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Arianna Huffington: Sleep More, Work Less, and Win!
March 31 (Bloomberg) -- Huffington Post Media Group President Arianna Huffington discusses work and health in the digital age on Bloomberg Television's "Bloomberg West." (Source: Bloomberg) -- Subscribe to Bloomberg on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/Bloomberg "Bloomberg West" is the only daily news program focused exclusively on technology, innovation, and the future of business. Featuring Bloomberg's Emily Chang, Cory Johnson, and Jon Erlichman broadcasting live from Bloomberg's headquarters in San Francisco, the show covers the latest headlines and trends out of Silicon Valley, including earnings, product releases, startups, IPOs, venture capital, angel investing, social media and company news on tech titans such as Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Twitter, IBM, Samsung, Microsoft, HP, Dell, LinkedIn, Facebook, and more. Additionally, through live interviews and on-location reporting, "Bloomberg West" covers technology titans and leaders such as Tim Cook, Marissa Mayer, Sheryl Sandberg, Larry Page, Eric Schmidt, Reid Hoffman, Mark Zuckerberg, Jack Dorsey, Reed Hastings, Dick Costolo, and Jonah Peretti. "Bloomberg West" broadcasts twice daily at 1pm ET/10am PT and 6pm ET/3pm PT. For a complete compilation of Bloomberg West videos, visit: http://www.bloomberg.com/video/bloomberg-west/ Watch "Bloomberg West" on TV, on the Bloomberg smartphone app, on the Bloomberg TV + iPad app or on the web: http://bloomberg.com/tv Bloomberg Television offers extensive coverage and analysis of international business news and stories of global importance. It is available in more than 310 million households worldwide and reaches the most affluent and influential viewers in terms of household income, asset value and education levels. With production hubs in London, New York and Hong Kong, the network provides 24-hour continuous coverage of the people, companies and ideas that move the markets.


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Thomas Barthel (1923 January 04 Berlin–1997 April 03 Tübingen) was a German ethnologist who is best known for cataloguing the undeciphered rongorongo script of Easter Island.
Barthel grew up in Berlin and graduated from secondary school in 1940. During the Second World War, he worked as a cryptographer for the Wehrmacht. After the war he studied folklore, geography, and prehistory in Berlin, Hamburg, and Leipzig. He received his doctorate in Hamburg in 1952 with a thesis on Mayan writing. From 1953-1956 he was a Fellow of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, in 1957 a lecturer in Hamburg, and from 4 July 1957 to 1 February 1958 he was a guest researcher with the Institute for Easter Island Studies at the University of Chile.
In order to document rongorongo, Barthel visited most of the museums which housed the tablets, of which he made pencil rubbings. With this data he compiled the first corpus of the script, which he published as Grundlagen zur Entzifferung der Osterinselschrift in 1958. He was the first scholar to correctly identify anything in the texts: He showed that two lines in the Mamari tablet encode calendrical information.
In 1959 Barthel became Associate Professor of Ethnology at the University of Tübingen, and from 1964-1988 he was Professor of Ethnology. His primary research was in the folklore of the Americas. He bequeathed his rongorongo data to the CEIPP (Centre d'Études de l'Îles de Pâques et de la Polynésie), which is engaged in verifying and expanding on his work.
Published works Editar
- 1958a. Grundlagen zur Entzifferung der Osterinselschrift. Hamburg : Cram, de Gruyter.
- 1958b. "The 'Talking Boards' of Easter Island." Scientific American, 198:61-68
- 1971. Pre-contact Writing in Oceania. In: Current Trends in Linguistics 8:1165-1186. Den Haag, Paris: Mouton.
- 1978. The Eighth Land: The Polynesian Discovery & Settlement of Easter Island. Honolulu: the University Press of Hawaii.
- 1990. "Wege durch die Nacht (Rongorongo-Studien auf dem Santiagostab)", in Esen-Baur, Heide-Margaret (ed.), State and Perspectives of Scientific Research in Easter Island Culture. Courier Forschungsinstitute Senckeberg 125. Frankfurt am Mein: Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, 73-112. ISBN 3-510-61140-3Plantilla:Germany-bio-stub

subset: commoncrawl


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We've got a really (stupidly) long title on our forums, as I've found in the past that this has massively improved our SEO (at the sacrifice of the look).
Is there any way I can set it to be a smaller font or something when the site has been scaled down for mobile / tablet?
There's basically nothing useful above the fold in the mobile view at the moment.
Thanks for any input in advance.


text:
- draped
- draped draped adj.
1. covered with or as if with clothes or a wrap or cloak; as,
a beam draped with cobwebs. Contrasted with {uncovered}.
Syn: cloaked, clothed, mantled, wrapped. [WordNet 1.5]
2. curtained; -- of windows; as, velvet-draped windows. Opposite of {curtainless}. [PJC]
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.


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Valeska O'Leary
Boston, Massachusetts - USA
No approved endorsements
About Valeska O'Leary
I am an Information Architect consultant, who over the past ten years has enjoyed client relationships from leading global corporations to promising start-ups in a variety of industry verticals such as technology, healthcare, financial, telecommunications, and biotech.

I am an analytical and logical thinker specialized in transforming user experience with high impact creative solutions for web-based applications. My organizational skills and project management experience are assets when it comes to meeting tight deadlines and coordinating large projects. I have consistently participated in workshops and training seminars to keep abreast of the most recent methodologies. This range of versatility allows me to adapt to any design situation.

I am a member of the Usability Professionals' Association, The Institute for Information Architecture, and the Massachusetts Innovation and Technology Exchange, where I serve as Judge in several panels.

It's not a job to me. It's my career.

If you notice offensive or incorrect information, please contact us.
Rigo Ketelings
1.Ø FTE || F.ree, T.@


text:
Associated Press
Wednesday, December 31, 2003; Page A04
The Food and Drug Administration made it official again yesterday: The anthrax vaccine is safe and effective, no matter how the infection is spread.
The ruling comes a week after a federal judge halted the military's anthrax inoculations, saying he thought the vaccine was experimental if used to prevent inhaled anthrax instead of the through-the-skin form.
The Justice Department, citing the FDA's ruling, asked U.S. District Judge Emmet G. Sullivan to set aside his preliminary ban, except for the six plaintiffs who filed a class-action suit against the Defense Department to stop the vaccinations. As an alternative, the department asked that the court set aside its ruling pending an appeal.
"The longer such an injunction remains in place, the greater is the danger to the men and women of our armed forces and to our military preparedness," the department said. "Prolonged cessation of the inoculation program would gravely threaten the safety of more and more service members."
Mark Zaid, one of the lawyers representing the service members who sued the government, said the FDA rule "is nothing more than after-the-fact gamesmanship to overrule the court's findings."
The vaccine has been government-approved for sale since 1970, and its label says it protects regardless of the route of anthrax exposure, which FDA officials have repeatedly stressed. The agency published a formal regulation yesterday restating the approval -- a bureaucratic step decades in the making that does not change the vaccine's sales status.


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7 Cool Things We Saw at Phoenix's First Friday in January
Detail of Mary Shindell drawing featured in "Inflection Point" at Five15 Arts.
Lynn Trimble
Cold weather did little to deter the party atmosphere as colorful club-style lights and music blared along Roosevelt Row during the first First Friday of the year, although things were considerably calmer in some other parts of the Phoenix arts scene. Never fear if you missed it, because most of our cool finds will still be up when Third Friday rolls around -- so you'll have another chance to check them out.
Drawings by Mary Shindell
We loved seeing drawings by Mary Shindell featured in her solo "Inflection Point" exhibition at Five15 Arts, a galley that looks deceptively unassuming from the outside but drew a steady stream of people during much of our time spent in Roosevelt Row. Often gallery visitors asked about her process in creating the four large-scale and eight small-scale works on view -- including several that reflect a series of stages in working with a digital mash-up of topography for the Estrella Mountains and the moon. Our favorite hangs in the front of the gallery, lit from below by lights that capture the shadows of gallery goers as they make their way through the space.
See also: 5 New Year's Resolutions for Artists in Metro Phoenix
Jewelry by Tym Hall spotted at Marsiglia Gallery.
Lynn Trimble
Jewelry by Tym Hall
We spotted plenty of intriguing jewelry at Gallery Marsiglia, where our favorites included this piece by Tym Hall. The Grand Avenue Arts and Small Business District was pretty quiet, which meant we had more opportunities to enjoy long conversations with artists and gallery owners. We loved learning how gallery owner Gloria Marsiglia makes some of her sparkling pieces, and hearing about her work with youth in the "Seeds for Autism" program that fosters job skills related to the arts.
One of several Mike Frick works we spotted at ThirdSpace.
Lynn Trimble
If you found something amazing by Mike Frick
Recently ThirdSpace decked the walls with whimsical, sometimes irreverent works by Mike Frick, which depict everything from a perfectly innocent-looking polar bear to a crowd of people coupled with text about passing a drug screening test. We were disappointed to discover that vendors who'd planned to ply their wares there during January First Friday had an apparent change of heart, but mostly bummed we didn't learn of ThirdSpace tomato basil soup and grilled cheese offerings until long after we'd walked our way through the coldest night of the year.
The Social Order by Brittany Butler spotted at Oasis on Grand.
Lynn Trimble
The Social Order by Brittany Butler
After checking out Butler's funky jewelry at Oasis on Grand, we spent some time exploring her other works - including a nifty pair called The Social Order and Self-Portrait #1, which sport combinations of materials (think oil paint with wood chips or brushwood) we don't come across all that often. We also had fun watching Kristine Brambilla do some serious splatter painting on an interior wall of one of the studio spaces.
Works by Laura Cohen-Hogan spotted at Studio 6 at The Artery.
Lynn Trimble
Desert nudes by Laura Cohen-Hogan
We had a blast exploring The Artery, a collective gallery located at 623 East Indian School Road in Phoenix off the beaten path of First Friday staples like Roosevelt Row. Several artists have studio space in an adjacent upstairs space called Studio 6, where we got to poke around, chat with various artists, and spy all sorts of work in progress. Plenty of works intrigued us, but Cohen-Hogan's nude figures with a cactus vibe are especially cool. We're pretty keen on her round painted, resin-coated tabletops, too. And yup, they come in sans clothing varieties too. Cohen-Hogan says it bodes well for the local arts scene that folks are becoming more accepting of naked bodies depicted in art.
Untitled I by Dewey Nelson exhibited at {9} The Gallery.
Lynn Trimble
Wood panels by Dewey Nelson
We found Dewey Nelson chatting with friends on a fab black modernist couch at {9} The Gallery Friday night, but eventually got a chance to talk with the artist while checking out several pieces of jewelry including rings, wrist cuffs, and earrings made with yellow feathers. Our favorite works in Nelson's solo exhibition included Dewey's Untitled I created with acrylic and graphite, but we also loved panels sporting geometric patterns -- including one made with gold leaf.
Works by Denise Fleisch spotted at Lotus Contemporary Art.
Lynn Trimble
Paintings by Denise Fleisch
Fleisch often exhibits works by other artists in her Lotus Contemporary Art gallery, so we were happy to find her own new works, including the trio spotted here, hanging throughout the space. The Phoenix native says she's smitten with sunsets, mountains, and desert textures, and prefers to use a "bright and healthy color palette." Typically she works in oil on canvas, applying many layers of transparent paint to create her abstract works.
Related Locations
515 E. Roosevelt St.
Phoenix, AZ 85004
1018 Grand Ave.
Phoenix, AZ 85007
1028 Grand Ave.
Phoenix, AZ 85007
1501 Grand Ave.
Phoenix, AZ 85007
1229 Grand Ave.
Phoenix, AZ 85007
511 E. Roosevelt St.
Phoenix, AZ 85004
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Southern sensation Nayantara is dating director Vignesh Shivan. Reports of their relationship were doing the round for quite sometime but only recently it got confirmed. Their first public appearance together at the award function in Singapore put a stamp on their relationship. They came together
Kahani Chandrakanta Ki 11/03/11
In Shivgarh Chunnilal shares his planning with Karnail and Kaajal..... Chunnilall plans to kill Maharaj Virendra Singh in jungle.....At the other side Yuvraaj Indrajeet Singh comes to know that Tara Singh is killed..... He is shattered...... Maharaj Virendra Singh goes to jungle with his soldiers and comes across Kaajal.... Kaajal tells him a fake story to get his sympathy..... Chunnilaal orders his men to kill Virendra Singh but his plan misfires and at the right time Maakhan Singh arrives and saves Maharaaj Virendra Singh's life....
Tollywood's leading heroine Nayantara will romance superstar Chiranjeevi in his 150th film which is a Telugu remake of the superhit film, AR Murugadoss's Tamil film 'Kaththi'. However, Tollywood director VV Vinayak will be directing the Telugu version. According to the latest report,
With wedding rumor went viral on net, director Vignesh Shivan in a text message to Times of India dismissed getting married to south sensation Nayantara. "Marriage rumours are insane and not true. Such false rumours sabotage the work flow and disturbs personally too", said Vignesh Shivan.


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Todd Hoffman, the Oregonian who became well-known for the hit Discovery Channel show, "Gold Rush," has started a Los Angeles-based TV production company. Full story »
Dean Devlin. whose Electric Entertainment has filmed "Leverage" and "The Librarians" in Portland, is excited about directing "Dr. Who" star David Tennant in the Portland-set movie, "Bad Samaritan." Full story »
Eva Longoria's production company and John Rogers, who created the filmed-in-Portland series "Leverage" and was an executive producer/writer for "The Librarians," are developing a "Magnum P.I." sequel TV series for ABC. Full story »
Which shows did readers vote as their favorites to come back? "Firefly"? "Pushing Daisies"? "Forever"? We've got the results from our poll. Full story »
Filmed-in-Portland 'Leverage' based a bad guy on the convicted Ponzi schemer supporting Donald TrumpFilmed-in-Portland 'Leverage' based a bad guy on the convicted Ponzi schemer supporting Donald Trump"Leverage" co-creator John Rogers says one of the villains on the filmed-in-Portland TNT series was partly inspired by Steven Hoffenberg, a convicted Ponzi schemer who's now declaring that his super PAC is supporting Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump. Full story »
You know about "Grimm" and "Portlandia," but here are 18 TV shows you may not know took place in Oregon (though most of them weren't filmed here.) Full story »
The filmed-in-Portland fantasy/adventure "The Librarians," returns for Season 2 with more unpretentious, family-friendly fun about a team that knows magic is real, and is charged with trying to keep precious artifacts safe from bad guys. Full story »
Christian Kane, who returns in "The Librarians" Season 2 Nov. 1 on TNT, has plenty of experience as a part-time Portlander, having filmed "Leverage" here before shooting "The Librarians." Full story »
Over the past decade, Oregon has seen the TV series "Grimm," "Portlandia" and "The Librarians" filming here, along with the movie "Wild." But as states compete to offer incentives to lure TV and movie productions, some wonder whether such programs are a good deal for taxpayers. Full story »
Milwaukie twin brothers Chris and Skylar Besaw have worked at their family hardware store since the age of 10 and believe that work ethic translates into football success. Full story »


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In reviewing equipment offered by both U.S. and EU manufacturers at the 2017 IPPE and at the Midwest Poultry Federation Convention it is evident that our 'cage-free' market is now characterized by five distinctly different systems each with its own advantages and features relating to density, acceptability by flocks, and contribution to performance.
The most important considerations weighed by potential purchasers relates to acceptability by customers. It is indeed unfortunate that decision makers among the major supermarkets, wholesale-club and QSR chains have little experience in production. They are frequently misguided by self-appointed welfare experts or they misinterpret published or posted data.
This may have profound implications for a producer intending to supply a chain based on a short-term arrangement but with a financial commitment to a system of upwards of 15 years.
US feed and livestock producers should carefully monitor mycotoxin contamination in ingredients and feed, based on results in the latest BIOMIN Mycotoxin Survey.
For 2016 in the United States, a total of 387 corn samples sourced from over 26 different states and 79 DDGS samples sourced from 14 different states were analyzed in three different laboratories (Romer Labs Inc., USA; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Iowa State University, USA; Activation Laboratories, Canada) in order to identify the presence and potential risk posed to livestock animal production by six major mycotoxin groups.
The survey results provide an insight to the prevalence of aflatoxins (Afla), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FUM), T-2 toxin (T-2), and ochratoxin A (OTA).In total, 387 corn samples and 79 distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) samples were sourced from across the US in 2016. Approximately 90% of corn samples and all DDGS samples tested positive for at least one mycotoxin.
"The mycotoxin threat was higher in 2016 than in 2015," stated Dr Raj Murugesan, Technical and Marketing Director of BIOMIN America.
"Deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FUM) and zearalenone (ZEN) in particular present a potential risk to livestock animal production. This gives greater importance to regular monitoring of feed, crops, and silages," he added.
2016 US corn highlights:
"All three major toxins (DON, FUM, and ZEN) have an increased prevalence in US corn harvested in 2016 in comparison to 2015," said Dr Erika Hendel, Swine Technical Manager at BIOMIN.
2016 US DDGS highlights:
"Rainfall during the silking period for the 2016 crop along with warmer average temperatures are likely to have contributed to greater Fusarium fungi growth," explained Dr Murugesan. Fusarium fungi can produce several mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FUM) and zearalenone (ZEN).
Impacts on livestock
The presence of mycotoxins is associated with poorer feed quality, impaired animal performance and health challenges. "Certain combinations of mycotoxins are known to have synergistic effects," warned Dr Murugesan. He added "that means an intensified negative impact on animals, even at reasonably low levels."
The annual BIOMIN Mycotoxin Survey constitutes the longest running and most comprehensive survey of its kind, using advanced analytic tools on more than 16,000 samples taken from 81 countries worldwide. Over 60,000 analyses were conducted to identify the presence and potential risk posed to livestock animal production.
Bill Snow, an acknowledged expert on management of aviary systems for rearing pullets and for egg production has authored a guide incorporating his experience with Big Dutchman installations.
Topics considered include lighting, feeding, ventilation, egg collection and maintaining litter quality among other considerations.
EGG-CITE has reproduced the article which contains valuable principles and recommendations for the benefit of subscribers.
View the article at as a presentation at
Or download as a PDF file at
In a recent presentation at the Institute for Food Technologists 2016 Annual Meeting, the Clean Label Revolution was reviewed based on a study conducted by C+R Research. The project funded by the IFT included a survey of 1,000 U.S. consumers of whom 7 in 10 claimed to read labels on a regular basis.
To understand the influence of age demographics on response to labels, the following age definitions are generally accepted:-
The C+R study classified consumers into four group according to their approach to labels:
The study showed that specific nutrients are of concern to different age demographics. Sugar is a factor however common to all generations. Sodium is important to boomers, trans fat to Generation X'ers and boomers and the descriptor "all natural" to millennials and Generation X'ers
Boomers who have more health concerns based on their age and in many cases have more time to shop indicated that they are concentrating on specific foods based on labels.
Of interest from the study is the surprising finding that over a third of those surveyed did not consider GM status as affecting their purchased decisions. This finding was common across all four generations.
The most important label indications influencing the purchase decision included sugar, sodium, fat, preservatives, artificial sweeteners and trans fat. Attributes or nutrients of less concern included probiotics, prebiotics and organic status.
During a recent vacation visit Spain the opportunity arose to review eggs in supermarkets and urban produce markets which cater to a high proportion of city residents.
Spain is the 4th largest producer of eggs in the EU, currently with approximately 45 million hens based on egg production as documented in the GAIN Report (SP1538) released on October 28, 2015.
The hen population has fluctuated over the past six years. In 2010, Germany banned conventional cages approximately two years before the EU deadline. This necessitated importation of eggs from Holland and Spain with a resulting rise in the number of hens to 52 million. Following installation of new housing in Germany, demand for imports fell negatively impacting producers in Spain. At the present time there are approximately 1,150 egg farms with an average of 40,000 hens in each facility with 90 percent held in enriched colony modules.
Spain did receive a benefit from the 2015 U.S. outbreak of avian influenza which impacted the breaking industry disproportionately to shell eggs. Between late June and early October, USDA Agricultural Marketing Services issued import licenses for approximately 12 million dozen eggs for breaking, representing approximately one-third of U.S. imports of breaking stock. Given the restoration of flock numbers in 2016 and the consequential collapse in the price of breaking stock, exports to the U.S. have ceased. In 2014, the USDA-FAS estimated a net export of 147,000 metric ton of eggs from Spain representing 204 million dozen.
The downturn in the EU economy has apparently reduced consumption from 239 eggs per capita to 206 in 2013 constituting a 14 percent decline. The net result of decreased exports to the U.S. and European nations together with competition from the Ukraine has produced a crisis with extreme competition among producers and cooperatives for the available market. The combined effect of reduced exports to Germany together with a shortage of capital to replace conventional cages resulted in a reduction in flock size from 51 million in 2010 to 39 million in 2013. Some relief has been gained through developing export markets outside the EU including North Africa. There has been an increase in the production and shipment of egg products to alleviate the over- production of shell eggs.
The following images illustrate packaging at the supermarket level with prices converted to U.S. $ per dozen.
Eggs displayed at the St Joseph Market Barcelona. Price range $1.70 dozen on 30-egg tray upwards
Eggs displayed at the Barcelona El Corte Ingles supermarket. Not refrigerated
Roig Brand 6-pack in plastic with cardboard sleeve incorporating a handle $5.50 dozen
Pazo de Vilane free-range brand in cardboard 6-pack $6.60 dozen
El Corte Ingles private-brand generics in PET carton with sleeve. $3.56 dozen
Coren Free Range 6=pack in fibrer with outer sleeve $4.20 dozen
Finca Arcadia Organic with printed paper overwrap $6.60 dozen
In compliance with EU regulations all eggs packed commercially in Spain are stamped with an inkjet code.
The 67th North Central Avian Disease Conference together with the 2016 Midwest Poultry Federation Convention held in Saint Paul, MN in mid-March provided an opportunity for veterinarians representing the egg industry and academia to review lesson learned from the 2015 epornitic.
Characterization and Epidemiology of the H5N2 AI Virus
Dr. David L. Suarez of the USDA-ARS Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory reviewed aspects of the H5N2 virus responsible for the 2015 outbreak. This virus was classified as a Eurasian clade 18.104.22.168. Initially the virus was introduced by migratory waterfowl and occurred predominantly in wild birds in early 2015. The strains which were isolated in January 2015 required a high mean infectious dose for chickens and seroconversion in survivors was not pronounced suggesting that the infective viruses were poorly adapted to chickens. Subsequently as viruses adapted to chickens in massive populations during outbreaks, the mean death time was reduced and infectivity was enhanced.
Dr. Suarez commented on vaccination as a last-resort control strategy. Commercial vaccines in April and May were not homologous with the field strain of H5N2. By the time that two additional vaccines which were matched antigenically to the field virus were available, the outbreak had ceased.
Dr. Henry Wan of the College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University discussed the epidemiology of avian influenza in China. In 1992 an H9N2 low pathogenicity avian influenza virus emerged in Southern China and became endemic in the region. Subsequently in 1996, H5 viruses with diverse neuraminidase (N) antigens emerged followed by H7N9 in 2013 and H6 viruses in 2010. Backyard poultry was infected by wild birds but rapid antigenic and genetic evolution occurred among all viruses including H9N2 and H5N1. China introduced nationwide vaccination in 2004 which has suppressed clinical outbreaks in commercial flocks. Failure to eradicate avian influenza viruses has led to infection of human contacts especially associated with live-bird markets. There is little prospect for eradication of avian influenza in subsistence and large-scale commercial flocks in China. Suppression of clinical infection applying vaccines coupled with the live-bird marketing system and suboptimal biosecurity will perpetuate infection and result in the evolution of new recombinant serotypes.
A number of papers were presented at the 2016 International Poultry Science Forum held concurrently with the International Poultry and Processing Expo considered aspects of egg production. Summaries of the abstracts are provided for the benefit subscribers:
Salmonella RESEARCH
M15, ACCESSING THE IMPACT OF EGG SWEATING ON Salmonella ENTERITIDIS PENETRATION INTO SHELL EGGS. J. Gradl et al. Auburn University.
A collaborative study was undertaken at Auburn University, North Carolina State University and the USDA, ARS. The objective was to determine if condensation on the surface of an egg following transfer from a cold room to ambient temperature ("sweating") contributed to penetration of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) from the shell surface into the egg contents. After inoculation with a 108 SE suspension, eggs were transferred from storage at 4C to 32C for 80 minutes.
Shell rinse, shell emulsion and egg contents were enumerated. The recovery of SE was related to duration of storage with higher levels in shell rinses from the inoculated eggs during weeks 1 through 3 days post contamination. No SE was detected in shell emulsion or egg contents. SE on the shell surface declined sharply due to refrigeration over the duration of the trial.
It is possible that SE is deposited on the shell of eggs during passage through the coprodeum and cloaca in hens with colonized intestinal tracts. If the shell is intact, penetration will not occur. Thorough washing of eggs using a chlorine-based sanitizer should destroy any SE present on the surface under commercial conditions. Maintaining a cold chain at 42F should inhibit proliferation of any Salmonella present on the surface after washing. It is however necessary to detect and remove eggs with cracked shells since these represent a risk of egg penetration and if subsequently subjected to thermal abuse, could be a source of egg-borne infection.
M16, DETERMINATION OF THE ROUTE OF CHALLENGE AND EVENTUAL COLONIZATION IN SITES OF SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS WHEN CHICKS ARE INOCULATED ON DAY ZERO. Chadwick, E. V. et al Auburn University
This trial was conducted on broiler chicks but the findings are applicable to replacement egg-laying pullets. Routes of inoculation comprised exposure to SE through feed, or day-old intra- tracheal, oral, cloacal and subcutaneous infection. On days 32 through 36, subjects were euthanized and attempts were made to re-isolate SE from various organs and muscle tissue. Irrespective of inoculation route, SE was recovered from all tissue samples. Feed inoculation resulted in the highest levels of recovery in the crop, cecum, cloaca and bursal tissue at levels of up to 80 percent. This study showed that feed is an important source of SE and presumably other Salmonella. Contaminated feed increases the probability of colonization of organs with Salmonella. Appropriate suppression of Salmonella in feed is therefore indicated using available approved organic acid additives.
P220, COMPARISON OF 3M MOLECULAR DETECTION ASSAY AND ANSR ASSAY FOR Salmonella COMPARED TO THE FDA BAM METHOD FOR RAPID DETECTION OF Salmonella FROM EGG PRODUCTS. Hu, L et al U.S.FDA and Oklahoma State University.
Rapid detection using the 3M Molecular Detection Assay and the ANSR Salmonella methods to detect Salmonella in egg products was as effective as the FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual Procedure. It was concluded that with appropriate enrichment, loop-mediated isothermal amplification which selectively increases the level of bacterial DNA in a sample is effective to detect a range of Salmonella stereotypes including Heidelburg and Typhimurium.
Dr. John McCarty
Dr. John McCarty, Senior Veterinarian, Merial, Inc.
Dr. John McCarty has prepared a practical article dealing with control of coccidiosis in broiler growing with reference to winter conditions. Successful application of vaccines requires appropriate administration and structured monitoring as described.
Coccidiosis can have an enormous impact on broiler performance which is most often reflected in reduced weight gain and decreased feed efficiency. It is considered to be the most costly pathogen challenge in modern broiler production in the U.S. While coccidiosis is a year-round problem, cold weather conditions can result in changes in the ecology in a broiler house that lead to increased cocci challenge.
When the weather cools and the houses tighten up, disease challenge tends to increase in the chicken house. As ventilation is decreased to help conserve heat, more moisture remains in the house. The increased moisture, especially in the litter, favors increased bacterial, viral, and cocci load.
Coccidia need moisture and heat for the oocysts to sporulate. Once these are sporulated, oocysts become infective to the chicken. The increase in moisture can lead to greater sporulation of the oocyst population. And, as more of the oocysts sporulate, birds are faced with a heavier cocci challenge.
The use of coccidiosis vaccines can help influence the nature of the load. Continued use of vaccines helps dilute the wild cocci population with a vaccine strain. In particular, vaccines with precocious strains place minimal stress on the bird while at the same time providing adequate stimulation for immunity development, and the bird can be protected with less stress.
The nature of the precocious strain vaccines allows for the increase of sporulation to be less detrimental, since the number of oocysts shed are less when compared to non-precocious strains of cocci. Even though there are fewer numbers of oocyst with the precocious strains of vaccine, the number present is still more than adequate to stimulate proper and complete immunity.
Coccidiosis control also helps minimize disease challenge from other organisms. A critical one when it comes to gut health is clostridia. Disruption of the intestinal lining, such
as that caused by coccidiosis, provides opportunity for clostridial organisms to infect the gut and to cause disease such as necrotic enteritis. By reducing the level of coccidiosis, less disruption in the gut provides less opportunity for clostridial infection. This would also help the bird regarding nonspecific enteritis, both clinical and subclinical.
Sporulating Oocysts require heat
and moisture to develop in litter
There are many ways to prepare for the cooler months, but assuring proper cocci control prior to the onset of cold weather will keep a low cocci load in the house. Then, the use of a precocious vaccine strain during these months of the year allows for minimal stress on the bird's digestive system while still providing optimum immunity against cocci.
It will also be important to continually monitor the cocci challenge. Doing routine postings of broilers to assure there is proper cycling helps confirm that the vaccine is doing its job of developing proper immunity.
Anitox will present independent research at the IPPE in January, supporting feed treatment as a potential control point in preventing contamination with avian influenza virus (AIV) and offering producers a possible additional modality against AI. Dr. Rick Phillips and Dr. Gino Lorenzoni of Anitox and Dr. Haroldo Toro of Auburn University will share details of the latest research at the Anitox Breakfast Symposium at the IPPE in Atlanta, on Tuesday January 26th.
Tickets for the event are available by E-mailing <email@example.com>.
The recent outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza which affected large in-line egg production units has resulted in upgrading Structural Biosecurity although at face value greater emphasis is currently placed on Operational Biosecurity. It is axiomatic that capital investment in improvements including impervious roads, fences, vehicle wash stations and biosecurity modules for personnel is required before effective Operational Biosecurity can be implemented. Following the 1983/4 outbreak of H5N2 highly pathogenic avian influenza in Pennsylvania, there was a transitory interest in upgrading biosecurity although the cosmetic and superficial changes effected over the past thirty years obviously were inadequate to prevent the spread of the reassortant H5N2 infection after introduction into areas with a high density of poultry during the spring of 2015.
Many of the decisions made concerning investment are influenced by practices in other countries, subjective evaluation and knowledge from the epidemiology of catastrophic infections with an emphasis on the modes of transmission. Evaluating the economic impact of investment in biosecurity was outlined in a publication in Avian Diseases in 1987* In this article, investment in three levels of biosecurity was evaluated for broiler breeder flocks against four categories of disease ranging from mild to catastrophic with a range of probabilities of infection. Realistic costs and assumed values relating to infection were used to determine the justification for investment of capital in Structural Biosecurity and enhanced Operational Biosecurity. Essentially it was demonstrated that with severe and catastrophic diseases, investment in effective levels of biosecurity generated a positive benefit to cost ratio even at low probabilities of infection such as one outbreak in twenty years.
The question of the degree to which producers should invest to limit the probability of introduction of HPAI into a complex is the subject of a boiler-plate, hypothetical complex of one-million hens. It is estimated that the losses attributed to an outbreak of HPAI involving complete depopulation of a unit might exceed $10 million. This figure is based on the difference between the value of flocks and the quantum of Federal compensation; expenditure on disposal of dead birds; decontamination of the facility; loss of income during the long pre-repopulation period and loss of goodwill. It is noted that following outbreaks of HPAI, the wholesale price for eggs increases sharply, providing enhanced margins for unaffected farms and magnifying the potential loss borne by producers who are affected.
For the purposes of calculation, it is assumed that a one-million hen complex would suffer losses amounting to $10 million following exposure to HPAI. Two levels of capital expenditure for Structural Biosecurity were considered. Respectively, these would cost either $50,000, which would provide a 50 percent level of protection in the event of exposure or $200,000 involving more sophisticated installations, which would provide an 80 percent level of protection.
The probability of exposure of a complex or farm can range from zero with no challenge, to unity (1.0) which means an absolute certainty of exposure in a given time period.
The projected loss following exposure, considering each of the two levels of biosecurity can be calculated from the numerical value incorporating the financial consequences of infection, the probability of exposure and the level of protection.
As reports have become available EGG-CITE has posted items relating to infections associated with consumption of raw milk. The retro-movement favoring raw milk parallels backyard egg production since both sources of food are devoid of safety measures required to prevent foodborne infection. Dr Catharina Berge a friend and colleague who is a highly qualified veterinarian with advanced degrees from the U.S. and her native Europe, and an accomplished athlete took exception to my comments. Accordingly she is afforded the opportunity to respond and defend her position which is reproduced in the rebuttal below
University of California, Davis. Pastured Hen Project
As the co-directors of the UC Davis Pastured Poultry Farm we read your op-ed in Egg-Cite on December 4th with much interest.
In general, it appears that you believe that our project seeks to re-create a 19th century poultry production practice and hence "hardly requires the involvement" of a university. Your assertion is simply wrong; our goal is to re-create these systems using 21st century technology to improve production, welfare, food safety, predator control, biosecurity, farmer ergonomics and management and environmental management.
Examples of this are:
• We are developing Bluetooth-enabled temperature, moisture and light sensors to transmit data remotely to a $35 computer inside the coop. The data then can be transmitted to a "cloud"-based system that also captures data submitted by farmers using a "Google form."
• In addition, we are researching the use of hyperspectral imaging to better understand pasture management via the generation of Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI).
Both of these examples may seem impractical, but with open-source data analysis tools and cost effective electronics (e.g., our computer was $35), these techniques have significant potential to improve production. This is not "re-inventing the wheel" as you suggest.
In short, a university is essential from an innovation, research and outreach perspective to address challenges in pastured poultry production and "integrative farming" (i.e., where the land is used for both livestock/poultry and field crops). We have faculty in Civil and Environmental Engineering, Plant Sciences, Animal Sciences and Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology and Cooperative Extension working jointly to research these systems, come up with practical innovations and extend that knowledge domestically and internationally.
While these systems may not "feed the world" they are becoming more and more common. As an extension veterinarian at a land grant university, it is my responsibility to work with these farmers who have traditionally not utilized all the resources that cooperative extension offers. Furthermore, while conventional poultry production is indeed more efficient, the idea that conventional production will solve all the world's problems is not currently attainable in "food desserts" and in parts of the developing world. Alternative systems offer other options that should be considered.
To address one other point you made that was inaccurate: Your statement that our density is 1 bird per 1,400 square feet is incorrect. In fact you incorrectly extrapolated the amount of land we are using and what the maximum size of our flock could be. In fact, based on current practices and guidelines from certifiers the number of birds per square feet range from four square feet per bird to 108 square feet per bird.
Hypothesis driven research is badly needed to address problems related to predator control, biosecurity, production efficiency and food safety among other issues. Applying 21st technology to address these challenges will have a positive impact on non-conventional poultry production locally, regionally and globally
Dr. Maurice Pitesky DVM, MPVM, Dipl. ACVPM
Assistant Specialist in Cooperative Extension
UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine
Poultry Health and Food Safety Epidemiology
Dr. Deb Niemeier, Ph.D, P.E.
UC Davis Department of Engineering
Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Director: Sustainable Design Academy
Based on the epidemiologic information emanating from research on the recent outbreak of HPAI in the upper Midwest, and following site visits to clients, the attached draft biosecurity scoresheets are provided for the guidance of Subscribers to EGG-CITE.
It is necessary to evaluate biosecurity according to a hierarchy and accordingly separate pages are provided for conceptual biosecurity, structural biosecurity and operational biosecurity. A fourth page deals with complexes receiving feed from a mill not located on the complex.
The concept of the biosecurity evaluation relates to assessing the risk of introduction of disease into an operation and the subsequent dissemination of disease among complexes. A maximum score would be assigned if there was no appropriate conceptual approach, structural installations or operational procedure.
The auditor would assign a facility score less than the maximum risk score based on experience and comparisons among U.S. egg-production operations. For example any specific complex in Darke County, OH. or Sioux County, IA. would probably be assigned a score of 200 for "population density" since these areas have a high concentration of hens and turkeys operated by different companies located in close proximity. In contrast an isolated complex in Arizona or Utah would be assigned a score of 0 to 10 on population density since it is the only facility with commercial poultry within 250 miles. It is therefore obvious that facilities which operate with a high level of conceptual, structural and operational biosecurity will have low risk scores compared to what may be regarded as the maximum value of risk given the provisional scoring.
Catch cup watering systems present an additional biofilm challenge that is not found in non-catch cup watering systems. The purpose of a catch cup is to "catch" some of the water that is spilled during the drinking process from nipples that discharge more water than the birds can retain in their beaks.
Catch cups are open and shared water vessels. As such, they are a perfect environment for harboring pathogens and creating a biofilm and the means by which the disease can be spread quickly from one bird to the next. The use of vitamins, electrolytes and other nutrient enriched water interventions only feeds and sustains the biofilm and elevates pathogen levels. The ongoing danger of this is that when birds drink this contaminated catch cup water, bird health and bird performance is compromised.
Additionally, it is virtually impossible to maintain hygienic catch cups during the production cycle, which is not the case with enclosed non-catch cup type watering systems.To strip away and fully remove biofilm in catch cups requires manually cleaning every individual cup with a cleaning agent, a process that can only take place between production cycles. High pressure flushing and cleaning to remove biofilm from interior walls of the pipes during the production cycle will do nothing to help strip biofilm from the catch cups.
Some producers try to manage this problem associated with catch cups by putting high concentrations of chlorine in the water, thinking the super-chlorinated water spilled into the catch cups will help sanitize the cups as well. However, super-chlorination will corrode watering system components, resulting in premature replacement of drinkers without having any beneficial effects in terms of removing biofilm from the catch cups.
Utilizing a fully enclosed nipple type watering system without catch cups can eliminate this problem altogether.
Posted on June 13, 2013 by Joedi
Corrosion can ruin your poultry watering equipment more quickly than anything else. Taking steps to prevent and reduce corrosion is an important management objective to keep replacement costs from eroding too much of your bottom line.
Many producers regularly inject chlorine and/or acidifiers into the watering system in an attempt to kill bacteria and viruses in the water. However, chlorine and acidifiers can damage the metal and plastic parts of the drinker
We know of one producer who had to replace every drinker in his poultry house twice in less than a year because his acidification program was too aggressive. That cost him about $4,000! Not good ROI.
Producers originally began using acidifiers because the acid reduces the pH in a bird's crop, making the gut less hospitable to bacteria and improving digestion in young birds. Producers then began using acidifiers as agents to clean the drinker lines and found that keeping the pH of the water below 7 acidifies the birds' crops while also killing bacteria in the drinker line. Researchers also determined that chlorine used as a sanitizer is more effective when the pH of drinking water is between 6.0 and 6.8.
A hearing on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) before the Senate Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry Committee under the chairmanship of Pat Roberts (R-KS) took place on The July 7th. The two-hour session was characterized by a reasoned and accurate recounting of facts and incorporated a candid assessment of the future by Dr. John Clifford, Chief Veterinary Officer of the USDA and Dr. David Swayne, Director of the Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory (SEPRL)-ARS-USDA.
Testimony was also provided by Jim Dean, Chairman of United Egg Producers, Brad Moline representing the National Turkey Federation, Ken Klippen of Egg Farmers of America and Dr. Thomas Elam an agricultural economist who reviewed the financial impact of the 2015 HPAI outbreak.
The Spring 2015 H5N2 outbreak in the upper Midwest was the most extensive and costly animal health emergency in the history of the U.S. It is now evident that the disease has been contained with no new cases reported for 20 days.
From the outset, clear and unequivocal messages from the USDA, state officials and the CDC were instrumental in reassuring the public that the infection was not transmissible to humans and the virus was not carried on eggs or turkey meat entering the food chain. In his testimony, Dr. Clifford emphasized that the outbreak did not impose any risk to either food safety or public health.
On Friday 12th June, the USDA presented their weekly progress report on control and eventual eradication of HPAI. Topics reviewed included the current situation, investigations of the epidemiology of the current outbreak and contingency planning for future outbreaks.
No new outbreaks were detected during the week ending June 12th in either commercial turkeys or laying hens. Depopulation is proceeding well but flocks are still being processed from the most recent outbreaks in Nebraska.
Disposal of caged flocks in Iowa with the largest number of birds euthanized is moving ahead with two landfills now accepting bagged hens. Two small incinerators are in operation with a third unit due to come on line. At this time among layer chickens and pullets, 7.5 percent of all flocks depopulated are pending disposal with 4.4 percent in Nebraska and 2 percent in Iowa involving four and three premises respectively. Losses to date represent 10 percent of average layer inventory and five percent of average pullet inventory.
Backyard flocks and hatcheries distributing eggs and chicks still represent a potential problem. One operation in Iowa recently shipped fertile eggs and chicks to 35 states in 100 consignments.
Peter Mumm
EGG-CITE had the opportunity to discuss the formation of Hendrix-ISA, LLC with the GM, Peter Mumm at a recent industry meeting. The items discussed are of interest to the readership of EGG-CITE and the U.S. egg production industry.
EGG-CITE: Peter, please provide a brief outline of your background in our Industry
Peter Mumm: I graduated in 1994 from the University of Wisconsin majoring in poultry science. During my high school and university education I worked during summers on farms and recognized that I wanted to make chickens my career. Over the past 20 years I have worked for a number of companies including Creekwood Farms, Dean's Eggs, Primera Foods, Daylay and have spent the last seven years as the Director of Operations of Midwest Foods Association .
EGGCITE: You are now the General Manager of a new company Hendrix-ISA, LLC. What led to the formation of this enterprise?
Peter Mumm: The Company was founded in January 2015 out of the realization that as a primary breeder, Hendrix Genetics required a substantial and stable presence in the U.S. to ensure consistency of production and quality. Expansion also required considerable capital investment. Accordingly after negotiations, it was agreed that Hendrix would acquire the production facilities and hatcheries of the Midwest Foods Association and follow the model used by the other primary breeder by integrating forward into parent stock. I would add that Hendrix Genetics' turkey division, Hybrid Turkeys has followed a similar program, with their contract production agreement with Ag Forte.
The use of a vaccine as an adjunct to existing control measures in the face of devastating mortality from H5N2 highly pathogenic avian influenza implies a consideration of available vaccines. CEVA Vectormune HVT-AIV is reviewed for the benefit of subscribers to EGG-CITE the key facts are summarized:-
Characteristics of the CEVA Vectormune HVT-AIV Vaccine
Subscribers are referred to the EGG-CITE Editorial on May 15th which reviewed the benefits and negative considerations relating to a change in APHIS policy to allow vaccination.
* Kapczynski, D. et al Vaccine protection of chickens against antigenically diverse H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza isolates with a live HVT vector vaccine expressing the influenza hemagglutinin gene derived from a clade 2.2avian influenza. Vaccine. 33:1197-1205 (2015)
Wildlife biologist affiliated the USDA will commence trapping rodent, small mammals and free- living birds on farms in Iowa to determine whether they are possible carries of avian influenza. The project will be coupled with an epidemiologic investigation of the current epornitic of HPAI.
EGG-CITE has previously advocated a comprehensive epidemiologic survey to determine the risk factors associated with outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza strain H5N2 on turkey farms and on large egg-production complexes.
Trapping rodents on a farm which has been infected with HPAI will not be very helpful since the quantum of virus shed from over 2 million hens will ensure saturation of the environment. The findings as with previous studies on pasteurellosis will not differentiate between whether the rodents acquired the infectious agent from their environment or whether they serve as shedders capable of transferring virus among farms. These objectives would be better accomplished under controlled laboratory conditions. The important questions are whether rodents or endemic passeriforms (sparrows, pigeons and crows) can be infected and if so, the duration of shedding and if not how long they may serve as potential mechanical vectors.
Turkey and egg producers representing different segments of the industry need to know the risk factors contributing to outbreaks in order to plan and implement appropriate and effective protective measures. There are currently a number of theories being advanced by poultry health professionals, wildlife biologists, owners of farms and regulatory officials. Infection of a specific type of farm is obviously subject to a range of factors possibly synergistic in action. By determining the contribution of each possible factor will requires detailed field investigation with on-site observation.
Using a mailed-out survey is guaranteed to generate a result. The validity of conclusions, if apparent, will be weaker than using trained observers using a structured questionnaire and documenting findings relating to affected and unaffected farms using a case-control approach. The results of a rigorous epidemiologic investigation should be provided to the industry as soon as possible to guide implementation of effective preventive measures which will require capital expenditure and changes in operational procedures.


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"My main support comes from a volunteer"
About: Guernsey House Guernsey House S2 4HG
Posted by Future607 (as ),
I have said lot of things about Guernsey House – I would like to point out that my main support comes from a volunteer called David.
On all different levels the support wasn't pushed on me, I chose. The fact that Dave chose me was my day. Now a trusted friend and confidant.
Good luck, and all the best.
Response from Margaret Kilner, Office Manager, Primary Care Addiction Service, Sheffield, Guernsey House 3 years ago
Thanks for posting - I have passed on your comments to Dave - we agree he is a fantastic source of support and a great listener. We know that our volunteers offer a unique perspective which is very valuable to service users and staff.
I hope you also feel well supported by the staff here! It is always helpful for us to hear more about your experiences, you can post here, use the Recovery Tree in the waiting room or give your comments to Dave to pass on.
All the best with your recovery.
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Thank you for your feedback.
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The Perseverance Project
Who: Anne Frank
Born: June 12, 1929
Death: March 1954
What: The Holocaust
Where: Amsterdam
The Beginning of the Holocaust.
When the early Holocaust began, many people were forced to be shipped to Concentration Camps, where they were tortured.
However, the Frank family moved to safety in a small, secret attic.
How do we know about Anne Frank? Before the move to the secret attic, Anne received a special journal, which she wrote everything in. The Diary was found when the Frank family helpers(The ones who gave them food and clothing) were cleaning the attic.
The diary reveals many humble secrets that Anne wrote on the pages. She shares her troubles and writes about her family.
One of Anne's accomplishments was growing up. She never got to be a kid. She missed going outside and playing with her friends, bicycling and swimming. She missed the fresh air outside.
Instead, Anne had to be as quiet as possible. No hanging out with friends; she had to
By 1940, Amsterdam was attacked. Anne and her family were taken away to the camps, where Anne, her sister Margot, and her mother were separated from their father.
Anne later died with her mother and sister, while her father got through the camp and survived.
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So a question for all the guys.. what do you think of girls making the first move? I recently met this guy and we kind of sort of flirted? I am actually real into him but we don't really talk all that much. Should I be the one to make the next move or let him? Did his flirting mean anything or was it just him being nice? I don't know :/
Most Helpful Guy
Well, I personally dislike when females have to play the game where they want the guy to make the first move. I kind of understand if it's when a guy who likes a girl and he's trying to get her to reply with affection (as in getting her to like him back) even though I still think it's shit ridiculous unless she has no interest.
If you guys don't communicate much then both of you will get the idea that you're both could be losing interest with each other.
If you like him just do something to show he gets the message please. It will move things a lot smoother and less bullshit. Good luck.11|00|0


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The Canare 11 AWG 4S11 Speaker Cable with Banana To Banana Connectors (12') is designed for connecting electronic equipment with banana-style inputs and outputs, such as an amplifier to hi-fidelity speakers. The cable utilizes Canare's Star Quad low-capacitance stranded annealed copper wiring scheme that significantly reduces electro-magnetic interference. The connections are handcrafted with true silver solder and audiophile-grade gold-plated locking banana connectors. The cable features a polyethylene dielectric insulator that provides a consistent frequency response over long cable runs and will remain flexible even at sub-zero temperatures.
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(KMOV) – An Ohio firefighter is getting national attention after he turned a fire drill into one of the more romantic engagements you'll ever see.
Justin Deierling on March 19 went to Greentown Intermediate School, where his girlfriend, Megan Zahorec, works as a counselor.
Deierling emptied the school for a mock fire drill and when Zahorec came out, she saw a sign mounted on the side of a fire truck.
Deierling then got down on one knee and popped the question.
Watch below to see the video for yourself. If using a mobile device, click here.


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There are three types of fuel filters; internal (in the carburetor fitting), inline (in the fuel line) and in-tank (the sock on the fuel pickup tube).
Internal Filter
Internal filters are located in the inlet filling on all carburetors. Elements are placed in the inlet hole with the gasket surface outward. A spring holds the element outward, sealing it by compressing a gasket surface against the inlet fitting. A check valve is also built into the filter element.
- Disconnect the negative battery cable.
- Disconnect fuel line connection at fuel inlet filter nut.
- Remove fuel inlet filter nut from carburetor.
- Remove filter and spring.
- If removed, install check valve in fuel inlet filter. The fuel inlet check valve must be installed in the filter to meet Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (M.V.S.S.) for roll-over. New service replacement filter must include the check valve.
- Install the fuel inlet filter spring, filter, and check valve assembly in the carburetor. The check valve end of filter faces toward fuel line. The ribs on the closed end of the filter element prevent the filter from being installed incorrectly unless forced.
- Install the nut in the carburetor and tighten it to 18 ft. lbs. (24 Nm).
- Attach the fuel line, then tighten the connection securely.
- Connect the negative battery cable.
- Start engine and check for leaks.
The inline filter on the fuel injected models is found along the frame rail.
- Disconnect the negative battery cable.
- Properly relieve the fuel system pressure, as outlined in Fuel System of this guide.
- Using a back-up wrench, disconnect the fuel lines.
- Remove the fuel filter from the retainer or mounting bolt.
The filter has an arrow (fuel flow direction) on the side of the case, be sure to install it correctly in the system, the with arrow facing away from the fuel tank.
- To install, reverse the removal procedures.
- Connect the negative battery cable.
- Start the engine and check for leaks.


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Tony Cikes
Real Estate Representative
Cell: 604.616.8669
Office Phone: 604.922.6995
Toll Free: 1.877.236.8800
Fax: 604.922.6289
West Vancouver, V7T 2X1
Tony Cikes
Born and raised here in our beautiful city of Vancouver, Tony Cikes loves being a Real Estate consultant and offers an incredible depth of knowledge for our local real estate market and areas. Tony started helping people buy and sell real estate back in 1998 and has committed himself to be an expert in his profession by continually sharpening his skills with knowledge and technology.
The values and principles that Tony follows are simple: put your clients needs first, be competent, have excellent listening and communication skills, maintain a positive attitude, provide unbiased honesty and have integrity in all you do.
By having this positive approach, along with excellent negotiating skills and a superior marketing strategy, Tony has qualified for the MLS Medallion Club 15 years and counting. The Medallion Club recognizes the top 10% of all Greater Vancouver realtors based on the number of homes sold.
With a thorough knowledge of the real estate buying process, Tony has helped his clients buy their home 46% faster, saving them three weeks of time!
When it comes time to selling your Real Estate asset, Tony is attentive to your needs and uses his excellent people skills with creative marketing. His company support system allows him to implement a proven plan that achieves a 4.26% higher than average sales price and accomplishes a successful sale 79% faster than the market average. This results in his clients netting $31,124 more per home sold!
Whatever your residential Real Estate requirements are, Tony Cikes is experienced and very capable! He holds himself to high standards and will be able to help you achieve your goals.
Languages: English, Croatian
Past Sales
Architecturally Stunning Home
North Vancouver
Incomparable home & location
West Vancouver
Brand New Kitsilano Duplex
Vancouver West
Gorgeous New Kitsilano Duplex
Vancouver West
Beautiful West Coast Craftsman
North Vancouver
Waterfront living
Vancouver West
Exquisite 3 Bedroom & Den home
Vancouver East
A Complete Transformation
New Westminster
Executive Kitsilano townhome
Lower Lonsdale Heritage Home
North Vancouver
Waterfront living & lifestyle
Downtown Vancouver
Modern living at Port Royal
New Westminster
Two Level Luxury Loft with Exposed Brick
Heritage Style Semi-Detached Home
Semi-Detatched home with back yard
Brand New Heritage Style Duplex
Standing tall above the city
Vancouver East
Outdoor Oasis in the Heart of Downtown
Elevate your lifestyle
Vancouver West
Exquisite waterfront loft
New Westminster
Heritage Style with a Sundrenched Deck
Exquisite 3 Bedroom loft
New Westminster
Greater Vancouver, British Columbia
North Vancouver
Incomparable Herritage Loft
Vancouver West
Outdoor Oasis in a Prime Kitsilano
Park-Side Family Home
Excellent starter home
Modern Family Home in The Desirable Main
Exquisite 2 bedroom townhome
Spacious living in Yaletown
Downtown Vancouver
Greater Vancouver, British Columbia
Vancouver East
Development Opportunity on 2.5 Acres
Exquisite Home in the Sky
Port Moody
Exquisite home in the sky
Port Moody
Exquisite Home in the Sky
Vancouver West
Gorgeous 2 Bedroom Townhome
A house sized condominium
Great family home in lovely neighborhood
Exquisite Home in the Sky
Stunning Downtown Loft with 16' Ceiling
Where Exquisite Style Can be Found
Downtown Vancouver
Yaletown Pied-à-Terre
Vancouver West
Contemporary Designed Home
Exquisite 2 bdrm & flex space
Downtown living at it's finest!
Vancouver West
Large Two Bedroom on the Boardwalk
New Westminster
Water and Mountain Views Daily
Vancouver East
Your Access to a new lifestyle
Metropolitan Living in Downtown
Water and mountain view condo
Vancouver East
Resort Style Living
Port Moody
Great Starter Home & Investment Property
Maple Ridge
Exquisite 1 bedroom & den home
Vancouver East
Greater Vancouver, British Columbia
Exquisite One Bedroom Home
Turn key living & convenince
One Bedroom Metropolitan Home
Exquisite 1 bedroom home
Port Coquitlam
Your entry into the market
We sold in record time!Thank you so much for your expertise & guidance. You made our home selling experience so easy! All we had to do was follow your advise and we sold in record time! Now, we can move onto our next exciting chapter!Chad and Kelly, Kitsilano Vancouver
A great partner in real estate!We have bought and sold 15 properties over the past 40 years. Tony ranks in the top 3 of brokers to assist us. Tony does not sell, he gives you information to make an informed decision. A great partner in real estate transactions!Glen, Vancouver East
Made the sale of my house stress freeThank you Tony for your hard work, and all those times you had to drop what you were doing to drive out to Maple Ridge. Thank you for dealing with my tenant. You really made the sale of my house stress free. I was away on work and you made it so easy. I never had to scramble to find a computer, scanner or fax machine. You had everything that needed to be reviewed or signed emailed to my phone and all I had to do was tap the screen and it was done! The use of Docusign and other small things that you do goes a long way. See you at the next sale!Robert, Maple Ridge
Went the extra mile for usThank you so much for helping us find an awesome place! We really appreciated your patience and going the extra mile for us!!!Chris & Val, West End Vancouver
Went above and beyond to ensure I found the right homeTony was extremely professional and responsive during my condo search and purchase and went above and beyond to ensure that I found the right home. He was able to provide plenty of information about various areas around Vancouver and provided great advice on the pros and cons of each unit we visited during the search. He regularly provided suggestions for potential homes that aligned to my needs and was very accommodating and easy to work with even though I was located in another province during the search. He made searching for a home while out of province extremely easy for me and his in-depth knowledge of the Vancouver real estate market was indispensable. Tony was an excellent communicator and his friendly and approachable personality made him a pleasure to work with. I would not hesitate to recommend Tony
to others!Michele, Kitsilano Vancouver
Made our purchase stress free!Tony Cikes professional service was above and beyond wrapped up in a very personable caring realtor who is out there for his clients' well being. Even though we found our dream condo in White Rock through my previous employer Dekora Staging, Tony took us to 5 other properties for sale in White Rock to make sure we saw comparables. As we never looked anything out of downtown and near downtown. His enthusiasm, professionalism, and care made both of our purchase of our 3rd homes enjoyable and took the stress off:) Can't say enough good things :). Our best realtor we ever dealt with and made our purchase stress free! We have and will refer Tony Cikes to family, friends and acquaintances. Thank you!Ken & Doug, White Rock
A gret person to work with!Tony is precise in communicating information, consistent, trustworthy. A great person to work with!Shah, White Rock
If you need a great Real Estate AgentI happily tell everyone that if they need a great Real Estate Agent, I know just the person, Tony Cikes!Brigitte, Vancouver
Got us more money than we thought we could get!Sold our home in 3 days with multiple offers and more than what our asking price was! Very professional and highly trusted with excellent communication! 10/10!!!Jay & Jocelyn, Vancouver
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- The preparation for buying and selling, market knowledge, property searches and attention to details makes Tony Cikes a distinguished professional in Vancouver. His help was invaluable in our investment. We recommend his services, blog, newsletter and all of his assistance.Brigitte Danis, Vancouver


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Please confirm that you want to add Business Writing to your Wishlist.
This Business Writing Training class will give business professionals the tools they need to write effective, efficient business correspondence. Students will learn how to get started on a writing project, use appropriate business tone in the document, and discern between the different kinds of business correspondence. Students will learn how to decide what the appropriate vehicle is for written communication in business, electronic or hard copy.


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Peanut Butter Chocolate Chip Cookies
Recipe by qotw13
I made these a ton last summer, when I was living by myself. They can be made either as traditional cookies or a bar cookie, and they freeze really well. I like to eat them after they've sat out of the freezer for about ten minutes.
Top Review by PrimQuilter
I had such high hopes for these cookies. I made as posted, but after 14 mins of baking, I took them out, let them sit on the pan but they still aren't cooked all the way through. I made this in my stand mixer, but it could easily be mixed up in a bowl. Made for Chef Alphabet Soup Game 2008.
See Discussion:1 Review
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1⁄2 cup butter
- 1⁄2 cup peanut butter
- 1 cup sugar
- 2 eggs
- 1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla
- 1 cup flour
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- 1⁄4 teaspoon salt
- 1⁄2 cup chocolate chips
Directions See How It's Made
- Preheat oven to 350*.
- In medium bowl, cream butter, peanut butter, and sugar.
- Beat in eggs, one at a time, then stir in vanilla.
- Combine flour, baking powder, and salt; stir into peanut butter mix.
- Drop by rounded spoonfuls onto ungreased cookie sheet.
- Bake 8-10 minutes.
- Allow to cool 5 minutes on sheet before removing to wire rack to cool completely.


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0. phoneArena posted on 10 Aug 2012, 08:35
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359. zhypher_23 (Posts: 195; Member since: 04 Jun 2012)
My favorite workout song is "Skrillex-The Devil's Den" this song will get you pumped up for sure ;)
360. paolo1108 (Posts: 1; Member since: 06 Aug 2012)
My #1 workout song is
Eye of the Tiger. OMG i can imagine those muscles poping up.. This truley inspires me to run, lift, or even just doing pushups in the morning. C'mon we all know Rocky looks tough why cant you??
361. Pancholo (Posts: 380; Member since: 27 Feb 2012)
Dethklok - The Lost Vikings.
362. anubis2373 (Posts: 1; Member since: 06 Aug 2012)
Well mine is In the club by 50 Cent or Starships by Nikky Minah I wish I can win LOL
363. retiredat21 (Posts: 2; Member since: 06 Aug 2012)
Probably "Signs" by Justin Timberlake
364. CaptainCool (Posts: 8; Member since: 16 Oct 2011)
All grown up by Grimple.
Short song, but gets me really pumped. Just throw that on loop for a few minutes and I'm good to go
365. papajohn (Posts: 25; Member since: 07 Dec 2010)
Eye of the Tiger by Survivor!
366. bbwright2112 (Posts: 1; Member since: 06 Aug 2012)
Till I Collapse- Eminem would have to be mine.
367. carlylemiii (unregistered)
One of my favorites to which I like to run is blink-182's "Up All Night." :D
368. osanilevich (Posts: 286; Member since: 29 Sep 2009)
Don't Look Back by Boston
369. FPaco14 (Posts: 10; Member since: 09 Jan 2012)
My favorite song to lissen to while i pump the guns is payphone.
370. nodnarb (Posts: 35; Member since: 27 Apr 2012)
Avicii & Nicky Romero - Nicktim has gotta be my favorite. The thumping bass really gets you in a mood to expound energy in whatever way possible, whether it is doing pull ups to the 128bpm rhythm, taking stride after stride on a treadmill, or even busting out some dance moves while in the shower. The light, progressive-but-vibrant melody also adds to creating the best workout state of mind. It flirts with that perfect balance between relaxing the mind and motivating the body. Wickedly awesome 6 minutes to experience, and I bet even better when listening on a One X!
371. vyers07 (Posts: 1; Member since: 06 Aug 2012)
Beautiful in White - Shayne Ward ~~~
372. bgarcia1223 (Posts: 2; Member since: 15 Feb 2012)
BigBang - Fantastic Baby, for a fantastic phone
373. sam1373 (Posts: 2; Member since: 29 Apr 2012)
My favourite song is " Somebody That I Used To Know " by Gotye.
374. Skidro13 (Posts: 65; Member since: 27 Jul 2010)
Kush by dr. dre
375. loken (Posts: 462; Member since: 09 May 2012)
My playlist...i dont even work out!!
376. velfarreclubber (Posts: 8; Member since: 30 Jul 2012)
My current song is James Blunt - Dangerous (Deniz Koyu and Johan Wedel remix) really gets you pumped for a run check it out with some headphones with good bass!!
377. Phaze0085 (Posts: 115; Member since: 22 Sep 2011)
2nd Sucks, by A Day To Remember.
378. OakleyDoakely (Posts: 3; Member since: 07 Aug 2012)
Spiderwebs- No Doubt.
379. sportsinger75 (Posts: 71; Member since: 11 Nov 2011)
"You Waste Your Time" by Tremonti - It's pretty new but really fantastic!!!
380. Nicksully23 (Posts: 16; Member since: 09 Dec 2010)
Va Va Voom by Bassnectar really gets me going!
381. Seannyc (Posts: 59; Member since: 21 Jul 2012)
Eminem - Till i collapse
382. abbzys24 (Posts: 1; Member since: 07 Aug 2012)
My favorite song is probably "You're never over" by EMINEM great song.
383. ron_from_rifas (Posts: 1; Member since: 07 Aug 2012)
I always turn to Crystal Method's "Weapons of Mass Distortion.
384. rehanajmalsarmad (Posts: 3; Member since: 27 Apr 2012)
rite now its 'lets get started' by pitbull ft. shakira
385. rawlingsheart (Posts: 1; Member since: 07 Aug 2012)
POD - Alive
386. flash03 (Posts: 1; Member since: 07 Aug 2012)
My best workout song is
"Lose your self" by Eminem
Every time i listen to this song, i cannot control but pumped myself up for a run, b-ball game, performance, lifting weights, boxing sessions or a morning heating up with push ups.. By listening to Eminem command us to "lose yourself in the music, the moment / You own it, you better never let it go." Its five minutes and 27 seconds packs the same inspiration as all of 8 Mile.. It is arguably the best workout song of all-time, it's good anytime before, during, or after exercise. I found myself the BEST workout song with fast beats that helped motivate me to continue my workout, even when I was totally spent. Pairing this BEST song with HTC ONE X with cool features and music enhancer like BEATS AUDIO makes me feel crazy! OMG! I cannot stop myself from working out everyday! =))
387. surajkokate (Posts: 1; Member since: 07 Aug 2012)
MAKE YOURSELF by INCUBUS
388. jackdog1 (Posts: 1; Member since: 07 Aug 2012)
Mine is enter sandman by Metallica gets me pumped every time


text: 246 photos $1,495,000 306 acres Vernont Road, Massillon, IA 52216 - Cedar County 306 acres Massillon, IA There is no doubt that this is one of those premier properties that do not hit the open market very often! To call this a hunting property would be not giving it the full credit (see below the ROI). You cannot overlook that the majority of the property is or could be income producing. No one can question the quality hunting opportunities on it! This property has been groomed and added to for close to 18 years. The owners have made quality deer their priority, and with a harvest history like this one, it shows! They have harvested a 200" whitetail and literally dozens of deer over 150 inches. The habitat is perfect for holding and growing deer, turkeys, and pheasants! The abundance of quality CRP cover and large food plots to support t Grant Olson Whitetail Properties


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Are you a shy girl wanting to create a jaw-dropping impression? Seeking to make the competition around you mesmerized by your glamorous looks on the big night?
Ahh! Don't forgot you have to do some prom make up as well, to go along perfectly against your lustrous hair.
Well, its party time honey, because you are at the right place, to get started on a complete prom makeup and hair do make over guide that is going to change your outlook.
Girl! It's our responsibility to give you the most thorough review on hair styles that you can easily make at home, and leave nothing short of a salon look! Along with prom makeup that is going to make you the most sassy and desired person to be photographed.
Why not! Schools ended and everyone's going to look their best for their year book photos and you should be the gem in the group by selecting some cute prom hairstyles ideas from the list below.
Let's see now, we have covered three aspects that need your undivided attention for this big night!
Here Is The List Of 23 Cute Prom Makeup, Updos & Hairstyles Ideas of 2017.
Prom Hairstyles Ideas
Let's start with some cute hairstyles for prom first.
14. Soft Braids For Long Hair
Sometimes, a simple and sober look goes a long way and can make others go crazy over you. This elegant and romantic prom hairstyle for long hair is self-effacing yet is suitable for major to moderate occasions.
Soft braids never go out of style and its simplicity will surely turn some heads and invoke some whispers. Be it business parties, weddings or prom, this hairdo for girls is among their highest ranked hairstyles that barely take a few minutes to make and make you ready to go in no time.
I am sure you haven't imagined prom hairstyles to be so easy, right? Carry it with a modest gown for the ideal blend of austerity and beauty.
13. Crimped Curls
If you have fuzzy and wavy hair, than this hairdo is good for you. This prom hairstyle covers the curly or loosely crimped hair, where a fussy wavy iron rod is used for this purpose.
These waves will surely make long hair look more enchanting and is among the best striking hairstyles for long hair being done right now.
12. Simple Long and Straight Hair
If you have the length and the volume, than let them loose in the breeze and amaze the people around by your grace and significance.
Very easy to make and manage and a popular one that be, for girls with long hair. Especially knowing that you have to make the most with all your available hair, then why not use all of it. A good advantage for straight hair, it fits on any face type and is something that comes naturally to the eye to see.
Now, this is the time to truly show of your personality, with a sufficient quantity of shine serum, the hairstyle is assured to make a big statement at the prom night.
11. Incredible Side Braid
If you have long hair accompanied with frizzy and dark hairs, than a simple side braid is an incredible idea to enhance the beauty element on the prom night simply and elegantly.
Make side braids and do some backcombing on the crown part, gather all your remaining hair into a ponytail that are hanging on sideways over your shoulder and if it's necessary then curl them up. You're all set. Now wasn't that easy?
Dark and thick hair can be molded into this hairstyle effortlessly and with rewarding results.
10. Large Defined Curls
Olalla, if this wouldn't get the paparazzi on you, change my name. Seriously, even small curls are hard to manage but in comparison to these, long curls look stunning and you can somehow easily manage such curls in any kind of style and bring a sizzling look and spice up that sassy brunet atmosphere.
If you are wearing a strapless dress then simply leave your curls at the back or you can flip them off on shoulders. They add a soft bounce and extra volume to the hair. You can tease hair from the forehead part to one side.
First blow dry your hair using a round brush and curl them with a barrel iron. Curl the sections and then gather all with pins to secure them. After they all are set, remove the pins and finish with a strong hairspray. You can polish them as well for additional glamor look.
9. Sweet Side Bun
They are timeless classic and very easy to make. There are varieties of buns you can choose from according to your face shape and choice. Either, you can make a messy and rough looking bun for a funky look, or a neat bun to put a classy impression.
Adding accessories to your preference and making your eyes look more prominent and leaving your neck part free will truly make you stand out. You can further try to make a low loose side ponytail, tie it with a rubber band and wrap around to make a messy bun to further customize your hairstyle.
8. Braided Buns
Like side buns, which are normally made with straighter hair. Braided buns are tend to be made by braiding the hair individually and then turning them into a bun. If you like exquisiteness, than this hairstyle is for you.
Braided buns are fabulous like side buns and likewise best fit for long hair, braided buns transcend you to the old times, a classic yet used often in modern fashion.
Trendy for weddings and likewise can be used for proms. Braids can be set in a range of different styles or patterns, select any one which best suits with your face shape and hair color and carry it with any style of gown. For impeccable praise, you can wear a hair-band.
7. Yo-Yo Curls
If you know Shakira, you will definitely have seen this hairstyle than. Intentionally curling your hair up or down, make them a considerable show off and ideal for prom night extravaganza.
Apply serum on dry hair and then take an appropriately sized section of locks. Roll the lower one-third part of the fragmented division over a curler. Then take another appropriately sized section and enfold lower one second part of locks over curler. Continue with alternate one second or one-third portion of all the sections until all locks are done. Don't forget to apply hairspray, simple yet gorgeous isn't it?
6. Wrapped Up Half Up Hairdo
This prom hairstyle is classic yet tempting, the half up hairdo features, leaves front hair wide across the forehead, and backcombs hair at the back of the head to make a bump.
Backcomb the hair from the top area sideways. Now secure all the backcombed hairs with bobby pin and hairspray them. Curl remaining hair by using a curling iron and put them down at the back. Set your hair with a finishing hairspray and apply any product for maximum shine. Gently thick and textured long hairs are ideal, adapted to this style.
5. Side Swept Braids
Simple side swept braids are captivating and a prominent hairdo, they work best for girls that have blonde hair and at the same time does not diminish or overpower the facial features. It makes the face seems to be less cheeky and more formal with less makeup.
This hairdo is perfect for girls with a round to oval faces. To set up create a deep side section. Start making a French braid moving from the lighter part forwards. Don't complete the braid but finish it two inches after the hairline on the opposite side. Tie with a band. Curl all the freely hanging locks.
Use pins to secure the hair around the hairline with the hair hanging out from the braid.
4. Wavy Locks
You must have remembered Goldie locks, but these are wavy locks. Girls especially having curly or wavy long hair can easily mold this into the said kind of hairstyle. For them getting this floating layered look is easy to attain.
The hairstyle is specifically for round face shapes; you must try this hairstyle if you have a short neck or a very prominent forehead to add volume and a bolder appearance.
To start this hairstyle, wash your hair first, and then apply mousse thoroughly in all hair. Make sure that all waves are regular not very rough. Then let it dry. Do not blow dry. In the end finger, comb tousles and waves.
3. Chignon Bun
If you have seen the traditional Japanese women, along with their dress they tend to choose to make the chignon Bun. Basically a neat ball of hair made with perfection, one of the most cute prom hairstyles for.
This hairstyle is new and gaining popularity among girls recently and is definitely one of the cuter prom hairstyles out there. This style is best for all shape of faces and hair types, it's sort of exotic yet informal but will not let you down.
You can easily create this hairstyle, just by pinning hair into a firm knot, similar to a bun at the nape of the neck. To have a maximum shine, apply a finishing spray.
2. Delicately Pinned Half Up-do
If you though simplicity is everything, take a look at this. Even though people consider this hairstyle to be outdated, it definitely needs to be in the list for its shear magnificence and beauty. Even though sort of difficult to make, they are still made by the daring and bold. Looking like one the queens from ancient Roman Empire.
The hairstyle provides an ideal blend between classic and exquisiteness. The hair can be styled only with hair that is hydrated and free of frizzes, working well for all type of faces. It fits near to perfect o those who have oval shaped faces. Don't try to create too much volume on top as you might lose the shape.
1. Tousled Up-do
Easy and elegant among all other prom hairstyles, particularly for long hairs. This requires extra care and preparation. It makes your hair look healthier and make your eyes look more prominent.
Once the hair strands are dry, roll up your hairs by using a roller or curling iron. Roughly brush your hair and make a messy low bun on the nape of the neck, must try if you have a heart or square shaped face and Voila!
Prom Makeup Ideas
Its prom around a couple of days later, the hairstyle's decided, the matching dress decided, shoes to go along decided, accessories decided, cute makeup not even thought of yet! OMG now that's a worry. If you thought selecting the best dress was hard, wait till you select the best prom makeup. No matter, that's why we are here to help you with ideas that'll go best along with your current facial characteristics.
Doesn't matter what your dimensions are, we have some of the best makeup for prom ideas for every person. Let's begin with you, Shall we?
4. Blue Eyes Makeup
If you are looking for something simple, yet attention grabbing than this blue eye makeup is the right choice for you.
Soft Pink and white eyeliner on your inner eyelid will look pretty and dazzling, moreover simply add fake eyelashes to give your eyes the volume and prominence.
The purplish-blue color is a flattering color for blue eyes, simply apply purple shades and blend some white in it.
To make your eyes look more prominent, apply gold on the inner corner and keep the outer corners Smokey, for that mysterious effect. Additionally, bronze shades are great for blue eyes as they balance the cool color tones.
To have a bolder appeal, try turquoise liner and keep the eye shadow minimal, the last thing you want is over doing it.
3. Green Eyes Makeup
If you have a dress that hints tints of green in it, then a contrasting green eye makeup is the way to go, as the silver eye shadow will go along nicely with the green eyes.
For starters, begin with the silver Smokey eyes by creating Smokey outer edges and then blending silver shade on the eye lid. For the inner corners, use the white shade.
Blend all colors nicely and to finish off, apply liner and mascara to give it a stunning outlook.
2. Brown Eyes Makeup
Who says brown eyes are boring. Do you know? They are one of the most versatile colors to have endless variations on. Brown eyes are deep and along with their mysteriousness are very gorgeous when combined with the right combinations.
Following are some prom makeup ideas for brown eyes.
- Metallic tones
- Try metallic tones of eye shades like gold, brown and bronze.
- Neutral colors
- Peaches and Taupe's and even brown all go perfectly and look fantastic on brown eyes.
- White eye liner
- White eye-liner will incredibly highlight your eyes as much, it's an important makeup trick that mostly don't use.
- Shimmery eyes
- Ideal makeup trick to make your eyes pop like a star, is to add shimmer matching with eye shadow color.
- Deep plum eye-liner
- Purple color goes beautifully with brown eyes, to see a huge difference switch your black or brown eye-liner with a plum, as it will make your eyes look more prominent.
- Champagne tones
- Champagne color eye-liner is best for brown eyes, as it is tamer than stark-white.
1. Makeup Tips for Lips
- Red Lips
- If you like to be seductive and bold and are not afraid going with deep red then keep your eye makeup smooth and light. Don't go for bold colors as you want your lips to be the most prominent feature of your face.
- Nude Lips
- If you like heavy eye shades and eye-shadows then go for nude lips; nude lips help to get your hotness outside to the world.
- Sharp Pink Lips
- If you like to be the center of attraction and want the photographer following you, then use sharp pink lipstick and apply light pink color on the eyes for a truly glamorous look.
- Rose Lips
- Dusty rose lips elevate a girl's gorgeousness to the next level. To add some personal stylishness to this chic look, try pairing your rose lipstick with a bold red, royal green or a royal blue dress.
What makeup to use with Prom Dress
Now that you have selected your hairstyle, and complemented it by knowing about some helpful tips about cute makeup ideas for the eyes and face.
Let's finish it off by paring the best make up ideas with your corresponding dress choice. Now I am not forcing you to use these, as a girl has every right to choose what best suits her. She is the star show and knows herself the best.
5. Red Prom Dress
Searching makeup that goes ideally with your red dress? Then try the following red dress makeup tips to get the red carpet treatment on your big night.
- Match your dress according to your skin tone not with hair color, where contrasting works sometimes, not every time.
- Highlight either the lips or eyes not both of them.
- Apply light foundation for a smooth base to apply makeup.
- Use a good concealer, if you wish to hide blemishes and acne spots.
- Select a light red lipstick.
- Use neutral eye makeup.
- Use black or brown eye-liner.
- Apply two coats of mascara.
- Don't forget to comb your brows, add more definition to your eyebrows with an eyebrow pencil
- Don't match lipstick color and nail paint, as the matchy-match look is outdated. Try picking pink or any other nude color.
- Don't match your blush with your dress.
4. Black Prom Dress
- You can try something Smokey, Smokey green or steel gray eyes mentioned earlier in the article.
- Go for dramatic lips, red lips give bold impact, flash pink is coral.
- Gold color is in season nowadays, champagne color will look stunning with nude lips and light bronze blush to highlight your cheekbone well.
- Try winged liner.
- If you want something funky, then go for silver eyeliner.
- You can also try red lipstick with a more naturally toned - neutral eye makeup.
3. Pink Prom Dress
- Stay away from Smokey eyes and heavy eye makeup. Something light and natural will perfectly complement the lightness of the pink color and truly bring out the elegance in you.
- With light eye makeup try bright pink lipstick.
- You can use neutral or beige eye shadow as pleased.
- Try winged liner.
2. Purple Prom Dress
- Considering the color is dark, go for a Smokey look with nude lips.
- Lavender or Silver eyes, try pairing purple color with silver eyes.
- Lipstick color should be light if you are trying heavy eye makeup to give a more balance and approachable appearance.
1. Blue Prom Dress
- Never go for full-on matching with the color blue, looks tacky specially if done way too much.
- If you are wearing a full blue dress or blue top, just add a little bit of blue color in your makeup, like liner or blue eye shadow lighter or darker shade than your dress.
- Eyeshade combinations can be pink/navy blue, silver/navy blue, lime green/turquoise or dark green/turquoise.
- With navy blue eyeliner, use pinkish blush on and peach/brownish pink or brown lipstick.
- With gray eyeliner or eye-shadow, try pink lipstick and pink blush on cheeks.
- With green eyeliner, keep nude lips and warm pinkish blush on cheeks.
- If you are doing navy blue eye makeup then use nude lip color and go for bronzed cheeks.
Going to the prom is a big occasion for most girls, signifying the ending of the term or your high school. Looking good is what every girl deserves to be; nothing short of a princess glittering with her eternal glow. Do share with us your opinions and suggestion regarding what you read.


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A 2.0-litre turbo engine will power the beast.
Dear hot hatch fans – we have some wonderful news. The production version of the new Honda Civic Type R will make its official public debut in less than three weeks. The Japanese manufacturer confirmed the Civic Type R will be the highlight of its show presence at the 87th Geneva Motor Show next month.
The Civic Type R prototype already made several appearances at motor shows around the world and will soon morph into a production model. Honda says it has been developed in parallel with the standard Civic hatchback, with "mutual benefits to the dynamics and refinement of both vehicles." The automaker also confirmed the Type R will be powered by a 2.0-litre VTEC Turbo gasoline engine.
The new hot Civic will be the first Honda-badged Type R vehicle to reach the United States and Canada. It will be produced in Honda's Swidon plant in the United Kingdom with assembling process expected to start this summer. The car will be exported across most of the European markets and to other important markets around the world, including Japan.
The new Type R was previewed by a concept, or a prototype as Honda calls it, at the Paris Motor Show last year. At this point, there's no official information about the vehicle's power, but reports suggest the 2.0-litre motor will generate more than 300 horsepower. Those ponies will be channeled to the front wheels exclusively through a six-speed manual gearbox.
Honda's Geneva stand will also feature the Clarity Fuel Cell vehicle, marking the market launch of the eco-friendly vehicle on the Old Continent. A European premiere is also planned for the Honda NeuV fully electric concept, which, when ready to hit the roads, will be able to be used as an automated ride sharing vehicle when the owner is not using the car.
Source: Honda