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Aahatein - Agnee (splitsvilla 4 theme song) Best audio quality MP3
To download this song click on this link. http://admin.saif.sazf25.operaunite.com/muzic/content/Mixed%20Artist%202/
Agnee - Aahatein (The splitsvilla 4 Theme song) unplugged live feat. Rahul Ram and Pritam.mp4 MP3
SplitsVilla 4 Song SunG By Agnee ON R()cK On MTv.
MTV Splitsvilla Theme Song - Agnee MP3
MTV Splitsvilla Theme Song - Agnee.
Download Mtv splitsvilla theme song by Agnee MP3
A beautiful music composed by Agnee an Indian Band. And the music is composed for M TV SplitsVilla. It is a short music created from original full length music.
Agnee-Aankhein Teri Ho Ya Meri Ho - The MTV Splitsvilla 5 Theme MP3
Agnee-Aankhein Teri Ho Ya Meri Ho - The MTV Splitsvilla 5 Theme The band Agnee come up with a new theme song for the show Mtv Splitsvilla season 5.
Splitsvilla - Theme Song with Lyrics (Aahatein - Agnee) MP3
MTV splitsvilla theme song - Aahatein - Agnee MP3
Song : Aahatein Band : Agnee NO COPYRIGHT VIOLATIONS INTENDED Check out the below link - Agnee's Facebook page to know more about the band ...
Agnee - MTV Splitsvilla 4 Theme Song with vocals.mp4 MP3
You can download this song from http://www.facebook.com/agneelive#!/agneelive?v=app_6452028673 If you loved the tunes u ll definitely love it MTV Splitsvilla ...
Aahatein | Female version | Cover by MOKSH THE BAND | Original by AGNEE MP3
Aahatein, a song composed by AGNEE BAND for a T.V show - Splitsvilla , covered by MOKSH THE BAND . Song re-recorded at MOKSH RECORDING STUDIO, ...
Aahatein - MTV Splitsvilla 4 theme song - by rock band Agnee MP3
Aahatein - MTV Splitsvilla 4 theme song - by rock band Agnee http://www.facebook.com/agneelive Lyrics: Aahatein, Ho Rahin Teri, Dil Ke Dar Pe Mere, Tu Yahin ...
Agnee - MTV 4 Theme Song with Lyrics MP3
MTV Splitsvilla 4 theme song by Agnee the band http://www.facebook.com/agneelive Lyrics: Aahatein, Ho Rahin Teri, Dil Ke Dar Pe Mere, Tu Yahin Hai Kahin ...
aahatein-instrumental (splitsvilla theme song) MP3
performed by-shrawan thakuri original song by Agnee.
Splitsvilla 2 AGNEE MP3
Aankhein Teri Ho Ya Meri Ho Lyrics | Splitsvilla 5 Theme Song Lyrics MP3
Splitsvilla 5 Theme Song Aankhein Teri Ho Ya Meri Ho With Lyrics.....Song By Agnee Lyrics : Aaye Aaye Aaye Aaye O Wo o o Wo o o Koi Gham Kahien Tera, ...
Aahatein(Splitsvilla Theme) Agnee Unplugged Acoustic Guitar Cover With Chords MP3
http://www.facebook.com/pages/AcousticPranav/267548783265157?sk=wall Like my Facebook page..!! :) Hi guys 'm back...this time with the song AAHATEIN ...
The Roadies X Finale Song "Silsila", by AGNEE MP3
Silsila : The Roadies X Finale Song Composition: Agnee Video: Raghu Ram / Udit Vedant Lyrics: Pinky Poonawala Production: Aditya Pushkarna Guitars: Koco ...
Raanjhan Yaar Di by Agnee: The Splitsvilla 3 Theme Song.mp4 MP3
Raanjhan Yaar Di's full length video.. created with footage from Agnee and from the Splitsvilla show!!!
Splitsvilla 2 Memories With Full Theme Song By AGNII MP3
Splitsvilla 2 is over and the winner is SAKSHI AND SID Lets Recall The Memories Of Splitsvilla 2............PLZ Rate MY Video DOWNLOAD LINKS Mp3------ ...
Vodafone MTV Splitsvilla Theme song by Agnee MP3
A Simple yet beautiful composition by Agnee.


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Listen to free music played by GJlagas
Blip.fm is internet radio made social. It's easy to search for, play, and discover free music recommended by real people. Join today to create your own free station and start listening to @GJlagas.
GJlagas Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band – 2-15 Blood Brothers
GJlagas Bruce Springsteen – I'm on Fire playing Mario Kart
Bruce Springsteen – I'm on Fire| play
GJlagas Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine I love the guitar solo in this song!
Guns N' Roses – Sweet Child O' Mine| play
GJlagas Robin Thicke – Sidestep Saw this guy in the Melkweg. Great Singer-songwriter
Robin Thicke – Sidestep| play
GJlagas Neil Young - Keep on Rockin in the Free World I love this song
Neil Young - Keep on Rockin in the Free World| play
GJlagas Commodores – Nightshift
Commodores – Nightshift| play
GJlagas Great song!
Kings Of Leon – Use Somebody| play
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SkinCeuticals Serum 15 AOX+ provides protection against free radicals and environmental damage due to its heightened antioxidant performance. Using an effective combination of 15% L-ascorbic acid and ferulic acid, this daytime serum helps to correct the visible signs of aging and leaves the skin with a youthful radiance. The lightweight formula is ideal for all but the most sensitive skin types.
Create a more youthful, radiant glow with SkinCeuticals Serum 15 AOX+.
Free U.S. Shipping. Period. View Our Shipping Policy
Return Policy: This product is non-returnable
Return Policy: View Our Return Policy
Special Shipping Requirements: ORM-D Class
ORM-D classified products such as aerosol sprays, nail polish, perfume and products with high alcohol content may only be shipped by UPS Ground within the Continental US.
Availability: In Stock, Ships within the U.S. Only
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Season 7 Episode #701
Lostine Bighorn Sheep; Clear Lake Dive; Cyclo-Cross
This video is not currently available. We apologize for any inconvenience.
Segments in this Episode
Oregon Field Guide
Lostine Bighorn SheepOPB | Feb. 1, 1996 7:30 p.m.
Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep are making a comeback in Northeastern Oregon.
Oregon Field Guide
Clear Lake DiveOPB | Feb. 1, 1996 7:30 p.m.
A dive team searches for an ancient forest in the depths of Clear Lake.
Oregon Field Guide
Cyclo-CrossOPB | Feb. 1, 1996 7:30 p.m.
The toughest bikers spend their winters cyclo-cross racing.
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Upcoming Broadcasts
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All Season 7
Yellow Jackets; Lizards; Harlequin Ducks; Sauvie Island Photo Essay (713)
Oregon Field Guide: Episode #713
Bend Cave Controversy; Monument High School Research; Beekeepers (712)
Oregon Field Guide: Episode #712
Offshore Islands; Rattlers; Pendleton Bordellos; Klamath Basin Animal Photo Essay (709)
Oregon Field Guide: Episode #709
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Oregon Field Guide: Episode #706
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Oregon Field Guide: Episode #705
Major Support Provided By: Dorothy D. Gage
Additional Support Provided By: the Coit Family Foundation, Fred and Clara Dolen Charitable Foundation, Kay Kitagawa and Andy Johnson-Laird, Christine and David Vernier, and the Greenfield/Hartline Habitat Conservation Fund of the Nature Conservancy.
Special thanks for support by: The Roundhouse Foundation, Jon and Nancy Decherd, Bonnie and Peter Reagan


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View Time Stamp Of The Command
bash @script # export HISTTIMEFORMAT='%F %T '
It will list out command with timestamps
bash @script #history
26 2010-05-05 16:04:08 /etc/init.d/networking restart
27 2010-05-05 16:04:24 service networking restart
28 2010-05-05 16:04:55 find / -name iptable*
29 2010-05-05 16:11:27 /sbin/iptables-save
30 2010-05-05 16:11:33 service networking restart
if you need to reset as per pervious Format
bash @script # export HISTTIMEFORMAT=''
Search Command History
using shortcut - Hot Key
Ctrl+R -search command history
bash @script #
(reverse-i-search)`find': find / -name bash_profile*
How To Save The Linux History Command Into Separate File
#history >> file.txt
it will save the history of command into the file.txt file.
How to Executed Previous Command
Method 1) !! Execute the previous command
[root@localhost home]# !!
aquota.user lost+found user1
Here ls is previous executed command
Method 2) [root@localhost home]# !331 >> (#dir is the 331 command)dir
aquota.user lost+found user1
Method 3) [root@localhost home]# !c >>(command start with character c )
cd /Method 4) use the up and Down arrow we can run currently executed command
Clear The History command
After you finished any configuration if you need to clear the history command For maintaince security purpose.
[root@localhost etc]# history -c
How to Set History Limit using .bash_profile
If you like to set any Limit in history example if user only see the last
10 command in every time meang you can edit .bash_profile. I clearly expalain about these article from the following linkHISTORY COMMAND PERSONAL SETTING FILELimit no of command


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Communication interventions to improve adherence to infection control precautions: a randomised crossover trial
BMC Infectious Diseases 2013, 13:72 doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-72
This article is currently available as a provisional PDF. Reprints are produced from the final PDF, which is normally produced within 3 weeks.
Please complete the following form to register your interest in ordering reprints of this article. BioMed Central will contact you by email when the final PDF is available with details of how to obtain a quotation and place an order.
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News spread quickly of the death of Juice of BMF. The 39-year-old popular nail artist reportedly died after suffering a seizure. Questions arose
Bishop Don Magic Juan
Snoop Lion has undergone several reinventions throughout his career. He's been a gangsta, a legendary weedhead, a space age funk
On VH1's new hit series "Love & Hip-Hop Atlanta," breakout star Momma Dee, the scrappy mother of rapper Lil Scrappy,


text: While on holiday this week, I discovered a need for a Roaming Manager app that doesn't seem to exist. I bought a bundle of roaming data, to enable me to view emails, update Twitter, use Google Maps etc. But it's hard to restrict data to certain apps - for example, Market still phones home (and downloads anything set to update automatically) and Lookout still wants to backup unless you remember to turn it off. What I'd really like is an app to allow roaming data access to only certain apps. So, you set "Allow Roaming" through Android settings, but the app would detect that you're roaming and only allow data access to selected applications, say GMail, Maps or Browser. Is this possible to build and does anyone fancy doing it?


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Wayanad District Vacation Packages
From Wayanad District, the well-known city of Cochin is approximately 120 miles (193 kilometers) to the south.
Savvy travelers often use Wayanad District as a launch pad for further adventures. This sought-after tourism region has a wealth of wonderful attractions. You'll find Srimangla, 25 miles (40 kilometers) to the south, and Antharasanthe 25 miles (40 kilometers) to the southwest.
Organize some transportation and head out to Mysore, a major city for the region, some 55 miles (89 kilometers) away from Wayanad District. The city has a range of visitor attractions, such as Daria Daulat Bagh, Somnathpur Keshava Temple and Sriranganathaswamy. And don't rush back to Wayanad District until you've stopped by Mysore's Gumbaz Mausoleum, Mysore Zoo and Maharaja's Palace.
For a glimpse of the local culture, make a beeline for Kerala's craft workshops and theaters. The area around Wayanad District is home to some significant churches, sure to delight all visitors, regardless of faith.
If you are looking for something a little different from seeing the sights, why not try the local watersports? Boating and fishing are both well-established within the region. Breathe in and feel your worries drift away as you try out this region's gentler pursuits such as sunbathing and bird watching.
The handiest major airport, Calicut International Airport, is located in Kozhikode, 40 miles (64 kilometers) to the south of Wayanad District, a handy point to remember when booking your trip.


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'Marketplace' started by cottoncoggin, Mar 9, 2012.
never used factory sealed 450.00 plus shipping . pic on my profile page.
Which Side?
This hydro will fit both sides a cw and ccw are the same part all you have to do is to take the bolts out and rotate 180 degree's and can be either one.
OK, well I had to replace one a while back and was asked which side. I replaced it no problem. But it made sense, since the Fans move in opposite directions (Angle of the fins on the fan).


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weselny (KOH-wahtch veh-SEL-nih) is a yeast-raised coffee cake similar in texture to a babka but made in a pan without a central hole, and with a sweet curd cheese filling.
If you can't find dry curd cheese, you might want to make your own farmer's cheese from scratch. It's very easy to do.
Kołacz means "wheel" in Polish and weselny is the adjectival form of "wedding." These wheel cakes were traditionally served at weddings and other holidays in the south of Poland, but are rarely seen today.
There are many recipes. Some make a lattice top over the cheese filling, others adorn theirs with braids and bird shapes. This version sports a crumb topping.
This recipe will make two large wheel cakes. I use my mother's pan that measures 9 inches x 4 inches deep. If you don't have a pan like this, use two (12-inch) pans that are 3 inches deep.
Here are step-by-step instructions for making kołacz. And here are more Polish Cheesecake Recipes you might like to try.
What You'll Need
- Sponge:
- 3 1/2 teaspoons active dry yeast
- 1 tablespoon sugar
- 1 3/4 cups warm milk
- 1 cup all-purpose flour
- Dough:
- 4 large room-temperature eggs
- 1 cup confectioners' sugar
- 4 cups all-purpose flour
- 1 teaspoon salt
- 8 ounces melted butter, cooled slightly
- Cheese Filling:
- 2 pounds dry curd or farmer's cheese or ricotta cheese
- 4 large room-temperature eggs
- 2 cups granulated sugar
- 1 tablespoon vanilla sugar
- 1 cup light or dark raisins, plumped in water and drained (optional)
- Crumb Topping:
- 4 ounces cold butter
- 6 tablespoons sugar
- 2 tablespoon vanilla sugar
- 1 cup all-purpose flour
How to Make It
Make the Sponge
- In a medium bowl, mix yeast, 1 tablespoon sugar, milk and 1 cup flour. Set aside in a warm place to rise until light and foamy, about 15 minutes.
Make the Dough
- Using the paddle attachment in a stand mixer or large bowl, beat 4 eggs with 1 cup confectioners' sugar until light colored and slightly thickened, about 10 minutes.
- Add flour, salt and sponge, and continue to beat the dough until well incorporated. The dough will be too loose for a dough hook, so continue to use the paddle.
- Gradually add melted butter and continue to beat until the dough is smooth and starts to blister, about 10 mnutes. Scrape down dough from sides of bowl, cover and let rise in the same bowl until doubled.
- Grease two 12x3-inch round pans. Stir down dough (it will be very slack) and pour half into each pan. Cover and let rise until dough comes to within 1 inch of the top.
Make the Crumb Topping
- In a small bowl, mix together 4 ounces butter, 6 tablespoons sugar, 2 tablespoon vanilla sugar and 1 cup flour as for pie crust. Set aside.
Make the Filling and Bake the Cheesecake
- In a large bowl, beat together farmer's cheese or ricotta, 4 eggs, 2 cups sugar, and 1 tablespoon vanilla sugar. Stir in drained raisins by hand, if using. Set aside.
- Place rack in middle of oven and heat to 325 degrees. When dough has risen to within 1 inch of the top of the pan, pour half of the cheese filling on top of each pan of dough and allow to sink in, pushing it down, if necessary.
- Sprinkle half of the crumb topping on top of each cake. Bake about 50 minutes or until dough is golden brown. Let cool to room temperature before serving. Store leftovers in the refrigerator.


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The Amic Miraflores Hotel is a friendly budget hotel located just 40 m from the popular Playa de Palma on the island paradise of Majorca. The beach is nearly 6 km long with crystal clear water and fine white sand making it one of the best in Europe. This is a terrific hotel for couples and families featuring 69 spacious rooms with modern amenities and bordered by a lush pine forest and the sapphire blue Mediterranean. Guests to the Amic Miraflores Hotel can relax on marvellous beaches and explore countless tourist attractions and facilities such as shops restaurants pubs and discos. For an affordable holiday in sunny Majorca the Amic Miraflores Hotel is the perfect choice! Palma de Mallorca Airport is 3 km from the hotel.
Local Tips: Palma de Mallorca is a paradise for golfers and there are also many watersports available along with sailing shopping dining and a spectacular marine park.
Rooms Description:
The Amic Miraflores Hotel features 69 comfortable rooms equipped with private bathroom terrace telephone Satellite TV air conditioning small charge and safe. Hairdryer baby cots and additional beds are available on request as well as rooms especially equipped for the disabled and non smoking rooms.
Facilities and Services:


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Strawberry Cream Cake
Cake, cream, and berries combine in a treat that's twice as delectable as the sum of its parts. The buttery cake soaks up the strawberry juices, while the whipped cream adds an airy richness.
- Prep:
- Total Time:
- Servings: 12
Source: Everyday Food, July/August 2008
For the cake
- 1/2 cup (1 stick) unsalted butter, room temperature, plus more for pan
- 1 1/2 cups all-purpose flour (spooned and leveled), plus more for pan
- 2 teaspoons baking powder
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 1/2 cup sugar
- 2 large eggs plus 2 large egg yolks
- 1/2 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
- 1/2 cup whole milk
For the Filling
- 1 pound strawberries, hulled and thinly sliced
- 1/2 cup sugar
- 1 teaspoon unflavored gelatin (from a 1/4-ounce envelope)
- 1 1/2 cups heavy cream
Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Butter bottom of an 8-inch round cake pan, and line with parchment paper. Butter and flour paper and sides. In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, and salt; set aside.
Using an electric mixer on high speed, beat butter and 1/2 cup sugar in a large bowl until light and fluffy. Add eggs and yolks, one at a time, beating well after each addition. Beat in vanilla. With mixer on low, alternately add flour mixture in 3 parts and milk in 2, beginning and ending with flour mixture; mix just until combined. Spread batter in prepared pan.Watch: How to Measure Flour
Bake until a toothpick inserted in center of cake comes out clean, 30 to 35 minutes. Cool in pan 10 minutes; invert onto a wire rack to cool completely. Using a serrated knife, split cake in half horizontally; place bottom half, cut side up, on a serving plate.
Make topping: In a large bowl, combine strawberries and 1/4 cup sugar; set aside. Place 2 tablespoons cold water in a small saucepan, and sprinkle with gelatin; let soften 5 minutes. Place saucepan over very low heat, and stir until gelatin is dissolved. Remove from heat; let cool.
Using an electric mixer, beat cream and remaining 1/4 cup sugar in a large bowl until very soft peaks form. Continue to beat, and gradually add gelatin mixture; beat until soft peaks form.
Arrange half of strawberries over bottom cake layer; top with half of whipped cream, leaving a 1-inch border. Cover with top half of cake, cut side down. Top cake with remaining whipped cream, leaving a 1-inch border. Refrigerate cake and remaining strawberries separately, at least 1 hour (or up to 1 day). Just before serving, spoon strawberries over cake.
Cook's Notes
Reviews Add a comment
cakengiftsini25 MAY, 2017Thanks for this superb recipe, my all friends like it very much. We make it at our each party. Many time we have availed of such Delicious cakes from the site : http://www.cakengifts.in/birthday-cakes http://www.cakengifts.in/anniversary-cakes http://www.cakengifts.in/cake-delivery-in-gurgaon http://www.cakengifts.in/cake-delivery-in-ghaziabad http://www.cakengifts.in/cake-delivery-in-faridabad http://www.cakengifts.in/cake-delivery-in-dehradunReply
gretchenpaxgma8 JUN, 2016Absolutely delicious, very rich and buttery. I'm not sure what the gelatin is for? I followed the directions but the gelatin completely congealed into a solid mass and wouldn't blend into the whipped cream. I left it out, and it was fine, we ate the entire cake within two days.Reply
Marianna Taranenko5 MAR, 2015Amazing recipe! My boyfriend absolutely loved it. We had some leftover strawberries and I picked this one to use them before they are spoilt. Totally worth it!Reply
GertrudeLeah30 JUN, 2014This is a wonderful recipe! It is easier to make than a traditional shortcake and has a creamy/crumbly texture. I have even made this into cupcakes (with reduced baking to 10-12 minutes) for individual servings; slice the cupcake in half an serve as shown. Instead of adding gelatin to the whipcream to make it stay, I add 2-3 teaspoons of skim milk powder!Reply
doeboz22 JUN, 2014Very disappointed in this recipe. Followed the recipe exactly and baked for the minimum time of 30 min. Found the cake very dry. Will not make again.Reply
anjalic26124 AUG, 2012Great recipe and super easy! I ended up having to make two 8oz cake layers instead of splitting one because that would have made each layer quite thin. Otherwise, the cake was a hit!Reply
Mertle3025 JAN, 2012This cake is amazing! It's very easy, and it's pretty hard to mess up. I noticed some people said it didn't brown enough or it cracked, but I didn't have those problems at all. I have made it three times, twice was for birthdays. It's a really good cake base, it tastes completely different from regular cake, but I think it's better. Even though the ingredients were normal, it tastes much different:) It's amazing! I wouldn't have made it three times if it wasn't!:)Reply
MS1150812916 JUL, 2011Had no problems baking the cake beyond it not browning much. The cake was firm to the touch in the pan and was a bit crumbly when cut but the layers stayed in tact and were easy to handle. This is a dense, buttery layer of cake. I recommend adding 1/2 of the sugar to the sliced berries and tasting. I was fortunate to find plump, ripe, sweet strawberries that didn't need the whole 1/4 cup of sugar. Overall, this was easy to make, a cinch to assemble and a total success!Reply
patri243016 JUL, 2011the cake rose but the top cracked and the cake is oozing from the top of the cake. It has the look of an under-baked cake yet when i insert the toothpick it comes out clean. little disappointingReply
emmylittlee17 MAY, 2011This is a great recipe I will be making this again!Reply


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 7, 2010
|Filing date
|Jun 17, 2003
|Priority date
|Jun 17, 2003
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Tanya Swartz, Srikanth R. Avadhanam, Gagan Chopra
|Original Assignee
|Microsoft Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (22), Non-Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (10), Classifications (4), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to context information. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system which aggregates and abstracts context information from a plurality of different sources and makes it available to requesting applications.
The mobile business space is a business environment in which employees, contractors or other users communicate with one another using mobile devices, such as cellular telephones, palmtop computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistances (PDAs) etc. In such a business environment, contextual information can be critically important in running a business in an efficient manner, and in a manner which is satisfactory to the customers of the business.
However, building business software and computing solutions to satisfy the needs of this business environment is challenging, expensive, and time consuming. The following scenario illustrates some of the challenges associated with this business environment. Assume that a television repair company conducts business by sending technicians to customer sites to fix problems with the customers' televisions. All customer calls are directed through a central call center. A dispatcher receives a call at the call center from a customer whose television has suddenly stopped displaying color. The customer insists that a technician make a call the same day in order to address the problem. In order to assign an appropriate technician to service the customer's call, the dispatcher would desirably know which technician is most qualified, which one has time in his or her schedule to service the customer's call today, which technician is the most affordable, given the previous constraints, and which technician is the closest to the customer. In other words, the dispatcher would desirably know the context associated with the technicians prior to assigning a technician to the customer's call.
However, all of this information currently comes from a wide variety of different sources, which are not easily accessed and obtained. In order to access this wide variety of different sources, a developer must have knowledge of each of the systems which provide different portions of the desired information, know how to interact with those systems, and know how to obtain the relevant information from those systems. This can be quite difficult since the context data sources can vary widely including, by way of example, user personnel files, calendaring or scheduling programs, geographic location devices, cellular networks, mobile devices, etc.
The present system aggregates information from a plurality of different context sources. The present system also makes that aggregated information available to requesting components by abstracting it into a generalized form. Thus, the developer of a context-aware application need only know how to interact with the context service of the present invention, rather than knowing how to interact with each and every one of the context sources.
In one embodiment, the present invention includes a context data store that stores context data aggregated from the plurality of sources. A context service interface is provided which exposes methods that can be called to add context data to the data store and retrieve context data from the data store.
In one embodiment, a find service is provided which receives a request to retrieve context data and invokes the methods on the context service interface to retrieve the desired data. A data provider service can also be provided to receive context data from the plurality of sources and invoke methods on the context service interface to add or update the context data in the data store based on the context data received.
Appendix A illustrates a number of classes in an exemplary class library.
The present invention deals with context information. More specifically, the present invention deals with a system for abstracting and aggregating context information from a variety of sources and making it available to requesting components. However, prior to discussing the present invention in greater deal, one embodiment of an illustrative computing environment for the present invention will be discussed.
The invention is operational with numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. Examples of well known computing systems, environments, and/or configurations that may be suitable for use with the invention include, but are not limited to, personal computers, server computers, hand-held or laptop devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
The invention may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
With reference to
Computer 110 typically includes a variety of computer readable media. Computer readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by computer 110 and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer readable media may comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by computer 100. Communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier WAV or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media. The term "modulated data signal" means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, FR, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of any of the above should also be included within the scope of computer readable media.
The system memory 130 includes computer storage media in the form of volatile and/or nonvolatile memory such as read only memory (ROM) 131 and random access memory (RAM) 132. A basic input/output system 133 (BIOS), containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within computer 110, such as during start-up, is typically stored in ROM 131. RAM 132 typically contains data and/or program modules that are immediately accessible to and/or presently being operated on by processing unit 120. By way of example, and not limitation,
The computer 110 may also include other removable/non-removable volatile/nonvolatile computer storage media. By way of example only,
The drives and their associated computer storage media discussed above and illustrated in
A user may enter commands and information into the computer 110 through input devices such as a keyboard 162, a microphone 163, and a pointing device 161, such as a mouse, trackball or touch pad. Other input devices (not shown) may include a joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 120 through a user input interface 160 that is coupled to the system bus, but may be connected by other interface and bus structures, such as a parallel port, game port or a universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 191 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 121 via an interface, such as a video interface 190. In addition to the monitor, computers may also include other peripheral output devices such as speakers 197 and printer 196, which may be connected through an output peripheral interface 190.
The computer 110 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer 180. The remote computer 180 may be a personal computer, a hand-held device, a server, a router, a network PC, a peer device or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described above relative to the computer 110. The logical connections depicted in
When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 110 is connected to the LAN 171 through a network interface or adapter 170. When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 110 typically includes a modem 172 or other means for establishing communications over the WAN 173, such as the Internet. The modem 172, which may be internal or external, may be connected to the system bus 121 via the user-input interface 160, or other appropriate mechanism. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 110, or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory storage device. By way of example, and not limitation,
It should be noted that the present invention can be carried out on a computer system such as that described with respect to
The discussion of the present invention refers to "context data" or "context information". For purposes of the present discussion, these terms mean any or all of the following information or similar information:
information that identifies a person (such as user name, user id, address, company, etc. . . . ), business attributes of the person (such as title, billing rate, level of training, expertise, teams the person belongs to, identifying information for those teams, etc. . . . ), the ways to contact the person (such as cellular telephone number#, e-mail address, telephone number, pager number, etc. . . . ), the person's preferences (such as desired hours of availability, preferred devices to use during various hours of the day, etc. . . . ), the devices used by the person and how those devices are set up (such as device id, device description, applications installed on the device, operating system on the device, memory available, etc. . . . ), the person's schedule and contact list, etc. . . . .
In addition,
System 200 aggregates context information from sources 222-224, as well as from devices and users and abstracts that information into a generalized form which is stored in context data store 202. In one embodiment interface 204 aggregates the information through data provider service 206. A requesting application 220, which will illustratively be a context-aware application that makes use of such context information, can request the aggregated and abstracted context information. In one embodiment, requesting application 220 requests the context information in context data store through find service 208.
The indication as to whether the user is mobile enabled indicates whether the user is a mobile user in the company. For example, this field may be set to true if a user is allowed to submit mobile sales orders. Otherwise the field is set to false. Of course, the User object can include other information or different information. For instance, the user can provide user preferences, such as the times of day that the user wishes to be contacted on different devices that are registered under the user's name. By way of example, the user may wish to be contacted by cellular telephone during the morning hours and by electronic mail on the user's laptop in the afternoon hours.
Once this user registration information is received, it is provided to data provider service 206. Data provider service 206 generates a User object in a standard format. In one embodiment, the user registration information 228 is provided to data provider service 206 as a standard document (such as an XML document). Data provider service 206 then arranges the data into the standard User object form. Generating the User object is illustrated by block 302 in
Once the User object has been created and stored, the device which the user wishes to use is then customized for the user. This is illustrated by block 306 in
Once the device has been customized for the user, the device provides device registration information 226 to data provider 206. This is indicated by block 308 in
Once data provider service 206 receives device registration information 226, it forms a Device object which represents the device registration information 226. This is indicated by block 310 in
Data provider service 206 can also receive information from a variety of other sources. For instance,
Another example of a data source which provides context information to system 200, and which is illustrated in
While a number of context data sources are illustrated in
In addition, a company may provide context information related to the organization of the company. For instance, a Team object may be included which identifies teams, a leader of each team and the name of each team. Similarly, team members may be identified by an object which correlates a team identifier with a user identifier. Many other sources of context data can be provided as well.
It should also be noted that information can be provided from the data sources to interface 204 in a variety of different ways. For instance, where data provider service 206 is implemented as a web service, the data source simply needs to provide a web address for contact service interface 204 along with the location of an XML document which contains the context information being submitted by the data source. In that embodiment, data provider service 206 retrieves the XML document and invokes the proper interface 214 to have context service interface 204 store information represented by an object generated based on the XML document in context data store 202.
In another embodiment, however, the methods of interacting with context data store 202 are implemented in class libraries. The data sources, if they have access to the class libraries, can instantiate objects from the class libraries and call the methods on the instantiated objects themselves. As illustrated in
Not only can data be provided to context data store 202 by data sources, but it can be retrieved from context data store 202 by a requesting application 220.
Requesting application 220 then invokes find service 208 by calling the appropriate web service method. Again, requesting application 220 simply provides the web address of context service interface 204, along with a location in which requesting application 220 desires to receive the XML document containing the context information requested. In that embodiment, find service 208 returns the XML document containing the requested context information to the specified location for access by requesting application 220. Calling the web service method is indicated by block 352 in
Of course, as with providing data to context data store 202, requesting applications 202 can (if they have access to class libraries 234) simply instantiate objects which implement the context service interface 204 and directly invoke the methods on those objects. This is indicated in greater detail in the flow diagram of
In accordance with yet another embodiment, it should be noted that requesting application 220 can access data in context data store 202 directly using database queries. For example, if data store 202 is implemented as a structured query language (SQL) database, then, so long as requesting application 220 is provided with access to data store 202, it can directly retrieve context information from data store 202 using SQL queries. Similarly, if the data sources are given direct access to data store 202, they can add information to data store 202 directly using SQL queries.
The class libraries discussed herein and used to implement interface 204 can take a wide variety of different forms. One illustrative embodiment of a number of the classes in an exemplary class library are set out in appendix A hereto. However, it should be noted that the classes discussed therein are exemplary only and any number of additional or different classes can be used as well.
Illustratively, all accesses to the context information through interface 204 are subjected to a security policy implemented by security layer 212. In one embodiment, security layer 212 is a rules-based security layer. Security layer 212 thus enforces access restriction and any other security measures implemented in the rules. Therefore, users are only allowed to access context information for which they are authorized by layer 212. The rules can implement security in various levels. For example, some users may be provided with complete access to all context information. Other users may be provided with no access to context information. Still other users may be provided with read only access, or read only access to some of the context information and read/write access to other context information. Of course, other or different security measures can be implemented as well.
A number of operations will now be described in order to better illustrate the operation of the system shown in
In another operation, the information is not located in cache 406. In that embodiment, requesting application 220 provides local find service 412 with a request to retrieve the desired context information. Local find service 412 invokes the method on interface 408 to retrieve the desired information, and a null value (or other value) indicating that the information does not exist in cache 406 is returned. In that case, local find service 412 accesses find service 208 in system 200 through network 210. Find service 208 invokes the appropriate method on interface 204 to retrieve the data from data store 202. The data is retrieved and provided from find service 208 back to local find service 412 which returns it to requesting application 220. Local find service 412 then invokes an appropriate method on interface 408 to add the requested context information to cache 406.
In order to add context information, data source 420 first provides the context information to local data provider service 410. Local data provider service 410 then provides the information through network 210 to data provider service 206 in system 200. Data provider service 206, in turn, invokes an appropriate method on interface 204 to add the context information to context data store 202. This is confirmed back to local data provider service 410. Local data provider service 410 then invokes an appropriate method on interface 408 to add the context information to cache 406 and this is also confirmed to local data provider service 410.
It can thus be seen that the present invention helps to reduce information overload to developers and applications by filtering the information according to what is relevant in a current context. It does this by allowing a developer to write applications that are context aware and therefore reduce context information requested to that which is necessary. Similarly, the present invention provides a single place for obtaining all information related to context. The invention functions as an aggregator and abstractor for different providers of context information. Thus, it offers a simple object-oriented programming model to access contextual information so that the developer only needs to learn a single set of semantics instead of one corresponding to each source of context information. By implementing a security layer, the present invention enables custom authorization schemes to address privacy concerns. Similarly, by providing developers with access to the data store directly through SQL queries, developers can customize the service to their needs and performance requirements.
Using the present system, the scenario discussed in the background section can be greatly enhanced. For example, assume that the dispatcher receives a call from a customer that the television is broken (such as fails to display color) and that the customer wishes a technician to attend to the problem today. The dispatcher can simply select an "assign technician" function on a context aware application. This results in a technician being assigned to the job based on several factors considered by the function, such as, current location of the technician, the level of expertise of the technician, and the technician's schedule for the day. All of this information is obtained from the context service component and incorporated into the function of the context-aware application. The dispatcher then assigns the identified technician to the job. The identified technician's schedule is automatically updated with the new job and a message is sent to the technician's mobile telephone informing him of the change in schedule. The technician also receives directions to the new customer site on his mobile device. The technician arrives at the site, completes the job and sends a message back to the call center stating that the job has been completed. This entire scenario is enabled because the application can obtain context information from a central location which has aggregated and abstracted the context information for access by the application.
Of course, a wide variety of other applications can be written using the present context service. For instance, a mobile worker can subscribe to traffic updates on a cellular telephone, to receive those updates everyday from 5-6 PM when traffic is heavy. However, when the worker is out of town for the day, the application realizes this because it is contained in the context information provided by the context service (such as through the Schedule object). Therefore, the application detects that the worker is not in a local area and hence the traffic report is not sent.
Similarly, assume that a worker has identified as a preferred mobile device a personal digital assistant. Assume also that another person attempts to send the worker a message that is quite large, but not very urgent. The context-aware application detects this (again by retrieving context information from the present context service). The message is thus sent to the worker's desk-top computer so that the worker will receive it when he or she returns to the office at the end of the day. This can of course be accomplished by having the worker set up a preference as to which device should receive messages, based on message size.
These are but a few exemplary scenarios that can be addressed by context aware applications using the context service of the present invention. Of course, these are illustrative scenarios only, provided to illustrate some uses and operations of the present invention, and countless others can be supported by the present invention.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
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|Jun 17, 2003
Owner name: MICROSOFT CORPORATION, WASHINGTON
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SWARTZ, TANYA;AVADHANAM, SRIKANTH;CHOPRA, GAGAN;REEL/FRAME:014198/0535
Effective date: 20030616
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|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 9, 2014
Owner name: MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING, LLC, WASHINGTON
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MICROSOFT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:034541/0477
Effective date: 20141014


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This Rose wooden playhouse is sure to become a permanent fixture in your children's playtime. The stunning Rose is the perfect interesting, fun and safe garden playhouse. Meticulously designed to maximise your children's play experience, as well as being built from strong and sturdy materials. This wooden playhouse offers limitless play options and ensures a long lasting structure which will be with you and your family for a long time.
3 cottage style windows allow plenty of natural light into the room ensuring the interior is well lit. The windows are glazed using styrene which is a safer equivalent to glass which will prevent breakages and injuries allowing you to rest assured in the knowledge that your little ones are safe and sound.
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***Please note that the size guide shown below is only true of the playhouse footprint and does not reflect the size of the additional tower, please see detailed specification below for exact measurements***
Copyright © 2000 - 2016. Shedstore.co.uk is a trading division of Taylored Investments Ltd. All rights Reserved. Shedstore ® is a registered trademark.Taylored Investments Ltd, H1 Coventry Place, Blackpole East, Worcester, WR3 8SG. Telephone 0333 003 0518.
All prices include VAT. *Free delivery area varies by product range, see individual product pages for details. †Restrictions apply, see product lead-time and post code checker for availabilityAll sizes quoted are approximate. Products where shown painted have been decorated for photography purposes only.


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11 inches Length Silicon Slotted Spoon with wooden handle marcopolo silicone tools are
perfect for non stick cookware silicone heads suitable for temperature from -40 c to 220 c it is easy to clean & store
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About the Book
Darwin Wiggett's images from a two-week trip to Belgium to visit relatives. Photos were taken with a Canon G9 point-n-shoot camera - the perfect camera for travel snaps - this book is mostly a memory book for the relatives.
Features & Details
- Category Travel
Small Square, 7×7 in, 18×18 cm
48 Pages
- Publish Date Feb 29, 2008
- Tags Darwin Wiggett, Belgium, Travel, Photography
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About the Creator
Darwin Wiggett
Cochrane, Alberta, Canada
I am a professional photographer who specializes in photos of the Canadian Landscape, humorous animals and kids. You can see what I am all about at www.darwinwiggett.com
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text:
Letter from Joshua Lederberg to M. L. Wolfrom
- Authors
- Publication Date
- Source
- Legacy
THE OH10 STATE UNIVERSITY HOWARD L. BEVIS, President COLUMBUS 10 November 3, 1947 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTKY krofessor Joshua Lederberg Department of Genetica The University of Wisconsin College of Agriculture Madison 6, Wisconsin DCLQ Professor Lederberg: Cur ieo-maltose experiments at present are all on I milligram basis. Consequently we regret that we will not be able to furnish you the mderial for your experiments. it is possible that the Northern Regional Laboratory has some of this material, Sincerely yours, k. L. Wolfram


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John Maxwell Integrity Quotes
." Excerpt From: John C. Maxwells - "The 5 Levels of Leadership
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Quotes On Attitude John Maxwell. QuotesGram
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text:
In 10 days we're scheduled to flip a switch and lubbockonline.com will change.
It will be different and, I hope you agree once you see it, a nice improvement.
You'll have a chance for an advance look later this week or early the following week.
We'll let you know in the paper and on the website when you can peek and how to give us your feedback.
We've spent a lot of time the past few weeks on this revamped website ... planning, training and checking over lists that keep growing.
I have to catch myself so I don't sound like a web developer ... tossing around terms like tagging, data migration and redirects.
Never imagined any of this when I graduated from Cal State Northridge in 1977.
I was going to work at a newspaper.
Of course, I still do. Now it's just so much more.
Last week I gave a short history of the Internet and newsrooms.
We're finally embracing the 'Net and the new site will allow us to do much more.
I also find it ironic on this same page we're publishing a letter from a woman who says she still prefers the print edition.
(I saw the letter on a page proof before I wrote the column ... this was not planned.)
Nice letter.
Some people only want to read us on paper ... others only online.
The truth is, most of our readers do both.
I just care that you read us ... I'm becoming less and less tied to what platform.
I've spent 33 years (longer if you include college and high school) putting information on paper. I care about what we cover, how we cover it, how we present it.
I love the smell of ink.
That won't change.
But I'm now equally excited about what we can do on the Internet.
Revamping a website is a lot like watching a house come together. There's a basic frame, but no walls. Then walls, no plumbing.
A couple of weeks ago, the frame sat there with a small amount of "dummy" content to see what it would look like.
Now the walls, plumbing and other pieces are coming together.
Next week, when we're just a few days from launch, I'll tell you more about the site's specifics.
But I do want to tell you about one big difference ... section fronts.
Now on lubbockonline.com, we have a bunch of varied content on the home page. But once you click off it, you usually go to a list of stories ... unless you go to a separate site with its own address, such as redraiders.com.
With the new site, we'll have second "home pages" for news, sports, money (business), lifestyles and opinion.
Through most of the existing site, we organize content by type, not by topic.
We put all the blogs on one page ... video somewhere else, etc.
After the launch, you can go to sports, for example and find more stories, sports staff journals (blogs) and other related content when available.
TERRY GREENBERG is editor of the Avalanche-Journal. Contact him at (806) 766-8700 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
A Mid-term Experience with the Cousin Bioring—Adjustable Gastric Band
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Since March 2003, we have used the Cousin Bioring in our laparoscopic gastroplasty procedures for morbid obesity. The Bioring belongs to the new generation of adjustable gastric bands. The aim of this study is to review our experience with this particular type of band.
Between March 2003 and March 2010, 316 patients had a laparoscopic implantation of the Cousin Bioring in our department. As many as 169 patients had the operation at least 5 years ago, of which 161 had a complete follow-up. Short- and long-term results were prospectively collected and analysed.
There were no intra-operative and only two mild early post-operative complications. Mortality was zero. The mean percent of excess weight loss (%EWL) was 56% at 5 years, 55% at 6 years and 56% at 7 years. Of the 169 patients, four had a band removal for intolerance and/or insufficient weight loss and 11 (6.5%) developed late complications requiring surgery. We managed to solve all complications by minimally invasive procedures without loss of the device. Fifteen of the 169 patients suffered preoperatively from diabetes mellitus type 2. Ten of these had a remission after 5 years. The quality-of-life was assessed 3 years post-operatively for 164 patients and showed an improvement in 83.5% of them.
Laparoscopic implantation of the Cousin Bioring is a straightforward and safe operation. Complications occur, but they are rather benign and easy to remediate. The mean weight loss is considered successful (%EWL > 50) and persists 5 to 7 years after the operation.
KeywordsMorbid obesity Bariatric surgery Laparoscopy Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding has been proven a safe and efficient surgical treatment of morbid obesity [1, 2]. The first laparoscopic implantations of gastric bands were carried out in Belgium in the early 1990s by Cadière [3] and Belachew [4] separately.
We were among the first centres both in Europe and worldwide to perform these procedures shortly after the market introduction of the first gastric bands in the fall of 1994. Thus, by March 2003, when we started the implantation of the Cousin Bioring, our department had implanted more than a thousand other gastric bands.
Description of the Adjustable Gastric Band Bioring
The catheter of the Bioring is connected by a tapered connector to a 10.4-mm high low-profile access port with a large septum (diameter, 16 mm; Fig. 1). This new (since 2009) access port guarantees a stable position on the fascia and seems to facilitate puncturing during adjustments. Although the access port is radio-opaque, in our experience, radioscopy is rarely needed when adjusting the device. Since 2010, a self-adhesive access port of the same size is available.
The aim of this study is to review our experience with this particular type of adjustable gastric band. In this study, follow-up data of only the patients who had completed at least 5 years after the operation were analysed.
Materials and Methods
Between March 2003 and March 2010, 316 consecutive patients benefited from the laparoscopic implantation of a Cousin Bioring in our department. At the time of writing this paper, 169 patients had been operated on for 5 to 7 years with a mean of 69 months. In this group, the male-to-female ratio was 42/127. Body mass index (BMI) preoperatively ranged between 34 and 59 kg/m² (mean 42.6). Weights ranged between 88 and 190 kg (mean 117 kg) and ages between 16 and 66 years (mean 40 years). As many as 15 patients suffered from diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Seven patients were insulin-dependent, and eight were treated solely by oral anti-diabetic agents.
Of the 169 patients, 163 had a primary operation, two had a band implantation after a failed Mason procedure, one after a Nissen fundoplication and three had a rebanding procedure after removal of another type of band (twice for intra-gastric band erosions and once for leakage at the level of the inflatable part of the band). The rebanding procedures after band erosions were carried out 4 months after the band removal. In the case of leakage, band replacement was performed in one stage. All 169 patients were accessed via the pars flaccida route, and stabilising anterior gastric sutures were systematically placed.
Mean number of post-operative visitis and adjustments during the first 5 years
Years of post-operation
No. of visits
No. of adjustments
The improvement of the quality-of-life (QOL) was assessed 3 years post-operatively in 164 patients using the Moorehead–Ardelt QOL questionnaire scoring test 1. This test evaluates self-esteem, physical, social, work and sexual well-being [5].
The evolution of one co-morbidity (DM2) was monitored by the use of anti-diabetic agents.
In this group of 169 patients, the follow-up was completed for 161 of them. We inquired by phone about the condition of the eight patients lost to follow-up. Five of them pretended to be satisfied by the treatment but refused further follow-up in our department because they had no problems, especially since three of them were also living abroad. None of them had a complication. One patient died of unrelated cause but had no problem with the band. One patient had the band explanted laparoscopically in another hospital for intolerance and insufficient weight loss, and another one had the band elsewhere explanted and converted to a laparoscopic gastric bypass for the same reasons.
For this study, short- and long-term data were prospectively collected, extracted and analysed from the paper charts of the patients, which are available for all patients and were managed exclusively by the corresponding author (EN).
The Operation and the Post-Operative Course
All 169 procedures were completed laparoscopically. There were no intra-operative complications. Early post-operative complications were two cases of mild and transient dysphagia. Mortality was zero. Hospital discharge was on the first post-operative day for 165 of the 169 patients.
Weight Evolution
Mean weight loss expressed as absolute weight loss, BMI loss and %EWL
Years of post-operation
No. of patients
WL (kg)
At 5 years, %EWL was <25 for six patients (3.7%), 25–50 for 21 patients (13%), 50–75 for 116 patients (72%), 75–100 for 15 patients (9.3%) and >100 for three patients (1.9%).
Late Complications Requiring Surgery and Reoperations
Number of patients
Surgical approach
Removal for intolerance
Pouch dilatations
Gastric wall slippings
Central leaks
Port- related problems
5 Local + 1 laparoscopy
Of the 169 patients, four asked for band removal for intolerance and/or insufficient weight loss, two of them in our department and two in another hospital. One of the latter had a one-stage conversion to a gastric bypass. Another one of these four patients was the one who had a Nissen fundoplication earlier. While these are not real complications, they are an obvious failure of the treatment.
Four patients developed late pouch dilatations treated by laparoscopic repositioning of the Bioring to a higher level. These operations were completed uneventfully and with surprising ease. The helpful factors were the suppleness and streamlined profile of the band, as well as the ease of opening the Bioring.
One patient developed an anterior gastric wall slipping through the ring. At laparoscopy, the band was opened, the slipped stomach reduced underneath the band, some new gastro-gastric sutures were placed and the band was closed again.
The above-mentioned seven laparoscopic reoperations, carried out in our department, were uncomplicated, and all the patients were discharged on the first post-operative day.
Six patients needed a re-intervention for problems at or close to the access port. In one patient, there was a disconnection between the port and the catheter of the Bioring. In this patient, laparoscopy was needed to pick up the catheter from the abdomen. In two patients, there was a 180° rotation of an older type of port, which made the system inaccessible. Three more patients had a leak at the level of the catheter close to the access port. All these six problems were solved on a day-surgery basis. To date, we have no record of any infections of the device or any intra-gastric erosions or central leaks of the bands.
Three years after the operation, 4% of the 164 patients tested mentioned a diminished QOL; 12.5% experienced no change; 24% experienced improvement and 59.5% great improvement.
Evolution of Diabetes
Evolution of diabetes mellitus type 2 (15 patients)
Five years post-operation
Oral agents only
Off medication
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding procedure started more than 15 years ago and is today one of the highest performed surgical procedures for the treatment of morbid obesity worldwide [6]. It has meanwhile been proven an efficient and safe method.
In the beginning, as with any new procedure, there were numerous problems and complications [1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. This was due to several reasons. First, there was the learning curve and the lack of appropriate surgical instruments. Second, in the 1990s, the bands were implanted via the perigastric route, which caused a significant number of anterior and posterior gastric wall slippings, as well as some band erosions [1, 2, 10, 12, 13, 14]. In a retrospective study of 973 patients who had a Lap-Band implanted (511 first patients perigastric and 462 last patients pars flaccida), Dargent reported a decrease in the number of slippings within 34 months after the operation from 5.2% (perigastric) to 0.6% (pars flaccida) [10]. In a randomised prospective study of 202 patients who had a Lap-Band implanted (101 patients perigastric and 101 patients pars flaccida), O'Brien reported a 16% prolapse rate after 2 years in the perigastric group compared to 4% in the pars flaccida group [12]. Third and last, the first-generation bands were hard and rigid high-pressure bands with prominent protrusions; they were difficult or impossible to reopen, with poor connections between the access port and the catheter and fragile silicon at the level of the inflatable part. With growing experience, adapted surgical instruments and better optical systems, the ubiquitous use of the pars flaccida route with somewhat higher placement of the bands and the availability of a new generation of smooth and supple low pressure bands, overall results have improved remarkably [1, 2, 10, 12, 13]. At the time of our first Bioring implantations in 2003, all the above-mentioned requirements were met. Consequently, we succeeded to operate 169 consecutive patients without intra-operative and with only two benign early post-operative complications.
However, some late complications developed. In this series of 169 patients with a follow-up of at least 5 years and a mean follow-up of 69 months, there were six (3.6%) complications requiring laparoscopic reoperations (four pouch dilatations, one gastric wall slipping and one port disconnection) and five (3%) port-related complications which we managed to treat by a strictly subcutaneous approach. Until today, there were no erosions, central leaks or infections of the Bioring. So far, all these late problems were swiftly treated without complications and without the loss of the device. In addition, four of the total group of 169 patients (2.4%) had a band removal for intolerance and/or insufficient weight loss, one of them with conversion to a gastric bypass. Thus, the overall complication rate was 11 (6.5%), and the reoperation rate was 15 in 169 patients (8.9%).
Review of the literature indicates that this late complication and reoperation rate were low. Weiner reported similar results in a study of 984 patients (most of them Lap-Bands). Major complications including slippings, erosions and band replacements occurred in 3.9%, and port problems occurred in 2.2% of the patients. However, the follow-up period in this series was somewhat shorter (follow-up 1–99 months; mean 55.5 months) compared to our series, and 24 patients had a non-complete follow-up [1].
In a series of 1,000 patients (1,111 patients of whom 111 lost to follow-up) who had a Lap-Band implanted, Chevallier reported a cumulative rate of complications of 19.3%. Abdominal reoperations, including port disconnections, were required in 11.1% of the patients. In addition, 3.6% of the patients had a port problem that was treated by a subcutaneous approach. However, the follow-up period in this series ranged only between 0 and 7 years (5 and 7 years in our series) and 11% of the patients were lost to follow-up [13]. In a series of 1,791 patients, after Lap-Band implantation, Favretti reported a 5.9% major complication rate (including slippings, erosions, pouch dilatations, band removals for intolerance and infections) and 11.2% port-related problems. The follow-up in this series ranged between 0 and 12 years and about 9% of the patients were lost to follow-up [15]. In a series of 591 patients after implantation of a Lap-Band, a Lowate band, a Swedish band or a Minimizer band, Biagini reported a late complication rate of 22.3%. Of these complications, 35.5% were band failures, half of them at the level of the port and half of them at the level of the catheter or the inflatable part of the device (leaks or failures of the locking mechanism). Other complications were slippings, erosions, infections, intolerances and high band positions. The follow-up in this study ranged between 0 and 10 years (mean 35 months), and many patients were lost to follow-up (e.g. in the group of patients >4 years after the initial operation, 25.5% were lost to follow-up) [2].
In a study of 123 patients after implantation of a Swedish band, Tolonen reported a complication rate of 24.4%, including leaks, slippings, erosions, infections and severe reflux symptoms. As many as 30 patients (24.4%) needed at least one reoperation, 10 of them for a central leak of the band but only three (2.4%) of them for a problem at the level of the port. The follow-up period in this study ranged between 5 and 11 years (mean 86 months) but 20% of the patients were lost to follow-up at 5 years and 30% at 8 years [14]. Recently, Mittermair reported in a study of 785 patients who had a Swedish band implanted complications (but apart from the classic complications also including oesophagitis and oesophageal dilatations) in 50.4% of the patients. Fifty patients (6.4%) developed a central leak of the band. A reoperation was needed in 32% of the patients. Reoperation rate at the level of the port was 9.17%. The follow-up period in this study ranged between 1 and 10 years (mean 3 years). Many patients in this study were lost to follow-up (completeness of follow-up 73%) [8].
In a study of 317 patients treated with either a Lap-Band or a Swedish band, Suter reported 33.1% of the patients with at least one late complication (but apart from the classic complications also including intolerance, severe reflux symptoms and insufficient weight loss). As many as 133 reoperations were needed in 94 (29.6%) patients, of which 45 were needed at the level of the port. The follow-up period in this study ranged between 27 and 101 months (mean 74 months), and depending on the number of years after the initial operation, 1.3% to 33.4% of the patients were lost to follow-up (e.g. 11.8% of the eligible patients 5 years after the initial operation) [7].
In this study, the mean weight loss curve expressed as %EWL calculated on weight above BMI 22.5, went up steeply during the first year (%EWL 46) and reached its summit after 3 years (%EWL 58) then went slightly down over 2 years (%EWL 56 after 5 years) and then stabilised. Reported weight losses after gastric banding vary greatly in recent literature. Favretti reported a mean EWL of only 37.3% and 37.4% 5 and 6 years, respectively, after Lap-Band implantation [15] whereas Biagini reported mean EWL of 82.8% 6 years after implantation of several types of gastric bands [2]. In a systematic review of the literature, O'Brien reported a mean EWL of 54% and 53% 5 and 6 years after implantation of Lap-Bands and Swedish bands [16]. Most other authors reported similar EWL between 45% and 60% after 5 or 6 years [1, 8, 14], and this was our experience too. We believe that the major weight loss achieved over the first year was influenced by our adjustment policy. Especially during the first post-operative months, we performed frequent and rather aggressive adjustments. Subsequently, adjustments were more gentle which helped achieve fine-tuning of the fill volume at the end of the weight-loss process. Even several years after the operation, we regularly perform adjustments in order to obtain a permanent weight loss, also taking into account the wishes of each individual patient (Table 1). We also believe this policy has contributed to the fact that only four of the 169 patients have asked for a band removal for intolerance and/or insufficient weight loss. As a consequence, it is not surprising that we have found that 83.5% of patients experienced a better or a markedly better QOL 3 years after the operation compared to preoperatively. Myers reported similar results in a study of 67 patients with a mean follow-up of 27 months, but by using the Moorehead–Ardelt QOL questionnaire scoring test 2 [17]. Of the 169 patients, 15 suffered preoperatively from DM2, seven of them being insulin-dependent. Of these seven patients, four benefitted from a full remission of DM2 after 5 years, one needed oral anti-diabetic agents only and two remained insulin-dependent. Of the eight DM2 patients treated preoperatively by anti-diabetic agents solely, six benefitted from a full remission after 5 years while two continued their medication (Table 4). O'Brien recently reported similar results where gastric banding leads, in adults with mild to severe obesity, to remission in three out of four patients [18].
In conclusion, the results of this study appear to show that laparoscopic implantation of the Cousin Bioring for morbid obesity is a very safe operation. The number of late complications requiring surgery so far has been low (6.5%) compared to most other recently published series. We believe this is partly because we had already an extensive experience with other gastric bands when we started implantations of Bioring and partly because of the specific characteristics of the Bioring itself. Moreover, all complications could be solved through minimally invasive and safe procedures and without the loss of the implant. The mean weight loss in this study is comparable to what has been reported in recent literature and can be considered as acceptable (%EWL > 55) up to 5, 6 and 7 years after the operation. After 5 years, 134 patients (83.2%) had an acceptable %EWL > 50. Not all the patients with a %EWL < 50 after 5 years were disappointed. In the vast majority of the patients, maximal patient satisfaction was achieved thanks to the adjustability of the system, allowing for an individual compromise between good weight loss and acceptable food restriction.
Erik Niville is a consultant with Cousin Biotech. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
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Massively Parallel Computations using Parallel Index Set in C++
In many parallel scientific codes we do not deal with distributed objects but rather with distributed containers. These codes exhibit recurring communication schemes that only send some entries of the container to other cores. The communicated type might change in the algorithm while the scheme stays the same. Often efficient sequential routines exist that developers want and should reuse in their parallel algorithm.
In this session we present a parallel communication library based on the message passing standard (MPI) to address these needs. It makes purely sequential containers usable in parallel algorithms by imposing a global index mapping onto sequential containers together with a partitioning into parts on by the core and ghost entries owned by other cores. Based on the mapping communication schemes can be precomputed and reused for different types using generic programming.
We will show scalability tests of real-world simulation codes adressing more than 100,000,000,000 container entries on more than 200,000 cores. Furthermore we will talk about how to make use of these results already on current multi-core server and small clusters of them.
Speaker: Markus Blatt
Language: english


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Oak Brook, Ill. (April 4, 2012) — Ronald McDonald House Charities® of Chicagoland and Northwest Indiana (RMHC-CNI) today announced that Starwood Hotels of Chicago will serve as the official hotel partner of the world's largest Ronald McDonald House scheduled to open in Chicago this summer. The partnership will ensure that any family whose child is being cared for at a downtown Chicago hospital will have a convenient and comfortable place to stay while their child is being treated.
Designed to support potential guest overflow in the new House, this new alliance provides a hotline in which, on the rare occasion the House is overcapacity, the House Director can call to quickly determine alternate housing at a special RMHC-CNI rate at a designated Starwood hotel in the River North neighborhood.
"We are truly honored to be working with such a great organization as Ronald McDonald House Charities," said Peter Simoncelli, General Manager, The Westin Chicago River North. "The assistance the House provides both children and their families is indescribable."
Starwood Hotels & Resorts serves as one of the most innovative operators of lifestyle hospitality brands in the world, and is committed to helping local communities through philanthropic endeavors. This unique partnership between RMHC-CNI and Starwood Hotels of Chicago provides an opportunity for purpose to meet profit by creating a platform for Starwood customers and employees to participate in volunteer opportunities, while providing exclusive access to offers and activities for families staying at the new House.
The Starwood Hotels of Chicago partnering with RMHC-CNI include Sheraton Chicago, The Westin Chicago River North, The Westin Michigan Avenue, W Chicago – Lakeshore, W Chicago – City Center, Four Points by Sheraton Magnificent Mile and The Tremont Chicago Hotel at Magnificent Mile. Each of the hotels involved is located within walking distance of the new House which is located at 211 E. Grand in Chicago's Streeterville neighborhood near the new Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.
"It is a great compliment to the City of Chicago to have the largest Ronald McDonald House in the world," said Simoncelli. "We look forward to partnering and helping them achieve their mission through awareness and support in the Chicago business community."
The 14-story world's largest House will have 86 rooms and is scheduled to open in June 2012 to provide care and comfort for the families of hospitalized children each and every day of the year. RMHC-CNI is committed to helping the local community by keeping families together when they need it most.
"We are honored to have the Starwood Hotels of Chicago partner with us," said Doug Porter, CEO of RMHC-CNI. "It is only with the extremely generous support of organizations such as Starwood that we are able to make this house a home."
Always located in close proximity to major children's hospitals, RMHC-CNI provides a "home away from home" for families of pediatric patients being cared for in area hospitals, while also proactively reaching out to children in need with mobile medical care and educational opportunities.
About Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc.
Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. is one of the leading hotel and leisure companies in the world with 1,090 properties in 100 countries and territories with 154,000 employees at its owned and managed properties. Starwood Hotels is a fully integrated owner, operator and franchisor of hotels, resorts and residences with the following internationally renowned brands: St. Regis®, The Luxury Collection®, W®, Westin®, Le Méridien®, Sheraton®, Four Points® by Sheraton, Aloft®, and ElementSM. The company boasts one of the industry's leading loyalty programs, Starwood Preferred Guest (SPG), allowing members to earn and redeem points for room stays, room upgrades and flights, with no blackout dates. Starwood Hotels also owns Starwood Vacation Ownership, Inc., one of the premier developers and operators of high quality vacation interval ownership resorts. For more information, please visit www.starwoodhotels.com
About Ronald McDonald House Charities® of Chicagoland and Northwest Indiana (RMHC®-CNI):
The mission of Ronald McDonald House Charities of Chicagoland and Northwest Indiana (RMHC®-CNI) is to improve the health, well-being and education of children through our four core programs:
For more information visit www.RonaldHouseChicago.org


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Samantha Orland (Angelique Cabral) is the main villainess from Backstrom's second episode, "Bella."
Samantha Orland is an arson investigator with a dark and twisted secret: she's actually an arsonist. She gets so turned on by the sight of fire that she started burning down houses, which she did while working in Seattle under the same position. Once she reached Portland, Samantha continued her evil activities, even burning down a house that actually had people inside. To cover her tracks, the evil Samantha falsified the reports and hired Backstrom to work on the case. Samantha is caught by Backstrom, Gravely, and Mojo, when she's parked in front of another house that she intends to burn. During the interrogation, flammable chemicals are found in Samantha's trunk and she is later arrested and charged with arson.