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How long have you been looking at your phone today? How many times did you look away from the person you were speaking to, so as to direct your attention back to your device? How are you reading this article now, on your computer, iPad, or phone? Aren't we all looking for a little bit more engagement, a little more connectivity? Let's try something else.
Asia Bay, Boao, Hainan Island, tucked away in the South China Sea, is home to our friends at Kitesurf China. Now whether or not you are a pro rider, or have never heard of kite surfing before is irrelevant- let's take a little look at Boao.
I'm always happy to be heading back out here. It is in a way, a kind of nowhere, famous for various things but nothing in particular, which is what really holds the appeal. It's an undiscovered treasure, thick palms spread throughout the countryside only clearing for small towns, and stretches of white sandy beach.
There's certainly something very 'zen' about the whole experience. Let's talk about kiting. No engines or motors, no fuel, just the minimal tools you need to ride the wind and waves. The kite is your engine, the wind your fuel, and the board your sedan. As soon as you hit the water that's it, your mind clears. It has to be one of the most effective relaxation exercises in the world.
When I first moved to Hainan Island, the kite surfers at Asia Bay were the first and best friends I made. Having barely any knowledge of kite surfing, I wasn't sure what to expect from my first visit. I have to say, it was the community that first made me fall in love with the sport. All of these people from all over the world, who travel almost obsessively based on where the wind is going. It sounded like the most romantic idea in the world to me, pack up your kite bag and follow the wind. The friends I met on that first day told me stories from all corners of the globe- from Morocco to Cape Town, Taiwan to Sri Lanka, West Indies to the West Coast of America.
From that first day I was hooked. It was impossible to curb what was sure to now be my new greatest passion. Each trip back to the school was more intoxicating than the last. The thing about kite surfing is that as soon as that kite is attached to your harness, it's almost impossible to think of anything else. In today's hectic world, few are the moments of calm where we can find the means to leave our constant struggles behind. Out on the water though, we can finally allow ourselves to be completely present. This is total engagement.
The next greatest thing about kite surfing is that you don't have to be anyone or anything in particular to be able to kite. Asia Bay has seen every type of rider, from age 6 to 76, girls, boys, men women, big, small, and with varying degrees of athleticism (personally I was at the far lower end of the spectrum when it comes to athletic ability…). This is what's so great- kiting is for everyone.
So put down your device. Thankfully, nobody has made a waterproof iPhone yet... So turn off your phone. While everybody else says "later", be the person who says "now". Pump a kite and come to the water, just bring your sense of adventure and Kitesurf China will take care of the rest. We'll see you there.
Tags:Lifestyle Expat Tales Travel Teaching & Learning Arts & Entertainment
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I didn't know there is a Kitesurf-movement in China. I was always for the lookout of doing windsurfing, but couldn't find it. Is this a good spot for windsurfing too? In any case I shall stop by soon
Sep 20, 2015 05:30 Report Abuse
Cool free advertisement.
Apr 19, 2015 15:23 Report Abuse


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*Lizards-General Forum
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D.E. and herps
While sifting around through the basement i found a bucket of diatomaceous earth. What it basically is is the ground up shells of diatoms that can dehydrate and cut up parasites. Reading around has given many good answers on the food grade diatomaceous earth and other pets like dogs, cats and chickens. On the reptile side everyone is hesitant on the fact of what if it dehydrated the animal. However nobody dared to discuss dosage. Would coating a few feeder insects in food grade diatomaceous earth and coating the rest in calcium powder once a week be good for killing internal parasites without harming the animal? Opinions please
|07/13/16 04:41pm

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Weekly Word - 6/17/2013/
Irv Gerlich Memorial Ryder Cup - Registration Deadline June 19
Captain Kevin Wood and Captain John Bruckshaw invite you to play in the 19th Annual Irv Gerlich Memorial Ryder Cup. The 2013 matches will be August 9 - 11. To be eligible for the 2013 Ryder Cup, you must:
- Be a member of Lake Panorama National Golf Course.
- Have a current USGA handicap.
- Have played AND posted scores for a minimum of ten, 18-hole rounds from July 1, 2012 through July 1, 2013.
- Be available at the following times: August 8: 6:30 p.m. - 9 p.m.; August 9: Tee Times Start at 10 a.m.; August 10: 11 a.m.; August 11: Tee Times Start at 11 a.m.
Cost to participate is $170. To be entered you must drop off a signed registration form with check, made payable to '2013 Ryder Cup', or cash to the pro shop. This must be done by the deadline of June 19, no exceptions. More details for the event may be found online.
Volunteers Needed for Iowa Open
The 2013 Brokers International, Ltd. Iowa Open will be Aug. 16-18. More than 150 volunteers, who will wear shirts, hats and visors sporting the Brokers International, Ltd. Iowa Open logo, are needed to assist players and spectators throughout the three-day tournament. Volunteers will be provided water and a noon meal at Spikes each day they work.
Everyone who volunteers must complete a form showing the days and times they can work. The forms are available online at www.iowaopen.com or at the LPN pro shop. Kathy De Lucca and Ed McCollom are coordinating volunteers. For more information, contact De Lucca at 641-755-3116 or McCollom at 515-314-5000.
Panorama Pee Wee and Junior Open - June 23
To be eligible to participate, you must be a member of the Iowa PGA Junior Tour or Pee Wee Tour. Deadline to register with the Iowa PGA is June 18.
The Pee Wee is a tournament for all boys and girls ages 5 - 11. This is an excellent opportunity for junior players to enjoy the game of golf, regardless of skill level, in a fun and relaxed environment. More information and registration for this event may be found online.
LPN also is hosting the 5th Annual Lake Panorama Junior Open, on the same day. This is an Iowa PGA Junior Tour Event. Information and registration for the Junior Open may be found online.
2-Gal Invitational - June 20
A few slots remain for the 16th annual LPN 2-Gal Invitational on Thursday. This 18-hole, two-gal best shot tournament begins with registration at 8 a.m. and a shotgun start at 9 a.m. Entry fees of $30 per person for LPN members and $50 for non-members cover continental breakfast, golf, lunch and awards. A registration form is available here. Call the pro shop for more information.
LPN Solheim Registration Deadline - June 27
The registration deadline for the 14th annual LPN Solheim tournament is June 27. The event will be Sunday, Aug. 25, with a kickoff following women's league on Aug. 22. "Eat-Sleep-Golf" is the theme for this year's event, being organized by Captains Danna Krambeer and Susan Thompson.
Two-person teams will be formed and compete in three formats – six holes each of better ball, alternate shot, and best shot. Participants must be LPN members. The entry fee is $65, which covers the cost of a team shirt, prizes, kickoff event, 18-holes of tournament golf and an awards dinner for participants and spouse/significant other. Registration form is here.
1st Annual Glow Ball Tournament - June 28
This 9-hole tournament will shotgun start at 9:30 p.m. with cocktails and awards following golf. Registration begins at 8:30 p.m. This event is limited to the first 18 paid teams. Cost is $120 per team, which includes golf with cart, glow balls and prizes. LPN golf members may have non-members on their team at a cost of $50 per player. An entry from for this event may be found online.
Career Opportunity Available - Director of Accounting
The Lake Panorama Association is seeking an experienced accountant to serve as the Director of Accounting. Qualified candidates will possess a Bachelor's Degree in Accounting or equivalent work experience. Current CPA certification and experience in Human Resources are a plus.
The Director of Accounting is a key member of the management team and is responsible for all accounting functions related to LPA and its subsidiary, Lake Panorama National (LPN, LLC). Responsibilities include preparation of monthly financial statements, assistance with annual budget preparation, cash flow analysis, payroll processing, employee benefits administration, sales and use tax processing, and management of accounts receivable and payable. The Director of Accounting also will work with external audit firm to support timely completion of audits, compliance reporting and tax reporting.
LPA offers an excellent work environment, a competitive salary and a comprehensive benefit package.
Interested candidates please send resume, cover letter and at least one letter of reference to:
John Rutledge, General Manager
Lake Panorama Association
P.O. Box 157, 5006 Panorama Drive
Panora, IA 50216
Email submissions accepted at: email@example.com
Tournament Details/Results Available Online
Many tournaments are held throughout the season at the LPN. Some are for members only, while others are open to the public. Results of past events, plus details on most upcoming tournaments, are available online.
Upcoming Golf Events
June 20: 2-Gal Invitational
June 21: Friday Couples
June 28: Glow Ball Tournament
July 4: 4th of July Couples
July 4: Long Drive Contest
August 9 - 11: 19th Annual Irv Gerlich Memorial Ryder Cup
August 25: 14th Annual LPN Solheim
June 17: Golf Course Closed until 5:30 p.m.
June 17: Front 9 Closed at 5:30 p.m.
June 18: Golf Course Closed until 1:30 p.m.
June 19: Golf Course Closed
June 20: Golf Course Closed until 1:45 p.m.
June 23: Golf Course Blocked from 12:45 p.m. - 6:30 p.m.


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December 13th, 2018
Enter here for a chance to win a 1-week Tulip Time River Cruise or a Paris & Normandy River Cruise. European cruises are fun because they drive on the other side of the water there. Good Luck!
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Entry Frequency: single
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Airfare NOT included!!
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Flight tickets to Comox from Calgary
If you're researching flight tickets to Comox from Calgary, you'll want to give WestJet a look. We're here to get you to CFB Comox as well as more than 150 other destinations across North and Central America, the Caribbean and Europe. But we don't simply get you from Point A to Point B; at WestJet, we make it our mission to provide caring, courteous service and the safest flight possible — all at an incredible value. Book your next trip with WestJet and find out how our exceptional guest care can serve you better.
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Several Gray Catbirds are still in Bryant Park. This one was hanging out on a table in front of Sixth Avenue waiting for, what else, table-service.
Though it is getting colder and fall migration is essentially over, I still spend fifteen to twenty minutes in Bryant Park in midtown Manhattan on my way to work, just to see what is still around. Some of the same individuals from my last post about Bryant Park are still lingering and a few other interesting birds have moved in. And, of course, some birds are always at Bryant Park. What have I seen lately? Read on and find out!
There are still at least two Ovenbirds hanging around and they have gotten more and more tame. This one was sitting in the sun on Friday morning, which was rather cold, and it had no problem with my getting down on the ground next to it for a portrait.
Yeah, I never thought I would get a picture like this of an Ovenbird's eye either.
Feral Pigeons and House Sparrows are in the park year-round in numbers. Oddly, European Starlings are a real rarity in Bryant Park.
White-throated Sparrows might outnumber House Sparrows in the winter months. The occasional Swamp Sparrow is nice too.
So far, it looks like the only wood-warbler other than Ovenbird that will attempt to winter this year is Common Yellowthroat. There are still at least two, and probably more, trying to find enough to eat.
Yeah, the Common Yellowthroats are getting pretty tame too.
My favorite bird of my last couple of visits to Bryant Park, an American Woodcock I found day-roosting in one the planted borders. It's been relatively easy to find for the last several days and a bunch of birders have had the chance to see it.
Wow! I think I can see that Overbird's brain!
I was going to say "Wow, Ovenbird!" but then … "WOW! Woodcock!!!" FTW, naturally.
I've never seen a Wood Cock before. You think it'll stick around? Might have to venture out tomorrow AM.
© 2013 10,000 Birds. All words, images, and opinions are the property of their respective authors unless stated otherwise.


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Fayette County
Bluegrass Pipeline opponents brace for the possibility of more pipeline proposals
Plans for the Bluegrass Pipeline were halted in April, but opponents of other natural gas liquids pipelines aren't stopping to rest.
A meeting Saturday in Lexington will focus on issues surrounding natural gas liquids, landowner rights and what local governments can do to protect their citizens.
Billed as "The Pipelines, Fracking and Kentucky's Future Beyond Fossil Fuels Summit," the meeting will be held at Locust Trace AgriScience Center on Leestown Road.
Organizer Chris Schimmoeller of Franklin County said she anticipates that 100 or more people will attend.
"We've got 60 solid (advance registrants), and other people have told me they're coming," she said.
"After we defeated the Bluegrass Pipeline, we realized that other pipelines are coming down the pike," Schimmoeller said. "We wanted to hold an event to help educate our neighbors about this. We didn't want to just go back to our own backyards and feel satisfied."
Bluegrass Pipeline was a joint venture of Boardwalk Pipeline Partners and the Williams Cos. Inc. to bring natural gas liquids from Pennsylvania to Gulf Coast processing plants.
That pipeline would have gone through 13 Kentucky counties before connecting with existing pipelines in Breckinridge County. From there, the liquids would have headed south in an existing pipe.
Bluegrass Pipeline would have carried flammable ethane, propane, butane, isobutene and pentane liquids used by the agriculture, petrochemical and plastics industries and for home heating.
During public meetings, residents expressed concerns about explosions or leaks that could pollute underground water sources, given the karst topography that honeycombs the limestone under much of the region.
After much debate and a Franklin Circuit Court ruling that said the companies could not use eminent domain to take private property for construction, Boardwalk and Williams announced in April that they were suspending plans for Bluegrass Pipeline.
If there was any remaining doubt about the project, Boardwalk president and CEO Stanley Horton said this week that, "with regard to Bluegrass, we have agreed with (Williams Cos. Inc.) to dissolve those related joint ventures."
But other projects have been proposed that would affect Kentucky.
Kinder Morgan Energy Partners and MarkWest Utica EMG LLC announced plans last year to convert 1,000 miles of the Tennessee Gas Pipeline. It carries natural gas from Greenup County in northeastern Kentucky through Morehead and Campbellsville to the Tennessee line. The plan is to convert or "repurpose" that line to transport natural gas liquids.
And therein is a dilemma. Bluegrass Pipeline was a brand new line that required the companies to negotiate and acquire easements in face-to-face meetings with landowners and then spend millions to build the line.
"With the Tennessee gas line, they already have easements in place that are probably pretty broadly written to let the company get by with changing the substance that flows through the pipe," Schimoeller said.
The proposed conversion of the Tennessee Gas Pipeline would require approval from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, which regulates the transmission of natural gas. A spokeswoman for the agency said Thursday that no application had yet been filed for conversion of the pipeline.
Other projects could be coming. A drilling technique known as hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking," has unlocked vast gas reserves in Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. That controversial practice pumps water and chemicals underground to break up shale rock and release the natural gas that lies inside.
"It is booming right now," Schimmoeller said." The fact is, they're going to be producing a lot more, and they have to get these liquids to the Gulf Coast refineries. So there will very likely be other pipeline proposals, and Kentucky just needs to be educated and prepared. We're hoping to get some public officials at this summit to educate them about what is possible within the parameters of state law to safeguard people."
Workshops and presentations at the Lexington summit will look at fracking in Kentucky, the possibilities of renewable energy, and landowner rights.
Schimoeller said it was exciting to work with a grass-roots effort to speak out against the Bluegrass Pipeline.
"I hope we are able to continue a robust discussion with a larger group, that the discussion extends beyond that conversation that started among citizens in those 13 counties," she said. "I hope it extends to more people in Kentucky so we can create a more broad network who understand what this is about."


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We Are Stepping On Someone's Toes. But Whose Toes?I am sure you are all following the recent stream of anti-DRDO articles written by Shiv Aroor in the Indian Express. You also probably know that there have been a number of other articles which have been written by retired military types in recent times. The articles on their own have no merit, and while the Shiv Aroor's write up is obviously a "lifafa" piece, the articles by retired military types are a little unusual. Something is out of place, as my friend who reads newspapers would say.
A reasonable person might correctly be led to conclude that something big is moving in the world that cannot be seen.
A surge of anti-DRDO articles appears in the media everytime around a major foreign arms supplier in India changes its agent in India. The new middleman tries to prove his/her worth by paying off a journalist to write something nasty about DRDO. The Western arms supplier is apparently easily convinced that this kind of blatant psyops is sufficient to shake the MOD's confidence in itself and is more likely to push the MOD towards a purchase from that particular supplier. Though the Bofors deal led to a ban on middlemen, the practice continues, as the Tehelka scam demonstrated a few years ago.
From the journalist's perspective, this is easy money. Its not like anyone is going to audit the journalist, and even if they do, the newspaper which recieved a cut will raise a hue and cry about how its people are being hounded and freedom of the press is being curtailed etc... its all a well oiled scam. Many people swallowed up the Tehelka hidden camera footage, and no one asked the question who paid Tehelka to do this. If people are stupid, then the press can't be blamed for exploiting them. There is no law against what the press is doing, you can't make laws against things like that. Journalists unlike so many others, know they are only a single level above the CSWs on Lamington Road so there are no qualms about doing things like this and while someone may seem like an objective and reasonable voice on these matters otherwise, there is nothing to say that person is not simply putting on a show to get the credibility necessary to do a lifafa piece.
The Arms supplier knows he has to pay bribes to get the deal through. That's the way the machine works - everywhere. All the supplier hopes to achieve is to lower the bribe he has to pay and increase the bribe that his competitor has to pay. This helps choose the agent. The agent chooses the journalist. The journalist chooses the story and the story chooses the audience. That's how this racket works.
Okay now that I have said is a racket, I feel we still have to ask ourselves who exactly is behind it. The current burst is too well coordinated to be a mere accident. This has been in the works for a while.
Some of you probably feel that Indian Express is close to the Pakistanis. After Stinky Dupatta's performance at Agra, you might very well think that. But would Pakistan really gain from printing anti-DRDO articles in the media? That is an open question.
Others would probably say given his Cohenist adulations, the IE is an American mouthpiece. Okay I am willing to consider the theory, but this needs to looked at in greater detail. Firstly the Aroor article has the following gripe embedded deep in it,
Instead of a pragmatic strategy to enhance national capabilities in research and development through international collaboration, the DRDO has tried to reinvent the wheel in the name of self-reliance. At the same time, it has packaged licensed production of foreign systems and domestic manufacture of primitive missiles like the Prithvi as great national achievements. Worse still, an ossified DRDO and obsolescent public sector defence production units are in no position to take advantage of the huge new opportunities that await them amidst the unfolding globalisation of the world's defence industry.
So is that what the Americans are trying to get us to do? "Collaborate" with them? That makes no sense to me. The Americans were the ones who shut off the collaboration valve the day they kicked out folks out of Los Alamos. Let them back in, and the valves will open automatically. This means that the Americans haven't realised that the valves are closed on their side? Could be... but then it wouldn't be a first.
Alternatively one might be inclined to think that the Israelis, the good friends of the Americans, and supposedly our great friends are upset with something and they paid for this. Okay lets say I buy that too, but what on earth do they want from us? they already have access to far better facilities than anything we have. What could we have they couldn't get access to themselves? lord knows we have more collaborations with them than anyone else.
What applies to the Israelis applies doubly well to the Russians. We have more codevelopment contracts with them than anyone else. Many people have a hard time telling where the Russian system ends and ours begins. So althought the communication channel is wrong, if the communication is of Russian origin, we may be doing something else that is upsetting them. The BR thread has my humshakal, identifying a possible cause for friction with Russian interests. The Karan (Tank Ex) could become a severe problem for the Russians. We have the ability to mass produce T-72s. The Arjun FCS (Fire Control System) contrary to rumors is far superior to anything you might get with a T-72 otherwise, so mate the two and you have a winner. Okay so even if we don't market it internationally, we restrict it to an upgrade of our T72s only, even then the T-90 deal is in trouble. Remeber the incessant whining about the Arjun has focussed on the chassis, the airconditioning and the FCS. If the FCS has been fixed, shifting to the T-72 chassis takes out 90% of the objections at source. The Army can't whine about the chassis being a problem if its been using the T-72 for ages! This means that anyone who wants to object to Tank Ex/Karan has to cast aspersions on DRDO's ability to deliver. If the person who wants to block the Karan makes a fuss about the FCS, then the DRDO guys will simply prove the FCS in again in any number of trials. Bottom line, if Arjun becomes any more accepted, say outside the Gandiv's boys, then Karan will ride alongside him, that means curtains for the T-90. Seems very plausible, but the channel completely wrong. Incidently I am sure you all noticed recent Pakistani Arms purchases from the Russians? or perhaps you noticed the accelerated Al-Khalid inductions? the Russians know how to talk, not via the IE, they wouldn't waste their time with the Aroors of the world.
That leaves the French, we aren't going to buy anything from them unless they give us lic. production rights. That means collaboration. They know "Veronique" must have told them that and we know it. They are satisfied with the Scorpene sale. So I am not very convinced that they have anything to be upset over. Correct me if I am wrong.
The only thing off the top that we don't do as a practice is share stuff we have been told not to share. For example, if we were do something with the Russians, then we wouldn't "collaborate" on the same thing with the Americans. That is asking for a bullet in the head.
Also if we have said we won't clone things, then we won't clone things. That assurance stands, and we know that changing that will bring sorrow.
So I am more than a bit baffled by the spurt. We are stepping on someones' toes, but I don't know who we are doing this to. Shiv Aroor/Amit Ranjan could clear this up by just coming out and saying it, but I don't think they are going to do it.
We are left therefore with a terrible guessing game, which I fear does not serve the interests of national security. That my friends is a cause for concern.


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1. Mariah Carey: Mimi is confirmed as Jennifer Lopez"s replacement as a judge on "American Idol" for a reported $18 million payday. Production may have to shift to midnight to meet this night owl"s schedule, but she is a great choice. Britney Spears feels underpaid.
2. Carly Rae Jepsen: As "Call Me Maybe" spends another week at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it the longest running No. 1 by a Canadian female (even Celine!), Jepsen gets some sweet, watery love from the U.S. Olympic swim team.
3. Emeli Sande: She"s already a star in the U.K., but her performance during the Olympics" opening ceremony kicked her from "bubbling under" to "next big thing" status in the U.S. Welcome the new "It" girl (If you didn't see it since NBC cut it out, check it out on the web).
4. "The Voice": Whoever is booking the mentors for the talent contest deserves a thumbs up and for everyone to turn their chair around in approval. Should "The Voice" ever decide to spin off another edition, it"s got your new set of coaches right here: Mary J. Blige, Michael Buble, Rob Thomas and Billie Joe Armstrong.
5. Universal Music Group: It moves another step closer to finalizing its acquisition of EMI after EMI"s chief Roger Faxon details what the company will sell off in order to meet European Commission approval…and it"s a lot.
6. Jason Aldean: Is it selling out if you change the name of the beer you"re already giving a free plug to in your song to one that will pay you money to name it instead? In 1992, yes. In 2012, it"s called good business.
7. Elton John: Reg Dwight tops the U.K. charts for first time in more than 20 years with "Good Morning To the Night," his collaboration with Pnau, an Australian electronica duo he allowed to play with his catalog.
8. Nas: Life is truly good for the rapper as his newest set, "Life Is Good" becomes his sixth to top the Billboard 200 and his ninth to top Billboard"s R&B album chart.
9. Madonna: The Material Girl is having a tough time of it. Even after the live streams for free an intimate show from Paris, fans complain that the concert wasn"t enough. For someone who has always loved to court controversy, between getting called out for the swastikas, the guns and the flashing, maybe she"s finally realized that not all press is good press, even when they spell MDNA right.
10. The Jackson Family: Really? Haven"t Michael Jackson"s kids been through enough. Take it off Twitter, take it out of the public arena. I know it"s never really been required of you, but act like adults.


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55.6 ▶ Questioner: What method of communication with the Orion entity would a negative bidder of this type use?
Ra: I am Ra. The two most usual types of bidding are: One, the use of perversions of sexual magic; two, the use of perversions of ritual magic. In each case the key to success is the purity of the will of the bidder. The concentration upon victory over the servant must be nearly perfect.
31.13 ▶ Questioner: Is there any emotional bias that has nothing to do with male/female sexual polarity that can create sexual energy buildup in an entity?
Ra: I am Ra. The sexual energy buildup is extremely unlikely to occur without sexual bias upon the part of the entity. Perhaps we did not understand your question, but it seems obvious that it would take an entity with the potential for sexual activity to experience a sexual energy buildup.
71.17 ▶ Questioner: The change in consciousness should result in a greater distortion towards service to others, toward unity with all, and toward knowing in order to serve. Is this correct, and are there any other desired results?
Ra: I am Ra. These are commendable phrases. The heart of white magic is the experience of the joy of union with the Creator. This joy will of necessity radiate throughout the life experience of the positive adept. It is for this reason that sexual magic is not restricted solely to the negatively oriented polarizing adepts but when most carefully used has its place in high magic as it, when correctly pursued, joins body, mind, and spirit with the One Infinite Creator.
Any purpose which you may frame should, we suggest, take into consideration this basic union with the One Infinite Creator, for this union will result in service to others of necessity.
32.10 ▶ Questioner: Can you expand a little bit on what you mean by "complete fusion nature?"
Ra: I am Ra. The entire creation is of the One Creator. Thus the division of sexual activity into simply that of the bodily complex is an artificial division, all things thusly being seen as sexual equally, the mind, the body, and the spirit; all of which are part of the polarity of the entity. Thus sexual fusion may be seen with or without what you may call sexual intercourse to be the complete melding of the mind, the body, and the spirit in what feels to be a constant orgasm, shall we say, of joy and delight each in the other's beingness.
42.17 ▶ Questioner: Was that in any way related to the Golden Dawn in ceremonial magic?
Ra: I am Ra. The relationship was congruency.
31.14 ▶ Questioner: I was thinking more of the possibility of the Orion group having influenced, say, certain members of the Third Reich who I have read reports of having sexual gratification from the observation of the, in some cases, the gassing and killing of entities in the gas chambers.
Ra: I am Ra. We shall repeat these entities had the potential for sexual energy buildup. The choice of stimulus is certainly the choice of the entity. In the case of which you speak, these entities were strongly polarized orange ray, thus finding the energy blockage of power over others, the putting to death being the ultimate power over others; this then being expressed in a sexual manner, though solitary.
In this case the desire would continue unabated and be virtually unquenchable.
You will find, if you observe the entire spectrum of sexual practices among your peoples, that there are those who experience such gratification from domination over others either from rape or from other means of domination. In each case this is an example of energy blockage which is sexual in its nature.
31.11 ▶ Questioner: Timothy Leary, doing research, wrote that at the time of puberty, and up through that time, there is an imprint occurring on the DNA coding of an entity and that, for instance, sexual biases are imprinted due to early sexual experiences or some of the first sexual experiences of the entity. Does anything like this actually happen?
Ra: I am Ra. This is partially correct. Due to the nature of solitary sexual experiences, it is in most cases unlikely that what you call masturbation has an imprinting effect upon later experiences.
This is similarly true with some of the encounters which might be seen as homosexual among those of this age group. These are often, instead, innocent exercises in curiosity.
However, it is quite accurate that the first experience in which the mind/body/spirit complex is intensely involved will indeed imprint upon the entity for that life experience a set of preferences.
84.9 ▶ Questioner: Thank you. Going back to the previous session, it was stated that each sexual activity was a transfer before the veil. I am assuming from that that you mean that there was a transfer of energy for each sexual activity before the veil which indicates to me that a transfer doesn't take place every time. Taking the case before the veil, would you trace the flow of energy that is transferred and tell me if that was the planned activity or a planned transfer by the designing Logos?
Ra: I am Ra. The path of energy transfer before the veiling during the sexual intercourse was that of the two entities possessed of green-ray capability. The awareness of all as Creator is that which opens the green energy center. Thusly there was no possibility of blockage due to the sure knowledge of each by each that each was the Creator. The transfers were weak due to the ease with which such transfers could take place between any two polarized entities during sexual intercourse.
79.32 ▶ Questioner: I'm sorry that I have much difficulty in asking these questions, but we're on material that I find somewhat difficult.
I find it interesting that the very first experiment of veiling Matrix from the Potentiator and vice-versa created service-to-self polarity. This seems to be a very important philosophical point in the development of the creation and possibly the beginning of a system of what we would call magic not envisioned previously.
Let me ask this question. Prior to the extension of first distortion was the magical potential of the higher densities as great as it is now when the greatest potential was achieved in consciousness for each density? This is difficult to ask. What I am saying is at the end of fourth density, prior to the extension of free will, was the magical potential, what we call magic, as great, or the ability, or the effect as great as it is now at the end of fourth density?
Ra: I am Ra. As you understand, if we may use this misnomer, magic, the magical potential in third and fourth density was then far greater than after the change. However, there was far, far less desire or will to use this potential.
72.16 ▶ Questioner: Is it possible to over-energize the instrument with sexual energy transfers?
Ra: I am Ra. No.
48.2 ▶ Questioner: I have a question from the instrument that I will read. "You have suggested several times that sexual energy transfers aid the instrument's vital energy and this contact. It seems that this is not true for all people; that the sexual circuitry and the spiritual circuitry are not the same. Is this instrument an anomaly, or is the positive effect of sexual activity on spiritual energy normal for all third-density beings?"
Ra: I am Ra. This instrument, though not anomalous, is somewhat less distorted towards the separation of mind, body, and spirit than many of your third-density entities. The energies of sexual transfer would, if run through the undeveloped spiritual electrical or magnetic complex which you call circuitry, effectually blow out that particular circuit. Contrarily, the full spiritual energies run through bodily complex circuitry will also adversely affect the undeveloped circuit of the bodily complex. Some there are, such as this instrument, who have not in the particular incarnation chosen at any time to express sexual energy through the bodily circuitry. Thus from the beginning of such an entity's experience the body and spirit express together in any sexual action. Therefore, to transfer sexual energy for this instrument is to transfer spiritually as well as physically. This instrument's magnetic field, if scrutinized by one sensitive, will show these unusual configurations. This is not unique to one entity but is common to a reasonable number of entities who, having lost the desire for orange- and green-ray* sexual experiences, have strengthened the combined circuitry of spirit, mind, and body to express the totality of beingness in each action. It is for this reason also that the social intercourse and companionship is very beneficial to this instrument, it being sensitive to the more subtle energy transfers.
* Ra said "green-ray," but presumably they meant "yellow-ray."
71.15 ▶ Questioner: Could you please comment on the accuracy of this statement? I'm going to generally talk about the concept of magic and first define it as the ability to create changes in consciousness at will. Is this an acceptable definition?
Ra: I am Ra. This definition is acceptable in that it places upon the adept the burden it shall bear. It may be better understood by referring back to an earlier query, in your measurement, within this working having to do with the unmanifested self. In magic one is working with one's unmanifested self in body, in mind, and in spirit; the mixture depending upon the nature of the working.
These workings are facilitated by the enhancement of the activation of the indigo-ray energy center. The indigo-ray energy center is fed, as are all energy centers, by experience but far more than the others is fed by what we have called the disciplines of the personality.
46.12 ▶ Questioner: A repression of what?
Ra: I am Ra. Any mind complex distortion which you may call emotional which is of itself disorganized, needs, in order to be useful to the negatively oriented entity, to be repressed and then brought to the surface in an organized use. Thus you may find for instance, negatively polarized entities controlling and repressing such basic bodily complex needs as the sexual desire in order that in the practice thereof the will may be used to enforce itself upon the other-self with greater efficiency when the sexual behavior is allowed.
84.17 ▶ Questioner: I see. Before the veil, can you describe any other physical difference that we haven't talked about yet with respect to the sexual energy transfers or relationships or anything prior to veiling?
Ra: I am Ra. Perhaps the most critical difference of the veiling, before and after, was that before the mind, body, and spirit were veiled, entities were aware that each energy transfer and, indeed, very nearly all that proceeds from any intercourse, social or sexual, between two entities has its character and substance in time/space rather than space/time. The energies transferred during the sexual activity are not, properly speaking, of space/time. There is a great component of what you may call metaphysical energy transferred. Indeed, the body complex as a whole is greatly misunderstood due to the post-veiling assumption that the physical manifestation called the body is subject only to physical stimuli. This is emphatically not so.
79.3 ▶ Questioner: She would also like to ask if the very large energy transfer of last session was a sexual transfer in total?
Ra: I am Ra. This is correct.
73.22 ▶ Questioner: Could you define this statement "energy transfer between two mind/body/spirit complexes?"
Ra: I am Ra. This will be the last full query of this working. This entity still has transferred energy available, but we find rapidly increasing distortions towards pain in the neck, the dorsal area, and the wrists and manual appendages.
The physical energy transfer may be done numerous ways.
We shall give two examples. Each begins with some sense of the self as Creator or in some way the magical personality being invoked. This may be consciously or unconsciously done. Firstly, that exercise of which we have spoken called the exercise of fire: this is, though physical energy transfer, not that which is deeply involved in the body complex combinations. Thusly the transfer is subtle and each transfer unique in what is offered and what is accepted. At this point we may note that this is the cause for the infinite array of possible energy transfers.
The second energy transfer of which we would speak is the sexual energy transfer. This takes place upon a non-magical level by all those entities which vibrate green ray active. It is possible, as in the case of this instrument which dedicates itself to the service of the One Infinite Creator, to further refine this energy transfer. When the other-self also dedicates itself in service to the One Infinite Creator, the transfer is doubled. Then the amount of energy transferred is dependent only upon the amount of polarized sexual energy created and released. There are refinements from this point onward leading to the realm of the high sexual magic.
In the realm of the mental bodies there are variations of mental energy transferred. This is, again, dependent upon the knowledge sought and the knowledge offered. The most common mental energy transfer is that of the teacher and the pupil. The amount of energy is dependent upon the quality of this offering upon the part of the teacher as regards the purity of the desire to serve and the quality of information offered and, upon the part of the student, the purity of the desire to learn and the quality of the mind vibratory complex which receives knowledge.
Another form of mental energy transfer is that of the listener and the speaker. When the speaker is experiencing mental/emotional complex distortions towards anguish, sorrow, or other mental pain, from what we have said before, you may perhaps garner knowledge of the variations possible in this transfer.
The spiritual energy transfers are at the heart of all energy transfers as a knowledge of self and other-self as Creator is paramount, and this is spiritual work. The varieties of spiritual energy transfer include those things of which we have spoken this day as we spoke upon the subject of the adept.
Are there any brief queries before we leave this working?
31.15 ▶ Questioner: Would the Orion group, then, be able, shall we say, to impress on entities this orange-ray effect, or did they… Is this the way that this came about, is what I'm trying to get at. Is this the way these concepts came about on this planet? Because if we go back to the beginning of third density, there must be a primal cause of this.
Ra: I am Ra. The cause of this is not Orion. It is the free choice of your peoples. This is somewhat difficult to explain. We shall attempt.
The sexual energy transfers and blockages are more a manifestation or example of that which is more fundamental than the other way about. Therefore, as your peoples became open to the concepts of bellicosity and the greed of ownership, these various distortions then began to filter down through the tree of mind into body complex expressions, the sexual expression being basic to that complex. Thus these sexual energy blockages, though Orion influenced and intensified, are basically the product of the beingness chosen freely by your peoples.
This will be the final question unless we may speak further upon this question to clarify, or answer any short queries before we close.
87.22 ▶ Questioner: OK. In our particular illusion, the sexual potential, it seems, for the male peaks somewhere prior to age twenty and the female some ten years later. What is the cause of this difference in peaking sexual energy, I will say?
Ra: I am Ra. We must make clear distinction between the yellow-ray, third-density, chemical bodily complex and the body complex which is a portion of the mind/body/spirit complex. The male, as you call this polarity, has an extremely active yellow-ray desire at the space/time in its incarnation when its sperm is the most viable and full of the life-giving spermata. Thusly the red ray seeks to reproduce most thickly at the time when this body is most able to fulfill the red-ray requirements.
The yellow-ray, chemical body complex of the female, as you call this polarity, must needs have a continued and increasing desire for the sexual intercourse for it can only conceive once in one fifteen to eighteen month period, given that it carries the conceived body complex, bears it, and suckles it. This is draining to the physical body of yellow ray. To compensate for this the desire increases so that the yellow-ray body is predisposed to continue in sexual congress, thus fulfilling its red-ray requirement to reproduce as thickly as possible.
The more, shall we say, integral sexuality or polarity of the body complex, which is a portion of the mind/body/spirit complex, does not concern itself with these yellow-ray manifestations but rather follows the ways of the seeking of energy transfer and the furthering of aid and service to others or to the self.
31.10 ▶ Questioner: Roughly how many previous incarnations, shall we say, would a male entity in this incarnation have had to have had in the past as a female to have a highly homosexual orientation in this incarnation? Just roughly.
Ra: I am Ra. If an entity has had roughly 65% of its incarnations in the sexual/biological body complex, the opposite polarity to its present body complex, this entity is vulnerable to the aura infringement of your urban areas and may perhaps become of what you call an homosexual nature.
It is to be noted at this juncture that although it is much more difficult, it is possible in this type of association for an entity to be of great service to another in fidelity and sincere green-ray love of a nonsexual nature thus adjusting or lessening the distortions of its sexual impairment.
71.16 ▶ Questioner: I will state that the objective of a white magical ritual is to create a change in consciousness of a group. Is this correct?
Ra: I am Ra. Not necessarily. It is possible for what you term white magic to be worked for the purpose of altering only the self or the place of working. This is done in the knowledge that to aid the self in polarization towards love and light is to aid the planetary vibration.
11.11 ▶ Questioner: Did this enable them to do what we refer to as magic? Do paranormal things while they were incarnate here?
Ra: I am Ra. This is correct. The first two entities mentioned made little use of these abilities consciously. However, they were bent single-mindedly upon service to self, sparing no efforts in personal discipline to double, re-double and so empower this gateway. The third was a conscious adept and also spared no effort in the pursuit of service to self.
64.12 ▶ Questioner: Now, am I correct in assuming that whatever magic the adept would perform would be more successful or, shall we say, more to his design than that performed at less opportune times in the cycle?
Ra: I am Ra. This cycle is an helpful tool to the adept but as we said, as the adept becomes more balanced the workings designed will be dependent less and less upon these cycles of opportunity and more and more even in their efficacy.
95.19 ▶ Questioner: Thank you. In the last session you made a statement about the immature male meeting the female with respect to what occurred because of the veil: that the information exchange was quite different. Would you give an example of the information exchange prior to the veil for this same case, please?
Ra: I am Ra. Given this same case; that is, the random red-ray sexual arousal being activated in both male and female, the communication would far more likely have been to the subject of the satisfying of that red-ray, sexual impulse. When this had occurred other information such as the naming could be offered with clear perception. It is to be noted that the catalyst which may be processed by the pre-veil experience is insignificant compared to the catalyst offered to the thoroughly bemused male and female after the veil. The confusion which this situation, simplistic though it is, offers is representative of the efficiency of the enlargement of the catalytic processes occurring after the veiling.
93.18 ▶ Questioner: The third card also shows the wand, I am assuming it is, in the right hand; the ball at the top being the round magical shape. Am I in any way correct in guessing that Catalyst of the Mind suggests possible eventual use of the magic depicted by this wand?
Ra: I am Ra. The wand is astrological in its origin and as an image may be released from its stricture. The sphere of spiritual power is an indication indeed that each opportunity is pregnant with the most extravagant magical possibilities for the far-seeing adept.
18.17 ▶ Questioner: Can you tell me the difference between the… the sexual programming, let us say, prior to Yahweh's intervention and after intervention?
Ra: I am Ra. This is a question which we can only answer by stating that intervention by genetic means is the same no matter what the source of this change.
31.2 ▶ Questioner: OK. What I'm going to do is use the information that we did at the end of the previous book that you suggested would be more appropriate for more advanced material. We will put it in the book at this point, as we are talking about bisexual reproduction, and I would like to expand on this material a little bit to get some definitions and better understandings. You speak in this material of sexual energy transfer. Could you define that energy transfer and expand upon its meaning, please?
Ra: I am Ra. Energy transfer implies the release of potential energies across, shall we say, a potentiated space. The sexual energy transfers occur due to the polarizations of two mind/body/spirit complexes, each of which have some potential difference one to the other. The nature of the transfer of energy or of the blockage of this energy is then a function of the interaction of these two potentials. In the cases where transfer takes place, you may liken this to a circuit being closed. You may also see this activity, as all experiential activities, as the Creator experiencing Itself.
12.14 ▶ Questioner: [Would] this be the origin of what we call black magic?
Ra: I am Ra. This is correct in one sense, incorrect in another. The Orion group has aided the so-called negatively oriented among your mind/body/spirit complexes. These same entities would be concerning themselves with service to self in any case and there are many upon your so-called inner planes which are negatively oriented and thus available as inner teachers or guides and so-called possessors of certain souls who seek this distortion of service to self.
87.27 ▶ Questioner: Would you do that?
Ra: I am Ra. You are correct in assuming that the energy of which we speak in discussing sexual energy transfers is a form of vibratory bridge between space/time and time/space. Although this distinction is not apart from that which follows, that which follows may shed light upon that basic statement.
Due to the veiling process the energy transferred from male to female is different than that transferred from female to male. Due to the polarity difference of the mind/body/spirit complexes of male and female the male stores physical energy, the female mental and mental/emotional energy. When third-density sexual energy transfer is completed the male will have offered the discharge of physical energy. The female is, thereby, refreshed, having far less physical vitality. At the same time, if you will use this term, the female discharges the efflux of its stored mental and mental/emotional energy, thereby offering inspiration, healing, and blessing to the male which by nature is less vital in this area.
At this time may we ask for one more full query.
91.35 ▶ Questioner: How is a knowledge of the facets of the archetypical mind used by the individual to accelerate his evolution?
Ra: I am Ra. We shall offer an example based upon this first explored archetype or concept complex. The conscious mind of the adept may be full to bursting of the most abstruse and unmanageable of ideas, so that further ideation becomes impossible and work in blue ray or indigo is blocked through over-activation. It is then that the adept would call upon the new mind, untouched and virgin, and dwell within the archetype of the new and unblemished mind without bias, without polarity, full of the magic of the Logos.
32.2 ▶ Questioner: Thank you very much. I will now continue with the material from day before yesterday. Our subject is how sexual polarity acts as a catalyst in evolution and how to best make use of this catalyst. Going back to that material, I will fill in a few gaps that we possibly don't understand at this point too well.
Can you tell me the difference between orange- and yellow-ray activation? I am going to work up from red ray right on through the violet, and we covered red ray, so what's the difference between orange- and yellow-ray activation?
Ra: I am Ra. The orange ray is that influence or vibratory pattern wherein the mind/body/spirit expresses its power on an individual basis. Thus power over individuals may be seen to be orange ray. This ray has been quite intense among your peoples on an individual basis. You may see in this ray the treating of other-selves as non-entities, slaves, or chattel, thus giving other-selves no status whatever.
The yellow ray is a focal and very powerful ray and concerns the entity in relation to, shall we say, groups, societies, or large numbers of mind/body/spirit complexes. This orange — we correct ourselves — this yellow-ray vibration is at the heart of bellicose actions in which one group of entities feel the necessity and right of dominating other groups of entities and bending their wills to the wills of the masters. The negative path, as you would call it, uses a combination of the yellow ray and the orange ray in its polarization patterns. These rays, used in a dedicated fashion, will bring about a contact with intelligent infinity. The usual nature of sexual interaction, if one is yellow or orange in primary vibratory patterns, is one of blockage and then insatiable hunger due to the blockage. When there are two selves vibrating in this area the potential for polarization through the sexual interaction is begun, one entity experiencing the pleasure of humiliation and slavery or bondage, the other experiencing the pleasure of mastery and control over another entity. In this way a sexual energy transfer of a negative polarity is experienced.
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The Firing Line, Winkhill Mill, Swan Street, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST4 7RH
Come & CREATE a unique Potteries' Fun Palace – A FUN PALACE NEIGHBOURHOOD – during this special national weekend. EVERYONE WELCOME – visit, get involved, make & share stuff. Join our COMMUNITY-IN-RESIDENCE for an alternative celebration of who we are & where we live! Includes: CLAYHEAD | #ClayConversation (Cornwall – Liverpool – Stoke-on-Trent) | ELSO Open Doors & Urban Walk | ELSO Artists-in-Residence | CentreSpace/ Spode Museum | Moving Pictures: Fun Palace on-a-Train
Join us for a gentle celebration of who we are & where we live! Click here for more details
10:30am - 3:30pm Saturday 6th October CLAYHEAD, Winkhill Mill, Swan Street, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7RH All day:
Revealing Voices: Arthur Wood Collection (Potteries Heritage Society & Andy Perkin)
Burslem Butterflies (Joanna Dawidowska & Leone Davis)
#N18 & #ST4 ELSO Artists-in-Residence (facilitated by Amy Foster)
Touching History (Bret Shah & Stoke Your Gratitude CIC)
Exploratory for The Potteries (Martin Brown & North Staffs Society of Architects)
Lino printing (led by artist Steve Shaw)
The Firing Line (viewing & demo 1pm by Richard Wilshaw)
Secret Museum (Phil Rowley & Ceramic City Stories)
Scheduled activities:
12:00noon - 1:00pm ELSO Open Doors & Urban Walk (Andy Perkin)
1:00pm - 2:00pm Rocket Stove Oatcakes (FoodFest, Jayne & Jonathon Fair)
2:00pm - 2:45pm #ClayConversation DIY live (group) video call between friends in Cornwall, Liverpool & Stoke-on-Trent (Wheal Martyn Museum, Friends of Everton Park & Ceramic City Stories)
Other ELSO connected Fun Palaces:
Moving Pictures: Fun Palace on-a-Train 10:34am - 3:33pm Saturday 6th October (departs Stoke Station 10.34).
Join us on the North Staffs Line as we travel to and fro between Crewe and Derby, stopping at all normal intermediary stops. Drop in at any time and create your own carbon print using our "magic drawing" technique. Our focus will be past & present stations & locations en route. Our artists-in-residence & volunteers from Ceramic City Stories will be on hand to help. The activity is free of charge. Suitable for all ages and abilities. NORMAL TRAIN FARES APPLY. Artists & historian in residence: Jane Wells, Fearn Hepden & Robert Fair supported by Claire Sandys, North Staffs Community Rail Partnership Officer
#ClayConversation 2:00pm - 2:45pm Saturday 6th October
#ClayConversations is a DIY live (group) video call between friends in Cornwall (Wheal Martyn, St Austell), Liverpool (Friends of Everton Park) & Stoke-on-Trent (CLAYHEAD, Stoke). This 'digital' Fun Palace will create a national link between three hyperlocal communities on the day. We hope it encourages the beginning of a much longer creative exploration of historical (re)connections & present day shared stories: THE CLAY – THE PORT – THE POTTERIES. Call will involve: Nikita Brown, Richard Scott, Andy Perkin, Phil Rowley & Danny Callaghan
JOIN US: 2:00pm - 2:45pm Saturday 6th October
Twitter | simply search &/or use #ClayConversation + #FunPalaces (together)
*Currently also exploring live stream options tbc
Carthew, St. Austell, Cornwall PL26 8XG
Winkhill Mill, Swan Street, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7RH
Centre Space Spode & Spode Museum10:30am - 4:00pm Saturday 6th & Sunday 7th October Centre Space is an exhibition space within the Spode Museum Trust Heritage Centre. Offering an ongoing events calendar showcasing work Locally and internationally. INFINITE CITY Infinite City at Centre Space, Spode Museum 19th September - 7th October Sarah Peart, 20, is a professional photographer, and Infinite City is her first solo exhibition.
REFLECTIONS OF SPODE Over the past 45 years the creative career of local artist Frederick Phillips has taken him to many places in the world. But in 2007 after almost 18 years of living in Chicago, USA and working in a studio there, he chose to return to his hometown of Stoke where he set up a new studio.
Click on the image link below to find out more…


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text: Many of us have poor posture due to the long hours spent sitting at desks or standing at work. It often develops when we are children, sitting at desks and carrying heavy bags on one shoulder. Over time this can lead to chronically tight muscles and restricted joints in our back, shoulders and neck. This can evetually lead to acute pain and muscle spasm. Osteopaths can help assess your posture giving you practical advice to improve and maintain it and relieve the pain and stiffness that it causes.


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Brace yourself. Wherever you may be as you read today's devotional—home, work, or online—you are on the brink of fulfilling an exclusive Bible prophecy. If you are a Christian, you are qualified to participate in the next major event on God's prophetic timetable—the Rapture.
Are you excited? Or are you petrified? The study of prophecy is the thermometer which determines whether you are spiritually aflame and vibrant, lukewarm, or dead-cold.
Here's how you can figure out which category you fit in:
- The fired up Christian rejoices in the implications of prophecy and diligently prepares for the Lord's return.
- The lukewarm Christian is a halfway saint. Though he is saved, his service is halfhearted and his devotion is split between the things of the world and spiritual things. News of Christ's imminent return strikes fear in this believer's heart because he is not ready to stand before his Savior.
- The frozen Christian is willfully ignorant of future events. He knows Christ will return, yet he is not troubled enough to care. His primary concern is indulging in the pleasures of sin for a season.
Jesus is coming again, Christian. What is your temperature? Does the coming Rapture change the way you serve Christ at work? Does it make a difference in the way you study your Bible? Has it influenced the way you view the lost? If you're fired up, keep up the good work. If you're lukewarm, choose your loyalty before it's too late. If you're cold, don't take this heat check lightly.
To be in Christ is the source of the Christian's life; to be like Christ is the sum of his excellence; to be with Christ is the fullness of his joy. — Charles Hodge
Devotional by Pastor Jim Scudder, Jr.


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Vibrio fischeri
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Classroom Activities to Engage Students and Promote Critical Thinking about Genetic Regulation of Bacterial Quorum Sensing †
- Authors: Kimberly Aebli, Elizabeth Hutchison*
Citation: Aebli K, Hutchison E. 2016. Classroom activities to engage students and promote critical thinking about genetic regulation of bacterial quorum sensing † . 17(2):284-285 doi:10.1128/jmbe.v17i2.985
- DOI 10.1128/jmbe.v17i2.985
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We developed an interactive activity to mimic bacterial quorum sensing, and a classroom worksheet to promote critical thinking about genetic regulation of the lux operon. The interactive quorum sensing activity engages students and provides a direct visualization of how population density functions to influence light production in bacteria. The worksheet activity consists of practice problems that require students to apply basic knowledge of the lux operon in order to make predictions about genetic complementation experiments, and students must evaluate how genetic mutations in the lux operon affect gene expression and overall phenotype. The worksheet promotes critical thinking and problem solving skills, and emphasizes the roles of diffusible signaling molecules, regulatory proteins, and structural proteins in quorum sensing.
Cell-to-Cell Signaling in Escherichia coli and Salmonella
- Authors: Melissa M. Kendall, and Vanessa Sperandio
Citation: Kendall M, Sperandio V. 2014. Cell-to-Cell Signaling in Escherichia coli and Salmonella, EcoSal Plus 2014; doi:10.1128/ecosalplus.ESP-0002-2013
- DOI 10.1128/ecosalplus.ESP-0002-2013
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Bacteria must be able to respond rapidly to changes in the environment to survive. One means of coordinating gene expression relies on tightly regulated and complex signaling systems. One of the first signaling systems that was described in detail is quorum sensing (QS). During QS, a bacterial cell produces and secretes a signaling molecule called an autoinducer (AI). As the density of the bacterial population increases, so does the concentration of secreted AI molecules, thereby allowing a bacterial species to coordinate gene expression based on population density. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that bacteria are also able to detect signal molecules produced by other species of bacteria as well as hormones produced by their mammalian hosts. This type of signaling interaction has been termed cell-to-cell signaling because it does not rely on a threshold concentration of bacterial cells. This review discusses the three main types of cell-to-cell signaling mechanisms used by Escherichia coli and Salmonella: the LuxR process, in which E. coli and Salmonella detect signals produced by other species of bacteria; the LuxS/AI-2 system, in which E. coli and Salmonella participate in intra- and interspecies signaling; and the AI-3/epinephrine/norepinephrine system, in which E. coli and Salmonella recognize self-produced AI, signal produced by other microbes, and/or the human stress hormones epinephrine and/or norepinephrine.
Observing Chemotaxis in Vibrio fischeri Using Soft Agar Assays in an Undergraduate Microbiology Laboratory
- Author: Cindy R. DeLoney-Marino
Citation: DeLoney-Marino C. 2013. Observing chemotaxis in vibrio fischeri using soft agar assays in an undergraduate microbiology laboratory. 14(2):271-272 doi:10.1128/jmbe.v14i2.625
- DOI 10.1128/jmbe.v14i2.625
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Chemotaxis, the directed movement of cells towards or away from a chemical, is both an exciting and complicated behavior observed in many bacterial species. Attempting to adequately visualize or demonstrate the chemotaxic response of bacteria in the classroom is difficult at best, with good models to illustrate the concept lacking. The BSL-1 marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri (a.k.a. Aliivibrio fischeri) is easy to culture, making it an ideal candidate for experiments in an undergraduate microbiology course. A number of chemoattractants for V. fischeri have been identified, including a variety of sugars, nucleosides, and amino acids (1, 2). Below presents how the soft agar-based chemotaxis assay can be implemented in the undergraduate laboratory. As bacterial cells migrate towards one or more attractants in soft agar, students can directly observe the chemotaxic behavior of V. fischeri without the need to learn complicated techniques or use specialized equipment. Once the bands of bacterial cells are observed, the migration can then be disrupted by the addition of excess attractant to the soft agar, thereby visualizing what happens once cells are no longer in a gradient of attractant. In addition, soft agar plates lacking attractants can be used to visualize the random movements of bacterial cells that are non-chemotaxing. These exercises can be used in the microbiology laboratory to help students understand the complex behavior of bacterial chemotaxis.
Deciphering the Language of Diplomacy
- Authors: Margaret McFall-Ngai, Ned Ruby
Source: Microbes and Evolution , pp 173-180
Publication Date :
January 2012
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This chapter talks about deciphering the language of diplomacy give and take in the study of the squid-vibrio symbiosis. The colonization of epithelia by microbes is the most common and ancient form of animal symbiosis. Throughout the evolutionary history of animals, from early beginnings through the invasion of the land, and into the current biosphere, the most common type of animal-microbe association has been the colonization of the outer surfaces of animal epithelia by populations of one or more microbial species. For the last 20+ years, biologists have been studying the processes by which bacteria colonize animal epithelial surfaces, using the model association between the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, and the marine bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri. The study of this association evolved as "symbioses" between biologists from two very different fields, microbiology and animal biology. Distinct species have evolved strange new abilities that allow them to inhabit even the most forbidding of environments. Critical to the development of this research over the past 20 years has been the willingness of our students and collaborators to join us in this adventure. These important tools have allowed us to begin deciphering the molecular language of symbiosis between bacteria and animal epithelia.
Introduction to Second Messengers: Lessons from Cyclic AMP
- Author: Alan J. Wolfe
Source: The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP , pp 3-7
Publication Date :
January 2010
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At the turn of the 21st century, researchers linked the second messenger bis-(3',5') cyclic diguanylic acid (also known as cyclic di-GMP [c-di-GMP]) to proteins that contained either the GGDEF domain, the EAL domain, or both and showed that these proteins were ubiquitous. Researchers had reported that epinephrine was produced by the adrenal gland and that this epinephrine traveled from the adrenal gland to the liver cells that store glycogen; however, the mechanism by which epinephrine elicited this effect remained unknown. Today, the mammalian cyclic AMP (cAMP) signal transduction network is known to include a dizzying array of G-protein-coupled receptors, a plethora of G-protein subunits, 10 adenylyl cyclases (9 membrane bound and 1 cytosolic), 11 PDE families, and multiple cAMP effectors, including PKA, PKC, diverse guanine exchange factors, and a variety of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels. The parallels between the mammalian cAMP network and the bacterial systems centered on c-di-GMP are striking. One obvious reason to compartmentalize proteins within microdomains is to bring related signaling components into close proximity. The mammalian plasma membrane is heterogeneous. This heterogeneity is produced, in part, by the concentration to specific locations of large amounts of cholesterol and sphingolipids. Two major hypotheses have been proposed to explain the ability of PDEs to shape cAMP gradients: the barrier hypothesis and the sink hypothesis.
The Scr Circuit in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Modulates Swarming and Sticking
- Author: Linda L. McCarter
Source: The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP , pp 173-185
Publication Date :
January 2010
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The role of c-di-GMP in determining the switch between motile and sessile lifestyles appears to be an emerging theme in many bacteria; in some bacteria, one important consequence is an impact on virulence. Scr (swarming and capsular polysaccharide gene regulation) genes influence the lifestyle adaptation between swarming and sticking by modulating the cellular nucleotide pool. Fractionation experiments localize ScrA to the cytoplasm, ScrB in the periplasm, and ScrC with the cell membrane. Curiously, overproduction of ScrC without coproduction of ScrA and ScrB does not simply result in loss of increased laf expression but rather recapitulates the ScrABCΔEAL phenotype. In contrast, both the GGDEF and the EAL domains of ScrC possess catalytic activity: by itself (in the absence of ScrA and ScrB), ScrC can synthesize c-di-GMP (in Vibrio parahaemolyticus as well as in Escherichia coli), whereas in the context of functional ScrA and ScrB, ScrC is capable of degrading this secondary messenger. In comparison, the activity of ScrC seems to be modulated by ScrA and ScrB. The enzymes controlling the level of c-di-GMP include proteins with GGDEF and EAL domains as well as the phosphohydrolase-associated HD-GYP domain. In possessing a multiplicity of cell types appropriate for life under different circumstances, the swimmer, swarmer, and sticky cell types, the ubiquitous marine bacterium and human pathogen V. parahaemolyticus must make certain critical lifestyle determinations. c-di-GMP plays a key role by influencing this decision-making process.
- Publication Date : January 2010
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No descriptions available.
Color Plates
- Publication Date : January 2007
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No descriptions available.
Taxonomy of the Vibrios
- Authors: Fabiano L. Thompson, Jean Swings
Source: The Biology of Vibrios , pp 29-43
Publication Date :
January 2006
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The taxonomy of vibrios was based on very few morphological features, including flagellation, morphology and curvature of the cells, and cultural aspects. This approach led to the description of many new, poorly characterized species. The DNA-DNA hybridization studies of researchers underpinned the taxonomy of vibrios. This chapter discusses the historical underpinnings of vibrio taxonomy and the traditional phenotypic basis of the taxonomy of Vibrio harveyi group. Subsequently, it provides a review of the recent improvements in the taxonomy of vibrios that are mainly due to the application of genomic methodologies, including amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR), DNA-DNA hybridization, and multilocus sequence analyses (MLSA). The authors conclude the chapter with a discussion on the development and application of an electronic prokaryotic taxonomy with vibrios as a prototype. The current taxonomy of vibrios is based mainly on genomic data. The taxonomy of vibrios is being rapidly improved owing to the application of modern molecular techniques. New data gathered by these techniques will lead to a revision and improvement of the taxonomy of vibrios in the next few years.
Aquatic Environment
- Authors: Hidetoshi Urakawa, Irma Nelly G. Rivera
Source: The Biology of Vibrios , pp 175-189
Publication Date :
January 2006
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This chapter discusses the nature of vibrios--their habitats, ecology, physiological traits, and Evolution. The major components of the isolates identified as gram-negative facultative anaerobes were Colwellia species. Vibrio species are distributed widely and often predominate in the aquatic environment. Rapid die-off occurred after 5 h of incubation, which suggested intraspecific competitions among the microbial populations in the nonsterile sediment environment. This result indicates that the sediment environment is more competitive for Vibrio species to compete with other microorganisms than other habitats in the aquatic environment. Free-living heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) are major and ubiquitous bacterial grazers in various aquatic environments. Vibrio species may use marine animals as their vehicle for survival, where they may escape the grazing pressure of protozoans. The first step of chitin degradation is primarily carried out by microorganisms, and this trait is widespread among many taxonomic groups of prokaryotes. Phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), is present in coal tar and petroleum and is a by-product of petroleum refining. Yet it is relevant to note that a marine Vibrio sp. may well be able to degrade PAH. In general, the availability of environmental parameters, such as water temperature, nutrient, and chlorophyll concentrations, is limited, although the use of these data is straightforward in the monitoring of pathogens in aquatic environments. By remote sensing, the sea surface temperature, turbidity, chlorophyll, and sea surface height can be monitored; it has been possible to determine which environmental parameters are strongly linked with epidemics.
Vibrio harveyi: Pretty Problems in Paradise
- Authors: Leigh Owens, Nancy Busico-Salcedo
Source: The Biology of Vibrios , pp 266-280
Publication Date :
January 2006
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Vibrio harveyi was first described as a species of Acromonobacter by Johnson and Shunk. Later studies in classification of luminous bacteria reported three major groups. The first group contains Photobacterium fischeri, the second group consists of Photobacterium leiognathi and Photobacterium phosphoreum, and the third group contains Beneckea harveyi, Beneckea splendida, and V. cholerae biotype albensis. Luminous vibriosis is the term describing the disease of penaeid prawns caused by luminescent V. harveyi. The use of antibiotics as prophylactic agents to prevent bacterial infection of penaeid larvae has been employed in many shrimp hatcheries. However, the development of antibiotic resistance is one of the major consequences resulting from prophylactic antibiotic use. The use of probiotics is another approach to bacterial control to maintain a beneficial balance of bacteria and other microorganisms in the culture systems. The use of bacteriophage in the control of vibriosis seems very promising. An experiment with bacteriophage from diseased ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, provided protection against infection by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, a pathogen of ayu. These bacteriophages, representatives of Myoviridae and Podoviridae, reduced the number of bacterial cells in the kidneys of affected ayu and the underlying water environment. A study conducted by Liu et al. highlighted that V. harveyi was shown to produce proteases, phospholipase, hemolysins, or exotoxins that are important for pathogenicity. Liu and Lee also reported that a cysteine protease is the major exotoxin lethal to the tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon.
Vibrio salmonicida
- Author: Brian Austin
Source: The Biology of Vibrios , pp 281-284
Publication Date :
January 2006
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Resembling a generalized hemorrhagic septicemia, coldwater vibriosis is characterized by hemorrhaging around the abdomen. Internally, anemia and hemorrhaging of the organs, swim bladder, abdominal wall, and posterior gastrointestinal tract may be seen. Using isolated macrophages from Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout coupled with immunofluorescence techniques, the pathogen was observed to be internalized. Cultures have been recovered from blood and kidney on tryptic soy agar supplemented with 1.5% (wt/vol) NaCl and incubation at 15ºC for up to 5 days. Cultures, which were subsequently named as a new species, Vibrio salmonicida, were recovered from diseased salmon. DNA hybridization of four cultures confirmed homogeneity (DNA homology was 82 to 100%) but with low relatedness to Vibrio anguillarum (30%), Vibrio ordalii (34%), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (40%). Experimental challenge by means of intraperitoneal injection, immersion, and cohabitation of Atlantic salmon with V. salmonicida has led to the development of clinical disease with pathogenicity related to water temperature. The dihydroxamate siderophore bisucaberin was produced significantly only at ≤10°C, which is when the disease is most troublesome to Atlantic salmon. A proposal was made that temperature-sensitive iron sequestration could well constitute an important virulence mechanism for V. salmonicida. There has been success with the development of whole-cell formalized vaccines, leading to the commercialization of more than one polyvalent product. Immersion of Atlantic salmon in these formulations resulted in protection for at least 6 months, with humoral antibodies being developed to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component, particularly the O-side chain.
Source: The Biology of Vibrios
Publication Date :
January 2006
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No descriptions available.
Intercellular Communication in Marine Vibrio Species: Density-Dependent Regulation of the Expression of Bioluminescence
- Authors: Bonnie L. Bassler, Michael R. Silverman
Source: Two-Component Signal Transduction , pp 431-445
Publication Date :
January 1995
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This chapter focuses on the different molecular mechanisms two model luminous bacteria, Vibrio fischeri (a symbiont) and V. harveyi (a free-living microbe), use for regulating lux expression. Expression of luminescence in most bacteria is tightly regulated by the density of the population. In V. fischeri, the regulatory genes involved in density-dependent control of luminescence are adjacent to the luxCDABEG operon encoding the luciferase enzymes. The regulatory genes that control luminescence in V. harveyi are different from those of V. fischeri. One complementation group of V. harveyi dim mutants could be restored to full light production by a family of recombinant cosmids containing a subset of common restriction fragments. Initial HAI-1 and HAI-2 signal recognition by LuxN and LuxQ could activate a series of phosphotransfer reactions. Two-component circuits have been characterized in which a single protein contains both a sensor kinase and a response regulator domain (similar to LuxN and LuxQ) and a second protein contains both a response regulator domain and a DNA binding motif (similar to LuxO). The differences between the regulatory circuits controlling density-dependent expression of luminescence in V. fischeri and V. harveyi are striking. Subsequent mutations and gene duplications and rearrangements generated new and multiple autoinducers, receptivities, and regulatory connections, finally resulting in a bacterium with the properties of V. harveyi.


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Delegated proof of stake (DPOS) is a family of consensus mechanisms for blockchain networks. It makes use of witnesses or leaders, often referred to as "delegates", who have approval voting ability to resolve consensus issues. DPOS was created by Dan Larimer in 2013 for implementation in the Bitshares blockchain.
One advantage of DPOS is that it does away with the need to wait until a number of "untrusted" nodes have verified a transaction before it can be confirmed. Thus, this layer of technological democracy offsets the negative effect of centralization.
Delegated proof of stake has been criticized for having increased centralization due to the concentration of power among the leaders or witnesses in the system.
Further reading
Delegated Proof of Stake: Features and Tradeoffs - Multicoin Capital
Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPOS)
Daniel Larimer
Seeking Consensus on Consensus - DPOS or Delegated Proof of Stake and the Two Generals' Problem -- Steemit
Documentaries, videos and podcasts
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Related Topics
- Proof-of-stakeProof-of-stake (PoS) is a system by which a network (e.g., a cryptocurrency blockchain) aims to achieve distributed consensus.
- BitSharesBitshares is a decentralized exchange designed for trading of cryptocurrencies utilizing a delegated proof of stake consensus.
- EOS (cryptocurrency)EOS is a smart contract blockchain for building decentralized applications. The EOS blockchain is currently still in development led by Dan Larimer.
- LiskLisk is a peer-to-peer blockchain platform for the development of decentralized applications. It utilizes a delegated-proof-of-stake consensus and uses sidechains to run each decentralized app.
- Ark (blockchain)Ark is cryptocurrency designed to connect all blockchains of every cryptocurrency in the world.
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Alex DeanMasters in Biostatistics/Epidemiology @ UC Berkeley | BA in Biology @ Wesleyan University
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Michael NavalKnowledge seeker
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Carla FaragunaGolden People and Operations.
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Jude GomilaFounder and CEO of Golden, Entrepreneur. Previously Co Founder of Heyzap. Investor in 100+ companies. Cantabrigian (Gonville and Caius).
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Sumon SadhuCEO & Co-founder Muse.ai / Angel Investor. Formerly Founding Team @Quid, and YC W'08 Alum. Studied at Oxford/Imperial.


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Fondulac Park District Office
201 Veterans Drive, East Peoria , IL
No registration required.
Cost: Free
Native made and Native styled items will be available for purchase. There will also be display tables with exhibits of historically traditional arts, crafts, clothes, dolls and musical instruments to view. Native-made and Native-styled handcrafts will be available for purchase. Presentation is open to the public and FREE admission.


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The starter motor and generator division of the Bosch Group has completed its transition to an independent company: it will operate under the name SEG Automotive, effective immediately, including the local division SEG Automotive North America.
The new name is testimony to over a century of history in the development and production of starter motors and generators as well as a future-oriented focus on e-mobility. The company will continue under a new owner, Zhengzhou Coal Mining Machinery Group Co., Ltd. SEG Automotive North America is an integral part of the global growth and production strategy.
Jon Husby, regional president of SEG Automotive North America says: "The name is new, but SEG Automotive is committed to continuity, especially in terms of location strategy and our employees. Their many years of experience in the company, competence and commitment contribute significantly to our success. In the future our locations in Novi, Michigan and Lerma, Mexico, will play an even more important role in the worldwide SEG Automotive business, and we will continue to be an attractive employer in North America."
From the beginnings of the automobile industry to the future of mobility
More than a century ago – in March 1914 – Bosch presented its first electric starter motor for vehicles. It replaced the arduous and often hazardous cranking by hand. The year before had seen the introduction of the "Bosch light". It powered the first electric lights for cars – and is the origin of the generators still commonly in use today. This Bosch division went on to continuously improve the efficiency and functionality of starter motors and generators for passenger cars and commercial vehicles – by inventing the trend-setting Start/Stop, for example. With its highly innovative BRM (Boost Recuperation Machine), SEG Automotive is now paving the way for cost-efficient and environmentally-friendly hybrid technology for vehicle manufacturers and their customers: the BRM enables regenerative braking and energy storage via a 48-volt electrical system to save fuel, enable a performance boost when passing or even to "coast" with the engine switched off.
CO2 reduction for all drive technologies
The new company is committed to further expanding its contribution to the reduction of CO2 emissions from passenger cars and commercial vehicles in order to address the challenge of climate protection – globally and across all drive technologies. Even though e-mobility continues to gain ground: the combustion engine will remain a pillar of individual mobility worldwide for many years to come. This presents vehicle manufacturers with major challenges with regard to reducing fleet consumption and requires new solutions to achieve climate protection goals (i.e. CO2 regulations).
With the BRM, SEG Automotive already offers a technology for hybridizing gasoline and diesel engines in a cost-effective manner. Through the use of BRM, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions can be reduced by about 15 percent.
Advanced start/stop technology, as well as high-efficiency generators from the SEG Automotive portfolio also provide significant CO2 savings. The efficiency gains accomplished by these technologies are not just a matter of theory and only relevant on the test bench: SEG Automotive technologies reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions under real-world conditions every day.
Continuity despite change
From the outset, the new company will be one of the most significant suppliers in its market segments. With 16 locations worldwide, over 8,000 employees and a powerful product range, SEG Automotive is strongly positioned across the world to meet the current and future challenges of automobile manufacturers. At the crucial points, the company goes for continuity: all locations will be retained, the focus remains on highest product quality and innovation through powerful engineering – and the journey towards e-mobility that started with the development of the BRM continues.
The new name is testimony to the importance of this product segment for the company: the established SG (Starter Motors & Generators) is being expanded by an E for "Components for Electrification". The management team that has made SG so successful in previous years will continue to ensure SEG Automotive grows profitably over the long term.
Ulrich Kirschner, CEO of SEG Automotive, sets the new name in the context of the corporate strategy: "With our product range, we efficiently support automobile manufacturers worldwide in the reduction of CO2 emissions - regardless of the drive technology. Together with the new owner ZMJ, SEG Automotive has a great potential for innovations and further global growth, in particular in the significant Chinese and North American market."
About SEG Automotive
SEG Automotive is closely linked to the history of the automobile. Emerging from the BOSCH Starter Motors & Generators division in 2018, the company stands for more than a century of innovations in this product sector: from starter motor and generator to Start/Stop and mild-hybridization. SEG Automotive is actively shaping the automobile industry's journey from the combustion engine to electrification by delivering efficient solutions for CO2 reduction - regardless of the drive technology. With 16 locations in the most important automobile markets in the world and over 8,000 employees, SEG Automotive offers a network that guarantees the highest level of engineering and production expertise worldwide - from Germany to China. Technology leadership and highest quality standards set the products apart: almost all automotive OEMs worldwide are relying on SEG Automotive's tailored solutions for passenger cars and commercial vehicles.
About ZMJ:
The Zhenghou Coal Mining Machinery Group Cp., Ltd. (ZMJ) was established in 1958. Today, ZMJ is one of the largest developers and manufacturers of mining machinery. ZMJ is listed on the stock exchange in Shanghai and Hong Kong. With the acquisition of ASIMCO, a significant Chinese automotive supplier, ZMJ established the automobile sector as a second pillar of its business operations. In acquiring SEG Automotive, the Group is taking another logical step to becoming a global player in this sector. The Group comprises a total of 22 subsidiaries, stock companies and holdings worldwide.
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Join Historic Salem, Inc. for 'Christmas in Salem' as it returns to the McIntire District from December 4–6, 2015. The 2015 tours feature a combination of private homes and unique historical treasures in Salem. Homes will be beautifully decorated for the holiday season inspired by the 12 Days of Christmas and will be open for tours throughout the weekend.
Each year the tour features a different neighborhood in Salem and explores the unique histories and architectural tales of this city's past. In 2015, Christmas in Salem returns to the historically-rich McIntire District, named for Salem's celebrated architect Samuel McIntire.
The Salem Trolley will be offering service between select tour sites and downtown Salem all day Saturday and Sunday, with stops near the train station, parking garages, shops, and dining destinations. On Friday night, advance ticket holders are welcome to enjoy a candlelight preview of selected historic homes. The full trolley route will be indicated on the map in program books. The route begins at Christmas in Salem headquarters.
Tickets are $30.00 until December 2, 2015 and $35.00 on the day of the event. Advance tickets for members of Historic Salem, Inc. will cost $25.00. Tickets will be available at www.christmasinsalem.org beginning on October 7, 2015. Advance tickets will be available at a host of local retailers as well as at Historic Salem, Inc. headquarters.
For more information, please call 978-745-0799 or visit www.christmasinsalem.org.


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West Linton Golf Club professional Gareth Wright is the Scottish PGA champion for the second time in three years.
The 34-year- old won the event's 100th staging in style at Gleneagles when he eagled the par-5 18th on the King's Course from six feet to beatPaul O'Hara in a play-off after the pair had tied on 16-under- par in the £50,000 M&H Logistics-sponsored event.
With closing 68s for 268 totals, Wright and O'Hara finished five shots clear of the field in Perthshire.
The victory in the Tartan Tour's flagship tournament earned Wright a £9000 pay-day while, in addition to a runners-up cheque for £6500, O'Hara secured a place in next week's PGA Play-Offs in Devon along with Greig Hutcheon and Graham Fox.
Locked together at the start of the day, Wright and O'Hara fought out an enthralling ding-dong battle in the final round and came to the 72nd hole still sharing the lead.
It was advantage Wright after the pair had hit their approaches but 30-year-old O'Hara, who is based at Lochview Golf Centre in Coatbridge through an attachment to North Lanarkshire Leisure, got down in two putts from fully 120 feet to make a birdie, which his title rival matched.
''I expected Paul to make his six-footer as he'd putted well all day and is very good around the greens,'' admitted Wright afterwards.
Returning to the same hole for the play-off, O'Hara was a lot closer in two and made birdie once more despite racing his first putt six feet past, but Wright had hit a majestic six-iron from 201 yards to six feet and rolled it in for a title-winning eagle.
''We both played really good golf all day,'' said the champion, who plays under the Welsh flag but lives in Edinburgh.
''We didn't set the world on fire, but it was good, sensible golf and a good game between us.
''It's been a very strange year for me as I've been playing my golf in lots of different places. In fact, I've probably only played in four or five Tartan Tour events.
''But this is a nice cherry on top of the cake at the end of the year and I love it up here - Gleneagles is one of my favourite places in the world.''
The trio now head to Devon, where the PGA Play-Offs started on Monday, with 10 spots up for grabs in next year's BMW PGA Championship at Wentworth as well as three automatic places in the team that will defend the PGA Cup at Foxhills in Surrey next September.