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Pharsalia - Book 1
The Crossing of the Rubicon
Wars worse than civil on Emathian plains,
And crime let loose we sing; how Rome's high race
Plunged in her vitals her victorious sword;
Armies akin embattled, with the force
Of all the shaken earth bent on the fray;
And burst asunder, to the common guilt,
A kingdom's compact; eagle with eagle met,
Standard to standard, spear opposed to spear.
Whence, citizens, this rage, this boundless lust
To sate barbarians with the blood of Rome?
Did not the shade of Crassus, wandering still,
Cry for his vengeance? Could ye not have spoiled,
To deck your trophies, haughty Babylon?
Why wage campaigns that send no laurels home?
What lands, what oceans might have been the prize
Of all the blood thus shed in civil strife!
Where Titan rises, where night hides the stars,
'Neath southern noons all quivering with heat,
Or where keen frost that never yields to spring
In icy fetters binds the Scythian main:
Long since barbarians by the Eastern sea
And far Araxes' stream, and those who know
(If any such there be) the birth of Nile
Had felt our yoke. Then, Rome, upon thyself
With all the world beneath thee, if thou must,
Wage this nefarious war, but not till then.
Now view the houses with half-ruined walls
Throughout Italian cities; stone from stone
Has slipped and lies at length; within the home
No guard is found, and in the ancient streets so
Scarce seen the passer by. The fields in vain,
Rugged with brambles and unploughed for years,
Ask for the hand of man; for man is not.
Nor savage Pyrrhus nor the Punic horde
E'er caused such havoc: to no foe was given
To strike thus deep; but civil strife alone
Dealt the fell wound and left the death behind.
Yet if the fates could find no other way
For Nero coming, nor the gods with ease
Gain thrones in heaven; and if the Thunderer
Prevailed not till the giant's war was done,
Complaint is silent. For this boon supreme
Welcome, ye gods, be wickedness and crime;
Thronged with our dead be dire Pharsalia's fields,
Be Punic ghosts avenged by Roman blood;
Add to these ills the toils of Mutina;
Perusia's dearth; on Munda's final field
The shock of battle joined; let Leucas' Cape
Shatter the routed navies; servile hands
Unsheath the sword on fiery Etna's slopes:
Still Rome is gainer by the civil war.
Thou, Caesar, art her prize. When thou shalt choose,
Thy watch relieved, to seek divine abodes,
All heaven rejoicing; and shalt hold a throne,
Or else elect to govern Phoebus' car
And light a subject world that shall not dread
To owe her brightness to a different Sun;
All shall concede thy right: do what thou wilt,
Select thy Godhead, and the central clime
Whence thou shalt rule the world with power divine.
And yet the Northern or the Southern Pole
We pray thee, choose not; but in rays direct
Vouchsafe thy radiance to thy city Rome.
Press thou on either side, the universe
Should lose its equipoise: take thou the midst,
And weight the scales, and let that part of heaven
Where Caesar sits, be evermore serene
And smile upon us with unclouded blue.
Then may all men lay down their arms, and peace
Through all the nations reign, and shut the gates
That close the temple of the God of War.
Be thou my help, to me e'en now divine!
Let Delphi's steep her own Apollo guard,
And Nysa keep her Bacchus, uninvoked.
Rome is my subject and my muse art thou!
First of such deeds I purpose to unfold
The causes -- task immense -- what drove to arms
A maddened nation, and from all the world
Struck peace away.
By envious fate's decrees
Abide not long the mightiest lords of earth;
Beneath too heavy a burden great the fall.
Thus Rome o'ergrew her strength. So when that hour,
The last in all the centuries, shall sound
The world's disruption, all things shall revert
To that primaeval chaos, stars on stars
Shall crash; and fiery meteors from the sky
Plunge in the ocean. Earth shall then no more
Front with her bulwark the encroaching sea:
The moon, indignant at her path oblique,
Shall drive her chariot 'gainst her brother Sun
And claim the day for hers; and discord huge
Shall rend the spheres asunder.
On themselves
Great powers are dashed: such bounds the gods have placed
Upon the prosperous; nor doth Fortune lend
To any nations, so that they may strike
The sovereign power that rules the earth and sea,
The weapons of her envy. Triple reign
And baleful compact for divided power --
Ne'er without peril separate before --
Made Rome their victim. Oh! Ambition blind,
That stirred the leaders so to join their strength
In peace that ended ill, their prize the world!
For while the Sea on Earth and Earth on Air
Lean for support: while Titan runs his course,
And night with day divides an equal sphere,
No king shall brook his fellow, nor shall power
Endure a rival. Search no foreign lands:
These walls are proof that in their infant days
A hamlet, not the world, was prize enough
To cause the shedding of a brother's blood.
Concord, on discord based, brief time endured,
Unwelcome to the rivals; and alone
Crassus delayed the advent of the war.
Like to the slender neck that separates
The seas of Graecia: should it be engulfed
Then would th' Ionian and Aegean mains
Break each on other: thus when Crassus fell,
Who held apart the chiefs, in piteous death,
And stained Assyria's plains with Latian blood,
Defeat in Parthia loosed the war in Rome.
More in that victory than ye thought was won,
Ye sons of Arsaces; your conquered foes
Took at your hands the rage of civil strife.
The mighty realm that earth and sea contained,
To which all peoples bowed, split by the sword,
Could not find space for two . For Julia bore,
Cut off by fate unpitying, the bond
Of that ill-omened marriage, and the pledge
Of blood united, to the shades below.
Had'st thou but longer stayed, it had been thine
To keep the husband and the sire apart,
And, as the Sabine women did of old,
Dash down the threatening swords and join the hands.
With thee all trust was buried, and the chiefs
Could give their courage vent, and rushed to war.
Lest newer glories triumphs past obscure,
Late conquered Gaul the bays from pirates won,
This, Magnus, was thy fear; thy roll of fame,
Of glorious deeds accomplished for the state
Allows no equal; nor will Caesar's pride
A prior rival in his triumphs brook;
Which had the right 'twere impious to enquire;
Each for his cause can vouch a judge supreme;
The victor, heaven: the vanquished, Cato, thee.
Nor were they like to like: the one in years
Now verging towards decay, in times of peace
Had unlearned war; but thirsting for applause
Had given the people much, and proud of fame
His former glory cared not to renew,
But joyed in plaudits of the theatre,
His gift to Rome: his triumphs in the past,
Himself the shadow of a mighty name.
As when some oak, in fruitful field sublime,
Adorned with venerable spoils, and gifts
Of bygone leaders, by its weight to earth
With feeble roots still clings; its naked arms
And hollow trunk, though leafless, give a shade;
And though condemned beneath the tempest's shock
To speedy fall, amid the sturdier trees
In sacred grandeur rules the forest still.
No such repute had Ceesar won, nor fame;
But energy was his that could not rest --
The only shame he knew was not to win.
Keen and unvanquished, where revenge or hope
Might call, resistless would he strike the blow
With sword unpitying: every victory won
Reaped to the full; the favour of the gods
Pressed to the utmost; all that stayed his course
Aimed at the summit of power, was thrust aside:
Triumph his joy, though ruin marked his track.
As parts the clouds a bolt by winds compelled,
With crack of riven air and crash of worlds,
And veils the light of day, and on mankind,
Blasting their vision with its flames oblique,
Sheds deadly fright; then turning to its home, '
Nought but the air opposing, through its path
Spreads havoc, and collects its scattered fires.
Such were the hidden motives of the chiefs;
But in the public life the seeds of war
Their hold had taken, such as are the doom
Of potent nations: and when fortune poured
Through Roman gates the booty of a world,
The curse of luxury, chief bane of states,
Fell on her sons. Farewell the ancient ways!
Behold the pomp profuse, the houses decked
With ornament; their hunger loathed the food
Of former days; men wore attire for dames
Scarce fitly fashioned; poverty was scorned,
Fruitful of warriors; and from all the world
Came that which ruins nations; while the fields
Furrowed of yore by great Camillus' plough,
Or by the mattock which a Curius held,
Lost their once narrow bounds, and widening tracts
By hinds unknown were tilled. No nation this
To sheathe the sword, with tranquil peace content
And with her liberties; but prone to ire;
Crime holding light as though by want compelled:
And great the glory in the minds of men,
Ambition lawful even at point of sword,
To rise above their country: might their law:
Decrees are forced from Senate and from Plebs:
Consul and Tribune break the laws alike:
Bought are the fasces, and the people sell
For gain their favour: bribery's fatal curse
Corrupts the annual contests of the Field.
Then covetous usury rose, and interest
Was greedier ever as the seasons came;
Faith tottered; thousands saw their gain in war.
Caesar has crossed the Alps, his mighty soul
Great tumults pondering and the coming shock.
Now on the marge of Rubicon, he saw,
In face most sorrowful and ghostly guise,
His trembling country's image; huge it seemed
Through mists of night obscure; and hoary hair
Streamed from the lofty front with turrets crowned:
Torn were her locks and naked were her arms.
Then thus, with broken sighs the Vision spake:
"What seek ye, men of Rome? and whither hence
Bear ye my standards? If by right ye come,
My citizens, stay here; these are the bounds;
No further dare." But Caesar's hair was stiff
With horror as he gazed, and ghastly dread
Restrained his footsteps on the further bank.
Then spake he, "Thunderer, who from the rock
Tarpeian seest the wall of mighty Rome;
Gods of my race who watched o'er Troy of old;
Thou Jove of Alba's height, and Vestal fires,
And rites of Romulus erst rapt to heaven,
And God-like Rome; be friendly to my quest.
Not with offence or hostfie arms I come,
Thy Caesar, conqueror by land and sea,
Thy soldier here and wheresoe'er thou wilt:
No other's; his, his only be the guilt
Whose acts make me thy foe.' He gives the word
And bids his standards cross the swollen stream.
So in the wastes of Afric's burning clime
The lion crouches as his foes draw near,
Feeding his wrath the while, his lashing tail
Provokes his fury; stiff upon his neck
Bristles his mane: deep from his gaping jaws
Resounds a muttered growl, and should a lance
Or javelin reach him from the hunter's ring,
Scorning the puny scratch he bounds afield.
From modest fountain blood-red Rubicon
In summer's heat flows on; his pigmy tide
Creeps through the valleys and with slender marge
Divides the Italian peasant from the Gaul.
Then winter gave him strength, and fraught with rain
The third day's crescent moon; while Eastern winds
Thawed from the Alpine slopes the yielding snow.
The cavalry first form across the stream '
To break the torrent's force; the rest with ease
Beneath their shelter gain the further bank.
When Csesar crossed and trod beneath his feet
The soil of Italy's forbidden fields,
"Here," spake he, "peace, here broken laws be left;
Farewell to treaties. Fortune, lead me on;
War is our judge, and in the fates our trust."
Then in the shades of night he leads the troops
Swifter than Balearic sling or shaft
Winged by retreating Parthian, to the walls
Of threatened Rimini, while fled the stars,
Save Lucifer, before the coming sun,
Whose fires were veiled in clouds, by south wind driven,
Or else at heaven's command: and thus drew on
The first dark morning of the civil war.
Now stand the troops within the captured town,
Their standards planted; and the trumpet clang
Rings forth in harsh alarums, giving note
Of impious strife: roused from their sleep the men
Rush to the hall and snatch the ancient arms
Long hanging through the years of peace; the shield
With crumbling frame; dark with the tooth of rust
Their swords ; and javelins with blunted point.
But when the well-known signs and eagles shone,
And Caesar towering o'er the throng was seen,
They shook for terror, fear possessed their limbs,
And thoughts unuttered stirred within their souls.
"O miserable those to whom their home
Denies the peace that all men else enjoy!
Placed as we are beside the Northern bounds
And scarce a footstep from the restless Gaul,
We fall the first; would that our lot had been
Beneath the Eastern sky, or frozen North,
To lead a wandering life, rather than keep
The gates of Latium. Brennus sacked the town
And Hannibal, and all the Teuton hosts.
For when the fate of Rome is in the scale
By this path war advances." Thus they moan
Their fears but speak them not; no sound is heard
Giving their anguish utterance: as when
In depth of winter all the fields are still,
The birds are voiceless and no sound is heard
To break the silence of the central sea.
But when the day had broken through the shades
Of chilly darkness, lo! the torch of war!
For by the hand of Fate is swift dispersed
All Caesar's shame of battle, and his mind
Scarce doubted more; and Fortune toiled to make
His action just and give him cause for arms.
For while Rome doubted and the tongues of men
Spoke of the chiefs who won them rights of yore,
The hostile Senate, in contempt of right,
Drove out the Tribunes. They to Caesar's camp
With Curio hasten, who of venal tongue,
Bold, prompt, persuasive, had been wont to preach
Of Freedom to the people, and to call
Upon the chiefs to lay their weapons down .
And when he saw how deeply Caesar mused,
"While from the rostrum I had power," he said,
To call the populace to aid thy cause,
By this my voice against the Senate's will
Was thy command prolonged. But silenced now
Are laws in war: we driven from our homes;
Yet is our exile willing; for thine arms
Shall make us citizens of Rome again.
Strike; for no strength as yet the foe hath gained.
Occasion calls, delay shall mar it soon:
Like risk, like labour, thou hast known before,
But never such reward. Could Gallia hold
Thine armies ten long years ere victory came,
That little nook of earth? One paltry fight
Or twain, fought out by thy resistless hand,
And Rome for thee shall have subdued the world:
'Tis true no triumph now would bring thee home;
No captive tribes would grace thy chariot wheels
Winding in pomp around the ancient hill.
Spite gnaws the factions; for thy conquests won
Scarce shalt thou be unpunished. Yet 'tis fate
Thou should'st subdue thy kinsman: share the world
With him thou canst not; rule thou canst, alone."
As when at Elis' festival a horse
In stable pent gnaws at his prison bars
Impatient, and should clamour from without
Strike on his ear, bounds furious at restraint,
So then was Caesar, eager for the fight,
Stirred by the words of Curio. To the ranks
He bids his soldiers; with majestic mien
And hand commanding silence as they come.
"Comrades," he cried, "victorious returned,
Who by my side for ten long years have faced,
'Mid Alpine winters and on Arctic shores,
The thousand dangers of the battle-field --
Is this our country's welcome, this her prize
For death and wounds and Roman blood outpoured?
Rome arms her choicest sons; the sturdy oaks
Are felled to make a fleet; -- what could she more
If from the Alps fierce Hannibal were come
With all his Punic host? By land and sea
Caesar shall fly! Fly? Though in adverse war
Our best had fallen, and the savage Gaul
Were hard upon our track, we would not fly.
And now, when fortune smiles and kindly gods
Beckon us on to glory! -- Let him come
Fresh from his years of peace, with all his crowd
Of conscript burgesses, Marcellus' tongue
And Cato's empty name! We will not fly.
Shall Eastern hordes and greedy hirelings keep
Their loved Pompeius ever at the helm?
Shall chariots of triumph be for him
Though youth and law forbad them? Shall he seize
On Rome's chief honours ne'er to be resigned?
And what of harvests blighted through the world
And ghastly famine made to serve his ends?
Who hath forgotten how Pompeius' bands
Seized on the forum, and with glittering arms
Made outraged justice tremble, while their swords
Hemmed in the judgment-seat where Milo stood?
And now when worn and old and ripe for rest ,
Greedy of power, the impious sword again
He draws. As tigers in Hyrcanian woods
Wandering, or in the caves that saw their birth,
Once having lapped the blood of slaughtered kine,
Shall never cease from rage; e'en so this whelp
Of cruel Sulla, nursed in civil war,
Outstrips his master; and the tongue which licked
That reeking weapon ever thirsts for more.
Stain once the lips with blood, no other meal
They shall enjoy. And shall there be no end
Of these long years of power and of crime?
Nay, this one lesson, e'er it be too late,
Learn of thy gentle Sulla -- to retire!
Of old his victory o'er Cilician thieves
And Pontus' weary monarch gave him fame,
By poison scarce attained. His latest prize
Shall I be, Caesar, I, who would not quit
My conquering eagles at his proud command?
Nay, if no triumph is reserved for me,
Let these at least of long and toilsome war
'Neath other leaders the rewards enjoy.
Where shall the weary soldier find his rest?
What cottage homes their joys, what fields their fruit
Shall to our veterans yield? Will Magnus say
That pirates only till the fields alight?
Unfurl your standards; victory gilds them yet,
As through those glorious years. Deny our rights!
He that denies them makes our quarrel just.
Nay! use the strength that we have made our own.
No booty seek we, nor imperial power.
This would-be ruler of subservient Rome
We force to quit his grasp; and Heaven shall smile
On those who seek to drag the tyrant down."
Thus Caesar spake; but doubtful murmurs ran
Throughout the listening crowd, this way and that
Their wishes urging them; the thoughts of home
And household gods and kindred gave them pause:
But fear of Caesar and the pride of war
Their doubts resolved. Then Laelius, who wore
The well-earned crown for Roman life preserved,
The foremost Captain of the army, spake:
"O greatest leader of the Roman name,
If 'tis thy wish the very truth to hear
'Tis mine to speak it; we complain of this,
That gifted with such strength thou did'st refrain
From using it. Had'st thou no trust in us?
While the hot life-blood fills these glowing veins,
While these strong arms avail to hurl the lance,
Wilt thou make peace and bear the Senate's rule?
Is civil conquest then so base and vile?
Lead us through Scythian deserts, lead us where
The inhospitable Syrtes line the shore
Of Afric's burning sands, or where thou wilt:
This hand, to leave a conquered world behind,
Held firm the oar that tamed the Northern Sea
And Rhine's swift torrent foaming to the main.
To follow thee fate gives me now the power:
The will was mine before. No citizen
I count the man 'gainst whom thy trumpets sound.
By ten campaigns of victory, I swear,
By all thy world-wide triumphs, though with hand
Unwilling, should'st thou now demand the life
Of sire or brother or of faithful spouse,
Caesar, the life were thine. To spoil the gods
And sack great Juno's temple on the hill,
To plant our arms o'er Tiber's yellow stream,
To measure out the camp, against the wall
To drive the fatal ram, and raze the town,
This arm shall not refuse, though Rome the prize."
His comrades swore consent with lifted hands
And vowed to follow wheresoe'er he led.
And such a clamour rent the sky as when
Some Thracian blast on Ossa's pine-clad rocks
Falls headlong, and the loud re-echoing woods,
Or bending, or rebounding from the stroke,
In sounding chorus lift the roar on high.
When Csesar saw them welcome thus the war
And Fortune leading on, and favouring fates,
He seized the moment, called his troops from Gaul,
And breaking up his camp set on for Rome.
The tents are vacant by Lake Leman's side;
The camps upon the beetling crags of Vosges
No longer hold the warlike Lingon down,
Fierce in his painted arms; Isere is left,
Who past his shallows gliding, flows at last
Into the current of more famous Rhone,
To reach the ocean in another name.
The fair-haired people of Cevennes are free:
Soft Aude rejoicing bears no Roman keel,
Nor pleasant Var, since then Italia's bound;
The harbour sacred to Alcides' name
Where hollow crags encroach upon the sea,
Is left in freedom: there nor Zephyr gains
Nor Caurus access, but the Circian blast
Forbids the roadstead by Monaecus' hold.
And others left the doubtful shore, which sea
And land alternate claim, whene'er the tide
Pours in amain or when the wave rolls back --
Be it the wind which thus compels the deep
From furthest pole, and leaves it at the flood;
Or else the moon that makes the tide to swell,
Or else, in search of fuel for his fires,
The sun draws heavenward the ocean wave; --
Whate'er the cause that may control the main
I leave to others; let the gods for me
Lock in their breasts the secrets of the world.
Those who kept watch beside the western shore
Have moved their standards home; the happy Gaul
Rejoices in their absence; fair Garonne
Through peaceful meads glides onward to the sea.
And where the river broadens, neath the cape
Her quiet harbour sleeps. No outstretched arm
Except in mimic war now hurls the lance.
No skilful warrior of Seine directs
The scythed chariot 'gainst his country's foe.
Now rest the Belgians, and the Arvernian race
That boasts our kinship by descent from Troy;
And those brave rebels whose undaunted hands
Were dipped in Cotta's blood, and those who wear
Sarmatian garb. Batavia's warriors fierce
No longer listen for the bugle call,
Nor those who dwell where Rhone's swift eddies sweep
Saone to the ocean; nor the mountain tribes
Who dwell about its source. Thou, too, oh Treves,
Rejoicest that the war has left thy bounds.
Ligurian tribes, now shorn, in ancient days
First of the long-haired nations, on whose necks
Once flowed the auburn locks in pride supreme;
And those who pacify with blood accursed
Savage Teutates, Hesus' horrid shrines,
And Taranis' altars cruel as were those
Loved by Diana, goddess of the north;
All these now rest in peace. And you, ye Bards,
Whose martial lays send down to distant times
The fame of valorous deeds in battle done,
Pour forth in safety more abundant song.
While you, ye Druids , when the war was done,
To mysteries strange and hateful rites returned:
To you alone 'tis given the gods and stars
To know or not to know; secluded groves
Your dwelling-place, and forests far remote.
If what ye sing be true, the shades of men
Seek not the dismal homes of Erebus
Or death's pale kingdoms; but the breath of life
Still rules these bodies in another age --
Life on this hand and that, and death between.
Happy the peoples 'neath the Northern Star
In this their false belief; for them no fear
Of that which frights all others: they with hands
And hearts undaunted rush upon the foe
And scorn to spare the life that shall return.
Ye too depart who kept the banks of Rhine
Safe from the foe, and leave the Teuton tribes
Free at their will to march upon the world.
Caesar, with strength increased and gathered troops
New efforts daring, spreads his bands afar
Through Italy, and fills the neighbouring towns.
Then empty rumour to well-grounded fear
Gave strength, and heralding the coming war
In hundred voices 'midst the people spread.
One cries in terror, "Swift the squadrons come
Where Nar with Tiber joins: and where, in meads
By oxen loved, Mevania spreads her walls,
Fierce Caesar hurries his barbarian horse.
Eagles and standards wave above his head,
And broad the march that sweeps across the land."
Nor is he pictured truly; greater far
More fierce and pitiless -- from conquered foes
Advancing; in his rear the peoples march.
Snatched from their homes between the Rhine and Alps,
To pillage Rome while Roman chiefs look on.
Thus each man's panic thought swells rumour's lie:
They fear the phantoms they themselves create.
Nor does the terror seize the crowd alone:
But fled the Fathers, to the Consuls first
Issuing their hated order, as for war;
And doubting of their safety, doubting too
Where lay the peril, through the choking gates,
Each where he would, rushed all the people forth.
Thou would'st believe that blazing to the torch
Were men's abodes, or nodding to their fall.
So streamed they onwards, frenzied with affright,
As though in exile only could they find
Hope for their country. So, when southern blasts
From Libyan whirlpools drive the boundless main,
And mast and sail crash down upon a ship
With ponderous weight, but still the frame is sound,
Her crew and captain leap into the sea,
Each making shipwreck for himself. 'Twas thus
They passed the city gates and fled to war.
No aged parent now could stay his son;
Nor wife her spouse, nor did they pray the gods
To grant the safety of their fatherland.
None linger on the threshold for a look
Of their loved city, though perchance the last.
Ye gods, who lavish priceless gifts on men,
Nor care to guard them, see victorious Rome
Teeming with life, chief city of the world,
With ample walls that all mankind might hold,
To coming Caesar left an easy prey.
The Roman soldier, when in foreign lands
Pressed by the enemy, in narrow trench
And hurried mound finds guard enough to make
His slumber safe; but thou, imperial Rome,
Alone on rumour of advancing foes
Art left a desert, and thy battlements
They trust not for one night. Yet for their fear
This one excuse was left; Pompeius fled.
Nor found they room for hope; for nature gave
Unerring portents of worse ills to come.
The angry gods filled earth and air and sea
With frequent prodigies; in darkest nights
Strange constellations sparkled through the gloom:
The pole was all afire, and torches flew
Across the depths of heaven; with horrid hair
A blazing comet stretched from east to west
And threatened change to kingdoms. From the blue
Pale lightning flashed, and in the murky air
The fire took divers shapes; a lance afar
Would seem to quiver or a misty torch;
A noiseless thunderbolt from cloudless sky
Rushed down, and drawing fire in northern parts
Plunged on the summit of the Alban mount.
The stars that run their courses in the night
Shone in full daylight; and the orbed moon,
Hid by the shade of earth, grew pale and wan.
The sun himself, when poised in mid career,
Shrouded his burning car in blackest gloom
And plunged the world in darkness, so that men
Despaired of day -- like as he veiled his light
From that fell banquet which Mycenae saw
The jaws of Etna were agape with flame
That rose not heavenwards, but headlong fell
In smoking stream upon the Italian flank.
Then black Charybdis, from her boundless depth,
Threw up a gory sea. In piteous tones
Howled the wild dogs; the Vestal fire was snatched
From off the altar; and the flame that crowned
The Latin festival was split in twain,
As on the Theban pyre in ancient days;
Earth tottered on its base: the mighty Alps
From off their summits shook th' eternal snow .
In huge upheaval Ocean raised his waves
O'er Calpe's rock and Atlas' hoary head.
The native gods shed tears, and holy sweat
Dropped from the idols; gifts in temples fell:
Foul birds defiled the day; beasts left the woods
And made their lair among the streets of Rome.
All this we hear; nay more: dumb oxen spake;
Monsters were brought to birth and mothers shrieked
At their own offspring; words of dire import
From Cumae's prophetess were noised abroad.
Bellona's priests with bleeding arms, and slaves
Of Cybele's worship, with ensanguined hair,
Howled chants of havoc and of woe to men.
Arms clashed; and sounding in the pathless woods
Were heard strange voices; spirits walked the earth:
And dead men's ashes muttered from the urn.
Those who live near the walls desert their homes,
For lo! with hissing serpents in her hair,
Waving in downward whirl a blazing pine,
A fiend patrols the town, like that which erst
At Thebes urged on Agave , or which hurled
Lycurgus' bolts, or that which as he came
From Hades seen, at haughty Juno's word,
Brought terror to the soul of Hercules.
Trumpets like those that summon armies forth
Were heard re-echoing in the silent night:
And from the earth arising Sulla's ghost
Sang gloomy oracles, and by Anio's wave
All fled the homesteads, frighted by the shade
Of Marius waking from his broken tomb.
In such dismay they summon, as of yore,
The Tuscan sages to the nation's aid.
Aruns, the eldest, leaving his abode
In desolate Luca, came, well versed in all
The lore of omens; knowing what may mean
The flight of hovering bird, the pulse that beats
In offered victims, and the levin bolt.
All monsters first, by most unnatural birth
Brought into being, in accursd flames
He bids consume.Then round the walls of Rome
Each trembling citizen in turn proceeds.
The priests, chief guardians of the public faith,
With holy sprinkling purge the open space
That borders on the wall; in sacred garb
Follows the lesser crowd: the Vestals come
By priestess led with laurel crown bedecked,
To whom alone is given the right to see
Minerva's effigy that came from Troy
Next come the keepers of the sacred books
And fate's predictions; who from Almo's brook
Bring back Cybebe laved; the augur too
Taught to observe sinister flight of birds;
And those who serve the banquets to the gods;
And Titian brethren; and the priest of Mars,
Proud of the buckler that adorns his neck;
By him the Flamen, on his noble head
The cap of office. While they tread the path
That winds around the walls, the aged seer
Collects the thunderbolts that fell from heaven,
And lays them deep in earth, with muttered words
Naming the spot accursed. Next a steer,
Picked for his swelling neck and beauteous form,
He leads to the altar, and with slanting knife
Spreads on his brow the meal, and pours the wine.
The victim's struggles prove the gods averse;
But when the servers press upon his horns
He bends the knee and yields him to the blow.
No crimson torrent issued at the stroke,
But from the wound a dark empoisoned stream
Ebbed slowly downward. Aruns at the sight
Aghast, upon the entrails of the beast
Essayed to read the anger of the gods.
Their very colour terrified the seer;
Spotted they were and pale, with sable streaks
Of lukewarm gore bespread; the liver damp
With foul disease, and on the hostile part
The angry veins defiant; of the lungs
The fibre hid, and through the vital parts
The membrane small; the heart had ceased to throb;
Blood oozes through the ducts; the caul is split:
And, fatal omen of impending ill,
One lobe o'ergrows the other; of the twain
The one lies flat and sick, the other beats
And keeps the pulse in rapid strokes astir.
Disaster's near approach thus learned, he cries --
"Whate'er may be the purpose of the gods,
'Tis not for me to tell; this offered beast
Not Jove possesses, but the gods below.
We dare not speak our fears, yet fear doth make
The future worse than fact. May all the gods
Prosper the tokens, and the sacrifice
Be void of truth, and Tages
Have vainly taught these mysteries." Such his words
Involved, mysterious. Figulus, to whom
For knowledge of the secret depths of space
And laws harmonious that guide the stars,
Memphis could find no peer, then spake at large:
"Either," he said, "the world and countless orbs
Throughout the ages wander at their will;
Or, if the fates control them, ruin huge
Hangs o'er this city and o'er all mankind.
Shall Earth yawn open and engulph the towns?
Shall scorching heat usurp the temperate air
And fields refuse their timely fruit? The streams
Flow mixed with poison? In what plague, ye gods,
In what destruction shall ye wreak your ire?
Whate'er the truth, the days in which we live
Shall find a doom for many. Had the star
Of baleful Saturn, frigid in the height,
Kindled his lurid fires, the sky had poured
Its torrents forth as in Deucalion's time,
And whelmed the world in waters. Or if thou,
Phoebus, beside the Nemean lion fierce
Wert driving now thy chariot, flames should seize
The universe and set the air ablaze.
These are at peace; but, Mars, why art thou bent
On kindling thus the Scorpion, his tail
Portending evil and his claws aflame?
Deep sunk is kindly Jupiter, and dull
Sweet Venus' star, and rapid Mercury
Stays on his course: Mars only holds the sky.
Why does Orion's sword too brightly shine?
Why planets leave their paths and through the void
Thus journey on obscure? 'Tis war that comes,
Fierce rabid war: the sword shall bear the rule
Confounding justice; hateful crime usurp
The name of virtue; and the havoc spread
Through many a year. But why entreat the gods?
The end Rome longs for and the final peace
Comes with a despot. Draw thou out thy chain
Of lengthening slaughter, and (for such thy fate)
Make good thy liberty through civil war."
The frightened people heard, and as they heard
His words prophetic made them fear the more.
But worse remained; for as on Pindus' slopes
Possessed with fury from the Theban god
Speeds some Bacchante, thus in Roman streets
Behold a matron run, who, in her trance,
Relieves her bosom of the god within.
"Where dost thou snatch me, Paean, to what shore
Through airy regions borne? I see the snows
Of Thracian mountains; and Philippi's plains
Lie broad beneath. But why these battle lines,
No foe to vanquish -- Rome on either hand?
Again I wander 'neath the rosy hues
That paint thine eastern skies, where regal Nile
Meets with his flowing wave the rising tide.
Known to mine eyes that mutilated trunk
That lies upon the sand! Across the seas
By changing whirlpools to the burning climes
Of Libya borne, again I see the hosts
From Thracia brought by fate's command. And now
Thou bear'st me o'er the cloud-compelling Alps
And Pyrenean summits; next to Rome.
There in mid-Senate see the closing scene
Of this foul war in foulest murder done.
Again the factions rise; through all the world
Once more I pass; but give me some new land,
Some other region, Phoebus, to behold!
Washed by the Pontic billows! for these eyes
Already once have seen Philippi's plains!"
The frenzy left her and she speechless fell.
poem by Marcus Annaeus Lucanus
Added by Poetry Lover
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Power Macintosh ⇝
Power Mac
Apple Computer's personal computer based on the PowerPC, introduced on 1994-03-14.
The Power Mac G4 (Quicksilver 2002) was the first Power Mac to clock at 1 GHz. In mid-2003, the Power Mac G5 was released, the first Mac to be based on a 64-bit architecture. IBM manufactured the CPU for this new model. The clock speed was initially 1.6 GHz but a dual 2 GHz system was available in September. Existing 680x0 code (both applications and device drivers) run on Power Mac systems without modification via a Motorola 68LC040 emulator. The performance of these unmodified applications is equivalent to a fast 68040-based Macintosh, e.g. a fast Macintosh Quadra. The Power Mac runs Macintosh operating system from System 7.5 to Mac OS 8.5. Power Mac Home.Last updated: 2003-11-26
Nearby terms:
PowerFuL ♦ power hit ♦ Power Mac ♦ Power Macintosh ♦ power-on reset
Try this search on Wikipedia, Wiktionary, Google, OneLook.


text:
RAW files with ristretto – (GtkPixbufLoader mimetype recognition bug)
In the release-notes for ristretto 0.3.5 last weekend, I mentioned the following:
Most problems with ristretto are actually caused by incorrect mime-type recognition
of the operating-system, identifying raw files (like canon's CR2 format) as TIFF files.
This will result in an error from the tiff loader, these errors are now displayed in the UI,
making it possible to identify the source of the problem.
Since I could not understand why this happened, I started investigating the problem a bit further.
So, I executed the following commands on my system:
$ mimtype IMG_6635.CR2
IMG_6635.CR2: image/x-canon-cr2
$ file IMG_6635.CR2
IMG_6635.CR2: Canon CR2 raw image data, version 2.0
In my defense, I have seen it return image/tiff in the past, but clearly that was not the case right now. Both commands returned image/x-canon-cr2 just fine.
But opening the raw-files with ristretto (with the libopenraw-gnome backend installed), still gave me TIFF image-loading errors.
So something else must be causing the problems. Apparently, the OS determines the mimetype just fine, but something inside ristretto does not. Checking the source I discovered I was using gdk_pixbuf_loader_new(), which creates a pixbufloader that automagically determines the mimetype based on the stream of data you feed it.
So, I replaced that with a call to gdk_pixbuf_loader_new_with_mime_type (mime_type, NULL) and retrieved the mimetype using GFileInfo.
The commit that fixes this problem is 8dd741057f7b935d8e7c327017d850388ba77767, you can cherry-pick it and install libopenraw-gnome to support the rendering of raw files inside ristretto.
Libopenraw-gnome is still under active development and rendering-bugs can occur. – When the image looks bad, this is not a bug in ristretto, it is probably some terrible photography ;-), or maybe something is not yet fully implemented in libopenraw-gnome.
Using git-master this weekend did not result in any usable whitebalance or exposure compensation for me.


text:
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Are there hands-on experiments included in the educational materials?
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Which brands are featured in the Science Nature How It Works category?
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text:
By Ron Paul
Is Crimea about to explode? The mainstream media reports that Russia has amassed troops on the border with Ukraine and may be spoiling for a fight. The Russians claim to have stopped a Ukrainian sabotage team that snuck into Crimea to attack key infrastructure. The Russian military is holding exercises in Crimea and Russian President Vladimir Putin made a visit to the peninsula at the end of the week. The Ukrainians have complained to their western supporters that a full-scale Russian invasion is coming, and Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko said he may have to rule by martial law due to the Russian threat. Though the US media pins the blame exclusively on Russia for these tensions, in reality there is plenty of blame to go around. We do know that the US government has been involved with "regime change" in Ukraine repeatedly since the break up of the Soviet Union. The US was deeply involved with the "Orange Revolution" that overthrew elected president Viktor Yanukovych in 2005. And we know that the US government was heavily involved in another coup that overthrew the same elected Yanukovych again in 2014. How do we know that the US was behind the 2014 coup? For one, we have the intercepted telephone call between US Assistant Secretary of State Victoria Nuland and US Ambassador to Ukraine, Geoffrey Pyatt. In the recording, the two US officials are plotting to remove the elected government and discussing which US puppet they will put in place. You would think such undiplomatic behavior could get diplomats fired, but sadly in today's State Department it can actually get you promoted! Nuland is widely expected to get a big promotion – perhaps to even Secretary of State – in a Hillary Clinton administration, and Geoffrey Pyatt has just moved up to an Ambassadorship in Athens. Ambassador Pyatt can't seem to control himself: Just as tensions were peaking between Russia and Ukraine over Crimea this month, he published a series of Tweets urging Ukraine to take back Crimea. Is this how our diplomats overseas should be acting? Should they be promoting actions they know will lead to war? When the mainstream media discusses Crimea they are all lock-step: that's the peninsula Putin annexed. Never do they mention that there was a referendum in which the vast majority of the population (who are mostly ethnic Russians) voted to join Russia. The US media never reports on this referendum because it produced results that Washington doesn't like. How arrogant it must sound to the rest of the world that Washington reserves the right to approve or disapprove elections thousands of miles away – meanwhile we find out from the DNC hacked files that we don't have a lot of room to criticize elections overseas. What should we do about Ukraine and Russia? We should stop egging Ukraine on, we should stop subsidizing the government in Kiev, we should stop NATO exercises on the Russian border, we should end sanctions, we should return to diplomacy, we should send the policy of "regime change" to the dustbin of history. The idea that we would be facing the prospect of World War III over which flag flies above a tiny finger of land that most US politicians couldn't find on a map is utterly ridiculous. When are we going to come to our senses? Comments are closed.
July 2024


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Warwickshire Vein Centre is a collaboration between two consultant surgeons who have worked together for many years. Their aim is to provide expert care to patients with a wide variety of leg vein conditions by combining modern techniques with years of clinical experience.
From left to right :-
The Consultants also treat a wide variety of vascular and general surgical conditions as
To visit our web site please click on the link above.
The Consultants at the Warwickshire Vein Centre are established experts in the treatment of all types of leg veins, including varicose veins and thread (spider) veins. We use the full range of modern techniques to ensure that your vein treatment involves minimal discomfort, a rapid return to normal activity and excellent functional and cosmetic results.
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For Varicose Veins :-
For Thread Veins :-
We are also able to offer advice and treatment for the complications of leg veins such as phlebitis, skin staining, varicose eczema and varicose ulcers.


text:
ACCIDENT Bagram
2006-12-13 06:00:00
Afghanistan: Accident, UNKNOWN, 0 casualtiesAt 130745ZDEC06 Bagram PRT was in a vehicle accident on Rte Pennsylavnia. While returning to BAF from Kapisa, A LN veh with a single male occupant was passing convoy on the left lane when it swerved ...
2006-10-03 00:45:00
Afghanistan: Accident, UNKNOWN, 2 casualtiesAt 0437Z, TF Eagle reported that TF 27 was clearing north from FOB Sharana to Andar ISO 2/87IN. A LN semi truck attempted to slow and allow passage of the convoy but the driver over corrected. The LNs...
ACCIDENT Deh Chopan
2006-04-12 04:25:00
Afghanistan: Accident, UNKNOWN, 0 casualtiesTF Aegis reported a vehicle rollover 17KM NE of FB Arghandab. At 0839Z TF Aegis reported a RCP Buffalo had rolled over. There were no injuries and vehicle was being recovered. Update: At 1326Z TF Aegi...
ACCIDENT CIV Mihtarlam 1 CIV KIA
2005-12-04 07:00:00
Afghanistan: Accident, UNKNOWN, 1 casualtiesTF Devil reported a vehicle accident 10km S of Mehter Lam PRT. At 0825, 2/3 Marines reported while on a convoy one LN girl was struck by one of the convoy vehicles. 2/3 reported LN received cuts and l...


text:
On March 19, the Michigan Board of State Canvassers approved language for a proposed citizens initiative that would add "collective bargaining" to the Declaration of Rights in Article 1 of the Michigan Constitution. If the proposal's supporters gather enough signatures, the initiative will be placed on the ballot in November.
Voters, however, should recognize that this initiative is not about recognizing personal rights. It is about tapping government power. The distinction is critical to understanding the issues at stake.
Currently, most of the rights listed in Article 1 of the Michigan Constitution are familiar; they echo rights enumerated in the U.S. Constitution. These rights include freedom of speech, freedom of religion and the right to trial by jury. Such rights protect individual freedom against government power.
Now consider the collective bargaining "rights" in the initiative. These would enshrine the ability to elect a union in any private or public workplace to negotiate a contract with an employer "regarding wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of employment." The employer would be compelled to bargain in good faith. The contract would apply to every employee, including employees who do not want the union and do not like the contract. These contracts could — and virtually all would — require every employee to support the union financially.
Yet normally, an individual employee and employer are allowed to arrive at a voluntary agreement on the employee's wages and working conditions. An employee also has a personal right to decide which groups to associate with and how to spend his or her money.
Mandatory collective bargaining infringes these rights, a point the courts have recognized. Federal courts have accepted this infringement in the private workplace largely on grounds that Congress has authorized such bargaining and that Congress has the constitutional power to regulate interstate commerce, including the pursuit of "labor peace." Michigan courts have similarly accepted this infringement in state and local government workplaces on grounds that the state Legislature has the power to pursue labor peace in Michigan government.
There is debate over just how readily governments may infringe personal rights in the workplace; freedom of association is protected by the First Amendment, after all. Regardless, both state and federal courts justify a union bargaining monopoly by citing government powers, not personal rights.
This dependence on government power is not changed by the fact that some workers support the union or that the union was chosen — at least originally — through a vote of the employees. Without an act of government, even a majority of local workers cannot legally compel an employer to bargain with a union, nor can they force other workers to accept a contract and pay fees. Similarly, a workplace vote would not be legally binding on a dissenting employer or employee unless the government made it so.
Recognizing the role of government power in establishing a union workplace monopoly helps clarify the reasoning behind a "right to work" statute, a law which this citizens initiative would prohibit. A right-to-work law prevents employees from being required to financially support a union in order to keep their jobs.
Such laws are often criticized as "allowing employees to earn the benefits of unionization without having to pay for them." But this argument assumes workers are benefiting in the first place. Instead, many workers are harmed by the unions' emphasis on uniform pay scales, seniority and rigid work rules. It's not clear why these workers should have to pay for these injuries.
More fundamentally, a union's monopoly bargaining power is based on the government's stripping dissenting workers of some of their rights. This initiative essentially requires these workers not just to lose their rights, but to give up their money, too.
Much can and should be said about the practical consequences of this initiative; indeed, the proposed amendment would likely cost over $1 billion annually. But the primary effect of the initiative would be to explicitly elevate, through the state constitution, the government's power to establish union workplace monopolies and infringe on workers' rights. Voters will need to decide whether they see this power — not right — as paramount.
Patrick J. Wright is director of the Mackinac Center Legal Foundation, a nonprofit public-interest law firm. Thomas A. Shull is senior editor at the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, a research and educational institute headquartered in Midland, Mich. Permission to reprint in whole or in part is hereby granted, provided that the authors and the Center are properly cited.
The Mackinac Center for Public Policy is a nonprofit research and educational institute that advances the principles of free markets and limited government. Through our research and education programs, we challenge government overreach and advocate for a free-market approach to public policy that frees people to realize their potential and dreams.
Please consider contributing to our work to advance a freer and more prosperous state.


text:
My "How To Focus" course was a free video course and pdf which helped many hundreds of DJs, producers and other creative minded individuals cut through the distractions inherent in modern life.
It was so successful (and got such great results for those who did it) that I'm now working on a new and enhanced version, and have removed it from the market.
So at the moment the only way you can get the original version is as a free bonus with my Start Now Finish Fast program.


text:
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At American Continental Bank, we believe that honesty is the best policy. You will encounter a genuinely satisfying banking experience with us. American Continental Bank is a community-based bank serving the surrounding Asian communities in the greater Los Angeles and Seattle/Bellevue areas. Depending on your specific banking needs, our goal is to serve you promptly and courteously in an effort to make your banking experience with us enjoyable. We are committed to working as hard as possible to ensure our customers' complete satisfaction. American Continental Bank wants more than just customers; it wants a strong, lasting relationship with the community. One of the Bank's greatest assets is its employees. It is important to the Bank that every employee has an opportunity to grow and develop and fully meet his or her own potential. Therefore, American Continental Bank is dedicated to offer ongoing training and education for all personnel.


text:
Can we fix Agriculture by a focus on how we do it or by seeing the system?
1. Its a system - in our role playing we can see that
trying to play one group off with another leads no where
but into blame. One of the key metaphors in TNS is the
idea of leaves versus the trunk of the tree. Avoid
working with the details and go to the heart of the
system. So what are the leaves? We focus on things like
rotation and buffer zones which all have to be done but
they don't get us to the core of the system. What is the
core of our system? That the food business is based a a
very very small group of distributors sitting in the
middle between all the farmers and all the consumers and
taking value for both sides. The result is that so long
as farmers are restricted to selling to 2 buyers, they
will be in a jam and will have to take it out on the
Can you see what I am saying? It is not about farming
practice per se it is about the entire food system where
in potatoes there are only 2 processors for fries and 2
end buyers for fresh. They push back at the grower who
has to himself become more efficient and hence has to
use more capital equipment, get more land and hence have
more debt.
If you went organic and sold to Loblaws, you will end up
in the same pickle.
This is where we have got it all wrong from a policy
perspective. We focus on the "leaves" of the farm
practice. Farm practice will be vital but we won't get
a change in practice until we can change the economics
and the power issues for the farmer
2. What is the emerging new model? It is to grow,
process and sell food locally and for the grower to own
all three aspects of the process. It is in effect to
develop a direct relationship with the consumer. The
essence of the industrial model was to own the interface
- initially the production such as making steel or cars
- but more recently the real power has been in
distribution or in ideas. Think of this. A DVD player
can be bought for $50 now but a DVD film costs $20!
Production for all producers has been commoditized to
the point where no one can make money after a while as a
producer only. You can download music for free - soon
you will be able to download most movies as well.
3. What are the negative trends that will help the move
to the new model? Energy costs. Modern food systems
depend entirely on cheap energy. Fertilizer is made from
oil and gas. Farmers need lots of heavy equipment. Food
is transported a 1,000 miles before it is eaten. All the
cheap and easy oil has been found. The swing oil is
located in Saudi arabia. How hopeful are you that we
will have a stable middle east? For certain oil prices
will go up. This will push the cheap oil system to the
limit. Secondly there is the issue of food safety. Mass
produced food is inherently unsafe. Cows fed grain get
ill and have to use large amounts of antibiotics and
hormones. As we understand this we will back off. Cows
slaughtered in big factories are killed badly and
cruelly. Mistakes can contaminate thousands of tons of
hamburger or hot dogs. As these risks become more
apparent we will back off. Food additives for shelf life
like trans-fats are very bad for us. As we understand
this we will back off - and so on. In the next 3 years,
food health as driven by mass production and mass
processing will come to the fore.
The idea of growing a lot here and selling it a lot over
there - the export model - is dead. Why? because
everyone except the developing world now grows a lot.
The Americans and European farmers will fight Canadian
exports and will use any means - one sick cow, a few bad
spuds to close the border. Canada's whole food industry
is built on this model and as the idea of an open border
dies so will this business.
4. What are some trends that will help? The growth of
fully integrated local food systems such as Chudleigh's
as an example to others. Or Organic coops that also
grow, process and sell locally. The growth of the
understanding that we don't want to buy food that is
unsafe or to support companies that take advantage of
us. There will be in effect a consumer lead pull for the
5. Leadership - there will be a crisis or a series of
crises. We have them here already. Wart, mad cow, lumber
etc. Poor leadership sees these as blips and hopes that
the good time will come back. Good leadership sees the
pattern and knows that we have to change. Like Ikea, the
good leader will react to the wake up call. In your
assignment be that leader. How would you get your
message across - what would you do?
6. A tip. People find it hard to grasp concepts alone.
My advice would be to build and in-cent an alternative
system on PEI and let farmers and consumers choose.
A post I used in my UPEI COurse on Business and the Natural Step


text:
Myspace FAKER, haul
7:48 AMHey guys! First, I just wanted to say thank you SO MUCH for all of your advice and well-wishes since last time. My symptoms have finally stopped and I am now just trying to get my energy back to 100%. At least I am well enough to eat Thanksgiving dinner. Yay! Happy Thanksgiving everyone!
Now, I know a lot of you probably don't read all of my comments but an Anonymous commenter posted this link asking if it was my myspace: "faker Mina's Myspace"
Obviously my name is NOT Mina, I am not a 21-year old Vietnamese-mix who is 5'11"!!! Not to mention, if it were me, why would I crop off my own watermarks? Looks like I'm going to have to be more careful with the watermarking. Sorry about this guys, but I really am against stealing of identities. If you have a myspace, report those pics as being unauthorized use. :( And "Mina" since you are obviously a reader of this site, please remove pics you have up that aren't yours. It's not nice to steal. Thank you to the Anonymous tipper who let me know about this.
Anyway, getting back to business, I've bought a few products recently that I wanted to share. First, on a trip to Marshalls I happened upon a few high-end products including the Anastasia Brows in Bloom palette and a Lancome Juicy Tubes Smoothie lipgloss.
You can still find the brow set at Sephora.com here selling for $28, but the one I bought was marked down at customer service to $8 since the brush was missing. I have tons of brushes anyway, so I was super, super excited. I must say, I love this product. It comes with a gold highlighter, a creamy wax to keep hairs in place, and two brow shades. I got the palette in Brunette which is perfect for Asians.
The Juicy Tubes smoothie is a bit more opaque than the traditional juicy tubes, but has the same consistency. The color I bought was called "Energizing Melon" which is a hot ruby pink with a bit of gold tinge to it.
You can see in the swatch how the iridescence changes the color in different lights. I love it! I can't at all wear orangey lips, but this is definitely a flattering color on me. I'm sure I'll use it for a look soon. I think I'm just falling in love with hot pink lip glosses. :P
Oh, and before anyone asks, the nail polish I'm wearing is NYX in Wild that I got from my last NYX haul. I love the color of this medium purple-fuscia. In certain lights there is a slight hint of blue iridescence too. The tips are a Sephora by OPI color my friend had. It was a very dark wine color but I'm not sure of the name.
Hope you guys are having a great holiday season! I'm off to get ready for my big family (and I mean I have a HUGE extended family) Thanksgiving feast. :)
14 comments
Happy Thanksgiving, Jen! Glad you are feeling better!!
Wow, I can't believe somebody would secretly use your pics!! I am wondering how this tipper found this profile in the first place, that's just weird. I'll be sure to report these images. The funny thing is that this person is SO stupid that he or she obviously cannot tell Asians apart. I loved how this person said that certain chicks are you when they look completely different LOL What a moron!!!"Pumped for a haircut :)" The captions are soooo lame lol Back to reporting images for unauthorized use...!
ReplyDeleteI reported the images, but you should file a complaint with Myspace.
http://www.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=misc.faq&Category=3&Question=31Sorry, that link didn't copy all the way, but if you go to myspace and their support, they tell you how to file a copyright/stolen picture claim.
ReplyDelete- AnonymousNovember 27, 2008 at 8:10 PM
how lame... think of it as a compliment. the only reason why she'd do it is because you're gorgeous :D
ReplyDelete wth! you have a faker! shoot! tsk tsk, suddenly you're mina and you stand 5'11? didn't you mention that you're petite? duh..
anyway,happy thanksgiving dear :) good thing that you are feeling better already :)
nice buys you got there,pretty cheap!:)That is DISGUSTING. She even wrote like she was you. God I'm so sick of people who do that. How do they live with themselves every day? I mean, I know you should feel flattered and all but it is just DISGUSTING. "Oh hey my name is Mina Nguyen I'm 21, so and so... I'm so hot, but I don't even look like all these pictures I've stolen."
At least someone tipped you off! God that's horrible. :)so glad someone tipped you off!!
Compliment still the same ^^ hahas she probably wishes she was as gorgeous as you are.
I love the new things you got!!
Happy Thanksgiving!~- AnonymousNovember 29, 2008 at 7:25 PM
omgg.. how can that girl use your picture for her myspace.. and post pictures of herself as well -_-"
at least if tries to use your face as herself she should put more pictures.. or none at all
what a fail myspace user... you should report her.. and maybe post her page on failblog.org =P - AnonymousNovember 30, 2008 at 5:59 PM
I don't know if you mention it in in blog before but what kind of make up remover do you use? Would it be best to use a make up remover for eye make up and a different one for the face? - AnonymousDecember 1, 2008 at 1:54 PM
Hey, I'm absolutely in love with your blog! I'm a new reader and I've reading through all your previous posts :)
I have a question~
In a post LONG ago, you posted up a nail polish color that I want to get. It's your 'pale opaque pink' and I was wondering what the exact name was. I believe the brand is LDL. It was a really long time ago! Thanks in advanced! - AnonymousDecember 1, 2008 at 6:44 PM
heyy again!.. i usually get to your blog by typing it through google.. and i few links down i found something really interesting
"frmheadtotoe.blogspot.com Estimated Worth $2949.2 USD"
=P ChoKitty: Thanks. I did file a complaint. :P
miemiemie: Well, if I look like that bikini girl, I'll take it as a compliment! Although she doesnt look 5'11" either. I think she was faking that girl too though.
Tiffany: I know. The other face pics she posted don't look anything like me! :/
And the net worth thing... DANG! I don't actually make ANY money from my blog at all. You could help me possibly make some if you click a google ad though! Or buy something from the other store links. Haha. But I haven't made anything yet.
Kate: My favorite eye makeup remover is Clinique take the day off. I use that then just use my facewash for my whole face.
Anonymous 2: I don't think it had a specific name. I checked the bottle and there's no name or number. Sorry!- AnonymousDecember 2, 2008 at 6:25 PM
heyyy long tim lurker, first time poster.
I just had to post when I saw that there was someone pretending to be you! AANNNDDD your name isn't even CLOSE to Mina XD XD XD!
anyway, I think you can report it to myspace...and they'll completely shut the account down.


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The New Cult Fave Accessory: The Visor
Once reserved for the tennis courts and golf course, the visor hat has recently been kicked up a few notches and now a staple in many designer labels' collections, as it's loved by all for its prac...
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Alternative Names : Wry neck; Loxia
Torticollis is a twisted neck in which the head is tipped to one side, while the chin is turned to the other.It is a stiff neck associated with muscle spasm, classically causing lateral flexion contracture of the cervical spine musculature. The muscles affected are principally those supplied by the spinal accessory nerve.
•Limited range of motion of the head
•Head tremor
•Neck pain
•Shoulder is higher on one side of the body
•Stiffness of neck muscles
•Swelling of the neck muscles (possibly present at birth)
Temporary Torticollis: This type of wry neck usually disappears after one or two days. It can be caused by:
*swollen lymph nodes
*an ear infection
*a cold
*an injury to the head and neck that causes swelling
Fixed Torticollis: Fixed torticollis is also called acute torticollis or permanent torticollis. It is usually due to a problem with muscle or bone structure.
Muscular Torticollis:
This is the most common type of fixed torticollis. It is caused by scarring or tight muscles on one side of the neck
Klippel-Feil Syndrome:
This is a congenital form of wry neck. It occurs when the bones in an infant's neck have formed incorrectly. Children born with this condition may have difficulty with hearing and vision.
Cervical Dystonia:
This rare disorder is sometimes referred to as spasmodic torticollis. It causes neck muscles to contract in spasms. If you have cervical dystonia, your head twists or turns painfully to one side. It may also tilt forward or backward. Cervical dystonia sometimes goes away without treatment. However, there is a risk of recurrence.
This type of wry neck or Torticollis can happen to anyone. However, it is most commonly diagnosed in middle age. It affects more women than men.
Torticollis can be inherited. It can also develop in the womb. This may happen if the fetus' head is in the wrong position. It can also be caused by damage to the muscles or blood supply to the neck.
Anyone can develop wry neck after a muscle or nervous system injury. However, most of the time, the cause of wry neck is not known. This is called idiopathic torticollis.
Evaluation of a child with torticollis begins with history taking to determine circumstances surrounding birth and any possibility of trauma or associated symptoms. Physical examination reveals decreased rotation and bending to the side opposite from the affected muscle. Some say that congenital cases more often involve the right side, but there is not complete agreement about this in published studies. Evaluation should include a thorough neurologic examination, and the possibility of associated conditions such as developmental dysplasia of the hip and clubfoot should be examined. Radiographs of the cervical spine should be obtained to rule out obvious bony abnormality, and MRI should be considered if there is concern about structural problems or other conditions.
Evaluation by an ophthalmologist should be considered in children to ensure that the torticollis is not caused by vision problems (IV cranial nerve palsy, nystagmus-associated "null position," etc.). Most cases in infants respond well to physical therapy. Other causes should be treated as noted above.
Common treatments might involve a multi-phase process:
1.Low-impact exercise to increase strong form neck stability
2.Manipulation of the neck by a chiropractor, physical therapist, or D.O.†
3.Extended heat application.
4.Repetitive shiatsu massage.
†An Osteopathic Physician (D.O.) may choose to use Cranial techniques to properly position the occipital condyles – thereby relieving compression of cranial nerve XI in children with Torticollis. This is an example of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment.
Acquired torticollis:
Acquired torticollis occurs because of another problem and usually presents in previously normal children and adults…..
*A self-limiting spontaneously occurring form of torticollis with one or more painful neck muscles is by far the most common ('stiff neck') and will pass spontaneously in 1–4 weeks. Usually the sternocleidomastoid muscle or the trapezius muscle is involved. Sometimes draughts, colds or unusual postures are implicated; however in many cases no clear cause is found. These episodes are rarely seen by doctors other than a family physician.
*Trauma to the neck can cause atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation, in which the two vertebrae closest to the skull slide with respect to each other, tearing stabilizing ligaments; this condition is treated with traction to reduce the subluxation, followed by bracing or casting until the ligamentous injury heals.
*Tumors of the skull base (posterior fossa tumors) can compress the nerve supply to the neck and cause torticollis, and these problems must be treated surgically.
*Infections in the posterior pharynx can irritate the nerves supplying the neck muscles and cause torticollis, and these infections may be treated with antibiotics if they are not too severe, but could require surgical debridement in intractable cases.
*Ear infections and surgical removal of the adenoids can cause an entity known as Grisel's syndrome, a subluxation of the upper cervical joints, mostly the atlantoaxial joint, due to inflammatory laxity of the ligaments caused by an infection. This bridge must either be broken through manipulation of the neck, or surgically resected.
*The use of certain drugs, such as antipsychotics, can cause torticollis.
*Antiemetics – Neuroleptic Class – Phenothiazines
There are many other rare causes of torticollis.
Spasmodic torticollis:
Torticollis with recurrent but transient contraction of the muscles of the neck and esp. of the sternocleidomastoid. "intermittent torticollis . "cervical dystonia"
TREATMENT: Botulinum toxin has been used to inhibit the spastic contractions of the affected muscles.
In animals:….CLICK & SEE
The condition can also occur in animals, usually as a result of an inner ear infection but sometimes as a result of an injury. It is seen largely in domestic rodents and rabbits, but may also appear in dogs and other different animals.
Possible ComplicationsComplications may include:
•Muscle swelling due to constant tension
•Neurological symptoms due to compressed nerve roots
The condition may be easier to correct in infants and children. If the condition becomes chronic, numbness and tingling may develop as nerve roots become compressed in the neck.
The muscle itself may become large (hypertrophic) due to constant stimulation and exercise.
Botulinum toxin injections often provide substantial relief.
Disclaimer: This information is not meant to be a substitute for professional medical advise or help. It is always best to consult with a Physician about serious health concerns. This information is in no way intended to diagnose or prescribe remedies.This is purely for educational purpose
Related articles
- Bodyquirk of the Month: Torticollis (bodyquirks.wordpress.com)
- Relieve Neck & Shoulder Pain Caused by Computers with Daily Exercise (bodyquirks.wordpress.com)
- Torticollis (kylealina.wordpress.com)
- the doc will see you now (chocolateseoul.wordpress.com)
- Blessed Assurance (chocolateseoul.wordpress.com)
- The Body Remembers – Childhood Origins of Adult Musculoskeletal Issues – Part I (hofholistichealingcenters.wordpress.com)
- Trigger Points for Headache Relief – Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis (augustpoint.wordpress.com)
- Some Health Quaries & Answers (findmeacure.com)
- Is torticollis painful? (zocdoc.com)
- Is my child dragging his foot because of torticollis? (zocdoc.com)


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Writely is the best Phd writing services in West Africa. They are committed to providing high-quality content to customers with low prices.
A lot of West Africa students are looking for Phd writing services in West Africa because they want their work done by experts in the field. When students use Writely, they get a chance to enjoy all kinds of benefits like high-quality content, affordable rates, and on-time delivery.
When you are looking for the best Phd writing services West Africa, Writely is what you need. We provide the best of the services to our clients so that they can get their work done without any hassle. Whether it is a dissertation, thesis, or even an article, we have the right team of writers who can create content for you.
The research paper writing industry has seen a massive transformation in recent times with start-ups like Writely entering into this space. The new companies are using technology and tools to streamline processes and cater to the needs of every customer. Writely offers some of the most competitive prices in West Africa and uses award-winning technology that guarantees plagiarism-free content with consistent quality.
The World's Largest 24/7 Writing/Editorial Service
Writely is a content writing agency committed to delivering the best-written thesis, dissertation, essay, assignment, research papers, blog post proposal writing, and business reports.
We are proud to only write top-quality content. We may draw on specialists in many industries with authors from all around the world to develop contents that fit your distinctive objectives. We offer contents that are fascinating, instructive, fun, and easy to share.
Multiple award-winning team of professional researchers, writers, consultants, customer service agents, quality assurance managers, support team specialists and experts
Writely is is roundly established content writing agency in the world, 365-days a year Academic Help, Professional & Business Writing service custom tailored for students, academics, educational institutions, professionals, corporate firms and businesses worldwide.
It's always a joy to hear that the work we do, has positively reviews.
Our writers have helped clients in many sectors create and revise numerous types of proposals and optimize them. We use the finest possible communication alternatives for customers living beyond our principal premises.