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$289.00 $229.00
An avant-garde pant that's all about style, the elegant shape of this piece can bridge the gap between daytime and evening. Movement, volume and asymmetry are created by the undulating seams and hemline, while comfort and practicality are assured by the elastic waistband and side pockets. Accessories not included.
Fabric: Papyrus (Lightweight Linen Blend)
Colour: Black
1. Determine which size below corresponds best to your relevant body measurements.
2. Each item has a lettered size (e.g. LL) with a numbered size range (e.g. LL -- fits sizes 18 - 22) -- choose the lettered size that your numbered size falls into (e.g. if you correspond to a size 20, in this case, you will be a size LL).
3. Size ranges differ to accomodate the item's particular fit -- an M/L in one item can range from sizes 10 - 16, but another item might have an M/L that fits sizes 8 - 14. Take care to always check for proper fit!
*measurements are given in inches
**models are 5'4"-5'6" in height, size 6
Please note that we have a FINAL SALE policy of No Refunds and No Exchanges on all our items. If you have any questions or concerns about style or fit, please contact us before placing an order and we will be happy to help you.
In the unlikely event that you receive an item with a manufacturing defect, please do not hesitate to contact us and we will gladly work to resolve this issue.
Please refer to the Terms and Conditions of Online Sale for more information.


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I have a problem here - I wish to keep track of all transaction executed on the SQL Server but was wondering how should I proceed.
If I were to use the SQL Server Profiler and configure it to store all the transaction history into a file and perform a roll-over if a specified size is hit, then I will need to make sure that the SQL Server Profiler is always open and running. Also from my understanding, it will decrease the server performance.
If I were to use the Jobs function under the SQL Server Agent in SSMS, then it become a schedule task that only run when it is being called.
So, how do I go about to keep track of all SQL transaction make to the SQL Server and record it 24/7 or until I manual stop it (and also would not slow down the performance of the server)?

subset: commoncrawl


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There has been news of the move of the Benedictines of Ramsgate to the Chilworth for ages, whilst negotiations were going on but here is the news in black and white. The move takes place in the spring.
Pray it goes smoothly.
I am so pleased they are coming to our diocese.
After 10 months of careful deliberation, the Benedictine monks of St Augustine's Abbey in Ramsgate, have voted to purchase the Franciscan Friary at Chilworth, Surrey, as their new home.
On 15 October last year, the Community of eleven monks announced their decision to vacate the monastery on the Kent coast which has been their home for 149 years, and to relocate to smaller premises. Only four months after taking that decision, their brief initial search for a new property came to an end when the Order of Friars Minor made public their own similar decision to leave their Victorian Friary on the outskirts of Guildford, and suggested that the building might be suitable for the Benedictines of Ramsgate.
For almost 120 years Chilworth Friary, a Grade 2 listed building designed by Frederick Walters and constructed in 1892, has served as the Franciscans' Novitiate house, a place of studies for the training of new entrants to the Order. As a purpose-built religious dwelling with its own church and cloister, it seems an ideal location for a monastic Community.
Fr Michael Copps OFM, Minister Provincial of the Friars Minor, commented: "One of the most difficult things I have had to do as Provincial was to come to the decision that we could no longer sustain our house at Chilworth. Most of the Friars in the Province started their religious life there, and have fond memories of a monastic building that managed to be homely, with a beautiful church set in woods on the top of a hill. I had been thinking with horror that it might become a hotel or health spa, until I was shown the information on the Internet that the Ramsgate Benedictines had decided that they had to leave Ramsgate and look for a smaller monastery.
Reading their 'wish list' for the place they were looking for, I saw that Chilworth ticked nearly all the boxes. We see it as providential that it is going to continue as a building housing men dedicated to seeking God's will in living the monastic life. St Francis found shelter in a Benedictine Monastery at the beginning of his calling. Though the Friars are sad, it is good to be helping the Ramsgate Benedictines continue their life in a new home."
Dom Paulinus Greenwood OSB, Abbot of Ramsgate, concurred saying: "We have been extremely fortunate in finding a suitable new home within such a relatively short period of time, and will always be grateful to the Franciscans for alerting us to the availability of their Friary. Since making the difficult decision to move from Ramsgate just over a year ago, we have been encouraged and supported by the goodwill, prayers and benefactions of many people, and we do not forget them. We feel that this is God's will for our Community at this time, and hope to forge ahead in the coming months to re-establish our monastic life and witness in this beautiful, tranquil setting."


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'Spotlight,' DiCaprio win at Critics' Choice Awards
LOS ANGELES—The investigative journalism dramaSpotlight won the top prize at the Critics' Choice Awards on Sunday, while awards favorites Brie Larson and Leonardo DiCaprio won the top acting prizes forRoom and The Revenant.
Both actors won Golden Globe Awards and are considered front-runners for the Academy Awards, too.
Mad Max: Fury Road was the most nominated film of the evening with 13 nominations from the Broadcast Film Critics' Association. While it lost out for the top prize, it did win a number of awards, including Best Director for George Miller, best action movie, and best action movie actor and actress for Tom Hardy and Charlize Theron.
The financial crisis dramedy The Big Short, meanwhile, won for best comedy and best comedic actor for star Christian Bale, who kissed both his wife and director Adam McKay on his way up to the stage to accept his award.
Both were up for best picture Oscar heavyweights like Spotlight, The Revenant and The Martian, as well as Star Wars: The Force Awakens, which was added after initial nominees were announced and went home empty-handed on Sunday.
Star Wars director J.J. Abrams was in attendance to present the Genius Award to Industrial Light & Magic, which Chief Creative Officer John Knoll accepted.
But it was Spotlight's night in the end. The film also picked up Best Acting Ensemble, winning out over films like Straight Outta Compton and The Hateful Eight.
It was the only award that N.W.A biopic Straight Outta Compton was up for at the show, but the film was on everyone's minds on the blue carpet and in the early moments of the evening after it received only one Academy Award nomination for screenwriting just days earlier.
«They got snubbed, but there are lots of other great films that got snubbed as well,» said Neil Brown Jr. before the show began. Brown Jr. played DJ Yella in the film which has picked up its share Guild nominations this season.
«Just everybody talking about it is enough of an Oscar for us,» he added.
Lack of diversity
The lack of diversity this awards season came into focus on Thursday when there were once again no actors of color among the Academy Awards nominees. On Saturday, Jada Pinkett Smith even posited on Twitter that perhaps people of color should refrain from participating in the Oscars altogether.
«We are rarely recognized for our artistic accomplishments,» Smith wrote.
Black-ish star Anthony Anderson joked early on about the lack of diversity at the Oscars.
«A lot of actors who win the Critics' Choice go on to win the Academy Award,» said Anderson when presenting an early award with co-star Tracee Ellis Ross. «For you, Tracy, that means only half of you gets to go to the awards.»
While Anderson was joking about Ross's mixed race background, the Critics' Choice Awards winners do often reflect who will go on to win the Oscar, making the ceremony an interesting barometer for the season as everyone gears up for the Guild Awards and, eventually, the Oscars on Feb. 28.
Sylvester Stallone followed his Golden Globes coup by winning best supporting actor for his reprising his role as Rocky Balboa in Creed.
«Before I get into any more trouble I want to say thank you to my director Ryan Coogler. He is a genius. He really made it all happen,» Stallone said. He also called co-star Michael B. Jordan a «great talent.»
Thanked co-star
At the Golden Globe Awards, Stallone forgot to thank his co-star and director during the televised portion of the evening and was harshly criticized for the oversight. He has since apologized for the mistake.
Alicia Vikander won best supporting actress for The Danish Girl and also accepted the best sci-fi film award for Ex Machina.
The Critics' Choice Awards do get stars to turn out in droves, like Matt Damon, who did not end up winning anything. This year some of the big winners of the evening failed to come out, though, like Brie Larson, who is shooting Kong: Skull Island in Hawaii, and Leonardo DiCaprio, who is promoting The Revenant in Europe.
DiCaprio accepted his award via a pre-taped speech.
This is the first year the Critics' Choice Awards has combined movies and television nominees into one ceremony, similar to the Golden Globes.
Big television winners in the acting categories include Jeffrey Tambor forTransparent, Idris Elba for Luther, and Rachel Bloom for Crazy Ex-Girlfriend.
Fargo won for best limited series and earned Kirsten Dunst a best actress in a limited series award, too.
Best comedy series
Aziz Ansari's Master of None won for best comedy series, while Mr. Robotpicked up the best dramatic series award, as well as best actor for Rami Malek and best supporting actor for Christian Slater.
Host T.J. Miller, who stars on the HBO show Silicon Valley hosted the show, which straddles a delicate line of irreverence and sincerity. It's not quite the Golden Globes, but it's not of the Academy's caliber just yet.
«Celebrities, don't worry. I'm not going to Ricky Gervais this thing,» Miller said at the beginning of the show.
Trainwreck director Judd Apatow wasn't afraid to let his true feelings shine through, though. When presenting the previously announced MVP award toTrainwreck star and writer Amy Schumer, he joked that the only way to get her there was to make up an award just for her.
«Somebody already told us we lost best comedy to Carol,» Apatow laughed.
Trainwreck did lose best comedy in the end — not to Carol, but to The Big Short.
Schumer, however, did win for best actress in a comedy


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PSU students with disabilities are provided with reasonable accommodations that give them the opportunity for equal access to educational programs, activities, and university life. Prospective students are provided with reasonable accommodations to assist them in the application process.
The Disability Resource Center (DRC) works to ensure equal access to University courses, programs, facilities, services, and activities by providing students with documented disabilities reasonable accommodations, academic adjustments, auxilliary aids and services, training, consultation, and technical assistance.
All PSU employees, including student employees, must complete the training module "Creating a Culture of Respect: Preventing Prohibited Discrimination andUnlawful Harassment." PSU strives to maintain a climate that values diversity and exemplifies mutual respect. To that end, you are required to complete this module in the first two weeks of employment. Please follow these instructions for completing the diversity training. Your supervisor can assist you with any questions.
This training offers strategies for preventing unlawful discrimination, harassment, and retaliation within the University. It teaches our community how to respond appropriately when they become aware of potential discrimination or harassment, educates us about the risk of liability to Portland State University, its managers, and individual employees, and, in keeping with PSU's core values; promotes a climate of mutual respect.
Safe Campus Module www.pdx.edu/sexual-assault
Portland State University desires to create a safe campus for our students. As part of that mission, PSU requires all students to take the learning module entitled Creating a Safe Campus: Preventing Gender Discrimination, Sexual Harassment, Sexual Misconduct and Sexual Assault.
Find the module in D2L. The module and accompanying exam will take approximately 30 minutes to complete. At the conclusion of the module, students should be aware of internal and external resources, reporting options, and PSU's policies and codes regarding gender discrimination, sexual harassment, sexual misconduct, sexual assault, dating violence and domestic violence.
All students taking five or more non-self-support credit hours(1 credit hour for International Students) are required to have major medical health insurance and are assessed a quarterly health insurance fee that enrolls them in the PSU Student Health Insurance Plan. A student may waive out of the PSU-sponsoredhealth insurance if they maintain other health insurance coverage that meets certain requirements. More information about the PSU health insurance waiver process, waiver deadlines, or all services and programs offered through the Center for Student Health & Counseling (SHAC), including printable insurance claim forms and the Measles Vaccine Requirement form, is available at www.pdx.edu/shac.
The Student Conduct and Community Standards Program promotes a culture of integrity and respect though the administration of policies such as the Student Code of Conduct, which articulates standards of appropriate behavior of students. This program administers policies and regulations that help the University to operate in a climate of free inquiry and expression, and assists it in protecting its academic environment and educational purpose. Students would seek assistance from the Conduct and Community Standards Program when they are seeking policy information, charged with a violation, or are report various concerns about potential student misconduct.
The policy governing academic integrity is part of the Code of Student Conduct and Responsibility. Academic integrity is a cornerstone of any meaningful education and a reflection of each student's maturity and integrity. The Code of Student Conduct and Responsibility, which applies to all students, prohibits all forms of academic misconduct, fraud, and dishonesty. These acts include, but are not limited to: plagiarism, buying and selling of course assignments and research papers, performing academic assignments (including tests and examinations) for other persons, unauthorized collaboration, disclosure and receipt of academic information, and other practices commonly understood to be academic misconduct.


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Donna Dwyre and her sister Lori Apgar along with their brother Tommie Freda are co-owners of Cove Carpet One Floor & Home inSummit,NJ. Their family is no stranger to the world of breast cancer.
In 1993 Donna was diagnosed and treated for breast cancer. Then, in 2005, Lori was also diagnosed. While seeking treatment, Lori's doctor recommended that Donna take a new test that was available and caught a re-occurrence of breast cancer in Donna that would have otherwise gone undetected.
In addition to fighting their own battles against breast cancer, Donna and Lori have actively helped other women through sharing their own stories and advice. They are also active with the North Jersey Susan G. Komen for the Cure® organization and Cove Carpet One shows their support with a special pink ribbon carpet for the Race for the Cure and their own team.
For their dedication to the cause and their bravery in fighting the disease, Donna and Lori have been awarded the 2012 Susan G. Komen North Jersey Journeys of Courage Award.
For more information, please visit www.komennorthjersey.org.
Thank you for contacting Carpet One Floor & Home. Your local flooring expert will reach out to you regarding your inquiry.


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At Sunday's Oscars, on a night when almost everything went as planned and as usual, the one true surprise came in the biggest moment of all.
For the first time ever, a film in a foreign language won best picture when Bong Joon-ho's Parasite, a comedy-drama-thriller about class and secrets, took the big prize. Bong also won the awards for best director and best original screenplay. He delivered three warm and generous speeches, including one when he won for his directing and thanked fellow nominees Martin Scorsese and Quentin Tarantino for inspiring him and boosting his career, respectively. (He acknowledged Sam Mendes and Todd Phillips, too.)
And, while he gave most of his speeches in Korean with interpreter Sharon Choi, when he won the first one, he stopped and noted in English: "This is very first Oscar to South Korea." The affection in the room for the film was evident every time it was mentioned, as well as in its strong haul of awards (though it absurdly landed not a single nomination for its uniformly excellent cast).
The evening began three and a half hours earlier with a combination of the old and the new: the kind of themed singing-dancing number that used to be the typical Oscars opening, but in the absence of a traditional host, it was performed by the thoroughly modern Janelle Monáe. A version of her own song "Come Alive" was accompanied by dancers dressed in costumes saluting not just nominated films like Joker, but also conspicuously snubbed ones — several of them, but not all, from black filmmakers — including Us, Queen and Slim, Dolemite Is My Name and Midsommar. The monologue that followed, however, was much more creaky and awkward, despite the best efforts of Chris Rock and Steve Martin (the latter of whom regrettably blew the name of best actress nominee Cynthia Erivo).
The awards in general, and the ones this season in general, have been heavily criticized for how white the nominees are, the failure to nominate any women directors in a year when several made highly regarded films, and plenty of other shortfalls in inclusivity. The Academy's discomfort with that criticism seemed evident: There may not have been a lot of performers of color among the nominees, but there were a lot among the presenters and speakers and performers. Several presenters — as well as Monáe in her opening number — made mention of the limitations at issue, which is the kind of thing that happens when people are placed in a situation they don't want to ignore but also aren't there to challenge too much.
One new inclusion was a land acknowledgment — a custom that's commonly observed in other places, including Canada, at cultural events (I've personally seen them at the Toronto International Film Festival). In this case, it was writer-director Taika Waititi, nominated forJojo Rabbit, who read an acknowledgment of the indigenous people who have lived on the land where the event — in this case, the Academy Awards — takes place. Whether this gesture will be followed up by any action as to the broadening of the Academy's taste remains, of course, to be seen.
Parasite's win for best picture stood out particularly because almost all of the other awards that had seemed likely to go a particular way did: Legendary cinematographer Roger Deakins won for his work on 1917, the WWI film engineered to look like a continuous shot.Film editing is often a precursor to other big awards, and this year the winners were the editors of racing drama Ford v. Ferrari. Parasite had been expected to win (or at least to contend strongly) in the categories of best international feature film and for Bong Joon-ho's original screenplay. Waititi was a favorite for best adapted screenplay, which he won.
The acting awards this year had heavy favorites going into the ceremony: Joaquin Phoenix as best actor in Joker,Renée Zellweger as best actress in Judy, Brad Pitt as best supporting actor in Once Upon a Time in Hollywoodand Laura Dern as best supporting actress in Marriage Story. They all won. Most of them said about what you might expect (although Phoenix surprised many of us by adding to his speech about fighting injustice a mention of the cruelty of artificially inseminating cows and then stealing their offspring, while Zellweger listed many of her heroes in a speech that matched his, meander for meander).
The lower-profile (but critical) behind-the-scenes awards were spread across a bunch of films. Best production design went to Quentin Tarantino's Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, which re-created the late-'60s L.A. landscape and aesthetic with a lot of loving attention. Little Women won its only award of the night for Jacqueline Durran's costume design, full of beautiful dresses both fancy and not. The transformation of actors into familiar faces from the news won an award for the hair and makeup team from Bombshell. The sound editing award went to Ford v. Ferrari and both sound mixing and visual effects went to 1917.
The non-surprises kept coming: Toy Story 4 won best animated feature. Best documentary feature was awarded to American Factory, which boasts Barack and Michelle Obama as producers and which comes from Netflix. Hair Love, a lovely film about a father learning to do his daughter's hair for the first time, written and directed by Matthew A. Cherry, won best animated short, and Cherry dedicated the award to Kobe Bryant: "May we all have a second act as great as his was." Best live action short film went to The Neighbor's Window, and best documentary short subject went to Learning to Skateboard in a Warzone (If You're a Girl).
The nominated best original songs were performed on stage as usual. Introducer Josh Gad had some fun pointing out that Idina Menzel's name is "pronounced exactly as it's spelled" (take that, John Travolta) before she performed "Into the Unknown" fromFrozen 2. Menzel was joined by some of the singers who have performed the song in other languages in one of the evening's better innovations. Chrissy Metz performed "I'm Standing With You" from Breakthrough, accompanied by the choir that's nearly obligatory. Randy Newman performed "I Can't Let You Throw Yourself Away" from Toy Story 4, and Cynthia Erivo (also nominated for best actress) performed the song "Stand Up (From Harriet)," which, as its title suggests, is from Harriet. Elton John performed "(I'm Gonna) Love Me Again" fromRocketman, seemingly hamstrung by a bad sound mix.
When they'd all been heard, "I'm Gonna Love Me Again" was victorious. Hildur Guðnadóttir won best original score for her work on Joker.
The musical moment you probably would not have expected — because, really, who could? — was that actor Anthony Ramos introduced Lin-Manuel Miranda; Lin-Manuel Miranda introduced a montage saluting the music used in movies over many decades; and that montage led to Eminem performing the Oscar-winning "Lose Yourself" from 8 Mile, to which the audience responded rapturously. It wasn't an obvious move to throw in that performance, given that it's not celebrating any kind of round-numbered anniversary; it won at the 2003 ceremony, though Eminem didn't perform it then. But it made people happy and got the crowd going like nothing else did all evening except Parasite winning awards, and there's something to be said for that. Not long after, there was a recap rap from Utkarsh Ambudkar, an actor who appeared this year in Brittany Runs a Marathon, reminding everyone what had happened so far. That's a lot of rap for an Oscars ceremony.
Last year's ceremony also went without a host, and it wound up being dominated by the actual wins and losses. That made big nights for Green Bookand Bohemian Rhapsody,neither of which seemed to excite the crowd, very disappointing. But this year, the fact that there's good feeling around so many different films — and enormous respect and love for both Parasite and Bong Joon-ho — means that this ceremony fared much better.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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The hunt for a real-life Christmas Grinch is on in Westland, Michigan. A family who decorates their home every year with shining bright lights and Christmas inflatables was vandalized overnight.
The McCarthy family says they put out the Christmas display every year. They love the holiday season, and now a Grinch is trying to take that spirit away.
"I was very angry at first and then I got very upset and cried," said Carol McCarthy.
It's not hard to miss the McCarthy home in Westland during the holiday season.
"People enjoy it," Carol said. "They come by, they like it. I get a lot of compliments on it and we do it because it just looks pretty."
A real life grinch trying to take the joy out of the holiday season. Destroying some Christmas inflatables and a 16ft Santa clause plus decorations at this home in Westland. Tonight the hunt for the person responsible and what the home owner is saying @wxyzdetroit pic.twitter.com/CS7CJVuC36
— ALAN CAMPBELL (@AlanCampbellTV) December 11, 2019
Every year they set up masterful decorations celebrating Christmas. But in the early hours of Tuesday morning, a Grinch vandalized the families hard work.
"You put a lot of time and effort into it and money and then for someone to just do that for no reason is just beyond why," Carol said.
The center piece of these decorations, which is a 16-foot Santa Claus inflatable, is now deflated after a hole was cut in it. Several candy canes were also smashed. The cost in damages is around $400.
"That's all I want really, is just to find out who did it and why and make them pay for it," Carol said.
The McCarthy's say it's a shame people would try to ruin Christmas for others, but say people have come forward to help out.
"A lot of my neighbors have reached out to me and stoppped and gave me a card and asked if there's anything they can do and how much they love it," she said.
If you have any information about who may have done this call Westland police.
This article was written by Alan Campbell for WXYZ.


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Parshat Emor
The kohanim are commanded to avoid contact with corpses in order to maintain a high standard of ritual purity. They may attend the funeral of only their seven closest relatives: father, mother, wife, son, daughter, brother, and unmarried sister. The kohen gadol (High Priest) may not attend the funeral of even his closest relatives. Certain marital restrictions are placed on the kohanim. The nation is required to honor the kohanim. The physical irregularities that invalidate a kohen from serving in the Temple are listed. Terumah, a produce tithe given to the kohanim, may be eaten only by kohanim and their household. An animal may be sacrificed in the Temple after it is eight days old and is free from any physical defects. The nation is commanded to sanctify the Name of G-d by insuring that their behavior is always exemplary, and by being prepared to surrender their lives rather than murder, engage in licentious relations or worship idols. The special characteristics of the holidays are described, and the nation is reminded not to do certain types of creative work during these holidays. New grain may not be eaten until the omer of barley is offered in the Temple. The Parsha explains the laws of preparing the oil for the menorah and baking the lechem hapanim in the Temple. A man blasphemes G-d and is executed as prescribed in the Torah.
The Thankers
"…you shall not gather the gleanings of your harvest; for the poor and the proselyte shall you leave them…" (23:22)
What a fascinating instrument is the telescope!
You can bring something far away and see it clearly, or by turning it round the wrong way, you can make what's close at hand seem remote.
It all depends on which way round you hold the telescope.
Seeing G-d in this material world is not something that just happens. It takes work. However, G-d has given us a spiritual telescope that lets us bring Him much closer.
It's easy to divide religion into two categories: our relationship with G-d and our relationship with one another. In fact, if you look at the Ten Commandments, you'll notice that the first tablet deals with our relationship with G-d: I am the L-rd, your G-d; Don't have any other gods before me; Don't take G-d's Name in vain, etc. while on the second tablet are mitzvot between us and our fellow: Don't kill; don't commit adultery; don't steal; don't give false testimony about others; don't covet, etc.
However, on another level, the two tablets are one unified statement. Rashi explains the verse just before the giving of the Ten Commandments, "And G-d said all these words, saying", to mean that G-d said all the Ten Commandments as one indivisible utterance before He enumerated each of them separately.
Our Sages teach that "someone who is ungrateful to his fellow will eventually be ungrateful to G-d." Being ungrateful to G-d means that I don't really believe that everything that I have is a gift from Him. If I don't see my life as a gift, then why should I relate to the Giver?
That's the beginning of atheism.
But what does our gratitude to our fellow have to do with belief in G-d?
Just as ingratitude to man leads to ingratitude to G-d, so too is the reverse. Being grateful to our fellow, recognizing the good that people do for us leads us to being grateful to G-d and therefore to recognizing Him in the world.
"…you shall not gather the gleanings of your harvest; for the poor and the proselyte shall you leave them…" (23:22)
In this week's parsha, the Torah lists the various festivals. Inserted within this list, however, are laws of harvesting apportioning various parts of the harvest to the poor.
What is the connection between the festivals and the laws of charity?
To teach us that someone who gives charity properly is considered to have built the Holy Temple and brought offerings there.
Ostensibly there is no connection between giving charity and bringing offerings. Charity is a mitzvah between ourselves and our fellow; offerings are between us and G-d.
The answer is the two are inseparable; giving charity brings the same closeness to G-d as an offering.
Our ego is like a darkened room. When we open up the window of that room to see the person who is standing outside our door, we will also see beyond to the sky, we will connect to the Heavens.
It all depends on which way we look through the telescope.
- Sources: Rashi, Rabbi Shlomo Wolbe


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Easy 30-day Returns
Ethically-made in Toronto, Canada
OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100 fabrics
Shipping & Returns
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Encircled ensures your orders reach you on time with various shipping options. We offer free shipping over $225 to Canada and the USA.
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Easy 30 day Returns
We understand that sometimes things don't quite work out. That's why we offer a full refund or exchange on new, unworn merchandise provided that we are notified within 30 days of receipt of the product except for final sale/markdown items which are non-returnable.
If within US/Canada, we offer flat rate pre-paid shipping labels that you can print and apply to your return packages.
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We prioritize people and the planet over profit. Being a Certified B Corporation, we are one of the few apparel brands to achieve this in Canada.
Woman-owned, Women-operated
Proudly a woman-owned and operated business, based in Toronto, Canada. Encircled was created by Kristi Soomer in 2012.
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We work with local production partners in Canada. Many of which are family owned for generations to create each Encircled garment.
Effortless style, quality, comfort, ethics and (genuine) sustainability — we compromise nothing, so you don't have to either. Proudly one of a handful of Women-owned certified B Corporations that's made in Canada.
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Message us at email@example.com and we will be happy to help you


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Wiley helps Huon Aquaculture stop swimming upstream
Client: | Huon Aquaculture Group |
Location: | Tasmania, Australia |
Scope overview: | Consolidate two separate fish processing facilities at Strahan and Port Huon into one wet processing operation at Parramatta Creek. |
Facility: | 2826m2 salmon and trout processing facility |
Project Description
Huon Aquaculture Group are Australia's premiere privately owned salmon aquaculture company.
The group consolidated two separate fish processing facilities at Strahan and Port Huon into one wet processing operation at Parramatta Creek.
Huon approached Wiley to design and construct the 2826m2 facility capable of processing up to 14,000 tonnes of wet salmon and trout per annum.
- The consolidation of the facilities was driven by a number of issues including:
- Lack of space for required upgrades.
- Lack of adequate waste treatment facilities.
- Restriction of the movement of fish between the growing regions because of biosecurity concerns.
- Facility designed and constructed in stages and allowance for future expansion.
- Innovative contracting using a partnership approach enabling flexibility and decisions to be made on the go.
- Concept design, environmental, planning and regulatory approvals.
- Conversion of the existing plant (previously Bellamy Organic Baby Food) to meet International Export Food Processing Standards.
- Design allowing for Stage 2 of the development which relocates the value adding facility to the site. The value adding operation includes smokehouses and the new site almost eliminates any environmental nuisance.
- Design incorporates opportunity for future expansion.
- Process engineering and interface with process equipment suppliers
- Sourcing local consultants
- Waste water treatment plant treating effluent allowing reuse of wastewater for irrigation as opposed to disposing of it.
- Wiley managed a challenging timeframe by fast-tracking design and construction of the building and services which including refurbishment of amenities.
- Sourced and coordinated local subcontractors.
The new facility overcame the constraints of space, waste and bio-security concerns, and provided further value by:
- Allowing fish from different growing regions to be processed at one facility.
- Treating and reusing all waste water previously disposed.
- Allowing for Stage 2 of the development.
- Opportunity to expand in the future without significant environmental impact.
The development is aligned with the company's strategic plan to incorporate the latest processing technology to provide flexibility and enhance product quality. It also allows Huon to ensure a sustainable development for future operations.
The result is a more efficient and sustainable facility allowing Huon a higher yield and potential for future.


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At the end of last week regional newspaper publisher Archant set live its new look Eastern Daily Press site – part of changes ahead of a larger redesign later this year.
Here's a snapshot of part of the home page, which now features a wider layout and simpler navigation. The design follows that already seen on the revamped East Anglian Daily Press and Evening Star titles, which will be rolled out group-wide.
"The EDP is Archant's most popular newspaper website (around 2.5m page views, and 280k monthly unique visitors), and is a regular award-winner. The changes made this week are to intended to give the site a more modern approach (…) and represent the first major redesign since the site was launched in 2001," James Goffin, Archant regional web producer, told Journalism.co.uk.
"We've also reviewed the content on the site to make sure it is fully in tune with what our readers are looking for.
"This first-stage of the relaunch will be followed up later this year with new features as part of our move to a new joint content management system for print and web."
Congratulations to Archant's Norfolk web team (Celia Sutton, Tracey Tutt and Vince Yallop) for the EDP overhaull – am sure they'd appreciate any thoughts?


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Reliable. Responsible. Revolutionary.
The Orochi Group and our subsidiaries are not only world leaders, we are led by the world.
Our promise to you is that our products and services will rise to the challenges of a changing landscape as we race into the future, together.
Corporate Vision
What is the ideal solution for sustaining the human race and the planet Earth?
This question informs everything we do, as we strive to learn from, and guide, the relationship between mankind and environment.
The Orochi Group and Orochi Corp. are committed to transparency and accountability over recent events at our Tokyo headquarters.
We continue to negotiate with the Japanese government and our partners over the release of further information.


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What could be better than the best Crossfire receiver and an improved Unify Pro32 video transmitter making sweet love? Exactly! Nothing, nothing at all.
Introducing the TBS Crossfire Sixty9, sporting a race-friendly, long-range capable video transmitter combined with the same on the TBS Crossfire side. Mounting holes are 20x20, but we do incldue adapters for your 30x30 stacks, and a plastic case for mounting the unit to your frame, without any stacking necessity.
Outputs 2x CRSF + 2x PWM (or 6x PWM) directly to your FC. The main JST-SH connector connects to your flight controller and video camera (or also FC for those that like the FC-OSD).
- Weight: 4.1g (board only)
- Antenna ports: 1x video transmitter, 1x R/C receiver
- Size: 24mm x 24mm
- Requires: Firmware V4.62 and above
- CRSF V3 ready
- 1x TBS Crossfire Sixty9
- 1x TBS Crossfire Immortal-T antenna
- 1x u.FL to SMA mount (for VTx)
- 1x 30x30 heatsink / case
- 1x 20x20 heatsink / case
- 1x optional tin-shield (for added low-noise tolerance)
- 1x JST-SH x 9 connector


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KUKA heavy-duty robot enables fully-automatic operation
The KUKA KR FORTEC F (Foundry) moves on a KUKA linear unit of type KL 1500-3 with a length of 18 meters to tend the four production systems installed adjacent to one another. The task of the robot is to load and unload the changeover stations at which the machine pallets with the corresponding workpieces and raw materials are supplied. Serving as the link between the machining centers, it performs the automatic transfer of machine pallets and raw material pallets between the changeover stations, storage areas and machine tools. This enables the four machining centers to work fully automatically around the clock. The automated system has also been integrated into the company's internal information flows. This ensures automatic provision of the NC and tool data for the machines – a key factor in avoiding unnecessary downtimes and achieving maximum productivity. The application at MERZ was implemented by KUKA system partner wbt automation and production control specialist SOFLEX.
Ideal combination: the KR FORTEC series and the KL 1500-3 linear unit
The KUKA KR 500 R2830 F from the KR FORTEC heavy-duty series covers an exceptionally large working envelope with very long reference load center distances. The compact design of the KR FORTEC series without disruptive contours, together with their more streamlined appearance, makes the robots suitable for use in cramped cells as well as in completely new cell concepts. In the special Foundry variant, the robot is suitable for installations with a high degree of fouling and high temperatures. All robots of the KR FORTEC series are optimized for use on linear units. The KL 1500-3 linear unit has been specially designed by KUKA for high payloads. The combination of robot and linear unit ensured that all the pre-formulated objectives were achieved: shorter delivery times, improved deadline compliance, better machine utilization, increased quality and improved internal procedures.


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CULT OF LUNA - The Raging River LP Gtfold (Black) - Shop exclusive!
Shop exclusive edition!
'The Raging River' 2nd pressing edition
RC001LPND - Black
Gatefold LP w/ UV varnish
12 pages booklet
"The Raging river" feels more like a bridge. A midpoint that needs to be crossed so we can finish what we started with "A dawn to fear". It's a seamless continuation of the writing process and the creative mindset that has guided us for the last couple of years.
It's been an interesting as well as an introspective way of working, having our instinct leading the way and then having to figure out where it takes us. But not only has it been a linear journey, some aspects of it is clearly circular. We have been a fan of Mark Lanegan for many years. So in 2005 when we wrote the song "And with her came the birds" we had his voice in mind and the working title was "The Lanegan song". But we were not many years over 20 and our lack of self-confidence prevented us from even daring to ask. It took fifteen years for us to get the guts to ask him. Hearing his voice on "Inside of a dream" is nothing more than feeling that we're inside of a dream.
Johannes Persson
Tracklist :
Side A
Three Bridges (8'45)
What I Leave Behind (5'58)
Inside of A Dream (3'20) - featuring Mark Lanegan
Side B
I Remember (8'09)
Wave After Wave (12'22)


text:
We found shipping rate(s) for your address
Couldn't load pickup availability
Hydrating facial mist for dry and sensitive skin.
Every purchase made helps change the lives of disabled children. Find outmore about Newlife the Charity for Disabled Children here.
Ingredients on packaging.
Grade B - New without tags, elements of the labelling may have been removed, some branding has been removed via a sliver or black pen.
Be the first to know about new collections and exclusive offers.


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Producers of spirits have new bragging rights in the age-old whiskey vs. beer barroom debate.
New figures show that spirits surpassed beer for U.S. market-share supremacy, based on supplier revenues, a spirit industry group announced Thursday.
The rise to the top for spirit-makers was fueled in part by the resurgent cocktail culture — including the growing popularity of ready-to-drink concoctions — as well as strong growth in the tequila and American whiskey segments, the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States said.
In 2022, spirits gained market share for the 13th straight year in the fiercely competitive U.S. beverage alcohol market, as its supplier sales reached 42.1%, the council said.
After years of steady growth, it marked the first time that spirit supplier revenues have surpassed beer — but just barely, the spirit industry group said. Beer holds a 41.9% market share, it said.
"Despite the tough economy, consumers continued to enjoy premium spirits and fine cocktails in 2022," Distilled Spirits Council President and CEO Chris Swonger said.
Overall spirit supplier sales in the U.S. were up 5.1% in 2022 to a record $37.6 billion, the group said. Volumes rose 4.8% to 305 million 9-liter cases.
Seemingly unfazed, Brian Crawford, president and CEO of the Beer Institute, insisted that beer "remains America's number one choice in beverage alcohol."
"It's interesting to hear liquor companies boast about making money hand-over-fist while simultaneously going state-to-state hunting for more tax carveouts from state legislatures," Crawford said in a statement.
Benj Steinman, president of Beer Marketer's Insights, a leading beer industry trade publication, said the beer industry saw unprecedented growth in the 1970s, growing at a pace of 4% annually. As recently as 2000, beer's share in the alcohol market was 58%.
Over the past several decades, beer's growth has essentially been flat. Meanwhile, spirits have flourished, especially over the past two decades.
"I think there's just a long arc on these things," Steinman said.
Steinman and Bart Watson, chief economist at the Brewers Association, a craft beer industry trade group, agreed there are several reasons for the shift to spirits.
"Some of it's just the younger generation coming up, looking for a lot of variety," Steinman said. "They sometimes like spirits. Cocktail culture is another thing."
Watson cited data showing that liquor has become 20% cheaper relative to beer in recent decades.
"Price is a particularly large part of the story," he said.
Another factor is advertising and marketing. Watson pointed to the success of spirits in its outreach to women. Steinman said distilled spirits now advertise freely, something they didn't do generations ago.
"They've increased their availability. They've increased their ability to advertise. They've had a lot of legislative and policy wins that have enabled growth for distilled spirits," Steinman said.
For spirit producers, reaching the market share milestone was worth toasting.
At Baltimore Spirits Company in Maryland, the head distiller and the manager of its cocktail bar said they are pleased with the rise in the consumption of spirits.
Eli Breitburg-Smith, head distiller and cofounder, said the distillery founders saw a space in the market to make rye whiskey as consumer demand was growing.
"We did see that it was going to be on the rise," he said. "Now, I don't know that we thought it would be overtaking beer or anything like that, but we felt like there was a good space in the market for new whiskey, original whiskey, and people that … were making a unique product."
Gregory Mergner, the general manager of the distillery's cocktail gallery, said he didn't anticipate spirits rivaling or surpassing beer for market share.
"As ubiquitous as beer is. I don't think anybody could have foreseen whiskey overtaking it," he said.
The spirit sector's rise has coincided with a growing thirst for high-end, super-premium products.
That trend toward premiumization slowed overall in 2022. But it remained strong because of growth in the tequila/mezcal and American whiskey categories, the Distilled Spirits Council said.
More than 60% of the spirit sector's total U.S. revenue last year came from sales of high-end and super-premium spirits, mostly led by tequila and American whiskey, said Christine LoCascio, the group's chief of public policy and strategy. Those high-end products fetch the highest prices.
"While many consumers are feeling the pinch from inflation and reduced disposable income, they are still willing to purchase that special bottle of spirits choosing to sip a little luxury and drink better, not more," LoCascio said.
Within the spirit sector, vodka maintained its as status the top revenue producer at $7.2 billion, though sales were flat in 2022, the group said.
In the tequila/mezcal category, sales rose 17.2%, or $886 million, totaling $6 billion, it said.
Sales for American whiskey were up 10.5%, or $483 million, to reach $5.1 billion, it said. The American whiskey category includes bourbon, Tennessee whiskey and rye whiskey.
Brandy and cognac sales were down 12.3%, with revenues totaling $3.1 billion.
Premixed cocktails were the clear leader as the fastest-growing spirit category.
Sales for premixed cocktails, including ready-to-drink spirit products, surged by 35.8%, or $588 million, to reach $2.2 billion, the council said.
Meanwhile, spirit sales volumes in restaurants and bars — referred to as on-premise sales — continued to recover from pandemic-era shutdowns but they remained 5% lower than 2019 levels, the council said. Those sales represent about 20% of the U.S. market.
Off-premise sales volumes at liquor stores and other retail outlets remained steady in 2021 and 2022, after experiencing sharp gains during the pandemic restrictions in 2020, it said.
Meanwhile, there is a crossover strategy brewing in the alcohol market.
Steinman said that even the big players in the beer industry "are playing in all these different growth arenas, including spirits."
Molson Coors changed its name in 2019, going from Molson Coors Brewing Co. to Molson Coors Beverage Co. Watson noted that the No. 2 canned ready-to-drink liquor product, Cutwater, is made by Anheuser-Busch InBev.
For beer producers, the reversal in market-share rankings is no reason to cry in their suds.
Watson cautioned that the market share trend could flip, calling it "likely at some point we'll see beer grow again at the expense of other segments."
Salter reported from St. Louis. Associated Press photojournalist Julio Cortez in Baltimore contributed to this report.
By Bruce Schreiner And Jim Salter


text:
Credit Report
Order Your Credit Report
Dispute Credit Report Errors
Few people understand the impact a credit score can have in an individual's life. A high score can mean a lower rate for a bank loan while a low credit score can result in more expensive insurance premiums. Not only is it important to understand your credit score, but it is also important to understand how to improve your credit score and reap the advantages of good credit.
First, the basics. Creditors have been using credit scoring systems to determine if people are a good credit risk for some time. Today, many businesses, including insurance companies, phone companies and employers use a person's credit score to determine if a product, service or employment offer should be provided.
Credit scoring systems are complex and vary among creditors and businesses. Essentially, information collected from an individual's credit report is put through a statistical program that compares that specific information against consumers with similar profiles. The program identifies all characteristics that relate to risk and generates a number which represents a credit score.
The higher your credit score, the less of a risk you are considered to be. So, the higher the score, the better. The scores generally range from 300 to 850. A score of 620 or higher should mean that you are eligible for very good rates.
You can obtain your credit score from any one of the three national consumer reporting companies. They are allowed to charge a reasonable fee, typically around $8, for the score. Since your sore is comprised of information from your credit report, you need to ensure that your credit report is accurate.
If your credit score is low, or you just want to make sure it stays high, follow these steps to improve or maintain your score:
- Pay your bills on time.
- Do not max out your credit limits.
- Do not apply for too many new credit accounts in a short period of time.
- Do not have too many credit card accounts.
- Develop a credit history as early as possible to demonstrate a long record of responsibility.
If you find inaccuracies on your credit report you should:
- Dispute the inaccurate information directly with the consumer reporting agency and maybe even with the provider of the information.
- Tell them in writing what you believe is inaccurate and provide as much proof, including copies of documents, as you can to support your position.
The agency generally has 30 days to investigate your complaint. For more information about your credit score and credit report:


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Studies say that talking with your kids early on about the "birds and the bees" makes them less likely to be promiscuous. I had read this; but like most parents, I was dreading the "talk". I knew it was an important part of their early childhood education yet I probably would have put it off another few years… but my brainiacs kept asking questions like "What are those white pad things under the bathroom cabinet?" and "Why do you have to get a male kitten fixed at the vet if he can't have babies?" I am sure they could tell when my face flushed that something was up. I started getting 'the panic attacks' when we read books about animals and mating was mentioned. I either skipped over the content or read it like a commercial (where the announcer lists all the side-effects to taking a pill or the fine-print when you lease a car). Even the Bible provides much material for skipping over when you are nearing the age of inquisitiveness.
Recently, I resorted to renting the 1975 version of Animals are Beautiful People rather than show them another modern day National Geographic documentary (we found out the hard way that NG sometimes goes a little overboard in the mating arena)... I was just sure another 'Kangaroo incident' was going to come on the screen and start up another discussion I couldn't finish.
Somewhere in the past few months I had a brilliant idea: Get help! I started reading all I could on the subject of talking with my kids about sex. Somehow I sensed that it was going to happen soon – even if I had my feet stuffed in my mouth and a horrid case of the hives. I might as well be prepared. I discussed it with friends, also. A few of my friends have already let the "dirty little secret" out of the box with their own children. I wanted to know what to expect. It seemed as if things were moving into place without my help… as if God was guiding me to give this attention because He knew that I was going to chicken out unless I was pushed into talking.
This is the legacy we have been handed in Generation X: the mystifying and muddling of our sexuality. Because of the secrecy and the silence, a whole generation has grown up thinking of sex in a negative way - or just too much! Women are degraded on billboards, men are stopping off after work at the triple-x movie house down the street, and kids are having sex in the junior high lunch-rooms. Stringy clothing is less tacky than only the girls who are wearing it. Young kids are getting daily doses of sexuality and violence from prime-time television… while their parents are mute about values and the purpose of a WONDERFUL Christ-centered sexual relationship through marriage. We aren't telling kids the real reasons why God made us the way we are and giving GOD the credit for the wonderful thing that we call sex. I want my kids to have godly and fulfilling sex-lives one day when they are grown and married. I don't want them to be afraid to talk about it with their own kids. I knew that if I wanted to prevent the cycle of silence from setting them off track in their own lives, I was going to have to speak up and GET REAL.
Soon after the questions started, a discussion came up on one of the email lists I am part of and another mom was asking for book suggestions for talking with her own kids about the "birds and the bees". There were many great books suggested and much kind advice given by other moms. I began to think that my panic was really unnecessary. I decided to order a book that would relay the story to them better than I could; one that we could read together as a family. Many of the moms who had already been through this phase of child-rearing suggested "Before I Was Born" by Stan and Brenna Jones.
When the book arrived in the mail, the kids were excited and thought they were getting a gift. They always love getting mail since we live so far away from family. I opened it up and told them it was a book that I wanted to read with them. I figured the moment was lending itself to us… and "now was as good a time as any". We curled up on my bed and began to read. I introduced the book to the kids. "I bought this book to explain to you about how Mommies and Daddies raise a family. You've been asking a lot of questions lately that I feel deserve answers. Do you remember the discussion we had about the Daddy cat going to get fixed at the vet? This book will explain why the Daddy cat has to get fixed." That got their attention right away! They were all ears until the book started to get graphic. It wasn't near as uncomfortable as I had imagined talking with them to be. I got such a kick out of their responses and our discussion that it made the whole experience rather humorous.
The book was wonderful. It began with God's purposes for people, sex, and the love between man and wife. There were scriptures interwoven through the story and pretty illustrations. I was glad that I was having this conversation early on (at 10 and 8) rather than finding out that they were learning all about this from some other (and less biblical) source. We managed to make it through the book (with quite a few comments and smaller discussions along the way). "Gross!!!" and "Eeew!" were accompanied by some pretty ill-faced grimaces. I had to stop and laugh at their expressions and responses, but I kept reading. My favorite moment was when Kaden asked (as most little boys will), "So that is what you had to do with Daddy for us to be here?" He looked so grief-stricken that I had to smile. "Of course it is, Kaden. If I hadn't, I wouldn't have you!"
Daddy walked in from work around the time we were finishing up the discussion after the book. He knew that something was going on when everyone stared at him in a strange, knowing sort of way as he entered the bedroom. I'm sure he felt as if he were walking into a hornet's nest. "What's up?" he asked, quizzically. The kids acted as if they wanted to flee the room. Kaden sheepishly said, "I am never going to get married". His face was beet red. I showed Daddy the book and he proceeded to blush, too. Morgan said to him in her most serious voice, "Well…, I'm glad that you and Mommy… did sex… so that we could be here." It was as if she thought it must have been awful and we needed some kind of award for our service to them as procreators. The things kids say! I wish I had a video camera that would have recorded these moments. They were priceless. When she said this, though, I thought Kevin might pass out. He quickly scanned the book (managing to regain his composure) so we could continue our discussion.
Daddy and I began to tag-team a "birds and bees" talk with the kids. We talked about how precious it is and how it should be saved for a man and wife. We talked about the reasons why some women get pregnant before they are married. They asked interesting questions and had both of us there to answer them. We talked about how men should treat women. We talked about what "hookers" were (the kids had heard the word in a great gospel song by Randy Travis) and how sad and hard their lives are. We talked about how the body is beautiful and the people who dress "trashy" are God's creations and their bodies are not trashy – it is how they dress and ACT that is trashy. We talked about how God created sex as a gift for a man and wife to show each other love. It really was a wonderful discussion.
Amazingly, I feel a lot closer to the kids. I feel like I'm not keeping any secrets now. I've never been one to lie or hide things from them. I didn't know that waiting this long seemed that way from their point of view. It struck me when my son said, "I always thought you guys were keeping some kind of secret. Now I know what it was." I told him, "Do you blame me? It is kind of a personal thing to talk about bodies in that way, hu? It is pretty embarrassing. If you had a kid, would you be afraid to talk with them about it?" He smiled, "Yeah. I would."
So there you have it. The bee is out of the hive. The bird is out of its nest. I am left to wonder why I was so afraid of spring. It really isn't so bad after all.
Got bees?If you have your own little hive of kiddos and are nearing the "talk" yourself, here are a few of the resources that I was referred to below. Be sure to let me know what you think of them in my comments section if you have read them!
ONLINEHow to Talk with Your Kids about Sex - Whitney Hopler (Live It Editor)
Sex Ed at Home - Conquering your own anxieties is the first step to teaching your kids healthy sexuality - by Debra Evans
Abstinence Advocate: Concerned Parents Are Talking With Kids About Sex
Talking With Kids About Sex and Relationships (secular site)
Kevin Leman: Talking Turkey About Sex - by The 700 Club
Abstinence-Only Sex Education - Religion & Ethics
Spiritual Sex-Ed - Talking about sex involves more than the birds and the bees. Make sure you include the Bible, too. - by Jim Burns
Teaching Teens: Homeschooling with Christ - The Best Defense Against Pre-marital Sex - by Mimi Rothschild
BOOKSQuestions Kids Ask About Sex: Honest Answers for Every Age
by Baker
God's Design for Sex (Pictured Above)
Revised – 4 Book Set
by: Stan and Brenna Jones
Talking to Your Kids About Sex
by: Mark Laaser
Life Before Birth
by: Gary Parker
Girls and Puberty:
God, Mom, Me and Tea
by Doorposts Ministries
PO Box U
Quincy, Calif. 95971
Beautiful Girlhood
revised by Karen Andreola
Dating Books:
Secret Keeper Girl: The Power of True Beauty and Modesty (Eight Great Dates for You and Your Daughter)
by: Dannah Gresh.
I Kissed Dating Goodbye: A New Attitude Toward Romance and Relationships (Upgraded)
by: Joshua Harris
Teaching True Love to a Sex-at-13 Generation
by: Eric Ludy, Leslie Ludy
The Princess and the Kiss or The Squire and the Scroll
by: Jennie Bishop


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- Pharmacy
- Prescription Services
- New Prescription
- Refill Prescription
- Transfer Prescription
- Diabetic Supplies
- Over the Counter
- Home Medical
- Pets
Product ID: *MEMANTRI49
IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Namenda
USES: Memantine is used to treat moderate to severe confusion (dementia) related to Alzheimer\'s disease. It does not cure Alzheimer\'s disease, but it may improve memory, awareness, and the ability to perform daily functions. This medication works by blocking the action of a certain natural substance in the brain (glutamate) that is believed to be linked to symptoms of Alzheimer\'s disease.
HOW TO USE: Read the Patient Information Leaflet if available from your pharmacist before you start taking memantine and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist. Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. When you first start taking this medication, you will usually take it once daily. To reduce your risk of side effects, your doctor may direct you to start this medication at a low dose and gradually increase your dose. Follow your doctor\'s instructions carefully. Once your dose increases to more than 5 milligrams per day, take this medication twice daily or as directed by your doctor. If you are taking memantine oral liquid, read the manufacturer\'s instruction sheet that comes with the bottle. Follow the directions exactly. Use the oral syringe that comes with the product to measure out your dose. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose. Swallow the medication directly from the syringe. Do not mix it with water or other liquids. Rinse the syringe with water after each use. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions. Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day. Tell your doctor if your condition worsens.
SIDE EFFECTS: Body aches, dizziness, constipation, and headache may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects. A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing. This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist. In the US - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch. In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before taking memantine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details. Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney problems, severe urinary tract infections, recent dietary change (from a high-protein diet to a vegetarian diet). This drug may make you dizzy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis). Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products). During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor\'s approval. Some products that may interact with this drug include: carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (such as acetazolamide, methazolamide), sodium bicarbonate.
OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: restlessness, personality change, hallucinations, drowsiness, loss of consciousness.
NOTES: Do not share this medication with others.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up. If you forget to take memantine for several days, talk to your doctor before your next dose. You may need to start at a lower dose again and slowly increase it.
STORAGE: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
Information last revised January 2022. Copyright(c) 2023 First Databank, Inc.


text:
Introduction | Erik Bloodaxe |
Phrack Loopback / Editorial Page / Line Noise | Phrack Staff |
Phrack Pro-Phile on Lord Digital | Lord Digital |
Packet Switched Network Security | Chris Goggans |
Tymnet Diagnostic Tools | Professor Falken |
A User's Guide to XRAY | NOD |
Useful Commands for the TP3010 Debug Port | G. Tenet |
Sprintnet Directory Part I | Skylar |
Sprintnet Directory Part II | Skylar |
Sprintnet Directory Part III | Skylar |
Guide to Encryption | The Racketeer |
The Freedom Of Information Act and You | Vince Niel |
HoHoCon | various |
PWN | Datastream Cowboy |
==Phrack Magazine== Volume Four, Issue Forty-Two, File 4 of 14 Prelude to a Kiss - Lessons Unlearned Are Doomed To Bring Misery Ad-Infinitum - The following is an article I wrote for a mainstream computer security periodical called ISPNews. At the time, I had been discussing the idea of a bi-monthly column with the editor at that time, Len Spitz. (Now the editor is Michael Alexander, ex-of Computerworld) The following article, although very, very tame by my standards, and admittedly lacking in enough hardcore information to help security professionals to apply a quick fix to their many problems, caused quite a stir among the folks at ISPNews. Since this article was from me, a self-proclaimed hacker, it underwent an extraordinary amount of scrutiny. Rather than be accepted or denied by the editor, my article got the dubious honor of being sent before an editorial advisory board. I checked every back issue of ISPNews and could find no mention of such an entity until the November/December 1991 issue, the issue immediately following an length interview with none other than myself. When I questioned Len Spitz about this rather odd fact, he maintained that this committee had indeed existed, but stammered his way through my question to name any other article that they had convened to judge in the past, and to explain the duties of such a group. He could not give me any answers. The group itself was obviously geared to be a type of kangaroo-court. It consisted of: William J. Cook -- The man who less than two years prior had ordered my privacy and civil rights violated by the Secret Service solely on the basis of two bulletin board posts and my association with members of the Legion of Doom and the Phrack Magazine staff. William H. Murray -- A senior consultant with Deloitte & Touche who had two weeks prior stood up before my presentation to the MIS Training Institute's 11th Annual Conference and said loudly "I can't take this any more, I'm leaving," to the astounded audience. The man who went on to state in his own column in ISPNews, "Can we lie down with dogs and get up without fleas?" and "Ask yourself if you wish to work in a profession populated by rogues. Ask yourself if you want your reputation mixed with theirs." Winn Schwartau -- A security consultant with a broad view and an open mind, undoubtedly resulting from his background in the music industry, as opposed to the bean-counting world of MIS. David J. Stang -- Director of research, NCSA. Noted virus specialist. This was the group. Here is what they said about my article: Bill Cook -- "It's very well-written and informative, but shouldn't be published for legal reasons." (What those reasons might have been were not stated, nor did Mr. Cook return my call to his office.) Bill Murray -- Was not even given the file to read, as his response was deemed to predictable. Winn Schwartau -- "Publish it. This is valuable information." David Stang -- Was not given the file because, according to Len Spitz "David is just a virus expert, and this isn't in his arena, so we gave it to Ray Kaplan." Ray Kaplan -- Did not want to comment on it because he said, "It's not my expertise, so I gave it to a friend." I believe Ray did not want to get involved with anything having to do with hackers after the reactionary attitudes of the DECUS attendees towards his defense of Kevin Mitnik that nearly left him in bankruptcy. I cannot blame him at all. (Hell, I like the guy...he's certainly more brazen with attitude these days, I mean, he went to HoHoCon for God's-sake!) Ray's Friend -- "This is of absolutely no use to the information security professional, but of great use to the hacker community." I still do not know who Ray's "friend" was. I hope his Alzeheimer's has subsided since this comment. Needless to say, the article went unpublished. Shortly thereafter I received a letter from Robert Fox, an assistant vice-president at Sprint. Somehow my little article had snaked its way over to Kansas City. It's amazing how one faxed copy of an article could have reached so many people in such a short period of time. Mr. Fox had the following to say: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ United Telecom/US Sprint 9221 Ward Parkway Kansas City, Missouri 64114 816-822-6262 Robert F. Fox January 13, 1992 Assistant Vice President Corporate Security VIA AIRBORNE EXPRESS Mr. Chris Goggans COMSEC Suite 1470 7322 Southwest Freeway Houston, TX 77074 Re: Your Article "Packet-switched Networks Security Begins With Configuration" Dear Mr. Goggans: A copy of the referenced unpublished article, which is enclosed with this letter, has come to our attention. After review, we believe the article is inaccurate and libelous. If published the contents of the article could cause damage to Sprint customers, Sprint and our reputation, and we request that you not publish or otherwise disseminate it. In addition, we believe some of the information contained in the article has been obtained through violation of the property rights of Sprint and/or our customers and we demand that you cease any efforts or attempts to violate or otherwise compromise our property whether or not for you personal financial gain. Sincerely, Robert F. Fox Enclosure ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Regardless of how Mr. Fox came into possession of this article, i have to question his letter based on his comments. First he states that the information is almost criminally incorrect and could cause harm to Sprint's reputation. Then he states that information in the article has come to be known through the violation of the security of Sprintnet and/or clients of Sprintnet. In effect, I am both a thief and a liar according to Mr. Fox. Well, if I were a thief the information could not possibly be inaccurate if it were obtained from Sprintnet or its clients. If I was a liar, why would they think the information came from themselves and/or their clients? Mr. Fox's thinly veiled threat caused me great amusement. I then decided no mainstream publication would touch this article. I don't know why everyone is so scared of the truth. Perhaps if the truth were known people would have to work, and perhaps if the truth were known some people would be out of work. None of this is of concern to me anymore. I am here to speak the truth and to provide uncensored information gathered from a variety of sources to provide readers of this magazine the facts they need to quench their thirst for knowledge. This article is included as a prelude to a series of articles all based on packet switched networks as related to information merely alluded to in my harmless little article. To our readers, "enjoy." To the cowering so-called security experts, "kiss my ass." ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Packet-switched Networks Security Begins with Configuration For many companies the use of packet-switched networks has allowed for increased interconnectivity of systems and easy remote access. Connection to a major public packet-switched network brings increased access points with local dialups in many cities around the nation as well as access points from foreign countries. With the many obvious benefits provided by this service, improper configuration of either the host's connection to the network or of the network itself can lead to extreme security problems. The very connection to a public packet-switched network immediately increases the exposure of that particular system. America's two major commercial networks, BT-Tymnet and Sprintnet, are probably the most popular US targets for hackers around the world. The wealth of systems available on these two networks has provided hackers with a seemly endless supply of sites on which to sharpen their skills. The ease of use inherent in both networks makes them popular for legitimate users as well as illegitimate users. The Telenet software utilized in the Sprintnet network allows users to enter a network user address (NUA) in the standard format as outlined in the X.121 numbering standard: DDDDAAAHHHHHPP Where D = the four digit data network identifier code (DNIC) A = the three digit area code corresponding to the host H = the host address P = the port or (sub) address On domestic calls the DNIC for Sprintnet (3110) is stored in all Sprintnet equipment and is used as the default. By merely picking an area code, most often corresponding to the standard area codes of the North American Numbering Plan, and an additional one to five digits a would-be intruder can connect to any number of systems while looking for targets. In the past many software packages have been written to automate this process, and large scans of the network have been published in a variety of underground media. The Tymnet II software utilized in BT's Tymnet prompts the user for a mnemonic which corresponds to a host or number of hosts. The mnemonic, or username, is referenced to a fixed host address in the network's Master User Directory (MUD). This username may allow the caller to connect to a variety of sites, as opposed to merely one, by entering additional information in separate fields after the username. It may also correspond to a network gateway thereby allowing the user to enter a number in the X.121 format and connect to that specific site. This particular network, with its primary use of words as opposed to numbers, has been compromised by intruders who guess common words or names in their attempts to connect to remote sites. Each network has its own particular set of problems but solutions to these problems are both simple and quick in implementation. SPRINTNET The first deterrence in securing a host on this network is to restrict access to the site. This can be accomplished in a number of ways. The most obvious is to have the site refuse collect calls. All calls on Sprintnet are reverse-billed, unless the site has specifically asked that they not be billed for incoming calls. This makes the site accessible only through the use of a Network User Identifier (NUI). Another method of restricting access from intruders is to place the host in a closed user group (CUG). By electing to have the host in a CUG, the administrator can allow only certain NUIs to connect, and can also restrict the actual addresses from which access is allowed. For example: A site is placed in a CUG that will allow only calls from the company's remote branch in Dallas to access the host and only with the NUI created specifically for that branch. All attempts to access the site from an address outside the 214 area will result in an error message indicating an invalid source address. All attempts to connect with an invalid NUI will result in an error indicating an invalid ID. This information is maintained in the networks main TAMS (TP Access Management System) database, and is not subject to manipulation under normal circumstances. Many sites on the Sprintnet network have specific subaddresses connecting to a debug port. This is usually at subaddress 99. All connections to debug ports should be restricted. Allowing users access to this port will allow them the ability to load and display memory registers of the Sprintnet equipment connected to the port, and even reset as well as enable or disable the host. Most debug ports are equipped with preset passwords from the vendor, but should be changed. These ports should also restrict connection from all addresses except those specified by the company. An additional measure that may foil intruders relying on software programs to find all addresses in a given area code is to request that the host be given an address above 10000. The time involved in scanning the network is extensive and most casual intruders will not look past the 10000 range. In fact, many will not venture past 2000. BT-TYMNET Any company having a host on the Tymnet network should choose a username that is not easily associated with the company or one that is not a common word or name. If an intruder is aware that XYZ Inc. has a UNIX based system on TYMNET he or she would begin attempts to find this system with the obvious usernames: XYZ, XYZINC, XYZNET, XYZ1, XYZUNIX, UNIX, etc. BT-Tymnet allows for these usernames to have additional password security as well. All hosts should have this option enabled, and passwords should be changed frequently. The password should always be a minimum of six digits, should include letters, numbers and at least one symbol character, and should not be associated in any way with the corresponding username. Many clients of BT-Tymnet have purchased the Tymnet II software and have individual sub-networks that are linked to the public network through gateways. Each subnet is personally configured and maintained through the use of a package of utilities provided by Tymnet. These utilities each perform a specific task and are highly important to the smooth operation of the network. These utilities may be accessed either directly from the host-end or remotely through the network by entering a corresponding username. Some of these utilities are: XRAY : a monitoring utility DDT : a debugging utility NETVAL : a database of username to host correspondence PROBE : a monitoring utility TMCS : a monitoring utility Under NO CIRCUMSTANCES should these utilities be left without a password on the company's subnet. These utilities should also never be named similarly to their given name. Should an intruder gain access to any of these utilities the integrity of your network will be at risk. For example: Allowing an outsider access to the XRAY utility, would give he or she the ability to monitor both incoming and outgoing data from the host using the "TA" command (display trace data table in ASCII). Use of certain XRAY commands are restricted by a security function that allows only certain usernames to execute commands on the basis of their existence in a "Goodguy" list, which can be displayed by any XRAY user. Should a user be of the highest privilege, (2), he or she can add or delete from the "Goodguy" list, reset connections, and display trace data on channels other than the default channel. Allowing a user access to DDT can result in complete disruption of the network. DDT allows the user the ability to write directly to the network controller "node code" and alter its configuration. Allowing a user access to NETVAL will allow the user to display all usernames active on the network and the corresponding host addresses. OTHER PROBLEMS EXAMPLE ONE On many networks users have the ability to connect to the packet assembler/disassembler (PAD) of the network dial-ups. This has led to significant problems in the past. In the mid-1980's two American hackers were exploring the German packet network DATEX-P. One connected to a host in Berlin and was immediately disconnected by the remote site. Before the hacker could react, the German host connected to the NUA corresponding to his Sprintnet PAD and sent him a login prompt. This alarmed the hacker greatly, as he assumed that the proprietors of the German host had somehow noticed his attempt to access their system. He contacted his partner and told him of the occurrence. The two concluded that since the NUA of the origination point is sent in the packet-header, the remote site must have been programed to recognize the NUA and then return the call. The fact that it had returned a call to a public PAD was intriguing to the pair, so they decided to attempt to recreate the event by calling each other. Both individuals connected to the network and one entered the NUA corresponding to the others PAD. A connection resulted and the two were able to interact with one another. They then decided that they would periodically meet in this fashion and discuss their findings from Germany. At the time of the next meeting, the connection did not occur as planned. One hacker quickly received a telephone call from the second who exclaimed rather excitedly that he had attempted to connect to his partner as planned, but accidentally connected to another PAD and intercepted a legitimate user typing his NUI. Further investigation proved that one could connect to public PADs during the idle period when the user was in network mode, prior to making a connection to a remote site. This discovery was intended to remain secret, because of its extremely dangerous applications. Nevertheless, word of this discovery soon reached the entire hacker community and what came to be known as "PAD to PAD" was born. The "PAD to PAD" technique became so wide-spread that hackers were soon writing software to intercept data and emulate hosts and capture login names and passwords from unsuspecting network users. Hackers were intercepting thousands of calls every day from users connecting to systems ranging from banking and credit to the Fortune 500 to government sites. After nearly two years of "PAD to PAD" Sprintnet became alerted to the crisis and disallowed all connections to public PADs. When Sprintnet expanded its service overseas they once again left access to the overseas PADs unrestricted. The problem went unnoticed again until their attention was brought to it by a hacker who called Sprintnet security and told them that they ought to fix it quickly before it became as wide-spread as before. The problem was resolved much quicker this time. This particular technique was not limited to Sprintnet. All networks using the Telenet software are at risk to this type of manipulation. This type of network manipulation was integral in the recent compromise of a large Bell Company's packet network in a much-publicized case. Certain foreign networks in countries such as Israel, England, Chile, Panama, Peru and Brazil are also at risk. EXAMPLE TWO In the late 1980's hackers stumbled onto a packet network owned and maintained by a large facilities maintenance company. This particular network had a huge flaw in its setup. It connected all calls placed through it as if they were placed with an NUI. This allowed hackers to place calls to addresses that refused collect connections on networks around the world. This became a popular method for hackers to access underground chat systems in Europe. Additionally, this network contained a score of computers belonging to a major automobile manufacturer. Most of these systems were highly insecure. The network also allowed unrestricted access to network debug ports. This particular network also had a toll-free number on an MCI exchange. At the time, MCI was having some difficulty getting their equipment to accept the ANI information to provide customers with a full call- detail report on their monthly statement. The hackers were well aware of this fact and made frequent use of the network with no fear of prosecution. Eventually MCI was able to fix their translation problem and were able to provide their clients with full call-detail reports. When this was learned, many hackers abandoned use of the network, but several others were later prosecuted for its usage when their number turned up on the bill. EXAMPLE THREE Until quite recently intimate knowledge of the utilities driving various packet-switched networks were known by an exclusive few. While investigating a network owned by an extremely large Cleveland-based conglomerate hackers came across a system where documentation on the usage of every utility was kept online. The hackers quickly downloaded all the information and it soon became somewhat wide-spread among the underground community. With less-skilled and more unscrupulous individuals in possession of this information many networks began experiencing disruptions and system integrity was quickly lost as hackers began monitoring data traffic. No information on the usage of packet networks or their utilities should ever be kept online. Hard copies should be kept in the possession of the network administrator, and when updated, obsolete versions must be destroyed. WHAT TO DO When a security violation stemming from a connection through the packet network is noticed, Network Security should be notified. Clients of BT-Tymnet should notify Steve Matthews at 408-922-7384. Clients of Sprintnet should notify Pat Sisson at 703-689-6913. Once changes have been enacted in the network to prevent further break-ins, the host computer should be checked thoroughly for any changes or damages, and all individual account passwords should be changed. CONCLUSION It is critical that the packet network be configured properly and that all measures are taken to ensure its security. Even the most secure host computer can be easily compromised if it is connected to an insecure packet network. ----------------------------------------------------------------------


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Scores of gigantic wind turbines in the Adirondacks' northeastern and southwestern foothills are a startling site amidst historically bucolic scenery. The landscape appears "citified," with structures nearly 40 stories high where the largest buildings rarely top 3 stories. It is a dramatic change, and a far cry from simpler days when family farms were prevalent.
Few realize that in those "simpler days" of dairy farms, windmills were actually quite common across the region. Of course, the windmills once dotting the North Country's landscape were nothing like today's behemoths, which stand nearly 400 feet high from the ground to the tip of a skyward-pointing blade. And, the windmills of old weren't always efficient machines.
Wind technology took a tremendous leap forward in the 1850s thanks to Daniel Halladay, a Connecticut machinist. Halladay's windmill not only pumped water, but automatically turned to face into the wind as it changed directions. Almost as important, he devised a way to control the speed of the blades (windmills are prone to destruction from within when operating at high rpm levels). Halladay established the US Wind Engine & Pump Company, setting up shop in Illinois. From the start, the business flourished.
Though his sales were focused on the country's expansion westward, New York State was also experiencing dramatic growth, particularly in the remote northern Adirondack foothills, where pioneers faced a harsh climate and difficult living conditions. Halladay's invention eventually helped turn some of those weather negatives into positives by taking advantage of wind patterns across upper New York State.
In 1874, the railroad was expanding north from Whitehall towards Plattsburgh. Since steam engines require water, the line generally followed the shore of Lake Champlain. Tanks were constructed along the route where the rails neared the lakeshore. Steam pumps or windmills were used to fill the feeder tanks, which had a capacity of 33,000 gallons each.
As settlers moved north on both sides of the Adirondacks, windmill technology crept northward with them. Farming was necessary for survival, and the enormous workload was eased by mechanical devices like windmills. The description of one man's operation about 18 miles south of Lowville was typical of the times: " … a beautiful farm of 280 acres, milks 35 cows, and is a model farm. House, barns, windmill pump, all systematically arranged."
In situations like that, windmills often filled tanks placed on the upper floor of a barn. The water was then gravity-fed to the livestock below, and piped to other locations as needed. The machine was also used to grind various grains. Early models were mounted on wooden frames, but many fell victim to the very power they were trying to harness, toppling before raging windstorms. Eventually, steel frames supported most windmills.
Wind power wasn't just for individual homes and farms. In July 1879, H. H. Babcock & Sons of Watertown was hired to install a windmill at 1000 Islands State Park. Water was drawn from the St. Lawrence River to large tanks near the dining hall, and from there was conducted to the various cottages by galvanized iron pipe.
And at Hermon, a contract for $6,595.00 was signed with Daniel Halladay's company to install a new waterworks system. Included were a wooden tank of 50,000-gallon capacity, a windmill with a wheel diameter of 20 feet, and more than a mile of piping. The frost-proof tank was 24 feet in diameter, 16 feet high, and 3 inches thick. It sat on a trestle 20 feet high, while the windmill stood on a trestle 80 feet high.
Many hotels, including the Whitney House in Norwood and the Turin House in Turin, used windmills to power their water systems. At Chazy, windmills pumped water from the quarries; at Port Henry, they filled water tanks for the trains; and at Saranac Lake, they fed the water supply of the Adirondack Sanitarium.
In 1889, George Baltz of Watertown handled the Halladay display at the Jefferson County Fair, demonstrating that windmills furnished cheaper power than steam engines and could run a feed mill, a circular saw for cutting wood, or pump water.
Though Halladay's products were widely known, he did have competitors. Some added their own modifications, and some were "copycats." And they weren't all products from afar. In 1882, an advertisement touted a windmill "warranted to take care of itself in high winds, equal to the best western mills, and is sold for half the money. It is manufactured at Potsdam." It featured a self-regulator, and appeared to be based on Halladay's own successful model.
In the late 1890s, most of the windmills in the Ticonderoga and Lake George area were products of the Perkins Windmill Company, which had already installed more than 50 units across the lake in Vermont. Though windmills in the Midwest were primarily for irrigation, most of those in the North Country supplied water to homes, businesses, and farm animals.
Wind power did face competition from other sources. Gasoline engines became more and more common, offering a reliable alternative. However, they were expensive, noisy, and costly to run. An operator had to be present to start and stop a gas engine, while windmills employed a system of floats to start and stop filling the tanks automatically. A once-a-week oiling was the only required maintenance. The biggest problem at the time was that gas engines ran when you wanted them to, but windmills depended on the weather.
The giant turbines we see in northern New York today are not a new idea. In a peek at the future, Charles Brush of Cleveland, Ohio demonstrated in 1888 the first use of a large windmill to generate electricity. As early as 1895, observers noted that windmills were "destined to be much used for storing electricity. We predict an immense future for the windmill industry."
In 1910, a farm in America's Midwest employed windmills to charge a bank of batteries. Wind power provided electricity to light the farm and operate the equipment, and when the wind didn't blow, the farm ran on battery power for a few days.
By 1925, wind turbines had been used to run refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, and power tools. And in 1926, the NYS Fair urged farmers to purchase windmills, using a 12-foot-high model to show the benefits they might enjoy. It was an enticing glimpse at the potential of electricity. Ironically, the popularity of windmills soon became their undoing.
Though they were a wonderful source of cheap power, the main problem was intermittent operation. When the wind didn't blow, the tools didn't go. Battery storage systems were only good for brief periods, and people wanted power WHEN they wanted it. Soon, another overriding factor arose—the growing need for huge amounts of electricity.
By the late 1930s and 1940s, constantly flowing electricity was the goal, relegating wind power to the background of the energy battle. It was still used, and advancements were pursued, but success was limited. One notable effort was the huge Smith-Putnam windmill installed atop Grandpa's Knob near Castleton and Rutland, Vermont, in 1941.
Though less than half the size of today's models, it was still large, featuring a 16-ton, 175-foot steel rotor that turned at 28 RPM. Occasional use ended abruptly in 1945 when metal fatigue caused the blade to snap, hurling a huge section 1000 feet down the mountain.
In the North Country, windmills have returned after a long hiatus. They stand ten times taller than their predecessors, and now pump electricity instead of water. Where potato, hop, and dairy farms once dominated, the wind farms of today stand above all others.
Photo Top: Windmills 400 feet tall at Churubusco (and another under construction in the foreground).
Photo Middle Right: Typical use of windmill to fill railroad water tanks.
Photo Middle Left: Halladay windmills were offered by George Baltz of Watertown.
Photo Bottom: Advertisement for Halladay's company.
Lawrence Gooley has authored eight books and several articles on the North Country's past. He and his partner, Jill McKee, founded Bloated Toe Enterprises in 2004 and have recently begun to expand their services and publishing work. For information on book publishing, visit Bloated Toe Publishing.