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Series: Net Security
The Mac OS has long had been a very secure Internet platform... but is that still true?
Article 1 of 6 in series
Don't Panic - Be Informed about Net Security
Like many Mac users, I've been busy this last week installing Apple's Open Transport Tuner 1.0. This patch blocks a potential denial of service attack that can be launched from Macintosh systems running Mac OS 9 and certain CPU configurations running Mac OS 8.6 - see Geoff Duncan's piece in this issue for details on the vulnerability and Apple's fix. John Copeland, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology, identified this potential attack after detecting a port scan on his home networkShow full article
Like many Mac users, I've been busy this last week installing Apple's Open Transport Tuner 1.0. This patch blocks a potential denial of service attack that can be launched from Macintosh systems running Mac OS 9 and certain CPU configurations running Mac OS 8.6 - see Geoff Duncan's piece in this issue for details on the vulnerability and Apple's fix.
<http://asu.info.apple.com/swupdates.nsf/artnum/ n11559>
John Copeland, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology, identified this potential attack after detecting a port scan on his home network. Credit should go to Mr. Copeland for discovering this vulnerability, but how this information was disseminated and the Macintosh community's response to it have left something to be desired.
<http://www.csc.gatech.edu/~copeland/macattack/ index.htm>
Heads in the Sand -- Many of us in the Macintosh community have become smug about network security, and with good reason. For years, Macs have been the most secure platform for deployment of Internet servers, and have proven repeatedly they are almost invulnerable to network attacks or cracking. Although the Macintosh is still the most secure platform for Internet use, we can neither blithely ignore security issues nor overreact when security issues are identified. In this instance, the confusion was spread by Macintosh news and information services and mixed with a good helping of paranoia regarding Y2K cyber-terrorism. This incident highlights that we as a community don't know how to deal with network security issues, simply because we've rarely had to deal with them before.
Looking to other communities can be instructive for us, and show us how the rest of the computing world has been dealing with their network security issues for years.
Stay Informed & Prepared -- The CERT Coordination Center at Carnegie Mellon University is the global clearinghouse for network security alerts, advisories, and guidance. The CERT team updates their Web site each time a vulnerability is identified, and they rank the level of vulnerability along with providing links to patches. They also run an announcement mailing list so you don't have to check their Web site every day.
There are also hundreds of books available that discuss network security. Books published by O'Reilly and Associates are generally of a high caliber. Nearly all of these titles are concerned with the Unix and Windows worlds, but many principles are generally applicable to any platform.
The BugTraq mailing list is also helpful if you're interested in detailed technical analysis of current computer security issues for any platform.
<http://www.securityfocus.com/forums/bugtraq/ faq.html>
Another good information resource is the System Administration, Networking, and Security (SANS) Institute. This group runs regular security workshops nationwide and has a Web site full of useful information. Much of their information is geared towards Unix administrators, but that leads me to my next point.
Mac OS X Server and the forthcoming Mac OS X have BSD Unix at their cores. This means once Mac OS X ships and is installed on our Macs, we will be running Unix workstations on our desktops - and we will potentially be just as vulnerable as any other Unix workstation. Although this doesn't mean you will need to become a Unix system administrator to operate your Macintosh, it does mean you should keep yourself informed of network security topics and respond to issues and alerts in a timely fashion.
Handle Problems Responsibly -- For years the Unix community has been dealing with these issues by following some simple steps:
- As issues are identified by end users, programmers, or security professionals, they are reported to CERT and appropriate software vendors
- CERT issues an advisory or alert, and the vendor releases a patch
- Affected users apply the patch, and life goes on
Note that nowhere in this list appear the words panic, fret, worry, or hide. If you're one of the "lucky" people to identify a network security issue, you should:
- Contact CERT
- Contact the vendor(s) of the vulnerable product(s) involved
- Help them to identify and develop a patch
Also note that this list doesn't include tasks like alerting the media, publicly speculating on possible ways of exploiting the problem, or suggesting what end users should do. Advising end users and providing accurate information is the job of CERT and the vendors, and they've been doing it for years.
Evaluate Reports Critically -- Not everyone is a networking expert, and the level of detail available from resources like CERT can be overwhelming. It's not necessary for everyday computer users to follow the technical minutia of network security problems, but folks should know these resources exist so they're better able to evaluate problem reports as they arise. When a new network security problem is reported, consider whether the problem report seems responsible and credible to you, whether the problem has been reproduced by trusted third parties, and whether CERT and software vendors have been informed or issued statements. The Internet can spread misinformation and unfounded speculation as rapidly as it can disseminate critical news and software updates - it's always better to make an informed decision than let haste and trepidation get the better of you. In the immortal words of Douglas Adams (a diehard Mac user), Don't Panic!
[Chris Kilbourn is President of digital.forest, Inc., a Mac-focused
network service provider specializing in FileMaker Pro database web
hosting, server colocation, QuickTime Streaming, and other Internet
business services.]
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Article 2 of 6 in series
U.S. Army Moves to Mac OS-based WebSTAR
It's about time someone realized what we in the Mac Internet community have been saying for years. Even better, that someone is the U.S. Army. Here's the storyShow full article
It's about time someone realized what we in the Mac Internet community have been saying for years. Even better, that someone is the U.S. Army. Here's the story. It seems that on 28-Jun-99, an intruder gained illegal access to the home page of the U.S. Army and modified its contents. Organizations like the Army hate that, and on 30-Aug-99, FBI agents arrested a 19-year-old Wisconsin man for "malicious altering to a U.S. Army Web page" in connection with the incident.
<http://www.dtic.mil/armylink/news/Sep1999/ a19990901hacker.html>
The compelling aspect of this story is that as a result of the break-in, the U.S. Army has switched the machines that serve the Army's home page from Windows NT-based PCs to Power Macintosh G3s running WebSTAR from StarNine Technologies. Christopher Unger, Web site administrator for the Army Home Page, didn't reveal the specifics of what was done to the page, how it was done, or what the Army planned to do to prevent further intrusions, but he did say that the Army had "moved its Web sites to a more secure platform," basing the choice of the Mac OS over Windows NT on information from the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium). Using Netcraft's "What's that site running?" utility, I was able to verify that the Army's main Web server is now running WebSTAR 4.0 on the Mac OS. However, other less-obvious Army Web servers linked from the main Army home page generally run either Netscape Enterprise on Solaris or Microsoft IIS on Windows NT.
<http://www.netcraft.com/whats/? host=www.army.mil>
There's no telling if the Army will move its secondary servers to the Mac OS to prevent them from being cracked as well, but the W3C does compliment the security of the Mac OS in its WWW Security FAQ, saying "The safest Web site is a bare-bones Macintosh running a bare-bones Web server." In information specific to WebSTAR, the W3C notes:
"As far as the security of the WebSTAR server itself goes, there is reason to think that WebSTAR is more secure than its Unix and Windows counterparts. Because the Macintosh does not have a command shell, and because it does not allow remote logins, it is reasonable to expect that the Mac is inherently more secure than the other platforms. In fact this expectation has been borne out so far: no specific security problems are known in either WebSTAR or its shareware ancestor MacHTTP."
This logic also applies to other Web servers for the Mac OS, such as Quid Pro Quo, AppleShare IP's built-in Web server, NetPresenz, and even Personal Web Sharing.
Old News -- Of course, this information isn't news to the Macintosh Internet community, where the security of the Mac OS and Macintosh Web servers has long been known. In "Macintosh Web Security Challenge Results" in TidBITS-317, Chris Kilbourn outlined the approaches used by would-be-crackers looking to take home a $10,000 prize. Then, in "The Crack A Mac Story" in TidBITS-378, Joakim Jardenberg and Christine Pamp talked about the success of the first Crack A Mac challenge. Geoff Duncan look at the motivations behind a glut of subsequent Mac OS security challenges in "The Mac Security Challenge Fad" in TidBITS-385. And finally, we reported briefly on the successful cracking of the second Crack A Mac challenge, a far more complex setup that was compromised via a long-since patched security hole (See "Cracked!" in TidBITS-393).
What's also old news is Apple's lack of support for the Mac OS as an operating system suitable for use with Internet servers. Since the Apple Internet Server Solution bundles disappeared years ago, Apple has barely acknowledged the reality of running Internet servers on the Mac OS, despite the many happy Mac users relying on Mac OS-based Internet servers. Even now, servers from Apple run Mac OS X Server, which is essentially Unix. There's nothing wrong with Unix-based Internet servers, and for very high-volume sites, they're essential. Even the performance arguments brought up against Macintosh Web servers are essentially moot now, with WebSTAR and Tenon Intersystems' WebTen providing far more performance than most Web sites require. For the vast majority of Web sites, email servers, and FTP servers, the Mac OS and commonly available Mac OS software provide a familiar, easy-to-use solution without the fuss or security issues of Unix or Windows NT.
Looking forward, it's almost inconceivable that Apple would once again put forth the Mac OS as a serious Internet server platform. Companies seldom recant a technical stance, and more important, with Mac OS X in the works, Apple doesn't want to do anything that will reduce Mac OS X's impact. But it remains to be seen how secure Mac OS X will be when exposed to the Internet's crackers. With the power and flexibility of Unix at its base, Mac OS X will certainly be attractive to many classes of users - let's hope that crackers aren't among them.
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Article 3 of 6 in series
by Geoff Duncan
Cracked! To the surprise of the Macintosh Internet community, the second-generation Crack-A-Mac Web server security challenge noted in TidBITS-387 was successfully defeated last weekShow full article
Cracked! To the surprise of the Macintosh Internet community, the second-generation Crack-A-Mac Web server security challenge noted in TidBITS-387 was successfully defeated last week. Unlike the first Crack-A-Mac challenge (which featured an out-of-the-box Mac Web server; see TidBITS-378), the second contest was built around a sophisticated server setup featuring third-party software for remote administration, database access, and other functions. Apparently, the successful break-in exploited a security hole in Lasso, a CGI from Blue World Communications that ties together WebSTAR and FileMaker Pro. Blue World has issued a security patch for Lasso; in addition, Pacific Coast has updated its SiteEdit products to address similar potential problems. The Crack-A-Mac challenge is up and running again, and still offering 100,000 Swedish crowns (about $12,500 U.S.) to anyone else who can break in by 15-Oct-97. [GD]
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Article 4 of 6 in series
The Mac Security Challenge Fad
by Geoff Duncan
Computer security - or, rather, computer data security - is not a new idea. For as long as sensitive information has been stored on punch cards, tapes, and disks, money has been changing hands to make sure that information cannot be accessed without permissionShow full article
Computer security - or, rather, computer data security - is not a new idea. For as long as sensitive information has been stored on punch cards, tapes, and disks, money has been changing hands to make sure that information cannot be accessed without permission. Until recently, security tests were often expensive, contracted, protracted affairs conducted by professionals and consulting firms; however, the breakneck growth of the Internet has given rise to something new: public data security challenges. These events usually offer substantial cash prizes and are open to anyone with a machine and a net connection.
Public challenges usually have goals like demonstrating a technology, promoting products or services, and generating media coverage. TidBITS has covered two Mac-specific security challenges (see TidBITS-317 and TidBITS-378); these challenges helped establish the Mac OS as a secure and robust Web server platform, and gave Apple, the Mac, software developers, and the contest sponsors some good press when no one claimed the contests' prizes. However, current public Macintosh security challenges seem more concerned with marketing than security, which does little to further test the limits of Macintosh security.
Apple Europe -- The two previous Macintosh security challenges were conducted by private organizations; now, Apple Europe has thrown its hat in the ring, offering a brand-new 240 MHz PowerBook 3400 to anyone who alters the contents of a specific Web page hosted on a standard Apple Workgroup Server 9650 running Mac OS 7.6 and WebSTAR 2.0.
It's nice to see Apple using new methods to promote the Mac OS as an Internet server platform, but this contest is only about promotion. On a technical level, this challenge imitates the Crack-A-Mac challenge conducted by Infinit Information AB in Sweden this spring - and its public face is a little rougher around the edges. For instance, the contest runs from 04-Jun-97 to 31-Jul-97, but you won't find that information on the challenge server or in the challenge rules: you need a press release or article to uncover the contest dates and a few other pertinent details. Of course, you must read around mellifluous statements about Apple's "complete confidence" in the server - small wonder, given that the prize money in Infinit's contest went unclaimed just a few weeks earlier. There has also been some criticism of the contest prize: prices for 240 MHz PowerBook 3400s start around $5500, so it could be argued there's less financial incentive to break into this server than there was in previous Mac security challenges. That might be true, but perhaps it's more important that winning a PowerBook 3400 appeals to a smaller set of the server-cracking population than cold, hard cash. After all, few Windows or Unix loyalists will spend time trying to win a Macintosh.
<http://www.euro.apple.com/newdocs/pressreleases /pr-HackAMac.html>
VanHacking -- Cash is not a problem for the VanHacking Challenge being hosted by VirTech Communications in Vancouver, British Columbia from 01-Jun-97 to 15-Jul-97. They're offering $10,000 Canadian (about $7,200 U.S.) to anyone who can do two things:
Break into a protected Web page to find encrypted credit card information and a special phrase.
Decrypt the credit card information and alter the wording of the special phrase on the protected Web page.
The VanHacking server is a Power Mac 7200/120 running System 7.5.3, Timbuktu Pro 3.0.2, WebSTAR 1.3.2, and the challenge page is protected with WebSTAR's Realms capability (so you'll be prompted for a password if you try to access it with a Web browser).
On the face of it, the VanHacking Challenge is a new variation on the "alter a Web page" contest, and - by including an encrypted credit card number - the contest confronts the issue of secure electronic commerce on the Internet. VirTech's press release (and Apple's recent promotion of the contest on its corporate home page) plays up this factor: VirTech says it wants to refute the idea "plaguing the media today" that Internet commerce is unsafe and insecure.
Unfortunately, the VanHacking Challenge is aimed squarely at mainstream media and has little to do with electronic commerce. First, although earlier Macintosh Web server challenges have not directly tested WebSTAR's Realms capability, it certainly played a factor in protecting Infinit's server from attacks on WebSTAR 2.0's remote administration features. And even if the Web page were unprotected, that cracker still has to figure out how to alter the contents of the contest page, which Infinit's and ComVista's contests essentially proved can't be done for $10,000.
Then there's the matter of the encrypted credit card information. According to the VanHacking contest rules, the credit card information is encrypted using PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), a strong public key encryption program developed by Phil Zimmerman and available for a variety of platforms.
There are essentially three ways to access encrypted data: decrypt the data computationally, find a copy of the unencrypted data, or somehow obtain the appropriate key or pass phrase to decrypt the information.
Despite (occasionally paranoid) speculation that PGP may have been cracked by the U.S. government, it's highly improbable that someone will win the VanHacking contest by computationally decrypting the PGP data. Obtaining PGP keys by brute force is currently impractical, and to date there is no public evidence of weakness in PGP algorithms that would assist would-be decrypters. To put it bluntly, finding a method to quickly and reliably crack PGP-encrypted data is potentially worth tens of millions of dollars; it proves nothing if the VanHacking prize money goes unclaimed because PGP wasn't broken.
It might be possible to find an unencrypted copy of the VanHacking credit card number: there have been instances where pass phrases or unencrypted copies of encrypted information have been found in RAM, unused disk sectors, virtual memory, or temporary files. However, since it's been repeatedly demonstrated that the Mac OS is secure from most Internet attacks, it's unlikely someone on the Internet will be able to examine these areas of the contest server or other VirTech machines.
Logistically, it's easier for me to walk into the offices of VirTech Communications in Vancouver (or set up decent surveillance) than it is for me to break into its Web server. If I'm clever, I could pretend I'm a journalist and perhaps get someone to tell me what I want to know. If I'm willing to snoop, there's probably a copy of the credit card number (or a clue as to where I could find it), a PGP pass phrase, a Timbuktu Pro password, or a sensitive email message or memo to be found. If I'm willing to break some laws - which isn't an obstacle for parties interested in credit card fraud - I'm sure I could be more persuasive. VirTech has thought of this angle ("breaking into VirTech's office building will also disqualify the participant"), and while they don't mention fraud, extortion, or impersonating a law enforcement officer, the spirit of the rules is clear. Sure, these tactics sound like the stuff of corporate espionage and spy thrillers - and frankly a $10,000 prize doesn't merit this sort of effort - but when millions of dollars hang in the balance, these things can happen.
The Agony of Self-Defeat -- Are public security challenges pointless? Of course not! These contests demonstrate the integrity and value of the Mac OS and some of the excellent products available for the platform. I think that's significant.
Nevertheless, it's important to look at the objectives behind each event to separate technical merit from mouse-thumping partisanship. Challenges that merely repeat previous efforts speak more to the motivations of the contest organizers than the validity of the challenge. Similarly, contests that require circumventing technologies like PGP or Java security don't necessarily say anything more about the Macintosh than a book says about its shelf.
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Article 5 of 6 in series
The Crack A Mac Story
by Joakim Jardenberg and Christine Pamp
[Back in TidBITS-375, we noted the success of the "Crack A Mac" challenge held in Sweden for two months last February to April. The contest offered prize money - eventually more than $13,000 U.SShow full article
[Back in TidBITS-375, we noted the success of the "Crack A Mac" challenge held in Sweden for two months last February to April. The contest offered prize money - eventually more than $13,000 U.S. - to anybody who could alter the contents of a Web page served by a standard Macintosh-based Web server. Here's the story of the contest and the server setup, plus some of the break-in attempts and hoaxes the contest team encountered. -Geoff]
What We Did and Why -- To prepare for the Crack A Mac contest, we simply unpacked a standard Power Macintosh 8500/150 from its box. Then we installed WebSTAR 2.0 (the popular Macintosh Web server from StarNine), upgraded to Open Transport 1.1.2, connected the machine to the Internet, and put some Web pages on it. We didn't do anything special with the server - it wasn't behind a firewall, and we didn't make any other security arrangements. The entire setup took less than 30 minutes.
We publicized the challenge and Hacke (the name of our server) via the Web and email, and information about the contest was carried by many diverse venues, including Ric Ford's MacInTouch, MacWEEK, Wired, TidBITS (of course), along with several Swedish publications, the Wall Street Journal, and the New York Times. The contest reward was initially 10,000 Swedish kronor (about $1,350 U.S.), but during the challenge we were able to increase the amount of prize money a couple of times, thanks to nine Swedish Apple resellers. In the end, the contest reward was 100,000 kronor, or approximately $13,500 U.S.
Why did we do it? We wanted to prove there is an alternative to large and expensive Unix- and Windows NT-based solutions for secure World Wide Web services - a solution that doesn't require hundreds of hours to set up or need a separate firewall. We were not trying to prove a Mac OS-based solution is right for everyone, but we are saying it is exactly the right solution for many of us. We wanted to prove the Macintosh is an off-the-shelf system that allows safe, secure, and reliable presence on the Internet within 30 minutes. Since no one was able to claim the prize money, I think we proved our point.
For more detailed information on the contest, rules, and frequent questions and answers that came up during the contest, check out Hacke itself.
The Best Attempts -- In the early stages of the challenge, visitors were trying to exploit more or less known security issues under Unix. We also tracked news coverage on Windows NT security flaws by increased attempts to hack into our server using those flaws; each time a new article appeared about a security problem with Windows NT or NT-based server software, it was followed by a new set of attacks on our server. Many crackers seem to believe Windows NT and Mac OS have something in common. Needless to say, Hacke didn't respond at all to these attacks.
Would-be crackers also spent a lot of effort on trying to guess the password to pi_admin, an administration identity under WebSTAR 2.0 that enables webmasters to handle some core functions remotely. There were more than 220,000 attempts to guess the username and the password, but to the best of our knowledge, none were successful. However, even if someone had guessed the password, they would not have been able to change the content of the server; it simply wasn't possible through pi_admin using the set of WebSTAR plug-ins we had installed.
When guessing at the pi_admin password grew stale, crackers tried to break in to the machine providing our DNS service, with the goal of moving Hacke to another IP number, and then changing the content of the server. [DNS, or Domain Name Service, translates between IP numbers and the more-friendly names of Internet machines. -Geoff] But since our DNS service (provided via Men&Mice's QuickDNS Pro) is also running on a Mac, these attempts were destined to fail. The success rate was not any better for contestants that tried to get into Hacke via our mail server; it was running under Mac OS as well, so there was no Unix sendmail program to try to exploit.
Tired of all the Mac servers, would-be crackers tried to find something in our network that was not Mac-based. The only thing they found were the routers. Fortunately, the routers were secured, but breaking into them could have been a problem, since it could have taken part or all of our network off the Internet entirely. The question is, would that have counted as a hack that was eligible for the prize money? Successfully attacking a router would have merely revealed a security hole in our ISP's connection, and the idea of the challenge was to alter the contents of a Web page. In the end, I suppose it would have depended on the results of a successful router attack, but none were successful.
The most interesting attempts occurred near the end of the competition when people realized they needed a different solution. The best attack was pure social-engineering.
It started when <email@example.com> received an email message apparently sent by <firstname.lastname@example.com>. The message requested Christine put new text on the front page of Hacke because "I don't have the time to do it myself." We would probably have seen through this ruse anyhow, but it was even more apparent because the letter was written in English, and we normally communicate with each other in Swedish.
The next perpetrator was a Norwegian who claimed he had broken Hacke but he had been thrown out before he was done. He couldn't prove that he had been there but he threatened us with lawyers if he didn't receive the prize money. He even called us and told us that he had 3,000 witnesses because he'd accomplished the feat on a big screen during a conference in Norway. However, no evidence or witnesses have materialized.
On the last day of the contest, we received email from two people that seemed to be very polite and helpful. They told us that they had found some information that could be very useful for us. Their enclosures looked like documents but they were, in fact, small AppleScripts that could have changed Hacke's front page had they been launched on the server. They were easy to spot, but it was a good try! The people who wrote the scripts probably realized they would not be successful, since in the middle of the code we found "Rats! No $13,000 for me today."
Performance & Reliability -- It is well known that the Mac OS is currently sensitive to Ping of Death attacks, and that Open Transport and WebSTAR do not have functions to handle SYN attacks. We were largely spared the latter, and while Ping of Death attempts did not seem to knock out the server every time, Hacke was crashed three times by Ping of Death attacks. Since our idea was to conduct the challenge on an easy-to-set-up server, we did not try to defend against these attacks. Instead, we installed the widely-used shareware programs Keep It Up and AutoBoot to restart the server automatically if it crashed.
<ftp://mirror.aol.com/pub/info-mac/cfg/keep-it- up-131.hqx>
<ftp://mirror.aol.com/pub/info-mac/cfg/auto- boot-15.hqx>
[For background, Ping of Death attacks involve sending large data packets (usually over 64K) that get re-assembled by the receiving machine into a block of data larger than the original, often causing an overflow and hence a crash. The attack is usually carried out via ping, but in theory the technique can be applied to any IP datagram. A SYN attack is a denial of service attack that involves sending a flood of SYN packets (which are always used to start a TCP transaction) that contain faked source addresses. The receiving machine then spends a lot of its time and resources trying to send and receive acknowledgments to and from machines that don't exist. SYN attacks can be used to block individual TCP ports (or entire machines) from real users. Macs aren't the only machines susceptible to these attacks, but most other platforms have patched vulnerabilities to the Ping of Death, and Apple plans to do so in a future update to Open Transport. -Geoff]
Our philosophy was that crashing a Web server only to have it reboot a minute later was not as severe a problem as an attack which alters the content of a Web page. For example, it is far more serious for a firm like Telia (the Swedish telecommunications company) if their home page is altered to read "Felia" (which, in Swedish, could mean "something that is consistently done wrong") than it is for their Web site to be down temporarily.
Additionally, the Macintosh server was incredibly dependable. As noted above, it went down just three times, and in each case we were able to trace the cause to oversized ping packets. We had expected that. This reliability was also demonstrated by our other Mac servers - Web, Mail, and DNS - that were exposed to attacks and inquiries during the contest. Further, the performance of the server was never a problem. Although Hacke was often very busy (with over 50 simultaneous connections), it sent out a single "busy" message. Some challengers may have had problems connecting to the server, however, since we're located in the southern Swedish countryside and our connection to the world is only 64 Kbps. Also, users from overseas undoubtedly experienced some connectivity problems getting through to us at all.
Some Statistics -- During the competition's two months, Hacke's English and Swedish entry pages logged more than 650,000 hits, and over 100,000 unique IP addresses were logged. The server sent out over 8,000 MB of data. Approximately 75 percent of Hacke's visitors came from the United States, 20 percent from Sweden, and the remainder were spread throughout the world. Many companies and organizations expressed interest - we logged several visitors from IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Cray, Digital, SGI, Novell, Boeing, AT&T, and Netscape. In addition, NASA and the U.S. military were frequent guests.
The Next Step -- Hacke will not disappear. We plan to announce future contests using more sophisticated setups, to address common criticisms of the Macintosh as a Web server platform (including handling several domains, remote administration, high levels of interactivity, access to databases, and so forth). We need to contact sponsors, define a stable and interesting concept, and ensure all criticisms about inadequate features or capabilities are addressed. We also need to do our real jobs: we haven't earned a single krona for the time we spent on the Crack A Mac competition. It should also be noted the Crack A Mac challenge was in no way affiliated with Apple Computer. We just feel we have a vision that should make it possible for more organizations to take the leap toward the Internet.
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Article 6 of 6 in series
Macintosh Web Security Challenge Results
In the beginning, the concept was simple: pay $10,000 to anyone who could bypass the security on a Macintosh Web server using only off-the-shelf software to protect the system (see TidBITS-303)Show full article
In the beginning, the concept was simple: pay $10,000 to anyone who could bypass the security on a Macintosh Web server using only off-the-shelf software to protect the system (see TidBITS-303). From 15-Oct-95 to 31-Nov-95, digital.forest, ComVista Internet Solutions, Westwind Computing, Maxum Software, StarNine, and WebEdge Technologies sponsored the $10,000 Macintosh Web Security Challenge. Anyone who could break through the security on a designated server and retrieve the protected information would receive $10,000. The goal was to raise awareness of the fact Macintosh servers make the most secure platform for World Wide Web servers.
The Plan -- Our original plan was to protect a single page on the Web server so only one person would have access to it. After some consideration, we decided to make the challenge even more enticing by allowing users to see the page and only protect one line on the page. The only software used was StarNine's WebSTAR (the Web server) and NetCloak (a CGI application from Maxum Development). Security was provided in two ways. We used WebSTAR's Realms capability to require a username and password of anyone viewing the secure page, and we employed the filtering capability of NetCloak to hide the secure line on the page from anyone who did not provide both the proper password and come from the proper IP address. The server was available at challenge.comvista.com (it is no longer on the Web) and Henry Norr of MacWEEK was enrolled as the "authorized user" with access to the secure page. Henry logged in during the Challenge to verify that the page was, in fact, available to the proper user while still denying all others.
Challengers were given a username and password to access the page, as well as Henry's username (just to get them started), the IP address of the server, information about our AppleTalk and IP network, and a listing of the software available on the server. Occasionally, we received requests for additional information about the setup and, with the exception of the password and IP address, we answered them. The only restrictions on claiming the prize were that we had to receive notice within two days of the end of the Challenge and the winner had to explain how the feat was accomplished.
Designing the Network -- digital.forest provided the Internet connection for the server and monitored the Web site at the network layer. The network configuration consisted of a burstable T-1 connection to the Internet through a Cisco 2501 router. The network hub was an Asante 24 port non-managed hub, and the Web server itself was an Apple Workgroup Server 8150 with the Apple Internet Server bundle.
When we planned the challenge, I'd hoped to experiment with various network configurations to help isolate traffic. Our original start date was 01-Oct-95, but unfortunately delay of the installation of our T-1 (read about my struggles with GTE at the URL below) did not allow time for network configuration experiments. With the new start date approaching, I settled on the rather flat network architecture of router-hub-server. The server was on the same network segment as all other computers served by our T-1. We didn't need a firewall or packet filter on the router, since all of the CPUs on the network were Macs.
<http://www.forest.net/advanced/isp/ gtesucks1.html>
Watching and Waiting -- This network configuration made traffic analysis more of a bother than I would have liked, but it wasn't impossible. Apple Computer Northwest loaned me a Quadra 630 for a monitoring station, but I rapidly discovered NetMinder Ethernet from Neon Software would not work with the 630's communication slot Ethernet card. Disappointed, I used my trusty PowerBook 165 with an Asante SCSI Ethernet adapter. I experienced a performance loss running through the SCSI adapter, but I could still track what was going on behind the scenes.
The Results -- In the 45 days the contest ran, no one broke through the security barriers and claimed the prize.
I generally ran the network packet analyzer for three to five hours a day to check for interesting packets destined for the Challenge server. I created packet filters that captured all TCP/IP network traffic in or out of the Challenge server. (Hint to Neon: drop the limit of five packet filters - it's frustrating when you want to do advanced filtering). Some things I saw were amusing, others downright hilarious.
The Mac OS is not Unix -- One of the more amusing things was that with all the information and technical specifications posted on the server itself, most people who tried to bypass the security thought the server was a Unix box! People tried to telnet and send mail to the server, looking for a process they could exploit. These types of attacks were fairly regular during the course of the challenge. I still smile when I think about how many people saw:
% telnet challenge.comvista.com telnet> Connection refused.
(A hint to crackers: there's no shell in the Mac OS to talk to, and even if we ran a mail server, you still wouldn't be able to mail yourself /etc/shadow. The Mac just doesn't work that way.)
People also tried to FTP to the server, looking to either put something on the server, or copy something from it. Again, this was a fruitless exercise as there was no FTP server on the Challenge server.
Things became more interesting, however. I noticed a fair amount of UDP (User Datagram Protocol) traffic coming from various computer science departments in universities. It appeared some enterprising students had written scripts that went up the UDP and TCP port numbers, looking for hidden processes that could be attacked. We did not run any TCP/IP processes other than the Web server on port 80, so all this did was waste bandwidth.
Another MacTCP Quirk -- There was also quite a bit of ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) redirect packet traffic on the network. As I traced them back to their source, they turned out to be from people trying to do traceroutes to the Web server. Something I was unaware of until the Challenge was that MacTCP does not respond to ICMP packets properly, making traceroutes to MacTCP hosts impossible. The packets time out at the closest gateway to the host because the Mac never responds to them. I confirmed this by running my own traceroutes to the Challenge server from a Unix host and comparing those packets with those coming from outside sources. Open Transport fixes this behavior, and it is now possible to do a traceroute to a Macintosh host that uses Open Transport.
This particular quirk of MacTCP begat an email message from a gentleman saying our challenge was unfair because he could not perform a traceroute to the server. After I pointed out that this was a failure of MacTCP and not anything I had done, he backed off. He then pointed out that it would be trivial to snoop the password to the locked page, yet for some reason he did not step forward to collect the $10,000. I wonder why?
Summary -- On the whole, I learned that network-level security on the Macintosh is really quite good. Unlike Unix, there are no TCP/IP server processes built into the Mac OS, so there is nothing to attack unless you put it there yourself. In addition, TCP/IP services on a Mac lack the low-level communications available on Unix systems, which provides additional security. If you keep mail, FTP, and Web file spaces from overlapping, there is no way to pipe data from one service to another.
One note about server design: when installing multiple TCP/IP services on a single machine, be certain there is no way to upload a file with one service and make it available to another. If a user can FTP files directly into Web server file space, that user could upload a CGI application and immediately launch it.
In sum, the Challenge did nothing to contradict our belief that if you have a Macintosh-only TCP/IP Internet-connected network, you have little to fear from outside intruders coming from the Internet. Further, if you are running a Mac Web server, there appears to be no way to compromise it from the network level. However, if you have a Unix computer within your network, you must still safeguard and protect that machine lest it become compromised and provide a close and easy platform for launching other attacks.
A Closing Warning -- Please note these results do not mean the Mac community can ignore security; on the contrary, we need to be even more on our toes for security breaches, simply because they will most likely come from an unexpected vulnerability. Most of the attacks attempted were based on known vulnerabilities in Unix systems. Once Macs become more popular as servers and make their way into larger commercial networks, crackers will have more incentive to compromise these systems.
In addition, it is not our contention that this contest proved anything about Macintosh network security, or that such a contest could replace quality testing for flaws in server software. In fact, we would not have risked our money if we had not first convinced ourselves of the security of the system.
Finally, it is possible that a cracker did bypass our security and discover the hidden phrase, but is unwilling to come forward because the information is potentially more valuable than the $10,000 reward.
[Chris Kilbourn, <email@example.com>, is President, System Administrator, and Network Janitor for digital.forest, an Internet service provider in Redmond, Washington. Jon Wiederspan, <email@example.com>, of ComVista Internet Solutions assisted in preparing this article.]
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Home >> More Random news >> This Article
Website Asks Users to Ditch Firefox Web Browser in Gay Rights Row
Published on: 31st Mar 2014
Note -- this news article is more than a year old.
The increasingly controversial choice of new CEO for the Mozilla Foundation has resulted in one major website starting to recommend that its users switch away from using the Firefox web browser.
Although Mozilla says that it "supports equality for all, including marriage equality for LGBT couples", their new CEO, Brendan Eich once made a modest donation to an organisation campaigning against gay rights in California.
The donation, of US$1,000 was made six years ago to support a Californian Law, known as Proposition 9, which sought a ban on equal marriage rights.
Since his elevation to CEO last week, half the board of directors has resigned, although that was reportedly over an unrelated matter about the decision to promote an insider as opposed to bring in a new person to head the organisation.
Now, a major online dating website, OKCupid is recommending that its users ditch the Firefox web browser. Anyone visiting the OKCupid website using Firefox gets a message noting Eich's views on marrage equality, and advising users to switch to a different web browser.
In a message on their website, they wrote that "If individuals like Mr. Eich had their way, then roughly 8% of the relationships we've worked so hard to bring about would be illegal."
Users can choose to ignore the message if they want, or click on the options provided to choose an alternative web browser.
Although the web browser is given away for free, the organisation earns a substantial income from advertising revenue whenever a user carries out a search and clicks on the adverts displayed by Google.
On the web: OKCupid

subset: commoncrawl


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Sexiest SongsCastiel Songs with the sexiest tune that is an aphrodisiac in itself.
The Top Ten
Yes. If it's sexy you want then Billie Jean is the answer.
The great thing about this song is that no matter how many different renditions there are of this song, it will always sound sexy. Every time.
Love the song.. Sexy...
I was shocked that a list made 5 years ago and containing over 120 songs didn't have this piece! You have to hear this song people, you won't be sorry. - Metal_Treasure
I's so hard 3
Very sexy, not so much classy, but definitely sexy
I love this smooth song.. love it
Havent you lots heard this song? its beautiful n its my most fav song. it should be atleast in top 10 - Luvtorres
How is this dude not more famous? He is pretty amazing. Very unique and interesting voice and an amazing songwriter. Most people remember him just from Savage Gargen, but he is even better now. Great song.V 2 Comments
The Contenders
I'm sure you're not surprise to see this song on the list. What can I say? This is the sexiest dance song ever. Hands-down. Don't believe me? Watch the video again. - Castiel
I think dis should B number one. Nuthin beats Britney's raw sexuality. And dis song displays how sexy she can B.
She is one of the most seductive femme fatales a live and the modern day Marilyn Munroe. Everyone in the world knows her name. This song came with an iconic performance with the snake, she is utterly amazing and this songs shows her clever minuplative side. THIS SONG SHOULD BE NUMBER ONEE!
This song whoo I be dancing like a stripper
Beyonce slays my heart in this...���"
Love her slow and sultry voice. Kills it in every song
This song is everything and more!
This song took sexy to a whole new level. It was made to be as sexy as possible without being vulgar. The beat and the lyrics are what makes this song so hot. Love it!
This song is seriously sexy! The song manages to sound hot and dirty without being too explicit. And the beat just makes me want to get up and dance...
So far, I agree with every song on this great list. Except, for Pokerface and My Humps. Those songs are not sexy at all. Period.
We need more songs in the world like this!V 1 Comment
Jesus, how is this not even in the top ten? - Shaday7x
This song was never meant to be sexy.
This song turns me on even when I don't have a boner that is how sexy this is. Also good for an eargasm.
How is this song not #1? Because people are brainwashed by Britney spears and Katy Perry. Should be
1. Closer - Nine Inch Nails
2. Let's get it on - Marvin Gaye - ryanrimmel
Recommended Lists
Related ListsTop Ten Sexiest Rock Songs Sexiest Katy Perry Songs Top Ten Sexiest Songs by Female Singers of All Time Top 10 Songs in French with the Sexiest Vocals Top Ten Sexiest Blues Songs
List Stats
147 listings
7 years, 138 days old
Top Remixes
2. Sexy and I Know It - Lmfao
3. Sexy Chick - David Guetta
2. Candy Shop - 50 Cent
3. Only Girl - Rihanna
2. You Can Leave Your Hat On - Joe Cocker
3. Let's Make It Baby - Bon Jovi


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In "The Road" the man and the boy think of themselves as the "good guys." In what ways are they like and unlike the "bad guys" they encounter?What do you think McCarthy is suggesting in the scenes...
In "The Road" the man and the boy think of themselves as the "good guys." In what ways are they like and unlike the "bad guys" they encounter?
What do you think McCarthy is suggesting in the scenes in which the boy begs his father to be merciful to the strangers they encounter on the road? How is the boy able to retain his compassion--to be, as one reviewer put it, "compassion incarnate"?
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Although the differences between the boy and his father and the cannibalistic and brutal men they encounter are more stark than the similarities, there are some things in common. Both groups of people are survivors, doing their best to adjust and stay alive in a harsh and unwelcoming environment where weather and resources do little to help. They both stick together, and are travelling in their separate groups, using each other to try to stay alive. They both are results of the wars that have decimated the land and people around them--granted, they are on opposite spectrums of the results of war, but, they represent what can happen to mankind in such extreme situations. They both do what they can to protect their own and to survive.
The differences are more clear--the boy and his father are not cannibals, not brutal murderers, not breeders of babies just to have meat to survive. They haven't abandoned their humanity, their decency and their respect for human lives other than their own. They haven't completely caved into animalistic instincts, they don't represent all that is evil and cruel in the world, they aren't symbolic of what went wrong with the world in the first place. They care for each other, they are decent and kind to one another, they still talk about God and keep morals and values alive in their lives. They are surivors, but not barbarians.
All of this said, the boy is the most human, hopeful, kind and unscathed human in the story. The father lets his survival instincts come above and beyond human kindness more often than the boy would like. Granted, that instinct in the father probably is wise, but the boy still has compassion. He hasn't seen life before the wars, then after; he wasn't grown enough to become bitter, hardened and disillusioned with mankind because of all of the destruction that they caused. He still retains a childlike innocence and pure love for those who suffer. He is young enough to not have the awfulness of the world that he lives in completely defeat him and his more compassionate human traits. McCarthy uses the boy as a symbol of strength and hope in mankind, that, despite all of the evil that exists in the world, if there is but one flame of goodness left, life is worth living.
I hope that these thoughts help a bit; good luck!


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4,500 years old and still standing - that's a sound real estate development
Our mission is to make learning how to properly and sustainably develop real estate an understandable and inexpensive experience for all. Our programs are designed for anyone who is interested in building a successful career in this rapidly changing and ever-challenging industry. The programs are designed to meet the needs of people employed in the public and private sectors regardless of their level of experience in the industry.
The real estate development process essentially is the same anywhere in the world. Regardless where encountered, the stages of development and the challenges involved are the same everywhere. The global economy affects the development process at local levels.
Our programs will benefit those who are interested in building careers as real estate developers, as well as those who seek a comprehensive understanding of the development process in order to better serve their developer clients and customers. This includes planners, designers, architects, lenders, builders, attorneys, accountants, marketers, engineers, public officials, students, environmentalists, and others.


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Nine retailers with the worst customer service
There are 48 comments on the WHP-TV Harrisburg story from Mar 8, 2013, titled Nine retailers with the worst customer service. In it, WHP-TV Harrisburg reports that:
Courtesy CBS MarketWatch: Customer satisfaction with retailers is at an all-time high.
Join the discussion below, or Read more at WHP-TV Harrisburg.
#1 Mar 8, 2013
Way to go, Walgreens. Keep cutting those hours and positions.
Since: Dec 12
Location hidden
#2 Mar 8, 2013
But Dis-G said the customers LOOOVE what we're doing. They love extra special attention at the checkout with half a dozen question for every customer. And eventually, they will love the non-english speaking immigrant labor that we will hire to save on labor costs.
You mean he's wrong?
Since: Jan 13
Location hidden
#3 Mar 8, 2013
LMAO!! I've had people openly tell me that they quit going into Walgreens because of the millions of things we are forced to ask them at check out. Can't say I blame them either. I want to avoid that stuff as much as possible whenever I'm shopping somewhere else. Id love to see our DM or higher ups come into the store and ask just 5 people all the crap were made to ask and see how they like it when the customers get irritated. Real easy for them to tell us to do this crap when they're not the ones doing it.
#4 Mar 8, 2013
Yup! No one likes it, and when you serve the same customers over and over, they really get sick of the same questions over and over. I am in a small town and see the same customers all the time and they're sick of 'em already.
Since: Nov 12
Location hidden
#5 Mar 8, 2013
Actually, if you go to the ASCI website, this is what you discover:
1) Walgreens score increased from last year.
2) Walgreens beat CVS.
3) Rite Aid beat Walgreens and CVS, but is near economic collapse.
4) It was rather easy for Walgreens to be in the bottom 10 because the entire survey actually surveyed a small fraction of retailers in the country.(go look and see) And, when you're up against a small pool of retailers including Macy's and Nordstroms, it's not hard to be in the bottom 10 as a drugstore.
Thanks for posting though. You did prove my point. Customer service is getting better!
Since: Jul 12
Location hidden
#6 Mar 8, 2013
How is it possible to do bad against somewhere like Macy's or Nordstroms? Yeah you can sort of spot their employees, but none of them proactively usually ask if you need help.
#7 Mar 8, 2013
Just be warm with your customers . Be real and down to earth , if they shun the card let them. Sometime I just agree with them as they complain about ANOTHER CARD . All of our days go better when the customer is happy, we try . Walgreens needs to give us more hours to do our thing the best way but looks like that is not going to happen. I would love to see when the lines back up for Photo and Cos to page to the Customers they are now open to ring them up.
Also, you can " read " and feel the vibes from the customers who do not want to chat and are on a mission to get the heck out of our store asap, ring and let them as quckly as you can .
Pharmacy waits are not as easy to fix. Humans are needed , but even when that goes way wrong for the customer , if you are warm and tell them you are sorry for their wait time it ends a little better.
#8 Mar 8, 2013
Spent a fun filled Friday night in the mall with my 13 year old. Not one person helped us in New York and Co, and Macy's wasn't any better...and Forever 21 is a total joke. I stopped expecting help along time ago.
#9 Mar 8, 2013
Last Macy's I went to was outside Chicago in Oakbrook. The service was the best I have ever had at a retailer.
#10 Mar 8, 2013
Last trip to Lowes I could see red vested people darting across the isles peaking to see if there were customers that might ask them a question. If I looked their way , they just zoomed to the next isle .
late last fall I could see a mower for $300 on the top shelf and the clerk told me to go home and order online" to the store" and they would get it down in a day or two . I just went to another home store and bought one the same day.
Our service is better than that on a bad day.
#11 Mar 8, 2013
Dillard's here is actually well staffed with helpful people. I just never end up on that side of the mall. I also forgot...Office Depot people are always on the ball. I just feel sorry for the Kmart greeters. I spent an hour servicing one today, and all I heard was "welcome to Kmart" over and over again. She told that to me twice' and handed me flyers 2 different times. I was wearing a bright yellow outfit. How many people walking into Kmart in one hour wear bright yellow and are under 45? Not many! Poor woman must repeat it in her dreams.
Since: Dec 12
Location hidden
#12 Mar 8, 2013
#1 is like saying clerks are wealthier this year due to their 20¢ raise.
#2 is like saying Butthead is smarter than Beavis
#3 =#2
#4 It's pretty sad that in that list of retailers, most were bargain discounters. Walmart has low prices. TJX and SuperValu are bargain bin marts. Safeway sucks because they have no cashiers and lines are 20 deep at times plus their prices are high. Walgreens fits right into the Safeway niche, high prices and low service. You can excuse Walmart, TJX, and SuperValu for poor service since they're bargain bins. What's the excuse for Safeway and Walgreens?
Since: Feb 13
Location hidden
#13 Mar 9, 2013
LOL! dis-g is delusional
"The Papers said I was Truant"
Since: Nov 11
Location hidden
#14 Mar 9, 2013
You learn that after a few days on Topix.
Since: Nov 12
Location hidden
#15 Mar 9, 2013
I used to live in a market with Safeway, and my wife and I thought their service was exceptional. We had to kick Giant Food and Shoppers Food to the curb.
Lowes does suck. I had to make a full time switch to Home Depot a few years ago.
OutcastEXA...what can I say? You picked the perfect user name! I hope your $150 settlement check comes soon so you can get the new Play Station! P.S.- Have you been putting the 7 cultural beliefs to use in your store?
#16 Mar 9, 2013
Walgreens Cultural beliefs are a joke. As is the 4 way test. Lmfao!!
Since: Dec 12
Location hidden
#17 Mar 9, 2013
I thought only LibTards used personal insults when they have nothing else to come back with. I suppose there are always tards no matter which way you lean.
#18 Mar 9, 2013
outcastexa... we will get the last laugh when one of two things happens. MGR's are no longer needed because of cl's and asm's, or he gets fat sitting in his office pondering his life as a Walgreens store manager. Where did he go wrong..
At some point, he will come to the realization that as a Walgreens Store Manager, you are basically a nothing in society, yet MGR's walk around like they are all important parts of a functioning society. "we make the world go round"... wrong cock smoker.. you are just getting fatter sitting in the office.
a good mgr is only as good as his EXA...
#19 Mar 9, 2013
That's why my EXA has been averaging one year per store he has been in?
Since: Nov 12
Cagayan De Oro City, Philippines
#20 Mar 10, 2013
nice thread. thanks for sharing that information. it was very informative.
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Bookmarks has not yet published a review of this book. We may do so in the future; in the meantime, please see the other review sources to the right and browse the information from Amazon.com below.
Tor Books
304 pages
Product Description

In a contemporary town in the American midwest where he has no connections, Bax, an educated man recently released from prison, is staying in a motel. He writes letters to his brother and to others, including a friend still in jail, to whom he progressively reveals the intriguing pieces of a strange and fantastic narrative. When he meets a real estate agent who tells him he is, to his utter surprise, the heir to a huge old house in town, long empty, he moves in. He is immediately confronted by an array of supernatural creatures and events, by love and danger.

His life is utterly transformed and we read on, because we must know more. We revise our opinions of him, and of others, with each letter, piecing together more of the story as we go. We learn things about magic, and another world, and about the sorcerer Mr. Black, who originally inhabited the house. And then knowing what we now know only in the end, perhaps we read it again.


text:
Twins-Red Sox Preview
Kevin Correia chalks up a good chunk of his struggles to bad luck, but he's hoping that's beginning to change following one of his best outings of the season.
He'll take the mound again Monday night against the Boston Red Sox as the Minnesota Twins seek their first four-game win streak at Fenway Park in two decades.
Correia (3-7, 5.60 ERA) has allowed fewer than three runs just three times in 13 starts, and his seven losses are tied for the second-most in the AL. He looked like a far different pitcher Tuesday, though, giving up six hits in six innings of a 4-0 win at Toronto.
"It was good because I think I threw the ball not much different than I've been throwing the ball," Correia said. "I think some balls got hit to people and saved us some runs. And that's what you need to have good results. I just think I've been semi-unlucky."
The right-hander had a rough outing against the Red Sox on May 14, giving up five runs and nine hits - including a homer to David Ortiz - over four innings of a 9-4 loss.
Minnesota's Trevor Plouffe homered in that contest, but he won't be around for this matchup after being placed on the 15-day disabled list prior to Sunday's 4-3 loss to Detroit due to a strained left oblique muscle suffered in Saturday's defeat.
Eduardo Nunez replaced Plouffe in that game, but he aggravated a right hamstring injury later and couldn't play Sunday.
"It does make it a little more interesting," manager Ron Gardenhire told the team's official website. "Continuously playing short is not good. We want to give ourselves every chance and every option."
Joe Mauer had two hits for the Twins (32-35), who have lost back-to-back games following a season high-tying three-game winning streak.
Minnesota won the final three of a four-game set in its only visit to Boston in 2013, and has an opportunity to win four in a row at Fenway for the first time since a five-game run from Sept. 25, 1993-June 15, 1994.
The Red Sox (31-38) have lost two straight at home following a seven-game win streak there, falling 3-2 in 11 innings to Cleveland on Sunday.
Dustin Pedroia went 0 for 5 and is hitting .143 over his last eight, but he enters this contest hitting .361 in his last eight against Minnesota.
''All we can do is keep going out there and keep getting guys on base and working,'' catcher A.J. Pierzynski said. ''Guys hit some balls hard. They made some good plays. There's nothing you can do.''
Boston looks to get back on track with help from Rubby De La Rosa as he looks to snap out of a personal slump.
After a stellar season debut May 31 against Tampa Bay, De La Rosa (1-2, 3.93) has given up four runs in 5 2-3 innings while losing his last two starts to Detroit on June 6 and Baltimore on Wednesday.
"I thought (Wednesday) was an important learning experience for him, the way in which he needs to use his fastball," manager John Farrell said. "Quickly the word spreads around this league on what an individual pitcher will go to."
The right-hander hasn't faced the Twins since June 29, 2011, when he allowed one run in seven innings of a 1-0 loss while with the Los Angeles Dodgers.
Boston's Stephen Drew returned Sunday after missing six games with a strained right oblique, but Xander Bogaerts was held out with flu-like symptoms. His status for this contest is unclear.


text:
RIM's shares continue to take tumbles, as rumours emerge from the Boy Genius Report that it is set to discontinue its distinctly unplayful Playbook.
The launch of RIM's tablet has been plagued with crap reviews and mystified punters, who don't recognise the ability to run Flash as any kind of life-changing selling point. RIM challenges the claims with a firm denial that it won't stop production, but then – there is often truth in silence or denial. And as a famous Nazi once said, say it three times, and it's true. RIM's somewhere at 2.9.
RIM's problem, which according to an alleged leaked internal memo, is the two headed hydra at the top which is prone to thinking it knows best and throwing public hissy fits on the BBC. The memo, if real, alleged that they continually flouted the advice of other execs.
When the PlayBook finally hit it was with an underwhelming response. Apple fanboy Walt Mossberg immediately said the product didn't make sense, but he thinks Flash is crap anyway.
It's a mystery why Adobe's entire marketing push in the UK has been centred around Flash. Who cares? The juxtaposed Queen track has done little to endear it to the public.
BGR quotes RBC Capital Markets MD Mike Abramsky as suggesting RIM may be planning to pull the plug on the Wi-Fi Playbook.
Abramsky says the Wi-Fi product could be scrapped because of a production pull back which would match stock levels with the lacklustre sales.
How long will the PlayBook last? In its current form we don't expect long. We're also curious to hear about RIM's bulk-buy business customers who pre-ordered the Playbook. The question is, how do businesses feel about their seduction into pre-orders for a thoroughly mediocre product.


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Not many people realize that todays native plants are on the cutting-edge of fashion. Were talking runway chic, brimming with refined colors, different shapes, more numerous and even larger blooms.
Native plant fashion designers (well call them breeders and perhaps nurseries) have been working hard to create improved selections of our most popular native plants by enhancing the color palette, increasing blooming capacity, making smaller, more attractive habits, and increasing disease and insect resistance in many of our favorite natives.
As much as we gardeners crave new plants, we need to ask ourselves is a purple coneflower bloom that looks like a 1950s frilly shower cap an improvement? Will this wacky shaped bloom confuse the finches and butterflies who are attracted to the cones of the coneflower? Is a black-eyed Susan (see image at left) still considered ornamental if it only has the black cone and no glowing goldenyellow petals? Sure, its new, but is it really an improvement?
Undoubtedly, there have been many selections of native plants introduced in the past that have truly been improvements over the species. Henrys Garnet Virginia sweetspire (Itea virginica 'Henry's Garnet'; see image at right), for example, was selected on the grounds of the famous Henry Foundation outside of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for its brilliant scarlet fall color. One would be hard pressed to find a native stand with such glorious fall color.
Successful examples can also be found in recent selections of switch grass (Panicum virgatum). Usually considered a roadside weed, selections of this tough and hardy native grass have made landscaping with native grasses very popular.
Switch grass selections have become popular replacements for maidenhair grass (Miscanthus sinensis) because selections of maidenhair grass have been listed as invasive in parts of the United States. Now that switch grass comes in all colors and sizes, it is being used widely throughout the U.S. in both residential and commercial settings.
Popular selections include: 'Northwind' (see image at left), chosen for its upright habit, steel blue foliage, and mauve-pink plumes; 'Cloud Nine', selected for its incredibly columnar form, bluish-green foliage, and large reddish-pink plumes; and finally, 'Dallas Blues' (see image at right), selected for its wide, steel-blue foliage, large habit (up to 7 feet tall), and enormous plumes (up to 2 feet long) that emerge steel-blue and fade to reddish-purple. Are these improvements? Absolutely. But, thats not always the case. Some selections dont look appropriate in a natural setting. Isnt that what gardening with native plants is all about? Take any of the variegated summer phlox selections (Phlox panicultata or P. maculata). None of them looks natural and some have even smaller blooms than the non-variegated selections. So, are they improved? The jury is still out on these. Are they introducing native plants to people who wouldnt normally buy natives? Absolutely!
Native plants that are bred to have more colorful foliage, larger blooms, and blooms in different colors are appetizers for people who think they dont like native plants because theyll look wild or sloppy. If consumers buy a new, fashionable, orange selection of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) and wonder why the name is purple coneflower, not even knowing this plant is native, wont they be pleasantly surprised to find the straight species blooming in a delicate shade of lavender? Purple coneflower is the perfect example of native plant fashion.
If you are attracted to these new, colorful selections, try them. Hopefully, youll get hooked and want to have all of the colors and all of the species available. Sometimes having the bold and beautiful make you really appreciate the older, simpler characteristics of the straight species.
Whats old will someday be new again
|Links back to:
Last Updated July 10, 2007 11:11 AM
URL = http://www.usna.usda.gov/Gardens/faqs/FashionableNatives.html


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Lina Sweet is a Centerfold from United States. She was born on March 30, 1993. She is listed on FreeOnes since 2009 and is currently ranked 13004th place. She currently has 25 gallery links in her own FreeOnes section.
Our records show that Lina Sweet is currently active which means she is still making movies, doing live shows and/or doing photo shoots.


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Adobe Forging Ahead with Flash for the iPhone Despite Jobs' Remarks
How GeoSign Blew $160 Million
Engadget is reporting that Adobe plans to build Flash into the iPhone with the newly released SDK, even though Steve Jobs declared less than two weeks ago that the technology wasn't ready for the device.
So what about all that fuss Jobs made about needing another version of Flash that was more capable than the mobile version but less power hungry than the desktop one? Well, I guess we're going to have to see just what Adobe comes up with. Chief Executive Shantanu Narayen is quoted as saying "We have evaluated [the software developer tools] and we think we can develop an iPhone Flash player ourselves."
Now it's Microsoft's turn to declare plans for putting Silverlight on the iPhone with the SDK, something Scott Guthrie, VP of Microsoft's Developer Platform, has suggested the company might do.


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Manufacturing Businesses For Sale in Inglewood-Finn Hill WA
Searched the DealStream database for Manufacturing Businesses For Sale in Inglewood-Finn Hill WA and found no matches. Expanded the search to nearby areas and found the following matches.
Artisan Distillery Accepting Offers #473504 posted Aug 8, 2017
- Wenatchee, Washington, United States
- Available On Request
In this idyllic and growing Central Washington agricultural town, this artisan distillery creates a variety of products which include, whiskey, moonshine, gin, vodka, grappa, ouzo and many brandies and liqueurs. These premium quality products are made by hand using locally grown fruits and grains. While...
Premium Tier 3 Producer/Processor #472616 posted Jul 25, 2017
- Seattle, Washington, United States
- $3,750,000
A Washington State cannabis company licensed as a Tier 3 Producer/Processor. The company manufactures and sells a variety of cannabis products through two established brands: a premium brand and a lower-end brand for purchased outdoor / greenhouse material and lower-grade internal products. The product...
LED Lighting Manufacturer #455067 posted Oct 2, 2016
- Port Orchard, Washington, United States
- Between $500,000 and $2,000,000
With millions invested this may be one of the best LED plays anywhere in the market today. Would consider merger, public roll-up, add-on, sale or other reasonable option. If you have the marketing, we have the products and we have been a USA manufacturer for 38 years. Solid. Structured. Ready to Grow! It...
Did you know that social networking is a great way to buy a business? Sign up now and we'll show you how.


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Former middleweight champion Jake LaMotta is dispatching one-liners now instead of punches as a part-time stand-up comic at 74.
Here's some of his material, provided by John Lang of the Scripps Howard News Service:
In the movie about his life, "Raging Bull": "I told the producer I'd like to play myself. He said, 'Nah, you're not the type.' "
On Rocky Graziano, a boyhood pal and like LaMotta a former champion: "We used to do charity exhibitions. After one of these, I come out feeling so beat up I say, 'I don't even know, is that the sun or moon up there?' Rocky says, 'I don't know, I'm not from around here.' "
On his sixth wife: "I couldn't please her. I bought her a water bed. Her side froze."
Trivia time: Which school holds the NCAA Division I record for rebounds in a basketball game?
Man overboard! Track & Field News reported in its January edition that former world-ranked shotputter Gert Weil of Chile is leaving the sport.


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ART 108 Painting IICredit Hours: 3Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in ART 107
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Student or Learner
I would like to ask about the meaning of the following sentences:
1. Lets just say the finances did not quite stretch to the sitting room.
2. Busy being waited on hand and foot by your mum I heard.
ps. Is these "the meaning" and "the following" correct?
1 I assume that it means they didn't have enough money to d something to the living-room when having other work done on the house. Maybe they decorated some other rooms.
2 The person's mother does everything for them.


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Blancmange lyrics— 4 lyrics total Lyrics → Artists: B → Blancmange lyrics
About BlancmangeBlancmange are a British synthpop band who came to prominence with a string of hits in the early to mid 1980s. Blancmange was formed in Harrow, London in 1979 by vocalist Neil Arthur (born , Darwen, Lancashire) and instrumentalist Stephen Luscombe (born , Hillingdon, Middlesex). Read more...
Blancmange lyrics
|By The Bus Stop At Woolies lyrics
|Don't Tell Me lyrics
|Game Above My Head lyrics
|I'm Having A Coffee lyrics


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Music Request System Submit your DANCE SONG requests using this free music request form. This form is designed for single requests per user. Music requests submitted online, prior to your event may take priority over requests made during the event. Music Request submissions must contain your complete First & Last name and a valid email […]
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The aural world of BAIKAL evokes a crystalline landscape full of huge and breathtaking images, guidi..
The new album of Andrew Lagowski's S.E.T.I. begins as a colossal sound wall, like a massive electric..
First released in 1996, `The Geometry of Night´ is the second album of Andrew Lagowski´s deep space ..
The follow up to the album 2145 takes us to the second year after our
protagonist awakens from deep..
In the beginning the universe was full of light. Shining bright and incredibly energetic no solid ma..
SaffronKeira is a project established in 2008 by Eugenio Caria from the island of Sardinia, Italy. W..
This release is a collection of tracks recorded during different occasions and time periods of the a..
We step into the year of 2015 with a retrospective look on an album that has since become quite scar..
Everyone in to dark ambient should already be familiar with the Seetyca project from Germany. If not..
Yet another classic slice of seetyca ambient music.1. Demiourgos 2. Aporrhoia 3. Nous
Running tim..
After the excellent 'Bleakscapes' full-length, the next chapter of Seetyca at Essentia Mundi is name..
Another great release from the master of abstract ambient - seetyca.
1. Apika 2. Neranda 3. AEdur..
It's been a pretty busy year release wise for seetyca. Here we are once again with an insight in to ..
An ambient collage of 14-years of seetyca related sounds by seetyca himself of course! Simply beauti..
Simply beautiful.
1. Nebelwald
Running time 60:52 mins.
seetyca - Nebelwald (excerpt)


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15 ways to use Pinterest with your small business marketing
Building and growing a presence on Pinterest requires you to focus on your target market. What kind of information would your audience find entertaining and valuable? Use Pinterest to showcase your business, your team, and the unique uses of your product. Show off your local community and all the things that make your small business special. Prepare a list of the top 10 things your customers love about your business and find pictures that express each of those special qualities. For more ideas, look at the Pinterest page we've created, plus the 15 ideas we share below.
Here are 15 ways you can use Pinterest with your marketing strategies.
- Highlight a user's pins of your product(s) on your company website with a note of thanks.
- Hold a contest for posting creative and different uses of your product on Pinterest. Follow Pinterest's Terms and Policies when coming up with your idea. Involve your team for a great team-building exercise.
- Use the Pin-It button to drive a link from a pin back to your website.
- Use the Pinterest board functionality to showcase uses of your product and build your brand's lifestyle. Be creative. For example, myMarketing Café is built around a coffeehouse concept to serve as a stress-reducer for small business owners when they peruse our site. On our Pinterest page, we've posted pins of some of our favorite coffeehouses.
- Engage with other users who have a commonality with your Pinterest boards and who may follow you back. For example, we might engage with coffeehouses or small businesses.
- Create boards linked to your other marketing tactics. Do you have a company blog? In your blog entries, include creative photography and pin these photos with links to your blog entry into a special board. What is the main topic of your blog? That should also be in the title of your board to show the connection.
- Create a "favorite customer" board and thank your customers. Do you have a following of loyal customers? Consider taking pictures of them in your storefront, or using your product, or with the owner of the store and create a board of thanks.
- Showcase your business culture and employees. As part of your employee recognition, you can take pictures of your fabulous team and pin them to showcase their excitement about working with your company.
- Showcase your company's "green" initiatives. Does your company go out of its way to be green? Create a green board to show how you do it and help others join in the initiative.
- Showcase your company's Corporate Social Responsibility. Do you support social initiatives locally or nationally? Create a board about the cause or causes your support and include pictures of your involvement or links to engaging stories to help drive awareness.
- Use Pinterest's user-generated functionality to allow others to pin to a board. You can create a board specifically for other users to pin to. Ideas include a customer pin board where they share favorite uses of your product, or an employee board where they share ideas or post about a favorite customer.
- Add links in the descriptions of your pins to drive users to your website.
- Use the Pinterest's video pinning functionality to bring your company to life. Videos are great to showcase customer testimonial or to highlight a special event or product.
- Use videos of past events to promote an upcoming event. Ever watch the show bloopers? Build momentum of your upcoming event by creating a montage of bloopers or guests having a great time from past event footage.
- Use Pinterest videos to create access to a celebrity at your brand or company. Take footage of a designer working on the next product, share a brief interview about what inspires the designer, share footage of the product in the making (without revealing too much, of course). This will help build momentum for your upcoming product launch. Or use this strategy after a launch to endear customers to those who make your product possible.


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Lucas Duda is showing signs of snapping out of his spring slumber going 3-for-3 with two RBIs as the Mets defeated the Astros 9-6 this afternoon at Tradition Field. Duda now has six hits in his last 15 at-bats after an agonizing start that sent him to the sidelines for a couple of days to work on his swing. It looks like those two days off did the trick.
"I feel like I'm a good hitter." Duda said. "I'm going to continue to work hard and let the chips fall where they may."
Ike Davis has shown no signs of slowing down and is batting .368 after picking up two more hits and a walk. He erased all concerns about last season's ankle injury when he took off for second base and slid in safely with a stolen base.
WHERE'S JOHAN: Johan Santana continues to make himself the big story at Mets camp and not for the right reasons. Today he was nowhere to be found on the field practicing with his teammates or in the locker room where his chair stood empty. It turns out he needs extra treatment for his arm, Terry Collins said he's day-to-day.
We also learned that Santana has been given permission to do his own thing. Collins and pitching coach Dan Warthen are going to let the lefthander dictate his own regimen and proceed at his own pace while keeping both of them in the loop regarding his progress. "You tell me when you're ready and when you're ready to get in a game," Collins told Santana.
It now appears that Santana will not make his first start of the spring next week which was supposed to be the plan according to what Collins said two days ago. It looks like everything regarding Santana has been scrapped and that they are back on square one. "We certainly would hope something next week but if it's not, it's not," Collins said.
HEFNER KEEPS ROLLING: My pre-season sleeper, Jeremy Hefner, continues to impress and tossed another three scoreless innings, allowing just one hit and walk while striking out a pair. He threw 23 of his 36 pitches for strikes. It's not even a question anymore that if Johan Santana can't start the season, Hefner will get his spot in the rotation. "He's been fantastic,": said Collins.
CENTER OF ATTRACTION: Matt den Dekker is also getting a lot of buzz in Mets camp, but for all the right reasons. The defensive whiz-kid made another jaw-dropping catch in center field this afternoon against the Astros, turning a likely double into an out. After the game, Collins said he wasn't sure that many centerfielders could have made that catch. That's like his fifth web gem in only two weeks. But like Keith Hernandez said during the broadcast, the Mets can't afford a defense-only player in that outfield. "If he don't start hitting, he's going to Triple-A."
ZACK COMING BACK: Zack Wheeler is expected to pitch in a simulated game on Sunday. The team's top pitching prospect has not pitched since being scratched on February 27 due to a mild oblique strain. Wheeler threw a bullpen session on Thursday and it looks like he's coming along.
METS NOTES: Marlon Byrd doubled and scored to lift his average to a team leading .400 and it won't be long until Collins officially announces that he's made the team… John Buck, who will start the season as the Mets everyday catcher, had two hits including an RBI double. But more importantly, he is scoring points with the Mets pitchers who all like the way he calls a game… Kirk Nieuwenhuis and Daniel Murphy are both expected back in the lineup after the weekend. Both have been dealing with nagging, but not serious injuries… The Mets will present Bill Parcells with a signed jersey on Sunday to honor him for being selected to the NFL Hall of Fame.
Okay, so while I teach John Delcos the nuances of blogging and social media, he's giving me lessons on how to do an AP Style post game report. This is my first… How'd I do? Don't be cruel… 🙂


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Silk Painting
Last Thursday, Chris and I headed out again to another estate sale. This one was right up my alley. Yes, there was a line of over 100 people, but it wasn't as competitve for specific peieces. In fact, everyone was really friendly! It was a huge three-story home, we were in the first wave of people to be let in and I headed straight upstairs. To my delight, I found a huge linen closet with some amazing vintage sheets! I just love these patterns! ;)


text: On Wed, 23 Mar 2005 13:48:08 -0800 (PST) "Jeremy C. Reed" <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: > Yes, the new Darwin support made PLIST_SRC get defined, so the > mk/bsd.pkg.mk code to set PLIST_SRC was skipped. > > This should be reverted to use the mk/bsd.pkg.mk code for this. > Because now an additional PLIST.OPSYS.MACHINE_ARCH will be skipped too. But still we have PLIST.common_i18n, so the PLIST_SRC defs cannot be removed, right?


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International board
David Clayton – Board Chairperson
David has been Chair since November 2014 and is also a former Chair of Mary's Meals UK. He was first moved to join Mary's Meals following a visit as a volunteer to Malawi in 2007 when he saw with his own eyes the impact the charity had on the children it was helping.
He is a Scottish Chartered Accountant and has over 30 years financial experience working with international organisations. He is Chief Financial Officer of Aviva Investors, the London based global asset management business of Aviva plc. He was previously Director of Group Finance at Standard Life plc in Edinburgh, and is a former PwC partner, having spent 25 years with PwC in Glasgow, Sydney and London.
Originally from Oban, Argyll, David is married with two adult sons.
Željka Markić – Board Director
Željka is a medical doctor living and working in Zagreb, Croatia – and founder and owner of a family business involved in clinical trials.
She first met our founder Magnus during the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia while volunteering for an organisation distributing donated aid. Željka was touched by the generosity of strangers and the message of solidarity that came with the internationally donated aid. With friends, she founded an affiliate Mary's Meals group in Croatia to encourage support in her home country.
Željka has a long-standing interest in human rights. Having lived in a totalitarian communist regime she believes that peace is founded on justice. She likes that Mary's Meals gives individuals opportunities to share a little of what they have to give hungry children the chance to learn and thrive.
Her favourite aspect of our work is that our school feeding programmes encourage community involvement and that whole families often sign up to help. She is married to urologist Tihomir Markić and they have four sons.
Peter Higgins – Board Director
Peter specialises in growing organisations through strategic change. He co-founded Charles Tyrwhitt Shirts, where he remains a Director, served as chairman of Cath Kidston until 2010, and is Chairman of two other retailers.
As Governor of St Paul's Boys School in London, Peter is helping to oversee the £77m school rebuilding plan and the establishment of a Bursary Fund for the less well off.
He's passionate about Mary's Meals and particularly likes that donors can have a real connection with the communities they are helping through school sponsorships and regular updates.
Peter and his family sponsor Ndirande Hill Primary School in Malawi. He cites his visit there as the best experience of his life (after getting married and the births of his four children), and even better than playing rugby at Twickenham.
His children have set up a 'Swear Box' at home to collect money for Mary's Meals. They've raised £80 already this year - most of it from Peter!
Dr Christian Stelzer – Board Director
Christian is a medical doctor with his own practice in Austria's capital city, Vienna. He is also involved in Cenacolo, an Italian retreat offering drug rehabilitation and a new start for young people.
Christian first heard about Mary's Meals during a visit to Medjugorje in Bosnia-Herzegovina in 2007 and remembers being immediately fascinated by the charity's efficient approach, and feeling a strong desire to become involved in helping hungry children.
He set about building a group of supporters, which later became Mary's Meals Austria. Christian has been a Director with Mary's Meals since 2011 and is keen for our movement to grow throughout Europe.
He is married with four children, enjoys skiing and loves music.
Ana Luisa Diez de Rivera – Laffont - Board Director
Ana is a member of the Madrid Bar Association and a board member of the IP law office of Elzaburu, SA in Madrid, Spain.
A native of Spain, she earned her JD in European Union Law from CEU San Pablo University in Madrid and an LLM in Law & Computer Science from Complutense University, as well as an LLM in Comparative Jurisprudence from New York University School of Law.
She joined Mary's Meal's USA board in 2011 and is currently serving as Board Chair and Chair of the Fundraising Committee. She also serves on other initiatives such as the board of overseers of the Hispanic Society of America and the Laffont Family Foundation.
She is married to Philippe and they live in NYC with their six children.
Mark McGreevy – Board Director
Mark is Group Chief Executive of Depaul International, a charity supporting homeless and marginalised people around the world.
It is the parent organisation of a group of charities that operate in Europe and the USA.
After receiving a degree from Durham University, he studied Voluntary Sector Management at Sheffield Hallam University, and provides pro-bono consultancy to other non-profit organisations on fundraising, corporate governance, and strategic planning.
Mark, who is a talented musician, lives in London with his wife and daughter. He has been involved in the work of Mary's Meals since 2007.
Jacob Allen – Board Director
Now a Director with The Cicero Group, Jacob has spent his career working with non-profit organisations and businesses around the world. His strengths are in strategy, performance management, and monitoring and evaluation (M&E).
Jacob designed and managed the M&E system for The Goldman Sachs Foundation's 10,000 Women initiative, and developed the strategy for their 10,000 Small Businesses initiative. He has also managed microfinance and microenterprise development initiatives in Latin America.
With such a depth of experience in non-profit management, it's great to hear Jacob say of Mary's Meals: "I've never seen an NGO that so effectively and efficiently combines such a simple solution with such an intrinsic need."
Along with the rest of the Mary's Meals family, he believes that everyone can make a lasting difference to children in the most desperate of circumstances.
Jacob is married with six children and loves to spend his spare time running, hiking, and skiing on snow or water - depending on the weather!


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