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Skip to comments.A Change of Mind for Antony Flew
Posted on 12/29/2004 2:44:16 AM PST by Ed Current
Professor Antony Flew, 81 years old, is: a legendary British philosopher and atheist and has been an icon and champion for unbelievers for decades.[1] In his most famous book, God and Philosophy, Flew concluded: though as always subject to correction by further evidence and further argument, that the universe itself is ultimate; and, hence, that whatever science may from time to time hold to be the most fundamental laws of nature, must, equally provisionally, be taken as the last words in any series of answers to questions as to why things are as they are.[2] In other words, nature (probably) explains everything about itself that is explicable, and so there is no need to believe in any sort of Creator.
One can read several debates in which Flew argues for atheism against Christian philosophers such as William Lane Craig, Gary R. Habermas and Terry L. Miethe.[3] In recent years Flew has been called: the worlds most influential philosophical atheist.[4] Writing on the Secular Web, Richard Carrier acknowledges Flew as: one of the most renowned atheists of the 20th Century, even making the shortlist of "Contemporary Atheists" at About.com.[5]
The shortlist needs to be updated.[6] Flew has changed his mind, and has let it be known that he is now a theist (at least in the broad sense of the term) because: the case for an Aristotelian God who has the characteristics of power and also intelligence, is now much stronger than it ever was before.[7]
Flew says that he simply: had to go where the evidence leads.[8] His atheism truly was provisional and subject to correction by further evidence and further argument. . .[9] It speaks very well of Professor Flews honesty, observes Americas pre-eminent philosopher of religion, Alvin Plantinga: After all these years of opposing the idea of a Creator, he reverses his position on the basis of the evidence.[10]
Flews change of mind is big news, not only about his personal journey, but also about the persuasive power of the arguments modern theists have been using to challenge atheistic naturalism[11], says philosopher Craig J. Hazen. Flews acknowledgement of theism was greeted with not a little scepticism by some of his former atheistic comrades.[12] In part, this scepticism was been fuelled by the fact that a rumour about Flew converting to Christianity hit the internet in 2001 and surfaced again in 2003. On each occasion: Flew refuted the claim personally. . .[13] This time, however, Flew has personally confirmed that he is a convert to theism (not Christian theism), and the story has been covered by major news organizations such as ABC News[14] and the BBC. If his new-found belief upsets people, well: thats too bad, says Flew: My whole life has been guided by the principle of Platos Socrates: Follow the evidence, wherever it leads.[15] As Jonathan Witt says: Those who admired [Flews] intellect when he was an atheist should listen carefully to his reasoning now - for if a man suddenly becomes persona non grata for changing his mind, then the possibility of reasoned civil discourse withers.[16]
I first heard about Flews change of mind in August of 2004, whilst attending the European Leadership Forum in Hungry. A number of well-placed sources said that Flew had recently come to believe in the existence of some kind of God, and that this shift in thinking was due in no small part to the kinds of arguments advanced by the Intelligent Design movement. Flew has since confirmed to The Associated Press that: his current ideas have some similarity with American "intelligent design" theorists, who see evidence for a guiding force in the construction of the universe. He accepts Darwinian evolution but doubts it can explain the ultimate origins of life.[17]
Then, in a letter to Philosophy Now magazine (Issue 47, August/September 2004, p. 22, cf. www.philosophynow.org/issue47/47flew.htm), Flew pointed out: the limits of the negative theological implications of Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection.[18] Quoting from Darwin, Flew noted that the theory of evolution by natural selection does not account for the origin of life, and observed that: Probably Darwin himself believed that life was miraculously breathed into that primordial form of not always consistently reproducing life by God. . .[19] Flew also said that:
the evidential situation of natural (as opposed to revealed) theology has been transformed in the more than fifty years since Watson and Crick won the Nobel Prize for their discovery of the double helix structure of DNA. It has become inordinately difficult even to begin to think about constructing a naturalistic theory of the evolution of that first reproducing organism.[20]
Flew recommended two books that tackle this issue from a theistic perspective: The first book was Roy Abraham Vargheses The Wonderful World: A Journey from Modern Science to the Mind of God (Fountain Hills, Arizona: Tyr Publishing, 2003). [cf. www.thewonderoftheworld.com/] The second book was Gerald L. Schroeders The Hidden Face of God: Science Reveals the Ultimate Truth, (Touchstone, New York 2001).
Flew ended what the editor of Philosophy Now called his tantalising comments by writing:
Anyone who should happen to want to know what I myself now believe will have to wait until the publication, promised for early 2005, by Prometheus of Amherst, NY of the final edition of my God and Philosophy with a new introduction of it as an historical relic. That book was a study of the arguments for Christian theism, first published in 1966. . . My own commitment then as a philosopher who was also a religious unbeliever was and remains that of Platos Socrates: We must follow the argument wherever it leads. Yours, Antony Flew.
If Flews letter didnt actually say he had come to believe in God, it was a very heavy hint.
On October 9th 2004, American philosopher J.P. Moreland noted Flews conversion to belief in God on national TV, whilst arguing for theism in an episode of Faith Under Fire, hosted by journalist and Christian apologist Lee Strobel.[21]
Following up the Varghese connection threw more light on Flews thinking. In his review of Vargheses book, Flew refers to a point made in an Introduction for a possible new and final edition of my God and Philosophy:
First, a substantial case of agreement. Richard Dawkins has famously asserted that "Natural selection. . . the blind automatic process which Darwin has discovered. . . we now know is the explanation for the existence and apparently purposeful form of all life." Against that claim I pointed out, after quoting a significant sentence from the fourteenth and final chapter of The Origin of Species, that one place where, until a satisfactory naturalistic explanation has been developed, there would appear to be room for an Argument to Design is at the first emergence of living from non-living matter. And, unless that first living matter already possessed the capacity to reproduce itself genetically, there will still be room for a second argument to Design until a satisfactory explanation is found for its acquisition of that capacity. You have in your book deployed abundant evidence indicating that it is likely to be a very long time before such naturalistic explanations are developed, if indeed there ever could be.
Our disagreements begin with any shift from the God of natural theology to the God of a Revelation. For the writings of Aristotle, which ultimately supplied Aquinas with most of his arguments for the existence of his God, contain no definition of the word God and no concept of an omniscient and omnipotent personal Being unceasingly observing human thought and human conduct, much less a concept of a Being demanding our obedience and threatening us with an eternity of extreme torture for what He insists on perceiving as our unnecessitated and unforgiven disobedience. So the five Aristotelian arguments which Aquinas famously offered as proofs of the existence of the Christian God are surely today more appropriately to be seen as arguments for the existence of a Spinozistic or Deistic God of Nature who or which leaves Nature and its creatures (including its human creatures) entirely to their own devices. The nearest which Aristotle ever came to the God or Gods of Christianity or Islam was when in the Nicomachean Ethics (X, viii, 8) he argued that if as is generally believed, [not God but] the gods exercise some superintendence over human affairs, it is reasonable to suppose that they take pleasure in that part of man which is best and most akin to themselves, namely the intellect, and that they recompense with their favours those who esteem and honour this most because these care for the things dear to themselves and act rightly and nobly. Now it is clear that all these attributes belong most of all to the wise man. He therefore is most beloved by the gods, and, if so, he is naturally most happy. Antony Flew.[22]
While Flew restricts the design argument to situations where no satisfactory naturalistic explanation has been developed (something that not all design argument advocates, let alone all theists, would agree with), it is significant to find Flew arguing against Dawkins that natural selection does not explain the existence of life, affirming that there is today no satisfactory naturalistic explanation for the first emergence of living from non-living matter, or for the capacity of life to reproduce itself genetically, and observing that there isnt even any sign of such an explanation on the horizon if indeed there ever could be.
In a recording of the 2004 symposium Has Science Discovered God, organised by The Institute for Metascientific Research, Professor Flew says: What I think the DNA material has done is show that intelligence must have been involved in getting these extraordinarily diverse elements together. . . The enormous complexity by which the results were achieved look to me like the work of intelligence.[23]
Together with an increasing number of scholars, Flew believes that the prospects of a satisfactory naturalistic explanation for certain facets of biological reality are dim (It has become inordinately difficult even to begin to think about constructing a naturalistic theory of the evolution of that first reproducing organism).[24] He also thinks that the best explanation of the evidence is to posit some form of intelligent design, even the God of natural theology (Flew only parts company from Varghese: with any shift from the God of natural theology to the God of a Revelation).
However, while it was clear from Flews review of Varghese that he now believes in a God, it was still unclear exactly what sort of God Flew has in mind. One source reported that Flew had described himself to a mutual contact as a minimal deist (a deist is usually defined as someone who believes in a God who created the universe but then left creation to its own devices).
Clarity on the question of the nature of Flews theism is provided by an exclusive and wide ranging interview Flew has given to Philosophia Christi, one of the top-circulating philosophy of religion journals in the world.[25] The interviewer was Christian philosopher and historian Dr. Gary R. Habermas, a Professor of Philosophy and Theology who is on the editorial board of Philosophia Christi, and a long standing personal friend of Flew: despite their years of disagreement on the existence of God.[26]
Philosophia Christi reveals that certain philosophical and scientific considerations were causing [Flew] to do some serious rethinking[27] on the God question as long ago as January 2003: He characterised his position as that of atheism standing in tension with several huge question marks.[28] Then: in January 2004, Flew informed Habermas that he had indeed become a theist. While still rejecting the concept of special revelation, whether Christian, Jewish or Islamic, nonetheless he had concluded that theism was true.[29]
The title of the article presenting Flews interview with Habermas is: My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew. So what of minimal deism? Asked whether his view might be called deism Flew replies:
Yes, absolutely right. What Deists, such as the Mr. Jefferson who drafted the American Declaration of Independence, believed was that, while reason, mainly in the form of arguments to design, assures us that there is a God, there is no room either for any supernatural revelation of that God or for any transactions between that God and individual human beings.[30]
It seems that Flew is prepared to accept the label Deist on the grounds that deists believe in God but neither revelation nor relational transactions between God and individuals concerning salvation or any afterlife. Indeed, Flew says: I am open to. . . but not enthusiastic about potential revelation from God.[31]
Flew also clarifies his comments about Spinozas God made in his review of Varghese: for me the most important thing about Spinoza is not what he says but what he does not say. He does not say that God has any preferences either about or any intentions concerning human behaviour or about the eternal destinies of human beings.[32] Hence Flew is not implying, with some interpreters of Spinoza, that God is pantheistic (i.e. that everything is God).
The minimal part of Flews deism may stem from the fact that Flew is not committed to the goodness of God, being unconvinced by the moral argument for God[33] and noting that what Aristotle had to say about justice. . . was very much a human idea[34] that had nothing to do with God. Regarding J.P. Morelands use of Flews change of mind in support of belief in the supernatural, Flew has said: my God is not his. . . Mine is emphatically not good (or evil) or interested in human conduct.[35] Flew reports how: as a schoolboy of fifteen years, it first appeared to me that the thesis that the universe was created and is sustained by a Being of infinite power and goodness is flatly incompatible with the occurrence of massive undeniable and undenied evil in that universe. . .[36] Flews belief in a God who is not defined as being infinitely good is compatible with his belief that the logical problem of evil is a sound argument because that argument only claims to rule out the existence of a God who has infinite power and goodness (and knowledge).[37]
However, Flews position is not deistic if one defines deism in terms of rejecting the belief that God has acted as a primary cause (as opposed to acting via secondary causes) within creation. This is because Flew now posits God as the best explanation for the origin of evolvable life. He does not accept the view of theistic evolutionists that nature has the capacity to produce evolvable life-forms using only its God-given resources. Flew says that naturalistic efforts have never succeeded in producing a plausible conjecture as to how any of these complex molecules might have evolved from simple entities.[38] Flew observes: I think that the most impressive arguments for Gods existence are those that are supported by recent scientific discoveries. . . I think the argument to Intelligent Design is enormously stronger than it was when I first met it.[39] Flew returns to his critique of Richard Dawkins:
It seems to me that Richard Dawkins constantly overlooks the fact that Darwin himself, in the fourteenth chapter of The Origin of Species, pointed out that his whole argument began with a being which already possessed reproductive powers. This is the creature the evolution of which a truly comprehensive theory of evolution must give some account. Darwin himself was well aware that he had not produced such an account. It now seems to me that the finding of more than fifty years of DNA research have provided materials for a new and enormously powerful argument to design.[40]
Flew also tentatively mentions that There does seem to be a reason for a First Cause,[41] which implies creation "in the beginning"[42], although he is not at all sure how much we have to explain here.[43]
It is now clear that Flew has become a philosophical theist, someone who believes in the existence of a God (a transcendent intelligence of perhaps infinite power but not infinite goodness) who created the cosmos and has acted within it; although not to produce any supernatural revelation, or to interact with humans on an individual basis concerning any scheme of salvation or any sort of life after death. The primary reason Flew has become a theist is that scientific evidence has convinced him that the origin of life required intelligent design. In Flews assessment, the scientific data indicates that one cannot argue, as he once argued, that it does not seem. . . that there is any good evidence [to] postulate anything behind or beyond this natural universe[44] and that the most fundamental laws of nature, must. . . be taken as the last words in any series of answers to questions as to why things are as they are.[45] Instead, Flew now argues that there is good reason to postulate something behind or beyond the natural universe precisely because the fundamental laws of nature cannot be taken as the last word in all series of answers to questions about why things are as they are. Specifically, this can not be done with regard to the origin of life.
On the one hand, says Flew, naturalistic efforts have failed to provide a plausible conjecture as to how any of these complex molecules might have evolved from simple entities,[46] and It has become inordinately difficult even to begin to think about constructing a naturalistic theory of the evolution of that first reproducing organism.[47] On the other hand: The enormous complexity by which the results were achieved look to me like the work of intelligence.[48] As Jonathan Witt comments:
Such evidence has drawn Flew from atheism to a non-specific theism. He isnt ready to accept the God of a particular religion, nor does he believe in an afterlife. The change is, nevertheless, significant. He no longer inhabits a worldview where the miraculous and the irrational are synonymous.
The amazing complexity of even the simplest cell; the information-bearing properties of DNA; the exquisite fine-tuning of the laws and constants of physics that make organic life possible. . . these signs of intelligence do not compel our belief in a God who thundered from Mount Sinai, lay in a manger or hung from a cross. But the evidence does have metaphysical implications, drawing us to a still place of wonder where such notions can be reasonably entertained.[49]
Greg Bahnsen, The Problem of Evil @ www.salemreformed.org/TheProblemofEvil.html
Joe Carter, Antony Flew and the Flight from Atheism: Part I @ www.evangelicaloutpost.com/archives/000857.html
Joe Carter, Antony Flew and the Flight from Atheism: Part II @ www.evangelicaloutpost.com/archives/000946.html
Catholic World News, Famed Atheist Concedes: Evidence Points to God @ www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=33940%20
Kelly James Clark, I Believe in God, the Father, Almighty @ www.calvin.edu/academic/philosophy/writings/ibig.htm
William Lane Craig, The Indispensability of Theological Meta-Ethical Foundations for Morality @ www.leaderu.com/offices/billcraig/docs/meta-eth.html
Antony Flew, Letter From Antony Flew on Darwinism and Theology, Philosophy Now, (Issue 47, August/September 2004, p. 22.) @ www.philosophynow.org/issue47/47flew.htm
Craig J. Hazen, Gary R. Habermas & Antony Flew, My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew. @ www.biola.edu/antonyflew/flew-interview.pdf
Stephen C. Meyer, DNA and Other Designs @ www.arn.org/docs/meyer/sm_dnaotherdesigns.htm
Roy Abraham Varghese, The Wonder of the World @ www.thewonderoftheworld.com/
Peter S. Williams, Intelligent Design Theory An Overview @ www.arn.org/docs/williams/pw_idtheoryoverview.htm
Michael J. Behe, William A. Dembski & Stephen C. Meyer, Science and Evidence for Design in the Universe, (Proceedings of the Wethersfield Institute, 2000)
Antony Flew, God and Philosophy, (Prometheus, 2005)
R. Douglas Geivett & Gary R. Habermas (ed.s), In Defence of Miracles, (Apollos, 1997) (Includes a chapter by Antony Flew arguing against miracles and a response by Norman L. Geisler)
Gary R. Habermas & Antony Flew, Did Jesus Rise from the Dead?: The Resurrection Debate, (Rowman & Littlefield, 2005)
Roy Abraham Varghese, The Wonder of the World: A Journey from Modern Science to the Mind of God, (Fountain Hills, Arizona: Tyr Publishing, 2003)
Stan W. Wallace (ed.), Does God Exist? The Craig-Flew Debate, (Ashgate, 2003)
Has Science Discovered God? (DVD in which the participants of the 2004 conference organised by Varghese, including Flew, argue that science has found God)
[1] Craig J. Hazen, Preface to the pre-publication release of My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew @ www.biola.edu/antonyflew/flew-interview.pdf
[2] Antony Flew, God and Philosophy, second edition, (Hutchinson of London, 1966), p. 194.
[3] cf. Stan W. Wallace (ed.), Does God Exist? The Craig-Flew Debate, (Ashgate, 2003); Gary R. Habermas & Antony Flew, Did Jesus Rise from the Dead?: The Resurrection Debate, (Wipf & Stock Publishers, 2003); Terry L. Miethe & Antony Flew, Does God Exist?, (New York: Harper Collins, 1991)
[4] Comment quoted by Gary R. Habermas, My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew, op cit.
[5] Richard Carrier, Antony Flew Considers God. . . Sort Of @ www.secweb.org/asset.asp?AssetID=369
[6] cf. Contemporary Atheists @ http://atheism.about.com/library/FAQs/ath/blathd_mod.htm
[7] Antony Flew, My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew , op cit.
[8] ibid.
[9] Antony Flew, God and Philosophy, second edition, (Hutchinson of London, 1966), p. 194.
[10] Alvin Plantinga, Worlds Most Famous Atheist Accepts Existence of God,
Cites Modern Science! @ www.thewonderoftheworld.com/newsrelease-flew.php
[11] Hazen, op cit.
[12] cf. Austin Cline, Antony Flew leaving Atheism @ http://atheism.about.com/b/a/119216.htm
[13] Carrier, op cit. cf. Sorry to Disappoint, but Im Still an Atheist! (2001) @ www.secweb.org/asset.asp?AssetID=138
[14] cf. ABC News, Famous Atheist Now Believes in God @ http://io.speckz.org/node/233 & abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=315976;
[15] ABC News, Famous Atheist Now Believes In God @ abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=315976
[16] Jonathan Witt, Entertaining the notion of a place of wonder @ http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/opinion/2002120766_witt16.html
[17]ABC News, op cit.
[18] Letter From Antony Flew on Darwinism and Theology, Philosophy Now, @ www.philosophynow.org/issue47/47flew.htm
[19] ibid.
[20] ibid.
[21] cf. www.faithunderfire.com/indexFlash.html
[22] www.thewonderoftheworld.com/Sections1-article227-page1.html
[23] Worlds Most Famous Atheist Accepts Existence of God, Cites Modern Science, op cit.
[24] cf. www.discovery.org/articleFiles/PDFs/100ScientistsAd.pdf, www.arn.org/docs2/news/100scientists0929.htm
[25] cf. www.biola.edu/philchristi
[26] Hazen, Preface to the pre-publication release of My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew, op cit.
[27] My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew.
[28] My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew, op cit.
[29] ibid.
[30] Flew, ibid.
[31] ibid.
[32] ibid.
[33] cf. William Lane Craig, The Indispensability of Theological Meta-Ethical Foundations for Morality @ www.leaderu.com/offices/billcraig/docs/meta-eth.html
[34] Flew, op cit.
[35] Carier, op cit.
[36] Flew, op cit.
[37] On the problem of evil, cf. Greg Bahnsen, The Problem of Evil @ www.salemreformed.org/TheProblemofEvil.html; Kelly James Clark, I Believe in God, the Father, Almighty @ www.calvin.edu/academic/philosophy/writings/ibig.htm; Gregory Koukl, Evil as Evidence for God @ www.str.org/free/solid_ground/SG0105.htm; Peter Kreeft, The Problem of Evil, @ www.peterkreeft.com/topics/evil.htm; Daniel Howard-Snyder (ed.), The Evidential Argument from Evil, (Bloomington: Indiana University, 1996); John Perry, Dialogue on Good, Evil, and the Existence of God, (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1999)
[38] Antony Flew, God and the Big Bang, (Lecture, 2000).
[39] Flew, My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew, op cit.
[40] ibid.
[41] ibid.
[42] ibid.
[43] ibid.
[44] Antony Flew, in debate, quoted by Worlds Most Famous Atheist Accepts Existence of God, Cites Modern Science, op cit.
[45] Antony Flew, God and Philosophy, second edition, (Hutchinson of London, 1966), p. 194.
[46] Flew, My Pilgrimage from Atheism to Theism: An Exclusive Interview with Former British Atheist Professor Antony Flew , op cit.
[47] Antony Flew, Philosophy Now, Issue 47, August/September 2004, p. 22.
[48] Antony Flew, quoted by Worlds Most Famous Atheist Accepts Existence of God, Cites Modern Science, op cit.
[49] Witt, op cit.
.the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. --
We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions . --And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor. NARA | The National Archives Experience
Brother Pagan can demonstrate that Pro-Choice Sister Christian is evil of the worst sort, and conclude that whatever God she follows must be no different than the devil himself. If Brother Pagan does a little investigation, he will discover that Jesus, in Matthew 19:18 reiterated Deuteronomy 5:17 "You must not murder," and that Paul stated in Romans 13:3 "For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same: 13:4 For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil. 13:5 Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience sake."
Brother Pagan concludes that Jefferson & Paul agree that the fundamental purpose of government is to secure rights granted by God by punishing evil and he discovers that it does 'outside the abortion context.'
Brother Pagan continues his investigation, and discovers that Sister Christian worships at the bench of Most High Court which has broken the Law of the Most High God. He concludes that pervasive evil in his country exist because Sister Christian has chosen to be a slave of Satan rather than a servant of God who overcomes evil with good, by demanding adherence to the rule of Law expressed in the Constitution, and not the deviant dictates of a judicial oligarchy that breaks the Law of Moses, Christ, Jefferson, Paul, and common sense found in Rom.2:15.
Brother Pagan realizes that Sister Christian doesn't have a head, but might have a heart:
The goodness of God is partially obscured by the evil in his 'believers,' and no where is it more obscured than in the American Holocaust, which has eclipsed the Jewish Holocaust many times over.
Years ago, C.S. Lewis took the same journey that Antony Flew appears to be on, and he made this comment about evil:
The greatest evil is not now done in those sordid "dens of crime" that Dickens loved to paint. It is not even done in concentration camps and labor camps. In those we see its final result. But it is conceived and ordered (moved, seconded, carried and minuted) by quiet men in clean, carpeted and well-lighted offices, by quiet men with white collars and cut fingernails and smooth-shaven cheeks who do not need to raise their voices. - C.S. Lewis, The Screwtape Letters. New York: Macmillan, 1964. Page ix.
The description fits those on the U.S. Supreme Court who routinely break the laws that states make to protect human life, and the politicians who endorse or tacitly approve their law breaking.
Men that weren't feminized had the courage to throw off a tyrant once upon a long time ago:
" .that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these Ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its Foundation on such Principles, and organizing its Powers in such Form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient Causes; and accordingly all Experience hath shewn, that Mankind are more disposed to suffer, while Evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the Forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long Train of Abuses and Usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object, evinces a Design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their Right, it is their Duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future Security. Such has been the patient Sufferance of these" states "; and such is now the Necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The History of the present" United States Supreme Court "is of repeated Injuries and Usurpations, all having in direct Object the Establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States."
Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution provides the means to overthrow the tyranny of the Most Hight Court. Presently, Article 3 has no constituency, because there is no 'pork' in it, and you have a lot of good for nothing politicians who are content with the triumph of evil.
That is one long post. Atheism, what is that? The belief that there is no God? If that was true then why is there something as compared to nothing? A belief in no God is to believe that there is nothing. It`s not a question of life or death it is a question of now. Why is there a table, a chair, a human, an earth, a sun, a universe? It`s all God. God is existence and if God doesn`t exist then who is dreaming this, how can there be a dream if there is nothing?
They say the distance between heaven and hell is an average of 18 inches.
|Home > Summa Theologica > First Part > Question 2 > Article 3
Objection 1. It seems that God does not exist; because if one of two contraries be infinite, the other would be altogether destroyed. But the word "God" means that He is infinite goodness. If, therefore, God existed, there would be no evil discoverable; but there is evil in the world. Therefore God does not exist.
Objection 2. Further, it is superfluous to suppose that what can be accounted for by a few principles has been produced by many. But it seems that everything we see in the world can be accounted for by other principles, supposing God did not exist. For all natural things can be reduced to one principle which is nature; and all voluntary things can be reduced to one principle which is human reason, or will. Therefore there is no need to suppose God's existence.
On the contrary, It is said in the person of God: "I am Who am." (Exodus 3:14)
I answer that, The existence of God can be proved in five ways.
The first and more manifest way is the argument from motion. It is certain, and evident to our senses, that in the world some things are in motion. Now whatever is in motion is put in motion by another, for nothing can be in motion except it is in potentiality to that towards which it is in motion; whereas a thing moves inasmuch as it is in act. For motion is nothing else than the reduction of something from potentiality to actuality. But nothing can be reduced from potentiality to actuality, except by something in a state of actuality. Thus that which is actually hot, as fire, makes wood, which is potentially hot, to be actually hot, and thereby moves and changes it. Now it is not possible that the same thing should be at once in actuality and potentiality in the same respect, but only in different respects. For what is actually hot cannot simultaneously be potentially hot; but it is simultaneously potentially cold. It is therefore impossible that in the same respect and in the same way a thing should be both mover and moved, i.e. that it should move itself. Therefore, whatever is in motion must be put in motion by another. If that by which it is put in motion be itself put in motion, then this also must needs be put in motion by another, and that by another again. But this cannot go on to infinity, because then there would be no first mover, and, consequently, no other mover; seeing that subsequent movers move only inasmuch as they are put in motion by the first mover; as the staff moves only because it is put in motion by the hand. Therefore it is necessary to arrive at a first mover, put in motion by no other; and this everyone understands to be God.
The second way is from the nature of the efficient cause. In the world of sense we find there is an order of efficient causes. There is no case known (neither is it, indeed, possible) in which a thing is found to be the efficient cause of itself; for so it would be prior to itself, which is impossible. Now in efficient causes it is not possible to go on to infinity, because in all efficient causes following in order, the first is the cause of the intermediate cause, and the intermediate is the cause of the ultimate cause, whether the intermediate cause be several, or only one. Now to take away the cause is to take away the effect. Therefore, if there be no first cause among efficient causes, there will be no ultimate, nor any intermediate cause. But if in efficient causes it is possible to go on to infinity, there will be no first efficient cause, neither will there be an ultimate effect, nor any intermediate efficient causes; all of which is plainly false. Therefore it is necessary to admit a first efficient cause, to which everyone gives the name of God.
The third way is taken from possibility and necessity, and runs thus. We find in nature things that are possible to be and not to be, since they are found to be generated, and to corrupt, and consequently, they are possible to be and not to be. But it is impossible for these always to exist, for that which is possible not to be at some time is not. Therefore, if everything is possible not to be, then at one time there could have been nothing in existence. Now if this were true, even now there would be nothing in existence, because that which does not exist only begins to exist by something already existing. Therefore, if at one time nothing was in existence, it would have been impossible for anything to have begun to exist; and thus even now nothing would be in existence--which is absurd. Therefore, not all beings are merely possible, but there must exist something the existence of which is necessary. But every necessary thing either has its necessity caused by another, or not. Now it is impossible to go on to infinity in necessary things which have their necessity caused by another, as has been already proved in regard to efficient causes. Therefore we cannot but postulate the existence of some being having of itself its own necessity, and not receiving it from another, but rather causing in others their necessity. This all men speak of as God.
The fourth way is taken from the gradation to be found in things. Among beings there are some more and some less good, true, noble and the like. But "more" and "less" are predicated of different things, according as they resemble in their different ways something which is the maximum, as a thing is said to be hotter according as it more nearly resembles that which is hottest; so that there is something which is truest, something best, something noblest and, consequently, something which is uttermost being; for those things that are greatest in truth are greatest in being, as it is written in Metaph. ii. Now the maximum in any genus is the cause of all in that genus; as fire, which is the maximum heat, is the cause of all hot things. Therefore there must also be something which is to all beings the cause of their being, goodness, and every other perfection; and this we call God.
The fifth way is taken from the governance of the world. We see that things which lack intelligence, such as natural bodies, act for an end, and this is evident from their acting always, or nearly always, in the same way, so as to obtain the best result. Hence it is plain that not fortuitously, but designedly, do they achieve their end. Now whatever lacks intelligence cannot move towards an end, unless it be directed by some being endowed with knowledge and intelligence; as the arrow is shot to its mark by the archer. Therefore some intelligent being exists by whom all natural things are directed to their end; and this being we call God.
Reply to Objection 1. As Augustine says (Enchiridion xi): "Since God is the highest good, He would not allow any evil to exist in His works, unless His omnipotence and goodness were such as to bring good even out of evil." This is part of the infinite goodness of God, that He should allow evil to exist, and out of it produce good.
Reply to Objection 2. Since nature works for a determinate end under the direction of a higher agent, whatever is done by nature must needs be traced back to God, as to its first cause. So also whatever is done voluntarily must also be traced back to some higher cause other than human reason or will, since these can change or fail; for all things that are changeable and capable of defect must be traced back to an immovable and self-necessary first principle, as was shown in the body of the Article.
The Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas
Second and Revised Edition, 1920
Literally translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province
Online Edition Copyright © 2003 by Kevin Knight
Nihil Obstat. F. Innocentius Apap, O.P., S.T.M., Censor. Theol.
Imprimatur. Edus. Canonicus Surmont, Vicarius Generalis. Westmonasterii.
Nihil Obstat. F. Raphael Moss, O.P., S.T.L. and F. Leo Moore, O.P., S.T.L.
Imprimatur. F. Beda Jarrett, O.P., S.T.L., A.M., Prior Provincialis Angliæ
New Advent is dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.
Who is this Anthony Flew, guy? Foir a "noted atheist and philosopher", I never heard of him until now . . . . . . and that's not saying much.
Personally, I believe his "change of mind" is coming because he is beginning to hear the strains of "Nearer My God to Thee".
Theists have the same problem -- why would there be a god as compared to nothing?
A belief in no God is to believe that there is nothing.
That's just goofy.
It`s not a question of life or death it is a question of now. Why is there a table, a chair, a human, an earth, a sun, a universe?
Again, why would there be a god? Same problem.
It`s all God.
That doesn't resolve anything.
God is existence
Why not just "the universe is existence", without a god? Invoking a god to "explain" everything is just circular and resolves nothing.
and if God doesn`t exist then who is dreaming this, how can there be a dream if there is nothing?
Because there is something.
Personally, I believe you are on to something. ;)
DO believe, as did a majority of our founders(apparantly)
that the Laws of nature were dictated by God Himself.And that human laws must be made in accordance to th eLaws of nature and not violate the Divine LAws if they are to be valid.
When we rejected this fundamental principle of Law we ceased to be the nation Jefferson, and Madison, and Hamilton,and James Wilson ,and George Washington, and Ben
Franklin helped establish. And as God established the
Laws of nature--and as modern Science was distilled from
Christianity (or the Christian world view) Anything opposed to the Christian worldview must be counter to or invalid Science.
Regardless, the existence of God is not contingent on your approval. Since we know so little about this universe, and atheists refuse to "look out the window," the unbeliever cannot logically say there is no God. The only reasonable negative statement about the existence of God can be uttered by the agnostic in the first person: "I do not know if there is a God." And we cannot be certain that every agnostic is being honest in his agnosticism.
We all will die, which is one of the rare things with which we agree. We will all stand before God and give an account. He has already said that "not enough evidence" is not an excuse, something that Bertrand Russell has previously discovered. You will also stand before Him --no matter how hard you deny it.
Again, why would there be a god?
Because you know an infinite regression of causes is not only impossible, it is absurd. If there were an infinite regression, we would have never reached this point. There must be an Uncaused Cause. But even Flew figured this out.
I think it's interesting that science seems to now be leading more people to believe in God. The more we seem to learn about the universe, the more difficult it seems to become that it could have no Creator.
Pearcey analyzes "the crucial role played by the Darwinian view of origins" in the development of American legal philosophy. "Darwinism is not only a biological theory," she emphasizes; "it is also the basis for a comprehensive world view -- implying a new philosophy of mind, knowledge, morality, and law." Pearcey sees a direct connection between Darwinism and the postmodern view that "the only objective and absolute truth is that there are no objective and absolute truths." She argues that a "thorough-going critique" of judicial activism "must begin with Darwinism as a scientific theory." Pearcey advocates taking "the intellectual battle into science itself. The controversy over Darwin versus design is not a peripheral issue," she insists, "but lies at the heart of the cultural crisis of our day." Darwinian Roots of Judicial Activism
Perhaps the first individual successfully to champion this belief was Christopher Columbus Langdell (1826-1906), dean of the Harvard Law School. Langdell reasoned that since man evolved, then his laws must also evolve; and deciding that judges should guide the evolution of the Constitution, Langdell introduced the case law study method under which students would study the wording of judges decisions rather than the wording of the Constitution. Evolution and the Law:"A Death Struggle Between Two Civilizations" by David Barton
My greatest mistake as a pro-life person was in thinking Roe v. Wade arrived by itself. I didn't want to link abortion to other controversial subjects, which scared or confused me, detracting from the obvious atrocity of butchering a living, unborn child. Because of my narrow focus, I ignored the horrific world-view and the socio-political-financial machinery fueling abortion.Like many pro-life people, I felt that the origin of the species was a matter of God's choice of methods--but not a pro-life concern. Busy in local pro-life matters, I believed evolution was an "education dispute," a controversy I could, gratefully, sit out. I realized that evolution by natural selection has been the fundamental pro-life issue since Darwin himself. The Evolution of Genocide by Rebecca Messall
Scientists, it seems, should be the last people to need reminders about the importance of facts. A good scientist cannot have too many facts, because they are grist for the scientific mill as it grinds out explanations and theories about the world around us.Why, then, do so many scientists ignore certain facts of life as they line up to support abortion and to engage in destructive fetal and embryo research? Why do they obscure or deny the fact that human life begins at fertilization? Why are so many involved in population control? Why do some have a deep prejudice against people with disabilities and people of color? What's Wrong With the Science Establishment?
For three decades, Holmes brought his distinctively Darwinian bias to the Court. He spoke candidly: "I see no reason for attributing to man a significance different in kind from that which belongs to a baboon or a grain of sand."
Holmes and his contemporaries laid the foundation for legalized abortion, no-fault divorce, the legalization of homosexuality, and the rejection of the Framers' vision for Constitutional interpretation. Today, most courts have embraced an evolving standard for Constitutional interpretation, rejecting the notion that the Constitution must be interpreted in light of the meanings intended by the Framers. Laws and Standards - Do They Evolve?
Since the defeat of Nazism, evolutionists have been at pains to conceal the obvious connection between Darwin's theory of "survival of the fittest" and Hitler's ideology of a death-struggle between superior and inferior races. Their chief tactic: to claim that Hitler's "social Darwinism" was a perversion of "true" Darwinism. But in this stupendous work of intellectual history, Richard Weikart conclusively proves that Hitler's views were not only based firmly on core Darwinian principles, but widely echoed by leading Darwinist scientists, philosophers, and ethicists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries -- and that it was only after worldwide revulsion at the horrors of the Holocaust that such views disappeared from the Darwinist "mainstream."
With impeccable documentation, Weikart demonstrates that many leading Darwinian biologists and social thinkers of the pre-Hitler era believed -- and celebrated the fact -- that Darwinism overturned traditional Christian ethics, especially those pertaining to the sacredness of human life. In its place, they exalted evolutionary "fitness" (especially in terms of intelligence and health) as the highest arbiter of morality. Thus, whatever "improves" the race by favoring the strong and eliminating the weak is justified morally -- and this included not only euthanasia and abortion for certain groups, but even infanticide and genocide, all ultimately embraced by the Nazis. How Darwinism led to the Holocaust And how it is destroying respect for human life today -From Darwin to Hitler, Weikart, Richard
Personally, I believe his "change of mind" is coming because he is beginning to hear the strains of "Nearer My God to Thee".
It is impossible for the atheist to know there is no God, yet they cling stubbornly, and against all reason, to the belief. Yet they claim they are the rational ones; they are the intelligent ones. This is why I have respect for Flew who has admitted his error. I have even greater respect for guys like BibChr who not only found his way out of atheism, but continued till he discovered the identity of the One True God.
I'd like to see Ichneumon find his way out as well. He's not stupid but he is stubborn.
Flew, BibChr, C.S. Lewis discarded atheism.
BibChr, C.S. Lewis continued to Christian theism.
Flew & C.S. Lewis had continuous exposure to theists who were Christian and had the patience to tolerate their stubbornness.
Persistance seems to be the key.
This is part of the infinite goodness ofGod, that He should allow evil to exist, and out of it produce good.
Evil is a temporary state of affairs in the context of eternity.
Atheism, what is that? The belief that there is no God? If that was true then why is there something as compared to nothing?
You just have to lay your brain aside and accept macroevolution by FAITH.
You just need to come up with more faith than the Christian theists to become a 'believer' in MAC EVOLUTION.
Darwin has many disciples who will help you suspend critical thought and accept everything that came from nothing.
You just need a few exercises to warm up to the idea.
Just keep repeating this mantra, and it will slowly sink in.
You guys don`t understand me at all. You are thinking in terms of God as a seperate intelligent entity, a man in the sky as some religious thing. All I am saying is that this big ball of energy we call the universe is God. It is everything that exists, who cares if it came from nothing or always was, the fact is, it exists now and to me to be atheist is to deny that anything exists. I`m not speaking in terms of religion, all I`m saying is it makes no sense to not believe in existence when you yourself exist. You are seperating yourself when you are not seperate because you wouldn`t exist if you were. Every atom in your body, every last speck of energy within you is constantly interacting with the universe and has been for billions of years and a billion years from now every atom in your body can be billions of light years away from each other or be pure energy in a star, but there is always a relationship between everything that exists otherwise it all wouldn`t work, there would be nothing. When it doesn`t work anymore then I will believe in Atheism. Now let me take another tab of LSD, or LDS like Kirk would say.
Evo could be the God of everthing who exists in everything?
You would agree with POST #11
Holmes brought his distinctively Darwinian bias to the Court. He spoke candidly: "I see no reason for attributing to man a significance different in kind from that which belongs to a baboon or a grain of sand."
Man = baboon = grain of sand since all are a part of God the universe?
I'm wondering the same sort of thing, but in reverse. What is this, The 190th post about this Flew guy in the past week? Whose being obsessive?
You look at who switched in/switched out of religion (See The American Religious Survey p.25). Between 1991 and 2001 a net 5,504,413 people left religion.
How many post about any one of those 5,504,413 people do you see here? Yet one guy becomes sort of a thiest (he most certainly didn't become Christian) and this is supposed to be some earthshaking event how?
Who is being obsessive? The freedom from religion crowd is on the offensive. They have fragile egos and cannot abide disapproval of their beliefs or behavior.
You look at who switched in/switched out of religion (See The American Religious Survey p.25). Between 1991 and 2001 a net 5,504,413 people left religion.
Not only is CUNY not a credible source, but they list barely over a million Evangelicals in the US. Since Evangelicals were supposedly the ones that handed Bush the election, I think we can safely say that the survey has a serious problem or two.
Yet one guy becomes sort of a thiest (he most certainly didn't become Christian) and this is supposed to be some earthshaking event how?
I see you haven't heard of Flew before. He dedicated his life to the denial of God's existence. He's now admitted his error, a thing which rabid atheists rarely do. If an intellectual like Flew can admit his error after all these years, there's hope for the, shall we say, "less gifted?"
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text:
Tactical Shirt LS, 36 in. L, Black, 2XL
- Item # 41EJ06
- My Part #
- Mfr. Model # VTX8120BK
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Using 360° Viewing:
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- Item Tactical Shirt Long Sleeve
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- Material 65% Polyester, 35% Cotton
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- Sleeve Length 36"
- Neck Size 18" to 18-1/2"
- Closure Type Button
- Fabric Polyester/Cotton
- Pockets 7
- Binding 4-Hole Melamine Buttons
- Fabric Weight 5 oz.
- Features Vented Back Yoke on Outside with Mesh Facing Inside Keeps Wearers Cool, Dry and Comfortable, Faux Buttons on Pockets Maintain A Professional Look While Closures Allow for Easy Access, Convenient Vertical Map Pockets with Closure Provide Storage for Important Documents, 5 oz. Mini Ripstop 65% Polyester/ 35% Cotton Side Panels 92% Nylon/8% Lycra, (2) Small Pencil Pocket On Left Sleeve Keeps Writing Instruments Handy, Lycra Stretch Side Panel Leads Into Shoulder for Ultimate Mobility
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Just as an aside, ribs are especially rich in stem cells in the bone marrow.
From: firstname.lastname@example.com [mailto:email@example.com] On
Behalf Of Dehler, Bernie
Sent: Tuesday, March 03, 2009 11:46 AM
To: email@example.com
Subject: RE: [asa] The rib...
Phil said:
"But if taken literally as a mechanism of creation (apart from its symbolic
value), I can't see much logic in it for exactly this reason. Lots more
material would need to be added to whatever small quantity came out of Adam.
I see a difference with the rib and Jesus feeding thousands. In the case of
Jesus, it was duplication. In the rib, it was more of a 'seed.'
Maybe the idea of the rib, in making woman, is that they were thinking of
horticulture. They would know that with certain plants you can take a
cutting, which is a small part of a plant like the rib is a small part of
the body, and plant the cutting and it will grow into a new plant. Or they
could have been thinking of grafting- taking a little branch of one vine or
tree and grafting it into another. Maybe they thought God could do that
with the human body. It is almost feasible, except for the roadblock of the
XX and XY sex genes. If it wasn't for that, then one COULD build a body
from a body part- that's what cloning is. Maybe this is another case of ANE
ideas being out-of-step with modern science (it is impossible to build a
woman from man's DNA, just like it isn't true that the Earth was made before
the Sun).
Bill Powers later said:
"This view, I think, would miss much of the point. I am not prepared to
argue this cogently, but I suggest it has to do with the fact that God is in
a very important sense embodied, incarnated, enfleshed in the world. I
don't mean by this only Christ. I mean this is evident in every page of
Scripture, even in the Scripture itself. It is God's Immanence. He is
palpable, earthy, alive. If this can make sense to you, then the means is
not merely accidental. The means is exalted because it is God with us. He
is history, in flesh, sweat, and tears. His hot breath is upon us. He is
where we are."
I don't understand what you mean by God being enfleshed in the world, beyond
the incarnation of Christ. Jesus said God is Spirit. How is God "palpable,
earthy, alive" other than in Christ? If not referring to Jesus, how is
"God's breath upon us" literally (you seem to imply it is literally upon
George Murphy said:
"Creation is in fact for the sake of the Incarnation & that uniting of all
things with the incarnate Word."
This is off-topic, but if true, it means that God knew Adam would sin and
thus need a Savior in Christ from the beginning (since creation was for the
sake of Christ's incarnation). Adam never really had a chance- it was a
set-up from the get-go. Maybe that's not good or bad; just the way it is?
From: email@example.com [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com]
Sent: Monday, March 02, 2009 9:51 PM
To: email@example.com; Dehler, Bernie
Subject: Re: [asa] The rib...
I think it's a theologically motivated symbol and not literal. Adam was
taken out from the dirt because he is "united" with the earth in a special
way. Eve was taken out from Adam because she is united with Adam. It shows
connectedness. It makes sense within the schema of the story to indicate
that she was not separate and yet his equal in dignity and value. The text
even comments on this point (she is bone of my bone...). But as a mechanism
of creating Eve it makes little sense because what came from Adam's side
would be too small and God could just as well make her out of the abundant
We have an excellent example in the NT: Jesus multiplied the fish and bread
into a larger quantity of fish and bread. Kind of like taking a little part
of Adam's side and growing it into a woman, right? But again, this was done
for the symbolic value. Jesus didn't really need some bread or fish as his
starting point. Jesus was teaching that his disciples could feed the world
with the gospel, as few as they were and with the little as they had. The
connection to some pre-existing fish and bread was to show how a small thing
can grow into a large thing when we tr ust God. It was teaching via the
connectedness of what comes before to what comes after. For the same
reason, the Genesis story uses Adam to make Eve to teach their
But if taken literally as a mechanism of creation (apart from its symbolic
value), I can't see much logic in it for exactly this reason. Lots more
material would need to be added to whatever small quantity came out of Adam.
This material would need to be changed into proteins, DNA, RNA, cell
structures, tissues, etc., in more than 1 trillion cells. Or, this new
material would need to be made ex nihilo. So even if some DNA from Adam's
biological material were used in one or more of Eve's brand-new cells, there
would still be billions of times as many cells that God would need to make
in which the DNA were simply created de novo or ex nihilo apart from Adam's
DNA. (There is no process of chemistry or physics that would allow the
small quantity of Adam's DNA to replicate outside of a womb into a trillion
cells. Mimicking the gestation process but outside of a womb would require
the wholescale abandonment of physics and thus in the final analysis would
be no different than simple de novo creation of the "replicated" cells but
with the window-dressing of mimicking a biological process without the
physics that ordinarily drives biology.) So if his DNA wasn't needed in
making the majority of Eve's body, and she was actually made out of dirt or
other materials in the majority of her body, then it would appear that
making her "out of Adam's side" is nothing more than window dressing. (or
actually symbolism!)
For this reason, I think the symbolic value is what it's all about. It
could have been a literal event with symbolic value, or it could be a
non-literal story of the "myth" genre to teach theology via the symbolism.
Either way, it's all about the symbolism.
-----Original Message-----
From: Dick Fischer <firstname.lastname@example.com>
To: 'Dehler, Bernie' <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Cc: ASA <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Sent: Mon, 2 Mar 2009 4:35 pm
Subject: RE: [asa] The rib...
Ah, how did God make the axe head float? How did God resurrect Christ? How
did Christ feed the 5,000? Wait until he gets older.
One of the things I found of interest in ANE literature is that Eve means
"life" in Hebrew and she was taken from Adam's rib. The Sumerian word ti
means both "life" and "rib." A Sumerian pun on the words was: "The lady of
the rib is the lady of life." A curious coincidence or fraught with
Maybe, you should read John instead.
Dick Fischer, GPA president
Genesis Proclaimed Association
"Finding Harmony in Bible, Science and History"
<http://www.genesisproclaimed.org/> www.genesisproclaimed.org
-----Original Message-----
From: <mailto:email@example.com> firstname.lastname@example.com [
<mailto:email@example.com?> mailto:email@example.com] On
Behalf Of Dehler, Bernie
Sent: Monday, March 02, 2009 1:18 PM
To: <mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com> email@example.com
Subject: [asa] The rib...
I was telling my 7-year old kid the creation story, and he asked a question
I never thought of before. How did God create a woman from a rib? The rib
is not very big, and it doesn't look like a female.
God made man from dirt. That is easy to see- like building a snowman then
breathing life into it. But the rib...
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text:
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text: Welcome to Poetry Critical, an online poetry workshop. To post your own poetry you'll need to create a user id by typing a name and password in the box above and hitting 'New User'. If you just want to critique or jump into the discussion, however, you can go ahead and get started!


text:
I will give a list of three items that must be used on a card or layout. You are not limited to only the three items listed. You can use as many items on your layout or cards as you wish. But the minimum on it must be what is listed in the recipe.
This weeks Recipe came from Bethany, one of the Recipe Design Team Members.
Create a card or layout using the following items:
- pink
- a butterfly (or butterflies)
- glitter
As usual, if you would like to share your take on this challenge, link it up in the comment section. Your layout or card could be featured here on the Sketches! Blog for our Friday Inspiration next week.
Have a great day Everyone!


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Our 18ct Rose Gold Rose Gold Radiant Cut Engagement Rings collection ranges from classic styles to those created to turn heads. With customisation options on all rings, and 0% Finance on all Engagement Rings, we're sure you'll find the perfect Engagement Ring.
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While the eastern seaboard of the U.S. and Canada hunker down and wait for the fury of Frankenstorm to abate, you can rest assured that we've survived worse. In this footage of some of the most terrifying storms ever to hit New England, you can find out what it looks like when major American cities are slammed by hurricanes. Above you can see footage of the Great New England Hurricane of 1938, nicknamed the Long Island Express. It was a category 3 hurricane that flooded the Big Apple.
Here's an amazing movie made by the WPA, about the 1938 hurricane and its aftermath in New York City.
Plus, here are some great newsreels from 1938, 36, and 33, when hurricanes hit the Atlantic coast and submerged cities.
If you're wondering what's happening on the East Coast right now, you can consult the Google crisis map of New York City — or watch the drama unfolding through Instagram pictures or on webcams.


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text: On Mon, 8 Nov 2004, Timo Mechler wrote: > Hi all, > > I'm new to the field of parallel computing, so I would appreciate if some > of you veterans out there could lend me some assistance on this one. I > was given a Fortran vector program by a physics professor that models > interactions between atoms or something like it. Supposedly this program > is setup for vector computing. Would this be possible to run on an x86 > based Rocks cluster? If so, what tools do I need to compile it and run > it? Thanks in advance. > Dear Timo, This question is difficult to impossible to answer with any degree of certainty without a great deal of study. The most likely answer is "not without significantly modifying the code". Where "significantly" can mean anything from replacing core algorithms with parallel instead of vector versions to rewriting the entire application from scratch. The vector and parallel computing paradigms are not exactly congruent. In a vector model computations proceed efficiently by being pipelined and executed in parallel on a microscopic basis, and most commonly proceed by efficiently executing a simple, repetitive set of numerical operations on sequential areas of memory (a "vector"). Parallel programs more often proceed efficiently by blocking the problem out as coarsely as possible into "large" chunks of work that can be accomplished in parallel on different CPUs as independently as possible. The actual blocks of work can have almost any structure, as long as they can proceed independently for at least a certain amount of time, and the scaling properties of the parallel program depend heavily on just how long that time might be relative to the amount of e.g. communication that has to exist between processors. With that said, there may be some compiler/library combinations out there that can manage pragmas from old vector machines and do something that will give you a decent speedup in a parallel environment. Probably NOT the performance you would get on a rewrite, but maybe something you can use. Modern CPUs and compilers actually (often) support certain vectorizations on a per-cpu basis, as well. You can actually build a parallel supercomputer whose nodes are themselves vector processors, for example. Again, though, I'd guess that to take maximal advantage of a modern CPU architecture you'll have to work on a code rewrite, following a bit of effort learning parallel programming. You might look at e.g. Ian Foster's online book on parallel programming (or buy a paper copy). Hope this helps. rgb > Best Regards, > > -Timo Mechler > > > -- Robert G. Brown http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/ Duke University Dept. of Physics, Box 90305 Durham, N.C. 27708-0305 Phone: 1-919-660-2567 Fax: 919-660-2525 email:rgb at phy.duke.edu


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Delicious. Got it for $39 at Union Square Wines and loved it. Will definitely be picking up some more.
More posts
- An elegant, full bodied Foxen Pinot Noir - 2009. Smooth, good taste of fruit at first sip and a lingering finish
- George's at the cove 7/19/2013. Tracis birthday.
- Delicious Pinot! Especially for turning 30!
- Metal & fruit on the nose right out of the bottle. A lot of fruit, as a matter of fact. Very yummy.
- This one will be a winner.


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Infill Design Project Overview
The Infill Design Project's objective is to improve the design of multidwelling and rowhouse development in neighborhoods outside Portland's Central City. The project's primary focus is development in the low- and medium-density multidwelling zones (R1, R2, and R3), located primarily along transit corridors, and similar development in commercial zones.
Why this project?
In recent years, Portland has experienced a large amount of multidwelling and rowhouse development in neighborhoods throughout the city. This provides needed housing for the residents of our growing city. However, not all such development has contributed to meeting the community's design goals, such as those calling for development that respects desired neighborhood character and contributes to a pedestrian-oriented streetscape.
Our challenge
The project brings together a diversity of community stakeholders, including neighborhood residents, designers, developers and City agencies, to find solutions to a wide range of design-related issues. The range of priorities being considered includes those as diverse as:
- Accommodating greater density while respecting desired neighborhood character;
- Encouraging quality design while facilitating affordable housing;
- Providing for automobile parking while contributing to pedestrian-friendly street frontages;
- Meeting our density goals while providing usable open space;
- Minimizing impervious surfaces while ensuring durable vehicle areas; and
- Allowing the new while respecting the old.
An emphasis of the project is on finding ways of encouraging desirable development, rather than simply regulating against bad design. Potential products include a case studies document highlighting exemplary development and design strategies that can serve as models for future infill development. This document could highlight design strategies, such as ways of minimizing privacy impacts, that are difficult to achieve through regulations alone. Another potential product is a "plan book" of infill housing prototypes that meet regulatory requirements, are marketable, and meet community design goals.
For questions or comments related to the Infill Design project, please contact:
Bill Cunningham, Project Manager
Phone: 503-823-4203
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
website: www.courtyardhousing.org/
Winning Designs
01_Inner Portland Site Design Honor
Keith Rivera; Santa Barbara, California
02_Inner Portland Site Design Merit
Lucas Posada, Kai Yonezawa, Peter Keyes, Tyler Nishitani; Portland, Oregon
03_Inner Portland Site Design Citation
Steven Bull, Dan Rusler, James Steel; Seattle, Washington
04_Inner Portland Site Design Honorable Mention
Don Rattner; New York, New York
05_Eastern Portland Site Design Honor
Emory Baldwin, Shirley Tomita, Mausmi Saito, Lara Norwind, Joelyn Freilinger; Seattle, Washington
06_Eastern Portland Site Design Merit
Rhonda Goyke, Matthew Goyke, Steven Gangwes, Morris Onishi, Ethan Levine; Honolulu, Hawaii
07_Eastern Portland Site Design Citation
Steven Dangermond, Christopher Keane; Portland, Oregon
08_Eastern Portland Site Design Honorable Mention
Matthew Priest and Jerome Burgos; New York, New York


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Suburban delegation reacts to immigration reform proposal
Democratic U.S. Rep. Tammy Duckworth, of Hoffman Estates
"I applaud the bipartisan coalition in the Senate that has put forward a serious proposal on immigration reform. We need a pathway to citizenship for law-abiding immigrants who are willing take part in a rigorous citizenship process. It is also essential that as we begin to take on immigration reform that we improve the security on our borders and consider the impact that these reforms will have on small businesses. I look forward to reviewing the proposals and working with my colleagues to make sure that the final legislation strengthens our economy, makes Americans safer and helps millions achieve the American dream."
Democratic U.S. Rep. Bill Foster of Naperville
"Today's proposal is an important first step toward enacting desperately needed reforms to our broken immigration system. This issue has been pushed aside for too long ... Voters sent a clear message last November that it's time to end the partisan political posturing and start working across the aisle. I'm encouraged to see that a group of senators received that message and am hopeful that my colleagues in the House will follow suit.
Republican U.S. Rep. Randy Hultgren, of Winfield
"Although what was unveiled today is only a rough framework, I commend Senator Rubio and his colleagues for their efforts and I look forward to studying these and other proposals in the months ahead."
Democratic U.S. Rep. Mike Quigley, of Chicago
"We support comprehensive immigration reform. We'd like to see more details in the proposal but we are really excited that people are even this far along in the process and that there is a bipartisan approach so far. We're hopeful that this is a good first step toward really passing comprehensive immigration reform.
Republican U.S. Rep. Peter Roskam, of Wheaton
"We all know our immigration system has been broken for far too long, and that has hurt people trying to come to the United States for greater opportunity, and it's hurt our ability as a nation to innovate here at home and compete internationally. After all, we are a nation of immigrants, and we have a real opportunity to fix our broken system, ensure our borders are secure and finally break this logjam."
Democratic U.S. Rep. Brad Schneider, of Deerfield
"For too long politicians in Washington have played politics and failed to take action when it came to immigration reform, so it's encouraging to see both sides coming together and crafting a bipartisan framework that includes a path to citizenship for the 11 million people currently living in the shadows."
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- News
- Politics
- Cook County
- DuPage County
- Kane County
- Lake County
- McHenry County
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Strategically set in America's heartland, the Big 12 Conference isn't realigning its boundaries or expanding anytime soon. But how would BYU fit into that league featuring legacy programs Texas and Oklahoma if one day the college landscape went crazy again?
BYU football coach Bronco Mendenhall made it clear the Cougars would make a great Big 12 addition when on June 5 he told a reporter from the Austin American Statesman that BYU could bring a national brand and a worldwide following to the league.
The reporter, Brian Davis, working on a routine Longhorn opponent roundup, ended up making national headlines with Mendenhall's quotes, which were a bold inclusion sales pitch for BYU to the Big 12 by the coach of a team outside Power 5 blue bloods.
Later in June, during BYU's football media day, Mendenhall was unapologetic in pushing BYU's case. "I'd do it again," he said. Officially, BYU athletic director Tom Holmoe said the Cougars like the freedom of independence but they are in launch mode if a Power 5 conference like the Big 12 came calling.
This week, the Big 12 football media days kick off in Dallas, and expansion is not expected to be a hot topic. But what if it were?
BYU ranks No. 4 behind No. 1 Nebraska, Oklahoma and Ohio State in Division I-A wins (504 wins, .703) since 1974. During Mendenhall's tenure at BYU, Cougar wins rank No. 12 the past nine years behind No. 1 Boise State and just ahead of No. 13 West Virginia. But how does it sell?
As with a golf swing and late-night comedy, it's all about timing.
BYU may have run for 679 yards in last year's 40-21 win over No. 15 Texas; upset No. 2 Oklahoma in 2009 in Cowboy Stadium; beat Kansas State in the 1997 Cotton Bowl and handed Texas its worst loss in 47 years in a 47-6 Sean Covey/Ty Detmer-led win in Provo in 1988, but being competitive with the Big 12 for a third of a century doesn't matter in 2014.
Expansion would pinch the payout for 10 members of the Big 12 who cut larger checks per team than the 14-team SEC in 2013. But with college football's new four-team playoff set to kick off this season, the Big 12 might be at a disadvantage with the SEC, Big Ten, ACC and Pac-12 because it doesn't have a conference championship game. From a competitive standpoint, that could be held against the league when a committee picks the four teams for a playoff, and they could use a BYU.
"If it's a close decision between them and a conference champion from a conference with a championship game, I think the selection committee will give the edge to the non-Big 12 team," said former BYU offensive lineman and ESPN analyst Trevor Matich. "Ultimately, I think it's better for the Big 12 to expand and play that championship game in order to get into the top four."
Back in 2010 when the Big 12 invited TCU and West Virginia to join the league, the Big 12 and BYU were a hot topic. CBSsports.com college football analyst Dennis Dodd said BYU to the Big 12 never moved out of the discussion stage.
"I know there was no formal vote. There were concerns about proximity even before West Virginia was added," said Dodd. "The league had just lost Colorado, and BYU is a farther commute. BYU is kind of the same as Cincinnati and Connecticut and probably any other team you can name below the Mendoza Line. There is no school out there that brings the equity of the current Big 12 schools, and that is $20-$21 million per year. I'm told BYU can't bring that, no one can."
Dodd agrees that to get the Big 12 to expand again, it would take "external pressures" such as being left out of the playoffs several years in a row.
"Then the league may re-evaluate. Simple math tells you that one of the Power 5 is going to be left out of the playoff each year. The league believes it is stronger schedule-strength-wise with 10. It's motto this year, "one true champion."
BYU has the Big 12 payload if a launch code is needed. The Cougars sponsor more varsity sports than any Big 12 program with 21.
BYU's enrollment (34,123) would be third in the league in total enrollment behind Texas and Oklahoma State. BYU's average student GPA would be No. 1 in the league; its law school and business school are ranked second only to Texas. BYU's university endowment of $957 million would rank No. 5 in the Big 12. LaVell Edwards Stadium (63,725 capacity) would be the third-largest in the league behind Texas and Oklahoma.
Geography does work against BYU in Provo, but it is only 55 added flight minutes for Big 12 teams that had to fly into Denver when Colorado was a founding member in 1994. And charter flights land in Provo these days, eliminating the 45-minute bus ride from Salt Lake International Airport.
After two seasons in the Big 12, West Virginia is finding it burdensome for its teams to travel into Big 12 territory, according to many league observers. It would be a 30-hour drive from Morgantown to Provo.
Two veteran sportswriters in Oklahoma, one from Tulsa and the other in Oklahoma City, have heard all the expansion arguments and agree BYU's main hurdle is geography if the Big 12 expanded.
Jimmie Tramel has covered college sports for the Tulsa World for 25 years and wrote a book on Sooner legend Barry Switzer. Berry Tramel is a veteran columnist for The Oklahoman and a popular opinion provider on Big 12 issues.
Jimmie Tramel on geography: "Adding BYU would extend the Big 12's borders from West Virginia to Utah. That's a haul. Was geography one of the reasons the old 16-team WAC failed?
"I think it's interesting that people draw a distinction between east-west geography and north-south geography. Folks seem to complain when a conference stretches east and west, like the 16-team WAC experiment. But nobody ever viewed it as problematic that the old Big East stretched from the southern tip of Florida all the way north to Syracuse. Travel has been harder on West Virginia than other Big 12 schools because the Mountaineers are taking long flights for every road game. That's got to be grueling and it's a lot to ask of student-athletes. BYU, if asked to join, would need to decide if that's worth accepting the offer."
Berry Tramel also cites miles as a bigger challenge than any other BYU issue.
"In some ways, BYU fits in the Big 12. And in some ways not," he said.
"Competitively, BYU clearly would be fine. The Cougars would fit nicely with the Big 12's newfound parity in football — five schools have won the last five Big 12 titles — and BYU would be in the large bunch chasing Kansas in basketball.
"Financially, I think BYU would work. BYU probably is the only school outside the Power 5 conferences that would bring as much to the television pie as it would take. So that's a very important piece," said Berry.
"But geographically, BYU doesn't work as well as it would have in 2010. The addition of West Virginia stretches the Big 12 so far to the east, it's difficult to imagine the Big 12 stretching just as far to the west. From Oklahoma City, it's closer to Morgantown than it is to Provo.
"Culturally, I think BYU would be fine," Berry added. "The Sunday issue would have to be addressed, but if BYU worked in all the other areas, the no-play Sunday thing is no big deal. Nobody plays [college] football on Sundays. The Big 12 basketball tournament ends on Saturday now; the Big 12 women's tournament could easily be changed.
"Perhaps BYU's biggest detriment is the lack of a partner. The Big 12 doesn't want to go to 11 schools. So who's the 12th? The likely candidates are east. Which is more of a problem for BYU.
"So I'd say BYU should hold tight, keep its athletic program strong and see what develops. The landscape could, and probably will, change in the next few years. BYU is definitely on the radar."
Jimmie Tramel believes the Big 12 will only add other members if newcomers add value to the inventory for things like TV coverage.
"If you enlist a new member which does not bring added value, you're just splitting the same old pie among more mouths. And that's not going to go over well in the selfish money-trumps-everything world that college football has become.
"But there is no question in my mind that BYU is on the short list of schools (Louisville would be another) which would absolutely bring added value to the Big 12. BYU is a school with a national following, like Notre Dame, and name brand recognition. Why not BYU? This reminds me of when you hear about an attractive gal who spends weekends alone because boys are too intimidated to ask her out. A major conference needs to ask BYU to the prom."
From his perch in Tulsa, having covered BYU in Provo many times, Jimmie Tramel knows BYU is used to being the alpha dog of the WAC and MWC. Big 12 inclusion would take that away.
"The Big 12 already has an alpha dog in Texas (Big 12 defectors chose to go to other kennels) and another alpha dog in Oklahoma. Alpha dogs are used to getting their way. When push comes to shove, could BYU be comfortable or problematic in a role other than being the alpha dog of a conference? If BYU wielded the most clout in other neighborhoods, will the Cougars accept wielding lesser clout in a different neighborhood?"
A big part of BYU's venture into independence was added exposure and the freedom to use its TV rights to partner with ESPN for another four years.
BYU's ESPN partnership, which extends to 2018, has exclusive broadcast rights for games on ABC, ESPN, ESPN2 and ESPNU. In the past three seasons, BYU played 30 of its 39 football games and 34 men's basketball games on ABC/ESPN.
BYU ranks 15th with 24 games on the major national TV channels (ESPN, ESPN2, ABC, NBC, CBS, Fox) over the past three seasons. The 14 ahead of BYU in order are Notre Dame, LSU, Wisconsin, Ohio State, Alabama, Clemson, Florida State, South Carolina, Stanford, Michigan, Nebraska, Florida, Georgia and Texas.
In the Big 12, the Longhorn Network caused some issues with departing Missouri (SEC), Nebraska (Big Ten) and other members. But it is a Big 12 asset if not a gem for the Texas program that boasts the largest athletic budget in the NCAA.
But in BYUtv, with its different digital and Internet platforms and distribution on both major satellite companies and most cable outlets, BYU may have both a technological and numbers edge over Texas, and that could parlay into an attraction for the Big 12. An example is the WCC utilizing BYUtv to broadcast programming including postseason basketball tournament action.
BYUtv is available on Dish, DirecTV and more than 600 cable stations in North America. It currently reaches 56 million homes. It is also available in South America and other countries around the globe. BYUtv currently broadcasts approximately 90 live BYU athletic competitions each year (football, basketball, soccer, volleyball, baseball, softball and gymnastics).
BYU Radio reaches approximately 20 million subscribers on SiriusXM (24/7 Internet streaming) and broadcasts more than 100 live events each year (football, basketball, soccer, volleyball, baseball, softball).
If the Big 12 tapped into BYU's broadcasting abilities, within the umbrella of existing or renegotiated rights, it would definitely be an asset no other expansion candidate, including Louisville, UConn, Cincinnati or Central Florida, could bring to the party.
BYU's athletic programs have an average ranking of 28 in the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics' comprehensive account of athletic program success with 30 top finishes, 11 in 19 seasons.
ESPN's Brett McMurphy, who is an Oklahoma State graduate, brings things full circle with a reminder: no matter what BYU brings to the table, the Big 12 isn't hungry right now.
"I want to be clear that I've been told multiple times by multiple sources the Big 12 isn't interested in BYU or adding any other non-Power 5 schools for that matter," he said.
"Adding any non-Power 5 league school to the Big 12 would reduce the league's revenue per school. John Currie of Kansas State and Oliver Luck of West Virginia told me last month there has been 'zero conversation' about expansion."
Concluded the ESPN college football expert, "If the Big 12 was forced to add schools, BYU would be attractive because of the quality of the football program. BYU would be very competitive in the league. Unfortunately unless the Big Ten expands to 16 and subsequently forces the other Power 5 leagues to expand (SEC, ACC, Big 12, Pac-12), I don't believe BYU will get that opportunity."
In the meantime, BYU is acting like a Power 5 program. This week Arizona athletic director Greg Bryne said the Wildcats signed a three-game deal with BYU and considered it a contract with a Power 5 team. BYU's brand and tradition is Power 5, but it rolls without a Power 5 tribe. It is ready to meet any standard of NCAA autonomy that Power 5 conferences expect to vote on in August. It is also a free agent, unhindered by any huge monetary defection penalties imposed by a conference.
In other words, the school is an independent in launch mode and must be undefeated to get any sniff of a playoff berth or national title in football.
And that's how it's been in Provo forever.
Brandon Gurney contributed research to this analysis.
Dick Harmon, Deseret News sports columnist, can be found on Twitter as Harmonwrites and can be contacted at [email protected].


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Polson Area Transportation Plan
Transportation Plan Description
The Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes, Lake County, City of Polson, and the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) initiated a community-wide transportation planning process. This process will assist the planning partners, as well as the community at large, in guiding transportation infrastructure and implementation over the planning horizon (the year 2030).
Final Study Documents
Complete Document (5.8 mb)
Study by section
- Cover
- Acknowledgements
- Executive Summary
- Table of Contents
- Definitions
- Acronyms
- Chapter 1: Project Introduction and Coordination
- Chapter 2: Existing Transportation System
- Chapter 3: Travel Demand Forecasting
- Chapter 4: Identification of Concerns
- Chapter 5: Transportation System Recommendations
- Chapter 6: Financial Analysis
- Chapter 7: Miscellaneous Transportation System Considerations
- Chapter 8: Concept Plans to Existing US93
- Chapter 9: Financial Analysis
- Chapter 10: References
- Appendix A: Public Comment Matrix
Transportation is a major concern to area residents today. The planning partners expect concern to remain high as growth continues and the challenges of accommodating travel needs become more difficult. A comprehensive Transportation Plan will provide an opportunity for city, county, state, and tribal officials, staff and residents to work together to develop the innovative approaches necessary to plan and implement a transportation system that will serve the community's citizens well into the future.


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Bills offensive line coach Pat Morris is looking forward to working with new coach Doug Marrone.
DT Tony McDaniel was the Dolphins recipient of the Ed Block Courage Award.
Breaking down the work done by the Patriots defensive ends this year.
Jets coach Rex Ryan got some love from members of the Ravens defense on Monday.
Louisiana native Ed Reed will be playing host to his Ravens teammates this week.
Bengals DE Michael Johnson said he didn't put any extra pressure on himself because it was a contract year.
Fred Nance will now serve as a senior advisor and special counsel for the Browns.
Steelers DE Brett Keisel and his beard paid a visit to a children's hospital.
Jerome Solomon of the Houston Chronicle thinks its been a rough winter for Texans QB Matt Schaub.
A Florida man pleaded guilty to defrauding Colts linebacker Dwight Freeney.
A call for the Jaguars to look to the Super Bowl teams as they get to work building for next season.
The Titans can't rely on help from outside to solve all their problems.
There's no sign that the Broncos will be looking for more from their fullback next season.
Said Chiefs special teams coach Dave Toub of P Dustin Colquitt, "I like the punter. I like him a lot. I never really had a punter than bombed the ball like this. He's going to bomb the ball and give you good hang time and distance."
A fascinating profile of former Raiders DE Anthony Smith as he awaits trial for murder.
Chargers offensive coordinator Ken Whisenhunt breaks down the Super Bowl matchup.
Kevin Sherrington of the Dallas Morning News wants to see Cowboys owner Jerry Jones come down harder on players.
The Giants will promote Lunda Wells to their vacant assistant offensive line coach spot.
Eagles coach Chip Kelly owes 49ers QB Alex Smith some thanks for the rapid career rise he's experienced in the last few years.
What's the Redskins' biggest need this offseason?
The Bears signed S Cyhl Quarles to a future contract.
A vote for the Lions playing it safe in the upcoming draft.
The Packers expect S Sean Richardson back from neck surgery.
Mark Craig of the Minneapolis Star-Tribune sees similarities between the Vikings and the 49ers.
Did the Falcons get it right by choosing QB Matt Ryan over Joe Flacco?
Panthers offensive coordinator Mike Shula can appreciate the position the Harbaugh brothers find themselves in this week.
Super Bowl week brings back good memories for former Saints S Chris Reis.
Buccaneers coach Greg Schiano got a vote of approval from Ravens RB Ray Rice, who played for Schiano at Rutgers.
The Cardinals earned some thanks from LB Terrell Suggs for trading out of the draft spot where the Ravens wound up taking him.
Rams CB Cortland Finnegan breaks down his style of play.
Rookie RB LaMichael James has transitioned well to an offensive role with the 49ers.
Seahawks QB Russell Wilson wants to keep the Pro Bowl going so that he can win MVP.


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Get the best out of your Peugeot Boxer by adding a Roof Rack.
Roof Racks for Peugeot Partner Vehicles
Request a Peugeot Partner Roof Rack
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Model selection
Select a Model
Peugeot Boxer L1H1
Peugeot Boxer L2H2
Peugeot Boxer L3H2
Peugeot Boxer L4H2
If you would like us to call you with assistance
We have the Roof Rack EXTRA's You need.
Rack Features
Side rails
Double roller
Ladder Features
Fixed ladder's
Detachable ladder's
Ladder Clamps & locks
Walkway Features
Central Walkway
Full width Mesh
Tube Carriers
Fast Installation's
The avarage installation only takes 15 min's, for stock items.
Card Payments
To make it even easier we accept Card Payments.
Price Guarantee
We won't be beaten on
. Find the same quality product, with the same specifications and features, and we will happily match any genuine like-for-like quote.
Call Us Now! on
01204 577 651
Get the latest Price and availiblity on Stock
Links to other Roof Racks for Peugeot Model's
Peugeot Bipper
Peugeot Bipper Roof Racks
Peugeot Expert
Peugeot Expert L1H1 Roof Racks
Peugeot Expert L2H1 Roof Racks
Peugeot Partner
Peugeot Partner L1 Roof Racks
Peugeot Partner L2 Roof Racks