text:
June 26, 2006
Japan PM Koizumi cements US ties
By Paul Eckert, Asia Correspondent
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro
Koizumi makes his final visit to the United States this week,
capping five years in which Tokyo boosted ties with Washington
but sowed discord with Japan's neighbors.
who will step down in September, comes as talk of a North
Korean long-range missile test underscore the security threats
that have bound the two allies together.
Koizumi took considerable political risks and challenged
taboos in Japan by sending ships to refuel U.S. coalition
vessels in Afghanistan and by sending troops to Iraq in Japan's
most dangerous overseas deployment since World War Two.
Under Koizumi, Tokyo has agreed to integrate military
operations with U.S. forces in Japan, hewed closely to American
positions in complicated nuclear negotiations with North Korea,
and echoed U.S. concerns about the security of Taiwan.
Japan began pulling out its 550 troops from the southern
Iraqi city of Samawa just days before Koizumi is to visit the
United States after a trip to Canada. But he will win kudos for
Japan's help and for reconstruction aid in Iraq.
"The U.S.-Japan alliance strengthened very much in the five
years under the friendship between President Bush and Prime
Minister Koizumi," said a Japanese official in Tokyo.
"Their chemistry is fabulous," said the official.
The two leaders, who will display that chemistry in a visit
to the Memphis, Tennessee home of music legend Elvis Presley,
will discuss Iraq, Iran, China and North Korea among other
issues, the official said, speaking on condition of anonymity.
While Koizumi and Bush see eye-to-eye on the U.S.-led war
on terrorism and big global issues, Japan's ties with China and
South Korea have been in a rough patch during Koizumi's tenure.
Amid animosity dating back to Japan's colonial annexation
of Korea in 1910 and invasion and occupation of large parts of
China between 1931 and 1945, Tokyo's ties with its neighbors
have plunged due to Koizumi's annual visits to Tokyo's Yasukuni
shrine, where some convicted World War Two war criminals are
honored along with Japan's millions of war dead.
The spats over history have caused the leaders of China and
Japan to shun Koizumi at Asian summits, harming efforts to
maintain a united front at nuclear talks with North Korea.
Some analysts also see risks to the United States in being
so close to a leader who has offended the historical
sensibilities of South Korea, a U.S. ally, and China, with
which Washington is trying to forge a constructive long-term
"There is a danger of seeming to be allied to some of the
most intransigent aspects of Koizumi's policy in relation to
history and Japan's neighbors," said Derek Mitchell, an analyst
at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in
The former Pentagon official says Washington needs to tell
Tokyo that the animosity hurts U.S. interests and that the
Japanese "need to think freshly and more strategically about
the connection between history and the future of the alliance."
U.S. Ambassador to Japan Thomas Schieffer said Bush
"recognizes that the Japanese are trying to figure out how to
honor their war dead without embracing the cause for which they
"The president takes the view that Japan and China have got
to reconcile their differences and it is not particularly
helpful for foreigners to tell them how to do it," he told


text:
Horse Travel Checklist
Before you go on that big trip, there are a few legal things you will need to know:
- In the United States, you must have a coggins test done before you can enter any publically available horse facility. Coggins tests are taken yearly by the vet and are only good for 1 year. This document will be requested at shows, trips and anywhere else you might take your horse. Some states also require a test for piroplasmosis. If you pass through the state and do not unload, you will not be required to have it. If you unload at all, be sure to have this document.
- If you leave the state with your horse, you will need a health certificate from your vet. These certificates are generally accepted for 30 days from the date of issue.
- If you travel to a state with documented piraplasmosis, you will also need to have a yearly piroplasmisis test. If you are traveling through the state and do not unload from the trailer,you may not need the test. If you unload in a piroplasmosis state, you will need to have documentation of that test. Contact your state's agricultural department for more information. Whatever you do, be sure to be informed about this before you travel.
- Be sure that there is drinkable water where you are going. If not, bring water from home for your horse. Also, bring your horse's own hay and grain. Horses can colic and in severe cases die from changing feed sources abruptly, so only change feed gradually.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Banquet & Catering Manager
Location: CA - BC - Vancouver
Job Details
Our ideal candidate will have a passion for food, coupled with the desire to learn and be part of a team. You understand the dynamics of Banquet and Catering Services and can drive sales and guest satisfaction. Successfully organized and creative weddings, business functions and special event banquet services are your passion!
- Overseeing all areas of the Banquet and Catering Department including but not limited to:
- Sales and full organization of banquet and catering events.
- Managing clients and customer service, including event quotes, and accounts management.
- Managing banquet staff.
- Working as a team with the restaurant General Manager and Culinary team.
- Ensuring facility maintenance and cleanliness as at all times.
- Any other duties as required to cater to the needs of your clients and provide optimal service in a prompt and friendly manner.
- Previous Banquet and event planning experience required.
- Able to work a flexible schedule with availability 7 days a week from 5am - 2am.
- Proficiency in MS Office suite an asset.
- Exceptional organizational skills.
- Ability to provide exceptional customer service
- Experience with sales and accounts management an asset.
(ref. 24625)
We are an Equal Opportunity Employer that considers applicants without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, disability or protected veteran status.
Additional Details
Applicants who do not already have legal permission to work in Canada will not be considered.
F&B - Banquets, F&B - Food & Beverage, F&B - Convention Services / Events


text:
Joseph Stiglitz: What's Going On In The World Economy, A Nobel Laureate's View
Columbia Professor Joseph Stiglitz is one of the most quoted economists in the world, though his views often run counter to prevailing trends. Currently he is most concerned about the income gap in American society. He maintains income inequality peaked before both the Great Depression and the Great Recession, because inequality caused demand to go down, which was offset by a manufactured bubble, which burst. Now, in the absence of both able consumers and a bubble, check out what he recommends. Check these links for additional fascinating material, as well as the discussion on his facebook page:


text:
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Sweeney Todd: Demon Barber of
Fleet Street [2007] [R] - 4.10.3
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donate or
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Unlike the MPAA we do not assign one inscrutable rating based on age, but 3 objective ratings for SEX/NUDITY, VIOLENCE/GORE and PROFANITY on a scale of 0 to 10, from lowest to highest, depending on quantity and context.
[more �]
� Critics.com
� Official Site
� IMDb Listing
Johnny Depp stars as the eponymous 19th century London barber, who returns to Fleet Street from jail, after being falsely accused and convicted by a lecherous judge (Alan Rickman). Obsessed with avenging himself, he sets up shop and uses his razors to dispatch his patrons, whose bodies his neighbor (Helena Bonham Carter) uses as the main ingredient for her meat pies. Also with Sacha Baron Cohen and Timothy Spall. Directed by Tim Burton. [1:57]
SEX/NUDITY 4 - A young woman appears to have had too much alcohol, a man approaches her and it is implied that he rapes her while many other people stand around watching (we hear her scream as he moves toward her and see the people looking on with delight).
► Women wear low-cut dresses that reveal deep cleavage in many scenes.
► A man kisses a woman. A woman kisses a man on the cheek.
► An older man announces that he plans to marry his young ward. Two men talk about pretty women in a few scenes. A woman tells a man that she has feelings for him and later that she loves him.
► A young man sees a young woman through a window and appears to be smitten. A man looks at a young woman and a song suggests the man lusts after her.
VIOLENCE/GORE 10 - A man stabs a man in the throat several times, blood spurts (we see small slits and blood), the man gasps and his throat is then slit (more blood sprays and spurts).
► A man opens a trunk from where a severely injured man is trying to get out, and then slits his throat slowly (blood spurts and sprays, the man gurgles and collapses back into he trunk).
► A man slits the throats of many men in many scenes, slowly pulling the blade from ear to ear, and blood spurts and sprays; then the chair they are in is tipped backward, a hatch in the floor opens and they fall through to the floor below (we see them strike the floor with their necks bending or their head cracking on the ground and we hear a crunch and more blood spurts).
► A man slashes a woman's throat (we see the slit and blood pours out of the wound) and she falls through a hatch in the floor to the ground below.
► A woman is pushed into a large oven, she screams and thrashes, and we see her engulfed in flames (her hair is burned away and we see her flesh begin to burn).
► A man's throat is slashed, blood pours from the wound, it spills onto the face of a dead woman and pools on the floor.
► A mortally wounded man grabs the skirt of a woman, she screams, "Just die" and he falls back dead.
► A man beats another man on the head repeatedly with a pitcher, and the man falls to the floor and blood pools under him.
► A boy sees a pile of human skeletons (covered with blood) on the floor and human body parts in a grinder (he pulls out a hand and we see teeth). A boy sees a dead body fall through a hatch in the ceiling, and it crashes to the floor striking its head and splattering blood (we hear a crunch). We see a dead woman with a bloody slit in her throat several times. A man covered with blood from a messy murder hears something in a trunk, opens it and finds someone hiding inside; he pulls her out and threatens to cut her throat. A boy eating a meat pie pulls a human finger out of his mouth.
► A young woman appears to have had too much alcohol, a man approaches her and it is implied that he rapes her while many other people stand around watching (we hear her scream as he moves toward her and see the people looking on with delight).
► A young man is thrown onto a street by a man who then strikes him in the head and then twice on the back with a stick (we see the young man with a bloody nose and mouth) and then throws a knapsack that hits him in the head.
► We see a hand sticking out from a large trunk, a boy sits on the trunk, a finger twitches and a man is nervous that the boy will notice there's a man inside the trunk.
► A man is struck hard on the head by police with nightsticks, he stumbles back and is dragged away by two officers as his wife and infant child look on in fear. A young man with a gun threatens a man.
► We see many people locked in dark cells in an asylum and a man who walks into a cell with many women in it is attacked by them (they move toward him in a crowd, he cowers against the wall and screams and the scene ends).
► We see meat being ground and extruded in strands (we hear crunching and slurping and see blood pour on the floor and into the sewer). Thick clouds and rain drops of blood accompany the opening credits (blood seeps and pours and collects), and dark red strings of ground meat are pushed out of a meat grinder, and pies are baked and ooze red liquid.
► A man holds a straight razor to a woman's throat. A man threatens a young woman and another man moves toward her with violent intent (we hear her scream and see her being forced into a carriage).
► A man threatens and blackmails a man. A judge sentences a young boy (he's 8-10 years old) to death by hanging because of repeated offenses. A man yells at a woman to leave in several scenes. A man yells at a young man and a boy in a few scenes.
► We hear that a woman poisoned herself with arsenic. A boy tells a woman that there are demons all around them and that he will protect her. A man and a woman talk about making meat pies by using humans for the meat. A man talks about his straight razors being his friends and that they will help him find his revenge. A woman talks about another woman making pies using cat flesh. A boy talks about having spent time in the workhouse, where the conditions were brutal. A man talks about the cruelty of mankind. A man and a woman talk about men from different stations in life and how they might "taste" if made into a pie.
► A man takes a bite from a pie, spits it out and gags, he looks down and sees a bug crawling out. Bugs run around on a filthy counter top where a woman makes meat pies, in a few scenes. A man has blood on his hands and shirtsleeves in several scenes. Rats skitter around on dark streets where a man walks, and a man and a woman search for a boy in a sewer where rats scamper at their feet.
► A woman opens a trunk and is alarmed to find a dead body (we don't see the body, just her reaction). A man shaves a man's face and neck and makes gestures as if he is going to slit his throat (we hear the blade scraping on his skin but he is not cut). A man seems fearful and says he "feels ghosts all around him."
► People throughout the movie appear dirty and unkempt, and one woman who appears to live on the street has sores around her mouth and on her face.
PROFANITY 3 - 4 scatological terms, 4 mild obscenities. [profanity glossary]
SUBSTANCE USE - We see several men sitting in stupor, and there's smoke in the air, in what could be an opium den. A boy drinks alcohol in several scenes and in one scene he drinks enough to pass out on the floor, a man drinks alcohol, people drink ale in a restaurant in a few scenes, and people dance and drink alcohol at a party. A man snorts snuff and sneezes.
DISCUSSION TOPICS - Love, beauty, lechery, false accusations, blackmail, murder, betrayal, sins, desperation, revenge, mischief, heartbreak, forced labor, hard times, survival, shaving.
MESSAGE - Revenge is not always the answer to pain. 19th century London was an awful place.
Special Keywords: S4 - V10 - P3 - MPAAR
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text:
3D Cube Deluxe - 0.99 USD
by Lu Bin, Version: 2.0.1 , 122 KB Official Site
Package name: com.mobsw.cube3d , Last Update: 2012-03-24 10:37:07
3 ratings (4.333 average)
100-500 downloads
What's new in this version (2.0.1):
new sticker changed.
3D Cube Deluxe offers new exciting touch experience -- one selected layer of cube can rotate with your finger touching on screen simultaneously.
You can touch screen and trackball to rotate the cube smoothly. The game will save the current rotation state automatically whenever you pause game or interrupted by other events of mobile.
The game also offers the following features (use MENU key):
1. Two kind of stickers selection
2. Use lighting effect
3. Use translucent background
4. Change size of cube
5. Save your fastest records
6. Support portrait or landscape screen mode automatically
*Notes A: the game may perform a valid check during launching, you may need to check networking state of phone in case valid check is always failed.
*Notes B: the game does not contain any embedded advertisement.


text:
Sunday, 03 January 2016 16:08
Welcome to the Sylenth1 Patch
This preset pack allows you to browse the presets within Sylenth1 directly from your Push 1/2 controller or the Live library. Each preset is mapped with most of the common controls you will need as logically as possible. Additionally, each preset rack contains a pre-loaded EQ8 with macro controls and Glue compressor (in an off state) ready for tuning your sound.


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- No bags or backpacks larger than 8 x 8 x 8 inches in its natural state
- No reentry
- No outside food and/or beverages
- No containers and/or coolers
- No pets (other than service animals)
- No bicycles
- No weapons (regardless of permit, including but not limited to firearms or knives)
- No umbrellas
- No fireworks
- No contraband
Smoking is prohibited on Highmark Stadium property.
Any other items deemed unlawful or dangerous may be prohibited at the discretion of Highmark Stadium staff and security personnel.
Parents with small children are permitted to bring strollers and diaper bags. These items are subject to reasonable inspection before entering and/or at any time during the event.


text:
Bill O'Reilly has seen fit to note that actor Jamie Foxx was wearing a Trayvon Martin T-shirt at Sunday night's BET Awards. No big deal, right? In the universe of O'Reilly, it is. He called the fashion choice "racism on display."
Let him explain this one. Here's the transcript:
O'REILLY: Thanks for staying with us. I'm Bill O'Reilly. In the "Unresolved Problems" segment tonight, racism on display. Actor Jamie Foxx wore a Trayvon Martin T-shirt at the Black Entertainment Awards a couple of days ago.
Of course, Mr. Foxx has no idea what happened on the night Mr. Martin was killed in Florida. Nevertheless, he's extending his support in a very public way.
Now, the key question is this, if a white actor had worn a George Zimmerman T-shirt, would that have been acceptable?
Apparently O'Reilly felt it wouldn't have been. Commentator Monica Crowley appeared to agree.
CROWLEY: But if a white actor went out with a T-shirt, like you said, with Zimmerman's face on it or a quote that says, "I believe George," his or her career would be destroyed.
It would be destroyed on the spot because they would say that person is a racist. That person is siding with the white Hispanic defendant.
O'REILLY: But Jamie Foxx is not a racist.
CROWLEY: Jamie — that's the perception. I totally agree with you. It's a double standard. It's unfair and it's grotesque. But that's where we are.
The reason why O'Reilly's little game of "what if" doesn't particularly work here is clear to anyone who's been watching the Trayvon Martin trial. Or even to anyone who has the slightest familiarity with the case:
Trayvon Martin is dead.
George Zimmerman is alive.
Why would any white actor wear a memorial T-shirt commemorating George Zimmerman, who is alive?
Perhaps O'Reilly would benefit from this August 2003 Slate article on memorial T-shirts. In the '90s, writes Jenn Shreve, these items "grew popular among urban minorities, especially teenagers." They're commonly worn by folks to remember "someone whose life has come to a premature and violent end." That describes Trayvon Martin to a "T."
A coda: O'Reilly in another segment of his program stated, "The American media is especially guilty of injecting race into the trial. We all know who's doing that, and it's disgraceful."


text:
Perfect for social media campaigns and blogs. Web photos (up to .5 MP). 1 Seat.
Learn More
Build a high res library or promote your brand. Up to Large (2.5-4.5 MP). 5 Seats.
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Get more high res photos and more. Up to Large (2.5-4.5 MP). 25 Seats.
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black, rails, waterside, lighthouse, steps, white, red, descending, slope, barrier, rail, beacon, railing, crimson, path, tower, bank
black, red and white steps descending to lighthouse and water: side rails


text:
The Oxford Health Alliance makes every possible effort to ensure that the information published on its website is accurate and up to date, but does not accept any responsibility for errors or omissions and reserves the right to make amendments at any time and without prior notice.
The Oxford Health Alliance does not accept any responsibility for any loss or damage suffered by you (directly or indirectly) by making use of the information on its website.
The Oxford Health Alliance provides hypertext links to third-party websites for the convenience of users. By linking to these websites the Oxford Health Alliance in no way endorses the contents, views or information held on such sites.
The Oxford Health Alliance is not responsible for any loss, additional costs or damage howsoever arising, suffered as a result of using the hyperlinks provided to third party websites.
Privacy policy
Under the Data Protection Act, we have a legal duty to protect any information we collect from you. We do not pass on your details to any third party unless you give us permission to do so.
We analyse log file information from all our visitors and use it to make changes to the layout of the site and to the information in it, based on the way that visitors move around it. Log files do not contain any personal information and they are not used to identify any individual patterns of use of the site.
This privacy statement only covers Oxford Health Alliance website at www.oxha.org. This statement does not cover links within this site to other websites.
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These terms and conditions for website use shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of England and Wales. Any dispute arising under these terms and conditions shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England and Wales.


text:
|Episode Description
|Monday, Mar 31, 2014 - 9:00 PM
The only state-sponsored rock festival in U.S. history occurred in 1970 at an Oregon state park, was free and included the freedom to wander about in little or no clothing and partake of illegal substances. The event was staged to lure young people away from planned - and potentially violent - anti-war protests in Portland. G
|More on PLUS (MT)
|No upcoming shows in database


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ProWrestling.net is reporting the December 12th episode of WWE Main Event may be moved from its usual 8pm EST slot for the "12.12.12." benefit concert. The concert, taking place at Madison Square Garden in New York City, is scheduled for the same day and time and it will benefit Hurricane Sandy relief efforts.
The report also mentions that an episode of Smackdown was to be pre-empted last month for another Hurricane Sandy benefit concert (Hurricane Sandy: Coming Together), but the rescheduling never happened. Smackdown aired at it's normal time and the concert was delayed on SyFy, but the concert aired uninterrupted at its regular scheduled time on the other NBC Universal networks.
Have a news tip? Attended an event and want to send a live report?


text:
Waterfall Relax Sound - FREE
by Moz, Version: 1.0 , 6318 KB Official Site
Package name: com.mozinc.waterfall , Last Update: 2013-02-01 20:56:57
147 ratings (3.605 average)
50,000-250,000 downloads
What's new in this version (1.0):
Supports External SD. Does it automatically for you during installation.
You can collect all our app sounds and store it on your external memory instead of your limited phone internal memory.
Supports External SD
Headphone Required/Recommended!
*To start sound set the arrow timer-
Absolutely Relaxing!
Do feel stressed? Overworked? Not Satisfied with life? Wish you can relax? Want to Sleep Better?
or just Tired? Then take a nice escape and leave all the pains behind!
-The best naturally relaxing sound!
-Truly miraculous relaxation that will keep you feeling rejuvenated once more.
-Close your eyes, put on a headphone , touch this application, put the device to sleep, and let your relaxation be at ease.
-Absolute pure relaxation from authentic sounds, not artificial but real sounds.
-These sounds do not loop back and forth, it's 100% real.
"Mental disorders is a common form of illness worldwide. According to American commission on mental health, 1 in 7 people would sometime in their lives experience mental disorder. Mental disorders consist of major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive compulsive disorder.
* Depression is a major disorder in which without treatment, can ruin careers, hobbies, moral judgment, and relationships or even life threatening self infliction. Depress people find difficulty concentrating or make proper decisions.
* Anyone can become depressed, therefore the safest known alternative treatment are medications which eventually leads to addiction on pills after pills and can lead to financial difficulties further down the road."
-Relax state of mind is considered to be the most part of mental healthiness and well being. Relaxation is a natural treatment to stress, known as a factor to the development of disease.
-Relaxation will slower your heart rate
-It will lower your blood pressure
-Reduce rate of breathing therefore requiring less oxygen
- Sleep better at night
-Promote immunity, less illness
-Increased concentration skill
-Less muscle tension or migraine
Use this app while you sleep, read, study, work, or exercise! Doctor's #1 recommendation for mental illness treatment!
Last comments from Android Market
lesa (*****)
I love this app! Just set your timer and click on start, you can fall asleep to the natural water sound, sooooooo relaxing :)
Nicole (*)
this app doesn't do anything!
Yasmeen (*)
Sucks I do not like it it is crappy
stepha (*)
It doesn't even work. A piece of crap
ione (***)
What happend to the TIMER?? pls update... :)
DaNae (*)
Doesn't do anything on droidx
gerina (****)
Would be 5 stars if it had a timer on it with all the sounds in 1 app instead of 7 different apps.
Jill (*****)
My son was wired and did not want to sleep, I played this for him & he was out in 2.5
Natalia (*****)
Nice app but it would be better if it had a timer like the rain app
Taylor (**)
Its okay but i think its stupid dev has 7 diff apps for sounds Make one app with all the sounds and ill rate better


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I have a 1980 fj 40 with original 2f engine with a weber carb i use 36 jets in Kansas and 32 in Colorado. I would like to change the timing to see if i can get a little more power i have 33x10.5x15 tires. In Kansas highway speed of 60 to 65 is no problem. When we go get up in the Dillon and Frisco area 45 is about top speed. Any ideas on where timing should be.
Thanks Jeff
Optimum static timing will vary greatly from one rig to another. Among the many factors affecting optimum static timing are compression, octane, valve adjustment and timing, carb jetting, centrifugal advance and vacuum advance/retard, smog versus desmog versus partial desmog, and others.
In general, higher elevation requires more advance. Even at sea level, the stock 7° BTDC is retarded from optimum power and mileage in order to get best emissions.
I can do 75MPH no problem on I-70 between the passes up there in a stocker. I can even stay around 45 or so going up the passes.
I am currently running about 13° on my 71 (with stock F) and about 9° in my non-USA stock 1978 (the centrifugal advance seems to be higher in that distributor). My 76 runs best at around 12°, but that was fully smogged with the original vacuum retard distributor. I haven't run it yet with the non-USA vacuum advance distributor I installed.
Here's my 25-year-proven method to best power and mileage:
First make sure everything else is in good order. Carb is jetted properly, reasonably clean (BG 44K is GREAT stuff!), no vacuum leaks, smog equipment is operating properly, valves adjusted, air cleaner is clean, etc.
Next set idle mixture and idle speed to optimal, then adjust static timing while idling (any vacuum hoses to dist are disconnected) to best RPM, readjust idle speed as needed.
The reconnect any vacuum to dist, go up biggest high speed paved hill you can find and note terminal speed. Go back down, listen for backfiring, note throttle crispness, general performance. At bottom, advance about 2° and repeat. Keep playing with it until you get best terminal speed up hill with little to no knocking, no backfiring downhill and best throttle response. Once you're there, tighten down the dist and enjoy 16 MPG and best performance. Happy cruisin'!
I doubt a 1980 LC has a vac retard distributor, but if so, remove and plug the 'retard' line. Put a slotted dummy cap over the dist port to keep mud wasps, dirt, etc. out of the hole.
If you have the later dist. with two ports (one for the main vac advance and one for the little extra bit of advance), be sure they're on correctly. Use a vacuum gauge and rev the engine to check that both ports are getting the correct vacuum. Put a hose on the dist. adv. port and suck on it to be sure the diaphrams aren't ruptured.
Your jetting may be too rich at higher elevations, but that is a separate issue from the vac advance setting. Many old FJs won't exactly go 65 around Dillon, so join the club in the slow lane. Blow the doors off an old VW Bus if you need to feel the power you have! ;-).
A stock, USA-spec 1980 "should" have a dual vacuum advance distributor. I have seen so much over the years and continue to (such as factory white spokers!!!) that I will preface my posts with "AFAIK" regarding what year came with what, more often than not.
As Steve wrote, it "should" have the fully electronic dual vacuum advance, with main plus a little extra advance. In any case, set the static advance where it runs best under dynamic conditions.
Hmmm....so not to hijack the thread but say a person bought a 40 from CA that came with a weber carb, and brought it to CO, should said person consider changing out the jets and tweaking the timing? Keeping in mind that said owner currently knows squat about carbs, what jets are in said carb right now, and little to nothing about timing. Oh, and that the furthest said owner has driven the 40 is to RMC and back :hill:
A real redneck can just smell the exhaust on a pre-emission vehicle and know whether it's running rich. Look for black smoke, sooty tailpipe, sooty plugs, and a raw smell to the exhaust.
My attempt at rejetting a '76 FJ55 carb was disasterous - I used one-size bigger jets and it ran very rich and crappy and was undriveable. I know even less about rejetting a Weber carb. My '78 FJ has stock, sea-level jets and only gets rich and boggy around 12-14K feet of elevation, where I too-rarely tread with it.
Anyone doing all this would ideally have access to a factory emission manual, a timing light, a vacuum gauge, and ideally, a CO/emission tester.
I would work on timing first, and then worry about rejetting. A sea-level setup on a good carb will run ok at 5000' (Denver) and you'd rather be too rich than too lean (from a valve life standpoint). Get the timing right, drive it some, talk to others, and only then worry about rejetting.
Thanks Steve :thumb:
Weber carbs are fun to jet. Like motorcycle carbs. Very precise. Put one on a Chevy LUV once with an Offy intake manifold and had a great time with it. But I am a minitruck redneck so I'll go away now...
Timing on a 73 FJ40 with no smog
Hello. I just had to replace my distributor on my FJ. I had a late model distributor and ignition coil. I switch everything to the same year. (73 distributor and ignition coil now). It misfires every once and while and will bog down. I have no smog stuff on the engine. Right now I have a vacuum from the manifold going directly to the distributor. Is this correct or do I even need the vacuum line for the distributor?
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.With free agency and the draft in the rearview mirror and training camp just a couple of months away, we assess the New England Patriots' offseason moves.
Best move: Adapting to sudden change and landing cornerback Darrelle Revis when Denver swooped in at the last moment and signed Aqib Talib to a big-money deal the Patriots weren't comfortable matching in part because of the injury risk. Even Talib himself previously acknowledged that there is Revis, and then there is everyone else at the position. When free agency began, the Patriots would have been happy to retain Talib, but things changed quickly and it appears the team came out better in the end.
Riskiest move: Selecting Florida defensive lineman Dominique Easley in the first round (29th overall). No one is denying that Easley is a big-time talent, but he is coming off bilateral ACLs -- a torn ACL in each knee -- over a span of 22 months. One line of thinking is that some players are now coming back stronger after ACL tears. The other line of thinking is that it's risky to pick an undersized defensive lineman with those recent injuries moving up to the NFL to play against bigger blockers, because he might not be the same type of player he once was. From this view, it's the riskiest first-round pick of Bill Belichick's 15 years with the team. Easley has been described by some as the classic "boom or bust" prospect.
Most surprising move: The first public acknowledgement from Belichick that the team is considering contingency plans at quarterback. With Tom Brady set to turn 37 and signed through 2017, and backup Ryan Mallett entering the final year of his contract, the expectation was that the Patriots would draft a quarterback in 2014. So, in that sense, picking Jimmy Garoppolo in the late second round (62nd overall) wasn't a surprise. It's smart business. We just weren't expecting Belichick to be so open about the team's mindset.
Looking ahead: While the bulk of free agency is completed, tight end and linebacker are two spots that could potentially use a boost. The club previously hosted veterans Dustin Keller (tight end) and James Anderson (linebacker) and they could be candidates to be signed after June 1, when they wouldn't count against the compensatory draft pick formula.


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Anyone who likes high-fashion can probably appreciate the Gucci iPhone & iPad Cases that will elevate the class factor on their Apple products.
The Gucci iPhone & iPad Cases are the latest high-end luxury items designed specifically for Apple gadgets. As you can see, the brand doesn't hold back on its design by incorporating a simple, but gorgeous pattern on the accessories. If you look closely, you'll see that the embedded design features Gucci's interlocking G logo as its focal visual. Combine that with the use of high-quality leather and you've got the classiest cover that evokes elegance and luxury -- not a bad look if you want to show off your suave personality.
The Gucci iPhone & iPad Cases will be available in a variety of colors including blue, red, black and pink.
High-Fashion Tablet Sheaths
More Stats +/-
Smartphone Mesh Covers
Light Translucent Mobile Skins
Biblical Phone Covers
Pop Art Techcessories (UPDATE)
Smartphone-Only Satchels
The Gucci iPhone & iPad Cases Add Elegance to Gadgets
- By: Matt HoAug 5, 2011
References: gucci & openers.jp
References: gucci & openers.jp


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Fannie Lou Hamer, a powerful speaker and community activist, addressed the NAACP on May 7, 1971 in New York City. She ended her speech by telling a poignant story with a moral lesson and universal appeal. The story makes an appeal to take and accept responsibility.
…. "This old man was very wise, and he could answer questions that [were] almost impossible for people to answer. So [two youngsters plotted saying], 'We're going to trick this guy today. We're going to catch a bird, and we're going to carry it to this old man' [and have him tell us whether the bird in our hands is alive or dead.] 'If he says Dead, we're going to turn it loose and let it fly. But if he says, Alive, we're going to crush it.' So they walked up to this old man, and they said, 'This that we hold in our hands today, is it alive or is it dead?' He looked at the young people and he smiled. And he said, "It's in your hands."
Students will soon receive test scores and grade reports. They will know whether or not they have been retained in the same class/grade or promoted. Prospective graduates will know whether or not they will march and participate in commencement exercises. Their study habits are in their hands.
While students are tested, non-students are not exempt from tests..
Everyone is tested on the decisions they make. Our choices and the results of our decisions are in our hands.
When individuals abdicate, they make the decision to give away their power. They remain responsible for the results. They are responsible for their apathy. Eligible voters who do not vote are demonstrating a lack of interest in exercising their power and the right to vote.
Eligible voters in the city of Hardeeville who will not give away their power will vote May 8 in the city's election. Likewise, all eligible voters in South Carolina who will not abdicate will vote June 12 for county, state, and national candidates.
Both the Democratic and the Republican primaries will be held June 12. It's in our hands.


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About Janet Mandell
Janet Mandell
Hi! My name is Janet. I am a Chicago-based fashion and lifestyle blogger, and founder of luxury diaper bag line, Mia Bossi. Fashion has always been a big part of my life, which is why I started Fashionaholic in 2012. I wanted to share my passion of design, beauty, and trends. I would describe my personal style is edgy and high-fashion. I strive to create versatile outfits that can be worn all year round and to any occasion. I have collaborated with brands such as Barneys New York, Tom Ford, Alice and Olivia, Open Table, Uniqlo, and more. I love discovering new lines, emerging trends, and unique brands that continue to push the limit on fashion.


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Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia
Print version ISSN 0034-7094
Rev. Bras. Anestesiol. vol.60 no.2 Campinas Mar./Apr. 2010
Informed consent: the understanding of lawyers and courts*
Adriano Marteleto GodinhoI; Lívia Hallack LanziottiII; Bruno Salome de Morais, TSA, M.DIII
IMestre em Direito Civil pela UFMG; Doutorando em Ciências Jurídicas pela Faculdade de Lisboa; Advogado e Professor de Direito
IIFonoaudióloga Pós-Graduada em Voz pelo CEV/SP; Graduanda em Direito
IIIAnestesiologista do Hospital Lifecenter e do Grupo de Transplante do HC/ UFMG
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: An increase in malpractice lawsuits has been seen in Brazil over the past several years, mainly due to higher awareness of the population regarding the quality of the medical care provided. According to the 1988 Brazilian Constitution and Consumers' Defense Code, physicians cannot subject patients to any treatment or surgical procedure without proper consent. The objective of this article was to provide medical professionals the legal understanding on informed consent.
CONSENTS: This report focuses on the history, concepts, and fundaments of the informed consent, and validity requirements such as: capacity, voluntariness, and understanding by the patient, and providing relevant information, as well as the circumstances in which the informed consent is not necessary.
CONCLUSIONS: Signing an informed consent is a statement, by the patient, that he/she is aware of the nature of the medical intervention and corresponding risks, and he/she freely accepts those conditions and risks. With this article, we hope the medical community will be more aware of the legal aspects involving the matter to avoid misunderstandings that commonly transfer the sacred physician-patient relationship from medical offices and hospitals to the courts.
Keywords: MEDICAL ETHICS: informed consent.
Informing patients on the diagnosis, treatment, or therapeutic procedure necessary and how they should be presented so patients can understand are major sources of concern in the medical community. With proper information, the patient has the autonomy to decide whether he/she should accept or not the treatment offered. Thus, the objective of the physician is not only the fulfillment of the moral obligation to inform the patient everything that is happening to him/her, but also to free him/herself from civil responsibility in case of treatment failure if he/she is not responsible for such. An increase in malpractice lawsuits has been seen in Brazil over the last several years. The numbers show a growing awareness of the population in search of quality of acre.
After the advent of the 1988 Constitution 1 and Consumers' Defense Code 2 (Law #8,078 of 1990), physicians were no longer allowed to subject patients to treatments or surgical procedures without prior consent.
One of the first cases known of a lawsuit between patient and physician dates back to 1767, in England. Two physicians, Dr. Baker and Dr. Stapleton, without prior consent from their patient, Mr. Slater, removed a bony callus from his leg, after he recovered from a fracture, due to imperfect consolidation 3. This procedure caused another fracture in the affected bone. Disillusioned with the physicians, the patient sued them on the grounds of lack of expertise and imprudence during the procedure, as well as not informing him on the consequences of that treatment. He also stated that, during the procedure, he asked the physicians to interrupt it complaining about their conduct. The English court decided against the physicians, indicating in the sentence that they broke the contract governing the physician-patient relationship.
Despite of this report, the expression "Informed Consent" (IC) appeared at the end of the XX Century, with very few information on this practice before the 1960s 4.
The fundaments of the IC are implicit in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 5 (1948), which can be seen in Articles 1 - "all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood"; 3 - "everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person"; and 5 - "No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment". The Nuremberg Code 6 (1947) mentions "voluntary consent". The Declaration of Helsinki 7 (1964) consecrated the expression "informed consent.
Therefore, the expression "informed consent" was adopted worldwide. It is widely accepted that the patient is responsible for deciding, based on information given by the medical team, whether he/she intends to undergo the proposed treatment or not. Thus, some important aspects on this subject should be cleared, which can contribute to decrease the constant lawsuits against physicians secondary to the lack of knowledge on the requirements that validate legally the Informed Consent (IC). Besides the requirements necessary for the validity of the IC, other aspects, such as the level of the information given to the patient and the situations in which it is not necessary, will also be discussed, keeping in mind that this discussion only refers to medical interventions performed when the individual is alive and, therefore, does not includes the post morten disposition of the body or organs.
Informed Consent: concept and fundaments
Among the most elementary legal principles, self-determination, especially relating to "private autonomy", which gives individuals the right to choose whether to undertake or not specific actions of civilian life, is paramount, i.e., such autonomy consists on the possibility that individuals are allowed to make free and conscious decisions about themselves and their possessions 8. Therefore, this doctrine is a corollary for the freedom of individuals to command their interests according to their desires. Thus, it can be said that, in the physician-patient relationship, the patient should decide whether to accept or refuse any treatment or medical intervention, based on the information given to him/her about the risks and the procedures proposed. The IC is mandatory, and it should be written to define, in details, the responsibility of probable failures, and should be used regardless of the extension of the intervention.
Although Brazilian law does not mention the "informed consent", the notion that the patient is free to decide whether or not to accept any medical treatment or intervention has been consecrated. Legislative and statutory precedents confirm this statement: here we should mention Article15 of the Civil Code 9, which establishes that no one can be intimidated to undergo, at the risk of their own lives, any medical treatment or surgical intervention; The Consumers' Defense Code 2 also indicates the need of proper information, especially in its Article 14, which states that those providing a service are responsible for not given enough and adequate information; Finally, the roots of the IC can be found in the Resolutions of the Federal Medical board (# 1,081/82, 1,358/92, and 1,890/09), of the National Health Council ((# 196/96), and the Medical Ethics Code, especially in Articles 46 (forbids any medical procedure without prior consent, except in cases of imminent danger to one's life), 56 (forbids the physician, except in case of imminent risk to one's life, to disrespect the right of the patient to freely decide whether or not to accept diagnostic or therapeutic procedure), and 59 (the physician has the obligation to inform the patient the diagnosis, prognosis, and the risks and objectives of the treatment, except in cases when direct communication with the patient can be harmful, in which case the information should be given to the legal guardian). Legally, the IC is also a consequence of the good-faith that should guide every contractual relationship, including that between physicians and patients, imposing to both of them, especially the former, and obligation to give the other part, with transparency and loyalty, all relevant information.
Since it is not legally foreseen in Brazil, its concept becomes that of an interpreter. However, it is possible to obtain from Law # 3/2001 of the Autonomous Community of Galicia, Spain, an encompassing concept of informed consent, which would be the expressed acceptance of the patient, in writing, in face of the adequate information received, of the diagnostic or therapeutic procedure proposed that affects him/her and that carries with it important, well-known, or considerable risks. The law itself goes on to say that the informed consent is both a right, of the patient, and an obligation, of the physician.
The IC represents an authorization for an intrusion on the physical integrity of the patient, which revokes any illegalities in the behavior of the physician, unless it characterizes ill professional conduct, in face of investigating guilt. However, it should be considered that the patient is the weak figure in the relationship with the patient, precisely for ignoring the technical aspects of medicine. Since the IC is an expression of the will of the patient, it is required that he should be completely aware of the nature of the proposed procedures and inherent risks to, if this is the case, authorize said procedure. This is done by signing the Informed Consent, which should contain, in a language accessible to the patient, the information required to help the individual make a decision. By signing the IC, the patient declares to be aware of its contents and assumes, of his/her own free will, the risks indicated.
Requirements for the validity of the Informed Consent
To proclaim the validity of the IC, the following requirements should be fullfiled:
a) capacity of the patient: According to Article 5th of the Civil Code, capacity is achieved at 18 years of age or by emancipation in the cases described by the same article. However, occasionally the age factor is not enough to assess the capacity and other parameters, according to the notion of discernibleness of the agent, should be considered. For this reason, Articles 3rd and 4th of the Civil Code node only contemplate the protection of under aged individuals, but also qualify as incapable individuals with mental infirmities or deficiencies, and those addicted to alcohol or other drugs, even foreseeing the hypothesis of temporary incapacity, such as that of patients in coma or in a state of shock. Regarding specifically medical relationships, the list of incapable individuals described in the above mentioned articles only does not contemplates the spendthrifts, since their condition of being wasteful only prevents them from making decisions regarding patrimonial matters, which is not the case of when the life, health, or physical integrity of the patient is at stake. Therefore, for all others, their legal guardians, i.e., parents, tutors, curators, should give consent. Observe that, in case of incapable individuals older than 18 years, the wife or husband (or partner, in case of common law marriage) will be the legal guardian, unless they are judicially separated or divorced, according to Article 1,775 of the Civil Code. When those individuals are not available, parents or descendents will be responsible for the decisions.
A last aspect regarding incapacity should be mentioned: "capacity to give consent". The thesis that the consent of a legal representative should only be accepted when the incapable individual is not intellectually or psychologically capable to comprehend the extension and severity of the case is increasingly more prevalent 10. One should take into consideration that if an objective analysis of the norms of the Civil Code on capacity and incapacity seem enough to validate patrimonially-related actions, they do not provide a clear answer regarding the possibility of making medical decisions because they do not fulfill the "variation of intellectual, emotional, and volitional capacities of underage individuals and psychiatric patients nowadays" 10. Therefore, one should appeal to the notion of discernment of patients regarding the "capacity to make a rational decision on the risks and sacrifices of their legal patrimony" 11. When thinking on the protection of a legal patrimony, such as life, health, and physical integrity, the owner of those rights has the legal right of making a choice and, in cases of discrepancy between the will of the incapable individual and his/her legal representatives, it is up to the Legal System to resolve the controversy.
b) voluntariness: it is not enough to merely assess the capacity or judgment of the patient; it also fundamental to determine whether the individual gives consent freely and spontaneously, i.e., without deception or coercion; otherwise, the consent or statement will be flawed if it results from deceit, ignorance, or false allegations made with the sole purpose of deceiving the patient, as well as in the cases in which the patient gives consent due to physical or psychological intimidation. For all those cases, Article 171 of the Civil Code indicates the act is not valid, which makes the physician responsible.
c) understanding: one cannot deny that the patient is not in a favorable position in relationships with physicians, since he/ she is a lay person. Here, the notion of hypo sufficiency of the Consumers' Defense Code, whose Article 6th paragraph III states that the information given to the consumer should not only be adequate and clear, but also specify the risks of said service, prevails.
One can only speak about deliberate will when the patient has clear understanding of the terms of the IC, which should be as transparent as possible. Thus, one of the requirements for the validity of the IC, according to Resolution 196/96 of the National Health Council, is that it its language should be accessible, clear, and non-biased, therefore preventing the patient to undergo any treatment without satisfactory explanations of all the risks he/she will be taking.
The vocabulary used in the IC, characteristic of the medical field, often needs to be explained to the patient for proper understanding. The structure of the text is also important. Long words, phrases, or paragraphs hinder understanding of the ideas presented. Besides, the information given to the patient regarding his/her disease should be explained in a simple, comprehensive manner, and the use of abbreviations and scientific terminology whose meaning is not explained is not allowed.
A recent study 12 showed that individuals higher schooling, frequent readers, with easy access to the Internet, and better salaries have better understanding of the IC. It also showed low rate of understanding of the word consent, even when clear, easy to understand language was used, and this understanding was not age- or gender-related. Therefore, the IC should be written and presented in a way that allows the highest degree of understanding possible for anyone, even the individual most distant from this reality has. The text should be adequate to the intellectual level of the population it is aimed at; in Brazil, it should be aimed at those with elementary education 12. The physician should seek and effective interaction with patients, observing the conditions and limitations of each one, explaining every aspect of the IC, so it can be a source of insurance for everyone.
d) giving relevant information: the reach of the IC is its most delicate aspect. In the United States, it has been shown that physicians have been "hyperinforming" their patients with the sole objective of preventing possible responsibility, which negates the intention and real function of the informed consent in the physician-patient relationship. Taking the notion of the IC to extremes is undesirable, since any useless or exaggerated information can contribute to deform the opinion of the patient.
Thus, within the scope of informing, the following should be present: name and last name of the patient and physician; name of the procedure; explanation of the benefits expected from said intervention and the consequences of not giving consent for it, respecting individual circumstances (the medical history of the patient, state of health, and presence of aggravating factors, such as allergies or other diseases, among other); possible complications, mortality, and sequelae; treatment alternatives compared to the proposed treatment; explanation of the type of medication required for the intervention and its risks; cost of the treatment (this is not necessary only if it has been predicted in another document, such as a contract); contraindications; possibility of suspending the consent at any time before the intervention; patient satisfaction with the information received as well as resolution of all doubts; signature of the physician, patient, and witnesses, if any are present, besides their initials on all pages. It also seems convenient to indicate the possibility of verifying other risks, although unpredictable, which will give the patient the dimension that the information given to him are related to regular consequences of the treatment.
The IC can also contain, on a separate paragraph, authorization to obtain pictures, videos, or graphic records before, during, and after the intervention to spread the results or iconography in Medical Journals and/or in the scientific field.
Still regarding the duty to inform, it is fundamental to establish verification of bilateral good-faith: the same way it is the obligation of the physician to give all the necessary explanations to the patient, the patient should also give the physician all the information he/she can that could interfere with the efficacy of the treatment. This certification of veracity of the information provided can be at the end of the Informed consent, declaring that the patient, during the anamnesis and throughout the process up to that point, has been truthful with his physician. Omission of relevant data by the patient can reverse the perspective delineated so far, and it can make the physician to make an undesirable mistake, which can make him responsible if malpractice, due to negligence or incompetence - which might occur, for example, if he does not request a routine exam because he trusted the veracity of the information given by the patient.
Summarizing, the non-observance of any of the requirements listed does not allow one to call it an informed consent, which might incur in civil and penal responsibility of the physician, may it be by the damage caused to the patient or by non-consented intervention on his physical integrity. In those cases, even in the absence of physical damage, at least the presence of an illicit action against the right to self-determination of the patient could be proven.
Circumstances in which the Informed Consent is not required
There are exceptional circumstances that allow the physician prompt action regardless of the concordance of the patient or legal representatives. In case of imminent life risk or severe and irreversible injury, when the patient is not capable to give consent, the urgency to attempt to save his/her life or physical integrity justifies immediate medical intervention. Article 45, 56, and59 of the Medical Ethics Code, mentioned before, legitimate this conduct.
Besides, if the patient, in situations of intermediate risk, is unable to give consent and a legal representative cannot be found or is not available to authorize the intervention, the physician is entitle to take immediate action to preserve the physical integrity of the patient.
In the situations described, one cannot talk about illegal action, may it be in the civil, penal, or administrative sphere. The physician is protected by legal rules that exclude illicit actions - in this case, the need and the regular practice of a right, supported by Article 123 of the Penal code and 188 of the Civil Code.
The Informed Consent, which pays relevant tribute to the right of the patient for self-determination, is a relatively recent, but widely accepted, phenomenon. By signing the IC, the patient states he/she is aware of the nature of the medical intervention and corresponding risks, accepting them of his/her own free will.
However, to clearly state the will of the patient, the IC should contain: the capacity of the agent, with special focus on the "capacity to consent"; voluntariness, to impose the will of the patient free of biases; understanding, which allows the patient to judge the intended intervention, to which he/she can give consent or not; and finally, provide fundamental information to allow the patient to make a decision freely.
Exceptionally, there are occasions in which the physician can, legally, take action without resorting to the IC. These are cases in which urgency is paramount to save the life and physical integrity of the patient, which allow immediate medical intervention without characterizing an illegal action in any judicial level.
The objective of those notes was to provide medical professionals the legal view of the informed consent. We hope to have achieved the fundamental scope intended when designing this article: to make medical professional more conscious of the legal aspects surrounding the matter to avoid the misunderstandings that commonly transfer the sacred physician-patient relationship from offices and hospital to the courts.
01. Brasil. Constituição (1988). Diário Oficial [da] República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF, 05 out 1988. [ Links ]
02. Brasil. Lei nº 8078, de 11 de setembro de 1990. Dispõe sobre a proteção do consumidor e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial [da] República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF,12 set. 1990. [ Links ]
03. Fortes PAC - O Consentimento Informado na Atividade Médica e a Resposta dos Tribunais. Rev Justiça Democracia 1996;1:185-197. [ Links ]
04. Clotet J - O Consentimento Informado nos Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa e na Prática Médica: Conceituação, Origens e Atualidade. Bioética, 1995#3:51-59. [ Links ]
05. Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos. Disponível em: <http://www.onu-brasil.org.br/documentos_direitoshumanos.php >. Acesso em 20 de março de 2009. [ Links ]
06. Nuremberg Military Tribunal. The Nuremberg Code. JAMA, 1996#276:1691. [ Links ]
07. Forster HP, Emanuel E, Grady C - The 2000 Revision of the Declaration of Helsinki: a Step Forward or More Confusion? Lancet, 2001#358:1449-1453. [ Links ]
08. Del Rio JA - El Derecho a la Autonomía de los Pacientes, em: Cabanillas SA - Estudios Jurídicos en Homenaje al Profesor Luiz Díez Picazo, 1ª Ed, Madrid, Thomson Civitas, 2003#173-205. [ Links ]
09. Brasil. Lei nº 10406 de 10 de janeiro de 2002. Código Civil de 2002 Diário Oficial [da] República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF, 11 jan 2002. [ Links ]
10. Pereira AG - A Capacidade para Consentir: Um Novo Ramo da Capacidade Jurídica, em: Pereira AG Comemorações dos 35 anos do Código Civil e dos 25 anos da Reforma de 1977, 1ª Ed, Coimbra, Coimbra Ed, 2004#201-209. [ Links ]
11. Andrade MC - Consentimento em Direito Penal Médico: o Consentimento Presumido. Rev Port Ciênc Criminal, 2004#12:117-148. [ Links ]
12. Simoes ML, Martynetz J, Ueda FM et al. Compreensão do Termo de Consentimento. Rev Col Bras Cir, 2007#34:183-188. [ Links ]
Endereço para correspondência: Apreseadd3do em 20 de março de 2009 * Recebido do Hospital Lifecenter, Belo Horizonte, MG
Dr. Adriano Marteleto Godinho
Rua Paraíba, 1352/909 Funcionários
30130-141 Belo Horizonte, MG
E-mail: email@example.com
Aceito para publicação em 24 de dezembro de 2009
Endereço para correspondência:
Apreseadd3do em 20 de março de 2009
* Recebido do Hospital Lifecenter, Belo Horizonte, MG


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I agree that the kind of example put forward by Jeremy may be considered "bad modelling" -- it is surely not intended that a string is the creator of anything. What probably is intended is that the creator is some object (so dc:creator would be an object property), and that object may have a name (typically a string accessed via a datatype property). I don't mean to imply that no "good" example exists, or that it is reasonable to ignore requirements deriving from what we believe to be misuse of the language ;-) Ian On 27 Nov 2007, at 15:28, firstname.lastname@example.com wrote: > > > Ivan Herman wrote: >> Well... I did meet one example. DCMI (the organization behind the >> Dublin >> Core metadata) is having problems exactly on that. They have an >> abstract >> model document[1] where they speak about 'value surrogate' that can >> either be a literal or non-literal. When mapping this abstract >> model to >> RDF[2] they hit this problem (eg, is the value of a dcterm:subject >> property a literal or not). > > I personally think that this example illustrates plain bad modelling > practice. Can you point to some discussion of the motivations for this > choice which might modify my view? > > -Evan >Received on Tuesday, 27 November 2007 16:22:18 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.1 : Tuesday, 6 January 2015 21:42:00 UTC


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INDIANAPOLIS (WISH) – Light snowfall expected Saturday evening could break the record for the snowiest winter in history in Indianapolis.
A light storm system moved in to the Terre Haute area after 9 p.m. It will continue overnight potentially bringing 1 to 2 inches of snow. The snow will arrive in the Indy area around midnight. Overnight the snow accumulates to 1″ to 2″ by daybreak Sunday. If that happens, this winter's snowfall totals will reach more than 51 inches, which was the highest snowfall total for Indianapolis during the 1981-82 winter.
As of early Saturday, the snowfall total for Indianapolis this winter was 50.5 inches.
Temperatures Saturday will reach the mid-20s. Lows will drop to the teens overnight into Sunday. The highs on Sunday will range from the mid-20s to the mid-30s.
The next chance for precipitation could be on Monday. Rain showers could mix with a few snow showers. Temperatures begin to increase with highs in the low 50s on Thursday.
Click the Forecast 8 weather blog for updates.


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I am teaching next week at Art and Soul in Virginia Beach. Last year was lovely, being right on the sea, making art with friends. This year will be fabulous too.Wednesday and Thursday will be "Under the Influence" which is a painting workshop. It is a brief foray into art school, where you will learn about four artists that have influenced my work.
Here is a post about this class.
The other class is called Journal Texting Two, and it is about making letters, inventing alphabets, playing with all kinds and shapes of letters and tools. Chapter two of last years sold out class, but this one still has room! Check that out here.
Hope to see you there!


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On Thu, 6 May 2004, Yvette P. Hoitink wrote: > >Jonathan O'Donnel's suggestion: >> > For non-text content, provide an equivalent text alternative. >> > If the text alternative cannot serve the same fuction or >> > convey the same information, provide a text label or a description. > >Gregg Vanderheijden's remark: > >> Very nice Jonathan. >> >> We need an exception for spacers and perhaps some pure >> decorative -- but maybe it is better to have a little >> decorative described than risk lots of content that is >> counted as decorative. Also may make testing easier. > >Personally, I do not think the either-or is explicit enough in Jonathan's >suggestion. It doesn't say the text label or description comes _instead_ of >the equivalent if the text alternative cannot serve the same function. I >know that it's implied, but I think we have to be explicit. I don't know that it is implied. I think a text alternative needs to be available always, although as Gregg notes below sometimes the most appropriate is null text. But there is no reason not to have a description as well for almost all text, although in some cases it is extremely low priority and low value. In cases where the text alternative doesn't really achieve the function of what it replaces, it is more important. cheers Chaals >Gregg: I don't think we need an exception for spacers, that could go in the >gateway techniques. Jonathan's suggestion tells you to provide an equivalent >text alternative. We can tell people in gateway techniques that for spacers, >"" is the best equivalent text alternative.Received on Thursday, 6 May 2004 05:00:53 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.1 : Tuesday, 16 January 2018 15:33:49 UTC


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People tend to freak out about the pregnant lady drinking the small glass of wine at the dinner party. A flood of whispers inevitably fills the room and the next day this "indiscretion" is the talk of the town. But is this a blameworthy issue? Are concerns about a sporadic drink during pregnancy valid?
I have noticed differences in opinion on this issue whenever discussions about healthy pregnancy occur. The New Year's party I attended this past year was a case in point. Two of the guests were pregnant: one was still in her first trimester, and, at 37 weeks, the other woman was close to delivery. At one point, I found myself sitting at a table with both of them. Also at the table sat a tray full of deliciously-pink cupcakes. And, as it turned out, these were no ordinary cupcakes—they were baked with real champagne.
What transpired next piqued my interest perhaps even more than the tempting cupcakes themselves.
After hearing that the cupcakes contained some unspecified amount of alcohol (the likelihood of champagne cupcakes actually containing a high amount of alcohol is very low) the newly pregnant woman looked down at the cupcake on her plate with a dismayed look, abruptly removed it, and explained that she was pregnant so she could not eat it. The woman who was closer to term simply shrugged her shoulders, said she was starving, and inhaled the cupcake.
I first wondered if the newly pregnant woman was being more cautious than the other woman because she was in her first trimester (a time when all of the baby's major body organs and systems begin to develop).
But I also wondered if the source of the discrepancy in the women's behaviors was something else. I wondered if perhaps these women had received different messages about alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
The negative effects of heavy, regular drinking (>9 drinks per week) during pregnancy are well known and widely cited. And major health sources such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Surgeon General recommend abstaining completely throughout pregnancy.
But what about an occasional drink? Is drinking even a small amount of alcohol during pregnancy not okay?
A Danish study from last summer, which resulted in five scientific articles, examined the effect of different drinking patterns in early to mid-pregnancy on neurodevelopment (intelligence, attention, and executive function) in five-year-old children. My Risk Communications professor Brian Zikmund-Fisher discussed the study and its implications in class last semester and blogged about it in the Risk Sense blog through the University of Michigan Risk Science Center here.
Since it was published, the study has received a lot of attention…and not all of it has been positive.
Published by The Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study Group from Denmark, the study suggests that alcohol consumed on occasion may not be a serious concern—a naturally controversial statement. The study recruited women at their first prenatal visit and focused on women with low average alcohol consumption (defined here as 1 to 4 drinks per week). However, women with moderate (5 to 8 drinks per week) and high (greater than 9 drinks per week) levels of alcohol consumption were also included in the sample.
The researchers followed the recruited women throughout their pregnancy and contacted them again when their children were five. At that time, the five-year-olds were examined for their IQ, ability to pay attention, self-control, and the ability to organize and plan. The examination took 3 hours. Perhaps Danish children are more well-behaved than American children because I don't know many five-year-olds who can stay focused for that long to begin with.
The authors found no effect of light or moderate drinking or infrequent episodes of binge drinking on any of these factors. Yet it may not be wise to take these results at face value. For one thing, drinks are smaller in Denmark (12 grams of alcohol in the study versus 14 grams in a typical American drink), In other words, Danish women consuming 1 to 8 drinks (light to moderate drinking) are actually consuming less alcohol than an American woman drinking 1 to 8 drinks. Also, individuals differ greatly on their ability to metabolize alcohol and the mother's and child's genes both affect the child's susceptibility to the negative effects of alcohol in the womb. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, no evidence of associations does not necessarily mean even small amounts of alcohol are "safe". More on this from Professor Zikmund Fisher here.
An Ongoing Debate
You can find sources that say any drinking can do damage as well as sources that say a bit of alcohol won't cause any harm.
Even the study at hand reads: "To date, the scientific literature, including the present study, does not establish a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy."
Given the uncertainty about what constitutes a "safe" threshold of alcohol during pregnancy, the best available advice is abstinence. Nevertheless, the research promotes the sense that women should not feel guilty if they have a drink or two during their pregnancy.


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Winston C Kwa, MD
- ASSISTANT PROFESSOR | Environmental Medicine & Public Health
Specialties:Occupational Medicine, Internal Medicine
Winston Kwa, MD, MPH, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and the Medical Director for the Selikoff Centers for Occupational Health Lower Hudson Valley Region. The two Lower Hudson Valley Clinical Centers are located in Monroe and Yonkers, New York. Dr. Kwa's research interests include occupational diseases such as occupational asthma, asbestos-related lung disease, silicosis, work-related musculoskeletal diseases, and the health effects of environmental and occupational exposures.
He is the former Program Director for the Department of Preventive Medicine's Occupational Medicine Residency Program. He also serves as an impartial specialist for the New York State Workers' Compensation Board. Dr. Kwa received his medical degree and Masters in Public Health at the New York Medical College. Dr. Kwa completed his residency in internal medicine at Staten Island University Hospital and in occupational medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital.
Clinical Focus
- Clinical Preventive Medicine
- Experienced in Workers' Compensation Reporting
- Medical Screenings for Work-related Hazard Exposures
- Monitoring and Treatment of World Trade Center-Related Adverse Health Effects
- Occupational Infections
- Occupational Toxicology
- Occupational Zoonotic Diseases
- Work Fitness and Disability Integration
- Work-Related Injury and Illness Treatment and Management
MPH, New York Medical College
MD, New York Medical College
Residency, Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital
Residency, Occupational Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital
Claudio L, Kwa WC, Russell AL, Wallinga D. Testing methods for developmental neurotoxicity of environmental chemicals. Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2000 Apr; 164(1).
Physicians and scientists on the faculty of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai often interact with pharmaceutical, device and biotechnology companies to improve patient care, develop new therapies and achieve scientific breakthroughs. In order to promote an ethical and transparent environment for conducting research, providing clinical care and teaching, Mount Sinai requires that salaried faculty inform the School of their relationships with such companies.
Dr. Kwa has not yet completed reporting of Industry relationships.
Mount Sinai's faculty policies relating to faculty collaboration with industry are posted on our website Patients may wish to ask their physician about the activities they perform for companies.
Physicians who provide services at hospitals and facilities in the Mount Sinai Health System might not participate in the same health plans as those Mount Sinai hospitals and facilities (even if the physicians are employed or contracted by those hospitals or facilities).
Information regarding insurance participation and billing by this physician may be found on this page, and can also be obtained by contacting this provider directly. Because physicians insurance participation can change, the insurance information on this page may not always be up-to-date. Please contact this physician directly to obtain the most up-to-date insurance information.
Insurance and health plan networks that the various Mount Sinai Health System hospitals and facilities participate in can be found on the Mount Sinai Health System website.


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My fight to make the streets of Columbus safe for all those who seek to get around without an automobile. "This time around, the revolution will not be motorized!"
Thursday, April 5, 2007
San Francisco Critical Mass Incident Illustrates the Problem With Modern Traffic
As you can imagine, this ride is very controversial, but it's hard to stop because there is no set organization or membership involved. Everyone who wants to participate simply shows up at the prescribed place and time, and they go and ride. That's it.
The motto of this ride is simple: "We aren't blocking traffic; we are traffic." But to a nation that is still under the impression that automobiles rule the streets, this is a problem. So Critical Mass tends to get a hard time in the mainstream press. But it also brings a lot of issues about the use of streets to the forefront: are streets simply places for cars to drive, and everyone else can use them at their own risk? Or are they commons, places for all to use no matter what mode of transportation you use?
Being of the latter mindset, I tend to be a fan of Critical Mass and the forced realization that traffic is about more than just cars.
Well, Critical Mass is getting a hard look in San Francisco, where it originated, after an incident at the end-of-March ride. Apparently, a family from out of town was driving into town to celebrate a birthday when they ran into the end, more or less, of the monthly ride. Apparently the driver, Susan Ferrando, revved her engine in annoyance at the riders not letting her pass, and then swerved out and hit a cyclist. She then attempted to drive off, but other cyclists surrounded her car to foil her escape while 911 was called. One of the riders apparently broke the rear window of her car.
Ferrando then told the press and anyone who would listen that she only bumped someone and that's why she was trying to drive off. She made the whole thing sound like the cyclists' fault.
There are two people at fault in this particular case, without looking at the bigger picture of the Critical Mass ride itself: Ferrando, for attempting a hit and run, and the cyclist who smashed her window. Both should be in jail.
Some may argue that Critical Mass is at fault for this incident - that the mob mentality that arises from such an event led to the incident getting out of control. I see it differently.
Modern automobile traffic IS the mob mentality. It's a perpetuated cycle of "strongest rules" and the idea that if everyone does something wrong, then that makes it right. That's why police don't stop people for speeding, failure to use turn signals, etc. EVERYONE does it. In fact, you can get ticketed for NOT speeding, because you're not "following the flow of traffic."
Critical Mass, on the other hand, is simply a case of the cyclists showing the motorists how it feels.
My point: traffic, and the insatiable need that people have to get from Point A to Point B as quickly as possible, is the problem. The officials of this and every city that has traffic issues like ours (and that seems to be most of them) should be doing everything they can to slow traffic down, and to discourage the use of private automobiles.
Cars are the problem here, not the victim. When people die in car-related accidents, it's looked at as a necessary evil to keep people moving. But sit back and think about that: your son, daughter, mother, father, cousin, etc. dies in a car accident. But instead of taking action to fix the problem so that it doesn't happen any more, city officials shrug it off and find the blame with your relative - they did something wrong that got them killed.
I say the system got them killed, because the system is flawed both in practice and in intention.
2 comments:
I am a fellow cyclist... but in no way do I support CM. The atmosphere and the attitude that CM generates is the same as rude drivers on a busy city street. In no way does it generate and effective message to any one driving a car that cyclists should be respected. Put yourself in the position of a car and then being rudely cut off by a another car. Your response is not polite or courtious, CM has the same effect, not the desired respect. If cyclist want to be respected we need to voice our needs, obey laws, and act with intelligence. The hooliganism of CM defeats any positive stigma attached bicycles. Sorry for the rant, but i just wanted to pass on my experience, both as a cyclists viewing CM and a cager driving through a demonstration.ReplyDelete
I can see and understand your point and opinion here. In fact, you and I are in complete agreement about what Critical Mass is, I think: bicyclists acting like motorists in traffic. I think that where we differ is whether that's a good thing.ReplyDelete
To my view, it is a good thing. Motorists need to learn several things: first, that they don't own the road. There are many other forms of transportation that need to be considered. Second, that their regular behavior on the road is detrimental and only increases the problems that exist.
However, you do bring up a very interesting point: that of attitude. Cyclists who participate in CM may see themselves as simply showing motorists how it feels to be relegated to second-class status on the road, but motorists most certainly aren't going to see it that way.
I think it's safe to say that motorist see bicycles in general as an annoyance on their "turf," and a ride like Critical Mass as an outright invasion of their turf. We've all had "Get on the sidewalk" or such comments yelled at us while riding, and that shows the attitude they have - bicycles don't belong on the road.
The question is this, though: is Critical Mass hurting or helping this attitude? One can certainly argue that the progress San Francisco has made is in part due to events like Critical Mass showing just how much motorists do rule the road, and also just how bad a thing this is. One can also argue that Critical Mass does what you say - "defeats any positive stigma attached bicycles."
I think both are probably true, depending on the audience. But I think personally that the positives of CM outweigh the negatives.
I look at it this way, in a city where Critical Mass does not take place (at least, as far as I've been able to ascertain): would the presence of more cyclists point out the detrimental effects of too many cars?
I personally ride my bike just as I would my car - where I want, when I want. I have no problem taking the lane when I feel it's necessary. I don't particularly care if someone has to wait a few seconds to go around me for traffic to clear in the oncoming lane if they think I'm going too slow. The law does not prohibit me from any of these things. In fact, the wording of the law implies that these things are expected.
But as a cyclist in Columbus, a city with far fewer cyclists than San Francisco and other cities with flourishing CM rides, I have few supporters in my efforts. An event like Critical Mass would do much to point out just how many cyclists are out there and want the city's planning for traffic to cater to their needs as well as those of motorists.
Civil disobedience is and has always been a way to get things done. The Civil Rights movement didn't get anywhere until minorities started to assert themselves, and I see Critical Mass as another form of this form of assertion.


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One of the questions I get asked the most is how I fit art and blogging and all of the other creative things I do into my daily life. At some point that usually leads on to a discussion on living a life we love and feel we were meant for. So many people want to be more creative, but don't think that they are creative at all (well, I have something to say about that!), or think that creative pursuits have to be crammed into the darkest nooks and crannies of life. I know all about that because I've been there.
People assume I have always lived a creative life. The truth is I turned my back on it for years. When I started working full time, got married and set up home, I gave up on a lot of things I had enjoyed up until then. In my mind, being a responsible adult meant not doing those things. Alan, bless him, tried to coax me back into it by buying me my first ever easel. I still didn't bite.
Then I became bedridden and housebound for several years.
When I started recovering from being bedridden, I promised myself that from there on in I'd always be me, no matter what. Even so, it took another 9 years until I realised I needed to be creative every day.
By the the power of blogs, I can show you how that journey began.
The other day I came across this post from my first ever blog, which is long since gone, but I thankfully saved as word documents before I hit delete, and was floored by how far I've come in the past few years. Aoife was two, and still only known as Fidget online.
February 2009:
If you read my rather negative post yesterday, you know I have been fighting depression lately. Yesterday darkness won.
But living under a dark cloud for a while hasn't been all bad. It has given me the opportunity to really explore who I am and how I want to, no need to, live my life.
One of the major things to come out of all this is that I have realised I need to live a creative life every day. That's "need" as in you need air to live. And I've realised that part of the reason I have felt miserable for so long is because I haven't done that.
Creativity has been a hobby, not a lifestyle.
Over the years I have hidden behind a dozen or so labels I have made for myself and started identifying with, but I've left the creative one out in the cold. The one label I didn't like identifying with was that of an "arty farty". I know it's usually said in jest, but to me it suggests that being creative is something to be ashamed of rather than proud of.
Sure, I've had my cross-stitch, which I love, but that has also, I've realised, been part of the problem. I've been far too hung up on making complicated or fancy things (part personality, part perfectionism, part insecurity) that I can't work on when Fidget is around. So they're left for the evening when she's in bed. But when she's in bed, I'm too tired to do anything.
I need to start looking for daytime projects that can be picked up or put down as needed, so I can be creative every day. And I need to make things that come from me, not a kit.
I have also realised I need a creative home, not limited to fancy cross-stitches hanging on the wall.
I have always had a love of handmade things, but like many others I have gotten caught up in the consumerist society. A look around our house says it all. Pretty much everything is shop bought and mass produced. Yet we're far from frivolous, in fact we've always been pretty frugal. I have come to realise I need the homemade factor in a big way. I need to be surrounded by beautiful (not necessarily perfect, but beautiful) things that mean something to me, things with soul.
I think it's possible to live a creative life every day. I don't think it has to be that complicated. I just have to find a way to do it.
I know I can!
And that's the "secret".
The first step to a more creative life is always making the decision!
I don't find the time to be creative every day, I make it. Because I know I need to be or I'll be miserable and a pain in the bum to be around.
Make the decision, then take a day or two to think about what living creatively means to you and how you can start the ball rolling.
The first step doesn't guarantee an easy life. Things won't happen overnight, and there will be plenty of bumps and scrapes along the way, but it will be worth it in the long run.
Just take baby steps and remember to breathe. It can and will happen!


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Through March 31st, we are offering 10% off the family season passes at the Tanglewood Park Aquatic Center!
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Misc. Gospel - I Got Shoes
I Got Shoes(Difficulty: hard)
CHORDS C D11 D7 D9 Em G G7
I got shoes, you got shoes,All of God?s children got shoes;When I get to Heaven gonna put on my shoes,Gonna walk all over God?s Heaven, Heaven, Heaven.Everybody's talkin? ?bout Heaven and I?m goin? there,Heaven, Heaven.Gonna walk all over (gospelmusic.org.uk)


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Article Side
Online Article Directory!
How to Check the Reliability of a Website
The medical industry is quite different from other industries and service sectors. Patients need to have easy and quick access to their doctors or may need to find a doctor to treat their specific ailment. A phone contact is not sufficient. Medical industry needs to have an online presence in the form of websites that can be easily accessed from anywhere by patients on the go. Just as in the case of any other website, it is important for a medical website to be well designed, be informative and rank high in search listings. Unlike general business and services, the medical industry is full of specific terminology and medical content has to follow a unique style guide. The medical industry is further subdivided into various branches like dental, general medicine, dermatology, cardiology, gastroenterology, pediatrics, veterinary, urology, etc. Each in itself is a very extended branch and calls for specialized knowledge and understanding from the medical industry's side, a website designer's side and from a prospective patient's side in order that the contents be clear, concise, informative, understandable and more to the point, in line with what the patient is looking for. A medical website designer needs to know the right keywords and keyword phrases that will bring the website to the top of search results. From the medical industry's viewpoint, there is intense competition and they need all the patients they can get in order to sustain and grow. Having the right website helps them in their aims. A custom medical industry website is created after careful planning of the content and design aspects. The client and the web designer plan the website, its looks and contents. The website designer creates the medical industry website, reviews it with his client, optimizes it and then launches it. A specialist would want to include information about his line of medicine, provide links to sites that contain detailed information a prospective patient can refer to, show the range of services he offers and provides a contact number and page on the site.
A specialist's website generally has a site design and content that impress a patient and induce him to click and avail the specialist's services. A medical industry website is so designed that it provides most of the information a patient needs on the site itself and minimizes the need for him to phone his doctor for trivial information not directly connected with his case. A medical website also has to be thoughtfully designed in order to impress and attract new patients. Medical industry has to be careful when launching websites. The patient contact form has to be secure to prevent interception by hackers. A website for this industry can never have any downtime.
A medical website, moreover, cannot make claims about cures that cannot be substantiated as this lays open the practitioner to lawsuits. A medical website incorporates testimonials from patients but does not guarantee cures. A website for medical industry needs to be have a high level of interactivity. A prominent button requesting contact or appointment helps patients visiting the site. A search box is a thoughtful addition so a patient can search for the information he needs. A visitor to the site needs information and a means to contact the doctor if he so decides.
Having a map showing directions is a thoughtful addition that helps patients. All these should be readily available on the site, showing up easily and not hidden under links. A medical website designer also has to be knowledgeable about medical ethics and laws of that particular country and prepare the website keeping these in mind. A medical website will need further support in the form of website marketing, SEO and related assistance to help it be noticeable and come up higher in search results.
Rama Banerjee - About Author:
Rama Banerjee - Professional Writer, in Ours Group of Companies, invites you to visit our Website Designing Templates section. For web development assistance visit our Website Development company Section. We welcome you to be part of Ours Group of Company. © Copyright - Rama Banerjee. All right reserved Worldwide
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text: The ibis budget Freiburg Süd is 15 minutes from the city center and is easily accessible from the A5 highway. Free parking is available at the hotel. We have 74 renovated rooms, each accommodating up to 2 adults and 1 child under the age of 12. We offer free WIFI access and our buffet breakfast is served every morning.