text:
Water properties change with confinement within nanofilms trapped between natural charged clay particles. We investigated nanofilm characteristics through high-stress laboratory compression tests in combination with analyses of expelled pore fluids. We utilized sediments obtained from deep drilling of the Nankai subduction zone at Site C0002 of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). We show that below 1–2 km, there should be widespread ultrafiltration of migrating fluids. Experiments to> 100 MPa normal compression collapse pores below a few ion monofilm thicknesses. A reduction towards a single condensing/dehydrating ion monofilm occurs as stresses rise >100–200 MPa and clay separations are reduced to <10–20 Å. Thus, porosity in high mineral surface area systems only consists of double and single monofilms at depths below a few km leaving little room for either bulk water or the deep biosphere. The resulting semipermeable properties result in variable segregation of ions and charged isotopes and water during active flow. The ultrafiltration and ion dehydration processes are coupled in that both require the partial immobilization of ions between the charged clay surfaces. The general effect is to increase salinities in residual pore fluids at depth and freshen fluids expelled during consolidation. Cessation of nanofilm collapse to a near constant ∼17 Å below 2 km depth at Nankai supports the contention for the onset of substantial geopressuring on the deeper seismogenic fault. The properties of monofilm water, thus, have considerable implications for the deep water properties of subduction zones generating major tremor and Mw 8+ earthquakes. Indeed, the combined effects of advective flow, ultrafiltration, diffusion, and diagenesis could provide a unifying explanation for the origins of overpressuring and pore water geochemical signals observed in many natural systems.
ion dehydration;
pore fluid evolution;
porosity evolution;
We conducted a series of experiments to explore the rate and state frictional properties of gabbro at conditions thought to be representative of slow slip events (SSEs) in subduction zones. The experiments were conducted using a heated direct shear apparatus. We tested both solid and simulated gouge samples at low effective normal stress (5-30 MPa) over a broad range of temperatures (20-600 degrees C) under dry and hydrated conditions. In tests performed on dry solid samples, we observed stable sliding at low temperatures (20-150 degrees C), stick slip at high temperatures (350-600 degrees C), and a transitional "episodic slow slip'' behavior at intermediate temperatures (200-300 degrees C). In tests performed on dry gouge samples, we observed stable sliding at all temperatures. Under hydrated conditions, the gouge samples exhibited episodic slow slip and stick-slip behavior at temperatures between 300 and 500 degrees C. Our results show a decrease in the rate parameter (a - b) with temperature for both solid and gouge samples; friction transitions from velocity strengthening to velocity weakening at temperature of about 150 degrees C for both solid and gouge samples. We do not observe transition to velocity-strengthening friction at the high end of the tested temperature range. Our results suggest that the occurrence of slow slip events and the downdip limit of the seismogenic zone on subduction megathrusts cannot be solely explained by the temperature dependence of frictional properties of gabbro. Further experimental studies are needed to evaluate the effects of water fugacity and compositional heterogeneity (e. g., the presence of phyllosilicates) on frictional stability of subduction megathrusts.
Temperature is believed to have an important control on frictional properties of rocks, yet the amount of experimental observations of time-dependent rock friction at high temperatures is rather limited. In this study, we investigated frictional healing of Westerly granite in a series of slide-hold-slide experiments using a direct shear apparatus at ambient temperatures between 20 degrees C and 550 degrees C. We observed that at room temperature coefficient of friction increases in proportion to the logarithm of hold time at a rate consistent with findings of previous studies. For a given hold time, the coefficient of friction linearly increases with temperature, but temperature has little effect on the rate of change in static friction with hold time. We used a numerical model to investigate whether time-dependent increases in real contact area between rough surfaces could account for the observed frictional healing. The model incorporates fractal geometry and temperature-dependent viscoelasoplastic rheology. We explored several candidate rheologies that have been proposed for steady state creep of rocks at high stresses and temperatures. None of the tested laws could provide an agreement between the observed and modeled healing behavior given material properties reported in the bulk creep experiments. An acceptable fit to the experimental data could be achieved with modified parameters. In particular, for the power-law rheology to provide a reasonable fit to the data, the stress exponent needs to be greater than 40. Alternative mechanisms include time-dependent gouge compaction and increases in bond strength between contacting asperities.
Cold seep ecosystems can support enormous biomasses of free-living and symbiotic chemoautotrophic organisms that get their energy from the oxidation of methane or sulfide. Most of this biomass derives from animals that are associated with bacterial symbionts, which are able to metabolize the chemical resources provided by the seeping fluids. Often these systems also harbor dense accumulations of non-symbiotic megafauna, which can be relevant in exporting chemosynthetically fixed carbon from seeps to the surrounding deep sea. Here we investigated the carbon sources of lithodid crabs (Paralomis sp.) feeding on thiotrophic bacterial mats at an active mud volcano at the Costa Rica subduction zone. To evaluate the dietary carbon source of the crabs, we compared the microbial community in stomach contents with surface sediments covered by microbial mats. The stomach content analyses revealed a dominance of epsilonproteobacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences related to the free-living and epibiotic sulfur oxidiser Sulfurovum sp. We also found Sulfurovum sp. as well as members of the genera Arcobacter and Sulfurimonas in mat-covered surface sediments where Epsilonproteobacteria were highly abundant constituting 10% of total cells. Furthermore, we detected substantial amounts of bacterial fatty acids such as i-C15:0 and C17:1 omega 6c with stable carbon isotope compositions as low as -53 parts per thousand in the stomach and muscle tissue. These results indicate that the white microbial mats at Mound 12 are comprised of Epsilonproteobacteria and that microbial mat-derived carbon provides an important contribution to the crab's nutrition. In addition, our lipid analyses also suggest that the crabs feed on other C-13-depleted organic matter sources, possibly symbiotic megafauna as well as on photosynthetic carbon sources such as sedimentary detritus.
Laboratory studies of frictional properties of rocks at slip velocities approaching the seismic range (similar to 0.1-1 m s(-1)), and at moderate normal stresses (1-10 MPa), have revealed a complex evolution of the dynamic shear strength, with at least two phases of weakening separated by strengthening at the onset of wholesale melting(1-4). The second post-melting weakening phase is governed by viscous properties of the melt layer and is reasonably well understood(5,6). The initial phase of extreme weakening, however, remains a subject of much debate. Here we show that the initial weakening of gabbro is associated with the formation of hotspots and macroscopic streaks of melt ('melt welts'), which partially unload the rest of the slip interface. Melt welts begin to form when the average rate of frictional heating exceeds 0.1-0.4 MW m(-2), while the average temperature of the shear zone is well below the solidus (250-450 degrees C). Similar heterogeneities in stress and temperature are likely to occur on natural fault surfaces during rapid slip, and to be important for earthquake rupture dynamics.
A cased and sealed borehole in the Northern Barbados accretionary complex was the site of the first attempts to measure permeability in situ along a plate boundary decollement. Three separate efforts at Hole 949C yielded permeability estimates for the decollement spanning four orders of magnitude. An analysis of problems encountered during installation of the casing and seals provides insights into how the borehole conditions may have led to the wide range of results. During the installation, sediments from the surrounding formation repeatedly intruded into the borehole and casing. Stress analysis shows that the weak sediments were deforming plastically and the radial and tangential stresses around the borehole were significantly lower than lithostatic. This perturbed stress state may explain why the test pressure records showed indications of hydrofracture at pressures below lithostatic, and permeabilities rose rapidly as the estimated effective stress dropped below 0.8 MPa. Even after the borehole was sealed, the plastic deformation of the formation and relatively large gap of the wire wrapped screen allowed sediment to flow into the casing. Force equilibrium calculations predict sediment would have filled the borehole to 10 cm above the top of the screen by the time slug tests were conducted 1.5 years after the borehole was sealed. Reanalysis of the slug test results with these conditions yields several orders of magnitude higher permeability estimates than the original analysis which assumed an open casing. Overall the results based on only the tests with no sign of hydrofracture yield a permeability range of 10-14-10-15 m2 and a rate of increase in permeability with decreasing effective stress consistent with laboratory tests on samples from the decollement zone.
[1] We report total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) abundances and isotope ratios, as well as helium isotope ratios ((3)He/(4)He), of cold seep fluids sampled at the Costa Rica fore arc in order to evaluate the extent of carbon loss from the submarine segment of the Central America convergent margin. Seep fluids were collected over a 12 month period at Mound 11, Mound 12, and Jaco Scar using copper tubing attached to submarine flux meters operating in continuous pumping mode. The fluids show minimum (3)He/(4)He ratios of 1.3 R(A) (where R(A) is air (3)He/(4)He), consistent with a small but discernable contribution of mantle-derived helium. At Mound 11, delta(13)C(Sigma CO2) values between -23.9% and -11.6% indicate that DIC is predominantly derived from deep methanogenesis and is carried to the surface by fluids derived from sediments of the subducting slab. In contrast, at Mound 12, most of the ascending dissolved methane is oxidized due to lower flow rates, giving extremely low delta(13)C(Sigma CO2) values ranging from -68.2% to -60.3%. We estimate that the carbon flux (CO(2) plus methane) through submarine fluid venting at the outer fore arc is 8.0 x 10(5) g C km(-1) yr(-1), which is virtually negligible compared to the total sedimentary carbon input to the margin and the output at the volcanic front. Unless there is a significant but hitherto unidentified carbon flux at the inner fore arc, the implication is that most of the carbon being subducted in Costa Rica must be transferred to the (deeper) mantle, i.e., beyond the depth of arc magma generation.
We present details of a newly designed syringe pump apparatus for the retrieval and temporal analysis of helium (SPARTAH). The device is composed of a commercially available syringe pump connected to coils of Cu tubing, which interface the syringe and the groundwater or geothermal wellhead. Through test deployments at geothermal wells in Iceland and California, we show that well fluids are drawn smoothly, accurately, and continuously into the Cu tubing and can be time-stamped through user-determined operating parameters. In the laboratory, the tubing is sectioned to reveal helium (He) characteristics of the fluids at times and for durations of interest. The device is capable of prolonged deployments, up to 6 months or more, with minimal maintenance. It can be used to produce detailed time series records of He, or any other geochemical parameter, in groundwaters and geothermal fluids. SPARTAH has application in monitoring projects assessing the relationship between external transient events (e. g., earthquakes) and geochemical signals in aqueous fluids.
We report helium isotope ratios ((3)He/(4)He) as well as helium and neon abundance results for submarine cold seep fluids from Extrovert Cliff in Monterey Bay, California. Samples were collected in copper tubing attached to submarine flux meters operating in continuous pumping mode. Following instrumentation recovery, the tubing was sectioned to produce for the first time a high-resolution time series of dissolved He and Ne variations over a time span of several days. Noble gas concentrations are variable and appear affected by interaction with a hydrocarbon phase within the aquifer. However, it is still possible to resolve the He signal into components associated with air equilibration, excess air entrainment, and terrigenic fluxes (both crustal and mantle-derived). The mantle He contribution reaches similar to 25-30% in some samples (up to 2.3 R(A), where R(A) = air (3)He/(4)He). Our quasi-continuous He-Ne record shows remarkable fluctuations over time scales of only a few hours and reflects the combined effects of gas stripping by hydrocarbons and an episodic input of mantle- derived fluids.
We investigate transient fluid flux through the seafloor recorded near the Costa Rica trench during the 2000 Costa Rica Seismogenic Zone Experiment using a 2-D fully coupled poroelastic finite element model. We demonstrate that the observed hydrologic anomalies are consistent with a model of propagating slow slip at the subduction interface between the frontal prism and downgoing plate. There are two sources of volumetric strain that drive fluid flux at the seafloor in response to fault slip at depth: (1) compression and dilation in the vicinity of the tips of a slipping patch and (2) extension and compression due to flexure of the seafloor. The superposition of these two effects results in distinctive spatial and temporal patterns of fluid flow through the seafloor. In a forward modeling approach, time series from shear ruptures with a range of fault length-to-depth ratios in a heterogeneous crust are generated and compared with flow rate observations. Assuming a constant propagation rate and an elliptical profile for the distribution of slip along the decollement, the set of model predictions enables us to infer the probable rupture location, extent, propagation velocity, and duration from a single flow rate time series. The best fit model suggests that the slow slip event initiated within the toe at a depth of less than 4 km and propagated bilaterally at an average rate of 0.5 km d(-1). This interpretation implies that stress in the shallow subduction zone is relieved episodically. Furthermore, the Costa Rica data suggest that episodic slow slip events may initiate in the prism toe without being triggered by a seismic event further downdip.
[1] To enable testing of the hypothesis that fluid flow from cold seeps responds to episodic tectonic events, we have developed a flow meter with a temporal resolution on the order of minutes. The Optical Tracer Injection System (OTIS) measures flow rates through the sediment-water interface (SWI) of 0.1 to > 500 m/yr +/- 10%, samples fluid for postrecovery chemical analysis, and is adaptable for use as a long-term real-time monitoring station. Laboratory and in situ testing demonstrate that the instrument meets temporal accuracy and resolution requirements necessary to detect transient flow events. In a deployment at an active seep site in Monterey Bay, the OTIS measured flow rates with tidal period variability. Time series analysis indicates flow rate and tide height records are in phase. This flow rate response to tides, together with seep fluid temperatures measured at the SWI of greater than 9 degrees C, suggests the seep is connected via a highly permeable fracture or other conduit to an overpressured aquifer at a depth of at least 110 m. We infer the hydrogeology of this well-like system is further complicated by additional fluid sources since (3)He/(4)He ratios are elevated, and there is a lack of correlation between flow rate and temperature records at frequencies lower than tidal frequencies. This short-duration deployment demonstrates the OTIS's potential to capture flow and chemistry transients associated with earthquakes and creep in the offshore environment.
Analysis of resistivity-at-the-bit (RAB) images acquired during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 204 to southern Hydrate Ridge, Oregon reveals changes in the distribution and orientation of resistive fractures between the different hydrologic provinces sampled. Fractures on the ridge crest at Sites 1247, 1248, and 1250, are typically high-angle (> 60 degrees) with isotropically distributed strikes, while those on the ridge flanks at Sites 1244-1246 have lower dips (20-60 degrees) and strike parallel to the trend of the ridge. The eastern slope basin, Site 1251, lacks significant fracturing. These differences indicate that the minimum principal stress (sigma(3)) direction rotates to horizontal at the ridge crest as a result of topographically-driven extension and gravitational collapse of the ridge. Chaotic fracturing on the ridge crest results from the interaction of the stress state and free gas migration, which is confined to high permeability sediments and fracture zones by capillary pressure constraints. In contrast, on the ridge flanks well ordered fractures that agree with stress orientations determined from borehole breakouts result from an obliquely dipping 93 and the predominance of aqueous, rather than gaseous, flow. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Continuous measurements of fluid flow were made over a six month period across the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica (Pacific), convergent margin utilizing osmotically-driven fluid flow meters designed to quantify both inflow and outflow rates on the order of similar to 10(-5) to 3 cm/d. Significant transience in flow was observed through the surface of the forearc. Three periods of correlated flow signals were seen on the subduction forearc among three instruments located in the out-of-sequence thrust (OOST) zone over along-margin strike distances of similar to 30 km. Amplitudes of ground velocity recorded on collocated ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) increase during the three correlated flow events. The seismic signal has frequency characteristics that resemble volcanic and non-volcanic tremor. We hypothesize that repeated plate boundary slow slip events, potentially originating at the up dip limit of the seismogenic zone, generate the observed signals within the toe of the forearc. We propose a model in which the poro-elastic stress/strain field around a series of creep dislocations simultaneously forces flow through fracture networks in the forearc and oceanic basement rocks and induces diffuse flow through the shallow sediments. The former generates the seismic tremor-like noise recorded by the OBSs and the latter generates the flow transients recorded by the fluid flow meters. We suggest that high sensitivity fluid flow meters can be utilized to detect transient tectonic strain events in offshore environments where traditional geodetic techniques lack resolution or are not possible. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A study of cold thermal anomalies identified in continuous down-core records of thermal structure acquired by an infrared (IR) camera during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 204 to southern Hydrate Ridge, is combined with core-based observations of structure and lithology, to present new insights into the influence of lithology on hydrate distribution in an accretionary margin. Hydrate distribution is spatially associated with <0.5 cm–thick, laterally discontinuous sand horizons that compose <1% of the sedimentary section at all sites. Proximity to the fractured ridge crest determines the extent to which individual sand horizons host hydrate, with 70% of the horizons hosting hydrate at the crest and only 29% in the basin. This trend is consistent with focused up-dip migration of fluids along permeable lithologic conduits, and shows that lateral flow may be as important as vertical diffusion and fracture flow in determining gas hydrate distribution at Hydrate Ridge.
The results of a deployment of aqueous flux meters at the Bush Hill hydrate mound show that persistent hydrologic instability is a primary feature of the globally abundant gas- and hydrate-rich cold seep environment. Seven flux meters were deployed for 14 weeks in the area of the Bush Hill hydrate mound. Instruments were deployed on microbial mats, bivalves, adjacent to the surface hydrate mound, and a site without visible fauna. Flow rates were observed to range from downflow of 0.01 mm/day to upflow of >15 mm/day. Temporal variability and a major hydrological event were observed to occur on all instruments. There is evidence that this event was related to a gas expulsion episode. The two instruments which exhibited downflow during the event were near surface hydrates and bubbling vents. Nearby instruments recorded a rapid increase in flow rates at the time of the event with a subsequent decrease in rates to the previous background values. Two instruments showed significant output of seawater-like fluids, while the others output typical methane seep-type pore fluids. These results at a passive margin site, along with our previously published convergent margin results at gas- rich northeast Pacific cold seeps (Hydrate Ridge, Eel River margin), illustrate the hydrologic complexity of these environments. We now propose that these and our earlier results are characteristic of seafloor environments which have abundant free gas and hydrates. These mechanisms have major consequences for the near-surface geochemical and microbial environment and for the way we interpret measurements made in these areas.
We show that both fault mineralogy and regional excess fluid pressure contribute to low resolved shear stresses on the Nankai subduction plate boundary off southwest Japan. Ring and direct shear tests indicate that saturated clay minerals in the fault possess intrinsically low residual friction coefficients (mu(r)) at stress levels between 1.0 and 40 MPa. The direct shear mu(r) values for purified smectite are similar to0.14+/-0.02, for illite similar to0.25+/-0.01, and for chlorite 0.26+/-0.02 (for point load velocities of 0.0001 mm/s). These clay minerals dominate the Nankai subduction decollement zone. Illite (plus quartz) is mechanically important in the altered incoming Muroto section and the predicted decollement mu(r) should lie between 0.2 and 0.32. This low residual strength, together with elevated fluid pressure, limits shear stresses to below similar to4 MPa within the frontal similar to50 kin of the subduction system, consistent with the low wedge taper in this region. A higher wedge taper off the Ashizuri peninsula indicates basal shear stresses rise slightly along strike towards this region. Our analysis indicates lower fluid pressures must predominantly be responsible because only small second order along strike variations in mu(r) are predicted to occur as a result of variations in smectite and total clay content. These variations should be further reduced at depth under the wedge as smectite is diagenetically altered to illite. However, our data suggest the low mu(r) values of the clay-rich decollement still limit shear stresses to between similar to17 and 29 MPa within the frontal similar to50 km of the wedge, consistent with other estimates of plate boundary weakness. Indeed, we propose that it should be expected that subduction plate boundaries like Nankai will be weak because of the intrinsic presence of clay-rich faults and moderate fluid overpressures. Our data do not support the hypothesis that the smectite-to-illite reaction directly controls the onset of seismogenic behavior deep in the Nankai system because there is already a mechanical dominance of illite (rather than smectite) in the shallow decollement zone, and we find all the clay phases tend to velocity strengthen. However, temperature-activated clay diagenesis and dehydration may cause secondary changes in the fault properties and state of stress across the up-dip limit of the seismogenic zone. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The Nankai and Barbados forearcs have low-stress subduction thrusts. The sediments entering the subduction zone, and namely the material in the decollement zones, have been well characterized by numerous deep-sea drilling legs and studies of the recovered cores. Nankai has high heat flow and significant amounts of illite, while Barbados is a smectite-dominated system. Based on results from ring shear (< 2 MPa normal stress) and direct shear (< 30 MPa) tests on marine sediments and mineral standards, this translates into a residual frictional resistance Of mu(r) = similar to0.25 and mu(r) = similar to0.11 in clay horizons, respectively. Such values agree with theoretical estimates from critical wedge theory (Nankai: mu(b) = similar to0.16-0.26 and Barbados: mu(b) = similar to0.06-0.09) and fault spacing geometries from seismic profiles (Nankai mu(b) = similar to0.12-0.23 and Barbados: mu(b) = similar to0.11-0.19). Maximum pore pressure ratios of lambda* = 0.85 and 0.73 for Nankai and Barbados, respectively, allow us to estimate effective shear stresses as a function of friction coefficient and density of the sediment gouge to reach only similar to10 MPa or less in the frontal similar to50 km of the decollement zone, respectively. Our data support the contention that fluid pressure transients and sediment composition contribute equally to the weakness along plate boundary faults down to the seismogenic zone, with the first probably dominating the shallow decollement. Shear velocity stepping tests show that the clay-dominated gouges strengthen velocity irrespective of the clay mineralogy, and hence suggest that clay transformation does not affect the onset of seismogenesis. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Relationships among fluid flow, sulfide concentration, sulfur bacteria and macrofaunal assemblages were examined at methane seeps on the northern California margin, near the mouth of the Eel River (512 to 525 m). Over a 6 mo period, sediments covered with microbial mats exhibited significant but variable outflow of altered fluids, with no flow reversals. This fluid flow was associated with high porewater sulfide concentrations (up to 20 mM) and almost no oxygen penetration of sediments (<0.1 mm). Vesicomya pacifica (clam) bed and non-seep sediments exhibited little net fluid outflow and similar oxygen penetration (3 and 4 mm, respectively); however, sulfide concentrations were higher in subsurface clam-bed sediments (up to 2 mM) than in non-seep sediments (<200 muM). Macrofaunal densities did not differ among the 3 habitats (13 800 to 16 800 ind. m(-2); >300 mum), but biomass and diversity (no. species per core, E(S-100), H') were lower and composition varied in the sulfidic microbial mat sediments relative to clam-bed and non-seep sediments. The community in microbial mat-covered sediments consisted largely (82%) of 6 species in the polychaete family Dorvilleidae, whereas the clam-bed and non-seep microhabitats supported a mixture of annelids, peracarid crustaceans, nemerteans, and mollusks. Vertical microprofiling of sulfide in animal cores indicated that most taxa avoid H2S concentrations >1 mM. However, sulfide-oxidizing filamentous bacteria, dorvilleid polychaetes and bivalves (mainly V. pacifica) exhibited highest densities at sulfide concentrations of 1 to 5 mM sulfide. Horizontal and vertical patterns of sulfide availability have a strong influence on the fine-scale distribution, structure and composition of macrofaunal assemblages inhabiting methane seeps and must be accounted for when characterizing the microbiology and ecology of seep habitats.
[1] Nonconservative excesses of dissolved metals in northern San Francisco Bay indicate that there are internal sources of metals within the bay. We quantified groundwater seepage and bioirrigation rates in this area to determine their roles in transporting dissolved metals from benthic sediments to surface waters. We deployed seepage meters and collected sediment, pore water, and bottom water samples at three sites. We determined seepage rates from seepage meters and modeled the transport of water through the sediment using pore water data to constrain rates of diffusion, advection, and bioirrigation. A groundwater flow model incorporating sediment physical properties and local topography constrains more regional seepage estimates. The seepage meters indicate upflow rates from 7 to 56 cm yr(-1) in March and April 1999 with some large (less than or equal to50 cm yr(-1)) daily fluctuations that greatly exceed predictions based on sediment physical properties and tidally induced pore pressure variations. During this period, results from modeling pore water chemical data are consistent with a small bioirrigation rate (<1.5 10(-7) s(-1)) relative to values determined for southern San Francisco Bay, and an average groundwater upwelling speed of 15 cm yr(-1). The speed and direction of flow changed throughout the year, with best fits to the data ranging from 20 cm yr(-1) upflow to 34 cm yr(-1) downflow and averaging 4 cm yr(-1) upflow. Confidence intervals (95%) are about +/-10 cm yr(-1) for this method, yet the range of acceptable seepage rates for temporally successive periods only overlap in one of four cases, suggesting that temporal variability can be discerned from potential artifacts. Groundwater flow modeling suggests that the seepage rates determined at our sites represent &SIM;45% of the average seepage rate for the area, applying one consolidation and permeability relationship to all sediments. If we apply these approximations to all of northern San Francisco Bay, benthic fluxes of dissolved metals to the surface waters could account for a relatively large amount (&LE;60%) of the unknown sources of dissolved cobalt and a relatively small amount (&LE;4%) of the unknown sources of dissolved silver, cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc. More focused groundwater discharge or elevated metals concentrations are required to have a larger impact on trace element budgets in this setting.
Extensive deposits of methane hydrate characterize Hydrate Ridge in the Cascadia margin accretionary complex. The ridge has a northern peak at a depth of about 600 in, which is covered by extensive carbonate deposits, and an 800 in deep southern peak that is predominantly sediment covered. Samples collected with benthic instrumentation and from Alvin push cores reveal a complex hydrogeologic system where fluid and methane fluxes from the seafloor vary by several orders of magnitude at sites separated by distances of only a few meters. We identified three distinct active fluid regimes at Hydrate Ridge. The first province is represented by discrete sites of methane gas ebullition, where the bulk of the flow occurs through channels in which gas velocities reach 1 m s(-1). At the northern summit of the ridge the gas discharge appears to be driven by pressure changes on a deep gas reservoir, and it is released episodically at a rate of similar to 6 X 10(4) mol day(-1) following tidal periodicity. Qualitative observations at the southern peak suggest that the gas discharge there is driven by more localized phenomena, possibly associated with destabilization of massive gas hydrate deposits at the seafloor. The second province is characterized by the presence of extensive bacterial mats that overlay sediments capped with methane hydrate crusts, both at the northern and southern summits. Here fluid typically flows out of the sediments at rates ranging from 30 to 100 cm yr(-1). The third province is represented by sites colonized by vesicomyid clams, where bottom seawater flows into the sediments for at least some fraction of the time. Away from the active gas release sites, fluid flows calculated from pore water models are in agreement with estimates using published flowmeter data and numerical model calculations. Methane fluxes out of mat-covered sites range from 30 to 90 mmol m(-2) day(-1), whereas at clam sites the methane flux is less than I mmol m(-2) day(-1). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Multiple, long-term measurements of aqueous and chemical flux through regions of active fluid seeps and gas vents on Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia accretionary prism, were accomplished during 1998 and 1999 as part of the international TECFLUX project. These measurements indicate that flow is highly heterogeneous in both time and space with areas of inflow, outflow, and outflow of fluids of both altered and seawater-like composition. While tectonics is the dominant underlying driving force in fluid expulsion, we suggest that much of the shallow expression of this flow is modulated by more complex hydrological processes. These dynamic processes may include gas expulsion-driven pumping and aqueous entrainment in migrating gas, buoyancy-driven fracturing of overlying sediments, rapid changes in the permeability distribution due to injection of gas and the formation of gas hydrates, migrating flow conduits, and tidally driven flow oscillations. By placing the flow rate observations obtained during the two field seasons in the context of the distribution and nature of the seepage sites, we develop a conceptual model of the spatial and temporal interactions between various processes that appear be active at Hydrate Ridge. We further discuss: (1) evidence for the existence of a subsurface gas transport system and discuss the mechanisms which maintain it, (2) estimates of the in situ permeability of seep settings and evidence for, and the mechanisms controlling temporal changes in permeability, and (3) changes in seep output fluid chemistry which may relate to the above hydrological processes.
Significant quantities of fluids and dissolved geochemical components are expelled through the sediment surface in ocean margin and sedimented ridge environments. Recently, significant interest has been generated in constraining hydrological processes in these environments, but direct measurement of fluid flow in the marine environment has proven to be difficult and many aspects of marine hydrogeology remain poorly understood. To address the need for a means to make a significant number of direct measurements in a wide range of low to moderate flow environments, we have developed a new type of benthic aqueous flux meter that is capable of measuring diffuse fluid flow through the sediment surface on the order of 0.1 mm yr(-1)-15 m yr(-1) when the flow is through sediments with permeabilities of less than 10(-8) cm(2) (typical seafloor sediments). The instrument measures fluid flow by determining the degree of dilution of a chemical tracer that is injected by an osmotic pump at a known rate into the fluids venting into or out of a collection chamber situated on the sea bed. The pump also withdraws a subsample of this tracer/fluid mix into sample coils allowing a serial record of the flow rates to be determined. Both upward and downward flow can be measured and, when flux rates are high enough to effectively flush the collecting chamber, the instruments also act as geochemical samplers. Three years of laboratory testing and field use have constrained the effects of (1) temperature, pressure, and deployment duration on osmotic pump performance, (2) dispersion/diffusion in the sample coils, and (3) deflection of flow under a range of sediment permeabilities. Recent deployments on the Kodiak and Cascadia accretionary prisms document the range and capabilities of the instrument in the field. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Our recent measurements of long-term fluid flux rates and output fluid chemistry at seep sites on Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia, suggest that the mechanisms driving fluid flow in gas hydrate bearing forearc settings may be significantly more complex than previously thought. Temporal changes in the polarity and magnitude of flow and in seep fluid chemistry were observed. The nature of flow appears to generate a strong response in the chemosynthetic seep community ecology. We document here: 1) the frequency and range of temporal variability in flow rates, 2) the relatively rapid changes in outflow composition, 3) strong outflow of seawater-like fluids, 4) the association of Calyptogena (sp) clams with oscillatory and inflow settings, and 5) microbial mat communities associated with strong advection of altered fluids. These results suggest that a reappraisal may be required of the nature of the hydrologic system and its effect on related processes such as benthic seep community ecology and biogeochemical cycles.
The presence of low-chloride fluids in the lowermost sediments drilled at Ocean Drilling Program Site 808, at the Nankai accretionary wedge, has been considered as prime evidence for long-distance, lateral fluid flow from depth, Here, we re-evaluate the potential role of in situ reaction of smectite (S) to illite (I) in the genesis of this low chloride anomaly. This reaction is known to be occurring at Site 808, with both the S content and S to I ratio in the mixed layer clays decreasing substantially with depth. We show that the bulk of the chloride anomaly can generate by in situ clay dehydration, particularly if pre-reaction smectite abundances (A(i)) approach similar to 10-15% of the bulk sediment. The A(i) values, however, are not well constrained. At A(i) values < 10-15%, an additional source of low-Cl fluid centered close to the decollement could be required. Thus, there remains the important possibility that the observed low-Cl anomaly is a compound effect of both lateral flow and in situ smectite dehydration. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Presented is new experimental evidence that smectites can partially dehydrate from 18.5 Angstrom to 15.4 Angstrom hydrates when they are subjected to effective mineral framework stresses above 1.3 +/- 0.3 MPa. We show here that this process can substantially freshen saline pore fluids and impact our understanding of the hydrogeologic processes in convergent margins where smectites are abundant. The general anomalous freshening of pore fluids in the N. Barbados accretionary wedge was previously proposed to relate to the widespread lateral expulsion of fluids derived from mineral dehydration reactions at great depth. In contrast, our analysis suggests that a significant part of the widespread anomalous freshening relates to stress-induced smectite dehydration that occurred during the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) pore water extraction process. Clear evidence for long-distance lateral flow appears to be limited to localized chloride and isotopic anomalies developed in a 20 m thick, locally mineralized region at the top of decollement horizon at Site 948. Our reinterpretation is consistent with the fluid flow in the decollement zone being (1) highly transient on time scales of several hundreds of years, and (2) channeled laterally into heterogeneous finger-like flow paths that are apparently not intersected, and/or sampled by drilling in most regions at the toe of the wedge. The incipient stress-induced dehydration of smectite may also be buffering in situ fluid pressures in the wedge, maintaining the effective stresses at similar to 1.3 MPa. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. AU rights reserved.
California Environment, Earth and Planetary Chemistry, Earth Through Space and Time, Energy and the Environment, Environment and Human Health, Global Change, Hazards, Ice and Climate, Instruments and Innovation
Hydrogeology, Seismology and Earthquake Physics
Mailing Address: GRDScripps Institution of OceanographyUC San Diego9500 Gilman Drive #0225La Jolla CA, 92093-0225
Location: 320 IGPP/Munk LabTel: 858-822-4077Fax: 858-822-3310Lab website:
kmbrown at ucsd.edu


text:
My hope in posting this is not to make you depressed that you can't get out and climb this wintry weekend, but rather to show you some incredible things happening in the world of rock climbing.
Here are two different takes of the same film from Corey Rich. It's a first ascent by David Lama in Lebanon and the scenery is absolutely breathtaking. The climb is incredible, but I would love to get tot he location just to see it.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Types of Interior Doors to choose from
There are a number of interior doors you can choose from with the aim of making sure that your house becomes classy. The Modern Doors are the best doors for your interior sections such as the closets and the wall wardrobes. They are referred to as the barn doors simply because they slide over a rail fixed on the top. They are easy to open since one needs to slide it over and get an access into the wardrobe or other interior sections of your house.
There is also the glass barn doors which ok more like the modern barn doors and the only difference is that the latter is made of glass while the earlier one if made from a mixture of glass fiber and plastic but the rails are made of steel bar with ridges. These ridges allows the door wheels to slide over hence aiding in opening or closing of the door.
The accordion closet doors are also interior doors which are actually designed in such a way that they can shrink when pushed against the wall and they can stretch and flatten when pulled. This is one of the mazing interior doors because not many people have the audacity to install in their interiors simply because they look complex. The accordion closet doors are made of fiber plastic with small hinges in between the plates. These are the basis that aid the door to either shrink of flatten. In a house, rooms are very important spaces and where the specific activities are been performed. Living room is an area of reception as well as welcome for the visitors. Kitchen is where food preparation and cooking is done. Dining room where family eats the meals. Bedrooms are the areas where every member has got personal space for sleep or keep all the valuables items. Bathrooms are areas for accomplishing the private matters. Structural design of your house is important in determining functionality of the circulatory pattern. It is mainly dependent on placement of your interior doors.
The doors are an access points that members of all household use for moving from place to place. Proper placement of these doors makes sure reasonable transportation and comfortable of your inhabitants inside home. The interior doors are actually one of basic elements of every household. Every room has got the door, and each door is important for the right circulation inside your house. It will be tough to move in & out of the place in case it has got no door. It is a reason why interior doors must get placed in the suitable locations. But, accessibility isn't an only concern of the homeowners about their interior doors. As the interior parts of your house, the room doors contribute on overall quality of your interior design of your home. The awkwardly placed door that doesn't match this design of your house makes this stand to out, as well as people who come in your house all turn on the odd appearance.


text: Week One Life Drawing January 19, 2013 For this drawing I decided to use charcoal on toned paper and to concentrate on the upper half of the figure. What originally struck me about this pose was the shadow on the breast bone and ribs. I really liked how upright the model was standing, with her shoulders just slightly pulled back.At the first stage of the drawing, I just lay out the figure and block in the shadows, concentrating on describing the forms as simply but accurately as possible. Stage one. Now I've started to pull out some of the lights and define the darks and the mid tones in the torso and background, but not in the head. Stage two. Now I've tightened up the value structure and rendered the form. I decided to crop the picture, leaving out the head, since what really interested me about the drawing was the shadow-shape in the torso. Stage three.


text:
When Anheuser-Busch, the world's largest beer producer, broke ground on a $175 million expansion to their Metal Container Corporation plant in Jacksonville, FL in March 2016, they promised to provide 75 new jobs and a completed facility by January 2017.
In order to keep up with the growing popularity of their 16 oz. aluminum bottles, previously manufactured only in their St. Louis, MO plant, Anheuser-Busch required a production facility capable of turning out 1.5 million bottles a day for their nearby Jacksonville brewery as well as storing the bottles for distribution.
As soon as the shovels hit the dirt, the clock started ticking on North America's largest capital expenditure (capex) project for 2016. Construction not only had to be completed on a tight timeline, but also without disrupting the existing production at Metal Container Corporation, which operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Haskell Tapped for the Task
Anheuser-Busch tapped the duo of Haskell and Benham to design, engineer, and construct the new one story, 192,405 square foot plant by their first quarter 2017 deadline. The success of this project is directly attributed to the large integrated team of construction and design professionals that executed the project.
Though it was the first collaborative project for Haskell and Benham, acquired by Haskell in 2016, the teams worked together seamlessly. Haskell, led by project manager Chip Oldham, designed and constructed the facility, while Benham provided the engineering plans, process equipment, and associated systems for the production line.
"We sequenced the work so that Benham could get into the facility and start working while we were still finishing our part," said Oldham, who brings decades of experience with large and fast paced projects to the Haskell team.
Steel Built for Success
An advantage for Haskell in keeping the construction crews moving came from the company's own steel fabrication complex located just a few miles from the Metal Container Corporation. Because Haskell was able to fabricate and deliver steel and concrete materials directly to the construction site, budgets and deadlines were met or exceeded along the project timeline.
Haskell Crosses the Goal Line
After pouring 450,000 man hours into the project in just under ten months, teams from Haskell and Benham celebrated as the first pallets of Budweiser and Bud Light aluminum bottles rolled off the line in January 2017 -- just in time for thirsty fans gearing up for Super Bowl 50.
"The goal was to help our client expand their production and market share," said Oldham. "We were able to provide a turnkey solution that met those needs."
Do you have a large project that needs to be completed with a quick turnaround? Contact Chip Oldham, Project Manager for more information at email@example.com.
Related Content
Anheuser-Busch InBev gears up for aluminum bottles with big Westside plant expansion
Construction begins on new beer bottle plant in Jacksonville


text:
The SNU Center for Campus Life and Culture has diagnosed numerous SNU students with the so-called "SNU disease," and is looking for ways to cure it. SNU disease is not a real disease, but refers to the compulsiveness and anxiety problems many SNU students have. SNU students who have been star students most of their lives have trouble accepting anything that falls short of perfect. When freshmen students receive their first GPA, they may begin to think of themselves as inferior and stop socializing. Last year, the Center for Campus Life and Culture offered 7,122 counseling sessions and 97 of them were about suicidal thoughts. In response, SNU plans to establish an Emergency Action Committee (name not yet final) and provide special help to high-risk students. The Center for Campus Life and Culture will double the budget and number of staff to shorten the wait time for counseling seekers, as last year the longest waiting period was 55 days.
Published in Yonhap News
Summary by LEE Hee Un, SNU English Editor, firstname.lastname@example.com
Proofread by Melora Brett Briana Johnson, firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
The only two steps to understanding mental health.
The last five years have been a busy time for mental health problems making the news. We've had numerous mass killings by shooters who allegedly suffered from various mental health problems; Andreas Lubitz, who had a long history of battling depression, intentionally crashed a flight killing all 149 passengers on board; actor Robin Williams committed suicide, which led to a very public discourse about suicide and it's supposed "selfishness;" and just a few years ago, Representative Gabrielle Giffords was gunned down by a man who was later discovered to suffer from paranoid schizophrenia.
These are just a few of the newsworthy events we have seen recently that were related to mental health. They all have one thing in common: someone battling a mental health problem doing something dangerous, scary, or harmful.
Stories like this are sad. And they make us afraid.
When people do scary and harmful things for reasons we don't understand, it strikes fear in our bones. We don't know what to do, so we usually blame and stigmatize to numb our discomfort. Fear is the natural response to things we don't understand. The more we don't understand something, the more afraid we become of it. And I can think of nothing more feared and stigmatized today than issues and concerns around mental health. But I would like to offer you a different template for understanding mental health that can help to make events like these less nonsensical, and a little less scary.
The first ingredient I use to help me better understand mental health is empathy. When I am afraid of something, it's usually a sure sign that I don't understand it. So, in order to decrease my fear, I have learned to move toward that person or thing to try and get a more honest understanding of what it would be like to be them. This requires that I ask honest and respectful questions with an open mind.
In the aftermath of the above tragedies, I heard some pretty unempathetic statements. I heard some version of the following in my conversations with people after each of the events:
"People with mental health disorders should not be able to be pilots. Don't you know that crazy people don't need a job where they are responsible for the lives of others?"
"Robin Williams was so selfish. I cannot think of a more selfish action than committing suicide. He should have known better."
"Some crazy lunatic got ahold of a gun and shot down a politician. We need to lock up these schizophrenics so the world can be a safer place."
These statements do not address the reality of mental health and do nothing to offer a constructive solution that's based in fact. Rather, they are statements seeped in blame to relieve the person's own fear and feelings of powerlessness.
Empathetic statements achieve the opposite. Empathy doesn't seek answers in blame. Empathy seeks answers in truth. It fosters a curiosity to understand others—to get a better sense of what it's like to be someone else, so better solutions can be found.
Empathy sounds like this:
I wonder what people who struggle with mental health problems today are finding helpful? What can friends and family members of those struggling do to help and what resources do they have?
I don't understand how someone can hurt so badly that it would cause them to take their own life. I need to ask someone I know who has battled depression how that works.
These mass shootings are really scary. I wonder if all people who battle mental health disorders act in such violent ways? Who can I ask to find that out?
These are the beginning wonderings of someone who is operating from a place of empathy rather than blame and fear. And if someone is honestly asking these questions, their empathy will naturally enlarge. The honest pursuit of truth usually leads us to connection with others and breeds more compassion.
This leads to the second thing I have found to help understand mental health: good information. There are a lot of myths floating around about mental health that do not have one shred of truth to them. And, sadly, they continue to get perpetuated. In order to truly understand something, we have to make sure we are getting reliable information from reliable sources, and we need to understand the facts. Consider these myths that were widely publicized after a major mental health news story:
Schizophrenics are usually violent and dangerous. Actually, being diagnosed with schizophrenia does not make someone violent. Someone with schizophrenia can become violent if they use drugs and alcohol. But so can anyone who abuses substances.
People who commit suicide are selfish. This is a bit more subjective, but it is my opinion (as well as many other mental health professionals) that suicide is not rooted in selfishness. Often people who are suicidal are so depressed that they feel their mere presence makes others more miserable. So in their depressed state, ridding the world of themselves seems perfectly reasonable and kind.
Mental illness makes someone unsuitable for many jobs. Let's be clear: many people will suffer from some form of mental illness in their lifetime. And most people will not commit a violent act. Depression was not the only factor that caused Lubitz to crash the plane. We may never know the entirety of his reasoning, but one thing I do know: using depression as a sole scapegoat does nothing to decrease the stigma of mental illness or solve the problem.
If you'd like a good place to start to begin accessing good information about mental health, I would suggest brushing up on some of the mental health basics. The National Institute for Mental Health does a great job of explaining some of the basic mental illnesses and why they occur. Also, Mind for Better Health has some great resources to help nonprofessionals understand how they can help others who are struggling.
Practice saying the words 'depression,' 'suicide,' and 'anxiety' so they roll off the tongue easily. They aren't bad words. Start conversations. Ask someone if they are depressed if you see the symptoms. Become known as a safe person that isn't afraid to talk about mental health.
By combining empathy and good information, hopefully you will notice a change in how you begin comprehending mental health. Maybe you will begin to understand people better by seeing the person instead of the suicide. Or hear the suffering instead of the disorder. Perhaps you'll begin to feel empathy instead of judgment.
The first place to start is usually to simply listen. Listen to what is being said about mental health in your circles and listen to those around you who are struggling firsthand with a mental health problem. One of my favorite authors, Margaret Wheatley, describes listening as 'holy.' Let's practice holy listening together to elevate the conversation about mental health. Let's listen intelligently and compassionately—pay attention, ask good questions, and walk in another's shoes to get a better understanding of how mental health affects all of us.


text:
Columbus - In One Word
Columbus are a Microsoft Gold Partner, we were tasked with creating a series of videos showcasing why people should work for Columbus.
We created 7 videos utilising footage from their annual company event showcasing the working enivironment and benefits of working with Columbus. With this video we asked team members to sum up their experiences with Columbus in one word.
Related portfolio items
We visited one of the UK's newest Challenger banks to capture how Microsoft were enabling Redwood to offer business customers a service that incumbent banks couldn't offer them.
A visually engaging animation created for Unilever to launch their new intranet and demonstrate its new capability to staff.
Animation created to help Dell promote warranties, household scenarios were created to evoke an emotional connection.


text:
Merry Christmas
Merry Christmas! Advertisements
Merry Christmas! Advertisements
This post was inspired by fellow Word Press blogger On and Off Rhodes. I used to hate GU. That was before I tried their new peanut butter-flavored energy gel. Normally, the combination of GU's consistency and poor flavors has me keeping GU products at an arms length (I've even supplied my own energy gels when…
I bought this Nathan water belt a couple years ago and it is an epic fail! I spent something like $25 for it and it bounces around no matter how tight I cinch it, chafes my lower back and is very difficult to remove the water bottle from the pouch mid-run. I do not recommend purchasing this product!
I just bought these new trail shoes at EMS for $38 and can't wait to try them out!


text: Elevated blood viscosity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Yerba maté (Ilex paraguariensis, Aquifoliaceae) tea, a popular South American beverage made from the leaves, has been found to have lipid-lowering effects, antioxidant activity, and other potential cardiovascular benefits. There were, however, no clinical studies that evaluated the effects of yerba maté tea on blood viscosity. So, the aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the effects of yerba maté tea on blood viscosity, microcirculatory parameters, and other CVD risk factors in subjects with high blood viscosity.


text:
It isn't often that we get to say we have an open schedule, but for me, today is one of those days (at least for the most part). Due to an event that ended up being cancelled, I have a few items on my schedule this afternoon, but the rest of the day will allow me to do some catch-up work, something that I am greatly looking forward to.
I might even have the chance to work a bit ahead, something that, as of late, has been tougher and tougher for me to do.
While this might sound silly, or counter to the main idea, we all need to make sure that we schedule in times where we aren't scheduled.
I remember reading, not too long ago, a post by someone from Google who was discussing the importance of building free-time into our work schedules. Basically, the post discussed that we were all too busy, and too busy to actually get the time in for us to reflect, think differently, and further enjoy our work.
My current role is one where, partially because of all that I am involved in, and partially because of the role itself, I find most days with little time to reflect and relax. What is so interesting, is because I like my work so much, I often don't realize the need for that down-time as much as I should.
But, on a day like today, where I have some flexibility in my schedule, it reminds me of the importance of taking that time to catch-up, work ahead, or explore new ideas. Maybe I should start scheduling in this unscheduled time on a regular basis!


text:
I am currently selling farm rentals for bfgs.
Here's how it works.
You, the buyer/renter, request one of the 3 farmables I provide. I put them into my magplants and you have 8 hours to break everything. The entire bfg will be available to you and only you. (And some friends if u wish). Auto farming is prohibited, along with macros or any third party software.
Prices are as follow:
Peppers- 7wls/farm
Laser Grids-13wls/farm
Prices are non-negotiable and payment will be taken first. PM me on the forums or on discord @ Yell0wTail#2910 if you're interested


text:
Logo, Web & Mobile Design
This was a freelance project for a food company who wanted to be a well-known fast-food chain. The company planned to sell hotdogs in stalls and food trucks at festivals to promote themselves and then open restaurants. They asked me to create their logo, brand identity and visual design for their web and mobile platforms.
My reference for this project was underground transportation systems. I have adapted the subway station concept that will remind customers how easy to reach one of the food carts or restaurants on their way to work, home etc. Colors used are also inspired by London underground services.
For the UI, I designed a simple responsive web page that will be easy and comfortable to use in mobile.


text:
Allostery Working Group
Despite the major therapeutic and financial potential for the identification and targeting of allosteric binding sites within proteins, no rational method has been described for the predictive identification of these sites. This represents a significant opportunity in the area of drug discovery research.
SMSdrug.net, the British Council and the Royal Society of Chemistry's Chemistry Biology Interface Division has supported meetings of a working group dedicated to pursuing rational allosteric drug discovery. The group consists of academic and industrial researchers with expertise in structural biology, informatics, computational chemistry and drug
discovery. The group are investigating ways to rationally predict allosteric binding sites in proteins and to design ligands that bind to such sites with the view to opening up novel targets. The aim of the group is to develop a platform of technologies to address the challenge of allosteric site prediction and ligand design.
Towards this end, a Centre for Rational Allosteric Drug Design (CRADD) has been established, two PhD studentships and a postdoctoral fellowship in allosteric drug discovery have been funded, and a US-based in silico drug discovery company has been engaged.
Allostery Working Group Meetings:
|12th April 2012
|29th June 2012
|Predictive and Rational Allosteric Site Identification
|4th December 2012
|Allostery Workshop
|5th December 2012
|Predictive and Rational Allosteric Site Identification
|30th April 2014
|Allosteric Drug Design
Centre For Rational Allosteric Drug Discovery (CRADD)
Through a combined research effort of molecular modelling, informatics, synthesis, medicinal chemistry and biological evaluation across three Departments within the University of Strathclyde together with structural support provided by the SGC Oxford this research grouping aims to
- Deliver the first in silico designed allosteric binding inhibitor for a kinase
- Establish SID-MD analysis as a major tool for structure-based allosteric drug discovery through crystallographic validation
- Provide a bespoke method for the identification and validation of allosteric binding sites within proteins
CRADD Meetings :
|11th October 2012
|A computational method for identifying allosteric binding sites in kinases
|Nizar Al-Shar'i
|6th November 2012
|Topology & Allostery
|Mark Dufton
|16th January 2013
|The Great(ish) Allostery Quiz 2012
|Blair Johnston
|12th March 2013
|Project Update
|John Wilson
|17th April 2013
|What makes an allosteric inhibitor?
|Gerard van Westen
|Project Update
|Anthony Vassileiou
|18th June 2013
|Pharmacophore Training Workshop
|Blair Johnston
|30th August 2013
|Project Update
|Camille Indey
|3rd October 2012
|Literature Review
|Nahoum Anthony
|26th November 2013
|SID Interface Project
|Chris Foley
|21st January 2014
|Project Update
|Anthony Vassileiou
|20th February 2014
|Project Update
|Lola Beltran-Molina
To find out more please contact us.


text: I was part of a team tasked with re-designing the website for the City of Baltimore. The site is anchored by a customized search experience that helps residents easily find information. Category-based sections help guide citizens to the most common tasks such as paying a parking ticket or obtaining a marriage license.


text:
by Puleng Matsaneng
Our history is throwing us backwards and forwards in many ways. To be more specific: in the last few weeks we have had a number of schools featured in the media for the wrong reasons. In a country where we should be striving for equality across gender and race, we find ourselves grappling with schools which still practice racial discrimination. There is a lot missing in our society. Social cohesion is not happening in the places we would expect it to happen. When our humanity is fully present it will seek to bring our nation together. True humanity unifies people with each other using their individual gifts, languages, cultures, norms and values.
The issue of hair is an old one which our society should have moved on from. The girls affected by the discriminatory policies at some schools were born after the apartheid era. Why is it that our society is still degrading or punishing those who look different? We all have different gifts and talents and these individual gifts and talents should not separate us. They should help us learn from each other and be the key to our wealth as a nation.
The apartheid system created pain and hatred. As a child I can remember that we were not allowed to straighten our hair. Teachers in our schools told us that our hair needed to be "natural". Combing black natural hair can be painful and complicated. Some days, when I left home, I would have combed my hair but by the time I got to school it would look like short dreadlocks. Hair that looked like short dreadlocks, according to some, looked uncombed and untidy.
Perhaps you also remember the struggles I am recalling here. Black hair was called "kaffer haar". ("Kaffer" is a derogatory word used to refer to a black person. Its usage was widespread and acceptable in the days of apartheid. "Haar" is an Afrikaans word meaning "hair".) When I was a little girl I used to ask my parents what "kaffer haar" meant. They explained to me that it was "hard hair". I can clearly remember seeing the pain they felt – in their eyes – as they explained this to me. It was as if our hair was not worthy of being on someone's head. It was seen as being "ugly" by others. It's time for South Africans to take the time to understand each other's history and how this still impacts on our society today.
Straight, curly, black or white: we all look different and we all have different gifts and talents. Does it really matter? Should our schools – who shape our future generations – not be focusing on school policies that will bring us together instead of dividing us?
Rules are needed but when they divide us they should be reconsidered. As Christians we follow Jesus Christ – hopefully without hesitating. Jesus' values are "set" and they will never change. These were given to us from God, with love, and we should be doing the same. We should strive to be loving and understanding like God. We should set rules associated with love and understanding for others.


text:
Thank you for your interest in supporting the Audi • INFINITI •
Volvo Cars of Mission Viejo Golf Classic Supporting Mission Hospital.
Your generosity will allow us to provide excellence to our community in
the new Leonard Cancer Institute, currently under construction. We greatly
appreciate your Spirit of Giving!
If you any questions, please contact Christy Welch at (949) email@example.com or Jennifer Garner at (949) email@example.com. Fed Tax ID: 95-1643360
Join the Conversation: #MHGolf
Download Sponsorship/Underwriting Opportunities Packet


text:
Search found 2 matches
Search found 2 matches • Page 1 of 1
- Wed Aug 16, 2017 3:17 am
- Forum: Ren'Py Questions and Announcements
- Topic: Drag and Drop Tutorial-ish thing
- Replies: 19
- Views: 7611
Re: Drag and Drop Tutorial-ish thing
sorry to bring out an old thread, but I am wondering if there's a way to detect if a slot is being dragged out of? Right now the code knows when a draggable is dropped into a defined area. What I want to do is detect if a piece that is dropped on an area, which is then dragged out of the drop area a...
- Tue Aug 01, 2017 12:51 pm
- Forum: Ren'Py Cookbook
- Topic: Dating Sim Engine (DSE) 4.0! Day Planner and Event Manager
- Replies: 174
- Views: 45898
Re: Dating Sim Engine (DSE) 3.12! Day Planner and Event Manager
Hi there, Is there anyway to make use of the events outside of the planner? I am planning to use the events for certain actions that don't consume a period so that players can continue doing whatever they want until major stuffs Edit: After reading through the thread and testing some stuffs, I manag...
Search found 2 matches • Page 1 of 1


text:
Maj 5. 2013Tonight I was shooting at SPOT Festival for Soundvenue again. This time i was shooting Den Sorte Skole, Turboweekend, Cancer, and Vinnie Who. This night was kind of hectic but I think these photos are worth it. Really like the one below with Den Sorte Skole - psychedelic!! I am done for now at SPOT Festival shooting for Soundvenue. Been a while since i shot concert photos but this was great, especially working like this. Normally i tend to shoot a lot of pictures to make a series, but for this job i knew i only had to shoot one or two photos. I tried to test myself on how fast i could get the picture i wanted, took more-or-less 3 minutes every time - so there i can really feel that i have improved. Even though the light settings at SPOT Festival was horrible combining red and blue light. That really sucked! But I don't care.. photoshop is my friend.
Den Sorte Skole
Vinnie Who


text:
Industrial real estate isn't the only market with a strong 2016 outlook, as the office market is also experiencing a balanced and busy year ahead. In Q4 of last year, Downtown Vancouver had a 9.3% vacancy rate, the suburbs were at 11.3%, and Metro Vancouver experienced 10.4%. Jeff Lim, Vice President of Leasing at Bentall Kennedy, said at our last Breakfast Event that this first quarter is the "busiest I've ever been", noting that similar volume hasn't been seen since 2008.
Naturally, a healthy economy means businesses are in need of office space to accommodate their growing staff. And though the natural resources market has fallen, "tech bailed us out", according to Paula Wright, Leasing Director of Manulife Real Estate. Currently leasing close to 800,000 square feet of office space in Metro Vancouver, the technology and digital media sector are leading all other industries considerably. At a distant second place are consumer goods followed by legal services, architectural/engineering, and financial services.
Other factors that have contributed to the current office market include positive migration and population growth. With more potential staff to employ, companies are drawn to this corner of Canada to monopolize on west coast talent. The rising American dollar has also made Vancouver an attractive choice, particularly to tech companies.
And with our picturesque backdrop, world-renowned mountains, and laidback lifestyle, it's no wonder that companies from the U.S. are enticed to relocate up north. Location is one of the most important factors to tenants, and Paula explains that companies need to attract the largest demographic of the workforce, millennials, by offering impressive office spaces in buildings close to transit.
Matt Walker, a Principal at Avison Young, also notes that flexibility has become a major factor in a tenant's decision-making process. Because tech companies are always changing, they could rapidly grow or fold in just a few months. This means they can't predict whether they'll need more office space within six months, a year, or three. Therefore, they need shorter contracts and flexibility to accommodate the fast-paced lifestyle.
While leading experts agree that Vancouver's office market is currently healthy, balanced, and normalized, there are some concerns that could affect the future of this dynamic market. Stay tuned, as we'll cover these issues in our next blog post!


text:
Two Bedroom duplex with large yard only 15 minutes from downtown, and very close to all major highways. Laminate flooring through out, with stainless steel appliances. Please text the tenant to schedule a showing.
Electricity Available, Natural Gas Available
Dishwasher, Disposal, Microwave Oven, Range-Free Standing
|Price Reduced from $1,150 to $1,095
Property Listed by: Twelve Rivers Realty
The information being provided is for consumers' personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.
Based on information from the Austin Board of REALTORS® (alternatively, from ACTRIS) from September 17th, 2019 at 7:30am CDT. Neither the Board nor ACTRIS guarantees or is in any way responsible for its accuracy. The Austin Board of REALTORS®, ACTRIS and their affiliates provide the MLS and all content therein "AS IS" and without any warranty, express or implied. Data maintained by the Board or ACTRIS may not reflect all real estate activity in the market.
All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified.


text:
Primary 6/7 Mentoring Groups
A mentoring programme that targets P6 pupils can be established using the YMCA Scotland's 'Achieve Your Potential' resource. This kind of project has supports many young people who benefited from having their own mentor. It can help them with the transition to secondary school and prepares them for their big move. The mentors are all volunteers from the local church. Although not a requirement, good volunteers are retired people bringing with them many years of life experience.
Mentors need to be understanding and be empathetic to the needs of the individuals. Taking a non-judgmental approach, the mentor needs to be patient and committed to the young person.
The programme combines group activities, games and challenges with one to one work. Initially the programme follows the YMCA material, but after that the team will design the programme around the identified needs of the group and the skills offered by the mentors. Essentially the mentor is standing by the child at a time in education when they might most need it, and in doing so, putting into practice their Christian faith.
How could you start this yourself?
- Do some research into what the schools already do with pupils to prepare them for transition.
- Speak to a depute or the Head teacher about the idea to see if it is worth persuing.
- Start to identify suitable mentors and see if they would be willing to give time
- Make sure appropriate PVG checks are done and child protection training is given.
- Look at the YMCA material and start to think how you can adapt it to your own context.


text:
Important Dates to Remember
Oct. 26, 6 PM–Fall Festival/Trail of Legends
Oct. 30-Nov 3–HS Play: Midsummer Night's Dream
Oct, 31–Dollars for Duds, $2 for costume
Nov. 6–Picture Retakes and Senior Group Photo
Nov. 8–PTO Meeting
Nov. 12–Veteran's Day, No School Save
Nov. 16-17–JH Musical: High School Musical
Nov. 21-22–Thanksgiving Break
Nov. 29th–Dollars for Duds
Dec. 1–Helicopter Santa Community Event
Dec. 6–Band/Orchestra/Guitar Concert
Dec. 6–Choir Concert
Dec. 7–Dance Concert
Dec. 8–Day of Service
Dec. 10–Drama's Night of Treteau
Dec. 13–PTO Meeting
Dec. 14–Dance Performance
Dec. 17–20–Finals Week, please plan on attending every day
Dec. 18th, 6:00–Parent Arts Retreat Meeting
Dec. 20th–Dollars for Duds
Dec. 24-Jan.3–Christmas Break, No School
Jan. 7–First Day of Second Semester
Dollars for Duds for October has been rescheduled to Halloween. This year costumes are allowed! $2 for costumes. No heavy face paint, no masks, and please follow Heritage dress standards found here.
Friday, October 26th
6:00 Food and Games
7:00 Performances
$5 for a 12-punch card for carnival games
$5 for performances
A representative from the University of Arizona will be on campus Thursday, November 1. Stop by and visit with him during lunch. No appointment necessary.
Friday, November 2, 7 PM
Saturday, November 3, 3 PM
Saturday, November 3, 7 PM
Kroc Center
1375 East Baseline
Tickets for all of our performances will now be online. Online ticketing for all fall performing arts events is live!
Go to this link to purchase your tickets now.
Or go to PurplePass.com and search "heritage academy" to find all our events.
All tickets are sold online and are print-at-home. New this year is a Season Pass for those families who have children in every single fine arts performance. This pass allows a purchaser to choose six events this fall for a total of $30 (including fees), saving them about $10 per person throughout the semester.
Fees are due for Junior High Softball, Junior High Boys Baseball, High School Soccer, and High School Basketball on October 29th. Please pay these fees including past due fees by this date to avoid being dropped.
and Senior Group Photos
November 6
College Fair and FAFSA Completion Events
Its College Fair season! Mark your calendars and join us for an upcoming College Fair. Everyone is welcome. Do you need help with the FAFSA? ASU will have FAFSA experts on site to help you with completing your FAFSA. We will also have representatives from ASU, NAU, U of A, Ben U, Rio Salado, Park and other local universities to visit with in an Open House style event. Contact Anna Weiler at 480-390-4381 or firstname.lastname@example.com
Event dates:
October 30, 2018 6:30-8:30 pm. Location: Heritage Gateway
November 15, 2018 6:00-8:00 pm. Location: Heritage Mesa
January 29, 2019 7:00-8:30 pm. Location: Heritage Laveen
Yearbook is very excited to work with a new publishing company this year, TreeRing. With this change there will be a couple of benefits:
–the yearbooks will never cost more than $35
–with the purchase of your yearbook you will have the option to use your own photos to create two free custom pages just for your copy of the yearbook!
Yearbooks are now on sale for just $31.50! The price will go up in November!
To purchase and customize your yearbook:
- Go to www.TreeRing.com/validate
- Enter our school's passcode: 1015290692333392
Sophomore and Junior – College Planning Meetings
Parents of 10th and 11th graders and their scholars, do you have questions regarding College planning? Below is a list of topics that you may want to consider. Schedule your appointment now with our Director of College Relations by going here.
- High school course selection
- Early College Program – Dual enrollment, AP & CLEP
- Earning an Associates Degree at Heritage Academy
- ACT/SAT/PSAT (Which test and when?)
- Financial Aid (Scholarships, Grants, Loans & FAFSA)
Science Tour
For: Freshmen and sophomores in 2019-20
When: Fall Break 2019
To: Northern California
Contact: Mr. Halterman with questions at firstname.lastname@example.com
Liberty Tour
For: Juniors and seniors in 2019-20
When: Fall Break 2019
To: New York, Boston, Pennsylvania
Contact: Mr. Sheffer with questions at firstname.lastname@example.com
For: Performing arts scholars in grades 7-12
When: January 9-12
Where: Tonto Rim Christian Camp near Payson, Arizona.
Registration is nearly full, but a wait list will be created if you are interested. Speak to your arts department teacher for details.
France and Spain Tour 2019
For: High school students in 2018-19
When: Spring Break, 2019
Contact: Mr. Arnold with questions at email@example.com


text:
Live Sex Cam Reviews - Seek List of live sex cam sites - Webcam reviews at Seek The webcam girls next door: The naked truth behind a ...
Kaleidoscope dating sim guide
Possible problem: For safety measures, if you have enough cash buy all the gifts over again and give them one at a time per date to ensure the game understands you've given the gifts. Do NOT give all the gifts at once on a date, it doesn't do any good. I've tried like a billion times the thing with Cero, but I only get his Normal/Good ending, and I can't get the Best Ending. I've done the chat without mistakes, given the gifts on the date and after that bought the purple drink, then kissed? This is my first "dating sim." The character designs are around 2 years old. I kind of started working on it blindly on the top of my head and after a while I got kind of depressed so I didn't want to draw too much. BUTITS FINALLY DONE AND ON TIME AS STATED~hisisnotajoke! A FEW DAYS LATER ON THE MONDAY NIGHT SHE WAS WOKEN UP BYE LOUDE FOOTSTEPS AND HEAVY BREETHING THERE WAS CLARISSA STANDING THERE WITH A HUGE KNIFE AND WELL JENNY IS HISTORY NOW. But if you read this and do not paste this, you will get bad luck. WHEN YOUR DONE, PRESS F6 AND YOUR CRUSHES NAME WILL APPEAR IN BIG LETTERS.
Short update(or I hope so, haha...)I'm too lazy to write all that happened since last, which mad eme realize I should - just maybe - probably - definetely update a little more often with my Jorunals, because I need venting. Short update is short, because it only includes, like, tumblr and an exclamation about my possible drawing (d)effeciency.tumblr and I had a conversation(in my head, though).:icontumblrplz:: *is an attentionwhore 26/9*:iconobsessedbysherlock:: *a sucker for whores*:icontumblrplz:: welcome back mofo :iconkiralaughplz: :iconobsessedbysherlock:: .... Until now, I was starting to get a thing for Neji, and then they just do this to me. Also, I've found alot of inspirational stuff - among those a little thing or two from the principals speech at the dimission party earlier this day. Ill post a listing in this journal, as well, and ofcourse any suggestions shall have the right to be tried out, so don't hesitate, please~ Think of it as doing me a favor in training my writing! ) and it took me 4 good long tries to have it go the way I wanted. On another, more cheerful note~ I had a final oral english exam Tuesday, got 12, which is highest. The line I'm choosing is home-tutored by authors one hour a week, and costs 400 ,- a month. also, I Cold nights and Cry I actually thought they were lying when they told me you got cold if you were very tired.. Mostly worried about the math and phys/chem ones, though. (and yes, this is happening to me) I get to work with the guy I like in Math-exams, since that one's done in teams. As far as education goes beyond exams, I have to write 50 pages for an application to a talent school.
One thought on "kaleidoscope dating sim guide"
You've guessed it – Pornoroulette is the easiest to use chatroulette alternative on the internet.


text:
Date: Wednesday September 12
Time: 6:30-8:30 PM
(First come, first served)
Location: Magnet Theater Training Center, 22 West 32nd Street, 10th Floor (check the room number on the big screen), between 5th Avenue and Broadway. This is just 2 blocks south of the 34th Street/ Harold Square Subway Station and the B, D, F, M, N, Q, R, W and Path Trains, and 1 additional block East of Penn Station with the A, C, E, LIRR and NJT Train service.
Facilitated by Steve Katz, this is going to be an informal support group for people diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome, Autism Spectrum disorders, think they might be, or who have difficulty with social communication executive function or sensory processing.
We will be going out to eat after and will decide where to go together.
We invite you to participate in building our Autism community. Check out the link bellow and consider becoming a fundraiser or making a contribution. Once you are there, it's as fun and easy as clicking on "Start Fundraising", or "Make a Donation"


text:
Modern glass dining table is the furniture in front of which we gather with our family and our friends, especially on special occasions where we have something to celebrate, such as Christmas or birthdays. For this reason, we want the dining table to be the center of attention in our dining room and not leave anyone indifferent. We know how important it is to decorate a house depending on our style, as it can convey our personality and way of being. In addition, we want to be the perfect hostess and surprise our guests with meals prepared by ourselves in our kitchen so that afterwards they can enjoy a pleasant evening sitting on the sofa with a hot coffee in their hands in winter or on the terrace with a few glasses in summer.
When we get ready to decorate our dining room, we will choose the furniture and the corresponding accessories according to the style of our dining table. Each element must be in perfect harmony with the table, from the chairs to the fresh flowers in a vase that we can place on it. Our proposal for this season is the modern glass dining table. It is a piece of furniture with personality that will become the center of all eyes when our guests enter the dining room.
12 Photos Gallery of: Pleasant And Modern Glass Dining Table
First of all, it is elegant and sophisticated design furniture. A glass dining table is simple, but appealing to the eye. In addition, the glass reflects sunlight coming through the windows, especially in summer, so a glass dining table brings light to the entire room. The modern glass dining table are also very easy to clean and require little maintenance, so they are ideal also if we have small children in the family. Another advantage of a glass dining table is that we can find them in an extendable version so, if we have a small space in our dining room, we should not give up on a design glass table.


text: Hizaltala Moulovir hat high school is one of the best school acres the Barisal Sadar Upazila. This school was founded in 1967 by the local people and schools land was donated by local Khan family. Its academic side, teachers performance, management, administration, students and their guardians co-operation. Local environment, status and above all the results of J.S.C & S.S.C are also well and good.


text:
Come Celebrate with KBMF Tonight!/
Tonight we'll cap off the 2017 Pledge Drive with a party at the Covellite Theater, 215 W Broadway in Uptown Butte. We'll have Zulu Dance music upstairs, and Montana musicians downstairs, as well as chicken and spaghetti, sides and salad. The Depot will be catering a full bar, hosted by local celebrity Matt Boyle.
Doors at 7PM, Music at 9PM
$5 donation at the door
Downstairs - Montana Musicians:
Larry Hirshberg (9-10:30PM)
Sean Eamon (10:30-11:30PM)
Joseph Running Crane (11:30PM-12:30AM)
Upstairs - Zulu Dance Party DJs:
Zorca (8-9:30PM)
Zulu Delegation (10:30-11:30PM)
Clark & Dark (11:30PM-12:30AM)


text:
This article written by Alan Corcoran is part of our #MentallySound series, discussing mental health in music. Trigger warning: depression.
Mostly I just feel paralysed. If my head was in a better place I'd probably think that sounded melodramatic, but for now the only feeling is a lack of feeling. Options stack up in front of me. Impossible options. I cannot make any decisions today.
I know there's work to be done. Life admin. Basic stuff. Exercise would be good. Shaving and a shower are definitely on both a mental and physical list. Relationships of every kind are going untended. Texts. Gigs. Invites to celebrations. Sorry, sorry, sorry.
A gnawing in my stomach reminds me that I'm at least still capable of some feeling. Anxiety, like a snake in a particularly on-the-nose fable, sidles up to wrap itself around in an embrace. Breathing exercises can get fucked, I can't breathe. A headache fog fills my brain. Continue reading "Unsent Text Messages & Neglected Friendships"


text: Immersed in colors, in the state of Rajasthan, I soon realized that a lot of traditional Indian art, while very colorful has a limited palette. Reds, golds, greens, yellows dominate the paintings. Many are limited to primary colors and the result is exquisite. This year I indulged in painting two scenes from India. The first was "walk of determination" and the second "meditation river". Both paintings were executed before my trip. Looking back at "Walk of Determination" I realize now how subconsciously I painted it in reds yellows and greens. Looking forward to making works in primary colors and limited palettes.


text:
Find fresh fruits and veggies rich in flavor just around the corner from Xenia homes. Stop off at Jackson's Farm Market for produce right off the field. Seasonal products are expertly displayed in a colorful array. Friendly faces await customers as staff are ready and willing to offer suggestions and even recipes. The farm is open seven days a week and easily located at 2931 US Route 68 S. Hours are Monday through Saturday from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. and on Sundays from 12 to 6 p.m.
Basketfuls Of Berries Overflow On Xenia Property
Many fruits such as summer strawberries can be hand picked creating a wonderful outing for families living in Xenia homes. Little ones love to fill baskets full of berries and often help to turn their efforts into delicious pies and jams. Seasonal peaches from Jackson's farm are just as readily raved about by locals. Nuts, honey and other goodies are usually found on the shelves as well.
Skip the crowd at the grocery store and shop in the fresh air instead. Make grocery time, family time at Jackson's Farm Market. Simple moments spent together create the best memories so have the kids help with the cooking as well. For more information on what's farm fresh, consumers can call 937.376.1778 before driving on out.


text:
- 1 tbsp canola oil
- 2 cloves garlic, diced
- ½ medium red onion, diced
- 1 green pepper, diced
- 1 package (12 oz/340 g) Mexican-flavoured vegetarian ground round
- 1 large (28 oz) can tomatoes, diced
- 1, 15 oz can kidney beans, drained and rinsed
- 1, 15 oz can black beans, drained and rinsed
- 1, 15 oz can chickpeas, drained and rinsed
- 1 medium carrot, grated
- 2 tsp dried parsley
- 1 tsp garlic powder
- 2 tsp Harissa seasoning - PC Black label preferred (or to taste)
- Shredded cheese (to top)
- In a large pot, heat canola oil over medium heat. Add garlic, green pepper, and onion and sauce until tender (5 minutes).
- Add in ground round, breaking it apart with a wooden spoon to evenly disperse it and prevent clumps. Stir with veggie mix for 3-4 minutes, or until evenly heated.
- Add canned tomatoes, beans, grated carrot, parsley, and Harissa and stir until well combined.
- Allow chili to simmer on low to medium heat for 10-15 minutes to allow flavours to combine and to achieve an even temperature.
- Spoon chili into serving bowls with a ladle. Sprinkle with cheese and enjoy!
Options: Top with chunks of avocado, sour cream, salsa, and/or tortilla chips. Another idea is to top salad over a mixed green salad for an extra veggie kick.
Tip: This recipes freezes really well so make a large batch and portion out lunch-size servings. Keep in freezer for keep grab-and-go lunches during a busy work week.
For a printable pdf version of this recipe, please click here.
For more quick and simple (yet always nutritious and delicious) recipe ideas, like our Facebook page and follow us on Instagram!


text:
Our fourth stop on our whirlwind road trip through France was Carcassonne in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. Carcassonne is well known as a 13th century medieval fortified city and is classified as a UNESCO heritage site. Markus and I haven't been to many authentic medieval places, so we decided to include the city on our trip.
As we walked up to the entrance of the medieval citadel. We glanced to the left and saw the entrance to the Cimetière de la Cité. Since, we often don't see above ground cemeteries much less ones in a 13th century fortified city, we decided to take a look. The layout was very straightforward with just four aisles and mainly graves. I don't recall seeing any chapels or mausoleums. We explored for about 30 mins and saw a lot of flowers and decorations. There was a huge festival or something going on nearby and I remember hearing Bruno Mars playing quite loudly, so that was a bit strange and a memory I wont soon forget.


text:
264 pages
Teaching Recent Global History explores innovative ways to teach world history, beginning with the early 20th century. The authors' unique approach unites historians, social studies teachers, and educational curriculum specialists to offer historically rich, pedagogically innovative, and academically rigorous lessons that help students connect with and deeply understand key events and trends in recent global history.
Highlighting the best scholarship for each major continent, the text explores the ways that this scholarship can be adapted by teachers in the classroom in order to engage and inspire students. Each of the eight main chapters highlights a particularly important event or theme, which is then complemented by a detailed discussion of a particular methodological approach.
Key features include:
• An overarching narrative that helps readers address historical arguments;
• Relevant primary documents or artifacts, plus a discussion of a particular historical method well-suited to teaching about them;
• Lesson plans suitable for both middle and secondary level classrooms;
• Document-based questions and short bibliographies for further research on the topic.
This invaluable book is ideal for any aspiring or current teacher who wants to think critically about how to teach world history and make historical discussions come alive for students.
"Imagine the best professional development for world history teachers: historians discussing current approaches to history's big questions; skilled teachers thinking out loud about how to teach those questions; piloted units with activities, documents, assessments, and rubrics. That is what you'll find between the covers of this book. It is an invaluable resource for world history teachers, historians, and teacher educators."—Bob Bain, Chair of Secondary Teacher Education, Associate Professor of History and Educational Studies, University of Michigan
"Teaching Recent Global History is a profound text that is an essential read for all history teachers. It not only gives specific examples of instructional strategies that are key to engaging young historians in the classroom but in a balanced approach also focuses on critical components of the world history cannon that are foundational for historians' content knowledge."—Brendan Alfieri, New Explorations in Science, Technology, and Math, New York City
"Teaching Recent Global History offers an imaginative blend of scholarship and pedagogy. It's rare to find a work that approaches the teaching of modern world history with such respect for classroom teachers' creativity. This book is a treasury of wisdom about the world—and the classroom."—Bill Bigelow, Curriculum editor, Rethinking Schools
CHAPTER ONE – Africa
CHAPTER TWO – Asia
CHAPTER THREE – Latin America
CHAPTER FOUR – The Middle East
CHAPTER FIVE – The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
CHAPTER SIX –War Crimes in the Twentieth Century
CHAPTER SEVEN – The U.S. in the World


text: Cleveland Furnace Repair Experts So the furnace stopped working (again). We're probably not the people you want to be dialing, but in these situations, Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning in Cleveland should be your very first call. It doesn't matter if it's early in the morning or late at night – our NATE-certified technicians available all day, every day. We'll be there before you know it and get the job done fast – so you can get back to more important things and not have to even think about needing another furnace repair anytime soon. Call Today 440-252-1375 Emergency Furnace Service 24/7 Schedule Your Service 4 Important Points About Furnace Repair 1 Make sure your thermostat is set to "heat" There are a lot of things to keep in mind when seasons change, so it's understandable that you could forget to switch your thermostat over to "heat." Double check to make sure yours is set correctly. 2 Check your furnace switch Your furnace switch looks like a normal light switch and should be in the Up, or On, position. Once On, your furnace should turn on in a couple minutes as most systems utilize built-in delays. 3 Change your furnace filter Dirty filters are one of the most common reasons for inefficient furnace performance. Be sure you're changing your filter every one to three months for optimal performance. 4 Check the circuit breaker Go to your home's circuit breaker panel and find the breaker that controls your furnace. Determine if it is in the middle position or the Off position. If it is, cycle the breaker to Off and reset it to the On position. Service Experts furnace repair technicians in Cleveland are prepared for all forms of heating repair Whether your system is electric, gas, duel fuel, heat pump, oil or a boiler. We have all the skills and training needed to get the job done right the first time. Think of furnace repairs as though our technician were skilled doctor, working determinedly to diagnose and provide the proper prescription for your home's comfort problem. What you should know when you think your furnace needs a repair service: If you notice an intense gas smell, call Service Experts right away. If your furnace isn't running, look for the emergency shut off and check you breaker. Switch them off, then on again. If the system still doesn't work, call us to determine the source of the problem. Find out more about our repair services for electric and gas furnaces or oil furnaces and boilers on here. Need one of our experts in Cleveland for a furnace repair service ASAP? Call 440-252-1375 to get an appointment scheduled, and we'll get your heat working well before you know it. CALL TODAY! 440-252-1375