text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 8, 2007
|Filing date
|Jan 27, 2005
|Priority date
|Jan 27, 2004
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Volker Ziebart, Jean-Maurice Tellenbach
|Original Assignee
|Mettler-Toledo Ag
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (3), Classifications (9), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims benefit to European Priority Patent Application Serial Number 04 075 199.2, filed Jan. 27, 2004. This priority application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
1. Field
A strain gauge is disclosed which has a strain-sensitive electrical resistor track arranged on a carrier substrate and connector electrodes for contacting the resistor track, wherein the strain gauge is provided with a protective coating of inorganic materials. An array of strain gauges is also disclosed that are arranged in a row or over an area, wherein the strain gauges have a strain-sensitive electrical resistor track arranged on a carrier substrate and a coating of inorganic materials covering the resistor track and at least part of the carrier substrate. A force-measuring cell with a deformable body and with at least one strain gauge arranged on the deformable body is also disclosed, as is a method of producing a protective coating on a strain gauge or on single-row array or two-dimensional array of strain gauges, or on a force-measuring cell equipped with a strain gauge.
2. Background Information
A strain gauge has a metallic resistor track arranged on a carrier substrate which can be made in the shape of a meandering structure by a known chemical etching method. Also arranged on the carrier substrate are connector electrodes for contacting the resistor track. The connector electrodes are often made in one work operation together with the resistor track, and they consist therefore in most cases of the same material. Electrically insulating materials are used for the carrier substrates of strain gauges. Depending on the area of application, one finds carrier substrates of glass, ceramic materials, in many cases polymers, glass-fiber reinforced polymers, or composite materials. Strain gauges are measuring elements in which a mechanical deformation causes a change of the electrical resistance and which are therefore used for the measurement of the force that produces the deformation.
In the field of weighing technology, to name an example, a force acting on a deformable body causes a deformation which is converted into an electrical signal by means of strain gauges. In a force-measuring cell that functions according to this principle, a force caused by a load acting on the load receiver or—for example in a weighing application—acting on the weighing pan which is connected to the load receiver produces a displacement of the vertically movable load-receiving part in relation to the spatially fixed part of the deformable body. In an exemplary embodiment, the deformable bodies used in force-measuring cells have four elastic bending zones formed by thin material portions which are located at the four corners of a parallelogram, so that the load-receiving part is arranged as a vertically movable leg of the parallelogram opposite a fixed, likewise vertical parallelogram leg that is preferably fastened to a housing. The magnitude of the deformation that occurs in the thin bending zones is measured as an electrical resistance change by means of at least one strain gauge that is installed on one of the bending zones, in most cases by an electrically insulating adhesive layer.
Because of their elastic properties, polymer substrate materials are an exemplary choice for strain gauges used in the field of weighing technology, in particular polyimides, but also epoxides, phenolic resins, melamines and ketones. Polymer carrier substrates have the advantage of a lower rigidity, so that their shape can conform more easily to the deformable body. This reduces in particular the mechanical stress in the adhesive layer. Hysteresis effects or a destruction of the adhesive layer that can occur when a rigid substrate is bonded to a deformable body are found far less often with polymer substrates. Furthermore, polymer substrates of strain gauges with a meander-patterned resistor track offer the possibility of compensating a drift in the load signal through the known method of designing the return loops of the resistor track with an appropriately selected shape. Besides, strain gauges with polymer carrier substrates are easier to handle and more cost-effective to produce.
However, polymers have the disadvantage of a relatively high absorptiveness for water and also for solvents, so that the humidity of the ambient air surrounding the load cell, and more particularly a change in the relative humidity, has a lasting influence on the measuring result. For example the sensitivity, the stability of the zero point and the creep properties, the so-called load drift, are parameters that are influenced by water- and solvent-related moisture content in a force-measuring cell in which strain gauges are used as transducer elements. In measurements where the humidity of the ambient air surrounding a force-measuring cell was increased in one step from about 30% r.H. to 85% r.H. in the typical temperature range between 10� C. and 40� C., the change in this ambient parameter was found to cause a change in the weighing result of the order of some ten to a few hundred ppm (parts per million) of full span (full-load signal).
Some of the causes for the changes in the weighing results are understood and can be explained in physical terms. For one, the substrate material of an unprotected strain gauge absorbs the moisture and therefore swells up, whereby the distance of the resistor track from the bending zone is increased and the deformation that is imparted by the bending zone on the resistor track is changed by a small amount. As a second factor, the absorbed moisture changes the elastic properties of the substrate material and thereby changes the deformation parameters of the resistor track. As a third factor, an increased moisture content of the substrate material can cause leakage currents between neighboring parts of a meander-shaped resistor track or even between the resistor track and the metallic deformable body. While these effects are small in relation to the full-span signal, as shown by the aforementioned measurements, their influence on the measuring signal of a force-measuring cell that has to meet the highest accuracy requirements is nevertheless still unacceptably large. Protective devices and/or protective measures are therefore necessary in order to obtain a measuring signal that remains largely unaffected by conditions of the ambient environment, in particular by moisture acting on the substrate material and/or on the resistor track.
The known state of the art offers measures for the protection of strain gauges from moisture that causes a change in the measuring signal. For example DE 27 28 916 A1 describes the covering of a strain gauge installed on a measuring transducer. First, an electrically insulating layer is applied, for example a resin, or the strain gauge is embedded in this layer so that a part of the transducer body that surrounds the strain gauge is likewise covered. A metallic layer is arranged on top of the electrically insulating layer and likewise covers a part of the transducer body around the strain gauge. Thus, a strain gauge that is already installed on a transducer can be encapsulated against humidity.
A concept for protecting strain gauges against moisture is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,631,622, where an electrically insulating polymer coating is applied to the strain gauges and a metal foil is laminated onto the coating as an additional covering after a quantity of strain gauges have been produced in the form of an array on a sheet and before the sheet has been cut apart into the individual strain gauges. After the separating step, the metal foil still provides a large-area protective covering against humidity for each individual strain gauge.
For protecting a strain gauge against corrosion and to improve the measuring properties, it is proposed in JP 7 113 697 A to stop moisture from entering by applying a thin inorganic film, for example SiO2 with a thickness of about 100 nanometers (nm), to the surface of the strain gauge as a barrier against moisture penetration. Subsequently, an inorganic insulating film, for example polyimide with a thickness of about 10 micrometers (μm) is applied which serves to plug microscopically small holes or breaks in the inorganic film, so-called pinholes, through which moisture could still penetrate. The protection achieved by this dual-layer covering is not always satisfactory, in particular in highly sensitive force-measuring cells that are designed for relatively small loads.
A force transducer with strain gauges is disclosed in DE 40 15 666 C2, wherein a vapor-deposited diffusion-tight electrically insulating coating of silicon oxide or silicon carbide, preferably two to four micrometers thick, is applied to a strain gauge and the adjacent portion of the carrier substrate. Another embodiment can also have a coating of a silicon oxide layer as a base which is overlaid with a metallic layer, such as a layer of nickel.
The solutions of the foregoing description suffer from the problem that the protective coatings or protective foils which form a blanket cover over the strain gauge, in particular the inorganic coatings or foils with a strong barrier effect, have a comparatively large mass and a high degree of stiffness so that they, too, cause a change in the measuring result produced by the strain gauge. This problem exists regardless of whether the protective coverings are applied directly to the strain gauge that is already installed on the measuring transducer or whether a covering is applied to a large number of strain gauges that have been produced together on one sheet. The measurement errors are caused by so-called bypass forces that are caused by overlaying the strain gauge with a relatively thick coating or foil of the order of several microns as disclosed in the state-of-the-art references. Metal coverings or foils in particular, because of their comparatively high stiffness even if they are only a few microns (μm) thick, contribute measurably to a force bypass. A force bypass occurs for example as a result of thick inorganic protective coatings as they have a high stiffness of their own and thus contribute significantly to the overall stiffness of the aforementioned bending zones of the deformable body. This problem is particularly pronounced in force-measuring cells for the measurement of small forces, because the bending zones are in this case very thin in order to provide a high sensitivity. Consequently, undesirable changes of the elastic properties of the protective covering, such as for example an elastic after-effect (also known as creep), a high inelastic component, in particular a strain hysteresis, cause a measurement error that is not reproducible and therefore not amenable to software-based compensation techniques.
On the other hand, there is no question that passages for moisture that can occur particularly in very thin moisture barrier coverings—microscopically small pores or breaks that are also referred to as pinholes—as described in JP 7 113 697 A, need to be prevented or that at least their effects need to be reduced to the largest extent possible.
The disclosures of all of the aforementioned documents are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
A strain gauge is disclosed that is or can be installed on a deformable body of a force-measuring cell, wherein a protective coating is provided which on the one hand prevents moisture from entering and on the other hand avoids or at least significantly reduces bypass forces.
A strain gauge which has a strain-sensitive electrical resistor track arranged on a carrier substrate and connector electrodes for contacting the resistor track is provided with a protective coating including, or consisting of, inorganic materials covering at least part of the carrier substrate and/or of the resistor track and/or of the connector electrodes. The build-up structure of the protective coating over the range of the coating thickness is inhomogeneous, and between the strain gauge and the protective coating there is a surface-smoothing polymer layer, which evens out rough surface portions of the area to be coated. The layer thickness of the surface-smoothing layer is at least equal to the thickness of the protective coating.
The excellent barrier properties that are found in the inorganic materials are exploited and, by using very thin barrier coatings, a reduction of the very high stiffness associated with the thick inorganic coatings that are known from the existing state of the art is achieved. In order to avoid the aforementioned bypass forces, a coating thickness is selected primarily in the sub-micron range, because the inorganic materials, as is commonly known, have a modulus of elasticity that is larger by a factor of 10 to 100 than the elastic modulus of polymer materials of the kind that are used, e.g., for the carrier substrate. With a low thickness, it is possible to reduce the stiffness of the protective layer which, as is commonly known, depends on the elastic modulus of a material and on the thickness of a coating made of the material.
This constraint on the thickness is not applicable to the same extent for the underlying surface-smoothing layer which is arranged under the protective coating and which includes, or consists of, an electrical insulating polymer and in particular of an acrylate polymer or an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer. (The latter materials are described in DE 38 28 098 A1 and DE 43 03 570 A1, both of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties). The surface-smoothing layer performs the function of evening out the rough areas of the surfaces of the carrier substrate and the resistor track as well as rounding the edges and reducing the flank steepness of the resistor track. Since the elastically soft polymer layers contribute less to a force bypass than would be the case for an inorganic protective coating of the same thickness, there is no problem in selecting a larger thickness for the underlying surface-smoothing layer than for the protective coating. In the interest of an economical use of materials, the thickness of the surface smoothing layer can however be limited to an amount that is consistent with achieving a desired degree of flatness. However, the layer thickness at which the desired flattening effect is achieved differs depending on the polymer material being used. A layer thickness between one and three microns will as a rule yield satisfactory results, but in special cases the layer thickness can also lie in the sub-micron range. Lastly, the thickness of the surface-smoothing layer also depends on the protective coating that is to be deposited on it. Particularly for strain gauges that are to be used in load cells of high sensitivity for a low load range, the overall thickness of the protective coating should be in the sub-micron range.
In addition to smoothing out the underlying base surfaces in particular with regard to rough areas in the surface of the strain gauge, the surface-smoothing polymer layer, specifically the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer has proven to be adhesion-enhancing in regard to the following layers, so that no delamination of the protective coating occurs. Furthermore, the surface-smoothing layer, for example a layer of an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer, is easy to apply, for example with brushes, rollers, by spraying, or by means of a tampon-printing method. The same can also be said for an acrylate polymer layer.
The composition of the surface-smoothing polymer layer can be homogenous over the range of the layer thickness.
It is an exemplary property of the protective coating, specifically of individual layers of the latter, that the coating in the process of being deposited, particularly by PECVD (plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition), grows in a conformal way on the underlying surface, i.e., as a so-called conformal coating. This means that the surface receives a coverage of substantially constant thickness, independent of the angles at which individual surface locations are oriented in relation to the overall orientation of the deposition surface (plane of deposition). In other words, even overhanging portions or portions that substantially extend at a right angle to the deposition plane, for example the lateral flanks of the resistor track, are covered by the protective coating. In combination with the surface-smoothing polymer layer as an underlying base, an optimum of protection is achieved against the penetration of moisture. The polymer layer used as an undercoating under the protective coating has the effect of smoothing rough surface areas and rounding out edges where an inorganic protective coating has a particular tendency to develop the aforementioned micro-pores or micro-breaks, or hairline breaks that occur as a result of locally concentrated stresses, particularly thermal stresses, and where also on the other hand a tendency exists for micro-pores or micro-breaks to attach themselves. Thus, the occurrence of micro-pores or micro-fractures in the protective coating is a priori reduced, and while the edges still have a degree of steepness, they are not excluded from coverage by the protective coating, due to the conformance of coating to the underlying surface. Thus, the surface area of the strain gauge is covered completely and uniformly by the protective coating, and there are no weak spots where moisture could enter. In addition to the aforementioned complete coverage of the resistor track, the absence of weak spots is also of advantage in cases where the strain gauge is applied to a force-measuring cell and subsequently coated, or in a single-row array or a two-dimensional array of strain gauges in which the border surfaces of the carrier substrate are already substantially exposed by slits which were cut in the array to allow the border surfaces to be covered in the coating process.
An increase in the thickness of an inorganic protective coating does not necessarily result in an increased barrier effect against the penetration of moisture, which in the context of the invention should generally be understood as a protective effect not only against the entry of water but also against solvents and/or gases. Once micro-pores or micro-fractures are open, they have a tendency to propagate themselves through the entire thickness of a predominantly homogeneous inorganic coating.
It is therefore a useful and sensible practice to provide the protective layer with an inhomogeneous configuration. With a suitable selection of the materials that are to be combined in an inhomogeneous arrangement in the protective coating, and most of all through a suitable variation of the coating parameters, the open channels in the form of micro-pores or micro-fractures can be closed.
In a particular embodiment, the protective coating is a multilayered coating with an alternating sequence of layers of different inorganic materials, and/or an alternating sequence of different stoichiometric compositions of an inorganic material comprising, or consisting of, at least two components, and/or an alternating sequence of variations in structural parameters of an inorganic material.
The protective coating can in particular be configured with a sequence of silicon oxide layers and silicon nitride layers. Protective coatings of this type are disclosed in WO 03/050894 as a means for covering electronic devices, in particular indicating devices such as light-emitting devices or liquid crystal displays.
In another exemplary embodiment, a protective layer is configured with a continuous variation of one or more parameters, including in particular the chemical composition of the coating material, over the range of the coating thickness.
This continuous variation can occur on the one hand in multilayered coatings as a soft transition between the individual layers, i.e., the coating parameters are not changing abruptly, but their profile is a continuous periodic function, rather resembling a sine function. On the other hand, the inhomogeneity can occur in a continuous transition over the entire thickness of the coating, as a gradient of one or more of the coating material parameters. This version of a continuous variation is, for example, advantageous for producing extremely thin protective coatings that are used on strain gauges for force-measuring devices of high sensitivity and a low load capacity.
In a method that can be given as an example for producing a coating with at least one continuously varying parameter, the source changes its material composition during the deposition process, or the coating is deposited from two sources whose deposition rates vary, i.e., the rate from one source increases as a function of time while the rate from the other source decreases, and/or vice versa.
An advantage of an inhomogeneous protective coating with a continuous variation of one or more parameters, whether the continuous variation has the form of a gradient or of continuous transitions between the layers of a multilayered coating, lies in a further reduction of internal stresses which could otherwise occur if layers with strongly different parameters followed each other abruptly in a multilayered coating, where the risk of a delamination of individual layers would not in all cases be excluded.
Accordingly, an advantage of a protective coating with a continuous variation of a parameter lies in a reduced risk of delamination. In contrast, an advantage of a multilayered coating with abrupt transitions between the layers lies in the fact that if a first layer, e.g., a barrier layer, is followed immediately by a second layer, e.g., an intermediate layer, with parameters different from the first layer, the micro-pores and micro-breaks of the first layer are almost completely covered, whereby an improved barrier effect is achieved.
In this context, it should be pointed out that the inorganic protective layers are deposited at relatively low temperatures, between about 80� C. and 130� C., for example by means of chemical vapor deposition, for example PECVD (plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition), because the carrier material of the strain gauge as well as the surface-smoothing layer can be affected as little as possible. As a consequence, the structure of these protective coatings can deviate from a strict crystallinity and in particular with inorganic insulating materials, the protective coating grows in an amorphous form.
To describe the way in which a strain gauge according to an exemplary embodiment is used, a force-measuring cell with a deformable body has at least one strain gauge installed on the deformable body, with a strain-sensitive electrical resistor arranged on a carrier substrate of the strain gauge. As a protective measure against the penetration of moisture, a part of the protective coating and of the surface-smoothing polymer undercoating layer extend beyond the at least one strain gauge and covers at least a part of the deformable body, in particular the surface portions of the deformable body that border on the strain gauge. The protective coating is built up inhomogeneously over the range of its thickness. The surface-smoothing polymer layer includes, or consists in particular of, an acrylate polymer or an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer. The layer thickness of this surface-smoothing layer can match at least the thickness of the inhomogeneous inorganic protective layer.
In an advantageous embodiment, the strain gauge with an inhomogeneous inorganic protective coating and an underlying surface-smoothing polymer layer is covered with a cover layer of a polymer material or of silicone on top of the inorganic protective coating. Since silicone is especially soft, it does not present a problem in regard to the force bypass that has been discussed hereinabove.
In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a method of producing a protective coating on an individual strain gauge or on a single-row array or two-dimensional array of strain gauges includes the steps of depositing a surface-smoothing polymer layer on at least a part of the carrier substrate and/or the resistor track and/or the connector electrodes, and depositing a thin inorganic protective coating on the surface-smoothing polymer layer, wherein the deposition process parameters are varied in such a way that an inorganic protective coating is formed which is inhomogeneous over the coating thickness.
The tampon-printing process is an exemplary method of applying the surface-smoothing polymer layer. The protective coating is advantageously produced by the method of chemical vapor deposition (CVD), in particular plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD).
In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the surface of the strain gauge and/or the surface-smoothing polymer layer is pretreated prior to the deposition process by means of chemical or physical cleaning methods, in particular by means of plasma cleaning methods.
In accordance with exemplary embodiments, a method of producing a protective coating on a force-measuring cell with a deformable body on which at least one strain gauge is installed includes the steps of depositing a surface-smoothing polymer layer on at least a part of the carrier substrate and/or the resistor track and on the deformable body, and depositing a thin inorganic protective coating on the polymer layer, wherein the deposition process parameters are varied in such a way that an inorganic protective coating is formed which is inhomogeneous over the coating thickness.
This kind of coating process of a strain gauge can be performed by the aforementioned methods, such as on a strain gauge that is already installed on the force measuring cell.
The invention will be explained hereinafter in further detail with reference to the drawings which are of a strongly schematic character, wherein:
The multilayered coating is underlaid with a surface-smoothing layer 3 of a polymer, for example an acrylate or methacrylate polymer layer. A layer 3 of this type smoothes the surface of the strain gauge 1, particularly in the area of the edges, for example at the edges of the resistor track 4, whereby the steepness of their flanks is reduced. Furthermore, the undercoating layer 3 covers irregularities of the surface or even faults or contaminating particles, be it on the resistor track 4 or the carrier substrate 5, and smoothes them over. The surface-smoothing polymer layer 3 reduces in particular the probability that micro-pores or hairline breaks will either originate or continue in an inorganic protective coating 2 that is deposited on top of the surface-smoothing layer 3. As a result, the conditions are favorable for a multilayered inorganic protective coating 2 with good sealing properties to be formed on the surface-smoothing layer 3.
Another class of materials that can be used for the surface-smoothing polymer layer 3 are the inorganic-organic hybrid polymers, for example with the trade name "ORMOCER". These materials which are described in DE 38 28 098 A1 and DE 43 03 570 A1, both of which disclosures are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties, have a good elasticity and even a certain barrier effect against moisture penetration. However, the barrier effect is not effective enough for these materials to be suitable as a protective coating for strain gauges, especially strain gauges for force-measuring devices. The inorganic-organic hybrid polymers materials have the special advantage that they can be applied in an air atmosphere, for example by spraying, centrifugation, or a tampon-print method.
In order to obtain on the one hand enough of a flattening and smoothing effect while on the other hand avoiding an associated—albeit small—force bypass as much as possible, it is advantageous to apply the surface-smoothing polymer layer 3 with a layer thickness of about one to three microns, where at last the layer thickness depends on the materials being used and thus can also be in the submicron range in individual cases. In order to achieve a sufficient smoothing effect, however, the thickness of the surface-smoothing polymer layer 3 will at least match the overall thickness of the protective coating 2. The material composition of the surface-smoothing polymer layer 3 can be homogeneous over the layer thickness.
Exemplary materials for the layers 6, 7 of the multilayered protective coating 2—if the layers 6, 7 consist of different inorganic materials—are inorganic insulating materials, for example a sequence of thin layers of silicon nitride and silicon oxide, wherein the sequence of 100 to 200 nm of silicon nitride (first layer 6), 100 nm of silicon oxide (second layer 7), 100 nm of silicon nitride (again first layer 6), an optional 100 nm of silicon oxide (another second layer 7), and an optional 100 nm of silicon nitride (another first layer 6) represents an exemplary arrangement, because the silicon nitride in particular is highly effective as a barrier against the penetration of moisture. The silicon oxide layer, although this material can likewise by credited with a barrier property, has the primary function within the multilayered coating to close off the possibly occurring micro-pores or hairline breaks in the silicon nitride layer. A multilayered coating 2 includes, or consists of, at least three layers, such as five layers, of inorganic materials.
The layers 6, 7 of the multilayered protective coating 2 can also be composed of an inorganic material including, or consisting of, at least two components, wherein the stoichiometric ratio of the components changes from one layer to the next. As an example of materials suitable for multilayered coatings 2 with an alternating sequence of layers 6, 7 of different stoichiometric composition, one could name silicon oxynitrides with the respective contents of oxide and nitride varying from one layer to the next.
The arrangement and the exemplary sequence of the individual layers in the multilayered coating 2 is illustrated in
A multilayered coating 2 can include, or consist of, a regular sequence of individual layers 6, 7, which may for example be of equal thickness, or the coating can consist of an irregular sequence of such layers. In the latter case, there is a larger variety of choices in regard to the materials that can be used: the layer thickness, the stoichiometry and/or the structure of the individual layers. An exemplary choice, however, includes, or consists of, a regular sequence of layers, in particular of silicon nitride alternating with silicon oxide as mentioned above, where the thickness of individual layers is about 100 nm and the overall thickness of the multilayered coating will, as a rule, not exceed one micron.
An example that can be named for the inhomogeneous material composition of a protective coating 12 with a gradient layer includes, or consists of, a silicon oxynitride layer deposited by means of PECVD, wherein a high proportion of nitride or even a zone of pure silicon nitride exists near the surface-smoothing layer. Proceeding through the thickness of the layer, the proportion of oxide increases at the expense of the nitride content until a zone of pure silicon oxide or at least a silicon oxynitride zone with a high proportion of oxide is reached near the boundary surface to the ambient space. The manufacturing process for a silicon oxynitride layer of this type will be explained hereinafter through an example.
A protective coating 12 with a continuous change in its structural parameters can be built up in a similar manner, as a structural adaptation goes in many cases together with a change in the composition. As another possible way to achieve a change of structural parameters over the layer thickness, for example the granularity of polycrystalline layers unless they grow up with an amorphous consistency, the deposition parameter can be varied, be it by varying the temperature of the source, of the substrate, of the deposition chamber as a whole, or the deposition rate.
In cases where harsh mechanical wear conditions are expected, it can be useful to overlay a protective coating 2, 12 that has multiple layers or a continuous variation of one or more parameters with a cover layer (not shown) which shields the protective coating 2, 12 against possible extraneous mechanical influences, for example in the form of scratches and at the same time stabilizes the protective coating 2, 12. Silicone has proven to be suitable for a cover layer of this kind. A silicone layer with a thickness of several microns presents no problem, because silicone is very soft and will therefore not contribute to a force bypass.
The material for the protective coatings 2, 12 can be selected from a multitude of the known inorganic insulating materials that can be applied by different deposition processes. Examples to be mentioned here are oxides, nitrides, fluorides, carbides, borides, or combinations thereof, in particular oxynitrides, or also ceramic mixtures. For example silicon oxide, titanium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride and titanium nitride have proven to be suitable materials. Layers of so-called "diamond-like carbon" can likewise be used as protective coatings 2, 12. Because of their excellent barrier properties it is particularly advantageous to use silicon nitride layers for the inorganic protective coatings and to alternate them with oxide layers, for example silicon oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, aluminum oxide, or layers of fluoride, for example titanium fluoride, or mixtures of these materials.
Other materials that could be used for the protective coatings 2, 12 also include in particular metals, for example silver, aluminum, gold, chromium, copper, nickel, titanium, as well as alloys, for example nickel-cobalt alloys, or intermetallic compounds, for example of aluminum and copper, of tungsten and copper, or of titanium and aluminum. However, there is a lower degree of preference of metallic layers as protective coatings because of the greater expense and complexity of the deposition processes. Also, the risk of a short-circuit connection to the resistor track cannot be completely excluded.
According to an exemplary embodiment, an inorganic protective coating, for example a multilayered coating 2 or a gradient coating 12 with a continuous variation of a parameter, can be applied to a strain gauge 1 after the production process of the strain gauges 1 has been completed but while they are still hanging together in a single-row array or a two-dimensional array. However, when the arrays are cut apart into individual strain gauges 1, the edge surfaces of the carrier foil in particular remain open and accessible to the penetration of moisture. Nevertheless, with the large surface ratio between the top side and the lateral edge surfaces of a strain gauge, the protection provided by the inorganic protective coating 2, 12 is still considerable. If a strain gauge 1 has to meet more stringent requirements, for example in a force-measuring cell of high sensitivity, one could also put an all-around coating on an individual strain gauge 1, whereby the edge surfaces of the carrier substrate 5 would be covered, at least with careful handling.
A possible way of applying a surface-smoothing layer 3 and an inorganic protective coating 2, 12 to at least a large part of the lateral edge surfaces of strain gauges 1 that hang together in a row or a two-dimensional array will now be described with reference to
The important point is to minimize the areas where the carrier substrate 31, 36 is tied together by the connecting portions 33, 37, i.e., to make the surface areas of the connecting portions 33, 37 on the one hand small enough to maximize the part of the edges of a strain gauge 1 that can be covered by the protective coating 2, 12 and on the other hand to ensure that the carrier substrate 31, 36 hangs together with sufficient strength so that the single-row array 30 or two-dimensional array 35 of strain gauges 1 can be safely handled. It has been shown that the measures just described are very effective in improving the resistance to moisture penetration in comparison to strain gauges in single-row and two-dimensional arrays made with the existing state of the art and that the sensitivity of a force-measuring cell equipped with strain gauges 1 according to exemplary embodiments is decisively improved.
The width of a slit 32, 34 can be appropriately selected so that on the one hand not too much substrate material is lost between the individual strain gauges 1 and on the other hand to ensure a sufficient coverage of the edge surfaces of a strain gauge 1 in the process of applying the coating materials. A width of about 0.5 mm can be given as a general guideline.
Prior to the start of the coating process, i.e., before applying the surface-smoothing layer 3, it is an exemplary practice to subject the carrier substrate 5 with the resistor track 4 of a strain gauge 1 to a cleaning process in which the surface is pretreated by means of chemical or physical cleaning methods, in particular a plasma-cleaning method. A cleaning process of this type can likewise be used on the surface-smoothing layer 3 after the latter has been deposited and before the inorganic protective coating 1, 12 is put in place.
In the embodiment shown in
As the coating is in this case applied to a strain gauge 1 that is already installed on the deformable body 21 of a force-measuring cell, a vapor deposition in an air atmosphere can be used as a particularly cost-effective coating technique. In a coating method of this kind which is known as combustion chemical vapor deposition (CCVD), the vapor of a substance that is, for example, in a dissolved state is heated in a gas flame, where the substance undergoes a chemical reaction before it settles on a substrate that is positioned near the flame. Other possible deposition methods that should be mentioned in this context include the technique of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) or the technique of plasma-induced chemical vapor deposition (PICVD).
The plasma deposition methods allow the deposition of surface-conforming coating layers, also referred to as conformal coating layers, because the plasma reaches all of the surface areas to be coated independent of their orientations within the deposition apparatus. With a suitable selection of the deposition process parameters, in particular the excitation frequency and its variation as a function of time, it is possible to produce protective coatings 2, 12 or layers 6, 7 of a multilayered coating 2 with a low incidence of stress, a fact that contributes to a reduced risk of delamination, in particular a delamination of individual layers 6, 7 in a multilayered coating 2.
Following is a more specific description of an example of a production process used for a protective coating 12 of silicon oxynitride. After the surface-smoothing layer 3 of an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer has been applied by means of a tampon-printing method, the strain gauge is put into an apparatus for the coating by means of PECVD with SiH2 diluted in N2, NH3 and N2O as process gases. The formation of nitride is promoted by the presence of the process gases SiH4 diluted in N2 and NH3. With a progressive increase in the inflow of N2O, silicon oxynitride is formed, whereupon the supply of NH3 is cut down while the inflow of is increased further.
By reversing this step und subsequently repeating the cycle, it is possible to either produce a multi-layered coating with soft transitions between the layers, while a procedure with an abrupt cut-off of the NH3 supply during a continuing undiminished inflow of N2O and vice versa allows the production of multilayered coatings with almost discontinuous transitions.
The strain gauges 1 that are provided with an inhomogeneous inorganic protective coating 2, 12 which is underlaid with a surface-smoothing layer 3 have been described and illustrated in exemplary embodiments. However, based on the teachings disclosed herein, those skilled in the pertinent art will be able to realize further embodiments.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restricted. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description and all changes that come within the meaning and range and equivalence thereof are intended to be embraced therein.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 12, 1943
|Nov 21, 1944
|Lockheed Aircraft Corp
|Strain gauge
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|Brewer Engineering Lab Inc
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|Jan 24, 1973
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|Grey Irving R
|Waterproof mechanically protected sensor package and method of installation
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|General Electric Company
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|Tokyo Electric Co.
|Load cell having thin film strain gauges
|May 24, 1990
|Oct 1, 1991
|Ishida Scales Mfg. Co., Ltd.
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|Endress Hauser Gmbh Co
|Method of stabilizing the surface properties of objects to be thermally treated in a vacuum
|Nov 2, 1993
|Apr 4, 1995
|Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh
|Foil strain gage and load cell with such a strain gage
|Feb 14, 1995
|May 20, 1997
|Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh
|Strain gage and measuring transducer and method of producing the same
|Feb 24, 1997
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|Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc.
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|Title not available
|Title not available
|Jul 22, 2003
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|Mettler-Toledo Gmbh
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|Citing Patent
|Filing date
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|Feb 10, 2011
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|U.S. Classification
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|Jan 27, 2005
Owner name: METTLER-TOLEDO GMBH, SWITZERLAND
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text:
Item: NWF535
90 Vcaps
Cholesterol Support is a dietary supplement specifically formulated to support your body's natural metabolism of cholesterol. In addition to this effective supplement, we recommend a diet low in saturated fats and regular aerobic exercise.
This product contains no salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, milk, egg, shellfish or preservatives.
Serving Size 3 Veg Capsules
Servings Per Container 30
|Amount Per Serving
|% Daily Value
|Total Carbohydrate
|1 g
|Dietary Fiber
|<1 g
|Vitamin C (from Ascorbyl Palmitate)
|12 mg
|Vitamin E (as d-alpha Tocopherol)
|Chromium (from Chromium Chelavite®)
|200 mcg
|Garlic (Allium sativum) (min. 9,500 ppm Allicin) (Bulb)
|300 mg
|Guar Gum (Cyamopsis tetragonolobus) (Seed)
|300 mg
|Guggul Extract (min. 2.5% Guggulsterones)(Gum Resin)
|220 mg
|Tocotrienol/Tocopherol Complex(from Red Palm Oil) (Tocomax™)
|35 mg
|Policosanol (from Sugar Cane)
|10 mg
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
† Daily Value not established.
Other ingredient: Cellulose Powder, Cellulose (capsule) and Silica.
SUGGESTED USAGE: As a dietary supplement, take 3 capsules 2 times daily, preferably with food.
Caution: For adults only. Consult physician if pregnant/nursing, taking medication (especially anti-coagulants, thyroid hormones, HRT or oral contraceptives), or have a medical condition. Keep out of reach of children.
Do Not Eat Freshness Packet. Keep in Bottle.
Store in a cool, dry place after opening.
Chelavite® is a registered trademark of Albion Labs; Tocomax™ is a trademark of Carotech Inc.
.19 lbs
"With my personal 100% money-back satisfaction guarantee, you have nothing to lose and great savings to gain."
Lee Swanson, Founder of Swanson Health Products
If you are dissatisfied for any reason, we'll give you a full refund and pay return shipping.
We are dedicated to offering the highest quality products at the best price. Find out more about how we ensure such a high standard in everything we do.Learn More

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Share Photo
In this photo made Thursday, March 31, 2011, University of Maine engineering professor David Neivandt, left, and junior bioengineering major Alex Caddell pose on an athletic field in Orono, Maine where they are testing a golf ball made using ground lobster shell. Neivandt says the golf balls are intended for use on cruise ships or at driving ranges that are on lakes or the ocean, where golfers would drive them into the water. (AP Photo/Robert F. Bukaty)


text:
CORAL GABLES, Fla. (AP) -- Former Miami Heat star Alonzo Mourning
is being sued over a weekend traffic crash that has raised
questions about whether he improperly left the scene.
The lawsuit seeking unspecified damages was filed on behalf of
21-year-old William Candelario, who suffered head injuries in the
rollover crash early Sunday near Miami Beach. Candelario says he
remembers little of what happened and his attorney says the lawsuit
is aimed at finding answers.
Mourning acknowledges he left the crash scene but then returned.
He says a crash involving Candelario's vehicle and another had
already occurred when he first arrived on the scene. Police say his
Porsche Panamera also struck the 21-year-old's car.
The 41-year-old Mourning calls the lawsuit unfortunate and says
he is cooperating with the Florida Highway Patrol investigation. No
charges have been filed.


text:
This is crazy, I know. For the sake of a funny joke on our website's name, we have decided to show the count of characters spaces included for all the published posts. Not for each post, but for the total.
At the moment, I have this :
global $wpdb;
$total_charcount = 0;
// Get all the posts
$result = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT post_content FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_status = 'publish'", OBJECT);
foreach($result as $post)
$total_charcount = $total_charcount + strlen(strip_tags($post->post_content));
echo '
Caractères espaces comprises :' .$total_charcount. '
';
But... It's showing a weird count. At the moment, the website is in construction, so I only have 4 posts published on it, mainly to test it, so it's not more than one sentence for each post, and often it's just a word.
My characters spaces included count is at 3800. So I'm wondering... Where do all these characters come from? No way I have 3800 just by writing "testing website" in a post...
I've tried with a plugin to get the number of words, I got 29, which is a bit more like it.
What is wrong with my function?


text:
Showing 1-96 of 127 items found in Outdoors & Play
- Sort by:
It's time to kick back and relax. They have great food and drinks, plus Lake Michigan on their doorstep. How could it get any better? Oh yeah, live music acts and festivals constantly throughout the summer, so you are never bored and always satisfied!
The Legacy Walk is a dynamic outdoor LGBT history exhibit in the "Lakeview" neighborhood of Chicago. Presently, along the half mile of the North Halsted Street Corridor, between Belmont Avenue and Grace Street, ten (10) pairs of 25'-tall decorative "Rainbow Pylons" define the nexus of Chicago's LGBT community. Affixed to the pylons are a series of bronze memorial plaques commemorating the life and work of notable lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender individuals whose achievements have helped shape the world
Along with 18 superbly conditioned holes of golf, The Sanctuary has an excellent grass practice range, short game area, putting green, full service golf shop with PGA Professional Bob Schulz. The Bunker Grill has great food and beverage offerings. For those who want a challenging golfing experience at a great price, there are few better choices than The Sanctuary, anywhere! Book your tee-time now at 815- 462-GOLF (4653) or book on-line.
CITY:New Lenox
Offering helicopter tours of the Chicago skyline and private helicopter charters. Arrive at our own private downtown heliport just minutes from the heart of the city. Once you are checked in at the heliport you will explore and learn about Chicago's rich history in our 6,000sqft Customer Experience Center. Your flight will depart at your scheduled time and take you on an epic journey with unparalleled views of the city.
Little Beans is a family café and imaginative indoor playground for kids. Their café boasts a delicious assortment of coffee drinks and snacks where parents can enjoy the ambiance of our comfortable café with their tiny tots. At Little Beans, kids have the freedom to play, learn, imagine and create in their custom interactive indoor village and playground. They are truly a destination that is fun for the whole family.
Located in Lockport, IL, just 40 miles southwest of Chicago's Loop, Broken Arrow features 27 holes of Championship Golf, Driving Range, and Banquet Venue. Broken Arrow utilizes the "Prolink" GPS System by GPS Industries on its entire fleet of Club Car Golf Carts. These large and easy to use systems act as "virtual caddies" designed to give you all the information you need. At a glance, golfers can see the entire hole, hazards, bunkers, and rough areas. This system also allows the golf shop to issue weather warnings and other messages to golfers. The clubhouse features a full service golf shop, snack bar, locker rooms, restaurant, and banquet room. Accommodating up to 250 guest events, the Banquet Room is perfect for making your dream event a reality! With 27 holes of Championship Golf, Restaurant, and Banquet Venue, Broken Arrow has plenty to offer.
The Friends of the Indian Boundary Prairies
Located only 26 miles southwest of Chicago. Over 200 acres of pristine Illinois native prairie, much like the area was pre-settlement. Wildflowers, birds, butterflies abound! Prairie slide shows and tours available with advanced notice.
The Lan-Oak Park District manages 23 park sites, the Eisenhower Fitness & Community Center and the Pennsy Greenway (Bike Trail) which is part of the 475-mile Grand Illinois Trail.
Hollywood Park Family Fun Center
Hollywood Speedway go-kart track, arcade games, indoor bumper cars, indoor laser maze, rock wall, Hollywood Memorabilia and Cafe-Pizzeria. Hollywood Fun Park specializes in parties and group outings and is open year round.
Tinley Junction Miniature Golf and Batting Cages
Are you a mini golf pro? Bring the family to Tinley Junction, an 18-hole miniature golf course with a garden railroad theme. All Aboard!
CITY:Tinley Park
Enjoy a day in the country while learning about wildlife through nature displays and exhibits.
CITY:Park Forest
Riegel Farm & Conservation Center
Riegel Farm has a very diverse group of animal residents. We have exotic birds and reptiles such as an alligator and snakes. Birthday parties, group tours, pony rides and hayrides.
CITY:University Park
The park is named for Potter Palmer (1826–1902), a successful businessman and real estate investor concerned with the development of Chicago. Palmer was responsible for reclaiming the acres of swampland north of the city's business district, which were developed into the Lake Shore Drive area. He built the original baseball field for the Cubs' predecessor, the Chicago White Stockings, and built the Palmer House Hotel. Palmer Park was created in 1904 by the South Park Commission. Under the guidance of superintendent J. Frank Foster, the commission opened ten new neighborhood parks, including Palmer Park, in an effort to create breathing space and recreational areas in the city's crowded tenement districts. These parks were built by Olmsted Brothers landscape architects and D.H. Burnham and Co. architects.
Open public skating. Skate rental and concessions.
A full-service reliever airport, we provide the national aviation community access to the southern suburbs. The airport has two hard-surface runways: Runway 18-36 is 4002' and Runway 9-27 is 3395'.
Come sailing in Chicago aboard Tall Ship Red Witch! She is Chicago's beautiful authentic wooden sailboat, offering a unique sailing experience with their Chicago charters and skyline tours, day sails and Chicago fireworks cruises. They're the perfect venue for your company outing or small wedding. Welcome aboard!
KidsWork is an interactive educational experience for ages 0-8. Two floors of exhibits including a theater, art room, tot spot, pet vet, dino dig and more! Visit the KidsWork website for events, programming and new exhibits!
RV, camper and car parking during major races at Chicagoland speedway and at Rte. 66 Raceway.
Twelve-acre RV resort. Good Sam club.
Every year for the holidays, the Chicago Transit Authority decorates one of its trains, inside and out, with twinkling lights and festive decorations. As the holiday train pulls into each station, Santa waves to boarding passengers from his sleigh on an open-air flatcar while elves serenade riders between stops.
Irons Oaks Enviromental Center
Call for details
CITY:Olympia Fields
Overnight and long-term RV parking.
Odyssey Fun World - Tinley Park
Visit our website for discounts and packages. Games, Laser Tag, Batting Cages, Soft Playland, Go-Karts, Bumper Boats, Inflatable Park & more!
CITY:Tinley Park
Wolfe Wildlife Refuge & Bike Path
Explore the natural beauty and animal habitats of this 45-acre wetlands preserve. Nature programs for all ages include bird surveys, seed collections, planting, clean-ups and hiking.
CITY:Oak Lawn
This environmental education and cross country ski center is dedicated to educating the public while protecting and restoring our natural environment.
Columbia Woods Forest Preserve
A River Thru History
CITY:Willow Springs
With three locations in the Chicagoland area, Uncle Dan's specializes in outdoor equipment and clothing for any adventure. They carry a wide selection of equipment for camping, backpacking, hiking and travel. Every staff member is trained and committed to providing top-notch service and gear that supports a progressive & active lifestyle. At Uncle Dan's, you talk to people who love the outdoors. With the experience and knowledge to answer all your adventure questions and providing you the gear needed for your excursion, no matter where adventure takes you.
Volz Fieldhouse- Dellwood Park
If you're looking for a challenging and scenic Chicago area golf course, then Water's Edge is for you. Designed by Rick Robbins and PGA Consultant Gary Koch, this golf course is 18 holes of championship golf that is as challenging as it is scenic. Robbins is known for designing playable courses and Water's Edge is no exception. Measuring 6904 yards from the back tees and 5332 yards from the forward tees, golfers of every skill level will enjoy a day at Water's Edge. And with lush natural grasses, protected wetlands and dense forest golfers will remember this upscale, par 72 as one of the most beautiful courses in the Chicagoland area.
William W. Powers Conservation Area
Offering fishing, waterfowl hunting, picnicking, and winter sports. At the center of its attraction is Wolf Lake, segmented by dikes and offering six miles of shoreline to bank anglers.
Hinsdale Parks & Recreation Department
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Over 600 programs are offered by the Hinsdale Parks & Rec Dept. annually. The year round activities are designed to meet the leisure interests of residents and visitors. Community special events and outdoor summer concerts are also organized annually.
Experience life down on the farm during guided family tours, or take a hike on the peaceful nature trail.
CITY:Palos Park
The Millennium Reserve stretches from downtown Chicago to the Indiana border and suburban Park Forest. It encompasses numerous neighborhoods, the Southeast lakefront, and 37 South suburban municipalities. In aggregate, the Reserve includes a collection of over 15,000 acres of open space such as trails, wetlands, and forest preserves; Making it ideal for runners, bikers and kayakers alike.
Forest Preserve District of Cook County's Camp Sagawau is an environmental education center established to promote the study of nature. Call for program schedule.
Little Red Schoolhouse Nature Center
Nature center with 3 miles of walking/hiking trails through woodland, wetland, and prairie. Exhibit building displays local wildlife. Educational activities year round.
CITY:Willow Springs
This center features local natural history exhibits, hands-on displays for children, and family programs that are offered throughout the year. Picnic facilities and camping are available by reservation.
Inwood Park is located southwest of Provena Saint Joseph Medical Center. The park has tennis courts, fitness trails, a playground and picnic area. Horseshoes and bocce ball are also on the grounds.
The North Branch Trail stretches from Chicago to the northern suburbs. Starting at the Bunker Hill Forest Preserve it twists through 15 miles of small bluffs, ponds, prairie, open grassy parkways and quaint little streams that trickle into the Chicago River. Paved with asphalt, The North Branch Trail makes for an easy to medium level of difficulty.
Owned and operated by the Forest Preserve District of Cook County, Sand Ridge Nature Center emphasizes the natural history of the Calumet region.
CITY:South Holland
Welcome to Chicago Southland's Best Conditioned Golf Course. Deer Creek Golf Club is rated 3 1/2 Stars by Golf Digest Magazine and is continually voted as one of Chicago's places to play. Deer Creek is a beautifully manicured Championship golf course with bent grass greens, 7 lakes and 55 sand bunkers. Throughout the course you will find aesthetically pleasing naturalized areas, which include a wide variety of wildflowers.
CITY:University Park
Just 30 minutes from downtown Chicago, Ruffled Feathers' aesthetic beauty is matched only by the genius layout. We are the only Pete and P.B. Dye designed golf course in Illinois and a must-play for any devoted golfer. Our championship caliber, well-conditioned golf course awaits your arrival with one of the finest sets of par 3's in the Midwest. Ruffled Feathers has 18 wonderful holes with tee sets for all skill levels and is your premier place to golf.
A 143-acre extreme sports park featuring paintball, mountain bike trails, skate park and monthly airsoft games. Available for open or private play year round. Visit www.cpxsports.com or call 815/726-2800 for more info.
Monee Reservoir features a 46-acre fishing lake and picnic pavilions. Concessions building offers boat rentals, bait, and snacks for sale.
Opened in 1921, Woodruff is a sporty course with hilly terrain and a clubhouse. The 18-hole "Woodruff" course at the Woodruff Golf Course facility in Joliet, Illinois features 5,424 yards of golf from the longest tees for a par of 68 . The course rating is 66.1 and it has a slope rating of 113 on Blue grass.
This 18-hole golf course is known for its hilly terrain, and features a bar and clubhouse.
Sited outdoors over some 300 acres, the 21-piece collection contains monumental works by many of the 20th century's most important sculptors, including Puryear, Nauman, Disuvero and Hunt.
CITY:University Park
Inwood offers a lighted range, pro shop and concessions. The front nine was renovated 1989, adding water on six of the nine holes. Inwood demands good course management, precise iron play, and a soft touch on its fast greens.
Come out and play with the Chicago Park District. Founded in 1934, the Chicago Park District is the largest municipal park manager in the nation and owner of more than 8,100 acres of green space. We invite you to take in a concert or a movie at one of our 580 parks.
Forest Preserve District of Will County
Biking and running trails, bird watching, camping, cross-country skiing, sledding, outdoor ice skating, canoeing and rafting and fishing. The district office provides all information on preserves and issues picnic permits.
Camp Sagawau Environmental Education Center
Environment Education Center - offers cross country skiing in the winter.
Butterprint Farm Pumpkin Patch
This historic 1857 farm offers hay ride trips to the pumpkin patch, rope making, puppet shows and much more family fun.
White Water Canyon Water Park is an affordable, wet and wild oasis just 30 minutes from downtown Chicago, perfect for the whole family!
CITY:Tinley Park
You'll find 32 bowling lanes, all equipped with bumpers for kids, cosmic bowling on weekends, a snack bar, lounge and a bowling pro shop that's open daily during the season.
CITY:Tinley Park
Say I Do at Brookfield Zoo! Imagine a breathtaking water fountain as the backdrop for your ceremony. Enjoy "Cocktails with the Animals" in one of our magnificent animal habitats. Savor an elegant dinner in one of our beautiful dinner venues. Let your Brookfield Zoo Consultant assist you to create the celebration of your dreams!
Irons Oaks Environmental Learning Center
The Irons Oaks Environmental Learning Center is a joint project of the Homewood-Flossmoor (HF Parks.com) and Olympia Fields (OF Parks.com) park districts. The near 40-acre nature preserve is home to a diversity of wildlife and habitat types. See beautiful woods, wildflowers, birds and furry friends along the way. There are trails along both sides of the park which is located at Vollmer and Western Avenues in Olympia Fields. Please be careful when crossing Vollmer Road. The Park is open to the public daily, sunrise to sunset
CITY:Olympia Fields
Cemetery Trail in Palos lives up to its name with narrow tracks that snake through dense foliage. A must ride for any thrill-seeking trekking enthusiast.
CITY:Willow Springs
Garfield Park Conservatory is one of the largest gardens under glass in the world. Opened in 1908, this landmark building was the vision of celebrated landscape architect Jens Jensen. The eight exhibit halls feature plants from around the world.
Little Red Schoolhouse Nature Center - Willow Springs
Forest preserve nature center designed to educate the public about the importance of wildlife and our environment.
CITY:Willow Springs
Lake Katherine Trail is a 3.2-mile trail of moderate difficulty, located near Palos Heights, Illinois. This 1.5-hour hike over wood chip, dirt and gravel roads is one of the best urban nature walk trails in the area. The Preserve features an attractive lake, an arboretum, a waterfall garden, an herb and conifer garden and expansive views from atop a ridge in the eastern section.
CITY:Palos Heights
Rent a bike and ride along the city's breathtaking Lakefront Trail with a guide from Bike Chicago, or pick up a free map and take your own self-guided tour. The section of the bike path that winds along North Avenue Beach is featured in the dramatic comedy The Break-Up.
The Flossmoor Sculpture Gardens is an outdoor arts program that places sculptures in the village square, along charming residental streets and in the Flossmoor Sculpture and Garden Park.
Billie Limacher Bicentennial Park
On historic Bluff Street along the waterway in downtown Joliet, this park features free summer concerts, lush grounds, outdoor bandshell and indoor theatre. Office hours: Monday - Thursday 8:00 am - 4:30 pm and Friday 8:00 am - 12:00 noon.
At Fleet Feet Sports Chicago you will find a welcoming environment and customer service that is the cornerstone of health and wellness in the community. Whether you walk, run, exercise or simply need advice and motivation to lead an active lifestyle, the experts at Fleet Feet Sports can help. The staff will work with you to evaluate your individual needs and natural bio mechanics to help select the products that offer the best fit and function for you. Commitment to the betterment of the health and well being of the community runs deep through Fleet Feet educational resources, fitness training and professionally organized award winning events.
Chicago's newest and largest cruise ship located at Navy Pier. Cruises are available for group and private charters along Chicago's lakefront for groups of 50 to 400 passengers.
Let Noble Horse make your day or evening special. See the city from a lovely antique horse carriage ride. Noble Horse Carriages are available at 2 locations: Michigan Avenue: 820 N. Michigan Avenue, the corner of Michigan Avenue and Chicago Avenue and Old Town: 1410 N. Orleans Street, the corner of Schiller and Orleans.
This beautiful Mediterranean Revival-style cultural center on the lakefront was once an exclusive 1900s country club, and now offers performances that range from classical music to African dance. The Obamas held their wedding reception here.
A 90-foot jet stream creates an arc across the Chicago River for ten minutes on the hour.
With locations throughout Illinois, REI is on the leading edge of outdoor adventure and stewardship in the environment. With name brand gear and a knowledgeable staff to help you gear up for whatever adventure you have in mind, you can rest assure the equipment and information you get is above par. From running, hiking, biking, paddling, climbing REI has everything you need to make the outdoors great again. REI's passion for the outdoors runs deep and it's their core purpose to inspire, educate and outfit people for a lifetime of outdoor adventure and stewardship.
MetroWalkz Self-Guided Walking Tours
Discover Chicago at your pace, on your schedule! Explore the city's most popular destinations with MetroWalkz Self-Guided Walking Tours. Designed specifically for your mobile device, each of our free, fun and informative tours contain easy-to-use maps and insider narratives, making sightseeing a breeze. Current tours include The Magnificent Mile, Loop Architecture, Millennium Park, Navy Pier, Museum Campus, Grant Park, Chinatown, Old Town, Gold Coast and the West Loop. Chicago is known as a city of neighborhoods, and it is best seen on foot. To take our FREE self-guided walking tours, just open your mobile browser and go to www.evisitorguide.com/chicago, then "Tours" > "MetroWalkz". To get the most out of your Chicago visit, use eVisitorGuide's other features including information on museums, attractions, dining, nightlife, shopping, theater and much more. With eVisitorGuide and MetroWalkz, everything you need to discover Chicago is in the palm of your hand!
Find open bowling every night, rock music, a light show and a restaurant.
Chicago River Canoe and Kayak has everything you need to enjoy the Chicago River; whether you're in the mood for a quick hour excursion or an afternoon getaway. Guided trips are available for all ability levels, including weekly trips through downtown Chicago, a sunset dinner trip at the Lagoons or a quieter trip down nearby streams.
Dedicated on February 12, 2009, Lincoln Landing is Lockport's newest attraction. This park, located on the original Public Landing platted as a dock area by Canal Commissioners in 1836, features a unique bronze statue of a young Abraham Lincoln created by artist David Ostro. Interpretive signage through the park highlights the history of the I&M Canal, its impact on the Lockport community, and Lincoln's connections to both. This open-air museum is self-guiding, but is enhanced by a website with school lesson plans.
An 18-hole championship course cut thru 10,000 oak trees, with water hazards on 9 of 18 holes, complete clubhouse bar and restaurant. Chicagoland Golf 5 Star rated facility.
For a whole new way to experience Chicago, get out on the water with Spirit of Chicago. Come aboard for a fun, energetic cruise experience you won't forget. You'll enjoy delicious food and drink, friendly service and great entertainment with Chicago's sparkling skyline as your backdrop. Join Spirit for a lunch, dinner or special event cruise, or consider Spirit for your next group event.
Ice Skating at the McCormick Tribune Ice Rink
The McCormick Tribune Ice Rink draws more than 100,000 skaters annually, is free and open to the public. Skate rental is available for $10. The ice rink is located on Michigan Avenue between Washington and Madison Streets.
Explore Chicago's lakefront, museums and parks on a three-hour Segway tour led by guides all year round. Steve's Segway Tours was started by a tour guide, is owned by a tour guide, and is managed by tour guides. Why is this so important? Because only a tour guide truly understands that great tour guides put their heart and soul into each tour.
Chicago's only Segway-authorized touring company has locations at Navy Pier and Michigan Avenue, plus certified tour docents who will ensure a memorable, safe experience.
Columbia Woods Forest Preserve
Offers places to fish and picnic. Canoe access. Biking. A host for "A River Thru History" each September, where you can step back 200 years into Chicago's past with a festive gathering of fur trappers, settlers, craftsmen, and entertains along the banks of the Des Plaines River - www.ariverthruhistory.com.
CITY:Willow Springs
Chicagoland's first guided Segway tour provides an informative ride with unique and fascinating Chicago stories, fantastic photo ops and the chance to ride the coolest machine in the world.
A major construction project continues at the former Daley Bicentennial Plaza site, now being transformed into the magnificent Lakefront recreation center, Maggie Daley Park. As part of a staggered opening, the ice skating ribbon and playground area is now open to the public, and the fieldhouse will be open for winter programs beginning January 5, 2015. Photo credit: ©Adam Alexander Photography, photo courtesy of Choose Chicago
Old Plank Road is a 21-mile recreation and nature trail used by in-line skaters, walkers, runners, bikers, bicyclists and even cross-country skiers in the winter. This trail reaches from Park Forest all the way to Joliet.
Railroad-themed, outdoor water park featuring a 6 person racing slide, body slides, tube slides, lazy river and zero depth pool.
Ten-acre horse farm offers hayrides and riding lessons, plus a petting zoo, exotic animals and even a monthly line dancing event.
Bird Haven Greenhouse and Conservatory
Lord and Burnham designed this historic greenhouse featuring a tropical house, cacti room, show house and outdoor gardens.
Chicago is calling! For the most fun dining cruise in the city, come aboard Mystic Blue. Feel the energy of Chicago with the skyline as your backdrop. You'll enjoy tasty food and drinks and music and dancing to make your lunch, dinner or special event cruise unforgettable.
WhirlyBall is a combination of basketball, lacrosse and bumper cars all rolled into one. WhirlyBall also features laser tag.
EagleRider Motorcycle Rentals and Tours
EagleRider is the largest motorcycle rental and tour company in the world. Rent a Harley Davidson for a day or a week and experience the open road!
Combined Lake and River Tour - Wendella Sightseeing Boats
The Combined Lake and River Tour offers a comprehensive overview of Chicago, with breathtaking views of the magnificent skyline and an up-close perspective from the Chicago River.
Cog Hill Golf and Country Club
The public is invited to play any of Cog Hill's four award-winning, 18-hole championship golf courses, including the world-famous Course #4, Dubsdread. Dubsdread was host to the PGA Tour's BMW Championship from 2009-2011.
The urban gateway to nature and science. The Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum is a place where city dwellers can reconnect with the wonder of the natural world. From a hands-on water lab to a wilderness walk to the only international, year-round butterfly haven, science comes alive.
Haunted Trails Family Entertainment Centers
Family entertainment center featuring hundreds of games, rides, award-winning miniature golf, Go Karts & Batting Cages, Restaurant/Party room featuring karaoke. October Haunted House (www.frightmarehauntedhouse.com). Birthday party and group packages available.
Step inside and be transported to another place and time! We invite you to take a journey to the Lincoln Park Conservatory where you will find tropical palms and ancient ferns right in the heart of Lincoln Park. Designed both to showcase exotic plants and grow the thousands of plants needed for use in the parks, the Conservatory offers visitors a tropical experience within its four display houses: Palm House, Fern Room, Orchid House and Show House, which is home to the annual flower shows. This historic facility continues to provide an escape to nature to the millions that live in and visit Chicago. No matter the time of year, Lincoln Park Conservatory is always green and lush. Come take a stroll and let yourself be transported away. Admission is free.
White Water Canyon Water Park is an affordable, wet and wild oasis just 30 minutes from downtown Chicago, perfect for the whole family!
CITY:Tinley Park
Mercury's Urban Adventure Cruise
Immerse yourself in Chicago's rich history with a live commentated, family-friendly 90-minute tour cruising the Chicago River and Lake Michigan aboard Mercury, Chicago's Skyline Cruiseline. Learn fun facts and hear fascinating tales as you cruise amongst the city's famous architectural giants. Capture incredible photos as only can be experienced from the unique vantage point of the Chicago River, and marvel at incredible skyline views from the expansive waters of Lake Michigan. Cruises depart daily, May through October.
Bobby's Bike Hike Chicago Tours
Tour Chicago on a cool cruiser-style bicycle and follow a guide who makes brief stops at the most popular sights, providing light-hearted commentary that will keep you entertained. Some fun rides include the Lakefront Neighborhoods Tour, Bikes, Bites and Brews Tour, and the Southside Gangster Tour.


text:
Discover a selection of top forums weasely chatterbox on the internet. Come to share your passion on forums weasely chatterbox and meet other fans of weasely chatterbox. Then, why don't you create your own forum of weasely chatterbox ?
The Church of the Divine and Venerated Saint Johnny Thunders, the Patron Saint of Rock 'N' Roll
johnny, thunders, york, dolls, board, jerry, nolan, walter, lure, waldo, billy, rath, richard, hell, waldos, city, heartbreakers, nigs


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Will Grand Junction residents vote on a measure to pay for a new public safety center this November? That's a question City Council will answer this week.
Wednesday night, council members will decide whether or not to move forward on a ballot measure that would increase the city sales tax from 2.75% to 3.00% with that money going to fund a new public safety center.
City officials say unlike the failed question on the 2008 ballot, any potential question on the ballot this year would not include a TABOR override piece.
They say if council member do vote to put the measure on the ballot, they will then choose one of five plans that detail what the project would include and how much it would cost. Those options range in total price from $53.8 million up to $78.5 million.


text:
"There are pitfalls there, some of which could be put there deliberately," said Johnson yesterday at Twickenham as England wrapped up a three day training camp.
"That's the world we live in. Some of it is the sort of things young guys get in any big city. We're going into hostile territory, staying in city centre locations, there are going to be distractions and potential areas in which they can get embroiled. So, they've got to be smart and they've got to look after each other."
Johnson had only just assumed the reins two years ago when England's tour to New Zealand was mired in allegations of rape and sordid behaviour.
The upshot was an aggressive investigation by Auckland police followed by an exhaustive RFU inquiry which resulted in a 7,000-word report as well as fines and reprimands for two players, Topsy Ojo and Mike Brown. Two others, scrum-half Danny Care and wing, David Strettle, were cleared of any wrong-doing. Both are on this trip.
Johnson, for all his strictures, neither expects nor wants his players to behave like monks. There will be no curfews although the England manager might be minded to instruct security not to ferry female outsiders into team hotels late at night in dedicated mini-bus taxis.
"I want them to enjoy being rugby players and part of that involves going out at the right time, in the right place and in the right way with teammates," said Johnson. "They're under a lot of pressure as it is.
"They've got to be trusted to enjoy themselves in much the same way as we trust them to play. They've got the responsibility of being an England player with them all the time."
Johnson will lay down more definite guidelines once the squad embarks for Australia the day after England's game against the Barbarians at Twickenham on May 30. England play tests in Perth (June 12) and Sydney a week later before a final midweek match in Napier against the Maori on June 23.
"We haven't decided yet exactly what we'll do, " said Johnson, who wasn't on that blighted tour in 2008 although he had a major input into selection." Whether we get one of the players who was there to talk about, we'll see."
One of the players who was on the trip but not caught up in the shenanigans was Bath centre, Olly Barkley, who returns to the England fold for the first time since then.
"The 2008 issues are behind us and there is now a code of conduct in place," said Barkley, itching to reclaim the no 12 jersey, an all-the-more plausible scenario in the absence of the injured Riki Flutey.
"We're all confident that we'll adhere to that. The big thing is not to compromise the squad. That's the last thing anyone wants to do on a tour about which we're all so positive."
The mood was indeed bullish at Twickenham yesterday, Johnson playing down suggestions that an on-going dispute about tour payments might undermine squad togetherness.
The Rugby Players' Association want an equal split of monies from one collective pot while the Rugby Football Union has proposed a two tier structure, with one payment for the elite test players and a lesser one for fringe players. The sides are some £70,000 apart in negotiations and the matter has now gone to binding arbitration. An outcome is expected this week or next. Johnson himself led the England players out on a 24-hour strike in 2000.
"It's a very different landscape now," said Johnson. "Contracts, and all that go with them, are part of a professional's every day life. They then leave that to one side and get on with playing rugby. I don't get massively involved. I just don't think it will be an issue."
Johnson reported a clean bill of health for his 44-man squad, a group missing the Leicester players involved in the Guinness Premiership final as well as Jonny Wilkinson who is preparing for Toulon's Amlin Challenge Cup final against Cardiff Blues in Marseille on Sunday.
Saracens director of rugby, Brendan Venter, a man never far removed from a spot of controversy, criticised Johnson last week for not picking any Saracens players. He also alleged that the England coaches had told him that his Saxons centre, Brad Barritt, had been overlooked for the senior squad because he was' too small.'
"None of us said that," Johnson stated yesterday." We've had good chats with Brendan. Any director of rugby wants to push his players."
England reconvene on Monday to prepare for the Barbarians game, not to mention whatever awaits them in Australasia. They are as wary of women with hidden recording wires as they are of Wallabies. Both will have mischief in mind.


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Duden Waterfalls
The Duden Waterfalls make a pleasant side trip from Antalya and its surrounding gardens are a popular picnic spot with locals.
The Duden river extends from the Taurus mountains all the way to the Mediterranean and creates two cascades know as the Upper and Lower Duden Waterfalls.
The Upper Duden waterfall is 15m (49ft) high and 20m (65ft) wide and set in a pretty valley. A natural cave has formed behind the falls and it is possible to sit here and watch the cascades. There are restaurants, boardwalks and picnic tables in the gardens immediately surrounding the falls to help you make the most of this scenic spot.
Practical Info
The Lower Duden waterfall spills into the sea and, while less impressive than the Upper Duden falls, it is possible to hire a boat in order to view them.
The Duden Waterfalls are 14km (8.5mi) northeast of Antalya.
Tours & Tickets
Antalya city tour with Duden Waterfall and Antalya Aquarium from Side
A trip to 1 of the biggest oceanarium in Europe and visiting the city of Antalya. Walk in the water tunnel full of sharks and other fish. See ... Read more
Location: Side, Turkey
Duration: 8 hours (approx.)
Antalya Aquarium with a Short City Tour and Visit to Lara Waterfall
Aquarium in Antalya with the Europe's longest underwater tunnel really worth your visit. The tour program includes also a short tour around Antalya city and ... Read more
Location: Alanya, Turkey
Duration: 8 hours (approx.)


text:
Nick Ballard wrote:
> I am trying to do some finishing touches on my Slackware (9.1) system.
> Everything has gone smoothly so far, but the implementation of GDM
> (126.96.36.199) has been a bit confusing. I am using GNOME and FluxBox, but
> when I load GDM there are links to about a dozen non-existing
> Xsessions that I can't seem to remove. I didn't see any usenet posts
> that mentioned this problem; and according to the documentation,
> everything is set up fine. I removed all of the unnecessary links
> from /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf, and GNOME is the only WM in
> /usr/share/xsessions.
> Is there something else I should be looking for?
You need to make sure to install any of the patches you need for
Slackware-9.1. GDM being one of them.
Confucius: He who play in root, eventually kill tree.
Registered with The Linux Counter. http://counter.li.org/
Slackware 9.1.0 Kernel 2.4.24 SMP i686 (GCC) 3.3.2
Uptime: 36 days, 11:01, 2 users, load average: 1.33, 1.24, 1.2


text:
ShareThis icons show correctly for posts and pages.
However in *Categories*, the icons display TWICE for each post.
How do I correct this so the icons only display *once* for each post in *categories*?
Thank you!
ShareThis icons show correctly for posts and pages.
However in *Categories*, the icons display TWICE for each post.
How do I correct this so the icons only display *once* for each post in *categories*?
Thank you!
In order to check the issue,we will need a url of your blog.
It would be great if you provide the link of your blog.
SharethisSupport Team
I am having the same issue as bloguser2012. At first I thought it might be related to the issue with buttons not showing up on individual posts due to the changes to Jetpack with Publicize and Media Sharing, but I have deactivated both of those modules and I still have doubled icons on my categories pages. For the time being I have reactivated the publicize module; however, if this needs to be deactivated for troubleshooting, please let me know.
For an example, see this page:
Hi Sir,
Sometimes the template being used for a wordpress blog results in some issues.
You can add the buttons manually to your wordpress blog .
Here are the steps:
Sharethis script and span tags go on the page where you want the buttons to appear and they also determine what kind of button appears as well as what URL and title it shares. You will have to put 'script tags' in your Main index template(index.php) and 'span tags' in Single Post template(single.php).
Here is the basic span for just the ShareThis button: <span class=""st_sharethis"" st_title='<?php the_title(); ?>' st_url='<?php the_permalink(); ?>' displayText=""ShareThis"">
You can change the class of the span to determine the button that appears. For example class=""st_twitter"" will make a twitter icon and class=""st_email_vcount"" will make a email vertical counter button.
However, adding code in index.php and single.php will not display sharethis buttons on the blog page but will show buttons whenever an individual post is opened.
If you wish to display sharethis buttons on the blog page ,you will have to put 'span tags' in (loop.php).
In loop.php,
1. put span tags just above the line "
" to display buttons at the end of each post on the blog page.

2. to display buttons at the beginning of each post on the blog page,put span tags just below the lines

" title="<?php printf( esc_attr__( 'Permalink to %s', 'twentyten' ), the_title_attribute( 'echo=0' ) ); ?>" rel="bookmark"><?php the_title(); ?>

<?php twentyten_posted_on(); ?>

<?php if ( is_archive() || is_search() ) : // Only display excerpts for archives and search. ?>
Hope this helps.
Sharethis Support Team
This topic has been closed to new replies.


text:
(28 avis de voyageurs)
Annoncé depuis le 15 avr. 2003
Langues parlées anglais, espagnol
CASA NORIA, (Los Pinos)
3-4 Bedrooms
Well-situated private south facing villa with sea views in a residential area. Accommodates a maximum of 8 people in 4 bedrooms however if your party is smaller we can also accommodate you. The villa has two bathrooms, lounge and separate kitchen and a very sunny "naya". All bedrooms have French doors, of which three lead onto patio area surrounding the private pool. The villa is detached and stands in its own secluded garden. Private drive with amble parking area.
Two bedrooms have double beds, bedside tables and fitted wardrobes.
One bedroom has two single divans bedside tables and fitted wardrobes
One bedroom has bunk beds and fitted wardrobes
Newly equipped, fully tiled kitchen with gas hob and electric oven, large fridge freezer and microwave, coffee machine, toaster. There is also a washing machine.
New refurbished and fully tiled bathrooms
Modern shower room with wash hand basin and toilet
Separate/shower room with wash hand basin and second toilet.
Comfortable large lounge three-piece suite coffee table, T.V. and Video. The villa is equipped with a book and video library. The lounge leads out on to the enclosed conservatory "naya" which over looks the pool area.
Enclosed glass room which has tables and chairs which leads on the pool area and which enjoys nice views.
New Private pool 8 metres by 4 metres.
Ample sunny terraces equipped with sun loungers, table and chairs for your comfort .
·Supermarkets, restaurants, bars within easy reach.
·Safe sandy beach, 5 minutes walk away.
·Calpe town centre, 5 minutes drive.
·Benidorm, Altea, Bennissa and Moraria all within easy drive
Calpe is on the south east coast of Spain between Valencia and Alicante, being about 15 miles north of Benidorm. It makes an ideal holiday centre for those seeking a beautiful relaxing resort, but with plenty to do and see. Calpe has two main very good safe sandy beaches. The two beaches are linked by a promenade approximately two miles long. Calpe has a wide choice of shops, and there is a large general open-air market on Saturday mornings. There are many restaurants, which offer a variety of international menus and are well known for their quality and reasonable prices. Benidorm is about 20 minutes ride away for those seeking a more sophisticated night out. There is a regular bus service to Benidorm, Alicante and Valencia and a narrow gauge railway, which gives a scenic ride along the coast between Alicante and Denia. Terra Mitica is a new theme park suitable or all age groups 20 minutes drive away.
Access to Calpe
By car only 4k, or 5 minutes walk to bus stop. Regular service to Calpe.
Calpe has two main sandy beaches, with promenade with plenty of bars, restaurants and beach shops.
|Aéroport :
|50 kilomètres
|Plage :
|600 mètres
|Golf :
|3 kilomètres
|Magasins :
|400 mètres
|1 semaine
|durée min.
|01 août 2016
|31 août 2016
|1 094 €935 £1 235 $
|1 semaine
|Frais de réservation :
|35 %
|Paiement du montant restant 6 semaines avant l'arrivée
|Caution remboursable :
|292,57 €250,00 £330,31 $
|Nettoyage final :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Animaux domestiques :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Draps et serviettes :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Lit pour enfant :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Chaise haute :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Électricité :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Eau :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Wi-Fi :
|Inclus dans le prix
|Modes de paiement acceptés :
|Paypal, Virement bancaire, En espèces à l'arrivée
|Remarques :
| .Fully inclusive third deposit on boooking, balance to be paid six weeks before departure
Easter, May and Christmas holidays please add 50pounds


text:
- Report: #364683
Report - Rebuttal - Arbitrate
Complaint Review: Iolo Technologies
Iolo Technologies7470 N. Figueroa St. Los Angeles, California U.S.A.
Iolo Technologies Poor, Evasive and Un-responsive Customer Service Los Angeles California
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Nick was rude and kept disregarding my questions. When I asked to speak with someone else, he refused and kept insisting that I go through him. He refused to give me his name or his supervisor's name or to put me through to his supervisor when I asked. Then he hung up on me probably thinking that he could get away with this poor treatment.
The next time I called back, I spoke with Victoria. Victoria helped me initially, and gave me her name, Nick's name and the name and extension of their supervisor, Steve, so that I could report Nick. However, instead of transferring me to the supervisor so that I could give him the feedback, she put me through to a general mailbox. Also, when I e-mailed Victoria back to the e-mail she sent me, she never responded.
Finally, I've tried to call Steve, the supervisor at ext 107 from Aug 8 till Aug 18 and he never returned my phone calls or left me an e-mail or v-mailed me back.
I eventually figured out the problem I had by myself, but I wouldn't advise purchasing products from Iolo Technologies unless you don't expect to use their customer service.
Also, Dell should know about these issues with Iolo. When purchasing PC Tune-up from the Dell website, it defaults to purchasing it from Iolo. BUYER BEWARE!!!
Dissatisfied in
Boston, Massachusetts
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 08/19/2008 04:18 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/r/Iolo-Technologies/Los-Angeles-California-90041/Iolo-Technologies-Poor-Evasive-and-Un-responsive-Customer-Service-Los-Angeles-California-364683. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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text:
Even though we ARE Nikon lovers,we are NOT affiliated with Nikon Corp. in any way.
Already have an account? Login
Seattle, US
953 posts
"RE: ViewNX2 Color Management Problem"
First off, I am a neophyte when it comes to PP apps. I use, and am still learning the capabilities of, VNX2, CNX2, and LR4 (and myself ). So, with that in mind I have a question. Is it possible that the difference between the displays of VNX2 and CNX2 is the assumption that VNX2 would display a finished jpg version and CNX2 a raw version with no processing applied?My thinking is that, as a freebie, unsophisticated version, VNX2 will display raw images processed and output as finished jpgs for doing initial reviewing and image management. CNX2, on the other hand, is a more capable app used on raw files for PP manual manipulation of the raw image. What you would see displayed is the raw state of the image before/during the PP.So what you would see on a side-by-side view of the images is a auto finished jpg and a unprocessed raw image. Differences would be more evident with the newer, higher resolution monitor than the old one. (I recently swapped out an old ViewSonic for a Dell U2410 and new video card to drive it. Big difference.) Anyway, that's my hypothesis and I'm sticking to it.. KenSeattle, WAMy Gallery


text:
Elijah Clark State Park
Lincolnton, GA 30817
706-359-3458 | 800-864-7275
Located on the western shore of 70,000-acre Clarks Hill Lake, this park is named for a frontiersman and Georgia war hero who led pioneers during the Revolutionary War. A renovated and furnished log cabin museum displays furniture, utensils and tools circa 1780 and is open for weekend tours April through November. Visitors can also view the graves of Clark and his wife, Hannah. Anglers and boaters will enjoy the park's location on the largest man-made lake east of the Mississippi River. Cottages are located on the lakes edge, and the spacious campground is nestled into the forest.
Info & Amenities
Hours of Operation
Sunday: 7:00AM - 10:00PM
Monday: 7:00AM - 10:00PM
Tuesday: 7:00AM - 10:00PM
Wednesday: 7:00AM - 10:00PM
Thursday: 7:00AM - 10:00PM
Friday: 7:00AM - 10:00PM
Saturday: 7:00AM - 10:00PM
Admission & Fees
Daily ParkPass $5.00
Nature Trails
Facility Amenities
Lodging On Site, Picnic Area, Picnic Shelter, Public Restrooms
General Information
Group Amenities
Suitable for Ages
All Ages
Archery for Beginners
09/03/2016 - 10/22/2016
Haven't shot an arrow yet? Would you like to learn and sharpen your archery skills? Either way, you'll be guided and taught by our experienced ranger. Pre-registration is encouraged.read more
Full Moon Paddle
09/16/2016 - 09/16/2016
Join a guided tour of Clark Hill Lake and enjoy a peaceful paddle under the bright moon. Enjoy the night sky as you star gaze and hear the different night sounds. The program will go on if it is cloudy or light rain. Meet at Bathhouse 1 to receive your life jackets. Time: 8:30 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.read more
Your State Parks Day
09/24/2016 - 09/24/2016
We will begin the day with a beach sweep. Help us clean the shoreline beginning at 8 a.m. At 10 a.m., our kids fishing rodeo begins. Kids 15 and younger will enjoy fishing in a stock cove. The fun will continue from 12 p.m.- 2 p.m. with a kids bouncy house and water fun.read more
Junior Ranger Camping 101
10/01/2016 - 10/01/2016
Teach our Junior Rangers how to set up a tent properly, share with them tips on camping, lightning safety, and what to do if they get lost in the woods. Learn about snake awareness and the different species we have in Georgia.read more
Fall Fest
10/07/2016 - 10/10/2016
Fall Fest kick off begins Friday night with movies. On Saturday at 10 a.m., we will offer archery with scarecrows and pumpkins. Starting at 4 p.m., Fall Fest activities include pumpkin bowling, mini-golf, hayrides, apple bobbing, bouncy house, ring the scarecrows and more. The night will end with storytelling. Sunday night bingo and Monday Jr. Rangers.read more
Haunted Park
10/28/2016 - 10/29/2016
Our haunted park will start off with movie night on Friday. Archery Saturday morning will include witches and ghosts. On Saturday, we will have a costume contest and Halloween activities which will include Elijah Clark house tours, witches and ghosts mini-golf, ring the monsters and more. Our haunted house will open from 6-9:30 p.m.read more
Little Roy & Lizzy Music Festival
05/04/2017 - 05/06/2017
Adams Bluegrass, LLC presents the 5th Annual Little Roy & Lizzy Music Festival at Elijah Clark State Park. Little Roy and Lizzy will perform all three days. Thursday festivities will include The Band Kelley, The Marksmen, Marty Raybon & Full Circle, Jeff & Sheri Easter & Connie Smith. Friday's line-up will include Leroy Troy, The Rebekah Long Band, The Chuck Wagon Gang, Rhonda Vincent & The Rage & Daryle Singletary. Saturday's line-up will feature The Jeff Little Trio, The Doug Flowers Band, ...read more


text: I am using the Gallery BestWebsoft here and have Problem with the picture distances (gap between 2 pictures horizontal) when there are 3 pics per row. As soon as 4 pics are in a row, distances are ok. Seems that distance calc. in javascript does not work probably. Any help?


text:
For one of the pages, I am getting the following: "Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent..." but its not involving the wp-config file instead to do with the wp-includes/pluggable.php.
I have read other entries that have had a similar problem of which it suggests to remove any white space before and after the <?php and ?> tag.
I have done this and uploaded but the problem still appears.
Any suggestions on how this can be solved will be much appriciated