text:
GTC 2012: NVIDIA Announces GeForce GRID Cloud Gaming Platform
NVIDIA puts its head in the clouds
Today at the 2012 NVIDIA GPU Technology Conference (GTC), NVIDIA took the wraps off a new cloud gaming technology that promises to reduce latency and improve the quality of streaming gaming using the power of NVIDIA GPUs. Dubbed GeForce GRID, NVIDIA is offering the technology to online services like Gaikai and OTOY.
The goal of GRID is to bring the promise of "console quality" gaming to every device a user has. The term "console quality" is kind of important here as NVIDIA is trying desperately to not upset all the PC gamers that purchase high-margin GeForce products. The goal of GRID is pretty simple though and should be seen as an evolution of the online streaming gaming that we have covered in the past–like OnLive. Being able to play high quality games on your TV, your computer, your tablet or even your phone without the need for high-performance and power hungry graphics processors through streaming services is what many believe the future of gaming is all about.
GRID starts with the Kepler GPU - what NVIDIA is now dubbing the first "cloud GPU" - that has the capability to virtualize graphics processing while being power efficient. The inclusion of a hardware fixed-function video encoder is important as well as it will aid in the process of compressing images that are delivered over the Internet by the streaming gaming service.
This diagram shows us how the Kepler GPU handles and accelerates the processing required for online gaming services. On the server side, the necessary process for an image to find its way to the user is more than just a simple render to a frame buffer. In current cloud gaming scenarios the frame buffer would have to be copied to the main system memory, compressed on the CPU and then sent via the network connection. With NVIDIA's GRID technology that capture and compression happens on the GPU memory and thus can be on its way to the gamer faster.
The results are H.264 streams that are compressed quickly and efficiently to be sent out over the network and return to the end user on whatever device they are using.
Continue reading our editorial on the new NVIDIA GeForce GRID cloud gaming technology!!
On the client side, GeForce GRID comes into play again to decompress the H.264 stream and then render the final image to be displayed on the device. While this will obviously work on the PC and laptop side of things, there are still questions on whether GRID technology is necessary on the consumer end of phones, tablets and even TVs. Will NVIDIA require Tegra-based tablets and smart phones in order to take advantage of the streaming services with GRID–and does that mean that we will see NVIDIA-powered TVs in the near future?
UPDATE: The answer is no, it does NOT require NVIDIA technology on the decode side and in fact NVIDIA CEO Jen-Hsen Huang said "just about any decent H.264 decoder will work."
The primary benefit of GeForce GRID technology is that it is supposed to lower the latency between rendered images and the time the user sees them–and how soon they can respond to them. The lower bar on this graph, provided by NVIDIA, represents what a typical user's latency would be on a "console gaming system." The times here are pretty vague, though the 100 ms game pipeline and the 66 ms display latency seem somewhat reasonable.
The middle bar represents the first generation of streaming gaming - including services like OnLive - that I have discussed (and berated) in the past. Total latency in this case has gone from 166 ms from game time to display time all the way up to 286 ms with addition of 30 ms of capture and encoding time, 75 ms of network latency and 15 ms of decode latency on the client side.
NVIDIA GRID aims to bring the total latency UNDER that of current generation consoles. You still have latencies for capture, network and decode, though they are noticeably lowered. Game pipeline time is cut in half thanks to the performance of Kepler GPUs, and with the GPUs ability to quickly pass information from the frame buffer to the encoders. Capture and encode has gone from 30 ms down to 10 ms with the fixed function NVENC (hardware video encoder) unit on the Kepler graphics units. Decode time is also decreased on the client side with NVIDIA technology and even network latency is reduced from 75 ms to 30 ms.
Honestly, the only timing reduction I have a problem with is the network latency–how NVIDIA plans to solve the problems of physics involved with network infrastructures needs to be proven. The idea of "estimations" or "predictions" can work with some game types better than others, but I think hardcore gamers are going to skeptical until proven otherwise. The only real answer is to build out more data centers to make sure there is one withint a reasonable distance to the consumer.
Video News
I'm sure that the reason they posted a decreased network latency timer is because they have some sort of more efficient encoding technology that allows the H.264 video to be even smaller in size, which means lower download times, and less network latency. I doubt they meant overcoming the current bandwidth constraints.
Fair enough - though a ping time is a ping time.
Keep in mind that can't do much fancier on the encode because they had admitted to being able to use "just about any H.264 decoder" on the receiving end.
True and true. But ping on a connection (I'm sure they're taking into account the best of the best for internet connections) would probably range between 10 and 25ms. I'm thinking that the time it takes to transfer high quality H.264 video is more substantial than the ping delay, which is why better compression would make sense to me.
I was really just trying to rationalize their statistic there. Otherwise, like you guys said, it would be ridiculous for them to claim that they can somehow make the infrastructure better.
Thanks for the reply by the way. It's nice to see you guys in the comments section. Love the site and the podcast.
I'll have to admit, this is both innovative and terrifying news on the gaming front.
If this takes off, there will be no need for massive gaming computers anymore. It's kind of scary.
I mean, gaikai has leagues lower latency than does onlive. But this is going to give pause to developers who might want to treat cloud gaming as a passing fad.
I, incorrectly, made a prediction in 2008 about the future of gaming. I thought then that a linux live disc would be the future. I was terribly wrong on that front.
Personally, I am interested in a different use case. I am currently learning 3d modeling, and have been using Mudbox on my PC. I would ideally like to use a tablet optimized version, say on my Kindle Fire, to allow me to mold the model with my hands. Using this cloud could give me that, and the latency issues may not matter so much.
NVIDIA talked about that use case pretty specifically, with standard GPU virtualization as an option called NVIDIA VGX. Could be VERY powerful for development!
How can a reviewer say 100ms + 66ms is reasonable for any console?
Typical gaming latencies.
Lan 10ms
Same Coast 30ms
Half US 60-70ms
Across Atlantic +80-100ms
Across Pacific +100-120
Anything else FORGETOBOTUIT.
Please keep in mind that the 100ms from "game time" is there for you even when you are playing on a local display. It is not "latency" in the typical way you are thinking.
something very promising and will also help is Gaikai's non-linear downloads:
maybe they can even get the devices to do part of the processing to counter even more the latency.
This is all very cool, but I for one will need to see it work before I have an opinion. IN THEORY streaming games rendered on the cloud should be quite do-able, maybe not "twitch" mmpfps, but there should be a lot of games that can be handled this way, HOWEVER...
I have been "hurt" before. ONLIVE was sooooooo exciting as a concept, we all waited on pins and needles for it's arival, and we all know how that turned out.
Time will tell, if this does work as well as they say, it may change gaming forever. Time will tell


text:
Obama must enforce law
State legislators from throughout the nation heard a stern lecture from Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius last week.
Clearly, Sebelius was in a mood to browbeat leaders in states that have been reluctant to implement mandates of the new national health care law, "Obamacare." During the National Conference of State Legislatures, Sebelius told them, "This is no longer a political debate. This is what we call the law."
Perhaps she should take that show on the road. A good first stop might be the White House, which does not seem to have gotten the proverbial memo.
How else to explain frequent decisions by President Barack Obama himself to disobey the law? These have not been inconsequential infractions. For example, the White House unilaterally decided businesses should be exempt for a year from part of Obamacare requiring them to provide government-approved health insurance for employees. That will save businesses billions of dollars.
But because ordinary Americans still must obtain insurance, one way or another, Obama's ruling will cost millions of them dearly.
Yes, Obamacare is the law of the land. Would someone remind Obama he's supposed to enforce the law – not break it?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
About the MOGenWeb Project
The Comprehensive Listing of County Home Pages is Here.
About the USGenWeb Project
Pike County Genealogical Information
Pike County Historical Society
Due to the untiring efforts of spammers,
You can leave a message at the
Pike County Genealogy Discussion List
Subscribe to the Pike County Genealogy Discussion List in mail mode by sending a message to:
that contains the word subscribe and nothing else.
Discussion List Archives!
Now you can search the archives of all previous messages sent through the system.
Point your Browser to:
List Archives Search.
There is a new link on the main threaded list archives page:
Keyword searches (simple searches) and advanced searches can be made from the appropriate tab on this page. Advanced searches offer the option to search by the entire message (labeled body), subject field, from field (e-mail address of poster), list (limit search to a single mailing list), date (limit search by a date using these formats -- 10 Jun 2005, Jun 2005, or 2005). A plus or minus sign before a keyword serves to include or exclude the keyword it precedes.
Previously published in RootsWeb Review: 5 July 2006, Vol. 9, No. 27
Submit Your Family Group Sheet Here
Genealogical Services - Books, Research
Boyd Publishing Company
Tombstone Transcription Project
Census project http://www.us-census.org/ or http://www.usgwcensus.org/
Point your browser to GNIS Geographical Locator
State Historical Society of Missouri
Missouri State Genealogical Association
State digital library is available to public
Frontier Families of Missouri from the Upper Louisiana Territory
This database is based upon the PIONEER FAMILIES OF MISSOURI, by Bryan and Rose. It consists of early tax lists, Spanish land grants, census records, military records and extractions from the HISTORY OF MISSOURI, by Louis Houck. This is an on-going project with periodic updates. There are over 20,000 linked families as of July 1999. Coordination of data entry was done by the HANCOCK FAMILY ORGANIZATION, descendants of William Hancock who settled in St. Charles County in 1797.
At the same time, volunteers were found who were willing to coordinate the collection of databases and generally oversee the contents of the web page. The person responsible for this county is Rhonda Stolte Darnell. Contact me if you would like to add your information to the database.
© 2004 Rhonda Stolte Darnell
Site last updated 10/29/2017


text:
My New Show
I am excited to announce that I'll be collaborating with Gurney Productions and TLC to bring you a reality show about my family and life in Hollywood. Not to mention I'll be reprising my role as Nicki on season 4 of "The Exes." This has been an exciting year for me and I can't wait to give you a little peek into my life.
You can find out more about my new project here.
The Exes!
The Queen Latifah Show
Thank you to Dana for having me on The Queen Latifah Show! I had such a wonderful time.
Tune in tomorrow 2/18 and make sure to check your local listings.
My First Episode of The Exes!
I'm so excited that my first episode on The Exes is premiering on New Year's Day at 10/9c on TV Land. Don't forget to set your DVRs!


text:
Brand new Leather shift knob with Red stitching. Universal fit for most vehicles. Dress up and improve the look and feel of your interior.
Fits: Universal
Universal Black Leather Shift Knob with Red Stitching
***Shipping Disclaimer***
No Videos Available.
RETURNS & EXCHANGES - Our Policies and Promises to Our Customers.
30-Days Money Back Guaranteed:
How do I return an item(s) that I purchased?
*Due to the nature of our products use, we usually do not accept returns but exceptions may be considered on a case-by-case basis. We advise that all customers consider the following before an RMA form is submitted.
What do I do if I received an incorrect product(s)? What can I do if my purchased item(s) are defective?
What can I do if my purchased item(s) are defective?


text:
Temperatures remained brisk Friday night throughout Houston. But Usher pushed RodeoHouston past the boiling point during his debut performance.
The R&B and pop heartthrob filled his hourlong set with overtly sexual dance moves, flashes of his six-pack abs and and buckets of sweat — literally. He was dripping wet by the third song.
Usher is the first of three coaches from TV singing competition "The Voice" to take the stage. Adam Levine and Maroon 5 perform Thursday. Blake Shelton returns March 20. It'll be difficult to match Usher's energy.
"Houston, I know this is maybe a little out of sorts," Usher told the crowd of 75,067 (now sixth in all-time paid attendance). "But this happens to be my first rodeo. I wanted it to be a memorable one. But I wanted to do it my way."
Indeed, Usher's first time was unlike anything on the rotating stage in recent memory (Officials worked for four years to bring him to RodeoHouston.) His entrance was preceded by a motorcycle brigade, and he was continually flanked by four female and two male dancers. He wore all black except for a pair of white high-tops and frequently pulled up his shirt to reveal a chiseled chest.
His first several songs — "OMG," an ominous "Love in This Club," "You Make Me Wanna …" — were presentational and polished, like award-show performances. Every dance move was perfect. Every vocal lick was on point. Every dancer gyrated.
"It's a little hot on this stage. I hope you guys don't mind if I get a little comfortable," he said before stripping down to a black tank top. Cue a flood of screams.
It also enabled him to loosen up vocally and musically. He excelled on the simmering heat of "U Remind Me," "Climax" (complete with falsetto) and standout "Burn," which seemed to inspire every audience member to sing along.
Microphone problems, however, plagued him later in the set. A pair of them cut out mid-song and mid-sentence. Usher played it off like a pro.
"We family, right?" he asked while he switched between mics. "We just gon' have a good time. We gon' turn it up!"
He coasted into "Yeah!" and "DJ Got Us Fallin' in Love" — complete with lasers and frenetic dance moves. But the sound problems returned, including a nonworking headset mic that prevented him from dancing.
"It's been a tough one tonight. The mic's been goin' out and (expletive). Oh, I can't say that. The mic's been goin' out and cow (expletive)," he joked. "But there you were, loud and proud, Houston."
So maybe his "Without You" finale wasn't the anthemic ender he intended. But given the circumstances, it still felt triumphant in its own way.


text:
Holidays in Broadchurch
Series 3
The third and final series of Broadchurch has returned to ITV and it is great to see the local area on TV again. We have 3 Holiday Parks within 3 miles of West Bay (Broadchurch) with Lodges, Caravans, Apartments, Bungalows, Safari Tents, Camping Pods and Bell Tents for hire, as well as Pitches for Touring Caravans, Motorhomes and Camping. We also have Caravans and Lodges for Sale. All of the 3 parks are within walking distance of West Bay along the South West Coast Path, which runs over the iconic golden cliffs that were so important in the show.
Visit Broadchurch
If you have been amazed by the beautiful scenery in Broadchurch, why not come and visit West Bay and the West Dorset area by staying on one of our Holiday Parks
Highlands End Holiday Park
Highlands End Holiday Park is spectacularly located on the clifftop overlooking West Bay (Broadchurch). The Lodges and some of the Touring Caravan / Motorhome Pitches on the Park have views out over Broadchurch while some of the other Caravans, Touring Caravans / Motorhome / Camping Pitches overlook the 'Broadchurch Hut' and Eype Beach. The South West Coast Path runs right past the park and it is a 10 minute walk down in to West Bay (Broadchurch). There is a Leisure Club, Bar & Restaurant and Coffee Shop all on the Park, plus a Pitch and Putt Course that overlooks West Bay.
Golden Cap Holiday Park
Golden Cap Holiday Park is located 3 miles west from West Bay (Broadchurch) and is just a 150 yard walk from Seatown Beach and the South West Coast Path. There are seaview Lodges for hire as well as Caravans, Safari Tents and Bell Tents plus Pitches for Touring, Camping and Motorhomes. Walk in either direction east or west and you will have spectacular clifftop views over 99 miles of Jurassic Coastline, including West Bay (Broadchurch).
Graston Copse Holiday Park
Graston Copse Holiday Park is located 3 miles east from West Bay (Broadchurch) near the village of Burton Bradstock. This quiet park is situated in the peaceful Bride Valley next to the river and is a great place to get close to nature. There is a woodland and riverside walk and the village is a 15 minute walk away with its pubs and farm shop and Burton Bradstock beach with its golden cliffs, shown in Broadchurch, a further 15 minute walk. Bridport and West Bay (Broadchurch) are a 3 mile drive away.
Holiday Homes for Sale
If you would like to make regular visits to this beautiful area then why not take a look at the Holiday Homes we have for sale. View our current Sales List online or if you are visiting the area pop up to our Sales Office at Highlands End Holiday Park (DT6 6AR) and see the stunning views over Broadchurch for yourself. As well as having Caravan Holiday Homes for Sale at Highlands End Holiday Park and Golden Cap Holiday Park, we have a new 2017 development of 24 bespoke luxury Lodges at Larkfield Holiday Park known as 'Jurassic Retreat.' The development is just 500 metres from the beach in the idyllic village of Burton Bradstock and is a 5 minute drive from West Bay/Broadchurch.
If you would like to make an enquiry please contact the Sales Team on 01308 426917 or by emailing email@example.com.
View the video below which shows an amazing 'fog waterfall' over the golden cliffs of West Bay taken in October 2016.
View the video below which shows a timelapse of the filming of the final scene of Broadchurch Series 2 from the Cowshed Coffee Shop at Highlands End Holiday Park.
Virtual Tour
Take a look at our fantastic virtual tour of Highlands End Holiday Park, which shows the incredible view over West Bay/Broadchurch from our Holiday Lodges.
Broadchurch Webcams
At Highlands End Holiday Park we have two 'live' 'Broadchurch webcams showing the view over Broadchurch from our Lodges and Pitch and Putt course and another looking over the hut at Eype Beach, which was the crime scene in the first series.
View images of the accommodation and views from Highlands End Holiday Park as well as some photographs from around West Bay (Broadchurch). Images supplied by James Loveridge Photography


text:
REUTERS file
Hank Williams Jr.
Hank Williams Jr. continues to make his feelings about President Obama as well-known as possible, spouting off about the Commander-in-Chief at a music festival Sunday. And this time, his comments are drawing some blowback from a well-known celebrity tweeter: Alec Baldwin.
"We've got a Muslim for a President who hates cowboys, hates cowgirls, hates fishing, hates farming, loves gays, and we hate him!" Williams said to the crowd at Stockyards Music Festival in Fort Worth, Texas, reports DallasNews.com.
According to the report, the country singer also called out "queer guitar pickers" and told liberal politicians to "move to Mexico."
The newspaper reported that the 63-year-old singer's comments were met by applause, with one man "waving a Confederate flag in front of the stage." Williams' choice of words appears to be a new mantra, as he made almost identical comments at the Iowa State Fair in August.
"What a disgusting human being," reader Mark Frisk wrote on DallasNews.com.
"Hank has a right to be upset with Obama," reader David Simmons said. "Obama has voted on weapons bans on a lot of guns that Hank owns, He wants to put extreme taxes on his private jet and tax what ever else is left too. Entertainers suffer the worst in a bad economy because it is a luxury to go to a concert or buy a CD. Obama has done nothing to improve [our] economy."
Reader Rex Curry added, "Hank Williams Jr. and Ted Nugent are great representatives of the Republican party."
But not everyone is so supportive: actor Alec Baldwin has taken to his Twitter account and called Williams out: "If Hank Williams Jr wasn't such a pathetic, wheezing fossil I'd have a talk with him," wrote the actor Tuesday. "I think we need to call Hank Williams Jr what he is.... A broken-down, senile, racist coot."
"I love to insult these right-wingers, draw them out, then block them," he wrote in an earlier tweet.
Williams is a political activist who campaigned for George W. Bush in the 2000 election, rewriting his song "Young Country" to include the lyric, "This is Bush-Cheney Country." In 2008, he altered his song "Family Tradition" to be "McCain-Palin Tradition" in support of that year's GOP ticket.
This July, the rocker released his new album, "Old School, New Rules," featuring several tracks blasting Obama and the state of the country. In an interview with Rolling Stone, he explained, "If I was at my office and I could get to my Internet and list the things like where our economy is –- you don't want to go there with me. I mean, (Obama) is the worst."
Williams' latest comments come nearly a year after he compared Obama to Hitler on Fox News Channel's "Fox and Friends." Reports Sports Illustrated, Williams was discussing the fact that Obama and Vice President Biden played a round of golf with two Republican leaders, commenting, "That'd be like Hitler playing golf with Netanyahu."
While on-air, the show's anchor Gretchen Carlson questioned, "You used the name of one of the most hated people in all of the world to describe, I think, the president."
Williams replied, "Well, that is true. But I'm telling you like it is."
Following the appearance, ESPN pulled the rocker's Monday Night Football theme song from its weekly game-cast.
Williams responded in a statement, "Some of us have strong opinions and are often misunderstood. My analogy was extreme - but it was to make a point. I was simply trying to explain how stupid it seemed to me - how ludicrous that pairing was. They're polar opposites and it made no sense. They don't see eye-to-eye and never will. I have always respected the office of the president."
Related content:


text:
Jay Peak's plans for rec center remain in limbo
copyright the Chronicle February 12, 2014
by Joseph Gresser
JAY—Jay Peak Resort's plan to build a recreation center with a 145-seat movie theater and climbing walls remains in limbo. The Jay Planning Commission and Zoning Board (two bodies with one set of members) tabled the application Monday night until March 10.
The commission came out of a deliberative session that lasted an hour and a half to express its dissatisfaction with the area's provisions for parking for the new facility and concern about the building's effect on the views along Route 242.
The planning commission met Monday night to reconsider the project, which had been refused a permit based on parking and public safety concerns after it was first presented in January.
A delegation from Jay Peak that included President Bill Stenger, Vice-president for Real Estate Development Jake Webster, Walter Elander, the director of mountain planning and development, and Tom Howell, chief of safety and security, laid out plans for the recreation center.
Mr. Webster said it would be a two-story building with a 7,500-square-foot footprint. The structure would be set into a bank overlooking Route 242. Its front, which would face the parking area on the Stateside area of the resort, would be 14 feet high, said Mr. Elander, while the back wall would rise to 22 feet.
Inside, plans call for a 145-seat movie theater, 13 climbing walls, a video and arcade game area, and a horizontal ropes course.
Commission members made a site visit to Jay Peak on February 1 and were shown where the recreation center is to be built. That visit did not allay the commission's concerns about parking, according to the minutes of the visit.
Mr. Howell's explanation of Jay Peak's public safety plans seemed to relieve the commission members of their worries about that part of the plan, as those issues were not brought up at the meeting Monday night. At the February site visit, the minutes say, Jeff Morse, of the Jay Volunteer Fire Department said his department and Missisquoi Valley Ambulance Services make frequent visits to Jay Peak and are satisfied with their ability to get where they need to go.
At Monday's meeting, members of the Jay Planning Commission pressed the resort's people on parking plans. Jay's representatives argued that the center will not substantially increase the number of people using the Stateside parking area, and they sought to lay the commission's concerns to rest by setting aside portions of the existing lot for recreation center patrons and employees.
On days when skiing is good, Mr. Stenger told the commission, most season pass holders arrive early in the morning, ski hard for a few hours and leave before trails get busy at noon. On such days, he said, the recreation center is not likely to see much business before afternoon, he added.
Employees are already offered incentives to carpool to work at Jay Peak, he said, and those incentives will be increased.
"We love our staff, but our guests are the ones who pay their salaries," Mr. Stenger said.
During times when skiing conditions are less favorable, there are fewer people on the slopes and fewer cars in the lot, Mr. Stenger argued.
Mr. Webster said Jay Peak does not intend to promote the movie theater off the mountain, and people who are not already guests at the resort will be encouraged to visit the recreation center during off peak times. He cited the Pump House water park as an example of how Jay Peak tries to manage the flow of visitors.
The Stateside lot will be monitored and if the lot fills up, patrons will be turned away, Mr. Webster said. He said that happens several times a season.
Planning commission member Ron Kapeluck asked about spaces for drivers with disabilities at the center. Mr. Elander said such spaces are considered as part of the overall design for parking at the resort.
Jay Peak has seen an increasing number of patrons with some form of disability, Mr. Stenger said and the area is very aware of the need for parking spaces that allow them to use such facilities as the Water Park and the slopes.
He said he expects people who do not have the full use of their legs to use the climbing walls and other amenities provided by the recreation center.
Jay Peak employees monitor the use of the parking spaces set aside for people with disabilities, Mr. Stenger said. He added that he would be happy to see a State Police trooper pull into the lot and ticket cars that violate state laws prohibiting the use of such spaces by cars lacking the proper permit.
Despite the efforts by Jay Peak, the commission emerged from deliberative session and voted to table the permit request until its next meeting on March 10. It asked the resort to present an overall master parking plan that contains additional parking spaces for the proposed recreation center. The commission also asked Jay Peak to address the impact of the project on Route 242.
The commission's chairman, Peter Fina, said there is concern about having a metal clad building rising 22 feet above a portion of roadway the town has designated as a scenic corridor.
The board did agree to grant temporary approval for the administrative buildings that have been placed below the parking area of the Tramside portion of the resort. The structures were put in their present location when the administration offices were moved during the building of the hotels on that part of the resort.
Under conditions laid out by the board, the resort isn't allowed to put the temporary offices on permanent footings. Jay Peak is also required to present an updated master plan that includes the site where permanent offices will be placed.
Mr. Stenger told the commission he expects to build an office complex somewhere between the two sides of the resort.
The planning commission is slated to pay a site visit to the resort in a year to see how things are progressing.
contact Joseph Gresser at [email protected]
For more free articles from the Chronicle like this one, see our Editor's Picks pages. For all the Chronicle's stories, pick up a print copy or subscribe, either for print or digital editions.


text:
Feline Rhinotracheitis, Calici, Panleukopenia Vaccine (MLV) Single dose protection without the use of needles. Safe in kittens as young as 3 weeks Read More
Feline Rhinotracheitis, Calici, Panleukopenia Vaccine (MLV)
Single dose protection without the use of needles. Safe in kittens as young as 3 weeks of age. Place one drop of vaccine in the corner of each eye. The remaining vaccine is administered by placing the vaccine equally in each nostril as the animal inhales.
Do NOT inject this vaccine.
Annual revaccination is recommended. If vaccinated at less than 12 weeks of age, a second vaccination should be administered at 12-16 weeks of age to assure vaccination against Feline Panleukopenia.
Reviews (6)
"Easy and Economical"
I bought these Feline Focus 3 vaccines for a litter of kittens I took from someone who could not care for them. My daughter held each kitten while I administered the drops. They each sneezed just a little liquid out of their noses. Took only a couple of minutes to do all 4. Since I am not sure of their exact age, I bought a second set to give (or send with them to their new homes) in a few weeks. Ready to find them homes!
"Safest Best FVRCP jeffers has"
This MLV nasal/eye vaccine is safest one I have found at Jeffers recently in single dose. It is not as suggestive in causing inflammation/kidney damage-and such from over vaccination of killed vaccines or inject type. Check current stats and then deal. I have always had excellent protection with two doses 1st 8-9 wks and an additional at NLT 16wks-followed by a single follow up 1 yr later -or 16MONTHS of age-(if) the titers on pano aren't there-HOWEVER using this one-the titer is showing PROTECTION where the others are not as reliable. Considering what is optimal for my animals and any I place I recommend doing the safe -best-and as it goes most economical. THIS IS IT. NOW if Jeffers would get in the PureVax-Meriel -FELV and Rabies they could have all my orders
"Easy to use"
These were easy to use and economical. It is best if one person hold the cat while another administers the drops.
"No problems"
I have two cats that have special needs and can't take the vaccine with the FeLv that I order by the case for the rest of the pride. I've been using this product on both cats for years and have never had any problem. One drop in each eye and the rest in the nose. Yeah, they squirm a bit about inhaling the little bit of liquid, but it's no big deal, especially if you have someone else to hold the cat while you do the drops. You do not need a syringe and a needle, you pull the seal off and the stoppers come out to allow the mixing and then you administer the product with the plastic dropper that is provided.
"Very Frustrating"
Very frustrating wrestling with my kitten to try to get the dropper in her tiny nostrils. She just fought and sneezed it all over me. Waste of money.
"poor method of delivery"
This is the worst method of protection----the manufacturer doesn't give you a syringe to rehydrate the vaccine or to load the dumbest dropper ever. The dropper method of trying to deliver the vaccine into a squirming cat's eyes and nose is ineffective as the animal shakes it's head and sneezes the vaccine everywhere. A complete waste of money and effort.


text:
Conflicts of Interest in Biomedical Research
Additional materials available (4)
Licensed according to this deed.
Published on
Dr. Resnik is a Bioethicist for the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - National Institute of Health. Dr. Resnik has an M.A. and Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and J.D. from Concord University School of Law. He received his B.A. in philosophy from Davidson College. Dr. Resnik was Assistant and Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wyoming (UW) from 1990-1998, and Director of the Center for the Advancement of Ethics at UW from 1995-1998. Dr. Resnik was an Associate and Full Professor of Medical Humanities at the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University (ECU) from 1998-2004, and an Associate Director of the Bioethics Center at ECU and University Health Systems from 1998-2004. Dr. Resnik has published over 100 articles on various topics in philosophy and bioethics and is the author of six books. He serves on several editorial boards and is an Associate Editor of the journal Accountability in Research. Resnik is Vice Chair of the NIEHS IRB (Internal Review Board).
Presentation was supported by the Intramural program of theNIEHS/NIH. It does not represent the views of the NIEHS or NIH. Images used in this presentation were copied from websites using a Google search engine. I claim fair use of these images as this is a non-commercial work.
Sponsored by
Cite this work
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
- David B. Resnik (2008), "Conflicts of Interest in Biomedical Research," Purdue Bioethics Seminar Series, http://nanohub.org/resources/4526.
Burton Morgan Building, Room 121, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN


text:
Fox News Resurrects "Makers vs. Takers" Narrative To Predict Civil War
Blog ››› ››› THOMAS BISHOP
Fox News is again using its own bogus narrative to stoke fears of a civil war in the U.S. between "makers" and "takers," after repeatedly pushing the argument that people who receive government benefits are "takers" and pitting them against "makers."
In a January 3 op-ed, Fox News columnist Arthur Herman wrote that riots in Argentina foreshadowed "a coming civil war between makers and takers" in the U.S. Herman revived former presidential candidate Mitt Romney's infamous 47 percent remarks to argue that that the government is creating a dependency nation of people "unable to fend for themselves -- and increasingly resentful of those who can." He added:
When the economy tanks and the government checks have to shrink, their only alternative is to take to the streets. That's what happening in Argentina, and in Greece; and that's where the growth of government is taking us here, as this current budget deal increases handouts -- and more and more Americans are finding that an unemployment or Social Security disability check is their only life line.
But the concept of society being divided into "makers" and "takers" is a manufactured distinction, one that Fox has pushed aggressively.
In February 2012, Fox host Eric Bolling hyped a study by the Heritage Foundation to complain that the "makers" had less power than the "takers." Bolling's The Five co-host Greg Gutfeld also used the distinction to pit the Occupy movement against the Tea Party in November 2011. In May of 2011, Fox ran a week-long attack on the social safety net by labeling beneficiaries of Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security as "takers":
Fox News also seized on Mitt Romney's 47 percent comments to revive the "makers vs. takers" argument during the 2012 presidential election to claim that people who voted for Obama did so because he gave them "stuff." Fox continued to use Romney's remarks even after he apologized on the channel, telling Fox host Sean Hannity that "I said something that's just completely wrong."
This is not the first time Arthur Herman has invoked such rhetoric. He claimed in a July 2012 FoxNews.com op-ed that "another civil war is coming" between "the Makers and the Takers," with "the 2012 election as its Gettysburg."
- Posted In
- Economy, Jobs, Wages, & Unemployment
- Network/Outlet
- FoxNews.com
- Person
- Arthur Herman
- Show/Publication
- Fox News Network
Instructions for signing up and claiming your comment history are located here.
Updated rules for commenting are here.


text:
Minority and Non-Traditional Law Students / Re: I want to quit my job and sell my house to go to law school.« on: June 02, 2008, 05:27:23 PM »
Beach Bum. My family moved 7 hours from our home town for law school. We rented our house to a family friend and my husband was able to find a job right away. Everything just sort of fell into place, which made me believe that it was the right choice. We have all adjusted, but miss our family back home!


text:
Welcome to Creative Content Experts!
We are a content marketing firm specializing in guest blogger, ghost writer, freelance writer, and SEO services. We can help get your website on the search engine map. Our primary customers are blog owners who need quality content and businesses who need backlinks to their websites.
We produce professional content in line with the goals of our clients. Whether that is an entire campaign of guest blogs aimed at premier websites or a single article, we aim to provide our customers with the best possible content…period.
We have a simple philosophy: answer the question site visitors are looking for. After all, the primary reason visitors come to your blog or website is to solve a problem. If you provide the answer, they're going to be happy with you. We help you and the end-user by carefully crafting copy that is easy to read and easy for search engines to consume.
With thousands of published articles, we have the experience and skills to manage your content or backlink campaigns.


text:
Apple is running their regular back-to-school promotion for students and teachers this summer. Buy a Mac, get a free iPod Touch. Neat deal. But let's say that you're another retail outlet that sells Apple computers, but doesn't offer that deal. Say that you're….Best Buy. How do you convince customers to buy a computer from you, when you can't offer them a free iPod? Well…offer them 18-month financing. Then point out how many RewardZone points they're going to earn. Finally, you could just give up and give them a free iPod…. but only if they ask.
According to an inside source, that's exactly what Best Buy plans to do.


text:
Date: 08/13/2008
Views: 5838
All the images here are available as beautiful prints and cards, printed with archival pigment inks on sumptious archival fine art papers. Just add them to the cart and pay securely through Paypal, or by cheque.
Prices range from around £2.75 for an A6 (approx 6"x4") card, to around £65 for a mounted A3+ Archival fine art print.
To see the full range of prices, just open up the photo page for any image and scroll down to the price list.
Cards are hand-made and individually signed, printed at very high quality with archival inks on quality photo paper and spray-mounted on pre-folded quality white card. The cards are printed with details on the back and are presented in a clear cellophane wrapper.
Prints are made on top quality heavyweight Fine Art papers with Epson K3 archival pigment inks. They are printed to order in very small numbers and individually signed. These prints will not fade in your lifetime- they have an estimated life of over 80 years if framed and kept of of direct sunlight- ie they are a lot more permanent than traditional colour silver prints.
If you are interested in aquiring a framed print ready to hang, this can be done too- please contact me to discuss.
Gift Certificates
If you would like to buy a picture for a gift, but leave the choice to them, you can buy gift cerficates in increments of GBP 10. I will then send you a beautiful complimentary card for you to send to the recipient, with a unique discount code for the value of the gift you purchased. This is applied at the checkout. To buy a gift certificate, just go to the full photo page for any image, and click on the 'Gift Certificate' option in the list of prices under it.
Other sizes
If you require the precise dimensions or would like to know if an image can be produced at a custom size then please do ask for a quotation.
If you have any questions or other requirements, please call me on 07786 936 359, use the contact form from the links above, or email me at tomg@[REMOVE-THIS-BIT]lightpainter.co.uk and I will be happy to discuss them. I also have many more images that are not yet on display here if you have a particular theme or combination in mind.
I will endeavour to post orders within 10 days and to let you know if it will be longer (e.g if I am away for a while)
If you wish to licence any image for editorial, commercial or other use please contact me. Most if not all images can be licenced through www.alamy.com, Photographers Direct, or OzImages, but I prefer to deal with clients directly and cut out the middleman!
If you wish to Make a donation or payment direct using
PayPal click here:


text:
Imager::Search::Driver::BMP24 - Imager::Search driver based on 24-bit BMP
Imager::Search::Driver::BMP24 is a simple default driver for Imager::Search.
It generates a search regular expression that can scan a Windows BMP directly, taking advantage of fast underlying C code that generates these files.
For a 1024x768 screen grab, the result is that the BMP24 driver is 50-100 times faster to generate a search image compated to the HTML24 driver.
See the SUPPORT section of the main Imager::Search module.
Adam Kennedy <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Copyright 2007 - 2011 Adam Kennedy.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
The full text of the license can be found in the LICENSE file included with this module.


text:
The Tennessee Arts Commission has reinstated its popular Arts Build Communities (ABC) grant program. The ABC grant category is designed to provide support for arts projects that broaden access to arts experiences, address community quality of life issues through the arts, and enhance the sustainability of asset-based cultural experiences.
Through the ABC grant program, the Commission seeks to build communities by nurturing artists, arts organizations, and arts supporters in each of Tennessee's 95 counties. ABC grants will be coordinated through a decentralized decision-making and distribution process in partnership with regional designated agencies. A list of designated agencies is available online at: www.tn.gov/arts/guidelines/fy14/guidelinesabcfy14.pdf
"During the year that the Arts Build Communities program was on hiatus, the Commission received overwhelming feedback from past grant recipients and community members statewide about the value of the program," says Anne Pope, executive director of the Tennessee Arts Commission. "It reinforced our understanding about how important ABC has been in helping local communities preserve and grow their cultural assets."
According to Shannon Ford, director of community arts development for the Commission, awards will range from $500 to $2,000. The funds may be used for a variety of quality arts projects. Ten designated agencies administer the ABC program statewide on behalf of the Tennessee Arts Commission in 66 counties. For the 2013-2014 grant cycle the Commission will administer the program directly in 29 Middle Tennessee counties.
"ABC grants provide innovative arts experiences that are new or unfamiliar to community residents, and allow for the development of arts programming that strengthens social networks through community engagement," says Ford. "ABC grants also offer training for emerging artists and arts administrators to develop entrepreneurial skills or innovative strategies for building sustainability."
All events sponsored in part or entirely with ABC funds must be open to the general public. Community involvement is an important component in the planning and implementation of ABC projects.
Applications must be submitted online through the Tennessee Arts Commission's eGrant system by 4:30 p.m. (CT) on July 1, 2013. The ABC online application can be accessed beginning at 8 a.m. (CT) on May 31, 2013 at www.tn.gov/arts. Once there, scroll over "Grants" on the left side of the home page, and click on the eGrant button to access the ABC application. Faxed, mailed, or hand delivered applications will not be accepted.
Prior to submitting an application, qualifying organizations should discuss the program or project proposal with the designated agency, or the Tennessee Arts Commission representative.
For more information on the ABC grant program contact Shannon Ford, director of community arts development, at 615-532-9796 or e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Undergraduate Catalog 2017-2018 > Courses > PHL - Philosophy Course Descriptions
Studies what it is to say that human beings are persons and have freedom and subjectivity; the different powers of the human person, including the powers of understanding, willing, feeling, and loving; the difference between body and soul in human beings, and the unity of the two; and the question of the immortality of the soul. Some classic texts from the tradition of Western philosophy are read. This is a particularly fundamental course that underlies many of the other courses.
Begins by asking what metaphysical questions are. One then poses selected metaphysical questions, such as what becoming is, what time is, what goodness is, what it means for a thing to exist, what the transcendental properties of being are, and, as the supreme question of metaphysics, whether God exists. Some classic texts from the tradition of Western philosophy are read.
Inquires into the significance of moral good and evil in the life of the human person; into moral virtue and vice (or moral character); into moral obligation; right and wrong actions; moral laws and the problem of exceptions; and the place of conscience in the moral life. One also studies the con- temporary debate between consequentialist and deontological ethics, and the claims of ethical relativism. Some classic texts from the tradition of Western philosophy are read.
Is studied not just as an instrument or technique, but as a part of philosophy worthy of being studied in its own right. One inquires into the nature and kinds of concepts and of propositions; the truth and falsity of a proposition; the distinction between synthetic and analytic propositions; syllogistic and other kinds of formal argument; informal arguments; logical fallacies; and the attempt to mathematize logic. One also studies the differences among Aristotelian, Hegelian, empiricist, and other approaches to the issues of logic.
Inquires whether is it possible for the human mind to know anything as it really is, and studies the philosophers who have affirmed and those who have skeptically denied this possibility. One inquires into the place of knowledge in the existence of the human person, asking what it is about persons that enables them to know; one also inquires into the social and historical conditions of knowing. One proceeds to distinguish different kinds and degrees of knowledge, as well as different sources of error. Attention is given throughout to the role of the senses in knowing. Classic texts from the tradition of Western philosophy are read.
Is to be distinguished from PHL 425 (Philosophy of God). The philosophy of religion is an area of philosophy that has only recently been recognized by philosophers. It deals with religious experience and with revelation; with basic religious acts such as faith or despair; with aspects of religious language; with the social dimension of religious existence; with religious perversions, such as idolatry; and with the religious needs and yearnings of the human person.
Studies not the foundational categories of ethics, such as virtue or obligation, but rather very concrete ethical problems, such as questions of sexual morality, abortion, surrogate motherhood, killing in self-defense, a just war, or the nature of our responsibility for the environment. The content of the course will vary from semester to semester, according to the issues chosen by the professor.
Begins with the pre-Socratics and with Socrates and then studies, above all, the thought of Plato and of Aristotle. The main developments in the Hellenistic period, including Stoicism, Skepticism, and Epicureanism are also introduced.
Begins with Plotinus and Augustine and proceeds through Anselm, Bonaventura, Aquinas, and Scotus, to the thinkers of the late Middle Ages.
Begins where PHL 312 leaves off and covers the period from the end of the Middle Ages up to Hume and Leibniz in the 18th century, excluding Kant. It includes Descartes, Pascal, Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, and Wolff.
Deals with the epoch-making philosophy of Kant (1724-1804) and the main philosophers and schools of philosophy in the 19th century, including Hegel, Marx, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche.
Studies primarily the philosophy of St. Thomas himself, whose life and times are reviewed, and who is studied through texts representative of his work. One also studies some of the main trends of subsequent Thomistic philosophy, including some of the leading contemporary Thomists such as Gilson, Maritain, Fabro, Lonergan, and Rahner.
Surveys the major philosophical developments that took place in antiquity and during the medieval period in the Moslem world, in India, and in China. As Maritain noted, a sound philosophical education today requires some exposure to the contributions of the East. The student's grasp of Western philosophy will be strengthened through this course since philosophical development in India and in Greece have much in common.
Starts with the life of St. Francis and the early Franciscan movement, and then studies, above all, the thought of St. Bonaventure, Blessed John Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham. Then attention is drawn to recent thinkers whose work has been influenced by, or resembles, the work of these three.
Studies first the metaphysics of beauty, which involves issues such as beauty and being, beauty and good, and divine beauty. Then one studies beauty in the fine arts, in literature, and in nature. In addition, the place of beauty in the life of the human person is studied. The course even includes questions that do not directly concern beauty, such as the essence of the tragic and of the comic.
Picks up where PHL 316 leaves off. It deals with the main philosophers and schools of philosophy in the 20th century, including phenomenology, existentialism, Thomism, analytic philosophy, and deconstructionism.
Asks what it means to say with Aristotle that man is a social animal, and then studies how modern philosophies of intersubjectivity (Hegel, Scheler, Levinas, von Hildebrand) have contributed to our understanding of the relation of each person to others. One also inquires into the structure of communities such as the family, the state, and mankind, and also how the individual can participate in them in a manner appropriate to his personhood.
Studies the philosophical views expressed in works of literature such as The Divine Comedy, Camus' The Plague, and Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment, examine these views in terms both of their assumption and their philosophical implications. One studies the difference between philosophical statement of truths and the distinctively literary expression of them.
Studies questions first raised by Aristotle in his Physics, such as questions regarding space, time, matter, and number. One is also introduced to the philosophical problems arising from contemporary science, such as from the theory of relativity or the theory of evolution. The philosophical assumptions of some of the sciences are explored. Questions of scientific method are raised.
Inquires whether the existence of God can be proved and studies some of the main attempts to prove it (including the cosmological, the teleological, the ontological, and the moral proofs). One studies the problem of speaking about God without anthropomorphism (that is, speaking in such a way as not to reduce God to finite being). One comes to grips with the main objections to traditional theism, such as those of Kant and Hume, and those of process theology, and with the attempt to disprove the existence of God on the basis of the evil in the world.
Studies the different orders of law, especially the natural moral law and the positive law of the state, and their interrelations; this involves issues such as justice, authority, the is-ought" distinction, the common good, and state punishment. Aquinas' Treatise on Law is typically read, as are modern authors such as Hegel, Kelsen, and Reinach."
Allows one to study this special area of the philosophy of the human person, looking closely at the personal response of love and the interpersonal relationship constituted by love. One studies the role both of the will and of the emotions in the act of loving. The relations between love and happiness, love and unity, and love and morality are explored. Different types of love may be examined, such as eros, agape, love of friendship, and familial loves. Betrothed love and its expression in and through the body sexually are also discussed. Both classical (e.g., Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Aquinas, Scotus, Bernard of Clairvaux) and modern (e.g., Kierkegaard, Buber, Marcel, von Hildebrand, Pieper, Wojtyla) sources are utilized.
Studies closely some classics of philosophy, such as Plato's Republic, Aristotle's Metaphysics, some part of the Summa Theologiae of St. Thomas, Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, and Husserl's Logical Investigations. Sometimes the seminar may center around several related texts. The idea is to study the great works of philosophy in greater depth than is normally possible when they are dealt with in other courses.
Inquires into what the meaning of a word is and into the kind of reality that meaning has. One studies the performative" functions of language, which philosophers have only recently noticed, and also the emotive and prescriptive force of language. One is introduced to recent philosophical studies of grammar and also to the question of function of language in religion. One inquiries into the place of language in the existence of persons, asking whether language is only an instrument of communication and action, or a realm in which the human person dwells."
Requires one to write a major paper not only of research but also, and even primarily, of analysis and reflection. This project is carried out under the direction of a professor and in discussion with other students. Open to non-majors.
Powered by SmartCatalog IQ


text:
GLENDALE — It's been a busy week for international soccer superstar Landon Donovan, but that didn't keep him from taking time out for the little things Thursday.
One day removed from a press conference where he announced his decision to extend his stay with Major League Soccer and the Los Angeles Galaxy and about six hours after news hit that the 31-year-old attacker had been summoned to join the U.S. national team for World Cup qualifying competition, Donovan put his career aside to assist his fans.
PHOTOS: L.A. Galaxy soccer clinic in Glendale
"It's nice to come out and sort of do something different and see kids that don't really care about what's been going on the last two days," said Donovan, whose new contract is for three years and an undisclosed amount, although it's been reported to possibly make him the highest paid player in MLS history. "I enjoy it and I think it's good for us to do and it's good for us to be in the community and do things like this."
Donovan, who's been with the Galaxy since 2005, and former Galaxy standout Clint Mathis headlined an L.A. Galaxy soccer clinic put on for an estimated 150 youth soccer players from Glendale AYSO Region 88 Thursday evening at the Glendale Sports Complex.
"He's the face of U.S. soccer," said AYSO Region 88 Commissioner Aldo Mascheroni, whose chapter caters to Glendale, La Crescenta and offers open registration. "Landon Donovan is the idol of every kid who plays soccer in the U.S., he's their star."
For an hour and a half, Donovan took part in a question-and-answer segment with the kids put on by Mathis, signed autographs, took pictures and watched as the youngsters drilled in a clinic run by Galaxy coaches. His main message to the kids was to have fun in whatever you do now and your career later in life, whether it's soccer, baking or teaching.
Rob Duryee's young son, Cameron, was sporting a Donovan jersey T-shirt that was eventually signed, leaving his mouth and eyes wide open.
"They play [soccer] year round and they watch all the Galaxy games, we go to about eight a year and he's known who Landon Donovan is since he was 5 years old," Rob, whose sons were both in attendance, said of Cameron. "To actually see him out here representing not only the L.A. Galaxy and the MLS, but the U.S. national team is just an honor, he has been so excited for weeks leading up to this."
Alex Camargo, a 15-year-old Glendale resident, couldn't believe he was actually meeting Donovan.
"It feels pretty cool talking to a Major League Soccer player," Camargo said. "I would say he is my favorite player."
It wasn't just the youngsters who were hungry for some Donovan memorabilia. Plenty of adults – AYSO board of directors and Glendale Police Department officers – pleaded for a photo or two with the star. For Donovan, it was all about the kids.
"I grew up playing all over L.A., Glendale included, so it's nice to come out and see these young kids," said Donovan, adding it was his love for L.A. that led to him resigning with the Galaxy. "It makes you realize we're all building the game we want to.
"I wish I would have had the opportunity [to meet a pro] when I was younger, so if we can do that for them that's great. I remember watching games and if I had the chance to meet some of my idols or favorite players that would have been a dream come true. We're building the sport, it's getting better and hopefully this continues generation after generation."
While Thursday may have been a welcome reprieve from the grind of professional athletics, there's plenty left for Donovan and the Galaxy to achieve this season.
With 131 goals, Donovan is three tallies off from setting the league's all-time scoring record — he's already the national team's all-time leader in goals (46) and assists (47). He could also extend his record in MLS Cups to six if the Galaxy were to three-peat.
"The last few years we've been fortunate and won the MLS Cup," Donovan told the crowd of kids who all gathered and grew quiet to hear him speak. "This year we're in position to do so again. We have nine games left, I know you guys will continue coming to support us and I appreciate that. I think we could possibly win a third championship in a row and I hope you guys are there to see it."


text:
This disease entry was made possible due to the generosity of the Kathleen Keany Memorial Foundation, 8502 East Chapman Avenue, Suite 195, Orange, CA 92869, (714) 538-6920.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a relatively rare form of cancer that most commonly develops in the salivary glands or other regions of the head and neck. In some cases, ACC may arise in other primary sites, such as the skin; the breast; the neck of the uterus (cervix) in females, the prostate gland in males; or other areas.
The term "cancer" refers to a group of diseases characterized by abnormal, uncontrolled cellular growth that invades surrounding tissues and may spread (metastasize) to distant bodily tissues or organs via the bloodstream, the lymphatic system, or other means. Different forms of cancer, including adenoid cystic carcinoma, may be classified based upon the cell type involved, the specific nature of the malignancy, the tissues or organs affected, and the disease's clinical course.
ACC tumors are characterized by a distinctive pattern in which abnormal "nests" or cords of certain cells (epithelial cells) surround and/or infiltrate ducts or glandular structures within the affected organ. These structures are typically filled with a mucous-like material or contain abnormal fibrous membranes (hyaline membranes). Such characteristics are apparent during microscopic evaluation of the tumor cells. ACC is considered a low-grade malignancy that has a history of slow growth, but tends to be aggressively invasive and to infiltrate nearby lymph nodes as well as the "sheaths" or coatings surrounding nerve fibers (perineural spaces). This form of cancer may have a tendency to recur later at the site where it first developed (local recurrence) and to spread to distant bodily sites, particularly the lungs, potentially resulting in life-threatening complications.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) primarily occurs during adulthood, although some forms of the disease (e.g., ACC of the lacrimal glands) have been reported among children and adolescents. The average age at symptom onset is variable, depending upon the specific form of ACC present and other factors. (For more information, please see the "Affected Populations" section of this report below.)
In individuals with cancer, including ACC, cells in a particular area of the body may revert to a more primitive form (anaplasia), resulting in uncontrolled cellular growth, local invasion of surrounding tissues, and possible spread to distant bodily tissues or organs (metastasis). ACC has a tendency to spread to nearby lymph nodes and along the coatings on certain nerve fibers (perineural spaces). Lymph nodes have several functions, including trapping and destroying invading microorganisms and other foreign bodies before they are able to enter the bloodstream. Although invasion of regional lymph nodes is a characteristic associated with many cancers, tumor invasion of perineural spaces is a feature that is not often seen.
ACC most commonly arises in the salivary glands or other areas within the head and neck region. The salivary glands release saliva via ducts into the mouth (oral cavity). ACC may develop within large or small (major or minor) salivary glands. There are three pairs of major salivary glands, including those that secrete saliva onto the floor of the mouth (sublingual glands); those located toward the back of the mouth (submandibular glands); and the largest salivary glands (parotid glands), which are located below the ears at the angles of the jaws. There are also numerous minor salivary glands in various areas of the oral cavity, including in the tongue, cheeks, lips, and roof of the mouth (palate), as well as the nasal cavities and sinuses. ACC most commonly develops in minor salivary glands. However, many cases of primary ACC affecting the parotid or submandibular glands have been reported in the medical literature.
Individuals with benign (noncancerous) tumors of the major or minor salivary glands often develop swelling in the affected area with no associated symptoms (asymptomatic). The occurrence of unusual neurologic symptoms may suggest the presence of a malignant growth. Depending upon the specific salivary gland and nerve(s) affected by the malignancy, as well as the tumor's size, such symptoms may include numbness of the lower lip and/or other facial areas; nerve impairment causing weakness of certain facial muscles; ongoing pain; and/or other associated abnormalities.
In individuals with ACC of the salivary glands, recurrences at the primary site of tumor development are not uncommon months or years after treatment. In addition, approximately 40 percent or more of affected individuals may experience metastasis to distant bodily sites, particularly the lungs. According to reports in the literature, those with primary tumors of the submandibular salivary gland may be up to twice as likely to experience distant metastases as those with ACC of the parotid gland.
ACC may also arise in other sites within the head and neck region, such as the glands that produce tears (lacrimal glands). Lacrimal gland ACC may be associated with regional invasion of the bony cavity that contains the eyeball and possible tumor extension within the skull. Although lacrimal gland ACC appears to occur predominantly during adulthood, there have been some reports of the disease in children and adolescents. Some researchers indicate that this form of ACC assumes a somewhat less aggressive course when it occurs among the young.
In rare cases, ACC may also arise in certain skin regions (primary cutaneous ACC). Such malignancies primarily develop on the external ear canal, potentially resulting in pain, discharge of pus and/or blood, and/or other symptoms. ACC of the skin is typically characterized by the development of isolated or multiple reddish (erythematous) nodules or plaques that may vary in size. Such malignancies tend to invade local soft tissue and bone aggressively. Other primary sites of tumor development have been reported, including the scalp, arms or legs, and trunk. Although associated symptoms may vary, findings may include pain, increased sensitivity, or perceiving pain from stimuli not normally associated with pain. In addition, individuals with involvement of the scalp may experience hair loss (alopecia) in the area of tumor growth. ACC of the skin may be associated with infiltration of nerves and, in rare cases, result in distant metastases. In addition, in many affected individuals, local recurrences may develop months or years after surgical removal of the initial lesion.
ACC may also arise within certain organs of the lower or upper respiratory tract, breast, esophagus, neck of the uterus (cervix) in females, prostate gland in males, or other areas.
ACC of the lower respiratory tract most frequently develops in mucous glands of the windpipe (trachea), particularly the upper third of the trachea. (Most primary tracheal cancers tend to develop in the lower third of the windpipe.) The trachea, a tube-like structure, is composed of involuntary muscle, rings of cartilage, and fibrous and elastic tissue. It is lined with mucous membranes. In individuals with tracheal ACC, tumor growth gradually causes obstruction of the windpipe, resulting in difficult or labored breathing; hoarseness; and/or a high-pitched, respiratory sound upon the intake of breath (stridor). Additional symptoms may include a general feeling of ill health (malaise), weight loss, pain, recurrent inflammation of the lungs (pneumonitis), and/or the coughing up of blood.
In ACC of the lower respiratory tract, the malignancy tends to infiltrate regional lymph nodes and may spread along nerves to bone, particularly the spine (vertebrae). More rarely, sites of metastases may include the lungs, liver, brain, kidneys, or other regions.
In some individuals, ACC may also arise in mucous glands of the voice box (larynx), which lies between the throat (pharynx) and the trachea. The larynx is composed of fibrous connective tissue and is lined with mucous membranes. ACC of the larynx most commonly arises in the region beneath the glottis (subglottic region), which is the slit-like opening between the vocal cords. In addition, these tumors may regionally invade the vocal cords. Tumor growth in the subglottic region gradually results in difficulty breathing upon exertion, shortness of breath, and eventual airway obstruction. When the malignancy develops above the opening; between the vocal cords (supraglottic region), it may eventually result in persistent hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and soreness of the throat. In some individuals with ACC of the larynx, a mass may be seen in the neck area. Because this malignancy tends to infiltrate nerves, some affected individuals may also experience associated pain or discomfort. Laryngeal ACC may spread through the bloodstream, as well as via the nerves. Metastatic disease most typically occurs in the lungs; however, other sites may include bone or the brain.
ACC may also arise in the breast. However, the disease course may be markedly different from primary ACC in other regions of the body. For example, ACC of the breast is considered a less aggressive malignancy that is not as likely to invade regional lymph nodes, metastasize, or locally recur. Researchers attribute such characteristics to several possible factors, such as slower overall tumor growth, relatively small tumor size, and an increased ability to remove all traces of such malignancies surgically, as opposed to ACC in other primary sites. However, this malignancy may invade adjacent tissue and infiltrate nerves. In addition, although considered extremely rare, local recurrences may develop and metastatic disease may occur months or years after surgical removal of the primary tumor. The most common site of metastatic disease is the lung. Other, more rarely reported areas of metastasis include lymph nodes, soft tissue, bone, the brain, and the kidneys. These rare cases of local recurrence and metastasis have been attributed to incomplete removal of the primary tumor.
According to reports in the medical literature, only one breast is affected. To date, no cases have been reported in which both breasts developed ACC. ACC of the breast is characterized by the development of a slowly enlarging, moveable mass that may cause tenderness or pain, unlike some other forms of breast cancer. Tumors tend to develop in the region of the nipple or areola, the pigmented, circular area of skin surrounding the nipple. Findings that may be associated with other malignancies in this region, such as bloody discharge, indentation of the nipple, and/or tumor invasion of the chest muscle, appear to be uncommon in association with ACC.
Other rare primary sites of ACC may include the esophagus, the neck of the uterus (cervix) in females, and the prostate gland in males. The esophagus, which is the muscular tube that transports food from the throat to the stomach, is also lined with mucous membranes. The term "adenoid cystic carcinoma" has been used to describe two quite different, rare forms of esophageal cancer. The more common of the two is mistakenly identified as ACC; instead, it is more accurately identified as "basaloid squamous carcinoma." This malignancy aggressively invades nearby tissues and typically metastasizes late in the disease's course, predominantly to the lungs. Other metastatic sites may include soft tissues, the liver, or the brain. "True" ACC of the esophagus, which is extremely rare, has the same cellular structure and composition as ACC of the salivary glands and other areas of the body. As with ACC of the salivary gland, true esophageal ACC is a slow-growing malignancy that may be prone to perineural invasion, local recurrences, and distant metastases. Initially, affected individuals may have problems swallowing solids. With increasing tumor growth, they may have difficulties swallowing soft foods as well as liquids, including even saliva in some cases. This typically results in regurgitation of food and liquids, with associated weight loss.
Rarely, ACC may arise in the cervix, particularly in females after menopause. The cervix is a relatively small organ that forms the lower region and neck of the uterus. Initial symptoms may include a watery or blood-stained discharge or vaginal bleeding in association with a relatively large cervical mass. This form of ACC may also tend to recur and may spread to distant sites.
In some males, ACC may arise in the prostate gland, an organ that is part of the male reproductive system. This rare form of ACC is considered a subtype of prostate adenocarcinoma, a common form of prostate cancer. Symptoms may include poor flow of urine, increased frequency of urination, and/or difficulties beginning urination due to enlargement of the prostate gland and associated obstruction of the urinary tract.
Rarely, ACC may arise in other regions of the body. The specific symptoms and clinical course may vary from case to case, depending upon the primary tumor site, size, nature, progression, and other factors.
As discussed above, most forms of ACC may tend to recur locally and to spread to distant bodily sites. Many researchers attribute local recurrences to incomplete surgical removal of microscopic traces of the malignancy. In addition, local recurrences may more commonly occur if the primary tumor is advanced when first detected. Some studies suggest that most local recurrences tend to occur by about three to three and a half years after initial therapy. In addition, the average time between initial treatment for ACC and metastasis is thought to be approximately eight years. However, depending upon the primary site and other factors, infiltration of surrounding tissues and distant metastases may also be relatively common at diagnosis, occurring in up to approximately one-third of individuals with ACC. Due to the slow-growing nature of ACC, survival may be long-term, even in those with advanced tumor involvement, local recurrences, and/or distant metastases. However, it is important to note that overall clinical course may vary greatly from case to case.
The exact underlying cause of adenoid cystic carcinoma is unknown. Researchers speculate that genetic and immunologic abnormalities, environmental factors (e.g., exposure to ultraviolet rays, certain chemicals, ionizing radiation), diet, stress, and/or other factors may play contributing roles in causing specific types of cancer. Investigators are conducting ongoing basic research to learn more about the many factors that may result in cancer.
In individuals with cancer, including ACC, malignancies may develop due to abnormal changes in the structure and orientation of certain cells. The specific cause of such changes is unknown. However, current research suggests that abnormalities of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which is the carrier of the body's genetic code, are the underlying basis of cellular malignant transformation. These abnormal genetic changes may occur spontaneously for unknown reasons or, more rarely, may be inherited.
In cells that have undergone malignant transformation, there is typically reversion to a less specialized, more primitive form (anaplasia or loss of "differentiation"), meaning that they are no longer capable of performing their "intended," specialized functions within the tissue in question. Malignant cells pass their abnormal changes on to all their "daughter" cells and typically grow and divide at an unusually rapid, uncontrolled rate that cannot be contained by the body's natural immune defenses. Eventually, such proliferation of abnormal cells may result in formation of a mass known as a tumor (neoplasm). Disease progression may be characterized by invasion of surrounding tissues, infiltration of regional lymph nodes, and spread of the malignancy via the bloodstream, the lymphatic circulation, or other means to other bodily tissues and organs.
Research is ongoing to isolate and characterize the specific genes in which abnormalities in or loss of their expression may play a role in ACC development or progression. Such information concerning the molecular changes in ACC may ultimately be helpful in improving the diagnosis and treatment of this cancer.
ACC primarily affects adults, although some forms have been reported during childhood and adolescence, such as ACC of the lacrimal glands. The average age at disease onset may vary from case to case, depending upon the form of ACC present and other factors. The ratio of males to females with the disease may also be variable, based upon the specific form of ACC in question.
ACC of the salivary glands, the most common form of the disease, is thought to account for approximately 25 percent of malignant salivary gland tumors. It typically develops from early to late adulthood. ACC of the lower respiratory tract accounts for less than one percent (0.1 to 0.2 percent) of all primary lung tumors. It appears to affect males and females relatively equally, and most commonly occurs during the fifth decade of life. ACC of the larynx has been reported in individuals ranging from approximately 25 to 75 years of age, with most cases occurring in the fifth to sixth decade of life. Males and females appear to be equally affected. Primary ACC of the breast is extremely rare, representing less than one percent of all breast cancers (0.1 percent). This form of ACC primarily occurs in females. In the few reported cases among males, disease presentation and course have been similar to that seen in affected females. This malignancy tends to become apparent during mid to late adulthood. In females, ACC of the cervix typically becomes apparent after menopause. However, there are a few reports of the disease in younger females. Prostate ACC also tends to develop during or after middle age.
As mentioned above, the term "adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus" has been used to describe two different, rare forms of cancer. "True" ACC is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported in the medical literature. The more common of the two entities, which is more appropriately termed "basaloid squamous carcinoma," has been reported in individuals who range in age from approximately 35 to 85 years. Although initial reports indicated that females were primarily affected, later descriptions have found a higher incidence in males.
The diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma is based upon a thorough clinical evaluation, characteristic symptoms and physical findings, a detailed patient history, and a variety of specialized tests. Such testing includes microscopic evaluation of tumor cells.
In individuals with ACC of the salivary glands, physical examination may reveal the presence of a hard fixed mass, and certain neurologic symptoms, such as facial numbness, weakness, or pain due to involvement of particular nerves. In some cases, a diagnostic technique may be performed in which a thin, hollow needle is used to withdraw small samples of tissue from the salivary glands (fine-needle biopsy).
Specialized imaging techniques may be used to help evaluate the size, placement, and extension of the tumor and to serve as an aid for future surgical procedures, among individuals with ACC of the salivary glands or other regions of the head and neck. Such imaging techniques may include computerized tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). During CT scanning, a computer and x-rays are used to create a film showing cross-sectional images of certain tissue structures. An MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce cross-sectional images of particular organs and bodily tissues. Laboratory tests and specialized imaging tests may also be conducted to determine possible infiltration of regional lymph nodes and the presence of distant metastases.
In addition, in some individuals, the diagnosis of ACC may be established through the surgical removal of a portion of an affected salivary gland and microscopic evaluation of tumor tissue. Similar clinical, biopsy, laboratory, and imaging techniques may be used to evaluate and confirm the diagnosis of other primary ACC tumors.
Among individuals with ACC of the lower respiratory tract, such as tracheal ACC, diagnostic testing often includes the use of a flexible instrument (inserted through the mouth or nose) that produces an image of the trachea and the air passages of the lungs. During this procedure, biopsy samples are also obtained for microscopic evaluation. In addition, a series of procedures may be performed to evaluate the function of the lungs (pulmonary function tests), particularly among older individuals being considered as surgical candidates.
Diagnostic testing for ACC of the larynx may include direct visual examination with a flexible, tube-like instrument (direct laryngoscopy) or indirect observation of the larynx's interior with a mirror. Small samples of laryngeal tissue are also removed for microscopic examination.
In females with ACC of the breast, mammograms are typically performed. Fine-needle biopsy, microscopic evaluation of tumor tissue, and other laboratory techniques may then be performed to confirm ACC and to help characterize the nature of the malignancy. Some researchers suggest that the diagnosis and initial treatment of ACC of the breast should include surgical removal and microscopic evaluation of the malignancy. Unlike with many other forms of breast cancer, routine sampling of regional lymph nodes during initial surgery may be of questionable value, since involvement of regional lymph nodes is thought to be extremely rare with ACC of the breast.
In those with ACC of the esophagus, diagnostic testing may include barium x-ray procedures, during which a mixture containing water and a metallic chemical (barium) is swallowed. Because barium is impenetrable by x-rays, subsequent imaging of the digestive tract may help to reveal the nature and extent of the esophageal tumor. Diagnostic procedures may also include endoscopy, during which a flexible, tube-like instrument is used to visualize the esophagus and to obtain biopsy samples. Microscopic evaluation of biopsy samples may help to differentiate between "true ACC" and other forms of esophageal cancer.
In females with cervical ACC, diagnostic testing may include specialized tests to detect abnormal cellular changes in the cervix (cervical smear test), examination of the cervix with a magnifying instrument (colposcopy), and biopsy. In males with ACC of the prostate gland, clinical examination of the prostate (which may be felt through the rectum) may reveal the presence of a hard mass. Diagnostic testing may include blood studies, specialized imaging of the urinary tract (pyelography), the use of high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the prostate and other internal organs (ultrasonography), biopsies, and/or other tests.
The therapeutic management of individuals with ACC may require the coordinated efforts of a team of medical professionals, such as physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer (medical oncologists), specialists in the use of radiation to treat cancer (radiation oncologists), surgeons, oncology nurses, and other specialists (depending upon the primary tumor site).
Specific therapeutic procedures and interventions may vary, depending upon numerous factors, such as primary tumor location, extent of the primary tumor (stage), and degree of malignancy (grade), whether the tumor has spread to lymph nodes or distant sites, individual's age and general health; and/or other elements. Decisions concerning the use of particular interventions should be made by physicians and other members of the health care team in careful consultation with the patient, based upon the specifics of his or her case; a thorough discussion of the potential benefits and risks; patient preference, and other appropriate factors.
In many individuals with ACC, standard therapy includes surgical removal of the malignancy and affected tissue. Depending upon the location of the primary tumor, surgical procedures may also include the use of certain reconstructive techniques (e.g., tracheal reconstruction in those with severe ACC involving the windpipe).
In addition, based upon primary tumor site, size, and other factors, recommended standard therapy may often include postoperative radiation to help treat known or possible residual disease. If initial surgery is not an option due to the specific location and/or progression of the malignancy, therapy may include radiation alone. Radiation therapy preferentially destroys or injures rapidly dividing cells, primarily cancerous cells. However, some healthy cells (e.g., hair follicles, bone marrow, etc.) may also be damaged, leading to certain side effects. Thus, during such therapy, the radiation is passed through diseased tissue in carefully calculated dosages to destroy cancer cells while minimizing exposure and damage to normal cells. Radiation therapy works to destroy cancer cells by depositing energy that damages their genetic material, preventing or slowing their growth and replication. Various types of radiation may be used–again, depending on cancer type, location, stage and grade, prior treatments, etc.–including conventional external radiotherapy (e.g., standard photon and/or electron treatments) and/or, in some selected cases, neutron radiation. (For more on neutron radiation, please see "Investigational Therapies" below.)
For some affected individuals, particularly those who have locally advanced, metastatic, or recurrent disease, therapy with certain anticancer drugs (chemotherapy) may also be recommended, possibly in combination with surgical procedures and/or radiation, physicians may recommend combination therapy with multiple chemotherapeutic drugs that have different modes of action in destroying tumor cells and/or preventing them from multiplying. In most cases, however, chemotherapy has had only limited success in slowing or stopping progression of ACC. The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of ACC remains under investigation. (Please see the "Investigational Therapies" section below.)
More specifically, depending upon the primary tumor site and other factors, particular surgical procedures and/or other therapies may be conducted.
Among individuals with ACC of the salivary glands, postoperative radiotherapy is playing an increasingly important, common role in treatment. In some cases, radiation therapy alone may be recommended, such as when the malignancy encases a nerve.
In individuals with ACC of the lacrimal glands, treatment may consist of surgical removal of the tumor, removal of the eye and associated tissues in case of local infiltration, and possible postoperative radiation therapy. Affected individuals may then undergo surgical reconstructive techniques and be fitted with an artificial ocular device. However, in other cases, such as among children who may tend to have a less malignant course, other measures may be considered appropriate.
In individuals with primary ACC of the skin, treatment typically includes surgical removal of affected skin areas and possible radiation therapy.
In those with ACC of the lower respiratory tract, standard treatment also includes surgical removal of all microscopic traces of the tumor. Depending upon the extent and location of tracheal ACC, reconstructive surgical measures may be required. In some individuals with ACC of the lower respiratory tract, therapy may also include postoperative radiation. More rarely, radiation therapy may be provided before surgery. In addition, radiation therapy alone may be provided if the tumor may not be surgically removed.
In individuals with ACC of the voice box (larynx), initial therapy may include partial or complete removal of the larynx (laryngectomy). In addition, with certain types of tumors, a portion of the esophagus may also need to be surgically removed. Distant metastases are commonly present at the time of diagnosis. In such cases, treatment may include radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Individuals who undergo surgical removal of all or a portion of the larynx typically learn new methods of producing speech.
As mentioned above, some researchers indicate that the initial treatment (and diagnosis) of ACC of the breast should include surgical removal of all microscopic traces of the malignancy. Routine sampling of regional lymph nodes during initial surgery is thought to be of questionable value. The effects of radiotherapy on local recurrence and disease course have not been determined. Local recurrences may be treated with repeat surgery.
In individuals with ACC of the esophagus, initial therapy typically includes surgical removal of all or a portion of the esophagus (esophagectomy). Some individuals may also receive radiation therapy.
Depending upon tumor stage, grade, progression, and other factors, females with ACC of the cervix may receive radiation alone or surgical removal of affected tissue, radiation, and/or chemotherapy.
In males with ACC of the prostate gland, treatment often includes surgical removal of the prostate gland, and of nearby tissues when they are infiltrated, and postsurgical radiation therapy.
Long-term follow-up is essential with ACC in ensuring the prompt detection and treatment of local recurrences and metastatic disease. Because the lungs are a common location of metastasis, physicians recommend regular CT scans of the lungs. Other standard therapies for individuals with ACC include symptomatic and supportive measures as required.
Information on current clinical trials is posted on the Internet at www.clinicaltrials.gov. All studies receiving U.S. government funding, and some supported by private industry, are posted on this government web site.
For information about clinical trials being conducted at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, MD, contact the NIH Patient Recruitment Office:
Tollfree: (800) 411-1222
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
For information about clinical trials sponsored by private sources, contact:
On 30th of March 2009, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) granted approval and funding for a clinical trial of Dasatinib (also referred to by its brand name Sprycel) in patients with recurrent or metastatic malignant salivary gland cancers. The primary objective is to determine the drug's efficacy in shrinking tumors (objective response) and keeping tumors from growing (progression-free survival) in ACC patients whose salivary gland tumors express c-kit (a gene associated with some cancers).
The following link provides additional information on the trial's objectives, entry criteria, expected enrollment, sites and contact information:
For more information contact:
P.O. Box 442
Needham, MA 02494
Ph: 781-248-9699
(Please note that some of these organizations may provide information concerning primary cancers of certain bodily regions [e.g., cancers of the head and neck].)
Moskaluk CA. Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. In: NORD Guide to Rare Disorders. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA. 2003:359.
Raghavan D, et al., eds. Textbook of Uncommon Cancers. 2nd ed. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons; 1999:133-34, 201, 380-81, 719-24.
DeVita, Jr. VT, et al., eds. Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 5th ed.: Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott-Raven Publishers; 1997:834-39.
Martins C, et al. Cytogenetic similarities between two types of salivary gland carcinomas. Adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2001;128:130-36.
Bradley PJ. Distant metastases from salivary glands cancer. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2001;63:233-42.
Toida M, et al. Analysis of genetic alterations in salivary gland tumors by comparative genomic hybridization. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2001;127:34-37.
Szmeja Z, et al. Treatment results of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma in the Otolaryngology Department at the University School of Medical Sciences in Poznan between 1958-1999. Otolaryngol Pol. 2001;55:75-78.
Kiyoshima T, et al. Expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene in adenoid cystic and mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary glands. Oral Oncol. 2001;37:315-22.
Prott FJ, et al. Results of fast neutron therapy of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. Anticancer Res. 2000;20:3743-49.
Holst VA, et al. KIT protein expression and analysis of c-kit gene mutation in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 1999;12:956-60.
Douglas JG, et al. Neutron radiotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced major salivary gland tumors. Head Neck. 1999;21:255-63.
Cerilli LA, et al. Analysis of chromosome 9p21 deletion and p16 gene mutation in salivary gland carcinomas. Hum Pathol. 1999;30:1242-46.
Gupta RK, et al. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast. Diagn Cytopathol. 1999;20:82-84.
Meldrum ML, et al. Neoadjuvant intracarotid chemotherapy for treatment of advanced adenocystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:315-21. Comment in: Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:372-73. Comment in: Arch Ophthalmol. 1998; 116:1698.
Stelmach A, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast. Analysis of 7 patients. Ginekol Pol. 1998;69:188-90.
Jones AS, et al. Tumours of the minor salivary glands. Clin Otolaryngol. 1998;23:27-33.
Kleer CG, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: value of histologic grading and proliferative activity. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22:569-75.
Shields JA, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland simulating a dermoid cyst in a 9-year-old boy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:1673-76.
Santamaria G, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: mammographic appearance and pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998;171:1679-83.
Shindo M, et al. adenoid cystic carcinoma of the prostate. a case report. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 1998;89:670-73.
Tsuboi N, et al. Dynamic MR appearance of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast in a 67-year-old female. Radiat Med. 1998;16:225-28.
Font RL, et al. Malignant epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland: a clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. Arch Ophthalmol.1998;116:613-16.
Quinodoz IS, et al. Ddenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: utility of immunocytochemical study with collagen IV on fine-needle aspiration. Diagn Cytopathol. 1997;16:442-45.
Umeno H, et al. Clinicopathological study of 54 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the head and neck. Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1997;100:1442-49.
Hill ME, et al. Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for symptom control in advanced salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Oral Oncol. 1997;33:275-78.
Jones AS, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck. Clin Otolaryngol. 1997;22:434-43.
Huang M, et al. Factors influencing survival rate in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;26:435-59.
Tellado MV, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinomas of the lacrimal gland in childhood and adolescence. Ophthalmology. 1997;104:1622-25.
Kitada H, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus: report of a case. Surg Today. 1997;27:238-42.
Osorio Acosta V, et al. Cystic adenoid carcinoma of the prostate. Report of a case. Arch Esp Urol. 1997;50:67-71.
Sur RK, et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands: a review of 10 years. Laryngoscope. 1997;107:1276-80.
Krull A, et al. European results in neutron therapy of malignant salivary gland tumors. Bull Cancer Radiother. 1996;83 [suppl]:125-9S.
Gupta RK, et al. Fine-needle aspiration cytodiagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast. Diagn Cytopathol. 1996;14:328-30.
Douglas JG, et al. Neutron radiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma of minor salivary glands. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;36:87-93.
Pastolero G, et al. Proliferative activity and p53 expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast. Mod Pathol. 1996;9:215-19.
Culubret M, et al. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: a case report. Diagn Cytopathol. 1996;15:431-34.
Kawana M, et al. Twenty-one cases of malignant tumor of the external auditory canal or middle ear. Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1996;99:645-52.
The information in NORD's Rare Disease Database is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of a physician or other qualified medical professional.
The content of the website and databases of the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) is copyrighted and may not be reproduced, copied, downloaded or disseminated, in any way, for any commercial or public purpose, without prior written authorization and approval from NORD. Individuals may print one hard copy of an individual disease for personal use, provided that content is unmodified and includes NORD's copyright.
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
55 Kenosia Ave., Danbury CT 06810 • (203)744-0100


text:
This new values-themed album is bound to be a lasting favorite for LDS young women, their leaders, and their parents. Filled with original, fresh, and timeless songs from singers/songwriters like Hilary Weeks, Julie de Azevedo, Cherie Call, and more.
Now here's the exciting part...
I get to give one lucky winner this CD!
Follow me on Facebook here 5 entries
Blog about the giveaway and leave me a link 5 entries (please leave a comment for each entry)


text:
WASHINGTON (AP) — White House and congressional negotiators will have to clear a series of high hurdles to avert a package of tax increases and spending cuts by year's end.
Arguments over tax rates top the list.
President Barack Obama says the richest Americans must pay higher tax rates. Republicans say they'll block such efforts.
Other hurdles have been erected by powerful lobbies to protect everything from benefit programs such as Social Security and Medicare, to tax deductions for interest on home mortgages and contributions to charities.
Republicans from safe, conservative districts see little political incentive for compromising with Obama even though he won re-election.
Politicians in both parties dread imposing painful changes on Americans who for years have enjoyed high levels of government service at historically low tax levels.