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Tom Anderton
Of Counsel
Tom Anderton is an attorney at TechLaw LLP, a patent attorney registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and admitted to practice law in California. He specializes in legal matters related to startups and has specific expertise in negotiation of all transactional documents and obtaining patent protection for chemical, pharmaceutical, biotech, and medical device inventions. He has been invited to lecture at UCSF, UCB and Stanford Law School.
- Vermont Law School (J.D.)
- University of California, San Diego (B.S. in molecular biology)
- Stanford University (M.S. in cancer biology)
- Patent Protection
- Startups
- Biotech
Tom's Professional Profile
Prior to joining TechLaw, he was the Vice President, Intellectual Property & Legal Affairs at Presido Pharmaceuticals where he was responsible for developing and overseeing the IP portfolio and legal function at Presidio. Before Presidio, he was the Associate General Counsel and Chief Patent Counsel at Monogram Biosciences, Inc., where he built Monogram's IP portfolio, which then was consistently recognized as one of the best IP portfolios in the US. Before going to Monogram, Tom was the Lead Attorney, Oncology at Genencor, Inc. where he developed and implemented Genencor's oncology IP portfolio and led the due diligence team in their in-licensing of BL22, a lymphoma compound developed in Ira Pastan's lab at the NCI. Prior to that, Tom was responsible for envisioning, creating, developing and implementing the patent strategy and portfolio related to the 'virtual' kinase, phosphatase and protease genes that SUGEN cloned from J. Craig Ventner's early human genome sequencing efforts. He was also involved in developing the portfolio that relates to the current Pfizer compound SU11248 (SUTENT).
Tom drafted and prosecuted some of the early VEGF-related patents, such as those from Kari Alitalo's group at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. Before working in the biotech arena, Tom was focused on appellate, constitutional and First Amendment law and was responsible for co-writing trial briefs in the ISKCON v. City of Los Angeles (Hare Krishna/LAX) First Amendment case(s). Tom earned a J.D. from the Vermont Law School, a B.S. in molecular biology from UCSD and an M.S. in Cancer Biology from Stanford University. He has been consistently recognized by his peers as one of the most influential IP practitioners in the United States.


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TV viewers should prepare to say farewell to a few familiar faces this coming season, but there are also some old friends -- and some new ones, too -- waiting to take over your screens.
This fall marks the beginning of the end for HBO's "Boardwalk Empire," which is kicking off its fifth and final season on Sept. 7. "Sons of Anarchy" fans are also gearing up for that show's swan song -- the FX drama's seventh season, which premieres Sept. 9, will feature a host of guest stars like Courtney Love, Marilyn Manson and Lea Michele. And "Two and a Half Men" will kick off its 12th and final season Oct. 30 on CBS.
"The Big Bang Theory," "The Blacklist," "Scandal" and "Sleepy Hollow" are among the returning shows with premieres slated for September. You'll have to wait a bit longer for more "Homeland," "The Walking Dead," "Criminal Minds" and "American Horror Story" -- those are among the shows with October premiere dates.
Also plan to make room on your schedule (or your DVR series recordings) for some of the new guys in town. There's a crop of freshman dramas and comedies premiering over the next few weeks, all hoping to capture your interest.
We've picked out a few newcomers to watch out for. Find out more about them below:
"Gracepoint" (Fox, premieres Oct. 2)
If you were among those who couldn't pull themselves away from the gripping British crime drama "Broadchurch," you'll feel at home with this American remake. Like in the original series, David Tennant ("Doctor Who") stars as a brusque detective investigating the murder of a young boy in a quiet seaside town, now set in California instead of England. Anna Gunn ("Breaking Bad") plays his partner. Producers have said the 10-episode series will go in some different directions than "Broadchurch" (and has two more episodes than its predecessor), and "ends in a very different place."
"How to Get Away with Murder" (ABC, premieres Sept. 25)
Shonda Rimes gets a monopoly on ABC's Thursday night schedule this fall, with "Grey's Anatomy," "Scandal" and now this new show starring Viola Davis ("The Help"). She plays Annalise Keating, a criminal law professor whose students get entangled in a murder plot of their own.
"Gotham" (Fox, premieres Sept. 22) and "The Flash" (CW, premieres Oct. 7)
If you like comic book adaptations on the small screen, you're in luck -- two new ones are premiering this fall. Fox's "Gotham" is a prequel that focuses on Gotham City, its villainous residents (like the Penguin, the Joker, Poison Ivy and The Riddler) and then-detective Jim Gordon (Ben McKenzie) before Bruce Wayne became Batman. On the CW, look out for "The Flash," a spinoff of the network's current series "Arrow" starring Grant Gustin as the superfast superhero.
"The Affair" (Showtime, premieres Oct. 12)
This Hamptons-set drama details the emotional and psychological effects of an affair (hence the title) on two different marriages. Dominic West ("The Wire") and Ruth Wilson ("Luther") play the lovers, and the show details the extramarital relationship from both his and her perspectives.
"NCIS: New Orleans" (CBS, premiering Sept. 23)
"NCIS" is going to the Big Easy with this spinoff of CBS' hit drama. Set in New Orleans and starring Scott Bakula, the series will follow cases from Pensacola through Mississippi and Louisiana to the Texas panhandle. According to CBS, "New Orleans, with its rich setting of music, fun and debauchery, is a magnet for military personnel on-leave. And with fun comes trouble."
"A to Z" (NBC, premieres Oct. 2)
If you're going through "How I Met Your Mother" withdrawal, this might be the show for you. This comedy follows a similar format, using voice-over (done by Katy Sagal) to chronicle the relationship between Andrew ("Mad Men" actor Ben Feldman) and Zelda (Cristin Milioti, a.k.a. The Mother of "HIMYM" fame) from beginning to breakup.
Impatient to get your fall TV schedule started? You can watch the pilot episode of this one online right now.
Tell us: What shows are you excited to watch this fall?

subset: commoncrawl


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Yogi who claims he is 'smarter than the average bear' joins forces with Boo Boo and Ranger Smith to prevent Jellystone Park, where he has been living in, from closing forever.
The first scenes from "Yogi Bear" have been shared in a teaser trailer. Making its way out via Yahoo! Movies, the video focuses on the character, Yogi Bear, who claims he is smart but often does silly things which create humors in the movie.
As greedy Mayor Brown decides to shut down Jellystone Park due to business reasoning, Yogi and Boo Boo will be tossed out of the only home they've ever known. Yogi, having to prove that he really is "smarter than the average bear", and Boo Boo join forces with their old nemesis Ranger Smith to find a way to save Jellystone Park from closing forever.
Dan Aykroyd and Justin Timberlake lend their voice for Yogi and Boo Boo respectively. Anna Faris, Tom Cavanagh, T.J. Miller and Andrew Daly are also among the cast ensemble to play live-action characters. Directed by Eric Brevig with the script provided by Brad Copeland, Joshua Sternin and Jeffrey Ventimilia, the animated comedy is set to come out in the U.S. on December 17.


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Cosplay Mania 2017 will be held at the Function Rooms 2-5 of the SMX Convention Center Manila, SM Mall of Asia Complex, Pasay City, Philippines.
How far is the airport from the Convention Center?
The Ninoy Aquino International Airport as well as the domestic airport is about a 15-20 minute car-ride away from SMX.
What are the modes of transportation available in SMX?
Within the Mall of Asia Complex are two key public transport terminals with different means of transportation that cover the entire Metro Manila area. In addition, the Mall of Asia Complex is less than two kilometers away from the EDSA-Taft stations of Metro Rail Transit (MRT) and Light Rail Transit (LRT).
Where can I park?
SMX Convention Center has a basement parking facility enough to accommodate 400 cars. There is also an open parking lot in front the Venue.


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Yacht for sale UK. Bavaria 33 cruiser for sale. 2006 model. Wheel steering. Two double berths in two cabins. Large deep cockpit locker starboard. Walk through transom. Tandem fin keel. Plotter and instruments at helm position.. A very nice example with the lighter joinery interior finish later model styling..Afloat here at Woolverstone Marina, The owner is retiring from sailing so all reasonable offers will be considered.
Precious Marine Ltd
Offices Essex, Suffolk and Scotland.
Contact Graham Knight .01473 780286 ext 1
Forward cabin
Navigation area
Aft cabin
Precious Marine offers the details of this vessel in good faith but cannot guarantee or warrant the accuracy of this information nor warrant the condition of the vessel. A buyer should instruct his agents, or his surveyors, to investigate such details as the buyer desires validated. This vessel is offered subject to prior sale, price change, or withdrawal without notice. Some websites that link to us may not drag the full information across please feel free to click the link and ask for the full inventory.
Woolverstone Marina
Ipswich, Suffolk IP9 1AS
United Kingdom


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The Highlights of Chiang Mai
Gallery 1: Chiang Mai's food is one of the main attractions of the city and if you don't try some of the local delicacies, you're missing out on a slice of essential northern Thainess. If you're short on time, you should take one of the culinary food tours that showcase all the tasty delights of the region – from zesty khao soi curries to warming soups, street-side treats and traditional kan-dtok dinners.
Gallery 2: The history of Lanna at ancient temples, palaces and religious sites are among the main elements that make Chiang Mai so famous as a tourist destination.
We will keep adding more pictures of Chiang Mai, please stay tuned.
Notes to the editor
If images are needed for online media, low resolution pictures can be instantly saved (click right on the image, and click: save image as…).
If high-resolution images are needed for print media, please specify the reference number of the required picture and complete this photo request form. The photo reference number is indicated on each picture.
Please credit the use of the photo to the Tourism Authority of Thailand.
Contact Information
International Public Relations Division
Tourism Authority of Thailand
Tel: +66 (0) 2250 5500 ext. 4545-48
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Facebook: TAT Newsroom
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Monday 12 May 1947
It was Monday, under the sign of Taurus. The US president was Harry S. Truman (Democratic).
Famous people born on this day include Micheline Lanctot and Catherine Yronwode.
Born to Kill, directed by Robert Wise, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1947
On TV people were watching Café Continental.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 1947 or at May 12 across the years.
Old Newspapers
Have a look at the old newspapers from 12 May 1947 and get them!
Which were the most popular movies released in the last 30 days ?
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released in the last months ?
Find out your future
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 12 May 1947!
Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 12 May 1947 ?
- Saint Epiphanius
- Saint Domitilla
- Day of Finnishness in Finland; Commemoration day of J. V. Snellman.
- International Nurses Day
- Saint Modoald
- Buddhism in Sri Lanka, Thailand - Visakha Bucha. (2006) [1]
- Israel - Yom Ha'atzma'ut (Israeli Independence Day) for 2005: the observed date of this national holiday is determined by the Jewish Calendar.
- Blessed Imelda
- Saint Pancras (died 304), second of the Ice Saints
- Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church: Saints Achilleus and Nereus
- Saint Joan of Portugal
Famous Birthdays:
- Micheline Lanctot: American film actor, director and screenwriter.
- Catherine Yronwode: American writer and editor.
- Christian Daziano: French diplomat, who served as ambassador to Burundi (1999-2003), Benin (2003-2007) and Mozambique (2009-2012).
- Michael Ignatieff: Canadian writer, journalist, biographer, novelist, playwright, and Director of Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government.
- Stephen Raville: American legal tax advisor, economist and CEO of Advanced Telecommunications.
- The animated cartoon film ''Rabbit Transit'', directed by Friz Freleng, is released.
- The Cold War begins: In an effort to fight the spread of Communism, President Harry S. Truman signs an Act of Congress that implements the Truman Doctrine. This Act grants $400 million in military and economic aid to Turkey and Greece.
- David Lean's film ''Great Expectations'', based on the novel by Charles Dickens, opens in the United States. Critics call it the finest film ever made from a Charles Dickens novel.
Music Charts
Which were the top hits in that special week of May 1947 ?
Top #3 songs in the USA
- Frank Sinatra - Mam'selle
- Across The Alley From The Alamo - Mills Brothers
- I Never Knew - Sam Donahue & His Orchestra
Search For Your Ancestors
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Remember when
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Police Slang
Police Slang is a pocket sized companion to UK Police Slang. With a mixture of Official and Unofficial terms this book covers all areas of police life.
Brand Abson Books Category Police Guides Weight 0.04 KG Product Number 9780902920866
ReviewsWrite your reviewDelivery Information
In Stock orders placed before 15:00 online, or 14:30 over the phone, Monday-Friday will be dispatched same day. Please choose "Priority" delivery at the checkout for guaranteed next working day delivery or "Standard" for less urgent deliveries. Click for more details.UK Mainland Standard
Under £20 - Royal Mail 48 Tracked £2.99 £20 and over - Royal Mail 48 Tracked £5.99 £60 and over - Royal Mail 48 Tracked £0.00 Next Working Day £7.49 £60 and over - Next Working Day £4.99
If you're not completely happy with your purchase, we'll give you a refund or replacement. Click for more details.
Police Slang
Police Slang
£ 2.50 RRP £3.00UK Delivery £2.99 (Royal Mail Tracked) See details
Clearance Item!
Clearance items are usually heavily discounted and when sold will not be re-stocked. 24 In Stock


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Get hot leads sent directly to you
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Begin by typing the name of the project you sell below.
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Ready For Occupancy (Available through Cash or Bank Loan)
High Cathedral Ceiling, winding stairs, oversized living room, big garden, Double Door Entrance, Plenty of rooms, double dining area, double big kitchens are the description of the houses of those in a very high end subdivions in the country owned by a very affluent inviduals, this one is a snatch, located in an executive village inside BF Homes Paranaque, it has the same characteristics of those houses in Forbes Park and Ayala Alabang and the same lot area too but in a very reasonable price compare to those of high end villages. The house is just a minute away from Alabang Town Center, SM Southmall and skyway, see its overwhelming size and intricate architecture of this house.
a month
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|₱ 38,000,000
|Floor Area
|600 Sqm
|Lot Area
|780 Sqm
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|Date Listed
|Dec 2, 2015
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Aries | March 21 to April 19Your so-called "perfect crime" will be utterly transparent to anyone who's read pages 823-828 of O'Hara's Fundamentals Of Criminal Investigation.
Taurus | April 20 to May 20Plato claimed that our ideas are borne of our souls and not derived from our experience, but you get most of yours from the TV.
Gemini | May 21 to June 20Eventually, it will occur to you that every interesting thing that's happened in your life actually happened to someone around you, and you just watched.
Cancer | June 21 to July 22The point isn't that the emperor is unclothed, nor is it that no one dares acknowledge this. The point is that people think a naked emperor is sexier.
Leo | July 23 to Aug. 22You will be kept in the supermarket after it closes and forced to retake all the taste tests until you pass.
Virgo | Aug. 23 to Sept. 22You will experience great prosperity after realizing that people's best impulses can be used against them.
Libra | Sept. 23 to Oct. 22The letter code CAG is used to signify the amino acid glutamine. This will be extremely important next Thursday.
Scorpio | Oct. 23 to Nov. 21It turns out, you don't die if you hit the ground while falling in a dream. You merely lie in a pool of blood and bone shards until you wake up hours later.
Sagittarius | Nov. 22 to Dec. 21You will take refuge from a storm at a lonely roadside tavern, where strangers will regale you with some of the most boring stories you've ever heard.
Capricorn | Dec. 22 to Jan. 19Next Friday in the Kmart employee breakroom, you will be moved by a thought so achingly beautiful that you dare not share it with anyone, ever.
Aquarius | Jan. 20 to Feb. 18Sooner or later, you're going to have to fess up to those who blame Yoko Ono for breaking up The Beatles and tell them the terrible things you and Pete Best did.
Pisces | Feb. 19 to March 20The stars indicate, as tactfully as possible, that you may not have much of a future as a lyric poet.


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To no-one's surprise, she made an early visit to northeast B.C., where she could talk about her plan to exploit the region's natural gas, which she estimated could be worth more than a trillion dollars and help to make B.C. debt-free in 15 to 20 years.
The party also went to the expense of hiring a satellite-transmission truck so television reporters could get their footage out more easily from remote parts of the province.
"Pictures were extremely important," Mr. McDonald says. "We had a candidate who looked great. We wanted to take advantage of that." Mr. Sweeney says the Liberals also were better at marrying their message to the pictures. "If you looked at the 6 o'clock news, we were annihilating them every night."
One early campaign stop was Burns Lake, a remote community northwest of Prince George that a year earlier had lost its sawmill in a fire. It is small and out of the way, but Ms. Clark had personal reasons for going: Her visit to the town just after the fire had been one of her tougher moments as Premier, says communications adviser Ben Chin.
"She tells the story of walking into the community centre and having everyone just looking at her," he explains. "Without saying a word, their eyes said: 'What are you going to do for me?'
"The whole town depends on this mill. She couldn't promise the mill would reopen because she didn't know."
The government assured the U.S.-based owners they would have a ready supply of timber, so the mill is being rebuilt. Watching his boss speak at the ground-breaking ceremony, says Mr. Chin, 49, brought tears to his eyes. "That's when I knew I was working for the right person."
Meanwhile, the NDP was behaving as though the election were a foregone conclusion. It also had a very different take on the economy, and spent the first 10 days of the campaign laying out a platform that would include deficits the first three years of its mandate and hundreds of millions in spending promises.
This was just what the Clark team had been waiting for.
The Liberals had released their platform before the campaign, praying the NDP would angle for sustained media coverage by unveiling its program over the first week or so. This would allow them to create the image of a party willing to rack up bills with no real plan to pay them.
"It just made that out-of-control spending dynamic that we were trying to reinforce that much more powerful, and frankly easier," Mr. Guy says. "It played right into our hands."
To track the spending spree (and drive home the point), the Liberals erected the Spend-o-Meter, a grandiose electronic billboard, in a prominent location south of Vancouver.
Then came the coup de grâce.
4. 'Kinder surprise'
The NDP campaign was in Kamloops on Monday, April 22. It was Earth Day, and Adrian Dix decided to commemorate the annual show of support for environmental protection by making a surprising announcement.
If elected, he declared, the NDP would thwart a proposed expansion of the Kinder Morgan pipeline carrying Alberta crude oil to suburban Vancouver.
Mr. Dix had already stated his opposition to Northern Gateway, the controversial new pipeline being planned, but had taken a different view with Kinder Morgan. He had said that, as a matter of principle, he would wait to see the company's complete proposal before taking a position.
Now he was reversing course, saying he had decided in January he was opposed – a view not shared with his NDP colleagues, many of whom were stunned.
Initial reaction from the Liberals was muted. "We were confused at first," Neil Sweeney recalls. "We couldn't believe that he just woke up that day and decided to make that move ... We were trying to figure out why he did it, what was in it for them. Eventually, however, it occurred to us the gift that he'd given us."Report Typo/Error
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text:
- Authors:
- Subtitle:
- an investigation in art and technology
- Abstract:
- This chapter will deal with the intricate relationship between art and engineering science and technological innovation. It is claimed that contemporary engineering science and technologically innovative milieus are in need of value-driven artistic inspiration and knowledge. It is also the claim that art has moved onto an ontological level as it, in an open-ended way, meets technology and engineering environments. The chapter is divided into three distinct parts and reflects an overall constructivist way of dealing with the production of knowledge (Bijker, Hughes & Pinch 1987). First of all, we will trace the development in the modern era concerning the relationship between art, engineering, and technology. The reason should be found in the light of the fact, that art, to some extent, addresses ontological questions concerning technology. That is, if we have an understanding of how artists or groups of artists work with or look at technology, then we should be able to cope with fundamental questions concerning the development of engineering and technology. Both art and technology have been in clinch with the concept of modernity and the first part will deal with this aspect. The middle part will deal with conjectures and prejudices concerning the actual state of art within the realm of technology and engineering. These conjectures and prejudices will be related to contemporary use of technology and engineering science in the realm of art, because this implementation could give some answers to the questions raised in the chapter. The final and conclusive part of the chapter will be concerned with a fundamental question in all applied science: what is the use of it?
- 8773077658
- Type:
- Book chapter
- Language:
- English
- Published in:
- Engineering Science, Skills, and Bildung, 2006, p. 83-103
- Main Research Area:
- Science/technology
- Publication Status:
- Published
- Review type:
- Undetermined
- Publisher:
- Aalborg Universitetsforlag
- Submission year:
- 2006
- Scientific Level:
- Scientific
- 2186018145


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WBO light-heavyweight champion Sergey Kovalev is hoping to earn more titles to his boxing resume' by the end of the year.
Before he can pursue fellow champs Adonis Stevenson (WBC) and Bernard Hopkins (IBF), however, he will need to get past unbeaten challenger Cedric Agnew on March 29 at Boardwalk Hall's Adrian Phillips Ballroom in Atlantic City and on HBO's "Boxing After Dark.".
"Last year in my division, the best boxer was Stevenson," Kovalev said Thursday in a conference call. "Which means I need to beat him. But I have a big wish to win my next fight. I am ready for any fight in my division."
Kovalev (23-0-1, 21 KOs), a 30-year-old native of Russia now living in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., is considered the best 175-pounder in some boxing circles. He went 4-0 last year and none of his bouts lasted past the fourth round. He is 7-0 with seven knockouts/TKOs since settling for a second-round technical draw against unheralded Grover Young at the Playboy Mansion in Beverly Hills, Calif., in 2011.
Kovalev won the WBO crown with a fourth-round TKO over then-undefeated Nathan Cleverly last Aug. 17, then defended it with a second-round knockout over Ismayl Sillah on Nov. 30.
"We are beyond excited to make this fight official," Main Events president Kathy Duva said. "Sergey is must-see television and Cedric (26-0, 13 KOs) is a young fighter testing his skills against a champion. This is exactly the kind of fight we should be putting on."
"No matter what we will see a sensational performance from Sergey, but he has to stay focused. His style is so exciting and electrifying, but I can't say the outcome is preordained. The real challenge is not to get distracted by fights that are not scheduled yet."
Agnew, a 27-year-old from Chicago, is ranked 15th by the WBO, though hasn't faced many top fighters aside from a 12-round, unanimous decision over former contender Yusaf Mack last April. Only nine of his 26 opponents had winning records at the time he fought them, according to boxrec.com.
Yet, Agnew didn't seem too concerned about taking a major step up in competition.
"I think (Kovalev) is a decent fighter, but I don't see anything spectacular coming from him," Agnew said. "In my personal opinion, I think think he is just ordinary. This is a great fight for us. We wouldn't have taken it if we didn't think we would win. He can be hurt just like anyone else."
Vineland junior-middleweight Ismael Garcia (5-0, 3 KOs) is scheduled to be on the undercard against New York resident Dushane Crooks (6-0, 4 KOs). Atlantic City super-middleweight Rafael Jastrzebski is slated to fight Paterson's Michael Mitchell (2-3-2). Mitchell is coming off a four-round, unanimous decision loss to Egg Harbor Township's Gabriel Pham (6-0, 2 KOs) last month at Golden Nugget Atlantic Cityi. ... Tickets range from $26 to $152 and are available at Boardwalk Hall, host Caesars Atlantic City, Main Events and through Ticketmaster. ... Doors to the ballroom open at 6:30 with the first undercard bout slated for 7 p.m. HBO will start its broadcast at 10 p.m.


text:
- What's New for Groups
- Amish Country
- Amish Country Group Experiences
- Group Planning Services
- Sample Itineraries
- Tastings along the Heritage Trail
- Quilt Gardens
- Luck of the Irish, Taste of the Amish
- Art n' Amish Tour
- Indiana Treasures Tour
- Hands-on Activities for Groups
- Fall Frolic
- Amish Country Along the Heritage Trail
- Girls Fun in Amish Country
- Arts, Food, & Artists
- Grand Time with Grandma & Grandpa
- Special Group Offers
- Group Accommodations
- Ask For Rates & Dates
- Group Attractions, Dining, Shopping
- Events and Entertaining Your Group
- Guides & Receptive Tour Operators
- Exit 92
- Request Group Planning Resources
- FAM Application
- Testimonials
- Meeting & Event Facilities
- Weddings
- Family Reunions
Sample Group Travel Itineraries
We've done all the work for you by selecting the most popular activities and attractions and grouping them in suggested tours. All can be edited and customized to your interests and needs. Plus we'll help you select from a wide range of lodging and dining options. Your group experience is our top priority. Let us help you plan it.
Luck of the Irish, Taste of the Amish
3 days/2 nights PDF 3 MB Full, timed itinerary Enjoy the visual splendor as your tour the campus of the…
Tastings along the Heritage Trail
Gail Martin is a local celebrity who hosts one of the most popular and longest running locally-produced shows, Dinner and…
Art n' Amish Tour
See the works of some of America's greatest artists and interact with three dimensional public art. Enjoy sweeping views lunching…
Family Fun in Amish Country
Plan a tour that spans GENERATIONS. It's one big happy family as grandparents and grandkids have a grand time and…
Amish Country Along the Heritage Trail
Tour country roads more traveled by buggies than cars. Visit shops filled with wares grandma would have used. Get a…
Arts, Food, & Artists…along the Heritage Trail
More than a million vibrant blooms planted in 19 eye-popping quilt patterned gardens and 21 outdoor hand-painted quilt art murals…
Girls Fun in Amish Country
See exquisite quilts and Quilt Gardens. Delight in nature at a botanic garden and watch artisans at work in their…
Garden Party!
Go green and spend the day visiting some of the most eye-popping, charming and unusual gardens and gardening centers in…
Indiana Treasures Tour
Indiana invites you on a multi-day journey revealing the distinctive, authentic and varied gems of Southern, Central and Northern Indiana.…
Fall Frolic
Experience the best of autumn -vibrantly colored trees, lively hayrides, just-picked juicy apples and freshly pressed cider. Visit Indiana's oldest…
Hands-on Activities for Groups
Personalized Birdhouse at B&L Woodcraft - $16 pp incl Vist B&L Woodcraft Amish furniture shop and custom make your own…
AMISH COUNTRY CHRISTMAS PACKAGE at Das Dutchman Essenhaus, Middlebury
Thursday, Friday & Saturday Night Arrivals, December 1-17, 2017* $149 per person based upon double occupancy** The holiday season in…


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text:
- migraineur
- noun Etymology: probably from migraine + -eur (as in entrepreneur) Date: 1970 an individual who experiences migraines
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
migraineur — / œrˈ/ noun A person who suffers migraines • • • Main Entry: ↑migraine … Useful english dictionary
migraineur — noun One who experiences migraines … Wiktionary
migraineur — mi·grain·eur .mē gre nər n an individual who experiences migraines * * * mi·grain·eur (me″gran oorґ) [Fr.] a person who suffers from migraine … Medical dictionary
migraineur — /mɪgreɪˈnɜ/ (say migray ner) noun Medicine a person who suffers from migraine headaches. {French} … Australian English dictionary
scintillating scotoma — Also known as flittering scotoma, fortification spectrum, fortification figure, fortification of Vauban, geometrical spectrum, herringbone, Norman arch, telehopsia, and teichopsia. The term scintillating scotoma is indebted to the Latin noun… … Dictionary of Hallucinations
Dodgson, Charles Lutwidge — (1832 1898) Better known as Lewis Carroll. A British mathematician, and member of the Society for Psychical Research (SPR), as well as an author of children s books, who is probably best known for his Alice s Adventures in Wonderland.As… … Dictionary of Hallucinations
fortification spectrum — Also known as fortification figure, fortification of Vauban, geometrical spectrum, herringbone, flittering scotoma, Norman arch, scintillating scotoma, telehopsia, and teichopsia. The introduction of the term fortification spectrum is commonly … Dictionary of Hallucinations


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Lyndon Baines Johnson was one of the most astute, effective, and perplexing politicians in modern American history. Determined to "out Kennedy the Kennedys", LBJ pushed through historic social legislation on a scale that rivaled FDR's New Deal. Join local author and presidential historian Jim Robenalt to explore the Civil Rights Movement, Cleveland and the unrest that eventually drove LBJ from his office. RSVP today!
Cleveland Play House


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Hello everyone! Stanleylouis here. Second Moulin Rouge story! I hope you enjoy it!
Chapter 1: The Decision
I sit on my bed, staring at the red carpet, not taking it in. My wild elephant home, so festive and uplifting usually, is now somehow dismal and sad. It's as if its décor is just a cover up, a mask, to hide my true feelings. Just like how elderly women wore bright red lipstick and overly powdered cheeks to hide their old age, it seemed as if I had my beautifully vibrant room because I lived in such sad circumstances, having to pay with my body for everything I needed.
You're dying, Satine…
I can't take it in. Me? Dying? Impossible. I had been so focused on getting through with the Duke and Christian that I couldn't even think about me being sick. I mean, I had been feeling terrible for the past few weeks, but I hadn't been able to work it out as far as… me dying.
I had just been talking to Harold in my dressing room. I had entered it with such high hopes, dreams of leaving with Christian, running away from the world, taking everyone by surprise. We would have finally won, even if the Duke did chase after us, even if our lives were in constant danger. It didn't matter, because we were together.
But now… What was the point in escaping now? I was dying. The time I would have gotten to spent with Christian free would never be worth the pain it would cause Christian when I died and left him alone. He would have the Duke after him for no reason, and without me.
My thoughts drifted to Christian again. Christian… His face gleaming with determination. His dark hair tousled and in his face as his bright eyes peered through to me. I couldn't bear being without him. Putting my face in my hands, I began to sob, rocking back and forth on the edge of my bed. Why now? I'm too young to die. I know it's a cliché, but it was true. I had finally gotten to live with Christian, and now I had to leave?
Tears are running through my fingers as I think about how much I'll hurt Christian. He didn't deserve this. He saved me from my miserable life, and all I could do was die and leave him alone?
No. I had to do as Harold said, and tell Christian that I didn't love him anymore. It would hurt him, yes, and it would kill me, but I didn't have much to live for anyway. I would tell him.
But… An image popped into my head of Christian getting the news. I winced even though it hadn't happened yet, for I could tell what would happen. Christian, so ready and willing for love, would be damaged forever from my betrayal. He would come to me anyway, for he loved me more than life itself.
He loved me, and needed my love. If it was the one thing I could give Christian before I died, than I would. I had received so much happiness in the past weeks, so much joy, just because of him. I owed him everything. With these simple thoughts, I made up my mind.
I'm sorry, Harold, I thought to myself as I finished packing the bag that I had brought up with me, slamming it shut with a resounding thunk, and looking at my room one last time before closing the door. I have to do this.
End of Chapter One
I know, short chapter, and there's not much to go on from here. But the next chapter will have more action in it. Tell me what you think!


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Blu Bridal by Mori Lee 5363
- Brand: Blu Bridal by Mori Lee
- Style #: 5363 - Quick Delivery*
- Availability: In Stock
Embroidered Appliqués on Net with Wide Hemline Border and Crystal Beaded Trim ~ Available in Three Lengths: 55", 58", 61"
*Not all styles are available in store*
Quick Delivery Items:
- Light Gold: 10
*Listed above are sizes and colors available to order from the designer. We do not have all pieces in stock in our store to try on. Please call for more information.


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Khloe Kardashian: I find it hard to 'trust' people
Khloe Kardashian finds it hard to "trust" people.
The 'Keeping Up With The Kardashians' star admits she finds it difficult to "believe" people nowadays.
She wrote on Twitter: "So hard to trust and believe these days. Hummmmmmm that's why I stay to myself. I love to write and hopefully inspire but I get frustrated when people assume they know who I'm writing about. It ruins my willingness to share something special (sic)"
Meanwhile, the 31-year-old television personality previously revealed she feels "a little safer" dating another celebrity.
She shared: "I used to wonder why celebrities only dated celebrities, but when you're in it you understand. You feel a little safer. If you're seen with someone on your first date, you're automatically getting married the next day. It's so extreme! So when you're two celebrities, you can keep it really quiet at first, to see if you even like each other. Dating someone in your world is a little easier.
"Our family has way more information about [us] online than any other, and it's always so bizarre when you meet someone and see their perception of you. Sometimes I feel like I have to prove people wrong, and that's weird. It's easy to meet people, but you don't know if you're meeting them for the right reasons. Knowing who to trust is hard."
And Khloe also revealed she dislikes how she is automatically romantically linked to someone as soon as she's seen out with them.
She added: "I don't try to do things to get people to like me. The thing I dislike the most [about being a Kardashian] is the judgment on us. If I want to go out with a group of friends, it's never as harmless as that. There has to be some story the next day that I'm dating somebody."


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Citation Edit
U.S. Senate Commerce Committee, Science and Transportation, Office of Oversight and Investigations Majority Staff, Aggressive Sales Tactics on the Internet and Their Impact on American Consumers (Nov. 17, 2009) (full-text).
Overview Edit
This is a Staff Report of an investigation into a set of controversial e-commerce business practices that have generated high volumes of consumer complaints. The staff investigated three Connecticut-based direct marketing companies — Affinion, Vertrue, and Webloyalty — as well as the hundreds of websites and retailers that partner with these three companies to sell club memberships to online shoppers. Although the investigation was not yet complete, it was clear that these three companies use highly aggressive sales tactics to charge millions of American consumers for services the consumers did not want and did not understand they had purchased.


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Ryan Howard Injury
October 8, 2011 by staff
Ryan Howard Injury, The Phillies are awaiting the results of an MRI, but after Ryan Howard's party reaction to his injury, believed to be a torn Achilles tendon, sounds ominous.
"I was trying to run and I felt the pop and the whole thing went numb, like it was in the fire," according to Philly.com. "It literally felt like I had a flat tire. I tried to get up and could not go."
Howard, who hit just 2-for-19 for the series, probably would not have reached first base, even if it had fallen on his way to first base.
"I hit the ball better than me. I was in the garden," he said. "I stumbled and tried to stand. The adrenaline in me was a kind of march. I looked up and saw (Nick) Point had the ball and had shot and could not go. I could not feel anything in my ankle. It sucks . It sucks. "
Please feel free to send if you have any questions regarding this post , you can contact on
Disclaimer: The views expressed on this site are that of the authors and not necessarily that of U.S.S.POST.


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Music is a very important part of the worship experience at Federated. If you are interested in singing with any of our many choirs, ringing with our bell choir or dancing with our liturgical dancers, please read on.
The Ensemble
The Ensemble is the choir that sings at the 9 a.m. worship service on most Sunday mornings. The group rehearses on Tuesday evenings from 7:30 p.m. - 9:30 p.m. from late August through May.
Chancel Choir
The Chancel Choir is the adult choir that routinely sings at the 11 a.m. worship service. The group rehearses on Thursday evenings from 7:00 p.m. - 9:00 p.m. from September through May. This choir is open to anyone who enjoys singing and the fellowship of a fun group of people.
Jambo is an ad hoc ensemble of 8th through 12th grade students that participates in worship at various times throughout the church year. Membership is open and all are welcome. Inquire by contacting Chris Ludwa at firstname.lastname@example.com and we'll put you on the list.
Federated Brass & Bell Street Band
The Federated Brass are an ad hoc ensemble, typically a brass quartet or quintet, made up of trumpets, trombone, horn, and tuba in multiple combinations. Often they partner with the Alive360 Band to become the Bell Street Band, a Dixieland ensemble. Instrumentalists that want to participate should contact Chris Ludwa at email@example.com for an audition.
Alive360 Band
This band plays at various times throughout the church year as needed, adding percussion, bass, drums, piano and other elements to programming to enhance the sense of energy and style. Instrumentalists who want to participate should contact Chris Ludwa at email@example.com for an audition.
Children's Choir
This group is open to children in 1st through 8th grades. The group rehearses on Mondays from 4:00 p.m. to 4:45 p.m. from September through May.
Contact Pat Haynish at email@example.com for more information.
Bell Choir
The Bell Choir is a group of bell ringers who rehearse on Thursday evenings from 7:00 p.m. – 8:30 p.m. throughout the program year (September – May). They perform in worship about once a month.
Contact director, Thaddeus Quintin at firstname.lastname@example.com for more information.
Leap of Faith Liturgical Dancers
This small group of dancers performs in worship several times throughout the year. They choreograph their own dances and rehearse on an as-needed basis. For some background information and to view a video of the dancers, click here.
Contact Dawn Dole at firstname.lastname@example.com or 440-338-3543 if you would like more information.
Photo credit - Carl Jenks


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I met this guy through work and he started talking recently. We went on our first date and we did a lot of talking and getting to know each other. We've been texting back and forth and sometimes I don't know if he's being flirty or he's talking horny. Last night, we were suppose to go somewhere but then he bailed saying that he was sick. Today, he told me he's feeling a lot better. Later on, he asked me to go to his place to watch a movie and hang out... does that men he wants sex? I am looking for a relationship and I'm not sure if that's his intention. Also, will the guy still look at me as a girlfriend material if we have sex before being in a relationship? Help!!!
Most Helpful Guy
That man is on some bullshit. Keep it pushing or play silly games like he does. You don't simply get better the next day. You should've chilled with him while he was sick that way you are sure. Fixed his ass some soup.
Hell no he won't see you as gf material if your fuck before a relationship because it'll be a relationship based off sex and he'll want it anytime or he would not respect it as more.
Maybe he didn't want to be seen out with you and that's why he bailed. That shit happens a lot to many people. Try to go out again.00|00|0


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New poster here. Minnesota St Paul area.I use a 24" Smoke Vault,Lyfe Tyme camp stove and 4 burner gasser. I will be doing my first 2 Butts in the SV this weekend. Wish me luck.. fyi, I'm 64 retired and love it!
post #1 of 4
6/17/16 at 11:48am
Thread Starter


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High Waist Skinny Boot Jean
- Approx. 17 in. leg opening
- Approx. 32 in. inseam
- 72% cotton, 26% polyester, 2% spandex
- Machine wash
- Model wears size 3
- Imported
Make a style statement in this fashion-forward skinny boot jean. Crafted with a dark blue wash, it features a high waist construction along with a 3-shank and zip closure. Super skinny fit to calf. Flares out from calf.


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Delicate Arch Hike
Posted on October 1, 2013 by Michael Sproul
One of my favorite things to do when I have friends come from out of town is to take them to places that make Utah amazing. I always start off by taking them to visit one of Utah's 5 National Parks all within around 4 hours from Salt Lake. I love taking people to Arches because there is something magical about an arch especially Delicate Arch. The arch skyrockets over 80 feet in the air out of the ground. This hike is easy and almost anyone can and should do it.
The last time I visited Arches National Park I wanted to do something a bit different; we planned to hike to delicate arch by full moonlight so we could watch the sunrise. We decided it would be best to stay at Lazy Lizard Hostel instead of camp due to the cold fall weather. We woke up at 4:30 AM and drove to the trail head. We turned off the car and looked up. Within a few moments our eyes adjusted; the moon beamed bright leading us on our way.
The hike is only about 1.5 miles each way so we reached the arch with plenty of time to spare. We found a spot to sit down and looked up. Despite the full moon we could see an infinite number of stars. We sat quietly in amazement waiting for the sunrise. We didn't really take into account where exactly the arch was in relation to how the sun would come up. We soon realized that the sun would not pass through the arch which made us a bit sad; however, the sunrise was still amazing as we could see for miles and miles as the sun poked through the light clouds.
Was it worth getting up at 4:30 AM? Absolutely! Having done the trail countless times in the day doing it at night provided a completely different take on something I had done over and over.
About Arches National Park:
In the middle of Utah is one of the most famous National Parks in the United States. Arches National Park brings hoards of visitors each year to witness magnificent arches. Delicate Arch may be the most famous arch in the world. The arch comes towers over 80 feet tall and provides spectacular views of the surrounding area.
The hike is considered easy and is about 1.5 miles each way. The first part of the trail is on a wide and well defined trail until you reach the base of a steep sandstone hill, from there make sure you follow the cairns (small pile of rocks) to help guide you on your way. Right before you get to Delicate Arch you pass Frame Arch on the right.
As you turn the corner on your final approach you will be able to see the arch. Take time to enjoy a snack or lunch and take a picture under the arch. Just make sure to be respectful of others and be quick so others can take pictures too.
Directions to Arches:
Arches National Park is about 5 miles outside of Moab (About 3.5 hours from Salt Lake City). Enter the park and then follow the signs about11.7 miles on the main road and make a right turn for about 1.2 miles to the trailhead parking lot. Just make sure to come early enough because during peak times the parking lot will be full and your hike will become a lot longer!
You can stay either inside the park at the campgrounds or find a motel in the city of Moab.
Latest posts by Michael Sproul (see all)
- Beating Jetlag - May 2, 2014
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- The Insider's Guide To Guernsey - January 15, 2014
Category: Hikes, My Travels Tags: hiking, zion national park


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What is the Plymouth Award?
The Plymouth Award recognises and celebrates your achievements outside of your studies.
Many Plymouth University students already make significant contributions to the life of the University and the communities in which they live and work. The Plymouth Award is one way of showing how valuable these contributions are and highlighting the learning and personal growth you gain from these activities.
When you complete the Plymouth Award you'll receive a certificate that is nationally recognised by employers.


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Top White Papers and Webcasts
Use a CARTA Strategic Approach to Embrace Digital Business Opportunities in an Era of Advanced Threats
You know that visibility is critical to security. You simply can't secure what you can't see. Read this Gartner research note to learn why visibility through a continuous adaptive risk and trust assessment (CARTA) approach is key to securing digital business. Download now to learn eight ways this approach can be deployed to optimize the visibility into your organization's cloud services, mobile endpoints, and digital ecosystems.
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Learn how a Data Fabric powered by NetApp can help you: Evaluate hybrid cloud strategies to meet your needs Address cloud-based data management challenges Move, manage, and protect data across the hybrid cloud with a Data Fabric


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 23, 2010
|Filing date
|Mar 23, 2005
|Priority date
|Mar 23, 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Henry Mitchel, James (JR-Shian) Tsai, Gerald Lebizay, Prakash Iyer, Asher Altman, Farid Adrangi, Alan Stone
|Original Assignee
|Intel Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (13), Non-Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (3), Classifications (16), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
It is becoming more important to be able to provide telecommunication services to subscribers which are relatively inexpensive as compared to cable and other land line technologies. Further, the increased use of mobile applications has resulted in much focus on developing wireless systems capable of delivering large amounts of data at relatively high speeds.
In development of mobile wireless broadband networks an ongoing issue is how to address mobile handover for a mobile station to switch between a serving network access station and a target network access station with low latency and/or low packet loss.
Aspects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention in reference to the appended drawing in which like numerals denote like elements and in which:
While the following detailed description may describe example embodiments of the present invention in relation to wireless networks utilizing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, the embodiments of present invention are not limited thereto and, for example, can be implemented using other modulation and/or coding schemes where suitably applicable. Further, while example embodiments are described herein in relation to handover for mobile broadband wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs), the invention is not limited thereto and can be applied to other types of wireless networks where similar advantages may be obtained. Such networks specifically include, if applicable, wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless personal area networks (WPANs) and/or wireless wide area networks (WWANs) such a cellular networks and the like.
The following inventive embodiments may be used in a variety of applications including transmitters and receivers of a radio system, although the present invention is not limited in this respect. Radio systems specifically included within the scope of the present invention include, but are not limited to, network interface cards (NICs), network adaptors, mobile stations, base stations, access points (APs), gateways, bridges, hubs and routers. Further, the radio systems within the scope of the invention may include cellular radiotelephone systems, satellite systems, personal communication systems (PCS), two-way radio systems and two-way pagers as well as computing devices including radio systems such as personal computers (PCs) and related peripherals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal computing accessories and all existing and future arising systems which may be related in nature and to which the principles of the inventive embodiments could be suitably applied.
Turning to
In one embodiment, network 100 may include a core network 110 and two or more network access stations 132, 134, 136, 138 facilitating connection between fixed and/or mobile subscriber stations (not shown) and core network 110.
Core network 110 may include various wired and/or wireless devices (e.g. including hardware and/or software) which enable subscribers to communicate with other subscribers, servers and/or various other host networks such as a cellular network (e.g., 3G cellular), public switched telephone network (PSTN) and/or packet switched networks such as wired or wireless Internet Protocol networks. In one embodiment, core network 110 may include one or more service nodes 112-118 (referred to in non-limiting embodiments below as radio network service nodes (RNSNs)) to interface network access stations 132, 134, 136, 138 with core network 110.
Network access stations 132, 134, 136, 138 (also referred to in non-limiting example embodiments herein as access points (APs) or base stations) may be any component or combination of components for providing over-the-air (OTA) link access between core network 110 and the subscriber stations. In certain embodiments, APs 132, 134, 136, 138 may communicate with subscribers using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and/or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) modulation techniques although the inventive embodiments are not limited in this respect.
To help achieve minimum service levels, core network 110 may be configured to communicate with APs 132, 134, 136, 138 using multi-protocol label switching (MPLS). MPLS is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) initiative that integrates Layer 2 information about network links (e.g., bandwidth, latency, utilization) into Layer 3 (IP) within a particular autonomous system—or Internet service provider (ISP)—in order to simplify and improve IP-packet exchange. When packets enter a MPLS-based network, Label Edge Routers (LERs) give them a label (identifier). These labels may not only contain information based on the routing table entry (e.g., destination, bandwidth, delay, and other metrics), but also may refer to the IP header field (source IP address), Layer 4 socket number information, and/or differentiated levels of service. Once this classification is complete and mapped, different packets may be assigned to corresponding Labeled Switch Paths (LSPs) or tunnels, where Label Switch Routers (LSRs) place outgoing labels on the packets.
APs 132, 134, 136, 138 may be stand alone units having traditional base station architectures or can be implemented using a combination of architectures such as an access point controller (APC) in conjunction with one or more separate access point transceivers (APTs) (e.g., AP 132 as shown in
Accordingly, pre-provisioned MPLS tunnels may be used to provide QoS-aware traffic-engineered paths between the APs and RNSNs of network 100 as shown in
For mobile deployment situations, APs 132, 134, 136 may be geographically arranged to provide overlapping radio frequency (RF) link coverage to a mobile subscriber station (e.g., MSS) as it moves through the various regions covered by network 100.
An MSS moving between geographic regions in network 100, for example between a region covered by AP 132 and a region covered by AP 134, may require a physical (PHY) link handover between its presently serving AP (e.g., AP 132) and an AP more proximate to the region into which the MSS is moving (e.g., target AP 134). A significant constraint on the handover may be the time delay (or latency) experienced in completing the PHY layer handover. According to the various inventive embodiments herein, the handover may occur without significant delay (i.e., latency) and/or without significant packet loss. Even in the case where the PHY layer handoff experiences some latency, the Layer 3 session may not be interrupted; that is, for example, the IP connections between an MSS and its correspondent host will continue.
Turning to
In one embodiment, the multicast 242 may be initiated by a L2 trigger sent by the MSS 210 although, the serving AP 220 or other network entity may alternatively initiate and/or indicate the need for handoff. Multicasting 242 makes packets available to all target APs 240 to which the MSS 210 will possibly connect to during handover, thus allowing packets to get to the MSS 210 no matter where it is connected, and without significant interruption or delay in packet flow.
As used herein the following terms are intended to have the following definitions. A "Layer 2 trigger" (or L2 trigger) is a Layer 2 message from the MSS (e.g. a MAC message such as MOB-HO-IND, or MOB-MSSHO-REQ) that indicates the MSS is contemplating or is ready to initiate a handover.
"Multicasting" or a "multicast" may mean either a true multicast in which a multicast group is pre-established and used, or it may be a multi-unicast (including bi-cast) in which a router simply duplicates packets on each of two or more unicast flows. The "serving AP" is the AP to which the MSS is connected at the beginning of the handover. The "target AP" is the one or more APs to which the MSS may be connected at the end of the handover. As there may be multiple target APs, the number of legs of the multicast may be indeterminate. The potential indeterminate nature of the target APs means that pre-provisioning multicast groups might create difficulties, which is why one might wish to simply multi-unicast rather than use true multicast. For example, the time needed to dynamically set up and tear down multicast groups might exceed the time required for handovers to occur, which may be, for example, a few tens of milliseconds.
With the inventive embodiments for mobile handoff discussed herein, the handover may be nearly lossless because no (or very few) packets are lost during handover. The handover is considered to experience low-latency because the multicast is set up before the actual handover occurs, and thus packets are sent ahead of the MSS so that the packets are there when it connects to a target AP.
In one embodiment, an L2 or other type of trigger message may be sent 212 by MSS 210 to Serving AP 220 to indicate its desire to hand off. The trigger message may include a designator or name for each target AP 230 to which MSS 210 may connect to, although the inventive embodiments are not limited in this respect. The serving AP 220 may then notify 222 the RNSN 240, for example via a specific message or through signaling or control bits, of the impending handover including the potential target APs 230. In other embodiments, RNSN 240 may be notified of impending handover directly by MSS 210 (e.g., without interaction from serving AP 220) or by serving AP 220 without interaction or messages from MSS 210.
RNSN 240 or other network entity may also determine whether an Inter-RNSN Handover procedure is necessary (Inter-RNSN handover is discussed below in reference to
RNSN 240 then multicasts 242, or in the case of a single target AP bi-casts, the packets for MSS 210 to both serving AP 220 and target AP 230, thus maintaining its original flow to serving AP 220 while simultaneously or nearly simultaneously forwarding the same (e.g., duplicated packets) to all target APs.
When MSS 210 re-enters 214 the network by connecting to target AP 230, RNSN 240 may be informed 232 that the handover is complete, for example, by target AP 230 (which now becomes the serving AP) sending a "Handoff Complete" message or other indicator to RNSN 240. RNSN 240 may modify the MSS's binding relationship from serving AP 220 to target AP 230 in, for example, a classifier lookup table maintained by RNSN 240.
The multicast approach is suited well for the case where there is multiple potential target APs, as does the actual 802.16e message MOB-MSSHO-REQ. For example, assuming that the initial handoff request might be in the form of a MOB-MSSHO-REQ message, then it is quite possible (and indeed it is expected although not required) for there to be a subsequent request, for example, in the form of a MOB-HO-IND, which may indicate only a single target AP. Accordingly, it possible for there to be a subsequent network modification message 222 from serving AP 220 to RNSN 240 indicating that second change, after which RNSN 240 might update its classifier table to only forward packets to serving AP 220 and the (now single) target AP 230. Thus the messaging sequences shown in
During multicasting to target APs 230, it my be desirable to buffer packets received at target AP 230 until either MSS 210 connects to target AP 230 or MSS 210 connects to another target AP. The techniques for buffering these packets may be implementation specific considering, for example, the acceptable potential loss of packets, buffering capacity in the network nodes and the de-optimization factor of having too many duplicate packets. In various embodiments a buffering policy for buffering at the target APs may be used to handle what is to be done with packets coming from an RNSN that are destined for an MSS but which the target AP is not aware. Some possible considerations are discussed below.
Assuming that the time it takes a packet to get from the RNSN to a target AP is defined as its "transit time" and the time that it takes the MSS to physically disconnect and reconnect is defined as the "disconnect time". If the target AP is configured to drop packets destined for an "unknown" MSS which arrived as a result of the multicasting by an RNSN, when the transit time is less than the disconnect time, then there may be packet loss.
Alternatively, the target AP might buffer these packets for a period of time as mentioned above. However, the question how long to buffer these packets becomes a consideration. For example, if the buffering time is too short, it may be analogous to dropping packets which may result in packet loss as mentioned previously. By way of contrast, if buffering time is too long, then three things could potentially occur: (i) the target AP runs out of buffering capacity; (ii) the target AP may be buffering packets already been received by the MSS (thus when they are sent after the MSS reconnects there may be a lot of duplicates); and (iii) real-time packets may be stale (a real-time packet is one that must get to the destination in reasonable time, or else it is not useful, for example, a voice over IP (VoIP) packet must reach the destination in time to be used in the conversation when it is needed).
Accordingly, in preferred implementations, the target AP will be configured to buffer these packets for a while, but not too long. The amount of buffering time might thus be a parameter that is provisioned and changeable, for example, on a slowly varying basis. In one embodiment, the buffering time may be set to be a threshold value greater than the average disconnect time. A target value for this parameter might be set, for example, three standard deviations above the mean of the disconnect time. This would provide some duplicate packets but also relatively lossless handover to the vast majority of MSS's. The buffering time may be adjusted by various implementation algorithms (for example, at the discretion of a network architect or management program) to optimize desired performance.
An alternative approach may be the use of heuristic buffering. For heuristic buffering, the RNSN may use a protocol with each AP to enable them to be aware of the received state of each packet at the MSS. For example, the RNSN may be configured to add an additional header or signaling to each packet, which contains a sequence number. Further the RNSN may do header compression, e.g. robust header compression (ROHC), at the same time to increase the efficiency of the access network. Additional protocol messages such as use of acknowledgments (ACKs), could enable an RNSN to know that each packet has made it to the MSS.
Using this approach, an RNSN rather than the target APs, could buffer most of the packets (again using some buffering policy) because the RNSN is often a stateful and high-end network box capable of doing more complex procedures, such as looking into real-time protocol packets and dropping those that were stale, and preferentially dropping TCP packets since they could be retransmitted, should it become necessary. The RNSN may then send only a few packets at a time to each target AP with those few packets being the next ones which the MSS would most likely need as soon as it reconnected. This approach can be guaranteed lossless (to the extent allowed by the disconnect time), and is highly efficient, but more complex. This approach may further require a reliable multicast protocol from the RNSN to the APs with some additional control messages that allow, for example, the RNSN to inform the other AP(s) that the MSS has connected somewhere else and that they may drop all the packets previously sent, or that the MSS is still communicating with the serving AP so the target AP(s) may drop the first N packets that had already been sent.
Turning to
Accordingly, when the serving AP 320 notifies 322 the serving RNSN 340 of the impending handover, the serving RNSN 340 may determine whether an inter-RNSN Handover procedure is necessary. If it is an intra-RNSN handover, then the procedure described in reference to
The packets destined for MSS 310 may now be sent 342 by serving RNSN 340 to both serving AP 320 and to target RNSN 350 (via, for example, MPLS tunnels between serving RNSN 340 and target RNSN 350). Target RNSN 350 may then forward these packets to target AP 330. Consequently, both serving AP 320 and target AP 330 may receive the packets for MSS substantially simultaneously even though the respective APs are associated with different RNSNs.
If the handover trigger indicated multiple possible Target APs, including some associated with serving RNSN 340 and some associated with target RNSN 340, it is possible that either or both the serving and target RNSNs 340, 350 could multicast or multi-unicast to the various target APs 330. As before, buffering of the packets by the RNSNs and/or target APs is implementation specific and may be done, if at all, in a variety of ways.
When MSS 310 re-enters 314 the network at the target AP 330, target AP 330 may notify 332 target RNSN 350 (now the serving RNSN) of the network re-entry via, for example, packet signaling or a handoff complete message carrying the MSS ID. In turn, target RNSN 350 may notify 352 serving RNSN 340 of the completed handoff via signaling or messaging, which may include the MSS ID. Notification of the completed handoff 352 may be used to trigger the serving RNSN 330 to free up its MSS contex and stop multicasting.
Referring to
In one example embodiment, RF interface 410 may be any component or combination of components adapted to send and receive multi-carrier modulated signals (e.g., OFDM) although the inventive embodiments are not limited to any particular modulation scheme. RF interface 410 may include, for example, a receiver 412, a transmitter 414 and a frequency synthesizer 416. Interface 410 may also include bias controls, a crystal oscillator and/or one or more antennas 418, 419 if desired. Furthermore, RF interface 510 may alternatively or additionally use external voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), surface acoustic wave filters, intermediate frequency (IF) filters and/or radio frequency (RF) filters as desired. Various RF interface designs and their operation are known in the art and the description thereof is therefore omitted.
In some embodiments interface 410 may be configured to be compatible with one or more of the IEEE 802.16 standards contemplated for broadband wireless networks, although the embodiments are not limited in this respect.
Processing portion 450 may communicate with RF interface 410 to process receive/transmit signals and may include, by way of example only, an analog-to-digital converter 452 for down converting received signals, a digital-to-analog converter 454 for up converting signals for transmission, and a baseband processor 456 for physical (PHY) link layer processing of respective receive/transmit signals. Processing portion 450 may also include or be comprised of a processing circuit 459 for medium access control (MAC)/data link layer processing.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, MAC processing circuit 459 may include a handoff manager feature which, in combination with additional circuitry such as buffer memory 458, may function to process and generate handoff messaging and/or buffer multicast packets as described previously. Alternatively or in addition, baseband processing circuit 456 may share processing for certain of these functions or perform these processes independent of MAC processing circuit 459. MAC and PHY processing may also be integrated into a single circuit if desired. Apparatus 400 may also include, or interface with, a station management entity 460 which may control or assist in control/tracking of mobile handoffs, quality of service (QoS) attributes and/or other features. Additionally apparatus 400 may include or interface with a MPLS label edge router 470 or other MPLS device to facilitate MPLS tunnels with service nodes such as the RNSNs previously discussed.
Apparatus 400 may be, for example, a wireless base station or AP, wireless router and/or network adaptor for computing devices. Accordingly, the previously described functions and/or specific configurations of apparatus 400 could be included or omitted as suitably desired.
Embodiments of apparatus 400 may be implemented using single input single output (SISO) architectures. However, as shown in
Turning to
Service node 500 may further include one or more look-up tables 540 or other memory for storing the binding relationships between APs, MSSs and/or other service nodes. Further, depending on the implementation, service node 500 may include one or more memories 530 for buffering MSS packets during mobile handoff as discussed above.
The components and features of apparatus 400 and or service node 500 may be implemented using any combination of discrete circuitry, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), logic gates and/or single chip architectures. Further, the features of apparatus 400 may be implemented using microcontrollers, programmable logic arrays and/or microprocessors or any combination of the foregoing where suitably appropriate (collectively or individually referred to as "logic").
It should be appreciated that the example apparatus 400 and/or node 500 shown in the block diagrams of respective
Unless contrary to physical possibility, the inventors envision the methods described herein: (i) may be performed in any sequence and/or in any combination; and (ii) the components of respective embodiments may be combined in any manner.
Although there have been described example embodiments of this novel invention, many variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly the inventive embodiments are not limited by the specific disclosure above, but rather should be limited only by the scope of the appended claims and their legal equivalents.
|Cited Patent
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|Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd.
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|Mar 8, 2001
|Jan 10, 2006
|Ipr Licensing, Inc.
|Resource utilization efficiency during hand-off in mobile communication systems
|Aug 27, 2001
|Aug 1, 2006
|At & T Corp.
|High-capacity packet-switched ring network
|Jul 31, 2002
|Oct 2, 2007
|Fujitsu Limited
|Cell selection
|Jan 7, 2003
|Oct 16, 2007
|Corrigent Systems Ltd.
|Hierarchical virtual private LAN service protection scheme
|Sep 22, 2003
|Nov 20, 2007
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|System and method for reallocating a traffic channel in soft handoff state
|Jan 9, 2004
|Jul 22, 2004
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Communication network control apparatus and method
|Apr 11, 2002
|Sep 30, 2004
|Docomo Communications Laboratories Usa, Inc.
|Method and associated apparatus for pre-authentication, preestablished virtual private network in heterogeneous access networks
|Jun 26, 2006
|Oct 19, 2006
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Wireless Router and Method for Processing Traffic in a Wireless Communications Network
|Jul 3, 2006
|Nov 9, 2006
|At&T Corp.
|High-capacity packet-switched ring network
|Jan 7, 2004
|Jul 14, 2004
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Communication network control apparatus and method
|Mar 22, 2006
|Sep 28, 2006
|Intel Corporation
|Mobile handover utilizing multicast in a multi-protocol label switching (mpls)-based network
|"International Preliminary Report on Patentability for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/011007, mailed Oct. 4, 2007, 8 Pages."
|International Application No. PCT/US2006/011007, International Search Report and Written Opinion.
|Karim, EL M., et al., "Simultaneous Bindings for Mobile IPv6 Fast Handoffs", XP-002325023, Mobile IP Working Group,(2002),1-14.
|OOMS, D. , et al., "Framework for IP Multicast in MPLS", XP-002251077, Network Working Group,(2000),28.
|Wu, Liwen , et al., "MPLS Multicast Traffic Engineering", XP-002251076, Network Working Group,(1999),1-11.
|Xie, Kaiduan , et al., "Support of Micro-Mobility in MPLS-based Wireless Access Network", IEEE, (2003),1242-1247.
|Zahid Ghadialy, "Handover principle and concepts", UMTS Tutorial: Handover principle and concepts, dated Jul. 2, 2005, 9 pages.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 18, 2005
|Nov 15, 2011
|Sprint Communications Company L.P.
|Internet communications between wireless base stations and service nodes
|Sep 30, 2011
|Jul 24, 2012
|Sprint Communications Company L.P.
|Internet communications between wireless base stations and service nodes
|May 18, 2005
|Nov 23, 2006
|Sprint Communications Company L.P.
|Internet communications between wireless base stations and service nodes
|U.S. Classification
|370/331, 455/442, 455/438, 455/443
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|Mar 23, 2005
Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
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Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MITCHEL, HENRY;TSAI, JAMES (JR-SHIAN);LEBIZAY, GERALD;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20050317 TO 20050322;REEL/FRAME:016422/0565
|Dec 28, 2010
|Certificate of correction
|Mar 14, 2013
|Fee payment
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Maharashtra education minister Vinod Tawde has brought some clarity to the issue of the number of days that schools should stay shut for Ganesh Chaturti.
While no exact number of days has been mentioned, Tawde has announced that schools can decide on number of holidays with consultation with their Parent-Teachers' Association (PTA).
"Once the school gets a confirmation from their PTA, they can decide on the number of holidays. Schools conducting exams in that period can decide whether exams have to be held or can be postponed," said Tawde.
For the past two years, school education department has left the onus of deciding Ganpati holidays on schools. This followed the first demand made by MNVS eight years ago, demanding a five-day break for Ganesh festival in Thane schools with the trend then moving to Mumbai schools only in the last two years.
As of now, city schools have decided to give either four (September 17-20) or five (September 17-21) days holiday for the same while many were waiting to hear from the government about the same.
It is totally wrong to give children so many holidays.If that is the case every religion has its own importance so are they going to do the same with all other festival of other religion too,if not then why only give special holidays and so much importance for as i said every other religion too have the same importance,the muslims,the christians.etc.If seen already there is more holidays for DIWALI,ETC.Children are sent to school to study and not to receive more and more holidays.


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Man Found Dead At Campsite
He was discovered in Tunbridge Wells this morning
Highways England says half of footbridge still standing over the M20 is safe and it will be removed in the next few weeks
Latest Statement from Highways England
Road users are advised that the M20 is now fully reopened, along with the coast-bound M26 link to the M20, after an incident yesterday in which a lorry struck a footbridge crossing the motorway.
A temporary 50mph limit is in place in the area on both carriageways.
A digger being transported by a lorry hit the pedestrian footbridge, resulting in the structure collapsing and the motorway being closed in both directions between junctions 1 and 4.
Highways England and its contractors have been working around the clock to remove the vehicles involved in the incident, and to cut up and remove from the scene the section of bridge which has fallen on to the carriageway.
Yesterday and overnight robust inspections were made of the remaining elevated section of the footbridge. These have shown the structure to be safe. The operation to remove it will be done in the coming weeks.
As an additional safety measure a temporary 50mph speed limit remains in the area on both carriageways. Drivers are reminded to abide by the limit which is in place for the safety of all road users.
Catherine Brookes, Highways England Chief Highway Engineer, said:
"The 50mph speed limit will remain in place until work to remove the rest of the footbridge is completed. We urge drivers to respect the limit for their safety and that of other road users, and thank them for their patience as we carry out this essential work."
"I would also like to thank the teams who have worked hard on this complex operation to clear and repair the scene after such a serious incident."
Once the road surface was clear, experts assessed the condition of the carriageway and necessary repairs were carried out to allow the road to be safely reopened.
He was discovered in Tunbridge Wells this morning
7 year old Julian Cadman, who was born in Kent was confirmed among the victims yesterday
Two men have been arrested as police investigate the death of a man in Folkestone.
Police have arrested a 56 year old in connection to the death of a man in Folkestone.
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Download the latest version of KX-P7305 drivers according to your computer's operating system. All downloads available on this website have been scanned by the latest anti-virus software and are guaranteed to be virus and malware-free.
Browse the list of top KX-P7305 drivers below to find the driver that meets your specifications. To see more matches from our driver database, use our customized search engine to search for all KX-P7305 drivers. Let us know if you do not find the driver you need.
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Submitted Jan 7, 2010 by Sathishkumar (DG Staff Member):
"Monochrome Laser Printer - Status Display : 1.0.16 - Remote Control Panel : 1.0.27 - Printer Driver File"
KX-P7305 Driver
PanasonicSupported OS: Win 2003 Server, Win Server 2003 x64, Win XP Home, Win XP Pro, Win XP Pro x64, Win 2000 Workstation, Win 2000 Server, Win NT 4.0, Win ME, Win 98, Win 95
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Philips innovative MicroMasticating technology is designed to open up the cells of your fruits and vegetables to squeeze the maximum out of your ingredients. After juicing, all parts can be rinsed clean in 1 minute thanks to its no sieve design. See all benefits
Fruits and vegetables have many thousands of cells that contain juice, vitamins and other vital nutrients. Philips innovative MicroMasticating technology is designed to open up the cells to squeeze the maximum out of your favourite ingredients and will help you to get up to 90%* of your fruits into the glass and not as waste.
Make delicious healthy juices from soft fruits and hard vegetables. You can juice all your favourite combinations and use this product even for those special starch ingredients that are normally very difficult to juice such as bananas or mangos.
Leaves and greens full of fibre are also great ingredients for healthy juices and they can all be processed in this juicer. Wheatgrass, spinach and many others could be an important health-adder to your daily juices with MicroMasticating technology. You can even use certain kind of nuts, such as almonds to prepare almond milk.
The pre-clean function is a special programme that squeezes the last drops of juice out of the juicer while cleaning the inside of your product at the same time. This will help you to get the best from your fruits and vegetables and avoid that valuable juice going to waste in the cleaning process.
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This product size is currently out of stock. Please try another size or enter your email and we'll let you know when it's back in stock.
is back-ordered. We will ship it separately in 10 to 15 days.
$235 $115
This everyday sweater from Our Legacy features a ribbed round neck, side vents, straight fit and raglan sleeves.
-100% Cotton
-Hand wash cold. Line dry.
Model is 6'4" and wears a size M.


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Man arrested in connection with Devoy murder released without charge
A man arrested in connection with the murder of a Dublin man earlier this year has been released without charge.
The suspect, a man in his mid 20s, was released yesterday evening after his arrest yesterday morning.
He was detained by Gardai investigating the shooting of Michael Devoy in Dublin's city centre. The 42-year-old was shot dead in Tallaght, south Dublin on January 18 of this year.
He was discovered by Gardai lying dead on the side of the Fox Hill Road, near Bohernabreena, with gunshot wounds to his neck and body.
Cops on patrol noticed a suspicious car at about 10.30pm and when they approached a chase ensued.
The other vehicle managed to evade gardaí and when the cops returned to the scene they found lying Devoy shot to death on the road.
He was still wearing the bullet proof vest that he wore to thwart another attempt on his life. Devoy had previously survived two attempts on his life in recent years.
Devoy was a veteran criminal who was extremely well-known to gardai and had earned the reputation of a very violent individual. He is also the chief suspect in the murder of 30-year-old Mark Byrne in May 2005.
Byrne, who had just been released from Mountjoy prison, was walking out of a shop after buying phone credit when a gunman shot him dead. The murder was later recreated on RTE drama Love/Hate.
Devoy was arrested over the murder and gardai were hopeful there was enough evidence to charge him – but the DPP disagreed.
He had more than 70 criminal convictions and has served prison sentences over the past 25 years for making threats to kill, possession of firearms as well as burglary, driving offences and other public order matters.
The latest arrest is the second since the assassination in January. Nobody has yet been charged with the murder.


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Information For
DePaul University Theatre School > On Stage > Current Season > Chicago Playworks
Chicago Playworks for Families and Young Audiences is the oldest continually producing children's theatre in the Midwest. Founded as the Goodman Children's Theatre in 1925 and recognized as a pioneer of theatre for families, Chicago Playworks welcomes more than 30,000 students and families to our highly celebrated productions each season. Today we are dedicated to reflecting our audience's experience in an urban, contemporary, and multi-ethnic environment.
"Join us as our intrepid young heroes and heroines uncover incredible secrets of worlds just beyond our own!" Read More
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3 Bedroom Cluster in Dainfern
Nazia Shah
Choprop Sales & Letting-CHOPROP HOLDING S.A PTY (LTD)
3 Bedroom Cluster in Dainfern
Double Automated Garage, 3 Bed 2.5 Bath With Private Garden To Rent At The View Dainfern
Fourways Dainfern
Stunning free standing cluster with double automated garage and wrap around private garden. This stunning home offers 3 spacious bedrooms with fitted cupboards (main bedroom en-suite) both bedrooms open onto a covered patio with beautiful scenic views. The second bathroom has shower, toilet and basin, while the guest toilet is on the ground floor. Spacious lounge and dining area that leads on to a covered patio and private garden.
Lovely kitchen with tiled floors and loads of cupboard space and space for 2 under counter appliances and space for a double door fridge. Kitchen opens to a private laundry area with private washing lines. This lovely complex complex boasts of a club house,24 hr security service with controlled access,well maintained communal gardens, kiddies play area, gym and a sparkling communal pool.
The complex is right across Valley Shopping Centre and not far from Dainfern Square which offers a Gym and multiple shops and a short drive from Monte Casino.
Key Property Features
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The Fourways neighburhood includes the suburbs of Sunninghill, Lonehill, Fourways, Broadacres, Craigavon and Dainfern. It is an exclusive, upmarket area in which property is always in high demand. The neighbourhood provides just about the full spectrum of amenities, night life and entertainment in a beautiful, tranquil setting. There is an abundance of shopping malls, office parks, hotels and lodges for those with a discerning taste. Residents of the area have a choice of private schools and colleges, and can also apply to admit their children to Bryanston's elite schools.Find out more about Fourways
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HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has confirmed that it has reached agreements with Gibraltar and the Isle of Man to enable businesses in those territories to not appoint a tax representative in the UK. The announcement concerns businesses affected by the upcoming changes to the UK's regime for remote gaming duty (RGD), pool betting duty (PBD), or general betting duty (GBD) from December 1, 2014.
From December 1, 2014, the UK will begin taxing bookmakers' profits on a "place of consumption" basis, as part of reforms lined up by the Government to secure revenues from the offshore gaming industry's activities in the UK market.
In a notice on September 8, 2014, HMRC said that any business that is not in a group and is based outside the European Union must appoint a tax representative if they will be liable to the aforementioned UK levies after the December 1 change, with some exceptions.
HMRC explained: "Gibraltar authorities have agreed to enforce any UK gambling duty debts incurred by operators based in Gibraltar. As such, operators based in Gibraltar are not required to appoint a representative in the UK. The UK has reached an agreement in principle along similar lines with the Isle of Man. As such operators based in the Isle of Man are not expected to require a representative at this time."
"The UK is currently engaged in discussions with the states of Guernsey and Alderney with a view to making a similar agreement. As yet, discussions are at an early stage," it said.
HMRC has published new Notices on the administration of each of the taxes after December 1, 2014: GBD in Notice 451A, PBD in Notice 147A, and RGD in Notice 455A.
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Home > Wellness > Health Library > Bronchospasm
Browse and register for related classes.
is a tightening of the smooth muscle that lines the airways (bronchi or
bronchioles) in the lung. This tightening can contribute to a worsening of
asthma symptoms, such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing.
Bronchospasm can usually be relieved with medicines called
This condition is also called bronchoconstriction or bronchial spasm.
Current as of:
May 23, 2016
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine & Adam Husney, MD - Family Medicine & Rohit K Katial, MD - Allergy and Immunology
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