text:
Psychiatric hospital
Psychiatric hospitals, also known as mental hospitals and psychiatric wards ("psych" wards) when they are a sub-unit of a regular hospital, are hospitals or wards specializing in the treatment of serious mental disorders, such as clinical depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Psychiatric hospitals vary widely in their size and grading. Some hospitals may specialize only in short-term or outpatient therapy for low-risk patients. Others may specialize in the temporary or permanent care of residents who, as a result of a psychological disorder, require routine assistance, treatment, or a specialized and controlled environment. Patients are often admitted on a voluntary basis, but people whom psychiatrists believe may pose a significant danger to themselves or others may be subject to involuntary commitment.[1]
Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from, and eventually replaced the older [3] With successive waves of reform, and the introduction of effective evidence-based treatments, modern psychiatric hospitals provide a primary emphasis on treatment, and attempt where possible to help patients control their own lives in the outside world, with the use of a combination of psychiatric drugs and psychotherapy.
A crisis stabilization unit is in effect an emergency room for psychiatry, frequently dealing with suicidal, violent, or otherwise critical individuals. Open units are psychiatric units that are not as secure as crisis stabilization units. Another type of psychiatric hospital is medium term, which provides care lasting several weeks. In the United Kingdom, both crisis admissions and medium term care is usually provided on acute admissions wards. Juvenile or adolescent wards are sections of psychiatric hospitals or psychiatric wards set aside for children and/or adolescents with mental illness. Long-term care facilities have the goal of treatment and rehabilitation back into society within a short time-frame (two or three years). Another institution for the mentally ill is a community-based halfway house.
Critics such as American psychiatrist Thomas Szasz have insisted that psychiatric hospitals are like prisons, not hospitals, and that psychiatrists who subject others to coercion function as judges and jailers, not physicians.[4] The French historian Michel Foucault is widely known for his comprehensive critique of the use and abuse of the mental hospital system in Madness and Civilization. Franco Basaglia, a leading Italian psychiatrist who inspired and was the architect of the psychiatric reform in Italy, also defined the mental hospital as an oppressive, locked and total institution in which prison-like, punitive rules are applied.[5]
- History 1
Types 2
- Crisis stabilization 2.1
- Open units 2.2
- Medium-term 2.3
- Juvenile wards 2.4
- Long-term care facilities 2.5
- Halfway houses 2.6
- Political imprisonment 2.7
- Secure units 2.8
- Community hospital utilization 2.9
Criticism 3
- Involuntary nature of psychiatric hospitalization 3.1
- Abuse and neglect 3.2
- See also 4
- References 5
- External links 6
Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from, and eventually replaced the older psychiatry. The moral treatment and care of the mentally ill, as opposed to isolation, was first pioneered in the Islamic world by physicians whose treatment of mental patients was regarded as a religious obligation based on the Quranic verse Do not give the property with which God has entrusted you to the insane, but feed and clothe them with this property and speak kindly to them.[6] It greatly differed from the reigning view in which the insane were viewed as under the influence of the Devil therefore needing to be isolated from society. The first psychiatric hospital was built by the Muslims in Baghdad in 705 AD, under the leadership of the Umayyad Caliph Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik.[7] Others would rapidly follow, with some of the more famous ones being built in Cairo in 800 AD and in Damascus in 1270 AD. The physicians of the Islamic world would invent and use a variety of treatments, including occupational therapy, music therapy, as well as medication.[6]
Western Europe would adopt these views later on with the advances of physicians like Phillipe Pinel at the Bicêtre Hospital in France and William Tuke at the York Retreat in England. They advocated the viewing of mental illness as a disorder that required compassionate treatment that would aid in the rehabilitation of the victim. The arrival in the Western world of institutionalisation as a solution to the problem of madness was very much an event of the nineteenth century. The first public mental asylums were established in Britain; the passing of the 1808 County Asylums Act empowered magistrates to build rate-supported asylums in every county to house the many 'pauper lunatics'. Nine counties first applied, the first public asylum opening in 1812 in Nottinghamshire. In 1828, the newly appointed Commissioners in Lunacy were empowered to license and supervise private asylums. The Lunacy Act 1845 made the construction of asylums in every country compulsory with regular inspections on behalf of the Home Secretary. The Act required asylums to have written regulations and to have a resident physician.[8]
At the beginning of the nineteenth century there were a few thousand "sick people" housed in a variety of disparate institutions throughout England, but by 1900 that figure had grown to about 100,000. This growth coincided with the growth of [3]
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, terms such as "madness," "lunacy" or "insanity"—all of which assumed a unitary psychosis—were split into numerous "mental diseases," of which catatonia, melancholia and dementia praecox (modern day schizophrenia) were the most common in psychiatric institutions.[10]
In 1961 sociologist Erving Goffman described a theory[11][12] of the "total institution" and the process by which it takes efforts to maintain predictable and regular behavior on the part of both "guard" and "captor," suggesting that many of the features of such institutions serve the ritual function of ensuring that both classes of people know their function and social role, in other words of "institutionalizing" them. Asylums was a key text in the development of deinstitutionalization.[13]
With successive waves of reform, and the introduction of effective evidence-based treatments, modern psychiatric hospitals provide a primary emphasis on treatment, and attempt where possible to help patients control their own lives in the outside world, with the use of a combination of psychiatric drugs and psychotherapy.[14] These treatments can be involuntary. Involuntary treatments are among the many psychiatric practices which are questioned by the mental patient liberation movement. Most psychiatric hospitals now restrict internet access and any device that can take photos.[15]
There are a number of different types of modern psychiatric hospitals, but all of them house people with mental illnesses of widely variable severity.
Crisis stabilization
The crisis stabilization unit is in effect an emergency room for psychiatry, frequently dealing with suicidal, violent, or otherwise critical individuals.
Open units
Open units are psychiatric units that are not as secure as crisis stabilization units. They are not used for acutely suicidal persons; the focus in these units is to make life as normal as possible for patients while continuing treatment to the point where they can be discharged. However, patients are usually still not allowed to hold their own medications in their rooms, because of the risk of an impulsive overdose. While some open units are physically unlocked, other open units still use locked entrances and exits depending on the type of patients admitted.
Another type of psychiatric hospital is medium term, which provides care lasting several weeks. Most drugs used for psychiatric purposes take several weeks to take effect, and the main purpose of these hospitals is to monitor the patient for the first few weeks of therapy to ensure the treatment is effective.
Juvenile wards
Juvenile wards are sections of psychiatric hospitals or psychiatric wards set aside for children and/or adolescents with mental illness. However, there are a number of institutions specializing only in the treatment of juveniles, particularly when dealing with drug abuse, self-harm, eating disorders, anxiety, depression or other mental illness.
Long-term care facilities
In the UK long-term care facilities are now being replaced with smaller secure units (some within the hospitals listed above). Modern buildings, modern security and being locally sited to help with reintegration into society once medication has stabilized the condition[16][17] are often features of such units. An example of this is the Three Bridges Unit, in the grounds of Hanwell Asylum in West London and the John Munroe Hospital in Staffordshire. However these modern units have the goal of treatment and rehabilitation back into society within a short time-frame (two or three years) and not all forensic patients' treatment can meet this criterion, so the large hospitals mentioned above often retain this role.
These hospitals provide stabilization and rehabilitation for those who are having difficulties such as depression, eating disorders, mental disorders, and so on.
Halfway houses
One type of institution for the mentally ill is a community-based halfway house. These facilities provide assisted living[18] for patients with mental illnesses for an extended period of time, and often aid in the transition to self-sufficiency. These institutions are considered to be one of the most important parts of a mental health system by many psychiatrists, although some localities lack sufficient funding.
Political imprisonment
In some countries the mental institution may be used in certain cases for the incarceration of political prisoners, as a form of punishment. A notable historical example was the use of punitive psychiatry in the Soviet Union[19] and China.[20]
Secure units
In the UK, criminal courts or the Home Secretary can refer people to what are known as psychiatric secure units, even though for many decades now, the term "criminally insane" is no longer legally or medically recognized. They are hospitals mostly run by the National Health Service, which undertake psychiatric assessments and can also provide treatment and accommodation in a safe, hospital environment where its patients can be prevented from harming themselves or others. They also run under clearly defined Home Office rules.
These secure hospital facilities are divided into three main categories and are referred to as High, Medium and Low Secure. Although it is a phrase often used by newspapers, there is no such classification as "Maximum Secure". Low Secure units are often referred to as "Local Secure" as patients are referred there frequently by local criminal courts for psychiatric assessment before sentencing.
Community hospital utilization
Community hospitals across the United States regularly see mental health discharges. A study of community hospital discharge data from 2003-2011 showed that mental health hospitalizations were increasing for both children (patients aged 0–17 years) and adults (patients aged 18–64). Compared to other hospital utilization, mental health discharges were the slowest increasing hospitalizations for children, but the most rapidly increasing hospitalizations for adults under 64.[21]
Some units have been opened in recent years with the specific purpose of providing Therapeutically Enhanced Treatment and so form a subcategory to the three main ones.
The general public are familiar with the names of the High Secure Hospitals due to the frequency that they are mentioned in the news reports about the people who are sent there. Those in England include, Ashworth Hospital in Merseyside;[22] Broadmoor Hospital in Crowthorne, Berkshire and Rampton Secure Hospital in Retford, Nottinghamshire and in Scotland is The State Hospital, Carstairs.[23] Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man have their own Medium and Low Secure units but use the mainland faculties for High Secure, which smaller Channel Islands also transfer their patients to as Out of Area Referrals under the Mental Health Act 1983.
Of the Medium Secure units, there are many more of these in number scattered throughout the UK. As of 2009 there were 27 women only units in England alone.[24] Irish units include those at prisons in Portlaise, Castelrea and Cork.
American psychiatrist Thomas Szasz insisted that psychiatric hospitals are like prisons, not hospitals, and that psychiatrists who subject others to coercion function as judges and jailers, not physicians.[4]
The French historian Michel Foucault is widely known for his comprehensive critique of the use and abuse of the mental hospital system in Madness and Civilization. He argued that Tuke and Pinel's asylum was a symbolic recreation of the condition of a child under a bourgeois family. It was a microcosm symbolizing the massive structures of bourgeois society and its values: relations of Family-Children (paternal authority), Fault-Punishment (immediate justice), Madness-Disorder (social and moral order).[25][26]
- Camarillo State Mental Hospital History
- Historical Asylums website
- Asylum Projects – Asylum wiki database
- "AlterNet: Movie Mix: Must-See Indy Film Exposes Cruel Teen Correction Programs". Retrieved 2007-07-08.
- National Resource Center on Psychiatric Advance Directives
- Kirkbride Buildings History and photographs of early psychiatric hospitals
- TheTimeChamber Asylum List Comprehensive List of Victorian Insane Asylums in the UK
- [3]
External links
- ^ "White House Intruder Put in Mental Ward". New York Times. June 1, 1995.
- ^ a b Life Magazine
- ^ a b Life Magazine
- ^ a b
- ^ a b Tansella M. (November 1986). "Community psychiatry without mental hospitals—the Italian experience: a review".
- ^ a b Dennis O'Donnell. The Locked Ward: Memoirs of a Psychiatric Orderly. pg. 82. [1]
- ^ Psychiatry and the Palestinian Population. Psychiatric Bulletin,2002.[2]
- ^ Unsworth, Clive."Law and Lunacy in Psychiatry's 'Golden Age'", Oxford Journal of Legal Studies. Vol. 13, No. 4. (Winter, 1993), pp. 482.
- ^ Porter, Roy (2006). Madmen: A Social History of Madhouses, Mad-Doctors & Lunatics. Tempus: p. 14.
- ^ Yuhas, Daisy. "Throughout History, Defining Schizophrenia Has Remained a challenge". Scientific American Mind (March 2013). Retrieved 2 March 2013.
- ^ Goffman, Erving (1961). Asylums: essays on the social situation of mental patients and other inmates. Anchor Books.
- ^ "Extracts from Erving Goffman". A Middlesex University resource. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
- ^ Mac Suibhne, Séamus (7 October 2009). "Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and other Inmates".
- ^ Surgeongeneral.gov
- ^ Cqc.org.uk
- ^ Medscape.com
- ^ Hospital.com
- ^ Vaslamatzis, G.; Katsouyanni, K.; Markidis, M. (1997). "The efficacy of a psychiatric halfway house: a study of hospital recidivism and global outcome measure". European Psychiatry 12 (2): 94–97.
- ^ Matvejević, Predrag (2004). Between exile and asylum: an eastern epistolary. Central European University Press. p. 32.
- ^ LaFraniere, Sharon; Levin, Dan (11 November 2010). "Assertive Chinese Held in Mental Wards".
- ^ Weiss AJ, Barrett ML, Andrews RM (July 2014). "Trends and Projections of U.S. Hospital Costs by Payer, 2003-2013". HCUP Statistical Brief #176. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
- ^ Official site, Accessed 2010-06-02
- ^ Official site, Accessed 2010-06-02
- ^ Georgie Parry‐Crooke (June 2009) My life: in safe hands?. Accessed 2010-06-02
- ^ Deleuze and Guattari (1972) Anti-Oedipus p. 102
- ^ Michel Foucault [1961] The History of Madness, Routledge 2006, pp.490–1, 507–8, 510–1
- ^ Davidson, Larry; Rakfeldt, Jaak; Strauss, John (editors) (2010). The Roots of the Recovery Movement in Psychiatry: Lessons Learned. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 150.
- ^ Wallace, Samuel (1971). Total Institutions. Transaction Publishers. p. 9.
- ^ Weinstein R. (1982). "Goffman's Asylums and the Social Situation of Mental Patients". Orthomolecular psychiatry 11 (N 4): 267–274.
- ^ Lester H., Gask L. (May 2006). "Delivering medical care for patients with serious mental illness or promoting a collaborative model of recovery?". British Journal of Psychiatry 188 (5): 401–402.
- ^ Mosher L.R. (March 1999). "Soteria and other alternatives to acute psychiatric hospitalization: a personal and professional review".
- ^ "Involuntary Commitment Law". OLR Research Report. Oct 2, 2002.
To see lists of individual establishments: view the categorical index for Psychiatric hospitals; which appears at the very bottom of this article.
- Deinstitutionalisation
- History of mental illness
- History of psychiatric institutions
- Institutional syndrome
- Kirkbride Plan
- Mental health law
- MindFreedom International
- New Freedom Commission on Mental Health
- Psychiatric survivors movement
- Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
- Salutogenesis, a best-practice methodology for the design of psychiatric facilities.
- Treatment Advocacy Center, involuntary treatment proponent group
See also
In 1888, journalist, Nellie Bly, was approached by Joseph Pulitzer to write and expose about rumors of the cruelty and neglect at the Blackwells Island Insane Asylum. After renting a room at a boardinghouse, she acted crazy and was sent shortly after a quick examination. She found out that hospitals had very poor conditions and the food was stale and old, and the water tainted. When Pulitzer finally sent a lawyer to Blackwells, Nellie was released subsequently and wrote the story. The general public's reaction was outrage, and New York and five other states raised its public awareness by over $1,000,000.
In the 1800s, patients in psychiatric wards have been the subject of cruelty, neglect and abuse. The staff was responsible for the majority of physical injury. Some examples of the abuse are still debated but here are some examples most people agree on today: Female and male patients were subjected to take baths in ice-cold water, others were roped and led outside and forced to exercise like cattle, doctors beat patients' heads into the wall for no reason, forced to sleep in tiny, unheated rooms, with thin slips and given no blankets, some were starved as "treatment".
Abuse and neglect
The National Institute of Mental Health shows that in 2008 13.4 percent of adults in the United States received treatment for a mental illness yet only 58.7 percent of adults with a serious mental illness (SMI) received treatment (NIMH, Mental Health Services and Treatment). Since the 1980s, state-run mental health facilities have been closing and a major reason for the closing is money. Facilities are closing and the number of mentally ill is not decreasing which is leaving no place for these patients to be seen. A growing number of mentally ill individuals have been met by a shrinking number of beds to treat them in. The Treatment Advocacy Center put out a report with some startling numbers. In 1955 for every 100,000 US citizens there were 340 psychiatric hospital beds. In 2005 that number had diminished to 17 per 100,000. In a state by state evaluation Mississippi had the most beds available and Nevada and Arizona had the smallest number available at fewer than 6 beds per 100,000 citizens. Colorado has 16.9 per 100,000 citizens and according to the report is considered to have a "severe bed shortage". It has now been determined that the US is over 95,000 beds short of reaching minimal standards for appropriate treatment.
Additionally, a court-appointed psychiatrist must examine each patient annually. A full hearing is required at least every two years. Patients may also apply for release at any time and receive a full hearing on the application.[32] However, since patients may be isolated from the outside world, getting assistance in preparing for hearings may be difficult. The ability to contact a family member or lawyer, afforded to persons who are under arrest, may not be readily available to psychiatric patients. However patients may be afforded occasional opportunities to leave the institution temporarily, often accompanied by a visitor, and may be able to use this as an opportunity to leave permanently.
Some patients in psychiatric hospitals may remain confined until their psychiatrists consider them to no longer be dangerous, sometimes for the remainder of their lives. Some of the patients, while they are technically considered to be voluntary patients, have volunteered to be hospitalized in lieu of being subjected to penal actions by judicial systems. If they were to leave the hospital, they would be subject to imprisonment in a penal institution. In some cases, the conditions inside psychiatric hospitals are actually more unpleasant – more punishing – than the penal institutions they replace. Long term involuntary commitment requires legal proceedings, but individuals may be held for shorter periods of time, for observation, upon the opinion of two doctors, usually one of which is a psychiatrist. Hospitals must annually advise all committed patients of their right to a hearing on whether they can be released.
Involuntary nature of psychiatric hospitalization
The anti-psychiatry movement coming to the fore in the 1960s has opposed many of the practices, conditions, or existence of mental hospitals. The psychiatric consumer/survivor movement has often objected to or campaigned against conditions in mental hospitals or their use, voluntarily or involuntarily. The mental patient liberation movement emphatically opposes involuntary treatment but generally does not have any issue with any psychiatric treatments that are consensual, provided that both parties are free to withdraw consent at any time.
American psychiatrist Loren Mosher noticed that the psychiatric institution itself gave him master classes in the art of the "total institution": labeling, unnecessary dependency, the induction and perpetuation of powerlessness, the degradation ceremony, authoritarianism, and the primacy of institutional needs over those of the persons it was ostensibly there to serve-the patients.[31]
Franco Basaglia, a leading Italian psychiatrist who inspired and was the architect of the psychiatric reform in Italy, also defined the mental hospital as an oppressive, locked and total institution in which prison-like, punitive rules are applied, in order to gradually eliminate its own contents, and patients, doctors and nurses are all subjected (at different levels) to the same process of institutionalism.[5]
[30] Goffman describes how the institutionalisation process socialises people into the role of a good patient, someone "dull, harmless and inconspicuous"; in turn, it reinforces notions of chronicity in severe mental illness.Asylums In his book [29]


text: MainSports & GamesFloorball Listen FloorballThis page draws together floorball-related information for all of Special Olympics. The coaching materials and other links will help you get a good sense of how this sport contributes to Special Olympics. StoriesEventsGames Versatile Indoor Team SportFloorball is a versatile indoor team sport developed in the 1970s in Sweden, played in a rink with five field players plus a goalkeeper in each team. Floorball is played with plastic sticks and a light ball and with a goalkeeper without a stick. Floorball has similarities with hockey sports and the main objective is to score more goals than the opposite team. For Special Olympics the game is slightly modified from the "regular" form of Floorball. Matches are played 3 versus 3 with goalkeepers, on a smaller court that measures 20 m long by 12 m wide. This form of Floorball was developed for the intellectually disabled, and will be a demonstration sport at the 2013 Special Olympics World Winter Games in Korea.About This PageSpecial Olympics focuses on the individuality of each athlete so that coaches can train and encourage growth in skills and accomplishment. The coaching materials, rules and other resources on this page have been specially prepared for coaches working with people with intellectual disabilities. Coaching Special Olympics athletes calls for the same skills and experience that many coaches are familiar with. The extra information in our coaching guides about working with people with ID is what makes our materials helpful and valuable.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Los Angeles County Supervisors are scheduled to vote Tuesday on zoning regulations that would allow NBCUniversal to expand its Hollywood theme park and add more movie and television production facilities.
The company has proposed spending nearly $1.6 billion to construct nearly 2 million square feet of studio and office space at its Universal Studios Hollywood. Additions would include two 500-room hotels, a new ramp and other improvements to the 101 Freeway and a Harry Potter ride.
The plan also calls for $100 million in transit and roadway improvements, including shuttles, a Metro bus and employee and visitor incentives to take public transportation or carpool.
NBCUniversal to fund Burbank projects to ease impact of expansion
NBCUniversal scraps plan to build housing on Universal back lot
-- Jason Song, Los Angeles Times


text:
News » Books/Manuscript
(UK) Dance Books: New publications
(UK) Cambridge University Press -- 60% OFF Selected Humanities and Social Sciences Titles (till 30 apr 2012)
A reminder of Cambridge University Press' sale on selected books with savings of 60% OFF regular price. There are some early music titles that may be of some interest.
Browse through the Cambridge University Press website catalogue for more information.
(UK) Dance Books: New Publication
(US) Oxford Journals: Early Music Table of Contents for November 2011; Vol. 39, No. 4
(UK) The British Newspaper Archive
(UK) Musica Antiqua
"Our vision for Musica Antiqua is very clear: with both of the founders being active professional early musicians, we feel we have a direct line to those performers and musicologists who are currently at the forefront of early music. Our aim is to provide articles written by the performers and musiciologists themselves. We intend also to bring a unique and creative design and layout to the articles in the magazine. Musica Antiqua will concentrate on music from the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, and on bringing you all the latest news and developments from around the world." (Claire Bracher, Editor)
(US) University of Michigan Press - Recently Published: "Ornamentalism The Art of Renaissance Accessories" (2011)
Original essays by leading scholars on the significance of accessories in the cultural, social, and political lives of men and women in the Renaissance.
Renaissance people understood that honor and good graces were marked by being properly attired and by wearing distinctive ornaments. An examination of material life and fashion in the early modern period reveals the crucial role ornaments played in social, political, and cultural negotiations of power and identity.
(UK) Cambridge University Press - New Publication: "Performing Operas for Mozart Impresarios, Singers and Troupes" ( Ian Woodfield, Queen's University Belfast)
(US) Oxford's Holiday Sale -- Up to 65% Off!
(A reminder from the latest Oxford newsletter of 22 Dec 2012.)
"It's never too late to find that perfect gift. There are still plenty of featured titles to choose from in Oxford's 2011 Holiday Sale. Don't miss this opportunity to save up to 65%.
(UT) From the Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study: Scandinavian Studies
Scandinavian Studies is interested in the cultures of the Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Founded in 1911, the Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study (the supporting organization) has as its objectives:
- The promotion of Scandinavian study and instruction in America;
- The encouragement of original research in this country in the fields of Scandinavian languages, literatures, history, culture, and society and the publication of the results of such research in the quarterly journal Scandinavian Studies;
- The fostering of closer relations between persons interested in Scandinavian studies in North America and elsewhere.
Print ISSN: 0036-5637
Included in the following packages: 2012 Premium Collection; 2011 Premium Collection
(MT) Recently Published: Concertini Per Quattro Voci [Paperback] (Sep 2011)
(IT) New at LIM (Libreria Musicale Italiana): "La canzone napoletana", "Enrico Radesca Musica sacra" and "Fedele Fenaroli il didatta e il compositore"
edition: Lucca, LIM, 2011 (Quaderni del Centro Studi Canzone Napoletana, 1)
pages: 126
format: 17 x 24 - Paperback
Henry Radesca Sacred Music Volume V
by Anna Maria Ioannoni Fiore, Agostino Ruscillo, Romano Vettori
edition: Lucca, LIM, 2011(Enrico Radesca di Foggia, 5)
pages: 14 + 253
format: 24 x 34 - Paperback
Fedele Fenaroli il didatta e il compositore
by Gianfranco Miscia
foreword by Guido Salvetti
edition: Lucca, LIM, 2011(Biblioteca Musicale Lim - Saggi)
pages: 16 + 315
format: 17 x 24 - Paperback
(US) Feminism, Absolutism, and Jansenism Louis XIV and the Port-Royal Nuns (Author: Daniella Kostroun, Indiana University–Purdue University, Indianapolis)
Publication date: June 2011
288 pages
"Feminism, Absolutism, and Jansenism chronicles seventy years of Jansenist conflict and its complex intersection with power struggles between gallican bishops, Parlementaires, the Crown, and the pope. Daniella Kostroun focuses on the nuns of Port-Royal-des-Champs, whose community was disbanded by Louis XIV in 1709 as a threat to the state. Paradoxically, it was the nuns' adherence to their strict religious rule and the ideal of pious, innocent, and politically disinterested behavior that allowed them to challenge absolutism effectively.
(UK) Bach Network UK "UNDERSTANDING BACH, edited by Ruth Tatlow" Web Journal
Bach Network UK is pleased to announce publication of the sixth volume of the web journal UNDERSTANDING BACH, edited by Ruth Tatlow. Full text of the articles, reports and editorial can be read online.
(CA) Call for Papers: Nota Bene Undergraduate Journal of Musicology (Deadline 09 Jan 2012)
"Nota Bene is currently accepting undergraduate papers for the 2012 issue. Submissions may be in historical musicology, ethnomusicology, popular music studies, and music theory. We encourage review articles as well as work offering a new perspective on the conventional essay format. The deadline for submissions is January 9, 2012.
(IT) Recently Published at LIM: La canzone napoletana Le musiche e i loro contesti; Enrico Radesca Musica sacra Volume V
New at LIM (Lim Editrice S.r.l.):
- La canzone napoletana Le musiche e i loro contesti (The Neapolitan song The music and their contexts) by Enrico Careri and Anita Fish
- Enrico Radesca Musica sacra Volume V (Henry Radesca Sacred Music Volume V) by Anna Maria Ioannoni Flower, Ruscillo Augustine, Roman Vectors
(UK) Book Announcement: SVEC -- Women, work and clothing in eighteenth-century Spain (Rebecca Haidt, Nov 2011)
"Combining cultural history, literary analysis, and studies in economics, material life and gender, Rebecca Haidt shows how clothing and display penetrated all corners of eighteenth-century Spanish society, and reveals the ambivalence of women who wore, traded, mended, bartered, sold, stole or created garments that came to mark their status in society.
(DE) Anton Höger: Lute Intavolations
Anton Höger has made available his lute intavolations to those who are interested. Anton has been kind enough to make these available through downloads on the Mediafire website.
(US) New from University of Pennsylvania Press: "The Catholic Calumet: Colonial Conversions in French and Indian North America" Tracy Neal Leavelle
256 pages | 6 x 9 | 5 illus
Cloth Dec 2011 | ISBN 978-0-8122-4377-2
"With great detail and imagination, Leavelle brings a nuanced approach to conversion as cross-cultural practice, paying balanced attention to missionaries and Indians, analyzing behavior and action, song and speech, rituals and relationships, and considering plural conversions in the context of a volatile colonial world. One of the best studies I have read on the subject."—Colin G. Calloway, Dartmouth College
(DE) New items published by TREE EDITION -- October 2011
Music for Angélique, transposed for Baroque Lute by Michael Treder The manuscript contains 144 pieces in different keys. As composers are identified Jean-Baptiste, Jean-Louis and Louis Lully, de Launay, D. Gaultier, Losy, Steffani, Dubut, Hardel, Dufaut, Gallot, Vieux Gaultier. The pieces are sorted by key. Preface by Michael Treder, review about the Angélique (history, existing instruments, music for the instrument)by Andreas Schlegel. List of concordances by François-Pierre Goy and Peter Steur.
French Tablature/Baroque tuning/210 pages/2 volumes
(ES) November Book Listings from TRITÓ Edicions, S.L.: "Vocal Music: Music and Handbooks November 2011"
"El cant gregorià. Un model de música religiosa"
"Le Codex de Chypre (Torino, Biblioteca Universitaria J.II.9)"
(US) New at Oxford University Press: "Giving Voice to Love" (Judith A. Peraino) (Oct 2011)
Song and Self-Expression from the Troubadours to Guillaume de Machaut
Hardback, 384 pages
"Grafting musicology and literary studies together in an unprecedented manner, Giving Voice to Love: Song and Self-Expression from the Troubadours to Guillaume de Machaut investigates French and Occitan "courtly love" songs from the twelfth to fourteenth centuries and explores the paradoxical relationship of music and self-expression in the Middle Ages.


text: Please lend your support to Carl Malamud's effort to be appointed as the Government Printer, called YesWeScan. He has a history of breaking out closed (or difficult to get) government information. I've known him for over 17 years, and I trust that as the printer of government documents, he will make sure that these documents are also freely available in electronic form. Open Data is the left hand to Open Source's right hand!


text:
There is no better way to express the impact that electricity has on the lives of rural Tanzanian students than to hear it from a student himself. The following letter was written shortly after our installation at his school.
"My name is Regan John Mahondo, a student from Malangali Secondary School. On behalf of all students, I would like to take this opportunity to thank you all (American people) for the support of solar lights in the dormitory where the deaf students stay. You have solved a part of the problem to the students of Malangali Secondary. Malangali is one of the biggest public schools, and was built in 1928. Regardless, power is a big problem.
We promise we are going to use the system properly and we are going to keep it so that it can last for the use of present students and the coming ones.
We also suggest if possible, once the chance of helping institutions with power comes again, please make a first regard to Malangali. We hope even our academic performance will rise, because now students can study at night for almost 5 hours. We are very very happy with this project.
Lastly we promise we are gong to take care of the materials installed in the dormitory so it works for a long time.
Wishing you all the best on your journey back, pass our regards to the USA people that we really appreciate your help. We hope you will come back to Malangali and help provide more solar power in the other buildings which are missing light.
Regan John Mahondo
Malangali Student Form 6.
25, August"
John just told these students that they were getting lights to study at night.
This school was not originally on our schedule. We drove to Malangali to help with a government-sponsored retrofit of an old (and poorly installed) solar system at the district medical clinic across the road. This job required only a couple of us, so with time to kill and with an extra set of solar equipment in the back of the truck, myself and the others decided to walk across the street to the school. We were initially greeted by Regan, a form 6 student – the equivalent of a high school senior.
We choose to install the solar system on the dormitory that housed the deaf students. These are students that communicate visually, through hand signals. When the sun goes down, all means of communication are lost with the daylight.
Kelly Shuman communicating via sign language beneath a row of recently installed solar-powered lights.
The students were extremely curious and were persistent in offering their help. They asked questions about everything, where I was from, physics questions about the solar panel itself, and most importantly, whether or not I liked Jay-Z…
Upon completion of the installation, I sat down behind the building to rest for a moment. Before I could really catch my breath, 30 students had gathered around me. One student, Emmanuel had brought his book on electronics. He needed help understanding circuit theory.
John Trading knowledge with Emmanuel at the Malangali Seconday School.
He described to me that this was the only book on electricity in the school, and they had no one to teach it. After helping him with a few problems, he asked me another question, how to solve a log based calculus problem.
Don't tell my calculus teacher, but I had no idea! Emmanuel laughed; he finished the problem on two pages and said, "see, it's easy!"


text:
Cycling in Melbourne Australia
If you have an invitation, click the link in the email to join. Or, why not create your own group?
We are a keen but small group of cyclists who ride early and hard but safely; bright lights and plenty of reflective clothing. We pride ourselves on being great ambassadors for cycling; obeying road rules and showing courtesy to other road users (cars and cyclists). We leave from the corner of Toorak and Evergreen (formally Bass) in Inverloch. Departure time is normally 5:40am during the week but this changes on weekends and during the holiday periods. Our standard ride is the 40km 'local Loop' but we head out to the hills as often as possible. Weekend rides always finish with a coffee, often with the larger Coastal Crewzers bunch.
Location: Inverloch
Members: 40
Latest Activity: Sep 24, 2016


text:
Brian Terry needed a new print or packaging design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 99 designs submitted by 35 freelance designers.
Overcome Everything Inc.
Overcome Everything is the worlds 1st super hero training company.
Online Entrepreneurs
Small Business Owners
We're looking for a front cover design concept for a book that teaches people the basics of setting up and profiting from a WordPress blog.
The content of the book is very much like a "Dummies Guide" to WordPress except with a focus on making your blog profitable.
It's important to note that we're not looking for a cover design like the Dummies Guide series.
We're looking for something quite different!
Read on for more details...
-------------------- The book title is: --------------------
Step-By-Step Guide To Blogging
By Tellman Knudson
Edited by Pat Marcello
-------------------- Dimensions: --------------------
Width: 13.97cm
Height: 21.59cm
Bleed: 5mm
No spine or back cover is needed at this stage.
We're looking for great front cover concepts in the modern comic book (or even movie poster) style.
Please provide a 300dpi RGB PSD file if your design is chosen as the winner.
We would like the cover of this book to be in a contemporary Marvel comics cartoon style.
Please download the full project brief attached to this project or from
this link here:
Think of the modern takes on Wolverine, X-Men, Batman.
This project should be a lot of fun for the right person!
We look forward to seeing what you come up with!
Many thanks!
Brian Terry


text:
- Business Forecast
- Work With USAID
- Available Funding Opportunities
- How to Work with USAID
- Preventing Sexual Misconduct
- Private Sector Engagement
- Resources for Partners
- Opportunities for Funding: Grant & Partnership Programs
- Build a Partnership With Us
- Bring us Your Ideas
- Get Involved
- Careers
For fifty years, USAID programs have saved and improved millions of lives around the world, advanced American values, increased global stability, and driven economic growth in emerging markets.
Our long and proud history of helping developing countries and improving quality of life is underpinned by our caring, talented workforce. It is this caring that stands as a hallmark of the Agency and shows the world our true character as a nation. Today, we are the world's premier modern development enterprise, and our 21st Century workforce find themselves doing the best work in the most amazing places, whether it is helping sick people get HIV/AIDS drugs in the most remote parts of Africa, helping farmers learn how to grow crops better in Asia, or teaching people how to govern themselves democratically.
USAID staff describe what makes them proud to work for the U.S. Agency for International Development, as the agency commemorates its 50th anniversary year.
USAID employs individuals with a wide variety of technical, managerial and operational skills to achieve our international development objectives. Our workforce is made up of direct-hire and contract employees based in the United States and at field missions around the world. We are always looking for talented people. If you are interested in working on the front lines on some of the most pressing global challenges of our times -- poverty, hunger, injustice, disease, environmental degradation, climate change and violent extremism - then USAID jobs are a great place to put your skills, education, and expertise to use.
Some of the many ways to work for USAID at the individual level include becoming a direct-hire or contract employee. Learn how you can make a difference in a career like no other. Take a moment to explore our current USAID job vacancies and learn about our benefits.
Last updated: November 02, 2017
Share This Page
Don't miss the Jan 20th deadline to apply for the Donald M. Payne Int'l. Development Grad Fellowship at USAID! Click t.co/CJqtysqN0CApply here to become the next Supervisory Management Analyst t.co/5ANl4WeApCLooking for an new and exciting position with USAID!!!! We are looking for a Management Analyst ! t.co/AO6E2Cck4E
- Who We Are
- What We Do
- What We Do
- Agriculture and Food Security
- Democracy, Human Rights and Governance
- Economic Growth and Trade
- Education
- Environment and Global Climate Change
- Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment
- Global Health
- Transformation at USAID
- Water and Sanitation
- Working in Crises and Conflict
- U.S. Global Development Lab
- Where We Work
- Reports and Data
- News and Information
- Work with USAID


text:
Links for Billie Jean Young
Billie Jean Young
This Little Light of Mine: Fanny Lee Hamer
"Get on the Bus" 2011 Recreation of the 1961 Freedom Rides
Interactive Map of the Freedom Rides
Thinkfinity Lesson Plan
Freedom Riders Resources
The Lunch Counter
Go behind the scenes on February 1, 1960 as four African-American students from North Carolina Agricultural & Technical College walked into a Greensboro F.W. Woolworth and sat down at the white-only lunch counter, refusing to leave until they were served.
Black History Resources
http://www.aresearchguide.com/300-331.html#301.45 (scroll down to Dewey Decimal number 305.896 for more)
Interactive Civil Rights Timeline
History Mystery-Interactive Game
Civil Rights Part 1 - Solve the mystery in the fewest clues
The Road to Civil Rights - An Interactive Map
Last updated Feb. 3, 2012
Grade 3
11.) Identify significant historical sites in Alabama, including locations of civil rights activities.
Grade 4
10.) Describe significant social and educational changes in Alabama during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
14.) Describe the social, political, and economic impact of the modern Civil Rights Movement on Alabama.
15.) Identify major world events that have impacted Alabama since 1950.
Grade 7
11.) Describe examples of conflict, cooperation, and interdependence of groups, societies, and nations, using past and current events.
• Tracing the political and social impact of the modern Civil Rights Movement from 1954 to the present, including Alabama's role
11th Grade
12.) Trace events of the modern Civil Rights Movement from post-World War II to 1970 that resulted in social and economic changes, including the Montgomery bus boycott, the desegregation of Little Rock Central High School, the march on Washington, and the Freedom Rides.


text:
Submit Like a Man - Follow up
This post-- Submit Like a Man--on the difference between my experience on how men and women resubmit to journals who ask to see more, created some conversation, so I wanted to return to it to follow up on some of the comments & share a little more about my thoughts and beliefs behind my post.
Some of my favorite comments from that post were this--
from Michael: ...the commotion I hear must be writers running to their therapists.
from David: Damn. Guess I won't be sending my "Frog Story: an Epic of Boyhood in 36 Cantos" to you now. . . .
From Ronda: Must be in touch with my inner male. . .
From Shawnte: You've got me questioning my own masculinity, now...
Most commenters agreed with my belief and verified that they too take a while to submit.
One told me my conclusion was "and well non-sensical 'political correctness'" - Though I'm not sure what that means. But I understood he *didn't* agree with me.
Jessie brought up the point that it probably varies with each editor and I completely agree with that.
I do think a few editors may be turned off by too soon, but I would lean toward "too soon" than "too late." Especially if they read all year long and also realizing that sometimes you submit in January and by the time your submission gets to me or our Poetry Editor personally, 6 weeks may have already gone by since you sent it in.
With certain journals (Paris Review, Poetry, The New Yorker, any of the *big* guys), it might mean to resubmit during the next reading period because some of them have certain rules such as you can only submit once a year, etc.
Yes, a big YES to following literary journal guidelines.
But with journals that do not have these "submit only once during a year" rules, again, I lean towards sooner than later.
I think I bring this up because I have disappointed myself one too many times by not resubmitting soon enough after being asked to resubmit. I am the classic case of how not to submit to literary journals. I submit randomly and more infrequently than I think I should (or encourage others to do).
Also, as an editor I have seen how many of the male poets immediately send work back to us when we ask and a good majority of those submissions have been accepted.
Obviously, we each have to make our own decision on when and what to resubmit.
I guess I'm thinking about something I heard a well-known writer say once -- If you're worried about being "too forward" or "self-promoting," you're probably not; it's the writers who don't think or care about how they are being perceived that usually have the issues of being the "shameless self-promoters."
Here are some tips for the poet who is new to submitting his/her work from the Academy of American Poets. They are very basic, but they answer some questions some newer poets may have to submissions.
Also, realize, we are all in this together-- poets and editors, new poets and experienced poets. Rejection is part of the game, as is making mistakes.
In the end, my best advice to any poet is to send your best work to your favorite journals.
And if they write you a note to see more of your work and it's a journal you want to be part of, send again.
Good luck and good writing!


text:
Lol: Devin The Dude Explaining Why He Started Smoking Weed! (Kelly Coffield From In Living Color Is There))
"Devin the dude explaining why he started smoking weed" - Lil Duval
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


text:
Cancer cells tend to display both mutational and chromosomal instability. In many instances, defects in genes encoding proteins involved in the maintenance of genomic integrity have been associated with either cancer predisposition syndromes or tumorigenesis in experimental animal models.
A major aim of the Sloan Kettering Institute's Molecular Biology Program is to understand the relationship between disruption of the pathways that act to maintain the integrity of the genome and the occurrence of cancer. Our investigators use biochemical, molecular genetic, genetic, cell biological, and structural biological approaches to study many aspects of the maintenance of genomic integrity. For example, we are exploring DNA replication and its link to the cell cycle; mechanisms of DNA topoisomerases; mechanisms that underlie accurate transmission of chromosomes during cell division; the cellular response to DNA damage; the consequences of DNA damage, and the nonhomologous end-joining, homologous recombination, and replication restart pathways of DNA repair. Additional program strengths lie in the areas of regulation of gene expression and control of cell proliferation.


text:
We are looking for an Assistant Management Accountant to join our team!
We are hoping you have heard of Oasis Dental Care, but just in case let's give you a little background about us first. We are a leading provider of NHS & Private dental care across the UK & Ireland. Oasis proudly cares for over 3 million patients, providing everything from regular check-ups to specialist & cosmetic treatments. We now have over 400 practices across the UK and ROI.
You may also have heard our exciting news that we have recently joined the Bupa family! There has never been a better time to join Oasis as we work together with Bupa to help people live longer, healthier, happier lives.
To assist in the preparation, analysis and reporting of key financial data within the organisation ensuring that managers receive timely, accurate and relevant information.
- To assist the Management Accountant to produce timely and reliable management information reports when required
- Assist in the month end delivery of your reporting lines, including inputting necessary accruals & prepayments and variance analysis within required deadlines
- To understand your reporting lines, becoming an expert on the content of those lines. This includes, but is not limited to one of the following P&L costs namely: Direct Costs, Opex Costs and Headquarter expenses
- To reconcile relevant balance sheet accounts
- Become a CODA and Hyperion Planning (Essbase) skilled-user
- To deal with queries from operational and practice managers in a timely and effective manner escalating issues where appropriate
- Undertake ad hoc financial analysis as required
- Ensure that financial records are accurate and complete, and maintained in accordance with relevant company, external audit and legislative requirements
- Support the budgeting process, working with operations to ensure a robust budget process is achieved
- To assist in the preparation of the year end accounts, regular stock takes and audit information as required
- Computer literate – advanced Excel
- CIMA, ACCA or ACA studier, AAT qualified or relevant degree
- Well organized and a good planner
- Effective communication and interpersonal skills
- Team worker
- Commitment to work to deadlines
- High degree of accuracy and attention to detail
- It would be an advantage to have experience working with high volumes of data and Excel modelling
- Competitive salary and benefits
- 25 days holiday and the option to buy or sell up to 5 extra days
- Free parking
- Progression and development
- Contributory pension
- Cycle to work scheme
- Discount in over 7000 retailers
- Salary sacrifice scheme including childcare vouchers


text:
It seems your Email is not registered with us. Enter Your Mobile Number to Signup
Sold by: Craftsvilla (5/5)
100% Buyer Protection, 7 Days Easy Return policy Know More
Product Description
• Brand: Sukkhi • Product Type: Combo• SKU: 215CB4600• Colour: White• Material: Zinc• Plating: Rhodium• Stone Used: Australian Diamond• Design: CAD/CAM• Dimension: Product 1: Necklace - 14 cm Earrings - 4 cm Weight: 100gProduct 2: Necklace - 3.5"" / 7.0" Earrings- 2.75" / 1.50" Weight: 100gProduct 3: Necklace - 3.0inch / 4.0inch Earrings- 2.75inch / 1.25inch Weight: 50gOverall Weight: 250g• Description: This Sukkhi Pleasing 3 Piece Necklace Set Combo has wonderful look and is perfect for casual wear. It includes 3 Necklace Set. Embellished with Australian Diamond, it gives a rich appeal. You can wear this set together or individually on western as well as traditional attire. This value-for-money combo is a smart choice.• Care label: Avoid of contact with water and organic chemicals i.e. perfume sprays. Avoid using velvet boxes, and pack them in airtight boxes. After use , wipe the jewellery with soft cotton cloth. • Note: The image has been enlarge for better viewing. • Disclaimer: Product colour may slightly very due to photographic lighting source or your monitor settings.
Seller Details
Craftsvilla (5.0/ 5)


text:
Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
Reina not expecting Anfield return
Goalkeeper Pepe Reina admits it is difficult to see himself playing for Liverpool again.
The Spaniard was loaned to Napoli in the summer as manager Brendan Rodgers brought Belgian stopper Simon Mignolet to the club from Sunderland.
The arrangement may be a temporary one, but Reina, who is back working under former Reds boss Rafa Benitez in Italy, does not expect to return to Anfield.
"At the moment it's difficult to think about being a Liverpool player next year," the 31-year-old told the Daily Mail. "They have a young goalkeeper in Simon Mignolet and the manager prefers him to me.
"That's the reason why I'm here and he will be at the club next year as well. There's no reason to think I'll be a Liverpool player from now on but we'll see where the future takes us.
"It's been a good move so far and I don't regret what happened. I would have preferred to say goodbye in a different way."
Reina had not been expecting to move in the summer.
"It did come as a surprise," he said. "It was the club [Liverpool] who made the move. I was on my holidays and nobody told me anything.
"Suddenly Napoli called and said they were agreeing terms with Liverpool and Liverpool just rang me two days later and said the same. They probably had their own reasons."


text:
San Diego Events, Coupons, Reviews!
Subscribe to KidsScoop! The monthly family event and savings newsletter.
LUZIA takes you to an imaginary Mexico, like in a waking dream, where light ("luz" in Spanish) quenches the spirit and rain ("lluvia") soothes the soul. With a surrealistic series of grand visual surprises and breathtaking acrobatic performances, LUZIA cleverly brings to the stage multiple places, faces and sounds of Mexico taken from both tradition and modernity.
Last night I had the fortunate experience of witnessing, participating, enjoying & being completely mesmerized by the Cirque du Soleil performance of Luzia at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, California!
What can I tell you about this experience? It was awe-inspiring! It was entertaining. It was stunningly beautiful. Breathtaking. Hilarious. Fun. Intimate. And I'd go again tonight if I could!My fellow Mommy Friend and I braved the freeway north through the end of rush-hour traffic to arrive at the Cirque du Soleil big-top erected outside Dodger Stadium just after the venue gates opened. Parking was quick and easy (although my wallet was $25 lighter) and we had a very short walk to the security check point from the car. Once inside, popcorn, hotdogs, soda, pretzels, cotton candy and a nice array of adult beverages were available for theme-park-equivalent prices (no real surprise, but I'd love to be pleasantly surprised with reasonable prices for a teensy plastic cup of wine once in a while).
A special offer from the promoters for CHill Thoughts readers: Family Pack to Cirque du Soleil - LUZIAEnjoy this production with the whole family and save 20% on tickets!https://www.cirquedusoleil.com/usa/los-angeles/luzia/buy-tickets


text:
Wyo. Military Department plans to furlough more than 430 employees
The Wyoming Military Department is planning to furlough more than 430 employees due to the Department of Defense's planned furlough beginning April 26 for up to 176 hours through the end of September.
The majority of the employees work in Cheyenne at the Joint Forces Readiness Center and the Wyoming Air National Guard. All employees, including 108 state employees funded 100 percent by federal funds, will receive furlough notices before the end of next week.
Maj. Gen. Luke Reiner, Wyoming's adjutant general, said "the guard will remain operationally ready and take care of our affected employees to the maximum extent possible during the planned furlough period." He added that the guard is "doing everything possible to ensure when the call comes from Gov. Mead to assist Wyoming residents, the Wyoming National Guard will be ready to do so with minimal delay and maximum ability."
The Wyoming Army National Guard's field maintenance facilities in Cheyenne, Evanston, Laramie and Lovell will be closed on Fridays to save on maintenance and utility costs. All other buildings will operate under the agency's normal business hours.
Flying hours for the Wyoming Army National Guard's UH-60 helicopters and the Wyoming Air National Guard's C-130 aircraft are being carefully managed to ensure crews remain current and operational. The Wyoming Air Guard's 243rd Air Traffic Control Squadron also remains on the job - at least through Sept. 30th, the proposed closure date the Federal Aviation Administration has set for the Cheyenne Regional Airport control tower. The 243rd, along with FAA personnel, perform air traffic control and radar operations for the Cheyenne airport.
The Wyoming Military Department also will have significant changes to its community support policies. Flyovers and aviation static displays have been curtailed and armory use and other community support functions may also need to be stopped or reduced.


text:
Fire Danger Moved to 'Low' + Advice to Prepare for Next Fire Season [AUDIO]
With the recent cool, wet weather in Western Montana, the Missoula County Fire Protection Association announced Thursday, September 26, that fire danger has officially been dropped from 'marginal' to 'low.'
Cindy Super, Fire Information Officer with the Department of Natural Resources and Conservation said the recent rains played a big part in Thursday's announcement.
"Initially, the rain didn't really get underneath the canopy, and that's probably still the case in some of the thicker stands of trees," Super said. "The rain certainly helped increase the moisture levels, so we're ready for low fire danger."
After looking at the damage created by the Lolo Creek Complex, Super offered advice for homeowners who live in the wildland urban interface who may face danger from wildfires in the future.
"Firesafe Montana is one resource people can use to learn about what people can do to prepare their homes and families if a fire comes," Super said. "Grant money is also available if people need help paying for their projects. We've got names of contractors that have good reputations and know how to do good work. They can also just check with their local fire department, or give us a call at DNRC. The winter is a good time for us to come talk to people about what they can do both with their house and if they have timbered lands around their house, about what they can do to help slow down or stop wildfires."
DNRC Fire Information Officer Cindy Super:


text:
Hello fellow non-believers!
I am new to TA but the question I pose is certainly not a fresh one: Can Atheists and Theists co-exist?
We all know that historically Theists and other Theists cannot co-exist peacefully. War and violence in the name of Religion has been widespread over the entirety of human existence, but it has to be said that civility between believers and non-believers in the modern age has been commonplace. Formal (mostly amicable) debates and the agreement on separation of church and state have somewhat proven this theory, right?
Do the majority of Atheists really strive for a world of empty churches, bible burning and the end of religion forever? Maybe some of us do, just as many Theists probably pray for the conversion of all Atheists to Theism.
What can we realistically hope to achieve as Atheists, and in your opinion is it possible to co-exist with the believers?
I'll leave you with some interesting quotes -
"The whole war between the atheist and the theist comes down to this: the atheist believes a 'what' created the universe; the theist believes a 'who' created the universe."
- Criss Jami
"I'm noticing an exciting trend around the country: a resurgence of interest in Christian apologetics (the defense of the faith). This is a reaction to the current attacks on the essentials of Christianity that are coming from militant atheists, radical professors, and Internet gadflies."
- Lee Strobel
"I am against religion because it teaches us to be satisfied with not understanding the world."
- Richard Dawkins
"Religion is part of the human make-up. It's also part of our cultural and intellectual history. Religion was our first attempt at literature, the texts, our first attempt at cosmology, making sense of where we are in the universe, our first attempt at health care, believing in faith healing, our first attempt at philosophy."
Views: 1979
... it suddenly occurs to me that I don't know many intelligent girls.
Wow. I'm popping some popcorn.
no. religion should be kept quiet. everybody needs to keep it to theirselves. bieng a christian means having a relationship with god, not god and the whole world.
I think we can co-exist. I feel the same way about this as I do the gays. As long as they don't try to push their beliefs onto me, I am fine.
By pushing the beliefs, i meant as long as they dont try to turn me gay. im not homophobic or anything. i just dont think its the right way to go. i support them. i just dont want to be them.
One thing I did as part of my on-going philosophy interest/training, I went to several conferences for gay rights/marriage, and bisexual conflicts. After lots of enlightening conversations and good pizza, it became clear that you 'CAN NOT FAKE BEING GAY!'
There seems to be something different, but it is not about belief. Belief issues come into play during and after the emergence of the identity, with the other folks making it hard to cope and survive the expression of that identity.
We each emerge or submerge out of/into the some social construct of 'normal'. Atheism, for many would be an expression of the 'abnormal'. While with large groups of atheists, the belief/attitude appears to be normal, and the linguistic expressions of the group are good attempts to sustain that perception.
Gay folks are surrounded by multiple social constructs, some welcoming, others cruel and alienating. As an atheist, I have seen this in my own life, and can be treated differently just by using my words differently, or mentioning a detail that might not be common knowledge/experience.
Theists generally assume that they are the 'in group', with the divine right to define, normal, moral, justice, knowledge, wisdom, authority, and history.
I suggest not being affraid of gays, be more concerned about the folks that might like to define them out of existence, or deny basic human rights to them. Denying rights to one, can wedge open the gates to denying rights to any that might be convenient or politically useful.
So, being gay is a set of beliefs, not a sexual orientation.
Is that a statement of fact, or a question? See, how it works, is that statements of fact generally end in periods ("."), whereas questions usually end in question marks ("?").
I was feeding my interpretation of her belief back to her. Not a question; a statement.
Atheists accept that the universe wasn't a creation be it by a magical person or anything else with a mind.
BTW, I won't watch that video on the possibility I might see someone's head sawed off. if that's what's there, my feeling is that the post should be removed and reposted minus the video.


text:
Feb. 17, 2006
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. - Springfield College won both relays, including an electrifying finish in the 400 medley to move out to a commanding lead after the first day of the 2006 NEWMAC Women's Swimming and Diving Championships. The Engineers, currently second in the 10-team field, had plenty to cheer about on opening night after smashing school records in both relays.
The Pride grabbed the first win of the night, capturing the 200 free relay with a NEWMAC Championship record of 1:37.91. During prelims, Springfield split 1:37.87 to set the NEWMAC open and Zesiger Pool records. Springfield paced an unprecedented attack on the NEWMAC record books as both second-place Wellesley (1:38.00) and third-place MIT (1:38.42) topped the previous championship mark. The Cardinal and Gray dropped two seconds from the finish at Friday morning's trials.
Thornton led from start to finish in the 500 free, crushing her own Institute record by three seconds en route to a first-place finish and a time of 5:02.16. She missed the NCAA "A" cut by four-tenths of one second, although her time places her among the top 10 clips in the nation.
Babson sophomore Meg Lynch repeated as NEWMAC champion in the 200 IM, bettering her own championship standard by nearly two seconds with an NCAA "B" performance of 2:09.64. Rookie Kristen Schadow grabbed second place for Springfield, while MIT senior Jen-Jen La'O finished just off the Institute record (2:14.49) en route to a third-place finish.
Springfield powered ahead of the field with quality depth in one-meter diving. Although the Pride yielded the top two spots to All-America performers Shanti Freitas (Smith) and Doria Holbrook (MIT), Springfield snared fourth through sixth, picking up 42 of their meet-leading 298 points. Freitas (471.95) and Holbrook (464.75) destroyed the previous championship record on the one-meter board during trials. In the finals, the scores were slightly lower, but the order remained the same as Freitas out-dueled her sophomore rival en route to the top spot on the leader board.
The Pride solidified its spot ahead of the pack with a gutsy win in the 400 medley relay. Springfield led the entire race, but MIT never trailed by more than a half-body length. The two teams quickly broke away from the rest of the heat, but the finish wouldn't be decided until the last instant as Springfield out-touched the Engineers, 4:00.45-4:00.62. Both times sank the previous NEWMAC championship record, while MIT broke its school record by three seconds. Every split for each swimmer was nearly identical. Sophomore Sasha Brophy provided a tremendous effort on the final leg to give MIT a chance for the win (52.77), but she couldn't quite eclipse senior Emily Phillips (52.53), who turned in one of her greatest performances to seal the victory.


text:
Coach Mike McCoy told Around The League earlier this month that he expects Ryan Mathews to have a great year and "be the guy" in the San Diego Chargers' backfield this season.
Has McCoy already changed his mind about Mathews' role?
At the very least, McCoy is ensuring that Mathews earns the lead-back role through competition. Last season's starter has been rotating with the first and second teams early in training camp.
McCoy explained to Alex Marvez of FOXSports.com that he plans to "play the hot hand," allowing his starter to "tap out for a play or two" if a breather is needed.
"I've been raised with (Denver Broncos hed coach) John Fox in this league," McCoy explained. "We always played with a couple of backs. It doesn't matter who's in there. Keep them fresh."
Too much has been made of McCoy's comments in fantasy football circles. Fox employed a timeshare between DeAngelo Williams and Jonathan Stewart with the Carolina Panthers because the talent called for it, but he's also shown no hesitation to saddle up Stephen Davis or Willis McGahee as a workhorse.
Sure, Danny Woodhead will play on third downs and in the two-minute drill because he's simply better than Mathews in obvious passing situations. But it's way too early for hand-wringing over a few second-team reps less than two weeks after McCoy made it clear that he views Mathews as his best runner.
Mathews still is just 26 years old and boasts fresh legs, having never carried the ball more than 222 times in a season. His 2011 game film was as impressive as last season's was underwhelming after missing the majority of August and September. With health as the obvious caveat, Mathews remains a prime candidate for a bounce-back season.
Follow Chris Wesseling on Twitter @ChrisWesseling.


text:
Azolla: A New Paradigm of the Future of Rice
My research in Azolla-Anabaena (AA) began in 1980, when I joined the Institute of Chemical and Environmental Sciences at Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL) in Guayaquil, Ecuador. After many years of research and testing with various partners, the World Bank's Development Marketplace funded "Converting Rice Fields into Green Fertilizer Factories" in 2008. I would like to share with you the successes of this project, which has the potential to change the paradigm of rice production in Ecuador.
Rice in Ecuador is an essential and primary food for most of the population. The country harvests more than 300,000 hectares involving more than 140,000 families. Therefore it is important that rice is produced cost-effectively and in an environmentally sustainable manner. The production costs of rice depend on the type of seed, fertilizer and phyto-sanitary package used to control weed and insects, costs of labor, land preparation, rental equipment for seeding and harvest, and irrigation. The majority of fertilizers are chemical-based, involving heavy imports and causing environmental problems. More than 40% of the fertilizer applied is released into the environment, as plants cannot utilize 100%. In addition, purchases of imported chemical fertilizers for agriculture account for about 30% of current production costs.


text: The Amazon Sports & Outdoors Store is the leading online retailer of sporting goods and outdoor equipment. We feature specialty stores in popular categories like Exercise & Fitness, Golf, Skiing & Snowboarding, Cycling, Climbing, Hunting & Fishing, Camping & Hiking, and Boating & Watersports. We also feature a wide selection of products in Skateboarding, Surfing, Scooters, Paintball & Airsoft, Racquet Sports, and Team Sports. If you're a sports fan check out our Fan Shop. And if you consider yourself a hard-charging athlete check out our new Amazon Athlete store. No matter your sports passion or skill level, we're confident you'll find what you're looking for in the Amazon Sports & Outdoors Store.


text:
Life Aboard Ship, Dispatches From South of the "Roaring Forties"
Sunday, July 11, 2004
I'm sure you have all been dying to find out if we got to Tristan and if we got the fish. YES! A good thing, too, because we are now on our way to Capetown and the end of the voyage.
We finally were able to get ashore the morning of Friday, 9 July. Although the weather was beautiful on the 8th, we still could not land because the swell was too big. The "harbor" at Edinburgh does have a pair of jetties, but it is open to the northwest, and there was a big ground swell that would break all the way across the entrance and then sweep in to break against the sea wall inside. Not safe. We learned later that it's not unusual for ships to wait two or three weeks before being able to land cargo or passengers. So we waited it out, and luckily for us the next morning it was beautiful.
The "first wave" consisted of our two inflatables with 6 people each plus all our collecting gear (waders, buckets, dip nets and beach seines, insulated containers for keeping fish alive). The Fisheries Officer, James Glass, met us with several assistants, a light truck, and a Land Rover. After all the introductions and some brief discussions, they took us down the coast about three miles to a tide pool area where we were able to collect fish.
Members of the PALMER's science team tidepool on Tristan da Cunha with residents of the island.
Tristan is an extraordinary place, both in terms of topography, fauna, and society. In the last Bulletin I described some of the island, but to repeat: it is a large volcano, with a central crater about 6000 feet high, now dormant and filled with water. There is comparatively little arable land. In 1961, there was an eruption just to the north of the town, and all the residents were evacuated to the UK for two years. It's a measure of how much they prefer their own society that almost all of them returned when given the opportunity to do so in 1963. There are slightly fewer than 300 residents of the island, which has been settled since 1810. Tristan is British and always has been, although it was discovered by a Portuguese explorer around 1550. There is no military base, no airfield, only one road. There are only seven family names among all the locals, who (as you might expect) are all related to some degree. Oddly enough, two of the surnames are Italian, stemming from two sailors who were shipwrecked in 1892 and decided to stay on. The island is quite self-supporting because it has a profitable lobster fishery that provides steady income for the government. In addition to their "regular" occupations, almost everyone farms, raising their own meat and vegetables, and fishing.
B. diacanthus were captured in tidepools with seine nets and in the harbor with hook and line.
The lobster fishery is carried on from small open boats, called Tristan longboats. These are 23 feet long and have a small motor but can also be sailed, which of course they originally were. Because there is no safe harbor, all of the boats are stored on land and are put in and out by crane.
Tristan longboats are used for the island's lobster fishery, powered by small engines or sails.
So, I set off to walk to the end of the road south (the longest one on the island). It was about four miles, and I went from rough pavement to dirt to mud track to just following tracks across open fields. One thing I noticed very clearly during my walk was the absence of man-made noise. Except for the surf, the wind, and the noises of sheep and cattle, there was no sound not even birds! Although there are quite a few birds that nest on Tristan (rock hopper penguins, Atlantic yellow nose albatross, three species of petrels, an endemic thrush, and several other locally occurring species) these are not out in the fields and, except during breeding season, not many of the seabirds are ashore.
About 1/2 mile before reaching the end, I was stopped by a closed gate in a fence line that ran down to the cliffs. While I was wondering if I should go through the gate (I didn't see a locked anything throughout my time on the island), a Land Rover came across the field and stopped at a gate farther down the fence. I went down to it while the passenger, a woman, was unfastening the gate. I asked her if I could walk across the field and she told me that I could walk anywhere I wanted except on the mountain, which would require a guide. Then she asked if I would like a ride, which I accepted. It turned out they were Dr. and Mrs. Bloem, and Dr. Bloem (the driver) was the doctor for the island. They were South African, there on a three-year contract to provide both medical and veterinary services to the islanders and their animals. We had a very nice conversation as we drove (very slowly) down the track to the road's end, and I would have liked to talk with them longer but needed to walk back to the harbor to return to the ship.
Tristan da Cunha's single road ends and the walker has two choices: the ocean or the mountain.


text:
HEBER SPRINGS, Ark., Feb. 19 (UPI) -- Mindy McCready likely shot her dog before turning the gun on herself because she didn't want to leave her pet alone at her Arkansas home, a friend says.
"Mindy really loved her dog and that would not have been an act of malice at all," Fox News quoted the unidentified friend as saying. "It would have been more of a case where she just didn't want to leave the dog alone."
McCready, 37, fatally shot her dog, then herself Sunday afternoon.
The faded country music star had battled addictions to drugs and alcohol for years. Her two young sons were placed in foster care this month because, her family said, she wasn't taking care of them after her fiance's January death.
A memorial is being planned for McCready in Nashville, Fox News said.


text:
- Premier League
Pellegrini: Disrespectful not to play best team
Manuel Pellegrini responded to Jose Mourinho's statement that Chelsea will field a weakened team against Liverpool on Sunday by insisting that he believes managers should always field their strongest side and it is disrespectful not to pick their premier players.
Mourinho takes Chelsea to Anfield believing that Wednesday's Champions League semi-final second leg against Atletico Madrid is a greater priority for his injury and suspension-hit squad.
But while a Liverpool win on Sunday would end Chelsea's title chances, a victory for Mourinho's men would put Manchester City's destiny back in their own hands and give Pellegrini a chance to win the league.
The City manager, who believes he has done his best to secure silverware on four fronts this season, said: "It's a lack of respect to just prefer one competition and avoid others. I expect that every team should want to win every game with their best players. I always try to win, always.
"But I repeat, every manager must do what he feels is right. The only thing is to win our games, whether we have more chance or less chance."
City have five matches remaining, starting with Sunday's trip to Crystal Palace, and if they take the 15 points available, they will end the season on 86. Liverpool have 80 with three games remaining, and City have a slim lead on goal difference.
"The only thing is to win our games, whether we have more chance or less chance," the Chilean added.
Palace have won their last five games as the relegation favourites have stayed up, despite losing nine of their first 10 matches, leading to suggestions Tony Pulis should scoop the managerial awards.
"I think all the managers deserve to be the manager of the year," said Pellegrini. "Someone must decide but of course he can be one of them."


text:
Apollo the Busiest Private Equity Firm Behind US IPOs
Apollo Global Management topped the list as the most-active private-equity firm behind US IPOs this year, according to Dealogic.
Four companies it held stakes in went public, and a combined $2.17 billion of stock was sold in those IPOs by the companies and insiders.
While Realogy's $1.24 billion deal in October paled in size to Facebook's mega IPO, it definitely has a much-smoother ride.
Hinging on a rebound in property prices, the parent of the Century 21 and Coldwell Banker real-estate-brokerage firms has jumped more than 50% from its offer price.


text:
Three locations in Orange County made DogFriendly.com's 2013 top 200 list of dog- friendly spots for travelers in the United States and Canada.
Huntington Beach was cited for its Huntington Dog Beach.
The other two dog-friendly locations were Fashion Island and the Fun Zone Boat Tours, both in Newport Beach.
"Each place on the list deserves to be highlighted as a top place for people with pets to visit," said Len Kain, editor of DogFriendly.com, which publishes nationwide city guides and travel guides for dog owners.


text:
Huge Unique Custom Built Home. Full Brick Construction, Featuring Large Custom-designed Stairs On Front. 4 Or 5 Bedrooms, 6 Baths,... More Info
The data relating to Birmingham AL Real Estate on this Web site derive in part from the Greater Alabama MLS IDX program. Listings marked with the BAMLS logo are provided courtesy of the Birmingham Association of REALTORS®. © 2013 Greater Alabama MLS, Inc. All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified.


text:
How to Use the Images Photos 1 & 2
Photos 3 & 4
Photos 1 & 2
Photos 3 & 4
The Supreme Court's decision on the Brown v. Board of Education case in 1954 marked a culmination in the NAACP's plan to end segregation in schools. African-American parents throughout the country like Mrs. Hunt, shown here, explained to their children why this was an important moment in history.
Questions for Photo 6
1. What is Mrs. Hunt holding?
2. What building are Mrs. Hunt and her daughter sitting in front of? How does this add to the impact of the photo?
3. The child in the photo was only three years old at the time. How might Mrs. Hunt have felt when she explained the court ruling to her daughter?
* The photo on this screen has a resolution of 72 dots per inch (dpi), and therefore will print poorly. You can obtain a larger version of Photo 6 , but be aware that the file will take as much as 35 seconds to load with a 28.8K modem.


text:
College Level Examination Program
The College Level Examination Program (CLEP)[1] is an alternate pathway to bypass and test out of lower division coursework at participating universities. Instead of taking an introductory course, students with sufficient CLEP scores are either able to take a higher level course or, in the case of general education (GE) requirements, do not need to take the GE course. Through programs like CLEP, students are able to accelerate their college education at a fraction of the cost and ensure their graduation in four years or less.
Subjects Available
The 36 CLEP exams are in the following categories:[2]
- 6 exams in Composition and Literature (including both American and English Literature)
- 6 exams in foreign languages (Spanish, German and French, levels I and II for each)
- 12 exams in Economics (2), American Government (1), History (5) and Social Sciences (4)
- 4 exams in Mathematics:
- College Mathematics (simple math for students not majoring in math, science or engineering)
- College Algebra (material often covered in high school algebra courses)
- Precalculus (graphical representations of functions, trigonometry, etc.)
- Calculus
- 3 exams in Science
- 5 exams in Business (accounting, law, computers, management and marketing)
Nearly 3,000 colleges recognize this program, but their rules for granting credit vary widely. Some colleges do not recognize this program so it is important to check first prior to investing the time and money in this examination. But even if your preferred college does not accept this as credit, it can look very good on an application, particularly by a homeschool student who may have relatively little classwork information. At least one Conservapedian student was able to skip a year of college (and save a year's worth of college tuition plus the opportunity cost of a year's wages) based on CLEP exams.
California State Bar
All persons who wish to qualify for the bar exam by reading law must have completed college coursework or demonstrated intellectual equivalent. Scores of 50 or higher from certain CLEP exams are accepted by the Bar Examiners to fulfill this requirement. All applicants must take the English Composition exam, with or without essay, and two additional exams from a specified list of Humanities, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences and History.[3]
Christian Colleges Granting Credit for CLEP
|CLEP Policy
|Bob Jones University
|Insert link here
|Cedarville University
|Insert link here
|Grove City College
|CLEP Guidelines
|Liberty University
|Insert link here
|Messiah College
|Insert link here
|Pensacola Christian College
|Insert link here
|Pepperdine University
|Test Scores
|Wheaton College
|Insert link here
Thomas Aquinas College and Patrick Henry College do not grant credit for CLEP exams or many other forms of transfer credits.
CLEP testing occurs around once a month at participating college sites and military bases. Most exams are 90 minutes, with a few exceptions. Also, unlike AP exams, the vast majority of subject tests are completely multiple choice, making it easier to score higher. Unlike the SAT exams, no points are deducted for incorrect answers on a CLEP exam, so a student should provide an answer to every question even if it requires guessing.
The base fee for a test is $72 (as of 2009) with an additional $10 charge if the exam has a writing section. As part of the military's focus on education, there is no charge to service members or veterans for taking CLEP exams[4] and many bases have on site testing facilities. Testing centers are also allowed to collect a fee to cover the costs of test administration. While the College Board recommends that the administrative charge be around $15, each center has the discretionary authority to set its own administrative charge.
A student can control who sees his score in two ways. First, if the exam goes so poorly that a student doubts he passed and wants to cancel his score, then he should notify the administrator before the end of the exam time period and refuse to complete it for scoring.[5] Once the student completes the exam and receives a score, then the score becomes part of a permanent CLEP transcript and cannot be canceled. The student, however, can still control who receives his CLEP transcript, and can send a copy of his transcript only to the colleges that he selects. Since CLEP scores are typically used to obtain credit rather than obtaining admission, a failing CLEP score would typically be ignored without any adverse consequences.
CLEP scores are on a range from 20 to 80, with 50 (about 60%) typically being the threshold for passing. Some schools might require a higher score, however, as a condition of awarding credit. Grove City College, for example, requires a score of 60 on the Economics CLEP exams before awarding college credit for them.
CLEP v. AP
As a standardized test is used to award credit, CLEP is similar to another College Board program, Advanced Placement (AP). However, unlike AP, there is no course targeted towards preparation for the exam. The AP exam is offered only in May of each year, and there are cumbersome and expensive requirements to sign up for the exam beforehand. In contrast, CLEP testing is available at most colleges on a monthly or even weekly basis. Due to the greater access of CLEP sites, more people are able to take the tests, making the CLEP an attractive and inexpensive option.
Although AP test centers are required to be available to homeschoolers, the process for participation by homeschoolers can be difficult depending on the local public school. Early planning and substantial fees are required.
Another difference between the CLEP and AP exams is subject breadth. With 36 CLEP subjects and 31 AP subjects, both tests have a similar number of subjects. While both AP and CLEP exams cover topics outside typical general education, many topics are only covered by one exam set or the other. CLEP exams also have less testing bias than AP exams.
- ↑ http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/clep/about.html
- ↑ http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/clep/exams.html
- ↑ Pre-Legal Education Requirements. The State Bar of California. Accessed 16 January 2010.
- ↑ Reimbursement is available if any fees are charged by a testing center. See the CLEP website for details.
- ↑ http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/clep/scores.html


text:
Visit our main website at www.StDavids.com
Pamela Jones, MA
Intestinal atresia is present at birth. It is an area of the intestine that has not formed correctly. In some, the intestine may be completely closed off. Atresia makes it impossible for food or fluids to pass through.
Atresia can happen in the small or large intestines and may be named by the location:
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
It is not exactly clear what causes intestinal atresia. Low blood flow to the intestines during development may play a role.
Some types of atresia have a genetic link. They tend to occur in families.
Risk factors of jejuno-ileal atresia include use of tobacco or cocaine during pregnancy.
Atresia may cause extra fluid to surround the baby during pregnancy.
After birth, symptoms in the baby may include:
A prenatal
will be able to detect extra fluid around the baby. The doctor may suspect the extra fluid is due to atresia. More tests will be planned after birth to confirm the diagnosis.
After birth, your child's doctor will review your child's symptoms. Images of the intestines will be taken to confirm the diagnosis and locate the atresia. Tests that will help create images of the intestines include:
Some types of atresia are associated with other health problems. To look for other related problems the doctor may order:
Intestinal atresia cannot be treated until after birth.
Treatment will include surgery to repair the intestine and supportive care.
Nutrition normally enters the body through the intestines. Since the intestines are not working properly, nutrition will be delivered directly into the blood stream. Your baby will have an IV or
belly button tube. Nutrition will be delivered through the tube before and after surgery.
After surgery, the intestines will need a few days or weeks to heal. Small amounts of breast milk or formula will be slowly introduced to your baby. IV nutrition will continue to support your baby during this transition. The IV will be removed when your baby can tolerate enough breast milk or formula.
Fluid and gas can build up in the intestine. They can cause uncomfortable swelling in the abdomen and vomiting. The fluid and gas can cause complications during surgery.
A tube will be passed through the nose and into the stomach. The tube will drain fluids and gas out of the stomach and intestines. This will relieve some of the pressure in the abdomen.
Surgery will be needed to remove the damaged part of the intestine. The healthy parts of the intestine will be reconnected. Additional steps may depend on the amount of intestine that is damaged. A large area may need more than one surgery.
A feeding tube may be placed through the abdomen. This tube will help drain the stomach and deliver food.
Surgery in the lower intestine may also require a colostomy. The upper part of the remaining intestine is attached to an opening in the abdominal wall. This will allow waste to pass out of the body and give the lower intestines time to heal.
Most babies do well after surgery. Follow-up care will ensure that the intestines are working as expected.
There are no current guidelines to prevent intestinal atresia. There may be a link between atresia and smoking
and cocaine
during pregnancy.
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © EBSCO Publishing. All rights reserved.
Women's Center of Texas12221 N. Mopac Expwy.Austin, TX 78758Telephone: (512) 478-3627Map & Directions