text:
Summary: Calcium-activated BK potassium channel alpha subunit
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BK channel Edit Wikipedia article
The domain structure of BK channels
|Alt. symbols
|Other data
|Chr. 10 q22
|Other data
|Chr. 5 q34
|Other data
|Chr. 3 q26.32
|Alt. symbols
|Other data
|Chr. 3 q26.3-q27
|Alt. symbols
|Other data
|Chr. 22 q11.1
|Other data
|Chr. 12 q15
|Calcium-activated BK potassium channel alpha subunit
BK channels (Big Potassium), also called Maxi-K or slo1, are potassium channels characterized by their large conductance for potassium ions (K+) through cell membranes. These channels are activated (opened) by changes in membrane electrical potential and/or by increases in concentration of intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+).[1][2] Opening of BK channels allows K+ to passively flow through the channel, down the electrochemical gradient. Under typical physiological conditions, this results in an efflux of K+ from the cell, which leads to cell membrane hyperpolarization (an increase in the electrical potential across the cell membrane) and a decrease in cell excitability (a decrease in the probability that the cell will transmit an action potential).[3]
BK channels are essential for the regulation of several key physiological processes including smooth muscle tone and neuronal excitability.[4] They control the contraction of smooth muscle and are involved with the electrical tuning of hair cells in the cochlea. BK channels also contribute to the behavioral effects of ethanol in the worm C. elegans under high exogenous doses (> 100 mM) [5] that have been shown to correspond to biologically relevant internal ethanol concentrations.[6] It remains to be determined if BK channels contribute to intoxication in humans.
As with most other voltage-gated potassium channels, BK channels have a tetrameric structure. Each monomer of the channel-forming alpha subunit is the product of the KCNMA1 gene. Modulatory beta subunits (encoded by KCNMB1, KCNMB2, KCNMB3, or KCNMB4) can associate with the tetrametic channel.
BK channels are a prime example of modular protein evolution. Each BK channel alpha subunit consists of (from N- to C-terminal):
- A unique transmembrane domain (S0)[7] that precedes the 6 transmembrane domains (S1-S6) conserved in all voltage-dependent K+ channels.
- A voltage sensing domain (S1-S4).
- A K+ channel pore domain (S5, selectivity filter, and S6).
- A cytoplasmic C-terminal domain (CTD) consisting of a pair of RCK (Regulator of Conductance of K+) domains that assemble into an octameric gating ring on the intracellular side of the tetrameric channel.[8][9][10][11][12] The CTD contains four primary binding sites for Ca2+, called "calcium bowls", encoded within the second RCK domain of each monomer.[2][8][12][13]
Available X-ray structures:
- 3MT5 - Crystal Structure of the Human BK Gating Apparatus[2]
- 3NAF - Structure of the Intracellular Gating Ring from the Human High-conductance Ca2+ gated K+ Channel (BK Channel)[8]
- 3U6N - Open Structure of the BK channel Gating Ring[13]
BK channels are pharmacological targets for the treatment of several medical disorders including stroke[14] and overactive bladder.[15] Although pharmaceutical companies have attempted to develop synthetic molecules targeting BK channels,[16] their efforts have proved largely ineffective. For instance, BMS-204352, a molecule developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb, failed to improve clinical outcome in stroke patients compared to placebo.[17] However, BKCa channels are reduced in patients suffering from the Fragile X syndrome[18] and the agonist, BMS-204352, corrects some of the deficits observed in Fmr1 knockout mice, a model of Fragile X syndrome.[19]
BK channels have also been found to be activated by exogenous pollutants and endogenous gasotransmitters carbon monoxide[20][21] and hydrogen sulphide.[22]
BK channels can be readily inhibited by a range of compounds including tetraethylammonium (TEA), paxilline,[23] Limbatustoxin, and iberiotoxin.[24]
The BKCa-channel blocker GAL-021 has been investigated for potential use in inhibiting opioid induced respiratory depression without affecting analgesia.[25][26]
See also
- Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1
- Calcium-activated potassium channel
- Voltage-gated potassium channel
- ^ Miller C (2000). "An overview of the potassium channel family". Genome Biology. 1 (4): REVIEWS0004. doi:10.1186/gb-2000-1-4-reviews0004. PMC 138870 . PMID 11178249.
- ^ a b c Yuan P, Leonetti MD, Pico AR, Hsiung Y, MacKinnon R (Jul 2010). "Structure of the human BK channel Ca2+-activation apparatus at 3.0 A resolution". Science. 329 (5988): 182–6. doi:10.1126/science.1190414. PMC 3022345 . PMID 20508092.
- ^ Kyle BD (Aug 2014). "Ion Channels of the Mammalian Urethra". Channels. 8 (5): 393–401. doi:10.4161/19336950.2014.954224. PMC 4594508 . PMID 25483582.
- ^ EntrezGene 3778
- ^ Davies AG, Pierce-Shimomura JT, Kim H, VanHoven MK, Thiele TR, Bonci A, Bargmann CI, McIntire SL (Dec 2003). "A central role of the BK potassium channel in behavioral responses to ethanol in C. elegans". Cell. 115 (6): 655–66. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00979-6. PMID 14675531.
- ^ Alaimo JT, Davis SJ, Song SS, Burnette CR, Grotewiel M, Shelton KL, Pierce-Shimomura JT, Davies AG, Bettinger JC (Nov 2012). "Ethanol metabolism and osmolarity modify behavioral responses to ethanol in C. elegans". Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 36 (11): 1840–50. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01799.x. PMC 3396773 . PMID 22486589.
- ^ Wallner M, Meera P, Toro L (Dec 1996). "Determinant for beta-subunit regulation in high-conductance voltage-activated and Ca(2+)-sensitive K+ channels: an additional transmembrane region at the N terminus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (25): 14922–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.25.14922. PMC 26238 . PMID 8962157.
- ^ a b c Wu Y, Yang Y, Ye S, Jiang Y (Jul 2010). "Structure of the gating ring from the human large-conductance Ca(2+)-gated K(+) channel". Nature. 466 (7304): 393–7. doi:10.1038/nature09252. PMC 2910425 . PMID 20574420.
- ^ Jiang Y, Pico A, Cadene M, Chait BT, MacKinnon R (Mar 2001). "Structure of the RCK domain from the E. coli K+ channel and demonstration of its presence in the human BK channel". Neuron. 29 (3): 593–601. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00236-7. PMID 11301020.
- ^ Pico AR (2003). RCK domain model of calcium activation in BK channels (PhD thesis). New York: The Rockfeller University.
- ^ Yusifov T, Savalli N, Gandhi CS, Ottolia M, Olcese R (Jan 2008). "The RCK2 domain of the human BKCa channel is a calcium sensor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (1): 376–381. doi:10.1073/pnas.0705261105. PMC 2224220 . PMID 18162557.
- ^ a b Schreiber M, Salkoff L (Sep 1997). "A novel calcium-sensing domain in the BK channel". Biophysical Journal. 73 (3): 1355–63. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(97)78168-2. PMC 1181035 . PMID 9284303.
- ^ a b Yuan P, Leonetti MD, Hsiung Y, MacKinnon R (Jan 2012). "Open structure of the Ca2+ gating ring in the high-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel". Nature. 481 (7379): 94–7. doi:10.1038/nature10670. PMC 3319005 . PMID 22139424.
- ^ Gribkoff VK, Starrett JE, Dworetzky SI (Apr 2001). "Maxi-K potassium channels: form, function, and modulation of a class of endogenous regulators of intracellular calcium". The Neuroscientist. 7 (2): 166–77. doi:10.1177/107385840100700211. PMID 11496927.
- ^ Layne JJ, Nausch B, Olesen SP, Nelson MT (Feb 2010). "BK channel activation by NS11021 decreases excitability and contractility of urinary bladder smooth muscle". American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 298 (2): R378–84. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00458.2009. PMC 2828174 . PMID 19923353.
- ^ Gribkoff VK, Winquist RJ (May 2005). "Voltage-gated cation channel modulators for the treatment of stroke". Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs. 14 (5): 579–92. doi:10.1517/13543718.104.22.1689. PMID 15926865.
- ^ Jensen BS (2002). "BMS-204352: a potassium channel opener developed for the treatment of stroke". CNS Drug Reviews. 8 (4): 353–60. doi:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2002.tb00233.x. PMID 12481191.
- ^ Laumonnier F, Roger S, Guérin P, Molinari F, M'rad R, Cahard D, Belhadj A, Halayem M, Persico AM, Elia M, Romano V, Holbert S, Andres C, Chaabouni H, Colleaux L, Constant J, Le Guennec JY, Briault S (2006). "Association of a functional deficit of the BKCa channel, a synaptic regulator of neuronal excitability, with autism and mental retardation". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 163 (9): 1622–1629. doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1622. PMID 16946189.
- ^ Hébert B; Pietropaolo S; Même S; Laudier B; Laugeray A; Doisne N; Quartier A; Lefeuvre S; Got L; Cahard D; Laumonnier F; Crusio WE; Pichon J; Menuet A; Perche O; Briault S (2014). "Rescue of fragile X syndrome phenotypes in Fmr1 KO mice by a BKCa channel opener molecule". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 9: 124. doi:10.1186/s13023-014-0124-6. PMC 4237919 . PMID 25079250.
- ^ Dubuis E, Potier M, Wang R, Vandier C (Feb 2005). "Continuous inhalation of carbon monoxide attenuates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension development presumably through activation of BKCa channels". Cardiovascular Research. 65 (3): 751–61. doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.11.007. PMID 15664403.
- ^ Hou S, Xu R, Heinemann SH, Hoshi T (Mar 2008). "The RCK1 high-affinity Ca2+ sensor confers carbon monoxide sensitivity to Slo1 BK channels". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (10): 4039–43. doi:10.1073/pnas.0800304105. PMC 2268785 . PMID 18316727.
- ^ Sitdikova GF, Weiger TM, Hermann A (Feb 2010). "Hydrogen sulfide increases calcium-activated potassium (BK) channel activity of rat pituitary tumor cells". Pflügers Archiv. 459 (3): 389–97. doi:10.1007/s00424-009-0737-0. PMID 19802723.
- ^ "Paxilline, from Fermentek". Archived from the original on 2008-05-17.
- ^ Candia S, Garcia ML, Latorre R (Aug 1992). "Mode of action of iberiotoxin, a potent blocker of the large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel". Biophysical Journal. 63 (2): 583–90. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(92)81630-2. PMC 1262182 . PMID 1384740.
- ^ McLeod JF, Leempoels JM, Peng SX, Dax SL, Myers LJ, Golder FJ (Nov 2014). "GAL-021, a new intravenous BKCa-channel blocker, is well tolerated and stimulates ventilation in healthy volunteers". Br J Anaesth. 113 (5): 875–83. doi:10.1093/bja/aeu182. PMID 24989775.
- ^ Golder, Francis J.; Dax, Scott; Baby, Santhosh M.; Gruber, Ryan; Hoshi, Toshinori; Ideo, Courtney; Kennedy, Andrew; Peng, Sean; Puskovic, Veljko; Ritchie, David; Woodward, Richard; Wardle, Robert L.; Van Scott, Michael R.; Mannion, James C.; MacIntyre, D. Euan (2015). "Identification and Characterization of GAL-021 as a Novel Breathing Control Modulator". Anesthesiology. 123 (5): 1093–1104. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000844. ISSN 0003-3022. PMID 26352381.
External links
- BK Channels at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- "Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
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Calcium-activated BK potassium channel alpha subunit Provide feedback
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This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR003929
Potassium channels are the most diverse group of the ion channel family [PUBMED:1772658, PUBMED:1879548]. They are important in shaping the action potential, and in neuronal excitability and plasticity [PUBMED:2451788]. The potassium channel family is composed of several functionally distinct isoforms, which can be broadly separated into 2 groups [PUBMED:2555158]: the practically non-inactivating 'delayed' group and the rapidly inactivating 'transient' group.
These are all highly similar proteins, with only small amino acid changes causing the diversity of the voltage-dependent gating mechanism, channel conductance and toxin binding properties. Each type of K+ channel is activated by different signals and conditions depending on their type of regulation: some open in response to depolarisation of the plasma membrane; others in response to hyperpolarisation or an increase in intracellular calcium concentration; some can be regulated by binding of a transmitter, together with intracellular kinases; while others are regulated by GTP-binding proteins or other second messengers [PUBMED:2448635]. In eukaryotic cells, K+ channels are involved in neural signalling and generation of the cardiac rhythm, act as effectors in signal transduction pathways involving G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and may have a role in target cell lysis by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes [PUBMED:1373731]. In prokaryotic cells, they play a role in the maintenance of ionic homeostasis [PUBMED:11178249].
All K+ channels discovered so far possess a core of alpha subunits, each comprising either one or two copies of a highly conserved pore loop domain (P-domain). The P-domain contains the sequence (T/SxxTxGxG), which has been termed the K+ selectivity sequence. In families that contain one P-domain, four subunits assemble to form a selective pathway for K+ across the membrane. However, it remains unclear how the 2 P-domain subunits assemble to form a selective pore. The functional diversity of these families can arise through homo- or hetero-associations of alpha subunits or association with auxiliary cytoplasmic beta subunits. K+ channel subunits containing one pore domain can be assigned into one of two superfamilies: those that possess six transmembrane (TM) domains and those that possess only two TM domains. The six TM domain superfamily can be further subdivided into conserved gene families: the voltage-gated (Kv) channels; the KCNQ channels (originally known as KvLQT channels); the EAG-like K+ channels; and three types of calcium (Ca)-activated K+ channels (BK, IK and SK) [PUBMED:11178249]. The 2TM domain family comprises inward-rectifying K+ channels. In addition, there are K+ channel alpha-subunits that possess two P-domains. These are usually highly regulated K+ selective leak channels.
Ca2+-activated K+ channels are a diverse group of channels that are activated by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. They are found in the majority of nerve cells, where they modulate cell excitability and action potential. Three types of Ca2+-activated K+ channel have been characterised, termed small-conductance (SK), intermediate conductance (IK) and large conductance (BK) respectively [PUBMED:9687354].
BK channels (also referred to as maxi-K channels) are widely expressed in the body, being found in glandular tissue, smooth and skeletal muscle, as well as in neural tissues. They have been demonstrated to regulate arteriolar and airway diameter, and also neurotransmitter release. Each channel complex is thought to be composed of 2 types of subunit; the pore-forming (alpha) subunits and smaller accessory (beta) subunits.
The alpha subunit of the BK channel was initially thought to share the characteristic 6TM organisation of the voltage-gated K+ channels. However, the molecule is now thought to possess an additional TM domain, with an extracellular N terminus and intracellular C terminus. This C-terminal region contains 4 predominantly hydrophobic domains, which are also thought to lie intracellularly. The extracellular N terminus and the first TM region are required for modulation by the beta subunit. The precise location of the Ca2+-binding site that modulates channel activation remains unknown, but it is thought to lie within the C-terminal hydrophobic domains.
Gene Ontology
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|Cellular component
|membrane (GO:0016020)
|Molecular function
|calcium-activated potassium channel activity (GO:0015269)
|Biological process
|potassium ion transport (GO:0006813)
Domain organisation
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Pfam Clan
This family is a member of clan TrkA_C (CL0582), which has the following description:
This superfamily is characterised by families that form part of voltage-gated ion channels found in a wide range of bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes and viruses.
The clan contains the following 3 members:BK_channel_a Castor_Poll_mid TrkA_C
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|Previous IDs:
|Griffiths-Jones SR
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|Average length of the domain:
|96.90 aa
|Average identity of full alignment:
|36 %
|Average coverage of the sequence by the domain:
|9.31 %
HMM information
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build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 26740544 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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- highlight species that are represented in the seed alignment
- expand/collapse the tree or expand it to a given depth
- select a sub-tree or a set of species within the tree and view them graphically or as an alignment
- save a plain text representation of the tree
Please note: for large trees this can take some time. While the tree is loading, you can safely switch away from this tab but if you browse away from the family page entirely, the tree will not be loaded.
There is 1 interaction for this family. More...
We determine these interactions using iPfam, which considers the interactions between residues in three-dimensional protein structures and maps those interactions back to Pfam families. You can find more information about the iPfam algorithm in the journal article that accompanies the website.
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the BK_channel_a domain has been found. There are 14 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein sequence.
Loading structure mapping...


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Personal Relationships
by Ralph and Barbara Alterowitz
After cancer, women often feel they have lost a significant part of themselves and their sexuality. Mourning is natural. Women need to learn ways to cope with this loss. But when mourning locks you in, when you let it act as a kind of emotional quicksand, it compounds the tragedy of loss. Many women feel that their cancer has not just changed their sense of self, but has damaged it.
Helping Children Cope with Your Breast Cancer
by Cynthia Moore, PhD
Open, honest communication with children about breast cancer can be challenging, but it's one of the best ways to help children thrive during your treatment.
Managing Communication Around Cancer Diagnosis Gives Patients Sense of Control
Asserting control over how to communicate — or not communicate — about their illness helps cancer patients overcome feelings of helplessness in a traumatic situation, according to researchers at The University of Texas at Austin.
It's Your Kids' World. You're Just Barfing In It.
by Shelley Lewis
Although our trip had been planned long before I found out I had breast cancer, I couldn't have chosen a better place to go on vacation before chemotherapy. The Italians really know how to enjoy life. There's natural beauty, art, great food and wine, and a pace that forces you to slow down and enjoy it. It was perfect.
Creating Caring Connections
When you or a loved one is diagnosed with cancer, keeping friends and family updated can be difficult. Repetitive explanations and endless phone calls and e-mails are time-consuming and emotionally draining. Fortunately, many Web services provide friends, families, and communities with a central hub to keep in touch, stay informed, and share support.
Cancer Through a Child's Eyes
by Maryann Makekau
When a woman is diagnosed with cancer, it has a powerful ripple effect on all those who know and love her. Hearing those dreaded words, "you have cancer," conjures up thoughts and emotions that can be paralyzing. Sharing the news with others can be even more debilitating, especially when you haven't even had the chance to swallow it yourself!
Supporting Your Partner Through Cancer
Many couples today face the challenge of battling cancer together. "Cancer not only affects those diagnosed, but also the partners who love and care for them," says Robert Miller, MD, radiation oncologist at Wellspring Oncology in Pinellas Park, FL. "Thousands of people are diagnosed with cancer every day, and thousands more step into a new supportive role."
Safeguard Your Family Tree by Creating a Family Medical History
by Catherine Credeur, GSW, OSW-C
Cancer survivors often wonder whether their family members will also experience cancer. I have asked this question myself as a member of a family that has a long cancer history. I also hear this concern from survivors in my role as an oncology social worker. The good news is there are things you can do as a survivor to protect your family.

subset: commoncrawl


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Chagrin Falls, OHUSA
Hometown: Chagrin Falls
February 20, 2011
Stationary right now
Before having a family, I did quite a bit of cycling. I have not cycled too much int his area...looking forward to getting back to it.
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Ex-Chelsea Player To Join United
Craig Levein has been impressed by Cowdenbeath midfielder Morgaro Gomis during his 2 week trial at Tannadice and is considering make his move more permanent.
The 20 year old Frenchman, who used to play for the Chelsea youth team, has been training with Dundee United to give Craig Levein a chance to get a closer look at him.
Levein told the Courier he plans to take his interest further, he said 'I`ll have a chat with Cowdenbeath at the beginning of next week to see if we can sort something out.'
However, the Ghanaian trialist failed to made a good impression and wont be offered a deal.
'The boy did okay but not enough for us to offer him a contract,' said Levein.


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Identify Criminals
Identify Criminals
Thousands of criminals have been apprehended every year because of security cameras. Everyone from bank thieves to people who run red lights have been identified and arrested on video evidence. Homeowners can have this valuable security tool as well by installing a home security camera system on their property. Just like in the movies, thieves, vandals, and other lawbreakers can be identified from recorded video feed if a homeowner has one of these camera systems.
Components of a Good System
The first objective of a home security camera system is to obtain evidence of every crime that occurs on a property. While a security alarm system will alert anyone in the house and emergency services to anyone breaking in, a camera system will be able to prove who committed the crime. With that objective in mind, a camera system cannot operate with a source of electricity. If the power goes out, all of the components in a home security camera system will want a battery backup power supply so that they may continue to function.
A good system also uses a DVR (digital video recorder) box to record video feed to a DVD or hard drive. Weeks of video feed can be recorded without user interaction, and a simple user interface allows the owner to call up any recorded video feed within seconds. The recording is automatic, and some DVR boxes will begin recording over the oldest video feed once its data capacity has been reached. The only drawback to a digital recorder is that once the data has been erased, in most cases it cannot be retrieved. However, the likelihood that a crime will occur without the owner knowing is minimal, and a user of a home security camera system can always turn off the feature that records over past video feed.
Wireless and Wired Camera Systems
In the past, a home security camera system was always wired. Now, wireless cameras have become popular due to their ease of installation and maintenance. A person only has to hook them up to a power supply and configure the signal to send video feed to the recorder. Wired cameras need a direct cable to the recorder, requiring more work to install but having a much stronger video feed signal. Other wireless devices such as cordless phones, remotes, and wireless networks may interfere with wireless camera video feeds, causing distortion to image quality or preventing the signal from reaching the recorder at all. When installing a wireless system, a user should check the image quality of the video feed to verify that the signal is strong and not interfering with other wireless devices.
With a home security camera system, homeowners can rest assured that anyone who breaks into their home or commits a crime on their property will be identified and arrested by the police.
Identify Criminals and keep Lawlessness in Check
Thank you for visiting http://whichfoodisgoodforthebrain.org website and taking the time to read this Identify Criminals article post. I hope this was helpful and useful to your search online. Please do share this website link with your friends. If you would like to read articles on similar topics visit http://arcticfreshwater.net


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I covered the Florida State-Miami game last season at the Orange Bowl. It was not a pleasant experience.
In this day and age, one expects to be able to access the Internet and make cell phone calls. The city of Miami, which puts the funk in dysfunctional, owns the Orange Bowl. It doesn't care if reporters facing night-game deadlines are able to access anything but three typical phone lines. (Dear Miami officials: there is something called wireless; check it out.)
University of Miami folks in charge of making sure that a minimum of preparation is taken basically shrugged their shoulders in a "whadda ya want us to do?'' manner.
After what I considered to be a truly awful experience -- based on just trying to do my job -- I swore to myself that I wouldn't return to the Orange Bowl unless a national championship hinged on the outcome.
Luckily this week, the University of Miami and the Miami Dolphins removed the problem. After this season (which I doubt will take me to Miami to cover any Hurricanes games), Miami is moving from the Orange Bowl to Dolphins Stadium. Hooray.


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By Hamish Johnston
Like many disciplines, physics incorporates words from a number of different languages – and this can often leave a physicist tongue-tied.
How should a native English speaker pronounce Einstein, for example? Should it be the Germanic "Ein-shtein" or the anglicized "Ein-stein"? How should one say De Broglie, Raman or Bernoulli? Should a native English speaker even attempt zitterbewegung, or translate it to "trembling motion"?
I'm sure that some physics terms of English origin are tricky for native speakers of other languages, and their pronunciations are sometimes adjusted accordingly.
Some believe that making an effort to use the original pronunciation shows respect and knowledge of the origin of a word. Others are happy to use the pronunciation they are most comfortable with.
In this week's Facebook poll, we want to know what you think.
Do you try to pronounce physics terms as they sound in their language of origin?
It depends who I'm speaking to
Have your say by taking part in this week's Facebook poll. As always, please feel free to explain your answer by posting a comment on Facebook or below this post.
In last week's poll we asked whether you agree with the principle of academic boycotts. The question arose in response to Stephen Hawking's decision to boycott a prominent conference in Jerusalem in protest against the policies of the Israeli government. The outcome of the poll was very close, with 51% saying "yes" and the remaining 49% saying "no". The poll also attracted a lively discussion on our Facebook page, with several people expressing disappointment that Hawking will not be attending the conference in Jerusalem. One Facebook follower, Frank DiSalle, wrote "I view it as an oxymoron. The purpose of attending a scientific convention or seminar is either a worthy one or it is not. Where it is being held is irrelevant."
Hawking had been set to talk at the 5th annual Israeli Presidential Conference but had changed his mind following correspondence with Palestinian academics. This U-turn disappointed another of our Facebook followers, Jefferson Stafusa Elias Portela, who wrote "I think Hawking should have gone and made the declarations against Israeli politics he meant to do…or not. If other scientists are boycotting it and asking him not to go, his mere presence there would seem to have more of a meaning than anything he said."
Thank you for your participation in the poll and we hope to hear from you again this week.


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26 isn't old! I'm 27 and still have dreams of national champ and all that ****, even moving into world as "giant dreams" that would still be fantastic! There's master divisions for 30+ as well, you never have to give up dreams a lot of the time; it's still good to be realistic, I know without massive dedication and training all over I'll not be a world level, but small steps build a great base.
We seem to be about same body type 230lbs and 6foot 2, and experience wise I'm a couple of years behind you, about 3.5 years trianing at the moment, but have a close training partner where we both realised our guard games were lacking as we worked on our guard passing! So we've knuckled down and just worked on it for the last 6ish months.
So having the same issue with guardthat being guard retention, it's something I'm still focusing on working on!
Agreeing with sweats here: You have to work it if you want to get better at it. The best thing is trying to get some open mat time in with a training partner and just drill that **** as much as you can for as long as you can. Talk to them about what issues you're having, how people pass the most, what you feel works a little for you etc, at your level you guys should be able to troubleshoot most of this between two of you if the other person is at least remotely capable with their guard retention.
Things that helped me get better at this, I watched a lot of instructionals after thinking about what I was sucking at as well as working on it in class. Big noted points I focused on below:
- Make it as hard as possible for them to pass, don't give them the pass (hands, legs, feet whatever!)
- Don't allow them to move around you and let yourself stay flatYOU HAVE TO MOVE!
- If they move through your guard to side, hands up on their shoulder and bicep to avoid them dropping weight in side controlSHOULDER ESCAPE to make distance
- Bring you legs in to a half-or full hook game as they are passing to sideyou gotta move your hips
- Outside De La Riva - this helped my guard retention game immensely, suddenly I wasn't so scared of people passing, I could catch a leg, recover guard/Sweep/Leglock/Back Take, so much opened up with this and it was so easy to work with!
- From closed guard work your flower/Pendulum sweeps, armbars, omoplatasbeing able to threaten with these makes your guard a lot more dangerous and gives the guys trying to pass SO MUCH MORE to think about!
- WARNING - be really careful with your feet position with opening from closed guard, if you have guys with good leglocks, leaving a foot in the wrong place is gonna have you tapping a lot until you work it out. So if you start finding that happening, ask the guys what are the triggers for their setups on them, then investigate on the good'ole YouTubez for the basic setups to see each particular instance and the big "HEY I'M ABOUT TO RIP OFF YOUR LEG" moments.
Guard (closed-open) and guard retention are some of the hardest things in BJJ to work on, I feel: It sucks being underneath, and it sucks being passed. So many times you might think "Oh they've passed my guard" as they move around your legs, and you just lie there and wait for your side control escapes routine to startyou have to be proactive about making it as hard to pass for them as possible, don't just give up they're not passed until you give up the pass to them!


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Rock Climbing
720 Olive Dr., Suite Z, Davis, CA
(530) 757-2902
Open Mon. – Fri. 11-11, Sat. 10-9, Sun. 10-6, Closed Holidays
Public Day Pass is $12.00
Public Equipment Rental is $8.00
Total = $20.00
Student Day Pass is $10.00
Student Equipment Rental is $6.00
Total = $16.00
Children 12 and Under Day Pass is $8.00
Children 12 and Under Equipment Rental is $6.00
Total = $14.00
Children 5 and Under Day Pass* is $5.00
Children 5 and Under Equipment Rental is $3 (harness only- tennis shoes are OK)
Total = $8.00
10-15 minute climbing/safety instruction is $10.00
Rocknasium is an indoor rock climbing facility located 10 miles west of Sacramento in Davis, California. We pride ourselves on making our facility welcoming to people of all ages, abilities and motivations-from a toddler starting to experiment with coordination, to a ten year old's climbing birthday party, to a college student looking for a fun way to exercise, to a hard core climber training for serious competition, to even a married couple preparing for an assault on Yosemite's El Capitan! One of the earliest climbing gyms to open in the country, Rocknasium has 8,000 square feet of climbable terrain in a 3,600 square foot facility. Their climbing ranges in difficulty from super easy to super hard. The facility is fully climate controlled for the scorching 100-degree days of summer and also for the damp, chilly, fog laden weeks of winter.
TGIF Kids Climb: Fridays, 3:30-5:30. will provide young climbers with supervision and assistance from Rocknasium staff members for two hours all at the reasonable cost of $30.00. Please call to reserve your child a spot!
116 N. 16th Street, Sacramento, CA
(916) 341-0100
Open Mon. – Fri. 6am – 10pm, Sat. & Sun. 9am – 6pm
Weekdays after 3 pm and weekends: Adults $16.00, Kids $9.00 (Day Pass)
Weekdays before 3 pm: Adults & Kids $9.00 (Day Pass)
Equipment Rental $6.00
Age 4 and up
Sacramento Pipeworks has some of the most phenomenal climbing terrain that you will ever grab hold of. The main structure offers routes that start at moderate and range toward incredibly challenging. But not to fear, we have a whole wall designed specifically for beginners as well. The bouldering area is large and spacious with tons of impressive terrain.
Friday Night Frenzy:
$9 to get in
$6 for gear
$5 Intro to Climbing class
Intro to Climbing Class:
(Walk-in registration daily)
Enjoy an immediate climbing experience with our instructors as they guide you through the proper use of belay equipment, knot tying and basic top rope climbing. Personal responsibility and safe climbing practices are emphasized. Recommended for first-time climbers, minimum age 14. Please arrive 15 minutes before the schedule class start time.
Monday-Friday 4:30pm, 6pm, 7:30pm
Saturday-Sunday 11:30am, 1pm, 3pm
Length of class will depend on number of students.
Cost: $27.00
(Includes day pass, equipment rental, and class fee.)
Sacramento Public Library
Folsom Public Library
Roseville Public Library
Click here for storytime information.


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A Trifecta of Today's Best Films on the Box
Saturday, July 2, 2016 Filed in: BC on TV
Music lovers – at least lovers of music played by bands including live human drummers instead of computers – shouldn't miss the Amnesty International Human Rights Now! Concert (3pm TCM).
Today's number one film:
Apocalypse Now (Francis Ford Coppola/ 1979/ USA/ War-Drama/ 153 mins/ R for disturbing violent images, language, sexual content and some drug use), BEST FILM OF THE DAY 3pm Turner Classic Movies.Read more


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Introduction to Human-Centered Design
Learn from IDEO.org to use human-centered design for social innovation
Course Details
- Price: FREE
- Start Date: MAY 8, 2018
- Time: 4 hours/week
- Duration: 9 weeks
- Partner: IDEO.org
What You'll Learn:
- Master the 4 steps of the human-centered design process to create innovative solutions to real-world challenges
- Build an effective interview guide to learn and document your use research
- Gain strategies for synthesizing your user research and identifying opportunities for design
- Practice creative techniques to build rapid prototypes and make your ideas come to life
- Learn to effectively test your prototypes with real users and identify promising solutions to begin implementing
Human-centered design (HCD) is a creative approach to problem solving pioneered by the design firm IDEO.
This is an intensive, hands-on learning experience that will challenge you to get out of your chair and out into the real world to talk to people and test your ideas. You'll leave this experience equipped and energized to apply the human-centered design process to challenges across industries, sectors, and geographies to generate breakthrough ideas.
Project-Based Course
Course Syllabus
- 5 reading guides
- 5 workshop guides to structure your own human-centered design project
- 7 videos featuring Tim Brown, David Kelley, Patrice Martin of IDEO, and more
- Supplemental resources
Section 1: Introduction to Human-Centered Design
- Introduction and the Beginner's Mind
- Icebreaker: Visual Telephone
- Discussion: Introduction to Human-Centered Design
- Activity: Mini Design Challenge to Design a Better Commute
Section 2: Inspiration Phase
- Activity: Choose Your Design Challenge
- Discussion: Team Knowledge and Key Assumptions
- Activity: Plan Your Research
- Activity: Build an Interview Guide
- Activity: Conduct Your Research
Section 3: Ideation Phase
- Discussion: Share Stories and Learnings from User Research
- Activity: Cluster Insights into Themes
- Activity: Create Insights Statements
- Activity: Create 'How Might We' Questions
Section 4: Prototyping Phase
- Activity: Brainstorm
- Activity: Select Your Best Ideas
- Activity: Gut Check
- Activity: Create a Storyboard
- Discussion: Determine What to Prototype
- Activity: Start Prototyping
- Activity: Test Your Prototype and Get Feedback
Section 5: Implementation Phase
- Activity: Create an Action Plan
- Activity: Create a Pitch
- Activity: Share Your Solution
- Reflection
- Discussion: Moving Forward
Course Partners
What People Are Saying
"The course has been extremely engaging and informative, and [we] were enthusiastic at the end of the course for the new knowledge and inspiring examples that the online community proposed."
Veronica Polinedrio, Co-Founder of the Welcome Card


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Hotel Capital - Lisbon,Portugal - Hotels.com
- Free continental breakfast and free WiFi
- Select guestrooms
During renovations, the hotel will make every effort to minimize noise and disturbance.
Main amenities
- 20 smoke-free guestrooms
- Private beach
- Self parking
- Area shuttle
- Childcare
- Terrace
- 24-hour front desk
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Front desk safe
- Self-serve laundry
- Multilingual staff
- Free continental breakfast and free WiFi
For families
- Babysitting or childcare (surcharge)
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Terrace
- Daily housekeeping
What's around
- In Avenidas Novas
- Gulbenkian Museum (10-minute walk)
- Rossio Square (37-minute walk)
- Santa Justa Elevator (40-minute walk)
- Campo Pequeno Bullring (6-minute walk)
- Saldanha Square (10-minute walk)
- Hospital Curry Cabral (11-minute walk)
- Atrium Saldanha (12-minute walk)
- El Corte Ingles Mall (14-minute walk)
- National Library (20-minute walk)
- Edward VII Park (21-minute walk)
More great choices
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 20 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 7 floors
- Check-in time 2 PM-midnight
- Check-out time is noon
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
- Minimum check-in age is 18
Travelling with others
- Babysitting/childcare *
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Self parking *
- Area shuttle within 2 km *
Other information
- Smoke-free property
- No alcohol served onsite
In the hotel
- Free continental breakfast
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- 24-hour front desk
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Laundry facilities
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Year Built 1970
- Elevator/lift
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Terrace
In the room
- Air conditioning
- Egyptian-cotton sheets
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer (on request)
- 32-inch flat-screen TV
- Cable TV channels
- Free WiFi
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
Recommended hotels
Hotel Capital - Lisbon,Portugal - Hotels.com 's small print
Also known as
- Capital Lisbon
- Hotel Capital Lisbon
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 1 per person, per night, up to 7 nights. This tax does not apply to children under 13 years of age.
Optional extras
Self parking costs EUR 15 per night
Extended parking is available for an extra charge
Rollaway beds are available for EUR 15 per night
Babysitting/childcare is available for an extra charge
Area shuttle service is offered for an extra charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
What's around Hotel Capital - Lisbon,Portugal - Hotels.com
- In Avenidas Novas
- Gulbenkian Museum (10-minute walk)
- Rossio Square (37-minute walk)
- Santa Justa Elevator (40-minute walk)
- Campo Pequeno Bullring (6-minute walk)
- Saldanha Square (10-minute walk)
- Hospital Curry Cabral (11-minute walk)
- Atrium Saldanha (12-minute walk)
Getting around
- Lisbon (LIS-Humberto Delgado) 10-min drive
- Cascais (CAT) 22-min drive
- Lisbon Entrecampos Station 10-min walk
- Lisbon Roma-Areeiro Station 22-min walk
- Lisbon Sete Rios Station 24-min walk
- Campo Pequeno Station 5-min walk
- Saldanha Station 7-min walk
- Picoas Station 13-min walk
- Self parking (surcharge)
- Extended parking (surcharge)
- Area shuttle (surcharge)
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


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Does Losing your Virginity Hurt?
We often have visitors write in with solutions to each others' problems. Here is a visitor's solution to one of our visitor's questions.
Original Visitor's Question from a 13-20 year old Female
How much does it hurt for a teenage girl to lose her virginity and how does she know if she's ready?
User Submitted Advice from a 13-20 year old Female
I agree . When i gave mine up at the age of 13 , It was Extremely uncomfortable at first , but then after about 7 minutes , I was having funn , Loads of funn.LoL.
The Original Question and RomanceClass Answer


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PDF Document Accessibility
Creating the PDF
There are two ways to create a PDF, either converting a source file, like a PowerPoint or a Word document to a PDF or scanning a hard copy of a document to PDF.
Converting to a PDF
Mac users, Word 2016 on a Mac can create an accessible PDF, but unfortunately previous Mac versions of MS Office cannot be converted to an accessible PDF. Please refer to: Ways to make an accessible PDF on a Mac (if you have an older version of MS Office). Or contact the IT administrative assistant about getting a Work at Home copy of MS Office 2016.
Convert/save-as an accessible PDF from a Microsoft 2016 Word or Powerpoint document:
Start with a well structured, accessible word document or presentation.
- Click the File tab and select Save as. In the Save as type field, select PDF (*.pdf).
- Enter a file name in the File name field.
- Click on the More Options button
- The Save As window should pop up and you will click the Options button under where you can again edit the Filename
- On the Options window, under "Include non-printing information" make sure the Create bookmarks using Headings and Document structure tags for accessibility checkboxes are checked.
- Under PDF options, make sure Bitmap text when fonts may not be embedded is NOT checked.
- Click OK.
- Click Save. This will tag all of the text formatting so page headings and lists are correctly interpreted by a screen reader.
Scanning to PDF
You can scan with the fancy Knowledge Image Center kiosks in each PCC library or in the Faculty Production lab on your campus.
Scanning with Knowledge Imaging Center (KIC) kiosks in the library:
- Place the document on the scanner bed.
- Touch Scan on the interactive touch screen. Then answer the copyright notice/question.
- An image of the scanned page will be displayed on the screen.
- For multiple pages, repeat steps 1 through 3.
- With the default settings, the KIC scanner will create an accessible (and searchable) PDF.
- There are multiple options to output the document:
- Save to USB Drive: To save the document to a flash drive.
- Send via E-mail: To send the document to yourself or other recipients.
- NOTE: When select, a virtual keyboard will be displayed on the touch screen for you to enter the email address. To send multiple email addresses, add a semicolon (;) to separate between each email address.
(This information published in the KIC Help Desk Guide.)
Scanning with the Scanners in the Faculty Production Labs
- Open Adobe Acrobat Pro.
- Under the File menu, select Create > PDF from Scanner and choose Auto-detect Color Mode.
- Follow the instructions from the pop-up window and select your choices (repeat the steps for multiple documents).
- When done, click OK.
- After scanning the document, run optical character recognition on it so the text is readable by screen readers. You can run optical character recognition using Adobe Acrobat Pro (not Acrobat Reader). Optical Character Recognition (OCR) makes the text readable with assistive technology. It also makes your PDF searchable!
Using Adobe Acrobat Pro to make your PDF accessible
If for some reason your PDF isn't accessible and you don't have access to the source file, you can make it accessible using Adobe Acrobat Pro.
Running the Make Accessible Action Wizard
- Open your PDF file.
- Open the Tools panel (click "Tools" in top left) and choose "Action Wizard" within the Customize section.
- The Action Wizard tab will now show on the right hand side of your document.
- Click the Start button
- Description — Enter a descriptive document Title. Other fields are optional.
- Recognize Text — If your PDF contains images of text, it will be converted into true text during this step.
- Detect Form Fields — Skip unless your page contains fillable forms.
- Set Tab Order Property — Runs automatically
- Set Reading Language
- Set Alternate Text — A window will appear that allows you to add alternative text to images. Use the arrows to move between images and check Decorative figure if the image should be ignored by a screen reader.
- Run Accessibility Full Check- This checker will show additional issues.
- Right click errors and warnings and select Fix to address the issues, Skip Rule if the issue has been addressed, and Explain to read online help. You can also run an on-demand check under Tools > Accessibility > Full Check.
Correcting OCR Errors with Adobe Acrobat Pro
- In the Tools panel, under "Recognize Text", click on "Find First Suspect"
- Acrobat will now go through and identify any word conversion it is unsure of and allow you to manually correct them.
- The pop-up window shows you the picture of the suspected word. The text on the page shows you Acrobat's interpretation of the suspected word. To fix spelling, click on the word in the page, enter the correct text, and then click Accept and Find to move to the next suspect.
Proof reading in Acrobat
- To save as a PDF, go to File > Save. For other file types, go to File > Save As and choose from Word, HTML, plain text, and others.
Accessibility checkers
If you don't have Adobe Acrobat Pro, check out the free PDF Accessibility Checker from Access for All.
Adobe Acrobat Professional
Adobe Acrobat Professional has a built-in accessibility checker.
If you have Adobe Acrobat Professional, run an accessibility check on your PDF. You can find the accessibility checker within the Tools area located near the upper left hand corner of Acrobat Pro.
- Click the Tools tab
- Click on "Accessibility" to open the Accessibility panel on the right hand side of your document.
- If you don't see the Accessibility section there, click the View menu and select Tools > Accessibility.
- Select the Full Check button under Accessibility..
- The Accessibility Full Check window will open.
- On the Report and Comment Options:
- Check on Create Accessibility Report and Include repair hints in Accessibility Reports.
- On the Checking Options section:
- Name: Adobe PDF
- Select All items to be checked.
- On the Report and Comment Options:
- Click on the Start Checking button.
- The Accessibility Report will display.
Adobe Acrobat Reader
Even in the free Adobe Acrobat Reader software you can do a Quick Check on the accessibility of your document. (PDF courtesy of JiscTechDis).
Other things you can do to check accessibility with Adobe Acrobat Reader:
- Use Reflow view to quickly check the reading order of the document.
- Use Read Out Loud to experience the document as readers who use the text to speech conversion tool experience it.
Additional Resources
- Cheatsheet: PDF Conversion in Microsoft Word/PowerPoint 2007/2010
- Cheatsheet: Creating Accessible PDFs in Adobe Acrobat X
- Accessing PDF documents with a screen reader
- Free PDF Accessibility Checker from Access for All


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BATTLE CREEK, Mich. (WOOD) — An elderly couple lost everything they own in a fire that ripped through a senior citizen apartment complex Monday night – barely 24 hours after they moved in.
Bobbi Hallax told 24 Hour News 8 that her parents, both in their 80s, moved into an apartment at Lakeview Meadows in Battle Creek on Sunday. The complex, which is an independent living facility, includes apartments for sale and for rent.
>>Photos: Fire at Lakeview Meadows
Hallax said her parents had just sold their home to downsize to the apartment, and since they had barely been in their new home for a day, they had not yet insured their possessions. They lost lost decades worth of belongings in the fire.
Battle Creek dispatchers received the first call about smoke coming out of the complex just before 9 p.m., officials said.
Everyone was evacuated from the buildings, and no one was hurt in the fire, which is still under investigation.
Battle Creek fire officials said 53 units burned in the fire, displacing 50 residents. All but nine of the residents went to stay with family or friends, and the rest were put up in hotels or other living facilities.
"Right now, the building is structurally unsafe," said Battle Creek Fire Chief Dave Schmaltz. "We are not letting anyone in the building."
Lakeview Baptist Church will be accepting donations of goods for those affected by the fire at its 20th Street location between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m. for the next few weeks. Monetary donations may be made by calling the Area Agency on Aging at 269.966.2450. People seeking assistance may also call the Area Agency on Aging at the same number.
"We'll recover," Schmaltz said. "The community is strong, we'll rebuild and people will get their lives back together."


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The Brooklyns won from the Cincinnati team yesterday morning, although they were outbatted by the visitors. The members of the local club played with rare skill and used their bats vigorously at times. The score was:
June 01, 1886
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Our Birds Eye view map of Sioux City, Iowa
|Our Birds Eye view map of Sioux City, Iowa. Originally published by H. Wellge & Co., 1888. The original map is in the collections of the Library's Geography and Maps Division. Our high-resolution giclee print is available on photo quality paper 250 gsm and on stretched canvas. Your image will not be retouched—folds, creases and identification marks are native to the original material from our collections and will appear on this reproduction. We have carefully selected a wooden frame option that beautifully complements the image.


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*Based on a $135,000 Loan Amount with a 80%
LTV and FICO>=740. View our Lot/Land Payment Examples.
Financing available for properties in Texas, Colorado or Utah. Membership eligibility required. Loan subject to credit approval. Minimum loan amount may apply.
† APR = Annual Percentage Rate. The APR is accurate as of 2/15/18.
Mortgage interest rates are subject to change at any time and without notice based on market fluctuations. The rate and term offered to members may differ from the rates reflected above based on the credit history, final loan-to-value, and mortgage loan program. Cash-out refinance transactions may be significantly different than the rates shown above.
Security ServiceCorporate Headquarters
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San Antonio, TX 78249
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GoldieBlox, a social enterprise that makes engineering toys for young girls and took the Internet by storm with a viral video launched last week, has replaced the video with a new version – one that doesn't have the song "Girls" by the Beastie Boys.
To make a long story short, the legal representatives of the Beastie Boys contacted GoldieBlox, claiming (not suing for) copyright infringement of the original video's use of the Beastie Boys' song. According to reports, GoldieBlox had never asked for permission to use the song, but argued that they didn't infringe on any copyrights because the video was a parody, and that they were protected under the doctrine of fair use. GoldieBlox, as a result, felt the need to file for a declaratory judgment (a lawsuit), which is done to declare that their actions are "fair use".
In a quick turn of events, GoldieBlox decided to take the original video down and upload a new one late Tuesday night.
They also wrote an open letter to the Beastie Boys, explaining their actions and hoping to end the fiasco so that everyone can go back to what they were doing, and possibly become friends:
Dear Adam and Mike,
We don't want to fight with you. We love you and we are actually huge fans.
When we made our parody version of your song, 'Girls', we did it with the best of intentions. We wanted to take a song we weren't too proud of, and transform it into a powerful anthem for girls. Over the past week, parents have sent us pictures and videos of their kids singing the new lyrics with pride, building their own Rube Goldberg machines in their living rooms and declaring an interest in engineering. It's been incredible to watch.
Our hearts sank last week when your lawyers called us with threats that we took very seriously. As a small company, we had no choice but to stand up for ourselves. We did so sincerely hoping we could come to a peaceful settlement with you.
We want you to know that when we posted the video, we were completely unaware that the late, great Adam Yauch had requested in his will that the Beastie Boys songs never be used in advertising. Although we believe our parody video falls under fair use, we would like to respect his wishes and yours.
Since actions speak louder than words, we have already removed the song from our video. In addition, we are ready to stop the lawsuit as long as this means we will no longer be under threat from your legal team.
We don't want to spend our time fighting legal battles. We want to inspire the next generation. We want to be good role models. And we want to be your friends.
Debbie + Team GoldieBlox
Social Enterprise Buzz is a media company dedicated to covering social enterprise news from around the world. We publish a range of stories from startups to entrepreneurship, innovation, and finance, which showcase business making the world a better place. Read more.


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Up sweeps the first Screenies Awards.
No more Cone of Shame for you, Dug. Eager for displacement activity from real work, your host finally got round to scrolling down the comments on the best-of the-year post and assembling a readers' top 10 for 2009. The rules …
No more Cone of Shame for you, Dug.
Eager for displacement activity from real work, your host finally got round to scrolling down the comments on the best-of the-year post and assembling a readers' top 10 for 2009. The rules were simple: I counted one vote for every positive comment made about a film. There was — somewhat surprisingly — just the one tie in the lower reaches and, benign dictator that I am, I used my casting vote to separate the two candidates. Here we go…
10. The Wrestler
9. A Serious Man
8. In the Loop
7. Anvil: The Story of Anvil
6. District 9
5. Inglourious Basterds
4. Moon
3. The Hurt Locker
2. Let the Right One In
1. Up.
The results confirm how very wise contributors to this "blog" are. Seven of the top 10 appeared in my own list and only one failed to make my "bubbling under" codicil. The one that got away, In the Loop, got four stars from me on release and could very easily have snuck into the lower reaches of the Screenwriter Ten. Hell, you could write this "blog" yourselves.
A few further points worth noting: the post was set up very shortly after A Serious Man was released, so its true position may be a place or so higher. Also, though I wasn't convinced by Where the Wild Things Are, that picture may, I suspect, have picked up a few votes if it had emerged earlier. Then there's Avatar and Nine. I am not yet allowed to reveal my opinions of either, but a couple of votes may, perhaps, have drifted that way too. It's also worth considering that there were nearly as many negative comments about Inglourious Basterds as there were raves. Quentin's flick thus wins the 2009 Marmite Award for the film you either love or hate.
At any rate, none of this is to take away from Pixar's achievement with Up. The best animated feature Oscar the studio will (barring a miracle) pick up for the picture may mean more to them than this inaugural Screeny, but, in the era before Pixar emerged, it would have been hard to imagine any animated feature winning such an informal poll in The Irish Times. Pinocchio in 1940? Not, I think, over His Girl Friday, Rebecca, The Philadelphia Story and The Grapes of Wrath. I can't imagine Bambi would have beaten Casablanca and The Magnificent Ambersons in 1942.
Anyway, it looks as if it will be a long time before John Lasseter and his crew will be forced to wear the Cone of Shame. Up, up and away.


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Teacher Training
Children's Yoga Teacher Training
Teen Yoga Teacher Training Intensive
More Courses for Continuing Education
Yoga in the K-12 Classroom
Yoga in the Preschool Classroom
Find a KKY Trained Teacher
Children's Yoga en Español (for teachers)
FAQs and Trainee Feedback
On-Demand Kids Yoga Webinars and Courses
Registration Information
We are located at 25 West 23rd Street •
between 5th and 6th Avenues. Our Phone is (646)638-1444 and email firstname.lastname@example.com
© 2015 Karma Kids Yoga. See Terms and Conditions.


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Ship Your Freight in Minutes!
Harbour Air's Parcel Express Service will get your package, parcels and documents to their final destinations on-time and on-budget.
Parcels should not exceed the following dimensions:
|Single Otter
Rates are based upon weight, and delivery options. Please note there are size limitations. For delivery and size inquiries please contact our Freight Department online or by phone at 604.233.3501 (Vancouver) or 250.414.4223 (Victoria).
Rates below are for express terminal-to-terminal service. All rates are subject to change, listed in Canadian funds, and subject to Carbon Offset and Government Sales Tax (GST). For terminal or door-to-door pricing, please contact our Freight Department online or by phone at 604.233.3501.
Are you travelling with a pet? Click Here
Parcel Charge Calculator
Please Note: All weight is in lbs (round numbers only pounds)
*Important Information:
- Harbour Air reserves the right to open a package or parcel(s) at any time to verfiy the contents
- Shippers / Couriers are required to know the contents of the packages and the destination in which they are to be shipped
- Harbour Air does not accept Dangerous Goods for shipment. If you are unsure about an item, please call our freight department
- Harbour Air reserves the right to deny the carriage of any piece of freight.
- Unclaimed items will be held for 30 days. After one month, items will be either discarded or donated if applicable
- Items must be packaged appropriately. Harbour Air does not responsible for damage to any items that are not packaged properly according to the item
- All parcels are shipped on a standby basis, and will be accommodated on the next available flight.
- For SAME DAY terminal- or door-to-door shipments, orders musts be placed prior to 1:00 pm.
- To set up a shipment via our Maple Bay location, please contact our freight department in advance by calling 604.233.3501 (Vancouver).
- Our Comox terminal opens one hour prior to all scheduled departures for freight services. Freight pick up is available within 90 minutes of all scheduled arrivals. Please visit Routes & Schedules to find departure and arrival times.


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Yesterday news broke at HitFix that Marvel intends to re-cast the role of Bruce Banner for The Avengers, replacing Edward Norton who we saw in The Incredible Hulk in 2008. Fans have been generally against the idea as it will mean the character will be played by three different actors in three different movies, which obviously isn't good for continuity.
Now Marvel Studios President of Production Kevin Feige has released a statement on the matter, and from the sounds of it Norton's lack of team spirit may have been a factor in the re-casting decision.
From HitFix:
"We have made the decision to not bring Ed Norton back to portray the title role of Bruce Banner in the Avengers. Our decision is definitely not one based on monetary factors, but instead rooted in the need for an actor who embodies the creativity and collaborative spirit of our other talented cast members. The Avengers demands players who thrive working as part of an ensemble, as evidenced by Robert, Chris H, Chris E, Sam, Scarlett, and all of our talented casts. We are looking to announce a name actor who fulfills these requirements, and is passionate about the iconic role in the coming weeks."
With Comic Con 2010 taking place between July 22-25th we may get an announcement then as there will be panels for both Thor and Captain America.
I would much prefer Ed Norton to return, but if they hire a talented actor it may defuse some of the negativity from fans. I just hope they keep The Hulk's appearance the same as when we saw him in 2008. They can't expect us to just forget two Hulk movies ever happened.
Who do you think should be Bruce Banner 3.0?


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The Downside Of Being Me...In some of my most loving and intimate relationships I was in, I always seemed to pick the girl that didn't like to cuddle. For me, cuddling is almost essential. I love watching a good movie, or just sitting and sharing each other's company with a good cuddle. The thing I love the most is that before we'd each go to sleep, we'd cuddle, and fall asleep in each other's arms. Sadly, with the past two serious girlfriends I've had, neither liked to do this. Perhaps I will find a woman that would love to cuddle up next to me one day. Perhaps not. Either way, I will remain a cuddle loving dope for the rest of my days.
deleted 26-30 4 Responses 2 Sep 21, 2012
Yes, cuddling is a must. I can't imagine not liking to. !!
...WHO IN THEIR RIGHT MIND DOESN'T LIKE TO CUDDLE?... That's the equivalent of hating puppies and rainbows. Good luck. :)
And stay that way some women out there like to be cuddle from a women that knows what she's talking about.
It seems like the most extroverted women I've known, are the least affectionate.. You might need to go find the quiet chick, lol


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Mar 31 2005
Another reason to choose Sonic
MOTD Archives (Sonic.net, Inc.)
Once again, I'm glad to be using an ISP that's willing to take some steps to combat spam and systems abuse. Sonic.net just announced that they will be firewalling any system using high speed DSL. By default, they will be blocking common exploitable ports and port 25. I'll have to look at the list and see what else qualifies.
Sonic is also offering complete firewalling, which I assume means you have to enable ports on an individual basis, and just firewalling port 25. I think this is tremendous service to offer customers. For the people out there who have the technical skills to run their own mail servers, Sonic offers static IP addresses with no firewalling, which is what I'm opting for. It's going to take actions like this from ISP's everywhere to stem the tide of spam.
I'm very glad to see Sonic take these steps to protect their users, and I hope other ISP's take note. As one of the largest independent (largest?) ISP's, I hope Sonic is a group the corporate ISP's are willing to learn from. Are you listening AOL?
Comments Off on Another reason to choose Sonic


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Gas station employee uses bat to hit truck because driver spent too much time at the pumpBy Mason White 3:11 PM May 20, 2016
|Pumping gas at station (illustration)
By: Wayne Morin
(Scroll down for video) Police launched an investigation after a video has emerged, showing a gas station employee in California, using a bat to vandalize a truck because the driver stayed too long at the pump.
The video that was taken with a cellphone shows the female employee of a Valero gas station in Lancaster, counting down before hitting the truck numerous times.
The owner of the truck who identified himself as Ray, said he was shocked by the attack and feared for his safety. Police officers who responded to the scene, arrested the woman on a charge of vandalism.
She was booked into jail, and her bail was set at $20,000.
Ray admitted that he was sitting in his truck making phone calls while he was filling his tank with gas around 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday.
He said that he lost track of time, possibly staying there for about an hour before the employee launched the attack.


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Resort 2014 Runway Trends: Typographic
One quirky print trend that caught our attention from the Resort 2014 runway shows was the use of typography. Often executed in black and white for a more optical effect, we see how various compositions create positive and negative space, accentuating both geometric and organic shapes found in the letters and numbers.
Costume National, Sportmax, and Moschino Cheap And Chic all via Style.com
Background print © Aaryn West


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Contact Info / Websites
Entry #21
derr spend 2 mins. looking for 'make a post' button.
Merry Christmas, Newgrounds! You'll always be a part of me. :) May you havHEY WHY IS BRAD PITT GONE.
I hope you get coal, jerks.
- 2 comments
You must be logged in to comment on this post.
2013-08-23 03:06:52
i like checking ur page once every couple years and readin these and knowin u havent blown ur brains out ;)
numbers responds:
I've liked not having my brains blown out for a couple years ;3
2015-04-18 10:40:05
Congrats on User of the Day!


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Here's FTB and Americana Boogie editor Bill Frater's picks for the best music of 2013. The order is pretty flexible, all twenty albums are great. Click the artist or album links to find out more. The artist's names link to their websites and the CD title links go either Amazon or CD Baby for easy ordering. I will post some of the reader's Top Ten picks soon. Your comments and suggestions (and votes) are welcome!
1. JASON ISBELL – Southeastern
2. DELBERT McCLINTON & GLEN CLARK – Blind, Crippled and Crazy
3. KELLY WILLIS & BRUCE ROBISON – Cheater's Game
4. THE DEVIL MAKES THREE – I'm A Stranger Here
5. PATTY GRIFFIN – American Kid
6. STEVE EARLE – The Low Highway
7. THE BLACK LILLIES – Runaway Freeway Blues
8. TIM O'BRIEN AND DARRELL SCOTT – Memories & Moments
9. NICKI BLUHM AND THE GRAMBLERS – Nicki Bluhm and The Gramblers
10. STURGILL SIMPSON – High Top Mountain
11. MANDO SAENZ – Studebaker
12. EMMYLOU HARRIS & RODNEY CROWELL – Old Yellow Moon
13. PAUL BURCH – Fevers
14. WILLIE SUGARCAPPS – Willie Sugarcapps
15. AUSTIN LUCAS – Stay Reckless
16. GUY CLARK – My Favorite Picture of You
17.ROBBIE FULKS – Gone Away Backward
18. Various Artists – The Big E: A Salute to Steel Guitarist Buddy Emmons
19. GREG TROOPER – Incident on Willow Street
20. BRENNEN LEIGH & NOEL McKAY – Before The World Was Made
Below are a few of the Freight Train Boogie readers' year-end lists…
Here are the albums I listened to most this year:
Kenny Roby – Memories and Birds
Aoife O'Donovan – Fossils
Neko Case – The More….
Robbie Fulks – Gone Away Backwards
Kelly Willis/Bruce Robison – Cheater's Game
Jason Isbell – Southeastern
Emmylou Harris & Rodney Crowell – Old Yellow Moon
Chris Stamey – Lovesick Blues
Willie Sugarcapps
Bob Dylan – Another Self Portrait
(Mark Plott, Greensboro NC)
1) Willie Sugarcapps – Willie Sugarcapps
2) Darrell Scott & Tim O'Brien – Memories and Moments
3) Slaid Cleaves – Still Fighting The War
4) Sam Baker – Say Grace
5) Reckless Kelly – Long Night Moon<
6) Ned Van Go – Lost In The Trouble
7) D B Reilly – Cross My Heart and Hope To Die
8) Guthrie Kennard – Cross Your Heart
9) Holly Williams – The Highway
10) Steve Earle – The Low Highway
That's a really difficult thing to do from so much great music. Thanks again for another great year of shows.
All the best,
Bill Frater
Freight Train Boogie


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Prebiotics Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends And Forecast, 2013 - 2019
Albany, New York, USA (PRWEB) April 02, 2014
Prebiotics are specific foods which increases the growth of bacteria and its activity in the digestive system. Prebiotics are defined as "A selectively fermented ingredient which allows specific changes, both in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microflora that confers benefits upon host well-being and health". Probiotics are also engaged in same role however they are live micro-organism contained food. These foods directly deliver the micro-organisms to the intestine for the digestive activities.
Browse the full report with request TOC at http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/prebiotics.html.
Prebiotics are indigestible dietary fibers which increases the count of healthy bacteria such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. These bacteria do not alter the digestive process but enhances the digestive activities. In addition, prebiotics also boosts the immune system of the body to brawl against the pathogens attack. Moreover, they are also engaged in controlling various problems such as constipation, hemorrhoids, cholesterol, colon cancer and overweight. These dietary fibers are heat resistant and due to this, its property does not get hampered even if they are baked at high temperature.
Prebiotics requirement in the body can be fulfilled through natural and artificial sources. Natural sources include banana, chicory root, onion, wheat bran, Jerusalem artichoke, garlic, leek, asparagus and wheat flour. Artificial sources are the foods which contain dietary fiber insulin. They are also termed as functional food. It includes table spreads, functional beverages, confectionery, yoghurts, cereals, biscuits and breads. These prebiotics can be obtained from sucrose, lactose, spent osmotic sugar solution, yeast cells, pectin and solid waste.
Changing lifestyle has increased the need of prebiotics for a healthy life. Government concerns for dietary supplements has increased as majority of people are facing dietary deficiencies and its related problems such as heart diseases, overweight and diabetes. The Public Health Responsibility Deal Organization of Europe is promoting and educating people about healthy diet which also includes prebiotics. The WHO has recently reported that around 3.4 billion population worldwide is undergoing insufficient diet intake which has caused serious concerns amongst the Governments of various nations. All these factors are expected to support the growth of this market. Despite various efforts, unawareness amongst people is anticipated to hamper the growth of this market.
Related Report: Frozen Processed Food Market
Some of the major market players in prebiotics market are Mead Johnson Nutrition Company, NBTY Inc., GNC Holdings, Inc., Abbott Laboratories, Perrigo Company and other significant players.
This research report analyzes this market depending on its market segments, major geographies, and current market trends. Geographies analyzed under this research report include:
North America
Asia Pacific
Rest of the World
This report provides comprehensive analysis of
Market growth drivers
Factors limiting market growth
Current market trends
Market structure
Market projections for upcoming years
This report is a complete study of current trends in the market, industry growth drivers, and restraints. It provides market projections for the coming years. It includes analysis of recent developments in technology, Porter's five force model analysis and detailed profiles of top industry players. The report also includes a review of micro and macro factors essential for the existing market players and new entrants along with detailed value chain analysis.
Reasons for Buying this Report
This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics
It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth
It provides a technological growth map over time to understand the industry growth rate
It provides a seven-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow
It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future
It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors
It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments
It provides distinctive graphics and exemplified SWOT analysis of major market segments
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The U.S. National Arboretum presents Ulmus 'Frontier', an elm tree of moderate stature with attractive red fall color. 'Frontier' hybrid elm combines a high level of tolerance to Dutch elm disease, moderate resistance to elm leaf beetle, small leaves, and a lovely red-purple autumn coloration. It is perfect for use in smaller landscapes, along city streets, and under power lines. 'Frontier' blazes a trail for elms in the urban landscape.
Hybrid Elm
|Botanical Name:
|Ulmus (carpinifolia x parvifolia) 'Frontier'
|U.S.D.A. Zones 4 - 10
|'Frontier' is a selection that resulted from controlled pollination of U. carpinifolia Geldtisch with U. parvifolia Jacq. by A.M. Townsend in 1971.
|'Frontier' represents the first commercial release of an elm cultivar with spring-flowering (U. carpinifolia) and fall-flowering species (U. parvifolia) as parents. A small to intermediate sized tree with unusual red-purple fall color, this hybrid elm exhibits both a high level of disease tolerance to the fungus that causes Dutch elm disease and moderate resistance to the elm leaf beetle in laboratory and field tests. In addition, 'Frontier' appears highly tolerant to natural infections of elm yellows. Released 1990.
|Height and Width: 25 feet tall
and 15 foot crown spread at 19 years under sod culture.
Habit: Small to intermediate sized, single trunked, upright-pyramidal deciduous tree. Symmetrical shape. Faster growing than male parent, U. parvifolia.
Bark: Smooth, grey-green with orange lenticels, not exfoliating.
Fruit: Rarely flowers, no seed production observed.
|Tolerant of urban conditions. Performed well in diverse locations including California, Ohio, Oregon, Oklahoma and Maryland. Avoid planting close to buildings in areas with high elm leaf beetle populations. Slower growing in sod culture.
|Roots easily from softwood cuttings under mist, 3000-8000 ppm IBA, in 3-5 weeks. 'Frontier' has been propagated successfully by tissue culture.
|Landscape Use:
|Excellent moderately-sized tree for use under power lines, along parking areas and highways, and in landscape plantings.
|Available from wholesale nurseries.
U.S. National Arboretum Plant Introduction
U.S. National Arboretum, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 3501 New York Ave., N.E., Washington, DC 20002
Last Updated March 31, 2011 4:31 PM
URL = ../Newintro/frontie1.html


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The Zamorano Club Keepsake Collection at Honnold Library is a combination of gifts from several members of the club forming a definitive collection. Arranged in chronological sequence by date of presentation, it is partly keyed to the listings in The Zamorano Club: the first half century, 1928–1978, by George E. Fullerton, Cary S. Bliss, Tyrus G. Harmsen, and Edwin H. Carpenter.
The Club, named for the first printer of Alta California, was formally organized on January 25, 1928, and is a group of Los Angeles book collectors, printers, and librarians. Publications, keepsakes, and memorabilia have been issued from the beginning, generally for members only.
For more information:


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I have 5 Classic ASP pages,
4 have just text and javascript in them.
1 has a script to generate an email automatically.
I wish to put this onto a server, but would like to know if it is secure (i.e. for hacking) - what should i have in my code to keep it tight?


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Das Rheingold
Concert Band - Grade 6
Symphonic Suite. Composed by Richard Wagner (1813-1883). Arranged by Christiaan Janssen. Closer. Full score and set of parts. Duration 11:30. Published by Baton Music (BF.BM452-SET).
Item Number: BF.BM452-SET
'Der Ring des Nibelungen' (The Ring of the Nibelung) is a cycle of four epic operas by German composer Richard Wagner (1813-1883). The works are based loosely on characters from the Norse sagas and the Nibelungenlied. 'Das Rheingold' is the first opera in the cycle and Wagner described this opera as a 'Vorabend' (preliminary evening) with 'Die Walkure', 'Siegfried' and 'Gotterdammerung' as the proper Ring. The scale and scope of the story is epic. It follows the struggles of gods, heroes, and several mythical creatures over the eponymous magic Ring that grants domination over the entire world. The drama and intrigue continue through three generations of protagonists, until the final cataclysm at the end of 'Gotterdammerung'. Dutch arranger Christiaan Janssen made a Symphonic Suite of 'Das Rheingold'.