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Original Grey Armor
this wiki
|Original Grey Armor
|Technical Information:
Created By: Stan Lee
1st Issue Released:
Tales of Suspense #39 (March 1963)
|Armor Information:
Designer/Creator: Tony Stark
Users: Tony Stark
Armor Class: Original Grey Armor
Model Number: Model 01
Mark Number: Mark 1
Color Scheme: Grey
Status: Unknown
Main Systems: Electrical Power Supply
Weapons: Repulsors
Defense Systems: Magnetism
Special Features: --
Other Features: Peacemaker
Preceded by: None
Followed by: Golden Armor
The Mark I Armor was created by Tony Stark and Asian scientist Ho Yinsen based upon a prototype military heavy combat battlesuit designed by Stark himself. It was primarily used as a means of escape from the Sin-Cong terrorist organization.
The armor was created by Tony Stark, with the help of Ho Yinsen, when he was captured by terrorists in Afghanistan. The armor possessed an electromagnet in order to keep shrapnel from reaching Stark's heart, and it was used by him to escape captivity and avenge Yinsen's death at the hands of their captors.
When he returned to the United States, Stark perfectioned this armor into a second version technologically upgraded, which was Mark II.
Transportation Systems:
- Boot-Jets: Iron Man had miniature electrically powered pressurized air jets built into his boots, which allowed him to make jet-assisted leaps.
Defensive Systems:
- Magnetism: Iron Man's armor was equipped with an array of miniature electromagnetic generators that allowed him to manipulate magnetic fields for a variety of effects:
- Jamming - Iron Man could generate electromagnetic interference which could be used to jam transmissions or disrupt the function of nearby electrical equipment.
- Reverse Magnetism - Iron Man could redirect the path of ferrous projectiles in flight.
Power Systems:
- Electrical Power Supply: Iron Man's armor was powered by a flat array of miniature batteries built into its chest plate. He could recharge these batteries by plugging his chest plate into any electrical source.
Medical Systems:
- Pacemaker: Iron Man's chest-plate contained an external pacemaker that electronically stimulated his injured heart, forcing it to function while worn.
Secondary Systems: Iron Man's armor was equipped with a variety of secondary systems:
- Suction Cups: Iron Man's gauntlets could be fitted with detachable suction cups that allowed him to adhere to smooth surfaces.
- Finger Saw: Iron Man's gauntlets were equipped with a variety of retractable cutting devices capable of cutting through wood and soft metals.
- Lubrication System: Iron Man's armor was equipped with a lubrication system that could be used to quirt low pressure streams of oil.
- Blow Torch: Iron Man's armor was equipped with a miniature blow torch.
- This armor was repainted to become the Golden Armor.
- While the Golden Armor was originally the same suit as the Original Grey Armor, Tony Stark has one of each color in his armor archive (as seen in, e.g., Marvel Knights Spider-Man #20, where we see May Parker in the grey suit and Mary Jane Watson Parker in the gold suit.). Presumably, Stark recreated the grey armor out of nostalgia.
- There are no current trivia available on this topic, as of the moment.
- There are no References to display.
External LinksEdit
- There are no External Links to display.


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Ryan was home for Thanksgiving, and he just kept walking up to me and saying, "It's a big hat, it's funny." He mimed the chewing of the gum and everything, and we just started randomly saying it to each other all weekend.
I mention that so you have some context for this:
Of all the Celebrity Jeopardy sketches on SNL, this one is my all-time favorite. Norm MacDonald is just perfect.
Here's an alternate link to funny or die for those of you who are outside the US.
(And as long as I'm linking to SNL videos: Extreme Challenge. I was "meh" on this at first, but it gets funnier every time I watch it.)

subset: commoncrawl


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When providing either type of home-based family preservation services to any family, the department of human services or contractor shall provide trained personnel who shall be available during nonworking hours to assist families on an emergency basis.
Note: WV Code updated with legislation passed through the 2014 1st Special Session
The WV Code Online is an unofficial copy of the annotated WV Code, provided as a convenience. It has NOT been edited for publication, and is not in any way official or authoritative.


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2 Comments
Perhaps Wayanne went crazy when she woke up and saw what her plastic surgeon did to her tits. Worst.boob.job.ever.
You'd think before making a trip based on a rumor, you'd at least utilize one of the most loyal and organized fan bases on the planet. Had they gone to one concert, to the parking lot which turns into a mini city, word would have spread all over the country. The fans consider each other family. No one would protect a kidnapper, and if the child had been seen by anyone they would turn the people who had her in. They would never protect something like that, anything that would make deadheads or their favorite band look bad. So why is she trying to find random deadheads and ask them one at a time. There are millions of them, Haleigh will be 80 years old at the rate they are going. Her boobs won't last that long.


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Bryan Packer
(801) 501-2795
Alta View Hospital Women's Center in Sandy has launched a new program to pamper new moms while they're in the hospital: New moms and their partners are now served a gourmet dinner the night before they return to their homes.
In their rooms, their table is set with a tablecloth, flowers, and silverware with cloth napkins and goblets filled with sparkling apple cider. They are given the choice of four different entrées — steak, salmon, cordon bleu, or a vegetarian entrée — and side dishes including baked potatoes, salad, steamed vegetables, and a roll. They are also able to choose either chocolate divine mousse cake or amaretto mousse cake for dessert.
The new mom's caregiver serves the meal. Mom and her partner are able to eat their meal in a private, quiet setting before they return home to a busier life as new parents or to other children who are waiting for a new sibling.
"New moms say they love the new service," says Becky Kapp, Alta View's administrator. "It's a nice way to honor new moms the night before they leave the hospital with their new bundles of joy."
As part of the new program, new moms also receive a comfortable plush robe with the Alta View Hospital Women's Center logo embroidered on it after they have delivered their babies. The robes aren't always a luxury: Many don't think to bring one or they've rushed to get to Alta View once they've gone into labor and have forgotten one.
Nurses at the hospital say that after nine months of pregnancy, new moms appreciate the personal touches Alta View provides.
"The response from the moms to the new program has been very positive. We want them to feel comfortable and at home while they're here," says Lori Eining, assistant manager of the Alta View Hospital Women's Center. "We want to make this a very positive experience for mom, dad, and other family members."
Alta View Hospital Women's Center is also making physical improvements to help provide a more comfortable experience for the new moms, including a larger, updated nurses station, new flooring and paint in common areas, and future remodeling of patient rooms.
Alta View Hospital Women's Center delivers an average of 195 babies per month. It has eight labor and delivery/recovery rooms, 26 postpartum rooms, and two operating rooms for cesarean births.


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Toxoplasmosis is a common infection in people, birds, and animals
that often is not noticed or may cause mild flu-like symptoms. But the
infection can cause problems for a fetus (when the mother becomes infected) and
for people who have weakened immune systems.
Human infection usually happens when a person eats food that
contains the toxoplasmosis parasite, such as undercooked meat from an infected
animal. You also can get infected by touching an infected cat or its feces.
Most people develop an immunity during the 2 months after the infection.
Last Revised:
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Healthwise Staff
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HI Wendy
Saving the textures as a DS4 Material pre-set (DUF) format from DS4.5 will import into the Carrara 8.5 beta,. but… there seems to be an issue here,.. on my system it instantly says "loading .... 100%" and it sits there doing nothing,.. (but task manager says that Carrara is still working) ...it takes 25 min's (on my system) to then change to Loading… 50% (from 100%) then, after a about 30 min's It'll actually finish loading the textures / shaders onto the Super-suit.
Loading in the Shaping pre-set as "Duf" format, takes only a couple of seconds
Loading other DUF Material pre-sets, like Genesis skin textures happen pretty quickly, so, as far as I can see, it's an issue with the Supersuit materials.
Loading a saved DS4 Scene with Genesis, the Super suit, and shape and textures, takes only a couple of minutes,. but,. as far as I can see, the shaders are set up wrong on the suit,. (100% reflection) and with the amount of different shaders on the Supersuit it's probably going to take longer to adjust those manually, than it would to load in the Material preset, and have a coffee break while it's doing that.
Once you have the shader loaded,. you can save it as a Carrara "Global" shader to your browser,. then it's an easy load from there into any other scene.


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Are we headed towards an apocalypse? First an asteroid comes close to the Earth, then the British start eating horse and now
the Pope resigns. Resigning is something that Popes very rarely do. That last time it was done voluntarily was by Celestine V in 1294; Gregory XII stepped down under political pressure in 1415. By contrast, John Paul II remained in his position regardless of his declining health a testament to the mans extraordinary will power.
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Creative MacBook Stickers
Posted on July 23, 2012 by molly
This is what Snow White would look like after taking a bite of apple. Interesting! This post presents to you a collection of cool MacBook stickers, showing that you can a lot of fun with your MacBook. Please leave a comment and tell me which one is your favorite.
source: boredpanda


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News & Public Affairs
Malaysian Political Cartoonist Under Threat From Government; US Political Cartoonists Gather In St. Pete07/07/11 Robert Lorei
Radioactivity: Live Call-In (Monday)
Good morning, welcome to Radioactivity. I'm Rob Lorei. Coming up today we'll talk with several political cartoonists. "Zunar" has been a political cartoonist in Malaysia for more than 20 years. He's targeted politicians, judges and business leaders. For his depictions of the prime minister he was jailed for two days. His cartoons have been blacked out by newspapers and book collections of his cartoons have been confiscated. later we'll hear from Pulitzer Prize winning cartoonists Clay Bennett...Be the first to comment
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information. Advanced technologies enable new ways of displaying and communicating individualized warnings to improve the efficiency of the warning process. In the spirit of the recent National Research Council report, Fair Weather (NRC, 2003), this should be done in cooperation with the private sector. In addition, in partnership with the media and emergency management officials, the NWS should continue to educate the public about the risks of flash flooding.
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
500 Fifth St. N.W. | Washington, D.C. 20001
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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"6 Flash Flood Warning Process in Los Angeles and Ventura Counties."
Flash Flood Forecasting Over Complex Terrain: With an Assessment of the Sulphur Mountain NEXRAD in Southern California.
Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005.
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|Business and Social Sciences Division
|Summer 2015
|1 hour lecture.
|1 Unit
|Total Quarter Learning Hours: 12 (Total of All Lecture, Lecture/Lab, and Lab hours X 12)
|Lecture Hours: 1
|Lab Hours:
|Note: If Lab hours are specified, see item 10. Lab Content below.
|Repeatability -
|Not Repeatable.
|Status -
|Course Status: Inactive
|Grading: Letter Grade with P/NP option
|Degree Status: Applicable
|Credit Status: Credit
|Degree or Certificate Requirement: Stand Alone Course
|GE Status: Non-GE
|Articulation Office Information -
|Transferability: CSU
|Validation: 12/14/10
|1. Description -
|Study of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) science and its applications to spatial data management. Assessment of vector and raster systems, scale, resolution, map projection and coordinate systems. Applications and uses of GIS and data visualization in the classroom and in and out of the classroom. Integration of technology intensive curriculum with the traditional classroom model.
|Prerequisite: None
|Co-requisite: None
|Advisory: Not open to students with credit in GEOG 90A.
|2. Course Objectives -
|The student will be able to:
|3. Special Facilities and/or Equipment -
|PC Computer facilities and ESRI's Arc View software (or comparable vector and raster GIS software). Occasional use of Macintosh computer facilities. Internet access.
|4. Course Content (Body of knowledge) -
|5. Repeatability - Moved to header area.
|6. Methods of Evaluation -
|Laboratory projects
|7. Representative Text(s) -
|Clarke, Keith., Getting Started with Geographic Information Systems. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2010.
|8. Disciplines -
|Geography or Drafting or Environmental Technologies or Forestry/Natural Resources
|9. Method of Instruction -
|Lecture presentations and classroom discussion. Demonstrations and hands-on exercises. Reading assignments.
|10. Lab Content -
|Not applicable.
|11. Honors Description - No longer used. Integrated into main description section.
|12. Types and/or Examples of Required Reading, Writing and Outside of Class Assignments -
|Reading Assignments: Weekly reading assignments from text and outside sources; Hands on Exercises and demonstrations: Weekly computer exercises. Each exercise covers assigned reading and lecture topics.
|13. Need/Justification -
|This is an important course to teach spatial reasoning and critical thinking skills.
|Course status:
|Last updated:
|2015-03-03 10:44:37


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- Victoria, David Beckham Celebrate 16 Years of Marriage With Adorable Family Photo: See Their Gorgeous Children! Us Weekly - 25 minutes ago
Victoria and David Beckham celebrated their 16th wedding anniversary with an adorable photo of their entire family -- see their precious kid … More »Victoria, David Beckham Celebrate 16 Years of Marriage With Adorable Family Photo: See Their Gorgeous Children!
- Nicholas Brendon Wants Dr. Drew's Help, Buffy Star Says He's Battling Depression Us Weekly - 1 hour 10 minutes ago
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- NKOTB Encourage Fans to Go Commando: "We Don't Take Ourselves Too Seriously" Us Weekly - 3 hours ago
- 'Back to the Future': Director, Stars, Producers Reveal 10 Secrets You Didn't Know The Hollywood Reporter - 11 hours ago
As the Robert Zemeckis-directed film celebrates 30 years since its release, the movie's team takes a look back at its surprisingly rocky production.
- Summer Guide to Broadway: First Looks, Family-Friendly Shows and Tony-Winning Dramas The Hollywood Reporter - 11 hours ago
THR breaks down what's buzzy on Broadway, including ballet-driven romance, irreverent religious satire, heartwarming musicals and even an early contender for the 2016 Tonys.
- Billy Joel Weds Alexis Roderick (Report) The Hollywood Reporter - 13 hours ago
The couple reportedly wed in a Long Island ceremony.
- Vanessa Williams Marries Jim Skrip on Fourth of July: Wedding Details Us Weekly - 14 hours ago
- UK's Osborne to hit BBC to fund welfare cuts: Sunday Times Reuters - 15 hours ago
British finance minister George Osborne plans to launch a 650 million pound raid on the BBC to help cover the country's benefits bill, forcing the corporation to meet the cost of free television licences for the over-75s, the Sunday Times said. It quoted senior government sources as saying a deal is close that will force …
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'The Big Bang Theory' Recap: Penny and Sheldon Fall in Love With Each Other?!Thu, Feb 26, 2015 11:48 PM PST
'Empire' Recap: Cookie's Family AffairThu, Feb 26, 2015 6:03 AM PST


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ABC Sport News
ABC Sport News
Source: ABC News | Duration: 1min 31sec
Kim Ledger says his son, actor Heath Ledger, was struggling with a chest infection and was about to meet Steven Spielberg when he died of intoxication by prescription drugs. Kim Ledger is an ambassador for ScriptWise - a non-profit organisation established to raise awareness about the increasing epidemic of prescription medication misuse and addiction. Via ABC's #TalkAboutIt program.
By political reporter Anna Henderson
Australia's political and Indigenous leaders will need to find common ground on a referendum for recognition in the constitution.
By Grandstand's Gerard Whateley
He might have spent his life in football yet we were really only just getting to know Phil Walsh, writes Grandstand's Gerard Whateley.
A photograph of an elderly man collapsed on the ground openly crying in despair outside a Greek bank captivates people around the world.


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The Graduate Student Association at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center invites you to take part in the Research Vendor Show as part of the GREAT Symposium. The Research Vendor Show is scheduled for Thursday, April 3, 2014 from 9:00 am to 1:00 pm in the Robert M. Bird Library Foyer.
The symposium is a 4-day event which highlights the research activities of graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Student participants include students in the Colleges of Allied Health, Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, and Public Health.
The vendor show occurs concurrently with other events that draw research faculty, post-doctoral fellows, technicians, and graduate students to the Library Building during the hours of the show. Sigma Xi, a national scientific honor society, will host a kick off breakfast for the Vendor Show. Additionally, a poster viewing session is scheduled the morning of the show which draws a wide variety of attendees. Finally, a campus-wide lunch is scheduled during the vendor show followed by the keynote address and awards ceremony.
Registration deadline is February 17, 2014. Upon receipt of your registration, further information regarding the show will be emailed to you. Please contact Becky Mosley, in the Graduate College, at 405-271-2085 or email@example.com with questions or special needs not addressed on the registration form.


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Valve's The International 2013 Dota 2 Championships doubled last year's record viewership and peaked at a simultaneous online viewership of over 1 million gamers, Valve announced today.
The 1 million peak simultaneous figure is made up of those who watched through Twitch, Gamefy in China, and Valve's own services. It does not include viewers who watched through international broadcasts or other means.
The International 3 came roughly 100,000 viewers short of tying the all-time eSports record set by Riot's League Championship Series Season 2 finals with 1.1 million.
Competitive gaming team Alliance from Sweden picked up $1.43 million after finishing first place in this year's tournament.
The International 3 event kicked off on August 3, with 16 of the best Dota 2 teams flown in from around the world to compete. The event was hosted at Benaroya Hall in Seattle, Washington.
The prize pool for The International 3 totaled $2.87 million, establishing its record as the largest prize pool for a single competitive gaming event. Nearly 400,000 people tuned in live for the first day of the event, and 600,000 on the second and third days, surpassing last year's peak numbers.
For more about the event, check out GameSpot's coverage of The International 2013.
Additional reporting by Rod Breslau.


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The ancient Egyptians developed art forms that were both interesting and elegant. In fact, Egyptian decorations are so distinctive and appealing that people enjoy them more than 3,000 years after the pharaohs walked the banks of the Nile. One of the reasons why Egyptian decor continues to be so popular is because it looks absolutely regal. Much of the decor is clad in bright golden colors with jet black highlights and makes a royal statement no matter where it is put on display. Once such wall decor item is the Tutankhamen at Hunt in his Chariot Wall Sculpture. This elegant wall decor shows the same hunting scene depicted on a feathered fan discovered in the tomb of the famous boy king.
The Grand Anubis Lidded Urn showcases the bright colors and imagery of ancient Egypt. It adds ancient regal character wherever it is put on display but looks best when shown on stunning Egyptian furniture such as the Royal Egyptian Cheetahs Sculptural Glass-Topped Console. These items are certainly stunning but the pinnacle of royal Egyptian decor just might be a replica of King Tutankhamen's Egyptian Throne Chair. When you put this splendid throne in your living room, it will certainly take center stage.


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Does objective reality exist? Is there an underlying truth that doesn't depend on the observer?
According to quantum physics, there may be no consistent reality. Not only do we change the outcome of experiments by what we choose to measure, but we can alter those results after they've already happened.
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We are pleased to welcome PipRebate's customers to our web-site and express our appreciation of your interest in our services.We are the leading provider of forex Pip Rebates.we are paid a pip rebate by brokerages to refer business.When you open a broker account through us, we earn a commission on your trades.PIPREBATE.com pays you a rebate direct from your broker on every trade you make, WIN OR LOSE!We pass that pip rebate back to you which means you earn cash on a monthly basis for doing what you already are doing – trading!we GUARANTEE Your spread do not increase!We are always trying to have the best service and highest rebate rates in this industry for you.All times we are ready to help you, call, chat or email.
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Asus X59GL
SpecificationsNotebook: Asus X59GL
Processor: Intel Core 2 Duo T5800
Graphics Adapter: NVIDIA GeForce 8200M G
Display: 15.4 inch, 16:10, 1280x800 pixels, glossy: yes
Weight: 2.7kg
Price: 500 euro
Reviews for the Asus X59GL
Source: Inside HW
Trump card of ASUS X59GL is, definitely, its price (around 445€) and two year guarantee period. Its performances are sufficient for business and less demanding home users (SOHO). At the same time you shouldn't underestimate ASUS X59GL, because it has DualCore CPU which makes it significantly faster than almost all Celeron variants. Users that search for easily portable notebook for internet, movies, music and Office applications can absolutely rely on ASUS X59GL.
Leistung 70, Mobilität 80
Single Review, online available, Long, Date: 03/04/2009
Rating: performance: 70% mobility: 80%
NVIDIA GeForce 8200M G: The 8200 MG is a reduced 9100M G (only Single Channel memory and only PureVideo HD VP2).
Only some 3D games with very low demands are playable with these cards.
» Further information can be found in our Comparison of Mobile Graphics Cards and the corresponding Benchmark List.
Intel Core 2 Duo: This is the Core Duo and Core Solo successor with a longer pipeline and 5-20% more speed without more power consumption. As an addition to the Core Duo design there exists a fourth decoder, an amplified SSE-unit and an additional arithmetical logical unit (ALU).
The Core 2 Duo for laptops is identical to the desktop Core 2 Duo processors but the notebook-processors work with lower voltages (0.95 to 1188 Volt) and a lower Frontside bus clock (1066 vs 667 MHz). The performance of equally clocked notebooks is 20-25% lower than Desktop PCs because of the lower Frontside bus clock and the slower hard disks.
T5800: Entry level dual core processor based on the Merom core without Virtualization support and a low maximum temperature.» Further information can be found in our Comparison of Mobile Processsors.
15.4": 15 inch display-variants are the standard and are used for more than the half of all notebooks. 15.4 inch display with 16:10 are the standard for notebook displays. Nowadays, more and more 16:9 displays with 15.6 inch appear. The reason why so many people like displays with medium size is, that this size is not exhausting for the eyes, does not need too much energy and the laptops can be kept quite compact.» To find out how fine a display is, see our DPI List.
2.7 kg: This notebook is lighter than the average of all notebooks. It is too heavy for sub-notebooks. 14 inch displays are normal for this class of weight.
Asus: ASUSTeK Computer Incorporated, a Taiwanese multinational company, produces motherboards, graphics cards, optical drives, PDAs, computer monitors, notebook computers, servers, networking products, mobile phones, computer cases, computer components, and computer cooling systems. The company's 2007 revenues reached US$6.9 billion. ASUS also produces components for other manufacturers. The Eee PC initiated the netbook boom in 2008.
» Further information can be found in our Notebook Purchase Guide.


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25 year old man | Chandler, AZ, USA | Seeking men 18-30 within 25 miles
Looking for friends/dates and more :)
I'm Ryan -- a guy who just got his Bachelor's and Master's degree back in Indiana and started his first full-time job as an Engineer at a large semiconductor company in Chandler. I'm new to this area so I'd love to meet some nice people and make some new friends. Maybe you could show me around this area and Phoenix? :) I'm outgoing and love to talk with others. Chatting about school, work, TV shows, movies, music, news, even trivial things...You'll never get bored staying with me, and I'm a good listener too if you like to talk. (For those who are interested in MBTI test, I'm an ENFJ type.) I enjoy a wide selection of music, and like to play guitar, keyboard, and sing. I frequently stay in my room practicing some nice songs or listen to the music while surfing online. Some of my favorite bands are Coldplay, Muse, Keane, Oasis, OneRepublic, etc. Speaking of sports, I don't play much basketball or football (Just because not really good at that). I do enjoy playing tennis, pool, badminton, bowling, hiking and racket ball. I work out regularly, and I'm going to bike to work when the weather starts to cool down.. I'm really goal-oriented and looking to realize my dream for the future. I'm excited about getting approached to my future goal with my efforts. Ideally I hope my other half think in the same way from this aspect. I'm looking for some people who are nice, reliable and sharing some common interests with me. Probably a relationship would be expected after then. Hopefully you're the one I've been waiting for. :)
Cooking , Music and concerts , Playing sports , Video games
Billiards / Pool, Bowling, Other types of exercise, Tennis / Racquet sports, VolleyBall
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Birds, Dogs
I've always been thinking about raising a dog, but due to my work schedule I don't have much time to take care of him/her. Hopefully after I found someone who's willing to raise a dog together I'll gladly do it.
Sedona, AZ (Mysterious view and great hiking spot); Payson (Great place to cool off during the summer); Lake Pleasant (haven't been there but it is said to be a really beautiful place)
Music: OneRepublic, Muse, Keane, Oasis, Weezer. Green Day, Imagine Dragons, other Pop singers. Food: Asian; Grill/BBQ; Mexican; TV Shows: Lost, House, Fantacy & Sci-Fi Movies: Super Heroes ; Sci-Fi(e.g. Inception, Source Code); Action
I do a variety of stuff for fun, depends on the people I'm hanging out with. For example, movies,sports(tennis, bowling, swimming, hiking, etc.), work-out, music, or even just chatting will be fun! :)
Freakonomics; It's an awesome book and listed out so many things which will blow your mind.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'11" (180cms)
|5'5" (165cms) to 8'11" (271cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned, A few extra pounds
|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green
|Auburn / Red, Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Salt and pepper, Silver, Dark blonde, Grey, Platinum, Bald
|No Way
|No Way, Occasionally, Yes, but trying to quit
|Social Drinker
|Never, Social Drinker, Moderately
|Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering
|Administrative / Secretarial, Artistic / Creative / Performance, Executive / Management, Financial / Accounting / Real Estate, Labor / Construction, Legal, Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness, Political / Govt / Civil Service / Military, Retail / Food services, Retired, Sales / Marketing, Self-Employed / Entrepreneur, Student, Education / Teacher / Professor, Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering, Travel / Hospitality / Transportation, Other profession, Nonprofit / Volunteer / Activist, Law enforcement / Security / Military, Fashion / Model / Beauty, Architecture / Interior design
I'm working for a semi-conductor company as an Applications Engineer.
|$50,001 to $75,000
|No preference
|Never Married
|No preference
|Have kids:
|No preference
|Wants kids:
|No preference
|Asian, Latino / Hispanic, Middle Eastern, Native American, White / Caucasian
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Chinese, English
|Graduate degree
|Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral


text:
NPL's Radioactivity team combines wide-ranging expertise with state-of-the-art equipment and laboratory facilities to support vital radioactivity measurements for UK industry.
Featured Services
The NPL Radioactivity team:
- Provides and disseminates primary standards for radioactivity metrology using conventional techniques, as well as newer developments
- Participates in international comparisons of radioactivity standards to ensure international equivalence of primary standards
- Standardises radionuclides routinely used for diagnostics and therapy in nuclear medicine
- Provides a national measurement infrastructure for environmental monitoring of radioactivity and for nuclear waste decommissioning
- Carries out evaluations and measurements of nuclear data
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If you have any enquiries about the work of the NPL Radioactivity team, please contact us
- Mike James, Head of Technical at Sellafield Ltd, discusses innovative approaches to nuclear waste management in Insights - Innovation.
- NPL and Loughborough University are developing a demonstration mobile radiochemistry laboratory that can be driven onto a nuclear site.
- NPL-University of Surrey Professor Paddy Regan was interviewed on the BBC World Service regarding the forensic report concerning the late President Arafat.
- NPL scientists spoke at the British Science Festival about radiation measurement and its reporting following the Japanese nuclear disaster in 2011.
- Scientists from NPL have contributed to a new publication from the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Please note that the information will not be divulged to third parties, or used without your permission


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Hail To Whatever You Found In The Sunlight That Surrounds You
Rilo Kiley
The Execution Of All Things
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Check Availability
I lived at the Remington for 6 months. Everyone was very nice and I did not have any complaints with the complex itself. I moved out the end of July and am still waiting for my deposit to be refunded. I… Full Review ▶
Relocated to Gillette, and checked out this place. The staff didnt even act like they wanted my family to rent from them. Ice all over the sidewalks and not much parking. I work nights so the playground in the middle of… Full Review ▶
Apartments were nice, staff was totally friendly and helpful, maintenance was great - came and fixed any problems immediately, even on weekends or evenings! We lived there for a year and did not have any problems whatsoever! Received our full deposit… Full Review ▶
My husband and I were very happy with Remington Village Apartments. Our overall experience with the staff and living accommodations was great. The property manager Kristy handles matters diligently and respectfully. When it comes to all our maintenance needs Dave always… Full Review ▶
Good friendly staff. Had a toilet issue that was taken care of in less than an hour! Full Review ▶
Pros: The apartment staff especially the Manager "Christy" are pleasant. Apartment was clean & maintenance was very responsive even late in the evening. They upgraded their cable/internet service & you can get about any type of service package you would like.… Full Review ▶
My husband and I have no complaints about Remington Village. The maintenence staff was always quick to respond as was the office staff. As long as you take care of your apartment and leave it clean(the way it was when you… Full Review ▶
I currently live at Remington Village Apartments, in Gillette and I have no complaints. I am not sure why other people have so many complaints or issues. I seen alot of people complained about noise, but you have that with any… Full Review ▶
I'm honestly not sure what all these other people are talking about. I've lived here for about six months so far and have had absolutely no complaints. Some of these reviews are talking about all the -------- living here, well last… Full Review ▶
Horrible construction, horrible office staff. Upon vacating they proceeded to screw us out of most of our deposit. I would rather be homeless than live here again. They have 1 internet connection for an entire building to share. And if you… Full Review ▶
I lived there for six months. The place looked brand new and very nice. The parking was a little crazy because of so many cars. you had to park a unit( building) away sometimes. Never had a problem with The apt.… Full Review ▶
I lived at Remington Village for a year and a half, and I really loved it and was sad to leave my apartment when I had to move. It is pretty family friendly, and yes there are lots of children both… Full Review ▶
seemed nice when we first moved in then we decided it wasnt at all. Managment was only nice to get us moved in. they dont have enough staff to handle repairs they throw it all onto one handyman. apartment looks nice… Full Review ▶
I moved in when it was still under construction and it was much better then. There are alot of -------- people living here now who have no respect for anyone but them selves there kids run all over up and down… Full Review ▶
The people in the office are incompetent, and not friendly at all. One of the office attendants a girl with longer hair, young, takes her smoke break in front of the park where our children play. Very VERY unprofessional, and disgusting… Full Review ▶
Bad management, bad quality, bad tenants, this place is horrible. I couldn't wait to get out of this apartment. Unless you are a non-English speaking --------, I do not recommend. Full Review ▶
Every aspect of this complex is absolutely HORRIBLE. The parking, the price, the quality of construction, the internet they provide, the cable tv they provide, the appliances, EVERYTHING. You ever drive through an area of town thats designated as "Chinatown" or… Full Review ▶
I LOVE MY NEW APARTMENT!!! 3 BED ROOMS 2 FULL BATHS!!! NO ONE HAS LIVED THERE BEFORE, ME QUIET AND THE PEOPLE IN THE OFFICE ARE WONDERFUL!!! Full Review ▶
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text:
Info & Phones News Reviews › Forum
boost and nextel
with a boost mobile phone can i chirp(direct connect) some one with a nextel phone? and vice-versa
- Re: boost and nextel by nextel18
printed July 3, 2015
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text:
Apparatuses, methods and systems for the efficient entry of data on a device with a restricted set of input channels are disclosed. These apparatuses, systems and methods may employ a user interface which allows efficient entry of input. This interface may be tailored according to the device with which it is used, and the semantic meaning associated with the interface. To assist in the efficient entry of data, these apparatuses, systems and methods may disambiguate user input, provide an efficient way to specify the input exactly, or predict user input. These apparatuses, systems and methods may also adapt to the proclivities of a certain user, and incorporate user defined abbreviations and synonyms for frequently used inputs.
1. A method for an interface for data entry, comprising
detecting an input with respect to the interface wherein detecting the input comprises detecting a press in a first zone of a set of zones, wherein at least one of the set of zones is non-contiguous with at least one other of the set of zones and at least one of the set of zones differs in shape from at least one other of the set zones;
detecting a release in a second zone of the set of zones and detecting a movement between the press and release, wherein detecting the movement further comprises detecting entering or leaving one or more of the set of zones between the press in the first zone and the release in the second zone and contact is maintained with the interface between the press in the first zone and the release in the second zone; and
associating a semantic meaning with the input based on a set of semantic meanings associated with the first zone, wherein the semantic meaning is selected from the set of semantic meanings associated with the first zone based on the second zone.
2. The method of
grouping each of the set of zones into one of a set of selection zones, wherein each of the set of selection zones is associated with a corresponding one of the set of semantic meanings associated with the first zone; and
determining which of the set of selection zones the second zone is associated with.
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. The method of
9. The method of
10. The method of
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. A system for an interface for data entry, comprising
a sensor having a set of zones, wherein at least one of the set of zones is non-contiguous with at least one other of the set of zones, the sensor operable for:
detecting an input with respect to the interface wherein detecting the input comprises detecting a press in a first zone of the set of zones, detecting a release in a second zone of the set of zones and detecting a movement between the press and release, wherein detecting the movement further comprises detecting entering or leaving one or more of the set of zones between the press in the first zone and the release in the second zone and contact is maintained with the interface between the press in the first zone and the release in the second zone; and
a processor; and
processor executable instructions in a memory, the instructions operable for:
associating a semantic meaning with the input based on a set of semantic meanings associated with the first zone, wherein the semantic meaning is selected from the set of semantic meanings based on the second zone.
14. The system of
grouping each of the set of zones into one of a set of selection zones, wherein each of the set of selection zones is associated with a corresponding one of the set of semantic meanings associated with the first zone; and
determining which of the set of selection zones the second zone is associated with.
15. The system of
16. The system of
17. The system of
18. The system of
19. The system of
20. The system of
21. The system of
22. The system of
23. The system of
24. The system of
This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/800,203 entitled "Method and System for Disambiguation and Predictive Resolution" by Van der Hoeven filed of an even date. All applications cited within this paragraph are fully incorporated herein by reference.
The invention relates in general to data entry, and more particularly, to interfaces and logic for the efficient entry of data into devices.
Since the dawn of the computer age one of the most steady and continuous trends has been toward miniaturization. This trend manifests itself in every facet of the industry. Cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers etc. have all decreased in size at astounding rates. Conversely, however, as these devices have shrunk they have also become more powerful. This dichotomy is somewhat problematic. The need to communicate information to, and glean information from, a user increases commensurately with the power of a device, while the real estate available for these display and data entry interfaces naturally shrinks along with the device.
With each of the two subsystems of data entry and display, there are inherent physical limitations on possible size reduction before each subsystem becomes either ineffective or useless. The physical limitations placed on communications to a user are much greater than those placed on an interface for data entry. These limitations may include hardware limitations, physiological limitations, and the fact that, in most cases, data must be communicated to a user visually. Therefore, the majority of a device's footprint reserved for communications and data entry may be taken up by a visual display. This visual display leaves little room for an interface for data entry.
Solutions to address this problem have been devised by incorporating handwriting software in a device. To utilize this solution, a user may directly enter text by writing on a touch sensitive display. This handwritten data is then converted by handwriting recognition software into digital data. While this solution allows one display to both communicate information to, and receive data from, a user, the accuracy and speed of handwriting recognition software is notoriously bad. Additionally, printing or writing with a stylus is generally slower than typing, or key based input, and requires the use of two hands.
It is therefore advantageous to use an interface for entering data which is small and may be operated with one hand. Prior attempts at such a keyboard have resulted in the development of a keyboard that has a reduced number of keys.
However, this solution is problematic as well, as Chinese and other character based languages such as Japanese kanji do not have a manageable number of letters which can be overlaid onto a numeric keypad. An additional problem is that each key press may contain multiple characters, creating ambiguity in a sequence of keystrokes.
A solution to the problem of ambiguity is to have the user enter two or more keystrokes to specify each letter, the keystrokes may be entered simultaneously (chording) or in sequence. However, these approaches require many keystrokes and are consequently inefficient. Ideally, a data entry method would require one keystroke per letter.
In the past, word level disambiguation has been used to disambiguate entire words by comparing the sequence of received keystrokes with possible matches in a dictionary. But, because of decoding limitations, word level disambiguation does not give error free decoding of unconstrained data with an efficiency of one keystroke per character.
Thus, there is a need for apparatuses, methods and systems for interfaces which enable the efficient one-handed entry of a variety of data, and the ability to reduce the number of strokes required for data entry by using logic for the resolution of character ambiguity and the predictive completion of input.
Apparatuses, methods and systems for the efficient input of text on a device with a restricted set of input channels are disclosed. These apparatuses, systems and methods may employ a user interface which allows efficient one handed operation by using a key layout that may be manipulated by the thumb of a single hand. This interface may be tailored to the specific device on which it is utilized, and in some instances multiple characters may be associated with each key or portion of a key. To assist in the efficient entry of data, these apparatuses, systems and method may disambiguate user input in the case where data entered by the user may have several interpretations, provide an efficient way to specify the input exactly, or predict user input and submit these predictions to the user. These predictive systems and methods may also adapt to the proclivities of a certain user, and incorporate abbreviations, translations, and synonyms for frequently used inputs.
In one embodiment, an initial press is detected, a release is detected, and movement between the press and release is detected utilizing a set of zones; the initial press, release and movement are then normalized into a discrete message.
In other embodiments, the set of zones comprises a set of interkey zones and a set of key zones, wherein no two key zones are contiguous, and each key zone is contiguous with at least one interkey zone.
In yet other embodiments, the set of zones is arranged in a set of rows.
In still other embodiments, each row has a key zone at each end, and there is an interkey zone between each key zone in the row.
In another embodiment, each interkey zone overlaps with at least the two adjacent key zones with which it is contiguous.
In still another embodiment, every part of each interkey zone is associated with one of the at least two adjacent key zones with which it is contiguous.
In some embodiments, a semantic meaning is associated with the discrete message.
These, and other, aspects of the invention will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. The following description, while indicating various embodiments of the invention and numerous specific details thereof, is given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many substitutions, modifications, additions or rearrangements may be made within the scope of the invention, and the invention includes all such substitutions, modifications, additions or rearrangements.
The drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification are included to depict certain aspects of the invention. A clearer impression of the invention, and of the components and operation of systems provided with the invention, will become more readily apparent by referring to the exemplary, and therefore nonlimiting, embodiments illustrated in the drawings, wherein identical reference numerals designate the same components. Note that the features illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
The invention and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the nonlimiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well known starting materials, processing techniques, components and equipment are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the invention in detail. Skilled artisans should understand, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while disclosing preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation. Various substitutions, modifications, additions or rearrangements within the scope of the underlying inventive concept(s) will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading this disclosure.
Reference is now made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts (elements).
A few terms are defined or clarified to aid in an understanding of the terms as used throughout the specification.
The term "character" is intended to mean any symbol whatsoever, a character may be a letter, a diacritical mark, a portion of a kanji, any symbol with a connotation in the art of writing and printing, etc.
The term "key" is intended to mean a zone of an interface, responsive to a user action, including touch. Semantic meaning may be associated with a key or portions of a key, this semantic meaning may consist of one or more characters or control information.
The term "keyboard" is intended to mean a grouping of keys.
The term "prediction" is intended to mean the results of an attempt to predict the completion of a sequence of symbols. This prediction may be based on any type of system, including probabilistic, mathematical, linguistic, or any other.
The term "synonym," as used with respect to a use model, is intended to mean a possible alternative to a prediction. These synonyms may be associated with the prediction, and may be stored in a data structure corresponding to a prediction, or the terminal node corresponding to a prediction.
The term "proposition" is intended to mean a sequence of one or more characters, or a set of these sequences.
The term "prefix" is intended to mean a sequence of one or more characters which may or may not be extended with a user input, the results of disambiguation or prediction etc.
The term "candidate" is intended to mean a sequence of one or more characters and an associated score. This score may be based on any model including probabilistic, mathematical, linguistic, or any other.
The term "active zone" is intended to mean a zone of an interface which is designated to be part of an interface used to receive input from a user.
The term "zone" is intended to mean an area of an interface or within the purview of a sensor.
The term "ambiguous" is intended to mean that something may have several possible meanings.
The term "completion" is a set of symbols which may form a desired final or intermediate sequence of symbols when concatenated with an initial set of symbols (usually referred to as prefix). In many circumstances a completion may have been calculated to have a high probability of forming the desired final or intermediate sequence.
The term "send a message" is intended to mean transmission or exchange or utilization of information. It is important to note that no assumption may be made about how a message is sent, or even if the sending of a message is necessary in any particular embodiment.
The term "sequence" is intended to mean a finite number of elements with a notion of order. A set may be empty or contain only one element. This is a definition commonly accepted in mathematics. We note it as (e1, . . . ,en)
The term "set" is intended to mean a finite number of elements with no notion of order. A set may be empty or contain one element. This is a definition commonly accepted in mathematics. We note it as {e1, . . . ,en}.
The term "type" is intended to mean a range of values or classes. Typing a variable or a value is to enumerate it, or specify the values or classes it may be. Typing an element E with a type T is written as followed: "E:T".
The term "structure" is intended to mean an ordered set of elements (e1, . . . ,en). Each element ei may be typed with the type ti. The type of the structure is then the sequence (t1, . . . ,tn).
The term "field" is intended to mean an element of a structure. Fields can be named. P(e:t) implies the structure P has a field e of type t. If p is of type P (as above), p.e represents the field of the element p.
Attention is now directed to apparatuses, methods and systems for the efficient input of text on a device with a restricted set of input channels. These apparatuses, systems and methods may employ a user interface which allows efficient one handed operation by using a key layout that may be manipulated by the thumb of a single hand. This interface may be tailored to the specific device on which it is utilized, and in some instances, multiple characters may be associated with each key or portion of a key. To assist in the efficient entry of data, these apparatuses, systems and methods may disambiguate the user input from these keys in the case where data entered by the user may have several interpretations, or may provide an efficient way for a user to specify the input exactly. These systems and methods may also predict user input and submit these predictions to the user so they may be selected by the user, instead of requiring the user to enter the entire text manually. These predictive systems and methods may also adapt to the proclivities of a certain user, and incorporate user defined abbreviations and synonyms for frequently used inputs.
In an illustrative embodiment of the invention, the computer-executable instructions may be lines of assembly code or compiled C++, Java, or other language code. Other architectures may be used. Additionally, a computer program or its software components with such code may be embodied in more than one computer system readable medium in more than one computer.
Turning now to
In general, this architecture is designed to enhance a user's ability to input data on a device by allowing a wide variety of configurations for an input device, including a configuration designed for use by the thumb of one hand. Embodiments may also disambiguate input, allow a user an efficient way to unambiguously specify the exact input, and submit predictive completions to a user in order to avoid additional manual input. A person of ordinary skill in the art will realize, after reading this disclosure, that this architecture is presented for descriptive purposes only; and that all the functionality described may be embodied in a wide variety of ways, including with more or fewer modules, with messages or without messages being passed, in software, in hardware, etc.
In specific embodiments, a user's actions are captured by sensors 210, 212 and reported to the semantization module 240. In some embodiments, information from principle sensor 210 may be processed by keystroke module 220 before being reported to semantization module 240. Semantization module 240 may be the only interface to a user, and may be responsible for translating and formatting all incoming and outgoing messages. The translation of semantization module 240 may be context dependent or may provide parameterization for integration into a system. Core logic 250 may contain rules for managing the interaction between semantization module 240 and a user, including prediction of user input and resolution of ambiguity.
Core logic 250 may use data structures, including language model 260 for disambiguating user input, and user model 270 to predict user input. Text element 280, menu element 282, and other optional output devices 284 may be used by semantization module 240 to show the results of its logic or the state of the system. Text element 280 may be a data entry interface whereby a user may insert or input a sequence of symbols, or extend an existing sequence of symbols, and through which a sequence of symbols may be displayed.
In one particular embodiment, text element 280 is the device by where a user may insert a sequence of symbols or extend an existing sequence. Text element 280 can send a message (EditText) to the system or semantization module 240, containing information on a possible prefix or other user input text. Text element 280 then receives a SubstituteText message from semantization module 240 containing a sequence of symbols (S) in response to the EditText message. Text element 280 may also receive a EndEdit message, signaling the completion of the EditText message when a user has finished entering a sequence of symbols. When text element 280 receives this SubstituteText message, text element 280 may respond accordingly. If it is the first SubstituteText received since the last EditText was sent and the last EditText had a prefix, the SubstituteText argument is substituted for the sequence of symbols relative to the prefix in text element 280, which is then displayed to the user. If this is the first SubstituteText received since the last EditText was sent, and the last EditText had no prefix, text element 280 may just insert the SubstituteText argument in the sequence displayed to the user. For two consecutive SubstituteText messages without an EndEdit between them, it replaces the text of the first SubstituteText messages by the argument of the second and displays the information to the user.
Menu element 282 may present user with a series of choices or options, depending on an output or state of the system. Menu element 282 can be combined with text element 280 in certain embodiments. Menu element 282 may display a list of choices or a tree of choices, for selection by a user. Menu element 282 may receive SetMenu messages from semantization module 240 containing an argument. This argument may be a flat list of choices when the menu is a list, or an argument referring to the position of choices in a tree or a nested list of choices, in the case of a tree menu. The choices may be sequences of symbols or constants. When the user selects a choice from the list presented, a SelectItem message may be sent to semantization module 240 with the value of the choice as an argument.
Use context 290 may control properties and layouts of sensors 210, 212 and notify the user of certain events. In one embodiment, use context 290 may use a TextInputQuery to prepare text element 280 or menu element 282 for interaction with a user. Text element 280 can respond to by emitting an EditText message with a QueryFlag to semantization module 240, indicating that text element 280 is ready for editing.
Use context 290 may also be aware when text editing is performed in text element 280 through the interception of StartEdit messages when editing starts, or EditStop message when editing stops. Use context 290 may also control various properties of principle sensor 210, and notify a user of certain events.
These events are triggered through a UserNotify message which may contain information about the type of notification. The system may interpret the action to undertake for each type of notification. This interpretation may be done by semantization module 240.
Principle sensor 210 may monitor a set of variables in an environment and send the results through discrete messaging to keystroke module 220. Additionally, principle sensor 210 may be capable of detecting actions of a user, which may consist of a user designating a particular area within the range of principle sensor 210, a sequence of movements made by a user, and the user's cessation of movement. These actions usually involve direct physical contact between a user and the sensor, indirect contact through the use of a tool, such as a stylus, pen, etc. or methods not involving physical contact such as eye movements, laser pointer, etc. Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that a wide variety of options exist for implementing principle sensor 210. Examples of these options include eye tracking systems, touch screens, joysticks, graphical user interfaces, traditional keyboards in all their electronic or mechanical forms and the like. Similarly, these sensing device(s) may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of the two. It will also be apparent, after reading this disclosure, that a wide variety of layouts may be utilized with principle sensor 210 to provide an interface for data entry.
Before delving into the interaction of the components of architecture 200, one example of a layout for use with a type of principle sensor 210 which may detect contact is presented in
For example, rows 312, 314 may be numbered from smallest to larges starting with the innermost row. In the example depicted in
Principle sensor 210 may monitor the environment and determine a pointed zone or contact zone where contact is being made by a user. This pointed zone may consist of only the point or location where contact is made or may consist of a defined area surrounding the location of actual contact. When contact is made, principle sensor 210 may determine if zones 300-390 overlap the pointed zone. For each zone 300-390 which overlaps the pointed zone, principle sensor 210 sends a message to keystroke logic 220. Each message may be a message which identifies the start of contact (StartContact) and the respective unique identifier for the overlapping zone 300-390. When the pointed zone is moved, and begins to overlap any other zone 300-390, a message is sent to keystroke logic 220 indicating a zone 300-390 has been entered along with the unique identifier of that zone 300-390. When the contact ceases, principle sensor 210 senses that contact has been stopped, and indicates this to keystroke module 220 (StopContact). Therefore, principle sensor can sense a start of contact, movement of this contact, and release of the contact. Messages of this type may be exchanged between principle sensor 210 and keystroke module 220 using a message of the type described above. It is to be noted that though all types of contact may be determined by principle sensor 210, messages regarding all of them may not be passed to keystroke module 220, or used in evaluating the user's contact.
Zones 300-390 may be designated as active or inactive depending on the layout of zones 300-390, the user's specification, the semantic meaning associated with zones 300-390 etc. When a zone 300-390 is designated as inactive, principle sensor 210 may not compare the area of principle sensor corresponding with the inactive zone with the pointed zone, and therefore no messages containing the inactive zone's unique identifier will be sent to keystroke logic 220. Similarly, a comparison may be made but no messages containing the inactive zone's unique identifier will be sent to keystroke logic 220.
Keystroke logic 220 may serve to differentiate series of start/stop contact messages from principle sensor 210. Keystroke logic 220 may take the messages generated from principle sensor 210 and interpret these messages to determine the row number of a key zone 300, 310-390 in which contact is being made, and the number of the key zone 300, 310-390 in the row. Additionally, a key zone 300, 310-390 may be triggered in several modes depending on the movement of a user's contact or the user's release point, and keystroke logic may also determine the mode in which a key zone 300, 310-390 is triggered. These modes may be denoted by KeyCenter, KeyLower, KeyUpper, RowLower and RowUpper. These messages may correspond to the release point of a user, in relation to where contact by a user originally began.
In one embodiment, messages from principle sensor 210 may be processed according to the following algorithm.
Turning now to
The row number x is now constituted of zones with the labels: (kx,1, ix,1, kx,2, ix,2, . . . , ix,y-1, kx,y), where y is the number of keys of row number x. If the StartContact location is nokey or an interkey zone, the keystroke module waits for the next StartContact message without any other activity.
For each EnterZone (kr2,n2)
For the first StopContact
It will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that interkey zones may be employed to implement a latching mechanism between any two zones or sets of zones. For example, an interkey zone may be employed to implement a latching mechanism between rows 312, 314.
For example, to select center pair 620 a user may touch the zone with the desired pair and release. To select any lower pair 630 a user may touch the zone with the desired pair and slide to any zone in the direction of the pair desired, the converse is true for selecting upper pair 610. To illustrate this example further, suppose a letter of the pair (s,h) is desired. This selection may be accomplished by touching the zone 526 containing (g,m) and sliding the movement until the pair (b,j). Note that the movement may stop in any zone 520-524 below zone 526 containing the desired pair (s,h). Semantization logic 240 may still resolve this movement into the desired pair (s,h).
Semantization logic 240 may receive a message from keystroke module 220 or additional sensors 212, and translate this message to a set of symbols or a set of commands depending on the context in which the message is received. In one particular embodiment, semantization logic 240 receives an Input message from keystroke logic 220 and translates this to a set of possible of symbols in accordance with a context. For example, a user actuation as described above with regards to
In more specific embodiments, semantization module 240 may be responsible for translation of input messages to symbols or commands. This translation may be context dependent; the part of the context needed by semantization module may be called SemantifyContext. Semantization module 240 may respond to an input message representing symbols according to the context (SemantifyContext), with a SymbolMessage containing a set of symbols.
In the case where an input message represents a command, a message (CommandMessage) is emitted containing the unique identifier of the command. This unique identifier information can take a value which corresponds to the command desired, including: BackSpaceCmd, EndLexiconCmd, ItemSelectionCmd, NextCharCmd and PrevCharCmd. If the input message represents nothing with respect to the context (SemantifyContext), no action may be taken.
An input message can represent both a command and a set of symbols, in such a case a SymbolMessage may be sent out before the CommandMessage in order to display the set of symbols. Semantization module 240 may also be responsible for configuration of sensors 210, 212.
In some embodiments, messages from text element 280, menu element 282 or user context 290 are handled as follows:
A SelectItem triggers the emission of a CommandMessage with ItemSelectionCmd as command identifier and the argument of SelectItem.
If the last EndEdit message is more recent than the last StartEdit, the reception of a StartEdit triggers an EditText message. If the last StartEdit message is more recent than the last EndEdit, the reception of an EndEdit triggers the emission of a CommandMessage to the core logic 250 with argument EndLexiconCmd.
If the semantization module 240 is about to send a SymbolMessage when the last EndEdit message is more recent than the last StartEdit, semantization module 240 suspends the sending of the SymbolMessage, sends a message TextInputQuery to user context 290. If the next message received is EditText associated with a QueryFlag, semantization module 240 forwards the EditText message to core logic 250, and sends a suspended SymbolMessage.
A SemantifyContext may be the incremental result of a ContextGeneration function called with the last received message (either from architecture components or external) and the previous SemantifyContext as arguments. Between any two messages the SemantifyContext remains consistent.
Turning now to core logic 250 employed by semantization module 240,
Core logic 250 may take this set of inputs (block 710) and process them (block 720) according to a specific set of rules. This processing may include the formulation of a proposition, which may be a symbol, word, arbitrary sequence of characters, or any combination. This proposition may be associated with, or derived from, the disambiguation of an input, a predictive completion or prediction, or some combination of the two.
The rules which core logic 250 uses to process the set of inputs (block 720) may be designed to utilize language model 260 and usage model 280 to produce a set of candidates or predictions, and evaluate these candidates or predictions to generate a set of propositions, one or more of which may be presented to a user. In one embodiment, core logic 250 uses a scoring system to process the input (block 720). When core logic receives an input, if the input has no prefix, one or more propositions may be generated and evaluated according to a scoring system. However, if a prefix is present a sequence may be generated by appending the new input to the prefix and attempting to generate and evaluate one or more candidates based on this sequence. If no candidates can be generated, or the candidates generated do not surpass some threshold score a method may be provided to specify an input, otherwise the candidates are evaluated, predictions made, and a proposition may be formed and presented to a user based on this evaluation. Propositions may also be formulated in light of the disambiguation of the original input.
In certain embodiments, core logic 250 may formulate a candidate based on the input, determine a prediction from one or more of the candidates and formulate a proposition to present to the user from the set of candidates and predictions generated.
In some embodiments, rules and algorithms utilized by core logic 250 may be grouped into three categories, guessing rules, unambiguous rules, and internal rules. Unambiguous and guessing rules may be the main driver for core logic 250, while the internal rules may serve as the control functionality behind core logic 250, and may provide functionality responsible for the use of the guessing and unambiguous rule sets, the evaluation of these two rule sets, or responses from these rule sets. Additionally, the internal rules may be responsible for creating a prefix or proposition to be shown to a user.
These internal rules may work in tandem with the unambiguous rules and guessing rules depending on the functionality desired and the context in which the rules are being utilized. These rules may describe the behavior of the system in various contexts, and may be employed based on user desire or internal status. The unambiguous rules may describe behavior when the input received either from the user, or from semantization module 240, is ambiguous or there is no adequate candidate. In certain embodiments, these unambiguous rules employ only language model 260. Guessing rules may describe behavior when a relevant candidate can be found, and in embodiments may employ both language model 260 and usage model 280.
In one particular embodiment, core logic module 250 receives a CommandMessage or SymbolMessage from semantization module 240. Core logic 250 responds to those messages in accordance with a set of rules. When the core logic 250 rules indicate communication with a user, the semantization module 240 is used for delivery of the corresponding messages used for interface with the user.
In this embodiment, the rest of the core logic 250 rules are organized under three headings: 1) Guessing rules, which describe the core logic 250 behavior when the system has relevant propositions about input; 2) Unambiguous rules which describe how the system behaves when an input is ambiguous and the system can guess no relevant proposition about the input; and Internal rules, which contain several functions necessary to the evaluation of the guessing in the unambiguous rules.
Each of those rules is further detailed below.
When the core logic 250 receives an EditText message, it responds by:
This algorithm initializes the state of core logic 250 for new input. The initiation is simple if there is no prefix. When a prefix is provided, the algorithm is designed to attempt to lookup the longest partial string being a possible completion of the prefix, utilizing language model 260. If language model 260 does not contain such a partial string, the algorithm switches to an unambiguous input mode.
i. Guessing Rules
The guessing rules apply when EditionState=GuessingState. This section of rules has a unique constant Add. There is a rule for each type of message arriving to core logic 250:
Note: These rules for SymbolMessage may process user input, and try to find out which symbol sequence the user wants to input based on all the information received since the last EditText message, regardless of whether the user input is ambiguous or not.
Note: These rules may make core logic 250 return to the state it was in before the last undiscarded SymbolMessage occurred.
Note: If the user had selected a suggestion (Add) in the menu this rules switches core logic 250 rules to unambiguous mode else this rule cleans up the environment and takes account of the symbol sequence composed since the last StartEdit by the user.
Note: The user may select one of the propositions as the input he wants to appear in the TextElement.
Unambiguous Rules
The rules indexed under Guessing rules apply when EditionState=UnambiguousState.
iii Internal Rules
The rules described in this section are explicitly called when evaluating "Unambiguous Rules" and "Guessing Rules"
Note: These rules may show the user all the relevant propositions currently evaluated for the disambiguisation/prediction for his input.
Adjust is implementation dependent and may relate the probabilities of predictions with the probabilities of the disambiguation propositions. This assures the user input is on average minimal.
ExtendProposition and FilterProposition are functions which may be implementation dependent. Filter Proposition may adjusts the threshold scoring level which determines the suggestion which are shown to the user must be. A higher threshold lowers the number of irrelevancies in the suggestions shown to the user.
StoreWord is also implementation dependent, and may be a holding place for a set of characters and may manage the amount of resources allocated to the LanguageModel and UsageModel structure. It may also control the models adaptation to the user's behavior to improver prediction/disambiguation for future use.
Moving on to
In some embodiments, core logic 250 may formulate these candidates (block 820) using language model 260, which may employ a tree structure to store arbitrarily long partial strings, and associated scores. In one embodiment, core logic 250 finds the longest string in language model 260 which is associated with the prefix. In associated embodiments, core logic 250 may use language model 260 to generate a list of candidates, this list may be a flat list or a nested list, depending on the implementation. Core logic may determine the score to associate with a candidate based on the score associated with each node of the tree implemented in language model 260. These scores may in turn be based on a probabilistic model.
It will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that a wide variety of algorithms that may be used to calculate scores, and score candidates. For example, suppose the user wishes to enter the word "test". Using the layout described in
In one particular embodiment, the structure for storing language model 260 of this type, and associated logic for processing input and calculating probabilities may be implemented as follows.
Language model 260 may be contained in structures of type LanguageModel represented as:
The Node structure may, in embodiments, be the structure of [Clearyl], modulo the syntax. Root may be core logic's entry point to language model 260.
The following properties and algorithms may be defined over the structure which supports language model 260:
Note: This property is true when N2 is a son of N1 and false in other cases
IsNeighbor(Node N2, Node N1)
Note: This property is true when N2 is on the same level as N1 in the tree and false in other cases
NodeFromPath((S1, . . . ,Sn))
This set of strings may be then be used to formulate a set of predictions (block 820) based on a string from the set of strings. Usage model 280 may determine a series of possible completions to the string based on statistical ordering of the possible completions.
In one embodiment, usage model 280 may use a tree structure to represent words, with each node of a tree containing a character. Each node which may designate the end of word may be demarcated, and a score associated with such a terminal node. It will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art the variety of scoring systems which may be used to assign a score.
To continue with the above example, suppose the string "te" is received by usage model 280.
Based on the score associated with a node the node may be ranked (block 830) and the sequence of characters associated with each node in the path through tree 1000 to the node with the highest (or lowest) ranking may be returned. Referring to
Similarly, synonyms of the predictions, may be returned along with their associated scores. For example, in
Typedef enum{true, false} Boolean;
Uroot may be the entry point for core logic 250 into usage model 280. The following properties over usage model 280 may be defined:
Note: GetSuggestions retrieves words and their synonyms of a given prefix. Each word and synonym is associated with a score denoting their frequency of use in usage model 280.
Returning to
Note that not all of the tables, fields, or steps described are necessary, that tables, fields or steps may not be required, and that further tables, fields or steps may be added in addition to those illustrated. Additionally, the order in which each of the activities is listed is not necessarily the order in which they are performed. After reading this specification, a person of ordinary skill in the art will be capable of determining which tables, fields and orderings best suit any particular objective.
In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims below. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of invention.
Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any component(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or component of any or all the claims.
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The Male/Female Contrast
The only difference between these two faces is their degree of contrast. Yet the face on the left appears female and the one on the right looks male.
Women tend to have a greater contrast between their lips and eyes compared to the skin of the face, so increasing the contrast makes the picture look more feminine.
This post was created by a user and has not been vetted or endorsed by BuzzFeed's editorial staff. BuzzFeed Community is a place where anyone can post awesome lists and creations. Learn more or post your buzz!


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dont know if its true or not but someone said Strikeforce was interested in a Walker-Toney fight.
dont know if its true or not but someone said Strikeforce was interested in a Walker-Toney fight.
So the issue here is that Dana didn't sign Angle? How about doing the right thing finally? So he dropped the ball with Angle, he should just keep dropping the ball? Leglace you my six figga , but two wrongs don't make a right. Please edit your post to reflect having reconsidered your position
Last edited by UGLY; 03-04-2010 at 01:14 PM. Reason: I dont think that using any variation of the N word is good
Lets go Brent!
Leglace you are a little off on the angle situation or at least just giving one side of the story.
Here is what dana said at the time:
"I've talked to Kurt, and you know, Kurt's full of sh--. Kurt doesn't really want to fight. He had the opportunity. We talked, and then he went with TNA. Not to mention he's pretty busted up from wrestling. And you don't just go from the WWE and jump into the UFC.
I offered him a deal where he could sit out for a year and train with (Randy) Couture and guys like that and get into it, and he turned it down."
Now maybe you dont believe dana but i tend to believe him as you did not see angle making any moves to take mma seriously by actually training and he did not sign anywhere else either. May be old and washed up but he is now training mma with juanito ibarra.
OK PJ you set me straight. Thanks a lot man.
Adolph I tempered my post. I almost never do that. But I may have overreacted. Possibly an extra cup of coffee.
But I still believe that Toney is a horrible fit for MMA. His skill set is bad. He stalks and counterpunches. Thats about it. He is not the same guy that I watched on PPV against Roy Jones in 1994. Or the guy who knocked out Hearns. He has been making a living beating scrub heavyweights. He has the best chin I have seen in a long time, but he is not the guy to represent boxing.
Get me PBF, PacMan, Ward and then you have something to work with.
I think its funny to think an old school boxer is in good hands because he has a new boxing coach who is well known with mma fighters. Sorry, but this dog don't hunt.
I pictured you as that guy Gaylord in Showboat, passing up taxis to walk because he's broke and playing it off as if it's the doctor's advice. - Clmetal
So I guess we gotta call out "Earmuffs" before using potentially offensive language.
Dont worry OBC, you my main man up in here and I got your back on this one.
Last edited by UGLY; 03-04-2010 at 05:33 PM.
Leglace i agree i would love to see a mayweather or pacman as they are the elite boxers in the sport but they are making too much money to make the leap.
I dont expect toney to make much of an impact aside from beating a few guys who are tailored made for him and who wont take it to the ground. He did do a good job though of forcing danas hand. Dana always talked in the past about putting his fighters up against guys like mayweather, and toney used that to his advantage but continually requesting a shot. If dana did not give him a contract it would be spun that dana was scared of a "top" boxer coming in and beating mma fighters.
PDen, can you reign in the other mods and let them know that this is your Board to control?


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Search Database
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Author(s): Fiore Furlan Dei Liberi da Premariacco
Title: Fiori Di Battaglia-Scherma
Folios: 20
Date: 1410
Place: Italy, Venice
Primary Seller: Sotheby's
Catalogue: Catalogue of a selected portion of the library of valuable and choice illuminated and other manuscripts and rare early printed books, the property of the late Rev. Walter Sneyd, M.A. (removed from Keele Hall, Staffs.) - 1903/12/16
Lot #: 720
Provenance: Canonici, Matteo Luigi; Sneyd, Walter; Morgan Library, New YorkDuplicates: 51175, 51176, 199073


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More modest coughs from a minor prophet: I described the emergence of the "global brain" (24 June, p 22) in
The slightly dated opening sentence reads: "At 0150 on December 1 1975, every telephone in the world started to ring." If I was writing this story now, I would have "Access denied" appearing on the world's computer screens.
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.


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Most women have an average risk of breast cancer. About 12 out of 100 women will get breast cancer.
[Chart based on National Cancer Institute (2010). SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Breast from SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2007. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Available online: http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/breast.html.]
If a woman in your family—such as a mother, a sister, or a daughter—has had breast cancer, your risk of getting it is a littler higher than women who don't have a family history of the disease. About 24 out of 100 women with a family relative who has had breast cancer will get this cancer.
[Chart based on American Cancer Society (2011). Breast cancer: Early detection. Available online: http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/003165-pdf.pdf.]
If 2 relatives in your family have had breast cancer, your risk for getting it goes up. About 36 out of 100 women with 2 family relatives who have had breast cancer will get this cancer.
Of all the women who get breast cancer, only a few will have inherited BRCA gene changes. The lifetime risk for getting breast cancer for these women is much higher than average. For these women, from 35 to 84 out of 100 women will get breast cancer.
[Chart based on U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2005). Genetic
risk assessment and BRCA mutation testing for breast and ovarian cancer
susceptibility: Recommendation statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 143(5): 355–361.]


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The Webb-McCain Nexus
Hypothetically speaking, if John McCain wanted to clear the ground a wee bit in preparation for the 2008 Republican presidential primary season, preemptively knocking out one of his likely opponents wouldn't be such a bad idea. Like - hypothetically again - getting one of his Republican buddies to run against said opponent.
Here are a few links that just came across via the old VRWC pipeline. Individually, they may not mean much. But taken together, a clearer picture emerges. Hypothetically, of course.
- Sen. Allen's foe in Nov. is old friend of McCain.
- Webb, who supported Allen in '00, entered the Senate race in March '06.
- That was months after Allen's name started being bandied about as an '08 rival to McCain by conservatives, including Rush Limbaugh,
- Sean Hannity,
- Ed Gillespie,
- and Rich Lowry of National Review.
So, John McCain is old friends with Jim Webb, a former George Allen supporter. But when Allen emerged as an '08 rival to McCain, suddenly Webb hates Allen and decides to challenge Allen in '06.
Hmmm. So what else do we know about Webb and McCain?
- Webb supported McCain in this '00 NY Times op-ed.
- That was 7 days after Webb slung a 'chickenhawk' attack at Bush.
- Notice how Webb invokes McCain to attack Republicans this year in the NY Times.
- And notice this pro-Webb/pro-McCain slant from a Democrat blogger.
It's no surprise that Sophrosyne hinted at this scenario months ago. Soph's usually way ahead on this type of thing.
Despite his positives on certain issues and his great performance at the 2004 GOP Convention, John McCain is, if anything, a man with huge vulnerability for 2008. Knocking off or at least weakening George Allen would be a big help, hypothetically.
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7 Comments
I think McCain would like nothing better then to see Webb win in November. Allen (as I have stated before) is more like Bush then people realize, and I'm not talking about his political views.
He was born with a platinum spoon in his mouth, given every perk of like, taking advantage (rightly so) of the position he was born to, seems to be a nice enough aw shucks kind of fellow who would love to have as your neighbor but, we can fairly question if they would have risen to level of President and Senator on their own strength and intelligence. They both have been smart enough to surround themselves with "good people†but would fall apart with out them because they have never really learned to think for themselves. And by the way both have either a very weak or no military record
I think John McCain resents these types of people. He finds them whiney and weak and maybe even feels some envy. McCain, was also born to comfort and influence but not nearly the level of Bush or Allen. But unlike them he chose to join the Military and refused to use his political and social ties even when it meant doing so could save his life.
McCain and Webb are cut from the same cloth just as Allen and Bush are.
Now for the politics; Although McCain may pray daily that Webb wins and may even find some ways to give him un-traceable money, he can never support him openly during the primary. McCain is a "good political soldier†and would not work against the incumbent Republican. It's sort of the same thing as what's going on in Conn. with the Lieberman race, their are a lot of liberals who want Lamont to win but they can't campaign against Joe Lieberman because he is a sitting incumbent.
Now for my money, sadly I think Allen will win, but Webb will get my money, support and my vote.
M 5-19, you are nothing if not moderate.
I have heard similar things about Allen; I don't have any personal experience to verify or not how sharp he is.
I'll be trying to help him anyway because, as you know, I'm no moderate. Thanks for the great comment!
Moderate 5-19,
I have a quick question for you. Is Spector a moderate or liberal Republican? I am just trying to figure you out.
What a great question. For my money the terms "liberal Republican" and "Conservative Democrat" are just other names for moderate. The problem is the political system is not "moderate friendly". It forces people (such as myself) to chose one of the two parties. If given the chance I believe Spector, Lieberman, Hagel, Collins, and even Powell would belong to the 'Moderate Party'. Trying to run as an independent (or moderate) a person has to be independently wealthy and start with name recognition. It is very difficult thus we have chosen to accept that we are a two party country.
Moderate 5-19,
Intersting. Did Perot blow the chance we had for a third party in this generation? Also in your opinion, did he atract more Republicans of Democrats?
Returning to Spector, is he an actual 'liberal Republican', granted Hagel and Powel are moderates. What about McCain?
JA or AJ,
McCain speaks like a moderate, but votes like a conservative,
I am a moderate, I know a moderate and McCain is no moderate.
Both Perot and Ralph Nader had their own personnel agenda's; in addition they did not build a strong data base or infrastructure (at least not strong enough to run for President). They both did harm to the whole idea of having a credible independent candidate to run for any federal level office.
I'm working from memory now but I think they're only three federal Representatives and one Senator. Thus out of 535 elected official we have four that are independents.
Being a moderate can be rather frustrating, people hear a party affiliation and assume they know how I feel or what my views are.
McCain and Giuliani are both coming in to campaign FOR Allen later this month. In fact, McCain will be here for the announcement of a statewide Veterans for Allen coalition.


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Play in the Lives of Children
Item #: 301
# of Pages:144
Subject: Play & Physical Env
What is the best way for children to make the most of their lives? They must engage in self-paced, child-controlled play! Find out why play is so important, and how to support it, in this convincing review of what we know about how children grow and learn. What you find will change the way you teach or parent children from birth through their primary school years. Don't let your children waste another precious minute of their childhood! Comprehensive enough to serve as a textbook on play.