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Nicholas Meyer appeared on The Bat Segundo Show #310.
Nicholas Meyer is perhaps best known for his work on Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan. He is most recently the author of The View from the Bridge.
Condition of Mr. Segundo: Ah, listener my old friend, do you know the Klingon proverb that tells us revenge is a dish best served cold?
Author: Nicholas Meyer
Subjects Discussed: Lotus positions, talking back to prescience, writing books when the Writers Guild goes on strike, Samuel Johnson, the origins of The Seven Per-Cent Solution, words as a place of retreat, William S. Baring-Gould, generating "scholarly" commentary, Meyer's dislike of Sherlock Holmes movies, Watson being portrayed as a buffoon, using the old Warner shield for Time After Time, the unusual opening shot of Time After Time and developing a directorial voice, Stanley Kubrick on the set of Spartacus, on-the-job training about cinematography, directing Ricardo Montalban, making specific choices, directors who don't know what they want, the importance of understanding actors, finding distinct style with a preexisting Star Trek cast, William Shatner's concerns on Star Trek II, the Coca-Cola product placement in Volunteers, responding to Ken Levine's remarks on the scene that ruined Volunteers, Meyer's problematic metrics with cinematic comedy, Black Orchid, whittling down the original draft of The View from the Bridge, being a script doctor on Fatal Attraction and determining Meyer's precise involvement with the bathtub ending, calculating a film for an audience and the problems with doing so, how to write a good screenplay with Philip Roth's source material, the differences between source material and other versions of the story, The Wizard of Oz, arguments about Dickens film adaptations, thoughts on Josh Olson's "I Will Not Read Your Fucking Script," The Avengers, and why Meyer's frequent flyer miles are in the University of Iowa archive.
Correspondent: You're sitting in a rather strange lotus position.
Meyer: No.
Correspondent: Do you sit like this often?
Meyer: I'm not lotus actually.
Correspondent: Oh. Not lotus.
Meyer: You can't see, but, underneath this table, my legs are stretched out in a very conventional position.
Correspondent: I'm sorry I wasn't noticing your muscular legs.
Meyer: The anti-lotus.
Correspondent: How are you doing?
Meyer: I'm doing fine so far.
Correspondent: Okay. I had a question pertaining to recent events and also pertaining to your work and your tendency to have scripts mirror certain international events. I think, going back to Star Trek VI and Company Business, how real events tended to unfold in relation to those particular scripts. But simultaneously I might argue that you were prescient with one particular character in the Star Trek films. Most recently, as you've probably been reading the headlines or seeing various clips, a certain Congressman from South Carolina basically said something to the President. And I couldn't help but think when that happened, Chekhov saying to Khan, "You lie!" Which I thought was quite prescient of you possibly. But simultaneously, in relation to Chekhov and Presidents, I should point out that Chekhov was able to correctly pronounce "nuclear," whereas the previous President was not. So what do you attribute this linguistic prescience on your part?
Meyer: Well, talking back to prescience is like one of the weirder things that you can do. And I think the fact that Chekhov addressed Khan so disrespectfully in the well of the Botany Bay obviously qualifies him for a Federation reprimand.
Correspondent: Yeah.
Meyer: Does this address your question?
Correspondent: It sort of does. But it's interesting that Chekhov could pronounce "nuclear" where George Bush could not. 43.
Meyer: The list of things that George Bush was unable to pronounce. In order to pronounce some of these things, I think you have to conceive of what they are first.
Correspondent: And Chekhov was able to conceive of what they were. I mean, it's funny that Chekhov was the guy here. This could also have a lot to do with my own particular connections to your work and the larger canvas. But you did bring this up in your book and so I was tempted to infer many things in your scripts that possibly were intended or prescient or seer-like.
Meyer: Well, I think Chekhov's remark clearly, as far as Congressman Wilson is concerned, is an accident. It was about thirty years before. And there are people who go around saying "You lie!" at the drop of a hat. Chekhov, I think, is more right than not when he accuses Khan.
Correspondent: Yeah. I also wanted to ask — just to go to a general question that isn't so convoluted or so crazy. This particular book. Was this written during the writers strike at all?
Meyer: Yes.
Correspondent: It was.
Meyer: I write my books when the Writers Guild goes on strike. You're not allowed to write screenplays. And I usually write it because I have to make money. And Dr. Johnson said a man is a blockhead who writes for any reason except money.
Correspondent: Yes. Well, that's paraphrasing it a bit. But it's close enough.
Meyer: Well, I got "blockhead" and…
Correspondent: You got "blockhead" and "money" definitely. Nobody but a fool wrote for money…
Meyer: For anything except for money, yes.
Correspondent: I think I'm mangling it now. Yeah, I'm familiar with that quote. You were a movie reviewer at the University of Iowa. You then wrote press kits for Paramount. And then you wrote The Love Story Story. And then you headed out west to become a screenwriter and what was, of course, this novel that came about. Quite a circuitous route in terms of approaching the inevitable. And so I'm curious why you postponed it for so long over the years. Was there a definitive answer? You say that you're not an analytical person. But I'm sure you've had many years to think about this roundabout way of going to your present profession.
Meyer: Well, I always wanted to make movies from the time I was very young. I never thought much about the writing part of it. Which is interesting, because I've been writing since I was five years old. Writing was just something I always did. Words were the place to which I retreated. Sort of instinctively and intuitively all my life. I tried writing novels as a young man and I didn't like my novels very much. And by the way, neither did anyone else. So I went to California eventually to seek my fortune and try and get into the movie business. And I was lucky. I started to make some progress. And then just as I was starting to have stuff produced, the Writers Guild did go on strike. This was back in 1972 or '73, I think. And I was sharing digs with a young woman who said, "Well now, since you're not allowed to write screenplays, you can write that book you are always talking about." And that book was my fanciful notion of a Sherlock Holmes adventure, in which Holmes met and joined forces intellectually as well as narratively with Sigmund Freud. And there really wasn't any good reason at that point not to try doing it. I don't think I was expecting it to add up to much. But it was as much a way of passing the time when I wasn't on the strike line as anything else.
And so, yes, it became a big success. It was the number one best-selling novel for a while in the United States. And then when it was optioned for the movies, I said, "Yes, I will sell you the option on condition that I write the script." And the script with all its faults was lucky enough to be nominated for an Oscar. And so that sort of led me to the next level. And the next screenplay I wrote, I said, "Yes, I will sell you the script, but I must direct the movie." And so I leapfrogged my way into my profession.
BSS #310: Nicholas Meyer (Download MP3)


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Last modified: 2024-06-08 by martin karner
Keywords: jerusalem | israel | yerushalayyim | iriyat yerushalayyim | coat of arms (lion: blue) | text: hebrew (blue) |
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(8:11) image by Eugene Ipavec, 5 September 2007
Coat-of-arms adopted 13th November 1958
See also:
The lion (...) is the symbol of Yehuda (Judah) Tribe.
Dov Gutterman, 18 November 1998
I have lived in Jerusalem, a few blocks away from City Hall,
for a number of years. The charge and its inscription are yellow
(or gold) and blue (or "indigo"), like the two
horizontal stripes, and definitely not black.
The inscription is merely the city's name in Hebrew.
The brickwork pattern represents the Kotel or Western
Wall (of the Temple Mount). The fructed olive branches are, as in
the national emblem and presidential standard, indicative of
peace and goodwill. Yellow and white are said to represent the
gold and silver vessels used in the Holy Temple of King Solomon
on Mount Moriah. The color blue presumably symbolizes the tekhelet,
a special dye used for tsitsiyot (fringes or tassels) on
the talit (prayer shawl) and beged shel arba kanfot
(four-cornered garment). There are other valid interpretations as
I am afraid that, for the moment, the source of this explanation
is no better than the common knowledge. This does not necessarily
make it hearsay, though. I suppose that just about any
Jerusalemite who would claim to know the flag's significance will
give the same reckoning I did. In truth, I have no doubt one
could find any number of glossy coffee-table editions available
in Jerusalem bookstores to corroborate that account, but if you
were to question the authors, they would likely give you the same
source I just did. In any event, the interpretation is not, to my
knowledge, in dispute. There may well be some circles who find
its symbolism somehow objectionable and offer substitutes of
their own invention. So far as the actual devices on the flag are
concerned, I can say that a careful examination of the wall in
the flag will show that it is identical to the Western Wall. Yes,
there is a unique pattern to the bricks.
M. Breier, 18/20 June 1999
The Jerusalem emblem was adopted in 1949 following an official
competition, similar to the one for
the national flag and emblem. A few years ago the City
Gallery of Jerusalem (a fancy name for a one-room gallery near
the City Hall) held an exhibition on the subject, showing some of
the proposals. They also published a booklet, which I was lucky
to obtain but since traded it and kept only a photocopy. The
information there supports the explanation given by M. Breier.
Among the 1949 proposals there was one that was a truly heraldic
achievement: a shield with the five
Crusader crosses, lions as supporters and a lion crest. Also
a motto in Latin Nisi Dominus Custodierit Civitatem.
The booklet claims that this proposal, by Ronald Bretton of
Halifax, England, is an expression of the symbolic meaning of
Jerusalem as a Holy City for all three religions (Judaism,
Christianity, Islam). They say that the lions are the Lions of
Judea. I disagree lions are very common in heraldry, and
even if this is the Lion of Judea, where is the Moslem element?
This proposal made me laugh it shows that the artist had a
good knowledge of heraldry and history and lack of any
knowledge at all about modern Jerusalem, offering a Christian
symbol to a Jewish city (in 1949 Jerusalem was divided so the
emblem was for the Jewish part only). Heraldically, it is
impressive I have seen the original at the City Archives.
Nahum Shereshevsky, 26 June 1999
The municipal emblem was published in the official gazette (Rashumot),
YP 633, 13 November 1958.
Dov Gutterman, 4 September 2001
The capital of Israel (670'000 inh. in 2003) and an holy site
to three religions.
Some sites describe the emblem of the city but mainly say the
same: The official
site report: "The emblem of the city of Jerusalem tell
the story of the early days of the State of Israel. Right after
the establishment of the state, a decision was made that the
emblem of the city of Jerusalem, as the capital of the State of
Israel, should reflects the city's special meaning for the Jewish
nation. At the first day od Adar 5710 (1950), the official emblem
of the Jerusalem the capital, was chosen and printed.
The chosen emblem make reference to the glory of the past of the
nation of Israel - the stone wall, as opposed to the olive
branches which introduce the hope and paces of peace of a capital
in a renewing state. The symbol of a lion, guarding the wall,
symbolize the linkage of the capital to Juda Tribe estate and
exists as one of the common Jewish symbols which had decorated
holy vessels and ornamental curtain and doors of the holy ark in
the synagogue....The designer was Eliyahu Koren."
See also: <siach.project.org.il>,
and <www.jafi.org.il>.
The emblem appeared on a stamp
issued on 2 February 1966.
Dov Gutterman, 21 April 2005
image located by William Garrison, 28 May 2024
(source, picture)
image by Eugene Ipavec, 5 September 2007
The Jerusalem flag also appears in a semi-official celebratory
version, taller than it is wide, with the shield between two
vertical stripes.
M. Breier, 20 June 1999
I think the proportions are wrong. Jerusalem flag is really an
"emblem on national flag" and Israeli
vertical national flags are not 8:11 as the horizontal one
but 1:3 and more. If you want the GIF being proportional then it
should have a smaller emblem and thinner stripes.
Dov Gutterman, 23 June 1999
The image looks right in every detail, except these things
typically (though not necessarily) are much, much longer. Also, I
must reiterate, that as far as I know, they may have no more
official status than decorative party favours. I feel obliged to
report their existence chiefly because they are so commonplace.
Whether they have ever been formally recognized and quantified
I do not know. I can say that I have found them hanging on
the walls of City Hall itself, so that is probably a strong
indicator that it receives, at least, tacit approval.
When it appears in the short form (1:3?), a typical
display is flying it paired, side-by-side, with top and bottom
edges run through with rods fastened to either side of a pole. In
such a manner, it is held erect throughout display, irrespective
of wind conditions. I'm sure there must be an obscure technical
term for this type of arrangement, perhaps a true vexillum?
When so displayed, it is as often from a streetlamp, telephone
pole etc. as it is from a proper flagpole.
M. Breier, 24 June 1999
I located a photo of a
table flag of Jerusalem. The photo came from the German
newspaper Berliner Morgenpost
from 13 February, 1997. Text under the photo:
"Historisch bedeutungsvolle Sitzung in Jerusalem: Premier
Netanjahu und der Bürgermeister der heiligen Stadt, Ehud
Olmert" (Historically significant session in Jerusalem:
Prime Minister Netanyahu and Ehud Olmert, the mayor of the holy
It is known that the city flag of Jerusalem has the
national flag's background. Therefore, I have been surprised that the
table flag is divided into two strips. Does the mayor have,
possibly, an own flag? Which flag is official? National background
or bicolor?
Jens Pattke, 20 November 2004
Neither. There are no official municipal flags in Israel, just
flags in use (de-facto), which means that they can use any
pattern they want.
It is not uncommon that desk flags and regular flags are
different. I got about 30 municipal desk flags and most of them
are different from the de-facto regular flags.
Dov Gutterman, 20 November 2004
image: Wikipedia


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GIL .. BIOSCI/Bionet News .. Biosequences .. Software .. FTP |
Dear Colleague: You are invited to attend the Plant & Animal Genome XVI Conference (PAG-XVI), January 12-16, 2008 taking place at the Town & Country Convention Center in San Diego, California. This is a reminder for abstracts and pre-registration. Everyone who submits an abstract is required to pay the registration fee prior to the meeting to be included in the Final Abstract Guide and posted on the website. You must be registered by December 1, or your abstract will NOT be printed or posted on the website. A new 40,000 sq. ft. Grand Exhibit Hall will be available for posters, exhibits, and coffee breaks; it's connected to the Atlas Foyer. The meeting will again offer the satellite sessions and workshops which took place at Plant & Animal Genome XV. There will be over 100 technical, industry, and computer training workshops. The meeting draft for PAG-XVI and abstracts from PG-I through PAG-XV are available on the PAG website at: http://intl-pag.org. We again will try to have no evening workshops past 7:30 PM, allowing for more social time at night. We are requesting that all abstracts be submitted electronically. Point your browser to the address below and click on the "Abstracts Submission" link when ready to submit your abstract at: http://intl-pag.org Due to severe delays in getting VISAs to enter the US, we recommend that you plan ahead and begin the process now. DO NOT WAIT. See the information link at the web site as updates are provided. All researchers presenting posters must pre-register for the meeting to have their abstract printed in the final meeting program. The abstract deadline is Friday, October 5, 2007. Registration is available via the internet using our secure on-line registration form. The pre-registration deadline for the reduced fee of $525 (non-profit/univ/gov't)/$725 (industry) is November 1, 2007. After November 1, the late registration fee of $625 (non-profit/univ/gov't)/$825 (industry) applies (postmarked date will be used for all deadlines). The On-site fee will be an additional $100 added to the late registration fee. The pre-registration fee for students will be $325, after November 1 the late registration fee of $375 applies and the on-site rate will be an additional $50. The pre-registration fee for the Weekend Only (SAT/SUN) will be $350, after November 1 the late registration fee of $400 applies and the on-site rate will be an additional $50. All questions regarding Plant & Animal Genome XVI should be directed to Scherago Int'l at Tel: 201-653-4777 ext. 20, Fax: 201-653-5705 or Email: pag from scherago.com. Sincerely, Darrin Scherago - VP, Meeting Manager Scherago International, Inc. 525 Washington Blvd., Suite 3310, Jersy City, NJ 07310 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Plant & Animal Genome XVI Conference ----------------- January 12-16, 2008 --------------------------------------------------------------------------


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By Anne D'innocenzio
I've been a land-based traveler for most of my life. Motor coaches and cars have helped me explore everything from Italy's Tuscany region to Ireland's Rings of Kerry. But recently I discovered a love for river cruising.
After returning from a cruise on the legendary Rhine, I'm happily considering trips to other iconic waterways such as the Danube for next year. Sure, there were a few wrinkles, but they didn't take away from what I found was a charming, intimate experience — with not only the river, but the people on the ship.
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The idea for the trip started with my globe-trotting mother, who'd taken a trip on a barge on the Seine in the 1990s and had always raved about it. So for $3,100 (per person, double occupancy, excluding airfare), my mother, my sister, a friend and I booked an eight-day trip with Avalon Waterways on the Rhine, starting in Basel, Switzerland and ending in Amsterdam, with stops that included Strasbourg, France, and Heidelberg and Cologne, Germany. Typical of most river cruises, the price covered meals, wine with dinner and most shore excursions.
While river cruises carry just a fraction of the number of passengers that go on mainstream cruises, the industry has been exploding. The number of people taking river cruises has increased 57 percent since 2008, according to the Cruise Lines International Association. That compares with 23 percent growth for mainstream cruises during the same time frame. European river cruises are expected to carry about 400,000 people next year, according to Patrick Clark, managing director of Avalon Waterways, among the world's five largest river cruise operators.
"People love it. It's convenient, and visually, you get to see more," said Lanie Morgenstern, the trade group's spokeswoman. The trips are geared to a more sophisticated traveler who wants to mix up the trips for a deeper understanding of the area, she added.
New river boats also have more amenities than in the past. The vessels must be narrow enough to fit through locks and low enough to pass under bridges that predate large cruise ships, so their cabins are traditionally smaller than on ocean-going ships, with less room for large recreational areas. But river cruise operators are finding ways to add features such as small pools, and they're upgrading in other ways, too, improving menus and decor.
Still, ahead of my trip, I worried I would get a narrow sense of the region — after all, the itinerary is limited to destinations with river ports and what you can see during a few hours on a port call. I also thought I might get bored on a vessel that lacked the comforts of a big ship. In fact, the fitness room turned out to be the size of a large closet, and there was no swimming pool, just a whirlpool. And while the three-level Avalon Felicity was comfortable, it wasn't luxurious.
Still, I was pleased with the trip and the at-your-service staff of 40 — a better than 3:1 ratio of crew to passengers. Food was top-notch, with buffets for breakfast and lunch, and more formal sit-down dinners. The only downside: We had all of our meals on board with few opportunities to interact with locals. So whenever I got the chance, I had coffee or dessert in the towns. The good news: next year, Avalon Waterways will offer onshore dining options as part of its overall plan to personalize the experience.
My cabin, which I shared with my mother, was small but comfortable, with twin beds inches apart. Luggage had to be stored under the beds but there was enough cabinet space to unload belongings. But I spent very little time in my room. Most of my waking hours onboard were on deck or in a lounge looking out.
The highlight was sitting on the deck with other passengers as we passed by the romantic middle of the Rhine: the 40 or so miles between Bingen and Koblenz, Germany that define our dreamy notion of the legendary waterway. There, our cruise director, Romanian-born Hans Beckert, offered a narrative of the string of medieval castles, quaint villages and fortresses we passed. Not to mention the towering Lorelei rock named after the siren whose beauty distracted sailors. It's where the river is the narrowest and deepest.
We visited a different port every day, sometimes even two. Sightseeing included walking tours, canal rides and tours of museums and churches. Occasionally the schedule felt stressful, with some departures just a few hours after arrivals. On the day we visited the German town of Mainz, after checking out an original printed bible in the Guttenberg Museum, we ran up the cobbled streets to look at Marc Chagall's stained glass windows in St. Stephen's Church, then sprinted back to the vessel for lunch before we set sail in the afternoon for Rudesheim, known for its wine. But that's the tradeoff with a cruise itinerary: You don't need to worry about getting from place to place, but you have to do it on a set schedule.
Still, most of the ports were right in town, so once we landed, rarely did we have to take a bus to get to our destination. And most onshore activities were included in the cost of the cruise, though there were a few options for additional fees.
One of my favorite outings was wine-tasting in Obernai, France. And I fell in love with Rudesheim, where we visited the enchanting Siegfried's Mechanical Music Cabinet Museum that featured self-playing instruments dating back to the 18th century. I also took a cable car to the top of the steep, grapevine-covered hills and enjoyed a magnificent view of vineyards and the Rhine River.
Activities in Amsterdam included a tour of the Van Gogh Museum and a canal boat ride. But we also took an optional, two-hour chaperoned tour of the city's famous red light district. Imagine three dozen tourists — many of them gray-haired retirees — gawking at the bikini-clad young women in the windows. A couple of times we were heckled by rowdy revelers.
Amsterdam was the cruise's final port. We decided to stay a few days in the Dutch capital for more sightseeing, so we checked into a hotel near the port. I could see the ship from my hotel room's window. Later the next day, I noticed the ship was gone, off with a new group of passengers on another adventure. I felt a twinge of sadness, but knew I would come back to the river again.
If You Go …
River cruises: Prices vary by time of year, itinerary and level of luxury with fares typically per person, double occupancy, covering meals and most shore excursions. European river cruise season generally runs until October but there are also Christmas market cruises in Austria and Germany in late November and December. Companies that offer European river cruises include Avalon Waterways, AmaWaterways, American Cruise Line, Uniworld Boutique River Cruise Collection, Vantage, Viking, Regent, Seabourn and Silversea.


text:
Please note that the recommended version of Scilab is 2024.1.0. This page might be outdated.
See the recommended documentation of this function
Computes the unconstrained minimimum of given function with the Nelder-Mead algorithm.
x = fminsearch ( costf , x0 ) x = fminsearch ( costf , x0 , options ) [x,fval] = fminsearch ( costf , x0 , options ) [x,fval,exitflag] = fminsearch ( costf , x0 , options ) [x,fval,exitflag,output] = fminsearch ( costf , x0 , options )
This function searches for the unconstrained minimum of a given cost function.
The provided algorithm is a direct search algorithm, i.e. an algorithm which does not use the derivative of the cost function. It is based on the update of a simplex, which is a set of k>=n+1 vertices, where each vertex is associated with one point and one function value. This algorithm is the Nelder-Mead algorithm.
See the demonstrations, in the Optimization section, for an overview of this component.
See the "Nelder-Mead User's Manual" on Scilab's wiki and on the Scilab forge for further information.
This function is based on a specialized use of the more general neldermead component. Users which want to have a more flexible solution based on direct search algorithms should consider using the neldermead component instead of the fminsearch function.
- costf
a function or a list, the objective function. This function computes the value of the cost function.
See below for the details of the communication between the optimization system and the cost function.
- x0
a matrix of doubles, the initial guess.
- options
A struct which contains configurable options of the algorithm (see below for details).
- x
The minimum.
- fval
The minimum function value.
- exitflag
The flag associated with exist status of the algorithm.
The following values are available.
- -1
The maximum number of iterations has been reached.
- 0
The maximum number of function evaluations has been reached.
- 1
The tolerance on the simplex size and function value delta has been reached. This signifies that the algorithm has converged, probably to a solution of the problem.
- output
A struct which stores detailed information about the exit of the algorithm. This struct contains the following fields.
- output.algorithm
A string containing the definition of the algorithm used, i.e. 'Nelder-Mead simplex direct search'.
- output.funcCount
The number of function evaluations.
- output.iterations
The number of iterations.
- output.message
A string containing a termination message.
The cost function
The costf
argument to configure the cost function. The cost
function is used to compute the objective function value f
The cost function must have the following header :
f = costf ( x )
- x
the current point
- f
the value of the cost function
It might happen that the function requires additional arguments to be evaluated.
In this case, we can use the following feature.
The argument costf
can also be the list (myfun,a1,a2,...)
In this case myfun
, the first element in the list, must be a function and must
have the header:
f = myfun ( x, a1, a2, ...)
a1, a2, ...
are automatically appended at the end of the calling sequence.Options
In this section, we describe the options input argument which have an effect on the algorithm used by fminsearch.
The options input argument is a data structure which drives the behaviour of fminsearch. It allows to handle several options in a consistent and simple interface, without the problem of managing many input arguments.
These options must be set with the optimset function. See the optimset help for details of the options managed by this function.
The fminsearch function is sensitive to the following options.
- options.MaxIter
The maximum number of iterations. The default is 200 * n, where n is the number of variables.
- options.MaxFunEvals
The maximum number of evaluations of the cost function. The default is 200 * n, where n is the number of variables.
- options.TolFun
The absolute tolerance on function value. The default value is 1.e-4.
- options.TolX
The absolute tolerance on simplex size. The default value is 1.e-4.
- options.Display
The verbose level. Possible values are "notify", "iter", "final" and "off". The default value is "notify".
- options.OutputFcn
The output function, or a list of output functions. The default value is empty.
- options.PlotFcns
The plot function, or a list of plotput functions. The default value is empty.
Termination criteria
In this section, we describe the termination criteria used by fminsearch.
The criteria is based on the following variables:
- ssize
the current simplex size,
- shiftfv
the absolute value of the difference of function value between the highest and lowest vertices.
If both the following conditions
ssize < options.TolX
shiftfv < options.TolFun
are true, then the iterations stop.
The size of the simplex is computed using the "sigmaplus" method of the optimsimplex component. The "sigmamplus" size is the maximum length of the vector from each vertex to the first vertex. It requires one loop over the vertices of the simplex.
The initial simplex
The fminsearch algorithm uses a special initial simplex, which is an heuristic depending on the initial guess. The strategy chosen by fminsearch corresponds to the -simplex0method flag of the neldermead component, with the "pfeffer" method. It is associated with the -simplex0deltausual = 0.05 and -simplex0deltazero = 0.0075 parameters. Pfeffer's method is a heuristic which is presented in "Global Optimization Of Lennard-Jones Atomic Clusters" by Ellen Fan. It is due to L. Pfeffer at Stanford. See in the help of optimsimplex for more details.
The number of iterations
In this section, we present the default values for the number of iterations in fminsearch.
The options input argument is an optional data structure which can contain the options.MaxIter field. It stores the maximum number of iterations. The default value is 200n, where n is the number of variables. The factor 200 has not been chosen by chance, but is the result of experiments performed against quadratic functions with increasing space dimension.
This result is presented in "Effect of dimensionality on the nelder-mead simplex method" by Lixing Han and Michael Neumann. This paper is based on Lixing Han's PhD, "Algorithms in Unconstrained Optimization". The study is based on numerical experiment with a quadratic function where the number of terms depends on the dimension of the space (i.e. the number of variables). Their study shows that the number of iterations required to reach the tolerance criteria is roughly 100n. Most iterations are based on inside contractions. Since each step of the Nelder-Mead algorithm only require one or two function evaluations, the number of required function evaluations in this experiment is also roughly 100n.
Output and plot functions
The optimset function can be used to configure one or more output and plot functions.
The output function is expected to have the following header:
stop = myoutputfun ( x , optimValues , state )
The input arguments x
, optimValues
and state
are described in detail in the optimset
help page.
Set the stop
boolean variable to false to continue the optimization and
set it to true to interrupt the optimization.
The optimValues.procedure
field represent the type of step
used during the current iteration and can be equal to one
of the following strings
"" (the empty string),
"initial simplex",
"contract inside",
"contract outside".
The plot function is expected to have the following header:
myplotfun ( x , optimValues , state )
where the input arguments x
, optimValues
and state
have the same definition as for the output function.
In the following example, we use the fminsearch function to compute the minimum of the Rosenbrock function. We first define the function "banana", and then use the fminsearch function to search the minimum, starting with the initial guess [-1.2 1.0]. In this particular case, 85 iterations are performed and 159 function evaluations are
function y=banana(x) y = 100*(x(2)-x(1)^2)^2 + (1-x(1))^2; endfunction [x, fval, exitflag, output] = fminsearch ( banana , [-1.2 1] )
Example with customized options
In the following example, we configure the absolute tolerance
on the size of the simplex to a larger value, so that the algorithm
performs less iterations. Since the default value of "TolX" for the
fminsearch function is 1.e-4, we decide to use 1.e-2.
The optimset function is used to create an
optimization data structure and the field associated with the string "TolX"
is set to 1.e-2. The opt
data structure is then
passed to the fminsearch
function as the third
input argument.
In this particular case, the number of iterations is 70
with 130 function evaluations.
function y=banana(x) y = 100*(x(2)-x(1)^2)^2 + (1-x(1))^2; endfunction opt = optimset ( "TolX" , 1.e-2 ); [x , fval , exitflag , output] = fminsearch ( banana , [-1.2 1] , opt )
Example with a pre-defined plot function
In the following example, we want to produce a graphic of the
progression of the algorithm, so that we can include that graphic
into a report without defining a customized plot function.
The fminsearch
function comes with the
following 3 pre-defined functions :
optimplotfval, which plots the function value,
optimplotx, which plots the current point
,optimplotfunccount, which plots the number of function evaluations.
In the following example, we use the three pre-defined functions in order to create one graphic, representing the function value depending on the number of iterations.
function y=banana(x) y = 100*(x(2)-x(1)^2)^2 + (1-x(1))^2; endfunction opt = optimset ( "PlotFcns" , optimplotfval ); [x fval] = fminsearch ( banana , [-1.2 1] , opt );
In the previous example, we could replace the "optimplotfval" function with "optimplotx" or "optimplotfunccount" and obtain different results. In fact, we can get all the figures at the same time, by setting the "PlotFcns" to a list of functions, as in the following example.
function y=banana(x) y = 100*(x(2)-x(1)^2)^2 + (1-x(1))^2; endfunction myfunctions = list ( optimplotfval , optimplotx , optimplotfunccount ); opt = optimset ( "PlotFcns" , myfunctions ); [x fval] = fminsearch ( banana , [-1.2 1] , opt );
Example with a customized output function
In the following example, we want to produce intermediate
outputs of the algorithm. We define the outfun
function, which takes the current point x
as input argument.
The function plots the current point into the current graphic window
with the plot
We use the "OutputFcn" feature of the optimset function
and set it to the output function. Then the option data structure is passed to the
function. At each iteration, the output
function is called back, which creates and update an interactive plot.
While this example creates a 2D plot, the user may customized the
output function so that it writes a message in the console, write some
data into a data file, etc... The user can distinguish
between the output function (associated with the "OutputFcn" option)
and the plot function (associated with the "PlotFcns" option).
See the optimset for more details on this feature.
Example with customized "Display"
The "Display" option allows to get some input about the intermediate steps of the algorithm as well as to be warned in case of a convergence problem.
In the following example, we present what happens in case of a convergence problem. We set the number of iterations to 10, instead of the default 400 iterations. We know that 85 iterations are required to reach the convergence criteria. Therefore, the convergence criteria is not met and the maximum number of iterations is reached.
function y=banana(x) y = 100*(x(2)-x(1)^2)^2 + (1-x(1))^2; endfunction opt = optimset ( "MaxIter" , 10 ); [x fval] = fminsearch ( banana , [-1.2 1] , opt );
Since the default value of the "Display" option is "notify", a message is generated, which warns the user about a possible convergence problem. The previous script produces the following output.
Exiting: Maximum number of iterations has been exceeded - increase MaxIter option. Current function : 4.1355598
Notice that if the "Display" option is now set to "off", no message is displayed at all. Therefore, the user should be warned that turning the Display "off" should be used at your own risk...
In the following example, we present how to display intermediate steps used by the algorithm. We simply set the "Display" option to the "iter" value.
function y=banana(x) y = 100*(x(2)-x(1)^2)^2 + (1-x(1))^2; endfunction opt = optimset ( "Display" , "iter" ); [x fval] = fminsearch ( banana , [-1.2 1] , opt );
The previous script produces the following output. It allows to see the number of function evaluations, the minimum function value and which type of simplex step is used for the iteration.
Iteration Func-count min f(x) Procedure 0 3 24.2 1 3 20.05 initial simplex 2 5 5.161796 expand 3 7 4.497796 reflect 4 9 4.497796 contract outside 5 11 4.3813601 contract inside etc...
Example with customized output
In this section, we present an example where all the fields from the optimValues
data structure are used to print a message at each iteration.
function stop=outfun(x, optimValues, state) fc = optimValues.funccount; fv = optimValues.fval; it = optimValues.iteration; pr = optimValues.procedure; mprintf ( "%d %e %d -%s-\n" , fc , fv , it , pr ) stop = %f endfunction opt = optimset ( "OutputFcn" , outfun ); [x fval] = fminsearch ( banana , [-1.2 1] , opt );
The previous script produces the following output.
3 2.420000e+001 0 -- 3 2.005000e+001 1 -initial simplex- 5 5.161796e+000 2 -expand- 7 4.497796e+000 3 -reflect- 9 4.497796e+000 4 -contract outside- 11 4.381360e+000 5 -contract inside- 13 4.245273e+000 6 -contract inside- [...] 157 1.107549e-009 84 -contract outside- 159 8.177661e-010 85 -contract inside- 159 8.177661e-010 85 --
Passing extra parameters
In the following example, we solve a modified Rosenbrock test case.
Notice that the objective function has two extra parameters
and b
This is why the costf
argument is set as a list,
where the first element is the function and the
remaining elements are the extra parameters.
function y=bananaext(x, a, b) y = a*(x(2)-x(1)^2)^2 + (b-x(1))^2; endfunction a = 100; b = 12; xopt = [12 144] fopt = 0 [x fval] = fminsearch ( list(bananaext,a,b) , [10 100] )
Some advices
In this section, we present some practical advices with respect to the Nelder-Mead method. A deeper analysis is provided in the bibliography at the end of this help page, as well as in the "Nelder-Mead User's Manual" provided on Scilab's Wiki. The following is a quick list of tips to overcome problems that may happen with this algorithm.
We should consider the optim function before considering the
function. Because optim uses the gradient of the function and uses this information to guess the local curvature of the cost function, the number of iterations and function evaluations is (much) lower with optim, when the function is sufficiently smooth. If the derivatives of the function are not available, it is still possible to use numerical derivatives combined with the optim function: this feature is provided by the numderivative function. If the function has discontinuous derivatives, the optim function provides thend
solver which is very efficient. Still, there are situations where the cost function is discontinuous or "noisy". In these situations, thefminsearch
function can perform well.We should not expected a fast convergence with many parameters, i.e. more that 10 to 20 parameters. It is known that the efficiency of this algorithm decreases rapidly when the number of parameters increases.
The default tolerances are set to pretty loose values. We should not reduce the tolerances in the goal of getting very accurate results. Because the convergence rate of Nelder-Mead's algorithm is low (at most linear), getting a very accurate solution will require a large number of iterations. Instead, we can most of the time expect a "good reduction" of the cost function with this algorithm.
Although the algorithm practically converges in many situations, the Nelder-Mead algorithm is not a provably convergent algorithm. There are several known counter-examples where the algorithm fails to converge on a stationnary point and, instead, converge to a non-stationnary point. This situation is often indicated by a repeated application of the contraction step. In that situation, we simply restart the algorithm with the final point as the new initial guess. If the algorithm converges to the same point, there is a good chance that this point is a "good" solution.
Taking into account for bounds constraints or non-linear inequality constraints can be done by penalization methods, i.e. setting the function value to a high value when the constraints are not satisfied. While this approach works in some situations, it may also fail. In this case, users might be interested in Box's complex algorithm, provided by Scilab in the
component. If the problem is really serious, Box's complex algorithm will also fail and a more powerful solver is necessary.
"Sequential Application of Simplex Designs in Optimisation and Evolutionary Operation", Spendley, W. and Hext, G. R. and Himsworth, F. R., American Statistical Association and American Society for Quality, 1962
"A Simplex Method for Function Minimization", Nelder, J. A. and Mead, R., The Computer Journal, 1965
"Iterative Methods for Optimization", C. T. Kelley, SIAM Frontiers in Applied Mathematics, 1999
"Algorithm AS47 - Function minimization using a simplex procedure", O'Neill, R., Applied Statistics, 1971
"Effect of dimensionality on the nelder-mead simplex method", Lixing Han and Michael Neumann, Optimization Methods and Software, 21, 1, 1--16, 2006.
"Algorithms in Unconstrained Optimization", Lixing Han, Ph.D., The University of Connecticut, 2000.
"Global Optimization Of Lennard-Jones Atomic Clusters" Ellen Fan, Thesis, February 26, 2002, McMaster University
"Nelder Mead's User Manual", Consortium Scilab - Digiteo, Michael Baudin, 2010
See Also
- optim — non-linear optimization routine
- neldermead — Provides direct search optimization algorithms.
- optimset — Configures and returns an optimization data structure.
- optimget — Queries an optimization data structure.
- optimplotfval — Plot the function value of an optimization algorithm
- optimplotx — Plot the value of the parameters of an optimization algorithm
- optimplotfunccount — Plot the number of function evaluations of an optimization algorithm
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text:
Your footprint is more than just a mark left on the ground—it can provide valuable insights into the health and structure of your feet. In this article, we'll explore the different types of footprints, what they can reveal about your feet, and how you can use this information to maintain foot health.
Types of Footprints
There are three primary types of footprints that individuals typically exhibit:
Neutral foot: A neutral foot shows a balanced distribution of weight across the entire foot, with a noticeable arch in the middle. This type of footprint indicates a normal foot structure and weight distribution, with the arch providing shock absorption and stability during walking and other weight-bearing activities.
Flat foot: A flat foot, also known as a low arch or fallen arch, shows a complete or near-complete contact of the foot with the ground. This type of footprint indicates a lack of arch support, resulting in overpronation (excessive inward rolling of the foot) during walking. Flat feet can be congenital (present from birth) or acquired due to factors such as age, obesity, or injury.
High arch: A high arch, also known as a supinated foot, shows minimal contact with the ground, with only the heel and the ball of the foot making contact. This type of footprint indicates a high arch structure, which can lead to underpronation (insufficient inward rolling of the foot) during walking. High arches can be genetic or acquired and may be associated with conditions such as cavus foot or neurological disorders.
What Your Footprint Can Reveal
Your footprint can reveal important information about the structure, function, and health of your feet:
Arch type: By examining your footprint, you can determine whether you have a neutral arch, flat feet, or high arches. Understanding your arch type can help you choose appropriate footwear and orthotic devices to provide adequate support and prevent foot problems.
Pronation: Your footprint can also indicate your degree of pronation, which refers to the natural inward rolling motion of the foot during walking. Overpronation (flat feet) and underpronation (high arches) can affect your gait (walking pattern) and increase the risk of foot injuries and conditions such as plantar fasciitis, shin splints, and stress fractures.
Pressure distribution: Your footprint can show how weight is distributed across your feet while standing or walking. Uneven pressure distribution or excessive pressure in certain areas of the foot can indicate biomechanical issues or foot deformities that may require intervention or treatment.
Using Your Footprint to Maintain Foot Health
Understanding your footprint can empower you to take proactive steps to maintain foot health and prevent problems:
Choose appropriate footwear: Select shoes that are designed for your specific arch type and pronation pattern. For example, individuals with flat feet may benefit from stability or motion control shoes with built-in arch support, while those with high arches may need cushioned shoes with flexibility to accommodate their foot shape.
Use orthotic devices: Consider using orthotic inserts or custom-made orthotics to provide additional support and cushioning for your feet. Orthotics can help correct biomechanical imbalances, improve foot alignment, and reduce the risk of foot injuries and overuse conditions.
Practice foot exercises: Perform strengthening and stretching exercises to improve foot strength, flexibility, and stability. Exercises such as toe curls, arch lifts, and calf stretches can help strengthen the muscles, tendons, and ligaments of the feet and ankles, reducing the risk of overpronation or underpronation.
Seek professional evaluation: If you experience foot pain, discomfort, or instability, consult a podiatrist or healthcare professional for a comprehensive foot evaluation. They can assess your foot structure, gait mechanics, and biomechanics and recommend appropriate treatments or interventions to address any underlying foot issues.
Your footprint can provide valuable insights into the structure, function, and health of your feet. By understanding your arch type, pronation pattern, and pressure distribution, you can make informed decisions about footwear, orthotic devices, and foot care practices to maintain foot health and prevent problems. If you have concerns about your foot health or experience foot-related symptoms, don't hesitate to seek professional evaluation and guidance from a podiatrist or healthcare professional.
The information on this website is provided for educational and information purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult with a licensed medical provider and follow their recommendations regardless of what you read on this website. If you think you are having a medical emergency, dial 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. Links to other third-party websites are provided for your convenience only. If you decide to access any of the third-party websites, you do so entirely at your own risk and subject to the terms of use for those websites. Neither Allenmore Foot Care Center, nor any contributor to this website, makes any representation, express or implied, regarding the information provided on this website or any information you may access on a third-party website using a link. Use of this website does not establish a doctor-patient relationship. If you would like to request an appointment with a health care provider, please call our office at 253-572-4848.


text:
Gigya is the number 1 social site plugin, that must you choice for your websites. By Gigya you may integrating your online businesses with the most popular social networks such as : Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn. With Gigya plugin for WordPress, you can invite many people on you contact or relation on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn to come to your site, so this plugin also can be a marketing tool. Gigya can be a consolidating the most powerful social features in a single solution. The plugin offers a suite of social plugins such as Social Login, Share, Comments and Community features enabling sites to drive social registrations, scalable word-of-mouth marketing and community interaction.
Gigya plugin for WordPress is fully configurable and it's not too easy to do it, just need a little time to configure Read the rest of this entry »


text:
Gary Shannon is a retired software engineer who has been interested in invented languages since first learning Pig Latin somewhere around 1950. He studied Esperanto briefly in 1960, but found himself more interested in "fixing what was wrong" with the language than in actually using it. He has been interested in collaborative language creation for at least 50 years, and has participated in numerous joint language creation experiments and projects.
Historically, whenever several people become involed in the creation of a constructed language a new class of problems arise that don't exist in projects conducted by a single individual. Very often the group splinters over disagreements about design goals and what was to be a single, common constructed language becomes two or more different languages. What causes these collaborative projects to fail? Is it even possible for a collaborative conlang project to succeed, and what conditions would have to be met for success?
Version History
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.


text:
'The Abode',as the dictionary says is a housing that someone is living in, your residence. I tend to question my childhood dream of an Abode-my small and happy world. "Do i really want a residence where my travel would cease and i would get settled?" "Does such an abode actually exist?" "IF MY JOURNEY DEPRIVES ME OF 'MY ABODE', I HAVE NO REGRETS!!"
Featured Post
Yes its sinking in.. Rank 40, CSE 2015.The UPSC circle- the close and the beginning.
Bagh-e-Bahisht Se Mujhe Hukam-e-Safar Diya Tha Kyun Kaar-e-Jahan Daraz Hai, Ab Mera Intezar Kar - Mohammad...


text: 2 Make New Year's Eve more fun by creating a DIY Balloon Confetti Popper. Grab a few basic supplies from around the house and your Tombow stash, and you'll be ready to create these fun party favors for guests at your New Year's party. WHAT YOU'LL NEED Tombow Dual Brush Pens […] New Year's Eve DIY Balloon Confetti PopperDecember 18, 2017 in Design Team / DIY Decor / General / Handlettering / Mixed Media / Parties & Entertaining / Tutorials, Tips & Tricks tagged 2018 / Confetti / craft / diy / diy Confetti Popper / happy new year / Mix Media Paper / New Year's Eve / Paper straws / Scrapbook paper / tissue paper / Tombow Dual Brush Pens / Tombow Mono Multi Liquid Glue / Tombow MONO Permanent Adhesive / Tombow Xtreme Adhesive Tabs by Lauren Fitzmaurice


text:
Retail, Team
Mizuno USA, Inc.'s roots stem from its parent company Mizuno Corporation. Mizuno Corporation was established in Osaka, Japan in 1906 by Rihachi Mizuno. Today, Mizuno USA is located in Norcross, GA and continues to manufacture and distribute high quality golf, baseball, softball, running, track & field and volleyball equipment, apparel, and footwear.
Since our founding, we have taken special pride and pleasure in being able to participate in the exciting world of sports and providing sports equipment of the highest quality. Each and every one of us is guided by the ideal of true sportsmanship. That was true over 100 years ago and is still true today. It is evident in our corporate philosophy which, simply stated, is "Contributing to society through the advancement of sporting goods and the promotion of sports."
Our product development strategy is to create products with features that enhance athlete performance and are unique to only Mizuno. These technological advancements make our sporting equipment and apparel go the extra mile and keep you in tip top playing form no matter the sport or the conditions. We believe in making products that work in harmony with your body, helping you to be the best athlete you can be.


text: ARES Director N.R. Jenzen-Jones has authored a chapter in a newly released Small Arms Survey paper examining the impact of new technologies in the firearms industry. Mr. Jenzen-Jones' chapter focuses on the use of additive manufacturing techniques (3D printing) in the firearms industry, the technical merits of the various processes and products, and the associated


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The Spirit of Utopia @ The Whitechapel Gallery
Posted: July 5, 2013 | Project: Sanatorium |The third iteration of Sanatorium, opened on July 4th at the Whitechapel Gallery in London, as part of the exhibition The Spirit of Utopia, curated by Kirsty Ogg.
Ten artists and collectives from around the world speculate on alternative futures for the economy, the environment and society itself, asking, 'what if?'
Posted: May 22, 2013 | Project: Disarm |By Lucinda Lovell
Lisson Gallery, London, UK
We started planning for Pedro's exhibition many months before the event – one half of the instruments, the Imagine series, came from the Gwangju Biennale and the Istanbul Biennale; the other half, Disarm series, directly from Mexico. The Imagine instruments were in the UK by January 2013 and we then worked closely with the music producer John Coxon, to produce a record – a limited edition publication for the exhibition. Coxon called in 6 other musicians and they spent a day improvising on the instruments in the renowned RAK studios in central London. Several weeks later a beautiful Vinyl was produced featuring 12 tracks recorded on that day and album artwork taken from Pedro's designs.
Meanwhile, Pedro Reyes and Lisson Gallery were busy working together on the content of the exhibition itself. Opening on 26th March, 2013, the exhibition featured 8 Machine Music paintings, 8 Disarm instruments – including a Xylophone, Rain Stick, Guitar, Banjo and Violin, and 9 mechanised Disarm instruments – instruments that would be continuously playing throughout the 6 week exhibition. The paintings were in the first two rooms of the gallery, greeting the visitors as they arrive; a fantastic visual mix of musical instruments and war machinery combined in a rich textual composition. Leading you into the back rooms was Disarm (Guitar) and the bright orange vinyl record on book shelves surrounding the receptionists desk. The visitor then encountered a wall covered with bright yellow posters advertising the opening event and the Disarm instruments on custom made shelves. The mechanised Disarm instruments were configured in the main gallery – occupying the space both visually and acoustically. The reaction surrounding the exhibition was tremendous from both the British Press and the visitors.
Images Courtesy of Lisson Gallery
Disarm Concert
Posted: May 22, 2013 | Project: Uncategorized |By Lucinda Lovell
Lisson Gallery, London, UK
Lisson Gallery was absolutely packed on the 26th March – the opening night of Pedro Reyes' exhibition. There was a mixture of people in attendance – top collectors, art world journalists, general public and students – all excited to see the intriguing and original instruments being played. The press surrounding the exhibition had been very positive so everyone was excited to hear the instruments being played. Sol beer was the drink on offer in keeping with the Mexican theme. The opening began at 6:30pm with the concert scheduled for 7:30pm. By the time the event was approaching the whole gallery space was full and there was an air of anticipation in the audience. John Coxon led the musicians – another 6 in total – and they improvised on the instruments, well practiced from their day spent recording at RAK Studios. The ability of the musicians was incredible as they each played 4 or 5 instruments and switched between them easily. The music they played was mostly rock although the tempo and tune varied throughout. The drums gave a constant beat that couldn't help but infect the audience and make toes start tapping. Pedro was watching from the room above – looking down on the musicians making 'machine music' and seeing the crowds delighted reaction. The buzz created by the musicians lasted for about 45 minutes after the concert when the gallery had to close and the musicians went off for the after party. It was an excellent evening – very memorable and enjoyable for those in attendance!
Images Courtesy of Lisson Gallery
Sharjah Biennial 11: Melodrama and Other Games
Posted: March 15, 2013 | Project: Uncategorized |
Images courtesy of the artist and Sharjah Art Foundation
In Re:emerge, Towards a New Cultural Cartography, curator Yuko Hasegawa proposes a Biennial that reassess the Westerncentrism of knowledge in modern times and reconsiders the relationship between the Arab world, Asia, the Far East, through North Africa and Latin America. Read the rest of this entry »
Liverpool Biennial and FACT
Posted: October 9, 2012 | Project: Uncategorized | Tags: biennial, FACT, guest, liverpool, melodrama, pedro, reyes, unexpected |
Liverpool Biennial 2012 presents work by 242 artists in 27 locations. The festival takes place in galleries, museums and sites across the city and includes a dynamic programme of talks, events, screenings and family activities.
Melodrama and Other Games, has been commission for Liverpool Biennial 2012, using the format of a board game as it's starting point and considers the architecture of relationships in an increasingly commoditised environment.
Inspired by the classic game of Snakes and Ladders, Melodrama is a board game customised to reflect the ups and downs of human relationships. Other games include Mine-field, Feather Fun, and Slow-motion Fight,which are parlour games that encourage visitors to improvise new forms of social interaction with each other.
Gwangju Shooting
Posted: September 5, 2012 | Project: Uncategorized |http://vimeo.com/48917881
Just a little taste of what will be tonight's performance at the opening of Gwangju Biennial. Destroyed weapons made into musical instruments will be used my young Korean music band "Frog in the Well".
Posted: September 4, 2012 | Project: Imagine, Uncategorized | Tags: alumnos, destroyed, drug war, guns, imagine, instruments, mexico, music, palas por pistolas, pedro, reyes, weapons |(Photos by David Franco for 192)
Imagine is a set of 50 musical instruments fabricated out of destroyed weapons – revolvers, shot-guns, machine-guns, etc. This work is a progression of Palas por Pistolas (2008), where 1527 weapons were melted and made into the same number of shovels to plant 1527 trees. In April this year I got a call from the government who had learned about Palas por Pistolas, they told me a public destruction of weapons was to take place in Ciudad Juarez and asked me if I was interested in keeping the metal, which would otherwise have been buried as usual. I accepted the material but I wanted to do something new this time. 6700 weapons, cut into parts and rendered useless, were given to me and I set out to make them into instruments.
A group of 6 musicians worked for 2 weeks shoulder-to-shoulder turning these agents of death into instruments of life. The task was challenging but they succeeded in extracting sounds, from percussion to wind and string. It's difficult to explain but the transformation was more than physical. It's important to consider that many lives were taken with these weapons; as if a sort of exorcism was taking place the music expelled the demons they held, as well as being a requiem for lives lost.
This is also a call to action, since we cannot stop the violence only at the place where the weapons are being used, but also where they are made. There is a disparity between visible and invisible violence. The nearly 80,000 deaths by gun-shot that have occurred in Mexico in the last 6 years, or the school shootings in the US are the visible side of violence. The invisible side is that one of gun trade-shows, neglecting assault rifle bans, and shareholder profit from public companies. This is a large industry of death and suffering for which no cultural rejection is expressed.Guns continue to be depicted as something sexy both in Hollywood and in videogames; there may be actors who won't smoke on the screen, but there has not been one who would reject the role of a trigger-happy hero.
In the last century there has been organized movements for gay rights, gender and race equality and the environment, yet we still need to express our desire for a world without weapons. Living in a community free of guns ought to be a human right. Many liberties that we enjoy today were once considered utopian, and the first step taken into that direction was to Imagine.
Pedro Reyes, Imagine, 2012.
Alumnos47. Comisión y producción
Jessica Berlanga Taylor. Curadora de Proyecto Líquido para Alumnos47.
Emiliano García y Marcelo Rangel Valenzuela. Coordinación de producción
Jazmín Zepeda. Coordinación y dirección musical
Omar Córdova. Adrián López. Alonso López. José Mena. Leika Mochan. Daniel Zepeda. Músicos y diseñadores de instrumentos.
Antonio García Salinas. Herrero artesano
Arturo Quiroz. Herrero artesano
Baby Marx @ Art Basel Parcours
Posted: June 15, 2012 | Project: Baby Marx, Uncategorized | Tags: art, babymarx, basel, marx, parcours, pedro, reyes, smith |
Puppeteers, Janaki Ranpura (left, with Adam Smith), Mel Myland (right, with Karl Marx) and artist Pedro Reyes (center).
Art Parcours saw the enlivenment of video installation, Baby Marx (2008-present), into a live puppet show. The original work is a growing video production based on the nineteenth century debate between socialism and capitalism featuring Adam Smith and Karl Marx as the main characters in a puppet show directed at children. In the hypothetical debate the ensues between the characters, they express their differing political ideologies in a palatable way and discuss topics ranging from Occupy Wall Street to Warhol. Historically the puppeteer has been able to challenge and mock without recourse and in this live performance that examines the free flow of opposing ideas, everything is up for question.
Puppet-show Performances
Wed June 13/4pm/5pm/6pm/7pm/8pm/9pm/10pm/11pm
Thurs-Sat Jun 14-16 /4pm/5pm/6pm/7pm/8pm/9pm
Sun Jun 17 3pm/4pm/5pm/6pm
Ackermannshof, Philosophicum – These rooms include a richly decorated banquet and dining room from the Renaissance period. The bright, still surviving murals date from the Middle Ages. In some cases it is difficult to see what they are about, since only parts of them are visible. The ceiling is supported by solid old wooden beams.
SANATORIUM @ d13
Posted: June 12, 2012 | Project: Sanatorium, Uncategorized | Tags: documenta, health, kassel, pedro, reyes, Sanatorium, Therapy |Photo Courtesy of Gabriel Stux
During the 100 day exhibition, SANATORIUM, located at Baroque Karlsaue Park, will be featured among 100's of artists at this years dOCUMENTA(13).
Report on the Sanatorium from tagr.TV
What is the SANATORIUM?
The Sanatorium is a transient clinic that provides short unexpected treatments that mix art and psychology. In order to experience this project you have to sign up as a patient and participate in sessions which may be individual or in groups. The receptionist will ask you some questions. Please feel free to tell them if there is any particular situation in this present time that you would like to address, and we will try to assign a therapy according to your needs.
Where do these therapies come from?
Each therapy has a documented genealogy. They are mixtures and variations of existing techniques such as Gestalt psychology, theater warm-up exercises, fluxus events, conflict resolution techniques, shamanism, corporate coaching, yoga, psychodrama, hypnosis, etc.
How can therapy help me?
There are several ways therapy can help you. Perhaps you have an important decision to make, a past trauma to overcome, future plans to make, you may be looking for clarity, or to release anger, or reconcile with someone, etc. If nothing else, we expect you to have an interesting time.
What if I don't have a problem?
Our approach to therapy is not necessarily problem-centered. Therapies can also be an extensional device1 to enhance your present state. These activities may help you to find something akin to the sweet spot2 on a bat or racket, the point at which it makes most effective contact with the ball.
Will I see any significant change?
These therapies have a humble goal; they may be a mild remedy to mild afflictions, similar to a psychological first-aid kit. In the Sanatorium the raw material is your own personal narrative. You will play a part in a session with a therapist and possibly random strangers. In general, the Sanatorium is a happy place that has a plethora of insights. Not only may you make meaningful discoveries about your own life, but you can help others. Something you say may bring unexpected awareness to another person.
How is a therapy session structured?
Each therapy has a performative aspect similar to a ritual: there is an introduction, a development, and a closure. It should last less than half an hour in total.
Are there spiritual, religious, or shamanic elements in the Sanatorium?
Some therapies make reference to spiritual, religious, or shamanic sources. Throughout history meditation and rituals have served to modify our psychodynamics and reconcile interpersonal space. However, these benefits remain out of reach for those who don't subscribe to these particular belief systems or cultural frameworks. The Sanatorium is interested in finding the essence of a ritual so that it can function outside its anthropological specificity. The idea is to strip the procedure of its aura and make it accessible in a secular environment.
Who can be a therapist?
We often think that the process of a therapy or ritual may only be effective if carried out by a "legitimate" agent such as a priest, a shaman, an artist, a scientist, etc. The Sanatorium's aim is not to replace existing systems, but to introduce a new space for encounter where ordinary people can meet one-on-one, a horizontal association run by volunteers and temporary workers. We create, test and improve therapies so they can be safely conducted by someone without credentials. By means of de-professionalization of therapy, the sessions may escorted by
grounds, incomes and belief systems. The Sanatorium's goal is not only to offer relief, but also to create a space where people can also help and be useful to others. Helping has a therapeutic effect in itself.
Is this real therapy or is it quackery?
The Sanatorium was conceived as a delivery system of placebos, therapies that put into action self-suggestion mechanisms. In this sense, it is similar to quackery but with a fundamental difference: in quackery the patient is led to believe a lie, while in the Sanatorium you are told upfront that this is not real, and it is up to you to believe. In practice, when you enter the Sanatorium you sign a paper acknowledging that this is not a real hospital, and these are not real therapists. Paradoxically, the mind loves cognitive dissonance, that is to say, being aware that you are telling yourself a lie won't necessarily prevent you from believing in it. The hypnotic adoption of an idea that one has created for oneself can be an effective way to initiate behavioral change.
How many therapies exist in the Sanatorium?
Up to date there have been 16 therapies that have been tested. In dOCUMENTA (13) Sanatorium is featuring 8 basic therapies and more therapies will be developed in collaboration with the participants from HEAD (Haute école d'art de et design Genève) over its 100 days of operation.
What is Sociatry?
Therapy as we know it today is a luxury beyond reach for most of society, and in response for our present psychological afflictions there has been an excessive reliance on antidepressants and other prescription drugs. Today, some of our biggest health challenges are iatrogenic, meaning that these very challenges stem from a previous therapy prescribed by a physician. In the U.S. the number of prescription drug-related deaths rose from 6,000 in 1990 to 27,658 in 2007. Each year at least 106,000 people die from the drugs they're prescribed and administered, while illegal drugs result in around 10% as many deaths.
As things stand, prescription drugs are legal and consumption is culturally accepted. Obviously, these drugs are in many cases truly necessary and there would be much suffering without them. That said, studies show that cases of unnecessary prescriptions outnumber the necessary, resulting in an ever-larger number of addicts, much for the profit of big pharmaceutical labs.
Sociatry is a term to describe the science and art of healing society. This notion was first articulated by Jacob Levi Moreno in 1930. At that time it gained currency and then around 1950 fell into oblivion. Today, especially in cities, there is a vast population of unattended victims of depression, loneliness, neurosis, family violence, suicide, and other pathologies. Social Psychology has instruments of diagnosis, but it falls short in the creation of cost-effective methods that can be implemented to the world's ever-increasing population.
Working structures similar to the Sanatorium could be a means to regaining agency within the original intentions of Sociatry.
Will there be more Sanatoriums?
Looking for alternative methods other than drugs to restore sanity in society, the Sanatorium thinks of itself as a prototype that could evolve into a "Social Franchise", which beyond the pure drive for profit could result in large-scale social good.
As accessibility is crucial, the Sanatorium hopes to depart from the sphere of art into the wider arena of culture, almost as a roadside attraction and deemed entertainment for families, friends, school groups, etc.
Click on map for larger view.
Marx and Smith at Occupy Wall Street
Posted: November 8, 2011 | Project: Baby Marx | Tags: Baby Marx, OWS |http://vimeo.com/31771552
Karl Marx and Adam Smith bump into each other at the Occupy Wall Street in Liberty Plaza. Marx sees in the current economic crisis the self-destruction of capitalism that he predicted 200 years ago, an opportunity to revive socialism. Smith sees in it a different opportunity… Inside the precarious tents, the resistance goes on, in a place that the privileged few have fled in a golden parachute.


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Some people don't like to enable the Windows Firewall on Windows Server 2008 (R2) servers, because of the (little) extra server administration or other undefinable reasons 😉 . I think a wrong decision because the Windows Firewall will give you extra protection against attacks from the LAN or such.
More and more you see that applications need the Windows Firewall enabled, like during the installation of Exchange 2010. The Windows Firewall cannot be disabled because the setup procedure wants to create firewall rules.
If you disable the Windows Firewall on for instance a Configuration Manager Primary Site server with SQL Server installed, you will never get your site in an healthy state. Configuration Manager 2012 wants to be able to check if port 1433 and 4022 are open so that Configuration Manager database on the SQL server is reachable.
When you look at the SMS_HIERARCHY_MANAGER component status you will see the following error messages.
To fix this you need to enable the Windows Firewall on the server. If you really don't want to use the Windows Firewall, which you should not, you can always disable the Domain Profile in the Windows Firewall.
But if you ask me, just use the recommended settings and create firewall exception rules for the (in this case) TCP ports 1433 and 4022.


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Melamine Tableware Set & Basket – NORTHWIND – Set of 24
The NORTHWIND melamine tableware pack of 24 pieces is practical melamine set for 6 people.
It is made up of 6 dinner plates, 6 soup and dessert bowls, and 6 stackable mugs. All the pieces are made from unbreakable melamine and come in the basket fastener that can be used to store the melamine tableware or as a fruit basket or to store other nautical accessories.
All the pieces may be purchased separately. Also available the 13 piece tableware set for 4 people.
- Non-Slip
- BPA Free
- Break Resistant
- Dishwasher Safe
- 100% Top Melamine
- Microwave Safe
Melamine products are designed for eating, not cooking. Not for use in the oven or microwave. Suitable for dishwashers. To preserve their shine, avoid using abrasive detergents. To prevent stains caused by tea or coffee, we recommend washing the cups immediately after use. Any design irregularities and differences in these irregularities are part of the production process and should not be considered design faults.
Basket: Hand wash. Do not use bleach. Not suitable for washing machine. Do not use a dryer. Not suitable for ironing.


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At least two people died in the crash, while another 181 people were taken to hospitals, most with minor injuries, authorities said. Five people, including one child, remained in critical condition at San Francisco General Hospital, the region's main trauma center.
As the plane approached the runway from the waters of San Francisco Bay around noon, travelers in the terminals and others eyewitnesses could see that the aircraft was swaying unusually from side to side and that at one point the tail seemed to hit the ground.
Kate Belding, who was jogging a few miles away, said she thought: "Oh my God. That plane is crashing."
By the time the flames were out, the top of the Boeing 777's fuselage had burned away. The tail section was gone, with pieces of it scattered across the beginning of the runway. One engine appeared to have broken away. Emergency responders could be seen walking inside the burned-out wreckage.
News of the crash spread quickly on Twitter and the Internet in this wired city, with eyewitnesses tweeting their stories, posting images of the plumes of smoke rising above the bay and uploading video of passengers fleeing the burning plane.
"It just looked really bad," Belding said. "I've seen the pictures of it since then, and it's amazing anyone walked out of that plane."
The investigation has been turned over to the FBI and terrorism has been ruled out, said San Francisco Fire Chief Joanne Hayes-White said. Federal aviation and transportation investigators were heading to the scene. Asiana, Boeing and the engine manufacturer, Pratt & Whitney, pledged to work with them.
Vedpal Singh, who was sitting in the middle of the aircraft and survived the crash with his family, said there was no forewarning from the pilot or any crew members before the plane touched down hard and he heard a loud sound.
"We knew something was horrible wrong," said Singh, who suffered a fractured collarbone and had his arm was in a sling.
"It's miraculous we survived," he said.
A visibly shaken Singh said the plane went silent before people tried to get out anyway they could. His 15-year-old son said luggage tumbled from the overhead bins The entire incident lasted about 10 seconds.
Based on witness accounts in the news and video of the wreckage, Mike Barr, a former military pilot and accident investigator who teaches aviation safety at the University of Southern California, said it appeared the plane approached the runway too low and something may have caught the runway lip - the seawall at the end of the runway.
San Francisco is one of several airports around the country that border bodies of water that have walls at the end of their runways to prevent planes that overrun a runway from ending up in the water.
Since the plane was about to land, its landing gear would have already been down, Barr said. It's possible the landing gear or the tail of the plane hit the seawall, he said. If that happened, it would effectively slam the plane into the runway, he said.
Noting that some witnesses reported hearing the plane's engines rev up just before the crash, Barr said that would be consistent with a pilot who realized at the last minute that the plane was too low and was increasing power to the engines to try to increase altitude. Barr said he could think of no reason why a plane would come in to land that low.
Belding was out jogging just before 11:30 a.m. on a path across the water from the airport when she noticed the plane approaching the runway in a way that "just didn't look like it was coming in quite right."
"Then all of a sudden I saw what looked like a cloud of dirt puffing up and then there was a big bang and it kind of looked like the plane maybe bounced (as it neared the ground)," she said. "I couldn't really tell what happened, but you saw the wings going up and (in) a weird angle."
"Not like it was cartwheeling," she said, but rather as though the wings were almost swaying from side to side.
The flight originated in Shanghai, China, and stopped over in Seoul, South Korea, before coming to San Francisco, airport officials said. The airline said there were 16 crew members aboard, and the 291 passengers included 77 South Koreans, 141 Chinese, 61 Americans and one Japanese citizen. The nationalities of the remaining passengers weren't immediately known.
Airport spokesman Doug Yakel said 49 people were in serious condition and 132 had less significant injuries.
The airport closed for several hours, and when it reopened, two of the four runways were operating.
Asiana is a South Korean airline, second in size to national carrier Korean Air. It has recently tried to expand its presence in the United States, and joined the Star Alliance, which is anchored in the U.S. by United Airlines.
The 777-200 is a long-range plane from Boeing. The twin-engine aircraft is one of the world's most popular long-distance planes, often used for flights of 12 hours or more, from one continent to another. The airline's website says its 777s can carry between 246 to 300 passengers.
The flight was 10 hours and 23 minutes, according to FlightAware, a flight tracking service. The 777 is a smaller, wide-body jet that can travel long distances without refueling and is typically used for long flights over water.
The most notable accident involving a 777 occurred on Jan. 17, 2008 at Heathrow Airport in London. British Airways Flight 28 landed hard about 1,000 feet short of the runway and slid onto the start of the runway. The impact broke the 777-200's landing gear. There were 47 injuries, but no fatalities.
An investigation revealed ice pellets that had formed in the fuel were clogging the fuel-oil heat exchanger, blocking fuel from reaching the plane's engines. The Rolls-Royce Trent 800 series engines that were used on the plane were then redesigned.
Bill Waldock, an expert on aviation accident investigation, said he was reminded of the Heathrow accident as he watched video of Saturday's crash. "Of course, there is no indication directly that's what happened here," he said. "That's what the investigation is going to have to find out."
The Asiana 777 "was right at the landing phase and for whatever reason the landing went wrong," said Waldock, director of the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University accident investigation laboratory in Prescott, Ariz.
"For whatever reason, they appeared to go low on approach and then the airplane pitched up suddenly to an extreme attitude, which could have been the pilots trying to keep it out of the ground," he said.
The last time a large U.S. airline lost a plane in a fatal crash was an American Airlines Airbus A300 taking off from John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York in 2001.
Asia remains one of the fastest-growing regions for aviation in the world. Even with slowing economies in Japan and China, airlines there saw 3.7 percent more passengers than a year ago, according to the International Air Transport Association.
Finding enough experienced pilots to meet a growing number of flights is becoming a problem. A 2012 report by aircraft manufacturer Boeing said the industry would need 460,000 new commercial airline pilots in the next two decades - with 185,000 of them needed in Asia alone.
"The Asia-Pacific region continues to present the largest projected growth in pilot demand," the report said.


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Say thank you this National Boss's Day with beautiful flowers
Mentor, leader, advisor, head honcho; there are many titles that our boss has. Show your appreciation and tell them how much it means to be their employee. Tell them Happy Boss's Day with a festive bouquet of flowers.
What is a good present for my boss on National Boss's Day?
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