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An article looking at Liberal Judaism, including information about the ideas and philosophies of Liberal Jews, worship, customs and identity.
British Broadcasting CorporationHome
Last updated 2009-08-12
An article looking at Liberal Judaism, including information about the ideas and philosophies of Liberal Jews, worship, customs and identity.
Liberal Judaism, as the name suggests, is a progressive form of Judaism that aims to bring Judaism and modernity together.
To use the movement's own words:
Liberal Judaism is the growing edge of Judaism. It reverences Jewish tradition, and seeks to preserve all that is good in the Judaism of the past. But it lives in the present. . . It is the Judaism of the past in process of becoming the Judaism of the future.
Liberal Jews apply Judaism's religious and cultural tradition in the framework of modern thinking and morality. They seek to live according to the prophetic ideal - to do justice, love kindness and to walk humbly with God.
In beliefs and practice Liberal Judaism is more radical than UK Reform Judaism, and has much in common with American Reform Judaism.
The movement has a strong intellectual tradition, and believes that Jewish texts should be reinterpreted in the light of modern scholarship and Jewish laws reassessed by their practical suitability to contemporary conditions.
So, for example, there is no obligation to obey Jewish dietary laws, but one can do so if it helps one's internal feeling of 'Jewishness' to do so.
This is typical of the Liberal belief that each individual should be encouraged to make their own decisions within the Jewish framework (and taking a questioning attitude to that framework), as opposed to the strict obedience to law that characterises Orthodoxy.
Liberal Judaism is non-authoritarian and the congregations that make up the movement are self-governing. In Britain, it is organised by an association of 30 autonomous synagogues, comprising what was formerly known as 'The Union of Liberal and Progressive Synagogues' and now simply 'Liberal Judaism'.
The organisation is part of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, which estimated their membership to be around 1.7 million in 2009 and is the largest grouping of Jews in the world.
Liberal rabbis are trained at the Leo Baeck College - Centre for Jewish Education, the main rabbinic seminary for progressive Rabbis.
Liberal Jews see God as:
One and indivisible, transcendent and immanent Creator and sustainer of the universe, Source of the Moral Law, a God of Justice and mercy who demands that human beings shall practise justice and mercy in their dealings with one another.
Liberal Jews affirm the traditional view of humanity as that which is:
created in the Divine Image, endowed with free will capable of sublime goodness but also of terrible evil, mortal yet with a sense of eternity, able to enter into a direct personal relationship with their Creator, and to restore that relationship when it is broken, through repentance (t'shuvah).
Liberal Jews don't believe that the Torah was written by God on tablets of stone and given to Moses. They believe it was written by human beings and should be responded to as such. Many Liberal Jews do acknowledge that much of the Torah was divinely inspired.
Liberal Jews regard the biblical writers as fallible human beings, anchored in the customs and societies of their time and place. They accept that while the Torah contains much that is spiritual and inspiring, it also contains 'plenty that is flawed, petty, and rooted in ancient politics and culture.'
So, for example, Liberal Jews don't accept that God was responsible for some of the ancient concepts and laws, such as the stoning to death of a rebellious son or the permanent ostracism from the community of Israel of the members of ancient Canaanite tribes. They believe that these were human laws that were part of the culture and moralities of their time and that have no application today.
This re-evaluation of scripture doesn't devalue the Torah. Liberal Jews regard the Torah, together with Mishnah, Talmud and Midrash, as an inexhaustible source of wisdom, guidance and inspiration. However, they believe that the Torah and other works should be interpreted in the context of the present day, rather than literally.
Most Liberal Jews reject the idea of a personal Messiah at whose coming all the righteous dead would arise and live in unadulterated bliss and also reject the idea of physical resurrection.
There is no consensus on an afterlife.
In a Liberal synagogue men and women sit together and take part as equals in all aspects of the service.
Much of a Liberal service is taken from traditional Jewish liturgy, with revisions, omissions, modifications and 'many amplifications'.
A part of the service is usually in English (although Liberal synagogues now use more Hebrew than in the early days of the movement). There may also be a choir and instrumental accompaniment.
Liberal Judaism believes that all festivals and days of celebration or mourning be upheld in tandem with traditional beliefs.
It also shares the Orthodox conviction that traditional rites of passage must be endorsed. These include the carrying out of appropriate rituals pertaining to birth, circumcision, baby-naming, coming of age and marriage (see gender issues below), the consecration of a new home and death and mourning (see funerals).
Liberal Judaism was the pioneer of gender equality in British Judaism. The movement has always regarded men and women as equal, and therefore men and women are not segregated during services as they are in some other forms of Judaism.
Women may participate fully in synagogue life:
The movement's prayer book, Siddur Lev Chadash, uses gender-inclusive language in its translations. So, for example, masculine names for God, such as "Lord" and "King", are replaced by words such as "Eternal One" and "Sovereign", and the Matriarchs are mentioned in conjunction with the Patriarchs.
Women are encouraged to study Judaism in-depth, so that they are properly equipped to make informed decisions about their religious life.
Liberal Judaism rejects the traditional law of matrilineality, which teaches that a child must have a Jewish mother to be born Jewish. It accepts that children of mixed marriages should be treated alike, regardless of whether the mother or the father is the Jewish parent, and judged solely according to their upbringing.
Children also receive equal treatment, with girls and boys having equal parts in religious rituals and equal status in religious education.
Both girls and boys can have a service of baby naming in the synagogue, in which both mother and father participate fully.
Girls can go through the Bat-Mitzvah ('Daughter of Duty') ceremony, which is equivalent to the traditional male Bar-Mitzvah, when they're 13. This innovation is now available across most Jewish denominations.
At the ages of 15 and 16 Liberal Jews undergo the unique ceremony of Kabbalat Torah ('Acceptance of Torah' or 'Confirmation'). Here the service and Torah reading are equally divided between the boys and girls of the graduating class.
Men and women are accorded completely equal status in Liberal Jewish marriage law and ritual. Liberal Judaism objects to the Orthodox 'bill of divorce' by which the husband 'sends away' the wife. Liberal Jews consider this law to be one-sided.
Liberal Judaism regards traditional Jewish family life as the ideal way of life for the heterosexual majority. It believes this way of life is the best for raising children and for the practice and transmission of faith.
Liberal Judaism disapproves of promiscuity or adultery and expects that both heterosexuals and homosexuals should restrict sexual activity to a context of lasting love and fidelity.
While the movement strongly opposes any homophobia, or prejudice against gay men and women, and indeed demands "understanding and respect for those who are by nature or nurture so predisposed that they can find happiness and fulfilment only in a homosexual relationship", it's clear from the movement's literature on the subject that homosexuality is regarded as less good than heterosexuality and rather to be regretted.
Nonetheless Liberal Judaism recognises that holiness may be present in committed same-sex partnerships and supports the creation of appropriate liturgy for same-sex commitment ceremonies.
Liberal Judaism regards Jewish identity as a matter of culture and upbringing, rather than genetics. So Liberal Jews regard as Jewish anyone who has a Jewish parent and who has been brought up in a Jewish environment, or who has converted to Judaism.
While it is possible to be converted to Judaism by the Liberal movement, and the process is likely to be warm and welcoming, converts are not accepted as Jews by Orthodox Jews.
Like all UK synagogue movements, Liberal rabbis will not conduct mixed marriages.
Liberal Jews permit a choice of cremation or burial, counter to the Orthodox prohibition of the former. Men and women have equal rights to play a part in funeral and mourning rituals.
Liberal Judaism encourages organ donation where appropriate and does not insist on the customary speedy Jewish funeral if such a procedure is undertaken.
While Liberal Judaism recognises a religious dimension to the consumption of food, and encourages blessing and thanksgiving to God before and after meals, it leaves observance or non-observance of Jewish dietary rules to each individual.
Some Liberal Jews regard these rules as entirely irrelevant to their religious lives and ignore them.
Other Liberal Jews regard the rules as a significant part of Jewish tradition and choose to obey them for one or more of the following reasons:
Liberal Judaism is highly supportive of Israel, but regards the Diaspora as continuing to have a vital part to play in the present and future of the Jewish People.
Liberal Jews regret the rigorous pro-Orthodox direction that religious (and indeed secular) life has taken in Israel and hope for an ultimately greater tolerance.
The movement is strongly peace oriented and firm in the belief that there must be good relationships between Arabs and Jews in the Holy Land.
Liberal Judaism was created in order to reverse the drift away from Judaism that had been produced by the Emancipation.
It began in Britain in 1902 with the founding of the Jewish Religious Union by Lily Montagu (1873-1963) and Claude Montefiore. The immediate object was to hold Sabbath afternoon services in which English was used as well as Hebrew, musical instruments were permitted and men and women could sit together. The first public service was held on October 18 1902 at the Great Central Hotel in Marylebone Road, London.
The first Liberal Jewish synagogue in Britain was opened in 1911 and the first Liberal Rabbi was appointed in 1912. The first Liberal synagogue outside London was opened in Liverpool in 1928.
The Union of Liberal and Progressive Synagogues was founded in 1944. There were 11 affiliated synagogues by 1949, 28 by 1991 and 31 by 2005.
The movement's first Rabbi was Israel I. Mattuck, who established Liberal Judaism in Britain as a movement whose character resembled the radical end of American Reform Judaism.
Lily Montagu was a remarkable woman. She was one of ten children of a Jewish banker and Liberal MP, Samuel Montagu and was brought up in a strictly Orthodox home.
Her religious instincts developed early; by the age of 15 she was having difficulty with the Orthodox line and by 17 had started to run Sabbath classes for children. At 19 she co-founded an educational institution for women that grew into the West Central Jewish Day Settlement, based in the West End of London.
She felt that Orthodoxy was over-formal and that the demands of its rituals were too difficult for working people, who found it so hard to combine with their everyday lives. The industrial working hours and dreadful living conditions she saw around her in the East End of London where she lived contributed to this view. She also wished to help protect Jewish people living in East London from anti-semitism and enable them to blend more successfully with the community.
In 1899 she wrote an article entitled "The Spiritual Possibilities of Judaism Today". This led in 1902 to the founding of the Jewish Religious Union (with the scholar Claude Montefiore) which then developed into the Liberal Jewish movement.
Dr. Ellen Umansky (the Carl and Dorothy Bennett Professor of Judaic Studies at Fairfield University) has uncovered evidence that suggests that Montagu was the real founder of Liberal Judaism in Britain. "She asked Claude Montefiore to become president, because she recognized that no one would take her seriously," Umansky says. "So he became president [of the movement] and she did all the work."
In 1925/6 she played the major part in founding the World Union for Progressive Judaism. Claude Montefiore became president and Lily Montagu was appointed honorary-secretary. Ms Montagu herself was President from 1954-1959 and later became honorary life president.
Ms Montagu was the first Jewish woman to serve as a lay minister. She preached regularly at the Liberal Jewish Synagogue and had her own congregation, the West Central Jewish Congregation, where she officiated and preached regularly.
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subset: commoncrawl


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The Ludovico Rating System is based on the fictional aversion therapy called Ludovico
technique featured in the novel and film A Clockwork Orange, which I've never even read
or seen. I used it because any patient undergoing the Ludovico technique has an apparel
attached to their face that forces their eyes open. This can be compared to how a film is able
to keep my eyes wide open --or shut, Kubrick reference! Both Clockwork and Eyes Wide
Shut at the same time. Blamo!-- and keep me hooked.


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Houzan and Cocoa/
Shochu Brand: Houzan,
Sweet Potato Shochu
Time: 15 sec
2oz Houzan
2.5oz Cocoa
1tsp Simple Syrup
Directions: Mix cocoa powder and Houzan. Add simple syrup. It may be added milk. Hot cocoa (milk cocoa or regular) with Houzan.
Comment: Flavor of sweet potato goes really well with aroma of cocoa.


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Workcamp Details
Intercultural Relations and Active City Communities
Description: Come and help to organize an Open Carnival and share stories of an international neighborhood!
Badbaado is a grassroot social organization run by Finnish Somalis living in Helsinki area. The organization offers different cultural activities and social support according to the needs of the Somali community in Eastern Helsinki.
Lapinlahden lähde is a community space run by different organizations that supports mental health and well being by organizing different grassroot level social activities together with artist form different fields. In the camp volunteers will work together with these organisations helping them to organise their festival events.
Type of Work: The volunteers will get introduced to the activities of Badbaado and Finland's Somalia Network. They will organize a photography and storytelling project focusing on stories of the residents of the international Itäkeskus neighborhood in Helsinki. They will also help with some practical arrangements of Puhos festival, one of the Badbaado's annual events. The outcomes of the project will be presented at the festival and in a blog. In addition the volunteers of the camp will help multiculturality project Miitti to organize an event called Open Carnival at Lapinlahden lähde, in which they will give a dance and costume making workshop for people with different backgrounds. Open Carnival is organised as part of the Night of the Arts event in Helsinki.
Study Theme: The volunteers will learn about Finnish-Somali relations and the position of Somali community in Finland through getting introduced to the work of Badbaado and Finland's Somalia Network. The volunteers will also learn about different means of city activism and ways of promoting intercultural communication. They will learn about the use of photography, interview and blog keeping as means of storytelling and social activism.
Accommodation: In Seikkailutalo Youth House in a beautiful location by the sea in Vuosaari district, Eastern Helsinki. There are many interesting free time activities available such as canoeing and different outdoor games. The house has a kitchen, and the volunteers will cook most of the meals by themselves. The volunteers will sleep on mattresses on the floor and will need to bring their own sleeping bags. Tickets for public transportation will be provided for the volunteers.
Language: English
Requirements: An extra motivation letter is required. Volunteers should be interested in intercultural communication, media and arts, and to be ready to take part in a project that involves work with different organizations and in different locations in the city. As keeping a blog will be part of the project, interest in writing, photographing or editing will be an advantage.
Approximate Location: Helsinki
Notes: This camp is part of the SCI's project Branching Out: (re)connecting ideas that seeks to promote collaboration between organizations working on themes of social inclusion and intercultural dialogue.


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A Blocked Senders policy restricts messages to or from specific email addresses or domains. It can apply to inbound or outbound messages, although is typically used to block inbound messages.
View the Policy Specificity page for more information regarding the order in which Mimecast applies policies to emails.
Usage Considerations
Consider the following before creating a policy:
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- Blocked Senders policies override any configured Permitted Senders policies.
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The following default Block Sender policies are created during your Mimecast account creation, and cannot be changed by administrators:
- An External to External Block Sender policy that prevents senders using your mail server as an open relay. For example, we only accept messages from addresses belonging to your internal domains. Additional External to External Blocked Sender policy cannot be created.
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- An inbound Blocked Senders policy that references an empty group. You can populate this group by adding email addresses / domains manually, or by using a Spreadsheet Import.
Configuring a Blocked Senders Policy
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- Policy to be changed.
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- Complete the Options section as required:
Option Description Policy Narrative Enter a description for the policy to allow you to identify it. Blocked Senders Policy Select whether to block the sender or take no action.
- Complete the Emails From and Emails To sections as required:
Field / Option Description Addresses Based On Specify the email address characteristics the policy is based on. This option is only available in the "Emails From" section. The options are: Option Description The Return Address (Mail Envelope From) This default setting applies the policy to the SMTP address match, based on the message's envelope or true address (i.e. the address used during SMTP transmission). The Message From Address (Message Header From) Applies the policy based on the masked address used in the message's header. Both Applies the policy based on either the Mail Envelope From or the Message Header From whichever matches. If both match, the specified value the Message Header From is used. Applies From / To Specify the sender characteristics the policy is based on. For multiple policies, you should apply them from the most to least specific. The options are: Option Description Everyone Includes all internal and external users. This option is only available in the "Emails From" section. Internal Address Includes only internal addresses. External Address Includes only external addresses. This option is only available in the "Emails From" section. Email Domain Enables you to specify a domain name to which this policy is applied. The domain name is entered in the Specifically field. Address Groups Enables you to specify a directory or local group. If this option is selected, click on the Lookup button to select a group from the Profile Group field. Once a group has been selected, you can click on the Show Location field to display the group's path. Address Attributes Enables you to specify a predefined attribute. The attribute is selected from the Where Attribute drop down list. Once the attribute is specified, an attribute value must be entered in the Is Equal To field. This can only be used if attributes have been configured for user accounts. Individual Email Address Enables you to specify an SMTP address. The email address is entered in the Specifically field.
- Complete the Validity section as required:
Field / Option Description Enable / Disable Enables (default) or disables the policy. If a date range is specified, the policy is automatically disabled when the end of the date range is reached. Set Policy as Perpetual If the policy's date range has no end date, this field displays "Always On" meaning that the policy never expires. Date Range Specify a start and / or end date for the policy. If Eternal is selected, no date is required. Policy Override This overrides the default order that policies are applied. If there are multiple applicable policies, this policy is applied first unless more specific policies of the same type are configured with an override. Bi-Directional If selected the policy is applied when the policy's recipient is the sender, and the sender is the recipient. Source IP Ranges (n.n.n.n/x) Enter any required Source IP Ranges for the policy. These only apply if the source IP address used to transmit the message data, falls inside or matches the range(s) configured. IP ranges should be entered in CIDR notation.
- Select the Save and Exit button.
See Also...


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Sometimes being a Techgirl means you have to get into the really nerdy things, like GPU's. Though we mainly like to discuss lifestyle topics, it can be very refreshing to learn more about what makes our tech work. At Nvidia's GPU Technology Conference in Munich we got to learn what amazing things can happen thanks to a GPU.
A GPU is a graphics processing unit, a piece of technology that will take in the information from multiple camera's for example, and translates it to graphics on a screen. Nvidia produces these types of technology and the GPU Technology Conference was a great showcase of what that can entail.
Positive vibes at the GPU Technology Conference
I really got a positive and exciting vibe from the conference. It all started with the keynote of CEO and founder Jensen Huang, who did the whole speech from the top of his head, in a very relaxed and easy manner. The most exciting thing was when he showed off the Holodeck, a new virtual lab in which you can use VR to really visualize and work together. Your body is like a robot in this environment, and it shows you use models made in Maya, in a 3D way. You can interact with it, and work together, and it is really cool.
I know that, because I got to try out the Holodeck myself. Even though I am not a car designer, I had a blast playing around with it. I could bend over with the HTC Vive VR goggles on, and it made me get into my car, so I could see the leather seats, or even the engine if I went far enough. I could write things on a virtual whiteboard that I could throw around, and I could go into this mode where all the thousands of parts of the car were in the air, which really looked amazing.
The best thing about the conference to me, were the many robots that were there. The pizza delivery robot that will be working for Dutch Domino's soon, was really cute, but my favorite will always be Pepper, who was there, as well. There were more exciting things, for example, a self driving car, which was one of the biggest topics of the conference.
Communicating with self driving cars
There are so many things that have to be taken into account: how can we let people on the street know that a car has spotted them? How likely is it that we will have selfdriving cars of safety level 5 (which is fully autonomous) on the streets? These type of questions were discussed and it feels like a very exciting time right now: what will our streets look like in five years, or even ten years?
There was one more thing that really blew my mind, which was playing dominos with a robot in virtual reality. There are many companies that actually train robots in virtual reality instead of the real world, and Project Isaac is one of them. So I put on the Vive VR goggles and with two controllers in hand I was able to play a game of dominos against a robot. I put the dominos on the table myself, so I could even place them on their wrong side: the robot (that looked really cute) could really see what you did and disapprove of it, or play a dominos stone back. It was really something else.
A new world!
The main thing I got from this conference regarding Nvidia, is how many IT companies are more like start-ups these days. This is not a world in which technology companies just decide things and push them through to us all: it is all new world stuff. For example, there are many rules and regulations still missing concerning self driving cars because it is all so new.
Nvidia can help making GPU's that can handle the many, many camera's on each car, but for Nvidia this is a whole new world too. It is beautiful to see companies take their tech and combine it with other companies tech, cause that way things can improve while working together and communicating on how to make things better.


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NEW DELHI (Reuters) - India imported 4.8 percent more oil in 2018 to a record 4.58 million barrels per day (bpd) as the country increased purchases to feed its expanded refining capacity, ship-tracking data reviewed by Reuters showed.
In December the country's oil imports totalled 4.86 million bpd, an increase of about 15 percent from the previous month and about 11 percent more than a year earlier, the data showed.
In 2018 Iraq continued to be the top supplier to India on an annual basis for a second year in a row while Saudi Arabia maintained the second position, the data showed.
Iran remained the third-biggest oil supplier to India in 2018.
India's imports from Iran in 2018 totalled about 531,000 bpd, about 13 percent higher than a year ago, the data showed.
The Middle East remained the biggest oil supplier to India, with the region's share in imports rising to about 65 percent from 63 percent a year ago. Oil supplies from Africa fell slightly, accounting for about 14.5 percent of overall imports, while supplies from Latin America declined for a fourth year, with the region's share shrinking to about 13.7 percent from 15 percent.
U.S. oil accounted for about 2.5 percent of India's oil import in 2018 compared with 0.5 percent a year earlier, the data showed.
Reporting by Nidhi Verma, editing by Louise Heavens


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Kelly Howard brings to her glass work a depth of artistic and intellectual enquiry. A native of the Midwest, she has traveled and studied widely in her artistic education. Kelly holds a BA in psychology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, as well as a BFA from SAIC, the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Attending SAIC on a Presidential merit scholarship, her studies focused on painting, sculpture, foundry & fiber. Initially drawn to glass during a blacksmithing workshop, Kelly's continued education in glass has taken her to such institutions as Pilchuck, Corning and the Eugene Glass School. She has traveled extensively in Australia, Italy and Spain, seeking ideas and inspiration.
Kelly now makes her home on the south coast of Oregon where she has worked exclusively in glass for the past 12 years.
"My work in glass is about color and form," says Kelly. "Three years ago I began exploring color through layering and chemical reactions. My work in the last few years has developed in a direction that is much more painterly and experimental."


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White House
Trump uses more lenient requirements for security clearances. Thank Obama.
When President Donald Trump came into office last year he began granting White House security clearances to top aides using more lenient criteria than those of his predecessors.
He can thank — or blame — Barack Obama for that.
The Trump White House has been accused of being too generous in doling out access to the nation's secrets. But it was Obama officials who altered the guidelines weeks before they left office in early 2017 to provide additional mitigating factors for employees seeking clearances.
The guidelines now allow staffers with dual passports, tax problems and suspicious lie detector test results to receive clearances. They may not seem like major changes. But John V. Berry, a Virginia lawyer who represents people going through the security clearance process, described them as "big," saying they offer people more chances to receive waivers and conditional clearances than before. "They're easier in my opinion," he said. "I don't think you can argue that they're tougher."
The White House came under fire this month for allowing Staff Secretary Rob Porter to handle the most sensitive documents seen by the president for more than 12 months using an interim clearance. That revelation came to light after both his ex-wives publicly accused him of domestic abuse and he quickly resigned.
The new guidelines have fueled suspicion that the seemingly slight changes in Obama's final weeks — intended to broaden the pool of potential federal government employees — are being used to give clearances to White House aides who would have otherwise not been able to obtain them.
Evelyn Farkas, a former deputy assistant secretary of defense who is now a nonresident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council, said the changes were made to the guidelines to make it easier for the federal government to attract quality applicants. But the easing of rules is now a cause for concern given the number of staffers that worked in the White House with questionable backgrounds, including Porter.
"Unfortunately … these new guidelines are being interpreted by a new crew that has different ethics, a different culture," she said. "That's why this caught our eye."
I see the new rules as providing a much stronger argument for granting waivers for particularly skilled or key individuals that wouldn't otherwise be able to get or keep a clearance given their backgrounds
Lawyer John V. Berry
Dozens of other White House staffers reportedly have only interim clearances 13 months into Trump's presidency, a sign that investigators have remaining questions, doubts or other conflicts that still require examination. In a departure from previous administrations, the Trump White House has allowed those employees to access classified information despite the administration's own director of national intelligence urging restrictions.
The list includes Jared Kushner, Trump's son-in-law and top adviser, who has complex finances as New York real estate developer and made mistakes on the required paperwork. Chief of Staff John Kelly announced last week that the White House will no longer allow some staffers with interim clearances — including Kushner — to have access to the most sensitive information as of Friday if their FBI background check has been pending since at least June.
Paul Pillar, former deputy chief of the intelligence community's counterterrorism center who served nearly three decades at the CIA, said revisions are regularly made to the guidelines to reflect how American society has evolved on issues, such as downplaying marijuana use. But, he said, the Trump White House's actions on clearances are more serious than just taking advantage of new guidelines.
"I think to the extent that there is abusive practices in the White House … it goes beyond the fine print of a regulation," he said.
Friday is the last day the White House will allow staffers with interim clearances — including Jared Kushner — to have access to the most sensitive information if their FBI background check has been pending since at least June 2017
James Clapper, Obama's director of national intelligence, oversaw a rewrite of the National Security Adjudicative Guidelines. The guidelines are used by the White House and all federal agencies to grant security clearances allowing employees and contractors to read and hear classified information. It was last updated August 2006.
The new guidelines, for example, allow applicants with more than one passport to keep them instead of surrendering or destroying the non-U.S. one. They offer those with tax debt the opportunity to show they have made arrangements with tax authorities to pay what is owed. And they clarify that the judgments of polygraph technicians alone should not be the basis of an adverse action, according to multiple attorneys familiar with the guidelines.
"The changes implemented in 2017 in large part are to the benefit of applicants because of mitigating factors," said Kristan Siegwart, a Washington lawyer who represents people going through the security clearance process.
The memo did outline a series of reforms that, in the wake of the situation involving Rob Porter that we can do to ensure that the security clearance process is tightened up
White House spokesman Raj Shah
They also allow agencies to provide waivers for applicants whose hiring is deemed so important that it outweighs any national security risk and to offer conditional clearance for those with substance abuse issues if they meet certain conditions, such as counseling sessions. White House officials say Trump did not grant a waiver to Porter.
Mary Kuntz, a Washington lawyer who represents people going through the security clearance process, described the process as "more discretionary" because it allows an applicant to better explain their whole story.
But in a handful of ways, the new guidelines became more restrictive. Online sexual activities, including those on social media, gambling and inpatient hospitalization were added to the infractions that could jeopardize a clearance.
Clapper had already issued directives about some of the individual issues before the guidelines were completed in December 2016 and implemented six months later in June 2017. National security experts say lawyers disagree about when the changes were to go into effect and what some of them meant.
"They reflect the constant give and take between having overly rigid policies in this area and allowing too much discretion – both of which have been seen as problems at various times," said Brian Egan, an attorney who worked in the White House, the National Security Council and the State and Treasury departments during the Bush and Obama administrations.
At the White House, the FBI conducts background checks for staff using the guidelines but a final determination is generally made by the Security Office, a small group of career professions. But the president can overrule any decision.
President Bill Clinton signed a 1995 executive order that created the modern security clearance system. Presidents George W. Bush and Obama made their own tweaks through executive orders. Trump has yet to act.
Franco Ordoñez: 202-383-6155, @francoordonez


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I am a millennial who was in high school when Facebook was getting big, but we still only had flip phones that took horrible photos. For this I am grateful.
Whenever Facebook reminds me of statuses I posted during high school, I cringe. Dumb, cryptic song lyrics about how I was feeling; literal, boring answers to "What are you doing?"; and lots of complaining about homework. The saving grace is that it was harder to post pictures back in 2008, when I had to plug my actual camera or memory card into my family's home computer, save the file, and then upload the picture to my Facebook albums. I have plenty of pictures from that time period, but many of them are safe from public viewing.
Facebook has a little reminder feature that shows you what you posted On This Day of the year in past years. Sometimes I love seeing those Memories, but sometimes I hate it.
The Lord is good and gracious that I don't have to look back on a million selfies of me and my friends with our acne, braces, and flare jeans too often. Because my high school photos were not obsessively shared, I now don't have to be reminded of them every year. Occasionally an old picture resurfaces and we laugh about it, but there's no need to reminisce about those awkward years where I teeter tottered between thinking I knew everything and feeling inadequate in everything.
I don't want to imagine about what I'll think when I'm even further removed from my high school years. I'm sure it only gets more embarrassing and humbling.
But what about the memories it does notify me to remember? The Facebook algorithm doesn't care if it's reminding you of a sensitive subject, an emotional season, or bad choices you'd prefer to forget.
Birthday reminders for a family member who has passed away. Auto-created friendship anniversary videos of people who are no longer in my real life. Old statuses about things I was excited for that did not end well. Things I posted that were so obviously trying to be cool or get a little approval.
Remembering can be hard because it shows us our human failures and weaknesses.
But it's not all bad memories. Sometimes it reminds us of really good events and seasons. People starting families and then seeing posts years later of these little babies that are not so little anymore. Successes we had that meant the world to us.
I follow along with my semester abroad every January through May as it shows me pictures of what I was doing in England or Europe on this day, 4, 5, 6 years ago. Some days I smile for the fun and blessings I had. Some days I cry for what used to be mine but is no longer.
Remembering can be hard on us mentally when it makes us compare our present with our past. Whatever you did on this day five years ago my have been great. Praise the Lord for that! But it's so easy to wish we were there now and think life would be so much better if I was doing that, was living there, or was with those people. It's bittersweet.
Remembering is actually talked about in the Bible a lot. We plead for God to remember us in our troubles or to show mercy and remember our sins no more. God also tells us to remember both the good and the bad.
"Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and the Lord your God redeemed you from there." Deuteronomy 24:18
"I will remember the deeds of the Lord; yes, I will remember your miracles of long ago." Psalm 77:11
We remember past tough seasons to see how God has carried us. Sometimes we push those painful memories aside and forget what God has done to bring us back from that pit. We start to think we got to where we are through our own strength and smarts. But we need that humbling act of remembering where we used to be to understand how far God has brought us and that it's his name that should be praised.
It might even help to jot down or journal about those hard times of your life pointing out what God has done for you since. Record your journey during a season where you feel strong and held up by the Lord, during a time where you can clearly see what God was doing in your life. There will come another season when you need to read this back to yourself.
But maybe you're not currently on the other side of a bad situation. You're still sitting in the dark valley all while seeing pictures and statuses of your days in the sun.
The same remembering can lead you back to the positive path. If you have a record of God's goodness, you know he has the power to do it again. It's a pep talk to yourself, prepared in the good days so that you can face the bad days.
When you're in a bad place, sometime the last thing you want is a well-meaning friend to tell you it will get better. Even hearing from someone else that God loves you can be hard when you simply don't feel it and can't force yourself to believe it. But we tend to place a little more stock in things we say about our own lives. Sometimes the best advice in a current struggle is a note from your past self that says you will get through this.
Write your own personal self-help book, which is really just pointing out God-help. List how God has proven who he is to you in concrete ways.
In high school I was worried about… but God…
In college I struggled with… but God…
Last week I thought this was going to be a big deal… but God…
No matter how we feel about our present compared to our On This Day memories, we rejoice that we've had a good God through it all. We must learn to sing of what God has done, even on the hard days. Our emotions and situations change, but God does not. Imagine if every day of the year you got these notifications:
God loved you so much that he made a plan to save you. (John 3:16)
God is always with you. (Matthew 28:20)
God has good plans for you. (Jeremiah 29:11)
Those Bible verses were true when the were written, are still true for us today, and will always be true in the future. If you don't want to write your own journal of God's redeeming power in your life, then read the Bible for the best examples and way to remember.
While we may look back in embarrassment or shame about our pasts, God does not because Jesus took all of that away by paying for our sins once and for all. God knows who you will yet become. He sees the end of your journey and knows that while challenging, our struggles are preparing us for something greater than this life.
"Therefore we do not lose heart. Though outwardly we are wasting away, yet inwardly we are being renewed day by day. For our light and momentary troubles are achieving for us an eternal glory that far outweighs them all. So we fix our eyes not on what is seen, but on what is unseen, since what is seen is temporary, but what is unseen is eternal."
2 Corinthians 4:16-18
"Therefore, in order to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me. Three times I pleaded with the Lord to take it away from me. But he said to me, "My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness." Therefore I will boast all the more gladly about my weaknesses, so that Christ's power may rest on me. That is why, for Christ's sake, I delight in weaknesses, in insults, in hardships, in persecutions, in difficulties. For when I am weak, then I am strong."
2 Corinthians 12:7-10
"I called to the Lord in distress;
the Lord answered me
and put me in a spacious place.
The Lord is for me; I will not be afraid.
What can a mere mortal do to me?
The Lord is my helper,
This is the day the Lord has made;
let us rejoice and be glad in it.
Lord, save us!
Lord, please grant us success!
He who comes in the name
of the Lord is blessed."
Psalm 118:5-7, 24-26 (CSB)
A favorite song of mine right now is Lauren Daigle's "I Remember." (Click here to listen!) Sing to God no matter what this day brings or what our past digs up. He has always been faithful.


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Autumn Breeze Training, located at CastleRock Farms in Moorpark, CA. Kim is a USDF Gold, Silver and Bronze medalist. She has over 20 years of experience riding and training horses with multiple year end championships and awards through Grand Prix. Her calm and quiet approach builds a trusting relationship between horse and rider. Kim worked as Hilda Gurney's assistant trainer for 2 years as well as other FEI trainers. She has extensive experience starting and successfully showing young horses and giving them the correct foundation and confidence to move up the levels. She has experience showing many different breeds through the levels. Kim takes the time necessary to develop a correct, happy and willing horse. Her instruction gives the riders the understanding of the basics and confidence in the rider's position to move up.
Contact Kim at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Successful partnership within international organizations – joint interest of Lithuania and Croatia
President of the Republic of Lithuania Dalia Grybauskaitė met with President of Croatia Ivo Josipović, who arrived in Vilnius on a working visit.
In the meeting, the two Presidents discussed bilateral relations, Lithuanian-Croatian cooperation within international organizations, and the progress of negotiations concerning Croatia's accession to the EU.
The President of Lithuania underlined efficient bilateral partnership within international organizations was very important for both of the states.
"Croatia supported us for a non-permanent seat to the UN Security Council for the period of 2014-2015. Lithuania supports Croatia's membership of the European Union. And we strongly believe Croatia will continue its reform efforts and will soon complete all negotiation chapters," President Dalia Grybauskaitė said.
According to the President, Lithuania is already actively sharing its own experience of the accession process, with Lithuanian and Croatian institutions already working together as demonstrated by the newest example of such cooperation - a recently approved twinning project of ministries of finance on the effective management of the EU Cohesion funds.
The President gave a positive assessment of Croatia's efforts to fight against corruption with the aim to improve business climate for foreign investment in the country. According to the President, this will facilitate the development of Lithuanian-Croatian bilateral economic relations.
The Presidents of Lithuania and Croatia also discussed the development of energy projects and agreed that safety of nuclear energy was a shared responsibility of the international community.
President Dalia Grybauskaitė also asked the Croatian President to pass an invitation to Croatia's Prime Minister Jadranka Kosor to attend a high-level conference of women world leaders, to be held on 30 June in Vilnius.
Press Service of the Lithuanian President


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Communion has a very significant place in the lives of believers. It is extremely powerful and life giving. When we partake of the bread and the cup, we are actually communing with Christ's body and His blood (I Corinthians 10:16-17 NKJV). This is not a symbolical act. The Bible never teaches this. We actually commune with Christ Himself when we partake of communion. This teaching will address part of the spiritual significance of communion. It will also discuss some misconceptions that the church has regarding the subject.
Is Communion Symbolic?
The Greek word used for "communion" also means: partnership, communication, and fellowship. The word communion is defined as: "the sharing or exchanging of intimate thoughts and feelings, especially when the exchange is on a mental or spiritual level." Communion in its very definition is not something that is just symbolic. It is a real and intimate experience. If communion were meant to be just a symbolic act, the Holy Spirit never would have called partaking of the bread and cup, communion.
Many denominations and leaders state that communion is simply a symbolic act. They state this because they do not understand the spiritual significance of communion. When the natural mind does not understand something that is spiritual, the natural mind must come up with an explanation to satisfy itself. Some things in the Bible can not be explained or understood fully. However the natural mind can not except this and will attempt to formulate a doctrine in order to pacify its natural reasonings. The spiritual person will acknowledge there is something spiritual taking place and accept it, even if it can't be explained. The natural person wars against unexplainable mysteries, and rejects what he can not understand.
And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to the disciples and said, "Take, eat; this is My body." Then He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, "Drink from it, all of you. For this is My blood of the new covenant, which is shed for many for the remission of sins. (Matthew 26:26-28 NKJV)
Jesus refers to the bread as "My body" and the cup as "My blood of the new covenant." Jesus doesn't say this bread and cup are symbolic of body and blood. I am not saying that the bread and cup become the literal body and blood of Jesus. But I am saying that something spiritual, powerful, and unexplainable in human words; takes place when we partake of the bread and the cup. The Lord calls this communion with Him.
Discerning the Lord's Body
There are a few different ways in which one can partake of the bread and the cup in an unworthy or irreverent manner. If believers do so, they will be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord; and will bring judgment upon themselves. This is a very serious issue that so many in the body of Christ do not understand. The church really needs to walk in more fear of the Lord when partaking of communion. The following scripture will be our context, and afterwards a detailed explanation will be given:
Now in giving these instructions I do not praise you, since you come together not for the better but for the worse. For first of all, when you come together as a church, I hear that there are divisions among you, and in part I believe it. For there must also be factions among you, that those who are approved may be recognized among you. Therefore when you come together in one place, it is not to eat the Lord's Supper. For in eating, each one takes his own supper ahead of others; and one is hungry and another is drunk. What! Do you not have houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you in this? I do not praise you. For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus on the same night in which He was betrayed took bread; and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, "Take, eat; this is My body which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me." In the same manner He also took the cup after supper, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in My blood. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me." For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death till He comes. Therefore whoever eats this bread or drinks this cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord. But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For he who eats and drinks in an unworthy manner eats and drinks judgment to himself, not discerning the Lord's body. For this reason many are weak and sick among you, and many sleep. For if we would judge ourselves, we would not be judged. But when we are judged, we are chastened by the Lord, that we may not be condemned with the world. Therefore, my brethren, when you come together to eat, wait for one another. But if anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, lest you come together for judgment. And the rest I will set in order when I come. (I Corinthians 11:17-34 NKJV)
The first element of not properly discerning the Lord's body, is the Lord's actual body and what He did for us. Jesus' blood was shed for the forgiveness of sins. But there were other sufferings that Jesus undertook for our sakes that every believer should recognize. Jesus hung on the cross so that the curse of the law could be broken in the lives of believers (Galatians 3:13). Jesus received stripes on His back so we could be healed of our sicknesses and diseases (Isaiah 53:4-5, 1 Peter 2:24).
Partaking of communion without believing what the Bible says about Jesus' sacrifice, constitutes as not properly discerning his body. If we willfully chose not to believe that we can have physical healing because of the stripes of Jesus; we actually reject some of Jesus' sufferings and sacrifice. Jesus could have just been slain, and by His shed blood we would have had forgiveness of sins. However, Jesus loves us so much that He underwent torture for us. He had the flesh ripped off of His back so that we could have physical healing in our bodies in this life. Christians who reject healing, reject a part of Christ's sacrifice and do not properly discern the Lord's physical body. These Christians will eat and drink judgment to themselves since they do not appreciate what Christ did for them in His body.
The second element is not esteeming communion for what it truly is, and considering it a symbolic act. In the scripture above, believers were taking large portions of bread for themselves and making it an entire meal. They were also drinking too much wine, to the point of intoxication. These believers were partaking of communion in an irreverent manner. They were eating and drinking as if there was no spiritual communion with Jesus. The believers took communion with absolutely no seriousness, and this was dishonoring to the Lord Himself.
These same believers also dishonored the body of Christ (the church) by selfishly consuming the bread and cup. Other believers were left with little or no bread and drink for communing with the Lord. Believers acting in a selfish way toward other believers and partaking of communion, are partaking of the bread and cup in an unworthy manner.
All sin is selfishness. If we as Christians, sin against other Christians in the church; we are being selfish toward them. We may not take all of the bread and drink to ourselves during communion, but the Lord will still view our actions as selfish sin towards the body. If we are engaged in selfish sin toward the body, and partake of communion; we are not discerning the Lord's body correctly. We are actually despising the Lord's body or the body of Christ.
Not discerning the Lord's body correctly and taking communion in an irreverent and unworthy manner will bring judgment on us. The scripture says that when we are judged, we are disciplined by the Lord so that we will not be condemned with the world. What is the judgment that the Lord allows to happen to believers who partake of the bread and cup in an unworthy manner? "For this reason many are weak and sick among you, and many sleep." Sickness, disease, and death. The Lord is not messing around with this issue. Sinning against the body and blood of the Lord is a serious matter and the church should walk in holy fear. Please note that the Greek word used for "sleep" also means: to be deceased or to be dead.
Before we partake of communion we must examine ourselves. It is extremely important that we recognize and respect what Christ did for us in His physical body. We should also be fully aware that intimate fellowship with the Lord occurs in the Spirit when we eat the bread and drink the cup. Finally, we have to examine our hearts to make sure we have not acted selfishly and sinned in any way against the body of Christ (the church). This will make sure that we are receiving blessing from communion and not judgement.
The Blessing of Communion
When we commune with Christ, His spiritual life flows into us. As we eat the bread, we are partaking of the spiritual life that is in His resurrected body. We can receive grace from Christ Himself through communing with His body and blood.
I have heard a number of preachers and teachers say that a person must be a believer to partake of communion. The new testament scripture that we have quoted does not say this. This scripture in the new testament was written to believers, not unbelievers. 1 Corinthians chapter eleven is only speaking to the church. This theology is not in the new testament. I'm not saying it is wrong, but I am saying that we should all study these things to see if they are so. We can not just believe something because someone tells us it is so. We must stand on the scripture alone.
Here is a scripture in the old testament that could be a type and shadow of the new. Uncircumcised people (unbelievers) were not permitted to partake of the Passover Lamb (Christ). I will let the reader meditate on the scripture and come to a determination. And when a stranger dwells with you and wants to keep the Passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as a native of the land. For no uncircumcised person shall eat it. (Exodus 12:48 NKJV)
The Manifest Presence of God
Jesus' main purpose in coming was not to bring us salvation. Salvation is necessary because mankind fell, but salvation is not the goal. It is merely the beginning. Christ died for us so our relationship could be restored to the Father. He died so that we could once again walk with God in the cool of the day as Adam did. He desires for us to walk in His tangible presence, and commune with Him as we were originally created to do.
Therefore, brethren, having boldness to enter the Holiest by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which He consecrated for us, through the veil, that is, His flesh, (Hebrews 10:19-20 NKJV)
Because of the blood of Jesus, we can enter into the Holy of Holies. This is the very manifest presence of the Lord. In the old testament, the high priest could only enter this place once a year. But now, the blood of Jesus has made us righteous. His flesh was torn so that we could have a way into the Holy of Holies. Every believer has access to stand before the Lord, and to be with Him in His presence. This is the beautiful gift that Jesus gave us through His body and His blood; access to Heaven during this life.


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Hanna and Neal competed again at the Novice Level. As was the case at MCTA, they started off a little slowly in the dressage. They added clean stadium jumping andRead More
Riding her new horse, Gator, Brittany Rhodes competed at the Novice Level. They did well in dressage and stadium jumping finishing in 2ndRead More
College life (another kind of guiding light of which seemed economical and many works on an heaven sent us now been dealing with cutting and acceptable papers at the useRead More
Curvaceous followed up in style on her performance the week before. With Courtney riding her at the Training Level, they put in a wonderful dressage test, scoring 27.5, over 70%,Read More


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Government College, formerly Provincial Secondary School, Katsina, which Muhammadu Buhari, the All Progressives Congress, APC, presidential candidate, graduated from in 1961, has released Mr. Buhari's secondary school certificate examination results.
The results, obtained exclusively by PREMIUM TIMES Wednesday, confirm Mr. Buhari's claim that he undertook the University of Cambridge West African School Certificate Examinations and obtained five credits in English Language, Geography, Hausa Language, History, and Health Science.
PREMIUM TIMES obtained the computer printout from Cambridge University as well as a statement of result, signed by the current principal of Katsina College, dated January 21, 2015.
The results show that Mr. Buhari, a former military head of state, failed in Mathematics and Woodwork, and had a pass in Literature in English.
The examination centre number was 8280, while Mr. Buhari's candidate number was 002.
The statement of results is printed on the letter head paper of the Katsina State Ministry…
View original post 516 more words


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In today's Veggie Athletic Weekly News Digest: 3 simple steps to recognise vegan shoes; Why meatless Mondays are useless; The new £5 note contains animal fat; Vegan food sales have increased by 1500%; Leeds Christmas market | 2016; Plant-based milk sales grow | the future of milk; Impossible Foods, the plant-based burger like no other.
Why Meatless Mondays Are Useless
For those thinking of going veggie/vegan, you might have heard of meatless Mondays. Taking one day out of your week to pretend you care about the animals and your health might help your ego, but nothing more.
Although on the surface it may seem like a good way to dip your toe into plant-based living, it truly achieves nothing. Eating vegan 1 day a week is a measly 3 meals. 3 meals out of 21, that's a pathetic 14% of your meals a week.
Click here to read the full article!
The New £5 Notes Contain Animal Fat
Why? What's the point? Sadly, the Bank of England have confirmed that the new £5 notes contain animal fat.
The Bank of England said in a statement "We can confirm that the polymer pellet from which the base substrate is made contains a trace of a substance known as tallow."
"Tallow is derived from animal fats (suet) and is a substance that is also widely used in the manufacture of candles and soap."
The new fivers contain animal fat. That seems unnecessarily gross, so I'll refuse them as change where possible. #vegan #worstgovernmentever pic.twitter.com/ZmZ23Bn5Oa
— Emma Mendes da Costa (@emxme) November 29, 2016
Click here to read the full article!
Vegan Food Sales Have Increased By 1500%
If you're looking for good news to wake up to then here it is! Vegan food sales have increased by 1500% in the last year alone. That means more people are turning towards more healthy and less cruel options. It also shows something which has been thought for sometime now, more people are choosing to eat vegan when they go out for meals with friends or family.
A third of the UK population now identify as 'flexitarian', meaning that they make a conscious effort to cut meat from their diet on a regular basis. Now this still isn't perfect but the main takeaway is that we are seeing a positive step in the right direction. It has no doubt contributed to the increase in vegan food sales.
Click here to read the full article!
Leeds Vegan Christmas Market | 2016
Taking place in the town hall, the Leeds Vegan Christmas Market was bigger than ever. Attracting more than 5,000 people, the event saw a huge variety of people interested in the event.
The day spanned from 11am-5pm and hosted a variety of 150 different stalls selling everything from food to clothing and skincare. Along with that, there were talks and workshops with organisations such as Sea Shepherd and Viva! attending.
I had a great time and the food was incredible. It's nice to be able to attend an event and know that everything there is 100% vegan and cruelty free.
Click here to read the full article!
Plant-Based Milk Sales Grow | The Future Of Milk
As the public becomes more conscious of the large number of negative side effects caused by dairy, eating habits are changing. Plant-based milk sales have been increasing and are predicted to skyrocket over the coming years.
Now, the plant-based milk industry is expected to grow by 13.3% between 2016 and 2022 bringing the total value to $21.7billion. That's still only a small evaluation compared to milk sourced from cows. That industry was valued at around $340bn in 2014. However, it's a promising sign that plant-based milk sales are increasing rapidly as those of cows milk are slowing.
Click here to read the full article!
3 Simple Steps To Recognise Vegan Shoes
Finding vegan shoes can be a bit of an art form if you're new to the lifestyle. The shops you used to shop at might not sell anything that's safe for vegans. There is however, a few tips that you can pick up that'll help you know if a shoe is vegan or not.
I've written about a few great places to buy vegan shoes from which you can read here.
Step 1
The first thing to do is pretty simple. Vegan Kicks describe it perfectly.
"This seems pretty obvious, but it only takes a few seconds and is the best way to rule out shoes that contain leather. Inspect the the ENTIRE upper. Look at the tongue, heel, tabs, laces, and all branding. Then inspect the inner.
Click here to read the full article!


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September 23, 2014
Ahoy there me hearty, Josiah's first birthday party!
Dressed in their pirate best, dozens came to celebrate the first year of life of little Josiah. The 'Jake and the Neverland Pirates' themed 1st birthday party was quite the event!
From the treasure map inspired invitations to the pirate party decor, this this quite celebration. Lotts of Designs had the privilege of designing the invitations and decorations to this event of the year. The invites were fun to make as they were printed on regular sheets of copy paper, torn at the edges and later dipped in coffee to give the "treasure map" look. For the kids, there were handmade pixie bags, swords and burlap treat bags.
This event was the a celebration of a miracle. A year ago, Josiah was born a premie at 2.2lbs with quite a few complications, but today, September 21st, 2014 he is almost at 20 lbs. Here are some of the photos of the special party!
Happy 1st Birthday Josiah, can't wait to celebrate many more!! Titi Loves you!
-Amanda (Lotts of Designs)


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EC - Regional - Annual 4-H Curling Bonspiel
|Deadline: January 13, 2019 4:28 PM
|Start Date: January 18, 2019 4:28 PM
|End Date: January 19, 2019 5:00 PM
|Location: Clive Curling Rink
Program Description:
East Lacombe 4-H Beef Club Invites West Central Region/East Central Regional Members
Annual 4-H Curling Bonspiel
Where: Clive Curling Rink
When: Friday January 18 and Saturday January 19, 2019
Who: 4-H Members (including Cleavers). Experience is not required. Senior 4-H members will be available to help those who have never curled.
Cost: $25.00 per player entered
Registration: You are considered registered when player information accompanied by payment is received. Please send registration to:
Darwin Fuller
Lacombe, AB T4L 2N2
REGISTRATION DEADLINE IS: Sunday January 13, 2019
Cancellation Policy: Please contact Darwin if you have registered but are unable to participate in the bonspiel. (403) 302-8074 (CELL) email@example.com
Registration fee is non-refundable.
Draw to the button competition: More info and sign up at the bonspiel.
Please bring: A clean pair of shoes to curl in and a broom as supplies at the curling rink are limited.
TEAMS will be made up once all the entries are registered. A maximum of 72 entries will be accepted and will be made on a first come first serve basis. Teams will be made up with at least one person having curling experience.
GAMES will be played on a point system which will be posted at the time of the bonspiel. Every player is guaranteed 3 games with each game consisting of 4 ends.
CONCESSION will be open during the bonspiel.
East Lacombe 4-H Beef Club Celebrating 100th Anniversary - 2019
|Cost: $25.00 CAD
|Region: East Central
|Who can apply: Cleaver Kids , All Members
For more information contact: Darwin, Phone: 403-302-8074, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


text: J.A. Neitzel wrote: > Wolfgang Proehl wrote: > >> Hi Jeff, >> >> 'hostname -vf' gives: gethostname()='sokrates' >> Resolving 'sokrates' ... >> hostname: Host name lookup failure >> >> And no, there is no /etc/hosts, so i think i have to create one >> accordingly to the LFS-book. By the way, why do i need this for printing. > > Yes, you do want to have /etc/hosts . Create one by following the > book's directions... > > Something like: > 127.0.0.1 sokrates.localdomain sokrates localhost > > should be fine if this machine does not have a NIC and is not part of > a local network. Also, be sure that /etc/nsswitch.conf exists as well > and that both /etc/hosts and /etc/nsswitch.conf are world-readable > with mode 0644 . > > Why do you need these things for printing??? Well, like many other > UNIX programs, your printing daemon has certain network capabilities. > I don't know LPRng exactly... Look at your LPRng docs and configs for > more on this. > > Anyway, what it amounts to is that LPRng (from your original message) > was complaining that your hostname was bad, AND this is a network > related issue. But, what if you don't have a network? Well, the > localhost has the loopback network address to kind of ?_simulate_? a > network (oversimplified description)... > > That is not *exactly* correct wrt the network stuff, but you get the > idea? Many programs will not operate correctly without this simple > loopback network interface. AND if you happen to start LPRng in an init-script before you run your localnet script, you will get the same error. Same reason, but it wouldn't matter if you had /etc/hosts or not. If you setup you /etc/hosts wrong, LPRng may actually try to access your computer over your IP address (not the localhost address), in which case you would get the error if you have a /etc/hosts file, you ran the localnet script before that of LPRng, and you ran whatever ethernet/DHCP script after the LPRng script. Greg -- "I will share all with you whenever you wish and do so without ambition, from which I am more exempt and more distant than any man in the world" Pierre de Fermat -- Unsubscribe: send email to listar at linuxfromscratch.org and put 'unsubscribe blfs-support' in the subject header of the message


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Home > Ledlenser > Hand Torches
This handsome Ledlenser T2 torch is ideally suited to professional, rugged use. With a high end Cree power LED and choice of two simple light settings of high or low, this is the kind of torch professional tradesman, security and emergency services personnel demand when they need a fast, dependable torch for everyday use.
RRP: £43.95|Save: £9.00
(Details shown apply to the default selection)
This handsome Ledlenser T2 torch is ideally suited to professional, rugged use.
With a high end Cree power LED and choice of two simple light settings of high or low, this is the kind of torch professional tradesman, security and emergency services personnel demand when they need a fast, dependable torch for everyday use.
With a maximum burn time of up to 30 hours, down to one lumen in low mode, this torch won't let you down.
Operational Modes
Power: 240 lumens; 4 hours run-time; 180 m beam rangeLow Power: 25 lumens; 30 hours run-time; 60 m beam range
Technical Details
Type: Professional hand-held torchLuminous Flux: Up to 240 lumensBeam Range: 180 mRun Time: Up to 30 hours (down to 1 lumen)LED: High end power LEDFocus: Fixed focusBatteries Required: 3 x AAA alkaline (included)Overall Length: 115 mmBody Diameter: 25 mmWeight: 98 gramsColours Available: BlackEnvironmental: Water resistant to IPX4 standardsBody Material: Aircraft grade aluminiumElectrical Contacts: Gold plated contactsSwitch Type: End cap switchWarranty: 5 yearsRegulatory Compliance: CE / RoHS
Packaging and ContentsSupplied in retail packaging and includes:T2 LED torch x 1Lanyard x 1AAA alkaline battery x 3
Duracell Plus Power gives you reliable performance and long-lasting power in a broad range of everyday devices. You can rely on Duracell Plus Power to power our range of AAA cell torches.
The Ledlenser gun mount is designed for use with certain Ledlenser torches and it allows the torch to be mounted to a gun or rifle. Fits the following models: Ledlenser Police Tech Focus, P7, P7.2, P7 2018, T7, T7.2, B7, M7, V2, L5, L6, L7, M7R, MT7, X7R, M8 and X14
Ledlenser Intelligent Belt Clip, perfect for hands free torch usage. Four different sizes available, please see full product description to see which options are available.
Please Note: A torch is not included with this item
Organise and store your AAA batteries in this Storacell hard plastic caddy. These holders were originally designed for pilots, but they are also great for camping, boating, travel or at home. [More details]
Had one before and new one is a replacment. I work in building maintenance and need to see into dark recesses. Good bright beam and torch can take a few knocks and falls.
Well-made torch with just the right amount of heft and lovely knurling on the barrel. Two light settings, very bright and less bright. The lower setting looks extremely practical and if it achieves the manufacturer's estimated battery life will make this a really useful torch.
Great product, excellent service!
Bright and shiny.
This is my second Led Lenser, as always the quality is excellent. This size torch is perfect for my overall chest pocket. Nice and slim. Had my torch engraved as well which is a real nice touch.
Exactly as described. Small enough to fit easily in your hand and in a jacket pocket. Well designed with an easy grip body which makes it very easy to keep a hold of if you are juggling a number of different items whilst trying to light your way. Good level of light with the two brightness options. Comes in a quality box with ready charged, rechargeable batteries and a wrist strap. Would make a good gift. Service from Torch Direct was excellent with an email sent to acknowledge receipt of my order and then another to confirm despatch. Arrived well packaged and quickly. Definitely happy to recommend them.
I have had the predecessor to this (V2) for a couple of years and it has done everything I want, and is still going strong. This new model is exactly the same but with the low power function. I expect this to be as good as the other model. Superb.
This torch is super powerful and easy to use single handed. Very happy with both the product and service!
The torch is everything I wanted, with excellent service keeping me updated at all times
This is a new website feature, so please use the form opposite if you do have any enquiries regarding the Ledlenser T2 LED Torch. This will help us generate a useful questions and answer section for each product.
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To qualify simply spend over £50 with us, on any one order, minus any delivery fees.You will then receive a Union 1 Watt Focusing LED Torch completely FREE!
The Ledlenser P2 is capable of 16 lumens output and is the perfect little torch for stowing in your handbag, backpack or attaching to your keys for small jobs on the go.
Elegant, economical and efficient, the Ledlenser P5E uses just one AA battery, yet has an incredible run-time of up to 20 hours (down to one lumen). Just over 100 mm long and weighing a mere 62 grams, its the perfect personal spotlight to carry in a pocket, uniform or bag.
The best selling Ledlenser P7.2 has been updated to the NEW Ledlenser P7, which is now capable of 450 lumens output on the highest power setting and no longer features the momentary boost to access the highest output.
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Top Cops: Profiles of Women In Command/
Guest blog by Marion E. Gold
Author of Top Cops: Profiles of Women in Command
Watch her interview on The Woman's Connection YouTube Vlog
I'm not a law enforcement officer, so readers may wonder why I chose policing as a book topic. Carrying the dubious title of "The Company Feminist," I broke—more like crashed—through the glass ceiling and landed in a lush corner office, complete with a mahogany desk, seat on the executive board, and a variety of other perks. I hired women into professional jobs, mentored them, and was even advised that onc day some man might sue the company and me for reverse discrimination.
It was a good fight, but a lonely one. Like the few other women in other companies who had reached senior executive positions, I was wounded by the flying shards of glass. I grew weary of climbing the same hill every day, and contending with the overt, but more often subtle discrimination levied at me and not only from the men. Even some of the younger women wondered why I didn't just become "one of the guys." Why did I care if they used gender slurs during meetings? Why did I care if women had to be "perfect" while some of the men were mediocre? Sound familiar?
I finally walked away from that corner office—but not to hide in some other corner. I decided to talk about it, write about it, and work from the "outside" to make a difference for women and minorities in the workplace. What better way to make my point than by writing about women who blasted through one of the five remaining professions virtually dominated by male stereotypes? I believe with all my heart that all career doors must be open to women—a career in policing is one of their options. More than that, women who choose law enforcement as a career must know that they will be mentored by the women already on the force, will be free from harassment, and will have equal opportunity with men to advance into command positions. Top Cops: Profiles of Women in Command is this feminists way of shining a light on just a few of an elite group of women in policing whose persistence and dedication place them among the trailblazers in law enforcement. They are not only mentors for women in law enforcement — they are examples for all women of how skill, dedication, and a much-needed sense of humor can succeed in breaking through a male-dominated "blue wall" in order to achieve command positions. Who are the women who have attained command positions? They are tall, short, sturdy, and petite. They are blond, brunette, redheaded, and gray-haired. They are from varied ethnic and racial backgrounds. There is no physical stereotype. But they do share some characteristics. Clarissa Pinkola Estes is a psychoanalyst and a storyteller. She wrote a book titled "Women Who Run With The Wolves." Estes says that as women have attempted to fit into society's rigid roles, they have allowed themselves to become over- domesticated, fearful, uncreative, and trapped. She also says that within every woman there is a wild and natural creature, a powerful force, filled with good instincts, passionate creativity, and ageless knowing. Estes calls her a "Wild Woman." I CALL HER A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER. In the interviews I conducted to write Top Cops, and in the many women officers I met and spoke to while writing the book, I saw those good instincts. I saw their passionate creativity and ageless knowing. Each of the women I spoke to showed an overwhelming sense of maintaining their identities—as strong, determined women who did not choose to succeed by being "one of the boys," and who believe strongly in individual responsibility. They see the world as it is, not as they wish it were. But at the same time, each has a clear focus on how it should be, and a truly burning desire to make a difference — one step at a time — and to make policing better — for themselves, for society—and sfor the women who will follow in their footsteps.
They were not afraid to fail — and all were eager to try something new. ALL OF THE
WOMEN I INTERVIEWED ALSO MADE A POINT OF SAYING THEY MAINTAINED THEIR FEMININTY — that was very important to them. Whether it was keeping their hair long, their fingernails polished, or ho\v they carried themselves. They felt no need to "swagger like the men — as one put it; or "drink with the guys" or "cuss" — as another said.
All of the women in Top Cops dared to dream — at first about becoming an officer, and later about being in command. This type of spirit, this courage, is evident in every one of the women I interviewed. They did not \wake up one morning and decide to take a leading role in the fight for equal rights in the \workforce. That role was foisted upon them by an unenlightened society, and by an occupation still clearly identified with masculine stereotypes. But each and every one of these wonderful women — these wonderful law enforcement officers — accepted the challenge, and encourage others to do the same! Is it easy? No. Is it worth it? Yes. In the words of Marian Wright Edelman: "If you don't like the way the world is, you change it. You have an obligation to change it. You just do it one step at a time."


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Sykosa Free Day!!
"Sykosa makes for some compelling reading. Older teens and adults alike will enjoy Ordoñez 's tale for its humor, realism and relatable protagonist." -- Kirkus Indie Review
The Reviews Are In
Syskosa by Justin Ordoñez is like a fresh breeze in the YA literature world. It is raw, blunt and real. When many of the YA books written are from fantasy or paranormal genres, Sykosa by Justin Ordonez writes about the reality young people face when becoming of age. It is well written, very direct and keeps nothing hidden. — IngaKS
Ordoñez expertly captures the inner worlds of both genders with ease. — Jill Allen, Clarion ForeWord Review
Ordoñez made a serious attempt at something near impossible and hardly described in western culture: the inner angst of a teenage girl. — CuriosityWins
This book really snuck up on me. Because during the time that I was reading it, I would find myself thinking about it when I was driving or doing other things. I would be mulling it over, trying to put the pieces together. — Libby Rodriguez, Libby's Book Blog
Get your FREE copy of Sykosa today only on Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/B007N709IG/
No eReader or Kindle? No problem. Get free apps for your Web Browser, PC, Mac, iPhone, iPad, BlackBerry, or Android Phone.
Here's the link to use:


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Yummy Pudding Cookies
A couple of weeks ago, I made a wonderful cookie that I'm sharing with you today. I got the recipe from one of my favorite sources, Maria Lichty of Two Peas and their Pod. This simple cookie packs a punch with not one but THREE types of chips. Are you ready to give Triple Chip Butterscotch Cookies a try? Say yes; you'll be glad that you did.
These cookies get their delightfully soft texture from instant pudding mix. Pudding mix also helps these cookies to stay soft for several days. Or so they say. I have no proof of that because these cookies were quickly gobbled up by my friends. You will also need butterscotch chips, vanilla chips and chocolate chips. Maria's recipe calls for semi-sweet chocolate chips but I used bittersweet chocolate chips instead. I really prefer bittersweet chocolate in my baking to the point that semisweet chocolate chips are too sweet for my taste.
First in a medium size bowl whisk together 2-1/2 cups of AP flour, 1 teaspoon of baking soda and 1/2 teaspoon salt. Set this mixture aside. Next, beat together 1 cup of softened butter (I used one stick of salted butter and one stick of unsalted butter), 3/4 cup of light brown sugar and 1/4 cup of granulated white sugar until light and fluffy. Add in one 3.4 ounce package of butterscotch instant pudding mix, 2 large eggs and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract. Then, add in your flour mixture and mix until combined. Stir in one cup of each chip (butterscotch, vanilla and chocolate, either semi-sweet or bittersweet, your choice) for a total of three cups of chips. That's a lot of chips!!
Scoop dough by rounded tablespoonful and drop on your parchment lined baking sheet. Bake in a preheated 350 degree oven for about 10 minutes or until the cookies are slightly golden on the edges and are set. I needed to bake my cookies a couple of minutes longer. Let the cookies cool on the pan for three minutes before removing them to cool completely.
The finished cookie here is nice and chunky; the dough does not spread that much. Just look at all those chips! There you have it! A wonderful cookie to share any time of year. I hope that you give these tasty treats a try. Happy baking, dear friends!


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Thursday, January 17, 2013
Cutter v. Smuggler
The New York Council for the Humanities has provided a partial funding grant to create the augmented reality (AR) channel "Cutter v. Smuggler" for the Augmented Incidents of the War of 1812 series by Kathleen Hulser, public historian, and Steve Bull, user experience designer and AR coder. Harvestworks is the fiscal sponsor for the Hulser/Bull team. The channel "Cutter v. Smuggler" will be available for FREE to the public by the Junaio Augmented Reality Browser. For more information on this Hulser/Bull project read their blog at The War of 1812 - 1814.
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Marriage needs at least three different kinds of support: preparation, prayer, and practical advice. Through this blog, I'm trying to offer all three. Please join in the community and add to the conversation, so that we can all support each other.
Tuesday, April 2, 2013
Grand Opening of Spanish Blog! (News and Notes)
After much behind-the-scenes work, the Spanish version of the Can We Cana? blog is up and running. The final title choice is Comencemos en Caná: Para Vivir el Sacramento del Matrimonio. Roughly translated into English, this means We Begin in Cana: In Order to Live the Sacrament of Matrimony. Many thanks to my family and friends from Spain and Latin America who helped me to find the perfect title.
The Spanish blog address is http://comencemosencana.blogspot.com. The first post dedicates the new blog to our already-beloved Pope Francis. I have created separate Spanish groups (or circles) of my Spanish-speaking friends on Facebook and Google+, so that I can publicize blogposts from Comencemos en Caná only to the people who might be most interested. If you want to know when there's a new Spanish post up on the blog, please tell me so that I can add you to those groups. And please spread the word to your Spanish-speaking friends. Articles, comments, and ideas are welcome!
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The boys are back on the Mic talking all about User Interfaces. The good, the bad, the ugly (erm...Xbox), and the future of UI!
Intro/ News
Follow Up
- Jim is all better and doesn't have to use the cough button nearly as much!
- Look, calendar is hard but Lew has got it under control.
User Interfaces
Current UI Paradigms
Job stuff
- Windows Command Prompt
- Winblows aka Windows
- Blackberry
- Jim's Nemesis, Xbox aka Winblows aka Windows
- Calibre
- Skype old
- Skype new
Future of UI
Wrap Up
Opening Song by Steven James
Find more of his work on... Bandcamp - SoundCloud - Facebook


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Summer Sundays are perfect for a few things: being lazy, enjoying the sunshine, and trips to the countryside. Whilst I like being in London, I also like venturing out every now and again and enjoy some actual and real fresh air - you know, the non-polluted kind. So, yesterday Monsieur and I set of on our bikes (no, the irony with reference to the pollution isn't lost on me) into the Kent countryside. We stopped for a stroll in Chartwell and then moved on to this beautiful and traditional tea room.
Having a traditional afternoon tea in the countryside is one of those immense pleasures that feel quite special as it's simply not something I indulge in on a regular basis. It's the kind of thing that makes me feel like I've stepped away from reality and back in time. It's comfortingly old-fashioned and for me one of the most British traditions. Sandwiches with smoked salmon and cucumber, scones with clotted cream and strawberry jam, cakes and tea. All beautifully presented and served outside on a green lawn in the warm sunshine. Surely one of the best things to enjoy on a Sunday?
Now for something different: the cushion giveaway! Thank you so much for all your entires. I've counted 18 (and City Girl at Heart, yes, I've added the feedly follow) and have used the highly scientific method of a folded piece of paper for each from which Monsieur had the honour to pull one winner. And the winner is... Sue from Sweetpea Family. Congratulations! Please email me our address. Sorry to everybody else, I wish I had one for each of you.


text: What a beautiful opening ceremony for the Olympics! I know there was a lot of discussion about how anyone could pull off another opening ceremony and not have it compared to Bejing, but Canada did it, big time! I loved every moment, and thought it particularly nice that Rick Hansen was one of the torch bearers.


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Must Learners Receive Money for Grades that are Good?
Parents have been paying learners for qualities for many years, but the development is currently currently finding on despite the schools. So that you can cause them to succeed in reality, some faculties are actually supplying money offers with their pupils.go to these guys The question remains Is it surely good for individuals, or is it basically only damaging them while in the long run? Does it effect their development or is it just another method to make them for your street ahead? Read on the professionals and negatives, and decide for oneself. There are also additional motivator suggestions additionally available to try. Study up using an online course to find out more about schooling for children on individual growth.
Of spending money on Levels and Negatives the Good Qualities Below is a listing of positives and negatives involved in spending individuals for grades. Each youngster is different therefore it;s important when examining cons and the professionals to think about your youngster. Just you will learn when deciding touse income being an incentive to your child, if the poor outweighs the good. Pro: A Reason Many reports demonstrate that people works harder when they . Cash is an excellent motivation if you have something you need or want to purchase. Paying pupils for grades that were good has proven to motivate them obtain qualities that were better yet and to work harder. Find out about nurturing using an online type. Professional: Help for Community and Underprivileged Kids It is wellknown that numerous youngsters and underprivileged homes possess a large drop-out pace. Normally, this is because household desires demand them to soar quickly right into a work, irrespective of how small that job may spend. They have the period and vitality to visit university, since the needs of the task get, and they possibly drop-out right while they obtain a career or fundamentally drop-out. Studies have shown that paying students for qualities provides expect under-privileged minorities and youngsters. Time Newspaper reviewed the review completed by MDRC in Louisiana that presented cash incentives' results. Accordingto this study, students not merely enrolled in more courses but in addition were less unlikely to preserve a C average. There have been actually psychological gains. Learn how to utilize the legislation of appeal for better nurturing with this online class.
Pro Freedom There are certainly a large number of of individuals making at no idea about funds to senior school. They occasionally have it and ask for it should they want anything. A lot of today's kids believe that they are able to pretty much get and never have to work with it whatever they want. Obtaining money for grades reveals them they've to truly function to get something. That child may then learn the worthiness of the own buck, if parents operate to decrease the things purchased for your youngster that are desires. They' ll find that goods that are more expensive could't be ordered on that same-day that they wish them-and start to learn to save. Parents also needs to encourage a family savings to be opened up by them with all the money-they get from their grades. Professional Training The entire world works on the indisputable fact that you do work and can get paid for this. Many universities work with the concept that students do their task and get settled using a superior rank. this doesn;t usually work with learners. Going for profit exchange of the quality that is good reveals them that performing a good occupation has its benefits. This is often ideal for these pupils that actually desire employment but aren't nevertheless not young enough to acquire one. Learn the-art of parenting by having an online type. Con: Short Term Answer For all pupils, paying them for marks proves to be just a short-term solution to a challenge that is greater. Various youngsters do better with being paid for grades than others. A young child who already features a want to discover may continue to learn even though money isn't concerned. Also then your work may eventually outnumber the power for them, although the bucks will be worked harder exclusively for by a kid without any want to learn.
Disadvantage: Morality Money bribes as legally wrong are seen by several, irrespective of how small exactly what or the amount the amount is for. Establishing your youngster as much as take money bribes today can end up being detrimental within their near future. You never understand what they could agree to for cash's offer simply next. Read up with this online report to know precisely what your youngster is currently contemplating on child development theories. Scam: Money vs. Understanding As stated if money is not presented a young child with a desire to understand will continue to master even. the incentive presented will be only learnt due to by a child with no want to understand. The task will end up outweighing the advantage in the long run, and they're going to quickly quit as hard. If you want to use money as a motivation for your youngster's education and you also're aware they're not considering learning anyway, anticipate to be forking out a great deal of dough as they rise in schooling level. Credits that are other to Use There are a amount of additional incentives you can try and encourage your child to acquire excellent levels, in the event the positives just aren't outweighing the negatives foryou. A child who wants to understand will study no matter motivator, nevertheless they likely merely excel in themes they enjoy. Consider offering an incentive from the list below for all those subjects they tend to shy from. When you have these bonuses could give that drive while in the appropriate way to love understanding to them. Getting Levels Something Certainly a significant number are of organizations out there that provide returns to individuals for levels that are good, and 't require income is donned by these advantages. Check with the firms locally to find out the things they supply permanently levels. Several cycle organizations also provide benefits to pupils, by putting a quick telephone call with their corporate office this information on their website or and you may often discover. A few of these bonuses will have to be started through the institution take all that data for your meeting that is next and thus be sure to do your investigation.
Special Dessert or Food Perhaps your youngster features food or a special delicacy they appreciate that you add' t or produce very often. Celebrate their superior grades giving them that exclusive food item. It might simply prove to be the motivator they need, also 't bust your wallet either was won by it. Go for a Special Journey Consider your child someplace instructional he loves such as a memorial, the zoo. Not just will they understand much more, but they'll have some fun. , they;ll imagine they're getting paid for their superior qualities, and also you ll be pleased to notice them spouting fresh details they discovered out while on their special day. Night While that superior record card will come in, take your child out to the movies, or approach an in-home movie night. Make it as actual as you can with popcorn and soda. You can even design film passes. Put in place, and permit pretend money is used by your young ones they received with their grades that were good to purchase their snacks. Buy Something Special Maybe you;ve found your child eyeing that model that is new to your adolescent, or the TV is scratching to get a fresh game for his system. If they buy a fantastic record card, by purchasing that exclusive product reward them having a small surprise they wished. Concerned with rewarding him with time wasters? Just take him for the nearby bookstore, and invite him to choose any guide he likes. You may even consider an educational toy. Enjoy the Institution Year's Conclusion If you;re eager about fulfilling your youngster every fraction with every document card, consider a conclusion-of-the- gathering if they get levels that are superior through the entire year. Enable them pick the supper that'll be offered at the party out, and ask their buddies. If the other parents are for it, supply incentives for that children when they deliver their report cards with great grades instead of offering gifts or favors for activities.
Final Notice There be might be simply the thing to your kid, or it might not a financial bonus. it;s up to you to decide that as your child will be known by just you well-enough to decide. Perhaps try it for starters school-year, and maintain it up if it functions. Should you discover your youngster starts to slack even with the promise of money, take the money motivation away and provide another thing instead. The incentives in the above list are just a brief listing of fantastic suggestions. Post your own personal suggestions within the comments below.