text:
Stormy Blue-Grey Solid Color Accent Shade Matches Sherwin Williams Serious Gray SW 6256 Sheer Curtain
Stormy Blue-Grey Solid Color Accent Shade Matches Sherwin Williams Serious Gray SW 6256 Sheer Curtain
Clicking the button will redirect you to this product in our Society6 shop. Price shown above is for a 50" x 84" sheer curtain set. Other options are available.
Nothing makes a room come to life more than some golden hour sun through a sheer window curtain. Made from a linen-like woven polyester, they allow just the right amount of light to elegantly filter through. Pair them up with your favorite curtain rod and give your room a whole new glow.
Available in either single or double panel options. The bottom edge of curtain includes a 2" pocket that can be used as a hanging pocket.
Crafted with 100% woven polyester with a linen-like texture
Single sided color with white on reverse
Machine wash cold, tumble dry low
50" (W) x 84" (H)
50" (W) x 96" (H)
4" pocket for easy hanging on any curtain rod
Every product is made just for you
Product Note: Color variations between on-site previews, your screen and printed fabric may occur.


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Future projects
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
This page hosts plans for future projects. If you have an idea for a new project and need feedback and contributors, put it here! For currently active projects (with a maintainer, etc.) see the Haskell Communities and Activities Report.
See also the list of orphaned projects.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Search Arrest Warrants Online | Fast & Easy. Just Enter A Name & State
Lee County Warrant Search
An arrest warrant is a warrant issued by a judge or magistrate on behalf of the state, which authorizes the arrest and detention of an individual, or the search and seizure of an individual's property
Free Warrant Search
Active Warrant Search
Arrest Warrant Search
Free Warrant Search
Federal Warrant Search
100% Free Warrant Search
Free Online Warrant Search
Alabama Warrant Search By County
Statewide Warrant Search
100 Free Warrant Search
Nationwide Warrant Search
National Warrant Search
Free Nationwide Warrant Search
Federal Warrant Search List
Free Bench Warrant Search
Felony Warrant Search
Free Arrest Warrant Search
Ways To Perform A Warrant Look Online
If you'd want to know if you find a warrant out for your arrest, or if you have a warrant for one more person in your lifetime, you might like to do a warrant search online. This is basically the fastest and easier way to consider a warrant.
The Process Will Be Different According To Your Location
Checking to get a warrant will be different based upon where you are located. In many areas, searching for a warrant might be a very simple process. In other areas, the process is a great deal more complex. It's important to understand that this process won't just vary based on the state that you're in. The process can also be impacted according to your county.
You May Have To Pay A Fee
Sometimes, you might want to pay a fee in order to search for a warrant. The size of the charge may vary in line with the site that you simply get through. Should you be charged a fee, it's likely you'll receive more information at the same time. By way of example, you could possibly view a person's full criminal history.
It's Important To Conduct A Trusted Search
If you are interested in a warrant, you'll want to actually can trust the outcome you receive. Should you get inaccurate comes from your warrant search, you might end up making an unacceptable decisions concerning how to proceed. If you're employing a site to find a warrant, you'll would like to know that the site is completely legitimate and trustworthy.
If you want to be aware of status of the warrant, you shouldn't make decisions based on guesswork. Instead, you must quest for a warrant to be able to obtain the information that you desire. Once you have this data, you are able to determine the best strategy.


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From the Streets to the Clubs
Since the Middle Ages, the citizens of Madrid have been known as "gatos" ("cats"), but today this nickname is more accurate than ever: truly, this is a city that never sleeps. But the cliché, often used in other parts of the world, rings specially true in this city.
A little bit of history
Nightlife in Madrid's has several origins. The climate is one of this tradition's great motivators: winters are relatively mild and summers are sizzling hot. This heat is one of the reasons for the famous mid-afternoon siesta tradition which helps one to regain energy by the end of the day. Many people in Madrid end up doing many of their activities at night, because the heat prevented them of doing them during the day!
On the other hand, the Spanish capital discovered modern nightlife during the 1980's: the end of Franco's dictatorship, the country's newly found openness to new ideas and trends, and the European integration helped to turn Madrid into an active and cosmopolitan city, a magnet for artists, movie makers, musicians and bohemians. Entertainment and drinking establishments sprouted like mushrooms. This was the beginning of the famous Movida.
Before you go out
First of all, don't even think about going out for dinner at nine o'clock. It is too early. You will find empty streets and some of the establishments are not yet fully functional. You must also be aware that Madrid's nightlife is very demanding: you may need to have more than one meal during the evening.
The bar crawl usually begins after midnight. By this time, you will begin to run into groups of youngsters enjoying the botellón – in other words, large crowds drinking on the streets until dawn. Few people make it to the clubs' dance floors before 2 o'clock.
Finally, a curious fact: in Madrid, a night out may involve the entire family. Many bars, cafes and terraces allow children in their premises, restaurants are open until dawn, and don't be surprised if it's late in the evening and you still find the playgrounds' swings fully occupied.
Start off your night
Nights in Madrid are varied and unpredictable, and your experience will depend on the places you visit and the time you choose to do it.
The abundance of tapas bars and terraces and the quality and variety of the local restaurants can easily inspire you to do a gastronomical trip. More "peaceful" Madrileños usually spend their nights in street cafés and, socializing in gardens such as Parque Buen Retiro, or going for walks along the Manzanares river — which means that many parts of this city are family-friendly.
The evening may also include a cultural programme with dance, theatre, concerts and opera in several venues and locations: Teatro Real, Teatro de la Zarzuela, Teatro Abadía, Plaza Mayor, or the Sabatini Gardens. You can even begin your night at a museum: Museu del Prado and Thyssen often run open nights.
Plaza Mayor, Puerta del Sol (particularly near Cava Alta or Cava de San Miguel) and the La Latina neighbourhood are great spots to look for the famous tapas bars, ideal for quick meals that can give you the energy you need to keep going. In these areas you can also find bars and clubs where you can go for your first drinks (or last drinks, depending on how the evening is going).
A good night out in Madrid is never complete without la terraza, a feature of the city's best establishments. On hot Summer nights, one feels the need for outdoor meals, as well as drinks, coffee and a smoke (this last point is particularly important, since in Spain, smoking bans in public spaces are very strict).
At Paseo de la Castellana you can find esplanades and good street cafés, but nowadays people go mostly for the nice terraces in certain hotels, restaurants and clubs. You will find these in the city centre and in areas like the Paseo de Recoletos or the Plaza de Santa Ana.
La Marcha
After dinner, head towards the shops and cafés of Calle del Espíritu Santo, which is another good place to begin la marcha (as nightlife in Madrid is also known). The city centre and the Gran Vía are home to many establishments, from cafés to alternative bars.
Nearby you will find TriBall, where you must look beyond the run down appearance of its streets. In this area around Calle de la Ballesta, bars, clubs, design shops and art galleries have taken over abandoned workshops and other buildings - a process of renovation that is still ongoing. Close to this area is the Chueca neighbourhood (known for its gay bars and clubs) and Moncloa, a club-heavy area filled with students.
Beer and wine are the most usual and traditional drinks, and although spirit drinks consumption has increased, special focus must be given to the locals' love of gin and tonic. This british drink has recently become highly popular among Spanish bar crawlers, and several specialized gin bars have popped up.
Finally, without music there is no night! After a rocky period over the past few years (several venues were forced to close down due to legal and safety issues) live music clubs and concert rooms are now again part of the nightlife circuit. Head for the centre or the area between Museu del Prado and Plaza Mayor, and you will find a little bit of everything: jazz, blues, folk, world music and traditional flamenco, as well as pop/rock with concerts by international artists.
Besides the concerts and performances, we must also not forget the dancefloor: if you wish to jump around at the sound of techno, house and other beats selected by DJ's, all you need to do is choose one of the city's 249 clubs and discos!
Get home safely
Eventually, the adventure comes to an end due to exhaustion, closing time or the sunrise. It is time to go back to your starting point after a night of excess and fun, and you will certainly need a transport. There are quite a few options: Madrid's Metro transport system is open until two o'clock in the morning and there is no shortage of taxi cars.
On the other hand, since many of Madrid's night spots are located in and around the city centre, it might be possible for you to just walk back home. The important thing is getting there safely, rest… and recover your energy for the next round in the Movida: after all, it is impossible to do it all in just one night!


text:
Shop for Home
Herman Miller Online Store
Looking to buy for your home? Browse our online store to support all of your work and home needs.
Learn and Plan
Herman Miller
You're viewing our company website where you can explore our latest workplace insights, get inspiration for your projects, download 3D models, and learn about our rich history.
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Value investing is easily one of the most popular ways to find great stocks in any market environment. After all, who wouldn't want to find stocks that are either flying under the radar and are compelling buys, or offer up tantalizing discounts when compared to fair value?
One way to find these companies is by looking at several key metrics and financial ratios, many of which are crucial in the value stock selection process. Let's put Boise Cascade CompanyBCC stock into this equation and find out if it is a good choice for value-oriented investors right now, or if investors subscribing to this methodology should look elsewhere for top picks:
PE Ratio
A key metric that value investors always look at is the Price to Earnings Ratio, or PE for short. This shows us how much investors are willing to pay for each dollar of earnings in a given stock and is easily one of the most popular financial ratios in the world. The best use of the PE ratio is to compare the stock's current PE ratio with: a) where this ratio has been in the past; b) how it compares to the average for the industry/sector; and c) how it compares to the market as a whole.
On this front, Boise Cascade has a trailing twelve months PE ratio of 16.8, as you can see in the chart below:
This level actually compares pretty favorably with the market at large, as the PE for the S&P 500 stands at about 20. If we focus on the long-term PE trend, Boise Cascade's current PE level puts it below its midpoint over the past five years.
Further, the stock's PE also compares favorably with its industry trailing twelve months PE ratio, which stands at 21.6. At the very least, this indicates that the stock is relatively undervalued right now, compared to its peers.
We should also point out that Boise Cascade has a forward PE ratio (price relative to this year's earnings) of 13.1, so it is fair to say that a slightly more value-oriented path may be ahead for the stock in the near term too.
P/S Ratio
Another key metric to note is the Price/Sales ratio. This approach compares a given stock's price to its total sales, where a lower reading is generally considered better. Some people like this metric more than other value-focused ones because it looks at sales, something that is far harder to manipulate with accounting tricks than earnings.
Right now, BCC has a P/S ratio of about 0.4. This is lower than the S&P 500 average, which comes in at 3.3 right now.
If anything, this suggests some level of undervalued trading-at least compared to historical norms.
Broad Value Outlook
In aggregate, Boise Cascade currently has a Zacks Value Style Score of B, putting it into the top 40% of all stocks we cover from this look. This makes Boise Cascade a solid choice for value investors, and some of its other key metrics make this pretty clear too.
For example, its P/CF ratio (another great indicator of value) comes in at 10.7, which is far better than the industry average of 12. Clearly, BCC is a good choice on the value front from multiple angles.
What About the Stock Overall?
Though Boise Cascade might be a good choice for value investors, there are plenty of other factors to consider before investing in this name. In particular, it is worth noting that the company has a Growth grade of D and a Momentum score of B. This gives BCC a Zacks VGM score-or its overarching fundamental grade-of B. (You can read more about the Zacks Style Scores here >> )
Meanwhile, the company's recent earnings estimate has been encouraging. The current quarter has seen two upward and none downward estimate revisions in the past 30 days, while the current year has seen three upward and none downward estimate revision in the same time frame.
As a result, the current quarter consensus estimate has moved up by 26.6% in the past one month, while the current year estimate has inched higher by 25.1%. You can see the consensus estimate trend and recent price action for the stock in the chart below:
Boise Cascade, L.L.C. Price and Consensus
Boise Cascade, L.L.C. Price and Consensus | Boise Cascade, L.L.C. Quote
This positive trend signifies bullish analyst sentiment, and its Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy) indicates robust fundamentals and expectations of outperformance in the near term.
Bottom Line
Boise Cascade is an inspired choice for value investors, as it is hard to beat its good lineup of statistics on this front. Further, the stock belongs to an industry which is ranked among the top 5% (out of more than 250 industries), indicating that broader factors are favorable for the company. Moreover, over the past six months, its industry clearly outperformed the broader market, as you can see below:
So, it might pay for value investors to delve deeper into the company's prospects, as fundamentals indicate that this stock could be a compelling pick.
5 Medical Stocks to Buy Now
Zacks names 5 companies poised to ride a medical breakthrough that is targeting cures for leukemia, AIDS, muscular dystrophy, hemophilia, and other conditions.
New products in this field are already generating substantial revenue and even more wondrous treatments are in the pipeline. Early investors could realize exceptional profits.
Click here to see the 5 stocks >>
Want the latest recommendations from Zacks Investment Research? Today, you can download 7 Best Stocks for the Next 30 Days. Click to get this free report
Boise Cascade, L.L.C. (BCC): Free Stock Analysis Report
To read this article on Zacks.com click here.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.


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Once upon a time, developing a new vaccine was a step-by-step process that went from concept, to design, to tests in humans, to regulatory approval, to manufacturing.
It was a process that could take a decade or more.
But the urgent need for a COVID-19 vaccine has radically changed all that. Now, the hope is the entire process can be completed in a year or less.
A good example of the new paradigm is a vaccine being developed by Novavax. It's what's called a protein subunit vaccine. The proteins are encased in a nanoparticle that gets injected into a person, along with a generalized immune stimulant known as an adjuvant.
"We have a lot of confidence based on what we've see so far based on our animal modeling that the vaccine will work," says Gregory Glenn, president of research and development at Novavax.
Positive results with animal testing doesn't always translate to successful results in people, so, typically, Glenn would be waiting to see the results of the human testing that has just begun before making any big decisions about manufacturing.
But he won't be waiting this time. A lot of steps that used to come one after another are taking place concurrently.
"One of the most dramatic things we're doing in parallel is to assume the vaccine is going to work, so we scale it up now," Glenn says.
It's called at-risk manufacturing and scaling up means being able to produce the hundreds of millions of doses or more that will be needed.
But Novavax is in the vaccine development business. It doesn't have the ability to manufacture those hundreds of millions of doses. So the company has turned to Emergent Biosolutions.
Sean Kirk, executive vice president of manufacturing and technical operations for Emergent Biosolutions, recently took me on a virtual tour of the company's advance manufacturing facility in Baltimore, Md.
His phone camera shows Kirk standing with some colleagues in a corridor next to a large glass window. On the other side of the glass is a room where the Novavax vaccine is being made.
"What you're looking at right here is one step in a multiple step process," Kirk tells me.
He points his cellphone camera into the room. I can see several stainless steel pieces of equipment, each about the size of a commercial refrigerator.
The vaccine is actually generated by living cells called a tissue culture that are grown inside a large plastic bag.
"You can see the bag sticking out the top. Can you see it?" Kirk asks.
Technicians inside the room are loading the bag into a 50-liter vessel that is part of what's called a bioreactor.
"Around the outside of this is the vessel itself that provides the heating, the cooling, and with the inserted agitators, the mixing," Kirk explains. "From here we grow the culture and we transfer it to a larger bioreactor, thousand-liter, two thousand-liter, 4 thousand-liter to be able to expand up the volume and get the yields that we need to successfully produce the doses."
All of this has to be done to strict Food and Drug Administration standards known as Current Good Manufacturing Practices. The process can be finicky.
It's a challenging task, but Kirk says he and his team is up to it. That confidence may be because the company they work for was created specifically to deal with public health crises.
"Emergent Biosolutions has been around for a little over 20 years," says Bob Kramer, president and CEO.
The company specializes in dealing with public health issues and dangerous substances. It makes vaccines for anthrax, smallpox, typhoid and cholera.
Kramer says in 2012, the Department of Health and Human Services asked Emergent to build for them a special kind of facility, "where they could bring new technology into that facility and be able to quickly scale up and manufacture large volumes of vaccines for whatever emerging infectious disease we were presented with."
That facility is where the Novavax vaccine is being manufactured. The company also has agreements to manufacture a vaccine being developed by Vaxart and another by Johnson and Johnson.
On June 1, the government announced it was providing Emergent with an additional $628 million to make and package vaccines.
Kramer says his company has a robust manufacturing capacity.
"We already have the capability to produce hundreds of millions of doses in our existing infrastructure," he says.
But all that infrastructure and all the money that's being spent to expand it will be for naught if the vaccines don't work. It's a gamble health officials say the country has to make.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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SMA Sunny Tripower 8000TL-20
Availability: Out of stock
SMA Sunny Tripower 8000TL-20
The Three-Phase Inverter – Not Only for Your Home...
...but also perfectly suited to the design of the traditional residential PV system up to the higher power outage range. After all, with the addition of the new 10 kVA and 12 kVA versions to the portfolio, the Sunny Tripower product range covers a broad spectrum of applications. Users benefit from numerous tried-and-tested product features. Highly flexible with its proven Optiflex technology and asymmetrical multistring, it delivers maximum yields with a top efficiency rating and OptiTrac Global Peak. In addition to Bluetooth communication, it also comes standard with a direct Sunny Portal connection via SMA Webconnect. Other standard features include integrated grid management functions, reactive power supply and suitability for operation with a 30 mA RCD. In summary, when it comes to system design in the 5 to 12 kW power classes, the Sunny Tripower is the optimum product solution – for applications ranging from use in your own home and larger PV rooftop systems to implementation of smaller-scale PV farms.
- Maximum efficiency of 98%
- Shade management with OptiTrac Global Peak
- Active temperature management with OptiCool
- DC input voltage of up to 1,000 V
- Integrated grid management functions
- Reactive power supply
- Module-tailored system design with Optiflex
- SMA Webconnect
- Sunny Portal communication
- Bluetooth® communication
- Simple country configuration
- Multifunction relay comes standard
- Three-phase feed-in
- Cable connection without tools
- SUNCLIX DC plug-in system
- Integrated ESS DC switch-disconnector
- Easy wall mounting
More information:


text:
"The good physician treats the disease; the great physician treats the patient who has the disease."
Dr. Louis Peters
Dr. Louis Peters graduated from McGill University School of Medicine in Montreal, Canada. He completed his General Surgery training at McGill. He obtained training in Thoracic Surgery at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada. He also spent one year working as a Clinical Instructor of Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. He is Board Certified in General and Thoracic Surgery. He has performed thousands of Minimally Invasive procedures for the treatment of hyperhidrosis, Lung Cancer, Esophageal cancer, Gastro-esophageal reflux disease, Achalasia, and Large Hiatal Hernias. He is an Assistant Clinical Professor at McMaster University, Hamilton.


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Dezember 2021(Version 10.0)
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Terms we use in this policy
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text:
Free shipping on all USA orders $45 or more. Exclusions apply.
Did you know there are more shades of green than any other color? Because there are so many different shades available, SuspenderStore carries a wide variety of green suspenders from dark hunter green suspenders, to muted olive green suspenders, to bright neon green suspenders. We also carry emerald green suspenders for St. Patrick's Day, and Christmas green suspenders perfect for the holidays. Because green contains equal amounts of yellow, a warm color, and blue, a cool color, in color psychology green is known for promoting tranquility and calmness through the sense of harmony and balance it conveys. Green is also the color of growth, nature, spring, hope, prosperity and abundance. Green suspenders are easy to incorporate into your wardrobe. Light and fresh greens like our Mint Green suspenders are perfect for spring and summer, and will give a clean, refreshing spark to your attire, while darker greens are well suited for the fall and winter months. Olive green suspenders go very well with beige, brown and black. They also surprisingly well with a dark purple, such as eggplant or plum, and even many hues of pink. Deeper shades like our dark green suspenders coordinate nicely with beige, ivory, burgundy, gray and brown. Kelly green suspenders go beautifully with black, are super-sharp with white and also work nicely with darker purples and blues. Anyone who's a snazzy, bold dresser will want to add a pair of lime green suspenders to their collection! It doesn't matter if you're searching for rustic, earthy styles like hunter or army green suspenders, or want a little bit of neon for a flashy finish, SuspenderStore has got you covered. These festive, versatile suspenders are great for Christmas, St. Patrick's Day, Mardi Gras, Earth Day and more, and make a great way to show your school or company spirit, too. Our more affordable styles are also a popular addition to many costumes, including superheroes and characters. If you're simply a fan of the most adaptable color ever, then you're going to love our assortment of green suspenders! As green is the color of leaves, you can take your cues from nature and mix your green suspenders with shirts and pants that are in natural earth tones for an elegant and natural, earthy look. However, and whenever you wear them, our green suspenders will add a touch of harmony and prosperity to your attire throughout the year.
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text:
Seriously -- Happy fricking New Year. And I say that secure in the knowledge that 2011 will without a chinchilla of doubt be the suckiest year any of us has experienced in memory. Suckier than 1968, even, unless we're very lucky. Which I doubt we will be.
In that spirit then, please enjoy -- from sometime in the early 80s -- the irrepressible Andy Breckman and his ode to feeling reasonably okay despite everything -- "I Had a Good Day."
I didn't throw upIncidentally, I remain convinced that The Rolling Stones are singing "Mr. Greenblatt died" rather than "You make a grown man cry" in "Start Me Up."
I didn't throw up
About a quarter to four
I almost threw up
But I didn't throw up
I had a real good day
M brother didn't die
My mother didn't die
My father didn't die
My sister didn't die
Mr. Greenblatt died
I had a real good day
Apparently, I have issues.


text:
In response to:
The Future of Baby Doe from the March 1, 1984 issue
To the Editors:
I believe that Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse have blundered morally in their review "The Future of Baby Doe" [NYR, March 1]. Consider the case of Baby Doe: he was born in Bloomington Indiana in 1982 with a malformed esophagus and Down's Syndrome. Without surgery to open the esophagus he would not be able to eat. Though the surgery has more than a 90 percent success rate, the parents vetoed treatment. The family's obstetrician, who advised the parents of this option, later testified that "These children [Down's Syndrome] are quite incapable of telling us what they feel, and what they sense, and so on." This is inaccurate: many of these children are only mildly retarded. They tend to be happy, alert, and articulate, and often are capable of employment, education, and literacy.
There was no way of knowing, at the stage that he died, that Baby Doe would have been severely retarded. Baby Doe was denied food and intravenous feeding. Nurses at the Bloomington Hospital, a pediatrician, and others filed suit to save the child, but the judge ruled that "there was no probable cause to believe that the baby had been neglected by his parents." People came forward wanting to adopt Baby Doe, but the parents refused to release him for adoption. After six days without food and water, Baby Doe starved to death. Cases like this are not isolated; there is good reason to believe that many viable handicapped children are denied treatment at the request of their parents. The Reagan administration has declared this practice a violation of the rights of handicapped people, and is attempting to intervene on behalf of other children like Baby Doe.
Should the government attempt to protect a child in a case like this? The following argument shows that it should: I begin with the claim that retarded children have the same right to life as normal children. It might be argued that profoundly retarded children do not have an equal right, so I stipulate that the claim is about children who will be self-aware, talk, and socially interact. Given this, my next claim is obvious: causing the death of a retarded child by withholding routine medical care violates her civil rights.
My next point is this: allowing parents to be the sole and final arbiters of whether such a child will receive medical care is fundamentally unfair, first because the child has a right to it and second because the interests of the child and the parents may be opposed: they may want the child dead. Now I think it plain that when fundamental civil rights are violated and existing institutions cannot safeguard those rights, it is the duty of government to protect the victims. It follows that the Reagan administration, in interceding on behalf of children like Baby Doe, has done the right thing.
Singer and Kuhse are outraged by what the administration has done. First they attack Reagan's motives. The Reagan administration "is trying to impose its conservative and religiously motivated moral attitudes on the rest of the community." They continue "Apparently unable to do anything to stop women from making their own decisions about terminating pregnancy…, Reagan has shown his support for the pro-life groups by interfering with family decisions in that most tragic, personal, and delicate of situations, the birth of a severely handicapped child." This ad hominem attack is beside the point: Reagan's motives may be as black as you please and he still may have done the right thing about Baby Doe. It is also implausible. The rationale I outlined above (which Singer and Kuhse never mention) suggests the Reagan administration is motivated by the desire to prevent the wrongful killing of handicapped children. Most important, the implication that government has no business interfering with family decisions concerning the birth of a severely handicapped child is seriously and obviously mistaken.
Children have rights that transcend the family, most notably the right not to be done away with by their parents. A child born blind and with appendicitis is entitled to the protection of the state if her parents try to cause her death by refusing to consent to an appendectomy. Consequently it is the duty of the state to interfere. The (alleged) fact that the parents will care for the child throughout her life (if they allow her to survive) is inadequate ground to leave it to them whether she will live or die (indeed, it would be good reason not to leave it to them). Handicapped children aren't chattel and parenthood isn't a license to do away with unwanted children. Singer and Kuhse have come down squarely on the wrong side of a civil rights issue.
The Reagan administration's response to the infanticide of Baby Doe has been to enforce section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which forbids medical institutions receiving federal funds "to withhold from handicapped citizens, simply because they are handicapped, any benefit or service that would ordinarily be provided to people without handicaps." Guidelines issued by the administration state that 504 "does not compel medical personnel to attempt to perform impossible or futile acts or therapies." That is, heroics are not required to prolong the lives of non-viable infants; children born without brains are given as an example. Further, hospitals are encouraged to set up Infant Care Review Committees to discuss problem cases. But the guidelines make it plain that the government will enforce section 504 when a viable handicapped child is being starved to death or denied life-saving treatment because the child is handicapped, when the handicap is unrelated to the problem that is threatening the child; otherwise "the decision-making process customarily undertaken by physicians" is to be preserved.
On the face of it, these guidelines are a good idea. We want to protect the lives of children like Baby Doe without compelling doctors to fight to save the terminally ill. Nor should we interfere with genuinely difficult treatment decisions: a child is born with a dangerous brain tumor but surgery is likely to cause crippling strokes. We need to distinguish difficult treatment decisions and the refusal to prolong dying from out and out infanticide on a plainly viable child. Obviously it is the intent of the guidelines to accomplish precisely this. They take a giant step in the right direction.
Singer and Kuhse are incensed by the guidelines. They maintain the Reagan administration is committed to the idea that "all human life is of equal worth" and this idea is what motivates the guidelines. They argue that "this position cannot be taken seriously." However this line of criticism is irrelevant when taken as an objection to the guidelines. Even if the principle that allegedly motivated the guidelines is mistaken, it doesn't follow that the guidelines are mistaken too. Indeed, it is obvious that one can support the guidelines even if one believes that some human lives are more valuable than others; it is only required that one believe that some handicapped children's lives (e.g., those who will be self-aware) are of equal worth or at least of sufficient worth to deserve protection. Then one must find a policy that protects those who are worth protecting and has minimum impact elsewhere, except where it is necessary to safeguard those we wish to save.
Now the guidelines protect Baby Doe without interfering in genuinely difficult treatment decisions or compelling us to fight to prolong dying. They do compel us to correct a malformed esophagus in a profoundly retarded child whose life some might judge insufficiently valuable to save. But this may be the price of saving Baby Doe. For supposing there are viable handicapped infants who are worth treating and viable handicapped children who are not, there is probably no way to delimit that second class without putting all handicapped infants at risk; perhaps there is a way to do this but it is difficult to see what it would be. Therefore, those who recognize the existence of the first group of infants have good reason to support a uniform policy for all viable handicapped children, even if they believe some aren't worth treating. Whether or not all lives are of equal worth, the guidelines are a good idea.
Singer and Kuhse describe a case in which an infant without a forebrain was resuscitated twenty times by a doctor allegedly bowing to pressure from "pro-life" groups, and they imply that this is more likely to happen now that section 504 is being enforced. This is unfair: the guidelines do not compel "impossible or futile acts or therapies" or acts which merely prolong the process of dying. The authors describe a case in which a complaint "led to three investigators and a neonatologist examining after midnight, each infant" in a facility, to find nothing wrong. But every law is a nuisance, especially laws that establish the civil rights of a previously ignored minority. Shall we do away with child abuse laws because they lead to the investigation of innocent families? The authors are indignant that the Reagan administration refuses to be bound by the judgments of Infant Care Review Committees, which, one supposes, will be staffed by experts like doctors and bio-ethicists. But Singer and Kuhse are bio-ethicists and the obstetrician whose ignorance about Down's Syndrome may have doomed Baby Doe is a doctor: obviously handicapped children are entitled to the protection of the law. The authors maintain that most of the support for the guidelines is a response to appeals by groups like the "Christian Action Council." Expressions like "pro-life" and "Christian" seem to have the same function for Singer and Kuhse that "communist" and "outside agitator" had in the rhetoric of those who opposed the civil rights movement of the 1960s: attacking those who support a policy is a handy way of avoiding the issues. They neglect to mention that the American Coalition of Citizens with Disabilities, the Association for Retarded Citizens, the Association for the Severely Handicapped, the Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund and similar groups support the guidelines too. Nor do they mention that the Executive Director of the American Academy of Pediatricians describes the guidelines as "on balance a major step in the right direction toward insuring that handicapped newborns receive appropriate medical treatment."
The bottom line for Singer and Kuhse is this; "No one has the right to impose on anyone else the lifetime burden of caring for a severely handicapped child who has no reasonable prospect of a satisfying life." This is ignorance. Parents of severely handicapped children are assisted by Supplemental Social Security Income, Medicaid, as well as the Handicapped Children Program, and they can release the child for adoption if they don't want her. Many states reimburse adopting families for the maintenance and medical expenses of a disabled child. Increasingly families adopt precisely those children Singer and Kuhse assume have no chance of a satisfying life, with favorable results. Having adopted one, they often adopt others. Organizations of adoptive parents estimate that with vigorous advocacy and recruitment, almost all severely handicapped children given for adoption would find homes. The "burden of the hopelessly handicapped child" is part of the mythology of ignorance and fear that often underlies the judgment that a child's life is not worth living. On the day that he starved to death in Indiana, at least twelve families were trying to adopt Baby Doe.
Jim Stone
University of New Orleans
New Orleans, Louisiana
To the Editors:
The recent discussion of treatment of babies born with serious defects is surprising in that it totally ignores an important factor. Depriving these children of medical attention will normally lead to their dying. As Singer & Kuhse say, "…in many countries, including Britain and Australia, it is standard practice to allow the more severely afflicted babies to die." The point that I wish to make, is that in general this is a rather painful death. Surely providing a quick and painless death would be far superior.
There doesn't seem to be any published explanation for this general use of less "humane" methods. I think, however, that a great many people are making the same mistake that bad King John did. He apparently thought directly killing people was wicked, thus when he had seized one of his enemies he didn't actually kill him, he just withdrew support. Specifically, the victim was not fed.
King John's view of morals in this area as in most other areas was seriously defective. It is astonishing, however, that a great many modern writers seem to be making the same mistake. If we agree with Singer and Kuhse and "Abandon the idea that all human life is of equal worth," we should at least see to it that the most humane possible methods are used in terminating a low value life.
Gordon Tullock
Center for Study of Public Choice
George Mason University
Fairfax, Virginia
To the Editors:
Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse's "The Future of Baby Doe" correctly summarizes this Administration's problems with trying to create health policy from legal cases. Yet the argument that decisions concerning defective newborns are fundamentally ethical rather than medical offers no workable alternative to the bureaucracy that oversaw the treatment of Baby Andrew. Institutionalizing Infant Care Review Committees, the one strategy on which the government and the American Academy of Pediatrics agree, calls for more professional input and offers no voice to parents. Far from guaranteeing equitable or humane treatment, the committee solution leaves the definition of infant and family interests to the vicissitudes of group dynamics among doctors, lawyers, ministers, ethicists, and representatives of handicapped groups who bear no consequences for the final decision.
The main point of the Stinsons' book, that their infant became lost in the interstices of a complex referral system, needs reemphasis. The past ten years have seen a phenomenal growth in neonatal intensive care with expanded options for high technology diagnosis and therapy. The great majority of newborn intensive care patients are premature infants, not those suffering from either Down's Syndrome or spina bifida. While the issue of surgery (for esophogeal atresia as in the Baby Doe case or for duodenal atresia as in most Down's Syndrome problem cases or for spina bifida as in the Baby Jane Doe case) lends itself to a yes-no solution, the treatment of premature infants troubles far more practitioners and parents because there are virtually no disincentives to treatment. Singer and Kuhse mention the Pro-life influence and the fear of legal repercussions as one pressure to continue heroic intervention in otherwise hopeless cases. The immediate effect of the Baby Doe regulations has been to increase referrals of borderline cases to Level III units to avoid difficult decisions in the delivery room and lower level nurseries.
Probably more important than external threats, however, are the professional and institutional dynamics that created neonatal intensive care in the first place. Neonatology is a new subspecialty of pediatrics that has as a central goal the improved viability of increasingly smaller premature infants. Some neonatologists recognize no lower birthweight limit in admitting premature infants to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Each year, on the basis of very little and inconclusive research about severe and permanent damage to patients, the birthweight range of routinely treated newborns drops. Prior to 1977, the 1500 gram neonate was the frontier case. Today, the 900 gram newborn is routinely treated and the 600 gram infant is "on the frontier." Severe cerebral hemorrhages (as suffered by Baby Andrew) are common in these very low birthweight ranges along with gross underdevelopment of all major organs. [If] there are inequities afflicting the treatment of critically ill newborns,…they do not fit a simple model of discrimination. NICU physicians both undertreat and overtreat, depending on how committed they (or the unit director or the pediatric surgeons) are to experimentation, how concerned they are with filling unit beds, how fearful they are of refusing a colleague's referral, how ignorant they are of long-term prognosis, and how cynical they are about parental attitudes. As the Stinsons found out to their dismay and grief, not ill-will but the sheer numbers of house officers, fellows, attendings, and consulting physicians involved in a long-term case can lead to sequentially irrational decision making and a break-down in communication with parents. The consistency of parents in defending the interests of their critically ill newborns is far superior to the consistency of physicians in approaching worst cases….
Instead of advocating blanket regulations, the Administration would do much better to demand limited and uniform policies allowing categorical refusal of treatment on the basis of medical indicators. As with Lorber's spina bifida guidelines, the imposition of clinical criteria appears harsh only if the larger perspective on health care is lost. The Baby Doe regulations place so much faith in medical intervention that we can completely forget that the main cause of premature births is poverty. Poor nutrition, poor housing, and poor prenatal care have time and again been strongly associated with prematurity. As a country we invest increasingly in intensive care for newborns (so that the service now ranks with our top medical expenditures, renal dialysis and coronary bypass), while undercutting basic programs in health, nutrition, and family assistance that more directly resolve the problem.
In a recent US Office of Technology Assessment report on the economics of newborn intensive care, no hard evidence could be mustered that NICUs actually affected neonatal and infant mortality rates. Instead, when the general health of the population improves, prematurity rates decline and with them mortality rates for newborns and infants.1 In addition, a series of clinical evaluations from a national study continue to remind us that very low birthweight infants are readmitted to the hospital at rates five times those for normal newborns.2 Even as survivors, experimental cases remain patients….
Jeanne Guillemin
Boston College
Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse replies:
The treatment of severely handicapped newborns raises a number of important ethical issues. One of the these is the ground and scope of what is commonly referred to as "the right to life"; another is whether there is a significant ethical distinction between allowing a baby to die, and killing a baby. In our review we did not try to cover these more fundamental questions. We have discussed them in a book (now in press) but our review had a more limited aim. We wished to present what happened to Andrew Stinson as an example of the kind of undesirable occurrence which the Reagan administration's Baby Doe regulations are likely to make more common. We also sought to show that these regulations are based on confused thinking. Professor Stone's letter perpetuates the confusions in the regulations.
The central point on which we criticize the guidelines is that they refuse to allow hospitals to take any account of the quality of life prospects of the handicapped infant. It is true that, as Stone points out, the guidelines do not require "impossible or futile" treatment. But what is "futile" treatment? If quality of life is not relevant, there is nothing "futile" about the twentieth resuscitation of an infant without a forebrain. The nineteen resuscitations which preceded this one did succeed in prolonging the life of this particular infant for a full eighteen months. Medical treatment which prolongs life for eighteen months is not normally regarded as futile. Why does Stone so regard it in this case? Presumably only because he sees no point in prolonging the life of an infant with no prospect of a worthwhile life. If this is the ground on which he would allow such an infant to die, however, he is making a quality of life judgment. Hence he seems to be at one with us, and in opposition to the guidelines, on the central question of whether it is proper to invoke quality of life considerations when we decide whether to give life-prolonging treatment to handicapped newborn.
Stone is incorrect when he says that the guidelines do not interfere with genuinely difficult treatment decisions. Obviously, if the guidelines mean what they say, they do interfere with, and require the wrong response to, a whole range of cases in which the life of the infant can be prolonged, but the quality of life prospects of the infant are extremely poor.
Although Stone says that the guidelines do not interfere with genuinely difficult treatment decisions, he gives up this claim in his very next sentence, in which he acknowledges that the guidelines do compel us to save the life of a profoundly retarded child whose life some might judge insufficiently valuable to save. He then shifts to a different claim: that this is a price we should pay in order to save the lives of handicapped infants who are not so profoundly retarded. He has in mind, apparently, infants who will eventually become self-aware, and will be able to talk and interact socially.
Should we be prepared to pay this price? To answer this question, we would need to decide whether we really consider it to be of vital importance to save the lives of these infants; and we would also need to consider whether there might not be other ways of saving their lives which did not have so high a price.
All that Stone says about the importance of saving the lives of these less severely handicapped infants is that retarded children—other than the profoundly retarded—have the same right to life as normal children. This is, however, a claim which urgently needs further discussion. What right to life do normal infants have? As we said in our review, the prolife groups are correct when they say that the location of the baby inside or outside the womb cannot make a crucial difference to its moral status. If the majority of members of our society are now prepared to accept that a fetus does not have the same right to life as a self-aware person, perhaps our society also does not believe that a normal newborn infant has the same right to life as an older child or an adult. Certainly many societies have made a sharp distinction between infanticide and murder; the reactions of many parents—and not just parents—in our own society to "Baby Doe" situations suggests that some such feeling exists in our own society as well.
This is too large an issue to settle here. One of us has discussed it elsewhere3 and we deal with it more fully in our forthcoming book. For present purposes, all we can say is that while we do not think that newborn infants are "chattel," as Stone claims—and do not believe they should be regarded with anything less than humane and loving concern—we also do not think of the moment of birth as somehow instantly bestowing upon the hitherto hapless fetus all the civil rights of a mature person.
The second question raised by Stone's defense of the regulations is this: if it is a bad thing that mildly retarded children are allowed to die in infancy, is Federal intervention the best method of stopping this? We believe that leaving the decision to those who will care for the infant is a better solution. Parental love is a strong motivating factor. Few parents will take decisions that are not in the best interests of their children. Even in the Baby Doe case, it is not at all clear that the parents' decision was based on anything but the interests of the child. In a letter published in the Los Angeles Times,4 a Californian couple, John and Susan West, described the miserable life of their son Brian, who, like Baby Doe, was a Down's syndrome child born with a defective esophagus, but unlike Baby Doe, was operated upon. On the basis of their own experience, the Wests considered the decision made by the parents of Baby Doe to have been in the best interests of the child. Since the letter was written, Brian West has died from complications resulting from the medical treatment. From the Wests' description, it is clear that surgery in these cases does not always succeed in producing a worthwhile life.
The conclusion we would draw is that parents are more likely to be right about these cases than are those whose concerns stem from misguided religious zeal. Stone says that we use terms such as "Christian" and "pro-life" as pejoratives; we intend no such overtones, but we do use them to make the point that support for the Baby Doe guidelines does not come from the community as a whole, or from that section of it which has a particularly strong record of support for civil rights in general. Most of this support comes, rather, from those who hold certain religious doctrines and who wish, under the guise of respect for civil rights, to impose these doctrines on the rest of the community.
In this connection—and since Stone finds implausible our view of the motivation of the Reagan administration—it is worth reporting that on the same day we received Stone's letter (April 26) the Denver Post carried a story headed: "Administration challenges rights of retarded." The story reported that the administration had filed a brief with a federal court arguing that the mentally retarded have no federal right to training that would develop their capacities to the fullest extent possible. The brief, filed by the Justice Department's civil rights division, asked the court to overturn a lower court decision that inmates in a Pennsylvania state hospital have a federal right to rehabilitation in "the least restrictive environment." Instead, the Reagan administration argued, the mentally retarded have a right only to physical safety in state institutions and to "freedom from unreasonable bodily restraints and to such training as is required to reduce the need for bodily restraints and promote physical safety." The position taken in this brief reverses the stand taken by the administration in briefs submitted in the same case in 1981.
This despicable action by the Reagan administration makes a mockery of its pretended concern for the rights of the handicapped. It also undercuts Stone's claim that parents of severely handicapped infants can always give the child up for adoption. While national publicity over a particular case may trigger a few offers of adoption, everyone who has worked in this area knows that for each offer of adoption there are thousands of unpublicized handicapped children languishing in institutions which do not provide adequate care. It says much for the concern of parents that most of them would rather take on the very considerable burden of rearing their severely handicapped child than abandon the child to this kind of existence. It says little for the concern of the Administration that it is willing to fight in court against moves to ensure that these institutions develop the capacities of their residents.
Professor Tullock raises the other central issue we were not able to discuss in our review: whether there is a morally significant distinction between active and passive euthanasia. Since Professor Tullock has brought up this point, however, we readily assent to the view that once parents and doctors have decided on a course which is intended to bring about the early death of a severely handicapped infant, it would be better if that death could be achieved as swiftly and humanely as possible. We deplore the unnecessary suffering which results from the present ambiguous legal situation.
We welcome Professor Guillemin's comments, and entirely agree that Infant Care Review Committees are not an adequate answer to this problem. We also agree that there is a need for a reevaluation of the role of neonatal intensive care units; in fact, through the Centre for Human Bioethics at Monash University, we are carrying out an investigation into issues raised by the care of premature infants in Australia. These issues are, if anything, even more complex than those involving severely handicapped infants.
This Issue
June 14, 1984
Peter Budetti et al., The Costs and Effectiveness of Neonatal Intensive Care, Background paper no. 2, "Case Studies of Medical Technologies." Office of Technology Assessment (US Congress, Washington, DC, 1980). ↩
S. Shapiro et al., "Relevance of Correlates of Infant Deaths for Significant Morbidity at 1 Year of Age," American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 136:363, 1980. ↩
Peter Singer, Practical Ethics (Cambridge University Press, 1979), chapters 4, 6, 7. ↩
Los Angeles Times, May 12, 1982. ↩


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Home > Paper & Card > White Plain Paper & Card > Swift White Paper & Card > Swift Card, 170gsm
It is impossible to show accurate colours or the quality and finish of paper and card on a screen. If you are unsure of its suitability for your purposes we suggest you place a small order first to try it before placing a large order, or you can order a sample snippet of the material to check the shade and finish HERE
New formula - If you have used our Swift before you may notice a slight difference due to a change in its production
A good quality general purpose white paper suitable for a multitude of uses, including hobby, craft, office and commercial use. This material has the same white surface on both sides.
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Product Code: SFT-170A3Size: 297 x 420mm (A3)Material Weight: 170gsmBulk/Caliper/Thickness: 205micAcid Content: Acid FreeColour Variation: Shade can vary between batches and weightsNon-returnable: This material is cut to size when ordered and cannot be cancelled or returned once cut
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TIME TO DESPATCH: (Subject to availability)This material will be cut and despatched as soon as possible. However, please allow up to 4 working days for despatch as the workload of our guillotine operators varies from time to time (working days do not include weekends or bank holidays)If your order contains other items with different despatch times then your order will be despatched in its entirety when all of the items are available.Please bear in mind that once despatched, your order can take a few working days to be delivered.
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Swift White Card, 170gsm, A2 (New Formula)£0.93
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text:
LEVEL PILOT C is a stylish, high-resolution volume solution that fits into any active speaker setup quickly and easily and with a minimum of clutter and wires. This results in convenient and high-precision control over your levels where you would ideally want it: right at your fingertips.
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With any Digital to Analog recording setup it is important to keep the resolution as high as possible at all times throughout the digital signal chain. Digitally controlling the levels prior to the last Digital to Analog conversion - a common practice used by most audio interfaces, digital mixers and digital audio devices - reduces the resolution of the conversion, thus degrading the final signal quality. LEVEL PILOT C's smart design steers clear of this by allowing you to control the volume levels after the conversion, ensuring maximum resolution without ever sacrificing audio quality.
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LEVEL PILOT C comes with its own discrete cabling to ensure perfect stereo imaging and left-right tracking - with no messy cabling to clutter up your workspace.


text:
As Peggy, Wijnen worked as a hairdresser and as a barmaid.
Peggy approached a clinic in Uccle, Brussels and was assigned three doctors: Andre Fardeau, plastic surgeon, Jean Slosse, endocrinologist and Victor Leclarc, urologist, and with the consent of the Wijnen family, they agreed to supply transgender surgery. This was done 13 October 1967. However 11 days later, Peggy died of a blood clot.
The three doctors were charged with inflicting fatal blows and wounds with premeditation and willingly but without intent to kill. Dr Leclarc died before the trial ended. Drs Fardeau and Slosse were acquitted in that consent, both of Peggy and her family, had been given, and that no medical mistake was noted.
"Two Doctors Are Acquitted in Death Case". Associated Press, Sep 28,
1969. Online
- Internacional Areco: entre o sítio e as eleições Bélgica Um Julgamento Transexual. Online
The Internacional Areco article tells us that the going rate for transgender surgery in Belgium in 1967 was 100,000 Belgian francs, which at that time was about £725, which this site says would be the equivalent of £11,870 now.


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"Boy Scout Update: I'm sure you are aware that BSA decided to postpone a decision whether to lift the ban on homosexual members, until May.
It all started when a woman and daughter stopped by "Sweet Cakes by Melissa" in Gresham ,Oregon.
Aaron, Melissa's husband and business partner in the cake shop said, "I did my normal thing, where I asked what the bride and grooms' first names were so I could write it down on the contract."
He says, "She---the girl---giggled a little bit and then informed me it was two brides, at which point, I looked up from my paper, and said..."
It was then that all the assurances we have heard regarding homosexual legislation not imposing or undermining freedom of religious expression, seems to have evaporated.
Aaron says, "I looked up from my paper and said, 'I'm sorry. I hope I didn't waste your time, but we don't do same-sex marriages. We don't believe it is right.'"
With a disgusted look, the two left the cake shop. They want a cake. Aaron and Melissa have certain religious beliefs. So find another cake shop, right?
Actually, no.
"Ten minutes later," Aaron says, "she came back in and told me I got to say my piece and I have a right to my opinion, but she wanted to give me hers."
He said, "OK, go ahead."
The mom explained that she used to share Aaron's beliefs, then her daughter told her she was gay, "then," the mom said she realized that, "God made her daughter that way."
Aaron told the mom, "The Bible doesn't say that."
She told Aaron to read his Bible again. He said she needed to read Leviticus 20:13.
She stormed out of the cake shop. So now its over?
No, not yet.
This is about more than "cake maker, cake maker, make me a cake."
Laurel Bowman has now filed a complaint with the Oregon Department of Justice.
Each time homosexual activists and their surrogates pass laws to redefine marriage, family and the social order in general, they always, with a straight face, assure the people that their latest incremental step will do nothing to undermine or erode their expression of religious freedom.
Matt Staver, founder of Liberty Counsel, says a matter like this should be a slam dunk for religious freedom, but with the way things have been going, it isn't.
No one should be forced to bake a cake if they have deeply held religious reasons not to bake that cake.
Staver says, "In many parts of the country where there is either a sexual orientation or gender identity non-discrimination law, or even worse, a state that sanctions same-sex marriage, that when religious freedom collides with the homosexual agenda, the homosexual agenda, typically has been winning and religious free exercise has been losing."
If homosexual activists can force a small business owner to bake a cake and cater it to a same-sex wedding that violates the cake maker's religious beliefs, what else can they force biblical Christians to do---or not do?
The state attorney general is considering Bowman's complaint.
Will the cake maker be forced to make the cake? Or will they merely be charged with being discriminatory and intolerant?
I will keep you posted.
Be Vigilant. Be Discerning. Be Informed. Be Prayerful. Be Active. Be Blessed.


text: Consider supporting financially or volunteering with our efforts today. Nominate a high school or college student for one of our Civic Awards, we even offer scholarships for our nominees. The 2013-14 academic season gave us our special event to commemorate the life and legacies of John C. Fremont, send your information and be the first from your congressional district and state to join! Ask us a civic question, Register your High School, College, Civic Organization for our Fremont Civics 101 advisory. Our programs serve those in high schools, college and even young professionals with a variety of curricula, events, programs and in giving recognition to citizens who are already demonstrating excellence in citizenship. We are pleased to present a short listing of some of our established offers here: Titled: