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Committee nips and tucks police budgetBy Gordon Dritschilo
Staff writer | December 13,2012Police Chief James Baker got most of what he asked for from the Public Safety Committee on Wednesday, though the committee found a few places to trim his 2013-14 budget.
The committee voted unanimously to send the police budget to the full Board of Aldermen at $4,960,915, an increase of $173,322 over last year but a decrease of $69,000 from the number initially put forward by Mayor Christopher Louras.
Baker told the committee that when he initially came on as interim chief, he intended to leave the city with a report recommending how to turn the department around.
That report would have looked a lot like this budget request, he said. If, in fact, we are going to continue to move forward, I believe these are not luxuries we are asking for. These are necessities.
The single biggest increase is $118,590 in salaries to fund two new civilian positions, one dealing with evidence control and the other with data analysis.
The evidence technician, Baker said, would help correct long-running problems with how the department handles evidence while freeing up the officer presently assigned the task for more investigative work.
The data analyst, Baker said, is part of an effort to change how the department polices the city. He likened the citys current approach to a state trooper running radar at a spot where the speed limit changes. The spot has never had an accident, Baker said, but is an easy place to catch speeders. Meanwhile, another stretch of road that has been the site of multiple fatal accidents gets no police presence.
Without good data and good analysis of that data, Baker said, it can be hard for a police department to identify the areas that need the most policing.
You dont need someone with a policing background, Baker said. Id be happy with an MIT rocket scientist who knows how to crunch numbers.
The budget also includes a $20,000 increase in computer fees to fund the departments own IT contractor Baker said the departments technology was different from the rest of the citys and computer problems ate up staff time and $30,000 in professional services to bring in a mental health clinician.
I dont want to be over-dramatic, but I have dealt with cases since I have been there who were on the edge, he said.
Baker said that police and all first responders faced extreme stress and that managing that stress is key to morale. He said that stress is at least part of the cause of bad interactions between the police and public.
The committee cut the $65,000 vehicle fund to $24,000. Baker said the idea was to buy five used police cars. Committee Chairman Sean Sargeant suggested starting with two and spreading the purchases out over a few years, and the committee agreed.
The committee trimmed $8,000 from the $38,000 for vehicle maintenance, $10,000 from the $85,352 for gas, and building maintenance from $60,000 to $50,000. In each case, the aldermen said they expected those items to come in lower based on previous years.
@rutlandherald.comMORE IN Local & StateRecovery takes time, patience and a desire to change. Full StoryMayor Louras wants the city to have a better idea on what to pay its department heads. Full StoryThe Rutland Town Select Board plans to appoint a new member next week who will serve until a... Full Story
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- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1472, Orkney, Shetland islands put up as collateral by Norway to Scotland in lieu of dowry for MARGARET OF DENMARK on her marriage with JAMES III, king of Scotland; 1962, JOHN GLENN first American to orbit Earth.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: City mayoral candidates debate campaign issues; Hartford, Conn., woman still missing; Neal Goswami reports attempts to legislate suicide; local woman loses 100 pounds through TOPS program.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1878, JOHN TUNSTALL murdered near Lincoln, New Mexico, by the outlaw JESSE EVANS; in 1930, ELM FARM OLLIE first cow to fly in aircraft, first to be milked airborne; 1955, nuke test WASP; '79, snow in Sahara.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: Rutland Herald News Editor Alan J. Keays and staff writer Gordon Dritschilo discuss stories planned for the February 18, 2015, edition of the newspaper: Winter budgets maxed, legal marijuana, Springfield bank job, USPS slowdown
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Benefit for the American Cancer Society
Inform the campus community about the Turkey Creek fun event to support the American Cancer Society
Internal (people at campus) but also open to additional friends and family
- The event gives proceeds to the Cure for Cancer
- The event is planned to be fun for all those that come.
Use email to inform the campus community. Since this is a charitable event no additional funds are available for marketing
Tactics (Tools and Action):
Use $730 to Turkey Creek to cover the food cost.
People volunteered time / talent / travel and other gifts at no charge
See e-mail visual
6/5/09 Dance Fundraiser Results
$860.00 Pre-Dance Ticket Sales
$1,920 At Door Ticket Sales (total of 139 tickets sold)
$545 Gift Baskets
$135 Other Misc Money & Donations-Cans & Audience Tricks
$2,730 Net Dance Proceeds
Our current team total is $6,996 (our team goal was $5,000)
Lessons Learned:
Have additional strategies in place to reward those that brought in a friend or more. This could mean reduced ticket costs for three or four / or $18 pre-sell / $20 at door. This needs to be discussed.
Michelle Grant
Initial Budget $:
No budget available.

subset: commoncrawl


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A public inquiry into the Ascot and the Sunnings Neighbourhood Development Plan will take place on Wednesday, December 11, overseen by a planning inspector.
Nigel McGurk has selected 16 people who have raised objections about the plan to speak at the hearing.
The focus is on development in Sunningdale and Ascot because they have train stations, to limit the amount of extra traffic. Sunninghill would be protected to enhance its character.
The plan encourages a redevelopment of the centre of Ascot in order to deliver a more attractive shopping centre, plus sensitive development in Sunningdale to improve its economic viability.
The plan proposes that proposed developments com-prising 10 or more properties should actively consult with local people. Proposals set out in the Ascot and the Sunnings Neighbourhood Development Plan – though there are no precise details of the scale of developments – are:
l Terraced houses to the north of Ascot High Street and family homes to the south
l More shops, pubs and rest-aurants to encourage a more vibrant Ascot High Street
l Redevelopment of Ascot train
station area, to include more car parking and some shops
l Support new homes on part of the Heatherwood Hospital site not needed for healthcare services
l Mixed redevelopment in the area around the Broomhall centre in Sunningdale, to include homes, small shops and offices, more parking and possibly a medical centre
l A double-deck car park at Sunningdale train station and some extra shops. Double-deck car park at Waitrose only if there would be no adverse impact on road congestion.
Surrey Heath Borough Council is concerned that the planned developments in Sunningdale would cause traffic and safety issues on the A30 and Chobham Road.
Ascot and the Sunnings Neighbourhood Development Plan is the first of its kind to be submitted to the Royal Borough for possible implementation.
It was drawn up after extensive public consultation, including meetings.
Margaret Morgan, a member of the neighbourhood plan steering group, said: "This really is crunch time for Ascot, Sunninghill and Sunningdale.
"The hard work that everyone has put in over the last three years has come down to this moment. It really will give the community a greater sense of responsibility over what is going on in their community.
"There is nothing to hide now. The whole community has come up with this plan, not just individuals.
"We're feeling positive about it. We wouldn't have submitted it if we thought it was going to fail."
The Royal Borough has hired Nigel McGurk to review the plan, before submitting a report to the council on January 7.
The council will then
decide if any of Mr
McGurk's recommen-dations need to be implemented before putting it to a vote by residents in a public referendum in late February. If 50% or more people vote in favour of the plan, it will become planning law.
The hearing will be held on Wednesday, December 11, at Sunningdale Park in Larch Avenue, starting at noon.


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The Lake Norman Chamber of Commerce's next Focus Friday issues session on Friday, July 19, will examine tax reforms approved at the N.C. General Assembly this week. Huntersville CPA Jay Lesemann will discuss the impact of the changes on businesses and individual taxpayers.
The meeting begins at 8:30am in the Randy Marion Board Room at the Chamber, 19900 W. Catawba Ave., Cornelius.
The General Assembly has approved a tax package that lowers income and corporate tax rates, repeals the estate tax, as well as adjusts state sales tax.
While intended for Chamber of commerce members, the public is invited and participation is encouraged. There is no charge to attend.
Focus Friday is sponsored by CorneliusNews.net and DavidsonNews.net.


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Digital Collections - What are you really seeing?
New digital collections are introduced online daily. As a history student, you need to understand what you are seeing. You may see:
- Archived digital versions of historical documents
- Digitized photographs or maps - how are these items curated? This will make a difference in determining the validity of the images.
- An anthology (or excerpts from a body of work) that may not be considered complete for a research project but may be appropriate for a course.
- Primary or secondary sources - it is critical to understand that determination of source type depends on CONTEXT.
- An aggregator - a website that gives lists of links to other historical websites or collections.
- Articles or images from open access sources.
Need Help? Ask us!
Call the reference desk
Submit your questions to Ask Us!
Stop by the reference desk on the second floor of the library.
Historical Research - Getting Started
This guide provides a starting point for conducting historical research. This guide was written in conjunction with the SHU Department of History.
When you start a research project,
you should ask yourself some basic questions:
What are you looking for? Are you clear about the difference between a database, a book or a journal article? If you are at the beginning of a research project, a book may be an appropriate place to start. A database in a point of entry to access journal articles from scholarly sources. Other databases provide news and statistics.
Do you want a broad overview of your topic? Get an overview in an Encyclopedia. This is an often overlooked important step in your research process.
Are you clear on how to differentiate between search results in the library catalog? The University Library Catalog is an aggregator - it will pull together books, journal articles (from subscription databases), book reviews and electronic resources based on your search terms. Use options on the left side of the catalog window to narrow search results by format or year.
What are your key search terms? Are there alternative terms you can search with?
Where are you headed?
Enter your question or questions here:
Connect with the History Department
Subject Guide
Contact Info
Reference: Mon 1-3, Tues 6-8, Wed 2-4 or by appt
Send Email


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Cranberry Relish
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Cranberry Relish
So yummy you'll lick the spoon, this fantastic take on a old favorite is sure to be a hit this Thanksgiving or anytime. Though it's a luscious complement for turkey, you'll find yourself eating this relish all by itself. I usually have trouble getting it to the table without digging in first. Make an extra batch to lure your family into finishing the turkey leftovers.
- Prep Time : 4 min
- Ready Time : 4 min
- 1 can whole berry cranberry sauce (16-ounce)
- 1 can crushed (or chunk pineapple, drained) (20-ounce)
- 1/4 cup chopped walnuts
- 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
- 1/4 teaspoon nutmeg
- Place cranberry sauce in a medium bowl.
- Mix in pineapple, walnuts, cinnamon and nutmeg.
- Chill in refrigerator for 1 hour before serving.
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West Ham blew the chance to haul themselves out of the Barclays Premier League drop zone as Everton claimed a deserved 1-1 draw at Upton Park.
The Hammers, who climbed off the foot of the table thanks to Sunday's victory at Fulham, took the lead when Tony Hibbert diverted Radoslav Kovac's tame overhead kick into his own net.
The visitors hit back three minutes before half-time through Seamus Coleman, although Carlton Cole wasted a glorious opportunity to win it for the home side in the second period
Copyright (c) PA Sport 2009, All Rights Reserved.


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press release
The ANC (African National Congress) notes with concern the high number of incidents of rape and child rape that occur around the country.
We are in full support of the ANC WomenÂ's Leagues call to for men and women to stand up together and say ENOUGH IS ENOUGH! As a society we cannot tolerate rape in any form. Communities need to come together and assist law enforcement authorities by reporting incidents of rape and identifying the perpetrators.
Rape cannot be a womenÂ's issue alone men also need to play a role in fighting patriarchy in order to achieve the key pillar of true gender equality as defined in the ANC Constitution.
Real men do not rape and every man needs to lead by example and take a stand to protect our daughters, mothers, and sisters. The voice of men needs to loud and clear and we need real men to join our sisters in the WomenÂ's League to support the victims of rape.
No person should ever have to suffer in the horrific manner that 17-year-old Anene Booysens did when she was brutally gang raped and murdered. It is very sad fact that Anene is one in many that have been forced into being victims and this needs these barbaric acts needs to end.
The ANC sees gender based violence and rape as a very high priority and it is with this in mind that we also supports the call of our WomenÂ's Wing for a national commission of enquiry into rape as to formulate a national strategic plan that serves to eradicate rape of women and men in our life time.
We all need to work together to tackle this most violating and violent social ill.


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Showers and thunderstorms tonight and tomorrow
A strong cold front will pass through our region tomorrow ending our brief run of spring-like temperatures.
This Afternoon: Increasing cloudiness. Isolated showers well west of D.C.
Highs: Upper 50s to near 60 | Wind: SE 10
Tonight and Overnight: Breezy and mild with showers likely.
Lows: Around 50 | Wind: S 10-15
Saturday: Windy and mild, a.m.showers and t-storms...clearing during p.m.
Highs: Low 60s | Wind: W 15-25 Gusts 30-35
After hitting 70 degrees yesterday, it's back to reality as we head into the weekend. Temperatures will climb into the upper 50s this afternoon as clouds slowly roll in from the west. As a cold front steam rolls through KY and TN today, there is a high probability of another outbreak of severe weather. Chances are increasing that tornadoes will develop, as well. We do not expect severe weather through the Greater Washington area. But there will be increasing chances of showers and isolated thunderstorms later tonight, overnight and through Saturday morning. Gusty winds and clearing skies are forecast tomorrow afternoon.
Cooler weather will arrive on Sunday. And by Monday and Tuesday, temperatures will actually be below average. When's the last time that happened during this record warm winter?


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By ANGIE CARNATHAN
firstname.lastname@example.com [2]
The Aquila Theatre Company of New York will perform "Macbeth" by William Shakespeare at the Mississippi State University Riley Center in Meridian tonight at 7:30 p.m.
Members of the Shackouls Honors College, some honors English students and members of MSU President Mark Keenum's Leadership Class are riding shuttles from MSU to the Riley Center to see the legendary tragedy.
"Dr. Keenum thought it would be great to offer some of the honors students and members of his leadership class the chance to ride the shuttle over to the Riley Center in Meridian to see one of Shakespeare's greatest plays performed by a professional company," said MSU Executive Director of External Affairs Kyle Steward.
The play, famous for the opening line, "Double, double toil and trouble; fire burn, and cauldron bubble," is one of Shakespeare's most thrilling and mysterious tragedies.
Although it is Shakespeare's shortest tragedy, it manages to weaves a deceptive web of murder, witchcraft, hallucinations, sleep-walking and a young woman's loss of reality, leading to her suicide.
The Aquila Theatre Company has performed plays since 1991. Its tour of "Macbeth" began in October and will travel across the nation until the end of March 2012. Its contemporary take on the play emphasizes the complex relationships that swirl around Macbeth's descent into madness and murder.
There is an old theater rumor that people believe the play is cursed and won't speak its title, instead calling it such names as "the Scottish play."
Although she said she can't speak to the validity of the curse, MSU Communication and Theatre Professor Donna Clevinger said all Shakespeare plays represent challenges for the performers, but "MacBeth" is definitely one of the most challenging.
"'MacBeth' is one of the more difficult tragedies to perform," Clevinger said. "You have to perform ghosts, it has a lot of very intense emotional and physical scenes, and of course, you have to be able to get comfortable with the language."
Clevinger said that although it's a dark and in some ways depressing play, it is still an audience favorite.
"It's a tragedy, so it's a very dark, but it is also very exciting for the audience to witness the lies and deceptions and family drama that goes on," Clevinger said.
The play has long won critical acclaim wherever it is performed.
"The mark of any decent production of 'Macbeth' is that it should send shivers of fear racing down the spine," said Charles Spencer of The Telegraph.
Tickets are $28 and $22 at the MSU Riley Center box office, which is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday. Tickets can be purchased online at http://www.msurileycenter.com [3] or by calling the box office at 601-696-2200.
[1] http://www.starkvilledailynews.com/sites/default/files/macbet.jpg
[2] mailto:email@example.com
[3] http://www.msurileycenter.com


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The term planning is a very general one. There are city and town planners and also corporate planners. The Pentagon employs numerous military planners. The launching of a space shuttle is the culmination of a tremendously complex and sophisticated planning process. Wealthy individuals who prefer to leave as much as possible of their wealth to their heirs and as little as possible to the Internal Revenue Service employ the services of estate planners. And so on.
Planning in its generic meaning, then, is a ubiquitous activity. Cutting across all types of planning is a certain common denominator. All have in common a conscious effort to define systematically and think through a problem to improve the quality of decision making. The planning discussed in this book represents a very small part of the total planning activity in the United States. Specifically, this book focuses on public planning at the substate level, that which is done by and for cities, counties, towns, and other units of local governments. We will also examine, much more briefly, planning for metropolitan regions, the states, and the question of national planning. This edition also contains a chapter which surveys planning in a number of other nations.
The reader who has at least sampled other books on planning will notice that this book has some particular emphases, specifically on politics, economics, ideology, law, and the question of who benefits and who loses by particular decisions. These emphases stem from my experience as a working planner. I entered planning in 1969 with a background in economics and journalism but with no specific training in planning. In my ignorance of the field, I assumed that if engineers planned bridges and architects planned buildings, then city and town planners planned cities and towns in an essentially similar way. In effect, I thought of planning as engineering or architecture writ large.
It did not take me long to learn that planning is a highly political activity. Not only is it immersed in politics, but also it is inseparable from the law. The ultimate arbiter of many a planning dispute is the court. Anal for every case that comes to court, some dozens of planning decisions have been conditioned by what the participants in the process think would be the decision if the matter were to come to court.
Planning decisions often involve large sums of money. In some cases large sums of public money are involved in the form of capital investments. But even when little in the way of public expenditure is involved, planning decisions can deliver large benefits to some and large losses to others. Thus to understand planning, one must understand something of the economic and financial issues at stake.
The study of planning quickly takes one into ideology. Planning issues and controversy inevitably raise questions about the proper role of government and the line between public needs and private rights. What properly is to be a matter of political decision, and what properly should be left to the market? Planning can raise issues that are not easily resolved. Planners are a fairly idealistic lot and often enter the field to serve the public interest. After immersion in a few public controversies, the beginning planner may wonder if there is such a thing as the public interest. For if there is, there ought to be some general agreement among the public on what it is. But one can spend a long time in some areas of planning without seeing a single instance of this agreement.
In this book I have tried to convey something of the reality of planning practice and something of what goes on under the surface of events. I hope that the reader will not find this reality disillusioning, for planning in an open and democratic society cannot be smooth and simple. Planning as it is-involved in political controversy, hedged about by the trends of judicial decisions, inextricably tied to economic questions, and connected to issues of ideology-is far more interesting than it would be if it were simply architecture or engineering writ large.
The book contains a certain amount of material on history and technology because the issues that planning focuses on are largely ones that political, social, and economic change bring to the forefront. For example, it can be argued that one of the biggest influences on American cities in the 1960s and 1970s was the massive acceleration in the mechanization of agriculture that began after the end of World War II. That event, the result of both economic and technological forces, set in motion a huge migration of population. The effects of this migration are still being felt in America's cities. I hope the book will help readers make some connections of that sort and develop the habit of looking for other such connections on their own.
Though the book is about planning, it is assumed that most of its readers will not become planners. Therefore I have tried to write a book that would be of some value in the course of a liberal education, quite apart from imparting information on planning. I have gone somewhat more lightly over matters like the enumeration of federal programs (information that tends to age rapidly in any case) and placed an emphasis on connecting planning with ideas and with the main currents of events in the larger society.
The best and most effective planners are those with good peripheral vision--those who not only have mastered the technical side of planning but also understand the relationships between planning issues and the major forces in the society around them. I have endeavored to write a text consistent with that view.
The structure of this edition is the same as that of the fifth edition, but considerable new material has been added. The legal environment of planning continues to evolve, and so I have added new material on court cases. Growth management, too, is an evolving area of planning and therefore I have added and deleted material there.
Levy, John M. : Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
1. An Overview.
2. The Urbanization of America.
3. The History of Planning: Part I.
4. The History of Planning: Part II.
5. The Legal Basis of Planning.
6. Planning and Politics.
7. The Social Issues.
8. The Comprehensive Plan.
9. The Tools of Land-Use Planning.
10. Urban Design.
11. Urban Renewal and Community Development.
12. Transportation Planning.
13. Economic Development Planning.
14. Growth Management Planning.
15. Environmental and Energy Planning.
16. Planning for Metropolitan Regions.
17. National Planning in the United States.
18. Planning in Other Nations.
19. Planning Theory.
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Southeast Asia Tours
Cambodia Vietnam Laos Myanmar Thailand
At Southeast Asia Tours we specialize in custom-designed travel to an area of the world that has emerged as the destination
of choice for avid, adventurous travelers. The people of these nations welcome visitors, and proudly share their
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In Thailand ride an elephant to hilltribe villages; tour the ornate Buddhist temples in Bangkok; relax on stunning island beaches.
In Vietnam the famous tunnels of Cu Chi will give you a new perspective on the Vietnam War; cruise exquisite Halong Bay with its limestone peaks and floating villages; marvel at Imperial Hue.
Myanmar (Burma) and Laos are home to exquisite temples and pagodas - not to mention spectacular scenery and fascinating culture. These two countries are less visited than other areas of Southeast Asia, giving them a deserved aura of mystery.
Indonesia (Clicking here takes you to our affiliate website - Bali Barong Tours.)
These magical lands await you. Immerse yourself in their centuries of diverse traditions and culture, genuine hospitality, delicious food, outdoor adventure and accommodations to suit every taste.
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Independent Contractor for Michael's Travel Centre
Phone: (805) 484-9393 • Toll Free: (866) 462-2254 • Fax: (805) 484-9595


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May. 26, 2015
UTICA, NY - A new initiative is in the works in Utica, where the county is doling out money to those willing to invest in the city's downtown district. The idea is to create more, much needed housing for when Nano workers begin moving to the area, while at the same time, helping to revitalize downtown.
May. 12, 2015
UTICA-ROME, NY - Nano-Utica has been the talk of this region for a few years now.


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With Instructables you can share what you make with the world and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
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Create »
gather your favorite instructables together
Your homemade letter sender. Your own envelope. You will need scissors to cut the paper a little. Instead of having to give someone a plain hand-given...
Fold and unfold to make a crease.
You will have to fold the sides to the crease. Then you will have a kite. It will turn out like this:
Bring the bottom point a little bit over the sides.
Notice the sides. Fold the top point under the sides.
Notice the side points. Fold the side points toward the middle points.
Before you seal the envelope, put the message in the envelope(of course!). Now you have a Envelope!
We have a be nice comment policy. Please be positive and constructive.
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Bar charts
Bar charts are a good way to visualize one or more categories of data, particularly if each category has sub-categories. These charts allow you to visually express the difference between the data points of each category. In the chart below, for example, we can track Olympic medals earned by country, with the sub-categories of Gold, Silver and Bronze medals.
Data Format
Each row in your spreadsheet represents a different bar in the chart. In the first column of your spreadsheet, write the labels or classifications for each row. For example, this could be countries or other classifications of data. Each remaining column needs to contain numeric data. The data format for a area chart is the same as the data format for bar, line, and area charts.
You may also want to name each of the columns containing data in your spreadsheet. If you do so, we'll automatically detect these names and use them as labels for your data on the chart. You can also set or change this setting by selecting the checkbox that reads 'Use Row A as headers.'
Last, you can chart uncertainty about your data using boolean values.
Stacked bar chart
Data for a stacked bar chart is structured similarly to a bar chart, but data for each label or classification is aggregated into one bar, instead of multiple bars. This bar contains all data for any given label or classification, and allows you to see the relationship of parts to the whole.
Learn how to customize your chart.
Matt is a Docs & Drive expert and author of this help page. Leave him feedback below about the page.


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About Our Investing Blog
We believe the more financial knowledge you have, the less your financial anxieties will be. Through this blog we are committed to giving you current market updates, insight and investing advice.
Feel free to submit comments below on topics or questions you would like us to address in our investing blogs. We enjoy dialogue and desire to hear from our readers. You never know, your suggestion could be our next blog or video.
I also invite you to subscribe to our free Financial Insights eNewsletter below. This monthly publication is full of financial and investing insight for investors as well as a summary of what you may have missed here on our blog. We promise to keep your information private and secure.
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Wealth Consultant


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Quinta dos Caracois Reviews
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This is a really very nice apartment / villa complex a couple of miles outside of downtown Lagos. The staff is efficient and the views are very nice. Ideally it would be a little closer to both the beach and to town, but then it would be 2x the price. Overall, we recommend this to families, but you do need a car.
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Admission into the Ivy League and other top schools is also considered to be meritocratic. A major part of a student's application is his or her SAT score. Admissions officers use this "standardized" test to compare students from different backgrounds against each other.
Why so expensive? Because it guarantees a score of at least 2100, provided the student enrolled in the class with an 1850 or above. A 2100 is the 90th percentile, comparable to a 1400 on the old 1600-point SAT. This outstanding score will make admissions officers "drool," according to Princeton Review's website.
A 2100 might not get you in anywhere you want, but it will certainly garner your application a second look. Of course, if you were able to afford the $2,000 prep class, you were probably also able to afford volunteer work, extracurriculars and other components of a stellar application. You may have just bought yourself into the Ivy League because of an advantage that other students who also began with an 1850 just couldn't afford.
But the real problem is that the SAT is not meritocratic in the first place and never has been. It was designed, like other intelligence tests, in the 1920s by white males at Harvard and Princeton who thought they could objectively measure the intelligence of all Americans. Their methods were grounded in the then-popular ideology of eugenics, a pseudo-science founded on racism, classism, ableism and homophobia.
Although eugenics is not longer a respectable discipline, traces of these theories still exist, notably in the SAT. The College Board, which produces the SAT, uses questions that in practice give preference to white students because these questions — ones that high-scoring (mostly white) test takers answer correctly in pretesting — are deemed more reliable than those that give preference to students of other ethnicities. Princeton Review Foundation Director Jay Rosner wrote in the Chronicle of Higher Education and the Nation magazine that the October 2000 SAT was entirely made up of such "white-preference questions." This unfair process is cyclical and self-sustaining, as testing fees from mostly wealthy, mostly white students pay the salaries of College Board employees.
Why do elite schools continue to place so much emphasis on the SAT, when the test is racist and easily "gamed" by students who can afford expensive prep classes? The Ivy League should follow the lead of hundreds of other institutions in going SAT-optional. This process forces admissions officers to examine each application holistically, looking deeper into high school GPAs, recommendations, essays, interviews, and other more nuanced elements of the application.
Full disclosure: I am the white, (relatively) wealthy student that the SAT was designed to favor. My family also could afford to send me to a $600 prep class with a money-back guarantee, where I learned simple tricks to work the test. My score improved; I was accepted into Columbia University. I would like to believe that other factors like my funny essays and years of work experience contributed to my acceptance, and I'm sure they did — slightly. But I've always thought that $600 prep class really made the difference, and that's massively unfair.
I bought myself a higher score because my family could afford to, and many of my peers at Columbia did the same. We like to think we're all here because we earned it. But many of us are here because we could pay the price of admission.
Carlene Buccino is a graduate of the Baltimore School for the Arts and a student at Columbia University. Her email is email@example.com.


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This circuit measures temperature in Celsius scale and displays it on an alphanumeric LCD screen
When temperature rise to 40 C an alarm is activated and at the same time a relay is also activated which
drives a fan to keep the temperature at a level. Another feature of this circuit is that you can use the keys "1,2,3,4" of a Philips TV IR remote to turn on or off three relays, The key '4' is used to turn on or off the over temperature alarm.
IR Digital Thermostat for FAN – [Link]
One Response to "IR Digital Thermostat for FAN"
help Says:
December 9th, 2009 at 10:45 am
Can you use the ir technology in your tv remote to created an ir thermometer?
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Valencia have reportedly made a bid for Manchester United striker Javier Hernandez.
Metro cite speculation in Spain when claiming that the La Liga outfit have tabled an offer for the Mexican forward.
And, the paper goes on to claim that Los Che would be willing to spend £15million on the player in the summer – providing they secure his services on loan today.
Since the arrival of David Moyes at Manchester United in the summer, Hernandez has made just 14 appearances for the Premier League champions this season.
And, the paper claims Chicharito has asked to leave the Red Devils, as confidence grows at the Mestalla that they can lure the player to Spain.
Following the arrival of Robin van Persie last summer, the 25-year-old has fallen down the pecking order at Manchester United, with Wayne Rooney and Danny Welbeck also vying for first team opportunities.
But, with time ticking down in the transfer window, it would be seen as a major surprise if the striker was to leave Old Trafford for pastures new.


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|"ThunderClan will never be safe if we are divided inside the walls of our own camp."
|— Dovewing's thoughts on ThunderClan and the Dark Forest trainees in Dovewing's Silence, chapter 9
|Approx. 54 moons (4.5 years)[2]
|Bumblestripe (formerly)
|Book Appearances
|Battles of the Clans, The Ultimate Guide, Sunrise, Hollyleaf's Story, The Fourth Apprentice, Fading Echoes, Mistystar's Omen, Night Whispers, Sign of the Moon, The Forgotten Warrior, The Last Hope, Dovewing's Silence, Bramblestar's Storm
Dovewing is a fluffy,[2] pale [6] smoky[7]-gray[2] she-cat with brilliant[8] blue eyes.[6]
In the Super Editon Arc
Bramblestar's Storm
- Coming Soon
In the Power of Three Arc
- Knowing that one of the two sisters might be part of the prophecy, being Firestar's kin, Jayfeather and Lionblaze watch them closely. At the end of the book, Dovekit and Ivykit make their first venture out of the nursery with all of the warriors watching them. Jayfeather and Lionblaze suspect one of the two sisters to be the third cat, since their sister, Hollyleaf, disappeared into the tunnels.
In the Omen of the Stars Arc
The Fourth Apprentice
- Dovekit is first seen as a kit, spying in the apprentices' den. When Jayfeather catches them, Dovekit and Ivykit innocently tell him that they were just choosing good places for their nests, and that they would do everything together as apprentices, but Jayfeather reminds them that they can't do everything together forever.
- Dovekit and Jayfeather are the first cats to realize that the camp is on fire, and Jayfeather is surprised at her very sharp senses for a kit, as she warned the Clan cats before he did. Dovekit is soon apprenticed to Lionblaze, along with her sister, Ivykit, who during the ceremony, states she thought she was going to be sick, putting Dovekit in a brief state of panic worrying that her sister can't be sick in their apprenticeship ceremony, who are then known as Dovepaw and Ivypaw. Lionblaze and Cinderheart, Ivypaw's mentor, take them down to the lake and to gather water for the current drought. They are surprised to see how diminutive it is. She says to her sister that they should know who is on the ShadowClan patrol far away, already hinting at her powers. While Dovepaw listens closely to what Lionblaze had to say, Ivypaw wanders away to investigate a dead fish on the ground. A RiverClan warrior, Rainstorm, sees her, and dashes towards her, thinking she is eating the fish and stealing prey. In his rush to attack, he gets trapped in the wet mud and requires help. After rescuing him, they take him back to the ThunderClan camp to rest. When Rainstorm regains his strength, Dovepaw is one of the cats chosen to later escort Rainstorm home. When they reach the RiverClan camp, she notices that there is a very ill cat inside. Dovepaw is surprised that no other cat can sense this.
- A moon later, she gets a dream from Yellowfang, where the gray she-cat tells her the prophecy: After the sharp-eyed jay and the roaring lion, peace will come on the dove's gentle wing. Dovepaw tries to forget about the dream, but then realizes that it isn't an ordinary dream, and later finds out that it is a prophecy about her, Lionblaze, and Jayfeather.
- Dovepaw tells every cat about the big brown animals she has heard are blocking the water from getting to the lake. The warriors don't believe her, thinking it's just a tale from the nursery, some even complaining about this nonsense. Even her father tells her to stop telling lies. After everything has quieted down, Lionblaze goes over to her and says to follow him. He leads her outside of the apprentices' den and asks her what she can hear, and she says that she can hear the dawn patrol returning, and that Berrynose trod on a thistle a while ago. When the patrol appears, Lionblaze sees that she is right. He then goes to get Jayfeather, and says his suspicions that Dovepaw may be the One. Dovepaw asks them what the One is, but is ignored. Jayfeather tells her that she can hear things and see things other cats can't, which surprises Dovepaw. She is resentful when she finds out that she is part of the prophecy, stating that she does not wish to be special. Jayfeather explains to her that it's not her choice, and she has to learn about her powers for the good of the four Clans.
- When Lionblaze convinces Firestar, who then convinces the other leaders, to send a patrol upstream to see if something is blocking the water, Dovepaw and her mentor are chosen to go for ThunderClan. They meet up on ShadowClan territory and find that Tigerheart and Toadfoot from ShadowClan, Petalfur and Rippletail from RiverClan, and Whitetail and Sedgewhisker from WindClan would be going with them. Soon after their quest begins, they head off to the Greenleaf Twolegplace. Dovepaw is then frightened along with her companions, as they are driven back nearly to the forest. During this journey, one of the ShadowClan cats, Tigerheart, appears to show affection for her and wants to protect her a lot, though Dovepaw is annoyed by his protectiveness. Soon after, they find out beavers are blocking the stream and they have a battle with them, aided by kittypets Snowdrop, Jigsaw, and Seville. Unfortunately, Rippletail dies from the attack. Dovepaw is the cat that goes inside the dam to break it. Dovepaw returns from the journey and is struggling emotionally as she does not have the comfort of her new found friends, but she still does make up with Ivypaw, and tells her that she will always be her friend, and will never leave her again.
Fading Echoes
- Dovepaw awakens only to be bothered by another dream revolving around the death of Rippletail, still believing that it was her fault that the tom had died on the journey. She is haunted constantly by his death. She uses her powers to check on the other Clans territories. When she spots two cats near the lakeshore on ThunderClan territory, she becomes worried and goes to Jayfeather who identifies the cats as Mothwing and Mistyfoot. He explains to her that they're grieving for the loss of Leopardstar and are on their way to the Moonpool. She asks if they should tell Firestar, but Jayfeather only counters with asking would she really want to wake their leader. The she-cat agrees and questions the tom about deputies always becoming leader. Jayfeather then tells her the stories of Mudclaw and Hawkfrost. He finally helps relieve her of her thoughts about Rippletail, telling her every cat has a destiny and Rippletail followed his to his death, so it wasn't her fault at all. Dovepaw feels better at this, but still wants to tell Firestar about Leopardstar's death. Jayfeather becomes annoyed, saying she wouldn't have a way of explaining how she knew and Firestar couldn't know of their powers. Dovepaw is upset by this, but she is shooed off and goes to join patrols.
- Brambleclaw selects her to go on border patrol with Lionblaze and himself. He chooses Ivypaw and Cinderheart to join them as well. As the patrol goes through the forest, Dovepaw sends leaves flying onto her sister's back. Her sister does the same and they begin to chase each other leading up to Dovepaw pushing Ivypaw off of a log. Dovepaw becomes worried when her sister doesn't respond after her fall, but Ivypaw is only playing dead. The sisters continue to play until they catch sight of the now full lake. They head down to it, remembering how it is just a muddy patch with dead fish. Ivypaw questions how the water came back and Dovepaw explains that all the streams are still running. Their thoughts are interrupted by their deputy who is angry with them by all the noise they made. The two feel ashamed of what they've done and agree to remark the scent markings only for Ivypaw to get a splinter in her paws. Cinderheart gets it out and Brambleclaw finds the stick that caused the problem. Dovepaw remembers when she had trotted over once before as well. The group are ordered to get rid of the wood and throw it into the lake. Just as the last one is gone, Dovepaw hears the sound of a cat hurt. She recognizes it as Jayfeather, seeing him licking himself trying to figure out what had hurt him. Dovepaw shivers for a reason she can't explain as she sees the worry in Lionblaze's eyes. It had been Jayfeather's stick.
- Then Dovepaw goes to practice battle tactics in trees, with Ivypaw, Lionblaze, and Cinderheart the next morning, which is a stormy and vicious day. Firestar has decided to add new battle tactics, tree-climbing being one of them, since ThunderClan is the best climber of the four Clans. Cinderheart instructs the two apprentices to drop onto Lionblaze's shoulders, pretending he's a ShadowClan patrol, as he hunts for a squirrel, and after several tries, they successfully surprise him after a while. Dovepaw hears dogs chasing WindClan warriors, Sedgewhisker one of them, and is left in a foul mood after Lionblaze tells her she can't be as close to Sedgewhisker as she was before. After Cinderheart tells her and Ivypaw about how Longtail says he once crossed from the Great Sycamore to camp without once touching the ground, Dovepaw and Ivypaw race, but Dovepaw hops onto a branch and falls to the ground, falling onto Lionblaze.
- That night, Dovepaw is unable to fall asleep. Ivypaw suggests they go out into the forest like they did before, and Dovepaw shows Ivypaw a secret way out of camp since Rosepetal is guarding the camp entrance. Dovepaw coaxes Ivypaw into going into WindClan territory to see how Sedgewhisker is doing, as she is worried about her friend after the dog attack. Eventually, they make it onto the moorlands and just outside WindClan camp. They get caught when Weaselfur raises the alarm as they talk to Sedgewhisker, causing the entire Clan to wake up. Then Heathertail and Breezepelt are chosen to lead them back to ThunderClan camp. Insisting they see Firestar, Heathertail and Breezepelt talk to Rosepetal, who is on guard, into allowing them into camp. The chapter ends as nearly every cat comes out to see why WindClan is in the camp. Dovepaw finds out that Firestar knows she is the third cat of the prophecy.
- Dovepaw is first to hear that a tree is falling, and tells all the cats to clear the hollow. Mousefur is stubborn and refuses to leave, resulting in Longtail's death and Briarpaw's injured backbone. Dovepaw blames herself, saying that if she had warned the Clan faster, this wouldn't have happened, but Lionblaze tells her she did the best she could. Towards the end, Dovepaw participates in the battle against ShadowClan that Tigerstar told Ivypaw about.
Night Whispers
- Dovepaw gets the very first point of view in the book, just as the battle with ShadowClan is ending. She notices Firestar, who has lost a life, being dragged away from the battlefield, and Russetfur, lying dead on the ground with Blackstar bent grievingly over her. ThunderClan declares the battle done, and all the cats leave in silence. She wonders if the battle was her fault.
- The next morning, after the battle, Dovepaw wakes up to voices. She hears Lionblaze and Jayfeather talking about Ivypaw, and she gets up to go join them, but Berrynose cuts her off.
- Dovepaw then joins Berrynose, Ivypaw, and Cinderheart on their hunting party. All throughout their hunting trip, Dovepaw is distracted, attempting in vain to listen to Lionblaze and Jayfeather's conversation. When she finally locates them, she hears them talking about how Ivypaw is training with the Dark Forest, and she is shocked. She continues with her training, but only half-heartedly, immersed in her own mind. Dovepaw wanders throughout the forest, still thinking. She demands to know if Ivypaw is training in the Dark Forest, and Ivypaw is defensive, saying it is only to make her a better warrior. Ivypaw is fed up with her arguments and leaves her alone. Dovepaw finds Jayfeather in his den, and they have a quarrel.
- That next night, she meets Tigerheart. She follows him to the abandoned Twoleg nest where they play for a while. When Tigerheart is showing off on the beams, leaping from one to the other to the next, Dovepaw hears a crack, which reminds her of the beech tree that fell over ThunderClan's camp, and in a panic, she knocks Tigerheart from the log. When they both recover enough to look up at the beam, it looks whole, but when they look closer, they notice a tiny, fresh split in it. They joke around until Tigerheart grows serious and confesses to Dovepaw his true feelings for her. Dovepaw reciprocates and two agree to regularly meet at night.
- Lionblaze takes Dovepaw out hunting and training with her sister and Cinderheart. Lionblaze noticed that she seemed tired and weary, though he doesn't know why. Dovepaw catches a blackbird. When she does so, she hears the fox in the camp, and lets the blackbird go. They sprint towards camp, joining up with Cinderheart and Ivypaw. Lionblaze launches himself at the fox, but is knocked away, and Dovepaw joins into the fight, nipping at its legs. ThunderClan manage to drive the fox away. Dovepaw is guilty, thinking she should have heard the fox sooner, but Lionblaze soothes her by saying that she could not have been expected to hear it while she was busy hunting. Ivypaw overhears their conversation and snaps at her, asking why she always acts like she is so special even when they are so far from the hollow. They go off to fight it alone, and drive it away, out of Clan land.
- Dovepaw goes to find Jayfeather, who makes his excuses and leads her away to talk. They meet Lionblaze and speak about Ivypaw and her visits to the Dark Forest. She races off to go hunt, then encounters Ivypaw, who reveals her knowledge about Dovepaw and Tigerheart's secret meetings. Dovepaw retaliates with her knowledge about the Dark Forest meetings, and Ivypaw tells her that Tigerheart visits the Dark Forest, too. However, Dovepaw refuses to believe it and tells her to leave her alone.
- Lionblaze calls her to go hunting with him by the WindClan border. They leave, taking Cinderheart and Leafpool along with them. Lionblaze and Breezepelt get into a fight over a thrush and the hunting patrol intervenes. Cinderheart leads Dovepaw away from the border and Lionblaze sends her off to go hunt by herself.
- That night, Dovepaw meets with Tigerheart at the arranged spot. She tells him naively about Jayfeather's herb patch. Dovepaw hears her sister, who had followed them. A ShadowClan patrol chances upon Tigerheart and the two sisters. Tigerheart quickly hides Dovepaw under a bush and Ivypaw is captured. In a panic, Dovepaw returns to the camp and goes into her den. She pretends to wake up and notice that Ivypaw is missing. The Clan learns that she has been captured by ShadowClan, though they don't know why she was out by the border at night. Dovepaw's feeling of guilt intensifies when she learns that ShadowClan will return Ivypaw in exchange for the herbs to cure Littlecloud's greencough. She confronts Tigerheart at the Gathering and demands to know why he told his Clan about the herbs. She feels hurt and betrayed by Tigerheart and ceased her meetings with him. At the end of the book, Dovepaw tells her sister of her powers and promises to take care of her.
Sign of the Moon
- Dovepaw goes into her warrior assessment with her mentor, Lionblaze, with Spiderleg assessing her. She has trouble with her assessment because she keeps focusing on how Ivypaw is doing with hers. She doesn't catch anything on the first part of the assessment. For the second part, she is paired with Icecloud to try hunting in pairs. She is nervous about giving a warrior instructions, but decides on catching a blackbird. When Icecloud is getting into position, Dovepaw can hear a hollow sound underneath her footsteps, and realizes that Icecloud is falling. Dovepaw tries to pull her to safety, but she falls into a tunnel and wrenches her shoulder. Lionblaze offers to get Icecloud, but since Dovepaw is smaller, she offers to get Icecloud instead. She succeeds in rescuing Icecloud.
- She receives her warrior name, Dovewing, and her sister receives hers: Ivypool. She had feared that she wouldn't pass since she didn't catch anything, but because of her actions during Icecloud's accident, she was deemed worthy of becoming a warrior. She and Lionblaze both showed surprise when Spiderleg recommended her for becoming a warrior.
- At the Gathering, she sits with Bumblestripe and seems to show some affection for him. Towards the end of it, Tigerheart finds her and pleads while he had betrayed her telling his Clan about ThunderClan's catmint in the previous book, his feelings for her were real. Dovewing, angry and confused, rejects resuming their forbidden relationship and while she may still love him, she can no longer fully trust him. Dovewing thinks about Tigerheart while going back to camp, wishing she could forget about him. Meanwhile Blossomfall walks with her and teasingly tells her that she stole her brother Bumblestripe's heart, though her gaze is serious. Dovewing is surprised and replies she's sure he doesn't see her that way.
- Firestar assigns her, Foxleap, and Squirrelflight to go to the mountains with Jayfeather. On the journey, Dovewing hears all the Twoleg noises and closes her eyes, too afraid to open them. Then Jayfeather tells her to block out her senses and she does, walking beside Foxleap, who appears to have a small crush on her. They also come across two dogs, and Dovewing and Foxleap are supposed to hide Jayfeather in a hedge. But the second dog, who is much, much older than the first dog, comes and barks at the other dog. Foxleap predicts playfully that the other dog was scolding the younger to stop attacking the cats, and to go back to herding the sheep.
- When they arrive at the Tribe's home, she tries a nest that is lined with feathers. She hates that the feathers stick to her fur. She talks to Splash and tells her that she misses the trees and grass. After this, an eagle attacks a group of rogues, and she and Foxleap are told to stay back. When Swoop is carried off, they return to the tribe's camp to give the news.
The Forgotten Warrior
- Dovewing has had nightmares for a moon after they came back from their journey. Dovewing constantly has night terrors of Swoop being carried off by the hawk. Her mother, Whitewing, tries comforting her kits, and excuses them from Brambleclaw's orders. Whitewing asks her kits what is wrong, and while Ivypool doesn't want to tell her about the Dark Forest, Dovewing tells her about the nightmares. Dovewing later admits to Jayfeather, Lionblaze, and Ivypool that her powers are not working since the trip to the mountains and wonders if she has lost them forever. Tigerheart tells her about Dawnpelt believing Jayfeather has killed her brother, Flametail. Tigerheart warns her a few times about this.
- Cinderheart tells Dovewing about how Bumblestripe really likes her after Dovewing rejects his invitation to go for a walk. Cinderheart then advises that if there are no obstacles for getting to know someone better, then it's best if Dovewing took the opportunity. Dovewing goes to find Bumblestripe, learning at the same time her powers are back. Soon she starts having a close relationship with Bumblestripe.
- During her battle training with Brambleclaw, Bumblestripe chooses Dovewing over his sister, Blossomfall. This makes Blossomfall upset when he chooses Dovewing as a partner over his littermate. At the end of the training, Blossomfall comments that Dovewing's paws were all over the place, clearly insulting her. Dovewing mentions that littermates are more important than friends to Bumblestripe. Bumblestripe replies back that he was hoping that there was more than just friendship between them. This stuns Dovewing, not knowing what to say. At the end of the chapter, she is thinking about both Tigerheart and Bumblestripe and how she cannot have Tigerheart yet she can have Bumblestripe. Throughout the book, Dovewing appears to have feelings for Tigerheart still, but is now more determined to get over him.
- She and Ivypool are the first ones to really "meet" Hollyleaf for the first time in the book after she helps them escape the tunnels after WindClan knows they're being eavesdropped on.
- She is the one who hears Sorreltail wailing with her kits going to be born early, and is able to find Sorreltail with Jayfeather. A few cats question how good she can hear since Sorreltail was so far away. When Sorreltail is giving birth, Jayfeather gets her to return to camp to grab some of the herbs he needed for birthing, she sprints back and meets a patrol that is heading for Sorreltail, after pausing to ask why they were leaving, she slips into the medicine cat den to receive the herbs needed. When she gives Sorreltail a stick to bite down on, Jayfeather gives her a nod of approval and Dovewing sighs knowing she finally had done something correct.
- During her training with Hollyleaf in the tunnels, Hollyleaf makes her and the other cats with her find their way through the tunnels by leading them into passageways and making them find their way back. When it is Dovewing's turn she finds it very easy to do and waits a bit before going back so the others wouldn't be suspicious. Dovewing also finds it hard at first to train in the tunnels because it has small space to use her paws.
- Dovewing wakes in the middle of the night yowling that WindClan was going to attack with Sol. Firestar takes quick action and gets quick patrols for the tunnel openings. A few cats are surprised how Dovewing can be so sure. When WindClan meets them, they are shocked at first as Dovewing's point of view is. At the end of the battle, she witnesses Hollyleaf's fight with Sol, but Hollyleaf does not kill him because it is against the warrior code. She lets him off with a warning, and she told him that if she sees him again, she will kill him. Hollyleaf and Dovewing then leave the tunnels, concluding the book.
The Last Hope
- Dovewing is first seen when she wakes Ivypool up while the tabby-and-white cat tries to spy on a map of the planned battle drawn by Brokenstar. Ivypool growls at her, which makes Dovewing ask her if she wanted to stay in the Place of No Stars, and is confused as to why her sister is suddenly so aggressive.
- Jayfeather gathers the Three to talk about the prophecy. He tells Dovewing and Lionblaze that there is a fourth cat, much to their astonishment. Dovewing is distressed, thinking that they'd done something wrong. She, Lionblaze, and Jayfeather argue who is the fourth. Dovewing believes Ivypool to be the fourth, while Lionblaze and Jayfeather think of Hollyleaf and Mothwing respectively.
- Dovewing walks away from Lionblaze who is still sitting from their talk with Jayfeather. It is noted that Dovewing is thinking so hard that she steps on a thorn and makes a squeaking noise. When she hears strange voices and smells ShadowClan, she realizes she'd crossed the border on accident. Tigerheart is one of the cats in the patrol, and he hisses to Dovewing to stay calm and that he'd get her out. He then persuades the rest of the patrol to go on without him. After the other cats had gone, they argue over Tigerheart's support of Dawnpelt's accusations against Jayfeather. Tigerheart then blurts out that he wishes they didn't argue and that he misses her. He moves closer to her and asks her to meet him that night. She reluctantly agrees and walks to the border, running so quickly that she nearly crashes into Firestar. When the ginger leader questions her distracted disposition, he assumes that she was merely listening for trouble, which annoys Dovewing.
- The next day, Ivypool and Dovewing go out for a training session with Molepaw and Cherrypaw. Ivypool comments that Dovewing looks tired. Dovewing lies and says that the forest sounds kept her awake. When watching the apprentices training, Dovewing tells Ivypool there is a fourth cat, and also tells Ivypool that she thinks she is the fourth cat. Ivypool argues that she isn't, much to Dovewing's disappointment.
- A ShadowClan patrol enters the ThunderClan camp after Lionblaze picks a fight with their border patrol. Firestar promises it won't happen again, and the patrol exits the camp. Dovewing watches the thorns where Tigerheart had been. Bumblestripe asks her if she wants to go hunting. She replies yes, but asks Foxleap to come too so that she and Bumblestripe aren't alone. After telling the two cats that she'd catch up, an elder bush hisses, and Tigerheart comes out, saying he'd missed her. They agree to meet again later.
- She meets Tigerheart that night and they race each other. She then says that next leaf-fall he might be in ThunderClan and they could have kits. This shocks Tigerheart, but Dovewing says it's not important now. She thinks to herself that it was a dumb thing to say out loud.
- In a dream, she sees Rock, Midnight, Lionblaze, and Jayfeather. They talk about the prophecy. Though, Jayfeather tells Rock to stop talking in riddles and tell them who the Fourth is. Rock continues, ignoring him and informing the three that their very existence is what has doomed the Clans, as if they hadn't been born the prophecy wouldn't have been fulfilled and the Dark Forest wouldn't be rising. The dream ends, Rock telling them to find the Fourth. When they wake up, the Three talk about their dream.
- While waiting for ThunderClan to leave for the full-moon gathering, Dovewing silently hopes for Tigerheart to be there. Bumblestripe offers her a mouse, but she says she isn't hungry, telling him to eat if he is.
- On the way to the Gathering, Bumblestripe comments on her distraction, saying that she'd nearly run him into a tree. She snaps at him, telling him to watch where he's going, causing Bumblestripe to race ahead of her. Rosepetal catches this and asks Dovewing if she enjoys hurting his feelings telling her that it isn't a crime to like someone and to apologize. Dovewing slowly agrees, and then catches up to him, apologizing. Bumblestripe rejects her, however.
- After the Gathering, Dovewing and Tigerheart are caught talking by Bumblestripe. Dovewing lies and says they were talking about the strange scents found in every Clans' territory as the leaders had discussed during the Gathering. Bumblestripe replies that he doesn't care what she does.
- Dovewing, Jayfeather, and Lionblaze tell Brambleclaw, Squirrelflight, and Leafpool about their powers. Dovewing also agrees to go meet with the other leaders and medicine cats along with Jayfeather and Lionblaze. She then tells the other cats that she can sense things far away. They accuse her of spying, but Jayfeather says they were given powers to save, not destroy, the Clans. She concentrates hard, and listens to what is happening in the Dark Forest. The leaders agree to unite the Clans, and also agree to send three cats to each Clan from their Clan.
- Tigerheart stops her when she is going back to ThunderClan camp and reveals that he'd overheard the meeting. He comments that her powers are cool, but shows concern for her safety. Finally seeing Tigerheart for what he really was--- a ShadowClan cat and a Dark Forest warrior---Dovewing ends her relationship with Tigerheart, realizing her loyalties lie with her Clan and her duty as one of Three. She tells Tigerheart to focus on the battle before leaving.
- Just before the battle, Dovewing is in ThunderClan camp, giving reports on the positions of the Dark Forest cats to Firestar. She hears approaching cats and is afraid that it may be the attack, but instead it is Tigerheart and Ivypool arriving, carrying the body of Hollyleaf. Later, she hears more approaching cats, but it turns out that it's Birchfall, Blossomfall, and Mousewhisker, all arriving and declaring their loyalty to ThunderClan, warning the Clan that the Dark Forest army is coming.
- During the battle, Dovewing is surprised to see Tigerheart fighting on the side of the Clans. He tells her that he was a spy for ShadowClan. Dovewing gives status reports on the other Clans during the battle, also worrying over Firestar throughout when she hears Sandstorm say that he is on his last life. When Firestar defeats Tigerstar, Dovewing is the first to announce the victory. However, she is shocked when lightning strikes a nearby tree, setting it ablaze and engulfing Firestar in smoke. She rushes up and witnesses StarClan coming to guide his spirit away. She feels powerless that she wasn't able to protect her leader despite having the power of the stars.
- When Tigerheart leaves camp after Firestar dies, Bumblestripe moves closer to comfort her, and she accepts his comforts, laying her head on his shoulder. She doesn't look back at Tigerheart as he leaves. When it is time for Bramblestar to choose a deputy, she expects him to pick Lionblaze due to his power, but instead he picks Squirrelflight. Jayfeather assures her that Firestar will be fine. Dovewing spots Rock and Midnight, and hears them thank her and give her the full prophecy.
- Coming Soon
In the Field Guide Arc
Battles of the Clans
- After Bumblepaw learns the Lightning Strike technique, by his mentor, he is shown to be very eager to show the newly learned move to Dovepaw and Ivypaw. He has them pretend to be invaders, as he shows them how to stalk low, and then quickly pounce. Dovepaw seems slightly startled by the attack, while Ivypaw seems rather skeptical of it at first, until Bumblepaw finally explains the retreat and the second strike involved in the Lightning Strike technique.
The Ultimate Guide
- It is mentioned on Brightheart's and Cloudtail's page that their kit Whitewing, gave birth to Dovewing and Ivypool, who both played a critical part in saving the Clans from the Dark Forest.
- Dovewing has her own page. She was the third cat of the prophecy. From the time she was a kit, she could hear sounds far away even beyond the lake and even picture what's happening in other territories. She assumed every cat was the same, so she was shocked when she learned she was the only one. She sensed beavers creating a dam and stopping the flow of water, drying up the lake. Jayfeather saw the potential of these powers, and told her to pretend it was a dream so Firestar would understand better. Still an apprentice, Dovepaw traveled with cats of other clans to find the dam and destroy it, letting the lake swell with water once again. She forged a powerful friendship with Tigerheart, one that persisted and deepened even when they returned to their clans. Even after knowing the role she will play when the Dark Forest comes, she still met with Tigerheart at night, using her powers to keep safe from detection. The looming crisis forced Dovewing to think of her loyalties and found something in Bumblestripe. She saw a future of a cat in her clan, not secret love with Tigerheart. As the Final Battle finished, Dovewing made her choice.
- She appears on Ivypool's page. Ivypool is Dovewing's only littermate and were closer than hairs on a vole's pelt. Their path began to diverge when Dovepaw left to bring back the lake. When she returned, Dovepaw had the connection with cats that stretched the limits of the warrior code. Ivypaw trained hard, even though Dovepaw always seemed to hear and see things faster than anyone, On the occasion when Ivypaw makes the first catch, she knew Dovepaw let her. To Dovewing's dismay, Ivypool agreed to spy on the Dark Forest.
- It is mentioned on Briarlight's page that a storm hit the woods sending a loose-rooted beech tree crashing into the hollow. Dovewing warned Firestar after she heard the tree start to fall. It is mentioned on Sol's page that Dovewing and Ivypool overheard Sol's plot to put ThunderClan and WindClan against each other. She is lastly mentioned on Rock's page. Rock blamed the existence of the three, if Jayfeather, Lionblaze, and Dovewing did not come, the prophecy that involved the Dark Forest rising would not have been fulfilled.
In the Novellas
Hollyleaf's Story
- Dovepaw, along with her sister, Ivypaw, are sent on a patrol, headed by Lionblaze and Cinderheart. Brambleclaw asks the two warriors to take their apprentices and patrol the hollow border for foxes. Hollyleaf comments at how big the two apprentices have gotten, remembering when they were kits. When Ivypaw asks if Brambleclaw heard a fox, Dovepaw tips her head, and answers thoughtfully that she doesn't know.
- Dovewing, after gaining her warrior name, explores the tunnels with Ivypool. The two cats made their way down there and ran into a small group of WindClan cats, lead by Sol. As they attempt to make their way out, helped by Hollyleaf, Dovewing shows distrust for the cat who is trying to help them, and questions her motives. Both her and Ivypool question who Hollyleaf really is, and the cat is forced to reveal herself as Hollyleaf of ThunderClan.
Mistystar's Omen
- Dovepaw does not formally appear in Mistystar's Omen but is listed in the allegiances.
Dovewing's Silence
- Coming Soon
- Dovewing has the ability to see places and cats that aren't around her.[9]
- There has been some confusion over the color of Dovewing's eyes. They were originally mentioned as pale gold in The Fourth Apprentice,[10] and they have been called blue at every point since. Kate has stated on her Facebook page that they are pale gold,[11] but Vicky has stated that she believes them to be blue on her own page.[12]
- Dovewing is the reincarnation of Dove's Wing.[13] Originally, these two were not directly connected,[14] however, Vicky has since stated otherwise.[15]
- She has kittypet blood because her grandfather, Cloudtail, was born as a kittypet.[16] Her great-great-uncle, Firestar, was also born as a kittypet.[17]
- It was revealed by Kate that the Three did not lose their powers after the events of The Last Hope.[18]
- However, the blurb for Dovewing's Silence says that Dovewing's powers are gone.[19]
- Kate also said that after the events of The Last Hope, Dovewing chose Bumblestripe as her mate over Tigerheart,[20] as Bumblestripe was the more sensible option, and loving a cat from another Clan wouldn't work out well.[21] Vicky has said that they have broken up due to Dovewing still having feelings for Tigerheart.[22]
- In The Ultimate Guide Dovewing is shown with green eyes.[23]
- Vicky has confirmed that when Lionblaze, Jayfeather, and Dovewing die, they will be their own selves, not the cats that they were reincarnated from.[24]
- She has been mistakenly called Dovepaw twice despite already earning her warrior name.[25][26]
- Kate thinks that Dovewing "just wasn't that into Bumblestripe," and that she could only think about him as a friend.[27]
Character Pixels
Please do not edit this gallery
- Bumblestripe (formerly):[28] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Ferncloud:[29] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Brightheart:[30] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Princess:[31] Living (Confirmed by Erin Hunter)
- Brindleface:[32] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Frostfur:[33] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Nutmeg:[37] Status Unknown
- Robinwing:[38] Status Unknown
- Speckletail:[39] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Spiderleg:[40] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Shrewpaw:[40] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Foxleap:[41] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Snowbush:[42] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Dewnose:[42] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Hollykit:[29] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Larchkit:[29] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Icecloud:[41] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Ambermoon:[42] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
Great Uncles:
- Brackenfur:[43] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Thornclaw:[33] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Ashfur:[32] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Two Unnamed Kits:[44] Deceased, Suspected StarClan members
- Unidentified Kits:[38] Status Unknown
- Ravenpaw:[source?] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
Great Aunt:
- Cinderpelt:[43] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
Great Aunts/Uncles:
- Four Unnamed Kits:[45]
Great-Great Aunt:
- Goldenflower:[46] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
Great-Great Uncle:
Great-Great Half-Aunt:
Great-Great Half-Uncle:
- Leafpool:[49] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Squirrelflight:[49] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Honeyfern:[50] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Cinderheart:[50] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Poppyfrost:[50] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Molepaw:[50] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Lilyheart:[51] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Seedpaw:[51] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Jayfeather:[52] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Lionblaze:[52] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Hollyleaf:[52] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Toadstep:[53] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Rosepetal:[53] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Molewhisker:[54] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Cherryfall:[54] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Fernsong:[55] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Hollytuft:[55] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Sorrelstripe:[55] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Sparkpaw:[56] Status Unknown
- Alderpaw:[57] Status Unknown
- Two Unnamed Kits:[58] Status Unknown
- Leafkit:[59] Status Unknown
- Honeykit:[60] Status Unknown
- Larkkit:[61] Status Unknown
- Bramblestar:[62] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Tawnypelt:[63] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Dawnpelt:[64] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Tigerheart:[65] Living (As of Bramblestar's Storm)
- Flametail:[66] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Strikepaw:[67] Status Unknown
- Sleekpaw:[68] Status Unknown
- Juniperpaw:[69] Status Unknown
- Swiftpaw:[70] Deceased, Verified StarClan member
- Unnamed Kit:[71] Status Unknown
= Male
= Female
= Gender Unknown
- "Maybe it won't be so bad, having these powers, if I can use them to help my Clan."
- —Dovepaw contemplating her power The Fourth Apprentice, page 294
- Lionblaze: "We're home. Your loyalty lies with your own Clan. You can't be as close to Sedgewhisker or the others as you were before."
- Dovepaw: "Why not?"
- Fading Echoes, page 49
- "In a Clan, everyone looks after one another. It's what binds us together. If you can do the duties of every other warrior, what's the point?"
- —Dovepaw quarreling with her mentor Night Whispers, page 130
- "Dovepaw made a mess of the hunting, true. But she ran to help a Clanmate in trouble when she had no idea what danger she would have to face on the other side of that bramble thicket. And when we couldn't get Icecloud out of the hole, she was quick to volunteer to be lowered down to help her, even though no cat really knew what really might have been down there."
- —Spiderleg praising Dovepaw during her assessment Sign of the Moon, page 32
- "We don't know that they are traitors! We should be concentrating on the battle, not trying to guess who our enemies are!"
- —Dovewing to the fighting Clan leaders The Last Hope, page 231
- Tigerheart: "We can have one more night together, can't we?"
- Dovewing: "No, we can't. I have to concentrate on the prophecy! There's a battle coming. I don't know who to trust anymore!"
- The Last Hope, pages 232-233
|Dovepaw's Apprentice Ceremony
|Dovewing's Warrior Ceremony
References and Citations
- ↑ Revealed in The Fourth Apprentice, allegiances
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Revealed in Sunrise, page 317
- ↑ Revealed in The Fourth Apprentice, page 39
- ↑ Revealed in Sign of the Moon, pages 34-35
- ↑ Revealed in The Fourth Apprentice, page 38
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Revealed in Fading Echoes, allegiances
- ↑ Revealed in Night Whispers, page 116
- ↑ Revealed in The Fourth Apprentice, page 60
- ↑ Revealed in The Fourth Apprentice, page Chapter 5
- ↑ Revealed in The Fourth Apprentice, page 61
- ↑ On her facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's Facebook page
- ↑ Revealed in Sign of the Moon, page 264
- ↑ Revealed at Wands and Worlds
- ↑ Revealed on the Official Forum
- ↑ Revealed in Fire and Ice, page 220
- ↑ Revealed in Into the Wild, page 37
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's official blog
- ↑ Revealed on HarperCollins' website
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's Blog
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's facebook
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's Facebook
- ↑ Revealed in The Ultimate Guide, page 44
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's Facebook Page
- ↑ Revealed in Sign of the Moon, page 62
- ↑ Revealed in The Last Hope, page 284
- ↑ Revealed on http://erinhunter.katecary.co.uk/new-improved-allegiance-list-for-the-apprentices-quest/comment-page-3/#comments Kate's Blog]
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's blog
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 Revealed in Midnight, page 84
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 Revealed in Midnight, page 17
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Revealed in Fire and Ice, page 219
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 Revealed in Rising Storm, page 42
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 Revealed in Forest of Secrets, pages 62-63
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed in the Warriors App
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 Revealed in Bluestar's Prophecy, page 329
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 Revealed in Firestar's Quest, page 19
- ↑ 41.0 41.1 Revealed in The Sight, page 5
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 Revealed in The Last Hope, page 216
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 Revealed in Fire and Ice, pages 95-97
- ↑ Revealed in Into the Wild, page 226
- ↑ Revealed in Fire and Ice, page 191
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ 49.0 49.1 Revealed in Firestar's Quest, page 509
- ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 Revealed in Sunset, page 27
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 Revealed in The Forgotten Warrior, page 146
- ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 Revealed in Sunrise, page 251
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 Revealed in Outcast, allegiances
- ↑ 54.0 54.1 Revealed in The Fourth Apprentice, page 299
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 55.2 Revealed in Bramblestar's Storm, page 478
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's blog
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's blog
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's blog
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's blog
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's blog
- ↑ Revealed on Kate's blog
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page
- ↑ Revealed on Vicky's facebook page


text:
Ask for help to figure out smart withdrawal amount
Dear Bruce: Love your column. I must start taking mandatory withdrawals from my IRAs. I have some money in a mutual fund and some in CDs. How do I know the total of how much to withdraw out of the two accounts? — J.F., via email
Dear J.F.: Call the individuals or companies that hold your deposits. They will tell you exactly, given the amounts in the accounts, how much you must withdraw at age 70½ and in subsequent years to wind up with no money in the accounts when you statistically drop dead. There are no guarantees that you will live longer or less, but that's the government way.
Dear Bruce: Are wills via the Internet valid? I want to change the one I did in an attorney's office in Pennsylvania 10 years ago. How should I do that? I now live in a different state and do not remember his name. — Reader, via email
Dear Reader: Could the will be done on an Internet program and be valid? Absolutely. Would I want to gamble on it? Absolutely NOT.
You had a will you did 10 years ago; it's time to replace it. The fact that you can't find it doesn't mean a thing. Your last will and testament is the one that is operative. Even if you've written a hundred of them, it's the most current one that's valid.
By all means, do it with an attorney. The cost is modest. It's likely that things have changed in 10 years — births, deaths, etc. I suggest you see a general practitioner in your area.
Dear Bruce: I'm going through another eviction process; this will be the second time in the last two years. I've always made the tenants sign a lease agreement and pay a security deposit before moving in. I've also made them show me paycheck stubs or W-2's to make sure they can afford to live there. It seems like I get screwed on the deal eventually. What are the do's and don'ts of leasing rental property? — J.B., Pensacola, Fla.
Dear J.B.: Most amateur landlords — and I include myself in that category — have the same experiences and lament them. A landlord once told me that a lease is only as good as the parties who have signed it. There are a ton of deadbeats out there. You have tried to do your best, and I salute you for that.
There is one thing you have overlooked that has worked at least partially for me. You can find services on the Internet that charge $40 to $50 to do a background check on your prospective tenant.
Now we tell prospective tenants that they will pay a $50 fee upfront. If they stay for the length of their first lease and meet all of the responsibilities, the $50 will be refunded to them.
At that intersection, many people respond, "I'll think it over," and what they're thinking is their credit is not as worthy as they are telling you and they're going to get stuck for the $50 for nothing. This has helped eliminate many problems for us.
There is no question that you have to build a cushion into your rental price, because you know that sooner or later you're going to get beat up on, and it helps to have that cushion in there. If it makes you feel any better, I have been victimized several times like you.
Subscribe to the Ventura County Star
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text:
Wargame: European Escalation now available for LinuxFebruary 28th, 2013 by TimeDoctor
Christopher May-Townsend on our Facebook page let us know that Wargame: European Escalation is now available for Linux through Steam. Here's the details:
2 sides, 8 nations, and one battlefield: Europe!
Wargame: European Escalation is an intense and spectacular Real Time Strategy game, where realism and strategy are brought to the front lines.
With a phenomenal range of vehicles and units (over 350 different models), build your army and enter a huge military campaign across Europe of the 80's, as the Cold War is about to become World War 3.
With the powerful IRISZOOM ™, Wargame offers breathtaking graphics and battles as spectacular as they are strategic. Prepare to bring hundreds of units of all kinds–tanks, helicopters, squad Infantry, etc.–under your command in intense battles on gigantic maps stretching up to 60 square miles!
Online service EugenNet© provides a full multiplayer experience with creation of clans, organizing games, and world rankings where up to 8 players can compete simultaneously in massive battles involving hundreds of units!
Sounds like fun. The news post on the developer's website notes that the multiplayer is cross-platform with a recently released patch.


text:
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text:
Holiday Traditions
R.B Boyer, Flickr
Christmas cards and holiday decorations
examines the images on American Christmas card and how they relate to American culture. Professor Kenneth Ames is the author and organizer of the exhibition called "American Christmas Cards 1900-1960." It's on view at the Bard Graduate Center through the end of the year. But first WFUV's George Bodarky reports on one Bronx family's holiday house. The Garabedian's over the top Christmas displays have been a traffic snarling must-see for nearly four decades.


text:
Human-caused wildfires increase in Calif.
LOS ANGELES Embers drifting from a campfire in a seaside canyon ignite a wildfire that incinerates 53 homes in Malibu.
A man driving on a national forest road stops on tinder-dry grass. The hot engine acts like a match, kindling a wildfire that burns thousands of acres.
And authorities suspect that a blaze that destroyed 78 homes in the Santa Barbara area last week was started by sparks from a power tool being used to clear brush.
A growing number of wildfires in California are joined by a common, incriminating back-story: People caused them.
Government statistics show that people were faulted for 5,208 wildfires in Southern California in 2008, the highest number since at least 2001. Between 2006 and 2008, Southern California was the only region of the country to see a significant jump in the number of wildfires blamed on people, an unsettling statistic given the damage that can follow.
There is no single cause for the increase, experts say, with issues ranging from better investigations and reporting to the warming effects of climate change. But most agree: In a densely populated, drought-stricken region where development pushes into areas known to burn, the result is predictable.
"As the drought continues in California, there are going to be more human-caused fires," says Don Smurthwaite, a spokesman for the National Interagency Fire Center in Idaho.
"You can see the spread of development in virtually every area of the West," he says. "More people is always going to equate to more fires."
Southern California's fire season was once thought to be limited to the fall, when Santa Ana winds roar through mountain passes into heavily populated coastal areas. But it's now seen as a year-round danger, a conclusion witnessed in Santa Barbara last week. Warmer, drier weather in a region of more than 20 million people with a history of wildfires is proving a combustible mix, fire center figures suggest.
And some of those blazes are leading to the courtroom, where prosecutors are bringing charges from arson to negligence.
Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger declared a statewide drought in June and in February declared a state of emergency because of three years of below-average rain and snowfall in California.
In Los Angeles, rainfall for the year that began July 1 is nearly 6 inches below average in a city that typically sees scant precipitation. In the state's agricultural Central Valley, three years of drought have forced farmers to let thousands of acres of cropland turn to dust.
Nationally, about 70,000 wildfires in 2008 were attributed to human causes – a thoughtlessly flicked cigarette, a campfire left smoldering, a fallen power line. That's about the same number as 2001, although the figures fluctuate from year to year. Since 2001, the peak was 80,220 wildfires caused by humans in 2006, according to fire center records.
In Southern California, the number of wildfires caused by people was about flat – roughly 4,000 – between 2001 and 2005. It dipped to 3,200 in 2006. Then, those figures increased sharply, to 5,140 in 2007 and 5,208 in 2008, according to the data.