text:
Linus Torvalds is often described as an open source champion, interested in licensing only insofar as it affects his ability to share code and improve software more quickly. However, his real position is more complicated -- and to some, perhaps surprising.
Asked point-blank which is more important, sharing code or empowering users -- the declared goal of the free software champions whom Torvalds is routinely depicted as being in opposition with -- and his first response in what he calls "the usual Linus polite words" is "That's a really stupid question. Why do you put it as an 'either or' kind of concept?" He then goes on to explain that, because open source operates in the same manner as scientific query, and is a matter of enlightened self-interest, sharing code and empowering users "are not at odds at all" -- a view that, in the end, places him closer to the free software position than either free software or open source followers might care to admit.
Torvalds has been quoted many times about his emphasis on sharing code, especially during the debates about the recently released third version of the GNU General Public License (GPL). Most famously, in an interview with Forbes magazine in March 2006, Torvalds explained his preference for the second version of the license by saying, "The GPLv2 in no way limits your use of the software. If you're a mad scientist, you can use GPLv2'd software for your evil plans to take over the world ('Sharks with lasers on their heads!!'), and the GPLv2 just says that you have to give source code back. And that's OK by me. I like sharks with lasers. I just want the mad scientists of the world to pay me back in kind. I made source code available to them, they have to make their changes to it available to me. After that, they can fry me with their shark-mounted lasers all they want."
However, responding recently to the question of whether code sharing or user empowerment was more important, Torvalds makes clear that such quotes are only half the story.
Torvalds begins his explanation by talking about science, implying that free and open source software development falls into that category. The dichotomy in the question, he says, "makes no sense. Science clearly does empower humans, but, the fact is, it does so because it has hit on a working model of the universe, and the reason it has done that is because it has a process in place for getting there that works. Sharing information is a small part of that model.
"Human inquisitiveness is an even bigger part. The fact is, what's most important is people. How they are inquisitive, and want to figure out and control the world. How they all have that selfish interest in improving their own lot in life, and almost by mistake they then end up improving other people's lot in life, too, by uncovering some small detail that explains a bit more about the universe.
"The same is true of open source. It's not about 'sharing information' per se: that's just a small part of it -- it's a part of the tools to create better software."
Nor is open source about altruism in Torvalds' view. Instead, he sees it as a matter of enlightened self-interest. "That is worth celebrating: the constant individual struggle to improve your own standing. That little selfish person who tries to take advantage of everybody else by making the minimal possible outlay (preferably by using mostly the source code that somebody else has done) and incrementally improving it with relatively small effort."
The short-term result of this attitude, Torvalds says, is that "for a while, that person gains an advantage, because now the tool did what he wanted. And in the longer term, we all gain that knowledge. One small and meaningless advantage at a time, and it just builds up and up.
"That is where it's at. It's about 'empowering everybody' by letting some enterprising users empower themselves, and then taking advantage of it for everybody else."
The worldview that Torvalds expresses here helps to explain why he has been so vocal in his opposition to the latest version of the GPL, and plans to stay with the second version. No doubt past clashes with the Free Software Foundation color his outlook, but the conflict is more fundamental than one of different personalities.
For Torvalds, the problem with the provisions for patent-sharing and for restricting the use of lockdown technologies -- what the Free Software Foundation prefers to call TiVoization -- is that they keep some people out of the free exchange of ideas that characterizes open source. "That's the whole point of open source -- different people and entities have different goals, and the very differences are what makes it work well for everybody," he says. "Anybody who tries to hobble science by saying that they won't share information with people they dislike (the military, for example) is seen as an obvious crackpot and idiot. The same, to me, is true of open source."
However, amid the echoes of ongoing conflicts, what is even more important is the often overlooked fact that the distinction between free software and open source philosophies is not as great as it is frequently made out to be.
Torvalds is understandably cautious about journalists' uses of his words. He points out that they often use quotes to say what they don't have the courage to say for themselves, and that how people represent him tells a lot "about the opinions they hold." Yet, even so, Torvalds' denial of the dichotomy between the supposed aims of the two camps suggests that the differences between free software and open source are not so much a matter of philosophy, but a matter of tactics to realize that philosophy. While the Free Software Foundation tries to reach those goals by legal means, open source advocates like Torvalds suggest that all that is needed is for people to act as people normally do.
From this perspective, Torvalds' views highlight a fact that has often been overlooked in the recent GPL debates: free software and open source supporters are allies. They may be uneasy allies, blowing raspberries at each other and slinging mud at each other at every opportunity, but they are allies all the same. It's a fact worth mentioning, simply because it hasn't been repeated much recently.


text:
michael b has not received any gifts yet
sounds like my level is similar (2.5 - 3.0).. used to play daily and was 3.5 but it has beena while.
I work in la jolla and am in the PB area in the late afternoons looking to play TUESdays thru Saturdays anywhere from La JOlla to PB, south to San Diego near the coast (also near downtown, NOrth park, national city).
on Sundays and mondays, I can play anytime.
HOpe to hear from you,
© 2019 Created by Mark / The Mayor. Powered by

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Yes.TDA Rum wrote:So i take it you think Getzlaf's contract is good then?
27 year old center who is an absolute horse and generally scores over a point a game.
8.25 will barely get you a second line forward and a top4 defenseman in free agency, you have to be off your rocker if you think that is a better use of money then re-signing your franchise center.


text:
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text:
From ForensicsWiki
http://deepbyte.com/blog/2006/02/is_the_md5_hash_unreliable.html is broken. Cobalt2020 12:37, 6 June 2007 (PDT)
- Although this URL returns a 404 for me, there should probably be some verbiage about the weaknesses in MD5 on the main page. That being said, I don't want to scare people unnecessarily. Yes, it's possible to generate two different files that have the same MD5. But that doesn't mean MD5 is completely worthless for our purposes. Jessek 16:21, 6 June 2007 (PDT)


text:
Che Guevara
Previous / Next
Rebel / Revolutionary Moustaches Make A Difference. This month, help us support prostate cancer research by growing a moustache. If you can't get grow one, get one at mosmakeadifference.com, and encourage your friends to donate.
Advertising Agency: TBWA\Singapore, Singapore Creative Directors: Hagan de Villiers, Gary Steele Art Directors: Reginald Ocampo, Danny Teo Copywriters: James Holman, Martin Loh Illustrator: Reginald Ocampo, Roger Tan Developers: Tony Chew, Sean Tan Production Managers: Sally Sim, Allen Pattiselanno Account Service: Jaclyn Lee, Alrick Dorett Published: November 2010via adsoftheworld.com


text: Greg Lindahl wrote: > On Mon, Dec 10, 2007 at 07:40:15PM -0500, Joe Landman wrote: > >> b) the only code that matters is your code (really, this should be >> everyone's mantra with benchmarking in general). > > Well, the problem here is that the question most people are asking is, > "how should I parallelize my code?" This question gets asked before > you know the performance on your code. > > So the mantra doesn't help. On the contrary, it is precisely because people are asking "how should I parallelize" that they need to ask the basic question of "where does my code spend time for my problems." Most people I know working on parallelization or optimization have at least asked that question. Starting parallelization without this knowledge in advance is an exercise pretty much guaranteed to fail. Unless you happen to be an extremely lucky guesser. -- Joseph Landman, Ph.D Founder and CEO Scalable Informatics LLC, email: landman at scalableinformatics.com web : http://www.scalableinformatics.com http://jackrabbit.scalableinformatics.com phone: +1 734 786 8423 fax : +1 866 888 3112 cell : +1 734 612 4615


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To make a long story short, the male enumerator in that village was fabricating that data. Further investigation revealed that he was not asking the respondents about the second day, but just copying over their answers from the first day. This was my first introduction to the production of faked data.
Now, if you would rather not think about where our data comes from and what might be wrong with it, you should stop reading this post now. But if you do, an interesting new paper by Arden Finn and Vimal Ranchhod gives us a lot to think about.
Finn and Ranchhod tackle this issue in the context of South Africa. And they are working with a dataset where this issue was caught, and the respondents re-interviewed. This allows them to show us how the fabrication might matter for analyses. But before we get to this, there are a bunch of other things to consider.
First: What are we talking about when we say faking data? Data can go wrong for a host of reasons. Here the focus is on cheating or negligence on the part of the enumerators (fieldworkers) collecting the data. This can manifest in a number of ways: skipping whole interviews, skipping sections, changing one answer so that you get to skip a whole section (job? no no, you don't have a job), and ignoring the existence of household members. Enumerators can do this for a bunch of reasons: some questions can be hard to ask (e.g. have you been unfaithful to your partner), some sections are really long, households can be far away or in a less than pleasant area, and the survey remuneration structure may prioritize speed over accuracy (e.g. payment for surveys completed and no large penalties for cheating).
So is this a widespread problem? Finn and Ranchhod take us on a tour of a number of large, prominent surveys in South Africa. Two observations. One, I am psyched to see that a significant number of people are paying attention to this and have the courage to be open about this. Second, we should be worried. They document errors ranging from enumerators gaming the payoffs for time preference questions (in likely collusion with the respondents) to enumerators shirking on the within household sampling (crippling the representativeness of the sample). And the enumerators are sophisticated about this. I used to think telephoning a subset of interviewees after the interview was a good way to check but Finn and Ranchhod cite one example of an enumerator who set up her sister-in-law to answer these calls. So yes, cheating happens. And when it does it can do everything from reducing sample size to wiping out certain variables to killing the representativeness of a survey.
Finn and Rachhod provide a really useful set of tools to track enumerator cheating when they turn their attention to wave 2 of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), with which they were both involved. They provide 9 possible methods to detect cheating. Only two of them prove useful in their context, but given technology differences as well as contextual differences, it is worthwhile going through all of them (keep in mind that the application here is to the second wave of a panel survey):
- Number of deaths across waves. Less people = faster surveys. Enumerators with abnormally high mortality among their respondents are suspect.
- Number of refusals/not available. No faster way to get through your list than not finding people. (and don't think that paying only for completed interviews solves this -- the hard to get households might still not be worth it)
- Look for folks disproportionately activating skip codes that get them out of a lot of additional questions. (South African problem with this: high unemployment means that a lot of legitimate interviews use the skip codes)
- Look at the length of the interview. (Even though the NIDS wave 2 was CAPI (computer based), the time stamp for finishing an interview was manually activated and a bunch of the enumerators only activated it when they were done for the day and ready to upload).
- Use the GPS coordinates to check where the interview happened. (this will work if this is automated in your data collection, if it's manual the main flaw is that the enumerator needs the GPS location to find the household in wave 2)
- Compare the signatures on consent forms across waves (way too labor intensive)
- Look for low-rates of people joining the household through in-migration or birth.
So while these didn't work in the NIDS context, he two ways that actually paid off were to use Benford's law and to compare anthropometric measures across survey waves.
Benford's law is interesting. Going back to Benford's original 1938 paper, the basic argument is that in the data that is out there, naturally occurring, there is a pattern to the first digit of numbers. And while you might think it the pattern is a uniform distribution -- it isn't. It turns out to follow a logarithmic distribution, ranging from 30.1% of the first digits being 1 to 4.6% of them being 9. Using this distribution, you can find deviations and hence enumerators to target for verification. (I am going to do my next post on Benford's law, so I will save more detailed discussion for later)
The anthropometric checks Finn and Rachhod use are: 1) looking for systematic (at the enumerator level) outliers in BMI values, 2) a lot of adults who changed height from round 1 to round 2, 3)mean BMI change from round 1 to round 2 (by enumerator) and 4) spikes in the weight distribution by enumerator (here they are looking for heaping around easy numbers).
These checks reveal some enumerators where the data looks decidedly dodgy. And, of interest for those of us who work on surveys, the dodginess was concentrated in teams (including the team's leader). So the NIDS oversight team did some intensive call backs (no sister-in-laws included). They managed to contact 781 of the 991 households that needed verification. Of these, 234 were ok. But 547 had problems: 223 partial fabrications, 322 total fabrications and 2 unclassifiable. And that's about 7.3 percent of the respondents for the wave (or 10 percent of the enumerators).
The NIDS team went back and re-interviewed these folks, and this gives Finn and Rachhod both a clean and dirty version of the data to compare in the analysis. They look at employment and health variables. They find that the univariate statistics (e.g. the mean) are fairly unaffected by this level and form of falsification. For transition matrices and first difference regressions, the fabrication matters more: while not resulting in large changes in absolute values, it can lead to qualitatively different conclusions.
These results give us one set of insights into how falsification of data might matter. Clearly, the way in which the data goes wrong matters. In the examples farther above, there are some cases where the answer is totally wrong, others where the sample is smaller but the variables aren't compromised (particularly when enumerators cover similar distributions of respondents).
All in all, this is further insight into how the sausage we call data is made. Unfortunately, in this case, we can't skip the meat entirely. It's about how to get a better hot dog -- and I will tackle that further in my next post. Have a good July 4th.
Great post, and one that most
Great post, and one that most grad students starting out in development research could really benefit from. Something that this post brings to mind, and that researchers might do well to note, is that it can be really beneficial to check the distribution of responses to questions by surveyor for all questions, not just the ones that activate skip patterns or might be prone to fraud. There are some questions where a certain amount of probing is required to get a proper answer, such as "how many loans have you taken in the last month?" or "If you needed a quick loan of $100 who could you ask?". While we try to avoid that as much as possible in survey design, it is usually unavoidable. Surveyors may exert different amounts of effort in getting a response, ranging from too little (no loans) to too much (respondent feels pressured to make up loans). Probing too much or too little isn't necessarily a sign of fraud, but something that you want to standardize across surveyors; looking at your data after a week can help you figure who which surveyors you need to retrain in doing more or less. A second benefit is that surveyors sometimes misunderstand subtle distinctions in questions without deliberately meaning to commit fraud. For example, I had a survey where we were asked women if they had received antenatal care. When we looked at our data, we realized that one surveyor was putting "yes" much more often than others because she had misunderstood what antenatal care entailed. Our supervisors/backcheckers hadn't yet picked this up, since the misunderstanding only was apparent some of the time. Finally, this can help in giving specific feedback to surveyors in a way that both lets them know that you are checking on them carefully, helping to lower incidence of fraud, but is more constructive than conversations revolving around backchecks, which in my experience often create a lot of tension.
In general, I think that this is one the main benefits of electronic surveying: getting the data back instantly allows you to find patterns that otherwise could be missed in scrutiny and even backchecking. With backchecking, the sample size is usually too small to detect these subtle errors, especially since backcheck forms often omit the questions where we know the responses are likely to be unstable. And researchers are looking into ways to improve fraud detection within survey software in some pretty interesting ways, e.g. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2481404
Great comments Jeff, thanks.
I also wholeheartedly second your point on optimal probing -- it's a tough spot to find -- if you push too much not only do respondents make things up, they sometimes get really annoyed. We had this with an information question we were asking -- where we really wanted the team to probe. It turns out there was an underlying norm about not explicitly discussing certain things (between individuals in the community, not with the survey team) and that to admit to discussing this was a no-no.


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This is a team tournament with teams randomly generated.
Each team will be composed of 5 positions (QB (captain) / RB / WR / TE / Def).
Please post a specific Map choice for your home map.
The format will be as follows:
Each week I will randomly assign each of the QB's to a 4 player match against other QB's. I'll do the same for each of the other positions. Scoring for each of the games will be 7pts for 1st place, 3pts for 2nd place, 2 pts for 3rd place, and 0 pts for last with a 1 point bonus if the winner eliminates all opponents in his game. At the end of the week we'll add the points accumulated for each team and award the top 6 teams in terms of points for the week with wins and the bottom 6 with losses. In the event of a tie priority will be given to the team with the most 1st place finishes in their games, followed by most 2nd place, etc and finally if still tied, then a coin flip.
Each week we use the home maps of one team in the league. So for example, in week one, all QB's play on the map chosen by team 1's QB. All RB's play on the map chosen by team 1's RB, etc. This way each team gets a week to play on their home map. All games will be Standard, Auto Deploy, Escalating, Sequential, Chained and Sunny with a 20 round limit.
At the end of the 12 week season, the top 4 teams will battle in the championship on a RANDOM map. for the right to be crowned champion.
Any questions, just ask.


text:
I started preparing this dish early in the day so I could roast the tomatoes at a low oven temperature, but I think you would get comparable results if you turned up the heat and decreased the time. I also spent a good deal of time hanging around the kitchen roasting the batches of vegetables. I don't mind the waiting—there's little actual work to do, and roasting is my favorite way to prepare these veggies. I did all this on a Sunday when I didn't mind a little fussing around.
Make this recipe for you and one lucky person, so you'll have enough to eat again in the next day or two. I think it may be even better when the veggies and noodles have had a chance to stew in the slick, fragrant pesto sauce, the garlic has mellowed and the flavors have meshed together lusciously.
Here are some other fantastic pasta recipes I've found on other food blogs:
1) Pasta with (VERY) slow roasted tomatoes on A Veggie Venture
2) Lisa's Shrimp and Penne on La Mia Cucina
3) One that I saved way back she posted it: Rigatoni with 5 Lilies and Ricotta Salata on Orangette
4) Egg noodles with zucchini and balsamic vinegar on The Wednesday Chef
5) Fresh pasta with zucchini and sundried tomatoes on What's For Lunch Honey?
6) Bee's grandfather's pasta with thyme-flavored tomato ricotta sauce on La Tartine Gourmande
Whole Wheat Linguine with Roasted Vegetables and Pesto Sauce
Serves 4
1 cup fresh basil leaves
2 generous tbs. toasted pine nuts
2 generous tbs. grated Parmigiano-Reggiano
2-3 tbs. extra virgin olive oil
2 medium cloves garlic
salt and pepper to taste
pasta cooking water, to thin to desired consistency
Combine the basil, pine nuts, cheese, olive oil and garlic in a blender and puree. Season with salt and pepper. Add small amounts of the pasta cooking water and continue to blend until you have a thick, but pourable consistency.
10-12 roma tomatoes, halved and cored
olive oil
Salt and ground black pepper
1 large eggplant, cut into 1-inch chunks
8 oz. Portobello mushroom caps, cut into chunks
4 small zucchini, cut into chunks
1 large red onion, layers separated and cut into 1-inch chunks
¾ lb. whole wheat linguine (I like Whole Foods' 365 brand)
Preheat the oven to 275 degrees. Place the tomato halves cut side up on a baking sheet coated with cooking spray. Drizzle some olive oil over the top and season with salt and pepper. Roast for about 3 hours or until tomatoes are very soft and at least half their original volume. If you have less time, increase the temperature. If you have more, let them cook until they are as sweet and chewy as you want. It will be good either way, but I have the feeling that slow roasting provides the sweetest result. Remove from the oven, set aside until cool and cut in half lengthwise.
Increase oven temperature to 400 degrees. Toss the other vegetables with a little oil, season with salt and pepper and spread them out on baking sheets coated with cooking spray. Roast until browned and tender, tossing once during cooking. Keep in mind that the vegetables will finish cooking at different times, and remove them from the oven accordingly.
Meanwhile, make the pesto and cook the pasta. Reserve about ½ cup of the pasta water, just before draining. Add a little at a time to the pesto until it has a thick, but pourable consistency.
Drain the pasta and return it to the pasta pot. Add the roasted vegetables and toss gently. Add the pesto and toss to coat. At this point, you may want to add a bit of pasta water to moisten the vegetable and loosen the sauce a bit more, but it's your call. Take it slow and stop when things look good to you.
|Concerned about your nutrition and looking for information on type 2 diabetes? Check out this site to get medical advice on many health related topics today!
Technorati Tags: recipes, pasta, healthy, vegetarian, Main Course


text:
Poseidon is turning its focus to Huntington Beach.
With the completion of financing issues for its Carlsbad Desalination Project, Poseidon Resources will focus on obtaining the final permit necessary from the California Coastal Commission to bring a desalination plant to Huntington Beach, according to a company news release.
The Poseidon plant is expected to convert seawater into drinkable water to provide a steady supply for Orange County.
According to a previous Independent story, the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board in February renewed a five-year permit allowing the Poseidon plant to draw in water from neighboring AES power plant's pipes as well as directly from the ocean.
The plant would aim to produce 50 million gallons of drinkable water a day for Orange County.
Brian Lochrie, a spokesman for the Connecticut-based company, said at the time that Huntington Beach would have a special agreement to buy its first 3,300 acre-foot of water at 5% less than the cost of imported water. An acre-foot of water would supply a family of four for about a year.
According to the February story, Orange County Coastkeeper, Surfrider Foundation and Residents for Responsible Desalination are among those who have fought Poseidon's plans in recent years. Opponents have said the plant will prove costly to taxpayers and harmful to marine life.
Lochrie said at the time that if approved by the Coastal Commission, the project would likely be completed by 2017.
—Alicia Lopez
Twitter: @AliciaLopezHB


text:
Creator/Author/Editor: Petroff, P. M.
Kiraz, A. and Reese, C. and Gayral, B. and Zhang, L. D. and Schoenfeld, W. V. and Gerardot, B. D. and Petroff, P. M. and Hu, E. L. and İmamoğlu, Ataç (2003) Cavity-quantum electrodynamics with quantum dots. Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics, 5 (2). pp. 129-137. ISSN 1464-4266
Michler, P. and Kiraz, A. and Becher, C. and Schoenfeld, W. V. and Petroff, P. M. and Zhang, L. D. and Hu, E. and İmamoğlu, Ataç (2000) A quantum dot single-photon turnstile device. Science, 290 (5500). pp. 2282-2285. ISSN 0036-8075


text:
TORONTO — Hockey Night in Canada's Coach's Corner has scored a new partnership deal with Labatt Breweries and its Budweiser label.
The brewer has signed a multi-year agreement for the popular segment that will see Budweiser advertising and content during the show.
The deal comes as the show gets set to return following the NHL lockout.
Financial terms of the agreement were not immediately available.
In addition to Coach's Corner, Budweiser is also a sponsor for the new Hockey Night in Canada Second Screen experience, the Out of Town Scores and highlights of the best goals from around the league with Goal Tonight.
The partnership with Coach's Corner comes after Labatt was beat out by rival Molson Canadian in 2011 to become the official beer of the NHL under a seven-year deal.


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What you eat between meals matters more than you think. Health.com explains how these choices can boost metabolism and help you lose weight fast.
Americans love to snack almost as much as we want to lose weight. But according to recent research by the USDA, our snacking habits are adding too many calories and too few nutrients to our diets. It doesn't have to be this way, says Susan Bowerman, RD, assistant director of the UCLA Center for Human Nutrition. "When done right, [snacking] keeps your energy levels up and gives you more opportunities to get in all your nutritional needs."
Eating snacks with the right ratio of nutrients, with the right calories, will help keep your body energized and help you lose weight. Protein (plus exercise) fuels the growth of lean muscle mass, which boosts metabolic rate and increases calorie burn. Fiber, meanwhile, helps improve digestion and keeps you from binging on fats and sugars. So while there's no food that will literally "burn fat" while you eat it, smart choices with these ingredients will help your body operate at maximum efficiency. Bowerman suggests snacks under 200 calories, with 10 grams of protein and close to 5 grams of fiber. Here are 20 of our favorite fat-burning snacks.
An apple and skim milk
"Almost any fruit is going to make a great snack, but you usually want to pair it with a bit of protein to make it more satisfying," says Bowerman; "unlike carbohydrates, which get used up relatively quickly, protein will help sustain your energy and hunger levels for a couple of hours." This duo will give you 10 grams of protein and 5 grams of fiber for just over 200 calories.
Lentil salad with tomatoes and watercress
Salads aren't just for mealtime—when they're about 200 calories, they make a great afternoon snack, as well. This one has 11 grams of protein and 8 grams of fiber, thanks to superfood lentils and plenty of veggies. (The recipe makes six servings, so hold off on adding the vinaigrette if you're not eating the whole thing at once.)
Cottage-cheese-filled avocado
Here's another fruit and dairy combo, this one for when you're craving something rich, creamy, and a bit savory. Remove the pit from one half of an avocado and fill the space with 2 ounces of 1% cottage cheese. For 200 calories, you'll get 9 grams of protein and 7 grams of fiber—and no dirty dishes!
Sunflower lentil spread with pita bread
Lentils are a good source of iron, a metabolism-boosting nutrient that 20% of us don't get enough of. This savory recipe makes four 180-calorie servings, with 10 grams each of protein and fiber.
Canned tuna on whole-wheat crackers
If you don't want to incorporate dairy into every snack, a can of tuna (packed in water) is another great source of lean protein plus healthy omega-3s. For about 200 calories, you can enjoy 3 ounces of light tuna and 6 whole-wheat crackers—complete with 3 grams of fiber and 20 grams of protein.
Warm pear with cinnamon ricotta
Ricotta cheese is rich in protein, and pears are a good source of fiber. Together with a teaspoon of cinnamon, they make a delicious snack for any time of day. Each serving contains 8 grams of protein, 5 grams of fiber, and 170 calories.
Shrimp stack
You may not think of shellfish as a grab-and-go snack food, but you can put this tasty treat together in a flash if you keep pre-cooked shrimp on hand. With Greek yogurt and avocado, it's a protein powerhouse with 9 grams per serving (and 4 g fiber), for only 129 calories.
Miso-glazed tofu
This recipe is touted as a main course, but it's so light on calories (only 164) that it can stand in as a midday snack as well. It also packs plenty of protein (12 grams) thanks to the tofu, as well as 3 grams of fiber.
Chicken pita sandwich (half)
There's no reason you can't have smaller portions of "real" food as snacks, says Bowerman. "Oftentimes, the healthiest and most balanced snacks are the ones that start as full meals—like a half a sandwich, or a plate of leftovers put together from dinner the night before," she adds.
Whip up this chicken and veggie pita in the morning, and split it in half for two snacks throughout the day. Each half contains 200 calories, 3 grams of fiber, and more than 20 grams of protein.
Cauliflower with white bean dip
Make a batch of white bean and roasted garlic dip at the beginning of the week to spread on crackers and eat with veggies when hunger strikes. Pair a quarter-cup serving with 2 cups of raw, chopped cauliflower, for example, for a total of 11 grams protein, 8 grams fiber, and 199 calories.
Power berry smoothie
This recipe, which calls for soy protein powder and low-fat plain yogurt, contains 9 grams of protein; swap in Greek yogurt to add even more. Frozen berries add fiber (4 grams total), and honey provides sweetness. All this for only 139 calories!
Toast with walnut & pear breakfast spread
Split this breakfast recipe in half to make a healthy midday snack with 200 calories, 11 grams protein, and 3.5 grams fiber. Not only will it help prep your body for fat burn, but it may also boost your energy levels (so you're more likely to get to the gym, perhaps?). Walnuts are rich in serotonin, a hormone that produces feel-good chemicals in the brain.
One cup of edamame, or boiled soybeans, contains 17 grams of protein, 8 grams of fiber, and 189 calories. A perfect snack all by itself! Serve hot or cold, season with salt, and enjoy.
Roast garlic and edamame dip
Edamame is a great snack by itself, but it also makes a great ingredient in this creamy dip for raw veggies or whole-wheat pita bread. You can enjoy up to three servings in one snack session, for a total of 162 calories, 9 grams protein, and 6 grams fiber.
Asparagus and hard-boiled egg
It's no wonder this classic combo goes so well together: Fiber-rich asparagus balances out eggs' natural protein. (Plus, asparagus is known as an aphrodisiac, thanks to its folate and vitamins B6 and E levels. Talk about fun ways to burn fat!)
Pair 15 asparagus spears (cooked or raw) with one hard-boiled egg for a 126-calorie snack, complete with 11 grams of protein and 5 grams of fiber.
Veggie tostata
In the mood for Mexican? You can't go wrong with black beans and veggies: These tostatas cook up quickly and easily for a fast and healthy mini-meal between lunch and dinner. At just over 200 calories, you get 13 grams of protein and 10.5 grams of fiber. Top with tomato salsa for added flavor without fat.
Minty iced green tea
A calorie-free beverage doesn't qualify as a real snack, but if you find yourself scouting the kitchen just because you're bored, rather than hungry, this tasty drink may just hit the spot. Plus, green tea has been shown to help dieters lose more weight, according to a study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, thanks to its metabolism-boosting antioxidant compound called EGCG.
Bowerman says that most research on green tea for weight loss has been inconclusive, but that either way it's a healthy, tasty way to stay hydrated throughout the day. "Drinking water and tea is a good way to keep all of your body's processes, including your metabolism, running smoothly and efficiently," she adds.
Spiced green tea smoothie
Here's another way to sip healthy green tea: as a smoothie! Pair this sweet and spicy drink with a few ounces of lean protein—some sliced turkey, for example—for a complete afternoon snack.
One serving will get you 3 grams of fiber (thanks to its secret ingredient, pear!). Plus, it contains cayenne pepper, which may help curb appetite and give your metabolism a boost.


text:
I read a fascinating article this morning in the Wall Street Journal regarding Ford's Transit Connect and how the company is circumventing the ridiculous "Chicken Tax" that has been in place since the 1960s.
If the government wants to help small business owners – the same people Ford is targeting with the imported Transit Connect - it needs to repeal the Chicken Tax.
According to the Journal article, to work around the tax, which puts a 25% tariff on delivery vans imported from Europe, Ford ships the vehicles to the U.S. with seats and windows in place. The vans, called "wagons," are then not subjected to the 25% tariff. Instead, Ford pays a 2.5% tariff.
After workers remove the seats and windows and make the necessary modifications to the vehicles, they are shipped to dealers as the Transit Connect delivery van, the article says. The tariff savings, apparently to Ford, makes it cost-effective to waste the materials and labor to do this.
One worker at a Baltimore plant that converts the "wagons" into "vans" was quoted by the Journal and probably summed it up best: "I never thought about why we take out the seats, but if that's what the customer wants, that's what we'll give them," Mayso Lawrence said.
Only Ford knows how much this adds to the cost of the vans, but make no mistake, there is a cost. It may not be as high as it would be if there was a 25% tariff in place, but the American consumer still pays.
The Chicken Tax was retaliation from President Johnson in 1963 after Europe began putting high tariffs on U.S. chicken shipped to Europe. But this is no longer a comical matter. It's costing small businesses in the U.S. real money. But, if that's what the government wants, that's what the government gets.


text:
Seasons Change at Acadia
Acadia National Park closes its Hulls Cove visitors center and the Sand Beach entrance station for the winter today. The winter visitors center located at park headquarters will remain open. Park Loop Road will stay open through December first, unless it is closed earlier by snow. A 2 mile stretch of road from Schooner Head overlook to Otter Cliff Road is open year round for access


text:
Vol. XLV—No. 5
Friday, October 3, 1969
SUI Committee structures
city involvement program
Absenteeism thwarts senate
for second consecutive week
by Larry Day
Students for Urban Involvement
a student initiated program at-tempting
to meet the inner city's
challenge to Bethel, is trying to
implement a program of urban in-volvement
and learning by next
fall (1970). This committee has
been in existance almost one year
now and has seen great openness
on the part of the school and our
conference in the state of Minne-sota.
Last spring, before school ended,
a proposal was drawn up which
received favorable reactions from
both faculty and administration of
Bethel but also from the Social
Ministries Committee of the Min-nesota
Baptist Conference which is
the Baptist Gen. Conference state
agency. Both the school and the
conference see this program as a
very real way of both gaining an
education and formulating and re-fining
our ideas of how Christian-ity
fits into the largely impersonal
society of America's urban areas.
Educational Testing Service has
recently announced that under-graduates
and others preparing to
go to graduate school may take
the Graduate Record Examinations
on any of six different test dates
during the current academic year.
The first testing date for the
GRE is October 25, 1969. Scores
from this administration will be
reported to the graduate schools
before December 1. Students plan-ning
to register for the October
test date are advised that applica-tions
received by ETS after Octob-er
will incur a $3.00 late registra-tion
fee. After October 10, there
is no guarantee that applications
for the October test date can be
The other five test dates are
December 13, 1969; January 17,
February 28, April 25 and July 11,
1970. Equivalent late fee and reg-istration
deadlines apply to these
As far as structure of the pro-gram
is concerned, two major
groups have been formed out of
the big SUI committee. One com-mittee
consisting of Dave Pettit,
Pat Faxon, Jan Ullberg, Larry Day,
Dennis Olson, Mr. Treece has been
responsible for the formulation of
how credit can and should be given
for participation in this program.
They are right now hard at work
preparing a proposal for the Edu-cational
Policies Committee in
hopes that their approval may be
obtained very shortly.
The other sub group of the SUI
committee consisting of Arne
Bergstrom, A. D. Pearson, Valerie
Peterson, Valerie Swanson, Mr.
Steinhouse committee has under-taken
the issue of requirements
involved in the program. They are
discussing problems such as what
the requirements for student par-ticipants
should be, where the pro-ject
should take place, the ques-tion
of finding a director of the
overall program and many others.
dates. Choice of test dates should
be determined by the requirements
of graduate schools or fellowships
to which one is applying. Scores
are usually reported to graduate
five weeks after a test date.
The Graduate Record Examina-tions
include an Aptitude Test of
general scholastic ability and Ad-vanced
Tests measuring achieve-ment
in 21 major fields of study.
Full details and registration forms
for the GRE are contained in the
1969-70 Bulletin of Information for
Candidates. The Bulletin also con-tains
forms and instructions for
requesting transcript service on
GRE scores already on file with
ETS. This booklet may be ordered
from: Educational Testing Service,
Box 955, Princeton, New Jersey
08540; Educational Testing Service
Box 1502, Berkeley, California
94701; Educational Testing Service,
960 Grove Street, Evanston, Illi-nois
In spite of the fact that the sen-ate
meeting this week was again
the scene of much animated dis-cussion,
those few senators who
are taking seriously their respon-sibilities
in representing their con-stituents,
were for the second week
in a row unable to pass legislation
for lack of a quorum.
The meeting, scheduled to start
at 6:30, finally got underway at
7:00 when the 9th senator strag-gled
In spite of the impunctuality of
some, those who did come seemed
enthusiastic. The meeting started
with a report from the Convoca-tion
Committee which informed
senators of the upcoming convoca-tion
October 17th which will pre-sent
the Everyman Players rendi-tion
of the book of Job. The event
will cost the committee one thou-sand
dollars. For this reason, the
convocation is scheduled for 8:00
p.m. Bethel students will be admit-ted
free on their ID cards, but
there will be a charge of $1 for
the general public.
The representative of the com-mittee
also denied any responsib-ility
for Tuesday's convocation
stating that academic convocations
were planned in the President's
A report from the Minority Re-cruitment
Committee followed on
the agenda. The committee's rep-resentative
stated that they wished
some statement of direction from
the senate. The problem immedi-ately
confronting the committee
is the retention of those few min-ority
students that have been re-cruited.
The report suggested that the
structure a tutorial program—not
necessarily along departmental
lines and not necessarily for min-ority
students exclusively. After
some discussion, senators decided
that it would be best to approach
academic scholarship winners and
capable seniors. The tutor and
student would probably be matched
according to the field in which the
student was having the most prob-lems.
The tutor's assistance would
not be limited to one field but
would include all areas in which
the student was having difficulty.
Next came a report from IC3
representatives on plans for the
Vietnam Moratorium. After at-tending
a meeting of the steering
committee of the Minnesota New
Mobilization Committee, the re-porters
related the rough draft of
scheduled events devised by that
meeting. It was stated that St. Paul
Colleges would probably undertake
their own program under the di-rection
of IC3. The representative
expressed the hope that Bethel's
involvement would be approached
from a more spiritual than politi-cal
Student Association President
relayed a request from Dean Olson
that the event be well planned in
advance so as not to take anyone
by surprise and that it be pro-grammed
so as no stigma would be
attached to those who did or did
not participate. The suggestion
was also made that Bethel include
work with Conference churches in
their participatory efforts that day.
Diane Reynolds, member of the
cheerleading squad was also pres-ent
promoting discussion on how
the Athletic Committee f u n d
should be spent. After much dis-cusion
senators decided that the
money allocated to that committee
should be used by the cheerleaders
for transportation and to cover the
expense of chartering buses for
students to sports events, which is
not always completely covered by
the small charge.
The school's insurance program
and the senate subcommittees were
discussed once more. Areas which
arose as fields for study included
the political attitudes and climate
at Bethel, student retention, sen-ate
reform, and social life.
The social life topic sparked ani-mated
discussion in view of the
report given by the Deeper Life
speakers that Bethel students are
lonely. The suggestion of a dance
arose. Although most senators were
personally in favor of it, they were
apprehensive of the reaction of the
general student body and the re-sult
it would have on Bethel's
The senators then progressed to
old business, taking up the tabled
Plans for the events of October
15, the date of the Vietnam Mora-torium,
are beginning to be solidi-fied
by the Minnesota New Mobili-zation
Committee and IC3. Between
the two committees, the day should
be well planned for students of
this area who wish to participate.
The day will begin with a rally
planned by the New Mobilization
Committee with speakers. At 10
a.m. there will be a march to the
Federal Building led by veterans
and G.I.'s. Upon arrival at the
Federal Building the Veterans for
Peace will lay a wreath on a cof-fin
for the war dead. An honor
guard will be present and there
will be a speech. Also the roll of
the war dead will be read.
At noon the assembly will break
up for the purpose of leafletting
in various areas of the city.
Macalester, who seems to be head-ing
the planning for the St. Paul
Following their first Freshman
Conference sessions, several mem-bers
of this year's freshman class
expressed negative reactions to the
orientation program.
"Freshman Conference is a waste,"
said one freshman girl. "All of the
information was given to me be-fore
by my high school counselor."
Another found that the two and
a half hour sessions were much
too long. "It cuts out your whole
evening and we need the time to
study." Many upper classmen also
expressed similar opinions regard-ing
the orientation program, de-scribing
it as a waste, and suggest-ing
that it be canceled.
Because of opposition to Fresh-man
Conference, attempts have
been made to revamp the class. Up
until last year it was held as a one
credit course meeting twice a week
for one semester. Last year it was
changed from the mandatory class
to one held once a week for no
credit. This year the orientation
program consists of four required
sessions held Monday evenings us-ing
The College Student Handbook
as a text.
With such distaste on the part of
the student body, why is Freshman
Conference necessary? Both Dean
Virgil Olson and Dean Webster
Muck summed up the Conference's
basic purpose as a means of ac-quainting
the students with the
purpose and facilities of the col-lege,
helping them to become bet-ter
students, and helping them to
adjust socially.
Dean Olson said that they like to
get the freshmen together in order
motion that the soccer team be
granted $100 travelling expenses.
Someone called a quorum, and
since two senators had slipped out
during discussion, reducing the
number of senators present from
9 to 7, the meeting had to be
The senate failed to progress to-wards
new business where the is-sues
which had been under dis-cussion
earlier could be acted upon.
For the second consecutive week
senate action has been hampered
by lack of participation among the
senators themselves.
Committee members who had
attended the meeting were dis-gruntled
and shocked when ques-tioning
revealed that this was not
an unusual occurance.
schools has proposed to IC3 plans
which are concurrent with those
of the Minnesota New Mobilization
Committee. The afternoon will be
left to doing your own thing which
will, in the cases of most area
schools, include teach-ins and leaf-letting.
At 6:00 p.m. students from the
Snelling Avenue schools will leave
University and Snelling Avenue on
a torch light parade to the Capitol,
where the Minnesota New Mobiliza-tion
Committee is planning a rally
with nationally known speakers.
On the whole, each school and
individual is free to participate
in whatever way he feels will be
most profitable. Bethel is at this
time planning to have a chapel
service which will be in conjunc-tion
with the Moratorium.
Arne Bergstrom is Bethel's co-ordinator
for t h e Moratorium
to talk with them right away while
"they're prickling all over and are
more sensitive to the things that
bother them." This helps both the
students and faculty and admin-istration
to better understand each
other and enables them to work
towards alleviating some of the
problems which do arise.
"Kids expect some type of orien-tation,"
said Dean Muck in speak-ing
to his Principles of Counseling
class. "Otherwise they go around
not knowing what to expect. Fresh-man
Conference is our attempt to
help the freshmen adjust."
"Freshmen seem to think they
know more than they really do
about study habits, the social at-mosphere
of college, and college
life in general," said one senior girl.
"Orientation is important, because
it points out the differences be-tween
college and high school, and
makes them stop and thinok about
some things."
An upper classman involved in
some of this year's sessions has
found Freshman Conference to be
very worthwhile. "Not only do you
come in contact with the problems
you will face, but you also discover
that other kids have the same ques-tions
you have."
Though most freshmen haven't
expresed many good opinions about
Freshman Conference, and one
freshman conceded Monday eve-ning,
that 'if it can either show me
how to get through my Western Civ
course, get a date, or learn to live
with my roommate's snoring, it's
worth it!"
Testing service announces
dates of graduate testing
Plans for moratorium continue
Freshman Conference revised;
students question its purpose
This problem, however, is not un-surmountable.
By studying trends
and the issues of the year before,
and the major concerns in admin-istrative
circles, it is possible to
discern that there is a broad-based
theme underlying the discussion
and events of the year.
As the conversation progressed
it was generally agreed that the
major issue this year would prob-ably
concern the re-evaluation of
life styles which is underway. Such
a theme really has possibilities.
However, no good idea will get
even a second thought unless Spire
dicovers an editor. It's the same
old story of non-participation.
Some of you high school year book
workers: step forward and volun-teer
some of your time for some
one other than yourself. P. F.
Yearbook format, editorship remains undecided
page 2
the CLARION Friday, October 3, 1969
Friends find loneliness;
try society's standards
Because the men who were our "speakers" for Deeper Life Week
confronted us as human individuals, some indicated surprise that each
was so different, yet so unmistakably Christian. They were men who
had learned how to be human beings as well as "Christians."
Throughout the week, the thonght that was continually brought
to my mind was that Christ had taken on humanity at one time and
that therein lay his appeal to people of his day; not the fact that
he was a super-being, for they did not know that he was the Son of
God. They did realize that He was the most wholly human person that
they had ever met.
The Deeper Life team concentrated upon the theme of being better
Christians by being more human in the best sense of the word. Both
through their actions and their words they defended individualism
and the" capacity to love.
The theme was most evident in the last two chapels of the week. I
was cut to the quick by Lambert Dolphin's message on Thursday. As he
subtley attacked the "establishment", I realized that I, who prides
myself in being "anti-establshment", was being part of that which
I hated.
Dolphin interpreted—in an unusual yet very Scriptureal way—
the words "world" and "establishment". He said the "world" was the
"establishment" part of society which programmed out caring.
In essence he was attacking the very base of our culture for the
American culture is built upon dog-eat-dog competition, majority rule
(minority rights are often trampled), status-seeking materialism, quick
handshakes, and even quicker knives-in-the-back.
Some may contend this interpretation, but upon putting the life of
Christ under examination, it becomes evident that everything about Him
was "anti-establishment." He had no established home, no established
way of healing, preaching, or doing what He was sent to do—which
was to teach us about love—and brother, you just can't program or
institutionalize love. You have to be able to adopt to the individual
and the situation as Christ did. I'll say it again. The very nature of
Christ was what we today call "anti-establishment".
This discovery is quite frightening. The nation in the world which
is supposed to be "Christian" is built upon the very things that Christ
Wow! What if these long haired disturbers of our peace aren't
the very essence of evil. Perish the thought, but could they in some
ways be even more Christ-like than those of us who gossip, backbite,
grab for grades, or even cheat?
God made us individuals with a capacity to love. If he had wanted
mechanical success soldiers, he could have made them.
How can we call ourselves Christians when our very life pattern is
based upon the principles which Christ fought.
Are the above statements in some way connected with the team's
diagnosis that the campus is lonely?
The diagnosis is correct. One need only look into the eyes of those
he passes on his way across campus, down the hallway, in the dorm, or
through the coffee shop. Few will contend the diagnosis.
Perhaps the loneliness could have something to do with the fact
that we are here at the "citadel of Christendom" having the capacity to
have individualism programmed right out of us. Let's face the facts.
Our socialization process is doing it's best to help up be un-Christ-like.
It's time that we stop to examine where we've been, where we're
going and what our motives are. Be HONEST with yourself. What are
your motives? Are you here to develop the capacities which God has
given you, to learn about God through yourself and others (we are made
in the image of God.) Or are you here to get a B average so that you
leave and get a good job, settle down to the quiet life of raising a
family and climbing up the social and economic ladder?
Which is more eternal?
So the diagnosis is correct. We are lonely. Now what? One thing is
certain. Love and concern cannot be programmed or institutionalized.
The only one who can get rid of that loneliness is YOU. Yau have
to put yourself out—but don't do it because you want to get rid of
your loneliness. Do it because you really love that other person. It
will seem strained and fakey at first, but practice makes perfect and
you've got to begin somewhere—unless your goal in life is to be a
middle class, suburban zombie.
mug shots not only fails to capture
the real spirit of the year, but seri-ously
hinders the application of
any creativity.
In the course of the discussion,
someone suggested that the tradi-tional
format be scrapped for an
innovative thematic format. Upon
inquiry our innovator explained
that the thematic format entailed
the selection of the major issue
which concerned the campus dur-ing
that particular year and captur-ing
of the spirit of the campus
through pictorial development of
that theme.
Not only would this idea release
the yearbook format for greater
creativity, but it would record what
each year was really all about.
The difficulty, of course, would
be in the selection of the theme.
Don't let things pile up. One whole month of classes has
passed and before you know it mid-semester will be upon us.
by Tom Ford
For more than a decade, many liberal and moderate members of both
the Negroid and Caucasian races have been waging a war of major im-portance.
Their enemies are the American traditions of racism and seg-gregation.
Recently some of the white activists have felt what some of them de-scribe
as "a knife in the back." The blade of this knife is Black Separa-tism;
the hand on the handle is black. Despite the misunderstanding of
white, Black Separatism is a growing force in contemporary America.
Black Separatism had its origins in both the Civil Rights movement
and the cult of Elijah Muhammed. It began as a creeping militancy and
has developed into the area of black nationhood.
Regardless of the form it takes, Black Separatism stands for the preser-vation
of a uniquely black culture separate from white culture. It would
ultimately put an end to the assimilation of blacks into white culture.
In the essence of their arguments, the Black Separatists agree with the
Southern Conservative in their support of "separate yet equal" facilities.
The difference between these two groups is their definition of "equal."
To the Black Separatist, "equal" implies facilities devised by blacks with
careful attention to their cultural heritage.
From this concept comes the word "Afro-American" which has been
devised to mean anything that is related to the culture of the Black Amer-can,
from African origins to its modern-day form.
The colleges and universities of this country have already been faced
with a measure of Black Separatism. Many have acceded to the demands
of militant blacks for "Black Studies" courses and departments, and
separate housing and student centers for blacks.
Several militant organizations, of which the Black Panthers are the
foremost, have developed an anticipation of guerilla violence foreseen
in any attempts to establish a black nation. To their own vision their role
is twofold: to lead the fight to establish a black nation, peacefully if
possible, and then to lead the newly established state in its embryonic
The Black Separatist movement, and especially the movement for black
nationhood, has enlisted the active participation of only a small portion
of the black community. But it has given rise to a pride in being black.
"Black is Beautiful" is more than a slogan—it signals the end of guilt
and repression for black and the awakening of the self-esteem that this
race has so long been deprived of. No longer does the black have to
undergo the psychologically scarring process of "becoming white."
How far Black Separatism can go remains to be seen for the move-ment
must be consolidated to survive. But it is clear that integration is
not the easy answer it was once believed to be. Also clear is the tremen-dous
effect Black Separatism has had in building the self-concept of the
black man.
Next week the fourth article in this series on racism will discuss the
new Civil Right coalition.
Editor in chief Pat Faxon
News Editor Marjorie Rusche
Sports Editor Tim Weko
Copy Editors Toni Magnuson
Missy McCool
Layout Editor Ruth Bogle
Proofreaders Ann Dalton
Sharon Watson
Circulation Manager Joey Healy
Photographer Ray Smith
Technical Advisor Mark Olson
Advisor Jon Fagerson
Bethel alumnus
founds $1,000
aviation award
To encourage interest in the field
of commercial aviation, an alumnus
of Bethel has established an Avia-tion
Award amounting to approxi-mately
$1000 to assist an eligible
student in a program leading to a
commercial pilot's license with in-strument
Applicants for the scholarship
1) have obtained an FAA Second
Class Medical Certificate.
2) submit in writing a statement
declaring his previous interest and
experience in the field of aviation
and his vocational objectives.
3) secure from the Board of De-cons
of his church, a statement re-garding
his personal character, in-tegrity
and purpose in life.
4) take the Mechanical Compre-hension
5) have a personal interview with
the scholarship examining commit-tee.
The program for the Private Pi-lot's
license will involve ground
school instruction two nights a
week for a period of six weeks, and
a total of approximately 42 hours
flight time. All ground and flight
instruction will be given by the
Northland Aviation Company in its
FAA approved flight school at
Anoka County Airport.
For further information see Mr.
Paul R. Finlay, Registrar.
Omni .tIote
Pastor Maurice Lawson
Dr. Stanley Hardwick of Bethel
Seminary will begin a three Mon-days
series this coming week on
the theme "Life Changing Ideas."
This Monday's subject will be "Mo-tivations
that Matter." On Tuesday
the students we sent to British
Columbia and to Venezuela as sum-mer
missionaries will speak.
Wednesday we will have NEW
music and a message by the campus
pastor, "Is This the Way to Begin?",
based on Christ's temptations.
A woodwind ensemble from the
St. Paul Philharmonic Orchestra
will give a demonstration concert
on Thursday. Arthur Erickson,
pastor of youth at Park Avenue
Methodist Church, will speak on
A whole month of classes has
sneaked by and schedules are be-coming
routine. Some of those
"first impressions" are fading or
becoming history. In spite of it's
success last year, however, Bethel's
annual history book, the Spire, may
not be around to refresh this year's
Because the yearbook still does
not have an editor, one month's
activities have passed unrecorded.
The other day, as the problem
came under discussion, the enthusi-asm
of the group evolved with the
developement of a new idea for the
Spire. The format of the yearbook
has been under critical scrutiny for
some time. One of the major com-plaints
of editors and readers alike
is that the tradition of composing
the publication of organizational
The CLARION
Published weekly during the academic
year, except during vacation and exami-nation
periods, by the students of Bethel
College, St. Paul, Minn. 55101. Sub-scription
rate $4 per year.
Opinions expressed in the CLARION do
not necessarily reflect the position of the
college or seminary.
Friday, October 3, -969
the CLARION page 3
Deeper Life Week provokes reactions
Unity: straights'
and 'long hairs'
by Jackie Goodman
Class of '70
Deeper Life Week, which so
often goes by with little or no
student recognition, except that the
same speaker came to Chapel five
days in row, was refreshingly dif-ferent
this year. For me, the week
meritted its title and captivated
the spirit of the "deeper life." The
four men visiting our campus in-vaded
our lives with their enthusi-asm
for the experience one can
have with Jesus Christ and with
their concern to share and have
unity in Him.
Wasn't it amazing to see men
as relatively young Christians so
familiar with the Bible? Having
chosen to follow Christ they
seemed personally drawn by the
Scriptures as a basis for learning
about this life and what it could
mean for them individually. They
were each really sold on Christ—
which is more than most of us can
Listening throughout the week
one could not help reacting to
the variety of personalities repre-sented
by the four speakers. I
thought this was great — they were
not carbon-copies Christians, but
exhibited the individuality we have
in Christ. However, even in their
uniqueness we were turned on or
off by individual personalities.
There was real unity of concern
and motivation in the person of
Christ. A theme which turned up
quite frequently was that of "the
body of Christ". The parts are in-dividual
and unique but all con-tribute
to the strength of the total
Throughout last week I saw real
enthusiasm for Christ and unity in
Him in the lives of Lampert Dol-phin,
Ted Wise, George Albin and
Bill McKenzie which pointed to
the deeper life. After Friday's
Chapel and the critiques offered by
each of the men I sensed a spirit of
willingness to be concerned about
the spiritual lives of one another
on campus and of wanting to reach
out for unity among us. What were
before just faces, became people;
students were talking together and
faculty members were stopping to
exchange words with students.
Yes, it was a good feeling—but
now what? The week is over and
our four friends are no longer here
to encourage us in knowing Christ
in a dynamic way or to work at and
encourage unity. If it really was
a Deeper Life Week, there should
remain more than just a "good
feeling." We need to turn the emo-tion
into concrete action by looking
into the Bible and Christ's life to
find for ourselves what it means
to follow Him and by looking
around us and realizing the unity
we can have in Christ despite dis-unity
in personalities.
Some students were sitting
around last Friday discussing the
estrangement of various groups on
our campus. I suppose it could be
said that twi, groups were repre-sented
—the "long hair" etc. group
and the "straight" group. It seems
that the "long hair" feels ostracized
by the "straight" and the "straight"
fears he would be rejected by the
"long hair". Real great. Well, if
the Deeper Life Week team wasn't
limited by this problem, it seems
we should be able rise above it
and make ourselves vulnerable by
letting some interaction and mean-ingful
contact begin with me or
with you.
I've learned something about
deeper life and I have a "good
feeling" about it, but now I'd like
it realized in concrete action in
my own relationship with Christ
and with people on campus. Then
perhaps the deeper life will be-come
a real way of life.
God gives us
power to act
by Betty Ecktrom
Class of '71
For God has not given us the
spirit of fear; but of power, and
of love, and of a sound mind.
2 Tim. 1:7
Friday when Ted Wise spoke in
my English class, I wept. What he
said was and is so true. "I don't
love you. I don't want to communi-cate
with you though I have prayed
to be able to do so. I don't want to
be vulnerable. To truly love is to
be vulnerable. Who wants that?"
In his poem "The Wasteland,"
T. S. Elliot has a line which reads:
"I will show you fear in a handful
of dust." That's us! Don't you see?
That is you, that is me. But we do
not have to be full of fear. That is
not the way God would have us to
be. Fear is not His doing but the
result of our sin.
I am afraid when I do something
I shouldn't. Then I think, if I don't
do anything, I cannot sin for I have
to do something for sin to begin.
Then I'm not sure about that either.
I fear you, so I don't act, then self
pity makes me even more miser-able
when I realize that I don't
really know any of you. It can't go
on this way. It's been this way too
long already. We have been too
The question which confronts
each of us is not what can we do.
but when will we begin. If we de-pend
on God, He will give us the
power and the love and sound
minds NOW!
Attitude examined ;
Evaluation stings
by James E. Rodgers,
Associate Professor of Chemistry
Part I: September 25th Chapel:
Twice during the week of Sep-tember
22, 1969, I was impressed by
a person who hed been impressed
by a thermonuclear exiposion (and
lived. Both of his presentations
were awesome and different. I feel
that he managed to "plug-in" to
the majority of those present
through one or the other of his
In his second presentation, he
tried to re-activate our latent atti-tudes
toward the Cosmos and to-ward
the New Jerusalem. He seem-ed
to be desperately pleading with
us to examine these attitudes (al-most
second by painful second) and
be sure, honestly, that they foster
allegiance always to the New Jer-usalem.
He seemed to ask us to ask
ourselves: Do we live in the Cos-mos/
flesh system, or do we long
for and strive for the New Jerusa-lem/
spirit system presently in the
hand of God? Do we play-act, or
do we love- Do we give God our
best efforts on His behalf, or do we
give ourselves to God, no questions
The initial experience of a Spirit-filled
life is like a total devasta-tion
of our inner-man city down
to its foundations. Then a new
foundation, Jesus Christ, is lain
and a new city is begun. A new
manner of love is given to us. We
discover, through the power of the
Holy Spirit, that other people are
alive and real. We see them as God
sees them, as a "you are".
But the old Adam twists our new
love and he too begins to build in
the new city. We begin to love
things, feelings, and achievements
as if they were alive and real. They
will pass away. That is regression
to the old city structure. The old
Adam builds a mighty temple (to
self) and then he whispers, "Come,
fill this temple with great deeds
done in the name of God in your
own strength. God will appreciate
that. You and others can truly see
your value to God." We give our
new love over to abasement and
perversion, with zeal.
The new Adam says, "I am suf-ficient.
You need no temple, for I
am in it all. Do not compartmental-ize
yourself. Rest in me, and be-come
an integrated person in me."
We must learn to share this build-ing
program with others. We must
learn to love them and their city,
even though it may be 'tainted'
with dandruff, sweat and displeas-ing
As we open the gates of each of
our cities, our building task be-comes
lighter and we begin to
understand the great coporate phe-nomena
called the Church which
is truly the only agent for re-straint
and reconcilliation in the
present world.
Part II: September 26th Chapel:
The value of this chapel can be
expressed by the degree of sting
(positive or negative) that each
man gave. I can only give how
they 'stung' me
G.A:. On student-faculty nonac-ademic,
fun-type interac-tions:
When? I enjoy it.
However I am not a Catho-lic
priest. My wife and two
sons are my "reals" and
"reals" are terrible time
W.Mc.: I must try to talk and re-concile
more and be silent
T.W.: I must strive for an attitude
of love so that I can truly
say. "I feel so good."
L.D.: "God will never be interest-ed
in your best efforts on
His behalf."
I suggest that if any of this cha-pel
presentation 'stung', then listen
to the tape again and do as Ted
Wise suggests by trying to pick
out the things of God and throw
away the things from the men.
Campus need seen
by new instructor
by Robert Stein
Associate Professor of Christianity
As a new member of this faculty
I have been asked to share my im-pressions
of the past religious em-phasis
week. I do so some-what
hesitantly because of my personally
knowing so little about faculty and
student problems
I received at least two distinct
impressions during the week. For
one I was forced to think a great
deal about faculty-student rela-tions.
That a gap exists cannot be
denied, and there will always be
such a gap. There is a gap in age, in
education, in experience, in inte-rests,
in "authority." etc. Yet de-spite
this gap there does not have
to be a lack of commuincation, un-derstanding,
or credibility.
It is important that we as faculty
remember our past experiences,
trials, temptations, successes, and
failures, so that we can understand
and "empathize" with our students
who are going through many of the
same experiences, trials, tempta-tions,
etc. We as faculty are not
perfect, but this is good because
we serve an imperfect student
What we must do is to realize
that the grace of God permits us
even as faculty members to put
aside all pretenses and simply be
sinners whom Christ loves. We can
assist our students in that we can
been able to learn more from our
mistakes (being older we have made
more) and from our successes (be-ing
older we hopefully have had
more.) We must seek, however, to
communicate more fully that we
love our students and are eager to
learn from them as well as to teach
A second impression I received is
that many students at Bethel are
lonely and looking for true Chris-tian
fellowship. The faculty cannot
do a great deal about this. Students
must become concerned for one a-nother.
RA's and upperclassmen
must be concerned and look lov-ingly
after freshmen and transfer
students. Christians must seek out
lonely students and befriend them.
It is the role of every faculty mem-ber
and every student to see that
no one at Bethel feels like an IBM
card, but rather that he knows that
he is an individual, loved for him-self
and part of the greatest fel-lowship
of all, the Body of Christ.
Practical living
found vitalizing
by Roy C. Dalton
History and Political Science
Department Chairman
The past week of special empha-sis
on sound Christian living was
a meaningful one to me. In their
expression of their faith and of
their life style the four laymen
voiced ideas and suggested ap-proval
of patterns of living which
in some respects I find unaccep-table.
Yet, in their demonstration
of virile practical down-to-earth
Christian living I found much that
was revitalizing for my own life.
Their very infiltration of all the
nooks and crannies of our little
old block was proof that the Christ-ian
who really wants to can make
an impact with a capital "I".
Their critical evaluation of our
community confirmed much that I
have encountered as a counsellor
over many years in the varied roles
of faculty member, acting regis-trar,
and acting dean of students.
There is frustration among both
men and women because of a stag-nant
social scene. There are many
lonely hearts — especially in the
crowd. The vast majority of per-sonal
relationships are perhaps of
the hail-fellow-well met type and
are therefore inadequate and ulti-mately
non-fulfilling. There is a
noticeable absence of the type of
love that J. B. Phillips suggests
must characterize the Christian—
love that is willing to be complete-ly
Though I personally had to take
exception to Mr. Dolphin's opening
remarks at Thursday's chapel that
seemingly made light of some of
our traditional mores, I would like
to have a copy of the provocative,
Biblically-oriented exposition that
followed regarding what truly con-stitutes
Ted Wise's remarks regarding
the exercise of discipline during
recent years at Bethel were one-sided
and therefore overly nega-tive.
I would welcome the oppor-tunity
for continuing discussion of
the area of concern on a person-to-
person basis or in dormitory
wing meetings (I constitute a min-ority
person in a femininely geared
household so I would even venture
into Hagstrom or Bodien on invita-tion
— and without suit coat and
The men not only told us but
showed us something about per-sonal
relationships. Will we try
to love more deeply or to delve
below the superficial level that has
been so characteristic of daily life
here? The best that may happen
will not be experienced because of
more programs but because more
individual people get to know each
other intimately and love each
other. There is opportunity to live
now even on the Bethel block.
hosts opera
"The Boor" by Dominick Argento,
a "witty and gay opera buffa"
based on the Chekhov play, will be
presented Friday, October 3 at
8:30 p.m. in the North Memorial
Hospital Theater at Robbinsdale.
The opera features Fredrika Her-rick,
soprano; Bruce White, tenor;
Leslie Stokely, bass-baritone; Dr.
Richard Steber, music director; Dr.
Richard Fliehr, stage director; and
the S.A.I.-University orchestra.
The performance is a benefit,
with a suggested minimum dona-tion
of $2.00. There will be free
parking behind Olivet Baptist
Church, across from the theater
J. Leonard Carroll, Pastor
C. Bruce Anderson, Asst. Pastor
BUS LEAVES EACH SUNDAY: 9:25 A.M. and 6:40 P.M.
page 4 the CLARION
There was only one end-zone as
the Royals fell 18-0 to Northland.
The Royals took their renewed
football hopes to Ashland, Wiscon-sin
last Saturday, where they met
Northland College in the annual
"Governor's Cup" game. This game
originated about 15 years ago when
the contest was attended by the
governor-elect of Minnesota.
There was no governor present
at the game Saturday however, nor
was there a victorious Bethel foot-ball
Northland received the opening
kickoff and was able to run only
five plays before they were forced
to punt. Bethel took control on
their own 27 yard line. On the first
play from scrimmage, Murray Sitte
dropped the bomb into the hands
of flanker Dave Pound for a sev-enty
yard gain.
This put the Royals on the Lum-berjacks
7 yard line. But on the
next play, Bethel was penalized
for illegal procedure. The North-land
defense had by then decided
that the Royals had had enough
success for awhile, and they pre-vented
a Bethel score.
The two teams played mid-field
football until late in second quarter
when Northland scored on a 35
yard pass play. The teams left the
field at half-time with Northland
leading 6-0.
It didn't take the Lumberjacks
Friday, October 3, 1969
more than five minutes of the third
quarter to add another tally to
their side. They added one more
score late in the third, which
rounded out their scoring for the
day and left them with 18 points.
You may be wondering about our
half of the score. It was about the
same as a mid-Demember low.
Coach Mo Shields felt he had re-ceived
the best all out effort of the
year. There just weren't any mir-acle
There were a couple of key in-juries
Saturday, which is something
that should never be written in
this year's football articles. Murray
Sitte injured his lip and may miss
some action this week, but should
be set to go again by Saturday. Per-ry
Johnson received some stitches
to his chin and will be out for two
weeks. Jack Campbell also rein-jured
an old knee and missed most
of the second half.
Next week the Royals go west,
where they'll meet the Cougers of
the University of Minnesota at Mor-ris.
Morris is currently hosting a
3-0 record. But if the Royals can
get Don Brandsma back in the line-up,
keep Bob Olsen winning like he
was last Saturday, and Murray "the
lip" connecting with Dave Pound
down near the end zone, Morris
will come up against a lot more
than they are expecting.
Intramural Football Results
Sept. 27, 1969
Faculty vs. First Floor 19-2
Falcon vs. Second Old 37-0
Second New vs. Off Campus 18-0
Third NAw vs. Pit (O.T.) 1-0
New Dorm vs. Third 01d (forfeit)1-0
Team Win Lost Tie
1. Falcon 3 0 0
2. Second New 2 0 0
3. Faculty 2 1 0
4. Off Campus 2 1 0
5. Second Old 1 1 0
6. Third New 1 2 0
7. First Floor 1 2 0
8. New Dorm 1 2 0
9. Pit 1 2 0
10. Third Old 0 3 0
Schedule for Oct. 4
9:30 Off Campus vs. Third New
Second New vs. New Dorm
10:30 Pit vs. Faculty
Third Old vs. Falcon
First Floor vs. Second Old
All women are invited to par-ticipate
in the women's volleyball
tournament which will begin next
Tuesday night, October 7. A team
from each floor of Hagstrom and
Bodien, and teams from the New
Dorm and the manors will compete
against each other.
In addition the 'Golden Agers",
a team composed of faculty and
staff women, will be in competition.
This team has won every year for
the past several years. Perhaps this
is the year for a break with tradi-tion.
The Column
by Tim Weko
(Note: This article was prompted by conversation with some students
who were mocking Bethel's football team.)
To all non-participating criticizers: What right have you to criticize
losing athletic teams or losing debate teams, when you show no more
interest in the team or the game than to crucify it as you see fit? You
certainly cannot know the why's and the wherefore's because you have
never gotten involved extracurricularly in anything whether football,
senate, or choir.
You will always be scorned by the people who know what living is.
You will never know what it means to be more than yourself, to be part
of a team, to share victories as well as defeats.
You are a student at Bethel but you are not a part of her. You are
selfish and egotistical because like leeches you come to take all that
you can, and yet you never give anything in return. You suck the life
blood from the school and never give of yourself. You are a disease; you
take your defeatist non-committal, critical attitudes, and you infect
others around you. When the team loses, you mock and criticize, but you
never give praise or helpful suggestion. You are a fair weather fan; you
are proud of the team when they are winning because then you can boast
to your friends in other schools; but after losing you are ashamed.
You frighten me, because I know that soon you will leave this institu-tion.
You will enter the world and you will begin to undermine everything
that you touch — you see, you can never build anything, you can only
You suggest that football at Bethel be done away with and the money
"wasted" on football be placed at the disposal of the intramural directors
to create a better intramural program. That is a ridiculous thought made
only more ludircous by the fact that you do not even participate in intra-murals.
Methinks you take yourself too seriously if you think you can
really live and share and always remain on the outside. You will never
be a part. You are like an extra thumb—you are there, but you are
You should blame yourself for a lot of the losses. You. do not seem to
understand how difficult it is for an athlete to fight an opponent, at the
same time fight that seed of doubt and defeatism that you planted in
his mind. Do not look at your neighbor, mister, I mean YOU.
Royals best yet,
Northland wins
Bethel's Flying Cross Country Team Girl views intramurals
takes second place at Bemidji State By Betty Eckstrom
I-M Football
FLASH: Today the Arden Hills Dorm intramural football team threw a
few new curves in their scrimmage with second old. Here is the story
as related by a participant:
'Twas Saturday, 9/27 when the New Dorm took the field.
The game seemed lost, there appeared no hope,
What can we do? he appealed to Heaven,
And before he was through, help was given
For six fair maidens around him were clustered.
Soon he had his new team mustered
With one for back and another receiver,
The other four close round as deceivers.
The ball was snapped, but no guy moved;
Our superiority we then proved.
Dime back threw the ball to our reciever frail . .
The guys couldn't take the thought that they would fail
And exchanged THE SIX for Rick and Dale.
Into the fray our staunch men went
With revenge their one intent.
They got it too, as they deserved,
And we were glad that we had served.
Yes, the new dorm girls will help who they can,
Especially if he's a fellow—man!
Hot Fudge sundaes spark
girls' fieldhockey team to tie
by Mark Anderson
Last Saturady, history was made
as Bethel's cross country team flew
to Bemidji. It marked the first time
in our history that a cross country
team has ever flown to a meet.
After a few pictures at the air-port,
the team took off and every-one
enjoyed the beautiful scenery
from their vantage point. Upon
their arrival at the small Bemedji
airport at 11:30 A.M., the team was
taken to the college by taxi.
Despite a cool day, and a short,
but seemingly long, hilly course,
the team managed to capture sec-ond
place. Bemidji State dominated
the meet. The final scores were:
Bemidji, 19, Bethel, 58; U. of M.-
Duluth, 60.
Dwight Carlson was Bethel's
highest finisher with a seventh
place. He was followed by Mark
Anderson, Rich Swanson, Paul
Youngquist, and Tom Mesaros in
the 10th, 12th, 15th, and 17th spots
respectively. Dave Greener and
Gary Speakman were also partici-pating
Next Saturday, the team will de-scend
to run a triangular meet with
Hamline and Gustavus at Como.
This will be their first home meet.
The Cross Country Team made history as they flew to a
meet at Bemidji Saturday, Sept. 27.
by Sarah Reasoner
Did you know Bethel has a
women's field hockey team? A team
that has never lost or won—they
tied. Monday, September 29, Bethel
played St. Catherine's at Como
St. Kate's scored midway in the
first half, on a chance shot. But
aside from that, the play through-out
the half was well-matched
without too much aggressive action.
In the second half, inspired by
the promise of hot fudge sundaes
for all winners (Miss Starr and
Miss Brownlee treating), the girls
launched an aggressive attack. Al-most
the entire half was spent on
the offensive with many near-goals.
Finally, on a well-placed hit from
Rachel Dick, Sarah Reasoner drove
in a goal. The team played excep-tionally
well in view of the fact
that they had had only one good
Vededefft Eaftrat e'ale'
Bus Stops at Bodien — 9:15 a.m.
Small Bus for Evening Service �� 6:30 p.m.
Pastor—Robert Featherstone
Assistant Pastor—Bill Malam
Thank you for all the co-operation
which we have re-ceived
in the past month.
We still need copy readers,
proof readers, typists, and
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
3800 Highway 6 S., Suite 108-E College Station, TX 77845
Builder Bio:
Randall Pitcock is a 2nd generation homebuilder. His father, Wayne, built homes in West Texas And later became involved in commercial and Industrial projects. Following in his Dad's footsteps, Randall pursued a career in the construction industry.
He studied Civil Engineering at Texas A&M University, and later became a building inspector. In 1993, with the encouragement of their father-in-law, Randall and Michael Croix started a homebuilding company. Michael eventually returned to Houston, where he's built many beautiful homes as Croix Custom Homes.
Randall's wife, Sutton, is also involved in the family business. With an eye for color, she enjoys helping customers "discover their inner decorator".
Together, Randall and Sutton build distinctive, custom homes that truly reflect quality and style in their design. They believe that the number one reason for buying a custom home versus a "brand x" home is to own a home created especially for you.
Pitcock and Croix's reputation is based on choosing quality conscious sub-contractors who are well-trained in their crafts. Together, they build a home that lasts.
Pitcock and Croix Custom homes is the proud recipient of the Better Business Bureau's 2005 Torch Award for Market Place Ethics.


text:
Growing gourmet and medical mushrooms
Paul Stamets. Growing gourmet and medical mushrooms. - Ten Speed Press, 2000
Paul Stamets. Growing gourmet and medical mushrooms. - Ten Speed Press, 2000
1. Mushrooms, Civilization and History
2. The Role of Mushrooms in Nature
The Mycorrhizal Gourmet Mushrooms: Matsutake, Boletus, Chanterelles & Truffles
Parasitic Mushrooms: Blights of the Forest
Saprophytic Mushrooms: The Decomposers
The Global Environmental Shift and The Loss of Species Diversity
Catastrophia: Nature as a Substrate Supplier
3.Selecting a Candidate for Cultivation
4. Natural Culture: Creating Mycological Landscapes
Some Wild Mushrooms Naturally Found in Beds of Wood Chips
Methods of Mushroom Cultivation
Transplantation: Mining Mycelium from Wild Patches
Inoculating Outdoor Substrates with Pure Cultured Spawn
When to Inoculate an Outdoor Mushroom Patch
Site Location of a Mushroom Patch
Stumps as Platforms for Growing Mushrooms
5. The Stametsian Model: Permaculture with a Mycological Twist
6. Materials fo rFormulating a Fruiting Substrate
Suitable Wood Types: Candidate Tree Species
List of Suitable Tree Species for the Cultivation of Gourmet & Medicinal Mushrooms
7. Biological Efficiency: An Expression of Yield
8. Home-made vs. Commercial Spawn
10. The Six Vectors of Contamination
11. Mind and Methods for Mushroom Culture
12. Culturing Mushroom Mycelium on Agar Media
Preparing Nutrified Agar Media
Oatmeal, Malt, Yeast Enriched Agar
Corn Meal, Yeast, Glucose Agar
Nitrogen & Carbohydrate Supplements
Starting a Mushroom Strain by Cloning
Cloning Wild Specimens vs. Cloning Cultivated Mushrooms
13. The Stock Culture Library: A Genetic Bank of Mushroom Strains
Preserving the Culture Library
The Stamets "P" Value System for Age Determination of a Strain
Iconic Types of Mushroom Mycelium
14. Evaluating a Mushroom Strain
Formulas for Creating Grain Spawn
Grain Formulas for Spawn Production
First Generation Grain-Spawn Masters
Steps for Generating, Grain Spawn Masters
Second and Third Generation Grain Spawn
Steps for Creating Second and Third Generation Grain Spawn
Liquid Inoculation Techniques: Mycelial Fragmentation and Fermentation
Matching the Spawn with the Substrate: Critical Choices on the Mycelial Path
17. Growing Gourmet Mushrooms on Enriched Sawdust
The Supplemented Sawdust "Fruiting" Formula: Creating the Production Block
Choosing a Sterilizer, a.k.a the Retort or Autoclave
Sterilization of Supplemented Substrates
Atmospheric Steam Sterilization of Sawdust Substrates
Inoculation of Supplemented Sawdust: Creating the Production Block
Incubation of the Production Blocks
Achieving Full Colonization on Supplemented Sawdust
18. Cultivating Gourmet Mushrooms on Agricultural Waste Products
Heat Treating the Bulk Substrate
Alternative Methods for Rendering Straw & other Bulk Substrates for Mushroom Cultivation
Slanted Wall or "A" Frame Culture
20. Casing: A Topsoil Promoting Mushroom Formation
21. Growth Parameters for Gourmet and Medicinal Mushroom Species
Spawn Run: Colonizing the Substrate
Primordia Formation: The Initiation Strategy
Fruitbody (Mushroom) Development
The Black Poplar Mushroom of the Genus Agrocybe
The Shaggy Mane of the Genus Coprinus
Hypholoma capnoides, Brown Gilled Woodlover
Pleurotus citrinopileatus, The Golden Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus cystidiosus, The Abalone Mushroom
Pleurotus djamor, The Pink Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus eryngii, The King Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus euosmus, The Tarragon Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus ostreatus, The Tree Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus pulmonarius "P. sajor-caju" The Phoenix or Indian Oyster Mushroom
The King Stropharia of the Genus Stropharia
The Polypore Mushrooms of the Genera Ganoderma, Grifola and Polyporus
Ganoderma lucidum, Reishi or Ling Chi
Grifola frondosa, Maitake or Hen-of-the-Woods
The Lion's Mane of the Genus Hericium
The Wood Ears of the Genus Auricularia
The Morels: Land-Fish Mushrooms of the Genus Morchella
22. Maximizing the Substrate's Potential through Species Sequencing
23. Harvesting, Storing, and Packaging the Crop for Market
Packaging and Storing the Crop for Market
24. Mushroom Recipes: Enjoying the Fruits of Your Labors
25. Cultivation problems & Their Solutions: A Troubleshoting guide
I. Description of Environment for a Mushroom Farm
Environment 1: The Growing Rooms
Environment 2: The Spawning Room
Environment 3: The Pasteurization Chamber or Phase II Room
Environment 4: The Main Corridor: A Highway for Substrate & Product Flow
Environment 5: Sorting, Grading & Packing Room
Environment 6: The Refrigeration Room
Environment 7: Shipping & Receiving Room
II. Designing and Building A Spawn Laboratory
Design Criteria for A Spawn Laboratory
Good Clean Room Habits: Helpful Suggestions for Minimizing Contamination in the Laboratory
III. The Growing Room: An Environment for Mushroom Formation & Development
Recommended Mushroom Field Guides
Annual Mushroom Festivals & Events
Mushroom Cultivation Seminars & Training Centers
Mushroom Study Tours/Adventures
International Mushroom Associations
North American Mushroom Societies & Associations
Grower's Associations & Sources for Marketing Information
Mushroom Newsletters & Journals
Sources for Medicinal Mushroom Products
V. Analyses of Basic Materials Used in Substrate Preparation