text:
Special Features Index
by Tony Hoshaw
Between 2003 and 2009, Theodore Jennings, Jr. published three works that present plausible and sophisticated counter-heterosexist and counter-homophobic
readings of the Old Testament, the writings of Plato and his interpreters, the Gospels, and Paul's letters: The Man Jesus Loved: Homoerotic Narratives
from the New Testament (2003), Jacob's Wound: Homoerotic Narrative in the Literature of Ancient Israel (2005), and Plato or Paul? The
Origins of Western Homophobia (2009).
These three books constitute an orthodox, biblical, and constructive theological questioning of the homophobic tradition of Christianity, a tradition that Jennings argues fundamentally distorts the meaning of influential biblical texts.
Plato or Paul?
In Plato or Paul? The Origins of Western Homophobia Jennings reiterates what he argued in his first two books, namely that
"the biblical narratives from both the Hebrew Bible and the Gospels accept and affirm same-sex relationships of many kinds," but asks,
"[I]f the Bible is not the true source of Western and Christian homophobia, what then is the source?"
In this work Jennings argues that "the origin of Western homophobia lies not in the biblical traditions of Judaism and Christianity
but instead in the Greek and Hellenistic sources often assumed to have been accepting of same-sex eroticism." "The effective origin of
Western homophobia," Jennings maintains, "is to be found in the very influential texts of Plato."
In fact, Jennings demonstrates that Plato's homophobic project is extended by Plato's interpreters--including Christian interpreters--and
imported into or grafted onto Paul's texts and Christian reflection. If this is the case, then it follows that a certain homophobic agenda
precedes the interpretation of culturally significant texts, for example, biblical texts, and funds a homophobic hermeneutic.
In Plato or Paul? homophobia refers to the social or cultural rejection of same-sex sexual practices rather than to individual
attitudes about persons identified, to use modern terminology, as "homosexuals." In antiquity, not excluding Christian antiquity, males
generally did desire some form of sexual contact with other, especially young and beautiful, males--not because they were homosexuals,
but rather because they were males.
If, as Jennings argues, homophobia is a social construction that results in the outright rejection of same-sex sexual practices,
what sources are important for helping us discern this process?
Jennings develops his argument by tracing a trajectory in Plato's works from affirmation (Charmides, Lysis, Symposium) to
sublimation (Phaedrus and Symposium) to outright rejection (The Laws). Jennings also identifies other Greeks
contemporaneous with Plato and less influential on the development of homophobic polity, but who nonetheless maintained a position similar
to that of Plato.
From here Jennings attempts to account for the spreading influence of Plato's thought by attending to the "socio-political landscape" of Greece.
Having identified Plato's homophobic project in The Laws, Jennings identifies Hellenistic sources from Greece (Plutarch), Italy (Musonius Rufus),
and Africa (Philo) that seem indebted to Plato and further consolidate Plato's homophobic project.
Jennings then wonders in what sense Paul may be associated with Plato's agenda. Christian interpreters of biblical texts, including Paul's letters,
become the focus of the final section; here Jennings demonstrates the importance of Hellenistic sources (roughly contemporaneous with Paul) on the
development of early Christianity's homophobic reinterpretation of Paul's letters and other biblical texts. The reader is left with the clear and
distinct idea that Hellenistic sources made the homophobic appropriation of Paul's letters, especially Romans, possible.
A few features of Jennings's interpretation of Plato's Laws are especially noteworthy. In the Laws, the Athenian takes the place
of Socrates (who "has been banished from this dialogue"), and the subject of same-sex love is taken up in books 1 and 8 (in greater detail). At issue
here (book 1) is the gymnasium, "the privileged site for the incitement of homoerotic desire and attachment." The Athenian argues that these
institutions have "corrupted the pleasures of love."
The Athenian maintains that pleasure according to nature (kata physein), that is, pleasure between male and female, is for procreation.
This same pleasure is contrary to nature (para physein) when male and male or female and female attempt to mate, as not even animals attempt
to mate in this way.
In addition to the contrary to nature allegation, the Athenian argues (in book 8) that such behavior between males is "unmanly," and he separates
friendship from eros. The Athenian, however, is in a position as desirable as one who wants to convince Chicagoans that baseball is "unmanly"
(Chicago is home of the White Sox and the Cubs). Thus, the Athenian must suggest ways in which to reform the culture, a culture that, in general,
honors same-sex relationships, especially between males.
The Athenian imagines a culture that is self-policing, that understands same-sex sexual practices as being on par with incest. The Athenian
recognizes that without "charming" young boys into his position by "tales [mythoi] and sentences and songs," same-sex practices will
continue to be overwhelmingly attractive.
Jennings identifies the Athenian's project as an attempt to create a "popular culture that will inculcate a loathing of same-sex practices
and a positive desire for conquering this (and other) desires." He further observes that we "have striking evidence of this [attitude] in the
Platonically informed reinterpretation of Sodom by Philo and others."
Jennings also contends that traces of the Athenian's argument can be discerned in later Christian reappropriations of biblical texts other than
Sodom, including Paul's letter to the Romans. However, Jennings maintains that Paul hardly reflects the logic of the Athenian's homophobic project.
Jacob's Wound
Jacob's Wound: Homoerotic Narrative in the Literature of Ancient Israel is the longest and, perhaps, the most seriously playful, of
Jennings's three books. In this work, he maintains that "[e]veryone who has attempted to read the Old Testament or Hebrew Bible knows that its
stories are filled with an unabashed eroticism. . . . What has been virtually missing from this recognition of the eroticism of Hebrew narrative,
however, is an engagement with homoerotic elements of these sagas."
The notion that the Hebrew Bible "promotes heterosexuality and is aghast at the very possibility of homosexuality" has become the
"natural" reading of the Hebrew Bible. But Jennings attempts to set aside that notion, and asks "what might appear if we looked at
[Hebrew Bible or Prime Testament texts] with fresh eyes?" Is it not the case that "new possibilities of reading and interpreting emerge?"
As in the previous study, Jennings calls our attention to the many "forms of articulation of same-sex desire and practice." He identifies
"three main styles of same-sex relationships" that are not "identical with or even closely parallel to what in our culture is generally assumed
about 'homosexuality.' Nor are they identical to the institutions of pederasty as these are becoming clearer to us from the study of Greek or even
Roman antiquity."
First, Jennings identifies homoeroticism in a "warrior society." Next, he explores a "shamanistic form of eroticism," that is, the eroticism of
holy men (e.g., Samuel, Saul, Elijah, and Elisha). Finally, he elucidates a tradition of transgendering, "especially males, and their erotic
relationships to (other) males."
Particularly important for Jennings is the homoerotic character of YHWH's (God's) relationship to human beings, and the manifold ways in which
both characters, human being(s) and YHWH, are transformed by this relationship.
Jennings's homoerotic reading of the Hebrew Bible begins with the saga materials about David. Here he explores warrior love, or the homoeroticism
of warrior culture. The "love triangle" between Saul, David, and Jonathan (Saul's son) and, significantly, the homoerotic relationship between David
and YHWH are addressed here.
This material includes certain prophets, whom Jennings playfully calls "YHWH's male groupies." He argues that "[t]he connecting link here is Saul,
who has been portrayed as the discarded favorite of YHWH but who is also portrayed in an odd relationship to bands of prophets who roam the hills of
premonarchic Israel. By attending to this connection we are led into a strange world of erotically charged behavior, not among warriors but among males who seem to be possessed by YHWH's erotic or phallic power."
In part two Jennings explores the particular eroticism of these "male groupies." He then highlights the transgendering of Israel, a male who is
described as an (unfaithful) bride, and he also considers Jacob's (Israel's) transgendering of his son, Joseph, the "sissy boy."
Finally, in part four, Jennings takes up questions raised by his homoerotic reading of the Prime Testament. He poses this question, "[L]et us suppose
that the readings I have undertaken suggest that Israel was not anomalously homophobic, that it was as worldly wise about same-sex as it is about
cross-sex desire and behavior. What issues would then arise?"
From this perspective, he explores issues relating to the laws (in, for example, Leviticus) that seem to prohibit all or some forms of same-sex
behavior, the question of female same-sex eroticism, and the relation between Israel and Greece.
Chapter three of Jacob's Wound, "YHWH as Erastēs," is a version of Jennings's essay of the same name in
Queer Commentary and the Hebrew Bible (2001), edited by Jennings's colleague, Ken Stone. Here he argues that "[I]n a narrative
[the David saga] concerned with homoerotic love, it is scarcely surprising that YHWH should be cast as a lover--this time of men. And it is also
here that the theological profundity of the narrative begins to come into view."
In the context of the saga material about David, YHWH is portrayed as a "warrior-chieftain," who, like Saul and David, chooses a younger male to
be (in these materials) his "armor-carrier." Jennings then asks on what basis does YHWH choose his "armor-carriers"?
YHWH first chooses Saul, "a handsome young man. There was not a man among the people of Israel more handsome than he; [and he was taller than] everyone
else" (1 Samuel 9:1-2). YHWH becomes displeased with Saul and next chooses David, who was "ruddy, and had beautiful eyes, and was handsome." After this
observation, we read, "The Lord said [to Samuel], 'Rise and anoint him; for this is the one'" (1 Samuel 16:12).
The biblical texts cited above give us an initial sense of the character of YHWH's interest in David (and other youths), an interest based especially
on their beauty. In order to "flesh out" the character of this particular relationship, Jennings attends to David's dance before YHWH's "ark." Jennings
calls attention to David's wife Michal's disgust with his "vulgar" dance, especially his "uncovering himself" before the public and the ark.
(We must keep in mind that, in this and other periods, having a wife did not preclude, in any way, the enjoyment of young men.)
Jennings also calls attention to David's response. David declares that he "cavorted / danced before the Lord," and he promises to make himself
"yet more contemptible than this" (1 Samuel 6:20-23).
Jennings's interpretation begins with the ephod, the garment David wore as he danced before YHWH. The ephod was "apparently a short linen
apron that [covered] the genitals (while at the same time perhaps calling attention to them . . .)." But it is not David's ephod that interests
Jennings so much as YHWH's ephod.
Jennings reviews several biblical texts and notes that YHWH's ephod is more-or-less a "jockstrap," that is, it hides the genitals while calling
attention to them. Interestingly, the ark (that which David dances before) is conflated with YHWH's ephod (see 1 Samuel 14:3, 14:18).
Jennings concludes, "What I want to suggest is that the ark and the ephod have the same function. They make physically present the hypermasculine
presence of the Lord. They both disguise and disclose the phallic potency of Adonai." The ark and the ephod are both "sheaths" that cover and draw
attention to the phallus of God. Jennings continues by citing texts that buttress his interpretation, namely, those texts that portray God as rapist,
a gang rapist--a sodomite, if you will.
We have learned that David, chosen by YHWH because of his beauty, exposed himself before God, more specifically, God's phallus. Furthermore,
there are indications of a certain "holy union" here.
Later in the story, YHWH, having asserted himself as the lover (using pederastic terminology, an older male who pursues a younger male: YHWH as erastēs)
and regarding David as the beloved, promises that "he will not take his steadfast love from David as he has earlier done with Saul. . . . YHWH is promising
lifetime faithfulness, binding himself to David always. It is something like a marriage vow, or at least we now say, holy union."
YHWH demonstrates his faithfulness by adopting David's offspring. David similarly demonstrates his faithfulness to Jonathan by adopting
Jonathan's son, Mephibosheth. Jennings concludes: "Thus the relationship between human males parallels and interacts with the erotics of the
relationship between David and YHWH."
Perhaps most boldly, Jennings argues that David changed YHWH. At the beginning of "YHWH as Erastēs," Jennings notes, "Into death and beyond,
[David] remains the man who YHWH himself loves. And in the process the ancient desert-warrior God becomes somehow more humane, more trustworthy,
more forgiving. YHWH himself is learning to love."
There are several episodes in the David story that represent God as explosive, capricious, and angry. YHWH, however, seems to calm down as
the story progresses, and he does this precisely because of his love for David.
Jennings concludes, "Although it may seem strange to say it, it would seem that YHWH had learned to love from David, had learned what it
is to love all the way--precisely in relation to David--and had learned steadfastness in love from David. Through being the Lover of precisely
this beloved one, YHWH had become a better lover, one who can be trusted, one who can be relied upon, one in whom one can have faith."
I have highlighted this chapter in order to suggest that the homoeroticism of the Hebrew Bible would scarcely be possible were it not for the
fact YHWH loved human males, especially David. However, it is important also to note Jennings's argument regarding female-sex relationships such as
Ruth and Naomi. He argues not only that "we do have evidence of this sort of relationship depicted in these narratives, but also that it is even
possible to identify a certain priority of female same-sex relationships in this material. Indeed, I wonder whether female same-sex relationships
do not play an essential role in the transformation of male same-sex relationships."
The Man Jesus Loved
In his introduction to The Man Jesus Loved: Homoerotic Narratives from the New Testament, Jennings states his argument clearly: "This book is
an attempt to carefully and patiently explore texts from the Gospels that suggest something about Jesus' own erotic attachments and the attitude toward
same-sex relationships that may be fairly extrapolated from the traditions about Jesus. What emerges is evidence for the 'dangerous memory' of Jesus
as a lover of another man and as one whose attitudes toward such relationships, as well as toward gender and what are called 'marriage and family values,'
are incompatible with modern heterosexism and homophobia."
As we have seen in the discussion of the other two books by Jennings, a homophobic agenda precedes a homophobic interpretation of biblical texts.
Similarly, a gay-affirmative agenda precedes Jennings's counter-homophobic reading. My point is not that Jennings forces his agenda onto the texts,
but that texts cannot appear as homoerotic if one excludes such a reading from the outset, which has been the case with most other commentators.
Jennings is clear: "This book takes the position that the homophobic and heterocentric position of the church (and of Western society generally) is
a distortion of the Bible. I propose, as a corollary, that a gay affirmative reading of the Bible will actually respect the integrity of these texts
and make their message both more clear and more persuasive."
Jennings aligns his reading of the biblical texts with liberationist readings. We may think of the ways in which the bible was re-read to contest
slavery, the oppression of women, and the poor. What is at stake in these re-readings is "greater clarity about the meaning of faithfulness to the
God who is attested in Scripture."
From this vantage point, Jennings suggests several approaches to re-reading the bible from a gay-affirmative perspective. First, one may read to
contest "the presumed basis in Scripture for cultural and social denigration of and even legislation against persons who engage in same-gender sexual
activity." Second, one may read to contest heterosexism or the preoccupation with marriage and family values. A third level of reading may be called
"pro-gay." In this case, one reads to find, in the text, "gay" characters (e.g., Ruth and Naomi). Finally, one may read from "the perspective of a
contemporary gay or queer sensibility." Each of these strategies is deployed by Jennings, and the result is a thick gay-affirmative reading.
We begin with a legend. It is said "that a book was published entitled Everything Jesus Said about Homosexuality. When opened, the book
consisted of nothing but blank pages." Jennings notes that the point is well made, but he also believes it is misleading. Jennings contends "that the
Jesus tradition contains a good deal that is relevant to the discussion of same-sex erotic relationships, and that all of it is positive."
In order to frame this conclusion sufficiently, Jennings asks, "Was Jesus gay?"
Rather than simplifying, the question "Was Jesus gay?" actually adds a great deal of complexity to the discussion. The modern understanding of
"gayness" or "homosexuality" does not, of course, fit perfectly with first-century thought. Furthermore, we do not know about the "personal" lives
of "historical persons from so long ago"; the evidence is only "suggestive rather than explicit." This is especially true of Jesus, "whose life,
teachings, and deeds are filtered through a process of reflection and reconstruction that eventuates in the production of the primary documents,
the Gospels, upon which we must rely for evidence."
Nonetheless, Jennings contends that the question both "provides a way of definitively breaking with the defensive hermeneutical strategy,"
and also "allows us to focus attention on texts that have been largely ignored in the discussion."
In The Man Jesus Loved Jennings uses the term "gay" to mean "gay men, lesbians, and bisexual and transgendered persons"; he avoids the term
"queer" due to the fact that it seems to "block rather than facilitate understanding among readers, both 'gay' and 'straight,' of [his] own generation."
Furthermore, he uses terms like "same-sex" (rather than homosexual) and "cross-sex" (rather than heterosexual) in order to avoid certain conceptual
Finally, Jennings argues that the texts do not lift the ephod covering the sex lives of ancient figures. The question is whether or not, on
the basis of the textual evidence, a sexual relationship may be inferred. Jennings uses the term "homoerotic" to describe this reality.
Jennings begins with the Gospel of John; here he traces the instances in which Jesus is said to love anyone. Jennings writes, "Indeed the only
text in which [terms for love] occur with any frequency is the Gospel of John. . . . Perhaps even more surprising is that, with a single exception,
the only Gospel in which Jesus is said to love someone--even God, let alone another human being--is the Gospel of John."
Particularly important are
those passages that indicate Jesus loved another man. We are told that Jesus loved another man in the Gospel of John "no fewer than five times."
In part one of his book Jennings explores the nature of the relationship between Jesus and the man he loved. Jennings also considers whether or
not the Gospel of John as a whole is hospitable to his homoerotic reading of Jesus' relationship with his disciple.
In part two Jennings considers whether or not the Gospel of John stands alone in its assertion that Jesus loved another man. While "Secret Mark"
seems to show signs of the "dangerous memory" of Jesus as a lover of another man, Matthew and Luke portray Jesus as, at least, supportive of homoerotic
If this is the case, how are we to account for Jesus' supposed support of "marriage and family values"? In part three Jennings demonstrates that the
Jesus tradition is actually resolutely opposed to "marriage and family values." He also addresses the tension between the Jesus tradition and Pauline
and later expressions of Christianity here.
In chapter 2, "The Lover and His Beloved," Jennings aims to "see what sense it makes of these texts to read them as suggestive of what we might today
label a homosexual or gay relationship." The disciple (masculine in Greek) Jesus loved appears for the first time in John 13. The context is Jesus'
last meal with his disciples.
Jennings writes, "The context in which the man Jesus loved is introduced is striking. As we have seen, this whole section of the Gospel is devoted
to the love of Jesus for his disciples and the way Jesus' love serves as a model of their love for one another. . . . That one disciple is singled out
in this context as the disciple loved by Jesus is striking. Jesus loved all the disciples in the most intimate friendship and in
sacrificial solidarity. The singling out of the one who is loved by Jesus makes clear that some kind of love is at stake other than the love that
unites Jesus to the rest of his disciples."
What concerns us here is in what sense Jesus' love for this one disciple is homoerotic.
Jennings's homoerotic reading is strengthened by the text: "one of the disciples--the one Jesus loved--was reclining in Jesus' lap . . . . Falling
back thus upon the chest of Jesus, he said to him . . ." (John 13:23-25). Jennings observes, "The text thus depicts the relationship of love in terms of
physical closeness and bodily intimacy. This feature is expressed twice here (lap, chest) and is reiterated in the final scene of the Gospel when the
beloved is pointed out as the one who had lain on Jesus' chest . . . ."
It is the physical closeness expressed in this text that differentiates Jesus' love for this disciple from the other disciples. While the disciple
Jesus loved is not given special privileges or a particularly significant leadership role in the community, he is set apart as the one Jesus loved--the
one Jesus loved in a particular way.
As Jennings acknowledges, he is not the first to recognize the homoerotic character of the relationship between Jesus and his beloved disciple. Jennings is not attempting to be innovative. Nonetheless, The Man Jesus Loved represents the first serious and sustained attempt to call attention to the theological significance of the homoerotic
nature of this relationship.
While this brief survey of over 700 pages of material has necessarily been partial and fragmentary, I hope we have seen something of Jennings's
careful, patient, and sophisticated homoerotic interpretations of canonical literature.
It is important to emphasize that there is nothing fanciful about Jennings's homoerotic interpretations. He uses standard historical critical
methods in conjunction with other standard reading strategies to interpret canonical texts. In fact, his hermeneutic is quite orthodox.
It is true that Jennings's books bring together and consolidate fragmentary observations, arguments, and speculations found in a wide variety of
scholarly literature dealing with the same texts and issues. Nevertheless, Jennings's well-developed arguments are certainly his own, and many of his
theological and exegetical observations are unique and emerge quite naturally from the texts. Jennings's scholarship represents the best
of biblical and constructive theology.
If it is true, as Cornel West argues in Prophesy Deliverance! An Afro-American Revolutionary Christianity, that "any radical movement without a
Christian counterpart in American society is doomed," Jennings's homoerotic interpretations will help the queer movement by opening a way for the movement to re-imagine itself as an expression of the messianic politics of Jesus and Paul. A queer movement informed by messianic politics will certainly be more radical, humane, and successful, at least in the Christianized United States.
Finally, Jennings's work clearly demonstrates that Christianity is not inherently homophobic or heterosexist. In fact, just the opposite is true.
In Plato or Paul? Jennings writes, "[T]his unnatural joining of Christianity and homophobia must be undone if Christianity is not to continue
to be guilty of the true crime of Sodom: the violation of the vulnerable. Too many lives have already been lost or incurably damaged by this
unholy alliance. There was a time before homophobia insinuated itself into Christianity. It is long past time that we entered a new era, the era after
The Bible
Greece: Ancient
Patristic Writers
Rome: Ancient
Subjects of the Visual Arts: David and Jonathan
Boswell, John
Daly, Mary
Paul, St.
Jennings, Theodore W. Jacob's Wound: Homoerotic Narrative in the Literature of Ancient Israel. New York: Continuum, 2005.
_____. The Man Jesus Loved: Homoerotic Narrative from the New Testament. Cleveland: Pilgrim Press, 2009.
_____. Plato or Paul? The Origins of Western Homophobia. Cleveland: Pilgrim Press, 2009.
To learn more about Theodore W. Jennings, Jr., please
visit his page on the Chicago Theological Seminary website.
Tony Hoshaw is a third year Ph.D. student in Theology, Ethics, and the Human Sciences at the Chicago Theological Seminary. His areas of study are in early and modern Christian thought, classical and Continental philosophy,
trauma studies, and queer studies. Hoshaw is also a flight attendant for a legacy airline.
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Coworking spaces are a growing trend focused primarily on entrepreneurs, freelancers, and other remote workers wanting to get out of both their houses and coffee shops. They offer flexible office-space along with a sense of community and even ad hoc collaboration.
Despite being a global phenomenon -- virtually every major city has at least a few coworking spaces and a growing number of smaller cities have at least one or two -- coworking spaces aren't likely to replace the traditional workplace for the majority of knowledge workers anytime soon.
[SEE ALSO: Why We're Obsessed With Yahoo's No Work-From-Home Policy; The Office Is Dying - Get Ready For Bring Your Own Workplace (BYOW) ]
But they do provide a great a template for encouraging and supporting an increasingly mobile-first workforce as well as an increasingly social-oriented workforce. Both of those are going to be key to success in the coming decades as is the ad hoc collaboration style that technology and a new generation of workers are creating.
What coworking spaces offer
Coworking spaces are designed to be incredibly open and flexible. Part of that is basic necessity. The number of members working in each space and the tasks they perform are different each day. Coworking memberships are often priced based on how many days each week or month a member expects to use the space and what resources they require. While many spaces offer assigned desks or assigned offices, many members select a different desk or workspace each time based on what they need to do.
That flexibility also extends beyond the traditional desk-centric workspace. Most coworking spaces offer lounge areas to a change of pace and an opportunity to interact with other members. Many offer free-form quiet space for people who need to concentrate on specific tasks or collaborate in private. Some offer gaming and lunch areas. And almost all have regular after work events or lunches where members can get to know each other in a more social atmosphere.
The flexibility of space and social resources -- which can be traced back to Silicon Valley startups and powerhouses like Google and Facebook -- engender in-person social interactions and allow coworking members to bounce ideas off each other, brainstorm, collaborate in ways they might not have considered otherwise, and share advice about virtually anything -- technical issues, potential contractors and consultants, prospective clients, and ways to improve or expand a current project. The diverse mix of individuals in the typical coworking space means that those interactions can deliver a flow of resources and information that probably wouldn't happen in the stereotypical cubicle-land of most companies.
Although coworking spaces represent a very different employment and productivity model, there's absolutely no reason that companies or organizations across a wide swath of fields can't deliver similar experiences and reap similar rewards.
Coworking-style features that companies can build on
Creating this kind of environment at a traditional company may seem like a tall order, but it doesn't have to be. At its core, a mobile-first and social office includes these features:
- Ditch the cubicles -- Cubicles isolate individuals and are a barrier to interaction, collaboration, and productivity. Open desks, tables, and other alternatives are better for delivering a communal and collaborative feel. This can go even further by ditching offices for managers and executives and encouraging them to work and interact with their departments whenever feasible.
- Flexible desks and seating arrangement -- Assigned desks or cubicles don't always group people in ideal ways. Whether they separate people working together by few feet or hundreds of yards, assigned desks can impede productivity and collaboration. Allowing users to select their own space -- and change that selection as needed -- can increase productivity and satisfaction.
- Quiet space -- Many business tasks and projects require focused research and thinking. While cubicles provide some separation, they're rarely effective for creating quiet space. Instead, a series of rooms designated for quiet work, much like quiet study rooms in a library, can provide distraction-free workspaces for any worker that needs it without creating barriers to interaction and collaboration.
- Collaboration and brainstorming space -- Whether it's a quiet room, a conference room, or other less-defined space, rooms where pairs or teams can get together away from distraction and focus on working together on a project or problem are essential for maximizing collaboration.
- Lounges and communal areas -- Well-appointed lounge areas that aren't specific to jobs or departments are great for encouraging interaction and collaboration that might not otherwise occur. They should provide an environment that encourages people to hang out, share ideas and problems, and work on tasks that don't require intense concentration. Rather than providing traditional communal spaces like a cafeteria or lunch room, these spaces should have a vibe like a coffee shop, hotel bar, or sports club -- a place to relax and play as much as to work.
- Spaces should have a personality -- Every company has its own culture and every department and team has its own flavor. That should be reflected in a workspace. That could mean a hip downtown loft style space, a laid-back collegiate feel, or a more upscale professional feel. Whatever it is, it shouldn't be a dull, gray, institutional space that employees can't wait to leave.
Making the switch
Adopting all of those changes at once could give long-time employees some real culture shock. One way to buffer the transition is to makes changes slowly over time. That also allows for tweaking plans based on feedback and experience.
Another option is to involve employees in the planning process. Citrix vice president of HR Brandy Fulton told me recently that allowing members of engineering teams to have an active role in the process of planning flexible workspaces both reduced their hesitation about the changes and resulted in a spaces that were much more tailored to the needs of the team members.
The best advice about developing a plan for supporting a social and mobile-first (or even mobile-only) workforce is to learn from the success (or failure) of others. Check out coworking spaces or other flexible and open options. Connect with companies that have made the move to spaces similar to who you're considering. Use resources like Glassdoor to peek inside companies for inspiration and to judge how their employees feel about their space.

subset: commoncrawl


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Clean Up Dives
Dive Friends Bonaire organizes the quarterly Bonaire Underwater Clean Up Dive. Upcoming clean ups in 2015 are scheduled for:
January 17th
April 11th
July 18th
October 17th
Briefings begin 10:00 AM, but dates may change so as to not conflict with other events.
On each Clean Up Dive, a different area of Bonaire's coastal reefs or beaches is selected and any trash which has not become part of the reef is collected. We invite and welcome any participants who want to combine vacation with doing the right thing for their reefs! Quarterly cleanups give us the opportunity to focus on the removal of new trash rather than disturbing the flora and fauna that have taken up residence in older trash.
If you happen to be on-island and you're not diving with Dive Friends Bonaire but you'd still like to help keep Bonaire blue and beautiful--no problem. Please bring a copy of your certification card along when you sign-in. We only ask that you fill in one of our liability forms and then you are more than welcome to participate.
The sponsors provide free air and a potluck BBQ after this dive, but we do ask you to bring a small side dish if you come to the BBQ. It's always a really good time!
Please RSVP or direct your questions to Dive Friends Bonaire at +(599) 717-2929 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
View image galleries of past cleanups using the following links:
Debris Free Bonaire
Unfortunately, not everyone can visit Bonaire while we are having one of our famous quarterly clean-up dives. We now have a program that will allow everyone to give a little bit of their time to help the environment of Bonaire. The eastern coastline of Bonaire accumulates a large amount of plastic debris that has drifted along the current from South America. More and more floating plastic arrives every hour. It is extremely dangerous to our ecosystem and our sea turtles. Many visitors of Bonaire who visit the east coast and witness the volume of plastic feel helpless to do anything about it. Well, no longer! Together we can make a Debris Free Bonaire! Anyone who wants to participate just needs to visit any one of our five dive centers to collect a large mesh bag. We'll show you on a map where the areas of concern are located. Then, you can go for a scenic drive over to the eastern coastline. Fill up the bag with as much plastic debris as you can, and return the bag to Dive Friends Bonaire @ Hamlet Oasis. We have a ten-cubic meter container for the plastic so that everyone can witness how much debris we have removed from the marine environment. We'll sort it for recycling, re-use or proper disposal. If you leave your name and email address with us when you drop off a full collection bag, you will be entered into a raffle every time we fill the container. We'd also like to take a photo of you to let all of your Facebook (and PADI Project AWARE) friends know about the great work that you're doing while on vacation!
REEF Survey
Dive Friends Bonaire is a REEF (Reef Environmental Education Foundation) Survey Station. Any interested divers or snorkelers are welcome to conduct a survey. Beginner fish watchers start off at Level 1 and can work their way up by submitting survey data and taking a fish ID quiz or by taking the Dive Friends Bonaire REEF Survey Diver course. Just drop by and we'll lend you a fish survey slate to use.
Once you start conducting fish surveys, your diving experience will change. Suddenly you will start to notice things on your dives that have always been there, but the difference is that now you will know them. You will realize when a species you encounter is a great find, and who are the usual suspects. Another reason - it allows you to participate, become a scientist, become an explorer. It gives you a voice to make a difference. We hope you will use it. For more information, please visit www.reef.org.
The Lionfish Invasion
Unfortunately, the Caribbean lionfish invasion has spread to Bonaire. What started as an unfortunate release from an aquarium in Florida in the early 1990s became an environmental disaster of epic proportions. Lionfish can produce up to 30,000 floating eggs in one spawn. The eat everything that they come across and, due to their venomous spines, almost nothing eats them. Studies have shown that when they appear on your reef--you can lose up to 40% of your biodiversity! Luckily for us, we have a great team of local volunteer divers that are doing their best to combat this scourge. The Bonaire Marine Park has trained and mobilized local divers to use ELFs or Eliminate Lionfish Devices.
What you can do:
If you see one in the Marine Park, please note the depth, dive site,and location and report it at any of our dive centers. We'll do our best to make sure that it is speared and on someone's dinner plate as soon as possible. Under no circumstances should you try to catch or kill it yourself. Stings from the venomous spines are quite painful. Apply a hot compress (as hot as you can stand) to the wound and head over to the hospital to get it checked out.
Another thing that you can do is EAT LIONFISH! Instead of dining on grouper or shark, who should be left in the oceans to eat lionfish, you can turn the tables and ask for lionfish in every restaurant that you visit on Bonaire. If there's a demand, there will be a supply. It's tasty and perfectly safe to eat. The spines are the only part that contain venom. You can also bring home a Lionfish Cookbook from our retail shop.
Bottle Recycling
Although Bonaire does not have a bottle recycling plant on the island yet, we're taking steps in the right direction by separating our recyclable glass from the rest of our trash. Dive Friends Bonaire has yellow bottle recycling bins set up at each of our dive locations. Just ask any crew member and remember to bring by your empties at the end of your stay!
Battery Disposal
The batteries that we use in our dive lights are rechargeable and we encourage our divers to use the same. However, if your strobes, lights, or gadgets require batteries, please don't throw the used ones in the trash. If they go to the landfill, they can cause environmental damage. We have special battery disposal containers at each of our locations for you to drop them off.
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Ciara and Future Are Engaged (See The 15-Carat Ring Photo)
Music producer Future proposed to singer Ciara while she was celebrating her 28th birthday in New York City over the weekend with an engagement ring that rivals Kim Kardashian's. The whopping 15-carat center stone engagement ring was designed by Avianne & Co and features a trio of emerald cut diamonds with a band of emerald-cut diamonds to match! Fun fact: Just a few months ago, the two got matching ring tattoos with one another's initials, Future had a "C" for Ciara tattooed on his ring finger and she had an "N" tattooed (Future's real name is Nayvadius). If the ring is any indication of their style, we're guessing this wedding is going to be over-the-top.
Want more? Of course you do!
> 8 rings that require a workout
> 4 Kim Kardashian engagement ring look-alikes


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Here's the latest news from Homemade Frontier Headquarters – We're moving! In, uhm, 11 days.
On the upside we packed a lot when we listed the house. On the downside we are freakin' moving in 11 days!
While I crave the simplicity of going the moving supply store and picking up conveniently sized boxes, I am not in favour of immediately recycling brand new only used once boxes. Not to mention the huge expense of paying for boxes.
So instead I've jumped on board the DIY moving train and scrounged all over town for free boxes. So far it's worked out great.
If you are in the market for boxes here's what I've learned –
- Ask on Facebook and Twitter. Friends have good ideas about where to look locally.
- Visit the liquor and grocery stores. Buying liquor and groceries helps, in many ways.
- Make friends with people who've recently moved and offer to take boxes off their hands.
- Be prepared to leave your phone number and to make multiple visits to pick up boxes.
I used newspaper, table linens, towels and sheets to pack the breakables. I believe there might be a box in the kid's room that is entirely filled with paper from the shredder. It's important to bring your shredded sensitive documents to the new house. And it's also important to let the kids help.
I am very much in favour of the moving rule to throw out or donate what you don't need before you send it to the new house. I might be the only one in my family who does but because I am the Team Leader of packing I get to be the boss.
The next step is themove. We've got a truck, cause it's a DIY move. We could use some help though.
Anyone available over the Labour Day weekend willing to do a little labour? I promise that you'll be well fed and well caffeinated. Hello? Anyone?


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what makes you think that the canterville chase is haunted ?give evidence to support your answer
1 Answer | Add Yours
*The bloodstain in the sitting room and mysterios noises.
*simon the ghost succeded in horrifying and terrifying which leads to madness and suicide.
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Release: Amazon S3 on 2015-04-09
This release includes an update to Amazon S3 event notifications.
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Release: Amazon S3 on 2015-03-24
This release includes cross-region replication for buckets in Amazon S3.
Last Modified: Mar 24, 2015 21:42 PM GMT
Release: Amazon S3 2014-11-13
Amazon S3 now supports Event Notifications.
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Release: Amazon S3 on 2014-11-12
Amazon S3 now supports server-side encryption using AWS Key Management Service (KMS) encryption keys.
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Amazon S3 now supports server-side encryption using customer-provided encryption keys.
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Amazon S3 now supports lifecycle rules for versioning.
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Amazon S3 now supports Signature Version 4 for authenticating inbound API requests to AWS services.
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Amazon S3 supports archiving data to Amazon Glacier in the Asia Pacific (Sydney) Region.
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Amazon S3 now supports root domain support for website hosting.
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Amazon S3 now supports archiving data to Amazon Glacier.
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Amazon S3 now supports web site page redirects.
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Amazon S3 supports Cross Origin Resource Sharing (CORS).
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Amazon S3 now supports Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)-protected API access.
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Release: Amazon S3 on 2011-12-27
In this release, Amazon S3 supports a new Object Expiration feature that lets you schedule automatic removal of objects older than their configured age.
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Release: Amazon S3 on 2011-12-14
This release introduces the South America (Sao Paulo) Region.
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In this release, Amazon S3 supports a new Multi-Object Delete feature that enables you to delete multiple objects with a single request.
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Introducing the AWS SDK for Ruby. This is the initial release of the AWS SDK for Ruby.
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Release: Amazon S3 on 2011-06-21
In this release Amazon S3 extends multipart upload API to enable copying objects up to 5 TB.
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In this release, Amazon S3 enables console support for folder uploads and simplifies granting cross-account IAM user access.
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Release: Amazon S3 on 2011-02-17
In this release, AWS adds new features that make it easy for you to host your static websites on Amazon S3.
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Metro track work causes Memorial Day weekend delays
May 25, 2012 - 06:33 am
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WASHINGTON (AP) - Metro is using the long holiday weekend to make improvements to the rail system.
Metro says that beginning Friday at 10 p.m. and continuing through Monday, passengers traveling on the green line between Greenbelt and Fort Totten will have to take free shuttle buses to travel between those stations.
In addition, on the red line, trains will share a single track between Forest Glen and Takoma.
Metro says customers should allow 10 minutes of extra travel time.
The transit agency has no scheduled work on the blue, orange or yellow lines.
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Browse Items: 1368
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Bill Shymkus
This is a short clip of a tip called by Bill Shymkus at the 3rd National Square Dance Convention in Dallas , Texas. The choreography is the goal post pattern that was very common at that time.
Harper Smith
This is a short clip called by Harper Smith at the National Square Dance Convention in Dallas, Texas in April of 1954. The choreography is hand turn hash with several Allemande Breaks.
My Little Girl - Ed Gilmore
This is a short clip from a tip called by Ed Gilmore at the 1954 National Square Dance Convention in Dallas, Texas. Ed is singing the dance My Little Girl.
Jerry Helt
This is a short clip from a tip called by Jerry Helt at the 1954 National Square Dance Convention in Dallas, Texas.The choreography is the "classic" figure Texas Whirlwind.
"Doc" Alumbaugh
This is a short clip from a tip called by "Doc" Alumbaughat the 1954 National Square Dance Convention in Dallas, Texas. The choreography is the "classic" figures Dip and Dive and Right Lady High, Left Lady Low.
Bob Osgood
This is a short clip from a tip called by Bob Osgood at the 1954 National Square Dance Convention in Dallas, Texas. The choreography is a 3 Ladies Chain routine.
Ed Gilmore - Caller's Institute
This is a transcription of a presentation made by Ed Gilmore to a group of callers. He starts by outline his own credentials to be leading such a session, and mentions in passing "that for the last four years I've been a full-time professional. Which means that I am devoting 14-15 hours a day, 7 days a week, to square dance calling and square dance…
Doc Alumbaugh - styling
Alumbaugh's "Styling Suggestion for Square Dancing" is a systematic approach to what he sees as the five components:
• Poise
• Bearing
• Rhythm
• Timing
• Local Mannerisms
The author quickly acknowledges that there are different local styles; his aim is to present the style of southern California and to encourage other callers to…
• Poise
• Bearing
• Rhythm
• Timing
• Local Mannerisms
The author quickly acknowledges that there are different local styles; his aim is to present the style of southern California and to encourage other callers to…
Tags: Doc Alumbaugh, styling
Jimmy Morris and Tommy Cavanagh interview
Interview with two British callers, conducted by Mildred Buhler and shared with her dancers back in California. The two men were the co-founders, president and vice-president, of the fledgling British Association of American Square Dance Clubs with which Buhler was involved when she moved to London. During the interview, Morris says, "We really try…
Bruce Johnson interview
This interview with a young Bruce Johnson-- he's 25 at the time-- was conducted by Mildred Buhler as part of her "Calling All Folk Dancers" radio program in 1950-1951. (The illustration is from 20 years later, when he's on the cover of Sets in Order.) Included here is a section near the beginning of the broadcast, which included Johnson calling a…
Tags: Bruce Johnson, Down Yonder, Mildred Buhler, Texas Star
Square Dance Time - Tommy Cavanagh
Two clips from Tommy Cavanagh's "Square Dance Time" album., excerpts from "Hoedown Boogie" and "Boil that Cabbage." Callers in Great Britain from time to time receive the Tommy Cavanagh award for service to square dancing in that country. Cavanagh was one of the callers befriended by Mildred Buhler when she moved from Northern California to London…
Tags: England, Great Britain, Tommy Cavanagh
Wakamono Tachi - Masaru Wada
Excerpt from recording by caller Masaru Wada, with calls in English but with additional lyrics in Japanese
Tags: Japan, Masaru Wada, Wakamomo Tachi
Masaru Wada - 2010 Milestone Award
Text of the CALLERLAB Milestone award presented to caller Masaru Wada of Japan, as well as the speech made by Mike Seastrom in presenting the award. Seastrom acknowledged, "While there are other fine leaders who have spread the joy of the square dance activity and helped it grow in Japan," Masaru Wada stands above the rest.
Tags: Japan, Masaru Wada
Square Dance Clubs, Texas Style
This is a detailed description of the organizational plan of the Sally Goodin square dance club of Houston, Texas, which followed a common Texas model at the time:
"Most of the square dancing is done in square dance clubs organized solely for this purpose, conducted entirely by the members, and with no profit except to the orchestra and in some…
"Most of the square dancing is done in square dance clubs organized solely for this purpose, conducted entirely by the members, and with no profit except to the orchestra and in some…
Tags: club, organization, Texas
Don't Forget, Callers, Our Style Is Always Showing
This is a copy of a section of the minutes of a meeting of the Southern California Callers Association. Bob Van Antwerp presented the training session on the subject of dancing style and how callers should teach it to new dancers.
Tags: Bob Van Antwerp, styling, teaching
Pardners - Jerry Lewis square dance
The 1956 film Pardners, starring Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis, originally had a square dance sequence with Jerry Lewis as the caller, testimony to the role that square dancing had in American popular culture at that time. Bob Osgood coached Jerry Lewis in the art of dance calling. This short clip is from the trailer, but the actual dance sequence…
Tags: Bob Osgood, film, Hollywood, Jerry Lewis, Pardners
Les Quatre Berceaux - related documents
This item gathers together various documents related to the videotaped performance of the dance, Les Quatre Berceaux:• Instructions, as interpreted and explained by John Ramsay with assistance from Mark Rice• Chart constructed by Mark Rice to assist the group as they attempted to re-create the dance• Article sent by Dance Discovery…
Les Quatre Berceaux - cotillion for 6 couples
"Les Quatre Berceaux" (The Four Cradles) was presented by Dance Discovery at the Missouri History Museum in conjunction with an exhibit on Napoleon. The group reconstructed the dance from the printed French description published in Paris in 1801.Credits:Rebecca Taylor translated the archaic French into modern English.John Ramsay…
Polka Square - Ralph Page (clip)
This clip of Ralph Page calling Polka Square demonstrates his melodic style, part patter call and part singing. The musicians are Page's Boston Boys: George Gulyassy, fiddle; Bob Gulyassy, guitar; Phil Jamoulis, bass, joined here by Walter Erickson, accordion, and Walter Lob on fiddle.
Tags: singing square
Gary Ellison interview
This is an interview conducted by Nathaniel Lucy as part of his research for his master's thesis, "Ozark Jubilee: The Impact of a Revional Identity at a Crossroads," written in 2014. The subject of the interview is Gary Ellison, who explains, "In 1959 and in 1960, the last two years, I was the square dance caller for the Wagon Wheelers, which was…


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Brooks Women's Infiniti Anorak Half Zip Jacket
$72.97 $120.00*
Save $47.03 (39%)
Product Information:
Keep running through any weather in the Brooks® Women's Infinite Anorak. The lightweight half zip pullover jacket is constructed of breathable, waterproof, and windproof material that lets you keep going after the rest of the competition had to stop. The stylish knitted roughing detail on the thumbholes and neckline give this fitted jacket lovely feminine detailing. A reflective sheen on the front panel adds a touch of style and safety.
- Fitted half zip pullover jacket
- Lightweight breathable material designed to keep out the elements
- Knit fabric rouging design on thumbholes and neck
- Reflective front side
- Hidden chest zip pocket
- Style: 220614
- Brooks
Country of Origin: PhilippinesWeb ID: 22881606


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'Modern Family' Season 4 DVD first look: Claire dispenses parenting advice as only she knows howAdd to Favorites | Modern Family
Claire Dunphy knows one thing: When raising your children, never let them know too much about your childhood. After all, you don't want them to try to live up to, and inevitably fall short of, the real, disappointing you.
In an exclusive clip from the Season 4 Blu-Ray/DVD release of "Modern Family," available in stores on Tuesday (Sept. 24), Claire ( Julie Bowen) explains the key to raising well-behaved children in typical Claire fashion. Just don't ask Phil ( Ty Burrell) to repeat any of it.
Check out the very funny moment above and be sure to tune in to "Modern Family" when it returns for Season 5 on Wednesday, Sept. 25 at 8 p.m. ET on ABC.
Photo/Video credit: ABC


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Posted by Kristin Oehlke at 9:40 PM | Permalink
For those of you who are versed in some of the more universal parlance of the public health set, the term "primary prevention" denotes a familiar concept. Primary prevention is all about preventing bad outcomes for people, to maintain or improve health and to anticipate and head off problems before they become manifest in people's lives. Here, we are trying to use the concept of family health history as another tool for keeping people well by informing them of their risk for chronic diseases.
Family health history is an independent risk factor for several conditions that contribute greatly to the morbidity and mortality of lots of people. Examples of conditions that can run in families include many types of cancer, including the biggies of breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers. There are also families in which other cancers can be very prevalent. For example, our former President, Jimmy Carter, has a remarkable family history of pancreatic cancer. He lost at least a couple of siblings and one parent to this disease. Thankfully for him (and for us), he has so far been spared from this disease.
Other conditions that tend to run in families include cardiovascular disease, hypertension and stroke and diabetes. Interestingly, we often talk about obesity as being a very potent risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Having a family history of these conditions--especially if the relatives are closely related--is comparable with obesity as a risk factor.
So, if your relatives have all keeled over from chronic diseases, does that mean that you are doomed to their fate? The really good news is that if your relatives have suffered from chronic diseases like cancer or diabetes, you can use your relative's experiences of poor health as a cautionary tale and avoid a similar fate. There is almost always something you can do to allay or greatly reduce your chances of repeating their history. It isn't just about genes, in most cases, but rather about an interaction between environmental and behavioral factors with a susceptible genetic makeup. In other words, there may be some genes that are necessary for disease to occur, but they certainly are not the whole story by any means. Remove any one of the predisposing elements and health is maintained, even if there is a considerable genetic predisposition. So, even though you can't change your genes, you can change your behaviors and your environment (including diet) and stay healthy. For most of us, the family health history of common chronic diseases that we have observed in our parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles, can be averted by following some pretty basic changes in habits and environments. So, if you can, raise of toast to the health (or lack thereof) to your relatives. By learning from what health conditions affected them, you can up your chances to have a long and happy life!
Posted by Kristin Oehlke at 9:01 PM | Permalink
| Comments (1)
The Minnesota Republican Party has added a plank to their party platform that would require parents to "opt in" to having newborn bloodspot screening for their newborn babies. This would be a major change from the current situation in Minnesota. Currently, parents can "opt out" of the program, but this very rarely happens. If the program is changed so that parents have to "opt in" to have their child screened, it is unclear what this would mean for the rates of participation. The concern is that many more kids would not be screened and that, sooner or later, a child with a treatable condition would be missed, resulting in permanent disability or death to the child. Also, if "opt in" becomes the standard, there will be a whole new informed consent process that will have to planned, developed and put into practice. Who would do this and what it would cost is unclear at this point. We will be watching this with great interest. Fee free to comment if you have any information or if you have perspectives on this.
Posted by Kristin Oehlke at 10:04 PM | Permalink


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I really smell a nice floral to this. It isn't a sweet floral but more like you are walking through a garden of flowers, very soft. Mostly I smell the floral notes but every once in a while I smell the wood notes. I have worn this on other days where I can smell the wood more then the floral. It must be my chemistry. This is another favorite of mine. I am sad they discontinued it. It is exactly like it's name Lovely.
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Revenge Season 2: Who Died in Episode 18, "Masquerade"?
Not only did we discover what Nolan Ross looks like after six sleepless weeks and no hair gel in Revenge Season 2, Episode 18, "Masquerade," but we also saw two major deaths!?
Padma Lahari and The Initiative's latest greaseball, Trask, met their messy ends within 24 hours of each other. Naturally, it was all Aiden Mathis's fault. When in doubt, blame it on the Brit!
After Emily Thorne saw Nolan barefoot and rambling about love letters and code (which to him are the same thing), she decided to take matters into her own hands (read: Aiden's hands) and go searching for Padma her own wa
Basically, they're able to locate Padma in under 24 hours, when it took Nolan six weeks to take a shower. Typical.
Aiden pulls Grayson Global's stock out of The Initiative's investments and Trask resurfaces to rip Daniel a new one. This puts Aiden's future at Grayson Global at risk, but he gets to locate Padma so it's worth it.
Putting a gun to Trask's head, Aiden demands the slimeball take him to Nolan's lady love. Unfortunately, he's about 24 hours too late. Lying serenely on top of a metal box, this young Juliet has finally joined her father in the great beyond and added herself to the list of Nolan's dead lovers (RIP Tyler).
This puts Aiden in a frenzied rage and he chokes Trask until there's no more metaphorical threats left in his tiny body.
Aiden makes a break for it before the authorities reach him, but now the police think that Nolan is somehow involved in Padma's murder. They think the notes and equations that line his wall prove he's linked and now he's about to take the fall, once again proving that the boys in blue have no place on Revenge.
Were you surprised by the two deaths in tonight's episode? Tell us below!


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The potential demand for and strategic use of an HIV-1 vaccine in Southern India
Even a modestly effective HIV-1 vaccine would be highly useful in India and could avoid millions of deaths. How should such a vaccine be introduced? Based on eviden... Show More +
The epidemiological impact of an HIV vaccine on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Southern India
The potential epidemiological impact of preventive HIV vaccines on the HIV epidemic in Southern India is examined using a mathematical deterministic dynamic compart... Show More +


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Full Service Transsexuals Vol. 7
Ultimate TGirl Productions / Year: 2010
Available On
These five tasty teases have it all - beautiful coy smiles, tight juicy bodies bursting out of sex lingerie, and of course a big tgirl cock! Watch as these gorgeous shemale beauties break hearts and suck cocks - working their thick tranny meat and taking huge hot loads, all for your viewing pleasure!
Product Information
DetailLength 1 hrs. 29 mins.
Rating XXX
Released Oct 18 2010
Added Sep 29 2010
Production Year 2010
Empire SKU 1551821
Studio Ultimate TGirl Productions
Number of Discs 1
UPC Code 898747004012
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AccuCold by Summit Appliance introduces the PLUS Series refrigeration to provide greater temperature uniformity for general purpose and institutional use.
The FF511L7PLUSADA is a 20" wide all-refrigerator designed for freestanding use in ADA compliant settings, with a full 4.1 cu.ft. capacity. This auto defrost refrigerator includes an internal fan with gel packs for stabilized cooling. Additional features include adjustable shelves, an interior light, and hospital grade cord with a 'green dot' plug. The door includes a factory installed top-mounted lock for convenient security.
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text:
Section 4136. Joint Fillers, Sealers, and Seals
Use the type of joint fillers and sealers required in the contract documents.
4136.02 CONTRACTION JOINT SEALERS and seals.
Meet the following requirements:
Approved sources for poured joint sealers are listed in Materials I.M. 436.01, Appendix A.
1. Hot poured: Use sealers composed of petropolymers supplied in solid form and meeting the requirements of ASTM D 6690, Type IV.
2. Cold applied: Use sealers that meet the above physical requirements.
Approved backer rod sources are listed in Materials I.M. 436.04, Appendix A and B. If used in conjunction with joint sealers, obtain the Engineers approval for composition. Use backer rod meeting the following requirements:
1. When used with hot poured sealers, is capable of withstanding, without damage, the high temperatures inherent to the sealers.
2. Has a maximum of 5% absorption when immersed in water for 24 hours with the ends sealed.
3. Is of a size that compression is required for installation in the joint, so that it maintains its position during the sealing operation.
4. Is dry and kept dry during installation.
5. Is inspected and accepted according to Materials I.M. 436.04.
C. Preformed Elastomeric Joint Seal.
Apply AASHTO M 220, including requirements for lubricant adhesive. Obtain Engineers approval for the dimensions and shape.
4136.03 EXPANSION JOINT FILLERs AND SEALs.
Fill expansion joints with one of the following material types. When the type is not specified, use resilient filler.
1. Meet requirements of AASHTO M 213.
2. Furnish in strips of dimensions shown in the contract documents.
3. When the self expanding type is specifically required, use material meeting the requirements of AASHTO M 153, Type III. Use an accompanying sealer that meets the requirements of Article 4136.02, A.
4. Approved resilient filler sources are listed in Materials I.M. 436.03, Appendix A.
5. The Engineer may approve other resilient fillers.
B. Flexible Foam Expansion Joint Filler.
1. Use the size designated in the contract documents.
2. Ensure material is resistant to petroleum derivatives.
3. Comply with the requirements of ASTM D 1752, Sections 5.1 to 5.4, with Section 5.3 modified to 10 psi (0.069 MPa) minimum and 25 psi (0.173 MPa) maximum when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 42.
4. Approved sources for flexible foam expansion joint fillers are listed in Materials I.M. 436.05, Appendix A.
5. Use sealer that meets the requirements of Article 4136.02, A.
C. Tire Buffings Expansion Joint Filler.
When designated in the contract documents, use tire buffings to fill expansion joints. Comply with the following:
1. Use buffings from the tire retreading industry. Approved sources for tire buffings for expansion joints are listed in Materials I.M. 436.06, Appendix A.
2. Ensure tire buffings are clean, dry, and without any contamination.
3. Place loose and strike off level.
4. Remove compacted material and replace with loose material.
5. Use sealer that meets the requirements of Article 4136.02, A. Approved sources for sealers are listed in Materials I.M. 436.01, Appendix A.
1. Use elastomeric joint seals of the size designated in the contract documents and of a shape approved by the Engineer. Approved sources for elastomeric joint seals are listed in Materials I.M. 436.02, Appendix A. For the seal and the lubricant adhesive, meet the requirements of AASHTO M 220.
2. Seals with splices will be acceptable only when splices are made using factory type methods the Engineer approves. Comply with the following:
· Do not locate splices within 1 foot (0.3 m) of a sharp bend, when placed in final position, and
· Do not use more than one splice per finished piece.


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Texas Comptroller Susan Combs
2012-2013 Biennial Revenue Estimate
LBJ State Office Building
Austin, Texas
Monday, January 10, 2011
Good morning. Welcome. Pursuant to my Constitutional duty under Article III, Section 49a, I am delivering my estimate for the available revenue for the 2012-2013 biennium to the Legislature and Governor today.Let me begin with a brief overview.
When you add the numbers, the general revenue available for certification in 2012-2013 is $72.2 billion.
Let me tell you how we got there: All projected General Revenue comes to $77.3 billion.
Less the amount required to be set aside for future transfers to the Rainy Day Fund gives us Net General Revenue of $76.5 billion. Offsetting the estimated revenue collections is a projected negative $4.3 billion ending balance for the current biennium.
This would become the beginning balance for the 2012-2013 biennium and leaves the Legislature with the estimated $72.2 billion for general purpose spending in the next biennium.
The reason for this negative balance was the weakened economy and its impact on sales tax and other major revenue sources DURING THE LAST COUPLE OF YRS.Sales taxes account for approx. 64% of all tax revenues. These revenues dipped sharply.
I might add that there will also be over $100.5 billion in federal & other receipts, and the total of all revenue collections to the state should total $177.8 billion in the coming biennium. I want to commend the state's leadership & their foresight approximately a year ago sending the first instructions for state agencies to curtail spending.
This was followed, as you know, by a second letter in May of 2010 and most recently by another request for agencies to further curtail spending.
During the recent recession, all across Texas, consumers & businesses didn't spend money, thereby lowering tax revenues, and they also showed a marked increase in their savings rate.
The other point I would like to make is that GENERAL revenue collections during 2012-13, are expected to be $5 billion more than what we are now projecting for 2010-2011, with more than $3 billion of that gain from sales tax… thanks to the improving economy.
In the current biennium, 2010-11, we expect sales tax collections to be 6% below the previous biennium…but in 2012-2013, collections should be up by 8%.
What about the economy?
The state has not been immune to the economic forces wreaking havoc in other sections of the country. (Poster #2- employment)If you'll take a look at the poster, here on my right. This is based on the number of months that goes in a recession and this one here is the United States and this green one is the present recession that we have just come out of.
Poster #2 shows the impacts the most recent and previous recessions have had on Texas jobs. This recession (Green line) has been more severe than previous recessions. However, as you can see, we have turned the corner.
The recession's impacts began later in Texas (summer of 2008) than the U.S., which was December 2007, and Texas is recovering faster.
In fact, Texas employment has increased by more than 220,000jobs since employment returned to growth in the fall of 2009.
This represents a 51% recapture of all jobs lost, versus the US percentage of a little more than 13%. The state is on pace to recover all jobs lost in the recession by 2nd half of fiscal 2012.
Now let me take a look at this poster over here. (POSTER THREE WITH MULTIPLE INDICATORS)
Let's talk about housing.
The vibrant housing climate in Texas has turned down. From an extraordinary high in 2005 of new single family housing starts, today, housing permits are at only 40% of their peak.
This puts us back below the level of 2000, more than a decade ago. The earlier peak issuance of permits was in large part due to much different credit practices.
However with credit tightening and the mood of marked caution, the housing sector has yet to show real improvement. The green line is the personal savings rate and then it's obviously going up. And the blue line is single family and the gold line is non-residential.
What about oil and natural gas?
Crude oil prices, after hitting a low of near $50 per barrel in the spring of 2009, have been in the mid$70s to nearly $90 dollar range for many months.Prices are expected to be in the $70-$80 range throughout the 2012-13 biennium.
Natural gas prices, currently low due to abundant supply, are expected to remain in the $4-$5.00 range during the upcoming biennium.
Texas in the out years should continue to benefit from the shale production activity in the natural gas sector.
I'd like to talk generally about the state's largest tax, the sales tax.
As stated, sales tax accounts for about 64% of all TAXrevenue going to GR and 50+% of ALL revenue going to GR – it was in overdrive during the middle years of the last decade.
Specifically, construction, oil and gas and consumer sectors were the major drivers.
Fiscal 2006 saw sales tax receipts soar 12% over 2005, and FY 2007 saw those receipts up yet another 10.9%.
Fiscal 2008 was more than 6%.
Then the recession came and FY09 saw the receipts decline 2.7% from 2008 and FY10 saw a further drop, of 6.6% from 2009. These revenue drops had the effect on tax revenue we have discussed.
Construction, as I pointed out, was one of the three most active sales tax sources because of construction materials. So when new single family housing permits went from a peak in 2005 of 166,000 to about 62,000 in2010, that was a major drop in sales tax receipts from construction items.
Consumers in mid 2000 decade were spending at a new rate with virtually no savings. That has changed with savings rates at near 5%. Earlier they were buying new houses, and filling them with furniture, driving up those tax receipts. YOU CAN SEE THIS CLEARLY ON POSTER 3.
With respect to sales taxes paid by the oil and gas industry –crude oil prices went from a yearly average of $30 in 2003 to a whopping yearly average of $101 in 2008—then fell to an average of about $64 in 2009.
Fiscal 2010 saw an average price of $76 per barrel. This rise and fall in prices drove a corresponding rise and fall in activity which in turn affected sales tax revenues. More or less the same pattern was observed with natural gas.
In a general sense, the higher oil and natural gas prices are, the more dollars go into the Rainy Day Fund as well at the General Revenue Fund. At the end of the 2010-2011 biennium, which is August 31, 2011, the Rainy Fund should have about $8.2B.
Adding to the fund, over the course of 2012-13, will be two more of these transfers of oil and natural gastaxes. All told, the Fund would have approximately $9.4 billion in its balance at the end of 2012-13, absent any appropriations that might be made by the 82nd Legislature.
By way of history, from 1990 through 2010, money has been appropriated out of the fund in excess of $100 million in only 6 fiscal yrs.
And as you can see, it has a very volatile history due to price variations.
I want to stress that the Rainy Day Fund is not a reliable source of additional annual funding for the state's needs.
It appears the state's economy has turned the corner; however, signs of sustained and robust growth are not yet broad-based. The outlook I am releasing today, for both state revenue and the economic picture, is for tempered growth. And I would urge lawmakers to continue their historical practice of careful budget deliberations.
There are many national and international observers who have used the phrase 'the new normal' to describe spending and business patterns. This phrase would predict a more moderate and restrained economy for at least the next several years.


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text: Davidson Elementary School started a new tradition this month, with its very own Spirit Rock. Meanwhile, Bailey Middle School students host Family Fun Night Friday to raise money for a Habitat build project, Community School of Davidson students perform a Hunger Games-inspired dance, St. Mark Catholic Students fast to learn about world hunger, and North Mecklenburg High School ninth-grader Emma Boraks reflects on a unique science trip to the Outer Banks. Read below for details. Read the full story


text:
By sundown yesterday, an overwhelming majority of Ghanaians warmed up to the idea that Mrs. Betty Mould Iddrissu, the second wife of the former Minister of Defence, Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu, should be the overwhelming choice for Speaker of the 230 member of Ghana's 5th parliament of the 4th Republic.
But a strong caucus of experienced, elderly but influential members of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) rebuffed the proposition and put forward the name of 68 year-Joyce Bamford Addo, from Aburi in the Eastern region, for the job.
The respected Supreme Court judge, Mrs. Joyce Bamford Addo, has now been rewarded for her patience and her dignified bearing, when the late Justice Acquah was leapfrogged over her and appointed Chief Justice.
She took a premature retirement, and did not utter a word. She merely quit though she could have stayed on till she hit three score and ten, but preferred to keep her dignity, because she reckoned she will never rise to be Chief Justice under an NPP administration, on account of her sympathies towards the National Democratic Congress.
She retired to become an active grand mother superintending over her grand-children from her five children, who are in their late 30s. She was once married to one Mr. Abankwa, with whom she had three children and then the late Major General Addo, who also died a few years ago.
Sources who know her, say she is not a brainstorming Justice Kpegah look-alike, in terms of temperament, but a generally fair minded person, a lady who takes time to dust her nose and apply mascara delicately, before she goes to court. Apart from playing grandma, she now reads and occasional writes, until this unexpected job as the third most powerful person in the land.
"We would be looking outside for someone," Hon. Alban Bagbin, the tough but widely respected youthful former Minority leader was quoted as saying on TV3, last Monday.
This makes Justice Bamfo-Addo one of the few fortunate women across the world to have had the opportunity to serve as Speaker of Parliament. She is thus the first woman in the West African sub-region to rise to this enviable position. She only comes after the likes of Betty Boothroyed and Nancy Pelosi, who managed to rise to these respective positions in the United Kingdom and United States respectively.
Boothroyed served as the first, and to date the only woman Speaker of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom between 1992 and 2000, whilst Pelosi made history in 2007, breaking the marble ceiling to become the first woman to serve as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. As the highest-ranking elected woman in American history, she is second in the line of presidential succession.
Building consensus across the aisle and within the diverse House Democratic Caucus, Speaker Pelosi has proved to be a strong, pragmatic and effective leader. With Speaker Pelosi at the helm, the 110th Congress has built an impressive record that focused on the priorities of the American people and brought the needed change to Washington and across the country.
Betty Mould-Iddrisu on the other hand is a Ghanaian lawyer and versatile scholar with a graduate degree in law (LMM) from the London School of Economics and Political Science, (LSE), University of London in 1978 and a BL from the Ghana Law School.
Her father, Mr. William Jacob Kwesi Mould hails from Jamestown, Accra, while her mother, Madam Felicia Mould (nee Gsell) hails from Ejuratia (Kwabre District), Ashanti (near Mamponten, Mampong) She is married with three children.
She worked at Ghana's Ministry of Justice from 1978 till 2003 in several capacities rising to the rank of Chief State Attorney. In view of her expertise in Intellectual Property Law she headed the administration of Intellectual Property Rights (Copyright) in Ghana and the administration of authors' rights at the African regional level between1990 - 2000. From 2000 - 2003 she was in charge of the Ministry's International Law Division where she spearheaded several cutting edge legal initiatives.
In 2003 she was appointed the Director of the Legal and Constitutional Affairs Division of the Commonwealth Secretariat, an intergovernmental organization comprising 53 member states based in London. In that connection, she oversees the implementation of wide ranging mandates by the Legal Division from the Commonwealth's Heads of State, Law Ministers and Chief Justices.
Meanwhile, credible information reaching The Chronicle indicates that Hon. Alban himself is tipped to be the Majority Leader on account of his razor sharp wits and depth of knowledge on the arcane of parliamentary practice, with Mr. John Tia as his Deputy.
MP for Ningo-Prampram, Mr. E. T. Mensah is also tipped for the position of Majority Chief Whip, whilst MP for North Dayi, Akua Sena Dansua is set to be the Deputy Majority Whip, with the position of second deputy whip set to be filled today.
On the other side of Parliament, the choice of Second Deputy Speaker has been narrowed to Professor Mike Oquaye and Papa Owusu Ankomah.
Hon. Oquaye is the MP for Dome Kwabenya and a founding member of New Patriotic Party. He entered Parliament on January 7, 2005. Prior to that, he served as Ghana"s High Commissioner to India between 2001 and 2004.
He was also the Minister for Environment and Science from 2004-2005, Minister for Energy from 2005 to 2006 and was Minister for Communication from 2006, until he resigned in July 2007 to contest the NPP flagbearership position which he lost.
Hon. Owusu-Ankomah, sometimes referred to as the 'quiet dynamo' of Ghanaian politics has distinguished himself as the Attorney-General of Ghana and become recognized as one of the most seasoned lawyers in the country. He was the managing partner in the practice of Owusu-Ankomah, Amanquah & Co., prior to becoming a full-time politician when the New Patriotic Party took office in 2001.
As a lawyer, Papa Owusu-Ankomah is renowned for his work on behalf of activists of the New Patriotic Party, some of whom have been wrongfully persecuted as they tried to exercise their constitutional rights. Papa's service to the N.P.P. goes far beyond donating his legal services, as important as this was at the time.
MP for Suame, Mr. Osei Kyei Mensah Bonsu is set to hold the position of Minority leader. He comes from Bronkong-Afrancho (Kumasi) in the Ashanti Region and married with four children. He holds a B.Sc. (Planning) KNUST. He is a Christian and an Urban Planner by profession.
At press time yesterday, the members of the minority were said to be juggling the positions of Deputy Minority leader, Minority Chief whip and Deputy Minority whip.


text:
Photography, an art of capturing the still images has stunned the world since its invention and still turning heads. Cameras have come a long way since they first invented in 19th century. The technology continuously evolved giving birth to more and more compact digital cameras with lot of advanced features and there is no doubt that it will continue to evolve for many more years to come.
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1 yr ago - Samsung GT-I9500
Camera Terms..wow it shows every details used in it


text:
Narrow your search
Harvard law professor says that controlling third-party platforms may put companies in a gate-keeping position that could stifle innovation.
Stuck in a side hall in the Las Vegas Convention Center, using borrowed equipment and sharing two power outlets among four power hungry devices, we somehow pulled off a podcast.
Apple's new App Store has loads of freebies. Here's a look at five you'll definitely want to check out.


text:
Google Now, now comes to the Android core apps search to provide "More of the information you need, at just the right time." The update to the Google search apps brings more from Google's popular search technology to Android users home and lock screens.
Users can use the feature in the phone only needs Android 4.1 Jelly Bean OS or above. Now the Google search queries updated automatically to show weather, sports scores, calendar appointments, and other useful information that users can search.
Other features comes with the updated app, per the changelog:
- Movie passes from Fandango
- Movies now include ratings from Rotten Tomatoes
- Real estate listings from Zillow when in the market for a home
- Music button when a song is playing in voice mode (U.S. only)
- Support for U.S. college sports
"When Google Now first launched last summer, we promised it was just the beginning, and it would continue to get better at delivering you more of the information you need, before you even ask," the company said in a blog post. "This is the fourth update since launch, and we're just getting started!
The updated app will show you with nearby real estate listings from Zillow. The app also shows the flight timings, automatically pulls up your boarding pass when arrive at the airport, and will also show weather of the next travel destination. To make the app more useful, Google has invited new partners to make all information easier to access.
The update app is already available in the Google Play Store for download, to download click Here.


text:
Welcome to my Blog!
I'm delighted to have you visiting.
This blog was created by Sonia, who is the owner of "The Entrepreneur's Mindset" blog. I would like to tell you in brief about myself and the reason I created this blog. After I graduated from college, I went inquest of getting a top paying job that would provide financial stability, enhance my personal growth and personal development, and eventually catapult me to unknown heights. This article gives a brief description about Sonia and how it relates to me.
I did find that job which was very rewarding with a lot of benefits and security. When I started the job I was placed in a leadership and management position. I worked that job for a x amount years satisfactorily, and got some commendations relating to my ability and performance in terms of executing my duties. I received those commendations because I truly believe in myself that I can accomplish whatever goals and objectives I have established.
How I Incorporate The Right Mindset & Personal Development To Maintain My Focus
However, as time marches on, a new management personal was hired and replaced the previous one. I had no problem working with anyone in leadership, but as soon as the new leader came on board, I realized that he was a bit apprehensive and felt threatened for absolutely no reason as far as I am concerned. I am not saying this in any way offensive, or to even brag about anything, but just to show and highlight that anyone can excel even under unfavorable circumstances by creating that "Right Mindset" that will assist your "Personal Development," and "Personal Growth" to cope.
In essence, I truly believe and convince that these characteristics when implemented, lead to Personal Success and achievement.
The only factor that came to my was that he probably saw that I was a no-nonsense person and would get the job done even under adverse condition which to me was the whole objective. I did not let any personal feeling affect me in any way whatsoever, but firmly believe that there was a difference in "Doing The Right Thing" and "Doing Things Right." of which I chose to do "The Right Thing." I discovered that to be successful you must develop the right mindset, a positive attitude, maintain your focus, and create a personal vision and a passion as your road map.
The Reason I created This Blog
It was at this juncture I discovered my innate ability that I was self motivated and driven by my passion which is to be persistent and consistent. I also recognized that I was very passionate about "Personal Development" and "Personal Growth." As a result these ingredients became the foundation of my thinking that insulates and help me to development my "Mindset" in a very profound, real, and logical way which has driven me to create my blog (The Entrepreneur's Mindset) and share with others my vision and passion that has led me to think positively, and I might add, "Think and Grow Rich," according to "Napoleon Hill." The following paragraphs will give a brief overview and account of the reasons I created my blog.
The Dynamic & Driving Force Behind My Blog Creation
The Entrepreneurs Mindset blog is created on the premise to help entrepreneurs discover their true innate potential and transform it in the most viable way to create online wealth, at the same time helping other people to do the same. My blog also focuses on the core component which is Personal development and Personal Growth as the key ingredients and dynamic driving force to achieve your goals
My blog presents a wealth of useful posts. These posts are designed to help you establish the core foundation of personal development on which to build your internet marketing business, experience, and your blogging success.
Personal Development is of paramount importance to all marketers and entrepreneurs blogger. It is also synonymous with success, and is very crucial to the Entrepreneur's Mindset in order to achieve and attain your Goals and Objective.
Personal development affects every area of a successful and potential business entrepreneur's mindset, which is the main reason I am embracing and introducing such vital commodity and ingredients
My Objective
It is my passion and love for what I do best that drives me to invest a piece of myself from an educational perspective, to contribute my time and ability, to share my Tips, Ideas, and advice with audiences who are in search or quest of quality content with value that is in demand to fulfill and satisfy the need, and solve a problem that has been created.
One great philosopher states, that Greatness is achieved by doing Service to the Many. Also, Success is not Pursued, but attracted by you becoming an Attractive Person.


text:
Zhang, H; Alexander, DC; Dyrby, TB; (2011) Axon diameter mapping in crossing fibers with diffusion MRI. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) , 6892 LNCS (PART 2) 82 - 89. 10.1007/978-3-642-23629-7_11.
Full text not available from this repository.
This paper proposes a technique for a previously unaddressed problem, namely, mapping axon diameter in crossing fiber regions, using diffusion MRI. Direct measurement of tissue microstructure of this kind using diffusion MRI offers a new class of biomarkers that give more specific information about tissue than measures derived from diffusion tensor imaging. Most existing techniques for axon diameter mapping assume a single axon orientation in the tissue model, which limits their application to only the most coherently oriented brain white matter, such as the corpus callosum, where the single orientation assumption is a reasonable one. However, fiber crossings and other complex configurations are widespread in the brain. In such areas, the existing techniques will fail to provide useful axon diameter indices for any of the individual fiber populations. We propose a novel crossing fiber tissue model to enable axon diameter mapping in voxels with crossing fibers. We show in simulation that the technique can provide robust axon diameter estimates in a two-fiber crossing with the crossing angle as small as 45° . Using ex vivo imaging data, we further demonstrate the feasibility of the technique by establishing reasonable axon diameter indices in the crossing region at the interface of the cingulum and the corpus callosum. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.
|Axon diameter mapping in crossing fibers with diffusion MRI
|UCL classification:
|UCL > School of BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Computer Science
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