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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Composites are formed by combining materials together to form an overall structure that is better than the sum of the individual components
A composite material (also called a composite material or shortened to composite which is the common name) is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual components. The individual components remain separate and distinct within the finished structure. The new material may be preferred for many reasons: common examples include materials which are stronger, lighter, or less expensive when compared to traditional materials. More recently, researchers have also begun to actively include sensing, actuation, computation and communication into composites, which are known as Robotic Materials.
Typical engineered composite materials include:
· mortars, concrete
· Reinforced plastics, such as fiber-reinforced polymer
· Metal composites
· Ceramic composites (composite ceramic and metal matrices)
composite materials are generally used for buildings, bridges, and structures such as boat hulls, swimming pool panels, race car bodies, shower stalls, bathtubs, storage tanks, imitation granite and cultured marble sinks and countertops. The most advanced examples perform routinely on spacecraft and aircraft in demanding environments.
The earliest man-made composite materials were straw and mud combined to form bricks for building construction. Ancient brick-making was documented by Egyptian tomb paintings.
Wattle and daub is one of the oldest man-made composite materials, at over 6000 years old. Concrete is also a composite material, and is used more than any other man-made material in the world. As of 2006, about 7.5 billion cubic metres of concrete are made each year—more than one cubic metre for every person on Earth.
· Woody plants, both true wood from trees and such plants as palms and bamboo, yield natural composites that were used prehistorically by mankind and are still used widely in construction and scaffolding.
· Plywood 3400 BC by the Ancient Mesopotamians; gluing wood at different angles gives better properties than natural wood
· Cartonnage layers of linen or papyrus soaked in plaster dates to the First Intermediate Period of Egypt c. 2181–2055 BC and was used for death masks
· Cob (material) Mud Bricks, or Mud Walls, (using mud (clay) with straw or gravel as a binder) have been used for thousands of years.
· Concrete was described by Vitruvius, writing around 25 BC in his Ten Books on Architecture, distinguished types of aggregate appropriate for the preparation of lime mortars. For structural mortars, he recommended pozzolana, which were volcanic sands from the sandlike beds of Pozzuoli brownish-yellow-gray in colour near Naples and reddish-brown at Rome. Vitruvius specifies a ratio of 1 part lime to 3 parts pozzolana for cements used in buildings and a 1:2 ratio of lime to pulvis Puteolanus for underwater work, essentially the same ratio mixed today for concrete used at sea. Natural cement-stones, after burning, produced cements used in concretes from post-Roman times into the 20th century, with some properties superior to manufactured Portland cement.
· Papier-mâché, a composite of paper and glue, has been used for hundreds of years
· The first artificial fibre reinforced plastic was bakelite which dates to 1907, although natural polymers such as shellac predate it
· One of the most common and familiar composite is fiberglass, in which small glass fiber are embedded within a polymeric material (normally an epoxy or polyester). The glass fiber is relatively strong and stiff (but also brittle), whereas the polymer is ductile (but also weak and flexible). Thus the resulting fiberglass is relatively stiff, strong, flexible, and ductile.
Concrete is the most common artificial composite material of all and typically consists of loose stones (aggregate) held with a matrix of cement. Concrete is an inexpensive material, and will not compress or shatter even under quite a large compressive force. However, concrete cannot survive tensile loading (i.e., if stretched it will quickly break apart). Therefore, to give concrete the ability to resist being stretched, steel bars, which can resist high stretching forces, are often added to concrete to form reinforced concrete.
Fibre-reinforced polymers or FRPs include carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer or CFRP, and glass-reinforced plastic or GRP. If classified by matrix then there are thermoplastic composites, short fiber thermoplastics, long fibre thermoplastics or long fibre-reinforced thermoplastics. There are numerous thermoset composites, including paper composite panels. Many advanced systems usually incorporate aramid fibre and carbon fibre in an epoxy resin matrix.
Shape memory polymer composites are high-performance composites, formulated using fibre or fabric reinforcement and shape memory polymer resin as the matrix. Since a shape memory polymer resin is used as the matrix, these composites have the ability to be easily manipulated into various configurations when they are heated above their activation temperatures and will exhibit high strength and stiffness at lower temperatures. They can also be reheated and reshaped repeatedly without losing their material properties. These composites are ideal for applications such as lightweight, rigid, deployable structures; rapid manufacturing; and dynamic reinforcement.
High strain composites are another type of high-performance composites that are designed to perform in a high deformation setting and are often used in deployable systems where structural flexing is advantageous. Although high strain composites exhibit many similarities to shape memory polymers, their performance is generally dependent on the fiber layout as opposed to the resin content of the matrix.
composites can also use metal fibres reinforcing other metals, as in metal matrix composites (MMC) or ceramic matrix composites(CMC), which includes bone (hydroxyapatite reinforced with collagen fibres), cermet (ceramic and metal) and concrete. Ceramic matrix composites are built primarily for fracture toughness, not for strength.
Organic matrix/ceramic aggregate composites include asphalt concrete, polymer concrete, mastic asphalt, mastic roller hybrid, dental composite, syntactic foam and mother of pearl. Chobham armour is a special type of composite armour used in military applications.
Additionally, thermoplastic composite materials can be formulated with specific metal powders resulting in materials with a density range from 2 g/cm³ to 11 g/cm³ (same density as lead). The most common name for this type of material is "high gravity compound" (HGC), although "lead replacement" is also used. These materials can be used in place of traditional materials such as aluminium, stainless steel, brass, bronze, copper, lead, and even tungsten in weighting, balancing (for example, modifying the centre of gravity of a tennisracquet), vibration damping, and radiation shielding applications. High density composites are an economically viable option when certain materials are deemed hazardous and are banned (such as lead) or when secondary operations costs (such as machining, finishing, or coating) are a factor.
A sandwich-structured composite is a special class of composite material that is fabricated by attaching two thin but stiff skins to a lightweight but thick core. The core material is normally low strength material, but its higher thickness provides the sandwich composite with high bending stiffness with overall low density.
Wood is a naturally occurring composite comprising cellulose fibres in a lignin and hemicellulose matrix. Engineered wood includes a wide variety of different products such as wood fibre board, plywood, oriented strand board, wood plastic composite (recycled wood fibre in polyethylene matrix), Pykrete (sawdust in ice matrix), Plastic-impregnated or laminated paper or textiles, Arborite, Formica (plastic) andMicarta. Other engineered laminate composites, such as Mallite, use a central core of end grain balsa wood, bonded to surface skins of light alloy or GRP. These generate low-weight, high rigidity materials.
Fiber-reinforced composite materials have gained popularity (despite their generally high cost) in high-performance products that need to be lightweight, yet strong enough to take harsh loading conditions such as aerospace components (tails, wings, fuselages, propellers), boat and scull hulls, bicycle frames and racing car bodies. Other uses include fishing rods, storage tanks, swimming pool panels, andbaseball bats. The new Boeing 787 structure including the wings and fuselage is composed largely of composites. Composite materials are also becoming more common in the realm of orthopedic surgery.And It is the most common hockey stick material.
Carbon composite is a key material in today's launch vehicles and heat shields for the re-entry phase of spacecraft. It is widely used in solar panel substrates, antenna reflectors and yokes of spacecraft. It is also used in payload adapters, inter-stage structures and heat shields of launch vehicles. Furthermore, disk brake systems of airplanes and racing cars are using carbon/carbon material, and the composite material with carbon fibers and silicon carbide matrix has been introduced in luxury vehicles and sports cars.
In 2006, a fiber-reinforced composite pool panel was introduced for in-ground swimming pools, residential as well as commercial, as a non-corrosive alternative to galvanized steel.
In 2007, an all-composite military Humvee was introduced by TPI composites Inc and Armor Holdings Inc, the first all-composite military vehicle. By using composites the vehicle is lighter, allowing higher payloads. In 2008, carbon fiber and DuPont Kevlar (five times stronger than steel) were combined with enhanced thermoset resins to make military transit cases by ECS Composites creating 30-percent lighter cases with high strength.
Pipes and fittings for various purpose like transportation of potable water, fire-fighting, irrigation, seawater, desalinated water, chemical and industrial waste, and sewage are now manufactured in glass-reinforced plastics (GRP).
Composites are made up of individual materials referred to as constituent materials. There are two main categories of constituent materials: matrix and reinforcement. At least one portion of each type is required. The matrix material surrounds and supports the reinforcement materials by maintaining their relative positions. The reinforcements impart their special mechanical and physical properties to enhance the matrix properties. A synergism produces material properties unavailable from the individual constituent materials, while the wide variety of matrix and strengthening materials allows the designer of the product or structure to choose an optimum combination.
Engineered composite materials must be formed to shape. The matrix material can be introduced to the reinforcement before or after the reinforcement material is placed into the mould cavity or onto the mould surface. The matrix material experiences a melding event, after which the part shape is essentially set. Depending upon the nature of the matrix material, this melding event can occur in various ways such as chemical polymerization or solidification from the melted state.
A variety of moulding methods can be used according to the end-item design requirements. The principal factors impacting the methodology are the natures of the chosen matrix and reinforcement materials. Another important factor is the gross quantity of material to be produced. Large quantities can be used to justify high capital expenditures for rapid and automated manufacturing technology. Small production quantities are accommodated with lower capital expenditures but higher labour and tooling costs at a correspondingly slower rate.
Many commercially produced composites use a polymer matrix material often called a resin solution. There are many different polymers available depending upon the starting raw ingredients. There are several broad categories, each with numerous variations. The most common are known as polyester, vinylester, epoxy, phenolic, polyimide, polyamide, polypropylene, PEEK, and others. The reinforcement materials are often fibres but also commonly ground minerals. The various methods described below have been developed to reduce the resin content of the final product, or the fibre content is increased. As a rule of thumb, lay up results in a product containing 60% resin and 40% fibre, whereas vacuum infusion gives a final product with 40% resin and 60% fiber content. The strength of the product is greatly dependent on this ratio.
Martin Hubbe and Lucian A Lucia consider wood to be a natural composite of cellulose fibres in a matrix of lignin.
Polymers are common matrices (especially used for fiber reinforced plastics). Road surfaces are often made from asphalt concrete which uses bitumen as a matrix. Mud (wattle and daub) has seen extensive use. Typically, most common polymer-based composite materials, including fiberglass, carbon fiber, and Kevlar, include at least two parts, the substrate and the resin.
Polyester resin tends to have yellowish tint, and is suitable for most backyard projects. Its weaknesses are that it is UV sensitive and can tend to degrade over time, and thus generally is also coated to help preserve it. It is often used in the making of surfboards and for marine applications. Its hardener is a peroxide, often MEKP (methyl ethyl ketone peroxide). When the peroxide is mixed with the resin, it decomposes to generate free radicals, which initiate the curing reaction. Hardeners in these systems are commonly called catalysts, but since they do not re-appear unchanged at the end of the reaction, they do not fit the strictest chemical definition of a catalyst.
Vinylester resin tends to have a purplish to bluish to greenish tint. This resin has lower viscosity than polyester resin, and is more transparent. This resin is often billed as being fuel resistant, but will melt in contact with gasoline. This resin tends to be more resistant over time to degradation than polyester resin, and is more flexible. It uses the same hardeners as polyester resin (at a similar mix ratio) and the cost is approximately the same.
Epoxy resin is almost totally transparent when cured. In the aerospace industry, epoxy is used as a structural matrix material or as a structural glue.
Shape memory polymer (SMP) resins have varying visual characteristics depending on their formulation. These resins may be epoxy-based, which can be used for auto body and outdoor equipment repairs; cyanate-ester-based, which are used in space applications; and acrylate-based, which can be used in very cold temperature applications, such as for sensors that indicate whether perishable goods have warmed above a certain maximum temperature. These resins are unique in that their shape can be repeatedly changed by heating above their glass transition temperature (Tg). When heated, they become flexible and elastic, allowing for easy configuration. Once they are cooled, they will maintain their new shape. The resins will return to their original shapes when they are reheated above their Tg. The advantage of shape memory polymer resins is that they can be shaped and reshaped repeatedly without losing their material properties. These resins can be used in fabricating shape memory composites.
Cement (concrete), metals, ceramics and sometimes glasses are employed. Unusual matrices such as ice are sometime proposed as in pykecrete.
Differences in the way the fibers are laid out give different strengths and ease of manufacture
Reinforcement usually adds rigidity and greatly impedes crack propagation. Thin fibers can have very high strength, and provided they are mechanically well attached to the matrix they can greatly improve the composite's overall properties.
Fiber-reinforced composite materials can be divided into two main categories normally referred to as short fiber-reinforced materials and continuous fiber-reinforced materials. Continuous reinforced materials will often constitute a layered or laminated structure. The woven and continuous fibre styles are typically available in a variety of forms, being pre-impregnated with the given matrix (resin), dry, uni-directional tapes of various widths, plain weave, harness satins, braided, and stitched.
The short and long fibers are typically employed in compression moulding and sheet moulding operations. These come in the form of flakes, chips, and random mate (which can also be made from a continuous fibre laid in random fashion until the desired thickness of the ply / laminate is achieved).
Common fibers used for reinforcement include glass fibers, carbon fibers, cellulose (wood/paper fiber and straw) and high strength polymers for example aramid. Silicon carbide fibers are used for some high temperature applications.
Concrete uses aggregate, and reinforced concrete additionally uses steel bars (rebar) to tension the concrete. Steel mesh or wires are also used in some glass and plastic products.
Many composite layup designs also include a co-curing or post-curing of the prepreg with various other media, such as honeycomb or foam. This is commonly called a sandwich structure. This is a more common layup for the manufacture of radomes, doors, cowlings, or non-structural parts.
Open-and-closed cell-structured-foams like polyvinylchloride, polyurethane, polyethylene or polystyrene foams, balsa wood, syntactic foams, and honeycombs are commonly used core materials. Open- and closed-cell metal foam can also be used as core materials.
Fabrication of composite materials is accomplished by a wide variety of techniques, including:
· Advanced fiber placement (Automated fiber placement)
· Tailored fiber placement
· Fiberglass spray lay-up process
· Filament winding
· Lanxide process
· Tufting
· Z-pinning
Composite fabrication usually involves wetting, mixing or saturating the reinforcement with the matrix, and then causing the matrix to bind together (with heat or a chemical reaction) into a rigid structure. The operation is usually done in an open or closed forming mold, but the order and ways of introducing the ingredients varies considerably.
Within a mold, the reinforcing and matrix materials are combined, compacted, and cured (processed) to undergo a melding event. After the melding event, the part shape is essentially set, although it can deform under certain process conditions. For a thermoset polymeric matrix material, the melding event is a curing reaction that is initiated by the application of additional heat or chemical reactivity such as an organic peroxide. For a thermoplastic polymeric matrix material, the melding event is a solidification from the melted state. For a metal matrix material such as titanium foil, the melding event is a fusing at high pressure and a temperature near the melting point.
For many moulding methods, it is convenient to refer to one mould piece as a "lower" mould and another mould piece as an "upper" mould. Lower and upper refer to the different faces of the moulded panel, not the mould's configuration in space. In this convention, there is always a lower mould, and sometimes an upper mould. Part construction begins by applying materials to the lower mould. Lower mould and upper mould are more generalized descriptors than more common and specific terms such as male side, female side, a-side, b-side, tool side, bowl, hat, mandrel, etc. Continuous manufacturing uses a different nomenclature.
The moulded product is often referred to as a panel. For certain geometries and material combinations, it can be referred to as a casting. For certain continuous processes, it can be referred to as a profile.
Vacuum bag moulding uses a flexible film to enclose the part and seal it from outside air. Vacuum bag material is available in a tube shape or a sheet of material. A vacuum is then drawn on the vacuum bag and atmospheric pressure compresses the part during the cure. When a tube shaped bag is used, the entire part can be enclosed within the bag. When using sheet bagging materials, the edges of the vacuum bag are sealed against the edges of the mould surface to enclose the part against an air-tight mould. When bagged in this way, the lower mold is a rigid structure and the upper surface of the part is formed by the flexible membrane vacuum bag. The flexible membrane can be a reusable silicone material or an extruded polymer film. After sealing the part inside the vacuum bag, a vacuum is drawn on the part (and held) during cure. This process can be performed at either ambient or elevated temperature with ambient atmospheric pressure acting upon the vacuum bag. A vacuum pump is typically used to draw a vacuum. An economical method of drawing a vacuum is with a venturi vacuum and air compressor.
A vacuum bag is a bag made of strong rubber-coated fabric or a polymer film used to compress the part during cure or hardening. In some applications the bag encloses the entire material, or in other applications a mold is used to form one face of the laminate with the bag being a single layer to seal to the outer edge of the mold face. When using a tube shaped bag, the ends of the bag are sealed and the air is drawn out of the bag through a nipple using a vacuum pump. As a result, uniform pressure approaching oneatmosphere is applied to the surfaces of the object inside the bag, holding parts together while the adhesive cures. The entire bag may be placed in a temperature-controlled oven, oil bath or water bath and gently heated to accelerate curing.
Vacuum bagging is widely used in the composites industry as well. Carbon fiber fabric and fiberglass, along with resins and epoxies are common materials laminated together with a vacuum bag operation.
Woodworking applications
In commercial woodworking facilities, vacuum bags are used to laminate curved and irregular shaped workpieces.
Typically, polyurethane or vinyl materials are used to make the bag. A tube shaped bag is open at both ends. The piece, or pieces to be glued are placed into the bag and the ends sealed. One method of sealing the open ends of the bag is by placing a clamp on each end of the bag. A plastic rod is laid across the end of the bag, the bag is then folded over the rod. A plastic sleeve with an opening in it, is then snapped over the rod. This procedure forms a seal at both ends of the bag, when the vacuum is ready to be drawn.
A "platen" is sometimes used inside the bag for the piece being glued to lie on. The platen has a series of small slots cut into it, to allow the air under it to be evacuated. The platen must have rounded edges and corners to prevent the vacuum from tearing the bag.
When a curved part is to be glued in a vacuum bag, it is important that the pieces being glued be placed over a solidly built form, or have an air bladder placed under the form. This air bladder has access to "free air" outside the bag. It is used to create an equal pressure under the form, preventing it from being crushed.
This process is related to vacuum bag molding in exactly the same way as it sounds. A solid female mold is used along with a flexible male mold. The reinforcement is placed inside the female mold with just enough resin to allow the fabric to stick in place (wet lay up). A measured amount of resin is then liberally brushed indiscriminately into the mold and the mold is then clamped to a machine that contains the male flexible mold. The flexible male membrane is then inflated with heated compressed air or possibly steam. The female mold can also be heated. Excess resin is forced out along with trapped air. This process is extensively used in the production of composite helmets due to the lower cost of unskilled labor. Cycle times for a helmet bag moulding machine vary from 20 to 45 minutes, but the finished shells require no further curing if the molds are heated.
A process using a two-sided mould set that forms both surfaces of the panel. On the lower side is a rigid mould and on the upper side is a flexible membrane made from silicone or an extruded polymer film such as nylon. Reinforcement materials can be placed manually or robotically. They include continuous fibre forms fashioned into textile constructions. Most often, they are pre-impregnated with the resin in the form of prepreg fabrics or unidirectional tapes. In some instances, a resin film is placed upon the lower mould and dry reinforcement is placed above. The upper mould is installed and vacuum is applied to the mould cavity. The assembly is placed into an autoclave. This process is generally performed at both elevated pressure and elevated temperature. The use of elevated pressure facilitates a high fibre volume fraction and low void content for maximum structural efficiency.
RTM is a process using a rigid two-sided mould set that forms both surfaces of the panel. The mould is typically constructed from aluminum or steel, but composite molds are sometimes used. The two sides fit together to produce a mould cavity. The distinguishing feature of resin transfer moulding is that the reinforcement materials are placed into this cavity and the mould set is closed prior to the introduction of matrix material. Resin transfer moulding includes numerous varieties which differ in the mechanics of how the resin is introduced to the reinforcement in the mould cavity. These variations include everything from the RTM methods used in out of autoclave composite manufacturing for high-tech aerospace components to vacuum infusion (for resin infusion see also boat building) to vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM). This process can be performed at either ambient or elevated temperature.
Other types of fabrication include press moulding, transfer moulding, pultrusion moulding, filament winding, casting, centrifugal casting, continuous casting and slip forming. There are also forming capabilities including CNC filament winding, vacuum infusion, wet lay-up, compression moulding, and thermoplastic moulding, to name a few. The use of curing ovens and paint booths is also needed for some projects.
The finishing of the composite parts is also critical in the final design. Many of these finishes will include rain-erosion coatings or polyurethane coatings.
The mold and mold inserts are referred to as "tooling." The mold/tooling can be constructed from a variety of materials. Tooling materials include invar, steel, aluminium, reinforced silicone rubber, nickel, and carbon fiber. Selection of the tooling material is typically based on, but not limited to, the coefficient of thermal expansion, expected number of cycles, end item tolerance, desired or required surface condition, method of cure, glass transition temperature of the material being moulded, moulding method, matrix, cost and a variety of other considerations.
The physical properties of composite materials are generally not isotropic (independent of direction of applied force) in nature, but rather are typically anisotropic (different depending on the direction of the applied force or load). For instance, the stiffness of a composite panel will often depend upon the orientation of the applied forces and/or moments. Panel stiffness is also dependent on the design of the panel. For instance, the fibre reinforcement and matrix used, the method of panel build, thermoset versus thermoplastic, type of weave, and orientation of fibre axis to the primary force.
In contrast, isotropic materials (for example, aluminium or steel), in standard wrought forms, typically have the same stiffness regardless of the directional orientation of the applied forces and/or moments.
The relationship between forces/moments and strains/curvatures for an isotropic material can be described with the following material properties: Young's Modulus, the shear Modulus and the Poisson's ratio, in relatively simple mathematical relationships. For the anisotropic material, it requires the mathematics of a second order tensor and up to 21 material property constants. For the special case of orthogonal isotropy, there are three different material property constants for each of Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus and Poisson's ratio—a total of 9 constants to describe the relationship between forces/moments and strains/curvatures.
Techniques that take advantage of the anisotropic properties of the materials include mortise and tenon joints (in natural composites such as wood) and Pi Joints in synthetic composites.
Shock, impact, or repeated cyclic stresses can cause the laminate to separate at the interface between two layers, a condition known as delamination. Individual fibres can separate from the matrix e.g. fibre pull-out.
Composites can fail on the microscopic or macroscopic scale. Compression failures can occur at both the macro scale or at each individual reinforcing fiber in compression buckling. Tension failures can be net section failures of the part or degradation of the composite at a microscopic scale where one or more of the layers in the composite fail in tension of the matrix or failure of the bond between the matrix and fibers.
Some composites are brittle and have little reserve strength beyond the initial onset of failure while others may have large deformations and have reserve energy absorbing capacity past the onset of damage. The variations in fibers and matrices that are available and the mixtures that can be made with blends leave a very broad range of properties that can be designed into a composite structure. The best known failure of a brittle ceramic matrix composite occurred when the carbon-carbon composite tile on the leading edge of the wing of the Space Shuttle Columbia fractured when impacted during take-off. It led to catastrophic break-up of the vehicle when it re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on 1 February 2003.
Compared to metals, composites have relatively poor bearing strength.
To aid in predicting and preventing failures, composites are tested before and after construction. Pre-construction testing may use finite element analysis (FEA) for ply-by-ply analysis of curved surfaces and predicting wrinkling, crimping and dimpling of composites. Materials may be tested during manufacturing and after construction through several nondestructive methods including ultrasonics, thermography, shearography and X-ray radiography, and laser bond inspection for NDT of relative bond strength integrity in a localized area.
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Angie Barnett ~ Psychic Medium - April 2021
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subset: commoncrawl


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Foot Lining: Fleece
Materials: Suede, Rabbit Fur
Sole: Turtle Vibram
Function and beauty: that's how we stroll.
Whether you're running around town or hanging out at home, Street makes every journey a cozy stroll. With its fur ankle cuff, beaded vamp, soft suede outer, fleece-lined footbed, and Turtle Vibram sole, it's a go-anywhere moccasin that honours traditional design while delivering modern durability.
Beadwork and material colour may vary from photograph


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Top 5 Money Concepts to Teach Your Kids
In this article, you will find:
Establish good financial habits
Top 5 Money Concepts to Teach Your Kids
1. Save for a rainy dayThe cornerstone of healthy personal finance is also something many people struggle with: saving money. From the time your kids are old enough to desire toys, books, and other entertainment items, you should teach them how to save for the things they want to buy.
An allowance is a good tool for this concept. Your child may want a video game that costs $50, but she gets an allowance of only $5 a week. It's her choice: candy or comic books today, or the more expensive item a couple months from now. Almost all personal finance boils down to this essential concept, and it's best to learn from experience.
You can help with this notion another way, by offering to pay interest if your child saves part of her allowance with you, or by matching part of her savings if she starts a bank account - say, you'll contribute 1 dollar for every 5 she puts in the bank. Offer a high rate, so she can immediately see the benefits of not spending her money. Your child may find that momentary desire passes, but the satisfaction that comes from saving money lasts indefinitely.
2. Work hard for your money
Help your child make the connection early in life that money isn't something freely given, but is earned through work. This isn't to say that you should put your small children to work re-roofing your house. Instead, just emphasize that nothing comes free, even if you're tempted to bestow upon your offspring everything that their hearts desire. If you choose to give your kids an allowance, tie it to the successful completion of certain jobs throughout the week. Or you may choose to set a market rate for various tasks.
Age-appropriate chores and rewards are the key. Younger kids can help with simple things like setting the table, where doing the job well isn't as important as learning how to see it through. Older kids can take on more arduous jobs like mowing the lawn, in exchange for greater compensation. You may even encourage them to begin offering their services around the neighborhood.
3. Understand a budget
A budget is a foreign concept to kids (and, it should be said, to many adults). Younger children, especially, simply won't realize that mommy and daddy have a limited amount of money to spend every month. But learning what a budget is, and why it's a good idea, is one of the central pillars of financial literacy.
The best way to teach kids how a budget works is simply to show them. That's not to say that you should open your books up to your children and show them every penny coming in or out (although you may consider sharing some details with teenagers about things like your mortgage payment, car payments, and so on). Instead, just give them a broad sense of how adults have to divide up their money each month.
One easy way to demonstrate this concept is to take a stack of Monopoly money, and tell your child that the stack represents how much money you make every month from work. Then, divide up the bills one at a time to show how much you spend on the house, how much you spend on food, how much you save, how much you give to charitable organizations, and so forth. The denominations aren't important. What's important is showing your children that you have a conscious plan for your money, and that you're on top of the family finances.
Encourage your child to start a budget of his own: Part of his allowance should go to savings, part to charity, and part of it is just for fun. Help your child indentify what he truly values, and budget his money accordingly.


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V-Twin Primary Fluid MVP
AMSOIL Synthetic V-Twin Primary Fluid is purpose-built for bikers who prefer a dedicated primary chaincase lubricant.
AMSOIL V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid is purpose-built for bikers who prefer a dedicated primary chaincase lubricant. Its balanced formulation delivers consistent clutch feel for confident takeoffs, helping riders avoid killing the engine. It also protects components against wear to help riders get the most out of their bikes. V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid is Warranty Secure™ and will not void your motorcycle's warranty. It is a cost-effective, high-performance alternative to original equipment manufacturer (OEM) fluids.
Delivers Consistent Clutch Feel & Smooth Acceleration
V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid is formulated with a balanced additive system that provides consistent clutch performance and feel. It helps riders easily find neutral and promotes smooth acceleration, whether in stop-and-go city conditions or when on the highway. Its superior load-holding capacity helps prevent clutch slip for confident takeoffs.
Download Data Bulletin For Complete Product Information G3302
Protects Against Chain, Gear & Bearing Wear
V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid contains a heavy dose of anti-wear additives to protect the gears, chain and compensator bearing from premature wear. Its superior film strength helps protect against shock-loading, promoting reduced wear and longer component life.
Helps Reduce Operating Temperatures
In extreme heat, V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid's thermally stable synthetic formulation naturally resists the harmful effects of thermal breakdown. It helps components stay cool and achieve optimum performance and life.
Maximizes Energy Efficiency
V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid's balanced formulation reduces energy lost to drag in cold-temperature riding conditions. It promotes smooth shifts at startup and maximizes energy efficiency.
- Delivers consistent clutch feel for confident takeoffs
- Helps prevent clutch slip
- Provides smooth acceleration
- Helps riders easily find neutral
- Protects compensator bearing, chain and gears against wear
Harley Davidson®, Triumph® and pre-2013 INDIAN® bikes.
*All trademarked names are the property of their respective owners and may be registered marks in some countries. No affiliation or endorsement claim, express or implied, is made by their use. All products advertised here are AMSOIL-engineered for use in the applications shown.
V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid is recommended for up to 10,000 miles or one year, whichever comes first.
Warranty Secure™
AMSOIL V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid is Warranty Secure, keeping your factory warranty intact. AMSOIL V-Twin Synthetic Primary Fluid is a high-performance replacement for vehicle manufacturer-branded products and is also backed by the AMSOIL Limited Warranty (G1363). For details, visit www.amsoil.com/warranty/.
Health & Safety
This product is not expected to cause health concerns when used for the intended application and according to the recommendations in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS). An SDS is available via the Internet at www.amsoil.com or upon request at 715-392-7101. Keep Out of Reach of Children. Recycle used oil and bottle.
Download Data Bulletin For Complete Product Information G3302


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The event is family orientated - geared more as a family reunion than a geocaching event - so there were lots of activities to do for the kids.
Zeke participated in an ammo can painting event, and both kids took part in the easter egg hunt.
I took part in a odd-ball container swap. Folks brought unique and different containers, placed them in paper bags, and left them on the table. Later on we all selected a different bag. Think of it as a Christmas gift exchange but with caches (so better!). I ended up with a bouquet of flowers with a cache attached. Stick that sucker in a garden and its gonna be a beast to find.
There were also vendors, a silent auction, and really delicious food.
There was, as you'd expect from a geocaching event, geocaching. Just before the event 16 new geocaches were published that were part of a geocaching bingo contest. I only found one of these, but I did manage to grab 7 other caches that were hidden in the park. I brought my mountain bike with me so I could get some range in, and not spend all my time and energy walking. This proved to be a great time saver (and a great deal of fun).
Headhardhat and the Headhardhatress were also in attendance, as evidenced by this photo:
Abigail participating in the egg hunt.
Zeke and mommy also participated. Zeke got quite the haul of candy and prizes.
A passel of cachers during the anouncements of the silent auction winners.
More cachers listening intently to see who won the silent auction items.
Once everything was over, Abigail chilled in her stroller, eating some delicious snacks.
This was my second Fall Fling, and this one was as enjoyable as the last. I can't wait until the next one.


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Not so big. We got a little snow overnight and woke up to an inch or so Thursday morning. The schools closed, but it was gone by noon. The sun came out and then it did get cold. Below freezing is cold for us. Beth and I walked one cold morning, but not very far. It was too cold for us.
I need to replace the countertop in the main bathroom at the old house in order to get it ready to sell. You may remember that I painted the old formica counter several years ago. The paint held up quite well for quite awhile, but I don't think the renters were as careful as we were and the paint lifted around the sink. I got an estimate at Home Depot for replacing it and they sent the installers out to measure. I was pretty happy to be getting that taken care of. The installer/measurer person wrote it all up and the price quadrupled from the original HD estimate. I was seriously in shock. I think I need to reconsider and figure out a cheaper alternative. Bummer.
It has been that kind of week. Harried and hassled and frustrated. A couple days ago I posted on Facebook that the big quilt I was working on was shaping up to be a big stinky mess. I was discouraged, but pressed on. Yesterday morning I hung it up on the wall to step back and really assess it. The baby, who was supposed to look like he was wrapped in a blanket looked like a hunchback. I squinted and argued with myself trying to believe it was OK and really did just look like a fold in the blanket. I ended up taking it apart and recutting that part. It's better. I did actually start quilting part of it.
Friday afternoon the sun was shining and as I walked past the livingroom window I saw a deer right near the front steps. She seemed to be nibbling on some moss, which seemed harmless enough and I went to get the camera. It was then that I noticed her companion delicately nipping the little green sprouts off one of our bushes further out in the yard and I snapped. I flung open the door and shouted at the deer to "get the ---- out of my yard!" and they scampered away. It's becoming a love/hate thing.
I've been crabby. Underlying all these petty frustrations has been the fact that I've been coughing my lungs out for weeks. Ray told me several times I probably ought to go to the doctor to which I would snap at him that I was "getting better, dammit." Yesterday I woke up feeling truly sick and finally did go see a doctor and came home with antibiotics and cough syrup and steroid nasal spray. I am thinking that I am finally going to start feeling better and when I do I won't feel so tired and bummed out. I clearly need to:


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By Alan
decades now both the U.S. and Europe have suffered the arrogance and the lies
of so-called "climate experts." Mind you, there are some real ones and, when it
comes to global warming and climate change, the interchangeable names for the
lies, they are the ones labeled "deniers" and worse for telling the truth.
fundamental lie is that humans, through their use of fossil fuels, coal, oil
and natural gas, are creating huge amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) which in
turn is warming the Earth. You will hear the lies again when the UN
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change releases its latest report.
report should galvanize the world to take urgent and collective action to curb
climate change," says Frances Beinecke, president of the Natural Resources
Defense Council. "We're almost out of time to avoid the worst…"
We have been told this since the 1980s. It is pure fear mongering.
We have been told this since the 1980s. It is pure fear mongering.
problem for the phony "climate experts" is that the Earth has not warmed in the last 19 years and CO2 plays a minimal role in the alleged warming.
What you never hear the "climate experts" tell you is that CO2 is vital to all
life on Earth because it is the "food" that all vegetation depends upon for
growth. More CO2 is a very good thing and, in the past, its levels in the
atmosphere have been much higher.
On October
24 my eye was caught by a news article that reported that "European Union
leaders agreed on a set of long-term targets on energy and climate change,
Friday, giving financial sweeteners and weakening some objectives along the way
to secure a deal…European leaders committed to cutting carbon emissions by at
least 40% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels, which will be legally binding on
every member state."
One of the
real meteorologists, Anthony Watts, took notice of the EU. "…Anyone who is
expecting a rational re-appraisal of European environment policy—don't
underestimate the blind determination of Europe's green elite to fulfill their
dream of an emission free Europe. They will, in my opinion, happily bomb the
European economy back into the stone age to achieve their ridiculous goal."
November of last year, Holman W. Jenkins, Jr., a columnist for The Wall Street
Journal, took note of Germany's "love affair with renewables (solar and wind
energy) brings high prices, potential blackouts, and worries about
"Like Mao
urging peasants to melt down their pots, pans and farm tools to turn China into
a steel-producing superpower overnight, Germany dished out subsidies to
encourage homeowners and farms to install solar panels and windmills and sell
energy back to the power company at inflated prices. Success—Germany now gets
25% of its power from renewables—has turned out to be a disaster."
noted that not only had Germany's output of carbon dioxide increased, but
"money-strapped utilities have switched to burning cheap American coal to
provide the necessary standby power when wind and sun fail." The cost of electricity
rates in Germany is triple those in
the U.S.
Yes, solar
and wind power everywhere require fossil fuel plants as a backup whenever the
sun is obscured by clouds or the wind doesn't blow. In the U.S., Obama's "war
on coal" has decreased the number of utilities that utilize it and, in turn,
reduced the amount of electricity available. The prospect of blackouts here has
increased. If we encounter a harsh winter, that would put people's lives in
One has to
understand that the lies about global warming and/or climate change are in fact
an environmental agenda designed to reduce industrialization and the use of
energy everywhere.
Harold Schwager,
a senior member of BASF's executive board said in an interview, "Many European
companies which are energy-intensive are finding out that the benefits of
shifting investment to the U.S. are significant." Germany and the EU are
driving out industry and the jobs it represents because of their idiotic carbon
dioxide emissions policies.
This is
why we all need to understand the real "environmental" agenda. Writing in the
Financial Times on October 27, Nick Butler said "Last week's European summit on
climate change failed to address the hard reality that current policies are not
As in the U.S. the construction of
wind turbine farms such as the one offshore of Borkum, Germany in the North Sea
only exist by virtue of extensive subsidies that are wreaking havoc on European
energy markets. That's the reality!
Here in
the U.S. in 2008, then-candidate Barack Obama gave a speech in Golden,
Colorado, saying that his planned investments in "green energy" would create
"five million new jobs that pay well and can't ever been outsourced."
How did
that work out? Six years later we know those "green" jobs were not created and
that his energy policies have actually reduced the production of vital
electricity. Will new jobs in industries dependent on fossil-fuels be created?
Yes and they will come from European industrial investment and increased oil
and natural gas production here despite Obama's agenda.
That is
why the European Union's idiotic commitment to cut greenhouse gas emissions
(CO2) is putting the entire continent in danger and that is why America has to
stop providing subsidies and tax breaks to "renewable", "green" energy here and
mandating its use.
you hear some "climate expert" or politician refer to global warming or climate
change, they are lying to you. We have more CO2 in the atmosphere and the Earth
is still in a cooling cycle.
© Alan
Caruba, 2014


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Seattle energy efficient buildings
Posted on March, 01 2012
LEED-ing in green building
LEED-ing in green building
Since Seattle launched the Green Building Policy in 2000, it has been one of the leading US cities for energy efficient buildings. The policy requires that all municipal construction and renovation projects of over 5,000 sq m acquire a LEED Silver Certification. With 167 LEED certified buildings, and a further 254 waiting to be certified, Seattle was among the top US cities for certifications in 2011.Keywords: green buildings, LEED, energy efficiency, greenhouse gases
Seattle's environmental efforts began in the late 1970s with a water and energy saving programme, followed in the 1990s by programmes for recycling and waste disposal. The city is known for its energy company becoming the first in the US to have zero carbon emissions and for its goal of covering all continued growth with renewable energy sources. Seattle's Mayor, Greg Nickels, was also the initiator behind the U.S. Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement, which is currently backed by more than a thousand cities (see also Växjö).
Green Building Policy
With its Green Building Policy in 2000, Seattle was the first city in the US to adopt a policy on sustainable construction. Because this was accompanied by an intensive new construction and renovation programme, Seattle soon became one of the top US cities for energy efficiency in buildings. The city now has one of the strongest markets for green buildings and has one of the highest LEED certification rates in the US – among large cities, only New York, Chicago, Houston, and San Francisco are slightly ahead (see also Berlin and Stockholm).
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is an internationally recognised green certification system for buildings. The LEED silver certification of the 167 public building projects in Seattle represents energy savings of a least 35%, compared to ordinary buildings.
Several programmes
Seattle has also established a number of programmes for making other buildings in the city more energy efficient. The Building Energy Benchmarking & Reporting Ordinance requires energy declarations of all buildings except single-family houses. The Downtown Density Bonus offers real estate owners in the central parts of the city the opportunity of extending the area of their buildings (e.g. by adding an additional floor) if they renovate the premises to comply with the LEED silver status and offer residences to low-income earners. The City LEED Incentive Program offered funding to real estate owners who wanted to make their buildings more energy efficient.
The city also offered assistance to individual households with energy benchmarking services, and basic energy efficiency improvements like giveaways of energy saving bulbs. The Neighborhood WEB (Weatherize Every Building) Initiative has the objective of energy streamlining as many buildings as possible in the city centre. It does this by providing information, funding, and manpower while creating 2,000 green jobs in the bargain. In the poorer quarters of the city there are teams going out knocking on doors, equipped with energy-efficient bulbs, shower and tap fittings, and information materials. They are offering free retrofits of energy-efficient installations.
GHG emissions reduced
The policy has had positive results. Energy efficiency improvements of buildings is the largest contributor to Seattle's reduction of greenhouse gas emissions – a seven percent reduction between 1990 and 2008, even while the city's population increased by 16 percent. Seattle is now taking the next step in a climate plan, with the objective of reducing carbon dioxide emissions to 30 percent below 1990 levels by 2024.
The plan contains a variety of initiatives, and as for most other US cities, transportation is the big challenge for Seattle. The city plans to continue the expansion of cycling paths and public transport, and is making a big investment in electric cars and other green vehicles (see also Oslo and Portland).
The building drive continues also. The objective of a new plan, Green Building Capital Initiative, is to increase the energy efficiency of all buildings by 20% and to create carbon neutral buildings (see also Vorarlberg). August 2011 saw the start of construction on The Bullitt Center, designed to become the world's greenest office building by means of generating its own energy, collecting rainwater, and composting its own waste. The building is expected to exceed the highest level of LEED (platinum).
LEED spreading over the world
LEED was developed by the US Green Building Council in 2000 and made a rapid breakthrough in the US. It covers choice of building site, energy efficiency, water efficiency, building materials, indoor environment, innovation, and construction processes. Extra points are awarded for proximity to environmentally-friendly transport, exposure to daylight, and renewable energy utilisation, for example. Projects are certified as silver, gold or platinum, and the system is constantly evolving in an open consensus-based process.
LEED certification is not just applicable to new buildings but also to existing buildings of various kinds, including homes, and recently also to entire urban environments, i.e. neighbourhood developments. The World Green Building Council was formed in 2002 and since this time LEED has spread to the rest of the world with the certification of more than 7,000 projects in a total of 30 countries. LEED is used less in Europe however, which already has various certification systems and an EU process for the energy benchmarking of buildings.
Many cities have followed the example of Seattle and introduced programmes for facilitating LEED certifications. Among these are tax reductions, density bonuses, reduced fees, priority permitting, free technical assistance, subsidies, and low interest loans.
City of Seattle, City Green Building, http://www.seattle.gov/dpd/GreenBuilding/OurProgram/default.asp
Solvie Karlstrom, "Seattle, Washington: 2010 Smarter City – Energy", Smarter Cities, A Project of the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), June 28 2010, http://smartercities.nrdc.org/topic/energy/seattle-wa-2010-smarter-city-energy
Kim Murphy, "Seattle building aims to be a 'green' giant", Los Angeles Times, August 30 2011, http://articles.latimes.com/2011/aug/30/nation/la-na-green-building-20110830
U.S. Green Building Council, "What LEED is", http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=1988
"Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design", Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadership_in_Energy_and_Environmental_Design
Lester R. Brown, Earth Policy Institute, 2009, Plan B 4.0: Mobilizing to Save Civilization, First edition, W. W. Norton & Company, http://www.earth-policy.org/images/uploads/book_files/pb4book.pdf
Key data are retrieved from the UN World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011 Revision, http://esa.un.org/unup/unup/index_panel2.html
Text by: Martin Jacobson


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Get Rid of Raccoons in Bangor
County Animal Control
608 259 6515
Get Rid of Raccoons
County Animal Control gets rid of raccoons in Bangor all year round! By calling the number above you can have an operator come get rid of your raccoons for you!
How to get rid of raccoons in Bangor:
Due to Bangor having an abundance of wooded areas, plenty of water supply, and an almost never-ending food supply, Bangor tends to become home to many raccoons. With the raccoon population at a high, we find ourselves with plenty of raccoon issues in many residential areas and the need to get rid of them. Raccoons in Bangor are highly known for breaking into attics, or living under residents' homes, decks, and/or sheds. In Bangor, these raccoons may be intruding your home for shelter, to birth their young, or plainly because it seems more suitable than the hole in the tree on the outside your home. Whatever the case, having these raccoons on your property in Bangor can be quite unpleasant and possibly dangerous and you should get rid of these raccoons as soon as possible. In order to get rid of raccoons successfully in Bangor, one would need something to capture the raccoon. Live cage traps are a great way to safely trap a raccoon and successfully get rid of them without harming the raccoon. After a raccoon is trapped, you then can safely get rid of the raccoon by removing it from the premises and releasing it. When getting rid of raccoons in Bangor, after the raccoon has been caught in a live cage trap, one must be careful where they put their fingers. Do not try to pet a raccoon while it is caged. Raccoons in Bangor are very quick and trying to pet a caged raccoon is a high risk to your safety. If you are in Bangor and do not feel comfortable physically grabbing the cage, removing the raccoon, or if you need a hand in getting rid of raccoons in general, feel free to contact an operator in Bangor to get rid of your raccoons for you.
For Assistance in getting rid of raccoons in Bangor or any of the following cities call:
Bangor, Brice Prairie, Burr Oak, Barre Mills, Burns, Calvert, Cold Springs, Council Bay, Grand Crossing, French Island, Holmen, La Crosse, Herrington, Holiday Heights, Maple Grove, Medary, Middle Ridge, Midway, North La Crosse, Onalaska, Rockland, Saint Joseph, West Salem, Mindoro, New Amsterdam, Newberg Corners, Shelby, Stevenstown, West La Crosse, Campbell, Farmington, Greenfield, Hamilton, Holland, Washington, Burns Corners
608 259 6515
County Animal Control
The bat season is here! For bat removal services call 608-259-6515 and take control of your bat removal issues today!


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Aloha Sprinklerinos,
Today is the last of the 30 Day Snap and I have mixed emotions.
I'll miss reading all your comments and stalking through (don't lie, you do it too) everyone else's entries but I must say, I'm looking forward to having a little break. Not a proper one, I'll still be posting everyday, but only once, not twice.
What have I learnt from the 30 Day Snap?
Well, I've learnt that it was a much bigger challenge than I thought it would be. Remembering to take my cameras places and actually taking a snap of something worthwhile, editing, uploading, and publishing was a bigger job than I anticipated.
I didn't evolve my photography skills like I thought I would. I was so focused on taking a snap of something that represented my day that I stayed in my 'safe zone'. I will find new ways to improve my skills.
This community IS a community. By doing this challenge and seeing who else is taking part, I have found a much bigger network of inspirational women and made new friends. That alone was makes it worthwhile.
That I really do heart the small things. I've said it before but this challenge has only confirmed it. I had big days in London, went to parties, hosted parties, took road trips and saw a lorra lorra friends but I chose to focus on the ordinary and 'mundane' little bits of life. It's those things that I like to see of other people's and they are the aspects that I cherish most. To me, wandering down to the corner shop to buy sweets with Darcy is no less of an event than going to Google HQ to party in the YouTube space- both of which I have done in the last 4 weeks.
Most of all I have learnt that Life. Is. Good. I have easily found something happy to photograph each day and I have been blessed with big ol' heap of brilliant memories.
Did you take part in the 30 Day Snap? Whether you did it for a day or you managed the whole 30, let me know below. If you didn't, what have you enjoyed about this challenge? Or will you be glad to see the back of it haha?
Let's chat in the comments!!
To find new ways to stalk me or learn about my discloser policy, click HERE.
Ultimate Advertiser - It's A Blondes Life. Click HERE for more info.


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This problem usually occurs when the cards are produced in Sapele color and/or when the QR code is too small. Please reach out firstname.lastname@example.com and our team will gladly assist with producing the card again.
Only if the cards were purchased as personal cards from the start. If they were purchased as Teams cards, then the difference will need to be paid so they can be activated as personal cards in our system. Please feel free to check our pricing at https://www.mobilocard.com/pricing
You may need to check spam or junk folders if you don't receive it on the main tray. If the email is corporate-provided, you may also need to check with your IT department to confirm that no firewall measures are blocking our emails.
No. NFC relies on alternating magnetic (and electrical fields) changing 13560000 times per second. A magnet represents a steady field or at most one changing at the comparatively low rate at which you could physically move something. There will be no interference in terms of the actual signals.
The Mobilo card has a chip inside that wirelessly sends your information to a phone. When you tap the card on a compatible phone, a contact field appears with all of your information automatically pre-populated.The owner of the phone just has to hit "save". This type of contact information transfer is just one of four unique modes included with every Mobilo card.Every Mobilo card also contains a QR code on the back to ensure compatibility with older smartphone devices that do not have NFC compatibility.
Please bear in mind that the location of the taps shown by our app is based on IP address, in other words where the internet thinks you are, that is why you might see different locations on your home screen. Also, most cell phone companies use different signal towers that might be connected to IP addresses in different locations, and some people might use a VPN service on their phones, which may also alter the location of the taps.
Metal cards require more precision to be tapped due to the material they're made out of. NFC communications can't pass through metal. Here are some tips for a successful tap.
To tap the card on iPhones:
Have the QR code facing the phone. Tap the QR code on the top back edge of the phone. Place the QR code where you can still see part of it going over the phone. Make sure the phone is unlocked.
To tap the card on Androids:
Have the QR code facing the phone. Tap the QR code on the back of the phone either on the center or the top of it. Make sure the phone is unlocked. Hold it there for 2-3 seconds.
This is because the licenses haven't been assigned. If you're the team admin, you can follow the steps in this article to do so → Assigning Licenses
It could be attributed to issues with your internet connection or service. Here are some steps you can take to address the situation: Check Your InternetConnection: Verify that your internet connection is stable and meets the required speed for optimal performance. Switch network: If the network you're currently using is suboptimal or disconnected, transitioning to a different network can help improve internet connectivity and speed.
You can find our privacy policy at this link https://www.mobilocard.com/privacy-policy
It's only possible to add one email address. In the email address field, you can only input one email address at a time. However, you have the option to use the "Notes" section and include additional email addresses there. Additionally, you can utilize the "Other links" section, where you can include links labeled as link1 and link2 to represent additional email addresses.
NFC business cards enable you to share your contact information with a single tap. NFC business cards have two components: a digital business card and an NFC tag. They contain tiny microchips, and when tapped to a smartphone, the information paired with your tag (like the link to your business card) automatically appears.
Certainly! At this link, you'll find a collection of video tutorials and support articles. https://www.mobilocard.com/support
International purchases are typically subject to taxes that are not included at the time of purchase. As a result, you may be contacted by the courier to facilitate the customs clearance process. It is important to note that we are not responsible for any taxes or fees associated with customs clearance as these are imposed by your local government and is normally accounted for and handled by the recipient. For more information on these please get in touch with your local customs office.
You can export your leads logging in to your account from the web portal https://app.mobilocard.com/.Select the Leads tab on the left hand side and on the upper right of the screen is a button to export the date.
Logging in your Super Admin account from our web portal https://app.mobilocard.com/, go to the Teams tab and click on Settings and select your preferred CardMode for all the cards in your organization.
Our password reset expires after 1 hour upon request. Please make sure when the request has been made you do the reset immediately. You can try again at https://app.mobilocard.com/#/forgotPassword.
Due to the material the metal cards are made of (stainless steel), the wiring may create some interference, so we use a highly durable sticker with the QR code to avoid any issues while reading the card. We haven't had any major issues with it, but feel free to reach out at any time if you notice the QR code is not working properly, or if it starts to deteriorate.
The QR code is your safety blanket in case a device has no NFC available so it will work the same way as the NFC and share the mode accordingly. Once the design of your cards is approved, each user will have their own personalized QR code generated by our system.
Go to order.mobilocard.com > Card Status > click onWaiting for Approval > Review Design > Leave the comment > Hit Reject.
The reason you are seeing the print proof in monochrome is because our laser engraver is set up to recognize the blacks as the areas where the design would be etched. So no need to worry about the card material, all you need to look into is if our design was able to match the design you have in mind.
Logging in your Super Admin account from our web portal https://app.mobilocard.com/, go to the Teams tab and click on Company Profile and you should see the Company Logo section. Please click Change and you will be prompted toselect an image file to upload.
The prices we're currently handling are listed on buy.mobilocard.com ; however, you can book a demo with our Sales team at firstname.lastname@example.com and discuss this further.
We provide shipping services worldwide, ensuring that customers from all corners of the globe can benefit from our products. Whether you're located in North America, Europe, Asia, or any other part of the world,our commitment to global shipping allows us to reach you wherever you are.


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Did the weekend slip on by and you still didn't get around to seeing THE GREAT GATSBY? If you haven't already, this really is one movie you MUST try to see on the big screen. It's such a visual feast, you won't be able to savour its full aesthetic glory on a smaller screen once it disappears. While its' success means GATSBY is likely to be on at the cinemas for a while, you don't want to risk missing out.
There's been much debate as to whether Baz Lurhmann's latest offering is 'all style and no substance', or whether it's a work of genius. I'd say it's somewhere in-between. Largely because I'm such a huge fan of the book. Having studied it at an academic level, I'm very familiar with all the famous lines and phrases so anything short of perfect is going to be difficult to judge. Other critics roll their eyes at people like me and bemoan the fact that being old-fashioned traditionalists, we can't truly appreciate Luhrmann's masterpiece.
I disagree. I absolutely adore Luhrmann's visual interpretation. The fast-sweeping camera-shots, the pace, the music, the colour and energy that bounce off the screen is infectious. The parties are so uplifting and sumptuous, you just want to dive right on in to that screen and soak it up for real.
Of course, Luhrmann's wife and production designer of the film, Catherine Martin must take enormous credit for her vision and styling. In one word – superb.
But there were a few niggling issues for me that stood in the way of perfection. At the beginning of the movie, there's a scene where the character Nick Carraway is pouring his heart out to a psychiatrist, played by Jack Thompson. This was not in the original book by F.Scott Fitzgerald. And for me, it does not sit well with the character of Nick, who is the only stable and reliable character in the entire story. He's NOT the sort of person to spiral into a mental wilderness from his experience. As the book's narrator, he is a man reflecting on the gorgeousness of Gatsby; a man who has a fond admiration and fascination for this enigmatic character who invested so much in his dream. So no, I did not believe Nick would end up wild-eyed in a shrink's office.
The other annoyance was the number of times Gatsby rolls out the phrase, 'old sport' in the film. We KNOW Gatsby loves to use the term as a way of trying to appear up there with the upper echelons of society, but it's over-use in the film meant I felt like saying 'GOT IT' every time Leonardo uttered the phrase. It took me out of the moment.
Leonardo DiCaprio is indeed charming as Gatsby and Carey Mulligan gives a fine performance as Daisy. But they're not the first actors to take up the daunting challenge of trying to bring to life some of the literary world's most famous characters.
Apparently there was a silent movie version of The Great Gatsby, made in 1926, directed by George Cukor – starring Warner Baxter and Lois Wilson.
Then a second film came out in 1949, starring Alan Ladd as Gatsby and Betty Field as Daisy. Released by Paramount Pictures, this one was directed by Elliot Nugent and produced by Richard Maibaum.
The third version, and most famous before now, starred Robert Redford and Mia Farrow. Released in 1974, that film also had its detractors but was hugely popular, even making front page of Time Magazine. At the risk of sounding old-fashioned, this is my favourite. The chemistry between Redford and Farrow is palpable – something I found a tad lacking between DiCaprio and Mulligan. Okay, yes, I confess, I am a Robert Redford tragic, so I am perhaps a little biased. But I also loved Sam Waterson playing Nick Carraway in this version. AND the script was written by Francis Ford Coppola, which speaks volumes.
But the 1974 Gatsby was slated for being too slow and uninspiring – something you could never say about Luhrmann's version. Again, I repeat, despite my niggling criticisms, Luhrmann's is a film you really must see. I am definitely going to see it again.
There were also two version of The Great Gatsby made for TV in 2000 and 2002, but they had little impact.
I suggest you see The Great Gatsby as soon as possible. Then head to the DVD store and borrow the 1974 version with Robert Redford and Mia Farrow and compare the two. Let me know what you think. Who WAS the greatest Gatsby? DiCaprio or Redford? Leo has a twinkle in the eye, but for me, Robert carries the cool charisma essential to the character that IS Gatsby, to another level.


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As Karoli and Blue Texan have been observing today, the fever swamps of the American Right are, predictably, coming completely unhinged over the re-election of President Obama. This is especially true the farther you move from right-wing pundits out to the conservative base -- where the hatred of Obama is bubbling up a fresh heaping helping of steaming racism.
See, for instance, the gallery of racist tweets put together by Jezebel this week. Go ahead, spend a little time there. Then come on back, get a shower, and let's talk about it.
Megan Garber at the Atlantic reports on the provenance of these tweets:
Floating Sheep, a group of geography academics, took advantage of that fact to turn hatred -- and, just as often, stupidity -- into information. The team searched Twitter for racism-revealing terms that appeared in the context of tweets that mentioned "Obama," "re-elected," or "won." That search resulted in (a shockingly high and surprisingly low) 395 tweets.
The leading states from which these tweets emanate are Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, North Dakota, and Utah. Now there's a big surprise.
What's shocking and disturbing about these tweets is just how many people out there reflexively and thoughtlessly indulge in outright and outrageous racism -- and then express surprise that they're accused of being racists!
Indeed, the pervasiveness of this response indicates just how degraded Americans' understanding of racism has become -- mainly because, whenever it raises its head now, the right-wing media shouts down and belittles anyone who calls it out. So now there are millions of people out there who think that there's nothing particularly racist about using racist slurs.
For example, there's this young woman from Turlock, CA, who tweeted the following:
As the Modesto Bee story explains, Helms was shocked when the Secret Service came knocking on her door:
She told the Fox 40 reporter: "I didn't think it would be that big of a deal. … The assassination part is kind of harsh. I'm not saying like I would go do that or anything like that, by any means, but if it was to happen, I don't think I'd care one bit."
Helms has since deleted the post and posted again about the incident. It reads: "So apparently my post last night about Obama got onto Twitter and Fox 40 came and interviewed me cause apparently a lot of people in Sacramento think I'm crazy and racist. WOW is all I got to say!! I'm not racist and I'm not crazy. just simply stating my opinion.!!!"
Also unsurprisingly, the ice-cream parlor where the woman worked decided it could not afford to employ her any longer:
But the incident and surrounding outrage caused her to lose her job at Cold Stone Creamery, where she had worked for less than a year. Turlock Cold Stone Creamery store director Chris Kegle said he was shocked to read her racist slur and see her accompanying interview.
"We found her comments to be very disgusting, and they do not reflect our opinions here," Kegle said. "We never saw anything from her at work like those comments."
When he arrived Thursday at the store on Monte Vista Avenue, he said, there were more than 20 angry voice mails about Helms.
"We made the decision because of her comments, but also the community feedback," he said. "We are very into working with the community and doing community service. So when your community does not like you because of an employee, that's bad. We have a business to run."
But the bottom line in this incident was the woman's complete cluelessness:
"OK, but what did I do wrong? That's fine if they want to," she told the reporter. "But I don't understand what I did wrong."
What kind of world do we live in when you have to actually explain to people that (A) wishing aloud for the president's assassination is the same thing as publicly advocating it, and (B) the use of the 'N word' or any other racial slur-- especially by a white person flinging it in a manner intended to degrade not just any singular target but any member of that race -- is an act of racism in itself?
Answer: The world made for us by right-wing media and assorted right-wing pundits, who adamantly insist that racism is a dead letter, that it really doesn't exist, and that their political campaigns don't exploit and foment racist attitudes -- when all the evidence to the contrary stares us daily in the face.


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Data Policy This policy describes the information we process to support products and features offered by Places App, Inc, dba Honeycommb (Products).
I. What kinds of information do we collect? Things you and others do and provide.
Information and content you provide. We collect the content, communications, and other information you provide when you sign up for an account, create or share content, message or communicate with others. This can include information in or about the content you provide (like metadata), such as the date a file was created, file dimensions, file types. Our systems automatically process content and communications you and others provide to analyze context and what's in them for the purposes of improving user experience.
Networks and connections. We collect information about the people, accounts, hashtags, and groups you are connected to and how you interact with them across our Products, such as people you communicate with the most or groups you are part of.
Things others do and information they provide about you. We receive and analyze content, communications and information that other people provide when they use our Products. This can include information about you, such as when others send a message to you.
Device Information. As describe below, we collect information from and about the computers, phones, and other web-connected devices you use that integrate with our Products, and we combine this information across different devices you use.
Information we obtain from these devices include:
Device attributes: information such as the operating system, hardware and software versions, device carrier, and display sizes.
Device operations: information about operations and behaviors performed on the device, such as whether a window is foregrounded or backgrounded, or mouse movements.
Identifiers: unique identifiers, device IDs, and other identifiers such as associated provider account identifiers.
Data from device settings: information you allow us to receive through device settings you turn on, such as access to your GPS location, camera, or photos.
Network and connections: information such as the name of your mobile operator or ISP, language, time zone, and IP address.
Cookie data: data from cookies stored on your device, including cookie IDs and settings.
Information from partners. Advertisers and publishers can send us information through APIs to our platform. These partners provide information about your activities outside of our Products including information about your devices and websites you visit - whether or not you have an account or are logged into the platform.
Partners receive your data when you visit or use their services or through third parties they work with. We require each of these partners to have lawful rights to collect, use and share your data before providing any data to us.
II. How do we use this information? We use the information we have (subject to choices you make) as described below and to provide and support the Products and related services. Here's how:
Provide, personalize and improve our Products. We use the information we have to deliver our Products, including to personalize features and content and make suggestions for you. To create personalized Products that are unique and relevant to you, we use your connections, preferences, interests and activities based on the data we collect and learn from you and others; how you use and interact with our Products, and the people, places, or things you're connected to and interested in on and off our Products.
Location-related information: We use location-related information-such as your current location, where you live, the places you like to go-to provide- to personalize and improve our Products, including ads, for you and others. Location-related information can be based on things like precise device location (if you've allowed us to collect it), IP addresses, and information from you and others' use of our Products.
Product research and development: We use information we have to develop, test and improve our Products.
Ads and other sponsored content: We use the information we have about you-including information about your interests, actions and connections-to select and personalize ads, offers and other sponsored content that we show you.
Provide measurement, analytics, and other business services. We use the information we have to help advertisers and other partners measure effectiveness and distribution of their ads and services.
Promote safety, integrity and security. We use the information we have to verify accounts, and activity, combat harmful conduct, detect and prevent spam and other bad experiences, maintain the integrity of our Products, and promote safety and security on and off of our Products.
Communicate with you. We use the information we have to send you marketing communications, communicate with you about our Products, and let you know about our policies and terms. We also use your information to respond to you when you contact us.
III. How is this information shared? Your information is shared with others in the following ways:
Sharing on our Products
- People and accounts you share and communicate with. When you share and communicate using our Products, you are sharing with the audience that you select. For example, when you post generally, you are sharing to all members of the community. Similarly, when you post to a group, the post is shared with the members of the group as well as the community, dependent on the group's settings. Your network can also see actions you have taken on our Products, including engagement with ads, sponsored posts, other posts, and other users.
Public information can be seen by anyone, on or off our Products, including if they don't have an account. This includes your username, any information you've share with a public audience. Public information can also be seen, accessed, reshared, or downloaded through third-party services such as search engines, and APIs.
Content others share or reshare about you. You should consider who you choose to share with, because people who can see your activity on our Products can choose to share it with others on and off our Products, including people and businesses outside the audience you shared with. Also, when you comment on someone else's post, your comment is visible to anyone who can see the other person's content.
- New Owner. If the ownership or control of all or part of our Products or their assets changes, we may transfer your information to the new owner.
Sharing with Third-Party Partners We work with third-party partners who help us provide and improve our Products. We don't sell any of your information to anyone, and we never will. We also impose strict restrictions on how our partners can use and disclose the data we provide.
Partners who use our analytics services. We provide aggregated statistics and insights that help people and businesses understand how people are engaging with posts, videos, and other content on and off our Products.
Advertisers. We provide advertisers with reports about the kinds of people seeing their ads and how their ads are performing. We don't share information that personally identifies you (information such as your name or email address).
Measurement Partners. We share information about you with companies that aggregate it to provide analytics and measurement reports to our partners.
Vendors and service providers. We provide information and content to vendors and service providers who support our business, such as by providing technical infrastructure services, analyzing how our Products are used, providing customer service, facilitating payments or conducting surveys.
Law enforcement or legal requests. We share information with law enforcement or in response to legal requests.
IV. How can I manage information about me? We provide you with the ability to access, rectify, port and erase your data.
We store data until it is no longer necessary to provide our services or until your account is deleted - whichever comes first. This is a case-by-base determination that depends on things like the nature of the data, why it is collected and processed, and relevant legal or operational retention needs.
When you delete your account, we delete things you have posted, such as your photos or posts, and you won't be able to recover that information later. Information that others have shared about you isn't part of your account and won't be deleted.
V. How do we respond to legal requests or prevent harm? We access, preserve and share your information with regulators, law enforcement or others:
In response to a legal request (like a search warrant, court order or subpoena) if we have a good faith belief that the law requires us to do so. This may include to legal requests from jurisdictions outside of the United States when we have a good faith belief that the response is required by law in that jurisdiction, affects users in that jurisdiction, and is consistent with internationally recognized standards.
When we have a good faith belief it is necessary to: detect, prevent and address fraud, unauthorized use of our Products, violations of our terms or policies, or other harmful or illegal activity; to protect ourselves (including our rights, property, or Products), you or others, including as part of investigations or regulatory inquiries, or to prevent death or imminent bodily harm. For example, if relevant, we provide information to and receive information from third-party partners about the reliability of your account to prevent fraud, abuse and other harmful activities on and off our Products.
Information we receive about you can be accessed and preserved for an extended period when it is the subject of a legal request or obligation, governmental investigation, or investigations of possible violations of our terms or policies, or otherwise to prevent harm. We also retain information from accounts disabled for terms violations for at least a year to prevent abuse or other term violations
VI. How will we notify you of changes to this policy? We will notify you before we make changes to this policy and give you the opportunity to review the revised policy before you choose to continue using our Products.


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- Shop
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- Bronze Mixed Metal Necklace - Baby's Breath
Bronze Mixed Metal Necklace - Baby's Breath
per item
From our Through the Looking Glass - Mixed Metal Jewelry Collection, this sweet necklace was inspired by my best pal, Sidney as a little reminder to stop and smell the roses or in this case, the baby's breath.
Brilliant bronze, iron inlay and gold filled chain will warm up any outfit and put a smile on your face.
Pair with any of our Mixed Metal Earrings for a lovely set.
- Bronze approximately 1 inch coin
- Iron Inlay
- 18 inch gold filled cable chain
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ACME Cargo Wardrobe (Double Door), Blue, 34" x 22" x 67"H, 143Lbs.
The Cargo Wardrobe is an excellent addition for storage in any bedroom, garage, or even in an off-site storage unit. This functional piece is created from iron metal and includes two front doors with a rod for hanging clothes and five open compartments.
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.


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The balance of global power has shifted. You're outnumbered and outgunned. Your nation's borders have fallen, and opposing powers have moved in to devastate an already crippled land. It's another tremendous week in the world of PlayStation, as Call of Duty: Ghosts brings this visually spectacular story to PS3 — along with a world-renowned multiplayer suite.
In Call of Duty: Ghosts, you'll join a small team of special forces known only as "Ghosts," and work to survive insurmountable odds thrown against you. And just like the Call of Dutys before it, Ghosts comes packed with huge multiplayer support for all the first-person shooter fans out there just itching to dive into the competition.
Joining Call of Duty: Ghosts are a number of other games for all types of gamers. Build and destroy complex fortresses in CastleStorm, or brave the quirky story and addictive strategy found in The Guided Fate Paradox. With such a broad array of options this week, you might as well build a couch fort and prepare to undertake a hermit lifestyle. It's the only way.
In the world of Blu-ray, Roland Emmerich's heartpounding film White House Down hits stores Tuesday, starring Channing Tatum and Jamie Foxx.
For a full list of games coming this week, head on down below. And enjoy the Drop.
New PlayStation Releases This Week
Demos and Betas
The information above is subject to change without notice.


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Welcome to the Web site for the Law Office of Joseph Antonelli. This site is designed to provide information about our firm and the services we offer. We are glad you have chosen to visit our Web site. We hope you enjoy your visit and return often as the site is expanded and updated.
Please select an area of interest from the topics below:


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Homepage: https://github.com/krzysz00/clos-diff
License: GPL
Author: Krzysztof Drewniak <krzysdrewniak AT gmail DOT com>
function: clos-diff:diff (old new &key (test #'equalp))
This function will create a diff that represents the modification that need to be applied to object old to create the object new. The test parameter will control the test used for equality. As a special case is the old parameter is nil, a diff from an object with no bound slots will be created.
function: clos-diff:apply-diff (diff &optional object)
This function will apply the diff given in the parameter diff to the object contained in object. If object is nil, a fresh object of the appropriate type (with all slots unbound) will be created, and the diff will be applied to that (See the documentation for diff for more information).
Topics: serialization


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PC Makers, Learn From Car Makers: Use Model Years
PC vendors, are you tired of losing sales to the cool new tablets? Take a page from the auto industry's playbook and introduce model years.
Top 10 Tech Fails Of 2012
Top 10 Tech Fails Of 2012 (click image for larger view and for slideshow)
In my last column, I offered PC vendors some advice on how to position Windows 8 systems. That's not a miracle cure for solving PC players' woes. All that will do is pry from the industry's hand the pistol it's using to shoot itself in the foot. PC vendors will need to do more if they want to re-inject excitement into their products and get their business back on a growth trajectory.
Let me get right to the point: PC vendors need to incorporate model years into their product positioning. You know, like the automobile makers do. I know this isn't something they want to hear. (I know they don't want to hear it because I've been telling them for years. And they tell me that it isn't something they want to hear.)
I'll take my own advice here and call this my Model Year 2013 column. Years ago, long before the first iPad shipped, I suggested employing model years as a way to combat saturation in maturing markets. That's why automobile suppliers implemented model years some 90 years ago. Most people who wanted a car already had one. And a six-year-old vehicle could do 35 mph as well as a new one.
[ Wondering if the next Windows operating system is for you? Read Windows 8: Why I Won't Upgrade. ]
Model years helped remind consumers that their automobiles were aging. That, as well as styling and performance upgrades, gradually convinced consumers that it was time for a new car even though the old one still worked. The primary objection I hear from PC vendors is that model years would complicate manufacturing plans and inventory management up and down the supply chain. That used to be a valid argument. But it's not any more.
That's because they're already being forced to deal with those headaches. Consumers have been adjusting their purchasing behavior to account for the PCs' annual rollout schedule. For a few years now, consumers have held off buying last year's models just as PC vendors were trying to clear inventory to make way for new systems. So PC vendors are enduring all the pain of a model-year marketing model, but enjoying none of the benefit.
Smartphones and tablets -- the devices that are eating the PC's lunch -- exploit the model-year concept. Suppliers leverage their annual rollouts to generate pull from consumers, and consumers respond. PC vendors, meanwhile, continue to manage new releases like it's 1999.
There are positive pieces of the model-year mentality that are already in place, as well. Intel's Core lineup gets a facelift once a year, for example. And it's beginning to look as though the Ultrabook spec will be refreshed at a similar pace. If Microsoft would get on board, then PC vendors could really update the entire platform annually.
Another hesitation I hear is this: What if there's a delay? What if we can't deliver when it's time to roll out the new model year?
Good point. But there are ways to ease that burden. Intel, for example, releases a new generation of its Core-series processors every year. But the company tackles major architectural enhancements only every other year as part of what it calls its "tick-tock" cadence.
PC vendors could take on a lighter load than that. The auto makers execute a major overhaul only every four years. The changes to their offerings during the other three years are cosmetic by comparison. Call it a tick-tick-tick-tock schedule.
Although I'm recommending a model-year marketing mentality, there's really no need to differentiate by years. Distinguishing a new model with '4,' for example, instead of '2013' would leave some room for schedule slop. Microsoft, the unofficial schedule-slop champ, abandoned the year designation on Windows releases more than a decade ago and eventually settled on a generation numbering scheme. Combine that with the tick-tick-tick-tock concept, and you'd expect systems rolling out this summer to bundle Windows 8.1 followed by Windows 8.2 next year.
Remember, the point of all of this is to etch into the product a milestone, so people don't just think they have a Core i5-based PC, but a three-year-old Core i5 system. It will serve as a gentle reminder each time a new generation is released.
And if PC vendors don't fix the problem this year, then keep an eye out for my all-new Model Year 2014 column next winter.
Mike Feibus is principal analyst at TechKnowledge Strategies, a Scottsdale, Ariz., market research firm focusing on client technologies. You can reach him at [email protected].
InformationWeek is surveying IT executives on global IT strategies. Upon completion of our survey, you will be eligible to enter a drawing to receive an Apple 32-GB iPad mini. Take our 2013 Global CIO Survey now. Survey ends Feb. 8.
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Thanksgiving is here again with all the trimmings–turkey, stuffing, and pumpkin pie galore. But don't forget to add that side of historical significance! Here are a few lesson plans and resources to help get your students thinking about the history of the holiday.
"Whats Wrong With This Picture: The True Story of the First Thanksgiving" by Patricia Scott Deetz is a short, colorful, and engaging article from MUSE offering a critical explanation of the holiday using documents and historical clues.
"Harvest Ceremony: Beyond the Thanksgiving Myth" is a study guide from the National Museum of the American Indian geared more toward High School students offers counter evidence to the traditional Thanksgiving discussion.
"What Should a House Do?" is a lesson plan from EDSITEment! highlighting the differences in Native American and English settlement homes.
"First Thanksgiving Meal" is a short article from the History channel that addresses whether modern Thanksgiving foods were present at that first feast.
"Looking into Holidays Past: Through Primary Sources" is a document based resource from the Library of Congress.
Also be sure to check out our "Thinking Through Thanksgiving" blog post from last year. We included some resources, Toolbox Strategies, and an image to get your Thanksgiving lessons started.