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Hawthorne & Heaney is currently looking for an embroidery intern to join us in 2017.
We are looking for a current undergraduate fashion/textiles/costume student to join us in the studio for a 3-6 month internship. Duties will include machine and hand sewing, general administration, maintenance of the social media sites, research, assisting with embroidery preparation for both the staff and for the School and errands. Time is also set aside from duties to develop your own embroidery skills during your internship. Applicants must be hard working, versatile, enthusiastic, professional, responsible and able work well in a small team. Attention to detail is a must along with patience as nothing in embroidery is particularly quick.
Specific Needs
- Sewing skills are essential, and a proficiency in both hand and machine sewing would be ideal.
- Computer knowledge of both MAC and PC, ideally with an understanding of adobe programs and G drive
- Trend aware
- Looking to gain experience in a live studio in the embroidery sector
- Must be a current undergraduate student of a fashion/textiles related course
- Able to travel into London every day
This internship is unpaid and should be taken in addition to a current undergraduate course, we are therefore unable to accept non students for this position.
If you would be interested in furthering your studies please fill out the attached form.

subset: commoncrawl


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Courtesy of Widmers Brothers Brewing Co |
Courtesy of Firefox |
Widmer Brothers and Firefox are teaming up to create an open source beer and need your help to make it happen.
For the first phase of the
process they're soliciting input from the public through
this survey from now until this Friday at 4pm.
This version 1 of the beer will be unveiled at Widmer's Pints for Portland event the week of 5/21.


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Is this the red bus that sparked a thousand copyright debates? |
He wrote in response to my musings regarding the current test for copyright subsistence in photographs:
Does Painer apply? Painer was considering the "own intellectual creation" standard for European Law, but common law protection is, arguably, lower (I'd say - almost indisputably).My understanding was that there are not two systems that run in parallel for assessing whether a photograph has artistic copyright and that following Infopaq, which was confirmed in Painer, the correct test is now "author's own intellectual creation" rather than the common law approach of originality. However, lacking complete confidence in my convictions, I deferred to a higher authority, namely Dr Justine Pila of Oxford University. She, diplomatically, replied as follows:
Surely recital 16/article 6 of 2006/116/EC preserved the common law level of protection for "uncreative" photographs? The 1988 was not, and could not, be amended to raise that level of protection by a regulations made under the 1972 Act, so the law must, presumably, be the common law. Unless some new, countervailing, principle exists that has never been properly articulated.
I agree with you both.
1. Is the common law originality standard lower than the EU ("author's own intellectual creation") standard?
*If* the common law standard requires "skill and labour" only, and *if* the EU standard requires creativity (as per Floyd J and AG Mengozzi in Football Dataco) then *in principle* yes - and this certainly was the view of AG Mengozzi in that case ("copyright protection is conditional upon the database being characterised by a 'creative' aspect, and it is not sufficient that the creation of the database required labour and skill").
2. Does the Term Directive permit Member States to confer copyright protection on photographs which satisfy the common law originality standard but not the EU standard?
I think it does. Article 6 of the Term Directive requires that photographs satisfying the EU standard be protected as literary or artistic works within the meaning of Berne Art 2 - ie, by lit/artistic copyright - without the imposition of any other criteria. And it expressly permits [Member States] to "provide for the protection of other photographs", ie, photographs not satisfying the EU standard. So the only question is whether UK law still recognises the sufficiency of the common law originality standard with respect to photographs.
3. Does UK law recognise photographic copyright in the absence of "creativity"?
I think it does, consistent with Antiquesportfolio.com (2001 Ch).
4. Does it follow that UK copyright only subsists in photographs if they are creative, or that the UK and European tests of photographic copyright differ?
No, I don't think so, because I don't think that Painer requires creativity for photographic copyright. Rather, it requires (a) that the subject matter of a photograph leaves scope for "sufficient formative freedom", and (b) that the photographer exploit that freedom so as to leave his "mark" on the resulting work (ie, the photograph). (And it held that in the case of a photographic portrait, there is sufficient formative freedom, and thus the possibility of copyright, as "the photographer can determine, among other things, the angle, the position and the facial expression of the person portrayed, the background, the sharpness, and the light/lighting.") In my view this is perfectly consistent with the UK approach as adopted in Antiquesportfolio.com, where the court held that UK copyright will always subsist in a photograph of a single, static non-spherical 3-d object (eg, antiques) on the basis of the judgement involved in positioning the object, determining the angle at which it is to be taken, and determining the lighting and focus.
So I agree with you, that the European and UK tests of photographic copyright are the same, and conform with that adopted in Painer. The critical question in any particular case is whether the subject matter leaves scope for "sufficient formative freedom" which the photographer exploits so as to leave his "mark" on the resulting work. This test seems better captured by the "author's own intellectual creation" formulation than the "skill and labour" one; though in fact UK courts have often expressed the common law originality standard in terms of "skill, labour and judgement", which is arguably not different from the European "author's own intellectual creation" test. And I personally doubt that the EU test requires creativity - it's almost identical to the Canadian test, which was formulated partly so as to underline that creativity is *not* required. (That at least is my memory.)
Do you agree? Where is the line in your jurisdiction? Where do you think the line for copyright subsistence should lie? Please join in the debate using the comments section below.
Note: no weblinks were included in the correspondence. They have been included in this blog for readers' ease of reference.


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In terms of weather, 2011 has made it into the record books. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced that during this year, there have been 12 different weather disasters that cost more than $1 billion. The previous record was nine in 2008.
A few more facts from NOAA:
-- "These 12 disasters alone resulted in the tragic loss of 646 lives, with the National Weather Service reporting over 1,000 deaths across all weather categories for the year."
-- NOAA had originally counted 10 disasters, but that estimate went up after the wildfires in Texas and New Mexico exceeded $1 billion in damage. Also, NOAA just added the "June 18-22 Midwest/Southeast Tornadoes and Severe Weather event, which just recently exceeded the $1 billion threshold."
Here's a historical graph from NOAA:
The AP spoke to National Weather Service Director Jack Hayes, who said he has never seen a year like this in terms of extreme weather. Hayes has been a meteorologist since 1970 and calls the waning year, "the deadly, destructive and relentless 2011."
And as we're all well aware it's not over, yet. The AP adds:
This year's total may not stop at 12. Officials are still adding up the damage from the Tropical Storm Lee and the pre-Halloween Northeast snowstorm, and so far each is at $750 million. And there's still nearly a month left in the year.
Scientists blame an unlucky combination of global warming and freak chance. They say even with the long-predicted increase in weather extremes triggered by manmade climate change, 2011 in the U.S. was wilder than they predicted. For example, the six large outbreaks of twisters can't be attributed to global warming, scientists say.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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The United States on Wednesday submitted to the United Nations its vision for a new international climate agreement that is "built to last," outlining what it thinks should be the main elements of a climate deal to be agreed upon in Paris in 2015.
The U.S. delegation was the first to share its ideas for what the 2015 climate deal could look like, and made clear that a future framework should not use the "bifurcated approach" of the 1997 Kyoto protocol, which placed different burdens on developed and developing countries to reduce pollution.
Governments of over 190 countries agreed last year that a new deal would consist of a patchwork of national contributions to curb emissions that would blur the 20-year-old distinction between the obligations of rich and poor nations.
The United States said it wants the new framework to be more nimble than its predecessor so that amendments to the agreement do not require consensus-based support, which in the past has repeatedly bogged down negotiations.
That deal, if concluded, would require all governments to set new targets to drive down their emissions after the year 2020, and hold countries like the United States, Japan and nations of the EU to the same legal requirements of China, India and other fast-growing developing countries.
"There have been, and will continue to be, dramatic and dynamic shifts in countries' emissions and economic profiles that make such an approach untenable, environmentally and otherwise," the United States' submission said.
Alden Meyer, director of strategy and policy for the Union of Concerned Scientists and veteran observer of the UN talks, said the United States has taken a lead in sharing its post-2020 vision since it has been the main champion of a UN deal that centers around separate national strategies rather than a common binding target.
"The U.S. is staking out fairly firm stuff that they want to see," he said. "All the major countries, including China, India and Brazil, are expected to be fairly transparent and detailed. That is the clear reading from this."
Among the requirements envisioned by the United States for countries' "contributions" to the global pact are that they conform to a common timeframe with other countries, and be specific, quantified and quantifiable.
The national plans submitted to the United Nations should specify details such as what the base year for emissions reductions will be, what greenhouse gases and sectors are covered under the plan and what percentage of overall emissions will be targeted, according to the U.S. proposal.
Annie Petsonk, international counsel to the Environmental Defense Fund, said the United States is signaling that a new framework has to have "comparability" to ensure that countries' plans stack up against each other and contribute appropriately to a common global goal.
Petsonk noted that the U.S. plan laid out a different approach to the legal nature of a future agreement that reflects the fact that a politically divided U.S. Congress is unlikely to approve any new international climate treaty.
Unlike the 1997 Kyoto protocol, in which the agreed treaty required ratification by Congress, the 2015 would instead rely on countries' domestic authorities to enforce their contributions.
Petsonk said Wednesday's U.S. plan was "an international counterpart" to President Barack Obama's major speech on climate made in June 2013, when Obama laid out a strategy to reach the national goal of cutting greenhouse gas emissions 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2020.
French President Francois Hollande and Obama this week pledged to work together to ensure a successful outcome at the 2015 Paris climate talks.
"The only way we're going to do that is if countries like the United States and France can over time come to a common position, and bring in countries like China and India as well," a senior administration official said Tuesday.
Obama and other heads of state are expected to participate in a special climate summit at UN headquarters in September at the invitation of Secretary General Ban Ki-moon.
Some countries are expected to announce their national plans around the time of that summit.
The Obama administration has also quietly launched an interagency process to prepare a national goal to kick in after 2020, according to the publication Climatewire.
(Editing by Ros Krasny and Richard Chang)


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Can be personalized with names on the Stockings. There is a banner to put the year or a family name or whatever you wish
Some Examples:
The Smith Family
The Smith Family 2020
Merry Christmas 2020
Our Family 2020
Note: Colors on the stocking toes will vary on each ornament. If there is a specific color you DON'T want for one of the names then please let me know and I will do my best to accomodate but I cannot guarantee it
Please list names for the stockings in order from left to right and also what you would like on the banner in the notes section.
Size: 4" L x 7.25" W
Weight: 114g


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Garage Door Mobile Service Repair - Custom Garage Doors Thornton, CO - 303-222-0728
Garage doors are the alternative entryway to the house or a commercial location. Garage doors occupy a major part of your premise's frontal area, since it is a common norm to allocate a large area for garage space to park multiple vehicles. In such cases, the look and feel of your garage door adds to the visual appeal of your premise as a whole. Garage Door Mobile Service Repair provides a list of garage door options for you to choose from and can also build a door from scratch to suit your unique tastes and preferences.
Individuals in Thornton, CO spend lots of money to get a custom garage door done. However, Garage Door Mobile Service Repair provides multiple options, which are suitable for your needs and requirement, and are also easy on your pocket. All our custom garage doors are made based on the requirement and can be personalized in terms of the quality of workmanship, design, material and the model of the garage door. Most of the common options for people, who prefer a custom made garage door, would be high quality timber, vinyl, high polished steel or fiberglass.
We also offer a variety of door types to choose from. There are three popular kinds of garage doors available like the classic swing style door, carriage house doors and sectional garage door. Most of the garage door lovers prefer to have a wooden garage door, as it is easy to maintain and service. Wooden garage doors are easy to personalize and the design can also be altered on a regular basis.
We provide an elegant custom garage door, which is guaranteed to offer a combination of high durability, exotic visuals and a rich feel while using it. Garage Door Mobile Service Repair uses a fine set of components and parts to provide the best quality and employs the best skill in the industry to ensure that our service quality remains unequalled.
Our services are budget oriented, where we focus on giving the maximum quality by charging a nominal amount. So whatever door you have in mind, our team can build it for you in the right manner and at a reasonable price. Garage Door Mobile Service Repair ensures a safe installation and provides regular maintenance services to ensure that your custom doors compliment your home's look for a long time to come.


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Meet the ASICS GEL-Kayano 30. Designed for softness and support. this reliable running shoe celebrates its 30th victory lap with plush cushioning and adaptive stability. The 4D Guidance System™ provides on-demand support and leads your foot through a more efficient stride. It adapts to your form when fatigue sets in. providing smooth and reliable support from start to finish. Enjoy soft landings from the PureGEL™ technology in the heel. while FF BLAST™ PLUS ECO provides cloud-like comfort. In the ASICS GEL-Kayano 30. stability never felt better!
What's New?
- 4D Guidance System™ leads your foot through every stride and adapts as your form changes over longer distances.
- PureGEL™ technology improves shock absorption for softer landings and smoother transitions.
- FF BLAST™ PLUS ECO and an increased 4mm stack height create more cloud-like softness.
Who's it for?
- Overpronators who need comfort and support for daily training runs.
- Runners who want long-lasting softness and stability during long-distance races.
Shoe Technology
Upper: Engineered stretch knit upper improves breathability. External heel counter secures your foot through every stride. Reflective details improve visibility in low-light conditions. OrthoLite™ X-55 sockliner improves step-in comfort. At least 75% of the upper material is recycled to reduce waste and carbon emissions. The sockliner features a solution dyeing process that reduces water usage by approximately 33% and carbon emissions by 45% compared to conventional methods.
Midsole: FF BLAST™ PLUS ECO includes approximately 20% bio-based content for cloud-like comfort. PureGEL™ technology in the heel provides lightweight cushioning for softer landings. 4D Guidance System™ provides adaptive stability for a more balanced stride.
Outsole: AHARPLUS™ heel plug improves durability for extended use.


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We Will Meet or Beat Any Price - Click Here to Submit Your Pricing Information
This Triumph 6655 Paper Cutter Value Kit includes one (1x) box of 6 cutting sticks and one (1x) extra blade. This is a great deal!
Programmable cutter with automatic clamp, power back gauge, and digital touchpad. Cutting width is a full 25 1/2 inches.
Comprehensive SCS safety package: patented EASY CUT electronic blade activation bars for true two-hand operation; transparent, electronically controlled front safety guard; safety cover on rear table; main switch and safety lock with key; 24 volt controls (low voltage); patented IDEAL safety drive; automatic blade and clamp return from every position; disc brake for instant blade stop; blade changing device covers cutting edge of blade; blade depth adjustment from outside of machine; blade and cutting stick can be changed without removing covers.
Ergonomic, 37 inch working height. Electric blade and clamp drive. Electric back gauge drive with touchpad for easy programming. Front table digital display (cm or inches) with multilingual operator guidance. Digital display accurate to 1/10 mm or 1/100 inch. Stores 99 programs with up to 99 steps in each (up to 15 repeat cuts can be integrated as a single step). Pre-programmed for standard paper sizes. Memory key for repeat cuts. Automatic SET function for reference measurement and EJECT function for pushing out paper. Self-diagnostic system with error indication on display. Electronic hand wheel with variable speed control for manual back gauge setting. Bright, LED optical cutting line. Adjustable, spindle guided back gauge with narrow separations and plastic gliders. Dual side guides on front and rear tables. High quality, German steel blade. Solid steel blade carrier and adjustable blade guides. All-metal construction. Includes stand with storage shelf, easy-access tool holder, and paper blocking tool. Optional side tables increase work surface.


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Save 12% Sitewide | Code: save12✱
Carprieve Caplets 100mg 30ct
Sale Price: $19.61
- Let us contact your vet for you
- Have your vet call or fax us
- Mail us the original prescription
Carprieve is a Rimadyl generic that provides clinically effective pain relief associated with osteoarthritis and post operative pain associated with soft tissue and orthopedic surgeries in dogs. It is non-narcotic, non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory and is available as scored caplets that contain 25 mg, 75 mg and 100 mg per caplet. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful condition caused by "wear and tear" of cartilage and other parts of the joints that may result in the following changes or signs in your dog:
- Limping or lameness
- Decreased activity or exercise (reluctance to stand, climb or run, or difficulty in performing these activities)
- Stiffness or decreased movement of joints
- Relief from pain to improve quality of life
- Control of pain and inflammation from surgery
How it works
Carprieve is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by inhibiting the hormones which generate chemicals that are responsible for pain and inflammation.
- Carprieve Caplets are to be given orally.
- The recommended dosage is 2 mg per pound daily, given in 1 dose or divided between 2 doses daily.
- It may be given with or without food.
- Give this medication exactly as directed by your veterinarian.
Store at controlled room temperature 15ºC -30ºC (59ºF - 86ºF).
Keep out of reach of children. Not for human use. Consult a physician in cases of accidental ingestion by humans. For use in dogs only. Do not use in cats.


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Books may seem ever more anachronistic as electronics and the Internet continue to supplant their traditional roles, yet there will always be a place for books in our lives – and in our homes. These 15 creative bookcases take outrageous storage to the next level… storageous?
The REK Bookcase
(image via: Dezeen)
Book storage turning you into a nervous wreck? Reiner De Jong has a solution: REK, an expandable bookcase that expands to accommodate your book collection. Composed of 5 sliding sections that fit together not unlike a jigsaw puzzle, REK will enhance any decor scheme with its tough laminate finish (gloss white outside, satin grey within).
(image via: Skyscraper City)
REK reminds one of the Cafe Wall Illusion made famous by the Australian Customs Service building. This iconic architectural optical illusion does NOT expand when more storage space is needed, but the building's interior design could certainly be complemented by the installation of several dozen REK bookcases.
The Platzhalter Bookcase
(images via: Gizmodo and Shoplet)
The Platzhalter bookshelf has a split personality, which happens to be a good thing. Possibly inspired by that guy everyone knows whose bookcases are so full tomes can be neither stored nor withdrawn, the Platzhalter bookshelf splits down the middle providing about 30% more storage space. Of course, "that guy" will just overstuff it again, but at least someone's making an effort.
Bookman Is On The Case
(image via: Declubz)
Remember that Seinfeld episode where Jerry's being harassed by uber-diligent library cop, Lieutenant Bookman over an overdue book? Well, Bookman's not only still ON the case, he IS the case: this anthropomorphic shelving unit can turn any thin, single and neat joy-boy into the ideal well-read man.
Coast To Coast, Cover To Cover
(images via: Neatorama, Visualingual and 770)
When you're a famous artist like Ron Arad, you can get away with calling an America-shaped bookcase anything you want. Even, say, "Oh, the farmer and the cowman should be friends". It doesn't have to make sense (though it's likely to make Arad dollars), it just has to look good. And so it does.
The Reaction Bookcase
(images via: Trends Updates and A.P.C.I)
This combination lounge chair and bookcase could have been called Psychotic Reaction but that's another song for another time. The Reaction Bookcase, or Bibliothèque Réaction in the language of its French designer, Olivier Peyricot, resembles an oversized hamster wheel six feet in diameter – or maybe the library on the International Space Station.
Yin Yang Bookcase
(image via: Apartment Therapy)
As solid and strong as the above Yin Yang Bookcase may look, in truth it's made of cardboard – and you can make one too! Eric Guiomar and the gang at Instructables provides complete plans that will allow anyone to add a little balance to their home environment while impressing the hell out of their friends in the process.
The Skew Bookcase
(images via: Hooked On Houses and Designboom)
These shocking pink bookcases look like they have a skew loose… or, they look somewhat askew. Whatever. The Skew Bookcase is a modular product that looks like the normally straight-laced designers at IKEA got into some bad acid. That's not too far off the mark, actually, as Smånsk is, in their own words, "a Stockholm based design studio that brings you happiness, good health and beautiful furniture and interiors." Heavy man, far out.
(image via: Smansk)
Above is Smånsk's design for the Vagabond Travel Workshop, most definitely the place for a "trip" in every sense of the word.
The Infinity Bookcase
(images via: Book Patrol and Neatorama)
Where does one keep an infinite number of books? In the Infinity Bookcase, of course! Dutch conceptual artist Job Koelewijn created this large-scale figure 8 bookcase to reflect both the infinite power of books as they relate to the infinite nature of knowledge. It's hard to say how readers access the inner shelves of the bookcase… but with infinite time, someone will surely figure it out.
The Blurred Bookcase
(image via: Designs Delight)
The Blurred Bookcase looks as if its owner is The Last Of The Red Hot Readers. As for the design itself, it appears stable enough though if you stare at it enough, it might have you wondering the same about yourself.
JUXTAPOSED: Religion Bookcase
(images via: Design Public and The Green Head)
The JUXTAPOSED: Religion Bookcase by BlankBlank plays by the numbers: it holds just 7 selected theological books, was made in a very limited edition of 50, and costs $2,500. Once you get past that, it's easy to appreciate the unique attributes of this most unusual reclaimed hardwood shelf that puts very different religious books, for example the Bhagavad Gita, Bible, Qur'an, Analects of Confucius, the Tao Te Ching, Discourses of the Buddha and the Torah on the same level. Literally.
Scaffold Bookcase
(images via: Behance Network and Tuvie)
These modular scaffold bookcases by Maria Yasko can be used to store much more than books. Made from Corian, a tough but light synthetic material often used to make countertops, Yasko's pieces come in a variety of appealing colors. How they're connected depends on the mood of the owner with the only rule being "the more, the merrier".
Amazing Maze Bookcase
(images via: Inhabitat)
This amazing bookcase from German design firm Woodloops looks so good, you won't want to distract from the design by stocking it with even one single book. Like all of Woodloops' creations, the maze bookcase is constructed using only FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) certified wood hand-finished with natural waxes and oils.
Mydna Bookcase
(images via: Yanko Design)
If the Mydna Bookcase from Mexican designer Joel Escalona looks familiar, it also sounds familiar: as in "My DNA". Available in two versions – one static and the other rotating on its pedestal, the Mydna Bookcase puts a new twist on storing one's books.
Billy's Brother Bookcase
(images via: ADDI)
This somewhat disturbing bookcase from Sweden's ADDI might look like it's about to topple over but never fear, it's just an illusion. Even so, the oddly named Billy's Brother Bookcase effectively blurs the line between hardware and sculpture.
Bibliothèque Zelli Bookcase
(images via: Woohome, Blog Naver and Dar en Art)
This beautiful, snowflake-shaped bookcase from Younes Douret is called the Bibliothèque Zelli. Measuring 140cm (about 56 inches) in diameter, this is one piece of furniture that will be the center of attention wherever it's placed. The bookcase, distributed by Dar en Art, comes in white or black and according to Douret, is not actually based on a six-pointed snowflake – instead, Douret draws inspiration from an Arabic graphic called a "Zellij", which has 8 points and is composed of 8 identical segments making it surprisingly easy to build.
Well, that should cover it (sorry), at least for the moment. Reading will never go out of style and we can thank the world's bookcase designers for helping ensure that style never goes out of our reading.


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Expand Your Charitable Reach
As a kid, Zachary Conway's financial advisor father tried to instill good savings and charitable habits. Conway, founder and CEO of Seeds Investor, recently told the Framework podcast team about how that worked. When he got his monthly allowance, he divided it up among several containers: o …
How to Make Charitable Giving Part of Your Financial Plan
COVID-19 caused an economic shockwave that we'll feel for a long time. Nonprofits, from large global networks to the local churches, have been hit hard, too. In a recent survey of 110 nonprofits, 80% of them said revenue had fallen across the board.
How a Donor-Advised Fund Can Help Your Charitable Giving
Giving is an important part of our society. It provides us the opportunity to support causes we believe in and make a positive impact. Giving isn't always about donating money. It can also include volunteering time or donating goods and resources. Here are some examples of the impact:
Are You Guilty of "Peanut Butter Philanthropy"? How to Overcome Your Best Impulse and Give Strategically
The so-called "Peanut Butter Manifesto" written by a Yahoo! Executive in 2006 gave us a term that hasn't worn thin yet. The "Peanut Butter Approach" is a derisive term used in business to describe spreading anything – money, energy, time – too far and too thin to be effective or useful.
The Power of 'Emotional ROI' Through Charitable Giving
Return on Investment (ROI) is a term you learn about 5 minutes into your first class in business school. Maybe the business model is elegant and the organization is streamlined, but that all begs the question: what is the ROI? How much will we make?
How Can I Donate in the Most Efficient Way Possible?
There are many ways to give to nonprofit organizations – from dropping off your old couch at Goodwill to volunteering at the local soup kitchen. When it comes to giving money, there are many personal benefits, both emotional and financial.


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Ultimate Oriole Feeder
Finally an Oriole feeder with enough nectar, orange halves and jelly capacity to attract and hold Orioles in your yard! When Orioles arrive, they are starving and quickly consume what's on other feeders. When the feeders are empty, they move elsewhere looking for more to eat. This won't happen to you with the new Songbird Essentials Ultimate Oriole Feeder. Feed nectar, jelly and oranges all at the same time. Built in ant moat keeps ants out of the Oriole's treats. Holds 4 halves of real oranges in such a way that ant moat can still be filled with water and be effective. Holds 1 quart of nectar which is twice as much as other flat top nectar feeders. Holds 4 times the jelly as other nectar and jelly combo feeders. Easy to fill and clean.


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1911 / 2011 Main Spring Cap – Stainless Steel
Heat Treated & Hardened For Long Service Life
Manufactured of high-grade steel on high end Swiss CNC screw machines. Center-less ground for a perfect fit and flaw-less performance. All parts are heat treated and hardened after machining for extra durability and finsished with black oxide finish for increased durability and wear.
All pins meet or exceed specification for all manufactures
Ready to install into your 1911


text: Lemony Snicket - A Series Of Unfortunate Events - Platform: XBox Health lockets: --------------- When climbing on the outside of Count Olaf's Tower, you usually go to the left to work your way up the tower. However, sometimes if you work your way to the right and peek around corners you might not normally look, you can find health lockets. Klaus: ------ Klaus has the ability to do more with flying with Violet's invention; use Klaus for that to fly over things. Levitating Loafers for Klaus: ----------------------------- At Uncle Monty's house you will need to make a pair of Levitating Loafers for Klaus. You will find one of the invention pieces, a pair of boots, outside the shed, above the door, in Uncle Monty's garden. In order to climb up and get the boots, you will need to use the Brilliant Bopper (or the Fruit Flinger) to knock over the water cans that hang from the second floor windows. The spilled water will cause giant flowers to grow. You can then jump on these to get over to the roof and grab the boots. Making the Fruitflinger: ------------------------ Go up to the West Hall. There is an enemy around the corner. With Klaus, go to the wall and wait, then hit her. Go to the cabinet and push it. Go in the secret room. On the way to the piano in the main room, there is fan. Take it. Then, go to the kitchen . Another enemy is there. He will throw three meatballs at you. After he throws them at you, run up to him and hit him. Repeat the process until you win. Protect Aunt Josephine from Leeches: ------------------------------------ Aim your Peppermint Popper closely in front of her feet. Once it is aimed properly, do not stop firing. This should work for all of the Leeches.


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An examination of the problem of separating pink sapphire and padparadscha from ruby.
I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness, starving hysterical naked… Allen Ginsberg, Howl
Walking the line between ruby, pink sapphire and padparadscha
Ever notice how gemologists and dealers toss the term padparadscha around like some kinda überrock. If the gem isn't buff enough to make the centerfold of Gem & Gemology, it is sniffed at as a "lesser being" unworthy of the name.
And when it comes to the crimson corundums, despite a decade's worth of McCarthyism we Yanks still cannot sort out the difference between a pinko and a true red.
By this point, I know what you're thinking. Do I really want to continue reading? Straight out of the gate this man is three sheets into a gale-force Beat ramble.
But follow me here, people. The crux of what I'm about to discuss is a desire – most human I admit – for a simple word to separate something that has stymied the best minds of my generation. The question is whether or not a variety name should encompass hue position alone, or segregate gems of the same hue into different groups based on often poorly understood tone and saturation ranges – factors that often have a direct bearing on quality.
Ours is a strictly visual medium. Unfortunately, when it comes to questions like ruby vs. pink sapphire, or padparadscha vs. lesser branches of the corundum family tree, we behave as though we are all graduates of the Braille Academy of the Visual Arts. Too often, we feel for the dots on the lab cert, rather than looking with our own eyes to see if it is beautiful.
Ruby or pink sapphire? A lesson from the past
The sense of sight is indeed the highest bodily privilege, the purest physical pleasure, which man has derived from his creator. Sydney Smith
Today it is the fashion of our land to refer to the pinks as something other than reds. But it wasn't always that way. In days gone by, pink corundums were termed female rubies, as opposed to the deeper red male stones. Witness the following:
Rubies, for which Ceylon was renowned at a very early period, are seldom found at present of any considerable size; and are not often larger than particles of gravel or grains of barley: The Indians speak of them as more or less ripe, which means more or less high-coloured. A.M. Philalethes, 1817
A search of the gemological literature reveals that the term pink sapphire did not appear until the beginning of the twentieth century. Prior to this, all corundums of a red color (pink is merely a light red) were referred to as rubies. Typical was the following:
The Pink-ruby ("patmaraga" Singh.) is a beautiful stone and seldom met with. It is by some prized equally with the ruby. It is of a light ruby colour with a strong dash of pink in it. This is likewise rarely found without blemish. It sells well when defectless, both among Europeans and Asiatics. J.F. Stewart, June 11, 1855
Gems and Gem Searching in Saffragam (from Ferguson, 1888)
Here's another from 1873:
The colour of the ruby varies from the lightest rose-tint to the deepest carmine. Those too dark or too light are not esteemed. Harry Emanuel, 1873
Then someone decided that pink was not red. In the late 19th and early 20th century, the term pink sapphire makes its first appearance:
The tint of the red stones varies considerably in depth; jewellers term them, when pale, pink sapphires, but, of course, no sharp distinction can be drawn between them and rubies. G.F. Herbert Smith, 1913
So what exactly is pink? The Methuen Handbook of Colour (1989) provides the following definition:
Pink: Same as rose; a general name which may have been derived from that of the pink family of plants. It is used somewhat arbitrarily in reference to pale and light reds. Methuen Handbook of Colour
The color purple It is a common, but erroneous, belief that Thai/Cambodian rubies are more "purple" than those from Mogok. Using the proper definition of the term purple (i.e., a hue or hues lying between red and violet), we actually find that Mogok rubies are more purple than those from the Thai/Cambodian border. Gem dealers know what they are seeing, but do not describe it in terms consistent with the use of those same words in other industries. To the color scientist, purple is merely a hue position. In order to properly describe the color, saturation and darkness must also be defined. The problem with most dealer descriptions of gem colors is that they try to describe all colors and color differences in terms of changes in hue position and darkness. In fact, when judging the color of gems, saturation of hue is of paramount importance, not tiny nuances in hue position. When a gem dealer says that a Thai/Cambodian ruby is too purple compared to those from Mogok, he is confusing the low-saturation red (grayish red) of the Thai ruby with the higher saturation (but more purplish) red of the Mogok stone. |
Riding the edge
Exactly where does one draw the line? Neither gemologists or traders can agree, which has led to the ridiculous situation of stones being brought to labs solely to determine if they are rubies or pink sapphires. Hello? Anyone home?
Where can such madness lead? Allow me to illustrate. A stone was sold to a client. In an attempt to give a conservative description, the seller tagged it a pink sapphire. The buyer sent it to a major lab, and was crushed when her fine "pink sapphire" was labeled a mere "ruby" by the rock docs. This is precisely the type of misunderstanding that results when one relies on the word, as opposed to what is manifest with the eye.
In the case of pink sapphire, our corundum conundrum has resulted from a quirk of language. In the Queen's English, "red" is dissected into two separate words. To the layperson, "pink" is synonymous with "rose" and refers to pale or light reds, while "red" encompasses deeper tones and intensities only. Since ruby is defined as being red, someone decided that pink must be a sapphire and problems began. However, to the color scientist, pink is a subvariety of red. Logically, they would fall under the same heading.
A comparison can be made to the Thai language, which features two distinct words for blue. See fah (สีฟ้า) refers to light blue, while see num ngun (สีน้ำเงิน) covers only the richer variety. If Thais used the same logic for blue sapphire as we apply for ruby/pink sapphire, then blue sapphires from Ceylon would have a different name than those from Australia.
Make sense? Not to me, but much of the gem trade apparently thinks so, because this is exactly how we subdivide red corundum.
We don't have this problem with blue sapphires; light or deep blue, they are still blue sapphires. So why not label all red corundum ruby, regardless of depth or intensity, just as was done prior to the 20th century? This would eliminate the above problem.
In 1989, the International Colored Gemstone Association (ICA) adopted just such nomenclature. Unfortunately, the powerful American market continues to use the term pink sapphire, leading producing countries both by the nose and all of us into needless problems.
The princely kiss of padparadscha
Om mani padme hum – Hail the jewel in the heart of the lotus Buddhist mantra
Just what is in a name? Plenty when it comes to the jewel known as padparadscha. The debate over its use pits those who believe that romantic terms are vital sales aids against others afraid that buyers will be taken advantage of if the padparadscha brush is too broad. But before getting into that, let's look at the root word of our padparadscha.
Today, many narrowly define padparadscha as a Sri Lankan sapphire of delicate pinkish orange color. But the original use of the term was somewhat different. Padparadscha is derived from the Sanskrit/Singhalese padma raga (padma = lotus; raga = color), a color akin to the lotus flower (Nelumbo Nucifera 'Speciosa'). Wojtilla provides the following from a Sanskrit source under his description of ruby:
Arthasastra [an ancient Sanskrit book] knows the following names: saugandhika (lotus-coloured), padmaraga (the same)… G.Y. Wojtilla (1973)
Ever look at a lotus? I've stuffed my snout into blossoms all the way from Bangkok to Badulla and have come up with only one conclusion – they are far more pink than orange. Indeed, in ancient times padma raga was a sub-variety of ruby.
While virtually every writer on the subject makes the lotus comparison, certain others also add the concept of fire or sunset, almost an aurora (sunrise) red-orange. Here is an early definition from the Indian subcontinent, dating from about 1200–1300 AD:
Varieties of Ruby
That which spreads its rays like the sun, is glossy, soft to the touch (komala?), resembling the fire, like molten gold and not worn off is paümaraya [padmaraga]. Sarma, 1984
Thakkura Pheru's Rayanaparikkha –A Medieval Prakit text on Gemmology
Molten gold? That sounds nothing like a lotus color. Even today in Sri Lanka there is no agreement. Some use the term to describe stones more pink than orange, while others compare the color as a lotus flower married to a Sri Lankan sunset. Witness the following from 1855:
The Topaz (puspa raga, Singhalese) claims notice next. There are two varieties of it: the "ratu puspa raga" and "kaha puspa raga." The former is of a bright yellow color, with a reddish tinge and is the more valued. The latter is pure bright yellow. The first variety is scarce, and the second is comparatively plentiful. The topaz and the sapphire seem to be species of the same stone differing only in color – it is not unfrequent to find a piece of stone partly yellow and partly blue. This stone is not much sought after by Europeans, but it is prized among the Singhalese. It is said to sell well at the Presidencies of India and in Arabia. J.F. Stewart, Gems and Gem Searching in Saffragam
Ceylon Observer, June 11, 1855 (from Ferguson, 1888)
Moving to a more recent reference from Sri Lanka, we have:
A sapphire of orange-red or pink colour, is locally referred to as padmaraga (padma – lotus flower; raga – colour). Many scholars call this variety padmarascha, which is a misnomer. The term raga means colour, attraction, desire, musical rhythm and pollen; therefore, the name for the lotus-flower coloured corundum should be padmaraga, and not padmarascha. However, lotus flowers are also found in white, but in this instance the colour referred to is the orange-red or pink lotus flower, growing in Shri Lanka.There is also the yellow sapphire of Shri Lanka, commonly called pushparaga in Singhalese. The term pushpa means flower; as raga is colour and also means pollen, hence pushparaga is the "colour of pollen." Although pollen can be brownish yellow or yellow in colour, the Shri Lankan gem trade from ancient times to the present, has always referred to pushparaga as a yellow variety of corundum.
The important words to consider in the latter example are flower, colour and pollen, in the origin of the name, pushparaga. However, in both examples of padmaraga and pushparaga, the term raga refers to the colour. Therefore, the word padmaraga also confirms that the correct term for the orange-red or pink sapphire should be accepted as padmaraga and not padmarascha.
D.H. Ariyaratna, 1993
Yet still another recent reference from Sri Lanka:
The term pathmaraga is a Singhalese term applied to a very special colour variety of corundum, so named after the lotus flower as its colour is sometimes akin to a variety of this flower…. The colour combination produces the rare and beautiful colour of a sunset red at its best as seen across a tropical sky.… The colour of pathmaraga is apparently a combination of yellow, pink and red, with mildly conspicuous flashes of orange. Gunaratne and Dissanayake, 1995
And if one reads the Western gem literature, we find that padparadscha is sometimes different again, often being used to describe stones that are more Sunkist than anything else. Indeed, what some hold out to be the mother of all pads, the 100.18-ct. stone in the Morgan collection at New York's American Museum of Natural History is, to put it politely, pink-challenged.
I think readers by now are getting the picture – this is one poorly understood word, with no general agreement as to its meaning. Even our word – padparadscha – adopted from a German gem text early in the 20th century – is a corruption. Which should probably make all of us feel good, since the whole process of defining this thing has the word "bastard" written all over it.
Location, locotion, loco? One problem with names like padparadscha is that they are intrinsically associated with the localities where they were first found. When a rhododendron-colored garnet was first discovered in North Carolina, G.F. Kunz, who was well aware of the marketing value of an attractive name, dubbed it rhodolite. Upon finding that garnets of similar color could be found in other locales ('rhodolite'-like garnets had been mined for over two millennia in Sri Lanka), gemologists attempted to "prove" that true rhodolites were unique and locality-specific, even going so far as to identify the rhodolite variety not just by color, but by refractive index. This led to the ridiculous situation where garnets of identical color and composition were labeled differently. One point too high or low on the RI meant a gem would not be awarded the coveted rhodolite title, but shot at dawn as a lowly almandine or pyrope spy. Locality is not a practical way of defining gem varieties. Even if it were possible to determine, it becomes meaningless when a new source is discovered that produces similar qualities. Quite frankly, the best "padparadscha" this author has ever seen was unearthed in Vietnam, not Sri Lanka. And if we need further evidence, the discovery of Cu-bearing "Paraíba" tourmalines in Nigeria and Mozambique should put the question to rest once and for all. |
Kiss the frog
It seems logical that, should the gem trade decide the name padparadscha is worth keeping, it should define the accepted color range. A gem could then be compared to a set of color references to see if it merited the princely padparadscha kiss.
The AGTA Lab did just this. They took a variety of stones that dealers suggested met the criteria of padparadscha and scientifically defined the color range using an imaging spectrophotometer.
Unfortunately, the results of that attempt almost entirely excluded the stones produced from Tanzania's Umba Valley, changing the temperature of one dealer holding said goods from well-beyond the padparadscha to a flame color any gemologist would clearly agree was pure ruby country.
Most dealers and gemologists feel that the Umba stones do not qualify because of their overly dark tones and strong brown ('garnety') component. But what about the spectacular "aurora" red-orange stones from Vietnam and Madagascar, colors which, to this Philistine's eye, wee-wee all over any pad ever out of Lanka? Certainly ain't no brown in those babies.
Although I have not personally examined the AGTA data, from what I understand in my discussions with the relevant authorities, the definition excludes oranges of high saturation and/or dark tone, mainly because Sri Lanka has traditionally never produced such colors. In other words, when it comes to getting pad papers, think P – as in past and pastel.
Pad vs. Pink
So what exactly is a padparadscha and how does it differ from our pink sapphire? Good question. We can see that padma raga was originally applied to a lotus-colored ruby, but for some that might even include a ratu puspa raga (a reddish yellow sapphire). And what of the padma raga – which in ancient times was also said to refer to a pink ruby? Well duh – we call those pink sapphires.
Hope that clears the whole thing up. Now I'm getting back to my prayers – praying for world peace, to be sure – but most importantly, praying that the Sri Lankans never unearth anything like the stones from Vietnam or Madagascar.
If we only had a word…
What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet. William Shakespeare
In this humble scribe's opinion, there exist two ideas that deserve to be eternally banished. First, the use of the phrase "improved stability" with any software upgrade. And second, the idea that a single word will somehow protect the gem-buying public.
Most gem varieties encompass a broad range, including both highbrow and low. Sapphire alone takes under her wing everything from powder blues through indigo to dark, inky stones where hue is all but MIA. We the-gem-buying-traders and they-the-gem-buying-public have no problem with such variety descriptions. Why should we?
Think about it. When was the last time you awoke shaking at night at the thought of innocents being led down the primrose path of an overly dark blue or – worse still – a yellow of poor saturation? We do not have this problem with either blue or yellow sapphires because the broad nature of the variety definition forces us to do something we don't seem to like doing – use our eyes.
Dear, dear. Were we all promised blindfold judgment when we signed on in this business? I don't know about you, Martha, but not once did I believe that, after I mixed my blood with that of my fellow gem cultists, I could retire my eyes.
In this business, some words work, others don't. Words like blue work. Why? Because they are simple and based on hue position alone, not lightness/saturation. If it is blue, it is sapphire, and all sleep soundly at night.
Yet other words are the source of endless insomnia. Pink and padparadscha are two for trouble, largely because people attempt to use them to describe poorly understood color and quality attributes (lightness/saturation), rather than simply hue position.
When I leave home to walk to school, Dad always says to me… "Marco, keep your eyelids up and see what you can see." Dr. Seuss
Okay, I know what you're thinking. He's finally lost it – the silly bugger's now reduced to citing Dr. Seuss.
But stay with me here people…
I see just fine. Really. I see the past – the dozens of meetings where the best minds of my generation have dissected definitions like padparadscha and pink sapphire with the religious fervor of pinhead priests and their prancing angels. All to no avail. And I see the future – all of us starving – hysterical – naked – doing exactly the same. Unless we relearn that most basic lesson – how to use our eyes.
On my shelf I keep a hundred books on truth, my neighbor that times three. Each one different. How can that be? Because we listened to our fathers. We keep our eyelids up. We see what we can see.
The author would like to thank Pala International's William Larson for forcing the author to increase the size of his reptilian worldview.
About the author
Richard W. Hughes is one of the world's foremost experts on ruby and sapphire. The author of several books and over 170 articles, his writings and photographs have appeared in a diverse range of publications, and he has received numerous industry awards. Co-winner of the 2004 Edward J. Gübelin Most Valuable Article Award from Gems & Gemology magazine, the following year he was awarded a Richard T. Liddicoat Journalism Award from the American Gem Society. In 2010, he received the Antonio C. Bonanno Award for Excellence in Gemology from the Accredited Gemologists Association. The Association Française de Gemmologie (AFG) in 2013 named Richard as one of the fifty most important figures that have shaped the history of gems since antiquity. In 2016, Richard was awarded a visiting professorship at Shanghai's Tongji University. 2017 saw the publication of Richard's Ruby & Sapphire: A Gemologist's Guide, arguably the most complete book ever published on a single gem species and the culmination of nearly four decades of work in gemology.
This article was first published in The GemGuide (2002), July/August, Vol. 21, Issue 4, Part 1, pp. 4–8.
- Ariyaratna, D.H. (1993) Gems of Shri Lanka. London, self published, 5th edition, 109 pp.
- Crowningshield, R. (1983) Padparadscha: What's in a name? Gems & Gemology, Vol. 19, pp. 30–36.
- Emanuel, H. (1873) Diamonds and Precious Stones. New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 2nd edition (1st ed., 1865), 266 pp.
- Ferguson, A.M. and Ferguson, J. (1888) All About Gold, Gems and Pearls in Ceylon and Southern India. Colombo, London, A.M. and J. Ferguson, 2nd edition, 428 pp.
- Gunaratne, H.S. and Dissanayake, C.B. (1995) Gems and Gem Deposits of Sri Lanka. Colombo, National Gem and Jewellery Authority of Sri Lanka, 1st ed., 203 pp.
- Kornerup, A. and Wanscher, J.H. (1978) Methuen Handbook of Colour. London, Eyre Methuen Ltd, 3rd edition, 252 pp.
- Philalethes, A.M. (1817) A History of Ceylon from the Earliest Period to the Year MDCCXV. London. The author is believed to have been the Rev. G. Bissett.
- Sarma, S.R. (1984) Thakkura Pheru's Rayanaparikkha: A Medieval Prakit text on Gemmology. Aligarh, India, Viveka Publications, 84 pp.
- Smith, G.F.H. (1913) Gem-Stones and their Distinctive Characters. London, Methuen & Co., 2nd edition (1st ed. 1912), 312 pp.
- Wojtilla, G.Y. (1973) Indian precious stones in the ancient East and West. Acta Orientalia Hungaricae, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 211–224.
See Also
- Hughes, R.W. (2012) The Ownership of Words: An essay on the meaning of padparadscha. Journal of the Gemmological Association of Hong Kong, Vol. 34, pp. 50–58.
Lotus Gemology's Padparadscha Sapphire Buying Guide By Richard W. Hughes Introduction/Name. Padparadscha sapphire is a special variety of gem corundum, featuring a delicate color that is a mixture of pink and orange – a marriage between ruby and yellow sapphire. The question of just what qualifies for the princely kiss of "padparadscha" is a matter of hot debate, even among experts. Today, padparadscha is narrowly defined by Western gemologists as a Sri Lankan sapphire of delicate pinkish orange color. But the original use of the term was somewhat different. Padparadscha is derived from the Sanskrit/Singhalese padmaraga, a color akin to the lotus flower (Nelumbo Nucifera 'Speciosa'). Most lotus blossoms are far more pink than orange, and in ancient times, padmaraga was described as a subvariety of ruby (cf. the Hindu Garuda Purana). Today, some define the gem's color as a blend of lotus and sunset. A further complication is with orange sapphires from Tanzania's Umba Valley. While they are orange, their color tends to be much darker than the ideal, with brownish overtones. Thus most traders do not feel they qualify as true padparadschas. Color. Unlike other rubies and sapphires, the finest color of padparadscha is not directly a function of color intensity (saturation). The most valuable padparadschas display a delicate mixture of pink and orange. Lighting. Incandescent lights, whose output is tilted towards the red end of the spectrum, highlight both the pink and orange in padparadscha. Clarity. In terms of clarity, padparadscha sapphires tend to be cleaner than ruby. Buyers should look for stones that are eye-clean, i.e., with no inclusions visible to the unaided eye. Because of the pastel shades of most padparadschas, any inclusions will be quite visible. Thus again, the emphasis is on eye-clean stones. Many padparadschas display color zoning, with bands of intense orange against a pink background. This is what provides the mixture. Cut. In the market, padparadschas are found in a variety of shapes and cutting styles. Due to the shape Sri Lankan rough, stones are often cut with overly deep pavilions. Ovals and cushions are the most common, but rounds are also seen, as are other shapes, such as the emerald cut. Slight premiums are paid for round stones. Cabochon-cut padparadschas are not often seen (this cut is used for star stones, or those not clean enough to facet). The best cabochons are reasonably transparent, with nice smooth domes of good symmetry. Prices. Padparadscha is one of the world's most expensive gems, with prices similar to those fetched by fine ruby or emerald. But like all gem materials, low-quality (i.e., non-gem quality) pieces may be available for a few dollars per carat. Such stones are generally not clean enough to facet. Prices for padparadschas vary greatly according to size and quality. At the top end, they may reach as much as US$50,000 per carat or more. Stone Sizes. Padparadscha sizes tend to be similar to ruby. Probably the largest fine stone known is the 100.18-ct. oval in New York's American Museum of Natural History. But any fine untreated padparadscha of quality above two carats is a rare stone. Fine untreated padparadschas above five carats can be considered world-class pieces. Phenomena. While star sapphires in other colors are common, star padparadschas are practically unknown. This is because yellow and orange sapphires from Sri Lanka generally lack the concentrations of well-defined silk necessary to produce distinct asterism. Sources. The original locality for padparadscha is Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and certain purists believe the term should be restricted only to stones from Ceylon. However, fine stones have also been found in Vietnam's Quy Chau district, Tanzania's Tunduru district, and Madagascar. Stones from these latter three areas are often heat-treated and may reach rich "orange-juice" or "papaya" oranges that are quite beautiful. Tanzania's Umba Valley also produces orange sapphires and some dealers argue that these qualify as padparadschas. However, their color tends to be much darker than the ideal, with brownish overtones. Thus most traders do not feel they qualify as true padparadschas. Enhancements. Today, many padparadscha sapphires are heat-treated to improve their appearance. The resulting stones are completely stable in color. In lower qualities, heat-treated stones sell for roughly the same as untreated stones of the same quality. However, for finer qualities, untreated stones may fetch a premium that is sometimes 50% or more when compared with treated stones of similar quality. A fraudulent treatment sometimes seen is where a pink sapphire is irradiated to give it a padparadscha color. The resulting color is unstable and will fade with prolonged exposure to sunlight. Other treatments, such as oiling and dying are seen on occasion. Beginning in late 2001, sapphires of padparadscha colors began appearing from the ovens of Thai burners. It was later found that these gems owe their color to a form of outside-in bulk ('lattice') diffusion with beryllium. See this link for more on these stones. As with all precious stones, it is a good practice to have any major purchases tested by a reputable gem lab, such as Lotus Gemology, to determine if a gem is enhanced. Imitations. Synthetic sapphires have been produced by the Verneuil process since about 1908 and cost just pennies per carat. Colors include some in the padparadscha range. Synthetic sapphires have also been produced by the flux, hydrothermal, floating zone and Czochralski processes, but such stones are rarely encountered. Doublets consisting of natural sapphire crowns and synthetic sapphire pavilions are sometimes seen, particularly in mining areas. Synthetics are also common at the mines, in both rough and cut forms. Properties of Padparadscha Sapphire


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Where is Twilio heading over the next few years?
Most people know Twilio as a messaging company that facilitates nearly any type of communication from video to voice to text, all through a simple set of APIs. We've already helped millions of developers build a platform to send messages from their app, website, or server.
Our path forward is about helping more developers and businesses around the world, and delivering new tools to manage first-party data on our Customer Data Platform (CDP). It's about helping companies create a smarter communication platform while ensuring developer success.
Why will third-party data become less relevant?
Third-party data compliance and regulations are shifting toward higher levels of privacy and control for consumers around the world. It's a big transition as consumers have more control over what companies do with their online data. Compliance and regulation are also driving changes in the relationship between the consumer and company, as cookies and web tracking tools will become less and less relevant.
As a result, internet companies are moving to a world of tracking, managing, and transforming data directly from their customers, not browsers, which is where first-party data will come into play. Twilio is well positioned to help them do this while maintaining the highest level of compliance. Our products help businesses maintain a direct relationship with their customers, leading to more transparent and reliable insights.
Is that why you believe 2022 is the year of the Customer Data Platform?
Yes, over 43% of business leaders are now embracing first-party data because it's better for customer privacy. That wasn't the case as of even two years ago, but 2022 massively accelerated the trend as a result of compliance and regulatory changes.
Our path forward is about helping more developers and businesses around the world, and delivering new tools to manage first-party data on our Customer Data Platform (CDP). It's about helping companies create a smarter communication platform while ensuring developer success.
What are other surprising or unique ways customers are approaching their customer engagement strategy?
I meet with customers and developers as much as I can, and the level of customisation they're building on top of Twilio is amazing. Take Vacasa, a holiday rental platform, which is using Twilio to create different messaging strategies for guests. Using our APIs, Vacasa was able to better understand how customers journey through its website, and build datasets that inform marketing decisions and spending. From there, they built personalised communication channels to boost booking conversion and grow their revenue.
How much of your role is focused on monitoring the existing products versus preparing new iterations or launches?
We have a great portfolio of existing products, but we're constantly building and testing new ideas. My goal is to innovate through rapid experimentation, which is how we launched Twilio Frontline, Twilio Flex, and most recently Twilio Engage. We're pretty excited about how Twilio Engage uniquely puts the power of a native customer data platform and omnichannel together in one marketing solution, to deliver data-driven personalised experiences. We take pride in a building mentality across the company, another reason why we do our best to ensure Twilio developers can move at high velocity with the best tools at their disposal.
How are you optimising your teams and developers for innovation?
I've learned over the years to make things easy and to automate as much as possible. When you're at a company with infrastructure at the scale of Twilio, this principle becomes even more important. That's why we measure the quality of code we produce as well as the velocity of code to production for every product. I review these measures of success personally to ensure we're heading in the right direction.
How do payments and online commerce relate to your overall product strategy?
When Twilio was founded in 2008, customers and developers were using Twilio's infrastructure and needed a way to accept payments on top of what they built, be it apps or web experiences. At that time, there was a lot of complexity and friction, and we were also rapidly expanding into many countries and regions. Turning to Stripe was the best decision for Twilio, as we were able to quickly and easily integrate payments into pretty much all of Twilio's products. It's played really well for our customers.
We've seen a substantial increase in our revenue as a result of switching to Stripe as well. Stripe helps us detect issues quickly, and reduce payment declines among Twilio customers or developers.
Stripe helps us detect issues quickly, and reduce payment declines among Twilio customers or developers.
Some leaders might view payments as a cost centre. Why do you see it as an advantage for Twilio?
One is global expansion – we are seeing substantial growth internationally in all of our core products. We needed a payments solution that offered local availability and low latency for Twilio customers. Second, having the right payment provider allows us to reduce issuer declines and maximise our revenue. Stripe has increased our authorisation rates by 10% around the world. Lastly, Stripe gives us access to card networks and makes it easier for our customers and developers to onboard payments seamlessly.
How do you think the partnership with Stripe is helpful as we head into an economic slowdown?
Stripe allows us to focus on things that can grow Twilio's business in a downturn, allows us to focus on the customer, and removes the complexity of managing payments infrastructure. While I'm an optimist about technology, the economy, and the world, we're always looking for ways to automate and increase efficiency. Stripe helps us build the best customer engagement platform possible.
How do you see the partnership between Twilio and Stripe evolving?
It's really only the beginning. There are so many use cases, from ordering food on your favourite app, scheduling a doctor's appointment, or receiving a discount marketing message, that Twilio and Stripe are powering. Our partnership allows us to support a substantial number of people, every day.
As Twilio continues to expand around the world, Stripe helps us navigate local regulation and empower innovation in areas such as currency conversion, billing, sales support, and regional expansion. Our partnership is helping deliver a smooth experience to our developers to get more done in minutes, not days.
Stripe helps us build the best customer engagement platform possible.


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Who is The Lodge-group?
The Lodge-group stands for stylish, contemporary stays in historic homes with often, an attached brasserie. A formula for success, because the group currently consists of 8 brasseries, 9 hotels and 5 party locations located mainly in Limburg and Flemish Brabant.
The idea is very simple: a home (away) from home where conviviality prevails. This relaxed character dominates in The Lodge brasseries and hotels where individuality and hospitality are the priority. Not cool, trendy design, but tasteful and warm-hearted with respect for the building's character.


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A 9-year-old child accused of causing a mobile home fire that killed three children and two adults in central Illinois has been charged with five counts of first-degree murder.
The juvenile also was charged with two counts of arson and one count of aggravated arson.
"You know, would he? I don't know if he understands what he's really done," neighbor Liza Munoz said. "Do you know what I mean? Can you imagine? And a child doing that?"
The April 6 fire killed a 1-year-old, two 2-year-olds, a 34-year-old man and a 69-year-old woman at the Timberline Mobile Home Park near the village of Goodfield, about 150 miles southwest of Chicago.
Woodford County Coroner Tim Ruestman said the fire was started intentionally.
No child as young as this one has been accused in a mass killing since at least 2006, according to a mass murder database that tracks all U.S. homicides since then in which four or more people were killed, not including the offender, over a period of 24 hours, regardless of weapon, location, victim-offender relationship or motive.
"I think that he should be followed well into his 30s or 40s," Munoz said. "You know, he should be on probation for a long time for this. It shouldn't just be until he's 18."


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The Louisville Committee on Foreign Relations is very pleased to host Dr. Dana Burde as our April speaker. Dr. Burde, associate professor of international education at New York University's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development and Affiliated Faculty of the Wilf Family Department of Politics, won for her 2014 book Schools for Conflict or for Peace in Afghanistan (Columbia University Press), which analyzes the relationship between education and conflict and traces how politically biased education programs implemented inconsistently across communities increase the likelihood of violence.
"I argue that instead of preventing conflict, U.S. aid to education in Afghanistan contributed to it—deliberately in the 1980s, with violence-infused, anti-Soviet curricula, and inadvertently in the 2000s, with misguided stabilization programs," Burde wrote. "In both of these phases, education aid was subordinated to the political goals of strong states and used as a strategic tool—a situation made possible in part by humanitarians' tendency to neglect education's role in conflict."
Burde also shows how U.S. aid to education can support peace. Drawing on extensive research on the impact of U.S.-funded community-based education programs, she makes a case for a sounder understanding of the role of education in state-building and recommends contributing to sustainable peace through expanded access to community-based education with neutral, quality curriculum. Adopting a long-term perspective, Burde's work is path-breaking in stressing the importance of education in conflict and counterinsurgency situations. Burde proposes specific policies, including curriculum reform and gender equality, that can have a positive effect on societies torn by conflict.
Burde's book was grounded in eight years of field research in Afghanistan and Pakistan and backed by two decades of work on education in countries affected by conflict. As an international aid worker, she formerly lived or worked in countries including Armenia, Bosnia, Chile, Ecuador, Guatemala, Haiti and Mali. She also works with NYU's Wagner Graduate School of Public Service, NYU Abu Dhabi and Columbia University's Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies.
Dr. Burde received her PhD in Comparative Education and Political Science from Columbia University, MA in Education Administration/International Education from Harvard, and BA in English Literature from Oberlin College.


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Top Disclaimer:
All of the information contained on this page regarding the detainment in South Florida (Palm Beach County) of
BERNARD EDWARD POWELL is being done in accordance with all applicable statutes in the State of Florida and in
the United States.
Florida has long maintained a position that records filed by government workers and agencies, such as the
Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office, should be accessible to the general public.
That is why you are seeing a booking photograph and/or police report about BERNARD EDWARD POWELL on this page.
Section Four of Article I of the Florida Constitution which was ratified in 1968, permits the free exercise of speech and expression by all.
Specifically, Section 4 reads in relevant part: "Freedom of speech and press. - Every person may
speak, write and publish sentiments on all subjects but shall be responsible for the abuse
of that right. No law shall be passed to restrain or abridge the liberty of speech or of the press."
Accordingly, this report regarding the detainment in Palm Beach County, Fla., of BERNARD EDWARD POWELL is permissible by both
Florida law and federal (U.S.) law.
Please do not contact our office for bond information or for an update on the status of BERNARD EDWARD POWELL as we are not affiliated
with any courthouse or sheriff's office. We are an independently owned and operated media company.
Name Of Suspect:
Publication Date:
06/09/2023 10:33
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Date Of Birth (DOB):
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The content published on this page regarding BERNARD EDWARD POWELL
is intended solely for informational purposes and should not be used in violation of any local, state, or federal law.
PBB does its best to ensure the accuracy of the names, dates, locations, and charges contained herein but does not guarantee that accuracy.
To verify the information on this page, we encourage you to visit the official website for Palm Beach County, which allows access to the public to all manner
of public records, including civil and criminal court cases, real estate transactions and tax bills, and the like.
We are not affiliated in any way, nor have we ever been affiliated whatsoever, with Palm Beach County, the State of Florida, the Palm Beach Sheriff's Office, or any local or federal criminal justice agency.
The inclusion of BERNARD EDWARD POWELL on this page is indicative only that the PBC Sheriff is reporting that it detained BERNARD EDWARD POWELL.
It is not evidence that a crime was committed. Everyone whose name and likeness appears herein is entitled to a speedy trial on the charges on which they were
detained. That trial just like this report will be open to the public in the interest of fair and transparent governance.


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St. Georges, Grenada Self-Guided Walking Tour + Map
The sightseeing guides below show you the best attractions of St. Georges, Grenada. You can also create your own self-guided walks to explore St. Georges on foot, at your own pace.
How it works: Download the app "GPSmyCity: Walks in 1K+ Cities" from Apple App Store or Google Play Store to your mobile phone or tablet. With the help of the easy-to-use interface of the app you can create self-guided walks to explore St. Georges single-handedly. Each such walk comes with a detailed route map and GPS navigation to guide you from one tour stop to next. The app works offline, so no data plan is needed when traveling abroad.
Custom Walk: Create Your Own Walking Tour
Sightseeing Walk: St. Georges Introduction Walking Tour
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1" Aluminum screw posts are a good choice for binding your product catalogs. They hold the pages securely, yet they can easily be opened to insert or remove pages. Use your choice of covers to enhance the appearance of your documents. You can use a folded cover to hide the screw post heads if you wish.
Of course you can bind any document that you wish, including those that are too thick for most other binding systems. In fact, our 1" screw posts can be used to assemble just about any material that you can drill or punch a 1/4" diameter hole through. Just push the post through the hole, thread the screw into the post and finger tighten. Your materials are now securely fastened!
If necessary, aluminum screw post extensions can be added to the standard aluminum screw posts to achieve a better fit.
We sell screws and posts together so that you you don't have to worry about matching the correct parts.
If you would like to have a different appearance, try our plastic screw posts. If you need greater strength to hold large or heavy materials, please consider our steel screw posts.


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Farmstead cheese operations–Morningland Dairy of Mountain View, Missouri and Estrella Family Creamery of Montesano, Washington–face upcoming legal battles which could result in court orders for each dairy to destroy its entire cheese inventory for allegedly being adulterated. The FDA is now taking aim at raw cheese producers and has created a climate of fear among those who make farmstead cheese for a living. The agencys longterm goal is to eliminate access to raw dairy products. Read "FDA's Ace in the Hole" at www.farmtoconsumer.org/ace,
On October 22 the Missouri State Milk Board, through the Missouri Attorney General's office, petitioned the Circuit Court of Howell County to obtain a court order requiring Morningland to destroy 50,000 pounds of cheese (market value of about $250,000) located at Morningland's cheesemaking facility because samples of Morningland Dairy cheese have tested positive for Listeria monocytogenes [L. mono is widespread in the environment and many subtypes of this bacteria have not been implicated in human illness] and Staphyloccocus aureus [Staph. aureus is present normally on everybody's skin and is considered protective. Most subtypes of this organism do not produce the toxin which can occasionally cause vomiting. Gastrointestinal illness from Staph aureus is self limiting-meaning medical treatment is not necessary].
On October 21 the United States Marshall Service executed a seizure order issued by a federal district court against the entire inventory of raw cheese located at the Estrella Family Creamery (EFC); FDA is attempting to get the dairy's cheese inventory destroyed because cheese samples and environmental swabs taken at the EFC facility tested positive for L. mono. Under federal law EFC has thirty days to make a claim on the seized cheese which owners, Anthony and Kelli Estrella, are in the process of doing. If the court with jurisdiction over their case rejects the claim, then their cheese will be destroyed.
In neither the Morningland case nor the Estrella case has there been any reported illness from the consumption of cheese. In fact, there has not been any case of illness attributed to Morningland products in the thirty years it has been in business nor has there been any illness attributed to Estrella products in its seven years of operation. Joe and Denise Dixon, owners of Morningland, have developed a loyal following and sell to hundreds of retail stores across the country as well as direct to consumers through their mail order business. Anthony and Kelli Estrella have won numerous awards domestically and internationally for the quality of the cheese they produce.
What is unjust about the actions taken against Morningland and Estrella is that there has not been an adequate level of proof shown to establish that the bacteria found in the cheese and the environment are actually harmful to human health. There are many subtypes of L. mono (and Staph. aureus); as mentioned above, many of these subtypes have not been found to cause illness in humans. The agencies have the capability to determine the subtype of a pathogen found and whether that particular subtype is on record as having caused human illness; if the subtype has not, then there is no adulteration and no need to destroy the product.
Neither the FDA nor Milk Board, which is working at the direction of FDA, has conducted any testing to determine the subtype. Once the agencies had the initial positive tests, they should have done subsequent testing for the subtype. Even if the subtype is known to cause illness in humans, it still needs to be determined whether the amount of bacteria in the food is enough to actually do so. FDA has a zero tolerance policy for L. mono, a standard widely rejected by the scientific community throughout the world. The zero tolerance policy, in fact, reduces the incentive to test for L. mono.
What stands to happen now is that the dairies could be forced to destroy hundreds of thousands of dollars in product that are no threat to the public health. Morningland and Estrella have suffered significant financial losses as it already is; neither has produced any cheese in the last two months. The destruction orders from the courts would further cripple their businesses, if not entirely shutting them down.
Both the Dixons and the Estrellas are fighting government attempts to destroy their cheese while currently earning little or no income from their farming operations. In addition to the money needed to pay for living and farming expenses there will be significant court costs incurred to overturn the destruction and seizure orders. The outcome of the Morningland and Estrella cases will have an impact on freedom of food choice in this country.
Your help is needed. For those wanting to contribute money towards this fight, donation pages have been set up for each dairy:
For Morningland Dairy, donate at http://pledgie.com/campaigns/13790. To learn more, go to http://uncheeseparty.wordpress.com/
For Estrella Family Creamery, donate at http://pledgie.com/campaigns/13917. To learn more, go to
BACKGROUND – Morningland Dairy
Morningland Dairy cheese was seized by both FDA and CDFA in the June 30 raid on the Rawesome food store in Venice. In August CDFA informed the Missouri State Milk Board that samples of Morningland cheese had tested positive for L. mono and Staph. aureus. The evidence is that the procedures the agency used in taking the cheese from Rawesome and recording the test results were sloppy at best. On August 26 the Milk Board issued Morningland orders not to ship any cheese at the facility and to cease all production.
On August 27 Morningland sent cheese samples off for testing. Unfortunately, like in California, proper protocols were not followed in taking the samples. A number of the samples came back positive for L. mono and Staph. aureus.
On August 31 Morningland issued a voluntary recall asking their customers to either destroy or return over 60,000 pounds of cheese produced from January 1, 2010 onward. On August 27 FDA sent out a press release as a voluntary recall by Morningland when the Dixons had not yet decided whether to issue a recall. From August 30 through September 1, FDA conducted an inspection of the Morningland facility taking one hundred environmental swabs, all of which tested negative for pathogens.
On September 24 the Milk Board verbally requested that Morningland destroy the entire cheese inventory; the Dixons asked that the request be put in writing, which was done on October 1. Morningland responded by objecting to the destruction order and proposing that each batch at the facility be tested, allowing the sale of only those batches of cheese testing negative for contamination. The next day, the Milk Board rejected the Dixons' proposal, petitioning the Howell County Court to order that the product be destroyed. The hearing was scheduled for October 8, giving the Dixons almost no time to prepare a defense and was only cancelled when a scheduled state witness was not able to attend. On October 22 the Milk Board again filed a petition for a condemnation order that is currently before the Howell County Court.
BACKGROUND – Estrella Family Creamery
In February, the Estrella's received a call from the Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) informing them that a wheel of Estrella cheese purchased at a retail outlet tested positive for L. mono. After a follow-up visit to the Estrella facility by WSDA inspectors turned up more positive results for L. mono in sampled cheeses and in the environment, Estrella issued a voluntary recall for several different cheeses as well as throwing out thousands of dollars in cheese inventory. They then took about a month off from making cheese to work on a physical upgrade to the facility. After the dairy resumed production, WSDA returned to the facility and took thirty environmental swabs with one of them testing positive for L. mono. The inspectors were not concerned about the positive test, telling the Estrellas, "Listeria is everywhere, you will never totally eradicate it but you have to control it."
From the time Estrella reopened until August, no cheese, produced post-recall, tested positive for any pathogen. Then FDA stepped into the picture; on August 2, FDA officials showed up to conduct a three-day inspection. They took 151 environmental swabs, four of which tested positive for L. mono (including one on a ceiling switch far from any cheese and another outside the cheese room on a slider door track). After the inspection, the FDA inspectors discussed the results with the Estrellas; they did not indicate that the swabbing or inspection results were unacceptable nor did they use language describing the facility as filthy or unsanitary. They only suggested some minor changes to be made in the facility's operation.
During a subsequent visit on August 16, an FDA investigator collected a sample of cheese that was also found to be positive for L. mono. The sample came from Cave 3 (Estrella has four cheese caves) which was the area where the dairy had the most problems in February. FDA claimed their testing showed that the strain of L. mono found in February at the facility and the strain found in the testing conducted there in August were indistinguishable". On August 30 Estrella took cheese samples for testing, four of which came back positive for L. mono; all four were from Cave 3. On September 3 the agency requested that Estrella recall all cheese products. The Estrellas declined the request; however, the company destroyed all cheese located in Cave 3.
On September 4, FDA issued a press release advising consumers that "consumption of all Estrella Creamery cheeses put them at risk for L. mono related illnesses." On October 21 the U.S. Marshall executed the seizure order covering all the cheese inventory at the Estrella facility; the order was issued on the grounds that the cheese was adulterated since it had "been prepared, packed, and held under unsanitary conditions whereby they may have become contaminated with filth or whereby they may have been rendered injurious to health" in violation of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. As much as 80% of the "seized" inventory consisted of long-aged cheeses, such as gruyere and cheddar, that do not support the growth of L. mono. None of these long-aged cheeses at the facility had ever tested positive for L. mono.
Again, in neither the Morningland nor the Estrella case had any of the positive samples for L. mono been tested to determine whether they were of a subtype that had actually caused illness in humans; the same goes for the Morningland positive samples for Staph. aureus. Under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, if a food contains a subtype of L. mono (or of any other pathogen) that is not found to have been harmful to human health, then the food is not "adulterated"; if the subtype of L. mono found in an environmental swab is one that has not been shown to cause illness in humans, then there should be no finding of adulteration. If their cheese can be destroyed just on the basis of an initial positive test for L. mono, then the Dixons and Estrellas are being denied due process.
For small food producers, one recall or destruction order can put them out of business. Due process of law needs to be upheld to protect producer from the reign of terror FDA is waging against farmstead cheese operations; otherwise, FDA will continue to go unchecked after raw dairy producers who have harmed no one with their products–working toward the agency's eventual goal of eliminating access to raw dairy.
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New ball introduced this weekend across the Football League.
Mitre, the Official Ball Supplier of The Football League, have launched the new hi-visibility match-ball which will be used across The Football League from this weekend.The Delta V12 Fluo is the hi-visibility version of the most advanced FIFA approved quality match ball ever made. The fluo yellow colour is scientifically proven to deliver speedier player reaction times in poor visibility. The combination of 12 panels and textured grain surface keeps the ball stable at over 70mph.
Matches in the Sky Bet Championship, Sky Bet League 1 and Sky Bet League 2 will use the state of the art new Mitre footballs from this weekend, up until the end of February. The ball will also be used in the Johnstone's Paint Trophy for the Area Quarter Finals, Area Semi-Finals and Area Finals.
Football League fans can check out the full Mitre Fluo and V12 ranges here.


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29 June 2021 · Driving Hints & Tips
As a truck driver, you need to retain a lot of industry knowledge. Information about your truck and its various features, and knowledge of road rules, both state and federal. Yet some of these rules can leave you scratching your head.
While Australia is home to many weird and wonderful things, like Vegemite, all things 'big' (Big Banana, Big Prawn, Big Pineapple, etc…), and the Platypus, you wouldn't think unusual road rules would be on the list. But here we are.
So, let's take a look at the seven least known Aussie road rules.
A horse is a horse of course!
If you're driving through QLD, failing to give way to a 'restive horse' is…you guessed it…illegal. What's a restive horse? According to our extensive search, it's a horse that's "refusing to advance, stubbornly standing still or moving backward or sideways" (similar behaviour to a toddler). If you come across one on a QLD road, pull as far as you can to the left, turn off your truck, and wait. Once it settles, you're free to go.
Life in the slow lane
When it comes to speed, staying within the speed limit is always advised. However, did you know you could be fined for driving abnormally slow? For example, if you are doing 20kmh in an 80kmh zone in Australia, you are seen as obstructing other motorists and pedestrians, and could be hit with a $125 fine plus a $60 Victims of Crime levy. Ouch!
Potato, po-tah-toe
Driving through WA on a simple road trip, while hauling more than 50kgs of potatoes in the boot, could land you a hefty fine. A first offence is $2,000, and if you didn't learn from that experience, it's $5,000 for a 2nd offence. While we all love a good spud (mainly the thinly sliced and deep-fried variety), hauling large quantities through WA might not be a good idea.
Fast and the infuriating
A frustration for many Aussie drivers are motorists who speed up when being overtaken. You may not know this, but doing so could land you a whopping fine, especially in VIC. If you're caught speeding up while being overtaken in NSW, you'll be fined $298 and lose 3 demerit points. QLD is a little more lenient with an $80 fine and loss of 2 demerit points, while VIC takes the cake with a $322 fine and 2 demerit points.
Lock it up, Eddie!
Locking your vehicle is important, but in NSW it's mandatory. Did you know it's illegal to be more than 3 metres from your unlocked vehicle in NSW? You do now. If caught, you could end up with a $112 fine. So, when you're next at the servo and jump out of your truck to pay for fuel, or chat to a mate, make sure you lock-up.
Some drivers claim it's difficult to do a proper head check while reverse parking, especially when wearing a seat belt. But can you legally remove it to perform the manoeuvre? You can in NSW! Unless you're a learner, removing your seatbelt to reverse park is completely legal.
Dial it down
We all love driving to music. But did you know 'emitting an offensive noise from a stereo' may cost you cash? No matter if it's Bob Dylan, Marylin Manson, or the rock classic 'Highway to Hell', blasting your favourite artist on NSW roads could cost you a tidy $150.
So, there you have it, the 7 least known Aussie road rules.
Feel like brushing-up on some of your state's more relevant rules? Below you'll find links to various states' demerits and offences pages to help you out.
Be safe.
VIC: https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/licences/demerit-points-and-offences
NSW: https://roads-waterways.transport.nsw.gov.au/roads/demerits-offences/index.html
QLD: https://www.qld.gov.au/transport/safety/fines/demerit/points
NT: https://nt.gov.au/driving/driving-offences-and-penalties/traffic-offences-and-penalties
WA: https://www.transport.wa.gov.au/licensing/driver-rules-penalties-infringements.asp
ACT: https://www.accesscanberra.act.gov.au/app/answers/detail/a_id/2934/~/demerit-points0
SA: https://www.sa.gov.au/topics/driving-and-transport/offences/driving-laws-offences-and-penalties
TAS: https://www.transport.tas.gov.au/licensing/demerits_and_offences/find_a_traffic_offence/lister_full


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Suppose there is some function with the property
f[x,y] f[y,x^2] / f[x^3,y] == f[2x,y]
How can I simplify an arbitrary expression that contains the lhs of the above equation in a somewhat obscured way? Say as in
a f[x^3,y] b / (c f[y,x^2] d f[x,y] e)
I tried Simplify with TransformationFunctions but I only seem to be able to replace the three f when they're literally next to each other in the syntax tree. Any ideas on how to proceed?


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Posts Tagged 'i got in trouble because of my blog'
quashing participation
July 21st, 2011 • 6 comments library
Tags: administration, angry, annette de faveri, australia, beth davies, blog, bureaucracy, communications, community, community-led libraries, courses, danah boyd, disciplinary hearing, i got in trouble because of my blog, koha, libr559m, libr579b, module 2, offline, online, opac, participation, school, social media, twitter
Information professionals should be using social media if they care about the rest of the world. I mean, I'm a fan of cataloguing in a cave, but engaging with your community is important. Even if you're the most locally focused librarian ever in a community where none of your users give a shit about Twitter it's important to be using it to pull in information and to show off the knowledge being created in your community.
One thing we learned in our Community-Led libraries course with Beth Davies and Annette de Faveri was the importance of not coming into a space with an agenda. Not showing up and saying "Here are some awesome things the library can do for you!" but hanging out and asking what is happening with them, letting the community lead the library. That takes a long time. I think participating online requires a bit more push than that, because if you're just hanging out as a library, not talking on Twitter, you're invisible (in a way you aren't when you're sitting in a halfway house with a box of donuts).
I also think the idea of a limit to our participation in social media is stupid. I mean, sure, posting pictures of patrons on Facebook without their permission is a bit sketchy. But stopping information professionals from being part of the world just because of who their employers are is bullshit.
A story from work: A library in Northern Australia was making use of some of Koha's features to integrate a blog onto the front page of the OPAC. The library staff were creating this information to participate in the wider world and were really proud of it. And then their Communications Department found out and shut it down. Not because of something bad that happened but because of stupid bureaucratic power disputes that said librarians aren't authorized to create publications. That story makes me incredibly angry. To have participation curtailed by the communications department who wanted more control over messaging is kind of terrible.
Part of my visceral reaction to that story has to do with my personal history working at a public library that had a regressive attitude towards people talking about things online. I was disciplined for blogging about work on my personal time. The disciplinary hearing involved the director of our library telling me I was not fit to be a librarian and shouldn't go to library school because of my disrespectful attitude. This experience led to my disclaimer/explanation page you can see linked to on my library blog's of Opinions & Assholes page, and you can read some of my other ruminations about privacy and the like when that former library actually created a social media policy because of me. That link includes a response to a danah boyd article.