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Department of Biology
|Text Only Version
A Message from the Chair
We have a saying in the Biology Department: "For Biologists, the Study of Life is a Way of Life." While students in our department can expect to receive a strong theoretical foundation of scientific theory and concepts, the biology faculty prides itself on giving students a rich laboratory experience. The department also offers students a host of field opportunities ranging from excursions to Costa Rica and San Salvador to afternoon trips to our on-campus arboretum.
Alumni frequently enroll in graduate programs at prestigious universities such as Yale and Dartmouth where they report that their preparation at Eastern is second to none. Eastern students end up in careers in a rich variety of occupational fields: genetics, dentistry, medicine, optometry, veterinary science, ecology, plant biology, marine biology, biotechnology, and science teaching.
As a department within a liberal arts university we believe that the in-depth study of a major discipline is an integral part of liberal education. In addition to preparing our graduates for careers in the life sciences, our primary goals are:
Sound exciting? This website can help you learn more about our department and the programs we offer. Check it out, and come visit us in person!


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The Biology of Belief: Unleashing the Power of Consciousness, Matter & MiraclesPaperback
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- Publisher: Hay House UK Ltd
- Format: Paperback | 240 pages
- Dimensions: 152mm x 228mm x 20mm | 340g
- Publication date: 3 July 2011
- Publication City/Country: London
- Sales rank: 1,047
Product description
Through the research of Dr Lipton and other leading-edge scientists, stunning new discoveries have been made about the interaction between your mind and body and the processes by which cells receive information. It shows that genes and DNA do not control our biology, that instead DNA is controlled by signals from outside the cell, including the energetic messages emanating from our thoughts. Using simple language, illustrations, humour, and everyday examples, he demonstrates how the new science of Epigenetics is revolutionising our understanding of the link between mind and matter and the profound effects it has on our personal lives and the collective life of our species. This paperback edition of "The Biology of Belief" fully updates and revises the material from the bestselling original edition, and adds material in the light of the seismic effect the book has had.
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Bruce Lipton, PhD is an internationally recognised authority in bridging science and spirit and a leading voice in new biology. A cell biologist by training, he taught Cell Biology at the University of Wisconsin's School of Medicine, and later performed pioneering studies at Stanford University's School of Medicine. He has been a guest speaker on dozens of TV and radio shows, as well as keynote presenter for national conferences.
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The long sought after missing link between life and consciousness; The Biology of Belief will become a cornerstone for the science of the new millennium. Gregg Braden

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Steve commented on the post, Caption Contest! Winner receives 100 SD Ounces! 2 years, 10 months ago
Come on, Barry, are you really that stupid??
Look, I can be just as good as Corzine if not better and way better than Solyndra. If you give me $1 Billion, I'll donate $500 Million to your campaign. All of […]


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|March 7, 2011 | Volume 86, Number 10
Packed Cathedral welcomes four new deacons »
Benedictine continues plans to move school to abbey »
Diocesan Appeal funds new Work Camp for youth »
VCC hails new law to regulate abortion clinics »
OJP to promote Respect Life work in all parishes »
Digital media said tool for evangelization »
St. Matthew student wins essay contest on patriotism »
About Us | Archives | Articles | Columns | Contact Us | Editorial | Hispanic Apostolate | Home | Letters | Opportunities | Parish Profile | Shortakes | The Catholic Diocese of Richmond
Copyright © 2011 The Catholic Virginian Press. Articles from Catholic News Services, including Fr. Dietzen's column, may not be reproduced due to copyright considerations.
The Catholic Virginian is a biweekly publication serving the people of the Catholic Diocese of Richmond. This website includes some, but not all, of the articles from the print version of The Catholic Virginian.
For subscription information Contact Us.


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Volunteers are special people who are genuinely willing to devote their time, knowledge and expertise to be of service to others. And most volunteers will tell you that they benefit as much, or more, than those they serve. Volunteering can help you:
Explore careers in the health care field
Sharpen certain skills for re-entry into the business world
Stay active in your retirement years
Meet people and develop friendships
Experience personal satisfaction and growth through an investment of your time
Many employers recognize the value of volunteer experience. The director of volunteer services will write a letter of recommendation upon request that you can use as a job reference.
Waukesha Memorial Hospital needs you if you can devote two to four hours of your time on a weekly basis. Volunteers must be at least 15 years old and be dependable, trustworthy and have a desire to show people they care. New hospital volunteers need to attend an orientation program. They receive training from hospital staff and experienced volunteers, both in the classroom and on the job.
Waukesha Memorial Hospital has many choices for volunteer service. Some opportunities include:
Mail Delivery
Visiting patients (must be 18 years of age)
Answering phones/greeting patients in the Partial Hospitalization Unit
Recovery Room
In addition, there are volunteer opportunities in new programs that are developed to meet the needs of the hospital as well as the volunteer. We also need an on-call pool of volunteers for special projects.
We honor our volunteers at an annual recognition luncheon and you can receive awards.
Thank you for your interest in volunteering at Waukesha Memorial Hospital. Apply online with our Volunteer Application Form. Once the application is submitted, you will be contacted regarding next steps.
Requirements to volunteer:
TB test/Health Assessment
Flu Vaccine
Criminal Background Check
* We are no longer accepting applications for summer volunteers
If you'd like to know more about the many types of volunteer opportunities available, please contact the Volunteer Services Department by email or by calling 262-928-2734. Thank you for choosing ProHealth Care for your volunteer experience.


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Castor hears from environmentalists, local businesses on spill
Kate Bradshaw
WMNF Drive-Time News Thursday | Listen to this entire show:
As oil is reportedly starting to wash up in Pensacola and even the Keys, Tampa Bayâs beaches are also bracing for a blow. Today U.S. Rep. Kathy Castor met with local leaders who are already feeling the effects of the disaster in the Gulf. At the meeting, hoteliers, environmentalists, and other stakeholders called for a multifaceted approach lessening the effects of the oil â and holding BP accountable.
Take an evening jog in the coastal town Treasure Island, say from Sunset Beach to Johnâs Pass. Along the way youâll see pelicans- oil free, tiny purple shells lining the shore â also sans oil, and a bold blue expanse of saltwater â with no oil or tarballs to speak of. But tell that to someone in Germany who could just as well book a trip in Cabo, says Sirata Beach resort president Greg Nicklaus.
Nicklaus says heâs already filed a claim to recoup some of the lost revenue due to impressions all of Floridaâs beaches are oiled. Therein, says Tampa Bay Beaches Chamber of Commerce President Robin Grabowski, lies the problem.
A drop in tourism obviously also hurts fisherman, who run sell their catch to local markets and charter fishing trips. But with thirty-seven percent of the Gulf closed off to fishing, Tampa Bay area fishermen and women are feeling the burn. Travis Palladeno runs a fishing boat in Madeira Beach. Heâs a commercial fisherman who relies heavily on dollars from running a charter boat.
He said so far heâs had to cancel sixty charter trips.
Palladeno says he thinks the government is shutting down fisheries arbitrarily, and heâd like to see better research.
Representatives from local environmental groups also had concerns about the research. Michelle Simoneau of Suncoast Seabird Sanctuary, one of the response centers for oiled birds, told Castor she wanted to know more about chemical oil dispersants.
The wide-ranging discussion went well beyond the question of how to tackle the disasterâs economic and ecological short-term effects in Tampa Bay. They also talked about moving toward clean energy. US Representative Kathy Castor said she wants to incentivize clean energy exploration on the part of power companies.
Darden Rice of the Gulf Restoration Network said one of the major roadblocks in that respect with that is the clout of industry lobbyists.
Castor said she agreed, and hopes to tackle that in the future. She also stressed the need to hold BP accountable and financially responsible for scientific research, cleanup, lost wages, and other costs associated with the disaster. She said meetings like this are vital in assessing such needs.
Castor also wrote a letter to BP America head Lamar Mackay requesting $100 million in funding for a Floridaâs Oil Spill Academic Task Force, a team of state university researchers charged with assessing numerous aspects of the worst oil spill that has ever happened in U.S. waters.
Today BP officials announced theyâve managed to cut a pipe thatâs been gushing oil into the Gulf. But the cut is irregular, which means that capping the well may prove difficult.comments powered by Disqus


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Final Candidate for Provost Visits University of Iowa
Or, Five Strong Outside Candidates Interviewed
The University of Iowa will select a new Provost by the end of the month from a field that includes Dr. Arlene Carney, a current U of M administrator. The new Iowa president, Sally Mason - previously at Purdue - will announce her decision shortly. Three of the finalists are women, so the final top administrative positions at the U of I could both be held by women. One of the finalists, Camilla Benbow, is also one of three finalists for the provost position at Purdue.
Of the schools in the BigTen that we might be able to overcome in our long climb to greatness, Purdue and Iowa seem to be the next rungs on the ladder. So it would be wise to observe their activities. Iowa, in particular, seems to have done very well in the last few years in selecting top administrators. The last two presidents at Iowa have gone on to head Michigan and Cornell, and the last provost left to become president of UConn. Good eye, Hawks.
At the U of M, both of our current top administrators have been internal candidates. The last presidential search was marred by a row over secrecy. The University under court order was finally forced to disclose the names of candidate finalists. Let's just say the list was not impressive. Perhaps in the future getting some new energy and ideas from outside would be a good idea? One effect of having an open process is that selection committees will need to come up with a slate of candidates that can stand public scrutiny.
Seattle U dean and Grinnell grad is U of I provost finalist
The University of Iowa's fifth and last finalist for the position of provost is Wallace D. Loh, dean of Seattle University's College of Arts and Sciences, the U of I announced today.
Loh, who is also a professor of public service and psychology, will visit the U of I campus Wednesday and Thursday.
Before becoming Seattle University's dean of arts and sciences in 1999, Loh was director of policy for Washington Governor Gary Locke. Loh was also vice chancellor for academic affairs and law professor at the University of Colorado at Boulder from 1995-1997. He was dean of the University of Washington Law School from 1990-1995. He worked in law firms in New York and San Francisco.
Loh was born in China and raised in Peru. He speaks Spanish, Chinese and French. Loh received his bachelor's degree from Grinnell College.
The U of I is seeking to replace former provost Michael Hogan, who was named University of Connecticut president in August. Loh is the last of five finalists to visit Iowa City.
The others are:
Robert J. Sternberg, dean of the School of Arts and Sciences and psychology professor at Tufts University
Suzanne Ortega, vice provost and graduate dean at the University of Washington
Arlene Carney, vice provost for faculty and academic affairs at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Camilla Persson Benbow, dean of education and human development at Vanderbilt University.


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Below are some articles and TV news clips that capture some of the cases we have worked on over the years. Of course, often the cases that are the most meaningful and important to an individual client are not the type of cases that attract media attention.
Belton et al. v. State of Georgia (Disability Discrimination Suit Brought on Behalf of Georgia's Deaf Residents0
Class Action Status Granted in Deaf Services Lawsuit Overview of deaf discrimination lawsuit
Burch, et al. v. Young Harris College (Case involving hazing at small Georgia college)
Lack v. Kersey, et al. (Representing student council president in First Amendment litigation against Fulton County School District) Additional coverage of Lack v. Kersey case here.
Shelbayah, et al. v. Georgia State University (Representing Muslim Student Subjected to Harassment by College Professor)
Radford Representing GSU Prof and Student in Discrimination Case
Former middle east institute director and arabic instructor challenge GSU in federal court All For Wearing a Hijab
Islam Case Still Simmers (Inside Higher Ed)
Warren et al. v. Fulton County (Representing County Manager and Investigator Terminated for Disclosing Fraud, Waste, and Abuse)
WSB Coverage of Fulton County Whistleblower Lawsuit
AJC investigation: Employee under investigation, commissioner went to conference
Grantham et al. v. City of Lakeland (Representing former Chiefs of Police fired after refusing to arrest Mayor's political opponents)
Local coverage of Lakeland whistleblower lawsuit
Representing Public Servants
Coverage of Macon Firefighter Disciplinary Appeals (Video)
Former Superior Court clerk receives $75,000 settlement WSB Coverage of Dekalb County Clerk Litigation (Debra Deberry v. Linda Carter) (Video)
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I am a lawyer and a founding member of Radford & Keebaugh, LLC, based in Decatur, Georgia. My practice focuses on civil rights and employment litigation. You can read more about me here.
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If you are seeking legal representation, please visit my law firm at DecaturLegal.com or complete one of the questionnaires below. I review each and every submission I receive.


text: The Darth Maul wiki last edited by i_like_swords on 05/07/14 09:14AM View full history OriginDarth Maul recruited by Darth SidouisMaul was a Nightbrother of Darthomir, who was taken by the Sith Lord Darth Sidious when he was a baby. The tattoos in his skin were the markings of a warrior amongst the Nightbrother clan. He has two brothers named Savage and Feral, one of which he would later meet in his adulthood.Maul from his early years has trained in the ways of the dark side. He does not have any memories of his home world of Iridonia or of his birth family. He is incapable of normal emotion, only experiencing blood lust and rage.During his training, any show of fear was severely punished by Sidious. Also, if he even hinted at the thought of mercy he would be treated with cruelty. By the time Maul reached adolescence, his master forged him into a weapon of pure hatred. Marked by Sith tattoos that cover his entire body, Maul is the ultimate tool of the dark side. Despite this rather traumatic childhood, Maul adores his Master, and has never once contemplated killing him.Sidious abandoned Maul on an isolated Outer Rim world, forcing him to survive alone while being hunted by hordes of assassin droids. After a month's time, his master returned and challenged him to a duel, one which the already severely weakened Maul quickly loses. Sidious then tells Maul that he has failed and is soon to be replaced. Overwhelmed by hatred, Maul nearly defeats his master. When Maul's emotions are finally spent, he prepares to die, yet his master laughs instead. By wanting to kill his own master, Maul has, in fact, passed the final test. His master proclaims him Darth Maul, Dark Lord of the Sith, and gives him a new home on Coruscant.Major Story ArcsBlack SunAfter becoming a Sith Lord, Maul completed numerous covert missions and assassinations for his Master, Darth Sidious. One of the most infamous of these was when Maul single-handedly took on the galaxy-spanning crime syndicate known as The Black Sun.Piloting his Sith Infiltrator ship, Maul began travelling from system to system, tearing the Black Sun apart from the inside, killing numerous second-in-command Black Sun Vigos and leaving nothing but destruction in his wake. He easily infiltrated their bases, slaughtered their security forces (which included Force users) and assassinated their leaders.After throwing the organization into complete disarray, he targeted their main stronghold, which housed the Black Sun's leader Alexi Garyn. Maul slaughtered the entire Black Sun security Force. He then went on to kill seven of the galaxy's most deadly mercenaries in less time than it takes to say it. A telepath among the Black Sun's ranks attempted to probe Maul's thoughts in an attempt to find out who he was and why he was attacking the Black Sun, but due to the magnitude of darkness lingering in Maul's mind, the telepath fell into a coma almost immediately.Alexi Garyn's last line of defence was a Dathomirian Nightsister named Mighella. Despite her skill in the Dark Side she proved to be no match for the Sith Lord, and was defeated even after attempting to destroy Maul with Force Lightning.Maul caught up with Garyn soon after, and after a brief conversation followed by an attempt at resistance on Garyn's part, Maul choked him to death with his bare hands. He returned to Sidious, his mission complete.LockdownMaul was next assigned a mission by his Master to hunt down an infamous black market weapons dealer named Iram Radique, who was believed to be operating inside the prison colony Cog Hive Seven. Maul successfully infiltrated the prison under the fake persona of a mercenary called Jagganath.Maul soon discovered that Cog Hive Seven was not just a prison. It also hosted gladiatorial bouts between inmates as well as various fierce and famous predatory creatures from around the galaxy. He was subsequently thrown into such match ups where despite vastly unfavourable circumstances, he was able to defeat all of his opponents, inmates and creatures alike.These death matches were a part of an underground gambling operation, which the prison's Warden Sadiki Blirr made millions of credits of profit from due to an algorithm created by her brother, that would predict the outcome of every match with a 100% success rate, allowing her to set odds on contestants that would yield the most profit.While inside Cog Hive Seven, Maul soon discovered that his real objective was to buy a nuclear weapon from Radique, who had secretly been doing his black weapon weapons manufacturing in Cog Hive Seven itself under the nose of Blirr. He would then sell this weapon to the Bando Gora, which, due to the fact Radique hates the Banda Gora, made it all the more difficult to do so.Meanwhile, during Maul's investiagations, Blirr found out that a Hutt had assigned a security force which had infiltrated her guards to protect Radique. After losing her brother, the prisoners escaping and a mass riot ensuing throughout the prison, she detonates the prison's self-destruct sequence.As this is happening the Banda Gora arrive, with their leader Komari Vosa. Radique is killed by an inmate assisting Maul, and Maul has a brief fight with Vosa in which he gets the upper hand. Soon realizing that their goal is a common one, they team up to defeat the Syrox, a massive worm that had killed Blirr as well as many inmates and guards. They are then able to escape from the soon-exploding prison ship, Maul's mission complete to a suitable enough standard for his Master all circumstances considered.The Phantom MenaceAfter landing on Naboo he came in contact with two Jedi and the Queen of Naboo. Maul went straight at the two Jedi, ignoring the queen and allowing her to escape. In a vicious duel Maul fended off both of his Jedi opponents with the help of his double-bladed lightsaber. After separating the Jedi Master from his Padawan, Maul finally succeeded in slaying Jinn. He then challenged Kenobi. The young Padawan, enraged at his master's death, struck out at Maul with a furious assault. Maul eventually Force-pushed Kenobi into a pit. He then taunted the Padawan, who dangled helplessly by a ledge, watching his lightsaber fall down into the abyss. However, Kenobi instantly calmed down and connected with the Force. He makes a spectacular leap out of the shaft and Force-guides Jinn's lightsaber into his own hands. Wasting no time in striking as he landed from his jump, Kenobi cuts the astounded Maul in two before he can react. Maul barely has time to grimace as his body tumbles down the shaft in two pieces.Return and RevengeMaul survived his near death and managed to end up on the junk planet of Lotho Minor in the Outer Rim. With the power of the Force, he turned himself into a cyborg with an arachnid-like lower half, and managed to survive for over a decade. During the following years Maul's mind sank into a insanity until he was found by his brother, Savage Opress. Brought back to Dathomir, Savage brings to Mother Talzin, who purges of his mind of madness and is given a new pair of robotic legs crafted by Talzin's magic. With his mind restored, Maul learns from his brother that the Clone Wars have started without him. Then, with the help of Opress, proceeds to extract revenge on Obi-Wan by luring him to a trap. Due to an unexpected appearance by Asajj Ventress Kenobi manages to escape. But realizing that the Jedi are now aware of his return, Maul and his brother decide remain in hiding all while secretly plotting their revenge.Death SentenceDarth Maul and his brother Savage Opress hide out on the planet Paklan when they are attacked by bounty hunters. They brutally take down their assailants and force a name from their leader, Ja'Boag. Ja'Boag runs a mining operation on the plant Moorjhone. The brothers arrive on the planet and scope out Ja'Boag's security detail. Maul commands one of the soldiers to walk back to his unit with a thermal detonator. Maul and Opress tear through the soldiers and toss Ja'Boag into the mine. He is saved by three Jedi who have come to stop Darth Maul. Salmara attempts to negotiate with Maul but fails as Judd steps in to battle the brothers. A barrel containing carbonite is thrown at Opress who unknowingly slices it in half, encasing himself with its contents. Enraged over his brothers demise, Maul breaks Judd's arm with his foot claw and is about to finish him when the Padwan Dray stabs him in the side. Maul slices off Drray's hands and escapes into the desert. He wanders until he passes out but is found and saved by the planets native inhabitants. They believe Darth Maul will be their saviour.Rise and FallDarth Maul and Savage later decide to form their own army to challenge the Republic and the Separatists by aligning with several pirates and later the Mandalorian Death Watch. With the aid of Pre Vizla, Maul and Savage succeed in conquering Mandalore and overthrowing the Duchess Satine. Maul would later defeat Pre Vizla in combat and become both the new leader of the Death Watch criminal empire. He would also enact is revenge on Obi-Wan Kenobi by murdering Satine right in front of Kenobi to make him suffer. Eventually his actions would catch the attention of his former master, Darth Sidious.As a small militia of the Death Watch (which included Kenobi and Satine's sister, Bo Katan) were starting to overthrow Maul's rule, Darth Sidious arrived amongst the skirmish to confront his former apprentice. Maul immediately requested to return to his side, but Sidious refused, seeing that Maul had his brother have become a rival and the potential threat to his plans. Maul and Savage battles Sidious with all their skill but they prove to be no match as the Sith Lord kills Savage and subdues Maul. Defeated, Maul begs for mercy which Sidious accepts, believing that he may be of use to him...Facing VaderDuring the time of the Galactic Empire Maul returned, resurrected by the prophets of the darkside to prove that Maul was a better candidate for the Emperor than Vader. The prophets brought Maul back to destroy Darth Vader because they had doubts about his true feelings, accusing him of not being a true Sith. Maul's attack against Vader was a failure as Maul underestimated Vader's true power. Vader showed his hatred towards himself by stabbing through his own body to kill Darth Maul. SkillsLightsaber and Martial Arts MasteryDarth Maul was trained as an assassin, rather than a true Sith apprentice, by Dark Lord of the Sith Darth Sidious. As a result his training was particularly focused on physical combat, and did not include traditional Sith techniques such as Force lightning or Dun Möch. Maul's combat training was instead supplemented by a heavy focus on physical combat. He became a master of the seventh lightsaber form Juyo. Juyo was a form that allowed the user to harness their most volatile emotions into powerful, aggressive strikes intended to overwhelm an opponents defence and unbalance them. Because of this, the teaching of this form was banned by the Jedi order, as it opened doors to the dark side. Needless to say, Maul was able to maximize the effectiveness of Juyo by channelling his inner darkness, anger and hatred into the form, which, coupled with Maul's astonishing physical strength, and blinding speed, made him an overwhelmingly powerful opponent for even the strongest or most experienced Jedi.Darth Maul formerly wielded a Saberstaff, or double-bladed lightsaber, which he crafted personally after his Sith Lord trials using four red synthetic focusing crystals. In order to use such a weapon the user had to be a true master combatant, and was required to be in perfect attunement with their blade, otherwise they had as much chance of cutting themselves in half as their opponent. Maul no doubt fit this description, as he knew his weapon intimately. The hilt was specifically fitted and weighted to his personal preference. He wielded it with true mastery. He would often only ignite one of the blades when facing a single opponent, but when faced with multiple opponents, ignited both blades. Sometimes, however, he ignited both blades purely to confuse opponents who were not familiar with the weapon's archaic design.As a direct replacement for Dun Moch, Maul became a master practitioner of Teräs Käsi. Teräs Käsi was an unarmed combat form originally designed by non-force sensitives in order for them to effectively combat Jedi. It's techniques are based on the movements and attacks of various predatory creatures from around the galaxy, such as Rancor Rising, Charging Wampa and Riding Bantha. As a result of Maul's mastery of Teras Kasi, he was able to constantly chain devastating leg, elbow and even head-horn strikes into his lightsaber combat, occasionally killing opponents on impact. Teras Kasi also allowed the practitioner to have full control over their body, which allowed Maul to adjust his body position during falls of up to 30 meters in order to dodge otherwise fatal obstacles. Maul had also mastered numerous other physical martial arts at around the age of thirteen during his training at Orsis Academy.Maul had also mastered the dual blade sword technique Jar'Kai, and became adept in the sixth lightsaber form, Niman. He demonstrated this knowledge during his lightsaber duel against his former master, Darth Sidious, on Mandalore.Maul showed proficiency in Dun Moch despite never being formally trained in the traditional Sith martial art. He used it against Obi-Wan Kenobi in their first duel since his return from his apparent death, allowing him to unbalance the Jedi and force him to retreat.Maul at the age of three knew how to pinpoint the vulnerabilities of nearly every native species on Mustafar.Force PowersMaul became a powerful and well refined telekinetic after his return from Lotho Minor, and was stated as being more powerful in the Force than ever before. He is able to perform astonishing telekinetic feats such as collapsing massive amounts of debris from a cliff face, and blowing away a large company of soldiers with the aid of his brother, Savage. He was also able to carry out less destructive but far more intricate telekinetic manoeuvres, such as engineering the heart attack of an elderly man, and crushing his heart from the inside. Maul has also shown the ability to use telekinesis in order to perform supernatural feats of engineering, such as carrying out the equivalent of a mind trick on a droid, and constructing fully functioning spider-like legs for himself in seconds using various junked droid parts.Maul was very proficient in the technique Force Choke, which he utilized numerous times against non-force sensitives as well as force sensitives, such as Obi-Wan Kenobi, with relative ease. He also showed great accuracy with the technique Saber Throw.Maul has demonstrated an exceptionally advanced knowledge in mind tricks, being able to whisper commands into a soldier's ear, forcing him to walk up to his fellow soldier's and detonate a thermal detonator, killing himself and everyone around him. Maul has also used mind tricks in order to force people to lose interest in him, making him essentially invisible to the weak minded.Projectile WeaponryMaul, during his training at the Orsis Academy as well as with Sidious, learned how to use ranged weapons such as blasters and throwing knives with extraordinary accuracy, being able to hit targets blindfolded with ease, and having to deliberately miss during certain training exercises in order to avoid giving up his hidden identity as a Sith.AcrobaticsMaul was trained to be a superb acrobat from as young as three years old. When he was this young he was already capable of running along walls, and was trained to run up walls and do somersaults. Soon he managed to master this exercise. He was further trained in advanced acrobatics on a variety of different planets with gravitational fields ranging from half, to twice as much as Maul was accustomed to on Coruscant normally. Nearer the end of his formal training he was capable of pulling off a triple backward flip, and willingly jumped fifty-five meters from a cruiser into the ocean. He also constantly chained acrobatic kicks into his fights.StealthBecause of the Sith Grand Plan, Maul had to be trained in the arts of stealth and espionage, to uphold the secrecy of the Sith's return from the Jedi. Maul was no doubt a master in these fields. He was able to move noiselessly as he assassinated opponents, and used the Force to cloak himself invisible in order to bypass enemies he could not afford to engage.Computer HackingMaul was trained in advanced computer hacking, which has allowed him to access otherwise restricted files and databases on computers, on numerous occasions.Other MediaFilmStar Wars Episode I: The Phantom MenaceDarth Maul made his first appearance Star Wars: TPM in 1999 and was played by Scottish Martial Artist and Stunt-Man Ray Park. His voice was provided by Peter Serafinowicz.TelevisionStar Wars: The Clone WarsMaul is set to make his debut appearance in The Clone Wars in the 4-part series finale he'll be voiced by Sam Witwer. Maul appearance will also be his first cannon appearance since his death in The Phantom Menace.Video GamesLego Star Wars 1Lego Star Wars: The Complete SagaDarth Maul appears as a boss, and can be unlocked as a playable character.Lego Star Wars 3: The Clone WarsDarth Maul appears as a playable character.Star Wars: The Force UnleashedGalen Marek's training droid (Proxy) took on the appearance and fighting style of Darth Maul when fighting on Raxus Prime.A Darth Maul "Skin" is also available for download as part of the "Jedi Temple" DLC pack.


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December 1, 2011
For further information regarding
the topic discussed in this update, please contact one of the professionals below, or the attorney or public
policy advisor with whom you regularly work.
Hendrik Bossaert
Nicolas Croquet
Nora Wouters
I. Introduction
The purpose of this client alert is to unfold the main legal and economic implications for enforcing the aviation provisions of the Emissions Trading Scheme Directive ('ETS Directive')1 to airlines established outside of the European Economic Area ('EEA') and in particular in the US. The European Union ('EU') has decided to be proactive in establishing a cap-and-trade system that is tailored to the aviation sector absent any consensus in the international community. A lawsuit is now ongoing before the High Court of England and Wales ('High Court') and, by extension, the Court of Justice of the EU ('CJEU'). Although the Advocate General assigned to the preliminary ruling case has already pronounced in favor of the legality of the EU ETS aviation provisions, it remains to be seen whether the CJEU itself will follow her legal reasoning and decide that this scheme in no way is extra-territorial and fully complies with relevant rules of public international law. A major economic consideration will be whether airlines will be able to pass over the increased compliance costs onto final consumers without causing a significant shift in demand for airlines tickets. The civil aviation sector represents about 10% of the GHG emissions falling within the scope of the ETS, which implies that around 4000 aircraft operators either taking off from or landing in the EU will be affected by it.2
II. Overview of the ETS Regime
The ETS Directive, which establishes a Greenhouse Gas ('GHG') Emissions Trading Scheme ('EU ETS') for the EEA (i.e., the 27 EU Member States plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein), represents a central instrument for reaching EU's 20% GHGs reduction target. The Directive, as last amended in 2009,3 sets auctioning (via a common platform or certain Member States' individual platforms) as the principal method of allocating emissions allowances4 in the third trading period (2013-2020),5 subject to certain transitional regimes, thus replacing free allocation of emissions allowances generally followed in the first (2005-2007) and second (2008-2012) trading periods. Only those activities designated in the Annex I to the ETS Directive are subject to EU ETS. Most of these activities release only carbon dioxide but some of them, in addition, also release nitrous oxide (i.e., production of nitric acid; production of adipic acid; and production of glyoxal and glyoxylic acid) or perfluorocarbons (i.e., production of primary aluminium).
III. Impact of the Revised ETS Directive Upon the Aviation Sector
Aviation-specific Rules
Aircraft operators enjoy a special regulatory treatment under the EU ETS as a result of the entry into force of Directive 2008/101/EC amending the original ETS Directive.6 Their subjection to the ETS will become effective as of 1 January 2012.7
These operators are covered by the EU ETS only to the extent that their aircrafts take off from or land on an EEA-based airport, regardless of their place of establishment.8 Calculation of the number of GHGs emissions released by aircraft operators will be based on the entire journey to or from an EEA airport, and not just on the distance travelled by the aircraft over the EEA territory.
The civil aviation sector shall be allocated allowances corresponding to 97% of its historical emissions between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2012, 15% of which shall be auctioned and 85% of which distributed for free.9 From 1 January 2013 and for 8 years thereafter, the civil aviation sector shall be allocated a quantity of allowances corresponding to 95% of its historical emissions to be multiplied by the number of years that have run within the period,10 15% of which are to be auctioned, 82% of which are to be distributed for free and 3% of which are to be placed in a special reserve for new entrants and fast growing airlines.11 The historical aviation emissions have been set at: 219,476,343 tons of CO2.12 Member States are to invest the proceeds of the auctioning revenue in climate change initiatives in the EU and in third countries, in particular in projects designed to reduce GHG emissions.13
It will be up to the Member States to formally allocate free allowances to aircraft operators by multiplying technical benchmarks by the operators' respective 2010 tonne-kilometre data. In its Decision of 26 September 2011, the European Commission agreed on 0,00068 allowances per tonne-kilometre as the 2012 benchmark for determining free emissions allowances for aircraft operators. The benchmark for the period between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2020 was set to be 0,00064 allowances per tonne-kilometre.14
The rationale behind the scheme is that, having been allocated a certain number of emissions allowances for free, aircraft operators have to surrender a number of allowances to the national competent authority which correspond to the level of their emissions. Should they estimate that the allowances granted to them for free are not sufficient to cover the total number of allowances they need to surrender to the national competent authority, they have the option between purchasing new allowances on the market (e.g., from other trading sectors) and reducing their level of emissions by investing in energy-efficient or green technologies.
Exemption for the Defense Industry
The ETS Directive provides for a number of exemptions from its scheme (e.g., customs and police flights, search and rescue flights, humanitarian flights, emergency medical service flights, etc..). Of particular significance is the Directive's exclusion of military flights from its scope provided that they are performed by military aircrafts, and "are directly related to the conduct of military activities".15 However, such exemption does not extend to military flights performed by civil registered aircrafts or to civil flights performed by military aircrafts.16 As a result, defence ministries worldwide will have to rethink their cargo flights when performed by civil registered aircrafts to and/or from an EEA-based airport (which may typically happen in case of a refuel). As a consequence of the enforcement of the ETS to the aviation sector, those civil registered aircrafts may consider refueling or establishing a logistic hub outside of the EEA in order to remain competitive in the context of their involvement in a defense procurement process.
Extra-Territoriality Objection
In the context of national litigation involving on the one hand The Air Transport Association of America, American Airlines, Continental Airlines and United Airlines (the claimants) and, on the other, the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change (the defendant) before the High Court, the validity of the EU ETS aviation provisions was questioned to the extent that they regulate air activities carried out outside of the EEA. The High Court referred the invalidity question to the CJEU for a preliminary ruling.17 The claimants argue that such provisions produce an extra-territorial effect that is contrary not only to international customary law (e.g., principle of national sovereignty, and freedom to fly over the high seas) but also to international agreements (e.g., Chicago Convention, Open Skies Agreement, and the Kyoto Protocol). They also claim that such a GHGs reduction scheme ought to have been decided upon through the conclusion of a global agreement rather than a unilateral act by the EU.
On October 6, 2011, the CJEU's Advocate General (Mrs. Kokott) delivered her (non-binding) legal opinion on the admissibility and merits of the preliminary ruling request.18 In a first stage, (i) she ascertained whether the EU was bound by the international treaties and customary law principles invoked by the claimants and, where this was the case, (ii) she assessed whether the nature and the broad logic of the international treaties and/or customary law principles are susceptible of conferring individual rights and, where this was the case, (iii) she determined whether the content of the invoked provisions is unconditional and sufficiently precise. According to Advocate General Kokott, amongst all international law rules referred to by the claimants, only Article 7 and the second sentence of Article 15(3) of the EU-US Open Skies Agreement satisfy all three conditions and could thus be directly relied upon by the claimants as a superior norms for reviewing the validity of the challenged EU act (i.e., the ETS Directive's aviation provisions). On the merits, the Advocate General concluded that both provisions did not affect the validity of the ETS Directive. Responding to the allegation that the EU institutions breached Article 15(3) of the EU-US Open Skies Agreement, the Advocate General posited that the EU ETS does not amount to "charges for the arrival or departure of aircrafts". Even if international customary law were directly applicable in the EU legal system, the EU ETS aviation provisions would still not be deemed extra-territorial and in breach of public international law: it is not uncommon for a State or even an international organization to account for extraneous factors in the exercise of its sovereignty or functional competence, even when these factors are localized over the high sea or in third country. This is precisely the case when a State adopts the principle of universality of income for calculating a person's tax basis. Considering the entire length of the flight for the purpose of applying the EU ETS to all airlines departing from or landing at an EEA-based airport would only reflect the proportionality and 'polluter pays' principles according to Mrs. Kokott.
Reactions and Possible Counter-Measures
On September 30, 2011, that is one week before Advocate General's opinion was published, 21 countries (e.g., USA, Canada, Brazil, Peru, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Russia, China, Singapore and Thailand) issued a joint declaration by which they objected to the applicability of EU ETS to non-EEA aircraft operators on the ground that the Directive's aviation provisions would be contrary to the Chicago Convention and to WTO rules, amongst others.19 On November 2, 2011, the International Civil Aviation Organization ('ICAO') Governing Council adopted a working paper strongly inviting the EU to exclude non-EU aircraft operators from the scope of the EU ETS.20 As a result of ICAO's positioning and in light of the CJEU's future judgment, there is the danger that EU governments will be torn between two irreconcilable interpretations of the Chicago Convention.
Meanwhile, unilateral actions by individual countries are taking place. China, for instance, has recently blocked the order of 10 Airbus superjumbo aircrafts which were intended for Hong Kong Airlines.21 In addition, the US House of Representatives approved a bill to prohibit US air carriers from complying with the ETS Directive,22 claiming that its provisions on airlines are inconsistent with well established international law and practice, and directly infringe upon US' national sovereignty. This Bill is now to be examined by the Senate.
Economic Consequences for the Aviation Industry
The implementation of the ETS Directive, as it currently stands, will clearly result in considerable extra costs for all civil (incl. cargo) airlines flying from or to an EEA airport, some of them claiming that the total compliance costs would rise up to several hundred millions Euro. However, studies have pointed to different impact assessments. According to a European Commission's study, the impact on the aviation sector would be modest, contingent upon the number of competitors on each route, efficiency levels (including fuel hedging strategies) and the types of customers catered for. All or at least a significant proportion of the ETS costs could indeed be passed on to customers with a slight influence over prospective demand.23 Other studies, by contrast, have contested the European Commission's assumptions, and stated instead that such a transfer of costs to customers would not exceed one third of the extra allowance costs.24
As a result, in order to prevent any financial penalties (the excess emissions penalty shall be 100 Euro for each tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent emitted for which the aircraft operator has not surrendered allowances and the amount of exceeded allowances shall be deducted from the airline's allocated allowances for the following calendar year)25 or even an operating ban throughout the EEA,26 airlines may have to rethink the use of their fleet: only the most fuel efficient aircrafts may have to be used to fly to or from any EEA airport. In addition, aircraft operators may consider exploiting a hub located in the vicinity of but technically outside of the EEA zone, from where short-haul flights requiring less fuel are run towards various EEA final destinations.27 Such hub relocation would however also generate serious costs (e.g., traffic rights, slots acquisition) and cause serious inconvenience for consumers: the combination of stopover flights would, in certain cases, release higher carbon emissions than direct flights, and not every air passenger would necessarily be willing to make a stopover outside of the EEA in the face of available direct flights.
IV. Conclusion
In light of the Advocate General's legal opinion, two categories of situations need to be envisaged in order to better assess litigation prospects. First, let us assume that the CJEU will adopt a position radically opposite to that expressed by the Advocate General and thus find the ETS aviation provisions to be invalid (a scenario which is highly speculative albeit not inconceivable). In this case, the challenged provisions would be merely discarded for the purpose of the national dispute before the High Court: they would not be annulled in the sense of being retroactively removed from the text of the Directive. This is because the invalidity judgment would have been delivered as a result of a preliminary ruling request and not of an annulment action.28 Having said that, national courts in future cases could in practice rely on such invalidity judgment to refuse to refer a new preliminary ruling request to the CJEU and thus to declare themselves these provisions invalid for the purpose of their own litigation.29 One CJEU invalidity judgment could de facto have a precedential effect on the domestic courts of various Member States provided that the EU legal issue at stake before them is identical to that adjudicated upon by the CJEU. This hypothetical situation, in the medium run, could urge the EU institutions to amend Directive 2003/87/EC in the face of widespread inapplicability of its ETS aviation provisions to parties involved in national disputes. If we assume by contrast that the CJEU will endorse Advocate General's legal opinion, the ETS aviation provisions would remain applicable in all Member States, and no national court would be in a position to find them invalid.30 Of course, aircraft operators would not be prevented from formally challenging the ETS aviation provisions again in any Member State's court, in which case the domestic court would enjoy discretion as to whether to refer the preliminary ruling request to the CJEU (unless it adjudicates in last resort, in which case it would have to refer).31 The CJEU in the face of a new challenge to the validity of the ETS aviation provisions could deliver a succinct judgment merely referring back to the substance of its first judgment or (less likely in practice) reconsider the legal issue on the basis of new developments under EU and/or international law.
The main long term solution to address the difficulties raised by the high costs of releasing carbon emissions would be for aerospace companies to invest in green and energy-efficient technologies. Several of them have already emphasized the importance of research and development in low fuel-consuming airplanes.
The adoption of an agreement at a global level is preferable to a unilateral EU-tailored cap-and-trade regime so as to avoid the imposition of any countermeasures by third States and the creation of distortions of competition between those aircraft operators which operate via an EEA-based airport and those which do not. EU's proactive ETS regime can of course have the effect of encouraging other States to adopt a tax or a national cap-and-trade system with a view to reducing carbon emissions released by commercial aircraft operators in the atmosphere, which is a good thing in and of itself. However, the risk is that non-EEA-based aircraft operators find themselves subject to two different legal regimes for the same international flight, which would make them less competitive than EEA-based aircraft operators.
1Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC, 2003 OJ L 275/32, available here.
2Commission Press Release, Brussels 7 March 2011 IP/11/259, available here.
3Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community, 2009 OJ L 140/63.
4One allowance entitles its holder to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent for a specific period.
5A minimum of 50% emissions allowances are estimated to be traded on the ETS as of 2013.
6Directive 2008/101/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to include aviation activities in the scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community, 2009 OJ L 8/3, available here.
7Annex I of the ETS Directive, point 6.
8 Ibid.
9ETS Directive, Article 3c(1).
10ETS Directive, Article 3c(2).
11ETS Directive, Article 3d(1)-(2).
12The historical aviation emissions have been set at: 219,476,343 tonnes of CO2. See Commission Decision (2011/149/EU) of 7 March 2011 on historical aviation emissions pursuant to Article 3c(4) of Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community 2011 OJ L 61/42 available here.
13Article 3d(4) of the ETS Directive.
14Commission Decision of 26 September 2011 on benchmarks to allocate greenhouse gas emission allowances free of charge to aircraft operators pursuant to Article 3e of Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, 2011 OJ L 252/20, Article 1.
15ETS Directive, Annex I.
16Commission Decision of 8 June 2009 on the detailed interpretation of the aviation activities listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, 2009 OJ L 149/69, available here.
17Case C-366/10, The Queen on the application of (1) the Air Transport Association of America, Inc.; (2) American Airlines; (3) Continental Airlines, Inc.; (4) United Airlines v. The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change.
18Available here.
19Press Information Bureau Government of India (Ministry of Civil Aviation), "International meeting of ICAO Council and Non-EU Member States on Inclusion of Aviation in EU-ETS held", September 30, 2011, available here.
20Available here.
21P. Clark, "China blocks billion-dollar Airbus order", Financial Times June 24, 2011.
22Available here.
23Commission Staff Working Document SEC 2006/1684 dated December 20, 2006, Accompanying document to the Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to include aviation activities in the scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community - Impact Assessment of the inclusion of aviation activities in the scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community, page 30-31.
24For example: Ernst & Young, 2007. "Analysis of the EC Proposal to Include Aviation Activities in the Emissions Trading Scheme," Executive Summary, Ernst & Young, New York (2007), 5.
25ETS Directive, Article 16(3).
26ETS Directive, Article 16(5).
27Lufthansa for example has raised the idea of partially relocating its hub operations from Frankfurt and Munich to Zurich, which is still located in the heart of Europe, but outside the EEA.
28Contrast Article 267 with Article 263 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
29For a supporting authority, see Case 66/80 International Chemical Corporation v. Amministrazione delle Finanze dello Stato [1981] ECR 1191, para. 13-15.
30As a general rule, the EU Courts have the monopoly to declare EU acts invalid on the ground that they are in breach of a superior rule of EU law: Case 314/85 Firma Foto-Frost v. Hauptzollamt Lubeck-Ost [1987] ECR 4199, para. 13-20.
31Article 267 TFEU.
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Oct. 4, 2007
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WORCESTER, Mass. - Holy Cross athletic director Richard M. Regan, Jr., and head men's basketball coach Ralph Willard have announced the Crusaders' schedule for the 2007-2008 season, which is slated to begin on November 10. The Crusaders will play a number of tough non-conference games, including a home contest in the O'Reilly ESPNU BracketBusters. The home schedule will include a total of 13 games at the Hart Center this year, plus a contest at the DCU Center against Dayton.
"Our non-conference schedule is extremely challenging, with numerous games against quality opponents," said Willard. "The Patriot League is going to be very competitive from top to bottom this year. Our non-conference schedule should help prepare us for the challenges we will face in league play."
The Crusaders begin the season with their home opener against Hofstra (Nov. 10), followed by a contest at Fairfield (Nov. 13). Holy Cross will then travel to Hampton (Nov. 17), after which it will play three straight games at the Hart Center against Harvard (Nov. 20), Ohio University (Nov. 26) and Yale (Nov. 28) The Crusaders stay in Worcester to face Dayton at the DCU Center (Dec. 1), before hitting the road for contests against St. Joseph's (Dec. 4), Siena (Dec. 22) and Sacred Heart (Dec. 30).
Holy Cross begins the new calendar year at home against Boston University (Jan. 2), before heading to San Francisco (Jan. 5), Maryland (Jan. 8) and Lafayette (Jan. 12 for the Patriot League opener). The Crusaders then play three straight conference games at home, taking on Army (Jan. 16), Bucknell (Jan. 18) and Navy (Jan. 23) at the Hart Center. Following trips to American (Jan. 26) and Colgate (Jan. 30), Holy Cross once again plays three in a row at home, against Lehigh (Feb. 2), American (Feb. 6) and Lafayette (Feb. 9).
The Crusaders will next play three straight conference road games at Army (Feb. 13), Bucknell (Feb. 16) and Navy (Feb. 20), before returning home for the ESPNU BracketBusters (Feb. 23). Holy Cross will then play its final home game of the regular season against Colgate (Feb. 27) before closing out the year at Lehigh (Feb. 29). All games in the 2008 Patriot League Tournament will take place on the campus of the higher seeded team, with quarterfinal games on March 5, the semifinal round on March 9, and the championship game on March 14.
There is still a possibility the Crusaders could add one more non-conference road game to their schedule.
Holy Cross is coming off a 2006-2007 season in which it posted an overall record of 25-9, won the Patriot League regular season and tournament titles, and advanced to the NCAA Tournament for the fourth time in the last seven years.


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Thanks to Prosper Lending Review for hosting P2P lending carnival number four. I entered carnivals one and two, but managed to miss number three.
For carnival number four, I entered my post: What were the early Prosper lenders thinking? I decided to select this post because of the interesting Prosper Marketplace history that came out in the comments, so thanks to everyone who commented.
By far, the most useful post of the P2P lending carnival was the one on Prosper Taxes by RateLadder.
DoughRoller had an interesting post on p2p interest rates. That one is very similar to one that I have in draft mode right now, but not so similar that my post will not be different.
I think that this was the first carnival post about Virgin Money which I have mentioned a few times including blogging about the lauch "Go Fund Yourslef!"
There were many other interesting articles and they can all be found at the p2p lending carnival host's post.


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Modified Mustangs & FordsFeatured Vehicles
1983 Ford Mustang GT - Reagan Rounder
With A Few Carefully Chosen Mods, An '83 Mustang GT Mixes It Up With The Best Of Them On Both Street And Track
Of course, if any track-time was planned, something clearly needed to be done about the brakes. "It still had the 10-inch front rotors and factory rear drums on it. I managed to get my hands on Ford Racing's M-2300 Cobra brake kit with 13-inch front rotors and installed that along with the 10.25-inch rear discs," he says.
Of course, that required changing the spindles and now that the car had five-lug hubs, new wheels and tires were needed. A set of '96 17-inch Cobra wheels and Riken performance tires were ultimately selected. You can judge for yourself from the pictures, but we think these powdercoated wheels with the dark painted inserts really look at home on this car.
Engine mods run to a boring on the original '83 block, out to 306 cubes, TRW rods, Forged Diamond 9.5:1 compression pistons, an Edelbrock Air Gap intake, a Barry Grant Demon 750 carburetor, Comp Cams roller grind, and a pair of E7 iron cylinder heads prepped by Ronnie Wilson at Mustang Specialities. There's also a K&N air-filter assembly, MSD 6AL ignition control box with a tachometer adapter, Blaster coil, Steeda plug wires, plus a thunderous exhaust system that includes Hooker long-tube headers and a Dynomax after-cat. "I really have to extend a big thank you to Paul Riccio at Razor's Edge Motorsports for putting the engine together. Paul did an excellent job and is truly a great guy. I tell ya, this guy is a wiz, particularly when it comes to carburetors."
The GT now runs a Tremec 3550 five-speed gearbox with a Steeda Tri-Ax shifter, but interestingly still has a 7.5-inch rearend and 2.73 gears, though an Auburn posi has been added. Some may wonder at the decision to stick with the 7.5 and tall final-drive cogs, but for road racing, it works out just fine, helping Mike to save a bit of fuel on the street, a worthy goal, particularly at present.
Original Paint
The Mustang still wears its original Oxford White paint, center black hood stripe treatment, and factory-applied decals. "I've really tried to keep the interior and body as original as I can," Mike says. "I wanted to upgrade the instruments, so I carefully removed the stock cluster, found a replacement on eBay, and modified it to incorporate a set of Autometer gauges."
It's this kind of careful attention that really sets the car apart. "There are plenty of flashier, more powerful Mustangs out there, but I find it quite interesting when I take the car to work and park it in front of the shop," Mike says. "The '83 seems to get more stares than anything-even the younger guys are into it. I think it's the fact that the car looks tough and that you just don't see many around anymore. Plus, the guys who were into those cars when they were young now finally have the money to buy them and are starting to look for the survivors."
When asked about selling his '83, Mike replies, "Well, you're probably out of luck as it looks like it'll be staying in the family. My daughter, Grace, loves to sit in the driver seat and listen to the radio. She loves the car and the best part is that she's only 4 years old!" Yup, this is one car that doesn't appear to be going anywhere anytime soon.


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This drink is only popular in the south of Brazil, especially in Rio Grande do Sul. Chimarrão is a sugarless tea made with bitter mate (pronounced "mah-tay", drunk out of gourd. The tradition of drinking chimarrão dates back to the 16th century, when the Spanish and Portuguese colonized Argentina and the south of Brazil.
The Gaúchos (inhabitants of Rio Grande do Sul) place the leaves in the gourd and add warm water of approximately 65 degrees Celsius. The mate is drunk through a metal pipe. In a group setting, people enjoy something that is called a "circle of Chimarrão", where the gourd is passed around for everyone to drink.
Anybody can join to taste the mate, however it isn't proper to leave halfway through the circle, drink only a little or decline a sip. Chimarrão is an excellent cleanser for the body and a great way to stay warm on cold days, common in the south of Brazil.


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This Halloween Season Politics is No Treat.October 29th, 2010 at 6:47 pm by Louisa Strayhorn under Politics
During this Halloween season we don't have to look far to find horror – it is alive and well right here in Virginia Beach. This year's political campaigns have most of us who try to do our civic duty running screaming into our houses, shutting off our TV's and radios and hiding under the covers in an attempt to stop the negative bombardment politicos like to call "communication with the public". Just look at what the campaign wars have uncovered again- disinformation: false information deliberately and often covertly spread misinformation: wrong information which is given to someone deliberately, and downright lies. If you don't believe me, just ask any TV station or newspaper who has a "truth-o-meter" to characterize the political ads by the above designations. You will find plenty of evidence.
However, in my opinion, there is nothing more evil or destructive for our city and our society than the use of race or religion as weapons of mass destruction for they incite hatred and fear, they harm the person who is the target, our city's reputation, and, most of all they harm our children who learn how to treat people from us- the adults who love them. Indeed the outcome of these insidious attacks more often than not is an ongoing societal war waged between the good old boys and those who are different or new, or even worse, a kind of weary acceptance, that indicates nothing can be done to prevent our divided society.
For instance, in the city council campaign for the Princess Anne district friends of the incumbent, Barbara Henley, have decided to attack the challenger, Ms Tanya Bullock, a young attorney who happens to be African American, using disinformation, misinformation and race baiting. Henley's supporters (we don't know if Henley is involved) Misinformed the voters in their negative political piece regarding Tanya Bullocks' background; they used Disinformation when informing voters of Tanya's views on Agricultural Reserve, the Greenline and other environmentally directed programs (Truth-Ms Bullock has praised Ms Henley for her advocacy) and, they downright lied about Oceana not having good relations with the city because "a young Black Attorney" would be on city council. I think most people in this city give the military leaders at Oceana more credit.
Finally, the use of race baiting negative stereotypes by inferring that the district shouldn't be turned over to this "black attorney" who was clever enough to "hook up" with a white "car dealer". First, Ms. Henley and her supporters surely know when people write an angry letter, they don't mention race unless its derogatory; second, being clever enough to "hook up" makes you wonder if we have some insidious racial profiling going on. President Bush was neither the first nor the last to decide that the path to victory lay in picking at the scab of race, in order to make white voters feel afraid, or angry, or resentful as was done with the Willie Horton scandal. And here we are again, with a group of entrepreneurs of racial division — doing all they can to convince whites that their way of life is threatened by dangerous blacks. This is indeed a horror I had hoped Virginia Beach would not invite in to our homes again. I remember well the racial slurs and the death threats I and my campaign workers had to endure when I ran for reelection to city council in 1998. Many people, who were confused by hate mongers, believed the disinformation they fed to voters. I am hoping there are enough voters in Virginia Beach who believe in giving qualified candidates a chance regardless of race, religion or the color of their skin and will have the moral strength to take up the banner in this fight for a Virginia Beach where all citizens are respected. Truthfully, it would be a horror and frightening if in 2010 I am still the only African American woman to have served on Virginia Beach city council.
Tags: Tanya Bullock, virginia beach


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I had some x-rays taken by my dentist yesterday and I glanced nervously at the triangular radiation-caution marking on the device. For the Defense Science Board, a government-run panel composed of military and industry experts, has just issued a report that there are more than 1,000 irradiation machines used in hospitals and research laboratories across the United States that could be used by terrorists as a source of radioactive materials to construct a dirty bomb. "Any one of these 1,000-plus sources could shut down 25 square kilometers, anywhere in the United States, for 40-plus years," the Washington Post quoted from the report yesterday. (Dental x-ray machines do not present a similar problem.)
The Defense Science Board is recommending that the hospital and laboratory radiation devices, typically left unguarded, either be secured or replaced with irradiators that use other less lethal materials. That is an excellent (if costly) idea and an urgent matter. But what about the thousands of such devices that are not in the United States? Is anyone worrying about them?
One country—or set of countries—of particular concern is Russia and the rest of the former USSR. The intelligence community's primary concern with Russia has been the possibility that some of its nuclear weapons will come loose and fall or be sold into terrorist hands. While that danger remains a theoretical possibility, another, more realistic menace has been with us already for a long time.
Way back in 1990, in "Rad Storm Rising," an article I wrote for the Atlantic (which at my request has courteously posted it on the web for all to read for free), I took note of lax practices regarding nuclear materials and nuclear waste across the still extant USSR. In the Siberian city of Novosibirk alone, a radiation map prepared by the authorities indicated 84 separate "radiation anomalies." Fourteen of these had been caused by radioactive ampules from scientific and industrial instrumentation that should have been interred at a radioactive-waste disposal site but, according to the Soviet press, "were mindlessly and recklessly thrown out into streets and yards."
"Even allowing for the Russian penchant for hyperbole," I observed, "the latest revelations in the ever more candid Soviet press make clear that Soviet problems in the area of nuclear pollution and safety continue to be extraordinarily severe."
A decade and a half has elapsed since then. The public-health implications of such carelessness are no longer our primary worry. Terrorism is. Even if the United States can do little about radioactive ampules in faraway lands, the Russian authorities, at least as far as protecting their own territory is concerned, can and must.
Dirty bombs are the most likely approach to an al Qaeda follow-on attack to 9/11. And if terrorists are now actively plotting a dirty bomb attack, my bet is that Moscow, the capital of a land where radioactive materials have been treated with appalling recklessness, is a far more vulnerable target than Washington or New York.


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It may seem counter-intuitive. But if you get hurt chances are pretty good that someone you know is going to be responsible. Here's why it makes sense to make a claim against them: http://myers-company.com/?p=2251
Amicus Curiae: A Seattle legal blog
Personal injury litigation is a "hot button" topic. But coverage is often sensationalistic and usually deals with extreme examples. While interesting, more relevant issues are often ignored. This blog gives them the attention they deserve.


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Watch Janelle Monae Cover Jimi Hendrix's "Little Wing"
Janelle Monae played a truly sexy, sultry cover of Jimi Hendrix's "Little Wing" at her concert last night in Papantla, Mexcio. And despite the fan made hand held phone footage, it's easy to see how wonderfully Monae performed the iconic song, and that you would have had chills coursing down your spine had you seen it live. [CoS]
M83 Is Releasing A Remix EP For Their Track "Reunion"
From Hurry Up, We're Dreaming, M83 will be releasing a seven song EP of remixes of their track "Reunion," including versions by Dale Earnhardt Jr. Jr. and The Naked and The Famous. M83 uber-fans rejoice! [Paste]
Musician's Cover Art Depicts Biggie And Tupac Having Intercourse
In a truly bizarre decision, artist Assad has chosen to use an illustration of Biggie and Tupac engaged in intercourse for the cover of his album. Amongst other things, he said, "In no way am I looking for publicity from this cover. My music speaks for itself. People have the option to look, or not to." Um, OK. If you want to look, be warned: this is strictly NSFW. [Pigeons And Planes]
R. Kelly Is Bringing You More Trapped In The Closet
R. Kelly's cult show Trapped In The Closet is back! R. Kelly has confirmed he'll be producing more chapters with IFC, but it's unclear when they'll come out. [Billboard]