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The Promise of Enterprise Cities
Article at a glance
- The process of globalization and increased rates of urbanization are forcing countries to rethink their approach to economic policy.
- Widespread reluctance to implement comprehensive reforms and burdensome legal and regulatory regimes are impediments to economic growth and entrepreneurship.
- Enterprise Cities, akin to free trade zones, are one possible solution to this problem. These are special jurisdictions with investor-friendly legal and regulatory policies that create the pre-conditions for entrepreneurship and stimulate competition-based growth.
All around the world hundreds of millions, if not billions, of people are moving from the countryside to cities. In India alone, over the next 30 years, it is estimated that 500 million people will move, and anywhere between 200 and 500 new cities will need to be built. The infrastructure demand alone, some $57 trillion is far greater than governments by themselves can afford. Somehow the private sector is going to have to be encouraged to fill the gap. Otherwise these new cities will be slums rather than environments of hope and opportunity.
At the same time, many groups are coming up with the idea of building new cities which are not only new physical constructions but whose soft infrastructure — governance and regulatory mechanisms — are also new. For decades, Free Trade Zones have existed around the world and have protected those who work in them from the corrosive effect of bad governance and distorting legal and regulatory systems in poorer countries. More recently, special economic zones in China have gone several steps beyond mere Free Trade Zones. In 1997 when Hong Kong reverted to Chinese rule, it did so as a Special Administrative Region (SAR). This allowed it to have its own legal and regulatory environment — so-called one country, two systems. In Dubai, financial regulation was essentially cleared to allow a completely new and advanced set of financial services regulations to be in place.
How Did We Get Here?
When the Berlin Wall fell, and the economies that had struggled under soviet control were freed to transition from command and control to market economies, we believed that the free market democratic system had triumphed over the communist/socialist one. We believed that the great historic struggle between state-led economies and free market ones was over, and would be only a museum piece for our children. In Latin America, in September 1992, the apertura took place, opening markets from decades of import substitution. The 1990s also saw China transition towards a market economy, and India drop decades of protectionism and socialist control. However, the overall story was a little more complicated.
In truth, the Washington Consensus of economic reform missed one vital ingredient — competitive markets inside the border. Conventional wisdom was that if borders were opened up, competition would automatically follow. But conventional wisdom was wrong because it neglected the impact of anti-competitive market distortions - government rules, regulations and practices that were hangovers from the days of import substitution or command and control economies (termed Anti-Competitive Market Distortions [ACMDs]). The gatekeepers of the economy benefited from these and preserved or increased their anti-competitive, monopolistic power. Consumers did not see the benefits of competition, and reacted against the whole system of liberalization and globalization. Sometimes this was manifested in a very dramatic way, in Venezuela and Argentina for example, and sometimes in a less dramatic but equally pernicious way in increasing calls in developed countries to soften the rough edges of capitalism. The Washington Consensus fell into discredit, but for all the wrong reasons. Rather than fill in the missing plank of the Consensus by enacting laws, policies and developing international disciplines to promote competitive markets, countries began to dismantle the Consensus in its entirety, allowing elites and vested interest groups to warp the economic and regulatory system to their own ends. As always, it was the poor who suffered the most.
Even if states had the political will to drive competition through all their laws, rules and governance, now the problem is that this second generation of reforms (labor market flexibility, competitive regulatory systems in the newly privatized industries and so on) are much more difficult to push through because those who oppose that agenda were made much more powerful because of the lack of competition. The trade agenda in the WTO has stalled as countries adopt more and more mercantilist mindsets. Even getting meaningful disciplines on behind the border barriers have proved to be exceedingly difficult. The conventional tools seem to offer no way out of recession, stagnation and unemployment, and the radical promise of the 1990s seems to have fizzled.
The Trust Problem
Because of this network of behind the border barriers and ACMDs in emerging and developing markets, foreign investors and traders do not trust the investment and regulatory environment. They don't trust the governance structure. While it is certainly true that the state is too powerful in many developing/emerging markets — especially in those that emerged from the command and control of the former Soviet sphere—ironically, in many countries, the problem is not that the state is too strong but rather it is too weak to stand up against the forces of incumbents and elite groups who seek to change the regulatory environment to benefit their businesses, or to hang on to gains which have arisen as a result of a distorted market. This is particularly true in countries that had a private sector, but protected it through import substitution or other methods of protectionism. In these countries, the separation between the government acting on behalf of all the people, representing consumer welfare in the economic sense, and certain benefited elite groups is vanishingly small. Many of these dominant elites seek to perpetuate the network of ACMDs as their revenues depend on them. These rent seekers, who deprive consumers of the benefits of a consumer welfare enhancing market equilibrium overpower their governments as they control banking, media and other sectors. These potent economic forces block economic growth because for economic growth to occur, an open trading environment, competitive markets and strong protection of property rights (including intangible ones) is a vital pre-requisite. This is precisely why it is so difficult for governments in developing countries to engage in so-called second generation or regulatory reforms, even though the need for them is obvious, and the pathway to them is relatively clear.
Enterprise Cities teach entrepreneurship to millions who now have the environment in which to take risk.
A Way Out
In this rapidly changing environment, scholars have also looked at alternate governance mechanisms — Paul Romer, in 2009, then at Stanford and now at the Stern Business School in New York coined the term charter cities.These are intended to be cities which were governed by a charter (rather like a charter school). Romer recognized the governance and regulatory problem and proposed a solution by applying a developed country's rules to the developing country's charter city. In an August, 2010 article in the National Review, Ken Hagerty and Newt Gingrich proposed the idea of free cities. Libertarian groups wary of government have developed ideas of zones free of government influence of all kinds. Generally when multiple people have similar versions of the same idea, it is a good indication that the idea's time has arrived.
Some governments have also embraced some of these ideas. One good example is the Honduran government which has developed its own idea of model cities. The Honduran concept, known as ZEDEs (Zones of Economic Development and Employment) has been passed into law, both in the form of a Constitutional Amendment, and a Constitutional Statute. The Amendment passed almost unanimously — a great step for a provision that for some would seem to limit the government's sovereign power. The Supreme Court in Honduras had found the amendment and legislation to be unconstitutional, but the project was itself altered last year and rendered more likely to pass constitutional muster.
At Babson Global, we have established the Competitiveness and Enterprise Development Project (CED Project) which is designed to promote the idea of Enterprise Cities – which are zones of regulatory autonomy in countries governed by a public-private partnership in the form of a Board. We seek to use these cities to create the pre-conditions of entrepreneurship, without which no amount of teaching will succeed. We see a conveyor belt of entrepreneurship starting with Enterprise Cities and ultimately leading to Centers of Entrepreneurial Leadership around the world teaching entrepreneurship to millions who now have the environment in which to take risk. Our first exposure to these ideas was in 2008 for a proposed city in the Middle East. We have also been privileged to work with a forward looking Honduran government on its proposals, and have discussed the potential benefits to Honduras of such a program with members of the Honduran Congress and civil society.
We are now negotiating with a number of governments for these Enterprise Cities, which will truly be communities of the future. Governments in emerging markets are interested in this idea, partly because they know that reform is necessary, and they have also faced the power of the vested interest groups who oppose competition and reform. They see Enterprise Cities as a way of having a zone with the kind of governance and economic/regulatory system that will stimulate competition-based growth that might act as a demonstration model to show their people what non-zero sum growth actually looks like. Naturally they are interested in the revenue stream from the profit share, but more than that, they are interested in the wider economic benefits and potential increase in investment and employment effects throughout the country. These governments know what a number of foreign investors and global capital facing companies have learned painfully over the last two decades — that reform is hard, and has been made more difficult because the first generation reforms of the 1990s did such a woefully bad job of promoting competitive markets inside borders. Those who were direct beneficiaries of the ACMDs we refer to above have become so powerful that they are able to stall the second generation reforms that are so needed in these countries. Couple this with general bureaucratic inertia, and generalized resistance to change, and real reform which goes beyond window dressing is all but impossible. Real reform must yield results.
Solving the Trust Problem
For these projects to be successful, investors need to be sure of two things: first, that the regulatory environment is indeed the best possible, maximizing trade openness, and property rights protection (including intangible property rights) with competitive markets inside the border delivering competition on the merits as the organizing economic principle. Second, investors, traders and other participants in these Cities of the Future must be assured that the host government will not intervene in ways that damage property rights, competitive markets and open trade. The PRC government had the same thing to prove just before the hand-over of Hong Kong in 1997. They did this very successfully by creating the Basic Law of Hong Kong which enshrined the principle of non-interference. At the time, some investors doubted whether the PRC would really leave Hong Kong alone, and withdrew or minimized their exposure. But the vast majority did not, and the signal to the foreign investment community that the Basic Law represented worked wonderfully well, allowing Hong Kong not only to survive but to thrive.
These two objectives can be achieved by governments and developers who join together in a public private partnership to create these cities. They must agree on a Regulatory Framework Agreement that will set out the regulatory system, and the process of continuing regulation and law making. We envisage the governance aspects of this process taking the form of a Joint Development Board consisting of representation from both government and the developer. The board will delegate management to a city administrator and establish a system of dispute resolution so that foreign investors (and also domestic ones) trust the governance, legal and regulatory environment.
The benefit to the developer group is that this type of environment will match the pent up demand for good regulatory environments from companies that have large amounts of cash on balance sheets but are not certain of where they can successfully deploy it. The result will be zones where the land value will rapidly increase and the developer can capture that land value increase in a number of ways. We also envisage a profit share with the host government so that there are both carrots and sticks to align the incentives of the host government. Residents will be incentivized through the job creation that takes place in the zone and will eventually form a Residents' Council.
Such a concept is not without precedent. Hong Kong, Dubai and other modern cities are examples of this type of approach, but the reality is that the city state has been the predominant way that human societies have structured themselves, and the powerful nation state a relatively new innovation.
Such a concept is now being talked about in countries as diverse as Serbia, Honduras, and Morocco.
In order to launch such a project, there are certain pre-requisites. First, you need a developer who is committed and has an emotional connection to the country. Second, the developer must have land that can be used for the project. Unfortunately, in many countries this represents a near insurmountable obstacle, as use of eminent domain means a project designed to free people from government distortions is born in a kind of original sin of a government taking. Third, you need a government that recognizes the benefits to its reform agenda and to its own economic plan of such a designation of regulatory autonomy and is willing to confront its own challenges by thinking outside the box. Finally, you would need a good external infrastructure connecting the proposed Enterprise City with the rest of the country. There are countries which satisfy one or two of these prerequisites, but few that satisfy all of them.
These cities will also generate the pre-conditions necessary to stimulate something which countries around the world are recognizing is vital to their economic development — entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial companies in their early (3-5 years out) growth phase are massive economic engines, generating employment opportunities for the country. They also tend to be very innovative companies, satisfying another stated goal of countries around the world. It is easy to talk about stimulating entrepreneurship, and the data suggests that governments that develop funds to stimulate entrepreneurship simply generate a lot of start-ups, many of which fail in the same year they are created. This does no good for a national economy. However, to generate entrepreneurship, governments need to pay attention to the regulatory framework. They need to ensure that the business environment is not, as it often is in emerging markets, skewed in favor of the incumbent companies, and tilted against insurgents. By promoting competition on the merits as an organizing economic principle, the right conditions for a level playing field will be achieved.
It is clear that the idea of an Enterprise City is coming. All a country needs is a visionary administration and group of lawmakers. The liberated private sector will do the rest, transforming countries which struggle with poverty and desperation into havens of hope and opportunity. Like globalization, whether you like them or not, there is an inexorable economic logic to enterprise cities that will not long be resisted. Somewhere, somehow their time has come.
For additional resources and updates, please visit www.enterprisecities.com
As the Managing Director of the Competitiveness and Enterprise Development Project at Babson Global, Shanker A. Singham brings with him a wealth of experience in trade, competition and regulatory systems. He is one of the most experienced, and well known international trade and competition lawyers in the world, having authored the leading text book on the subject of trade, competition and regulatory frameworks. He has lectured, written and spoken extensively, including over one hundred articles and book chapters. He has led the market access practices of two prominent law firms most recently a top ten global law firm, Squire Sanders and he has represented multinational companies and governments. He is a cleared advisor to the United States Trade Representative and Department of Commerce, and is a Non-Government Advisor to the International Competition Network. He has also been a senior trade and economics advisor to a number of political candidates including Democratic Governors Lawton Chiles and Buddy McKay of Florida as well as Governor Mitt Romney's Presidential campaigns in 2008 and 2012. He is currently hosting a speaker series on the Moral Case for Liberalized Trade, Competition on the Merits and property Rights protection.
Shanker has his Masters and Undergraduate degrees in Chemistry from the University of Oxford, and postgraduate legal degrees in both the UK and US, having spent his early career working on the privatizations and development of competition laws in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe with a prominent City of London law firm, and then in Latin America working on the apertura. Shanker is a life member of the Council on Foreign Relations and founded the Roundtable in 1997 as a way of promoting the notion of free trade, competitive markets and property rights protection around the world, having learned the lessons of the openings in the former Soviet sphere, Latin America and China and India's re-insertion into the global economy.
The views expressed by the author are his own and do not necessarily represent the views of the Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE). CIPE grants permission to reprint, translate, and/or publish original articles from its Economic Reform Feature Service provided that (1) proper attribution is given to the original author and to CIPE and (2) CIPE is notified where the article is placed and a copy is provided to CIPE's Washington office.
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Are you ready to expand your boating
knowledge and skills? America's Boating Course will be presented beginning
Monday, August 14, 2017 from 7-9 PM and continue for an additional six
weeks on Monday nights. This program, presented over seven evenings by the
St Petersburg Sail and Power Squadron, is available to anyone 12 or older.
It covers Required Safety Equipment, Boat Handling, Rules of the Road,
Navigation Aids, Anchoring, Adverse Conditions, Communications,
Trailering, PWC Operation, Knots and Lines, Introduction to Charts and
more. This is an essential course for all boaters. Graduates qualify for a
Florida Boating Safety Education ID Card and may qualify for insurance
When: Beginning Monday, August 14, 2017, 7-9 PM and continuing for an
additional six Monday evenings.
Where: St Petersburg Sailing Center, 250 2nd Ave. SE, Demens Landing, St
Petersburg FL.
Cost: Instruction is Free, Materials $40 per Family. Maximum of 20
students. Pre-registration required.
Contact: Register on-line at www.boating-stpete.org.

subset: commoncrawl


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Just as some St Lucians, in pronouncing their own language, can wander from G to D, as in glo and dlo, others confuse the pronunciation of G, gee, and J, jay, when spelling words, which is something to bear in mind when reading this a-musing.
The Government Information Service was, as its name declared, a conduit for information that the government felt should be disseminated among the populace. I believe, though I may be wrong, that I have had dealings with every director, or acting director, of the service through the years due to my passion for education. What, after all, is education if not the provision and possible transfer of information?
From the very start, an unpleasant, irritating suspicion has constantly nagged at my mind that the GIS, rather than dealing with Information, was actually disseminating Government propaganda. It was never a question of proving the information the people needed, but rather making sure the populace were fed the information the government of the day decided they needed to have. The government had to be made to look good, which is quite a different matter altogether from disseminating information.
Of course, the fact that each new government got rid of the GIS head and replaced it with one of their own choosing did nothing to allay my suspicions. It looked suspiciously like appointing a mouthpiece of choice: the ultimate Yes-man.
In addition, the Service was always at the beck and call of Ministers eager for exposure. The limited number of cameramen, technicians and reporters meant that if the Minister for Corruption & Bribery, or any other minister, needed coverage, all other coverage stopped for the day.
The month of December, and most of November too, could easily have been erased from the calendar as far as program production was concerned. The GIS was on stand-by for Xmas Greetings & Messages due to the misguided belief among our politicians that the festive season would be ruined for their constituents if they did not receive Christmas Greetings, broadcast nationwide, from their constituency representatives.
I know from personal experience that GIS teams spent many a fruitless hour – perhaps even days – waiting upon busy, busy ministers who were just too busy to get their greetings down on paper; camera shoots were cancelled; appointments were missed; everything was last-minute and chaotic. And you know what? Nobody would have really cared if the ministers had got on with their busy, busy schedules and got their busy, busy work done, and let the GIS function as it was meant to.
And now the GIS has gone to media-heaven – GISRIP – and has been replaced by what, to some, must seem the most cumbersome, illogical, dysfunctional, and cost-ineffective mash-up ever envisioned, sober, inebriated, or high. Ministries will have their own production teams, which means, if these production teams are to function as complete, independent units, a massive increase in office space, transport equipment, cameramen, scriptwriters, producers and editors. These different teams will, of necessity, have to vie for airtime on the television and radio arms of the National Broadcasting Network, which will require a strong central organization to deal with these competing entities. The potential for squabbling is mindboggling.
Then there's the interesting aspect of the radio arm of the NBN surviving on income from advertising and the television arm being banned from accepting advertising, and being compelled to live off government subsidies and handouts. The new head of NBN, the head of the ersatz GIS, will have to be a strong person with lots of experience in juggling personalities. From what I've heard, the person they have in mind – let's not fool ourselves that the job has been open to honest and fair competition – has no experience in an undertaking of this magnitude, but does have a nice voice, a good smile and, quite possibly, the right political leanings.
But there's really no need to worry about the success or failure of the NBN. After all, in reality, GIS has already been replaced by JIS, the Jadia Information Service, the real mouthpiece of the government of St Lucia, who is never at a loss for words of praise about her wonderful boss and his inspirational leadership. Now that's the sort of Real Information a country needs.


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Robert Downey, Jr., Iron Man 2, and Randy's Donuts in Los AngelesWednesday, May 12th, 2010
I haven't done a full review of Randy's Donuts in Los Angeles yet. Believe me, I will. I have a LOT to say about this Southern California institution and will undoubtedly refer to it often. I lived in Southern California for almost a dozen years and to this day, their Apple Fritter is the benchmark against which all others are judged. But that is a footnote about their actual product. Today's post is about the architectural landmark which has become such an iconic symbol in so many movies, most recently, Iron Man 2.
All things considered, it is pretty cool to me that the main character of Tony Stark, despite his superhuman suit, still maintains the same basic needs and desires that we all have after an insane night — the ubiquitous morning-after craving for sugar. In Los Angeles, there is no better location than Randy's; well, technically in Inglewood. Randy's Donuts has the advantage of lying directly off the 405 Freeway, en route to LAX Airport. It is open 24 hours and when I fly to Los Angeles, it is usually my last stop before I fly home (it is expected that I will always bring home samples).
The building dates back to 1952 and is clearly earmarked with a giant, two-story donut replica which sits on top of the tiny structure in which all the goodies are prepared. In Iron Man 2, Robert Downey, Jr.'s character, Tony Stark actually sits inside the name branded, inedible glazed edifice. That's pretty darn cool. The viewers get the classic juxtaposition of a sixty-year-old landmark, hearkening back to a golden age of Hollywood with the action-packed, futuristic cockiness and breathlessly exciting, tongue-in-cheek frivolity.
Iron Man2 is certainly not the only time Randy's Donuts have been showcased in a film. Last year, in the film 2012, John Cusack's character, Jackson Curtis ran the gauntlet of world destruction, highlighted by the famous sphere rolling in a cataclysmic path. There was something delightful in seeing everything in and around Los Angeles being completely demolished, but somehow this giant donut rolled, unscathed, to some form of eternal safety. At least that is what I would like to believe and that's the story I'm sticking to…


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Business council official seeks nomination
Published 1:00 am, Saturday, May 3, 2014
STAMFORD -- Hubbard Heights resident Caroline Simmons is jumping into politics with a run for the state House of Representatives in central Stamford's 144th District. Simmons is looking to unseat Republican incumbent Michael Molgano, who has represented the district since 2010.
She announced her candidacy Friday in a series of campaign stops across the district.
"I believe strongly in public service and giving back to the community you live in," Simmons said. "I care deeply about the issues in this district."
Simmons, a program specialist for the Women's Business Development Council, said education, the economy and public safety would be her main focuses if elected to the state General Assembly. Her work at the council has opened her eyes to the challenges small business owners face in Stamford, she said.
"I would support an initiative that allows any new business to start in Stamford and not have to pay taxes for the first five years," Simmons said. "I really want to be a proponent for small businesses -- helping them get access to capital and the training they need -- especially women, minority and veteran-owned small businesses."
Simmons, who grew up in Greenwich, spent the past five years in Washington, D.C., where she worked in counterterrorism and Middle Eastern policy in the federal Department of Homeland Security. She moved to Stamford in August.
"Working at the Department of Homeland Security in Washington, D.C., for 4 1/2 years really was an invaluable experience that gave me substantial insight into state and local needs," Simmons said. "I was fortunate to be able to work on issues at the national level that affected Connecticut."
While at DHS, Simmons worked on President Barack Obama's Plan to Reduce Gun Violence, which bolsters shooter response training for law enforcement agencies across the country. The experience strengthened her commitment to gun-control legislation and school security. She said she is a strong supporter of Connecticut's gun control law passed after the Sandy Hook Elementary School shootings in Newtown.
"I know some people are calling for its repeal, but I fully support the continuation of that bill and a bill that would increase penalties against gun traffickers," Simmons said. "I know how to get things done to support state and local needs, and I want to bring that experience to the state legislature."
If elected to represent the 144th, Simmons said she would seek to join the General Assembly's Transportation, Public Safety and Education committees. She would use her position on the Transportation Committee to seek infrastructure project funding through state-private partnerships.
"I would look at Long Ridge and High Ridge roads," Simmons said. "I've been hearing concerns from constituents about traffic issues, potholes and the need for bike-friendly paths."
Although she's only been in Stamford since August, Simmons said she is committed.
"I specifically chose to live and work in Stamford because I wanted to make a difference here and I care deeply about the issues that affect the 144th District, specifically," she said. "I think I would bring a lot of energy and fresh new perspective to the district."
Simmons has raised a total of $6,165 through individual contributions. Sixty-one percent of the 255 people who have contributed are Stamford residents.
City Rep. Matthew Quinones, D-16, is also running for the Democratic nomination in the district and has raised $4,000 from individual contributors, 96 percent of which reside in Stamford. Quinones works for the Stamford Public Education Foundation, where he developed a program that pairs volunteer mentors with middle- and high-school students.
"I'm excited for the opportunity to run for state representative," Quinones said in an email. "Being born and raised in Stamford I'm aware of the challenges our city faces and look forward to speaking with neighbors and community leaders about how we can improve our quality of life through state legislation."
Democratic City Committee members who live in the 144th will meet May 22 to choose a candidate. DCC Chairman John Mallozzi said both candidates are well qualified to represent Stamford.
"Caroline is a very good lady and has the right background," he said. "Matt Quinones is also a very good candidate. ...We're going to win with either one of them in November."
Molgano said in February that he welcomes his Democratic opponents and looks forward to the campaign.
"The state still needs to get out of the debt we're in, and we have to have people up there making sure we're doing the right thing," he said. "I want to be in that fight -- doing the right thing for the people of Connecticut, and specifically, the people of Stamford."
email@example.com; 203-964-2263; http://twitter.com/kcarliniking


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|Oracle FAQ
|Your Portal to the Oracle Knowledge Grid
Home -> Community -> Mailing Lists -> Oracle-L -> AQ Notification Callback in OCI
Dear List,
We have business requirement to notify all application users regarding to the changes in one of the tables.
To implement this feature we've decided to use AQ Notification Callback in OCI. I have prepared small proof of concept application that uses dbms_aq.post function to post into an anonymous queue (DBMS_AQ.NAMESPACE_ANONYMOUS). As I understood from documentation and different notes (and confirmed it during tests), we don't need to create queue to use anonymous queue, because messages are passed directly to the EMN process via memory and this process sends messages directly to clients using tcp/ip protocol.
Our proof of concept application works fine and we are thinking about implementing this feature in our application, so I decided to check, maybe we are missing something.
My question is what was the purpose for creating this type of queues in Oracle? Has somebody used AQ Notification Callbacks? Maybe there are some kinds of hidden problems when using Notification Callbacks?
-- Best regards, Edgar Chupit callto://edgar.chupit -- http://www.freelists.org/webpage/oracle-lReceived on Tue Sep 06 2005 - 06:43:35 CDT
Original text of this message


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I don't have a lot of feminist friends, at least not the kind that self-identify as such. My non-academic friends don't see themselves as feminists, don't call themselves feminist, don't all the way understand my relationship with the term. They spend a lot of time trying to resist myths around being black and a woman and don't have the energy or motivation to also resist myths of feminism, of bra burning white women who hate men and stand in picket lines. Of black women who understand the theoretical nexus of their lives and initiatives that connect them to "the cause" but become disconnected from movements close to home.
Feminism as a term was born in academe, in an environment that polices people's behaviors to dictate who can and cannot be feminist and what is and is not feminist. Feminism as a way of life was born at my mama's house, in a space that made woman power and intentional equality a survival strategy and mechanism to make up for oppression, the absence of men, and lifestyles that were without the luxury of adhering to strict gender scripts.
I learned feminism from my mama and them, rural women who did not have the benefit of formal college education or fancy words for how they lived. They would have no doubt, by strict standards, in the vulnerable moments of their lives that were necessary for sanity and survival, been called unfeminist while the world called them unfeminine. They would have had little investment in either label, learning from experience how dangerous it is to let outside people dictate your inside thoughts. They would have been resented for the way they were conditioned to desire men and canonical lifestyles while being mama and daddy, bringing home all the bacon, with multiple mouths to feed. Their lifestyles were feminist but their dreams and desires, of being kept women with white women's problems, would have been read as problematic. They would have rebelled because they wouldn't let a label like feminist tell them what to do. They wouldn't give a damn what people thought.
I learned/realized I was a feminist from a teacher who described my mama without saying her name, gave her secrets away without giving her credit, and put struggling on a pedestal. We didn't have pedestals at my mama's house but we had stools to stand on and sit on, for work and rest. Feminism was like a metaphorical stepping stool.
I got my feminism from my mama, even though she doesn't know it. And my grandmother. And my aunts. They had a feminism that would fight back and hide behind the mask of smiles or scorn. My mama's feminism was wrapped up in God and respectability politics she could never live up to. My grandmama's feminism was housed in her meanness and caution. She carried it with her for emergencies and for protection, like the cigarettes in her pocket and the gun in her bra. My aunts held their feminism in their laughter and occasional anger. They used it to cover up pain. They didn't know they were feminists. They didn't mean to pass it on to me but they couldn't help it.
My mama's feminism is inherited but unnamed. She taught me how to own my feminism like I own myself. She taught me how to be a feminist by being herself.
My feminism needs space to breathe and room to stretch out. My feminism never gets old. It is quiet sometimes. It listens to hip hop and gospel music, watches soap operas, and likes to be heard. My feminism shows up in the bedroom and the classroom. It asks for what it wants, doesn't apologize for what it needs, and isn't afraid of being alone. My feminism is androgynous. It loves football. My feminism is soulful and historic, sexual and conscientious. It is standoffish and suspicious. My feminism needs to drink more water.
My feminism has daddy issues. It talks back, snaps back, hits back, and doesn't take any shit. My feminism kicks ass and takes names. My feminism says no. My feminism cries sometimes and doesn't cover its eyes in shame. It gets mad sometimes and doesn't try to explain it away. My feminism is peaceful in practice but ready for combat. My feminism is in conversation with other feminisms and makes room for difference. My feminism takes mental health days and moves on when people walk away. My feminism loves Jesus and critiques the church, wears black fingernail polish and red lipstick, and loves reality TV. My feminism is homegrown. Evolving. Unapologetic. And beautiful. My feminism is opinionated. It questions everything. My feminism is not always right, but it's never wrong. My feminism gets tired. My feminism is antiracist, antisexist, and conscious of class issues. My feminism knows what misogyny means. It takes days off. It tells people off.
My feminism, like my mama, is braver than me, stronger than me, and keeps me grounded. My feminism, like me, is complicated and full of contradictions.
My feminism is crunk.
My feminism has dreams.


text:
|Open Reel Tape Media All aspects of tape itself; quality, characteristics, experiences, use and storage.
|Thread Tools
|Display Modes
EE reel to reel tapes
Guys, can you get me a list of EE tape makers with list of EE tapes? Thank you!
Maxell, Basf and TDK. Akai also remarked Maxell tape as "Akai".
Maxell - XLII
Basf - LP35 "EE"
Akai - EE-150
Well all EE tapes have been out of production for ≈20 years now. It was a tape that never really took off and as far as I know, there were only three makers of it: Maxell with the XLII (last one available), TDK with an SA, and BASF had one as well but the model # escapes my memory at the moment. There was also an Akai branded EE tape complete with Akai reel with EE emblem stamped on it. However it was merely XLII tape in disguise. So it wasn't really "another" brand.
Very thanks for the answers guys!
The general feeling I'm getting on these forums regarding EE tape is confusing. It seems that most r2r users think that EE tape isn't as good as "standard" tape, or that the "Extra Efficiency" is barely noticeable. Does anybody actually prefer EE tape, and is happy to pay the premium for it?
I see that TDK supplied their excellent "SA" tape on quarter-inch...on a revealing enough system, I would have thought it "spinetingling".I'm sure most of us are aware what a difference SA was/is to AD in the cassette world, so surely, it would be amazing at 7.5 or 15ips.
So could somebody tell Me if I'm right in thinking that EE tapes are CrO2 formulation...And My Akai "wide range" switch is specifically for CrO2?
Thanks in advance
Is is difficult, if it is not a simple way not to accept that Japanese have not only come to an international level but were leading.
Both the older A77 and B77 or STUDER machines were not capable of recording on EE.
In cassette tape, the Japanese were best, with 7 multilayer metal.
Anyway, not only Studer preferred conventional tapes in open reel (however they produced cassette decks capable of any type of tape), most brands chose just the ferric tapes.
You can NOT use EE tape (properly anyway) on any deck that does not specifically SAY EE. Many decks over the years had a number of bias/eq settings like "Low Noise", "Wide Range", "LHI", "Hi Output", etc. Those are all great for trying to figure out the cacaphony of which CONVENTIONAL tape to use. But again. I want to reiterate. If you do NOT see the specific designation of "EE", it is NOT an "EE" deck.
If TDK were using the same tape of varying width on their SA reels and in their SA cassettes then does'nt that mean they are both CrO2?
If "EE" isn't CrO2, what is it's formulation? Were there ever any "metal" tapes, or R2R's capable of playing them?
So on My little Akai GX4000D...when do I use the "low noise/wide range" switch? Is it like a bias switch on a tape deck, and sets up the machine for a certain type/formulation, or is it giving Me the choice of wide range with hiss, or low noise with reduced treble?
There never were metal-particle reel tapes; in the 1930s there was a machine called the Blattnerphone which used 6.25 mm steel tape though.
If the GX4000D is anything like my GX 630 D the 'low noise/wide range' switch alters the recording equalisation somewhat, not the bias.
EE was championed by TDK, Maxell, Teac and Akai during the early 1980's.Otari, ReVox, Studer, Lyrec, Nagra, Stellavox, and Tandberg didn't manufacture machines using EE tape. Advantages were said to be better slower speed performance at 3 3/4 IPS. Advantage wasn't realized fully. This idea would have likely been successful if the timing had been 10 years earlier. By 1980, cassettes took over for most home use and the open reel market for home use was dwindling to a small cadre of enthusiasts like me.
EE tape
The EE tape type was clearly intended for low speed consumer recording. It was a type 2 tape, equivalent to type 2 cassettes. BASF used a true CrO2 particle, & Maxell & TDK used ferricobalt equivalent (FeCo).
Obviously, EE was never aimed towards the pro/semipro market. For 1 thing, all 3 brands of EE were only offered in 1.0 mil thickness, the choice for home recording. Pro & semipro users bought 1.5 mil thickness. This reduces print through & has less tendency to stretch/break, important at high winding speeds w/ 10.5 in reels.
Also, only the BASF brand of EE tape offered back coating. TDK & Maxell did not offer back coating on their EE tapes, but did on their ferric oxide conventional tapes. The ferric tapes offered back coating as well as the 1.5 mil thickness, clearly aiming for pro use.
All multitrack & high speed (7.5/15/30 ips, half track) mastering decks I've ever seen or heard of did not offer EE capability. All EE decks were low speed (3.75/7.5 ips), quarter track. Again, this tells us that EE was a consumer format.
Still, EE was a good idea. I agree w/ a previous poster that had it been brought out 10 yrs. sooner, it may have had a bigger impact. It did what it claimed. The FeCo or CrO2 tape could accept higher hf levels before saturating, i.e. better hf headroom. On playback, the eq time constants were lower (less treble boost) resulting in higher s/n ratio. Tests confirmed that EE at 3.75 ips could match ferric at 7.5 ips. NAB eq for 7.5 ips was 50 usec, & for 3.75 ips it was 90 usec. EE eq was 35/50 usec for 7.5/3.75 ips resp.
So home recording of LP records for preservation could be done at half the speed. This not only saves tape cost, but head wear is greatly reduced. At twice the speed, the drag force on the head is twice. Also, twice the length of tape passes over the heads at higher speed. So the head wear is 4 times greater at twice the speed. Also, playing times are extended.
The downside to half speed EE recording is that hf loss due to azimuth error is greater at 3.75 ips by 4 times (vs. 7.5 ips). Also, wow & flutter at 3.75 is greater, EE type not being able to correct for these issues. Still, EE provided some substantial benefits. If brought to the market in 1970 (instead of 1980), it would have likely caught on.
At high speeds, ferric oxide is the better choice. At low speeds, CrO2, FeCo, & metal have higher saturation levels, i.e. MRL/MOL. Ferric oxide actually has lower distortion than all others until MOL is reached. The ferric MOL is lower than the others at low speed.
But at high speed the MOL is very well above 0 dB, so that ferric gives lowest distortion levels. Also, hf losses at high speeds are slight w/ ferric, but great at low speeds. EE can do quite well at 7.5 ips, & a little better at 15 ips. But 15 ips is where premium mastering tapes like 3M 250/226, Ampex 456, etc. really shine. At 3.75, these mastering tapes are quite poor, as they are optimized for high speed.
Did this help at all? Comments/questions welcome.
Now, that's a comprehensive opening post! Thanks for the information you have provided. For a few beginners to R2R, as myself, it's nice to be able to lean on some of the others for advice.
Welcome aboard!
BASF actually used chrome "EE" tape in half-inch and 1-inch widths as LPR 921 Bin Master tape for the professional duplication market. The master tape that fed duplicator slaves recording cassette pancakes was originally a ferric tape. If the recording of the master were at 7.5 ips, the sound from the master was quite good; but if the master were recorded on ferric tape at 3.75 ips, there was the typical loss of SOL. The chrome 921 Bin Master gave a far superior performance at 3.75 ips in terms of SOL, and the recordings from those masters showed a noticeable improvement in terms of sound quality. The 921 ran in the bin at 300 ips, so wow and flutter and azmuth were not a problem! It was a concept that was beginning to take off until Concept Design developed a digital bin loaded with solid-state memory. The improvement with the digital bin recording onto analogue tape was dramatic; and the tape, both ferric and chrome, could take another 2-3 dB of signal without any increase in distortion because the peaks were much cleaner and free of modulation skirts that drove do much useless energy. Warner Brothers (WEA) promoted the use of digital bins and analogue cassette tape as "Digilog" cassettes.
So the EE tape did not die a quick death--it lingered as a bin master tape for a few years in the late 80's, early 90's.
The higher speed does not mitigate azimuth misalignment issues. But as I said, the machines are adjusted with that in mind & likely are well aligned. Anyway, we seem to concur that when the speed is low, i.e. 3.75 ips, EE is justifiable, & offers something the ferric tapes cannot offer at such low speed.
Since I haven't done one in ages, maybe I need to perform a full bench test of EE tape with my X-2000R and see how it really does. I know it's absolutely, 100% forgetable at 7 1/2 ips (even a lowly Quantegy 642 would have no trouble keeping up with it, let alone a high end conventional oxide like Quantegy 457 or RMGI LPR-35). I have done only casual tests at 3 3/4's but don't recall the results offhand. I personally doubt these claims and am skeptical that the difference would be sufficient to offset the cost versus half-speed issue.
Look to see this test sometime next week.
Once dialed in correctly for accurate azimuth, a high-speed bin playback head and the slave record heads did not drift; and the high speeds of the heads meant that a tremendous amount of energy was required to misalign the tape from its proper path. Azimuth mislignment was not a problem in high-speed duplication, either for the master tape or the slave tapes.
This was another reason that calibration tapes were generally recorded at higher speeds than their intended playback speed.
In looking over my notes on EE tape, I discovered that one of the solutions EE tapes offered for 4-track tape was the reduction of the low frequency cross-talk in the heads that was a problem at 7.5 ips or 15 ips. Two-track heads had less cross-talk, but the narrow spacing between tracks on a 4-track head created some problems that were more apparent the faster the tape traveled. Reducing the speed to 3.75 ips brought the level of noise to a lower frequency that was less audible, but at the risk of greater azimuth mistracking if the tape guidance was insufficient. The same principle was behind the development of the Unisette which ended up as the Elcassette after the Japanese stole the idea from BASF and developed their own format.
So I was wondering if I should get an EE type of deck, or just a conventional non-EE unit. If the EE tape is worth it, that would justify it. I await your test. I've heard conflicting reports re EE. You mentioned at 7.5 ips, the EE was "forgettable". Am I to understand that you were not at all impressed? At 7.5 ips, how would Maxell XL-2 (EE) compare with XL-1 (non-EE)? Just wondering. Thanks again.
There is no advantage to an EE tape at speeds above 3.75 ips. There were few EE tapes manufactured and far fewer EE recorders, so it would not be easy finding either a machine or the tape for it. At 7.5 ips the only possible difference between Maxell EE tape and their standard ferric might be slightly lower modulation noise, but only if they calendered the EE tape harder than usual. Since the higher coercivity of the tape would not require harder calendering, that is not likely.
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What's Happening in Academic Advising?
Information for New Students
Both new and current students can click here to access MyWheelock for important information, forms, and resources.
Here are some helpful resources for new and current students:
Guide to Introductory Math Courses (PDF)
FAQs for First Year Students (PDF)
FAQs for Transfer Students (PDF)
Contact Us
Office of Academic Advising
Activities West, 1st Floor
200 Riverway
Boston, MA 02215
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Monday-Thursday, 8:30 AM-6:00 PM
Friday, 8:30 AM-5:00 PM
The Office of Academic Advising is excited to meet our new students, and are looking forward to providing them with a comprehensive overview of their first semester at Wheelock. Whether a student is brand new to Wheelock, unsure of what major to pursue, or just wants to check in with an advisor about degree progress, our office is here to help!
Take a look at some of the past advising programs and meetings students participated in during the Spring Semester!
Wildcats Get R.E.A.L. About Majors: This month-long program is comprised of three different events—a self reflection workshop, a major exploration conference, and a major exploration fair. The purpose of this comprehensive program is to help students begin or continue to explore Wheelock's academic opportunities. Furthermore, this program is designed to help students further explore their skills, values, and interests, while they learn about resources that can enhance their academic and co-curricular paths.
Transition to Faculty Advisor Meetings: These are one-on-one meetings during which sophomore and some transfer students meet with their professional advisor to discuss their transition to a faculty advisor. A student's faculty advisor is a faculty member who teaches in (one) of the student's declared major(s). The faculty advisor offers program-specific guidance, and also acts as an academic support and resource.
Course Advising and Registration: Advisors will meet with all first year students throughout March and the beginning of April to discuss Fall courses. First year students are required to meet with their Student Advisor and Professional Advisor to register for fall courses. Students will receive more information about course registration through their Wheelock email.
Current students are encouraged to contact their academic advisor with any questions regarding these programs and meetings.


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One New Man Ministry
About Us
Healing Center
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Join us Saturday mornings for the B.E.S.T. Shabbats
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Come worship with us!
Meet our Pastors
One New Man Ministry is committed to the passionate pursuit of the Father through worship; discipleship training of His children through B.E.S.T. Shabbats; and the restoration of healing and wholeness through ministry opportunities such as the Ancient Paths seminars from Family Foundations Int'l. We desire to be a place where every person can find a loving family community of Believers who are sold-out in Love with Messiah, Yeshua; so much so that we can't help but reach out to the world around us and share His love and His hope with joy, joy, joy! Come, won't you join us?
ONM: Live - Laugh - Love - Worship - Heal - Grow - Give
One New Man Ministry
Worship Location
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Church Office
14410 SE Petrovitsky Rd, #209, Renton,WA 98058
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ONM now meeting at Living Hope Christian Fellowship
Find us at:
Living Hope Church
16015 - 116th Ave SE
Renton, WA 98058
One New Man Presents:
2017 Experience Israel Tour
We are excited to announce that we have a
preliminary itinerary
for the upcoming
2017 Experience Israel Tour!
**Please note:
This is just an outline; there will be changes and additions as we continue to confirm locations, events, and times of ministry and worship with our friends in the Land.
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Read all about it...but not in your newspaper
Print isn't dying, but its future will look vastly different.
LOS ANGELES (Fortune) -- We're a few days before an historic election set in a time of economic crisis that has implications from Kansas to Kabul. What a great time for newspapers!
Sorry. I was dreaming we were back in 1980.
Today, layoffs, cutbacks, reorganizations, and shuttered or scaled-back publications are all part of the news flow for a business trying to manage the double whammy of the upcoming advertising recession and the ongoing digital upheaval. A brief recap of recent headlines: Gannett (GCI, Fortune 500), the country's largest newspaper company, plans to lay off 10%, or 3,000, of its newspaper staffers; the century-year-old Christian Science Monitor will cease publishing in print; the Newark Star-Ledger will cut its newsroom by 40%; the Los Angeles Times and Orange County Register will proceed with their umpteenth rounds of layoffs. (Magazine companies aren't immune. Time Inc., the publisher of Fortune, and rival Conde Nast are making cuts. But the situation is worse for papers.)
So is the sky falling or is this just a necessary correction in an industry that is, after all, supposed to be a mirror on society? My bet is that it's not the end of print, but it might just be the end of print as we ink-stained hacks have known it.
As I and others have written, it's foolhardy to expect the glory days of newspapers to ever return in the digital age. There is a difference, though, between a contracting, fast-changing and over-crowded industry and a dying one. And there remains an argument to be made for the vitality and durability of newspapers (in all their print and non-print iterations). According to figures by PriceWaterhouse Coopers, between 2005 and 2010 the U.S. newspaper industry will go from a $60 billion to a $50 billion industry, as measured by revenue.
Obviously, a $50-billion industry is nothing to sneeze at. At the same time, though, it's clear that the publishing industry that emerges from the end of this tumult will be dramatically different from what existed a decade ago or probably even today.
The best analogy, to my mind, is not one of progress from one form of media to another (say, radio to TV), but rather the evolution from passenger liner and rail travel to commercial aviation in the jet age. Sure, you can still take the Queen Mary from New York to Southampton or enjoy the Orient Express. But the masses are opting for inexpensive and efficient modes of travel.
Similarly, in print, the newspapers (and magazines) that flourish will fall into two categories - premium products that cater to an increasingly limited audience, and cheaply-produced commodities aimed at the masses (think Web aggregators and giveaway papers).
The old maxim that bad news sells papers may still be true, but clearly it's not enough to generate much excitement for the already-rattled investors who are repeatedly surprised by revenue drops and compressing profit margins among publishers.
This week, Citi analyst Catriona Fallon intiatied coverage of the newspaper sector "with a deteriorating outlook" in an amazingly bleak 112-page report. Her only buy recommendation was Gannett, which she classified as "high risk." A couple of weeks back, Goldman Sachs publishing analyst Peter Appert downgraded several of the newspaper stocks he follows. None warranted a "buy" recommendation, despite a bloodbath in newspaper stocks generally this past year: A.H. Belo (AHC) is down 94%; McClatchy (MNI) is down 85%, Lee Enterprises (LEE) is down 82%, Gannett is down 76%, and the New York Times (NYT) is off 52% - and off nearly 80% over five years.
By the way, this is probably as good a time as any to offer an overdue mea culpa to Tony Ridder, the former CEO of Knight-Ridder and scion of one of its founding families. I criticized him in another publication at the time of his company's mid-2006 sale to McClatchy for $4.5 billion, believing at the time that he had caved to an unhappy minority shareholder without enough of a fight. Two years later, it looks like he fulfilled his fiduciary duty smartly by taking the money when he could. Today, after offloading some of the Knight-Ridder papers, McClatchy's market cap stands at a scrawny $222 million.
Clearly, America's publishing blowout is not yet over. Those who thought they knew where the bottom was - such as Tribune Co.'s "grave dancer" boss Sam Zell - are still sinking in the ink. Someone will call the bottom correctly, though putting a date on it isn't so easy.
A while back I was at an event in New York where Bob Iger, the CEO of Walt Disney (DIS, Fortune 500), was asked what he thought about the newspaper industry's future. In so many words, he basically said that if the newspaper didn't exist and someone tried to create it, you'd be hard-pressed to dispute the appeal of a product that delivered the world to your doorstep every morning in a smartly-produced package. He then noted, with some relief, that Disney briefly owned newspapers but unloaded them more than a decade ago-largely to Knight Ridder.


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This is one of my very favorite categories for 2012's top 10 lists. Right from the start, as I started to compile images for my various categories, I kept coming back to a few of these; sweet little toes with smiles drawn on, and sibling's fingertips touching, and bare feet hanging from a dock in the sun; these are all precious moments in time; moments all too soon forgotten, so they're important (to me) to capture. They are often though, not images chosen for prints, either big or small, and often wind up in my archives never to be seen again….until now. Here are a few of my favorite 'artsy' portraits from 2012; once again, David Letterman-style from 10-1.
And away we go!
Continue reading


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Mauritius Island
Welcome to Mauritius
Mauritius is a small Island in the Indian Ocean, well known for the beaches and turquoise sea but Mauritius has so much more to offer. Many travellers have fallen in love with this small piece of land in the middle of nowhere and consider the Island as a paradise on earth. For many travellers Mauritius is the most beautiful island in the Indian Ocean, and yes the island is beautiful but what make it different is the islanders and their way of living. It's rare to see people from many ethnics and different culture living together in a small place accepting each other and living alongside. It's also common to see a Mosque not far from a Church or a Temple this is the way they lived. The Mauritians are well known for the way they welcome their guest, you will feel at ease as soon as you will land in Mauritius, no bad atmosphere or people staring at you like what the hell are you doing here, you will feel just like home. As long as you respect the population they will make their best to make your holidays unforgettable.
Info Mauritius
Mauritius in Brief
Official Name: Mauritius Island in Creole Zile Maurice
Capital: Port Louis but for tourism the capital is Grand Bay
Official language: English but French and creole are the most common language on the Island
Government: Parliamentary democracy
Population: 1.3 million inhabitants
Currency: Mauritian rupee (Rs)
International dialing code: +230 and +230(5) for mobile
Mauritius Beaches
The beaches are so beautiful and calm with white sandy beaches and turquoise water most of them are suitable for bathing. Mauritius is also the perfect destination for family trips children can swim alongside with their parent on most of the beaches around the island but be careful its also depend on where you are located like if you are in the south, the beaches are a little bit rough, in the west its windy and you can have some big waves from time to time and finally the most popular beaches are in the North like Trou aux Biches, Pereybere or Mont Choisy they all offer a lot of sea activities parasailing, scuba diving and jet ski and you can also see some beautiful natural attractions like swimming with dolphins the Crystal rock etc...The most important thing is that the Island is surrounded by a beautiful coral reef that protect the swimmers from Sharks.
Mauritius Beaches
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text: Palestinian Authority Chairman Mahmoud Abbas and the Fatah movement have used the death of the mastermind of the murders of the 11 Israeli athletes during the 1972 Munich Olympics as their latest opportunity to honor and glorify terror, presenting him as a Palestinian hero and role model. In a condolence telegram quoted in the official PA daily newspaper, Abbas referred to Muhammad Daoud Oudeh, who died Saturday, as "a wonderful brother, companion, tough and stubborn, relentless fighter," and described him as "one of the prominent leaders of the Fatah movement." Abbas also called the family to express his condolences. On Sept. 5, 1972, eight members of the Palestinian terror organization Black September broke into the athletes' village at the Munich Olympics. They kidnapped and ultimately murdered 11 Israeli athletes and coaches. Oudeh, also known as Abu Daoud, planned the attack. He never expressed remorse for his killings.


text: Hello Joerg,Errr which seperate usb controller ? .. it has actually:- 1 pci-e usb 2.0 controller- 2 pci-e usb 3.0 controller (one of which includes a sata controller as well)(apart from the onboard stuff)--SanderTuesday, August 10, 2010, 10:28:39 PM, you wrote:> On Tue, Aug 10, 2010 at 08:05:14PM +0200, Sander Eikelenboom wrote:>> Could you also provide a perhaps more specific message what is wrong>> with the bios, that i could forward to MSI, in the hope it will reach>> the bios engineers someday ? :-)> Lets first prove that my theory is right before contacting MSI directly.> Can you try the attached patch? it should fix the boot-crash. When the> system booted successfully please try some USB device (make sure it uses> the seperate usb-controler, I guess the seperate device is responsible> for USB 3, so try to plug a device into one of your USB 3 ports).> If you finished that please send me whether it worked or not and the> full dmesg output of the system.> Joerg-- Best regards, Sander mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com


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AJN 2013 Book of the Year Awards: Winners in 19 Categories
AJN 2013 Book of the Year Awards
Since 1969, AJN has been announcing its annual list of the best in nursing publishing. The most valuable texts of each year are chosen by AJN's panel of judges. Only books published between August of the prior year and August of the award year are eligible. To quote AJN's editor-in-chief Shawn Kennedy, our Book of the Year awards, announced each year in our January issue, "are sought after by authors and publishers . . . the awards give us the opportunity to acknowledge high-quality publications."
Below you can find the 2013 first-place winner for each of the 19 categories. To see a listing of all winners (there are 2nd and 3rd place winners for each category as well), please click this link. […]


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Tiger to TRW
If engineering has an enthusiastic face it is Wendy Okamura, University of Hawai'i at Manoa graduate in electrical engineering. "As engineers we fight to solve problems," says Okamura. "Problems are our battles, and the more challenging or difficult the problem, the more overwhelming is the feeling of satisfaction and fulfillment achieved once a solution is found."
"In the next 20 years I see engineers making a huge contribution towards society," Okamura continues. "Advancements in electronics and communications will continue to grow with alarming speed. Engineers are the building blocks for these advancements in every step of the way. With these advancements the possibilities to do almost anything will be within reach."
Okamura is currently employed at TRW Inc. in Redondo, California as a Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) designer. "I perform circuit simulations using a CAD tool to meet certain design goals set by the customer," she describes. "After simulations are completed, another software is used to layout (draw) the MMIC. These layouts are turned into masks, which are then used to fabricate (make) the actual circuit. Once fabrication is complete, tests are done to validate simulations. If there are no discrepancies, then the design is a success. But that is not always the case. If measurements do no match the simulation then further work is needed for redesign and the entire cycle continues again."
Okamura credits her family with her success. "Growing up throughout my elementary and intermediate school years my parents and paternal grandparents were my principal role models," she reflects. "I looked up to them and respected them for everything they did for my older brother and me."
Her high school teachers convinced Okamura that engineering was a perfect career choice. "In my junior and senior years at McKinley High School, my physics and math teachers were so enthusiastic about their respective subjects that it made me intrigued with both topics," says Okamura. "The one major discipline that combined both areas of study was engineering."
Although focusing more toward math and physics in high school, Okamura kept busy with other activities. She was a member of both the volleyball and basketball teams as well as the National Honor Society. She also played flute in the school band and was student government secretary during her senior year.
Okamura remained active during her years at UH Manoa. "The (UHM) College of Engineering is where I made many dear friends," recalls Okamura. "I became active in the student organizations there; the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), the Engineers Council at UH (ECUH) and Eta Kappa Nu, an EE honor society. Not only did I get the chance to meet many people, I also learned invaluable skills in organization and most important, time management!"
Two UH Manoa engineering professors stand out for Okamura. "Dr. Michael DeLisio's courses laid the groundwork for most of the work I am doing today at TRW," she says. "Academically I am indebted to him for his guidance and depth of knowledge."
"Dr. Tep Dobry was a faculty member that inspired me outside of academics," Okamura remembers. "His dedication to the EE students was unrivaled. As IEEE's advisor, Tep was always there to assist the students if they needed any guidance in planning activities for the organization. On top of that, he must have had the longest list of students to advise for registering for classes every semester. I am grateful to have had the chance to meet him and work with him."
Okamura's advice to youngsters: "If you know that math, physics, computers, mechanical drawings, or anything similar is something you're really interested in, then you're perfect for one of the fields in engineering. Don't get discouraged by those that say, 'Engineering is so hard!' For girls especially, don't ever feel that you won't be able to succeed in a field dominated by men. I know this has been said many times before, but it is so true; with hard work and determination, you can succeed in anything you put your mind to."
Despite all her success, Okamura remains humble when explaining how she ended up at TRW. "During the summer of 1996 I was fortunate enough to get an internship position at TRW. This was after my third year in the College of Engineering," she remembers. "At the time, I wasn't exactly sure what I would want to specialize in and because of that, I was not very self-confident about starting an internship position at a mainland company. Nevertheless, I was placed in the RF Products Center and was given various work assignments. All of the workers in that department made me feel welcome and comfortable in the jobs that I worked on. This first summer of success allowed me to land another internship at TRW the next summer in the same department. During this second summer, I learned a lot about the basic necessities to survive as a MMIC designer. All of this history with TRW made my eventual decision to work there almost an open-and-shut case. I still left my options open and interviewed with other companies, such as Raytheon, Motorola and Boeing, but after weighing all of the options, I chose TRW."
As new technology continues to expand the envelope of discovery, Wendy Okamura will be right in the middle of it all. "To me, the best part about being an engineer is having the opportunity to not only experience the innovation and advancement of technology, but also to be a part of it," she concludes. "As engineers, it is we who push the boundaries of technology. We ask the questions and seek the answers through problem solving and enthusiasm towards that quest. Challenges and obstacles make the engineering field truly dynamic and interesting."
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In a delightful interview with General Hospital favorite Kimberly McCullough (Robin), the actress-turned-director visited Good Day LA Monday morning.
During Kimberly's segment, co-hosts Steve Edwards and Maria Sansone discussed her Pretty Little Liars directorial debut which airs Tuesday night at 8PMEST/PST on Freeform. In addition, Steve and Maria asked Kimberly her thoughts on how Patrick (Jason Thompson) and Robin were recently written off of General Hospital.
Kimberly responded: "I think this was good for the fans, because Robin and Patrick really deserved their happy ending, and they did literally ride off into the sunset arm and arm. It felt like closure. But I have to say, I'm really sad that I don't get to see Brooklyn Rae Silzer (Emma) on my television set anymore, because I am a pyschofan and I watch the show. But I am very sad I won't be able to see my little girl, but I'll see her in real life!"
As for her experience working with the cast of Pretty Little Liars, McCullough expressed: "I just love all of the actors so much. All of the ladies, and the gentlemen, were just so professional and so lovely to work with that I felt really lucky to be apart of that show." When asked what people that she knew thought when they found out that Kimberly wanted to be a director, she added: "I had many people roll their eyes at me, now I'm showing them!"
During the conversation, the co-hosts also talked openly about Kimberly's recent blog post where she detailed moments from her difficult and heartbreaking 2015, which included her miscarriage after 22 weeks, and her brain tumor scare. But Maria mentioned that she admired that through the heartbreak conveyed in her writing that Kimberly also did it with humor.
Watch Kimberly's segment on Good Day LA after the jump! Then let us know what you thought of it, and the sentiments shared by the GH fan favorite on directing Pretty Little Liars, and her recent Port Charles exit? Post your comments below!


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Israeli Minister: 60 percent of Immigrants from Former Soviet Union not Jewish
Sixty percent of immigrants from the former Soviet Union presently arriving in Israel are not Jewish, an Israeli minister was quoted by Haaretz newspaper as saying Monday.
Diaspora Affairs Minister, Michael Melchior, told the Knesset Monday that the number will soon rise to two-thirds.
The new statistics have spurred members of the Knesset from the religious parties to insist that the 'Law of Return', which allows anyone with a Jewish grandparent to immigrate to Israel and receive the full basket of immigrant rights, be altered, Haaretz said.
The religion committee at the Knesset was told that in the early years of mass immigration, only 10 percent of newcomers were not Jewish, and that the figure had risen to around 30 percent by the mid-90s, Haaretz said -- Albawaba.com
© 2000 Al Bawaba (www.albawaba.com)


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Hallo! I build a debian package for Thuban. Description: an interactive geographic data viewer. Thuban can read geographic data in the shapefile format. Main features of thuban are the layer management and the possibility to navigate on the map, to control the visual appearance of objects, to identify and edit attributes by object selection and to print and export the resulting maps for further processing. URL: http://thuban.intevation.org/index.html My 'actual' sponsor has already given some very useful comments on the package and I tried to solve the problems. But now he isn't responding any more to any email (for almost 2 months now). He certainly has reasons to do so but nevertheless I'm interested to finish my package. Therefor I'm looking for a new sponsor for Thuban. If someone is interested I can send him or her an URL where he or she can download the necessary files. Greetings, Silke -- Silke Reimer Intevation GmbH http://intevation.de/ FreeGIS http://freegis.org/
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The Angel Brings Judgment
Our culture is accustomed to seeing Jesus as meek and mild; indeed, this is an accurate picture of Him. Yet it is not a full-orbed depiction, for He is also the great Judge to come who will execute God's ...Read More
At the Foot of Sinai
We must not try to find answers to questions God has never answered (Deut. 29:29). The Lord has told us all we need to know in this present sinful age, and trusting Him involves us acknowledging that there are ...Read More
Be Holy
The holiness that Peter speaks of is to permeate our entire being. It is to be reflective of who we are, how we think, what we do, and what we say. If you are in Christ, God has already set ...Read More
Causing Grace to Abound
We rest for our final salvation in the work of Christ alone, but that does not mean there is no change in our own experience of sin and holiness. John Calvin comments, "the faithful are never reconciled to God without ...Read More
Christ Our Ransom
Jesus ransoms us from the wrath of God, which means that we never need fear His condemnation if we trust in Christ alone for our salvation. In ransoming us from God's wrath, our Savior also rescues us from bondage ...Read More
The Church is Holy
Through the blood of Christ, God sees His church as holy, although He is by no means ignorant of the sin that persists in our lives. Yet this declaration of holiness gives us confidence that we can make real progress ...Read More
The Demands of Justice and Truth
Without a robust doctrine of divine simplicity, we have a God at odds with Himself and One who cannot be trusted. The "gods" of other religions are not as just as they claim to be because they do not pour ...Read More
The Drama of Redemption
Today's passage contains the beautiful imagery of justice and peace (or mercy, as other translations put it) kissing each other. Our Father graciously restores peace between Himself and us in Christ Jesus. This peace is permanent, for it is not ...Read More
The Faithfulness of God
The notion that the Lord must judge sin in order to be faithful is developed in more detail at the end of Romans 3. Paul cites Psalm 51 in today's passage because in this prayer of confession, David points ...Read More
Four More Things God Detests
Jesus tells us that all sin begins within (Matt. 15:10–20). The heart that devises wicked plans and the eagerness to run swiftly to evil reflect inward corruption that the Lord hates just as much—if not more—than ...Read More
The Glory of God
Augustine often spoke of the gravitas of worship, the seriousness of mind that we must have when we enter into God's presence. We worship a weighty Lord, so we must always consider whether the worship we offer is light or ...Read More
God is Good
By faith we perceive that God is good, even when we are walking through the most difficult trials. If you are having difficulty seeing the goodness of the Lord in your current situation, know that His mercies are new every ...Read More
God's Eternal Covenant with David
Christ is worthy to sit on David's throne forever, which means that all those who reign with Him will reign forever. Thus, Paul's promise that we will reign with Christ (2 Tim. 2:11–13) is good news indeed. We ...Read More
God's Fuller Revelation
Legalism is the inevitable result when we fail to remember that the cross was the high point of redemptive history, not the covenant ratified at Sinai. As we meditate on the cross, we recall the glory seen in His death ...Read More
God's Furious Anger
As Christians, we are privileged to be under the eternal mercy and grace of God, not His wrath. Like those who never repent, we do not deserve to escape His wrath, for we have nothing in ourselves to make us ...Read More


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Tag Archives: Jethro Franklin
Slip-and-Slide Determines USC Trojans Scrimmage Winner
Total Pro Sports – Pete Carroll is just about the coolest coach there is. Aside from all the success on the field, it seems like he just loves having fun off the field. Try this one on for size: At a USC practice Tuesday, the offense and defense were tied 12-12 at the end. So […]


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Presented in the "Presidential Forum" of the Annual Congress of the Modern Language Association (MLA) in Philadelphia, USA, December 2006. To be published, along with other contributions to the Forum, in a book edited by Marjorie Perloff (Chicago University Press 2008).
Let me start by quoting my "official statement"[1] concerning my translation of Charles Bernstein's "Besotted Desquamation"[2], a poem that can be seen as consisting of 27 sections, with all the words in each individual section sharing the same initial letter.
When I sat down to translate the poem into Finnish, I was disappointed, confused even, to find that the words my dictionary suggested for replacement seemed to begin with just about any letter. (…) I began (…) to have doubts as to the very fundaments of the profession of translation. I mean, how can we imagine to translate anything, when we cannot even get the first letters right? Eventually, I think I did find a problem to the solution. What I did was to put the original away – for good, I never looked at it again. (…) I then proceeded, not to translate, not even to rewrite, but to write the poem, exactly the way Charles had done before me…
We are evidently dealing with poetic sound in translation here. For most of us, I believe, it wouldn't even make sense to speak about translating poetry without accounting for the sound. On the other hand, it doesn't exactly make sense to speak about "translating sound" either. Perhaps more meaningfully we could speak of transferring the sound – but then, should we succeed in this, we would be back to the original.
I'll make two observations:
First, I want to refer with sound to a certain material dimension of language[3] – and that in more than one way. I've always liked M. A. Abrams' remark that the sound in Keats' poetry is partly determined by the physical pleasure of reciting it.[4] The specific sound of a poem, or a poet, usually represents a new material dimension inside a natural language.
Two. The differences between languages are, "in the last instance", material ones. Think of Walter Benjamin's well-known essay on "The Task Of the Translator"[5] where he distinguishes between "intention" (common to all languages) and "the mode of intention" (where they differ). In my view, Benjamin's example – the difference between the German word "Brot" and the French word "pain", for "bread" – is to be seen to refer, in the last instance, to their material dissimilarity. His central argument would hold even if the words' "semantic" connotations in each of their languages would be exactly the "same" (which they – because not stable – can never be).
In his essay, Benjamin makes the case for the translator's task being to effect "an echo" of the foreign (or source) language in the target one – as part of creating what he calls "the pure language". On this latter, difficult concept I will content myself to noting that if anything, "pure language", for Benjamin, represents the greatest confidence in proliferating the impure. If the original poem, already, effects a new material dimension in its own language, translation, in turn, will unfold yet another one which is not, strictly speaking, situated in either of the languages. This way, Benjamin's solution to the "problem" of Babelization is – more Babelization.
In fact, in the history of translating poetry, Benjamin's method has been in wider use than is usually recognized. Here, I like to cite the example of transferring English, German, and French metrical patterns into Finnish poetry during its so called traditional period (1880-1950). Blank verse, for instance, is ill suited to Finnish where the stress always falls on the first syllable of the word; however, instead of the impossible task of showing "how Shakespeare would have written should his native language have been Finnish," the Finnish translators went into great pains to invent new prosodies, foreign to the "natural language", to enable the Finns to grasp, as an echo, the dynamics of Shakespeare's poetical thinking. Quite Benjaminian, in fact.
Another, somewhat contrary, example. In Finland, it is customary to think that translating Eliot, in the wake of his winning the Nobel price, triggered what is known as the Modernist period of Finnish poetry – a 1950's phenomenon. In fact, those early translations very much ignored Eliot's prosody – making him into a strongly textual poet writing almost exclusively in free verse. Furthermore, the Finnish Modernists can been seen as having reacted against the poetics of these translations, rather than simply been influenced by them. A double process of misprision, that again seems to fall nicely in the frame of the Benjaminian model.
As these examples suggest, I tend to see translation – and the translation of poetic sound in particular – as part of a larger dynamics of cultural development and interaction. In a sense, I don't think of translation as having anything to do with interlingual communication, and I'm all for inverting the currently dominant paradigm where the languages are seen as something primary, translation as a secondary, ensuing "problem". To me, "in the beginning was translation".[6] Translation, not languages per se, forms the basis of cultures – meaning, among other things, that translation is always also (already) political.
Let me illustrate this point by means of a historical contrast. In his classical essay on "the methods of translation", Friedrich Schleiermacher, another German theoretician of translation, writing a hundred years before Benjamin, is markedly conscious of precisely this cultural dimension.[7] (For him, translating the Greek and Roman classics was closely connected to the task of elevating the German language to the level of its "historical task". In our present global language situation, dominated as it is by the rise of national states and corresponding national languages, this sound Schleiermachian intuition has come to be replaced by a naive conception of a "democratic" "equality" of languages. Translation has come to be seen as "transferring contents" between languages – something that in turn necessarily affects what comes to be written in the first place (though, of course, there's no such thing as "writing in the first place").
Inspired by Schleiermacher, but rejecting (or inverting) the cultural hegemonism inherent in his position, my alternative view on the politics of poetic sound in translation would encompass itself along the linguistic reality of a world that, under this surface of unproblematically transferred cultural contents, is more and more characterized by a (in my view) positive Babelization and, as its most dynamic element, an increasing Cacophony of Sounds. Instead of a simplified schema of transferred cultural content, it would concentrate on the factual overlapping of languages with their peculiar dynamics and power structures – admitting some linguistic formations to be more "important" than others, but also ready to react to the structures of suppression and dominance between them. It would emphasize misunderstandigs and misprisions, and as such, be against all language-communities and language-based models of identification – models that, incidentally, tend to rely on sound, as epitomized by the example of the middle-aged, educated couple from Boulder, Colorado, who once told my wife how there was nothing special about their place of domicile, except that it seemed to be the only place in the whole world where English was spoken without any noticeable accent…
Let me conclude by three programmatic recommendations, all related to sound in translation.
Stressing the primacy of translation does not rule out the possibilities of "original works" to contribute to the realization of the pure (read impure) language. I'm interested in these in the frame of what I see as the real, dominant lingua franca of our world, yet one that, surprisingly, seems still to lack its literature – English spoken as Second – or Nth – language. My first recommendation is for creating and expanding this literature, a new poetry of Barbaric English[8] – sure to contribute to the prolification of sound in English.
Secondly, regarding the conventional view of translation as an attempt to show how a "language A poet" would have written in language B, I like Schleiermacher's joke about this being equal to producing an image of what the author would have looked like should his/her mother have conceived her with a different father.[9] Not uninteresting as such, but the question is: to whom? In 1994, I published John Ashbery's Flow Chart in my Finnish. While I do not regret this, I perhaps wouldn't do it again – the young Finnish poets of today are sufficiently versed in English to misunderstand Ashbery in the original. Instead, I would think that my version of Ashbery with a different father (like those by others) would be of interest to his native English readers. Actually, one can only wonder why Ashbery, a poet so widely translated, is still waiting to be translated into his native tongue. A volume of such translations, as an addition to the soundscape of the New York School tradition of poetry, could be on my list of future editing projects.
Thirdly, though I don't believe in "untranslatability" as such, I would not deny the importance of works attemping to create it. A work like Eunoia by Christian Bök – a radical lipogram where, in each chapter, only one vowel is allowed at a time – is important, among other things, because of its challenge to translatability (it too would be best translated without even glancing at the original). I recently started working on a related project, a book of 300 pages where I'd use the vowels of the first Finnish novel, Seitsemän veljestä (The Seven Brothers), by Aleksis Kivi – all of them, in the order they appear in Kivi's work, and nothing but them. In a sense, this would be a work for the Finns only. But even this text would not be untranslatable – being, among other things, itself a translation of the work by Kivi – and, well, one where I'd finally got at least a half of the letters right.
1 See Charles Bernstein, Runouden puolustus. Esseitä ja runoja kahdelta vuosituhannelta, ed. Leevi Lehto. (Helsinki: PoEsia 2006), 252-253.
2 Published in original in Charles Bernstein, With Strings, Chicago: Chicago University Press 2001.
3 For a useful discussion of the questions of "materiality" in translation, see Fredrik Hertzberg, Moving Materialities. On Poetic Materiality and Translation, with Special Reference to Gunnar Björling's Poetry (Åbo: Åbo Akademi University Press, 2002).
4 See Abrams, M. H. "Keats's Poems: The Material Dimensions." In The Persistence of Poetry: Bicentennial Essays on Keats, ed. Robert M. Ryan and Ronald A. Sharp (Amherst: University of Massachusetts P, 1998), 36-53.
5 Published, in Harry Zorn's 1968 translation, for instance in The Translation Studies Reader, ed. Lawrence Venuti (London: Routledge, 2000).
6 Here I'm partially inspired by Andrew Benjamin's discussion, in his Translation And the Nature Of Philosophy (London and New York: Routledge 1989) on the relation of translation to the concept of tradition: "Existing at a particular point in historical time [the conflicts of interpretation] enact the plurality of tradition. Tradition in this sense is both plural and conflictual. Its unfolding is the unfolding of the conflicts that constitute it. […] There is no outside of tradition. […] Tradition becomes therefore the generalized site of interpretative differential plurality." (163-164).
7 Friedrich Schleiermacher, "Ueber die verschiedenen Methoden des Uebersezens", 1813. Friedrich Schleiermachers sämmtliche Werke, Dritte Abteilung: Zur Philosophie, Zweiter Band. (Berlin: Reimer, 1838), 207–245.
8 See my essay, "Plurifying the Languages Of the Trite", for a seminar on "Poetry In Time Of War And Banality", in Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil, April-June 2006, published at www.leevilehto.net and sibila.com.br/, and in Portuguese in Sibila #10, 2006, in Norwegian at nypoesi.net, in Dutch at decontrabas.typepad.com, and in Finnish at www.leevilehto.net. Also see the Icelandic poet Eiríkur Örn Norðdahl's fundamental online essay, "On the importance of destroying a language (of one's own)", at his blog at illiteration.blospot.com. For examples of experimentation in "Barbaric English", see Aki Salmela, Word in Progress (ntamo 2007), as well as my own Lake Onega and Other Poems, Salt Publishing 2006.
9 Schleiermacher, op. cit.


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Welcome to the Ark of Dreams!
Do you have a creative, artistic dream?
How often do we find ourselves thinking,
"I'm too busy to work on my dream", "I don't have the money to do it", "They wouldn't take me seriously", or "I'm not sure I believe in my dream any more".
Let all your doubts go.
Join us. The world is creating the Ark of Dreams.
I'm Jon Georg. I'm a composer. I decided to write music for, and launch, a creative initiative that embraces the whole world. The Ark of Dreams is a joint Artwork that you, everybody joining from all around the world, and I create together.


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The prestigious Japanese environmental magazine, "Nikkei Ecology," recently featured DuPont in its cover story about bio-based innovations. The story comes at a time when many companies are speeding adoption of bio-based materials in response to worldwide concern over global warming and challenges in energy.
"DuPont is committed to promoting sustainability by way of renewable resources while addressing the reduction of dependence on fossil fuels. We will further accelerate our efforts to advance biotechnologies," said Mureo Kaku, manager, DuPont Industrial Biosciences, Japan.
The article introduced several DuPont bio-based innovations, including:
- DuPont™ Sorona®EP thermoplastic polymers with high thermal resistance, quality texture and stability applied in the air-conditioning system in the Toyota Prius Alpha series
- DuPont™ Sorona® renewably sourced fiber with its excellent stretchability and softness in Edwin jeans
- DuPont™ Zytel®RS renewably sourced nylon resin used in a radiator tank co-developed with Denso and applied in the Toyota Camry since 2009
"DuPont bio-based engineering polymers offer the same or superior properties than that of petroleum-based products. Some of those polymers even deliver additional properties that are unique from conventional petroleum-based nylon or polyester resins," said Ryuichi Hayashi, director for Technology and Innovation, DuPont Industrial Biosciences, Japan, said.


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Video: NBA 2K13 E3 First Look Gameplay and Dunk Contest
Check out the analysis of the first look gameplay from E3 that aired on Spike TV. It features the western conference matchup Spurs vs. Thunder.
Quality isn't the greatest and this is a very early build of the game. There's plenty of room for improvement before the game is released. We also get a sneak peak of the all new dunk contest mode. They redesigned the way you perform the dunks and it is in the arena instead of the NBA Blacktop.