text:
The green branching, slender stems criss-crossing each other have linear joints to 5 inches in length. The round, white closely set areoles have yellow glochids with 3/8 inch tufts and it is also heavily guarded with spines. In summer the bell-shaped, large golden yellow flowers will fade to a red tint and are borne singly on the stem tips and then produce fruit. This genus has the largest membership of sun loving species. Australia has even banned a few because of their rapid growth.
Google Plant Images: click here!
Cultivar: n/aFamily: Cactaceae
Size: Height: 0 ft. to 14 ft.
Width: 0 ft. to 0 ft.
Plant Category: cacti and other succulents, fruits, houseplants,
Plant Characteristics: decorative berries or fruit, low maintenance, seed start,
Foliage Characteristics:
Flower Characteristics: showy, single,
Flower Color: reds, yellows,
Tolerances: drought,
Bloomtime Range: Early Summer to Late Summer
USDA Hardiness Zone: 10 to 11
AHS Heat Zone: Not defined for this plant
Light Range: Sun to Full Sun
pH Range: 5.5 to 6.5
Soil Range: Some Sand to Clay Loam
Water Range: Arid to Semi-Arid
Plant Care
How-to : Fertilization for Young PlantsYoung plants need extra phosphorus to encourage good root development. Look for a fertilizer that has phosphorus, P, in it(the second number on the bag.) Apply recommended amount for plant per label directions in the soil at time of planting or at least during the first growing season.
How-to : Fertilization for Established Plants
Established plants can benefit from fertilization. Take a visual inventory of your landscape. Trees need to be fertilized every few years. Shrubs and other plants in the landscape can be fertilized yearly. A soil test can determine existing nutrient levels in the soil. If one or more nutrients is low, a specific instead of an all-purpose fertilizer may be required. Fertilizers that are high in N, nitrogen, will promote green leafy growth. Excess nitrogen in the soil can cause excessive vegetative growth on plants at the expense of flower bud development. It is best to avoid fertilizing late in the growing season. Applications made at that time can force lush, vegetative growth that will not have a chance to harden off before the onset of cold weather.
How-to : Fertilizing Houseplants
Houseplants may be fertilized with: 1. water-soluble, quick release fertilizers; 2. temperature controlled slow-release fertilizers; 3. or organic fertilizers such as fish emulsion. Water soluble fertilizers are used every two weeks or per label instructions. Controlled, slow-release fertilizers are carefully worked into the soil usually only once during the growing season or per label directions. For organic fertilizers, such as fish emulsion, follow label directions. Allow houseplants to 'rest' during the winter months; stop fertilizing in late October and resume feeding in late February.
Conditions : Light ConditionsUnless a site is completely exposed, light conditions will change during the day and even during the year. The northern and eastern sides of a house receive the least amount of light, with the northern exposure being the shadiest. The western and southern sides of a house receive the most light and are considered the hottest exposures due to intense afternoon sun.
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day. The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property. If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home, take time to map sun and shade throughout the day. You will get a more accurate feel for your site's true light conditions.
Conditions : Full Sun for Houseplants
Don't underestimate the light needs of houseplants that require full sun -- they are often tropicals. Place them within 2 feet of a southern exposure window, or at the very minimum, a room that stays bright. Bright rooms have light colored walls, allowing for light reflection.
Conditions : Dry Houseplants
Houseplants that do not require much water, or dry houseplants, should be allowed to dry out completely between waterings, especially in winter. When you do water, make sure that the soil is completely saturated and excess water runs out the bottom of the pot. Never water just a little bit as mineral salts will build up in soil. It is not uncommon for many plants that require moisture during the growing season to need less during the winter months when the plant is dormant. Cacti are probably the most well known drought tolerant plants, but even they need occasional waterings.
Conditions : Light and Plant Selection
For best plant performance, it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light conditions. Right plant, right place! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color, have fewer leaves and a "leggy" stretched-out appearance. Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable. It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps. Plants can also receive too much light. If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun, it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged.
Conditions : Full Sun
Full Sun is defined as exposure to more than 6 hours of continuous, direct sun per day.
How-to : XeriscapingXeriscaping is a method of planting which promotes naturally drought tolerant plants and water saving methods. Much consideration is given not only to the plants chosen for the design, but the design itself. Lawns are greatly decreased in size and usually located in the center of plantings at a lower grade as to catch any runoff. Shrubs requiring the most water, are conservatively used and thoughtfully placed, where they may be easily watered, preferably from runoff, and moisture conserved. There is a strong emphasis on using native plants, which a purist will do exclusively. At the very least, improved cultivars of natives are highly recommended.
Irrigation maybe used to supplement watering, but takes a creative turn in the form of drip systems and recycled catch water. Organic mulches in the form of compost, straws, and barks are also used to retain as much water as possible. In extremely dry areas, it is not uncommon for gravel and rocks to serve as the mulch.
A xeriphytic landscape is one that takes your particular site into consideration. A plant that maybe considered low water usage in one area of the country, may not be in another area, due to climatic stresses.
Problems : Waterlogged Soil and Solutions
Waterlogged soil occurs when more water is added to soil than can drain out in a reasonable amount of time. This can be a severe problem where water tables are high or soils are compacted. Lack of air space in waterlogged soil makes it almost impossible for soil to drain. Few plants, except for bog plants, can tolerate these conditions. Drainage must be improved if you are not satisfied with bog gardening. Over-watered plants have the same wilted leaves as under-watered plants. Fungi such as Phytophthora and Pythium affect vascular systems, which cause wilt.
If the problem is only on the surface, it maybe diverted to a drainage ditch. If drainage is poor where water table is high, install an underground drainage system. You should contact a contractor for this. If underground drains already exist, check to see if they are blocked.
French drains are another option. French drains are ditches that have been filled with gravel. It is okay to plant sod on top of them. More obtrusive, but a good solution where looks aren't as important, think of the French drain as a ditch filled with gravel. Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides.
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water is diverted to via underground pipes. This works well on sites that have compacted soil. Your soakway should be about 6'wide and deep and filled with gravel or crushed stone, topped with sand and sodded or seeded.
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people's property. If you do not feel that you can implement a workable solution on your own, call a contractor.
Conditions : Arid
Arid, is defined as the complete absence of water.
Conditions : Semi-Arid
Semi-Arid is defined as very little water/rainfall occurring only during certain times of the season.
How-to : Preparing Garden BedsUse a soil testing kit to determine the acidity or alkalinity of the soil before beginning any garden bed preparation. This will help you determine which plants are best suited for your site. Check soil drainage and correct drainage where standing water remains. Clear weeds and debris from planting areas and continue to remove weeds as soon as they come up.
A week to 10 days before planting, add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage. If soil composition is weak, a layer of topsoil should be considered as well. No matter if your soil is sand or clay, it can be improved by adding the same thing: organic matter. The more, the better; work deep into the soil. Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials. This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now, but will greatly pay off later. Besides, this is not something that is easily done later, once plants have been established.
How-to : Preparing Containers
Containers are excellent when used as an ornamental feature, a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in, or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior. If growing more than one plant in a container, make sure that all have similar cultural requirements. Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container. Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay. All containers should have drainage holes. A mesh screen, broken clay pot pieces(crock) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out. The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen. Quality soils (or soil-less medias) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet. If water runs off soil upon initial wetting, this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think.
Prior to filling a container with soil, wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist. Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants, when planted, to be just below the rim of the pot. Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete. Water well.
How-to : Potting Indoor Plants
Make sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it: that it will have enough light, space, and a temperature it will like. Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room.
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically, or they become pot/root-bound and their growth is retarded. Water the plant well before starting, so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot. If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot, try running a blade around the edge of the pot, and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil.
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant. Fill around the plant gently with soil, being careful not to pack too tightly -- you want air to be able to get to the roots. After the plant is in the new pot, don't fertilize right away... this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home.
The size pot you choose is important too. Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter. Remember, many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound. Always start with a clean pot!
Pest : Spider MitesSpider mites are small, 8 legged, spider-like creatures which thrive in hot, dry conditions (like heated houses). Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts, which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled. Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations. Spider mites can multiply quickly, as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days. They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers.
Prevention and Control: Keep weeds down and remove infested plants. Dry air seems to worsen the problem, so make sure plants are regularly watered, especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals, citrus, or tomatoes. Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery. Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae. If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office, read and follow all label directions. Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live.
Pest : Mealybugs
Small, wingless, dull-white, soft-bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering. They have piercing/sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue. Mealybugs often look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch. They attack a wide range of plants. The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot, then they hang out in colonies and feed. Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop. They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew (coveted by ants) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold.
Prevention and Control: Isolate infested plants from those that are not. Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide/chemical recommendation. Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs.
Pest : Whiteflies
Whiteflies are small, winged insects that look like tiny moths, which attack many types of plants. The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed. Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months. If a plant is infested with whiteflies, you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed. Whiteflies can weaken a plant, eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked. They can transmit many harmful plant viruses. They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew (coveted by ants) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold.
Possible controls: keep weeds down; use screening in windows to keep them out; remove infested plants away from non-infested plants; use a reflective mulch (aluminum foil) under plants (this repels whiteflies); trap with yellow sticky cards, apply labeled pesticides; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant.
Pest : Slugs and Snails
Slugs and snails favor moist climates and are mollusks, not insects. They can be voracious feeders, eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented. They may eat holes in leaves, strip entire stems, or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants, leaving behind tell-tale silvery, slimy trails.
Prevention and control: Keep your garden as clean as possible, eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris, over-turned pots, and tarps. Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places. In the spring, patrol for and destroy eggs (clusters of small translucent spheres) and adults during dusk and dawn. Set out beer traps from late spring through fall.
Many chemical controls are available on the market, but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets; take care when using them - always read the label first!
Fungi : Leaf Spots
Leaf spots are caused by fungi or bacteria. Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular, with a water soaked or yellow-edged appearance. Insects, rain, dirty garden tools, or even people can help its spread.
Prevention and Control: Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry. Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of. Avoid overhead irrigation if possible; water should be directed at soil level. For fungal leaf spots, use a recommended fungicide according to label directions.
Pest : Scale Insects
Scales are insects, related to mealy bugs, that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor. Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding site. The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell layer. They appear as bumps, often on the lower sides of leaves. They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue. Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop. They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew (coveted by ants) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold.
Prevention and Control: Once established they are hard to control. Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested. Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control. Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden.
Fungi : Sooty Mold
Sooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves. It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids, mealy bugs, scale, or ants. Though not serious, it is unattractive when it covers/blackens the leaves and stems of the plant. The best way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew. Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose-end sprayer.
Edibles : Edible LandscapeAn edible landscape is one in which all or most of the plants can be eaten or used for cooking in some way. If you are interested in edible gardening, it is highly recommended that you pratice organic methods in the garden. At the very least, do not use chemicals in the area of the garden where there are edibles. Be creative. Many edibles look great in containers, hanging baskets, or even as foundation plants.
Glossary : pH
pH, means the potential of Hydrogen, is the measure of alkalinity or acidity. In horticulture, pH refers to the pH of soil. The scale measures from 0, most acid, to 14, most alkaline. Seven is neutral. Most plants prefer a range between 5.5 and about 6.7, an acid range, but there are plenty of other plants that like soil more alkaline, or above 7. A pH of 7 is where the plant can most easily absorb the most nutrients in the soil. Some plants prefer more or less of certain nutrients, and therefore do better at a certain pH.
Glossary : Drought Tolerant
Very few plants, except for those naturally found in desert situations, can tolerate arid soils, but there are plants that seem to be more drought tolerant than others. Plants that are drought tolerant still require moisture, so don't think that they can go for extended period without any water. Drought tolerant plants are often deep rooted, have waxy or thick leaves that conserve water, or leaf structures that close to minimize transpiration. All plants in droughty situations benefit from an occasional deep watering and a 2-3 inch thick layer of mulch. Drought tolerant plants are the backbone of xeriphytic landscaping.


text:
Thursday, June 07, 2012
Now Or Never For Trudeau
I'm not one to gush over Trudeau, fact is Liberals routinely embarrass themselves fawning all over the man, most of the "love" is nauseating in its superficiality. Sorry, that's the truth. However, let's keep it real, politics are superficial, so "rock star" isn't necessarily a negative for a party desperate to get off the road to oblivion. The fact the NDP just rode into Official Opposition status with a bunch of MP's the electorate couldn't pick out in a police lineup, a testament to the fact politics are as deep as a bird bath. If Trudeau can turn some otherwise disinterested heads, all the more power to him, perhaps the thick mane alone can win 20-30 new seats?
Where I can jump on the Trudeau bandwagon, is that he has the capacity to truly shake up a pretty static entity, as well as the larger malaise that plagues Canadian politics. I also believe Trudeau is truly a progressive, a left, center left manifestation, which is where I prefer we stand. The fact Trudeau is considered "green", prone to speak off the cuff, not shy about controversy, plus, plus, plus in my mind, this country could use some spontaneity and feather ruffling. As well, Trudeau seems to speak the language which resonates with younger voters, for a tired party that is nowhere with this demographic, that energy he brings is attractive. Bold and somewhat brash, bring it on all day long, for the love of man inject some life into this comatose country.
Trudeau doesn't think this is his time, but really these are the potential Liberal end times, so future considerations fail to recognize the immediate imperative. In reality, it is now or never, this realization Trudeau must digest. If Trudeau loves the Liberal brand, if he believes in what it stands for and wants to put a stamp on it moving forward, this is it, the moment, right here, right now.
Jump in now Justin, while this rusty tug still floats, tomorrow may never come...
3 comments:
- Omar said...
A Justin Trudeau led Liberal party brings me back into the fold. Such a decision would likely see me experience disappointment, followed by regret, but I'd come back. Back and donating, I might add. There are many reasons why I would feel so inclined, but one of the main reasons is my discomfort with Thomas Mulcair at the helm of the NDP.
- 11:50 AM, June 07, 2012
- CK said...
I can see the Harper attack ads being written--cheesy, macabre with the ghosts of Justin's father. Then, how would Justin respond? It would obviously be emotional for him. Emotion won't cut it. He has to be as cut throat, if not, more so than Harper. Does he have the stuff?
- 8:13 PM, June 07, 2012
- Jerry Prager said...
Justin may believe he owes more to his family than to the party his father visited, and I would not fault him for that, nor predict against some twenty years from now day in which liberalism will be willing to commit itself through him to the cause of greatest equal liberty, but I for one, have despaired of liberalism's ability to be anything but neo-liberal, ie progressive corporatist, give me greens and NDP and a curse on both old houses, but for some stupid 1967 twelve year old me belief in Canadian Liberalism instilled "on the hundredth anniversary of con-fed-eration everybody sing together." Give me Canadian Liberalism true north strong and free or give me death... I don't know, or let Harper destroy both Libs and Cons... north south east west...I'd go down fighting with Bob Rae or Trudeau, and frack the Harrisite Lack of Common Sense Harpercon Reactionaries to hell come high water or low...if I have to I'll forget how deeply inspired by Canadian liberalism I have been and I will abide as a Green or NDP depending on where I am.
- 8:20 PM, June 07, 2012

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Available for:
iPad, iPhone, Android, Mac, and Windows.
"How does the Spirit work in and through believers? The answers are found in this bestselling pamphlet, The Fruit of the Spirit. Based on Galatians 5: 22, 23, this attractive pamphlet helps Christians understand nine fruits of the Spirit: love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. These traits can only be developed with the help of the Holy Spirit.


text:
මෙම පිටුව සිංහල විකිපීඩියාවෙහි අන්තර්ගතය පිළිබඳ මාර්ගෝපදේශන ලේඛනගත කරයි. සාමාන්ය දැනීම අනුව ක්රියාකිරීම නිවැරැදි ක්රමවේදය විය හැකි වුවද, සහ විටින් විට ව්යතිරේකයන් අදාළ වූවද සංස්කාරකවරුන් විසින් මෙය පිළිපැදීමට වෙර දැරීම සාමාන්යයෙන් පිළිගන්නාවූ සම්මතය වෙයි. මෙම පිටුවට ඇතිකරන්නාවූ කිසියම් සත්තාවී සංස්කරණයන් සම්මුතිය ප්රදක්ෂිණා කරන අයුරින් විය යුතුයි. ඔබ කිසියම් දෙගිඩියාවකින් සිටියි නම්, පළමුව සාකච්ඡා පිටුවෙහි සාකච්ඡා කරන්න. |
- "WP:ADS" redirects here. For {{Wikipedia ads}} use WP:BANNER. See also Wikipedia:Advertisements
- "WP:SPAM" redirects here. For Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam, use WP:WPSPAM.
- For inappropriate Wikipedian canvassing (which is also sometimes referred to as internal "spamming"), see Wikipedia:Canvassing.
- For Wikipedia policy regarding promotion, see WP:PROMOTION.
There are three types of wikispam. These are: advertisements masquerading as articles; external link spamming; and adding references with the aim of promoting the author or the work being referenced.
Advertisements masquerading as articles[සංස්කරණය]
Articles considered advertisements include those that are solicitations for a business, product or service, or are public relations pieces designed to promote a company or individual. Wikispam articles are usually noted for sales-oriented language and external links to a commercial website. However, a differentiation should be made between spam articles and legitimate articles about commercial entities.
Blatant examples of advertising masquerading as articles can be speedily deleted by tagging the articles with {{db-spam}}. The same applies to pages in userspace. Other advertisements posted on Wikipedia can be dealt with by either proposed deletion or listing them on Wikipedia:Articles for deletion. On some occasions, the content can be removed temporarily on the basis of a suspected copyright violation, since the text is often copied from another website and posted anonymously. Before trying to get an advertisement masquerading as an article deleted, please check the article's history to see if an acceptable article exists there. If so, please revert to the latest acceptable version of the article.
When an article on an otherwise encyclopedic topic has the tone of an advertisement, the article can often be salvaged by rewriting it in a neutral point of view. Elements of articles about products or services with brand names can also be combined under a common topic or category to facilitate unbiased and collaborative information by including information about the competition and about different alternatives.
Tagging articles with spam or prone to spam[සංස්කරණය]
Some articles, especially those pertaining to Internet topics, are prone to aggressive spamming from multiple websites.
If articles have spam, and you haven't the time or ability to remove it, you can tag them with {{Cleanup-spam}}
. This template expands to the following:
This page or section may contain link spam masquerading as content. |
Another possible tag to use is {{Advert}}
, which expands to the following:
මෙම ලිපිය තුළ වෙළෙඳ දැන්වීමක් ආකාරයේ අන්තර්ගතයක් පවතියි. |
The third useful template is a substituted template {{subst:No more links}}, visible only while the page is being edited. After spam links have been removed from a Wikipedia article, this template can be substituted into the top of the external links section of the frequently spammed article as a pre-emptive measure.
<!--======================== {{No more links}} ============================ | PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. Wikipedia | | is not a collection of links nor should it be used for advertising. | | | | Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. | | See [[Wikipedia:External links]] & [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. | | | | If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or | | replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link | | to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) | | and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. | ======================= {{No more links}} =============================-->
Finally to advise the Wikipedia community to watch an article for abuse you can add to the talk page (under the project banners and other page header stuff, but before any discussions) {{subst:Prone to spam}} which looks like this:
This article is prone to spam. Please monitor the References and External links sections. |
External link spamming[සංස්කරණය]
Adding external links to an article or user page for the purpose of promoting a website or a product is not allowed, and is considered to be spam. Although the specific links may be allowed under some circumstances, repeatedly adding links will in most cases result in all of them being removed.
Source soliciting[සංස්කරණය]
Source solicitations are messages on article talk pages which explicitly solicit editors to use a specific external source to expand an article. The current consensus on Wikipedia is that templates, categories and other forms of anonymous solicitation are inappropriate. Every article on Wikipedia can be expanded as a matter of course, but the question is in the details on a per-article basis. It is not possible to simply say "all articles of X type can be expanded using Y source".
There is no hard rule on when this crosses over from being a legitimate attempt to improve the article into being internal spam, but some guidelines and questions to consider:
- Is the solicitation being made anonymously through the use of a template or Category?
- Is the solicitation being duplicated across many articles at the same time, particularly when the articles relate to different topics?
- Has there been no discussion (of a specific and substantive nature) on why the source should be used in each article?
- Is the source controversial, such as being non-peer reviewed, old or polemic (see Wikipedia:Reliable sources)?
- Is the source a commercial one?
External link spamming with bots[සංස්කරණය]
A few parties now appear to have a spambot capable of spamming wikis from several different wiki engines, analogous to the submitter scripts for guestbooks and blogs. They have a database of a few hundred wikis. Typically they insert external links. Like blog spam, their aim is to improve their search engine rankings, not to directly advertise their product.
If you see a bot inserting external links, please consider checking the other language wikis to see if the attack is widespread. If it is, please contact a sysop on the Meta-Wiki; they can put in a Wikimedia-wide text filter. Any Meta sysop can edit the Wikimedia-wide spam blacklist to add or remove the patterns that are recognized by the filter, with the changes taking effect immediately. New links can also be added to the list if a new spammer should start making the rounds.
Sysops are authorised to block unauthorised bots on sight. Spam bots should be treated equivalently as vandalbots. Edits by spambots constitute unauthorised defacement of websites, which is against the law in many countries, and may result in complaints to ISPs and (ultimately) prosecution.
The link spam problem extends far beyond Wikimedia projects, and is generally worse on smaller wikis where the community struggles to keep it clean. meta:Wiki Spam page (now obsolete) has some more general information and advice for users of wikis elsewhere on the Internet, while the MediaWiki Anti-Spam Features page describes features available in MediaWiki (for administrators running this software).
Inclusion of one spam link is not a reason to include another[සංස්කරණය]
Many times users can be confused by the removal of spam links because other links that could be construed as spam have been added to the article and not yet removed. The inclusion of a spam link should not be construed as an endorsement of the spam link, nor should it be taken as a reason or excuse to include another.
Affiliate links[සංස්කරණය]
Even if they are related to the subject or is an official page for the subject, external links containing affiliate or referral codes are considered spam.
Adding links to online free videos that promote a site or product is not allowed [see exception below]. Often these videos have been uploaded in violation of their copyright, which adds an additional reason for not linking to them. A video is a spamming video if:
- It has a banner plastered across the video giving you a website address to go to.
- It has links on the video page—the page that plays the video—that go to a commercial site or to another spamming video, even if it is only one link among many legitimate links. — [see exception below]
- It has text at this video page that would lead readers to a specific commercial site. For example, "book available at xyzBooks dot net" — [see exception below]
- It is a clone of a video that has been deleted. Here is how this typically happens: (1) A spammer posts a video in violation of a copyright (2) the copyright holder (or other party) notifies the Video sharing service that the video is not authorized (3) the video sharing service reviews that claim (4) the video sharing service deletes the video (5) the spammer posts the video again. Note: The ID in the address for the video at the video sharing service changes when this happens.
- Exception: Generally, a video is not a spamming video if it refers to the official site associated with the Wikipedia article. For example, if the Wikipedia article is on a movie named "xyzMovie" and the official site for the movie is "xyzMovie.com" then links or references to "xyzMovie.com" are legitimate for a video at a video sharing page—however, all other links at that video page still must also be legitimate. Some judgement is needed here. If the posted video just advertises a bunch of products associated with the movie, then it is a spamming video even though it refers to the official site.
Sometimes Wikipedia sees bookspam, which is the insertion of text mentioning books to call attention to the books, rather than to contribute to the article. This often takes the form of inserting book listings into reference sections although the book is not used as the source of any information in the article. Bookspam is also seen as the addition of books to "external links", "further reading" or similar sections, although the books added do not add any useful and relevant information.
Citation spam[සංස්කරණය]
Citation spamming is the illegitimate or improper use of citations, footnotes or references. Citation spamming is a form of search engine optimization or promotion that typically involves the repeated insertion of a particular citation or reference in multiple articles by a single contributor. Often these are added not to verify article content but rather to populate numerous articles with a particular citation. Variations of citation spamming include the removal of multiple valid sources and statements in an article in favor of a single, typically questionable or low-value, web source. Citation spamming is a subtle form of spam and should not be confused with legitimate good-faith additions intended to verify article content and help build the encyclopedia.
Avoiding giving an opportunity to spammers[සංස්කරණය]
Examples in articles tend to attract spam, as in these sentences:
- For example, Chevron Corporation has ...
- Social networking has flourished with websites such as Friendster and MySpace, ...
- Examples of detergents include Tide, ...
- The most notable MLM companies are Amway, ...
- Many people feel Dr Pepper is the best tasting soft drink ... (this is also weasel wording)
- Many blogs arose discussing this (see e.g. Some blog); ...
Such sentences tend to attract editors to add more examples because it is far easier to add a link to the end of this kind of sentence than to add encyclopedic content. Examples should only be given if they highly relevant to the article topic, and should always be sourced with independent, reliable sources.
How not to be a spammer[සංස්කරණය]
Sometimes, people come to Wikipedia with the intention of spamming—creating articles which are mere advertisements or self-promotion, or adding external links to a web site over many articles.
Some people spam Wikipedia without meaning to. That is, they do things which Wikipedians consider to be spamming, without realizing that their actions are not in line with building an encyclopedia. A new editor who owns a business may see that there are articles about other businesses on Wikipedia, and conclude that it would be appropriate to create his own such article. A web site operator may see many places in Wikipedia where his or her site would be relevant, and quickly add several dozen links to it.
The following guidelines are intended to suggest how not to be a spammer—that is, how to mention a web site, product, business, or other resource without appearing to the Wikipedia community that you are trying to abuse Wikipedia for self-promotion.
- Review your intentions. Wikipedia is not a space for personal promotion or the promotion of products, services, web sites, fandoms, ideologies, or other memes. If you are here to tell readers how great something is, or to get exposure for an idea or product that nobody has heard of yet, you are in the wrong place. Likewise, if you are here to make sure that the famous Wikipedia cites you as the authority on something (and possibly pull up your sagging PageRank) you will probably be disappointed, because Wikipedia uses nofollow on all external links, thereby causing search engines to effectively ignore them.
- Contribute cited text, not bare links. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not a link farm. If you have a source to contribute, first contribute some facts that you learned from that source, then cite the source. Do not simply direct readers to another site for the useful facts; add useful facts to the article, then cite the site where you found them. You are here to improve Wikipedia—not just to funnel readers off Wikipedia and onto some other site, right? (If not, see No. 1 above.)
- The References section is for references. A reference directs the reader to a work that the writer(s) referred to while writing the article. The References section of a Wikipedia article is not just a list of related works; it is specifically the list of works used as sources. Therefore, it can never be correct to add a link or reference to References sections if nobody editing the text of the article has actually referred to it.
- Do not make a new article for your own product or web site. Most often, when a person creates a new article describing his or her own work, it is because the work is not yet well-known enough to have attracted anyone else's attention, much less independent and reliable sources against which the content can be verified. Articles of this sort are usually deleted. Wikipedia does indeed have articles about popular products and web sites, but it is not acceptable to use Wikipedia to popularize them.
- If your product is truly relevant to an article, others will agree—try the talk page. We usually recommend that editors be bold in adding directly to articles. But if the above advice makes you concerned that others will regard your contribution as spam, you can find out without taking that risk: describe your work on the article's talk page, asking other editors if it is relevant.
- Do not add an external link to your signature. However, external links to Wikimedia projects are exempt from this rule. For example, Wikimedia Meta-Wiki. (Although Interwiki links are preferable to external links for that purpose.)
Warning spammers[සංස්කරණය]
{{subst:uw-spam1}} is a useful "first warning" to put on the Talk page of a spammer. For new users, an alternative, {{subst:welcomespam}}, may be used for users who may have added spam or inappropriate external links in good faith.
Subsequent offenses can be tagged with {{subst:uw-spam2}}, then {{subst:uw-spam3}} (warning of possible block) and {{subst:uw-spam4}} (final warning). If an editor spams numerous articles in a systematic fashion, they may be warned with {{subst:uw-spam4im}} as the only warning that they will receive before they are blocked. The template {{subst:uw-sblock}} indicates that the spammer has been blocked.
If you have tagged an article for speedy deletion with {{db-spam}} because it is blatant spam, you may add {{subst:spam-warn}} to the originating editor's talk page to warn them of the impending deletion, and to allow them to possibly edit the article so it is no longer spam.
Please remember to substitute these templates using for example {{subst:uw-spam1}} instead of {{uw-spam1}}.
Dealing with spam[සංස්කරණය]
Sometimes an article attracts so many improper external links that it "crosses the spam event horizon". Removing all the links and using the {{dmoz}} template to place a single external link to the appropriate DMOZ category can provide much-needed relief.
See also[සංස්කරණය]
- Template:Advert – add to salvageable articles written like an advertisement
- Template:Example farm – add when an article has poor or irrelevant examples
- Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam – to report spammers
- Wikipedia:Spam blacklist
- Wikipedia:Replies to common objections#Advertisers
- Wikipedia:External links – more guidance and policy on which external links should be included and which should not.
- Wikipedia:Notability (organizations and companies) – determining whether an organization is notable enough for inclusion
- Wikipedia:Spam event horizon
- Wikipedia:Advertisements
- Wikipedia:Vanispamcruftisement


text:
Study: Beauty marketing gone social; marketing forays suggest untapped promise
PARSIPPANY, N.J. — Beauty brands rapidly are moving ahead with their social and mobile strategies to allow viral campaigns and create new consumer relations opportunities. But there's no cookie-cutter approach, and brands are experimenting with what approaches work best for their business, according to a new report by consulting and research firm Kline.
The "Beauty Marketing 2011: U.S. Promotional Activities and Strategies Assessment" report found that during the recent holiday season, marketers ramped up their viral campaigns to attract consumers who turned to social media platforms for the best deals on their personal care products. However, social media is not the only tool marketers are experimenting with to connect with consumers; couponing and price promotions are experiencing a comeback, strengthened by consumer desire for special offers and free or discounted items. Yet, Kline noted, even traditional couponing is being challenged by the growing trend of mobile marketing, where marketers are finding that mobile couponing offers significant advantages over paper-based forerunners in delivering higher redemption rates and encouraging impulse purchases.
Such traditional marketing methods as broadcast and print media and in-store merchandising have been long-standing marketing tools. Yet within these established tools, marketers are both threatened by new technologies that allow potential customers to screen out TV commercials, and are constrained by inflexible publication dates and comparatively high costs. Social media's real-time adaptability and keyword-based targeting strongly complement the parallel of traditional and proven marketing efforts, and concurrently tap into a savvy, trendsetting demographic.
The study found that cutting-edge beauty marketers are experimenting with a range of social media platforms by establishing a presence on such websites as Facebook, YouTube or localized Foursquare, where they can connect with the community and more accurately target a given demographic. The marketers are tapping into the emerging potential of "f-commerce" and "m-commerce" that blur the line between social media as pure communication tool and as an emerging sales channel. These marketing forays, still in their infancy, invite cautious optimism but suggest great untapped promise for marketers, according to Kline.
"Consumers now have the ability to do extensive real-time evaluations on products and prices before they purchase," noted Donna Barson, senior associate at Kline's Consumer Products practice. "The growing ubiquity of new, on-the-go technologies, such as smartphones and tablets, are also creating a better-informed and more accessible consumer."
"The landscape for marketing beauty products has changed dramatically over the last several years, with brands moving from traditional advertising as promotional vehicles, to also include social marketing, mobile marketing, enhanced loyalty programs, new sampling methods and more," Barson continued. "However, there is no cookie-cutter approach to all, and brands are experimenting with what approaches work best with their business model, their consumer base and the image they want to project."


text:
Advanced Search
Book Reviews
An excellent starting point for managers and developers who want the basics on distributed services
One of the major advances of Windows 2000 is the extensive use of distributed services such as Active Directory, Kerberos, PKI, COM+ and more. This book by David Chappell is an excellent overview for managers and developers who want to learn more about Win2K. The book is well designed, with clear descriptions of each of the major distributed services in Win2K. It's also loaded with useful diagrams which help to set the distributed services picture in the reader's mind.
The book is meant as an overall guide and as such doesn't into great detail about each service. Rather, it gives the reader an understanding of each service's purpose and capabilities. Understanding Microsoft Windows 2000 Distributed Services is a great starting point if you need to learn about these services.
About the Author
Stewart Cawthray, MCSE, ITIL Service Manager, is an IT management consultant for Hewlett-Packard.
More TechLibrary
More Webcasts


text:
About Us
Whether it's talking trash about John Cena, keeping you updated on the latest blockbuster comic movie, or keeping you posted on the latest UFC event, we try to give guys something to do while bored at work, at school, or whenever. While we're proud that we have come a long way from our origins as a wrestling site, we like to think we continue to maintain an independent voice.
Please refer to our Terms of Service for other questions. We do not intentionally violate any copyrights. If you feel that something on our sites violates or misuses your copyright, please contact us and we will take down the item in question within 24 hours.
Our writers and contributors are not paid staff members or employees, they are independent bloggers.


text:
© 2024, Pluraldesign.in
Sarovar Hotels
Interior design Facility Planning Services Coordination
Taniya joined Plural Design in 2018 as a project Architect. She did her Bachelor's in Architecturefrom Aayojan School of architecture, Jaipur. Prior to joining Plural design,Taniya worked with Image design, a high end Delhi based interior firm gaining enriching experience in Interiors in high end projects for PVR, Apollo, Dhampur mills and Ministry of External Affairs among others. A self-motivated and patient person, her core interest lies primarily in hospitality and commercial projects. Herresponsibilities include architectural design development, service coordination, team supervision and design management.
Nibha joined Plural design as an assistant architect in the year 2010. She did her bachelor of Architecture from Aayojan School of architecture, Jaipur. Beginning with handling one project at a time and learning through each project, she has impressively developed her skills and aptitude to handle design development, detailing, coordination with consultants and drawings production for several projects simultaneously. Her dedication, eye for detail, meticulous approach to design development and management have been consistently acknowledged by clients.
Divya completed her Bachelor of Architecture from Apeejay School of Architecture, Noida and MBA in Real estate from IP university, Delhi . Being a scholar throughout her college academic journey she won A+D thesis medal for her work. A dynamic person by nature, she is passionate for her work and keeps motivating people around. Before Plural design, she has worked with Morphogenesis, CWG, exhibition events wherein she has pulled experience in large scale projects. Her role includes interior design development, co-ordination, team management and design documentation.
Sagar graduated with a Bachelor's degree in architecture in 2005 from S.P.S.M.B.H's College of Architecture, Kolhapur, Maharashtra and joined Plural Design as an intern architect. His strong ideation capabilities, design skills and commitment has seen him quickly rise up within the organization to independently lead project teams and handle complex technical and coordination issues with structural and MEP consultants. Sagar has also been a project consultant with the State Archeological Survey of India (Maharashtra) for restoration and renovation works of forts within the state. He has also been involved with INTACH for built heritage documentation of the Konkan – Coastal region of Maharashtra.
PRINCIPAL : Plural i-des ASSOCIATE PRINCIPAL : Plural Design Consultants
Indrani completed her Bachelor's degree in Architecture from the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi in 1996 and followed it with a post graduate diploma in Construction Project Management from the prestigious National Institute of Construction Management & Research, New Delhi in 2002. She is an associate member of the Indian Institute of Interior Designers.
Indrani has had a rich and varied experience in hospitality interior design globally with Hirsch Bedner & Associates (HBA), an internationally acclaimed design practice specializing in hospitality projects worldwide. Her stint with HBA for over five years saw her participate in signature projects such as the Ritz Carlton Beijing China (Winner of the 2007 Golden Key Award for Best Hotel Design), Shangri La Chengdu China, Sofitel Sukhumvit Bangkok Thailand, Ritz Carlton Guangzhou China, Shangri La Pudong China and the Royal Orchid Hyderabad India. Her role in these projects included interior design development, co-ordination, team management and design documentation.
Indrani is a founder principal of Plural I'des, the interior design vertical within Plural Design. As part of Plural I'des, she has been responsible for design ideation, design development and coordination for a range of interior design projects in the country, with a focus on the hospitality sector for some of the leading hospitality chains.
Her key competence lies in context assessment, Interior design ideation, hospitality design programming, design development and detailing along with a keen sense and knowledge of materials and lighting, and design coordination.
Ashwani did his undergraduate studies in Architecture from the Centre of Environmental Planning and Technology, Ahmedabad in 1986. He went on to pursue his masters in Architectural Design from the University of Arizona, Tucson, USA. He has been the recipient of University of Arizona Foundation award for outstanding teaching student and was awarded the prestigious scholarship for the Architectural design summer program at the Boston Architecture Centre conducted by the internationally acclaimed Kevin Rosch.
Prior to his return to India, Ashwani has worked in the internationally renowned offices of Raffial Vinolli and VSP Associates, New York. His competition entry for the West Coast Gateway Project was exhibited at the Los Angeles Museum of Modern Art in 1988. He teaches at the School of Planning and architecture as a visiting professor at the Department of Architecture and leads design studios as a key member. His vast experience with design management, construction processes, materials, technology and resourcefulness are his key competence and responsibility.
Anuj graduated as an architect from Sushant School of Art and Architecture, Gurgaon in 2008. He holds masters in Landscape Architecture from the Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology, Ahmedabad. His research work titled 'Role of anthropogenic processes in evolving Landscapes' was aimed at understanding the relationship between anthropological cultures and the natural resources through time. A sensitive designer, his work was exhibited at the Hobart International Waterfront Design Competition at Australia in 2006. He takes on the role of a design leader and spearheads teams towards carrying out design processes and documentation. Being proficient in design and a motivating team person, his key competence lies in regional resource management and ecological reclamation, cultural landscape and coordination.
Harbir, a 1993 graduate from School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi completed his graduate studies in Landscape Architecture from the same institute. He served as a research fellow at CEEST, University of Massachusetts, USA, looking at environmental geo-technology issues with a globally sustainable development perspective. Harbir's key competence lies in design coordination, site engineering and management. He takes up visiting faculty assignments at School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi at the Department of Landscape Architecture. His lectures deal with 'Professional Practice' and 'Advanced Landscape Engineering', followed up with engineering and design studios.
Sandip Kumar, holds a bachelor's degree in Architecture from the School of Planning and Architecture New Delhi, graduating in 1992. At post graduate level, he received the prestigious India Scholarship from the University of Oxford, UK for the Masters in Science program in Sustainable Urban Development. He is also a post graduate associate at the 'Future of Cities' program of the Institute for Science, Innovation and Society, University of Oxford and a member of the Urban Climate Change Research Network (UCCRN).
At Oxford, Sandip's key research interests were exploring the theory and idea of urban sustainability, and its intersections with the politics and architecture of urban production. These concerns were also central to his dissertation on understanding 'densification' as a strategy of urban sustainability and its influence on design and planning interventions in Delhi. At his under graduate studies, Sandip excelled academically with the best dissertation in class and his studio design project being exhibited at the Venice Biennale, Italy 1990. Sandip received a 'special mention' in the 'Young Architects Award' by the 'Indian Architect and Builder', in the year 2000. He, along with Suneet Mohindru were invited to present their work and thoughts at the prestigious DesignXDesign expose' talks, organized by the Alliance Francais de Delhi, New Delhi in 2014. A design project led by him was also nominated for the NDTV Design and Architecture Award, 2015.
He is a visiting Professor at the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, his alma mater, where he has now been teaching for the last several years. Apart from his role as a tutor and a mentor in the design studio, he has guided several student dissertations and seminars. He has also been on a number of student design juries and was a member of design jury for the India International Trade Fair 2011.
With his leadership quality, vast array of experience, exposure, applied knowledge and professional expertise, Sandip heads the twin studios of Plural Design and Plural I'Des, both as a founder director and design principal. He is also a partner and design principal at Oracles, a landscape design consultancy firm. Sandip has been responsible for, and has led the design process for a variety of prestigious projects, across the categories of residential, hospitality, institutional, commercial and industrial. His work and interests have seen him travel across the globe and acquire extensive exposure while also establishing strong collaborative bonds with leading international practices. Prior to his engagement with Plural Design and Oracles, Sandip has been a coordinating member of an International Consultants consortium for the preparation of the Urban Structure Plan and Techno-Economic Feasibility for Integrated tourism development at Bekal, Kerala. He has also been a project consultant to INTACH for the celebration marking the centenary of re-discovery of Pataliputra, Patna, Bihar in 1996, and for research and documentation on the built heritage of Mehrauli, Delhi in 1994.
His key competence lies in context assessment, design ideation, sustainable urbanism and development, urban design, master plans, programming, architectural design and coordination.


text:
Watch live: PM's former adviser Dominic Cummings gives evidence on the government's handling of the pandemic
Downing Street is braced for more explosive revelations from the Prime Minister's former chief advisor Dominic Cummings as he makes a much-anticipated appearance before MPs on Wednesday.
Mr Cummings has been vocal in his condemnation of Boris Johnson, Health Secretary Matt Hancock, and others since leaving Government after a behind-the-scenes power struggle in November.
Hide AdAdvertisement
Hide AdAhead of giving evidence to the Commons Health and Social Care and Science and Technology Committees, Mr Cummings set out his criticisms of the Government's approach to the pandemic in a thread of messages on Twitter, claiming the original response to the coronavirus outbreak was to pursue a strategy of "herd immunity".
Series of tweets teases revelations
In a series of explosive tweets, he said the policy, to build up resistance in the population by allowing some spread of the disease, was only dropped in March last year after a warning it would lead to a "catastrophe".
Multiple Cabinet ministers have denied this was the case, and the Prime Minister's official spokesman told reporters: "Herd immunity from infection has never been government policy."
The spokesman added: "At all times we have been guided by the data and the latest evidence we have had through this coronavirus pandemic."
Hide AdAdvertisement
Hide AdHe added: "As our understanding of the virus progressed, more data became available, it was clear that a national lockdown was needed to suppress the curve, save lives and protect the NHS from being overwhelmed."
When he last appeared before MPs in March, Mr Cummings said the Department of Health and Social Care was reduced to a "smoking ruin" by the coronavirus pandemic.
Ahead of Wednesday's session, ITV's Robert Peston reported on Tuesday that Mr Cummings will allege the PM said "Covid is only killing 80-year-olds" in a bid to delay the autumn lockdown.
Downing Street did not deny Mr Johnson made the remarks, but when asked about the report said: "There is a huge task for this Government to get on with.
Hide AdAdvertisement
Hide Ad"We are entirely focused on recovering from the pandemic, moving through the road map and distributing vaccines while delivering on the public's priorities.
"Throughout this pandemic, the Government's priority has been to save lives, protect the NHS and support people's jobs and livelihoods across the United Kingdom."
Labour deputy leader Angela Rayner said the alleged comments were "utterly disgraceful".
Covid plan 'turned out to be part disaster, part non-existent'
Mr Cummings has also hit out at various parts of the Government's response, despite being employed by No 10 for a large part of the pandemic.
Hide AdAdvertisement
Hide AdHe dubbed the policy at the UK's borders a "joke" and said: "The Covid plan was supposed to be 'world class' but turned out to be part disaster, part non-existent."
In his series of tweets earlier this week he slammed alleged "secrecy" in Government plans and said mass testing should have been developed much earlier.
And he was insistent herd immunity – to build up resistance in the population by allowing some spread of the disease – was the Government's original plan before ministers were told this would lead to "catastrophe".
No 10 also faced questions after a Sunday Times report suggested officials fear Mr Cummings will use his appearance before MPs to accuse Mr Johnson of missing key meetings on the crisis because he was working on a biography of Shakespeare, because he needed the money to fund his divorce from Marina Wheeler, his second wife.
Hide AdAdvertisement
Hide AdAsked if the Prime Minister had spent time on the book, his official spokesman said: "No, not that I'm aware of."
The Prime Minister has been "ensuring the public are kept as protected as possible during this global pandemic", the spokesman added.
The relationship between Mr Johnson and Mr Cummings is thought to have soured after a briefing war over the so-called "chatty rat" leak of plans for a second lockdown.
No 10 accused Mr Cummings of a series of damaging leaks, including text message exchanges between Mr Johnson and the entrepreneur Sir James Dyson.
Hide AdAdvertisement
Hide AdBut the claim led Mr Cummings to post an incendiary blog post with a number of damaging allegations against the PM.
Mr Cummings' evidence session takes place a day after the anniversary of his sensational press conference in No 10's rose garden, where he sought to justify breaking lockdown rules with a trip to County Durham and Barnard Castle in late March 2020.


text:
2020 Euro-US Dollar (EUR/USD) chart
Euro to US Dollar useful informations
Euro (EUR, €) is the official currency of 17 European Countries - however it is not the official currency of GB, nor Switzerland and Norway. (These three are not even the memebers of the European Union.). Its fractional unit is Cent, 1 EUR = 100 Cent(s). It was first introduced as an accounting currency on 1999-01-01.
US Dollar (USD, $) is currency of United States, American Samoa (AS), Barbados (BB) (as well as Barbados Dollar), Bermuda (BM) (as well as Bermudian Dollar), British Indian Ocean Territory (IO) (also uses GBP), British Virgin Islands (VG), Caribbean Netherlands (BQ - Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba), Ecuador (EC), El Salvador (SV), Guam (GU), Haiti (HT), Marshall Islands (MH), Federated States of Micronesia (FM), Northern Mariana Islands (MP), Palau (PW), Panama (PA) (as well as Panamanian Balboa), Puerto Rico (PR), Timor-Leste (TL), Turks and Caicos Islands (TC), U.S. Virgin Islands (VI), United States Minor Outlying Islands. Its fractional unit is Cent, 1 USD = 100 Cent(s).
Though charts were tested thoroughly and we only use reliable datasources like OpenExchangeRates.org, charts serve for informational use only. They can not be applied for investment purposes. Intraday charts are in UTC time zone.
*Embed this chart with your brand!
*Need just a few charts? Scalable chart solution that keep your visitors coming back. Check it out now!>>
2018 Euro-US Dollar (EUR/USD) chart
2020 Euro-US Dollar (EUR/USD) chart
2021 Euro-US Dollar (EUR/USD) chart
2022 Euro-US Dollar (EUR/USD) chart
2023 Euro-US Dollar (EUR/USD) chart
2024 Euro-US Dollar (EUR/USD) chart
AUD-EUR historical data
Compare this with other rates! (After click: Load built-in data.)
Dollar Euro exchange rate chart
Dollar Euro exchange rate graph
Dollar to Euro historical chart
Dollar to Euro history chart 20 year
EUR to USD graph historical
EUR to USD historical data
EUR-AUD historical data
EUR-CAD historical data
EUR-SGD historical data
EUR-USD chart history
EUR-USD daily historical data
EUR-USD exchange rate graph
EUR-USD exchange rate historical data
EUR-USD historical chart
EUR-USD historical data
EUR-USD historical data Yahoo
EUR-USD historical data download
EUR-USD historical data excel
EUR-USD historical prices
EUR-USD history data
EUR-USD hourly historical data
EUR-USD yearly chart
Euro Dollar exchange rate chart
Euro Dollar exchange rate historical data
Euro Dollar historical data
Euro currency history chart
Euro to Dollar exchange rate graph
Euro to Dollar history 2018 chart
Euro to Dollar history chart
Euro to Dollar history chart
Euro to Dollar history chart 20 year
Euro to Dollar history chart 5 year
Exchange rate USD-EUR historical data
Forex EUR-USD historical data
Historical USD to Euro
History Euro to Dollar
Investing EUR-USD historical data
Other forex chart / currency pair.>>
USD to EUR chart history
USD to EUR historical
USD-EUR exchange rate graph
USD-EUR historical chart
USD/EUR chart (inverse currency pair)
Yahoo finance EUR-USD historical data
Created by Kelemen Szabolcs. Szabolcs Kelemen got his MSc. degree in 2007 and has gained more than 10 years of experience as software developer in multinational environment. He has been interested in finance and investing since the early 2000s. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/szabolcs-kelemen/. Published in category "Forex charts" , HTML code last modified on 2024-07-21. Charts are updated each workday, except for intraday charts. Permalink: https://www.chartoasis.com/eur-usd-forex-chart-2020-year-cop0/.
© Chartoasis Limited Company, H-1116 Budapest, Fehervari str. 133. ground floor 4., - Financial charts and chart software
© Chartoasis Limited Company, H-1116 Budapest, Fehervari str. 133. ground floor 4., - Financial charts and chart software


text:
Data Loggers
Tinytag Ultra 2 Data Loggers..
Tinytag Ultra 2 data loggers are specially designed for indoor temperature and humidity monitoring. They are ideal for monitoring the efficiency of heating, ventilation and air conditioning in offices, workplaces and domestic properties. They are also widely used to help assess the performance of building materials such as insulation, and help evaluate 'before and after' conditions in environmental refit projects. Please refine your search using the filter on the left of this page.
Showing 0 of 0 items found


text:
Powerlines and Wireless Installation Considerations
The Powerline DHP-W lets you access your network using a wireless connection from anywhere within the operating range of your wireless network. Keep in mind that the number, thickness and location of walls, ceilings, or other objects that the wireless signals must pass through may limit the range. Typical ranges vary depending on the types of materials and background RF (radio frequency) noise in your home or business. The key to maximizing wireless range is to follow these basic guidelines:
1. Keep the number of walls and ceilings between the wireless DHP device and other network devices to a minimum. Each wall or ceiling can reduce your adapter's range by 3-90 feet (1-30 meters). Position your devices so that the number of walls or ceilings is minimized.
2. Be aware of the direct line between network devices. A wall that is 1.5 feet thick (.5 meters) at a 45-degree angle appears to be almost 3 feet (1meter) thick. At a 2-degree angle it looks over 42 feet (14 meters) thick! Position devices so that the signal will travel straight through a wall or ceiling (instead of at an angle) for better reception.
3. Building materials make a difference. A solid metal door or aluminium studs may have a negative effect on range. Try to position the wireless DHP device and any computers so that the signal passes through drywall or open doorways. Materials and objects such as glass, steel, metal, walls with insulation, water (fish tanks), mirrors, file cabinets, brick, and concrete will degrade your wireless signal.
4. Keep your product away from (at least 3-6 feet or 1-2 meters) other electrical devices or appliances that generate RF noise.
5. If you are using 2.4GHz cordless phones or wireless products such as ceiling fans, lights, or home security systems, your wireless connection may degrade dramatically or drop completely. Make sure your 2.4GHz phone base unit is as far away from your wireless devices as possible. The base transmits a signal even if the phone is not in use.
These may also help:
- Powerline Installations Considerations Read Answer
- Why can my two powerline adapters not connect? Read Answer
- Why is my power-line ethernet adapter slower than 200Mbps? Read Answer
- Why is my powerline ethernet adapter slower than advertised? Read Answer
- Why won't my two DHP powerline devices connect together? Read Answer


text:
Celebration of Life Services
Are you interested in having a one-of-a-kind service to honor your loved one's life? A celebration of life service might just be what you're looking for. Our team is happy to help you plan a personalized service for your loved one. We're here to discuss what you and your family want included in your loved one's celebration of life ceremony.
What is a Celebration of Life?
A celebration of life service is a time for loved ones to gather and celebrate what made their loved one unique.
A celebration of life ceremony is similar to a funeral service, but it gives families more options for creativity and often takes place after the funeral. It's about family and friends coming together to share memories of their loved one and what made them special.
With a personalized service, your family can truly honor who your loved one was. For instance, if your loved one was a wine connoisseur, your service could include a toast to them. Another idea is to choose decorations or memorabilia to display based on their hobbies or interests. You could even use the service as a time for everyone to gather at a special place to scatter their ashes.
The celebration of life ceremony can take place at our funeral home or at a venue of your choice. We are available to help you plan exactly what you want.
Celebration of Life Service Ideas
Celebration of life ceremonies can be anything that your family desires, but some ideas to give you some inspiration include:
- Having a releasing ceremony to honor your loved one's life.
- Holding the service in a unique location like a local park or restaurant.
- Inviting a local band to play at the service.
- Making all your loved ones' favorite foods or ordering catering from their favorite restaurant.
- Having funeral guests read poems or scriptures that remind them of your loved one.
Want to Learn More About Celebration of Life Services?
Our staff can help your family plan a meaningful celebration of life service that honors your loved one's life. Because we understand that your loved one was a one-of-a-kind person who deserves a one-of-a-kind ceremony.
Visit our funeral home or contact us to discuss celebration of life ideas.


text:
by Calculated Risk on 3/27/2012 12:15:00 PM
Tuesday, March 27, 2012
Real House Prices and Price-to-Rent Ratio decline to late '90s Levels
Another Update: Case-Shiller, CoreLogic and others report nominal house prices. It is also useful to look at house prices in real terms (adjusted for inflation) and as a price-to-rent ratio.
Below are three graphs showing nominal prices (as reported), real prices and a price-to-rent ratio. Real prices, and the price-to-rent ratio, are back to late 1998 and early 2000 levels depending on the index.
Nominal House Prices
Click on graph for larger image.
The first graph shows the quarterly Case-Shiller National Index SA (through Q4 2011), and the monthly Case-Shiller Composite 20 SA and CoreLogic House Price Indexes (through January) in nominal terms as reported.
In nominal terms, the Case-Shiller National index (SA) is back to Q3 2002 levels, the Case-Shiller Composite 20 Index (SA) is back to January 2003 levels, and the CoreLogic index is back to February 2003.
Real House Prices
The second graph shows the same three indexes in real terms (adjusted for inflation using CPI less Shelter). Note: some people use other inflation measures to adjust for real prices.
In real terms, the National index is back to Q4 1998 levels, the Composite 20 index is back to February 2000, and the CoreLogic index back to August 1999.
In real terms, all appreciation in the '00s - and more - is gone.
In October 2004, Fed economist John Krainer and researcher Chishen Wei wrote a Fed letter on price to rent ratios: House Prices and Fundamental Value. Kainer and Wei presented a price-to-rent ratio using the OFHEO house price index and the Owners' Equivalent Rent (OER) from the BLS.
Here is a similar graph using the Case-Shiller National, Composite 20 and CoreLogic House Price Indexes.
This graph shows the price to rent ratio (January 1998 = 1.0).
On a price-to-rent basis, the Case-Shiller National index is back to October 1998 levels, the Composite 20 index is back to February 2000 levels, and the CoreLogic index is back to August 1999.
In real terms - and as a price-to-rent ratio - prices are mostly back to late 1990s or early 2000 levels, and will all probably be back to late '90s levels within the next few months.
• Case Shiller: House Prices fall to new post-bubble lows in January


text:
The following is an e-mail I received from family. Feel free to go nuts in the comments. Everything presented as it was, with names removed.
These are all govt stats & are only the tip of the iceberg. What did you expect from a couple disbarred lawyers whose only "job" had been a inner city community worker? Sure will be interesting to see if anyone but non caucasians vote for oboma husain for four more years of these stats.
He is the most inexperience President in our history. He is the most corrupt President in our history. He is the most destructive to our Constitution in our history. Noboma fo fou mo yrs.Subject: Stats


text:
Local News: Daigo Saito Drifts To A Win
Daigo Saito of Team Spark Motorsports joined the pantheon of champions, becoming only the third driver to take the much-coveted crown of the fourth edition of VIP Formula Drift Singapore 2011
Daigo Saito of Team Spark Motorsports joined the pantheon of Champions, becoming only the third driver to take the much-coveted crown of the fourth edition of VIP Formula Drift Singapore 2011 Presented by Achilles Radial at the F1 Pit Building today.
It was a double victory for the team, with the Japanese champion and third-place winner Ken Gushi (USA) propelling Team Spark Motorsports's charge to take home the inaugural Team Championship trophy with 183 points. Singapore is the first formula drift championship in the world to introduce the award for the best team performance.
Following two days of intense competition and volatile weather, Daigo showed consistency and the highest level of precision and car control, conquering the challenging track. Going neck-to-neck with Thai Saranon Pornpatanarak of Team M150 in the final face-off, the Japanese set the tone in the first tandem battle, chasing Saranon and staying mere inches from the Thai – drawing a huge round of applause from the crowd. In the second run, Daigo sped ahead to create an impossible gap for Saranon to match his competitor's move, securing his first victory in Singapore with aplomb.
Recounting the competition, Daigo said, "Happy for the win as it is the first leg of the series, and I am happy to have gotten off to such a great start. It is amazing to be racing on an F1 circuit and the crowd really got behind Formula Drift. It was an encouraging victory, considering that none of them have competed in Singapore before. I am planning on keeping up my performance for the whole series this year with the Spark Motorsport team."
The Thai ace driver will be hoping to carry this form into the remaining rounds of the Formula Drift Asia Championship, which will continue on to Indonesia, Thailand and finishing the year off in Malaysia.
Saranon rued his chance missing out on the top prize, and said, "I came here expecting to be on the podium and am happy with my position in the race. To lose to someone like Daigo who is usually racing in D1 and competing against the best in the world is not so bad."
Gushi won the final place on the podium with a dominating performance over Malaysian Ivan Lau from LTM Bridgestone. Said Gushi, "Formula Drift Asia is a phenomenal series, with highly skilled and competitive drivers, I hope to get more chances to compete against them and raise my own game in the car."
Said Lau, "Ken had a slow start, and I came in too hot in the straight. I slowed down on the first clipping and missed a gear. I had to then upshift to fourth – that mistake cost me the third place today."
Bright sunshine made for a welcome change from yesterday's thunderstorms, as fans were once again treated to a world-class display of drifting prowess. With engines revving high and tyres burning furiously, the crowd had lots to cheer about as the tandem battles began in the morning.
Unlike qualifying on Saturday, which was based on the driver's individual runs on track, Sunday's format was the tandem drift battles where drivers do two laps in tandem, each taking a turn to lead and fighting for the best score across two runs. The drivers were judged on their speed, style, and ability to maintain their drift angle for as long as possible. Battles are always tight and nail-biting, with chasing drivers pushing the limits and trying to better the lead driver.
Organised by ESPN STAR Sports Event Management Group, the Singapore event is the first of a four-leg series for Achilles Asian Drift Series which will be followed by events in Indonesia in October, Thailand in November and the year-end Grand Finale this December in Malaysia.
Credits: wilswong
- Convenient and Hassle-Free
- Consumer Protection
Transparent Process
With No Obligation
Get the Best Price for your used car
from 500+ dealers in 24 hours


text:
Our Story… Heritage, Passion, Love…
Since I was 5 years old, I've been in a restaurant kitchen. It is my life.
Cooking is my passion. My love is my wife, Elizabeth. Her passion is service.
This restaurant is a culmination of our passions, devotions and love.
We hope you will enjoy our efforts to bring you that same passion
in the finest quality food and the areas finest service.
Relax, sit back and enjoy a delicious dining experience.
Your Hosts,
Tom and Elizabeth Wahlstrom
~~~Click here to view interiors images~~~


text:
Bossard Library offers home delivery of Library materials to qualified patrons on a bi-weekly basis. Patrons interested in applying for homebound services must complete an application form. The patron must meet one or more of the following criteria in order to be eligible to apply for homebound services:
a. disabled; b. lack of transportation; and c. homebound elderly.
The Library will try to accommodate all eligible applicants into the schedule, given staffing and resource limitations. There may be a waiting list for the program. Patrons will be added to the schedule in the order in which the original homebound request was made to the Library by means of the homebound application form.
For more information, please call the Library at 740.446.7323 and ask for the Homebound Services Department.


text:
Book Information The Red Kitchen Reader |
See Also | Lore version | ||
75 | 1 | ||
Skill | Sneak | ||
Locations | |||
Found in the following locations:
The interior of Red Kitchen which is described closely matched kitchen of Cheydinhal's Dark Brotherhood Sanctuary. It is possible that cooked meat mentioned is human flesh.
hough naturally modest, I must admit to some pleasure in being dubbed by our Emperor's father, the late Pelagius IV, as "the finest connoisseur in Tamriel." He was also good enough to appoint me the first, and to this day, the only Master of Cuisine in the Imperial Court. Other Emperors, of course, had master chefs and cooks in their staff, but only during the reign of Pelagius was there someone of rarefied tastes to plan the menus and select the finest produce to be served at court. His son Uriel requested that I continue in that position, but I was forced to graciously decline the invitation, because of age and poor health.
This book, however, is not intended to be autobiography. I have had a great many adventures in my life as a knight of fine dining, but my intention for this book is much more specific. Many times I have been asked, "What is the best thing you ever ate?"
The answer to that is not a simple one. Much of the pleasure of a great meal is not only in the food: it is in the setting, the company, the mood. Eat an indifferently cooked roast or a simple stew with your one true love, and it is a meal to be remembered. Have an excellent twelve-course feast with dull company, while feeling slightly ill, and it will be forgotten, or remembered only with distaste.
Sometimes meals are memorable for the experiences that come before them.
Fairly recently, in northern Skyrim, I had a bit of bad luck. I was with a group of fishermen, observing their technique of capturing a very rare, very delicious fish called Merringar. The fish is found only far from shore, so it was a week's voyage out beyond civilization. Well, we found our school of Merringar, but as the fishermen began spearing them, the blood in the water attracted a family of Dreugh, who capsized the boat and everyone on it. I managed to save myself, but the fishermen and all our supplies were lost. Sailing is not, alas, a skill I have picked up over the years, and it took me three weeks, with no provisions, to find my way back to the kingdom of Solitude. I had managed to catch enough small fish to eat raw, but I was still delirious from hunger and thirst. The first meal I had on shore, of Nordic roast boar, Jazbay wine, and, yes, filet of Merringar would have been excellent under any circumstances, but because of the threat of starvation I had faced, it was divine beyond words.
Sometimes meals are even memorable for the experiences that follow them.
In a tavern in Falinesti, I was introduced to a simple peasant dish called Kollopi, delicious little balls of flesh, thick with spices and juice, so savory I asked the proprietress whence they came. Mother Pascost explained that the Kollopi were an arboreal rodent that fed exclusively on the most tender branches of the graht-oak, and I was fortunate enough to be in Valenwood at the time of the annual harvest. I was invited to join with a small colony of Imga monkeys, who alone could gather these succulent little mice. Because they lived only on the slenderest branches of the trees, and only on the ends of those same branches, the Imga had to climb beneath them and jump up to "pick" the Kollopi from their perches. Imga are, of course, naturally dexterous, but I was then relatively young and spry, and they let me help them. While I could never jump as high they could, with practice, I found that if I kept my head and upper body rigid, and launched off the ground with a scissors-like kick, I could reach the Kollopi on the lowest branches of the tree. I believe I gathered three Kollopi myself, though with considerable effort.
To this day, I salivate at the thought of Kollopi, but my mind is on the image of myself and several dozen Imgas leaping around beneath the shade of the graht-oaks.
Then, of course, there are the rare meals memorable for what came before, after, and during the meal, which brings me to the finest thing I ever ate, the meal that began my lifelong obsession with excellent cuisine.
As a child growing up in Cheydinhal, I did not care for food at all. I recognized the value of nutrition, for I was not a complete dullard, but I cannot say that mealtime brought me any pleasure at all. Partly, of course, this was the fault of my family's cook, who believed that spices were an invention of the Daedra, and that good Imperials should like their food boiled, textureless and flavorless. Though I think she was alone in assigning a religious significance to this, my sampling of traditional Cyrodilic cuisine suggests that the philosophy is regrettably common in my homeland.
Though I did not enjoy food per se, I was not a morose, unadventurous child in other respects. I enjoyed the fights in the Arena, of course, and nothing made me happier than wandering the streets of my town, with my imagination as my only companion. It was on one such jaunt on a sunny Fredas in Mid Year that I made a discovery that changed my heart and my life.
There were several old abandoned houses down the street from my own home, and I often played around them, imagining them to be filled with desperate outlaws or haunted by hundreds of evil spirits. I never had the nerve to go inside. In fact, had I not that day seen some other children who had delighted in teasing me in the past, I would never have gone in. But I needed a sanctuary, so I ran into the closest one.
The house seemed to be as desolate on the inside as on the outside, further proof that no one lived there, and had not for some time. When I heard footsteps, I could only assume that the loathsome little urchins I hoped to avoid had followed me in. I escaped to the basement, and from there, past a broken-down wall that led to a well. I could still hear the footsteps above, and I decided that I was still loath to confront my tormentors. Knocking aside the rusty locks on the well, I slipped down below.
The well was dry, but I discovered it was far from empty. There was a sort of a sub-basement to the house, three large rooms that were clean, furnished, and evidently not abandoned at all. My senses told me someone was living in the house, after all: not only my sense of sight, but my sense of smell. For one of the rooms was a large red-painted kitchen, and spread out on the coals of the oven was a roast, carved into small morsels. Passing a beautiful and appropriate bas-relief of a mother carving a roast for her grateful children, I beheld the kitchen and the wonders within.
Like I said, food had never interested me before, but I was transfixed, and even now as I write this, words fail me in describing the rich aroma that hung in the air. It was like nothing I had ever smelled in my family's kitchen, and I was unable to stop myself from popping one of the steaming chunks of meat into my mouth. The taste was magical, the flesh tender and sweet. Before I knew it, I had eaten everything on the stove, and I learned at that very second the truth that that food can and should be sublime.
After gorging myself and having my culinary epiphany, I was conflicted on what to do. Part of me wanted to wait down in that red kitchen until the chef returned, so I could ask him what his secret recipe was for the delicious meat. Part of me recognized that I had stolen into someone's house and eaten their dinner, and it would be wise to leave while I could. That was what I did.
Time and again, I've tried to return to that strange, wonderful place, but Cheydinhal has changed over time. Old houses have been reclaimed, and new houses abandoned. I know what to look for on the inside of the house - the well, the beautiful etching of a woman preparing to carve out a roast for her children, the red kitchen itself - but I have never been able to find the house again. After a while, as I grew older, I stopped trying. It is better as it remains in my memory, the most perfect meal I ever ate.
The inspiration for my life that followed all was cooked up, together with that fabulous meat, right there in the Red Kitchen.


text:
as received by Gillian MacBeth-Louthan
I am Pleiadian of origin. I am feminine of nature and I am love as are you. My energy, my light and my truth is needed at this time and at this place. You will feel my presence as I touch you for you all are contained within my heart as we speak light to light, heart to heart, and truth to truth.
It is important for you as humans to see the beauty in your life, in your day, and in your physical being. You spill so much life force being angry at the way you look the way your life has been, and the cards that you have been dealt. You look at each other with pointed thoughts and sharp words. Your eyes go green and your heart grows cold as you view another who has obtained a little more light, a little more beauty, and a little more prosperity - not because they were born with it, but because they have the gift and ability to see those beautiful qualities in others.
The only way to claim your beauty, your wealth, your health, and your love is to see it in others. For the world mirrors your own reflection. If you do not feel worthy and prosperous, you see that in your own reflection. It is important to address and see the magic of someone winning your lottery games. Congratulate them energetically and send them love as they have energetically earned this monetary gift. See your stock market balancing itself rising in value. See the true energetic value of your home and your car.
Do not focus on depreciation but instead focus on appreciation. Allow what you have ownership of to gain value through you. You receive value when you see the value of others. You gain your beauty when you see the beauty of others. You gain wealth when you rejoice in the good fortune of others. For their good fortune means that your good fortune is right around the next corner, the next thought. Every minute of every day you too shall be blessed if you quietly bless others.
When you see others around you falling deeply in love you too have the opportunity to fall in love or gain love in a marriage that has been sinking in despair. The world reflects your every thought. If you are attracting those who are down in the dumps, sad and desperate, look at your own vibration and make some corrections. Change the way you see the world and you will change yourself. Compliment others on their beauty. The inhabitants of Earth have stopped complimenting each other, honoring each other and it shows in earth's aura.
Gain entrance to the kingdom of light through valuing everything on earth. Value your light and your life and the monumental creation that you are. You are a singular creation of the house of light. The Creator has never created another species like you. That is why you are given charge over the angels, because you are grand in preparation. You are grand in thought and the heart's desires of the Creator are placed within your body mind and spirit.
Everything the earth experiences you experience as well. You often feel so small and paralyzed, with fear. You feel like ants and the cosmic aardvark is out to get you. Look at the great quest that the ants are upon. They keep many of you running around pulling your hair out as you battle them day after day season after season. They outwit you time after time. Do you see how Something so small in mass can make a difference if they join together in one thought and intent. Your destiny is greater than any other creation upon earth.
It is time to prepare your heart to receive more love. A love that is so deep and so big that the sky is jealous for it has never seen such vastness. The palpitations within your heart are the breaking down the walls as the light proclaims "Set my people free. Set my love free. Let my light shine. It is time to Take down all walls and all separations, and let your light shine." On this eve I have gathered you into my heart and now we are one again
Gillian MacBeth-Louthan
PO box 217
Dandridge, Tennessee 37725-0217