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The Creator of the "East Coast IFR Experience" Visiting IMCClub Norwood
IMC Clubs is proud to announce a guest speaker at IMC Clubs Norwood meeting on Tuesday March 9, 2010 - Doug Stewart.
Doug is known nationally for his Single Pilot IFR presentation. In this seminar, Doug Stewart, the creator of the "East Coast IFR Experience" will discuss the challenges and the risks of flying in instrument conditions. Drawing on his wealth of experience, he will offer numerous tips on how to manage the risks, and become a safe and confident pilot not only in the IFR world, but in the VFR environment as well.
Doug Stewart is the "National Certificated Flight Instructor of the Year for 2004". A Master Certified Flight Instructor, Gold Seal Instructor, and Designated Pilot Examiner and the Chairman of the Society of Aviation and Flight Educators, he is based at the Columbia County Airport (1B1) in Hudson, NY.
Both the Windsor Locks Flight Standards District Office and the New England Regional Office of the FAA recognized him as the "Flight Instructor of the Year".
He had logged well over 9000 hours of dual instruction given, with over 3000 hours of that being instrument instruction.
Due to limited seating registration for this event is required.
More information can be found at: www.imcclubs.org
# # #
IMC club is coaching, training, mentoring and helping pilots to fly in actual instrument meteorological conditions.
Regular bi-weekly meetings where pilots and instructors have the opportunity to engage and discuss topics related to instrument flying are combined with actual mission flights where members fly missions designed on a graduated scale of complexity.
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California Democrats send Feinstein a pointed message by not...
A frequent flier reveals the two words that will always get...
Hawaiian Airlines abruptly cancels hundreds of flights
Oakland mayor warns that immigration raids may be coming this...
Hit team ambushes, kills local rapper after leaving show at a...
Skier Gus Kenworthy blasts Ivanka Trump's appearance at...
Steven Seagal has a cryptocurrency now. It's bad.
These California agents are coming for your guns
SF is building more housing now than in recent history, but...
Russell Westbrook accuses Zaza Pachulia of intentionally...
Monthly Archive for August, 2011
Kim Kardashian bought pregnancy kit during honeymoon?
Socialite and reality TV star Kim Kardashian may not be wasting any time in starting a family with new husband Kris Humphries — she was spotted buying a pregnancy kit during the newlyweds' brief honeymoon in Italy.
A fellow holiday-maker tells Life & Style magazine the "Keeping Up With The Kardashians" beauty was spotted buying the kit from a pharmacy in Arsenali on August 25, five days after she wed basketball player Humphries.
The happy couple honeymooned at the nearby Hotel Santa Caterina in Amalfi.
The holiday-maker, Brit Nick Jones, tells the publication, "She came on her own and bought two pregnancy tests. She didn't speak any Italian and looked a bit embarrassed. The counter staff didn't know who she was, but we get 'Keeping Up With the Kardashians' back home, so I knew that she was famous."
Kendra Wilkinson glad Hugh Hefner was dumped by Crystal Harris
Kendra Wilkinson is pleased Hugh Hefner's ex-fiancee Crystal Harris split from the publishing mogul days before their wedding, because now he's back to his former self.
The Playboy boss was left distraught when the 25-year-old model called off their June nuptials at the last minute.
But his ex-girlfriend Wilkinson couldn't be happier he avoided walking down the aisle, because she's convinced he wasn't himself when he was with Harris.
She tells Fox News, "My only word to him was 'good!' He wouldn't be Hugh Hefner if he got married to her. We have Hef back so I'm glad, I'm happy."
Justin Bieber involved in minor car crash
Justin Bieber was involved in a traffic scare in Los Angeles on Tuesday afternoon after his Ferrari collided with a Honda.
The pop superstar and his flashy motor are reportedly fine and undamaged following the accident, which has been described as a "minor" fender bender by local cops.
As WENN went to press it was not clear who was at fault, but neither party is expected to be charged with any traffic offense.
Robert Downey, Jr. to be a dad again
Robert Downey, Jr. is counting down to another "Due Date" – his wife, Susan Downey, is pregnant with their first child.
The actor, who played a man rushing home to be with his pregnant wife in the 2010 comedy "Due Date," is expecting a baby with the film producer in February.
The news was confirmed by Susan's aunt Nancy Miller, who tells Star magazine, "I think it's wonderful that she's pregnant. The baby is due in February. Susan's father, my brother, called me about three weeks ago with the good news. Her parents are over the moon about it."
The new arrival will be Susan's first child but Downey, Jr. is already a father — he has a 17-year-old son Indio from his first marriage to actress Deborah Falconer.
David Arquette turned to Howard Stern to make 'Dancing' decision
David Arquette only agreed to take part in "Dancing With The Stars" after getting his pal Howard Stern's approval.
The "Scream" star has signed up to appear on the upcoming series of the contest alongside Chaz Bono, TV star Kristin Cavallari and George Clooney's ex Elisabetta Canalis.
Arquette has already admitted to consulting his daughter Coco, and now he's revealed it was Stern who convinced him to sign up to the program.
He tells Sirius-XM's Howard 100 News, "One of my first calls when I was considering it was to Howard. I asked him, 'What do you think?' They asked me last season too, and he said, 'I think it would be a good opportunity for people to get to know you better,' and that was one of my deciding factors."
And Arquette is determined to involve the Stern in the dance series — by asking for his advice after every episode.
He adds, "I want him to be my backstage coach, to just help me out if he has any pointers, if he thinks I should focus on something, or what I'm doing wrong and sort of be part of the whole competition."
Gwen Stefani beach fabulous at 41
Singer Gwen Stefani sported a black bikini top, flowy skirt and rock-solid abs during a trip to the beach with her family. Watch the video for a peek at Stefani's toned midriff, plus photos of the singer and her just-as-buff husband, Gavin Rossdale.
Chris Brown's lost Rolex watch returned by fan
R&B singer Chris Brown's representative has thanked a fan who found the star's lost Rolex watch at the MTV Video Music Awards and handed it to security staff.
The singer was wearing the $22,000 diamond-encrusted timepiece during his performance at the glitzy event on Sunday night.
The watch came loose as Brown sang and he tried to throw it to a safe place as he continued his energetic dance routine, but it ended up in the audience.
Brown's security guard later ventured into the crowd to ask if any fans had seen the Rolex – and he was surprised when one honest reveler handed it over.
Now Brown's spokesperson has spoken of the star's appreciation for the mystery fan's honesty, telling TMZ.com, "Although Chris did not get to meet the fan, he is very appreciative of the fan's actions."
Melanie Chisholm regrets tattoos folly
Former Spice Girls star Melanie Chisholm has joined British socialite Peaches Geldof in telling of her regret at having tattoos.
The singer has around 10 tattoos on her back, arms, legs and stomach, including Tibetan symbols, a Celtic cross, and the word 'Angel' above her navel.
But she's already ruing her youthful folly, because she is often forced to hide her body art with cosmetics as they're in prominent places on her body.
Asked by Britain's Hello! magazine if she regrets having tattoos, Chisholm says, "Some of them. I was very young and I've changed a lot since then, plus some of them are in prominent places. When I did Blood Brothers on stage I had to cover them up, which was a messy job involving acrylic paint and glue."
Last week, Geldof revealed she despises her numerous inkings, insisting she wants to "graft a completely new skin" for her body.
Alyssa Milano is a mom
Alyssa Milano has joined the Hollywood mom's club.
The actress gave birth to a son, called Milo, at a Los Angeles hospital on Wednesday morning.
It's the first child for Milano and her husband, David Bugliari.
The former "Charmed" star announced she was expecting a baby boy in March and the avid Los Angeles Dodgers fan celebrated her pregnancy with a baseball-themed baby shower at Dodgers Stadium on August 14, when she was joined by friends and family, including actor Colin Hanks, actress Holly Robinson Peete and Twitter founder Jack Dorsey.
She and Hollywood agent Bugliari wed in 2009.
Matthew Fox facing assault charges
The woman who allegedly punched Matthew Fox in order to "protect" herself during a scuffle in Ohio on Saturday has filed charges against the actor.
The "Lost" star had attempted to board a party bus in Cleveland when he was confronted by driver Heather Bormann because his name was not among the list of guests.
A scuffle ensued and Bormann insists she had no choice but to strike the actor because he allegedly attacked her first.
She claimed, "(Fox) leaned in and started punching my crotch and breast. I took one hand to his jaw and he was spitting blood. He stumbled backwards. This was my self-defense. This was the only way I could protect myself … from a man beating up on a woman."
Fox was detained by police after the encounter, although not formally arrested. However, on Tuesday, Bormann filed assault charges against the star, according to CNN.
Police in Cleveland are investigating the incident and city prosecutors have photographed the injuries Bormann alleges were inflicted by Fox.

subset: commoncrawl


text: The Nigerian Academy of Science was inaugurated in 1977 as the climax of five years of renewed effort by concerned Nigerian scientists under the auspices of the Science Association of Nigeria (SAN) to overcome the obstacles that had plagued previous efforts of about 20 years to establish an academy of science. The academy membership is currently 100: an average of 5 new members are elected each year. The main objectives of the academy are to promote the growth, acquisition and dissemination of scientific knowledge and to facilitate its use in the solution of major problems of national interest.


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Sign up to keep track of your favourite spaces and revisit them later.
Clean functional space with 25% office space.
Located in the well sought after industrial campus in Markham, 90 Nolan Court is in close proximity to public transit and the 400-series highways, as well as many great amenities. The building also offers ample surface parking and is professionally managed by Dream Industrial REIT.


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PBS Digital Studios has released another animated interview video for their Blank on Blank series, this time featuring Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain. The late singer opens up to Jon Savage about feeling awkward in high school, his thoughts on Zeppelin lyrics, thinking he might have been gay, and the effect that came with getting married and having a child. It's got a good bit of information for Nirvana fans and of course the animation is entertaining.
See it above.


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Coconut Water and Coconut Meat Ayurvedic Benefits
Coconut has been used in Ayurveda for many centuries. Apart from the culinary uses, coconut and coconut water has many health benefits mentioned in Ayurveda. The coconut palm is a nature's wonder. In Indian culture, it is appropriately described as 'Kalpavriksha' (a mythological tree supposed to grant all the wishes, or the tree that provides all the necessities of life). Ayurveda divides coconut into three types based on different the stages of its life. Read on to know more about the three types of coconuts and their Ayurvedic benefits.
Ayurveda divides coconut into three types, each with different qualities:
Baal (Tender or baby coconut)
This type of coconut consist of 90 to 95 percent water. It has excellent cooling properties. It is a Pitta-dosha pacifier due to its cooling effect on the body.
(If you do not know your body type according to Ayurveda, you can check your body type and know more about the Vata, Pitta, Kapha dosha body types, by reading my other post on this topic by clicking HERE. )
Tender coconut water lubricates the dryness caused by Ama (toxins). It repairs the gastrointestinal tract, and its Snigdha (sweet) quality gives it a Pranaropana (life-restoring) capacity.
Madhyam (Half-mature coconut)
The coconut at this stage has some soft pulp in it. Madhyam coconuts have less water than tender ones. During the maturation process of the coconut, the coconut water receives the vibration of fire or agni from the Sun, so it is lighter on your metabolic system.
The middle-aged coconut is said to be the most nutritious. This type generally has more carbohydrates, protein, minerals, phosphorus, and vitamins A, B, and C than the other two forms.
Pakva (Fully matured coconut)
This type of coconut has firm 'meat' or pulp in it with very little water. When a coconut becomes mature, it becomes heavy to digest, and it can also aggravate Pitta or Vata dosha. If large quantities of this type are consumed daily, a person can suffer from hyper acidity.
Benefits of Coconut and Coconut Water:
- Tender Coconut water is very effective in curing hyper-acidity with its Pitta pacifying quality. It is capable getting all the toxins out of the body and purify the digestive system. Tender coconut balances acid levels and cools the digestive system.
- Coconut has Keshya properties, which means it improves hair quality. In Southern regions of India, women massage with/apply coconut oil to their hair every day. Along with that, coconut in the form of its oil/meat is a part of their daily diet which gives them long and lustrous hair.
- Coconut water is a coolant, which makes it soothing and anti-inflammatory for your skin and gut.
- If you are suffering from dryness or heat conditions, or even simple dehydration, coconut water will cool and soothe those conditions.
- Coconut is a natural stress buster.
- Coconut water quenches even the strongest thirst.
- Coconut water is a Electrolyte rich drink, helps replenish minerals and salts as well as fluid, helping your body absorb water for relief of cellular thirst.
- Coconut water and coconut meat helps to improve skin complexion. Coconut milk and coconut meat can be applied to the skin as a face pack to improve skin texture.
Things to take into consideration while consuming coconut:
- Tender and half-matured coconuts are good for almost anyone.
- If you're a Kapha dosha-dominated person (you body type), drinking too much of coconut water will make you feel so cool and heavy that your Kapha dosha will go out of balance, causing all sorts of health problems. If you do not know your body type according to Ayurveda, you can check your body type, and know more about the Vata, Pitta, Kapha dosha body types, by reading my other post on this topic by clicking HERE.
- As I mentioned earlier, mature coconut is heavy to digest. So when you cook mature coconut, you should cook it with spices and salt. The process of cooking adds agni to the coconut, it becomes lighter and easier on your digestion after interacting with the spices, heat, and the salt.
- People in southern/coastal regions in India eat coconut daily in the form of chutney or curry which is made up of combining spices with shredded coconut which makes it easy to digest.
- You can drink the fresh liquid that comes out of a coconut, but don't use it in cooking. Cooking will destroy its nutrients.
This natural well-balanced fluid composition with essential Nutrients and Electrolytes would be an ideal drink, as compared to any other artificial soft drink beverage in dehydrating conditions.
If you want to get notifications about our new posts on Ayurveda, Spirituality, Yoga, Healthy Living, Tips, etc. :
- 'Like' our Facebook Page by clicking here – Wholesome Ayurveda .
- If you want to get notified by email – enter your email in the subscribe section here on this page. Don't worry, it's safe and FREE! 🙂


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If we had unlimited funds, then do not worry because there are few options deck lighting ideas that we can apply without having to injure the following account and are friends.
There are several decks lighting ideas that we can get to maximize the look and function of the deck that we have. Lighting is one of the important components in the decoration, including the decks and getting the lighting right is a very important thing we do with the view that we want to consider the present and respective capabilities. By applying the proper lighting on the deck, then we can create an environment that is comfortable and inviting at night arrived so make anyone to come to the deck and relax enjoying the beautiful stars at night.
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You can cash in two ways by starting your own picture framing business.
Custom Framing Business
If you have had anything framed professionally, you have had to pay the price. People are willing to pay to have their family photos, mementos, artifacts framed professionally. Business may also use this service. For instance, a restaurant may want to frame a menu from opening day.
Adding Value to Prints–Just Put them in a Frame
See our section on Artisan and Swapmeeting for more info on how to set up this type of business. You can buy old photos, art prints, sports posters, reproduced sports cards and frame them yourself. The companies who print these items have the copyrights but sell them for a very reasonable price. See the Artisan section for suppliers. You can also re-sell framed prints on-line. The key is finding an audience like fans of a particular team or city.
So framing must involve a lot of expensive equipment? Not exactly.
(Editor's Note to IT guy we seem to have lost some content. ???? Widget code not working.)
This is what we managed to find on-line that can be used to set up a starter framing business:
1. Miter Saw. If you have ever used one, you know how nice it is to have one that shows the cut line. A lot of newer models use laser lines, this one is inexpensive and makes a cut line by using LED lights behind the blade. You really find deals on Amazon. Only $40!!
Since this deal will probably end soon we also found this saw with a laser
All of the miter saws are intended for general purpose. Since you won't need to use for cutting 2×4's you may want to replace the blade with one that has more teeth so that your cuts will be clean.
Next you will need a joiner to put your frames together
And you will need a device to hold your stuff into the frame. Yes you could use a regular staple gun or nails, but this will work better and you will have less breakage problems.
You may also want a way to cut the material that goes around the photos. Mat cutters help you get it straight. We noted this one has great reviews and a free video.
Picture Framing Supplies
You can pick up picture frame molding, glass/plastic, and matting material locally. One supperstore that sells all of this stuff is located in Irvine http://www.123frame.net
These are some stores near Orange County. Please let us know if what we are missing.
Active Sales Co in Sante Fe Springs. They sell equipment.
Direct Molding of San Marcos
Max Moldings of LA
Picture Framing Education
Classes at Community College
The best training for your money can be found at your local community college. These classes are not advertised very much; and they are not for college credit so they will not be in the college catalog. They are taught as "extension" or "community" classes. For instance, Golden West College in Huntington Beach offers tow classes "Picture Framing on a Budget" and " Advanced Picture Framing." They are all day classes and cost $45 for materials and less than $100 to enroll in the class. These are taught about twice a year. Check out www.gwccommunityservices.com for details. Other community colleges may offer the same program.
Picture Framers Magazine This is for pro framers and they have a lot of books/guides that are only found at art stores.
There is a Professional Picture Framing Association (PFFA) The do not have a chapter in Orange County, but they do have a chapter in La Jolla. They offer a certificate program to become a Certified Picture Framer (CPF), and a certificate as a Master Certified Picture Framer. They require one year and five years of experience. You need to pay a fee of around $300 and pass and exam. You can take an online exam for the CPF. They have reccomended the following books on their study guide. Most of these are available through the association. There are some used copies on Amazon, but they are a bit expensive.
1. The Complete Guide to Shadowboxes and Framing Objects James Miller, MCPF, GCF (Not available on Amazon, but available here)
2. Art & Picture Framing Glossary of Standard Terms PPF (This book appears to only be available through the association.)
3. Caring for Your Art Jill Snyder
4. Picture Framing, Volume 1 Vivian Kistler
5. Mat Cutting and Decoration, Volume 2 Vivian Kistler
6. Framing Photography, Volume 6 Allan Lamb
7. PPFA Guidelines for Framing Works of Art on Paper (only available via the association.) 8. PPFA Guidelines for Framing Works of Art on Canvas (only available via the association.) 9. The Mounting and Laminating Handbook Chris Paschke
10. CCI Notes: Paintings Canadian Conservation Institute
11. Preserving Textiles Harold F. Mailand and Dorothy Stites
Picture Framing Franchises
The franchises emphasize that this is a high margin business. It could be argued that you need the marketing power of a franchise to succeed.
Big Picture Framing http://www.bigpictureframing.com/about-us/franchising They don't give any info on what it takes to buy a franchise.
FastFrame is probably the best known franchise. The required investment is between $105,000 and $150,000. You can expect it to be on the higher side since we are in California. They do not require any experience in this business. It looks like they have taken down their franchise site.
Budget Framer is a similar operator, but we are not sure if it is coming to Orange County.
(franchise website) They cost about the same as FastFrame, and require you have $50,000 in liquid capital along with decent credit. They no longer seem to have franchise information up on the web.
Deck the Wall They estimate a franchise will cost Between $112,000 and $201,000. They are an east coast company that does not currently have any locations in California. (website).
The Great Frame Up www.tgfufraninfo.com They estimate the cost to start at around $112,000-$178,000. The initial franchise fee is $30,000 for your first store and $10,000 for each additional store.
© 2011 OCBusinessStartUp.com


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Watch House Season 5 Episode 17 online via TV Fanatic with over 5 options to watch the House S5E17 full episode. Affiliates with free and paid streaming include Amazon, iTunes, Vudu, YouTube Purchase, and Google Play.
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On this episode of House, the team deals with a patient... that acts just like House! Dude has serious problems with his frontal lobe.
- Show:
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This turban-twist style headband is not made of satin. It is great for accessorizing your hairstyle and keeping sweat at bay while working out. The turban twisted gathering goes in the front with the elastic band in the back.
One size fits most adult heads.CARE INSTRUCTIONS: Hand Wash, Lay Flat To Dry, Do Not Iron, Do Not Wring
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Many people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience paranoia or paranoid thinking under conditions of stress. Paranoia is a term generally used to refer to intense beliefs of mistrust or the malicious intentions of others. For example, someone with paranoia may have the belief that the government is listening to their phone calls, or that their spouse is having an affair.

Paranoid Ideation in BPD

Episodes of paranoid thinking, or ideation, can range from mild and short-lived to very severe and chronic. Some individuals with psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia or delusional disorder, tend to have severe, chronic paranoid ideation that has no relationship to reality.

In contrast, while many people with borderline personality disorder do experience paranoia since it is part of the diagnostic criteria for BPD, it tends to occur only under conditions of stress or interpersonal conflict.

For example, an adolescent with BPD might see two of his friends talking in the hallway and develop the paranoid belief that his friends all secretly hate him and are planning to humiliate him. Or an adult with BPD might misread their partner's cues that they want some alone time as a sign that the relationship is being terminated, and dwell on this belief even when a great deal of evidence to the contrary is presented.

At least one study suggests that while individuals with BPD differ from those with psychotic disorders in terms of their psychotic reactivity, which is their tendency to have paranoid ideation and other thinking and perceptual problems under stress, they do not necessarily differ from patients with psychotic disorders in terms of the intensity of the paranoia or other psychotic experience. So, while people with BPD have short-term psychotic symptoms, these symptoms are not necessarily mild.

Stress Busters to Help Tame Paranoid Ideation

Because paranoia in BPD is worse when you are under stress, you may find it helpful to find ways to relax and work through your stress. Some popular stress busters are:

Deep breathing. The advantage of deep breathing is you can do it anywhere, anytime. Sit or lie down, fill up your lungs slowly, and then exhale your breath back out slowly. Repeat.

Meditation. This practice has been around for centuries and while there are different techniques, most of them focus on quiet, calm, relaxation and focusing your attention. Different meditation methods can be found online.

Yoga. Like mediation, the focus with yoga is on calm, relaxation, quiet, as well as posture and flexibility. There are many free yoga apps and instructional videos online to instruct you how to do yoga on your own, or you can sign up for a class at your local gym.

Tai chi. Another ancient practice, tai chi was meant for self-defense but is used by many people now to relax and reduce stress. Like yoga, it involves specific poses, targeted concentration, slow movements and focused breathing.

Biofeedback. In biofeedback, you learn how to control things such as heart rate and certain muscles by having monitors attached to you so you can visualize and hear what's going on in your body. By learning how to change your thoughts or emotions in a way to slow these mechanisms down, you help reduce stress.

Sources:

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV-TR Fourth Edition. American Psychiatric Association: 2000.

Glaser J-P, Van Os J, Thewissen V, Myin-Germeys I. "Psychotic Reactivity in Borderline Personality Disorder." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 121(2):125-134, 2010.

"Relaxation Techniques for Stress." MedLine Plus, U.S. National Library of Medicine (2014).


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Comment to: Improving the presentation of library data using FRBR and Linked data by Anne-Lena Westrum, Asgeir Rekkavik and Kim Tallerås. Code4Lib Journal, Issue 16, 2012-02-03
This is a very interesting article for anyone interested in how the public works with library catalogs. One additional aspect that would be especially interesting would be a comparison among patrons for the result sets as foreseen by FRBR, and those available through modern indexing practices. These can be seen in Worldcat now.
To take your example of Hamsun's Sult the uniform title is: Hamsun, Knut, 1859-1952. Sult, and searching this in Worldcat correctly http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3A%22sult%22+au%3A%22hamsun%2C+knut%22 gives 156 results that the patron can modify by format, other authors, dates, languages, and so on. This list can also be sorted by author, title, date, etc. Other indexes could be created too.
To get this kind of result, of course needs the catalogers to add consistently and correctly the uniform titles. But that is part of their job.


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As a part of our Product Support to get closer to our national wide customers, a wide range of spare parts are available in our warehouse, either in Jakarta Head Office or many provinces branch office. All GM Tractors branch offices are connected online to each other to expedite service and support to our customers.
In order to maintain quality and handling of parts storage, we have utilized a modern and fully air conditioned warehouse, this utility has met with the standardization of parts storage set by Wirtgen Group Germany. GM Tractors has also succeeded in applying barcode system to run our warehouse, so that the accuracy and rapidity of incoming-outgoing parts increase to be very efficient.
GM Tractors also provides the main components of heavy equipment, such as engines, transmissions, fuel injection pump and some other major components. This is taken to shorten breakdown times if the customers have to overhaul or replace their machines components that have entered excessive hour meter.
As our awareness and responsibility to the needy of our valuable customers, now besides marketing spare parts of some specific brands that we sell, moreover we sell multitude parts such as cutting tools, undercarriage, ground-engaging tools (GET) and filters for other brands of heavy equipment. Commodity parts that we offer are the ones with standard OEM quality at a very competitive price.
Operational of our parts department is carried out by human resources with high competent and extensive experienced in handling various heavy equipment. They are reliable to give solution and consultation about stocking and choosing the right parts to support the capability of customer's machines.


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May 27, 2014
#Commodities: Global recovery injects life back into #MiningStocks - Telegraph
May 23, 2014
Physical #Gold Supply Never Been Tighter
Wednesday I had the privilege again to interview Alex Stanczyk, Chief Market Strategist for the Anglo Far- East group of companies, who just returned from a trip to Switzerland. Alex confirmed to me the distribution of gold from west to east is not slowing down whatsoever. Refineries in Switzerland are still working 24 hour a day to cast bars for China, sometimes having difficulties sourcing the gold..
What was the purpose of your trip to Switzerland?
The purpose was two fold. We go to Switzerland once a year as part of our governance, we're required to have an annual inspection of the gold, that was the main purpose of the trip. But in addition to that we also liked to talk to the refineries. It was myself, it was the managing director of Anglo Far-East mister Philip Judge, and Jim Rickards went with us, he sits on our advisory board.
We met with the managing director of the largest refinery in Switzerland and spend about two hours talking to him, we learned some very interesting things. Whats going on in the gold market as far as the price, is I think very counter intuitive. Everybody understands, knows and believes the price should be higher than it is, but it isn't. There's confusion in the marketplace, and there are two reactions; the reaction in the west is fear, confusion and uncertainty; the reaction in the east is buying. Now, this gentleman we were talking to probably has a better idea of physical gold flow than anybody else globally. He sees what is coming from the mines, he sees what is coming from the UK, and all over the world, as well as where its going. He indicated the price didn't make sense because he has got so much fabrication demand. They put on three shifts, they're working 24 hours a day, and originally he thought that would wind down at some point. Well, they've been doing it all year. Every time he thinks its going to slow down, he gets more orders, more orders, more orders. They have expanded the plant to where it almost doubles their capacity. 70 % of their kilobar fabrication is going to China, at apace of 10 tons a week. That's from one refinery, now remember there are 4 of these big ones [refineries] in Switzerland.
That makes sense because withdraws from the Shanghai Gold Exchange vaults are 40 tons a week on average this year.
Well, there you go.
…At this Swiss refinery there have been several times this year on which they were unable to source gold, this shocked me. They're bringing in good delivery bars, scrap and dore from the mines, basically all they can get their hands on. This gentleman has been in the business for 37 years, he was there during the last bull market in the late seventies. I asked him when was the last time this has happened, that he was unable to source gold, he said never. And I clarified it, I asked: let me make sure if I understand what you're saying to me, in the last 37 years you've worked in the gold industry this has never happened? He said: this has never happened.
…There was one other comment that was fascinating, he said sometimes when they get gold in, it's coming from the back corners of the vaults. He knew this because these were good delivery bars marked in the sixties. This is a huge supply squeeze and its worse than anything that has happened in the last four decades. At some point there is going to be a massive squeeze on the price.
…All four Swiss refineries combined may be doing as much as [supply China] 2000 tons this year. That doesn't include what the Perth Mint ships to China, it doesn't include the 400 tons the Chinese mined domestically, and it doesn't include what they mined offshore with the mining companies they own all over the world. I suspect that total Chinese demand can reach as much as total global mining production this year.
…He also noted, in China there are 6 LBMA refineries but he has never seen a Chinese gold bar, they're keeping it all. Gold that goes into China is like going into a black-hole. I don't think it will be available on the market for decades to come, which only tightens the physical supply.
…The Chinese aren't buying it for trading, they're buying it as part of their wealth foundation for future generations. When the communists came to power in 1949, Chiang Kai-shek and the nationalist army fled the country and took all the gold with them. On that moment China had no gold, although they had thousands of years of history with gold, they had to start all over. I think the importance of rebuilding their gold reserves had been there in the last decades, but it accelerated the last three years or so, encouraging their people heavily to buy.
I also heard there is strong kilobar demand from the Middel East.
That's because Dubai does a lot of clearing for that entire area. Given what's happening to Saudi Arabia, and the potential that Saudi Arabia is separating itself from the United States, essentially the whole petro-dollar is at risk for them. Normally what they would do is sell their oil for dollars and then buy US treasuries, but if they're gonna separate from the US they're not gonna buy US treasuries. So what are they gonna buy?
Yes, possibly. That's what we think. We don't think they will be buying US treasuries, they supported them for 40 years, but the US has basically stabbed them in the back.
Alasdair Macleod actually said, on the Keiser Report, that a lot of 400 ounce bars from the Middle East are being refined in Switzerland into 1 K 4 nine bars [a gold bar of 1 kilogram, 99.99 % purity] and then sent back. Is the 1 K 4 nine bar becoming some new form of liquidity?
Possibly, all the demand that we can see in China is for 1 K bars. They want kilo, and they want four nines.
When do think the price is going to rise?
I'm not comfortable to put a time on this. What I do know is that we are on the threshold of a situation that has never occurred before. A squeeze is imminent, it could take 3 months or 6 months, but all I know is that it's coming, and I know that with 100 % certainty.
May 22, 2014
#Kurdistan is doing very (#oil) well, thank you #MasterEnergy @BloombergMrkts
With the new pipeline, oil production should grow to 1MM bopd in 2015
Tony Hayward Gets His Life Back as Kurdish Pipeline Opens
May 21, 2014 11:01 PM GMT+0200
of an oil boomtown. It bristles with construction cranes. Land Cruisers
and Range Rovers with tinted windows ply the busy streets. Oil workers
and briefcase-bearing foreigners crowd into the Divan Erbil Hotel's
piano bar.
At the foot of the 8,000-year-old Citadel -- which
claims to be the oldest continuously inhabited town in the world --
currency traders in the central market swap dollars, euros and Turkish
liras for Iraqi dinars out of glass boxes on the sidewalk. Shoppers
flock to Erbil's Family Mall, which features stores such as French
hypermarket operator Carrefour SA (CA) and Spanish clothing chain Mango.
the opening of a new oil pipeline this year, the boom is getting a
boost, Bloomberg Markets magazine will report in its June issue. Crude
that used to be transported by truck across the rugged, mountainous
terrain of the three northern provinces known as Iraqi Kurdistan began
flowing in stages through the pipeline in January.
The conduit,
built by the Kurdistan Regional Government, or KRG, runs about 400
kilometers (250 miles) from Khurmala, southwest of Erbil, to the Turkish
border, where it connects with an existing link to the Mediterranean
port of Ceyhan. Oil that sells for about $70 a barrel domestically could
fetch $100 or so in world markets.
Soaring GDPThe KRG said in October that an
average output of 400,000 barrels a day in 2014 could jump to 1 million
barrels by 2015 and twice that much by 2019. For 5.2 million Kurds in an
area roughly the size of Switzerland, the influx of foreign investment
and rising oil-related income promises an improving standard of living
as the rest of the country remains mired in sectarian violence.
KRG's Ministry of Planning forecasts that the economy will grow 8
percent a year through 2016. Since the KRG began selling oil contracts
to foreign investors in 2007, per capita gross domestic product in
Kurdistan has soared; it hit $5,600 in 2012, up from $800 10 years ago.
especially those that placed early bets. Beginning with the 1980 to 1988
War, the development of natural resources across all of Iraq, including
the north, was virtually on hold for more than two decades.
Fractious LeadershipThat's
because a series of full-blown conflicts and internecine clashes
preoccupied first Saddam Hussein and then the fractious leadership in
Baghdad that followed his ouster by U.S. and U.K. coalition forces in
Shiite majority that dominates Iraq politically today against the Sunni
minority that held sway under Hussein. In the north, the population is
overwhelmingly Sunni and relatively free of sectarian strife. In fact
sheets for foreign investors, the KRG says that no coalition soldiers
have been killed and no foreigners kidnapped in Iraqi Kurdistan.
Todd Kozel, chief executive officer of Hamilton, Bermuda–based Gulf Keystone Petroleum (GKP) Ltd., came to Iraqi Kurdistan three years after the 2003 invasion.
just had to be here," he says, sipping Johnnie Walker Black Label at the
Highly RewardedPittsburgh-born Kozel, 47,
says he saw opportunity in a land where high risk would be highly
rewarded. And it was. Since Gulf Keystone discovered oil at Iraqi
Kurdistan's Shaikan field in 2009, its market value has grown to about 1
billion pounds ($1.66 billion) from about 50 million pounds.
Chairman Bijan Mossavar-Rahmani says in his London office that DNO
plans to increase output from its Tawke field to about 200,000 barrels a
day this year from about 125,000 in 2013, showing how companies will
hike production when their oil can be sold at higher world-market
Former BP Plc (BP/)
CEO Tony Hayward came to Kurdistan after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil
rig explosion in the Gulf of Mexico cost him his job as BP's chief
executive -- in part because of a string of public relations fiascoes
that included his saying "I would like my life back" to a group of
reporters while touring an oil-slicked beach in Louisiana.
Rothschild to acquire a Turkish firm already operating in Kurdistan.
The firm, renamed Genel Energy Plc (GENL),
says it's poised to raise production at Taq Taq and other fields to
70,000 barrels a day this year from 44,000 in 2013. On May 8, Hayward
was named chairman of Glencore Xstrata Plc (GLEN), the mining company that is also one of the world's biggest crude traders.
'Frontier Types'Since 2011, four big oil companies -- Chevron Corp., Exxon Mobil Corp., Hess Corp. and Total SA (FP)
-- have followed 30 or so smaller players into Iraqi Kurdistan and
signed exploration deals. Hayward, whose career straddles oil majors and
minors, says the pattern is a familiar one.
"There are lots of
entrants early on, the real frontier types," Hayward says in his London
office. "Then the big guys arrive, and there's consolidation. If you're a
little guy, you have to get there early."
The oil boom is
transforming a part of Iraq that ethnic Kurds throughout the South
Caucasus and Middle East consider their homeland. Unlike Kurdish
enclaves in Iran, Turkey, Syria and Armenia, Iraqi Kurdistan is self-ruled, having gained autonomous status in a 1970 agreement with the central government in Baghdad.
Changing RelationsThough
it defers to the government on most external affairs such as treaties
and membership in international organizations, the KRG has its own
parliament, issues its own visas and has its own army, the Peshmerga,
meaning "those who confront death" in Kurdish.
Oil is also
changing relations between Iraqi Kurdistan and the central government in
Baghdad. They've been tense for decades -- never more so than in the
closing days of the war with Iran, when Hussein's forces launched a
chemical attack on the Kurdish city of Halabja, killing as many as 5,000
people in retaliation for collusion between Kurdish and Iranian
In 1991, at the end of the first Gulf War, the U.S.
and its allies established a safe haven in Iraqi Kurdistan enforced by a
no-fly zone. While the no-fly zone effectively created a buffer between
the Kurds and their masters in Baghdad, accelerating economic
development in the north, the north-south dispute over oil carried on.
State Oil Marketing Organization maintains that it has exclusive rights
to the sale of Iraqi Kurdistan's oil, whether it flows through the new
pipeline or through pipelines outside of Iraqi Kurdistan.
Unanswered QuestionsIn
December, the KRG agreed to work with the central government in Baghdad
in determining how to distribute revenue from Kurdistan oil exports,
though a lot of questions remain unanswered, according to Sanford C.
Bernstein & Co. in a note published on April 29.
"The resource base is too big for a solution not to be found," analysts led by Hong Kong–based Neil Beveridge wrote.
new pipeline, fully in KRG territory, should make it easier for
Kurdistan to overcome central government resistance and get its oil to
market, says Gareth Stansfield, a senior associate at the Royal United Services Institute, a London-based research organization.
the Kurds are able to pump the amounts of oil they're promising, then
this is a fundamental geopolitical game changer," Stansfield says. "It
gives the Kurds economic independence from Baghdad."
'Wasting Time'Many
Iraqi Kurds want more than that: Almost 60 percent of those surveyed
supported statehood in a 2012 poll by the Kurdistan Institute for
Political Issues.
"We're wasting our time trying to deal with
Baghdad," says Davan Yahya Khalil, a Kurdish writer who grew up in an
internment camp when Hussein was in power. "It's better to call for
independence today."
Iraq ranks fifth in the world in proven oil
reserves -- 150 billion barrels, according to the BP Statistical Review
of World Energy 2013. The KRG says Kurdistan alone -- comprising less
than a 10th of Iraqi territory -- holds 45 billion barrels. If the
autonomous region were a country, its reserves would rank it 10th in the
world, after Libya, according to BP.
While oil production has
soared in the north, slower output in the war-torn south has kept
Iraq-wide production low: Only in recent months has output reached 1979
levels of 3.62 million barrels a day, according to OPEC.
Complex BureaucracyThe
hassles of dealing with Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki's Baghdad
government compound sluggish production in the south, says Paolo
Scaroni, CEO of Eni SpA, Italy's biggest oil company. Eni is one of several large companies, including BP and Royal Dutch Shell Plc (RDSA), operating in the south.
"We're suffering from a lot of complex bureaucracy," Scaroni says.
had planned to invest $7 billion this year in developing its oil
business in the south; it will end up spending only $3 billion, he says.
In the north, it's a different story. Genel has been shipping
crude to Turkey by truck, with 700 tankers rolling out of its Taq Taq
field every day. With the new pipeline expected to be fully up and
running later this year, the company says it's poised to take advantage
of the new transportation capability by increasing production.
KRG's Ministry of Natural Resources says its goal is to transport
300,000 barrels a day by the end of the year via the pipeline, shifting a
sizable portion of exports away from tanker transport, not to mention
pipelines controlled by the government in Baghdad.
'Safe, Secure'Hayward,
who visited southern Iraq as the head of BP from 2007 to 2010, says he
was impressed by the contrast between Erbil and Baghdad when he first
traveled to the north in 2011.
"The thing that really struck me
was the amount of development that was taking place," Hayward says of
Erbil. "It felt safe, secure and prosperous."
Oil is also helping to change the relationship between Turkey and Iraqi Kurdistan.
in the 1980s, the Kurdistan Workers' Party, known by its Kurdish
acronym, PKK, began an armed struggle against the Turkish government.
Turkey was wary of Iraqi Kurdistan as a staging area for PKK
paramilitaries seeking to establish an independent Kurdish nation in and
around northern Iraq.
Genocidal AttacksIn 2003,
Turkey, though a NATO member, refused to allow U.S. troops to invade
Iraq from the north through Turkish territory partly out of concern the
invasion would, in toppling Hussein and a regime that had oppressed the
Kurds, promote Kurdish independence movements. The PKK and the Turkish
government agreed to a cease-fire in March 2013, easing tensions.
"Turkey's been a big help," Gulf Keystone's Kozel says. "All our drilling rigs come through there."
Kurds -- fearing their enemies, distrustful of neighboring governments,
victims of Hussein's genocidal attacks -- are used to doing whatever
they can to determine their destiny, Hayward says.
"It's clear
as the Kurds get more and more production and infrastructure, they're
just going to do their own thing," he says. "As they like to say, 'We
have no friends but the mountains.'"
Kurdistan has made Kozel a
wealthy man. Gulf Keystone, which operates almost exclusively in Iraqi
Kurdistan, has paid him a base salary of $675,000 since 2008, with
varying bonuses. By 2011, his total compensation had soared to $22.2
million, according to company reports.
'Biggest Risk'Relaxing
in the Divan's piano bar on a February evening, Kozel, who started his
first oil company when he was 21, reflects on how far he and Gulf
Keystone have come.
"Our biggest risk when we entered here in
2006 was logistics," he says. "We imported literally every single thing
we needed -- equipment, people, products."
He says it wasn't a gamble everybody was willing to take.
"I guess I was just a bit less risk averse than most," he says.
same could be said for other investors who came early to this corner of
Iraq -- and whose bets on Kurdistan are also paying off.
To contact the reporter on this story: Brian Swint in London at firstname.lastname@example.com
To contact the editors responsible for this story: Stryker McGuire at firstname.lastname@example.com Jonathan Neumann
Tony Hayward Gets His Life Back as Kurdish Pipeline Opens - Bloomberg
May 20, 2014
Physical #Silver Demand Achieves Record Level in 2013 | The Silver Institute
(totals may not add due to rounding)
|Mine Production
|Net Government Sales
|Net Hedging Supply
|Total Supply
|Coins & Bars
|Industrial Fabrication
|…of which Electrical & Electronics
|…of which Brazing Alloys & Solders
|… of which Photography
|… of which Other Industrial
|Physical Demand
|Physical Surplus/Deficit
|ETF Inventory Build
|Exchange Inventory Build
|Net Balance
See the whole report online here: Total Physical Silver Demand Achieves Record Level in 2013 | The Silver Institute
The MasterMetals Blog


text:
Most of Tuesday was spent on a visit to Eurostar HQ in Ashford, Kent. Ironically, I had to drive, as going by train from East Anglia to Ashford by train would have taken over twice as long, as by car. I went there to give presentations to the team who work in the Eurostar Frequent Traveller department, as the Frequent Travellers are to be given the option of using their points to support World Land Trust projects.
I have never had such an enthusiastic reception from a group of corporate supporters -- a total of around 25 staff, and all seemed really enthused by our work, and keen to promote us as best they could. I really look forward to working with them all, and I know that they will all be signing up to our newsletters, news feeds etc. to ensure they're up to speed with our work in case their customers ask. And of course, Eurostar and rail travel in general are very natural partners for an environmentally aware traveller.
Exciting news for me was that soon it will be easy to make a highspeed connection from England to Amsterdam via Brussels. Since we work closely with Netherlands Committee for IUCN, this is good news for both organisations.


text:
UFC 100 Preview: Dana White Predicts over a Million PPV BuysJuly 11, 2009
The controversial Ultimate Fight prexy was, as always, quite confident, and public interest in this weekend's UFC 100 seems to back his bravado up.
Darren: Last time we talked, you said business was up 20 percent in the first quarter. The tickets sold out (to UFC 100) before it hit the general public. What's your confidence as to the number of pay-per-view buys?
White: Well, not only did we sell out in an hour and a half before we had a public sale, but we've sold out closed circuit at the Mandalay Bay and we've opened up another one over at the MGM now for closed circuit. All of our polling right now is showing we're going to do well over a million buys for this fight.
Darren: We know you scored nice blue chip sponsors -- Bud Light, Harley-Davidson, Burger King -- We saw a report that UFC was going to charge sponsors $100,000 every six months to sponsor UFC fighters. Is this legit and if it is what is this about?
White: We have this sport right now where guys, fighters, can actually get different sponsors. I have the ability to tell them no. So rather than tell these guys no because we have a sponsor that would be the same, we're working this thing out where guys (companies) end up just paying us a certain percentage and then they can sponsor whoever they want.
Darren: The last champion that everyone was introduced to was Chuck Liddell -– I think it was UFC 71 –- when he hit mainstream, all over the place, and then he lost. Your current champ is Brock Lesner, fighting tomorrow. He came from the WWE, and he's a huge part of UFC right now. How important is it for Lesnar to win tomorrow for the UFC?
White: That was one of the things that I was really worried in the beginning when I first started with this thing. Chuck Liddell was really our only big, legitimate star in the beginning. We have so many stars now from Brock to George St. Pierre to Forrest Griffin, I could go on for ten minutes telling you about huge pay-per-view stars that we have. We fixed that and built the business and created a lot of stars here on the UFC.
Darren: Unlike many sports, you still have a great growth story to tell. I know you've been pushing out that you think that UFC is going to be bigger than soccer in 10 to 15 years in worldwide popularity. What's your greatest fear in the business?
White: Well, I can tell you right now, for this coming event Saturday, we're going to be in 75 different countries in 17 different languages. We'll have it on free TV down in Mexico. Over 300 million people can watch this even this weekend. My biggest fear is time. As fast as this thing is growing, we don't have – there isn't enough time in the day. You have to sleep. Other businesses have to shut down and go to sleep at night. If it wasn't for, you know, time, we would grow a lot faster.
Exclusive backstage photos from the UFC 100 weigh-ins, including pictures of Frank Mir's blackened eye being examined by the doctor; Brock Lesnar not hiding his desire to leave and eat something (or someone); Quinton Jackson getting on his Rampage; and the UFC President himself, Dana White are available HERE.


text:
Republican Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli on Thursday accused Democrat Terry McAuliffe of being a union hack while McAuliffe assailed Cuccinelli as an extreme cultural warrior.
Just another day in the Virginia governor race.
Cuccinelli and McAuliffe fielded questions from business leaders during a Northern Virginia Technology Council forum. And while both shared plans for how they would help grow Virginia's booming tech industry, they found plenty of opportunities to take shots at each other.
McAuliffe parlayed a question on economic incentives for businesses into an attack on Cuccinelli's past statements on gay rights. Cuccinelli, in turn, responded to a question about social issues by taking a jab at McAuliffe's decision to locate his electric car business, GreenTech Automotive, in Mississippi rather than Virginia.
And the race, already a slugfest, has barely begun in earnest.
Cuccinelli and McAuliffe shared the forum stage together for just 10 minutes during opening statements, then individually fielded questions from a panel and the audience.
Northern Virginia business leaders, who lobbied hard this year for a transportation funding fix, twice asked Cuccinelli if he would undo Gov. Bob McDonnell's signature legislative achievement — a $6 billion tax hike needed to improve the region's crumbling, congested roads. Cuccinelli, who denounced the deal as a "massive tax increase," reassured his audience that he would not try to repeal the law and pledged to be a better stewart of the road funds than McAufliffe.
"Do you want 'Union Terry' spending this money, or 'Frugal Ken?'" asked Cuccinelli.
From the very start, McAuliffe hammered Cuccinelli for opposing the transportation fix and promised to focus as governor on bipartisan solutions just like it.
The former Democratic National Committee chairman warned that Cuccinelli's legal battles against a University of Virginia professor's global warming research would hurt the state's ability to attract top professors. Cuccinelli's vocal opposition to abortion and gay rights also would discourage businesses from relocating to the state.
"You're not going to lure these cyber [businesses] if you're putting walls up around Virginia," McAuliffe said. "We need to stop the attack on gay Virginians."
Cuccinelli said his conservative views won't influence business decisions.
"I don't think the [social issue] concerns you raised have reached the level where it's blocking businesses from coming here," he said.
Between punches, the candidates offered similar promises to use the state's colleges as incubators for businesses and the community college system to train workers, all while boosting resources for math and the science classes.
But while McAuliffe repeatedly compared his governing style to the current Republican administration, Cuccinelli, the GOP nominee, often veered away from McDonnell.
Aside from Cuccinelli and McDonnell's disagreement over transportation funding, Cuccinelli promised to provide fewer taxpayer-funded development grants than McDonnell and said the state should shift more control of roadways to local governments.
He said state leaders have focused too much on Virginia's stature atop the rankings for business friendliness.
"It isn't enough to be the best place to do business," Cuccinelli said. "My goal is to make it foolish to leave."


text:
Technology has no doubt come a long way over the years and continues to advance rapidly. Of course, it is far from perfect and there are a number of things that can go wrong with any given household appliance or gadget. There are some very impressive televisions on the market these days. Vizio, for example, offers an array of LCD, LED, and plasma models in all sizes. Any of these common Vizio TV problems may arise at any time throughout the life of the set.
Perhaps the most common complaint regarding Vizio TVs is the appearance of a blank black screen even when the set is switched on and the indicator light is glowing. The screen may still light up in some instances, but in either case the screen remains blank. This issue is usually corrected by replacing the power board, but there are several other things that could be the culprit, like the backlight converter, the T-con board, or even just a faulty screen itself. If a repair shop does not have all of the LCD TV parts that could possibly be causing the problem readily available, they may need to order them all in order to single out the guilty part, which can get rather pricey.
Faulty remotes are another common issue. This is one of the much easier and inexpensive Vizio TV problems to fix. Usually this is due to a bad IR sensor or a loose wire and the parts can generally be found online for less than 20 bucks. If the cause is unknown, just replacing the remote altogether is also fairly easy and of course less expensive than dealing with a problem with the TV itself.
Commonly reported Vizio TV problems also include sound-related issues. This may be a matter of faulty speakers or disconnected wires, which are both easily remedied. If it is an issue with the main unit, then it will be a little more difficult and expensive to fix.
There are many shops offering LCD TV repair services. Purchasing an extended warranty is usually advised to cover the cost of potential expensive repairs and replacements but you will need to rely on your judgment on whether the price of the extended warranty will truly be worth it (most of them are quite pricey).


text:
Hands-Only CPR - FREE
by Jive Media Inc, Version: 1.2 , 6103 KB Official Site
Package name: me.jive.aha.handsonly , Last Update: 2012-10-07 14:57:12
142 ratings (4.225 average)
50,000-250,000 downloads
Hands-Only CPR from the American Heart Association:
If you see an adult suddenly collapse, you should perform Hands-Only CPR:
1) Call 911.
2) Push hard and fast in the center of the chest.
This application will teach you how to perform Hands-Only CPR through video instruction.
Last comments from Android Market
Doug (*)
Many have been a great program if the video worked!!!
Michael (*****)
Great application for a lay person. May just save a life. A nicer, more URGENT, logo would be preferred. Perhaps red heart w/CPR in blk w/white bkgnd
Cory (*****)
This is a great app. As a CPR instructor and paramedic this is the new wave and is saving lives. Get the app. Check out CPR across America.
ChristieLee (***)
The American Heart Assoc site teaches it this way now. Its a good app. And fyi, if u don't try, they're definitely gonna b dead. So try it already!
Christina (***)
Good idea, but could use a little work in future updates. For now, I'll just call 911 until I take a real course for this.
Cindy (*)
Lol! Omg! Seriously! Just call 911 your going to help kill the patient with these instructions! Smh!
Jocelyn (*)
Hard and fast in the center of chest. Really!? This is misinforming. Call 911 was the only smart instruction in here.
Admiral70 (*****)
Highly recommend to save a life. Thank you
timothy (*****)
Nice to have
Jacob (*)
This is dumb


text:
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MCIL Multimedia Sdn.Bhd.(515740-D)


text:
Crain's Chicago Business is reporting: Illinois Power Agency director Arlene Juracek has given notice that she intends to step down from her position as acting head of the state office charged with buying electricity on behalf of utility customers in Illinois. Juracek, 62, said she is leaving in order to run for mayor of northwest suburban Mount Prospect.
Get the full story at chicagobusiness.com


text:
Welcome to our growing collection of ESL games and activities for adult English learners as well as all the necessary printables.
When teaching English as a second language to adult learners, games and fun activities can be just as important as when teaching younger age groups.These fun adult-oriented ESL games and activities will help you to build class cohesion, raise energy levels and most importantly, provide a framework that motivates learners to produce the target language.
Warm-up activities
This section contains games and activities which can be used as warmers or fillers. Get your students loosened up before moving on to more challenging tasks. Posts include the big list of no preparation warm-ups and pass the bomb.
Grammar focused ESL games
These games are designed to get students to repeat targeted grammar structures. Posts include fortune telling, comparing adjectives and stand up if you've ever..., as well as classic ESL games and activities like, find someone who, jeopardy and alibi.
Vocabulary focused ESL games
Here you can find games and activities which review and extend the learner's vocabulary. Posts include the A to Z game, the recipe game and number bingo as well as some old favourites such as Kim's game, the categories game and taboo.
Pronunciation activities
This section contains a growing selection of ESL activities to help students with their pronunciation including word match for practising minimal pairs, pit pat putt and word mazes.
Conversation questions
This page contains sets of printable conversation cards based on more than 50 ESL topics. These discussion questions are designed to initiate lively debate and deepen the students' knowledge of each other. A collection of 50 topics with additional learning activities is available as a PDF eBook and an A4 paperback book.
Speaking activities
A range of ESL speaking activities that encourage free speaking, including surveys, interviews, and discussion activities.
Tech & Apps
More and more classrooms are equipped with Smartboards or laptops and projectors, and the students are often equipped with smartphones and tablets. This is an area dedicated to activities which require technology of some kind. Including grammar photo sets and our ESL Apps page with apps like 500 Conversation Questions, What Happened Next? and Fortune Telling. You can also find the Short News Article Finder here.


text: Boasting a central location in Aveiro, the Veneza Hotel offers discerning visitors 3 star accommodation in the Portugal's Centro - Beiras region. This 3 star Aveiro, Portugal hotel is only moments away of the train station and the Congress Centre. Ideally housed in an elegant Art Nouveau mansion, the Veneza Hotel is a wonderful choice for a memorable stay. Guests staying at The Veneza Hotel will have easy access to Aveiro City Centre and if you don't mind a drive you can reach lots of pristine beaches and the neighbouring cities so you can easily use The Veneza Hotel as a base for discovering Aveiro, known as the Venice of Portugal, and the surrounding area characterized by beaches, lagoons, valleys and mountains.


text:
Miles is renowned throughout the world
for his
vast knowledge of all Lotus products and to this day
cars Ltd treat him as an extension of the factory. He
written 3 books, numerous magazine articles and to
date he and
his cars have appeared in 76 magazines around the
world, BBC's
top gear, ITV and the discovery channel. Apart from
being a
dealer FS now remanufactures parts for Lotus cars.


text:
Inspired by the principles of Malcolm X / Malik El-Hajj Shabazz. A 'Third Worldist' perspective focusing on the increasing pace of south-south co-operation which is challenging and defeating neo-colonial hegemony, and the struggles of those oppressed by neo-colonialism and white supremacy (racism) who fight for their social, political and cultural freedom 'by any means necessary'
Saturday, 17 June 2017
The mass turn against the tories at the elections and the #Grenfell tragedy has done much to wash away what passes as identity politics ('#IDpols), its brought Black and Brown migrant working class communities together while the identity politics crowd would be policing peoples blackness and ethnicities, driving their ridiculous colonial wedges and divisions between all communities and within increasingly narrowly defined communities. Some IDpolitics when it is not based on colonial oppression olympics is useful and necessary, but what we have coming out of large swathes of what is the left is ideologies of very nasty middle / upper class or aspiring to be middle class selfish and greedy and usually hyper careerist or/and hyper divisive people who play out they internalised hate and insecurities on other oppressed communities.
The elections had many problematics, migrants especially east European and new African, Asian and 'latin' American migrants were invisibilised, however people gathered and galvanised together against a common enemy; Grenfell much more than the elections shows Black & Brown poorer peoples uniting together for their common interests and against common enemies.
When people relatively move politically, they tend to push against enemy divide and rule ideologies of which identity politics is a very effective one, and that's what we have seen. Important to continue to develop that into a real internationalist outlook that breaks out of our London-centricism/England-centricisn/British-centrism (be it so called 'Black British', 'British Asian' and other colonial sell-out labels) and Eurocentrism and Westcentrism.
Posted by Sukant Chandan at 15:21
Labels: Black Power, London, racism, workers struggle
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A novelty and toy store called Ta-da! will open its second Capital Region location this summer at the former Frame of Mind store at Stuyvesant Plaza.
Ta-da! offers quirky gifts, specialty toys, odd books, and non-traditional games for children and adults. As many as 4 new employees will be hired for the new store.
Many people come to Ta-da! simply for the experience, according to co-owner Michael Richman. The store offers something special for shoppers with a wide variety of interests, he said. In addition to standard novelty items and gag gifts, the store also sells wacky books, party and drinking games, zombies, office decor, and strange board games.
The store is also the second venture into Stuyvesant Plaza for the Richman family. Michael's father, Barry, owns the gift and accessory store Pearl Grant Richmans, which opened under a different name when the plaza first opened in 1959. Pearl Grant Richmans is the only remaining original store at Stuyvesant Plaza.
The new store will be 800 square feet and will resemble the design of the Ta-da! operation in Clifton Park. The store is in addition to several other new businesses at Stuyvesant Plaza this year, including The Meat House and Mr. Fuji Japanese Cuisine.


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What does ITL mean in Currencies?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand ITL in the Regional field in general and in the Currencies terminology in particular.
Italian Lira
Find a translation for ITL in other languages:
Select another language:
What does ITL mean?
- lira, Italian lira(noun)
- formerly the basic unit of money in Italy; equal to 100 centesimi
Discuss this ITL abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"ITL." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2018. Web. 20 Feb. 2018. <https://www.abbreviations.com/term/84>.


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Tuesday, 29 September 2009
With Powerful Healthy Ingredients in Every Delicious Cup!
Fairfield, CT, September 29, 2009 – Bigelow® Tea is introducing an exciting line of innovative herbal teas to the market. These products are formulated with healthy herbs and nutrients such as Probiotics, Omega 3, and vitamins. Bigelow has created a truly unique, flavorful line of teas that now add additional health benefits to each cup. The introduction of these teas combines the delicious taste experience that Bigelow is known for "plus" revolutionary nutritional benefits for hot beverage products.
The new line of four delicious and unique flavors include Pomegranate Blueberry Herb Plus, Cranberry & Ginseng Herb Plus, Wild Blueberry Acai Herb Plus and Lemon Ginger Herb Plus.
"We created this new product line to be naturally flavorful and delicious, while providing important health benefits," says Cindi Bigelow, President of Bigelow Tea. "Our research and development team was brilliant in selecting ingredients that are rich in flavor and nutritional properties. We know there has been much recent interest in the health benefits of green and black teas, but we felt it important to also include the awareness about the value of herbal teas. Herbal teas have been used for centuries to help improve overall health. To make them ever more powerful and to appeal to a more health conscious consumer, we've included additional important nutrients to our new Herb Plus line."
Lemon Ginger Herb Plus aids the digestion with a soothing and enjoyable combination of lemon and ginger. The blend is fortified with the Probiotic GanedenBC30® to help support a healthy digestive system. Probiotics are live, beneficial microorganisms that are important in maintaining a balance of healthy vs. harmful bacteria in the digestive tract. In its search for the ideal Probiotic, Bigelow chose GanedenBC30 (pronounced "Gone Eiden, B-C-30") because unlike traditional probiotics, GanedenBC30 is able to withstand the heat needed to brew tea and survive harsh stomach acids to reach the intestines – the goal for any Probiotic. With its blended flavors of lemon and ginger, both known for their digestive properties, we've added lemon grass, lemon verbena, lemon peel, rosehips and a hint of cinnamon to make Lemon Ginger Herb Plus tea a simple, delicious way to enjoy better digestive health.
Pomegranate Blueberry Herb Plus supports heart health. It is a delectable way to get a dose of heart healthy Omega 3 DHA and the antioxidant benefits of Vitamin C. Bigelow's talented development staff added these nutrients to a berry rich blend of blueberry, pomegranate and sweet blackberry leaves, combined with Rooibos, wolfberry (Goji) leaves and hibiscus.
Cranberry & Ginseng Herb Plus supports a healthy memory with a tantalizing, tangy blend of herbs that combines Choline and a combination of B Vitamins. Choline is important in brain development and is a required nutrient in infant formulas in the U.S. Choline also has a synergistic effect when added to B Vitamins. Cranberry has wonderful antioxidant properties and ginseng is an age-old herb which is believed to help to reduce stress, improve memory and help support better physical performance.
Wild Blueberry Acai Herb Plus is a delicious, healthy drink filled with nutrients that can help the immune system. Vitamins A and C add antioxidant value to a hearty blend of wild blueberry, hibiscus, rosehips and grape seed extract. With a subtle cinnamon note added to the flavor profile, this tea is as refreshing as it is good for you.
These products are considered food under FDA guidelines. They are not dietary supplements. While they contain important nutrients and support a healthy lifestyle, they are not designed to treat, cure or prevent any disease. This line of Herb Plus teas is completely caffeine free, with low or no caloric content.
Now, consumers have four more reasons to enjoy Bigelow Tea!
About Bigelow Tea Company
The 100 % family owned Fairfield, CT based Bigelow Tea pioneered the specialty tea category more than 60 years ago. Bigelow takes pride in its heritage and successful growth from a one-product, entrepreneurial venture into America's leading specialty Tea Company. The Bigelow Tea line includes more than 80 varieties of flavored, traditional, green, organic , herbal, decaffeinated teas and iced teas– including America's number one specialty tea flavor, "Constant Comment®".
In 2003, the company purchased and restored the Charleston Tea Plantation. Based on Wadmalaw Island just south of Charleston, South Carolina, the only tea plantation in America cultivates several hundred thousand tea bushes that are descendants of bushes brought from China during the 1800's. The Charleston Tea Plantation has become a "must see" destination for tea lovers and tourists alike who visit the area from around the world and appreciate information and education about tea in addition to enjoying American Classic Tea and products which are produced from the tea grown on the premises
Bigelow Tea products are available nationwide including grocery stores, super centers, mass merchandisers and health stores. Every variety can be found on the company website, (www.bigelowtea.com), along with an appealing selection of tea chests, tea accessories and other gift items. Tea lovers and enthusiasts will also enjoy interesting and entertaining related stories and facts by visiting the company's blog (http://www.bigelowteablog.com).


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AUSTIN (KXAN) — Austin police are looking for suspects responsible for two carjackings this month.
The first incident happened March 7 on Grove Street in front of Austin Community College's Riverside Campus.
Police say a student was sitting in their car when two men with handguns tapped on the window and told the student to get out of the car.
The student complied, and police say the men drove off. The car police are looking for in that instance is a blue 2005 Toyota Solara with a tan convertible top.
ACC sent out a notice to students like Nelson Singh who parks right off the campus everyday.
"It's a school, there's police patrolling, I didn't think it would happen here ever," said ACC student Nelson Singh. "I'm actually thinking about going and buying a ticket in the parking lot now that actually got me worried."
St. Edwards University officials alerted their students about a similar carjacking that happened a couple miles away from campus.
The second carjacking happened on Saturday in the 2200 block of Mission Hill Drive. Police say a situation similar to the first incident unfolded.
Police managed to get a hold of the car in the second instance, but they're unsure whether the two cases are connected.
Austin Police are warning everyone to stay alert and park in well lit areas.
"If you can, exit the area in your vehicle, get out of there," said APD officer Veneza Bremner. "If you can't then draw as much attention to yourself as you can by sounding your horn or flashing your lights if you're in the dark."
But Police say to remember, your property is never worth losing your life over. APD says finding that Toyota stolen from the ACC student could help them link the two crimes.
Police say the carjackers were also seen driving a tan four-door sedan, similar to a Honda Civic.
The suspects are described as two Hispanic males or light skinned African American males in their late teens or early twenties around 5'9″.
If you have any information you are told to contact Austin Police.


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It's a sonic screwdriver.
It's a sonic screwdriver.
Show me the money!
Leave those kids alone!
Hey! I'm not luggage!
Allllllrightyyyyyyy thennnnnnnn!
Screw you guys, I'm going home!
You... you're good, you.
Would you consider a bear tank?
Absolutely. Feel free to contact me in game if you wish to speak further before applying: Killstrike#1614
With a whole lotta love!
Killstrike gives great hugs!
This one controls how hot the sun is...
Damnit kacks!
You weren't really into flavor extracts, were you?
You mean you can't just go super saiyen 4?
Go, Magikarp!
mmmm bacon
to the top!


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Used Auto Parts in Dallas Tx
People in Dallas, Texas who are looking for used parts for their automobile now have a new resource they can use. AutoProUSA.com. This website not only simplifies shopping for used replacement parts, it saves consumers money as well. The process is simple. The consumer visits AutoProUSA.com, lists the parts they want and parts brokers from all over the country compete against each other to offer the best parts at the lowest price. It's a victory for everyone involved. The consumer gets the needed used parts at a great price and the parts dealers get to sell their products to new customers.
It's a process whose time has come. This is the age of the internet. People shouldn't be forced to ride all over town or make untold numbers of phone calls trying to find used parts. With AutoProUSA.com the consumer doesn't even have to leave their home or make a single phone call. They simply list the parts they want on the website and the second-hand parts salespeople contact them. This represents very effective use of the internet to get the used automotive parts you need. Instead of burning up gas driving all over Dallas, with the click of a mouse you can get exactly what you need.
Time is one resource people cannot afford to waste. Using AutoProUSA.com can save consumers lots of time. The purchasing process is quick and safe. The customer inputs their request and before they know it they have several offers from which to choose. In less time than it would have taken them to drive to two salvage yards to look for parts they will have the exact parts they need at prices they can afford. It is the perfect way to save two precious resources: Time and money. There is no need to delay. Go online and check out AutoProUSA.com today. You will be glad you did.
Finding used parts can be challenging. People are sometimes forced to drive all over Dallas to find a junkyard with parts they need. Tey might have to visit Pick-N-Pull,
Twin Lakes Auto, Action Auto Recycling, Roy Miller Auto Salvage and Atomic Auto Parts before they find the right parts. But Dallas residents now have another option when they need used car parts. No need to search all over greater Dallas. There is now a used parts locator that has done the leg work for them. AutoProUSA.com.


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Hey guys.
I'm trying to solve an exercise, and the solution is proberbly simpler than what I'm trying to do.
We are given
The curve is given by the parametrization
where and both have continous differentials and
Then I have shown that
and .
For the part of the excercise I'm having issues with, we are given
Now I need to find the domain of , and show that is the potential function of .
I understand that the domain is , but can I write it in a prettier way?
I'm getting a hint, that I should convert to polar coordinates as soon as possible, because the calculations will be easier. But I cant really figure out how to solve the excercise. Anyone have some hints? Especially on how, when and why I'm supposed to convert to polar coordinates.
Thanks a million.


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Comparison of Top 4 Electric Pressure Cookers
With Christmas coming, one of the top small kitchen appliances will surely be on many gift lists. With so many different brands and features available, the search for the perfect electric pressure cooker could be daunting. Well, get yourself a fresh beverage and take a look at the comparisons that I've done for you. I hope that this will help you to choose the best electric pressure cooker for you, or someone you love!
And now….. the ratings, based upon the 10 most recent reviews on Amazon as of this posting date.
The Instapot DUO 060 7 in 1 Multicooker received 6 five star ratings, 1 four star rating, 2 three star ratings and 1 one star rating. Positive comments included that users love the saute feature, love the delay and slow cooker feature, and that it worked perfectly every time. Some negative comments about this unit were that users need to experiment to get the timing right, that it takes longer than other brands to come to pressure, and that it can be complicated to use. Despite this, the Instapot DUO 060 remains the #1 best seller on Amazon in Small Kitchen Appliances.
The Cuisinart CPC 600 received 6 five star ratings and 4 one star ratings. Positive comments included that it is easy to use, easy to clean, and convenient to use. Some negative comments were that it did not build pressure, it burned the food, and that it worked fine in the beginning but then slowly stopped working.
The Power Pressure Cooker XL earned 6 five star ratings, 1 four star rating, and 3 one star ratings. Positive comments were that it is simple to use, it is used almost everyday, and that there is no mess, making it easy to clean. Some negative comments were that the pressure valve fell out when cleaning, the owner's manual was unclear, and the pressure valve failed.
Finally, the Elite Platinum EPC 808 BL earned 9 five stars and 1 one star. Positive comments included that it had a good user manual, was easy to use, and you could set it and forget it. Some negative comments were that it did not work, that the company wouldn't replace the unit, and that the company would only respond online.
No matter which unit you decide is best for you, one thing will become absolutely true. You will LOVE your new appliance and just like me, you will probably wonder how you ever lived without it! Click here to see WHY I LOVE MINE SO MUCH!


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Merrill and Ring Timberlands
Merrill & Ring owns and manages timberland
in the Pacific Northwest, British Columbia and
New Zealand.
Timber Marketing and Exports
We trade logs within the Pacific Northwest and around the Pacific Rim.
Sustainability and Forest Practices
All of our operations are conducted to meet
or exceed forest practice regulations.


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| Welcome
(Dr. Heichel)
| Welcome
|The Morrow Plots
| Field
| Tent
| Credits
& Thanks
The Morrow Plots, which are located in the heart of the Urbana-Champaign campus of the University of Illinois, are the oldest continuous agricultural research fields in the United States. Established in 1876, they are predated only by the Rothamsted Field in England, which was started in 1843. The site was designated a National Historical Landmark by the Federal Government on Sept. 12, 1968.
A 1992 view of the Morrow Plots, showing oats, corn and soybeans.
During the dedication ceremony held in 1968, Professor M. B. Russell, then director of the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station, noted that "it is of interest to observe that the Morrow Plots were established in 1876, the centennial year of one of the greatest proclamations of free men of all time, the Declaration of Independence." He emphasized that "it is now clear that the lesson of the Morrow Plots represents a new kind of declaration of independence—not of political independence but independence from one of the fears that man has had since the dawn of time, the fear of hunger."
David D. Henry, then U of I President, said that "this historic marker to be placed here is a reflection of the flowering of a magnificent concept upon which universities have been built and which today lies at the very essence of our own survival . . . I refer to the research function of universities, which results in the advancement of knowledge. I also refer to the precept of the land-grant university movement—to carry knowledge, old and new, into the field, the home, the office, and the community."
Unlike most historic landmarks, the Morrow Plots remain today a working research site that promises to enhance our knowledge far into the future. Located in the heart of campus, the site reminds all visitors of the timeless truth of former U of I President Andrew Sloan Draper's soil and her strength lies in its intelligent development."
No one can answer the question of who actually started the Morrow Plots. The impetus most likely came from agricultural chemist C. W. Silver, who visited the Rothamsted Field while on-route to study for an advanced degree in Germany. Upon his return in 1875, he wrote of this experience in the campus newspaper. He concluded his write-up with a proposed layout for a long-term field study on corn.
At the time, considerable controversy existed about the need for fertilizer in the soil. At least one leading USDA scientist believed that the soil in the Midwest was so high in total nutrients that it would never be necessary to add fertilizer if a crop rotation could be found that would "liberate" nutrients from the soil.
Figure 1. Cyril Hopkins
(right), head of the Department of Agronomy, and James H.Pettit (left),
assistant in Soil Analysis at the Ag Experiment Station, take a soil sample from
the Morrow Plots circa 1900. This photo may have been taken on April 11,1904.
When the U of I was founded in 1868, Regent John Milton Gregory assumed responsibility for assembling the faculty. Manly Miles from Michigan State University, who was acknowledged as one of the most eminent agriculture professors in the country, was hired as Professor of Agriculture in 1875. On June 10, 1876, Miles wrote a letter to Prairie Farmer magazine describing a long-term experiment with corn that he had started. He also submitted a written proposal to Regent Gregory for experimental plots similar to those originally proposed by Professor Silver in the campus newspaper. The nature of the treatments described by Miles, however, were totally different from what is known about the early years of the Morrow Plots.
The first study at that site was known as the "Experiment 23 Rotation Study." No crop yield data from the plot were reported until 1888. The first published yields from Experiment 23 for both 1888 and 1889 appeared in the Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin for 1890. The 1888 date also coincides with the founding of the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station. The report indicated that 10 half-acre plots had been planted during the previous 14 years, that the cropping systems were maintained as originally planned, and that no manure or fertilizers had been applied. Based on that record, the starting date for the Morrow Plots has been placed in 1876.
While Professors Silver and Miles both contributed to the founding of the experiment, the plots are named for George E. Morrow, appointed as Chair of Agriculture in 1876.
Only three of the original 10 plots remain in place today. Two plots were lost for construction of the observatory in 1895 and five others were seeded back to lawn in 1903. The remaining three plots were reduced in size to 1/10th acre, subdivided, and separated by permanent borders at that time. The physical size and configuration of the three main plots has not changed since 1903.
Plot 3 has grown continuous corn since the beginning of the Morrow Plots. The two-year crop sequence study that started in 1876 continues today in plot 4, with soybeans having replaced oats in rotation with corn during 1976. Plot 5 was planted in a three-year rotation of corn, oats with alfalfa seeding, and a forage crop of alfalfa hay starting in 1904.
Over the years, the main plots have been further subdivided as selected practices have been updated to reflect changes in agronomic practices on Illinois farm fields. The first fertility treatment was added to the plots in 1904, in response to declines in crop yields that had occurred in all rotational sequences.
Before the start of the growing season that year, each of the main rotation plots were divided into four 1/20th-acre subplots. The north half of each plot remained untreated, while the southern halves were treated with agricultural limestone, manure, and either rock phosphate or bone phosphate. Crop yields increased in the southern halves of all plots in response to liming and fertilization.
In keeping with practices of the day, underground tiles were added to provide supplemental soil drainage. The soil on the Morrow Plots is classified as Flanagan silt loam. This nearly level, dark-colored soil developed over loam glacial till under prairie vegetation and has somewhat poor natural drainage without added tiles.
By 1955, nearly all growers in the state were using fertilizers as part of their normal planting practices. Concerns were raised at that time about whether unfertilized soil had been permanently damaged. As a result, the north and south plots were divided into quarters, with one subplot treated as agronomists would recommend that Illinois growers treat their fields. The crop yields immediately jumped to the same rate as most high-yielding fields in the state.
Beginning in the 1960s, corn plant populations were also changed each year to take full advantage of the fertility levels in the various subplots. Another major adjustment occurred in 1967 with a shift in plot 4 from a corn-and-oats rotation to a corn-and-soybean rotation. This rotation better reflected the change in farming practices taking place across the state of Illinois during that period.
Corn was the leading crop in Illinois at the time the Morrow Plots were started. Today, the corn crop planted in the state has increased to more than 12 million acres and information on how to maintain high yields in corn is more important than ever for Illinois corn producers. Growing concerns about the impact of fertilizer use on the environment have also become a major focus of attention in recent years. Once again, the Morrow Plots are uniquely placed to help answer pressing concerns.
The long-term studies underway at the Morrow Plots on the impact of both fertilizer treatment and crop rotation on corn yield have proved particularly instructive in helping to shape agricultural practices. Comparison of corn yields in the Morrow Plots in relation to the crop sequence is possible only every six years, when all the plots are planted with corn. The most recent available data come from 1997.
In that year, continuous corn that had never been fertilized yielded only 54 bushels per acre. The two-year sequence of corn and soybean that had never been fertilized yielded 94 bushels per acre, and the three-year sequence of corn, oats, and hay reached 110 bushels per acre. The subplots treated with the "recommended" soil test level of fertilizer since 1955 jumped to 151 bushels per acre in continuous corn, to 191 bushels per acre in the two-year sequence, and to 200 bushels per acre in the three-year sequence. Yields were consistently the lowest in continuous corn and the highest in the three-year sequence, whether or not the soil was fertilized.
The results from crop sequence and fertilization are even more dramatic when compared with the average corn yield in the state over time. In the first few years of the experiment, the corn yield in the unfertilized subplots ranked close to the average yield in the state. Since then, the corn yield in those plots has remained well below the statewide average.
On the plots that were treated with fertilizer starting in 1904, corn yields increased steadily through the 1970s. By 1978, the yields were approximately three times those of 1904 in all three cropping systems. On the other plots that received "recommended" levels of fertilizer starting in 1955, the yields almost immediately rose above the Illinois average and have remained so until today. Evidence accumulated since also indicates that larger differences in corn yield are caused by the soil treatments than by the cropping sequence.
During the last 30 years, yields have held fairly constant in all except the plots receiving both the manure and lime treatments and the recommended nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus treatment. Weather patterns of the region may have contributed to these trends. Wet spring weather and cool temperatures in the 1990s reversed a trend toward earlier planting that began in the 1940s. Since 1967, yield has increased during years with warm spring weather and cool moist summers.
Taken together, this data from the Morrow Plots represents more than 100 years of accumulated knowledge on the effect of both sound and unsound crop management practices on corn yield. Most importantly, it has helped to establish the importance of crop rotation and fertilizer treatments in the modern agricultural system that has allowed us to so successfully feed an ever-increasing world population.
Figure 2. A glass jar of soil from the Morrow Plots that was given to college donors in 1994.
Besides crop yield, the other major item of interest for the Morrow Plots is the changing level of soil organic matter in relation to the cropping sequence and fertilizer application. In dark-colored soils, such as Flanagan silt loam, cropping reduces soil organic matter. Organic matter, which is derived from plant and, to a lesser extent, animal residues, is composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and trace amounts of minerals.
Unfortunately, there are no archival soil or chemical data showing the conditions that existed when the study started in 1876. The earliest surviving soil samples, which date from 1904, were stored in glass jars. The study had already been underway for 28 years by the time these samples were taken.
The grass borders, however, may well approximate the original soil organic matter content of the plots. Values range from 5.5 percent organic matter on the west border to 6.5 percent on the east border. With an assumed starting level of about 6.0 percent organic matter, the soil in the continuous corn plot had dropped to 4.1 percent by 1904. The two-year rotation of corn and oats measured about 4.5 percent organic matter, and the three-year sequence of corn, oats, and hay was measured at about 5.9 percent, indicating a differential drop in organic matter related to the crop sequence.
Soil samples have been collected at least at 10-year intervals since 1904. Soil organic matter contents have been consistently higher in plots under the corn, oats, and hay sequence than in soils under the other two cropping systems. In plots where no fertilizer has been applied, the organic matter content first declined rapidly and then continued to decline at a slower rate under all cropping systems.
Organic matter level losses have generally occurred more slowly in south plots treated with manure. The only plots that no longer appear to be losing organic matter are the two- and three-year rotation plots that are treated with both the manure and inorganic fertilizer. Those trends in organic matter are difficult to assess statistically because none of the fertilizer treatments is replicated within the main rotation treatment and organic matter levels are known to vary within the experimental area.
A comparison of selected soil test data for 1997 and archival samples from 1913 show an overall decline in soil test phosphorus level, which is probably due to crop removal. A slight corresponding increase in soil pH and soil potassium levels has probably resulted from weathering.
Results from the Morrow Plots clearly demonstrate the positive relationship between crop yield response and soil organic matter levels. The composition or characteristics of organic matter may contribute more to soil quality than the quantity of organic material in the soil. In the Morrow Plots, the size and metabolic function of the microbial communities, as well as the amount and composition of particulate organic matter and of amino sugars, has been influenced by the crop rotation and fertility treatments. Ongoing investigations may succeed in relating some of these characteristics to specific aspects of soil performance
The need to protect this invaluable source of data stretching back more than 120 years has been well recognized over the years. The Undergraduate Library, which is located directly to the west of the plots, was built underground so as not to disturb the physical setting of the plots. In 2000, the efforts of Ted Peck, then professor of soil fertility, resulted in the considerable modification of plans for a nearby facility so as to minimize the impact on the Morrow Plots.
Despite its world renown, the Morrow Plots has operated without a designated director and has been open to all faculty within what today is the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences. Over the years, it has been closely associated with a long list of eminent researchers from the College. To them and to C. W. Silver, Manley Miles, and George E. Morrow, the agricultural community owes a debt of gratitude for making possible the many lessons that have been learned from the Morrow Plots. Future generations will benefit from these lessons and hopefully from new, updated, and improved long-term experiments that the Morrow Plots have inspired.
Back to Agronomy Day 2001 Index
|Department of Crop Sciences
College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences
University of Illinois Extension
© 2001 University of Illinois
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