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Up to 1903
Ever since the beginnings of recorded history, humans have pursued the dream of flight. Mankind's ancient dream to fly was finally realized with the first balloon flights in the late 18th century. During the 19th century, deliberate scientific experimentation with kites, gliders, airships and powered aircraft, ultimately led to the successful development of the airplane in the early years of the 20th century. Thus over the course of decades, experimenters, some of them Long Islanders, solved the basic problems of an aircraft's shape, source of propulsion and means of control.


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Oval Rattan Mirror – TT6811
Size: Customer's request accepted
Color: Natural, Light brown
Technique: Handmade
MOQ: 100 pcs/style/size/color
Delivery time: About 30 workdays after receiving the deposit.
Payment: T/T
Sample Time: About 7-10 days.
Shipment: By Air, by sea, by Express (DHL, Fed Ex)
We accept your requirements about product designs, colors, dimensions, etc.
Mô tả
Stylish & Authentic
This rattan mirror is handmade by artisans in Vietnam to ensure the highest quality and authenticity for your home decorations. It is both stylish and authentic, a great center piece for those items in your house to make visible and give it more culture.
Durable Solid Rattan
Our rattan mirror is from high quality solid rattan versus hollow bamboo. The solid rattan material is hand woven into a beautiful, durable piece of art. This rattan round hanging wall mirror is a beautiful addition to any room.
Easy To Hang
This rattan mirror can work well for the bathroom or for the living room. The woven rattan design and natural color of the mirror make it a perfect fit for any decor.
Decorative But Functional
Mirror is a necessary goods for home.It helps to light bounce around the room, expand the space.This rustic wooden wall mirror will add timeless appeal and style to your bathroom, living room, bedroom, office and entryway.
Tags: Circle Mirror, handmade Mirror, Oval mirror, Rattan Mirror, Rattan Rectangle Mirror, Square Rattan Mirror
Đánh giá
Chưa có đánh giá nào.

subset: commoncrawl


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3x4 meters Party Tent (PE PRO)
These are German manufactured durable tents with high quality standards. These tents are among the ones that offer the best quality and value for money.
► Is quick and easy to assemble.
► Requires no tools to assemble.
► It does not require any position screws.
► Simple plug-in system with high-quality quick clip connection system for fast assembly.
► Connectors are welded and powder coated. They can withstand considerable weight on them.
► Each leg comes complete with a foot plate that can be pegged, bolted or weighted to provide additional stability.
All tents have a sturdy powder coated 38mm diameter tubular steel frame and 43mm corner steel connectors.
The high material thickness (1.22 mm) and precise processing of these tubes make these models extremely robust and durable.
Price quoted excludes freight and/or insurance costs. These need to be selected from the pull-down menu below to arrive to the final price:
► Top Quality Marquee complete with waterproof material.
► Two sides panels (396cm x 196cm)which can be with or
without windows. Each panel can contain 2 church windows
measuring 90 x 110 cm.
► Exterior Material: Roof PE (180g/qm); sides PE (180g/qm)
side height 200 cm and centre height 270 cm.
► 2 side parts (gable)measuring 220cm x 190cm - with door to roll up and close tent. There is one gable with a large door (front)and a gable with a small door (rear).
► Diameter Poles: 38 mm / 1.0 mm thickness diameter
► Connector: 43mm / 1.2 mm thickness , the linkage and all
connectors are powder coated.
► A roof cover with 180 grams per square meter
► The following accessories are also included:
- foot plate are bolted to the rod
- ground fixing pegs or hooks
- guy wires to string the roof
- manual and care instructions
► Package Dimensions: [1] 190x25x12cm [2] 70x38x24cm


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When you need to send a gift or special letter and want it to look festive, but you don't want go to the trouble or expense to gift-wrap it, ShipOnSite - Surf City has a great solution. We stock a nice variety of decorative mailers with different themes like Happy Birthday, and Happy Holidays along with non-holiday-specific versions with brightly-colored, festive coverings that give your gifts "a little something extra". So, next time you're in a hurry and need to ship something with a party theme, come to ShipOnSite - Surf City. We'll pack, ship it, and get it there on time for that special occasion.
For additional information, call us at 910-803-2292 or send us a message by clicking the button below.


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User Management Architecture¶
User management functionality is provided by default in all WSO2 Carbon-based products. The following documentation introduces the main concepts in User Management, such as users, roles, permissions, user stores etc. and how they are used in WSO2 products.
User management involves defining and managing users, roles, and their access levels in a system. A user management dashboard or console provides system administrators with a high-level view of a system's active user sessions, their log-in statuses, the privileges of each user, and their activity in the system, enabling system admins to make business-critical, real-time security decisions. A typical user management implementation involves a wide range of functionality such as adding/deleting users, controlling user activity through permissions, managing user roles, defining authentication policies, managing external user stores, manual/automatic log-out, and resetting user passwords.
Any user management system has the following basic components:
- Users: Users are consumers who interact with your organizational applications, databases, and other systems. A user can be a person, a device, or another application/program within or outside of the organization's network. Because users interact with internal systems and access data, security-conscious organizations need to define which data and functionality each user can access by assigning permissions.
- Permissions: A permission is a delegation of authority or a right that is assigned to a user or a group of users to perform an action on a system. Permissions can be granted to or revoked from a user, user group, or user role automatically or by a system administrator. For example, if a user has the permission to log in to a system, the permission to log out is automatically granted as well.
- User roles: A user role is a grouping of permissions. In addition to assigning individual permissions to users, admins can create user roles and assign those roles to users. For example, you might create user roles called VP, Manager, and Employee, each of which has a different set of permissions, and then assign those roles to users based on their position in the company. Then, if you need to modify the permissions of all your managers, you can simply modify the Manager user role, and all users with that role will have their permissions updated automatically.
The following diagram illustrates how the user management functionality is structured to work in WSO2 products:
- User stores: A user store is the database where information about the users and user roles is stored, including log-in name, password, first name, last name, and e-mail address.
- RDBMS (for Authentication and Authorization): This RDBMS stores information of the role-based permissions.
According to the default configuration in WSO2 products, the embedded H2 RDBMS that is shipped with the product is used as the user store as well as the RDBMS for storing information related to permissions.
Realm configuration: The user realm consists of the configurations required to initialise the user realm. This includes setting up the User Store Manager, the Authorization Manager and the System Administrator. These configurations are explained below.
User Store Manager The User Store Manager is responsible for managing the underlying user store. It is represented by the
Java interface. There can be different User Store Manager implementations to connect with different user stores, but you can configure only one User Store Manager implementation in a single user realm (that is, a single WSO2 Carbon instance). The User Store Manager can be operated in both read/write mode and read-only mode. In read-only mode, you can only connect with an existing user store. WSO2 products provide the following default User Store Manager implementations:JDBCUserStoreManager
(read and write)LDAPUserStoreManager
(read and write)
You can write a custom user store manager implementation by implementing
or by extendingAbstractUserStoreManager
or one of the default implementations.Using JDBCUserStoreManager
class uses a schema that is specific to WSO2 Carbon. It contains the following tables:- UM_USER: Contains user names and passwords
- UM_ROLE: Contains role names
- UM_USER_ROLE: Contains user role mappings
- UM_USER_ATTRIBUTE: Contains user attributes. There can be any attribute ID and a value for that attribute ID that is associated with a user's profile.
You can find the full schema of these tables from the database script files in the
directory. Note that these scripts also contain schemas for other tables that are used for user management and registry functions. If your organization contains an existing JDBC user store that you want to use with a WSO2 product, you must extendJDBCUserStoreManager
and write a new implementation for your user store according to your schema.Authorization Manager The Authorization Manager uses role-based access control (RBAC) to protect resources related to the WSO2 Carbon platform. The default implementation of the Authorization Manager is JDBCAuthorizationManager
, which uses a permission model specific to WSO2 Carbon and uses the authorization data that is stored in tables in the JDBC database. You can replace this implementation with a custom implementation (for example, if you want to use a XACML authorization manager) and use it with WSO2 products.System Administrator The system admin user is typically the super tenant user, who by default has permission to perform all administration tasks in the server. The admin user will thereby create other tenant users and define roles with permissions. Once this is done, the other tenant users will be able to log in to their respective tenant domains and use the server according to the permissions that have been granted. Note that the permissions granted to the Super Tenant user cannot be modified.
Related Topics¶
- Configuring the Realm : The topics in this section explain how you can set up and configure the user management realm.
- Configuring Users, Roles and Permissions : The topics in this section explain how you can manage the Users, Roles and Permissions using the management console.
- Engaging a Workflow in an Operation : This topic explains how to engage workflows for user-related operations.


text: This simulation game is easy and very fun! choose among three vending machines: one with toys, one with sweet treats and one with food. Each item inside the vending machines has a price; you have a set of coins at your disposal to insert the right sum you can see on the display. If you' re right, the vending machine will release the item, if you're wrong you'll receive an error message. Collect all the items! then you can see them again.


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OTTAWA, Nov. 17 (UPI) -- Canada's Supreme Court upheld the assault conviction of a Jehovah's Witness who tried to perform a home circumcision on his 4-year-old son.
The court agreed religious convictions did not trump the British Columbia man's lack of medical skills and proper equipment.
The appellant, whose name was not reported, was convicted of criminal negligence and assault in the 2007 incident in which he gave his son 4 ounces of homemade wine as an anesthetic and then attempted to remove the foreskin with a carpet knife purchased at Home Depot, the St. Catherines (Ontario) Standard reported Saturday.
The surgery resulted in a lot of bleeding, which was staunched with paper towels and a veterinary compound.
The man told authorities he performed the surgery to "make things right with God."
Prosecutors said he should have known better because he had tried the same procedure on himself two years earlier and wound up in the hospital.


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SPX Flow offers a wide range of homogenizer designs for sanitary applications. Homogenizers are widely used in the dairy, food and beverage, healthcare and cosmetics, chemical, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. They can be tuned suit your exact application for:
Anderson Dahlen, as an SPXFLOW Distributor, has an expert understanding of the homogenization process, working with custom-designed APV Rannie and Gaulin homogenizers to deliver improved product quality, highly stable products and reduced costs with lower additives.
As an SPXFLOW Distributor, such, we inventory a wide range of authentic OEM parts for homogenizers. We maintain the inventory to minimize your down time and insure you receive the exactly correct part every time. Minimizing your down time is a driving factor in how we treat each customer. Let us be your SPX Flow homogenizer spare parts partner.
OEM Parts are critical to maintaining your warranty with SPX flow and in sustaining the reliability most processing companies require to sustain profitability. If your homogenizers are critical to your success, using only SPX Flow OEM parts is essential. For processes that are in challenging conditions, avoid premature failure of non-original parts. We can ship spare parts anywhere in the word on short notice. If you need on-site spare parts inventory, we can minimize what you have to inventory but depending on us to stock the higher priced, less used parts for rapid shipment when you need them.
We want to help you find the right parts for your SPX Flow homogenizers, design new systems using homogenizers, or do repairs for you on larger jobs. Our expertise as a SPX Flow distributor gives us the training and technical information access to make your job easy.
Call today for more information and help. ????????
Weight | 0.1 kg |
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Ramsey, MN 55303
Phone: 763.852.4700
Fax: 763.852.4795


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Not only is it the 'Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation', Bill Gates is also collaborating on another front to achieve the panacea against SARS-CoV-2, his vaccine. The ' Coalition for Preparation and Innovation for Pandemics ' (CEPI for short) has investment Gates, Germany, Japan, Norway, the European Union, and now Mexico has joined as announced Foreign Minister, Marcelo Ebrard.
In search of the promised vaccine
Foreign Minister Ebrard said in a tweet that he participated in the Global Response to Coronavirus Summit, through which he joined CEPI, an organization that a couple of months ago announced the start of a campaign to raise $ 2 billion that they will be used exclusively for the development of a vaccine against COVID-19.
Now, on May 4, the UN, governments around the world, and CEPI, have joined together to call for a funding campaign to raise $ 8 billion.
In his message in the transmission, the foreign minister recalled that Mexico recently proposed to the UN an agreement so that all patients in the world can have guaranteed access to medicines and vaccines, when they are available. In addition, the chancellor spoke for other countries in the region:
"[Latin Caribbean States] have asked me to communicate the desire to participate in the initiative, we are going to gather resources to give decisive regional support (…) we will contribute resources and knowledge so that we can all succeed together"
CEPI is requesting a total of $ 8 billion, of which $ 2 billion will be used exclusively to complete all phases of clinical studies on eight vaccine candidates, and eventually the large-scale manufacture of three of them, from 12 to 18 months.
Of the $ 2 billion sought, $ 924 million has already been collected.
What Can Go Wrong
The 30 Most Disturbing Human Experiments in History
Disturbing human experiments aren't something the average person thinks too much about. Rather, the progress achieved in the last 150 years of human history is an accomplishment we're reminded of almost daily. Achievements made in fields like biomedicine and psychology mean that we no longer need to worry about things like deadly diseases or masturbation as a form of insanity. For better or worse, we have developed more effective ways to gather information, treat skin abnormalities, and even kill each other. But what we are not constantly reminded of are the human lives that have been damaged or lost in the name of this progress. The following is a list of the 30 most disturbing human experiments in history.
30. The Tearoom Sex Study
Sociologist Laud Humphreys often wondered about the men who commit impersonal sexual acts with one another in public restrooms. He wondered why "tearoom sex" — fellatio in public restrooms — led to the majority of homosexual arrests in the United States. Humphreys decided to become a "watchqueen" (the person who keeps watch and coughs when a cop or stranger get near) for his Ph.D. dissertation at Washington University. Throughout his research, Humphreys observed hundreds of acts of fellatio and interviewed many of the participants. He found that 54% of his subjects were married, and 38% were very clearly neither bisexual or homosexual. Humphreys' research shattered a number of stereotypes held by both the public and law enforcement.
29. Prison Inmates as Test Subjects
In 1951, Dr. Albert M. Kligman, a dermatologist at the University of Pennsylvania and future inventor of Retin-A, began experimenting on inmates at Philadelphia's Holmesburg Prison. As Kligman later told a newspaper reporter, "All I saw before me were acres of skin. It was like a farmer seeing a field for the first time." Over the next 20 years, inmates willingly allowed Kligman to use their bodies in experiments involving toothpaste, deodorant, shampoo, skin creams, detergents, liquid diets, eye drops, foot powders, and hair dyes. Though the tests required constant biopsies and painful procedures, none of the inmates experienced long-term harm.
28. Henrietta Lacks
In 1955, Henrietta Lacks, a poor, uneducated African-American woman from Baltimore, was the unwitting source of cells which where then cultured for the purpose of medical research. Though researchers had tried to grow cells before, Henrietta's were the first successfully kept alive and cloned. Henrietta's cells, known as HeLa cells, have been instrumental in the development of the polio vaccine, cancer research, AIDS research, gene mapping, and countless other scientific endeavors. Henrietta died penniless and was buried without a tombstone in a family cemetery. For decades, her husband and five children were left in the dark about their wife and mother's amazing contribution to modern medicine.
27. Project QKHILLTOP
In 1954, the CIA developed an experiment called Project QKHILLTOP to study Chinese brainwashing techniques, which they then used to develop new methods of interrogation. Leading the research was Dr. Harold Wolff of Cornell University Medical School. After requesting that the CIA provide him with information on imprisonment, deprivation, humiliation, torture, brainwashing, hypnoses, and more, Wolff's research team began to formulate a plan through which they would develop secret drugs and various brain damaging procedures. According to a letter he wrote, in order to fully test the effects of the harmful research, Wolff expected the CIA to "make available suitable subjects."
26. Stateville Penitentiary Malaria Study
During World War II, malaria and other tropical diseases were impeding the efforts of American military in the Pacific. In order to get a grip, the Malaria Research Project was established at Stateville Penitentiary in Joliet, Illinois. Doctors from the University of Chicago exposed 441 volunteer inmates to bites from malaria-infected mosquitos. Though one inmate died of a heart attack, researchers insisted his death was unrelated to the study. The widely-praised experiment continued at Stateville for 29 years, and included the first human test of Primaquine, a medication still used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.
25. Emma Eckstein and Sigmund Freud
Despite seeking the help of Sigmund Freud for vague symptoms like stomach ailments and slight depression, 27-year old Emma Eckstein was "treated" by the German doctor for hysteria and excessive masturbation, a habit then considered dangerous to mental health. Emma's treatment included a disturbing experimental surgery in which she was anesthetized with only a local anesthetic and cocaine before the inside of her nose was cauterized. Not surprisingly, Emma's surgery was a disaster. Whether Emma was a legitimate medical patient or a source of more amorous interest for Freud, as a recent movie suggests, Freud continued to treat Emma for three years.
24. Dr. William Beaumont and the Stomach
In 1822, a fur trader on Mackinac Island in Michigan was accidentally shot in the stomach and treated by Dr. William Beaumont. Despite dire predictions, the fur trader survived — but with a hole (fistula) in his stomach that never healed. Recognizing the unique opportunity to observe the digestive process, Beaumont began conducting experiments. Beaumont would tie food to a string, then insert it through the hole in the trader's stomach. Every few hours, Beaumont would remove the food to observe how it had been digested. Though gruesome, Beaumont's experiments led to the worldwide acceptance that digestion was a chemical, not a mechanical, process.
23. Electroshock Therapy on Children
In the 1960s, Dr. Lauretta Bender of New York's Creedmoor Hospital began what she believed to be a revolutionary treatment for children with social issues — electroshock therapy. Bender's methods included interviewing and analyzing a sensitive child in front of a large group, then applying a gentle amount of pressure to the child's head. Supposedly, any child who moved with the pressure was showing early signs of schizophrenia. Herself the victim of a misunderstood childhood, Bender was said to be unsympathetic to the children in her care. By the time her treatments were shut down, Bender had used electroshock therapy on over 100 children, the youngest of whom was age three.
22. Project Artichoke
In the 1950s, the CIA's Office of Scientific Intelligence ran a series of mind control projects in an attempt to answer the question "Can we get control of an individual to the point where he will do our bidding against his will and even against fundamental laws of nature?" One of these programs, Project Artichoke, studied hypnosis, forced morphine addiction, drug withdrawal, and the use of chemicals to incite amnesia in unwitting human subjects. Though the project was eventually shut down in the mid-1960s, the project opened the door to extensive research on the use of mind-control in field operations.
21. Hepatitis in Mentally Disabled Children
In the 1950s, Willowbrook State School, a New York state-run institution for mentally handicapped children, began experiencing outbreaks of hepatitis. Due to unsanitary conditions, it was virtually inevitable that these children would contract hepatitis. Dr. Saul Krugman, sent to investigate the outbreak, proposed an experiment that would assist in developing a vaccine. However, the experiment required deliberately infecting children with the disease. Though Krugman's study was controversial from the start, critics were eventually silenced by the permission letters obtained from each child's parents. In reality, offering one's child to the experiment was oftentimes the only way to guarantee admittance into the overcrowded institution.
20. Operation Midnight Climax
Initially established in the 1950s as a sub-project of a CIA-sponsored, mind-control research program, Operation Midnight Climax sought to study the effects of LSD on individuals. In San Francisco and New York, unconsenting subjects were lured to safehouses by prostitutes on the CIA payroll, unknowingly given LSD and other mind-altering substances, and monitored from behind one-way glass. Though the safehouses were shut down in 1965, when it was discovered that the CIA was administering LSD to human subjects, Operation Midnight Climax was a theater for extensive research on sexual blackmail, surveillance technology, and the use of mind-altering drugs on field operations.
19. Study of Humans Accidentally Exposed to Fallout Radiation
The 1954 "Study of Response of Human Beings exposed to Significant Beta and Gamma Radiation due to Fall-out from High-Yield Weapons," known better as Project 4.1, was a medical study conducted by the U.S. of residents of the Marshall Islands. When the Castle Bravo nuclear test resulted in a yield larger than originally expected, the government instituted a top secret study to "evaluate the severity of radiation injury" to those accidentally exposed. Though most sources agree the exposure was unintentional, many Marshallese believed Project 4.1 was planned before the Castle Bravo test. In all, 239 Marshallese were exposed to significant levels of radiation.
18. The Monster Study
In 1939, University of Iowa researchers Wendell Johnson and Mary Tudor conducted a stuttering experiment on 22 orphan children in Davenport, Iowa. The children were separated into two groups, the first of which received positive speech therapy where children were praised for speech fluency. In the second group, children received negative speech therapy and were belittled for every speech imperfection. Normal-speaking children in the second group developed speech problems which they then retained for the rest of their lives. Terrified by the news of human experiments conducted by the Nazis, Johnson and Tudor never published the results of their "Monster Study."
17. Project MKUltra
Project MKUltra is the code name of a CIA-sponsored research operation that experimented in human behavioral engineering. From 1953 to 1973, the program employed various methodologies to manipulate the mental states of American and Canadian citizens. These unwitting human test subjects were plied with LSD and other mind-altering drugs, hypnosis, sensory deprivation, isolation, verbal and sexual abuse, and various forms of torture. Research occurred at universities, hospitals, prisons, and pharmaceutical companies. Though the project sought to develop "chemical […] materials capable of employment in clandestine operations," Project MKUltra was ended by a Congress-commissioned investigation into CIA activities within the U.S.
16. Experiments on Newborns
In the 1960s, researchers at the University of California began an experiment to study changes in blood pressure and blood flow. The researchers used 113 newborns ranging in age from one hour to three days old as test subjects. In one experiment, a catheter was inserted through the umbilical arteries and into the aorta. The newborn's feet were then immersed in ice water for the purpose of testing aortic pressure. In another experiment, up to 50 newborns were individually strapped onto a circumcision board, then tilted so that their blood rushed to their head and their blood pressure could be monitored.
15. The Aversion Project
In 1969, during South Africa's detestable Apartheid era, thousands of homosexuals were handed over to the care of Dr. Aubrey Levin, an army colonel and psychologist convinced he could "cure" homosexuals. At the Voortrekkerhoogte military hospital near Pretoria, Levin used electroconvulsive aversion therapy to "reorientate" his patients. Electrodes were strapped to a patient's upper arm with wires running to a dial calibrated from 1 to 10. Homosexual men were shown pictures of a naked man and encouraged to fantasize, at which point the patient was subjected to severe shocks. When Levin was warned that he would be named an abuser of human rights, he emigrated to Canada where he currently works at a teaching hospital.
14. Medical Experiments on Prison Inmates
Perhaps one benefit of being an inmate at California's San Quentin prison is the easy access to acclaimed Bay Area doctors. But if that's the case, then a downside is that these doctors also have easy access to inmates. From 1913 to 1951, Dr. Leo Stanley, chief surgeon at San Quentin, used prisoners as test subjects in a variety of bizarre medical experiments. Stanley's experiments included sterilization and potential treatments for the Spanish Flu. In one particularly disturbing experiment, Stanley performed testicle transplants on living prisoners using testicles from executed prisoners and, in some cases, from goats and boars.
13. Sexual Reassignment
In 1965, Canadian David Peter Reimer was born biologically male. But at seven months old, his penis was accidentally destroyed during an unconventional circumcision by cauterization. John Money, a psychologist and proponent of the idea that gender is learned, convinced the Reimers that their son would be more likely to achieve a successful, functional sexual maturation as a girl. Though Money continued to report only success over the years, David's own account insisted that he had never identified as female. He spent his childhood teased, ostracized, and seriously depressed. At age 38, David committed suicide by shooting himself in the head.
12. Effect of Radiation on Testicles
Between 1963 and 1973, dozens of Washington and Oregon prison inmates were used as test subjects in an experiment designed to test the effects of radiation on testicles. Bribed with cash and the suggestion of parole, 130 inmates willingly agreed to participate in the experiments conducted by the University of Washington on behalf of the U.S. government. In most cases, subjects were zapped with over 400 rads of radiation (the equivalent of 2,400 chest x-rays) in 10 minute intervals. However, it was much later that the inmates learned the experiments were far more dangerous than they had been told. In 2000, the former participants settled a $2.4 million class-action settlement from the University.
11. Stanford Prison Experiment
Conducted at Stanford University from August 14-20, 1971, the Stanford Prison Experiment was an investigation into the causes of conflict between military guards and prisoners. Twenty-four male students were chosen and randomly assigned roles of prisoners and guards. They were then situated in a specially-designed mock prison in the basement of the Stanford psychology building. Those subjects assigned to be guards enforced authoritarian measures and subjected the prisoners to psychological torture. Surprisingly, many of the prisoners accepted the abuses. Though the experiment exceeded the expectations of all of the researchers, it was abruptly ended after only six days.
10. Syphilis Experiments in Guatemala
From 1946 to 1948, the United States government, Guatemalan president Juan José Arévalo, and some Guatemalan health ministries, cooperated in a disturbing human experiment on unwitting Guatemalan citizens. Doctors deliberately infected soldiers, prostitutes, prisoners, and mental patients with syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases in an attempt to track their untreated natural progression. Treated only with antibiotics, the experiment resulted in at least 30 documented deaths. In 2010, the United States made a formal apology to Guatemala for their involvement in these experiments.
9. Tuskegee Syphilis Study
In 1932, the U.S. Public Health Service began working with the Tuskegee Institute to track the natural progression of untreated syphilis. Six hundred poor, illiterate, male sharecroppers were found and hired in Macon County, Alabama. Of the 600 men, only 399 had previously contracted syphilis, and none were told they had a life threatening disease. Instead, they were told they were receiving free healthcare, meals, and burial insurance in exchange for participating. Even after Penicillin was proven an effective cure for syphilis in 1947, the study continued until 1972. In addition to the original subjects, victims of the study included wives who contracted the disease, and children born with congenital syphilis. In 1997, President Bill Clinton formally apologized to those affected by what is often called the "most infamous biomedical experiment in U.S. history."
8. Milgram Experiment
In 1961, Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, began a series of social psychology experiments that measured the willingness of test subjects to obey an authority figure. Conducted only three months after the start of the trial of German Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, Milgram's experiment sought to answer the question, "Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders?" In the experiment, two participants (one secretly an actor and one an unwitting test subject) were separated into two rooms where they could hear, but not see, each other. The test subject would then read a series of questions to the actor, punishing each wrong answer with an electric shock. Though many people would indicate their desire to stop the experiment, almost all subjects continued when they were told they would not be held responsible, or that there would not be any permanent damage.
7. Infected Mosquitos in Towns
In 1956 and 1957, the United States Army conducted a number of biological warfare experiments on the cities of Savannah, Georgia and Avon Park, Florida. In one such experiment, millions of infected mosquitos were released into the two cities, in order to see if the insects could spread yellow fever and dengue fever. Not surprisingly, hundreds of researchers contracted illnesses that included fevers, respiratory problems, stillbirths, encephalitis, and typhoid. In order to photograph the results of their experiments, Army researchers pretended to be public health workers. Several people died as a result of the research.
6. Human Experimentation in the Soviet Union
Beginning in 1921 and continuing for most of the 21st century, the Soviet Union employed poison laboratories known as Laboratory 1, Laboratory 12, and Kamera as covert research facilities of the secret police agencies. Prisoners from the Gulags were exposed to a number of deadly poisons, the purpose of which was to find a tasteless, odorless chemical that could not be detected post mortem. Tested poisons included mustard gas, ricin, digitoxin, and curare, among others. Men and women of varying ages and physical conditions were brought to the laboratories and given the poisons as "medication," or part of a meal or drink.
5. Human Experimentation in North Korea
Several North Korean defectors have described witnessing disturbing cases of human experimentation. In one alleged experiment, 50 healthy women prisoners were given poisoned cabbage leaves — all 50 women were dead within 20 minutes. Other described experiments include the practice of surgery on prisoners without anesthesia, purposeful starvation, beating prisoners over the head before using the zombie-like victims for target practice, and chambers in which whole families are murdered with suffocation gas. It is said that each month, a black van known as "the crow" collects 40-50 people from a camp and takes them to an known location for experiments.
4. Nazi Human Experimentation
Over the course of the Third Reich and the Holocaust, Nazi Germany conducted a series of medical experiments on Jews, POWs, Romani, and other persecuted groups. The experiments were conducted in concentration camps, and in most cases resulted in death, disfigurement, or permanent disability. Especially disturbing experiments included attempts to genetically manipulate twins; bone, muscle, and nerve transplantation; exposure to diseases and chemical gasses; sterilization, and anything else the infamous Nazi doctors could think up. After the war, these crimes were tried as part of the Nuremberg Trial and ultimately led to the development of the Nuremberg Code of medical ethics.
3. Unit 731
From 1937 to 1945, the imperial Japanese Army developed a covert biological and chemical warfare research experiment called Unit 731. Based in the large city of Harbin, Unit 731 was responsible for some of the most atrocious war crimes in history. Chinese and Russian subjects — men, women, children, infants, the elderly, and pregnant women — were subjected to experiments which included the removal of organs from a live body, amputation for the study of blood loss, germ warfare attacks, and weapons testing. Some prisoners even had their stomachs surgically removed and their esophagus reattached to the intestines. Many of the scientists involved in Unit 731 rose to prominent careers in politics, academia, business, and medicine.
2. Radioactive Materials in Pregnant Women
Shortly after World War II, with the impending Cold War forefront on the minds of Americans, many medical researchers were preoccupied with the idea of radioactivity and chemical warfare. In an experiment at Vanderbilt University, 829 pregnant women were given "vitamin drinks" they were told would improve the health of their unborn babies. Instead, the drinks contained radioactive iron and the researchers were studying how quickly the radioisotope crossed into the placenta. At least seven of the babies later died from cancers and leukemia, and the women themselves experienced rashes, bruises, anemia, loss of hair and tooth, and cancer.
1. Mustard Gas Tested on American Military
In 1943, the U.S. Navy exposed its own sailors to mustard gas. Officially, the Navy was testing the effectiveness of new clothing and gas masks against the deadly gas that had proven so terrifying in the first World War. The worst of the experiments occurred at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington. Seventeen and 18-year old boys were approached after eight weeks of boot camp and asked if they wanted to participate in an experiment that would help shorten the war. Only when the boys reached the Research Laboratory were they told the experiment involved mustard gas. The participants, almost all of whom suffered severe external and internal burns, were ignored by the Navy and, in some cases, threatened with the Espionage Act. In 1991, the reports were finally declassified and taken before Congress.
Source: bestpsychologydegrees.com, xataka.com.mx
The Mazatlan Post


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"A delightful family film"
— Andy Webster, New York Times
Hilarious and Heartfelt Family Film Hits the Road Just in Time for Easter on
Blu-ray™ Combo Pack April 11
Get the Film Two Weeks Early on Digital HD March 28
HOLLYWOOD, Calif. – Get ready for "big, big fun" (Max Evry, Coming Soon) when the "perfect family film" (Mike Reyes, Cinemablend) MONSTER TRUCKS revs up on Blu-ray Combo Pack April 11, 2017 from Paramount Home Media Distribution. Get in the driver's seat two weeks early with the Digital HD release on March 28.
Tripp is a high school senior with a knack for building trucks who makes an incredible discovery – a gas-guzzling creature named Creech. To protect his mischievous new friend, Tripp hides Creech under the hood of his latest creation, turning it into a real-life super-powered Monster Truck. Together, this unlikely duo with a shared taste for speed team up on a wild and unforgettable journey to reunite Creech with his family. A fun-filled adventure that never slows down, MONSTER TRUCKS features a terrific ensemble cast including Lucas Till (X-Men: Apocalypse), Jane Levy (Don't Breathe), Thomas Lennon ("The Odd Couple"), Danny Glover (Lethal Weapon), Amy Ryan (Central Intelligence) and Rob Lowe ("Parks and Recreation").
A perfect family Easter gift, the MONSTER TRUCKS Blu-ray Combo Pack features over 40 minutes of action-packed behind-the-scenes bonus content. Take a look under the hood and discover the magic behind MONSTER TRUCKS with interviews from cast and crew, deleted scenes, a hilarious gag reel and much, much more! Plus, the Blu-ray Combo Pack includes collectible MONSTER TRUCKS wall decals, for a limited time while supplies last. The film also boasts a Dolby Atmos® soundtrack* remixed specifically for the home theater environment to place and move audio anywhere in the room, including overhead.
MONSTER TRUCKS Blu-ray Combo Pack
The MONSTER TRUCKS Blu-ray is presented in 1080p high definition with English Dolby Atmos (Dolby TrueHD compatible), French 5.1 Dolby Digital, Spanish 5.1 Dolby Digital, Portuguese 5.1 Dolby Digital and English Audio Description and English, English SDH, French, Spanish and Portuguese subtitles. The DVD in the combo pack is presented in widescreen enhanced for 16:9 TVs with English 5.1 Dolby Digital, French 5.1 Dolby Digital, Spanish 5.1 Dolby Digital and English Audio Description and English, French, Spanish and Portuguese subtitles. The combo pack includes access to a Digital HD copy of the film as well as the following:
- Feature film in high definition
- Bonus Content:
- Who's Driving the Monster Trucks?
- The Monster in the Truck
- Creating the Monster Truck
- Gag Reel
- Deleted Scenes
- Production Diaries
- Feature film in standard definition
The Blu-ray Combo Pack available for purchase includes a Digital HD copy of the film that can be accessed through UltraViolet™, a way to collect, access and enjoy movies. With UltraViolet, consumers can add movies to their digital collection in the cloud, and then stream or download them—reliably and securely—to a variety of devices.
MONSTER TRUCKS Single-Disc DVD
The single-disc DVD is presented in widescreen enhanced for 16:9 TVs with English 5.1 Dolby Digital, French 5.1 Dolby Digital, Spanish 5.1 Dolby Digital and English Audio Description and English, French, Spanish and Portuguese subtitles. The disc includes the film in standard definition.
Facebook: https://www.Facebook.com/MonsterTrucksMovie
Twitter: https://Twitter.com/MonsterTrucks
Amazon: http://j.mp/OwnMonsterTrucksNow
iTunes: http://j.mp/MonsterTrucksWebsite
Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies present a Disruption Entertainment production of a Chris Wedge film: "Monster Trucks." Music by David Sardy. Costume designer Tish Monaghan. Edited by Conrad Buff, ACE. Production designer Andrew Menzies. Director of photography Don Burgess, ASC. Executive producers Cale Boyter, Jonathan Aibel and Glenn Berger. Produced by Mary Parent, p.g.a. and Denis L. Stewart, p.g.a. Story by Matthew Robinson and Jonathan Aibel & Glenn Berger. Screenplay by Derek Connolly. Directed by Chris Wedge.
About Paramount Home Media Distribution
Paramount Home Media Distribution (PHMD) is part of Paramount Pictures Corporation (PPC), a global producer and distributor of filmed entertainment. PPC is a unit of Viacom (NASDAQ: VIAB, VIA), home to premier media brands that create television programs, motion pictures, consumer products, and digital content for audiences in 180 countries and territories. The PHMD division oversees PPC's home entertainment and transactional digital distribution activities worldwide. The division is responsible for the sales, marketing and distribution of home entertainment content on behalf of Paramount Pictures, Paramount Animation, Paramount Vantage, Paramount Classics, MTV, Nickelodeon, Comedy Central and CBS and applicable licensing and servicing of certain DreamWorks Animation titles. PHMD additionally manages global licensing of studio content and transactional distribution across worldwide digital distribution platforms including online, mobile and portable devices and emerging technologies.
About Dolby Atmos
Dolby Atmos delivers moving audio—sound that can be precisely placed and moved anywhere in three-dimensional space, including overhead. It brings entertainment alive all around the audience in a powerfully immersive and emotive experience. To learn more about Dolby Atmos, visit dolby.com/Atmos.
Street Date: March 28, 2017 (Digital HD)
April 11, 2017 (Blu-ray, DVD, and On Demand)
U.S. Rating: PG for action, peril, brief scary images and some rude humor
Canadian Rating: PG for violence, not recommended for young children
* To experience Dolby Atmos at home, a Dolby Atmos enabled AV receiver and additional speakers are required, or a Dolby Atmos enabled sound bar; however, Dolby Atmos soundtracks are also fully backward compatible with traditional audio configurations and legacy home entertainment equipment.


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Analysis: Is Melendez-Diaz already endangered?
on Jun 29, 2009 at 1:51 pm
(NOTE: This post is an updated and modified version of a post that appeared here earlier this afternoon about the new Briscoe case.)
A fascinating possibility emerged Monday afternoon as the Supreme Court closed its Term: Judge Sonia Sotomayor, if confirmed as a Justice, may hold the deciding vote on the future of a controversial ruling that the present Court issued just last Thursday: the ruling in Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts (07-591). A strongly worded dissent in that case made it clear that four Justices would not soon be reconciled to that decision — a ruling that they argued would result in "a distortion of the criminal justice system."
The ruling, made under the Constitution's Confrontation Clause, requires the prosecution, if it plans to present a lab report as evidence in a criminal trial, to make the analyst who prepared it available for on-demand cross-examination by defense counsel. The decision came on a 5-4 vote.
If it were possible to pick up a fifth vote, could the dissenters from that case then lead the Court to reconsider — or least narrow considerably — the decision in Melendez-Diaz? Perhaps; one of the five in the majority was Justice David H. Souter, who retired on Monday.  There is, it would seem, at least a chance that his designated successor, Judge Sotomayor, would not be prepared to embrace Melendez-Diaz, at least without some restriction on its scope; she has a record on criminal law issues that appears to be somewhat more prosecution-oriented than Justice Souter's has been.
This is speculation, of course, but there is little else to suggest why the Court announced Monday that, next Term, it will review the case of Briscoe, et al., v. Virginia (07-11191). Here is the question raised in the Briscoe petition, filed in May of last year by University of Michigan law professor Richard D. Friedman:
"If a state allows a prosecutor to introduce a certificate of a forensic laboratory analysis, without presenting the testimony of the analyst who prepared the certificate, does the state avoid violating the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment by providing that the accused has a right to call the analyst as his own witness?"
If one reads the majority opinion in Melendez-Diaz, the Court appears to have decided that issue already: it is not enough, the Court said last week, to allow the accused to call the lab technician as a defense witness; the prosecution must have the technician available for cross-examination, if the accused wishes to invoke that right under the Sixth Amendment.
The Court clearly had been holding the Briscoe case until it decided Melendez-Diaz, and then, according to the electronic docket, scheduled it for consideration at the final Conference Monday, in the wake of Melendez-Diaz. If normal procedures had been followed, Justice Antonin Scalia, the author of the Melendez-Diaz, would have prepared a memo on what to do with Briscoe — ordinarily, recommending that it simply be denied, or that it be vacated and sent back for reconsideration. Indeed, the reconsideration alternative was ordered by the Court in five other cases that the Court had been holding for Melendez-Diaz.
Instead, the Court — or at least four Justices — voted to grant review in Briscoe, and set the Court on the path to full review next Term. It would be no surprise whatsoever if the state of Virginia — or some of the amici in support — would use Justice Anthony M. Kennedy's rhetoric from the dissent last Thursday to assail Melendez-Diaz, and to suggest that, if it is not to be overruled outright, it should be made easier to get around — as in requiring the accused's lawyer to summon the technician to the stand as his own witness.
The Virginia law that is at issue in the case requires an accused to call as a defense witness the technician who prepared a lab report that is being used as evidence supporting guilt. The state Supreme Court ruled that, if an accused does not follow that procedure, he surrenders his right to confront and cross-examine the report's author. The state court ruling can be found here. Cert papers are available here.
The petition was granted in the second round of the Court's orders Monday, disposing of remaining cases before the summer recess began. This new group of orders is available here.
It is a rare thing, of course, for the Court to reconsider a decision so soon after it has been decided. But it is not unprecedented, and the rhetorical and logical assertiveness of the Melendez-Diaz dissent certainly raises the chance that the decision's life as a precedent, at least as it fully emerged, may be shortened.
Along with Justices Scalia and Souter, the majority in Melendez-Diaz included Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg, John Paul Stevens and Clarence Thomas. Joining Kennedy in dissent were Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr., and Justices Samuel A. Alito, Jr., and Stephen G. Breyer.


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However, I hadn't scrapbooked in years until Cheryl called and asked me to be on the Creative Imaginations Design Team......so I'm using photos of the Grandkids to make some fun pages and use all my other ART stuff.
This is Erin at her new house in front on their park bench with a colorful umbrella. The shot just screamed for Petaloo Flowers!!!!!!!!!! And they matched perfectly. The Luminarte Radiant Rain and Twinkling H2O's were used on the Maya Road letters and the Black Doily paper. The Blue Pearl RR spray on the black paper is really great in person...photo does not show the metallic shine well.
The white pen marks made the papers pop. And of course, Distress Inks had to be used on all the edges to add just a bit more color.
May 1st is National Scrapbook Day so go take a peek at the CI blog and get some inspiration...(Erin's page is over there with all the details on product).
Have a great day...I'm going to be in the GARDEN!!!!


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PRAIRIE NATURALS - R+Alpha Lipoic Acid - 60 veggie Capsule(s) - NPN: 80025555 -- This newer, advanced form of Alpha Lipoic Acid works more effectively to prevent the oxidation that leads to accelerated cellular aging, vision deterioration and many other age-related diseases including insulin resistance. Recent research indicates that R+Alpha Lipoic Acid is the more natural, biologically active component that is responsible for Lipoic Acids stunning effects. As a powerful antioxidant that is both fat and water soluble, R+Alpha Lipoic Acid also helps prevent cell damage throughout the body especially to the brain and liver.
Medicinal Ingredients
- R-alpha-lipoic acid100 mg
- Magnesium Stearate
- Microcrystalline cellulose
- Silicon dioxide
- Vegetable cellulose
- Water


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In the year since the deadly mass shooting at a Florida high school, more and more states have passed laws making it easier to take guns away from people who may be suicidal or bent on violence against others, and courts are issuing an unprecedented number of seizure orders across the country.
Supporters say these "red flag" laws are among the most promising tools to reduce the nearly 40,000 suicides and homicides by firearm each year in the U.S. Gun advocates, though, say such measures undermine their constitutional rights and can result in people being stripped of their weapons on false or vindictive accusations.
Nine states have passed laws over the past year allowing police or household members to seek court orders requiring people deemed threatening to temporarily surrender their guns, bringing the total to 14. Several more are likely to follow in the months ahead.
More than 1,700 orders allowing guns to be seized for weeks, months or up to a year were issued in 2018 by the courts after they determined the individuals were a threat to themselves or others, according to data from several states obtained by The Associated Press. The actual number is probably much higher since the data was incomplete and didn't include California.
The laws gained momentum after it was learned that the young man accused in the Florida attack, Nikolas Cruz, was widely known to be mentally troubled yet had access to weapons, including the assault-style rifle used to kill 17 students and staff members last Valentine's Day at Parkland's Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School.
"Parkland would never have happened if Florida had a red flag law," Linda Beigel Schulman said during a recent news conference with New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo, who is expected to sign his state's new law any day. Her son, Scott Beigel, was a teacher and coach killed during the Parkland attack.
Florida passed a red flag law as part of a gun-control package in the wake of the shooting. Aside from New York, Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Rhode Island and Vermont also have adopted variations since then. California, Connecticut, Indiana, Oregon and Washington already had similar laws.
Several states are debating them this year, including New Mexico, where two students were killed in a school shooting in December 2017.
Mike Heal, police chief in the town of Aztec, responded to the shooting at the local high school and testified in support of the red flag proposal, saying, "I know I cannot keep everyone safe, but give me the tools to try."
The laws are being invoked frequently in many of the states that have them.
Authorities in Maryland granted more than 300 petitions to temporarily disarm individuals in the three months after the state's law went into effect Oct. 1. Montgomery County Sheriff Darren Popkin said the cases included four "significant" threats of school shootings, and that a majority of the people who were subjects of the orders were suffering from mental health crises.
"These orders are not only being issued appropriately, they are saving lives," Popkin told lawmakers last month.
In Vermont, a prosecutor obtained an order to strip gun rights from a teenager released from jail after being accused of plotting a school shooting.
Florida courts granted more than 1,000 orders in the first nine months of its new law. Broward County, which includes Parkland, has been at the forefront, accounting for roughly 15 percent of cases statewide.
Among the first people subjected to the law was Cruz's younger brother, who authorities said was showing signs of violence after allegedly trespassing at the high school after the shooting. In another case, Florida authorities took dozens of firearms from a bailiff accused of threatening other courthouse employees.
Connecticut has the nation's longest-standing red flag law, which went into effect in 1999 after a mass shooting at the state lottery office. Authorities there say new awareness of the law contributed to a spike in 2018 in warrants issued to take away weapons — 268, the highest total on record, according to court data.
The rise reflects the more aggressive posture police have adopted since the 2012 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown and other attacks.
One study found that the Connecticut law reduced gun suicides by more than 10 percent in recent years and that a similar law in Indiana led to a 7.5 percent drop.
"It really gives us a unique opportunity as prosecutors to come in before the violence has occurred. Often we are tackling it on the other side," said Kimberly Wyatt, a prosecutor in King County, Washington, who has been seeking one or two such orders per week in and around Seattle.
She said authorities use the best available research and their judgment, looking at whether a person has talked about suicide, threatened others, stalked someone or shown signs of a mental health crisis.
Gun-rights advocates argue that the laws can be used unfairly based on unproven accusations.
"In today's society, the police are going to err on the side of caution. The threshold for issuing these types of warrants has been lowered," lamented Scott Wilson Sr., president of the Connecticut Citizens Defense League.
Debates in state legislatures often turn on how much due process gun owners should receive and who can petition for the orders. In some states, only police can file the petitions. Other states allow members of the person's household, relatives, school officials, employers and health care providers to do so.
Most states allow for temporary orders that are issued for days or weeks. Judges then hold hearings to decide whether to extend them for up to one year.
During the debate in New Mexico, Army veteran Rico Giron testified that people could see their guns seized over grudges between family members or neighbors.
"It's incredibly dangerous because it opens the door for vindictiveness and revenge," Giron said.
The bill's sponsor, Democratic Rep. Daymon Ely, said he wants parents to have another option if they have a child suffering from mental illness.
"The state has an obligation to say, 'Yes, there is something we can do for you,'" Ely said.
Copyright 2019 WUSF Public Media - WUSF 89.7


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Nitrocharger Sport Shock Absorbers
Where the purpose of a spring is to carry the load of a vehicle and its cargo, a shock absorber works to control the spring by absorbing excess energy and, in doing so, has a profound impact on your vehicle's ride and handling.
During the development of OME's Nitrocharger Sport shock absorbers, particular focus is placed on how well they are matched to the specific springs they'll be controlling, with Ride Control Engineers tailoring shock absorber valving to work with the different springs in the range, often resulting in multiple shock absorber options for each vehicle.
Whether it's for work or play, ARB has a solution for just about any application.


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I'm a senior software developer in Sarasota Florida. Currently Java, but a lot of C/C++ in the past. My preferred operating system is Linux. My current GPG key (90BB 5F79 7B0E D14D 310F 90BE 39B3 786A 18C9 3DAD) is here. My older defunct GPG key (454E 2A52 81F2 1190 DDD6 4F8F 5145 30EB D4DF 5903) is here.
Any opinions expressed here are strictly my own.
I went to high school in Chevy Chase Maryland. I studied physics for my undergraduate at FIT and my masters at Georgia Tech. Later I ended up in Austin where I am now.
These are my notes on setting on IPv6 on my home network. It's not complete and it's not a tutorial, but I thought I'd post it in case it's helpful.
In Progress - Check back later.
Recently I installed Linux on a MacBook Pro that my employer was kinda enough to provide me. Since I found the experience surprisingly challenging I thought I'd document what I did. Hopefully it will be helpful. The instructions here will be biased toward a recent MacBook Pro (Intel i7 16 GB RAM with OS X 10.8) and a recent version of Linux (Fedora 17 64 bit) since that's what I did.
Update: Since writing this I've decided that a slightly different approach might be better, but what I've described here is probably good enough. I think that when in play mode pacat should fully read stdin every read regardless of what is requested by pulseaudio. It should then buffer just enough so that it's reasonably confident that the current and future requests from pulseaudio can be satisfied. I'll look into "module-loopback" and see if such an approach makes sense for it.
Recently I've been annoyed by how slowly (30 seconds or so) my laptop connected to Wi-Fi. Although my laptop runs Fedora 15 with a Broadcom chipset it's possible that what I've found will benefit other configurations.
In terms of communication between NetworkManager and wpa_supplicant the process begins with NetworkManager calling the "Scan" method on wpa_supplicant. wpa_supplicant sends various "PropertiesChanged" signals that may type "Scanning" or "BSSs" as determined by the keys of that signal. Ultimately NetworkManager is waiting for a suitable "BSSs".
I thought I'd publish some small OpenGL utitilies that I've written. Included in GLMisc is a utility called "sdl-events" that displays all SDL events. Another utility call "shapes" exercises various OpenGL APIs. Finally there is an odd program called "ellipses" that demonstrates that the perspective projection of a circle is an ellipse. You can download it here.
Two years ago I became curious what it would be like if bots in Nexuiz, my favorite FPS video game, were able to aim perfectly when armed with a "nex" (an instant hit weapon that is like a rail-gun or a rifle). Although this at first sounds like a masochistic experiment for the human player there are cases where it makes human/bot play more fun. Making bots aim perfectly is an odd but effective way of compensating for shortcomings in the bot's AI for some of the more complexed modes (CTF, etc.).
Although I've had an Android based phone for a while (the ADP1, the developer version of the T-Mobile G1) since I recently purchased what is now a Linux based laptop (Fedora 11 x86_64, to be exact) I'm now interested in tethering (network connectivity via the phone's USB data cable). Jump to the download section to download my scripts without reading this long blog post.
Recently I became curious about MDI files. In order to better understand MIDI files I found that TiMidity++ is helpful for playing and converting MIDI files. This site describes the layout of MIDI files.
I also came across an interesting utility called midicomp that converts MDI files to and from human readable text files.
In my previous blog post I mentioned that with JCols I explored evaluating user specified JavaScript expressions in Java with Rhino. In order to make JCols as fast as possible I recently experimented with evaluating user specified Java expressions that are compiled using Java 6's JavaCompiler (that's just the name of the interface, but that's what I'll refer to it as). I've concluded the following about the JavaCompiler:


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Producer Joel Surnow Says 'Kennedys' Was Nearly Killed Because of His Political Views (Exclusive)
The most radioactive miniseries ever made airs on April 3 on ReelzChannel. Now the producer, a rare Hollywood conservative, asks The Hollywood Reporter magazine: "If Tom Hanks … did this show, would there be a problem?"
The following story appears in the upcoming issue of The Hollywood Reporter magazine on
Joel Surnow was in the middle of a tennis game when he first realized The Kennedys might be in serious trouble. It was May 2010, and the Emmy-winning 24 producer was taking a break from preparing his ambitious $30 million miniseries about America's political dynasty, a lavish production that was to signal both a new chapter in Surnow's career and a bold move into scripted programming for the History channel. Stung by criticism from Kennedy family allies about a leaked early draft of the script, Surnow and his creative team were collaborating with History's in-house advisers to ensure that the eight-part piece of historical fiction didn't skew too far from the facts. But on that May afternoon, less than a month before shooting was scheduled to begin, the tenor of the relationship changed.
A routine script meeting between screenwriter Stephen Kronish and History historian Steven Gillon had not gone well, prompting Gillon to fly from New York to Los Angeles to meet with Asylum Entertainment, which was producing the miniseries with Montreal-based Muse Entertainment. At the meeting that morning, Gillon had produced more than 20 pages of color-coded notes outlining specific and wholesale new changes that needed to be made — and fast. A scene depicting the White House communicating directly with soldiers during the Bay of Pigs invasion had to be changed. The house in a scene featuring John F. Kennedy's reputed mistress Marilyn Monroe was ordered to appear different. And so on. Asylum president and chief creative officer Jonathan Koch called Surnow on the court to relay the clear message: The level of scrutiny of the project had been ratcheted up, and if the changes weren't made, the project would likely be killed.
"I was sitting there on the court, and I said, 'This is real, and we might be in serious jeopardy,' " Surnow recalls.
Many months later in January, even after producers made the requested changes and Gillon gave his blessing to the script, The Kennedys was abruptly yanked from History in advance of its planned airdate, perhaps the most high-profile television project ever shelved by its network after being greenlighted, filmed and nearly finished. The move likely cost History parent A&E Television Networks and its owners, Disney, NBCUniversal and Hearst Corp., millions of dollars in production and marketing costs and led to questions about the level of accuracy required of historical fiction, as well as allegations that network executives were bullied by the Kennedy family into censoring or shelving a project deemed critical of the powerful clan.
Indeed, in the wake of the miniseries' cancellation, sources close to the decision-making process told The Hollywood Reporter that executives, including Disney/ABC Television Group president Anne Sweeney, who sits on the AETN board, were personally lobbied by Caroline Kennedy, who has a book deal with Disney's Hyperion publishing division and is planning to release a collection of interviews with her mother, the late Jacqueline Kennedy, this fall to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the first year of JFK's presidency. One source says Kennedy's promotion of the book on ABC's Good Morning America hung in the balance, based on what happened with the miniseries. In addition, Kennedy scion Maria Shriver, who attends church with Sweeney in the Los Angeles area, also has close ties to NBCUniversal, where she worked in its news division. She is said to have voiced her displeasure with the project to then-NBCU execs Jeff Zucker and Jeff Gaspin. (Through reps, AETN, Disney, NBCU and Hearst executives declined comment.)
Surnow, the rare outspoken conservative in liberal-leaning Hollywood, believes the May 2010 meeting provided a peek at the political forces that ultimately led to The Kennedys moving from History to the independent ReelzChannel, where it will have its world premiere on April 3. Surnow says he is still not sure who killed the miniseries at History, but he believes the project was doomed the moment he became involved.
"Because I am a known conservative, it appears that I was deemed unfit to be the person to produce this miniseries," Surnow says, breaking his silence on the controversy during a lengthy interview with The Hollywood Reporter at his Woodland Hills home. "This is despite the fact that I'm American, and John F. Kennedy was my president as much as anybody else's president. I am a proud American, proud of the Kennedys for their accomplishments and their place in history, but none of that was given voice. I wasn't Emmy Award-winning Joel Surnow, I was Rush Limbaugh's and Roger Ailes' friend Joel Surnow. And that's all that mattered."
"Because I am a known conservative, it appears that I was deemed unfit to produce this miniseries. I wasn't Emmy Award-winning Joel Surnow, I was Rush Limbaugh's friend Joel Surnow." — Joel Surnow, executive producer of "The Kennedys"
The saga of The Kennedys began not with Surnow but with History senior vp programming Dirk Hoogstra, who, during a 2008 meeting with producer Jonathan Koch, mentioned that the network of Ice Road Truckers was interested in launching scripted historical dramas and that the Kennedy family might provide fertile material. On his way home from the meeting, Koch called Surnow, co-creator of Fox's innovative counterterrorism serial 24, who had teamed with Koch on a pilot for TNT. As it happened, Surnow, now 56, was hanging out at his house that day with Kronish, a 24writer and a big Kennedys buff. Surnow told Koch to drive over immediately.
"We sat in those chairs right there," Surnow recalls, pointing to the porch under a walnut tree behind his ranch-style home in the San Fernando Valley, "and Kronish proceeded to basically tell the story of our miniseries. The story of Joe Kennedy, Joe Jr., the boys and everything that you sort of roughly remember about the Kennedys — but then in details that really made it come to life."
In summer 2009, armed with a fully shaped outline, the producers and Kronish pitched Lifetime and History president Nancy Dubuc and development execs David McKillop and Hoogstra in New York. The story would chronicle a time frame going from JFK's 1960 presidential election to Bobby Kennedy's assassination in 1968, with flashbacks filling in the family's story. Surnow, Koch and partner Steven Michaels, as well as Michael Prupas of Muse and producer Jamie Paul Rock, would form the key creative team, along with director Jon Cassar, editor David Thompson and composer Sean Callery, all 24 vets. Muse would raise almost half of the budget via international presales in a model similar to how independent films are financed, with AETN kicking in half the budget for U.S. rights (AETN later bought U.K., Latin America and U.S. home video rights).
In those initial meetings with History, were there any discussions of Surnow's political leanings?
"No, zero," Surnow says adamantly. "Zero, zero, zero." But by then his conservative ideology was well known in Hollywood. An unabashed Republican (he sometimes smokes cigars with Limbaugh), Surnow and 24 had become embroiled in the national debate over the Bush administration's position on torture. His post-24 projects included Fox News' short-lived ½ Hour News Hour, a Daily Show of sorts aimed at conservatives.
"I said to Jonathan — during the process — that eventually the awareness of my political leanings and the friends I have could come back to bite us in the ass," Surnow recalls.
Those nibbles came quickly. Immediately after the project was announced in December 2009, critics pounced. In February 2010, The New York Times ran a front-page story in which former JFK adviser Theodore Sorensen called the project "vindictive" and "malicious."
"At that point, things changed dramatically," recalls Muse's Prupas. "Suddenly there was greater focus on what was going into the material. But it seemed to me that we had a very supportive, enthusiastic network behind us."
After enlisting Gillon and historian Robert Dallek, both of whom had written well-regarded books on John F. Kennedy, History encouraged the producers to deliver additional scripts and assembled a cast of film actors, including Greg Kinnear (John F. Kennedy), Tom Wilkinson (Joe Kennedy Sr.) and Barry Pepper (Robert F. Kennedy), along with Katie Holmes (Jacqueline Kennedy). With the HBO-caliber cast set, only final script approval remained. Surnow says the May 2010 meeting with Gillon and his color-coded memo led to a period of feverish, up-all-night writing and revising.
"They were down to specific words," Surnow says. Producers, for instance, had wanted Jack Kennedy to go to Hyannis Port, Mass., before his father had a stroke, but the historians nixed that. "We had a magnifying glass over every line."
Surnow reaches across the table, opens a computer and reveals an e-mail dated May 25 from Gillon to him, Koch and McKillop: "I have approved the latest version of episode one for historical accuracy. Congratulations." Surnow has similar e-mails for all the other episodes.
But the fight wasn't over. Even after shooting the miniseries in Toronto from June through September 2010, producers felt additional pressure over historical accuracy. After the project was canceled, The New York Times, citing anonymous sources, wrote that when History historians viewed the edited version of the miniseries, they complained that it still contained several scenes of questionable factuality, including depictions of the family's sex lives.
"That's not true," Surnow responds. "The historians went through and asked us a couple questions, just crossing-every-t, dotting-every-i stuff, but they were just notes. Nothing of any historical substance."
For instance, Surnow says the advisers asked producers to prove that a rifle hung on the wall of the White House. "It was literally that specific," he says. "The level of scrutiny was intense."
Still, sources cited by the Times claimed the historians, who declined through a History rep to comment for this article, wrote key memos to the AETN board outlining lingering factual concerns about the miniseries. The advisers, for instance, were said to have criticized a sequence in Episode 6 during the Cuban Missile Crisis where Jackie is depicted threatening to leave JFK with the kids due to his dalliances with other women.
"She did leave the house then," Surnow says. "She might not have left for the reasons we put in the show, but we had it on historical record the days she was in the White House and the days she wasn't in the White House, so that was accurate. When you are compressing eight years into eight hours, very often if you want to make a point about their marriage, sometimes you are going to juxtapose things."
Under the microscope, Surnow was getting nervous, especially after History postponed a plan to air a two-minute trailer for the miniseries in movie theaters during the holiday season. A decision to forgo a presentation at January's Television Critics Association gathering in L.A. added to his suspicions. But if there was a debate at AETN about whether to kill the project, the producers were not included in the discussion.
Then in early January, the bomb dropped. Surnow received a call while in his living room, informing him that a press release was being prepared. "While the film is produced and acted with the highest quality, after viewing the final product in its totality, we have concluded this dramatic interpretation is not a fit for the History brand," the release announced. Surnow called Kinnear's CAA agent Rick Kurtzman and Holmes' manager John Carrabino — neither of whom knew anything about the behind-the-scenes drama. Sources say the reps were livid, especially Carrabino, who had fought for Holmes to be cast as the iconic first lady. (CAA declined to comment; Carrabino didn't return a call.) Wilkinson, Pepper and the rest of the cast and crew learned the news when THR broke the story Jan. 7 on its website.
Surnow hesitates to blame anyone in particular for the decision, especially AETN president and CEO Abbe Raven or History's Dubuc, both of whom championed the project and maintain a good relationship with the producer.
"I will say it happened at the corporate level, at the board level," says Surnow. "I don't want to mention anyone by name. I read the same articles you read. To this day, I'm not sure if it's the whole story. I think it's very simple to say that certain board members are friends with the Kennedys."
Surnow believes the proof that the decision was made for personal rather than business reasons can be found in the U.K., where the History Channel, co-owned there by AETN and BSkyB, will air The Kennedys in its entirety, beginning April 7, even though the BBC offered a multimillion dollar deal to take it off their hands. In Surnow's eyes, political pressure made the miniseries good enough for AETN to fight for it in the U.K., but "not a fit" for the History brand in the U.S.
Immediately after yanking the miniseries, AETN began shopping U.S. rights. Execs at Showtime, which took on the controversial Reagans miniseries in 2003 when CBS advertisers balked, were not interested. HBO, AMC, FX, TNT, Starz and DirecTV passed.
But when Stan Hubbard, CEO of the family-owned ReelzChannel, read about Showtime balking, he called up his friend, the network's chairman and CEO Matt Blank. "I asked Matt, 'Is it Kennedy bashing? What's wrong with it?' "Hubbard recalls. "He went on to tell me how good it was. After seeing The Kennedys, his regard for the Kennedys as leaders and contributors went up. Based on that, I said, 'Who do I call?' "
Less than 10 days later — after Hubbard and his wife watched all eight episodes during a single Friday night and Saturday morning marathon — Reelz had closed a deal to world-premiere the miniseries beginning April 3. Hubbard won't reveal the price tag, but sources say Reelz is paying around $7 million. He says he has committed to a marketing budget of around $10 million and has hired awards consultants to push the miniseries for Emmys.
Hubbard, who says he has not heard from the Kennedy family, sees the miniseries not just as a onetime bid for publicity and viewers but as a lure to increase carriage. The network, launched five years ago, is seen in about 60 million homes but is not carried by biggies Cablevision or Cox. Hubbard has reported early success, doubling weekly viewership for programs since the Kennedys deal was announced, but analysts are still skeptical.
"That's a heck of a lot of money to be paying," notes Alan Gould, managing director and media analyst for Evercore Partners. "I don't see people running to say, 'Gee, I need the Reelz Channel to watch The Kennedys.' "
And luring advertisers has been difficult. Presenting sponsor Cadillac, which had produced an elaborate two-minute commercial, scrapped the campaign, as did others. But Hubbard says commercial time is now 60 percent sold, with at least 15 sponsors on board.
"Our advertising won't be anywhere near what we hoped," he says. "But we knew that risk when we stepped up. That's part of being an independent. We can accept that risk."
As for Surnow, he is already considering another miniseries project. He says his objections to how the Kennedys miniseries was handled have nothing to do with the Kennedy family. "If somebody was doing a miniseries about my family, I'd do the same thing as the Kennedys," he says. "I admire the Kennedy family for trying to preserve the legacy of their family in the most positive light. You would do that, I would do that. The problem is when people inside the media are influenced by that, they cease to become objective, and then they become partisan. The fact of the matter is that JFK was my president as well as their president. Let me ask you a question: If Tom Hanks and Steven Spielberg did this show, do you think there would be a problem?"
ReelzChannel & The Kennedys
For most cable networks, deciding whether to take on a controversial miniseries like The Kennedys would involve long meetings, executive strategy sessions and approval from a board of directors. "For me it was a call to six family members," says Stan Hubbard, CEO of ReelzChannel. "We're all partners in the business that we own together — my dad, three sisters and a brother." Launched in 2006, the Albuquerque, N.M.-based channel was previously known more for nightly movies and chat shows featuring film commentators Leonard Maltin, Sam Rubin and Richard Roeper. The channel, a subsidiary of the family's Hubbard Broadcasting, which owns TV and radio stations in New York, New Mexico and other markets, is now in about 60 million homes and attracts about 5.5 million viewers a week. That number is sure to rise with the weeklong broadcast of The Kennedys, after which the network will try to keep the momentum going by launching a reality/chat show with former NBA star John Salley. "This is a big deal for us," Hubbard says. "We hope this will help people discover ReelzChannel."
Abbe Raven
A&E Networks president and CEO championed The Kennedys as History's first scripted miniseries. Producer Joel Surnow says he maintains a good relationship with her.
Nancy Dubuc
The well-regarded president and CEO of Lifetime and History was an early proponent of the series after hearing Surnow's pitch in summer 2009.
Stan Hubbard
After watching the entire miniseries in a marathon weekend screening, the president and CEO of ReelzChannel was convinced he wanted to air it on his 5-year-old network.
Anne Sweeney
The Disney/ABC TV group president sits on the board of AETN, which Surnow believes shelved the miniseries in part because of his political leanings.


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Xot wrote:This engine grew up into Adventure Construction Set from EA. Stuart Smith was really ahead of his time.
doctorclu wrote:Really appreciate the advice on how to play the network game, and really appreciate the attention you gave this game.
doctorclu wrote:I tried to access your website a few days ago with little luck, had me worried that this website was gone.
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text:
Upload the tutorial data
This tutorial uses a set of data that is designed to show you the features in the product. Using the tutorial data ensures that your search results are consistent with the steps in the tutorial.
- You must have the tutorial data files on your computer.
- The tutorialdata.zip file must remain compressed to upload the file successfully. Some browsers automatically uncompress ZIP files. See Download the tutorial data files for more information.
- It is helpful to understand the type of data you that are uploading with this tutorial. See What is in the tutorial data?.
Use the Add Data wizard
- If there is a Welcome window displayed, close that window.
- Click Settings > Add Data.
- At the bottom of the window, click Upload. There are other options for adding data, but for this tutorial you will upload the data files.
- Under Select Source, click Select File.
- In your download directory, select the
file and click Open.Because you specified a compressed file, the Splunk software recognizes that type of data source. The Set Source Type step in the Add Data wizard is skipped. When you load data that is not in a compressed file, you will be asked to set the data source type.
- Click Next to continue to Input Settings.
- Under Input Settings, you can override the default settings for Host, Source type, and Index.
Because this tutorial uses a ZIP file, you are going to modify the Host setting to assign the host values by using a portion of the path name for the files included in the ZIP file. The setting that you specify depends whether you are using Splunk Cloud Platform or Splunk Enterprise, and on the operating system that you are using.
- Splunk Cloud Platform
- a. Select Segment in path.
- b. Type
for the segment number.
- Splunk Enterprise for Linux or Mac OS X
- a. Select Segment in path.
- b. Type
for the segment number.
- Click Review. The following screen appears where you can review your input settings.
- Click Submit to add the data.
- To see the data in the Search app, click Start Searching.
You might see a screen asking if you want to take a tour. You can take the tour or click Skip.
The Search app opens and a search is automatically run on the tutorial data source.
Success! The results confirm that the data in thetutorialdata.zip
file was indexed and that events were created. - Click the Splunk logo to return to Splunk Home.
Next step
You have completed Part 2 of the Search Tutorial.
Now you know how to add data to your Splunk platform. Next, you will begin to learn how to search that data. Continue to Part 3: Using the Splunk Search App.
What is in the tutorial data? | Exploring the Search views |
This documentation applies to the following versions of Splunk® Enterprise: 8.2.0, 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.2.3, 8.2.4, 8.2.5, 8.2.6, 8.2.7, 8.2.8, 8.2.9, 8.2.10, 8.2.11, 8.2.12, 9.0.0, 9.0.1, 9.0.2, 9.0.3, 9.0.4, 9.0.5, 9.0.6, 9.0.7, 9.0.8, 9.0.9, 9.0.10, 9.1.0, 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.3, 9.1.4, 9.1.5, 9.2.0, 9.2.1, 9.2.2


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Bruker announced the release of the first turnkey solution for Li battery electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM) research. The new EC-AFM accessory adds a sealed electrochemical cell specifically designed for battery research and turnkey 1ppm environmental control to the industry-leading Dimension Icon® AFM platform to enable long-term in situ studies of Li battery electrodes. This solution also leverages Bruker's exclusive Peak Force Tapping® technology to provide the easiest available fluid imaging with ScanAsyst® and to track in situ nanoscale electrode changes during a charging cycle with high-resolution PeakForce QNM® property mapping.
"Consumer demands for substantially increased energy density, power density, and lifetime associated with new battery applications are driving extensive efforts to optimize Li battery electrode structures," said Mark R. Munch, Ph.D., President of the Bruker Nano Surfaces Division. "Our new electrochemical accessory package transforms the Dimension Icon AFM into a turnkey battery research solution that ideally meets these needs."
"With the release of our second-generation EC-AFM package, Bruker continues its commitment to green energy research," added David V. Rossi, Executive Vice President and General Manager of Bruker's AFM Business. "The combination of PeakForce QNM with environmental and electrochemical control that is tailored for Li batteries uniquely provides quantitative and relevant nanoscale characterization of Li battery anodes and cathodes."
About Dimension Icon Electrochemistry
The Dimension Icon electrochemical accessory is designed for the widest chemical solvent compatibility, combining inert Teflon and Kel-F cell bodies with a sealed chamber to enable long-term in situ electrode studies under electrochemical control and in volatile solvents. The cup-shaped electrochemical cell is designed to allow efficient sample change and connection independent from counter-electrode (dis)assembly. It is fully compatible with Bruker's recently introduced 1ppm environmental control package, creating a turnkey system for interrogating Li battery samples. A new probe holder designed specifically for this cell, together with the Dimension Icon's motorized stage and proprietary software, enable repeated engagement on the same location, even upon adding solvent to a previously dry sample. This combination also allows fast, easy engaging onto black samples, such as Li cathode materials. The EC-AFM accessory fully leverages the Dimension Icon platform's large range, closed-loop tip scanner and exclusive PeakForce QNM Mode for the best EC-AFM performance available.
About Bruker Corporation (NASDAQ: BRKR)
Bruker Corporation is a leading provider of high-performance scientific instruments and solutions for molecular and materials research, as well as for industrial and applied analysis. For more information about Bruker Corporation, please visit www.bruker.com.


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Spearheading Chinese tennis star Li Na published she was pregnant Monday before 15,000 cheering fans at the Australian Open.
The two-time Grand Slam champ, immensely prevalent at the Australian Open where she won the title a year ago and arrived at the last in 2011 and 2013, out of the blue resigned in September.
She is a visitor of honor at Melbourne Park in the not so distant future and told the gather in Rod Laver Arena in front of Roger Federer's opening match that she was expecting her first tyke.
"Dennis and I are so energized. Our first tyke will land in the mid year," she said to enormous salud.
In explanation, she included that she was excited.
"A simple 12 months back, I remained on this court gripping the Australian Open trophy firmly in my grasp, a colossal smile all over, overpowered with happiness and a feeling of achievement that I imparted to everybody who had assisted me the street to this inconceivable accomplishment," she said.
"Today, those feelings returned to me, yet I had additional butterflies in my stomach on the grounds that I needed to impart an exceptionally uncommon mystery to the Australian Open fans.
"Through the years, they have upheld me and really helped my prosperity, so it felt simply right to give them access on a bit mystery I've been clutching for a couple of months now.
"This mid year, Dennis and I are expecting our first tyke. We are thrilled! Furthermore it truly feels like this child is going to enter the world officially having around 15,000 companions."
Li, who won nine titles in her profession, is attributed with acquainting tennis with the masses in China.
She turned into a wearing pioneer in her country when she chose to break from the state sports framework in 2008 with a gathering of exceptional players, in a move named by neighborhood media "fly alone."
The move implied she found herself able to pick her own particular mentors and keep the greater part of her rewards as opposed to offering them to the legislature.
She said she and her spouse couldn't hold up until their infant was conceived.
Malaysia online sports betting


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Bdale is a long-time Free Software believer, he has been contributing even before Debian existed… in the prehistoric era of free software. 🙂
Anyone who went to a big Free Software conference has seen one of his colorful t-shirts. Or maybe you have heard the story where he got his beard shaved by Linus Torvalds to raise funds to protect the Tasmanian Devil.
More seriously Bdale has played and continue to play a number of important roles in the Debian community. He also represents one of the biggest corporate sponsors (both for DebConf and for the servers that Debian owns): Hewlett Packard.
My questions are in bold, the rest is by Bdale.
Who are you?
I made my first personal contribution of source code to what we now call Free Software in 1979. I started with HP in 1986 and for nearly a decade have served the company as Chief Technologist for Open Source & Linux. I am president of Software in the Public Interest, which is the "umbrella organization" providing legal and financial existence for Debian in the USA. I also represent users, developers, and Debian interests on a number of boards including at the Linux Foundation and the Freedombox Foundation.
I'm happily married with two children. Many people in Debian have met some or all of my family. They all joined me for Debconf in Edinburgh, and my daughter Elizabeth also attended in Caceres and New York.
I joined Debian in 1994. I've been responsible for a number of packages essential to our base system continuously since that time. But I've also contributed to the project in many other ways over the years. I ran the first server that was fully dedicated to Debian. Ideas of mine influenced the development of project infrastructure, from the early design of our mirror network to structuring the archive around a 'package pool'. I started or made significant early contributions to 5 ports of Debian to non-i386 architectures. I served as Debian Project Leader (DPL) in 2002-2003, was acting Secretary for a while, and have served on the Technical Committee for a number of years.
Over the years, I've also had some interesting hobbies. I helped design, build, and program pieces of various amateur radio satellites. I enjoy making physical things, and have many tools for working in wood and metals. My son and I are very active in the world of high power model rockets. And with my partner (and fellow Debian developer!) Keith Packard I'm now running a small business making and selling open hardware and open source avionics for hobby rockets. You can read more about that at http://altusmetrum.org.
You're the chair of the Debian technical committee. Can you quickly explain the role of this committee?
I think many people assume the Technical Committee has a larger role in Debian than it really does. Section 6 of Debian's constitution defines the official role of the Technical Committee. Most importantly, the committee exists as a last resort place to resolve technical conflicts between Debian developers that they are unable to resolve by themselves. Most of the power in Debian is left in the hands of individual developers, who are usually able to collaborate with each other to make good technical decisions. So the Technical Committee's resolution process has only rarely been needed, which I think is a very good thing.
From my point of view, the technical committee is not working. In many cases, the committee does not take any (timely) decision and just waits until the underlying situation has evolved to a point where the intervention of the committee is no longer needed. Do you agree with this and how can you explain it?
I think it's very important for all of us to remember that everyone working on Debian does so voluntarily, and people who volunteer their time generally deserve a measure of respect and appreciation for their efforts.
No issue is brought to the Technical Committee unless resolving it is expected to be really difficult, or at least contentious. And often, the issues brought to the committee have been as much or more about personality than technology. That makes some of them really hard to solve.
So I do not agree that the technical committee is not working. It seems to me that the decisions that bog down and take a long time are the ones where arguments start out or become emotional instead of technical. In this context, if committee members can help lead public and private discussions in a way that causes a situation to evolve to the point where a decision is no longer needed, that may be healthier for the project in the long term than a quick vote that satisfies some contributors at the expense of others.
The last important change that was made to try to revive the committee was the addition of two new members (Don Armstrong and Russ Allbery). Is there anything else that could be tried?
The biggest improvement I could personally wish for is something people sending issues to the committee can help with. As the ultimate technical decision making body for a project whose output is mostly software, the more a request can be put in terms of a decision about source code, the easier it will be for us to make a decision. That won't always be possible, but when we're forced to try and dream up alternatives and then figure out whether anyone would actually be willing to write the code to implement those alternatives, the process takes a lot longer than choosing between competing patch sets or deciding whether a patch should be included.
Besides your role in the technical committee, you have held the role of mediator/facilitator/advisor on numerous occasions. Because you're an old wise bearded guy who travels a lot and knows many Debian contributors… I would like to thank you for all this work that few people notice. Are there been times where this has been a real burden for you?
Thank you for mentioning this. I've put a lot of my heart into Debian over the years, largely because it's a project and a community that continues to amaze and inspire me.
I feel fortunate to have been able to meet and work on Debian with so many outstanding people from around the world. Many are now my friends, with all the silly and serious things being a friend implies. I've been asked for and have given advice many times. I've helped celebrate birthdays, marriages, new jobs, and the arrival of children. Sadly, I have also found myself having to try and find the right words to mark the loss of some of these friends…
The only time any of this feels like a burden is when there's some important problem that many people care about, that I'm working "behind the scenes" to help fix, but can't really talk about publicly without causing more harm than good. It's distressing to have people think you don't care or aren't helping, when really you're doing everything you possibly can… just not in a publicly visible way. Of course I understand that this is an impossible situation. If you can't see what's happening, there's no way to know if something is happening or not. That's why I advocate doing as much as possible in Debian, and SPI, and everywhere else I contribute in as open a way as possible.
You have been Debian Project Leader and you promoted the vision of Debian as the Universal Operating System. What does "universal" mean for you?
The biggest thing to me at the time was the idea that Debian could be anything. Those who chose to work on Debian would ultimately determine what Debian became. I also wanted to make sure we thought about as broad a set of potential users and collaborators as possible.
But this vision provided a framework for pursuing a whole range of worthwhile increases in Debian's scope of utility, some of which I articulated in my DPL platforms, some others put forward. Internationalization, porting to more supported architectures, our inclusive and evolving approaches to accepting new developers and new packages, and so forth.
I think this vision has served us well, and it pleases me that it has stayed a part of our collective thinking for so long.
We're again in Debian's electoral period, what do you think of the work done by the current DPL?
I'm very happy with what I've observed of Stefano's activities during his first year as DPL. He has an obvious enthusiasm for Debian, communicates well both in one to one interactions and in front of a crowd, and I think represents Debian very well.
It is interesting that he's running unopposed for re-election this year. I choose to interpret that as evidence he's doing a good job, the project is running well, and nobody feels the need to try and take the job away From him. I'm glad he's willing to continue in this role for another year.
What's the most important thing that Debian should achieve in the wheezy timeframe?
I don't yet have a very crisp personal wish-list for wheezy. But I would certainly like to see multiarch support finally completed! I'm also very interested to see what comes from the CUT work.
You have been an early supporter of "multiarch", a project to allow easy installation of foreign architecture packages. It's on good track for Wheezy. Do you think it's an important milestone?
My original motivation for requesting multiarch support was to enable support for 32-bit x86 binaries on ia64 "Itanium" systems, in the time leading up to the "sarge" release. I ended up creating the ia32-libs package, which I'm not proud of. The emergence of 64-bit extensions to x86 (the amd64 architecture) made this a much broader issue. Today, I run a 64 bit kernel and a 32 bit user space on my notebook. There are problems with just moving entirely to 64 bit… but I would like to be able to run some applications that work with large data sets in full 64 bit mode!
Thank you to Bdale Garbee for the time spent answering my questions. I hope you enjoyed reading his answers as I did. Subscribe to my newsletter to get my monthly summary of the Debian/Ubuntu news and to not miss further interviews. You can also follow along on Identi.ca, Twitter and Facebook.