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Cyprus has eased the liquidity regulations and has allowed bank transactions of up to 300,000 euros domestically, the finance ministry said on Thursday. The government also increased the threshold for company payments abroad to 20,000 euros from 5,000 euros without prior vetting and allowed travelers to take 2,000 euros abroad from 1,000 previously. Strict limits on cash transactions have been in place since March 28 to avert a bank run, following a bailout deal. Other restrictions, such as a cash withdrawal limit of 300 euros per day, remained in place.
The Tunisian government has received $28.8 million in recovered assets that belonged to ousted president Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali and had been held abroad, in Lebanon. The cheque was handed to President Moncef Marzouki by Ali bin Fetais al-Marri, who was appointed by the UN to head efforts to recover money from leaders overthrown in Arab uprisings. In January 2011, Tunisian protesters forced President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali to dissolve the government and flee the country.
Mariya Alyokhina, a member of the punk band Pussy Riot, has filed via her lawyer a request to the court to be released on parole, Interfax reports quoting sourses. Earlier Alyokhina was said to be not putting in a petition, pronouncing a readiness to serve the full sentence. Alyokhina was sentenced in March 2012 to two years in prison after Pussy Riot staged a mock performance in Moscow's biggest cathedral, protesting what they called collusion between the Russian Orthodox Church and the government. Along with Alyokhina, another member of Pussy Riot, Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, is also serving a two-year sentence. A third member of the band, Ekaterina Samutsevich, has been released on probation.
The ex-president of Cuba, Fidel Castro, has opened a school in Havana for 140 children that he asked to be built. It's the first time Castro has opened a public institution since 2006, when he stepped down as leader of the island nation. The 86-year old appeared to be in good health as he delivered a two-hour speech to students and teachers. He covered such topics as global warming, weapons of mass destruction, the economic crisis, fuel prices, and food production.
With Congress returning this week from recess, senators have voted 68-31 to hold a debate on a scaled-down version of President Obama's gun-safety proposals. The new legislation would expand background checks of gun buyers, increase the funding of school safety and establish new penalties for gun trafficking. The measures were proposed by the President Barack Obama after 20 children and 6 adults were killed in the December 14 massacre at Sandy Hooks Elementary School, Newtown, Connecticut. Even if the legislation passes the Democratic-led Senate, it may still be blocked by the Republican-run House.
At least two people were killed and 36 others sustained injuries after a bus overturned Thursday morning on the President George Bush Turnpike in Irving, Texas, reports the local NBC news affiliate. The incident happened shortly after 9:30am local time in the northbound lanes of the turnpike, near Belt Line Road. Witnesses said the bus with some 40 people on board had rolled over. The North Texas Tollway Authority said it was a private travel bus that belonged to Cardinal Coach Line from Mansfield, Texas.
Suspected Islamic extremists attacked a police station in northeast Nigeria, killing four officers in a gun battle, police said. The attack occurred early Thursday morning in Babangida, a small town in Yobe state. Police officers killed five of the gunmen, and two officers also were wounded in the attack. A dusk-to-dawn curfew in the state has been imposed by local government.
The Egyptian parliament has approved a revised election law, Reuters reported. The Islamist-led upper house will now send it to the Supreme Constitutional Court to rule on its legality. The bill would set the rules for lower house parliamentary elections due to be held later this year. President Mohammed Morsi initially called elections for April, but later postponed them when the court annulled his decree setting the dates. The elections may now begin in October.
Britain's Foreign Secretary William Hague has warned that the Syrian civil war was turning into the 21st century's "greatest humanitarian catastrophe." Hague, who was hosting a meeting of G8 foreign ministers in London, declared the outside world must mount a much stronger intervention to curtail the crisis. Leaders of the Syrian National Council (SNC) on Wednesday secured a pledge of more support from US Secretary of State John Kerry. Jabhat al-Nusra, considered the most effective fighting force in the opposition, has recently vowed loyalty to Al-Qaeda.
Hospital officials said Thursday that the suspect in the fatal shootings of 13 people in Serbia has died. Police earlier said that 60-year-old veteran Ljubisa Bogdanovic went on a pre-dawn house-to-house rampage Tuesday in a village of Velika Ivanca, some 50 kilometers southeast of the capital Belgrade. Bogdanovic had reportedly turned the gun on himself after the shootings, and remained in critical condition.
G8 foreign ministers have condemned "in the strongest possible terms" North Korea's development of nuclear weapons and ballistic missile technology, Reuters said, citing a communiqué issued at their London meeting on Thursday. The ministers also urged Pyongyang to "refrain from further provocative acts."
Libya has granted a $2 billion interest-free loan to Egypt to help the country battle its economic crisis, an Egyptian finance ministry official said. The loan is to be repaid within five years, with a three-year grace period, AFP reported. Cairo is also holding talks with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) over a loan of $4.8 billion as part of a financing program to lift Egypt's economy out of crisis. IMF officials have warned that the size of the loan may change.
Japan's crippled Fukushima nuclear plant has sprung yet another leak of radioactive water, its operator said on Thursday. Tokyo Electric Power Co (TEPCO) said around 22 liters of highly radioactive waste water leaked from a pipe, AFP reported. The incident occurred as work crews were attempting to empty a reservoir that itself had already sprung leaks. There has been no evidence that the leaked water had gone beyond the confines of the plant, the company said.
The administration of the Russian Bolshoi Theater has refused to offer an out-of-court settlement to ballet dancer Niklolay Tsiskaridze. He earlier asked a Moscow court to annul official reprimands by the theater. The plaintiff had suggested conditions for the possible settlement that were unacceptable to the theater, spokesperson Alina Kudryavtseva told Interfax. Tsiskaridze described the refusal as a PR stunt, adding that his only demand was to annul "illegal reprimands." He earlier accused the administration of preparing to sack him.
Two separate roadside bombings in southern Afghanistan have killed four people, including a district police chief, officials said. A bomb killed the police chief of Chora district and two of his bodyguards while they were on patrol early Thursday, according to a spokesperson for Uruzgan province Governor Abdullah Himmat. Also on Thursday, a roadside bomb killed a civilian and wounded two others in Helmand province's Marjah district, according to Ummar Zawaq, a spokesperson for the local governor.
Britain will not invite Argentine President Cristina Fernandez to Margaret Thatcher's funeral next week, a government source said. Thatcher's family has objected to Fernandez being invited, the source told Reuters on Thursday. Thatcher was UK Prime Minister at the time of the 1982 Falklands war. Fernandez has mounted an increasingly vocal campaign to renegotiate the sovereignty of the contested South Atlantic archipelago, which Argentina calls Las Malvinas.
Israeli police detained five women activists on Thursday at the Western Wall in Jerusalem for wearing prayer shawls, officials said. The incident occurred during a monthly prayer session by the Women of the Wall, Reuters reported. The group is opposed to police-enforced Orthodox restrictions at one of Judaism's most sacred sites, where worshippers are segregated by sex. The group's monthly gatherings at the Western Wall often end with the arrests of women who don prayer shawls or read publicly from the holy scriptures, rites reserved only for men under strict Jewish ritual law.
Two soldiers were killed and six were wounded in a roadside bombing in Thailand's insurgency-plagued south, police said Thursday. Suspected insurgents detonated an improvised bomb hidden on the road surface in Pattani province's Panarae district, according to Police Col. Manit Yimsai. The soldiers were in two armored vehicles traveling Wednesday night to inspect damage from an earlier militant attack. One of the personnel carriers was badly damaged in the attack, which was one of 36 incidents overnight in Pattani.
The Pakistani military said that 15 militants and one soldier were killed in fighting on Thursday as the army attempted to seize control of a remote valley in the country's northwest. The military has faced fierce resistance from the Taliban and its allies in the Tirah Valley in the Khyber region, with troops setting out to dislodge insurgents from the heights above the valley six days ago, Reuters said. "Fresh clashes started early Thursday when security forces launched another operation to secure control of the valley," a military official said.
Palestinian Authority Prime Minister Salam Fayyad has offered his resignation to President Mahmoud Abbas, officials in the West Bank said. Abbas has reportedly not responded to Fayyad's offer. Tensions between the two officials have risen in recent months, particularly over the power to hire and fire Cabinet ministers. Fayyad enjoys strong support from the international community. Officials said he offered his resignation in February, while others claimed last week. The premier first told Abbas late last year that he wanted to resign.
Spring storms and tornadoes in the central US have triggered heavy snows and rains, as well as high winds that lead to power outages and extensive property damage across the region. At least three residents were taken to hospital with injuries in Van Buren County, Arkansas, after a tornado tore through their home, Reuters reported. Some 4,000 residents in the area were also affected by electricity blackouts, local officials said.
Airstrikes against Syrian civilians have killed at least 4,300 people since last July, Human Rights Watch (HRW) said in a report published Thursday. Syrian government fighter jets have targeted bakeries, breadlines and hospitals in the country's north, according to the international rights group. HRW said its activists inspected 52 sites in northern Syria, documenting 59 attacks by the Syrian Air Force that killed at least 152 people.
The Taiwanese government has become the first to advise its citizens not to go to South Korea, as tensions in the region continue to mount. The country's foreign ministry advised residents to delay trips for business, holidays and education, citing the "unclear situation" in South Korea. The announcement comes as Seoul and Washington raised their levels of combat readiness in preparation for the possible test launch of mid-range missiles by North Korea.
Uruguay lawmakers voted on Wednesday to become the second South American country to legalize same-sex marriage. Seventy-one of the 92 Congressmen voted for the bill, which was met with cheers from audience members when the decision was finalized. The passage Wednesday, which comes a week after the bill easily passed through the country's Senate, made Uruguay the third nation in all of the Americas, following Canada and Argentina, to affirm marriage equality. Nine of the 50 states in the US have done the same. President Jose Mujica's ruling Broad Front majority is expected to institute the law within 10 days, making it possible for couples to adopt children, undergo in-vitro fertilization procedures, as well as unilaterally request and be granted a divorce.


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Miami Dolphins at New York Jets Pick and Preview
- Updated: December 28, 2008
NFL Betting Preview
Miami Dolphins (10-5) at New York Jets (9-6)
Sunday, 4:15PM Eastern
Bookmaker.com betting line – Jets -3, 42.5 over/under
The AFC playoff picture is still up for grabs and the most important game to decide that outcome with take place in East Rutherford, NJ this weekend. The Miami Dolphins are in a first place tie with the New England Patriots in the AFC East. The New York Jets are one game back and need a victory and some help to make the playoffs. This game will be a battle between two teams who will be expected to bring the best effort in attempt to gain a chance at postseason play. The Jets won the first meeting this season 20-14 in Miami in Brett Farve debut as the New York quarterback. This game will be much different as they will take on a hot Miami team that has won 4 straight games and 8 of their last 9.
Miami controls their own destiny and simply needs to put away the Jets to seal themselves into the playoffs. A Dolphins loss would officially eliminate Miami from the playoffs. However, considering the Dolphins run of late they may be a dangerous team if they can get in. Miami has been in some grudge matches this year on the gridiron. In the Dolphins 10 wins this season, 8 of those wins have been by 10 points or less. Dolphins QB Chad Pennington has really been the turning point for the franchise. Last year the Dolphins had one of the worse seasons of any team in history only winning one ball game. This season they are primed to make one of the biggest turnarounds in history. Pennington has been a big part of the success becoming a lethal offensive threat. Pennington has thrown for 3,453 yards this season while completing 67% of his passes for a total of 17 touchdowns. Pennington looks to be a big threat against a weak New York secondary that is allowing over 237 yards per game through the air.
New York put together a mid-season run that made them look like one of the best teams in the NFL yet along the AFC. The Jets won a total of 7 out of 8 games in that stretch with some very quality wins. However, in recent weeks the Jets have really struggled losing 3 of their last 4. In those 3 losses, the Jets are averaging 11 points per game. The offense that was so strong early this season has vanished and the Jets need locate their weapons once again. Brett Farve has had a big year wearing the Jets uniform. Farve has thrown for 21 touchdowns and over 3000 yards. However, New York has found its main success this season behind the legs of running back Thomas Jones. Jones has amassed 1,289 yards this season along with 13 touchdowns. Jones will play a big part in the Jets success this weekend in cold conditions. Jones has not rushed over 78 yards in the last 3 weeks. Earlier in the year the star back was picking up nearly 100 yards every time out. New York needs to get their running game back and allow Jones to open up the struggling offense.
What to watch for…
The Jets out rushed the Dolphins 122 – 49 in their first meeting and the running game could likely tell the story again. Running backs Ronnie Brown and Ricky Williams have come on strong for the Dolphins in the latter part of the year. The Miami running game could be the difference this time around. Also, the big play ability of both quarterbacks will be fun to watch. Brett Farve and Chad Pennington can trigger some big plays for their teams and it will be interesting to see which quarterback is more effective.
New York Jets vs. Miami Dolphins Pick – Only 34 points scored last game. Jets offense struggling and cold conditions mean another low scoring affair. Take the Under 42
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I didn't have this problem with my last pregnancy.
I don't technically have heartburn and it does not hurt at all when it happens, but sometimes I wake up to bile coming up my throat. Any ideas on how to prevent that? There's no pain or physical discomfort when it happens, but the taste is awful. :-P
I tried lying on an incline, but wake up super stiff and in a lot of pain that way. I really need to be flat.
I'm 35 weeks today. It doesn't seem to matter what or when I eat. The variables have been different each time.
Mama to a bright 7 y/o girl and an exuberant 3 y/o boy Loving unschooling, 2x and natural living in Hawaii.
I had the same problem. My midwife suggested taking some papaya enzymes (they are lozenges you let dissolve in your mouth), and they have really helped. I got mine at my local pharmacy, but I know they sell them at Whole Foods.
That happens to me and it is really icky. My midwife told me it was okay to take Prevacid, and that has helped. That might not be an acceptable solution for you, though. I'm on my third pregnancy with horrible heartburn and first one with reflux, and I tried all the more natural remedies first. NOT losing sleep over heartburn or waking up choking on my stomach contents has been priceless.
Oh, and I don't know if this would work for you, either, but just something to consider. I know you mentioned that it didn't seem to be affected by when you eat, but I've found that when I eat a REALLY early, smallish dinner, it helps dramatically. I try to get most of my calories and nutrients in much earlier in the day.
Ugh, I've been having this lately, too. Mostly it feels like little air bubbles in my esophagus, then my stomach aches. I tried piling pillows behind me so I can sleep upright, but, like you, it's uncomfortable and I wake up throughout the night to readjust.
I'll have to try some papaya enzymes and see if that helps. I've also stopped taking my prenatal vitamin before bed to see if that makes a difference.
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text: I had vbulletin set up to send me an email me anytime anyone made a new post or thread. All of a sudden this has stopped. I'm trying to figure out what's wrong, but I can't figure how I set this up. I'm pretty sure it's in the control panel somewhere. Can anyone help?


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POLICE in Kisumu are investigating the theft of electronic appliances from Governor Jack Ranguma's house on Wednesday night. Police said there were no signs of forced entry into the house situated in Milimani Estate in the town.
"We suspect the house was accessed either by a master key or a duplicate key to the kitchen door," the police said. A key was recovered next to the gate of the compound. It was not clear whether Ranguma was in the house at the time of the theft. The incident was reported by a worker who realised the items were missing.


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Members of the Peace Film Award jury hold banners to support Iranian director Jafar Panahi who is co-director of the movie "Parde" (Closed Curtain) at the 63rd Berlinale International Film Festival in Berlin February 12, 2013. REUTERS/Fabrizio Bensch
BERLIN: The 63rd Berlinale premiered Tuesday the latest film by banned Iranian director Jafar Panahi, a haunting lament about crushing state oppression and a tribute to the resilience of the creative drive.
"Closed Curtain", which Panahi co-directed with longtime collaborator Kambuzia Partovi, tells the story of two people on the run from the police hiding out at a secluded villa.
The older fugitive owns a dog, banned as pets because Islamic law deems the animals to be unclean, while the young woman, who soon proves suicidal, was caught attending an illicit party on the Caspian Sea.
They keep the drapes drawn to avoid detection by the authorities but while the man tries to keep working -- on a film script, as it happens -- she slips deeper into despair.
Panahi was detained for a documentary he tried to make on the unrest following the 2009 election and banned from making more films for 20 years. He was given a six-year jail sentence but currently remains under house arrest.
But the director, who has picked up a clutch of prizes at major international festivals for socially critical movies that are outlawed in Iran, has been feted abroad as one of the most original voices of the Iranian new wave.
Though he was prevented from coming to present the film in Berlin, Panahi appears on screen during the second half of the picture and it remains unclear whether the two fugitives are not just a figment of his imagination as the action moves from reality to fiction and back again.
The walls of the villa are covered with European versions of his own film posters including the 2000 picture "The Circle" which ends with a prison door slamming shut on a cell containing all the main female protagonists.
Partovi, who also plays the role of the man with the dog, said Panahi had been deeply depressed due to the official restrictions when they started working on the project, which he said was aimed at "bridging this hard period".
"It's difficult to work but not being able to work is even more difficult, particularly at the height of your career," he said.
Partovi said it was unclear what consequences the new picture, which got a mixed reception in Berlin, would have for them in Iran.
"Nothing has happened until now but we don't know what the future has in store for us," he said.
Maryam Moghadam, the lead actress, said her character represented Panahi's desperation.
"She's the dark side, the hopelessness of every person and specifically the director in the movie," she said. "The dark side of his mind, the hopeless power -- that part that doesn't hope any more and wants to give up."
Panahi's "This Is Not A Film" had to be smuggled out in a USB key hidden inside a cake to be screened at the Cannes film festival.
Cannes, Berlin and Venice invited him to sit on their juries in 2010 and 2011 but because he was barred from leaving the country, organisers left a symbolic empty chair for him to remind film-goers of his plight.
Panahi, who was born in 1960, was awarded in December the prestigious Sakharov human rights prize by the European Parliament -- a move that enraged Iran and further strained relations with the Islamic republic.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel's spokesman on Monday said Berlin had appealed to Tehran to allow Panahi to attend the festival and protesters outside the Berlinale cinema held up cardboard cutouts of the director demanding he be free to travel.
Panahi released a statement with the press materials for the film, saying the story served as a metaphor for his personal plight.
"'Closed Curtain' uses shifting genres and stories within stories to highlight why film-making is a necessity in a film-maker's life: it is the imperative need to show the reality of the world we live in," he said.
"Closed Curtain" is one of 19 films vying for the Berlin's Golden Bear top prize to be awarded Saturday.
A gripping Iranian families drama, "A Separation" by Asghar Farhadi, won the Golden Bear in 2011 at a festival that has long spotlighted the country's embattled directors.
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Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Mutual Association
Ed Baker – Obituary and Assessment Call
Services for Ed Baker, 63, of Montalba, will be at 10 a.m. Tuesday in Bailey & Foster Chapel with the Rev. John Wisener officiating. Burial will be in the Wynn Cemetery in Limestone County under the direction of Bailey & Foster Funeral Home.
Mr. Baker died Friday at his home.
He was born Feb. 9, 1944 at Thornton to Arville Baker and Mary Rogers Baker.
He was a member and former Deacon of Southside Baptist Church. Mr. Baker was an Army veteran of the Vietnam War. Before retiring, he had been for many years, a game warden for the state of Texas.
Mr. Baker was preceded in death by his parents and four brothers: John, Charles, Bobby and Billy Baker.
He is survived by his wife, Beverly Baker of Montalba; son, Ed Baker and wife Sandy of Tennessee Colony, sisters, Carolyn Alewine of Groesbeck, Patsy Cox Amason of Mexia, Mary Krumnow of Reisel and Dorthy Anderson of Calvert; and two grandchildren, Ray and Ami Baker of Tennessee Colony.
Pallbearers will be David Raybin, Eddie Lehr, Paul Gluck, Robert Carlson, Gary Dugan, Karen Gray, and Tony Norton.
Honorary pallbearers will be Mike Pike and Dwight Myers.
Condolence calls will be received from 6 to 8 p.m.
Monday at Bailey & Foster Funeral Home.
P.O. Box 549
Del Valle, Texas 78617
SUBJECT: Assessment Call
DATE: July 9 , 2007
DUE: August 8 , 2007
Policy No. 720
The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Mutual Association (TPWD Mutual Association) regrets to inform you of the death of another of our members, Ed Baker .
Ed became a member of the TPWD Mutual Association on May 31, 1983. He retained his membership up until his death on July 6, 2007.
Additional information on Ed is on the reverse side of this assessment letter.
A check in the amount of $5,355.00 will be delivered to Ed's wife, Beverly.
An assessment in the amount of $16.00 will be necessary to bring the policy fund back into balance to have payments on hand for two members in case of death. Please make this payment by August 8, 2007.
L. David Sinclair, President
Texas Parks & Wildlife Department Mutual Association
Make Checks Payable to:
TPWD Mutual Association
Please Mail All Payments to:
TPWD Mutual Association
P.O. Box 549
Del Valle, TX 78617
If you have any questions regarding the TPWD Mutual
Association, please contact:
David Sinclair by phone at (512) 389-4854 or e-mail email@example.com, or
David Heater by phone at (512) 389-4813 or e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com, or
Janie Whitaker by phone at (512) 389-4854 or e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com.
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This beautiful and unique Flanged Head Flail comes with a 23" long twisted and studded steel shaft. The grip is wire wrapped and has two steel hand guards. On the end of the 10" long chain is a flanged mace head. Weight is approximately 5 lbs.
Shipping time is normally between 4 to 12 weeks.
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Dried processed food stagnated at current value sales of EUR141 million in 2013. There were mixed results for products in this category, with rice performing well but dessert mixes experiencing a decline in value sales. There was a similar development in retail volume sales, with rice seeing an increase in volume sales of 1%, but dessert mixes experiencing a decline of 2%.
Euromonitor International's Dried Processed Food in Ireland report offers a comprehensive guide to the size and shape of the market at a national level. It provides the latest retail sales data 2009-2013, allowing you to identify the sectors driving growth. It identifies the leading companies, the leading brands and offers strategic analysis of key factors influencing the market -
Author:Bill Thompsone-mailWeb: www.fastmr.comPhone: 18008448156


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Are strippers free of STD's?
I have been to this strip club a few times and every time I go these girls go upstairs with these guys (when they go upstairs its to have sex). Now... Show More
Most Helpful Opinion
Where I'm from, prostitution is illegal ... If its the same where you're from, then I wouldn't hedge my bets on them being required to get checked. I'm assuming there may also be illegal drug activity going on, which can also spread diseases depending on the method. Also, just because they use condoms on the job ... Can you imagine what people who have sex for money do in their spare time? I've known a few normal strippers and they seemed, well fairly normal as far as dating and such, but taking men upstairs to have sex isn't something every stripper does. That's being a hooker, regardless if it takes place in the strip club as opposed to the street.
What Girls Said 5
I doubt they get checked. The guy is running an illegal whorehouse, do you really think he's going to bother making sure they get checked for STDs? I suppose some of them are clean, but I'm sure that girls in this line of work have a much higher than average instance of STDs.
BTW, what town are you in? I've never heard of anything so blatant going on where I live.
basically these women are prostitutes who sleep with any guy who has the right price. btw it is illegal, a lotta clubs have some strippers that do "extras" but it isn't legal. women who resort to that are usually and statistically on some type drug anyway. a lotta these strippers especially the ones who turn tricks are cokeheads. the person running the club doesn't care as long as they don't get caught, and those women are nasty and don't really care who they f***. in all likely hood they are heavy candidates for STDs. if you sleep with one don't be surprised if you get a disease
What Guys Said 5
What they're doing is illegal in most of the US, so here, most owners and managers care. Some fire a girl on the spot, others demand a large cut of her revenue.
Negotiations would be very, very careful and elliptical, in case one of them is a cop; a bust can get a club raided and shut down. If you've ever seen a pro work a hotel bar or a nightclub, the rhythm is similar.
Is she getting checked? If she feels like it, if she cares. You take your chances, there.
P.S.: If you care about cleanliness, hire a real pro. They're usually cheaper than strippers, since they don't have the (very substantial) overhead costs of tipping out a club.
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Mario games have been around for a while, in many different forms and with a variety of features. Nintendo is planning on implementing a not so revolutionary feature for the game franchise, paid DLC.
The latest Mario game, New Super Mario Bros. 2, seems to place a heavy emphasis on coins. Part of this emphasis manifests itself in the form of the Coin Rush mode. The mode consists of gamers playing through three randomly selected levels quickly, trying to gather as many coins as possible before the time limit runs out. The coins will form a high score system of sorts for players to use in order to boast about their skills and challenge others.
The DLC that Nintendo will be releasing for New Super Mario Bros. 2 revolves around coins as well. In fact, the DLC will be new Coin Rush levels for gamers to play. The new levels have not been created yet, as the developers won't be working on them until after the game launches.
Nintendo of America President Reggie Fils-Aime had this to say:
"I can't say how or when we'll be releasing these stages since they haven't been made yet. But we're excited about the possibilities that online connectivity provides for helping players get more out of the games that they already love the most."
I guess we'll just have to wait for the first DLC to decide whether or not this Nintendo move is a success or a bust. New Super Mario Bros. 2 will launch on July 28, 2012 in Japan, August 17 in Europe, and August 19.


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The Administration for the City is unique because of the organization's public ownership of natural gas and electric utilities. Energy Services is responsible for the Gas and Electric Utilities, whereas the Municipal Services manages the functions of the municipality. To view the City of Medicine Hat organizational chart, click here.
Municipal Services
Municipal Services is run by the Chief Administrative Officer and is comprised of three divisions:
Energy Services
Energy Services is run by the Chief Operating Officer and is comprised of three divisions/utilities:
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It seems that every time I go looking for information about particular hops, I have had difficulty finding a complete source. There are dozens of description pages that list a variety of hops, but none that I have found even come close to listing them all. So now I am sharing with you the fruits of a (hopefully not) wasted Saturday afternoon. This page is my attempt at a MUCH more complete list of Hops, their AA, Description Use, and Substitutes.
11-15% Alpha Acids • English • Bittering Hop
Said to be citrusy, orange flavored. A good compliment hop to Targets. Good dual purpose hop.
Use For: English style IPA and other ales
Substitutes: Challenger, Northdown
3.5-6% Alpha Acids • American • Finishing Hop
This hop is used for its Aromatic properties and moderate bittering. It has aromas that citrus (Grapefruit), earthy, and floral.
Use For: American Style ales
Substitutes: Amarillo, Cascade
8-10% Apha Acids • American • Bittering, Flavor
Popular American mid-range alpha acid variety with a unique and distinct aroma. It has a flowery, citrus like aroma, more orange than grapefruit.
Used For: Pale Ales, IPAs, Porters
Substitutes: Cascade, Centennial
THIS HOP IS IN STOCK!! Click here to purchase
18-21% Alpha Acids • American • Bittering Hop
Characterized by its exceptionally high percentage of Alpha Acids, it has excellent storage stability. It has citrus notes, with emphasis on orange. It is resiny, and spicy.
Use For: Any beer with a big hop profile, definitely all american!
Substitutes:Magnum, Columbus
AQUILA 6-7.5% Finishing
Recently developed as an aroma hop originating in the U.S.
Use For: American ales
Substitutes: Cluster, Galena
BANNER 9-11% Dual Purpose
Similar to Aquila and Cluster with good yield.
Used For:Bittering with good flavor. Light and dark American lagers.
Substitutes:Aquila, Cluster, Galena
BRAMLING CROSS 5-8% All Purpose
Variety Bramling crossed with a male seedling from a Manitoba female. Blackcurrant, lemony aroma.
Used For: Can be good for spiced ales
Substitutes: Bullion, Northern Brewer and Galena
14-17% Bittering
New Super High Alpha. The higher Co-Ho levels mean a not completely smooth bittering, but not as harsh as Chinook. (it's bittering properties are similar to Simcoe). Flavor and aroma are described as an earthy spice and herb, fruity and floral, so, I guess that is is different things to different people. It's a decendant of Zeus and Nugget.
Used For: American IPA, American Pale Ale, American Stout
Substitutes: Columbus, Tomahawk, Zeus
BREWERS GOLD 6-9% All Purpose
Sibling of and similar to Bullion only maturing earlier and more disease resistant. English/wild Canadian cross. Pungent English character.
Used for: Mainly bittering. Stouts and Dark ales.
Substitutes: Bullion, Northern Brewer and Galena ,Bramling Cross.
6.5-9% Bittering
Intense,black currant aroma, spicy and pungent. One of the earliest high alpha hops in the world. Raised in 1919
in England from a wild Manitoban female crossed with an English male hop.
Used for: Mainly bittering. Stouts and Dark ales.
Substitutes: Brewers Gold, Northern Brewer and Galena ,Bramling Cross, Mt Ranier
10- 12.0% Dual Purpose Hop
Pleasant, fruity aroma, with hints of pear and apple
Used For: Ales, Stouts and Barley Wines.
4-7% All purpose
Flowery, citrus & spice with grapefruit the noticeable fragrance quite often. This medium aroma balances the low bittering value. Derived from a cross between fuggles and the Russian hop Serebrianker. Very popular hop among craft brewers.
Used For: Good for flavor and aroma, but an acceptable bittering hop. Pale Ales, IPAs, Porters
Substitutes: Amarillo, Centennial, Ahtanum
9-11% Bittering - Aroma
Flowers & citrus most evident. A medium aroma with mid to high bittering value makes it a dual purpose choice. Cross between Brewer's Gold and a selected USDA male.
Used For: Aromatic but acceptable for bittering. Medium to Dark American Ales, IPAs.
Substitutes: Cascade, Amarillo
7-10% All purpose
Mild to Moderate aroma, quite spicy. One of the few recognized all-purpose hops combining moderate amounts of alpha acid with a good kettle aroma.
Used For: Popular bittering hop used primarily in the UK. British ales and lagers
Substitutes: Northern Brewer, Perle
11-13% Bittering
Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, distinct piney aroma like a pine forest washed with exotic spice and infused with grapefruit. This alluring aroma and a high bittering value has gained this hop full respect from craft & major brewers. Cross between Petham Golding and USDA select male
Used For: Strong bittering ability. Most beer styles from Pale Ales to Lagers
Substitutes:: Eroica, Galena,Cluster,Nugget, Bullion
10-11% All Purpose
Very fruity Citrus, peach, apricot, passion fruit, grapefruit, lime, melon, gooseberry, lychee fruit, pineapple, mango, papaya and other tropical fruit flavors and aromas. A very new high alpha Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Tettnanger, EKG hybrid with distinctive citrus aroma.
Use For: Pale ales, IPA
Substitutes: Simcoe ,and other fruity citrusy "C" hops
5.5-8.5% All Purpose
Floral aroma, Excellent general purpose hop with medium and well-balanced bittering potential and no undesirable aroma properties. Good for Dark beers.
Used For: Bittering with good flavor. Light and dark American lagers.
Substitutes: Galena,Chinook, Eroica.
COLUMBIA 12-16% Bittering
A Centenial substitute. Very pungent, aromatic, and clean tasting.
Used For: ambers, ales, pale ales, porters and stouts.
Substitutes: Centennial, chinook, eroica
13-16% All Purpose
Earthy, spicy, pungent, with some citrus overtones. Not overwhelmingly citrus like Cascade. High on the bittering scale yet also valued for its oil content creates a hop that is an interesting dichotomy of sharp and herbal, suprisingly pleasant aroma.
Used For: Bittering mainly, good flavor. American IPAs & Pale Ales, Stout, Lager
Substitutes: Centennial, Chinook, Galena, Nugget, AKA Zeus/Tomahawk
COMET 8-11% Bittering
A rare U.S. hop. Used primarily for their bittering character. Wild American aroma that is objectionable to some brewers, Comet today is no longer grown commercially.
Used For: Most ales and lagers
Substitutes: Galena
3-5% Finishing
Mild and pleasant, a delicate blend of spices and flowers. Low bittering value adds to the charm. Known as a triploid, three hops contributing characteristics: Cascade, Brewer's Gold and Early Green..
Used For: Aroma. German-style Pilsner, Lager, Kölsch, ESB, Belgian Ales
Substitutes: Liberty,Mt. Hood,German Hallertau, Ultra
6.5% Dual Purpose
Aroma Type Hop Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy with a hint of citrus. Still experimental
Used For: American Pale ales, American IPA, experiment with new styles
EROICA 11-13% All Purpose
Aroma is quite strong, but not unpleasant. Better aroma than many high alpha acid hops. Suitable for general bittering. Bred by open pollination of Brewer's Gold.
Used For: bittering and good aroma for high alpha hops (use sparingly). Pale ales, dark ales and Stouts
Substitutes: Chinook,Cluster,Galena,Nugget.
FIRST GOLD 6-9% All Purpose
Pleasant citrus/apricot nose that is outstanding in ESB's, IPA's, or fruit beers. Dwarf hop with fine English Golding character with Higher alpha.
Use For: English style ales, porters, fruit beers
Substitutes: any Golding variety
4.0-5.5% Finishing
Classic English aroma hop with moderate bittering value. Mild and pleasant, spicy, soft, woody, with some fruit tones. Also known over-seas as Styrian Golding.
Used For: Finishing, Dry hopping. English ales, especially Pale ales, Porters, Stouts.
Substitutes: Willamette, East Kent Goldings, Styrian Goldings.
11-13% All Purpose
Australian high alpha dual purpose hop with a big unique aroma, described as a combination of citrus and passionfruit. Used in Widmer Galaxy Hopped Barley Wine.
Used For: Good for bittering with tropical fruit flavors and very fragrant. Pale Ales, IPA's, Barley Wines
Substitutes: Simcoe, Citra, Amarillo any IPA type Hop.
10-12% Bittering
Medium aroma but pleasant hoppiness. Bred from Brewer's Gold by open pollination. Excellent high alpha acid hop with balanced bittering profiles paired with acceptable hop aroma.
Used For: Very bitter, but blends well with finishing hops. American ales, stouts and lagers. Suitable for all beer styles.
Substitutes: Nugget, Cluster, Chinook.
GLACIER 5-6% Finishing
Pleasant aroma of citrus mixed with sweet fruity of pear or apricot. Aroma seems to be the strong suit of this hop.
Use For: American ale or ESB
Substitutes: Palisade
4-5% Finishing
Refined Gentle, Fragrant and pleasant with flowery tones, that has produced some of England's best bitters.
Used For: Classic English ales, kettle hopping, dry hopping, spicy flavor. All English-style beers (Ales, ESB, Bitter), Belgian-style Ales
Substitutes: Kent Goldings, Fuggle, Willamette.
GREEN BULLET (NZ) 9-11% Bittering
A high alpha hop with fruity and resiny flavors and floral aromas, from New Zealand. Considered a bittering variety typically for Lager, Green Bullet also carries a solid Styrian characteristic of subtle spiciness which finds it at home in a freshly drawn pint of Bitter or an Irish-style Dry Stout.
Used For: Lagers, some ales and stouts
HALLERTAU-Domestic [LEAF] [PELLET]
5-6% Finishing
Named for its origins in the Hallertauer region of Germany, this is a noble aroma hop with ever-so-subtle flower and spice fragrances defining its "über alles" superiority.
Used For: Good all around bittering and finishing. Stock ales, Altbiers, Belgian ales, and Continental style lagers. Pilsner, Bock, Lager, Wheat
Substitutes Mt. Hood, Liberty, Crystal.
HALLERTAU-German 3.5-5% Finishing
Traditionally a superior German aroma hop. Mild to semi-strong aroma , the most popular variety. Excellent flavor.
Used For: Versatile bittering and finishing. Wheats, Altbiers, Pilseners, Belgian ales, American and German lagers.
Substitutes Mt. Hood, Liberty, Crystal.
HALLERTAU HERSBRUCKER 3-5% Finishing
Drier, spicier than Hallertauer. Most important aroma variety in Germany.
Used For: Aroma and flavor. German ales and lagers.
Substitutes: Mt Hood
3-5% Aroma
Typical characteristics of a hallertau mild and pleasant aroma
Use For:Good all around bittering and finishing. Stock ales, Altbiers, Belgian ales, and Continental style lagers. Pilsner, Bock, Lager, Wheat
Substitutes: any Hallertau
HERALD 11-13% Bittering
New high-alpha acid dwarf hop. Not much info available.
Used For: Primarily bittering
HORIZON 12-14% Bittering
A cross between Brewers gold and German(probably Hallertau) aroma hops bred in Oregon.
Used For: American ales and lagers.
Substitutes: Magnum
HULLER 4-6% All Purpose
A universal hop for both bittering and aroma.
Used For: Bitters, German ales and lagers
KENT GOLDING - U.K. 3-5% Finishing
Refined Gentle, Fragrant and pleasant with flowery tones. Traditional old English hop. Referred to as East Kent Goldings if grown in East Kent, Kent Goldings if grown in Mid-Kent, and Goldings if grown elsewhere.
Used For: Classic English ales, kettle hopping, dry hopping, spicy flavor. All English-style beers (Ales, ESB, Bitter), Belgian-style Ales
Substitutes: Goldings (British Columbia), Fuggle, Willamette.
LIBERTY 3-5% Finishing
American cousin to Hallertau with very similar flower and spice characteristics, mild and pleasant, quite fine. Best used as a finishing hop in German-style lagers.
Used For: Finishing. American and German ales, Lager, Pilsner, Bock, Kölsch
Substitutes: German Hallertau, Mt. Hood, Crystal.\
LUBLIN -Poland 3-4.5% Finishing
Mild and typical of noble aroma types. Another source of the classical noble-aroma type hop with long and strong traditions. Widely believed to be a clone of Saaz.
Used For: Finishing
Substitutes: Czech Saaz, Tettnang
12-17% Bittering
A German thoroughbred with limited Pacific Northwest plantings. Prized for its high bittering value, the aromatic nature is one of spice and citrus, but is minimal compared to its big bittering.
Used For: Pale Ales, IPAs, German-style Lager
Substitutes: Galena
MILLENIUM 14-16% Bittering
Very similar to Nugget hops in aroma and flavor. Some descriptors included floral, resiny, and a bit spicy/herbal.
Use For: American Style Ales
Substitutes: Nugget, Columbus
MOTUEKA (NZ) 6.5-7.5% All Purpose
An excellent hop in many applications from first kettle additions through to late. This hop offers a unique aroma and flavour making it suitable for producing bigger more traditional style Lagers, especially Bohemian Pilsener. Excellent when employed in multiple additions from a single hop bill and sits well on the palate to balance speciality malt sweetness. An excellent variety for Belgian Ales and gives a real edge to Cask Bitter.
5-8% Finishing
Hybrid of Hallertau with similar mild flower/spice aroma characteristics with a hint more of the forest. "Clean" commonly describes it, with similarities to the German Hallertau and Hersbrucker varieties
Used For: Aroma and flavor. American and German ales and lagers.
Substitutes: German Hallertau, Liberty, Crystal.
NELSON SAUVIN (NZ) 12-13% Bittering
Described to have a white wine fruitiness of "crushed gooseberries". A hop that requires judicious application in the brew house, this truly unique dual-purpose variety can be used to produce big punchy Ales as well as subtle yet bitter Lagers. The fruitiness may be a little overpowering for the un-initiated, however those with a penchant for bold hop character will find several applications for this true brewer's hop.
Used For: ales and lagers
NEWPORT 10-17% Bittering
Mild aroma. Fairly pungent, resiny flavor. An Oregon original derived from Brewers gold, Mittelfruh, Late Grape, Belgium 31, and Fuggle. Newport hops were bred as a potential replacement to Galena based on their resistance to mildew. Widely used by the Rogue Brewery.
Used For: virtually any style
Substitutes: Galena
NEW ZEALAND HALLERTAUER 8-9% Finishing - All purpose
Bred from the German Hallertau Mittelfrüh, this aroma hop is characterized by woodsy, citrusy notes and a clean taste that has staying power. Higher alpha makes it an acceptable bittering hop as well.
Used For: Organic Pilsner, Lager, German-style beers
Substitutes: Hallertau Mittelfrüh
NOBLE Hops
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (from the Hallertau region of Bavaria)
Tettnanger Tettnang (Tettnang is a small town in southern Germany)
Spalter Spalt (Spalt is a town in Bavaria)
Saaz (which is the German name of the city of Žatec in the Czech Republic where this hop originates from)
NORTHDOWN 7-10% Dual Purpose
Mellow English higher alpha-acid hop. Similar to Northern Brewer, but with a better flavor and aroma than domestic NB; A clean bittering hop.
Used For: General purpose bittering, flavor and aroma for heavier ales. Porters.
Substitutes: Northern Brewer, Target
7-11% All Purpose
A true dual-purpose hop containing moderate amounts of alpha acids combined with an acceptable aroma profile. Neutral, clean aroma, woody with evergreen and mint overtones and slightly higher-than-average bittering value.
Used For: Good for bittering with strong flavors and very fragrant. Steam beers, English-style Ales, ESB, Bitter, Porter, and German lagers.
Substitutes: Galena, Perle.
11-16% All Purpose
Strong heavy and herbal, spicy aroma and high bittering value (along with desirable growing traits) has brought this hop variety to the forefront of the industry. Selected from a cross between Brewer's Gold and a high alpha male.
Used For: Extremely bitter. All Ales, Stouts
Subs: Chinook, Galena, Cluster
OLYMPIC 11-13% Bittering
Moderate aroma. Similar to Chinook and Brewers Gold.
Used for: Mainly bittering. Stouts and Dark ales.
Substitutes: Brewers Gold, Chinook, Galena.
OMEGA 9-11% Bittering
A very new very bitter hop.
Used For: General bittering lagers, ales, stouts
Substitutes: any high alpha
ORION 6-8% Finishing - Flavor
Classic Noble style, Dual Use hop from Germany. Not much info available
Use For: German ales and lagers
Substitutes: any noble hop
PACIFICA (NZ) 5-6% Finishing
The Pacifica brings something of a blend of new and old-world taste descriptors to the brewers' forum. Orange marmalade aptly describes the citrus aroma notes achieved through late addition. Bittering quality is such that early kettle additions net a soft yet solid finish even in highly bittered beers.
Used For: Aroma Hop in multiple styles
15-17% Bittering
A pleasing fruity aroma of blackberries with a woodsy flavor are the essence of this variety used mainly as a bittering agent in organic beers.
Used For: Organic Pale Ales, IPAs
PACIFIC JADE (NZ)12-14% All Purpose
The aroma of this hop is described as "bold" as it delivers a herbal infusion of fresh citrus and crushed black pepper. The citrus aroma and flavour notes work well to temper malt sweetness in "fullish" Ales especially when used moderately as a finishing hop.
Used For: Dry Lagers
PALISADE 6-9% Finishing
Aroma described as floral, Subtle Apricot, Grassy or "Pretty". Non-aggressive, smooth hop flavor with a fruity, non-citrusy aroma more characteristic of english style Pale ales.
Use For: Baetter for Aroma and flavor in english style ales despite the high alpha.
Substitutes: Glacier
7-9% All Purpose
A palate-pleaser with its moderate,pleasant, minty clean bittering qualities and refreshing, spicy "green hop" aroma. Derived from English Notheren Brewer.
Used For: bittering and good aromas. A wide range from Pale Ale to Lager to Stout
Substitutes: Northern Brewer, Cluster, Galena
PHOENIX 10-12% Bittering
Attractive English aroma (sources say similar to challenger) with high alpha-acid. Use as an aroma hop were reportedly dissapointing.
Use For: English Ales including porters, stouts, ESBs, and bitters.
Substitutes: Challenger
PIONEER 8-10% dual Purpose
New dwarf variety with clean bitterness and mild English aroma. Unusual pleasant lemon/grapefruit citrus aroma distinctively hoppy.
Use For: English Ales, ESBs, and bitters.
Substitutes: Yeoman, Herald, Omega
PRIDE OF RINGWOOD (AU) 7-10% All Purpose
Quite pronounced aroma but not unpleasant, citrus-like. At the time of release in 1965 it was the highest alpha hop in the world. closely associated with such famous beers as Foster's Lager.
Used For: Predominantly bittering but with interesting aromatic qualities. British ales, Australian- style ales and lagers.
Substitutes: Centennial, Galena, Cluster
PROGRESS 5-8% dual Purpose
Simular to Fuggles but a little sweeter. aka UK Progress and Wye Progress. Bred from Whitbred Goldings Vareity but with an assertive fruity aroma. Robust, Fruity, Lime. M. Jackson called them "junipery".
Used For: Widely used for real cask ales. English and Scottish ales
Substitutes: Goldings and Fuggles.
RIWAKA (NZ) 4.5-6.5% Finishing
powerful grapefruit "citrus" characters are literally breathtaking. A punchy addition to the new-world styles of Pale Ale and regional Pilseners. A cult hero that is established in the New Zealand craft beer culture.
Used For: Pale ales or any hop dominant ale
3-5% Finishing
The Old World steadfast standby made famous by Pilsner Urquell possesses the aromatic blend of earth and spice notable in European nobles. Low bittering value.
Used For: Finishing, very flavorful. Bohemian-style beers, Continental lagers, Wheats, Pilsener lagers.
Substitutes: Czech Saaz (some would claim there is no substitute), Tettnang (Only in a pinch), U.S. Saaz (some would claim there is no substitute)
SANTIAM 5.5-8% Finishing
Resembles a Noble hop aroma. Herbal. Floral. This is a mixture of Tettnanger, Mittelfruh, Cascades,and who knows what else. Aroma is a suggestion of Tettnanger. Another product of Corvallis Oregon (Go Beavers!).
Used For: American Lagers, German Lagers and Ales, and Wheat beers.
Substitutes: Citra
SAPHIR 3-4.5% Finishing
Refined, sweet, mild clean citrus, hint of tangerine. It was bred with a Hallertau parent and probably a long list of other hops to make it more commercially viable.
Used For: Plisners, German lagers, Belgian whites
Substitutes: Hallertau Mittelfruh
12-14% - Bittering - Flavor
Aromas of passionfruit, apricot, Intense pine and woodsy aroma adds to the fresh, youthful vigor of this complex hop. Dual purpose but generally considered a bittering hop.
Used For: American Ales, IPAs, Double IPAs
Subs: Amarillo Cascade Centennial (a blend of these might come closer)
SLADEK - Czech 9-10% Finishing
Hybrid aroma variety of Saaz type with excellent impact on hoppy taste and aroma of beer. New dual purpose Czech hop.
Used For: Lagers
Substitutes: Saaz
13-16% Bittering
A Japanese winner by all counts with its powerful lemon aroma, high bittering value and flavorful personality.
Used For: American Ales, lagers, Pale Ales, Wheat
SOUTHERN CROSS NZ 12% Bittering
The aroma is characterised by a heady mix of lemon peel and pine needles layered beneath the clean spiciness. Primarily a bittering hop but reported to have a nice mellow aroma as a late addition hop.
Used For: Australian Lagers
3-6% Finishing
Traditional German noble hop. A Saaz alternative, Aromatic and flavorful.
Used For: Great in German lagers
Substitutes: Saaz, Tettnang, Ultra
6-9% Aroma - Bittering
Herbs and spices dominate, flowers and citrus around the fringes. Moderate bittering values with a mix of Saaz and Mt. Hood properties.
Used For: Ale, Pilsner, Lager
Subs: Saaz, Mt Hood
STICKLEBRACT 9-11% Bittering
Noted for its piney, citrusy aroma. May give a unique New Zealand twist to English beer styles. Coarse, high-alpha acid variety.
Used For: primarily ales
4-6% Finishing
Delicate, slightly spicy, soft and floral. A world renowned aroma hop with widespread usage in both ale and lager brewing. An ecotype of Fuggle grown in Slovenia.
Used For: Bittering, finishing, dry hopping. english style ales, Vienna/Oktoberfest lagers, Belgian ales, Pilseners.
Substitutes: Fuggle, Willamette.
SUMMIT (Dwarf) [LEAF] [PELLET]
17.5–19.5% Bittering
Quite new on the scene (2003) but the consensus is very positive with its "peak" bittering value coupled with robust citrus notes of orange, tangerine and grapefruit. Receiving accolades as an ideal hop for the ultimate Pale Ale.
Used For: Pale Ale, IPA Drifter Pale Ale, Widmer Brothers
Substitutes: Simcoe
SUN 15-16% Bittering
A super alpha hop. Not much info on this one.
Used For:
SUPER ALPHA (NZ) 10-12% All Purpose
Slight fresh grassiness beneath a mix of aromas such as pine needles and lemongrass. A very versatile hop in the brew house where it can be used to deliver a very crisp bitter edge on the back pallet as well as excellent aroma qualities. Like most New Zealand varieties the exceptional oil profile sets it apart as a hop with many applications.
Used For:
13-16% Bittering
uper Galena is a super high alpha variety developed by the Hopsteiner breeding program and released in 2006. It has relatively high contents of both alpha and beta acids, making it a good bittering hop with pleasant aroma. Super Galena is comparable to Galena in its aroma and bitterness profile, but offers a substantially higher yield and complete resistance to all current hop powdery mildew strains found in the U.S.
Used For: Very bitter, but blends well with finishing hops. American ales, stouts and lagers. Suitable for all beer styles.
Substitutes: Galena, Nugget, Cluster, Chinook.
An improved Cluster variety. Not much more info available.
Used For:
10-12% All Purpose
Widely used for high alpha acid content comined with an acceptable aroma. Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Used For: Robust bittering. British ales and lagers.
Substitutes: None really quite like it, maybe East Kent Goldings or Northdown.
TAURUS 12-15% Bittering
Ultra high-alpha acid variety of Hallertau, giving medium bitterness. It has a distinctive hoppy tang with a delicate aroma.
Use For:
Substitutes: Magnum, Citra, Tradition
4-5% Finishing
Fine, very spicy, mild, floral, very aromatic. Recently established in the U.S., traditional German variety, true noble aroma variety.
Used For: Finishing. Wheats and lagers.
Substitutes: Saaz, Spalter, Ultra
14-17% Bittering
Earthy, spicy, pungent, with some citrus overtones. Not overwhelmingly citrus like Cascade. High on the bittering scale yet also valued for its oil content creates a hop that is an interesting dichotomy of sharp and herbal.
Used For: Bittering American style ales, stouts
Substitutes: AKA Columbus ,Zeus
10-13% Bittering
High-alpha acid Hallertau variety with German characteristics grown to replace Hersbrucker.
Use For: Lagers, Pilsner, Bock, Wheat, Weizen
Substitutes: Magnum, Hersbrucker, Taurus
ULTRA 3% Finishing
Newer domestic aroma variety with Saaz characteristics. Very fine, mild, spicy with floral notes. Bred as a substitute for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Used For: finishing hop for Pilsner and German style lagers.
Substitutes: Hallertau, Any Noble hop, Crystal, Liberty, Mt. Hood
VANGUARD 4-6% Finishing
Slightly flowery, mild. Similar to Hallertau Mittlefruh and saaz in aroma. A gentle hop for subtle bitterness, aroma, and flavor.
Use For: Use in not-so-overly-malty beers. Light lagers, Pilsners, Kolsch, Wheat, and Munich Helles.
WARRIOR 14.5- 17.0% Bittering
Grapefruity and lemony, some piney notes. Also saw pineapple as a descriptor. Its high bittering value and very mild aroma offers new dimensions to IPA & Double IPA brewers.
Used For: bittering big beers like Dogfish Head IPA.
Substitutes: About any high alpha
4-6% Finishing
The king of aroma hops in the U.S. with its modest bittering value and the joyous harmony of flowers, fruit, earth and spice. A quality aroma hop with a smooth soft flavor.
Used For: Finishing, dry hopping. American and British ales and lagers.
Substitutes: Fuggle, Styrian Goldings, Kent Goldings.
YEOMAN 9-14% Bittering
A popular bittering hop in the U.K.Similar to Targets.Not too available in the U.S.
Used For: British ales and lagers
Substitutes: Target
Has a good aroma.Not too available.If found can be used in
Used For: British ales and lagers.A.A
14-17% Bittering
Earthy, spicy, pungent, with some citrus overtones. Not overwhelmingly citrus like Cascade. High on the bittering scale yet also valued for its oil content creates a hop that is an interesting dichotomy of sharp and herbal.
Used For: Bittering American style ales, stouts
Subs: AKA Columbus ,Tomahawk
Freshops: Variety descriptions. Philomath Oregon. 2009
Garetz, Mark. Using Hops: The Complete Guide to Hops for the Craft Brewer. Danville,CA: Hop Tech, 1994.
HopUnion U.S.A. Inc. Hop Variety Characteristics. Yakima,WA: HopUnion, U.S.A., Inc. 1995.
Miller, David. Homebrewing Guide. Pownal,VT: Storey Publishing, 1995.
Snyder, Stephen. The Brewmaster's Recipe Manual. Guttenburg,NJ: The Beer Garden Press, 1994.


text:
5. Rent-To-Own Merchandise
The $6.8 billion rent-to-own industry offers TVs, computers, appliances, jewelry, and furniture for "low, easy payments" with no money down. But many of the three million people who shop in chain stores like Rent-A-Center end up buying over time-and paying exorbitant rates.
A 37-inch LG flat-screen TV that retails for $1,300 can be rented for about $36 a week. After 142 weeks, you own the TV but are out $5,100. That's an interest rate of 142 percent. Rent-A-Center's Gus Whitcomb says, "You have to add in delivery and in-home service to any comparison costs before you do an apples-to-apples comparison."
The industry contends that it doesn't really sell merchandise-it mainly rents it. This allows stores to avoid violating state usury laws-which regulate the highest rate that can be charged legally-despite true annual percentage rates (APR) of 75 percent to 350 percent, says Ed Mierzwinski of the U.S. Public Interest Research Groups. "They promote the dream of ownership to poor people who are grossly overcharged for what is often used or low-quality merchandise."
People with bad credit or low incomes may feel they have no other options. That was certainly true of Traci Barker, 30, who rented furniture, TVs, and a used computer. At the time, the single mom from Sicklerville, New Jersey, earned $10 an hour as a customer-service representative. "It got to the point where I was making $150 a week in payments to Rent-A-Center," says Barker, who had to return most of her rentals when she lost her job.
She joined a class action lawsuit against Rent-A-Center. After the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled that interest rates of 80 percent or more were in violation of state law, the rent-to-own giant settled the case for $109 million. Barker, who had spent $10,000, got a $6,000 refund.
The best advice: Spending $35 to rent a big-screen TV for a Super Bowl party might be a good deal. But over the long term, rent-to-own contracts are like subprime mortgages for washing machines and pullout sofas. If you miss a payment, the merchandise may be repossessed and you'll lose the money you've paid.


text:
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text:
The following is an archive of a post made to our
'vox-tech mailing list'
by one of its subscribers.
If the drive is less than 3-5 years old, then you might want to just call and warrantee replace it.
The vast majority of Hard Drives 3-5 years old, have 3-5 year warrantees.
But if it clicks, then I would begin data transfer. I would also run the vender hw test utils, though those are not deifinitive.
On Sat, 11 August 2001, Eric wrote:
> WOW! I never expected this much info. The drive clicks
> loudly, and seeks *very* slowly... I'll assume it is
> (or is going) bad and maybe tear it apart to learn
> more about hard drives!
> Thanks,
> ERic
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text:
I recently produced an interview on how some scientists are being helped in their research by thousands of amateurs recruited via the internet. This process is called crowdsourcing, and you can watch our interview about it above. As I was researching the topic, I spent some time on a crowdsourcing website called EyeWire.
The EyeWire site was launched by Sebastian Seung's computational neuroscience lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) this past December. EyeWire participants help map the 3D structure of neurons in the human retina. It's part of a huge endeavour known as the Human Connectome Project, which aims to create a map of all the connections between cells in the brain.
If you're a fan of the band Muse, you may know that the cover of their latest album, "The 2nd Law," is a human connectome image that was selected to illustrate the complexity of the brain's neural wiring.
The graphical interface on EyeWire is very sophisticated, but I found it quite easy to use once I'd made my way through the tutorial process. But one of the most intriguing aspects of the site for me was the fact that the work of mapping neurons has been turned into a game. As I rotated the 3D cube in which I observed a portion of a neuron, which had been mapped by a computer, my goal was to add bits of neuron that the computer had missed. With each correct addition I scored points and, once I submitted my completed map, I saw how well I had scored.
I managed to amass only 160 points with my first neuron map. But considering that the best "players" were racking up not millions but mere thousands of points that day, I didn't feel too incompetent.
However, it did make me wonder about what the gaming aspect of the site added, or subtracted, from the experience of contributing to this scientific project. In the end, the points were irrelevant to me. I wanted to participate because I thought my contributions were helping push science forward. The process was mentally challenging and fun. And I was learning something at the same time. And, heck, I still made it into the top 50.
To learn more about EyeWire, watch the Agenda Plus segment below, in which scientist Chris Lintott speaks to Steve Paikin about the game:
Related post: Crowdsourcing: Look, Up In The Sky ...


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Metvix 160 mg/g cream
Last Updated on eMC 21-Jan-2013 View changes | Galderma (U.K) Ltd Contact details
- 1. Name of the medicinal product
- 2. Qualitative and quantitative composition
- 3. Pharmaceutical form
- 4. Clinical particulars
- 4.1 Therapeutic indications
- 4.2 Posology and method of administration
- 4.3 Contraindications
- 4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
- 4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
- 4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
- 4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
- 4.8 Undesirable effects
- 4.9 Overdose
- 5. Pharmacological properties
- 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
- 5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
- 5.3 Preclinical safety data
- 6. Pharmaceutical particulars
- 6.1 List of excipients
- 6.2 Incompatibilities
- 6.3 Shelf life
- 6.4 Special precautions for storage
- 6.5 Nature and contents of container
- 6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
- 7. Marketing authorisation holder
- 8. Marketing authorisation number(s)
- 9. Date of first authorisation/renewal of the authorisation
- 10. Date of revision of the text
1. Name of the medicinal product
Metvix 160 mg/g cream.
2. Qualitative and quantitative composition
Metvix cream contains 160 mg/g of methyl aminolevulinate (as hydrochloride) equivalent to 16.0% of methyl aminolevulinate (as hydrochloride). Excipients with known effects:Metvix cream contains cetostearyl alcohol (40 mg/g), methyl parahydroxybenzoate (E 218; 2 mg/g), propyl parahydroxybenzoate (E 216; 1 mg/g) and arachis oil (30 mg/g).For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
3. Pharmaceutical form
Cream.The colour is cream to pale yellow.
4. Clinical particulars
4.1 Therapeutic indications
Treatment of thin or non-hyperkeratotic and non-pigmented actinic keratoses on the face and scalp when other therapies are considered less appropriate. Only for treatment of superficial and/or nodular basal cell carcinoma unsuitable for other available therapies due to possible treatment related morbidity and poor cosmetic outcome; such as lesions on the mid-face or ears, lesions on severely sun damaged skin, large lesions, or recurrent lesions.Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen´s disease) when surgical excision is considered less appropriate.
4.2 Posology and method of administration
Adults (including the elderly)For treatment of actinic keratoses (AK) one session of photodynamic therapy should be administered. Treated lesions should be evaluated after three months and if needed, treatment should be repeated with a second therapy session. For treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and Bowen's disease two sessions should be administered with an interval of one week between sessions. Before applying Metvix cream, the lesion surface should be prepared to remove scales and crusts and roughen the surface of the lesions. Nodular BCC lesions are often covered by an intact epidermal keratin layer which should be removed. Exposed tumour material should be removed gently without any attempt to excise beyond the tumour margins.Apply a layer of Metvix cream (about 1 mm thick) by using a spatula to the lesion and the surrounding 5-10 mm of normal skin. Cover the treated area with an occlusive dressing for 3 hours.Remove the dressing, and clean the area with saline and immediately expose the lesion to red light with a continuous spectrum of 570-670 nm and a total light dose of 75 J/cm2 at the lesion surface. Red light with a narrower spectrum giving the same activation of accumulated porphyrins may be used. The light intensity at the lesion surface should not exceed 200 mW/cm2. Only CE marked lamps should be used, equipped with necessary filters and/or reflecting mirrors to minimize exposure to heat, blue light and UV radiation. It is important to ensure that the correct light dose is administered. The light dose is determined by factors such as the size of the light field, the distance between lamp and skin surface and illumination time. These factors vary with lamp type, and the lamp should be used according to the user manual. The light dose delivered should be monitored if a suitable detector is available.Patient and operator should adhere to safety instructions provided with the light source. During illumination patient and operator should wear protective goggles which correspond to the lamp light spectrum.Healthy untreated skin surrounding the lesion does not need to be protected during illumination.Multiple lesions may be treated during the same treatment session. Lesion responses should be assessed after three months, and at this response evaluation, lesion sites showing non-complete response may be retreated if desired. It is recommended that the response of BCC and Bowen's disease lesions be confirmed by histological examination of biopsy material. Subsequently, close long term clinical monitoring of BCC and Bowen´s disease is recommended, with histology if necessary.
Children and adolescents:There is no experience of treating patients below the age of 18 years.
4.3 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance, to any of the excipients including arachis oil, listed in section 6.1; or to peanut or soya. Morpheaform basal cell carcinoma. Porphyria.
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Metvix should only be administered in the presence of a physician, a nurse or other health care professionals trained in the use of photodynamic therapy with Metvix. Metvix is not recommended during pregnancy (see section 4.6).Thick (hyperkeratotic) actinic keratoses should not be treated with Metvix. There is no experience of treating lesions which are pigmented, highly infiltrating or located on the genitalia with Metvix cream. There is no experience of treating Bowen´s disease lesions larger than 40 mm. As with cryotherapy and 5-FU therapy of Bowen´s disease, response rates of large lesions (>20 mm in diameter) are lower than those of small lesions. There is no experience of treating Bowen´s disease in transplant patients on immunosuppressive therapy or in patients with a history of arsenic exposure. Methyl aminolevulinate may cause sensitization by skin contact resulting in angioedema, application site eczema or allergic contact dermatitis. The excipient cetostearyl alcohol may cause local skin reactions (e.g. contact dermatitis), methyl- and propyl parahydroxybenzoate (E218, E216) may cause allergic reactions (possibly delayed).Any UV-therapy should be discontinued before treatment. As a general precaution, sun exposure of the treated lesion sites and surrounding skin should be avoided for about 2 days following treatment.Direct eye contact with Metvix cream should be avoided.
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
No specific interaction studies have been performed with methyl aminolevulinate.
4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
PregnancyThere are no data from the use of Methyl aminolevulinate in pregnant women. Reproductive toxicity studies in animals have not been performed. Metvix is not recommended during pregnancy (see section 4.4).
Breast-feedingThe amount of methyl aminolevulinate excreted into human breast milk following topical administration of Metvix cream is not known. In the absence of clinical experience, breast-feeding should be discontinued for 48 hours after application of Metvix cream.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
Not relevant.
4.8 Undesirable effects
a) Approximately 60 % of patients experience reactions localised to the treatment site that are attributable to toxic effects of the photodynamic therapy (phototoxicity) or to preparation of the lesion. The most frequent symptoms are painful and burning skin sensation typically beginning during illumination or soon after and lasting for a few hours with resolving on the day of treatment. The symptoms are usually of mild or moderate severity and rarely require early termination of illumination. The most frequent signs of phototoxicity are erythema and scab. The majority are of mild or moderate severity and persist for 1 to 2 weeks or occasionally longer. Local phototoxic reactions may be reduced in frequency and severity with repeated treatment of Metvix.b) The incidence of adverse reactions in a clinical trial population of 932 patients receiving the standard treatment regimen and adverse reactions reported from the post marketing surveillance are shown in the table below.
A study conducted in immunocompromised organ transplant recipients did not identify any safety concern in this population, adverse events being similar to those reported in trials in immunocompetent patients.
|Body system (MedDRA)
|Adverse reaction
|Nervous system disorders
|Paraesthesia, headache
|Eye disorders
|Uncommon Not known
|Eye swelling, eye pain Eyelid oedema
|Vascular disorders
|Wound haemorrhage
|Gastrointestinal disorders
|Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
|Very common
|Pain of skin, skin burning sensation, scab, erythema
|Skin infection, skin ulcer, skin oedema, skin swelling, blister, skin hemorrhage, pruritus, skin exfoliation, skin warm
|Urticaria, rash, skin irritation, photosensitivity reaction, skin hypopigmentation, skin hyperpigmentation, heat rash, skin discomfort
|Not known
|Angioedema, face oedema (swelling face), application site eczema, allergic contact dermatitis, rash pustular (application site pustule)
|General disorders and administration site conditions
|Application site discharge, feeling hot
|* Very common adverse reactions: Adverse reactions occurring in ≥1/10) of patients. Common adverse reactions: Adverse reactions occurring in ≥1/100, <1/10 of patients. Uncommon adverse reactions: Adverse reactions occurring in ≥1/1000, ≤1/100 of patients. Not known: Cannot be estimated from the available data Adverse reactions reported by more than two patients in the clinical studies are included. Adverse reactions with not known frequency are reported from the post marketing experience.
4.9 Overdose
The severity of local phototoxic reactions such as erythema, pain and burning sensation may increase in case of prolonged application time or very high light intensity.
5. Pharmacological properties
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group:Antineoplastic agent, ATC Code: L01X D03 Mechanism of Action:After topical application of methyl aminolevulinate, porphyrins accumulate intracellularly in the treated skin lesions. The intracellular porphyrins (including PpIX) are photoactive, fluorescing compounds and, upon light activation in the presence of oxygen, singlet oxygen is formed which causes damage to cellular compartments, in particular the mitochondria. Light activation of accumulated porphyrins leads to a photochemical reaction and thereby phototoxicity to the light-exposed target cells.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
In vitro dermal absorption of radiolabelled methyl aminolevulinate applied to human skin has been studied. After 24 hours the mean cumulative absorption through human skin was 0.26 % of the administered dose. A skin depot containing 4.9 % of the dose was formed. No corresponding studies in human skin with damage similar to actinic keratosis lesions and additionally roughened surface or without stratum corneum were performed.In humans, a higher degree of accumulation of porphyrins in lesions compared to normal skin has been demonstrated with Metvix cream. After application of the cream for 3 hours and subsequent illumination with non-coherent light of 570-670 nm wavelength and a total light dose of 75 J/cm2, complete photobleaching occurs with levels of porphyrins returning to pre-treatment values.
5.3 Preclinical safety data
Preclinical studies on general toxicity and genotoxicity studies in the presence or absence of photoactivation, do not indicate potential risks for man. Carcinogenicity studies or studies on the reproductive function have not been performed with methyl aminolevulinate.
6. Pharmaceutical particulars
6.1 List of excipients
Self-emulsifying glyceryl monostearatecetostearyl alcoholpoloxyl 40 stearatemethyl parahydroxybenzoate (E 218)propyl parahydroxybenzoate (E 216)disodium edetateglycerolwhite soft paraffincholesterolisopropyl myristatearachis oilrefined almond oiloleyl alcohol purified water.
6.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable.
6.3 Shelf life
Unopened: 15 months.1 week after first opening of the container.
6.4 Special precautions for storage
Store in a refrigerator (2°C - 8°C).
6.5 Nature and contents of container
Aluminium tube with internal protective lacquer and a latex seal. Screw cap of HDPE.Metvix cream is supplied in a tube containing 2 g cream.
6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
No special requirements for disposal.
7. Marketing authorisation holder
Galderma (UK) Ltd Meridien House 69-71 Clarendon RoadWatfordHertsWD17 1DSUK
8. Marketing authorisation number(s)
9. Date of first authorisation/renewal of the authorisation
10. Date of revision of the text
December 2012
Galderma (U.K) Ltd
Meridien House, 69-71 Clarendon Road, Watford, Hertfordshire, WD17 1DS, UK
+44 (0)1923 208998
+44 (0)1923 208950
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Kenya won't host Somalia over fears players won't go home
NAIROBI, Kenya -- An official with Kenya's football federation says it declined to host an Olympic qualifying game between Somalia and Rwanda over fears the Somali players would refuse to return home.
Spokesman John Kariuki said Kenya's federation "did not want to take chances."
Somalia's team cannot play at home because of security concerns. It has now been given permission by Djibouti to play the game there this weekend. Rwanda won the first leg of the qualifying tie 2-0. ...


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"Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world."
BETHESDA OUTREACH MINISTRY INTERNATIONAL, INC. was established to support Bethesda Outreach Ministries, South Africa in assisting local churches in orphan care.
Bethesda Outreach Ministry International, Inc. is the supporting agency for Bethesda Outreach Ministries in South Africa. BOMI is committed to help local South African churches and individuals to meet the needs of orphan children so that they can become disciples of Christ. BOMI is helping Bethesda to carry out that vision in South Africa, where nearly one in five people are infected with HIV/AIDS. Thousands of parents are dying daily, leaving behind countless numbers of orphan children who are desperately trying to survive.
Equipping local churches and pastors for biblical orphan care is one of the major needs in South Africa and BOMI is helping Bethesda Outreach reach this goal by sending full time missionaries and short term volunteers who are able to provide valuable teaching and training to better prepare pastors, parents and children.
For more information on our Children's Village, our School and Outreach programs, please visit our South African website, www.bethesdaoutreach.org.
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Thursday, 21 February 2013
Mr. Rogers For Grownups
My brother and I were too old for Mr. Rogers Neighborhood. We were adults already when the children's program began in 1968, and since neither of us had kids, we had no reason to see it.
That doesn't mean I know nothing of the gentle, soft-spoken television host. A friend worked on his program for a time and Rogers appeared once or twice on a television program I produced.
Earlier this week, TGB reader Carmen Silva emailed a video with a short clip of Mr. Rogers speaking with poet Kenneth Koch.
According to poetryfoundation.org, the video is part of a longer conversation between Rogers and Koch that back in the day was broadcast on a prime time show, Old Friends, New Friends, Rogers created for adults.
"[He] interviewed people about their search for meaning in life. Notable guests included Milton Berle, Hoagy Carmichael, and William Sloane Coffin, plus lesser-known figures like Lesley Frost (second child of Robert and Elinor Frost) and Rogers's own barber."
Now, on behalf of The Fred Rogers Company, artist and writer Paul Zelevansky is producing from these conversations a series of 60-second videos called Mr. Rogers for Adults that, he says, address
"...psychological, philosophical, and epistemological concerns of social life and personal responsibility,"
At least one of them, the one with Koch, which was recorded at a senior center many decades ago, speaks to a condition that is particularly poignant in regard to elders. Take a look:
"...all people," says Koch, "like to feel that they are a necessary part of life, necessary in the world or as you said, life would be poorer if they weren't in it."
That's not too difficult during our primary midlife activities, raising the next generation who will carry on the work of the world and contributing (hopefully something useful) through our jobs, careers and professions.
It gets harder to believe about ourselves as we grow old. Just about everyone who lives past age 50 or 60 knows what it is like to become invisible to those around us. Age discrimination in the workplace is a painful example of no longer being necessary or wanted that becomes worse, affecting larger numbers of older workers in hard economic times, as now.
The snippet of conversation in the video is too short to even hint at what Rogers and Koch said about having or finding that sense of feeling necessary so let's do it ourselves today.
One obvious solution is volunteering and that certainly works for people who are capable. But what of those are no longer are? What other ways can people feel needed and wanted?
I was still working when I began this blog nearly a decade ago and that it would, in time, give me a strong sense of purpose – which is, of course, a large part of what feeling necessary is – did not enter my mind.
At first, I used it as a place to write down what I was learning about aging from my research and while I wasn't looking, it turned me into an advocate for old people. I am happy with that and for the foreseeable future, the blog gets enough attention from readers and elsewhere that I feel I contribute something.Without TGB, I would undoubtedly find something else to do that would fulfill me (I'm just that way) but I strongly suspect this need of the ego for purpose and recognition declines as we get closer to death. Or, rather, it should.
(To take a bit of a detour here), in her book of five essays on the mysteries of age titled, Old Age, Helen M. Luke speaks to this in a section about Prospero's epilogue spoken to the audience at the end of Shakespeare's The Tempest:
"We are made aware of a startling paradox," she writes. "The moment of letting go, of daring to stand alone, stripped of power and prestige, bereft of any sense of worth or superior knowledge, is at the same time the moment when such a man or woman becomes conscious of his absolute need of 'the other' both in the this world and in the Beyond.
"A choice between two ways then lies ahead. We may either continue in our last years to cling to our past achievements and worn-out values, thus sinking eventually into complete dependence on others, on collective opinions, demand and attitudes; or we may confront our growing weakness and loss of energy, together with out past rejections, sins and blindness (the "Caliban" within), and so approach that kind of free dependence on 'the other' which brings us to the meaning of forgivemess and to kinship with all things."
Okay, I'm getting carried away. But that's where the tiny, little video clip of Fred Rogers and Kenneth Koch sent me – to pull out Luke's book and re-read, reconsider some of that particular essay.
Now it's your turn. What do Rogers and Koch have you thinking?
At The Elder Storytelling Place today, Joyce Benedict: Books Saved My Life
Posted by Ronni Bennett at 05:30 AM | Permalink | Email this post
My thoughts were provoked by your passage about "letting go," and I was reminded of my dear grandmother. She was alert up until about six months before she died. I think she made a "conscious" decision to "let go," since about that time she stopped reading newspapers (she'd always been a news hound) and wouldn't even watch TV news. It was a gradual process -- until she refused food. And then it was painful...mostly for those of us who loved her. However, at some point, when that happens to a loved one (especially at her age 92), you begin to feel selfish for trying to intervene.
At any rate, interesting, thought-provoking post!
It is true that old people may have to re-tool to discern their "purpose" in life, now that careers and childraising are over.
However, in a larger sense, people of all ages ache to feel loved, valued, respected. I believe we should go through our lives cognizant of that need in others. We should do what we can, each day, to show our respect and warmth to those who are put in our path.
If this sounds syrupy, I'm sorry. It is what I believe.
I was struck by your phrase "the need of the ego for purpose and recognition." I experience those as two very different things.
Like you, Ronni, my working life as been about creating contexts (TV; campaigns) where somebody else got the recognition. I've always been more okay with that than not and I suspect that is a good preparation for getting older: we are less and less likely to get recognition.
As to purpose -- the moment when purpose amounts to merging with beingness is too deep for me to contemplate, though I hope and imagine we get there.
I don't worry about recognition. But while I've gotten used to being alone and entertaining myself, sometimes I need to be around people. I realized that this when I worked to elect Obama. And the good news is that Organizing for America will be keeping me busy -- probably forever. And that's okay -- they're nice people and it's not just old folks.
I am firmly of the opinion that human society needs its elders—in fact it needs them like never before. It needs true elder wisdom more than it ever did if life on Earth is to survive at all. So yes, we are most certainly needed. But if we look at this in terms of individuals wanting to feel needed, then I think we are missing the point. The deepest, most important task of this third stage of our lives is surely to transcend those sorts of egoic needs and to understand oneself, more and more, as part of something greater than the individual self—cells in the body of a living planet, if your spirituality is green like mine, or drops in a mighty ocean if you need a metaphor for what some call 'God.' Old age is not about personal purpose, it is about aligning ourselves with some larger purpose and focusing entirely on whatever it is we are yearning to give to that rather than what we expect to feel as a result.
For me, the first inkling that I was becoming invisible was that it was physical - that people no longer saw me in the literal sense. Gradually I realized the invisibility goes deeper than that, and my reaction was a kind of muted outrage. I still feel that at times, but I'm struggling to quell the outrage and replace it with a stronger sense of who I am to myself - and to God, however one defines God - so that my invisibility to others doesn't matter as much.
I will never forget the day Fred Rogers died. I was scheduled to facilitate a lecture in the morning, and as I greeted the audience, what came out of my mouth was "It is a sad day in the neighborhood." People applauded the late Mr. Rogers, and several shed tears of quiet sorrow. I was one of those. I grew up as an adult watching Mr. Rogers with my kids. If there was ever a day I was feeling a bit low, this feeling would soon subside as I curled in with my beauties, and watched his show. How else would I have learned how crayons are made! The world is a better place because of his kind wisdom. Thank you for this piece.
Julie Fraser
Ask anyone (over a certain age) who it is who wears tennis shoes and a cardigan sweater and they will tell you, "Mister Rogers!"
Before Mister Rogers was Captain Kangaroo who talked to the kids.
I go about gently pushing back conventional square box thinking, acting as if there is room for everyone on the dance floor of life.
Acting as if it's all good often forces others to look hard at themselves and think twice about what seniors should or shouldn't do.
There is a sense of "and you thought you had us all figured out."
Think again.
Since you mention Captain Kangaroo, I can't resist telling this little story even though it has nothing to do with today's post.
Many years ago, I produced a local TV show at WCBS-TV in New York. It was a live show and our studio was next door to the one where Captain Kangaroo taped his program.
One day, we're in the middle of the live show when I hear "clip-clop-clip-clop-clip-clop" coming closer and closer to where I was standing by the cameras.
Before I could even figure out what was going on, two beautiful, cute, little baby lambs scampered up onto the stage with the host and whoever the guest was. They had escaped from Captain Kangaroo's taping and somehow made it through the door to our studio.
No one ever could say how happened (those doors are heavy) and now, looking back, I wonder if someone did it on purpose just for fun.
Delightful, and you even prodded my brain into thinking. Yes, I made a big difference by helping create "Border Park." Yes, I think I made a bigger but quieter difference the years I worked for the AIDS Quilt. Now I wonder if what I do makes a big enough difference. (Selfcentered me.) Always we retool.
I can remember watching Mr. Rogers in Pittsburg in 1955 so you aren't too old at all.
Oh, how thrilling to see this whole blog and all the comments -
I had the privilege of being in a position to keep Fred Rogers on air, when our PBS station in LA, head of the buying combine, was not going to purchase 'The Neighborhood'. I wrote a very professional letter on our very professional stationary - FACT (Focusing Awareness on Children and Television - non-profit) and asked KCET who they were going to buy...so they changed their mind.....Fred and I became colleagues ... what a special guy he was, a friend and a pal. I miss him always and know clearly what his legacy has been....from hundreds of interviews I have done over the years.
Oh, Ronni, what a great, stimulating and wise post! And I thoroughly appreciate all the posts, too. I agree with Leonora that wanting to feel needed is a constant at any age. (Of course, actually being needed, full-time say, can be very stressful!)
I've saved this particular post, as I have certain others of yours, because I know that I will want to re-read it and reflect on it several more times.
You and your contributions are definitely needed as far as I'm concerned.
"all the comments".
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A Home Care Aide cover letter initiates your relationship with a future employer and lets you correspond in a gracious and personal manner that is usually not possible in a Home Care Aide Resume. The letter must be concise, well-mannered, and clear. Before writing your cover letter, be sure to carefully read the Home Care Aide job description so you can modify the letter accordingly. Never repeat the contents of your resume in the covering letter.
Use the following cover letter for Home Care Aide job in order to convince an employer why you're just right candidate and to influence him or her to select you for an interview.
Home Care Aide Cover Letter Sample
61 C. Example Street
Phoenix, AZ 32145
February 11, 2012
Ms. Diana Anderson
Senior Administrator
Hospice of the Valley
Phoenix, AZ 32145
Dear Ms. Anderson:
I am writing in response to your advertisement for the Home Care Aide position at Hospice of the Valley, as advertised in the Arizona Times. Having completed CNA certification and six months of externship, I have the ability to be of valuable asset to your organization.
I have extensive skills and experience in caring for people of different backgrounds in the patient's home as well as in a facility. I love dealing with clients of different ages and disabilities. I have the demonstrated ability to give individualized quality care to patients such as bathing, feeding, toileting, grooming and personal care, and able to build up personal connections that support both patient and relatives. My enclosed resume gives additional details about my qualifications and skills.
As a compassionate and enthusiastic Home Care Aide, I would welcome an opportunity to meet with you to discuss the position in detail. I am available to interview at your earliest convenience and will call you next week for follow-up. In the interim, you can reach me at [Contact #] or [Email].
Thank you for your time and consideration.
Jenny Peter
Enc. Resume