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BUENOS AIRES, Argentina — A new pope from Latin America who wants to build "a church for the poor" is stirring hopes among advocates of liberation theology, a movement of social activism that alarmed former popes by delving into leftist politics.
Pope Francis has what it takes to fix a church "in ruins" that has "lost its respect for what is sacred," prominent liberation theologian Leonardo Boff said Saturday.
"With this pope, a Jesuit and a pope from the Third World, we can breathe happiness," Boff said at a Buenos Aires book fair. "Pope Francis has both the vigor and tenderness that we need to create a new spiritual world."
The 74-year-old Brazilian theologian was pressured to remain silent by previous popes who tried to draw a hard line between socially active priests and leftist politics. As Argentina's leading cardinal before he became pope, Francis reinforced this line, suggesting in 2010 that reading the Gospel with a Marxist interpretation only gets priests in trouble.
But Boff says the label of a closed-minded conservative simply doesn't fit with Francis.
"Pope Francis comes with the perspective that many of us in Latin America share. In our churches we do not just discuss theological theories, like in European churches. Our churches work together to support universal causes, causes like human rights, from the perspective of the poor, the destiny of humanity that is suffering, services for people living on the margins."
The liberation theology movement, which seeks to free lives as well as souls, emerged in the 1960s and quickly spread, especially in Latin America. Priests and church laypeople became deeply involved in human rights and social struggles. Some were caught up in clashes between repressive governments and rebels, sometimes at the cost of their lives.
The movement's martyrs include El Salvador's Archbishop Oscar Romero, whose increasing criticism of his country's military-run government provoked his assassination as he was saying Mass in 1980. He was killed by thugs connected to the military hierarchy a day after he preached that "no soldier is obliged to obey an order that is contrary to the will of God." His killing presaged a civil war that killed nearly 90,000 over the next 12 years.
Romero's beatification cause languished under popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI due to their opposition to liberation theology, but he was put back on track to becoming a saint days after Francis became pope.
Scores of other liberation theologians were killed in the 1970s and 1980s. Six Jesuit teachers were slaughtered at their university in El Salvador in 1989. Other priests and lay workers were tortured and vanished in the prisons of Chile and Argentina. Some were shot to death while demanding land rights for the poor in Brazil. A handful went further and picked up arms, or died accompanying rebel columns as chaplains, such as American Jesuit James Carney, who died in Honduras in 1983.
While even John Paul embraced the "preferential option for the poor" at the heart of the movement, some church leaders were unhappy to see church intellectuals mixing doses of Marxism and class struggle into their analysis of the Gospel. It was a powerfully attractive mixture for idealistic Latin Americans who were raised in Catholic doctrine, educated by the region's army of Marxist-influenced teachers, and outraged by the hunger, inequality and bloody repression all around them.
John Paul and his chief theologian, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, drove some of the most ardent and experimental liberation theologians out of the priesthood, castigated some of those who remained, and ensured that the bishops and cardinals they promoted took a wary view of leftist social activism.
Yet much of the movement remained, practiced by thousands of grassroots "base communities" working out of local parishes across the hemisphere, nurtured by nuns, priests and a few bishops who put freedom from hunger, poverty and social injustice at the heart of the Church's spiritual mission.
Hundreds of advocates at a conference in Brazil last year declared themselves ready for a comeback.
"At times embers are hidden beneath the ashes," said the meeting's final declaration, which expressed hopes of stirring ablaze "a fire that lights other fires in the church and in society."
Boff and other advocates are thrilled that this new pope spent so much time ministering in the slums, and are inspired by his writings, which see no heresy in social action.
"The option for the poor comes from the first centuries of Christianity. It is the Gospel itself," said then-Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio during a 2010 deposition in a human rights trial. He said that if he were to repeat "any of the sermons from the first fathers of the church, from the 2nd or 3rd century, about how the poor must be treated, they would say that mine would be Maoist or Trotskyite."
Msgr. Gregorio Rosa Chavez, the auxiliary bishop of San Salvador, said Romero and Francis have the same vision of the church. "When he says 'a church that is poor and for the poor,' that is what Monsignor Romero said so many times," he said.
Rosa Chavez said neither cardinal was among the most radical of churchmen.
"There are many theologies of liberation," he said. "The pope represents one of these currents, the most pastoral current, the current that combines action with teaching." He described Francis' version as "theologians on foot, who walk with the people and combine reflection with action," and contrasted them with "theologians of the desk, who are from university classrooms."
John Paul II himself embraced the term "liberation theology," but was also credited with inspiring resistance to the communist regime in his native Poland, and was allergic to socialist pieties.
For 30 years, the Vatican has been seeding Latin America, Africa and Asia with cardinals "who have tended to be, adverse, to put it kindly, to liberation theology," said Stacey Floyd-Thomas, a professor of ethics and society at Vanderbilt University Divinity School.
In Brazil, Sao Paulo Archbishop Odilo Scherer, widely considered a possible pope, told the Estado de S. Paulo newspaper last year that liberation theology "lost its reason of being because of its Marxist ideological underpinnings . which are incompatible with Christian theology."
"It had its merits by helping bring back into focus matters like social justice, international justice and the liberation of oppressed peoples. But these were always constant themes in the teachings of the Church," Scherer said.
In 1984, Ratzinger put Boff in Galileo's chair for a Vatican inquisition over his writings, eventually stripping him of his church functions and ordering him to spend a year in "obedient silence." Nearly a decade later, in 1993, the Vatican pressured him again, and he quit the Franciscan order.
Now Boff says Francis has brought a "new spring" to the global church.
"Josef Ratzinger. He was against the cause of the poor, liberation theology," Boff said. "But this is from last century. Now we are under a new Pope."


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Congratulations to those of my colleagues who made it through the two year probationary period.
I'm glad to see so many of you still on campus.
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Congratulations to those of my colleagues who made it through the two year probationary period.
I'm glad to see so many of you still on campus.
Hello, everyone. After seeing a couple of new comments come in, I decided I should go ahead and post something I'd been working on for a while.
I haven't posted for two reasons:
For everyone who has waited for new posts: I still enjoy the job very much.
At any rate, here is something I started writing a while ago and decided to put up tonight.
Reading blogs dedicated to IP, some attorneys think that the mantra at the PTO is "reject, reject, reject." Rather, from almost day one I heard "build up your pipeline, build up your pipeline, build up your pipeline."
For people considering taking the job, it is very important to understand how the production system at the PTO works, and when the job is easier or harder. For example, the first 2 months are very easy, if you have the capacity to arrive on time and remain awake during lectures. The early months of the academy do not present a high-pressure environment. The next five or six months are still spent in the academy, but you also have some examining time, which means that you do actually examine cases and send out office actions. However, the only things you are really responsible for are: a) showing up on time for classes and b) doing enough first actions to meet whatever minimum percentage of production your trainer expects of you.
When I looked into taking the job, I spoke to examiners who had been there for at least a couple of years. A recurring theme was that there is a period in which an examiner must produce enough first actions to meet production, while simultaneously responding to amendments (for "free", i.e., no counts). This is actually a point at which many examiners quit, because they find themselves working unpaid overtime just to meet production (if they meet production at all).
However, at some point an examiner starts getting enough allowances, abandonments, and Requests for Continued Examination such that only half or a quarter of her counts are coming from first actions on new applications, and the job becomes much easier.
Of course, if the examiner does not continue doing first actions on new applications, the "pipeline" will dry up, and that rough period will have to be endured yet again.
To get an idea of how this works, potential examiners should understand something about how production works at the USPTO. Examiners get one "count" for a new first action on the merits for an application and for a disposal. A disposal can be an abandonment (applicant has decided to no longer pursue a patent), an allowance (the office agrees that the application meets the statutory standards, and will be issued as a patent), or an RCE (Request for Continued Examination – applicant has decided to pay a fee to continue prosecuting the case after the examiner has sent a final office action). Examiners also get one count for an examiner's answer (if applicant appeals) and two counts for a first action allowance.
Every examiner has a certain level of "production" he must keep in order to be "fully successful" at his job. This is dependent upon what GS level you are, as well as what technology you examine. Technically, production is computed based upon "balance disposals," but it is easier to think about things in terms of counts, so I'll explain from that perspective.
Let's take a hypothetical examiner who must do ten counts per biweek. If this examiner works five days a week, that means he must do one count every day.
When he first starts working on applications, the only counts he can get are from new first actions. So our hypothetical examiner must read and understand the specification and claims, check that the claims are for statutory subject matter, check that the claims are enabled and definite, and then search for prior art that would read on the claims as presented. After this search, the examiner may determine that the claims are patentable, convince his supervisor of same, and then write up a notice of allowance. This would give him two counts. More likely, the examiner will find art that reads on the claims, or some combination of art the examiner believes would be obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to combine to arrive at the claimed invention, or formal issues that require revision before allowance. In that case, the examiner receives one count.
An examiner's production may be lowered based on "other time" he receives (for staff meetings, lectures, etc) which lower the total number of examining hours for the two week period, and thus reduce the number of counts he is expected to produce proportionately. This actually does make a big difference. But for simplicity's sake, this examiner gets no "other time." He's cranking out a count per day, sending out non-final first actions on the merits. Applicant has three months to respond, which may be extended to six months.
So somewhere between three and six months of examining, the examiner starts getting amendments. Now, the examiner has to reply to these, and he has to reply to them within two months of receiving them. More likely than not, he will be receiving just as many amendments back as he sent out first actions. He does not get counts for responding to the arguments or amendments from the attorney. So at around 8-10 months into the job, the examiner (if he started out producing at 100%) must now do one new action per day, plus one amendment. Depending on how good a job the examiner did on the first action, and how confident he is in arguing, amendments might take very little time or very long (possibly as long as doing a whole new first action, depending upon a range of factors).
For an examiner who was struggling to meet production in the time he had, this can be killer.
Now, I don't mention this because I want to scare potential examiners, or because I want sympathy from attorneys and agents. Rather, this is just one phase of the job that examiners must go through. A crucible that tests the will and training of the new examiner. Some people quit because they can't see the light at the end of the tunnel.
There is light, however. As you get better at the job, you become better able to recognize allowable subject matter. And you get better at presenting your arguments for allowances. That means that your response to an amendment suddenly earns you a count. I know attorneys hate to hear this, but the more final office actions you send out, the more abandonments and RCEs you are likely to receive. Abandonments give you a single count. RCEs give you a count when applicant sends in the paperwork (it is an abandonment count), another count when you respond (just like a first action), and another count when you dispose of the application.
I don't want to stir the pot on the (touchy) issue of RCEs. My point is that by the year or year and a half mark, examiners should be getting more counts coming in from those responses to amendments that previously seemed like such a strain. It's called building up your pipeline.
I'm probably going to do a follow up post on this topic, highlighting what can go wrong from an examiner's perspective to disrupt this process.
For those of you still out there… thanks for reading.
Today was our graduation. Congressman Conyers was kind enough to attend and speak at our ceremony, as did Under Secretary Dudas and Deputy Under Secretary Peterlin.
Congressman Conyers was presented with an honorary certificate of completion of the Patent Training Academy. I may add some more details to this post later, but it isn't as though there was new information conveyed.
JPE has an interesting post about how examiners are really trained… via the attorneys and agents who respond to our office actions. I don't have quite as much to say on the matter as JPE does, but I figured I would contribute my little bit of experience to the discussion.
The first thing I want to address, however, is JPE's suggestion that the burdens of the production system cause quality to go down. I'm not sure this is necessarily the case. To a large extent, it depends on the trainers we initially have and the feedback we get during the training process. For some students in the Academy, this is the most in-depth and detailed analysis of their Office Actions that they will ever receive from a supervisor. Other trainers really only look for formal matters and leave the "training" to the attorneys. Because lectures are addressed to students in all arts, we tend to learn the material in the abstract. While we were given some exercises specific to our arts, we have to learn to apply what we've learned through writing real Office Actions. So I'm not sure that its necessarily the production system per se that makes doing quality work difficult; it's trying to figure out how to apply all this stuff to claims and limitations that are quite unlike what we've seen in lecture.
In general, I would say that students judge the quality of their actions (or lack thereof) by a few different standards:
I'll just say a few words about the last one, tone. Some responses are very – shall we say – firm about the job the examiner has done. Many new examiners are easily worried by the arguments they receive from attorneys, and if the tone is harsh (even if complying with Rule 3), they question whether or not their actions are reasonable. But there's a problem: the examiner in training will then take that application to someone else (trainer, TA, primary, SPE, etc) who may then tell the examiner that the attorney's arguments are incorrect. If the other examiner's analysis seems reasonable, the new examiner now feels as though he has been bullied. So now, he's less likely to respond to that severe tone when he comes across it in the future.
Good examiners welcome good arguments, of course. It helps us to do our jobs better, and sometimes teaches us to never do something the way we did it before. Unnecessarily combative arguments can often have the reverse of the desired effect.
I don't mean to imply that such replies are common or predominant. They represent a small percentage of the replies I receive. And while the right answer is to always treat each application on its merits, and to do the most legally correct job possible, it is also true that examiners are only human.
We had the proficiency exam today. I haven't had any posts in a while, mainly because we haven't been having lectures. The move to the TC is soon, however (the week of the 7th), and I should have more to report then.
Today we had an amendment workshop, in which we got some practice materials (for those of us who haven't yet responded to amendments).
Today we had another MPEP preparatory session, although this one was more general and aimed at improving our test taking ability overall. We went over some questions, discussed answers, and heard about strategies that would help us locate the answers more quickly when we actually take the proficiency exam. The exam is scheduled for late December, now, before the holiday.
Today was part two of our 131 affidavit lectures. One of the things that strikes me as incredibly interesting about the lectures on 131s is that it doesn't seem to be straightforward. Perhaps I should explain.
When we first started learning about 102 rejections, one of the important points that was drilled in was that 102(b) is a statutory bar, whereas 102(a) and (e) can be overcome by swearing behind the reference (submitting an affidavit saying that the invention was actually conceived/created before the 102 reference). It was a simplified explanation, as was necessary to convey the important points to us. However, I always felt like there was an implied "just" right before the phrase "swearing behind." It wasn't until I was reading another forum or blog, and someone mentioned that it wasn't, in fact, so easy to swear behind a reference that I started to wonder if my assumption was incorrect. Apparently it was.
Towards the end of the lecture today, we got some tips on avoiding 131 affidavits. Why avoid them? They cost lots of money for applicant. They are non-trivial to file. Our presenter pointed out that when the examiner cites only a 102(e) or (a) reference in the rejection, the implication is that the reference is the best art available, and that the date is what stands in the way of patentability. It would be… frustrating… to applicant to have them spend lots of money on the 131, only to come back with a 102(b) or well-reasoned 103 indicating that there was not, in fact, allowable subject matter.
Thanks for the comments on the last post, btw. I do appreciate the insights!
Note: Lay-person explanation below.
Note 2: Spam got so bad in the comments that I had to move to new spam-blocking software. If your comments aren't being posted in a timely fashion, send me an email and let me know; I'll try to find your comment and unblock it. If it's a regular problem, I'll try to find another solution.
We had a lecture on Appeal Briefs today. It was especially interesting in light of the proposed rules package (as mentioned on just-n-examiner's blog).
To the presenter (who asked): Yes, this was the class with the blogger, yes, I was there today, and yes, you did a fine job presenting. Thank you for taking the time out to speak with us. I haven't mentioned it in a while, but I still do appreciate the work of the speakers who come to talk to us. For the most part, they are energetic people who seem to enjoy both teaching and the subject matter.
I think we went into just enough detail for an intro to the topic: we covered the periods for reply, what is required and optional for an appeal brief, and the (very) basics of the Examiner's Answer. Since writing an Examiner's Answer is going to be so far off into the future for most of us, it probably wouldn't make sense to go into to too much more detail than we did today.
I do have a question about Pre-Appeal Briefs for the practitioners out there: I see a lot of comments on JPE's site about the cost of appeal briefs, only to have examiner's reopen prosecution after the brief has been filed. In our class, we discussed the Pre-Appeal Brief option, which seems to allow applicants to provide a very short pre-appeal brief which would be reviewed by a panel to see if prosecution should be reopened, or if the case should go to the board. Is this option used? Do practitioners find it to be effective? From my naive perspective, it makes me wonder why there's still a problem with examiners reopening prosecution after an appeal brief.
Layperson explanation: When an examiner rejects claims twice, applicants can appeal to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences. This is applicant's first avenue for judicial relief if applicant feels that the Office is not properly rejecting their claims. When applicants want to appeal, they are required to submit an Appeal Brief, which is very, very costly for applicant. Examiners then must write an Examiner's Answer in reply to the Appeal Brief.
We had two lectures today, both from representatives of the BPAI (Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences).
The first lecture dealt with interferences. The easiest way to sum it up would be "find someone who knows what they're doing." Basically, interferences fall into that territory where two applications or an application and a patent are claiming the same invention, but the prior application/patent cannot be used as art against the other. They are very rare. They are complicated. I won't even begin to pretend to understand what goes on, there. The three most important things I pulled from the lecture are: the application must otherwise be in condition for allowance, get help from an interference specialist in your TC, and the BPAI takes care of the dirty work.
The second lecture concerned how to create better office actions, with a focus on making prosecution understandable to whoever might be reading the file file wrapper, including BPAI judges.
We also had a small "ice cream social" this afternoon, which was nice.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Provided by: strace_4.11-1ubuntu3_amd64
strace - trace system calls and signals
strace [-CdffhikqrtttTvVxxy] [-In] [-bexecve] [-eexpr]... [-acolumn] [-ofile] [-sstrsize] [-Ppath]... -ppid... / [-D] [-Evar[=val]]... [-uusername] command [args] strace -c[df] [-In] [-bexecve] [-eexpr]... [-Ooverhead] [-Ssortby] -ppid... / [-D] [-Evar[=val]]... [-uusername] command [args]
In the simplest case strace runs the specified command until it exits. It intercepts and records the system calls which are called by a process and the signals which are received by a process. The name of each system call, its arguments and its return value are printed on standard error or to the file specified with the -o option. strace is a useful diagnostic, instructional, and debugging tool. System administrators, diagnosticians and trouble-shooters will find it invaluable for solving problems with programs for which the source is not readily available since they do not need to be recompiled in order to trace them. Students, hackers and the overly-curious will find that a great deal can be learned about a system and its system calls by tracing even ordinary programs. And programmers will find that since system calls and signals are events that happen at the user/kernel interface, a close examination of this boundary is very useful for bug isolation, sanity checking and attempting to capture race conditions. Each line in the trace contains the system call name, followed by its arguments in parentheses and its return value. An example from stracing the command "cat /dev/null" is: open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY) = 3 Errors (typically a return value of -1) have the errno symbol and error string appended. open("/foo/bar", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) Signals are printed as signal symbol and decoded siginfo structure. An excerpt from stracing and interrupting the command "sleep 666" is: sigsuspend([] <unfinished ...> --- SIGINT {si_signo=SIGINT, si_code=SI_USER, si_pid=...} --- +++ killed by SIGINT +++ If a system call is being executed and meanwhile another one is being called from a different thread/process then strace will try to preserve the order of those events and mark the ongoing call as being unfinished. When the call returns it will be marked as resumed. [pid 28772] select(4, [3], NULL, NULL, NULL <unfinished ...> [pid 28779] clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, {1130322148, 939977000}) = 0 [pid 28772] <... select resumed> ) = 1 (in [3]) Interruption of a (restartable) system call by a signal delivery is processed differently as kernel terminates the system call and also arranges its immediate reexecution after the signal handler completes. read(0, 0x7ffff72cf5cf, 1) = ? ERESTARTSYS (To be restarted) --- SIGALRM ... --- rt_sigreturn(0xe) = 0 read(0, "", 1) = 0 Arguments are printed in symbolic form with a passion. This example shows the shell performing ">>xyzzy" output redirection: open("xyzzy", O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_CREAT, 0666) = 3 Here the third argument of open is decoded by breaking down the flag argument into its three bitwise-OR constituents and printing the mode value in octal by tradition. Where traditional or native usage differs from ANSI or POSIX, the latter forms are preferred. In some cases, strace output has proven to be more readable than the source. Structure pointers are dereferenced and the members are displayed as appropriate. In all cases arguments are formatted in the most C-like fashion possible. For example, the essence of the command "ls -l /dev/null" is captured as: lstat("/dev/null", {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0666, st_rdev=makedev(1, 3), ...}) = 0 Notice how the 'struct stat' argument is dereferenced and how each member is displayed symbolically. In particular, observe how the st_mode member is carefully decoded into a bitwise-OR of symbolic and numeric values. Also notice in this example that the first argument to lstat is an input to the system call and the second argument is an output. Since output arguments are not modified if the system call fails, arguments may not always be dereferenced. For example, retrying the "ls -l" example with a non-existent file produces the following line: lstat("/foo/bar", 0xb004) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) In this case the porch light is on but nobody is home. Character pointers are dereferenced and printed as C strings. Non-printing characters in strings are normally represented by ordinary C escape codes. Only the first strsize (32 by default) bytes of strings are printed; longer strings have an ellipsis appended following the closing quote. Here is a line from "ls -l" where the getpwuid library routine is reading the password file: read(3, "root::0:0:System Administrator:/"..., 1024) = 422 While structures are annotated using curly braces, simple pointers and arrays are printed using square brackets with commas separating elements. Here is an example from the command "id" on a system with supplementary group ids: getgroups(32, [100, 0]) = 2 On the other hand, bit-sets are also shown using square brackets but set elements are separated only by a space. Here is the shell preparing to execute an external command: sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [CHLD TTOU], []) = 0 Here the second argument is a bit-set of two signals, SIGCHLD and SIGTTOU. In some cases the bit-set is so full that printing out the unset elements is more valuable. In that case, the bit-set is prefixed by a tilde like this: sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, ~[], NULL) = 0 Here the second argument represents the full set of all signals.
-c Count time, calls, and errors for each system call and report a summary on program exit. On Linux, this attempts to show system time (CPU time spent running in the kernel) independent of wall clock time. If -c is used with -f or -F (below), only aggregate totals for all traced processes are kept. -C Like -c but also print regular output while processes are running. -D Run tracer process as a detached grandchild, not as parent of the tracee. This reduces the visible effect of strace by keeping the tracee a direct child of the calling process. -d Show some debugging output of strace itself on the standard error. -f Trace child processes as they are created by currently traced processes as a result of the fork(2), vfork(2) and clone(2) system calls. Note that -p PID -f will attach all threads of process PID if it is multi-threaded, not only thread with thread_id = PID. -ff If the -o filename option is in effect, each processes trace is written to filename.pid where pid is the numeric process id of each process. This is incompatible with -c, since no per-process counts are kept. -F This option is now obsolete and it has the same functionality as -f. -h Print the help summary. -i Print the instruction pointer at the time of the system call. -k Print the execution stack trace of the traced processes after each system call (experimental). This option is available only if strace is built with libunwind. -q Suppress messages about attaching, detaching etc. This happens automatically when output is redirected to a file and the command is run directly instead of attaching. -qq If given twice, suppress messages about process exit status. -r Print a relative timestamp upon entry to each system call. This records the time difference between the beginning of successive system calls. -t Prefix each line of the trace with the time of day. -tt If given twice, the time printed will include the microseconds. -ttt If given thrice, the time printed will include the microseconds and the leading portion will be printed as the number of seconds since the epoch. -T Show the time spent in system calls. This records the time difference between the beginning and the end of each system call. -w Summarise the time difference between the beginning and end of each system call. The default is to summarise the system time. -v Print unabbreviated versions of environment, stat, termios, etc. calls. These structures are very common in calls and so the default behavior displays a reasonable subset of structure members. Use this option to get all of the gory details. -V Print the version number of strace. -x Print all non-ASCII strings in hexadecimal string format. -xx Print all strings in hexadecimal string format. -y Print paths associated with file descriptor arguments. -yy Print ip:port pairs associated with socket file descriptors. -a column Align return values in a specific column (default column 40). -b syscall If specified syscall is reached, detach from traced process. Currently, only execve syscall is supported. This option is useful if you want to trace multi-threaded process and therefore require -f, but don't want to trace its (potentially very complex) children. -e expr A qualifying expression which modifies which events to trace or how to trace them. The format of the expression is: [qualifier=][!]value1[,value2]... where qualifier is one of trace, abbrev, verbose, raw, signal, read, or write and value is a qualifier-dependent symbol or number. The default qualifier is trace. Using an exclamation mark negates the set of values. For example, -e open means literally -e trace=open which in turn means trace only the open system call. By contrast, -e trace=!open means to trace every system call except open. In addition, the special values all and none have the obvious meanings. Note that some shells use the exclamation point for history expansion even inside quoted arguments. If so, you must escape the exclamation point with a backslash. -e trace=set Trace only the specified set of system calls. The -c option is useful for determining which system calls might be useful to trace. For example, trace=open,close,read,write means to only trace those four system calls. Be careful when making inferences about the user/kernel boundary if only a subset of system calls are being monitored. The default is trace=all. -e trace=file Trace all system calls which take a file name as an argument. You can think of this as an abbreviation for -e trace=open,stat,chmod,unlink,... which is useful to seeing what files the process is referencing. Furthermore, using the abbreviation will ensure that you don't accidentally forget to include a call like lstat in the list. Betchya woulda forgot that one. -e trace=process Trace all system calls which involve process management. This is useful for watching the fork, wait, and exec steps of a process. -e trace=network Trace all the network related system calls. -e trace=signal Trace all signal related system calls. -e trace=ipc Trace all IPC related system calls. -e trace=desc Trace all file descriptor related system calls. -e trace=memory Trace all memory mapping related system calls. -e abbrev=set Abbreviate the output from printing each member of large structures. The default is abbrev=all. The -v option has the effect of abbrev=none. -e verbose=set Dereference structures for the specified set of system calls. The default is verbose=all. -e raw=set Print raw, undecoded arguments for the specified set of system calls. This option has the effect of causing all arguments to be printed in hexadecimal. This is mostly useful if you don't trust the decoding or you need to know the actual numeric value of an argument. -e signal=set Trace only the specified subset of signals. The default is signal=all. For example, signal =! SIGIO (or signal=!io) causes SIGIO signals not to be traced. -e read=set Perform a full hexadecimal and ASCII dump of all the data read from file descriptors listed in the specified set. For example, to see all input activity on file descriptors 3 and 5 use -e read=3,5. Note that this is independent from the normal tracing of the read(2) system call which is controlled by the option -e trace=read. -e write=set Perform a full hexadecimal and ASCII dump of all the data written to file descriptors listed in the specified set. For example, to see all output activity on file descriptors 3 and 5 use -e write=3,5. Note that this is independent from the normal tracing of the write(2) system call which is controlled by the option -e trace=write. -I interruptible When strace can be interrupted by signals (such as pressing ^C). 1: no signals are blocked; 2: fatal signals are blocked while decoding syscall (default); 3: fatal signals are always blocked (default if '-o FILE PROG'); 4: fatal signals and SIGTSTP (^Z) are always blocked (useful to make strace -o FILE PROG not stop on ^Z). -o filename Write the trace output to the file filename rather than to stderr. Use filename.pid if -ff is used. If the argument begins with '|' or with '!' then the rest of the argument is treated as a command and all output is piped to it. This is convenient for piping the debugging output to a program without affecting the redirections of executed programs. -O overhead Set the overhead for tracing system calls to overhead microseconds. This is useful for overriding the default heuristic for guessing how much time is spent in mere measuring when timing system calls using the -c option. The accuracy of the heuristic can be gauged by timing a given program run without tracing (using time(1)) and comparing the accumulated system call time to the total produced using -c. -p pid Attach to the process with the process ID pid and begin tracing. The trace may be terminated at any time by a keyboard interrupt signal (CTRL-C). strace will respond by detaching itself from the traced process(es) leaving it (them) to continue running. Multiple -p options can be used to attach to many processes. -p "`pidof PROG`" syntax is supported. -P path Trace only system calls accessing path. Multiple -P options can be used to specify several paths. -s strsize Specify the maximum string size to print (the default is 32). Note that filenames are not considered strings and are always printed in full. -S sortby Sort the output of the histogram printed by the -c option by the specified criterion. Legal values are time, calls, name, and nothing (default is time). -u username Run command with the user ID, group ID, and supplementary groups of username. This option is only useful when running as root and enables the correct execution of setuid and/or setgid binaries. Unless this option is used setuid and setgid programs are executed without effective privileges. -E var=val Run command with var=val in its list of environment variables. -E var Remove var from the inherited list of environment variables before passing it on to the command.
When command exits, strace exits with the same exit status. If command is terminated by a signal, strace terminates itself with the same signal, so that strace can be used as a wrapper process transparent to the invoking parent process. Note that parent-child relationship (signal stop notifications, getppid() value, etc) between traced process and its parent are not preserved unless -D is used. When using -p, the exit status of strace is zero unless there was an unexpected error in doing the tracing.
If strace is installed setuid to root then the invoking user will be able to attach to and trace processes owned by any user. In addition setuid and setgid programs will be executed and traced with the correct effective privileges. Since only users trusted with full root privileges should be allowed to do these things, it only makes sense to install strace as setuid to root when the users who can execute it are restricted to those users who have this trust. For example, it makes sense to install a special version of strace with mode 'rwsr-xr--', user root and group trace, where members of the trace group are trusted users. If you do use this feature, please remember to install a non-setuid version of strace for ordinary lusers to use.
ltrace(1), time(1), ptrace(2), proc(5)
It is a pity that so much tracing clutter is produced by systems employing shared libraries. It is instructive to think about system call inputs and outputs as data-flow across the user/kernel boundary. Because user-space and kernel-space are separate and address- protected, it is sometimes possible to make deductive inferences about process behavior using inputs and outputs as propositions. In some cases, a system call will differ from the documented behavior or have a different name. For example, on System V-derived systems the true time(2) system call does not take an argument and the stat function is called xstat and takes an extra leading argument. These discrepancies are normal but idiosyncratic characteristics of the system call interface and are accounted for by C library wrapper functions. Some system calls have different names in different architectures and personalities. In these cases, system call filtering and printing uses the names that match corresponding __NR_* kernel macros of the tracee's architecture and personality. There are two exceptions from this general rule: arm_fadvise64_64(2) ARM syscall and xtensa_fadvise64_64(2) Xtensa syscall are filtered and printed as fadvise64_64(2). On some platforms a process that is attached to with the -p option may observe a spurious EINTR return from the current system call that is not restartable. (Ideally, all system calls should be restarted on strace attach, making the attach invisible to the traced process, but a few system calls aren't. Arguably, every instance of such behavior is a kernel bug.) This may have an unpredictable effect on the process if the process takes no action to restart the system call.
Programs that use the setuid bit do not have effective user ID privileges while being traced. A traced process runs slowly. Traced processes which are descended from command may be left running after an interrupt signal (CTRL-C). The -i option is weakly supported.
The original strace was written by Paul Kranenburg for SunOS and was inspired by its trace utility. The SunOS version of strace was ported to Linux and enhanced by Branko Lankester, who also wrote the Linux kernel support. Even though Paul released strace 2.5 in 1992, Branko's work was based on Paul's strace 1.5 release from 1991. In 1993, Rick Sladkey merged strace 2.5 for SunOS and the second release of strace for Linux, added many of the features of truss(1) from SVR4, and produced an strace that worked on both platforms. In 1994 Rick ported strace to SVR4 and Solaris and wrote the automatic configuration support. In 1995 he ported strace to Irix and tired of writing about himself in the third person.
Problems with strace should be reported to the strace mailing list at <firstname.lastname@example.com>. 2010-03-30 STRACE(1)


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With a history that spans more than 100 years, the Georg Jensen brand represents quality craftsmanship and timeless aesthetic design, producing lifestyle products ranging from hollowware to watches, jewellery and home products.
The philosophy of Georg Jensen himself was to create democratic designs possessing both functionality and beauty. His artisanal skill and artistic talent combined with his continuous ability to identify and support design talent was the foundation on which he built Georg Jensen in Copenhagen in 1904.
Georg Jensen's style embraced the Art Nouveau lines of the day but injected them with a distinctive vigour that continues to resonate today. Serene flowing forms are enriched by exquisitely sculpted ornamentation and his stylised bouquets of flowers and lush bunches of grapes reflect his sensual delight in nature. Our most important task is to leverage the ideas and principles of the master himself and translate these into the design of the present day.


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All students, teachers and visitors are required to wear industrial quality eye protective devices when participating in or observing the following activities in any class:
Eye protective devices designed to provide protection for the hazards involved and to meet standards specified by state law will be provided by the School District. These devices may be issued to the students or provided at work stations for individual activities. If the devices are issued to the students, principals are authorized to charge students for loss, damage or failure to return any device issued.


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The 2008 visit focused on the treatment and conditions of detention of sentenced and remand prisoners. In this context, it assessed developments in relation to prison healthcare services and examined the use of means of restraint within prison. Particular attention was also paid to the issue of safeguards against ill-treatment of persons deprived of their liberty by law enforcement officials. The visit was prompted by the fact that the authorities' response to the report on a previous visit in 2007 did not address many of the issues identified by the Committee.
The CPT remains concerned about the apparent lack of action taken to tackle serious concerns such as ill-treatment of detained persons (including juveniles) by police and prison officers and the poor conditions of detention in prisons. The report states that little progress was observed during the 2008 visit and highlights the necessity for the authorities to provide the Committee with accurate and reliable responses as a prerequisite for cooperation.
The CPT's report on the June/July 2008 visit and the response of the national authorities are available on the CPT's website http://www.cpt.coe.int.
Both documents have been made public at the request of the national authorities.
2008 News
Council of Europe anti-torture Committee publishes report on "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"
The Council of Europe's Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT) has published today the report on its June/July 2008 ad hoc visit to "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" , together with the authorities' response.
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Hi There!
I've moved my blog to a new address: Coffee Time Stitches
I feel this title and blog address are better for me since I've gone beyond quilting and play with all types of fabrics, threads and even yarn now.
Please update any RSS feeds or subscriptions you have to the new address. Thanks!
I hope to see you at my new blog home. Stop by and say hello.
Sweet P
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When Twitter and Facebook first began to catch fire, so did food trucks. Mobile kitchens in cities like Los Angeles and New York branded themselves, using social media to gain foodie followers. But the gourmet meals-on-wheels trend was slow to hit Phoenix streets.
Fast forward to 2013 and nearly 60 food trucks belong to the Phoenix Street Food Coalition. Now, some of the city's food truck operators are trading car keys for tables and chairs. Several brick-and-mortar incarnations have emerged in the past nine months in the desert city's artsy Roosevelt Row neighborhood. The location stands in contrast to the many popular restaurants scattered across the city and its suburbs, tucked inside strip malls. Besides having built-in street cred, these food-truck-spawned establishments have become great advocates for showcasing locally-grown and purchased food through innovative street eats.
Leading the culinary charge is the Welcome Diner. Chef Michael Babcock and his business partner, Jenn Robinson, were brought in by Phoenix developer Sloane McFarland to revive the long-dormant nine-seat diner. A fixture on historic Route 66 in the 1960s, the roadside Valentine-style diner (a type of diner built like a small box) has anchored a residential block of Roosevelt Street since 1979.
Babcock, who has worked in the kitchens of several local restaurants, started a food truck last year that peddled Southern biscuit sandwiches. But after five months, Babcock, who calls food truck owners "the hardest working people I've ever seen," found the pace wasn't for him.
Since opening Welcome Diner Feb. 1, Babcock has found a happy restaurant rhythm. The menu offers hamburgers, sandwiches and other entrees with Southern, Cajun and Southwest influences. But Babcock also takes pride in using regional ingredients like chorizo (spicy Mexican sausage) and green chiles. He also has a relationship with local farms and a nearby community garden.
It's open until midnight, but go for brunch and see if your eyes don't widen in awe at the "holy Puerco." The crisp cheddar grit cake piled with Carolina pulled pork, a fried egg and hog jowl cracklins is a pile of tender, melt-in-your-mouth goodness. The biscuit sandwich with a fried chicken breast, local honey and pickles is also worth tasting. And whether or not you are a vegetarian, you will wolf down the vegan po'boy — fried avocado and kale dressed in a spicy chipotle remoulade on French bread. Babcock also surprises with new weekly specials, such as chorizo meatloaf.
You'll feel like just another Phoenician sitting at one of several wooden tables on the patio out front. Many locals come by to get beer or wine and flee the downtown bustle just a few blocks away. With its close proximity to a hostel, you could easily find yourself chatting with a visitor from abroad. As for Babcock's old food truck? It's now retired out back and serves as the prep kitchen.
Another food truck that channeled its fan-base into a locavore restaurant lies less than a mile away. Open since July 23 (National Hot Dog Day), Short Leash Hot Dogs' Sit.Stay restaurant is a spin-off from the food truck Brad and Kat Moore started in 2010. The Moores, however, still have two mobile trucks in circulation.
Their hot dogs have gotten raves for using soft naan instead of buns and for coming up with all sorts of topping combinations, named after canines they love. Try the sweet and savory "Bear," which is your choice of locally-made sausage or hot dog (chicken, beef, pork or vegan) with peanut butter, smoked Gouda, bacon, barbecue sauce and cracker jacks. The sit-down space has munchies you can't always get from the trucks. The spice is nice in the "crispy dog," jalapeno and cheddar-stuffed wieners rolled up in corn tortillas, then deep-fried. It's perfectly complemented by an avocado cream sauce.
If you have any room left at Short Leash, pack a piece from Mamma Toledo's The Pie Hole. Short Leash invited Mamma Toledo's, the city's first all-pie food truck, to have its own counter space. Walk-ins for pie are welcome. Expect the usual standards like Key lime and banana cream and seasonal options like sweet potato with a pecan crust.
This past September, the popular 2-year-old Pizza People food truck expanded with the Pizza People Pub. Just outside Roosevelt Row and right by a light rail stop, the new restaurant has gotten the thumbs-up for hand-tossed regular and gluten-free crust. The range of pizza toppings includes the expected (pepperoni) and the non-traditional (kimchee).


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Select an insurance product to get started.
We value your privacy. We may collect personal information from you for business, marketing, and commercial purposes. Read more Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information (CA residents only)
We value your privacy. We may collect personal information from you such as identifying information (name, address, driver's license number), transactional information (products or services purchased and payment history), digital network activity (interactions with our website, IP address), geo-location data, audio recordings and other forms of personal information. We use this information for business, marketing and commercial purposes, including but not limited to, providing the products and services you request, processing your claims, protecting against fraud, maintaining security, confirming your identity and offering you other insurance and financial products.
For California residents, click here to view the full version of the California Consumer Privacy Notice.


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At the award-winning Orange County Convention Center, we offer a world of possibilities for unique one-of-a-kind conventions, tradeshows and meetings. We are proud of our state-of-the-art facility that offers approximately 2.1 million square feet of combined exhibit space.
Conveniently located in Central Florida, we are surrounded by Orlando's premier tourism and business district that feature upscale hotels, fine dining, deluxe shopping districts and endless activities for the business traveler or family.
The OCCC has a long history of excellent partnerships. These relationships enhance overall performance and contribute greatly to the client/guest experience. Forming of new relationships and strengthening our current partnerships is one of the keys to our success.
We look forward to working with you and your team to bring your event to life. For additional information, please contact the OCCC Sales team at 1-800-945-3845 or by email.
Submit a Request For Proposal (RFP)
Orange County Convention Center
P.O. Box 691509
Orlando, FL 32869-1509
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RFC 2243 - OTP Extended Responses
Network Working Group C. Metz Request for Comments: 2243 The Inner Net Category: Standards Track November 1997 OTP Extended Responses Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1997). All Rights Reserved. Abstract This document provides a specification for a type of response to an OTP [RFC 1938] challenge that carries explicit indication of the response's encoding. Codings for the two mandatory OTP data formats using this new type of response are presented. This document also provides a specification for a response that allows an OTP generator to request that a server re-initialize a sequence and change parameters such as the secret pass phrase. 1. Conventions, Terms, and Notation This document specifies the data formats and software behaviors needed to use OTP extended responses. The data formats are described three ways: using an ad-hoc UNIX manual page style syntax, using augmented BNF described in sections two and three of RFC 822, and by examples. Should there be any conflict between these descriptions, the augmented BNF takes precedence. The software behaviors are described in words, and specific behavior compliance requirements are itemized using the requirements terminology (specifically, the words MUST, SHOULD, and MAY) defined in RFC 2119. 2. Extended Challenges and Extended Responses This document builds on the protocol and terminology specified in RFC 1938 and assumes that you have already read this document and understand its contents. An extended challenge is a single line of printable text terminated by either a new line sequence appropriate for the context of its use (e.g., ASCII CR followed by ASCII LF) or a whitespace character. It contains a standard OTP challenge, a whitespace character, and a list that generators use to determine which extended responses are supported by a server. An extended response is a single line of printable text terminated by a new line sequence appropriate for the context of its use. It contains two or more tokens that are separated with a single colon (':') character. The first token contains a type specifier that indicates the format of the rest of the response. The tokens that follow are argument data for the OTP extended response. At least one token of data MUST be present. 2.1. Syntax In UNIX manual page like syntax, the general form of an extended challenge could be described as: <standard OTP challenge> ext[,<extension set id>[, ...]] And the general form of an extended response could be described as: <type-specifier>:<arg1>[:<arg2>[:...]] In augmented BNF syntax, the syntax of the general form of an extended challenge and an extended response is: extended-challenge = otp-challenge 1*LWSP-char capability-list (NL / *LWSP-char) otp-challenge = <a standard OTP challenge> capability-list = "ext" *("," extension-set-id) extension-set-id = *<any CHAR except LWSP, CTLs, or ","> extended-response = type 1*(":" argument) NL type = token argument = token token = 1*<any CHAR except ":" and CTLs> NL = <new line sequence appropriate for the context in which OTP is being used> An example of an extended challenge indicating support for OTP extended responses and for a mythical response set "foo" is: otp-md5 123 mi1234 ext,foo An example of an extended response using a mythical type named "foo" is: foo:some data:some more data:12345 2.2. Requirements A server compliant with this specification: 1. MUST be able to receive and parse the general form of an extended response 2. MUST be able to receive, parse, and correctly process all extended responses specified in this document 3. MUST process the type field in a case-insensitive manner 4. MUST reject any authentication attempt using an extended response if it does not support that type of response 5. SHOULD provide an appropriate indication to the generator if the response was rejected because of (4) 6. MUST limit the length of the input reasonably 7. MUST accept otherwise arbitrary amounts of whitespace wherever a response allows it 8. MUST be able to receive and correctly process standard OTP responses A generator compliant with this specification: 1. MUST be able to generate standard OTP responses 2. MUST use standard responses unless an extended challenge has been received for the particular server AND seed 3. MUST generate the type field in lower case 4. MUST NOT send a response type for which the server has not indicated support through an extended challenge Extension set identifiers and extension type identifiers named with the prefix "x-" are reserved for private use among mutually consenting implementations. Implementations that do not recognise a particular "x-" extension MUST ignore that extension. This means that all "x-" extensions are likely to be non-interoperable with other extensions. Careful consideration should be given to the possibility of a server interacting with with a generator implementation which, although it recognizes a given "x-" extension, uses it for a different purpose. All of the remaining extension namespace is reserved to IANA, which will only officially assign the extension into this namespace after the IESG approves of such an assignment. During the lifetime of the OTP WG, it is recommended that the IESG consult with the OTP WG prior to approving such an assignment. 3. The "hex" and "word" Responses There exists a very rare case in which a standard OTP response could be a valid coding in both the hexadecimal and six-word formats. An example of this is the response "ABE ACE ADA ADD BAD A." The solution to this problem mandated by the OTP specification is that compliant servers MUST attempt to parse and verify a standard response in both hexadecimal and six-word formats and must consider the authentication successful if either succeeds. This problem can be solved easily using extended responses. The "hex" response and the "word" response are two response types that encode an OTP in an extended response that explicitly describes the encoding. These responses start with a type label of "hex" for a hexadecimal OTP and "word" for a six-word coded OTP. These responses contain one argument field that contains a standard OTP response coded in the indicated format. 3.1. Syntax In UNIX manual page like syntax, the format of these responses could be described as: hex:<hexadecimal number> word:<six dictionary words> In augmented BNF syntax and with the definitions already provided, the syntax of these responses is: hex-response = "hex:" hex-64bit NL hex-64bit = 16(hex-char *LWSP-char) hex-char = ("A" / "B" / "C" / "D" / "E" / "F" / "a" / "b" / "c" / "d" / "e" / "f" / "0" / "1" / "2" / "3" / "4" / "5" / "6" / "7" / "8" / "9") word-response = "word:" word-64bit NL word-64bit = 6(otp-word 1*LWSP-char) otp-word = <any valid word in the standard OTP coding dictionary> Examples of these responses are: hex:8720 33d4 6202 9172 word:VAST SAUL TAKE SODA SUCH BOLT 3.2. Requirements A server compliant with this specification: 1. MUST process all arguments in a case-insensitive manner A generator compliant with this specification: 1. SHOULD generate otp-word tokens in upper case with single spaces separating them 2. SHOULD generate hexadecimal numbers using only lower case for letters 4. The "init-hex" and "init-word" Responses The OTP specification requires that implementations provide a means for a client to re-initialize or change its OTP information with a server but does not require any specific protocol for doing it. Implementations that support the OTP extended responses described in this document MUST support the response with the "init-hex" and "init-word" type specifiers, which provide a standard way for a client to re-initialize its OTP information with a server. This response is intended to be used only by automated clients. Because of this, the recommended form of this response uses the hexadecimal encoding for binary data. It is possible for a user to type an "init- hex" or "init-word" response. 4.1. Syntax In UNIX manual page like syntax, the format of these responses could be described as: init-hex:<current-OTP>:<new-params>:<new-OTP> init-word:<current-OTP>:<new-params>:<new-OTP> In augmented BNF syntax and with the definitions already provided, the syntax of the "init-hex" response is: init-hex-response = "init-hex:" current-OTP ":" new-params ":" new-OTP NL current-OTP = hex-64bit new-OTP = hex-64bit new-params = algorithm SPACE sequence-number SPACE seed algorithm = "md4" / "md5" / "sha1" sequence-number = 4*3DIGIT seed = 16*1(ALPHA / DIGIT) In augmented BNF syntax and with the definitions already provided, the syntax of the "init-word" response is: init-word-response = "init-word:" current-OTP ":" new-params ":" new-OTP NL current-OTP = word-64bit new-OTP = word-64bit new-params = algorithm SPACE sequence-number SPACE seed algorithm = "md4" / "md5" / "sha1" sequence-number = 4*3DIGIT seed = 16*1(ALPHA / DIGIT) Note that all appropriate fields for the "init-hex" response MUST be hexadecimally coded and that all appropriate fields for the "init- word" response MUST be six-word coded. Examples of these responses are: init-hex:f6bd 6b33 89b8 7203:md5 499 ke6118:23d1 b253 5ae0 2b7e init-hex:c9b2 12bb 6425 5a0f:md5 499 ke0986:fd17 cef1 b4df 093e init-word:MOOD SOFT POP COMB BOLO LIFE:md5 499 ke1235: ARTY WEAR TAD RUG HALO GIVE init-word:END KERN BALM NICK EROS WAVY:md5 499 ke1235: BABY FAIN OILY NIL TIDY DADE (Note that all of these responses are one line. Due to their length, they had to be split into multiple lines in order to be included here. These responses MUST NOT span more than one line in actual use) 4.2. Description of Fields The current-OTP field contains the (RFC 1938) response to the OTP challenge. The new-params field contains the parameters for the client's new requested challenge and the new-OTP field contains a response to that challenge. If the re-initialization is successful, a server MUST store the new OTP in its database as the last successful OTP received and the sequence number in the next challenge presented by the server MUST be one less than the sequence number specified in the new-params field. The new-params field is hashed as a string the same way that a seed or secret pass phrase would be. All other field values are hashed in their uncoded binary forms, in network byte order and without any padding. 4.3. Requirements A server compliant with this specification: 1. SHOULD NOT allow a user to use the same value for their seed and secret pass phrase. 2. MUST disable all OTP access to any principal whose sequence number would be less than one 3. MUST decrement the sequence number if a reinitialization response includes a valid current-OTP, but the server is unable to successfully process the new-params or new-OTP for any reason. A generator compliant with this specification: 1. SHOULD NOT allow a user to use the same value for their seed and secret pass phrase 2. MUST take specific steps to prevent infinite loops of re-initialization attempts in case of failure 3. SHOULD provide the user with some indication that the re-initialization is taking place 4. SHOULD NOT do a re-initialization without the user's permission, either for that specific instance or as a configuration option 5. SHOULD NOT retry a failed re-initialization without a user's permission 6. SHOULD warn the user if the sequence number falls below ten 7. MUST refuse to generate OTPs with a sequence number below one 5. Security Considerations All of the security considerations for the OTP system also apply to the OTP system with extended responses. These extended responses, like OTP itself, do not protect the user against active attacks. The IPsec Authentication Header (RFC-1826) (or another technique with at least as much strength as IPsec AH) SHOULD be used to protect against such attacks. The consequences of a successful active attack on the re- initialization response may be more severe than simply hijacking a single session. An attacker could substitute his own response for that of a legitimate user. The attacker may then be able to use the OTP system to authenticate himself as the user at will (at least until detected). Failure to implement server requirement 3 in section 4.3 opens an implementation to an attack based on replay of the current-OTP part of the response. 6. Acknowledgments Like RFC 1938, the protocol described in this document was created by contributors in the IETF OTP working group. Specific contributions were made by Neil Haller, who provided input on the overall design requirements of a re-initialization protocol, Denis Pinkas, who suggested several modifications to the originally proposed re- initialization protocol, and Phil Servita, who opened the debate with the first real protocol proposal and provided lots of specific input on the design of this and earlier protocols. The extensions to the OTP challenge were suggested by Chris Newman and John Valdes. Randall Atkinson and Ted T'so also contributed their views to discussions about details of the protocol extensions in this document. References [RFC 822] Crocker, D., "Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text Messages," RFC 822, August 1982. [RFC 1825] Atkinson, R., "Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol," RFC 1825, August 1995. [RFC 1938] Haller, N. and C. Metz, "A One-Time Password System," RFC 1938, May 1996. [RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Level," RFC 2119, March 1997. Author's Address Craig Metz The Inner Net Box 10314-1936 Blacksburg, VA 24062-0314 (DSN) 354-8590 firstname.lastname@example.com Appendix: Reference Responses The following responses were generated by a development version of the One-Time Passwords in Everything (OPIE) implementation of this specification. All of these are responses to the challenge: otp-md5 499 ke1234 ext Note that the re-initialization responses use the same secret pass phrase for new and current and a new seed of "ke1235". Also, these responses have been split for formatting purposes into multiple lines; they MUST NOT be multiple lines in actual use. The secret pass phrase for these responses is: This is a test. The OTP standard hexadecimal response is: 5bf0 75d9 959d 036f The OTP standard six-word response is: BOND FOGY DRAB NE RISE MART The OTP extended "hex" response is: hex:5Bf0 75d9 959d 036f The OTP extended "word" response is: word:BOND FOGY DRAB NE RISE MART The OTP extended "init-hex" response is: init-hex:5bf0 75d9 959d 036f:md5 499 ke1235:3712 dcb4 aa53 16c1 The OTP extended "init-word" response is: init-word:BOND FOGY DRAB NE RISE MART:md5 499 ke1235: RED HERD NOW BEAN PA BURG Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1997). All Rights Reserved. This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English. The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. User Contributions:Comment about this RFC, ask questions, or add new information about this topic: |


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Avoiding the lifelong psychological damage of childhood bullying
Childhood bullying is so common that it may not seem like a big deal. Up to 35% per cent of people are estimated to have experienced it at some point. By adulthood, we are generally expected to have "got over" it. But the mental health effects of being bullied can be serious and last a lifetime. One study has even suggested that, when it comes to mental health, bullying is as harmful as child abuse, if not worse.
Approximately 20% of people who have been bullied experience some kind of mental health problems later in life, even at the age of 50. While some of these, such as post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are easy to spot, others may be more difficult to recognise. These can range from inexplicable bouts of anger to a lifetime of feeling inferior to other people.
Although there has been an immense amount of research on bullying, most of it has focused on immediate effects, intervention and prevention. So we need more research on long-term effects and new forms of bullying, such as online abuse.
That said, severe long-term effects of bullying are relatively well documented. Research has shown that victims of bullying report more severe anxiety symptoms than others. Being bullied is also linked to social anxiety, which often lasts into adulthood and increases the risk of developing personality disorders.
Depression is another negative consequence of bullying , which might lead to suicidal ideation and even suicide attempts. So if you are struggling with depression or anxiety and have a history of being bullied, there may be a link.
One of the most severe consequences is post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research has shown that 40.5% of girls and 27.6% of boys show PTSD symptoms at the time of being bullied. These individuals' torment can sometimes follow them into later life. This can be triggered by just remembering the bullying incident or by related stimuli, such as visiting their school as adults or by encountering their bully in a different environment.
Trust and self-esteem
While people with severe depression, anxiety or post traumatic stress disorder may actually seek help and uncover that bullying could have played a part in their mental health problems, for many other people the signs are more subtle.
Self-esteem is an aspect that is both a risk factor and a consequence of bullying. It is not hard to see that children who are suffering from repetitive bullying at school, at a time when they are still in the process of developing their personalities, could suffer a serious and lasting decline in self-esteem.
On the other hand, high self-esteem has been linked to bullying others. However, this effect seems to be moderated by other factors – high self-esteem is only linked to high bullying rates in schools which the students perceive to have a poor climate.
Another distinctive example is anger, which is a prerequisite of aggression and has been associated with both victimisation and perpetration of bullying. For the bullies, it is well recognised that, behind their abusive behaviour, lies the intention to hurt another individual – usually motivated by negative emotions such as aggression, anger and hostility. But repeated bullying can also make victims more angry, which in turn maintains the cycle of bullying. The main difference between bullies and victims is that bullies exhibit higher levels of proactive aggression (behaviour that anticipates a reward), whereas victims exhibit higher levels of reactive aggression (anger in response to a threat).
Bullying can also lead to health problems, alcohol and drug abuse, social withdrawal and severe trust issues. For many victims who are trying to overcome the experience, the loss of trust is perhaps the most challenging consequence. But if nobody stands up for you at the time of being bullied, you begin to lose trust in your peers – and that may be for life.
It is also important to note that bullying effects are often related. In other words, low self-esteem is related to depression, depression is related to suicidal ideation, and so on. Such relationships lead victims to experience not one, but multiple bullying effects during their victimisation period and in their adulthood.
Dealing with the past
So what should you do if you suddenly realise that bouts of anger or low self-esteem may have resulted from bullying that happened decades ago? One option is talking therapy or cognitive behavioural therapy. The latter involves training yourself to change your thinking and behaviour, tackling for example negative thinking, social phobia or low self-esteem.
When it comes to anger, various studies have indicated that restorative justice techniques – a mediation between the victim and the offender while promoting discussion and forgiveness – could help. However, such practices can only benefit victims and bullies respectively if applied in a controlled environment, such as the school, by a trained member of staff.
Some individuals take their own initiative to face their bully or victim in adulthood and either apologise for their past behaviour or seek answers for their victimisation. However, they must keep in mind that such an encounter might have the exact opposite results. Research shows that bullies often maintain an aggressive behaviour in adulthood. Therapy or counselling are usually therefore much better ways to deal with the consequences.
Perhaps the most important thing in order to get over traumatic bullying experiences is to stop blaming yourself. There have been numerous studies indicating that this is very common and a result of wrongfully developed perceptions. For example, it is well established that overweight children suffer higher levels of bullying than others. Such individuals may view their body mass or inability to "stand up for themselves" as the reason they were picked on. If these victims do not accept their individuality and stop self blaming, it can be very hard to heal the wounds.
Source: Read Full Article


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12d or Unit 2 Traffic Management Operative
Location - Crawley RH11 0PJ
Salary: Highly Competitive depending on location, skills and experience with company bonus, benefits and overtime opportunity.
Plus £500 welcome bonus in first pay for all qualified Operatives!
As a qualified 12d or Unit 2 Traffic Management Operative, you can expect the benefits from Chevron Traffic Management that come with being an employer of choice:
General hours of work are 40 hours per week with overtime opportunity. Hours and shift patterns tend to fall on days; however, you may be also required to work evenings, nights and weekends. You will also be required to be on the on-call rota especially if you have the use of a company van.
Who is Chevron Traffic Management?
In simple terms, Chevron Traffic Management is the company that sets up temporary road or lane closures, diversions routes or pedestrian walkways to keep road workers and road users safe while roadworks are underway. This involves putting out road cones, signage, temporary traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, and barriers. Our work is visible all over the country. The next time you are out and about and see roadworks, have a look at the signage. It is possible that Chevron Traffic Management put them there.
It is, of course, much more complicated than that. It involves consulting, planning, designing, estimating and liaising with our suppliers and our customers to ensure that our schemes are fit for purpose. It also involves innovation and technology so we can improve safety and help our industry to reduce our carbon footprint.
Traffic Management is a challenging industry but we know that our work keeps people safe which makes it really rewarding. The people who work in Chevron TM make it fun.
There has never been a better time to join Chevron Traffic Management as a 12d Traffic Management Operative! We have had our most successful year ever! We are growing significantly – which is why we need YOU!
Responsibilities of a 12d or Unit 2 Traffic Management Operative:
The 12d or Unit 2 Traffic Management Operative sits at the heart of everything we do.
You will be responsible for:
What Good Looks Like for a 12d or Unit 2 Traffic Management Operative:
So, if you want to join a winning team and be part of an innovative organisation which is focussed on company growth and employee progression, click on the apply button today.
*Traffic Management Training is subject to signing a training agreement
*Welcome bonus and Maternity & Paternity payments subject to terms and conditions
Chevron TM believe the skills, capabilities and talents of our people are the key to our success. We benefit enormously from the diversity and variety of our workforce and are fully committed to maintaining and encouraging this diversity.
The richer the mix of people, skills and cultures; the greater the range of inputs, viewpoints and experiences. Because of this, Chevron TM is fully committed to being an equal opportunities employer, defined by its diversity and opposition to all forms of unlawful and unfair discrimination.
Chevron TM who are one of thousands of companies who have committed to real and measurable carbon reduction through http://sciencebasedtargets.org/


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Flashback: Bush at Yankee Stadium after 9/11
On October 30, 2001, the Yankees played the Diamondbacks in Game 3 of the World Series. The Boston Herald recaps how, as President George W. Bush threw out the first pitch, everyone was considered a potential terrorist – even George Steinbrenner and Joe Torre.
Bronx has 4 of NYC's most 'dangerous' schools
The New York State Education Department posted a list "persistently dangerous" schools on its website last week. The New York Post reports that of the nine New York City schools on the list for 2011-12, four are in the Bronx – Aspire, Soundview Academy for Culture and Scholarship, PS 11 Highbridge, and IS 190. The Post says that Aspire Prep's 554 students tallied 88 "violent and disruptive" incidents in 2009-10. These included sex crimes, robbery and assaults.
Bronxites help farm devastated by Irene
Two busloads of Bronx families traveled to Schoharie in upstate New York on Saturday with emergency supplies for a farm devastated by the remnants of Hurricane Irene, says an Associated Press report in the Wall Street Journal. These families from the South Bronx were just a few among the 1,000 and more that Richard Ball's farm has been feeding since 2009.


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Dr. Clark wrote in her book "The Cure for all Cancers"
This book is intended as a gift to humanity. I make a plea to the public and private sector of the medical community not to suppress this information but to disperse it regardless of embarrassment or liability from the simplicity and newness of the cure, provided only that it meets your standard of truth.
All Copyrights are by Hulda Regehr Clark, Ph.D., N.D.
All rights reserved.
Permission is hereby granted to make copies of any part of this document for non-commercial purposes provided the original copyright notice with the author's name is included.
Published in the United States by:
New Century Press
1055 Bay Blvd, Ste. C
Chula Vista, CA 91911
"The Cure for All Cancers": ISBN 1-890035-00-9 (Previously 0-9636328-2-5); Copyright 1993
"Heilverfahren aller Krebsarten": ISBN 0-9740287-6-2 (German)
"Il Cancro - Prevenzione e Cura", ISBN 88-86051-71-9 (Italian)
"La Cure de tous les Cancers", ISBN 0-9841129-3-6 (French)
"The Cure for All Cancers": Japanese Translation (no ISBN number)
In this first book about cancer "The Cure for All Cancers", Dr. Hulda Clark examined the EXACT CAUSES of malignancy, i.e. cancer. In an update 1998 she added the make-up of a tumor, which comes before a malignant tumor mass.
If you have a beginning cancer, with just a small tumor, less than the size of a marble, you may be able to clear it up with the simple program given in this first book.. Many patients reported that they did. But in this program only the malignancy part of the tumor is stopped. Then a major clean up program for your lifestyle: teeth, diet, home and body products are thoroughly cleared from those things that burden your immune system. After this your own immune power returns to remove the tumor without clinical help. You are advised to stay on a Maintenance Program of killing parasites regularly and keeping a clean environment.
Nevertheless, you should remember that you WERE TARGETED. You were targeted by a specific parasite, specific bacteria and a specific virus. Your immune system rescued you even while you neglected many important things, That is the magic (not yet understood) power of the immune system. But once targeted, you can never be "untargeted". Therefore, if you choose the beginners' program from the Cure for all Cancers, be sure to add the prevention program described in: The Prevention of all Cancers book. Never before has there been a way to prevent cancer with certainty.
"The Cure for All Diseases": ISBN 1-890035-01-7; Copyright 1995
"Heilung ist möglich": ISBN 0-9740287-5-4 (German)
"La Cura di Tutte le Malattie", ISBN 88-7507-193-4 (Italian)
"La Cura para todas las Enfermedades", ISBN 0-9841129-2-8 (Spanish)
"La Cure de toutes les Maladies", ISBN 0-9841129-0-1 (French)
"Hoito Kaikkiin Sairauksiin (The Cure for All Diseases) Finnish Translation (no ISBN number)
"The Cure for all Diseases" by Dr. Clark is used by people all over the world as a manual to recognize their disorders and diseases. Which parasite, bacteria, virus, solvent or metal is found in which disease? All this is discussed in this book including treatments with the zapper, cleanses and clean-ups.
"The Cure for All Advanced Cancers": ISBN 1-890035-16-5; Copyright 1999
"La Cura di tutti i Cancri Avanzati", ISBN 88-7507-325-2 (Italian)
"Heilung aller fortgeschrittenen Krebsarten", ISBN 0-9740287-7-0 (German)
In her second cancer book, "The Cure for All Advanced Cancers", Dr. Clark mapped out the many steps from a healthy individual to a person with cancer. It includes more information about tumors, low immunity and how to shrink tumors. The "21 Day Program" is laid out in this book.
If you have a cancer recurrence, or a tumor has started in a second organ, you should consider yourself advanced You have no time to lose. You are entered in a race, not of your choosing. The race is between your cancer and your immune system.
"The Cure for HIV/AIDS": ISBN 1-890035-02-5; Copyright 1993 - Revised version 2003
Dr. Clark discusses the parasite and the solvent involved in HIV and other contributing factors.The electrical treatment together with the cleanses and clean-ups and a HIV protocol are described in detail.
"Syncrometer Science Laboratory Manual": ISBN 1-890035-17-3; Copyright 2000
Her third book about cancer is called the "Syncrometer Science Laboratory Manual". In this book she explains how to make a Syncrometer and use it. It contains 161 experiments. It contains the procedures for shrinking tumors in the "Mostly Zapping Program".
"The Prevention of all Cancers"; ISBN 1-890035-34-3; Copyright 2004
"La Prevenzione di tutti i Cancri",ISBN 88-7507-749-5 Italian
Her fourth book about cancer and prevention is entitled: "The Prevention of all Cancers". To stamp out an advanced cancer completely, you need to add either the 21-Day
Program from The Cure For All Advanced Cancers or choose the 3-Week Program from The Prevention of all Cancers. The difference between these two is that the earlier 21-Day Program uses mainly supplements plus regular zapping, while the 3-week program reduces supplements to a minimum. They are replaced with "plate-zapping" and "drop-taking" (called homeography). If you are very hardy and determined, you can do both programs together!
Speed is important. You can jump into action but you must do each program completely. If parts of any program are left out you are taking the risk of failing!
(From: "The Prevention of all Cancers"; Copyright notice)
"The Cure and Prevention of all Cancers", ISBN 978-1-890035-58-7; Copyright 2007
"La Cura y Prevenciòn de todos los Cànceres", ISBN 0-9740287-8-9, Impreso en 2008 (español)
"Heilung und Prävention aller Krebsarten", ISBN 0-9740287-9-7 (German)
Dr. Clark continued her research in the field of cancer. Her great desire to help mankind conquer this debilitating disease compelled her to write another book on cancer. It is an update of "The Prevention of all Cancers" book and contains all her latest research on cancer. In this new book, she reveals that cancer is not a one-cause disease, but rather is formed by a "cancer complex" that includes various partners that act together. Find out about this and more in her newest book entitled "The Cure and Prevention of all Cancers, Copyright notice)
Dr. Clark found cancer is -- not surprisingly -- a complex mechanism, involving factors from environmental toxins to toxins produced in the human body by certain pathogens to parasites, fungi and bacteria. But unlike other research she does not enumerate dozens of "possible contributors", but names the exact factors that can be found in EVERY case of cancer, in EVERY tumor.
"Syncrometer Science Laboratory Manual 2": ISBN 978-1-890035-77-8; Copyright 2010
This contains Dr. Clark's last piece of work. It repeats some things that are found in the first Manual but the 61 experiments on radioactivity that led to the statements made in her latest book: "The Cure and Prevention of all Cancers" are all new. Also the "Tester's flow Sheet" has been expanded.


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3. Figure out what size you are and make the appropriate pattern pieces. I took my measurements & determined that I didn't fit into one size column. This is typical & luckily the Staple Dress is easy to adjust. My measurements were S Bust - M Waist - M Hip. I started by cutting the pattern to a Medium and then gradually cutting towards the Small line between the waist and bust area.
4. Read the pattern thoroughly. April does a great job at showing step by step photos & giving you options with your dress. I've made a variety & will show you them below.
The main choices you have to make...
Fabric selection
Straight hem vs. Drop hem
Pockets vs. No pockets
5. I used Wonder Clips vs. pins whenever I could.
6. This pattern is pretty simple & straight forward. The most "difficult" part is probably sewing with elastic thread, deciding where to add the shirring, and how many lines to add. Sewing with elastic thread isn't hard, it just is very different from sewing with regular thread. I added 3 lines of shirring to most of my dresses.
My Dresses
The Staple Dress can be worn with or without a belt, but I liked having a reason to get some awesome new belts from Anthropologie.
Straight hem, no elastic shirring, no pockets. Note: Without the shirring this dress can only be worn with a belt.
Fabric = Laguna Cotton Jersey by Robert Kaufman
Straight hem, pockets
Fabric = Indigo Chambray 4.5 by Robert Kaufman
Straight hem, no pockets
Drop hem, no pockets
Fabric = Laguna Jersey Heather by Robert Kaufman
The Rules
4. Simple as that!!
© Blog post written by Julie Herman
For more information visit http://www.jaybirdquilts.com/


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Steen Tinning, professional golfer, Denmark. Picture taken during practice for the Smurfit European Golf Champsionship at the K Club, Co Kildare, Rep of Ireland. Ref: 2001062469.
Copyright Image from Victor Patterson, Belfast, UK
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IQS School of Management - Ramon Llull University
Master in Marketing & Sales Management / International marketing in a Digital Environment
IQS School of Management - Ramon Llull University
Master in Marketing & Sales Management / International marketing in a Digital Environment
Program Director : |
Dr. Ramon PALAU I SAUMELL Dr. Carlos MOSLARES |
Website : |
08017 Barcelona, Spain
Choose a Master, an MS or an MBA in E-Business and Digital Marketing
The Sector of E-Learning
The e-business consists of introducing communication technologies to carry out the activities of a business. It is a change in the traditional concept of making business based on the access to internet to markets and resources in a world interconnected and globalized. This new approach covers the whole range of economic activities accomplished on the Internet, whether for the sale of products or the provision of services. The only universal requirement for e-business is a computer and an Internet connection.
Follow a Masters/MS/MBA in E-Business
The Master's Degree in E-Business is aimed at digital enthusiasts who want to expand their skills and become high-level executives in management, marketing, communication and evolve in a highly technological environment. The prospective students should have an entrepreneurship spirit who wish to optimize the processes involved in demand, the design, configuration and integration of the set of elements of a virtual business project, both in the managerial and management areas and in the field of business administration and technological design. The objectives of the program are three: to acquire managerial skills in the digital sector, to know how to use all digital levers to generate economic activity in digital and to be propel to high-level positions in digital sector.
To Work in E-Business
According to Forbes, since 2007 and only in the USA, the E-Business sector, including fulfillment centers, has created 355,000 new jobs. That growth far exceeds the 51,000 jobs lost since 2007 in the "general retail" sector, which includes the brick and mortar retailers competing most directly with e-business: electronics stores; clothing, shoes and jewelry stores; sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument and book stores; and general merchandise stores, including department stores and super centers. Another data which proofs the importance of this sector is the growth of 11,9% in the first semester of 2024 in France. The specialization in this sector can lead to the following jobs: social media manager, digital entrepreneur, traffic analyst, E and M-Business project manager, product development manager E and M-commerce, SEO consultant, SMO consultant, director E-communication and online campaign manager
E-Business in 2024
In E-Business takes part in different aspects of the business world:
- Traffic acquisition, traffic management and space purchase.
- Big Data
- Community management
- Wed development, web design and video
- Strategies and system's development
- E-Business strategies
Key icons
Additional information / brochure
Video interview with the program director
Request info / Application
School / Program | Informations | |


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Copper Pearl
Copper Pearl Multi-Use Cover | Autumn
- Regular Price
- $26.99
- Sale Price
- $26.99
- Regular Price
- Unit Price
- per
Multi-use 5-in-1 Design
Stretchy fabric fits most all car seats, shopping carts, high chairs and nursing mothers. It can also be a trendy infinity scarf! Our multi color floral fabric is trendy and perfect for baby girls
All Season Use
Covers are made for all season use and provide protection against the elements
High Quality and Modern Fabric
High quality, modern and trendy fabric is a rayon blend and folds very small for easy storage
Easy to Use, Great for Nursing
Easy to use, easy to put on and take off of your car seat, easy access to see your baby while nursing
Unique Gift for New Moms
Their car seat cover makes the best gift for new parents, baby showers, christmas present or for any excuse to make a statement with your baby
Web Orders
When you place an order with us, you will automatically receive and email notification verifying your purchase. If there is a problem with your order, we will contact you as soon as possible.
Shipping cost for furniture orders will be assessed based on # of pieces purchased and distance. We will do our best to get you the best rate possible and email it to you within 48 hours. Once you have paid your shipping if you choose to cancel your order there will be a 3% fee to cover the credit card charges both for the furniture order and the shipping cost.
For out of stock items, we will email you with the estimated ship date. From there you can decide if you would like to wait or cancel your order. If you choose to proceed with your order it will be deemed a special order and cannot be canceled after we have secured the goods for you.
Pre-Orders and Speical Orders will be fufilled in the order they are recieved. Items that are held to ship all at once cannot be cancled. These are a final sale. Once a pre-ordered item has been invoiced to us it can no longer be canceled it will be shipped as soon as it arrives
Please contact us if you experience any shipping delay or if you do not receive your order confirmation or tracking information promptly.
Phone Orders
If you do not wish to send your credit card information via our secure server, we would be happy to process your order over the phone. Just call us at 940-766-1234.
Method of Payment
Currently we accept Visa, MasterCard, Discover and American Express using our secure server to ensure your privacy and security.
Sales Tax
If your order is shipped to an address in California, Texas or Oklahoma applicable sales taxes will be added to your order.
You have 10 days from the date of invoice to return your purchase. The returned item(s) must be unused and in original condition, with the original package. All documentation, parts and accessories must be included to ensure full credit. NO full refunds, store credit or exchange only.
No refunds will be issued on items that are refused or returned to sender. If your item requires signature most freight carriers will make 3 attempts. It is your responsibility to connect with them to receive your product. If it is not signed for and retuned to us you will be responsible for the additional costs and a store credit is pending an investigation.
We can not accept returns on items that appear to have been used, are soiled or appear to have been washed, or that have been damaged due to misuse or mishandling. Personalized items and personal care items such as breast pumps, breastfeeding accessories and undergarments are a final sale and can not be returned.
Please send returns via UPS or insured Parcel Post to:
3004 Kemp Blvd
Wichta Falls, TX 76308
Please include the original packing slip, a copy of the sales receipt and return authorization form.
Return shipping charges are the responsibility of the customer.
In store credit and gift cards redeemed in store only.
Defective Items
Please contact us within 10 days of the date of invoice if your purchase is defective. All products are covered under the manufacturer's warranty.
Damaged Items
If your order arrives at your door damaged, broken or defective, we will either replace the broken parts if possible or ship out a new one at our discretion and at our expense. Please be sure to inspect your item(s) carefully for any concealed damage.
Contact StorkLand within 7 business days of the delivery date to report the damage. Please email pictures showing issues to firstname.lastname@example.com. Please be sure to have information such as model number, serial number, date of manufacture and any part numbers available. We will not be able to replace damaged merchandise if we are not notified within 7 business days of the delivery date. This applies to canceling and returning a damaged item as well.
Requests for replacement parts will be processed as quickly as possible. Please note that we are not able to express ship replacement pieces.
Order Cancellations
If you wish to cancel your order, please call us as soon as possible. All order cancellations are subject to a 3% credit card fee recovery. If your order is a "special Order" or and Order that we did not have instock but we have aquired for you...this order cannot be canceled once we (StorkLand) has been invoiced. If your order has already shipped, our normal return policy will apply.


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