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David S. Clark -The Message From Patmos: A Postmillennial Commentary on the Book of Revelation (1921) "This early twentieth-century Postmillennial commentary on the Book of Revelation, written by the father of theologian Gordon Clark, offers an easy-to-read alternative to the popular Pre-millennial/Dispensational views of the best-selling Scofield Reference Bible and a multitude of other dissertations on end-time prophecy that litter the shelves of Christian bookstores. "
HISTORICAL PRETERISM (HP) - A) Umbrella term covering all those who believe that only a slight amount of Bible prophecy was totally fulfilled in the early centuries of the Christian era. Determined by looking at where authors find a "transition" from the past to the future using the Olivet Discourse of Matthew 24/25 and the Apocalypse of John. B) This class has roots dating back to the first century, such as in the writings of Barnabus and Clement of Rome, and finds greater development in the writings of Justin Martyr and Eusebius. The Catholic and Orthodox churches maintained HP through the Middle Ages. Today's contemporary forms were largely developed in the writings of Calvin, Luther, Grotius and Lightfoot. C) Teaches that some of the Bible's "end times" prophecies were fulfilled by AD70, but that the substantial portion of prophetic fulfillment is yet to be revealed at the "last day." Transitions in the Middle of Matthew 24, or in the Middle of the Apocalypse of John.
The People of God, the Land of Israel, and the Impartiality of the Gospel - Among Signatories: R. C. Sproul, Gary DeMar "At the heart of the political commitments in question are two fatally flawed propositions. First, some are teaching that God's alleged favor toward Israel today is based upon ethnic descent rather than upon the grace of Christ alone, as proclaimed in the Gospel. Second, others are teaching that the Bible's promises concerning the land are fulfilled in a special political region or "Holy Land," perpetually set apart by God for one ethnic group alone."
Brian Abshire
Charles Alexander
Steve Atkerson
Robert Baillie
Richard Barcellos
Timothy M. Barrett
Loraine Boettner
Joseph P. Braswell
Pastor J. S. Brown
Sir Thomas Brown
George Wesley Buchanan
E.W. Bullinger (1837-1913)
Anthony Buzzard
Joseph M. Canfield
Ron Clark
Jonathan Companick
Melvin Curry
John Denton
Mitchell Dick
C.H. Dodd
J. Ligon Duncan
Rev. Fr. Burnell F. Eckardt Jr.
Jonathan Edwards
E.B. Elliot
1862: Horae Apocalypticae Historicist Commentary on Revelation
Frederick Engels - A Founder of Modern World Socialism
Prof. David J. Engelsma
Daniel Alejandro Flores
Don Garlington
Dr. John Gill - Baptist
FREE ONLINE BOOKS: The Judgment of Jerusalem | Stone-Campbell Journal | Greek Orthodox: The Apocalypse | Centuries of Meditation | The Book of Revelation: Introduction | Great Awakening Group | Is the Great Tribulation future or fulfilled? | The Number of Man: The Climax of Civilization | Dave MacPherson's Post Trib Writings | Did the Council at Ephesus Condemn Chiliasm? | Lutheran Church separates from Luther's belief about Jews | Unchained Radio | Bicentennial of Peter Linebaugh's execution "Was he distracted by his Greek and Hebrew studies as a scholar can be? "He pointed out a mistranslation in Paul's epistle to the Hebrews [9:26] objecting to the 'end of the world' and showing from the Greek testament it should be to the 'end of the age.'
Demonstratio Evangelica Eusebius - "When, then, we see what was of old foretold for the nations fulfilled in our own day, and when the lamentation and wailing that was predicted for the Jews, and the burning of the Temple and its utter desolation, can also be seen even now to have occurred according to the prediction, surely we must also agree that the King who was prophesied, the Christ of God, has come, since the signs of His coming have been shewn in each instance I have treated to have been clearly fulfilled."
Bruce Gore
2000: Has Jesus' Olivet Prophecy Been Fulfilled? "But what could be the abomination of desolation in the late 60s? According to Josephus, the Romans, upon the burning of the holy house itself, and of all the buildings lying round about it, brought their ensigns to the temple, and set them over against its eastern gate; and there did they offer sacrifices to them . . . (Wars, VI, vi, 1). So once again an abominable sacrifice was offered at the site of the temple, which did in fact lie desolate at the hand of these Roman soldiers."
Dom Prosper Guéranger
1841: The Destruction of Jerusalem "Whilst the abominations of desolation, foretold by Daniel, was thus standing in the holy place, (St. Matt. xxiv. 15.) John of Grischala saw that the Zealots were too stupefied by the feastings to cause him any further alarm. He fell on the city, like a bird of prey, there to find the necessary provisions; and out of hatred for Simon, he destroyed by fire all he could not carry away. Simon, instead of quenching the fire, extended it in every part where John was likely to pass, hoping, by this means, to deprive the Galileans of all further victualling. Immense stores of corn and other provisions had been amassed by the Jewish leaders, as a necessary resource in case of a future siege; but all were now destroyed by these two men, who were greater enemies to their country than were the Romans themselves. Thus was spent the year 69 — a year of respite, which Rome, torn as she was by factions of her own, was compelled to allow, and which might have been of such incalculable benefit to the Jews."
Scott Hahn
Roman Catholic
2003: Art Sippo and the Demise of Catholic Apologetics "Sippo: Scott (Hahn) is very well read in the Patristic literature and is on the cutting edge of modern biblical scholarship. Anyone who has tried to keep up with the field knows that the movement for "biblical theology" is a new and exciting area of study that crosses confessional lines and participates in the New Pauline Perspective which has been systematically dismantling the classical Protestant interpretation of Scripture in favor of a view of soteriology that is more favorable to the traditional Catholic position. R. Sungenis: Thanks for proving my point. In case you didn't catch it, Sippo has admitted by the statement "crosses confessional lines and participates in the New Pauline Perspective," that he and Hahn have received their newfound ideas on soteriology from Protestants. Need I say more?"
Homer Hailey
Church of Christ
1964: Matthew 24 "In describing the coming judgment upon His people and the ushering in His righteousness and salvation. God describes the passing of the order as a passing of heaven and earth. "
Ed Hara
2000: Problems with Stevens' Response to Gentry "It is incredible to me that the more I see of the Internet, the more I see "believers" constantly arguing with one another. I find myself wondering if this was the "unity" which our Lord had in mind when He prayed that "they all might be one". Unfortunately, this will be just one more argument. I hope that as it is read, one will not think that in trying to be firm I have not stooped to too low a level. "
G.A. Henty
1888: For The Temple "In the afternoon he head a clash of arms as the sentry gave the military salute, and a moment later Titus entered, accompanied by one whom John instantly recognized as Josephus. John rose to his feet. "I told you he was but a young man," Titus said to Josephus; "but now that I can see him more nearly, or at any rate more calmly, I can see that he is little more than a lad, and yet, as you have heard me say, he is a man of valor, and defeated me in a fair fight." "I seem to know his face," Josephus said, and then addressed John in Hebrew. "Who are you, young man?" "I am that John whom you saved in the storm on the Sea of Galilee, and who fought with you at Jotapata." "Is it possible!" Josephus exclaimed in surprise. "I thought that I alone was saved there."
George Herbert
1633: A Priest to the Temple "There are two Prophesies in the Gospel, which evidently argue Christs Divinity by their success: the one concerning the woman that spent the oyntment on our Saviour, for which he told, that it should never be forgotten, but with the Gospel it selfe be preached to all ages, Matth. 26. 13. The other concerning the destruction of Jerusalem; of which our Saviour said, that that generation should not passe, till all were fulfilled, Luke 21.32. Which Josephus's History confirmeth, and the continuance of which verdict is yet evident."
Charles Hill
1996: Why the Early Church Fathers Finally Rejected Premillennialism "But despite its usefulness in helping to claim the mantle of Judaism and in fending off matter-denying Gnosticism, chiliasm was at odds with aspects of the Church's hope handed down from the apostles and made so clear in the New Testament writings."
Wayne Jackson
2009: Did the Law of Moses Continue until AD70? "Though the redemptive element of the Mosaic law was abrogated at the cross, the civil aspect of the regime continued on until A.D. 70, when the complete destruction of the Hebrew system of jurisprudence was implemented by the Lord. God sent "his armies" and brought down the last element of the former politico-religious economy (Matthew 22:7). The system as a whole was removed incrementally."
The Menace of Radical Preterism - "Radical Preterism... is so "off the wall"— biblically speaking— that one wonders how anyone ever falls for it. But they do. ...dealing with Preterism is like cleaning the kitty litter box; one hates to fool with it, but it has to be done. He can just be thankful that cats aren't larger than they are."
A Study of Matthew 24 - "Since the Jewish people are still extant, this concept allows dispensationalists to stretch the circumstances of Matthew 24 all the way to the present time. This view of the passage is seriously flawed."
Was the siege at Jerusalem the worst in history? - "Matthew 24:21 does not refer to the end of time. It's application, based upon all contextual considerations, was to the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in A.D. 70."
Scott Kessler
2007: The Errors of Hyper-Preterism "If, in fact, all Bible Prophecy has been fulfilled, as hyper-preterism teaches, then what do we make of Christianity today? Have the Jews abandoned their false religion in favor of Christianity, thus bringing greater blessings to the gentiles (Romans 11:24-26)? Why are we still marrying and giving in marriage (Luke 20:35)? What of our resurrection and judgment? Has the great Commission been fulfilled (Matthew 28:18-20)? Is Jesus still sitting at the right hand of the Father (Psalm 110:1)? If not, where is He? Such a belief system tends to lead toward gnosticism and, in the case of the modern church, deism. Hyper-preterism is as ridiculous as it is unorthodox."
2006: Who Are God's Chosen People? "Preterists are often accused of holding to "Replacement Theology". The truth of the matter is that we do no such thing. Replacement theology is a misnomer. No one has been "replaced" in regard to the blessings of the Covenant. The church is "Israel" (Galatians 6:16), and always has been, even in the Old Testament."
Knox Theological Seminary
Brendan Kraft
2002: Hyper-Preterism Renounced - Brandan Kraft "For the last couple of years, I have struggled with the doctrines of hyper preterism. The doctrines also known as "realized eschatology" or "covenant eschatology" or "full preterism" teaches that the eschatological events of Scripture were entirely fulfilled in 70 AD with the destruction of Jerusalem. Conservative preterists or "partial preterists" like me have no doubt that many of the eschatological prophecies of Scripture were fulfilled in 70 AD. However, we still hold to the belief that there remains a future coming of Christ, along with a future physical resurrection of the dead."
Johann Peter Lange
1844: The Life of the Lord : Olivet Discourse "As soon as Christ comes to the destruction of Jerusalem, He conceives it in the prophetic importance which it has to His disciples. He assumes that they will live to see the destruction themselves. He then points out to them the sign by which they were to recognise that the judgment was about to break over Jerusalem."
Nathaniel Lardner
Francis Nigel Lee
1985: Jerusalem; Rome; Revelation - John's Apocalypse Written Before AD70
2000: The Anti-Preterist Historicism of John Calvin and the Westminster Standards "Finally Jesus then stated: "Truly, I tell you this generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled." Matthew 24:34. It is true that "within fifty years, the city was destroyed and the temple was rased" Calvin concedes to preterism. But then he also comments, historicistically, that "the same evils were perpetrated in uninterrupted succession for many ages afterwards.... The apostles endured the same things which we see in the present day [A.D. 1555-63]. And yet, it was not the design of Christ to promise to His followers that their calamities would be terminated within a short time. For then, He would have contradicted Himself having previously warned them that the end was not yet!"
2000: Revelation Unveiled
Steve Lehrer
2003: Preterism and the Church: Biblical View of Heaven and the New Covenant "A short readable study I designed for Full Preterists - It is meant to aid the Full Preterist in critical thinking about some of the key passages and to lead him away from that doctrinal point of view."
Martin Luther
1525: A Sermon on the Destruction of Jerusalem "The Lord, however, saw deeper into the future than they when he said: 0, Jerusalem! if thou hadst known what I know, thou wouldst seek thy peace. Peace in the Scriptures means, when all things go well with us. You now think you have pleasant days, but if you knew how your enemies will encamp round about you, compass you about and hedge you in on every side, crush you to the ground and demolish all your beautiful buildings, and leave not one stone upon another; you would eagerly accept the Word, which brings to you solid peace and every blessing. [The woeful history of the destruction of Jerusalem you can read in books, from which those who wish will easily understand this Gospel.]"
Dave MacPherson
2004: Revisers of the Pre-Trib Rapture - "The Dutch heroine Corrie ten Boom declared in a 1974 article that when communism took over in China "millions of Christians were tortured to death" who had previously been assured: "Don't worry, before the tribulation comes you will be translated----raptured."
2003: Scholar Weigh My Research "The likelihood is that Edward Irving was the first to suggest the pretribulational rapture....the outpouring on Margaret Macdonald did not include revelation of a pretribulational rapture...." But careful scholarship has long known that after Gundry saw my Macdonald findings, he deleted his Irving statement and substituted favorable comments about the Scottish lassie----changes appearing in his classic work since the 1980's"
2003: The Real Manuel Lacunza
2003: Thomas Ice: Hired Gun | Margaret MacDonald's Originial Pretribulational Vision | Deceiving and Being Deceived
Bob Mahlstead
1997: The Anti-Rapture Page - "...yes, I (Bob) am a normal human being and sane Christian who loves the Lord and believes the Bible to be the inspired Word of God without error. I attended a conservative (Dallas Theo Seminary-type) Bible College where Premillennialism was taught and all other views scorned. Now I'm thinking that preterism is the most sound Biblical approach to prophecy. Why? Read on!" (Archived Websites Project)
1997: Five Errors of Premillennialists - "The fact is that interpreters are "literalists" on some points and "symbolists" on others. The real issue is shall our interpretation be or speculative?"
Keith Mathison
2012: The Preterist Approach to Revelation — The Unfolding of Biblical Eschatology "An issue that must be addressed before proceeding to an examination of the text of Revelation is our basic hermeneutical approach to the book. Over the course of the church's history there have been four main approaches: the futurist, historicist, preterist, and idealist approaches.
2004: Acts 1:9-11 and the Hyper-Preterism Debate "The hyper-preterist rejection of the traditional interpretation of Acts 1:9–11 has not led to anything even remotely approaching agreement on an alternative interpretation of these three verses. The clarity of what Luke tells us in Acts 1:9–11 is probably the reason why this text is either ignored or else passed over with relatively little detailed discussion in most hyper-preterist literature."
2004: John Humphrey Noyes and Hyper-Preterism "The question, then, is simply this: Is it accurate to classify John Humphrey Noyes as an early proponent of hyper-preterism? After re-examining the evidence, I believe that the answer is yes, and I will seek to defend that answer in what follows."
2003: When Shall These Things Be? A Reformed Response to Hyper-Preterism "Pratt, Kistemaker, Strimple, and others refute the teaching that all biblical prophecy (second coming, general resurrection, and final judgment) was fulfilled in the first century."
2002: A Brief Reponse to the Full Preterist Criticisms of Dr. Kelly Nelson Birks He fails to inform the reader that out of approximately 250 pages of text, I spent six chapters (or a little over 100 pages) going from Genesis through Revelation exegeting Scripture in order to substantiate my own position. Why Dr. Birks expects me to reproduce 100 pages of text in an appendix is a mystery to me.
Philip Mauro -
Supreme Court Lawyer
1909: Life in the Word
1910: Reason to Revelation
1910: The Number of Man: Climax of Civilization (PDF) From his earlier pre-pret days. He notes the absence of a definite article in Revelation 13:18: "Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast : for it is THE NUMBER OF MAN ; and his number is 666" (Rev. xiii. 18)"
1912: God's Pilgrims: Their Dangers, Their Resources, Their Rewards - It may be of interest to the reader to learn that the writing of this book was begun and finished on the memorable voyage of the Steamship Carpathia which was interrupted by the rescue of the survivors of the Titanic, and by the return with them to the port of New York.
1913: The Path of the Just
1915: The Lord's Supper
1917: Dr. Shailer Mathews on Christ's Return: An Examination of His Pamphlet "Will Christ Come Again?"
1918: "After This": Or, the Church, the Kingdom, and the Glory
1919: The House of God
Speaking in Tongues - The nature of the charismatic gift in the NT, and its timing of ceasing.
Fred Miller
Timothy Miller
The Book of Hebrews and the End of the Age "Hebrews was written as a final warning to professing Jewish Christians not to reject entrance into the kingdom of God by apostatizing from Christianity just before God's covenantal wrath was to be violently poured out on the unregenerate, rebellious nation of Israel during the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD."
Stan Moody
2001: Introduction to Crisis in Evangelical Scholarship "I could not stand on Masada without realizing that something of a critical nature happened there which marked a new era in God's redemptive plan. It seemed like a moment of cleavage, with the old order giving way to the new Messianic order, and Jews completed in Christ, violently and suddenly (albeit unwillingly) being severed from their Jewish traditions."
The Moorings
Prophecies of the Destruction of Jerusalem : Daniel 9 "After the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70, orthodox rabbinical tradition treated this event as the end of Daniel's seventy weeks (19). The views of the Jewish historian Josephus are of particular interest. During the assault on Jerusalem, he served as a Roman spokesman urging the people of the city to surrender. In his Wars of the Jews, which furnishes a full account of the struggle from his perspective on the Roman side, he sees the miseries of the city as the fulfillment of an ancient oracle."
Jared Olivetti
2006: Creeds vs. Hyper-Preterism "Why use creeds to determine orthodoxy? Why not just use Scripture? In response to that question, and to encourage all of us toward more submission to the creeds, I'd like to line out for some of the arguments given by Doug Wilson in his chapter "Sola Scriptura, Creeds, and Ecclesiastical Authority" in When Shall These Things Be? (side note: despite some recent controversy, Wilson does support and submit to the church's creeds and offers clear thinking on the issue ...and this chapter has nothing to do with the federal vision controversy."
Dr. Hermann Olshausen
1839: Commentary on the Complete Text of the New Testament (PDF)
"Jesus did intend to represent his coming as contemporaneous with the destruction of Jerusalem and the overthrow of the Jewish polity"
"As regards the contents of the discourse, a great difficulty lies in its placing in apparent juxtaposition circumstances which, according to the history, are separated by wide intervals. Obvious descriptions of the approaching overthrow of Jerusalem and the Jewish polity are blended with no less evident representations of the second coming of the Lord to his kingdom. . . We do not hesitate to adopt the simple interpretation, and the only one consistent with the text, that Jesus did intend to represent his coming as contemporaneous with the destruction of Jerusalem and the overthrow of the Jewish polity." (Vol. ii, pp. 221, 222.)
'It is precisely for this reason, viewing the Saviour's reply to his disciples as designed to be intelligible, that in this portion of the prediction, I can find no direct reference to the day of judgment, only as the whole event of the coming to destroy Jerusalem is symbolical of that great and final coming to take vengeance on the ungodly." (P. 312.)
"The word Parousia (presence) is the ordinary expression for the second coming of the Lord. — With the classic authors parousia commonly signifies presence; it has the same meaning sometimes in the N". T., in the writings of Paul (2 Cor. 10: 10; Phil. 1 : 26 ; 2 : 12 ; 2 Thess. 2:9); in other cases it is used in the sense of advent, and once (2 Pet. 1 : 16) the incarnation of the Redeemer as applied to his first coming." (Vol. ii. p. 228.)
Stanley Pahr
1993: The A.D.70 Doctrine and Dating the New Testament "Preterism allows for no double fulfillment of prophecies, no twin references or passages such as the alternating of the apocalyptic concepts of Matthew 24 between past and future fulfillments. In his Commentary on Revelation, Homer Harley sees only a past fulfillment (that is, before 475 A.D.) of every section of Revelation up to chapter 20. He would certainly be a left wing preterist, as would be this author who in If Thou Hadst Known isolates 115 Biblical texts which find complete fulfillment in Jerusalem's fall in 70 A.D."
Rev. William Patton
1877: The Judgment of Jerusalem "As the subject of the Lord's discourse was the destruction of the city and the temple, with the dissolution of the civil nationality of the Jews, and as all the other circumstances of the prophecy refer to these events, it is in keeping with unity to apply this prediction (son of man coming in clouds) to the same."
1870: Is the Doctrine of the Final Restoration of Man Scriptural?
Exegesis of I. Peter, III. 18-20; or Christ's Preaching to the Spirits-in-Prison
Dr. Larry Pechawer
Professor of Old Testament and Hebrew Language at Ozark Christian College
Leaving the Rapture Behind: The Man Of Lawlessness "Assuming that the Olivet Discourse was known by Paul, and it almost certainly was, SOMETHING IMPORTANT IS MISSING HERE! It is A.D. 52, and the Thessalonians are worried about missing the Day of the Lord. But remember, Jesus had given ONE CLEAR SIGN that had to occur before He would return–the A.D. 70 destruction of Jerusalem! Why have we missed this? I guess because it's hard to think of ourselves on the other side of Jerusalem's fall. How could the Second Coming occur when Jerusalem's fall, a sign for that generation, had not yet happened? I am convinced that Paul received even further revelation about this monumentally important event and that 2 Thessalonians 2 is a type of "A.D. 70 oracle" "But what about the idea of the "apostasy," the APOSTASIA (verse 3)? Well, the New International Version got it right when it rendered it "rebellion," but not for the right reason! Would you believe that the term APOSTASIA and its twin APOSTASIS are the words regularly used by Josephus to describe the Jewish revolt against Rome! They occur dozens of times. Commentators have missed the possibility that the term is being used here in its political, not religious sense. "
Arthur W. Pink
The Prophetic Scope of Matthew 24 - "That part of our Lords prophetic discourse recorded in Luke 21 (to the middle of v. 24) was all fulfilled by the year A.D. 70. First, Jerusalem was invested by Cestius Gallus, who was repulsed. Later, it was attacked by Titus, the emperors son, who was successful. But between the two besiegement, there is good reason to believe that, all Christians "fled," and that none of them perished in Jerusalem. Lukes "sign" is past, Matthews is yet future. It is most important to observe that in Matthew 24 no reference is made to the destruction of Jerusalem after verse 2; while, on the other hand, in Luke 21 no reference at all is made to "the abomination of desolation. (from Prophetic Parables of Matthew 13)
A Study of Dispensationalism - "But there is further reason, and a pressing one today, why we should write upon our present subject, and that is to expose the modern and pernicious error of Dispensationalism. This is a device of the Enemy, designed to rob the children of no small part of that bread which their heavenly Father has provided for their souls; a device wherein the wily serpent appears as an angel of light, feigning to "make the Bible a new book" by simplifying much in it which perplexes the spiritually unlearned. It is sad to see how widely successful the devil has been by means of this subtle innovation."
1952: The Application of the Scriptures: A Biblical Refutation of Dispensationalism "Arthur Pink wrote these series of 5 articles just before his death on July 15, 1952. They were published in Mr. Pink's Studies in the Scriptures for the June through (posthumously) October, 1952 issues. A number of contemporary Dispensationalists have been republishing some of Mr. Pink's writings from his dispensational days, this is unfortunate, but as these articles show Mr. Pink's position was against the dispensational school of thought up till the very month of his death."
John Piper
1996: Jesus: Mediator of a Better Covenant "It is almost impossible to exaggerate the importance of what happened in A. D. 70 in Jerusalem."
P. Pratt
1855: Literal Fulfillment of Prophecy : The Destruction of Jerusalem "When he appeared to the Nephites, in his risen body, as you will find it written in the Book of Mormon, he took pains to refer them to the written prophecies of Isaiah and many others, and quoted many of them, and exhorted the people to search the things contained in the prophecies of Isaiah diligently, bearing testimony of their literal fulfilment: and said he, "A commandment I give unto you that ye search these things diligently," for they have been fulfilled"
1987: Keith H. Meservy - Jesus and Josephus Told of the Destruction of Jerusalem
Charles D. Provan
1997: The Church is Israel Now! "During this century, Christians have been told over and over that "God has an unconditional love for Old Testament Israel," by which is meant that God's love is directed toward persons racially descended from Abraham, regardless of faith or obedience. Membership in Israel, therefore, is viewed as a matter of race, not faith."
Kim Riddlebarger
Robert Roberts
1855: The Signs of the Son of Man's Presence at the Destruction of Jerusalem "The parousia, or proximity, of the Son of Man to Jerusalem in the crisis of its overthrow was to be in the lifetime of that generation, according to the words of Jesus, who said, "This generation shall not pass till all these things be fulfilled."
1879: Anglo-Israelism Refuted - A lecture delivered February 20th, 1879 by Robert Roberts of Birmingham in reply to a lecture given the previous evening by Mr. Edward Hine.
1881: The Ways of Providence.. The Overthrow of the Jewish Commonwealth by the Romans and the Destruction of Jerusalem by Titus "The survey of the ways of providence would be incomplete without something more than a glance at the events attending the overthrow of Jerusalem and disruption of the Jewish polity over thirty-five years after Christ left the earth. At first sight, it might seem as if this were outside the scope of the work which aims at the illustration of the subject from Biblical narrative alone. On a further consideration, however, the matter must appear otherwise. Although we have no scriptural narrative of the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus, yet we have much scriptural forecast of that terrible event, and therefore the particulars of the event are the particulars of a divine work. "
Dr. Barbara Rossing
Evangelical Lutheran
2004: The Rapture Exposed: Hope in the Message of Revelation "The idea of "The Rapture"—the return of Christ to rescue and deliver Christians off the earth—is an extremely popular interpretation of the Bible's Book of Revelation and a jumping-off point for the best-selling "Left Behind" series of books. This interpretation, based on a psychology of fear and destruction, guides the daily acts of thousands if not millions of people worldwide. In The Rapture Exposed, Barbara Rossing argues that this script for the world's future is nothing more than a disingenuous distortion of the Bible. The truth, Rossing argues, is that Revelation offers a vision of God's healing love for the world. The Rapture Exposed reclaims Christianity from fundamentalists' destructive reading of the biblical story and back into God's beloved community."
Reviews at Google Books "I'll admit it--I was a Dispensationalist before I read this book"
T.H. Salmon
Andrew Sandlin
2001: Correspondence on Full Preterism - "I think it most unlikely that the almost unanimous testimony of the church for 2000 years could have been mistaken on such a fundamental point. Full preterism is in fact, therefore, non-Christian in that it repudiates cardinal tenets of the orthodox Faith.. this is not an invitation for a debate."
2001: Those Long-Lived Last Days - "The theologically liberal accusations that the New Testament writers taught that Jesus Christ would return in their own lifetimes (thus denying Biblical infallibility) is no less erroneous than is the notion by some conservatives that we must attribute most or all of such texts to the destruction of Jerusalem in A. D. 70 in order to maintain the integrity of the Bibles infallibility"
2000: Sandlin's Review of Sproul's "Last Days According to Jesus" - "Though Sproul does not at this point deny creedal Christianity, or come close to it, he leaves the reader with the distinct impression that he may be willing to do so if he were convinced that the Bible taught this."
Philip Schaff
1898: History of the Christian Church., vol. 1: Apostolic Christianity
1882: History of the Christian Church - (Chapter 6: The Great Tribulation, The Roman Conflagration and Neronian Persecution "The aforesaid Scribes and Pharisees, therefore, placed James upon the pinnacle of the temple, and cried out to him: "O thou just man, whom we ought all to believe, since the people are led astray after Jesus that was crucified, declare to us what is the door of Jesus that was crucified." And he answered with a loud voice: "Why do ye ask me respecting Jesus the Son of Man? He is now sitting in the heavens, on the right hand of the great Power, and is about to come on the clouds of heaven." And as many were confirmed, and gloried in this testimony of James, and said:, "Hosanna to the Son of David," these same priests and Pharisees said to one another: "We have done badly in affording such testimony to Jesus, but let us go up and cast him down, that they may dread to believe in him." And they cried out: "Ho, ho, the Just himself is deceived." And they fulfilled that which is written in Isaiah, "Let us take away the Just, because he is offensive to us; wherefore they shall eat the fruit of their doings." [Comp. Is. 3:10.]"
1882: Julian the Apostate, and the Reaction of Paganism "His object in the rebuilding of the temple was rather, in the first place, to enhance the splendor of his reign, and thus gratify his personal vanity; and then most probably to put to shame the prophecy of Jesus respecting the destruction of the temple (which, however, was actually fulfilled three hundred years before once for all), to deprive the Christians of their most popular argument against the Jews, and to break the power of the new religion in Jerusalem."
Cyril of Jerusalem "The next incident recorded in the life of S. Cyril is his alleged prediction of the failure of Julian's attempt to rebuild the Temple of Jerusalem. "The vain and ambitious mind of Julian," says Gibbon, "might aspire to restore the ancient glory of the Temple of Jerusalem. As the Christians were firmly persuaded that a sentence of everlasting destruction had been pronounced against the whole fabric of the Mosaic law, the Imperial sophist would have converted the success of his undertaking into a specious argument against the faith of prophecy and the truth of revelation."
Milton Spencer Terry "This being so, then the words relating to a personal return of Jesus are to be taken as pointing to the Destruction of Jerusalem (Mat. x.23; xvi.28)." / The Second Advent of Christ
Brian Schwertly
Kate Scot-Byson
1996: This Generation: A Preterist Looks Back at Premillennialism - "Has anyone ever looked at you as if you suddenly grew an extra, rather peculiar-looking head? That's the look I often get when I tell some fellow Christians that most of the prophecies they so closely associate with the end of the world have already been fulfilled, in the 1st Century AD, culminating with the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple by the Roman general Titus in 70 AD. This position is known as partial Preterism."
Thomas Scott
1869: Predictions Respecting the Second Advent of Jesus "The first attempt to assign all to the destruction of Jerusalem until we reach Matt. xxv. 31, is utterly untenable and indeed absurd. No words can be plainer than those of Matt. xxiv. 29, 30, 31. If they do not denote the visible coming of the Son of man in heaven to exercise judgment over all the tribes of earth, no words whatever suffice to enunciate this doctrine. Nothing but the extreme stress of the difficulty, extreme reluctance to admit the ignominious failure of prophecy, could ever drive a sensible man to pretend that these three verses mean nothing but the overthrow of one city—the dissolution of one nation."
David Sergeant
1999: Millennium Now - "In the pages that follow, we will look again at the key biblical prophesies and attempt to discern just what they are saying to us. Are they really predicting such a bleak future? Or are they telling us that Christ has already overcome and that the future is safe in Gods hands?"
C. Jonathan Seraiah
Stephen Sizer
Rev. Daniel Smith
1840: The Destruction of Jerusalem: The Whole Being Intended to Illustrate the Fulfillment of the Predictions of Moses and the Messiah "The history of Jerusalem, viewed as the fulfilment of prophecy, furnishes evidence of the truth of Christianity which neither Jew nor infidel can reject without positive infatuation. At the same time, it also reveals to us the awful depravity of human nature. Let nations look upon Judea, let cities look upon Jerusalem, let individuals look upon the personal calamities of the Jews, and let all fear God and fly from transgression. If, indeed, we would escape a destruction, of which that of Jerusalem was but a faint emblem, let us embrace proffered mercy, and "know the things that belong to our peace, before they are hid" FOREVER "from our eyes."
C.H. Spurgeon
1885: Israel and Britain: A Note of Warning "They went so far as to crucify him, and cried as they did so, "His blood be on us, and our children," words so sadly verified when Jerusalem was destroyed, and her children slaughtered, sold as slaves, or scattered to the four corners of the earth. It was indeed, a terrible blindness which happened unto Israel. But although this blindness was a punishment for former sin, it was itself a sin. They willfully rejected the testimony of God against themselves; they refused the self-evident Christ who would so greatly have blessed them. This wilful rejection was carried out so effectually that it became impossible to convert and heal them; they could not be instructed, or reformed, and therefore they were given over to destruction. Nothing remained but to allow the Romans to burn the temple and plough the site of the city. It was a dreadful thing that they should deliberately choose destruction, and obstinately involve themselves in the most tremendous of woes. Poor Israel, we pity thee! It was sad indeed to fall from so great a height! Yet we are bound to admit that God dealt with thee justly, for thou didst choose thine own delusions. The Lord cries, "Oh that my people had harkened unto me."
1867: Old Testament Saints
George Stanhope
1705: A Paraphrase and Comment on the Epistles and Gospels "For this ambiguous manner our Lord's expressing himself, some of the Disciples imagined, that St. John should never die, but he found among those that shall be alive at Christ's Second Coming. Whereas, in Truth, those words of Jesus imply no such matter foretel, that that Disciple should survive the Destruction of Jerusalem ; which is probably believed to be called our Lord's Coming (as a most eminent Judgment, and instance of his Truth and Power) in sundry places of the New Testament." (A paraphrase and comment upon the Epistle and Gospels, vol. 1., p. 262)
Dr. Kenneth G. Talbot
2009: Samuel Frost and the Westminster Confession "Here Mr. Frost acknowledges himself as rightfully being a 'heretic' in light of Reformed theology. We also read in: The Constitution of Christ Covenant Church, Organized by Samuel Frost, in Section 1:A 1:2, Frost and others where they wrote: "We are fully aware of the opinion by many that preterism is regarded as a "damnable heresy." Dr. Talbot continues: Again, Mr. Frost clearly understands the implications of his doctrine in light of both Reformed and Evangelical Christianity. Why would he acknowledge that he is rightfully being called a 'heretic' and a 'damnable heretic' (not my words, but Mr. Frost's and Mr. Green's), and then complain about being called a 'heretic' and a 'damnable heretic' at that? Let's see if this is logical."
Ross Taylor
Rinaldo Texidor
2003: Reforming Foundations; Global Transitioning of the Church through the Apostolic Reformation "one author made a lot of money selling a book titled "88 Reasons Why Jesus Is Coming In 1988." People saying such things make the Church a laughing stock and cause the truth to be discredited. However, the reasons why these opinions were so widely accepted is because of this wrong underlying thought system which has pervaded the Church."
Dr. John Thomas
1860: The Comings and Appearings of Christ "He came, in sending forth his armies of Romans, and by them destroying his murderers, and burning up their city, Jerusalem. This was coming according to the legal maxim, which is a scriptural one also, that what is done by one's agent is done by one's self. That Gentile and Pagan armies may be God's armies is testified in Joel, where the Chaldeans who destroyed Zion are styled "His army" (Joel 2:11); and in Isaiah, where the Medes under Cyrus are termed Yahweh's sanctified and mighty ones for His anger-(Isa. 13:17; 29:3)."
Dan Trotter
2002: Why it is Perfectly OK to say Naughty Things About Heretical Preterists "This is typical of the slick rhetorical tricks heretical preterists like to use. The reader will notice that the logic I've given above pierces their buncombe. That the heretical preterists (given their premises) are right about the timing of the resurrection, and that the ancient Hymenaeans were wrong about the timing of the resurrection, is absolutely irrelevant to Paul's anger and condemnation of Hymenaeus and company. Paul could not have possibly gotten that upset over a few decades worth of difference in timing between himself and Hymenaeus."
2003: A (Somewhat) Irenic Response to Certain Naughty Heretical Preterists "My view is that the anti resurrectionist neo-hymenaean opinion is precisely "the constant application of stupidity" to the eschatological problem. My view is that hymenaean heretics don't deserve a seat at the eschatological debating table. My view is that giving these doctrinal deviants a place of respectability will allow "enemy forces to gather to deceive the unwary who cannot defend themselves."
Don Walker
The Beast of Revelation - "Over the years I have heard probably every imaginable, (and some unimaginable), candidate for the Beast of Revelation. Everyone from Henry Kissinger to Ronald Wilson Reagan (whose three names each have six letters) has appeared at the top of the Beast list at one time or another. Adolf Hitler or Benito Mussolini were popular candidates for the job in the late 1930s and early 40s. Recently, in some circles, Prince Charles has emerged as a contender for the title. Of course, I would be amiss, if I left out William Jefferson Clinton. I have a friend who strongly believed that Gorbachev was the prophesied one." The mark on his head being a Hebrew 6."
Robert WalkerIn treating of the prophecies which relate to the final destruction of Jerusalem, I would first draw the reader's attention to the 28th chapter of the hook of Deuteronomy, in which is an eminent instance of God's merciful kindness, when the prophets are commanded to declare God's judgments against the rebellious, in providing them with previous gracious promises towards the obedient, and with compassionate offers of favour and pardon to those who, although they have strayed, are willing to repent and return. "
Israel P. Warren
1885: The Book of Revelation: an exposition based on the principles of Professor Stuart's Commentary, and designed to familiarize those principles to the minds of non-professional readers
Tony Warren
2000: This Generation Shall Not Pass, Till All These Things be Fulfilled "Of course we are well aware of the Preterist claim that the end of the age was in 70 A.D., but that is a Biblically untenable position. When will all be fulfilled? When this evil generation is no longer ruling with the prince of this world. In other words, when Christ returns! There is no age in between. No new age was occurred in 70 A.D. "
Jim West
Reformed Church USA
1997: The Allurment of Hymenaen Preterism: The Rise of "Dispensable Eschatology" "Hymenænism is damnable heresy."
Ellen G. White
1858:Cosmic Conflict: The Destruction of Jerusalem "With the overthrow of Jerusalem the disciples associated the events of Christ's personal coming in temporal glory to take the throne of universal empire, to punish the impenitent Jews, and to break from off the nation the Roman yoke."
Herman Wits (Witsius)
N.T. Wright
Is Belief in the Bodily Resurrection of Jesus Necessary? Wright Says No: "I have friends who I am quite sure are Christians who do not believe in the bodily resurrection," he says carefully, citing another eminent scholar, American theologian Marcus Borg, co-author with Wright of The Meaning of Jesus: Two Visions. "Marcus Borg really does not believe Jesus Christ was bodily raised from the dead. But I know Marcus well: he loves Jesus and believes in him passionately."
2003 Review: The Resurrection of the Son of God. Christian Origins and the Question of God Volume Three "Equally outrageous is Wright's contrived and harmonistic treatment of the statements about a spiritual resurrection in 1 Corinthians 15, where we read that "flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God" (v. 50) and that the resurrected Jesus, the precedent for believers, accordingly possessed a "spiritual body" (v. 44). Wright labors mightily and futilely to persuade us that all Paul meant by "flesh and blood" was "mortal and corruptible," not "made of flesh and blood." "
W.A. Young
An Examination of the Coming of Christ "As I have grown in my understanding of scriptures I have come to see that the moderate preterist perspective is the biblical perspective."
J. Julius Scott
1998: Did Jerusalem Christians Flee to Pella? "Early Christian historians Eusebius and Epiphanius claim that prior to the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in A.D. 70 the Jerusalem Christians fled to the Decapolis city of Pella (note also Mark 13:14; Matt 24:15; Lu 21:20-22; cf. 19:43-44). During the last half of the twentieth century critical scholars have debated the accuracy of this report. This paper summarizes the major arguments in the discussion and evaluates them against a restudy of the evidence presently available. It concludes that the ancient writers are more likely than modern doubters to be essentially correct."
1983: The effects of the Fall of Jerusalem on Christianity "For all Jewish Christians, the fall of Jerusalem was "the beginning of the end." Although they may have continued to exert some influence, the grandeur of the Jewish Church was tarnished. Jewish Christianity survived, but it did so in obscurity, in backwaters, where some slipped into sectarianism, others into heterodoxy.
Samuel E. Waldron
2000: Notes on Eschatology -" In the historical introduction to these lectures preterism was presented as a method of interpreting the Book of Revelation originating within Roman Catholicism. It was offered by them as an alternative to the historicist method and its identification of the Roman Papacy as the Beast. It contrasted with the system of interpretation known as futurism which was also presented by the Jesuits as an alternative to historicism. While futurism referred the events of the Revelation primarily to a future period of tribulation at the end of this age, preterism declared that with very few or no exceptions its prophecies were fulfilled by or before the destruction of Jerusalem in A. D. 70."
Andrew Corbett:
Why the Rapture Has Ruptured - "The seventh trumpet announced the completion of God's Old Covenant with Israel and the announcement that the Kingdom of Christ had begun (Rev. 11:15). Yet their remains a final trumpet, which we might call the "eighth"."
Richard Barcellos Some Thoughts on Hyper Preterism "I view it as neo-Hymenaenism, a damning heresy, idle babbling, a cancer which must be cut out immediately!"
Mark Horne: Why Side with the Sadducees?
Paul Manata: Transcendental Argument Against HyperPreterism (TAAHP)
Paul Manata: You Might Be A Hyper-Preterist
Resolution Concerning Preterism and the Future, Physical Fulfillment of Biblical Prophecies
4/12/12: The Mysteries of Daniel and the 70 Weeks- Historical Preterism
4/15/12: Christ the King and Preterism- Historical Preterism "If Christ has already destroyed all His enemies in the first-century, and death is the last enemy, then there would be no distinction between the Church and the world; all people would be born free from spiritual death and the corruption of original sin. Although the theological arguments seem to suffice, a closer exegetical look at the Word of God is in order."
4/15/12: ΠΡΩΪ: a preterist view of the zombie apocalypse "At that moment the curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth shook, the rocks split and the tombs broke open. The bodies of many holy people who had died were raised to life. They came out of the tombs after Jesus' resurrection and went into the holy city and appeared to many people. (Matt 27:51-53)"
3/5/12: Preterism? (Fullness of Time Part 3) "I then thought, Am I a heretic? Is anybody else seeing the things that I'm seeing? That's when I discovered the theological phrase that defined my developing convictions: Preterism."
Email PreteristArchive.com's Sole Developer and Curator, Todd Dennis
(todd @ preteristarchive.com)
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Past Reviews
Regional Reviews: Seattle
A Star is Born in Mitzi's Abortion
With not a little comedy to lighten the proceedings, Heffron's play (winner of ACT's 2005 Best New Play award), which is set in contemporary Seattle, tells of Mitzi, a naïve, likable, Esperanto studying student and part-time Subway sandwich maker. She conceives a baby before she is really even sure she wants one, with a macho boyfriend who gets shipped away by the U.S. military before she is very far along. She then finds that that the baby, though technically alive, has only a brain stem, not a brain, and her obstetrics doctor recommends a late-term abortion. Not only do her loutish if loving mother, kindly stepfather, well meaning school friends, and the baby's father have their opinions about what Mitzi should do, but she also has otherworldly visitations from St. Thomas Aquinas and Reckless Mary, a 17th century midwife-abortionist. That these characters do not exclusively appear to Mitzi is a rather problematic script tangent, as are appearances by a character called The Expert, who rather tediously breaks in with clinical commentary and clarification. But the writing of Mitzi herself is skillful, balanced and honest, as is Pierce's performance. The moment at the end when she sings "Over the Rainbow" (just why, I will not reveal) is as moving as anything I have seen in any Seattle theatre in recent memory.
Mitzi's mess of a mother is played with frank honesty and just enough redeeming likability by Kit Harris. Eric Ray Anderson garners some big laughs as Thomas Aquinas, and offers a shaded, non-stereotypical portrayal of Mitzi's pro-life, gay school chum Tim. Leslie Law rips into Reckless Mary with a damn-the-torpedoes gusto, and as Sheila, the health plan rep who must advise that this sort of termination of pregnancy is not a covered benefit, she is a chillingly officious representative on all that is worst about the U.S. health care system. Richard Ziman scores a triple knockout in his very different roles as Mitzi's loving stepfather Rudolfo, the supportive and pro-patient Dr. Block, and Mitzi's clueless and repellent Uncle Tub. It's also good to see the vibrant Shelley Reynolds back on the boards as Mitzi's salty friend Nita, and Sean Cook is right on as Mitzi's self-absorbed soldier boyfriend Chuck, and contrastingly warm as Sergei, the lab tech who first views Mitzi's troubled fetus.
Narelle Sissons' versatile set suggests the play's varied locales aptly, and Chris Reay's lighting design and Sarah Nash Gates' costume design are both solid. Heffron's play could stand a bit of trimming, but Beattie's direction flows very nicely with the text as it now exists. And I will go out on a limb and say that Seattle's theaters had better cast the luminous Sharia Pierce while they may, because I have a hunch this actress is going to be showing up on Broadway, and in films and TV before we know it.
Mitzi's Abortion runs through August 20 at ACT Theatre, 700 Union Street in downtown Seattle. For more information visit www.acttheatre.org.
- David-Edward Hughes

subset: commoncrawl


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AUTHORS NOTES: Hiya! This is my first fanfiction. Hope you enjoy it! Please R&R. It starts at part one of the Season One finale. Criticism is gladly accepted and appreciated. I do not own Falling Skies. I only own Lauren. Thanks!
Chapter 1: "I'm Not Normal"
A scream escapes my chapped lips as Bens convulsing body was being shot down by a mech. "Ben!" I ran as fast as my legs could carry me. I knelt next to his dying body, and held his hand as if I was the one dying. "Ben, you can't leave me." I managed to say between sobs. Weakly he pulled me down for a kiss. His lips were warm and soft, when we broke away he whispered "I love you." Then he took his final breath.
I shot up in my cot, gasping for needed air. Cold sweat trickled down my forehead and back. The nightmares have been getting worse. "Lauren, are you okay?" Ben asked in the darkness. "Yeah, just another bad dream, nothing to worry about." "Are you sure you don't need me to climb in bed with you?" Ben asked jokingly with a light chuckle. I lightly laughed "I'm sure, goodnight." "Goodnight."
The next morning I woke with my cot sandwiched between Ben and Wills. "Hey you're up." Ben said with a smile. I smiled back. Ben and I have been friends since third grade when I fell off the monkey bars and he helped me to the nurse. We started dating about a half a year before the invasion. I groaned, got up from my cot and put my wavy brown hair in a high ponytail. "Remember, Ben we have checkups today." I reminded him. It had been almost a month since Ben and I's group had been rescued from those retched skitters. "Oh yeah, thanks for reminding me."
"Well it seems like everything is checking out fine" Doctor Glass explained to me examining my back where the harness was. "Have you been experiencing any nightmares or flashbacks?" "Yes, very vivid nightmares, they seem almost real." I answered while adjusting my shirt carefully over the spikes. "Ben has the same problems, he told me that last night you kept talking in your sleep and you woke up a couple times last night. You are all good to go Lauren." Anne told me. "Thanks" I told her. As I walked out of the doors, standing there was Ben with a bouquet of handpicked flowers (weeds) and the biggest smile on his face. "I picked these for you." he explained. "Oh, wow thanks. You're the sweetest." He enveloped me into a bear hug and then handed the flowers to me. "Let's go put these in water." I grabbed his hand and led him to the kitchen where we could probably find a vase.
A few hours later we had a mass wide movie night with some old movies Uncle Scott found. I sat next to Ben with my head on his shoulder and our fingers intertwined. "I have to go to the bathroom" I excused myself. On my way while passing the chem lab I stopped dead in my tracks when I heard some alarming words."I didn't know how else to explain it Tom." Doctor Glass said to Tom softly. "The skitters were harnessed too?" Tom questioned. "I just assumed when we got them back everything would be okay." Tom said after a long pause. "Well they are healthy both Lauren and Ben, they are also adjusting well emotionally." "But those needles on their backs aren't going away like the other kids'." Tom replied. "They both were harnessed way before the others though. It might just be longer for the effects to wear off. Weren't they taken together?" Anne asked. "Yes, but that doesn't explain the rough patches you found on their backs." Tom said puzzled. As instinct to insecurity my hand flew to my back I felt the area around the spikes and sure enough the skin felt rough.
I quickly ran back to the gym and got Ben."I have to talk to you privately." He jumped up and grabbed my hand. I drug him to the "bedroom". He sat down on a cot and patted the spot next to him. "What's going on?" Ben asked with his eyebrow raised. I sat down and crouched in defeat, ugly sobs racking my body. He pulled me in and let me cry on his shoulder. "I don't know, our spikes aren't going away. I'm not normal." I said trying to contain sobs. "Your dad and Anne were talking about us with a dead, open skitter on the table. She said that some weird skin is growing around our spikes. Look." I said while turning around and showing Ben my back. Once I turned around I said, "All of my family is gone, I-I just can't deal with this anymore." Once I was finished he put my hair behind my ears and grabbing my hands, said "Hey, you have to listen to me. You are beautiful no matter what happens. Stay strong. I'm always here for you. I just-" He cupped my face and gave me a slow passionate kiss. Almost immediately I kissed back. "Hey guys there's a-" Hal walked in and we immediately broke away, both blushing. "Well, well, well I guess my little math geek has gotten busy with his little girlfriend" Hal smirked. "What do you need I was kinda busy." Ben casualty shot back. "Dad and Uncle Scott need to talk to you." Hal explained pointing to Ben. "Okay, okay I'm coming, just leave." Ben muttered. "Fine but down do anything you might regret." Hal smirked and closed the door on his way out. Ben grabbed me and kissed me again. "I'll be right back." he murmured in my ear. I bit my lip still tingling from Ben's kiss, "Hurry up then."


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Textual Criticism and the Bible
by Robin Calamaio
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Knowledge empowers a person. Absent oppressive power, I can not think of an example where a person of lesser knowledge can take advantage of one possessing greater knowledge. One of my goals is to spiritually empower my audience. Accurate knowledge is critical to this endeavor. "Grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ" (2Pet 3:18). Knowledge is foundational even to grace. How can you grow in grace if you do not ... know ... what it is?
For some of you, the forthcoming information will be quite threatening. Your first impulse will be to return to a simpler, more secure position. Well, there are two problems with such a retreat. First, our God is the God of truth. Where truth is - God is. As His children, truth strengthens us. This applies to science, math, history ... or textual criticism. Second, I believe you can handle the truth. At least that is how I intend on interacting with you. Otherwise, I would be babying you. While we all start out as babies (born again), it is not God's design we stay babies. Physically, a baby is cute, but at four, eight, or twelve years old - if still a baby - cuteness is now tragedy.
The only food Christians grow by ... is truth.
So, let's talk about the Bible. If you have one handy, pick it up. As you look at it, you already know you do not possess the original writings of Moses, Isaiah, Paul, etc. You have some sort of copy. Actually, all the original documents disintegrated long ago. Theologically speaking, there are no extant (original) texts. Today, we possess copies ... of copies. Did you know the oldest existing New Testament papyri fragments date at about 200 AD? And substantial manuscripts start around 325 AD! One can only guess how many times removed all these are from the original writings. But, your Bible has another complicating factor. Unless it is written in ancient Hebrew, Aramaic or Koine Greek, you have ... a translation ... of one of these copies. I discuss this translation complication in, "Translations and the Bible." So, ... the book in your hand is quite far removed from original Biblical documents.
The Original Texts
Every physical thing in this present environment decays - including the Bible. Papyri, leather, and paper all decay. Fortunately, over the centuries, various groups have been very interested in these documents. As old copies wore out, new ones were made. These groups, or "schools," were separated by culture, distance, geopolitical realities ... and time. In the last 150 years or so, technologies have made the world "smaller." Bible text investigators have been able to compare copies from various locales in great detail. The study of these copies is called Textual Criticism (or Lower Criticism). I am very grateful for copies. Because of them, I have a Bible.
Don't Panic
But, copies have presented ... some complications. For now, let's just address the New Testament materials. As copies have been compared against each other, differences have surfaced. For example, seven verses into Matthew, some copies read, "Asaph" - but others, "Asa." Both are not correct. The letter, "phi," was either in the original ... or it wasn't. These differences are called "variants" - thus creating "variant readings." Sometimes, like the example above, only one letter is different. But, sometimes a whole word is different ... or a whole phrase ... or an entire passage (i.e., Mk 16:9-20, Jn 7:53 - 8:11, or 1Jn 5:8). At the time of this writing there are at least 2,086 fairly significant variations between Greek texts (copies) for the New Testament alone. As other copies are discovered ... that number can only increase.
I Repeat ... Do Not Panic
Textual Critics believe "all scripture is God-breathed" (2Tim 3:16). I am also of this persuasion. But, the Bible does not say, "All copies of scripture are God-breathed ...". When Matthew finished his account, that document was absolutely flawless. The same is true of Mark's work, and Luke's and John's. The ink dried on God-breathed, perfect documents. So also Paul's letters, and Peter's and James' and Moses' and ... well, you get the picture. Textual criticism's sole goal is to determine what the original documents said.
General Procedures
When examining variant readings, Textual Critics begin with simple observation - and, if needed, move to the more complex. Sometimes, copyists obviously just made a simple error - i.e., their eye skipped a line. But, other variants are clearly intentional. This has caused Textual Critics to develop several "rules of thumb." For example, it is of first importance to know from which "school" a copy has come. Why is that? Well, as critics have studied all the texts, it has become apparent that some "schools" were meticulous copiers ... while others wanted to "smooth out" problematic texts. These copyists added words, phrases ... and even changed words to an easier vocabulary. Quite often, these alterations also better supported some pet doctrine or practice ... to no one's surprise. So, ... a single copy from a meticulous school carries more weight than a hundred copies from a "liberal" school. And this holds true even if the hundred copies are older! Age (and superior numbers) does not outweigh location.
Another rule of thumb: Textual Critics often defer to shorter readings, and also the more difficult of readings (whether in vocabulary or syntax). The reasons behind deliberate text changes is a sub-study in itself. In that exercise, each variant must be studied in its own individual circumstance.
Textual Criticism is a science ... and an art. Once these critics have examined and debated the pros and cons of each variant, they forward what they believe to be the original text. Sometimes they feel quite certain of their deductions and analysis - and sometimes they just give it their best guess. One group (affiliated with the Institute for New Testament Textual Research) uses a rating system from "A" (feel sure), to "D" (best guess). Textual Criticism is an extremely important, and interesting, field of study. As I write this, I almost wish I had been able to devote my life to it. But, by the grace of God, I am who I am - and I am where I am.
And Consider This
The original New Testament letters were written ... to be used! They were not stashed in a glass case in a museum. My personal Bible has had one user for 20+ years and it's falling apart. But, if in the hands of an entire congregation, it probably wouldn't last 5 years. And when Paul's letters were delivered to the carnal Corinthians ... do you think they knew what was in their hands? I wonder how those original letters were treated? Some of those Corinthians surely wanted to crumple them up and throw them away! My point? By the time someone may have realized a next generation copy needed to be made, the present document may have had tears, smudges, partially illegible parts - or even some missing chunks. As we speak, I just reexamined my personal Bible. The first two pages of Genesis are missing some text in the bottom left corner. To recopy this, I would need to do so from memory if no other copy was around.
Speaking of Genesis, do you think copies of it ... might contain some textual variants? What about the rest of the Old Testament? Malachi is 500 years older than any of the New Testament writings.
The Bottom Line
So, how has the study of Textual Criticism affected me? Well, I could say, "The closer I scrutinize the Word of God, and study these variant readings, the stronger my faith becomes." I could then add, "My confidence in God's Word has not been shaken at any time - in any way - by this study. Textural Criticism has even strengthened my faith and witness in innumerable ways." Yes, ... I could make such claims. But, how would you know if such claims were true? Maybe my confidence in the Bible has been shaken to the core. Maybe I am trying to convince myself, "everything is okay" - yet, behind a brave front ... chaos, confusion, skepticism, and spiritual shipwreck is lurking. Well, this latter situation could be the reality ... except for one thing. Earlier I said, "Our God is the God of truth. Where truth is - God is." (actually the Bible declares this - Ps 31:5). Well, the truth is ... there are no original Bible documents ... and there are variants in existing copies. And, ... guess what? Sure enough, God is there. He is always where the truth is. He has indeed used the study of Textual Criticism as a catalyst - steeling my faith and confidence in His Word. I love the study of Textual Criticism. For me, it has made the Bible ... even more rock solid. Truth always ends that way.
Robin - Christian from '77. BA, Bus Admin (Milligan College '90) and M-Div (Emmanuel School of Relign '92). Are you interested the Bible's material on eternal life ? Or its info on eternal rewards ? These gains are the backdrop behind each Free Christian Ebook at freelygive-n.com! Open up and listen!
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Happy 32nd Birthday, Nicki Minaj!
Nicki Minaj, who turns 32 years old today, kicked off her pre-birthday weekend in very fun fashion on Saturday night.
As the SNL musical guest, Minaj performed a pair of songs and also appeared in three skits, lampooning the infamous Kim Kardashian nude spread in Paper Magazine during one memorable Weekend Update segment.


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Free UK Shipping over £50
28 Day No Quibble Returns
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Our Verdict: For the first time Brompton have produced their special limited Nickel Edition bike in titanium, with only a very small run these will be extreamly exclusive...
With Pre-Order, you can purchase the latest items added to our store in advance of them arriving with us.
You Pre-Order is prioritised (at no additional charge); meaning that, as soon as the product arrives with us, we can wrap it straight back up and get it sent out to you - it often never even hits the stock room shelves!
With Pre-Launch, the date when we expect to receive the product ourselves is still a little too hazy to be confident in accepting Pre-Orders.
So, instead, you can submit your email address against the item you are interested in and we will email you as soon as stock arrives on the system.
Estimated Delivery Dates are given on Pre-Order and Pre-Launch products. They are for indication purposes only and can change at any time without notice.
The dates we provide are based on indications given by our suppliers. Whenever we get updated information from our suppliers we will endeavour to update the Estimated Delivery Dates provided on product pages.
Our Verdict:
The Brompton Nickel Titanium Limited Edition bike is quite simply something special.
Need we say more....? Well, I guess we should say only a selected number of Brompton dealers have been invited to take them and this was even limited to one per dealer, so if this is the bike for you you'd better be quick!
Worthy of being considered a modern day design classic, the Brompton bicycle represents a simple concept elegantly executed to produce a bike that is strong, agile, practical and of course ultimately extremely portable, the Brompton bicycle could be argued to be the bench mark against which all other folding bikes are judged.
This may be considered something of a sweeping statement which is why we are always careful not to describe Brompton as the 'best' folding bike (which is a question often asked of us) as this is entirely subjective depending on the situation the bike is to be used. The Brompton can however be described as the 'best' in the areas in which it excels, there is certainly no other practical folding bike that can fold as small and in our opinion we would be happy to make claim that Brompton have a build quality that is matched by few and surpassed by no other manufacturer of folding bikes.
The hand brazed steel fame (with a titanium option also available) comes with various options, all of which can be customer defined if desired from the colour through to the gearing. The most significant of these options would be that of the handlebar style which will define the bar height (a choice of the H, M, S or P type) and the gearing (which can range from one speed through to 6, with the additional option to raise or lower the gearing to suit the rider). Beyond this the additional options will tend to be what additional items may be fitted to the bike (ie. mudguards, rack, lights etc), or personal preferences including perhaps the hardest choice of all, the colour!
The folded size is largely unaffected by the various options and measures 585mm high x 545mm long x 270mm wide (23" x 21.5" x 10.6"). The total weight of a Brompton bicycle can range from 9 – 12½ kg (20 – 28lbs) depending on the configuration selected.
Please note that due to Brompton dealer terms all Brompton Bicycles can only be collected in person from our shop in Bath.
Brompton bicycles are described by 3 simple elements; the handlebar, the number of gears and the mudguard/rack option. So a 'Brompton M6L' for example is simply a bike with an 'M' style handlebar, 6 gears and the 'L' option of mudguards. Simple when you know!
Here are all the basic build options broken down to guide you in the right direction, if you have any quiries we're here to help so just drop us a line or give us a call.
Handlebar Options
Speed Options
Mudguard and Rack Options
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We suggest you start your day in Versailles with a guided morning visit of the Royal Apartments. This will be followed by a walk around the Palaces park passing through some of the Groves (summer) or a horse carriage ride (winter). Lunch is taken in the restaurant la Flottille which faces the Grand Canal. The afternoon will continue with a guided visit of the Trianon (vast mansion-style lodges where Louis XV and Louis XVI liked to work and retire from court life) and a discovery tour of Queens hamlet (where from 1783 Marie Antoinette played asa shepherdess).
Ideal to discover and make the most of the Versailles estate in a day enjoy this guided tour of the palace in combination with the Trianon Palace of Versailles the Grand and Petit Trianon.
These two smaller castles enabled the Royals to escape the pomp and rigid formality of court life. The love of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan flourished in the magnificent Grand Trianon. In the Petite Trinon and the Hameau de la Reine is where Marie-Antoinette enjoyed living a simpler life.
We cross Paris by the western districts of the city before taking the motorway to Versailles. Average travel time from Paris : 45 minutes.
The day begins in the State Apartments visiting the Hall of Mirrors the Queen's bedroom and the Reception halls. Free time is included for a visit of the French style gardens designed by André Le Nôtre.
Enjoy lunch in the park near the Grand Canal at "La Petite Venise" restaurant.
Menu restaurant "La Petite Venise"
Arugula salad with parmesan
Chicken breast mashed potatoes with olive oil
Chocolate fudge cake
1/4 bottle of mineral water
1 glass of red wine du Pays de Gard
Subject to change
In the afternoon we visit the Grand Trianon and continue on foot to Marie-Antoinette's Hamlet where the Queen played the shepherdess.
Enjoy the view of the newly restored Theatre.
Included :
Information :
To book your place, first chose your date above, and then select the correct numbers of people in your group. Then click Confirm Booking.
If you are not yet sure of your dates, then click Add to Wishlist below. This will make it easy for you to find this page again when you return to France.com later: just click on My Wishlist at the top of any page to return to any pages that you have marked in this way.


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thank you.
Type: Posts; User: Grant
thank you.
no shit, captain obvious. i'm talking crowd size.
i think you're mistaken for gorillaz.
LCD had a massive fucking crowd in 2010.
captncrzy's into it, though. if you want some boardie cred i suggest you take it like a whiny, obnoxious bitch.
takes one to know one.
my esp tells me you're a furry fucker. emtgreg might be able to help you with that.
nope. my esp tells me so. you're next in line after creep, btw.
nah, why would i waste my time with halfway house graduates from skid row. my unborn progeny's gonna haunt the fuck out of them.
i can't follow your trolling without being more specific. maybe it's time you eat some more speed.
my temporal lobe senses that your asphyxiation from fikus may be coming sooner than you'd think. sleep with one eye open.
well, let me judge you publicly. you're a brainless troll. eat shit.
who are you?
i must add that there is a lot of editing that goes on. thank god for quotes.
learn the platinum rule, that is, if you're able to learn anything and think for yourself.
we have nothing in common, believe that.
i'm sorry, who are you?
no, sorry... but my temporal lobe senses you're a cum guzzling bitch. oh, and your terminal point of existence was supposed to be in a tissue.
does the pube farm on your face help you reach your freckle dick? clearly i was upset about not getting the chance to mingle with you pompous retards.
nah, it's going to be dedicated to my unborn progeny. fuck that randy guy. clearly he's not important.
no. you've crossed me, and once you cross me we're through. please try to manipulate this further. follow the tracks you make, bitch, and maybe things would start to make sense for you.
no. it was a puny, drunkard scumbag like you. notice i wrote "he". you should try to get your ged so you wouldn't have to leech off of a sadistic whore for survival.
no, but my dad beat the shit out of someone so bad once he tipped him on his side when he was on the ground so he wouldn't drown from his own blood. at least he had the courtesy to give the fuck a...
i'd dare you to to see what would happen, but they aren't on facebook.
do you know that for a fact, or are you pulling that out of your ass like you always do?
i'm not embarrassed whatsoever. what's embarrassing is how fucked you all are in the head, coaxing one another relentlessly for god knows what reason. i'm so pleased to see nobody addressed the...
i've been banking on sam shit's journey to hell, so that is comforting to know.
it's friday morning. randy passed away monday morning from what i understand.
fuck you, bitch.
initially insulting the person that is being grieved doesn't constitute as someone in my mind that is grieving said person.
that is the hope.
okay, let me put it to you like this: fuck you. i don't need to explain myself to a psychotic bitch like yourself. keep my name out of your whore mouth.
wow, there sure is a hell of a drug network here.
maybe you should read the conversation more carefully before you come up with some ass backward way to defend you and your partner's douchebaggery since it's public domain now. just speaking for your...
and you're still rambling on with confusing fucking bullshit to try and make yourself seem right.
yeah, totally out of context. maybe you would understand if you weren't such a cold, soulless prick. now, please argue how it is impossible for humans to have souls.
no, it's about having a genuine loving relationship in your life that doesn't involve sex. none of you fucking animals seem to have that, and i feel sorry for you all.
please go fuck yourself.
any other final words that are not relative to anything?
and i never said all women regret their abortions. please continue to take my words out of context.
i'm only coming back with what was dished to me originally, cunt.
further proof that he needs other meandering assholes to stroke his drug-addled ego.
oh, look, exactly how i'd expect you to handle this when i'm trying to put it to rest once and for all. you fucking lowlife.
yeah, i do know how the world works. try controlling your internet addiction and actually do something productive. notice that i've been a member since 2008 and have less than 3k posts. that's...
please go fuck yourself.
yeah. i'm sorry, randy, but i don't think saints quite fit in your category.
ME?! ahahahahahaha. oh, how things get misconstrued. let me try to set the record straight as succinctly as i can. getbetter said something outrageously offensive to me via messenger that hit close...
who the fuck are you? seriously, what is it with this cliquey bullshit. are you in on the drug ring too or something? none of this had anything to do with ANYBODY else and it got blown way out of...
i can't believe i'm actually bothering to respond to you right now (and in this thread of all threads), but please keep my name out of your whore mouth and please keep it busy sodomizing the nimrod...
ditto. beautifully said, courtney.
i've already made my words, but after a few hours of letting the news sink in, randy's aura shines. i've never experienced a personality like his and probably...


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Bri & Josh's wedding was just like any wedding should be: laid back, no tension. A day filled with love is how I would best describe it!!! So honored to be part of their day & be able to celebrate with this amazing family. I lost count of how many funny jokes I heard. Everybody is so loving, fun & easy going!!!
And of course: the couple. I mean, THE couple! They are so in love & they look at each other with eyes filled with care, love & passion. Just a beautiful unit. Can't hear from you guys years down the road about your adventure together!!!
Please enjoy a few of my favorites!!!
Venue: Reserve at Clearview Farms http://
The store where you bought the dress: David's bridal: http://davidsbridal.com
Shoes: kohl's: http://kohls.com
Tuxes: men's warehouse: http://menswarehouse.com
Bridesmaid dresses: David's bridal
Hair: Tiffany Roberts at Southern sparkle hair studio: https://www.facebook.com/
Make-up: Tarran Raulston: https://www.facebook.com/
Minister: Steven Gilliam
Photographer: Victoria Mason Photography
Flowers: Marliese Montgomery at roses by design: https://www.facebook.com/
Cake: yellow cake company/Kenya brooks: http://yellowcakecompany.com
Accessories for the cake: https://www.etsy.com/
Caterer: Marliese Montgomery
Decorations: the bride and Marliese Montgomery
Party favors: we made cds for everyone
Honeymoon: Costa Rica occidental grand papagayo: https://m.barcelo.com/en_GB/
Invitations: https://www.etsy.com/shop/
Printing invitations: woodfin printing by Rob Woodfin: http://www.woodfinprinting.
Guest book tree picture: https://www.etsy.com/shop/
Advice from Bri: Don't try to do everything at once. Spacing out tasks helped everything remain smooth throughout planning. Also let whatever happens on your big day happen. Things are bound to go wrong, accept it and just enjoy the moment, it's gone in the blink of an eye!


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I've been craving homemade tacos ever since Tanya Steel, former model and EIC of Epicurious and Gourmet Live, told Fashion Week Daily that her favorite Epicurious recipe is this one for pork tacos made in a slow cooker. When five friends were coming over for dinner, the opportunity presented itself to cook up a whole slew of tacos. But true confession: I really love Chipotle's beef barbacoa tacos. Surely there had to be a way to make this style of tacos in a slow cooker to make the whole dinner less of a hassle.
I took a recipe from California's Café Pasqual and merged it with the Epicurious version. You can put the beef in the slow cooker before leaving for work in the morning and finish it when you get home, or even make the whole thing a day ahead of time. Either way, it's set it and forget it.
Recipe: Slow-Cooker Beef Barbacoa Tacos
2 tsp. thyme
2 tsp. cumin
1 tsp. Mexican oregano
1 tsp. kosher salt
1/2 tsp. freshly ground black pepper
1 4-5 lb. beef chuck pot roast
2 large onions, diced
2 large tomatoes, cored and diced
4 cloves garlic, minced
3 jalapenos, cored, seeded and diced
2 bay leaves
1/2 c. chicken stock
1/4 c. lime juice
2 tbsp. white wine vinegar
4 oz. cheddar cheese
1/2 head romaine lettuce
6-inch soft corn tortillas
fresh salsa
roasted habanero salsa
Mix the spices, salt and pepper together and roll the beef roast in the mixture to coat. Place it in a slow cooker, top with the chopped vegetables, then pour over the chicken stock, lime juice and vinegar. Cover and cook on the low setting of the slow cooker for six hours without disturbing.
When the beef is done, skim off the fat that has risen to the surface. Remove the roast and set aside. Pour the remaining broth and vegetables through a strainer into a bowl; reserve the vegetable mixture and discard the bay leaves.
In a large saucepan over high heat, boil the broth until it is reduced to 1 cup, about 25 minutes. Meanwhile, shred the beef with your hands into bite-size strips. Put in a bowl and mix in the cooked vegetables. Mix in the reduced broth and season with salt to taste. Return the mixture to the saucepan, cover and keep warm. (You can stop at this point and refrigerate the beef mixture for a day if desired.)
Just before serving, preheat the oven to 200 degrees. Using a food processor, grate the cheese and shred the lettuce. Heat a small frying pan over medium-high heat and griddle the tortillas one by one until brown spots appear on each side, keeping them warm in the oven as you go. Alternately, microwave the whole stack of tortillas under a damp paper towel.
Serve as a buffet: tortillas in a covered dish, plus separate dishes of beef barbacoa, lettuce, cheese, and fresh and hot salsas. Let your guests assemble their own tacos.
Serves 8-10.


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I have just recently subscribed to wordpress.com for $99 which includes purchasing mitch625.com through the registration process.
I have made a pretty silly mistake by signing up to wordpress.com as this is hosted. I want to be self hosted so I can use custom themes from elegantthemes.com.
Now, can anyone direct me in the right steps on how to do this. I am interested in using bluehost.com.
Newbie here, so i apologise for this that may seem obvious ;).
Let me know f you need any more information.
The blog I need help with is mitch625.com.


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Archive for the 'Tombstone Tuesday' Category
Tombstone Tuesday – Lawrence Emael Johnson
Tuesday, January 26th, 2010
Today seem to be a good day to get back up on the horse. I have taken a break from my blog. Life just got a little busy and I had to spend more time with my living family instead of researching my dead ones. But the dead do have a way of calling for […]
Tombstone Tuesday – Sylvester Henry Earl
Tuesday, October 27th, 2009
Sylvester Henry Earl was born on 16 Aug 1815 in Scioto County, Ohio, USA. He died 23 July 1873 Middleton, Emery, Utah, USA. He is my great great great grandfather. He was a Mormon Pioneer and was part of the original party to enter the Salt Lake Valley in 1847. After several years he and […]


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Growth at the Expense of Brand Value
Published by Steve on | Leave a response
On the subject of coffee parlours, today I read a great diagnosis of the growth-induced erosion of Starbucks' brand value and, consequentially, the erosion of their growth. Clearly Starbucks have lessons to learn about balancing growth with brand, but they certainly aren't new lessons. What happened? Read John Quelch's article "How Starbucks' Growth Destroyed Brand […]
The Last Mile
Published by Steve on | Leave a response
I like the coffee from Take 5 Cafe. Beats Starbucks hands down. I mean, when all that the Starbucks "barista" has to do is press a button to brew a shot … well, I'm sure Starbucks was aiming for infallible consistency while maximizing throughput but they lost the plot when it comes to the ceremony […]


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In the dimly lit corners of the shadowy juke joints of the world, a girl had been waiting for the Internet to be ready for her emergence, and then, finally! A sign: the .ninja top-level domain! And with a few clicks of the mouse and some tapping of keys, the JukeJoint.ninja was born!
Or maybe not. I may have taken a few liberties with the story, but what it should reveal is that I am a geek, I love to dance, among many other things, and I am very good at what I do.


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You are here:
Keith Moon's Drumkits: 1965 Premier single-bass drum kit
1965 Premier single-bass drum kit details
Red Sparkle kit, delivered 1965. Moon signed with Premier and began a permanent relationship with the firm.
- Likely first date used:
- 1965
- Likely last date used:
- 30 May 1966 – Pop Gala Festival, Sincil Bank Football Ground, Lincoln, UK.
Premier Red Sparkle kit (in birch)
- One 22″ bass drum
- One 16″ x 16″ floor tom
- One 16″ x 20″ floor tom
- Two 14″ x 8″ toms
- 14″ x 5½″ Premier "2000" metal shell snare drum
- 20″ ride
- 18″ crash
- 14″ hi-hats
Selected quote
All quotes and references are copyright their original owners and are included for reference only.
Melody Maker, 28 Aug. 1965
Drummer Keith hasn't done all badly. He joined the group 10 months ago and has thundered his way through no less than three drum kits. Kit number one cost £150, number two £400, and his latest full regalia left little change out of £500. That makes £1,550 — on HP. Keith Has a phenomenal drumstick bill. He breaks about 4 pairs of sticks a night at £1 a pair — over £100 a month. A cymbal usually cracks every two weeks. So that's £40 a month and he reckons on £10 worth of hi-hats going monthly. He cannot estimate how many skins he gets through because it varies. They cost 25s each.
December 1966 Beat Instrumental letter
December 1966 Beat Instrumental letter, courtesy Tam Rankin.
A December 1966 Beat Instrumental magazine letter indicating the kit was delivered November 1965, not August/September, as previously thought.
Moon kit
Dear Sir,
How long has Keith Moon had his Premier kit and how many times has he had to replace it? How much does each new set cost?
D. Thomas, Birmingham
Answer:–Keith bought his first red glitter Premier kit last November. He has replaced many skins, pedals and cymbals but so far has never had to replace any drums. The kit originally cost around £200. But, since then, he's added several drums to it.
Resources and Information
Many thanks to the following, who have made this page possible:
- Martin Forsbom (email@example.com)
- Brad Rodgers at whocollection.com.
- Huw Owens (firstname.lastname@example.com)
Additional information:
- Brad Rodgers at whocollection.com.
- David Brewis at Rock Stars Guitars, for pictures of Moon's drumsticks, timbales, claves and drumheads.
- Tam Rankin at vintprem.moonfruit.com for information on vintage Premier drums.
- Drums & Drumming magazine, October/November 1989.
- Modern Drummer, September 2003.
- Moon, the Life and Death of a Rock Legend, by Tony Fletcher. 1999.
Manufacturers' sites
- Premier Drums: premier-percussion.com
- Ludwig Drums: ludwig-drums.com
- Paiste Cymbals: paiste.com
- Zildjian Cymbals: zildjian.com
- Slingerland Drums: slingerland.com (now owned by Gibson)
- Vistalites Drums: vistalites.com
- Zickos Drums: zickosdrums.com


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Customer Experience Rule #1 has nothing to do with customer experience. Rather, it's all about the Employee Experience – because if your staff isn't happy, satisfied, and equipped to do their jobs… then there's little chance they'll come through for your customers.
Great Employee Experiences don't develop in a vacuum. They arise from the very deliberate management efforts of skilled leaders. But managers come in all shapes and sizes, and oftentimes, they need to adjust their leadership style in order to effectively foster a healthier, more engaging work environment.
Watermark's views on this topic were recently featured by American Express on their OPEN Forum online business community. Read the OPEN Forum article to learn more.


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Sarah Prager is an advocate for queer history education particularly for youth. HarperCollins published her first book, Queer, There, and Everywhere: 23 People Who Changed the World, on May 23, 2017. The book has received three starred reviews, is an official selection of the Junior Library Guild, and a nominee for a New England Book Award.
In 2013, Sarah created Quist, a free app for iOS, Android, and Windows that brings LGBTQ and HIV history to life with a following of over 35,000 from over 100 countries. Sarah's writing has been published in The Advocate, Huffington Post, QED: A Journal in GLBTQ Worldmaking, It Gets Better Project's blog, and various other newspapers, magazines, and blogs. She has been a guest on HuffPost Live, the Michelangelo Signorile Show on Sirius XM Progress Radio, and The List on ABC2.
Sarah was raised in Connecticut, and began her life as an activist at age 14 when she came out as a lesbian. By the time she moved to Boston at age 17 she had been a keynote speaker at a rally of hundreds, founded the largest student group at her high school, and traveled to 17 countries.
She received her Bachelor of Arts in Hispanic Language & Literatures from Boston University in 2008, with a course of study which included one academic year spent at the Universidad de Burgos in Spain where her courses focused on political science. During her time at BU, Sarah served as president of the Palestinian-Israeli Peace Alliance and the LGBTQA student organization. She also held several months-long internships a variety of non-profits for causes from public health to microcredit in locations from Paraguay to Bulgaria.
She earned her Certificate of Professional Communication from Emerson College in 2012, a series of courses focused on writing for the web. From 2008 to 2013 she worked for five non-profits on online communications, including the Justice Resource Institute in Boston and Maryland Coalition Against Sexual Assault in Annapolis. Sarah served as the Volunteer Chair of the Boston Pride Committee for Pride 2010, which involved recruiting and organizing hundreds of volunteers for Boston's 40th annual Pride Week.
GO Magazine named her one of the 13 Red Hot Entrepreneurs of 2013. In 2014 she worked with Apple and Google to make their tech policies more inclusive of bisexual terms. She was also invited to the White House to contribute on LGBTQ tech issues that year.
Writing and speaking on queer history continues to be her main focus, though she is also the part-time Web Content Manager for the Presbyterian Peace Fellowship. She hosts the YouTube series Quistory in your Neighborhood.
She lives with her wife, their daughter, and three cats in Wallingford, CT.


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The Los Angeles Lakers have unveiled the patch that is being added to their jerseys, in order to honor their owner, Jerry Buss, who died Monday at the age of 80.
The patch is simple, featuring the owner's initials JB in yellow on a purple patch, outlines in black.
The Lakers already are selling the patches on their website, to add to your jersey or your patch collection.
Buss is recognized in the NBA as a remarkably successful owner, netting 10 World Championships since buying the team in 1979.
The patches will be worn on both home and away jerseys, though the yellow is the only look that has been shown. One assumes the patch will be the same, and will be placed identically on the white jersey.
I clean, simple memorial patch for the Lakers, in team colors rather than black and white. A nice reminder of the owner that touched many folks lives and earned an outpouring of condolences.
JR Francis is an actor, writer, director, graphic designer, UX guru, father, comedian, and craft beer snob. You can reach him at email@example.com or on Twitter @JRFrancisSLN*One of several full-time uniform reporters this site has including its founder, Chris Creamer, who started his site in 1997
I Prefer the black band.
Great gesture, awful execution. It should mimic the wordmark or be solid purple with white/silver letters. Trying to hard.
Yeah. I feel the initials are hard to see because the white outline. Maybe putting a black or purple outline between the yellow and white
Nice! What would they do if they had ads on the jersey, hope they never do that.
I wonder if the LA Kings will honour him?
rather have "buss" then JB, it's like their honoring bieber
Buss or Doc would have worked better. There is only one JB (not the teenage heartthrob from Canada) and the The Hardest Working Man In Showbusiness, the Godfather of Soul, unfortunately already passed away some years ago and had no (known) connection with the Lakers. This logo is nice and simple, but a black outline of the funky font woulld have looked superior. Rest In Peace, Dr. Jerry Buss. Buying the Lakers in 1979 is the one of the most important moment in the history of the franchise in Los Angeles. He played a big part in all those championships by appointing the right people at the right time.