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Cartridge Information and Pricing
The Brother LC61 ink cartridge (a.k.a. LC-61) is the 8th edition in the "LC" series from Brother. This new line of cartridges made their debut in June 2008 in the Brother DCP-165c printer and are widely used in many more printers today.
LC61 ink cartridges produce excellent quality prints, at a relatively low price per page compared to other cartridge brands in the same class. These cartridges have received a perfect 4 star rating for ease of use and value.
When you order from ASAP Inkjets, not only will get some of the lowest prices for printer ink on the internet, but you will also enjoy free shipping and the convenience of speedy front door delivery to your home or office.
If you're looking to save a little money, compatible ink cartridges can be a great alternative. They will produce clean black text and vibrant colors, with equal page yield and quality to that of the original Brother ink cartridges.
The compatible versions of the LC61 have a slightly different exterior shell, yet install and perform just as good as you're used to with genuine OEM cartridges (Original Equipment Manufacturer). They have been produced under strict quality standards in an ISO 9002/14001 & STMC Certified manufacturing facility using state of the art production techniques and equipment, and are guaranteed to meet or exceed OEM specifications. You should notice no difference in performance or quality compared to Brother brand ink cartridges. You can expect them to perform flawlessly in your printer.
In fact, all printer supplies we sell (genuine OEM brand and compatible cartridges) come with a 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you're not happy with your cartridges for any reason, ASAP Inkjets will fix the problem with a replacement or refund. It's as easy as that.
Buy LC61 Ink Cartridges Here:
To buy any of the LC61 ink cartridges listed below, simply find the particular cartridge you need, and then just click the red and yellow "Buy" button next to the price to add it to your shopping cart. All of our orders are fulfilled by ASAP Inkjets, a leading online retailer of quality printer supplies at discount prices. Visit their site to find out more information on the LC61 and other ink cartridges for Brother.
All of our products (including LC61 ink cartridges) are backed by a 100% satisfaction guarantee. ASAP Inkjets promises that you will be happy with your purchase — Guaranteed. The LC61 compatible ink cartridges shown above are manufactured in ISO 9002/14001 & STMC Certified facilities and are guaranteed to meet or exceed OEM specifications.


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Good Questions: Lawson-Fenning?
Matt is from Chicago, but needs some local-based opinions:
Hi ATLA, I'm considering buying a chair from a furniture design company in LA called Lawson-Fenning. I've seen a post on them on your blog but was hoping to get some reader feedback on the quality of their pieces. I live in Chicago and can't check out the quality of their craftsmanship, comfort, etc. Their price points are high end but I'd rather not use that as an indicator of their quality. Any feedback you can provide would be appreciated. Thanks!
(Note: Include a pic of your problem and your question gets posted first.)
Link To All Good Questions
In case anyone is anyone is unfamiliar with Lawson-Fenning, click here for our store review from last year. Although we personally have not been able to purchase anything from them, everything we've seen from them has appeared quite solid and worthy of an investment. They also have some vintage pieces that always are in pristine condition. Has anyone else ever had any experience with Lawson-Fenning? Matt would definitely appreciate additional feedback!

subset: commoncrawl


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Roof Repair in Clackamas, Oregonon Monday, December 28, 2015
Whether you need to fix a minor leak or need your Clackamas roof resurfaced, you can trust our team to have your best interests as our top priority. We want you to feel secure beneath your roof knowing it's properly maintained and appropriately repaired when it needs to be.
We offer the following maintenance services for your Clackamas, Oregon roof:
- Maintenance of your current roof
- Cleaning your roof of debris while inspecting the integrity of your structure
- Repairing any damage
Trust Us to Help Keep You Safe
If you have any doubts about the structural integrity of your old roof, consider having one of our qualified technicians come to your home to give it a proper evaluation. You can never be too careful. It is better to take precautionary measures to make sure your roof is properly cared for, rather than have to clean up after a collapse.
Call 503-492-7663 today to schedule your free professional in-home consultation!
Learn more about our Clackamas, Oregon roofing services at: greshamroofing.com/roofing-and-construction-in-clackamas-or/


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Owner - Lynda
Silly habits - Dressing up in formal dinner wear
Naughtiest moment - Upstaging the bride
Bendrix would say - 'Pretentious? Moi?'
Click on another pet to find out more about them. Think your pet's better than this lot? Email us a picture, answering the questions above and see if they make it into our gallery of favourites.


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Healthy Diet Menu – Should it Include Rotisserie Chicken?
"Is Rotisserie Chicken Healthy?"
Two months ago I would have given a hearty "YES" as a reply to that question!
[FacebookOTOCampaign Id=2 profile_id="random" unit_id="1″ like="" share="" comment=""]
If you look online, here is the top answer from Yahoo Answers:
Best Answer – Chosen by Voters
Chicken is chicken. Rotisserie chicken is just the way they cook it. So, yes, chicken is healthy.
or another answer:
However, for it to be "healthy" you should remove the skin and stick with the white meat (breast) as the skin is almost entirely saturated fat and dark meat higher in calories and fat.
Rotisserie style chicken is probably the most health conscious method of cooking as it doesn't add any additional oils, fats, or batters.
Even though rotisserie chicken has gotten glowing reviews – It can no longer be a part of our healthy diet menu!
I needed a break from all this cooking so we stop at a local supermarket chain after church to pick up a rotisserie chicken and vegetables. It was delicious!
When we got home we made a salad and had the chicken for our protein requirement. To top it off, it lasted through lunch the next day!
However the next day my son's headache was much worse and he was down for the next three days. The only new food was the rotisserie chicken. But how could that be!?!?
It was chicken!
I called the store and after talking with several employees, they finally tracked down the box that the chickens were shipped to the store in and low and behold was the "less than 2%".
Lesson learned – while my son is hyper sensitive, I have to make everything from scratch! It requires a lot of work but the results are well worth it!
NOTE: The rotisserie chicken did not affect myself, my husband or my daughter.
Time to start getting the next meal ready… make sure you know what should be in your healthy diet menu – as you can see it is different for every family member.
Learn how to easily cook your own rotisserie chicken here.


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Edna superintendent resigns at board's request
July 8, 2013 at 2:08 a.m.
After 14 years with Edna school district, superintendent Bob Wells has resigned.
The Edna school board accepted Wells' resignation during a special meeting June 24. The date was Wells' 14th work anniversary with the district.
Board members unanimously voted for Wells to step down, with a tentative ending date of June 30, 2014.
"It is my plan when my time is up to relax for a little while and rest and decompress and then make a long-term career decision," Wells, 63, said Monday. "I may apply for another superintendency or go to a university and teach."
An official statement released by the school district regarding Wells' resignation stated board members did not share a common vision for running the district:
"For school systems to be successful, the seven members of the board and the superintendent must share a common vision for the district and share a common philosophy of how to achieve that vision. This is no longer true in Edna. That is the reason the board requested Mr. Wells departure and why Mr. Wells agreed to do so. The separation is civil and professional."
Wells said the board's decision was unexpected, and he is working with board members to finalize a leave date, which may be sometime this year.
There are some projects to be accomplished before Wells' departure, he said, and board members may advise him to accomplish those tasks before asking the superintendent to leave office.
"I really don't know when I will leave. My guess is that it will be before Christmas, but that's just a guess," he said.
Multiple calls to school board president Patrick Brzozowski were not returned.


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My brake lights, blinkers, hazards, horn & ac all blew out while I was driving. We went to autozone they said we needed to change the relay because we changed the fuses and they blew out right away. We couldn't find any relays that looked the same. We looked for exposed wires, most were taped by previous owners. We retaped them better and changed the fuses. Everything worked fine for a week, once again they all blew out while I was driving. What else can be an issue?
have the same problem?
Friday, September 27th, 2013 AT 12:33 PM


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Caroline Queen hopes to apply experiences from London to Rio
By Mat Mikesell | BSU at the Games
Whether it was walking with Team USA during the Opening Ceremony or playing Sudoku on the treadmills in the workout room, kayaker Caroline Queen will leave London with memories she will never forget.
Though the Darnestown, Md., native placed 17th in the women's K1, two spots shy of qualifying for the semifinals, she is taking her experiences from London to Rio de Janeiro in 2016.
"This whole experience has been incredible," Queen said. "The result wasn't what I'm capable of."
Her parents, David and Sharon, as well as her cousin and a number of family friends, joined her in London. Even after watching her compete in athletics throughout her youth, they were still the typical nervous mom and dad during her run to the Olympic Games.
"Watching major competitions is extraordinarily nerve-wracking for parents," Sharon Queen said. "[Her father and I] hope that Caroline will compete well and fulfill her expectations, but we cannot control what happens."
Once her daughter finally qualified for the Olympic Games, she was relieved the grueling process spanning more than nine months and three countries was over.
The kayaker came to London having little expectations of what the Olympic Village and the Games would be like but came away with a positive experience. She loved being able to train whenever she wanted, for as long as she wanted. She was also a fan of having fresh seafood and grilled vegetables available to her in the cafeteria.
But since she was eliminated from her competition Monday, she's had more time for herself and to enjoy London with her family.
"I've been to the gym a couple times and did some running," Queen said. "I went with my family earlier this week and saw 'Spamalot.'"
Ranked 38th in the world by the International Canoe Federation, the 20-year-old Queen has a chance to improve considerably as one of the younger competitors when she attempts to qualify for the 2016 Olympic Games.
Despite her potential, though, Queen always been an advocate for helping younger younger than her train for the Olympic Games. Now that she's finally competed in one, she has more advice for them when she returns to the United States.
"It's an honor and it's something I'll always take with me," Queen said. "It's something you want to chase for sure. It's an experience any athlete wants."
This weekend she heads home to the United States, where she will return to Davidson College in Davidson, N.C., for the fall semester. But in between her studies, she will continue to train.
Her parents said Caroline learned the lesson of grace in London from not getting the result she hoped for while competing. Her mother said she showed great character on the course as well as in her conduct afterward.
If she doesn't medal in Rio de Janeiro, her mother said she still expects her daughter to compete at her highest level.
"We expect her to enjoy the experience and do her best," Sharon Queen said. "That is all we ever expect. Life is about living your experiences rather than racking up results."
Mat Mikesell is a senior journalism major at Ball State University covering badminton, canoeing and sailing for BSU at the Games. Follow Mat and the BSU team at @MatMikesell, @bsuatthegames and www.facebook.com/bsuatthegames.
- July 31, 2012 - Underdog wrestler keeps his Olympic promise
- April 30, 2012 - USA Diving's Thomas Finchum performs on many stages


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Comparing Online Gaming Between Tablets and Mobile Phones
Sales of smartphones and tablet are outstripping those of PCs and laptops. Although there has been a huge increase in tablet users over the last year, smartphone users are now spending more time online and consuming more online data than tablet users. Interestingly around 41% of tablet users and 39% of smartphone users are duel screen users, meaning that they use their tablets and smartphones while watching TV. Both smartphone and tablet users spend a great deal of their time playing online games on these devices and overall tablets are favoured over phones for doing so.
Comparing the technologies of the current generations of mobile phones and tablets, from the point of view of processing power there is very little difference between the two. The latest generation of phones now have eight core processors, but it won't be long before we see similar processing power in tablets. That is a huge amount of processing power, but no doubt games developers soon will find ways of making use of it.
The obvious advantage of tablets is their larger display size, but the display sizes of some of the latest Android smartphones are nearly as large as the smaller tablets. Also, while tablets have larger displays, top end smartphones such as the Samsung Galaxy 4 have superior resolution, so what is lost on the roundabouts is gained on the swings. While mobile phones win in terms of convenience, tablets still hold the edge in terms of display size.
Ultimately, when choosing between a smartphone and a tablet, it comes down to user preference. If you like online casino games such as roulette and blackjack at sites https://www.jackpotcity.co.uk/online-slots/ while on the go then you are likely to prefer using a mobile phone, but if you prefer playing more graphically complex games then a tablet is likely to be your choice.
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Latinitas talk to college admission officers about how to start preparing for college and a successful future.
Why do you think college is important?
"It teaches you how to think. You don't learn everything in college, but you learn how to find answers for the rest of your life. Also, you learn to live with people different from yourself." -Robyn Ross, St. Edward's University
"The benefits of college are great and are key to helping you have a successful future." -Patty Prado, University of Texas at Austin
What can middle schoolers do to start preparing for college?
"Take challenging classes, honors, more math, science and foreign language. Start to get involved in student activities. Learn how to study! Take your grades seriously." -Patty Prado
"Read, learn to love to read, take computer classes, ask friends and families about their colleges." -Robyn Ross
What do you think is the biggest myth about college?
"That it is for people that have a lot of money. That you are there to be given a degree. College is what you make of it. If you work hard and take advantage of opportunities, you can do anything!" -Robyn Ross
"That it's too expensive, it's too hard to get in and succeed." -Patty Prado
What other advice would you offer to young girls about college?
"Staying on top of things academically in school will be best preparation for being admitted and succeeding in college." -Patty Prado
"Follow your dreams. Don't just do what others want for you like boyfriends, friends, or your parents. If you want to go away for college, this is a great time in life to experience something new. If you want to study a subject that not many women are involved with, there are lots of scholarships and special programs. Did you know more girls are going to college than boys today? And this is after most colleges were men only until 40 or 50 years ago!" -Robyn Ross
April 2011


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The Sexy Scary Six is a file format that assaults you with whispers. There are six tracks, each one different, that brainwash you, confuse you, bully you and overwhelm you and take you under. Reprogramming is at it's most overwhelmingly delicious in these files!
This file is sexy, of course – you're going to love this, you're going to explode! But the scary part is that you don't know exactly what I'll be implanting into you. The only hints I'll give for this file is that it focuses on how much you love getting fucked with a strap on. What sexy scary places could this file take you?


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50 f/1.4 USM vs 40 STM vs Zeiss 55 f/1.8
not bad for a "budget lens" - really not bad - especially compare to the Canon offerings
(data taken from SLRgear)
As expected - at f/5.6 all lenses perform more or less equally - but the wide open performance of the new Zeiss 55 f/1.8 is phenomenal compare to the Canon offerings - if the rest of the product line from Sony is on a similar level I am even more tempted by the A7R offering!
Most impressive is the comparison to the STM 40 - which is truly a unique offering in size and weight but the total weight (even with a 6D) is roughly double the weight of the A7R plus the 55 f/1.8
All results to be take with a huge grain of salt of course!!
BUT looking at the f/1.8 performance I am really looking forward to the next lenses from Sony and from Canon - the bar is set a bit higher now - good for us customers
isn't it funny, a ship that leaks from the top
ISO 9000 definition of quality: 'Degree to which a set of inherent characteristic fulfills requirements'
I am the classic "Windows by Day, Mac by Night user'
"The horizon of many people is a circle with zero radius which they call their point of view." Albert Einstein
don't feed trolls - ignore them
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Former State Sen. Art Torres, who retired from the California Democratic Party's chairmanship last week after 13 years in the post, publicly thanked his longtime partner, Gonzalo Escudero, for his support at last week's going-away tribute — a move being hailed in LGBT publications as a long-awaited coming out.
The Bay Area Reporter noted that Torres, saying goodbye to Dems at last week's Sacramento convention dinner, noted that Escudero has provided years of support, including patiently driving him "up and down the state" for political events throughout his tenure as the top Dem official in California.
State Sen. Mark Leno, D-San Francisco, who is gay, told the BAR that Torres' move to come out at the dinner attended by his 89-year-old mother and adult children was "well-received" by his fans in the party.
"Everyone gave him a lot of love and love to the both of them," Leno told the BAR of Torres and Escudero. "I was very pleased to see it, of course, and it was appropriate for Art to do it. No one blinked and everyone cheered."
Torres has traditionally thanked his family in many political events, but he had not, until last week, publicly mentioned his partner.
Torres, who is now vice chairman of the California Institite for Regenerative Medicine based in San Francisco, was succeeded in the post of Democratic Party chairman last weekend by former State Sen. President Pro Tem John Burton of San Francisco.


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Spent the weekend in Washington, D.C.
Had to make three stops:
Lincoln Memorial – I love reading his speech that he gave at his second inauguration and to stand on the steps of the memorial and see the Washington Monument and the Capitol in the distance. Gives me a great sense of pride in our nation.
Vietnam War Memorial – I'm always moved by the Park rangers helping families find the names of their loved ones and making etchings of the engraved names. The rangers softly tell the families: "Sorry for your loss. Thank you for their service to our country."
Chinese restaurant – Doesn't matter which one as long as it's not a buffet.


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Make a lifelong impact-Volunteer in Hospice
Cause Areas
WhenIt's flexible! We'll work with your schedule.
WhereLocation VariesVirginia Beach, VA 23321
Make a lifelong difference in for the hospice patients and their families! Heartland Hospice volunteer opportunities are perfect for you! Our volunteers provide many different types of non-medical support for our hospice program and those coping with life-limiting illnesses, grief, and loss. Volunteers are the heart of Heartland Hospice, offering comfort to families and patients at the end-of-life. Volunteer opportunities range from administrative, bereavement support, special events, and other specialty support such as knitting, crafting, massage therapy, and more! Volunteering for direct patient care is also available and may include sitting with patient, reading, listening to music, and socialization
- Administrative Support
- Customer Service
- Massage Therapy
- Elder care
- Bereavement Support
- Hospice Care
Good Match For
People 55+
Requirements & Commitment
- Driver's License Needed
- Background Check
- Orientation or Training
More opportunities with Heartland Hospice
- Make a lifelong impact-Volunteer...
- Volunteers needed in Suffolk,...
- Vigil Volunteers Needed
- Bereavement Program Volunteers...
- Hospice Volunteers Needed in...
- Vigil Volunteers for Hospice
- Hospice Volunteer
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- Volunteer once per week in Norfolk
- Hospice Volunteers in...
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- Hair Stylist-Hospice
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- Volunteer once a week in...
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- Massage Therapy-Hospice
- Volunteer once per week!


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From today's editorials: Early retirement may sound like a savings, but the state has yet to prove it.
The math of early retirement incentives sounds simple: Subtracting older, higher paid workers from government equals a smaller payroll.
The problem is, the full equation is much more complicated, and as far as we can tell, New York's decision makers haven't done their homework to see if this is really a smart idea.
The memo that came with the early retirement bill pushed by Governor Paterson and passed by the Legislature last week says it all. It contains no detailed financial analysis, only a general, hypothetical and rather confusing discussion that boils down to this: The plan should save the government some money, and will probably cost the retirement system something, but danged if we know how much.
This is what passes for sound financial management? For legislative oversight?
Is it too much to expect a little due diligence before the governor signs this bill? Or, even better, for the state to hold off and consider this in the bigger picture of a balanced budget?
This is, unfortunately, all too typical of New York's view of the pension system. It's a nearly $130 billion pool — and that's just one fund for state and local employees; there are more for teachers, police, firefighters and New York City employees — that's useful for dumping senior employees into now and then to relieve some budget pressure.
But the relief is deceptive. Early retirement programs allow workers to retire without penalty months or years before they normally could, and even get credit in some cases for time they didn't work and neither they nor their employers paid into the system. The latest proposal, for example, would give employees an extra month of service credit, up to three years, for each year they worked. A second option would allow them to retire at age 55 with 25 years of service, not the usual 30 years.
That means these new retirees would be drawing money out of the pension system months or years longer than planned. And, unless the funds' investment returns make up for the cost, the expense ultimately has to be picked up by governments. Which is to say, taxpayers.
Nor is it clear whether this will even lower the cost of government much over the long haul. Not all the positions of people who retire under this plan would be eliminated. So in time, the state, and local governments that opt into the program, could have much the same payroll as today, plus the higher bill for a pension system that is absorbing retirees faster than it was designed to.
The state has resorted to these early retirement deals 10 times since 1983, yet according to state Comptroller Thomas DiNapoli's office, it has never analyzed the costs and benefits.
So once again, New York's leaders seem to be solving the state's financial problems piecemeal. They cast about for isolated solutions rather than put together a responsible, balanced budget. They try to put off today's bills to tomorrow, and not even do tomorrow the courtesy of saying what the tab will be.
Just imagine taking out loan after loan against your IRA or 401(k), yet never keeping track of how much it's costing or what you'll have left when you're ready to retire.
The only difference is that while no one will bail you out, the governor and Legislature know that they have someone who will.
That, of course, is you.


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HealthCare.gov Debacle Reveals Flaws in Contractor ScreeningTweet
January 3, 2014
Amid the holiday season craziness, The Washington Post published an in-depth account of how a subsidiary of Canadian IT giant CGI Group won the contract to lead the design and testing of the HealthCare.gov website.
The article debunked rumors that cronyism motivated the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS) September 2011 decision to award CGI Federal the $93.7 million contract. Instead, the Post found that the main culprit was CMS, which by its own admission "dropped the ball" on evaluating the company's background.
Specifically, what CMS contracting officials overlooked and/or downplayed was that more than 100 of CGI's employees came from Virginia-based IT company American Management Systems (AMS), which CGI acquired in 2004. According to the Post, AMS had mishandled at least 20 government IT projects, including one particularly well-publicized fiasco involving the Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board's $36 million overhaul of its recordkeeping system.
AMS's questionable past performance on government contracts should have set off alarms in 2007, when CMS awarded CGI and 15 other companies an umbrella contract allowing them to bid on future CMS projects. In fact, a former CMS official told the Post that AMS's track record "could well have knocked [CGI Federal] out of the competition, and probably should have."
The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) requires contracting officials to review bidders' past performance, including the past performance of their predecessor companies. In the case of HealthCare.gov, however, the Post discovered that CMS assigned past performance very low priority, ranking it fifth in importance out of seven factors, and only reviewing past performance since 2007. CMS selected CGI for the HealthCare.gov project over three other companies (IBM, Computer Sciences Corporation, and Quality Software Services) mainly on the basis of technical competency and cost, although the Post found that the cost of CGI's bid proposal was not the lowest of the four.
The part of the Post story that really rankled the Project On Government Oversight is contained in this passage:
While it is unclear whether agency officials examined the AMS track record, former CMS officials said it probably would not have made much difference, because past performance has long been an overlooked component of federal contracting.
POGO has long been aware that the government often fails to adequately screen its contractors. This is what inspired POGO to create the Federal Contractor Misconduct Database and to constantly implore the government to improve and publicly disclose contractor past performance and responsibility information. But the admission from those former CMS officials that the government shirks its regulatory duty to screen contractors really surprised us. The government should not have such a blasé attitude regarding the past performance of contractors to which it entrusts billions of dollars for projects and programs that are literally a matter of life and death. We hope the epic embarrassment of the HealthCare.gov rollout—and its troubling backstory—will do for federal contracting what the Edward Snowden revelations are doing for federal surveillance programs: spark a vigorous public debate and get the ball rolling on long-term fixes.
Investigator, POGO
Neil Gordon is an investigator for the Project On Government Oversight. Neil investigates and maintains POGO's Federal Contractor Misconduct Database.
Topics: Contract Oversight
Related Content: Contractor Accountability, Public Health, Federal Contractor Misconduct, Waste
Authors: Neil Gordon
Related Posts
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Justice Department Plan to Weed Out "Frivolous" Whistleblower Cases May Do More Harm than GoodJanuary 31, 2018
Scott Pruitt to Testify Today: Here Are POGO's Most Pressing QuestionsJanuary 30, 2018
The Dark Side of the "World's Most Admired" CompaniesJanuary 26, 2018
IT Contracts Worth Billions Lack Proper Oversight, GAO ReportsJanuary 23, 2018
Record-Breaking National Disaster Recovery Budget Should Include Ample OversightJanuary 19, 2018
Privatized Tax Collection Loses Money, Hurts the PoorJanuary 12, 2018
Audit Finds Pentagon Task Force Squandered Millions, Had Few SuccessesJanuary 10, 2018


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Once entering the anal cavity has occured, and one is fairly certain that his dick will be shitty when it is removed, the subject will then quickly make the transition between brown-eye to pink-eye with hopes of cleaning up thine own trouser snake a bit before having to look at it.
"I plunged my anaconda into that big greasy bitchs ass and smelt something fucky so I had to perfrom the anal cleanse."
by The Sultan of Swagger June 23, 2009
Available Domains :D
- analclean.se
- analcleanse.ninja
- analcleanse.org


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En español | Subscribe: RSS Search
William Asher
William Asher: He Directed What May Be the Funniest Scene in Television History
For anyone in television, achievement isn't just measured by the Nielsen ratings, or even by winning an Emmy. Instead, the pinnacle of small-screen genius is that magic little moment of a show that everyone remembers and talks about years, or even decades, afterward. Case in point: William Asher, the prolific TV writer-director-producer of the 1950s and 1960s who was involved in an array of classic sitcoms, from I Love Lucy, Our Miss Brooks and The Patty Duke Show to Bewitched, …


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You are cordially invited to join members of the First Unitarian Church's Anti-Racism Working Group to explore the issue of white privilege in our everyday lives and our society.Wilburn is a great and will do a wonderful job in this role.
Join us for a respectful, probing examination of white privilege and its consequences for all of us—black, white, brown, yellow, red or in-between.
Led by Wilburn Hayden, Jr., PA's Social Worker of the year for 2006, PhD, ACSW, CMSW and SCWM, an accomplished facilitator workshop leader, this session will take place
FRIDAY, April 27 6 to 8 p.m.—Panel: Up Close and Personal—Shared experiences
SATURDAY, April 28 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. — Sessions covering: History, Definition of white privilege, discussion of racial, social and economic injustice and the often invisible role of white privilege, dismantling white privilege—taking action as a community
First Unitarian Church of Pittsburgh, corner of Ellsworth and Morewood in Shadyside, Friday 4/27 6 p.m. (light supper included), Saturday 4/28 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. (breakfast and lunch included). Fees: $10 to cover food and materials ($5 for students)
ALL WELCOME! Please RSVP for planning materials and meals. EMAIL: email@example.com or call 412-441-3586
|Mark Rauterkus and Wilburn Hayden, Ph.D. from people & vips.


text: un691cs at genius.embnet.dkfz-heidelberg.de wrote: > > Hello, I have an interesting problem. > > I PCR a plasmid with one 3' primer, and several about 10 > 5' primers: > > ---> > ----> > ----> > ----> <---- > > the 3' primer is always the same. > As I know the promoter sequence in this construct, I > can accuredly predict the size of the expected PCR products (150-1500bp). > I get single bands in each lanes, the PCR worked well, as far as i > can see, products were checked by southern hybridization. > > Now what happens is that several bands do not run at the position > where I would expect them to migrate. This on a 2% gel. Then, If I run > the samples on a 1% gel, the positions of the bands are altered again, > but again not always to the expected position. for instance: a 450 bp signal > migrates as 800 on a 1% gel ! I can exclude a mix-up of samples. > > Is my DNA 'bend' or what ? Where in the literature can I get additional > info on this ? > > Could you answer by e-mail as well ? > > thanks, Clemens > > Uni Heidelberg What you might be getting is heteroduplex formation between your products. That is, some of the smaller fragments are hybridizing to the larger fragments resulting in a strech of duplex DNA with a single stranded tail. Because the tail has a much greater freedom of movement than the "stiffer" double-stranded section, it will not migrate through the gel matrix as easily and move more slowly the a fully double-stranded fragment of equal size. I have seen this same sort of thing with and internal 15 bp loop on a 250 bp fragment. The apperent size (in acrylamide) was 1600 bp! Try useing single pairs of primers as a control and size standard. Good Luck, Jim Kami Blue Rose Biotech


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Graduation is an important event for many students, and even teachers and parents. Even though it seems like a small part of the ceremony, a good graduation prayer sets the proper tone for the entire graduation event. While not all graduations have prayer, many have an invocation and a closing prayer, or some type of prayers integrated into the ceremony. Many schools have graduation Masses (Catholic) and/or other worship services. This prayer is adapted from the works of St. Francis De Sales. Please consider liking this prayer using the buttons above if this prayer helped you out.
Help us to not look forward in fear
to the changes in life;
Rather, may we look to the future with full hope,
because as changes arise,
you will lead us safely through all things,
because we are your very own,
and when we cannot stand it,
You will carry us in Your arms.
With you,
we shall not fear what may happen tomorrow;
because you are the understanding Father
who cares for us today,
and who will care for us tomorrow and every day.
We have faith, O Lord,
That you will either shield us from suffering,
or give us unfailing strength to bear it.
Put us at peace,
and give us the grace
to put aside all anxious thoughts and images.
We pray in the name of Jesus Christ,
Your Son, and Our Lord. Amen
Adapted by David Bennett
Updated 05-03-2017
ChurchYear.Net Online Prayer Book
ChurchYear.Net Basic
Questions?: ChurchYear.Net Answers
Return to ChurchYear.Net


text:
When to fly
The rainy season is May through to October, with September and October being the wettest months, however, the rain is usually brief and followed by sunshine. Hurricane season is around June to November, however, they are very rare. This period is also the low season and if you don't mind chancing the rain, can be a great time to get cheap flights to Montego Bay. Resort rates usually drop during these months as well and you'll still be able to enjoy the Caribbean climate with some lovely warm weather and sunny days.
The peak season throughout Jamaica and Montego Bay, runs from mid-December to mid-April. During this time hotels are booked months in advance, prices are higher and the area is packed full of tourists. Other notable busy times are holidays, such as Christmas, Easter and Spring Break. If you definitely want to visit Montego Bay during this period, make sure you book your flights and accommodation well in advance to get a better deal.
Montego Bay also boasts a whole host of travel-worthy festivals, throughout the year. October hosts the Soul in the Sun Music Festival, featuring R&B and Soul legends of the 80s and 90s. Montego Bay is buzzing during this 2 day event of The Best Soul Music Of Our Time, followed by an unforgettable Beach Party. Also during this month is the Jamaica Reggae Wine Festival, the first of its kind to be hosted in the Caribbean. Attracting wine lovers from all over the world, this is Jamaica's chance to showcase their Jamaican branded music, wine and fashion.
City overview
Montego Bay is a resort in the heart of Jamaica's Riviera section. It is known to the locals as "MoBay". Travellers are eager to dip their toes into the smooth white sands of the Jamaican coast, whether it's for a break with friends or a romantic getaway, a flight to Montego Bay is the first step toward a holiday in paradise.
Aside from the 10-mile shoreline and aquamarine waters, Montego Bay actually plays a pivotal role in world history. Christopher Columbus was the first European to set foot ashore Montego Bay in 1494, just two years after discovering America. Today, the resort area is Jamaica's most popular destination. Explore the sugar cane hills or relax under a banana tree. Golf on some the greenest courses in North America or ride the river on a bamboo raft built for two. Enjoy the reggae sounds that play through the island and take in one of the various music festivals that happen year-round.


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Windows 7 Home Premium 64-bit and FitDay PC
I have Windows 7 Home Premium, Service Pack 1. It's a 64-bit OS. Plenty of disk space, plenty of RAM. Will FitDay PC work on my system? I've searched the threads and found answers for Pro and Ultimate, but not for my flavor OS. Anyone?
Mine's working just fine.
|All times are GMT. The time now is 12:26 PM.


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Institute of Archaeology
ASE community heritage project under starters orders
24 September 2013
Archaeology South-East (ASE) are running the Palace House Community Heritage Project at the National Horseracing Museum, Newmarket, Suffolk.
ASE's Essex team will be leading a series of community archaeological excavations and investigations at Palace House, Newmarket over a number of weekends, half-term holidays and during term time in September through to November 2013.
These investigations will build on the success of Channel 4's Time Team project in 2011 (programme aired February 2012) which excavated elements of the original stables of Charles II.
The community archaeology programme started on 22 September 2013 to coincide with Newmarket Open Day when the National Horseracing Museum and Palace House Stables were open for visitors.
ASE staff, community volunteers and museum staff / volunteers will be looking at four areas of the site: recording a Farriers block, excavating a midden (muck heap!), excavating the Rothschild Yard Fountain (subsequently reused as a flower bed) and the Palace House garden, which, from available records, was in use during the 17th and 18th centuries.
About the NHRM
The National Horseracing Museum (opened in 1983) holds a nationally and internationally significant collection relating to the history and science of racehorses and the people and places connected with the sport and industry of horseracing. Exhibits include the history of horse racing, horse racing in the UK, trophies, paintings of famous horses, trainers and jockeys, jockey uniforms, betting, and horse racing memorabilia.
The National Horseracing Museum and its partner charities, the British Sporting Art Trust (BSAT) and Retraining of Racehorses (RoR), are currently involved in a major redevelopment project which will see them take over the surviving portion of Charles II's racing palace in the town of Newmarket. This new venue will become the National Heritage Centre for Horseracing and Sporting Art. A grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund is supporting these works.


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Antiques and Collectibles Show
During Red Hills Festival
For the fourth consecutive year, First United Methodist Church First United Methodist Church in Louisville will mount its Antiques and Collectibles Show and Sale during the annual Red Hills Festival on Saturday, May 25, 2013.
The Christian Life Center of the church will be filled with local and regional dealers displaying and offering a variety of products. All items will have been produced before 1975. Items from large furniture pieces, to primitive tools, to books, to glassware, to quilts and linens, to a vast variety of collectible items will be available for purchase.
The venue is air conditioned and offers a "cooling-off" point for those participating in the community-wide festival events outside. Church members will also prepare and offer for sale freshly made breakfasts (beginning at 7:30), lunches (at noon), snacks, and cold drinks.
Fun begins at this exciting event with breakfast at 7:30. The Show and Sale opens at 8:30 and concludes at 3:00 p.m.
For more information contact the church at 662-773-8064 or by e-mail at email@example.com.


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ABA Top 100 2013 : Page 18
The East Mid-Atlantic World Championship Punkin Chunkin Nassau, Del. Nov. 1-3, 2013 CONTACT : East Central A Country Christmas Nashville, Tenn. Nov. 15, 2013-Jan. 1, 2014 CONTACT : Chattanooga's Riverbend Music Festival Chattanooga, Tenn. June 7-15, 2013 CONTACT : Christmas at the Galt House Hotel Louisville, Ky. Nov. 16, 2013-Jan. 5, 2014 CONTACT : Frank Shade Karen Schneider (302) 645-1846 email@example.com www.punkinchunkin.com Tina Abellanosa Shelda Spencer Rees (502) 589-5200 firstname.lastname@example.com www.christmasatthegalthouse.com (615) 458-2800 email@example.com www.gaylordhotels.com (423) 424-4431 email@example.com www.riverbendfestival.com The World Famous Punkin Chunkin is a thrilling three-day pumpkin hurling event held in the town of Bridgeville, Del. Since 1986, Sussex County, Del., has been home to the annual Punkin Chunkin—an outdoor celebration where high-tech engineers and average Joe's transport their enormous homemade contraptions with one goal—hurling a 10-pound pumpkin as far as possible to claim the coveted title. NEARBY ATTRACTIONS : This Nashville tradition is back with live music, carriage rides, craft shows, photos with Santa, a Christmas Dinner Show, Radio City Christmas Spectacular & ICE! among nearly 2 million spectacular Christmas lights. It's everything Christmas and holiday wonderment at Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center. NEARBY ATTRACTIONS : Grand Ole Opry, General Jackson Showboat, Country Music Hall of Fame Dogfi sh The Riverbend Festival is an internationally award-winning nine-day music festival! Located in the heart of Chattanooga, there is no better way to enjoy your summer. Riverbend takes place on the waterfront along the Tennessee River. Boasting six stages with more than 100 bands featuring world-class entertain-ment ranging from blues, classic rock, country, christian, urban, and bluegrass. Riverbend draws more than 600,000 patrons an-nually. NEARBY ATTRACTIONS : Christmas at the Galt House Hotel is a multi-faceted holiday extravaganza highlighting the sights and sounds of the season. This is a full holiday experi-ence showcasing the nationally recognized and award winning KaLightoscope attraction with beautiful Chinese luminaries ranging from two to 25 feet. Also featured, a holiday dinner show specifi cally created for the tour industry that's guaranteed to ignite feelings that are happy, merry and bright. NEARBY ATTRACTIONS : Mega Head Brewery, Tanger Outlet Centers, Nassau Valley Vineyards Winery Tennessee Cavern/Lights Under Louisville, Holiday Dinner Show/Derby Dinner Playhouse, Kentucky Derby Museum Aquarium & Imax 3D Theater, On Historic Lookout Mountain -Rock City Gardens, Ruby Falls Christmas at the Galt House Hotel 18 2013 TOP 100 EVENTS / AMERICAN BUS ASSOCIATION
Publication List


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Catwalk Tri-Color Braided Wedges
Price: Rs. 1895
Hey! Put your new shoes on and everything will be alright! The perfect pair of shoes will complete that chic and stylish ensemble. We love these casual and simple styles that go beyond the call of casual duty. From a tri-colour braided main strap to an elasticated ankle strap, this pair of wedges will keep your feet stylish and snug in place. Pair them up with your casual ensemble. Did you know? In 1993: the model Naomi Campbell fall from a stiletto of 26 cm during the Vivienne Westwood fashion-show. This moment make the wedge heel more popular.
|Multi Colour


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Jill Duggar and Derick Dillard Bask in Married Life, Post Monthiversary Selfiesby Free Britney at . Comments
Jill Duggar and Derick Dillard have been married for over a month already. Wow. It's a small wonder she's not pregnant by now (although maybe she is).
Baby on board or not, the newlyweds have been loving married life and posting ridiculously adorable (albeit awkward) selfies galore on their Instagrams.
On Wednesday, the lovebirds connected over lunch, as the rest of us do.
She captioned the photo, "Lunch with my best friend at his workplace."
Aww. The 19 Kids and Counting star shared a sweet pic of Jill Duggar and Derick Dillard sharing a mid-day bite to eat at the office, and their faces say it all.
Derick works for Walmart, the Arkansas equivalent of a family business, as a tax accountant, after serving as a missionary overseas for two years.
It was during that time he "met" Jill online after her dad Jim Bob brought them together, and they fell in love before they even saw each other in person.
Clearly, the infatuation hasn't faded, and is mutual.
"Happy monthiversary to my amazing wife! Love you so much sweetie! #bestmonthofmylife #manymoretocome #ilovemywife" Derick posted on Instagram this week.
Yes, monthiversary.
Whenever Jessa Duggar and Ben Seewald get married, they've got their work cut out to compete with this level of nauseatingly cute marital bliss.


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Former WCSD sup and national Superintendent of the Year Heath Morrison, who ditched WCSD to go on to greener pastures in Charlotte, North Carolina, has resigned the superintendent job there effective Thursday.
Like former CCSD superintendent Dwight Jones, Morrison cited family reasons, specifically an ailing mother, for the departure.
It may be true. I laughed, though, when I heard the news, especially the timing given the fact WCSD superintendent Pedro Martinez is wrapping up his two-year stint with the dysfunctional, corrupt district tomorrow.
The timing was kind of funny.
Speculation is running wild that he may wind up taking over the scandal-ridden LAUSD.


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WTOP Film Critic Jason Fraley sends a postcard "To
Rome with Love."
November 30, -0001 12:00 am
Download audio
Jason Fraley, WTOP film critic
WASHINGTON – Say what you will about Woody Allen's personal life (his son, Ronan Farrow, recently took a Father's Day jab), but as a filmmaker, he is unbelievably prolific.
At age 76, the Woodman has written and directed 42 films – some duds, some masterpieces – but each with the same auteur staples, from black-and-white opening credits, to forbidden love swaps eloquently penned in a comedy of manners. Who but Allen could win Best Original Screenplay in three different decades? In 2011 there was no better screenwriter, just like 1986 and 1977.
The 21st century has quickly become Allen's "postcard period," the fanny-pack musings of a workaholic filmmaker in the twilight of his life. "To Rome with Love" continues his Euro Tour after stops in London for "You Will Meet a Tall Dark Stranger" (2010), Barcelona for "Vicky Cristina Barcelona" (2008), and Paris for "Midnight in Paris" (2011), a tough act to follow.
If "Midnight in Paris" was a warning against nostalgia, "To Rome with Love" is a commentary on fame, using four interwoven plots to expose the artificial line between the "ordinary" and the "celebrity."
1) Woody Allen and Judy Davis fly to Rome to meet their daughter's fiance, whose father wows Allen by singing opera in the shower. As a former opera director, Allen gets him an audition, but the father clams up in the spotlight. This sparks Allen's "genius" idea of bringing a portable shower on stage, lathering in the symbolism that this man is only capable of fame in his most private, naked state.
2) Jesse Eisenberg is an architect seduced by his girlfriend's sex-crazed best friend (Ellen Page), who flies in from Hollywood. Alec Baldwin sees Eisenberg as a younger version of himself and wants to warn him against Page's phony cultural pretenses. So, like the imaginary friend Bogart in "Play it Again, Sam" (1972), Baldwin pops up during intimate moments to provide advice.
3) Alessandro Tiberian and Alessandra Mastronardi are a newlywed couple who botch plans to "meet the parents" with a case of mistaken identity. The tame husband is accidentally sent a Spanish hooker, played by Penelope Cruz, while the virginal wife is seduced by her favorite Italian movie star. "I've always wondered what it would be like to kiss a movie star," she says, as the actor reveals himself to be an average, everyday horn-dog.
4) Finally, Roberto Benigni is a regular joe who's plucked from obscurity to become an overnight celebrity. Suddenly, paparazzi are following him everywhere, asking him mundane questions like how he butters his toast. It's a classic case of celebrities who are "famous for being famous." At first, Benigni demands his privacy, but when his 15 minutes are over, he's left craving the spotlight.
Such thematic musings are what make Allen's career great, providing a layer of substance beneath the sexy affairs and paranoid punchlines. The fact that this commentary unfolds with such reckless comedic abandon is a bonus, capturing the charming silliness of Bunuel's "Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie" where we feel like anything can happen at any moment.
Whether or not you like the movie will depend on whether you're already a fan of Allen's work. Indeed there are folks who prefer him staying behind the camera, as was the case in gems like "The Purple Rose of Cairo," "Match Point" and "Midnight in Paris." "Rome" is more apt to please the diehards, as Allen once again casts himself as a neurotic whiner. Either you're a fan of that schtick, or you're not. Luckily I am, if only because I appreciate how effectively he has turned it into an archetype. Allen's own self-caricature has become as iconic as John Wayne's cowboy or Chaplin's Tramp.
Here, the writing is clearly not his best effort. Many of the jokes don't land, the "narrator" bookends don't fit, and Baldwin's dialogue appears half-hearted for the first third of the movie. The casting of so many non-Italians is also questionable, but just like Gene Kelly was "An American in Paris," Allen has organized a collection of "Americans in Rome," because that's the perspective he knows.
I've enjoyed his romp across Europe, perhaps because I share his outside-looking- in approach. His foreign travels are presented through the prism of pop culture references, so when Allen visits Roman landmarks — the Coliseum, the Trevi Fountain — I can't help but think of Rossellini's "Rome Open City," Wyler's "Roman Holiday" or Fellini's "La Dolce Vita."
Allen's wide-eyed adoration of the Eternal City drips from every frame, thanks to gorgeous cinematography from "Midnight in Paris" collaborator Darius Khondji and a catchy soundtrack with "Amada Mia, Amore Mio." Sure it's a shameless attempt to recreate the magic of Gershwin and the skyline of Manhattan, but he's tackled New York City so much we can't blame him for branching out.
At this point, he seems to be cranking out movies like a Hall of Fame ballplayer padding his stats. What truth in a scene where Allen says he's getting old, and Davis says he was a man ahead of his time. The eternally paranoid Allen wants to leave as many films behind as possible so that they'll live on after he's gone. It's his unique, artistic way of conquering his fear of death, and his career is a body of work to be cherished. So if you want to apply the "Crimes and Misdemeanors" scale of greatness, "To Rome with Love" is at least a charming misdemeanor.
★ ★ ★
The above rating is based on a 4-star scale. Read more from WTOP Film Critic Jason Fraley by clicking " Fraley on Film" under the "Living" tab above, following @JasonFraleyWTOP on Twitter, and checking out his blog, The Film Spectrum.
(Copyright 2012 by WTOP. All Rights Reserved.)


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I invited two groups of people over to play Cranium to test the answers. It was interesting, to say the least. But I think everything is good to play.
I had fun making them and my family has had fun playing them. I hope you enjoy them too!
(*j*) Becky Kelly


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Help for Tune Smithy
Tutorials:Fractal tunes
From Tune Smithy
Up to Task help - Up to Tutorials
Who is this for
This is particularly meant as a gentle introduction for those who are completely new to fractal music and algo comp. It also introduces you to the fractal tune making capabilities of Tune Smithy, so you learn about Tune Smithy, and fractal music at the same time.
There is no need at all to have any musical training to compose in this way. So I assume that you are a complete newbie to composing as well. If already an old hand at composing, but new to fractal music, you may find some of it of interest still, as algo comp requires new ideas and approaches - but you may want to skip some of the sections (e.g. on instrumentation).
Those already familiar with algo comp may want to skip forward to #How to save your work. Or if you want to find out in detail how the tunes are constructed in FTS right away, see Seeds_and_fractals.
Before you start
If this is your first time, start up the Player task for FTS. Your desktop shortcut may bring up this task. Or look for it in the Tasks for Tune Smithy folder on your desktop.
Then make sure you are set to the screen that looks like this (if necessary use the More or Less buttons to get to it):
The whole tune is based on a small amount of musical material
Fractal tunes belong to a genre known as Algorithmic Composition (or algo-comp). There's a connection with fractal art too, and you could perhaps think of it as a form of musical minimalism - as you get a lot of compositional material from a very small amount of input.
So for instance all the notes in this tune:
are constructed from the four note phrase that begins it. The four note "seed" is the only material used to make the entire tune - which starts as:
0 1 2 0 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 2 0 1 2 0
Longer clips: 32 secs midi clip played on recorder
You can probably see or hear how the same basic pattern is used over and over again in each bar (the step sizes change a little but the pattern of steps up and down remains the same). It's less immediately obvious, but the way the seed phrases are put together - the way the tune goes up and down from one bar to the next - also follows the same pattern. The same pattern is then used again and again at larger and larger time scales to build up the entire tune.
The method used to construct the tune is simple (conceptually anyway), yet the tune still has the capacity to surprise, as it repeats at larger and larger time scales at different pitches.
For more about how the tunes are constructed, see Sloth Canonsand Seeds and Fractals.
Comparison with fractal landscapes
Perhaps some of you have enjoyed making fractal landscapes, using programs such as Terragen. An entire landscape can be constructed from a randomly generated fractal texture, by varying some user set parameters.
For many examples, see Terragen Images Gallery
There are many types of fractal music. For some sites to visit to get an idea of the range of work that is done in this field, see the Thinks.com Fractal Music page.
Comparision with L-system like fractal trees
Here is a fractal flower made with my Virtual Flower program:
It's made from one leaf shape, one petal shape, one branch, and a few angles and dimensions which specify how to join them together. You select the petals, flowers, leaves and branches or make your own - and click and drag on the picture to change the shape of the entire plant all in one go.
For another program which makes images in a similar fashion, see Laurens Lapré's L-parser
Similarly with Tune Smithy, you make or select a musical seed or a few seeds. Then you adjust parameters which specify how the seeds build up to make a tune.
If you change the seed and other parameters, the entire tune changes
Change the seed phrase, or change how the tune is built, or how instruments are selected to play the notes, and the whole tune changes. That's because of the way the seed phrase is used for the construction of the tune at larger and larger time scales. You can hear this quite easily with a few of the simpler tunes such as some of the ones in 1.082a and 1.082b drop lists.
Try for instance 1.082b/ascending_above_the_clouds (mp3). You can probably hear the same seed phrase played over and over again at different speeds to construct the tune. In other tunes it is much harder to hear. T
In fact, most of the tunes, because of the fractal construction used, take the form of augmentation, or sloth canons, with exactly the same tune played simultaneously at many different tempi. You can easily hear this too in the 1.082b/ascending_above_the_clouds (mp3) tune, and some of the other earlier ones.
To hear the sloth canon, mute all except the first part. Listen to the tune. Then mute all except the second part and play the tune a bit faster and you should hear exactly the same tune as before (possibly at a different pitch). You can repeat this for each part - ascending above the clouds is a strict sloth canon.
However don't expect to hear the canon in the more complex tunes. The instrumentation and other parameters (especially the chord progressions) may disguise it so that it is hard to hear, or impossible to pick out at all. It is the basis for the construction nevertheless.
The tunes are also related to an intricate visual pattern called the Koch snowflake fractal. In fact, the icon for Tune Smithy (which you can see as the icon for this wiki too) is a Koch snowflake. If you want to explore these connections, see:
Since the tunes are based on such a small amount of actual musical material, then if you change anything, the whole tune changes. Just change one note of the seed and you'll notice the whole tune change. This is very like the fractal landsapes and l-system plants. In fact l-systems derive originally from the Koch snowflake too.
No musical training is needed
You can make fractal art and fractal landscapes with no previous training as an artist - and the same is true of fractal music. You need no training at all as a musician to make fractal music. Perhaps it may inspire you to learn to compose more conventionally later on. Or if you already are a composer, you may use the fractal tunes in your compositions or use them to make new pieces just as they are.
This section will assume nothing in the way of previous experience of music making or composing. I will try to keep it interesting for the more seasoned musicians and composers too. Algo-comp is new to nearly everyone including many seasoned composers. However, if you are a seasoned composer you will probably want to skip some of the sections.
Fractal Composing compared with loop based compositions
Usually if one improvises or composes a piece of music, you choose which notes to play individually. Another way of working, used by many composers nowadays, is to work with repeating loops. The way the loops interact may lead to many surprises, but still, every note of each loop is set individually by the composer. For instance you can easily change a single note for a few repeats of the loop, then go back to the original loop. Or you can change one loop without varying any of the other parts of the tune.
In algo-comp and fractal music, the notes are more interrelated than they are with loops based compositions, so you can no longer adjust individual notes and expect the rest of the composition to remain unchanged. This is perhaps the main thing you need to get used to with fractal music, and it requires a new way of working. A lot of experimentation is often needed, and serendipity, and maybe intuition too, which you develop as you work with the tunes.
You can change individual notes in the seed phrase easily enough, the only thing is, then the whole tune changes.
The only way to change an individual note in the tune is to generate the complete fractal tune first. Once the fractal tune is made, you can edit it, as you might any other midi piece, in your composition software or sequencer. (If you want to follow that up, there are some issues there to do with the way the notes need to switch channels for pitch polyphony, but that's the basic idea).
How to save your work
It is especially important to save fractal tunes, and to use the correct format to save them. So before we start the tutorial, you should know how to save your work. Then, if you make something you particularly like in the tutorial, you will know how to save it.
If you make a fractal tune you particularly like, even if you remember how it went, or have an audio recording of it, be sure to save it as a fractal tune as well. It can be very hard indeed to reconstruct it unless you know the parameters that were used to make the tune. I know of no automatic way to recover the parameters used to make the tune from a recording of the result, and for the more complex tunes, e.g. ones using formulae, it may well be for all practical purposes impossible.
Save as Tune Smithy Fractal Tunes
To save your work, use (Ctrl + A). Be sure to save your work as Tune Smithy Fractal tunes (*.ts). You can save over the old version again at any time using Crl + S.
Of course you can save as a midi file or mp3 as well. But ALWAYS SAVE IT AS A FRACTAL TUNE (OR PROJECT) AS WELL if you want to be able to go back to it and work on it some more later on.
Or save as a Project
Alternatively you may want to save your tune as a project. This saves nearly all the settings including the skin, colours, and so on. That can be useful sometimes, e.g. perhaps to have a different skin for each tune, if working on different tunes simultaneoulsy. You can configure what gets saved to the project from Project Options (Ctrl + 195)
First exercise, vary the seed
In our first exercise, we discover how the tune varies as you change the seed. Start up the fractal tune player - from your desktop shortcut - or look for Player in your Tasks for Tune Smithy folder.
Select any tune from the drop list of fractal tunes (circled in red below).
Now select a seed for one of the other tunes, from the drop list of seeds (circled in blue). Notice how this changes the entire tune for all the instruments.
Now try adjusting individual numbers for the seed. Keep the first number as it is (usually 0) and change one of the other numbers. You can do this while the tune is still playing.
Or - do this using Seed as bar charts (Ctrl + 76), click on any of the tune notes in the seed numbers area of this window, and drag up and down:
Once more, hear how the entire tune changes even when you change a single note of the seed.
Using your fractal tunes in conventional compositions
As you will realise, this needs a new way of working. But you can use the material from the fractal tunes more conventionally if you like.
See How to use fractal tunes in conventional compositions
Making fractal tunes
Here though, we'll focus just on the process of making the fractal tunes themselves.
Fractal music work needs a much more experimentalist approach than other types of music making. Don't be afraid to just try out anything. After all it is easy to change things. If you do something that sounds particularly nice, save it for future reference and continue exploring. If you want to go back to a previous stage of the tune you are working on you can undo your changes using Ctrl + Shift + Z (repeatedly if necessary) and redo them using Ctrl + Shift + Y.
If curious about how the tunes are constructed, look at Seeds and fractals for an introduction.
Making seeds for the tunes
You can change the seed for the tune using the main window seeds drop list, or Seed as bar charts (Ctrl + 76) or Main window seed (Ctrl + 77)
You can also make new seeds with the Mouse & PC keyboard Player using New Seed (Ctrl + 3) - see [Seeds.htm#Making_new_seeds_for_the_melody Make new seed], also from a music keyboard if you have those - see [Seeds.htm#Making_new_seeds_from_midi_keyboard Make new seed from Music Keyboard].
Second Exercise - Vary the Intrumentation
The fractal tune is made up of different parts, and you can change the instrument for each part separately.
To change the instrument for a part, highlight the part you want to change in the Parts window Ctrl + 9. You can then change the instrument using the Instruments Menu... (Ctrl + 8) - this changes the instrument for the highlighted part. You can also use Percussion... (Ctrl + 21) for any part, and the Wave Shape Player Instruments (Ctrl + 196).
Or type the instrument name into the text field at the bottom of the list of instruments in the Parts window - recognises fragmentary names and you'll see the instrument change as you type.
N.B. the instruments menu will show check marks for all the instruments used in any of the parts. But if you click on the menu you set the instrument for just the part highlighted in the Parts window. Sorry this is a bit confusing when you want to change an instrument you can hear in the tune and don't know what part it is. Start with the Parts window and everything should be clearer. Will do something about it in FTS 3.2. when ready.
Seasoned composers and musicians can skip the next couple of sections. It is meant as a gentle start for complete newbies to instrumentation. You don't have to be a trained musician to use Fractal Tune Smithy to make fractal tunes - any more than you need to be a trained artist to make fractal art.
If you are a newbie to orchestration - this next section is for you.
Now lets explore instrumentation of the fractal tunes.
Solo music
Let's start with solo music. Choose one of the example fractal tunes with a solo instrument, or mute all except the first part in the tune, or choose. Choose a seed from the drop list or make a new one - any seed is fine for this exercise.
Try selecting other instruments from the Instruments (Ctrl + 8) menu, and hear what the same tune sounds like on various instruments. Try continuously flowing instruments like flute or string, and plucked instruments like harp, and percussive instruments like marimba. Notice how the tune changes. Do you prefer some tunes on the plucked instruments and others on the more continuously flowing type instruments?
Try the instruments at different octaves. You can shift them up or down in pitch in the Octave shift column in Parts (Ctrl + 9)
Several instruments in unison
Try the instruments in the Instruments (Ctrl + 8). For instance Flute + Oboe, Bassoon + violin etc. Some of the combinations in this drop list are orthodox, some rather unusual. Most of them consist of several instruments that play the same tune, in unison, or at octaves. Some use other intervals or are more complex.drop menu in
This is a common composition technique. Many folk musicians play the same tune in unison, apart maybe from the harp or piano which plays chords. In the orchestra, composers often double up instruments for effect, e.g. flute + oboe etc. The instruments blend together to some extent to make a new sound for the tune.
To make your own custom instruments like these, go to Custom Multi Instrument Voices Menu (Ctrl + 37) and select one of the example custom multi instrument voices. Then use . Go down and give your new custom voice a name in the field. Then highlight one of the instruments and use This brings up Highlighted Instrument for Custom Multi Instrument Voice (Ctrl + 44). You can then select another instrument using Instruments (Ctrl + 8). When you work with Highlighted Instrument for Custom Multi Instrument Voice (Ctrl + 44) or Custom Multi Instrument Voices Menu (Ctrl + 37) your instrument selections in Instruments (Ctrl + 8) change the instrument for the highlighted instrument in Custom Multi Instrument Voices Menu (Ctrl + 37). If you want one of the instruments to be transposed, or vary its volume compared with the other instruments in your voice etc you can do this with Highlighted Instrument for Custom Multi Instrument Voice (Ctrl + 44).
Repeat for all the instruments for your new voice. Add or delete instruments if necessary in Custom Multi Instrument Voices Menu (Ctrl + 37). You should find your new custom voice gets added to the drop menu in Instruments (Ctrl + 8) and you can then use it in your fractal tunes.
Multi-part music
Now, try music with more than one part in play. You can just change to another tune with many parts and use that as a starting point.
Or if you want to make a multi-part tune from one of your solo tunes, go to Parts (Ctrl + 9), and increase the number of parts the fractal tune plays - or unmute the other parts.
You may also need to change the selection in the Parts (Ctrl + 9) - try - or for more complex effects, try in the same menu. Another way to get interesting multi-part music is to use Rhythms and Polyrhythms (Ctrl + 89) from Tune options, drone, && Undo / Backups (Ctrl + 33).menu for
For chords, try Chord Progressions for Arpeggios (Ctrl + 151) - you need to have a tune with many parts playing simultaneously already - then use this to adjust the chords that the parts play.
You can use the fractal tunes as your sandbox to experiment with orchestration
The fractal tunes provide an ideal environment for a beginner composer to experiment with orchestration - you don't need to think much about the notes - just focus on the sounds of the different instruments, and how they mix with each other. You may also find you appreciate listening to orchestral music more as a result of experimenting with orchestration yourself in this way.
A brief introduction to musical instruments and instrumentation for newbies
As a newbie to composing, you may wonder how best to mix instruments together in your pieces. If you are at a bit of a loss here, it may help to think about which families the instruments belong to.
Then you can think about what the effect will be to mix together instruments of the same family, or different families. Of course if you are happy with your instrument selections for your fractal tunes, feel free to skip this section :-).
Some of the main types of instrument include:
- Percussive instruments such as marimba, glockenspiel etc
- Plucked instruments such as guitar, harp etc
- Wind instruments such as flute, trombone etc, and perhaps one could put voice here too
- String instruments.
Each of these has further subdivisions, for instance, the wind instruments are subdivided into
- Woodwinds - flute, oboe, clarinet etc
- Brass - trumpet, trombone etc.
The Cor Anglais, or French Horn as it is otherwise known, despite the name, is actually a type of oboe so counts as a woodwind instrument.
The Instruments (Ctrl + 8) menu is grouped using the families of the General Midi specification. This is a standard arrangement assumed by nearly all the midi clips you find on the internet use - but it has its eccentricities. E.g. the ethnic classification (why is the koto instrument is counted as ethnic rather than strings - when the Shakhuachi, which is often played along with koto - is counted as a wind instrument rather than ethnic?).
For more about instrument families, see the wikipedia article Musical Instrument
Sometimes composers make ensemble pieces in which only one type of instrument is used, such as a consort of recorders, viols, trombones or whatever.
Or you can combine instruments of the same family together in an Instrumental ensemble]. The string quartet consists entirely of string instruments - the violin (two of them - the first and second violin), viola, and 'cello.
Other ensembles may consist entirely of woodwinds - or brass instruments (think of a brass band), or a combination of both. There the instruments blend nicely together - yet there is something pleasing about the individuality within the blend, for instance the distinctive sound of a viola in a quartet, or a tuba in a brass band.
In other pieces, instruments are used that contrast / complement each other nicely. Some instruments are very companionable as it were, for instance, flute and harp go nicely together.
Generally, it can be nice to combine a plucked or percussive instrument like harp, marimba etc with a melodic instrumnt with a more legato smoothly flowing type of sound such a flute, violin etc. Also it's nice to combine strings with wind instruments - and of course the orchestra has instruments from all the families, often played in episodes in which some of the players take a rest while others play in some contrasting arrangement, or as a little consort of woodwinds suddenly in the midst of it all, or whatever.
Instrument ranges
Each instrument has a natural range. Within its natural range it is at its most "comfortable" and natural sounding. But when you play exceedingly high or low notes you may get interesting effects. For instance, the double bass is a low pitched instrument. You can play it high, but this is rarely done - it has an interesting rather "thin" kind of a sound when it is played like that. You even get double bass concertos in which the double bass is the solo instrument, mostly played high.
For an example of an instrument played below its natural range - the flute is usually played high, with middle C as the lowest note - but you can get alto flutes and even bass flutes that go very low. Similarly for other instruments. For instance, the clarinet is usually a high pitched instrument - like the flute though it goes a bit lower. But there are bass clarinets as well, and Stravinsky uses a bass clarinet to great effect in his The Rite of Spring.
Some instruments change completely in timbre depending on the register - the Basson has a very distinctive timbre in its lower register. When played high however, it sounds almost like a new instrument (this is used to great effect by Stravinsky in the opening of The Rite of Spring).
So that's something to bear in mind. You can either play the instruments close to their natural range - or for effect you can play them higher or lower.
To move individual parts up or down by octaves, go to the Parts window, and highlight the part,and change the (either use the up / down button or type new value in the box below the list).
To find out more about an individual instrument, it's range and other details see the Wikipedia List of musical instruments
So now for our next exercise - to experiment with orchestration. Choose any of the fractal tunes from the drop list, or one of your own tunes from your earlier experiments. Show the Parts window. This window shows all the instruments used in the tune - the only ones used are the ones up to the number of parts in play.
Vary the instruments in the Parts window
Select one of the parts, and then change the instrument for the part. To do that, select a new one from the Instruments menu - or type the instrument name into the text box below the Instr. list in the parts window.
Also see what happens when you vary the octave shift. For instance you can try out the Bassoon and see what happens when you play high and low notes.
You can do this while the tune is playing, and hear how it changes as you vary the instruments. If you can't quite pick out one of the parts when all the instruments are playing simultaneously, use the Mute button to mute some of the parts. Once you can hear them, put the others back as they were and see if you can still hear it in the complete piece. Or - try playing the whole tune with all the parts in place, then mute just that one part you find hard to hear, and see what effect that has on the whole tune.
Solo instruments
Sometimes one of the instuments in a composition is a "solo" instrument that carries the tune - think of a singer accompanied by harp, lute, guitar or piano for instance. Often the accompanying instruments have their own solo sections when they carry the melody for a while.
With the fractal tunes, generally the fastest tune is the more prominent solo one - but sometimes one of the middle speed ones is. Generally, the one that is at the right speed for the tune to be "singable" is the solo instrument - singable that is in terms of speed at least. Sometimes the tune stays with one instrument, or with fractal tunes, the main tune gets moved around amongst various instruments.
So, think about which instrument one wants to use for the solo line. Often it tends to be a higher pitched instrument. When you have lots of instruments playing at once, it is somewhat easier to make one of the higher instruments the solo line. If you make a low instrument your solo, you need to take care to make sure it can be heard easily. For instance make the higher instruments quieter, or constrasting in character and not so prominent (e.g. plucked or piano etc).
Solo lines that pass from one part to another
In other tunes, the solo line is passed from one part to another. To get this sort of effect, the best approach is usually to work with Parts (Ctrl + 9). Try some of the example fractal tunes that work like this, usually you will see that that option is selected. Then try varying the formula for them and hear how the tune changes.in
Accompanying instruments
Often the accompanying instruments are lower in pitch - though you often also have many notes which are higher in pitch than the main melodic line - e.g. maybe a piano or guitar will play high notes above the range of the singer they accompany.
You may want to play some of the accompanying instruments more quietly - you can do this using the Parts (Ctrl + 9).for the individual parts in
Which instruments to use for the solo and which for the accompaniment
If you have a combination of a plucked or percussive instrument with a more continuous string / wind / voice instrument, the more continuous one has a tendency to carry the main melodic line more frequently - one could hardly call that a rule as if so, it is frequently broken, but something to think about.
So, experiment with various instruments for the main melodic line and try conventional type arrangements where the main melody is continous and high-ish, and also more unconventional ones where it is percussive or plucked or low.
Try various instruments for the accompaniment, and just get a feel of which ones help and which ones obscure the main line, when combined with the other instruments.
The main thing here is just to have fun and try out lots of things. Some of your instrument combinations may sound terrible to you, but if so that's interesting too. Sometimes instruments that clash badly in one tune, just don't fit the atmosphere of the tune, may be just what you need for another tune with a different feel to it.
Pieces with no strong melodic focus
Some pieces too may have more of a chordal than a melodic focus, and may have no strong melodic line at all. See if you can make an ensemble type piece where all the parts are played by the same instrument. The easiest way to get started may be to go through the example tunes and find one that is like that already. Either just use it as it is or vary the parameters to make your own tune.
Then when you have settled on a tune to experiment with, try it out with various choices of instrument for the ensemble. You can change the voice for several parts in one go by highlighting them all at once. Click on the first part in Parts (Ctrl + 9) then Shift + click on the last - then select a new voice as usual, e.g. using Instruments (Ctrl + 8). You will find it gets selected for all the highlighted parts in one go.
Some of the instrumentations chosen for the fractal tunes that come with Fractal Tune Smithy are fairly conventional and some are already unconventional. Have a listen to some of them and see which ones you think sound more conventional and which sound rather unconventional in the instrumentation. Then change the instruments and try your own experiments with them and with your own new tunes - either way - conventional sounding or unconventional.
Have fun :-).
A quick way to build up a fractal tune one voice at a time
Start with Parts (Ctrl + 9) window and using the column as usual. If you want to transpose the entire tune up or down - all the parts at once - use the Pitch of 1/1 of Scale (Ctrl + 10) window.. Choose which instrument you want for the first part from the menu. Now make sure you have selected. Increase the one at a time, and each time select a voice from the menu until you have the number of parts in play as desired - you can do all this while the tune is playing. Then transpose the parts as desired by showing the
Moving the tune from one instrument to another, and hocketing
Show the Parts window. Then look at the menu, and see what you have selected there. If this is a new tune, then you'll find it shows . You can hear this in the 1.082b/oboe_and_friends (mp3) fractal tune. The tune continues normally in the top line, but the start of every seed that begins a new seed at a higher layer gets played by one of the other instruments instead of the oboe. You get this kind of syncopated effect with the oboe often missing the first note of its seeds. So, try that out to hear what it sounds like with your instrumentation.
Many of the fractal tunes use the next selection in this list, Seeds and fractals and Endless Canons.Try that instead - you will find the first part plays all its notes, accompanied by the second part playing the same tune,but more slowly - now the extra notes played by the other parts get sustained all the way to the next note for that part. And so on - you'll hear a canon by augmentation in fact with your chosen instruments, as explained in
Okay, that's pretty nice, many of the tunes use it. However, let's explore the other options here.
- the same note in the arpeggio always gets played by the same instrument. - the tune just cycles round amongst the instruments, each playing one of the notes in turn. is a more complex way of assigning notes to the instruments. Anyway the general idea is that the tune gets broken up by being assigned to each instrument in turn. This is known as hocketting. See the help for this window for a little about those options: [User_guide2.htm#Order_of_play_menu Order of play menu].
Try those various options - then try the t+m+h or N+H+L or whatever, and see what happens. You can try it out with any of the pieces. There are various other options in this window to explore - see it's help [User_guide2.htm#Order_of_Play_Other Order of play | Other]. The option to can be used to get several parts playing together.option. This lets you make up your own combinations of the other options. Actually, you don't need to try to keep track of what the formula will do. Just enter some formula using the various letters such as
Also at this point one could also digress to exploreas well, perhaps with - see the help for that window for some informatin about what it does - main effect is you get more notes played in the second and third parts, and a somewhat more complex texture to the fractal tune. One could also try the polyrhythm tunes too - many other things too, but I'll leave those for later FAQ entries on this page. Now, let's go on to the tuning of the notes - the really fun part in my (slightly biased probably) opinion.
For this exercise, choose any of the fractal tunes, or one you built up from new in the previous exercises, and try changing the scale from the scales drop list.
As a general guide, ones with fewer notes in them are easier to use, and five or seven or there abouts is enough to have an interesting variety of intervals for the melody, and few enough notes so that nearly everything you play will be nice. Try twelve tone scales with the pentatonic or diatonic modes (in the drop list) - and the minor scales. Then have a look at the other modes for the twelve tone scale (by a mode here I mean a selection of notes from the scale), e.g. the 5 note modes, which you get to from the drop list for the twelve tone scales..
If you find the tune goes rather high or low, you can set a range for each part using Note Ranges window. To set the range for several parts at once, highlight all the ones you want to change. The scroll bars shift the bounds of the range by semitones, tones, or the scroll bar below the note number shifts it up / down by octaves.
If you would like an introduction to the various twelve tone systems in the How do I play the historical tunings of the diatonic and twelve tone systems? which will get you started. Also have a look through the Musical note intervals page for some of the background and theory for them. But, you don't need to know all that to have fun with them - it is just for those who find such things of interest, and kind of useful eventually to know in the long run I expect.drop list at this point, have a look through
You'll see there are many other scales apart from thtwelve tone ones. Try the Pygmie and Koto scales, which are very tuneful, also the Slendro and Pelog which are really interesting and unusual (to the Western ear - these are scales typical of those used in Indonesia). Try the Thailand scale too, which is close to seven equal temperament (seven equally spaced notes to an octave). Generally, try the ones with fewer notes first.
Also be sure to have a go with the harmonic series. This is the series of notes you get in the partials (component frequencies of the note) of many "harmonic" timbres such as voice or string, woodwinds - most of the instruments of the orchestra in fact. The result is that the notes of the harmonic series go well together. See [harmonic_series_notes_sound_well_together.htm Why two notes of the harmonic series sound well together ]
For a really unorthodox one try the Bohlen-Pierce one - that one should have 3/1 (octave plus a fifth) instead of 2/1 (octave) as the "octave". So in the window, change the drop list to read Modulate by (interval) and to transpose instruments up / down, use 3 or 1/3 or 9 or 1/9 if you want them to go up and down by two "octaves".
For some more small scales to try go to Scales | More Scales drop lists - then the Woodstock windchimes scale there is really nice, and also the selection of pentatonic scales labelled " Canright's exs from Superparticular Pentatonics ", and " Canright's Some pentatonics I have known ".
If you want to be a bit more unorthodox, take some normal type of pentatonic scale like the woodstock windchimes 5/4 4/3 3/2 5/3 2/1 , then change one of the intervals to an exotic one like 11/8, 11/9, 13/8, or some other one using the eleventh or thirteenth or higher prime harmonics. Maybe in this case leave the 3/2 as a kind of grounding thing, so how about 5/4 11/9 3/2 13/8 2/1 or something. Just to get an idea of what those types of intervals sound like in a scale - and if you like it, as usual, save the result for future reference. Sometimes adding just one exotic interval to an otherwise fairly conventional one can be quite striking, as in the 1.082a/bitter_sweet (mp3) fractal tune. That one consists of a normal major chord, with an 11/8 added to it to make the scale 5/4 11/8 3/2 2 . Sounds rather more exotic than you'd expect from adding just one note to a major chord :-).
Another fun thing you can do is to make a scale that is non ascending, or an arpeggio that is non ascending. For instance the piece 1.082a/major_chords_round_the_cycle_of_fifths_-_Bach_temperament (mp3) uses a conventional well tempered twelve tone scale from Bach's time - and then an arpeggio 0 4 7 12 7 which goes up a major chord, and then down to the fifth. As you go up this arpeggio, rather than ending at the octave at each repeat of it, you end a fifth higher instead. So the further you go up it, the further you go round the circle of fifths - hence the title. So the tune gradually wanders up the circle of fifths - but because of the fractal nature of the tune, keeps returning to the home key, at longer and longer intervals of time.
Now that you have an eye for what to look out for, take a look at the scales and arpeggios used for some of the other fractal tunes and they may give you a few ideas.
Then, try out the SCALA scales - you need to install the SCALA archive first - see How to set up FTS to work together with SCALA].
You can order the SCALA scales drop list so that the smaller scales go first in the list. That's the standard setting for FTS because scales with few notes are often easier to use in fractal tunes.
SCALA is an entire program completely devoted to the construction and exploration of new scales.
FTS has a number of options to help you make your own scales. Take a look at Reference#Scales and Scale and Explorations (Ctrl + 17) to find out more about this.


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Marchisio confident ahead of Real Madrid clash
Claudio Marchisio believes Juventus can cause Real Madrid problems when they meet in the UEFA Champions League on Tuesday.
The Serie A champions fell to a 2-1 defeat at the Bernabeu last month to leave them third in Group B, two points adrift of second-placed Galatasaray.
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Marchisio also stressed that Juve would not give up in their quest to retain the Serie A title, with Roma currently leading the way.
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