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Tutorial - Introduction to Software-based Rendering: Triangle Rasterization
January 19, 2009
This article explains how to rasterize triangles. It contains sample C++ code and is accompanied by a demo program with full source code that uses SDL for display.
Triangle Rasterization
In our previous article, we implemented a function for drawing lines. This was adequate for drawing simple wireframes, such as the triangle consisting of three lines as displayed in the demo program, but now let's shift our attention to full triangle rasterization. This will enable us to draw fully shaded triangles with independent colors for each vertex. This is a bit more complicated than simple line drawing, but it will build on top of that knowledge.
There are basically three steps to triangle rasterization. First, let's break triangle drawing down into a few separate stages, as shown in the figures below (each figure represents a 20x20 grid of pixels):
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
The first figure shows the three points (represented by black dots) that are the three vertices of the triangle. The second figure shows the edges of the triangle; these are the three lines that connect the points and form an outline of the triangle. Last, we have the fully drawn triangle in the third figure, which is made up of horizontal lines of blue pixels that are within the boundaries of the triangle.
So the first step is to use the three points to determine the edges of the triangle. Next, we loop through the y axis boundaries of the triangle to calculate the horizontal spans that the triangle consists of; these are the horizontal lines that will form the triangle. Any row of pixels within the outline of the triangle is a span. Finally, we loop through the x axis boundaries of each span to draw each individual pixel.
Let's now dive into the code for doing all of this, starting with the first step: edge calculation.
Edge Calculation
First, we need a class to represent a single edge of a triangle. Here's the definition of the class:
This class contains color, x, and y values for the two points that an edge consists of. The only function is the constructor, which is shown below:
When we're looping through the y axis, we want to start with lower values and end with higher ones, so this constructor simply makes sure that the first point of the edge is the point with the lower y value of the two given.
Let's now take a look at the DrawTriangle() function of the Rasterizer class, which creates an array of edges from the three points given:
The first edge is from point one to point two, the second edge is from point two to point three, and the third edge is from point three to point one.
Let's refer back to the figures shown earlier in the article for a moment. Notice that one edge of the triangle (the vertical one on the left) spans the entire length of the triangle in the y axis, whereas the other two edges span roughly half of the length in the y axis. When we're drawing triangles, one edge will always have a length in the y axis greater than either of the other two edges (actually, it's possible that two edges have the same length in the y axis and the third has a 0 length, but our code will handle that situation as well); its length in the y axis will be the sum of the lengths of the other two edges.
The following bit of code is used to find the index of the tallest edge (the one with the greatest length in the y axis) in the edges array:
Next, we get the indices of the shorter edges, using the modulo operator to make sure that we stay within the bounds of the array:
Next, we pass the edges to the DrawSpansBetweenEdges() function, which will calculate the horizontal spans between two edges of the triangle and send them to another function for drawing indivudal spans; we call this function twice, passing in the tall edge along with each of the short edges, and the DrawTriangle() function is done:
As mentioned earlier, the tall edge's length in the y axis is the sum of the lengths in the y axis of the other two edges. Because the two short edges have different slopes, we take one short edge at a time to calculate the minimum/maximum x values of each span within the edge's boundaries. Let's now look at how we calculate the spans.
Span Calculation
Just like we have a class to represent edges, we have one to represent spans. Here's the definition:
This is similar to the Edge class, but it has no y values because spans are always parallel to the x axis; the function for drawing a single span (shown later in the article) will take a single y value to draw at along with a span. The constructor of the Span class makes sure that the first point stored is the one with the lower x value:
Span calculation is performed by the DrawSpansBetweenEdges() function. This function first takes the differences between the y positions of the points for the given edges. If either of them is 0, there are no spans to render and the function simply returns:
Next, we also calculate the differences of the x positions and colors of the points for the given edges, as this will make it a little easier to interpolate x and color values for each span:
The last task before looping through each span is initializing factors for interpolating values between the two points of the given edges, and step values for increasing the factors each time the loop runs:
When this function is called, the first edge given must be the long edge and the second edge given must be one of the short ones. We're going to loop from the minimum y value of the second edge to the maximum y value of the second edge to calculate spans, since every span within the boundaries of the short edge will also be within the boundaries of the long edge. factor2 starts at 0 and is increased by factorStep2 until it reaches a value of 1 towards the end of the loop. factor1, however, may start with a value greater than 0 (if the long edge's starting y value is lower than the short edge's) or may end up at a value lower than 1 (if the long edge's ending y value is greater than the short edge's).
Here's the loop that calculates spans and passes them to the DrawSpan() function to draw them:
The x and color values for each span are interpolated from the first point of each edge to the second point, similarly to the line drawing function from our last tutorial. Once the loop finishes, the function is complete. Let's now take a look at the DrawSpan() function, which is where we draw each individual pixel of a span.
Span Drawing
Span drawing is basically like drawing a one-dimensional line that exists only in the x axis. We loop from the minimum x value of the span to the maximum x value, interpolating the color and setting pixels along the way.
Here's how the DrawSpan() function starts. We calculate the differences between the starting/ending x/color values of the span and, if the x difference is 0, simply return because there are no pixels to draw:
Next, we initialize a factor for interpolating the color between the beginning and end of the span, and calculate a step value for incrementing the factor each time the loop runs:
Finally, we loop through each x position in the span and set pixels using the y value passed to this function and a calculated color value:
The function is finished, and with that, our triangle rasterization algorithm is complete. Here's a screenshot of the demo program:
The C++ source code for the demo can be found on GitHub. The demo requires SDL.


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Candlelighters is a Yorkshire based charity which provides support for children who have been diagnosed with cancer and their families. It was established in 1976 and is run mainly by parents and medical staff.
The charity uses the money raised to provide a vital range of services to patients and families. These include:
- The allocation of social workers from the point of diagnosis to the families affected
- Support groups for families, including bereaved parents and siblings of the diagnosed
- 'Breaks' for those affected, such as lunches and other events on wards, and trips out for families away from the hospital environment
- Providing medical equipment, family facilities, beds, toys, and other supplies to the Paediatric Oncology and Haematology Unit in Leeds, to which around 120 new young patients from across Yorkshire are admitted each year
The charity also undertakes research projects from their Children's Cancer Research Laboratory in Leeds, and external projects across the Yorkshire region. One of the charity's fundamental aims is, through research funding, to be able to successfully treat a higher proportion of children with cancer.
"Whether it be through the support of the friendly staff and experienced counsellors, that 'home away from home' environment we nurture on the ward in Leeds or the vital research into new treatments and cures we fund, we are here to help."
To find out more information about the charity or donate to their cause, please visit www.candlelighters.org.uk.

subset: commoncrawl


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Bristol Bay is a long way from Wallingford, in southwest Alaska, but if you enjoy wild sockeye salmon and eating at Wallingford restaurants, you've got the motive and the opportunity to get involved in an important environmental issue.
Bristol Bay produces the world's largest sockeye salmon fishery and one of the largest king salmon runs, with as many as 60 million sockeye returning every year, 40% of the global supply, but there's a threat looming: several mining companies have been eyeing the massive stores of gold, copper and molybdemum in what's known as the Pebble deposit in the region, and are drawing up plans to mine it. Construction of the mine would require the world's largest earthen dam to be built to contain the toxic waste from the mine. According to the Save Bristol Bay web site, "Pebble will produce 2.5 billion tons of waste that would have to be treated in perpetuity. Any release of this waste into the surface or groundwater has the potential to destroy Bristol Bays salmon runs forever."
Disturbingly, the Pebble region is seismically active, and some scientists have questioned whether the dam would withstand an earthquake such as the 9.2 quake that slammed Anchorage in 1964.
Some Seattle restaurants, including Wallingford's exceptional Art of the Table (1054 N. 39th St), are pitching in to help, and will be donating some of their salmon sales, Tuesday 9/5 – Friday 9/9, to Save Bristol Bay.
For a full list of all 17 participating Seattle restaurants, visit the Dine Out for Bristol Bay web site.
(This article originally appeared on Wallyhood, the Wallingford neighborhood blog. For more news and chatter about Wallingford, join us there.
To comment on this article, visit on Wallyhood.


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Almost left for dead, The Donald's The Apprentice was revived for another season with the inclusion of B-list celebrities like Gene Simmons and Stephen Baldwin. Despite a smaller cut of product placement fees, Trump still makes a pile of cash firing contestants. The real estate tycoon and member of the Forbes 400 lends his name to everything from neckties to furniture, and earns millions giving speeches and selling books.
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Author has written 4 stories for Lord of the Rings, Harry Potter, and Rhapsody Trilogy.
I am a spunky 20 year old currently in college as a double major in chemistry and biology with hopes of attending med-school. As such, free time is little to none, but I enjoy fanfiction and playing with creations.
I haven't really updated my profile in years. When I start writing again, I will be exhaustive about it! :D
Lord of the Rings
Sorry about not updating frequently...I'm one of those writers whose has millions of ideas swarming in her head and can't keep her stories consistent. XD
I'm into theatre. I have been participating in musicals for...sheesh..goodness knows how long.
I've yet to resume work on my stories for the time being. I'm happy to beta, however! :D
Reflection: Oneshot. Thoughts of Achmed after everyone's favorite moment in Destiny. It's so hard to write good ones of Achmed!
In progress:
The Strength Of Fellowship: The last thing two fans expected was to end of part of the Fellowship that they love. They were brought to Middle Earth by the Valar, but are they really going to be able to contribute? Based loosely on canon, mild language and AC. It's basically the same plot of the books, taking the ring ot Mount Doom and such, with a little twist and some new characters added in. I don't update this one much.
Beasts and Magic:Post HBP AU, DH spoilers. Hermione skipped seventh year to hunt for Horcruxes and now she is back at Hogwarts with Ron. Hurt from so many deaths, she tries to go back in time to fix it all. Instead of going back 2 years, however, she goes back 20. HGRL. I love Hermione/Remus stories and this will be the first of many. This is the main one I'm working on.
A Potion Master's Exile: Post DH AU. Snape's now living in NYC to get away from England, where it's still thought he murdered Albus Dumbledore. He's now living as a muggle, teaching at NYU and comes across an unexpected student he's not too happy about. HGSS. I also love Hermione/Snape. This will also be the first of many.


text: Yep, tonight at 7:30pm we'll be going over graphical models, see everyone then! mike On Mon, Sep 26, 2011 at 5:20 PM, Jared Dunne <jareddunne at gmail.com> wrote: > Mike- > > I just wanted to confirm that this is still going down tonight at 7:30pm in > the Church classroom? > > Jared- > > On Sep 22, 2011 1:29 PM, "Mike Schachter" <mike at mindmech.com> wrote: > > Hey everyone, > > My time is super limited right now and making it > difficult to come up with a show-stopping machine > learning workshop that blows minds and educates > the masses... but! > > I've been taking an ML class at Berkeley that goes > over graphical models, and was wondering if it'd > be cool for me to come in Monday night and share > some of the basic stuff about graphical models and > probability theory with you. Mostly a whiteboard > presentation potentially with an R hacking session. > > Let me know if this is in conflict with anything, > otherwise see you on Monday! Note the time change, > I can't be in until 7:30pm although normally Monday > meetups are at 7pm. > > mike > _______________________________________________ > ml mailing list > ml at lists.noisebridge.net > https://www.noisebridge.net/mailman/listinfo/ml >


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Just thinking
We DO have the capacity to bring our moth balled fleet on line?
Don't we?
I do not think the USN "moth balls" ships anymore. I think we use them for target practice and to make reefs.
Without altering down times for our active because of available yard space to do the work? I'm not sure. On the smaller surface ships yes we can bring them back because there are several yards that can do the work. The smaller ships are Diesel Engine or Gas Turbine powered. The subs? No. They have to be rebuilt from keel up. The carriers? Limited yards. Bremerton on the west coast {Long Beach was the other but is no more} and Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, VA is the other carrier yard. Newport News Shipbuilding if not doing construction could do some work. They do the carrier Ship Life Extension Program now.
But the reality is the ones in mothball are wore out. The boilers is the real issue. All but Forestall are 1200 PSI systems 8 boilers per ship. To replace the boilers would be easier and likely quicker to build a new conventional. 1200 PSI of superheated steam with a leak the size of a pencil lead can dismember you. Worse is you can't hear it and you can't see it.
JFK was the newest conventional but she's had it and is mothballed. Too much neglect due to underfunding. America the next one back was sank for data for the Gerald R Ford. She had a major boiler-room explosion in 1994 I think it was at the pier. She had done three - six month deployments in three years. She was towed Cold Iron up the river to Portsmouth, VA then patched up and made one deployment afterward. Enterprise is still active and 50 plus years in age now. Constellation and Kitty Hawk could possibly fire up but for how long? It's really asking a lot out of the boilers and would be placing the crew at substantial risk as well. But the carriers would not matter because we don't have planes for them either.
Short Term solution till we get the numbers back up on surface ships is building submarines nuclear and conventional. Conventional powered ships have one huge advantage and that is in training a crew. A conventional Snipe will be standing advanced watches before a Nuke gets out of school and will have acquired a good sum of knowledge about the ship.
One other issue is IIRC the Navy discontinued the Boilerman Rating. It was consolidated with Machinist Mate I think.


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Mumbai blasts convict Yakub Memon to hang, SC rejects plea
The Supreme Court on Tuesday dismissed a petition by 1993 Mumbai serial bomb blasts convict Yakub Abdul Razak Memon, whose death sentence will be executed on July 30
New Delhi: The Supreme Court on Tuesday dismissed a petition by 1993 Mumbai serial bomb blasts convict Yakub Abdul Razak Memon, whose death sentence will be executed on July 30.
Yakub Memon was kept at the Arthur Road jail initially and, after the sentencing in 2007, was shifted to the Nagpur Central Jail. File pic
An apex court bench headed by Chief Justice H.L. Dattu rejected Memon's curative petition challenging an earlier verdict to uphold the death sentence.
Yakub Memon was convicted for his role in the March 12, 1993, Mumbai bomb blasts.
Official sources earlier said Memon will be hanged on July 30.
He is likely to be be hanged in the Nagpur Central Jail, where he is currently lodged, following the rejection of his mercy plea in April this year by the President.
A chartered accountant, Memon, 53, filed his second review petition before the Supreme Court, which dismissed it on Tuesday.
He was awarded the death sentence by a Special TADA Court in Mumbai on July 27, 2007, for his role in the blasts, including arranging finances for carrying out the 13 serial explosions which left 257 dead and over 700 injured across the city on March 12, 1993.
Subsequently, Memon - brother of one of the main absconding accused, Ibrahim alias Tiger Memon - appealed against the sentence in the Bombay High Court, the Supreme Court and later filed a mercy petition with the President, followed by a review petition, and then a second review petition.
Hailing the verdict
>> The Shiv Sena in Maharashtra today welcomed the Supreme Court's rejection of the curative petition of Yakub Memon, the lone death row convict in the 1993 Mumbai serial bomb blasts case. "Prime Minister Narendra Modi has given a message that those who indulge in terror acts against India will be hanged .I welcome this message and I thank the Prime Minister," senior Shiv Sena leader Ramdas Kadam told reporters.
>> Samajwadi Party legislator Abu Azmi welcomed the apex court ruling with mixed feelings about the course of the case. "I welcome the Court decision with bowed head," Azmi said.


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By Ling-Mei Wong
If you think the Hello Kitty fandom has yet to reach outside the walls of a Sanrio store, the owners of Hello Kitty Kitchen and Dining are out to prove you wrong with their restaurant tribute to the popular Japanese character.
Thou shalt bow before the Cat with No Mouth at this cult shrine in Taipei's trendy East Side.
Formerly known as Hello Kitty Sweets before it was renovated in 2013, the wildly pink exterior is matched by Sanrio's "kawaii" cat printed on every imaginable surface: floors, walls, ceilings, napkins, mugs, dishes and even the staff uniforms.
It's a Hello Kitty fan's dream come true, and is unsurprisingly patronized by mostly women and their devoted husbands or boyfriends. Even I was charmed by the sheer adorableness of the Hello Kitty décor.
Afternoon tea dominates the menu, with a wide selection of cakes and drinks all marked with Hello Kitty's signature face.
The appeal of these desserts admittedly lies much more in themed presentation than taste.
Heartier fare includes spaghetti, burgers with buns shaped like Hello Kitty's head and pizza in dinner sets ranging from NT400 to NT450 (roughly $12 to $15).
For their noodles, the pesto shrimp noodles had large juicy shrimp in an overly creamy sauce.
Salmon noodles were also drowned in the cream sauce.
The most enjoyable entrée was the spicy chicken cream noodles, which packed more kick and flavor.
A typical meal comes with salad, soup, a bread roll imprinted with Hello Kitty's face, your choice of appetizer (buffalo wings, duck breast slices, baked vegetables and roasted rice), an entrée, custard (again in the shape of Hello Kitty's face) and a drink. Food is, however, secondary to ambiance in this unbearably "kawaii" restaurant.
The restaurant staff is more than happy to help visitors take pictures and the renovated space is kid-friendly. It is an all-Chinese menu, so make sure you go with friends fluent in Mandarin.
Bottom line: If you're in Taipei, don't miss out on this mecca of Hello Kitty worship.
Hello Kitty Kitchen and Dining
90 Da An Road, Section 1
Taipei 106, Taiwan
+886 (2) 2711-1132
This post is also available in: Chinese


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Environmental, Social & Economic Impacts programs
Economic and Environmental Impacts of Biofuels: Implications for Land Use and Policy
The program is creating a comprehensive framework to analyze the socioeconomic, biophysical, and environmental impacts of biofuel production at an economy-wide level, while incorporating detailed spatial heterogeneity at a local and regional scale. This framework has the flexibility to be modified as new knowledge and insights emerge from the field and laboratory studies. The analysis provides policy makers and analysts with a scientific basis and a methodology to analyze the impacts of a range of public policies, including gasoline taxes, biofuel subsidies, carbon payments, and reduction in tariffs on imported biofuels.
program Highlights
2014 Highlights
Our research shows significant potential to achieve greenhouse gas savings by using forest biomass for bioenergy production and to expand wood pellet production with modest increase in pulpwood price for traditional wood products. We also find that farmer risk and time preferences can raise the price of biomass needed to induce them to grow energy crops like Miscanthus and switchgrass and that it is important to have policies that alleviate their credit constraints and share the establishment costs for energy crops borne by them to lower the cost of meeting the cellulosic biofuel mandate. Our analysis of the existing fuel policies in Brazil shows that they are likely to have been motivated by the objectives of increasing oil exports, raising government revenue and promoting rural development through the sugarcane sector and have had a significant adverse effect on fuel and sugar consumers, aggregate social welfare and a small increase in greenhouse gas emissions in Brazil.
2013 Highlights
We examined the effect of heterogeneity in risk preferences and land quality among landowners on the extent of vertically integrated production by a biorefinery, the share of biomass production under different types of contractual arrangements, and the terms of the contracts between a biorefinery and landowners. We conducted a survey to identify the preference of farmers for the type of contractual arrangements that would induce them to grow energy crops. Preliminary results from the survey indicate that energy crop adopters are more likely to be risk-loving, educated, patient and own land of low cash rent. To adopt energy crops, farmers prefer short contract length, larger establishment cost shared by refinery, higher net gain and lower variability in annual income. We also used BEPAM to analyze the effects of state-level Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs) for the competition for biomass for meeting the cellulosic biofuel mandate in the RFS and its implications for the agriculture sector. We analyzed the impacts of biofuel policies in the U.S. on land use, agricultural commodity and transportation fuel markets, and global environment in Brazil and the political economy of fuel policies in Brazil on incentives to produce ethanol.
2012 Highlights
Our focus this year has been on analyzing the design and effectiveness of alternative policies to stimulate advanced biofuels. We examined the optimal carbon tax in the presence of biofuels as a transportation fuel when the revenue from the carbon tax is used to replace labor income taxes in a revenue-neutral manner. We also compared the effectiveness of a range of other policies, including the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), carbon tax, biofuel subsidies and tariff in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and achieving energy security and their implications for food and fuel markets. We found that supplementing the RFS with a carbon price policy, a LCFS or a cellulosic biofuel tax credit could induce a switch away from corn ethanol to cellulosic biofuels and achieve the mandated level of biofuel production with a smaller adverse impact on crop prices. These supplementary policies can enhance the greenhouse gas savings achieved by the RFS alone and can also stimulate greater learning by doing and reduction in industrial costs of producing cellulosic biofuels. We quantified the economic benefits of these policies and showed that the RFS can lead to economic gains for the U.S. by improving the terms of international trade for the U.S. and lowering the price of oil imports while raising the price for agricultural commodity exports.
In related work, we published a review of the studies estimating the indirect land use change (ILUC) effect of first generation biofuels in the U.S. and EU and showed that there is a large variability in estimates due to differences in the underlying assumptions across studies and in model structures. We also analyzed the implications of the ILUC effect and rebound effect in the fuel market for GHG emissions savings due to biofuels under alternative policies. Our research on Brazil was expanded to examine the effects of U.S. biofuel policies on biofuel production and land use change in there. We also initiated research analyzing the potential design of biomass production contracts between biomass growers and biorefineries to promote the development of the industry. We are currently conducting a survey of farmers to determine the factors that will induce them to grow energy crops.
2011 Highlights
Khanna's group found that the Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS) in the U.S. will probably result in a 20 percent increase in crop prices, less of an increase than with cellulosic ethanol subsidies or a carbon price policy. They also concluded that, while the RFS leads to reduced fuel imports and more energy security, it also leads to a lower reduction in GHG emissions than would carbon tax policies. The Khanna group estimates that if energy crops were allowed to grow on a small percentage of the 32 million acres currently in the Conservation Reserve Program (which pays landowners to shift marginal cropland into productive wetland), more than 1 billion liters of cellulosic biofuels could be produced, reducing the impact of the RFS on food prices.
2010 Highlights
2009 Highlights
Published in 2014
Potential Greenhouse Gas Benefits of Transatlantic Wood Pellet Trade, P. Dwivedi, M. Khanna, R. Bailis, A.Ghilardi, Environmental Research Letters 9, 024007 (p. 11), 2014.
Alternative Fuel Standards: Welfare Effects and Climate Benefits, X. Chen, H. Huang, M. Khanna and H. Onal, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 67(3), pp. 241–257, May 2014.
Wood-Based Bioenergy Products—Land or Energy Efficient?, P. Dwivedi, M. Khanna. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 44 (999), pp. 1187-1195, August 24, 2014.
Are Bioenergy Crops Riskier than Corn? Implications for Biomass Price, R. Miao, and M. Khanna. Choices 29(1), 2014.
Abatement Cost of GHG Emissions for Wood-Based Electricity and Ethanol at Production and Consumption Levels, P. Dwivedi, M. Khanna. PloS One, 9(6), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100030, June 17, 2014.
Carbon Abatement in the Fuel Market with Biofuels: Implications for Second-Best Policies, C. Crago and M. Khanna, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 67(2), pp. 89–103, March 2014.
Abatement Cost of Wood-Based Energy Products at the Production Level on Afforested and Reforested Lands, P. Dwivedi, M. Khanna, Global Change Biology—Bioenergy, doi: 10.1111/gcbb.12199, June 2, 2014.
Is Use of Both Pulpwood and Logging Residues Instead of Only Logging Residues for Bioenergy Development a Viable Carbon Mitigation Strategy?, P. Dwivedi, R. Bailis, M. Khanna. BioEnergy Research, 7 (1), pp. 217-231, March 2014.
Modeling Land Use Change with Biofuels, M. Khanna, D. Zilberman, C. Crago, Book chapter, J. M. Duke and J. J. Wu (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Land Economics, Oxford University Press, http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199763740.do, 2014.
Adoption and Land Use, D. Zilberman, M. Khanna, S. Kaplan and E. Kim, Book Chapter, J. M. Duke and J. J. Wu (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Land Economics, Oxford University Press, http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199763740.do, 2014.
Published in 2013
Stacking Low-Carbon Policies on the Renewable Fuel Standard: Economic and Greenhouse Gas Implications, Haixiao Huang, Madhu Khanna, Hayri Önal, Xiaoguang Chen, Energy Policy, 56, pp. 5-15, June 2013.
Is Use of Both Pulpwood and Logging Residues Instead of Only Logging Residues for Bioenergy Development a Viable Carbon Mitigation Strategy?, P. Dwivedi, R. Bailis, M. Khanna, Bioenergy Research, 7, pp. 217-231, doi: 10.1007/s12155-013-9362-z.
Can India Meet Biofuel Policy Targets? Implications for Food and Fuel Prices, M. Khanna, H. Onal, C. Crago, K.Mino, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 95(2), pp. 296-302, 2013.
Food vs. Fuel: The Effect of Biofuel Policies, Chen, X., and M. Khanna. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 95 (2), 289-295. 2013.
Economic, Energy Security and Greenhouse Gas Effects of Biofuels: Implications for Policy, M. Khanna, X. Chen, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 95(5), pp. 1325-1331, 2013.
Carbon Abatement in the Fuel Market with Biofuels: Implications for Second Best Policies, Christine Lasco Crago, Madhu Khanna, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, online access, doi: 10.1016/j.jeem.2013.11.001, November 2013.
Published in 2012
Stimulating Learning-By-Doing in Advanced Biofuels: Effectiveness of Alternative Policies, Xiaoguang Chen, Madhu Khanna, and Sonia Yeh, Environmental Research Letters, doi:10.10888/1748-9326/7/4/045907, December 13, 2012.
Can India Meet Biofuel Policy Targets: Implications for Food and Fuel Prices, Madhu Khanna, Hayri Onal, Christine Crago, Kivoshi Mino, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, doi: 10.1093/ajae/aas040, May 18, 2012.
Food vs. Fuel: The Effect of Biofuel Policies, Xiaoguang Chen, Madhu Khanna, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, doi: 10.1093/ajae/aas039, May 11, 2012.
The Market-Mediated Effects of Low Carbon Fuel Policies, Xiaoguang Chen, Madhu Khanna, AgBioForum, 15(1), pp. 89-105, May 2012.
Land Use and Greenhouse Gas Implications of Biofuels: Role of Technology and Policy, Xiaoguang Chen, Haixiao Huang, Madhu Khanna, Social Science Research Network, February 8, 2012.
Modeling Agricultural Supply Response Using Mathematical Programming and Crop Mixes, Xiaoguang Chen, Hayri Onal, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, doi: 10.1093/ajae/aar143, Feb. 2, 2012.
Meeting the Mandate for Biofuels: Implications for Land Use, Food and Fuel Prices, X. Chen, H. Huang, M. Khanna and H. Onal, Chapter 7 in The Intended and Unintended Effects of U.S. Agricultural and Biotechnology Policies, eds. J. G. Zivin and J. Perloff, University of Chicago Press.
Explaining the Reductions in Corn Ethanol Processing Costs: Testing Competing Hypothesis, X. Chen and M. Khanna, Energy Policy 44, 153-159.
Measuring Indirect Land Use Change with Biofuels: Implications for Policy, M. Khanna and C. L. Crago, Annual Review of Resource Economics, April 23, 2012 online, doi: 10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114523
Published in 2011
Economics of Herbaceous Bioenergy Crops for Electricity Generation: Implications for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation, Madhu Khanna, Hayri Onal, Basanta Dhungana, Michelle Wander, Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(4), doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.11.031, April 2011.
Land Use and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Effects of Biofuel Policies, Madhu Khanna, Xiaoguang Chen, Haixiao Huang, Hayri Onal%


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The minister for children gave one of the creches at the centre of allegations of mistreatment a clean bill of health just a year earlier after parents reported another incident there to both the HSE and to the gardaí.
Last night it emerged there was an incident at Giraffe Belarmine in 2010 which was reported by parents as a child protection issue to a HSE duty social worker and also to gardaí.
According to a Prime Time report last night, over the next 18 months the HSE carried out several inspections. On the first, soon after the incident, the creche was found to be in breach of regulation five on child welfare and development and three other regulations. In Apr 2011, it was still in breach of regulation five on welfare and development as well as regulation nine on good behaviour management and nine other regulations. An inspection at the end of 2011 found it was in continuing breach of regulation five and seven other regulations and in May 2012 Giraffe was found to be in breach of one regulation.
As the parents were unhappy with the way the creche and HSE dealt with the complaint, they approached Justice Minister Alan Shatter who replied enclosing correspondence from Children's Minister Frances Fitzgerald. It referred to inspections and said "no further concerns existed" within the HSE about the operation of the service but it would continue to monitor it.
According to Prime Time, in an email to the boy's father last week, Mr Shatter wrote that if it is a case that practices detrimental to the welfare of children have been ongoing in these creches, it was "regrettable" it took an RTÉ programme to uncover them.
Meanwhile, Ms Fitzgerald has outlined initiatives to improve childcare standards.
Ms Fitzgerald told the Irish Examiner she wants to establish a €10m training fund for creche staff — but she said private providers will have to contribute to training costs also.
"It's poorly paid work so it's reasonable to expect us now to contribute to a training fund. Coming up later this year, I will be arguing for resources to do this. And then [ when you have a training fund], you will move to basic qualifications being required."
She wants to bring in basic qualification standards for all childcare workers.
At present, only childcare leaders working on the free preschool year are requested to undertake Fetac Level 5 training in childhood care.
In response, Early Childhood Ireland said the new initiatives "all make sense and are well overdue" but that timelines were needed.
Figures obtained by the Irish Examiner show there is a shocking disparity between the number of inspectors available.
Just three inspectors cover West Dublin, Kildare, West Wicklow, and Dublin South West. Limerick has five inspectors while Galway only has one. There are six in Co Cork, and just two in Co Kerry. Waterford has a single inspector.
© Irish Examiner Ltd. All rights reserved


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Maryland Lottery Droid Lite - FREE
by KevTec, Version: 1.14 , 1487 KB Official Site
Package name: com.kevtec.mdlotterydroid.lite , Last Update: 2012-04-06 15:48:00
24 ratings (4.667 average)
5,000-10,000 downloads
What's new in this version (1.14):
Reworked the first ad, so it no longer pops up.
added navigation items and menu items.
Changed the layout of the listings.. this is temporary.
Provides Maryland Lottery numbers.
Includes Pick 3, Pick 4, Bonus Match 5, MultiMatch, Mega Millions and Powerball
It has a random lottery number generator under the menu options and a feedback button.
Lottery Jackpot Estimates added.
Look up previous drawings!
Lottery history
ad supported


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james hong
Two Companies That Said No To Social Media Scams
Feedback is rolling in on our Scamville post last night. Even more people are coming forward to talk about their experiences getting ripped off by Offerpal and SuperRewards, or how they were pitched by these companies to add offers to their apps. We've got a lot more to say about this before we're done. And we're hoping that Facebook and MySpace make the right decisions for… Read More


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Reviewed By Marcus S (Spencer, MA) Reviewed for a 2012 Ford Focus —2/19/2016 8:43 PM
These fog lights are higher quality then the Ford Focus fog lights that came with the car!! The quality of construction is outstanding and the light pattern is awesome! The DRL feature really completes the look of my Focus and the brightness and whiteness of the fog lights is perfect! If you are on the fence about buying them, BUY THEM!! Best part of all, they were a perfect replacement fit for my car! No modifications necessary to mount the new lights in place of the OEM lights!


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OLYMPIA, Wash. - In a sign that a budget deal is close, leaders of the state House of Representatives late Friday added a Sunday session to the schedule. The House will join the state Senate, which already had a Sunday session planned. Without a budget by July 1, public safety, education, even state parks, will be at risk in a government shutdown. If a budget isn't passed by Monday, furlough notices will have to go out to most of the 59,000 state workers.
Putting the pressure on, Democratic Gov. Jay Inslee called a late afternoon news conference. "If they (budget negotiators) don't reach agreement today, Inslee said, "I'll be calling them back at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning and I will ensure that negotiations will be continuing all weekend full time."
Between closing the estate tax loophole and the improving revenue forecast, lawmakers have an additional $480 million to help close the gap between the two sides. But the governor and House Democrats are at odds with the Republican-dominated Senate over how to use that money. "The Senate is really trying to push for more money in both K-12 and higher education," said Medina Democrat Rodney, Senate majority leader, "and that seems to be the sticking point right now with the House and the governor." But the governor believes that improving education also means spending money outside the classroom, "It's very difficult to educate a homeless, hungry, sick child," said Inslee.


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All about Network Hospitals
The hospitals which have a tie up with your insurer would come under the category of network hospital. The network hospital provides cashless facilities to the insured on approval by the insurer. The insured while getting admitted can quote his policy number or provide issued card by the health insurer to the hospital administration. The hospital will seek approval for treatment on your behalf. If approved, the payments will be settled by insurer subject to the cover taken by the insured.
What are non-network hospitals?
The hospitals which have no tie-up with the insurer are called non-network hospitals. If the insured seeks treatment in any of the non-network hospitals, the bills have to be settled by the insured himself. However the hospitalization expenses are reimbursed by submitting claim forms along with other documents to the insurer. On authentication, the expenses are reimbursed to the insured after deducting some amount as a deductible.
Why prefer network hospitals over non-network hospitals?
If you are admitted to a non-network hospital you need to settle the hospital bills yourself and then submit the hospitalization documents along with the claim form for reimbursement of hospitalization expenses.
Insurer would require the following documents for processing of your claim.
- A photocopy of your previous policy details prior to taking your Health policy (if applicable).
- A photocopy of your present policy document.
- First Prescription from the Doctor.
- The Claim Form duly signed by the claimant or family member.
- The Hospital Discharge Card
- The Hospital Bill giving detailed break up of all expense heads mentioned in the bill.
- The Money Receipt duly signed with a Revenue Stamp.
- All Original Laboratory & Diagnostic Test Reports. E.g. X-Ray, E.C.G, USG, MRI Scan, Haemogram etc.(Please note that you do not have to enclose the films or plates, a printed report for each investigation is sufficient)
- If you have purchased medicines in cash and if this has not been reflected in the hospital bill, you need to enclose a prescription from the doctor and the supporting medicine bill from the Chemist.
- If you have paid cash for Diagnostic or Radiology tests and it has not been reflected in the hospital bill, you need to enclose a prescription from the doctor advising the tests, the actual test reports and the bill from the diagnostic centre for the tests.
- In case of a Cataract Operation, you might have to enclose the IOL Stickers
This whole procedure can be tiring and frustrating. Along with the above procedure, there is a deductible applicable in case of non-network hospitals
In case of network hospitals, the insurer negotiates the treatment cost with the hospital and tries to get you the least possible rate and the best possible service. Also, you will not be required to directly pay for the medical expenses at the Network Hospital as long as the original bills and evidence of treatment in respect of the same shall be left with the Network Hospital. Also, there is no deductible in this case.
There fore it is better to go for network hospitals
To see a list of all the Bajaj Allianz network hospitals in your city, please follow this link:


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Be the first to know
Receive emails from properties you follow when new suites are added to them.
The subject property is positioned at the northwest corner of River Road and Hopcott Road in the Tilbury Industrial area of North Delta. With convenient access to the Lower Mainland and the US border via Highway 99 to the west and Highway 91 to the east, the property is also within 5 minutes of the new South Fraser Perimeter Road which connects Deltaport to the Port Kells industrial area in Surrey.


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ME Cancun
- description
- sleep
- stuff to do
- all inclusive
- eat & drink
- get busy & entertainment
- little ones
- indulge
- weddings & groups
ME Cancun is a contemporary adult-oriented luxury resort concept. A South Beach experience in the Mexican Caribbean, they like to call it "a Complete ME experience beyond mere accommodation." Accommodations can only be booked as a "complete experience" package, however the resort remains a social hub for the local jet-set with its bars, restaurants, and beach club accessible to non-resort guests on a pay-to-play basis.
A complimentary honeymoon package is available for newlyweds.


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Muppets - The Green Album
This week marked the release of The Green Album, a compilation of great bands covering songs by the Muppets. The record was made in anticipation of a forthcoming Muppets movie written by Jason Segel. Children of the seventies who now have children of their own will go Gonzo for familiar songs interpreted by bands that they love.
All of the hits are there, including Muppet Show Theme Song reworked by OK Go and Mahna Mahna done by The Fray. Some deeper (furrier?) cuts are Mr. Bassman sung by Sondre Lerche and I'm Going To Go Back There Someday, performed beautifully by Rachel Yamagata.
Weezer collaborated with Hayley Williams on a dreamy rendition of The Rainbow Connection. My three year old knows and loves the versions by Kermit, The Carpenters and Paul Williams on Yo Gabba Gabba (what? he comes from a long line of music completist nerds), and initially he said, "no, I want The Rainbow Connection with the frog," but by the end of the track he expressed his approval with a big loud "yay." I concur. The great genius of the Muppets has always been kids' entertainment with subtle substance and edge for the grown-ups, and this album definitely carries on that tradition.
Preview The Green Album at NPR or find the CD and MP3s at amazon.


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|econintersect .com
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posted on 10 February 2016
At What Age Is It Easiest To Learn A Second Language?
from The Conversation
-- this post authored by Monika Schmid, University of Essex
If you want to learn a foreign language, should you begin before a certain age in order to fully master it? Popular opinion holds that young children find it easier than adults because childhood is a "critical period" for language learning.
It has been difficult to prove this, but new research published by my colleagues and me, using brainscans and innovative statistical methods, does indeed suggest that our capacity to learn a language diminishes gradually over our lives.
The familiar mantra that children immersed in a language "soak it up like a sponge", while adults apparently do not, is not in itself proof of the existence of a critical period for language learning. But it is both easier and more important for children to quickly become good in a second language they hear spoken around them.
There are many reasons for this. Children can spend more time and effort on learning than adults who have many competing demands; the motivation for children to fit in is much higher, and the habits of pronunciation and grammar of their first language are less deeply ingrained and thus easier to overcome. And, of course, all learning gets harder with age.
None of these factors have anything to do with a specific critical period for learning languages, but all of them do make younger learners of a new language eventually outperform older ones.
Not always sticking to the book. ChristianChan/www.shutterstock.com
Grammar gripes
In addition to this overall and gradual advantage for younger learners, there is one notable qualitative difference: even very good older language learners differ from younger ones when it comes to using grammar correctly and consistently. Every time I mark a run of scripts from my adult students, most of whom are from non-English-speaking backgrounds, I find that while they are amazingly good at using a wide range of vocabulary, appropriate style and complex grammar, they often struggle with some simple grammatical rules.
For example, many adult learners never fully master the distinction between "he walks" and "they walk". They also often fail to grasp that "I have lived in Colchester for two years" means that I still live there, while "I lived in Colchester for two years" means that I do not. Why are simple and highly frequent rules apparently impossible to master, while words that have been encountered only a few times sink in easily?
There seem to be some "pockets" of grammar that even advanced older learners persistently fail to use correctly, while children master them early on and with ease. This observation is at the heart of the idea of a "critical period", a limited time window, usually assumed to last until puberty, during which the human brain is specifically sensitive to linguistic input, including grammar. After this window has closed, it is assumed that grammatical rules have to be taught explicitly and become difficult to internalise.
Traditional statistical methods are good at capturing a slow decrease in proficiency among older language learners. But it has been difficult to scan the entire age range and detect a sudden drop that would be indicative of a critical period.
In our recent study, we used a comparatively new method of analysis, called "generalized additive modelling". This is effective at accurately assessing the result of language learning across the entire age range, while taking into account other factors, such as the amount of time the learner spends using the language.
We analysed the brain activity, measured by means of the EEG signal, of 29 native speakers and 66 second-language learners of German when they heard correct German sentences and sentences which contained a grammatical error of agreement. In article-noun combinations (such as "the garden" or "the house") German requires the article to match the gender of the noun, so that the masculine noun Garten "garden" takes the masculine article der, while the neuter noun Haus "house" requires the neuter article das.
Native German speakers, on hearing mismatches such as das Garten or der Haus show a strong brain response to this error, typical of detecting a grammatical mistake. The 66 second-language learners often either had no response at all or appeared to treat it like an error of word choice, not of grammar. This was particularly the case for those who had learnt the language later in life. But the change was gradual across the entire age range - there was no "bump" - suggesting there is no particular "critical period" and that it's just a question of not leaving it too late before you start learning.
How important is puberty?
Our study had some limiting factors, which highlight the need for more research. First, all of the learners we tested spoke either Polish or Russian as their first language, and both of these languages, like German, have grammatical gender. Learning the rules for their first language might have enabled them to get them right for the second one.
Second, the youngest learners we included were aged seven when they came to Germany. While the traditional view on the critical period is that it closes around puberty, some recent studies suggest that it may be as young as five. It is therefore possible that our study failed to detect the critical period because even the youngest participants were already past it when they began learning German.
More evidence, as well as informed use of novel statistical methods, is therefore needed to answer the question once and for all about whether there is a critical period for language learning.
Monika Schmid, Professor of Linguistics, University of Essex
This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.
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THE TURF.; The Rares at New-Orleans.
THIRD DAY. -- Another unpleasant rainy day tended our yesterday's races, but not with standing the rain, a racing fever prevailed to such an extent that there was a very four attendance of the more ardent sportsman.
April 08, 1854
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Definition : Black box testing is "the verification of a software system based solely on requirements with no reference to its internal workings." In other words, focus on what you can put in to the box and what comes out of the box and not what happens inside of the box. More...
The information you'll find on this site covers Test Management, Test Planning, Test Specification, Test Execution, Test Tracking, Defect Tracking and Test Reporting.
This site also features more advanced testing concepts such as using metrics, requirements management and people management.
The ultimate goal of Black Box Test is to provide you with the essential knowledge and resources related to black box testing to help you to streamline your test process to produce noticeable returns on investment.


text: On Apr 19, 2006, at 6:01 AM, Zbigniew Baniewski wrote: > > So far - so good. So, removed current version of ROX-filer with > "pkg_delete > rox" (I know, it wasn't necessary), and then typed "make update", > still > being in [..]/rox sub-dir. And then the whole problem began: > > It did remove about 100 packages, which I wasn't going to update - > packages, > which aren't "corresponding" to ROX in any way (like irssi, mc and > so on). > The compilation was about 40 hours long :(( (Pentium II-400). Not > all the > removed packages were rebuilt - f.e. it did remove firefox, but it > didn't make update has a strange logic. It's a good way to remove a lot of functionality from your system, in my experience, although it can work sometimes too.. I posted a while back on another list; we are not alone in this experience. In the meantime, check out pkg_tarup from pkgsrc. Very useful before doing any updates! Be sure to use the flag for dependencies. B


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"Samrat & Co" and Subhash Ghai's "Kaanchi" haven't struck the right chord yet. (Agencies) Latest Newsfrom Entertainment News Desk
According to sources, "2 States", which released on April 18, has earned Rs 69.83 crore net in the country.
Based on a bestseller by author Chetan Bhagat, it is directed by first-timer Abhishek Varman.
"'2 States' is still leading. Among the new releases, 'Revolver Rani' is doing the best. It has minted approximately Rs 3.25 crore in two days. 'Kaanchi' has collected about Rs 1.25 crore and 'Samrat & Co' must have earned not more than Rs 50 lakh," Rajesh Thadani of Multimedia Combines told reporters.
Though Kangana Ranaut-starrer "Revolver Rani" has done relatively better than the other two films that released on April 25, the movie's performance at the box-office is not as good as her previous film "Queen".
"The buzz wasn't that great. Even the songs are not good and promotions didn't create much hype," said Thadani.
Tagged as a "complete B-grade entertainment" by its producer Tigmanshu Dhulia, the film presents Kangana shooting guns and acting more like a male hero.
While "Samrat & Co" shows Rajeev Khandelwal as an investigator in the detective movie, women empowerment-based "Kaanchi" is Ghai's directorial after six years.
"Samrat & Co" and Subhash Ghai's "Kaanchi" haven't struck the right chord yet.
Latest Newsfrom Entertainment News Desk


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Soy-Free Egg Substitutes
By Chef Nancy Berkoff, RD, EdD
There are ways to replace eggs in many recipes, ranging from baked goods to veggie burgers. You can even make egg- and soy-free 'omelets!' Before we discuss egg substitutes, though, we need to explore what the original ingredient brings to recipes. Egg yolks provide fat, moisture, and color, while egg whites bring protein and moisture into play. Eggs help with thickening and leavening in baked products. Thickening, in addition to creating the texture we want, creates binding. Leavening gives baked goods their 'rise', and creates fluffy and 'light' products.
Identifying which function eggs serve in a particular recipe will help to determine how to replace them. Different ingredients can serve as egg replacers, if we know what 'job' we are looking to replace.
For example, cookie dough and muffin batters don't need too much thickening, but they do need the moisture that eggs supply. In custard pies, like pumpkin pie, eggs are used mainly for thickening. Quick breads, such as carrot cake, corn or zucchini bread, and cakes, need both the thickening and leavening qualities. Keep in mind that we can't produce super-light desserts that call for lots of eggs with egg substitutes, though. In general, we can use different ingredients when recipes call for no more than four eggs.
If a goal for egg replacement is to reduce fat, use one-quarter cup of applesauce, a puréed ripe banana, or cooked, puréed squash or pumpkin to replace one large egg. These lowfat items can add moisture to recipes, but they also add color and flavor. This means you'll need to consider your final product's appearance and taste. Puréed pumpkin could work with carrot cake or oatmeal cookies, but it won't work with a lightly colored or flavored product such as sugar cookies.
If replacing eggs in non-baking recipes, we'll assume that the eggs are being used for moisture and binding. Leftover mashed potatoes; hummus; cooked, puréed beans or cooked, mashed beans; or cooked, puréed mushrooms can provide binding for items such as burgers, croquettes, patties, and loaves. You'll need to adjust the moisture content, using water, broth, or juice, as appropriate for your menu item.
If you plan to replace eggs with different ingredients, be ready to experiment a bit with all recipes. The rule of thumb for changing ingredients is to test the new recipe at least three times to ensure the results can be reproduced.
Here are some ingredients used to replace eggs, with some basic measurements and directions.
Agar Agar
Agar agar is produced from seaweed but does not have any flavor. Agar agar should not be used to replace whole eggs or egg yolks, but it is a good substitute for recipes calling for egg whites. Some patient vegan cooks have been able to create an almost meringue-like topping using agar agar.
Chia Seeds
Chia seeds are becoming more and more available. They are similar to flaxseeds in texture but perhaps a bit more 'gel'-like. However, chia seeds have an advantage over flaxseeds in that they are almost flavorless, a good attribute when it comes to baking.
Chia seeds can be ground and used in baking recipes like flaxseeds are. (See below.) They can also be used to make a pudding-like gel (such as vegan Jell-O or chocolate pudding) with a cornstarch base.
Chickpea Flour
Chickpea or garbanzo bean flour has a slight bean flavor, so you should consider this before selecting this ingredient for recipes. Chickpea flour produces 'chewy', not 'fluffy', results. Mix it with enough water or non-dairy milk to moisten, and use it in 'tougher' baking recipes, such as oatmeal cookies or zucchini bread.
Chickpea flour makes great homemade pasta or noodles. If you have patience, and are willing to practice, chickpea flour can be used instead of eggs or tofu to create thin pancakes or 'stuffed' omelets. When making 'omelets', add a bit of mustard powder and nutritional yeast to give chickpea flour an 'eggy' flavor. Very small amounts of turmeric or mustard powder can be used to create a yellow color.
Chickpea flour is sold as besan or gram dal in South Asian shops. If you can't find chickpea flour in local markets, you can search for it online.
When making heavier cakes, such as pound cake and quick breads, add two Tablespoons of cornstarch to the dry ingredients for each large egg to be replaced. The cornstarch helps to bind (thicken) the cake batter and provides a soft texture.
Ground Flaxseeds
One Tablespoon of ground flax-seeds mixed with three Tablespoons of liquid (such as water or rice or almond milk) is equivalent to approximately one large egg. The flaxseeds and liquid can be whipped by hand, with an electric mixer, or in a blender until they have a thick, eggy consistency.
If you can't find ground flax-seeds, you can grind whole flax-seeds in a spice or coffee grinder. Don't grind more than you need, as the mixture does not hold for very long. This flaxseed combo may be used as an egg substitute in baking recipes.
Potatoes or Instant Potato Mix
Sometimes, unflavored mashed potatoes or instant potato mix can be used instead of eggs in cookie or quick bread recipes. Potatoes have other uses beyond baking, though. They are good binding agents and can serve as the 'glue' that holds veggie burgers, patties, or loaves together.
Psyllium husks have been available as a 'health food' for a long time. Psyllium, along with its cousins flax and chia, is gluten-free. Brands of psyllium husks differ in texture, but the guidelines for using psyllium in baking should follow fairly closely those of flaxseeds.
Xanthan Gum
Xanthan gum is similar to psyllium in that it is gluten-free and fairly neutral in flavor. The commercial food industry has used xanthan to produce a creamy, smooth mouthfeel, such as is desired in vegan pudding or ice cream. Xanthan gum is available at some natural foods markets and from many online retailers.
Oatmeal Cookies
(Makes 36 cookies)
These cookies are very sensitive to heat, so be certain to watch carefully when you are baking them!
- 1 cup all-purpose flour
- ¾ cup whole wheat pastry flour
- 1 teaspoon baking soda
- ½ teaspoon salt
- 2 cups quick oats (Be certain these are not 'long-cooking'.)
- 1 cup nonhydrogenated vegan margarine, at room temperature
- 1 cup packed light brown sugar (Use your favorite vegan variety.)
- ½ cup almond or lowfat coconut milk
- 1 Tablespoon lemon juice
- ½ Tablespoon vanilla extract
- 1 cup unsweetened shredded coconut
- 1 cup chocolate chips or raisins
Preheat oven to 375 degrees.
In a large bowl, combine the flours, baking soda, salt, and oats. Set aside.
In a separate bowl, mash the margarine with the sugar until fluffy. Whisk the milk, lemon juice, and vanilla into the margarine mixture and mix until well-combined. Whisk the dry ingredients into the margarine mixture. Fold in the coconut and the chocolate chips or raisins and mix until just combined.
Drop the batter by the Tablespoon, approximately 2 Tablespoons per cookie, onto a non-stick baking sheet. Bake for 5-10 minutes, only until the cookies are browned around the edges. Remove cookies from oven and allow to cool on the baking sheet for 2-3 minutes before transferring them to a wire rack.
|Total calories per cookie: 145
|Fat: 8 grams
|Carbohydrates: 17 grams
|Protein: 2 grams
|Sodium: 126 milligrams
|Fiber: 1 gram
Chocolate Chip Cookies
(Makes 36 cookies)
These cookies are soy-free. If they come out a bit too dry the first time you make them, add an extra Tablespoon or two of oil during your next attempt.
- 1 ¾ cups oat flour
- ½ teaspoon baking soda
- ¼ teaspoon salt
- 1 Tablespoon ground flaxseeds
- ¼ cup plain or vanilla rice or almond milk
- ¼ cup brown sugar (Use your favorite vegan variety.)
- ½ cup sugar (Use your favorite vegan variety.)
- ⅓ cup vegetable oil
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- ¾ cup vegan chocolate or carob chips
- ¼ cup shredded coconut
- ¼ teaspoon ground cinnamon
Preheat oven to 375 degrees.
Sift flour, baking soda, and salt into a large bowl. Set aside.
In a separate bowl, whisk the flaxseeds and milk until well-combined. Add sugars to flaxseed mixture, stirring until combined. Add oil and vanilla and mix until well-combined. Mix the wet and dry ingredients together until just mixed. Fold in chocolate or carob chips, coconut, and cinnamon.
Drop the batter by the Table-spoon onto a non-stick baking sheet. Bake for 5-10 minutes, until cookies are golden. Allow cookies to cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes before transferring them to a wire rack.
|Total calories per cookie: 75
|Fat: 4 grams
|Carbohydrates: 10 grams
|Protein: 1 gram
|Sodium: 36 milligrams
|Fiber: 1 gram
Frosted Chocolate Cupcakes
(Makes approximately 10 cupcakes or 18 'mini' cupcakes)
Bake these cupcakes fresh and serve within a day or two.
- Cupcakes
- Vegetable oil spray
- 1 ½ cups all-purpose flour
- ¾ cup unsweetened cocoa powder
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- ¾ teaspoon baking soda
- ¼ teaspoon salt
- 1 cup maple syrup
- ¾ cup plain or vanilla rice or almond milk
- ½ cup very ripe, peeled, pitted, and puréed avocado (Using a blender or food processor works well.)
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Spray cupcake or muffin tins with vegetable oil and set aside.
In a large bowl, mix together the flour, cocoa powder, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the maple syrup, rice or almond milk, avocado, and vanilla. You can also blend these ingredients in a blender or food processor or use an electric mixer. Combine the avocado mixture into flour mixture. Mix until smooth.
Pour batter into prepared tins, approximately 2-3 Tablespoons for regular-sized tins. Bake for 20 minutes for regular-sized cupcakes and 15 minutes for mini-cupcakes or until a toothpick inserted into cupcake center comes out with some crumbs attached. Cool on a wire rack.
- Cupcake Frosting
- ⅔ cup lowfat coconut milk
- ⅓ cup pitted and chopped dates
- 1 cup shelled, raw or roasted cashews
- ½ teaspoon vanilla extract
Place all ingredients in the canister of a food processor or blender, and blend together until very smooth. If too thick, add a small amount of coconut milk to thin it slightly. Store in the refrigerator until cupcakes have cooled.
Frost each cupcake with approximately 1 Tablespoon of frosting. If there are leftover frosted cupcakes, refrigerate.
|Total calories per frosted cupcake: 297
|Fat: 10 grams
|Carbohydrates: 51 grams
|Protein: 6 grams
|Sodium: 203 milligrams
|Fiber: 4 grams
|Total calories per 'mini' cupcake: 165
|Fat: 5 grams
|Carbohydrates: 28 grams
|Protein: 3 grams
|Sodium: 113 milligrams
|Fiber: 2 grams
Frosted Brownies
(Makes one 9 x 9-inch pan or approximately 16 brownies)
- Brownies
- Vegetable oil spray
- 8 ounces unsweetened vegan chocolate
- 1 cup nonhydrogenated vegan margarine
- 2 ½ cups sugar (Use your favorite vegan variety.)
- 2 ½ Tablespoons cornstarch
- 2/3 cup almond milk
- ½ Tablespoon vanilla extract
- 2 ½ cups all-purpose flour
- ½ teaspoon salt
- 1 teaspoon baking soda
- 1 cup chopped walnuts (optional)
Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Spray a 9 x 9-inch baking pan with oil. Set aside.
In a small saucepan, melt chocolate and margarine over low heat, stirring until just melted. Remove from heat and set aside.
In a large bowl, whisk together sugar, cornstarch, milk, and vanilla. In a separate bowl, combine flour, salt, and baking soda. Add dry ingredients to the sugar mixture and combine until just mixed. Stir in nuts. Add in the chocolate mixture and mix until just combined.
Pour batter into the prepared pan and bake for 30 minutes or until a toothpick inserted into the center of the brownies comes out almost clean. Remove from oven and allow brownies to cool.
1 cup vegan chocolate chips
1/2 cup nonhydrogenated vegan margarine
Melt chocolate chips on the stove or in the microwave. Allow chocolate to cool slightly and then mash the margarine into the chocolate with a fork. Mix until smooth. Spread over cooled brownies. Allow to set for approximately 15 minutes before serving.
|Total calories per brownie: 450
|Fat: 26 grams
|Carbohydrates: 55 grams
|Protein: 4 grams
|Sodium: 342 milligrams
|Fiber: 3 grams
No-Egg Omelet
(Makes 1 generous, filled omelet)
This recipe will not stand on its own as an omelet, so have some fillings in mind!
- ½ cup whole wheat flour
- 1 ½ Tablespoons nutritional yeast
- ¼ teaspoon ground turmeric
- ¾ teaspoon baking powder
- ¾ cup rice milk
- 3 teaspoons olive oil, divided
- ¼ cup chopped scallions
- ¼ cup chopped fresh mushrooms
- ¼ cup chopped bell peppers
In a medium bowl, combine the flour, yeast, turmeric, and baking powder. Add the milk and 1 teaspoon oil. Stir well to create a smooth batter and set aside.
In a large skillet (approximately 9 inches), heat the remaining oil. Add the scallions, mushrooms, and peppers. Cook over medium heat, stirring, for approximately 3 minutes until the vegetables are nicely wilted and soft. Remove from pan and set aside.
Pour the omelet batter into the hot pan in an even layer. Tilt and turn the pan to create an evenly cooked omelet. The omelet should set in approximately 3 minutes. When set, add the vegetables into the center, fold, and allow to cook for 1 more minute or until the edges start to brown. If you are feeling brave, you can try flipping the omelet to allow browning on both sides.
|Total calories per serving: 494
|Fat: 18 grams
|Carbohydrates: 73 grams
|Protein: 18 grams
|Sodium: 347 milligrams
|Fiber: 13 grams
Chickpea Flour Omelet
(Serves 2)
This is a very flavorful omelet. This recipe makes two servings, so cut the omelet in half and share!
- ½ cup chickpea flour
- ½ teaspoon baking powder
- ½ teaspoon ground black pepper
- Up to ½ cup water
- 2 Tablespoons chopped fresh cilantro or Italian flat-leafed parsley
- 1 Tablespoon deseeded, chopped fresh chilies (You choose the heat!)
- Vegetable oil spray
In a bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, and black pepper. Slowly add water until the thickness of pancake batter is reached. Mix well and add in the cilantro or parsley and fresh chilies. Cover the mixture and allow to set (stand) for 10 minutes.
Spray a large frying pan with oil and allow to heat over medium heat. Pour in the mixture and spread out evenly. Cook for 1 minute or until the edges begin to brown. Flip the omelet over. After the other side is lightly browned, remove from the pan, cut in half, and serve hot!
|Total calories per serving: 92
|Fat: 2 grams
|Carbohydrates: 14 grams
|Protein: 5 grams
|Sodium: 106 milligrams
|Fiber: 3 grams
Nancy Berkoff is The Vegetarian Resource Group's Food Service Advisor.


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if the desired device were a scanner would it have a different accept MIME type? regards, Frederick Frederick Hirsch Nokia On Nov 30, 2012, at 2:22 AM, ext NN Murthy wrote: > It is interesting and addressing the issue we have to specify a device type > such as "camera" or some other device type. > > -----Original Message----- > From: Anssi Kostiainen [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] > Sent: 29 November 2012 21:17 > To: DAP email@example.com > Subject: [capture] making capture attribute boolean, the first stab > > Hi, > > As per my ACTION-595, and as discussed on the yesterday's call, I started to > look at how the HTML Media Capture spec might look like -- and what the > implications might be -- if we'd make the capture attribute a boolean > instead of an enumerated attribute. > > The short rationale is that we don't want to duplicate the information that > is already expressed with the accept attribute. Also, given the feature is > not yet widely deployed, we can probably still change things for better. > > I started writing the proposal in a mail first, but quickly found out it > would be easier for everyone if I make an unofficial draft instead so that > you'll get a proper diff etc. > > So I branched the spec, and reworked it. I also added new examples that > should clarify how the revised spec would actually be used in both simple > declarative-only scenario based on an HTML form, and in more advanced use > cases involving scripting, such as upload via XHR, or drawing the captured > image to a canvas on the client-side. I also wanted to clarify that > uploading of the file is optional and that this feature is useful in > client-side only scenarios too. > > The "new" unofficial version with a boolean capture is at: > > http://dev.w3.org/2009/dap/camera/unofficial.html > > The "old" Editor's Draft with an enumerated attribute is at: > > http://dev.w3.org/2009/dap/camera/ > > The diff: > > > http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2009/dap/camera/unofficial.html.diff?r1=1.1;r2=1.2; > f=h > > That said, I'm looking for feedback whether we should go the boolean route. > Also suggestions how to make the boolean spec better are welcome. There are > probably some rough edges as I drafted this one rather quickly. > > -Anssi > > ______________________________________________________________________________ > > DISCLAIMER > > The information contained in this e-mail message and/or attachments to it may > contain confidential or privileged information. If you are not the intended > recipient, any dissemination, use, review, distribution, printing or copying > of the information contained in this e-mail message and/or attachments to it > are strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, > please notify us by reply e-mail or directly to email@example.com or > telephone and immediately and permanently delete the message and any > attachments. Thank you. > > ______________________________________________________________________________ > > This email has been scrubbed for your protection by SecureMX. > For more information visit http://securemx.in > _____________________________________________________________________________ >Received on Wednesday, 5 December 2012 14:45:23 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.1 : Monday, 23 October 2017 14:53:56 UTC


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Download The Zimperium Global Threat Report Get updates on global device vulnerabilities, network and app attacks
Source: zNetwork Global Threat Intelligence
The use of mobile devices in the workplace continues to grow at an exponential pace. Embracing BYO and developing mobile applications to improve business processes can be a great advantage. Yet, with these mobility initiatives comes a vast attack surface for cybercriminals who are increasingly sophisticated.
Existing network security solutions lack the visibility needed to protect mobile devices once they leave the corporate network. Signature-based technology can't keep pace or protect against unknown or dynamic threats. Any single attack can result in a security breach that compromises an organization's data, assets and brand.
With more business being conducted on the go, outside of the office, or on cellular and Wi-Fi networks, organizations need a new approach that strikes a better balance between increasing business productivity and securing mobile devices.
Over the past several years the security experts at Zimperium have developed zIPS™ with its z9™ engine, a revolutionary cyberattack defense engine that uses machine learning to dynamically detect network, device and application threats on mobile devices. z9™ was developed from the ground up for mobile to combat the unique challenges of protecting iOS and Android devices. z9™ runs efficiently on smartphones or tablets, without violating user privacy or introducing latency.
Unlike other threat detection systems, the Zimperium zIPS™ solution monitors the entire mobile device for malicious behavior regardless of the attack entry point. It does much more than scanning apps, and does not rely on signatures. This approach is immune to evasion techniques such as polymorphic malware, virtual machine awareness, download and execute techniques or binary obfuscation and allows Zimperium to find and protect against both known and unknown threats.
Like Tsunami buoys that alert you to an oncoming tidal wave, z9™ mobile sensors alert the Security Officer to attacks occurring on mobile devices inside and outside the corporate network, and prevents one compromised device from turning into a wider outbreak within the enterprise. The more sensors you have, the better visibility you have into both mobile and non-mobile threats.
To see how Zimperium can protect your organization's mobile devices from advanced threats, get a free enterprise trial today.Free Enterprise Trial


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Santa Rosa de Calamuchita Travel GuideBrowse 2 travel reviews, travel blogs and 15 travel photos from real travelers to Santa Rosa de Calamuchita.
Santa Rosa de Calamuchita Locals
Check Santa Rosa de Calamuchita Hotel Deals
Santa Rosa de Calamuchita Overview
Santa Rosa de Calamuchita is a beautiful town in the Calamuchita Valley, 80kms from Cordoba city and 780kms from Buenos Aires. It is in the middle of the Cordoba Province and in the middle of Argentina. It is surrounded by the "Sierras granded",big mountains and the "Sierras chicas", small mountains on the banks of the Santa Rosa river. The town has +-14,000 inhabitants.
It is a major holiday destination amongst locals. People from the big cities like to go there for vacations and to rest. There are a vast number of things to do. Activities include relaxing on the beaches, horse riding, hiking, walking, mountain biking, photo safaris, swimming and fishing.
Santa Rosa de Calamuchita is en route to Cordoba, Alta Gracia, Embalse, Villa General Belgrano, Villa del Dique, Rio Cuarto, Mendoza, Bariloche and Buenos Aires.


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UPSC Group V Recruitment Notification 2018 / UPSC UPSC Group V Notification 2018 Apply Online / UPSC Group V Recruitment 2018 Eligibility Criteria and Selection Process at www.upsc.gov.in/
The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) Junior Time Scale (JTS) of Central Labour Service (CLS), Ministry of Labour & Employment. has going to issued Recruitment Notification 2018 Posts of Assistant Labour Commissioners (Central) / Assistant Welfare Commissioners (Central) / Assistant Labour Welfare Commissioners (Central) / Assistant Directors Posts. The posts are suitable for Physically Challenged Persons with disability viz. Blindness or Low Vision with Partially Blind (PB) or Orthopedically Handicapped / Locomotor Disability / Cerebral Palsy with One Leg Affected (Right or Left) (OL) or One Arm Affected (Right or Left) (OA) or Muscular weakness and limited physical endurance (MW). The posts are permanent
The Eligible and Suitable candidates can Apply through Online Application mode from 2018. The information Regarding Age Limit / Educational Qualification / No of Posts / Selection process / how to Apply / Application fee / and other Details of UPSC Group 4 Recruitment Notification 2018 is mentioned below
Name of The Post
- Assistant Labour Commissioners (Central)
- Assistant Welfare Commissioners (Central)
- Assistant Labour Welfare Commissioners (Central)
Age Limit – UPSC Group V Assistant Labour Commissioners Post Applicants Age in 35 Years
Education Qualification – Degree of a recognized University. (ii) Diploma in Social Work or Labour Welfare or Industrial Relations or Personnel Management or Labour Law from a recognized University / Institution
Desirable – Degree in law from a recognized University.
Duties – The CLS Officers discharge statutory functions in the Central Sphere under various Labour Enactments. Their main function includes prevention and settlement of Industrial disputes, enforcement of various Labour Laws and to establish harmonious relation between workers and management. These Officers are notified as Inspectors, Conciliation Officers and Appellate Authorities under the various Acts.
Apply Online – Dear Candidate UPSC Ministry of Labour & Employment Group 'V' Posts Recruitment 2018 Apply for More Details Visit at official website at www.upsconline.nic.in
- UPSC Group A Recruitment Eligibility
- UPSC Group B Recruitment Eligibility
- UPSC Group A Recruitment Apply Online
- UPSC Assistant Director (AD) Recruitment
- UPSC Group V Recruitment Eligibility
- UPSC Group A Recruitment Apply Online
- UPSC Deputy Director (DD) Recruitment
- UPSC Assistant Soil Conservation Officer (ASCO) Recruitment
- UPSC Fodder Agronomist Notification 2016 Apply Online
- UPSC Assistant Professor Notification
- UPSC Medical Officer (SMO) Notification Eligibility
- UPSC Senior Scientific Officers (SSO) Recruitment
- UPPSC Combined State / Upper Subordinate Services Exam Notification


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|Incumbents retain seats in Town of Port
|Written by KRISTYN HALBIG ZIEHM
|Wednesday, 03 April 2013 17:27
Town of Port Washington voters on Tuesday gave a stamp of approval to the current Town Board, choosing the incumbent supervisors over two former Plan Commission members.
"I guess we'll keep doing what we've been doing," he said. "I think it (the vote) has to do with the fact everything is getting done effectively and efficiently and the town taxes haven't gone up."
City voters elect two new aldermen
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text:
I accidentally backed over a kid in the grocery store parking lo...
Lois: (while Peter plays harmonica music) I accidentally backed over a kid in the grocery store parking lot. Peter, I'm serious. I ran right over the soft part of the face. I had to run away. I ditched the car and snuck on a passing train. I was so scared, I didn't get off until I was in the south. What'd you do today?
Peter: I pushed a boy behind your car so I could do all this harmonica stuff.
- Characters:
- Peter Griffin, Lois Griffin
- Episode:
- Family Guy Season 11 Episode 21: "Road to Vegas; No Country for Old Men"
- Show:
- Family Guy
- Related Quotes:
- Peter Griffin Quotes, Lois Griffin Quotes, Family Guy Season 11 Episode 21 Quotes, Family Guy Quotes
- Added by:
- Carter Dotson
- Added:


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On Thursday afternoon, about 3 p.m., we decided to go away for the weekend!
I had no idea where we were going so I Google searched "July 4th flea market, IL".
The very first link to come up was "Towanda" Flea Market! My first though was where the h..l is Towanda?
It lies between Normal and Bloomington, IL. A little less than a 2 hour trip.
Turns out Towanda's flea market has been held on the 4th of July since 1968! The town's population if 550 citizens and the fair is a community event. The flea market evolved in to a 4th of July fair, with the flea market, parade, music and fire works, and I can attest to some great food! The whole town helps to put on the fair. On the 3rd their is a spaghetti dinner/dance.
Gosh, another flea market I've never heard of before? It's a nice sized flea market with more than 200 dealers from all over the country. Dealers come from Michigan, Texas, Indiana, Ohio, Iowa, Missouri and Tennessee. The crowd is estimated at over 5,000 people and there is no admission charge for us buyers or lookers!
The town is small, and the streets crowded, so I was only able to photo one home, a cute farmhouse.
The Towanda Flea Market was our weekend's starting point. Whenever Mr. C and I travel we stay at B&B's. We prefer B&B's for several reasons: nicer than a hotel; usually less expensive, you typically are served a full homemade breakfast and it's nice to socialize within a smaller setting (remember I don't like crowds!)
After a little bit of searching I came across The Greenhouse B&B, Kempton, IL.
The Greenhouse is a 1900's vintage farmhouse on a two-acre farmstead. More on our stay later.
We packed Thursday night, and headed out the morning of July4th for the flea market.
The weather and sky were beautiful…
As soon as we got there I was ready to hit the flea market.
The flea market had a great feel to it, people friendly and smiling, a small town feel!
It was a very nice flea market and enjoyed socially with everyone.
I didn't buy much, I haven't shared with you yet The Best Garage Sale, and spent quite a bit there so I felt guilty to buy anything!
Cast Iron Candlesticks
Vintage Rose Plate
A cute vintage Rooster wall planter
Vintage rooster tureen
Vintage muffin tin
Blue Bottle
Vintage amber bottle that needs a good bath!
Vintage Galvanized Gasoline Can
I also bought some Goat's Milk Soap and forgot to take a picture…
but it was from Carmel Creek, a lovely woman, and I bought many bars of Lavender soap.
I found several of the vendor's to be higher prices, but there were several with the best low prices.
Tomorrow I'll share our adventure's at The Greenhouse B&B!


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Hi, in chapter 7.3, point 3, of the new draft, it is stated that the context node for computed expressions is only the first node of the node-set. Shouldn't all the nodes be the context node for their model item properties? BTW, it's the sibling *nodeset* attribute. Regards, JérômeReceived on Friday, 23 August 2002 10:20:04 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.1 : Tuesday, 6 January 2015 20:25:04 UTC


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50/60mm Prime or 28-105mm - Advice Please
Hello People,
I have a Nikon D3 coupled with a Tamron 28-75 2.8 and shoot mostly small groups of people and animals - sometimes in low light in large buildings. I quite like the Tamron but feel it is a little soft mainly at the corners and just isn't quite sharp enough. you can see some of mine at www.supashots.com
I am considering adding a lens or two but can't afford anything like the 24-70mmm 2.8.
I have read all the various lens tests but would like some opinions who live in the Real world and take proper photos
Could anyone please give me their preference for any of the following and reasons why. My main requirement is sharp crisp photos with true colors.
Nikkor AF-S 60mm Micro 2.8G
Nikkor AF-S 50mm 1.8G
Nikkor AF 50mm 1.8D
Or perhaps the Nikkor AF-D 28-105mm 3.5 - 4.5
Thanks in advance
|Post (hide subjects)
|Posted by
|Nov 26, 2013
|Nov 26, 2013
|Nov 26, 2013
|Nov 27, 2013
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|Nov 28, 2013
|Antz by Deadfisheye
from Animated Film Title
|The Ladder - Fort Worth Museum of Modern Art by RJD13
from Lookin' Up!


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Even though some gardeners spend a lot of time praying over their plants, gardening still doesn't count as a religion. But if it did, Randy Otte would belong to the fundamentalist branch of the church.
On a large Evanston lot that backs onto parkland, Otte has crafted a spectacular garden whose colors and textures evolve through the seasons, a place that welcomes not only Otte's family and friends but also local birds and animals. It's a terrific display of gardening prowess, so lovely and inviting that it took the grand prize in the Chicago Tribune's Glorious Gardens 2000 contest.


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Vanderbilt shooting guard John Jenkins was named the Southeastern Conference's player of the week Monday.
The 6-foot-4 sophomore from Hendersonville scored a career-high 32 points on 11-of-17 shooting from the field, including 6-of-10 from 3-point range in Saturday's 81-77 victory over Kentucky. He also was 4-of-5 from the free-throw line, had three assists, three rebounds and one steal.
His 32 points was the most for a Vanderbilt player against Kentucky since Mike Rhodes had 34 on Jan. 19, 1980. It was also the first 30-point game for a Commodore since A.J. Ogilvy scored 33 two years ago.
Jenkins' career day came less than 40 hours after he scored 20 points in an 81-77 victory over Alabama on Thursday night. The Station Camp grad has scored 20 or more points 14 times this season and leads the SEC in scoring with 19.8 points a game.
His stellar week most likely strengthened his case for SEC player of the year and could have thrust him into the national spotlight. It was his second SEC weekly honor this season.
Both games were nationally televised and he was nominated for the Capital One Cup Impact Performance of the Week. The top four men's basketball clutch performances are chosen and are featured on ESPN and ESPN.com and the winner is determined by fan vote.
But Vanderbilt coach Kevin Stallings wouldn't say if he thought Jenkins was emerging as a national star.
"I'll let the media worry about that. He will still get yelled at in practice Monday," Stallings quipped after Saturday's game. "He's a great team guy. He runs around and shoots and he does his best on defense. That's what makes his success fun to watch. ... He's a great teammate and a great kid."
• VU moves up; Belmont still receiving votes: Vanderbilt moved up five spots in the Associated Press top 25 poll to No. 18. The Commodores (18-6, 6-4 SEC) also went from No. 24 to No. 18 in the ESPN/USA Today coaches poll.
Belmont once again received five votes in the AP Poll. This is the fifth straight week the Bruins (23-4, 15-1 Atlantic Sun) has received votes in either the AP or ESPN/USA Today poll.


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No. 2 miner Rio Tinto and Chinese aluminum giant Chinalco have agreed with Guinea to develop a $20 billion infrastructure project to revive its massive Simandou project by 2020. No start date has been announced, but feasibility studies are pending for Q2 2015; the project requires an extra $7 billion 650-km railway with a $4 billion deep-water port.
Rio estimates the iron-ore mine, one of the world's largest, can produce 100 million tons per year (t/y). Together with the port and rail project, Simandou could double the West African nation's GDP while adding 45,000 local jobs, according to company officials. The International Finance Corp. (IFC), the lending wing of the World Bank, is also a signatory.
Land disagreements, however, could delay production, said analysts of the accord, which covers two of four mining permits in Guinea's southeast. "Mining has the potential to be a game-changer for Guinea," President Alpha Conde said, as quoted by Bloomberg. "This represents our continent's efforts to meet infrastructure challenges."
The government will gain a 7.5% interest in the project upon parliamentary ratification. The deal further allocates a 3.5% royalty to Conakry for exports, while port and rail assets will be surrendered to the government by 2045; once approved, the partners will complete a financing study and development timeline.
Last month, Guinea revoked rights to 50% of the project held by a venture of Vale and Barry Steinmetz's BSG Resources Ltd., alleging corruption. Prior to 2008, however, Rio Tinto held rights to all four blocks. Rio Tinto previously sought to begin production by 2018 and owns 46.6% of the resource; Chinalco owns 41.3%, Guinea 7.5% and the IFC has 4.6%.


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I've purchased more than 250 songs from Apple Computer's iTunes Music Store and probably a few dozen more at other online music stores such as BuyMusic.com, Musicmatch Downloads, Napster, and the RealPlayer Music Store. But these pay-per-play music stores are obviously a passing fad, and the future of online content delivery clearly has nothing to do with ownership of music. We'll soon look back on services such the iTunes Music Store and shake our heads, as we probably do today when discussing black-and-white TV or 8-track cassettes.
Although 99 cents might seem like a reasonable price for one song, it's expensive when you consider the capacity of a 20GB Apple iPod, Dell Digital Jukebox (DJ), or similar portable audio player. To fill up such a device using the iTunes Music Store or a competing service, you'd spend $19,800—more money than I spent on my last car (which, incidentally, I'm still paying off). That cost puts the exorbitant price of an iPod in perspective, doesn't it?
And although you might argue that even 99 cents is a bit high-priced and that downloadable songs should cost 50 cents or less, consider that most of the CDs you've purchased during the past year were far more expensive. Over the years, I've routinely spent $15 to $18 each on hundreds of CDs, raising the cost per song to as much as $2 per song. I've probably spent more than $30,000, therefore, to fill my 20GB Dell DJ. Goodness knows what the total tab is for my CD collection. And let's not forget what my time is worth. After all, I also had to spend the time and effort ripping my entire CD collection.
Let's end this depressing discussion (I can intuitively feel that my wife is upstairs, silently stewing over these money concerns) and look instead at today's partial solution to the problem. Some companies, such as Napster and RealNetworks, offer streaming music services in addition to the more standard online music services. These streaming services, which cost about $10 to $20 a month, offer unlimited, 24 x 7 access to their entire music collections (typically 400,000 to 500,000 songs), which you can stream to your PC. But streaming services have a limitation: You have to be sitting at a PC to take advantage of the service. And if you want to burn a song to CD, each service handles things a bit differently. With Napster Premium, you have to purchase the song (typically at 99 cents); RealNetworks' RealRhapsody service gives you a bit of a discount, offering burnable songs for 79 cents if you're a subscriber.
But why would you want to burn streamed songs to CDs? We're living in the 21st century, after all. For the up-and-coming music lover, portable audio devices are the way to go because they're more portable and less fragile than CD players and can hold far more songs. But that $20,000 price tag to fill them is a bit steep, especially for college students and other music-loving youngsters on a budget. Wouldn't it be nice if you could pay a subscription fee to one of these streaming services and fill your portable device with the streamed music?
Alas, you can't. Indeed, the big weakness of today's streaming music services is that you can't use them to fill portable audio devices. That situation is going to change, however—and soon. When it does, I think we'll see a quick migration away from the iTunes Music Store-style services that offer only downloadable, pay-as-you-go music.
Here's how the streaming services of tomorrow will work: Microsoft is developing an extension of its copy-protection software that will extend the Digital Rights Management (DRM) technology in Windows Media 9 Series to subscription-based services and portable devices. The basic idea is that content will be on a timer. If you pay for your streaming-music subscription through August, your portable device will play any content from that service through August. If you pay through December, you're good to go through December. You just have to connect your device to the PC when it's time to renew the subscription. But you'll probably be connecting all the time, anyway, to download new music.
Why is this functionality important? First, you don't actually buy any music. But you have access to the more than 500,000 songs that these services currently supply. And you can do some fairly amazing things with a portable device. For example, you might instruct Napster to download the top 20 songs for each of the past 25 years. Or you might take advantage of Napster's community features to download all the songs that your friend Bob is listening to. The possibilities are staggering, and companies such as Amazon.com and Virgin Music will soon launch their own music services that are specifically designed to take advantage of this functionality.
Still not convinced? Let's do the math. Let's say you have a 20GB Dell DJ or a similar device. Remember that it would cost $19,800 to $30,000 to fill that device using old-fashioned methods such as buying and ripping CDs or purchasing songs online. How long would it take to spend that much money on a constantly evolving music-subscription service? Even if Napster doubles the cost of Napster Premium to $20 a month, it would take 99 months—more than 8 years—to hit the $19,800 figure. And during that time, your selections would change and grow with your tastes and the release of new music. I think that streaming music services are a no-brainer. In fact, I'm almost positive they'll spell the end of music stores such as the iTunes Music Store unless those services evolve to support the subscription model.
Here's the final nail in the pay-per-song coffin: Stores such as the iTunes Music Store don't actually make any money because record companies demand a high percentage of each sale. The iTunes Music Store is in business only because Apple hopes it will generate more iPod sales, and the company earns a healthy margin on each sale of that overpriced device. Today, streaming services such as Napster Premium and RealRhapsody make more money than their pay-as-you-go brethren, even though they have relatively low subscriber rates. Imagine how good their situation will become when subscriber rates skyrocket as consumers learn about the possibilities of using subscriptions with portable devices. Such demand will drive healthy competition in the market, which will benefit consumers by leading to better services with lower prices.
As innovative and exciting as the iTunes Music Store was a year ago, this year's subscription and portable-device advances will be even more revolutionary. What started as a whimper will quickly evolve into a bang from which all music-loving consumers can benefit. Today is a great time to be a music fan.


text:
Yesterday I discovered media.autoplay.enabled in about:config, set it to false and enjoyed browsing the web without obnoxious autoplay video.
One thing I discovered is YouTube started loadind slowly, if at all, in addition to sites like imgur using .gifv formats giving me the experience of using the internet at 9600 baud.
Today I reset media.autoplay.enabled to true and YouTube is snappy as ever.
Is this a Firefox-only bug?


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Please Write to a Prisoner
Prison is a horrible experience, especially for those who are separated from their loved ones because of a false accusation.
Here is an alphabetical list of a few who are in prison. Perhaps you might send at least one of them a card and a note to let them know they are not forgotten. In cases where the information is available, I've included links to descriptions of their cases.
People sometimes ask me whether they can send gifts to prisoners. In most cases you cannot, but it depends on the rules of the institution. Most prisoners have to buy everything from the prison store or canteen. You can usually send them a little money by postal money order. Some prisons also permit sending personal checks — contact the prison or prisoner for the relevant rules. Books are usually OK if they come from the publisher or distributor. I have sent prisoners books from amazon.com.
Anyway, here is a short list. Let me know about others who should be added, and I will include them.
Not everyone on this list denies their guilt. There are, for example,some who have completed their sentences, pose no threat to society (in my opinion), but who are being held under civil commitment. Some have been true friends to the innocent in prison. Yet others have been recommended to me by friends but I have not had the time to investigate personally.
Since becoming involved in this struggle, I have learned that our criminal-justice system is cruel and unfair to the guilty as well as the innocent.
Joseph Lee Allen #A293-486
Grafton Correctional Institution
2500 South Avon Beldon Road
Grafton, Ohio 44044-9802
Bruce Craft
Wheeler Correctional Facility
1100 North Broad Street
Alamo GA 30411
Timothy C. Davis
Death Row
Holman 3700, 9-U-5
Atmore, AL 36503
Charles Fedora 86D0066
Elmira Correctional Facility
PO Box 500
Elmira, NY 14901-0500
Gunther Fiek
Dooley State Prison
P. O. Box 750
Unadilla, GA, 31091-0750
Sending Money to Gunther
Francisco Fuster-Escalona
DeSoto Annex
13617 S.W. Highway 70
Arcadia FL 34266-7800
Robert C. Halsey
Shirley MA 01464
Money orders only
Roger Jelinek #93-A-4201
Upstate Correctional Facility
P.O. Box 2001
Malone, New York 12953
Timothy Johnston
Clinton Correctional Facility
Dannemora NY 12929
Gerald Lee
TDC# 784007 Terrell Unit
12002 FM 350 South
Livingston TX 77351
Paul Litchfield
NCCI Gardner
500 Colony Road
PO Box 466
Gardner, MA 01440
Mark Loomer
TDC #711980 Wynne Unit
Huntsville TX 77349
Gordon J. MacRae
P.O. Box 14 – No. 67546
Concord, NH 03302-0014
Felito Mendoza
Box 246, C-A1-059
Graterford PA 19426-0246
Alfred Mower
Gouverneur Correctional Facility
112 Scotch Settlement Road
P.O. Box 370
Gouverneur, New York 13642-0370
Elsie Oscarson
T80574 (West Unit)
P. O. Box 9007
Framingham, MA 01704-9007
Postal Money Orders Only
Kenneth Bruce Perkins
(Bruce Perkins)
#647327 Powledge Unit
Palestine, Texas 75803
Albert Rogers
30 Administration Road
Bridgewater MA 02324
Darlie Lynn Routier
2305 Ransom Road
Gatesville, Texas 76528
Nathan Slaton Z-520
Hollman Correctional Facility
Holman 3700 – 3-D-8
Atmore, Alabama 36503-3700
Michael Taylor Z-549
Cell 9-U-2
Holman Unit 3700
Atmore, Alabama 36503-3700
Phillip W. Tomlin
#235217 Holman Box 3700
Dorm E-8
Atmore, AL 36503