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By Marta
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At first glance Sauron does not appear to have much depth as a character. Fans of The Lord of the Rings are not treated to any touching stories of the young orphaned Tom Riddle, nor do we ever see the child who would become Darth Vader winning a pod race. He works rather well as a villain, but we are rarely given a reason to think of him as more than that.
Nor does he fare much better in The Silmarillion. To be sure, the reader gets hints to his backstory in the Valaquenta, making some sense of Elrond's statement that "nothing is evil in the beginning," (The Lord of the Rings, "The Council of Elrond"), but even this characterization does not raise the kind of issues that might entice a reader to think seriously about his motivation and character. What was he like before his association with Morgoth? Why did he rebel? What did Morgoth offer him that he wanted?
If this was all there was to him, I would have no interest in defending or even understanding him. He would function well as the evil overlord du jour, but I would expect nothing more from him. As with many of Tolkien's characters, however, they really come into their own in Tolkien's so-called minor works. In Tolkien's stories about the Second Age (Unfinished Tales, the Akallabêth, and Of the Rings of Power) we meet a Sauron with a good deal more depth than the one found in Tolkien's better-known tales.
At the end of Valaquenta, Tolkien gives this description of Sauron:
In the beginning he was of the Maiar of Aulë, and he remained mighty in the lore of that people. In all the deeds of Melkor the Morgoth upon Arda, in his vast works and in the deceits of his cunning, Sauron had a part, and was only less evil than his master in that for long he served another and not himself. But in after years he rose like a shadow of Morgoth and a ghost of his malice, and walked behind him on the same ruinous path down into the Void.
He's not portrayed as a praiseworthy character here, or even a particularly interesting one. If anything, he is overshadowed by Morgoth. The only detail unique to him, that he was originally "of the Maiar of Aulë," does not tell us much other than give the vague impression that he was a craftsman or scientist.
In his letters J.R.R. Tolkien gives more information about Sauron's origins. Writing to Milton Waldman, Tolkien describes Sauron as "a being of Valinor perverted to the service of the Enemy" (Letter #131). That word, being, carries a particular philosophical association. A being is a thing with moral worth, a person rather than a non-human animal, and therefore possesses a certain dignity. At a minimum a being can make decisions and impact the world. Moreover, by saying he is "of Valinor," Tolkien connects him specifically to paradise. Being of a certain place is saying that you came from that group originally; it is a more intimate, immediate connection. Finally, Sauron's later form is a perversion, implying he turned away from something good to become something bad.
Ultimately, Sauron is perverted and he does follow Melkor into Middle-earth. He probably played a role in most of Morgoth's machinations throughout the First Age, though he is rarely mentioned by name in the Quenta Silmarillion. (One exception is the story of Beren and Lúthien, where Sauron captures Beren and Finrod for a time.) However, we learn in Of the Rings of Power that "[Sauron's] power had been great" under Morgoth. It seems unlikely that he didn't play a role in other events involving Morgoth.
After Morgoth's fall, Sauron approached the Valar's emissary Eönwë seeking a pardon. Eönwë cannot grant the pardon because he and Sauron are ontologically equals (so Eönwë is not in a position to pass judgment, as he was with the elves). Still, the mere fact that Sauron asks for pardon shows that he is capable of repentance at this point. He does not want to accept punishment because he is afraid he will receive "a sentence, it might be, of long servitude in good faith" – but at least he does not want to be opposed to the Valar, at this point in time.
Tolkien does not say where exactly Tolkien went after this meeting with Eönwë. The Akallabêth does tell us how many of the men who served Morgoth fled east and set themselves up as kings over the men native to that region, and that those Men had taken the "friends of Morgoth" to be their masters. It's possible that Sauron is included as one of these "friends of Morgoth." He certainly has fortified Barad-dûr by the reign of the Númenórean king Tar-Minastir (SA 1731-1869), and he was a political force in the lands the Númenóreans tried to colonize.
Before Sauron becomes a great lord facing off against the Númenóreans, he deals with the Elves of Eregion in a rather different way. It's easy to think of Sauron only as an enemy general intent on dominating all the free peoples of Middle-earth. That model works well enough for his actions in the Third Age, but not for when he first meets Celebrimbor and Gil-galad.
Sauron first presented himself as an emissary of the Valar, not mentioning his specific identity, but Gil-galad and Elrond "doubted him and his fair-seeming, and though they knew not who in truth he was they would not admit him to that land" (The Silmarillion, Of the Rings of Power).They sent out messengers to all the elves of that region warning them about their suspicions, but few of their neighbors heeded the advice. Sauron found the elves of Eregion particularly willing to accept him as a friend.
Why were the elves of Eregion more open to Sauron than Gil-galad had been? Sauron's words to them are telling:
"But wherefore should Middle-earth remain for ever desolate and dark, whereas the Elves could make it as fair as Eressëa, nay even as Valinor? And since you have not returned thirther, as you might, I perceive that you love this Middle-earth, as do I. Is it not then our task to labour together for its enrichment, and for the raising of all the Elven-kindreds that wander here untaught to the height of that power and knowledge which those have who are beyond the Sea?"
If Sauron's words are disingenuous, he at least knows his audience. Lindon was one of the last remaining kingdoms from the First Age. Most of the survivors of the wars with Morgoth settled there after his fall, and it probably would have contained a good mixture of all the elves who fled to Balar as Morgoth gained control over Beleriand. Eregion, on the other hand, seems more purely connected with the Noldorin, and in particular with the Noldorin with a creative or scientific bent. Celebrimbor, the last remnant of Fëanor's line, was a lord among this folk, a character described in Unfinished Tales as having "an almost 'dwarvish' obsession with crafts." Whereas Lindon had a mix of all elvish races, Eriador is described as primarily (though not exclusively) Noldorin, and one of the main reasons it was founded was for elves who wanted to live close to the dwarves. I can well imagine it had the air of an artists' colony, people who were genuinely interested in discovery and invention. Sauron's promise of a land "as fair as Eressëa, nay even as Valinor" must have been enticing to this particular group of elves.
But should we assume Sauron was just telling this group of elves what they wanted to hear? He was a maia of Aulë, and it is entirely possible that being around so many of the Noldor reminded him of some experiences he had buried while serving Morgoth. It's possible, too, that he disagreed with the Valar's actions at the end of the First Age. They had left Middle-earth to Morgoth's domination back before the Elves' awakening, and the Akallabêth tells us that the Valar abandoned the men of Middle-earth once again, leaving Sauron and other servants of Morgoth to trouble those who chose to remain in Middle-earth. Sauron, if he had lived as a lord in the east, would have seen the practical consequence of that neglect, and he might have genuinely wanted to work with the elves to remedy it. If so, the elves of Eregion probably represented his best opportunity to do that.
In any event, the elves of Eregion do accept Sauron's friendship, for "they were not at peace in their hearts, since they had refused to return into the West, and they desired both to stay in Middle-earth, which indeed they loved, and yet to enjoy the bliss of those that had departed" (The Silmarillion, Of the Rings of Power). Sauron revealed his knowledge to them, and the Elves used it to master crafts that they did not yet know. The partnership was a success, and "in those days the smiths of Ost-in-Edhil surpassed all that they had contrived before; and they took thought, and they made Rings of Power."
Sauron formed a special friendship with Celebrimbor, who led a guild of smiths called the Gwaith-i-Mírdain. At the time Galadriel and Celeborn were the rulers of Eregion, but around 1350 Sauron "persuaded [the Gwaith-i-Mírdain] to revolt against Galadriel and Celeborn and to seize power in Eregion" (Unfinished Tales, The History of Galadriel and Celeborn). This incident shows that, even when Sauron's academic side was dominant, it was still well mixed with his drive for power. Tolkien tells us that Galadriel suspected he could not be trusted, and in a note Christopher Tolkien speculates that she guessed his true identity. And while Galadriel is around, Sauron does not seem to attempt any projects that might be too challenging to Galadriel's sensibilities. It is only when she and Celeborn are driven out of Eregion that the Gwaith-i-Mírdain begin the more radical work of creating rings of power.
For his part, Celebrimbor "was not corrupted in heart or faith, but had accepted Sauron as what he posed to be." When he discovered that Sauron was crafting a Ring that would rule the rings that he and the other Gwaith-i-Mírdain had made, he "revolted against Sauron" and, at the advice of Galadriel, sent the three elven-rings far from Eregion so they could be hidden from Sauron.
When he heard that the rings had been hidden Sauron made war against the war of Eregion. Celebrimbor fought against Sauron to keep him from entering Celebrimbor's home, but Sauron captured him, eventually torturing and killing him. Sauron found the nine rings he later gave to the Nazgûl in Celebrimbor's home, and Celebrimbor revealed the locations of the seven dwarven-rings while being tortured, but he never told where he and Galadriel had sent the three rings to. Then, "in black anger [Sauron] turned back to battle; and bearing as a banner Celebrimbor's body hung upon a pole, shot through with Orc-arrows, he turned upon the forces of Elrond."
This is a very different Sauron than the one who first enters Eregion, if the personality as I have portrayed it is genuine. (I believe it to be most likely, but the canonical texts certainly do not require that he have had those motives in mind.) Assuming he did have a bit of a revival on entering Eregion, it is plausible that Sauron would also have reacted so violently to something he considered a betrayal. He had been among the most powerful of Morgoth's lieutenants in the First Age, and among the men there probably would not have been anyone who was his equal. An elf was certainly no equal to a maia, but a descendant of Fëanor would have been masterful and intelligent. I can easily see Sauron treating him as an equal. The fact that Sauron gave him gifts and worked with the Gwaith-i-Mírdain, rather than overwhelming Eregion by force, suggests that Sauron would have interacted with Celebrimbor as an equal, a dynamic that involves a certain amount of vulnerability, and when Sauron was rejected precisely because Celebrimbor discovered who he really was, it is easy to see why Sauron would have reacted the way he did.
If Sauron's earlier, less perverted (to use Tolkien's word) character did re-emerge when he first entered Eregion, his older self reasserted itself quickly and thoroughly as his friendship with Celebrimbor fell apart:
Now Sauron's lust and pride increased, until he knew no bounds, and he determined to make himself master of all things in Middle-earth, and to destroy the Elves, and to compass, if he might, the downfall of Númenor. He brooked no freedom nor any rivalry, and he named himself Lord of the Earth. A mask he could still wear so that if he wished he might deceive the eyes of Men, seeming to them wise and fair. But he ruled rather by force and fear, [...] and he gathered again under his government all the evil things of the days of Morgoth that remained on earth or beneath it, and the Orcs were at his command and multiplied like flies.
Still, I believe this was a change from how Sauron was when first entered Eregion. The potential for rejuvenation both after Morgoth's fall and after encountering the elves of Eregion shows that Sauron was not so given over to the drive to drive to dominate others as we might at first assume. It is certainly a more genuine sharing of knowledge, a more equal partnership than he shows in the other foreign kingdom he enters into: Númenor.
Sauron drove the elves out of Eregion for a time, but his victory did not last. The elves who had been driven out allied themselves with Gil-galad's people and with the Númenóreans. After being driven out of Eregion, Sauron retreated into the east. This was around the time he fortified Barad-dûr in the reign of Tar-Calion, mentioned above. However, the Númenóreans did not leave him alone there and eventually Sauron allowed himself to be captured by Ar-Pharazôn. He "assented as one constrained, yet in his secret thought he received [the captivity] gladly" (The Silmarillion, Akallabêth).
He quickly rose through the ranks of Númenórean society so that "ere three years had passed he had become closest to the secret counsels of the King." This dynamic, though, was very different from the way he had related to Celebrimbor. With the Gwaith-i-Mírdain Sauron had taught the smiths how to do certain things. This was not just the communication of knowledge but the development of capacities, something that required practice and tutoring rather than simple transmission of information. With Pharazôn, however, the learning resembled a traditional student-teacher relationship more than it could have with Celebrimbor. Sauron had certain facts that Pharazôn wanted, and Sauron simply had to tell him what he knew.
In this way, Sauron "gainsaid all that the Valar had taught [the Númenóreans]; and he bade men think that in the world, in the east and even in the west, there lay yet many seas and many lands for their winning wherein was wealth uncounted." With Pharazôn, Sauron shared even more dangerous "knowledge." He told the King that the Valar had deceived the Númenóreans about Morgoth and that Morgoth was not actually an enemy of Ilúvatar. He instructed Pharazôn to call his former lord Melkor, and he told him that Melkor was "Lord of All, Giver of Freedom, and he shall make you stronger than [the Valar]." Sauron even tricked Pharazôn into believing there was no Ilúvatar; he claimed that the Valar had made him up so that their own pronouncements would seem unassailable.
Building on this theology, Pharazôn and Sauron set up a religion devoted to "worship of the Dark, and of Melkor the Lord thereof." As part of this worship, Sauron "caused to be built upon the hill in the midst of the city of the Númenóreans, Armenelos the golden, a great temple." Pharazôn had the White Tree of Númenor torn down, and its wood was burned on an altar in that temple. (Isildur had stolen some fruit from that tree, which was later replanted in Gondor.) From here, this "religion" devolved into a violent means to oppress the political and philosophical opponents of Sauron and Pharazôn.
Aside from the physical details (which are among the most graphic I have ever read in Tolkien), the details of how the victims were chosen is particularly heart-wrenching. They were never selected because "they would not worship Melkor, the Giver of Freedom, rather was cause sought against them that they hated the King and were his rebels, or that they plotted against their kin." But they most often were taken from the Faithful, so for their philosophical differences these men were also branded as criminals in the more common sense.
All of this was designed to make the Númenóreans fear death even more. By sacrificing people to Melkor "that he should release them from Death," Sauron ensured that their own impending death was always on the Númenóreans minds. Of course these sacrifices did not keep men from actually dying, so the followers of this new religion would feel even more powerless than they had felt beforehand. Sauron encouraged Pharazôn to build up weapons and navies, and Pharazôn – anxious about his own increasing age – did just that. He sent these new warships to Middle-earth where the Númenóreans came "no longer as bringers of gifts, nor even as rulers, but as fierce men of war," and "Pharazôn grew to the mightiest tyrant that had yet been in the world since the reign of Morgoth."
Eventually Sauron convinced Pharazôn that the key to immortality could be found in Valinor. There, Sauron said, "The Valar have possessed themselves of the land where there is no death." At last Pharazôn "hardened his heart" and decided to sail west "to wrest from them everlasting life within the Circles of the World." The Valar, fearing that the Númenóreans would spoil Valinor if they ever set foot on it, laid down their power and allowed Ilúvatar to remake the world, with horrific results. Númenor was swallowed up by the sea but only after its people were exposed to terrifying storms and earthquakes. Even Sauron was surprised by the severity of this reaction. Out of all the men of Númenor, only a portion of Elendil's household escaped.
Sauron himself was very nearly killed in this destruction. He "was not of mortal flesh," but he did lose his body and "could never again appear fair to the eyes of Men." His spirit escaped the downfall, though, and he traveled over the sea as "a black wind over the sea." At last he returned to Mordor where he fashioned for himself "an image of malice and hatred made visible" for a new body.
From this point on, Sauron's story is the story of The Lord of the Rings. Elendil's company founded the realms of Gondor and Arnor and (together with Gil-galad's armies) they made war against Sauron. Sauron was defeated (temporarily) when Isildur cut the ring from his hand, but since the Ring survived so did Sauron. Eventually Sauron was destroyed when Frodo threw the Ring into the Crack of Mount Doom during the War of the Ring. Through all of these events Tolkien doesn't tell us anything more about Sauron's character. If the maia of Aulë still existed within him, he made no further appearance.
It is easy to hate Sauron, and easier still if we reduce him to the level of an orc, a villain with neither motivation nor reason. I am not sure that Sauron deserves our love, because some of his actions (especially those regarding Númenor) are morally indefensible. Even so, Sauron was not always the character we meet in the Lord of the Rings. Understanding how his character developed gives an interesting view on Tolkien's theme of the dangers of technology and creation. Agree or disagree with that position, Sauron's story is just the kind of situation where those issues become important, and so Sauron gives us more insight into why Tolkien approached this topic the way he did.
He's also a fascinating character with a fascinating backstory in his own right. It's well worth the effort to better acquaint ourselves with him.
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About the Author
Marta is an active member of both SWG and the larger Tolkien fandom. While she primarily writes Ring War-era stories, her portrayal of those characters and events has been increasingly influenced by Tolkien's writings about the earlier ages.
In her offline life Marta is a philosophy graduate student and brings these interests with her to fandom. The emotional and intellectual depth of The Silmarillion has always drawn Marta toward stories inspired by that book, especially those set in Númenor and Gondolin. She has a soft spot for stories about dwarves and other lesser-known races, something the earlier ages certainly have in abundance.
You can find all of Marta's stories at her writing blog.
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Just yesterday we heard that Bond 23 had been put on hold indefinitely until the future of debt ridden MGM was certain, and now we have news that the director (or 'consultant') Sam Mendes is the front runner to take on another project.
Mendes wasn't officially hired to direct Bond 23 because that would have kick-started the pre-production process and would have caused complications if MGM had to sell the James Bond rights further down the line. If the MGM situation is resolved in the near future then production can resume and the film could start shooting early next year, however if not Mendes may be heading to Oz with Mr. Robert Downey Jr.
From Production Weekly's tweet:
Sam Mendes is the front runner to direct "Oz The Great And Powerful" by Mitchell Kapner, with Robert Downey, Jr. circling to play the Wizard
Last month the L.A Times reported that the Disney film (which was then titled Brick) would be produced by Alice in Wonderland producer Joe Roth and would follow the wizard who is "part of a traveling circus but goes on a similar odyssey as Dorothy when he mysteriously lands in Oz."
If both Mendes and Downey Jr. are attached then it would be something i'd be interested in seeing, although it may not start filming for at least another year or so. Downey Jr. is filming sci-fi Gravity this summer and it is expected that Sherlock Holmes 2 will begin filming towards the end of the year. He will also be needed for a small movie called The Avengers which begins filming in February. When Downey eventually becomes free it could be the case that Bond 23 is ready to go, so it'll just be a case of when both of them are available.
It's also worth noting that there are a few other Wizard of Oz films in development. Warner Bros. are currently deciding between two projects; one by the producers of Twilight which is "a comparatively faithful, non-musical adaptation of the original L. Frank Baum novel "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" and has franchise potential. The second one, written by History of Violence screenwriter Josh Olson, is darker and focuses on the granddaughter of Dorothy who returns to Oz to fight evil. Universal also has the Oz-inspired musical Wicked in development.
Which Wizard of Oz would you be interesting in returning to?

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Sharing Dutch cycle planning expertise
Helsinki, Finland has been integrating cycling facilities into the city's infrastructure since the 1960s with a strict division between heavy and light traffic resulting in a system that puts cyclists on sidewalks with pedestrians. The mix has resulted in complaints from pedestrians causing the city to reconsider their approach to cycle planning with help from Dutch experts.
Mobycon's Dick van Veen visited Helsinki to help lead a workshop on cycle planning March 7 to 8, 2013. ThinkBike is a workshop series presented by the Dutch Cycling Embassy. Experts from The Netherlands go abroad to share the Dutch traffic planning perspective with city planners, engineers and officials.
Dick presented on "Bicycle Inclusive Planning and Design" discussing the concepts of sustainable safety, characteristics of good cycling infrastructure and specific design elements that can be employed in transforming streets. He also assisted participants in an exercise where a section of the old city was redesigned with dedicated routes for cars and traffic slowing techniques were employed on other streets to allow for the mix of cars and bikes.
For more information about designing for the bike, contact Dick van Veen firstname.lastname@example.com. Dick is a transportation planner and architect and has participated in ThinkBike workshops in Athens, Greece, Philadelphia, USA and Pittsburg, USA.
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For a couple years now our friends Crystal and Ross have been trying to get us to go to Halloween Horror Nights at Universal Studios, but unfortunately it has never seemed to work out for us all to go. But with some advanced planning we were able to make it happen this year – tickets went on sale this week and we've got ours!
For those of you who are unfamiliar with Halloween Horror Nights (HHN), its held at night Universal Studios Hollywood (Orlando has one too!) and they basically turn the whole park into a giant haunted house (you can watch a teaser video here). They have different themes each year for the mazes too.
Truth be told, I am a little terrified to be going to HHN. I am the girl who is scared of the dark, I mute the tv when there are commercials for scary movies, I close my eyes at the first glimpse of a scary scene in a movie. As a general rule of thumb, I don't like to be scared. But I trust my friends and they say this is fun, so I'm giving it a shot. I will undoubtedly be a hot mess (don't judge me if I cry!) – there are people waiting around to scare you the whole night.
Before I get ahead of myself talking about Halloween – lets get back to all the summery goodness we still have left!
In keeping with this weeks unofficial theme of embracing summer, I wanted to share one of my favorite beverages we've been enjoying all summer long!
The sweetness of the fresh mango works perfectly with the tart lemons. In other words, a pretty perfect lemonade. Personally, I love the color – its bright and inviting. If we were basing it all on looks, I'd pick this one
- 3 cups water, divided
- ⅓ cup sugar
- 2 mangos, peeled and pureed
- 1 cup freshly squeezed lemon juice
- In a small microwave safe bowl combine 1 cup of water and sugar. Heat on high for 1 minute, or until sugar has all sugar has dissolved. Let cool.
- In a large pitcher combine sugar mixture, remaining water, lemon juice and mango puree. Stir until well mixed. Serve over ice and garnish with fresh mint sprigs, if desired.


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Tag Archives: bloggers
Birds of a Feather Flock Together: Blogger Meet-Up at the Genealogy Fair!
Are you a genealogy blogger? Do you have questions for NARA, whether it be about blogging or records? Then we have the event for you! This year at the 7th Annual Genealogy Fair, The National Archives will be hosting a … Continue reading
Getting from Format A to Format B: Mapping out conversions of your digital documents and files
Have you ever seen the signs on the side of the road offering services for converting videotapes to DVD? Do you worry that the digital pictures you take today might not be viewable 10 years from now? As we move … Continue reading
The Return of Tech Tuesdays!
If you can think all the way back to January, you may remember NARAtions starting a new weekly blog series called Tech Tuesdays that would highlight exciting new developments and cutting edge technologies being introduced into the archives field. While … Continue reading
Hidden Treasures from within Navy Deck Logs
In anticipation of our upcoming 'What Are You Working On?' blog series, Rachel Sutcliffe, an Archives Technician in the Holdings Maintenance Division at NARA, shares her experiences and insights on some very interesting records. One of the best things about working … Continue reading


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Metaform – Tokyo, Japan
Metaform is the DIY music project, launched in 2005, of Tokyo-via-Los Angeles music producer and songwriter Justice Aaron. Metaform's music has been compared to artists like Massive Attack and Tears for Fears, even though to his earlier fans he is considered to be a hip-hop artist. Aaron's musical influences include Neil Young, Deftones and DJ Shadow. He's also been featured in Remix and DJ magazines, among others. In 2008, he released his debut album, Standing on the Shoulders of Giants, constructed entirely from dusted off vinyl samples. The album spent an entire month on the College Music Journal's Top 20 and Alternative Press Magazine listed it as one of the Top 10 records of 2008, calling it "one of the best instrumental hip-hop records in years."
Two years later, Metaform released the highly controversial album, The Electric Mist, which isolated a big portion of the fans he made from his debut because the newer album was largely synth-based. While he isolated many of his early fans with the release of The Electric Mist, he also picked up a whole new group of fans who praised the album's dark and sexy electro-pop sound. Interestingly, the album was one of the most popular music torrents on the site Demonoid, where it remained in the Top 10 music torrents list for two years with a total of more than 300,000 downloads. Earlier this month, Metaform released Act 1 of his sci-fi opera trilogy, The Midnight Machine, that had been in the works since 2009.
"Winter City" – Metaform from The Midnight Machine – June 4th
Matt Churchill – London, England
Originally from Watford, Matt Churchill is a singer/songwriter based in London and a former member of the band Cedar. On May 6th, Churchill released his first EP, Cause/Affect. The EP contains three songs, two of them included below, which demonstrate Churchill's accomplishments as an acoustic folk musician and a songwriter. He shared two of the songs with us, the EP's title track and "Of My Time." The EP is also available in a limited edition cut cover package, available via his website. Produced, mixed and mastered by Hyperlion from Pariis Opera House, the three tracks are layered with dreamy vocals and intricate counter melodies. His musical influences include Nick Drake, Buffalo Springfield, Elbow, Neil Young, and Beth Orton.
"Cause/Affect" – Matt Churchill from Cause/Affect EP
"Of My Time" – Matt Churchill from Cause/Affect EP
James Kerr – London, England
London singer/songwriter James Kerr (not the Jim Kerr of 80's super band Simple Minds) played in various bands over the years and opened for artists like The Bluetones, The Feeling, The Paddingtons, Wendy James (Transvision Camp), and Glen Matlock (The Sex Pistols). But a couple of years ago, Kerr decided to strike out on this own, stating: "I've decided to go it alone and do everything myself, thus, removing the need to argue or get annoyed with anyone other than myself. I can cope much better this way."
Last spring, Kerr released his debut album, from which we have two impressive singles, including the touching, rhythmic song of longing, "When We Were Young," complete with hand-claps, a thumping bass, and a catchy, sing-a-long chorus. The second single, "The Ship," has a dreamy, peaceful quality to it, and is more stripped down than the first single, consisting only of Kerr's agreeable vocals and an acoustic guitar, with a brief infusion of an electric guitar solo and sparsely planted xylophone keys. His musical influences range from Bach to The Beatles and Jefferson Airplane to Jeff Buckley. We can only hope that more people will see the talent and potential that we do in Kerr's solo project. We're keeping our ears open for the next release from Kerr.
"When We Were Young" – James Kerr from James Kerr
"The Ship" – James Kerr from James Kerr
Heifervescent – Lancashire, England
Heifervescent is the Lancashire, England musical project of artist Andy Doran, who wrote, performed and produced each track from the May release of the album, Sheepyhead. Heifervescent's songs are highly-charged pop rock tracks that overflow with electronic-influenced melodies and bright guitar hooks with moments of ambient string arrangements – all accompanying Doran's fine vocal work. Long before he set out on his own to create Heifervescent, Doran was a singer/songwriter with Monkeyland, a fairly popular four- piece indie guitar band. In fact, Monkeyland, during the 1990's BritPop craze, played alongside UK bands like Shed Seven, The House of Love, Power of Dreams and The Railway Children. However, when the decade came to an end, Monkeyland disbanded. Doran lists his major musical influences to be the Eels, Elbow, Doves, The Pale Saints, Susanne Sündfor and The Beatles.
In response to our question, 'what is indie?,' Doran wrote: "Music that retains all the original sentiments of the artist, in the recording, the mix and the presentation, with nothing taken out or added by corporate bystanders. Music that hasn't perverted the course of justice."
"Liberty Girl" – Heifervescent from Wake Up Sheepyhead – May 1st
"Try Again" – Heifervescent from Wake Up Sheepyhead
Heifervescent's Official Website
Flat Ed – Carcassonne, France
Flat Ed is the one man band project of musician Stephane Iserable from Carcassonne, France. On June 21st, Flat Ed released his DIY debut album, Clapped Out, even though he began recording in 1995, releasing his first solo cassette that year. In addition to creating experimental and interesting pop, electro, folk and rock-inspired songs, Iserable has recorded and performed with various artists, and undertaken engineering, production and mixing for a variety of artists and bands for more than a decade. Clapped Out was recorded in France, England and Wales during an eight-year period that stretched from 2005 to 2013. With a couple of minor exceptions, Flat Ed played all of the instruments and did all of the vocals. "There's a lot of care put into the words as well as trying to always get a unique and different sound for each track. I try to never repeat myself, if I do, I don't release those tracks."
"Late Autumn Walk" – Flat Ed from Clapped Out
"24 Hours" Flat Ed from Clapped Out
Check out Flat Ed's website and Bandcamp page
Lillian Todd-Jones – Oxford, England
Lillian Todd-Jones is an unsigned indie solo artist from Oxford, England who made a little splash on some indie blogs recently with her single, "Butter Soul," that highlights her haunting vocals and demonstrates her skills as a talented songwriter. She has also been working closely during the past year with producer Gordon Mills Jr. (Ed Sheerhan, Newton Faulkner) since launching her music career late in 2011. Of this partnership, she commented: "It has been an amazing experience working with Gordon. When working together in his studio, the world seems to disappear, when it returns… there's a new song." The video for "Butter Soul" was shot by director Garry Wood in a dilapidated mansion and sees Lillian in various montages, mostly bedraggled in her own nightmare.
"Butter Soul" – Lillian Todd Jones
Lillian Todd Jones Official Website
Reebosound – Hannover, Germany
John Reebo, a musician from Hannover, Germany, who has recorded under the moniker, Reebosound, for the past seven years, dropped his third album, Juicy Black, back in October, which also features a few of Reebo's favorite guest musicians. Here are two tracks from the album that we think more people will want to hear. Reebo listed his biggest musical influences as the Eels, The Melvins, The Flaming Lips, David Bowie and Tribe of Noise.
"Lick My Blood" – Reebosound from Juicy Black
"The Ocean" – Reebosound from Juicy Black


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Dubai Miracle Garden Picture by @izkiz
#wonderful_places for a feature
Dubai Miracle Garden 319 33,367
Video by @mmuheisen (Muhammed Muheisen)
Flying over the tulip fields in Den Helder, the Netherlands. For more photos and videos follow me @mmuheisen #muhammedmuheisen
144 29,159
Video by @debachak
Bodybuilders and acrobats gather at the famed Muscle Beach in California to show off their strength — as in this video from photographer Deb Achak (@debachak). "Eager to see this particular athlete perform, I asked if I could capture him as he practiced," says Deb. "He happily obliged."
Santa Monica, California 4,112 349,118
Taxi | Photograph by Matt Pycroft (@mattpycroft)
"Out in the desert of Wadi Rum in Jordan, Salim pulled up to the side of the road to see what we were up to. We told him we were making a film about the changing lives of the Bedouin. 'I am Bedouin,' he replied," writes #YourShotPhotographer Matt Pycroft. "'What's wrong with her?' we asked, pointing to the camel. 'Nothing,' he replied, laughing. 'I am taking her to town. She has a date.' He winked, smiled, rolled up his window, and drove on."
"What a fantastic and amusing moment that made me smile. I love how you composed this frame, getting down low to hide the camel's body, which further emphasizes the surprise of its neck and head popping up from the truck bed — and you are cleaning your composition (eliminating the truck cab coming through the camel's head). Also, thanks for taking the time to share the story behind your photo, which made me love this frame even more. Well done Matt!" — @natgeoyourshot Producer David Y. Lee (@davidylee)
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2017 全球攝影大賽 人物組 第二名
| 末代菸農 |
美濃地區是台灣地區菸葉的大宗,進口菸便宜,這樣產業就要消失了。
拍攝地:台灣 高雄美濃
Photograph by 王靖瑄
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"Tonto was recently diagnosed with lymphoma and is undergoing the CHOP protocol of Chemotherapy. I use every opportunity that I can to give him extra hugs - even if that means wrapping him in a sleeping bag like a burrito and holding him hostage! " writes @laducb
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Los #NGXplorers de la región expusieron sobre su trabajo y avances en el campo de la exploración en el primer Festival de Exploradores de América Latina, #NatGeoFestCDMX ¡No te pierdas el resto de las actividades de la semana! Síguenos en nuestras redes sociales.
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Photo by @michaelmelford:
Sunrise gleams behind the Teton Range and the Snake River in Bridger-Teton National Forest, Wyoming. #landscapes #mountains #nationalforest #sunrise
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moody skies over south lake
South Lake Tahoe, California 41 4,482
© Inkphy.


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Craftsman Direct Inc. of Raleigh NC can repair just about any Wood Rot you might have: on your wooden deck, outdoor stairwell repair needs, hardwood floors or basic structural work - we have licensed and bonded carpenter contractors. Whatever you need, we will come to your site and give you our written estimate - call us or fill out our FREE Quote form.
"We had a problem with a rotted out floor in the bathroom...[Craftsman Direct] Lee came in and assessed the problem and advised what would need to be done...he gave us 3 proposals depending on how much remodeling of the bathroom we would like to have done. When we got back in touch with him he and his crew came out within a couple of days...put their heads together on how to proceed and went right to work solving the problem....The water valves to the sink had rusted and one broke off while removing the vanity from the wall...Lee suggested that we have a plumber come by that was more familiar with the best way to repair this type of plumbing situation....The plumber...did the work needed there. The bathroom floor repair and vinyl replacement were done in 1 day with litte interruption to our lives. The plumber finished his repair a few days later.
The repair work went very well from start to finish. We could not be more pleased with the outcome. Lee and the others were very professional and knowledgeable and explained in detail what they were doing all along the way. They left no mess behind and the finished bathroom looks wonderful. We will not hesitate to call on Craftsman Direct for future home repairs and refer others. Their work is truly as advertised on Angie's List, A-1.
~ Lisa, Apex NC
In addition to rotted wood repairs, Craftsman Direct of Raleigh NC can also move electrical outlets or we can modify or remove load-bearing walls. Moving a wall is a fairly BIG project, thus be prepared for a longer project time.
Wood Rot Repairs in Raleigh NC
North Carolina presents a real weather challenge to your home all year. We get extremely HOT weather in the summer, very cold weather in the winter, and it also is fairly wet and humid - all of this puts real stress on wood and encourages wood rot. Check your home consistently for wood rot and call Craftsman Direct - we will give you a free estimate and let you know exactly what you need. Wood rot will dry out during the hot summer months, but when it rains your house is more vulnerable to water leaks. Wood rot only gets worse over time!
Serving the Triangle-Triad Since 2002
P.O. Box 51803,
Durham, NC 27717
Home | About Us | News | Site Map


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Original URL: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/06/11/hot_chips_24_preview/
Intel rivals crash Hot Chips party with full-fat server silicon
Hey baby, wanna come upstairs and see my pipeline?
Posted in Personal Tech, 11th June 2012 10:18 GMT
After hogging most of the oxygen in the server market with its new Xeon E3 and E5 processors this spring, Intel is going to get a little competition this summer as its rivals in the server racket trot out their upcoming server processors at the Hot Chips 24 symposium at Stanford University.
The Hot Chips event, which is hosted jointly by the IEEE and the ACM, runs from August 27 to 29 in Cupertino, and is one of two big events held each year when makers of CPUs for PCs, servers, and mobile devices, FPGAs, network processors as well as the latest chip manufacturing techniques such as die stacking and etching processes are trotted out for bragging rights. (The other event, of course, is the International Solid-State Circuits Conference hosted by the IEEE early in the year.)
This particular Hot Chips looks to be an interesting one, as a slew of new server and PC processors and possible adjuncts will be talked about in detail for the first time.
Wednesday is the big day for server chips, with IBM divulging the details of its Power7+ processor for its Power Systems line of servers. IBM has not said much about what the Power7+ chip will include, but as El Reg has previously reported, we know that IBM is planning to implement the Power7+ in a 32 nanometer process, giving it a fairly large shrink compared to the current 45 nanometer Power7 chips, which have eight cores and 32MB of on-chip embedded DRAM L3 cache memory.
El Reg has been able to get its hands on a few roadmaps, but all they show is that Power7+ will have higher clock speeds, a "very large cache", and unnamed accelerators on the chips. The Power7 chips first started coming to market in midrange boxes in early 2010, and are due for a refresh to make them more competitive with the latest Xeon and Opteron processors from Intel and Advanced Micro Devices.
IBM is also showing off what it calls its third-generation zNext processor for mainframes, which presumably means it is talking about the z12 kicker to the current z11 processors used in the System zEnterprise 114 and 196 mainframes.
These came out in July 2010, and they are also getting a little long in the tooth and are due for an upgrade. IBM is not saying much about what its plans are for zNext v3, but the current z11 chip has four cores on a die, is implemented in 45 nanometers, and runs at a top speed of 5.2GHz.
It seems likely that IBM will goose the clock speed a bit as part of a move to 32 nanometers with its chip etching processes on the z12 chips and will also add more L2 and L3 cache on the die. If IBM can boost the L3 cache enough, it may be able to do away with the off-chip L4 cache and controller and thereby simplify the components that go into its mainframes.
Oracle and Fujitsu are also rolling out their latest Sparc processors for servers at the Hot Chips 24 event. Oracle will be showing off its Sparc T5 processor, which will sport 16 cores and will have the necessary circuitry on those chips to glue up to eight of them together in a single system image in a NUMA configuration with one hop between processors. To get a one-hop NUMA connect with four sockets, you need three NUMA ports per chip, and this is something that you can do with the current Opteron 6200 and Xeon 4600 processors.
To do a one-hop link between eight sockets, you need seven ports coming out of each chip and a total of 56 ports, or you need some kind of funky crossbar switch that sits in the middle of all of the sockets – allowing each socket to hit the switch and link directly to another socket in the cluster. Oracle says that it is glueless, meaning it doesn't need any external chipsets to link the Sparc T5s together into a single system image.
Sometime partner and sometime rival Fujitsu appears to have at last committed itself to putting its future 16-core Sparc64-X processors into Unix machines, and will be showing this chip off at Hot Chips. Fujitsu is already shipping a 16-core Sparc64-IXfx processor in its PrimeHPC supercomputers, which are based on the same design as the K supercomputer, which uses eight-core Sparc64-VIIIfx processors.
Neither Oracle nor Fujitsu used a variant of the eight-core Sparc64-VIIIs in the Sparc Enterprise M machines, which seems a bit odd at first; they merely continued to sell the quad-core Sparc64-VII+ processors (called the M3 chips by Oracle). It seems likely that this choice was made because to get to 8 and 16 cores, Fujitsu had to radically gear down the clock speeds – from 3GHz with the Sparc64-VII+ down to 2GHz with the Sparc64-VIIIfx and down to 1.85GHz with the Sparc64-IXfx.
Drilling into Oracle's performance boasts
In any event, Oracle's Sparc processor roadmap from September 2011 said that the Sparc M4 chips were in test and would be used in machines spanning up to 64 sockets, just like the current Enterprise M9000 machines. Oracle is promising that the Sparc M4 processors would have 1.5 times the single-thread performance and six times the throughput performance of the M3s they replace, which has a lot of people scratching their heads.
Oracle's Solaris software gurus told El Reg last November that the M4s were based on a T series core, not a Fujitsu Sparc64 core, and would therefore be able to support Oracle's Logical Domain (LDom) hypervisor, which the Fujitsu Sparc64 chips cannot. This piece of data, if it turns out to be true, complicates the situation a little. It may simply not be true.
Just on raw oomph alone, if the Sparc64-X chip from Fujitsu was ramped up to 4.5GHz, which would certainly be possible with a 32 nanometer process if that is what Fujitsu is using, and kept two threads per core as was used in the Sparc64-VII+ chips, it fits the comparison between the M3 and M4 chips perfectly.
For the M3, you get a total of eight threads running at 3GHz, or a combined 24GHz of aggregate clocks, and for the M4 you get a total of 32 threads running at 4.5GHz, for a combined 144GHz of aggregate clocks. It could be, of course, that Oracle plans to take an 8-core or 16-core Sparc T5 chip, wrap some big SMP electronics and L3 cache around it, and crank the clocks up to the same range to get the same effect. This would effectively cut Fujitsu out of the high-end Oracle server business and make the two competitors, not partners.
You'll notice that Oracle is not showing off a Sparc M4 processor at Hot Chips. El Reg would guess that the Solaris guys got it wrong on what kind of core is in the M4 chip but have it right in that the Sparc M4, now called the Sparc64-X, does have the features on chip to support LDom portioning, and that adding this partitioning capability is one of the things that has taken so long to develop and made the Sparc64-VII+ look so long in the tooth.
Also on the server front, Intel will be showing off its "Sandy Bridge-EP" Xeon E5-2600 processor for two-socket boxes, which was announced back in March, and Applied Micro Circuits will also be showing off its 64-bit ARMv8-based X-Gene server processor, which the company divulged was in the works last fall and which could become a weapon in the upcoming x86-ARM server wars.
AMD will be talking about its "Jaguar" microprocessor, and Intel will be talking about its "Ivy Bridge" Core v3 and "Medfield" Atom Z2460 processors, which are used in PCs or mobile devices. It is interesting that AMD is not talking about the future server chips it has cooking based on its "Piledriver" cores and which will be compatible with the C32 and G34 sockets that its Opteron 4200 and 6200 chips plug into.
Techies from the University of Michigan will be showing off the Swizzle Switch, "a self-arbitrating high radix crossbar" for network-on-chip devices (PDF), which they think are better than mesh or flattened butterfly (FBFly) interconnects. They will also be trotting out the experimental Cenitp3de 3D stacked ARM chip complex that the university also presented at ISSCC earlier this year.
AMD will also be trotting out its "Trinity" Fusion APUs and HD7970 graphics processors, along with Intel providing some more specifics about its x64-based "Knights Corner" Many Integrated Core (MIC) coprocessors for supercomputing applications. Intel will also be gussying up its "Claremont" near threshold voltage 32-bit concept chip, which was also making the rounds at the International Solid-State Circuits Conference earlier this year. ®


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BECOMING an Australian is "a privilege".
Maranoa MP David Littleproud said the process – which migrants must undergo to become a citizen – will reflect "our" values as the Coalition Federal Government today outlined its strengthened Australian citizenship reforms.
"Our reforms will ensure applicants are competent in English, have been a permanent resident for at least four years and are committed to embracing Australian values," Mr Littleproud said.
"English language proficiency is essential for economic participation. It promotes integration into the Australian community and social cohesion.
"Also, a person's conduct will be scrutinised and considered as part of the citizenship process because criminal activity – including violence against women and children – involvement in gangs or organised crime is not compatible with our Australian values."
Mr Littleproud strongly supports the Coalition Government's tough citizenship process and requirement stance that puts assimilation and our values at the heart of what it means to become Australian.
"I've been in constant contact with Immigration Minister Peter Dutton because I know how important this issue is to us," he said.
"It's not only crucial new citizens integrate and contribute to our nation but also that Australians have confidence in the process which determines whether someone is a suitable candidate for such an important privilege.
"Citizenship is at the heart of our national identity and it's the foundation of our democracy. We must ensure our citizenship program is conducted in our national interest."
The new requirements will apply to all new applications for Australian citizenship.
The reforms will include:
Requiring all applicants to pass a stand-alone English test, involving reading, writing, listening and speaking;
Requiring applicants to have lived in Australia as a permanent resident for at least four years (instead of one year at present);
Strengthening the citizenship test itself with new and more meaningful questions which assess an applicant's understanding of – and commitment to – our shared values and responsibilities;
Requiring applicants to show the steps they have taken to integrate into and contribute to the Australian community. Examples include: Evidence of employment, membership of community organisations and school enrolment for all eligible children.
Limiting the number of times an applicant can fail the citizenship test to three (at present there's no limit to the number of times an applicant can fail the test); and
Introducing an automatic fail for applicants who cheat during the citizenship test.
What's your view?


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Waitakere Walking
Panoramic views, magnificent kauri and native birdsong and all less than an hour from the Auckland's city centre.
It pays to know what you're doing in the Waitakeres. Even though we're less than an hour from the city, this chain of hills runs for 25 kms and is covered in native bush. To the west, the ranges slope down to the much loved black sand beaches of Karekare, Piha, Te Henga (Bethells) and Muriwai and the turbulent Tasman Sea. To the east, suburban Auckland finally gives up its attempt to claim the steep terrain for more housing development. In between, over 16 000 hectares of native rainforest is criss- crossed by over 200 kms of walking tracks.
Today we set off on the Auckland City Walk - an hour long loop walk on very well maintained tracks which conveniently passes close to one of the oldest (and biggest) kauri trees in the area. We, however, are made of sterner stuff and launch into a much bigger loop cobbled together from many of the other tracks by my experienced companion. We climb through bush thick with regenerating kauri enjoying the stillness that is only occasionally broken by a fluttering of a fantail or the slow beating of native pigeon wings. In some places the young kauri are so close together that it can only end badly for some. Only the fittest will survive and only if they escape the fatal fungus known as kauri dieback disease which is slowly killing kauri trees throughout this area.
Our route follows the descriptively named Upper Kauri track, Long Road and Fence Line track to the Waitakere Dam where we stop for lunch. It's a peaceful spot with fabulous views and today we have it to ourselves. Then we're off again, following the Waitakere Tramline which was built to enable the construction of the Waitakere Dam and the pipeline that carries the water that feeds the city. At the weekend, a train still runs along the track crossing bridges and viaducts and passing through tunnels and making access to the Dam easy for those who don't want to walk.
It's fair to say that the Waitakeres receive their fair share of rain and this can wreak havoc with the tracks. However, a lot of work has been done to upgrade paths and provide raised boardwalks and graded steps which, make the tracks tracks surprisingly (and welcomingly) mud free.
There is a complex network of tracks (147 in total) within the Waitakere regional park and something for all abilities. Sign posting is good but it pays to take a good map of the area, and to carry appropriate supplies and equipment. Jandals are definitely not recommended !
The Local Tourist enjoys sharing New Zealand's hidden gems with you. You'll find more at http://www.thelocaltouristnz.com
Have you got a great story to tell? Add your own article


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As promised, I am sharing my Cod recipe with you today! A lot of my friends tell me that cooking Cod doesn't work for them. They either don't like it or they don't know how to work with it. So, I will be sharing one of the major key points to cook Cod. Hopefully this will help make it easier for the next time you're craving a flavorful filet of fish.
The key to cooking fish is knowing your fish. For instance if you're cooking Trout, you're more likely to smell and have a "muddy tasting" fish. Trouts get their muddy taste from a chemical compound called "geosmin". This compound is found in soil, giving some vegetables and fish the "earthy" taste. Best way to get rid of the muddy taste is by soaking your fish in either vinegar or whole milk. The compound "geosmin" breaks done when it's exposed to acid. Now, not all fish smell fishy or muddy, but if they do, this rule can be applied to other types of fish like Cod as well.
I usually soak my Cod in lemon juice for approximately 5-10 minutes before prepping it to bake.
Now, lets get to the recipe!
Spicy Baked Cod
Yield Amount: 4 servings Prep Time: 10 minutes Cook Time: 25 minutes
Total Time: 35 minutes
2 Large Filet of Cod
1 Stick of Butter (thinly sliced)
1 Poblano Pepper (Sliced)
2 Roma tomatoes (diced)
4 cloves Garlic (minced)
1 Habanero pepper (blended in a grinder)
2 Lemons to soak the Cod (while preheating the oven)
Salt to taste
Black pepper to taste
- Preheat the oven to 450 degrees
- Place two filet in aluminum foil individually. You're essentially creating little packets out of the aluminum foil
- Brush the habanero paste lightly over the cod, you don't want to over do it because it'll be too spicy.
- Once the Cod is placed inside the foil packet, season both sides with salt and black pepper.
- Sprinkle the diced garlic over both filet generously.
- Place slices of Poblano pepper and Roma tomatoes over the filet in both packets
- Take the slices of the butter and place them all over the filet (I used three slices per filet)
- Now, tightly conceal the aluminum packet and place them on a baking sheet
- Bake for 25 minutes
- Take the packets out of the oven and open them cautiously to let the steam out
- Serve with your choice of side. I used quinoa.
- Take a picture, tag @Pizza_and_Perrier, enjoy!
Have a great weekend!


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The Corner Cafe is my neighborhood diner. It is complete with a kooky mural, teenage waitstaff with Philadelphia accents, a clientele consisting mostly of senior citizens and of course, quality breakfast and lunch offerings.
I've had quite a few breakfasts at the Corner Cafe, and they've all been consistently good. Diners are great because you can essentially tailor your dish to suit what you're craving. If you're in the mood for sweet chocolate chip pancakes, but you need some protein, you can get a side of bacon and eggs. Or if you want something light to accompany your omelet, a fruit cup is always an option. At diners, "no" is never an option.
During this visit, I ordered the Holy Cannoli Crepes ($8.25) from the specials menu. They were delicious and exceeded my expectations of Corner Cafe. Three crepes were filled with ricotta cheese and melted chocolate. They were topped with more melted chocolate and a dollop of whipped cream. The crepes were thicker than the crepes I'm used to eating, but they were still really good! The gooey filling was amazing! I looooove cannoli (see my review of Mike's Pastry in Boston for more cannoli goodness) and this was a great adaptation of the dessert in crepe form. The dish also came with a side of meat. I went with Canadian bacon, which was thick, chewy and salty. I would definitely get this dish again.
My boyfriend got the Huntingdon Valley Omelet with egg whites ($6.75) and a fruit bowl. The omelet was filled with bacon, peppers, onions and cheddar. My boyfriend, the omelet expert, thought that the flavor was a bit plain and that the dish was more scrambled than it was "omelet-eqsue." I think the absence of yolk may have contributed to this texture.
Despite the lackluster omelet, I've had plenty of great breakfasts at Corner Cafe! The servers are sharp and attentive and the food is consistent in quality.
The Bottom Line:
Food: 4/5
Ambiance: 3/5
Corner Cafe & Deli
801 Huntingdon Pike
Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006


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Master's degree in Climate Change: Instrumental Reconstruction and AnalysisURV - Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Màsters Oficials
Rs 23,12,378
Original amount in EUR:
€ 29,000
Important information
|Tarragona (Spain)
|1 Year
- Master
- Tarragona (Spain)
- Duration:
1 Year
- Credits: 60
Frequent Asked Questions
· What are the objectives of this course?
The goal of the master's degree is to train professionals with awareness of climate change and its impact on territory, biodiversity and health, who have the skills to analyse environmental issues and find protective measures. You will be trained in research methodology, in analysis of climate data and analysis of the impact of climate change on ecosystems and biodiversity. You will learn about climate forecasts and scenarios and you will be trained to design environmental protection strategies.
· Who is it intended for?
The master's degree is targeted at graduates and professionals in the sector of social sciences and Earth sciences who would like to specialise in researching the evolution of climate change in order to be able to work in environmental management and quality departments. The course lasts one academic year and is taught in person. The classes are taught in Catalan, Spanish and English.
· Requirements
University graduates in Geography, Chemistry, Physics, Geology, Ecology, Biology, Archaeology, Environmental Sciences, Oenology, Engineering or similar areas.
What you'll learn on the course
Research skills
Climate data analysis
Microbial biosphere
Ecosystems and health
Data recovery techniques
Analysis of climate extremes
Environmental planning applied to climate change
Communicative and social dimensions of climate change
Climate change legislation
Climatic series standardisation techniques
Climatic series quality control
Biodiversity and ecosystems
Impacts of climate change on the biosphere
Impacts of climate change on health
Geographical information systems applied to climate change
Course programme
- Climate Change Observed
- Climate Forecasts and Scenarios
- Research Skills
- Analysis of Climate Data
- Microbial Biosphere, Ecosystems and Health
- Master's Thesis


text: Putting you within a 10-minute drive of Atahualpa Olympic Stadium and Basilica of the National Vow, Eugenia Hotel offers airport drop-off service (available 24 hours) for USD 35 per person. You can relax with a drink at the bar/lounge, and the 2 restaurants are nice spots to grab a bite to eat. Rooms at this Victorian hotel offer room service and free WiFi.


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Let's congratulate, the New Year 2015! Well if you've failed to achieve what you want to achieve than surly you've survived the "nasty beast" that was 2014. Thankfully now we're in 2015 and it's truly a time to look forward for best. Yes! It's the beginning of New Year, new hopes & new approach to … Continue reading 2015 Calendar Templates
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It's true you can step closer to your dreams by creating a calendar timeline. A scheduling of events & activities of upcoming dates or past dates dramatically showcase on calendar in chronological order is called calendar's timeline. A calendar timeline template will help you to retain the important dates of your past & upcoming events. … Continue reading Timeline Calendar Template
Blank Calendar Template
To be honest a task should not be postponed on next day. Alter remaining jobs on several days is not a good idea always try to fulfillment your tasks on time. In the era of cataclysm ostensibly you are having troubles with that high powered lifestyle, if you want to live like professionals try to … Continue reading Blank Calendar Template
Yearly Calendar Template
All the successful people in a world are organized & punctual. One of the most important & authentic tool for organizing the events & managing the tasks is calendar. A yearly calendar template is not just a yearly calendar, in fact if you're a student it can be your academic calendar, if you're an actor … Continue reading Yearly Calendar Template
Weekly Calendar Template
Making or preparing a weekly calendar is superbly a fantastic art, it's also a light-heart pleasure to craft a calendar no matter you're adult or teenager. On the other hands a specific result you'll aims to achieve within a time frame & also with the help of available resources is known other than objectives. Creating … Continue reading Weekly Calendar Template


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DETROIT — Joe Mauer's five-game injury absence is over.
The Twins' franchise first baseman popped into manager Ron Gardenhire's office Saturday morning and let him know it was "all systems go" as far as his lower-back issue.
Mauer will bat third and serve as the designated hitter for this afternoon's game against the Detroit Tigers. He is 8 for 26 (.308) with a home run in his career against Tigers starter Max Scherzer, the reigning American League Cy Young Award winner.
"He came in early, got to the park and did some stuff," Gardenhire said of Mauer. "He came in saying, 'I want to play. I'm in.' The trainers said the same thing. Looks good. Looks like he can run the bases, do everything he needs to do."
Mauer last played on Sunday at home against Baltimore, leaving after just two innings and one plate appearance. Back pain left him unable to tie his size-13 shoes until Tuesday.
Since then he has been taking treatment and slowly working his way back into baseball activity.
"Backs, we all know, are not something you want to deal with too awful much," Gardenhire said. "They're strange things. When you start feeling better, you always want to give it a few extra days. I've had it. Everybody's had it. It's not much fun. Just happy to see he's wanting to come in here and play. That's good."
Mauer has yet to run the bases or take batting average on the field, so this timeline seems a bit aggressive. However, with a roster stretched thin by other injuries, the Twins needed to find out by this weekend if Mauer would be able to avoid the disabled list.
It was on their last trip to Comerica Park in August that Mauer experienced nausea during batting practice on Aug. 20 and had to be placed on the seven-day concussion disabled list. He missed the final 39 games of the season.
"I said, 'Make sure.' He said, 'I'm sure,' " Gardenhire said. "He's in the lineup. Pretty easy to write his name in there."
As for running the bases, Mauer was unable to do that the last two days because of pregame rain that wiped out batting practice on Friday and a religious service that put the field off limits on Saturday.
"He did all kinds of stuff (Friday)," Gardenhire said. "He didn't run the bases. Not until he hits one. Then we'll see him run the bases. I just said, 'Can you make sure you can run the bases?' He said he can make sure he can run the bases."


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Suffolk police rescue injured fox
An injured fox that suffered what appeared to be two broken legs was found by police Saturday morning in East Islip, authorities said.
The hobbled animal was found laying against a fence in the 50 block of Harwood Avenue near the Heckscher State Parkway shortly after 10 a.m., Suffolk County police said.
Officers from the Emergency Services Unit placed the fox in a box lined with leaves and took the animal to a wildlife rehabilitation facility in Selden.
It was not immediately clear how the fox became injured.


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Invoking the "usual suspects" only obscures how much we don't know.
The trend toward weight gain over the past 3 decades is routinely characterized as an "epidemic" and even a "pandemic," which requires an urgent response.
First evident in developed countries, this trend has become a worldwide phenomenon. A major paper in the Lancet last month estimated that overweight and obesity are responsible for 3.4 million deaths worldwide, making obesity a "major global health challenge." The authors noted that no country has succeeded in lowering its obesity rate in 33 years.
Funding for research and obesity prevention programs has soared – NIH funding for obesity research is currently nearly $1B per year -- and there is no dearth of ideas for how we should combat obesity.
The problem is that these appear to be based more on wishful thinking than on hard scientific fact. One proposed explanation often conflicts with another, and many explanations are either tautological or hopelessly simplistic -- people get fat because they either eat too much or move too little (i.e., gluttony and sloth), or both.
How can this be?
A number of recent articles by scientists involved in research on obesity make a pointed case that, in spite of many millions of dollars of funding, thousands of published studies, and a consensus about the urgency of the problem, existing research to answer the question "What causes obesity and how can we prevent it?" is woefully inadequate.
It's rare that you come across a systematic critique of a whole field – especially one that is not recondite but rather which involves the health of millions and an enormous burden on the medical care system and society as whole -- and one that is constantly in the news.
Such a paper came out a year ago in the
Hébert and his co-authors write that, "Despite decades of research into the causes of the obesity pandemic, we seem to be no nearer to a solution now than when the rise in body weights was first chronicled decades ago."
Obesity is a complex phenomenon involving the interplay of basic human drives, the environment, physiology, and genetics. Faced with this problem, there is a tendency for researchers to select one aspect of the puzzle, use methods that have severe limitations, and obtain results which are then often interpreted uncritically and offered as the basis for policy recommendations.
What Hébert and colleagues aim to provide is a critical assessment of the pitfalls of research on obesity in order to lay the groundwork for more creative and rigorous work that might actually lead to effective strategies.
They lay out a number of confusions and fallacies that impede understanding of obesity.
Obesity, the excess accumulation of fat, is defined differently in various disciplines. For example, body mass index (kilograms/height2), or BMI, is widely used in epidemiologic studies because it is simple and inexpensive, requiring only measurement of weight and height. However, BMI does not distinguish between body fat and lean mass (bone, muscle, blood, etc), nor does it reflect the distribution of fat deposits. Furthermore, BMI misclassifies a substantial proportion of the population as regards their percentage of body fat. Other more powerful methods of measuring fat location and type (subcutaneous, visceral) are available but are used mainly in laboratory studies.
The use of BMI as a measure of obesity has resulted in a great deal of confusion and uninterpretable results.
Obesity is the result of the interplay of factors in the external environment (social milieu, food energy availability, behavioral processes) and the internal environment (metabolic rate, genes, epigenetics) that regulate body composition, energy intake, energy expenditure, and nutrient portioning. We know that genetics affects obesity; however, a strong genetic predisposition appears to apply to a relatively small proportion of the population. Obesity also can stem from other processes such as thyroid and other metabolic disorders. In otherwise normal people, weight gain and weight loss are tightly regulated. The many ways in which free-living individuals (as opposed to laboratory subjects) can make adjustments to and recalibrate their energy intake and expenditure defy easy explanations.
A favored explanation for obesity relates to "energy balance" (EB) and invokes the First Law of Thermodynamics (FLT), which states that energy can be converted from one state to another but cannot be destroyed. This is used to argue that obesity is simply the result of energy intake (calories consumed) exceeding energy expenditure (calories burned). The explanation holds that excess energy intake leads to storage of excess energy, primarily in the form of fat.
While the FLT is absolutely true, Hébert and colleagues point out that the imprecision of methods for measuring energy intake and energy expenditure in large population-based studies "precludes accurate quantification of the EB equation and thus precludes definitive statements regarding the cause of the obesity epidemic."
They write that, "to understand the obesity epidemic, we need to search for potentially modifiable root factors that can be measured and modeled to see how well they fit the criteria for judging causality. We should not be satisfied with tautological statements based on the FLT."
The literature on obesity is replete with studies that used less rigorous study designs, rather than randomized controlled trials (which are difficult and expensive to conduct) or carefully-designed epidemiological studies. For a variety of practical reasons, most studies rely on inexpensive, inaccurate, and imprecise measures of food intake and energy expenditure. The authors comment that, "This satisfaction with inadequate measurement has stunted obesity research and the field of nutritional epidemiology more generally."
Throughout the obesity literature, correlation is mistakenly interpreted as evidence of causation. The authors criticize the "invalid determinism," which implies that economic forces directly affect obesity.


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One of the finest riverfront properties on the South Fork of the Kaweah River. This waterfront river retreat is completely secluded, surrounded by native oaks and mountains. A large entertaining patio overlooks 371' of river front with large boulders, rock formations and seasonal rapids. Wide gravel paths create easy access to the river, perfect for swimming and fishing. The 1,700 sqft home was custom crafted in 1992 and features two bedrooms and two baths, with a loft and screened porch off the master bedroom. The open floorplan framed by large windows throughout, bring natural light and painting-like views of greenery inside. The LR includes random North Carolina pine plank flooring, vaulted cedar ceilings and a majestic Bouquet Canyon rock fireplace. Custom pine cabinets, Hurd windows, 2x6 construction, cedar siding and river rock pillars are more of its many features. A charming self-contained guest apartment above the two car garage adds an additional 440 sqft. of living space.
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Auto Resizing Images for Mobile Screens
One thing that I found out very quickly when working with jQuery Mobile was that my images did not auto resize to the device. If I made an image that was fairly large and looked good on an iPad screen, but that same image would be too large or partially off the screen when viewed from an iPhone.
Remove Height and Width from your Img Tags
After doing some research I found a simple fix that I wanted to share. There are a couple of things you need to do but the first thing is to not assign width and height dimensions for your images. For example, when you are inserting an image inside your HTML, typically you assign a width and a height to the image you insert, but when you are working with multiple screen sizes you don't want your images to always be that size. If you assign a width and height to the image then no matter what that image will be that width and height and will never resize to the size you need. So again, do not assign width and height attributes to any of the images you want to resize, and it should look something like this
-
Adding the CSS to make it all work
Now comes the important part, After you have removed all the width and height attributes from your img tags add this section to your main css file.
- img, object{
- max-height:90%;
- max-width:90%;
- }
You can change the max-height and max-width to whatever you want but we are addressing the objects within the img tags which in this case is the actual images and saying you have a max height/width of 90% that means you cannot go beyond 90% of the screen real-estate so if your image is wider than 90% it will auto resize but it will keep your image proportional. So I can take an image that would look great on an iPad and use it for an iPhone and not worry about it going off the screen.
Centering the image
One other thing I am asked a lot is how to center the image. If you are targeting mobile then most likely the browser will support HTML5 so you can use HTML5's center tag to accomplish this like the following.
-
By wrapping the image inside of the center tags, it will always center my image in the middle of the screen. You can do this with any HTML element so it does not have to be an image.


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Add Your ATC250R photo here... upload your photo in .jpg or .gif format, pictures must be no larger than 2mb in size. We're looking for 250R action photos as well as still shots.
We'll add all received photos on our next update. Click any thumbnail to enlarge it in a new window. This page showcases the need for more Honda ATC pictures for the gallery.
Please allow a few days for pics to be added as I still update the gallery by hand.
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I'm experiencing my first period since the miscarriage. I'm amazed at not only how much I HATE PERIODS, but also by how much I am affected by the fact that I shouldn't even be having a period right now. I can remember feeling this frustration after losing James & Jake. It sucks.
It more than sucks.
I'm emotional and in pain, I'm tired and grouchy and I'd really just like to cry in the corner with a big box of teddy grahams in my hands.
…I'm over here today.


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Welcome to the Palm Coast Elks
"Florida's Friendliest Lodge"
The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the United States of America has more than 1 million members in more than 2,100 local lodges nationwide.
Our mission is to inculcate the principles of Charity, Justice, Brotherly Love, and Fidelity; to recognize a belief in God; to promote the welfare and enhance the happiness of our members; to quicken the spirit of American Patriotism; to cultivate good fellowship; to perpetuate the Order as a fraternal organization, and to provide for its government, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the United States of America will serve the people and communities of this nation through benevolent programs, demonstrating that
If you would like to learn more about the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks or learn how to become a member of the Palm Coast Lodge 2709 or a local Lodge in your area, please call the Lodge at (386) 446-2709 x101, or visit the www.Elks.org website. We will be happy to answer your question.
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What Morocco Tastes Like by Furqan Khan 3-201
Morocco tastes like some food that is Arabic. It also tastes like food with Berber influence. Morocco tastes like soup with Arabic chicken and spices.
Here is a recipe on the Internet for Moroccan chicken soup:
Adapted from The Essential EatingWell Cookbook. [review]
Makes 6 servings.
medium bowl
large pot with lid
1 tablespoon sweet paprika
2 teaspoons ground cumin
1/2 teaspoon ground coriander
16 ounces (454 g) boneless, skinless chicken breast, cut into 1/2-inch strips
1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil
2 onions, chopped
2 cloves garlic, minced
1/2 teaspoon saffron threads, crushed (optional)
1/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper
1 cinnamon stick
6 cups (~1.4 liters) homemade chicken stock or reduced-sodium broth
6 ounces (~170 g) peeled diced butternut squash
4 ounces (113 g) white mushrooms, diced
2 carrots, grated
2 tablespoon lemon juice
1/4 cup chopped fresh mint (or parsley)
1. Combine the paprika, cumin, and coriander. Place cut chicken strips in the medium bowl and toss with 1 tablespoon of the spice mixture.
2. Heat the olive oil in the pot over medium heat. Add the chicken and cook until browned, about 3 to 4 minutes. Transfer to a plate.
3. Add the onions and garlic to the pot and cook, stirring, until softened, about 5 minutes. Add the saffron, cayenne, cinnamon stick, and the rest of the spice mixture. Cook, stirring, for 1 minute.
4. Add the broth, squash, and the chicken. Cover and bring to a boil. Reduce heat to low and simmer, uncovered, for 10 minutes.
5. Add the mushrooms and carrot and simmer until the vegetables are tender and the chicken is cooked through, about 5 minutes. Discard the cinnamon stick. Stir in the lemon juice. Ladle the soup into bowl and garnish with the mint.


text: Faculty Katie Wolfe and Ketty Nez formed a violin-piano duo at the University of Iowa in 2003, and since then have performed at various venues nationally and internationally. Their concerts are a mixture of repertoires which feature commissions and works by today's composers, including Eliane Aberdam, Martin Bresnick, Richard Cornell, David Dzubay, David Gompper, Amelia Kaplan, David Lefkowitz, David Liptak, Robert Morris, and Tom Schnauber. Working with both faculty and student composers at various schools in conjunction with masterclasses and lectures, their tours have included Boston University, Oberlin Conservatory of Music, UCLA, University of Iowa, University of Rhode Island, University of Wisconsin Madison, and the Banff Centre in Canada. Recent activities include performing as featured artists in the 2015 New Music Festival at Ball State University in Indiana, and concerts at the University of Iowa, Amherst College, and Boston.


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Maybe it was the ostentatious elegance of the tables set for the Brooklyn Museum's gala honoring Atlantic Yards developer Bruce Ratner.
(Photos by Adrian Kinloch, except the Gloria Mattera shot. Click to enlarge.)
Maybe it was the parade of limousines and SUVs bringing well-dressed guests--at $500 to $1000 and more a plate--to an event that protesters likely arrived at via the 2/3 subway line. Maybe it was a sense that Forest City Ratner, however stalled in its plans for most of Atlantic Yards, is in the driver's seat, with most elected officials yet to challenge the developer. Maybe it's that demolitions promise increased blight around the Atlantic Yards footprint. Maybe it's just the accumulation of grievances.
But the protest organized by Develop Don't Destroy Brooklyn last night outside the museum was notably angry, with some 80 people gathering at one point, many chanting "Ratner is a liar" and "Shame on you" at vehicles coming to drop off their passengers. (More people arrived later, as others left, so total attendance probably topped 100.) Taking off from the museum's function, several people carried signs calling Ratner a "con artist."
Lawyer and urban planner Michael White, he of the lengthy open letter to the museum, wore a cape and recited quotes through the ages about "honor." (Sample: "Nobody can acquire honor by doing what is wrong."--Thomas Jefferson.)
A few protesters, including Green Party stalwart Gloria Mattera (left), wore evening dress.
(Here's the Brooklyn Paper's editorial justifying the protest and the contention by Sid Meyer that protesters went too far.)
A long night
The protest started at 6:30, when guests began arriving for the cocktail hour. Tables set in the museum's entry pavilion were joined by art from the museum's Murakami exhibition; projections on brick columns suggested the latticework of the Brooklyn Bridge.
As the night wore on and got colder, the crowd diminished somewhat but remained feisty. Because several still and video camerafolk had been filming, the protesters seemed unsurprised when a well-dressed man approached them and began snapping photos.
"Where are you from?" he was asked, the question implying an affiliation with news media.
"Brooklyn," he responded, and began a testy exchange. Closer inspection revealed he was wearing a laminated ID that said "Security." He continued to take pictures, then returned inside the museum with, likely, documentary evidence of Brooklyn residents never to appear on the museum's short list for the Augustus Graham Medal.
Though some people walking into the gala took protest flyers and others cordially ignored the protesters--heck, many were likely from Manhattan and points distant--not everyone bringing guests to the gala liked what they saw, as the photo shows.
Through the windows
Given the glass walls of the pavilion, speakers at the podium were visible, at least from the back.
The protest dissolved before the guest of honor spoke--he was to be introduced by Atlantic Yards architect Frank Gehry--but protesters did spot Borough President Marty Markowitz at the podium.
"Marty's Ratner's whore," some in the group shouted. That was soon amended to "Marty sucks" and then, more cordially and with more participation, "Marty sold out Brooklyn."
That almost surely was not the sentiment inside the museum. Perhaps not coincidentally, yesterday Crain's New York Business announced a "Business of Arts and Culture" breakfast April 30 on the topic "Dealing with controversy."
One of the three speakers will be Brooklyn Museum head Arnold Lehman, who famously clashed with Mayor Rudolph Giuliani over the "Sensation" show in 1999.
Now he has a fresher issue to discuss. After all, as one sign stated, "Elephant dung can be art. Eminent domain abuse can't." Another decried a "'Dung' Deal."


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LAFAYETTE, La. (AP) – James Gallman scored 14 points and Marcos Knight added 12 as Middle Tennessee defeated Louisiana-Lafayette 72-58 Thursday night in the Sun Belt Conference opener for both teams.
The Blue Raiders (5-1) led by as many as 11 points, 36-25, with 2:52 left in the first half, but the Ragin' Cajuns (2-5) cut their deficit to 38-32 at halftime.
A jumper by Shawn Long, who finished with 17 points and 13 rebounds, gave Louisiana-Lafayette a 48-47 lead with 11:20 remaining in the game, but Middle Tennessee then used a 14-1 run to seize control.
Bruce Massey's only basket of the game started the run, which included five points by Gallman and three turnovers by the Ragin' Cajuns.
Jason Jones scored 11 points and Tweety Knight 10 for Middle Tennessee.
Steven Wronkoski had 13 points for Louisiana-Lafayette, and Bryant Mbamalu and Elfrid Payton scored 11 each.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Awesome Art Based on Badass Movies, Video Games and TV
Patrick Brown has created this incredibly awesome art collection inspired by several different movies, video games and TV series. We've got art for Batman, Gears of War, Fallout, Bioshock, Dexter, Avatar, Predator, Assassins Creed, Spider-Man and a ton of other stuff. I hope you like what you see here! Check it all outy and tell us what you think!
Joey Paur — Co-Founder / Editor of GeekTyrant.com, and if you haven't noticed I write… a lot. Movies are my passion and I live and breathe all things geek. This site is part of my life's work, it's a part of me. I love what I do, and I enjoy sharing everything I can with you when it comes to movies and geekery. In my spare time I travel to the netherworlds to battle demons. @JoeyPaur | firstname.lastname@example.com
Featured Posts on GeekTyrant


text: Located in Norrahammar in the region of Jönköping county, 5 miles from Jönköping, STF Spånhults Herrgård Hostel features a barbecue and terrace. Free WiFi is available throughout the property and free private parking is available on site. Every room is fitted with a TV. The rooms are equipped with a private bathroom. Gränna is 25 miles from STF Spånhults Herrgård, and Ulricehamn is 27 miles from the property.


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The University of Maryland Children's Hospital is the first pediatric hospital on the East Coast to receive a certificate of distinction from the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) for its treatment of children with asthma. The designation shows that the Children's Hospital's pediatric asthma program meets rigorous standards for excellent care.
The Pediatric Asthma Program is within the division of pulmonology at the University of Maryland Children's Hospital. It offers full-services for the evaluation, management and education of asthma in the inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department settings. The program is lead by pediatric specialists who are committed to helping children control their asthma so that they can lead healthy, active lives.
Patient Conditions
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We recommend you return to the article list and browse the links from there. If the problem persists, contact us with the details.


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The Vikings have one of the worst secondaries in the NFL, and now two more starters could be out.
Of course, there's concern.
Cornerback Chris Cook did not practice Wednesday because of a hip strain, and safety Jamarca Sanford was out with a groin strain. Both players are in doubt for Sunday's game at Dallas. The Vikings already are without safety Harrison Smith, who is on injured reserve with a toe injury.
"With defensive backs, when you have muscle issues, it's always a concern," Vikings coach Leslie Frazier said. "So I'm hoping, because we need them … that they'll get through this."
Cook and Sanford were hurt during the first half of Sunday's 44-31 home loss to Green Bay and missed the second half. Sanford said Monday he doesn't know if he will be able to play against the Cowboys.
Rookie Xavier Rhodes could replace Cook, and Mistral Raymond could step in for Sanford. Rhodes didn't seem too worried, even if the Vikings are 26th in the NFL in pass defense, giving up 287.9 yards per game.
"With the injuries, it's the game of football," Rhodes said. "It's going to happen. It's all about the backups. They have to step up and play their part and play right and know what they have to do to get on the field."
Also sitting out Wednesday's practice were wide receiver Greg Jennings (knee), defensive tackle Fred Evans (knee) and running back Rhett Ellison (ankle). Running back Matt Asiata, who missed the Packers game because of a shoulder injury, was excused following the death Monday of his father, Pita Asiata, in a bus crash in Utah.
Follow Chris Tomasson at twitter.com/christomasson.


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BCREA May 8th report states that, nationally, Canadian housing starts rose 24 per cent in April and that the six-month trend is "more or less stable"
Meanwhile, in BC...
Closer to home, new home construction in BC urban centers dropped slightly (5%) from March, but up 9% compared to this time last year. The biggest growth was in single-detached home starts which rose a whopping 34% over last year.
By City...
Drilling down we find an interesting trend that may be good news for the Thompson/Okanagan region.
Isolating metropolitan areas and looking at stats over last years numbers:
- Vancouver total starts were down 2%. Broken down that's a 6% decrease in multiple units and a rise of 12% single-detached units.
- Victoria total starts fell 46%, with a steep decline in multiple units starts.
- Abbotsford-Mission were up considerably but only because of very weak construction levels in April 2013
In the Thompson/Okanagan region...
While April's stats are not available to the author for the Kamloops area, Kelowna reports solid growth, rising 13% due to a 27% rise in multiple starts.
Why Should You Care?
Single family housing starts are often a strong early indicator of the health of the overall economy. A vibrant housing market also increases confidence in the economy.
On a practical, boots-on-the-ground point of view, new homes being built creates thousands of jobs with spin off boosts in employment in every other area, from materials to build the home, to the employees enjoying increased disposable income.


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Slip into these colorful yet chic jelly flip flops whether heading to a tailgate or simply going to dinner with friends. With our Signature Striped Flip Flops you can show off your colors or just stylishly complete the Demon Deacon look.
- Interchangeable Wake Forest snap accessory (snap uniquely interchanges with our Signature Rainboots)
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Welcome to Aquinas High School Student Services
Mission Statement:
The mission of Aquinas Catholic Schools Counseling Program is to enable all students to acquire the academic, personal/social, and career standards necessary to function and contribute to the good of the Church and the world.
Comprehensive School Counseling Program:
Aquinas High School has developed a Comprehensive School Counseling Program that is used as an integral part of our educational mission. With a goal of enhancing student achievement, the program benefits:
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