text:
(red: Answer:) The "Holocaust" refers to the period from January 30, 1933, when Hitler became Chancellor of Germany, to May 8, 1945 (V-E Day), the end of the war in Europe.
(red: Answer:) While it is impossible to ascertain the exact number of Jewish victims, statistics indicate that the total was in excess of 5.5 million and 6 million is the round figure accepted by most authorities.
(red: Answer:) It is impossible to ascertain the exact number of victims as the Germans and their collaborators in many countries killed political prisoners, Russian POWs, Gypsies, Serbs, Polish intelligentsia, resistance fighters from all the nations, the handicapped, German opponents of Nazism, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, and even habitual criminals as well as what the Nazis called the "anti-social:" eg. beggars, vagrants, and prostitutes. Approximately 35 million civilians died if we are to include those killed in by deprivation, disease, indiscriminate bombing and collateral damage, while the death toll of troops in uniform was some 20 million.
(red: Answer:) Every Jewish community in occupied Europe suffered losses during the Holocaust. The Jewish communities in North Africa were also persecuted, but few Jews were deported from these countries to the death camps. Allied victories in November 1942 prevented the implementation of plans for systematic murder in those countries.
(red: Answer:)
Austria 50,000—27.0% (many fled before 1939)
Italy 7,680—17.3%
Belgium 28,900—44.0%
Latvia 71,500—78.1%
Bohemia/Moravia 78,150—66.1%
Lithuania 143,000—85.1%
Bulgaria 0—0.0%
Luxembourg 1,950—55.7%
Denmark 60—0.7%
Netherlands 100,000—71.4%
Estonia 2,000—44.4%
Norway 762—44.8%
Finland 7—0.3%
Poland 3,000,000—90.9%
France 77,320—22.1%
Romania 287,000—47.1%
Germany 141,500—25.0% (many fled before 1939)
Slovakia 71,000—79.8%
Greece 67,000—86.6%
Soviet Union 1,100,000—36.4%
Hungary 569,000—69.0%
Yugoslavia 63,300—81.2%
(Source: Encyclopedia of the Holocaust)
(red: Answer:) A death (or extermination) camp is a concentration camp with special apparatus specifically designed for systematic murder. Six such camps existed: Auschwitz-Birkenau (the largest), Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka. All were located in Poland.
(red: Answer:) The term "Final Solution" (Endlösung in German) refers to the Nazi plan to murder all the Jews of Europe. The term was first used in documents in the summer of 1941 and later at the Wannsee Conference in Berlin on January 20,1942, where top German officials met over lunch to discuss killing millions of innocent men, women and children.
(red: Answer:) While thousands of Jews were murdered or died as a direct result of discriminatory measures instituted against Jews during the initial years of the Third Reich, the systematic murder of Jews did not begin until the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941.
(red: Answer:) The "Nuremberg Laws" (so-called because they were promulgated in that city) were declared in a series of laws drafted between September and November 1935. The Nazis defined a Jew as: Anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who belonged to the Jewish community when these laws were passed on September 15, 1935, or joined thereafter; or married a Jew after September 15, 1935, or married another person with two Jewish grandparents, or was the offspring of a marriage or extramarital liaison with a Jew on or after September 15, 1935.
(red: Answer:) Those who were not classified as Jews but who had "some Jewish blood" (an absurd fiction) were categorized as Mischlinge (hybrids) and were divided into two groups: Mischlinge of the first degree—those with two Jewish grandparents; and Mischlinge of the second degree—those with one Jewish grandparent.
The Mischlinge were officially excluded from membership in the Nazi Party and all Party organizations (e.g. SA, SS, etc.). Although they were drafted into the Germany Army, they could not attain the rank of officers. They were also barred from the civil service and from certain professions. (Individual Mischlinge were, however, granted exemptions under certain circumstances.) Nazi officials considered plans to sterilize Mischlinge, but this was never done. During World War II, many first-degree Mischlinge, were incarcerated in concentration camps and some were deported to death camps.
(red: Answer:) The first measures against the Jews included: a boycott of Jewish shops and businesses (April 1, 1933) and the law for the Re-establishment of the Civil Service (April 7, 1933) which effectively expelled all non-Aryans (defined on April 11, 1933 as anyone with a Jewish parent or grandparent) from the civil service. Initially, exceptions were made for those who had held their jobs from the start of the First World War on August 1, 1914 as well as German veterans of World War I and, those who had lost a father or son fighting for Germany or her allies in World War I.
A law was passed barring Jews and non-Aryans from admission to the legal profession and from the right to represent Aryan clients. (Exceptions were made in the cases noted above in the law regarding the civil service.) Similar laws were passed regarding Jewish law assessors, jurors, and commercial judges.
April 22, 1933: The decree regarding physicians' services with the national health plan denied reimbursement of expenses to those patients who consulted non-Aryan doctors. Jewish doctors who were war veterans or had suffered from the war were excluded.
April 25, 1933: The law against the overcrowding of German schools restricted Jewish enrollment in German high schools to 1.5% of the student body. In communities where they constituted more than 5% of the population, Jews were allowed to constitute up to 5% of the student body. Initially, exceptions were made in the case of children of Jewish war veterans, who were not considered part of the quota. In the framework of this law, a Jewish student was a child with two non-Aryan parents.
(red: Answer:) This question is one of the most difficult to answer since Hitler's style was to express his desires verbally; his signature on written orders appears rarely. While Hitler made several references to killing Jews, both in his early writings (Mein Kampf, 1925) and in various speeches during the 1930s, there is no evidence that the Nazis had an operative plan for the complete annihilation of the Jews before 1941. The concrete decision on the systematic murder of the Jews was apparently made sometime in early 1941 and in conjunction with the decision to invade the Soviet Union.
(red: Answer:) The first concentration camp, Dachau, opened on March 22, 1933. The camp's first inmates were primarily political prisoners (e.g. Communists or Social Democrats); habitual criminals; homosexuals; Jehovah's Witnesses; and "anti-socials" (beggars, vagrants, prostitutes). Others considered problematic by the Nazis (e.g. Jewish writers and journalists, lawyers, unpopular industrialists, and political officials) were added later. Significant numbers of Jewish prisoners are sent to concentration camps only after the Kristall Night pogrom in November 1938.
(red: Answer:) The following groups of individuals were considered enemies of the Third Reich and were, therefore, persecuted by the Nazi authorities: Jews, Gypsies, Social Democrats, Communists, other opposing politicians, opponents of Nazism, Jehovah's Witnesses, homosexuals, habitual criminals, and "anti-socials" and the mentally ill. Anyone who was considered a threat to the Nazis was in danger of being persecuted, as were individuals against whom a Nazi official had a personal grievance or antipathy.
(red: Answer:) The Jews were the only group singled out for total systematic annihilation by the Nazis. The only way for Jews to escape the death sentence imposed by the Nazis was to leave Nazi-controlled Europe. Every single Jew was to be killed according to the Nazis' plan. If criminals or other enemies of the Third Reich were executed or sent to a concentration camp, it did not mean that each member of their family would meet the same fate. Moreover, in most situations the Nazis' enemies were classified as such because of their actions or political affiliation (actions and/or opinions which could be revised, i.e. rehabilitated). In the case of the Jews, it was because of their racial origin, which, according to Nazi ideology, was immutable and could never be changed.
(red: Answer:) The explanation for the Nazis' implacable hatred of the Jew rests on their distorted world view which saw history as a racial struggle. They considered the Jews a race whose goal was world domination and who, therefore, were an obstruction and threat to Aryan dominance. They believed that all of history was a struggle between races, which should culminate in the triumph of the superior Aryan race. Therefore, they considered it their duty to eliminate the Jewish threat. Moreover, in their eyes, the Jews' racial origin made them habitual criminals who could never be rehabilitated and were, therefore, hopelessly corrupt and inferior.
There is no doubt that other factors contributed toward Nazi hatred of the Jews and their distorted image of the Jewish people. These included the centuries-old tradition of Christian antisemitism which propagated a negative stereotype of the Jew as a Christ-killer, agent of the devil, and practitioner of witchcraft. Also significant was the political antisemitism of the latter half of the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries, which singled out the Jew as a threat to the established order of society. These combined to point to the Jew as a target for persecution and ultimate destruction by the Nazis.
(red: Answer:) Many aspects of the Nazi persecution of Jews and other opponents were common knowledge in Germany. The Boycott of April 1, 1933 and the hundreds of subsequent laws including the 1935 Nuremberg Laws were fully publicized. Moreover, offenders were often publicly punished and shamed. The same holds true for subsequent anti-Jewish measures such as Kristallnacht (The Night of the Broken Glass), which was a public pogrom that was carried out in November 1938 in full view of the entire population and of the whole world. Even some information on the concentration camps was publicized, so a great deal of information was available to the German public that suggested that Jews and other prisoners were being treated harshly, even if the exact details were harder to obtain.
As for the implementation of the "Final Solution" and the murder of other undesirable elements, the situation was different. The Nazis attempted to keep these murders a secret and, therefore, took precautionary measures to ensure that they would not be publicized. Their efforts, however, were only partially successful. Thus, for example, public protests by various clergymen in August of 1941 led to the limitation and enhanced camouflage of their killing program to murder handicapped Aryans. These protests were obviously the result of the widespread dissemination of the knowledge the murders in special institutions in Germany and Austria.
As far as the Jews were concerned, it was common knowledge in Germany that they had disappeared after having been sent to the East, and were highly unlikely to ever return. While the details of what had happened to them may not exactly have been clear to large segments of the German population, there were thousands upon thousands of Germans who participated in and/or witnessed the implementation of the "Final Solution" either as members of the SS, the Einsatzgruppen, death camp or concentration camp guards, police in occupied Europe, the Wehrmacht, or in civilian capacities.
(red: Answer:) Although the entire German population may not have been in full agreement with Hitler's persecution of the Jews, there is no evidence of any large scale protest regarding their treatment. There were Germans who defied the April 1, 1933 boycott and purposely bought in Jewish stores, and there were those who aided Jews to escape and to hide, but their number was very small. Even some of those who opposed Hitler were in agreement with his anti-Jewish policies. Among the clergy, Dompropst Bernhard Lichtenberg of Berlin publicly prayed for the Jews daily and was, therefore, sent to a concentration camp by the Nazis and other priests were deported for their failure to cooperate with Nazi antisemitic policies, but the majority of the clergy complied with the directives against German Jewry and did not openly protest.
(red: Answer:) The attitude of the local population vis-a-vis the persecution and destruction of the Jews varied from zealous collaboration with the Nazis to active assistance to Jews. Thus, it is difficult to make generalizations. The situation also varied from country to country. In Eastern Europe and especially in Poland, Russia, Belarus, the Ukraine and the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), there was much more knowledge of the "Final Solution" because it was implemented in those areas. Elsewhere, the local population had less information on the details of the "Final Solution."
In every country they occupied (Denmark and Bulgaria being glaring exceptions), the Nazis had little difficulty in finding locals who cooperated willingly and fully in the murder of the Jews. This was particularly true in Eastern Europe, where there was a long-standing tradition of virulent antisemitism, and where various national groups, which had been under Soviet domination (Latvians, Lithuanians, and Ukrainians), fostered hopes that the Germans would restore their independence. In nearly all countries in Europe, there were local fascist movements which allied themselves with the Nazis and participated in anti-Jewish actions; for example, the Iron Guard in Romania and the Arrow Guard in Hungary and Slovakia. On the other hand, in every country in Europe, there were courageous individuals who risked their lives to save Jews. In several countries, there were groups which aided Jews, e.g. Joop Westerweel's group in the Netherlands, Zegota in Poland, and the Assisi underground in Italy.
(red: Answer:) The various steps taken by the Nazis prior to the "Final Solution" (1941) were all taken publicly and were, therefore, reported in the press. Foreign correspondents commented on all the major anti-Jewish actions taken by the Nazis in Germany, Austria, and Czechoslovakia prior to 1939. Once the war began, obtaining information became more difficult, but reports, nonetheless, were published regarding the fate of the Jews. Thus, although the Nazis did not publicize the "Final Solution," less than one year after the systematic murder of the Jews was initiated, details began to filter out to the West. The first report which spoke of a plan for the mass murder of Jews was smuggled out of Poland by the Bund (a Jewish socialist political organization) and reached England in the spring of 1942. The details of this report reached the Allies from Vatican sources as well as from informants in Switzerland and the Polish underground. (Jan Karski, an emissary of the Polish underground, personally met with Franklin Roosevelt and British Foreign Minister Anthony Eden). Eventually, in late November 1942, the American Government and the Allies officially confirmed the reports of mass murder to Jewish leaders. They were publicized immediately thereafter. While the details were neither complete nor wholly accurate, the Allies became aware of most of what the Germans were doing to the Jews and other victims.
(red: Answer:) The response of the Allies to the persecution and destruction of European Jewry was inadequate. Only in January 1944 was an agency, the War Refugee Board, established for the express purpose of saving the victims of Nazi persecution. Prior to that date, little action was taken. On December 17, 1942, the Allies issued a condemnation of Nazi atrocities against the Jews, but this was the only such declaration made prior to 1944.
Moreover, no attempt was made to call upon the local population in Europe to refrain from assisting the Nazis in their systematic murder of the Jews. Even following the establishment of the War Refugee Board and the initiation of various rescue efforts, the Allies refused to bomb the death camp of Auschwitz and/or the railway lines leading to that camp, despite the fact that Allied bombers were at that time engaged in bombing factories very close to the camp and were well aware of its existence and function.
Other practical measures, which were not taken, concerned the refugee problem. Tens of thousands of Jews sought to enter the United States, but they were barred from doing so by the stringent American immigration policy. Even the relatively small quotas of visas which existed were often not filled, although the number of applicants was usually many times the number of available places. Conferences held in Evian, France (1938) and Bermuda (1943) to solve the refugee problem did not contribute to a solution. At the former, the countries invited by the United States and Great Britain were told that no country would be asked to change its immigration laws. Moreover, the British agreed to participate only if Palestine were not considered. At Bermuda, the delegates did not deal with the fate of those still in Nazi hands, but rather with the relatively fortunate few who had already escaped to neutral lands. Practical measures which could have aided in the rescue of Jews included the following: permission for temporary admission of refugees, relaxation of stringent entry requirements, frequent and unequivocal warnings to Germany and local populations all over Europe that those participating in the annihilation of Jews would be held strictly accountable, and the bombing of the death camp at Auschwitz.
(red: Answer:) "Righteous Among the Nations" refers to those non-Jews who, at risk to their lives, aided Jews during the Holocaust. There were "Righteous Among the Nations" in every country overrun or allied with the Nazis, and their deeds often led to the rescue of Jewish lives. Yad Vashem, the Israeli national remembrance authority for the Holocaust, bestows special honors upon these individuals. To date, after carefully evaluating each case, Yad Vashem has recognized more than 22,000 "Righteous." The country with the most "Righteous" is Poland. The country with the highest proportion (per capita) is the Netherlands. The figure of over 22,000 is far from complete, as many cases were never reported, frequently because those who were helped have died. Moreover, this figure only includes those who actually risked their lives to save Jews, and not those who extended aid without being under the threat of losing their lives.
(red: Answer:) The news of the persecution and destruction of European Jewry must be divided into two periods. The measures taken by the Nazis prior to the "Final Solution" were all taken publicly and were, therefore, in all the newspapers. Foreign correspondents reported on all major anti-Jewish actions taken by the Nazis in Germany, Austria, and Czechoslovakia prior to World War II. Once the war began, obtaining information became more difficult, but, nonetheless, reports were published regarding the fate of the Jews.
The "Final Solution" was not openly publicized by the Nazis, and thus it took longer for information to reach the "Free World." Nevertheless, by December 1942, news of the mass murders and the plan to annihilate European Jewry was publicized in the Jewish press.
The response of the Jews in the "Free World" must also be divided into two periods, before and after the publication of information on the "Final Solution." Efforts during the early years of the Nazi regime concentrated on facilitating emigration from Germany (although there were those who initially opposed emigration as a solution) and combating German antisemitism. Unfortunately, the views on how to best achieve these goals differed and effective action was often hampered by the lack of internal unity. Moreover, very few Jewish leaders actually realized the scope of the danger. Following the publication of the news of the "Final Solution," attempts were made to launch rescue attempts via neutral states and to send aid to Jews under Nazi rule. These attempts, which were far from adequate, were further hampered by the lack of assistance and obstruction from government channels. Additional attempts to achieve internal unity during this period failed.
(red: Answer:) Regarding the knowledge of the "Final Solution" by its potential victims, several key points must be kept in mind. First of all, the Nazis did not publicize the "Final Solution," nor did they ever openly speak about it. Every attempt was made to fool the victims and, thereby, prevent or minimize resistance. Thus, deportees were always told that they were going to be "resettled." They were led to believe that conditions "in the East" (where they were being sent) would be better than those in ghettos. Following arrival in certain concentration camps, the inmates were forced to write home about the good conditions in their new place of residence. The Germans made every effort to ensure secrecy. In addition, the notion that human beings—let alone the civilized Germans—could build camps with special apparatus for mass murder seemed unbelievable in those days. Since German troops liberated the Jews from the Czar in World War I, Germans were regarded by many Jews as a liberal, civilized people. Escapees who did return to the ghetto frequently encountered disbelief when they related their experiences. Even Jews who had heard of the camps had difficulty believing reports of what the Germans were doing there. Inasmuch as each of the Jewish communities in Europe was almost completely isolated, there was a limited number of places with available information. Thus, there is no doubt that many European Jews were not aware of the "Final Solution," a fact that has been corroborated by German documents and the testimonies of survivors.
(red: Answer:) It is difficult to arrive at an exact figure for the number of Jews who were able to escape from Europe prior to World War II, since the available statistics are incomplete. From 1933-1939, 355,278 German and Austrian Jews left their homes. (Some immigrated to countries later overrun by the Nazis.) In the same period, 80,860 Polish Jews immigrated to Palestine and 51,747 European Jews arrived in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. During the years 1938-1939, approximately 35,000 emigrated from Bohemia and Moravia (Czechoslovakia). Shanghai, the only place in the world for which one did not need an entry visa, received approximately 20,000 European Jews (mostly of German origin) who fled their homelands. Immigration figures for countries of refuge during this period are not available. In addition, many countries did not provide a breakdown of immigration statistics according to ethnic groups. It is impossible, therefore, to ascertain.
(red: Answer:) Various organizations attempted to facilitate the emigration of the Jews (and non-Jews persecuted as Jews) from Germany. Among the most active were the Jewish Agency for Palestine, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, HICEM, the Central British Fund for German Jewry, the Reichsvertretung der Deutschen Juden (Reich Representation of German Jews), which represented German Jewry, and other non-Jewish groups such as the League of Nations High Commission for Refugees (Jewish and other) coming from Germany, and the American Friends Service Committee. Among the programs launched were the "Transfer Agreement" between the Jewish Agency and the German government whereby immigrants to Palestine were allowed to transfer their funds to that country in conjunction with the import of German goods to Palestine. Other efforts focused on retraining prospective emigrants in order to increase the number of those eligible for visas, since some countries barred the entry of members of certain professions. Other groups attempted to help in various phases of refugee work: selection of candidates for emigration, transportation of refugees, aid in immigrant absorption, etc. Some groups attempted to facilitate increased emigration by enlisting the aid of governments and international organizations in seeking refugee havens. The League of Nations established an agency to aid refugees but its success was extremely limited due to a lack of political power and adequate funding.
The United States and Great Britain convened a conference in July 1938 at Evian, France, seeking a solution to the refugee problem but the nations assembled refused to change their stringent immigration regulations, which were instrumental in preventing large-scale immigration.
In 1939, the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees, which had been established at the Evian Conference, initiated negotiations with leading German officials in an attempt to arrange for the relocation of a significant portion of German Jewry. However, these talks failed. Efforts were made for the illegal entry of Jewish immigrants to Palestine as early as July 1934, but were later halted until July 1938. Large-scale efforts were resumed under the Mosad le-Aliya Bet, Revisionist Zionists, and private parties. Attempts were also made, with some success, to facilitate the illegal entry of refugees to various countries in Latin America.
(red: Answer:) The key reason for the relatively low number of refugees leaving Europe prior to World War II was the stringent immigration policies adopted by the prospective host countries. In the United States, for example, the number of immigrants was limited to 153,744 per year, divided by country of origin. Moreover, the entry requirements were so stringent that available quotas were often not filled. Schemes to facilitate immigration outside the quotas never materialized as the majority of the American public consistently opposed the entry of additional refugees. Other countries, particularly those in Latin America, adopted immigration policies that were similar or even more restrictive, thus closing the doors to prospective immigrants from the Third Reich.
Great Britain, while somewhat more liberal than the United States on the entry of immigrants, took measures to severely limit Jewish immigration to Palestine. In May 1939, the British issued a "White Paper" stipulating that only 75,000 Jewish immigrants would be allowed to enter Palestine over the course of the next five years (10,000 a year, plus an additional 25,000). This decision prevented hundreds of thousands of Jews from escaping Europe.
The countries most able to accept large numbers of refugees consistently refused to open their gates. Although a solution to the refugee problem was the agenda of the Evian Conference, only the Dominican Republic was willing to consider large-scale immigration, but their ideas were unworkable. The United States and Great Britain proposed resettlement havens in distant, under-developed areas (e.g. Guyana, formerly British Guiana, and the Philippines), but these were not suitable alternatives either.
Two important factors should be noted. During the period prior to the outbreak of World War II, when the Germans were in favor of Jewish emigration, there were no operative plans to kill the Jews. The goal was to induce them to leave, if necessary, by the use of force. It is also important to recognize the attitude of German Jewry. While many were initially reluctant to emigrate, the majority sought to do so following Kristallnacht (The Night of Broken Glass), November 9-10, 1938. Had havens been available to them, more people would certainly have emigrated and been saved.
(red: Answer:) Hitler's ultimate goal in launching World War II was the establishment of an Aryan empire from Germany to the Urals. He considered Lebensraum (living space) in this area to be the natural territory of the German people and an area to which they were entitled by right. Hitler maintained that these areas were needed for and by the Aryan race to preserve itself and assure its dominance.
There is no question that Hitler knew that, by launching the war in the East, the Nazis would be forced to deal with serious racial problems in view of the composition of the population in the Eastern areas. Thus, the Nazis had detailed plans for the subjugation of the Slavs, who would be reduced to serfdom status and whose primary function would be to serve as a source of cheap labor for the Reich. Those elements of the local population, who were of higher racial stock, would be taken to Germany where they would be raised as Aryans.
In Hitler's mind, the solution of the Jewish problem was also linked to the conquest of the eastern territories. These areas had large Jewish populations and they would have to be dealt with accordingly. Prior to 1941, there was still no operative plan for mass annihilation, but it was clear to Hitler that some sort of comprehensive solution would have to be found. There was talk of establishing a Jewish reservation either in Madagascar or near Lublin, Poland. When he made the decisive decision to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler also gave instructions to embark upon the "Final Solution," the systematic murder of European Jewry.
(red: Answer:) Throughout the course of the Third Reich, there were different groups who opposed the Nazi regime and certain Nazi policies. They engaged in resistance at different times and with various methods, aims, and scope.
From the beginning, leftist political groups and a number of disappointed conservatives were in opposition; at a later date, church groups, government officials, students and businessmen also joined. After the tide of the war was reversed, elements within the military played an active role in opposing Hitler. At no point, however, was there a unified, effective resistance movement within Germany.
(red: Answer:) Despite the difficult conditions to which Jews were subjected in Nazi-occupied Europe, many engaged in unarmed and armed resistance against the Nazis. The unarmed resistance (smuggling food, organizing welfare, underground schools, secret prayer groups, etc., was focused on helping Jews live when the victims still had hope that that was possible. Armed resistance was a reaction to the realization that all was lost and the Jews were doomed to be killed. Armed activities took place in ghetto revolts, resistance in concentration and death camps, and partisan warfare in the forests.
The Warsaw Ghetto revolt, which lasted for about five weeks beginning on April 19, 1943, is probably the best-known example of armed Jewish resistance, but there were many ghetto revolts in which Jews fought against the Nazis.
Despite the terrible conditions in the death, concentration, and labor camps, Jewish inmates fought against the Nazis at various sites, including Treblinka (August 2, 1943); Babi Yar (September 29, 1943); Sobibor (October 14, 1943); Janowska (November 19, 1943); and Auschwitz (October 7, 1944).
Jewish partisan units were active in many areas, such as Baranovichi, Minsk, Naliboki forest, and Vilna. While the sum total of armed resistance efforts by Jews was not militarily overwhelming and did not play a significant role in the defeat of Nazi Germany, these acts of resistance did lead to the rescue of an undetermined number of Jews, Nazi casualties, and untold damage to German property and self-esteem. They also served to inspire and uplift the hearts of many Jews at the time, and future generations to come.
(red: Answer:) The Judenrat was the council of Jews, appointed by the Nazis in each Jewish community or ghetto. According to the directive from Reinhard Heydrich of the SS on September 21, 1939, a Judenrat was to be established in every concentration of Jews in the occupied areas of Poland. They were led by noted community leaders. Enforcement of Nazi decrees affecting Jews and administration of the affairs of the Jewish community were the responsibilities of the Judenrat. These functions placed the Judenrat in a highly responsible, but controversial position, and many of their actions continue to be the subject of debate among historians. While the intentions of the heads of councils were rarely challenged, their tactics and methods have been questioned. Among the most controversial were Mordechai Rumkowski in Lodz and Jacob Gens in Vilna, both of whom justified the sacrifice of some Jews in order to save others. Leaders and members of the Judenrat were guided, for the most part, by a sense of communal responsibility, but lacked the power and the means to successfully thwart Nazi plans for annihilation of all Jews.
(red: Answer:) During the course of World War II, the International Red Cross (IRC) did very little to aid the Jewish victims of Nazi persecution. Its activities can basically be divided into three periods:
September, 1939 - June 22, 1941: The IRC confined its activities to sending food packages to those in distress in Nazi-occupied Europe. Packages were distributed in accordance with the directives of the German Red Cross. Throughout this time, the IRC complied with the German contention that those in ghettos and camps constituted a threat to the security of the Reich and, therefore, were not allowed to receive aid from the IRC.
June 22, 1941 - Summer 1944: Despite numerous requests by Jewish organizations, the IRC refused to publicly protest the mass annihilation of Jews and non-Jews in the camps, or to intervene on their behalf. It maintained that any public action on behalf of those under Nazi rule would ultimately prove detrimental to their welfare. At the same time, the IRC attempted to send food parcels to those individuals whose addresses it possessed.
The IRC did insist that it be allowed to visit concentration camps, and a delegation did visit the "model ghetto" of Terezin (Theresienstadt). The IRC request came following the receipt of information about the harsh living conditions in the camp. The IRC requested permission to investigate the situation, but the Germans only agreed to allow the visit nine months after submission of the request. This delay provided time for the Nazis to complete a "beautification" program, designed to fool the delegation into thinking that conditions at Terezin were quite good and that inmates were allowed to live out their lives in relative tranquility. The visit, which took place on July 23, 1944, was followed by a favorable report on Terezin to the members of the IRC which Jewish organizations protested vigorously, demanding that another delegation visit the camp. Such a visit was not permitted until shortly before the end of the war. By then, the majority of prisoners who had been forced by the Nazis to act to fool the IRC had been deported to Auschwitz where they were murdered.
(red: Answer:) Neither the Italians nor the Japanese, both of whom were Germany's allies during World War II, cooperated regarding the "Final Solution." Although the Italians did, upon German urging, institute discriminatory legislation against Italian Jews, Mussolini's government refused to participate in the "Final Solution" and consistently refused to deport its Jewish residents. Moreover, in their occupied areas of France, Greece, and Yugoslavia, the Italians protected the Jews and did not allow them to be deported. However, when the Germans overthrew the Badoglio government in 1943, the Jews of Italy, as well as those under Italian protection in occupied areas, were subject to the "Final Solution."
The Japanese were also relatively tolerant toward the Jews in their country as well as in the areas which they occupied. Despite pressure by their German allies urging them to take stringent measures against Jews, the Japanese refused to do so. Refugees were allowed to enter Japan until the spring of 1941, and Jews in Japanese-occupied China suffered but their treatment was very different than what was experienced in the ghettos under German control. In the summer and fall of 1941, refugees in Japan were transferred to Shanghai but no harsh measures were taken against them until early 1943, when they were forced to move into squalid and overcrowded conditions in the Hongkew Ghetto.
(red: Answer:) The head of the Catholic Church at the time of the Nazi rise to power was Pope Pius XI. Although he stated that the myths of "race" and "blood" were contrary to Christian teaching (in a papal encyclical, March 1937 in which he refrained from using the word "Jew"), he neither specifically mentioned nor directly criticized antisemitism. His successor, Pius XII (Cardinal Pacelli) was a Germanophile who maintained what he felt was "neutrality" throughout the course of World War II but which did nothing to protect the victims and on the other hand, allowed the perpetrators a free hand to act. Although as early as 1942 the Vatican received detailed information on the murder of Jews in concentration camps, the Pope confined his public statements to general expressions of sympathy for the victims of injustice and to calls for a more humane conduct of the war.
Despite the lack of response by Pope Pius XII, several individual papal nuncios played an important role in rescue efforts, particularly the nuncios in Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, and Turkey. It is not clear to what, if any, extent they operated upon instructions from the Vatican. In Germany, the Catholic Church did not oppose the Nazis' antisemitic campaign. Church records were supplied to state authorities, which assisted in the detection of people of Jewish origin, and efforts to aid the persecuted were confined to Catholic non-Aryans. While Catholic clergymen protested the Nazi euthanasia program, few, with the exception of Bernhard Lichtenberg, spoke out against the murder of the Jews.
In Western Europe, Catholic clergy spoke out publicly against the persecution of the Jews and actively helped in the rescue of Jews. In Eastern Europe, however, the Catholic clergy was generally more reluctant to help. Dr. Jozef Tiso, the head of state of Slovakia and a Catholic priest, actively cooperated with the Germans, as did many other Catholic priests.
The response of Protestant and Eastern Orthodox churches varied. In Germany, for example, Nazi supporters within Protestant churches complied with the anti-Jewish legislation and even excluded Christians of Jewish origin from membership. Pastor Martin Niemeller's Confessing Church defended the rights of Christians of Jewish origin within the church, but did not publicly protest their persecution, nor did it condemn the measures taken against the Jews, with the exception of a memorandum sent to Hitler in May 1936. In occupied Europe, the position of the Protestant churches varied. In several countries (Denmark, France, the Netherlands, and Norway) local churches and/or leading clergymen issued public protests when the Nazis began deporting Jews. In other countries (Bulgaria, Greece, and Yugoslavia), some Orthodox church leaders intervened on behalf of the Jews and took steps, which, in certain cases, led to the rescue of many Jews.
(red: Answer:) We do not know the exact number of Nazi criminals since the available documentation is incomplete. The Nazis themselves destroyed many incriminating documents and there are still many criminals who are unidentified and/or unindicted.
Those who committed war crimes include those individuals who initiated, planned and directed the killing operations, as well as those with whose knowledge, agreement, and passive participation the murder of European Jewry was carried out. Those who actually implemented the "Final Solution" include the leaders of Nazi Germany, the heads of the Nazi Party, and the Reich Security Main Office. Also included are hundreds of thousands of members of the Gestapo, the SS, the Einsatzgruppen, the police and the armed forces, as well as those bureaucrats who were involved in the persecution and destruction of European Jewry. In addition, there were thousands of individuals throughout occupied Europe who cooperated with the Nazis in killing Jews and other innocent civilians.
We do not have complete statistics on the number of criminals brought to justice, but the number is certainly far less than the total of those who were involved in the "Final Solution." The leaders of the Third Reich, who were caught by the Allies, were tried by the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg from November 20, 1945 to October 1, 1946. Afterwards, the Allied occupation authorities continued to try Nazis, with the most significant trials held in the American zone (the Subsequent Nuremberg Proceedings). In total, 5,025 Nazi criminals were convicted between 1945-1949 in the American, British and French zones, in addition to an unspecified number of people who were tried in the Soviet zone. In addition, the United Nations War Crimes Commission prepared lists of war criminals who were later tried by the judicial authorities of Allied countries and those countries under Nazi rule during the war. The latter countries have conducted a large number of trials regarding crimes committed in their lands. The Polish tribunals, for example, tried approximately 40,000 persons, and large numbers of criminals were tried in other countries. In all, about 80,000 Germans have been convicted for committing crimes against humanity, while the number of local collaborators is in the tens of thousands. Special mention should be made of Simon Wiesenthal, whose activities led to the capture of over one thousand Nazi criminals. Courts in Germany began, in some cases, to function as early as 1945. By 1969, almost 80,000 Germans had been investigated and over 6,000 had been convicted. In 1958, the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; West Germany) established a special agency in Ludwigsburg to aid in the investigation of crimes committed by Germans outside Germany, an agency which, since its establishment, has been involved in hundreds of major investigations. One of the major problems regarding the trial of war criminals in the FRG (as well as in Austria) has been the fact that the sentences have been disproportionately lenient for the crimes committed. Some trials were also conducted in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR; East Germany), yet no statistics exist as to the number of those convicted or the extent of their sentences.
(red: Answer:) The term "Nuremberg Trials" refers to two sets of trials of Nazi war criminals conducted after the war. The first trials were held November 20, 1945 to October 1, 1946, before the International Military Tribunal (IMT), which was made up of representatives of France, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States. It consisted of the trials of the political, military and economic leaders of the Third Reich captured by the Allies. Among the defendants were: Göring, Rosenberg, Streicher, Kaltenbrunner, Seyss-Inquart, Speer, Ribbentrop and Hess (many of the most prominent Nazis—Hitler, Himmler, and Goebbels—committed suicide and were not brought to trial). The second set of trials, known as the Subsequent Nuremberg Proceedings, was conducted before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals (NMT), established by the Office of the United States Government for Germany (OMGUS). While the judges on the NMT were American citizens, the tribunal considered itself international. Twelve high-ranking officials were tried, among whom were cabinet ministers, diplomats, doctors involved in medical experiments, and SS officers involved in crimes in concentration camps or in genocide in Nazi-occupied areas.
(red: Answer:) The Jewish people originated in the land of Canaan (present-day Israel and parts of Jordan, Syria and Egypt) around 2,000 BCE ("Before the Common Era," the secular denotation of time). They came into being as a distinct group when they established a new religion based on the belief in a single, all-powerful God that had no material form. Both the people and the land in which they lived were known as "Israel", named after one of the founding fathers of the Jewish people. At one time there was a split between the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah. The term "Jew" is derived from Judah.
Jews were sometimes sovereign in their own land but, located at the crossroads of the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa, they sometimes conquered others and other times were re-conquered by stronger neighbors. The longest period of non-Jewish rule over the Land of Israel was from the Roman conquest in 70 CE to the re-establishment of a Jewish state in 1948.
During that period, Jews migrated to places all over the world. They were steadfast in maintaining their distinct identity and successfully resisted assimilation by maintaining their particular Holy language (Hebrew), religious practices and customs. Often the daily language that they would use was a mixture of Hebrew and local languages, in Central and Eastern, Hebrew was mixed with German to form Yiddish; in Spain it was mixed with Spanish to form Ladino.
Throughout its history, people have always left the Jewish people and come in to it, so Jews are very diverse and embrace all races, ethnic backgrounds, languages and diversities.
(red: Answer:) Jews living in Europe were often subjected to discrimination and persecution. In medieval times they were prohibited for owning land or joining guilds, which were the most common ways of making a living. Limited to a few professions that were often stigmatized as marginal (such as money lending, tax collecting or merchandizing), Jews were often resented by their neighbors.
Often, problems were blamed on the Jews and popular myths accused Jews of poisoning wells, spreading plaques and murdering young Christian children. The primary propagator of these hate-filled canards was the Church, which identified the Jews with the greatest sin of all times - deicide (killing the son of god). For centuries, Jews were the obvious "other," the outcast of European society, and most areas enacted laws denying rights to Jews, sometimes requiring them to where distinguishing badges, hats or other articles of clothing and to live in walled ghettos.
The coming of the Enlightenment loosened the power of the Church but antisemitism continued politically, economically and especially socially. The masses of Eastern European Jews lived in Eastern Europe and most yearned to move to the west, especially to "the Goldene Medina" (the golden country), the USA. Millions emigrated in the latter half of the nineteenth century and in the twentieth before the First World War and restrictive immigration quotas put an end to this wave.
(red: Answer:) Hitler was appointed Chancellor (German Prime Minister) in a legal fashion and in accordance with the constitution of the Weimar Republic, which was the government between 1918 and 1933. Hitler and the Nazi Party used the democratic system in order to subvert it. He ran for elections without respect or regard for the democratic system. After 1930, no German government enjoyed the support of a majority of voters and every Chancellor exercised power on the basis of being appointed and retaining the confidence of the elected President, Otto von Hindenburg. Hitler's party garnered the largest plurality of votes in the elections of July 1932, but Hindenburg resisted making him Chancellor. He changed his mind in January 1933, swayed by pressure from various advisors and friends who argued that the Nazis were on the decline (they lost 2 million votes in the election of November 1932), could be held in check in a broad coalition of powerful conservatives, and that they were far preferable than the only other alternative that seemed to exist: the Communist Party. Hindenburg died on August 1, 1934 and Hitler united the powers of the Chancellor and the President into a new position - fuhrer, or leader.
(red: Answer:) The Holocaust was a unique event in human history in that a modern state devoted its total government, army, bureaucracy as well as every social, cultural and educational institution to the elimination of another group - to the murder of every man, woman and child and the complete expunging of every vestige of their existence. The Holocaust revealed a terrifying potentiality that, once released into the world, can never be taken back. It can happen again and no one knows who may be the next perpetrators and victims. Fundamentally, the Holocaust shows us how we ought not to act towards each other.
The Holocaust forces us to confront basic moral and ethical issues that are at the heart of society and of ourselves. It helps people understand the ramifications of prejudice, racism, and stereotyping and it provides a context for exploring the dangers of remaining silent, of apathy, and indifferent to the fate of others. It helps us to develop an awareness of the values of diversity and it encourages tolerance in our increasingly pluralistic society.
A study of the Holocaust focuses us on the uses and abuses of power, the roles and responsibilities of individuals, organization and nations in confronting violations of human rights and on key forces that have shaped our world today, and what is means for each of us to responsibly engage in our American democracy. As Prof. John Roth has phrased it: "Nazism and the Holocaust were an assault on the values that Americans…hold most dear when we are at our best. But these values are as fragile as they are precious, precarious as they are fundamental." A democratic society cannot be genocidal society. A people that believes in equality, in inalienable human rights, in protecting minorities, cannot build gas chambers. The Holocaust teaches us important lessons about ethics, citizenship and American values.
At the entrance to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC there is a quotation: "The Government of the United States gives to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance." It was written by George Washington, on April 17, 1790. Learning about the Holocaust is an effective way to ensure that his words will ring true in the 21st century.


text:
Enquire Contact form
- Description
Ortofon is a Danish manufacturer of high quality phono cartridges, designed to get the very most out of your vinyl collection from a variety of price points. Ortofon cartridges, both Moving Magnet and Moving Coil configuration are commonly found supplied with high quality ProJect turntable models, but Ortofon cartridges sound exceptional with any compatible turntable.
Moving Coil cartridges feature an inverted version of the Moving Magnet design. Instead of a magnet sitting on the end of the cantilever between two coils, the coils have attached to the cantilever and a magnet is placed near them. Because space within the cartridge at this level is extremely limited, the coils are made from an exceptionally fine wire. The coils tiny size results in a very low output. Equipped with a Replicant 100 stylus and a conical aluminium cantilever, the Ortofon Cadenza Bronze moving coil cartridge is a superbly accomplished musical performer. Ortofon Aucurum wire forms the special coil material for transparent natural sound. For superior musical reproduction at the highest level, look no further than this superb cartridge.
This high end moving coil cartridge owes it's superb sound quality to it's advanced nude Shibata diamond stylus mounted on an extremely thin, rigid and lightweight boron cantilever of extremely low effective mass, allowing Ortofon Cadenza Black to extract maximum information from the groove. Sound quality is extremely pure, with amazing tonal neutrality, dynamics and detail. This cartridge would suit all good quality turntables and phono stages.
- Specification
Output Voltage (at 1kHz, 5cm/sec) 330 μV Channel Balance at 1kHz < 0.8dB Channel Separation at 1kHz > 27dB Channel Separation at 15kHz > 20dB Frequency Range (at -3dB) 20 Hz - 60 kHz Frequency Response 20Hz - 20kHz +1.5 / 0 Tracking Ability at 315Hz Typically 90μm Compliance, Dynamic, Lateral 16μm / mN Stylus Type Nude Shibata Cantilever Boron Stylus Tip Radius r / R 5 /50μm Tracking Force Range 2.0 - 2.5g (20 - 25mN) Recommended Tracking Force 2.3g (23mN) Tracking Angle 20º Internal Impedance / DC Resistance 5Ω Recommended Load Impedance >10Ω Cartridge Body Material Stainless Steel Aluminium Cartridge Colour Black / Black Cartridge Weight 10.7g
- Reviews
- Delivery
Providing your item is in stock, the order is usually dispatched within 24 hours. Please remember that postage and packing is completely free for orders over £50*. Out of stock items will be dispatched as soon as they become available, out of stock items can take between 4 to 21 days for dispatch.
Deliveries usually take 1-3 working days. The majority of orders are sent via our couriers'; Interlink Express on a next-day-delivery service. Smaller, low value or light-weight items are normally posted using Royal Mail Recorded or Royal Mail Special Delivery.
Once your product has been dispatched, you will be notified via email and sent a unique consignment number, you can use this number at http://www.interlinkexpress.com to check the status of your delivery. If you have provided a mobile telephone number, Interlink's Predict service will notify you by text (and email) of a one-hour delivery window. If the window they suggest is inconvenient, you can change the date of delivery to a later one via text or email.
*We ship free of charge to mainland UK addresses, excluding the Scottish Highlands or 'Out-Of-Reach' Scottish locations. Please consult the post-codes below to see if your location falls within this category. If you are still unsure, please contact us on 01432 354921. We also ship to Northern Ireland, Channel Islands, Scilly Isles, Scottish Isles and Scottish Highlands, however delivery to these locations will incur a charge and can only be sent via a 2-day service.
Shipping Costs Mainland UK (Next-Day) Offshore/Out-of-reach (2-day)Northern Ireland, Channel Islands, Isle of Man, Scottish Islands, Scilly Islands Republic of Ireland (2-day) Under £50 Orders £7.50 £12.50 £15.00 Over £50 Orders FREE £19.99 £29.99 Surcharge Orders £50.00 £69.99 £79.99 Saturday Delivery £12.99 N/A N/A Sunday Delivery £12.99 N/A N/A
Post codes exempt from the free delivery service include:
Scottish Highlands Post Codes: AB30-38, AB41-42, AB44-56, FK17-99, G83, IV1-28, IV30-39, IV52-54, IV63, KW1-14, PA21-33, PA34-40, PH15-26, PH31-41, PH49-50
Islands Post Codes: HS1-9, IV40-51, IV55-56, KA27-28, KW15-17, PA20, PA41-49, PA60-78, PH42-44, ZE1-3
Northern Ireland: All BT postcodes
Channel Islands Post Codes: JE, GY
Scilly Isles Post Codes: TR21, TR22, TR23, TR24, TR25
- Press & Awards

subset: commoncrawl


text: rupinder bhangu wrote: > hi > I am Rupinder.I am a final year student.I have planned to work on the > topic of Beowulf clusters during my six months training.I have also > gone through some of the sites & the other stuff on the Internet to > gather the basic info regarding beowulfs, because I had to convince my > teachers for allowing me to work on this topic.Having done that job > successfully, I would now like to have the help from the people who > are experienced in this field. I am really a newbie in this field, but > I want to do it. Could you please tell me where to start, how to work > & the related help that you think would be useful for me?Could you > also tell that whether a period of 6 months is adequate for a person > like me to build a cluster with 3-4 nodes successfully? > Thanks > Rupinder Kaur > > >------------------------------------------------------------------------ > >_______________________________________________ >Beowulf mailing list, Beowulf at beowulf.org >To change your subscription (digest mode or unsubscribe) visit http://www.beowulf.org/mailman/listinfo/beowulf > > Depending on your skill level, you can possibly do this in a matter of days. Your task involves three elements. 1) Hardware Gather together, test, configure any hardware you need (including networking). 2) System Software OS installation, network shares configuration, passwordless ssh/rsh configuration, any libraries you need for intercommunication (MPI, PVM, OpenMosix patched kernel), routing, Batch system (not likely with a small setup). 3) User Software Learning API for intercommunication, building non-trivial program to prove you are a cool parallel programmer (this is hard). Browny points if you build a program relevant to the people evaluating you. You can skip this step if you are working in genomics, or meteorology (lots of free software in these areas), or can use pre-canned libraries like ScaLAPACK, or if you have scads of money to buy Gaussian licenses (and you like chemistry), etc. You get the idea. Lots of ifs. Using something like ROCKS will simplify 2), and you can often trip someone into helping you with 1). Unfortunately, 3) is something you usually have to do yourself. -- Geoffrey D. Jacobs MORE CORE AVAILABLE, BUT NONE FOR YOU.


text:
Occasion Hats are most of our stock here at Hats and That. Being in the industry for many years and attending many festivals and events throughout the Cornwall region, we have selected the finest range of occasion hats for both men and women.
We hold stock of many stylish top hats and wedding hats – whether you are the groom, the mother of the bride, or just want to look fabulous attending a special occasion, we do our utmost best to source a variety of styles, colours and hats to fit many requirements and outfits. Based in Cornwall, we offer our occasion hats throughout the UK, browse through our selection and order online – with FREE delivery.
Occasion Hats are delivered to you by our Hats and That team just for those special events where you need to look just right. We hold a variety of both Men and women's Occasion Hats, be sure to check out our online selection today. Required for many events, Occasion Hats can be worn for moments including Weddings, Ascot, Christenings, and Parties; due to our assortment of various different styles, colours and shapes of hats, you can choose and select the ideal piece of headwear.
Constantly updating our stock, if you can't see the occasion hat in a colour or style you're searching for, please contact our team where they will be able to assist you. With FREE delivery on all orders, if however you require your hat next day, we also offer this service too – at an additional cost. Contact our friendly team for assistance or to discuss the choice of occasion hats available to you: 01208 730 24.
View Range...
© hatsandthat.com 2015
Web Design Bristol by Creative Steam
1a Berrycombe Road, Bodmin, Cornwall, UK, PL31 2NS
E email@example.com


text:
1. trimming - noun
· the act of adding decoration; "the children had to be in bed before it was time for the trimming of the tree"
Hypernym(s): decoration
2. trimming - noun
· a decoration or adornment on a garment; "the trimming on a hat"; "the trim on a shirt"
Synonym(s): trim, passementerie
Hypernym(s): adornment
3. trimming - noun
· cutting down to the desired size or shape
Hypernym(s): cut, cutting, cutting_off
4. trim - verb
· remove the edges from and cut down to the desired size; "pare one's fingernails"; "trim the photograph"; "trim lumber"
Synonym(s): pare
Hypernym(s): cut
5. trim - verb
· decorate, as with ornaments; "trim the christmas tree"; "trim a shop window"
Hypernym(s): decorate, adorn, grace, ornament, embellish, beautify
6. trim - verb
· cut down on; make a reduction in; "reduce your daily fat intake"; "The employer wants to cut back health benefits"
Synonym(s): reduce, cut_down, cut_back, trim_down, trim_back, cut, bring_down
Hypernym(s): decrease, lessen, minify
7. trim - verb
· balance in flight by regulating the control surfaces; "trim an airplane"
Hypernym(s): balance, equilibrate, equilibrize, equilibrise
8. trim - verb
· be in equilibrium during a flight; "The airplane trimmed"
Hypernym(s): be
9. trim - verb
· decorate (food), as with parsley or other ornamental foods
Hypernym(s): decorate, adorn, grace, ornament, embellish, beautify
10. trim - verb
· cultivate, tend, and cut back the growth of; "dress the plants in the garden"
Synonym(s): snip, clip, crop, lop, dress, prune, cut_back
Hypernym(s): thin_out
11. trim - verb
· cut closely; "trim my beard"
Synonym(s): shave
Hypernym(s): cut
12. trim - verb
· adjust (sails on a ship) so that the wind is optimally used
Hypernym(s): adjust, set, correct
The only site you need for word puzzles, home work, anagrams and scrabble games. The best site for two word anagram solutions.
Enter the letters to get anagrams for the word
Definitions, synonyms, antonyms and related words
Enter the word below with '?' to indicate missing letters
Enter the word to find the rhymes
Enter the letters of the beginning, middle or end of the word.
Unscramble.net is the free tool to unscramble letters and words for games like Text Twist, Words with Friends, Scrabble, Word Scraper, and of course the ever popular Jumble newspaper puzzle. It is also great for homework problems that frustrate many parents and students. Unscramble.net provides one and two word unscramble solutions from its extensive 280,000 word list that includes technical, medical and slang words. There is no limit to the number of letters entered for one word unscrambles and the site also provides for rhyming words and dictionary definitions for many of the unscrambled words. Two word unscramble results are provided in two formats for easy comprehension by the user. There is no limit to the number of word combinations provided whether for one or two word unscramble solution sets.
The site is mobile friendly and fully https/tls security compliant. Fast and easy, unscramble.net provides the most accurate and complete word, letter and anagram solutions available. Trust the oldest and most reliable unscramble tool on the net. Word lists are constantly being updated from reliable sources. Android and iOS apps are coming soon.


text:
Thanks! Ordered yesterday, received this morning"
Rosanna, Milton Keynes
Thank you very much... outstanding customer service"
Afshan, Essex
perfectly packaged, like diving into a treasure trove"
Marlous, Netherlands
You renewed my faith that sometimes companies are lovely"
Annie, Glamorgan
Thank you for your excellent service once more"
Rhiannon, Cardiff
Squires Kitchen Shop is one of the UK's longest established online retailers of cake decorating supplies and sugarcraft tools with over 5,000 high quality, own brand and leading brand products. From cake pans, stand mixers and cake decorating books to sugar flower modelling paste, specialist food colourings and fondant icing. You're sure to find everything you need to bake and decorate amazing cakes and craft stunning sugar art.


text:
College of Medicine Office of Faculty Affairs
The Office of Faculty Affairs is responsible for issues relating to the COM faculty including recruitment, orientation, faculty development, the development and interpretation of policies and procedures for promotionand tenure, supporting the work of the COM Academic Appointments, Promotion and Tenure Committee (CAPT), grievance and appeal procedures, annual faculty performance evaluation, annual reappointment letters, and faculty retention.
To the right are links to COM By-Laws and the UTHSC Faculty Handbook. These documents give the policies of COM and UTHSC under which all of COM works.
For a better understanding of COM promotion and tenure, look at Insiders Guide to Promotion in UTHSC COM . It gives an overview, FAQs, and describes the "metrics" in detail.
To the left are links to a host of forms needed by departmental Business Managers and Chairs in order to recruit, appoint, promote, and evaluate faculty.
Call us if you have questions. If we don't know the answer, we'll know who to ask.
- Dr. Polly Hofmann, Associate Dean Office of Faculty Affairs: 448-2464
- Dr. Susan Senogles, Assistant Dean Office of Faculty Affairs: 448-1746
- Ms. Donna Wilkinson, Coordinator Office of Faculty Affairs: 448-5313
- Ms. Roz Jackson-Donald, Administrative Specialist Office of Faculty Affairs: 448-3331
Faculty Affairs Links
Contact Us
Faculty Affairs
910 Madison Ave., Suite 1002
Memphis, Tennessee 38163
Fax: 901-448-7683
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Associate Dean:
Polly Hofmann, Ph.D.
Scott E. Strome, MD
Robert Kaplan Executive Dean,
Vice Chancellor for Clinical Affairs
910 Madison Ave, Ste 1002
Memphis, TN 38163


text:
Soap vet Steve Burton goes from 'GH' to 'Y&R'
NEW YORK -- There's heartbreak ahead for some "General Hospital" fans.
Steve Burton, who played Jason Morgan on the ABC soap opera for nearly 21 years and left the show last fall to relocate his family to Tennessee, is joining the cast of "The Young and the Restless."
Burton made the announcement Monday on CBS' "The Talk."
He said in an interview with The Associated Press that the opportunity came from a recent developing relationship with Sony Corp. where he and actor James Franco (and former recurring "General Hospital" guest star) have been trying to develop a prime-time series.
"They asked if I was ready to come back to daytime and ... what could they do to make that work," said Burton. He said he wanted his family to stay in Tennessee and he needed a flexible schedule to spend time with them.
"I get to have the best of both worlds and fly back and forth" from Los Angeles, he said. "I wasn't really expecting it."
On "Y&R," Burton will play Dylan McAvoy, an ex-soldier with a secret.
The 42-year-old begins shooting Tuesday. His first episode is slated to air Jan. 29.
"It is a little nerve-racking because I don't really know who the character is. The cool thing is I know a lot of people who are there already. The soap world is a small world," he said.
Another appeal for Burton is that former "General Hospital" executive producer Jill Phelps is now at the helm at CBS' "Y&R," which has ranked as the No. 1 daytime drama for almost 25 years.
Burton understands some of his fans who may have been hoping he would return to "General Hospital," will be disappointed that he's joining "Y&R," but says it was time to do something different.
"To play a character for that long is amazing, but as an actor you want to do something new," he said. "I get to play a whole new character and a whole different life."
One thing he's not sure will change is the name of his band, Port Chuck, made up of "General Hospital" actors Scott Reeves, Brandon Barash and Bradford Anderson. The name is a play on the name Port Charles, the fictional setting of the soap opera.
Will the band need to incorporate Genoa City, where "The Young and the Restless" takes place?
"Most people who don't know us anyway are like 'Pork Chop? What the heck is Port Chop? No, Port Chuck!' As of now there are no plans to change the name," he said.


text:
For FREE NO-OBLIGATION catheter samples of any of the latest technology, which are virtually pain free. Please fill out the form to the right.
A customer care specialist will contact you within 24 hours.
Patient Care Medical provides the best Stockton Catheter Samples for daily catheter users with the most comprehensive and beneficial program available. Call us today about the latest and advanced catheter technology designed and engineered for greater comfort and ease of use.
Through our LIMITED TIME ONLY program for Stockton Catheter Samples we will have a 3 day supply of these new catheters shipped directly to you from the manufacturer, at no cost and without any obligation.
Simply fill out the form on the right and the catheters will be immediately sent to you, or call us today at (888) 665-8855 and we will order the samples for you.
Features of the Patient Care Medical catheter Stockton program include:
- Catheter samples at little or no cost (with qualifying insurance coverage)
- "No hassle" ordering program
- A Personal Customer Care Representative (you'll talk to the same person every time you contact us)
- Free and discreet shipping
- We work directly with your physician to ensure the correct product for your individual needs
- We handle everything; paperwork, ordering, and billing your insurance
- We'll work with you on your co-pay and can completely eliminate it under certain conditions (call for more information)
- Monthly or quarterly re-ordering program tailored to your needs, so you should never be without a supply of catheters
- Overnight shipping of emergency catheters if necessary, at no cost
Insurance coverage of catheter samples Stockton:
- Medicare allows up to 200 catheters a month with your physician's approval
- Medicaid varies from State to State, but generally allows as prescribed by your physician
Private insurance varies from coverage to coverage but will generally allow the monthly amount prescribed by your physician as per their assessment of your needs.
Patient Care Medical provides the following types of Catheter Samples to our Stockton residents:
- Travel Catheter for Women
- Pocket Catheters for Men
- Closed System Catheters
- Hydrophilic Catheters
- Coude Tip Catheters
- Intermittent Catheters
- Foley Catheters
- External Catheters


text:
Big B wrote:After reading a bunch of posts from the guys around here, I notice a resounding imbalance between Foyle and Dunny.
Foyle makes $7 million a year and Dunny makes $8.8 million per year. Very comprarable.
So, why is it that the bar is set so high for Dunny and we're happy with Foyle if he can take a piss and not get urine all over himself?
I want the very best for these guys, but Foyle and Dunny has proven over the past few years that they are not components of a winning stragety...
Both are shiit and relative busts! Thing is that dunnyboy was not just the third pick, but a hyped player to be real good! Foyle was never hyped as being real good and was known only as a shotblocker so that was all that was to be expected from him! Mullin signed Foyle to that contract because there ws no centers on the team and Centers are hard to come by, Dunleavy was signed to his contract because Mullin was outright stupid!!!! He should have never signed dun to anymore than 7 million a year because he did not deserve it and the likes of Tayshaun Prince (a far better and more effective player) signed for a minute amount more!!!!


text:
HOUSTON -- One of the more intriguing things coming out of Sunday's 30-10 loss to Houston was that the home team really didn't play that well and still won by 20 points. Obviously the Dolphins turnovers had a huge part in that, but can you imagine if Houston had been firing on all the proverbial cylinders under its proverbial hood?
As I mentioned in my column in Monday's newspaper, some of the defensive players after the game were talking as if the unit had played fairly well. And yes, there were instances, particularly early on, when the defense was up to the challenge of stopping Houston.
But what I heard suggested good work throughout.
"It's the same old same old for me. We got a lot of tough guys, a lot of guys that can make plays all over the field," Cameron Wake said of the unit. "We know what we can do day in, and day out. We go at it in practice. I've seen what these guys can do. You just gotta go out there and execute and do our best to get the ball."
Wake and his teammates had their chances to be heroes when they were put in crisis situations after four consecutive Miami series ended in turnovers before halftime.
"That's football," Wake said. "That's the way the cards are dealt and you've gotta play your hand. As a defense, we've gotta go out there, regardless of where the ball is. They throw the ball in, and it's on the one that's an opportunity for us to keep them out, that's an opportunity for us to get a turnover, an opportunity for us to do a lot of different things. That's the mindset you've gotta have. You can't go out there, 'Oh man, they're on the one yard line, what are we gonna do?' We're gonna stop them. That's the way we go into each game."
Um, except that didn't happen. The offense gave the ball up four times on turnovers and four times the Texans offense converted points against Miami's D. Three of those times the Texans got the ball at their 46, Miami's 27, and Miami's 31 ... and converted touchdowns each time.
So what's this about 'we're gonna stop them?"
Yes, the Miami offense put the defense in a terrible hole. But the defense didn't exactly dig itself out. Those are simply the facts.


text:
Where is Rudolf Steiner
Question: Rudolf Steiner is never to be found. Not on the Internet. Nobody speaks where he is, and I want to ask is he with the planet or is he somewhere else in the cosmos?
This answer was given by the Ascended Master Jesus through Kim Michaels at a conference in Holland, 2016.
Jesus: Rudolf Steiner is not at this point an ascended master, and he is not working with Earth. Therefore, he is not able to support the Anthroposophical Society that he started.
Copyright © 2016 Kim Michaels
Add Blog RSS Feed to Your Reader
Mother Mary's 500 vigil on Korea2019-03-30
There is a new program for the Mother Mary's 500 vigil. We will focus on Korea for several months in order to support our conference there.
Books now available2019-03-24
I have published three new books in both print and ebook format:
Fulfilling Your Divine Plan
Fulfilling Your Highest Spiritual Potential
Making Peace with Being on Earth
The books are based on the dictations from the 2018 conferences in Holland, Kazakstan and Estonia, with an invocation for each dictation.
You can buy one at a time, but I offer a discount for buying all three. You can find them in the store under New Products
The special offer for print books is here.
The special offer for Ebooks is here.
The books will be on Amazon soon, and Healing Your spiritual Traumas is now also on Amazon.
My Lives in Dutch2019-03-08
The book My Lives with Lucifer, Satan, Hitler and Jesus has been translated into Dutch and is now available from the bookstore as both print and ebook.
Click here for more information.
Information about Holland and Korea conferences2019-03-06
Saint Germain's book is ready2019-02-15
The Mystical Initiations of Freedom by Saint Germain is now ready.
It is available in the More to Life store as printed book and ebook. Also, the seven invocations are available as sound files.
The Amazon version will be available in a couple of days.


text: Iodine is the mordant in Gram's Staining method. Applied after the crystal violet to chemically bond the dye to the bacterial cell walls. The solution is stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone allowing a constant level of unoxidized iodine. Working solution iodine is pre-mixed and ready-to-use. No further dilution is necessary. FDA approved for in vitro diagnostic use.


text:
Essays & Stories by Various Hands,including Andrew Thompson, Robert De Montesquiou, Philippe Soupault, Pierre Janet, Roger Vitrac, Salvador Dali, André Breton, Michel Butor, Jean Ferry, Michel Leiris, John Ashbery, Raymond Roussel, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Jean Ricardou, and Leonardo Sciascia.
RAYMOND ROUSSEL (1877-1933) was perhaps the most extraordinary writer of this century. His bizarre works (and eccentric lifestyle) have attracted enthusiastic critical responces from many of his most illustrious contemporaries, and he has been claimed as a precursor byauthors associated with the Surrealists, 'Pataphysicians, Tel Quel, Semioticians, "Post-Structuralists" and the Oulipo.
The essays and texts in this collection constitute a virtual history of Roussel crticism and exegesis, and they are printed here in chronological order, so far as that is possible. Most are translated for the first time. However, several are not - this and the differing interpretations of translators means that certain passages recur throughout the book in different versions. We have not attempted to harmonise them. The bibliography at the end includes the contents of the present volume and provides full details of first publication, etc.
An imagination which joins the mathematicians' delirium to the poets' logic - that, among other marvels, is what one discovers in the novels of Raymond Roussel. - Raymond Queneau
A formidable poetic apparatus. - Marcel Proust
Things, words, vision and death, the sun and language make a unique form...Roussel in some way has defined its geometry. - Michel Foucault
The Marcel Proust of dreams. - Roger Vitrac
An experience unique in literature. - John Ashbery
Raymond Roussel belongs to the most important French literature of the beginning of the century. - Alain Robbe-Grillet
Creator of authentic myths. - Michel Leiris
Genius in its pure state. - Jean Cocteau
A great poet. - Marcel Duchamp
The President of the Republic of Dreams. - Louis Aragon
Fascinating, marvellous...a continual enigma. - Michel Butor
The greatest mesmerist of modern times. - André Breton
My fame will outshine that of Victor Hugo or Napoleon. - Raymond Roussel
Site contents Copyright © Atlas Press 1999-2019
BCM Atlas Press, 27 Old Gloucester Street, London WC1N 3XX, UK


text:
Website Terms and Conditions
Please read these terms for website usage carefully before using this site.
By accessing thevendue.com, you agree to accept, without limitation or qualification, all of these terms for site usage.
If you do not agree to these Terms for Site Usage, please exit TheVendue.com immediately.
TheVendue.com (the "Site") makes available information about property owned by The Vendue and its affiliates (collectively, "we" or "us"). Access to and use of the Site is subject to any specific terms and conditions set forth on the individual pages within the Site ("Individual Page Terms") and to these Terms for Website Usage (the "Terms"), and to all applicable laws and regulations, including laws and regulation governing copyright and trademark. We reserve the right, in our sole and absolute discretion, to change any of the Individual Page Terms or any of the Terms for Website Usage at any time. By using the Site, you have agreed to each and every Individual Page Term and these Terms for Website Usage, and you agree in advance to accept any changes to any such terms.
We respect the privacy of the users of this Site. We provide the TheVendue.com Privacy Policy so that you will be informed about the use of information that we collect at this Site. You acknowledge and agree that you have read and consent to the terms of our Privacy Policy, which is incorporated herein.
This Site is available only to individuals and entities that can form legally binding contracts under applicable law. You may only use this Site if you are at least 18 years of age (this Site is not available for use by minors). You are responsible for maintaining the secrecy of your passwords, login and account information. You will be financially accountable for all uses of this Site by you and anyone using your password and login information. You may only use this Site to make legitimate reservations or purchases. You may not use this Site to make any false, fraudulent or speculative reservation; to post or transmit any unlawful, threatening, libelous, defamatory, obscene, or indecent material; or for any other purpose that is unlawful or prohibited by these Terms. We may, at any time and without advance notice or liability, terminate or restrict your access to all or any components of this Site.
Program Information and Changes
We may make information regarding specific programs, offers, or promotions, which we are conducting, available on this Site. Any such program, offer or promotion is subject to the specific terms, conditions and restrictions listed on this Site in connection with such program, offer or promotion. We reserve the right to alter or withdraw any program, offer or promotion at any time. Each program, offer and promotion is void where prohibited by law. Please refer to and read carefully the terms, conditions and restrictions included on this Site in connection with each program, offer or promotion.
Content Linked to the Site
Links to other websites that we think may be of interest to you are provided for your convenience. By providing these links, we are not endorsing, sponsoring or recommending such websites, the materials or information disseminated by them, or the services provided by them. We do not review or monitor any other websites linked to this Site and are not responsible for the content of such linked websites. You link to such other websites at your own risk.
The headings used in these Terms are included for convenience only and will not limit or otherwise change these Terms. The Terms apply to your use of this Site, including all transactions you effect through this Site. If a court finds any of these Terms to be unenforceable or invalid, the unenforceable or invalid Term will be enforced to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and the other Terms will remain valid and enforceable. These Terms, together with the Individual Page Terms and the TheVendue.com Privacy Policy, make up the entire agreement between us relating to your use of this Site and replaces any prior understandings or agreements (whether oral or written) regarding your use of this Site.
Warranty Disclaimer
You agree that you use the site at your own risk. The site and any related information, contents and/or materials are provided on an "as-is" basis without representations or warranties of any kind either express, implied or statutory, including but not limited to warranties of title or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, other than those warranties which are imposed by and incapable of exclusion, restriction or modification under the laws applicable to this agreement.
Limitation of Liability
Neither us nor any of our subsidiaries, divisions, affiliates, agents or representatives shall be liable to you or anyone else for any loss or injury or any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, punitive or similar damages (including by not limited to lost profits or lost savings) arising out of (1) your access or use of this site, (2) your inability to access or use this site (including but not limited to the inability to use any component of this site for reservations or ticketing), or (3) any materials, opinion or recommendations of third parties on the site. This limitation applies whether the alleged liability is based on contract, tort, negligence, strict liability, or any other basis, even if we have been advised of the possibility of such damage. In jurisdictions that do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, our liability in such jurisdictions shall be limited to the extent permitted by law. You hereby waive any and all claims against us and our subsidiaries, divisions, affiliates, agents or representatives arising out of your use of the site or any materials opinions or recommendations of third parties on the site.
You agree to indemnify and hold us, our subsidiaries, divisions, affiliates, agents and representatives harmless from any claim or demand, including reasonable attorneys' fees, made by any third party due to or arising out of your breach of these Terms for Website Usage or the documents it incorporates by reference, or your violation of any law or the rights of any third party.
Governing Law
These Terms for Website Usage and any disputes arising out of or related to the Site or use of the Site, shall be governed by, construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of South Carolina, without regard to its conflict of laws rules. You expressly agree that the exclusive jurisdiction for any claim or action arising out of or relating to these Terms for Website Usage or your use of the Site shall be filed only in the state or federal courts located in the State of South Carolina, and you further agree and submit to the exercise of personal jurisdiction of such courts for the purpose of litigating any such claim or action.
These Terms for Website Usage apply to your use of the Site, including all transactions you effect through the Site. If a court finds any of the Terms to be unenforceable or invalid, the unenforceable or invalid Term will be enforced to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and the other Terms will remain valid and enforceable. The Terms, together with the TheVendue.com Privacy Policy, and the items made a part of these Terms by reference, make up the entire agreement between us relating to your use of the Site, and replace any prior understandings or agreements (whether oral or written) regarding your use of the Site. Additional terms and conditions may apply to reservations, purchases of goods or services and other uses of portions of this Site, and you agree to abide by such other terms and conditions.


text:
- WILDERNESS PACKAGE -inc: Roof Rack Cross Bars All-Weather Floor Liners/Cargo Tray Package
- RADIO: ENTUNE PREMIUM AUDIO WITH NAVIGATION -inc: Entune Multimedia bundle (6.1 high resolution touch-screen w/split screen display AM/FM CD player w/MP3/WMA playback capability 8 speakers auxiliary audio jack USB 2.0 port w/iPod connectivity and control advanced voice recognition hands-free phone capability phone book access and music streaming via Bluetooth wireless technology) Siri Eyes Free Entune AppSuite HD Radio HD Radio predictive traffic and Doppler weather overlay AM/FM cache radio SiriusXM satellite radio w/3-month complimentary all access trial Gracenote album cover art and integrated backup camera display w/projected path Entune App Suite includes Destination Search iHeartRadio MovieTickets.com OpenTable Pandora Facebook Places Yelp and Slacker Radio; real-time info including traffic weather fuel prices sports and stocks
- SLIDING REAR CARGO DECK -inc: under-floor storage compartment Trunk Carpet
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Front Airbags
- Back-Up Camera
- Curtain 1st 2nd And 3rd Row Airbags
- Low Tire Pressure Warning
- A-Trac ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Airbag Occupancy Sensor
- Outboard Front Lap And Shoulder Safety Belts -inc: Rear Center 3 Point Height Adjusters and Pretensioners
- Side Impact Beams
- Rear Child Safety Locks
- Driver And Passenger Knee Airbag
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Seat-Mounted Side Airbags
- Electronic Stability Control (ESC)
- Safety Connect Emergency Sos
- Gas-Pressurized Shock Absorbers
- Transmission w/Sequential Shift Control and Oil Cooler
- Double Wishbone Front Suspension w/Coil Springs
- Auto Locking Hubs
- 23 Gal. Fuel Tank
- GVWR: 6 300 lbs
- Multi-Link Rear Suspension w/Coil Springs
- Part And Full-Time Four-Wheel Drive
- Single Stainless Steel Exhaust
- Transmission: Electronic 5-Speed Automatic w/OD
- Engine: 4.0L V6 DOHC SMPI
- 3 Skid Plates
- 72-Amp/Hr 750CCA Maintenance-Free Battery
- Manual Transfer Case
- Front And Rear Anti-Roll Bars
- 3.727 Axle Ratio
- Hydraulic Power-Assist Speed-Sensing Steering
- 1625# Maximum Payload
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes w/4-Wheel ABS Front And Rear Vented Discs Brake Assist Hill Descent Control and Hill Hold Control
- Variable Intermittent Wipers w/Heated Wiper Park
- Body-Colored Rear Step Bumper
- LED Brakelights
- Roof Rack Rails Only
- Auto Off Projector Beam Halogen Daytime Running Headlamps
- Deep Tinted Glass
- Chrome Bodyside Insert Rocker Panel Extensions and Body-Colored Fender Flares
- Liftgate Rear Cargo Access
- Full-Size Spare Tire Stored Underbody w/Crankdown
- Power Rear Window w/Fixed Interval Wiper and Defroster
- Body-Colored Power Heated Side Mirrors w/Manual Folding
- Splash Guards
- Clearcoat Paint
- Tires: P265/70R17 Mud & Snow
- Fully Galvanized Steel Panels
- Steel Spare Wheel
- Grille w/Body-Colored Bar
- Front Fog Lamps
- Black Side Windows Trim Black Front Windshield Trim and Black Rear Window Trim
- Perimeter/Approach Lights
- Lip Spoiler
- Wheels: 17 x 7.0 6-Spoke Alloy
- Tailgate/Rear Door Lock Included w/Power Door Locks
- Body-Colored Door Handles
- Body-Colored Front Bumper w/1 Tow Hook
- Full Cloth Headliner
- 2 Seatback Storage Pockets
- Perimeter Alarm
- Leather Steering Wheel
- Engine Immobilizer
- Trip Computer
- 40-20-40 Folding Split-Bench Front Facing Manual Reclining Fold Forward Seatback Rear Seat
- Locking Glove Box
- Manual Anti-Whiplash Adjustable Front Head Restraints and Manual Adjustable Rear Head Restraints
- Delayed Accessory Power
- Carpet Floor Trim
- Entune Safety Connect Tracker System
- Manual Air Conditioning
- Systems Monitor
- Full Carpet Floor Covering
- Front Bucket Seats -inc: 8-way power-adjustable driver's seat w/power lumbar support and 4-way adjustable front passenger seat
- Fade-To-Off Interior Lighting
- Full Floor Console w/Covered Storage Mini Overhead Console w/Storage 5 12V DC Power Outlets and 1 AC Power Outlet
- Gauges -inc: Speedometer Odometer Engine Coolant Temp Tachometer Trip Odometer and Trip Computer
- Interior Trim -inc: Metal-Look Instrument Panel Insert Metal-Look Door Panel Insert Metal-Look Console Insert and Metal-Look Interior Accents
- Analog Display
- Front Map Lights
- Remote Keyless Entry w/Integrated Key Transmitter 4 Door Curb/Courtesy Illuminated Entry Illuminated Ignition Switch and Panic Button
- Radio w/Seek-Scan Clock and Steering Wheel Controls
- Leatherette Door Trim Insert
- Power Rear Windows and Fixed 3rd Row Windows
- Cargo Space Lights
- 8-Way Driver Seat
- Driver And Passenger Visor Vanity Mirrors w/Driver And Passenger Illumination Driver And Passenger Auxiliary Mirror
- Seats w/Cloth Back Material
- Front Center Armrest and Rear Center Armrest
- Driver Foot Rest
- Window Grid Diversity Antenna
- Power 1st Row Windows w/Front And Rear 1-Touch Up/Down
- FOB Controls -inc: Windows
- HVAC -inc: Underseat Ducts and Console Ducts
- Outside Temp Gauge
- 5 12V DC Power Outlets and 1 AC Power Outlet
- Power Door Locks w/Autolock Feature
- 5 12V DC Power Outlets
- Leather Gear Shift Knob
- Front Cupholder
- 4-Way Passenger Seat
- Rear Cupholder
- Day-Night Rearview Mirror
- Radio: Entune Audio Plus -inc: connected navigation app Entune Multimedia bundle (6.1 high resolution touch-screen display AM/FM CD player MP3/WMA playback capability 8-speakers auxiliary audio jack USB 2.0 port w/iPod connectivity and control advanced voice recognition hands-free phone capability phone book access and music streaming via Bluetooth wireless technology) connected navigation Scout GPS Link app Siri Eyes Free SiriusXM satellite radio w/3-month complimentary all access trial Gracenote album cover art HD Radio HD Radio traffic and weather in major metro areas and integrated backup camera display w/projected path
- Valet Function
- Manual Tilt/Telescoping Steering Column
- Air Filtration
- Cruise Control w/Steering Wheel Controls
- 1 LCD Monitor In The Front
- Instrument Panel Covered Bin Driver / Passenger And Rear Door Bins
- Low Fabric Seat Trim
Email UsSearch Toyota Carlsbad Inventory
(855) 270-0583
Get Directions
Visit Dealer Website Toyota Carlsbad
5424 Paseo Del Norte
Carlsbad, CA 92008
(855) 270-0583
Get Directions
Visit Dealer Website Toyota Carlsbad
5424 Paseo Del Norte
Carlsbad, CA 92008
|Body Style
|Sport Utility
|Exterior Color
|Magnetic Gray Metallic
|Interior Color
|Black Graphite
|Regular Unleaded V-6 4.0 L/241
|5-Speed Automatic w/OD
|Drive Type
|Fuel Type
|Gasoline Fuel
|Stock No.
Music FestivalFounded in 2003 by music composer Matt McBane, the Carlsbad Music Festival drawls many music enthusiast every year to ocean resort community of Carlsbad, CA. This annual musical event hosts many different types of composers and musicians from all genres of music. In 2010 the festival was honored by ASCAP with an award for adventurous programming. Every festival offers something for any music enthusiast. The eclectic sounds that occur create a perfect soundscape for the relaxed seaside town of Carlsbad.
MSRP excludes tax, license, registration, and options. MPG Based on current model year EPA mileage estimates. Use for comparison purposes only. Do not compare to models before 2008. Your actual mileage will vary depending on how you drive and maintain your vehicle.


text:
15% off on Best Available Rate (apply for direct bookings to hotel)
15% off on Food & Beverage at all restaurants and bars within the hotel
10% off on Spa treatment
07 Le Loi St., Huong Xuan Ward
Vinh Hy Village, Vinh Hai Commune
Ninh Hai District, Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam
Road 44, Long Hai Townlet
Le Lai St., Ward 5
Mui Ne beach, KM10, Ham Tien Ward
Quarter 5, Phu Hai Ward
Land Parcel No. 4, Map No. 44, Au Iset Eco-Tourism Urban Area, Hung Phu Ward, Cai Rang District, Can Tho City
38 Nguyen Dinh Chieu St.,
8 Cau May St.
230 Binh Duong Boulevard, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City
B2 Hung Vuong street, Hoa Phu Ward, Thu Dau Mot City
708 Nguyen Van Tu Street, Ward 7, Ben Tre City
Tuyen Lam Lake, Ward 4
19-23 Lam Son Square, Dist. 1
1D National Route,Bai Xep, 1 Area,Ghenh Rang Ward
6-8-10 Do Ba St., My An Ward, Ngu Hanh Son Dist.
58 Nguyen Dinh Chieu St., Ward Ham Tien
2 Tran Phu St., Ward 3
15 Tran Phu St., Ward 3
253 Nguyen Van Troi St., Phu Nhuan Dist.
Ong Lang Hamlet, Cua Duong Ward


text: Prentice, Yes. You may get flamed, but the US (and Canada) produce remarkable food per acre and per man-hour, compared to anyone else. Technology, the heavy industry and infrastructure for the tech to proliferate, fertilizer, irrigation, and a continent worth of arable land. Our food is actually pretty cheap. One guy breaking his back for an acre in the third world works the acre cheaper than we can, but he does not produce as much food per acre as we do, so he can't feed his neighbors. But to do this in the third world takes not just the technology, but the infrastructure to support it, and social changes. In a society where more food directly means more babies (because if more babies, there is a higher chance one of them will live long enough to take care of me in my old age), there can never be enough food. Alot has to change, socially, politically, technologically, industrially. Plus not everyone has as much arable land as in North America. Europe has all the tech but is older, more crowded, less arable land per capita. Everything is complicated. Peter On 6/25/08, Prentice Bisbal <prentice at ias.edu> wrote: > > > Vincent Diepeveen wrote: > >> > >> Some 3d world country managers are begging to adress this issue: "My > >> nations people die, > >> as your bio fuel raises our food prices, the poor are so poor here, > >> they use that stuff as food > >> and cannot afford it now". > > > <rant> > All this discussion of politics is completely off topic for this list, > but with all this talk about food shortages, I feel I need to state the > obvious facts that everyone overlooks. I'm sure I'll get flamed for > this, but I don't care: > > The United States alone produces enough grain to feed the entire world. > This was true when I was taught this in 3rd grade, and with modern > technology (genetic engineering, automated farm equipment, etc.), that > is even more true today. > > People are starving in other parts of the world because of political or > economic factors. There have been multiple cases of the US or UN > providing food to starving countries only to have the tyrannical > dictator hoard the food for his ruling class and not distribute it to > the general population. > > And then there's Myanmar... The government refused aid, and watched as > its people died, rather than accept help. > > Those are political examples. For economics, consider foreign > governments not bothering to provide aid to starving countries b/c that > country has nothing to offer in return. > > Watch the movie "Hotel Rwanda". I guarantee you that if Rwanda had > exploitable oil reserves, the US would have intervened almost > immediately. What happened there was *MUCH* worse than what the Iraqis > suffered under Hussein. The difference? Iraq has oil, and Rwanda does not. > > To reitierate: The US alone can produce more than enough grain to feed > the whole world. If people are starving, it's because of politics and > economics, not an inability of the world's farmer to grow enough crops. > > All this talk about biofuels causing people to starve is a load of crap. > I won't even speculate with BS like this originates. > > > >> > >> USA nor Europe can *never* produce that stuff as cheap as 3d world > >> countries can. > >> > > > Vincent, you are completely off-base here. The US (and the rest of the > modern world) can produce crops cheaper than anyone else. Modern > machinery, which 3rd world farmers don't have, reduce labor costs > drastically and can run around the clock. While human labor might be > significantly cheaper somewhere else, what 2 US farmers can accomplish > with modern machinery would take hundreds (thousands?) of manual > laborers to produce elsewhere. > > For example, John Deere make a tractor that runs on GPS. A farmer can > program it, and then let it do it's thing. Since it runs by GPS, it runs > itself 24 hours a day, doesn't miss any of the crop, nor overlap, for > maximum efficiency. Someone justs has to make sure it doesn't run out of > gas. That's much easier than hundreds of laborers swinging scyths > somewhere in Africa or Asia, and I bet it's much cheaper per pound of > grain produced per unit of time. > </rant> > > -- > > Prentice > > _______________________________________________ > Beowulf mailing list, Beowulf at beowulf.org > To change your subscription (digest mode or unsubscribe) visit > http://www.beowulf.org/mailman/listinfo/beowulf > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://www.beowulf.org/pipermail/beowulf/attachments/20080625/bebd497c/attachment.html>