text:
Credit was once defined as "Man's Confidence in Man." But in fact, the definition of credit today is more like "Man's Confidence in Himself." Using credit today means you have confidence in your future ability to pay that debt. Forty years ago, your parents may have paid cash for their homes and their cars, a largely unheard-of event today. If they borrowed money at all, chances are it was from a relative or friend, and not a financial institution.
Today debt and instant credit are part of our everyday lives. The convenience of instant credit, however, has taken its toll. Many individuals use credit cards to spend more than they earn, and a few of these people actually build themselves a debt prison from which some never emerge. On the other hand, those who never use credit can be denied a loan or credit when they have a justifiable need or use for it. Using credit establishes a history of financial responsibility: Until you establish a credit history, your chances of qualifying for an important loan, such as a mortgage, are greatly reduced.
What is the balance between using credit wisely and staying out of overwhelming debt? Let's look at the facts and some pros and cons.
Installment Debt
Debt comes in many forms, and most types help us in our daily lives — when used responsibly. Most people cannot buy a home without some financial help, and many cannot buy a car (especially a new one) without some sort of financing. The money borrowed to purchase large-ticket items is called installment debt: The debtor pays a portion of the total at regular intervals over a specified period of time. At the end of that time period, the loan with interest is paid off.
Installment debt allows you to purchase items at a competitive interest rate: for example, 3% to 7% for a 30-year home mortgage and 6% to 9% for a car loan. The loan is paid back on an amortizing schedule, monthly payments of a fixed amount that remain constant over the life of the loan. At first, most of the monthly payment consists of interest. In later years, principal begins to be paid down.
Installment debt is easily budgeted and the debt is eliminated on a predetermined date. Even for those who may actually have the cash to purchase the desired item, installment debt can make financial sense if you can earn a higher return (after taxes) on your investment of cash than you must pay on your installment debt.
Revolving Credit
A revolving line of credit, also called "open-ended credit," is made available to you for use at any time. Examples of revolving credit are credit cards such as Visa, Mastercard, and department store cards. When you apply for one of these cards, you receive a credit limit based on your credit payment history and income. When you use the credit line, you must make monthly minimum payments based on the total balance outstanding that month. Some lines of credit will also have an annual account fee.
While revolving credit is a convenient way to borrow, it can also become an endless pit of minimum payments that barely cover the interest due. Many cards charge annual rates of interest of 18% or higher. As you pay off your debt, the minimum payment is also reduced, thus extending your payoff period and, consequently, the interest you pay. Paying just the minimum due on a $2,000 credit card loan could mean making monthly interest payments for 10 or more years!
Revolving credit, in addition to being convenient, eliminates the need to carry a lot of cash and can help establish you as a creditworthy risk for future loans. The itemized monthly statements also can help you track your expenses. But some people can easily yield to the temptation that the convenience of credit cards offers. Impulse buying, failing to compare costs, and purchasing large items you can't afford are all downfalls brought on by always available purchasing power. Spending more than you earn in any given period is a dangerous practice at best, but doing it over an extended period of time can be financial suicide.
Using Credit Wisely
To use credit intelligently, start by examining the terms of the card(s) you are currently using. Keeping track of your cards, their rates, and your current balances will help you to be aware of how you use credit cards. Increased competition in recent years has led some credit card companies to offer enticing features to attract new cardholders, including no annual fees and low interest rates for an introductory period. (And credit card companies sometimes will give their introductory rates to existing cardholders so that they won't transfer their balances to another credit card company.)
Eliminating Credit Card Debt
If you think you may have too much credit card debt, begin to address it by honestly evaluating your spending habits. Examine your existing expenses to analyze how your money is spent. You will most likely be able to identify the problem areas where you are more likely to spend too much or too readily with credit cards. Then, based on your current spending practices, create a realistic budget to pay off your credit card debt in the shortest time possible while not adding any more debt to it. For assistance, you may want to turn to your financial advisor, who can help you to allocate your resources wisely to address your credit card debt.
The Role of Debt
Today, carrying installment debt is almost a fact of life. Mortgages, car loans, or small-business loans (to name a few) are part of almost everyone's life. On the other hand, carrying credit card debt is usually not a good idea. At interest rates of 16% and up, it's hard to justify keeping savings that could pay off that 18% department-store credit card in the bank at 2%.
Debt and credit play increasingly important roles in our lives. As the aging Baby Boomers get closer to their peak earning years, many are realizing the need to reduce debt and increase savings. Even though analyzing your spending habits and creating a budget to address your debt may seem a little overwhelming, the simplicity of the philosophy of the Depression era still stands: Never spend more than you earn. Once you have come to grips with this basic fact, managing your debt will become far easier and more rewarding.
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responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the
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© 2019 DST Systems, Inc. Reproduction in whole or in part prohibited, except by permission. All rights reserved. Not responsible for any errors or omissions.


text:
Balmar AltMount Serpentine Pulley Kit – Universal
This AltMount serpentine pulley kit fits Universal M-35B, M-25XPB, M-40B marine diesel engines. It allows you to install a high output marine alternator in the alternator original position. These kits are the ideal upgrade for serious cruisers and others looking to maximize their charging capacity delivered by their main engine.
AltMount®Serpentine Pulley Conversion Kit for Universal Marine Diesel Engines
Engines Covered: Universal M35B, M25XPB, M40B
Kit Includes: Three Ten-Groove (J10) Pulleys, Two J10, 40″ Circumference Serpentine Belts (one spare) & Mounting Hardware
Note: If you specify an AT-200A Alternator, a longer belt length may be required.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Carter-Young Inc is an apartment debt collector that often reports on consumers credit reports negatively. Because of the negative credit reporting consumers can be denied a home loan, auto loan, or employment. It is important to resolve and possibly remove negatively reporting debt collection items from a credit report and other databases.
Carter-Young Inc information is:
Address: 120 2nd St, 2nd Floor Monroe, GA 30655 Phone: (678) 995-4242 Fax: (678) 937-0609 Web: https://www.carter-young.com/indexOur law firm can be hired to represent you to resolve issues with Carter-Young Inc. We help California consumers resolve issues with debt collectors that report erroneous, out of date, or negative information that may violate FCRA, FDCPA or other laws on a credit report. We interview the consumer to see what issues may exist. We may also want to review a copy of the credit report. Credit reports can be obtained at Credit Report Online. We will gather the relevant documents and have the credit repair attorney evaluate under California Rosenthal Debt Collection Practices Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and any other applicable statutes. Given the facts, we can make recommendations on how to proceed to achieve the client's goals.
We may start with a dispute at Carter-Young Inc directly to gather more information. Based on the additional information received there may be FDCPA, FCRA, Rosenthal Act, or TCPA violations that may give our client additional leverage in resolving their issues. Sometimes our clients decide to settle with the Carter-Young Inc. If a client settles, then we create a contract for the creditor to sign that releases our client from the remaining amount and describes how it will be reported on the credit report. Most clients want the negative reporting removed from their credit report and other databases. Removal from the credit report does not happen in all cases. In extreme cases, we file lawsuits against the Carter-Young Inc to defend our clients rights.
You don't have to face any Debt Collector alone!
Let us know how our law firm can assist by requesting a FREE Phone, Video Chat, or In-Person Consultation.
Call (714) 699-9696 or email firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
For those of you not following me on Facebook, as of the Summer of 2019 I've moved to Central WA, to a tiny mountain town of less than 1,000 people.
I will be covering my exploits here in the Cascades, as I try to further reduce my impact on the environment. With the same attitude, just at a higher altitude!
Wednesday, January 30, 2008
Reader appreciation day!
I just wanted to thank all of you for reading and commenting on my blog. I'm having a lot of fun sharing my (oftentimes) nutty approaches to saving the environment. Plus, having a couple thousand people to read books with, plan meals with and discuss bodily functions is more exciting than, well, doing it alone.
So, in honor of you guys, who help make my life sane when it's clearly not, I want to do something for you.
What's that, you say?
It's a giveaway! I'm giving away a $50 gift card to the seed catalog/supplier or nursery of your choice. All you have to do is enter your name in the comments section and the winner will be drawn at random.
I want to support you for growing your own vegetables and fruit trees and to help show you that making the investment is worth all the work. How many other hobbies do you have that turn dirt into something you can eat?
So, you have until Saturday (2/2/08) at 6:00 p.m. PST to enter [Contest closed!]. The winner will be announced on Sunday, 2/3.
Don't be late!
164 comments:
- Crunchy Domestic Goddess said...
wow - i'm first? how fun! thanks for the giveaway. i'm hoping to expand my garden from just pots last year to actually in the ground this year. :)
- January 29, 2008 at 10:49 PM
What an awesome idea! I love it! It would be really fun to have plants in my garden that reminded me of one of my favorite bloggers!
- January 29, 2008 at 11:58 PM
Sweet idea!! I'm starting my first garden this year.. and recently discovered your blog.. I'm loving going through the archives... and coincidentally I just bought a divacup and then saw your "challenge" which I think it is HILARIOUS because I was embarassed to tell even my husband (let alone the whole blogging world!!) that I bought one! LOL I think your site is awesome in what you are doing to raise awareness!!
- January 30, 2008 at 12:15 AM
I enjoy reading your blog. Thanks.
- January 30, 2008 at 2:43 AM
Ah yes, count me in! The ice storm wrecked major havoc in my orchard. Am trying to figure out if trying to raise fruit in my climate is worth it or not. Last year we had a late, hard freeze and got absolutely no fruit. Well, there was that one cherry, but some bird beat me to it. So, trees or no trees? But always a garden!
- January 30, 2008 at 2:44 AM
- Burbanmom said...
Fabulous! Thanks, Crunchy! I just started reading through my seed catalogs last night! :-)
- January 30, 2008 at 3:33 AM
I just discovered your blog last week and I'm so glad I did! You have so many great ideas. Having a chance to win a prize is an extra bonus!
- January 30, 2008 at 4:19 AM
I'm about to order garden catalogs so we can plan what to plant this year. I really want to grow and preserve much more of our food after reading about the local foods movement. What a timely contest.
- January 30, 2008 at 4:26 AM
- Deb in MA said...
Great idea! It's the gardening catalogs that get me through these long, dark, snowy Northeast winters.
- January 30, 2008 at 4:36 AM
I wanna grow blueberries! Doing lots of research now...we'll see! Thanks!
- January 30, 2008 at 4:43 AM
- Amy said...
You totally rock! I love this idea. I, too, am planning my first garden this year and am already pouring over seed magazines. Thank you!!!
- January 30, 2008 at 4:50 AM
- Kim said...
I just discovered your blog and absolutely love it. It's the blog I'd write if I were creative and motivated. I do cloth diaper, hang laundry out to dry, recycle, and belong to a CSA, so I'm trying. :)
-kim - January 30, 2008 at 4:51 AM
- Ananda Devika said...
Yea! My garden is still in the planning stages, as we are covered in ice here, but this would be so awesome!
- January 30, 2008 at 5:02 AM
Thanks for appreciating us! I am going to do some container gardening this year, and maybe plant raspberries or something.
I am not "entering" to win though, I have already be lucky enough to win one of your prizes!
Thanks for making my mornings! I love reading your posts first thing. It is a great way to start my day. :)
RVM - January 30, 2008 at 5:11 AM
- Joanna said...
I'm starting a garden for the first time this year too- and am overwhelmed with the choices in the couple seed catalogs I've received so far!
- January 30, 2008 at 5:14 AM
- Unknown said...
oooh...great idea! And I need a gift certificate - we lost a couple of trees to the landscapers last year and need to replace them.
- January 30, 2008 at 5:18 AM
- gpc said...
How sweet, and what great timing! I have been lusting after a number of seeds and my symptoms are only going to get worse now that our temperature has dropped FIFTY degrees! Think spring.
- January 30, 2008 at 5:23 AM
- historicstitcher said...
Awesome giveaway!
I love reading your blog, even if I haven't gotten in on your challenges yet...(I do turn my thermostat down to 45F during the day and at night, and only let it go up to 65F for a few hours each day...)
Please count me on on the raffle! I need new seeds - I've been out of a garden for a few years, and my seed collection (yes, heirloom and all!) were ruined by my ex-. He put them in a metal trunk on the south porch in the summer right before I left! Cooked everything! - January 30, 2008 at 5:24 AM
Count me in. I love the blog and would love to have some extra cash for the garden this year. In fact, that is almost exactly how much short I am in the garden budget!
Kim - January 30, 2008 at 5:25 AM
- Robbyn said...
Count me in! this is sort of like the Seed Lottery :)
- January 30, 2008 at 5:29 AM
- The Unusual Farmchick said...
Count me in too please. This is the year I hope to order all heirloom- open pollinated seeds for future saving and trading.
seed lottery is right. LOL... - January 30, 2008 at 5:36 AM
- laurel said...
Oh, Crunchy, what a fabulous give away!! I just spent yesterday on the phone, picking the brains of the seed company people. I would love to get this gift certificate! My square foot gardening frame is going in next week!
- January 30, 2008 at 5:36 AM
- Deb G said...
Your Welcome! I really enjoy reading your blog. As for the garden, I've had my seeds for weeks now, but I have fruit trees on my wish list :)
- January 30, 2008 at 5:41 AM
- Melissa said...
Great idea! Love the blog.
- January 30, 2008 at 5:47 AM
- Lisa said...
Count me in! Fun idea :).
- January 30, 2008 at 5:49 AM
- Lisa Zahn said...
This is so cool! Today Sharon has linked to her post on where to buy seeds. You guys are "in sync"! Thanks for entering my name in the contest.
Lisa in MN
www.zahnzone.blogspot.com - January 30, 2008 at 5:53 AM
- Wendy said...
What a very nice idea! I'm know I'm not in the minority when I say that we all appreciate what you do. You seem one of those rare people who, despite the difficulties in your own life, reach out to others in an attempt to make the world a better place. Even without all of your eco-friendly ideas, we can all take a lesson from you ;).
I read an article on suburban homesteading last night, which was very good - and meaningful to me, as that's what I do. I like that you're encouraging people to garden. We've been gardening since we bought our house (ten years ago), and it's been a fantastic experience - especially when I get to add my own tomatoes to my Yankee Pot Roast ... in January ;). - January 30, 2008 at 6:04 AM
- Jennifer said...
Awe, thanks! I've just been reading for 3 or 4 monts, but already I've learned so much. Thanks to YOU!
And yes, I would LOVE to have pplants... I am hoping to actually have a GARDEN this year instead of a dirt patch that I don't do anything to. (No lawn, either, though). :) I'm saving seeds, and maybe next week I will start a cold weather garden! - January 30, 2008 at 6:09 AM
- Becky @ BoysRuleMyLife said...
Just what I need to get started! We'll be moving to the country soon and I want to start a garden ASAP! Thanks!
I know I don't comment a lot, but I'm here... lurking about... - January 30, 2008 at 6:17 AM
Excellent! We just bought our first home last summer and I've been considering putting in a little garden on our tiny property.
And let me throw a little appreciation back at you... I realize life isn't easy for you right now, but I am so grateful for what you do for all of us here on the blog.
buffalosoup (at) hotmail etc - January 30, 2008 at 6:18 AM
Wow, you've drug me out of lurkdom with this one. Since I am posting now, I'll mention how strange it was to open your page the other day and find out that we both tackled making butter-in-a-jar on the same day (my first time, too- and I had been intending to try it for ages as well). Kepp up the good work and thanks!
- January 30, 2008 at 6:27 AM
- emily said...
I want a drought tolerant shade garden!!!!!!!!
- January 30, 2008 at 6:28 AM
- Cave-Woman said...
I'm moving to a place with enough sun to actually have a garden! I'm excited! Count me in!
- January 30, 2008 at 6:31 AM
We should be giving you something in appreciation for giving us such a thought-provoking, life changing blog. Because of you, the diva cup is my new best friend, I'm a cloth wipe addict, my house is freezing, my square foot garden is completely planned out, I read books I never would have thought to read (Hobby Farm, anyone), I'm a canning pimp, and most importantly, I'm far more aware of my family's impact on this earth. Thank YOU Crunch.
- January 30, 2008 at 6:37 AM
- Nancy said...
Wow, what a nice thing to do! We are just starting to think about what we want to plant this year. I am so excited about it. Thanks so much for your blog--I've gotten a lot of great ideas from it, and things to think about.
- January 30, 2008 at 6:49 AM
I love your blog!!
- January 30, 2008 at 6:54 AM
- ~mel said...
Wow, what a generous gift!
I'm currently in the process of starting my first real garden at our new place, and about to order my seeds.
Thanks, Crunchy, for the great blog. I know life isn't easy for you right now, but I appreciate all you do here. I look forward to reading your posts each morning while drinking my (shade grown, fair trade organic) coffee. :-) - January 30, 2008 at 6:55 AM
Crunch! You are the best! You could move in next door and be my neighbor and we could share the $50 gift card! (aren't I generous!)
I feel like we should be the ones sending you presents with all you do for us and everything you are going thru. Heck, I should send you $50 for that delightful picture of David Beckham you posted a few days ago. (shwew!)
Hope all is well with the Crunchy front. My garden is under about 2 inches of snow (which is traumatic in the Willamette Valley) so I can't hardly even think about yardwork right now! - January 30, 2008 at 7:00 AM
- Britta said...
I check in every day! Love your blog and wish your family the best.
- January 30, 2008 at 7:03 AM
What a welcome sight your contest was this morning. Immediately, my brain turned to the Victory Seed Catalog that I was reading last night while the wind howled outside. Here in the great Midwest (St. Louis area), we had a 50 degree temperature drop in about 3 hours. We had rain, hail, sleet and, finally, snow!! Geez!
Now, I sit and dream about winning this prize and Spring. LOL I have to echo the thoughts of one of your other readers...."how wonderful it would be to see plants that remind them of their favorite blogger".
Thanks, Crunchy! - January 30, 2008 at 7:06 AM
- Fanny said...
Me me me! I bought some seeds this weekend but I DEFINITELY need more! Thanks for doing this.
- January 30, 2008 at 7:12 AM
- Oh, that girl again... said...
As an apartment-dweller, I'm looking forward to trying some container gardening - your potato experience made me believe it can be done!
- January 30, 2008 at 7:15 AM
Thanks, Crunchy! When are we gonna have a blogger appreciation day?
Shelly in FL - January 30, 2008 at 7:17 AM
- Unknown said...
(Is the begging working, yet???)
J/K, well sorta...
What an awesome, AWESOME gesture and oh how pretty those seeds would look out on this years balcony garden!
Crunchy as always you rock & I love ya!!!
Sam @ Loving Green - January 30, 2008 at 7:22 AM
- Unknown said...
Crunchy you are the best you know - nutty or not.
- January 30, 2008 at 7:22 AM
- Maritzia said...
Ohhhh...sign me up...
And just think, I've only been a reader for 3 days *laughs*. - January 30, 2008 at 7:22 AM
Yeehoo! Count me in, Crunchy Chicken!
Thanks for the draw, but mostly for your awesome blog!
big and little - January 30, 2008 at 7:39 AM
- Theresa said...
This is so nice of you Crunchy! I'm expanding my garden this year and I have been salivating over my one and only seed catalogue, dreaming of Spring while coping with the -45 C temps here right now.
- January 30, 2008 at 7:43 AM
- KatieB said...
This is a wonderful giveaway. Add me to the list.
Katie B - January 30, 2008 at 7:45 AM
- Ashley // Our Little Apartment said...
Wheee! Count me in - I hope I win -- I'm doing a garden with inner city kids again this year and I'd LOVE to be able to include some lessons on heirloom seeds and such! :)
- January 30, 2008 at 7:52 AM
- Catherine said...
Put me in the list!
I'm so glad I found this blog. I just ordered a diva cup two days ago and signed up for my local CSA delivery (first delivery tomorrow!) thanks to Animal, Vegetable, Miracle.
I guess that makes you my Oprah. - January 30, 2008 at 7:58 AM
- MissAnna said...
I would give you back the gift card if you summarized what has/hasn't worked for you in your Seattle garden. I have a feeling my backyard is just too shady down in Renton as last year I only produced a few anemic beans, one very slow sunflower and a whole bunch of peas!
- January 30, 2008 at 8:00 AM
- Karine said...
Thank you Crunchy! It is also more interesting for me to take new environmental choices and initiatives when I read about everything you are doing. Thanks!
- January 30, 2008 at 8:18 AM
- Chile said...
Oh, oh, oh! Pick me! My sweetie just told me this morning he was going to place one last seed order. This would be perfect timing. (big cheesy grin)
- January 30, 2008 at 8:27 AM
Glad you're promoting growing food, Crunchy! If I win, I'll put it toward planting another row of vegetables for the local food pantry.
- January 30, 2008 at 8:28 AM
- May said...
What a neat idea ^__^
- January 30, 2008 at 8:35 AM
- Amber said...
I really enjoy your blog. I've mostly just been a silent participator in you challenges and haven't been able to participate in a book club yet (I'm either too late or haven't found the book on time). I am planning my first garden for this year and I'll be keeping up on your blog for more thought provoking and informative posts. Thanks for being so CRUNCHY!
- January 30, 2008 at 8:37 AM
Wow! If I haven't told you lately, we don't appreciate you nearly enough. I can't begin to tell you how you have brightened and inspired my world (you even had DH laughing with your recent "nut-job" poll). Thank YOU for everything that you've done!
- January 30, 2008 at 9:00 AM
Thanks to your blog we:
~read The Omnivore's Dilemma and started buying our meats from Polyface Farm
~read Animal Vegetable Miracle and planted our own food
~ and perhaps most notoriously, thanks to the Freeze Your Buns Off Challenge, you are known around our house as "that damn chicken woman" (all in good fun, I think!).
Anyway, we'd love to win the giveaway. Thanks for all that you've done to enrich our lives!
Susan - January 30, 2008 at 9:06 AM
You have no idea how many plants we need in our back yard!! I'm feeling lucky!
- January 30, 2008 at 9:08 AM
- Sheri said...
Great idea Crunchy!
I enjoy your blog.
Sheri - January 30, 2008 at 9:15 AM
Oh, Crunch - this is too hard to resist! I'm venturing out of lurkdom to enter this fantastic give away. I've got my spring wish list all made out already, too.
Carla in North Idaho - January 30, 2008 at 9:15 AM
- just ducky said...
Wow--62 comments and counting! That is quite impressive! This blog does a lot of good. You have great cause to be proud!
- January 30, 2008 at 9:25 AM
- simplephat said...
sign me up!
simple in slc - January 30, 2008 at 9:26 AM
- Cynthia said...
My husband has been planning and replanning this years garden all winter!
- January 30, 2008 at 9:34 AM
- ST said...
Oh! Count me in! Sounds like fun. :)
- January 30, 2008 at 9:34 AM
Mrs. Chicken - Have I told you how much I love you recently? Particularly when you talk about bodily functions and my garden porn. You are one of my daily reads. Excellent Job.
- January 30, 2008 at 9:51 AM
- katecontinued said...
What a giving gal you are! I will be planting my one raised bed and then working to transform my tiny home's roof to a green roof of my succulents. Then I want to plant seedlings to containers within my 5 huge, rusty oil barrels. These post-oil re-use barrels of food planters I'll mount on wheels. Your gift certificate could make that sing!
- January 30, 2008 at 9:56 AM
Yay! I have been dreaming about my garden even though the wind chill in this area has been -35° today!
- January 30, 2008 at 9:56 AM
- salmonpoetry said...
sign me up! i'll be expanding my little urban farm this spring into a community garden plot, the more the merrier!
thanks for the generosity you offer on this blog- your wisdom, humor, and cool giveaways like this! - January 30, 2008 at 9:59 AM
What an amazing and fun giveaway! Perfect timing too, as I was just starting to plan what food we were going to grow this coming season. :)
- January 30, 2008 at 10:12 AM
I'm rebuilding all of my garden beds and turning most of my back yard into a lawn-free zone. :) I'm going to try to grow quinoa! Pick me! Pick me! My Seeds of Change shopping cart doth overflow!
Megan - January 30, 2008 at 10:18 AM
- Christy said...
Cool! I haven't ordered my seeds yet.
- January 30, 2008 at 10:47 AM
- Tara said...
Oh, holy cow! What an awesome give-away. And just in time for the raised beds we're installing this year...
- January 30, 2008 at 11:21 AM
WOW! Thanks! I enjoy reading your blog!
- January 30, 2008 at 11:23 AM
Sign me up! I have big plans for a vegetable/herb garden this year!
- January 30, 2008 at 11:41 AM
- Annette said...
What a generous giveaway! Please enter me. Thanks!
- January 30, 2008 at 11:50 AM
- Jenette said...
My husband and I are talking about starting a garden this year. I have gotten 2 bins of 'dirt' from my worm bin and are looking to expand from our 2 (yes I know pitiful) tomato plants. Seed catalog recommendations would be appreciated (USDA Zone 9b or Sunset Western Climate Zone 14).
- January 30, 2008 at 12:25 PM
- Lesley said...
I'd love to join in too. :) I'm following your posts about building raised beds this year to start a garden! I just requested my seed catalogs and I can't wait to get them.
- January 30, 2008 at 12:29 PM
Hi, I have enjoyed reading your comments. Sometimes it's nice to realize I am not alone in being a bit crazy.
Thnks - January 30, 2008 at 12:42 PM
Enjoy your blog. Great ideas you have. Sign me up!
Myra - January 30, 2008 at 12:48 PM
- christy said...
thanks for a generous giveaway! my husband and i are plotting how to take over the backyard for gardening, while still leaving our 3 boys a little room to play. :)
- January 30, 2008 at 1:04 PM
We're apartment renters with no outdoors, but thanks! Love reading your blog.
- January 30, 2008 at 1:17 PM
i guess i'll throw in here too. i'm a relatively new reader (first comment), found you via greenpa.
i've enjoyed recently your writings and tha back and forth you seem to have with the three-holers out there. but i must admit in all my man'ness, i think i may have a bit of divacup envy. ;-) - January 30, 2008 at 1:27 PM
Wow, that's some appreciation. Thanks for the chance.
- January 30, 2008 at 1:57 PM
Love your blog, I'm not just a lurker now.... It would be cool to get come seeds or such from a catalog, I have always just bought them from the hardware store....
Jo, from way down south - January 30, 2008 at 2:04 PM
- Niffer said...
I'm a sucker for a give away!!! Woo! Hoo!
- January 30, 2008 at 2:19 PM
- Tracy G said...
Nifty! I hope to grow a few more plants this year—some beans and Swiss chard, for sure.
- January 30, 2008 at 2:26 PM
- Coach Paulette said...
Wow Crunchy - what a nice giveaway! Thanks for the chance to win!
If you are interested - this week I'm giving away a handmade beaded bookmark and a quiet time care package! Enter by Friday if you want! - January 30, 2008 at 2:40 PM
- Laurie said...
Wow!...What a great way to get us lurkers into the mix :o) Count me in please!
- January 30, 2008 at 2:48 PM
- Anna Banana said...
I'd spend the whole $50 on green onions and chiles. Can't grow enough! Thanks for blogging!
- January 30, 2008 at 2:53 PM
- Rechelle said...
uh... uh...hello? Hello? anyone there? Hello? This is me... Rechelle and I would like to sign up for the seed giveaway? Hello? Hello?
- January 30, 2008 at 3:06 PM
Oh Crunchy! You are enabling my garden porn fantasies!
You go, girl!
Sign me up!
Kerri - January 30, 2008 at 3:13 PM
Money for seeds?!?! Or new bio-degradable ground cloth? Or a pretty lattice for beans? Oh man I can go on and on.
Crunchy it's very, very naughty of you to offer to push people's habits.
That's why I love ya! - January 30, 2008 at 3:25 PM
- LoveandSalt said...
Hi! I've been lurking here for some time, but the seed offer gave me that last push to sign on. I'll have my first fullscale garden this year, after starting slow with pots and a few plants here and there. (Also learning to find and eat wild food in Vermont where I live.)
Anyway, I think I might win because my birthday is coming, and because I am very very lucky! - January 30, 2008 at 4:01 PM
Fun contest!
- January 30, 2008 at 4:13 PM
- Donna said...
Very cool. Just found you today!
- January 30, 2008 at 4:25 PM
- Jerry said...
I've been reading your blog for the last few weeks. Great stuff.
- January 30, 2008 at 4:57 PM
No Crunchy...you rock!!
Thanks for the ever informative blog. - January 30, 2008 at 5:05 PM
Ooh, ooh! I would SO love to have a little more cash to adapt my sun-drenched, 100-square-foot garden vision into something more suitable for my currently available space: shady, rocky, steeply terraced and full o' shrubs.
But I WILL have asparagus. I WILL. - January 30, 2008 at 5:27 PM
Who can turn down free seeds? And it is great to know you have so many readers and so many gardeners among them.
Now, in addition to your other roles you are a philanthropist too. - January 30, 2008 at 5:45 PM
- Alan said...
Well, I haven't seen any other guys signing up for a chance on the seed coupon, so here I am. Maybe my solitary maleness will give me a better chance.
- January 30, 2008 at 5:56 PM
- Olive said...
sign me up!! you are so sweet my dear
- January 30, 2008 at 6:12 PM
- Susan M.B. Sullivan said...
Thanks Crunchy! Thanks for sharing the nuttiness. The nuttier the better.
- January 30, 2008 at 6:50 PM
Oohm me too please! Thank you for this blog! :o)
- January 30, 2008 at 6:53 PM
Me me me! =)
- January 30, 2008 at 7:00 PM
me, I want some seeds, can I have some seeds? Don't pick a random reader, just pick me!!
I love seeds, big seeds, small seeds kukui seeds, passion fruit seeds fancy seeds, flower seeds - January 30, 2008 at 7:02 PM
- Jenna said...
Nifty... and with the garden porn coming in waves to my mailbox daily its a very cool drawing idea!
(Honest... I block all the other catalogs but I need my green fix in the middle of these chilly winter blahs!) - January 30, 2008 at 7:45 PM
Oh, how lovely! I plan on planting a vegetable garden this year - partly because of a reduction in income - but also because of the numerous benefits. I'm hoping to share harvest with several friends, each of us specializing in some vegies to swap. I'm new to your blog and am so inspired. I plan on buying a diva cup too!
- January 30, 2008 at 8:25 PM
- Phyllis Sommer said...
ooh cool. count me in:-)
- January 30, 2008 at 8:26 PM
- Bill Rosemurgy said...
can't wait to buy some seeds!
- January 30, 2008 at 8:29 PM
- Village Green said...
Your post makes me think green green green! Outside, my garden is frozen into stillness, but soon things will be stirring once more.
- January 30, 2008 at 9:23 PM
Cool! I built my first 4x4 garden box last year and plan to do more this year. Seeds would be great!
- January 30, 2008 at 10:02 PM
- Kelsie said...
I can taste those heirloom 'maters now...
- January 30, 2008 at 11:02 PM
- Sherrie said...
Yee-haw, I'm always getting the itch to spend on seeds this time of year, and I have some new veggies in mind!
- January 31, 2008 at 4:57 AM
- jlpicard2 said...
Awesome. I was feeling like a bit of a laggard for not ordering my seeds yet. It may just be justified :)
- January 31, 2008 at 5:22 AM
- C said...
Throwing my hat in the ring. We are planning our first vegetable garden this year!!
- January 31, 2008 at 5:37 AM
- Andrew said...
I enjoy your blog. Cheers!
- January 31, 2008 at 5:37 AM
- Jan said...
Hey Crunchy, please add my name to the hat. Not too many things I'd rather win!
- January 31, 2008 at 5:45 AM
Yay! Count me in. I just discovered your blog a few weeks ago. I love the challenges. Thanks for the encouragement and the community this space provides.
- January 31, 2008 at 5:55 AM
- girlonabike said...
Wow- thanks Crunchy Chicken! We love what you do for us- thanks for being such an inspiration!
- January 31, 2008 at 6:58 AM
That is so generous!! Thanks doing such a fun giveaway contest, Crunchy!
- January 31, 2008 at 6:59 AM
Fantastic! Boy, I was just getting ready to make a huge order so we can finally start the garden of our dreams. We have only waited 20 years to do this. I have tried a few tomatoes now and then but now we finally have a place we can really go to town! Just have to decide where to start tilling. ;o)
- January 31, 2008 at 7:29 AM
- Unknown said...
pick me pick me!!
conniebonnie.wordpress.com - January 31, 2008 at 8:19 AM
- Jason C said...
very nice giveaway! We're starting some veggie gardening this year, too.
http://www.screamtobegreen.com - January 31, 2008 at 8:23 AM
- P~ said...
Yeah, I'm a gardening perv! I've been drooling over the seed catalogs. This would be perfect.
Sign me up.
A posse ad esse - January 31, 2008 at 8:50 AM
New reader, love your blog; I'm just about to place my 2008 seed order, so count me in on the drawing!
firstname.lastname@example.com - January 31, 2008 at 9:04 AM
What a lovely thing to do. I would love to plant a garden in your honor.
- January 31, 2008 at 9:06 AM
- Fresh and Feisty said...
I just got my new seed catalog this week!
- January 31, 2008 at 9:17 AM
Erin -- thanks for this!
email@example.com - January 31, 2008 at 9:28 AM
- Melissa Anderson said...
I never win anything, but I'll try anyway!!
Melissa - January 31, 2008 at 10:24 AM
- Sarah said...
Yay! Count me in :) I'm starting our first garden this year.
(Living the Fruity Life) - January 31, 2008 at 10:36 AM
- Sweetpeas said...
Yay! We're looking at moving in the next couple months & I'm going insane not knowing where we'll be or if we'll have an outdoor garden or a container garden and such, at least knowing where I'll find the money for seeds would be AWESOME!
- January 31, 2008 at 10:37 AM
- MikeandCharlsie said...
Wow this would be great!
- January 31, 2008 at 10:45 AM
- Hellcat13 said...
I'll de-lurk for this one :) We moved into our home 1.5 years ago, but were concentrating on inside renos last year, so the outdoors fell to the wayside. I'm looking forward to trying my hand at a veggie garden this summer!
- January 31, 2008 at 1:02 PM
Great idea for a giveaway! It could be that final push I need to get my garden going!
- January 31, 2008 at 1:19 PM
- DC said...
137 comments already! Holy crap, I'd have a better chance of winning the multi-state lotto. That's okay, we really already have all the seeds we need for this season, so please don't put my name in the hat. I just wanted to say thanks for doing this. We all appreciate you too. We should have a Crunchy Appreciation Day where everyone pledges to live inside their freezers for 24 hours and to use cloth wipes in public restrooms.
- January 31, 2008 at 1:52 PM
Ooh, ooh! [raising hand] Me! Me!
- January 31, 2008 at 2:05 PM
- Kristi said...
Oooh! Oooh! Pick me! Pick me! I've already ordered my seeds, but I still need to order 'taters. My new neighbors want to put up a fence, but I'd like to try and talk them into an edible hedge, instead. Filberts, blueberries, and roses, oh my?
- January 31, 2008 at 2:35 PM
- UrbanHippieMama said...
I want to echo the idea that we should have a Crunchy Appreciation Day... I really enjoy your blog, and you have found a very special way to influence others and help us change habits.
That being said, unlike the previous poster, I would love for you to put my name in the hat. :) We are buying a new (OLD) home with a hugantic garden that I am SO excited and nervous to put to use!!! I'm going to need all the support and info and seeds I can get!!! - January 31, 2008 at 3:04 PM
- girlosun_9 said...
What a very cool give away . . . we are actually planting our own veggies this year and have started to pick up all the stuff associated with starting plants indoors :)
- January 31, 2008 at 3:23 PM
- Jenn said...
Lovely offer - I'd love to get in on the drawing. I've been looking forward to getting a bit of a garden going for months now, and this would be a great help.
- January 31, 2008 at 4:23 PM
- crstn85 said...
i want to create an herb garden this year. count me in.
- January 31, 2008 at 5:14 PM
Great idea! Do you mind if I steal the concept for my own blog?! Meanwhile, I can continue drooling over all the possibilities for the garden! Thanks for everything you do!
- January 31, 2008 at 5:44 PM
- Going Crunchy said...
Sure, I'm happy to comment. Your blog has truly inspired me! But I DO NOT want to win $50.00 from you- - - - put it towards the own things going on in your life right now. I'll just consider a 50-buck-virtual-hug instead. Give your kids an extra carrot garden!!!!
- January 31, 2008 at 6:27 PM
Thanks for the thanks!
I read your blog everyday although I barely ever comment. I didn't know how much you like it--I will do it more often now.
Thanks for the giveaway. I had some failed tomatoes and some pretty good herbs a while back. It would be great to start again though.
Love to you and your family.
ps-I got a divacup! (after the challenge--during it I was too freaked out.) It's wonderful. I would have never dreamed of doing it had I not read about it here. - January 31, 2008 at 8:53 PM
Pick me! Pick me!
- January 31, 2008 at 9:24 PM
- Cheryl said...
Ooh, count me in, I've got an empty patch of ground to fill!
- January 31, 2008 at 10:51 PM
I'm a Seattle gardener recently transplanted to Holland and had to leave everything with dirt behind. Gotta start over! --email@example.com
- February 1, 2008 at 4:32 AM
- Care said...
What a cool thing to do! I love to garden, though I am still working out all the kinks. (Who knew okra could be so tall?!?!) My kiddos and I work in our small, family garden every year. :)
- February 1, 2008 at 5:50 AM
What athoughtful giveaway. I'm just beginning a garden.
njones127 at tampabay dot rr dot com - February 1, 2008 at 7:50 AM
- CG said...
I'm in for seeds! It would probably have to be either Baker Creek or Italian Seed & Tool so if everyone else hasn't checked them out, do so. Or it could be my local fruit tree supplier, urban homestead. hmmm, what a nice fantasy decision
- February 1, 2008 at 10:16 AM
You are an inspiration, Chick! Keep up the fantastic green work!
Maybe this will inspire me to start planning my beds now... sigh! - February 1, 2008 at 12:23 PM
Wow! Seeds, handsome young men and a contest! Gook Luck to all!
- February 1, 2008 at 2:28 PM
Great idea! Hope whoever wins has a great time gardening.
Some of my friends and I will be trading seeds this year, since some of those seed packets really have more in them than any one person can use. - February 1, 2008 at 2:30 PM
This will be my first garden this year! It would be a nice bonus to add some raspberry bushes : )
- February 1, 2008 at 4:21 PM
- Unknown said...
I read your blog and enjoy it, and I'd love to win the gift card. I'm putting in a garden this year, but trying not to spend too much money because it's a rental house and we'll probably only be here another year or two.
- February 1, 2008 at 5:27 PM
- Diana said...
I would like to throw my name into the hat as well. I am wanting to start our fruit orchard this spring but don't have the funds. I can dream a little until the winner is choosen. Thanks for offering this!
- February 1, 2008 at 5:29 PM
- cindy24 said...
Count me in. I am starting some planting this weekend!! A neighbor has a full winter (or whatever we call it in Los Angeles) garden. I need to catch up and start mine. Most of mine will be containers with larger growing plants at a friends. I created an entirely shaded front and backyard trying not to get the kiddos burned. Now I pretty much have my driveway and a small strip to plant a garden.
- February 1, 2008 at 9:50 PM
hey i have a request... as you said its soap making season and i really want to try cold pressed soap but dont know where to begin. could you PLEASE do a more indepth post on soap making. thanks, katrina
oh yeah and if youve never had black krim tomatoes, you must try them!!!! they are easily the best tomatoes ive had in my life! - February 2, 2008 at 5:26 AM
- mothersong said...
Oh, I hope I win this one. Fedco here I come. I just convinced my husband to start a little urban homestead experiment on our in town quarter of an acre. He's not that convinced, especially as I tried to talk him into rabbits for manure yesterday.
Saving $50 in seed will soften him up for the bunnies, maybe! :-) - February 2, 2008 at 7:49 AM
seed catalogs and plant nurseries are my weakness-along with bookstores......but I tell myself it's all for a good cause.....
- February 2, 2008 at 11:12 AM
- sarah said...
i never win anything, but i'm a sucker for seeds....
you brought me out of my lurker status!
sarah - February 2, 2008 at 2:03 PM
I was just starting to plan my garden for this year.
- February 2, 2008 at 4:36 PM


text:
MicroTouch (1)
3M Touch Systems has sold their touch screen business to TES America. TES America utilising its existing manufacturing facilities will continue to supply Surface capacitive touch screens in the same manner 3M has for many years. The Surface capacitive products will be branded Microtouch and will carry the same part numbers as those used by 3M. E-screen is pleased to be a stocking distributor of the range of Microtouch SCAP touch screens and controller technologies holding many parts in stock for immediate delivery to Europe and beyond. With over 10 years experience of supporting Microtouch products E-screen remains the display integrators and repair facilities number one European supplier of both parts for new designs and replacement parts. Using the existing 3M Part numbers and designs as well as the same controller and driver technology Microtouch products are a direct drop in replacement for 3M Touch Systems. If you part number is not shown please contact us for further information.
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text:
Eminem - KILLSHOT (MGK Diss) Şarkı Sözleri
KILLSHOT (MGK Diss)
You sound like a bitch, bitch
Shut the fuck up!
When your fans become your haters
You done?
Fuckin' beard's weird
You yellin' at the mic, fuckin' weird beard
We doin' this once
You yellin' at the mic, your beard's weird
Why you yell at the mic? (Illa)
Rihanna just hit me on a text
Last night I left hickeys on her neck
Wait, you just dissed me? I'm perplexed
Insult me in a line, compliment me on the next
Damn, I'm really sorry you want me to have a heart attack
Was watchin' 8 Mile on my NordicTrack
Realized I forgot to call you back
Here's that autograph for your daughter, I wrote it on a Starter cap
Stan, Stan, son
Listen, man, Dad isn't mad
But how you gonna name yourself after a damn gun and have a man-bun?
The giant's woke, eyes open, undeniable
Supplyin' smoke, got the fire stoked
Say you got me in a scope, but you grazed me
I say one call to Interscope and you're Swayze
Your reply got the crowd yelling, "Woo!"
So before you die let's see who can out-petty who
With your corny lines ("Slim, you're old")—ow, Kelly, ooh
But I'm 45 and I'm still outselling you
By 29, I had three albums that had blew
Now let's talk about somethin' I don't really do
Go in someone's daughter's mouth stealin' food
But you're a fuckin' mole hill
Now I'ma make a mountain out of you, woo!
Ho, chill, actin' like you put the chrome barrel to my bone marrow
Gunner? Bitch, you ain't a bow and arrow
Say you'll run up on me like a phone bill, sprayin' lead (brrt)
Playin' dead, that's the only time you hold still (hold up)
Are you eating cereal or oatmeal?
What the fuck's in the bowl, milk? Wheaties or Cheerios?
'Cause I'm takin' a shit in 'em, Kelly, I need reading material
"Yo, Slim, your last four albums sucked
Go back to Recovery," oh shoot, that was three albums ago
What do you know? Oops
Know your facts before you come at me, lil' goof
Luxury, oh, you broke, bitch? Yeah, I had enough money in '02
To burn it in front of you, ho
Younger me? No, you're the wack me, it's funny but so true
I'd rather be 80-year-old me than 20-year-old you
'Til I'm hitting old age
Still can fill a whole page with a 10-year-old's rage
Got more fans than you in your own city, lil' kiddy, go play
Feel like I'm babysitting Lil Tay
Got the Diddy okay so you spent your whole day
Shootin' a video just to fuckin' dig your own grave
Got you at your own wake, I'm the billy goat
You ain't never made a list next to no Biggie, no Jay
Next to Taylor Swift and that Iggy ho, you about to really blow
Kelly, they'll be putting your name
Next to Ja, next to Benzino—die, motherfucker!
Like the last motherfucker sayin' Hailie in vain
Alien brain, you Satanist (yeah)
My biggest flops are your greatest hits
The game's mine again and ain't nothin' changed but the locks
So before I slay this bitch I, mwah, give Jade a kiss
Gotta wake up Labor Day to this (the fuck?)
Bein' rich-shamed by some prick usin' my name for clickbait
In a state of bliss 'cause I said his goddamn name
Now I gotta cock back, aim
Yeah, bitch, pop Champagne to this! (pop)
It's your moment
This is it, as big as you're gonna get, so enjoy it
Had to give you a career to destroy it
Lethal injection
Go to sleep six feet deep, I'll give you a B for the effort
But if I was three-foot-eleven
You'd look up to me, and for the record
You would suck a dick to fuckin' be me for a second
Lick a ballsack to get on my channel
Give your life to be as solidified
This mothafuckin' shit is like Rambo when he's out of bullets
So what good is a fuckin' machine gun when it's out of ammo?
Had enough of this tatted-up mumble rapper
How the fuck can him and I battle?
He'll have to fuck Kim in my flannel
I'll give him my sandals
'Cause he knows, long as I'm Shady he's gon' have to live in my shadow
Exhausting, letting off on my offspring
Lick a gun barrel, bitch, get off me!
You dance around it like a sombrero, we can all see
You're fuckin' salty
'Cause Young Gerald's balls-deep inside of Halsey
Your red sweater, your black leather
You dress better, I rap better
That a death threat or a love letter?
Little white toothpick
Thinks it's over a pic, I just don't like you, prick
Thanks for dissing me
Now I had an excuse on the mic to write "Not Alike"
But really, I don't care who's in the right
But you're losin' the fight you picked
Who else want it? Kells — attempt fails! Budden — L's!
Fuckin' nails in these coffins as soft as Cottonelle
Killshot, I will not fail, I'm with the Doc still
But this idiot's boss pops pills and tells him he's got skills
But, Kells, the day you put out a hit's the day Diddy admits
That he put the hit out that got Pac killed, ah!
I'm sick of you bein' wack
And still usin' that mothafuckin' Auto-Tune
So let's talk about it (let's talk about it)
I'm sick of your mumble rap mouth
Need to get the cock up out it
Before we can even talk about it (talk about it)
I'm sick of your blonde hair and earrings
Just 'cause you look in the mirror and think
That you're Marshall Mathers (Marshall Mathers)
Don't mean you are, and you're not about it
So just leave my dick in your mouth and keep my daughter out it
You fuckin'... oh
And I'm just playin', Diddy
You know I love you
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kere okundu.
Şarkı Sözleri


text:
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text:
Support the Hoover Institution
Join the Hoover Institution's community of supporters in advancing ideas defining a free society.
The current system is complicated, restrictive, and badly in need of reform. It is ineffective at its stated goals of allowing sufficient immigration and punishing transgressors who overstay their visas or cross our borders illegally. A working group has been formed under this initiative that aims to improve immigration law by providing innovative ideas and clear improvements to every part of the system – from border security to green cards to temporary work visas. Our efforts are provided by Hoover scholars and leading affiliated thinkers and reformers from both sides of the aisle. Our membership is united by only one common theme: Our current system is broken and needs to be reformed.
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Portland, OR, November 10, 2017 –(PR.com)– Color Marketing Group, the leading international association of color design professionals, introduced the organizations' forecasted key colors today at the 2017 International Summit in Portland, Oregon.
The Color Marketing Group 2019+ Latin-American Key is exaggerated, eclectic, and energized, Opulencia is a hue of sumptuous power and opulent living. "More is more" is our passionate cry as we celebrate a new era of maximalism.
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text:
Waste Removal Companies and How to Choose and Use Them
There are many waste removal companies in any large town or city. You can simply look one up and call them when you need to get rid of waste, but for good or great service it's important to do some research first and to choose the best company for you.
Here are some home improvement tips to help you choose the right waste removal company:
Look at the company's reputation. Look for companies with good reputations. This will help you feel confident that the company will take care of the waste removal process.
Ask about the price. Make sure the price is reasonable. You don't want to overpay for the service.
Ask about the service. Make sure the company offers a good waste removal service. This will ensure that the process is done properly and that the waste is removed properly.
Ask about the schedule. Make sure the company has a schedule that fits your needs. You don't want to have to wait until the last minute to have the waste removed.
Ask about the availability.
Make sure the company is responsible for the waste they collect and will only tip it at properly licensed waste disposal facilities.
There are a number of different types of local domestic and commercial waste removal companies that offer services these days. Some of the most common are described below:
Local Waste Disposal
Local waste disposal is the process of removing waste from an area. Waste disposal can be done by the local government, a private company, or a group of people. The three main methods of waste disposal are landfills, incinerators, and recycling.
Local waste disposal can be done in several ways. The local government might use landfills to dispose of solid waste. A private company might use incinerators to dispose of solid waste. A group of people might compost the solid waste and then use the compost to fertilize the land.
House Clearance Services
House clearance services are offered by companies that can help you declutter and tidy up your home in a snap. This can be a great way to make your living space feel more organized and stress-free.
Clean up your living space and declutter it, making it easier to live in and more organized and most people report that you will also feel happier.
Garden Clearance Services
Garden Clearance Services can help you clear a backlog of growth and discarded rubbish from any garden quickly. Most will always do their best to reuse, upcycle and down-cycle and recycle all the waste they collect.
In fact, most times now they will save money this way on the alternative of very high waste disposal costs for landfill and incineration.
If you have too much garden furniture, plants, or flowers, or if your garden is too small, you may need to hire a garden clearance service to help you declutter and organize your garden. This service can help you find items that you can donate to charity, sell online, or give to friends and family.
Pet Waste Removal
If you have a pet and find yourself struggling to cope with the amount of pet waste your pet produces, you may want to consider hiring a pet waste removal service. These companies are specially trained to take care of scooping up pet waste and disposing of it safely.
If you have a pet, you know that one of the things you have to take care of is getting rid of their waste.
Unfortunately, pet waste can be really messy and can stain furniture, floors, and other surfaces. That's why it's important to have a pet waste removal service that can take care of it for you.
They'll come to your house and remove all the waste, leaving your house clean and tidy.
Man & Van Rubbish Clearance
Man and Van Rubbish Clearance is the perfect service for those who have a lot of rubbish to clear from a home or business location. A team of experts can help you get rid of all the rubbish in an area or property quickly and easily. They'll take care of the entire process from start to finish, so you can focus on what's important.
We cannot stress too highly that it is important to hire a company that has the necessary experience and is reliable.
Any waste management company should be licensed, bonded, and insured. It is also important to find out what type of waste they handle. If they are illegally handling waste, they may have to face financial penalties.
And you might also become implicated in the eyes of the police if your waste is found to have been illegally dumped.
Why Use a Local Waste Removal Company?
Using Waste Removal Companies can help businesses eliminate waste from their property and reduce their environmental footprint. Many professional waste management companies are dedicated to environmental protection. These companies collect, sort, and send waste to recycling facilities.
They use advanced equipment and technologies and strive to reduce the environmental impact of their services. Professional waste management companies can also help businesses reduce their costs by removing waste as cheaply as possible.
Fortunately, you may be in luck because waste removal companies are evolving to meet the increasing demand and getting much better at recycling according to the efficiency guide which is known as the waste hierarchy. The waste hierarchy has been devised to help people take the most sustainable option whenever waste is disposed of.
Clean Harbors is an example of a waste removal company that has expanded to more than 400 locations worldwide. It started with a trash truck and has grown into a multibillion-dollar corporation. They are also the largest organic compost facility operator in the United States.
Despite their huge size, this company has a long and turbulent history. Its owners fought for public health and the environment and have made this huge business out of a start-up using just one trash truck.
Waste-to-energy Facilities
Waste management businesses are more and more often announcing ventures to develop waste-to-energy facilities (WtE).
This technology can transform organic waste into transportation fuels. Including providing fuel for cars in the form of compressed biomethane (rCNG) in cylinders. It can also help power homes and businesses.
By turning trash into fuel, these companies can help save the planet and reduce our carbon footprint.
Trash Removal Rates and Services
If you choose a private waste removal company, you should ask about their rates and services. Some charge for monthly or yearly contracts. Some also charge per individual pickup. Make sure the prices you are quoted fit into your budget. Lastly, check if they offer any other services besides waste removal. It's also important to find out whether the company offers any type of recycling.
The costs for garbage removal depend on the type of waste you have. Some items are recyclable while others require special equipment. Some of the more common items that are considered hazardous are batteries, fluorescent light bulbs, food waste, and yard waste. Depending on where you live, some types of waste may not be legally tipped on any particular landfill. Each landfill varies in the types of waste they can legally accept.
Your local government will enforce laws regarding hazardous waste, and there can be fines for illegal disposal.
The fees associated with waste removal may include dump fees, transfer station fees, pumping fees, and discharge fees. These fees are part of the cost of doing business for the company. These fees may be passed on to customers.
You should compare prices to ensure you get the most affordable service.


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Tuning Spark
Because of the in-memory nature of most Spark computations, Spark programs can be bottlenecked by any resource in the cluster: CPU, network bandwidth, or memory. Most often, if the data fits in memory, the bottleneck is network bandwidth, but sometimes, you also need to do some tuning, such as storing RDDs in serialized form, to decrease memory usage. This guide will cover two main topics: data serialization, which is crucial for good network performance and can also reduce memory use, and memory tuning. We also sketch several smaller topics.
Data Serialization
Serialization plays an important role in the performance of any distributed application. Formats that are slow to serialize objects into, or consume a large number of bytes, will greatly slow down the computation. Often, this will be the first thing you should tune to optimize a Spark application. Spark aims to strike a balance between convenience (allowing you to work with any Java type in your operations) and performance. It provides two serialization libraries:
- Java serialization:
By default, Spark serializes objects using Java's
framework, and can work with any class you create that implementsjava.io.Serializable
. You can also control the performance of your serialization more closely by extendingjava.io.Externalizable
. Java serialization is flexible but often quite slow, and leads to large serialized formats for many classes. - Kryo serialization: Spark can also use
the Kryo library (version 4) to serialize objects more quickly. Kryo is significantly
faster and more compact than Java serialization (often as much as 10x), but does not support all
types and requires you to register the classes you'll use in the program in advance for best performance.
You can switch to using Kryo by initializing your job with a SparkConf
and calling conf.set("spark.serializer", "org.apache.spark.serializer.KryoSerializer")
This setting configures the serializer used for not only shuffling data between worker
nodes but also when serializing RDDs to disk. The only reason Kryo is not the default is because of the custom
registration requirement, but we recommend trying it in any network-intensive application.
Since Spark 2.0.0, we internally use Kryo serializer when shuffling RDDs with simple types, arrays of simple types, or string type.
Spark automatically includes Kryo serializers for the many commonly-used core Scala classes covered in the AllScalaRegistrar from the Twitter chill library.
To register your own custom classes with Kryo, use the registerKryoClasses
The Kryo documentation describes more advanced registration options, such as adding custom serialization code.
If your objects are large, you may also need to increase the spark.kryoserializer.buffer
config. This value needs to be large enough
to hold the largest object you will serialize.
Finally, if you don't register your custom classes, Kryo will still work, but it will have to store the full class name with each object, which is wasteful.
Memory Tuning
There are three considerations in tuning memory usage: the amount of memory used by your objects (you may want your entire dataset to fit in memory), the cost of accessing those objects, and the overhead of garbage collection (if you have high turnover in terms of objects).
By default, Java objects are fast to access, but can easily consume a factor of 2-5x more space than the "raw" data inside their fields. This is due to several reasons:
- Each distinct Java object has an "object header", which is about 16 bytes and contains information
such as a pointer to its class. For an object with very little data in it (say one
field), this can be bigger than the data. - Java
s have about 40 bytes of overhead over the raw string data (since they store it in an array ofChar
s and keep extra data such as the length), and store each character as two bytes due toString
's internal usage of UTF-16 encoding. Thus a 10-character string can easily consume 60 bytes. - Common collection classes, such as
, use linked data structures, where there is a "wrapper" object for each entry (e.g.Map.Entry
). This object not only has a header, but also pointers (typically 8 bytes each) to the next object in the list. - Collections of primitive types often store them as "boxed" objects such as
This section will start with an overview of memory management in Spark, then discuss specific strategies the user can take to make more efficient use of memory in his/her application. In particular, we will describe how to determine the memory usage of your objects, and how to improve it – either by changing your data structures, or by storing data in a serialized format. We will then cover tuning Spark's cache size and the Java garbage collector.
Memory Management Overview
Memory usage in Spark largely falls under one of two categories: execution and storage.
Execution memory refers to that used for computation in shuffles, joins, sorts and aggregations,
while storage memory refers to that used for caching and propagating internal data across the
cluster. In Spark, execution and storage share a unified region (M). When no execution memory is
used, storage can acquire all the available memory and vice versa. Execution may evict storage
if necessary, but only until total storage memory usage falls under a certain threshold (R).
In other words, R
describes a subregion within M
where cached blocks are never evicted.
Storage may not evict execution due to complexities in implementation.
This design ensures several desirable properties. First, applications that do not use caching can use the entire space for execution, obviating unnecessary disk spills. Second, applications that do use caching can reserve a minimum storage space (R) where their data blocks are immune to being evicted. Lastly, this approach provides reasonable out-of-the-box performance for a variety of workloads without requiring user expertise of how memory is divided internally.
Although there are two relevant configurations, the typical user should not need to adjust them as the default values are applicable to most workloads:
expresses the size ofM
as a fraction of the (JVM heap space - 300MB) (default 0.6). The rest of the space (40%) is reserved for user data structures, internal metadata in Spark, and safeguarding against OOM errors in the case of sparse and unusually large records.spark.memory.storageFraction
expresses the size ofR
as a fraction ofM
(default 0.5).R
is the storage space withinM
where cached blocks immune to being evicted by execution.
The value of spark.memory.fraction
should be set in order to fit this amount of heap space
comfortably within the JVM's old or "tenured" generation. See the discussion of advanced GC
tuning below for details.
Determining Memory Consumption
The best way to size the amount of memory consumption a dataset will require is to create an RDD, put it into cache, and look at the "Storage" page in the web UI. The page will tell you how much memory the RDD is occupying.
To estimate the memory consumption of a particular object, use SizeEstimator
's estimate
This is useful for experimenting with different data layouts to trim memory usage, as well as
determining the amount of space a broadcast variable will occupy on each executor heap.
Tuning Data Structures
The first way to reduce memory consumption is to avoid the Java features that add overhead, such as pointer-based data structures and wrapper objects. There are several ways to do this:
- Design your data structures to prefer arrays of objects, and primitive types, instead of the
standard Java or Scala collection classes (e.g.
). The fastutil library provides convenient collection classes for primitive types that are compatible with the Java standard library. - Avoid nested structures with a lot of small objects and pointers when possible.
- Consider using numeric IDs or enumeration objects instead of strings for keys.
- If you have less than 32 GB of RAM, set the JVM flag
to make pointers be four bytes instead of eight. You can add these options inspark-env.sh
Serialized RDD Storage
When your objects are still too large to efficiently store despite this tuning, a much simpler way
to reduce memory usage is to store them in serialized form, using the serialized StorageLevels in
the RDD persistence API, such as MEMORY_ONLY_SER
Spark will then store each RDD partition as one large byte array.
The only downside of storing data in serialized form is slower access times, due to having to
deserialize each object on the fly.
We highly recommend using Kryo if you want to cache data in serialized form, as
it leads to much smaller sizes than Java serialization (and certainly than raw Java objects).
Garbage Collection Tuning
JVM garbage collection can be a problem when you have large "churn" in terms of the RDDs
stored by your program. (It is usually not a problem in programs that just read an RDD once
and then run many operations on it.) When Java needs to evict old objects to make room for new ones, it will
need to trace through all your Java objects and find the unused ones. The main point to remember here is
that the cost of garbage collection is proportional to the number of Java objects, so using data
structures with fewer objects (e.g. an array of Int
s instead of a LinkedList
) greatly lowers
this cost. An even better method is to persist objects in serialized form, as described above: now
there will be only one object (a byte array) per RDD partition. Before trying other
techniques, the first thing to try if GC is a problem is to use serialized caching.
GC can also be a problem due to interference between your tasks' working memory (the amount of space needed to run the task) and the RDDs cached on your nodes. We will discuss how to control the space allocated to the RDD cache to mitigate this.
Measuring the Impact of GC
The first step in GC tuning is to collect statistics on how frequently garbage collection occurs and the amount of
time spent GC. This can be done by adding -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps
to the Java options. (See the configuration guide for info on passing Java options to Spark jobs.) Next time your Spark job is run, you will see messages printed in the worker's logs
each time a garbage collection occurs. Note these logs will be on your cluster's worker nodes (in the stdout
files in
their work directories), not on your driver program.
Advanced GC Tuning
To further tune garbage collection, we first need to understand some basic information about memory management in the JVM:
Java Heap space is divided in to two regions Young and Old. The Young generation is meant to hold short-lived objects while the Old generation is intended for objects with longer lifetimes.
The Young generation is further divided into three regions [Eden, Survivor1, Survivor2].
A simplified description of the garbage collection procedure: When Eden is full, a minor GC is run on Eden and objects that are alive from Eden and Survivor1 are copied to Survivor2. The Survivor regions are swapped. If an object is old enough or Survivor2 is full, it is moved to Old. Finally, when Old is close to full, a full GC is invoked.
The goal of GC tuning in Spark is to ensure that only long-lived RDDs are stored in the Old generation and that the Young generation is sufficiently sized to store short-lived objects. This will help avoid full GCs to collect temporary objects created during task execution. Some steps which may be useful are:
Check if there are too many garbage collections by collecting GC stats. If a full GC is invoked multiple times for before a task completes, it means that there isn't enough memory available for executing tasks.
If there are too many minor collections but not many major GCs, allocating more memory for Eden would help. You can set the size of the Eden to be an over-estimate of how much memory each task will need. If the size of Eden is determined to be
, then you can set the size of the Young generation using the option-Xmn=4/3*E
. (The scaling up by 4/3 is to account for space used by survivor regions as well.) -
In the GC stats that are printed, if the OldGen is close to being full, reduce the amount of memory used for caching by lowering
; it is better to cache fewer objects than to slow down task execution. Alternatively, consider decreasing the size of the Young generation. This means lowering-Xmn
if you've set it as above. If not, try changing the value of the JVM'sNewRatio
parameter. Many JVMs default this to 2, meaning that the Old generation occupies 2/3 of the heap. It should be large enough such that this fraction exceedsspark.memory.fraction
. -
Try the G1GC garbage collector with
. It can improve performance in some situations where garbage collection is a bottleneck. Note that with large executor heap sizes, it may be important to increase the G1 region size with-XX:G1HeapRegionSize
As an example, if your task is reading data from HDFS, the amount of memory used by the task can be estimated using the size of the data block read from HDFS. Note that the size of a decompressed block is often 2 or 3 times the size of the block. So if we wish to have 3 or 4 tasks' worth of working space, and the HDFS block size is 128 MB, we can estimate size of Eden to be
. -
Monitor how the frequency and time taken by garbage collection changes with the new settings.
Our experience suggests that the effect of GC tuning depends on your application and the amount of memory available. There are many more tuning options described online, but at a high level, managing how frequently full GC takes place can help in reducing the overhead.
GC tuning flags for executors can be specified by setting spark.executor.extraJavaOptions
a job's configuration.
Other Considerations
Level of Parallelism
Clusters will not be fully utilized unless you set the level of parallelism for each operation high
enough. Spark automatically sets the number of "map" tasks to run on each file according to its size
(though you can control it through optional parameters to SparkContext.textFile
, etc), and for
distributed "reduce" operations, such as groupByKey
and reduceByKey
, it uses the largest
parent RDD's number of partitions. You can pass the level of parallelism as a second argument
(see the spark.PairRDDFunctions
or set the config property spark.default.parallelism
to change the default.
In general, we recommend 2-3 tasks per CPU core in your cluster.
Memory Usage of Reduce Tasks
Sometimes, you will get an OutOfMemoryError not because your RDDs don't fit in memory, but because the
working set of one of your tasks, such as one of the reduce tasks in groupByKey
, was too large.
Spark's shuffle operations (sortByKey
, groupByKey
, reduceByKey
, join
, etc) build a hash table
within each task to perform the grouping, which can often be large. The simplest fix here is to
increase the level of parallelism, so that each task's input set is smaller. Spark can efficiently
support tasks as short as 200 ms, because it reuses one executor JVM across many tasks and it has
a low task launching cost, so you can safely increase the level of parallelism to more than the
number of cores in your clusters.
Broadcasting Large Variables
Using the broadcast functionality
available in SparkContext
can greatly reduce the size of each serialized task, and the cost
of launching a job over a cluster. If your tasks use any large object from the driver program
inside of them (e.g. a static lookup table), consider turning it into a broadcast variable.
Spark prints the serialized size of each task on the master, so you can look at that to
decide whether your tasks are too large; in general tasks larger than about 20 KB are probably
worth optimizing.
Data Locality
Data locality can have a major impact on the performance of Spark jobs. If data and the code that operates on it are together then computation tends to be fast. But if code and data are separated, one must move to the other. Typically it is faster to ship serialized code from place to place than a chunk of data because code size is much smaller than data. Spark builds its scheduling around this general principle of data locality.
Data locality is how close data is to the code processing it. There are several levels of locality based on the data's current location. In order from closest to farthest:
data is in the same JVM as the running code. This is the best locality possibleNODE_LOCAL
data is on the same node. Examples might be in HDFS on the same node, or in another executor on the same node. This is a little slower thanPROCESS_LOCAL
because the data has to travel between processesNO_PREF
data is accessed equally quickly from anywhere and has no locality preferenceRACK_LOCAL
data is on the same rack of servers. Data is on a different server on the same rack so needs to be sent over the network, typically through a single switchANY
data is elsewhere on the network and not in the same rack
Spark prefers to schedule all tasks at the best locality level, but this is not always possible. In situations where there is no unprocessed data on any idle executor, Spark switches to lower locality levels. There are two options: a) wait until a busy CPU frees up to start a task on data on the same server, or b) immediately start a new task in a farther away place that requires moving data there.
What Spark typically does is wait a bit in the hopes that a busy CPU frees up. Once that timeout
expires, it starts moving the data from far away to the free CPU. The wait timeout for fallback
between each level can be configured individually or all together in one parameter; see the
parameters on the configuration page for details.
You should increase these settings if your tasks are long and see poor locality, but the default
usually works well.
This has been a short guide to point out the main concerns you should know about when tuning a Spark application – most importantly, data serialization and memory tuning. For most programs, switching to Kryo serialization and persisting data in serialized form will solve most common performance issues. Feel free to ask on the Spark mailing list about other tuning best practices.