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Amid Rent Debt, Bankruptcy Firm Seeks Chapter 11 ProtectionBy Lizzy McLellan |
A western Pennsylvania bankruptcy firm that changed hands in the midst of a now-suspended principal's disciplinary troubles has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
A western Pennsylvania bankruptcy firm that changed hands in the midst of a now-suspended principal's disciplinary troubles has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
An Allegheny County trial judge has clarified his own 2009 decision on what is permissible in medical malpractice discovery, holding that it did not bar plaintiffs lawyers from utilizing materials like patient's slides and X-rays to jog a defendant doctor's memory regarding treatment, but it did place restrictions on questioning a treating doctor about the standard of care.
Kimberly Kitchen's past began to unspool two years ago. Kitchen was, by all accounts, a generous member of the Huntingdon community whose volunteer work with charitable organizations made her a familiar face around town. She was also a forger who practiced law without a license, for which she was found guilty in March of two misdemeanors and a felony. As she prepares to be sentenced Tuesday, the Huntingdon County bar is picking up the pieces left behind by her ruse.
In the wake of last month's Brexit vote, and in preparation for the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union, some large Pennsylvania firms are looking to expand operations in Germany.
Two medical malpractice attorneys from Obermayer Rebmann Maxwell & Hippel, including the co-chair of that practice, have joined Burns White, further adding to the latter firm's growing litigation bench.
U.S. Attorney David Hickton of the Western District of Pennsylvania was announced Tuesday night as The Legal's 2016 Attorney of the Year.
When Gov. Tom Wolf announced his nominees for 16 interim appointments to Pennsylvania's courts of common pleas, judges around the state let out a sigh of relief. For shorthanded courts, open seats on the bench have meant heavier workloads, scheduling concerns and, in some cases, delays in hearing certain types of cases, judges said.
A former district attorney from Montour County has joined Obermayer Rebmann Maxwell & Hippel as a partner, the firm announced this week.
In a brief to a federal appeals court, Bill Cosby argued that defamation claims brought by a Pittsburgh woman were rightly dismissed.
After a Pittsburgh man was misidentified by police during a traffic stop, shot at and paralyzed in an ensuing car crash, the Pennsylvania Superior Court has affirmed his sentence of "guilty without further penalty" for failing to stop at a stop sign.
Further adding to its litigation bench strength, Pittsburgh-based Burns White has added two members and two associates in the areas of professional liability and medical malpractice.
A federal judge has tossed a Pittsburgh woman's civil suit against Bill Cosby, finding that statements the comedian made refuting rape allegations against him fell short of defamation.
As he begins to fight the first criminal charge against him, Bill Cosby continues to argue that he did not defame a number of his accusers who have sued him, including a Pittsburgh woman.
An Allegheny County jury has awarded $32 million to the family of a 6-year-old boy killed in a 2012 car accident in Pittsburgh, including $10 million for a wrongful death claim and $10 million for a survival claim.
The Pittsburgh legal community, which has suffered some setbacks due to a dip in energy work, is in the midst of what some have described as a "renaissance," driving significant growth of out-of-town firms in the city due to health care, technology, finance and even energy matters.
Two partners in the Pittsburgh office of dissolving energy boutique Burleson LLP, including its managing partner, have joined Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease.
Cincinnati-based Frost Brown Todd has opened a Pittsburgh office with 10 lawyers from disbanding energy boutique Burleson LLP.
Nearing the end of a year when gas prices dropped significantly and oil-and-gas-related title work opportunities became fewer, Pennsylvania energy attorneys said there is still work to be had in the market.
Texas-based energy boutique Burleson LLP is set to close by year's end, the firm confirmed Monday.
A woman whose cancer diagnosis was delayed more than four years by her doctors' failure to report a mass on her lung has been awarded a $3 million verdict by a Jefferson County jury. The verdict is the largest ever reported in Jefferson County, according to a review of The Legal's annual listing of top verdicts and settlements.
A federal judge has denied a request for summary judgment from H.J. Heinz Co.'s insurer claiming the food company wasn't fully transparent about a series of contaminations in its products.
Philadelphia plaintiffs' firm Anapol Weiss has brought on the former Philadelphia office leader of a Pittsburgh-based plaintiffs' firm.
After weeks of making noise about the actions of various state officials, Attorney General Kathleen Kane came and went silently from the Pennsylvania Judicial Center in Harrisburg on Thursday. She had been ordered there to testify about a statement she made last week accusing the judge who oversaw the grand jury that investigated convicted serial child molester Jerry Sandusky of colluding to leak secret information to the press.
The Pittsburgh office of Jones Day will have new leadership for the first time in 12 years as the current managing partner takes over as head of the firm's global rule of law initiatives.
A federal judge, relying in part on the state Supreme Court's recent landmark products liability ruling in Tincher v. Omega Flex, found one of the defendants in a penis-pump personal injury suit improperly removed the case to federal court.
Houston-based energy law firm Burleson LLP has laid off six attorneys in its Pittsburgh office, including the office managing partner.
Out-of-town firms with offices in Pittsburgh are beginning to bolster their attorney ranks thanks to a confluence of factors including both client opportunities and the focus by some indigenous firms on trimming lawyer head count in the city.
The Pennsylvania Supreme Court is set to hear two expedited appeals from the Commonwealth Court in an argument session beginning today in Pittsburgh, one of which will impact the health care options of tens of thousands of Pennsylvanians and the business relationship between two of the state's health care powers.
The state Supreme Court has retained Pittsburgh firm Del Sole Cavanaugh Stroyd—the same firm that represented Attorney General Kathleen Kane when she challenged the grand jury investigating her—to review the contents of numerous allegedly offensive emails linked to Justice J. Michael Eakin.
A federal judge has decided it's too soon to declare an insurance company need not cover PNC Financial Services Group for $13 million in one case and potentially more in another because the underlying litigation has not been resolved.
A federal judge has ruled that testimony from a damages expert for a technology company can be admitted in the company's patent infringement case over a mobile banking app, the last one pending in a Pittsburgh-based multidistrict litigation.
On April 27, 2014, plaintiff Allyson Pelesky worked as a server at Rivers Casino, in Pittsburgh. She claimed that a male customer put his hand down her shirt and placed a casino chip in her bra, making contact with her breast. Pelesky told a supervisor about the incident, and she was interviewed by the state police.
The state Superior Court has revived an abuse of process suit against Fox Rothschild, Dillon McCandless King Coulter & Graham and two attorneys over claims that a coordination motion stemming from an underlying legal malpractice suit was a "sham" aimed at having the suit tried in a more favorable county.
Cohen Seglias Pallas Greenhall & Furman has added two attorneys to its Pittsburgh office, the firm announced Monday, doubling the office's head count and expanding the firm's oil and gas practice.
Counterclaims alleging patent-trolling filed by a vitamin and supplement company sued for patent infringement along with six similar companies will be allowed to proceed, a federal judge has ruled.
Pennsylvania Attorney General Kathleen Kane said the charges against her are part of a plan to keep under wraps a chain of emails that included pornography and racially and religiously offensive material.
A federal judge in Pittsburgh has approved a recommendation for roughly $1.69 million in attorney fees for the plaintiffs counsel to a drone manufacturer in a patent infringement case.
The state attorney general has filed charges against two western Pennsylvania defense attorneys over alleged violations of the Wiretap Act. The charges stem from separate incidents where the attorneys allegedly used illegally made recordings in legal proceedings.
The University of Pittsburgh School of Law has formed the Energy Law and Policy Institute, which will be led to start by Reed Smith partner and law school alumnus Kevin Abbott.
Tyco Electronics is liable to a group of former Com-Net Critical Communications shareholders for $125.8 million, an Allegheny County judge ruled last week.
A federal judge has ruled the Restatement (Second) of Torts bars strict liability claims for medical devices, even though the treatise does not specifically say so.
Allegheny County and the former company that provided medical services to the county prison have agreed to settle for $2.09 million with the estate of a prisoner who died after weeks of asking for medical treatment to no avail.
A federal judge in Pittsburgh has barred an expert's testimony on "implicit bias" in an age discrimination case.
A federal magistrate judge has upheld a verdict in favor of a class of landowners who claimed they were shortchanged on royalties from an oil and gas company drilling on their property.
When a plaintiff's attorney contacts only one potential expert to support a certificate of merit and that expert does not support the plaintiff's claims, a genuine issue of material fact exists as to whether the attorney breached his duty of care, the Superior Court has ruled.
A man who was severely injured after being hit by a CSX freight train can have access to the railroad's video surveillance recordings, but a federal judge has ruled that he may not share it outside of the courtroom.
The Pittsburgh legal market, despite housing the headquarters of some of the largest law firms in the world, held on longer to the collegial nature of partnerships than some of its brethren in larger markets. But things have begun to change.
The wife of a truck driver who was killed in a two-truck accident has reached settlement with the other driver, his employer and the company that leased to the employer.
A physical therapy facility must turn over a list of potential eyewitnesses after a patient fell during an exercise, a court of common pleas judge has ruled.
Minutes of a hospital board meeting held after a patient contracted hepatitis C from a kidney transplant are privileged, the state Superior Court has ruled.
Reed Smith has expanded its intellectual property, information and innovation group, bringing on six attorneys, including three who will launch the group's presence in Delaware.
A preponderance of the evidence standard can be applied to a statutory claim under the Unfair Trade Practices and Consumer Protection Law, rather than a clear and convincing evidence burden of proof, the Superior Court has ruled in a matter of first impression.
The Commonwealth Court has rejected claims that amendments to the Municipal Claims and Tax Lien Act imposed unconstitutional new taxes by passing along legal fees to delinquent taxpayers.
In interpreting a deed with contradictory definitions of a land parcel's boundaries, a split en banc panel of the Commonwealth Court has ruled in favor of the landowners who alleged a de facto taking of that property by a gas company.
A homeowner's insurance carrier was within its rights to deny coverage to a man who provided the use of a dirt bike—and, allegedly, alcohol—to a 19-year-old who was fatally injured when he crashed the vehicle, the Superior Court has ruled.
An American drone maker has won $7.8 million in damages from a French competitor that infringed on its patents.
An oil-and-gas drilling support services company has settled for $1.25 million a class action suit alleging that it failed to pay overtime.
A federal judge has ruled that a suit against Toys R Us, Babies R Us and others involving two children who were killed by a falling dresser can be sent back from federal court to the Beaver County Court of Common Pleas.
The crossroads of medical and legal causation of mesothelioma was on display before the state Supreme Court on Wednesday in a case set to determine whether a plaintiff's expert testimony was based on an impermissible "any exposure" theory of causation.
An American drone maker has won $7.8 million in damages from a French competitor that infringed on its patents.
A federal jury in Pittsburgh awarded $12.5 million in punitive damages to a woman who was routinely called a "bitch" by her male colleagues at an insulation manufacturing plant in southwest Pennsylvania.
An oil-and-gas drilling support services company has settled a class action suit alleging that it failed to pay overtime for $1.25 million.
A man who was fired after posting disparaging comments on his employer's Facebook page has gotten his case sent back to state court.
As a patent dispute between drone makers heads toward trial to determine damages next week, the federal judge handling the case has preserved the question of future damages for the jury.
A federal jury in Pittsburgh awarded $12.5 million in punitive damages to a woman who was routinely called a "bitch" by her male colleagues at an insulation manufacturing plant in southwest Pennsylvania.
A common pleas judge who awarded $25,000 in attorney fees for a case with $10,000 in damages has said the amount was reasonable, despite opposite appeals from both parties to the Pennsylvania Superior Court.
Two wage-and-hour lawsuits, one brought as a class action and the other as a collective action, are proceeding against Wal-Mart.
Two of the country's largest food companies have agreed to merge in a deal put into place with the help of dozens of lawyers across four law firms.
A contentious patent dispute between drone makers is heading toward trial to determine damages, since the federal judge handling the case entered default judgment against the defendant as a sanction after months of discovery delays.
A media report earlier this month about law firm emails that purport to show former Justice Seamus P. McCaffery, and not his wife, may have been the one to refer out certain cases while on the bench, has again raised questions about Pennsylvania's comparatively lax referral-fee rules.
A federal judge has ruled that Nationwide Insurance Co. is not obliged to defend homeowners accused of allowing raw sewage to spew onto a neighboring property.
A federal judge has ruled that an international arbitration award in favor of a China-based mineral supplier can be enforced upon an American company in a contract dispute.
The maker of Jawbone activity trackers, which has been accused of infringing on another company's patents, has brought a counterclaim for inequitable conduct on the patent holder.
The new managing partner of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius' Pittsburgh office said he is looking to build on the office's steady growth and capitalize on the expanding oil-and-gas-related legal work in the region.
A suit against FedEx claiming the company discriminates against deaf package handlers should be moved from Baltimore to Pittsburgh, a federal court has ruled.
A $5 verdict awarded to a woman who claimed to be injured in an auto accident has been upheld by the state Superior Court, despite her protests that the amount was miniscule.
According to the plaintiffs' complaint, on Jan. 2, 2012, Fernando Olivas was driving a tractor-trailer owned by J.M. Leasing eastbound along I-80 in Jefferson County, when he passed a slow-moving vehicle in the right lane. The weather had recently become snowy, the complaint said, and, as Olivas attempted to move back into the right lane after passing the slow-moving vehicle, he lost control of the tractor-trailer, which jack-knifed.
A township does not need to hire a forensic expert to recreate deleted phone records to satisfy a right-to-know request, the Commonwealth Court has ruled.
The exception from Obamacare's contraceptive mandate for religious organizations is fair, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has ruled in a reversal of decisions from two federal judges in Pittsburgh.
Nationwide litigation over Takata air bags, which are alleged to explode unprompted, ejecting metal debris, has been consolidated in the Southern District of Florida.
Pennsylvania's Office of the Attorney General wants to claw back 28 pages of lawyer's notes that it accidentally handed over in discovery in a case filed by a former state trooper against the Pennsylvania State Police.
A suspended Pittsburgh attorney who has defended drivers charged with driving under the influence of alcohol will have his driver's license suspended after allegedly driving under the influence of alcohol, the Commonwealth Court has ruled.
A federal judge in Pittsburgh has taken the unusual step of tossing the class allegations from a suit brought by neighbors of a coal-fired power plant before they had even moved for class certification.
A $2.6 million suit filed by a bank against an insurer has survived a motion to dismiss in federal court in Pittsburgh.
Only a child's parent, legal custodian or the juvenile court may make medical decisions for a dependent child, the Superior Court has ruled in rejecting a decision to appoint a child welfare advocacy organization as a medical guardian.
The Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas has ruled that an injured party can bring a declaratory judgment claim against an insurer directly—if the insurer has already named that party as a defendant in its own claim.
Heinz lost its bid for summary judgment in a case alleging that it appropriated someone else's idea for its "dip & squeeze" ketchup container.
Duquesne University has said its statement to the press in the wake of a law professor's discrimination suit was not defamatory despite the professor's amended complaint alleging the contrary.
A dispute over access to custom software and stored data between a company that monitors seismic vibrations and the tech company that built specialized software for it has been sent from federal court in Pittsburgh to federal court in Delaware.
The grant of summary judgment in a licensing dispute between a hunting and fishing television show and a snack and beverages marketing company has opened the door to a possible award of more than $6 million in the case.
The Pennsylvania Supreme Court has decided that an insured party is not barred from suing an insurer in a tort action simply because a contract exists between the two parties.
Videotaped out-of-court testimony of a 4-year-old that was introduced under the Tender Years Hearsay Act after the child was unresponsive on the witness stand violated the defendant's rights under the confrontation clause of the Sixth Amendment, the state Supreme Court has ruled.
Charges against an American citizen who has allegedly been making counterfeit money in Uganda have been filed in federal court in Pittsburgh.
The executive action on immigration announced by President Obama following the midterm elections last month is unconstitutional, a federal judge in Pittsburgh ruled Tuesday.
An adult patron of a carpet skate park is not able to sue the business after signing a waiver, even though it was intended for signature by a parent on behalf of a child, the state Superior Court has decided.
A potential class representative in an Americans with Disabilities Act suit against a grocery store chain need not have visited all of the stores at issue to have standing to bring the suit, a Pennsylvania federal magistrate judge has ruled.
A discovery master appointed to sort out attorney sanctions motions in three of the 52 thalidomide cases brought against GSK and others said in his order recommending sanctions that Seattle-based plaintiffs firm Hagens Berman Sobol Shapiro engaged in "bad-faith advocacy."
Suzuki will not be held liable for an allegedly defective four-wheeled all-terrain vehicle that flipped onto and severely injured a 14-year-old driver, an Allegheny County jury has determined.
The claims of two couples—who are among several suing oil and gas companies in northeastern Pennsylvania for negligence from the noise, traffic, lights and other disruptions from drilling—have been sent to arbitration by a federal judge.
A New Jersey debt collection law firm can enforce the arbitration agreement included in a sales contract for a Ford Fiesta that has now been repossessed, a federal magistrate judge has ruled.
The state Superior Court has reaffirmed that attorneys in Pennsylvania cannot seek recovery under a theory of quantum meruit against a lawyer who took over a case initiated by a different attorney.
District courts have split in three directions on how to apply the exemption to the Fair Labor Standards Act for computer professionals and, now, the Western District of Pennsylvania has weighed in.
Richland Township's attempt to take a small piece of land on behalf of a private university was excessive and should not be permitted, the Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas has ruled.
A federal judge in Pittsburgh entered the extreme sanction of default judgment against a French drone-maker that was facing allegations of patent infringement.
A federal judge has denied a motion to disqualify Eckert Seamans Cherin & Mellott from a case between the two former co-owners of the juvenile detention facilities at the heart of the Luzerne County "kids-for-cash" judicial scandal.
On April 2, 2008, plaintiff's decedent Arthur Orlidge, 82, stepped up onto a sidewalk leading into a Giant Eagle grocery store, at 1606 N. Center Ave., in Somerset, Pa., when he fell backward and struck his head on the ground. Orlidge later died from his injuries, on March 24, 2009.
A Brooklyn-based corporation that buys and sells automobiles has been ordered to pay $480,925 for failing to deliver two luxury vehicles.
Although some schools saw passage rates for the Pennsylvania bar exam drop by around 10 percentage points, the overall passage rate for the Pennsylvania bar exam's July test saw only a slight drop over last year.
Thanks to a novel detail in state law, a passenger injured in a car accident is allowed to use the driver's full tort coverage, despite being an insured of her husband's limited tort policy.
Yahoo Messenger chat transcripts, screen captures and videos can be shown at the trial of a man accused of lying in his application for naturalization, a federal judge in Pittsburgh has ruled.
Two insurance companies' failure to consider negotiating a settlement in the face of a potential billion-dollar loss on behalf of an insured should be sufficient justification for the insured to settle its claims for $80 million without the consent of the carriers, an attorney representing Babcock & Wilcox argued last week before the state Supreme Court.
An insurance carrier should not be left unable to pursue litigation against a third-party tortfeasor if an injured party does not want to file suit, an attorney argued last Wednesday before the state Supreme Court in Pittsburgh.
Counsel for two restaurant owners told the state Supreme Court in Pittsburgh last week that a nearly 50-year-old case dealing with the definition of an insured in anomnibusinsurance policy's employer liability exemption is being applied too broadly, and the courts should have the discretion to interpret the precise language of the insurance policy at issue.
First Commonwealth Bank's insurance company could still be on the hook for covering a $3.5 million loss after a Russian hacker got access to an energy company executive's account information.
Two multimillion-dollar insurance cases are expected to highlight the state Supreme Court's oral argument session set to kick off Tuesday in Pittsburgh.
A proposed class of landowners who sued an oil and gas lease pooling company could not show how a transaction fee the company charged was improper, how the company engaged in the unauthorized practice of law or how the assignment of lease rights was a regulated security, the state Superior Court ruled in upholding the dismissal of the case.
The state Supreme Court has declined to hear arguments over whether a roofer's suit against a building owner stemming from a fall through a rare, antique skylight should be allowed to proceed under exceptions to the premises liability law.
A Pittsburgh attorney who was falsely called a child molester in fliers cannot keep his defamation suit in Philadelphia, the state Superior Court has ruled, despite his claims that having the case in his home county would damage his reputation.
An Allegheny County jury has awarded nearly $16 million to a woman who sustained a severe brain injury in an auto accident while on her way to the rehearsal dinner for her daughter's wedding.
An Allegheny County jury has awarded nearly $16 million to a woman who sustained a severe brain injury in an auto accident while on her way to the rehearsal dinner for her daughter's wedding.
A heavy-equipment dealer that alleged a competitor had torpedoed its impending exclusivity deal with Hyundai by sending an allegedly defamatory eleventh-hour email to the president of Hyundai Construction Equipment Americas won a new trial on damages in federal court in Pittsburgh.
On July 23, 2012, a laborer, whose suit was filed on behalf of plaintiff Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, was hired by MPW Industrial Services Inc., a provider of industrial cleaning, facility management and labor support services, in Dravosburg, Pa.
A general contracting company has appealed a ruling that it is not entitled to coverage from a subcontractor's insurer in a job-site accident case because the coverage only applied in instances of vicarious liability.
A subsidiary of Citigroup failed in its bid to compel arbitration in a life insurance dispute in federal court in Pittsburgh.
Eckert Seamans Cherin & Mellott said it should not be disqualified from representing a "kids-for-cash" scandal defendant in a civil suit when the firm sued that defendant in a civil rights suit on behalf of one of the kids because both parties signed conflict waivers.
On Dec. 1, 2010, plaintiff Anthony Kenney, a self-employed car detailer in his late 30s, was driving on Federal Street in the North Side of Pittsburgh, when he turned onto Lafayette Avenue and was pulled over by an unmarked police car.
The state Department of Health announced that it has updated its handling of complaints related to fracking in the Marcellus Shale region.
The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission appealed a Commonwealth Court ruling that stripped it of its authority to review local government ordinances under the oil and gas law, Act 13 of 2012.
Calling out the National Labor Relations Board as moving toward "serving as the litigation arm of the union" rather than enforcing federal labor law, a federal judge granted the NLRB's broad subpoenas of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, but stayed their implementation so that UPMC can seek appellate review.
The nonprofit organizations related to a suburban Pittsburgh diocese don't have to comply with Obamacare's contraceptive mandate since a federal judge has granted them a permanent injunction.
The city of Pittsburgh's failure to show that reducing a fire captain's workers' compensation benefits would not cause financial hardship does not mean the city cannot reduce the benefits to recoup prior payments, the Commonwealth Court has ruled.
Because a closely held company and three of its minority shareholders are now at odds, a federal judge must decide which side holds the attorney-client privilege with the law firm that was paid by the company but used by the shareholders.
A Western Pennsylvania drug rehab center was awarded more than $270,000 in attorney fees from the city of DuBois, Pa., in a case that struck down the municipality's zoning restriction of a methadone clinic.
On April 30, 2012, plaintiff Patricia Frantz, an event specialist in her 70s, underwent a cataract phacoemulsification with insertion of an intraocular lens to her right eye, which was performed by ophthalmologist Dr. Ramakumar Gounder at The Waterfront Surgery Center in Homestead, Pa.
A bankruptcy lawyer whose practice is under review by the Western District of Pennsylvania bankruptcy court has had his appeal for a full-court recusal in all cases involving him dismissed for failure to prosecute.
A Pittsburgh federal judge has reduced the claims against Novartis Pharmaceuticals in three lawsuits alleging the company's drug Zometa caused the plaintiffs' jaws to deteriorate.
A western Pennsylvania solar panel manufacturer that filed for bankruptcy last year just got a $27 million judgment against a Chinese company that fell through on a deal to acquire the company.
A Vietnam veteran's claim that Geico acted in bad faith when handling his underinsured motorist benefits case has survived in federal court in Pittsburgh.
A bankruptcy attorney currently under review by the Western District of Pennsylvania bankruptcy court for alleged "systemic" misconduct is appealing a decision of the judge overseeing the review to recuse in only two of the hundreds of cases in which the lawyer is involved.
An Erie County Court of Common Pleas judge has been charged by the Judicial Conduct Board with misconduct in connection with several heated exchanges and off-the-bench incidents involving attorneys, witnesses, litigants and court staff.
The recorders of deeds in Pennsylvania's 67 counties won declaratory judgment from a federal judge who ruled that Merscorp must create and record property transfers with the county offices.
Companies like the Mennonite-owned Conestoga Wood Specialties in East Earl, Pa., can't be required to fund female contraceptives due to their religious objections, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled Monday in a decision that could foretell its approach to the next wave of litigation over that portion of Obamacare.
Less than a week after a federal judge granted a Pittsburgh-area Catholic diocese a preliminary injunction from the Obamacare contraceptive mandate, a different federal judge in Philadelphia has denied such an injunction to the Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia.
A suit over debt collection practices brought against a Philadelphia law firm has been revived by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
A federal magistrate judge in Pittsburgh has imposed sanctions on a commercial defendant after a fruitless settlement negotiation.
After having once revived a qui tam suit brought against a Pennsylvania engineering firm, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has now agreed with the trial court's decision to grant summary judgment to the firm.
Whether the catastrophic failure of a glass manufacturer's furnace was "sudden and accidental" was again before a federal district judge, after it had already been up to the Third Circuit once before.
Head injuries might be an expected part of playing football, but that doesn't overcome the duty of care that the NCAA owed to student athletes, a federal magistrate judge has decided.
Whistleblower claims that a major for-profit education company defrauded the federal government of billions of dollars in student aid must be illuminated through discovery, U.S. District Judge Terrence McVerry of the Western District of Pennsylvania has ruled.
Pittsburgh-based Buchanan Ingersoll & Rooney has brought aboard Hank Pool, former deputy general counsel of longtime client PNC Bank, as senior counsel in its financial services practice.
The parent company to a long-defunct railcar manufacturer is neither directly nor derivatively liable for toxic waste left on the grounds of its old manufacturing plant, a federal judge in Pittsburgh has ruled.
The Loan Interest and Protection Act, which prohibits residential mortgage lenders from collecting excessive fees and charges, does not provide a plaintiff a cause of action to sue a lender's attorney for allegedly collecting excessive fees, the state Superior Court has ruled.
According to a the plaintiff's pretrial memorandum, in the evening of Sept. 28, 2010, Thomas Mol, who was 34 and working as a financial manager, presented to the emergency room of the Forbes Regional Hospital. During the visit, Mol was seen by Dr. Elizabeth Moy, who was employed by EMP of Allegheny County LTD. The memo said that Mol complained of back pain and numbness. A CT scan was performed, and Night Hawk Radiology interpreted the readout. The memo said that Mol was sent home even though he was unable to walk under his own power.
Three out-of-state men who downloaded child pornography made by a Pittsburgh-area man who raped his adopted daughter at Disney World were dismissed from a civil suit brought by the victim under a federal law passed in her name.
The beneficiaries of a union's employee benefits trust fund will not be able to pursue a mechanic's lien claim against the developer of a project that the beneficiaries worked on, the state Supreme Court has ruled.
Fine-tuning its 2013 decision in Osborne v. Lewis, the Pennsylvania Superior Court has ruled that a medical malpractice action is only barred by the Medical Care Availability and Reduction of Error Act statute of repose provision when an injury is first manifested after the provision's 2002 effective date and the alleged negligence occurred more than seven years earlier.
A lawsuit against a hospital and nursing facilities can proceed despite a medical expert not being able to say that the defendants breached the standard of care by allegedly ignoring the malnourishment and subsequent weight loss of a man suffering from skin ulcers.
A former University of Pittsburgh professor who engaged in an affair with a research assistant can continue with his defamation case against the assistant over claims she affected his ability to get another teaching job and sent a picture of his penis to his wife and 37 associates.
An insurance company failed in its bid to maintain diversity jurisdiction in a case seeking to collect underinsured motorist benefits.
Pittsburgh's major hospital system can make a copy of the former mayor's computer in a case stemming from the ongoing dispute over the hospital's obligation to pay payroll taxes, a federal judge has ruled.
Arguments before the state Supreme Court in a case that is set to determine whether pharmacists have been overcharging attorneys for records focused on the 1998 amendments to the Medical Records Act, attorneys who attended the argument session said.
The Commonwealth Court has yet to decide whether the remaining Act 13 amendments of 2009 to the Pennsylvania Oil and Gas Act can stand following the state Supreme Court's ruling invalidating several provisions as unconstitutional, but that hasn't stopped it from issuing a separate ruling interpreting its original jurisdiction under Act 13 in the meantime.
Prosecutors can't use attorney-client or work-product privilege as a sweeping bar to keep a Pittsburgh-based for-profit education company from deposing officials in the complex discovery of a multibillion-dollar qui tam case, a federal judge has ruled.
A jury has awarded $6 million to a Pittsburgh company that claimed the China-based labs of a product-testing firm did not correctly test space heaters to ensure compliance with American safety standards.
The viability of a class action suit on behalf of attorneys alleging that they were being overcharged for pharmacy records by Rite Aid is one of several key cases set to be argued during the state Supreme Court oral argument session scheduled to begin today in Pittsburgh.
A misappropriation of trade secrets case against Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler and a former associate has survived a motion to dismiss after the judge found the plaintiff stated a "plausible factual basis" to show the defendants "obtained the trade secrets by improper means."
The western Pennsylvania land where Flight 93 crashed on Sept. 11 can be taken by eminent domain, a federal judge has ruled.
A race car driver's insurance company should have defended him when he was sued for wrongful death and negligence after he lost control of his vehicle during a race and crashed into the pit area, the state Superior Court has ruled.
The state Superior Court has ruled that a defendant's appeal has been waived because its statement of errors was filed three days late, even though it had been accepted by the trial court.


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text:
From Bookforum
"The novel's penetrating, playful words manage to 'pick impossibly heavy sh*t up' and deliver what one of the characters calls 'the perfect nonsense a real dream makes.'" (Publishers Weekly (starred review))
"[Written] with typical swaggering genius and ribald wit." (Vanity Fair)
"Hilarious [and] absorbing. . . . Powell can make the most barbed issues—the power of media, class resentment, private self-judgment, and dread of death—slither through dialogue of zany simplicity." (San Francisco Chronicle)
"Addictive, a plotless page-turner." (Minneapolis Star Tribune)
"A hilarious and engaging novel, with a strong sense of natural speech and life's absurdities, by the author of the highly acclaimed The Interrogative Mood." (Booklist)
"Wonderful. . . . You & Me is by turns hilarious, depressing, gnomic, smutty, and just a far better Saturday night than anything to be had in Jacksonville and Baskersfield combined." (BookForum)
"Deliciously human. . . . Powell creates dialogue so deftly that we feel we are sitting alongside these men, somehow caught up in their discussion. Slyly funny, sometimes silly, irreverent, impudent, and brash, Powell has crafted a conversation that is comically American, with a free and wild heart." (Interview Magazine)
"This is the hilarious work of a master in a late-career renaissance." (Creative Loafing)
"Extremely funny . . . reflective and poetic." (Village Voice)
"Sit back and enjoy the ride. . . . The payoffs are marvelous. . . . Powell gets deeper and funnier every time out." (Shelf Awareness)
"There's a wild, improvisational spirit to Powell's literary jazz. . . . You're urged on by hilarious . . . digressions, the musical lilt of the vernacular. . . . Good fun." (GQ.com)
"Great fun. . . . Irreverent. . . . Witty. . . . Compelling." (Kirkus Reviews)
"Hilarious [and] moving." (Oxford American)
"Delightful. . . . Ripe with juicy, drunken, rambling revelations. . . . Powell's wholly distinctive voice grabs you by the ear and sets you to laughing." (Portland Mercury)
"One of the South's most distinctive voices. . . . Make[s] your brain dance in ways you never thought it could. . . . There's a hallucinatory brilliance at work here . . . most of all, in the improbable and covert way that Powell cracks your heart." (Garden & Gun magazine)
"These old boys are Southern storytellers, masters of the gothic twist, the wry comeback. . . . Their voices become so vivid that reading the book begins to feel like eavesdropping—and a fine spell of eavesdropping it is." (Tampa Bay Times)
"Padgett Powell's You & Me, mixed with 750 ml of fine bourbon, is the most fun you can have in many states without getting arrested. Braver, tougher, smarter than most of the fiction supposedly pushing the envelope. Why? Because it actually means something." (Gary Shteyngart, bestselling author of Super Sad True Love Story)
"There are few writers who understand both the beauty and the absurdity of language as well as Padgett Powell. . . . These are Nobel-big concerns, presented the way all grand truths should be delivered, with humor and tenderness." (Kevin Wilson, bestselling author of The Family Fang)
"This book is a rare thing: experimental writing with powerful narrative drive. I finished it feeling quieted—by its melancholic probing—and exhilarated by its comic style." (John Jeremiah Sullivan, author of Pulphead and Blood Horses)
"…Hilarious, bizarre and absorbing … Echoes of everyone from Walt Whitman to Will Rogers, vaudeville to Wittgenstein…Powell can make the most barbed issues -the power of media, class resentment, private self-judgment and dread of death - slither through dialogue of zany simplicity." (San Francisco Chronicle)


text:
'Making use of Nanotechnology will help protect environment'
By Express News Service - THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
Published: 11th July 2012 09:57 AM
Last Updated: 11th July 2012 10:02 AM
Tessy Thomas, project director of India's prestigious Agni IV and V missions, has said that making use of the possibilities of nanotechnology will help protect the environment.
Delivering a lecture on 'science and technology for environment protection,' organised as part of the Diamond Jubilee lecture series held under the aegis of Parliamentary Study Centre of the Kerala Legislature, she said that nano particles had the capacity to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and pump into the earth. Nano catalysts are useful for waste treatment. Photo voltaic cells can be made using light sensitive polymers, she said.
She said that nano oil spills were used to contain the oil leak in the Gulf of Mexico. The characteristics of the matter will be different at the nano level, she said and added that making use of nanotechnology would help create an environment friendly life. Pointing out that anti-satellite missile debris and other space debris were polluting even the space, Tessy Thomas said that following the blasting of a satellite using anti-satellite missile by China in 2007 its debris were left in the space.
Magnetic levitation trains for transportation and environment-friendly 'green home' concepts will be a great relief to the environment, she said. Speaker G Karthikeyan presided over the function. ENS
Disclaimer: We respect your thoughts and views! But we need to be judicious while moderating your comments. All the comments will be moderated by the NIE editorial. Abstain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory, and do not indulge in personal attacks. Try to avoid outside hyperlinks inside the comment. Help us delete comments that do not follow these guidelines.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 26, 1993
|Filing date
|Aug 16, 1991
|Priority date
|Mar 7, 1989
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Hans W. Hafner
|Original Assignee
|Pfister Gmbh
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (26), Classifications (28), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation-in-part application of parent application U.S. Ser. No. 627,103, filed Dec. 13, 1990, abandoned.
The invention relates to ceramic hollow bodies preferably of a type having integrally formed a diaphragm thereon and including a cavity and methods for manufacturing such ceramic hollow bodies.
Recently, ceramic materials have found increasing use in various technical fields. In view of the temperature resistancy and form consistency they may be used under conditions where organic synthetics fail. Nevertheless, there is still a problem with using ceramic materials for manufacturing elements specifically of complex form, e. g. hollow bodies. Up to now mass production is possible for ceramic parts of very simple shape which may be formed in green state by usual pressing tools, for example, in dry pressing processes followed by a burning or sintering step. Ceramic hollow bodies have been produced by the so called ooze or slime molding method where a watered ceramic powder is condensed in a closed mold having porous walls by removal of liquid through these walls. However, the density achieved and, therefore, the stability of such bodies are unsatisfactory depart from the method being cumbersome and energy consuming, thus applicable only for a piece-by-piece production.
Alternatively, ceramic bodies of complex shape, specifically provided with cavities may be produced by the so called laminating technique (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,864,271; 4,972,579; 4,894,635). Here, a plurality of thin green ceramic foils having desired outer contoures or inner openings are formed to a stack followed by burning or sintering of the so formed body. Inner spaces have to be filled with corresponding rigid inserts which are evaporated or sublimated during the burning step. It is clear that such a laminating technique is difficult to process specifically when manufacturing relatively small elements.
The U.S. Pat. No. 4,481,497 discloses a pressure sensor employing a ceramic substrate and a ceramic diaphragm formed as separate parts and connected together. The substrate is provided with a cavity allowing deformation of the diaphragm. The diaphragm is provided with transducer means comprising a resistor bridge. Again, the known pressure sensor is complex in design and costly to be manufactured.
The DE-A-35 10 042 (U.S. Ser. No. 591,728) discloses a pressure sensor comprising a pressure transducer and a pressure measuring capsule. The capsule includes a membrane in surface contact with a diaphragm of the pressure transducer. The membrane of the capsule forms one wall of a cavity further defined by an opposite rigid plate and flexible transition portions connecting this plate with the membrane. Again, the design of the known pressure transducer is complex and the manufacturing thereof costly.
The U.S. patent application Ser. No. 322,142 relates to a pressure transducer comprising a rigid body formed of ceramic material with a ring-like shape having a central opening and a radially extending plane end surface, a diaphragm unitary with the rigid body and covering the opening at an end surface opposite to the plane end surface and thickfilm resistor means applied to at least one of two main surfaces of the diaphragm. Whilst this pressure transducer has a relatively simple design and is easy to be manufactured, it is difficult to position and fix it to a measuring position with the tendency of the diaphragm to be inadvertently tensioned or twisted.
The European patent application 0 232 048 discloses a ceramic arc tube for a high-pressure metal-vapor discharge lamp which is produced by forming a green ceramic tubular body of a first ceramic material; forming at least one green end cap of a second ceramic material the end cap including a cylindrical portion and a flange portion; positioning the cylindrical portion into a corresponding end portion of the green ceramic tubular body and burning the assembly. The ceramic material for the green ceramic tubular body may have a greater burning shrinkage than the ceramic material for said end cap. There is neither a diaphragm provided nor a connecting joint for connection to a fluid path.
The European patent No. 0 142 852 discloses a method of connecting of two halves of a hollow body made of green ceramic. Specifically, a semisphere body portion is inserted into one of two pressing molds each. By moving the pressing molds toward each other contact surfaces of the two halves engage each other. Integration at the contact surfaces is achieved by applying vibrations to one of the pressing molds. Then, the completed sphere is burned. There are no diaphragm and connecting joint formed to the sphere. Furthermore, the method is not adapted for mass production since each sphere must be individually formed under vibration.
There is another problem with the use of ceramic bodies: It is relatively difficult to fix them at a desired device of use. Up to now complex metallic clamping devices or housings are necessary or a metallic connecting element is embedded into the ceramic body by very specific technical processes.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,894,635 discloses a typical example for mounting a strain sensor formed of ceramic material by the above mentioned laminating technique. Specifically, the ceramic body is accommodated within a housing which is covered by a lid member. The three members are maintained in the assembled state by a cauling member engaging the housing body and the lid member pressing the peripheral part of the ceramic body against the housing body. An O-ring is interposed between the lower surface of the ceramic body and the opposite inner surface of the housing body. The housing body has a pressure hole formed therethrough communicating with a through-passage in the ceramic body. The housing body has formed thereon a stub provided with an outer threading for connection to a path means. It will be appreciated that this is a rather complex mounting means for the ceramic body.
Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 4,898,035 discloses a pressure sensor including a cylindrical metallic housing having an open end portion in which the ceramic sensor is fixedly accommodated. A metallic sealing member in the form of an annular disk having an opening is fluid-tightly secured at its radially inner portion to the radially outer or peripheral portion of the bottom wall of the ceramic body via an annular bonding layer formed of a glass or brazing material. This assembly is accommodated in a fluid-tight manner into a cylindrical metallic housing.
Furthermore, U.S. Pat. No. 4,934,193 discloses a pressure sensing transmitter comprising a housing. The housing is made of stainless steel and a metal isolation diaphragm is joined to the housing. An isolation fluid is sealed in a space between said isolation diaphragm and the sensing surface of the ceramic sensor. The metallic housing is provided with a passage having an inner threading for connection to a fluid path.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic hollow body which is simply to be manufactured and has, nevertheless, the desired characteristics, as stability, reproducibility and/or accurate dimensions.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide ceramic hollow bodies which are easy to be secured to any device of use.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing such ceramic hollow bodies. It is a still further object of the present invention to name specific advantageous applications of such ceramic hollow bodies. One method of the invention comprises the steps of providing a mold according to a final shape of said body, the shape including a diaphragm and a connecting joint integrally formed on said body, said connecting joint permitting direct connection and mounting to a fluid path means; putting a sublimable mold insert for forming a cavity in said hollow ceramic body and a through-passage from said cavity through said connecting joint into said mold; filling said mold with ceramic material; pressing said material in said mold up to said final shape of said body to produce a green body; removing said green body from said mold; and burning said green body said mold insert being sublimed during the burning step. An alternative method of the invention comprises the steps of forming a first of two green body portions of ceramic material, said first portion having integrally formed thereon a diaphragm confining a first side of a cavity formed within said first portion having an essentially cylindrical peripheral shape; forming a second of said two green body portions of ceramic material having an essentially cylindrical outer peripheral shape complementary to said cylindrical shape of said cavity and being provided with a through-passage; fitting said two green body portions together at their peripheral surfaces to form a combined green ceramic body; and burning said so-formed green body, said two portions forming said hollow ceramic body having said cavity therein said through passage leading to said cavity for fluid path thereto. A ceramic hollow body of the invention is integrally formed of pressed and burned ceramic material said hollow ceramic body enclosing a cavity and comprises a rigid body portion confining at least one side of said cavity and being provided with a through-passage to said cavity; a diaphragm confining a second side of said cavity; wall portions arranged between said rigid body portion and said diaphragm and confining other sides of said cavity; and a connecting joint integrally formed at said rigid body portion of said body for direct connection and mounting thereof to a fluid path means for passing fluid from said path means through said through-passage to said cavity.
Preferred improvements of the method, the ceramic hollow bodies and their applications according to the invention are defined in dependent claims.
Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments given below with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1 and 2 are elevational cross sectional views of two embodiments of ceramic hollow bodies;
FIGS. 3 to 9 are similar views as in FIGS. 1 and 2 of ceramic hollow bodies provided according to the invention, with connecting portions;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross sectional view of a ceramic hollow body provided with an extremely simple mounting or connecting means;
FIG. 11 is a similar view of a further ceramic hollow body formed of portions provided with contacting surfaces complementary to each other; and
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross section view illustrating the forming of a green hollow ceramic body.
Referring to FIG. 1 showing a first embodiment of the invention there is provided as a main element of a hollow body 1 according to the invention an essentially cylindrical hat type element 3 integrally formed of a relatively rigid torsion ring 13 of preferably rectangular cross section spanned at its top side by diaphragm 2 and connected to a radial mounting flange 5 by a flexible transition portion 6. Mounting flange 5 serves for securing or mounting body 1 to any desired device of use. Diaphragm 2 has applied thereto elements 4, preferably by thick film screen printing technique for detecting appropriate physical characteristics as will be explained in more details hereinafter. An insert element 10 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 8 snugly fits into element 3 in contact with inner peripheral surfaces 7 of element 3. In addition to this engagement between the inner surface 7 and the outer surface 8 the bottom side of flange 5 may be provided with a radially extending surface 9 in contact with a complementary surface 15 of insert element 10. Element 3 and insert element 10 are formed of ceramic material, which may have different characteristics, as to enhance merging together, e. g. different burning shrinking rates, put together in green state and then burned in a sintering process to one integral body 1 with contacting surfaces 7/8 and 9/15 respectively, strongly adhering to each other.
Specifically, the two individual elements are combined to a green body and burned resulting in a unitary sensor body sintered together at opposing contact surfaces. In contrast to known devices with laminated individual elements and the mold insert surrounded thereby the contact surfaces do not extend in several planes one above the other but are put together plug-like at the periphery. This permits a higher positioning accuracy of the individual elements and a higher stability of the pressure sensor since these contact surfaces provide a larger contact area between the inner peripheral surface of the base element and the outer peripheral surface of the insert element. Furthermore, the contact surfaces extend in an essentially unloaded zone such that there are no tensions in the diaphragm and, therefore, the contact surfaces will not negatively influence the connection stability of the sensor body.
Particularly advantageous is the cylindrical shape of the insert element inserted into the correspondingly formed pot-like inner cylindrical surface of the base element prior to sintering. Furthermore, the clamping portion of the base element and the insert element may engage each other such that the two elements are clamped during the sintering process at the later clamping portion of the unitary sensor body.
For compensating manufacturing tolerances, the contact surfaces of the base element and the insert element may be formed conically complementary to each other such that even with manufacturing molds having large tolerances or showing wearing a tight contact at the peripheral surfaces will be achieved prior to the sintering process. This results in a further simplification and cost reduction of the manufacturing method.
Insert element 10 and opposing diaphragm 2 form a cavity 11 which may be supplied with a fluid through a passage 14 preferably provided with an inner threading 12 such that the fluid comes into contact with diaphragm 2. As may be seen from the drawing insert element 10 has a simple plug type form without any inverse cuts such that it may be relatively easy formed of ceramic material and then inserted into element 3 formed of essentially similar or a different material. Inserting insert element 10 into element 3 forms cavity 11; thus, no core insert or similar measure is necessary for forming cavity 11 during sintering. Insert element 10 having a simple outer shape may be easily formed quite accurately fitting exactly into element 3 formed accurately as well.
After burning or sintering of the such combined hollow body 1 the latter may be secured by flange 5, as indicated by arrows, to a measuring position or the like. Alternatively, according to the invention connection may be achieved by any other desired connection and/or mounting to a fluid path or supply 120 as by inner threading 12 omitting the need of additional securing elements as flange 5 in view of contacting surfaces 7/8 normal to contacting surfaces 9/15. Even with high pressure at cavity 11 there is no danger of a separating pealing off at either contacting surfaces.
In FIG. 12 the manufacturing of a hollow ceramic body 120 by a simultaneous forming both of a diaphragm 34 and a base 33 with its clamping portion 35 of ceramic material in one step is illustrated. In contrast to the illustration in FIG. 1 the clamping portion 35 projects upward up to the top side of the diaphragm 32 resulting in a further increased defined bending flexibility of the transition tube portion 36. Furthermore, with such a design the top side of the diaphragm 32 and the top side of the clamping ring 35 may be treated in one method step, f. i. lapped and may be jointly coated or in a screen printing method jointly printed after burning of the hollow ceramic body 20.
For manufacturing the hollow ceramic body 120 first a ceramic powder is filled into the mold cavity between a pressing piston 38 and a complementary mold portion 31 and is highly densified by the mutual high pressure. This results in a desired diaphragm enforcement 37 of the diaphragm 32 the displacement of the pressing piston 38 being adjustable for achieving different diaphragm enforcements 37 (for adaptation to the actually desired pressure range).
Of high importance with the joint forming of the hollow ceramic body 120 is a pressing tube 39 surrounding the pressing piston 38 and axially adjustable thereto which pressing tube 39 in particular forms the clamping portion 35, the transition tube portion 36, and the transitions 36a with defined radii and wall thickness. By forge-like pulsing of the pressing piston 38 and the pressing tube 39 in respect of the complementary stationary mold portion 31 a particularly homogenous structure of the unburned or green sensor body 1 is achieved having particularly high stability without providing any contact surfaces between several elements as usual up to now. The unitary sensor body so formed is then burned as well known in the art.
FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention comprising a hollow body 21 of high stability again provided with a cavity 31 and an connecting inner threading 12 formed when pressing the green ceramic element. Threading 12 constitutes the connecting means 5 of this embodiment. For forming cavity 11 a complementary core insert 17 (in dash-dot lines) of evaporable or sublimable material as hexabromobenzene is enclosed by ceramic material pressed in an appropriate mold. Threading 12 offers a direct connection to a duct in a very simple manner. Any strains caused by screwing a connecting element into the threading 12 will be kept away from diaphragm 2 by transition portion 6a. Thus, no separate housing is necessary for encapsulating or mounting hollow body 21. This embodiment needs particularly few production steps and low production costs.
Hollow bodies of FIGS. 1 and 2 include the following essential features:
1. Both the form and the manufacturing process may be applied to ceramic hollow bodies in general. Essential for the invention is the connecting of individual elements at contacting surfaces complementary to each other by telescoping or merging into each other in order to achieve correspondingly large contacting surfaces and, therefore, a high stability with the contours of the individual elements being selected as simple as possible in order to offer mass production with relatively cheap tools.
2. As a connecting or mounting means not only an inner threading may be used but any connecting or mounting means may be directly formed at or in the ceramic hollow body. For example, an outer threading may be applied during extrusion onto the green outer body by a thread cutter. A similar method is applicable for inner threadings with reasonable inner diameters. Another specifically simple embodiment is a rigid base body integrally comprising a diaphragm and being provided with a threading on its outer periphery.
3. The designs of ceramic hollow bodies are not limited to a hat type unitary element provided with a pressure sensor diaphragm and an inserted plug but any other designs or shapes may be applicable as well as long as their individual parts may be easily formed for instance by dry pressing, and have appropriately large complementary contact surfaces and a design with the possibility of being shifted or telescoped into each other.
4. Such a ceramic hollow body may as a basic body not only be used for pressure sensors but for any other type of sensors or even other types of use.
5. As far as the ceramic hollow body comprises a diaphragm the latter is not limited for having pressure transducer elements applied thereto. The diaphragm may serve various other purposes and may be appropriately designed for example as a porous diaphragm.
As regards applicable materials, preferably AL2 O3, and the methods to be applied for forming the simple individual elements as well as the details of burning or sintering it is referred to the US Patents mentioned above. Therefore, hereinafter only a few examples of hollow ceramic bodies are explained considered particularly preferrable.
Since the embodiments according to FIGS. 3 to 11 will be easily understood by a skilled person when contemplating the drawings only a very short explanation of the drawings is given below.
Thus, for example, FIG. 3 shows as an extremely simple connection of a hollow body to any other type of device. Plug 20 is provided with an annular groove 22 into which, for example, clamps of a clamp coupling may be engaged.
FIG. 4 illustrates the shape of plug 30 having an annular projection or ring 32 for applying a hose thereto.
FIG. 5 illustrates a plug 40 provided with a passage into which a tube 48 sealed by a ring sealing 44 may be inserted. Tube may be secured by means of a clamping connection 42 including clamp element 46.
FIG. 6 illustrates a plug 50 being provided with an outer threading 52 onto which a nut (not shown) may be screwed with a sealing 54 therebetween.
With the hollow body according to FIG. 7 a plug 60 is used having an extension provided with a surrounding rim or bulge such that again a hose may be applied thereto or a coupling having clamps engaging behind the rim.
FIG. 8 illustrates a hollow body having a plug 70 provided with an outer threading for having screwed thereto a nut 72 and a passage conically expanded for having inserted thereto a complementarily formed cone provided with an annular sealing 76. With the embodiment of FIG. 9 a hollow body 110 comprising an inserted plug 114 may be screwed by means of an outer threading 112 to a tube (not shown).
The schematic representation of FIG. 10 shows the principal possibilities for securing a pot type hollow body 100 by means of an outer threading 102.
Though for sake of simplicity only modifications of the basic form of a hollow body according to FIG. 1 are illustrated in FIG. 3 to 9 the invention is not limited to such type of modifications. The individual elements eventually forming the ceramic hollow body may have any desired form as long as they have formed thereon complementary contact surfaces engaging each other by telescoping into each other. Alternatively, unitary body 21 of FIG. 2 may be provided with one (or more) of the connecting means illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 9. Most preferably, the connecting means will have a passage leading to cavity 11.
For example only it is referred to FIG. 11 showing a possible connection between two curved individual parts e. g. two halves of a sphere. The upper hemisphere 200 is provided with a cylindrical annular extension 204 fitting into a corresponding groove formed in the lower hemisphere 202. As long as the inner shape or surface is of no importance a simple step connection may be used at the inner side.
In the embodiments explained above the contacting surfaces are explained as being essentially complementary cylindrical surfaces. However, a preferably slight conical shape, eventually with a curved wall is applicable as well. With a conical shape the complementary contacting surfaces are slightly pressed against each other upon insertion. Alternatively, stepped complementary surfaces may be used as well.
It should be noted that due to having a connecting or mounting means directly formed onto the ceramic hollow body there is no more need to include a separate connecting element made of metal. No mounting means may even be necessary when just connecting the body to a device of use or a hose or other duct.
As mentioned before, the diaphragms integrally formed with the ceramic hollow bodies of the preferred embodiments may have any appropriate design in accordance with the desired use. A preferable use instead of a pressure sensor may be as a porous diaphragm for gas separation since these diaphragms sustain temperatures of several 100� C. Therefore, light molecules of process gases may be separated pressure-free or at low pressures and high temperatures. An average pore radius may be in the order of 15 to 30 Angstrom, see Zeitschrift Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 56 (1984) Nr. 9 S. 1720. A further application may be as an oxygen ions conducting ceramic diaphragm for pH-sensors (SCIENCE, vol. 207, Mar. 14, 1980, page 1200-1202). Further preferred applications of sensors formed as ceramic hollow bodies according to the invention or using them are temperature sensors, gas or humidity sensors for detecting the adsorption and desorption of gases in response to changes of electric conductivity and infrared sensors using the pyroelectric effect (Keramik Bulletin, vol. 64 No. 12 (1985), pages 1581 to 1585). Still another application is as a heat conductivity sensor (Technisches Messen, Jahrgang 51, 1984, Heft 11, pages 385 to 393).
From the before mentioned applications it may be seen that ceramic hollow bodies of the invention may be of particular use in high temperature processes. In this connection porous diaphragms are more and more important for gas or liquid separation where these fluids may diffuse through the porous diaphragm as a semipermeable wall, for example, by osmotic pressure. By appropriately selecting the thickness and the pore size the diaphragm may be conveniently adapted to the desired conditions in wide ranges. An important field of application relates to environmental and pollution problems specifically in connection with motor cars.
Further specific applications of diaphragms of the invention are vapor permeable diaphragms for alcohol separation, gas separating diaphragms for the hydrogen separation and ultrafiltration diaphragms for a high temperature sterilization. Such diaphragms may be used as well for biotechnologic processes as alcohol fermentation processes where ultrafiltration diaphragms may be used for recovering enzymes.
To summarize, it will be appreciated that on the basis of the considerations in connection with the present invention it is possible to produce ceramic hollow bodies having satisfactory stability in a simple manner. The ceramic hollow bodies offer a large variety of applications with a specific field of the use of such ceramic hollow bodies having a diaphragm or diaphragms integrally formed thereon in the fields of the sensor technique and gas/liquid processing technique. With the bodies being integrally provided with connecting means mounting or securing to a device of use is quite simple omitting specific measures as providing metallic housings.
The specific examples and embodiments discussed above are considered illustrative only, and not limited thereto. The scope of the invention is defined in the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 23, 1990
|Jan 15, 1991
|Pfister Gmbh
|Pressure sensor and method for manufacturing it
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 7, 1994
|Jun 11, 1996
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Method of making a pressure transducer apparatus
|Aug 31, 1995
|Jun 3, 1997
|Ngk Insulators, Ltd.
|Method of producing ceramic diaphragm structure having convex diaphragm portion
|Feb 27, 1997
|Jan 19, 1999
|Sigma-Netics, Inc.
|Strain gauge and method of manufacture
|May 27, 1998
|Aug 1, 2000
|Louis J. Desy, Jr.
|Shaped multilayer ceramic transducers and method for making the same
|May 22, 2000
|Jul 3, 2001
|Louis J. Desy, Jr.
|Shaped multilayer ceramic transducers and method for making the same
|May 4, 2000
|May 28, 2002
|Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
|Method and apparatus for measurement and automatic control of acid concentration
|May 1, 2000
|Jun 11, 2002
|Sensor and sensor system for liquid conductivity, temperature and depth
|Dec 13, 1999
|Feb 25, 2003
|Ngk Insulators, Ltd.
|Force sensor
|Dec 6, 2001
|Jun 10, 2003
|Sensor and sensor system for liquid conductivity, temperature and depth
|May 16, 2002
|Nov 18, 2003
|Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
|Method and apparatus for measurement and automatic control of acid concentration
|Aug 7, 2007
|Oct 27, 2009
|Harris Corporation
|Electro-fluidic interconnect attachment
|Mar 23, 2010
|Infineon Technologies Sensonor As
|Micromechanical pressure sensing device
|Sep 4, 2012
|Infineon Technologies Ag
|Micromechanical pressure sensing device
|Aug 25, 2009
|Dec 3, 2013
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Method for producing high-pressure sensors
|Mar 29, 2010
|Dec 23, 2014
|Ge Healthcare Bio-Sciences Ab
|Pressure sensor having a connection housing and a sensor housing
|Feb 15, 2002
|Aug 29, 2002
|Osram Sylvania Inc.
|Method of assembling a ceramic body
|Aug 7, 2007
|Jun 19, 2008
|Harris Corporation
|Electro-Fluidic Interconnect Attachment
|Jan 16, 2008
|Jul 31, 2008
|Infineon Technologies Sensonor As
|Micromechanical Pressure Sensing Device
|Feb 17, 2010
|Jun 10, 2010
|Infineon Technologies Sensonor As
|Micromechanical Pressure Sensing Device
|Mar 29, 2010
|Feb 2, 2012
|Ge Healthcare Bio-Sciences Ab
|Pressure sensor
|Dec 10, 1998
|Jun 16, 1999
|Nagano Keiki Co., Ltd.
|Pressure sensor
|Feb 27, 1997
|Sep 4, 1997
|Sigma-Netics, Inc.
|Improved strain gauge and method of manufacture
|Apr 30, 2001
|Nov 15, 2001
|Arete Associates
|Sensor and sensor system for liquid conductivity, temperature and depth
|Feb 20, 2002
|Sep 6, 2002
|Osram Sylvania Inc.
|Method of assembling a ceramic body
|Feb 20, 2002
|Dec 27, 2002
|Osram Sylvania Inc
|Method of assembling a ceramic body
|Aug 25, 2009
|Apr 29, 2010
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Method for producing high-pressure sensors
|U.S. Classification
|29/621.1, 29/595, 156/89.11, 73/727, 338/4
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 16, 1991
Owner name: PFISTER GMBH
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HAFNER, HANS W.;REEL/FRAME:005883/0014
Effective date: 19910903
|Jun 3, 1997
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Oct 26, 1997
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jan 6, 1998
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19971029


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36 reviews | 4.7 out of 5
I bought this to replace my 1950's Singer sewing machine. I was a little concerned about the throat size because I am using it to machine quilt a large (queen size) quilt. The throat just didn't look bigger than my old Singer, but upon using it to quilt it is larger. I absolutely love the needle-threader, the button to push to reverse (it goes backward as long as you hold the button down and when you let up goes forward again) and the feature that allows you to select the needle position (up or down) when you stop sewing. This is a great help in machine quilting, although I think these are features on many new machines, not just this one. My only complaint is when I am manipulating my quilt for quilting I sometimes accidently move the sliding lever on the front of the machine that positions the needle from side to side. A plastic cover for these controls would be helpful to keep from accidentally hitting them when moving your quilt around. Just a minor complaint though -- I really love this machine!
'Perfect sewing machine for beginner or advanced quilter. This machine does it all. I first bought the brother because it was a little cheaper. That was the wrong thing to do.( lesson learned). I will always stay with the singer brand forever. My daughter was over playing around with it.she is not big into sewing but she is on her way to get one. It was so easy for her to figure it out. a must have for beginner or advanced. I make quilts and this machine came with everything I needed. It does all I needed. I love the needle threader it was simple to use. Its a fairly quite machine. The right weight.not so light it gets pushed around when your trying to quilt a large quilt. But not so heavy you cant move or take it with you..the stitches are so simple to figure out also. Not a lot of computer just enough. I will definitly will be recommending this machine. If you purchase this one.you will be happy you did.
I purchased this machine and have only used it a couple of times. I have made a small quilted wall hanging and a chemo head wrap so far. The quilting came out wonderful and have plans to make a large bed quilt next and expect the same wonderful results. The Checmo head wrap is made of lace and lining and it to has sewed out beatifully. No bunching of the fabrics at all . I love the price of the machine. Expensive enough to be repected but cheap enough to be affordable. I have been using a very cheap priced machine up to this point and have had great results with that but I needed an updated machine for the things I do. There are features on this machine that I love. The threading of the needle takes only seconds. Changing stitches is so very easy. I will be puttng many hours on this machine over the next couple of months and for the future. My mother had a machine that cost way more than this machine years ago and it was capable of making sewing easy and had many stitch capabilities, but since I got this machine and have tested the stitches available, I am very happy that I have this machine and believe that it would be very loved by many other sewers that would like to keep a purchase of a machine in a budget.
all the built in stiches are wonderful. Easy to learn and run. All the added presser feet are wonderful as well.
I bought this sewing machine for my mother for her birthday. It was very easy to set up. Sews very nice. She loved it. I liked the bobbin case and the automatic threading option. I have an embroidery Machine by Singer that I dearly love. This is very similar to that in the way it sews, needle threading and the way the bobbin goes in. I would buy this again.
The drop in bobbin is great! Push button selection is great also. Threading the machine is pretty simple. Good useful attachments included and the manual is ok. The foot pedal operates easily.
The machine that I got did not function properly and that was a Singer machine problem, not a Wal-Mart problem. Returning this sewing machine to the store where I picked it up was swift and easy. I recommend this machine to beginners as well as those who are experienced.
I have owned 4 or 5 sewing machines in the last 30 years and this is by far the Best Sewing Machine I've ever bought !! This machine will not let you make a mistake with the stitches- it lets you know ! I have made 1 quilt so far and working on the next , I've been sewing a lot of clothes and extras - and Much Much more to go !! Love It !
Love this machine so far. Liked the fact that I was able to get a bonus attachment package which included the walking foot and the 1/4" foot for quilting. Have used some of the various stitches but not all of them yet. Very satisfied so far.
I'm learning free motion quilting. Since the machine arrived, I have practiced every day. It does a fantastic job. I just have to conquer my hand and feet coordination (moving the quilt and matching the machine speed).
this machine can do anything but the dishes....i cannot wait to get up in the morning to get into ,my sewing to see what new stitches i can learn...i absolutly love this machine....
I only had my Singer Model 7469Q for a week, so far I really like the way it sews and also I like the job it does on the different stitches. I also like the needle threader and the ease of filling the bobbin. Very easy and quick. I am sure I will enjoy this machine very much.
Ok, so this is my 3rd one!! The 1st one lasted for over 3 years and went to get the timing fixed and was told I might as well get a new one. That's what I did and it only lasted 3 days. Mind you I bought from 2 different companies. So now I have this one and it's not remanufactured, it's new and I'm soooo pleased so far!! Bought the 4 year warranty with it also just in case.
I've only had this a few days, but really love it. Best features are needle up position and extended work surface. The needle threader instructions seemed a little complicated, but I can still see to thread the needle, so haven't tried the threader yet. Runs smooths and fairly quiet. Lever to lift presser foot is not in the back, but on the righthand side, so easier to get to. Easy to adjust stitch length and width, and can manually adjust tension if needed. Good machine. Hope it lasts as long as my old Singer did (20+ years).
I haven't had my Singer very long but so far I love it. It's easy to use and does a fantastic job. Great machine for the money.
I really like this Singer sewing machine. The video was a great help. Viewed the video on the TV first and then it worked great on the PC. I haven't had time to check out all the bells and whistles.... so I can't give a complete review. The 1/4 inch foot is really cool. After you figure out how to thread the machine (watch the video), wind the bobbin and insert it, it's a piece of cake. So far, so good.
Because of the affordability and quality, I have always been a big fan of Singer products. While I have only had it a week or so, my latest Singer purchase "The 7469Q Singer Confidence Quilter 98-Stitch Sewing Machine" meets all my expectations and then some. With the extra's that came with this machine, such as the walking foot and the extended table etc., I was able to start quilting immediately. This machine is perfect for the beginner and the experienced quilter.
It was a gift for my niece. She loves it and is so excited about having a good machine to make quilts and other projects.
This is a great sewing machine.I am a quilter and this Singer is sweet.It has all the bells and whistles,and is very user friendly.
Delivery was quick.and I am very pleased with my purchase.
This is a dream machine! Already sewing. It did take some study to figure out all the functions guide book was so helpful. Really love drop in bobbin & needle threader.
This is the 2nd Singer CQ that I have bought in a month! The first one I thought it was a fluke that the dog feet wouldn't engage and I sent it back, then I decided to order from a different place, Walmart and at first it was wonderful, but within 2 weeks after putting the dog feet down to quilt they would not go back up. I clean the machine and tried and tried. I am so frustrated! For the amount of money for this machine it should last! My $89 Brother machine works better. Such a let down!!!!!


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The Best In Reggae Rock
Interview with Karim of Arise Roots
How did Arise Roots meet and decide to form a roots reggae band?
Karim: That's always a fun question because we initially met…Continue
Added by Lori Hatmaker on July 24, 2014 at 2:30pm — No Comments
Who are your biggest musical influences?
Leilani: I come from a very musical family. My cousins are The Jets. They were probably my first influence as a child. My biggest influence is Sublime. That band captured my love for both punk and reggae. Covering songs from…Continue
Added by Lori Hatmaker on July 3, 2014 at 12:30pm — No Comments
We've been ranked as the #1 Reggae station online, with the most listeners, by Live365 (who tracks all the stations). Thank you guys so much for all the support we love our listeners!!!
Added by SurfRoots on July 2, 2014 at 1:24pm — No Comments
Tribal Seeds is back with their new album Representing dropping tomorrow, 5/13/14! The album debuted as #1 on iTunes for pre-order overall. Check out my interview with the band below and be sure to order your copy of the album on iTunes!!
You just finished your "Representing 2014 Tour". …Continue
Added by Lori Hatmaker on May 12, 2014 at 1:00pm — No Comments
I was so happy and honored to be able to attend the 11th Annual "Yes I Can" Summer Meltdown Autism Awareness Music and Arts Festival this past weekend at the Santa Clarita Skatepark.
The "Yes I Can" program is put together by students at the William S. Hart Union High School. These students are living…
Added by Lori Hatmaker on May 1, 2014 at 10:30am — 1 Comment
Summer tour dates announced! Get tickets @ www.RebelutionMusic.com
Added by SurfRoots on April 23, 2014 at 2:36pm — No Comments
Bear Mountain Spring Break Reggae Festival
-Lady Reiko
-80 Proof
-P.O.B. (Project Out of Bounds)
-The Devastators
-Through the Roots
What better way to end the last day of snowboarding season than a reggae festival? I had a…Continue
Added by Lori Hatmaker on April 4, 2014 at 2:00pm — No Comments
Thank you to everyone entering your answers are so great! Stoked to see you are as excited for Caliroots as we are, I wish we could give free tickets to all of you! The six contest winners are: DARCY ANGELA JOHNSON, BRYAUNA SMITH, SAVANNAH MOOSE, SHANE GRAY, JASMINE HAMILTON, AARON ARGUETA. Thanks to all of you for showing love for the station and the reggae music scene. Your enthusiasm is awesome. Congratulations you are both gonna have an…Continue
Added by SurfRoots on March 19, 2014 at 4:00pm — 2 Comments
Win a 3-day pass to the California Roots Festival! Memorial Day weekend @ the Monterey County Fairgrounds, the best weekend of the year! Comment below and let us know which artists you are most excited to see and why. Winners will be selected on Wed, March 19th
Added by SurfRoots on March 16, 2014 at 12:00pm — 96 Comments
Band: True Press
Title: Anything Is Possible
Release Date: March 11, 2014
Label: True Press Music Inc.
Genre: Reggae, Alternative Rock
Hailing from Monrovia, California, True Press first combined their musical talents in 2006. Starting from rehearsing in an abandoned house with no electricity, True Press has been determined to spread their message through their inspiring reggae music. With recent additions to the band since then, True…Continue
Added by Lori Hatmaker on March 12, 2014 at 2:00pm — No Comments
It's All a Jam Tour is selling out get your tickets in advance @ www.FortunateMusic.com
Added by SurfRoots on March 12, 2014 at 11:00am — No Comments
New Surf Roots rasta bikinis! Two styles "Spring Break" and "Summer." Designed in Hawaii, made in Brazil! Now accepting pre-orders, please allow a few weeks for delivery. Order yours in our Shop @ www.Surfroots.bigcartel.com…
Added by SurfRoots on March 4, 2014 at 8:00pm — No Comments
The first 'All Stars' T in the new series! Illustrated by Eric Everett, photography by Cindi Arrata, graphics by Ikaika Beamer. Thanks to all the bands for your support!!! Get yours @ www.Surfroots.bigcartel.com
Added by SurfRoots on January 11, 2014 at 1:00pm — No Comments
Get your tickets now! www.CaliforniaRootsFestival.com
Added by SurfRoots on January 9, 2014 at 11:00am — No Comments
Added by SurfRoots on January 8, 2014 at 5:00pm — No Comments
Thanks to Dan Kelly of FORTUNATE YOUTH for dropping by! Get your shirt @ www.Surfroots.bigcartel.com
Added by SurfRoots on January 2, 2014 at 9:30am — No Comments
Jan 24 Wonder Ballroom - Portland, OR
Jan 25 El Corazon - Seattle, WA
Jan 26 Fortune Sound Club - Vancouver, Canada
Jan 28 Knitting Factory Concert House - Spokane, WA
Jan 29 Knitting Factory Concert House - Boise, ID
Jan 30 Park City Live - Park City, UT
Jan 31 Belly Up Aspen - Aspen, CO
Feb 01 Gothic Theatre - Englewood, CO
Feb 03 The Waiting Room - Omaha, NE
Feb 04 Mill City Nights - Minneapolis, MN
Feb 05 The Rave II (Downstairs)…
Added by SurfRoots on January 5, 2014 at 6:30pm — No Comments
Info & Tickets: www.TribalSeeds.net
Added by SurfRoots on October 16, 2013 at 3:00pm — No Comments
Tickets: www.IrationMusic.com
Added by SurfRoots on November 9, 2013 at 9:10am — No Comments
2/4 St. Louis, MO - The Pageant
2/5 Indianapolis, IN - The Deluxe
2/6 Columbus, OH - Newport Music Hall
2/7 Pittsburgh, PA - Stage AE
2/8 Covington, KY - Madison Theater
2/12 Stroudsburg, PA - Sherman Theater
2/13 Silver Spring, MD - The Fillmore
2/14 Norfolk, VA - The Norva
2/15 Norfolk, VA - The Norva
2/16 Raleigh, NC - Lincoln Theater
2/19 Charleston, SC - Music Farm
2/20 Winston-Salem, NC - Ziggy's
2/21 Athens,…
Added by SurfRoots on November 18, 2013 at 8:30am — No Comments


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Liked the pool the best fun for all the grand kids
Loved the hotel. Clean and great pool for kids. Made it so we could stay an extra night. Would definitely stay again. Great breakfast and had pancakes for kids from 8-midnight which was great for the night of the rodeo.
Clean rooms, excellent breakfast and very nice staff!
Comfortable Bed
We booked a suite, and were given a standard size room. When we asked, our intelligence was insulted by being told it was a suite!!?? What?
I was overcharged for my one- night stay by $50. Did not honor kayak price even though I showed them the confirmation information on my iPad.
comfy beds with nice bedding
$50 charge to my credit card for incidentals, which will be reimbursed in a few to several days. I wasn't told this was going to happen.
Nice big room. Free wifi was nice because I consider it a must-have. I'm very happy that the hotel was 100% non-smoking.
The toilet paper was low-quality and there weren't enough blankets in the room. If these two items are fixed, then I would recommend this place to everyone.
Rooms and breakfast
Pool too cold
The continental breakfast was very good. They offered a great selection of food and were very diligent in keeping everything stocked. The staff were very friendly and accommodating.
The first room we were given had a very strong smoke smell and the window did not lock. The window was also missing the screen. The second room we were given smelt much better but there were multiple stains on the carpet. The shower/bath tub looked very dirty as well. It appears as though they had tried to fill chips and cracks with a cocking material that did not match the color of the tub. Also the hot tub was out of order and the swimming pool was very dirty. The sides of both the hot tub and pool were stained yellow.
Outside room door
Front desk manager was rude. Been to Aberdeen 5x this year and each week I chose to stay here. Then, I try to extend my stay an additional day, I'm told that they only have 3 rooms available so the rate I had been paying is 3x more. Last time I stay here
Very clean rooms! :) real quiet
The room was small. The hallways smelled very smokey. As the night went on our room smelled like cigarette smoke.
The staff
The area
The a/c unit in my room was extremely loud if you actually wanted it to cool, also the fridge in the room was unplugged and moldy smelling.
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Sidny Leon Catlett
Position: Small Forward ▪ Shoots: Right
Height: 6-6 ▪ Weight: 230 lbs.
Born: April 18, 1948
High School: DeMatha Catholic in Hyattsville, Maryland
College: University of Notre Dame
Draft: Cincinnati Royals, 4th round (4th pick, 55th overall), 1971 NBA Draft
NBA Debut: November 3, 1971
Promote your website or business by sponsoring this page for $5 on Basketball-Reference.com. Your message will replace this ad.


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Thanks to Cole's cousin, when he first started rapping he based his flow on Master P and was rhyming words like "soulja" and "doja." It was until later did he start to listen to rappers like Jay-Z and Nas.
25 Things You Didn't Know About J. Cole
J. Cole started rapping at age 12 after seeing his cousin from Louisiana rap.
Watch Now


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Reviewed By Thomas S (EVERGREEN, AL) Reviewed for a 2016 Ford F-350 —12/21/2015 5:06 AM
The switch arrived inoperative. Not well made. The lights perform well after installation with an alternative switch.
Reviewed By Chris P (Athens, GA) Reviewed for a 2007 Ford F-250 —12/10/2015 2:55 PM
I converted the sealed beam headlights on my 2007 F250 XL to the Hella Vision Plus. They fit perfect, took less than 30 minutes to install and I see a whole lot better at night. I would recommend these anyone with a similar model F250.


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Book your room at Holiday Inn Helsinki Exhibit & Convention Center
Get an overview of this hotel3-star Helsinki hotel in Pasila with restaurant
Located in Pasila, this hotel is 0 mi (0.1 km) from Helsinki Exhibition and Convention Centre and within 3 mi (5 km) of Finlandia Hall and National Museum. Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art and Ateneum Art Museum are also within 3 mi (5 km).
Hotel Features
Along with a restaurant, this smoke-free hotel has a fitness center and a bar/lounge. WiFi in public areas is free. Additionally, a coffee shop/café, a sauna, and a conference center are onsite.
Room Amenities
All 244 individually furnished rooms feature free WiFi and room service. Guests can enjoy deep soaking tubs, and other standard amenities include coffee makers, pillow menus, and satellite TV.Would you like to give us feedback? Share it! Opens in a new window
Holiday Inn Helsinki Exhibit & Convention CenterMessuaukio 1 Helsinki 00520
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Holiday Inn Helsinki Exhibit & Convention Center features a sauna and a fitness center. The hotel offers a restaurant and a coffee shop/café. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Public areas are equipped with complimentary high-speed wireless Internet access.
This 3-star property offers access to a business center and meeting rooms. 40 meeting rooms are available. This business-friendly hotel also offers multilingual staff, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and laundry facilities. Parking is available onsite for a surcharge.
Holiday Inn Helsinki Exhibit & Convention Center is a smoke-free property.
- Total number of rooms - 244
- Number of floors - 9
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Business center
- Coffee shop or café
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Conference space
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Fitness facilities
- Free WiFi
- Bar/lounge
- Elevator/lift
- 24-hour front desk
- Laundry facilities
- Meeting rooms 40
- Multilingual staff
- Luggage storage
- Restaurant
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Number of meeting rooms - 40
- Year Built 1997
- Conference center
- Self parking (surcharge)
- Sauna
- Smoke-free property
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Free Wi-Fi
- Laundry facilities
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Self parking (surcharge)
Room Amenities
- Premium TV channels
- Pay movies
- Coffee/tea maker
- Daily housekeeping
- Private bathroom
- Hair dryer
- Shower/tub combination
- Deep soaking bathtub
- Satellite TV service
- Iron/ironing board
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
- Room service
- Pillow menu
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Individually furnished
Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge and are served each morning between 6:30 AM and 10 AM.
Holiday Inn Helsinki Exhibit & Convention Center has a restaurant on site.
Room service is available.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include a sauna and a fitness center.
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
Hotel Policies
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-in time ends at midnight
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
- Pets allowed for an extra charge of EUR 15 per accommodation, per night
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- Minimum Spring Break check-in age is 18 years old.
No rollaway/extra beds available
Optional extras
- Fee for buffet breakfast: EUR 19,50 per person (approximately)
- Self parking fee: EUR 26 per night
- Pet fee: EUR 15 per accommodation, per night
Hotel Name
- Holiday Inn Exhibit
- Holiday Inn Exhibit Hotel
- Holiday Inn Exhibit Hotel Helsinki
- Holiday Inn Helsinki Exhibit
- Holiday Inn Helsinki Exhibit Hotel
We should mention
One child 18 years old or younger stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding. Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.
Kids Stay Free Promotion
Book a stay in any room or rate category for travel anytime and receive the following:
- Accommodations as selected
- Up to two children under 18 years old stay free when sharing a room with 2 adults (based on availability)
- Free breakfast, lunch, and dinner for children under 13 when an adult orders from the table d'hôte/à la carte menu