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text: Warsaw - UEFA laid its first formal charges of racism at the European Championship on Saturday, opening a case against the Croatian football association after receiving reports that fans made monkey chants at Italy forward Mario Balotelli. Croatia is charged with "improper conduct" of supporters, including "racist chants, racist symbols" at a game in Poznan on Thursday, UEFA said in a statement. UEFA received reports from anti-discrimination monitors working with Football Against Racism in Europe, who wrote that Croatia fans made monkey noises and displayed far-right nationalist flags. Balotelli, who is black, started the game for Italy against Croatia, and was replaced in the second half of the 1-1 draw. "It was fairly consistent throughout the game," FARE executive director Piara Powar told The Associated Press. "It was at its most intense as he was substituted and left the field." The charge also relates to fireworks thrown on the field after Croatia scored, which delayed Italy's kickoff to restart the game. UEFA said its disciplinary panel will judge the case against Croatia on Tuesday. The Croatia association, known by its initials HNS, said it condemned the incident and "distances itself from all deviant behavior on the part of the fans." Those responsible were "not supporters, but hooligans who should be isolated from all sports events," the Croatian body said in a statement, appealing to UEFA "not to punish the Croatian national team." UEFA rules make national associations responsible for their fans' behavior. Punishments range from warnings and a sliding scale of fines to points deductions and even expulsion from Euro 2012. Four years ago, UEFA fined Croatia 20,000 Swiss francs (then $19,600; ?12,450) for its fans' neo-Nazi flags and chants during a Euro 2008 quarterfinals loss against Turkey in Vienna, Austria. Also in 2008, FIFA fined Croatia fined 30,000 Swiss francs (then $27,700; ?18,800) after England forward Emile Heskey was subjected to racist abuse during a World Cup qualifying match in Zagreb. UEFA is also studying reports that a banana was thrown toward the field from a section housing Croatia fans in Poznan. Balotelli has now been the target of reported abuse at both Italy matches at Euro 2012. UEFA is investigating claims by a Spanish fans' group that some Spain followers made monkey chants at him during a Group C match last Sunday in Gdansk. In a separate investigation, UEFA is seeking evidence to support claims that Russian fans made monkey noises at Czech Republic defender Theodor Gebre Selassie in Wroclaw. UEFA pledged zero tolerance of racism in Poland and Ukraine during the three-week tournament.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Red Sox Pumpkin Stencils
Are you ready to proclaim your love for the Boston Red Sox this Halloween? The Boston Red Sox have just released pumpkin stencils that are available for FREE via download. You can even have a Sox Beard on your pumpkin! To go to the Red Sox page, click HERE!
Happy Halloween and Go Sox!


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Innovecs is a US technology outsourcing company with R&D facilities in Ukraine. We specialize in Adtech, Gaming, Fintech, E-commerce, Logistics, Telecom and Healthcare. We focus on cutting-edge technologies such as Blockchain, Cloud/SaaS, Mobile technologies and BI & Big Data. Our innovative technologies and challenging projects attract highly-skilled and passionate IT specialists. This dynamic culture allows us to keep a special «product» atmosphere at Innovecs and provide excellent delivery on even the most challenging projects.
Our clients consider us as partners in offering strong technological expertise and deep understanding of their business processes. We don't just offer products, we help our clients to build successful and scalable businesses. We are proud of the fact that our clients rely on us in creating revolutionary software from scratch. Our philosophy is to exactly fulfil our clients' needs and always go the extra mile to exceed their expectations.
To learn more about us please visit: www.innovecs.com


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The LS-4300 DN, a Kyocera ECOSYS® printer, delivers the high performance, crisp image quality and low Total Cost of Ownership that today's cost conscious businesses demand.
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text:
lioness hunting
Linda L. Ruiz 5/26/2012 8:46:46 AM#1465366
Sheryl Sturges 5/26/2012 10:05:13 AMI'm thrilled beyond belief! I just joined BP in April and submitted a photo for each category and I have two finalists in the mix!
I viewed your portfolio -- wow!! You are not only gifted but experienced in this contest business yourself. Thanks so much for taking time to make me feel special. #10152793
JO ANN CLEVELAND 5/29/2012 12:14:46 PMSo glad to see this as a 1st Place Gold winner Sheryl!
Very well deserved!
jo ann c. #10159268
Kay E. Mahoney 5/29/2012 1:00:13 PMCongratulations on your firstb place winner, Sheryl. #10159387
Mary Beth Aiello 5/29/2012 1:05:56 PMJust gorgeous, Sheryl. Huge congrats on your First Place Gold. #10159415
Sheryl Sturges 5/29/2012 1:17:20 PMThank you all for your encouraging and kind remarks. I'm in a bit of shock as I didn't expect the win. There were several other images that were just outstanding. It is such a thrill to be in the company of such talented shooters as shown on BP. #10159478
Kay Beausoleil 5/29/2012 1:17:52 PMCongratulations on your First Place win for this regal image, Sheryl! #10159480
Rich Young 5/29/2012 1:35:19 PMCongrats on your fantastic image, Sheryl! #10159560
Renee Doyle 5/29/2012 5:53:59 PMGreat capture of the moment!! Congratulations on your First Place Winner Sheryl! #10160128
Irene Colling 5/29/2012 8:33:39 PMFantastic photo, expertly presented.
Congratulations Sheryl on your gold award photo. #10160501
Sheryl Sturges 5/29/2012 8:50:36 PMThanks to everyone for all the encouragement and well wishes. I feel so supported and compelled to reciprocate as it means so much. I'm hoping to post my bio photo alongside this comment, so if it doesn't work, you'll know my intent.
Thanks all. #10160520
Sheryl Sturges 5/29/2012 8:52:31 PMThanks to everyone for all the encouragement and well wishes. I feel so supported and compelled to reciprocate as it means so much. I'm hoping to post my bio photo alongside this comment, so if it doesn't work, you'll know my intent.
Thanks all. #10160522
Usman M. Bajwa 5/29/2012 10:44:57 PMBIG BIG CONGRATZ Sheryl. WTG!!!
Ann Coates 5/29/2012 10:47:35 PMCongratulations on your outstanding First Place Gold. #10160639
Lindley Johnson 5/30/2012 6:50:02 AMThis is a fantastic image, Sheryl, and a well-deserved First Place Win. Congratulations! #10161215
Andre Larose 5/31/2012 4:51:05 AMCongratulations Sheryl! Super capture of this wonderful beast. #10162668
Patrick Rouzes 6/2/2012 1:12:39 PMCONGRATS on this incredible Gold Medal Winner, Sheryl!
David M. Montero 6/8/2012 12:33:19 PMI apologize for my tardiness. Congratulations on your gold award for this wonderful capture of nature in the wild Sheryl. #10173077
Merna L. Nobile 6/8/2012 3:08:45 PM
Achievement begins with belief, CONGRATULATIONS on your achievement!Merna
Image of hungry lioness on the hunt. Our safari group follow this young lioness over an hour. We thought she had lost a cub she was so intent, but indeed she was simply hungry. Many attempts yielded no result.
lion, wildlife photography, wildlife, nature, nature photography, travel, Africa, Kenya, wild animals, photo trip to Africa, photography workshops, safari trips, fine art photography, female photographer, stock photo
Exif: F Number: 5.6, Exposure Bias Value: 0.00, ExposureTime: 25/10000 seconds, Flash: did not fire., ISO: 320, White balance: Auto white balance, FocalLength: 300.00 mm, Model: NIKON D80
Uploaded on 4/13/2012 10:10:02 AM
Camera: Nikon D300 Digital SLR Camera
Copyright for this gallery photo belongs solely to Sheryl Sturges. Images may not be copied, downloaded, or used in any way without the expressed, written permission of the photographer.
Log in to follow or message this photographer or report this photo.


text:
New messages in the last hour
Get a response within minutes
92% percent of messages responded to
Gamestation selling 8 gig PSV mem cards at £32 bleedin' footpads!
at Asda you can pick up a 16 gig for £38
Solved! Go to solution
Indeed - I got my 16GB from ASDA at the midnight launch, and a few games - much cheaper than gamestation. Shame about Game / gamestation being in trouble, but hiking up prices won't help, it will just make more people turn away....
@Plambey wrote:
#vitaProTip: buy from Asda. dont buy from Gamestation...
The memory cards are very pricey.
I got a 4gig in my £250 bundle but I will need to upgrade in the near future
@iTzGilbert wrote:
The memory cards are very pricey.
I got a 4gig in my £250 bundle but I will need to upgrade in the near future
Yeah my mate's husband bought a standard 16 gig SD MC thinking it would work and ended up forking out twice.
The problem is that Gamestation are charging more than Sony for an 8Gb card. Sony sell these for £29.99 themselves.
Yeah i was shocked when i looked in game - Gamestation yesterday £45 for uncharted I was like ...Off
ASDA again seems ot be best value for me atm, Accesories games and memory and not too far from me.
@Rubber-Duckie74 wrote:
Gamestation will be the 1st thing in the UK to go as GAME look to cut back on their cash crisis.
Yep they are the same company Game bought Gamestation in 2007 for 74 mill
No No No Game will always give you the best deals LOL
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text:
What's needed to make an NT boot disk that can read NTFS partitions?
Anytime I create a boot disk it still loads files from the hard disk and boots into the Windows NT Gui. It is booting of the disk first, but then continues to load Windows. B
I want to bypass this completely and boot to a dos prompt.
Any ideas?


text:
Summer is upon us and youngsters are free to roam the earth again without the regular daily school schedules. During the summer months, spas sometimes see a dip in their numbers because of camp, little league, vacations and, in general, less free time for moms to make it to the spa. Some moms don't have help during the summer and as full-time homemakers, are left to entertain their brood solo. As a health club, you probably are already offering childcare to your members. That is a huge advantage over the common spa that typically doesn't offer any type of child-minding. In fact, the more creative you get with your programs for summer, the more profitable your spa will become.
Make a mental note that next year, Mother's Day should focus on getting moms through the summer. Planning for special moments away from the hectic summer schedule with a summer survival gift certificate makes a great deal of sense. However, your spa can guide members through the experience by selling a summer pass that allows for specific services as they occur during the hot and hectic season. The kick off should be an early summer pedicure sold with a home care mini kit for pedicare tune-ups. Next, a contouring therapy followed by an exfoliation and natural body glow gets mom ready for poolside. An express facial and product evaluation for the sun is a must do before the 4th of July or mom will be sizzling like a firecracker. By the end of July, a massage will be in order.
Most families take their vacations during the last two weeks of July or the first two weeks of August. The best way to prepare for that lull is to prepare the client for her vacation. Make a point of doing a mailing in the first week of July extending packages that "will make you look your best for vacation." With the end of August, and the busy period of getting kids back to school, market "Fall Back" packages to take off any unwanted years, slough off the effects of the sand and sun of the summer and prepare your fall color palette and skin nourishing routine. Busy people respond well to marketing with direction. If you don't tell them, they won't come in.
Some people will not take a summer vacation this year. Gas prices are ridiculously high, the economy is still leaving many counting their pennies, and some just don't take regular vacations. Offer a day of luxury to those who need a vacation — if only for a day. If they have children, make a day of childcare a part of the package or include their children in the club's summer day camp program. Another idea is to have lunchtime services where the children are watched and fed while mom gets an extra-long break in the middle of the day. Yet another popular diversion for summer is the mother/daughter track. Toward the end of summer, offer a special that allows mothers and daughters to spend a day together to unwind and prepare for the upcoming school year. Mothers can have express facials, manicures and pedicures while the daughter is educated on a proper skin care regimen, tasteful use of makeup and the essentials of nail care.
Having a barbeque, a swim fest or a triathlon this summer? Invite your massage therapists to do chair massages at special events. Hand out spa menus and gift with service coupons to generate extra business this summer. If your climate is appropriate, offer massage outdoors to allow other members to see people receiving services. Offer poolside manicures and pedicures. Offer a summer "happy hour" during the busy after work hours by offering a slight discount on services from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. Have extra therapists on hand to service walk-ins. Place a spa representative at the front desk to promote specialty summer spa therapies. Announce spa promotions at the beginning of group activity classes, swimming classes and kid's club activities. The one thing that clubs still fail to do regularly is to get the word out. If they don't know, they won't go.
Melinda Minton is a spa consultant and health and beauty expert in Ft. Collins, CO. She is the founder of the Spa Association, an organization dedicated to enriching the professional beauty industry through self-regulation, education and sound business practices.


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Cube+ | One Page Parallax HTML Template | Prosyscom Tech
Cube+ is a Modern Multipurpose Parallax HTML Landing Page. This Template is Suited for any type of website, personal or business use. The Landing Page is designed with modern look and feel while keeping in mind to make it user friendly and eye catching so that people using it can get the best out of their website.
Cube+ is fully responsive design ready to look stunning on any devices & it has been developed by using the Twitter 3.2 Bootstrap framework.
» Parallax
» no-parallax
If you like my theme please do not forget to rate it!
Material Design Added
- 100% Responsive Design / Grid System
- HTML5 and CSS3 design
- Twitter Bootstrap
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- Option of Parallax and without Parallax
- Clean & Modern Flat Design
- Web Friendly Fonts
- Google Fonts Integration
- Internet Explorer 8+, Firefox, Safari, Opera, Chrome
- Well Documented Code and Css
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- Organized Coding
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- Responsive Pricing Tables
- Twitter Integration
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- Crossbrowser Compatible
- Functional Contact Form
- Valid Mail.php
Bonus HTML Files:
- 404 Page
- Coming Soon Page
- Privacy Policy Page
- Fonts Used:
- Lato
- Roboto
Update History:
V2.1 Update (18 Jan 2018)
Fixed - Mobile NAV Issue
Added - Material Design Added - 8 Header Style Fixed - CSS issue
Update (19 October 2014)
- Bootstrap 3.2 - Another Color Layout
Changelog: - Chrome Browser Scroll Problem Fixed. - Sticky Menu Updated.
Release Version 1.0
Images are not included in this file and is only part of Display.


text:
Since no GM plants are being commercially grown in Italy, co-existence is not yet a topic of great importance. Nevertheless, co-existence regulations are being implemented on the national and regional level.
The federal law 28/1/2005 defines the minimum co-existence measures which farmers must take to segregate GM, conventional and organic crops. Producers of GM crops in Italy must also abide by the co-existence requirements of local regions and autonomous provinces. The deadline for finalising these regional co-existence plans is July 28th, 2006. Only after the Federal Ministry of Agriculture has agreed to these plans will it be possible to commercially produce GM crops.
No system of liability for economic losses due to unintentional admixture with GMOs exists in Italy at this point.


text:
Physical Sciences
Research Highlights
July 2012
Flexible Molecular Cages Expand to Pack in Multiple Metals
Solid metal frameworks retain shapes after unpacking, allowing detailed measurements
Results: By expanding and rearranging certain connections, a rare molecule packs in two different metals, not just one, according to scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. This captivating molecule, a metal organic framework or MOF, expands by 33 percent when it takes in metals. Unlike most MOFs, the molecule forms and breaks bonds with the charged metals it carries. It is also highly selective, taking in only metals that are missing two electrons. As a bonus, this unusual MOF works as a solid. The features of this MOF, part of a small class of molecules called soft anionic MOFs, create possible avenues for manipulating the molecule's carrying capacity.
"Not many MOFs can capture and incorporate metals like this," said Dr. Praveen Thallapally, a materials scientist who worked on the study at PNNL. "Maybe 0.05 percent of papers in the area report on these types of reactions, and they don't involve the MOF as a solid. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented report of capturing metal ions with soft anionic MOFs in the solid state."
Why It Matters: Reclaiming naturally occurring uranium from seawater to power nuclear plants, turning electroplating's waste stream into a profit source, and meeting numerous other challenges require solving the same problem: selectively extracting metals from a liquid. Scientists want to design a material that can capture certain metals. The soft anionic MOF they studied selectively picks up certain metals with a +2 charge, known as transition metal divalent cations. This study provides foundational knowledge about this promising capture material.
"This knowledge is an important step," said Dr. Jun Liu, who leads PNNL's Transformational Materials Science Initiative. "This research could plug into a lot of different areas of interest, including batteries, sensors, nuclear fuel, environmental cleanup, and electroplating."
Methods: The team began by synthesizing a flexible, negatively charged zinc-based MOF, called the parent molecule. They added the molecules to a solution containing cobalt cations, which are cobalt atoms minus two electrons. As the scientists watched, the solution quickly turned violet, indicating that the MOF captured the cobalt, creating a MOF that contained both zinc and cobalt, which was as expected.
"But, we wanted to see what would happen next," said Thallapally.
Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory studied a metal organic framework with a negative charge and a flexible structure. The framework captured positively charged metal ions, and in the process lost its charge.
The team added the zinc-cobalt MOF to a solution with copper cations. The solution turned blue as the soft anionic framework picked up the copper. The result? A single MOF holding three different metal ions. The team experimented with different combinations and found that the MOF preferred divalent metal ions over alkali metal cations, such as sodium and lithium ions. The team measured the uptake of each metal at each step using ultraviolet spectrometry.
Using a single-crystal x-ray diffraction spectrometer in PNNL's Physical Sciences Laboratory, the team determined that the material grew 33 percent larger when it took up the metals. As the framework picked up the positively charged metal ions, it slowly lost its negative charge and became neutral.
As an added bonus, the team found that they could study the structure of the MOF without the guest metal. Typically, when the guest molecule is removed, the pore collapses, making it impossible to measure. The team analyzed the size of the pore where the guest metal resided. They also determined how the metals are oriented in the pore, how they bind, and what happens to the MOF structure and electron balance when they leave.
"We are gaining significant insights into MOFs and what they can do," said Dr. Jian Tian, a postdoctoral research fellow at PNNL and first author on the study. "I am looking forward to building that knowledge base."
What's Next? The team is looking at how the soft anionic MOF forms and how much of each metal is packed into the MOF. "The composition of each metal in the MOF has yet to be determined," said Thallapally. "That's next."
Funding: This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, and the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering.
Research Team: Jian Tian, Lax Saraf, Birgit Schwenzer, Jun Liu, and Praveen Thallapally at PNNL; Stephanie Taylor, Euan Brechin, at the University of Edinburgh; and Scott Dalgarno, Heriot-Watt University.
Reference: J Tian, LV Saraf, B Schwenzer, SM Taylor, EK Brchin, J Liu, SJ Dalgarno, and PK Thallapally. 2012. "Selective Metal Cation Capture by Soft Anionic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Drastic Single-Crystal-Single-Crystal Transformations." Journal of the American Chemical Society 134(23):9581-9584. DOI:10.1021/ja303092m.


text:
Registration Information for SPRING 2019
Please click registration for schedules, unit limits and waitlist information for Spring 2019.
Wait Lists
The Biology Department will be using the waitlists available on PeopleSoft. For more information, visit the Registrar page of FAQ's on waitlists.
Sonoma State's policy on repetition of courses has recently changed. Please review the current policy here.
Wait List Policy and Procedures
- Reg 1, Pass One: Classes open to enrollment per registration appointment and pre-requisites. Biol 220 & 224 will be blocked for repeating students.
- Reg 2, Pass Two: Enrollment as above, until class is full. Once all seats are filled, the class will be restricted to further online enrollment (put on Department or Instructor Consent Required) and the wait list process begins. Note: not all classes will go to Consent Required.
- Reg 2, Open Reg, Add/Drop: Process continues as above
Policy for Repeats in Impacted Courses
Due to enrollment pressure and budgetary constraints, chances of repeating impacted course are quite low and not guaranteed to everyone . Please make a concerted effort this semester to obtain the grade that will meet the requirements of your major.
Process for Repeating the Course
You must complete a Course Repeat Exception form and submit it for the Biology Department chair's approval before you will be considered for any openings in the course. Students who enroll in the course for a second time during Reg I or Reg II will be dis-enrolled. Any students who are repeating the coures without a signed Repeat of Course form will be dis-enrolled and subject to academic discipline.


text:
I would like to hire a Photoshop Designer
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text: Alan Scheinine schrieb: > Many venders sell U1 cases for dual Opteron based on the Tyan > main boards, but on the other hand, a vender here says that the > product Newisys 2100 is much more reliable than Tyan though it > costs 10 to 20 percent more. I have not previously heard of > Newisys and I do not recall it being mentioned in this mailing > list. Would anyone like to comment? > best regards, > Alan Scheinine Email: scheinin at crs4.it > _______________________________________________ > Beowulf mailing list, Beowulf at beowulf.org > To change your subscription (digest mode or unsubscribe) visit http://www.beowulf.org/mailman/listinfo/beowulf Hi Alan, we have some Opteron cluster nodes and some Opteron workstations based on the Arima HDAMA MB (Rioworks http://www.rioworks.com/HDAMA.htm). We are quite happy with those systems, because there are running without any failure since installation (one year ago). And as far as I know, there are some 1U barebones with this type of board, too. If you looking for a remote managment system on your motherboards, there is the possibility to attach an IPMI-Board called ARMC to the HDAMA. This would give you the same mamagement features like the Newisys boards, but for additional costs (~300 US$ ??) and size. Thomas -- __/|__ | Dipl.-Math. Thomas Alrutz /_/_/_/ | DLR Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology |/ | Numerical Methods Department DLR | Bunsenstr. 10 | D-37073 Goettingen/Germany


text:
PHOTOS: 2013 Tortuga Music Festival
Here are photos from last year's inaugural Tortugal Festival with artists like Lynyrd Skynryd, The Wailers and The Avett Brothers, plus headliner Kenny Chesney. This year's show features a lineup with Train, Hank Williams Jr., Ziggy Marley, Slightly Stoopid, Luke Bryan, Dierks Bentley and Sheryl Crow. For tickets and more on this year's show, go to this link.
Copyright © 2019, Sun Sentinel


text:
By Steve Keating
AUGUSTA, Georgia, April 13 (Reuters) - Brandt Snedeker is a man with a plan and it is a simple one after he surged into a share of the third-round lead at Augusta National on Saturday - win the Masters.
After firing a bogey-free three-under 69 to join Argentine Angel Cabrera in the final pair on Sunday, Snedeker promised he had learned his lessons from five years ago when he also played in the last group and left his news conference in tears.
Snedeker was two behind going into the final round that day and had briefly held a share of the lead before dropping six shots over the last 16 holes to finish in a tie for third.
"I had no clue what I was doing in 2008," recalled the 32-year-old Snedeker. "I had no game plan, no idea of when to be aggressive, when not to be aggressive, how to play this golf course the way you're supposed to play it.
"I have a completely clear focus of what I need to do tomorrow, a clear set of goals that I need to hit."
When it comes to achieving goals, world number five Snedeker has already ticked off quite a few while establishing himself as one of golf's top talents.
The American enjoyed a spectacular campaign last year with a win at the Farmers Insurance Open, followed by a third place finish at the British Open, a maiden selection to the U.S. Ryder Cup team and capped off by taking home a $10 million bonus as the FedExCup winner with victory at the Tour Championship.
But all that, says the fast-talking Snedeker, was merely preparation for Sunday.
"I've spent 32 years of my life getting ready for tomorrow and it's all been a learning process and I am completely, 100 percent sure that I'm ready to handle this no matter what happens tomorrow," said Snedeker.
"I'm not here to get a good finish. I'm not here to finish top five. I'm here to win and that's all I'm going to be focused on tomorrow.
"I realise what I have to do and I'm going to do everything I can to make sure that that happens."
Snedeker carried his momentum from last year into this season and would have been among the favourites to don the green jacket if not for a rib injury.
One of the game's best putters, Snedeker started the season as the PGA Tour's hottest player with a win, two runner-up finishes and a third place from five starts to race to the top of the FedExCup standings.
But following his fifth PGA Tour victory at Pebble Beach in February, Snedeker put himself on the sidelines to rest his sore rib cage to be ready for the year's first major.
After missing five weeks, he returned to action at the Arnold Palmer Invitational where he failed to make the cut.
A rusty Snedeker also missed the cut the following week at the Houston Open, leaving him as a Masters wildcard instead of a favourite.
"It's been two seasons, I guess, is the best way to put it," said Snedeker. "The first part of the season, I was healthy, playing great, nothing was wrong. Then I got hurt and had to start pretty much from scratch again.
"I'm fresh, I'm mentally fresh and physically fresh and you know, this is what I've worked my whole life for is tomorrow. So I'm really excited about what tomorrow holds." (Editing by Mark Lamport-Stokes)


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Riff Raff Reacts To His Youtube Comments!
Riff Raff sat down to respond to some of the comments left on his music
video "TiME" on Youtube with Noisey
Posted by Jay
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


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If you like to cook with scallions (aka green onions or green shallots) did you know you can keep the white root ends from purchased scallions in a glass of water and they will regrow almost indefinitely?
Household weblog Homemade Serenity shares how scallion ends can regrow in in a glass of water. Just put the root ends in a glass of water and put that glass in a sunny window. After a few days you should be able to begin harvesting the green ends of the scallions. Make sure you change the water every so often and cut what you need with scissors before cooking.
Putting Food By - Beef, Onions, and Vanilla | Homemade Serenity via Punk Domestics


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It is a accepted actuality that tattoos achromatize overtime. Even admitting you went through a aching affliction to get the admirable tattoos that you have, unfortunately, they will not absorb their admirable and adorable appearance.
Because of this fact, abounding humans are allotment to accept photos taken of their tattoos. And this is what boom photography is all about. Aside from accepting absolute mementos of your physique ink, boom photography is aswell a appropriate way of affectionate and showcasing a boom (or tattoos) back accepting a walking canvas rarely provides added humans a abutting analysis of the derma art. By accepting photos of your physique ink taken, you can appearance them off added finer – and beneath abominably as well, back you charge to cull at or advance up your clothes to accord humans a bigger attending at the tattoo.
There are assertive tips you can chase to accomplish abiding you get the a lot of amazing photos of your tattoos. Below are some of these:
• If you are antic almost old tattoos, put a baby bulk of balm over them and rub this thoroughly to accompany out their colors. But accomplish abiding to abolish any balance balm to anticipate any blaze from actualization on the photos.
• A cast new boom will not attending abundant on photos. As such, delay for a few canicule afore demography photos of it. Physique ink that is seeping with claret or is covered with some balm will not attending abundant on any picture.
• Get advice with demography photos of your tattoos. This agency allurement a acquaintance to yield photos of your physique ink. This is because you will not get acceptable angles or the able ambit from the ink if you're aggravating to ability about to yield photos of your own body. You can aswell accede accepting advice from a able columnist to accept bigger images that you can keep.
• Accomplish abiding you accept the able lighting. This is a key additive to accepting amazing photos. To get abundant results, go outside. By accomplishing so, you will not charge to use beam and the accustomed ablaze will aftermath accomplish inks' colors absolutely angle out. If you still wish to yield photos indoors, go abreast a window or beneath a ablaze (but not too harsh) ablaze source. As abundant as possible, try to abstain application the camera's beam back this tends to could cause glare.
• Finally, accept several photos taken of anniversary ink. Always yield several photos. Don't just breeze one attempt and be done with it. Move around, try altered angles, altered ablaze sources, with beam or after flash. The added photos you take, the bigger your allowance are of accepting at atomic one amazing shot.


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This has been a very busy and exciting summer so far for the Barn!! Here are some reminders on what is coming up. Details and registration information can be found on the Summer 2012 Program Tab above. Please remember we have Full and Partial Scholarships still available and do accept payment plans. For more info on financial arrangements please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
THIS SATURDAY – 7/21 – 6:30 – 10 PM – Open Mic Night – $5 Admission. This is open to anyone entering 9th grade and up.
THIS SUNDAY – 7/22 – 4 – 6 PM – Auditions and informational meeting for our next Murder Mystery – This is open to anyone entering 5th grade and up. This Mystery involves the Murder of the Captain of a Pirate Ship and the performance will be September 9th.
NEXT WEEK – 7/23 – 7/27 8:30-3:30 PM – Center Stage Theatre Camp – $225 for the week. This is open to anyone entering 5th grade and up. Director Alan Wagner will work on audition skills, monologue selection and development and song selection in additional to theatre games and improv.
Also next week we are in week 2 of 6 for our Cartooning/Anime (Wednesdays 4-6PM) and Graffiti (Thursdays 4-6PM) Workshops – If interested in joining we will prorate the fee. Email us if you are interested at email@example.com.
UPCOMING: August 6th – August 10th – 8:30 – 12:00 Noon – Art Exploration with Greg Gallo – $175 for the week. August 13th – August 17th – 8:30 – 3:30 PM – The Famished Games – $250 for the week.
Check out our website for more details and don't forget to friend us on Facebook!


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Teen shot, killed after stealing carts of diapers from Orlando-area Walmart
Florida authorities are investigating after a man was shot and killed in a retail theft incident at an Orlando-area Walmart.
Arthur Adams, 19, was shot and killed during the incident. Authorities said Adams was one of three people who entered a Walmart neighborhood market and took two grocery carts full of diapers without paying.
As an employee confronted the three alleged thieves in the parking lot, a customer saw the incident and went to help the employee. When one of the suspects reportedly made a move like he was reaching for something, the customer pulled his gun and fired several shots at the suspects.
The three suspects tried to flee in a maroon Nissan Rogue, but crashed into two vehicles in the parking lot. They ran from the scene. Adams went to a gas station across the street, and keeled over. He was taken to a hospital, and died some time Saturday.
Hours after the shooting, a female juvenile went to an unspecified hospital for treatment of a gunshot wound to the leg. Detectives were able to identify her as one of three people involved in the incident.
Initially, the sheriff's office was not certain whether there were three or four suspects. At this time the third suspect has not been identified. The OCSO released surveillance photos of that suspect Sunday evening.


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Evaluation Methodology
From ALAL2
Survey Design & Delivery Mechanism
- The online survey consisted of 14 questions, of which nine were open ended, and even the yes/no questions had optional explanations. However, participants were free to skip any questions. The questions were designed to collect information related to:
- Program outcomes and challenges;
- Helpful persons and mentors;
- Program improvement suggestions, including advice on handling the technological instruction component;
- The desirability of formal recognition via continuing education or graduate credit; and
- Staying in touch with those participants who indicated a desire to continue with the program in some way.
- Participants were sent an e-mail with a link to the survey, login information and a password. The survey could only be submitted once, although respondents could edit their responses up until the day the survey was closed (about 30 days). Two reminder e-mails were sent.
- More than 50 participants (not consultants or vendors) who took part in ALA Library 2.0 were sent the link to the survey by e-mail.
Response Rate
- Thirty-three Library 2.0 participants responded to the survey. There was some attrition in the original 50 person participant group, and a couple people (myself included) were added after the program began. However, there was no formal process in the program to track drop-outs. Therefore, I hesitate to make any percentage claim for the number of respondents, beyond the fact that it is clearly more than 50% and probably less than 75% of the total group.
- The majority of survey questions were open-ended; many participants wrote at length. Responses to open ended questions were teased apart into categories according to the themes that arose. This methodology is sometimes referred to as faceted evaluation, and although time-consuming, it often provides valuable insights. Due to the division of responses into categories, there may appear to be many more responses to each question than the number of respondents listed. Although separated into conceptual components, all responses are otherwise as written, aside from the correction of typographical errors and the removal of information that might make personal identification possible.
Question Response Rate Range
- The response rate on questions varied from 55 to 90 percent, with an obvious dropoff in the questions positioned toward the end of the survey. For detailed information, see Questions and Response Rates.
- Despite some difficulties with the program design and delivery, I think it is significant that about two out of every three respondents (64%) were willing to be informed of future sessions, while 61% of respondents expressed willingness to be interviewed about their Library 2.0 experience. About 60% of respondents were willing to continue work with their project teams or wanted to take on new projects.
- On the whole, more than 90% (30) of the respondents were enthusiastic about the program and its outcomes. Their enthusiasm did not prevent them from providing us with extremely helpful formative feedback to guide future program iterations. Please view the responses in detail from the wiki pages devoted to each grouping of questions:
- Louise Gruenberg
- ALA e-Learning Instructional Designer


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Beneath each sparkling gemstone, graceful waves form a subtle detail within the sterling silver setting, a sophisticated and stylish reference to the waters that surround Martha's Vineyard. These necklaces are available in two sizes and many gemstone choices, making it easy to accessorize a range of outfits and occasions.
• Necklace is adjustable 16"-18"
• Cushion cut amethyst is 7mm in diameter


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Red Bull Supernatural Set to Crown Best All-Around Snowboarder in All-Mountain Freestyle Competition
Baldface Lodge sets the stage for Travis Rice's latest brainchild, the dream snowboarding run Feb. 3-8th
Santa Monica, CA (January 12, 2012) – The brainchild of snowboarding icon Travis Rice, Red Bull Supernatural is a first-of-its-kind backcountry competition designed to challenge, then crown the best all-around snowboarder on the planet. The event brings together today's best video part stars alongside the kings of the contest circuit for a one-day freestyle competition. With three distinct sections of the course designed to both show off each athlete's strength and various disciplines of the sport, Red Bull Supernatural aims to serve-up a run beyond anyone's wildest dreams.
This ultimate snowboarding run is located within the 32,000-acre tenure of Baldface Lodge, one of Canada's preeminent backcountry snowcat operations. Deep in the Kootenay Mountains of British Columbia, the 45+ degree slope nicknamed "Scary Cherry" is host to over 80 man-made features which took a crew of loggers five months to construct. Once snow accumulates on the features, a series of tree-line jumps, pillow lines, and more will emerge in the upper section of the course challenging even the most seasoned backcountry riders. The middle section will be host to an extra wide super-kicker where fresh powder landings will be kept intact so all the riders can throw huge, progressive tricks. And in the lower section of the course, a jib and rail garden will provide the final on-hill playground.
"An event like Red Bull Supernatural calls upon all necessary skills; the ability to ride natural terrain, to navigate down big mountain lines, to ride powder, pillows and adverse, crazy obstacles. Most importantly the course will call on one's freestyle knowledge and experience forcing riders to integrate that into one's all-mountain riding," says Travis Rice. Rice adds, "Running an event like this, we're hoping to see riding that in one contest run contends with and challenges the video part segments that come out every year."
The single day competition will run on only one of the six potential waiting period days during the February 3-8th window, ensuring the event takes place under only the best possible conditions – a mix of deep powder, good sunlight, and safe conditions. Judges will base scores on overall impression, and hope to see lines that contend with even the best video parts, which Rice calls, "the control by which the state of snowboarding and progression is compared from year to year."
"The contestants are basically on a cat-boarding trip. They'll be shredding lines, eating good food, hanging out, playing ping pong and enjoying each other's company that week. And then they get to have a wicked contest on the nicest day of the week!" says Jeff Pensiero, Owner of Baldface Lodge. Pensiero continues, "It's a snowboarding contest that will truly determine the best all-around snowboarder in the world. I'm excited to see the different aspects of snowboarding represented and riders competing on this custom-made stage."
For photos, video and updates on Red Bull Supernatural, please visit www.redbullusa.com/supernatural. For fans in the U.S., tune-in March 31st to catch the two-hour Red Bull Supernatural special airing nationally on NBC from 1-3pm EST. The event airs as part of a new sports programming block called the "Red Bull Signature Series," which features the most progressive snowboarding, mountain biking, freestyle motocross, skiing and BMX events. For more information, visit www.redbullsignatureseries.com.


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The Illinois Council for the Social Studies will welcome noted sociologist and race relations expert Dr. James Loewen to Bradley for its spring conference.
Loewen, a Decatur native, author and retired University of Vermont professor, will discuss classroom applications of his best-known books, "Sundown Towns" and "Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your High School History Textbook Got Wrong."
Loewen will also visit Cullom-Davis Library's Special Collections for research.
The conference will include sessions themed around Bradley's yearlong Civil Rights celebration.
"Part of what we recognize at Bradley is it's all our history," said Teacher Education Department Chair Dr. Dean Cantú. "We look back and we wonder how we lived in a democracy and yet allowed certain things to happen. It's perfect timing for Loewen."
Educators will be encouraged to teach students how to think critically about issues that are either ignored or misrepresented by textbooks. To promote thinking beyond the textbooks, educators will be given tools to help students analyze primary documents and engage in historical research.
Such conversations, Cantú believed, will positively impact classrooms.
"It's elevated discussion, and as a result, we graduate students well-equipped for the 21st century," he said. "We need to equip them with a skill set similar to that of historians."
Cantú is the ICSS executive director. Dr. David McMullen, associate chair of Bradley's teacher education department, is the ICSS president-elect.
For conference registration information, visit the ICSS website.
Loewen's visit is partially funded by the Robert R. McCormick Foundation.


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Aug. 20, 2012
TALLAHASSEE, Fla. – Florida State head coach Jimbo Fisher termed Monday afternoon's practice session a "wet-ball day" as the Seminoles battled through a steady rain to start off their final week of preseason camp.
"It was a really good day to get out here and practice in the rain," Fisher summed it up afterwards. "The guys had good enthusiasm, practiced hard and got a lot done."
With a "wet-ball" in tow on a soggy field, FSU practiced for just under 2 ½ hours at the Al Dunlap Practice Fields. Wanting to take advantage of the weather, Fisher wrapped up practice putting his players through true game situations in 11-on-11 drills from late game-clock management to points needed while trailing on the scoreboard.
"Usually, you have to create a wet-ball day," Fisher said. "Sometimes, you go through camp and never get rain like that when you practice, because lightning usually knocks you out. It was really good to get out here in the rain because you play in the rain and you have to learn to take care of the ball, learn to catch it and throw it in the rain."
Inclement weather through preseason camp has forced the Seminoles to change their practice plans almost daily. After only squeezing out roughly 45 minutes of work on the first day back on Aug. 6 which included three delays -the last resulting in practice being called, Fisher moved the final practices that week to 5:30 a.m., while the `Noles wrapped up final exams. Week two saw the Seminoles battle some hot, humid days including a toasty scrimmage. Now, the final week of camp started with more unpleasant weather, but just rain and no lightning this time around.
"They accepted it and didn't use it as a crutch,' Fisher added. "It's an attitude. I used to look at it (rain) as a quarterback and think it was offensive advantage. We knew where we were going so we stuck our foot in the ground. It was a lot easier. On defense, one slip, one slide when you rush the passer, they have to be careful because those linemen now get a hand on and they slide. The first thing is mentality to play in the rain and understand it's an advantage for you.
"The defensive guys moved well. I didn't see a lot of slipping or falling down which is very encouraging. That's where your technique comes in. In whatever position, you have to be very technique sound."
FSU returns to the practice field Tuesday for what should be its final two-a-day practice. The Seminoles have an early 9:30 a.m. practice on the docket before a late night session at 7:30 p.m. FSU is slated for its final scrimmage Thursday.
Kickoff Luncheon on Tap
The Seminoles will take part in the 61st annual kickoff luncheon this Friday, Aug. 24, at the Tallahassee-Leon County Civic Center. Lunch will be served at 11:30 a.m. with the program set to begin at Noon. For more information, call the Alumni Association at 850.644.2761 or register here.
Fisher notes following Monday's practice:
·Fisher said defensive tackle Jacobbi McDaniel most likely will redshirt this season. "When you're not redshirted early, you do have that luxury if you get injured later on in your career to get that extra year. Don't get me wrong he wants to play. He's doing a tremendous job as a leader with these young guys, but you have to give him that full year (to play healthy). We should have enough depth to be able to do that."
·Redshirt junior Bryan Stork and junior college transfer Menelik Watson missed Monday's practice. Fisher described Stork as having a jammed neck and Watson was held out with a stinger but both are expected back in a day or two.
·Fisher said redshirt senior defensive tackle Anthony McCloud is doing well, and he's been happy with his progress in rehabbing.
Quotable Fisher as he joked about freshman wide receiver and elite sprinter Marvin Bracy when asked if he was getting back in the groove after missing time early on in camp:
"We got him in on a little reverse. It's amazing how fast you can run when you're scared to death. I told him that's not a baton in your hand. They want it. They're going to take it away from you."


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Audio • Film & Video • Photographs • Finding Aids
Copyrights & Permissions • Fee Schedule
The audiovisual collection of the Eisenhower Presidential Library constitutes a valuable documentary resource relating to the life and times of Dwight. D. Eisenhower. To date, the Library has accessioned 334,500 still photographs; 767,700 feet of motion picture film; and 1,130 hours of audio tapes and discs. The materials have been received from private individuals, private organizations, and government agencies.
Finding aids for some, but not all, audiovisual collections are available on line; they are keyword searchable. Descriptions for the majority of our still photograph collection as well as some audio tapes are available in hard copy only. As more finding aids are prepared in digital format, they will be made available. Questions about specific audiovisual topics not found in the on line finding aids should be addressed to the Library's audiovisual staff at the address given below.
If you would like more information about the Library's audiovisual holdings and duplication services, or if you wish to make an appointment to use the research facilities please contact us at:
Eisenhower Presidential Library
Attn: Audiovisual Archives
P.O. Box 339
Abilene, KS 67410
Phone: 785-263-6700
Toll Free: 1-877-746-4453
Fax: 785-263-6715


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Arnold Marshall Rose
July 2, 1918 - January 2, 1968
Arnold Marshall Rose was born July 2, 1918 in Chicago. Rose was educated at the University of Chicago, receiving his A.B. in Sociology in 1938, an A.B. in Economics in 1939, an M.A. in Sociology in 1940, and a Ph.D. in Sociology in 1946.
Following completion of his Ph.D., Rose served as a Professor of Sociology at Bennington College from 1946 to 1947, Associate Professor of Sociology at Washington University from 1947 to 1949, Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Minnesota from 1949 to 1952, and Professor of Sociology at the University of Minnesota from 1952 until his death in 1968.
In 1959 Rose ran for a seat on the Minneapolis City Council but was defeated. He was elected to the Minnesota Legislature from the 41st District in 1962 and represented the district from 1963 to 1965. Though he was interested in a second term, Rose declined to run when he learned he had terminal cancer.
Arnold M. Rose was elected to serve as the 59th President of the American Sociological Association. Unfortunately, he died from cancer at the age of 49 a few months before he was to take office as President. The ASA Council decided that Rose would be regarded as a President of the Association even though he had not served in that capacity. His Presidential address was read at the 1969 Annual Meeting by his wife, Caroline Rose.
In 1967, Rose and his wife, Caroline Bauer Rose, a sociologist who collaborated with him on some of his work, donated $200,000 to the American Sociological Association to establish the Arnold and Caroline Rose Fund. The Rose Series aims to bring the best of sociology to wide audiences in the social sciences.
Over the years, the Series has emphasized the publication of research monographs. Past volumes in the Series include such classics as Black and White Self-Esteem: The Urban Social Child by Morris Rosenberg and Roberta Simmons; Cities with Little Crime: The Case of Switzerland by Marshall Clinard; The Shape of Culture: A Study of Contemporary Cultural Patterns in the United States by Judith Blau; and Gender Differences in Scientific Careers by Gerhard Sonnert. For additional information on the Series, please check out the page on the Rose Series within the Publications portion of this website.
The following article by Carl A. Auerbach was published in the University of Minnesota Senate Minutes for 1967-1968:
No one can read the writings of Arnold Rose without being impressed by his optimism about the human condition; his fierce love of the liberal values of freedom and equality; his sense of sober responsibility as a social scientist and his tolerance for all who labor in the intellectual vineyards.
Those who had the privilege to be his colleagues or to work with him in any of his manifold endeavors or to know him as a friend had no doubt that these characteristics marked the inner man. We grieve for his loss and pay tribute to his memory.
Arnold Rose was imbued with the conviction that society had a right to expect social scientists to assist in combating the evils afflicting it. So many of these evils, he saw, could be alleviated by legal ordering. He did not look upon law merely as the product of the social and psychological factors that mold human behavior. He insisted that law could affect man's environment, his behavior, and even his attitudes – and so could be used as an effective instrument of peaceful social change in a democracy.
This possibility attracted him to the study of the legal ordering. Appreciating that judges, legislators, administrators, lawyers, and citizens had to deal with society's problems here and now, he worked to assure that their efforts would be informed about the nature of man and society as his generation's state of knowledge could make them.
In addressing himself to our problems and entering the political arena to cope with them even more directly, he was not swayed by the criticism he heard from time to time that he was wandering from the main paths of scholarship and should better spend his time constructing theoretical systems.
The fact of the matter is that Arnold Rose was a theorist and methodologist of power. He was troubled because so much social theory was inadequate precisely because it failed to consider law as a factor making for social change. And he undertook to remove this "blind spot," as he called it, of so many contemporary American sociologists.
He also never thought it necessary to keep his theory pure and unpolitical by avoiding intimate contact with the realities of social disorder and conflict. His academic life guided and enriched his role as a legislator. And his political involvement and experience deepened his insight as a sociologist.
Even more important, his reflection on social responsibility of the social scientists led him to activity which made him a leader of a generation in the struggle against the greatest brutality of our time – race bigotry and race discrimination. To this struggle he committed his mind and his heart.
This commitment began at least as early as September 1941 when only 23 years old, he joined Gunnar Myrdal in the research and writing of An American Dilemma. Even then, Myrdal wrote of Arnold's "wide knowledge of the social science literature and his sound judgment on methodological problems." After the book was published, Myrdal acknowledged Arnold's deep and intimate identification with it. Arnold Rose's commitment to work for fundamental change in American race relations continued until the day he died.
The very last article he published – in November of the past year – dealt with school desegregation and hammered at his favorite themes. "If there even had been a doubt," he wrote, "that the United States Supreme Court decision can change social behavior and social institutions, the implementation undertaken by the federal court in Brown v. Board of Education decision of 1954 should have dispelled it quickly." And then he proceeded, as he did so many times before, to present a legal theory and supporting sociological data – this time to persuade the courts to outlaw de facto public school segregation and thereby convert "equal justice under the law" from a shibboleth to a reality.
Arnold sought not only to eradicate discriminatory behavior but also to strike at the roots of prejudice. He believed that legislation against discrimination was an important means of breaking tradition of prejudice but not sufficient by itself, to do the whole job. In 1963 he was honored by being named co-chairman with John Hope Franklin of Wayne State University's celebration of the 100th Anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. He took this occasion to call upon the historians to put into practice "their claimed ideals of good scholarship and science" by eliminating the falsehoods and half-truths in the written history of race relations in this country. In this way, he hoped, we would be helped to "purge race hatred from our minds."
On occasion, during the last months of his life, Arnold expressed the fear that the fiery and bloody race riots of last summer indicated that many Negroes had weighed the law in the balance and found it wanting. But I do not think he altered the basic views he expressed at the Emancipation Centennial:
"The changes may seem slow to those who labor under discrimination … but the changes are coming.
"Discrimination is being wiped out slowly but certainly, from the laws of our country and from the practices of our industrialists, public servants, civil leaders and even the people in general. As Americans we can continue to be proud of the strength of our national ideals. They help us to be ashamed our malpractices and to make earnest and effective efforts to change them. Our own consciences and our desire to appear decent and strong before the world decree that the battles for 'civil rights' are almost consistently being won."
For Arnold Rose, the ideals of the American Creed, which he equated with the liberal values he cherished, were not utopian or other-worldly. They were here to shape American reality. He always stressed "the dominant role of ideals in the social dynamics of America" and personally acted upon the precepts of that great teacher who, in his final lecture, said:
"It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go up for us to heave, and bring it unto us, and make us to hear it, that we may do it? Neither is it beyond the sea, that thou shouldst say, Who shall go over the sea for us, and bring it unto us, and make us to hear it, that we may do it? But the word is very nigh unto thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that thou mayest do it."
Arnold Rose's involvement in the battle for civil rights was the most significant, but not the only one he waged for the realization of the ideals of the American Creed. He was also a champion of the trade unions – not only because they forced American industry to share the fruits of its productivity with its workers, but because he felt that trade unions were responsible for the evolution of a rule of law in industry which secured the individual worker's claim to his job and thereby gave him a sense of status and community and independence which made him an American citizen in the fullest sense.
It is fitting, too, that the last book Arnold Rose published should be devoted to a refutation of the notion that a small, power elite controls American public life and obstructs the realization of American ideals. He wrote with the younger generation of "new leftists" particularly in mind, because he felt that they failed to understand the society they were rejecting.
Arnold Rose also fought for American ideals in the halls of the Legislature and the courtroom. When he was libeled by a right-wing group, he insisted upon bringing suit, though many of his lawyer-friends advised him that it was risky to place his reputation in the hands of a jury of 12 ordinary people after a trial which was certain to be accompanied by a renewed attack upon him and to be enveloped in a highly emotional atmosphere.
But Arnold feared that his failure to bring suite would encourage attacks upon members of the faculty and endanger academic freedom at the University. He also despised extremist groups, whether of the right or of the left. So he acted, without any assurance at the time that he would be assisted by friends and without any thought of collecting damages.
And of course he was vindicated. This grueling trial – which I attended for many days waiting to be called as a character witness – attests to Arnold Rose's courage and unselfishness. For in retrospect, it is clear that it was also a trial of strength that he could ill afford in vitality.
We on the Law Faculty will especially miss Arnold Rose. But we prefer to speak of our gain from having him in our midst. He was one of the ornaments of the University but a vital source of inspiration to the Law School in its efforts to build ties with other parts of the University. In 1958, he formed a University Committee to facilitate communication and cooperation in research and teaching in law and the social sciences. He became its first Executive Secretary.
Although the Committee no longer exists, Arnold constantly reminded us that it should be reconstituted. Always quiet and gentle in manner, he could be insistent. The essence of his idea has been elaborated and incorporated in a report on the future of the Law School which has been submitted to President Moos. Only a few weeks ago, we met with colleagues from other departments of the University to discuss this report. Arnold had just been released from the Hospital. Yet he read the long report, attended the meeting and participated in the discussion. That was the last time I saw him.
Arnold was equally active in building bridges between law and social sciences on the national level. He helped to found the Law and Society Association and served on the Editorial Advisory Board of the Law and Society Review published by the Association. His last article – on school desegregation – was published in this Review.
Arnold Rose saw sociology as a great cooperative adventure, pursued across many centuries by men of many races, many faiths and many disciplines. He was intensely interested in the comparative study of the institutions of different societies and at the time of his death, he was engaged in comparative cross-national studies in the sociology of law.
Because of his efforts and his influence, a great deal of our most seminal sociological thought now revolves about legal problems. It is no longer possible to describe American sociology without referring to the sociology of law. I like to think this was one of the reasons the nation's sociologists honored him by electing him President of the American Sociological Association.
Arnold Rose lived a full and productive life. His university and his country are the better for it. He took to heart the words of the ancient seer: "The day is short and the task is great. It is not incumbent upon thee to complete the whole work, but neither art thou free to neglect it."
The tasks that Arnold Rose laid down will always command the dedication of successors. And his friends know that the most dedicated of these is his remarkable wife, Caroline Baer Rose, who joined him in working with Myrdal in 1942 and remained his closest intellectual companion and staunchest supporter until the end.
Arnold Rose is no more. This will long seem to be improbable because his work and his example live in a new generation of sociologists and legal scholars.


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Karlstadt, Andreas Rudolff-Bodenstein von (1486-1541)
1953 Article[[|]]
Andreas Rudolff-Bodenstein Karlstadt studied scholastic philosophy and theology at the universities of Erfurt (1499) and Cologne (1503), became an influential professor of theology at the University of Wittenberg (1505-1522), in a short time winning high honors and offices. In 1516 he acquired the juristic doctorate (in Siena) and the prospect of a higher ecclesiastical position.
Returning from Rome and Siena to Wittenberg early in 1517, he joined Luther in promoting the Reformation. Influenced by Augustine, the German mystics, and Luther, he attacked with tongue and pen the known errors and abuses of the Catholic Church. In this he was on Luther's side; but in his efforts at reform and his doctrinal ideas he went his own way, which often brought him close to the position of Anabaptism.
Karlstadt was a Biblical theologian. "Turn your eyes and ears toward the Scriptures!" The text and canon he regarded with remarkably scholarly independence and freedom; yet he insisted on the unconditional spiritual authority of the entire Bible, including the Epistle of James, which he, contrary to Luther and in accord with the Anabaptists, valued very highly for its ethical content. In the summer semester of 1520 he declared before a large audience: "I am grieved by the bold depreciation of James" by Luther. Faith and works belong together organically. "Beware that you do not take a paper and loveless faith for the greatest work," he warned the Lutherans, who at once accused him of legalism and fanaticism.
As early as 1521 he took a genuinely Anabaptist position on the oath: "It would be better if oaths were discarded, because through oaths no one becomes better; many, however, become worse. He who does not honor God will never honor an oath. Therefore let it fall into disuse."
At the communion service held with a large congregation at Christmas 1521, which was the first to be observed in both kinds, he emphatically stressed the necessity for faith in receiving the emblems. Outward formalism and images in the churches he considered reprehensible. "Having images in our churches is contrary to the first commandment: Thou shalt have no other gods!" Nevertheless Karlstadt cannot be held responsible for the iconoclasm of the masses early in 1522. He had scarcely any contact with the Zwickau prophets and Thomas Müntzer. "There is a deep chasm between their views and Carlstadt's religious thinking" (Barge, 403). Karlstadt disliked disorder and always defended orderly government. In his church innovations and social improvements (abolition of begging) he proceeded hand in hand with the Wittenberg council, and was the instigator of the famous "Ordnung der Stadt Wittenberg," which the council passed on 24 January 1522.
Elector Friedrich III was, however, displeased with Karlstadt's conspicuous reforms, especially in his change of the cult. So the Mass was restored, Luther having come from the Wartburg to Wittenberg on 6 March for that very purpose. Karlstadt retreated to his pastorate in Orlamünde and here continued his reformation. As an ardent exponent of the priesthood of the believers—he himself wished to be called a "new layman" and took off his priestly robes—he now sharply attacked the Mass, without Luther's regard for "weaker brethren." He spiritualized the sacraments, denying the necessity of baptism and communion. These reforms disturbed Wittenberg to the extent that Luther had him banished from electoral territory in September 1524; he then fled to South Germany and Switzerland.
The Swiss Brethren, who eagerly read his tracts, sided with Karlstadt against Luther. Conrad Grebel, who was corresponding with Karlstadt, wrote to Vadian, "A reasonable reader will judge from the Karlstadt books that Luther is retrogressing, and that he is an excellent procrastinator and a competent defender of his scandal." In the letter Grebel and his associates wrote to Müntzer on 5 September 1524 (the letter written to Karlstadt by Andrew Castelberger, in the name of the group was unfortunately lost), Karlstadt was frequently mentioned.
Against infant baptism Karlstadt, unlike the Anabaptists, spoke only incidentally, classing it as an "outward thing" with circumcision. He said, to be sure, that it was better to postpone baptism until the candidate was sure of his faith, and that it was superficial of Luther to baptize infants who do not understand their lusts, to say nothing of the death of their lusts through Christ. Karlstadt's wife refused to have her own son baptized (1525).
After a short meeting with the Swiss Brethren in Zürich, in October 1524, there were apparently no contacts between them and Karlstadt. They did not enter into his dispute on the communion, though they read and distributed his tract on the subject; its printing in Basel was arranged for by Felix Manz and Karlstadt's son-in-law, Dr. Gerhard Westerburg.
Ludwig Haetzer, however, was banished from Augsburg for siding with Karlstadt against Urban Rhegius in the dispute on communion. —The strange view of Karlstadt that in the words, "This is my body," Christ was referring to His own body, was accepted in some Anabaptist circles, as the testimony of Veit Frick of Württemberg (Gutenberg) before the magistrates on 29 July 1563 shows: The words, This is my body, and this is my blood, had reference to Christ's body and not to the bread and wine; the meaning is, this body sitting at table with the disciples must be given and His blood shed, and bread and wine are a symbol and memento of this suffering and death (Bossert, 228).
Caspar Schwenckfeld in his Judicium also accuses the Anabaptists of having adopted Karlstadt's view of communion. Nor does Marpeck in his Verantwortung repudiate the idea: "When Christ says, this is my body which is given for you, we believe it naturally as referring to His real body which sat at table, was betrayed, and truly given for us. But of the bread and wine we understand it figuratively, as the bread that we break and the wine that we drink is a memorial of the body and blood of Christ; thereby we shall remember that Christ gave His body and shed His blood for us" (Loserth, 56).
Against Karlstadt's doctrine of the communion Luther wrote his libelous pamphlet, Wider die himmlischen Propheten, which at the same time attacks the Zwinglians. In Rothenburg Karlstadt replied with three pamphlets. The Rothenburg schoolmaster, Valentine Ickelsamer, also defended him against Luther in his Klag etlicher Brüder an alle Christen von der grossen Ungerechtigkeit und Tyrannei, so Endressen Bodenstein von Carlstadt jetzo von Luther zu Wittenberg geschieht.
The sharp opposition between Karlstadt and Luther must be considered not only a matter of personalities, but also one of content. For when Karlstadt had to flee Rothenburg and begged Luther to receive him, Luther consented to let him return to Wittenberg on condition that Karlstadt recant his heterodox views on the communion and refrain from lecturing. But the old opposition could not be suppressed, and he finally had to flee again.
Karlstadt now turned toward Holstein at Melchior Hoffman's invitation, to take part in the Flensburg disputation on the communion, but was not admitted. After Hoffman was expelled from the country the two met again briefly in East Friesland, where Karlstadt remained nearly a year under the protection of the Zwinglian Ulrich von Dornum, writing polemics against Luther and his doctrines. Compelled to leave the domains of the strictly Lutheran Count Enno, he sought protection in Switzerland. With recommendations from Bucer in Strasbourg and Oecolampadius in Basel, he went to Zwingli in Zürich, who helped him to a position as proofreader in the Froschauer print shop and later as deacon at the Spital.
In Zürich and Altstätten, where he had a temporary pastorate, Karlstadt allied himself with the Zwinglians, who defended him against Luther's attacks. In 1534 he was called to Basel as preacher at St. Peter's and professor at the university. He died of the plague on 24 December 1541.
The elusive relationship between Karlstadt and the Anabaptist movement deserves further study. In his Wittenberg period he was certainly a near-Anabaptist, yet his visit to the Zürich brethren did not result in a union. Why did he not become an Anabaptist? -- GHe
1987 Update
Andreas Rudolff-Bodenstein von Karlstadt, a scion of Franconian nobility, became the first Reformer to develop a Baptist theology. He wielded a seminal influence, especially among nonresistant Anabaptists. Upon leaving Franconia, he took on the name "Karlstadt," after his native town. He studied at the modernist University of Erfurt (BA 1502), the Thomist University of Cologne, and the newly founded University of Wittenberg (MA 1505). He earned a doctorate in theology from Wittenberg (1510) and a doctorate in canon and civil law (utriusque juris) from the Sapienza in Rome (1515-1516).
During his teaching career at Wittenberg (1505-22) Karlstadt at first blended Thomism and Scotism and absorbed medieval mysticism when he annotated the Sermons then attributed solely to Tauler (Augsburg: 1508). Luther's publication of the Theologia Deutsch in 1516 was also influential. Karlstadt's Gelassen (1520), Gelassenheyt (1522), Sabbat (1524), and Axiomata (1535) demonstrate the persistence of mystical ideas.
Prodded by Luther to purchase Augustine's writings in 1517, Karlstadt proclaimed the reformation of his thought on 26 April 1517, when he nailed his 151 Theses to the door of the Church of All Saints (the "Castle Church"). Although Luther influenced Karlstadt, their paths never fully converged.
Karlstadt's first major contribution came from his preoccupation with hermeneutics. As a result of his long-term study of Hebrew, he declared the Apocrypha to be non-binding (Scripturis: 1518-1520). The first sign of his social concerns came in his public attack on mendicancy. He publicly denounced papal supremacy in 1520 (a year after Luther). However, he attacked conciliarism well before Luther (1515-1516). He gradually moved from the thirteenth to the sixth century in dating the Fall of the Roman church. He saw the alternative as the heuflein gottes, the true church of the sainted few—a believers' church, congregationally led and governed. In Gewaldt (1521), Karlstadt denounced the use of force on behalf of the church, since it is in the nature of the church to endure violence.
Crucial was Karlstadt's lifelong dissent from predestinarianism. Karlstadt held that human inability is met by God's enabling power. This freely grants to all the power to choose, during the moment of discernment between good and evil-- whether in this life or in a flameless purgatory in the afterlife. Also seeing human choice and divine enabling power as preceding baptism, Karlstadt had to reject infant baptism.
In May and June 1521, Karlstadt was in Denmark, advising King Christian II. He stimulated the enactment of legislation curbing the power of bishops, exempting only married clergy from taxation, reforming the monasteries, and disallowing appeals to Rome. This established the Danish national church.
Later in 1521, Karlstadt demanded that all clergy be married. He abrogated all his own monastic vows and become the first professor at Wittenberg to marry (January, 1522). He recognized that his reasons for opposing monastic vows voided all vows and the swearing of all oaths.
Karlstadt also opposed churchly images as prohibited by Moses and Paul, because they imbue the people with superstition and fear. He advocated their legal removal. However, when a new town council reneged on promises made by its predecessor, and students broke some images, Karlstadt neither participated with nor condemned the students. His Bylder (1522) was to be used as the basis of Ludwig Haetzer's Ein urteil gottes (1523). By January 1522, Karlstadt was also promoting social reform, including opposition to compulsory greater and lesser tithes.
His involvement as Archdeacon of the Church of All Saints kept Karlstadt from being a merely academic theologian. On Christmas 1521, without vestments, he conducted the first publicly reformed communion. He omitted the elevation of the bread and wine, expunged the canon and all sacrificial references from the Mass, and shouted in German (rather than whispering in Latin) the words of institution.
These reforms led to friction with Friedrich the Elector and Luther, who now returned from the Wartburg and temporarily restored Roman practice. No longer being allowed to publish freely, and having been made the butt of Luther's Invocavit Sermons, Karlstadt withdrew to Orlamünde to establish his own reformation. The organ was removed from the church. Psalm singing by the congregation in the vernacular was substituted. Infant baptism was no longer practiced. Up to three members of the congregation were allowed to prophesy in the service. Karlstadt, meanwhile, took to farming, though he still led the little flock as "Brother Andrew," the minister whose congregational call had been divinely confirmed by the casting of lots.
In 1523, Karlstadt fully repudiated the intercession of the saints, even of the Virgin Mary. Until his expulsion in August 1524, Karlstadt composed six treatises on the Lord's Supper and one on baptism. Karlstadt and his brother-in-law, Gerhard Westerburg, then visited Conrad Grebel and Felix Manz and their followers in Zürich, who raised the necessary financial support to have the treatises printed. From late October till early November 1524 (while Karlstadt was secretly lodged at the house of Lorenz Hochrütiner) Westerburg, Manz, and probably Andreas Castelberger had the six works dealing with the Lord's Supper printed. This permanently rended the unity of Protestantism.
Karlstadt left Basel, entrusting the manuscript of Dialogus Vom Tauff to Manz, who tried to have it printed. However, both Johannes Bebel and Thomas Wolf, who had printed the other tracts, rebuffed him. On the basis of historical, theological, and philological evidence, Manz's Protestation on baptism to the Zürich council appears to have been based on the manuscript of Karlstadt's dialogue. Frustrated by the loss of the first manuscript, Karlstadt composed another dialogue, which he published anonymously in 1527. He felt grateful for Manz's earlier efforts, so a major participant in the new dialogue was named "Felix."
Karlstadt had already in 1523 demanded that baptism be administered only upon repentance and amendment of life as signs of dying and rising with Christ. Thus he no longer baptized infants during his final year (1523-1524) in Orlamünde. He was, however, a baptist, not an Anabaptist, for he did not baptize adults who had been baptized as infants. In that he resembled the mainline reformers, who also accepted Roman baptism as valid, despite its errors. Karlstadt was a transitional figure, but where he prevailed, his spiritual children became (Ana)baptists.
During the Peasant Revolt, Karlstadt found refuge in Rothenburg on the Tauber, but in the summer of 1525 he fled to Wittenberg. Forced to make his peace with Luther, his creativity as a theologian came to a halt. In 1529 he sought refuge with Melchior Hoffman in Holstein and composed with him the Dialogus on the trial of Hoffman in Flensburg. Karlstadt's writings, especially his doctrine of the church, had already left a remarkable imprint on Hoffman's theology.
Being driven out of Holstein, and unwelcome in Strasbourg and Basel, Karlstadt, for the sake of his starving family, made his peace with Ulrich Zwingli. In June 1534 he was called to Basel, where he spent the last seven years of his life as Professor of Old Testament, rector of the university, and pastor of the University Church of Saint Peter.
To what extent did Karlstadt compromise his Baptist insights during his final years in Switzerland? Obviously he had not capitulated to Luther from 1525-1529. However, he was received kindly in the Swiss confederacy, and the Reformed churches stood closer to him than did Luther. One way to gauge Karlstadt's influence in Basel is to compare the First Confession of Basel (1534), before his arrival with the Second Confession of Basel (1536), also known as the First Helvetic Confession. Although the Anabaptists were still reproached for secessionism and unspecified heretical teachings in the Second Confession, no special section was devoted to them anymore. Neither were their views on infant baptism described as an "abomination" and a "blasphemy."
The outright rejection of the Anabaptist position on oaths of 1534 was now (1536) replaced with an affirmation of oaths "where they are manifestly not opposed to Christ." This accommodated Karlstadt perfectly. Finally, in the Second Confession the section on predestination was worded so ambiguously that it could embrace both a Reformed and a Karlstadtian interpretation. Double predestination was opposed by implication with Karlstadt's favorite text: "Our salvation is from God, but from ourselves is nothing but sin and damnation."
While in Basel, Karlstadt promoted a compromise with the Lutherans on the Lord's Supper. He was accused of knowingly harboring unreconstructed Roman Catholics and Anabaptists in his congregation. He ministered to all during the plague of 1541, to which he himself on Christmas Eve fell victim.
For over three centuries, Karlstadt's reputation fell prey to his opponents, but he has been rehabilitated in the twentieth century, first by Hermann Barge, then by Ronald Sider (who refuted the traditional polemic against Karlstadt). Others aiding the rehabilitation include Ulrich Bubenheimer (who has filled in old lacunae in respect of Karlstadt's life and his concerns with jurisprudence) as well as Calvin Pater (who dealt with Karlstadt's views of Scripture, ecclesiology, baptism and his impact on the Swiss and northern Dutch and German Anabaptists). The popular sketch of Gordon Rupp in Patterns of Reformation (Philadelphia: 1969) is now obsolete. Only Denis Janz has recently accused Karlstadt of knowingly falsifying Thomism, but his whole argument assumes that Karlstadt wrote the annotations added to his 151 Theses in 1520 by the censors of the Sorbonne University in Paris. -- CAP
Barge, Hermann. Andreas Bodenstein von Karlstadt, 2 vols. Leipzig, 1905. Reprinted Nieuwkoop : B. de Graaf, 1968.
Barge, Hermann. Frühprotestantisches Gemeindechristentum in Wittenberg und Orlamünde : Zugleich eine Abwehr gegen Karl Müllers "Luther und Karlstadt". Leipzig : M. Heinsius, 1909.
Bender, Harold Stauffer. Conrad Grebel, c. 1498-1526 : the founder of the Swiss Brethren sometimes called Anabaptists. Goshen, IN: Mennonite Historical Society, 1950.
Bossert, Gustav. Quellen zur Geschichte der Täufer I. Band, Herzogtum Württemberg. Leipzig: M. Heinsius, 1930.
Bubenheimer, Ulrich. "Karlstadt." Theologische Realenzyklopaedie. XVII: 655-657.
Erbkam, H. W. Geschichte der protestantischen Sekten im Zeitalter der Reformation. Walluf bei Wiesbaden : M. Saendig, 1972: 174 ff.
Die Religion in Geschichte and Gegenwart, 2. ed., 5 vols. Tübingen: Mohr, 1927-1932: Col. 632 ff.;
Gedenkschrift der Mennoniten: 49 und 65 ff.
Hertzsch, Erich. Karlstadt und seine Bedeutung für das Luthertum. Gotha, L. Klotz, 1932.
Loserth, J. Quellen und Forschungen zur Gesch. der oberdeutschen Taufgesinnten. Vienna, 1929.
Müller, Karl. Luther und Karlstadt : Stücke aus ihrem gegenseitigen Verhältnis untersucht. Tübingen : Mohr, 1907.
Pater, Calvin A. Karlstadt as the Father of the Baptist Movements: The Emergence of Lay Protestantism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984: 303-327.
Sachsse, C. D. Balthasar Hubmaier als Theologe. Berlin, 1915: 54-57. Reprinted Aalen : Scientia, 1973.
Hege, Christian and Christian Neff. Mennonitisches Lexikon, 4 vols. Frankfurt & Weierhof: Hege; Karlsruhe: Schneider, 1913-1967: v. II, 463-465.
|Gerhard Hein
|Calvin A. Pater
|Date Published
Cite This Article
MLA style
Hein, Gerhard and Calvin A. Pater. "Karlstadt, Andreas Rudolff-Bodenstein von (1486-1541)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1987. Web. 23 Apr 2019. http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Karlstadt,_Andreas_Rudolff-Bodenstein_von_(1486-1541)&oldid=145557.
APA style
Hein, Gerhard and Calvin A. Pater. (1987). Karlstadt, Andreas Rudolff-Bodenstein von (1486-1541). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 23 April 2019, from http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Karlstadt,_Andreas_Rudolff-Bodenstein_von_(1486-1541)&oldid=145557.
Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, pp. 519-521, v. 5, pp. 481-482. All rights reserved.
©1996-2019 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.