text:
Vol. 40, No. 1 - Spring: Contents; Abstracts
Vol. 40, No. 2 - Summer: Contents; Abstracts
Vol. 40, No. 3 - Fall: Contents; Abstracts
Vol. 39, No. 4 - Winter: Contents; Abstracts
Daring Experiments: Issues and Insights about Utopian Communities
Thad M. Van Bueren, Guest Editor
Envisioning Utopia: Transcendentalist and Fourierist Landscapes at Brook Farm, West Roxbury, Massachusetts
Abstract: Brook Farm, Massachusetts, is perhaps the most famous of the 19th-century utopian communities in America. When it was founded in 1841, its guiding vision was provided by the distinctive New England philosophy known as Transcendentalism. Yet, only three years later, in 1844, it publicly embraced Fourierism and became known as the Brook Farm Phalanx. Archaeological work is providing new information on how these ideologies were inscribed in the landscape, showing that the architectural features built during the Transcendentalist period helped create certain habits of thought and action that actively resisted the complete transition from Transcendentalism to Fourierism.
Social Status and Landscape in a Nineteenth-Century Planned Industrial Alternative Community: Archaeology and Geography of Feltville, New Jersey
Abstract: Feltville is located in Union County, New Jersey. This smallscale planned industrial village was designed and operated by David Felt, a liberal Unitarian printer and stationer, from 1845 to 1860. Archaeological and documentary materials recovered over the last six years paint a picture of conditions in Felt's rural industrial reformist alternative and provide a glimpse into the worldview of the community architect. Examination of Feltville and its historical context allows for the evaluation of the potential practical and theoretical contributions of historical archaeology in the study of utopian movements. Specifically, the diversity of sociopolitical ideals expressed prior to the advent of Marxian socialism calls into question the conflation of communalist and utopian social designs in some contemporary treatments.
The Ties That Bind: Ideology, Material Culture, and the Utopian Ideal
Abstract: Communitarian or utopian societies are ideal settings for investigating the interaction between material culture and ideology. Community members deliberately incorporated ideologies of social reform into the planning and organization of their society. Material culture served as an active medium to both reflect and reinforce utopian ideals, and community members were often keenly aware of the symbolic meanings represented in artifacts. In this way, material culture can be seen as simultaneously constituted and constitutive as well as a central focus in maintaining social cohesion. This article examines one such group, the Oneida Perfectionists, that created a socially and financially stable community that endured for more than 30 years. Their use of material culture purposefully reflected their religious ideology and functioned as a means of fostering and maintaining communitas.
The Quaker Burying Ground in Alexandria, Virginia: A Study of Burial Practices of the Religious Society of Friends
Abstract: The values of humility and simplicity are two central tenets of the members of the Religious Society of Friends that set them apart from the rest of society. Adherence to these tenets by Alexandria Quakers living in the 18th and 19th centuries is evidenced in the archaeological investigation of the old Quaker Burying Ground in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. In preparation for the construction of a library addition on the cemetery property, City of Alexandria archaeologists conducted excavations in 1993 to 1995 and identified 159 burial features, 66 of which were excavated. Although preservation of the remains was poor, information on interment practices, coffin types, burial goods, and health was recovered. Analysis of the Quaker Burying Ground data and comparisons with other historical cemetery excavations suggest that Alexandria's Quaker community largely rejected the ostentatious burial rituals, known as the "beautification of death" movement, of the dominant culture.
Representing Utopia: The Case of Cyrus Teed's Koreshan Unity Settlement
Abstract: In the late-19th century, impelled by a dissatisfaction with American "competist" values and inspired by a vision of cosmic truth, Dr. Cyrus Teed, known as Koresh, left Chicago with a small group of followers to build their New Jerusalem in the swamplands of Estero Bay, Florida. The central tenet of Koreshanity was that the earth is a hollow sphere, and we live on the inside. This conception of the universe encouraged a theology, political science, and philosophical understanding that stressed the finite, knowable, and internally complete nature of the world. The history and material remains of the Koreshan community are discussed, and the article ends with some reflections on how their utopian project has been, and should be, represented in a modern context. There are political implications in what is chosen to be said or left unsaid about dissenting groups like the Koreshans.
Archaeological Identification of an Idiosyncratic Lifestyle: Excavation and Analysis of the Theosophical Society Dump, San Diego, California
Abstract: Refuse deposited by members of the Theosophical Institute in San Diego, California, ca. 1900–1920 provides a basis for defining patterns that reflect the idiosyncratic lifeways of the people who lived there. Comparisons with assemblages from urban and rural sites of the same period allow isolation of the areas of divergence. The Theosophical Society assemblage has low proportions of consumer items and bottled products along with lower values for ceramic tableware price scaling. Dietary differences were noted, as well, and the refuse has a large number of homeopathic medicine vials, reflecting specialized health practices. The patterns noted indicate less than full participation in the consumer society of the time and deviations in diet and healing practices from those of the mainstream society, and may have served as boundary markers, reinforcing the sense of group membership and cohesiveness.
Doukhobor Identity and Communalism at Kirilovka Village Site
Abstract: In early 1899, a migration of more than 7,000 Russian immigrants belonging to the Christian sect known as the Doukhobors arrived in western Canada and established three colonies in the districts of Saskatchewan and Assiniboia in the Northwest Territories. Due to internal tensions in the sect and conflicts with the Government of Canada's Department of the Interior, most of these villages were abandoned by 1920. Previous historical characterizations of the Doukhobors in Saskatchewan are inconsistent in their portrayal of the Doukhobors as an ethnic group and/or religious sect, and of the degree of internal cohesion and homogeneity at the community level. Combined archaeological and historical investigations suggest that the Doukhobor identity in Saskatchewan involves multiple levels of practice and belief. Further, Doukhobor identity is characterized by constant change brought about by repeated migrations through two centuries.
Between Vision and Practice: Archaeological Perspectives on the Llano del Rio Cooperative
Abstract: Ideology is perhaps nowhere more patently visible in the archaeological record than at utopian communities. While ideology informs all human action, the tenets of utopian ventures operate on a more fully conscious level than those underlying mainstream culture. The deliberate use of symbolism is a hallmark of the way utopians sought to define themselves and their visions. By comparing these utopian visions with the actual practices of such groups, archaeologists can deepen understandings of the challenges and lessons evolving from the pursuit of such experiments. Recent archaeological investigations at the Llano del Rio Cooperative are used to explore these issues. Socialists established the Llano cooperative near Los Angeles in 1914 as an act of political and economic resistance to the growth of industrial capitalism. There, the colonists sought to create a self-sufficient, secular, egalitarian community that would demonstrate a viable alternative to capitalistic exploitation.
A Feminist Theoretical Approach to the Historical Archaeology of Utopian Communities
Abstract: A feminist approach provides new insights into the significant impacts of utopian gender ideologies and practices on the transformation of American culture from the 19th century into the 20th century. First, the context in which utopian gender ideologies developed is discussed, including married women's lack of rights and alternative philosophies and ideologies. An archaeological framework is then developed for assessing the major issue of the degree of communalism vs. familism practiced in utopian communities compared with documented ideology. Archaeological data can provide new insights into the degree of material implementation of utopian gender ideologies concerning cooperative housekeeping and related sexual arrangements. Archaeology can also contribute data on the extent of adoption in the wider culture of utopian cooperative housekeeping enterprises and accompanying inventions.
Metal Tools and the Transformation of an Oceanic Exchange System
Abstract: The introduction of European technologies transformed some key aspects of traditional Pacific Island lifeways and exchange systems. One of the most dramatic changes was the replacement of shell and stone tools with those made from iron. As European explorers and traders ventured throughout Micronesia, metal commodities became highly sought after by indigenous peoples. An example of metal tools replacing traditional technologies is presented to explain how this culture contact ultimately changed one of the most famous exchange systems in the Pacific—the quarrying of stone money by Yapese Islanders in the Palau archipelago. The first iron tools ever found in excavation at a stone money quarry site are discussed in relation to their role in changing this unique interisland exchange system during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Symbolic Violence and Landscape Pedagogy: An Illustration from the Irish Countryside
Abstract: Archaeologists know that landscapes can provide powerful clues about past social interaction. Landscapes are never truly passive because they offer many socially relevant services to the individuals and social groups who inhabit them. Much of what landscapes do is symbolic. Pedagogy can constitute an important function of a landscape, particularly in the hierarchical societies investigated by historical archaeologists. The demesne constitutes an especially evocative pedagogic landscape in an Irish setting. A detailed examination of Coopershill demesne in County Sligo, Ireland, demonstrates the power of landscape pedagogy and the role of symbolic violence in helping to shape it.
The Color Purple: Dating Solarized Amethyst Container Glass
Abstract: From the late-19th century on, there was an increased production of colorless bottles for a wide variety of products. Producing colorless glass is not difficult if pure sand with a very low iron content is available. Iron in sand gives the glass a range of colors from light green to dark amber, depending on the amount of iron in the sand. To overcome this problem, some factories that used iron-bearing sands added manganese to their batch as a decolorizer. While this produces colorless glass, that glass will turn a light purple or amethyst color when it is exposed to sunlight. Dating of solarized glass by archaeologists has relied on information from a variety of sources, including books produced by bottle collectors. Some of this information is good and some of it, erroneous. The objective here is to provide a useful chronology of the development and use of manganese as a decolorizer and to dispel some of the myths that have crept into the literature.
Churches as Catholic Burial Places: Excavations at the San Francisco Church, Venezuela
Abstract: In Venezuela and in other Latin American countries, little information exists on burial practices at churches used to dispose of the dead. New data has been obtained on burials and underground funerary structures found during limited excavations of the church of the colonial Franciscan convent of Nuestra Señora de la Salceda of Coro, Venezuela, occupied during the period 1620–1920. Some burials within the church could date as early as the first half of the 18th century, and individuals continued to be interred within the church through the early-20th century. Types of burials and their treatment are described.
Genetic Archaeology: The Recovery and Interpretation of Nuclear DNA from a Nineteenth-Century Hypodermic Syringe
Abstract: Archaeologists recovered a hard rubber urethral irrigator, glass hypodermic syringe, and six associated copper-alloy needles beneath the charred remains of a small 19th-century home in Virginia City, Nevada. In order to interpret the function and context of the medical paraphernalia, the artifacts were submitted to a forensic laboratory in hopes of recovering historical genomic nuclear human deoxyribonucleic acid and to identify drug residue from the glass syringe using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC/MS). Some of the medical artifacts tested positive for drug residue and human nuclear DNA, thereby demonstrating the ability to successfully obtain chemical and genetic information from artifacts more than 125 years in age. The findings and interpretations illustrate the innovative research potential awaiting archaeologists in the new specialty of genetic archaeology.
Survival of Biological Evidence on Artifacts: Applying Forensic Techniques at the Boston Saloon, Virginia City, Nevada
Abstract: The Boston Saloon was an African American-owned business that operated during the 1860s and the 1870s in the mining boomtown of Virginia City, Nevada. Most materials recovered from this establishment are similar to artifacts from other Virginia City saloons due to the widespread availability of mass-produced items. This challenges any attempt at investigating relationships between gender and ethnicity from saloon artifacts. Cooperative efforts between forensic sciences and historical archaeological studies provide a solid foundation for developing unequivocal interpretations of these topics by extracting DNA from common, mass-produced artifacts. Specifically, these efforts resulted in the retrieval of a DNA profile from a clay tobacco pipe stem. Choosing the pipe stem and other likely candidates that could have served as material hosts for ancient DNA (in this case, at least 125 years in age) was a learning process, the results of which may require archaeologists to modify standard recovery methods so as to maximize information retrieval. This process led to other techniques, such as the use of a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS), to identify residues on artifacts.
Sampling Skeletal Remains for Ancient DNA (aDNA): A Measure of Success
Abstract: More than 2,000 samples of human osseous and dental materials drawn from forensic archaeological casework of the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command Central Identification Laboratory (CIL) were submitted for mitochondrial DNA testing. Most cases represent unidentified remains of U.S. service personnel from World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. Ancient DNA sampling technique is discussed in the context of an overall strategy of minimizing the risk of contamination with exogenous DNA. Results achieved through implementation of this strategy are reviewed with the intent of providing historical archaeologists with data to assist them in deciding if human remains should be samples for DNA analyses and, if so, how to maximize the chances of an interpretable test outcome. Sample mass proved an important determinant of probability of successful DNA testing. Skeletal element sampled was also a determinant of success rate, independent of sample mass. Femora, tibiae, mandibles, and first metatarsals were excellent sample sources. Cranial samples had low rates of DNA recovery. Climate of deposition and recovery had a minor effect on success rate with temperate recoveries outperforming tropical recoveries in DNA testing success rates. Contrary to initial expectations, older samples performed better than younger samples. This inverse age effect is attributed to conflict-specific taphonomic processes. The lack of any detectable effect over the past 60 years suggests that as long as bones are well preserved and optimal elements well represented, aDNA testing will be relatively unproblematic over time spans of hundreds of years, certainly encompassing the entire time span considered by historical archaeologists.
Search for the Grave of William Preston Longley, Hanged Texas Gunfighter
Abstract: William Preston Longley was one of the most notorious outlaws in Texas when he was finally tracked down, arrested, and convicted for shooting a boyhood friend. Since he had cheated death before, contemporaries easily believed Longley's hanging in October 1878 was a hoax that allowed him to live and raise a family in Louisiana under an alias. The ultimate test of the hoax hypothesis would be to find Longley's grave and expose either his remains or a weighted coffin. In fall 1992 and spring 1994, a team of scientists used electrical resistivity and magnetometer surveys to locate unmarked burials in areas where historical research indicated Longley's grave may be located. Team members hoped a grainy historic photograph of the marked gravesite could be correlated with a position in the cemetery. The team determined the approximate location of an unmarked grave that could be Longley's. Excavation uncovered the remains of a tall white male, which fit his description, and artifacts recovered from the grave were consistent with those known to have been buried with Longley. Finally, a mitochondrial DNA comparison with his living maternal relative produced a very high probability match.
Ground-Penetrating Radar Techniques to Discover and Map Historic Graves
Abstract: Ground-penetrating radar is a geophysical technique that can be used to identify and map features commonly associated with historic graves, including intact or partially collapsed coffins and vertical shafts. Data are collected by moving radar antennas that transmit pulses of energy into the ground along parallel transects within grids, recording reflections of those pulses from significant discontinuities within the ground. Visual analysis of radar reflection profiles can be used to identify both coffins and the vertical shaft features commonly associated with human burials. Spatial analysis of the reflection amplitudes within a grid consisting of many profiles (when converted to depth using site-specific velocities) produces three-dimensional maps of these burial features. The identification and mapping of graves can identify remains for possible excavation and study, and the results can also be used for statistical and spatial analysis when integrated with historical records. If identified by these methods, previously unidentified graves can be preserved in areas threatened by construction or erosion.
Skeletal Remains from the Confederate Naval Sailor and Marines' Cemetery, Charleston, SC
Abstract: The 1999 burial recovery project at the Confederate Naval Sailor and Marines' Cemetery (38CH1648), Charleston, South Carolina, provided a rare opportunity for the skeletal analysis of Civil War period remains. Dating from 1861, the cemetery contained the remains of 40 males of European ancestry who are known to have died in southeastern naval hospitals. Five of the men buried at the site are believed to have been the first crew of the H.L. Hunley submarine. In conjunction with historical and archaeological evidence, the presence of skeletal and dental lesions is used to draw conclusions regarding the backgrounds, health and disease experiences, military ranks, and occupational stresses experienced by the naval and marine personnel buried at the site.
The Man in the Iron Coffin: An Interdisciplinary Effort to Name the Past
Abstract: The examination of a cast-iron coffin from the Mason family cemetery at Pulaski, Tennessee, offered an exceptional opportunity to study relatively well-preserved human remains, associated artifacts, and the coffin itself. Only a few studies of cast-iron coffins and their contents have incorporated the results of interdisciplinary research in the interpretation of the burial and the remains. The investigation is based on the use of an evolving protocol that promotes the collection of relevant information from several disciplines when evaluating cast-iron coffins and their contents. Multiple lines of evidence identify the remains as those of Isaac Newton Mason, a private in the First Tennessee Confederate Cavalry Regiment, and provide a detailed and intimate glimpse into the past.
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: Bioarchaeology and the Modern Gun Culture Debate
Abstract: In his controversial book Arming America: The Origins of a National Gun Culture, historian Michael A. Bellesiles argued that personal gun ownership was uncommon prior to 1850. His book triggered an intense re-examination of the American gun culture. A subsequent investigation into his alleged misuse of antebellum probate records to support his thesis resulted in his forfeiture of the prestigious Bancroft Prize and the loss of his position at Emory University. Historical archaeologists can contribute to the debate on the popularity of guns in early America armed with objective data on the frequency and distribution of gun-related artifacts. Analysis of historic period human remains provides another dimension to the modern gun-culture debate through documentation of the prevalence of gunshot wounds, including those among minority groups whose rates of firearms trauma were generally unreported in official statistics before the 1930s. By accurately recognizing and systematically recording gunshot wounds among historical population samples, bioarchaeologists are uniquely positioned to report the actual frequency and, in many cases, the contexts within which such wounds occurred in the past.
Uncapped Potential: Applying Firearms Identification Procedures in the Analysis of Percussion Caps
Abstract: Firearms identification procedures continue to play a role in the archaeological study of battles and warfare. Percussion caps, if well preserved, have the potential to yield unique individual tool marks that can be microscopically examined to determine a minimum number of weapons present at a specific site. This study analyzed 110 percussion caps from an 1854 U.S. Army and Apache battle site and determined that at least 34 firearms were used in the battle. A validation study using modern percussion caps from 11 known weapons was also undertaken to demonstrate the potential for percussion cap analysis in future studies.
Ethnoarchaeology of Subsistence Behaviors within a Rural African American Community: Implications for Interpreting Vertebrate Faunal Data from Slave Quarters Areas of Antebellum Plantation Sites
Abstract: Ethnoarchaeological observations of the subsistence activities practiced by an African American community in rural southern Mississippi were used to interpret the subsistence behaviors of African Americans within the slave quarters area at Saragossa Plantation, Natchez, Mississippi. Ethnoarchaeological data collected within the community included observations of modifications to bones (during butchery, secondary processing, cooking, and postdisposal activities) and the spatial distribution of subsistence behaviors and bone refuse that resulted from these activities. These data were compared to the faunal assemblages recovered from two former cabins occupied by enslaved African Americans at Saragossa Plantation, which resulted in the identification of several subsistence behaviors at these locations. The current study indicates that data obtained through ethnoarchaeological research provides archaeologists with a powerful tool that, when combined with other lines of evidence such as historical documents, can be used to reconstruct the subsistence behaviors of enslaved African Americans at antebellum plantation sites across the Southeast.
Geophysical Exploration for Buried Buildings
Abstract: Cellars are usually easy to detect, but wall foundations can be difficult to find. A scatter of rubble in the soil may reveal the former location of a building; buried buildings are most commonly detected this way. It appears that chemical changes to the soil near buildings may also allow the locations of those buildings to be estimated; perhaps these buildings may be located even if no artifacts or features remain. Auxiliary features, such as buried roads, paths, wells, or privies, may suggest that a building was once nearby. An appraisal of several dozen geophysical surveys suggests that they have had a 50% chance of locating buildings.
Bush Hill: Material Life at a Working Plantation
Abstract: Bush Hill plantation, located near Aiken, South Carolina, and Augusta, Georgia, along the middle Savannah River valley, was owned by four generations of the George Bush lineal family between ca. 1807 and 1920. Drawing upon the interpretive concept of the working plantation, perceptions regarding material conditions and the standard of living experienced by southern planters are explored in this essay. Economic records indicate that the George Bush family was among the top wealth-holding groups within the surrounding community. Although the planter family was affluent, the standard of living revealed archaeologically was economically conservative. The Bush family used inexpensive household items and did not acquire the luxury goods often thought to be archaeological hallmarks of genteel society, such as expensive dining sets or tea ware. Conversely, archaeological data revealed they were aggressive consumers, indicated by the sheer quantity of material discarded at the site. The example provided by Bush Hill underscores the complexity of planter households in the past and illustrates that the wealth held by former site residents is not always directly discernable in the archaeological record.
The Abandoned Ships' Project: An Overview of the Archaeology of Deliberate Watercraft Discard in Australia
Abstract: The Abandoned Ships' Project (ASP) was a research initiative of the Department of Archaeology at Flinders University, South Australia, and carried out in conjunction with the doctoral research of one of the authors (Richards 2002). The project involved the compilation of a database of more than 1,500 discarded and partly dismantled watercraft sites, including information from the archaeological inspection of more than 120 deliberately discarded ships. Researchers used this data to assess the degree of correlation between discard activities and economic, social, and technological issues. The logistics of discard were also examined as reflected in commentaries describing discard processes and as seen in the archaeological signatures of these events. This information illustrated the causal relationships among processes (landscape, economic trends, regulatory frameworks, and cultural site formation) associated with harm minimization, placement assurance, salvage, and discard activities.
Pigs in Charleston, South Carolina: Using Specimen Counts to Consider Status
Abstract: A critique of pig use in Charleston, South Carolina, between 1712 and the early 1900s tests the hypothesis that patterns in pig specimen counts from 47 temporal and spatial contexts reflect temporal, functional, and social variables. The study of 2,172 pig specimens indicates that pig use was similar at most sites regardless of function or status. One explanation is that pigs were raised on urban properties, and, after slaughter, their remains were mixed with debris from purchased meats. The greatest variation exists in late-19th century collections, when most households likely purchased pork. The characteristics found among pig specimens contrast with patterns in cattle specimens; cows and pigs were kept and used differently within Charleston. Zooarchaeological collections from evolving urban settings result from more than one provisioning strategy and encompass a number of interrelated variables. It would be fruitful to examine such collections for evidence of factors in addition to status.
Feast or Famine? Seventeenth-Century English Colonial Diet at Ferryland, Newfoundland
Documentary and faunal evidence from the 17th-century English colony at Ferryland, Newfoundland, illustrates how the settlers adapted traditional English dietary practices to suit their new situation. The role of both domestic and wild mammals in the diet changed little over the course of the century. Pigs were consistently the most important mammal, supplemented by cattle, sheep/goat, caribou, and seal. The continuity of dietary patterns at the site indicates that the colonists very quickly developed a subsistence regime to maximize fresh meat consumption, given the scheduling demands of the cod fishery and the limitations and potential of the Newfoundland environment.


text:
At the MCSE, we hope to connect you with valuable resources so that you may engage more thoroughly the field of social entrepreneurship. Browse through the recommended readings to learn more about social change. Check out the project resource pages for funding and conference opportunities on and off campus to develop your innovation.
Aside from these resources, the staff the at the MCSE are always willing to meet with you to discuss your ideas and goals. Visit the MCSE Wednesdays from 10am to 12pm, Fridays from 1:30 to 2:30pm, or by appointment to speak with a staff member.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Top bar
About POGO's Federal Contractor Misconduct Database (FCMD)
The government awards contracts to companies with histories of misconduct such as contract fraud and environmental, ethics, and labor violations. In the absence of a centralized federal database listing instances of misconduct, the Project On Government Oversight (POGO) is providing such data. We believe that it will lead to improved contracting decisions and public access to information about how the government spends hundreds of billions of taxpayer money each year on goods and services. Report an instance of misconduct »
Fluor Corporation
Holbrook v. Fluor Daniel Northwest, Inc. (Employee Protection)
Date: 03/24/1998 (Date of Settlement Approval)
Misconduct Type: Labor
Enforcement Agency: Labor
Contracting Party: None
Court Type: Civil
Amount: Undisclosed
Disposition: Settlement
Synopsis: "This case arises under the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 (ERA), as amended, 42 U.S.C. §5851 [Nuclear Whistleblower Protection]. The parties submitted a Settlement Agreement seeking approval of the settlement and dismissal of the complaint. The Administrative Law Judge issued a Recommended Order of Dismissal on March 2, 1998 approving the settlement."


text:
The response from Erin Shaw seemed clear.
"She is a public school parent," Shaw told the paper in an email.
So The Times reported that Rhee's two children attend public school. After the story ran in Wednesday's newspaper, one of Rhee's biggest critics, the American Federation of Teachers, challenged that statement, saying that one of her daughters attends a private school in Tennessee, where her ex-husband lives.
The Times asked Rhee's spokeswoman again about what type of school Rhee's children attend.


text:
J Bar Angus
We welcome you to J BAR ANGUS and invite you to
tour our site.
LSAA Bull Sale December 4, 2015
Private Treaty Cattle Currently For Sale
Private Treaty Angus Bulls for Sale
Registered Black Angus Virgin bulls, fertility tested,
Plenty bulls available give us a call if you need a bull!
Commercial Brangus Bulls For Sale
American Angus Association EPD/Pedigree Lookup can be viewed by clicking link below and typing in registration number of bull
200 bulls SOLD private treaty annually!
Directions to J Bar Angus:
Janak's C o www.janakpacking.comket / Janak Packing Inc.
J Bar Angus


text:
|Company Name:
|Nittoh Kogaku K.K.
|Chief Representative:
|Shuoh Kaneko, President & CEO
|Number of Employees:
|Head Office:
|4529 Konami, Suwa City, Nagano Prefecture 392-0131 Japan
Tel. +81-266-57-4801 Fax. +81-266-57-5030
|Kami-Suwa Plant:
|1-1538 Kamigawa, Suwa City, Nagano Prefecture 392-0021 Japan
Tel. +81-266-52-6200
|Azumino Plant
|5718-4 Matsukawa Village, Kita Azumi-gun, Nagano Prefecture 399-8501 Japan
Tel. +81-261-62-3121
|Tokyo Office:
|3rd floor Nissin Bldg.,1-8-27
Konan,Minato-ku,Tokyo 108-0075 Japan
Tel. +81-3-5781-7811
|nittoh (Singapore) Pte.Ltd
PT. nittoh Batam
Ecolo Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Fuji, Suwa)
Shoujoh Techno Co., Ltd.
|Outline of business
|Development and manufacturing of equipment related to optics
・Lens modules for DSCs (digital still cameras)
・Lens modules for projectors
・Optical elements
・Molds for plastic lenses etc
・LED lighting modules
・Surface treatment, High quality painting
・Development and manufacturing of information devices, aircraft instruments, and medical equipment
Scope of accreditation
|1. Certificate number: 08658
2. Applicable quality management system standards: ISO 9001:2008
3. Applicable scope: Design, development and manufacture of cameras and other optical products; Manufacture of molded optical parts
Scope of accreditation
|1. Certificate number: 08892
2. Applicable environment management system standards: ISO 14001:2004
3. Applicable scope: Design, development and manufacture of optical products; Manufacture of molded optical parts
Nittoh is committed to reducing carbon dioxide emissions in line with Nagano Prefecture's Global Warming Countermeasure Ordinance.
Click through to the official Website of Nagano Prefecture for details of the plan and a record of reductions achieved.


text:
UNCONDITIONAL midnight crew neck jumper with detachable harness.
UNCONDITIONAL's signature crew neck jumper featuring a detachable harness. Knitted in 100% Italian produced Australian merino wool.
Colour : Midnight.
Product Code : WM440A
Care instructions: Hand wash or dry clean, do not wring, lay flat for drying, do not tumble dry.
Non-EEC customers receive 20% VAT reduction on checkout


text:
Midgic resident Barbara Phinney recently made it to the USA Today's bestseller list. TOWER PHOTO
SACKVILLE, N.B. – Barbara Phinney is a big believer in second chances. Because that's how, after more than 20 years of writing romance and suspense novels, she was able to garner bestseller status.
The Midgic resident, along with 10 other award-winning authors from throughout North America, recently hit the USA Today's bestseller list with their anthology of romance books – after just missing out on making the list "by a hair" last year.
"Last fall, I was invited to participate in an anthology, independently published, with the hope of hitting the USA Today's bestseller list," Phinney explains. "But our Romance Super Bundle, an anthology of 10 books, just didn't quite make it."
Phinney said that didn't discourage them from making another attempt, however.
"A few months back, we decided to try it again. This time, the book I chose was a novella entitled Cape of Secrets, a murder mystery inspired by Nova Scotia's Cap D'Or and its remote setting," she says.
Cape of Secrets is one of 11 books included as part of the latest anthology, aptly titled Romance Super Bundle II: Second Chances.
"Well, our second chance worked, when, on Thursday, July 24, we hit the list at #136," Phinney adds. "We were pretty excited about that."
USA Today's Best-Selling Books list ranks the 150 top-selling titles each week based on an analysis of sales from US booksellers. Contributors represent a variety of outlets, including bookstore chains, independent bookstores, mass merchandisers and online retailers.
Phinney says the honour came two weeks after the book launch party, with the anthology selling between 10,000 to 15,000 copies in the days following the launch.
"It took a lot of hard work and a lot of advertising at the right time . . . and we did it," says Phinney, noting the efforts in particular of their coordinator Amy Gamet.
She says marketing is key when trying to get the word out about a new novel or novels.
"You can write a really good book but unless you let people know about it, it's just going to sit there."
Phinney says Cape of Secrets, which is a more sensual romance than she typically writes under her own name, was one of several books she has had published under her pen name Georgina Lee (a name that was derived from the town she grew up in in Ontario and her maiden name).
The story is based in Cape D'Or, an idea that was sparked after she and her husband made a visit to the small Nova Scotian community last year.
"We were walking around and I just thought 'this is marvelous, I've got to write about this place," says Phinney of the setting that features a foghorn, a lighthouse and incredible vistas.
When she returned home, she began putting pen to paper. She began editing the story in the fall and got back to it again this spring. Cape of Secrets is one of Phinney's five independently published novels. She has had 10 books also published by Harlequin.
Phinney, who is retired from the military after a career as a vehicle mechanic, began writing romance and suspense in 1994. In 2001, about the same time her husband retired from his career in the military and moved back to his hometown and they were in the midst of building their new home in Midgic, she sold her first book to Harlequin.
She says it's not always easy being a writer, particularly if you're trying to get published. Basically, she explains, you have to check your ego at the door because people will tell you what they think, whether you want to hear it or not.
"You have to work hard. You have to write and edit, and write and edit . . . and you have to set aside any preconceived notions that your writing is perfect. Everything can be polished."
Despite earning bestseller status, Phinney isn't letting that slow her down any. She is currently doing some final author alterations on her third book in the Warrior series for Harlequin and is also editing two more books in the Bay of Fundy romantic suspense series. She is also updating her website.
"There's always lots to keep you busy."


text:
This is a general course in United States copyright law. Some of the specific topics we will cover are the subject matter of copyright, infringement, fair use, ownership, duration and transfer, rights and remedies of copyright owners, and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
Type: Lecture
Level: Upperclass
Categories: Intellectual Property and Technology


text:
Days after one of his colleagues admitted to having Jewish roots, a far-right Hungarian politician challenged the country's Jewish communal leader to a debate.
Gabor Vona, the leader of the Hungarian nationalist party Jobbik, said he wants to show Slomo Koves, who heads the Unified Hungarian Jewish Congregation, that Jobbik is not anti-Semitic.
"Jobbik has never had and will never have any program point, proposal or idea which discriminates between Hungary's inhabitants on the grounds of ethnicity and religion," Vona told the website Politics.hu.
Jobbik members have used anti-Semitic rhetoric repeatedly in the past. Politics.hu reported that Koves wants to organize Jews and other Hungarians to combat anti-Semitism.
Last week, a regional leader of Jobbik, Csanad Szegedi, revealed that he is of Jewish descent.
We welcome your feedback.
Privacy Policy
Your information will not be shared or sold without your consent. Get all the details.
Terms of Service
JewishJournal.com has rules for its commenting community.Get all the details.
JewishJournal.com reserves the right to use your comment in our weekly print publication.


text:
Research Areas
Memoir; Modern Day Slavery; Adoption Issues; Gender and International Development; Chinese History
Ph.D., Harvard University
M.A., Boston University
B.A. equivalent, University of Geneva
Curriculum Vitae (pdf)
One World: Chinese Adoptee Blog
A.G. Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing
Mei Mei Akwai Ellerman
Born and adopted in the United States, Dr. Ellerman received her doctorate at Harvard, and studied at Boston University, the University of Geneva, and the Liceo Classico Michelangiolo in Florence. After three decades of teaching Italian literature and cinema at Boston area institutions, Mei-Mei now focuses on research, writing, social activism and reiki practice. She is a scholar at the WSRC where she has the luxury of pursuing her combined interests. A founding board director of the Polaris Project [leading anti-human trafficking NGO in the US based in Washington, DC, and operator of the National Human Trafficking Hotline and Resource Center], as emerita, Mei-Mei remains deeply committed to raising awareness of modern-day slavery and fundraising for Polaris She also serves on the board of Chinese Adoptee Links International and Global Generations. She contributes a weekly blog piece to ChineseAdoptee.com on adoption-related issues, Chinese culture and history, as well as more general subjects, for the vast community of international adopted persons, in particular the younger generation. Recent participation in Adoption conferences has led to a greater understanding of the complexities of the culture of adoption, and increased involvement in the fight against fraudulent adoption practices and for universal access by all adoptees to their personal records. Since 2004 Mei-Mei has been a member of the International Advisory Board of the A.G. Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing. Her life-long interest in the deaf stems from growing up with her two maternal aunts who came to the United States in the early 1900s from China to attend the Clarke School for the Deaf in Northampton, MA. where they learned to speak and became expert lip readers. Mei-Mei's memoir on a 27-year-long search for her biological roots has led her to China six times as she has painstakingly unraveled the mystery surrounding her birth and the complex legal barriers put in place to thwart any investigatory attempts. The memoir on Mei-Mei's adoptive family draws upon personal narratives, letters, and photographs dating back to the late 1800s, interwoven with discoveries made in the course of years of global research. Travels to Denmark, China, Thailand, Korea, and Australia among other destinations, have allowed the author to solve long-held family secrets and reassess vital aspects of her Danish grandfather's career (as Commissioner for over 40 years of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs, and as Danish Ambassador to China). They have also yielded the keys to unlock the mystifying past of her Chinese grandmother. In November 2013, Mei-Mei became Co-Founder of the An-Ya Project, The Literary Lifting of Adoptee Voices, with Diane René Christian.
Current Projects
Mei-Mei is working on two memoirs both of which have involved worldwide research and travel: Circles of Healing, Circles of Love, the daunting 25-year-long search for her Chinese biological origins, and a cultural biography covering 160 years of her bi-racial adoptive family history, In Pursuit of Images and Shadows: A Chinese Daughter Journeys into her Mother's Past.
Representative Publications
Perpetual Child. Adult Adoptee Anthology: Dismantling the Stereotype, "Dedication and Coming Full Circle," 2013, An-Ya Project
Dear Wonderful You: Letters to Adopted and Fostered Youth, "Dedication and Letter," Co-Editors Diane René Christian and Mei-Mei Ellerman, An-Ya Project, November 2014.


text:
RVC competes in NJCAA Division III in men's and women's basketball, women's volleyball, golf, baseball, softball, men's and women's tennis, and men's and women's soccer. Not to brag, but we're pretty good at it. Our teams have won 13 national championships and we have had more than 140 All-Americans.
New Website! Check out our new Athletics website at rvcsports.com & sign-up for our e-newsletter!
Whether your plan is to take classes and transfer to a four-year university or enter one of our career programs designed to get you into the workforce right away, Rock Valley College has what you are looking for. Select from one of our more than 60 transfer areas or more than 30 career programs.
Online Schedule Check out RVC's online schedule for browsing course offerings!
Whether you are new to the college or know your way around, we have a variety of services designed to help you succeed. We're here for you every step of the way.
RVC Mobile App Download the RVC mobile app for your smartphone or mobile device!
At Rock Valley College, you're not just a number. Our highly respected faculty have master's degrees, doctorates and real-world experience. You won't be competing for attention in a huge lecture hall. Our average class size is 21, so you'll get a chance to interact, challenge and be challenged by your instructors.
Get Started! Find out what steps to take to start your journey at RVC...
The Estelle M. Black Library at Rock Valley College features over 91,000 book volumes and more than 650 periodicals, and access to the interlibrary loan system. It also features spaces for individual and group study, and if you get thirsty, there's a coffee shop in the lobby!
Have fun. Try stuff. RVC gives you opportunities to get involved. There are lots of student activities to choose from. We offer more than 20 clubs and organizations. Try your hands at student government. Join the staff of our campus newspaper. What's it going to be?
SL Handbook Your guide to getting involved at RVC! What are you waiting for?
As a nurse, you'll have a flexible, varied career where your services are in demand. Hospitals, medical offices and clinics, schools, corporations, community agencies and researchers all employ nurses. You'll learn both theory and technique as a nursing student. You'll be versed in the science of disease treatment and the art of caring. You may choose to specialize. After one class at Rock Valley College, you'll qualify to work as a nurse's aide in a variety of community settings. It's valuable work experience that'll help you develop professional confidence.
Nursing, with more than 2 million jobs, is the country's largest health care occupation. And it's growing. Between 2000 and 2010, the U.S. Department of Labor identified it as one of 10 occupations projected to have the largest numbers of new jobs. There's a critical shortage of nurses around the country. Hospital nursing jobs are growing, but more slowly than in other areas. Home healthcare and nursing homes are expected to be top job producers. And more nurses will be needed in clinics and medical offices as technology allows increasingly more sophisticated treatment options to be done off of a hospital campus.
For more information about nursing careers, go to: www.nursing.illinois.gov.


text:
BRISTOL — NASCAR's new knockout qualifying at Bristol Motor Speedway didn't produce the mayhem predicted on Friday afternoon.
It also didn't hurt Denny Hamlin's overall speed. He drove the No. 11 Joe Gibbs Racing Toyota to a lap of 14.610 seconds (129.991 mph) breaking a new track record in qualifying for Sunday's Food City 500.
The lap speed broke Kyle Busch's year-old record of 129.535 mph. It was Hamlin's second straight pole position at Bristol and his 18th overall in the Sprint Cup Series.
"It's always good to set a track record," Hamlin said. "I remember watching Ryan Newman get in the 14-second range back in the day and I was amazed. Obviously, now we're setting the bar. We're going to continue to set track records with the downforce we have now unless there are rule changes."
None of the predicted mayhem of drivers pulling out in front of each other ruin a competitor's lap happened. The pole-sitter and a 2012 August race winner at Bristol was able to turn a fast lap with no traffic in front of him.
"It's fast — it's faster than I ever imagined going around this track," Hamlin said. "Every new rule change we have just makes these cars go a little bit faster.We were pretty strategic in how we executed that qualifying session."
Brad Keselowski, winner of last Sunday's race at Las Vegas, qualified second with his lap of 14.764 (129.965) also breaking Busch's track record. It was the third straight week the Team Penske Ford driver earned a top row starting spot.
"Qualifying up front is great, but more important, having a strong pit selection is a bigger part of the equation," Keselowski said. "I'm happy to be in this spot, proud of the effort."
Keselowski laughed when asked if the Penske organization had figured out some formula with the new qualifying format.
"Black magic, black magic," Keselowski joked. "I don't think there is any big secret. When you're fast, you're fast. There isn't any trickery to it."
Regardless, Team Penske has been successful under the new qualifying rules.
Joey Logano, Keselowski's teammate, was fourth fastest, just one week after he earned the pole position at Las Vegas.
Matt Kenseth, driving the No. 20 Gibbs Toyota, was third overall, turning a lap of 14.866 seconds (129.073) around the .533-mile oval.
"We're working on the strategy," Kenseth said. "It worked out well for us. It was the first time I've seen a second round. We snuck in there and got a good lap. We've got a good pit stall so we will work on our race set-up for Sunday."
Marcos Ambrose qualified fifth in a Ford, followed by a pair of five-time Bristol winners, Jeff Gordon in a Chevrolet and Kyle Busch in a Toyota.
The rest of the top 10 consisted of Greg Biffle in a Ford, Ryan Newman in a Chevrolet and Kasey Kahne in a Chevrolet.
Six-time NASCAR champion Jimmie Johnson in a Chevrolet and Carl Edwards in a Ford were the other drivers to advance to the second round of qualifying.
Other notables included two-time Daytona 500 champion Dale Earnhardt Jr. who qualified 14th, Danica Patrick in 36th and three-time NASCAR champion Tony Stewart in 37th.
Sunday's race is scheduled to begin at 1 p.m.comments powered by Disqus


text:
Pamela Love
Mini Pentagram Cuff
Product Actions
Pamela Love polished goldtone brass mini pentagram cuff.
- Polished goldtone brass
- 3.5" band width, approximately
Style # 502238226
Need Help? Have Questions? Contact Us.
Please call 1.888.222.7639 to speak with a Customer Service Representative.
We're here to help you:
Monday - Friday, 9 AM - 9 PM (ET)
Saturday - Sunday, 11:30 AM - 8 PM (ET)
If you prefer email, we can be reached anytime at email@example.com.
Our Shipping & Returns Policy can be viewed here.


text:
Check out our other St. Patty's Day favorites, from Guinness-Marinated Steak to Green Eggs & Ham, here.
Short of soda bread, colcannon, and, well, booze, I came up short when brainstorming ideas for St. Patrick's Day cooking. In the past, we've featured the above-mentioned egg sandwiches, made green with homemade pesto. This year, we decided to incorporate the St. Patty's Day standby–alcohol–into our meals. Today, I'm baking. Tomorrow Phoebe will be posting about something more savory.
I read recipes, trying to research the effects of adding alcohol to baked goods. But I didn't find much. Over and over, this chocolate stout cake recipe came up–there were variations aplenty but they all led back to Bon Appetit. I didn't feel much like making chocolate cake–I wanted something earthier. Giving up on the internet, I improvised, thinking back to 1, 2, 3 Cake and its proportions. I messed around until I'd incorporated oatmeal, stout, and apples into this rich, caramel-y cake. I still can't tell you exactly how the beer is functioning here, but I can tell you that the cake that results is wholly worthwhile.
From my kitchen, albeit small, to yours,
Cara, THE QUARTER-LIFE COOK
Oatmeal Stout Cake with Apples & Whisky Cream
Makes 1 loaf
The whisky is optional, as is the cream. The cake is wonderful with and without 'em.
1 cup oats
11/2 cups oatmeal stout or other dark stout beer
1½ cups flour
1 teaspoon baking soda
½ teaspoon salt
½ teaspoon cinnamon
¼ teaspoon nutmeg
¾ cup neutral oil
1 cup brown sugar
3/4 cup sugar
2 eggs
½ teaspoon vanilla extract
2 apples, peeled, cored, and cut into ¼-inch dice
1 cup heavy (whipping) cream
1-2 tablespoons whisky
2 tablespoons powdered sugar, plus more for dusting
Put the oats in a bowl and pour the stout over. Set aside for 1-2 hours, until the oats have absorbed much of the beer.
When you're ready to bake, preheat the oven to 350°F. Oil a loaf pan and cover the bottom with parchment.
Combine the flour, baking soda, salt, cinnamon, and nutmeg in a small bowl.
In a medium bowl, beat the oil, sugars, and eggs together until well-combined and slightly creamy. Add the vanilla extract and stir.
Add 1/3 of the dry ingredients and mix in. Add ½ of the oatmeal-stout mixture and combine. Repeat, ending with the dry ingredients. Fold in the apples.
Scrape the batter into the prepared loaf pan. Bake for 50 minutes, until a tester comes out clean.
Cool in the pan for 10 minutes, then invert onto a plate or rack. Dust the loaf with powdered sugar.
Make the whisky whipped cream by beating the cream, whisky, and powdered sugar together until lifting up the beaters leaves a soft peak. Taste, adding more whisky or sugar as desired.
Cut the loaf into thick slices. Dust with more powdered sugar and top with the cream cream.


text:
The professional standard. The NRS Youth Farmer Bill will keep the little ones warm and comfortable on those chilly days in cold water.
NRS Youth Farmer Bill Wetsuit
The NRS Youth Shorty Wetsuit protects the smaller people in your life from chilly water and cold temperatures. The brightly colored panels make them more visible and easy to keep track of.
NRS Youth Shorty Wetsuit
Watersports are great fun for all ages and having the right gear makes it better. Whether your youth is rafting, kayaking or just playing in the water, NRS Youth KidSkin Pants keep them safe and warm.
NRS Youth KidSkin Pants
Protecting the core of the body is critical to heat retention. The NRS Youth KidSkin Shirt is a great layering piece for cold water and a great solo layer for extended exposure to cool water.
NRS Youth KidSkin L/S Shirt
Want to protect your young ones from the cold without the hassle of putting on and taking off tight neoprene shirts? Try the KidSkin Jacket from NRS. You'll love the zippered front entry.
NRS Youth KidSkin Jacket
Not finding what you're looking for? Search the site above, or feel free to contact us directly.


text:
- Riddles
- Silly
- Spiritual
- Toilet Humor
- Redneck Humor
- Practical Jokes
- Political Cartoons
- Patriotic
- Funny Parodies
- Office Jokes
- Love
- Free Jokes
- Interactive Fun
- Inspirational
- Hugs & Kisses
- Humor
- Free E-Cards
- Granny Cartoons
- Relationship Jokes
- Friendship
- Virtual Flowers
- Family
- Funny Dances
- Cartoons
- Baby Cartoons
- Animals
- Achievement
- Angels
Funny & Amazing Videos
Scottish Terrier runs along with his master and keeps up.
Everyone's dealt with the embarrassing voicemail, but when it's an insulting message and it's left to your boss on accident, you're fired. Especially when you call his family ugly and you call in sick when you're really going to Vegas.
It's Stella the Dog and she's one of the cutest pups you'll ever see. This black lab can turn, lay down and roll over on command--she knows all the tricks that score those doggy snacks from her master, who loves to give her treat.
The dangers of photocopying your butt are harsh. This clip taken from an actual video surveillance camera show a fat guy pulling down his pants and underwear to Xerox his ass. Unfortunately, fatty weighs too much and breaks the office copy machine.
This penguin loves to boogie, and does a hilarious dance for the camera.
Something spooks this little furball and he goes flying into a wall.
This guys got mad gas and farting skills!
This cute kitten has a death grip on his toy and refuses to let go.
Some absolutely amazing hand shadows. It's hard to believe that these shadows are created only by people's arms and hands.
Watch as this bird does some really amazing tricks! From rolling over, doing a flip, all the way to playing golf and basketball. This little guy will blow you away!
A cute video that will make you giggle. This silly cat looks like it's in a coma!
Ever wonder what a fart might look like? Take a look at this guys major gas explosion through an infared camera.
This clip from when Tom Cruise was on Oprah's talk show has not been released to the public until now. You will be shocked by what you see!
Video of a construction working using a real creative way to load his excavator onto a trailer.
A tank effortlessly crushes a Volkswagon car.
Security camera footage of a guy on his motorcycle crashing into the gate of someones home.
Video of someone almost getting their head taken off by a remote control F115.
An amazing video of a home made device thats sole purpose is to smash an egg in a very complex way.
Two guys attempt a crazy stunt on their ATV, but it ends with them falling off and one guy getting ran over.
Video of a guy who sneaks up on his friend and wraps his head up with tape.


text:
Set Image as Wallpaper in Google Chrome. Learn how to set an image as a wallpaper in Windows in Google Chrome.Read More
Play games in Google Chrome. Check out the Ultimate List of Google Chrome Extensions which allow you to play games in the browser.Read More
Google Chrome 8 has been released in the dev channel. Chrome 8 adds GPU Acceleration and Cloud Print.Read More
The latest Chromium build adds Cloud Print support to the Labs section.Read More
The last time Google officially said something about the Google TV was at the Google I/O Conference. Since then, the whole Internet world has been upbeat about Google's next product and curious as to how it will change their daily lives.Read More
The ForecastFox addon/extension is excellent for keeping me up to date on weather. It stays out of the way and does it's job with no visible hit to my system performance.Read More
Google Chrome celebrates its second birthday. Google Chrome 6 stable released on second Chrome anniversary.Read More
If you like trying out crazy experimental stuff in Google's Chrome web browser, you might be happy to hear that Chrome Canary now has a Labs feature.Read More
The newest version of Google Chrome supports speech recognition. Check out this website that translates spoken English to French.Read More
A comparison of rendering capabilities of hardware accelerated builds of Chrome 7, Internet Explorer 9 and Firefox 4.Read More
The latest Google Chrome (Chromium) builds include support for device orientation, speech recognition and Chrome Labs.Read More
I can tell you a little about the new Google Chrome web apps and the upcoming Chrome Web Store. So far, I'm not impressed with what I've seen. Do you want to know why?Read More
Google Chrome will feature a new GPU process in future versions that will manage all graphics related responsibilities. The GPU process will take in all graphics rendering tasks from the renderer process and send it to OpenGL or Direct3D.Read More
Google Chrome now opens PDF files inline within the browser. Users can view PDF files online in Google Chrome.Read More
Google Chrome has moved to the next version with the release of a development version of Google Chrome 7. A test version of the new Chrome is available already with the dev channel version arriving this week.Read More


text:
When a blade and/or interconnect device is inserted into the chassis of a powered or live server the procedure is known as hot-plugging. Before power is applied to the hot-plugged blade and/or interconnect device the fabric type of already installed blades and/or interconnect devices is correlated with fabric types of newly hot-plugged blade and/or interconnect device. Depending upon results of the correlation, power to the hot-plugged blade and/or interconnect device is allowed or denied.
1. A method to hot-plug a module into the chassis of a server said method comprising:
(a) determining fabric type of modules already in the chassis when the module is being hot-plugged, said fabric type corresponding to a transfer method of data to and from routing components;
(b) determining fabric type of the hot-plugged module; and
(c) correlating fabric types in (a) and (b) to determine which power permission state to apply to the hot-plugged module, wherein said power permission state is determined from among granting permission to power on the hot-plugged module and not granting permission to power on the hot-plugged module.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
instantiating messages between a control software management module and a network swicth; and
issuing messages to said blades to obtain information of the blades' peripherals, including a comparison of established fabric types associated with the blades.
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. The method of
9. A server including:
a chassis with at least one blade and at least one interconnecting device fully powered;
at least one module hot-plugged into said chassis; p1 a controller to determine fabric type of the blade, the module and the interconnecting device, said fabric type corresponding to a transfer method of data to and from routing components; and
said controller permitting power to be applied to said at least one module if all fabric types are compatible and denying permission to add power to said at least one module if the fabric types are incompatible.
10. A method to power modules in a server, said method comprising:
(a) using a first routine to apply full power to modules inserted in said server before power-on;
(b) hot-plugging a module into a slot of said server subsequent to power-on;
(c) determining fabric type of modules in step (a), said fabric type corresponding to a transfer method of data to and from routine components;
(d) determining fabric type of hot-plugged module in step (b);
(e) correlating fabric types determined in step (c) and step (d); and
(f) depending on results of the correlation in step (e) determine a power permission state for said hot plugged module, wherein said power permission state is determined from among granting permission to power on the hot-plugged module and not granting permission to power on the hot-plugged module.
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. The method of
14. The metbod of
15. The method of
16. The method of
17. A program product including a medium on which computer readable program is recorded, said program including:
(a) instructions to determine fabric type of a first set of modules, said fabric type corresponding to a transfer method of data to and from routing components;
(b) instructions to determine fabric type of another module;
(c) instructions to correlate fabric types in (a) and (b) to determine a power permission state to apply to the another module, wherein said power permission state is determined from among granting permission to power on the hot-plugged module and not granting permission to power on the hot-plugged module.
18. The program product of
(d) instructions for providing the hot-plugged module with permission to power on if the correlation indicates the fabric type of the hot-plugged module to be identical to fabric type of already installed modules that have been given power permission; and
(e) instructions for withholding giving permission to power on to the hot-plugged module if the correlation indicates conflicting fabric types between the hot-plugged module and already installed modules that have been given power permission.
19. The program product of
the first set of modules includes one of blades and include interconnect devices, such as switches; and
the fabric type includes one of Ethernet and fibre.
The present invention relates to patent application Ser. No. 10/306,310 entitled "APPARATUS, METHOD AND PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR AUTOMATICALLY DISTRIBUTING POWER TO MODULES WITHIN A SERVER", by G. Dake, et al. filed concurrently herewith and assigned to the assignee of the present invention and is incorporated herein in its entirety.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to communications network in general and in particular to the type of network devices termed "Servers".
2. Prior Art
The use of servers as devices within communications network is well known in the art. A server is equipment that makes available file, database, printing, facsimile, communications or other services to client terminals/stations with access to the network which the server serves. When the server permits client/terminal station access to external communications network it is sometimes known as a gateway. Servers are available in different sizes, shapes and varieties. Servers may be distributed throughout a network or they may be concentrated in centralized data centers. Notwithstanding, these differences there are certain inherent problems that must be addressed if the servers are going to function in an acceptable and reliable manner.
Probably, one of the most pressing problems associated with servers is manageability and particularly manageability as applied to chassis mounted servers. One aspect of manageability within this type of server relates to compatibility between components and power management. In particular, at what juncture of the configuration cycle should power be applied or allowed to be applied to components. Failure to apply power at the optimum juncture could result in damage to the components and down time for the server.
In past configurations a typical collection of servers would be connected to switches or hubs that require manual cabling and compatibility checking by an operator. Once these manual procedures were done power would then be applied to the servers and corresponding switches.
Manual compatibility checking and manual cabling are unacceptable due to the likelihood of human error which could result in damage to the equipment. In addition, operational cost is likely to be high due to cost associated with employing a service technician to perform the manual tasks enunciated above.
In view of the above problems a more efficient system and method is required to determine that interconnected subassemblies in the server are compatible before power is made available to said subassemblies.
One advantage of the present invention is that compatibility of modules is determined automatically, without the need for human intervention.
Another advantage of the present invention is that the likelihood of equipment damage due to the likelihood of human error is eliminated, since human intervention is not required.
Still another advantage of the present invention is the increased cost in operation due to cost associated with a technician is eliminated.
Still yet another advantage of the present invention is that the server can be placed at hard to reach locations. Because the system that performs the testing are built into the server and is activated as part of the initialization routine.
The present invention uses components and infrastructure already present in the server to perform the compatibility testing and powering of modules. In particular, a processor, preferably on the management module (MM), is programmed to determine the fabric type of modules and the fabric type of connectors providing interconnection between modules and communications highway or external networks. Once the information is gathered, the processor determines the dominant fabric type based upon a configuration that allows the most modules/connectors to be powered on. The processor causes power to be applied to all modules and connectors that are of the dominant fabric type. For example, if the dominant fabric type is ethernet then any module identifying itself as ethernet and communicating with ethernet protocol would be activated. Likewise, connectors identifying itself as ethernet are also activated with power.
Often times a blade and/or connector (hereafter chassis interconnect device) has to be inserted into a live or powered chassis. This process is known as hot plugging the module. Before permission to add power to the blade is granted or the interconnect fabric device is powered up, the controller correlates the fabric type of the blade and chassis interconnect device with the fabric type of the hot plugged module and based upon the results of the correlation permission to power up or not power up is granted to the module.
The description which follows presupposes knowledge of data communications network, network devices, such as servers or the like, and protocols used for transmitting information within the network. As such, general information regarding any of the enunciated items will not be given herein. Suffice it to say that background information relative to these items can be found in the literature or on the following web sites and their successors. The web sites includes:
Still referring to
Still referring to
Still referring to
Still referring to
Still referring to
Still referring to
Referring again to
Having described the details of an implementation according to the teachings of the present invention an example of how the invention functions with respect to a predefined configuration will now be given.
For purposes of the example the following switch configuration will be assumed. With respect to
In summary, the invention solves a manageability problem in a chassis with multiple blades and various interconnect connectors. An interconnect connector includes, but is not limited to an Ethernet switch, Fibre Channel Switch, or Serial port concentrator. Each blade or processor module (PM) in the chassis may have a daughter card that may communicate over the interconnect connector. The daughter cards, PM and the interconnect connectors must be of the same type, for compatibility to power on. Initially the types and quantities of interconnect connectors and PM are unknown. The Management Module (System Management Module) communicates to each PM over a bus to identify the connection type and the daughter card if it exists. The Management Module also communicates to each interconnect connector over a bus to identify the type of the interconnect connector, if it exists. The management module will then compute which servers and interconnect connectors will be granted power permission, or be powered on. The management module will use the bus to communicate to each PM that it has permission to power on and use the interconnect fabric, and communicate to each interconnect connector to power on. This gives a purpose to the interconnect fabric so that only compatible components can communicate on it. This is an ideal solution for a chassis of blade servers as it provides a built in high speed interconnect fabric which can be used for multiple purposes.
The description so far relates to a cold start system. As used in this application a cold start system is one in which power has not been applied to any of the Processor Modules or interconnect connectors.
The remaining portion of this document relates to the situation where a blade and/or interconnect device is inserted into a power on or live server blade chassis. This is also known as hot plugging.
When a blade is inserted into a live chassis, the blade may have incompatible Interconnect Fabric hardware installed. The blade cannot be allowed to power on if the Interconnect Fabric devices are incompatible. In some cases, physical damage may occur to the hardware.
To prevent damage, the blade is examined and the installed Interconnect Fabric hardware on the blade is assessed. At this time, based on information held on currently installed blades and currently installed Server Blade Chassis Interconnect devices, a decision to allow the new blade to power up is made.
In particular, information about the blades currently installed in the Server Blade Chassis and the Interconnect Fabric hardware installed in the Server Blade Chassis is collected and stored by the Service Processor. When a new Blade is inserted into the Chassis or a new interconnect fabric device is inserted into the chassis, The Server Processor will query the new device for its information. The onboard fabric interfaces, Optional fabric interfaces, power states of all existing Blades and, the newly inserted Blade are compared to each other, as well as, the type of Optional Interconnect Fabric hardware installed in the Chassis.
The first Blade with an Interconnect Fabric device that is inserted into a hot Server Blade Chassis along with the Interconnect Fabric hardware device in the chassis will dictate the Chassis power permission scheme. For example, if an Interconnect Fabric hardware device in the chassis is of type A and a Blade with type A Option card was allowed to power up then all future Blades that wish to power up must either have a type A Option card, Not have an Option Card installed or, their Option card can not conflict with the type A Option Fabric. Likewise, if blades are powered on before a chassis interconnect fabric device, the blades configuration will dictate whether the chassis interconnect fabric device is allowed to power on. If an incompatibility exists, The New Blade or the new chassis interconnect fabric device will not be allowed to Power on and the customer will be notified as of the offending device.
Processor blades provide the processor, memory, hard disk storage and firmware of an industry standard server. In addition, they include keyboard, video and mouse ("KVM") selection via a control panel, an onboard service processor, and access to the floppy and CD-ROM drives in the media tray. A daughter card is connected via an onboard PCI-X interface and is used to provide additional high-speed links to switch modules SM3 and SM4 (described below). Each processor blade also has a front panel with 5 LED's to indicate current status, plus four push-button switches for power on/off, selection of processor blade, reset, and NMI for core dumps for local control.
Blades may be 'hot swapped' without affecting the operation of other blades in the system. A server blade is typically implemented as a single slot card (394.2 mm�226.99 mm); however, in some cases a single processor blade may require two slots. A processor blade can use any microprocessor technology as long as it is compliant with the mechanical and electrical interfaces, and the power and cooling requirements of the server blade system.
For redundancy, processor blades have two signal and power connectors; one connected to the upper connector of the corresponding slot of midplane MP (described below), and the other connected to the corresponding lower connector of the midplane. Processor Blades interface with other components in the server blade system via the following midplane interfaces: 1) Gigabit Ethernet (2 per blade; required); 2) Fibre Channel (2 per blade; optional); 3) management module serial link; 4) VGA analog video link; 4) keyboard/mouse USB link; 5) CD-ROM and floppy disk drive ("FDD") USB link; 6) 12 VDC power; and 7) miscellaneous control signals. These interfaces provide the ability to communicate with other components in the server blade system such as management modules, switch modules, the CD-ROM and the FDD. These interfaces are duplicated on the midplane to provide redundancy. A processor blade typically supports booting from the media tray CDROM or FDD, the network (Fibre channel or Ethernet), or its local hard disk drive.
A media tray MT includes a floppy disk drive and a CD-ROM drive that can be coupled to any one of the 14 blades. The media tray also houses an interface board on which is mounted interface LED's, a thermistor for measuring inlet air temperature, and a 4-port USB controller hub. System level interface controls consist of power, location, over temperature, information, and general fault LED's and a USB port.
Midplane circuit board MP is positioned approximately in the middle of chassis CH1 and includes two rows of connectors; the top row including connectors MPC-S1-R1 through MPC-S14-R1, and the bottom row including connectors MPC-S1-R2 through MPC-S14-R2. Thus, each one of the 14 slots includes one pair of midplane connectors located one above the other (e.g., connectors MPC-S1-R1 and MPC-S1-R2) and each pair of midplane connectors mates to a pair of connectors at the rear edge of each processor blade (not visible in
Two hot plugable blowers BL1 and BL2 include backward-curved impeller blowers and provide redundant cooling to the server blade system components. Airflow is from the front to the rear of chassis CH1. Each of the processor blades PB1 through PB14 includes a front grille to admit air, and low-profile vapor chamber based heat sinks are used to cool the processors within the blades. Total airflow through the system chassis is about 300 CFM at 0.7 inches H2O static pressure drop. In the event of blower failure or removal, the speed of the remaining blower automatically increases to maintain the required air flow until the replacement unit is installed. Blower speed control is also controlled via a thermistor that constantly monitors inlet air temperature. The temperature of the server blade system components are also monitored and blower speed will increase automatically in response to rising temperature levels as reported by the various temperature sensors.
Four hot plugable power modules PM1 through PM4 provide DC operating voltages for the processor blades and other components. One pair of power modules provides power to all the management modules and switch modules, plus any blades that are plugged into slots 1–6. The other pair of power modules provides power to any blades in slots 7–14. Within each pair of power modules, one power module acts as a backup for the other in the event the first power module fails or is removed. Thus, a minimum of two active power modules are required to power a fully featured and configured chassis loaded with 14 processor blades, 4 switch modules, 2 blowers, and 2 management modules. However, four power modules are needed to provide full redundancy and backup capability. The power modules are designed for operation between an AC input voltage range of 200 VAC to 240 VAC at 50/60 Hz and use an IEC320 C14 male appliance coupler. The power modules provide +12 VDC output to the midplane from which all server blade system components get their power. Two +12 VDC midplane power buses are used for redundancy and active current sharing of the output load between redundant power modules is performed.
Management modules MM1 through MM4 are hot-pluggable components that provide basic management functions such as controlling, monitoring, alerting, restarting and diagnostics. Management modules also provide other functions required to manage shared resources, such as the ability to switch the common keyboard, video, and mouse signals among processor blades.
The management module communicates with each processor blade service processor via the out-of-band serial bus, with one management module acting as the master and the processor blade's service processor acting as a slave. For redundancy, there are two serial busses (one bus per midplane connector) to communicate with each processor blade's service processor. The processor blade is responsible for activating the correct interface to the top or bottom midplane connector based upon the state of the signals from the active management module. When two management modules are installed, the module in slot 1 will normally assume the active management role, while the module in slot 2 will be reserved as a standby module. In event of management module failure or removal after the chassis subsystems have been initialized, the operation of the processor blades and switch subsystems are not affected. Thus, if both management modules are inactive or removed, the server blade system's components will continue to function, but chassis configuration cannot be changed. Addresses are hardwired for each slot on each top and bottom midplane connector, and used by a processor blade's service processor to determine which processor blade is being addressed on the serial bus.
Each of the four switch modules SM1 through SM4 has a dedicated 100 Mbps Ethernet link to the two management modules MM1 and MM2. This provides a secure high-speed communication path to each of the switch modules for control and management purposes only. The I2C serial links are used by the management module to internally provide control of the switch module and to collect system status and vendor product data ("VPD") information. To accomplish this, the various control and data areas within the switch modules, such as status and diagnostic registers and VPD information, are accessible by the management module firmware. In general, the active management module can detect the presence, quantity, type, and revision level of each blade, power module, blower, and midplane in the system, and can detect invalid or unsupported configurations (e.g., processor blades with Fibre Channel daughter cards connected to Ethernet switch modules.) This function relies upon VPD information within each subsystem as well as signals from the various hardware interfaces or communication via the service processor protocols.
The Ethernet Switch Modules are hot-pluggable components that provide Ethernet switching capabilities to the server blade system. The primary purpose of the switch module is to provide Ethernet interconnectivity between the processor blades, management modules and the outside network infrastructure. Depending on the application, the external Ethernet interfaces may be configured to meet a variety of requirements for bandwidth and function. One Ethernet switch module is included in the base system configuration, while a second Ethernet switch module is recommended for redundancy. Each processor blade has a dedicated, 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) full-duplex SERDES link to each of the two switch modules, and each switch module has four external 1 Gbps (RJ45) ports for connection to the external network infrastructure.
Fibre Channel (FC) is an industry standard networking scheme for sharing remote storage devices among a group of servers. Each processor blade includes a connector to accept a Fibre Channel daughter board containing two Fibre Channel ports of 2 Gb each for connection to dual Fibre Channel switch modules. The routing of the Fibre Channel signals occurs through the midplane to the Fibre Channel switch modules in slots 3 and 4 in the rear of the server blade chassis. Each Fibre Channel switch module is hot-pluggable without disruption of blade or chassis operation. The routing of the two Fibre Channel ports is such that one port from each processor blade is wired to one Fibre Channel switch module, and the other port is wired to the other Fibre Channel switch module to provide redundancy. Each Fibre Channel switch module has 2 external 2 Gb ports for attachment to the external Fibre Channel switch and storage infrastructure. This option allows each of the 14 processor blades to have simultaneous access to a Fibre Channel based storage area network (SAN) as well as the Ethernet based communications network.
It is to be understood that the above described arrangements are merely illustrative of the application of principles of the invention and that other arrangements may be devised by someone skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
Room -1.12, Griffith Law Building (N61), 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111.
Open 11–2 Monday to Friday.
[email protected], Office +61 7 3735 3507.
RECEPTIONIST / SECRETARY / LAW CLERK position available in small firm near the CBD. • Part-time position available.• 2 to 3 days a week.• Remuneration is at award rates. • Commencing immediately• Would prefer applicants to have completed at least one year of a law degree.• Terms flexible, enquiries welcome.Please send cover letter and resume to - Annette BradfieldFox Bradfield LawyersPO Box 3078 South Brisbane BC Q 4101
GULS is very proud to bring you Careers Week!!!Whether you're a 5th year student looking to apply for graduate jobs, a 3rd year student starting to think about what you want to do post Law School, or a 1st year student just looking to figure out what the heck PLT is, Careers Week has something for you!!
GULS is pleased to announce that the 2014 Careers Guide is here. Due to the file size it may take a minute to load so please be patient. Find it here: http://guls.org/sites/default/files/GULS%202014%20Careers%20Guide.pdf
A versatile law student is required to work with the barristers and support team in this busy commercial barrister's chambers. For more information: http://guls.org/sites/default/files/Barristers%20Chambers%20Assistant%20Ad%202014.pdf
Legal internships
The NSW Law Reform Commission invites:
· law students in their final year;
· law students entering their final year in 2014; and
· recent law graduates,
to apply for legal internships during the summer university vacation, 2013-14.
Wonderley & Hall Solicitors seek a Graduate for their Toowoomba office, commencing February 2014, to join its family law section.
Wonderley & Hall Solicitors is an established and well regarded Toowoomba law firm founded in 1894.
Our team, including four partners and seven professional staff, are dedicated to providing excellent legal advice to our clients in an enriching and enjoyable work environment.
Griffith University Law Society (GULS) – working to support law students in all aspects of their academic, personal and professional development through creativity, inclusiveness and integrity.
The Griffith University Law Society listens to the student body. Contact our IT Officer with any questions or ideas you have at [email protected]
Get involved by becoming a GULS patron. We are always looking for people to help with events. It looks great on your resume and we provide a certificate at the end of the year.
developed by in.dustri.es
© 2012 Griffith University Law Society


text:
Fieldrunners 2 for iPhone,iPad,iPod Touch:
The people need your help! Get ready to DEFEND THE WORLD!
The biggest sequel in tower defense history is finally here: Fieldrunners 2 has arrived! From Subatomic Studios, creators of the award winning classic strategy Game, comes an all new adventure that was years in the making. Build epic mazes out of powerful weapons to defend the world from the invading fieldrunners!
What critics are saying:
• "The king of tower defense returns!" – 148Apps
• "Innovating and redefining tower defense" – GamesBeat
• "Time to double check those pacemakers!" – G4TV
• "The best game we saw at E3" – Apple'N'Apps
• "Set to lead mobile tower defense" – App Advice
• "Looking fantastic" – TouchArcade
The fieldrunners are back! With legions of soldiers and a gaggle of new tricks, they're ready to conquer the globe. Or so they think! Our top scientists at SubaLabs have built a bleeding-edge arsenal of devastating weapons for any heroes willing to stop these dastardly invaders. Help your people by taking action – DEFEND THE WORLD!
Strategic-Action-Puzzle-Defense has never been this fun and addicting! Defend your world from the invasion by building winding paths out of imaginative, new weapons. Call in airstrikes and set explosive traps to hit the enemies where it hurts. Over 20 new levels span the grassiest fields, driest deserts, sparkling cities, and even an infernal volcano lair! Challenge your mind with the exciting new gameplay styles in Puzzle, Sudden Death, and Time Trial levels. Are you ready to stop the fieldrunners once and for all? Join the defense, now!
• Pint sized invaders seeking revenge!
• Hours of action across a huge world stuffed with levels!
• 20 unique, upgradable weapons for stopping the enemies in style!
• Retina display support makes hyper detailed hand painted artwork shine!
• Air strikes, mines, and powerful items let you attack with the precision of a surgeon!
• Sudden Death, Time Trial, and Puzzle type levels put a fresh spin on tower defense!
• Trenches, bridges, and tunnels make strategic choices more important than ever!
• Customizable loadouts so you can pick the perfect weapons for each battle!
• Revolutionary AI lets the fieldrunners move with stunning realism!
• Elite enemy types bring new challenges to the battlefield!
• A tower that launches bee hives!
What's New in Version 1.1
FIRST UPDATE! v1.1
Lots of adjustments based on your feedback!
Thank you for sharing
• Beat those hard levels with an easier Casual mode!
• Amazing new time trial map – Flash Fire!
• Conquer the leaderboards with Game Center!
• Faster levels fit your on-the-go lifestyle!
• Finally beat Scrambled Eggs on Hard!
• Can you spot the changes in Bizarre Bazaar?
• Get coins for sharing scores on Twitter!
• Glorious music is now bug free!
• Enable low-fi mode to fix crashes!
• Save your progress when exiting maps!
• Push notifications that won't annoy you!
• Tackle the challenging Endless mode!
• General bug fixes and more!
What's New in Version 1.2
• Transfer game saves to any device thanks to iCloud!
• NEW BOOM-Kin Tower – Celebrate Halloween with a Jack O' Lantern that breathes fire!
• Fan requested feature: coin shop!
• Fully optimized for buttery smooth gameplay and visuals!
What's New in Version 1.4
iPhone 5 SUPPORT HAS ARRIVED!!!
Download Fieldrunners 2 Free to get the all new Polymorph Tower for FREE!!
• Polymorph Tower – Turn metaphorical sheep into literal sheep with our first ever rapid-fire slow tower!
• Napalm Tower – Cause a lingering burning sensation with our hottest tower yet!
• Santa Strike – Ho ho ho! What do you want for Christmas? EXPLOSIVES!
• Frostinator – Frosty the slow man, was a jolly happy slow. With a corn-cob pipe and a decent range, he turns baddies into snow.
• Superpack – 3 Santas, 3 Rewinds, 3 Frostinators!
• Ultrapack – 9 Freezes, 9 Fires, 9 Flus!
• iCloud fixes!
• Resolution automatically adjusts to fix memory issues!
What's New in Version 1.6
**What's New – v1.6**
• Fully optimized for fun!
• Added support for iOS 7 and iPhone 5S, 5C
• Bug fixes and back end updates
**Past Updates**
• 1.5: Bug Fixes
• 1.4: Added new towers and holiday items
• 1.3: Bug Fixes and new Halloween weapons
• 1.2: Added IAP and new weapons
• 1.1: Added GameCenter and new levels
• 1.0: Launch!
Fieldrunners 2 cracked IPA for iPhone,iPad,iPod Touch:
Version 1.6: Direct Link


text:
The PEARL+ Luxury Soap Box is lovingly made with hand burnished locally sourced cedar. Each box is handcrafted by Moriki Design.. This versitile box can be used for travel – simply fasten lid with included elastic (that doubles as a hair tie!) to bring your Pearl+ soap wherever you go. Use this beautiful box at home as a soap dish that drains and keeps your soap dry. Each box contains two Moisturizing Soap Cubes and two Detoxing Soap Cubes. Both soaps utilize the activating benefits of crushed natural pearl to help restore luster and smoothness to your skin.
+ Small batches handcrafted in Portland Oregon by Studio J. 100% natural ingredients.


text:
13:47 16 August 2012
Killer whales, Orcinus orca, are well-known for their distinctive black and white colouring and predatory instincts. They are seen in all of the world's oceans, but local populations seem to have developed their own cultures. Here are some of the killer whales' learned behaviours. Caroline Morley
Read more: "Zoologger: Cultured killer whales learn by copying"
Meanwhile, in the Antarctic, seals resting on ice floes could find their floating refuge upturned. Killer whales work together to create waves that rock the ice and roll the seal back into the water. In this photo, two killer whales are spyhopping to get a closer look at the crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga) lying on an ice floe.
(Image: Rick Price/Getty Images)


text:
Will Reading Airport lose tower staff in sequester cuts?
Published: Feb 24 2013 07:00:00 PM EST Updated On: Feb 25 2013 06:45:49 PM EST
The sequester could put Reading Regional Airport in a bind.
The Federal Aviation Administration's plan for dealing with the cuts includes closing more than 100 air traffic control towers.
Reading's tower is among those being considered for closure, but a tower controller at the airport told us, even if the closure does happen, it won't be implemented for at least a year.
That person also told us the airport would have the option of finding a way to staff the tower on its own.
Copyright 2013 WFMZ. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Nashville resident (formerly of McMinnville) and Warren County native Iona Scott Hobbs, 83, was born Jan. 31, 1929 and died Dec. 31 at Alive Hospice in Nashville following an extended illness.
A retired purchasing agent for the city of McMinnville and member of West Riverside Church of Christ, she was the daughter of the late Howard and Villa McBride Scott. She was married Dec. 27, 1947 to Hubert Lee Hobbs, who preceded her in death March 16, 2005. In addition to her husband and parents, she was preceded in death by two brothers, Grant Scott and Glenn Scott.
She is ...
** Subscribers Log in to read this full article.


text:
Today, many people have turned to music for different reasons. As a startup musician, there are very many challenges that you will have to face. One of those challenges is getting noticed. Although it is really not easy to get noticed as a new musician, the following ideas and guidelines can help you with this.
Shoot a Video
What many new artists do not know is that shooting a video greatly increases your chances of getting noticed. As much as you may have meticulously done lyrics, a video adds presence to the music, and people will be curious about you. With this curiosity comes a chance to get yourself gigs and eventually someone will notice you. You do not have to shoot a million dollar video, just basic video editing will suffice at this stage. Remember, you will also need amazing promotional photos to go with this video.
Get Someone Famous in Your Music
There are millions of people out there vying for attentions. In your neighborhood, there is probably that person who was in some sitcom a long time ago or was part of some soap opera on some local channel. Such people have the local recognition and will take any chance they get to seek for more recognition and can be very effective in helping you get noticed too. Therefore, get one of them in your videos, and it could give you the breakthrough that you need.
Get Yourself Lots of Gigs
Gigs are good for every musician especially upcoming ones. Even if they are local gigs, they help you improve a great deal on your music by offering you a chance to overcome the pressure associated with performing for a crowd. These gigs also help you refine your personality and music writing prowess which is important for any musician who wants to get noticed. Therefore, if you are asked to curtain raise for a local musician, do not throw away this opportunity because you never know who may be impressed in the crowd.
Employ Shock Tactics
Musicians and actors all over the world use shock tactics to get noticed or at least remain relevant. You can also choose this path, and you will be surprised by the publicity that you will get. You can do something will make you look incredibly juvenile or arrogant. You could also do with some controversy or anything that will get you in the news or newspapers. As much as you may see this as negative publicity, there is someone out there yearning to get their hands on you or your music as a result of these tactics.
Use Social Media to Market Your Music
Today, there are quite a number of social media platforms. As a musician, you should try and have an account on almost all of them and even go ahead and link these accounts. Once you have joined, the next step involves posting your music on these sites. This will help you get feedback and of course recognition. If you consistently post on YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and other music sharing platforms like SoundCloud, then you will get noticed.
Upcoming musicians have a lot they can do to get noticed. These are only some of the numerous strategies that they can employ to get fans behind them and sign recording deals with some of the best studios around.


text:
Stuart woman records International Game Fish Association Inshore Slam
Lorraine Francis calls herself "just a housewife who likes to fish."
Subscribe to TCPalm
Ready to subscribe to TCPalm? Choose between a Premium or Digital subscription below.
Need Help? Call us at 1-877-710-6180.
Monday-Friday: 6am-3pm / Saturday: 6:30am-10:30am / Sunday: 7am-11am