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Pearl Victoria Blanding was a fearless female, and during Women's History Month I thought I'd write about her: my great Aunt. Pearl was not a straight-laced Victorian lady, despite her middle name. She was born 22 Mar 1892, but that never stopped her from getting younger through the years. At one point, on her Catholic conversion baptism certificate, she crossed out her birth year of 1892 and wrote in "1900." Her age was also eight years reduced on her ID as an office worker at Santa Anita Race Track in 1936. She figured it helped her be employable, and she never acted her age anyhow.
Pearl was born at Madison Lake, Blue Earth County, Minnesota, but didn't stay there long. Her Blanding family and some cousins migrated to Dooley County Georgia about 1900, supposedly to avoid the snow and raise peaches. But after an epidemic of diptheria killed her little cousin, the Squier family returned north. Pearl's father then took them to Palm Beach, Florida, where he was a carpenter for the Breaker's Hotel. But California called, and the family took the train ending in Los Angeles in 1903 where she grew up in her family's boarding houses on Staunton Ave and also on 21st Street.
|Who can resist girls boxing? Pearl on right - Los Angeles
When Pearl was 17 she was feeling her oats and became interested in the national past-time, baseball. After all, that's where the guys were, and she dated them frequently She received post cards from them from all over the west and Mexico. I knew Aunt Pearl always loved the Dodgers when they came to Los Angeles in 1958, but I never knew the background of her fascination with the sport.
The postcard from Long Beach, above, says in typical jargon: "Oh! you kid. Do you think you could outshine this kid in a bathing suit. I am rooming with Baldwin, a big league p. (pitcher?) certainly tells me a lot of dope, pretty good fellow too. Jess"
From the California Digital Newspaper Collection I learned that at age 17 Pearl was an avid baseball league scorer as written in the Los Angeles Herald newspaper:
" Play Fast Ball in City League" Dec 13, 1909. "Shonley struck out ten men and was effective at all Stages of the game." "Miss Pearl Blanding, who did the Scoring, has the reputation of knowing as much about The national game as either McGraw or Chance." [Art Shonley and Pearl's sister Fern Blanding, were married briefly in 1911].
Then on Feb 14, 1910: " Winter Baseball" "The National Lumber company team has the distinction of having the only woman scorer in Southern California in Miss P. Blanding. Miss Blanding is an expert in following the game and could give the male members who make an attempt at score-keeping cards and spades."
She was always up for a party, or a song. She became Catholic to marry her Irish baseball player love, Dan Critchley, and she fit right in to the culture, celebrating St. Patrick's Day with the zeal of a leprechaun, seemingly every day of the year. Pearl fit right in, holding her own with a drink, a joke, or a song.
|Dan Critchley, 3rd from left, back row
Aunt Pearl was not known in the family for being practical or conservative in her living or spending habits. She was a bit of a free spirit. After she married her third husband I knew that she loved dinner parties and card parties. When I was a teenager she gave me a negligee that had belonged to her party friend, Auggie, (Augustine Cole), I believe she was the governess of Francesca, the granddaughter of actor Edward G. Robinson and his wife Gladys. Aunt Pearl often mentioned Francesca. I suspect the negligee came as "no longer wanted" following Edward and Gladys' 1956 divorce.
|Pearl with third husband, Pat Hunt, and perhaps Francesca
Aunt Pearl may have been considered a bit of a gray sheep by the family, but she outlived her sisters, despite her cocktails and lack of compliance with diabetes. She also kept some of the family history papers together (in her own way) and passed them down to me.


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New Rochelle Patch.com interviews Ulrich Steidl, M.D., Ph.D., about his genetics research that could lead to new treatment options for acute myeloid leukemia patients. Dr. Steidl is assistant professor of medicine and of cell biology and The Diane and Arthur B. Belfer Faculty Scholar in Cancer Research. (Friday, September 07, 2012)
More coverage on Dr. Steidl | Dr. Steidl's Profile
The Island Current (print only) profiles Herbert H. Schaumburg, M.D., who was awarded Einstein's Lifetime Achievement Award for Excellence in Teaching at its most recent commencement ceremony in June. Dr. Schaumburg is professor in the Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology and the department of pathology. (Monday, July 30, 2012)
Dr. Schaumburg's Profile
The Syosset-Jericho Tribune (print only) reports that Sanjay Goel, M.B.B.S., was named 1 of 12 physicians from across the country selected for the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Leadership Development Program, which is designed to identify and nurture the organization's future leaders. Dr. Goel is associate professor of medicine at Einstein and attending physician at Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care. (Monday, July 30, 2012)
Dr. Goel's Profile
Bronx Times Reporter interviews Salvatore Ciampo about the renovation of Einstein's Van Etten building. The article details the significant improvements to the building and describes some of the centers that have already moved into the new facility, including the Children's Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center and the Clinical Skills Facility. Mr. Ciampo is director of facilities management at Einstein. (Tuesday, May 08, 2012)
The Journal News interviews Ashlesha Dayal, M.D., about why women in the Lower Hudson Valley region have a higher rate of births by cesarean section than the national average. Dr. Dayal is associate professor of clinical obstetrics & gynecology and women's health. (Wednesday, March 28, 2012)
Dr. Dayal's Profile
Bronx News interviews Rubin Silverman, M.D., about how heart disease affects women differently than men and offers prevention tips for both genders. Dr. Silverman is assistant clinical professor of medicine. (Wednesday, March 07, 2012)
Dr. Silverman's Profile
MD News (Lower Hudson/Bronx) profiles the Montefiore Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care for its cover feature. The article includes interviews with the center's co-directors, Robert Michler, M.D., and Mario Garcia, M.D. (Thursday, March 01, 2012)
More coverage on Dr. Michler | More coverage on Dr. Garcia | Dr.Michler's Profile | Dr. Garcia's Profile
Norwood News features a video of Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Ph.D., R.D., discussing the best motivation for sustained weight loss. Dr. Mossavar-Rahmani is associate professor of clinical epidemiology & population health. (January 18, 2012) (Wednesday, January 18, 2012)
More coverage on Dr. Mossavar-Rahmani | Dr.Mossavar-Rahmani's Profile

subset: commoncrawl


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Many Christmases ago, I was privileged to meet and write about a man who represented the spirit of Christmas better than anyone I had ever known. I was a rookie freelance writer on my first assignment for the Saturday Evening Post.
He was a 47-year-old tool crib attendant for the International Harvester Company named Joe Swedie. He had come to the attention of Post editors because he brought so much joy and light into the dark world of sick and disabled children. Perfect, we all agreed, for a Christmas issue.
And so we set up plans for me to join him when he made his hospital rounds on Christmas Eve. But the weather didn't cooperate. It was 5 below zero and the roads were a glaze of ice when Joe arrived at my home in a Chicago suburb, driving a battered 1940 sedan with a back seat full of movie projection equipment. When I questioned the wisdom of taking off in this rig, and my family looked on dubiously, Joe said he hadn't missed showing his weekly movie at this hospital for eight years.
And, besides, it was Christmas Eve. He wasn't going to disappoint his kids. So I went along.
On the way there, he told me that during World War II he had learned how to project movies for our troops in France, and had invited sick and orphaned French kids to come in and watch. He was so overwhelmed by the brief patch of joy it brought these kids that he decided to offer it at home from his bachelor quarters with his sister's family in south Chicago.
Somehow it all made sense when I saw the eager faces lined up at the hospital windows on that frigid Christmas Eve. As a nurse inside put it: "You know, Uncle Joe represents Christmas all year round to these kids."
Joe's entrance into the children's ward left a vivid impression. He swept in, trailing his hospital gown and carrying a movie projector. And, suddenly, the ward came alive. Children, who a minute before were rightfully feeling terribly sorry for themselves, were bouncing on their beds and clamoring for Joe's attention.
In the room darkened for the movie, the faces of the children were sharply silhouetted in the dim light. Joe moved about, squatting beside patients and talking with them softly. As we left the hospital, a little girl hanging over the side of her crib said, "Next week's my birthday." Joe told her he would remember.
And we all believed him absolutely. Still do.
Back home safely, although it was almost midnight, my wife was still up wrapping presents, and when I invited Joe in for coffee there were three heads peering out from the stairway. So we crowned a momentous Christmas Eve by projecting "Miracle on 34th Street" on our living room wall. And thereafter until my family moved to California five years later, Joe would frequently stop at our house and offer the movie of the week to my kids after he finished his hospital rounds.
But those weren't our only ties with Joe. Several months after the magazine story appeared, I got a phone call from Ralph Edwards, a television producer who was planning a show called "Thanks to You." He wanted Joe as the centerpiece. He would be surprised on camera, and Edwards wanted suggestions from me of gifts that would be meaningful to Joe.
I offered several ideas — including toys for his sick children and a new projector and camera — but stressed that his far greatest need was a car. When the show aired on network TV late in the year, Joe was indeed surprised and properly grateful on behalf of his kids — especially when he was led outside and handed the keys to a new car. All of us who loved Joe shared his excitement and gratitude.
That lasted about three months — until Joe showed up with a film for my kids late one night in his old beat-up car. Turned out they took the keys back after the show and all he had were promises. So I checked out the other gifts. Well over half had never been delivered. Christmas was coming again and none of the promised toys had appeared.
So all of Joe's friends got to work. I dealt with the toy company and a thinly veiled threat of legal action on their part if I wrote about their company. But the car, under stress, was finally delivered, along with the toys that were dumped unceremoniously in Joe's front yard, happily in time for Christmas.
Throughout this effort, Joe was mostly puzzled, never angry.
"Being raised the way I was, in an orphanage," he once told me, "I was taught not to demand gifts that people were good enough to give me. If people wanted to give me something and got pleasure and satisfaction out of it, I figured it was up to them in their own good time."
From his reserved seat in heaven, I would believe Joe was saying that there should be as much grace in receiving as there is in giving — an especially good idea at Christmas.
So have a merry one from the Bell Curve.
JOSEPH N. BELL lives in Newport Beach. His column runs Thursdays.


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Captain's Seating Whale Watching & Dolphin Cruise
From USD $51.00
- Duration: 120 Minutes (approx.)
- Location: Newport Beach, CA
Captain's Seating is limited to only 6 spaces per cruise time and allows you and your guests to sit in the captain's quarters with our whale watching captain. Get special insights and witness the process of locating mammals as well as narration on a personal level. With Captain's Seating you are free to move throughout the ship as you wish knowing you have select reserved seating to return to. Great for wowing guests and making a unforgettable experience for kids.
Trip time sold out? Please call (949) 673-1434 for reservation options.


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SBy Sgt. Landis Andrews 444th Mobile Public Affairs Detachment
The community turned out to support the more than two dozen Soldiers as they prepared to spend a year in Kuwait where they will be performing disbursement operations, commercial vending services, military pay, travel and internal control functions.
"Today we're here to recognize their service and say thanks to each and every one of these Soldiers and their families," said Maj. Gen. Glenn K. Rieth, The Adjutant General of New Jersey.
Rieth is certain the 250th is well-trained and well-equipped for the mission at hand.
"The finance community has done phenomenal work and there is no question that these Soldiers will continue the same effort," said Rieth.
U.S. Rep. Leonard Lance (R-7th Dist.) echoed that with his admiration for the unit.
"I have every confidence in the duties you will perform," Lance said. "We have the best army in the world."
|(c) 2011 NJ Department of Military and Veterans Affairs


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Limited Time Offer. 0% Financing with . Learn more
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The Land Rover LR4 Power Steering Rack is an important part of the steering mechanism that turns the car's wheels. It includes a piston that has two fluid containers on either side which have ports to intake and expel the hydraulic fluid. The fluid is compressed by the steering pump and delivered to the rack at a high pressure. The steering wheel, whose torque is sensed by a spool-valve, is connected to a torsion bar. When the steering wheel is turned, the torsion bar twists. The spool-valve then opens one of the fluid ports in the piston. This makes the pressurized fluid enter one side of the piston cylinder while the fluid on the other side flows back to the reservoir. This action pushes the rack to one side to turn the vehicle's wheels in the required direction. The direction in which the rack is pushed is opposite to the direction in which the vehicle needs to be turned. The power steering fluid level should be checked regularly to ensure the proper functioning of the rack.
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Since 1997, Bell Mortgage has made home ownership a reality for thousands of happy families in the Phoenix area. We'd love the opportunity to serve you.
Our roots are deep. In 1880, we were founded in Minneapolis, Minnesota, by early city leader David C. Bell. We added locations throughout the Twin Cities and later expanded into the Phoenix area. Our company remains the oldest and most trusted mortgage provider in Minnesota, along with an established presence here in Arizona.
In 2011, Bell Mortgage became a part of what was then State Bank & Trust. the largest independent bank in the Midwest. One year later, the entire company rebranded as Bell State Bank & Trust, taking the more unique Bell name as a known and respected regional brand. In 2016 the company simplified its name to Bell Bank, while the Arizona mortgage division remains known as Bell Mortgage.
As one of the country's largest privately owned banks, Bell embraces a simple yet powerful commitment to our employees and customers.
Our core values of family, unequaled service and giving back are at the heart of what we do. Employees and customers alike are treated like family, and Bell is recognized as a top place to work and to do business. We're a place where people matter, and results matter. That's the Bell difference.
As part of our Pay It Forward tradition, Bell employees carefully consider the many needs in our communities and our world.
Each year, every full-time employee receives $1,000 and every part-time employee $500 to give as they choose to individuals, families or organizations in need. To date, Pay It Forward has empowered more than $12 million in giving.
Together, we can change the world one good deed at a time. Learn more about the program and watch giving stories on our Pay It Forward website.


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The hub for all things Halo is live on my Xbox 360 (and yours if you have the dashboard update preview). I'm a Level 19 Halo user, it seems. Check out my video tour, which starts with... Avatar Awards.
Avatar item unlocks.... Awards given for people who get Achievements pulled from a series of related games... what do you think?


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Louboutin Wins Case on Red-Sole High Heels
The European Union's top court has defended French fashion designer Christian Louboutin's claim to trademark red soled high-heel shoes.
The European Court of Justice ruled Tuesday that Van Haren, a Dutch company that sold similar shoes, had infringed the trade mark.
The court said that it did not matter that its shoes were different in shape. It said the registration of the trademark "sought solely to protect that application of a colour to a specific part of that product."
Louboutin said in a statement that it "warmly welcomes this judgment."
Copyright Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


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After a week in the Great Northwest (as we like to call it, or at least as the old Ford commercials used to), it's back to Nashville for me. And back to work. That needs to happen really soon.
First off, how happy was I to be flying to Nashville and not Newark? Really, really happy. And that's despite the five hours I spent in Houston, waiting on the flight crew. Turns out, five hours in an airport means gossip magazines, beer at Chili's, and plenty of knitting time. It was a nice surprise: a few more hours of vacation.
Also, I confirmed that I am still absolutely useless at the Harper's crossword. Darn cryptic clues.
What you see here is actually my second attempt at the button band. I didn't have a tape measure handy in the airport and so I just kind of guess where I thought 2 1/4 inches might be … then got tired of knitting 2×2 ribbing over so many stitches, convinced myself that I was close enough, and bound off before we landed in Nashville.
I was close (only off about 1/2 inch), but I really do like a deep button band … so I ripped and reknit the last inch or so. Much better. Now to bind off and finish the sleeves: then it's block and wear time.
I tried on the first version when I got home, before the minor frogging and expansion project: it fits! it's cute! I can't wait to wear it! Needless to say, I'm all fired up to try some more cardigans. This is the next one I'm thinking of tackling: Golden Wheat. Though I do love the Twenty Ten … perfect for 2011, right?
Speaking of which: Happy New Year! I hope 2011 brings everyone warmth, wool, happiness, silliness, and all manner of good things! And new boots. Those are also very important.


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Personal Story
Raising Awareness About HIV and Alzheimer's: Kelly Kittell
July 1, 2014
"One day, I was giving a lecture and the world dropped out from beneath me," Kelly Kittell recounted. "I had no idea why I was up there and what I was supposed to be saying." That was one of the last memories Kelly had of ever working within his field. Shortly after, he took a medical leave and never returned.
Kelly was diagnosed with HIV in 1990, when he turned 30. In 1994, his then partner passed away due to AIDS complications and, unfortunately, Kelly's final memory from that era is of his partner dying in his arms. Kelly suffers from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), and with this, parts of his past have been unwillingly forgotten.
"It was around 2001 that my life began to go astray, and I wasn't sure why," he revealed. "Eventually, I kind of dropped off and disappeared." Kelly lost his job, his friends and, most importantly, his family. Nobody could find him. If it weren't for the ongoing efforts of his sister, Katrina Olsen, he might have been found after it was too late. Fortunately, Kelly was found over a year later, after which, he was diagnosed and treated for early-onset Alzheimer's and stage-three dementia. The effects had set in and Kelly had suffered severe memory loss and had only a 15- to 30-minute memory span. It wasn't until 2010 that he finally regained full capacity of his memory.
"Kelly didn't realize he was sick, and was in complete denial about it all," Katrina shared. "It wasn't until I took him to a restaurant and he ordered a meal, and then ordered a second meal, and later ordered a third." The confusion at the restaurant and the frustration and anger Kelly felt from it all were enough to make him realize that something was wrong.
"I'm not telling this story, I am telling the story as it was told to me," explained Kelly, who became emotional when trying to recall certain parts of his past. Most within the HIV community don't know much about HAND and how to recognize the symptoms in others. Kelly and Katrina volunteered for AIDS/LifeCycle (ALC) in hopes of raising awareness about the potential side effects that can result from HIV, especially in long-term HIV survivors who didn't receive the proper combination of medication early on. "There are so many people out there right now, dying because they are misdiagnosed, just like I was," Kelly said. "I am so lucky to be able to volunteer my time with ALC and have my sister be here with me, and hopefully make people aware."
AIDS/LifeCycle is a fully supported, seven-day bike ride from San Francisco to Los Angeles. It's a life-changing ride -- not a race -- through some of California's most beautiful countryside. AIDS/LifeCycle is coproduced by the Los Angeles LGBT Center and the San Francisco AIDS Foundation and is designed to advance their shared mission to reduce new HIV infections and improve the quality of life for people living with HIV/AIDS. This year, over 3,000 cyclists and volunteer roadies raised just over $15 million.
David Duran is a freelance journalist and writer based in Brooklyn, N.Y. You can follow him on Twitter at @theemuki.
More From This Resource Center
Undetectable Viral Load and HIV Prevention: What Do Gay and Bi Men Need to Know?
Do HIV-Negative Gay Men Need Condoms if They're on PrEP? Here's What I Tell My Patients
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As you may know, I have an interest in digital media, particularly regarding digital video, including its production and its use (home, mobile, etc.). I've decided to start a blog (or two) and maybe a related podcast on the topic of digital media. Specifically, I want to reach these two audiences:
- Home entertainment enthusiasts – those people who have a computer of some kind stationed in or near their home entertainment center, dedicated solely for use by the home entertainment center
- Digital media content producers – those people who capture audio, video, and/or digital images and work with them in order to deliver the appropriate format and size for their intended destination (such as TV, mobile devices, the web, etc.)
I've thought about this quite a bit, but I wonder, what do you think? Here are the issues I am wrestling with:
- Are these target audiences different enough to warrant two separate blogs, or can one blog serve both audiences with excellence?
- I really like the "blog family" concept, which I think is essential to establish a brand. Think about TechCrunch, MobileCrunch, and TalkCrunch as an example of a "blog family". With that in mind, what should the blog/blogs/podcast be called?
I'm usually really good at brainstorming, but for some reason, the name question is killing me. Therefore, as a thank you for relieving my mental block, whoever comes up with the naming scheme I end up using will receive a free copy of Tribes by Seth Godin. Please comment here with your suggestions, and thanks in advance for your help!


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Cover Tribute Of The Week: Sasha Allen Does Whitney Houston "I Will Always Love You" & Sounds Almost Identical!
Sasha Allen sings "I Will Always Love You" in honor of the death of Whitney Houston
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


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Next to nothing stands in the way of a destabilizing fire sale in a vast part of U.S. financial markets if a dealer were to default, top Federal Reserve researchers warned in a paper that aims to rejuvenate debate over supervising the industry.
The paper on the triparty repo market, published Tuesday, finds regulators have "limited" tools to stop dealers from rapidly selling off these assets when they face default, and, once a dealer defaults, they have "no established" tools to stop investors from dumping the assets.
Continue Reading Below
The paper is co-authored by the head of research at the New York Fed, James McAndrews, and could help kick-start stalled discussions on how to safeguard the nearly $2-trillion triparty repurchase agreement market, known as triparty repo.
Reforms have only inched forward since the 2007-2009 financial crisis when the repo market came under severe stress as investors liquidated holdings, prompting the U.S. central bank to launch emergency lending facilities.
Yet triparty's problems were first laid bare back in 1998 when Long Term Capital Management (LTCM) collapsed and needed a bailout after a fire sale at the fund sapped liquidity and rocked U.S. markets.
The case of LTCM "underscores the need for a well-established arrangement to be set up in advance," argue the New York Fed researchers, who include McAndrews, Brian Begalle, Antoine Martin and Susan McLaughlin.
"Because of the size of this market and the fact that some of its participants are vulnerable to runs, fire sales are particularly likely," they say.
The repos are a prime source of short-term bank funding and are backed by Treasuries or riskier collateral, including mortgage-backed debt.
Large, rapid sales of the assets could depress their prices and lead to even more losses and dwindling capital for firms facing defaults, possibly forcing others to dump assets too.
Last summer the New York Fed unveiled reforms that would force banks to reduce their reliance on the short-term loans. And in February, New York Fed President William Dudley advocated expanding the U.S. central bank's backstop to triparty dealers doing "socially useful" business or forcing them to rely more on longer-term funding.
Last month the country's top financial stability group, the Financial Stability Oversight Council, singled out triparty repos in an annual report warning that short-term funding markets for banks remain susceptible to runs.
The landmark 2010 Dodd-Frank U.S. financial reform law includes some tools to wind down a so-called systemically important broker dealer, "but these might not be invoked, creating possibly damaging uncertainties," the paper argues.
Stopping a post-default fire sale requires a pre-established mechanism for the "orderly liquidation of triparty collateral, including by funding such instruments for a period of time and clarifying the incidence of any losses," it says, adding dealers will likely need to be actively engaged in the process.
(Reporting by Jonathan Spicer)


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Photography means different things to different people. Everyone has their own perspective and is due that right. These Your Turn Photo Contests have been fun to announce themes, and for the TWSNOW.com viewer to interpret and submit images. This theme is "White Room." Powder to shred was more scare than usual this season, but it looks like the photographers that submitted these following images were in the right place at the right time. Take a minute and have look at what they found.
Here are the top 12 photos that best represent the contest themed "White Room."
And the winner is, Matt Berglund, who made this photo of Stephan Babler floating through blower Colorado pow pow.
*To enter all you have to do is upload your favorite image/s to the Your Stuff section of the TWSNOW.com homepage. Just be sure to size your photos 1000 pixels on the longest side, saved at 72dpi, and most importantly tag your photo with the theme "Pipe Dreams" with a caption of the rider name & location.
Have Fun and Good Luck!!!


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Nutrition Facts and Ingredients for School Menu items
Have you joined us for salad bar lately? Here's is some feedback from someone who has:
Click on item to view detailed information:
Chicken Entrees: Conard High School Salad Bar
Beef Entrees:
Pizza Entrees:
Bosco Stuffed Crust Pizza Square
Nardone 6-inch Round Personal Pizza
Nardone Garlic French Bread Pizza
Breakfast Items: What's Shaking?
French Toast Sticks Your school cafeteria has taken big steps
Sausage Links to reduce sodium in school meals. Click
Sausage Patties here for more information.
Deli Turkey
Deli Ham
Diced Chicken (used on salad bar)
Diced (turkey) Ham (used on salad bar)
Mozzarella Sticks
Marinara Sauce


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Annie Buffalo Black Check Fabric Euro Sham 26x26
The Annie Buffalo Black Check Euro Sham is a fresh and lighthearted piece tailored to complete the look of your laid back farmhouse bedroom. Patterned with black and antique white buffalo checks, and trimmed with gathered ruffles. 100% cotton. Reverses to same as front.
- PREMIUM CONSTRUCTION: with over two decades experience crafting goods for American homes, our item are built to last for years to come.
- FARMHOUSE DECOR: fits your farmhouse home with updated country style.
- QUALITY MATERIAL: made with durable 100% cotton for a proper look and feel.
- Large-scale black and antique white buffalo check cotton fabric
- Trimmed with 3" self-gathered ruffle
- Reverses to same as front
- Features 3 tie closures with 3" overlap to conceal pillow insert
- Single fabric: Machine stitched
- Material: 100% Cotton
- Dimensions: 26" x 26"
- Weight: 0.4 lb
- Closure Type: Ties Closure
- Manufacturer Country: India
- Care: Machine Wash, Tumble Dry Low, Iron safe
Colors Available
- Black - Antique White, Country Black
- Grey - Antique White, Ash Grey
- Red - Country Red, Antique Creme
- Tan - Antique White, Semolina
We also offer Priority Mail for US and International orders. Please note international orders may get charged Duty and Taxes by your the country of destination. You are solely responsible for any duty or taxes.
Returns - The Village Country Store
Our policy lasts 14 days. Within 14 days of purchase you can return your goods, no questions asked. If 14 days have gone by since your purchase, unfortunately we can't offer you a refund or exchange.
General Returns
To be eligible for a return, your item must be unused and in the same condition that you received it.
Please contact us for a return authorization and shipping instructions. Please include the paperwork you received with your order or a print out of your email confirmation to enable us to process your return.
If you are shipping an item over $75, you should consider using a trackable shipping service or purchasing shipping insurance.
Damaged Goods
Please notify us by email email@example.com - we will determine if we need the item returned. A replacement will be set.
Customize your order
Customer Reviews
I really love the Audrey Red Runner. It looks great on my black wood table. Also have the placemats. My kitchen has an unique class about it. Also the store keeper Michele Adam's is awesome. She really goes out of her way. She helped me find exactly what I needed. If you have any questions messenger her. I've now bought for bath & bedroom. The product is made well.
I love these curtains. Needed something to cover the storage for my table. Michele shop keeper helped me find exactly what I needed. Thanks so much. It looks awesome. She goes beyond, to help you.
The are wounderful. Very well made. This mean a lot to me. I'm only using 2 on table the others are being used around my home. Under lamp, in gossip chairs seat, under a tall bookshelf. I've ordered the runner that goes with them. Receiving on 2.20.19. Can't wait.
I'm loving this rug. Using it in front of sink. I would reccomend all the Sawyer Mill Charcoal item. I love them. Looks really good in kitchen.
Love it. Using on my black wood table. This color brings out the table. I love it. The quality is awesome.


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I have searched the forum for a similar problem but have been unable to find anything.
What i am trying to achieve is a dropdown menu which behaves in the following way:
1, Someone selects an category from the first dropdown menu
2, if the category has subcategories then dynamically create a new dropdown underneath and in the process fill it with the subcategories from the chosen option in the first menu.
3, keep doing the above until there are no more subcategories for the chosen option.
I have a demo setup at http://evolvenet.co.uk/dd/subcats.php
There is a small bug in the code which does not completely clear all submenus from the page when you go up the chain and select an option from the first menu... follow the below steps to see what i mean:
1, select "UK Local" from the first dropdown
2, select "Accountants" from the dynamically created dropdown, a dropdown containing "England, Scotland, Wales, N.Ireland" will appear dynamically
3, select "UK Online" from the first dropdown
Now after step 3 you will notice that the dynamically created downdown containing "England, Scotland, Wales, N.Ireland" is still present when it should ideally disappear from the page (it was generated by clicking "UK Local" and is not a sub category list of "UK Online")
Hopefully someone can understand the above, if i didnt make something entirely clear please ask questions and i will try to explain further.
will appreciate any replies.


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The Rescued Jeep Wrangler - Part 2Posted in Project Vehicles on May 2, 2013
When it comes to building a project vehicle, we are always looking for ways to challenge our minds, but not our bank accounts. It's sort of like those choose your own adventure books that you read as a child. If you put X part here, then you'll have to make room for Y part there. Building our latest '95 Jeep Wrangler project vehicle has been a refresher of that in many ways. Last month we introduced you to our YJ project, appropriately named the Rescued Wrangler.
For the past few years many of our personal and magazine projects have been vehicles such as fullsize trucks and SUVs that have limited aftermarket support. These types of builds force creativity, simply because there are not many options. The Rescued Wrangler project is just the opposite, as finding aftermarket parts for a Jeep is as easy as walking into your local 7-Eleven and buying a Coke.
The challenge now is to find the right parts that will still retain the budget-beater trail rig idea, without limiting the potential of the rig. With 2½-ton Rockwell axles and the stock powertrain, our Wrangler teeters on the edge of complete impracticality, but that's OK.
Admittedly, the axles are what drew us to the project, so they are the first things that we wanted to dig into on the Jeep. In our experience, it's hard to hurt a Rockwell axle- especially when fitted with a mild 4.0L inline-six powerplant like ours.
Using the expert help and shop space at Low Range 4x4 in Wilmington, North Carolina, we made tremendous progress for our first month of the build. In this installment we are tearing down the YJ to the basics and fitting the massive axles with a few upgrades to make them better on the trail. Next month, we'll continue our work on the axles and make way on the other critical parts needed for this once abandoned rig to survive what we have in store.
Inside Rocks
The 2.5-ton Rockwell differential is a double-reduction gear differential which means it has two separate gearsets. The upper gearset consists of a 9-tooth pinion, which feeds a 22-tooth ring gear. This creates a 2.44:1 upper-gear ratio. This upper ratio powers the lower gearset which is comprised of a 12-tooth spur gear (also known as an intermediate gear) and massive 33-tooth bull gear. This upper ratio of 2.44:1 is multiplied by the lower ratio of 2.75:1 to provide the final 6.72:1 ratio.This gear ratio is ideal for running 44-inch and larger tires. Pictured here is a training model of the 2.5-ton Rockwell that we ran across on a recent visit to Memphis Equipment in Tennessee.


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Carmelo Anthony Tie & Game Winning 3 Pointer On OT Vs Bulls! + Carmelo's 43 Points [Highlights]
04 - 08 - 2012
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I spent a couple hours deleting obvious spam user accounts most of which were Russian or were linked to Russian web sites. I also implemented a large ban list for web spiders and bots. Didn't ban google, yahoo, bing etc but rather the sites that pump search rankings which is the reason for the fake accounts adding garbage to our forums trying to boost clients search results across the web.
New user accounts that add URLs to their profile that are not game related (people use to link to their battlelog profile) will be deleted if there is no evidence they are real people contributing to the community.


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Trying to get back into the swing of this. I recently came across a blog called Vintage Booze that's doing the same thing I am, although they're mostly covering ads from the 1960s onward. I'm interested in tracing brands that have survived to today and those that haven't, while looking at the way alcohol branding has changed over the decades since Repeal, so I'm taking a deeper view. Besides, a good idea's a good idea, and it doesn't bother me that someone else had the same good idea.
Speaking of dead brands, here's one that really interests me: Pilgrim Rum.
South Boston, Mass. That makes it a 20th-century example of a New England rum. That's interesting enough by itself. The Felton family apparently started distilling in 1819. Writing in Rum: A Social and Sociable History, Ian Williams notes:
At the end of Prohibition, several companies tried to revive the centuries-old tradition of New England rum. One valiant effort was Pilgrim rum, whose efforts to evoke Yankee history did not work out in the marketplace…. By the modern age, only Felton was left of the New England rums. In 1983, the plant was sold and mothballed, and so ended the tradition.
The building still exists. Renamed The Distillery, it's now an artists community. There's a great and thorough history of the building on their website.
Here's another great example of a defunct brand that I'd really love to try sometime, just because I'm so curious about how it tasted.
(Ads are from 1936-1937 issues of Life magazine.)


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Binary I/O
Binary I/O is a critical need in Haskell for many real-world problems. Haskell 98 treats I/O as character-based, and lacks a well-defined mechanism for binary I/O. However, a number of external libraries exist providing various forms of binary I/O.
Two forms of binary I/O are considered here:
- Word8 based extensions to System.IO, and
- Typeclass-based Binary I/O (referred to as Binary) for serialising arbitrary data types, layered over Word8 extensions
- Character-based I/O is needed, at least because systems (e.g. Unix and Windows) have different line-termination conventions that should be hidden from programs. The problem becomes more acute when different environments use different character sets and encodings (see Unicode).
- Binary I/O is needed both to handle binary data and as a base upon which general treatment s of character-encoding conversions (see Unicode) may be layered.
- Type-classed binary I/O is needed to support serialisable structures and peristence for arbitrary Haskell data
Proposal 1 - System.IO
- One proposal is to add a form of I/O over
Word8(i.e. octets, 8-bit binary values). See the "Binary input and output" section of System.IO for a rough design.
Proposal 2 - The Binary class
- Proposal two is to add a Binary class, based on the type class described in The Bits Between The Lambdas. The advantage of this form of binary I/O over the simpler System.IO library is support for serialising more complex data types, using type classes to recursively define binary I/O routines for each component of the type. Instances of I/O may be written by hand, or derived mechanically with DrIFT. Ideally Binary would be derivable by the compiler (as is done currently in nhc98), or perhaps using some form of datatype-generic declarations (see DerivedInstances).
Proposal 1
- The simplest implementation option is System.IO, which provides hGetBuf-style I/O. More sophisticated systems can be layered on top, as external libraries.
- A related library for Packed strings, layered over System.IO, are a related interface, and sometimes used for binary I/O of flat data types.
Proposal 2
- The Binary class is the de-facto standard for more structured data. The origins are described here. Distributed with nhc, and used by GHC to deal with .hi files. Tool support from DrIFT to derive new instances. Flavours include:
- NHC's binary, the original
- GHC's Binary, used internally by GHC.
- NewBinary, the standard version today
- Lambdabot/Hmp3's Binary, a stripped-down Handle-only version of Binary.
- SerTH is a Binary-alike, which uses Template Haskell to derive serialiser instances for each data type. It's an alternative to using DrIFT (or handwriting) your own Binary instances. Obviously requires TH. Supports serialising cyclic structures
- ByteStream, a new high-performance serialisation library, using gzip compression.
- A new optimised binary library
- Clarify relationship between Haskell and C strings (or is that for the FFI?)
- More clarification of what is meant by `Binary I/O' (i.e. packed strings, packed data, serialisation, ..)
Pros/Cons? : System.IO
- System.IO extensions are already in common use, simple to implement
- More sophisticated binary I/O may be layered on top
- Possible that the API is not rich enough for many binary I/O requirements, we should strive for more?
Pros/Cons? : Binary
- The Binary class (particularly as implemented in NewBinary?) is simple to implement and widely used.
- Binary IO is a critical feature, lack of which is sometimes considered a flaw in Haskell98.
- Difficult to serialise data without this class
- Doesn't support cyclic structures
- Lack of derivability can be annoying
Last modified 13 years ago Last modified on Jan 27, 2006 11:47:08 AM


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As we wait for white smoke out of Fenway Park, one of the swirling Cubs issues is this:
Would you trade Starlin Castro for Theo Epstein?
That's the DEFCON 1 scenario as Tom Ricketts stalks Boston's general manager.
We don't know if the Cubs received approval to pursue the man who appears to be their top choice. We don't know if Epstein even wants to leave his hometown heroes for the most futile franchise in sports history.
If the answers are yes and yes, then it'll cost the Cubs because the man who brought two World Series to Boston has a year left on his contract. But cost them how much? Cost them what? Their best young player in decades?
Players win, but players account for one position at a time. A general manager affects all 25 roster spots, the 40-man roster, the draft, and blah, blah blah.
Fans pay to watch star players. No, wait, forget it, these are Cubs fans. They pay to watch Doug Davis. But even Cubs fans aren't drunk enough or dumb enough to watch someone generally manage.
What exactly is a suit worth compared to a uniform? Ricketts would be playing poker with the Red Sox at this point. He would be heads-up against people with more experience and more baseball savvy. Daddy's money can't help at this point.
So, who would be advising Ricketts? Tim Wilken? Oneri Fleita? With all due respect, wouldn't your scouting director and farm director have a vested interest in the success of their most talented youngster?
Wouldn't they need to see that kid in Cubs colors to validate their jobs?
Wouldn't they be loathe to give away such valuable currency, especially in exchange for someone who will become their boss?
Pick a question, and the answer smacks of a conflict of interest.
Truth is, the question needs to be recast to reflect the reality of the situation:
Would Epstein trade Castro for himself?
Because that would be his first big decision on the Cubs roster. Epstein knows baseball better than Ricketts, right? I mean, that's why Ricketts is going after him.
Presuming Ricketts realizes his limitations, he makes Epstein answer the Castro question. He makes Epstein negotiate that one. He makes Epstein decide whether he thinks the Cubs win a deal in which he trades his new team's best young player for himself.
And you know what? Epstein would be ripe for a conflict-of-interest charge himself, or at least have his judgment questioned loudly. He might be loathing his spot in the Red Sox organization so much that he would trade anyone and everyone to escape.
How desperate is Epstein? How big is Epstein's ego? Does any of that matter if his vision is a better gamble than Castro's future?
This is when Ricketts could really use a baseball guy to trade for his baseball guy.


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Sepharose® 6B affinity chromatography beads covalently modified with steroids or other ligands such that ligand binding to receptors is not compromised resulting in high receptor-binding specificity.
- Efficient isolation and purification of receptor proteins (nuclear and others)
- Ligand binding affinity studies
- Preparation of receptor-ligand complexes for crystallography studies.
- Assisting in the structure-based design of receptor selective ligands (e.g. see Manas et al.)
Typical ligand loading: 10-14 μmoles/mL bead.
Sold under license from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI and distributed by Polysciences, Inc. Sepharose is a trademark of GE Healthcare.
- Reference(s):
- See Technical Data Sheet
- Hazards:
- Flammable liquid, Irritant
- Handling:
- Glove, chemical goggles & chemical mask or hood
- Storage:
- Store at 4 degrees celsius


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You're getting a tax refund, so you filed early. So where's your check?
Continue Reading Below
Well, you can stop bugging your mail carrier. There are more productive ways to track down your Internal Revenue Service cash.
Now you can go online, call a special toll-free number or even use your smartphone to check your refund status. The tracking options work regardless of whether you're awaiting a check in the mail or you've instructed the IRS to directly deposit your tax cash into one or multiple accounts.
The waiting game
Since 2003, taxpayers have been able to use the IRS' "Where's My Refund?" Web page to track down refunds directly from their own computers.
But exactly when you need this service depends on how you filed your tax return. The IRS says you can find out exactly where in the system your return is within 24 hours after the agency has received your e-filed tax return. If you mailed your return, you must wait four weeks before you can track it via the online search tool.
However, the IRS recommends that taxpayers not call too early or too often.
The agency says that refunds are generally issued within 21 days after receipt of a tax return and taxpayers should call only if they've been waiting longer than that. The best times to call, according to the IRS, are evenings and weekends. Also, one call a day should be sufficient since the system is updated just once every 24 hours.
However, if it's been more than three weeks since you filed and you're still waiting for your refund, it's time to log on and locate your money.
Necessary tracking data
To get started, you'll need your Social Security number, the filing status entered on your return and the amount you're expecting. Joint-return filers should enter the name and tax ID number of the spouse shown first on the return.
And don't do any rounding on the refund amount entry. The tracking program wants precise dollars and cents.
If you have any questions about exactly what information the IRS wants here, the "Where's My Refund?" program has links that will open up new screens with explanations of where you can find the information on your copy of your tax return.
After you've entered the necessary data, click and wait for the good news that your check is in the mail.
Dialing for tax dollars
If you don't have access to a computer or simply prefer using a telephone, you still can call the IRS to track down your refund.
A special automated toll-free line is dedicated to refund status reports. When you call (800) 829-1954, you'll need the same information the online system requires.
In addition to having a copy of your return on hand, it's always a good idea to have paper and pen ready to jot down any information, additional instructions or follow-up phone numbers that you might receive during the call.
And, as with the online system, don't call unless it's been the requisite number of weeks since you filed.
There's an app for that
The IRS has gone mobile with IRS2Go, the agency's smartphone application. It allows taxpayers to check on the status of their tax refund.
Once again, you'll need your Social Security number, filing status and expected refund amount to use IRS2Go.
After you find out what's up with your refund, you can use the app to sign up for IRS tax updates or follow the IRS on Twitter.
The IRS refund tracking app also has a "contacts" section, with telephone numbers and hours for the agency's various tax help lines, as well as links to help you find your local taxpayer assistance center if you want some face-to-face help.
The IRS2Go app is free at the Apple App Store and the Android Market.
What's the holdup?
Regardless of which tracking method is used, the IRS says that in most cases a taxpayer will learn his or her return was received and is being processed.
When the tax check is indeed in the mail, the tracking systems will provide the date it was sent out or directly deposited to the filer's chosen account.
But even when the news is bad, the online program might be able to offer some immediate help. If, for example, the U.S. Postal Service bounced your refund check back to the IRS as undeliverable, the IRS online tracker now allows some taxpayers to correct or change their mailing addresses online so they can get their refunds ASAP.
If this option is available in your case, "Where's My Refund?" will prompt you to take the appropriate steps.
What if it's lost?
Occasionally, though, a tax check actually is lost.
If your online or automated phone inquiry reveals your refund was mailed but it still hasn't shown up, you can begin an online refund trace using the "Where's My Refund?" program. This option is available for filers who are still waiting for refund money the IRS says was mailed at least 28 days earlier. If this is your situation, the online program will prompt you to take the next steps.
You also can call the IRS' main help line at (800) 829-1040. But be forewarned: During the filing season, you're probably in for a wait.
More localized assistance might be a better move. Check the IRS' "How to Contact Us" Web page for local and regional agency addresses and numbers.
Once the IRS verifies your refund check is lost or stolen, the replacement process will begin. You might be asked to complete Form 3911, Taxpayer Statement Regarding Refund, to get the ball rolling.
Check your bank account
The IRS has one final piece of advice for eager filers still looking for that refund: If you requested direct deposit, check your bank account regularly.
The IRS will simply transfer the money to your financial institution without sending you any other notification. It's up to you to find out if the tax refund is already in your account.
Copyright 2014, Bankrate Inc.


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International Monetary Fund (IMF), United Nations (UN) specialized agency, founded at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944 to secure international monetary cooperation, to stabilize currency exchange rates, and to expand international liquidity (access to hard currencies).
The first half of the 20th century was marked by two world wars that caused enormous physical and economic destruction in Europe and a Great Depression that wrought economic devastation in both Europe and the United States. These events kindled a desire to create a new international monetary system that would stabilize currency exchange rates without backing currencies entirely with gold; to reduce the frequency and severity of balance-of-payments deficits (which occur when more foreign currency leaves a country than enters it); and to eliminate destructive mercantilist trade policies, such as competitive devaluations and foreign exchange restrictions—all while substantially preserving each country's ability to pursue independent economic policies. Multilateral discussions led to the UN Monetary and Financial Conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, U.S., in July 1944. Delegates representing 44 countries drafted the Articles of Agreement for a proposed International Monetary Fund that would supervise the new international monetary system. The framers of the new Bretton Woods monetary regime hoped to promote world trade, investment, and economic growth by maintaining convertible currencies at stable exchange rates. Countries with temporary, moderate balance-of-payments deficits were expected to finance their deficits by borrowing foreign currencies from the IMF rather than by imposing exchange controls, devaluations, or deflationary economic policies that could spread their economic problems to other countries.
After ratification by 29 countries, the Articles of Agreement entered into force on December 27, 1945. The fund's board of governors convened the following year in Savannah, Georgia, U.S., to adopt bylaws and to elect the IMF's first executive directors. The governors decided to locate the organization's permanent headquarters in Washington, D.C., where its 12 original executive directors first met in May 1946. The IMF's financial operations began the following year.
The IMF is headed by a board of governors, each of whom represents one of the organization's approximately 180 member states. The governors, who are usually their countries' finance ministers or central bank directors, attend annual meetings on IMF issues. The fund's day-to-day operations are administered by an executive board, which consists of 24 executive directors who meet at least three times a week. Eight directors represent individual countries (China, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, and the United States), and the other 16 represent the fund's remaining members, grouped by world regions. Because it makes most decisions by consensus, the executive board rarely conducts formal voting. The board is chaired by a managing director, who is appointed by the board for a renewable five-year term and supervises the fund's staff of about 2,700 employees from more than 140 countries. The managing director is usually a European and—by tradition—not an American. The first female managing director, Christine Lagarde of France, was appointed in June 2011.
Each member contributes a sum of money called a quota subscription. Quotas are reviewed every five years and are based on each country's wealth and economic performance—the richer the country, the larger its quota. The quotas form a pool of loanable funds and determine how much money each member can borrow and how much voting power it will have. For example, the United States' approximately $83 billion contribution is the most of any IMF member, accounting for approximately 17 percent of total quotas. Accordingly, the United States receives about 17 percent of the total votes on both the board of governors and the executive board. The Group of Eight industrialized nations (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) controls nearly 50 percent of the fund's total votes.
Since its creation, the IMF's principal activities have included stabilizing currency exchange rates, financing the short-term balance-of-payments deficits of member countries, and providing advice and technical assistance to borrowing countries.
Stabilizing currency exchange rates
Under the original Articles of Agreement, the IMF supervised a modified gold standard system of pegged, or stable, currency exchange rates. Each member declared a value for its currency relative to the U.S. dollar, and in turn the U.S. Treasury tied the dollar to gold by agreeing to buy and sell gold to other governments at $35 per ounce. A country's exchange rate could vary only 1 percent above or below its declared value. Seeking to eliminate competitive devaluations, the IMF permitted exchange rate movements greater than 1 percent only for countries in "fundamental balance-of-payments disequilibrium" and only after consultation with, and approval by, the fund. In August 1971 U.S. President Richard Nixon ended this system of pegged exchange rates by refusing to sell gold to other governments at the stipulated price. Since then each member has been permitted to choose the method it uses to determine its exchange rate: a free float, in which the exchange rate for a country's currency is determined by the supply and demand of that currency on the international currency markets; a managed float, in which a country's monetary officials will occasionally intervene in international currency markets to buy or sell its currency to influence short-term exchange rates; a pegged exchange arrangement, in which a country's monetary officials pledge to tie their currency's exchange rate to another currency or group of currencies; or a fixed exchange arrangement, in which a country's currency exchange rate is tied to another currency and is unchanging. After losing its authority to regulate currency exchange rates, the IMF shifted its focus to loaning money to developing countries.
Financing balance-of-payments deficits
Members with balance-of-payments deficits may borrow money in foreign currencies, which they must repay with interest, by purchasing with their own currencies the foreign currencies held by the IMF. Each member may immediately borrow up to 25 percent of its quota in this way. The amounts available for purchase are denominated in Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), whose value is calculated daily as a weighted average of four currencies: the U.S. dollar, the euro, the Japanese yen, and the British pound sterling. SDRs are an international reserve asset created by the IMF in 1969 to supplement members' existing reserve assets of foreign currencies and gold. Countries use the SDRs that have been allocated to them by the IMF to settle international debts. More than 20 billion SDRs were allocated to members in successive allocations from 1969 through 1981. SDRs are not part of the quota subscriptions supplied by members, and thus they are not part of the general asset pool available for loans to members. The IMF uses the SDR as its unit of account for all transactions. Drawing on the IMF by a country raises the fund's holdings of that country's currency but lowers its holdings of another country's currency by an equal amount. Thus the composition of the fund's resources changes, but the total resources as measured in SDRs remains the same. The country repays the loan over a specified period (usually three to five years) by using member currencies acceptable to the IMF to repurchase its own national currency. Only about 20 currencies are borrowed during a typical year, with most borrowers exchanging their currency for the major convertible currencies: the U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen, the euro, and the British pound sterling. Countries whose currencies are borrowed by other member governments receive remuneration—about 4 percent of the amount borrowed.
Additional loans are available for members with financial difficulties that require them to borrow more than 25 percent of their quotas. The IMF uses an analytic framework known as financial programming, which was first fully formulated by IMF staff economist Jacques Polak in 1957, to determine the amount of the loan and the macroeconomic adjustments and structural reforms needed to reestablish the country's balance-of-payments equilibrium. The IMF has several financing programs, or facilities, for providing these loans, including a standby arrangement, which makes short-term assistance available to countries experiencing temporary or cyclical balance-of-payments deficits; an extended-fund facility, which supports medium-term relief; a supplemental-reserve facility, which provides loans in cases of extraordinary short-term deficits; and, since 1987, a poverty-reduction and growth facility. Each facility has its own access limit, disbursement plan, maturity structure, and repayment schedule. The typical IMF loan, known as an upper-credit tranche arrangement, features an annual access limit of 100 percent of a member's quota, quarterly disbursements, a one- to three-year maturity structure, and a three- to five-year repayment schedule. The IMF charges the same interest rate to every country that borrows from a particular financing facility. Loans typically carry annual interest charges of approximately 4.5 percent.
Each of these loans is accompanied by a "letter of intent" that specifies the macroeconomic adjustments and structural reforms required by the IMF as conditions for assistance. Loan conditions, or "conditionality," have been explicitly authorized by the Articles of Agreement since 1968. Typical conditionalities require borrowing governments to reduce budget deficits and rates of money growth; to eliminate monopolies, price controls, interest rate ceilings, and subsidies; to deregulate selected industries, particularly the banking sector; to lower tariffs and eliminate quotas; to remove export barriers; to maintain adequate international currency reserves; and to devalue their currencies if faced with fundamental balance-of-payments deficits. These adjustments are intended to reduce imports and increase exports to enable the country to earn sufficient foreign exchange in the future to pay its foreign debts, including the newly incurred IMF debt. Most lending programs specify quarterly targets for key economic variables that, in theory, must be met to receive the next loan installment.
Advising borrowing governments
The IMF consults annually with each member government. Through these contacts, known as "Article IV Consultations," the IMF attempts to assess each country's economic health and to forestall future financial problems. The fund also operates the IMF Institute, a department that provides training in macroeconomic analysis and policy formulation for officials of member countries.
Criticism and debate
The impact of IMF loans has been widely debated. Opponents of the IMF argue that the loans enable member countries to pursue reckless domestic economic policies knowing that, if needed, the IMF will bail them out. This safety net, critics charge, delays needed reforms and creates long-term dependency. Opponents also argue that the IMF rescues international bankers who have made bad loans, thereby encouraging them to approve ever riskier international investments.
IMF conditionalities have also been widely debated. Critics contend that IMF policy prescriptions provide uniform remedies that are not adequately tailored to each country's unique circumstances. These standard, austere loan conditions reduce economic growth and deepen and prolong financial crises, creating severe hardships for the poorest people in borrowing countries and strengthening local opposition to the IMF.
Learn More in these related Britannica articles:
international payment and exchange: The International Monetary FundThe International Monetary Fund (IMF), founded at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, is the official organization for securing international monetary cooperation. It has done useful work in various fields, such as research and the publication of statistics and the tendering of…
United States: The new U.S. role in world affairsWorld Bank and the International Monetary Fund were created to bar a return of the cutthroat economic nationalism that had prevailed before the war.…
Egypt: The Mubarak regime…to growing interference by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Egypt's economic policies; in 1991 the Egyptian government signed the Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Program with the IMF and the World Bank. The country's currency, the Egyptian pound, had to be devalued several times, interest rates were raised, and…
Ukraine: The crisis in Crimea and eastern Ukraine…Crimea, Yatsenyuk negotiated with the IMF to craft a bailout package that would address Ukraine's $35 billion in unmet financial obligations. He also met with EU officials in Brussels, and on March 21 Yatsenyuk signed a portion of the association pact that had been rejected by Yanukovych in November 2013.…
Greece: Greece's debt crisis…2010 the EU and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) came to the rescue with two massive loan packages for Greece.…
More About International Monetary Fund36 references found in Britannica articles
Assorted References
- major treatment
- Asian financial crisis
- Chiang Mai Agreement
- compensatory financing
- establishment
- fiscal crises
- governance theories and practice
- Group of 20
- In Group of 20


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Can you expand? I'm not very into politics but I'd like to understand
It came about thinking about the whole Edward Snowden debacle currently happening. Once he called foul on the NSA on wiretapping, suddenly Obama and to a greater extent the United States government have adapted this mentality towards whistle blowers(i.e. snitches)
That help?
Edit: added "That"
A subreddit for sharing those miniature epiphanies you have that highlight the oddities within the familiar.
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AIA Lecturer: Susan Rotroff
Ever since a 6th-grade ancient history class, Susan Rotroff has been fascinated by the Greeks and Romans. Latin was a favorite subject, and Rotroff's early efforts included composing a soulful folk ballad on the wanderings of Aeneas. She first put spade to earth (actually, it was a trowel) at the medieval site of Wharram Percy, in Yorkshire. After graduating from Bryn Mawr, a year at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens gave her a hands-on introduction to Greek archaeology. As a Princeton graduate student, she began in 1970 to work at the Agora excavations. In three seasons, she dug Turkish and Byzantine houses, a classical building, and the garbage dump of Athens' chief magistrates. She has published three volumes on the Agora's Hellenistic ceramics. Recently, Rotroff has worked in Turkey on an underwater survey at Kaledran and the excavation of a Roman ship at Kizilburun. Since 1995 she has been on the Classics Department faculty at Washington University in St. Louis. Professor Rotroff was the AIA's 2011/2012 Norton Lecturer.
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china/divide was a group blog launched March 1, 2010 by three China bloggers: Stan Abrams, Charles Custer, and Kai Pan. Less than three months later, on May 21st, china/divide was blocked by China's "Great Firewall", becoming inaccessible to readers in China without proxies or VPNs. Nearly five months later and after a total of 132 published posts, china/divide stopped publishing new posts and quietly retired.
Below are some of the most popular posts by each of the three original china/divide bloggers:
Kai Pan
Liu Xiaobo Wins Nobel Peace Prize, chinaSMACK SilentReactions from the Western media & Chinese government have been typical. While meaningful symbolically, it's unlikely to lead to any practical near-term change.198 comments
Red Dawn 2010: Just A Movie? Or America's Shame?Is the new 2010 remake of "Red Dawn" just a movie or more? Is it reckless propaganda and xenophobia? Is it part of the shameful face Americans show the world?196 comments
Response To How Egregious & Dangerous Western Media Bias IsSemi-intelligent musings on Western media bias like: "It's good to combat Western media bias. It's not so good when you emphasize 'Western' over 'media bias'."140 comments
As Christianity Booms, Is Religion Good for China?While some Chinese recognize the contributions Christian missionaries have brought to modernizing China, is the growth of religion a good or bad thing for China?129 comments
Do Chinese Cheer On American Misfortune, Fantasize Invading?With stories of Chinese classrooms cheering and taxi drivers laughing upon news of 9/11, do Chinese celebrate American misfortune, or fantasize invading the US?127 comments
Joe Amon: Vaccines, Melamine, Lead, and Chinese OfficialsSome thoughts and nitpicking on the recent WSJ opinion article "Chinese Corruption Is Hazardous to Your Health" by Joseph Amon, director at Human Rights Watch.111 comments
Daily Mail: China's Shameful Massacre of Unborn GirlsPeter Hitchens of the first British newspaper to sell more than a million copies a day does his best to shock and appall the UK's masses with prehistoric China.98 comments
Google Redirects! But Will The Chinese Government Block?!Google follows through on its threat to uncensor Google.cn, by shutting it down & redirecting users to Google.com.hk. Which does nothing for Chinese netizens.97 comments
Chinese Forwarding Photos Of Anti-China Protests In JapanChinese netizens are forwarding around these photos of "large-scale" anti-China demonstrations in Japan in response to the recent Diaoyu Islands collision.
Stan Abrams
Anniversaries, Apathy, and AnnoyanceAll of the sturm und drang surrounding the anniversary of Beijing's most famous modern political protest has made me cranky.106 comments
Google Does Evil: The Rise of Brain-Damaged PunditsThe Google/China dispute has dragged on too long. Non-stop commentary has spawned legions of brain-dead pundits roaming the streets and looking for media exposure.58 comments
Google's Hong Kong Gambit Is Public Relations VictoryGoogle.cn has been redirected to Google.com.hk. Although users are no better off than with self-censored content, Google is benefiting from great press coverage.55 comments
Philippines Hostage Standoff: Toning Down the RhetoricAs usual, a tragic event takes place, and certain individuals take that as some sort of an affront to them, their country, their race. More's the pity.54 comments
Dumb It Down A Little, Son. A Case Of Scholarly OverkillSometimes a cigar is just a cigar, and sometimes government policy is fairly straightforward. Here's a tale of a budding China scholar who went a bit too far.52 comments
Purifying the Chinese Language - the saga continuesWe are now into the second month of the war against the corruption of Chinese by English acronyms. Our war correspondent filed this update from the front lines.51 comments
Goat Meat, Loose Women, and the Imperfect China DialogueViews of, and from, China are fraught with misunderstandings, but neither harsh critics nor apologists facilitate constructive dialogue.48 comments
Is It Safe? Our Perpetual Assessment of China's FDI EnvironmentOf the big questions in life, "Will you marry me?" and "Is it a boy or a girl?" the most important to CEOs might be, "Is now a good time to invest in China?"48 comments
The Decline of Everything, and Why Innovation Won't Save UsIn the face of all the bad news out there, it's tough not to fall in with the nattering nabobs of negativism. Say hello to a reluctant new optimist.
Charles Custer
US Gives $1.5m to Falun Gong Group: A Terrible IdeaWhy it's a terrible idea for the US government to fight for internet freedom by giving $1.5m to a group affiliated with a cult the Chinese government hates.155 comments
Stupid Americans? Send Them to ChinaWhy are Americans so desperate to get students to China? Well, it might be because American students are, by and large, idiots.84 comments
Pornography Should be Legal in ChinaAn analysis of China's porn crackdown: a discussion of porn's effects on society and the advantages of supporting a government-regulated pornographic industry.76 comments
Serf Liberation Day, One Year InToday is Serf Liberation Day! But if a government-invented PR "holiday" falls in the forest, does anybody hear it?74 comments
Foreigner Stereotypes, Sex, and the First-Ever Foreigner Poll!Are you a foreigner? Come take the poll and help us determine if stereotypes about foreigners are true or not.67 comments
(Religious) Gay-Bashing Comes to ChinaChina's Christian Church wants to form a deeper connection with the anti-gay organization Anglican Global South. Does China really need more bigotry?61 comments
My Problem With Falun GongC. Custer explains his reservations and criticisms of the F*l*n G*ng as well as some of the organizations, publications, and actions associated with the group.48 comments
How Should China Treat North Korea?The China-North Korea relationship has always been a point of contention with the West, but what should China do about the DPRK's recent brazen aggressiveness?45 comments
Public Relations: Comparing China and the Dalai LamaThe Chinese government's international PR problems on the "Tibet issue": Not engaging the Western public & being too vague or black-and-white to be believable.
Below are some of the most popular posts by several china/divide guest contributors:
Damjan DeNoble
Kro's Nest, End of DaysFormer General Manager of Kro's Nest, a popular pizzeria chain in Beijing, details the escalating ownership battle between its American and Chinese partners.141 comments
"US Marines: the few, the proud, the 太牛逼了!"Both Chinese students and the US Military have become exceedingly good at propaganda, and at times they seem to be using the same playbook.43 comments
If China Flies Blind in the Information Economy...Is the argument for the sanctity of uncensored data in today's global economy a dismissal or a reaffirmation of a dominant, 21st century Chinese economy?
Kevin Slaten
PLA Modernization ≠ US-China WarA tired argument: China's growing military capabilities inevitably means a military confrontation with the US. And yet the argument is still heard time & again.81 comments
A War on "Westernization" in China"Westernization" is a meaningless word, & people need to stop using it. Here are three reasons why it's inaccurate and one reason why it is offending.66 comments
Radio Free Asia & The May 4th Anniversary Flash Mob ProtestsIs Radio Free Asia aiming to East Asian media's openly biased news outlet? If they could start covering dissent with integrity, it would do us all a service.
Bin Wang
Workin' For The (China)Man In DixieWhen bringing home the bacon means working for the Chinese, can Joe Main Street live it down? Some Americans chafe at the idea of Chinese companies in the US.83 comments
China's On-Going Experiment In GovernmentWith democracy stalled in America, the "Chinese Model" has looked pretty resilient recently. Isn't it time we withheld judgment and gave it a fair shake?76 comments
Chinese Soccer--An Allegory Of China's Status In The WorldDespite the growth, economics, & superb performances during the Olympics, China is a nation in love with soccer, & full of angst over its inability to compete.


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Cengage Learning has partnered with Echo360 to provide students with subscriptions to the latter's LectureTools. As a result of the partnership, students who buy a new Cengage textbook will get a free six-month subscription to the service.
Available via laptops, smartphones and tablets, LectureTools is designed to increase student engagement through polls, quizzes and the ability to ask questions anonymously without interrupting class.
"We are thrilled to partner with Echo360 and to introduce our customers to LectureTools," said Pam Snow, senior vice president and director of strategic customer partnerships at Cengage Learning, in a prepared statement. "Cengage Learning is committed to transforming learning with tailored technology solutions that accelerate student engagement and enhance the educational experience for both faculty and students. By teaming up with innovative partners, such as Echo360, we are building upon that commitment by enhancing our world-class content with cutting-edge digital solutions. LectureTools is an easy-to-use and effective product that will prove useful to all instructors, even those who have been reluctant to use digital teaching aids in the past."
For more information about Cengage Learning, visit cengage.com. Go to lecturetools.com to learn more about LectureTools.
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This is an article from security focus that deals with the recovery console issue that we've all seen debated here. It is a good read because it does point out how the media covers the security industry which, in my opinion, is comparable to the Salem witch hunts.
Have fun.


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PURCHASE, N.Y. — PepsiCo, Inc. (NYSE: PEP) today announced it is the exclusive food and beverage launch partner for iTunes Radio, Apple's new iAd-supported streaming radio service which went live today with iOS 7. On iTunes Radio, PepsiCo will deliver custom experiences across PepsiCo brands, as well as branded channels within iTunes Radio, reaching millions of consumers on their iPhone, iPad, iPod touch, Apple TV, Mac or PC. These innovative experiences will be a vehicle to foster discovery of new global artists and highlight connections between music and other pillars of pop culture such as sports.
"PepsiCo has consistently leveraged music as a growth driver for our brands. We believe that today's music eco-system allows our brands to play a more active role in supporting artists and engaging music fans," said Frank Cooper, Chief Marketing Officer, Global Consumer Engagement, PepsiCo Global Beverages Group. "As Apple continues as the leader of digital music and iTunes Radio instantly becomes a key player in the streaming music space, we view this relationship as an integral part of PepsiCo's global strategy to provide fans with unique access to the world's most iconic music artists, as well as a major stage for rising stars within our music portfolio."
PepsiCo will have the only branded channels on iTunes Radio at launch and plans to integrate multiple food and beverage brands from its portfolio. Pepsi will be the first PepsiCo brand to debut with Pepsi "Pulse #Now." The channel features four stations dedicated to Pop, Country, Latin and Electronic Dance Music and will be promoted on iTunesRadio.com/pepsi. Additional brand channels will follow later this year, enabling PepsiCo to drive fan engagement with artists and musical genres across its global brands.
Moreover, PepsiCo will leverage its massive global scale and footprint to introduce globally relevant and emerging artists to the U.S. audience through iTunes Radio. This year, PepsiCo has provided unparalleled global exposure and promotional muscle to emerging artists such as Eva Simons (Netherlands), Momo Wu (China), 3BallMNTY (Mexico), Wally Lopez (Spain) and Jasmine Villegas (US) and plans to extend promotional plans via iTunes Radio. In addition, PepsiCo supports emerging artists around the world through partnerships with record labels, award shows and trade organizations such as the GRAMMY® Awards and the Country Music Association, as well as televised competitions such as The X Factor, Arab Idol and The Voice China. The Pepsi Super Bowl Halftime Show is the most-watched musical event of the year. More than 110.5 million viewers in the U.S. tuned in to last year's show featuring Beyonce. Earlier this month, Pepsi and the NFL announced Bruno Mars as the headliner of the Pepsi Super Bowl XLVIII Super Bowl Halftime Show.
While iTunes Radio at launch is available only in the U.S., PepsiCo will have significant added global reach through iAd's App Network, which will run ads across multiple territories in the world.
About PepsiCo
PepsiCo is a global food and beverage leader with net revenues of more than $65 billion and a product portfolio that includes 22 brands that generate more than $1 billion each in annual retail sales. Our main businesses – Quaker, Tropicana, Gatorade, Frito-Lay and Pepsi-Cola – make hundreds of enjoyable foods and beverages that are loved throughout the world. PepsiCo's people are united by our unique commitment to sustainable growth by investing in a healthier future for people and our planet, which we believe also means a more successful future for PepsiCo. We call this commitment Performance with Purpose: PepsiCo's promise to provide a wide range of foods and beverages from treats to healthy eats; to find innovative ways to minimize our impact on the environment by conserving energy and water and reducing packaging volume; to provide a great workplace for our associates; and to respect, support and invest in the local communities where we operate. For more information, please visit www.pepsico.com.


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Prior research into the field of smart homes, — residences that apply technology to interconnect systems (security, lighting, sensors, heating, air-conditioning, and audio-video) to improve the building environment and functionality while controlling costs — has revealed that consumers want comprehensive connected home systems. To further this research, 10 companies in the systems automation industry recently joined forces to help research the status of the smart home. Under the auspices of Ottawa-based Continental Automated Buildings Association (CABA) Internet Home Alliance Research Council, Whirlpool Corp., Bell Canada, Cisco, Direct Energy, HP, Legrand, Leviton, Microsoft, Procter & Gamble, Z-Wave Alliance, and Zensys enlisted Portland, Ore.-based Zanthus, a market research-based consulting firm that serves high-tech companies, to conduct a series of Web surveys to compile the full report, "The 2008 State of the Connected Home Market Study."
"These companies could certainly conduct this type of research independently, but they recognize that collaboration and conversation are particularly important in this space," says Ron Zimmer, president and CEO of CABA.
The participants, both primary market consumers — those who adopt technology as products first come on the market, and mass market consumers who wait for prices to fall or to assess a product's popularity before making new technology purchases — were asked about the connected home solutions they own currently, their immediate and long-term home technology wants and needs, their home technology product and service purchasing habits and intentions, and their preferred channels for making and installing smart home technology. The study will also gauge the size of the "chasm" between the two consumer groups in terms of technology adoption.
In addition to evaluating general consumer understanding of the connected home, the study will assess potential products and services and provide trend lines in specific application areas, including music, video, gaming, lighting, temperature control, security, communications/scheduling, health/fitness, and productivity. Some of the potential applications that will be tested include:
Remote lighting control
A homeowner can adjust the home's lighting remotely, allowing travelers to give the home a "lived-in" feel.
Remote temperature control
The home's temperature can be controlled remotely, allowing the homeowner to save on energy costs by adjusting the home's temperature according to changing weather conditions.
Remote video monitoring
Multiple rooms in a home can be monitored via the Internet from anywhere in the world.
The full report is expected to be released to the public in January 2009. For more information about the alliance, visit www.caba.org/iha.


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It seems that having a laptop stamped with an Italian sports car brand is the in-thing these days. Acer has been hanging around the pit-lane with Ferrari, and Asus has teamed up with Lamborghini to create the VX1. It comes in a choice of black or yellow trim - Lamborghini's corporate colors - although there's more to the VX1 than a cool paint job...
Acer's other team loyalty is AMD, so it's perhaps no surprise Asus has gone with Intel. The VX1 is a Centrino laptop. My review model came with a Core Duo T2500 processor clocked at 2GHz, although models with a Core 2 Duo processor will be available soon, Asus tells me. The chipset is the Intel 945PM, so there's no integrated graphics. Asus has gone for the Nvidia GeForce Go 7400 VX with 512MB of Turbo Cache, which is a souped up version of the GeForce Go 7400 but still far from a suitable solution for gaming on the move. This is rather disappointing considering the Lamborghini badge, and one would think that Asus would've fitted a more powerful graphics chip into the VX1.
The review model also came with 2GB of DDR 2 memory - which is more in line with what you would expect from a top of the range laptop - and a 160GB IDE hard drive. It's disappointing (again) that Asus hasn't gone for SATA here - the machine's chipset supports it - as this is quickly becoming the norm on new notebooks. The optical drive is a super-multi DVD writer which handles all the common formats and DVD-RAM. It's not the fastest drive out there and it's not, alas, a slot-load unit.
The optical drive is mounted on the left-hand side of the chassis alongside an ExpressCard 54 bay, a four-pin FireWire connector, an infra-red receiver and a standard VGA connector. There's no DVI or HDMI connector, which again is a shame on a machine so clearly targeting the performance end of the notebook market.
The right-hand side is home to four USB 2.0 ports spread out along the length of the laptop; a multi-format memory card reader that accepts SD, MMC and various Memory Stick formats; a headphone and microphone socket, with optical S/PDIF output inside the latter; and finally a 56Kbps modem and a Gigabit Ethernet connector.
The VX1 ships with a carbon fibre-look laptop bag as well as a Lamborghini branded zip-up carrying pouch. This is a nice bonus, but again doesn't make up for the shortcomings.


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As victim's injuries heal, top charges against bikers in NY SUV assault likely to be reduced
NEW YORK – Top charges are likely to be reduced against an off-duty undercover NYPD officer and nine other bikers charged in the highway beating of a SUV driver.
A prosecutor told a state Supreme Court judge in Manhattan Friday he'd move to lessen the first-degree assault and gang assault charges because the victim's injuries were healing. Those charges require permanent disfigurement.
Assistant District Attorney Joshua Steinglass says the bikers will instead likely face attempted assault and attempted gang assault charges. That means the men could face up to 15 years in prison instead of 25.
Eleven men were indicted in the Sept. 29 attack on a Manhattan highway. The driver was beaten and received stiches. He wasn't charged.
Prosecutors also offered plea deals Friday. None of the offers were immediately accepted.


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Consistent with Jesuit tradition
The College of Education programs at Marquette University prepare teachers, school counselors, counseling psychologists, community counselors and administrators to demonstrate a commitment to social justice through their work. This commitment is expressed first through our undergraduate and graduate students becoming excellent professionals who exhibit a deep knowledge and understanding of their disciplines as well as how children, adolescents, and adults learn and develop. The commitment is further realized as students master the requisite skills of their profession.
Taken together, their knowledge and skill enable Marquette students to be effective communicators whose pedagogy, administration, counseling practice, or professional psychology meets the intellectual, social, emotional, cultural, and physical needs of those they aspire to help. In effect, their practice takes the form of planning, instruction or intervention, assessment, and the shaping of learning environments, all done with the race, social class, gender, ethnicity, and ability of their students or clients in mind.
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Marquette students also exhibit dispositions that support lifelong learning and an appreciation for research and professional growth. They continually reflect on their practice and role in society, as well as attempt to enhance the learning and general well being of those they serve. In all of these endeavors, they grow in their engagement with critical analysis and advocacy around structural inequities in society and in education.
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All College of Education programs foster personal and professional excellence, the promotion of a life of faith and the development of leadership expressed in service to others. Respectful of these underpinnings, our learning community values the balancing of theory, research, and practice and emphasizes active engagement, critical thinking, and social critique. Our students develop strongly held ideals of care, respect, and advocacy for the well-being of all humankind under the guidance of faculty who are exceptional teachers and mentors, prominent scholars, and exemplary models of service. Our faculty members aim to nurture the transformation of students into individuals who will grow continuously in their application of the ideals of social justice -- in the practice of their profession, in their personal and collective involvement in society, and in their interactions and relationships with students, parents and guardians, clients, families, colleagues, school personnel, and community partners.