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Get ready for the return of the $10 billion-plus drug deal.
Pharmaceutical companies including Pfizer Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and Eli Lilly and Co. have spent the last several years digesting earlier acquisitions, refocusing their product development and setting aside cash in anticipation of expiring patents. Now, the expectation is they're ready to start buying again.
Led by Pfizer, in New York, and Whitehouse Station, N.J.-based Merck & Co., five of the largest U.S. drugmakers had more than $70 billion in cash, near cash and short-term investments at the end of the third quarter.
"We're through many cost-cutting programs, restructurings and portfolio arrangements," said Henry Gosebruch, managing director of health-care mergers and acquisitions at JPMorgan Chase & Co. "When you put that together with record levels of cash available and improving, but still moderate, R&D productivity, we think there will be more big pharma M&A activity in 2013."
Johnson & Johnson, Abbott Laboratories, Sanofi, Pfizer and Merck have already shown interest in one purchase that may top $10 billion: Bausch & Lomb Inc., the eye-care company, is for sale by Warburg Pincus LLC. The private equity firm is seeking at least $10 billion for the business and those companies may be bidders, according to people with knowledge of the matter.
This week will set the year's dealmaking agenda at JPMorgan's annual health-care conference in San Francisco. Almost 8,000 attendees and more than 400 companies will gather to make public presentations, have one-on-one meetings and get a sense of available and competing assets.
"It's like a circus bazaar for business development," said Geoff Meacham, JPMorgan's biotechnology analyst. "It's at the beginning of the year, the time when everyone sets the stage; there are crowded hallways, lots of buzz. And there's probably a million 10-minute cups of coffee between companies."
Big drugmakers will probably be on the hunt for assets to fill revenue holes left by expired patents.
Pfizer's Lipitor, which drew more than $12 billion in annual revenue at its peak, lost marketing exclusivity in November 2011. Lilly lost patent protection on its top-seller, the antipsychotic Zyprexa, in October 2011. The drug had drawn more than $5 billion in peak sales. New York-based Bristol-Myers faced generic competition last year to Plavix, its best-seller with more than $7 billion in revenue.
At the same time, they've got deep pockets. Pfizer ended the third quarter with $23 billion in cash, near cash and short- term investments. Indianapolis-based Lilly had $6.9 billion, while Merck had $18.1 billion, and J&J, $19.8 billion.
"Many large-cap pharma companies still face a patent cliff and have the financial capability and strategic willingness to partner and acquire their way to continued innovation," Leerink Swann analysts including Seamus Fernandez wrote in a Jan. 3 report. They cited Bristol-Myers, Lilly and London-based AstraZeneca Plc as potentially the most active acquirers.
Still, they're likely to be careful buyers, avoiding purchases where valuations have risen too high, Gosebruch said.
Some biotechnology companies dependent on a single product have seen their stocks triple or quadruple in the last couple of years, to market values from $2 billion to $5 billion, as those products have seen success. While those companies are attractive, big pharmaceutical firms may look elsewhere for acquisitions, such as to larger firms trading at more digestible multiples and with more established products, he said.
Biotechnology companies with market valuations of more than $10 billion include Amgen Inc., Gilead Sciences Inc., Biogen Idec Inc., Celgene Corp., Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Celgene, the maker of $3 billion-a-year cancer drug Revlimid and other oncology drugs based in Summit, N.J, fits the focused profile that may draw bigger drugmakers' interest. Regeneron, based in Tarrytown, N.Y., with efforts in ophthalmology, cancer and high cholesterol, is more diversified.
To be sure, big pharmaceutical companies may face pressure on their buying power, with valuations below 2006 levels giving stock transactions less leverage and patent expirations squeezing cash flows, according to Ernst & Young.
"Each of these potential currencies is now under increased pressure," Ernst & Young said in a report released Monday. "Big pharma's firepower has fallen."
Still, the accounting firm emphasized big drugmakers' need for deals to boost revenue. "With sales declining for the first time in 2012, it is only a matter of time before shareholder returns follow suit, unless pharma can find new sources of growth," Ernst & Young said. "With few options for organic growth, pharma needs transactions."
Big drugmakers may see competition from large biotechnology firms and specialty-drug makers as buyers.
"The pool of potential suitors that could pay up to $20 billion has swelled," Ernst & Young said.
Excitement over acquisitions of biotechnology companies at the end of 2011 and beginning of 2012 contributed to skyrocketing valuations, said Ziad Bakri, a biotechnology analyst with T. Rowe Price Group Inc.
Gilead, the second-largest biotechnology company, announced in November 2011 that it was buying Pharmasset Inc., a company with no marketed products, for $11 billion to gain its hepatitis C assets. Bristol-Myers followed in January, the weekend before the JPMorgan conference began, with a $2.5 billion purchase of Inhibitex Inc., another drugmaker in hepatitis C.
"Last year, what dominated the conference was hepatitis C," Bakri said. "It was hepatitis C and M&A in general. Both of those ended up contributing to the outperformance of the biotech sector in the beginning of 2012."
Companies such as Pharmacyclics Inc., the developer of an experimental blood-cancer drug, and Medivation Inc., maker of a medicine for prostate cancer, have seen their market valuations multiply many times over in the last two years on optimism for their products. Pharmacyclics, based in Sunnyvale, Calif., has a market value of about $4.4 billion, while Medivation, in San Francisco, is about $4 billion.
Acquisitions of similar sizes followed those of the hepatitis C companies last year. Bristol-Myers bought Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc. for $5.3 billion, while GlaxoSmithKline Plc bought partner Human Genome Sciences Inc. for $3 billion.
There have been 676 takeovers of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies in the last three years, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. The average disclosed deal size was $328.7 million, and the average premium, 38 percent. The largest acquisition was Sanofi's takeover of Genzyme Corp. in 2011 for $20.1 billion. Only two deals topped $10 billion; the other was Foster City, Calif.-based Gilead's purchase of Pharmasset.
AbbVie Inc., the drug unit that split from parent Abbott on Jan. 1, is seeking treatments for unmet medical needs, such as Parkinson's and endometriosis, to increase sales in 2015, Chief Financial Officer William Chase said last week.
Bristol-Myers is looking to buy a new type of Alzheimer's disease drug to restock its pipeline after the failure of its experimental compound avagacestat, said Mark Day, who heads the company's neuroscience business development.
Merck will consider "targeted deals" while seeking to avoid a big merger, CEO Kenneth Frazier said last week at a Goldman Sachs Group Inc. conference. Frazier said further industry consolidation is likely, considering pricing pressures, the costs and risks of clinical studies, and a "certain redundancy of infrastructure" in the industry.
"With cost restructuring and portfolio realignments largely behind us, pharma is now more ready to make bigger moves again," Gosebruch said. "They are going to be back in a more aggressive way."


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LA JOLLA — Time passes, Phil Mickelson heals and we forget.
Mickelson wins a British Open and we have him again in our mind's eye as a 35-year-old, healthy and hearty, with lots of gas left in his golf tank.
Actually, he will be 44 in June, which puts him six years from the Champions Tour.
Still, we stand a few feet behind him on the practice range Wednesday and the Champions Tour seems much more than six years distant. His swing is like a computerized arc. It goes back the same way, comes down and through the same way. He is golf's version of a metronome.
The ball doesn't just fly at the target, it soars with nary a waver. Your eyes need to be young and sharp to follow his shot to its landing, and he is hitting a hybrid, not a driver.
The row of players on the same range, the jewels of the PGA Tour, are making golf balls do much the same thing. But with Mickelson, there always seems to be that extra pinch of natural magic.
He is just back from Abu Dhabi, where he would have won the HSBC tournament had he not committed a "Phil." Leading on Sunday, he drove the ball under a bush on No. 13, tried to slash it out and double-hit it, ending up taking a triple bogey. He then did another "Phil," making birdies on three of the last five holes.
"I was happy because I got better every day," he said Wednesday.
He said he has to work out more now, keep the muscles stronger and more flexible, but added quickly, "I haven't had anything holding me back from working on my game."
Many of the questions Wednesday were about this year's U.S. Open, to be played at Pinehurst, where Mickelson finished second to Payne Stewart in 1999, marking the first of his six runner-up finishes in the one major tournament he needs to win to complete a career Grand Slam.
He didn't duck the issue of his U.S. Open failings, as some on the tour might for fear of jinxing themselves.
"I love the fact that I have one tournament to go, one to get that career Grand Slam," he said. "I'm not going to hide from it."
He even said he'd like to "win a couple."
So we know about the six runner-up spots. What we know less about is another close call in a U.S. Open, and all the quiet drama that went on behind the scenes.
It was 2010, the U.S. Open was at Pebble Beach, and Pebble Beach was, and is, one of Mickelson's favorite courses. He was headed for a big year. He had already won the Masters.
A week before Pebble, he awoke in the middle of the night with so much pain in his ankle he said it felt like it was on fire. He called a friend and said he must have fallen on it and didn't remember.
He got to Pebble Beach hurting and confused. He made it to the news conferences and the driving range, and unless you were a keen observer, he seemed fine.
But every time they loaded him into a courtesy car and cranked up the air conditioning, he'd be nearly frozen stiff and barely able to get out.
"He'd walk like a tin soldier," said the friend.
He tiptoed his way through the entire event like that, loosening up on the range, getting to the first tee and staying loose enough to look normal and swing normal during the round. The toughest part was sitting down in the scorer's tent afterward, stiffening up and then having to hobble secretly off to a courtesy car, where they'd crank up the air conditioning again.
He played the entire tournament unable to bend his left pinkie finger. He just put it straight down the club handle, like many players do when they putt, and played that way. Nobody noticed, and he still averaged around 300 yards on his drives.
Incredibly, in a tournament that became Graeme McDowell's coming-out party, Mickelson finished fourth, shooting a 66 in the second round, and won $303,119.
Quietly, he went back home, still confused and deeply worried. Years later, he told Steve DiMeglio of USA Today that he had to move to the couch to sleep because, every time his wife Amy moved, it hurt.
He didn't play again until the British Open, a month later. It was at St. Andrews and you get off a deathbed to play there. He struggled and tied for 48th.
By then, he had a diagnosis. He was suffering from psoriatic arthritis, something that hits from out of nowhere, can cause all sorts of strange problems and affects an estimated 25 million people.
On Aug. 10, just five days before the start of the PGA — only the third tournament he would play since Pebble Beach —- he announced his diagnosis, said he was taking a drug called Enbrel that was very effective and started doing commercials for it.
Wednesday, the talk was about new technology that has provided him with higher lofts and smaller clubheads. He appears to be as eager and motivated as that 35-year-old in our mind's eye.
But how different things might have been with a faulty diagnosis or a lack of response to medicine.
For a golfer who, four years ago, couldn't bend his left pinkie finger for six months, the future is incredible healthy.

subset: commoncrawl


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The t-shirt is a staple in casual wear and has been universally accepted by both men and women the last few decades. Not only are they a classic piece of casual wear, but t-shirts are a blank canvas for artists and entrepreneurs alike.
Because of this, selling t-shirts online has become a popular business choice. For many entrepreneurs, starting an online t-shirt brand is a great and inexpensive way to start an online business, whether it's your first, second, or tenth business.
Free Training: How to Quickly Start a T-Shirt Store
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With the growth in popularity of t-shirts businesses, there's no doubt you'll be facing some stiff competition. To break through, you'll need to have t-shirt designs people love, a brand people cherish and quality people trust. In this guide we will go through the creation process for starting your own t-shirt line and online store. We will look at each of the steps involved and the keys to success to help you get started as a t-shirt entrepreneur.
How to Start an Online T-Shirt Business
Let's dive in.
Setting Up An Online T-Shirt Store Is Easy...
Here's the good news. Building and launching a new t-shirt brand is relatively inexpensive and quick. If you already have ideas for the types of designs you want to sell, you can be up and running in as little as a few hours. With the abundance of apps and integrations in the Shopify App store, you can also connect your store to a t-shirt printer/dropshipper in minutes and have a fully functioning store, ready to print and ship to your customers.
But It's Also Really Hard Work
Although the tools and technology available nowadays for designing, printing and shipping your own t-shirts makes getting going extremely simple, the difficult part is building a brand to stand out from the competition. Combine competition with slim margins and building an online t-shirt company becomes a little harder than it might first appear.
To be successful with your new t-shirt brand, you have to make the right decisions from the get-go.
How to Start a T-Shirt Business
There are several critical elements to starting a successful t-shirt business. Each of these elements need to be considered closely before moving forward:
- Niche: Being more specific will help you stand out as well as better attract and market to the right audience without blowing your budget.
- Design: The majority of people that are purchasing graphic tees are looking for design, graphics and slogans that connect with them and reflect their opinions and personality.
- Quality: The quality of the shirts you use and the prints needs to be top notch.
- Brand: A strong, interesting brand is vital in the t-shirt industry.
Let's take a deeper look at the keys to success.
1. Niche
You hear this term get tossed around a lot, but nowhere is it more important to choose a niche than in the graphic t-shirt industry. One of the most important factors in building a successful t-shirt business is the ability to stand out from the many competitors and one of the best ways to do that is by choosing and catering to a specific niche.
In general, categories like t-shirts with funny slogans are going to be too broad to attack in a very developed market. You're going to want to tighten it up a little more. An example of a more specific niche would be t-shirts with funny slogans that relate to doctors and nurses.
2. Design
The last thing a visitor would want is to see in your catalogue is a copy of t-shirt design found elsewhere. Your designs don't necessarily need to be complex, in fact many of the best selling graphic tees are very simple, however, they do need to connect with your audience and stand out.
Recommended Course on T-Shirt Design: Hey, Cool Shirt: Designing Effective T-shirt Graphics by Chris Delorenzo, Lead Designer for Johnny Cupcakes.
3. Quality
The next most important factor in the success and sustainability of an online t-shirt business is quality. You can fool someone once, but you can't fool them twice. A pattern that fades and cracks or a t-shirt that shrinks and rips won't create raving fans that come back and repurchase.
4. Brand: A strong, interesting brand is vital in the t-shirt industry.
Your brand is a promise that will tie together all your choices including your niche, designs and quality. Building a unique and likeable brand is important for businesses in a high competition industry. When customers have more choices, it becomes extremely important for an ecommerce business to have a distinctive presence to capture customers' attention.
Recommended Course on Clothing and Apparel Branding: A Staple of Branding: How to Start Your Fashion Company by Jeff Staple, Founder, Staple Design.
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T-Shirt Quality
Not all t-shirts are the same and not all print jobs are the same. As we mentioned above, quality is paramount to your brand and its success, so it's important to educate yourself and choose your blank shirts wisely.
It will always be tempting to sacrifice on quality for higher profit margins but you need to consider how the quality will affect customer's decisions to share your brand and repurchase in the long run.
Quality t-shirts encompass several factors, including fit, sizing, material, softness, and weight. A great start point for determining which blank t-shirt to use is to check out T-Shirt Magazine Online's review of some of the most popular blank t-shirts for printing.
Once you narrow down your choices, it's strongly encouraged to order each of the t-shirts yourself to make an informed final decision.
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T-Shirt Printing Quality
In this day in age, there are three popular methods for printing onto t-shirts. Each method has its pros and cons, and will partially depend on how much time you want to invest into the product creation, as well as the printing partner you choose.
Below, we have outlined all three print methods to give you a better understanding of each process.
Screen Printing
Screen printing is an old technique that has stood the test of time. As one of the most popular methods for printing onto t-shirts, screen printing can produce durable and long lasting result. However, a labor intensive initial setup means screen printing is most cost effective when printing in bulk. Screen printing also poses issues when it comes to complex designs or designs with more than four to five colors as each color increases costs and production time.
- Cost effective for large batches.
- Volume discounts.
- Not cost effective for multiple colors.
- Can only print simple images and designs.
Heat Transfer
Heat transfers have also been around for a long time and exist in several form. You may have seen basic heat transfer paper at your local office supply store. Although these make it easy to print your designs from your home computer and transfer them with an iron, these won't cut it when it comes to running a business. The more advanced form of heat transfers are called plastisol transfers and are printed by professional printers on special, high quality heat transfer paper. The advantage of this is being able to order a stack of prints from your local printer and transfer them to your t-shirts as you receive orders with a commercial heat press machine.
Heat transfers can produce full-colour images onto t-shirts relatively easily and quickly.
- You can "print" each shirt on demand.
- Lower quality and less durable than direct-to-garment and screen printing.
- Large upfront investment into a heat press machine (Few hundred dollars to a few thousand dollars).
- Do-it-yourself approach means additional time input from yourself.
Direct-To-Garment (DTG)
The direct-to-garment printing process operates much like a ink-jet printer you would have at home. DTG prints ink directly onto the t-shirt and can produce full color images with accuracy.
Direct-to-garment printing produces quality printing on par with screen printing and better than heat transfers. Because it operates just like an ink-jet printer, there are no setup costs, unlike screen printing. This means that it's easy and cost effective to print small orders.
The major disadvantage of direct-to-garment printing is the lack of volume discount for large orders, as it takes the same amount of time to print each shirt.
- Unlimited color options.
- High detail accuracy in printed design.
- Great for small orders or one-offs.
- No set-up costs.
- Not cost effective for large production runs.
- Generally no volume discounts.
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Creating Your Designs
Find The Best Selling Designs And Niches
If you're stuck for t-shirt niche ideas and designs, a great start is to look at what else is popular and currently selling well.
Below is a list of several popular and bestseller pages for some of the top graphic t-shirt marketplaces that just might help you get a better idea of your next niche or t-shirt design.
- Teeview
- Zazzle Bestsellers & Zazzle Popular
- Redbubble Popular
- Skreened Trending Shirts
- Snorg Bestsellers
- Kickstarter T-Shirt Campaigns
You may also want to consider checking out Google Trends and Google Hot Searches to get a sense of the topics people are currently interested in.
Hire A Designer
Once you have an idea for some t-shirt designs. You're going to have to get your ideas actually designed. If you have Adobe Photoshop or similar programs you can likely produce some simple designs by yourself. However, if you're like most people, you will likely need to enlist some help.
There are a wide variety of tools and market places you can use to find a suitable graphic designer to help you with your designs.
Design Communities
Dribbble - Dribbble is a great designer community with lots of unique talent. Search for the style you're looking for and message the designers you like to see if they're available for freelance projects.
Behance - Behance is another great designer community to check out for your next t-shirt designer.
Freelance Networks
Some other great options you may also want to try are the more popular freelance networks like Freelancer and Upwork.
Buy Designs
If you're stuck for a designer, there are also options to purchase pre-made designs. You'll want to keep in mind that if you choose to go this route, there's high likelihood that other people are already selling the design, making it harder for you and your brand to stand out.
Check out t-shirt graphic marketplaces like:
You may also want to check out general graphic design marketplaces but keep in mind if you plan to sell your t-shirts, you'll need to purchase a commercial license.
Mocking Up Your Designs
Once you have some final designs, your next step will be to get some mockup images of them on actual t-shirts. Your customers are going to want to actually see what the final design will look like printed on a shirt.
There are a few ways you can get images of your final designs on t-shirts including ordering samples and taking product photography yourself, or with the abundance of t-shirt templates online, you can opt to create a 100% digital mockup like the one below.
Adobe Photoshop (Free Trial) t-shirt templates are the most common types of mockup files. They allow you to quickly preview how your designs will look printed on a t-shirt. Most Photoshop templates comes with multiple layers that allow you to change the colour of the shirt and apply your own design that will blend with the creases, folds and contours of the shirt.
Below, we have compiled several resources to help you find the best possible mockup file for your next project:
- GraphicRiver T-Shirt Mockups
- Design Inspiration Magazine - 40 T-Shirt Mockups
- Design Bolts - 50 T-Shirt Mockups
If Adobe Photoshop isn't right for you, you can also use web-based mockup software that will allow you to do the same thing without having to download and figure out Photoshop.
Another great options for tasks like this is to enlist help from someone on Fiverr for $5. Just search for t-shirt mockups.
Validating Your Designs
Before you spend a lot of money on your new business idea, you should first verify that there is a market and interest for your designs. There are many ways you can go about validating the market for your design ideas.
Some of the popular and more common methods for validating your ideas include:
Personal Social Networks - Post some of your designs to Facebook, Twitter and other social networks your friends and potential customers are a part of. Be careful asking friends however, their opinions will usually be tainted with an over-positive tint.
Reddit - Reddit is huge and we have discussed it thoroughly in past posts. With the massive number of subreddits it's possible to easily find a highly targeted niche of potential customers and ask them first hand their thoughts on your designs before launching.
Example: Bitcoin T-Shirt Validation
Kickstarter - Kickstarter and other crowd-funding websites have made it much easier to test, validate, and collect money upfront for your new business idea. Launching a crowdfunding campaign can be time consuming and requires a good deal of preparation, however, the benefits can be huge, which include fully funding your project before you have spent a dime.
Example: Dev Tee's and Starstuff Clothing
Open Test Store - Finally, with ecommerce platforms like Shopify, it's never been easier to set up a fully functional online store in the matter of few hours to validate your business idea. Sign up for a free 14-day trial and check out some of the free themes to get started.
Setting Up Shop
Now that you have your t-shirt designs, made your mockups and validated your idea, it's time to build your store. As mentioned in the validation section, getting set up on Shopify is quick and easy.
There are a handful of t-shirt print-on-demand dropshippers that directly integrate with your Shopify store, allowing you to get up and running in no time. These printer/dropshippers will print and ship your t-shirts to your customers on your behalf every time you receive an order, automatically.
Check out the following Shopify printer/dropshipper apps:
Why Wait?
It's never been easier to express your creativity and start your own online t-shirt business. Start a free trial and watch the following course to help you get your shop setup.
Shopify Academy Course: Build a Print-on-Demand Empire
Learn how to create your own custom-branded t-shirt shop in minutes. Expert Shopify merchant Adrian Morrison shares his framework for starting and launching a successful print-on-demand shop.Enroll for free
Bonus: For marketing tactics to market your new tshirt business, check out the "How to Sell Online" section of the Shopify blog.


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The Praise of Lincoln [Hardcover] by Wallace,
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Serving Non-Profits: A Case Study
Real-World Adoption Strategies
Laying beneath the shaded streets of Canton, Georgia is the office of RDA Systems. It is an unassuming and unpretentious office, which echoes the personality of its current president, Dave Davis. A second-generation president of the company, Davis is quietly spoken, yet knows what it is to take open source software into the competitive world of the non-profit organization. RDA Systems is not a large company as companies go. It is a family-owned and operated business that is so typical of American business. Small, lean, and somewhat successful.
For RDA Systems, going open source was a strategic decision. Since the early 1980s the company had provided accounting software to public schools and municipalities. About 75% of their current customer base is schools in the K-12 range. Their product fits the non-for-profit market sector.
What drove the change? According to Davis, "we wanted to be different." Going open source was the solution to make them different to their competitors. He also wanted a competitive approach to help give him an edge in a highly competitive market. The competitive edge he was after, however, was not price. It was service and customer relationships.
Davis was interested in the relationship that he develops with his customers. And he figured that open source provided a better opportunity to build lasting and meaningful relationships than was possible if the company remained where it was. Now this does not imply that a company cannot provide good service if it is not in the open source marketplace. But what is does indicate is that when you are in open source, the perhaps the only way to make it is on service, and plenty of it.
However, Davis also understood the business drivers that buyers need to make intelligent decisions. He had the advantage, of course, of an established product in the market place. He also had the advantage of a solid and loyal customer base. Why, then, rock the boat?
A part of the answer to this question is the world view held by Davis. He thinks long term. He is more interested in a long term relationship with his customers than he is in making quick sales and losing customers on the way.
By making the shift to open source, RDA Systems could immediately change the dynamic of their relationship with new and existing customers. By giving away the software, RDA systems was now obliged to deliver superior service in order to attract and keep business.
For Davis, this is the key to success in the open source environment. Since you cannot make your money selling software, you better make it on service, otherwise there's no business.
Business decisions don't happen without some problems. In fact, a good rule to adopt is determining which set of problems you want to have. RDA Systems gave up short term profits and put a strain on their limited resources. What it gained, however, was improved profitability in the longer term.
Davis brings to this business a religious zeal to impact lives. He sees the business as a ministry to deliver quality service and products. By making the shift to open source, he placed everyone in his company on notice that now customer service was the critical component.
Yes, the company still continues to make sales and look for new customers. But these new customers only provide a payback for the their efforts way down the track--in the case of RDA Systems, they look in the 5-7 year range for an acceptable return on investment. Without servicing existing accounts well, RDA does not have the resources to continue to develop new relationships.
RDA Systems is thus a good example of how a company can move to the open source environment and do it successfully. Davis attributes the following steps to their successful changeover to open source.
First, he says, "take existing systems and make them better." There is no great advantage in reinventing the wheel when the current wheel has capacity for so many improvements. The schools and colleges on his software did not need a brand new approach to accounting software. What they needed was software that better addressed the needs of these organizations.
Second, Open Source provided RDA Systems with the ability to reduce initial costs for their customers. While they often met resistance from technical people who were familiar with NT and understood how to keep it working but unfamiliar with Linux, RDA Systems has successfully transitioned their customers to become lower maintenance site now operating with Linux.
Third, open source made it easy to provide some additional valuable add-ons to their software. Open Office, mail, calendar and contacts database are all items that users find valuable. In this case, RDA Systems was able to ride on the backs of others who have developed open source applications.
In summary, RDA Systems applied a simple formula and were successful in doing so. They took the advantage of open source, transferred their existing software to the environment, and applied the combination for a successful change in the way they do business.
The question needs to be asked: Can other businesses succeed in the open source marketplace? The answer is obvious if RDA Systems is a guide. open source certainly has it challenges. It does not provide a solution to all business problems. But it has some great solutions to real business issues.
If you have an open source solution, then follow Davis' advice. Find a problem, solve that problem, and see what rewards satisfied customers will send in your direction.


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Andrew Wyatt is an Australian national with over fifteen years of research and project management experience in the Mekong Region. He has a BSc from Macquarie University and completed his PhD in Geography from the University of Sydney in 2004. Since then, Andrew has been living and working in Vietnam.
For much of that time, he has been based in the Mekong Delta at Can Tho University and at the Institute of Tropical Biology in Ho Chi Minh City since 2007. He has held a number of advisory positions with government and non-government agencies in Vietnam and Cambodia; including IUCN, Oxfam and the Rivers Coalition of Cambodia. Andrew's academic and professional experience has been in diverse fields; such as the political ecology of the Mekong, integrated water resources management, trans-boundary impact assessments and community-based natural resource management. Andrew has published in leading international journals and was also a contributing author to the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report 2007.
Presently, he is the Mekong Delta Programme Manager at IUCN Viet Nam. As he manages programmes in relation to the Delta, he is also a focal point for the Building Coastal Resilience (BCR) project in Viet Nam.
Could you provide us with the key updates on BCR activities in Viet Nam?
Following the completion of the Vulnerability and Capacity Assessments (VCAs) and Promoting Local Innovations in our four provinces by late 2012, the Building Coastal Resilience (BCR) project in Viet Nam moved into its pilot project implementation stage. A total of nine pilot projects are in various stages of preparation, with approximately US$ 300,000 being allocated for their implementation. Six projects have gone through a cost-benefit analysis, and are just completing their contractual phase. Implementation will begin in August. The other three projects will follow soon after. Our local implementing partners for these projects include a Women's Union, two Commune Peoples Committees, a Fisheries Sub-department, and a Forest Management Board.
The six projects involve the following:
- Community-based adaptation to climate change impacts through mangrove reforestation and strengthening a compacted earth sea dyke to protect crop land in Soc Trang.
- Conservation of coastal aquatic species in the near-shore fishery by conversion to more sustainable fishing practice and gear in Soc Trang.
- Supporting the Soc Trang Women's Union with new climate proofed livelihoods and climate change awareness-raising.
- Awareness-raising, and livelihood diversification in Kien Giang
- Clean water, sanitation and waste collection in Kien Giang
- Mangrove sediment traps and wave barriers built out Melaleuca lanceolata trees, in Kien Giang
The highlight of the year for the BCR project in Viet Nam will be the opportunity to host, along with our partners, the Second Annual Forum on Building Coastal Resilience in Viet Nam, Cambodia and Thailand, between 15 and 18 October in Soc Trang Province. Planning for this exciting event is already underway.
What are the main results and highlights of the first BCR Coastal Forum organised in Thailand last year, and how the Coastal Forum in Viet Nam this year build upon it?
The highlight of the first Coastal Forum that was organised in Thailand included the opportunity for us and our provincial partners to engage with, and to learn from participants who shared the same ambitions in building coastal resilience. The first Coastal Forum had a focus on the conceptual issues of vulnerability and resilience and some of the tools that are used in their assessment. This was the first opportunity that our provincial partners had to engage with these concepts. The training workshop held by the Partnership for Environment and Disaster Reduction during the Coastal Forum kicked off the process of training our provincial partners on the method of doing vulnerability and capacity assessments which then allowed us to carry out this assessment in the months following the Coastal Forum.
This year, we plan to reconvene for the second Coastal Forum in Soc Trang Province, to focus on the implementation stage of BCR, by sharing experiences and learning from BCR's and its partners' resilience-building pilot projects and initiatives. As they did during the first Coastal Forum, we expect the media to play an important role and to communicate key resilience building issues and messages to the general public.
Together with our partners, we look forward to welcoming participants to this year's Coastal Forum.
Andrew Wyatt is based in Ho Chi Minh City and can be reached though [email protected]


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Pete Wentz didn't seem to mind opening for rapper Travie McCoy at Metro last Friday. Sure, Wentz is used to headlining larger venues with Fall Out Boy, but he's not in Fall Out Boy anymore (at least not at the moment). He's now in Black Cards — the band he started last year with female vocalist Bebe Rexha.
For Wentz, a Wilmette native, McCoy's tour will give his lesser-known band exposure. For McCoy, the Gym Class Heroes frontman headlining his first U.S. tour as a solo artist, it's an opportunity to repay the friend who gave him his big break.
The two musicians met in June 2004 after a mutual friend passed along Gym Class Heroes' album to Wentz, who had just started his Decaydance record label. The band's alt-hip-hop sound caught Wentz by surprise, especially because he was used to being handed demo tapes that all sounded the same, and he met with McCoy and Gym Class Heroes guitarist Matt McGinley before a Fall Out Boy show in Buffalo, N.Y.
"Pete came in a dressing room and gave me the up and down," said McCoy, 29, sitting backstage with Wentz hours before their show at Metro. "He eyeballed me and tried to gauge me." Wentz said the up-and-down scan had more to do with McCoy's 6-foot-5 frame than anything else. "It's weird when you're a short dude," said Wentz, 31, who stands about 5-foot-8. "You have to take a step back to get the whole picture. I need to step on an apple box just to hang out with him."
Wentz signed Gym Class Heroes to his label that fall and had them open for Fall Out Boy on tour. Over the years, Wentz and McCoy became close and have collaborated on songs (McCoy appeared on Fall Out Boy's 2008 single "What a Catch, Donnie"), an art show (at Gallery 1988 in Los Angeles in 2008), music videos (Wentz made a cameo in McCoy's 2010 clip for "Billionaire") — even tattoos (they got tattoos together — McCoy's saying "Young Hearts" and Wentz's "Be Free").
"One of the most fun times I've ever had was when he stayed at my house for two weeks (in 2008) and we just started doing art out of nowhere," Wentz said. "There was definitely a point when ..."
"You almost killed me?" McCoy asked.
Wentz didn't deny it. He said he lit rubber cement on fire because he thought "it would look really cool," which led to a larger-than-expected fire breaking out. Meanwhile, McCoy was taking a nap at the time and woke up to flames near his feet. "My first instinct was to jump up and push him out of the way," McCoy said. "I grabbed a blanket and threw it on the fire. The whole time I'm like 'What the (expletive) are you thinking?'"
When it came time for Wentz to choose a godfather for his son, Bronx, later that year, he narrowed his options down to McCoy and Cobra Starship singer Gabe Saporta before deciding on McCoy.
"I figured Bronx needed Travis just as much as Travis needed Bronx," Wentz said. "Travis, under it all, is really a sensitive dude. I know having something like that in his life will make his life important — make him keep chugging ahead when he has hard times."
McCoy went through a public breakup with pop star Kerry Perry and, like Wentz, has had his battles with drugs and depression. He said he often has turned to Wentz, who is going through a public divorce himself, with pop star Ashlee Simpson, to help him through. "He's someone I can talk to about things and not feel judged," McCoy said.
Although McCoy is having success as a solo artist ("Billionaire," off of his 2010 solo debut, "Lazarus," reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 songs chart), he said a new Gym Class Heroes album is in the works and could be out by the summer.
A new Fall Out Boy album? That's a different story. The band members are working on separate projects. The potentially good news for Fall Out Boy fans is that Wentz feels the bandmates are getting along better these days. "It's the time apart and space," Wentz said. "And we're now in a position where we have creative outlets and aren't in each other's way."
Wentz had planned on releasing Black Cards' debut album in the spring but is now shooting for the summer. "It's different than Fall Out Boy," he said. "We need to get the whole building behind it. With Fall Out Boy, it's like 'Let's put out an album,' and we could just roll it out. We need to market (Black Cards) in a different way. People don't know us."
In addition to bringing them on tour with him, McCoy plans to make a cameo on Black Cards' single "Dominos." He expects to record his verse by the end of the tour.
"This industry has a lot of fake people," Wentz said. "They're your friends when you're hot; but when you're not hot, they're not your friends. The fact that Travis is having us on his tour — that means a lot. (He) didn't have to do that. ... To me, it's pretty cool that the roles are reversed."
Twitter @aboutluisgomez


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It's Fitness Month here at iMore and Mobile Nations and part of getting in shape involves eating better which is why this week we're focusing on nutrition. It's typically easier to eat healthy by cooking your own meals as home, but for those times when you choose to go out to eat, HealthyOut for iPhone will help you find healthy dishes at local restaurants that meet your preferences.
The first time you use HealthyOut, it will ask you to select from a selection of dietary and nutrition preferences like Atkins, Weight Watchers,gluten free, low fat, low sodium, vegan, and more. Once you make your selections, HealthyOut is all set to find meals at restaurants near you.
When searching for food, you can filter the results in HealthyOut by cuisine, ingredients, and type of dish. You can even specify that you're not interested in eating salad with the "Not a Salad" filter. For each dish, you can see detailed nutrition information including calories and points.
HealthyOut is a great app for those you may not be able to eat at home but are still looking to make a healthy choice. If you pick this on up, please let us know what you think!
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x-raider wrote:Is Jar Jar a power role?
He gave Sidius/palpatine the emergency powers so he could use the clone army and create the empire...
Jar jar didn't. Darth Sideous used his force powers to maike jar jar do it, but it definitly wasn't his doing.
Up to speculations, but that's my oppinion.


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Follow RFF News on your cell phone. Text follow rff to 40404 you will receive txt messages with RFF News
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ACTUALLY Kynt & Vyxsin or TK and Rachel are the only teams going next would kind of make sense (BUT IT WONT HAPPEN) because if we believe the Tawain spoiler didn't it mention over hearing that the "asians" were eliminated before Tawain? Right now the only POSSIBLE f3 spoilers we have are:1. Nick/Don2. Nate/Jen3. ??so that 3rd team has to be either Rachel and TK or Kynt and Vyxsin, with one of them going in the next episode and the asians going after that.
Adopt A Demon - Demon Dictionary - Horror Halloween Dark Gothic ...Baal, Bael - (Hebrew) devil. Means "the lord." The Canaanites worshipped Baal and held rituals at which children were burned for sacrifice. According to Wierius, this demon is the first monarch of hell and appears as a three headed beast. Bael is cited in the Grand Grimiore as commanding general of infernal armies. http://adoptademon.50webs.com/demonnames.html
You actually believe that Nicolas and Donald will be in the final three I find it highly unlikely?? Kynt and Vyxsin may be knocked out in final five!!!!!!!! wow
I was just looking at the autostrada del sole and was headed for bologna, would you like one Boingo? mustard or mayo?
Quote from: puddin on December 10, 2007, 08:01:26 PM I was just looking at the autostrada del sole and was headed for bologna, would you like one Boingo? mustard or mayo? pepperoni pizza and beer for me! how bout a drink?
Kynt is yelling at her to stop the car. So for all we know they could be going in the wrong direction. So how reliable is it to go off of that as to where they are traveling?
One Team receives shocking news at the Pit Stop that they liken to a three-headed serpent that at any moment can spring forward.A penalty? maybe waiting out a penalty hoping that the next team doesn't arrive before the penalty is over?
Quote from: georgiapeach on December 10, 2007, 08:33:28 PMThe report is that they rolled their eyes and laughed when that was shown at their pizza party.....as opposed to bitch slapping each other?
The report is that they rolled their eyes and laughed when that was shown at their pizza party...
Just on a whim I looked around the entire Tuscany area for tattoo shops just in case the shop is not necessarily in Florence but maybe some where way off the beaten path but still in the Tuscany area. I found 3 tattoo shops that have the "17" in the address. I found these listings on this site: http://www.artemotore.com/tattoo/tatuaggitoscana.htmOnly one has a website and if you look at the website, the website gives a different address. At any rate, I thought I'd post this information anyway even if it doesn't help. My thinking is maybe they fly into Florence and go to the first clue where they read what the FF is and where to go for the next task which is maybe outside of Florence.TRIBAL TATTOO MARCO MONZA - via delle Buche, 17 - Porto Ercole (GR) tel.: 0564-830055TATTOO MIC 90 - Michele Berretta - via A. Manzoni, 17 - 56025 Pontedera (PI) tel.: 0587-58284RANDAGIO ART TATTOO STUDIO - Sergio Calonacci - via Vittorio Veneto, 19 - 50050 Gambassi Terme (FI) tel.: 0571-638948http://www.randagiotattoo.com/
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I've been busy the past couple weeks updating some of our old but well-loved articles. These articles come mostly from our Fluid Power Basics and eBook sections of our website, which is no surprise because these departments house articles that take a deep look into the basics of hydraulics and pneumatics, something both novice and advanced users of fluid power systems and devices are looking for.
The most recent article updates have been to those on pressure control valves, vacuum, and hydraulic reservoirs. Website analytics have proven that these are three of the articles you, our reader, visit most often. So what we have done is gone through them, updated the graphics and provided a variety of links and references to similar articles and material on the website. We hope this helps you find exactly what you are looking for in your search for fluid power information.
I'd love to hear what other articles you find most useful in your searches. Please let us know if there are articles you refer to regularly or have bookmarked. We'll do what we can do to make reading them an even better experience for you.


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Michael Ungar - Director
As the Director of the Resilience Research Centre, the Canada Research Chair in Child, Family and Community Resilience and Professor of Social Work at Dalhousie University, as well as a family therapist, Michael Ungar, Ph.D. brings both qualitative research and resilience theory expertise to numerous international research projects. He has also practiced for over 25 years as a Social Worker with children and families in child welfare, mental health, educational, and correctional settings. Michael is also a Marriage and Family Therapist.
He is the author of 14 books and more than 75 articles and book chapters. His works include Working with Children and Youth with Complex Needs: 20 Skillds to Build Resilience, Too Safe for Their Own Good: How Risk and Responsibility Help Teens Thrive, and The Social Worker. You can find out more about Michael on his website.


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Everybody's talking about Amazon's latest move in the Amazon-Hachette kerfuffle and the reactions have been pretty predictable. Lots of confirmation bias going around. While the public broadsides, grand offers, and nasty anonymous leaks are full of sound and fury, I'm fond of looking for the truth in the silence. What the companies aren't saying is as important to understanding the situation as what they are saying. I'm not sure if anyone has noticed, but neither side has denied any of the specific factual claims the other has made. In fact, if we read between the lines, we can cut through the noise and see what's really happening. I have learned* the best way to do that is to make a timeline. Our brains have a tendency to remember the order in which we learned a set of facts and it has a hard to reassembling the chronological order of how things actually happened. We should be continually re-evaluating our understanding of this situation based on new information.
Recent statements from both sides have provided a lot more information about how this dispute got to this point. To avoid turning Joe's blog into an academic article, I'm not going to footnote all of these events. If you want the source for a particular claim, just ask in the comments. My primary sources are the most recent Amazon-Hachette exchange and Michael J. Sullivan's account of his interactions with Amazon and Hachette this year. If I have left off any significant events and gotten any of this wrong, please let me know if the comments. I'm far more interesting in getting this right than being right.
Early Jan 2014
Amazon makes the first move, sending an offer to Hachette. Based on Hachette leaks, we know that Amazon is offering a return to wholesale pricing.
7 Feb 2014
Amazon stops discounting Hachette titles.
9 Mar 2014
Amazon starts widespread reducing inventory of Hachette print titles. (Some folks noticed occasional short inventory of Hachette titles much earlier.)
Mar 2014
Amazon extends the Hachette contract into April.
Mar-Apr 2014
Sullivan and his business manager are in frequent contact with Hachette and Amazon. Neither Amazon or Hachette mention to Sullivan that they have no contract to sell his books on Amazon.
Early April 2014
Hachette responds to Amazon with counter-offer. Amazon rejects offer sometime in April.
Mid-Apr 2014
Hachette begins serious negotiations to buy the publishing arm of Perseus in a complex three-way deal with Ingram (which wanted the distribution half of Perseus).
7 May 2014
Sullivan and his business manager start reaching out to other Hachette-published authors.
8 May 2014
Hachette emails Sullivan's business manager about the contacts with other authors.
New York Times writer and Hachette transcriber David Streitfeld publishes story quoting Hachette about the shipping delays, but no other details.
9 May 2014
David Streitfeld "breaks the story". Here is what he wrote:
Amazon's secret campaign to discourage customers from buying books by Hachette, one of the big New York publishers, burst into the open on Friday.
May 2014
Hachette makes another offer to Amazon.
23 May 2014
Hachette finally reaches out to its authors with a letter from Michael Pietsch, CEO of Hachette Book Group (HBG).
27 May 2014
Amazon makes its first public statement about the dispute with a low-key posting buried in its forums. The Amazon statement includes an offer to join with Hachette to fund a hold-harmless pool of money for Hachette published authors.
28 May 2014
Hachette's Investor Day publication reveals its strategic goal to gain control of its titles ebook prices. CEO Arnaud Nourry says the discounting of ebooks ends at the end of 2014. Nourry says he is traveling to the U.S. to negotiate the Amazon deal.
4 Jun 2014
Stephen Colbert makes an issue of the dispute on his show.
5 Jun 2014
Amazon counters Hachette's May offer.
20 Jun 2014
More Hachette leaks to the NYT revealing Amazon's negotiating positions.
I spoke to someone involved on the Hachette side of the negotiations, who is under orders not to discuss them and asked not to be named. This person said that Amazon has been demanding payments for a range of services, including the pre-order button, personalized recommendations and a dedicated employee at Amazon for Hachette books. This is similar to so-called co-op arrangements with traditional retailers, like paying Barnes & Noble for placing a book in the front of the store.
Amazon "is very inventive about what we'd call standard service," this person said. "They're teasing out all these layers and saying, 'If you want that service, you'll have to pay for it.' In the end, it's very hard to know what you'd be paying. Hachette has refused, and so bit by bit, they've been taking away these services, like the pre-order button, to teach Hachette a lesson."
24 Jun 2014
Hachette closes Perseus deal.
1 Jul 2014
The New York Public Library hosts a hastily put together public forum stacked with 5 Hachette shills balanced by the inestimable David Vandagriff (affectionately known as Passive Guy by his internet friends).
Amazon's "100% of ebooks receipts offer" becomes public.
1. Hachette did not negotiate in good faith before the end of the contract.
They didn't negotiate at all. Amazon and Hachette agree on this crucial point. The first Hachette offer was in April. Amazon says the original contract ran out in March and Hachette hasn't denied it. In my view, the party that makes no attempt to negotiate during the term of the original contract is the instigator of the stand-off.
The publishing half of Perseus was estimated to have revenues in the $100 million range. That's a pretty big deal in the publishing world.
2. Hachette knew for months that their authors were being harmed and they did nothing.
Sullivan noticed that the usual Amazon discounts on his titles were gone on February 7. He saw the inventory issues on March 9. He let Hachette know about both issues. At that point Hachette had let their contract expire without so much as a counter-offer.
3. We can't know for sure, but it looks like Sullivan was the catalyst for the issues becoming public.
Look closely at the timeline.
4. Hachette was able to pull off a complex, multi-million dollar acquisition of a smaller publisher, but unwilling to fund either of Amazon's offers to help the affected authors.
5. Since the dispute became public, Hachette has essentially abandoned the negotiations in favor of a concerted public relations campaign.
Hachette's last offer was in May around the time the affair became public. Amazon sent them another offer on June 5. Hachette has orchestrated a high-profile publicity campaign with big name authors, a popular TV host, and the publishing industry press taking up Hachette's cause. Hachette has even enlisted the New York Times to play stenographer for them.
6. Hachette has a powerful incentive to drag this out.
To achieve its goal, Hachette needs to delay the final agreement until late 2014 or early 2015. That is the earliest time they will be able to conclude an agreement with Amazon that restricts Amazon's ability to discount ebooks. Moreover, developments in Apple's ongoing appeal could substantially impact Hachette's negotiating position. An Apple loss or settlement would make reaching an agency deal (with no discounting) almost impossible because Amazon is not going to agree to let Apple underprice them on ebooks.
*I learned to make timelines like this from Marcy Wheeler, who is so smart Barry Eisler named a character in his John Rain series after her.
Joe sez: All great points and conclusions, William.
As per your call that the NYT has become Hachette's stenographer, what appears to be a level-headed post in the NYT today gets several things wrong. It mentions Amazon offers 35% e-royalties compared to legacy publishing's 25%, but doesn't mention that's gross, not net. It doesn't mention the letter signed by over 7000 people--authors and readers--supporting Amazon. It assumes this battle is about Amazon taking money from Hachette, but misses the whole point that Hachette wants to control ebook prices. And it ends on a note of paranoia.
There is fear here. It's somewhat odd, considering the record profits publishers are making and boasting about, but when you think about the long run the fear is warranted. Publishers once ruled the roost. They had the key to the gate, and control over price and distribution. Readers and writers were at their mercy.
And now, suddenly, we're not.
Publishers and their pundits (I'm looking at you Mike Shatzkin and Digital Book Word) refuse to believe or even acknowledge the data on www.AuthorEarnings.com, and most of them believe that ebook sales are plateauing. In fact, they are continuing to grow at a rapid pace, because of indies. But no survey or data collection shows how big the self-pub shadow industry is, so the legacy world remains clueless as to many sales they are actually losing.
This is a slippery slope, because more and more authors are figuring it out.
Readers want ebooks, and they want to shop on Amazon. Most writers, even those who cling to their legacy masters with Stockholm Syndrome allegiance, know the royalty difference between what their publishers pays them and what they can get on their own. As bookstores close (hello Barnes & Noble) and the paper midlist becomes unsustainable, even those steadfast legacy authors are going to have to self-publish. Publishing will be relegated to managing backlists (at least until authors begin hiring lawyers) and their major bestsellers, who are eventually going to leave as paper sales become a niche market.
No matter whose side you're on in this current dispute, the future is already written. Hachette and the Big 5 won't be able to sustain their business model; protecting their paper oligopoly. And the mistakes they're making right now are only bringing this future to bear even faster.


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Hi Everyone
As people say in Brazil, I have been bitten by the tennis bug, since then I cannot have enough of tennis. I am a big fan of Federer, for he defeats power with technique. I also like players with a strong backhand, such as Gasquet, Gaudio and Kuerten (Federer included). I myself prefer my backhand to my forehand, not that any of my shots are exceptional.
Enough, lets talk about tennis.


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Posts Taggedwii
It's already been established that the top three video game consoles can do a lot more than just play games. The PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii can all act as media hubs and extenders to stream videos, music and photos stored on your Mac.
Streaming content isn't all that new, but it's popularity and adoption amongst a wider range of consumers is becoming noticeable. Whether it's streaming music from the Web or listening to your iTunes playlists remotely, the method of delivering the stuff you want is getting easier to grasp. The best part is that you don't need much more than some neat software, a home network and, naturally, content you want to enjoy.
What you need to make sure of before you initiate all this is that your game console is connected to your home network, through Ethernet or Wi-Fi. Once the Mac and the console are on the same network, the rest should be easy.


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European Commission - Press release
State Aid – Germany: Aid to the "Gesellschaft für Weinabsatz" partially incompatible
Brussels, 29 June 2011 – The European Commission has found aid granted by Germany to Gesellschaft für Weinabsatz (GfW) incompatible with the EU State aid rules. The Commission has decided that a loan amounting to around € 15 million granted by the Wiederaufbaukasse der rheinland-pfälzischen Weinbaugebiete (WAK) in 1999 constitutes illegal State aid as it was granted in contradictions with the Commission notice on the method for setting the reference and discount rates.
The European Commission has further decided that WAK's subordination and waiver of claims in favour of GfW when GfW got into financial difficulty in 2000 did not constitute State aid as it is in conformity with the Private Creditor Test. The European Commission has also decided that GfW's purchase of must in 1999 from winegrowing enterprise and merchants, financed by the loan granted by WAK, did not constitute State aid as the purchase was done on market terms.
The examination by the European Commission has thus demonstrated that part of the measures constitute State aid to GfW. Germany shall not need to recover this aid as GfW is insolvent and has been dissolved and deleted from the trade registry and there is no legal successor.
This case originates in a complaint and a non-notified aid followed by an in-depth investigation opened in 2004 (see IP/04/224) and extended in 2008. In 1999, WAK granted a loan amounting to around € 15 million to GfW which GfW used to purchase must from winegrowing enterprises and merchants. In 2000 GfW found itself in financial difficulty and WAK agreed to subordinate and waive part of its claims on GfW.
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text: LU|ZONE|UL Community: https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/handle/10219/24 2019-01-03T00:25:41Z Teachers as Researchers https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/handle/10219/325 Title: Teachers as Researchers Authors: Wood, Jeffrey W. 2008-10-01T00:00:00Z Defining Literacies: The Complex Literacies Use And Understandings Of Tree Children https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/handle/10219/324 Title: Defining Literacies: The Complex Literacies Use And Understandings Of Tree Children Authors: Wood, Jeffrey W. Abstract: This nine-year ethnographic study describes how three children, Emily, Tristan, and Simon learned, used and understood literacies over time, across sites and within specific discourses. In documenting the literacies of these children, I have gained insight into the processes by which they became literate as well as how each of these children scaffold their own learning by using multiple literacies and sign systems. Emily, Tristan and Simon helped me to see literacies as complex in their conception and use and that all sign systems (e.g. art, dance, reading, writing, maths, sports, videogaming, etc.) operate using common semiotic principles. Sign systems as literacies are multimodal, meaning-focused and motivated; they involve specific social and cultural practices which differ depending on site and community. During every literate act the children in this study made extensive use of the semantic, sensory, syntactic and pragmatic cuing systems to make meaning, regardless of the literacies used. Emily, Tristan and Simon taught me that we need to see children as literate, as symbol users, and meaning-makers from birth. In order to support literacies learning we need to begin by recognizing and supporting the literacies learning process that is already in place. 2007-08-01T00:00:00Z Moses's story: Critical literacy and social justice in an urban kindergarten. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/handle/10219/31 Title: Moses's story: Critical literacy and social justice in an urban kindergarten. Authors: Wood, Jeffery W. Abstract: In this article, Jeffrey Wood reflects on his teacher research project in his kindergarten classroom. Wood focuses on the value of critical literacy as seen through his work with Moses, a student in his classroom. Wood shows us how much we need to consider children's points of views in early childhood literacy teaching. Wood describes how an important idea such as critical literacy—which involves creating literacy teaching that speaks to children's identities and empowers them—brings us closer to the worlds of our children and to those moments of insight and learning for ourselves as teachers. 2005-07-01T00:00:00Z


text:
BURBANK — What was supposed to be a showcase of tennis products and services mixed in with a little instruction proved to be much more at Saturday's Cecil Mamiit demonstration day at the Burbank Tennis Center.
The formerly-ranked tennis pro and current South Pasadena resident didn't hesitate in getting hands-on with participants in games and drills and even extended to a few clinic-goers the opportunity to challenge him in doubles play, while offering advice and taking photos well past his 10 a.m.-1 p.m. time slot.
"I grew up in Los Angeles and am a part of this community," said Mamiit, who won the defunct Burbank Challenger Tournament held at the tennis center in 1996 and 2000. "I've had some success in my life and my professional career and want to share some of my experiences with the community."
Mamiit's appearance was part of an arrangement between the Tennis Mechanix Pro Shop, located at the tennis center and run by Mamiit's college buddy Joel Dacay, and by HEAD Penn Racquet Sports, which displayed several of its racquet models for sale.
Only two months earlier, Mamiit was on the clay courts of Roland Garros helping lead his hitting partner, World Tennis Assn. third-ranked Maria Sharapova, to a 2012 French Open championship.
On Saturday, Mamiit encountered several aspiring Sharapovas and Roger Federers, with the biggest thrill of the day coming at the end of the camp when Mamiit and current USC junior Ray Sarmiento invited different fans to participate in short games.
One the final games paired Mamiit and 11-year-old Olivier Mascarade of Burbank versus eight-year-old Tony Grigorian of Porter Ranch and Sarmiento.
While Mamiit delivered a blistering ace for one point and Sarmiento volleyed a baseline shot between his legs, the game-clinching shot came from Mascarade, who delivered a cross-court smash that clinched a 6-5 victory.
"I'm always going to remember that. That was my best shot of the day," Mascarade said. "It feels great to hit it and to win."
Grigorian, who had "expected to be on Mamiit's team," was still thrilled in going toe-to-toe with Mamiit, who has career victories over American icons Andre Agassi and Michael Chang.
"This felt really good. I didn't know what to expect out there," Grigorian said. "Playing against Cecil was great."
Sarmiento, who's won two team national titles with reigning four-time champion USC, also enjoyed the experience.
"I remember what it was like to be in those shoes," said Sarmiento, who grew up in Glendale and said one of his life's highlights was playing against Agassi at the Los Angeles Open when he was 12. "I played here at the Burbank Tennis Center from the ages of 6-12 under [current instructor] Harout [Khachatrian] and I'll always owe some of my success to the lessons learned here."
Besides the doubles action, there were also basic drills clinics and a target practice skills competition.
Overall, HEAD conducted three different demonstrations, including one specifically geared toward beginning youths, which gained the approval of nine-year-old Priya Singh of Burbank.
"I think I liked the forehand drill and the box drill best," Singh said. "We did a lot work, but it was fun."
Besides the demo day, Mamiit also teamed with Dacay to run the Tennis Mechanix Academy, which is holding instruction from Monday through Friday. Both are also on the final stages of formalizing their own tennis academy, which is set to debut in the fall.
For more information on the Tennis Mechanix Academy, call (818) 252-9922 or send questions to email@example.com.


text:
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Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
versão On-line ISSN 2224-9435
versão impressa ISSN 1019-9128
J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc. vol.82 no.2 Pretoria Jan. 2011
Bilateral multiple cystic kidney disease and renal cortical abscess in a Boerboel
A M KitshoffI,*; V McClureII; C K LimIII; R M KirbergerIII
ISection Small Animal Surgery, Department Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
IISection of Small Animal Medicine, Department Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
IIISection of Diagnostic Imaging, Department Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
Cystic renal disease is rare in dogs and although infected renal cysts have been reported in humans, no report could be found in dogs. A 58 kg, 5-year-old, castrated, male Boerboel presented with weight loss, pyrexia, lethargy and vomiting, 20 months after an incident of haematuria was reported. The initial ultrasonographic diagnosis was bilateral multiple renal cysts of unknown aetiology. The cysts had significantly increased in size over the 20-month period and some contained echogenic specks which could be related to infection, normal cellular debris or haemorrhage. In both kidneys the renal contours were distorted (the left more than the right). The abnormal shape of the left kidney was largely due to multiple cysts and a large crescent-shaped septate mass on the cranial pole of the kidney. Aspirates of the septate mass were performed (left kidney) and the cytology and culture were indicative of an abscess. It is suggested that the previous incident of haematuria provided a portal of entry for bacteria into the cysts resulting in renal cortical abscess formation.
Keywords: abscess, Boerboel, cyst, haematuria, renal.
Cystic structures in the kidney can be classified as true cysts (epithelial cell membrane separating them from the surrounding tissue) or pseudocysts (wall consisting of granulation and/or fibrous tissue as a result of inflammation)14,36.
Renal cysts can be acquired or congenital, solitary or multiple and involve either one or both kidneys14,19,30,35. Furthermore these cysts can be classified as either simple or complicated, in which case they contain cells, bacteria or fungi34. Renal cysts in dogs, unlike those in cats, are usually small, solitary and incidental14.An autosomal dominant mode of inheritance for polycystic kidney disease (PKD) has been demonstrated in Persian cats6,12, and Bull terriers36. Ultrasonographically simple renal cysts can mimic renal neoplasia and renal cortical and perinephric abscesses in humans11. Simple renal cysts usually have a distinct sonographic appearance, which includes a round to oval contour, anechoic contents, smooth walls (with enhancement of the far wall) and marked distal acoustic enhancement6,35. Cysts can have internal echoes that can be related to haemorrhage or cellular debris, or might be artefactual due to a slice thickness artefact mimicking sediment in the cyst14,30,35. In humans complications such as infection and acute rupture of these cysts have been reported3,9,13,15,16,20,23-25,27,29,39-45.To the authors' knowledge, there are no previous case reports that documents renal cyst infection in dogs with multiple-, solitary cystic kidney disease or PKD.
A 5-year-old, fawn, fully vaccinated, intact, male Boerboel weighing 58 kg was presented to the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital (OVAH). The history suggested a change in the sexual behaviour of the dog with an increased tendency to 'mount' other dogs. Red discoloration of the urine for 2 weeks before presentation was noted. The only abnormalities that were seen on clinical examination were areas of echymoses on the penile mucosa. Faecal analysis was normal. Urine was collected via cystocentesis and analysed with the following findings: urine specific gravity (SG) 1.018, pH 7, proteins 1+, blood/haemoglobin 3+, erythrocytes 2+ and reticuloendothelial cells 1+. Abdominal ultrasound was performed using a Siemens Sonoline Omnia (Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) ultrasound machine and a mutli-frequency curvilinear array transducer operated at 5 MHz. This revealed multiple bilateral cystic structures measuring up to 13 mm in the medulla of the kidneys (Fig. 1). The prostate was normal in size with patchy hypo-to anechoic mottled areas. Bilaterally on the cranio-lateral aspect of the prostate there were more anechoic focal fluid accumulations up to 20 mm in diameter. The cytology of the ultrasoundguided fine-needle aspirates (FNA) was consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Owing to financial constraints the owners declined further diagnostics and blood tests. The dog was castrated by the referring veterinarian.
The dog was presented to the OVAH 20 months after initial presentation with a history of vomiting of 2 weeks duration. The dog had lost 12 kg and had a temperature of 40.2ºC that was partially responsive to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (Ranclav, Ranbaxy, South Africa, 625 mg) tablets at a dose of 20 mg/kg tid as prescribed by the referring veterinarian. The rest of the clinical examination was normal as was the faecal analysis. Urine was collected via cystocentesis and revealed the following: SG 1.026, pH 6, proteins 3+, bilirubin 1+, and blood/haemoglobin 4+. Cytological examination of the sediment from the spun down sample of urine revealed 4+ red blood cells. Blood samples were collected via cephalic venipuncture and sent for complete blood count and biochemistry profiles. The results revealed a moderate left shift neutrophilia, mild thrombocytopenia and a mild hyperglobulinaemia.
Abdominal ultrasonography was performed under sedation using medetomidine (Domitor, Pfizer, 1 mg/kg) at a dose of 10 µg/kg intravenously. The left kidney measured 10×6×7.5 cm with a slightly uneven margin (cranial pole was larger). A small amount of hypoechoic subcapsular fluid surrounded the kidney. Multiple round, well-marginated, anechoic, cystic structures were seen mainly in the medulla with some extending into the cortex. The largest of these measured 2.5 × 1.5 × 2 cm. These cysts had a clear edge shadow, distal acoustic enhancement with a thin but clear hyperechoic far wall (Fig. 2a,b). Some cysts contained multiple internal hyperechoic specks. The renal cortex was normoechoic and the corticomedullary junction was distinct. Two of the cranial pole cysts of the kidney were more hypoechoic and communicated with a large 5×3×3cm hypoechoic well-marginated, crescentshaped mass which distorted the cranial pole of the kidney. This structure had hyperechoic septa and multiple hyperechoic internal specks that swirled on ballotment. Acoustic enhancement and edge shadowing were seen. Slice thickness artefact was noted in the mass mimicking sediment. No gas was noted in the mass. The right kidney measured 11 × 6 × 5 cm. Multiple smaller (largest about 1×1×1.5 cm) anechoic structures were present mainly in the medulla (Fig. 3a,b). Some of these cysts communicated with each other and some had multiple hyperechoic internal specks. No cysts were found in any of the other abdominal organs, including the pancreas and the liver. The ultrasonographic diagnosis was atypical multiple renal cysts with a suspected large left renal cranial pole cortical abscess. Other individual complicated cysts could not be excluded. The differential diagnosis for cyst-like structures included uniform blood clots, unclotted blood, abscesses without debris, lymphomatous masses and necrosis related to tumours or cystadenocarcinomas35.
An ultrasound-guided aspirate was taken of the left cranial pole renal mass and appeared to be blood-stained pus, which was confirmed cytologically. Aerobic and anaerobic culture was positive for a rough Escherichia coli sensitive to doxycycline, trimethroprim sulphas, enrofloxacin and chloramphenicol. The patient was treated with oral antibiotics, 5 mg/kg enrofloxacin sid (Baytril 10 % oral solution, Bayer, Germany) but showed no improvement and became azotaemic. As ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration of the infected cyst was not feasible due to the size of the dog and the septation, surgical drainage was performed via a ventral midline celiotomy. Macroscopically the left kidney had an undulating shape with a large soft, yellow tinged fluctuant mass on the cranial pole (Fig. 4). The right kidney appeared macroscopically normal except for having an undulating contour (Fig. 5). The area surrounding the left kidney was packed with moist abdominal swabs. During manipulation of the left kidney the abscess ruptured inadvertently and the purulent material was removed by suction. The defect in the kidney was flushed, after which the abdomen was flushed with 10ℓ of lukewarm lactated Ringers solution (Ringers lactate, Fresenius kabi). The abdomen was partially closed leaving the cranialmost part of the incision open for drainage. A sterile non-adherent primary wound dressing and a large amount of cotton wool in the secondary layer for absorption of the exudate were applied. After the drainage the dog was placed on 5 mg/kg enrofloxacin sid (Baytril 10 % oral solution, Bayer, Germany) for a period of 3 weeks. Post-operative pain was treated with 0.2 mg/kg morphine sulphate (Morphine sulphate Fresenius PF, Fresenius Kabi, 10 mg/mℓ) intravenously every 4 hours for the 1st 48 hours. The bandage was changed daily for 7 days in a sterile manner under general anaesthesia, after which the abdomen was closed surgically. During this period the albumin levels were tested daily with a lowest recorded level of 21 g/ℓ (n = 27-35). The dog made a full recovery following surgery and the pyrexia and azotaemia resolved. He was discharged with instructions to complete the antibiotics. The follow-up ultrasound revealed remarkable improvement. There were few residual renal cysts up to 22 mm in diameter, but no evidence of the renal abscess.
Polycystic kidney disease has been diagnosed in the Persian cat and English bull terrier, West highland white terrier and Cairn terrier dogs4-7,12,32,33,36,3 and the cysts have been reported to originate from mainly the collecting duct and the distal part of the nephron17. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of PKD in Persian cats at an age of 3 months using ultrasonography has been shown to be 92.6 % and 91 %, respectively8. Results were 100 % repeatable and disease progression was noted in 75 % of cats over a 1-year period45 but no data could be found for dogs. The disease also progressed in the case reported here with the cysts increasing in size from about 13 mm to 22 mm in diameter over a 2-year period. Although the disease in the current report presented much like PKD, potential cystic renal disease in related dogs was not investigated.
Renal abscesses are rare in dogs14,21,46 and their pathophysiology is poorly understood21. The true incidence of renal abscesses is uncertain but 1 study reported it to be 0.003 % of all cases seen over a period of 15 years21. Sonographically specifically be looked for. Depending on the amount of gas, it can present as areas of increased echogenicity with or without dirty acoustic shadowing25 rising to the non-dependent surface of the abscess. Predisposing conditions to renal abscess formation include diabetes mellitus21, nephrolithiasis1,31, surgery2,18, toxin exposure22 and pyelonephritis18.28,31. In humans corticomedullary abscesses form as a result of ascending urinary tract infection, hence the common isolates of E.coli, Klebsiella spp. and Proteus spp.38 Most patients with renal cortical abscesses do not have urinary tract symptoms because the localised process in the cortex does not generally communicate with the excretory passages11. One study reported only 42 % positive renal cultures in humans with renal abscesses10. The authors hypothesise that a traumatic incident might have damaged the cysts and hence contributed to the haematuria. This allowed bacteria to gain access to the cysts with resultant abscess formation.
Polycystic kidney disease is a rare condition in dogs. Although infection of renal cysts has been reported extensively in humans, no such reports exist for dogs. This case report presents a large breed dog with slowly progressive multiple cystic kidney disease with focal abscessation of unknown origin. The patient responded well to surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy.
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Received: December 2010.
Accepted: May: 2011.
* Author for correspondence. E-mail: email@example.com