text:
Every bathroom and kitchen should have an all natural, Lomond Soap, liquid soap. The scents, the richness of the liquid and the sheer pleasure you get from using their products make Lomond Soap our favourite soap makers. They only use natural products and when you buy a Lomond Soap product part of the profit goes to The Orangutan Protection Foundation UK and everyone loves orangutans!
Fragranced with pure essential oils
Free from foaming agents
250ml pump action PET plastic bottle, no waste, easy dispensing
Lomond Soap Say:
A Lomond Soap is an ethical product, we believe that our natural, handmade soap should not negatively impact on the planet or anything living on it. We make a small donation from every soap we sell to The Orangutan Protection Foundation UK to help rescue, rehabilitate & release Orangutans displaced by the palm oil industry.
Ingredients: Aqua, Glycerine, Potassium oleate, Potassium cocoate, Potassium castorate, Parfum (blended essential oils), Citral, Limonene, Linalool, Geraniol.
For body use: Dispense some product onto a sponge or flannell and massage into the skin, the scent and the overall feeling of wellbeing is so overwhelming you'll want to repeat this process again and again.
For hand use: ump a small amount of liquid soap into the palms our your hands add some water and lather up with your hands and or a soft nail brush.


text:
Store robbed at gunpoint
A man armed with a shotgun robbed an auto parts store in outer Southeast Portland on Tuesday night.
Officers with the Portland Police Bureau's East Precinct responded to a 7:41 p.m. report of an armed robbery at the Baxter Auto Parts in the 16700 block of Southeast Division Street, said Sgt. Pete Simpson, bureau spokesman.
Police contacted employees who said the suspect entered the store armed with a shotgun and demanded money. The man left with an undisclosed amount of money and was last seen walking eastbound on Division Street.
Officers, including a police dog, searched the area but did not find anyone matching the suspect's description.
The suspect is described as a Caucasian man who is 30 to 40 years old, 5-foot-10-inches tall with a thin build. He was wearing a camouflage jacket and pants.
Anyone with information about the robbery is asked to call 503 823-0405.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
As expected the F1 Commission, which met today, has delayed the introduction of a new engine formula to 2014, rather than 2013.
And compromise seems to have been reached on the layout, with the 1.6 litre turbocharged engines likely to be V6 rather than in-line 4 cylinders, to which Ferrari was vehemently opposed, among others.
This looks like a sensible compromise to me. I was struck by the strength of opposition from fans to the 4 cylinder units at the recent FOTA Fans Forum we hosted in Montreal.
As far as I know, the other elements of the new engine package which the FIA were so keen to see, such as the potent energy regeneration systems known as ERS, have been maintained. The compromise package will now be presented to the FIA's World Motor Sport Council for approval.
There had been suggestions before the meeting that Bernie Ecclestone may seek to embarrass FIA president Jean Todt over the issue, as happened recently with the U Turn over the Bahrain Grand Prix, by suggesting that the vote by which the 4 cylinder engines had been agreed had not been carried out correctly. But compromise was in the air today and the outcome seems reasonable for the sport.
It is still an exciting challenge for the engineers and will keep F1 at the sharp end of technology, whilst also putting energy regeneration at the heart of the story.
The solution is palatable to Ferrari – whose legendary V6 turbos powered Gilles Villeneuve in the 1980s – and Mercedes as well as Renault, who had threatened to leave the sport if it didn't move to small turbo engines. Cosworth is a versatile engine builder with experience of engines of all sizes with and without turbos. For them it will come down to a cost analysis of customers and price point versus development costs.
The compromise package is likely to be a hot topic among fans at next week's UK edition of the FOTA Fans Forum, which is taking place at the McLaren Technology Centre in Woking.
The rev limit is 15,000 rpm because the originally proposed 12,000rpm caused concern that the cars wouldn't sound very good out on the circuits.
what is the rev limit for these v6? still 12 k or is it higher?
Rotary would be a better way forward…they scream, they have a lot fewer parts, surely they are cheaper to manufacture and run. I know fuel consumption is an issue on road cars, hardly an issue in F1. Dont see any cons with them in F1 myself.
Had FIA done nothing to stop some teams ran away in the past, the qualy rule of 107% will perhaphs be 125%. It's natural to level the field a little bit once in a while. From the fan side, it's easy to lose interest if we know Vettel always seem to have vast reserve in speed even though RBR PR machine always trying to spin the picture in other way.
When we had turbos in the 1980s there was no rule on the number or configuration of cylinders. When we went back to 3.5 litre non-turbos it was said Ferrari built a V12 because they always built V12s Ford came in with a Cosworth V8 because they always built V8s. Renault took a guess and went with a V10, and Honda built all 3 and started with one and switched to the other… So who says the BEST way to get most power out of given amount of fuel is 4 or 6 cylinders ? If something can do it better with a radial 5 cylinder engine let them build it. More small cylinders with high RPM or Few bigger ones with lower RPM. Let them rev to whatever they'll go to. If you can build an engine which lasts 1000 racing miles AND runs at 25,000 RPM, that should be applauded not legislated out of existance.
I'd go further: let the cars to burn ANY hydrocarbon – alcohols, Petrol, Diesel , Gas – with an equalization formula for C02 emmisions. You can build any engine you like but the fuel capacity is fixed.
Simpler rules and greater innovation, with more to feeding down to road cars
is NOT something manufacturers actually want because of the fear that someone else will come up with something way better than they do. Or am I just a conspiracy theorist.
Can someone please explain to me what the difference is between having a 1.6 straight 4 cylinder turbo engine or a 1.6 V6 turbo. I'm a bit confused as to what the significant difference is in terms of performance
Having more cylinders (for a given overall capacity) means the pistons, valves and other reciprocating parts will each be smaller and lighter, and therefore easier to move faster. So typically the engine with more cylinders will rev higher and make its torque at higher rpm. This is a big advantage for a racing engine because you can take advantage of the higher-rpm torque with lower gearing.
Thanks Iceman, appreciate the explanation, makes sense.
Yes! Very happy with this. The V6's should still sound good.
F1 was conceived by car manufacturers for the purpose of demonstrating their technologies so it has to reflect the road cars of today. I think that the V6 turbo is they way to go in the short term, perhaps reducing the maximum fuel tank size by 5 litres per year but F1 should be looking towards something more radical for the future.
Burning hydrocarbons to power cars is not viable now, let alone in another ten years, maybe F1 should think about switching to hydrogen fuel cells soon. I think it would accelerate the development of the technology.
I was behind the engine that was originally suggested, however I think that this is a much better idea and it appears that Ferrari have thinking about this for a while:
Could you imagine a road going Ferrari or Mercedes using a flat four small turbo? No.
Could you imagine Ferrari, Renault, Mercedes and particularly Cosworth selling an F1 derived V6 turbo? Yes.
Am I literally beside myself with excitement at the thought of this? Yes.
Now imagine Caterham 7 (or an Elise if you still want to give money to Group Lotus after there ungentlemanly conduct) road cars using a 1.6 V6 Turbo F1 derived engine in a British sports car.
Where do I sign?
Will a rev-limit still be imposed on these new engines?
I still think Diesel is the way forward, but I might be in a minority here. I'm thinking 2 litre V6 twin turbo.
I like the idea of putting choice back to the teams, like an earlier poster suggested have a target CC (or power limit) and let the teams / engine manufacturers decide how to get there. Give them the choice on fuel too.
I would like to see F1 using diesel or pure bio fuels.
At first i liked the new site, but after having come to it since a couple of time i think the colors around the different are too much.
It seems to busy with all the colors.
Before, it was easier to simply jump to the left column for your latest blog, or jump to the right for the tweets link.
Now, i'm all over the place trying to search for things.
I also have to click on another link to open your lates blog, whereas before, i was able to simply scoll down.
Bring back the old blog, bloke!!! 🙂
A smaller engine can be packaged more tightly. That will make Adrian Newey and the other design engineers very happy. In the future, no doubt, a number of hybrid modules will be added.
Do the rules specifically require 4 stroke + petrol? No gas turbines on the horizon?
Dear James,
I am completely amazed by the FIA stance in this matter… They want small turbo and ERS systems… but for me the question is following – is F1 here for the F1 or fans? I would rather say that F1 is giving golden eggs not only to Bernie but also to FIA and all of this thanks to the interest fron fans. There have been a lot of surveys and as far as I know fans are strongly against turbo engines and would like to keep the big current engines…
I have been in motorsport for more than a decade and one of the worst feeling experience were diesels at Le Mans… such amazing prototypes and they have no sound!!! can't imagine watching race with grid of just those cars… sound is one of the main sense of the motorsport especially as with the new circuits the spectators are quite far from the track and sense of speed is therefore little bit reduced. Monaco is the slowest of the year but sometimes stands are just few metres from the cars and the feeling of speed is incredible.
so the point is, when the FIA finaly forget about that they want and instead will do what fans want? you can have the greenest F1 but without fans interest it would be dead category…
I am from India and am yet to go to an F1 race. Planning for Indian GP. Hence, I wont be able to comment on the sound.
Could you please let me know which engine spec comes close to the existing 2.4L in terms of pure sound?
I am saddened by all these changes to F1. To me, F1 should be the ultimate in motor racing, but it seems they are moving backwards.
I propose a name change from F1 to F1.5
Don't you mean F.5?…:)
"I am saddened by all these changes to F1. To me, F1 should be the ultimate in motor racing, but it seems they are moving backwards."
The same argument was advanced, word for word, when F1 went from 1.5l turbos to 3.5l normal aspiration. Slower, don't sound as good, we like grenade qualifying engines, etc, etc. When 1.5l turbos raced in the same races as 3.5l (3.0l?) normally aspirated engines, they had to have a special prize (the "Jim Clark Cup") to give to the losing teams with normally aspirated engines as a consolation. F1 cars were at their most powerful when Gerhard Berger had a Benetton-BMW with over 1000bhp for qualifying. Can you remember what the configuration of that engine was? Oh yes. That's right.
I like the move to V6s because it will differentiate F1 from lesser series like F2,F3, GP3 and F.Renault. Though GP2 may still continue as V8s, and World Series by Renault is going from road car based V6s to a racecar only 3.3l V8.
The only other change I'd make is a small capacity change from 1.6l to 1.5l – because for most of F1's history when there was a supercharger option it was 1.5l.
Why the insistence on turbo? We all know that turbochargers used in motorsports is not the same we have on road cars. These costs tens of thousands per piece and have limited lifespan in their working environment. –> $$$$$$$$$$
Why cant they simply limit the engine capacity to a output level desired and use KERS to provide the boost? Leave the number of cylinders open to encourage diversity. … and perhaps, remove rev limits altogether! Continue to ban exotic material in them, thats all
Does anybody have any idea if this makes it more or less likely that a major new manufacturer joins the sport?
I'd say the engine wars (1994 – 6) brought some real excitement with cars running V8s, V10s and V12s all winning races so I'd imagine more open engine rules would work well for f1. Its certainly more road relevant than the aero obsession the sport has been stuck in since engines were frozen.
I agree with a previous suggestion that had the capacity limited to 1.6L with complete freedom on configuration. That way Renault could do its I4, Ferrari and Mercedes a V6/8 and prospective manufacturers could bring their own unique configurations. Imagine BMW bringing in a I6, Audi an I5 and Porsche a H6. That would be perfect!
I think this compromise is probably the best the true fans of F1 are going to get. The sickening thing is this "green" facade. The devotees of F1 are likely not particularly "green" minded and those that are know the logistics of F1 far outweigh this farcical crap about engines, blown diffusers, and engine mapping.
I guess limiting the cost of competition has gone out the window with the development cost of a new engine.
If they want to keep f1 relevant to road cars and going green then they should keep the no refueling rule in place and allow the teams to develop these new v6 engines however they want whenever they want with a horsepower cap. This way the manufactures will continue to develop engine technologies that allow them to burn less fuel and build the cars with smaller fuel cells and less weight making it a worthwhile competitive advantage.
James here is a practical question that just occured to me… if they delay the new engine formula till 2014 and the current agreement and engine freeze expire at the end of 2012, what is there to stop people like Ferrari and merc from bringing some factory special rocketship engine for 2013? It's not like the current units are completely maxed out. Can the FIA enforce a stopgap for 2013 wssbtially keeping everything as it was?
If the racing is good and it still feels like F1 then I will still watch regardless of the engine size.
A 1.6 V6 limited to 12,000 rpm – sounds like MotoGP and F1 are getting closer and closer.
Wonder how long it is until we see a Ducati powered F1 car!
People on this board are killing me.
V4 engines were never in the mix – I4 engines were!!!
How can F1/FIA value these peoples opinion when they show that they're ignorant of the topic at hand?
On an engineering level, which I understand most people won't know, V4 engines are a failure. They were seen in motorcycles and some cars long ago, but they've faded – fallen to the wheyside. Why? They don't last long due to engine harmonics. V4 engines are dead as dead can be, and hopefully Flat4 engines won't be far behind.
I don't care as long as they get the sound right. It has to sound amazing and make the hair stand up on the back of the neck like the current ones
It's a shame that F1 is becoming more and more regulated. It pains me to admit that I find myself becoming less interested overall in the sport.
In fact, since beginning watching F1 in 2007, this is probably the least interested I've been in the sport and i feel like there's not much that's cool to look forward to.
A V6? A V engine makes a lot of sense regards modern aerodynamics but I don't really see the point over an inline 4. I also fear that there's some false posturing regards engine noise with people emphasising volume over sound – I have and always will prefer the V10s!
An F1 car should always look impressive on paper or have engineering nouse (spelling?) behind it, example: V10s over V12s because the weight savings are favourable against the power increase. A V6 does neither.
Does anyone know if FOTA has considered has considered hydrogen based ICEs? Toyota, Honda, General Motors, Daimler and Hyundai are all pushing hydrogen (albeit fuel-cells) so surely it's attractive to them?
Hydrogen fuel cells power electric cars.
Hydrogen is not naturally occurring. They get it I believe by stripping it from natural gas or sometimes through electrolysis. If you want to run the engines on hydrogen you might as well run them on natural gas instead. That's probably better environmentally in terms of how much energy you have used and how much carbon you have released.
disclaimer: not an expert.
There are numerous ways to procure hydrogen and most people bemoan the cost but F1 could inject so much positive money into the R&D that it becomes more and more cost effective and… "green" which is surely beneficial to the manufacturers and fuel companies?
I too am no expert but from what I've read I don't support people's opinion regards energy in > energy out which is another supposed negative.
I think this is a fair compromise. Any true petrolhead wants every car to have a massive capacity engine with as many cylinders as possible but the FIA has spent the last couple of decades reducing power outputs so another reduction is no surprise. Can't help feeling that the four cylinder unit was just put out there so that people would accept a six pot on the basis it was better than the four. Wonder what McLaren's thoughts on these talks are considering that they will split with Mercedes in the future – will they build their own or get another engine partner?
Interesting move. I had no problem with a 4 cyl. If it keeps the manufacturers and fans happy then a small V6 is fine too.
Nice to see some sensible compromises from all parties.
I wonder if there's any inherrent eco impact difference between the two engine layouts. A V6 will have more components. I'm guessing the 4 cyl turbo is a more efficient design oveall which is why most car manufactureres go that way in their retail products.
Who says V4? I known that the new engine would be a turbochrger 1.6 liter inline 4 cylinder.
V4? Only in MotoGP.
Agree, Do they know that V4 not so good. MotoGP bike use it just for compact size.
My exact thoughts!
I'm not an engine expert so this may not be feasible, but how about this for a crazy idea:
The new F1 engine is a modular 2 cylinder engine designed to stack together. F1 uses 3 of them bolted together, car manufacturers use 2 bolted together and Ferrari in their road car uses 5 bolted together. Just 1 could be used as a range extender for an electric vehicle.
….yes OK. A crazy idea and possibly not feasible. Everyone's interests are served though if this is feasible.
The main sticking point with road car vs. open wheel or Formula one is how the engine block is an integral part of the structure of the car. In touring cars or stock cars the engine might have a bit part to play in the structure of the car but for the most part has a frame or unitary body that takes all the stress and holds everything together. In a Formula One car in a GP2, F3, Formula Renault, etc., the engine is attached to the monocoque to form part of the chassis, attaching the rear suspension, wing etc to the rest of the car. This means that cylinder blocks would need to be significantly different, than a passenger car, and it means a modular block would probably not be strong enough to handle an F-1 car's stresses.
Hope that helps.
On one hand I liked the idea of developement of technologies closely related to roadcars. But then is Formula 1 supposed to be exactly about roadcars?
Those cars were built to go as fast as nothing else can, not to resemble Ford Focus.
Turbo engines are comeing anyway so the potential brakethroughs in F1 will still be trasferable regardless on number of cylinders.
Same goes for energy harvesting devices.
In some ways FIA almost went to far to please people who will never be pleased anyway.
Unless we want grid consisting of Vauxhalls, Fiats, Ladas. Thats BTCC isn't it?
So in a way Ferrari (probably half intentionally) is saving the show for us.
I like those cars sounding like they would swallow you without chewing. V6 is a deacent compromise.
If I want sound of four cylinder engines reving stupidly hihg I can always watch MotoGP.
I was hoping it would basically end up being a souped up standard car engine that was developed to be lighter stronger, higher revving and with added goodies like turbos and energy recovery. I was hoping that the manufacturers would be able to directly take the stuff F1 invented and bolt it into their future cars.
I guess that's basically what we still have. I understand why Ferrari don't want to make 4 cylinder engines. They want to have a technology they can sell in their cars. ….fair enough.
The compromise seems OK and a years delay aint too bad at all.
Another thought…
Whether they had chosen a 4,6 or 8 cylinder engine there would have been a horsepower target in the rules. The performance of the final engine would have been fairly similar as far as the outsider observer would have been concerned. I know there are sound issues and maybe the way the power is delivered may be subtly different, but I'm not sure that's all that important. High revving engines of any type will sound good.
Ferrari want an engine that's more than 4 cylinders so they can differentiate their brand from normal car brands. I'm sure ideally they want 2 to 4 more cylinders than normal cars have in because that's something they can use to sell their cars. There is a marketing component in this.
And F1 must move for their marketing plan.
I had heard for somewhere that Ferrari just sale their car to get budget for their racing team but now everything seem change, they just racing to promote their marketing.
I would much rather they had said V4 or V6, instead of keeping only one of them, F1 needs some diversity
Why a 1.6l v6 and not 1.8?
If they are so interested in cost cutting, doesn't it make more sense to introduce a new engine that has the same volume/cylinder, but with fewer cylinders? Much like the did when they went from 3.0l v10s to 2.4l v8s…
I realize that bore and stroke combined gets you the volume of a cylinder…but it surely must be easier to just chop two cylinders off instead of having to re-invent the wheel.
It's much more than just chopping off two cylinders. Bore and stroke must be taken into account, looking at what type of power it would produce. Then you must consider firing order, as that can sway an engine's power output considerably. Next is intake plenum/manifold, along with exhaust header construction.
I'd say the cost isn't much more expensive than just creating a new engine formula altogether, regardless of volume/cylinder.
It's weird. Considered that BMW 4 cylinder turbo engines of the 80s were amonst the most powerful F1 engines ever. I bet fans were protesting the ban on turbos back then as they do now with V8 vs. 4 cylinder. Sorry, but F1 fans have not gone far from football fans – apart from waving flags in the grandstands, posting stuff on crazy forums and wetting their pants when they get to meet their favourite drivers, there's not much substance in the fan zone. I suggest FOTA/FIA stop listening to people and press on with whatever changes regardless. In a way, I'm ashamed to be in the company of people who don't appreciate the push for change and some really interesting technology. 1 year dealy, then one more, and then someone else will use the idea and F1 will be running some outdated V8 units. It's a shame.
The new type of engine works fine in the WRC/WTCC, the noise is good. It's a mystery to me why F1 in general is so opposed to fresh ideas.
the new engine will still be restricted, not really exciting.
I agree completely with what your saying. You should be ignored as by the FIA and just take it as it comes.
Finally I found to agree with you.
No one care it 4 or 6 cylinders as long as it's a powerful engine.
Agreed. I was looking forward to I4's with sequential turbo's, or a single turbo for that matter. The powerband sequential turbo's can make would be incredible to watch, as the driver would have gobs of torque down low, making it even more difficult for the driver to control the rear end of the car on corner exit.
If KERS motors were allowed to produce more power, something in the range of 145-160 ft/lbs of torque, combined with the potential torque output of sequential turbo 1.6l I4's, the torque v. hp output could be nearly identical.
This news is a bummer.
Why doesn't the FIA just come out and say "we don't care what type of engine you have, as long as it has so much power, fuel consumption and these green systems" That would make everyone happy. Mercedes and Renault could build their 4 or 6 cylinder turbos and Ferrari could build a 6, 8, 10, or 12. Just like the old days. It would show much better innovation and bring more excitement to the sport.
Hi James,
What is your understanding about the impact of these engines on aerodynamic regulations? Andrew Benson, from BBC suggested the cars will look substantially different but I've not heard anything similar elsewhere. Do you know anything?
I was also wondering about the way Todt reaches his "unanimous agreement"… It's something to think about
What would have been interesting is to say 6 cylinders with a max capacity (1.6 litres) and leave it to the manufacturers to decide inline, "vee" or horizontally opposed (or some sort of W configuration) and let them fight it out that way. But I guess they want to keep the power bands about the same.
Can't wait to see what the manufacturers come up with that skirts the edges of the regulations. Good to see that the KERS is being boosted up too (at least that's what I read somewhere). That's the one energy-saving concept that actually makes sense in F1.
As an adamant supporter of the 4-cyl turbos, I have to say I like this compromise.
However, I have to say that Jean Todt and the FIA just got completely rolled by the teams and manufacturers. Wasn't the 4-cyl engines agreed upon by the teams (through the Technical Working Group) in the first place. What's to prevent them from coming back halfway through next season and moan about the 2014 engine rules. It sets a pretty bad precedent.
The changed engine specifications are even more farcical if the compromise is a V6. What sense does it make; the FiA continually changing specifications whilst dithering about the 'cost' of doing business? There's no reason to think that building a stressed six cylinder turbo engine that will deliver the necessary horsepower as well as the required reliablity is any more simple or cheap exercise than a four cylinder that does the same. So it would seem the reasons are not fiscal but political. Politics are also the justification for KERS. If you wanted an inexpensive increase in horsepower, just allow the teams to raise the RPM above the current limits, but instead they've added weight, complexity, expense as well as waste-environmental waste. If you were actually concerned about fuel consumption and economy; the teams would be given a maximum amount of fuel they can use in a race.
We currently have teams that field cars that are barely faster than what one finds in GP2, and at one point in the Spanish GP the hard tyres reduced the pace to F3 levels, why do we need new smaller engines, with lower horsepower and bigger KERS? Ideology, in my opinion; little more.
So we've gone from a 1.6 V4 to a 1.6 V6. When we went from V10s to V8s, we got the corresponding reduction in capacity (from 3.0L to 2.4L). Seems like a pointless change, more for marketing reasons (V6 sounds better than V4) than for technical ones. What's going on here? Feels like Jean Todt got the formula he wanted anyway.
They've gone from a 1.6l I4 to a V6 – big difference.
The earlier regulations specified 4 cylinders, not the configuration. Could have been a V4.
Actually it really couldn't. V4's have nasty harmonics, are a struggle to work with, often requiring balance shafts. Any F1 engine engineer would immediately start with an I4 and go from there.
Another reason why I4 is the only logical option is weight.
James, what is really behind the issue? I do not think it is the consumption and pollution itself because Boeing 747 is going to consumer more fuel during one long distance flight the all F1 teams together.
This is not about F1 not being green – I am 100% sure.
It is about relevance to road cars? How is that? How relevant for Renault it is to have 1.6 V6 bi-turbo engine reaching 700 HP?
Something is not right…
I personally think it is the image itself – it has to be GREEN…typical marketing hypocrisy.
"How relevant for Renault it is to have 1.6 V6 bi-turbo engine reaching 700 HP?"
A lot of car buyers have silly hangups about certain technologies: look at the people who dismiss CVT gearboxes as suitable only for the halt and the lame, when the FIA had to ban them in 1993 because the CVT Williams showed every sign of being seconds a lap faster. Indeed, look at the resistance in Europe to automatic gearboxes in general, when the only reason F1 cars aren't fully automatic is regulatory. Ditto ABS, traction control, etc, which aren't for "real drivers" and yet Ayrton was very happy to have them on his car at Donnington. Having the "peak" of motorsport unable to use innovative technologies slows their adoption, while their being fitted to champions' cars speeds market acceptance.
It is absolute crazy that my Skoda is fitted with a gearbox that is more sophisticated than an F1 car's, just because Charlie Whiting was talking into banning the dual clutch system McLaren had produced (which is almost exactly the DSG system available on a Polo or an Octavia in your local dealer). Energy recovery is an important technology, one which will also make cars go faster. Banning it in F1 is madness, and the end-game with the 1.6 formula — turbo compounding — would get a huge boost (ho ho) from being on competition cars.
Indy car (IndyCar?) racing rejected "universal racing engine" (4 cyl.) concept in favor of, wait for it…V6 turbos! Will common use of V6 turbos help open wheel racing on both sides of the Atlantic by reducing costs (economies of scale), promoting some crossover of teams and drivers?
No, FIA will jerk the rules around so that there will be nothing in common.
I bet Renault and PURE are pissed off, they were well advanced with their engines and now all that time, effort and money has been wasted, just so the two teams that run FOTA can have a chance to play catch up.
what is wrong with the V8s?
pursuing green ideals is fine (kers, ers, fuel efficiency) and a worthy part of F1 but I do not see what is wrong with a V8!
Because it's so very *not European.
good decision. chopping off 2 cylinders is cheaper than making 4. should create a more individual and exciting noise than 4 cylinder too.
Jean Todt seems a bit weak on decision making, lets try sticking with the V8's and adding a turbo, you know it makes sense.
I would also like a feature on engine mapping as I thought the teams used various maps throughout the weekend and more than two during the race. But the new changes appear to state that there can be no change of maps from quali to the race. Which has confused me as you can tell from my poor explanation. Thanks
James i been asking this question many times and nobody seems no know a precise answer. and i know there should be a very good one.
why not limit the total amount of C.C. and let them do whatever number of cylinders they want ?
The FIA's thinking on this is that there's always going to be an optimum configuration and finding out what that configuration is, costs a lot of money. By removing the freedom to choose configurations, the FIA hopes to cut the costs (and risks) of developing a new engine.
Totally agree – I seem to remember 3000cc normal aspiration or 1500cc tubo was an option at one point in the past. The budget restrictions will control engine costs and the motor industry will benefit hugely from the diversity of combinations of engine and energy recovery systems, which should be left open – especially in their deployment during races.
The budget controls have worked, now lets see the brilliance of the technical guys shine, and the best drivers will thrive on the diversity.
Yes – I am getting very tired of "one-size-fits-all" F1…..
They would just change it mid-season if they didn't like who was winning.
Possibly they're concerned that path might lead to increased R&D costs – bigger engine builders might try several layouts to determine the best option.
I agree,
configuration should be up to the manufacturers although it could end up with some developmental dead ends when one engine configuration proves superior for a given chassis/tyre/weight rule set.
I also think F1 engines having relevance to everyday road cars is ridiculous. Look at 90% of the brand making glamour cars of the world. Mercedes, Ferrari, Lamborghini, Aston Martin, Bugatti and to a lesser extent Porsche – all have large capacity engines (larger than 1.6 anyway) because that is what dreams are made of. Not 4 cyl green dull mobiles.
Probably, the main advantage to the turbo V6 layout versus the V8 is smaller engine package. That's longitudinal wise. F1 cars are already very cramped and with energy return being emphasiszed, they need all the new space to work with they can get. F1 cars sure can't get any longer than they already are and still fit around tracks like Monaco.
Green considerations in F1 make as much sense as Green Top Fuel drag racing
Wouldn't knock green dragsters… The 100%alcohol Funny cars arent exactly boring
To me the most important factor is the RPM, that is what makes 80% of the sound. If it is going to be V6 limited to 12k RPM, it will still sound lame as a V4 12k RPM (just a little bit more airy bite sound, is all).
100% agree. The sound depends mainly on the revs rather than the architecture. But I wonder what modifications the turbo will bring to the engine growl.
"The sound depends mainly on the revs rather than the architecture"
Um, really? Have you listened to I4 vs. V4 vs. boxer 4? I6 vs. V6? Big-bang vs. screamer? Cruciform vs. flat-plane crankshaft?
You betcha.
For those of us old enough to have heard a 1950's-60's straight 8 (I*) from long ago, Ford et al, versus a classic 90-deg V8 of ubiquitous use now; I can guarantee they sound nothing alike.
Jim's example of Boxer 4 (eg. Subaru) versus I4 or V4 is a great one too!
RPM range is just a piece-part of the influence of sound determinators for engines.
Exhaust/Header config is another big variable determinant. The pipes are highly pressure-tuned systems which can markedly change the end sound produced by same engine. Listen to Lotus-Renault's current V8 long-pipe forward exhausted solution in comparison to same engine in a RBR7 with shorter-head rearward exhaust. Different by a clearly discernable note/tibre change.
So no. RPM is not all that. JF.
hey james do you think this could lead to other engine makers wanting to come into f1 such as porsche?
I think they should open it to V6, V4 or in-line 4 cyclinder engines and let the manufacturers decide which way they want to go…I'd be facinated to see the outcome.
Great new look on the site btw James!
Now that sounds interesting! Maybe not just 4 or 6 cylinders too! But..will opening it up like this introduce an engine war and spiral up the cost?
YES. Minimum car weight. Maximum KERS weight. Maximum amount of fuel per race.
Let the teams do whatever they want with their engines and KERS systems.
At least it's the right direction from a fans perspective, as most fans are opposing the 4 cylinder engine. It's great that the FOTA fans forum is giving a voice to the fans. It's certainly an improvement to the FIA surveys a couple of years ago which I am sure went straight into the bin.
Could we see Honda make a return to engine supply???? After Brawn took over and won, they have unfinished business!
V10's are best and what I'd have if I (and I guess many of the teams and drivers would) penned the rules.
The original decision by someone to go for 4 cylinder engines in F1 was nuts (how much money has been wasted by this debacle)?
Those who talk about V10s V12s are the best, do they have an objective argument or is it just the bigger the better.
A F1 engine has to give as much power as possible with the best power curve and the most efficient way, that's it.
The engine has to have a nice noise. In that respect higher revs lead to more acute sounds.
900 BHP is better than 750 😉
the V10's were awesome up close and personal. the little V8's just aren't quite the same.
Ask the manufacturers cause it was their idea to begin with.
Id still love to see V10's back 🙁
James, do you plan to write some on engine mapping ban. I'm starting to wonder if FIA is trying to stop Red Bull Racing from winning the championship. First blown diffuser, now engine mapping with almost no notice … This is weird.
There is a sound logic behind the decision. While the F-duct and double diffusers were clever solutions within the rules, they couldn't be prohibited during the season. Blown diffusers are a clever solution outside the rules, and it's clear that the FIA could've banned some teams because a punishment would be appropriate, but with so many teams affected such a decision would've never been passed. Of course, the FIA could've let the blown diffusers to remain till the end of the season but it would have been unfair to the smaller teams and they did nothing wrong to have their chances diminished. Of course, there is still the question why the FIA didnt react earlier, but it is the FIA's fault and not the smaller teams'. It was a compromise, and hopefully it will help this great season to develop some intrigue!
Yeah, it is definitely to try stop them. There isn't much protest by the F1 fams because he vast majority of F1 fans aren't RBR or Vettel fans. They are Ferrari/Mclaren/Alonso/Hamilton/Button fans.
If Ferrari or McLaren were leading this way because of clever engineering/designing and the FIA decided to ban them, all hell would have broken loose, how the FIA is trying to stop Ferrari/Mclaren and manipulate the outcome of the championship.
2011 is an artificial season, DRS, intentionally degraded tyres and now FIA changing the regulations half-season to help other teams catch up with RBR.
It is pathetic.
Much like the FIA stopped Ferrari 2000-2004? Or McLaren 1998..?
It's not clever engineering – RBR use two different maps for qualy and the race, which goes against the spirit of the parc ferme rules. As an earlier poster said, it's akin to changing ratios or wing settings.
I can see why they're banning it though. By keeping the exhaust flowing when off throttle, the sole purpose of the engine is to suck the car to the road.
Why don't they just attach a few Dysons to the underside?
Wasn't the engine mapping rule change part of the blown diffuser ban? The engine mapping is what enables RBR to 'hot blow' their diffuser.
I thought the exact same thing but then I am Mr. Cynical – Like they said on the BBC if they just organised the season differently instead of flying back and forth across the globe that would save far more energy..
Whu does it have to be the FIA trying to keep RB from winning? Why do people think that the FIA is trying to get RB? I dont get it. I do agree that its stupid to implement the rule change now, but… SMH
I feel it is all to do with stopping Red Bull et al from just wasting fuel during qualifying, something the FIA has been at pains to reduce for years on cost terms…
The engine mapping rule seems logical. You're not supposed to alter the car after qualy, unless you want to start from the pits. To me, changing the engine mapping is the same as changing gear ratios or wing settings.
what about brake balance, fuel mixture, engine fuel efficient settings, are these supposed not to change during the race too.
Yes, why stop it all mid-season when most of the teams have already spent so much on these technologies? Seems they are desperate to keep interest in the championship by slowing Red Bull down.
Miha, please realise that the funny mapping which goes with the 'hot-blowing' of the diffuser, only matters on the overrun, on the corner entry. It has no role whatever in the exit phase of the corner, when the driver starts acclerating and the superior aerodynamic efficiency of the Red Bull allows Seb and Mark to deploy the DRS rather earlier than the rest of the field.
I agree!
Is this new proposed V6 Turbo really so much different than current V8?
F1 may as well just stay with current V8.
I hardly see how V6 satisfies the Ferrari market, in the same way V4 doesn't. I was hoping to see the craziness in power and efficiencies that can be realized from a 4 Cylinder engine when too much money and plenty of brain power is applied to this most common of car engines.
4 cylinder engines are the domain of the family hatchback and people carrier. They have no place in luxury sports cars made by Ferrari or Mercedes.
Ferrari could make a hybrid V6 though. They've all but abandoned V10's and V12's in their road cars moved to V8's to maintain some sort of parity with their F1 cars. Mercedes have always had a healthy interest and continue to do so whilst trumpeting a link to F1.
Expect to see Ferrari, Mercedes, Infiniti and probably Renault too all selling hybrid V6's by 2014.
Just to be clear – on why I disagree with you. It is because 4 cylinder is the future and the only engine that we should see being manufactured. It is already by far the #1 seller. Ferrari and others will have to find ways to maintain their luxury exclusivity image while delivering image of performance. I say image because there are other more efficient and lower priced ways to achieve that performance as we know.
All electric Ferrari?
4 cylinder Ferrari?
I'm sure they're looking at it and it's on the drawing board already if not testing. If they aren't, Porsche, Tesla and others will soon make Ferrari as relevant as steam engines.
Sorry to disagree with you. As much as I love the term "no replacement for displacement" and as lovely as the V12 BMW 850CSi is in my book, large engines are going to be extinct. Even the rich and famous are more conscious of their image and drive smaller more efficient cars.
Remember Be Cool?
Chili Palmer: [about a Honda Insight] It's the Cadillac of hybrids.
Martin Weir: But what about speed?
Chili Palmer: If you're important, people will wait.
Know your terminology. V4 was never discussed – I4 was. The different is that one has a V shape, while the other has 4 cylinders all in line.
V4 is a losing platform as the harmonics destroy the engine, making their life span short and sweet. A majority of engine development budget would be first directed towards sorting out the harmonics, so that they could produce reliable engines.
I am upset they moved away from I4 turbo engines, as I was looking forward to Honda and Toyota being enticed back into the sport, albeit most likely as an engine supplier. I4's are their bread and butter really, and being able to develop the turbo side of it would be enticing for them. Both manu's have a few models with turbo options. The engine, at high rpm and high boost, would sound incredible. I've built high revving I4 engines, and that is the sound I prefer.
V6 turbo engines, imo, won't sound good.
Plenty of Honda VFR750/VFR800 owners will disagree with your assessment of the lifespan of V4 engines. That Honda V4 is renowned as an exceptionally reliable engine. There was one motorcycle courier who did 800,000 miles on a VFR. The first engine lasted 450,000 miles and the second was still going when the bike was retired. That's sky-high mileage for an 11,500rpm motorcycle engine.
V4 is also the opposite of a losing platform in MotoGP 😉 and they are limited to 6 engines per season. Making a reliable V4 is a solved problem.
Sorry that should have been:
The racing versions (RC30 and RC45) had a 360 degree crank, so each BANK would be rising and falling together, but firing on alternate cycles.
@Bill: no. The standard VFR750 and 800 have a 180 degree crank and a 90 degree vee, which gives primary balance (like an inline 4), while at the same time minimising the inertial torque effect on the crankshaft. I can tell you that those engines are smooth as butter.
The racing versions (RC30 and RC45) had a 360 degree crank, so each would be rising and falling together, but firing on alternate cycles. Clearly that's not going to give primary balance so there must be some other advantage, presumably to do with having more of a "big bang" firing order to improve traction. Even those were very reliable race engines.
yes, but aren't those v4s really just v twins with twinned pistons? I.E. the pistons in each bank rise and fall (and spark) together, rather than 90 or 180 degrees apart?
It's not just Honda and Toyota that are turbocharging 4 cylinder engines nowadays: BMW and Mazda, for instance, also stick turbos on small engines when they look for performance on a budget.
Because ferrari can bolt two of them together and have an absolutely awesome V12 again.
Keep moving in this direction and by the 2018 Concorde agreement the driver's will be required to use pedal power and Schwinn will be the main supplier.
These constant changes are ridiculous.
Whatever happened to the decision technical group formed the F1 teams that proposed V4 engines and going green in first place 😕
If indeed Jean Todt bends backwards on what originally was proposals from F1 teams, a precedent will be set and FOTA(and/or) Bernie will take Jean for ride in all future decisions. Might as well Jean quit rather than become puppet.
I was kind of started liking Jean's approach on involving stakeholders, taking consensus and keeping low profile. But this kind of flip flopping is not good for him and for governance and regulation of motor sports.
Max Mosley took quite a flak for his autocratic ways and his liking for limelight, but I guess, one has to concede that he knew his stake holders better, and dealing democratic way with this lot was not the right way I guess.
I actually think this is better. The FIA shouldnt be writing rules without the input of FOTA, IMO the FIA's job is to implement and enfores rules, not write them
That's the point – These rules were written with FOTA's inputs to start with. FOTA members are distancing themselves away and making Jean Todt look bad…..
Hmm… D'oh. Does this mean that FOTA listened to the fans? And that begs the question, should it? Fans do pay to go the races, and therefore contribute to the commercial revenue. But in the end, they're still manufacturers with bottom lines and investments. If a small band of vocal, hardcore 'original' fans don't want the engines as such, should they listen to them, or as per normal marketing philosophy, create an image and target potential new fans and retain long time clients wishes?
The 4-cylinder engines were the teams/manufacturers idea to begin with. What's to keep the teams from changing their minds a year from now. I have a feeling that six months from now you'll start hearing rumblings that Ferrari is not happy about the new engine rules and we'll be right were we are now.
I don't agree with you.
The matter was voted but since the teams and fans expressed a strong opposition. I think it shows good leadership from Todt to listen to the teams and fans and get to a compromise.
There was no point of pushing the engine change in 2013 if people were not happy with that.
Good job Todt!
The matter was voted but since the teams and fans expressed a strong opposition.
>> On contrary, the technical gurus nominated by FOTA proposed the V4 engine related specs for 2013, and voted in favor of it end of last year.
And in few months Bernie & Ferrari started the dissent campaign and went public on it. If indeed they didn't agree with the specs, what were they doing last December in all the meetings they participated where the specifications were finalized??
Why did not they contact FIA/Jean Todt, rather going to scribes. A point to note, When Jean Todt put this facts in press release 2-3 weeks ago, nobody in FOTA/ Bernie challenged or countered Jean's statement.
Here is Jean Todt's official Statement from 6/7/11 –
Todt admitted that he finds the situation frustrating.
"It is they who proposed the regulations, and the FIA who accepted them," said the Frenchman.
"The proposal didn't fall from the sky; we had 11 meetings with all the representatives of those involved."
Todt stands no chance in winning such a war of words regardless of how accurate and honest his statements are.
Bernie is larger than life and 'brilliant' at creating a media fuss in the most outrageous, rude and juvenile manner.
Ferrari is (for reasons totally unknown to me) regarded as the most indispencible element in F1 and again adept as going to the media with THE most outrageous and rude comments.
Todt? Well he is a rather grey little man, and if he is going to conduct himself in an honest and respectable manner in the media then he is doomed.
Your point is invalid.
Today, 3 out of 4 engine manufacturers did not like those changes. Fans are against them also.
I know what has been voted last year, you don't need to remind us.
I am talking about the actual situation now and in my opinion, it would've been stupid from Todt to disregard the fans, teams and engine manufacturers change in opinion.
We want people to be happy with the changes, not do them because they are imposed.
I don't care if people change their point of view, as long as they arrive at the right decision.
This attitude (which has come mainly from politics) that people cannot change their mind when presented with new evidence is absurd.
Jean Todt involved the stakeholders in formulating the idea in the first place. Those same stakeholders then changed their minds – is it unreasonable to not allow Jean Todt to do the same?
What is ridiculous is that the FIA took this decision in the first place to introduce the 1.3 spec without full and thorough consultation with the sport's most important stakeholder – fans. On ever single F1 website and forum through which they could speak the VAST majority of fans were screaming that they did not wan this 1.3 spec for THEIR sport from the moment it was announced.
It wasn't about NEW informatiom comming to light – the information was always there if they had bothered to even casually look for it.
Mod, any chance of remoing the followings posts as they have been posted by an idiot pretending to be me apologising to him. I thought it better to ask you than to lower the tone by arguing with the idiot.
Sorry I apologise. I did get a bit muddled up and was rude. Obviously you make some valid points. I suppose if the changes to the sport attract more new fans than they lose old fans, then they have more "stakeholders", and who am I to argue with that?
Come to think of it, I think Benson Jutton's earlier post (above) was quite right, and I would like to apologise for my response to that post as well."
Sorry to all for writing with CAPS ON I realise it makes me look about 12 yrs old.
Sorry to all for writing with CAPS ON I realise it makes me look about 12 yrs old.
Sorry I apologise. I did get a bit muddled up and was rude. Obviously you make some valid points. I suppose if the changes to the sport attract more new fans than they lose old fans, then they have more "stakeholders", and who am I to argue with that?
Come to think of it, I think Benson Jutton's earlier post (above) was quite right, and I would like to apologise for my response to that post as well.
thomas, 1.3 spec was a typo, thanks for taking the time to point it out.
Of course the people who watch F1 are the most important stakeholders. This is the same for F1 and and other sport which attracts sponsors. If fans started switching off in large quantities because they no longer liked the show – the sport would have to change or die.
This fact is not open to interpretation.
I would also suggest that calling others 'misguided' and being sarcastic about their typos is not worthy of this website.
Have never seen such a misguided post.
Where F1 races is up to FOM (Bernie) not the FIA. Todt got caught out by Bernies soft shoe shuffle.
1.3spec… Never heard of it… Is that a scoop!
"Most important stakeholder..", don't make me laugh. If you have a few spare million to throw at the 'sport' you might get a passing nod, just.
You'd think that the teams, FOM and the technical working group do not have anything to do with F1, it's rules and where it races.
Much like the FIA disgracefully took the decision to reinstate the Bahrain GP when public opinion was so overwealmingly against the concept. The FIA has to follow FOTA and leave it's rareified bubble of sheer arrogance and actually talk to the fans.
FIA If you're listening (and I realise you are not), here are the fans biggest gripes – there is evidence of disafection about these issues EVERYWHERE if you bother to look:
1) Constant changing of the rules; year or year or from race to race.
2)Stewards blatant, continuous and gratuitously inconsistent decisions.
3)Chasing billions to boreing desert tracks which noone turns up to and then having to introduce silly overtaking buttons to compensate for the terrible circuits
4) Introducing crazy concepts to enforce overtaking leaving drivers defenceless yet penalising any driver that is colourful enough to actually try and overtake anyone.
5)Banging on about environmentalism yet still trucking all the way to the other side of the world for races that not even the natives want because they pay so well.
I could go on.
I don't have issue with FOTA thinking over and making up their mind and providing feedback to FIA. Infact FIA had engaged FOTA/FOM and everybody concerned ahead of time, FOTA formed a technical committee that gave recommendations and the regulation was put forward in december'10.
If FOTA/FOM really changed mind suddenly and decided to pay heed to the fans (as though they care), they could have contacted FIA and not the press and start disowning their own involvement in original plan.
The path they chose – to go to media and complain clearly indicates their intentions were not the in interest of F1, but to make Jean Todt look bad.
I was not much of Jean Todt Fan when he led the Ferrari team, due to obvious evidence of Jean-Ross-Schumi in Collusion with FIA in early part of the millennium. But Jean was making sincere attempt to democratize way motorsports was governed, but FOTA & FOM have thrown him under the bus on this one.
Thats something good to look (or listen) forward to.
Any chance of Honda coming back? 😛 If the new V6s sound anything like what the Honda McLaren did in the late '80s, I'll be more than happy. Are there boost and rev restrictions planned and ? Last I knew for the I4s was 1.5 bar and 12/13k rpm?
Who appointed F1 as custodian of future road design ideas and ideals?
Why does F1 feel it has to be 'road relevant' at all? F1 is in the sports entertainment industry and it would do well to remember its reason for existing! Football does not feel it has to change its rules to ensure it is at the forefront of the leisurewear and trainers industry. Swimming feels no self aggrandising need to lead the way on goggles and latex technology.
F1 is a dream for many, an amazing explosion of colour and sound. Who wants to dream about owning a 1.6 litre fiesta that is road relevant and 'green' when they can dream of piloting a rocketship?
As for environmentalism. F1 needs to stop kidding itself – cancel one poorly attended and boring long haul race (Dubai anyone?) and the aviation fuel and logistical savings will save more global resources than all the cars racing all year long.
bring back 3.5litre v12,s
"Why does F1 feel it has to be 'road relevant' at all? F1 is in the sports entertainment industry and it would do well to remember its reason for existing! Football does not feel it has to change its rules to ensure it is at the forefront of the leisurewear and trainers industry. Swimming feels no self aggrandising need to lead the way on goggles and latex technology."
Benson Jutton, no. You are talking about byproducts of football and swimming. These sports do not chnage their rules to ensure that they lead the way in these industries – so yes it is completely true.
Not really true though.
Football: Lighter and easier to bend in the air, boots lighter and with more grip for bending the ball.
Swimming: Suits designed to reduce friction and increase buoyancy, leading to faster times.
Rugby: Compression jerseys to increase blood flow to muscles.
In short all professional sports strive for competitive advantage. F1 tries to make those advantages relevant. Plus, its regulated by the FIA, so they sort of appointed F1 as the custodian, so to speak.


text:
TOPEKA, Kansas – It's been a busy legislative session in Topeka, but with the state of Kansas being mocked on national television, one lawmaker says it's time to just go home.
"This session has devolved into a joke on some levels," says Democrat Paul Davis. "We need to focus on jobs and property taxes. But, instead we are getting national attention. This is not good. That's one of the reasons I've proposed we cut the session short."
Davis is talking about Jon Stewart and the Daily Show. Stewart is calling Kansas lawmakers out for proposing laws that would pinpoint precisely how many spankings a child can get under Kansas law. Other lawmakers have proposed a law that some are calling religious freedom.
Kansas Speaker of the House, Republican Ray Merrick, commented on the Jon Stewart jokes about Kansas.
"I do not support discrimination in any form. Nor do the members in my caucus. There were many different interpretations of the language in the bill. I interpreted it as a protection to religious liberty. Other people have interpreted it as discriminatory," explains Merrick. "Because of that, I'm committed to working with the Senate to ensure that any measure that's signed into law is unequivocally clear about the purpose and intent of the legislature, which is the protection of religious liberty. This is the legislative process at work. I will personally see that nothing signed into law can be misinterpreted to condone discrimination."
However, some business owners are sending a message to lawmakers on the religious freedom bill by printing signs to go in their front windows.
"Our business is a safe haven," says Angela Mallory, co-owner of the Donut Whole in Wichita. "It's a safe haven for really anyone and everyone. We really don't put out any political viewpoints or cater to any demographic. We have an open door policy."
The signs going up in the Donut Whole say the business will serve anyone and everyone. The Kansas bill being proposed would allow businesses to refuse service to some customers based on sexual orientation.
Kansans are speaking out.
"Is that really the way we want to be seen?" asks Ryan Joseph of Wichita.
"We are going to see a lot of those lawmakers out of office in the next election because everybody that I've talked to, the people of Kansas are not happy about this," says Jason Breitigan of Wichita.
Still, lawmakers say they are doing their best to offer what their constituents want. And they wonder if it might be time to call it a session.
"Jobs, the economy, taxes," says Davis. "That should be our focus. I understand people want to bring issues forward and that is what the legislative session is all about. But, it might be time to cut the session short at 70-days (instead of 90) and just go home."
Related links:
John Stewart pokes fun at proposed spanking legislation
John points out legislation that allows discrimination


text:
This weekend Dublin hosts Ireland's biggest gardening event called BLOOM IN THE PARK. As much as I would love to be there, I won't be arriving for a few more weeks, so I poked around for garden festivals going on this summer.
Tralee Garden Festival
15 June – 17 June
Galway Garden Festival
14 July – 15 July
Carlow Garden Festival
28 July – 5 Aug
And even if you're not there during festival season, Ireland's gardens are gorgeous just about year-round.
More festival listings in Ireland >>
Enjoy this post?
If so, join our list of e-newsletter subscribers. You'll receive our favorite news stories on Irish travel and culture delivered to your inbox.


text:
I Love Hearing Abou How You Met Your True Love
Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 32 People
It's So Cutei always ask how/where couples meet i think it's so interesting to hear their stories it's also pretty inspiring
Gallimaufry 13-15, F 1 Response 0 Aug 23, 2009
We Met While ....... looking for something better than what we had. We were lucky enough to have learned how to make a relationship work so we dumped our two bad partners and started a good relationship with each other.
jimrich 70+, M 0 Feb 23, 2011
By the PoolOkay so I was going swim at my best friends house. It was me and a few people, and one of my other friends was bringing a few of her friends. Andrew was the only one I didn't know though. The moment I walked up I saw him... he instantly caught my eye. I went over to my friend and...
It Was Love At First SiteI was 15 and I was visiting my sister out of town at the time from where I lived. She wanted me to meet this guy when I got there in the same week. When that day came 7 guys walked in and all met me .Well the one she wanted me to meet was a no go. He thought he was Gods...
Doreenas 51-55, F 0 Jul 26, 2009
Thank God For KatrinaI know not many people say that especially not many former New Orleans residents like me, but thats how I met my love! After it happened and all the smoke had cleared my high school was left FAR to damaged to return to. I'll skip alot of refugee details and get to the part...
cubantbone88 18-21, M 1 Response 0 Jul 29, 2009


text:
2 Nigs United 4 Podcasting #11
November 14, 2014 \ 2 Nigs United 4 Podcasting \ 6 Comments
Podcast: Download (Duration: 1:30:01 — 82.4MB) | Embed
Subscribe: iTunes | Android | RSSThis week in the news, Andrew Caldwell was delivered from his love of men. Michael Dean talked about his experience in the Black church, and wonders why can't there be less show and more knowledge in the church service? Taylor Swift pulls her music from Spotify.
QSTORM: @Qstorm3476
Michael Dean: @Mdean


text:
What does eighth cranial nerve mean?
Definitions for eighth cranial nerve
Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word eighth cranial nerve.
Princeton's WordNet
acoustic nerve, auditory nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve, nervus vestibulocochlearis, eighth cranial nerve(noun)
a composite sensory nerve supplying the hair cells of the vestibular organ and the hair cells of the cochlea
Chaldean Numerology
The numerical value of eighth cranial nerve in Chaldean Numerology is: 8
Pythagorean Numerology
The numerical value of eighth cranial nerve in Pythagorean Numerology is: 8
Images & Illustrations of eighth cranial nerve
Find a translation for the eighth cranial nerve definition in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss these eighth cranial nerve definitions with the community:
Word of the Day
Would you like us to send you a FREE new word definition delivered to your inbox daily?
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"eighth cranial nerve." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2018. Web. 22 Feb. 2018. <https://www.definitions.net/definition/eighth cranial nerve>.


text:
The job of directing the opening ceremony of the 2012 Olympics comes with a lingering whiff of the Leni Riefenstahls. In Beijing, the gig fell to Zhang Yimou, a one-time dissident film-maker who has since been repurposed as a kind of in-house director for the state authorities. Zhang was judged to have executed his task with aplomb. His reward was a commission to direct a state-sanctioned blockbuster to mark the 60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China, and to manage a firework display in Tiananmen Square.
So who is to pick up the baton in London? Reports suggest the committee's first choice is Danny Boyle, a man once accused of peddling "moral depravity" via his 1996 film Trainspotting. Today our own former dissident is reformed, largely thanks to the runaway success of Slumdog Millionaire and his endearing, Tigger-like celebrations at the 2009 Oscar ceremony. All of which has made him a favourite of Seb Coe, and the ideal person to oversee the 2012 curtain raiser in Stratford. Boyle, for his part, is playing coy but sounding positive. "I can't say any more," he cautions. "[But] it would be lovely, wouldn't it?"


text:
Just when it looked like the Legislature couldn't get any slower, Gov. Jan Brewer told legislative leaders to stop sending her bills altogether and if they do, the implied threat is that she will veto them.Read More »
Brewer signs fireworks, transparency bills and 2 dozen more
Gov. Jan Brewer acted on about two dozen bills on May 10, signing most of them into law.Read More »
Brewer vetoes bills on federal funds, treasurer reports
Gov. Jan Brewer signed a raft of bills Monday but vetoed three, including one that would have given the Legislature authority over federal funds and another that would have required the state treasurer to give an annual report on the fiscal condition of the state.Read More »


text:
Mac's Convenience Stores profile
Listing Profile
Mac's Convenience Stores
Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 1Y7
Lat/Long: 46.4999153, -84.2667166
Area(s): Eastside
Hours: Open 24 hours
About Us:
Mac's is a multi-service centre carrying a wide variety of products and services including, ATM's, lottery tickets, fresh food products, national and proprietary branded fast food and petroleum.
Froster, Seattle's Best Coffee, phone cards, snacks, ice cream, fresh fruit, soft drinks, household goods, groceries, tobacco, milk, bread.
- Parking Lot
Pay by:
- Cash (or Unspecified)
- Visa
- MasterCard
- Interac/Debit
Have you been to this business? Login with your
Facebook account to quickly submit a review.
Sault Ste Marie Ski/Snow Reports
2018 PeongChang Winter Olympics
Sault Ste Marie Farmers Markets
Sault Ste Marie School Calendars
Sault Ste Marie Ski/Snow Reports
Sault Ste Marie Farmers Markets
Sault Ste Marie School Calendars


text:
What does saddening mean?
Definitions for saddening
Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word saddening.
Causing sadness.
Webster Dictionary
of Sadden
Chambers 20th Century Dictionary
sad′n-ing, n. a method of applying mordants in dyeing and printing cloths, so as to give duller shades to the colours employed.
Anagrams for saddening »
Chaldean Numerology
The numerical value of saddening in Chaldean Numerology is: 4
Pythagorean Numerology
The numerical value of saddening in Pythagorean Numerology is: 5
Sample Sentences & Example Usage
DISCLAIMER: A society where such disclaimers are needed is saddening.
It's very saddening and heartbreaking ... that an adult would put other people's children or children in harm's way like that.
Angus Hohenboken from aid group:
There's a landscape of skeleton trees and patchworks of square outlines where houses used to be, it's really quite a saddening sight.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan:
We wouldn't have wished this to happen. But, unfortunately, it did, we hope that the tensions with Russia will not grow and result in more saddening incidents.
It's always very saddening to our rescue team when an animal doesn't make it and often the situation is that the animal is past the point of being able to recover.
Images & Illustrations of saddening
Find a translation for the saddening definition in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss these saddening definitions with the community:
Word of the Day
Would you like us to send you a FREE new word definition delivered to your inbox daily?
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"saddening." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2018. Web. 18 Feb. 2018. <https://www.definitions.net/definition/saddening>.


text: On Jun 10, 2011, at 9:38 AM, Steve wrote: > I have an old FB 4 project that uses SendAppleEvent. It cannot be updated to FB5 and it needs to support AE sending and receiving. So the project is old but presumably SendAppleEvent was recently added and doesn't work? > > this simple example below will crash after iterating 62 times in FB4 and works without issues in FB5 > <snip> > Looking at the RUNTIME definitions you can see only slight differences Just to make sure we're looking at the same thing, you're comparing FBSendAppleEvent in Subs AppleEvents.incl for FB4 with FBSendAppleEvent in Subs Appearance AEvents.incl for FB5? The substance is the same but the code is a little different at least in those two functions. However, there is a possibility the problem is not in that function or not only in that function. Stack handling for the strings is different in FB5 than FB4. FB5 manages it with gFBStk stack pointer variable but FB4 handles in Subs Compiler.incl. The typical problem ( which has accounted for many past bugs in FB5 ) is the balance of the stack push/pops is not maintained thus more strings added eventually blows through the stack size. For FB4's Subs Compiler.incl I can see: _FBStrStkSize = 16384// 64 pascal Levels Note the comment about 64 levels. This probably means the stack will blow out when the 64th string is added without appropriate pop management. Possibly, you could bump the stack size but this is not a real fix and the stack will blow out later. Anyway, Subs Compiler.incl looks like the likely place to look for a fix. Don't know PowerPC assembler or I'd investigate in detail. Brian S


text:
How to Get in the Mood to Study
Are you not capable How to get in the Mood to Study? Do you get unfocused and think that you can't study right now? With a slight focus, you can regain your strength and get into the mood to Study. From here you can go through some important Tips to Boost Your Motivation and Mood.
Getting in the right mood to study is a general problem for students. However you have to do it, for the reason that failing to study, review, or prepare for a class can have critical consequences, such as low marks, failed classes, and not graduating. It is important for students to find a way how to get in the mood to study.
How To Develop Powerful Concentration
An excellent method to get in the mood to study is to do it exactly later than your class. Go through your notes, revise the chapter for that day and do homework you have. Write down your notes, before you fail to remember. Read the chapter for the next day too, then if you foresee any trouble spots, make a note to ask the professor during the next class.
Top 10 Job Oriented Courses After 12th
Tips To Get In the Mood to Study
Try to form out what's getting in the method of your studying mindset
- There might be a lot of things running in your brain.
- Try to get out what are they and write them on a paper. Then plan how and when you will crack the problems so that you can calm down now.
Best Yoga Asana For Mind Concentration
Get a good place to study
- An open place or a close room, terrace or garden? Anything that works for you will be well. Be sure that the place is relaxed (for studying, not sleeping)
- If you want to study in your room, then try to keep you area fresh. A clean and fresh room is an ultimate spot for studying.
Get you study table cleaned and organized
- A clean and structured study table will encourage you to study
- Clean your study board. Make it free of unnecessary things.
- Try to keep only book and copies related to your course
- Keep all essential things related to your study on the table such as pencil, eraser, scale, pen stand, marker, and highlighter, scissor, etc.
Effective Time Table For Studies
Be confident that you have enough time to study
- You should have at least half an hour to study for the reason that if you don't have adequate time to study then a feeling might strike you that you can't study anything in just 10 minutes or 20 minutes.
- Make a study timetable. Try to follow it each day until it becomes a habit so that you'll repeatedly get in a mood to study every day on time!
Tips To Boost Your Motivation and Mood
- Have a study partner. It will be fun to study with someone but be sure not to have so much fun that you don't study.
- Set small targets and accomplish them one by one. By doing this, you can study big chapters in small parts which will be easier.
- Consider studying before something you like to do. For example, if you like to watch a particular TV show, you can study before it. It will be fun as you know what is waiting for you after you study!
- Search about your topics on internet and you may find them to be very interesting and get in a mood to study!
- Always first list the topics you want to study. Try to complete them in the decided time.
- Highlight or note down the important points mentioned by the teacher, because it will help you while studying. Just don't write, say, your Spanish points in the Maths book and vice versa. It will confuse you.
- Give yourself a treat on completing a chapter. So that you may want to complete another chapter soon.
- Have self confidence which comes from hard work. Keep your base strong and your mind open to learn new things. How can you confidently say,"I can learn Algebra." without knowing 1,2,3.. So make your base strong first so that you will always be in a mood to learn new thing.
Something That You Should Put An Eye On


text:
Keen On…Top Dogs: What Finger Length Tells Us About Entrepreneurial Success
Success can be determined by measuring the length of our index finger in comparison to our ring finger, Bronson told me about the research behind Top Dog. But that's not the only conclusion about success that Bronson revealed. Riffing off Malcolm Gladwell's Outliers, Bronson explained the science of winning and losing, thereby rendering the legendary intuition of venture… Read More
Apple is the most successful brand, says international marketers
A recent poll of 2,000 international online marketers has revealed that Apple is the most successful brand in the world. Virgin, Google, Coca-Cola and Nike were right behind Apple in the polling that asked marketers which brands they wanted to sit next to at a dinner party and which would be the most successful in the future, among others. Apple took home six of the 10 categories while… Read More


text:
Toyota Hungarian Grand Prix Technical Preview - Pascal Vasselon Q+A Q: First of all Pascal, your neck brace. Will it be gone by Hungary? Pascal Vasselon: I hope so! I woke up on Friday morning at Silverstone with this pain in the neck. The...
Toyota Hungarian Grand Prix Technical Preview - Pascal Vasselon Q+A
Q: First of all Pascal, your neck brace. Will it be gone by Hungary?
Pascal Vasselon: I hope so! I woke up on Friday morning at Silverstone with this pain in the neck. The root cause is an old judo injury. When I was younger I damaged muscles around the spine many times. I have one vertebra which moves too easily and over the last 20 years I'd say I've had a stiff neck around 30 times. Usually it lasts just a day or two and then the vertebra goes back into place. But this time it just got worse and worse. I had a scan and found out that this time it was herniated. Probably these things get worse with age!
Q: Did you do compete at judo to a high level?
PV: Well, to national level in France actually, when I was 17 or 18. I stopped because of injuries as the risk was not compatible any more with my studies. It is a really aggressive sport -- good preparation for F1! When you train and compete intensively you get injured several times per year.
Q: You lost out in the Nurburgring lottery but how strong were you pre-race?
PV: It was looking similar to Silverstone, which was one of our best weekends in terms of outright pace when you look at qualifying and Ralf's race speed. We were actually a bit disappointed in qualifying at the Nurburgring. We were expecting to fight for sixth place and we failed, not by a lot but we were hoping to do better. The pace was there, the set-up work was going well and we had a clear direction. We thought we would be ahead of Renault and Red Bull.
Q: How different a challenge is Budapest?
PV: At the Nurburgring we used medium-high downforce and in Budapest it is very high downforce because the average speed is low. In Hungary you can really add downforce and gain lap time even if you bring quite a lot of drag. You tend to gain more from downforce than you lose from drag. This circuit has low efficiency requirements.
Q: How much factory resource do you allocate to such a specific set-up?
PV: You always try to make the best use of your resources and it would be silly to allocate a big percentage for one race, so they are allocated according to the percentage of races done with a given downforce package. We know pretty much in advance at which downforce/drag window we will operate and then we allocate resources according to the number of races in that window.
Q: The final part of the lap is quicker now. Has that impacted on cooling at all?
PV: Hungary is one of the places where, effectively, we have cooling problems for the brakes and engine. Not because it's a high braking energy circuit or because there is a lot of full-throttle running, it is because the average speed is low, which simply means the cooling is low. So yes, as soon as you speed up part of the circuit you reduce that a little but in terms of average speed it was not a massive step. It is still a low average speed and so typically you expect some cooling problems, especially from the engine side because usually the ambient temperature is quite high. That doesn't affect brake cooling because the temperatures are so much higher but with engine cooling the average speed and the ambient temperature at Budapest needs managing. It brings us towards the highest engine cooling level.
Q: What did last year's unusually low ambient temperature mean for you?
PV: Last year was really interesting and challenging and with a full dry weekend could have been a very good weekend for Toyota. We had made a different tyre choice compared to the others. Budapest is usually hot and you gain quite a lot by going with a soft compound tyre because of the nature of the asphalt -- it has very low micro roughness which means low grip. But last year the very soft compound was graining and so we decided to go a good step harder than the others. And then the weather was much cooler so the soft compound, which was relying on a relatively high minimum surface temperature to survive, was totally out of the picture. With our tyre choice we were looking quite good but then in the race we had rain and couldn't take advantage.
Q: What do you think of Hungaroring as a circuit?
PV: The tracks are a bit like the regulations -- we all face the same conditions and you just have to do the best preparation you can. But I suppose if you were analysing the enthusiasm factor, probably Budapest would not rank with Spa. But it has generated some good races. In 2003, on a track known for how difficult it is to overtake, Ralf span in the first lap, restarted at the back of the field and finished fourth!
-credit: toyota


text:
LOOK: How Freelancers Imagined the New Nokia 3310
We asked freelancers to help us visualize how the iconic Nokia 3310 would look like
I need an Android app. I already have a design for it, I just need it to be built.
Hi guys am Looking for simple mobile app for my online
I am looking for a programmer have good idea abut c++ i have tools that unlock sim lock for nokia with usb but this tools requeste key from server to autorisation unlocking any one here can extract the source code and Programs this tools to worcking from my side
Hi venkat07157, I noticed your profile and would like to offer you my project. We can discuss any details over chat.
Hi venkat07157, I noticed your profile and would like to offer you my project. We can discuss any details over chat.
When I try to print I get the following message 'Printhead problem - printhead damaged' I have cleaned the contacts and replaced the print cartridges but problem persists. I have contacted HP Support but they say spare parts for HP 5510 are no longer obtainable.
It is simple part time work u can also do it full time. Need Fast typing speed. There is not fix timing u can work in morning or evening or night whenever u want, My project is very simple and in this project i need those person who can type fast .In this project you have to simply type material which one in image file into notepad . its approximate 250 Pages and each Page contain 35-40 lines. pl...
Hi guys, I need someone who is a cellphone freak to magically enable whatsapp to work on my Nokia700 with Symbian s60 OS. It just stopped working, because they don't support my phone anymore. This phone is ultimate for me, so I want someone to patch it somehow. In your bid please tell me generally what will your plan be to solve this problem.
We asked freelancers to help us visualize how the iconic Nokia 3310 would look like
Do you often find yourself stuck in the wheel of sales? Here's how you come out of it as a manufacturing company.
This article explains the steps smartphone users can take to keep themselves safe from hackers and malicious software.


text:
Pendle Council's Executive will be asked to agree to write off unpaid debts totalling more than half a million pounds when it meets on Thursday.
The debts being written off comprise £182,085 from unpaid council tax, £310,975 in unpaid business rates and £31,755 in overpayments of housing benefit.
The council makes allowances for what's known as "bad debt" in its annual budget.
Coun. Linda Crossley, who leads on financial matters in Pendle, said: "It's never a happy decision when we agree to writing off any debt to the council.
"We have robust procedures in place for collecting debts and only consider writing off debts after taking all possible steps to collect them and where it's not economically viable to continue pursuing them.
"However if, in future, we get information that could lead to the recovery of previously written-off debt, we will try to recover it.
"In fact, since April 1st, 2013, we've identified people whose debts had been previously written off and are now seeking to recover around £36,400."
Among the recommendations for write-off are 241 cases of unpaid council tax. Most of these people have disappeared without trace, despite the council's continued efforts to find them.
In the current financial year, the council expects to collect £36.8m. in Council Tax. The recommended write-off amount of council tax is less than 0.5% of this.
Sixty two cases of unpaid business rates make up the £310,975 recommended for write-off. The majority of these – 51 – are the result of business insolvency.


text:
Published at Thursday, April 20, 2017, 02:48:47 by Afrodille Dubois in Kitchen Accessories, with total 36 drawings.
This vegetable slicer similar most kitchen appliances is mostly created of plastic. This possesses its both superiorities as well as disadvantages. If a spiral slicer falls off the kitchen stage or the table, it can grow breaks. Breaks can also occur if it is controlled under high load. Some users in their hunt to churn out long attractive threads from the spiral slicer exert a good amount of load or rotate the control at high speed. This can create the whole component unstable guiding to a fall also breakage. However, since it is created from plastic, it is simple to wash.
The spiral slicer can continue for many years. Regular washing ritual assists lengthen the lifespan of the slicer. Remaining your spiral slicer in best condition is essential to assist you dishing out well or beautiful salads for your family or purchasers.
How To Preserve Steelwire
An outer figure of the food slicer can be washed utilizing a wet cloth. Mild soaps can be utilized to wash the slices gently. Keep it below running nuke water is considerable to wash every nook in-conjunction with bend of the spiralizer. Inspect that no food slices are left interior the slicer. Slicing blades can be washed with a wet cloth obeyed by drying them also a dry cloth. Unclean low excellence blades plus blades remained wet for a long time can corrode in the long run. Control blades carefully while washing.
One of the often utilized kitchen apparatuses is a spiral slicer. Diverse vegetables similar cucumber, also squash, with zucchini can be carved in book manners within seconds by applying a spiral vegetable slicer. Considering the reality that a vegetable slicer would price not additional than 50 dollars, it is creating its attendance in additional kitchens around the world.
Copyright © 2018 PRUCC. Simple Kitchen Designs. All Rights Reserved.
DISCLAIMER: All wallpapers and backgrounds found here are believed to be in the "public domain". Most of the images displayed are of unknown origin. We do not intend to infringe any legitimate intellectual right, artistic rights or copyright. If you are the rightful owner of any of the pictures/wallpapers posted here, and you do not want it to be displayed or if you require a suitable credit, then please contact us and we will immediately do whatever is needed either for the image to be removed or provide credit where it is due. All the content of this site are do not gain any financial benefit from the downloads of any images/wallpaper.


text:
AfriGeneas Genealogy and History Forum
Batice Swayne & Caroline Hurt
In Response To: Re: Perry County AL Marriage Data ()
It seems to me that Batice was probably the property at one time of John Swayne because both Batice Swayne and Caroline Hurt were both in their 20's at the time of marriage and of consenting age. I have not found anything to substantiate this yet though.
Bring us up to date Simone!
Messages In This Thread


text:
October 25, 2012
Renewable Energy Use Up, Overall Energy Down In 2011
Brett Smith for redOrbit.com - Your Universe Online
As Americans consumed less energy last year than the year before, that energy was--more than ever before--generated by renewable energy sources, according to a series of flow charts released by the federally funded Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.The laboratory said that a shift to more energy efficient technologies in the transportation and residential sectors was behind the drop in energy consumption, from 98 quadrillion BTUs, or quads, used in 2010 to 97.3 quads in 2011.
Meanwhile, the wind power sector saw the biggest jump in energy production, up from .92 quads in 2010 to 1.17 quads in 2011.
"Wind energy jumped significantly because, as in previous years, many new wind farms came online," said A.J. Simon, an LLNL energy systems analyst who develops the flow charts using the Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration data. "This is the result of sustained investment in wind power."
The nation also saw an increase in hydroelectric power, which jumped from 2.51 quads in 2010 up to 3.17 quads in 2011. According to the LLNL, this was likely the result of heavy rains throughout much of last year that drove the generators at hydroelectric dams while maintaining a full water reservoir. The laboratory cited several previous wet years as evidence of this phenomenon.
The drop in energy consumption was tied directly to less use of fossil fuels, according to the LLNL charts. The fall in coal usage was particularly dramatic, from 20.8 quads in 2010 to 19.7 in 2011. Oil usage fell slightly and the use of natural gas bumped up incrementally from 24.6 to 24.9 quads.
"Sustained low natural gas prices have prompted a shift from coal to gas in the electricity generating sector," Simon said. "Sustained high oil prices have likely driven the decline in oil use over the past 5 years as people choose to drive less and purchase automobiles that get more miles per gallon."
The majority of these energy sources, about 39.2 quads, were used for electricity generation. Transportation, commercial, residential and industrial sectors consumed the remaining 58.1 quads that were used in 2011.
Simon also noted that many economic and supply forces are at work in the energy sector and these could have an effect on future uses of these energy sources.
"With the advent of shale gas, it appears that natural gas prices in the United States may remain lower than their historical averages for many years into the future," he said. "This has prompted many gas users in the industrial and electricity generating sector to switch from coal or oil to natural gas when it is technically possible, but might not have been economical at higher gas prices."


text:
Tyler County lies in the northwestern region of West Virginia in the Ohio River Valley. It is bordered on the west by the Ohio River, — and Monroe County, Ohio — on the north by Wetzel County, on the east by Doddridge County, and on the southeast and south by Ritchie and Pleasants counties. Prior to the formation of the state of West Virginia on June 20th in 1863, Tyler County was a county in the state of Virginia.
Tyler County was formed from Ohio County on December 6, 1814. It was named for John Tyler who was the governor of Virginia from 1808 to 1811. Subsequently, the entirety of Wetzel (1846) and parts of Doddridge (1845) and Pleasants (1851) counties were formed from the territory of Tyler.
The first county seat was Sistersville. The courts met at the homes of various individuals. In 1816 the county seat was moved to Middlebourne. In 1818 the first jail was built in Middlebourne, but the courts continued to be held in private homes. In 1822 the first courthouse was built on part of the the site where the present one stands. It was torn down and a new courthouse constructed in 1854. That building was completely renovated in 1922, resulting in the courthouse that is now in use.
Tyler County has an area of 261 square miles and the population as of 2000 was 9,592. The largest inland stream is Middle Island Creek (pictured above.) This stream is 77 miles in length and transverses Doddridge, Tyler and Pleasants Counties, where it enters the Ohio River. A unique feature occurs in Tyler County, where the creek flows in a 7 mile bend that causes it to return to within 100 feet of where the bend starts. This effectively forms a peninsula and the area is known as "The Jug" because the shape of the creek resembles a jug handle.
The main highways are State Routes 2, 18, 23, and 74. Incorporated towns include Middlebourne, Sistersville, Paden City, and Friendly. There are numerous unincorporated communities, some of which are: Adonis, Alma, Alvy, Bearsville, Blue, Falls Mills, Frew, Josephs Mills, Kidwell, Lima, Little, Mountain, Pursley, Shiloh, Shirley, Tyler City, Wick, and Wilbur.
Contact information:
Webmaster Roy Weekley
History of this website:
Linda Cheek was the first site manager and coordinated Tyler
County from 1996-1998. She was followed by David Buck
(1999-2004) and Christina Hunt (2004-2007).
This site was updated on:
June 5, 2009
Copyright Notice and Terms of Use
All material contained in
these pages is for the private use of individual researchers
and remains the property of the submitters. Publishing
this material in any form without the consent of the author
or the Webmaster or using it in any commercial venture is
strictly prohibited.


text:
Wholesale Information
Rikki Rikki USA offers all its' brands in one gallon sized containers for wholesale. We are always striving to create and introduce new sauces, marinades and dressings to the market and will produce product under your label. For more information on custom blends, co-packaging or private label opportunities, please call us at (866) 707-4554.


text:
2nd Annual First Coast Y Pickleball Tournament
Calling all PASSIONATE PICKLEBALL PLAYERS (and those who would like to learn more about the "Fastest Growing Sport in America")! Join the Y for the 2nd Annual First Coast Y Pickleball Tournament, where we would love to have you as a player or spectator! The divisions include men's doubles, women's doubles and mixed doubles in our indoor facility. The tournament is a "open age," round robin format. Medals will be awarded to the winners. A commemorative Pickleball t-shirt and a "goodie grab bag" are included with the registration fee for players. Lunch provided on Saturday, snacks and drinks will also be provided during the tournament.
Registration is only $20 for Y members and $30 for non-members. If you register for two divisions, then registration is half price for the team or individual. We look forward to seeing you at this inaugural event, and don't forget to bring your Pickleball Fever!
Friday, June 2nd | 4 pm – 8 pm (Women's Division)
Saturday, June 3rd | 9 am – 3 pm (Mixed Doubles)
Sunday, June 4th | 9 am -1 pm (Men's Division)
Register Online or at any First Coast YMCA location.
For more information, email Devon Landers at firstname.lastname@example.com or call 904.265-1775.


text:
A soft cloud of cashmere gives flair to the winter version of AGL's ANNA BAG. The maxi zippers and mini chain strap make this clutch unique and practical.
Cashmere clutch. Metal chain and removable calfskin strap.
Inner lining in fabric with AGL logo on leather insert. Clasp with maxi zipper and hidden magnetic button.
Dimensions 25x15
UE: within 5 working days from receiving the order.
Extra UE: within 8 working days from receiving the order.
Click here for details on shipping times.
If you are not satisfied with your purchase you have 14 days from the order reception date to return purchased products.
Regular Price:
Regular Price:


text:
Manufacturer: Burson Audio
No other headphone amp offers as much power with so few components in the signal path as the Soloist. Conventional headphone amplifier designs use IC op-amps in the signal path.
Since each op-amp contains over 50 low-quality components, most of them not even required for audio playback, these packed-together chips distort the audio signal, it's in their nature.
The Soloist is perfectly tailored with a symmetrical current feedback circuit with only 21 components in the signal path explaining the wonderful sound.
Burson's oversize transformers and power supplies deliver pure class-A peak driving power, a muscular 4Wpc into 16 ohms. To achieve the same specification most conventional designs settle for a 24 watt transformer. Burson understands the difference between burst and sustained power so you'll find a custom 35VA transformer ensuring the Soloist is capable of a sustained 4 watts at all times.
The Soloist power supply is built around a custom noise-filtering network employing twice as many filtering stages as most conventional designs resulting in superior noise rejection. That's why the Soloist delivers such clean and stable power with beautiful music emerging from a pitch-black background.
The entire CNC-machined and polished aluminium enclosure functions an super-efficient heatsink. Find out why Burson customers call it "The Vault".
Burson's Variable Output Stage (VOS) enables the Soloist to perfectly match any headphone or speaker system ensuring synergy as your system evolves through time.
Our super-accurate 24-step attenuator features 99% matched resistors for a stable and 3 dimensional soundstage.
It's Burson for a Lavish Musical Experience.
Input impedance: 36.5 KOhmsFrequency response: ± 1 dB 0 – 50KhzSignal to noise ratio: >96dBTHD: <0.03% at 30ohm with 1W ouput Channel separation: >73dBOutput power: 4W at 16 OhmsInput impedance: >8K Ohm @ 1WOutput impedance (Headphone Amp): 3 OhmOutput impedance (Line Level): 30 OhmPower dissipation: 25W internal, regulated power supply
Inputs3 x gold plated RCA (line level input)
1 x headphone jacks 6.35mm1 x RCA Pre Amp output
1 x Soloist Headphone amp / Pre-Amp1 x Power cable1 x RCA pair input cable1 x User Manual (including 24 months warranty registration information)
Weight: app. 4.5 kgColour: silver anodized aluminiumDimensions: 180 mm x 255 mm x 80 mm
Very nicely built amplifier and sounds great powering my Audeze LCD 3's
Was this helpful to you? Yes / No
1 of 1 people found this review helpful.
Customers who bought this item also bought:
Home > Hi Fi > DACS > Burson Audio DACs


text:
Adahmeve (uh-'
-meev) - male-female marriage
Adahmeve Marriage
Formal marital union of a man and a woman
In the words of Jesus Christ, "But from the beginning of the creation God made them
male and female. . . . What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder."
(Mark 10: 6 & 9, KJV) What would the Savior say to government officials who rob
their societies of the original meaning of the word "marriage," leaving people with no
word specific to the husband-wife relationship? Thank God that we now have a word
that takes the place of the original meaning: "
," pronounced
Marriage between a man and a woman now has a word for that relationship, a word
that does not refer to any other licensed or un-licensed union:
. For millions
of English speakers, this can replace "marriage" when referring to the formal union
of a man and a woman in wedlock, regardless of how governments may grant licenses,
regardless of same-gender relationships, and regardless of legal battles. We now again
have one word that refers to that traditional family relationship. It deserves a word.
Copyright 2013, 2014
Jonathan David Whitcomb
The verb is "admeve," pronounced uhd-'
. Examples: They admeved in June; that minister
admeves couples but does not marry with same-gender; churches are still admeving traditionally.)
See the official site that promotes the use of this word for
traditional marriage