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The Desire of Ages,
"Soldiers were at once sent to Bethlehem, with orders to put to death all the children of two years and under. The quiet homes of the city of David witnessed those scenes of horror that, six hundred years before, had been opened to the prophet. "In Ramah was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not."
This calamity the Jews had brought upon themselves. If they had been walking in faithfulness and humility before God, He would in a signal manner have made the wrath of the king harmless to them. But they had separated themselves from God by their sins, and had rejected the Holy Spirit, which was their only shield. They had not studied the Scriptures with a desire to conform to the will of God. "
What a lovely thought, really makes you feel the love, know what I mean? I think this is when I gave up my goal of reading every word she stole wrote. It was almost too close to call between this and her account of her baptism where she was inwardly sneering at a fellow baptisee who was wearing jewelry, somewhere in the Testimonies I believe. Lovely woman.
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To think I doubted my own goodness and sanity because I couldn't see the "beauty" and "inspiration" in this disgusting nonsense.
I would have to go with her illiterate and bigoted explanation for both human and non-human animal diversity:
Every species of animal which God had created were preserved in the ark. The confused species which God did not create, which were the result of amalgamation, were destroyed by the Flood. Since the Flood there has been amalgamation of man and beast, as may be seen in the almost endless varieties of species of animals, and in certain races of men. 3SG75
So which races would God deem worthy of destruction today?
Yes, that's a classic.
How in the world do we choose from such a nefarious number of quotes? I'm going to go with the following, as I am a strong supporter of science and evidence-based medicine:
"A physician who has the moral courage to peril his reputation in enlightening the understanding by plain facts, in showing the nature of disease and how to prevent it, and the dangerous practice of resorting to drugs, will have an up-hill business, but he will live and let live. He will not use his powerful drug medication, because of the knowledge he has acquired by studying books. ... Drugs are too often promised to restore health, and the poor sick are so thoroughly drugged with quinine, morphine, or some strong health-and life-destroying (word illegible), that nature may never make sufficient protest, but give up the struggle; and they may continue their wrong habits with hopeful impunity."4 (Ellen G. White, from EGW Exposed)
Dustin, very interesting question, especially as we just wrapped up Black History month. One of the church leaders, Uriah Smith, speculated in 1868 that such an amalgamation included "the wild Bushmen of Africa, some tribes of the Hottentots, and perhaps the Digger Indians.." Apparently James White endorsed the book quite heartily and he and Ellen sold or passed out these tract that very year (Ellen G. White Exposed, Amalgamation).
Matthew-I will tell you the truth, I didn't finish all of my required reading for either Pathfinders or my baptism, so I missed slogging through them all! I suppose if I had gotten all the way up to Master Guide, the way I intended, I would have had more to draw from.
Can we start a 'dumbest sayings from Ellen G. White' thread?
Can we start a 'dumbest sayings from Ellen G. White' thread?
Tiffany, are you trying to break the internet?:)
I never got very far either. I did read the whole Great Controversy. The sheer outrageousness of it transfixed me. My effort to read the Testimonies sputtered out early in vol. 2, after many shocks and insults in vol. 1. I actually enjoyed large parts of vol. 1, and found the stories of her perseverance through various hardships genuinely inspiring at the time.
Really long, but, TSB, page 68 on. Most of it is dancing around words, not wanting to actually say what happened, but it's clear enough between the lines. A pastor abusing young girls in his church. I'll bold the things that jumped out at me the first time I read it:
18. Child Abuse
Dear Brother: I have just read your letter dated April 26. May the Lord help me to write you the very words that will be for your restoration and not for your destruction.
I feel sorry, very sorry, for you. Sin, my brother, is sin; it is the transgression of the law, and should I try to lessen that sin before you I would not be doing you any good. You as a Christian receive harm to your own soul. Your whole religious experience is cheapened, and you cannot have faith and trust in God while you have unclean thoughts and defiled hands. The work needs to begin at the soul, and then it will work out in the character. Your mind and heart are polluted, else all such actions would be loathsome. It is a great sin, especially for one who professes to be preaching the gospel of Christ.
I have had this class of sins presented to me as producing moral defilement. What can the impression be upon those youth whose bodies you degrade by your actions? How can you be a shepherd of the sheep and lambs while corrupting their minds, and tainting and polluting their moral sense? Would you consider this matter as lightly as you have done should a minister of the gospel, as Elder W, do such things to your sisters or to your children? This is a crime in the sight of God and I cannot cover it over as a light matter. It is a Sodomitish sin. It is tainting and polluting in all its tendencies, and an abomination in the sight of a holy God. It is practicing iniquity. (125.1)
Any youth who would submit her body to be handled by a man is in no way fit for the kingdom of heaven. All this vile practice and commonness is what is ruining our youth. Would you practice this upon the body of your own child? Would you not consider it incest, discovering her nakedness? All who do such things are leading young women into abominable practices. I know what these things lead to. To lewdness, lustful practices. Consider how you must dishonor and degrade the truth. Oh, God hates all such sins. How could you do this and at the same time be preaching the Word to sinners--yourself a sinner?
I know how God regards these sins. A married man, a minister of the gospel, leading the lambs of the flock into Sodomitish practices. Now for Christ's sake do not again practice this wicked work and destroy your own soul and the souls of others. It is well that you have not been permitted to continue this awful polluting practice. It is no light sin. The effect upon the mind of the one who submits herself to your touch cannot be measured. Human beings are the Lord's property, and to do any action to corrupt them is a terrible insult to Jesus Christ, who gave His life for these precious souls, that they should not perish in their sins, but have everlasting life, and such actions may ruin the souls for whom Christ has died. Will you continue this work to ruin souls?
Looking unto Jesus who is the Author and Finisher of your faith, you will be of good courage in the Lord. We cannot but know that the end of all things is at hand. I come to you as a physician of souls; I tell you that it is not possible for you to act as a minister. What are you doing? Leading young women to the tree of knowledge of evil practices and teaching them to pluck the fruit which is only evil. This is doing Satan's work most effectually. It is poisoning minds and filling them with unholy
imaginings. (126.1)
These are the very sins which corrupted Sodom. Their evil practices did not come all at once. First one man and woman stupefied themselves by unholy, polluted habits. Then as inhabitants settled in Sodom, they did as you are doing, educating others in a line that is forbidden of God. And so as the inhabitants continued to multiply, these ministers of sin continued in educating them in their own defiling practices until if any person came into their midst their first thoughts were to educate them in their evil work, until Sodom became renowned for its pollutions. Their sins reached unto heaven, and the Lord would bear with them no longer. He destroyed them and all that was beautiful, that made it as a second Eden, for the earth was defiled under the inhabitants thereof.
These bodies that you tamper with are the purchased property of Jesus Christ. I knew this was your sin, but I knew also that if the truth was enthroned in your heart it would make this sin appear to you in its true enormity, for truth brought into the soul temple will expel lust and defilement from the heart. . . .
You say you did not commit adultery. God charges adultery against everyone who doeth these things, and all who will communicate these vile practices to another are polluting that soul with vile imaginations. Can you not see, can you not understand by your own experience, that you are leading youth into this habit of self abuse? You have given them the fruit of the tree of knowledge [of good and evil], and every evil communicated is causing them to partake of the fruit of the tree of knowledge [of good and evil], which God has forbidden to be eaten. . . .(127.1)
How can I frame words to express the enormity of this awful sin? How can I present it in such a manner that you will no longer look upon it, as you have done, as no great wrong? I have granddaughters, the children of my son, W. C. White. If I were forced to choose whether these children should be exposed to these temptations, educated in these evil practices, or be cut down by death, I would say, Let them die in their innocency. Let them not be corrupted by eating the apples of Sodom. . . .
If you will take hold of Christ by living faith, and humble your soul before Him, He will undertake your case and angels will guard you. But you must resist the devil. You must educate yourself to a different train of thought. Put no confidence in yourself. Never seek the companionship of women or girls. Keep away from them. Your moral taste is so perverted that you will ruin yourself and ruin many souls if you do not turn square about. Educate your mind to study the Word of God. Study it with your whole heart and pray much. Everlasting life is worth a lifelong, persevering, untiring effort. Educate that mind which you have misused and directed in wrong channels of thought. Educate it to dwell on the life, the character, and the lessons of Christ. . . .
Do not feel that the worst thing for you is to lose your credentials. You are not worthy to be entrusted with the care of the flock. You must know this without my
telling you. A little time of probation is still granted you; make the most of it in searching the Word. Every lost blessing is a great loss to you, but if you come into a right position before God you may now receive forgiveness for the past, but do not let your future life have the dark blot of the past. . . .(128.1)
You ask me if you shall make a public confession. I say, No. Do not dishonor the Master by making public the fact that one ministering in the Word could be guilty of such sin as you have committed. It would be a disgrace to the ministry. Do not give publicity to this matter by any means. It would do injustice to the whole cause of God. It would create impure thoughts in the minds of many even to hear these things repeated. Defile not the lips even by communicating this to your wife, to make her ashamed and bow her head in sorrow. Go to God and to the brethren who know this terrible chapter in your experience and say what you have to say, then let prayer be offered to God in your behalf. Cultivate sobriety. Walk carefully and prayerfully before God. Acquire moral stamina by saying, "I will not dishonor my Redeemer."--Letter 106a, 1896.
Transmitting Messages of Reproof. I am sorry that you feel injured because I let Brother A have a copy of the letter I sent to you. I did not do this to injure you in any way. You had yourself written me that you had made matters known to him concerning yourself and he thought you should confess the whole matter to the church. I thought that letter would prevent any such movement and keep the matter as private as possible.
I do not in any way favor his reading the matter to your mother. She has an abundance of sorrows to carry. I did not sanction any public exposure. I thought that the letter, which condemned the sin, also encouraged you to hope and trust in God. I supposed that it would help Brother A to help you. If it has added to your affliction, making matters any worse for you, I am sincerely sorry. (129.1)
Whenever I have written a message of reproof, I have always sent one copy to the minister who is officiating in the church, that he may have wisdom to recover such ones as are in danger through temptation, giving them such advice as they need. I also knew, under existing circumstances, that it would not be possible to give you credentials as a shepherd, recommending you to the confidence of the people, because knowing your course of action, if you should in any way be overcome, the Lord would make the conference guilty of the sin of which you are guilty.--Letter 120, 1897.
Wow, that sounds like something that could have been written by Pope Benedict.
I think we all can agree Jemand is the winner(?) What a dreadful, deplorable, despicable human being. Words simply fail me...I am horrified.
this may be where the church/white estate is more to blame than the author, i think. the "thoughts on sexual behavior" (if i remember right, otherwise please correct me) isn't something she published but something that the white estate compiled/published. if so, they turned a private letter-something that shows she was no better (perhaps no worse?) than the prevailing morality of her time, and something that wasn't intended to be public--into supposed godly advice for the general public.
don't get me wrong--what she wrote was horrible! but even more horrible is the white estate holding up shameful secret advice as inspired moral counsel for all time and everybody.
Yes... but I'm kind of, in a weird way, glad they did... until I saw this I was trying to keep her on the pedestal and make excuses and try to avoid the horrible implications of her advice.
To be honest, I looked this up while with a friend trying to find counsel for dealing with childhood sexual abuse in her past... the idea that she was fit for hell because she "submitted," the idea she would have been better off dead, and the idea that above all, whatever happened should be covered up and no justice found-- that hit hard. As was the basic idea that it was wrong because a "temptation," not a violation, that there was absolutely nothing different in this than masturbation, in fact it seems that the "temptation" to masturbate after this experience was perhaps of more concern to Ellen White when thinking of the victims than the violation at the hands of a trusted pastor. It was wrong because it was extra-marital sexual behavior, primarily, NOT because it was an abuse of power.
Well that was the end of my friend or I believing in Ellen White's "inspiration."
I don't know about the rest of society in the late 1890's, whether this was par for the course or not.
I don't know, though, why this letter doesn't have wider currency. All sorts of websites online (usually other evangelical fundamentalists) go on and on about whatever "unbiblical" stuff Ellen White said, the amalgamation quote is relatively commonly known, but even when I was searching online for the exact wording of the quote I remembered, nowhere that I found was talking about how bad this was, the only mention of it I found at all was in an online copy of, I think it's "Testimonies on Sexual Behavior" actually, but that's the only place the quote came up.
The Ellen White estate has had quite a time with the cases of plagiarism, etc. This is one example of Ellen White's views that is, like you say not necessarily meant as inspired, but shows a window into a morality that is abhorrent. And yet as far as I know, they've never been called to account or to explain it away, or anything. Or even justify, like you say, collating it into a published work (I haven't confirmed when or who compiled TSB or how much Ellen White approved of such compilations). Like I said, I found it by accident while trying to find guidance for dealing with sexual abuse... wonder how many others did.
It is indeed instructive to note how EGW consistently ends up on the wrong side of every question of the last 150 years or so. Not to mention reason, compassion, and simple ethics. Slavery is the one exception I can think of, and even then...
TSB is a twisted book, and as you note, not even her fault. The White Estate took a bunch of quotes out of context and applied them to things that EGW was quite ignorant of, even more than usual. What concept of homosexuality could she have had, for example? And yet that doesn't stop the White Estate from using her as a ventriloquist's dummy to pontificate on this late 20th/early 21st century hot button issue.
yeah. To be fair, she also spoke out against animal cruelty... so that and slavery, but for someone who supposedly spoke to god, for those to be both justified by bullshit health reasons (vitalism, phrenology, for the animal case, I doubt she'd have given it a thought if not for the vegetarianism thing), or contaminated by other racist bullshit (amalgamation), well, not really looking inspired afterall.
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National Ugly Sweater Day is December 19, 2017 and we wanted to celebrate with an Ugly Sweater 5K and 10K! This year's charity will be FEED MY STARVING CHILDREN.
When: Complete your race any time between December 1 and December 31, 2017. Even better if you do it on Ugly Sweater Day: December 19.
Where: You choose the course and you time yourself (you'll report your finishing time to us).
Why: Because we want as many people as we can get to virtually run (or walk) a 5K or 10K and then go out and get in the holiday season! We will be donating a portion of each registration fee (at least 15% of each registration) to FEED MY STARVING CHILDREN.
Cost: $17. Includes custom medal and bib that will be shipped directly to you. Plus, at least 15% of every entry will be donated to Feed My Starving Children. *We are in no way affiliated with this charity, we like to choose a different charity for each of our races and are happy to raise funds for them. Medals will ship out within 2 to 5 days of signing up.
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Customer review: I like to have these on hand for birthday cards. They make the cards fabulous!
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Dazzle em! Give cards, layouts and tags a unique touch of shine with this dazzling assortment of fun silver stickers. Youll have the look of a heat-embossed imagebut all you do is peel and stick! This 4x9 sheet has 17 stickers, including all the elements to create an elegant card, pretty page or terrific tag: Focals, borders, corners and smaller accent pieces. Even better, your Dazzles also come packaged with an idea sheet showing a finished card idea, additional ideas for using Dazzles, how to use the Dazzles Transfer Sheet to make your Dazzles sheet do double-duty plus step-by-step photos.
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Israel News - Stay Informed, Pray Informed
Demand for gas masks in Israel quadrupled on Tuesday as reports poured in that the US and Britain were just days away from attacking Syria over its use of chemical weapons against civilian populations.
Commercial airline pilots told British newspaper the Guardian that they had spotted a large number of military aircraft converging on the British air force base in Cyprus, just 100 miles from Syria.
At the same time, US Secretary of State John Kerry publicly denounced the regime of Syrian dictator Bashar Assad, and his boss, President Barack Obama, reportedly ordered his advisors to draft a document justifying military action against Syria without a UN mandate.
In the shadow of this looming threat, Israel's Channel 2 News reported that the families of leading Syrian politicians and military figures were fleeing the country.
Meanwhile, the Assad regime again threatened that any Western attack on Syria would result in a Syrian assault on neighboring Israel. Syria's Deputy Information Minister Halaf Al-Maftah said that in such a scenario, Israel would face not only Syria, but a coalition that also included Iran, Iraq, Lebanon and various terrorist organizations.
Syria is believed to have one of the largest chemical weapons arsenals in the world, and if it has used these weapons against its own population, there is concern it would have no problem employing them against the hated "Zionist entity."
However, Israeli military officials reiterated that Syria was unlikely to take any serious direct action against the Jewish state. Israel's response to any major Syrian attack would be crushing, and the Assad regime knows that it could not survive a war against the combined forces of the US, UK and Israel.
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H. P. Lovecraft
Howard Phillips Lovecraft (August 20, 1890 – March 15, 1937) was an amateur publisher and author of horror, fantasy and science fiction, especially the subgenre known as weird fiction.
Lovecraft's guiding literary principle was what he termed "cosmicism" or "cosmic horror", the idea that life is incomprehensible to human minds and that the universe is fundamentally alien. Those who genuinely reason, like his protagonists, gamble with sanity. As early as the 1940s, Lovecraft's work had developed a cult following for his Cthulhu Mythos, a series of loosely interconnected fiction featuring a pantheon of humanity-nullifying entities, as well as the Necronomicon, a fictional grimoire of magical rites and forbidden lore. His works were deeply pessimistic and cynical, challenging the values of the Enlightenment, Romanticism, Humanism and Christianity. Lovecraft's protagonists usually achieve the juxtaposition of traditional gnosis and mysticism by momentarily glimpsing the horror of ultimate reality and the abyss.
Although Lovecraft's readership was limited during his life, his reputation has grown over the decades, and he is now regarded as one of the most influential horror writers of the 20th century. According to Joyce Carol Oates, Lovecraft — as with Edgar Allan Poe in the 19th century — has exerted "an incalculable influence on succeeding generations of writers of horror fiction".
Lovecraft's themes and ideas have had a profound effect on culture and literature in general, and have embedded themselves into the foundation that is used for horror associated with the strange.
Lovecraft contributed to many fanzines and amateur press publications during his lifetime. His appearances in fanzines continued after his death, as many of his associates and correspondents were fanzine editors, and had either received contributions before his death, or were his collaborators. other fanzines were devoted to his work. His presence in science fiction, fantasy and horror fanzines has been continuous since his death, right up to the present day. However, beginning in the 1970s, fanzines considered "Lovecraftian" began to emerge. It was at this time that the Amateur Press Association, or APA, called the Esoteric Order of Dagon began, a quarterly mailing consisting entirely of fanzines devoted to H. P. Lovecraft and his circle. Since then many more fanzines have emerged that unabashedly reference Lovecraft, coming from not just the science fiction, fantasy and horror genres, but also various music genres, such as punk and hardcore, as well as literary and poetry zines. Lovecraft's influence can be said to be pervasive among zine publishers, as this list ofian zines attests to.
(Contributions made during H. P. Lovecraft's lifetime)


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David, Regarding your concerns <David> Any required fetching of data by intermediaries, is potentially problematical since: a) there is no way of knowing how large the data is b) it would require the intermediary to know if fetching out-of-band data was required for a particular message instance and this might vary from instance to instance, c) the sender of the message may not know the capabilities of the intermediaries a message will pass through and therefore will not be able to tell an intermediary whether to resolve the reference </David> It seems to me that the primary case when an intermediary would fetch remote content referenced by a URI is where the URI reference occurs in a header addressed to that intermediary. In those cases it may be required to do so and I don't see how or why it should be avoided. Also, on a related note, I hope the current requirements allow for the URIs used to name intermediaries (actor URIs in SOAPspeak) to actually name classes of intermediaries (caching server, notification broker, etc) rather than always being required to name specific XP processors. I haven't followed the requirements discussions carefully so if this issue has already been discussed and decided, I apologize for this "out of band" comment. Satish -----Original Message----- From: Burdett, David [mailto:email@example.com] Sent: Friday, December 08, 2000 2:35 PM To: 'Paul Denning'; firstname.lastname@example.com Subject: RE: [DR008] - passing arbitrary content A few detailed comments and suggestion for a DR008. 1. Re making the definition of arbitrary content part of the transport protocol binding. I have one concern over this, in that you might find that the same message needs to transported over multiple different transport protocols in order to get from its starting point to its final destination. If the message is also digitally signed so as to bind the "arbitrary content" to the XP headers, then moving from one transport protocol to another might result in the signature being broken unless the two protocol bindings, that have been independently written, are consistent. Now you might be able to get around this if you say that only XML Signature can be used, but I think it would be safer, and easier, if the method of including arbitrary content was transport protocol indpendent and defined in only one place. There is then the question of whether this should be in the base XP spec on in some supplementary spec. 2. Re fetching out-of-band data that is externally referenced. Paul said ... "How should XP specify whether the intermediary should fetch the data or pass the reference? It may be that the Ultimate XP receiver would prefer that the intermediary fetch the data, and the original XP sender may not really care." Any required fetching of data by intermediaries, is potentially problematical since: a) there is no way of knowing how large the data is b) it would require the intermediary to know if fetching out-of-band data was required for a particular message instance and this might vary from instance to instance, c) the sender of the message may not know the capabilities of the intermediaries a message will pass through and therefore will not be able to tell an intermediary whether to resolve the reference So I think the better approach is for intermediaries to simply pass references and not resolve them. When the message reaches its final destination, then the XP processor at that end might retrieve it, but again it really depends on the message instance, and could vary from message to message. Anyway resolving of reference by the destination XP processor is really an implementation decision and therefore should not be in the spec anyway. So my suggestion for a requirement for DR008 would be along the lines of ... >>>"Support the passing of any data that can be represented in electronic form either "by value" i.e. within the XP enevelope, "by local reference", i.e. to data transported at the same time and in the same message as the XP envelope, or "by external reference" to data held on the web or elsewhere.<<< If we did this then section 4.1 should perhaps be renamed "Handling of Any Data". Thoughts? David -----Original Message----- From: Paul Denning [mailto:email@example.com] Sent: Friday, December 08, 2000 12:39 PM To: email@example.com Subject: RE: [DR008] - passing arbitrary content A number of thoughts came to mind reading Oisin's message and others in this thread. At 02:58 PM 2000-12-06, Oisin Hurley wrote: > > [DR6xx] Arbitrary content (to include binary data) outside the > > XP message shall be accommodated by the protocol binding or in > > a manner completely independent of that XP message. > >Um, I'm still trying to make out why 'Arbitrary content' is different >from 'application specific content' - they are both arbitrary and >scope free to my mind. If you agree, then then let me remind you >of the text of R700a: I agree that "application specific content" and "arbitrary content" are the same, and we should pick one term and use it consistently in the requirement document. >"The XP specification must define a mechanism or mechanisms that >allow applications to submit application-specific content or information > for delivery by XP. Does "for delivery by XP" imply part of the XP envelope? Or by the same transport to which XP is bound? I agree that the solution to the requirement may be to use a URI within the XP envelope to refer to data that is either local (i.e., same transport binding, for example, using cid: or mid:), or remote (using a different protocol binding, or the same protocol but a different session, for example, http://<some-other-host>). But these are solutions, not requirements. >In forming the standard for the mechanisms, the XP > specification may consider support for: The word "may" is weak language. The desire by some for a Normative approach to this "content" is why I suggested a new DR. The XP specification "must" support referring to application specific payloads outside the XP envelope. I suggested DR6xx because the of the language in the SOAP with Attachments proposal [1], which clearly places this in the transport binding. If we're not going to make MIME the XP envelope, then allocating the details to the protocol binding (IMHO) makes sense. I don't understand Henry's comment concerning http as the only normative binding. This proposed requirement would apply to other bindings. If someone defines an SMTP binding, then "Arbitrary content (to include binary data) outside the XP message shall be accommodated by the protocol binding" still applies. The binding used for the XP message (e.g., HTTP) may be the only binding available to the client. Although "URI" covers both local and remote cases, I'm saying that any binding needs to define the local case. This implies that such a limited client would not be able to support XP-based applications that depend on "Arbitrary content (to include binary data) outside the XP message, which is completely independent of that XP message". Is it not redundant to say "outside the XP message" and "completely independent of that XP message"? My original wording (without the phrase "or in a manner completely independent of that XP message.") was not intended to preclude normative definition of Arbitrary content (to include binary data) "inside" the XP message. This requirement would not be in the "protocol binding" section of the requirement document, since it would be inside the XP message. An XP module "may" refer to arbitrary content independent of the protocol binding (or instance thereof) used to carry the XP envelope. That is, minimal compliance to XP would require arbitrary content outside the XP message but inside the instance of the protocol binding used to carry the XP message. If initially the XP spec only defines an HTTP binding, then it would define how this is done in an interoperable way. Any updates to the XP spec or separate protocol binding specs should comply with the XP requirement document's section on protocol bindings. > - carrying application specific payloads inside the XP envelope, > - referring to application specific payloads outside the XP envelope, > - carrying nested XP envelopes as application specific data within the > XP envelope, > - referring to XP envelopes as application specific data outside the XP > envelope" > >especially I'd like to draw your attention to bullet point number two. > >Also, I'm not sure I agree with tying the extension mechanism to the >protocol, >that doesn't feel right at all. Maybe you mean that there should be a way >to map the extension mechanism to different wire representations, depending >on the transport protocol - that I could go for. Example, an XP message >might travel via HTTP and include an ftp hyperlink to the extension data >(this is a valid use case). >If this XP message then goes through an >intermediary >that decides to change the protocol to SMTP, then the extension data could >be fetched and mapped to a MIME attachment. Or the intermediary could simply pass the reference along rather than fetch it. How should XP specify whether the intermediary should fetch the data or pass the reference? It may be that the Ultimate XP receiver would prefer that the intermediary fetch the data, and the original XP sender may not really care. How does the XP receiver tell XP senders whether or not to fetch out-of-band data and put it in-band (or take in-band data, cache it, and pass a reference to the cached data)? >I'm saying the extension >mechanism >that we standardize is the same in both cases, just the mapping to the >transport protocols is different. The intermediary will have to understand >that >it must get the extension data to pass it on, but because it implicitly >supports >the HTTP mapping then it should know how to do so. > >In summary, I think that the solution to this requirement requires more >thought >rather than the requirement itself. > > cheers > --oh > >-- >ohurley at iona dot com >+353 1 637 2639 [1] http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/xml-dist-app/2000Dec/0062.html [2] http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-vaudreuil-esmtp-binary2-03.txt [3] http://www.w3.org/2000/xp/Group/xp-reqs-03#N3010 PaulReceived on Saturday, 9 December 2000 18:12:32 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.1 : Tuesday, 6 January 2015 22:01:11 UTC


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Price (US$):
$215 - $234 / night
Location. Belmont House is located in Montevideo and near the airport. Oceanographic Museum, Montevideo Shopping Mall, and World Trade Center are… more »
Punta del Este Arenas Hotel & Resort
Price (US$):
$134 - $245 / night
Location. Punta del Este Arenas Hotel & Resort is located near the beach in Punta del Este and close to La Chihuahua Natural Beach and Solanas… more »
Sheraton Colonia Golf & Spa Resort
Price (US$):
$250 - $251 / night
Location. Sheraton Colonia Golf & Spa Resort is located on the beach in Colonia del Sacramento, close to Spanish Museum, Indian Museum, and… more »
Price (US$):
$480 - $580 / night
Location. Located in Carmelo, Four Seasons Resort Carmelo is a business friendly hotel on a river. Hotel Features. Dining options at Four Seasons… more »
Price (US$):
$750 - $1050 / night
Location. Hotel Fasano Punta del Este is located on the beach in Punta del Este and attractions in the region include Mansa Beach, Brava Beach,… more »
Uruguay is a country in South America. It has a South Atlantic Ocean coastline and lies between Argentina to the west and Brazil to the north. It is the second-smallest country in South America (after Suriname).
The name Uruguay means river of the colorful birds. It is related to the name Guyana: Arawak Guayana, land of many waters.
Often called the Switzerland of South America not for geographical features but for a stable democracy and social benefits such as free education. In 2002 Uruguay faced one of its biggest economic crises which had very negative effects on crime, and although the activity levels in 2008 were at pre crisis levels, crime is sill relatively high, but still low for the region. Long a desired country for immigration, Uruguay has been suffering from high levels of emigration for almost four decades, mainly of highly trained workers and people with high level studies (brain drain) seeking better opportunities abroad.
Uruguay has a rich agricultural and civic history among its indigenous people. The dominant pre-20th century live stock driving techniques are still utilized in some areas, and are less visited tourist attractions than the pleasant beaches and city centers. The country has a mostly low-lying landscape. Cerro Catedral, the country's highest point, is 514 m high.
Subtropical. Due to the absence of nearby mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts.
A Marxist urban guerrilla movement, the Tupamaros, launched in the late 1960s, led Uruguay's president to agree to military control of his administration in 1973. By the end of the year the rebels had been crushed, but the military continued to expand its hold throughout the government, with widespread torture of political opponents. Civilian rule was not restored until 1985. Uruguay's political and labor conditions are among the most free on the continent. In 2004, a leftist coalition which included the Tupamaros won elections which left them in control of both houses of congress, the presidency, and most city and regional governments.
Beaches on the Atlantic Ocean:
Birdwatching in Rocha touristic "estancias".
Holders of passports (or MERCOSUR ID cards) from the following countries can enter without a visa: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, South Korea, Chile, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Ecuador, El Salvador, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Latvia, Lichtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, New Zealand, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal , Dominican Republic, Czech Republic, Romania, South Africa, Seychelles, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela. Travellers from other countries should contact the local consular section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs . But usually Uruguay has its borders open to tourists and visitors from all countries and it is quite easy to get in or out.
Pluna (the Uruguayan carrier) and Iberia have connecting flights from São Paulo, Asunción, Santiago de Chile and Madrid.
There are other companies that also have flights to Montevideo. American Airlines has a non-stop flight from Miami to Montevideo. The flight is 4 times a week and runs all year round, the other three days it connects via Buenos Aires (EZE). Most long haul flights from Montevideo stop in Buenos Aires, Santiago, or São Paulo before going on.
Iberia, the Spanish airline also provides very regular flights between Europe and Uruguay, and LAN connects to Australia and New Zealand via Chile.
There are limited commuter train services around Montevideo. There are some tourist trains which do not have a fixed schedule. You need to find announcements for them at the Montevideo train station. There is no regular long distance train service. The most usual means of public transport is the bus (inside Montevideo inner buses and from Montevideo to other main cities of the country).
The highways are in good shape. Speed limit is 90 km/hour to 110 km/hour on most of them but it's not enforced. Most people go about 120 km/h and slow down a little when they see a highway patrol car! The main highway is the one that goes from Montevideo to Punta Del Este (main tourist city of Uruguay), it is double lane from both sides. However this is strange since most of the highways are single lane and therefore you should take precautions when driving long distances (a "long distance" in Uruguay is 500 km max), trying to pass another car. Always keep your distance from the car in front of you. Signaling is good enough. Take notice of the emergency phone numbers on the highways and keep them noted. Uruguay is not a dangerous country, but since it is mostly agricultural if your car breaks down it can take you a while for you to walk to a phone. It is recommended to carry a cell phone with you, cell phone coverage by Ancel (the state company and main provider) is pretty decent. In Uruguay drive on the right. You should have the "carta verde" licence to drive in Uruguay, you can find it in the embassy.
There are many buses running from the Brazilian cities of Porto Alegre, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Bus service is very extended and there are many services that run from Montevideo to different cities across the country. Terminal Tres Cruces , Agencia Central and Terminal Ciudad Vieja are the three main hubs. Travel by bus is very safe. International Services are available to Sao Paulo, Porto Alegre, (Brazil), most of the Argentinian Provinces (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Mendoza, Entre Rios), Asuncion (Paraguay) and Santiago de Chile (Chile). The service is catered and buses have an outstanding level of service, much better than the average European service.
Bus service to Buenos Aires has been made much longer due to the ongoing conflict between Uruguay and Argentina over a cellulose plant built on the Uruguayan side of the boarder at Frey Bentos. Because of the conflict the bridge has been blocked, and will remain blocked until the conflict is resolved. For this reason it's much better to take the ferry from colonia rather than do the whole trip via bus.
The Buquebus ferry service operates between Buenos Aires, Argentina, and both Colonia del Sacramento and Montevideo, Uruguay. Some services continue from there to Punta del Este. For the Buquebus-Ferry from Buenos Aires to Colonia del Sacramento there are two options. One takes three hours and the other one hour to get there. A ticket to Montevideo for the three-hour ferry is about 147 A$ (03/2010) and 190 A$ (03/2010) for the fast one.
Colonia Express operates between Buenos Aires and Colonia by one hour ferry and then by bus to Montevideo. Ticket prices to Montevideo from 149 A$ (03/2010) or even cheaper in special web offers.
Seacat Colonia operates as well between Buenos Aires and Colonia by one hour ferry and then by bus to Montevideo and Punta del Este. Ticket prices to Montevideo from 142 A$ (03/2010).
Uruguay has an extensive internal bus system. Non-local / departmental buses leave from the Tres Cruces station which also serves the international buses. The buses are frequent and many companies serve the same routes.
Taxis in Uruguay are safe and fairly affordable, costing about $2 USD per km. All taxis in Uruguay use meters and have fixed costs.
In rural areas hitch hiking is fairly common and as safe as hitching is anywhere. Uruguay has the lowest level of violent crime in Latin America outside Cuba. If you are female don't hitch hike alone. Play it safe but it's more likely that the car is going to crash (1 in 100 chance) than something bad is going to happen.
La Mano- Punta del Este Castillo de Piria- Piriápolis Mercado del Puerto- Montevideo
Spanish is spoken everywhere. The pronunciation and the use of the vos pronoun instead of tú is practically identical to the Spanish variety spoken in Argentina. Examples of "vos" and the different verbs forms can be found at Voseo Spanish .
Portuñol (or Brasilero) is a mixture of Portuguese and Spanish used on the Brazilian border.
Amerindian traits can be found everywhere in Uruguayan culture, from cuisine to vocabulary.(But there is no amerindian population left)
Althought most Uruguayans have studied English at school, they do not actually speak or use it. However, some Uruguayans have studied English at private institutes, so they can speak it well. Outside Montevideo and Punta del Este there are few English speakers. You will find English spoken in most tourist spots (shopping centers and in Punta del Este) and some restaurants will probably have English-speaking staff.
One of the best experiences to have while your stay at Uruguay is to watch a game between Penarol and Nacional, two of the most followed football teams in the nation.
The Uruguayan currency is the peso. Prices are often quoted using the U$ symbol, which may be easily confused with the US$ (US dollar) symbol. As of March 2010,
Prices in Uruguay are not considerably lower than in the US or Western Europe. Compared to Argentina is between 20 and 30 % more expensive.
Popular items to buy include yerba mate gourds and antiques.
Prices: Uruguayan cuisine is typical for temperate countries, high on butter, fat, and grains, low on spice. If you are from the Mediterranean, you will find it bland, but if you come from the Northern Europe, Russia or the US, you won't have trouble getting used to it.
There are many public markets where you can get a hundred varieties of meat. Vegetarians can order ravioli just about anywhere.
Empanadas (hand-sized meat or cheese pies) make an excellent portable, inexpensive, and delicious snack or lunch. You can find them easily at many corner bakeries.
At bars the local specialty is gramajo, a dish made of fried potatoes, eggs, and ham. If you ask they can make it without the ham. One dish that should not be missed is chivito, a heart-attack-on-a-platter sandwich that combines a combination of excellent Uruguayan meat, tomato, lettuce, onion, eggs, ham, bacon, mozzarella cheese and mayonnaise and fries. The meat is excellent, "asado" is typical from Uruguay (try it at the "del Puerto" market, in Montevideo); the fish and other sea food is good.
For desserts, dulce de leche, a kind of caramel, is found in all manner of confections, from ice cream to alfajores (dulce de leche-filled cookie sandwiches).
Yerba Mate is widely drunk on the streets, but can hardly be ordered in restaurants. You may have to buy a package at a super mercado and make your own. The drinking gourds are widely available and range from economical to super-luxe silver and horn. Yerba Mate is a social drink. If you are with a group of Uruguayans they will probably not offer you any because they assume that foreigners do not like the bitter taste. If you try some it will make everybody happy.
Uruguay is also acquiring a reputation for its fine wines, especially those made from the Tannat grape.
For nature lovers, birdwatchers, and those seeking a respite from the fast-paced world, there are many "estancias" in serene and peaceful environments, surrounded by many species of native and migrating birds, which offer an unique opportunity to reconnect with nature.
There are many more beach houses to rent along the coast than actual hotel rooms. They are plentiful, and outside the high season affordable. During the first two weeks of January it's impossible to find anything, every cottage and hotel room is booked months in advance.
There are numerous English language schools which are looking for native speakers as teachers. They can arrange papers or pay teachers under the table. The pay is not good, but enough to live on in Montevideo. Work permits are not particularly difficult to obtain and Uruguay lets you convert a tourist visa to a work visa without leaving the country. Residency visas without permission to work simply require you prove access to $500 USD a month. Work permits are not particularly hard to get.
Precautions should be taken. Montevideo provides the highest opportunity for a run-in with pickpockets. However, Uruguay is one of the most secure countries in the region.
In an emergency, call 911 or 999.
Tap water is safe to drink in all major cities. The Hospital Britanico (British Hospital), SUMMUM and BlueCross & BlueShield Uruguay have an European-quality service and they are clean and efficient. Asociación Española, Medica Uruguaya and CASMU are the largest healthcare companies in Uruguay and they have an European-quality level Just don't make any unwise drinking decisions.
Uruguay is a socially progressive country. Women got the vote in Uruguay 12 years before France. Uruguay is a secular state unlike Argentina, Chile or Paraguay; the Uruguayan state has not supported any religion since 1917. The population is mainly Catholic, but not very practicing.
Uruguay is not particularly open to its gay and lesbian communities in comparison to Brazil. There are a few gay and lesbian bars in Montevideo and in Punta del Este, but outside those two cities there is no public "queer" community. The only public monument to sexual diversity is in Ciudad Vieja (the old city). However, it was the first Latin American country to pass a civil union law and is considered to be safe and welcoming to gay and lesbian visitors. Civil unions are legal in Uruguay, which convey the full rights of marriage, and there is currently a law in the works to legalize full gay and transgendered marriage. Even in rural areas gay travelers and expats experience little overt discrimination.
Uruguayans are somewhat sensitive about their relationships with Argentina; avoid comparing them to Argentines. The similarly sounding country Paraguay has very little in common with Uruguay.


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Tag: Our Unlived Life
5 An Update From Dean Davidson
Former Britny Fox Singer Dean Davidson sent out the following update today!
Hello my friends 🙂
Hope all is well with you! I'll be recording through the summer into the fall with Engineer / Producer Jim Salamone. The new debut album is Titled "OUR UNLIVED LIFE" with 11 new songs. Also my 2007 cd release "DRIVE MY KARMA" will be re-released and repackaged with new photos and new cd booklet design. Both albums will be available everywhere. Drive my Karma will be released on the same Indie record label as the New Debut Release "OUR UNLIVED LIFE". so stay tuned for release dates.
On July 30th 2010 the full story will be up on my website http://www.deandavidson…com so check that out and tell your friends!
Porter Productions will be putting together the music film "BLACK COFFEE" Diredted by Matt Porter. Matt has been collecting film footage since 1993. New Interview footage, studio footage of the new album "our unlived life" and the full story from Laurie's family and Dean, of the passing of Deans fiance Laurie Merritt. The highs and lows of the music business, the music Industry of the 80's vs 2010. also photos of Deans first band "Kapture" from 1974… The film will be approximately 135 min long, Directed by Matt Porter.
Ok my friends, I'll stop back with the latest on the recording of my new album "OUR UNLIVED LIFE"
Much love & peace 🙂


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Resources >> Browse Articles >> Career Advancement
Immediate Openings: Role Models and Mentors
Laura Wisniewski RN, BS, CIC
Nursing profession seeking exceptional candidates from all generations, cultures and specialty areas. The ideal applicant possesses the following skills and characteristics: future oriented, global thinker, change agent, dedicated to life long learning, enthusiastic, empathetic listener, self aware and derives satisfaction from helping others learn and grow. Sense of humor essential.
Comprehensive benefits package: Flexible hours, design your own working conditions, with excellent potential for long and short term relationships. Unlimited opportunities to positively impact individuals, organizations and future generations. Apply now.
The status of role model is awarded to an individual by someone else, often without their awareness. Encounters may be brief, intermittent or extended over a period of time. The role model exhibits certain skills or behaviors that are emulated by another. It is possible to have several role models at the same time. It is also possible to be a role model to many individuals.
Preceptors are experienced staff members that assist in the training of new nurses during orientation. The role of preceptor is an assigned one-to-one relationship for a pre-set time limit. The focus is real world application and evaluation. Many preceptors are excellent role models and go on to become mentors.
A mentor is a wise counselor or a career role model to emulate. Classic mentoring is a voluntary relationship between two people that develops over time. Two factors must exist in order for mentoring to occur. First, the mentor must see potential in the protégé and be willing to help develop that potential. Second, the protégé values the mentor's experience and wishes to learn from the mentor. Mentoring fosters collegial relationships, enhances self esteem, and promotes professional development.
The demand for role models and mentors in nursing has never been greater. Experts predict a shortfall of 500,000 to 1 million nurses in the United States by the year 2020. A combination of economic and social factors account for the current nursing shortage. Aging Baby Boomers are placing an unprecedented demand on health care. The largest demographic group of nurses is comprised of women from the Baby Boomer generation; many of which plan to retire within the next decade. The nursing profession has continued to struggle to attract younger generations, men, and minorities. There is also a severe shortage of nursing instructors and qualified applicants are being turned away from nursing schools.
The transfer of nursing knowledge is a complex experiential process. Nursing skills cannot safely be learned by trial and error. In order to advance through Benner's nursing skill development stages, from novice to expert, nurses need the guidance of other nurses. Upon hire into an organization graduate nurses are provided an initial orientation period with a preceptor. However, it takes 2-3 years of experience in the same practice setting to become a competent practitioner. Many new nurses are exiting their positions or the profession before ever reaching this level. The reasons cited most often for leaving are lack of training and support.


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The camera-enabled cellular phone market is booming, as shipments are expected to reach nearly 1 billion units by the end of this decade, according to a new report.
In total, the market for camera-enabled cellular phones is expected to grow from 225 million units in 2004, to 365 million units in 2005, to 475 million in 2006, to 600 million in 2007, to 780 million by 2008, according to the report from IC Insights Inc. (Scottsdale, Ariz.).
Clearly, camera phones are becoming a bigger part of the overall handset market. In 2005, some 45 percent of all handsets shipped are expected to be camera-enabled products, up from 34 percent in 2004, according to the report.
In 2006, 54 percent of all handsets shipped will be camera-enabled phones, according to the report. In 2007, 62 percent of all handsets shipped will be camera-enabled phones, according to the report. And in 2008, some 68 percent of all handsets shipped will be camera-enabled products, according to the report.
By 2009, camera-equipped cellular phones are forecast to represent almost three-fourths of the total handset market. At that time, camera-enabled handset shipments are expected to reach 910 million units, according to the report.
There are other interesting patterns developing in the marketplace. Historically, Japanese cellular subscribers have been especially receptive to more features added to their handsets.
The cellular handset market in Japan is up 27 percent to 52 million units in 2005, as compared to 2002, according to the report. The Japanese digital-camera-equipped cell phone market has more than doubled, growing from 19 million units in 2002 to 47 million units in 2005, according to the report.
"Although the Japanese market was the 'early adopter' of the camera phone, it is estimated that the Japanese market will represent only about 13 percent of the total demand for camera-equipped handsets in 2005, down from 95 percent just three years earlier in 2002," according to IC Insights. "One of the pleasant surprises in the cellular phone industry over the past couple of years has been the significant popularity of the camera phone outside of Japan."
Moreover, the quality of the camera in the cellular handset is increasing dramatically. In early 2002, most camera phones offered 300,000-pixel images. Then, in 2004, Japan's Casio introduced a camera-equipped cellular phone that offered 3.2 million pixel autofocus imaging capability.
Korea's Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. began shipping its SCH-770, the world's first 7.4 million-pixel camera-equipped cell phone in mid-2005. This handset was priced at over $900.
The high-resolution versions of camera phones are forecast to go from representing only about 4 percent of the 2004 camera phone market to almost 95 percent of the market by 2009, according to IC Insights.


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Welcome to our series of downloadable step-by-step exercises for building your own high-quality images for worship. Each free tutorial download comes complete with source images and a PDF document containing specific instructions on how to create a professional-quality image for worship in Adobe Photoshop/Elements.
This tutorial outlines in specific detail how to create the classic look of highly textured, antique parchment paper. It is a step-by-step breakdown of the same graphic available for purchase here. Try it out on your own and share it with your friends in ministry.
NOTE: You must be logged in with a free Midnight Oil web account to access this free tutorial. Once you are logged in the download link will appear below:


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16x25x1 AIRx HEALTH Air Filter - MERV 13
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If you want to the ultimate solution to air quality concerns in your home, this is the air filter for you! The charged synthetic media in the filter attracts and captures very small particles that can irritate your lungs. We offer a convenient shopping experience with air conditioner filters and furnace filters in your size. We'll deliver your filters right to your front door!
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You Won't Believe What Bernard Tomic Said To A Spectator
Bernard Tomic has made a disgusting comment towards a US Open spectator during his first round match against Damir Dzumhur.
Tomic has sparked a fresh controversy at Flushing Meadows after struggling during the opening sets of his match against the world No. 72.
The Aussie 23-year-old appeared to be annoyed at something said to him by a spectator sitting at the back of the Old Grandstand Practice Court 6 late in the first set.
"I will put my balls in your mouth" and "I will give you some money to make you feel good". Quotes: Bernard Tomic pic.twitter.com/sxGoyON0MU— Alex (@tennisguru100) August 30, 2016
After turning away from the spectator back to Dzumhur during his opponent's service game, the live television microphones picked up Tomic firing back.
"I will put my balls in your mouth," Tomic was heard to say.
"I will give you some money to make you feel good."
The microphones also picked up Tomic telling the spectator to: "Suck my balls".
Tomic went on to lose the first set 6-4.


text: Fair Doesn't Mean Equal October 29, 2013 08:16 PM If one child is farming the land and the other children live away from the farm, dividing up the land or selling it usually isn't an option. © Rick Mooney Dividing farm assets equally among children usually doesn't work One of the toughest conversations farm families have is how farm assets will be distributed after the senior generation passes away. But as difficult as it is, it's a conversation that farm families must have. And the sooner the better, says Margaret Heiser Fulton, an estate planning attorney in Auburn, Calif., with Robinson, Lyon and Fulton. "In my view, transferring property at death is way too late," she says. "The hard-working senior generation has to start now and plan." Bonus Content Link to eLegacy Connect webinar Equally to my children In non-farm families with a house as the only real estate and stocks and bonds as the major assets, dividing the shares equally among the children is fairly easy. The estate trustee sells the house, cashes in the stocks and bonds, and distributes the proceeds. Farm families are very different because the major asset is often the farm itself. If one child is farming the land and the other children live away from the farm, dividing up the land or selling it usually isn't an option. If the land is divided equally among the children, the child farming the land might not have the wherewithal to purchase the non-farming siblings' share. And if the non-farming siblings' land shares are sold to others, there likely won't be enough of a land base left to provide a viable business To facilitate a workable solution, the senior generation really needs to do three types of planning: Estate planning: Who will receive the assets in the event of death? Succession planning: Who will run the business, and who will own the business assets? Business planning: Will the business be viable, especially if the land is split up and sold? If you want the farm business to continue after your death, these are critical questions. No one answer fits every family, Fulton adds. For example, if the senior generation has been married to each other for many years and the only children involved come from that marriage, the parents intimately know the personalities of everyone involved. But the reality today is that many farm families are blended families with remarriages and stepchildren. How all of these folks get along, especially if there are children involved who did not grow up on the farm, adds another level of uncertainty. Legal business entities, such as a limited liability company (LLC), can be created to protect the land assets for the farming children. Then separate legal entities, which lease the land, for example, can be created to allow the farm to operate. In turn, the non-farming children can then receive fair market land-lease payments as their continuing share of the inheritance. But creating these entities can have its own set of legal and tax consequences. That's why you need legal and accounting expertise and close familiarity with your state's laws from the beginning, Fulton says. "With good planning, you can successfully pass the farm to the next generation," she says. "It won't be easy, but it can be done." Back to news


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The Eisenhower Tree's icy demise
The Eisenhower Tree, so much a part of Augusta National that not even a sitting U.S. president could have it taken down, was removed from the 17th hole this weekend because of damage from an ice storm, the club said Sunday.
"The loss of the Eisenhower Tree is difficult news to accept," club chairman Billy Payne said. "We obtained opinions from the best arborists available and, unfortunately, were advised that no recovery was possible."
Story Continued Below
With the annual Masters tourney less than two months away, Payne said there was no other significant damage to the course.
The loblolly pine, which sat about 210 yards off the left of the 17th fairway, was among the most famous trees in golf. It forced players to aim away from the tree or try to shape the ball from right-to-left to avoid it.
( Also on POLITICO: Presidents and golf)
And it infuriated one of the club members after whom the tree eventually was named — former President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Eisenhower, an Augusta member from 1948 until his death in 1969, was said to have hit the tree so often on his tee shot that he campaigned to have it removed and proposed during an Augusta National governors' meeting that it be cut down. This was in 1956, when Ike was starting his second term as president. Clifford Roberts, the club chairman and co-founder, overruled the president and adjourned the meeting.
It has been known as Eisenhower's Tree ever since.
While players appreciated the history, some of them weren't terribly fond of the century-old pine that was 65 feet high.
"Did it get in my way?" two-time U.S. Open champion Curtis Strange said Sunday. "It was like George Brett at third base for me. It caught more line drives from me than I'm allowed to admit. That doesn't hurt my feeling."
David Duval, who contended four times for a green jacket at the Masters, played a fade off the tee and had to be mindful of the Eisenhower Tree. Told the news Sunday evening, he was stunned.
"Are you kidding me? That's terrible," Duval said. "That tree made you really pay attention to where you driving it. It made for a very narrow tee shot. You either had to go up over it or around it."
Duval thought the only tree that got so much attention on a golf course was the original tree near the front of the 18th green at Pebble Beach. That since has been replaced, and there is speculation that Augusta National could do the same.
( Also on POLITICO: Fighting over Eisenhower's legacy)
The club generally can do whatever it wants — except in this case, save Ike's tree.
The ice storm last week caused the tree to lose a significant amount of major limbs. A photo in The Augusta Chronicle showed gaping sections missing from the left side. The club had used cables to help hold the pine together in recent years.
"We have begun deliberations of the best way to address the future of the 17th hole and to pay tribute to his iconic symbol of our history," Payne said. "Rest assured, we will do both appropriately."
Tommy Aaron once lost a ball in the tree. It most recently was mentioned prominently at the 2011 Masters. Tiger Woods was trying to play a shot from the pine straw beneath Ike's tree when he injured his left knee and Achilles while swinging from an awkward stance. Woods wound up missing two majors that year.
Bubba Watson, who can move the golf ball any direction he wants, never had a problem with it.
"Let's be honest — that tree was never in my way," Watson said Sunday after winning at Riviera. "I don't know what they're going to do. They never ask me. But I would think they're probably going to plant something there."


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Dmitry Babitsky is a developer at Goldman Sachs. He can be reached at [email protected] hotmail.com.
The Finite State Machine (FSM) is a design pattern in which actions are determined by events and the current context of the system. The driver code dispatches events to the FSM that forwards it to the current state. Functions processing the events decide what should be the next system state. After that, the process repeats.
The Hierarchical FSM is an extension of the FSM concept. In this case, any state can be a substate of some larger state. For example, the vehiclesGreen and vehiclesYellow states of a traffic light in Figure 1 may be substates of VehiclesEnabled.
Unlike traditional flowchart-based designs, the FSM design pattern is often more suitable for event-driven applications. It can help bring structure to code. In this article, I focus on translating FSM statechart diagrams into C++. This is a follow-up to Miro Samek's articles in CUJ [1].
There are many ways to implement state machines, including:
- Nested switch() statements over all states and over all events.
- State-transition tables; states on one axis, events on the other, and cells containing a function to execute and the next state.
- Dynamic tree-like structures traversed at runtime.
Miro presented an approach where State is a pointer to a [member] function, and Event is an enumerated integer. The Quantum Framework source code available with Miro's book [2] implements the hierarchy using a tree-like navigation from child to parent state and from parent to child that is rather complex. (The Quantum Framework is a minimal realization of an active object-based application framework designed specifically for embedded real-time systems; see http://www.quantum-leaps.com/).
I evaluated several approaches to FSM and, for any number of reasons, none met my needs. Consequently, I decided to build my own. My motivating factors for revisiting the subject was that I wanted to:
- Simplify the framework code and use. In fact, I prefer not to call it a "framework" at allit's simply a way of doing things and a sample implementation. The smaller and shorter it is, the more likely people will want to use and expand it.
- Get rid of switch() statements over events in every state function.
- Avoid macros because I believe they unnecessarily obfuscate the code.
The solution I present here is based in part on the State design pattern [3] in which State is a class and Event a pointer to a function in that class. There are a number of advantages to this approach; foremost among them that hierarchy in C++ is naturally expressed with inheritance. By making state classes that can derive from each other, the need to create artificial hierarchy with tree-like code is eliminated.
The language automatically calls the most-derived virtual function processing the event. The need to handle events in every state function with switch() code is eliminated, making code easier to read and maintain. Events are functions, not integers. Moreover, there's no need to have the isHandled flag in state methods. And since states are classes, they can store their own mini-states; for instance, how many times has this state been entered, how long on average has the system spent in this state, and so on. This is more difficult to achieve if the state is a function. However, the state of the entire system is still stored in the class implementing the state machine. State classes do not share data. The entire "framework" consists of one class and fits into some 70 lines of Standard C++ (available at http://www.cuj.com/code/).
As a proof of concept, I implemented Miro's Pelican and Calculator state machine diagrams (see [1] and [4]) and a text file processor that removes extra blanks and newlines from files.
Listing 1 illustrates the idea using the fictitious Aggregator FSM. Each event function returns a pointer to the next state object, which has been created on the stack. State classes do not have to be nested inside the main Aggregator class; it just more clearly shows affiliation.
Listing 2 is the complete implementation of the Fsm class. The STATE class passed as the template parameter is expected to implement on_enter() and on_exit() functions that can be used to initialize the hierarchy. Whether they actually do anything is irrelevant and is up to the implementer.
I spent time deciding whether all state objects should be created on the stack or dynamically allocated, what model the Fsm class should support, and the pattern of usage. Design Patterns [3] addresses this issue.
The major advantage of dynamically creating states is that constructors and destructors can be used for initialization and cleanup. The language automatically generates code to initialize and cleanup base and derived states as part of the constructor and destructor call hierarchy and you don't need to do anything special for it. If the states have been created, you can use on_enter/on_exit functions instead for similar effect. The disadvantage of dynamic creation is that it is more expensive and error prone.
There is a way to make use of constructors/destructors, even in the case of preallocated state objects. I experimented with using placement new, which invokes the constructor and just returns a pointer to an existing object, coupled with explicitly calling the destructor. This works. The construction/destruction chain is invoked correctly, but the destructor is called twiceonce more when the scope is exited. It is possible, of course, to make it reentrant, but that means you have to code it in a special way. In the end, I ruled against that idea; using on_enter/on_exit was less of a headache.
The most difficult and nonobvious part of the hierarchical FSM is what Quantum Framework calls LCA (Least Common Ancestor) state, and it has to do with the way on_enter()/on_exit() functions are invoked. Remember, they work like constructors and destructors, but there's more to it. The state classes form a tree and during the transition, state::on_enter() should only be invoked if you are not already in this state by way of inheritance or, in other words, are not coming in from a child state. Similarly, on_exit() should only happen if our next state is not a child of the state we are transitioning from.
And on_exit()/on_enter(), for everything in between the source and the destination states, must be chained appropriately to mimic the way constructors/destructors work: Every on_enter() must call its parent's class on_enter() first, and every on_exit() must call its parent's on_exit() last.
It is important to understand that, for purposes here, I'm not talking about object layout or memory representation, but exclusively about the class hierarchy. Look at the Pelican diagram in Figure 1 as an example [5]. Both vehiclesEnabled and pedestriansEnabled derive from operational. If these classes were to be created and destroyed dynamically, there would be two objects with an operational in each of them. So, when transitioning from vehiclesYellow to pedestriansWalk, one operational would be destroyed and another one createdclearly not what's intended. You never leave operational state until shutdown. Instead, with such transition, you would want vehiclesYellow, then vehiclesEnabled destroyed, operational left alone, then pedestriansEnabled and pedestriansWalk constructed, in that order. Unfortunately, this is not possible with dynamic activation. This is the reason why in the end, after much pondering, I had to abandon dynamic state creation via new, even though it worked fine for these sample programs.
This leaves you with preallocating all state objects on the stack. The next thing to decide was how to make the behavior just described happen and with as little pain as possible. My first idea was this:
while(!next_state->derives_from(curr_state)) curr_state=curr_state->on_exit() //returns parent state.
Unfortunately, it's not so easy with on_enter() because you must first find all parents up to LCA, then call them top-downexactly the kind of code I wanted to avoid. This is more or less how the Quantum Framework does it and it is complex. (That said, the Quantum Framework is designed to also work for C.)
My solution was somewhat of a compromise. First, I had to use RTTI to make derives_from() work. While I'm generally against it, in this case it's probably better than handwritten loops anyway. And second, there's some burden being placed on implementers in that they have to chain on_enter()/on_exit() correctly. It's not too bad; the template is subsequently provided.
Bear in mind that you do not have to provide these functions for every state in your hierarchyonly if a state has some initialization/cleanup to do, just as you would use constructors/destructors.
I would be interested in any ideas that achieve the same results without RTTI (and without macros). Also, note that derives_from() is a template function in a class template and to use it, I had to abandon Visual C++ 6. It will only compile with Version 7; otherwise, the same line can be restated much less elegantly. Essentially, all it does is dynamic_cast<>, plus some tracing output, but I believe it is still worth having because it makes the intent more explicit. I did not try other compilers, but it's all Standard C++, so conformant compilers should work.
I keep the version of the code that lets you dynamically create state classes. I keep it because of some other techniques that were developed for it that I would like to have around for the future. In short, when using it, state-event handlers do not themselves create the next state dynamically because that makes a new state before the old one is destroyed. Instead, they return the next state's factory (a generic template), invoked when appropriate by the Fsm class. (If you're interested, look at the fsm_test project at http://www .cuj.com/code/, although the part involving initialization and cleanup is not complete.)
With the Pelican intersection diagram in Miro's example, the system should be either in a vehiclesEnabled or pedestriansEnabled state at any given time, but never in both (that would be life-threatening). So when the system transitions from one to another, should you first call current_state->on_exit(), or new_state->on_enter()? I decided that on_exit should happen first, partly because this is how the Quantum Framework does it and I wanted to stay compatible. However, the system's states have to be designed in such a way that transition is atomic. But, if you assume that exiting a state never throws, but entering may, the system could be left in an inconsistent state. The exception safety part needs to be revisited.
State-specific variables are members of a state class and not of a larger Fsm class. In Pelican, for example, isPedestrianWaiting_ only makes any difference when the machine is in vehiclesGreen state; that's why it's defined there.
Using Hierarchical FSM
To use the Hierarchical FSM:
- Create the state class that derives from IState_base and describes all events that your system handles. All event methods in this class should return this. That means no transition and is the default action to take if the individual state does not care about this event:
- Create the main state machine class like this:
- Create individual state classes that must directly or indirectly derive from State and override event functions that this state cares about. Such classes may or may not be nested inside the main class (in C++ the difference is purely notational).
- Implement this function and return a pointer to the next state:
- If the event function determines that the machine should stay in the same state, it should return this.
- If the event function determines that it's time to exit the state machine, it should return 0. It is up to the driver code to take appropriate action.
- If you need to provide initialization and/or cleanup, implement on_enter/on_exit for your state. Here's the template:
template<class FSM> class NO_VTABLE State:public IState_base<FSM,State>{ State<FSM>*,const boost::any&) {return this;} }
class Pelican : public Fsm<Pelican, State<Pelican>>{}
class pedestriansWalk:public pedestriansEnabled{ virtual State<Pelican>* timeout(Pelican* p,const boost::any&){ return &p->m_pedestriansFlash; } };
void state::on_enter(Fsm* p, State* old_state) { if (old_state && old_state->derives_from(this)) return; super::on_enter(p,old_state); //Your code } void state::on_exit(Fsm* p, State* new_state) { if (new_state && new_state->derives_from(this)) return; //Your code super::on_exit(p, new_state); }
Although it looks like the first line exits when the condition is true, it is not possible to make this check in the caller and not make the call because of the chaining of these functions.
I presented yet another way of translating standard statechart diagrams into C++ code. The hierarchy in the state machine is achieved by using C++ inheritance and polymorphism to handle the same event differently based on the context (or state) of the system. The state is an instance of a class derived from a common root that defines all events that this Fsm will handle. The type of object pointed to by a root state pointer determines the current state. All events are dispatched through this pointer.
I extended the Calc state machine to respond to the on_equals event from the opEntered state (the statechart should reflect that). This is how the standard Windows calculator works. _declspec(novtable) is a Microsoft-specific optimization that tells the compiler not to generate a vtable for this class because it's supposed to be derived from. Note how RTTI can be used for tracing in debug mode, even if you have no other uses for it; see (calc::on_enter()):p->dispState(typeid(*this).name()).
Thanks to Miro Samek, whose articles got me interested in the state machine design pattern in the first place.
- Miro Samek's CUJ articles on state machine design: "Who Moved My State?" April 2003 and "Déjà Vu" June 2003.
- Samek, Miro. Practical Statecharts in C/C++, CMP Books, 2002.
- Gamma, Erich, Richard Helm, Ralph E. Johnson, and John Vlissides. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software, Addison-Wesley, 1995.
- Miro Samek's web site: designing a Calculator HSM (http://www.quantum-leaps.com/cookbook/recipes.htm).
- Miro Samek's CUJ June 2003-design of a Pelican crossing (http://www.quantum-leaps.com/writings.cuj/samek0306.pdf).


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Appointment of Matthieu DUNCAN as Chief Executive Officer of Natixis Asset Management
On March 14th, the Natixis Asset Management Board of Directors, chaired by Pierre Servant, met to appoint Matthieu DUNCAN as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Natixis Asset Management. This new appointment will take effect on April 4, 2016. Until that date, Jean François Baralon, Natixis Asset Management's Deputy CEO, will serve as interim CEO of Natixis Asset Management.
A dual French and US citizen, Matthieu DUNCAN completed his studies at the University of Texas (Austin) and the University of California (Santa Barbara). He began his career in the financial industry at Goldman Sachs, where he held various positions in the capital markets sector in Paris and London between 1990 and 2003. Since 2004, he has held various positions in the asset management area in London: Chief Investment Officer (CIO) Equities at Cambridge Place IM, Head of Business Strategy and member of the Board of Directors of Newton IM (a Bank of New York Mellon company), and Chief Operating Officer (COO) and member of the Board of Directors of Quilter Cheviot IM.
Matthieu DUNCAN will be looking to accelerate the international growth of Natixis Asset Management and to continue to integrate Natixis Asset Management within Natixis Global Asset Management's global multi-affiliate business model.
More in the press release


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Our chapter hosts important seminars and workshops including the annual "Employment Panel Discussion," a forum for all Davenport students to learn about how to land a job! Another workshop hosted this past year was, "Building Cross Cultural Competencies." Davenport, AHRM, and the Michigan Diversity Council sponsored the event. Each year our SHRM Student Chapter designs and implements important community service projects. Last year our chapter sponsored a clothing drive for the Grand Rapids Women's Resource Center.
If you want to learn more about the Human Resource Management profession, make a difference in your community, and get a running start on launching your career, please join us!


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DOVER — Although turnout is slated to be high Tuesday as voters across the Granite State head off to the polls, several experts are predicting a slightly lower total than from four years ago.
"It's going to be less than in 2008 but the total number should still be relatively high," said Andy Smith, director of the University of New Hampshire's Survey Center. "Overall, there's just less of an interest than there was four years ago."
In 2008 — the last year presidential voting took place — approximately 719,000 ballots were cast statewide. Smith, who believes this year's total will hover around the 700,000 mark, cited a mix of varying factors for this decline.
"When the economy's limping along the president's party generally tends to see a loss of voters," he said. "And back in 2008, there was a high percentage of younger people who came out and voted — but these voters are just less interested today."
Come Tuesday, Smith said numbers will likely be higher in Republican-affiliated towns such as Windham and Salem. On the other hand, blue-collar, working towns that typically vote Democrat, such as Berlin and Rochester, will likely see a smaller turnout. "These were the people who voted back in 2008," Smith said. "But they may not go out and vote this year."
Smith also cited the inactivity at UNH as another example of declining interests. "The college turnout is down significantly from 2008," he said. "It's a dead environment, no one's talking about any election over here."
Yet even if 700,000 voters cast ballots statewide tomorrow, this number — although a decline from 2008 — still represents a relatively high total for a small state.
"We could see as many as 722,000 ballots cast this year," said William Gardner, New Hampshire's Secretary of State. "Voting is generally pretty high every year among the state's voting-age population."
This is apparent in N.H.'s voting history since 1968 — a trend that has seen total numbers continue to rise during presidential elections. As Gardner explained, voting surpassed 300,000 in N.H. for the first time back in 1968. Voting was also in the 300,000s in both 1972 and 1976. And the figures have continued to rise. In 1980, '84, and '88 voting was in the 400,000s statewide. In 1992, '96, and in 2000 voting was in the 500,000s.
In 2004, 683,000 voters cast ballots in N.H. In 2008, the number grew again to just over 719,000.
Gardner said there's typically three indicators officials use to estimate voter turnout. One of these is absentee ballots. On Thursday, Gardner said this statistic was down in comparison to 2008 numbers.
But, a second factor — whether voters actually believe they can make a difference — will likely bolster votes this year.
"There's a lot more attention on N.H. this year and that could make a big difference," he said. "It gives people something else to think about, especially knowing what happened in 2000," he said in reference to George Bush's narrow victory over Democratic presidential hopeful Al Gore. "There could have been a different president that year if N.H. had voted differently."
A third indicator that could help increase votes is the amount of time, attention, and resources each candidate has paid to the state. President Barack Obama and Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney have both made countless visits to the Granite State in the months leading up to tomorrow's vote.
"We've never had both candidates come so much," Gardner said. "They've both put in so much time here — even in the weekend before the election."
And although the presidential contest is certainly the headline race, state and local elections will also be decided Tuesday. "These races are really hanging onto the tail-end of the presidential race," Smith said. "The presidential race is the one with all the money — these other contests are going to hinge on whoever ends up coming out and voting for a president."
Voter turnout in N.H. may be lower than 2008
DOVER — Although turnout is slated to be high Tuesday as voters across the Granite State head off to the polls, several experts are predicting a slightly lower total than from four years ago.


text: Hi David Sorry to hear that OpenMPI is a troublemaker in your Open Solaris machines. Have you questioned the OpenMPI list about that? I installed OpenMPI on Linux (Fedora, CentOS) without problems, on clusters with Infiniband, Gigabit Ethernet, old Ethernet 100, and on standalone machines, using Gnu, PGI, and Intel compilers. In my experience it installs easily and works well on Linux. Among other reasons, I recommended it to the person who asked for help because he said his is a Linux cluster (Ubuntu). We also have and use MPICH2 and MVAPICH2 here, though. Gus Correa David Mathog wrote: > Gus Correa <gus at ldeo.columbia.edu> wrote >> If you already set up passwordless ssh across the nodes >> OpenMPI will probably get you up and running faster than MPICH2. >> >> OpenMPI is very easy to install, say, with gcc, g++, and >> gfortran (make sure you have them installed on your main machine, >> use Ubuntu apt-get, if you don't have them). > > Well on Linux maybe, but since OpenMPI has been soundly kicking my butt > trying to get it installed and working on a Solaris 5.8 Sparc system for > the last day, I can't let that slide as a general statement. > > OpenMPI 1.4.1 needed a few minor code mods to build at all using gcc on > this system (it expects some defines that aren't present, this is with > the sunfreeware gcc versions), and those mods were just about counting > CPUs, which wasn't an issue in this case because it is a single CPU > system. These same issues were also reported by another fellow for 1.3.1 > on a Solaris 8 system: > > http://www.open-mpi.org/community/lists/users/2009/02/7994.php > > The gcc version works so long as mpirun only sends jobs to itself. > Sadly, try to send ANYTHING to a remote machine (linux Intel, in case > that matters) and it treats one to: > > mca_oob_tcp_msg_send_handler: writev failed: Bad file descriptor > > This on a build with no warnings or errors. Definitely a problem on the > Solaris side, since any of the linux machines can initiate an mpirun to > another node, or all other nodes, that works with the example programs. > So with gcc, OpenMPI not too useful for the front end of an MPI cluster. > > Today I'm trying again using Sun's Forte 7 tools, which requires a > fairly complex configure line: > > ./configure --with-sge --prefix=/opt/ompi141 CFLAGS="-xarch=v8plusa" > CXXFLAGS="-xarch=v8plusa" FFLAGS="-xarch=v8plusa" > FCFLAGS="-xarch=v8plusa" CC=/opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc > CXX=/opt/SUNWspro/bin/CC F77=/opt/SUNWspro/bin/f77 > FC=/opt/SUNWspro/bin/f95 CCAS=/opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc > CCASFLAGS="-xarch=v8plusa" >configure_4.log 2>&1 & > > Not sure yet if that is sufficient, as none of the preceding configure > variants resulted in a set of Makefiles which would actually run to > completion, and this one is still building. > > Regards, > > > David Mathog > mathog at caltech.edu > Manager, Sequence Analysis Facility, Biology Division, Caltech > _______________________________________________ > Beowulf mailing list, Beowulf at beowulf.org sponsored by Penguin Computing > To change your subscription (digest mode or unsubscribe) visit http://www.beowulf.org/mailman/listinfo/beowulf


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Linux Servers Are the Smart Business Choice - page 2
FOSS is Friendly
Best Insurance
FOSS is your best insurance for the future. Your document archives won't be orphaned as long as you use open document formats, and even when formats become obsolete you still have the source code, so your archives are always recoverable. FOSS has a strong culture of interoperability even as proprietary vendors exert considerable resources to foil interoperability. There is no lock-in other than you like it and it works for you.
Learning Mac costs money. All you need to start your Linux education is a spare computer. Install a free-of-cost Linux on it, get some good reference materials, and away you go. Virtual machines are popular test environments these days, but a standalone PC is simpler and easier to troubleshoot.
Which Linux should you start with? I favor Red Hat as the best commercially-supported Linux distribution. Red Hat offers a free 30-day evaluation version. You could also download a copy of CentOS or Scientific Linux for free to get an idea of what Red Hat Enterprise Linux is like, because these are free RHEL clones built from RHEL source packages. (Yes, this is perfectly legal, and Red Hat still prospers.)
If you're looking for a high-quality managed Linux desktop Red Hat has this too, and there is a free evaluation version. While Red Hat offers little you can't find in other Linux distributions it has great integration and management tools, a rock-solid distro, good documentation, good support, and they fund a significant amount of Linux development.
Novell's SUSE Linux is also aimed at the enterprise and offers various support levels, and in typical Novell fashion a bewildering array of options. If you like building custom Linux images check out SUSE Studio, a slick tool for quickly creating custom builds.
The two distros that I believe are best for IT professionals to become proficient with are Debian and Fedora. Debian and Fedora are the parents of most other Linux distributions; the majority of Linux distros are based on one of these. Fedora is sponsored by Red Hat, and unlike RHEL it is bleeding-edge, with a frequent release cycle that incorporates the newest developments. Debian is one of the oldest distros, and the biggest, supporting more packages than anyone. It is 100% volunteer-driven. Debian pioneered sophisticated dependency-resolving package management, supports the most hardware architectures, and despite the rise of glitzy Debian-based derivatives like Ubuntu is still the most important and fundamental Linux distribution. Debian and Fedora use different software management systems and a different configuration and service management structure. When you know both of these you know how to administer most Linux distros.
What Next?
In part 2 we'll look at good stout Linux mail and groupware servers. Friends don't let friends use MS Exchange; there is a vast universe of superior alternatives.
Carla Schroder is the author of the Linux Cookbook and the Linux Networking Cookbook (O'Reilly Media), the upcoming "Book of Audacity" (NoStarch Press), a lifelong book lover, and the managing editor of Linux Planet and Linux Today.
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- 1. FOSS is Friendly
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