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The Gospel of the Bhagavadgita–Resolution of the Fourfold Conflict
*Gita Jayanti Message given in the year 1976. The Gita Jayanti falls on Ekadasi, or the eleventh day, in the bright half of the month of Margasirsha (November-December). A collection of messages by Swamiji during various spiritual festivals including this message can be found in Swamiji's book, "Spiritual Import of Religious Festivals".
Click here for another discourse on Gita Jayanti by Swami Sivananda.
I shall endeavour to touch upon a few salient points in the gospel of the Bhagavadgita, which will be of some meaning and utility in our day-to-day life. To apply a knowledge to life is the most difficult aspect of knowledge. We have always been accustomed to bifurcate life from knowledge, and vice versa, so that a learned man is not necessarily a happy man, nor even a rich man. The reason is that learning or knowledge has been isolated from the facts of life. This is one of the conflicts that we observe in life. As they say humorously, Sarasvati and Lakshmi never live in the same house, meaning thereby that learning and wealth do not go together. There are many such conflicts, all which are supposed to be resolved, in one way or the other, by means of the great teachings known as the Bhagavadgita.
Bhagavan Sri Krishna, when He spoke the Bhagavadgita, intended to resolve a conflict. What is a conflict, may be a question that raises itself before our minds. There are, actually, four types of conflict, within which every other type, kind, or variation of disharmony can be subsumed. The occasion for the delivery of this Gospel was the battle of Mahabharata, which means a field of conflict with other people. This is what is known as a battle. The first problem one encounters in life is conflict with other people. 'You do not like me,' and 'I do not like you.' When we wake up in the morning and look at the world, we are faced with a conflict with other people. This is a difficulty which saps the vitality of many in the world. We have to see faces with whom we cannot reconcile ourselves. It may be a boss, a subordinate or an equal,–it makes no difference. When we cannot reconcile ourselves with another face, there is a conflict; and we see nothing but faces when we get up in the morning and look at the world outside. The battle of Mahabharata is a large Epic, describing this primary conflict of human nature,–conflict of one person with another person, in which can be included conflicts of groups, communities and nations, because all these are nothing but personalities and individualities associating and clashing in certain manners and patterns. What you call a society, or a family, or a nation or a community is nothing but human beings grouping themselves into patterns. So, conflict with other people includes every kind of conflict in the world. Thus, we have the Mahabharata Epic, in the middle of which the Bhagavadgita occurs. Where is the Bhagavadgita located? In the middle of the battle of the Mahabharata. What is this Epic battle? A conflict between the Pandavas and the Kauravas, brothers in a unitary family. It was a family feud. We may say it was a conflict between Yudhishthira and Duryodhana, which amounts to the same essential situation. So, again, to reiterate, the conflict which Bhagavan Sri Krishna tries to resolve has as its background the conflict enumerated in the long Epic poem of the Mahabharata. What is this background? The conflict of personalities! That was the occasion for the war. Huge armies were arrayed on both sides. Thousands were about to fly at the throats of each other. That was the occasion for the giving of this Gospel. The Gospel was not given in a school, a college, or a university, a temple, a church, or an auditorium,–nothing of the kind. This most interesting and indispensable Gospel which you try to enshrine in your heart, in your memory, was given on that momentous occasion of a war that was about to break between large contending armies. Nobody would like to seek wisdom on that tense occasion. That is not the time to speak at all; it is the time to act and do something immediately. Who would speak philosophy when there are large numbers of men emotionally worked up into such a heightened pitch of anxiety and wrath that they will hear no words spoken by anyone, and are bent upon a severe type of action! On that occasion, who would speak a sublime Gospel or a scripture! But that was the occasion, and there could not be a better occasion.
Now, the very purpose of this war was primarily to resolve a social conflict. Well; it was agreed that the war was indispensable. The purpose behind the war was not to destroy people but to resolve a social conflict or a political tension. It was impossible to mend people, and so they thought it was necessary to end people. And they concluded that by the ending of the people the conflict would automatically vanish. If you cannot untie a knot, you cut the knot.
And for memory's sake I may mention a few names who were involved in this conflict,–the leaders, the generalissimos of the war. There were powerful veterans on the side of the Kauravas, almost invincible in battle, three of whom, the most prominent ones; were Bhishma, Drona and Karna. Nobody could face them with immunity to their lives. On the other side, that of the Pandavas, we have leaders like Bhima and Arjuna, the brothers of king Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas. While the most powerful from the Kauravas side was Bhishma, the most invincible on the side of the Pandavas was Arjuna. They knew every tactics of war and people could shudder in their hearts by merely hearing the names of these people.
Now, on mutual acceptance, it was agreed that the war had to be waged to end a social conflict. But, when the hour of crisis came, when the iron was hot and it had to be hit, when that moment came, what happened? A most unexpected conflict arose within the mind of Arjuna. It was not a conflict with other people, but a conflict within one's own self. I told you that there are four types of conflict. The first one is conflict with other people and to end it they embarked upon this perilous adventure of war. But before it broke out or started, the most important of the leaders, the hero of one party, the most renowned warrior, had to pass through a muddle of conflict within himself–his own thoughts, feelings, emotions, and the various tantrums of his psychological organ. You know the situation. All action emanates from the individual, and to do or not to do is to be decided by the individual himself. A decision can be taken only when there is no conflict in one's mind. Either you do a thing or you do not do the thing. You want a thing or you do not want the thing. These are decisions that the mind takes. But if one begins to waver between the two horns of the dilemma, and one does not know which side to take and what steps to put forward due to a conflict within one's own mind, there would be no solution at all. A most surprising attitude did Arjuna take, to the wonder and marvel of everyone there. The most heroic of persons began to speak words of pusillanimity, feelings of pity which would be completely unexpected from a warrior girt up on the brink of a war. Instead of attempting to solve the social conflict for the sake of which the war was to be engaged in, another conflict was added on to it. So instead of one conflict, we have two conflicts here. Arjuna, the leader, the great warrior, advanced specious arguments before Krishna, his colleague, his friend and guide, who was seated on the very same chariot, and clinched the whole matter by saying, 'I am not for this.' It was a very difficult thing to swallow, and only a personality like Krishna could take it in the true spirit in which it arose.
When a person is truly friendly with you, he knows how to take your moods. That is wisdom of life. Krishna was not pleased; nor was he displeased. A doctor is neither pleased nor displeased with a patient. An emotion will not rise in the mind of a physician. Krishna was not distressed at the agonising condition of the mind of Arjuna. He did not weep, cry or beat his breast. He spoke words of wisdom laden with the profundity of the experience of life which, incidentally, opened up the gates for a solution to all conflicts in life. Not merely Arjuna's conflict but your conflict, my conflict and anyone's conflict at any time found a solution therein. All problems, all conflicts, all disharmonies, in everyone's mind, in every pattern of society, and for all times, were dealt with effectively. Thus it is that the Bhagavadgita became a scripture of universal significance. Though it arose on account of a historical context, it gradually bordered upon timeless questions and the eternal problems of mankind, of humanity as a whole. The Bhagavadgita teaches not the Hindu religion, but Religion as such. It is not my religion, or your religion, but the religion of the human soul that is spoken in the words of the Bhagavadgita. It is an answer to the questions of mankind, not merely the themes of some religion, cult or creed. It is 'man' putting a question to God. It is not any particular person or a particular faith or association or affiliation raising a problem, but 'man' signifying humanity, raising a problem before the Maker of all things. And to it, the answer came from all sides. The answer came from all the mouths of the Cosmic Person, not merely from one individual called Krishna. There was no Krishna then, when this answer came. The query was not raised by Arjuna as a historical person. It was not Arjuna that kicked up the problem; it was the humanity present in Arjuna that raised the question. There is a character of humanity in everyone of us, which is neither male nor female, neither eastern nor western. That human element puts the eternal question. Hence, the answer has to be all-comprehensive. The human complexity raised the question; and who will answer the question? Not another man. One man's problem cannot be solved by another person. Because another person is also a human being like this person. You cannot solve my problem, nor can I solve your problem. Because both of us stand on the same pedestal of humanity. And here was the problem of humanity as a whole, not of one individual; and who will answer this question? Not Krishna, because to utter the name Krishna in this context would be to raise the question of an individual. It was not the historical Krishna that spoke to Arjuna, but it was Narayana who spoke to Nara. This is also known as Nara-Narayana-Samvada, not merely Krishna-Arjuna-Samvada. God spoke to man, not Krishna to Arjuna. The Universal spoke to the particular. The All-comprehensive began to speak words of wisdom to that which is localised in space and time. Humanity was face to face with the Absolute. With this background of understanding, we shall be able to realise the importance of this scripture.
Thus, on the background of the necessity to solve a social conflict, an individual conflict arose in the mind of a symbol of humanity, known as Arjuna. As already pointed out, I cannot answer this question, and you cannot answer this question either, because we are all persons, human beings, individuals, and it is the individual that raises the question. Then, who is to give the answer? Not anyone in the world. The answer has to come from That which is beyond the world. And hence the personality of Krishna began to expand gradually into the All-inclusive Consciousness which covers the entire gamut of the evolution of mankind and the world as a whole. This apocalypse of consciousness is what is known as Virat, or the Visvarupa. It expanded not merely quantitatively in space and time;–it is not the swelling of a body that is called Virat or Visvarupa,–but a humanly unimaginable expansion of Consciousness, which alone can solve the questions of mankind's conflict.
And what is mankind's conflict? One person set against another person. This is the first phase of the problem. Then, each one is at loggerheads with one's own self. This is another phase of the conflict. You do not know what you will think tomorrow. You do not agree today with what you thought yesterday. Your understanding cannot go hand in hand with your feeling. Your feelings cannot go hand in hand with your will. Your emotions will not agree with your logical argument. Your logic goes against the facts of human society outside. All this is a description of internal conflict. 'I can neither fully agree with you nor fully reject you.' This is also a personal conflict. If I can fully agree with you, there can be no conflict. If I can fully reject you, then also there is no conflict. But, unfortunately, I cannot fully reject you for certain reasons, and cannot also wholly accept you for certain other reasons. This is individual conflict. And there are also non-alignment of the layers of the personality itself. I am proceeding from the posterior to the prior, from the gross to the subtle, from the visible to the invisible, from the outer to the inner, for the purpose of explanation. The outer conflict of society is an outcome of the internal conflict of human nature. Why has this conflict come? Is there any solution for this? Arjuna fell at the feet of Krishna, saying: 'I am confused, and I do not know what I am supposed to do. Bewildered is the condition of my mind. It is true that I have come here for battle, as a general of the army, but now something is happening within my own mind. I do not know, Krishna, what is happening! I am sunk in grief. I am swallowed by sorrow. I cannot lift my finger. I cannot raise my hand; My nerves are getting paralysed. I cannot even stand up. I am falling down.' This is what happens when internal conflict reaches its climax. And here the real Bhagavadgita starts, which is God speaking. Upto this time man was speaking. 'I shall wage a war. I shall end these people, crush them and pound them to powder.' That was the boast of man before the war was entered upon. Then comes the sinking down of the personality: 'This is impossible. I shall withdraw because I do not think that I am fit to adjust myself to this complex that has arisen now in the form of a social conflict, which I hold, is raised by us due to ignorance, greed and callousness towards the consequences of war.'
The answer of Bhagavan Sri Krishna, representing the Unity of the cosmos, is simple and precise, though it is apparently a long gospel of many chapters. Arjuna was thoroughly mistaken in assessing the values of life. Lord Krishna tells: 'Your understanding is turbid, it is not clear enough to grasp the vitality of life. Nobody asked you to start the war. It is you who started this, and I merely said nothing against it. If you want it, have it, and be done with it. After having started it of your own accord, relying on the strength of your own army, listening to nobody else's advice, what makes you now sing a different tune altogether, as if you are another person having nothing to do with the previous person that you were, who decided to wage the war?' The answer of Arjuna was: 'I do not know what to do. Tell me what is my duty.' The answer is the Bhagavadgita which is supposed to be a Gospel on duty.
What is the duty of man? I began by speaking of the four conflicts, which the Bhagavadgita endeavours to resolve. To solve the first conflict Arjuna thought that battle is the only way. But before the war took place outside, a war broke out inside him. There was a psychological war which fumed up like wild fire within the mind of the hero, even before the outer social war took place. Lord Krishna asks: 'Do you know why does this happen? Do you know why any war takes place at all? Why conflicts should arise at all? The ultimate cause of all conflicts–do you know this Arjuna?' Sri Krishna himself replies: 'You do not know anything. You do not know that you have a higher conflict pushing you forward into a further external conflict. Behind the social conflict, is the individual conflict. Behind the individual conflict, there is another conflict which is not apparent to the mind of any person!' But Krishna knew what it was.
It is the conflict between the individual and the world as a whole in the form of this vast creation. Man has estranged himself from Nature. This is the third conflict,–the conflict between man and Nature. The world seems to be outside us, and we seem to be strangers in this world. We are not sure whether we are really wanted in this world. Sometimes it looks that we are not wanted at all, and yet we, somehow, reconcile ourselves with the hardships of this mysterious creation and pull on in life, 'get on,' as we say. The world is not going to be reconciled, if we are not going to obey its laws. Because of a conflict of our individuality with the universal Nature, we suffer various pains,–hunger and thirst, heat and cold, and, finally, death. All these catastrophies of human life, and life in general, are the outcome of an isolation of the individual from the cosmic Nature. Nature does not die; it is the individual that dies. Nature has no hunger and thirst; it is the individual that has hunger and thirst. Nature does not feel cold, Nature does not want a blanket or a sweater; it is the individual that feels heat and cold. The bodily limitations, the vital limitations, the mental limitations and the intellectual limitations are the outcome of this bifurcation of personality or individuality from cosmic Nature. If you are to be tuned to Nature, you are to become an integral, vital, universal part of Nature. Then you will have no hunger and thirst, no heat and cold, no death. But why should this difficulty arise? No one wanted to isolate oneself from Nature. Nobody would purchase trouble deliberately. Then why has this happened? Who is responsible for this banishment of the individual from Universal Nature?
This third conflict is due to another conflict altogether, viz., the fourth conflict,–the conflict between the Universe and the Absolute, between man and God. We are estranged from God Himself. That is why every other conflict has cropped up. Social conflict or political conflict is due to individual conflict. The individual conflict is due to the conflict of natural forces in respect of the individual. This, again, is due to a higher conflict between the Universal Soul and the individual soul, man and God waging a war with each other. Then it is that God has released this huge army called Nature, with all its terrific armament.
The war seen before you is nothing but the array of forces which God has unleashed to teach you a lesson. The whole world is up in arms against you, because you have set yourself against God. Can you expect to have peace and happiness here when you wage a battle with God Himself? But this is the secret that man does not know because of an original sin of man, the fall of man, the fall of the soul from its Divine Status of Universality. Unless you reconcile yourself with God, you are not going to reconcile yourself with Nature. Nature is nothing but the army of forces let loose by God against you, as a reaction to your rebellion against Him.
When there is a war between two countries, you cannot speak to the soldiers, 'My dear friends, please do not fight,' for they are not responsible for the battle. They are released by some other force behind them. You must tackle that force which is the cause of the release of these forces. Why do you talk to the soldiers, poor fellows? They know nothing except that they have been ordered, and they act. Thus, there is no use of speaking to the world: 'My dear friend, wind, do not bite me; O water, do not drown me; O fire, do not burn me.' They will say: 'We do not know; we are only ordered to act and we shall do according to the order. You speak to the Person, the Force who has ordered thus. Otherwise, we shall burn you down, cut you, blow you up, drown you and kill you.' So, there is no use trying to get rid of the troubles of life because these are forces released by a higher Nature. Unless you reconcile yourself with God, you are not going to be friendly with Nature. And unless you reconcile yourself with the Nature, the cosmos as a whole, your internal conflicts are not going to cease. And until the internal conflicts are solved, the external wars are not going to end. The social peace which you are clamouring for, the national peace, the world peace, the Ramarajya as you call it,–all these wonderful things that you are aspiring for in life,–cannot be had on earth until you solve the causative conflict that is between you, Nature and God.
This is the essence of the themes described in the chapters of the Bhagavadgita. You are face to face with the Supreme Being in the eleventh chapter; and whatever I have told you so far is the inner significance of the contents of the first eleven chapters. The chapters that follow from the eleventh onwards describe methods of practically applying this knowledge in specific contexts of life. Before doing anything, understand well. Think well logically, dispassionately, taking into consideration all aspects of the question that arises in your mind. Cast your glance around you, and recognise where you really stand in this world, what your difficulties are, and tap the difficulties in their roots. Then it is that you will be blessed, and mankind at large will reach supreme beatitude.
Social collaboration, individual self-control, universal interrelatedness, and Absolute Oneness–these are the standpoints from which the Bhagavadgita exhorts us at different levels of its teaching. The highest Reality is Aksharam Brahma (The Imperishable Absolute). It is the Supreme Person, or Adhiyajna, from the standpoint of creation. It is manifest as Adhibhuta (the external universe as the object) on the one side, and as Adhyatma (the individual experiencer as the subject) on the other side. The Divine Principle organising the relations between subjects and objects is Adhidaiva (superintending Deity). The movement of the cosmic cycle, the inexorable impulse to action, the universal urge of creativity, is Karma-Visarga (the complex of activity determined by interconnected universal factors). No one can escape this duty of 'All-Life,' and none can afford to be ignorant of this secret of existence. Here is the Bhagavadgita in a nutshell.


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Holistic health Q&A
with Jaison Greene (click for my pre-interview insights)!
Q: What is a common misconception about how many calories you should be eating?
A: Well, this is usually the place where people go first to lose weight.
What calories and calorie counting don't take into consideration is what foods are related to those calories. You could have all very high calorie foods and only eat a few things and use up all your calories. That high calorie food you're eating may or may not be unhealthy. It may just be a high calorie food like a healthy fat like an avocado. Or, it could be a Big Mac. The real question is how you discern the types of calories you're getting.
Each type of food, whether its a fat, a carb, or a protein has a different caloric value. So when people say 'I'm not eating carbs', in their minds they're talking about white carbs and fattening, starchy foods like potatoes, pasta and white rice. Kale, carrots, broccoli, and many healthy, 'colorful,' vegetables are all carbs as well. Caloric intake can provide a basic understanding of what a person is consuming. Numbers can be helpful to a point, but it only goes so far. Calories are best used as a guide to help understand what you are eating. Knowing caloric values can help assist in this understanding. Calories need to be personalized and specific to you, your lifestyle, and your metabolism.
Q: How important is balancing different types of carbs in your diet?
A: I think it's important. Everything is a carb unless it's a fat or protein. We all need carbohydrates to convert into glucose, which is the fuel that our body runs on. In fact, vegans and vegetarians are pretty much eating mostly carbs, with a little vegetable protein.
Carbohydrates are a very important building block of our bodies. The types of carbs you are eating really do make a difference. I've worked with people who are vegetarians and they eat french fries and candy. The bottom line, when it comes to health, it's all about balance. That is the goal. It is the destination. It's a moving target, however, meaning it's going to change as you get older. As your lifestyle changes, your body is going to want to find a new definition of balance.
Q: Along the lines of being vegetarian, what are the most important elements in a balanced vegetarian diet and do you recommend meat substitutes as a source of protein?
A: If you seriously want to approach a healthy vegetarian diet, the first things for you to find out would be to understand your family history, a little bit about your metabolism, about your blood type, and do a couple of food elimination exercises. Food elimination is where you restrict your diet away from one particular food for one week and on the 8th day you overload on the food you've been restricting to see what kind of reaction your body has.
Once you get clear on what foods work for you and don't work for you, there are a few building blocks of a healthy vegetarian diet you should focus on. Lean toward the colorful vegetables, the leafy greens, the oranges, the beets, the peppers, the melons, the squashes, the sweet potatoes, etc. Fruits and vegetables are going to be at the forefront.
Then, throw in legumes, beans, nuts, and seeds. If you don't feel like you're getting enough, supplement your diet with the grains, eggs, vitamins, etc. If you have to drink milk, coconut, almond, rice, etc. have been a great substitutes and a healthier options than cows milk has been a great substitute and a healthier option than cows milk.
Now, soy is a hot topic. There are people who believe soy is good for you in small amounts and is a great meat substitute. There are other people who believe that, because of the phytoestrogens in soy, it can adversely affect thyroid function or other important functions, such as hormone regulation. An unnatural disruption in your hormones can cause overgrowth of cells and tumors. There is some research that has been done on cancer linked to soy.
If you look at it in perspective, once soy became widely marketed as an alternative to meat, we started seeing more products with soy. Just like people who develop a gluten intolerance; if you've been eating soy your whole life, if it's not right for your body, eventually your body is going to react. Your body might just take all this stuff you can't process and put it somewhere for safekeeping. You don't want to be storing bad stuff in your body for years to come.
Q: What is the most commonly abused food that should be eliminated from diets?
A: Wheat. Whole wheat, white wheat, pasta, barley–all different names for wheat-based foods –you name it. The kind of modern, "franken-wheat" that is produced in this country (banned everywhere else) has got an addictive gene put in it on purpose. It digests super fast, your body has to store it quickly because it spikes your insulin, and because of the way it's grown here, there's no real nutrition. It's a completely processed food.
Wheat these days is extremely irritating to the lining of your small intestine, where everything is absorbed into your body. Even when you don't experience any adverse affects such as a gluten intolerance, it can be weighing you down in other ways. Wheat will give you the muffin-top and the pot belly, and it's in beer and many other products. Gluten free is a great place to begin experimenting as a way to get away from wheat products, because gluten is a key culprit.
Right next to wheat, I would say comes dairy, as well. If we're not drinking mother's milk, then cow's milk is the substitute. But adult cows don't drink milk. Why are we drinking milk as humans, well into adulthood? If it's for the calcium, you can get more calcium from broccoli. The kind of calcium you get from leafy greens is also more readily assimilated by your body when accompanied by citrus (lemons/limes/oranges). Dairy can create a lot of excess mucus in your system, which slows down all other systems. It creates sinus infections, and it's a huge contributor to allergies, and so on….
Q: So that seems like a very wide range of foods…
Well, yes, wheat and dairy. They speak to a wide range of foods, but here's the thing, it's all in moderation. If you ask me that question, that's what I'll say. It may not be the answer you want to hear, because then it compromises your lifestyle. Because then you have to choose between what you like to eat, what you want to eat, what's easy to make, and self care. Addressing your health. Making changes that are going to be everlasting.
As a health coach, I'm not interested in trying to convince anybody that they need to have a health coach. That's just too much work, plus they wouldn't be a good client if they're not ready anyway. Every time I meet with a client, I keep a record and we find what works, what they like, what they don't like, what they say they want, and I just find the most interesting, enjoyable, impactful way to get them there.
Something I learned that was a big surprise to me was that it's mostly not all about the food, either. It was a big revelation to understand that the thing that's in the way between this person getting a level of balance in their lives usually starts off with food, but it doesn't usually stay there.
Q: What are some key ways to recover and boost a metabolism that has slowed down?
A: I would say to first see if it's food related or emotional. Depression will slow you down. Having children and becoming more sedentary slow you down. Food-wise, I would start off with a detox to clear anything that would be hindering your system. Then we would rebuild the hydrochloric acid in your stomach to speed up the metabolism. Another factor would be to look at your physical activity. Exercise is a huge component. Eating too many calories plus not exercising: that will slow you down. These are some of the things you would need to look at.
Q: How do you know if you are at your natural weight?
A: I don't think it's a matter of weight and what you're looking at in the mirror, I think it's a matter of feeling a sense of satisfaction. You're implying that 'natural,' or normal is somehow determined by somebody else besides you. Natural is what you say is natural.
That's not to get out of answering your question, but when you say natural, are you saying what the American Health Association deems an appropriate weight, or your gym teacher? Look at the people you come from. Genetics is huge. Some people just can't be a certain size, they just won't be. They're spending so much time being frustrated that they're adding another layer of imbalance to them. It's a vicious cycle.
Q: Any tips for saving money while shopping healthy?
A: That's easy. Learn how to cook and how to enjoy it a little bit. That'll save you tons of money. Don't buy prepared foods because they're going to cost more than if you were to make it yourself. Stick to the produce section and buy whole foods. Stay away from all the processed foods, which are essentially all the middle aisles in the supermarket..
Q: I read somewhere that weight loss is about an 80 to 20 ratio. 80% being diet and then 20% being exercise. Do you have anything to say about this?
A: I think that's close… I would agree. A lot of people think that if you just work out, then you can eat whatever you want. I would say that if you find the right diet for you you will achieve your natural weight, whether your natural weight is heavier or lighter than your current weight.
Q: Okay, last one. What are you thoughts on fat free and sugar free items.
A: Very simply? Hell no *laughs*.
First of all, I do believe in a whole foods approach. For example, the egg yolk and the white… go together. Some people try to avoid the cholesterol. Well, your body makes more cholesterol than an egg is going to give you. When you separate the yolk from the white, you body knows it's not a whole food.
Your body knows what to do with whole foods. Fat free foods have been loaded up with sugar to taste good. Sugar free is all mostly artificial manmade chemicals that have no business being in your body. If you're going sugar free, it doesn't mean your sugar cravings are going to go down. They may actually spike because you're not getting real sugar. If you're going to switch out dessert, switch it to fresh fruit, not 'sugar free'. Get real sugar, a whole foods sugar. Your body will appreciate it a lot more than the dessert.
Most people just don't have a conscious idea of why they're eating what they're eating. They're just eating the way they did when they were kids. And when they grew up and left home, they'll tend to gravitate to what's familiar to them. Even if our subconscious mind knows it's not good for us, familiar is better than new and unknown. This is why it's so hard to break certain habits. They've been deeply ingrained over the course your lifetime.
An effective health coach can help you begin to understand what those habits are and what they're made of so you can do the work of dismantling them piece by piece. As the coach, I don't do the work for you. I encourage you and hold you accountable for what you say you want and I keep track of everything you've done.
It's all about self-awareness, self care, and maturity. The ability to take responsibility for your own health a basic foundation of freedom.
To learn more from Jaison, check out his youtube videos, read about our first encounter, or, even better, contact him at email@example.com and schedule a free consultation!
Be Fierce!!
Briauna Mariah (:

subset: commoncrawl


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The Crusade of Prayer
Crusade Prayer 5
Praise to God the Most High
"My daughter, the world must offer this special Prayer in praise and thanksgiving to God the Father for the Mercy He is providing the whole world."
O Eternal Father, we offer You our prayers in joyful thanksgiving for Your precious Gift of Mercy to the whole of mankind.
We rejoice and offer You, most glorious King, our praise and adoration for Your loving and tender Mercy.
You, God the Most High, are our King and for this Gift You now bring to us, we lie at Your Feet in humble servitude. Please, God, have Mercy on all Your children.


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Melinda Estridge The DC Metro Area Real Estate Resource
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You can learn more about The Estridge Group by viewing our team member profiles, and by reviewing our client testimonials. For personalized attention, contact us and let us help you with your real estate questions!
Also, take advantage of these free resources on our website:
- Featured Property for Sale: As experts in the Maryland, Washington D.C. and Northern Virginia real estate markets, we can provide you detailed information on these homes, or any others!
- Real Estate Blog: Useful home tips, real estate information and commentary on market activity.
- Email Listing Alerts: Get the newest home listings in Maryland, Washington D.C. and Northern Virginia sent to you automatically – free! You can unsubscribe at any time.
- Free Home Evaluation: Receive a complimentary analysis of your home's current market value.
Bonus Resource: You wouldn't go on a first date without your best outfit, so why put your house on the market if it doesn't look its best?
Watch our presentation on staging homes to learn how to increase the value of your property!
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Understanding our clients' needs and their reality is not only important, but it's also a necessity. Not only are we known for the unmatched reliability of our process and our products, but we are also dedicated to the people we work for and cherish the partnerships we have established.
From project start to finish, we stand by our customers' sides to ensure that nothing is left to coincidence. We are responsible for the solutions we offer and the deliveries we make. One single customer contact will be assigned to your account and will be at your service at all times.
A partnership of dedication and commitment
First-hand knowledge is essential in dealing with our engineered solutions, and you can expect an mtu PowerPack factory trained employee on-site, should this be necessary.
Carefully selected distributors and agents receive extensive training before receiving their official mtu PowerPack dealership certificate.
mtu PowerPack solutions allow you to concentrate on expanding your business. Rental programs are available for mtu PowerPack systems and can grow organically with your company.
We monitor your mtu PowerPack system remotely, and any incident will be noticed by us, making it more likely that we will be contacting you than the other way around.
Additional lifecycle management programs on all mtu-installed equipment include a preventive maintenance program, predictive inspections, upgrades, and on-site health and safety inspections.
Our dynamic UPS service offering includes:
Life extension
The mtu PowerPack life extension program is more than a general overhaul of changing bearings and brushing up components of the kinetic energy accu. Parts for classic control systems based on the older type of printed circuit boards are becoming more and more obsolete. We offer to our latest upgrade of the controls system KS-Vision® 2.0, extending the lifetime from 20 to 30 years and beyond.
With our periodic inspections, we ensure a life extension of the mtu diesel engines. New technologies like Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) meet local governments' latest diesel emissions standards. Existing power distribution panels with outdated switchgear will be replaced and serviced.
Lifecycle maintenance
Thanks to close cooperation with our clients, a comprehensive 20-year maintenance program has been developed. Informing clients about planned preventative maintenance is only an example of how we help you plan and budget your business's integrated operation and maintenance strategies.
Our enhanced condition-based monitoring system with automated intelligence identifies significant changes in parameters, which would be indicative of a developing fault. Instead of an incident occurring, you will be contacted when your mtu PowerPack detects irregularities. Our service engineers will be the trusted link with your operation to provide the continuous power you have come to expect from us: maximized uptime.
Services beyond the standard
mtu PowerPack offers an independent audit of your systems and their integration to identify weak points. Tailor-made solutions will be made based on mtu PowerPack's findings and include refurbishments and upgrades.
For example, additional filtration of the dynamic UPS plant room as your industrial area is developing and you need improved environmental conditions protection.
To service the variety of new and older systems, we actively buy back mtu PowerPack systems from our clients when conditions change.


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The Book Of Me: Prompt 33 --Regrets
If you are not familiar with this wonderful project that was created by Julie Goucher of the Angler's Rest blog, please refer to this link: http://www.anglers-rest.net/book-of-me-written-by-you.html
This week's prompt is - Regrets
Big Regrets
I should (or not) have bought that large purchase
Small Regrets
I should (or not) have had that thick shake at MacDonalds
Miscellaneous Regrets
Big Regrets:
I am not much for regrets but there is one thing I do regret that that has been on my mind since my childhood. The summer before I turned 10 years old, my family moved from Cambria Heights, Queens, NY to Lake Ronkonkoma out on Long Island. I don't regret the move at all. It was probably the best decision my mom and dad made regarding giving their kids a better education and also an opportunity to have a "real childhood." We moved to a place where we didn't have to have bars on the windows, I could ride my bike freely around the neighborhood and my mom wouldn't have to be panicked about who might steal my bike or who would try and run me over. The move was definitely, a good thing ... a real good thing. The thing I have regretted all these years was not telling a neighborhood friend that I was moving.
I don't remember her last name but I do remember her first name was Nicole. She lived in a house towards one of the ends of the block. Oh hey, this is where Google Maps comes in handy.
Image courtesy of Google Images.
Picture of what I think was Nicole's house.
Picture from my 9th birthday party.
From left to right --My school friend Imani, me in the back, my cousin Nicole, and my friend Nicole who I didn't tell I was moving.
From left to right --My school friend Imani, me in the back, my cousin Nicole, and my friend Nicole who I didn't tell I was moving.
Small Regrets:
I regret eating that extra piece of blueberry pie after dinner tonight. It was just so tasty though.
I think in general, I regret not asking my grandparents more about what it was like when they were growing up. So many stories lost. (Sigh.) Perhaps they will visit me in my sleep and help me break through my genealogy brick walls.


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Chess Videos
Chess Tools
What is the Chess Puzzle of the Day?
Everyday we update our chess puzzle of the day to present a fun and challenging chess position from chess history. Your job is to try to find the right sequence of moves to either end in checkmate or a won position. Good luck!
Why are Chess Puzzles important?
One of the key ways to improve your chess is to improve your tactical ability. Often, these chess puzzles from history feature chess positions where a tactic or combination of tactics result in victory, and with daily practice you should be able to improve your ability to spot tactics in your own games!
More ways to enjoy our Daily Chess Puzzles
Put the Chess Puzzle of the Day on Your Site
Add the Chess Puzzle of the Day Application to your Facebook Profile


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Loveless, Bob - City Knife, Premium Stag with Leather Sheath
Measurements Pending
Overall Length:
Blade Length:
Layaway option available by Klarna. If you wish to pay by Zelle, check or wire transfer, please contact the gallery directly, email@example.com. There is a 4% fee if you wish to pay your deposit using PayPal or Credit Card. Knives must be purchased, in full, within 90 days. Thereafter, we will put the knife back up for sale.
All knives are shipped FedEx 2-day, insured with adult signature required upon delivery (unless noted otherwise). In order to ship your item(s) we need your full name, phone number, billing and shipping address and your email address.
Please contact us within three days of receipt for a refund of the cost of the knife: email@example.com. Shipping and insurance charges are not refundable. Returns are subject to a 10% restocking fee and credit card or PayPal processing fee. All items must be returned in the same exact condition as it was received and must be shipped fully insured via FedEx. Most custom knives are guaranteed by the makers we represent and most factory knives carry the manufacturer's warranty. We do not guarantee the durability of natural handle materials (such as bone, wood, pearl, etc...) or the reaction of any material to water and air (rust, oxidation, etc.) If an item needs to be returned due to our error, we may offer a full refund at our discretion. Any condition visible in our product pictures is considered to be disclosed and does not constitute an error or omission on our part.


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Lady Gaga Says 'ARTPOP' Album Once 'Felt Like Destruction'
Welcome to PopCrush's Daily Break! Here's a breakdown of today's hottest pop culture and lifestyle stories as heard on PopCrush Nights, airing across the country. Check out Lady Gaga's response to all the love for ARTPOP, Kanye and Kim's custody agreement and more, below.
Lady Gaga's ARTPOP Album Gets Its Due
ARTPOP, Lady Gaga's 2013 album, is currently sitting at No. 3 on the iTunes chart. In response to all the love, Gaga took to Twitter to express her appreciation and explain the emotions behind the album. "I fell apart after I released this album. Thank you for celebrating something that once felt like destruction," she tweeted. "We always believed it was ahead of its time."
NYC Woman Raises Funds for Asian American Uber Rides Following Violent Subway Attack
Maddy Park, a New York City resident, helped raise $100,000 for Asian Americans who fear using public transportation following violent racist attacks. Park launched the Cafe Maddy Cab initiative, which pays for private Uber and Lyft rides for female, elderly and LGBTQ+ Asian Americans. (via Yahoo! News)
New Vaccine TV Special Hosted by Russell Wilson and Ciara
Russell Wilson and Ciara will be hosting NBC's upcoming vaccine TV special, Roll Up Your Sleeves, on Sunday, April 18. The special will be packed with stars, including Shaquille O'Neal, Demi Lovato, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Matthew McConaughey, Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The point of the special is to "educate viewers, raise awareness and dispel concerns surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines." (via TMZ)
Viral Recipe Combines Popcorn and... Mayo?
Food Network personality Molly Yeh recently went viral for her "Popcorn Salad" recipe from her show Girl Meets Farm. Yeh's recipe is basically pasta salad featuring popcorn. Naturally, folks are roasting her online. (via BuzzFeed)
Last Season's American Idol Finalists to Perform
The Top 10 finalists from the previous season of American Idol will finally get a chance to perform live on stage after their season was forced to go virtual due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The contestants will also be competing for a chance to possibly come back to the show. (via Billboard)
Kim and Kanye Reach Custody Arrangement
Kim and Kanye, who are in the midst of a public divorce, reportedly recently agreed on joint legal and physical custody of children North, Saint, Chicago and Psalm. (via CNN Entertainment)
Nearly Half of Adults Worry About Buying Nice Things If They Have Pets or Kids
A survey of 2,000 adults in the U.K. revealed that 67 percent of parents currently have a stained sofa, while 45 percent are nervous to buy anything nice in case their pets or children damage it. (via SWNS)


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Jagger (The Knights Corruption MC Series #3) by S. Nelson Release Blitz
In order to prove his loyalty, Knights Corruption prospect, Jagger Blakeslee, readily agreed to immerse himself in situations that weren't meant for the faint of heart.
Every time, he stepped up.
Every time, he did what was asked.
Never questioning… until he met her.
Kena Prescott wasn't like everyone else. Leading a simple yet lonely life, she preferred to live in the background, avoiding potential heartache by never bringing attention to herself or the challenge she faced on a daily basis.
Until a fated encounter with a stranger thrust her into a world she had never known existed.
He'd come to her rescue, but in the end, would she be the one to save him?


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Parent and Student Portal - Online Grades
Page Navigation
- Chandler Unified School District
- Infinite Campus - Student Portal
Parent and Student Portal - Online Grades
The Infinite Campus Portal allows students and parents to login and access grades, class attendance, assignment information and related messages from the teacher. The portal is designed to increase communication with teachers, allow you to check progress, to see what's due and when, and be more successful in school. Please click on the appropriate link below.For troubleshooting problems logging into Infinite Campus, please contact your school.


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Check Your Windows Environment
The first step is to make sure your Windows environment is ready for this mapping. I am using Windows 7 x64, so I am not sure if this applies to other Windows versions, but it does not hurt to check.
1. WebClient Windows Service must be running as discussed here.
- Open the Services management console (Start / Run / services.msc) and locate the WebClient service.
- Start the WebClient service if it is stopped.
- Open its Properties window, and set the Startup type to Automatic.
2. Internet Explorer - LAN Settings should have Automatically detect settings unchecked
- Open Internet Explorer.
- Go to Tools, Internet Options.
- Click on the Connections tab, and click on the LAN Settings.
- Uncheck the Automatically detect settings.
The second step is to determine the proper address (WebDAV access address) you should use to connect to a Skydrive folder. You cannot directly use the URL shown in your browser since it does not work. You will need to get the WebDAV access address by using one of the following options:
- Manually figure out the address based on the browser URL as described here. I do not recommend this method since the folder name might be different than the one seen on the browser. For example, here it mentions that "Documents" folder should be "^2Documents", but for me it was "^.Documents".
- Use MS Office 2010 to save a document to Skydrive and then be able to see the WebDAV access address as described here. It would be a good option if you have this version of MS Office.
- Build your own application that access http://docs.live.net/SkyDocsService.svc and query for the WebDAV folders. It is good to know about this WCF service, but it will take sometime to build a client application.
- Use an existing application that uses the SkyDocsService and retrieve the information we need: http://skydrivesimpleviewer.codeplex.com/. This open source project provides a command prompt application dumpurls.exe and also a WPF application SkyDriveSimpleViewer.exe.
DumpUrls.exe email@example.com p4ssw0rd
The output is something like:
https://zzzzzz.docs.live.net/yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy/^.Documents https://xxxxxx.docs.live.net/yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy/MyFolder
You will not use these URLs directly, but the corresponding paths instead:
\\zzzzzz.docs.live.net@SSL\yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy\^.Documents \\xxxxxx.docs.live.net@SSL\yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy\MyFolder
Map Skydrive as Network Drive
Although you can map it by using Windows Explorer, I mapped using a single command line in the Command Prompt window. So, open a Command Prompt window and run the following command to map a folder named MyFolder to the drive Z by using your credentials:
net use Z: "\\xxxxxx.docs.live.net@SSL\yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy\MyFolder" /user:firstname.lastname@example.com p4ssw0rd /persistent:yes
The expected output is:
The command completed successfully.
Note: these are the errors I had before I fixed my Windows environment as explained in the beginning of this article:
- System error 5 has occurred: the solution for me was to change the IE setting described above.
- System error 1920 has occurred: the solution was to restart the WebClient service as described above.


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Trucking Company
Regardless of the industry, Baird Trucking is the top trucking company for all your freight transportation needs. We have an extensive fleet of assorted trucks, and all our trucking specialists are licensed, insured, and fully bonded.
As a locally renowned team, we pride ourselves on providing clients with seamless shipping services from beginning to end. From loading the trailer to coordinating different deliveries, we are the dependable truckers your company deserves. We take the stress off your shoulders by delivering to various locations according to business demands.
Want to lower shipping costs, all while speeding up the process? Call us now at (937) 414-0445 to speak with our experts. We'll book a consultation for you at the earliest convenience.
Baird Trucking: Quick and Safe Trucking Services
If you're looking for prompt and professional trucking and transportation for your merchandise, you've come to the right company. With years of experience under our belts, we've managed to cut down the shipping time to a minimum without the added risk of damaging or breaking the product.
Our truck drivers will be sure to arrive on location right on schedule, planning for any delays on the road ahead of time. Upon arrival, we take care to load the truck securely step-by-step, always having enough manpower for the job. From there, we get your cargo from point A to point B in one piece, taking all the safety measures required.
A Full-Range Trucking Company
Depending on the goods you carry, we work hard to accommodate your trucking needs to a T. We understand that bulk liquid shipments require specific transport and equipment and how perishables need to be refrigerated during the ride. Our team has in-depth industry knowledge as we've worked with all inventory types over the years, and we'll know which trucking service you'll require.
Our comprehensive trucking services include:
- Hotshot trucking
- Intermodal trucking
- Bulk liquid trucking
- LTL trucking
- Flatbed trucking
- Refrigerated trucking
- Long haul trucking
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- Expedited trucking
- And more!
No matter the service, we make sure to deliver your freight intact according to scheduling demands. Contact us now to figure out which trucking service suits your industry's needs best.
Low-Cost Trucking Transportation
As a local business, we understand the need to save whenever possible. We proudly offer all our trucking services at lower costs so that you can focus on gaining profit and keeping your pricing affordable. When you choose us for your shipping and handling needs, you can rest assured that you'll receive top-quality transportation for the most competitive rates.
Top Trucking Company, Top Trained Drivers
Our company boasts an exceptional reputation for both security and efficiency. Each member of our team has trained extensively to set a high standard in trucking and transport. With a perfect balance of precision and speed, we keep your inventory safe, getting it to where it needs to go.
Enjoy Seamless Deliveries with the Best Trucking Company
Avoid costly delays and compromised freight with Baird Trucking's top-notch trucking. Contact us now for more information on our first-rate services.


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Persons using assistive technology might not be able to fully access information in this file. For assistance, please send e-mail to: email@example.com. Type 508 Accommodation and the title of the report in the subject line of e-mail.
Trends in the Prevalence of Excess Dietary Sodium Intake — United States, 2003–2010
Excess sodium intake can lead to hypertension, the primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of U.S. deaths (1). Monitoring the prevalence of excess sodium intake is essential to provide the evidence for public health interventions and to track reductions in sodium intake, yet few reports exist. Reducing population sodium intake is a national priority, and monitoring the amount of sodium consumed adjusted for energy intake (sodium density or sodium in milligrams divided by calories) has been recommended because a higher sodium intake is generally accompanied by a higher calorie intake from food (2). To describe the most recent estimates and trends in excess sodium intake, CDC analyzed 2003–2010 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of 34,916 participants aged ≥1 year. During 2007–2010, the prevalence of excess sodium intake, defined as intake above the Institute of Medicine tolerable upper intake levels (1,500 mg/day at ages 1–3 years; 1,900 mg at 4–8 years; 2,200 mg at 9–13 years; and 2,300 mg at ≥14 years) (3), ranged by age group from 79.1% to 95.4%. Small declines in the prevalence of excess sodium intake occurred during 2003–2010 in children aged 1–13 years, but not in adolescents or adults. Mean sodium intake declined slightly among persons aged ≥1 year, whereas sodium density did not. Despite slight declines in some groups, the majority of the U.S. population aged ≥1 year consumes excess sodium.
NHANES is a nationally representative, multistage survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. civilian population. Certain populations are oversampled to allow for reliable estimates within subgroups.* During NHANES 2003–2010, a total of 49,731 participants aged ≥1 year (including those currently breastfed) were screened. Participants who completed an initial in-person dietary recall in a mobile examination center were asked to complete a second 24-hour dietary recall by telephone 3–10 days later. After those with missing or incomplete dietary recall data were excluded, the final analytic sample was 34,916, for a response rate of 70.3% among those screened. The 24-hour dietary recall was collected by trained interviewers using the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) automated multiple-pass method† by proxy for those aged 1–5 years, by participants with proxy assistance for those aged 6–11 years, and directly by participants aged ≥12 years. The nutrient values of sodium were assigned to foods and beverages using the USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies corresponding with each NHANES 2-year cycle.§ Sodium intake for each respondent on each recall day was estimated by summing the sodium consumed from each food and beverage during the previous 24 hours (excluding supplements, antacids, and salt added at the table). To evaluate trends, from 2003–2010, estimates of sodium in foods did not include salt adjustments for participants whose household used salt in cooking occasionally or less often.¶ For children consuming human milk, the sodium content was estimated and added to sodium from other foods and beverages.**
Up to two 24-hour dietary recalls were used. Data were analyzed with statistical software that fits a measurement error model.†† All estimates were based on usual sodium intake, adjusting for within person, day-to-day variability. After adjusting for the day of the week of the recall, age (years), sex, and race/ethnicity, estimates were calculated for mean usual sodium intake, sodium density, and prevalence of excess sodium intake. Jackknife replicate weights based on survey weights were used to estimate standard errors and account for the complex survey design. The differences in the prevalence of excess sodium intake were examined by z test. Using linear regression models with the usual mean intake for each 2-year phase weighted by the inverse of the variance, trends in sodium intake and sodium intake density were examined using a z test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. No adjustment was made for multiple testing.
During 2007–2010, the prevalence of excess usual sodium intake ranged from 79.1% for U.S. children aged 1–3 years to 95.4% for U.S. adults aged 19–50 years (Table 1). A statistically significant 2.7–4.9 percentage point decline in excess usual sodium intake occurred from 2003–2006 to 2007–2010 among children aged 1–3, 4–8, and 9–13 years, but not among adolescents or adults. Among children aged 4–8 years, statistically significant declines occurred across all sex and race/ethnicity subgroups.
Mean usual sodium intake among the U.S. population aged ≥1 year decreased slightly from 2003–2004 to 2009–2010 (3,518 mg versus 3,424 mg; p-value for trend = 0.037). The U.S. population aged ≥1 year consumed, on average, approximately 1,700 mg sodium per 1,000 kcal during 2009–2010, with no significant trend over time compared with previous investigation years (Table 2). Across age groups, mean usual sodium density did not change significantly over time, with the exception of youths aged 14–18 years, for whom sodium density increased slightly. Within age groups, mean usual sodium density slightly increased among males aged 4–8 years and females aged 14–18 years and slightly declined among non-Hispanic whites aged ≥51 years.
Reported by
Alicia Carriquiry, PhD, Iowa State Univ. Alanna J. Moshfegh, MS, Lois C. Steinfeldt, MPH, Food Surveys Research Group, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Svc, US Dept of Agriculture. Mary E. Cogswell, DrPH, Fleetwood Loustalot, PhD, Zefeng Zhang, MD, PhD, Quanhe Yang, PhD, Div for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Niu Tian, MD, PhD, EIS Officer, CDC. Corresponding contributor: Niu Tian, firstname.lastname@example.com, 770-488-5679.
Editorial Note
The findings in this report indicate that during 2007–2010, approximately eight out of 10 U.S. children aged 1–3 years and nine out of 10 U.S. residents aged ≥4 years were at potential risk for high blood pressure attributable to excess sodium intake. Although a slight decrease in the prevalence of excess usual sodium intake occurred after 2003–2006 among children aged 1–13 years, excess intake did not decrease among adolescents and adults. During 2003–2010, a slight decrease occurred in average population sodium intake, but not sodium intake per calorie. Although some variation in trends occurred among population subgroups in usual mean sodium intake and sodium density, the lack of a change in sodium consumed per calorie (approximately 1,700 mg/1,000 kcal) suggests that the small reduction in usual sodium intake might be related to declines in calorie consumption, rather than to changes in sodium density of foods.
Previous reports (4,5) included data on trends in U.S. sodium intake from the 1970s to 2003. The findings in this report update these trends, and include new data on usual excess sodium intake and sodium density. The slight declines in excess usual sodium intake among children aged 1–13 years might be partially explained by declines in energy intake among children over the same period.§§ Given an average sodium consumption of 1,700 mg/1,000 kcal/day, reducing 100 calories per day could result in a mean reduction of 170 mg of sodium per day, slightly shifting the distribution of sodium intake and lowering the percentage of those with excess intake. Among adults, the pattern of trends in sodium intake also might be explained by changes in energy intake over time. Although average energy intake declined slightly during 1999–2010 among adults aged 20–39 years, it did not change among older adults (6).
The findings in this report are subject to at least four limitations. First, NHANES data exclude military personnel and institutionalized populations such as persons who reside in long-term care or correctional facilities. Second, the response rate was 70.3%; lower response rates can result in response bias. Third, the 24-hour dietary recall underestimates mean caloric intake by an estimated 11% and sodium intake by 9%, and sodium intake excluded use of salt at the table, which accounts for nearly 5% of U.S. sodium intake (7). Finally, no adjustments for multiple comparisons were performed to determine whether differences between any pair of estimates were statistically significant.
Despite slight declines in sodium intake among some population groups, most U.S. residents aged ≥1 year consume excess sodium. Given consumption of approximately 1,700 mg of sodium per 1,000 kilocalories/day, a mean energy reduction of approximately 600 kcal/day would be required to reduce mean sodium intake by approximately 1,000 mg, to approximately 2,300 mg/day. A sodium density target of 1,000 mg/1,000 kcal was recently proposed to lower sodium intake to <2,300 mg per day (2). Given that average energy and sodium intakes have changed little over time, coupling efforts to reduce obesity with efforts to reduce the sodium content per calorie in foods might accelerate progress. Considering that 8.1% of sodium intake among U.S. children comes from school meals (8), new school food guidelines might promote progress toward achieving goals for reducing sodium consumption among children who obtain meals at school.¶¶ Other ongoing public health efforts include working with industry to gradually reduce sodium in commercially processed packaged and restaurant foods.*** Even a 400 mg reduction in mean U.S. sodium intake might save billions of health-care dollars (9).
- Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012;125:e2–220.
- Guenther PM, Lyon JM, Appel LJ. Modeling dietary patterns to assess sodium recommendations for nutrient adequacy. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:842–7.
- Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intake for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2005. Available at http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI/DRI_Water/water_full_report.pdf.
- Bernstein AM, Willett WC. Trends in 24-h urinary sodium excretion in the United States, 1957–2003: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:1172–80.
- Briefel RR, Johnson CL. Secular trends in dietary intake in the United States. Annu Rev Nutr 2004;24:401–31.
- Ford ES, Dietz WH. Trends in energy intake among adults in the United States: findings from NHANES. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:848–53.
- Rhodes DG, Murayi T, Clemens JC, et al. The USDA automated multiple-pass method accurately assesses population sodium intakes. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:958–64.
- CDC. Vital signs: food categories contributing the most to sodium consumption—United States, 2007–2008. MMWR 2012;61:92–8.
- Coxson PG, Cook NR, Joffres M, et al. Mortality benefits from US population-wide reduction in sodium consumption: projections from 3 modeling approaches. Hypertension 2013;61:564–70.
* Additional information available at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm.
† Additional information available at http://www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/fsrg.
§ Additional information available at http://www.ars.usda.gov/services/docs.htm?docid=12089.
¶ Additional information available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23567248.
** The volume of human milk was assumed to be 600 mL per day for children aged 7–11 months fed only human milk; 600 mL per day minus the volume of infant formula plus other milk for other children aged 7–11 months, 89 mL per human milk feeding for children aged 12–18 months, and 59 mL per feeding for children aged 19–36 months. Sodium, potassium, and energy concentrations in human milk were assumed to be 177 mg/L, 531 mg/L, and 75 kcal/L, respectively, based on the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference values for mature, human milk, 33.8 fluid ounces per liter.
†† PC-SIDE (Software for Intake Distribution Estimation for the Windows operating system), Center for Agriculture and Rural Development, Iowa State University. Additional information available at http://www.side.stat.iastate.edu/pc-side.php and http://www.card.iastate.edu/publications/synopsis.aspx?id=168.
§§ Additional information available at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db113.htm.
¶¶ Additional information available at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-01-26/html/2012-1010.htm.
*** Additional information available at http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892012001000009&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en.
What is already known on this topic?
Excess sodium intake can lead to hypertension and consequent cardiovascular disease. Sodium consumption in the United States is well above national recommendations. Reports of national data on sodium consumption trends are limited.
What is added by this report?
As of 2010, >90% of U.S. adolescents and adults consume sodium in excess of recommendations, and little has changed since 2003. U.S. children have seen a slight decline in excess sodium consumption during the same period, but 80%–90% of children continue to consume excess sodium. From 2003 to 2010, a slight decrease occurred in average sodium intake, but not sodium intake per calorie.
What are the implications for public health practice?
Small reductions in sodium intake might be related to declines in average energy consumption, rather than changes in the amount of sodium per calorie in foods consumed. Given that average energy and sodium intakes have changed little over time, coupling efforts to reduce obesity with efforts to reduce the sodium content per calorie in foods might accelerate reductions in sodium consumed.
Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services.
References to non-CDC sites on the Internet are
provided as a service to MMWR readers and do not constitute or imply
endorsement of these organizations or their programs by CDC or the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services. CDC is not responsible for the content
of pages found at these sites. URL addresses listed in MMWR were current as of
the date of publication.
All MMWR HTML versions of articles are electronic conversions from typeset documents.
This conversion might result in character translation or format errors in the HTML version.
Users are referred to the electronic PDF version (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr)
and/or the original MMWR paper copy for printable versions of official text, figures, and tables.
An original paper copy of this issue can be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC 20402-9371;
telephone: (202) 512-1800. Contact GPO for current prices.
**Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to


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Liebherr Group: Products & Services for Singapore
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There's no material-handling job too tough for Liebherr wheel loaders. At a recycling plant in Munich, smart assistance systems with innovative sensors, modern camera systems and 'intelligent' headlights guarantee optimal safety around the depot.
'My team's safety is my number-one concern', says Thomas Breitsamer. Along with his brother Johann, the 48-year-old heads one of the largest recycling companies in the Munich area. To guarantee safety for everyone who sets foot daily on this very busy terrain to the north of Bavaria's state capital, the visionary entrepreneur relies on technology from Liebherr. He has equipped his L 566 XPower wheel loader with the SkyView assistance system which gives the driver a 360-degree view around the machine at all times. Four cameras from the Liebherr plant in Bischofshofen are installed on the wheel loader, providing the panoramic view that's displayed inside the vehicle's cabin. This is crucial for the driver, considering that up to 800 vehicles cross the six-hectare industrial terrain every day.
When it comes to safety, our philosophy has always been to go just a little further than what the law requires.
From the moment you enter the terrain, it's clear that the Breitsamer company handles an enormous volume of material. Countless trucks arrive, carrying fully loaded containers with all types of waste, while the already unloaded vehicles queue up on the way back out of the terrain. The number-one concern on this traffic-heavy work site is the safety of everyone present. The boss is well aware of this, because he also works as the technical manager here, keeping a close eye on the machine park in particular. 'When it comes to safety, our philosophy has always been to go just a little further than what the law requires.' That's why the SkyView system from Liebherr is only the beginning. As a trained electrical mechanic specialised in heavy vehicles, Breitsamer works closely with Liebherr's product experts in Bischofshofen. 'Direct feedback from our customers is extremely important for product development', says Mark Walcher, Product Manager for large wheel loaders at Liebherr. He meets regularly with Thomas Breitsamer and has visited the site numerous times to watch the Liebherr machines in action. 'We don't just develop our machines for our customers, but also with them. That allows us to offer the best solutions possible', explains Walcher.
For Bauma 2019, Liebherr significantly expanded its package of assistance systems. The SkyView and adaptive work lighting systems were both being updated. Adaptive work lighting is a special lighting system that adjusts the brightness of the headlights according to the job at hand. As an intelligent system, the various lighting components switch on fully automatically and only when needed. Just in time for Bauma, this system has been expanded and given an even more user-friendly design. Another innovation is the 'Remote Control with Coming Home/Leaving Home' functionality. Using a remote control, the driver can switch the machine to work mode even before boarding it. The work headlights are activated to illuminate the hazardous zone surrounding the vehicle. 'This saves time and reduces the risk of accidents, especially when working at night', explains Mark Walcher. This is because boarding and disembarking the machines poses the highest risk of accidents.
Furthermore, Liebherr introduced four all-new assistance systems designed to support machine operators during their day-to-day work. These include an original active rear-view human detection system developed in-house, a new joystick steering system, an improved weighing device and an integrated tyre-pressure monitoring system. 'With this package of systems, we are offering our customers even greater safety along with the utmost efficiency', says the product manager. The new joystick-controlled steering system gives the driver exact feedback about the position of the wheel loader, because the position of the joystick precisely replicates the ramp angle. The sensors of the newly developed rear monitoring system can distinguish between human beings and inanimate objects, warning the machine operator in time, in case anybody is in the hazardous zone behind the machine.
These solutions are all being developed at the Liebherr plant in Bischofshofen, Austria, where wheel loaders have been produced for many decades. 'Bischofshofen coordinates the full development of driver-assistance systems within the Earthmoving division', explains Mark Walcher, who has worked for Liebherr since 2009. They started out as beeper systems similar to the ones in passenger cars that warn drivers of obstacles. However, the shortage of specialised workers today has made more complex assistance systems indispensable. Above all, however, the market (i.e. the customers) continue to optimise their supply chains, and this sets new requirements for vehicle development and construction.
The new joystick steering solution gives the operator precise information about the wheel loader's steering direction. This is because the joystick's orientation corresponds exactly to the current wheel loader articulation angle.
The active personnel detection at the rear helps to avoid accidents involving personal injuries.
The integral tyre pressure monitoring system helps to considerably extends the lifetime of tyres.
The new Liebherr weighing device with "Truck Payload Assist" serves as a checking scale and functions automatically and intelligently with dynamic weighing range adjustment.
The roof camera offers the operator an extended field of vision and excellent visibility of the front operating area of the wheel loader.
Skyview 360° offers the operator a 360-degree view around the wheel loader at all times, with four additional cameras covering the entire machine environment.
Listening to Thomas Breitsamer, you quickly get the impression that you are talking with someone who is running the family business with the deepest respect for his father's life work, but who is also a visionary who takes a long-term view of the future. Along the way, the business has grown from a sanitation company to an ultra-modern recycling operation in which waste products are used to produce alternative fuels. 'We see it as our duty as a waste management company to look at the bigger picture and think about what's next for future generations. That's why we produce over 30,000 tonnes of alternative fuels from the materials deposited here each year', explains Thomas Breitsamer, whose company uses three compact L 507 Stereoloaders in addition to its three large wheel loaders. Another two telescopic handlers from the Liebherr plant in Telf and two wheeled excavators from the Liebherr plant in Kirchdorf also perform without fail on the terrain. 'Here in the Munich area, noise protection and emissions are important factors that have to be considered', says Breitsamer, who enjoys getting behind the wheel of his Liebherr machines himself whenever he finds the time. Breitsamer is impressed with the design of Liebherr's machines. 'They generate very little noise and are extremely fuel-efficient', he says. Ever the pioneer in the field of waste management, Breitsamer already took ownership of his next Liebherr machine at this year's Bauma. The brand-new L 580 XPower wheel loader is equipped with an extensive package of new assistance systems to continually meet the company's needs. 'Our drivers have a big job to do, so we want to make their lives easier with the right technologies.'


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The latest deadline for climate action comes from a EU official. See Real Science: Earth Gets 15 Year Reprieve: 'Gaia has been merciful, and has allowed the UN a few more years of funding and tropical boondoggles'
In 1989, the UN had to solve global warming by the year 2000.
But now the UN has until 2015 to save the planet.
Gaia has been merciful, and has allowed the UN a few more years of funding and tropical boondoggles.
Below is a collection of Climate Tipping Points from recent years:
Once again, the world is being warned of a climate "tipping point." The latest bout of stern warnings comes from a survey of 14 climate "experts."
Get ready, we only have 190 years! Scientists 'expect climate tipping point' by 2200 – UK Independent – June 28, 2010 – Excerpt: "13 of the 14 experts said that the probability of reaching a tipping point (by 2200) was greater than 50 per cent, and 10 said that the chances were 75 per cent or more."
Such silliness. It's difficult to keep up whether it is hours, days, months or 1000 years. Here are few recent examples of others predicting climate "tipping points" of various durations.
Months: Prince Charles claimed a 96-month tipping point in July 2009
Years: Flashback Oct .2009: WWF: 'Five years to save world'
It is becoming obvious that the only authentic climate "tipping point" we can rely is this one:
Flashback 2007: New Zealand Scientist on Global Warming: 'It's All Going to be a Joke in 5 Years' (He wasn't Optimistic enough — it only took 3 years!)
Inconvenient History of Climate 'Tipping Point' Warnings
As early as 1989, the UN was already trying to sell their "tipping point" rhetoric on the public. See: U.N. Warning of 10-Year 'Climate Tipping Point' Began in 1989 – Excerpt: According to July 5, 1989, article in the Miami Herald, the then-director of the New York office of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Noel Brown, warned of a "10-year window of opportunity to solve" global warming. According to the 1989 article, "A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. Coastal flooding and crop failures would create an exodus of 'eco-refugees,' threatening political chaos." (LINK) & (LINK)
NASA scientist James Hansen has been warning of a "tipping point" for years now. See: Earth's Climate Approaches Dangerous Tipping Point – June 1, 2007 – Excerpt: A stern warning that global warming is nearing an irreversible tipping point was issued today" by James Hansen.
Former Vice President Al Gore invented his own "tipping point" clock a few years ago. Excerpt: Former Vice-President Al Gore came to Washington on July 17, 2008, to deliver yet another speech warning of the "climate crisis." "The leading experts predict that we have less than 10 years to make dramatic changes in our global warming pollution lest we lose our ability to ever recover from this environmental crisis," Gore stated.
Prince Charles claimed a 96-month tipping point in July 2009. Excerpt: The heir to the throne told an audience of industrialists and environmentalists at St James's Palace last night that he had calculated that we have just 96 months left to save the world. And in a searing indictment on capitalist society, Charles said we can no longer afford consumerism and that the "age of convenience" was over.
Excerpt: Pollution needs to be brought under control within ten years to stop runaway climate change, according to the latest Met Office predictions. […] "To limit global mean temperature [increases] to below 2C, implied emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere at the end of the century fall close to zero in most cases."
The UN chief Ban Ki-moon further shortened the "tipping point" in August 2009, when he warned of 'incalculable' suffering without climate deal in December 2009!
Newsweek magazine waded into the tipping point claims as well. Newsweek wrote: "The longer the planners delay, the more difficult will they find it to cope with climatic change once the results become grim reality." But, Newsweek's "tipping point" quote appeared in a April 28, 1975 article about global cooling! Same rhetoric, different eco-scare.
[Climate Depot Editor's Note: The public understands that "we must act now" claims are being manufactured for political purposes. See: Gore: U.S. Climate Bill Will Help Bring About 'Global Governance' – July 10, 2009 – It is no wonder that more and more Americans are rejecting climate fears. See: Polling: 'More Americans believe in haunted houses than man-made global warming' – 37% vs. 36% – October 30, 2009 – For another explanation of why climate fear promoters are failing to convince the public, see: MIT Climate Scientist: 'Ordinary people see through man-made climate fears — but educated people are very vulnerable' – July 6, 2009]
UK Scientist Philip Stott ridiculed "tipping point" claims in 2007. Excerpt: In essence, the Earth has been given a 10-year survival warning regularly for the last fifty or so years. We have been serially doomed. […] Our post-modern period of climate change angst can probably be traced back to the late-1960s, if not earlier. By 1973, and the 'global cooling' scare, it was in full swing, with predictions of the imminent collapse of the world within ten to twenty years, exacerbated by the impacts of a nuclear winter. Environmentalists were warning that, by the year 2000, the population of the US would have fallen to only 22 million [the 2007 population estimate is 302,824,000]. […] In 1987, the scare abruptly changed to 'global warming', and the IPCC (the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) was established (1988), issuing its first assessment report in 1990, which served as the basis of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC).
Related Links:
Flashback 2007: Climatologist Dr. Michaels mocks 'tipping points': 'We have to do something in 10 years — they have been saying that for two years. Why don't they at least subtract 2 and make it 8?'
Another Atmospheric Scientist Dissents: Calls fears of CO2 tipping point 'alarmist, ludicrous, and totally without foundation' – July 13, 2009 – 'Over geologic time there has been 15 to 25 times more CO2 than current concentrations'
Antarctic Tipping Point? 'If we don't act soon, the planet will become a barren ball of ice and snow' – October 2, 2009 – '5 of the 6 years with the greatest Southern Hemisphere sea ice extent have occurred in just the last decade'
2007 – GLOBAL WARMING ALARMISM REACHES A TIPPING POINT – October 26, 2007


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Clear the Clutter Once and for All Do you long to simplify the demands on your time, energy, and resources? Have complicated responsibilities, overwhelming to-do lists, and endless clutter left you feeling overwhelmed? Busy wife, mom, entrepreneur, and bestselling author Emily Ley knows how you feel. With a growing family, increased work demands, and more, she understands the struggle it is to keep the plates spinning. In A Simplified Life , you'll find Emily's strategies, systems, and methods for permanently clearing the clutter, organizing your priorities, and living intentionally in 10 key areas--from your home and meal planning, to style and finances, parenting, faith life, and more . Emily will show you how to truly make the most of your days with realistic, achievable, and tactical tools. Walk alongside Emily through each page of the book, working through her simple strategies toward your own goals as you simplify and make space for what matters most.
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- Publisher: Book Depot
- Publish Date: April 2019
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Guangdong Foshan Shunde Wang fat Electronics(Mainland)Co.,Ltd. Which was founded in 1996.Afterwards,we founded Somi Technology(HK) Ltd in 1988 in HK. With our efforts for several years,Wang Fat(SOMI brand)had become an all-in-one professional manufacturer of CATV series products,including research and development, manufacturing,sell,and after-sale service. In 2014, Guangdong Foshan Shunde Wang fat Electronics(Mainland)Co.,Ltd change the company name to Foshan HaoZe Electronic Industrial Limited. We are the professional manufacturer of CATV Amplifier, CATV Splitter&Tap, Satellite Splitter,CATV Wall Socket(Terminal Box), and Other High-Quality CATV Systems Accessories,Audio&Video Connector,Connecting Cable.We have our own engineers,so we can design and produce products according to customers's requirements.All the products are produced by automatic machine,and completely test to ensure our products quality. Our products are excellent in quality but reasonable in price. The products have been sold to Taiwan,Europe,America,HK,Southeast Asia and so on. WangFat hope to provide best quality,favorable production and perfect sevices to its customers over the world. We support various development requests, including OEM/ODM production and more.The satisfaction of customers will be our goal,and we think good faith is very important.We sincerely hope to create successful future by hand in hand with the old and new customers.
Each splitter is packaged by PE bag, and then several bags are packaged by outer carton.
5 or 10 pcs splitters are package by one inner box, and then 10 or 20 boxes are package by outer carton
No PE bag and inner box, the splitters are packaged by outer carton, we will put them on the outer carton neatly
If your order quantity is big enough, we can package base on your requirements.


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Summer 2024
During all summer sessions at UCF, Final Exams are given during the last class meeting.
To view another term, please change the term selection box above. If you have any questions, please contact us.
To view another term, please change the term selection box above. If you have any questions, please contact us.
Comprehensive Final Examinations must be scheduled during the final examination period at the times indicated in the final exam schedule. Any variance from this schedule must be approved by the Dean of the College and reported to the Facilities Scheduler using our Contact Form.
Instructors desiring to schedule multiple section exams must contact the College Assistant/Associate Dean who will coordinate scheduling with the Facilities Scheduler to minimize conflicts. Multiple section exams MUST be scheduled only during the specified multi-section (FREE) exam periods (see below). Instructors scheduling multiple section exams should avoid conflicts for the students who have several multiple section exams.
Multi-section (FREE) exam periods: free exam times will always occur on Saturday during Final Exam week within the following time blocks: [1:00 p.m. – 3:50 p.m.], [4:00 p.m. – 6:50 p.m.], and [7:00 p.m. – 9:50 p.m.]. Other multi-section (free) exam times may vary.
If a class does not meet at one of the time blocks listed, the instructor should contact the Facilities Scheduler using our Contact Form to schedule an appropriate final exam date and time; the instructor is responsible for notifying students. If the new scheduled exam time conflicts with the final exam for another class for any student, the instructor will be required to make special arrangements with the student. Students are responsible for notifying instructors of final exam conflicts.
Assuming there are no conflicts, students are required to take all final exams during the scheduled exam time. There is no policy limiting the number of exams that a student can take in one day. There are five possible time blocks for each exam date; a student may be required to take all five in one day.
"Study Day" may occur at the end of a Fall and/or a Spring semester prior to exams. If a Study Day is scheduled, classes do not meet, exams are not given, and it serves as a day for students to prepare for upcoming final exams. Please check the Academic Calendar to determine if a Study Day has been scheduled for a particular semester.