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Auto Accidents, Personal Injury,
DUI, Misdemeanors
Spokane Attorney Russell West areas of practice include:
- Auto Accidents
- Personal Injury
- Motorcycle Accidents
- Animal Bites
- Slip and Fall Accidents
- DUIs
- Criminal Traffic
- Misdemeanors
Russell West will personally handle your case to ensure the best possible outcome and results. If you have been injured in an auto accident or personal injury at no fault of your own there are several areas in which compensation can be achieved. This can include payment for medical bills, lost wages, pain and suffering, emotional distress, and loss of enjoyment. Russell West is an experienced attorney who can achieve the best results and will work closely with you and the insurance company to obtain this goal.
If you have been arrested for a DUI you need an experienced attorney to help get the best possible plea deal or fight your case at trial. Being convicted of a DUI can have long lasting ramifications which can include jail time, fines, loss of license, alcohol treatment, and SR22 insurance. Obviously the best thing is to not drink and drive, but if you do get caught give Russell West a call to help you out.
Russell West has fair and reasonable contingency rates for auto accident and personal injury cases. DUI rates are affordable and payment plans can be worked out. Call Spokane Attorney Russell West at 509-993-0748 for a Free Consultation.
Auto Accidents and Personal Injury
If you have been injured in an auto accident at no fault of your own you are entitled to compensation. Medical bills, wage loss, pain and suffering, and loss of enjoyment are all areas you can be compensated for. Attorney Russell West is experienced at getting the insurance companies to their maximum payment. Contact Russell West from West Law Office if you have been injured and need an attorney who will work diligently to get the best results. Don't try to handle the insurance company yourself. Let Russell West do the work.
Auto accident and personal injury cases are generally taken on a contingency basis. Therefore we only receive our fee if we make you money. Russell West has fair and reasonable contingency fees.
Slip and Fall Accidents
A Slip and Fall Accident happens thousands of times every year across our nation. A slip and fall can happen almost anywhere whether in a department store, restaurant, parking lot, building, home, office building, or outside. If the accident was caused by negligence of someone else then you may have a claim to recover medical costs, pain and suffering, wage loss, and loss of enjoyment.
Insurance companies love to automatically deny slip and fall accidents as they generally claim no liability and no fault on their clients. Many attorneys will not accept slip and fall cases as they can be more difficult to prove liability. Russell West will work all angles of your slip and fall accident claim to get the best possible outcome. Call 509-993-0748 for a Free Consultation to see if you may have a valid claim.
DUIs and Criminal Traffic
A DUI is gross misdemeanor in Washington State punishable up to $5000 in fines and 364 days in jail. If you have been charged with a DUI you need an experienced attorney to represent your legal rights. It is best to contact an attorney as soon as possible after your arrest. A DUI carries both a criminal aspect through the criminal courts, as well as a civil aspect with administrative actions that can be imposed by the Washington Department of Licensing. In order to prevent an automatic license suspension there are 7 days to request a DOL hearing. Contact Attorney Russell West for a free consultation of your case. Affordable fees.
Being charged with Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol or Drugs is a gross misdemeanor in Washington State which has a penalty of up to 364 days in jail and a $5,000 fine. Receiving a DUI will stay on your record for the rest of your life and can have serious consequences in regards to license suspension, SR22 insurance, and employment implications.
Auto Accidents
Being involved in an auto accident with the risk of injury or death is something most everyone thinks and worries about but hope never happens. Unfortunately auto accidents do happen all the time and many lead to injury and death. We all have that fear of being involved in an auto accident whether at fault or not, and also the fear of having a family member involved in an auto accident. No one wants to get that call in the middle of the night being told your family member or good friend has been in an accident. This can happen to anyone and be our worst nightmare.


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Additional information
Weight | 3.17 lbs |
Dimensions | 14 × 14 × 24 in |
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The Lucey & Lucy Family History Home Page Published by Norman Lucey
s you may already know from Edward MacLysaght's work on Irish Families, the Norman name "de Lucy", originating from the town of Luce in the Orne region of Normandy, France, was prominent in Ireland in the fourteenth century; for Anthony de Lucy was Justiciar in 1332. The name also appears earlier in the Gormanston Register, at Carlingford in 1305. There is however no evidence that there are any present representatives of the de Lucy families in Ireland and it is therefore believed that we are Gaelic in origin, the surname being Ó Luasaigh in Irish. This may be a corruption of MacCluasaigh, which is now also obsolete. Around 660 the poet St. Colmán ua Cluasaigh from the monastery at Cork wrote one of the earliest examples of the written Irish language. Between 1302 and 1307 a grant was made to Thomas Ó Lousy of the Archdeaconry of Cashel. A Robert Mac Clwos of Cork obtained "English Liberty" in 1560 and later in the century several persons called MacCluosse appear in the Elizabethan Fiants living in Co. Cork. In the Fiants for 1601 are recorded a James Lowsse, Gullishie Ó Lwoshie, Tige and Donell Ó Lwosie of Muskerry and Gillpatrick Ó Lowsie of Ballivorney. Also mentioned are Gulestie Ó Lwoshie of Mashanaglas, Owliffe Ó Lwosie of Kilmidie and Shane Ó Lwosie of Ballyvoyrane; all of County Cork. In 1649 one of the "46 officers" was a Charles Lucey, listed as a commissioned officer owed arrears, who served Charles 1st. or 2nd. in the wars of Ireland prior to 5th June 1649. As Luosy it is found in the Kinsale presentments of 1712, among the "Popish" inhabitants against which execution was obtained (robbery warrants against Dennis Luocy and Tiege Luosy). In 1865 including variations in spelling, all the total number of 43 Irish birth registrations occurred in Munster, 39 in Cork. Similarly in 1890 of the 42 registrations, 35 were in Cork and 4 in Kerry. The calculated population of Irish Luceys in 1890 was 1,882. In 1876 no Luceys owned land over one acre.
rior to 1800 the Luceys were resident around Ballyvourney and Kilnamartery, both west of Macroom, Co. Cork and around the 1820's also at Inchigeelagh (Iveleary or Eveleary) further West, Ballymakeery, Clondrohid, Coolmountain, Kilmichael, Nohovaldaly and Dromtarriff (Drumtarriff), NW of Millstreet. Later in the century births were also registered in Co. Kerry - Glen Flesk, Ardfert, Castleisland and in Co. Cork - Slievereagh, Millstreet and Boherbue. Early prominent residents who left wills were Maurice Lucey (Cork City Merchant 1782), Thomas Lucey (Cork merchant and tailor 1770) and Catharine Lucey (1771 of Cork). Daniel Lucey (tobacconist and chandler) is also noted in the Macroom directory of 1824.
s you may know the difficulty with genealogical research in Ireland is that almost all parish and census records were destroyed in 1922. Between 1750 and 1800 Ireland began to suffer from a rapid over population and rural crisis. The people rented minute plots of land, with little substance and capital, known as cottiers, from tenant farmers on inferior uplands above good farming land. Rent was paid off in labour with potatoes grown for subsistence and pig fattening. An increasing number of peasants had to take conacre (land hired for a single season) at inflated rents. By 1830 only a third of the rural labourers could count on permanent employment. Seasonal migrant labour became more common, for example from West Cork to Waterford, Limerick and increasingly from the 1820's to the English haymaking and harvest seasons. As population grew, dependence on the potato grew.
heir cabins were constructed of mud and consisted of one room. 60-75% of all houses were of this type, with a hole in the wall for light, no glass and a board to stop it up, often in isolated communities of twenty houses or less. On death all holdings were sub-divided among the children. In the early 1800's coach road-building opened up West Cork and Kerry, areas previously almost completely isolated. The majority spoke Irish and were illiterate. I suspect our Lucey ancestors were caught in an Ireland of extreme poverty, social tensions and unrest.
n April 1847 there were many food riots, violence and a flight to the cities. 20,000 paupers invaded Cork City. Ireland was not a place to which to return. In May and June 1847 a M. and P. Lucey (aged 24 & 27, labourers) emigrated from Liverpool on the ships Adam-lodge and Constitution respectively to the U.S.A. Also a John (1860), John (1868), William senior and junior (1834) and Anthony (1838) were naturalized in Philadelphia. Another Lucey emigrated to San Francisco with his wife. The less well off emigrated to Liverpool, the Clyde, Swansea, Cardiff and Newport from Cork and Skibbereen and on landing literally swarmed across Britain seeking food and spreading disease, reaching Bath in November 1847 and passing through Bristol to South Wales to the West Country.
n England and Wales prior to the commencement of National records in 1836 the surname Lucey occurs almost exclusively in London (records date from 1540) and Ashburton Devon (records from 1630). The name Lucy is obviously intermixed and occurs in these areas with Dynock, Gloucestershire, the Charlecote Lucy's and their connection with Shakespeare, in addition. These appear to be separate sources of the same surname. The Devon Luceys were extinct by 1800, while the Lucey form remains today by far the most common in Ireland, the majority still resident in Co. Cork. In the 1830's and 1840's the majority still lived in Bermondsey with further families located in the City of London, Ledbury, Weymouth, Clifton and Stoke Damerel in the West, and Huddersfield in the North. Ledbury and Huddersfield appear also to be centres for the Lucy family.
n the native habitat of Ireland, which is roughly between Macroom and the Kerry border, they are rather obviously one clan, and cousinage can usually be traced from one family to another. There is even supposed to be a Lucey or physical type which is probably at least partly true. In some places they are known as the 'black Luceys'. The prefix 'O', which is found in all early records of the family, except where it is called 'Mac', is most unusual among Norman families who usually, in Gaelic, take the 'De' as in de Burgo or de Paor or other familiar names. The probability is that the Luceys were a branch or sept of the McCarthy clan, and that they were called Lucey by Normans and English to whom their name sounded like Lucy.
he earliest Irish records of the name are in the time of Queen Elizabeth and relate to legal action taken against members of the family for their part in McCarthy wars and rebellions. Here the form of the name is found earliest as Mac Luasaigh and a little later as Ó Luasaigh. There is a tradition of the Luceys coming from somewhere north of Cork to take military service with the McCarthys. If this is true, they almost certainly came from the North of Ireland or from the Isles of Scotland as the McSweeneys came. This would make them Scottish or North of Ireland Gaels and it has been suggested that there is something a little foreign or exotic, in a Cork sense, about the Luceys as a whole. If they came down as gallowglasses with the McSweeneys at that time to take service with the McCarthys, it is possible that the name is cognate or related to the name McCluskey which is found in Limerick, Galway, Donegal and Scotland, and which is quite probably a gallowglass name.
hat is certain is that the name goes back in West Cork at least as far as the sixteenth century and has always been connected with McCarthy lands and McCarthy fortunes. The usual Cork spelling of the surname is of course LUCEY. If the name is Norman, this is incorrect. If it is Gaelic, one takes one's choice of two Anglicisations LUCEY or LUCY.
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La traduction en français / Übersetzung auf Deutsche
This family history website has 708 pages of detailed information including a database of 12,106 individuals and 3,737 marriagesover 37 generations with 2,336 different surnames. This page first published 1999 and last revised 2nd June 2024
Search this site powered by FreeFind Site Map What's New Name Search
The information on this site is alsoavailable in book format for future reference
Follow Lucey Family History on Twitter
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Audio Control:
Understanding SC 1.4.2
1.4.2 Audio Control: If any audio on a Web page plays automatically for more than 3 seconds, either a mechanism is available to pause or stop the audio, or a mechanism is available to control audio volume independently from the overall system volume level. (Level A)
Note: Since any content that does not meet this success criterion can interfere with a user's ability to use the whole page, all content on the Web page (whether or not it is used to meet other success criteria) must meet this success criterion. See Conformance Requirement 5: Non-Interference.
Intent of this Success Criterion
Individuals who use screen reading software can find it hard to hear the speech output if there is other audio playing at the same time. This difficulty is exacerbated when the screen reader's speech output is software based (as most are today) and is controlled via the same volume control as the sound. Therefore, it is important that the user be able to turn off the background sound. Note: Having control of the volume includes being able to reduce its volume to zero.
Note: Playing audio automatically when landing on a page may affect a screen reader user's ability to find the mechanism to stop it because they navigate by listening and automatically started sounds might interfere with that navigation. Therefore, we discourage the practice of automatically starting sounds (especially if they last more than 3 seconds), and encourage that the sound be started by an action initiated by the user after they reach the page, rather than requiring that the sound be stopped by an action of the user after they land on the page.
See also Understanding Success Criterion 1.4.7 Low or No Background Audio.
Specific Benefits of Success Criterion 1.4.2:
Individuals who use screen reading technologies can hear the screen reader without other sounds playing. This is especially important for those who are hard of hearing and for those whose screen readers use the system volume (so they cannot turn sound down and screen reader up).
This Success Criterion also benefits people who have difficulty focusing on visual content (including text) when audio is playing.
Examples of Success Criterion 1.4.2
An audio file begins playing automatically when a page is opened. However, the audio can be stopped by the user by selecting a "silent" link at the top of the page.
A Flash splash page with sound that plays and then stops in less than 3 seconds.
A Flash splash page with sound that plays automatically includes a control at the top that allows users to turn the sound off.
Related Resources
Resources are for information purposes only, no endorsement implied.
(none currently documented)
Techniques and Failures for Success Criterion 1.4.2 - Audio Control
Each numbered item in this section represents a technique or combination of techniques that the WCAG Working Group deems sufficient for meeting this Success Criterion. However, it is not necessary to use these particular techniques. For information on using other techniques, see Understanding Techniques for WCAG Success Criteria, particularly the "Other Techniques" section.
Sufficient Techniques
G60: Playing a sound that turns off automatically within three seconds
SL24: Using AutoPlay to Keep Silverlight Media from Playing Automatically (Silverlight)
FLASH18: Providing a control to turn off sounds that play automatically in Flash (Flash)
FLASH34: Turning off sounds that play automatically when an assistive technology is detected (Flash)
SL3: Controlling Silverlight MediaElement Audio Volume (Silverlight)
Additional Techniques (Advisory) for 1.4.2
Although not required for conformance, the following additional techniques should be considered in order to make content more accessible. Not all techniques can be used or would be effective in all situations.
Providing a site-wide preference to turn off audio in addition to providing a control near the top of the Web page that turns off sounds that play automatically (future link)
Common Failures for SC 1.4.2
The following are common mistakes that are considered failures of Success Criterion 1.4.2 by the WCAG Working Group.
Key Terms
- mechanism
process or technique for achieving a result
Note 1: The mechanism may be explicitly provided in the content, or may be relied upon to be provided by either the platform or by user agents, including assistive technologies.
Note 2: The mechanism needs to meet all success criteria for the conformance level claimed.


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When North Korea released three U.S. prisoners last Wednesday amid increased engagement with Washington, the families of U.S. citizens detained in Iran couldn't help but wonder about prospects for their own loved ones. Just a day earlier, the U.S. withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal and reimposed economic sanctions on Iran. For the detainees' relatives, it has been a painful and uncertain time.
"The release of the three Americans from North Korea — I saw the news, I cried," said Hua Qu, whose husband, Xiyue Wang, a Princeton University graduate student and naturalized U.S. citizen, has languished in an Iranian jail since 2016. "I cried for their families, I feel so happy for them. I hope Secretary [of State Mike] Pompeo and President Trump, they can do the same for my husband — they can bring him home."
But former diplomats warn that the Trump administration's decision to pull out of the Iran nuclear deal will complicate efforts to free American citizens detained in Iran.
"The hard-liners in Iran are much strengthened by our pulling out from the Iran nuclear deal," said former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Bill Richardson, who has negotiated the release of U.S. prisoners from countries including North Korea, Sudan and Iraq. Concessions to the U.S., he said, are unlikely.
"I think [Iranian President Hassan] Rouhani would probably be toppled if he showed any concession to the U.S. right now," Richardson said. "Rouhani and his moderates are already in deep trouble."
In addition to Wang — who was apprehended while conducting research for his Princeton history dissertation and sentenced to 10 years in prison on charges of espionage — at least four Americans are in Iranian custody:
Robert Levinson, a retired FBI agent, also vanished during a visit to Iran's Kish Island in 2007. It is unclear whether he's still alive, but earlier this year, on the 11th anniversary of his disappearance, the FBI renewed its call for Iran to return him.
Ever since the Iran nuclear deal, known officially as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, came into force in 2015, signatories have met periodically to assess its implementation. On the sidelines of those meetings, American officials occasionally raised the cases of the Americans held in Iran.
"Last March was the most recent JCPOA meeting when the U.S. government raised my husband's case to Iranian officials," said Qu, who lives in Princeton, N.J., with their 5-year-old son. "Since March, there hasn't been any update."
The prisoners' prospects may now depend on global powers still in the agreement, including France, Germany, the United Kingdom, China and Russia.
"I think the key is going to be getting those American allies with whom the Iranians want to preserve a relationship to take up this issue," said Dennis Ross, a longtime U.S. diplomat and one of President Barack Obama's most influential advisers on Iran and the Middle East. "That's probably the best bet we have to try to get the prisoners released."
In other words, he said, "It will have to be through the Europeans."
European foreign ministers met with Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif in Brussels on Tuesday to discuss ways to preserve the Iran deal.
In a May 10 interview with CBS This Morning, Vice President Pence said, "I believe we are always interested in opportunities to bring Americans home," but he said the U.S. "sent a pretty strong message" to Iran by pulling out of the Iran deal. Pence dangled "the possibility of a new deal" with Iran, saying such a deal "may create opportunities for not only addressing the issue of Americans that are detained in Iran, but also checking the extraordinary malign influence and support for terrorism that Iran continues to propagate across the region."
The relatives of the detainees simply want their loved ones back home.
"I haven't had any difficulty in engaging the White House," Babak Namazi, whose brother and father are both imprisoned in Iran, told reporters in Washington last week."My difficulty, of course, is that I define success only by one element, and that's their freedom. So, so far, I've failed. I've failed as a son and as a brother to get my family released."
He and the other families insist their relatives are innocent. "This is about an innocent person's life and freedom and faith in his own country," says Qu, "and I hope our country can do more to bring him back."
Editor's note on May 21: This story has been edited to remove a quote from Hua Qu about whether her husband might fast during Ramadan. After publication, she clarified that she had meant to speak about what he did last year.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Maloney (1632)
Hello, I'm Maloney and I'm 23 years old. In my free time, I love meeting men. You all are so amazing, that I cannot stop reveling in your bodies and admiring the way you behave around us, girls. My greatest pleasure is the moment of entering me, when we connect together and reach the top. Also, you are so delicious, I can`t stop dreaming about licking your body. I can't wait anymore, call me right now!


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General questions
What is XR?
Extinction Rebellion (XR) is an international, politically non-partisan movement using non-violent direct action to persuade governments to act justly on the climate and ecological crisis.
XR is an autonomous, decentralized movement. Anyone who agrees with and adheres to our 10 Principles & Values and three core Demands can act in the name of XR. The 10 Principles & Values not only frame everything we do, but also empower us in creating a new way of interacting and organizing.
What is regenerative culture?
Regenerative Culture in XR is all about care, respect, and compassion. Treating other people like people. It is at the heart of XR, right alongside nonviolence. And the two overlap. A group cannot be XR without Regen. Regenerative culture focuses on mutual support through:
Self-care — how we take care of our own needs and personal recovery from this toxic system.
Action care — how we take care of each other whilst we undertake direct actions and civil disobedience together.
Interpersonal care — how we take care of the relationships we have, being mindful of how we affect each other, taking charge of our side of relationships.
Community care — how we take care of our development as a network and community, strengthening our connections and understanding of our principles and values.
People and planet care — how we look after our wider communities and the earth that sustains us all.
More information can be found in our Regen 101 Booklet
Can the Principles & Values be taken individually or changed?
No, the Principles & Values are not siloed or separate. They all interact with each other and none can be left out or deprioritized. We are creating a new space, a new movement, and our Principles & Values are a core part of this.
Does autonomy and decentralisation mean groups or individuals can do whatever they want?
No, in order to act in the name of XR, groups and individuals must adhere to each and every one of the 10 Principles & Values and have the 3 core Demands.
What unites all XR groups across the world is the idea that change is needed to deal with our climate and ecological crisis, and that we must organize and act to ensure government and business act as if the truth were real.
Autonomy also means responsibility. As XR does not have a headquarters, issues cannot be escalated. GS provides tools, resources, and guidance if and when issues arise or other support is needed, but does not act as a governance structure.
Working in this decentralized, self-organizing way is new for many of us. Take an SOS training locally or online to learn more.
Getting involved
How can I join or contact my local, regional, or national XR group?
Find all active local, regional, and national groups on this map. If your group is not on the map, you can add/update the map.
There is no group near me, can I still contribute?
Definitely! There are a number of ways to do this, you can start your own group, join the Global Support, and/or donate to the movement.
Do I have to get arrested?
No. This is not a universal XR tactic. The situations in different countries and for different groups of people within countries are very different, with different risks and impact. It is not a requirement to be arrestable to be in XR. With the principle of autonomy, individuals and groups decide what is right for them and what makes sense in their context. There are also many roles within XR (such as tech or regenerative culture) that are crucial to the movement succeeding that do not require being arrestable.
How can I add my group to rebellion.global?
If your group is not on rebellion.global already, you can add/update it here.
How can I add my event to rebellion.global?
If your group is already on rebellion.global any events on social media will be added automatically, you don't need to do anything. If youre event still isn't showing up, please check that the event on social media has a valid street address. If your group is on rebellion.global and your event has a valid street address, please contact our web team
Getting in touch
Where can I direct a media enquiry?
Kindly direct all media enquires for Extinction Rebellion here.
Where can I direct a question or enquiry about this website?
Kindly fill in this contact form to get in touch with the Web Team.
Where can I share my project or idea?
Please go to the facebook group XR News and Discussions and/or join your group where you can access other national and global platforms.
We regret that we are unable to publicise non-XR events, books, films or songs.
Materials are not available in my language. How can I request a translation or offer translations support?
XR is a global movement and we are working to have materials and rebellion.global available in more and more lanagues. If you would like to request a specific translation or can offer services as a translator, please let us know through this contact form.
I want XR To address a certain problem or adopt a particular strategy. Where can I direct or share this?
Contacts via this website are picked up by Global Support and our role is to support XR groups around the world. We are not a decision-making body for XR. In fact, there is no such body. Any person or group is free to operate as an XR group as long as they adhere to the Principles and Values. Please feel free to connect with other rebels who may share the same goals via the facebook group XR News and Discussions or other national and international platforms that can be accessed via your group.
I have a solution to the climate and ecological crisis. Where can I present or share this?
Our third demand on the creation of a Citizens' Assembly addresses the need for democratically chosen solutions, therefore we do not propose or endorse specific solutions ourselves. We already know most of the threats and solutions; so do the authorities, so do the scientists and so do business and industry. XR's job is to get action and to take action. We wish you the best of luck in your endeavours to create a better world.
How can I complain about an XR action?
We may or may not agree every time on the approach that Extinction Rebellion uses to keep the attention of the world on the looming ecological catastrophe and climate crisis, but we feel compelled to continue to act.
Each national and group within Extinction Rebellion is able to decide for themselves how they will keep these vital and life-threatening topics in the public arena.
They do not have to seek permission to plan and carry out their specific local actions as long as they stick to the core principles.
Consequently if an action you seek to make a complaint about was initiated by a local, regional, national or affinity group you should attempt to communicate with them directly. You can do that by searching for them on this map or on Facebook. We at Global Support do not plan or influence actions.
Global Support
What is Global Support?
Global Support is Extinction Rebellion's international support body for Extinction Rebellion groups internationally, facilitating the flow of resources and material between groups and offering support in the form of training, funding and general comms. Global Support offers the resources to start and support the growth of Extinction Rebellion groups across the world based on their local needs and strategies.
One thing Global Support is not is a headquarters or a decision-making body for the entire movement. Global Support can facilitate global decision-making, such as the next international rebellion date, but are not the ultimate deciders.
Global Support is structured around SOS (self organizing system). Power is invested in roles through the use of mandates rather than held by people. It is a creative system that grows in response to the organization's needs. At a very high level, each working group has a specific mandate and anything within that mandate they just get done, without needing to consult all other working groups. This allows us to move and work quickly without having to rely on traditional hierarchies of decision-making. Groups have internal and external coordinators who facilitate internal work and communicate with other working groups, respectively. There is also much collaborative work happening across and between working groups.
Who is in Global Support?
All Global Support working groups and active project groups can be found on our Glassfrog (Glassfrog is a tool to visualize our SOS structure). You can find the Mattermost handles of Global Support working group members and team contact emails there.
How does Global Support make decisions?
For anything within a working group mandate, the working group makes the decision themselves, getting as much or as little feedback as they feel is necessary using some form of the Advice Process. For decisions beyond a single working group mandate, proposals can be brought up in wider circle calls which employ an integrated decision making process that intends to support collaboration and creativity by needing all proposals to pass with 'no objection'.
Does XR Global Support support more than the three demands?
Yes, Global Support supports groups who have the three core demands and additional demands, provided they do not conflict with the three core demands or any of the Principles & Values.
Can Global Support decide what groups are XR or not?
Global Support does not decide whether a group is XR or not, what decides that is whether a group is living and applying the 10 Principles & Values and working towards the 3 core Demands. Global Support Regional Liaisons work with groups to ensure they have the right tools and training to apply these and can advise on whether groups are doing so or otherwise.
Can Global Support decide who is a member of a local or national XR group?
No, only those in the local or national groups can decide that. Global Support can provide advice on creating constitutions, decision-making processes, and conflict mediation, but not play judge.
How does Global Support know what is happening in groups? How can groups get in touch with Global Support working groups?
Global Support working groups have chats and channels on Mattermost to ensure there are direct communication links and many also have open calls. This provides a space for feedback, questions, and idea sharing between groups as well as with Global Support working groups.
Regional Liaisons are also a key communication bridge between groups and Global Support. If there are any updates from Global Support, for example a new grant round, Global Support Regional Liaisons are responsible for ensuring all groups in their region get the information. If a group needs something, for example a server or specific training, they can ask the Global Support Regional Liaison for support in finding this. Global Support Regional Liaisons also review grant applications to advise on whether groups are in keeping with the 10 Principles & Values and whether based on the size and development of the group the amount makes sense.
Do Global Support members get paid?
Some members of Global Support receive a stipend to help cover living expenses.
Finance & Funding
Where does the Money provided in grant rounds come from?
Funding can come from our Crowdfunder or specific funders. The source of funds is always shared as part of the grant round documentation, groups are encouraged to do their own research and make their own decision.
Can groups do their own fundraising?
Yes, this is very encouraged. Find Guidance on setting up a Finance and Fundraising Team here. We do not want groups to become dependent on Global Support's fundraising - we are a decentralized network. We aim to only seed fund the needs of XR groups internationally based on their requests.


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Businesses' strategic imperative to optimize human capital is creating significant energy in the market for applications used to attract, optimize and retain talent. Amid all the recent acquisitions and changes that I have been writing about in this field, SumTotal Systems seems to get less attention than its size and the reach of its business merit. The company has more than 45 million users, with more than 15 million of them operating in a cloud computing environment spanning more than 3,500 customer companies worldwide. Its investments in 2011 in mobile, social learning and workforce analytics software have become part of its HCM portfolio, as have its acquisitions of CyberShift to expand into workforce management and Accero for payroll, benefits and analytic content. The company has done a good job of extending its portfolio while improving the user experience for its customers.
SumTotal last month unveiled the 2012 release of its HCM application suite. Building on the factors I discussed in my analysis from late in 2011 at its analyst summit, the company has fulfilled its promise to expand and integrate its suite of applications to support the growing demand for a unified suite of HCM applications from a single vendor. One of SumTotal's unique differences is that it offers HRMS, talent management and workforce management applications that can be used by a range of employees, from top executives to front-line hourly workers. It also offers payroll, benefits and expense management. The software's point of interface is TalentPortal, which provides a role-based interface and single sign-on to the underlying applications in the TalentHub, which integrates common services and data across applications. SumTotal should communicate more about these two applications, since they are key differentiators in its unification of applications and the manageability of its underlying platform.
Another strong area for SumTotal Systems is its learning management system (LMS). The company has made it simpler to register and review job applicants. It has significant improvements for administrators in the areas of configuration, certification, reporting and overall design. SumTotal also has integrated its acquired workforce management software into the overall suite and platform, and can present the capabilities of its talent management and learning management offerings within a common user experience. Improvements in the management of absence and leave give users the ability to build schedules by selecting the right worker with specific skills for specific shifts. All these improvements in the user experience and usability are critical; usability is the number-one evaluation criteria for applications in business today, according to our benchmark research across thousands of organizations.
In its talent management suite, SumTotal has made it easier to manage ratings toward company and departmental goals and objectives, improved the application's workflow and provided editing of goals. It enables faster comparison in succession planning on specific positions. Integration with Microsoft SharePoint is improved. Companies can customize the branding of the applications to better integrate them into their own look and feel. The workforce analytics application is especially powerful, with a significant amount of content and depth in analytics and metrics. It has embedded IBM Cognos to provide a robust set of interactive capabilities on platforms from browsers to mobile devices such as Apple's iPhone.
SumTotal Systems has entered a new phase with the breadth and depth of its application suite. I have spoken with many of its global customers, who said they like the ability to expand with the company's software as they replace legacy or one-off purchases of other applications.
However, the company still faces challenges with brand and product awareness for its breadth and depth of offering, though it provides what appears to be a more robust offering than others, such as Oracle and SAP to name a few, which recently acquired Taleo and SuccessFactors, respectively, and are integrating these offerings with their existing applications. Both of these companies realized the importance of expansion which was part of inspiring them to be acquired and help Oracle and SAP efforts.
SumTotal Systems has wisely been investing in its mobile technology capabilities, especially with its LMS offering, where it can support natively 11 languages. It will need to advance further to support manager applications on leading tablets like Apple and Android based devices and must improve its social collaboration capabilities across its entire suite to help enhance employee engagement. One of the places it should improve is in social recruiting; using social media as a talent pool requires specific capabilities, as we found in our recent social recruiting benchmark research. SumTotal's choice of cloud computing, hosted and on-premises is attractive to organizations that are not fully on-board with renting software on the Internet.
Despite some areas for improvements, SumTotal Systems is a vendor to reckon with in the market for human capital management. The company has a significant opportunity to be a strategic supplier to not just HR but to CFOs and heads of business that realize that applications and information about their workforce complement the activities within the business processes, since they reveal who the right engaged and skilled people are in the effort to achieve business objectives. To sum it all up, if you have not looked at what SumTotal offers, especially with its 2012 releases, you may be pleasantly surprised to see what is available from a single human capital management application supplier.
Mark Smith – CEO & Chief Research Officer
Mark Smith is the Partner, Head of Software Research at ISG and Ventana Research leading the global market agenda as a subject matter expert in digital business and enterprise software. Mark is a digital technology enthusiast using market research and insights to educate and inspire enterprises, software and service providers.
Ventana Research's Analyst Perspectives are fact-based analysis and guidance on business,
Each is prepared and reviewed in accordance with Ventana Research's strict standards for accuracy and objectivity and reviewed to ensure it delivers reliable and actionable insights. It is reviewed and edited by research management and is approved by the Chief Research Officer; no individual or organization outside of Ventana Research reviews any Analyst Perspective before it is published. If you have any issue with an Analyst Perspective, please email them to email@example.com


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On Tuesday, former National Security Advisor Michael Flynn shared a petition on Twitter which called on President Donald Trump to temporarily suspend the constitution and declare Martial Law to enact a re-vote of the 2020 election.
"The petition, published Tuesday by the Ohio-based non-profit group We The People Convention, said there was "no peaceful way left to preserve our Union" following President-elect Joe Biden's electoral victory and urged Trump to exercise his "extraordinary authority" to avert a second civil war," the Daily Caller reports.
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"Limited Martial Law is clearly a better option than Civil War!" said a letter from the petition.
"Freedom never kneels except for God," Flynn captioned a tweet with the petition attached.
The letter that came with the petition urged President Trump to act like President Abraham Lincoln did at the beginning of the Civil War in the 1860s, including:
- Ordering "hundreds of Northern newspapers that spoke against him to be shut down and their owners and editors arrested."
- Ordering the arrest of an Ohio congressman "for the crime of speaking out against him."
- Signing an arrest warrant for the then-Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who ruled that Lincoln had illegally suspended the Writ of Habeas Corpus.
- Ordering the arrest of thousands of Maryland citizens "for the crime of 'suspected Southern sympathies,"' some of whom were held in military prisons without trial for years.
"Many will object to these actions, as they did in Lincoln's day, but we assure you that We the People understand that no less action will suffice to prevent the loss of our Constitutional right to vote and preserve our Republic," the letter said.
Georgia-based attorney Lin Wood also shared the petition on Twitter.
"Good morning. Our country is headed to civil war. A war created by 3rd party bad actors for their benefit – not for We The People. Communist China is leading the nefarious efforts to take away our freedom. @realDonaldTrump should declare martial law," Wood wrote on Monday.
Akron, OH: Today, Tom Zawistowski, President of the TEA Party affiliated We the People Convention (WTPC) and Executive Director of the Portage County TEA Party, published a full page ad in the Washington Times newspaper demanding that President Trump Invoke limited Martial law in order to allow the U.S. Military to oversee a new free and fair federal election if Legislators, Courts and the Congress do not follow the Constitution. …
The Ad compares the Extraordinary Executive actions implemented by President Abraham Lincoln in his efforts to save the Union during the Civil War and the literal civil war that is dividing our nation today. Without full confidence that our courts or Congress will indeed follow the 12th Amendment of the Constitution and defend our electoral process, the ad calls upon President Trump, like Lincoln, to exercise the Extraordinary Powers of his office and declare limited Martial Law to temporarily suspend the Constitution and civilian control of these federal elections in order to have the military implement a national re-vote that reflects the true will of the people. Federal candidates only. Paper ballots. No computers. Hand-counted with both parties watching every vote. Only registered voters. Photo ID to prove residence. Conducted safely with everyone wearing masks and six feet apart, just like we did in Ohio.
In the months following the start of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln struggled to preserve the Union. Many objected to Lincoln's extraordinary use of Presidential authority, in particular his suspension of the right of "Habeas Corpus". On June 12, 1863 Lincoln defended his extreme measures in a letter published in the New York Times. Citing Article I of the Constitution he argued: "Ours is a case of rebellion…in fact, a clear, flagrant, and gigantic case of rebellion; and the provision of the Constitution that 'the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it', is the provision which specifically applies to our present case." Lincoln used the same reasoning in justifying a series of extraordinary Presidential Orders:
- Lincoln ordered hundreds of Northern newspapers that spoke against him to be shut down and their owners and editors arrested.
- Lincoln ordered the arrest of Ohio Congressman Clement Vallandigham for the crime of speaking out against him.
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- Chief Justice of the US Roger Taney ruled that Lincoln had violated the US Constitution when he illegally suspended the Writ of Habeas Corpus. After hearing this Lincoln signed an arrest warrant to have the Chief Justice of the U.S. arrested.
- Lincoln ordered the arrest of thousands in Maryland for the crime of "suspected Southern sympathies" including ordering the arrest of US Congressman Henry May from Maryland. These people were arrested and held in military prisons, without trial, some of them for years.
While some debate these measures still today, no one disagrees that Lincoln and his use of Presidential power were responsible for saving the Republic. While History, and even former President Obama, has judged Lincoln as perhaps our greatest President, few would have agreed at the time he took those actions. Then, as now, a President with courage and determination was needed to preserve the Union. Today, the current threat to our United States by the international and domestic socialist/communist left is much more serious than anything Lincoln or our nation has faced in its history – including the civil war.
We have well-funded, armed and trained marxists in ANTIFA and BLM strategically positioned in our major cities acting openly with violence to silence opposition to their anti-American agenda. Attacking federal buildings and police, cowardly punching innocent people in the back of the head, assaulting people just eating in restaurants, and burning minority-owned businesses to the ground. All with elected officials in Democrat/Socialist-controlled cities openly encouraging this planned violence against civilians and businesses. Then, to advance their cause, these socialists are acting to "Defund the Police," creating chaos and suspending the rule of law that protects millions of average, and particularly minority, Americans. The results being massive increases in violent crime and deaths in our cities and the destruction of small businesses orchestrated by those politicians and leftist groups, many funded by domestic and international communists. We are literally under attack from within!
Then there are admitted Democrat/Socialist federal officials plotting to finish gutting the US Constitution after 100 years of trying. They promise to take away critical individual rights like free speech, religious freedom and the 2nd Amendment; destroy states rights by eliminating the electoral college and more; pack the Supreme Court with activist anti-constitutionalist judges who will make law from the bench; give the right to vote to tens of millions of non-Americans; and open our borders to more illegals which will reduce wages. No one voted for these things that were hidden from the majority of Americans by the corrupt media. Not only do we have corrupt media, like in Lincoln's day, we have a new and more sinister form of media in Big Tech, actively censoring free speech and promoting leftist propaganda to blind our citizens to their real goals and the real consequences of their actions – the end of America as we have known it.
The Socialist Left has been openly working to destroy the United States since Obama promised and tried to "transform" America in 2008-16, and having been stopped by the will of the American people, they openly staged a four year long coup attempt to remove the duly elected President. Culminating in this corrupt and provably fraudulent current election planned to illegally and un-constitutionally deny the American people their most sacred honor, right and privilege – which is the right to elect their Representatives! How can we have a Representative Republic if we cannot hold fair elections to elect our Representatives? There is no doubt that this attempted stealing of these elections again "is a case of rebellion…in fact, a clear, flagrant, and gigantic case of rebellion" that requires exercising extraordinary authority to preserve our Union.
President Trump, you and every other official in our local, state and federal governments, and everyone in law enforcement and in our military have sworn an oath that says "I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic." It is time for everyone who swore that oath to act upon it. The enemies are within our gates and our Constitution and Nation are in real risk of being lost to this socialist/communist invasion unless you act decisively.
At least half of all Americans do not and will not accept this fraudulent election because of the eyewitness testimony, and the material, statistical and mathematical evidence of OVERWHELMING fraud. The other half will not accept the outcome if the courts see the evidence of fraud and rightfully overturn the election! The Left has literally been planning riots just for that occasion for months. We the People must not and WILL NOT cede our exclusive Constitutional right to elect our Representatives to judges, lawyers, courts, Governors, Secretary's of State, Congress, corrupt election officials and local politicians, the corrupt media – or Leftist threats of violence! It is OUR EXCLUSIVE RIGHT to decide our Representatives not theirs! Therefore, We the People MUST demand a NEW and fair national vote, a vote that all Americans can trust and live by regardless of the winner! Without a fair vote, we fear, with good reason, the threat of a shooting civil war is imminent. Gun sales are at an all time high and 40% are first time gun owners looking to defend themselves, their property, and their rights. Therefore, Mr. President you must act now before there is no peaceful way left to preserve our Union.
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When the legislators, courts and/or Congress fail to do their duty under the 12th Amendment, you must be ready Mr. President to immediately declare a limited form of Martial Law, and temporarily suspend the Constitution and civilian control of these federal elections, for the sole purpose of having the military oversee a national re-vote. A vote that assures a fair election in every jurisdiction and reflects the true will of the people. Federal candidates only. Paper ballots. No computers. Hand-counted with both parties watching every vote. Only registered voters. Photo ID to prove residence. Conducted safely with everyone wearing masks and six feet apart, just like we did in Ohio. Only then can the winning candidate be accepted as legitimate by a true majority of We the People who must give our consent to be justly governed! Unfortunately we are at a point where we can only trust our military to do this because our corrupt political class and courts have proven their inability to act fairly and within the law.
You must also act, like Lincoln did, to silence the destructive media's one-sided propaganda designed and proven to influence the election outcome, and end the unlawful censorship of Big Tech, to restore the confidence of the American People in our electoral process or we cannot continue as a nation. Failure to do so could result in massive violence and destruction on a level not seen since the Civil War. Limited Martial Law is clearly a better option than Civil War!
Many will object to these actions, as they did in Lincoln's day, but we assure you that We the People understand that no less action will suffice to prevent the loss of our Constitutional right to vote and preserve our Republic. It is time to honor your oath, Mr. President. It is time for you to boldly act to save our nation as Lincoln did. We the People will support a national re-vote. We will also have no other choice but to take matters into our own hands, and defend our rights on our own, if you do not act within your powers to defend us.
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What are your thoughts? Let us know in the comments below!


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Feb 23
Vendors I'll Be Checking Out At HIMSS14
The following is a list of organizations I'll personally be visiting with at HIMSS14, along with several others. Each has a compelling story and I'm looking forward to learning more about them.
Any thoughts on who you think I might be missing, or have overlooked?
AirStrip provides a complete, vendor and data source agnostic enterprise-wide clinical mobility solution, which enables clinicians to improve the health of individuals and populations. With deep clinical expertise and strong roots in mobile technology and data integration, AirStrip is empowering the nation's leading health systems as the industry continues to evolve to new business models, accountable care and shared risk. Based in San Antonio, Texas, AirStrip allows health systems to unlock the full potential of their existing technology investments with a complete mobility solution that provides access to critical patient data across the care continuum. AirStrip is backed by investments from Sequoia Capital, Qualcomm, Inc., Hospital Corporation of America (HCA) and the Wellcome Trust. AirStrip's customers includes HCA, Texas Health Resources, Vanguard Health Systems (part of Tenet Healthcare Corporation), Dignity Health and Ardent Health Services.
Allscripts delivers the insights that healthcare providers require to generate world-class outcomes. The company's Electronic Health Record, practice management and other clinical, revenue cycle, connectivity and information solutions create a Connected Community of Health for physicians, hospitals and post-acute organizations.
Axial's products improve the quality of patient care, and reduce the cost of providing it, by credentialing the most qualified providers, delivering point of care decision support tools, and utilizing a 360-degree cloud-based predictive model to stratify risk and quantify outcomes. Axial furthers the IHI Triple Aim of driving healthcare value by developing cost-effective, quality-based treatment pathways combined with seamless IT and workflow integration.


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Updated at 4:55 p.m. ET
At issue is the arrest last week of Devyani Khobragade, India's deputy consul general in New York.
She is accused of using false documents to get a work visa for her Manhattan housekeeper. Indian media reports say she was arrested and handcuffed last Thursday as she dropped off her daughter at school. The reports say she was kept in a cell with "drug addicts" before posting $250,000 bail. The U.S. Marshals Office confirms a report that Khobragade, 39, was strip-searched, according to Reuters.
Prosecutors in New York say Khobragade, 39, said she'd pay the Indian maid $9.75 an hour, but actually paid her a little more than $3. She faces up to 10 years in prison. Khobragade has pleaded not guilty, and plans to challenge her arrest on the grounds of diplomatic immunity.
Reaction in India to her arrest was harsh, and the government outlined retaliatory measures against U.S. diplomats: It withdrew all airport passes and stopped import clearances for the U.S. Embassy, the semi-official Press Trust of India reported.
Here are some other steps, as outlined by PTI:
-- Barriers near the U.S. Embassy are being removed.
-- The government has also sought key information such as salaries paid to all Indian staff employed at the consulates, and also how much consulate officers and families pay domestic staff.
-- It has asked the U.S. to provide it with visa information and other details of all teachers at U.S. schools as well as salary and bank accounts of Indians in these schools.
-- It has also stopped all import clearances for the U.S. Embassy, including for liquor.
A "senior Indian diplomat" told The Hinduthat the government could retaliate against the gay partners of U.S. diplomats.
"We also know who all have brought in their gay partners and on what grounds they were given visas though there is a law against it in India," the official said. "We can't talk about it because this law is controversial and outdated but if the U.S. wants to go to this extent, then this law and several other options are there."
Last week, India's Supreme Court reinstated a colonial-era ban on homosexual acts.
A more complete list of steps can be found here.
Indian government officials refused to meet a visiting congressional delegation. India's National Security Adviser Shivshankar Menon called Khobragade's arrest "despicable and barbaric."
At the State Department in Washington, spokeswoman Marie Harf said Monday that standard diplomatic procedures were followed during the arrest. She said:
"Under the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, the Indian deputy consul general enjoys immunity from the jurisdiction of U.S. courts only with respect to acts performed in the exercise of consular functions. Again, there's different kinds of immunity. This isn't just in the U.S.; it's all around the world. So in this case, she fell under that specific kind of immunity, and would be liable to arrest pending trial pursuant a felony arrest warrant."
The Associated Press provides says "the treatment and pay of household staff [in India] ... is largely seen as a family issue, off-limits to the law." And the news agency provides context for why Khobragade's arrest has touched a nerve in India.
The "reaction may look outsized in the United States, but the case touches on a string of issues that strike deeply in India, where the fear of public humiliation resonates strongly and heavy-handed treatment by the police is normally reserved for the poor. For an educated, middle-class woman to face public arrest and a strip search is almost unimaginable, except in the most brutal crimes."
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Description: 9 inch (23 cm) diameter wall-mounted mirror that can be tilted vertically and horizontally due to a brushed nickel -or chrome- double arm that extends up to 39 centimeters (15 3/15 inches).
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Please allow 2-3 weeks for delivery.
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In 1875, Brot creates and patents an absolutely revolutionary mirror, the triple mirror which immediately acquires a worldwide reputation. This is the mirror that the Connoisseur simply call 'un miroir Brot'. Some pieces are unique, being produced to client's own specification, many others are made in bulk, but all retain the hallmark of the Brot Tradition. The consistent and unequalled quality of Brot's mirrors sets as worldwide reference.
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Use our online update services (also embedded in most recent versions of MetrO, e.g. for iPhone, Android, BlackBerry, Bada...) or download the "temporary" files here:
- Paris-travaux (complete rail network)
- Paris-full-travaux (subway, RER and inner city bus networks).
Next update planned on (or around) February 7th, at the latest.


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(I note that Roger concedes in comments here that one can take different roles on different issues. This is important and somewhat helpful to his thesis, but raises many new questions.)
One fundamental flaw here is that there is no distinction possible in Roger's taxonomy between "scientific advocate" and "pseudoscientific advocate". There is no role for a scientist responding to untruths or misrepresentations posing as science. The "honest broker" simply reports on alternatives, and makes no choice among them. The "advocate" promotes a particular set of choices and makes no attempt at balance. The political process weighs the various evidence streams and chooses a course of action. This is a lawyer's model of how ideas contend, not a scientist's.
Placed up against this is Steve Schneider's infamous quotation:
On the one hand, as scientists we are ethically bound to the scientific method, in effect promising to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but – which means that we must include all doubts, the caveats, the ifs, ands and buts. On the other hand, we are not just scientists but human beings as well. And like most people we'd like to see the world a better place, which in this context translates into our working to reduce the risk of potentially disastrous climate change. To do that we need to get some broad based support, to capture the public's imagination. That, of course, means getting loads of media coverage. So we have to offer up scary scenarios, make simplified, dramatic statements, and make little mention of any doubts we might have. This "double ethical bind" we frequently find ourselves in cannot be solved by any formula. Each of us has to decide what the right balance is between being effective and being honest. I hope that means being both.There are many who try to twist this into a declaration of dishonesty. (... as if dishonest people had some reason for declaring that they are dishonest!) But clearly, it isn't. It's a description of the ethical tightrope that every scientist walks at every moment he or she discusses science, especially when there are important direct implications for the public.
Roger's suggestion amounts to a claim that some of us should be effective and pay scant attention to honesty, while others should be honest and pay scant attention to effectiveness. Nobody is assigned the role of evaluating claims on a normative basis; implicitly this is for the policy sector and not for scientists. In other words, by obtaining domain expertise, we scientists apparently disqualify ourselves from participating in discussions about values. But surely that is exactly backwards.
I think I have settled on at least a partial answer to this quandary: we must distinguish between expertise and expert advice. Expertise is value neutral; expert advice isn't. But these are types of statement, not roles.
At any given moment, we must try to be clear which sort of statement we are making. But to give people two different hats and suggest that they never change them is simply to shred the communication channel at its most valuable point. If you go to pure advocates for expert advice, you will never be able to trust them. If you go to pure experts for data, you will never have anyone to offer perspective. If you dismiss anyone who does both as dishonest, you have hermetically sealed yourself against the only people capable of offering informed perspective.
If you cannot acknowledge statements from people who have both value-neutral expertise and culturally connected values, then you cannot evaluate the effectiveness of proposed policies in achieving goals. Then you can proceed to develop politically popular policies which are stupidly incompetent,
You can see this approach in full flower over at Roger's right now. Read the comments.
pix: SantaCruz.com & Cafescicolorado.org.


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By Ian Berger, JD
IRA Analyst
The recently-enacted "Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act," or CARES Act, includes special tax relief for IRA and company plan withdrawals made in 2020 and for company plan loans.
Who gets relief? Both the distribution and plan loan relief apply only to "qualified individuals." Not everyone meets this definition. The definition includes:
· individuals diagnosed with the SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 virus by a test approved by
the CDC;
· individuals whose spouse or dependent is diagnosed;
· individuals who experience "adverse financial consequences" on account of:
> being quarantined;
> being furloughed or laid off or having work hours reduced;
> being unable to work due to lack of child care; or
> closing or reducing hours of a business owned or operated by the individual.
The law gives the Secretary of the Treasury the authority to expand this definition.
Which distributions get relief? If you are a "qualified individual," up to $100,000 of distributions from IRAs and company savings plan made in 2020 are eligible for relief. IRA and company plan distributions are aggregated for this purpose.
What are the relief provisions for withdrawals? There are three withdrawal-related relief provisions. The first waives the 10% early distribution penalty. That penalty normally applies to IRA or company plan withdrawals if you are under age 59 ½, unless an exception applies. The CARES Act adds a new exception to that penalty but only if you are a "qualified individual."
The second provision provides relief if your financial situation improves and you no longer need the withdrawn funds. "Qualified individuals" can repay, tax-free, 2020 withdrawals to an IRA or company plan. Repayment must be made within three years of the date the money was received. If you have already paid taxes on a withdrawal that you later decide to repay, you can file an amended tax return to recover the taxes.
In most cases, your withdrawal will be taxable. To cushion the blow of getting hit with the entire tax in the year of distribution, the CARES Act permits you to spread any federal income tax over three years.
What are the relief provisions for loans? If you participate in a company plan that allows loans, the CARES Act increases the maximum amount of any new loan taken by September 23, 2020. If you are a "qualified individual," you can borrow up to 100% of your account balance – but no more than $100,000 (reduced by the amount of any outstanding loans). In addition, you can get a break on repaying existing loans. For repayments normally due between March 27, 2020 and December 31, 2020, you can delay repayment for a year.
It appears that these tax relief provisions are available from your plan only if your employer allows it. We expect that most companies will.


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For years, Washington's thinking on Iran has fallen into two oversimplified opposing camps. Regime apologists insist the Islamic Republic is strategically invulnerable and the United States must not only accept, but appease, the status quo. On the other side are American jingoists who rightly point to the Iranian regime's egregious behavior — human rights abuses at home and proxy bating of the U.S. and its allies regionally — and then wrongly conclude that no negotiation with the regime is warranted and that the only prudent policy is regime change in Iran.
Both were wrong in the past, and are even more harmful now when the regime is in the throes of a serious test.
The regime is strategically weak because it faces daunting challenges — from oil price changes and water shortages to a disgruntled, Internet-savvy, youthful population, led by increasingly assertive women, hampered by chronic double-digit inflation and unemployment, and angered by corruption, cronyism and the squandering of massive sums in proxy wars, particularly in Syria.
The gradual grind of the indignities of poverty and despair, despotism and double-talk, has made the political landscape ripe for explosion. Only those blind to realities on the ground are now blindsided by the wrath of the people.
The regime and its apologists still point to possible Saudi, Israeli or American roles in fueling the political fires spreading in Iran. Much of the protest ignited in small towns that were known as bastions of faith, places that lack any big-city anonymity and where no one can escape the watchful eye of "Big Brother." Surely foreign meddling might exist, but unless there is something rotten in the state of the economy and politics of a country, no "outside agitator" can wreak the kind of havoc we now see in Iran. Prudent policy and sober thinking on Iran today has to take these discordant realities into account.
No less prudent, indeed exigent, is the recognition that the work of democracy for Iran is the responsibility of the Iranian people themselves. A central part of the political discontent is with a system that says one man — Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, "appointed" by Allah — knows what is best for the country. Surely then, the notion that one country, especially the U.S., with its troubled history with Iran, can or should deliver democracy to Iran is anathema to the Iranians' dignity and democratic aspirations.
There has been far too much simplicity in perceiving President Trump's Twitter posts of support for the Iranian people. Views in the United States, and among Iranians everywhere, range from exuberant embrace of every tweet to disgusted dismissal of them all.
Critics rightly point to the Trump administration's misguided ban on visitors from mostly Muslim countries, including Iran, Trump's rants against the internationally binding nuclear deal with Iran, his near-total embrace of Saudi Arabia's regional policies (largely aimed at thwarting its rival Iran), the complicit silence on the human tragedy that is Yemen, and, finally, the president's strange decision to call the Persian Gulf the " Arabian Gulf." They submit that these facts disqualify him from offering genuine support to the Iranian people.
But Trump, however critics rightly fault his policies, is also the president of the United States. The authority and power of the office allows, indeed demands, that he offer his support for the democratic aspirations of people in Iran — a gesture that should be tempered by humility and caution, not tethered to arrogance or egotistical hubris. If the president emphasizes that Iran's future must be determined by all Iranians — including the women, the youth and all religious and ethnic minorities — with no foreign interference, his tweets will be more poignant.
No less is expected from European leaders, who need to be more vocal in opposing violence against Iran's peaceful demonstrators. One concrete way both the U.S. and Europe can help is to use their technological prowess and ensure free and unfettered access to the Internet in Iran. The regime has now declared a virtual digital martial law by slowing or shutting down the Web.
In Iran, too, a different kind of hubris is sure to force the hands of all factions caught in a dangerous situation. On the one hand, the people want to avoid turning Iran into another war-ravaged Syria. On the other, Iranian reformists have long known that the status quo is untenable yet they choose not to openly defy the supreme leader. They are cautious of the past, and were initially reluctant to support today's protest movement because of such silly claims that it is "rootless." That might well have compromised the reformists' ability to now act as caretakers for the troubled ship of state.
Most important of all, Khamenei, whose contrition is more important than anyone else's, seems by temperament unable to accept any errors. His hubris is one of the central problems in the country. He controls billions of dollars of assets, has a disproportionate share of power, is unelected and virtually unimpeachable and he is obsessed with a paranoid rhetoric that sees foreign "enemies" behind every failing of the regime he has led for three decades. His unwillingness to accept responsibility and offer words of contrition might leave the increasingly defiant people of Iran no choice but radical change.
Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.


text:
What's the big deal?
If you've ever used a profiler to look at your code you will have seen 2 profile reports typically:
- Flat profile: This is often presented as the "top X" methods/classes/packages where time (or samples, or ticks or whatever) is spent. This is useful as it immediately shows up common bottlenecks across your code, but these are shown out of context. Sometimes this is enough, but often in larger application profiles context is significant. This representation is very useful when a method with a high overall impact is called from many callsites, making each callsite cheap but the method itself significant.
- Tree profile: This profile will present you with a call tree where each method is a node with a total and self time quantity. The self measure implies the amount of time spent in the method itself(the amout of samples in which the method is the leaf), and total is for the total number of samples in which it shows up (leaf and node).
FlameGraph represents a tree profile in a single interactive SVG where:
The x-axis shows the stack profile population, sorted alphabetically (it is not the passage of time), and the y-axis shows stack depth. Each rectangle represents a stack frame. The wider a frame is is, the more often it was present in the stacks. The top edge shows what is on-CPU, and beneath it is its ancestry.Like most visualisations, it makes sense when you see it rather than explain it. Let start with data sets we can easily grasp and see what they look like.
Synthetic Samples For Starters
For instance, what does a single stack sample look like? The FlameGraphs SVG generating script takes as it's input a "collapsed stacks" file which has a dead simple format, frames separated by semi-colons followed by the number of times this stack was sampled. Here's a dummy handwritten example of a single sample file (call it sample.cstk):main;0;1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9;10 1
We can feed this to the flames (now is a good time to clone this repo and try shit out):
flamegraph.pl single-stack.cstk > single-stack.svg
Here's what a single stack trace looks like:
But a single stack trace is just one data point, not a profile. What if we had 1M samples of this same stack?
Well.. it would look pretty much the same, but if you hover over it will tell you it got 1M samples. It looks the same because we still have 100% the same stack for the whole profile. It's the same profile.
"BUT!" I hear you say, "But, colours?". Yes the colors mean nothing at this point, but will become interesting later. The default colour palate is red and the choice of colors is random, hence the different colour selection changes from run to run. Just forget colors for a second, OK?
Right, next we want to look at a set of samples with a few more stacks:
main;0;1;2;3;4;5 1
main;0;1;2;3;4;5;6 2
main;0;1;2;3;4;5;6;7 3
main;0;1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8 4
main;0;1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9 5
Now you can also get a feel for what clicking around does and how you zoom in and out.
By now I hope you get the picture for how a bunch of stacks and frequencies look with a simple data sets. Last synthtic example to look at has several root frames and a little more varied stacks. Lets try this:
main;a;1;2;3;4;5 1
main;c;1;2;3;4;5;6;7 4
main;a;1;2;3;4;5;6 2
main;c;1;2;3;4;5;6 4
main;c;1;2;3;4;5;6;8 4
main;b;1;2;3;4;5;6;7 3
main;b;1;2;3;4;5;6;8 3
main;b;1;2;3;4;5;6;9 3
main;d;1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9 5
And we get this:
Tree View vs Flames
Now that we got the hang of this flamy thing, lets take a look at the same profile using 2 presentations. The venerated tree-view and this new hipsterish whatever flame thing. The following is a profile collected using honest-profiler for a netty benchmark:Here's the FlameGraph for the same profile (I chose green, because later it makes sense):
NOTE: I made all the flame graphs in this post narrow so they fit the layout. They don't have to be this narrow. You can set the width to whatever you like, I used "--width=700" for the graphs in this post.
We can see the root frames quickly break out to main activities, with the deep netty stack now visible upfront. We can click and zoom easily. I also find the search ability which colors matching strings useful to highlight class/package participation in the profile. Prominent flat-tops indicate hot leaf methods we might want to look at.
It's perhaps a matter of taste, but I love it. I've been using flame graphs for a while and they are pure genius IMO. I find the image itself is intuitively more approachable, and with the ability to quickly zoom in/out and search I can usually quickly work through a profile without losing sight of the full picture.
So how do you get one?
It's Bob! yay? |
Everybody Gets A FlameGraph!
Yes, even you poor suckers running JDK 1.3 on Windows XP! I don't recommend this method of profiling if you have a more recent JVM, or if your JVM supports AsyncGetCallTrace, but if your deployment is stuck in the past you can still be in on this. This is because ALL JVMs must support JVMTI and AFAIK allow you to hit them with jstack/JVisualVM/hprof. It's a terrible way to profile, there's allot of overhead, and usually you can find a better way, but this is universally available. Collecting a sample via jstack is (a terrible idea) quite easy. Just find the pid of the process you want to profile using jps and then do something like:
for i in {1..100}; do
jstack <pid> >> iloveoldshit.jstk;
sleep 0.1;
for i in {1..100}; do
jstack <pid> >> iloveoldshit.jstk;
sleep 0.1;
And Bob is your relative (which is a good thing apparently).
Once you've collected a large enough sample for your application you can go on and feed flame graphs:
cat iloveoldshit.jstk | ./stackcollapse-jstack.pl | ./flamegraph.pl --color=green > jstack-flames.svg
And you get:
This is the same benchmark from before, but different profile with the safepoint bias. You can compare the two by scrolling up and down. OR you can use FlameGraphs to diff the 2, in a moment.
FlameGraphs supports converting jstack output into collapsed stacks (as above). Efforts exist on GitHub to convert the hprof format which JVisualVM produces (as well as other profilers) into collapsed stack format.
So for all my poor readers, struggling under the oppression of JVMs for which better means to spill out stack samples do not exist, I got your backs, you too can be looking at flame graphs!
But seriously, just move on.
FlameGraphs supports converting jstack output into collapsed stacks (as above). Efforts exist on GitHub to convert the hprof format which JVisualVM produces (as well as other profilers) into collapsed stack format.
So for all my poor readers, struggling under the oppression of JVMs for which better means to spill out stack samples do not exist, I got your backs, you too can be looking at flame graphs!
But seriously, just move on.
Level Up: AsyncGetCallTrace or JFR
Now, if you want a better profiler, which does not result in bringing your application to safepoint and pausing ALL your threads at each sample AND your are either running a 1.6 or higher JDK (OpenJDK/Oracle/recent Zing) on Linux/Mac/BSD you can use Honest-Profiler to collect your profile. If you got Oracle JDK 1.7u40 or higher you can use Java Flight Recorder (if you use it in production you need to pay for the licence). These profilers rely on AsyncGetCallTrace to record the Java stack safely on interrupt(from a signal handler, not at safepoint).
To collect with Honest-Profiler I start my JVM with the following parameter:
Then, when I feel the time is right, I can start and stop the profile collection
echo start | nc localhost 4242
echo stop | nc localhost 4242
To convert the binary format into collapsed stacks I need to use a helper class in the honest-profiler.jar:
java -cp $HONEST_PROFILER_HOME/honest-profiler.jar com.insightfullogic.honest_profiler.ports.console.FlameGraphDumperApplication netty.hpl netty.cstk
I can then feed the flamegraph script the collapsed stacks file and get the result which we've already seen.
To convert JFR recordings to flame graphs see this post. But remember children, you must pay Oracle if you use it in production, or Uncle Larry might come for you.
Bonus: Diff Profiles!
A nice benefit of having 2 different profilers produce (via some massaging) a unified format for flame graphs is that we can now diff profiles from 2 profilers. Not something that is generally useful, granted. But diffing profiles is an established capability in many profilers, and is usually used to do a before/after comparison. Flame Graphs support this via the same visualization. Once you have converted your profiles into the collapsed stacks format you can produce a diff file and graph it:
./difffolded.pl -n A.cstk B.cstk | ./flamegraph.pl > A-B-diff.svg
Diffing the Honest-Profiler and jstack profiles gives us the following:
The white squares are not interesting, the red/pink squares highlight the delta of self samples as a percentage of total samples (not so intuitive). I admit it may seem a tad confusing at first, but at least it draws your eyes to the right places. More on differential flame graphs here.
Note: to make this diff work I had to shave off the thread names from the jstack collected collapsed stacks file.
Further Bonus: Icicle Graph
Some times the bottleneck is not a particular call stack plateau, but rather a particular method being called from many call sites. This kind of bottleneck will not show well in a flame graph as the different stacks with similar tops will be split and may not stand out. This is really where a flat profile is great, but we can also flip the flame graph view to highlight the top method merging:
cat netty.cstk | ./flamegraph.pl --reverse --invert --color=green > netty-icicles.svg
I've filtered the stacks to show only a relevant portion:
This is not dissimilar to functionality offered by other profiler GUIs which allow the drill down direction to start from hot methods and into their callers in a tree view presentation.
Level UP++: Java Perf Flame Graphs FTW!
If you are so fortunate as to:
- Be running OpenJDK/Oracle 1.8u60 or later(this functionality is coming to Zing in a near future release, fingers crossed)
- Running on Linux
- Got permissions to make this run
- Java with: -XX:+PreserveFramePointer (also recommended -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+DebugNonSafepoints so unfolded frame are more accurate)
- perf-map-agent: This attachable agent dumps a symbol mapping file for all runtime generated code in the JVM, enabling perf to correctly resolve addresses to methods. You'll need to clone and build.
- perf: You'll need permissions and you'll need to install it. I assume you are root of you own machine for simplicity.
perf-java-flames <pid>
This will ask for password as it needs to sudo a few things. Be the sudo you want to see in the world. After a suspenseful wait of 15 seconds you'll get this:
Note: Netty deploys it's native lib into tmp, loads it and deletes it, which means perf gets lost looking for it. I deleted it from the benchmarks jar and loaded it directly using LD_LIBRARY_PATH to resole this visibility issue. It doesn't make a huge difference, but in case you try this out.
The green frames are Java, and the rest are all the magic which happens to help Java along. Here's what happened:
You can further tweak the command line to color kernel frames differently and control sample duration and frequency. And while we're a-tweakin' lets also have threads info.
Here's what you run:
The green frames are Java, and the rest are all the magic which happens to help Java along. Here's what happened:
- Red frames are C library or Kernel code. We can see that the socket writes in the original profile actually go into native land. We now have further visibility down the hole. Importantly this illustrates where hot Java methods are in fact not Java methods at all and so looking at their Java code for optimisation ops is futile.
- Yellow frames are C++. We can see the call chain leading into the interpreter and ultimately into compiled Java code.
- Green frames are Java. BUT if you compare the previously presented profiles will this one you will notice there are some intermediate frames missing here. This is because the frames in this profile are "real" frames, or rather they map to stack frame. Inlined methods in Java do not have their own stack frames, so we can't see them (for now, we'll sort this out in a second). Further more, the keen observer will notice the familiar "Thread.run" bottom of the stack is missing, replaced by the "interpreter". As is often the case, the run method did not get compiled in this benchmark so it is not a proper compiled method for which we have a mapping. Methods in the interpreter are opaque in this profile.
- Some stacks are broken, which can be confusing. In the example above we can see the 13.8 unknown chunk which leads to some JVM activities, but also to some Java code. More on that later.
- This profile is super useful if you are writing Netty and trying to workout which system calls you end up with from your JNI code, or where time is spent in that code (netty implements it's own native epoll selector, very cool). If you are writing an application which utilizes JNI libraries this profile will give you visibility across the divide. The alternative here would be to use 2 profilers and try and correlate them. Solaris Studio also offers some help here, I will one day write a post on Solaris Studio.
- This in not a good example of a profile dominated by JVM threads, but in many profiles the GC activity will show up. This is very useful, as GC and compiler CPU utilization can get in the way of application threads using the available CPU. A Java only profiler leaves you to correlate GC/compilation logs and application profile to figure out who ate the pie. It's also an interesting view into which part of the GC is to blame.
- Some JVM intrinsics are confusing to AsyncGetCallTrace, and invisible to safepoint profilers. The biggest culprit I see is array copy. Array copies will show up as failed samples on AGCT profilers (unless, like JMC they just fail to tell you about failed samples all together). They show up in this profile (search above for arraycopy), but only a tiny bit.
- This profile can be collected system wide, allowing you to present a much wider picture and expose machine wide issues. This is important when you are looking at machine level analysis of your application to improve configuration/setup.
- In depth view of OS calls can inform your configuration.
'look at me! look at me now!' said the cat.'with a cup and a cake on the top of my hat!I can hold up TWO books!I can hold up the fish!and a little toy ship!and some milk on a dish!and look!I can hop up and down on the ball!but that is not all!oh, no. That is not all...
Bonus: Inlined Frames! Threads! COLOR!
We can win back the inlined frames information by asking perf-map-agent to create a more detailed map file with inlining data. This leads to larger map files, but should be worth it.You can further tweak the command line to color kernel frames differently and control sample duration and frequency. And while we're a-tweakin' lets also have threads info.
Here's what you run:
PERF_COLLAPSE_OPTS="--kernel --tid" PERF_RECORD_FREQ=99 PERF_RECORD_SECONDS=10 PERF_MAP_OPTIONS=unfoldall perf-java-flames <pid>
And the graph now looks like this:
- The Java frames are now green and aqua. Aqua frames are inlined frames and green are "real". This information is not presented at all by most profilers, and is pretty inaccessible in others. Here we can instantly see some interesting inlining challenges in the tall towers of same sized frames. The compiler inlines through many, but maybe eventually gives up, maybe there's something to be won by simplifying the abstraction here?
- Thread id is added as a base frame. This is helpful in this particular example because there are only 2 interesting threads and I very much want to see this split. It also helps bring back some broken stacks into the fold. Now I can tell these frames belong to the Netty epoll thread. Yay.
- Orange frames are kernel frames.
- Having the thread id highlights that the none Java frames on the left are from a variety of threads. If we had more GC/Compiler work happening this may become interesting.
- Profiling a large application with thread pools this separation by thread may not be what you want... but sometimes it is very helpful, like above. In this benchmark I have a thread generating load and a thread I want to profile, so telling them apart works great. At the moment there's no mapping of threads to thread names, but in future we may be able to easily group thread pools for more meaningful views.
Bonus: Hack It All Up
There's very little code in perf-map-agent, and the scripts would take you 5 minutes to read through. You don't have to use the scripts, you can write your own. You can add or enhance features, it's easy to participate or customize. Dig in, have fun :-)
The FlameGraph scripts are nice and tidy, and the pipeline separation of [profile -> collapsed stacks -> graph] means you can read through them and tweak as you like the bits you care about without caring too much about the rest. While working on this post I played with the diff presentation a bit. It was my first ever interaction with Perl, and I'm not so very bright, and I managed to get what I wanted. Surely someone as fine as yourself can do better.
If you look at Brenden's updates page you'll see many many people are jumping in and tweaking and sharing and making funky things. Go for it!
Summary And Credits
So you can have flame graphs, all of you. And you can feed these with inputs from several sources, each with their own set of pros and cons. It makes a great tool in your tool box and may give you that extra perspective you are missing in your profiling.
There's a few people who deserve mention in the context of the tools above, look them up, they all helped make it happen:
- Brendan Gregg: FlameGraphs proud daddy. Brendan has written allot about FlameGraphs, work through his posts and you'll learn plenty.
- Johannes Rudolph: Author and maintainer of perf-map-agent.
- Jake Lucianni: Contributed flamegraphs support for inlined frames.
- Richard Warburton: Author and maintainer of honest-profiler.


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