text: Trust Us to Make a Difference: Ensuring Public Confidence in the Integrity of Clinical ResearchCohen, Jordan J. MDAcademic Medicine: February 2001 - Volume 76 - Issue 2 - p 209–214 Aamc Paper Abstract Author Information Article Outline Investigator's and institutions' financial conflicts of interest in clinical research raise serious questions about the objectivity of such research, the safety of human subjects, and the threat to public trust in the integrity of clinical research. Yet the author makes clear that a conflict of interest is a state of affairs, not a behavior, and therefore not automatically a manifestation of improper actions. Indeed, conflicts of interest are quite common in complex settings such as those of academic medicine, and usually pose no problem, both because of the safeguards already in place and the integrity of most researchers. But it is clear that both non-financial conflicts of interest (e.g., career advancement, peer recognition, garnering grants and publications) and financial ones are double-edged: they can motivate individuals to do their best work but also can compromise judgment and undermine objectivity. In particular, conflicts of interest involving money, especially money from external sources, warrant special, targeted safeguards. And whether or not such conflicts of interest have actually created significant problems, academic medicine risks great peril if its leaders fail to respond to the growing perception that such problems exist. To foster public trust, the public needs to be better educated about how, with proper safeguards, limited financial incentives in the conduct of clinical research can benefit everyone. In addition, safeguards against the downsides of such financial incentives must be visibly strengthened. The author offers eight suggestions for what academic medicine's leaders might do in this regard (comply with existing full-disclosure requirements; establish principles governing institutional conflicts of interest; etc.). He closes by reiterating that the pursuit of clinical research depends entirely on the ability and willingness of the research community to merit public trust. This is a slightly edited version of Dr. Cohen's President's Address, presented at the plenary session of the 111th Annual Meeting of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), held in Chicago, Ilinois, October 27-November 1, 2000. Dr. Cohen is president of the AAMC, Washington, D.C. Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr. Cohen at the AAMC, 2450 N Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037. Abstract UNDERSTANDING CONFLICTS OF INTEREST A Definition Financial Conflicts of Interest Existing Safeguards Continuing Difficulties FOSTERING PUBLIC TRUST Educating the Public about Research Benefit Strengthening Safeguards: Eight Suggestions REFERENCES Headlines across the country electrify the nation almost daily with promises of a healthier tomorrow. Medical research is enjoying a golden age, making earth-shattering discoveries at a remarkable clip, and the public and policy-makers are responding enthusiastically. Support from private donors and public coffers alike is at an all-time high. Who could doubt that researchers at America's medical schools and teaching hospitals are on the side of the angels? But what about those other headlines? The ones suggesting that those angelic investigators sometimes have devilish motives—motives stemming from a personal financial stake in their research; motives that are in direct conflict with their duties as disinterested scientists and responsible physicians? These latter headlines are raising some worrisome questions for all of us. Do financial conflicts of interest pose a threat to the objectivity of clinical research? Do they pose a threat to the safety of human subjects who participate in clinical research? Do they pose a threat to public trust in the integrity of clinical research? If the answer to any one of these questions is "yes," we should indeed worry, and worry a lot. I plan to address each of these concerns, but before I begin, I want to give you readers a homework assignment. Knowing that this topic—financial conflicts of interest in clinical research—is much too complicated for me to do justice to here, I urge you to go back and reread the AAMC's Guidelines for Dealing with Faculty Conflicts of Commitment and Conflicts of Interest in Research. Although published ten years ago, this monograph remains highly relevant and offers an excellent primer on the subject. The full text is available on our Web site at 〈http://www.aamc.org/〉, and copies are still in print.1 Back to Top | Article Outline UNDERSTANDING CONFLICTS OF INTEREST A Definition For now, though, let's begin with some definitions, starting with the term conflict of interest itself. All students of the subject agree that the term denotes a state of affairs, not a kind of behavior. This distinction is extremely important because it means that having a conflict of interest is not, ipso facto, a manifestation of improper behavior, much less scientific misconduct. Never mind that media reports on the subject often leave the impression that any investigator who has a conflict of interest of any kind is thereby guilty of, at the very least, bias, if not outright fraud. Quite the contrary, conflicts of interest are commonplace—ubiquitous, in fact, in complex settings such as those of academic medicine. We all have them, as do a growing number of our institutions. A conflict of interest exists whenever an individual or an institution has a primary allegiance that requires certain actions and, simultaneously, has a secondary interest that (1) could abrogate that primary allegiance and (2) is sufficiently tempting to raise a reasonable possibility that it might actually do so. Hence, a conflict of interest is like potential energy; it has the capacity to cause something to happen, but until unleashed, is simply a lurking presence. For an investigator, a conflict of interest exists when the prospect of some personal advantage is strong enough to pose a realistic possibility that he or she might compromise the researcher's primary obligation to adhere to sound scientific procedures in an unbiased search for the truth. Back to Top | Article Outline Financial Conflicts of Interest Do conflicts of interest involving money pose any more of a threat to scientific objectivity than do those involving non-financial interests? What about one's self interest in career advancement, or in being recognized by peers, or in garnering the next National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant, or in publishing one's work in leading journals? Each of these non-financial interests poses its own temptation and, thus, can come into conflict with a researcher's primary commitment to maintain scientific objectivity, no matter what. Like money, non-financial self-interests are double-edged. They have great potential to motivate individuals to do their very best work. But we know that they also have the potential to compromise judgment and undermine objectivity. Scientific objectivity is at perpetual risk from any investigator who has a strong desire for affirmative research results—whether it's to validate one's preconceptions, or to make one's data more publishable, or to garner praise from one's colleagues. The challenge to investigators has always been to recognize that keeping one's own interests in check is the very essence of academic integrity. But I think we need to go further here. I would argue that conflicts of interest involving money, especially money from external sources, are distinctly different from all other potential conflicts, and thus warrant at least a consideration of the need for special, targeted safeguards. ▪ First is the fact that external financial interests are discretionary. As Kassirer and Angell2 have noted, no faculty member is obliged to enter into an external relationship that promises material gain. In each case, a choice is made whether to do so or not. By contrast, pursuing academic advancement is not optional for any faculty member who wishes to remain in good standing. ▪ Second, external financial interests are, in general, quite easy to quantify. Unlike the qualitative incentives at play within the academic advancement game, dollar values can be readily assigned to calibrate the magnitudes of most external financial incentives. ▪ Third, external financial interests are very easy for the public to understand. Everyone understands money and its ability to motivate—as a stimulus to do good works, as well as a lure to wander from the straight and narrow. By contrast, the non-financial sources of self-interest under which faculty labor are largely invisible to the general public and, even when on display, are well accepted as being intrinsic to the academic culture. ▪ Fourth, the economic interests of many universities, which create both opportunities and explicit incentives for faculty to pursue financial ends, have fostered an atmosphere quite distinct from that of yesteryear, when universities and their faculties were expected to pursue knowledge only for knowledge's sake—as an end in itself. But passage of the Bayh-Dole Act in 1980 and the prospects of substantial revenues from patentable discoveries have induced many ivory tower institutions to eagerly embrace the commercial world, especially when other sources of funds fall short of what is needed to support many promising research opportunities. ▪ And finally, for many if not most people, the prospect of making a lot of money legally from one's own intellectual effort is simply irresistible. "Threadbare and genteel" may have a noble ring to it. But, we are all brought up—certainly in this country—to believe that wealth is a legitimate reward for anyone who can devise a product or service that people deem valuable. In this respect financial self-interest operates in quite a different realm of the human psyche than does the more cultivated desire for academic distinction, even though that distinction typically brings some financial rewards along with it. Back to Top | Article Outline Existing Safeguards Well, you say, what's the worry? So, conflicts of interest are an unavoidable part of faculty life. So, financial interests carry a special warning label. So what? You're right, none of this means that we necessarily have anything to worry about. And you're right if you say that we already have safeguards in place to minimize inadvertent error as well as any willful abuse that might stem from self-interest of any kind. The first line of defense as far as scientific objectivity is concerned is, of course, the scientific method itself. By calling for such precautions as proper controls, double-blind designs, and independent replication of key research findings, the architects of our time-honored scientific methodology meant expressly to minimize the influence of investigator bias on research results. But even more important, in my view, is the intrinsic goodness of most people, certainly of those who select medical research as a career. Most investigators I know are highly ethical individuals—individuals who are strongly motivated by altruistic ideals. They want primarily to do good, and only secondarily to do well. Their instinctive bias toward integrity has, over the years, given rise to a set of powerful ethical norms to which our community manifestly aspires. Many of those norms have been institutionalized and constitute still another set of safeguards that are evident in the peer-review processes employed by journal and granting agencies. Additionally, in the case of commercially sponsored research, we have the daunting series of regulatory hurdles that must be cleared before a new drug or device can be brought to market. The financial consequences—to say nothing of the ruined reputations—from running afoul of the oversights provided by the approval processes of the Food and Drug Administration, for example, exert enormous discipline on all investigators involved in clinical trials, especially the large number that require multi-center cooperation. Back to Top | Article Outline Continuing Difficulties Nevertheless, as Bodenheimer3 and several others4–6 have documented, published reports of industry-supported drug trials are much more likely to favor the study drug over conventional therapy than is the case for non-industry-supported trials. In addition, some industry sponsors have clearly sought to inhibit free exchange and prompt and uncensored publication of research findings, thereby undermining a fundamental tenet of sound science. Thus, despite the safeguards currently in place, I think we do need to worry about the threat posed by external financial interests to objectivity in the conduct of clinical research. And what about the second worry I raised at the outset? Should we worry that financial conflicts of interest are threatening the safety of human subjects who participate in clinical research? This is the worry, of course, underlying those headlines that burst on the scene in the aftermath of the unexpected deaths last year of patients enrolled in gene therapy trials. Media reports of those events are still reverberating throughout the country, and certainly in Washington. Whether journalists intended it or not, their reports left the strong impression in many people's minds that investigators with a financial stake in the outcome of their research had exercised faulty judgment and had placed their human subjects at unnecessary risk. Reasonable questions were raised about whether the investigators had adhered fully to established inclusion criteria in selecting patients for their trials. Other questions were raised about whether the investigators had divulged all of the relevant facts to prospective subjects during the informed consent process. People differ, of course, as to whether the evidence supporting these speculations rises to the level of certainty. But is that the point? Are we supposed to wait for irrefutable evidence that some patient died because an investigator with a financial conflict of interest was so blinded by greed that he or she failed to do all that could have been done to prevent the death? Or does the understandable public perception that such a nightmare is possible necessitate action now? Which brings me to my third worry. Should we worry that financial conflicts of interest are posing a threat to public trust in the integrity of clinical research? Not just in the all-important matter of human-subjects protection, but as well in the more mundane matters of trustworthy research results, of valid conclusions, of reliable advice about prevention and treatment of disease? I confess that I do not know whether it's happened yet—whether all of the allegations to date relating to financial entanglements of clinical investigators have, in aggregate, eroded public confidence in the enterprise. Perhaps we can take some comfort from the dozens of patient advocacy groups that willingly signed on to our proclamation to Capitol Hill last year reaffirming the shared commitment of patients and investigators to the ethical conduct of research.7 And from recent polls indicating that 95% of Americans still think that clinical research is critical for finding cures. Although we may be heartened by these reflections of today's level of public trust, I'm not persuaded to sit tight. The issue for me is the future. I needn't belabor what's at stake here. Public trust is what fuels public support for medical research. Whether that research is funded by the the National Science Foundation, the Department of Defense, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, or, for that matter, by some commercial enterprise, the ultimate source of the funds is the public. Imagine how willing the public and their representatives would be—let's say—to double the NIH budget if serious concern were widespread that financial interests on the part of university investigators biased their research, warping the results in their favor at the expense of objectivity. Imagine also how eager most patients would be to enroll in clinical trials if they became convinced that they were merely a means to their doctor's financial ends. And then imagine how proud you would be to be part of an enterprise viewed by the public with skepticism and mistrust rather than with the admiration and esteem such enterprises now enjoy. So, whether or not external financial interests have resulted in an actual degrading of sound scientific practices; and whether or not financial interests have actually jeopardized the safety of human research subjects; and whether or not financial interests have actually caused some slippage in the public's confidence in what we do, we risk great peril if we fail to respond to the growing perception that financial conflicts of interest have gotten out of control. A perception, I would remind you, that is shared by Congress and by the Department of Health and Human Services. Back to Top | Article Outline FOSTERING PUBLIC TRUST Educating the Public about Research Benefit If we are to maintain that all-important trust, it seems to me that two kinds of responses are called for. The first is to better educate the public about how, with proper safeguards, limited financial incentives in the conduct of clinical research can work to the benefit of everyone. The other is to visibly strengthen those safeguards so that we can, with confidence, assure everyone that our financial conflicts of interest are being managed effectively. First, the benefits. The public's interest is clearly served by ensuring that research discoveries are translated efficiently into beneficial products and services. The explosive growth in the availability of such new products and services since enactment of Bayh-Dole evidences the powerful catalytic role that financial incentives can play, at least at the institutional level. However much one might lament the commercial entanglements that inevitably accompany the close partnerships between universities and industry, one must concede that technology transfer has been greatly accelerated in the process. I believe people would have an easier time putting the matter of financial conflicts of interest in perspective if there were broader public understanding of this benefit. Back to Top | Article Outline Strengthening Safeguards: Eight Suggestions But, as important as a better-informed public might be, our more urgent task in bolstering public confidence is to visibly strengthen our safeguards against the downsides of external financial interests. I have eight suggestions for what we might do. I offer them not as a definitive set of initiatives, but as a starting point to provoke continued discussion: Comply with existing full-disclosure requirements. Virtually everyone agrees that the first essential step in managing financial conflicts is full disclosure of any material interests that might bias one's judgment in the conduct of research. Current federal requirements call for filing financial conflict-of-interest statements at least annually with one's institution. Evidence suggests, however, that compliance with these requirements in some institutions, is falling short. Job one, therefore, is to ensure uniform adherence to this most basic principle so that all potential conflicts are subject to review and so that appropriate action can be taken when needed. Incorporate disclosure of financial interests in the informed consent process for human subjects research. I agree with those who argue that the cognizant institutional review board, or some other appropriate body, should determine when and to what extent such disclosure is warranted. The general principle here is that patients deserve to know about an investigator's relevant financial interests before agreeing to participate in human-subjects research. I am aware that strong arguments exist against this recommendation. Concerns about the privacy rights of investigators, about raising unnecessary fears in prospective volunteers, about confusing patients rather than truly informing them, and about how such disclosure might actually weaken rather than strengthen trust in one's physician. These are legitimate concerns. But not as compelling, in my view, as the consequences of not disclosing. Consider, for example, the damage to public confidence of having undisclosed financial interests come to light only after a tragic adverse event has occurred. Whatever the potential disadvantage of prospective disclosure, avoiding that nightmare, it seems to me, is more than worth it. But the clincher for me is that prospective disclosure of relevant financial interests is simply the right thing to do. Truth telling is, after all, a fundamental virtue of our profession. Regularize the policies and strengthen the procedures we use to manage financial conflicts of interest. Institutions receiving federal research support are required to have written policies and procedures for determining whether a conflict of interest exists and, if so, for determining how such a conflict should be managed, reduced, or eliminated, as well as for sanctioning faculty who violate institutional rules. The precise nature of those policies and procedures, however, has been left, so far, largely to local discretion rather than to dictates handed down by the feds. As a result, not surprisingly, the ways in which these matters are handled across the country are highly variable. Compounding the variability among institutions is the inconsistency with which many individual institutions appear to apply their own policies. Processes as variable as those currently in place to manage financial conflicts of interest breed cynicism not only among members of the public but within our own community, as well. One clear way for us to signal our eagerness to address public concern about financial conflicts of interest is to agree voluntarily to abide by a common set of principles for managing those conflicts. We need to develop a consensus about how to determine when an individual investigator's significant financial interest is acceptable, when it needs monitoring, and when it is unallowable. We also need a consensus about what sanctions are appropriate for various kinds of infractions of conflict-of-interest policies. To help forge the needed consensus, and to address several related matters that I'll mention in a moment, I have just appointed a new AAMC task force on conflicts of interest, to be chaired by Dr. William Danforth, former chancellor of Washington University. Its first assignment will be to recast and extend the AAMC's existing and time-honored conflict-of-interest guidelines as a set of contemporary principles that can become a charter of accountability for our community in dealing with these matters. Critical to the success of this task force will be broad representation from inside and outside the academic medicine community, and especially from our patient partners in the research enterprise. Equally critical to its success will be close communication with university presidents, who bear responsibility for managing conflicts of interest across all academic sectors. You may know that the Association of American Universities (AAU), which represents 61 of our major research institutions, has formed its own task force to examine these issues in that larger context. We have been working and will continue to work closely with the AAU on these matters. But, given the special circumstances and exquisite sensitivities surrounding conflicts of interest in human-subjects research, we are the ones who must take responsibility for this high-stakes arena—take responsibility, in other words, for fulfilling the medical profession's obligation to regulate itself. Gather the experts. One group that we have not engaged sufficiently to assist us in strengthening our self-regulatory safeguard is the legion of highly ethical clinical investigators on our faculties who are conducting impeccable science while maintaining significant financial ties with for-profit enterprises. Such individuals are arguably in the best position to help us all understand the nature of the temptations they and their colleagues experience, as well as the means they rely upon to hold those temptations in check. We would be remiss not to enlist their help in crafting meaningful and sensitive measures for optimizing the benefits of financial incentives while minimizing the threats. Our new task force also will include ample representation from this knowledgeable group. Seek agreement on upper limits for allowable financial interests. Variation among institutions with respect to the allowable upper level of external financial interest is enormous, ranging from stringent ceilings on investments and on income from consulting, at one end of the spectrum, to the complete absence of limits, at the other end. Limitless financial entanglements in commercial entities interested in one's own research, no matter how fully and widely disclosed, constitute a brazen assault on public confidence in university science. The public's willingness to believe in the objectivity of academic research has understandable limits. So, too, should a faculty member's financial involvement with those who stand to profit from the outcomes of his or her research. For this reason, one of the charges I am giving to our new AAMC task force on conflicts of interest is to recommend limits that would strike a reasonable balance between the need, on the one hand, to motivate investigators to move their discoveries as quickly as possible from bench to bedside, and the danger, on the other hand, of fostering the view that our research enterprise operates more like a bazaar than like a public service. Inaugurate a certification process for research faculty. The ethical conduct of medical research has become much more demanding in recent times than many of us remember from the days when giants strode the earth. I believe the time has come to expect research faculty to demonstrate formally that they understand the myriad regulations governing the conduct of modern medical research and the numerous ethical dilemmas with which they must grapple. Understanding the intricacies of financial conflicts of interest is but one of the competencies that all research faculty should be expected to have. To fulfill this expectation, I am also asking our new task force to consider the feasibility of inaugurating a rigorous, voluntary, institution-based certification process based on national standards. By way of analogy, consider how well the board certification process for individual physicians has not only fostered highquality health care but also served to assure the public that the profession is serious about its commitment to excellence in the practice of medicine. A comparable process for certifying individual clinical investigators could have a similarly salutary effect on adherence to high standards of scientific conduct and would go a long way toward bolstering the public's confidence in the integrity of academic medicine's research mission. Invest more resources in the research infrastructure. More money and more people are clearly needed if we are to identify all existing conflicts, fairly evaluate their potential for bias, monitor those that are worrisome, hear appeals from those that are judged unacceptable, and scrutinize everyone's compliance with institutional policies. Both federal and non-federal sponsors of research should certainly be pressed for more help in strengthening our conflict-of-interest safeguards, and I assure you that the AAMC will continue to push hard for this kind of help. But, in the final analysis, we cannot plead poverty as grounds for shirking public accountability. Whatever help we do or don't get from external sponsors, we must find a way to shore up our procedures. Money may be tight, but public trust is priceless. Establish principles governing institutional conflicts of interest. Although the primary focus of public concern in these matters, at present, is on the financial interests of individual faculty members, an equally pressing issue is the increasing extent to which our institutions themselves are engulfed in financial conflicts of interest. Many of our leading medical schools and teaching hospitals now have significant equity positions in spin-off companies and enjoy sizable revenues from licensing fees and royalties on patented inventions. Such institutional interests raise serious questions about how credible and effective medical schools and teaching hospitals can be in dealing with faculty conflicts. Can an institution that has its own financial stake in a faculty member's research be trusted to judge whether that research is susceptible to bias? Should institutions be prohibited from having a financial stake at all in a faculty member's research? Still more important, to what extent will the ever-expanding financial conflicts of interest of institutions contribute to the erosion of public trust in the objectivity of academic research? Thus, the final and perhaps most challenging request I am making of our new task force is to consider what additional safeguards are needed to address the potential downsides of financial conflicts at the institutional level. In closing, let me return to the central issue of trust. Trust us, we say, and we'll make a difference. Support our science, and we'll make your lives better. In making these claims, we would do well to remembe that trust is not a birthright of individuals or institutions who do research; trust is a distinction that is earned by merit. Our ability to continue to pursue the venerated mission of clinical research dependes entirely on our willingness to merit public trust. Maintaining public confidence in the integrity of what we do requires more than assuring ourselves that external financial interests have not tainted our scientific and ethical standards. We must also reassure the public that we have done everything in our power to ensure that their interests are not sub-ordinate to ours. Let me end with a quote from the proclamation I referenced earlier. Whereas, the future of medicine depends upon an enduring trust between researchers and patients, we pledge ourselves to uphold the principles of beneficence, justice, and respect for individuals, and to ensure the ethical conduct of research.7 Please join me in reaffirming that pledge.Back to Top | Article Outline REFERENCES1. Jackson M J (chair). Guidelines for Dealing with Faculty Conflicts of Commitment and Conflicts of Interest in Research. Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges, 1990. Cited Here... 2. Kassirer JP, Angell M. Financial conflicts of interest in biomedical research [editorial]. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:570–1. Cited Here... 3. Bodenheimer T. Uneasy alliance: clinical investigators and the pharmaceutical industry. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1539–44. Cited Here... 4. Stelfox HT, Chau G, O'Rourke K, Detsky AS. Conflict of interest in the debate over calcium-channel antagonists. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:101–6. Cited Here... 5. Bero LA, Galbraith A, Rennie D. The publication of sponsored symposiums in medical journals. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:1135–40. Cited Here... 6. Rochon P, Gurwitz JH, Simms RW, et al. A study of manufacturer-supported trials of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of arthritis. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:157–63. Cited Here... 7. Clinical Research: A Reaffirmation of Trust between Medical Science and the Public: Proclamation and Pledge of Academic, Scientific, and Patient Health Organizations. 〈http://www.aamc.org/newsroom/pressrel/000608b.htm〉. Accessed 12/06/2000. Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC, revised October 19, 2000. Cited Here... © 2001 Association of American Medical Colleges


text:
Earlier this week we got the first official poster for Gulliver's Travels, and now 20th Century Fox has released the first trailer. The film, directed by Monsters vs Aliens director Rob Letterman, stars Jack Black as Lemuel Gulliver, a travel writer who, on an assignment to the Bermuda Triangle, suddenly finds himself a giant among men when he washes ashore on the hidden island of Liliput, home to a population of tiny people.
It doesn't look that good. Maybe it's due to how the trailer is presented, with half of it just showing Jack Black in an office, although there are hardly any laughs to be had so it may just be the film. It's a shame Emily Blunt had to make this due to contract obligations from her Devil Wears Prada days instead of playing Black Widow in Iron Man 2.
Gulliver's Travels also stars Jason Segel as Horatio, and Billy Connolly as King of Lilliputia. It has a release date of December 22nd in 3D (for those interested).

subset: commoncrawl


text:
< Back to Contents
Chapter Seven:
Professional Sports
Track and Field
National Parks
Boy Scouts of America
Land Speed Record
Overseas Travel
Land Speed Record
This was not a purely American record because several of the drivers, including the 1997 record holder, were British. But only the United States had the Utah salt flats and Nevada desert to provide the flat, open, hard, unpaved terrain on which massive automobiles could safely run a measured mile.
The chart shows a fairly constant rate of improvement from Henry Ford's 100 miles per hour in a seventy-two-horsepower Ford Arrow at Lake St. Clair, Michigan, in 1904 to Andy Green's 763 miles per hour in a Thrust SSC at Black Rock Desert, Nevada, in 1997. Early record-breaking cars were similar to production vehicles, with one or more internal combustion engines. By 1960, such a car was pushed to 400 miles per hour. Further advances became possible after the introduction of jet engines. At the end of the century, record-breaking vehicles resembled jet fighter planes without wings. Indeed, the 1997 record-holding driver was a British Royal Air Force pilot.
These steady improvements stood in sharp contrast to auto races on oval tracks, where the physical limitations inherent in the shape of the track and the actions of competitors imposed much tighter constraints on speed. Eddie Cheever averaged 145 miles per hour to win the Indianapolis 500 in 1998, which was nearly twice as fast as Roy Marroun's average speed of 74 miles per hour in 1911 but a little slower than A. J. Foyt's winning speed of 147 miles an hour for the same distance in 1964. The record for the Indy 500 was 186 miles an hour, set by Arie Luyendyk in a Lola–Chevy Indy in 1990.
WA 1999, page 979. See also Guinness Book of World Records (New York: Sterling, 1965), page 302. See also "List of world land speed record holders" at www.cnn.com/TECH/9710/15/brits.land.speed/list.reut.html (accessed August 25, 2000). For improvements of oval and other tracks, see WA 1999, pages 978–979, and Guinness Book of World Records (New York: Sterling, 1965), pages 302–303.
PBS Program | Trends of the Century | Viewer's Voices | Interactivity | Teacher's Guide


text:
$9.00 $19.00
Get your dose of native American style for your bedroom and go for our red dreamcatcher. It comes with natural colored feathers and beige details.
In the native Indian history people were afraid of nightmares. Therefore they hung up dreamcatchers above the sleeping area where the morning light could hit it.
The legend says that web in the middle of the hoop would catch the bad dreams while letting good dreams passing through that could slide down the feathers.


text:
Otters return to Rugby's inner city waterways
Dr David Gregory-Kumar goes in search of the otters returning to our inner city waterways in Rugby.
He is joined by Peter Sanders from the Warwickshire Wildlife Trust searching for a family of otters in this urban area.
They spot three otters on special cameras, proving that otters are back living in built-up areas in the West Midlands.
Credits: Additional film footage courtesy of Warwickshire Wildlife Trust.
Urban Jungle is broadcast on Thursday, 1 August at 19:00 BST on BBC One West Midlands and nationwide on the iPlayer for seven days thereafter.
01 Aug 2013
- From the section England


text:
GIRLS SOCCER: College Park scores three unanswered goals to top Conroe
Updated 9:49 pm, Friday, March 17, 2017
College Park scored one of those goals meant for the highlight reel. And it came in a big spot Friday night at Moorhead Stadium against Conroe.
Jordan Stirling sent an arcing corner kick to the far post with about eight minutes left in the first half. Isa Sanabria put her head on away from the goal and to teammate Katie Rabold, who kicked a powerful shot into the back of the net.
The goal ended up being the game winner for the Lady Cavaliers as they secured second place in District 12-6A after a 3-1 victory over the Tigerettes.
"That has be one of the prettiest goals," College Park coach Meredith Cook said. "We saw the mismatch there and I moved her outside. My center-mid did her job.
"That's not something we practice, I won't lie. That's just something they did. We have a hard time finishing in the clutch sometimes, right when we are in it."
College Park (13-7-2, 6-3-1 19 points) will start the UIL Region II-6A tournament with a bi-district game next Friday against Longview. Game time is 7 p.m. at Lufkin High School.
Conroe (12-10-1, 2-7-1 7 points) struck first against College Park, but were eliminated from playoff contention by halftime after Oak Ridge defeated Montgomery to take fourth place.
Katelynn Smith got the Tigerettes on the board in the 19th minute. Smith headed the ball over the top of College Park goalkeeper Bri Robohn and then swiftly put it in the empty net behind her to make it 1-0.
"It was great," Conroe coach Kesha Cauley said. "We've been able to put goals in against the tougher teams in our district. That's a good starting point."
Six minutes later, College Park got the equalizer. Stirling played a long pass to Reagan Scott who put it in past Amber Zarate in net for Conroe. Scott had two other scoring opportunities just moments before she was able to break through.
"She has scored a lot of goals for us," Cook said.
After halftime, the Lady Cavaliers added one more goal for good measure when defender Brianna Bourbeau came up during a corner kick and put in a loose ball near the far post. Stirling was awarded her third assist of the night
"We had a lot of girls that are unsung heroes on the team," Cook said. "Jordan Stirling doesn't get a lot of laud."
College Park pelted shots on Zarate all night, but the junior made 11 saves for Conroe.
"Conroe gave us everything they could," Cook said. "They scored first and I know it was a big game for them. I thought they played an amazing game."
The Lady Cavaliers battled to the final whistle as they had a shot off the crossbar by Sanabria in the 75th minute and Carly Pinson hit the post in the 78th minute.
"We did it as a team tonight," Cook said. "That's what we need going into the playoffs."
The Lady Cavaliers qualify for the playoffs for the second straight year and are looking to advance past the bi-district round for the first time since 2009.
"These girls have worked so hard," Cook said. "Their No. 1 goal was to finisher higher in district and win a playoff game. They did it as a unit tonight. Every single player played and every single player left it all on the field. They won as a team."
Conroe need three points coming into the game combined with a loss by Oak Ridge at home against Montgomery. The Tigerettes could have also tied College Park and forced a tiebreaker game with Montgomery had the Lady Bears defeated Oak Ridge.
It's the seventh straight year Conroe has missed the playoffs, but Cauley caps her first season as head coach with optimism for the future of the program.
"They did really well," Cauley said. "Everything they were able to overcome and the things we were able to accomplish. I just told them we haven't reaped our rewards yet. But they are coming. We just have to keep working."


text:
Column: A beautiful hatred on display makes Tiger vs. Phil the greatest show in sports
The hate is beautiful to see, the reason that Tiger-Phil has become the best show in sports. Genuine, uncontainable disdain - and both Tiger Woods and Phil Mickelson do their best to bridle it, and still they cannot - has grown so rare in today's buddy-buddy, we're-all-entertainers sports world. Forget the golf. You could put Tiger and Phil at the same dinner party and be endlessly entertained.
Go to article or click photos to enlarge.
Tiger Woods-Phil Mickelson - U.S. Open
Tiger Woods wasn't sending loving looks Phil Mickelson's way during the first round at Torrey Pines.
Credits: Courtesy of the USGA


text:
DURHAM, N.C. — USA Baseball announced on Friday its preseason Golden Spikes Award Watch List. The release of the Watch List marks USA Baseball's first step toward identifying the top player in college baseball.
The initial list — the first ever of its kind for the Golden Spikes Award — features 75 of the nation's top collegiate talents, as nominated by baseball sports information directors across the country. The Watch List will also be "rolling" to ensure that athletes who play themselves into consideration by USA Baseball for the Golden Spikes Award are not ignored. The Golden Spikes Award is sponsored by Major League Baseball, and 2008 marks the 31st installment of the award.
Headlining the 2008 watch list are Vanderbilt third baseman Pedro Alvarez and Texas outfielder Kyle Russell, both of whom were finalists for the 2007 Golden Spikes Award. Among those joining Alvarez and Russell on the list are three candidates each from Arizona State, San Diego, South Carolina, Rice and Wichita State. Including Alvarez and Russell, Vanderbilt and Texas also have three watch list members each.
Conferences boasting the most watch list nominations include the SEC with 15 names, the ACC and Pac-10 each have 10 members, and the Big 12 has eight nominees.
"We think we have a comprehensive list of names on this rolling, initial Golden Spikes Award watch list," said Eric Campbell, USA Baseball National Teams General Manager. "We also look forward, however, to watching the season unfold and keeping an eye on those players whose performance warrants an inclusion to the list."
On May 20, USA Baseball officials will cut the watch list of players to 50 names. The final list of 50 will then be sent to a voting body consisting of select professional baseball personnel, past USA Baseball National Team coaches, select members of the media, former USA Baseball sports information directors and current USA Baseball staff — nearly 150 voters in total.
Additionally, for the first time ever, fan voting will be a part of the Golden Spikes Award in 2008. May 20 will also mark the day when college baseball fans from across the country will be able to vote for their preferred choice for the Golden Spikes Award on www.usabaseball.com. As part of this May selection process all voters will be asked to choose five players from the list of 50 names. On June 3, USA Baseball will announce the five finalists, and voting will once again commence that same day.
The 2008 USA Baseball Golden Spikes Award will be presented nationally on July 16 at an award show via live telecast from New York at MLB Advanced Media studios.
Past winners of the Golden Spikes Award include Terry Francona (1980), Will Clark (1985), Robin Ventura (1988), Jason Varitek (1994), J.D. Drew (1997), Mark Prior (2001), Jered Weaver (2004) and David Price (2007).
2008 USA Baseball Golden Spikes Award Important Dates
- February 15th — 2008 Pre-Season Watch List Released
- May 20th — 50 Semi-Finalists Announced
- June 3rd — 5 Finalists Announced
- July 16th — 2008 Winner announced
Click here for the Full Listing


text:
Want to save time? Sign up with your facebook account now
Or complete the form below
Sign in with your facebook account
Or with mangahere account Don't have an account?
If you find there are broken links, misssing pages, wrong chapters or any other problems in a manga/manhwa, please comment here. We will try to solve them the first time.
Please enter the email.
Black Cat 109 released in mangahere fastest, recommend your friends to read Black Cat 109 now!
Tags: read Black Cat 109 english, Black Cat 109 raw manga, Black Cat 109 online, Black Cat 109 chap, Black Cat 109 chapter, Black Cat 109 high quality, Black Cat 109 manga scan
Next Chapter: Black Cat 110
Previous Chapter: Black Cat 108


text: Hello all, I have a question. Right now, as I type this my laptop will not connect to my wireless router, but... my PS3 is connected and my son is playing a game online with it. Why will my PS3 stay connected but my laptop gets dropped every now and then?


text:
19 October, 2016
Thai Spicy Chicken with Cashew Nuts
Thai Spicy Chicken with Cashew Nuts
This Thai Spicy Chicken with Cashew Nuts, is an identical recipe of the Thai Beef Recipe, that I recently posted. I usually never post a recipe so identical but so many of you messaged me to ask if the recipe would be suitable for Chicken. Thanks, cause it made me realize that the Spicy Chicken with Cashew Nuts, would be well received too. It's practically the same recipe, with the typical flavors of Thailand, except the seasoning will be slightly milder for the chicken. Made the video for you 'special people' who requested it 😉 I am also realizing that a lot of you can't get enough chicken recipes 🙂 Lol, I am only too pleased to deliver more and more chicken recipes! Do let me know, what you'd like to see here.


text:
Bold statement: Fiction can be a more effective teacher than nonfiction.
The epics, the classic myths, the primordial fables, the transcendent archetypes and the phenomenon of story have all been omnipresent undertones of human culture since time immemorial.
Fiction has the unique ability in which one can use words as arrows of intention to penetrate the infinite dimensions of abstraction. In other words, truths which exist beyond the limits of our collective analytical mind are able to be conveyed through fiction, metaphor and myth.
The deepest truths are often expressed in this way. Just take a look at any sacred text or brilliant piece of poetry. If they were to be written in a strictly analytical fashion, it would be confined to a sliver of interpreted reality. But with fiction, the words conform to the unique consciousness of the reader. They act as a range of possibility to be decoded subjectively, not a rigid pillar of force-fed predeterminacy.
Literary works can cut through and transcend cultural biases and blindness, giving the reader a taste of a completely "novel" reality (see what I did there?). It allows one to see outside of the box they've existed in their whole life, and presents the opportunity to step outside.
Along with being a vehicle for consciousness expansion, fiction comes with a whole host of other benefits as well…
The Benefits of Reading Fiction
The Surprising Power of Reading Fiction
7 Benefits Of Reading Literary Fiction You May Not Know
How You Can Help Support Fiction
Speaking of fiction, I recently launched a Kickstarter campaign for my new novel Sozwik. CLICK HERE to view the campaign and provide your support.
Expand your mind with the wisdom of fiction, embrace the power of story and dare to dream.
Much love.
– Stevie P!
Feelin' Good, Feelin' Great remains ad-free and I'd like to keep it that way. As you probably know, a lot of work and focus goes into maintaining a website and regularly posting publishing quality, life-enhancing articles from the heart. If you find value in this content, please consider supporting Feelin' Good, Feelin' Great. You can become a monthly contributor with the amount of your choosing.


text:
When your response to the day's events increases your stress level why not take a one minute vacation.
This photo was taken at a cottage we rented on Lake Erie.
I love the quote from Gandhi
Join my Lifeline FREE monthly newsletter
Need a fun speaker with a great message
To have a new Photo Meditation sent to your inbox on a regular basis click the box below


text:
Hello and welcome to my professional online presence. I am an IT/Programmer Analyst specializing in software engineering, web design and programming, writing, and technical support. In addition, I have some experience in video editing and creation, print design and editing, and social media management.
You can check out my resume as well as examples of past projects on this site.
If you have any questions, comments, or suggestions, please don't hesitate to email me via my contact page.
Thanks for stopping by!


text:
How well I remember the glorious days of dragging duty-free tequila on board the plane and hauling it all the way home. Those days are over, my friends.
As USA Today dutifully explains, the rules strictly limiting the amount of liquid that can be carried on planes is leading to a tragic pileup of abandoned booze at the Miami Airport. (The TSA is gonna have one awesome office Christmas party down there this year.)
You're gonna have to check the hooch, and I have one word for you: diapers.


text:
A versatile floor standing easel designed for budding young artists. This product is promoting fun play and developing imagination and physical skills alongside creativity. One side of the easel features a traditional chalk board and the reverse is magnetic, thus offering lots of creative and learning opportunities for young children. With this learning easel, kids get to have fun with the magnetic white board (which comes along with a set of alphabets, numbers and mathematical symbols), chalk board (which comes along with a box of color chalks and an eraser), and painting easel
Effective 1st April 2015, all goods and services may be subjected to GST 6% upon checkout.
subscribe and get special promotion updates
MCIL Multimedia Sdn.Bhd.(515740-D)


text:
Disclosure/Om produktprøver
This policy is valid from 27 January 2010
This blog is a personal blog written and edited by me. For questions about this blog, please contact Karianne (email@example.com).
This blog does not accept any form of cash advertising, sponsorship, or paid topic insertions. However, we will and do accept and keep free products, services, travel, event tickets, and other forms of compensation from companies and organizations.
The compensation received will never influence the content, topics or posts made in this blog. All advertising is in the form of advertisements generated by a third party ad network. Those advertisements will be identified as paid advertisements.
The owner(s) of this blog is not compensated to provide opinion on products, services, websites and various other topics. The views and opinions expressed on this blog are purely the blog owners. If we claim or appear to be experts on a certain topic or product or service area, we will only endorse products or services that we believe, based on our expertise, are worthy of such endorsement. Any product claim, statistic, quote or other representation about a product or service should be verified with the manufacturer or provider.
This blog does not contain any content which might present a conflict of interest.
To get your own policy, go to http://www.disclosurepolicy.org
8 comments
- Pingback: Misa Dirty Sexy Mony vs. IsaDora Combat Khaki « Neglelakkmani
- Pingback: IsaDora One Shot/Holiday 2010 « Neglelakkmani
- Pingback: IsaDora Red Alert « Neglelakkmani
- Pingback: Høstens grønne nyheter fra IsaDora/New Greens From IsaDora! « Neglelakkmani
- Pingback: IsaDora Jaded & IsaDora Matte Top Coat « Neglelakkmani
- Pingback: En sniktitt.. « Neglelakkmani
- Pingback: IsaDora Graffiti våren 2011 « Neglelakkmani
- Pingback: OPI Pirates of The Caribbean « Neglelakkmani


text:
Serving Your Area, Seattle, WA, 98110Featured Listing
10320 8th St E, Edgewood, WA, 98372Edgewood,WA- Call for tv now to enjoy more than 200 all-digital satellite channels.Satellite TV packages from satellite tv include a free HD...Featured Listing
Serving Your Area, Vancouver, WA, 98101Are you tired of satellite tv that does not work?If you are seeking satellite tv that works and does not have problems then please visit our...Featured Listing
10315 Silverdale Way Nw, Silverdale, WA, 98383Featured Listing
Serving Your Area, Seattle, WA, 98101Featured Listing
14717 Ne 6th Pl Ste C, Bellevue, WA, 98007Now is your chance to get great satellite TV deals in Bellevue WA! Your local authorized Dish Network dealer, Satellite TV Bellevue, is offe...
32610 Pac Highway So, Federal Way, WA, 98003Locally owned and opperated. Support your local retailers
1140 Griffin Ave, Enumclaw, WA, 98022Enumclaw,WA-Need Digital Cable TV? Find local satellite TV providers today to get the same cable TV channels for less.
17475 131st Ave Northeast, Woodinville, WA, 98072Digital Cable TV prices got you down? Get the lowest prices from a satellite TV provider in your area. Call for sweet deals on all digital s...
61 W Main St, Auburn, WA, 98001�
Auburn,WA-Are you eligible for DISH satellite TV? Call about Dish Network now to find out! D...Subscribe for newsletters &
Get Latest Updates & OffersStay


text:
Just west of Kenmore Square, the Renfrew Center of Massachusetts exudes a positive atmosphere for women struggling with eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, binge-eating disorder and Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS). This facility, the 14th Renfrew Center to emerge in the United States, opened this month at 870 Commonwealth Avenue.
"We work to empower women and to have them feel that their strength comes from within," said Lori Ciotti, site director of The Renfrew Center of Massachusetts. "They can find a way to conquer their fears and eating disorders."
There are 14 sites of Renfrew Centers, Boston being the recent branch. Renfrew has treated 65,000 women throughout the years. Though it only opened in late January, Boston's site is already showing signs of success.
"Right now, we are continuing to get calls," said Ciotti, a licensed clinical social worker. "We take in patients every day. So far, we only have a handful of people but we still are getting up and running."
Renfrew provides a daily treatment system from Monday through Friday for five hours each day. It also has an option for an evening program, three nights a week, for people who work or have school. Treatment varies with each patient, and each case is different. Renfrew has multiple levels of care for each specific type of individual.
A general schedule for a day treatment patient would start off with a check-in at 8:45 a.m. The patient would then have breakfast, based off of a specialized meal plan, with a group of other patients and therapists. After, groups would meet to discuss the feelings of each person and talk about how the breakfast effected their emotions. The patients would then spend the rest of their day attending various meetings with nutritionists, psychiatrists and therapists. During these meetings, they will build up a better outlook on food, focus on a positive body image and be able to share their thoughts with other patients.
"Eating disorders are very complicated in structure," Ciotti said. "It is a very challenging and layered type of disorder."
According to the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, anorexia is the third most common chronic illness among adolescents. Anorexia is mainly diagnosed when someone restricts his or her diet and refuses to eat. Some signs would be excessive weight loss, fainting and fatigue, or even dry skin and hair loss. Most people suffering with anorexia have a distorted body image and may be obsessed with weighing themselves, even though their body weight is dangerously below average. Some may express a lack of emotion and hide their thin bodies under baggy clothing.
People diagnosed with bulimia generally follow a binge and purge method, which is when an individual will overeat and then counteract the calories by immediately over-exercising or throwing up. People suffering from bulimia have a tendency to hide food and eat it alone. According to the National Eating Disorders Association, some signs of bulimia are unusual swelling of the cheeks or jaw area, discoloration of the teeth and calluses on the back of the hands and knuckles from self-induced vomiting.
Binge-eating Disorder
Individuals with binge-eating disorder often cope with intense emotions by eating large amounts of food. Individuals will eat because they are stressed, depressed or angry. People who suffer from this disorder tend to eat rapidly in one sitting and even when they are full. According to the Binge Eating Disorder Association, binge-eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in the United States. An estimated 30 to 40 percent of people wanting to lose weight are diagnosed with this disorder. Some binge-eaters tend to try to offset their massive binges by going on diets, but then bingeing again due to lack of a sufficient caloric intake. This is known as "yo-yo dieting."
Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified refer to disorders that cause someone to have a problem or an unhealthy relationship with food but do not fit under the criteria of the other disorders. Instead, some tend to have overlapping symptoms of multiple eating disorders and have a harmful perception of food and eating. Although not much is known specifically about this disorder, it effects a larger population of people who suffer from eating disorders. According to the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, "this category has been shown in some studies to have the highest death rates of any category of eating disorder. Fifty-two percent of eating disorder sufferers may have EDNOS."
It's not just one disorder
At times, some people suffering from these disorders may be diagnosed with multiple disorders. These disorders may also bring in or come with other issues such as anxiety or depression, which Renfrew also treats. If the women with eating disorders also struggle with other issues such as substance abuse or trauma, Renfrew can also help with recovery from that.
Sometimes, people can struggle with distinguishing between the line of a diet or an eating disorder. It may be difficult to stay behind the line of healthy, normal eating. However, a change of mentality can help the diagnosed maintain a balanced diet.
The Renfrew Center stresses moderation and healthy eating above diets. Renfrew's philosophy is to have a healthy relationship with food with no off-limit foods.
"If someone begins a diet, I want to understand what their motivation is behind that diet. If there's stress around food, it may lead you down a slippery slope," Ciotti said. "As women we are bombarded with looking a certain way. What we try to do is do away with the whole idea of diets and talk about yourself, not using food as a vice."
According to the National Eating Disorders Association, for females the "mortality rate associated with the illness is 12 times higher than the death rate of all other causes of death."
Renfrew believes recovery is extremely important and loved ones should not hesitate to call for help because eating disorders are a serious illness.
"The best thing to do is to not keep it a secret," Ciotti said. "To stay silent and allow them to suffer is something we want to avoid."
Multiple locations across the country and facilities geared toward finding the best treatment for eating disorders make The Renfrew Center a prime choice for patients in Boston. The Renfrew Center of Massachusetts only provides outpatient and day treatment, but for patients with a more severe case, sites in Pennsylvania and Florida offer residential treatment. This just means that patients stay overnight and are helped as much as possible throughout the entire process of recovery. All the centers work together to help give patients a "good sense of themselves," Ciotti said.
"I don't think anyone knows 100 percent the causes of an eating disorder, which is why they're so hard for people to overcome," Ciotti said. "It's hard to distinguish what happened first, the anxiety or the eating disorder. It's like asking what came first, the chicken or the egg?"
National Eating Disorder Awareness Week this year was Feb. 23 to March 1, which Renfrew opened up just in time for. During this week, The Renfrew Center Foundation had a campaign called "Barefaced and Beautiful Without and Within." The Renfrew Center Foundation called for women to remove their makeup for a day and take a picture to post on social media such as Facebook, Twitter or Instagram with the hashtag: #Barefacedbeauty. The campaign also encouraged participants to post positive comments on photos within the social media community to be supportive. Renfrew believes this can help to promote a positive outlook on body image and spread the word for self-acceptance.
How to help
For those with friends or family members struggling with eating disorders, remaining quiet about these issues may only aggravate the problem. Renfrew emphasizes the importance of calling for help. Ciotti said the best advice would be to reach out to facilities like Renfrew to contact a therapist and set up an appointment with an professional as soon as possible.
"Body image issues go beyond eating disorders," Ciotti said. "It's taking a stand of action. As women, we can all be seen as beautiful regardless of what we look like."


text: Hey guys, just wondering if ret is in a good place right now in terms of PvP reroll. I am currently enjoying my Warlock but would like to try a melee utility class. I suppose Shaman/Pally are my options. Do I need to be talked out of this?! Feedback is welcome! Thanks guys


text:
Regular price: $43.93
History has not been kind to Alice Perrers, the notorious mistress of King Edward III. Scholars and contemporaries alike have deemed her a manipulative woman who used her great beauty and sensuality to take advantage of an aging and increasingly senile king. But who was the woman behind the scandal? A cold-hearted opportunist - or someone fighting for her very survival?
Like most girls of her era, Alice is taught obedience in all things. At the age of 14 she marries the man her father chooses for her, dutifully accepting the cost of being torn from the family she holds so dear and losing the love of her mother forever. Despite these heartbreaks, Alice finds that merchant Janyn Perrers is a good and loving husband and the two settle into a happy life together. Their bliss is short-lived, however; it unravels the dark day a messenger appears at Alice's door and notifies her of Janyn's sudden disappearance.
In the wake of this tragedy, Alice learns that her husband kept many secrets - secrets that result in a price on her own head and that of her beloved daughter. Her only chance to survive lies in the protection of King Edward and Queen Philippa, but she therefore must live at court as a virtual prisoner. When she is singled out by the king for more than just royal patronage, the stakes are raised. Disobeying Edward is not an option, not when her family is at risk, but the court is full of ambitious men and women, many of whom will stop at nothing to see her fall from grace.
Emma Campion paints a colorful and thrilling portrait of the court of Edward III - with all of its extravagance, scandalous love affairs, political machinations, and murder - and the devastating results of being singled out by the royal family. At the center of the storm is Alice, surviving by her wits in this dangerous world, where the choices are not always of her own making. Emma Campion's dazzling novel shows that there is always another side to the story.
I loved this book. I like when an author takes historical fact (as well as people) and can write a good story around it (think Philippa Gregory novels). There really was a Alice Perrers and it was believed she was the King's mistress. It kept my interest, the narration was superb, the story compelling. I highly recommend this one!
7 of 7 people found this review helpful
This book is a wonderful read! I enjoy historical books that are not dull and academic in it's telling and this one is just the one!! It keeps your interest and makes you want to listen more! I could not commute to work as I do without good books like this one!
5 of 5 people found this review helpful
No, it's not shockingly unique among it's genre. Yes, it was entertaining. Quite frankly, Donada's voice is a gem and she can make anything come alive. This is a tale about a young girl who feels used by the crown in an ancestral way...Wealth is displayed. Plague mentioned. It's all in period costume. What more do you want really. There's even a little titillation here and there...It's not high fiber, but sometimes you need a nice dessert book.
9 of 10 people found this review helpful
I love anything about old England and the Kings & Queens who lived during these times. The narrator does a great job and the story line is easy to follow. LOVE IT so much I honest feel like I have lived during this time. I would LOVE more books like this.
5 of 6 people found this review helpful
I really enjoyed listening to this story it had all the intrigues of medieval love and Hate I found it very entertaining intriguing I didn't want to stop listening great read
I have to say tho book goes on and on and on about absolutely nothing.
I kept waiting for something, anything interesting to happen but after 2 hours I gave up.
Wasted a credit.
1 of 2 people found this review helpful
This is a good story. Worth a listen for sure. It kept me entertained. Enjoy
1 of 2 people found this review helpful
I could not stay attached to the story. Also, the narrator's voice seemed a little too mature for the main character; as well as being a little harsh in tone. I did not finish it.
1 of 2 people found this review helpful


text:
Attention all Forum Users.
We're working on a brand new shiny tool to make your experience as simple as possible.
Which means the community forums is now read only whilst we work on a new & improved 'My Contiki' space.
Attitude Adjuster Recipe
- Read the responses 9 responses so far
Did you google it?
I got this from the first hit…
Attitude Adjuster
Description: Long
Style: Long
Glass: Hurricane
Garnish: Lemon Wheel
Method: Shake & Strain Over Ice Then Build
1 Shot(s) Gin
1 Shot(s) Vodka
1 Shot(s) Cointreau
3/4 Shot(s) Lime Juice
Top Cola
1/4 Top Mandarine Napoleon
1/4 Top Coffee Liqueur
Sorry – just reread your post. I don't know anything <!--graemlin::)--> my suggestion is you experiment and try all the recipes you can find until you find the right one…
quote:my suggestion is you experiment and try all the recipes you can find until you find the right one…
LOL! Great idea!
On another note – as a wog – how jealous am I that you were in Italy while I was home with a blanket screaming at the TV at 3 in the morning!!
hehe, PinaI!
Your still lucky, I was stuck in a hot horrible kitchen, and no one filmed it for me…….was upsetting to say the least.
Pina, I got incredibly lucky on my tour. I was in London, England when they won, central Paris just outside the Moulin Rouge when France won, Florence when Italy won the Semis and Venice when Italy won the Grand Final. It made my tour all the more better!
I have googled the Attitude Adjuster and found many variations on it. It seems to be based on the Long Island Iced Tea but the most interesting one I've found is the 'Adios Motherf**ker.' All contain the same four white spirits plus other drinks.
Should be an interesting Saturday night for me!
Like a good drink
Hi Schoolhard.
Was that drink green by any chance? I had something that sounds very similar in Cairns not too long ago and had the same experience.
Mine had like, gin, vodka, Cointreau, midori, a couple of other things and red bull.
Kathryn <!--graemlin::eek:-->
Wow, that drink looks like it would set me up for the night. Major brain damage indeed. How much does it cost?
I've got a photo of the recipe that was on a board at that bar it's rum,gin,vodka., fanta and a hint of grenadine
hehehe I actually was the bar tender there in 2007, and chances are I made your drink. Sorry about the late reply!
An Attitude Adjuster, or AA, is made with a large pint glass, fill it with ice, free pour white rum, gin and vodka, then top it up with a Bacardi Breezer and add a splash of grenadine.
Nine times out of ten, we saw punters feeling totally under control after the first one, but then losing their mind half way through the second.
My god have I got some stories to tell my grandkids about that place one day! :P
We are no longer accepting new responses to this discussion thread.


text:
Perfect for social media campaigns and blogs. Web photos (up to .5 MP). 1 Seat.
Learn More
Build a high res library or promote your brand. Up to Large (2.5-4.5 MP). 5 Seats.
Learn More
Get more high res photos and more. Up to Large (2.5-4.5 MP). 25 Seats.
Learn More
no people, horizontal, outdoors, day, close-up, full frame, food and drink, healthy eating, raw food, sea food, fish, freshness, abundance, sprat, gray, aquatic vertebrate, grey, animal
gray fish


text:
I bought a house and the trim is called dove white. The house was built in 2007. Does this color still exist? I have gone to a couple large home improvement centers for a color match and it has not been real successful.
There are a few companies that offer Dove White paint:
Match of Valspar Dove White: http://www.myperfectcolor.com/en/color/89487_Valspar-7002-7-Dove-White
Match of Glidden Dove White: http://www.myperfectcolor.com/en/color/291561_Glidden-GLC37-Dove-White
Match of Columbia Dove White: http://www.myperfectcolor.com/en/color/277695_Columbia-Paint-0018-Dove-White
Match of Kelly Moore Dove White: http://www.myperfectcolor.com/en/color/2484_Kelly-Moore-34-Dove-White
If you're unable to find out the brand through the builder (if it's an original color, often they have a file and can tell you what brand it was,) then your best hope is to order samples of the Dove White to see if any match.
Hope this helps,


text:
India's premier health research body—Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) — has been tasked with developing affordable test strips for diabetes. "Diabetes is highly prevalent in the country and the strip to measure sugar level is imported as it is patented abroad. It costs Rs 30. We have now assigned the task to ICMR to develop a strip for diabetes," Health Minister Ghulam Nabi Azad said.
Read more


text:
Complaint 113800 Details
- Date Occurred: 04/12/2014
- Reported Damages: $33.50
The complaint is against an online dating profile
The complaint is a listing fraud posted on public forums or sites against an anonymous entity
The complaint is mobile text spam or smishing related against an anonymous entity
The company or person contact no longer exists
International boundaries
I paid by pay-pal for a pair of shoes from this company.
I never received the shoes. I files a complaint and pay pal
said that they contacted the seller and the seller said the item was shipped.
What was shipped was a sponge. What a scam. Pay pal said that they could not
refund my money since they see no fraud. I have e-mailed the seller
and of course have not got any reply. There is no number to call. This site needs shut down. What is it going to take. What a mistake I made by not looking into
this company until after I paid for the shoes. (Personal Info Removed) is my e-mail. . D. Caplan
- peffer SBID #5c68d2ba7b
- Posted 05/14/2014
Do You Have a Complaint?Submit a Complaint ►
There are no comments posted. Be the first to comment on this complaint
Do You Have a Complaint?
Add a complaint and spread the word. High volume complaints have a better chance to get their money back. Submit a report and join forces with others like you!Submit a Complaint Now
Business Profile Summary
Company Statistics
- Complaint Against Shop-Cora.com
- Complaints Filed: 201
- Reported Damages: $17,482.45
What is SBID?
SBID is a unique id code that identifies the user's computer and location. SBID is used to prevent fraudulent postings and help our community find users who create duplicate user accounts.


text:
The Leading eBooks Store Online
4,166,437 members ⚫ 1,355,809 ebooks
New to eBooks.com?Learn more
- Bestsellers - This Week
- Foreign Language Study
- Pets
- Bestsellers - Last 6 months
- Games
- Philosophy
- Archaeology
- Gardening
- Photography
- Architecture
- Graphic Books
- Poetry
- Art
- Health & Fitness
- Political Science
- Biography & Autobiography
- History
- Psychology & Psychiatry
- Body Mind & Spirit
- House & Home
- Reference
- Business & Economics
- Humor
- Religion
- Children's & Young Adult Fiction
- Juvenile Nonfiction
- Romance
- Computers
- Language Arts & Disciplines
- Science
- Crafts & Hobbies
- Law
- Science Fiction
- Current Events
- Literary Collections
- Self-Help
- Drama
- Literary Criticism
- Sex
- Education
- Literary Fiction
- Social Science
- The Environment
- Mathematics
- Sports & Recreation
- Family & Relationships
- Media
- Study Aids
- Fantasy
- Medical
- Technology
- Fiction
- Music
- Transportation
- Folklore & Mythology
- Nature
- Travel
- Food and Wine
- Performing Arts
- True Crime
- Foreign Language Books
Most popular at the top
Nowhere to HidePan Macmillan 2014; US$ 4.15
"Do unto others . . ." Carefully, he carves the words into their flesh. The victims are all young, brunette, pretty. But she's the one he really wants. The others are just a way to case the rage that has festered for years, until the only thing that calms him is the knife slicing through skin . . . Detective September Rafferty-Nine to her friends-recognizes... more...
Nowhere SafePan Macmillan 2014; US$ 4.15
She senses their twisted desires before she meets them. It's as if fate is helping her stop these monsters from preying on others the way she was preyed upon. And after she has delivered brutal justice, she'll let the whole world see their guilt. "I must pay for what I've done." The first victim-naked, bound, frozen to death-wore the note strung... more...
Nowhere To RunPan Macmillan 2014; US$ 4.15
When Liv Dugan ducks out of work for lunch, it's just an ordinary day. When she returns, she stumbles onto a massacre. All her colleagues at Zuma Software have been shot. Only luck has left Liv unscathed, and that might be running out . . . Liv suspects the shootings are tied to her past-and to the package she recently received from her long-dead... more...
You Can't EscapeKensington 2015; US$ 7.59
"Nancy Bush always delivers edge-of-your seat suspense!" —Lisa Jackson, New York Times bestselling author The Biggest Mistake The branding iron glows in the moonlight as he presses the searing metal into his victim's flesh. She must wear the devil's sign, just like the others. He knows the curse that afflicts them—and he'll make sure they... more...
UltravioletKensington 2008; US$ 5.59
For process server-turned-private investigator, Jane Kelly, weddings are murder. Usually that's a metaphor, but for newly minted P.I. Jane Kelly, it's fast becoming an all-too-accurate nightmare. Roland Hatchmere, plastic surgery magnate, has been found murdered just before his daughter's society wedding. The weapon is a wedding gift: a heavy, silver... more...
Candy Apple RedKensington 2006; US$ 5.59
Jane Kelly is through following men. She left Southern California for the murky quaintness of Lake Chinook, Oregon, apparently so she could trade her bartending skills for much more glamorous work process serving. And the boyfriend, of course, is long gone. But things have been looking a little brighter lately. Her hobby doing PI work is kind of fun,... more...
Electric BlueKensington 2007; US$ 5.95
Some days are just weird city. Take today. Jane Kelly, thirtysomething ex-bartender, current process server, and owner of The Binkster, a pug, is dutifully putting in slave-labor hours working for Dwayne Durbin, local "information specialist" (i.e., private investigator), and on the road to becoming a P.I. herself. Next thing she knows she's... more...
UnseenKensington 2009; US$ 5.95
She Woke Up With No Memories. . . She wakes up in a hospital room...bruised. . .bloody...confused. She knows her name is Gemma La Porte--but that's all. She doesn't remember smashing her car. She doesn't remember anything from the last three days. But a policeman, Deputy Will Tanninger, is waiting for answers and wants to know if she's responsible... more...
Blind SpotKensington 2010; US$ 5.59
What You Don't See. . . The crime scene at an Oregon rest stop is brutal beyond belief--a young man's lifeless body cut to ribbons, and his pregnant girlfriend left alive but comatose. . . What You Don't Know. . . Psychologist Claire Norris is assigned to treat the survivor at a private mental hospital. But there are no clues to the identity... more...
Nowhere to RunKensington 2012; US$ 5.99
Some Secrets When Liv Dugan ducks out of work for lunch, it's just an ordinary day. When she returns, she stumbles onto a massacre. All her colleagues at Zuma Software have been shot. Only luck has left Liv unscathed, and that might be running out. . . Will Follow You Liv suspects the shootings are tied to her past--and to the package she... more...


text: On Mon, Jan 23, 2012 at 07:07:19AM +0900, phony wrote: > Hi all. > > Now, I have a occasion to develop Cirrus Logic CL-GD5434 graphics controller > based X server. > Do you know where we can obtain it's TECHNICAL DOCUMENT > (for software document rather than hardware's one) Closest I can find is the GD5446 Technical Reference Manual. Apparently this is a somewhat similar chip.


text:
Wednesday, July 21, 2010
2 comments:
What the heck is Golden's problem with neighborhood association signs? She may be getting used to ghetto living, but it is obvious the the NA's have higher standards!
- Wed Jul 21, 02:38:00 PM EDT
Thanks for the important posts Wes. The PBP is more concerned about reporting Lake Worth's fences than it is the fiscal ineptitude and ethics violations of their Golden girls.
- Wed Jul 21, 04:51:00 PM EDT
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
On Sept. 21, 1784, the Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser, the first daily newspaper to be published in the United States, made its appearance in Philadelphia.
In 1792 the French National Convention voted to abolish the monarchy.
In 1866 novelist H.G. Wells was born in Bromley, Kent, England.
In 1897 the New York Sun ran an editorial in which Francis P. Church answered a question from 8-year-old Virginia O`Hanlon: ``Is there a Santa Claus?``


text:
What does OCCB mean in Universities?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand OCCB in the Academic & Science field in general and in the Universities terminology in particular.
Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology
Find a translation for OCCB in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this OCCB abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"OCCB." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2018. Web. 24 Feb. 2018. <https://www.abbreviations.com/term/374115>.


text:
The image above left is the original art, for the original title card of Rudolf Ising's 1940 MGM Cartoon, The Fishing Bear. The image above right is the original art for the reissue print of the same cartoon in the 1950s. MGM did that. They re-did the titles when they reissued a cartoon. Unfortunately the original negatives to their pre-1952 cartoons no longer exist, so finding original nitrate film prints – or the incredibly rare original art – is a big deal to those of us who regularly research cartoon history.
Both these pieces above were recently acquired – along with 18 other astounding MGM animation originals – by my favorite gallery owner Mike Van Eaton. Mike's my favorite because when he gets stuff like this he calls me over to look at it and help him identify it. This mother-load of MGM Holy Grails includes background art from such films as Abdul The Bulbul Ameer, Blitz Wolf, Farm of Tomorrow and Good Will To Men; and title cards from Peace on Earth, The Goose Goes South, Dance of The Weed and Milt Gross' Jitterbug Follies.
I can't post them all here, but click thumbnails below to enjoy a few scans from this cache. Yes, they are for sale. If interested contact Mike right now.


text:
Disclaimer: George Lucas owns Star Wars. I am not making any profit from this work of fanfiction.
Author's note:
1)This is the final chapter of Tangle - partly because it seemed a natural place to end, as two of the characters become disentangled, and partly because the story is so darn long. The Life in Freefall saga will continue with Hunters, which picks up more or less where Tangle leaves off - because, after all, they still have to find Obi-Wan. I hope you've enjoyed the ride.
2)Special thanks to regular reviewers pronker and Kelaria, and also special thanks again to Kelaria and to attanagra on lj, both of whom gave me the benefit of their expertise at especially difficult points in the narrative. It's been a better story for their input.
3) For the final chapter of this installment in the series, I'm returning to the Stover-style present tense narration that I've been experimenting with and telling the story in fragments - I hope you like it.
This is Anakin Skywalker: a talented Jedi. An exceptional pilot. A gifted, if inexperienced, warrior. But right now, he is failing as a friend.
He knows it –– he can feel it, in the way Ryn doesn't quite trust him any more, in the way his presence brings her pain instead of comfort.
He can't quite remember how they got here. The easy answer is that Ryn is right and everything went wrong when he fought so hard to save her from the injuries she'd gotten, saving him. If he concentrates, he can remember a different kind of friendship, one not stained with tears and unrequited love.
If she's right, it's all his fault.
Ryn might be wrong, but ... against his will, he is beginning to believe her.
He misses their easy camaraderie with a burning hollow ache that won't let him rest. Gunryth wants to attribute this to the dispersal of his annam, whatever that means, and says they'll both be fine if the healers can restore them to their natural state, but Anakin knows better.
He'll never be all right until he's made things right with Ryn.
This is Ryn Orun: a hero of her people. A model of self-sacrifice and commitment. A lonely young girl painfully in love with the only real friend she's ever known.
She's afraid to be with him, and afraid to be alone. She's afraid of everything –– but most of all, the unknown.
She walks straight into it anyway. That's what heroes do. But inside, she's already falling apart.
Gunryth explains the situation to the acolytes at the Temple. It takes a while, but once they get the gist of what she's saying, they gather the healers and usher Anakin and Ryn into a little chamber in the upper reaches of the Temple, carved from the living stone. They light incense burners along the walls and form a circle about the two weary travelers and begin to chant.
It does't hurt as much, this time around. There is no rending grief, and the gaping absence where Ryn should be can't actually get any worse. It's uncomfortable, in the sense that the whole process is just really invasive and he doesn't like to be touched like this by strangers.
Mostly he can't visualize this tangle they keep murmuring about; he doesn't have the right kind of training, and it's all just a metaphor anyway. But he feels it, hard, when the last snarl pulls out and something comes unknotted inside and for the first time in weeks he can breathe.
The healers let him go, gently: it feels like a slow fall, and when he touches down he opens his eyes.
Then it's just him, and Ryn, facing each other crosslegged in the middle of a circle of strangers. Ryn opens her eyes, too, slow and deliberate, and looks straight into his. There's a smile lurking somewhere beneath her still surface, but the best part, the thing that makes Anakin smile back, is that she is fundamentally unchanged. She's still Ryn, the Ryn he remembers. But the shadows of pain he's gotten used to seeing in her eyes are gone.
The sense of relief is dizzying.
"You okay?" she asks softly.
Anakin has to clear his throat before he can answer. "Yeah." He doesn't have to ask if she's okay too; he can feel it.
Her smile breaks through then, just a glint at the corners of her mouth. "Let's go find Obi-Wan."


text:
Accommodation Singapore Singapore 5footway.inn Project Bugis Your Review
You need to be logged in to leave a review for 5footway.inn Project Bugis. If you booked with Travellerspoint, you should have received an email with log in details. If you aren't sure what your details are, please don't hesitate to contact us.
Have you forgotten your username or password? Retrieve Your Login Details
Only post a review if you have actually stayed at this property. DO NOT post a review if you are the property owner or only know about this property through hearsay.
We would also be happy to hear of anything you encountered that could be improved or rectified from Travellerspoint's side, in other words, things that are not directly relevant to your stay at this property but rather to the information on our site or the booking process itself. Was information incomplete or incorrect, did you have problems checking in etc. Please contact us.
Be fair in your review and think of what potential guests might like to know that isn't already explained.
Project Bugis is located steps away from heritage-rich Kampong Glam, where the historical Masjid Sultan (Sultan Mosque), a gazetted national monument, is situated.


text:
Why Not Uplift Animals?
Paul Raven makes a bold case against boosting animal intelligence:
Because they are not us. We are related, certainly, this much is inescapable, but a chimpanzee is not a human being, and to insist that uplift is a moral duty is to enshrine the inferiority-to-us of the great apes, not to sanctify their uniqueness. This is the voice of assimilation, the voice of homogenisation, the voice of empire. It is the voice of colonialist arrogance, and a form of species fascism. If we have any moral duty toward our genetic cousins, it is to protect them from the ravages we have committed on the world they have always lived in balance with. Why raise them up to our hallowed state of consciousness if all they stand to inherit is a legacy of a broken planet and a political framework that legitimises the exploitation of those considered to carry a debt to society's most powerful?
Because make no mistake, even were we able to endow chimpanzees with the same cognitive powers as ourselves, we would still find reasons not to enfranchise them fully. If you can look at the disparities in enfranchisement of different human races and classes and genders in this world that still persist to this day, despite the lip-service liberalism of the privileged Western world to the contrary, and not see that life for uplifted apes would be a condition of slavery to science for science's own sake (at the very best): a lifetime of being a bug in a glass jar, a curiosity and a joke and an object of pity… well, you can evidently look at the world very differently to how I can. In my world, that's high-order hubris.
Uplift is, at the moment, a debate I'm still attempting to wrangle in my head. I've got no solid philosophical ground from which to operate here, yet. My quibble with Raven's point is that uplift is imperialism. It is if we systematically go around uplifting entire species. But uplifting individual animals isn't necessarily assimilation – it's integration. My quibble with Dvorsky is that there is some sort of obligation to uplift. Dvorsky and I disagree on a couple fundamental points about rights and justice, so our not seeing eye-to-eye on uplift is to be expected. My hope is that uplift technology will be based on our own human cognitive enhancement technology. Tech that enhances the mind as-is will enable animals to be more intelligent without altering their genes such that we change how an animal's brain works. Animals uplifted in this way would contribute to neurodiversity and make Earth home to more than just one intelligent species.
- Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)
- Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)
- Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)
- Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window)
- Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)
- Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)
- Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)
Bioethics is controversial.
No one endorses the ideas or concepts explored here, not even me.
You will develop a strong opinion about something you find here. I want to hear it. Philosophy is a conversation.
Email me:
popbioethics [at] gmail [dot] com
@PopBioethicsMy Tweets
Long Form ArticlesWhy Mass Effect is the most Important Science Fiction Universe of our Generation


text:
Miguel Cotto: Vintage 'Junito' has boxing world at his feetWritten by Mike Nashed
- font size decrease font size increase font size
- Media
(Images courtesy of Top Rank)
Strangely, much of that sentiment seems to have been reversed with one predictable win over journeyman Delvin Rodriguez (28-6).
Cotto, a former three-division world champion, impressively employed his trademark left hook to finish the overmatched Rodriguez in the third round.
While the performance was worthy of 'turn back the clock' comparisons to his earlier career, lets dispense with the elephant in the room; Delvin was not a sufficient test for Cotto. If it was not the opponent, why are boxing pundits so bullish on the ex-champion's future?
It's simple: he is free as a bird.
Unlike most fighters of his ilk, Cotto has no promotional or network encumbrances. Boxing fans could, realistically, see him in the ring with any high profile fighter from 147 to 160 lbs. in the near future.
How often has this been true of a boxer in recent years?
Answer: rare if not non-existent.
In a sport saturated with contractual impediments, Cotto's is a unique case, arising out of smart planning and good timing. Delvin Rodriguez may not have been a worthy opponent, but his style certainly allowed for an ideal showcase.
Time will tell as to whether this was an example of match making slight of hand, but at least for the moment, Cotto is drawing interest.
So who will Miguel Cotto's next fight be against?
Here are a few realistic scenarios for the seemingly rejuvenated 32 year old:
Sergio Martinez
Rumor mills are abuzz at this possibility. Multiple reports have indicated that the sides have already discussed a middleweight showdown between lineal champion, Martinez and Cotto who would seek to become the first Puerto Rican to capture world titles in four divisions. Lou Dibella, Martinez's promoter, has ties to New York and has orchestrated many big events in the state.
Also, Cotto has a sizeable Puerto Rican following in New York and has sold out many major shows in, among other places; Madison Square Garden and Yankee Stadium. Aside from pitting two of the sport's top names against each other, this match up makes marketing sense in that it would take advantage of Miguel's native following in Dibella's back yard.
Canelo Alvarez
Still one of the biggest draws in the sport, Alvarez has very few options remaining at 154 lbs. His promoter, Golden Boy, has already matched him with their best in the 147 and 154 lbs. weight classes, so Canelo must consider a move to middleweight in order to avoid taking a step back in competition.
If Cotto captures Martinez's belt, a title defense against the Mexican mega star would be a ratings boon. Again, aside from the star power on both sides, the Mexico vs. Puerto Rico sub-plot always sells well.
Floyd Mayweather
With each Mayweather domination since, Cotto's performance in their May 2012 bout looks more and more impressive. Mayweather and promotional partner, Golden Boy, are running out of viable options at welterweight and super welterweight. Cotto was easily the most competitive of Mayweather's last 15 opponents, so a rematch would be somewhat compelling, even if Cotto were to fail in a prior match with Martinez.
Manny Pacquiao
Speaking of dwindling options; unless the ice melts in the Mayweather or Marquez negotiations, Pacquiao really doesn't have a logical next step after Brandon Rios. Promoter, Top Rank, has stubbornly stonewalled its fighters from many potentially in-demand bouts against boxers promoted by other entities.
Cotto, who has a good relationship with Top Rank, was competitive with Pacquiao in the early rounds of their 2009 bout before succumbing to the prime Pacquiao's power. With passing time and with Manny's invincibility having been dashed, this rematch has potential. Cotto is unlikely to return to 147lbs, but Pacquiao has fought as high as 150lbs, so a catch weight should be reachable.
Given their newfound friendship and the fact they share the same trainer, Freddie Roach, a rematch isn't likely anytime soon.
Gennady Golovkin
If Martinez and Cotto meet, the winner is a logical opponent for WBA middleweight champion, Golovkin. Cotto and Golovkin have strong relationships with HBO, which makes this one realistic, though probably not Cotto's most attractive option at the moment.
Golovkin is dangerous and as yet, not in the same marketing stratosphere as those mentioned above.
So, what are we to make of Cotto's myriad of options?
First of all, his best move was to save his battles for the ring.
By not aligning himself with a single promoter or network, he has avoided the gridlock, which has come to dictate most fighters' career plans.
Let's face it, there are many more attractive fights that would not involve Cotto, but at the moment those are nothing more than a dream because of the promotional cold war. So, in the absence of logic, reason and calmer heads prevailing, boxing fans turn their lonely eyes to an old horse for one final sprint to the finish.
Mike Nashed
I am 35 years old and was born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts. I studied journalism at Boston University, but eventually graduated with a degree in the sciences.
Presently, I work in biotechnology and am also an entrepreneur with a business that specializes in sports entertainment.
I particularly enjoy boxing because, of all major sports, it offers the most poignant moments of truth – "the thrill of victory and the agony of defeat."
I presently write for multiple online publications, including BoxRec News, and am typically in attendance for most major US boxing events and believe that my strongest area of understanding is of the business side of boxing.
Increasingly, in recent years, networks and promoters have directed the sport. This aspect is sometimes overlooked, however, I believe that one must have a grasp of the various business relationships/rifts in order to truly understand boxing.
Though complicated, it's a great sport.
I can be reached at email@example.com. Also, follow me on Twitter at @mikenashed.


text:
I want to hear about your relationship with a SO. Shitty relationship or happy one, tell me about it I'm curious.
superwhatsherface 18-21, F 8 Answers 2 Oct 25, 2011
why not just get a life of your own?
Best Answer
I've been married thirteen years and we're happy together. Our relationship is peaceful, with only the odd disagreement here and there, and very private.
Best Answer
8+ years together, newly married, overly comfortable so not very exciting, but as I said - comfortable... he's my best friend- generally happy.
Best Answer
In love with a girl who won't ever love me back, under the thumb of a guy who manages to keep me around because he knows me better than anyone else and falling for a girl I'm afraid to talk to.
Best Answer
yikes.. dont be under the "thumb" of anyone!! :(
Best Answer
been married for 26 years

it's happy

Best Answer
Related Questions
Can someone with anxiety please describe one of their anxiety attacks. I've had one before and I'm curious about others.
Have any girls around my age been in a relationship with an older man? I'm curious to see how they turn out!Hfms99 18-21, F 11 Answers 1 Jan 4, 2015 in Dating & Relationships
ramfield 46-50 1 Answer 2 Mar 30, 2012
1PrettyLittlePsycho1 18-21, F 10 Answers 3 Dec 13, 2012 in Community
I'm curious. Are dating & relationships hard in the military? I've heard cheating is very common. I don't believe that.purplepurp21 22-25, F 9 Answers 2 Feb 15, 2015 in Military
When I'm single, why do I see many happy couples? But when I'm in relationship, why do I see happy single people?HakujitsuSeiten 18-21, F 15 Answers 8 Sep 15, 2012 in Dating & Relationships
How does one go about nicely telling someone you're not interested I a relationship or them at all? I'm trying to not beSayybriana 22-25, F 2 Answers 0 May 19, 2014 in Dating & Relationships
Ever know the kind of person who does one of these; "I'm not happy so no one gets to be happy". I think that's crap.Today my husband and I were going to the fair, we were looking forward to it all week long.. On our way there we got stuck in traffic. It probably took us a extra 40 mins to get...Ballarine 36-40, F 2 Answers 2 Jun 23, 2012
HoneyB3386 31-35, F 3 Answers 0 Apr 26, 2014 in Community
I dont understand y most ppl r happy when they're not high or drunk? Like that makes no sense. I'm curious bout thatIdkwattonamethis 66-70, F 9 Answers 1 Jul 24, 2014 in Hobbies


text:
Freight Brokers Global Services is able to exceed delivery expectations by being involved at time of purchasing. This allows us to remain proactive with each shipment as well as extending the clients transportation department. By monitoring up-coming shipments we are able to pre-allocate and pre-schedule cargo movement as well as communicating and anticipating potential productions problems.
We are dedicated to service commitment monitoring. Our philosophy is to maintain by both excellent communications and strict adherence to our operating procedures. We look at all customer relationships as partnerships and not just vendor/client. Being in a "service only" industry, this is a vital component to our company's effectiveness.


text:
Blacksmith Institute's Institutional Review Board
The Blacksmith Institute has an Institutional Review Board (IRB) in place to review all projects that contain human research subjects. The committee provides oversight for Blacksmith research and remediation projects; ensuring the welfare of human subjects. The IRB consists of a committee of experts that review and assess the research methods and processes involved to maximize the safety and security of the human subjects.
Program Directors submit a standard questionnaire designed by the IRB to the committee. The committee then reviews the submission and provides personalized feedback on the proposal. If the IRB determines the proposal protects the welfare and rights of the involved human subjects, the proposal will be approved. If there are areas that need improvements, the IRB will provide guidance for improvement to be resubmitted. The IRB serves to not only approve research and remediation plans but also works to support the Technical Advisory Board, in general, and the Blacksmith Staff to assure the ethical conduct of research and to guarantee compliance with regulations.