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The University requires that all students take a minimum of 40 credits of Areas of Knowledge courses, with at least 10 credits in each of three Areas: Visual, Literary, and Performing Arts (VLPA); Individuals and Societies (I&S); and The Natural World (NW). Each school and college of the University has established requirements that meet or exceed these minimum requirements. Check General Education Requirements of UW's Schools and Colleges to find out the requirements for your major.
For example, majors in the College of Arts and Sciences must complete at least 20 credits in each of the three Areas, plus 15 additional credits from any of the Areas, while majors in the College of Engineering must complete 24-30 credits between I&S and VLPA and 50+ credits in NW.
Courses in this Area focus on the history, interpretation, criticism, and practice of the arts. The requirement is meant to help you develop a personal appreciation of the creative process. Examples of departments that offer such courses include art history, classics, dance, drama, English, music, and foreign languages. Most speech courses also count in this Area.
Visual, Literary, and Performing Arts courses are marked in the Course Descriptions and the Time Schedule as "VLPA."
This Area includes a wide variety of options for the study of human beings and societies. Courses focus on the history, development, and dynamics of human behavior, as well as social and cultural institutions and practices. Departments that offer such courses include American ethnic studies, anthropology, economics, geography, international studies, political science, psychology, sociology, and women studies. I&S includes, from departments such as history, philosophy, and religion, courses traditionally grouped with "humanities" at other colleges.
Individuals and Societies courses are marked in the Course Descriptions and the Time Schedule as "I&S."
Courses in this Area focus on the disciplined, scientific study of the natural world. The Area can be divided into three broad categories: the mathematical sciences, the physical sciences, and the biological sciences. Departments that offer such courses include astronomy, biology, chemistry, fisheries, forest resources, geology, mathematics, and oceanography.
Natural World courses are marked in the Course Descriptions and the Time Schedule as "NW."
Any passing grades (0.7 and above) are acceptable. Courses may not be taken on the satisfactory/not satisfactory (S/NS) grading option.
Except for AP credit in English composition, most credit granted from College Board Advanced Placement examinations and International Baccalaureate can be counted toward Areas of Knowledge. If you have AP or IB scores, check out the AP credit and IB credit tables.
Most transfer courses in fields related to Arts and Sciences will count toward Areas of Knowledge. Transfer courses that will not count toward Areas of Knowledge include most business, engineering, and technical courses; physical education courses; and English composition courses.
Many courses that transfer as X-credit (e.g., HIST 1XX) will be assigned to the appropriate Area of Knowledge automatically, based on the department. However, some departments (e.g., PSYCH) have courses that fall in different Areas and so must be evaluated by an adviser, who will determine in which Area(s) each course falls.
Although UW courses taken S/NS cannot be counted toward Areas of Knowledge, transfer courses taken on a pass-fail basis before you first enter the UW can be counted toward Areas of Knowledge.
You can check the course equivalency tables to determine which courses from Washington community colleges count toward the UW's Areas of Knowledge requirement; they are marked in the lists as VLPA, I&S, or NW.
A student who has a transfer associate's degree from a Washington community college is allowed to count transferred courses toward the Areas of Knowledge requirement in the category the community college counted the courses. The courses most often affected are history and philosophy courses. A student who has a transfer AA and transfer courses in history or philosophy should visit The Transfer Associate Degree Agreement and Counting History and Philosophy Courses from Washington Community Colleges toward UW's Areas of Knowledge Requirement.
For more information, please visit our Advising page.


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Planning to major in a modern language?Explore our Lowry Ambassador Scholarship to support the study abroad experience requirement.
Studying another world language serves as a gateway to other peoples and cultures. The rewards and possibilities available to people who are proficient in more than one language and sensitive to other cultures are endless and exciting. At Lycoming College we offer a wide variety of courses in French, German, and Spanish which enable students to expand their current skills and take on new challenges in our increasingly global community. Professionals who know other languages are able to travel and exchange information around the corner and around the world.
Over the years, our students have recognized that through language proficiency and the study of literature, culture and film, they gain a deeper understanding of other societies and traditions as well as clearer insight into their own society. Our students benefit from small classes, tutors, native-speaking teaching assistants from around the world, and a supportive faculty who serve as teachers, advisors, and mentors.
Modern technology enhances language study at Lycoming. Our language laboratory is designed as a video theater in which satellite television brings foreign culture directly to students. Resources include software tutorials, multimedia instruction, and access to online foreign language materials.
Are you interested in learning more about what Lycoming has to offer?

subset: commoncrawl


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Legal Victory Erases Contribution Limits to Political Candidates in Montana
As of a ruling on October 3, there are no contribution limits for political candidates in Montana.
The case, known as Doug Lair et al, vs Steve Bullock et al, was decided today in the U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit by Judge James Lovell.
According to plaintiff's attorney James Brown, the ruling strikes down "individual contribution limits, PAC contribution limits and aggregate contribution limits that political parties can give to their own candidates."
Before today, Montana had one of the lowest contribution limits in the nation. For state legislature and P.S.C candidates the individual contribution limit was fixed at $160.
The plaintiff argued that the low contribution limits "were unconstitutional such that the made it difficult for candidates in Montana to mount effective campaigns."candidates to
Discussion with Attorney James Brown:
Brown says that the ruling will likely provide a narrow window for campaign donations though, as he expects that Attorney General Steve Bullock "will file a request to the court to stay his decision pending an appeal to the 9th Circuit Court of appeals.
If the judge grants such a request, campaign limits will be reinforced until the case is decided by a higher court.
Brown says that the campaign contribution situation Montana is currently going through is not unprecedented, citing the striking down of Vermont's contribution limits in 2006.
The ruling does nothing to Montana's disclosure laws and all donations will have to be reported as usual. Brown says that the legislature will have the ability and most likely will set higher donation caps in the next session.
At present the only contribution limit that is left is there is still an aggregate limit that political action committees can give.


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All sales are final (No returns)
Twilight Ghost Tour
7 - 9pm
Enjoy a leisurely 1 1/2 hour stroll through Historic Downtown Sainte Genevieve.
See some of the most active homes and buildings laid out in a mostly level
route through the streets and sidewalks with easy access for all.
Tickets are Adults - $20, Seniors 62+ $17
$12 - Child 6-12 (5 & under is free)
$17 - Students 13 & over and college students
Students and Seniors please show ID at the door.
Arrive 15 minutes before your tour starts.
Come early and check out our host's shop
Rustik Sand Kandles or dine at one of the local restaurants.
We tour in rain or shine. In the event your tour is cancelled do to
severe weather it will be posted on our Website and Facebook page.
Contact us to reschedule your tour or refund your tickets.
Ticketing fees are applied for card processing online and at the door.
Cash at the door has no fee applied.
Tickets can also be purchased at Rustik Sand Kandles
during their regular business hours.
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Sign in or sign up, so you can manage and print your tickets at any time.
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I was asked by a magazine interviewer recently why I thought some vintage names come back and others don't. Why Cora and Flora and not Dora? Why Edward and not Edwin? All of which got me thinking about the influences that do propel names out of the attic and into the spotlight.
The most obvious and evident of these is the celebrity factor in all its manifestations. The names of celebrities and their offspring as well as the characters they play.
Some examples:
Scarlett — Yes, the name of Scarlett was used by a handful of parents following the publication of "Gone With the Wind," but it wasn't until Scarlett Johansson burst on the scene that it really took off,...


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Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
Gerrard confident in Reds' bottle
Liverpool captain Steven Gerrard insists they have the bottle to close out a top-four place this season.
Sunday's 5-3 win at Stoke, their first league success there in nearly 30 years, returned the Reds to fourth place after results for their rivals saw them slip down to sixth 24 hours earlier.
The performance was not without hiccups, however, as the visitors squandered a 2-0 lead and gave themselves a few more nervy moments after conceding again to make it 4-3.
But Gerrard believes the character shown at the Britannia Stadium proves they will not fade away as the competition for Champions League qualification heats up.
"If we'd gone 2-0 up there a few years back we'd have probably lost the game 3-2 after letting Stoke back into it," said the midfielder.
"The manager asked us at half-time if we had the character and bottle to go and win the game and we went and proved we can.
"I was wondering whether our character was going to come through and whether we could turn it back around again.
"We showed that and we went on to win the game emphatically.
"It goes to show how much we've improved and we have a bit more steel in the team.
"Results went against us on Saturday and that added to the pressure going to Stoke.
"I think everyone was looking for us to slip up, looking at Stoke's home form and people questioning our strength away from home, but I think we have proved to everyone we are right up for this fight for the top four.
"We feel as if away from home we can click and get that consistency and we can add that to our home form we are confident we can get what we want, which is top four."
Striker Daniel Sturridge's comeback from an ankle sprain after seven weeks has provided Liverpool with further ammunition alongside the top-flight's leading scorer Luis Suarez.
"He (Sturridge) is a top player with huge potential and he can be whatever he wants to be," said Gerrard.
"He can become a world-class player and it is all about Daniel now - does he want to go and grab it?
"But he looked sharp when he came on and hopefully he can stay fit until the end of the season because with Suarez and Sturridge we are going to score many, many goals."
While the return from injury of Sturridge, who came off the bench to score, was significant, the form of youngster Raheem Sterling was also instrumental.
Theo Walcott's injury has opened up a place in Roy Hodgson's World Cup squad and Gerrard believes the 19-year-old would be an ideal fit.
"It's very disappointing for Theo with his injury but I'm sure Roy Hodgson is looking out for who is going to replace him and I think Raheem's performances of late have been sensational," said the England captain.
"There are many candidates: Aaron Lennon is playing well, Andros Townsend, (Alex) Oxlade-Chamberlain is back, but if you are looking at like-for-like pace down the wing who can score and create then Raheem has a fantastic chance.
"I said to him after the game 'If you keep that level of performance then you will make it very difficult for Roy not to take you' and he listened.
"Hopefully he can build on the confidence from his recent performances and finish the season really strongly.
"The one thing you don't want to play against as a full-back is pace and pace coming at you all the time and he is a lad who will be relentless, even if he makes a mistake he will keep going.
"He is a team player and everyone knows Roy Hodgson, he likes a wide player who can defend.
"He has everything going for him, now it is just up to him to be consistent."


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Old Post Road, Red Hook, New York 12571
(845) 758-5818
Grand Dutchess Bed and Breakfast, located in Northern Dutchess
County, is only 5 minutes from Bard College, Fisher Center for
the Performing Arts and Rhinebeck, New York. The Grand Dutchess
boasts the perfect setting for your leisurely or romantic getaway,
small meetings, corporate retreats, and other gatherings. The
breathtaking backdrop of the magnificent Hudson River Valley,
the relaxing atmosphere and our attention to detail offers the
perfect setting for your special occasion. So if you're visiting
Bard College, Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, Ulster County or Kingston,
consider a stay here at The Grand Dutchess.
Valley Mansions, Antiquing, Historic Hyde Park, New York, Rhinebeck
shopping, Hudson River Cruises, Bard College, Woodstock, New York,
The Culinary Institute of America, and the Omega Institute are
all within minutes. Other popular area attractions include numerous
historic sites, the Dutchess County wineries, hiking, golf and
the beauty of the Catskill Mountains. Experience the serenity
of the mountains, the Hudson River and the awesome Hudson Valley!
Valley Lodging
County Tourism
The Grand Dutchess
Poughkeepsie Journal Website


text: I've received today the information about availability of new version of e1000 driver for Intel Pro/1000T NICs. Taking into account that upgrade from more old to previous version of e1000 was very important for our cluster based on Athlon Tyan S2460 nodes (w/o this upgrade netperf tests simple hang-up connection after a series of packets droppings and overruns; but the problems remain on dual PIII Tualatin Tyan mobos), this information may be interesting also for subscribers of Beowulf mail list. According to issuppor at mailbox.cps.intel.com > From issuppor at mailbox.cps.intel.com Wed Mar 27 07:12:41 2002 > Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2002 04:12:37 GMT > Subject: RE: Re: Re: Re: Re: e1000-4.0.7 installation > From: issuppor at mailbox.cps.intel.com > Reply-To: "joseph m" <issuppor at mailbox.cps.intel.com> > To: kus at free.net > > We just released version 4.1.7 of the driver. There have been a few performance cleanups that should speed up the driver. > > http://support.intel.com/support/go/linux/e1000.htm > Mikhail Kuzminsky Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Moscow


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Aberdeen Cocktail Making & Meal Office Christmas Party
What's Included
- Welcome drink on arrival
- Professionally trained cocktail mixologist
- City centre venues
- Exclusive just for your group (you won't be sharing with other groups)
- Use of bar tools & balancing taste
- Demo cocktails and tasting
- Make & drink 2-3 cocktails per person
- All guests are involved in making cocktails
- Learn to shake, muddle and strain cocktails
- Mocktails – non-alcoholic drinks are available
- Followed by 2 course meal
A cocktail making class and a meal is the perfect Aberdeen office Christmas party idea by incorporating a fun activity with a meal afterwards. Learn how to mix, shake and muddle your way through a variety of cocktails.
Our Aberdeen cocktail making & meal office Christmas Party activity is a fun an interactive session offering the perfect opportunity for team building, networking or rewarding colleagues. Everyone will have a great time and we can offer non-alcoholic cocktails as well if required. Plus after the cocktail making class continue the party with a 2 or 3 course meal.
Sample Menu (Please note; menus are seasonal, and also may differ in different locations)
- Cumberland Sausages and Mash - with roasted red onions and a rich red wine gravy.
- Half Glazed BBQ Rack of Ribs - with salted fries and Asian slaw.
- Classic Caesar Salad - with crisp cos lettuce, croutons, shaved Grano Padano, anchovies and Caesar dressing.
- Chick Pea and Spinach Curry - with steamed rice and naan bread.
- British Beef Burger 6oz - British beef burger in a toasted brioche bun, with fries.
- Classic Chicken Burger - Chargrilled chicken breast in a toasted brioche bun, with fries.
Hot Chocolate Brownie with vanilla ice cream.
- Sticky Toffee Pudding with toffee sauce and vanilla ice cream.
- Caramelised Banana Waffles with caramel sauce and a vanilla ice cream.
There are no reviews yet.


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This week's writers are State Sens. Kevin Mullin and Peg Flory, both of whom are Republicans representing Rutland County.
The Vermont way is for neighbors to help neighbors and communities to come together to solve challenges. Energy infrastructure, like natural gas service, is one of the most important areas for Vermonters to collaborate.


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Follow us
It's Day 2 of the Bakin' With the Boss book tour, and Buddy Valastro is in Norfolk, Virginia, to greet fans, sign autographs and hit the big stage.
UP NEXTBakin' with the Boss: Tour Day 2, Norfolk
UP NEXTBakin' with the Boss: Buddy's Tour Kicks Off
UP NEXTBakin' with the Boss: Buddy's Surprise Visit
UP NEXTBakin' with the Boss: A Louisville Slugger
UP NEXTBakin' with the Boss: Cake Boss for a Day
UP NEXTCake Boss: Boys' Spa Day
UP NEXTCake Boss: Lisa and Buddy's Clashing Wedding Themes
UP NEXTCake Boss: Adults' Night Out
UP NEXTCake Boss: Danica Patrick
UP NEXTCake Boss: Vampires
UP NEXTCake Boss: Picking the Right Flowers
UP NEXTCake Boss: I Adore You!
UP NEXTCake Boss: Hot Dog Prank
Bakin' with the Boss: Cake Boss for a Day
Find out what it's like to be the Cake Boss for a day.
Cake Boss: Freezer Burn
The guys teach Buddy Castrano a little lesson in work ethic after he tries to get out of cleaning duties. Let's just say cooler heads prevail.
DC Cupcakes: A Cupcake Wedding Dress
Katherine wants to look like a cupcake on her wedding day, but Mommy likes a sheer, sexy dress. Will Katherine find the right gown?
Cake Boss: Mauro Faces His Fear
In this exclusive clip, Mauro is forced to face one of his fears.
Cake Boss: Jurassic Cake
Why did the dinosaur-cake cross the road? Well... maybe "how" is a better question.
Cake Boss: Ladies at the Spa
Lisa and the rest of the ladies get pampered and ready for the vow renewal ceremony.
Cake Boss: Boys' Spa Day
Watch exclusive footage of Buddy Valastro and his brother-in-laws as they get pedicures while onboard the Disney Cruise Line.
Cake Boss: Danica Patrick
Famous American auto racing driver Danica Patrick pops into Carlo's to help Buddy bake.
Cake Boss: Family Fishing
Buddy and all the boys head down to the river for some male-bonding: hooking their lines, casting them out, reeling them in, and, of course... worm-kissing?
Cake Boss: Hot Dog Prank
Let the games begin when Buddy has free time at the charcoal grill. Mauricio has no idea what Buddy and co. have in store when he comes outside for a hot dog.
DC Cupcakes: Greek Pumpkin Phyllo Triangles
Katherine and Sophie share one of their Thanksgiving recipes: Mommy's famous pumpkin triangles. This quick video will show you how to share these delicious snacks with your family this holiday.
Bakin' with the Boss: Buddy's Surprise Visit
While on tour in North Carolina, Buddy stops by one of the best cupcake shops in Raleigh.
Cake Boss: Lisa and Buddy's Clashing Wedding Themes
Don't miss an exclusive look as Buddy and Lisa compromise on their second wedding theme.
Cake Boss: Picking the Right Flowers
Buddy and Lisa have different ideas of what the flowers should look like for their vow renewal ceremony.
Cake Boss: I Adore You!
During lunch aboard the Disney Cruise, Buddy and family receive a special message from an unexpected guest.
Cake Boss: Adults' Night Out
Buddy, Lisa and the rest of the Cake Boss adult family sneak out for a special dinner party.
Cake Boss: Vampires
Buddy is in for one shocking Halloween as he delivers a cake to a bunch of vampires located in a cemetery.
Bakin' with the Boss: A Louisville Slugger
Buddy and his crew spend their day in Kentucky meeting fans, betting at the track, and getting a very special Louisville gift.


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Family ASTRO: History and Evolution
Family ASTRO was initially developed to expand the ASPs flagship program Project ASTRO, which has partnered thousands of volunteer amateur and professional astronomers around the country with classroom teachers and students in their communities. We soon discovered with Project ASTRO that there was tremendous interest in what the astronomers and their educator partners were doing in the classroom among the families of their students.
In 2000, we received pilot funding from the Informal Science Education Division of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to develop a strategy and materials to bring astronomy in a more systematic way to families in the same communities where Project ASTRO already operates. We told NSF, "We wanted to get families away from watching Hollywood stars and outside to follow the real ones!"
Since then, weve trained not only many Project ASTRO partners, but also hundreds of other educators across the country to use our series of Leader Kits and Take-Home Activities to lead fun, hands-on Astronomy Events in their communities. Through these educators, which include classroom teachers, homeschool teachers, amateur and professional astronomers, volunteer college students, science center and museum staff, librarians, afterschool providers, park and recreation staff, and youth group leaders (e.g., boys and girls clubs, Girl and Boy Scouts, etc.), thousands of children and adults have participated to date in one or more Family ASTRO events.
Family ASTRO is now available to anyone who wants to expand and/or share his or her knowledge of the universe. Educators of all backgrounds can click here to learn about getting involved and acquiring our series of Leader Kits. Each Leader Kit includes a "Leader Guide" full of activities (with detailed instructions, suggested agendas, and background information) and access to online resources (including training videos for those with high-speed internet access).
For those educators looking for more intensive Family ASTRO training, the Regional Sites of our National Network offer hands-on Event Leader training workshops. Click here to see if there is a site near you.
Finally, our Take-Home Activities (games and kits) are available to anyone who wants to have fun at home with family and friends and learn some astronomy at the same time. So, whether you want to spend some quality time under the stars, play a cooperative board game while learning about the Moon, test your knowledge of the Solar System, or hold a "deep space" night of cards, we think youll find a Family ASTRO game or kit that suits your cosmic mood. Click here to find out more about these activities and how to order them.


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IHOP at Home Syrups for Restaurant Aficionados
Glendale, Calif.-based International House of Pancakes (IHOP) launches IHOP at Home Syrups, a full line of syrups featuring Original, Lite, Sugar Free, and signature Rooty Tooty Fresh 'N Fruity Strawberry, and Rooty Tooty Fresh 'N Fruity Blueberry varieties, and they are available at retail only through Sorbee International LLC, which holds the licensing rights to produce and distribute IHOP at Home Syrups.
"The launch of our new IHOP at Home Syrups marks another phase in our strategy to further bring IHOP awareness to consumers," says Natalia Franco, IHOP's senior vice president, marketing. "The best way to experience IHOP is at one of our restaurants; with our new IHOP at Home Syrups, we're bringing our unique flavors to guests who wish to enjoy the IHOP experience in between their visits to our restaurants."
Suggested retail price for the Original, Lite and Sugar Free varieties (24 oz bottle) is $3.99, and Rooty Tooty Fresh 'N Fruity Strawberry and Rooty Tooty Fresh 'N Fruity Blueberry varieties (12 oz bottle) is $2.99.


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A look at the Marlins' four National League East rivals entering spring training, including key players each club acquired and lost:
Washington Nationals
Manager: Dusty Baker (second season).
2016: 95-67, first place, lost to Dodgers in NLDS.
Training Town: West Palm Beach.
Park: The Ballpark of the Palm Beaches.
First Workout: Feb. 16 pitchers and catchers/ Feb. 19 full squad.
He's Here: CF Adam Eaton, C Derek Norris, LHP Enny Romero.
He's Outta Here: RHP Mark Melancon, C Wilson Ramos, INF Danny...


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Tradition – Innovation – Perfection: A risk-free decision
Woodworking machines from the FELDER-GROUP are the result of the 50 years experience in machine construction and a desire to improve even further.
Machine construction and metal processing have been tradition in the Felder family for generations.Our woodworking machines are 100% developed and produced at the Felder Group factories in Hall in Tyrol. The areas of research and development, production techniques and assembly, marketing, advertising, sales and service, as well as apprentice training and schooling are traditionally the most important pillars of our international enterprise.
With many patents, highly developed products and innovative detailed solutions, the Felder group is the leading provider world wide in the standard wood working machinery sector.We know what you expect from woodworking machinery and are always ready for a further challenge to create new innovative product solutions.
Products from Felder stand for first class quality and the best price performance ratio!Our precise production process, strict quality, safety insurance and also the constant training and further education of our employees, ensure that you as a customer and user can expect a woodworking machine with outstanding quality and many, many years of precision.
A risk-free decision
Woodworking machinery from the Felder group is custom made to meet your exact requirements.
Performance, precision, versatility, optimum user-friendliness and processing, best describe the performance that you can expect from our woodworking machinery.


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April 16, 2018
The Lucky Backpack worldwide community has proudly announced that they have successfully launched a unique and revolutionary travel backpack for travelers around the world. With several great features and benefits, this amazing backpack is like nothing else ever seen in the market before. It does not only have an amazing amount of storage, but also features a support system for a weightless feel to remove back pain, an exterior built to last years, carry-on opening functionality, water-resistant fabric, USB charger, waist straps, stash pocket, padded laptop compartment, compartment to store dirty clothes or shoes and pockets on the interior for essentials and toiletries.
"The Lucky Backpack is a tech-enabled backpack that fits as a personal item on all airlines around the world". Said the founder of Lucky Backpack while introducing the backpack to the world". "This backpack has been designed over the past 3 years with the help of thousands of travelers with the primary aim of creating a unique product that solves major travel pain points and has a competitive advantage in areas ranging from functionality, capacity and price". Founder Edgar Alza added.
In addition, as part of the Lucky Backpack campaign, a travel contest has been organized which will see one of the backers of this campaign win a cash prize of $1,500USD to travel around the world. Backers are enjoined to look out for a golden ticket in the backpack for the lucky winner to travel. The contest will reward travelers that share the campaign with their travel friends increasing their chances of winning and even earning free product.
The backpack will not only prove itself useful to the users but will reshape the way people travel with such a great deal of convenience anywhere they go. Furthermore, the pack can be obtained by making a pledge on the IndieGoGo campaign of The Lucky Backpack and it will be offered with worldwide shipping with free shipping in the US.
Make your mark on the world – visit the project on IndieGoGo:
Information contained on this page is provided by an independent third-party content provider. This Site make no warranties or representations in connection therewith. If you are affiliated with this page and would like it removed please contact support [at] perpetualwire.com.


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Police: Oregon driver of pickup dangling off bridge had 6 times legal limit of booze in system
BEAVERTON, Ore. – Police say a driver whose truck crashed through an overpass guard rail and dangled above a busy Oregon highway for nearly an hour had six times the legal limit of alcohol in his system.
Firefighters using a ladder and basket plucked 38-year-old Matthew Alan Hamilton, of Beaverton, from the truck above Highway 217 on Saturday afternoon.
Authorities say he had a blood alcohol content of 0.50 percent, more than six times the 0.08 percent limit in Oregon.
Beaverton police say Hamilton had been drinking at a friend's house during the Civil War football game between the University of Oregon and Oregon State University.
He was charged with drunken driving and driving while his license was suspended from a previous drunken driving charge and was to appear in court Monday.


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Nginx and why you should be running it instead of, or at least in front of Apache
After 9 years of development, Nginx hit a milestone release this week when version 1.0.0 was released (on 12th April 2011). Despite only now reaching a 1.0 release, it is already in widespread use, powering a lot of high traffic websites and CDN's and is very popular with developers in particular. With such a milestone release though, I thought it a good opportunity to get motivated and do some posts on it here.
Nginx (pronounced "engine-x") is a free, open-source, high-performance HTTP server (aka web server) and reverse proxy, as well as an IMAP/POP3 proxy server. Igor Sysoev started development of Nginx in 2002, with the first public release in 2004.
Nginx is known for its high performance, stability, rich feature set, simple configuration, and low resource consumption. It is built specifically to be able handle more than 10,000 request/sec and do so using minimal server resources. It does this by using a non-blocking event based model.
In this article, i'm going to look at the problems with Apache and explain why you would want to use Nginx. In a subsequent article, i'm going to explain how to install and configure Nginx.
The most popular web server, Apache powers around 60% of the world's web sites. I've been using Apache for around 10 years but more recently have been using Nginx. Due to it's widespread use, Apache is well used, well understood and reliable. However, it does have some problems when we are dealing with high traffic websites. A lot of these problems center around the fact that it uses a blocking process based architecture.
The typical setup for serving PHP based websites in a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP) environment uses the Prefork MPM and mod_php. The way this works is to have the PHP binary (and any other active Apache modules) embedded directly into the Apache process. This gives very little overhead and means Apache can talk to PHP very fast but also results in each Apache process consuming between 20MB and 50MB of RAM. The problem with this is that once a process is dealing with a request, it can not be used to serve another request so to be able to able to handle multiple simultaneous requests (and remember that even a single person visiting a web page will generate multiple requests because the page will almost certainly contain images, stylesheets and javascript files which all need to be downloaded before the page can render), Apache spawns a new child process for each simultaneous request it is handling. Because the PHP binary is always embedded (to keep the cost of spawning processes to a minimum), each of these processes takes the full 20MB-50MB of RAM, even if it is only serving static files so you can see how a server can quickly run out of memory.
With Nginx's event based processing model, each request triggers events to a process and the process can handle multiple events in parallel. What this means is that Nginx can handle many simultaneous requests and deal with execution delays and slow clients without spawning processes. If you look at the two graphs from webfaction, you can quite clearly see that Nginx can handle a lot more simultaneous requests while using significantly less, and quite a constant level (and low amount) of RAM.
Nginx excels at serving static files and it can do so very fast. What we can't do is embed something like PHP into the binary as PHP is not asynchronous and would block requests and therefore render the event based approach of Nginx useless. What we therefore do is have either PHP over FastCGI or Apache+mod_php in the background handle all the PHP requests. This way, Nginx can be used to serve all static files (css, javascript, images, pdf's etc), handle slow clients etc but pass php requests over to one of these backend processes, receive the response back and handle delivering it to the client leaving the backend process free to handle other requests. Nginx doesn't block while wating for FastCGI or Apache it just carries on handing events as they happen.
The other advantage of this "reverse proxy" mode is that Nginx can act as a load balancer and distribute requests to not just one but multiple backend servers over a network. Nginx can also act as a reverse caching proxy to reduce the amount of dynamic requests needing to be processed by the backend PHP server. Both of these functions allow even more simultaneous dynamic requests.
What this means is that if your application requires a specific Apache configuration or module then you can gain the advantages of Nginx handling simultaneous requests and serving static files but still use Apache to handle the requests you need it to.
If these is no requirement for Apache then Nginx also supports communication protocols like FastCGI, SCGI and UWSGI. PHP also happens to support FastCGI so we can have Nginx interact with PHP over FastCGI without needing the whole of Apache around.
In the past, you either had to use a script called spawn-fcgi to spawn FastCGI processes or handle FastCGI manually and then use some monitoring software to monitor them to ensure they were running. However, as of PHP 5.3.3, something called PHP-FPM is (which distributions often package up in a package called php5-fpm) part of the PHP core code which handle all this for you in a way similar to Apache – you can set the minimum and maximum number of proceses and how many you would like to spawn and keep around waiting. The other advantage to this is that PHP-FPM is an entirely separate process to Nginx so you can change configurations and restart each of them independently of each other (and Nginx actually supports reloading it's configuration and upgrading it's binary on-the-fly so it doesn't require a restart).
In the next post in this series, i'll explain how to install and configure Nginx for serving both static and dynamic content.
One of the disadvantages of Nginx is that it doesn't support .htaccess files to dynamically modify the server configuration – all configuration must be stored in the Nginx config files and can not be changed at runtime. This is a positive for performance and security but makes it less suitable for running "shared hosting" platforms.


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Welcome to the Office of International Education and Development
(View in Chinese) .
The Office of International Education and Development (OIED) serves as the headquarter for all international outreach and activities on WOU's campus.
Western Oregon University is located in Monmouth, a safe and beautiful town on the Northwest coast of the United States. The university is within an easy driving distance from major cities such as Portland, Seattle, the Pacific Ocean, and the breathtaking Cascade Mountains. The climate is moderate and comfortable nearly year-round.Established in 1856, Western Oregon University is the first public university in the state of Oregon. The university offers 40 undergraduate programs and 12 graduate programs in liberal arts and sciences, and professional programs in education, business, and public services; and a cooperative program in nursing. Currently there are more than 6,200 students enrolled on WOU's Monmouth campus.
OIED is responsible for:
|International Student Services Update: Students not planning to enroll full time at WOU for FALL term need to submit paperwork to the OIED office no later than October 26, 2016. For detailed information visit F-1 Rules and Regulations Departing WOU page.
Upcoming Events:
Fall Term Workshops for International Students
Coming Soon
Why Choose Western Oregon University
In 2014 WOU was recognized as one of the top 100 colleges or universities in America and the only one in the Pacific Northwest in adding economic value and benefit to its graduates
- WOU was an inaugural winner of the Higher Education Excellence in Diversity (HEED) award recognized by Insight Into Higher Education on November 15, 2012. This award recognizes universities and colleges that have demonstrated the highest level of commitment and action towards fostering a campus community that celebrates all the many facets of diversity.
- Ackerman Residence Hall, opened fall 2010, has received multiple awards for its environmentally friendly design and operations. Green Home Authority named Ackerman as one of the ten eco-friendliest dorms in the country in 2011
- Parade Magazine listed WOU as one of the top twenty small state schools for 2010. WOU was noted for its small classes and exceptional services for first generation to college students.
The National Academic Advising Association (NACADA) has recognized fourteen Western Oregon University faculty and staff for academic advising (three in 2008, one in 2009, two in 2010, two in 2011, one in 2012, four in 2013, and one in 2014).
What's great about WOU


text:
Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
Fernandes: I won't walk away from QPR
QPR owner Tony Fernandes has vowed to maintain his financial backing of the club even if he steps down as chairman.
The R's are bottom of the Barclays Premier League and on January 27, the day after they were eliminated from the FA Cup following a 4-2 home defeat to MK Dons, Fernandes wrote on his Twitter account: "I take all responsibility and will face the music... If can't fix it I will be first to go."
Asked about that on BBC Radio Five Live's Sportsweek on Sunday morning programme, Fernandes said: "If it goes wrong and people think that I'm the wrong chairman, then I'll step down, but my investment will stay and I will continue to be a board member and support the club, because I have a lot of ambitions for the club."
He added: "I just wanted to put on record that no-one else would take responsibility but the leader, and the leader of the club is me."
Pressed as to whether he was planning to step down, Fernandes said: "At the moment, no."
QPR are six points adrift of safety in the Premier League with 13 games left to play this season.
In an effort to bolster their survival bid, Fernandes provided the funds for current boss Harry Redknapp to make high-profile signings in the January transfer window, such as striker Loic Remy and defender Christopher Samba.
And Fernandes has rubbished reports that have suggested the latter, a deadline day arrival from Anzhi Makhachkala, is on a salary of £100,000 a week.
Asked how much Samba was earning, the Malaysian entrepreneur said: "It is not right for me to say, but it is nothing like £100,000 - it is more around the £65,000 mark. You would be close (with that)."


text:
Fluval Tronic Heaters by Hagen
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text:
A to Z List: 2005 Picks
More Best of New York
- EatingBespoke salsa, a singular cheese course, and uncommon cookies.
- Shopping Workplace stretch pants, manly It bags, and three-dollar porcelain bowls.
- Fun A pop-up hip-hop night, a Tribeca date bar, and a fried-chicken party room.
- Home & Help Cheap upholsterers, sneaker-refurbishers, and a dog-borrowing service.
- Health & Self Swiftian bobs, football-drill workouts, and the Drybar of facials.


text:
By Rob Glidden
Staff Writer
Third-grade students at Strong Elementary School got an extensive look at Brazilian culture from a classmate and her family.
Third-grader Jasmine Ozimkoski was born and raised in America, but her mother, Alessandra Ozimkoski, was born in Brazil and works at the Brazilian consulate in Hartford.
The family has visited her home country several times and this was their third year leading a presentation for the students.
"It's a beautiful place," Jasmine said. "I feel good that I can help everyone learn about it."
Students had the chance to see Brazilian money and passports, but there was a more lively import from the country available to see – a blue and gold macaw who took turns posing with them.
"It's so cool," said third-grader Eva Bilodeau. Her classmate, Olivia Allen added that the presentation was "really awesome."
The program included a lengthy demonstration of capoeira, a Brazilian sport that combines dance and martial arts. A large amethyst crystal was also very popular among the students.
"I'm glad I got to see that rock," said third-grader Jackson Rusiecki. "That was my favorite."
The first time this presentation was held, the family was so delighted by the enthusiastic reactions from the children that they decided to keep bringing it back.
"It's so much fun," said Alessandra Ozimkoski. "Everyone thinks Brazil is one big rainforest but there is so much more."
To illustrate that point, she showed the students a clip from the animated film "Rio" that featured the cartoon birds flying around a highly realistic rendering of Rio de Janeiro and famous landmarks like the Christ the Redeemer statue and Sugarloaf Mountain.
"I really like it," said third-grader Cara St. John. "It's cool that she gets to show her culture."
Teachers said that the presentation tied in one of the developmental assets promoted by the Southington Town-Wide Effort to Promote Success (STEPS) – "cultural competence."
"It's good for them to understand differences that exist among cultures," said third-grade teacher Amber Smith. "It shows that things aren't always the same as where they live."
Comments? Email firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Nearly 400,000 U.S. children and teenagers go to the emergency room for basketball-related injuries each year — with the number of concussions and other brain injuries on the rise in recent years, researchers reported Monday.
Using government data collected from a national sample of U.S. hospitals, the researchers estimate that more than 4.1 million kids between the ages of 5 and 19 visited an ER for a basketball injury between 1997 and 2007.
Muscle strains and joint sprains accounted for 45 percent of the injuries, while fractures and dislocations made up 22 percent.
Traumatic brain injuries, including concussions and skull fractures, accounted for less than three percent of all injuries — or about 109,000 ER visits nationally per year, the researchers estimate.
But the number of brain injuries climbed 70 percent over time, from just over 7,000 in 1997 to almost 12,000 in 2007. They also accounted for a growing proportion of all injuries over time — from less than two percent in 1997, to almost four percent in 2007.
The report, published in the journal Pediatrics, is not meant to turn parents and kids off from basketball, the researchers stress.
"We would keep encouraging kids to play basketball. There are a lot of benefits from physical activity," said senior researcher Dr. Lara B. McKenzie, of the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio.
And, she noted in an interview, most types of physical activity — not just basketball — carry "some inherent risks."
But, McKenzie said, future studies should try to uncover the reason for the increase in traumatic brain injuries over time.
It's possible, she said, that greater awareness has played a role. Parents, coaches and trainers may have become better able to recognize the signs of a concussion or other brain injury — such as dizziness, confusion, balance problems and vision disturbances — and are more often taking kids to the ER for those symptoms.
On the other hand, the findings may reflect a true increase, McKenzie said. The game may be getting "rougher," for example, or kids today may be bigger relative to years past, which could be making the game more physical.
In basketball, brain injuries may happen when players collide with each other, for instance, or when a player falls and hits his head on the ground, according to McKenzie. The data used for this study, however, did not include information on the precise mechanisms of kids' injuries, she pointed out.
The findings are based on information collected from about 100 U.S. hospitals by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Between 1997 and 2007, ERs reported 118,718 basketball-related injuries among 5- to 19-year-olds.
Extrapolating that to the general population, McKenzie's team estimates that more than 4.1 million kids in that age range visited an ER for a basketball injury. That translates to 375,350 visits per year.
Strains and sprains to the lower extremities, particularly the ankle, were most common, accounting for 30 percent of the injuries. That's a pattern that would be expected with basketball, McKenzie said.
Teenagers between the ages of 15 and 19 sustained the largest number of injuries — accounting for an estimated 2.1 million nationally over the study period. Children ages five to 10 had the fewest, at just over 400,000.
Overall, 36 percent of the injuries were sustained at a sports facility, with schools being the second-most common locale. But the researchers estimate that about 335,000 injuries over the study period happened at home — with young children, not surprisingly, being more likely to suffer an injury at home than older kids were.
One way parents can help protect younger children is to make sure they play with a basketball designed for their age, McKenzie said. Injuries to the fingers were among the most common in younger children, and a smaller, "age-appropriate" basketball could help prevent those, she explained.
She also suggested that parents, coaches and others involved in youth sports visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Web site on traumatic brain injuries (www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury). It contains information and a free online training course on preventing sports-related brain injuries in young athletes.
McKenzie pointed out that this study probably significantly underestimates the number of basketball-related injuries among U.S. kids each year, as it looked only at injuries treated in an ER. Many more children may see their regular doctor or other healthcare providers.
SOURCE: link.reuters.com/dex23p Pediatrics, online September 13, 2010.


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Related Scripts
Related Links
The Khmer script was one of the earliest writing systems used in Southeast Asia, first appearing in the 7th century CE. It derived immediately from the Pallava script, a variety of the Grantha script of South India, which in turn ultimately is descended from the ancient Brahmi script of India.
Like all Brahmi-derived scripts, Khmer has certain traits similar to those found in South Asian scripts. The direction of writing in Khmer is left to right, and downwards when horizontal space runs out. Khmer is a syllabic alphabet, meaning that a letter represents a syllable in the form of a consonant followed by an inherent vowel. An interesting feature of the Khmer script is that there are two letters for each consonant, one letter carrying the inherent vowel of /a/ and the other /o/. This stems from reusing letters for sounds present in Indian languages but not Khmer. So, roughly speaking, the a-letters correspond to the voiceless letters in Indian scripts, and o-letters to the Indian letters for voiced consonants (fewer of which exist in Khmer than in Indian tongues).
The following is the Khmer script. Note that q is the stands for the glottal stop. Another note is that the last row of letters (g-, f-, and zh-) represent sounds found only in words borrowed from other languages.
Note that I have rearranged the alphabet to group letters by their initial consonants, thus scrambling the traditional alphabetical order. The normal ordering of letters follows those in Indic scripts, but translated onto the a and o letters of Khmer. So for example, the velar (/k/-like sounds) letters in Indic scripts are ordered as ka, kha, ga, gha, and nga. As previously mentioned, voiced consonants letters in Indic scripts were reused for the o-series of letters, and therefore this transforms into ka, kha, ko, kho, and ngo.
Another feature of the Khmer script is the use of extra strokes (called vowel diacritics) around a letter to change the inherent vowel. Once again, because there are two letters for each consonant, the same vowel diacritic works differently for an a-letter and an o-letter. The following chart illustrates this dichotomy. The first line under each row of vowel diacritic lists the vowels for the a-letters, and the second line lists the vowels for the o-letters.
But of course, there are exceptions. The q- letters don't use vowel diacritics, but instead have special letters for many of the vowels. This stems from the fact that the q- letters came from the word-initial /a/ vowel letter in Indic scripts. As there were letters for other word-initial vowels in Indic scripts as well, they also were incorporated into Khmer as q- letters. All q- letters only appear at the beginning of a word, which is the only place where a glottal stop can occur in Khmer.
In addition, certain syllables starting with /r/ and /l/ are also written using special letters too. Once again, this stems from Indic scripts having special cases with /r/ and /l/ sounds.
Consonant clusters are written using ligatures. A ligature is a "double decker" sign composed of a normal letter and a subscript. Normally, subscripts are smaller versions of the normal letters, but sometimes they are mutated into shapes that don't resemble the corresponding normal letters. In a cluster, the first letter to be read is the normal letter, which sits at the "central" location, and the second letter is the subscript, which sits under the first letter and sometimes extends up the side of the first letter. The following chart lists normal letters (in blue) and respective subscripts (in black).
The following is an example of subscripts used in conjunction with normal letters and vowel diacritics to write out Khmer words.
The Khmer script is still used in Cambodia, having evolved over more than a thousand years. One consequence of this long history is that certain words are not pronounced as they are spelled, so sometimes a comma-like diacritic is placed on letters that are no longer pronounced.
The Lao and Thai scripts are related to the Khmer script, but exact relationships are unknown. Some consider Lao to be a "sibling" to Khmer and Thai as a derived script, but with the rapid spread of Buddhism and Indian scripts into Southeast Asia the exact parentage of these scripts will likely remain uncertain.
Related Links


text: USDA Announces REAP Awards for Farm Digesters August 22, 2013 05:19 AM Tweet TAGS: Marketing, Overseas December 18, 2014 By MILK Editors Email USDA is making investments of more than $21 million in energy projects nationwide. Source: USDA USDA has announced funding for 631 projects across the nation that will help agricultural producers and rural small businesses reduce their energy consumption and costs, use renewable energy technologies in their operations, and conduct feasibility studies for renewable energy projects. Grant and loan funding is made available through USDA's Rural Energy for America Program (REAP), which is authorized by the 2008 Farm Bill. REAP helps producers reduce energy costs and increase production efficiency. Under the terms of REAP, up to 25% of an eligible energy production or conservation project can be funded through a grant, and additional support can be provided in the form of a loan. Since the start of the Obama Administration, REAP has helped fund nearly 7,000 renewable energy and energy efficiency projects nationwide. With today's announcement, USDA is making investments of more than $21 million in energy projects nationwide. REAP offers financial assistance to farmers, ranchers and rural small businesses to purchase and install renewable energy systems and make energy efficiency improvements. These federal funds leverage other private funding sources for businesses. REAP also helps the conservation of natural resources and the development of new forms of energy that reduces America's dependence on fossil fuels and creates a stronger rural economy. Four REAP grant recipients are using funds to construct or install anaerobic digesters at their sites: • Dovetail Energy, LLC (Ohio) - Construction of an anaerobic digester • Green Lane Energy, Inc. (Oregon) - Construction of an anaerobic digester • Statz Brothers (Wisconsin) - Purchase and installation of an additional anaerobic digester • Butler Farms (North Carolina) - Improvements for an anaerobic digester Click here for the current list of recipients for REAP grants and loans or for more information about the REAP program. Please note that some states are still in the process of finalizing their REAP awards and another message will be distributed when those awards have been announced. For more information about AgSTAR, please visit its website. Back to news


text:
Roswell Appliances Contractors
We've received your request for contractors offering Appliances in Roswell and are happy to help you take the next step in getting your project off the ground! Listed below is our network of certified home contractors serving Roswell and its neighboring communities. To arrange for a project assessment or to learn more about Appliances or related home improvement services currently offered in Roswell, you can contact us via the form on the right of this page or by calling us directly at 866.355.7164. We'll do our very best to connect with you the proven professionals you need to get the job done.
*The contractors below may not offer Appliances services at this time. Contact us to confirm the current availability of this service in Roswell.
ASE Design Associates
4675 Lake Forest Drive, Atlanta, GA 30342
Proudly serving Metro Atlanta Area
AAA Remodeling, Inc
4463 Towne Lake Parkway Suite 100, Woodstock, GA 30189
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All Good General Contractors LLC
1614 Lower Roswell Rd. Suite C, Marietta, GA 30067
Proudly serving Greater Atlanta
All Purpose Enterprises
347 Valley Hill Road, Griffin, GA 30223
Proudly serving Metro- Atlanta Area
Anything Electric
276 Dogwood Drive, Canton, GA 30114
Proudly serving North Metro Atlanta
Constantine Development
378 5th Street NE #2, Atlanta, GA 30308
Proudly serving
Constantine Development proudly serves the greater Marietta area, including Peach Tree and Alpharetta.
Corner Stone Painting and Remodeling LLC
215 Cherokee St., Canton, GA 30114
Proudly serving Canton
Millennium Painting
847 Rock Bridge Way, Norcrosse, GA 30093
Proudly serving Atlanta Metro Area
1055 Cole Ridge Way, Suwanee, GA 30024
Proudly serving Greater Atlanta
Sealmaxx of Greater Atlanta, Inc.
2778 Cumberland Blvd. #147, Smyrna, GA 30080
Proudly serving Greater Atlanta


text:
AMD Bulldozer FX Processor Benchmarks Leaked
Subject: Processors | October 3, 2011 - 12:29 AM | Tim Verry
Tagged: sandy bridge, Intel, i7 2600k, FX 8150, FX, cpu, bulldozer, amd
Intel has held the performance lead for several processor generations now, and while AMD is still technically in the game for home theater PC and budget builds, many enthusiasts have moved to Intel for gaming and high performance computers. Many of those people have also held hope that the chip manufacturer would eventually come back strong and maintain some level of competition in the industry. As we move closer to AMD's Bulldozer launch (which seems to have been confirmed for October 12th), enthusiasts and reviewers alike are clamoring to answer a long awaited question: "will Bulldozer give Intel a run for its money?"
According to website Donanim Haber, enthusiasts' high hopes may finally be realized. The site has posted several benchmarks results that indicate Bulldozer is not only cheaper than Sandy Bridge, but performs on par with Intel's top end Sandy Bridge chips. In many tests, the AMD FX 8150 CPU's eight core performance matches the multi-threaded (8 threads, 4 cores) performance of Intel's high end Core i7 2600k processor.
In the benchmarks that the site performed, the AMD FX 8150 was tested against the Intel Core i7 980X for 1080p gaming and the Core i7 2500k and 2600k for multi-threaded performance. In the graph shown above, the AMD Bulldozer CPU was roughly on par with the i7 980X, trading wins in some games and providing a similar level of performance in others. The AMD processor won in the Metro 2033 and Lost Planet benchmarks, but was slightly slower in Civilization V and F1 2010. In AVP and Batman (among others), the two competing processors saw equal results.
They also ran several benchmarks using highly multi-threaded programs to take advantage of the many-core designs of the AMD and Intel processors, including WinRar 4, Handbrake, 7zip, and wPrime 32M. The eight core AMD FX 8150 Bulldozer processor was tested against both an Intel Core i5 2500k and a Core i7 2600k. The AMD CPU came out ahead in 7zip, wPrime 32M, and Bibble 5.0. It was slower than the Core i7 2600k in the WinRar 4 tests and slower than both the 2500k and 2600k in the ABBYY OCR10 benchmarks. In the other tests, the AMD processor kept pace with or was only slightly behind the top end Intel 2600k CPU.
From the leaked benchmarks (which you can read here), AMD's new Bulldozer CPUs have made an admirable showing. Should these benchmarks hold true, Intel will have some serious competition on its hands, something that the company has not had to deal with in a long time. Whether Bulldozer will result in price cuts or ramped up production on the Intel side remains to be seen; however, the results are not going to be easy for Intel to ignore.
Stay tuned to PC Perspective for more Bulldozer news in the coming weeks.
Video News
I think I know whats going in my next Linux box...
Hi there matеѕ, how iѕ the wholе thing, and what уou deѕirе to say concernіng this aгticle,
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with kernel 3.0
me too
wipe my Intel box with feces.
F*** you Intel after using for 15 years.
wouldnt mind buying qualcomm desktop chips if they ever come out but never Intel.
lets asume this is not a fake (i personaly think it is) and bulldozer iz faster then the sandy bridge...but what about the sandy bridge-e? can bulldozer beat it..?! now theres something to think about
Anybody who buys an Intel extreme cpu either is very rich and doesn't mind wasting money, has a very small dick and buys something that they can brag about, or is just stupid. Why would you buy a 1000 dollar cpu when next year Intel will have a 250-300 dollar cpu that's faster than it. Talk about a waste of money. Example 990x vs 2600k. 2600k is actually faster and you can save 700 bucks. And 2600k came a year after 990x. Why do people even insist saying this all the time your ignorance is not welcome and it only makes you look like a fool that knows nothing and has no logical thinking. "Will bulldozer compete with sandy bridge e" hmmmm let me think about that one cpu costs 270 but the other costs a 1000. I don't know duhhhh. What a retarded statement to make. It is equivelent to "yea that subaru wrx is as fast as the Mitsubishi lancer but will that wrx beat a ferrari". Why would anyone say this. It would be fun to compare the 270 cpu against a 1000 cpu for shits and giggles but it isn't intended to go against sandy e. Btw the cheapest sandy e cpu @ 300 bucks looks to be slower than 2600k but has quad channel mem. Even the 1000 dollar sandy e cpu is steps behind the 2600k in some tests which is shitty. There has been leaked benchmarks
Now all they need is high-end mATX boards.
All this tells me is that they wouldn't realease Bulldozer till they matched the 2500/2600 in almost everything.....which tells me they had to do ALOT of work just to get there.....
For being almost a full year later than sandy bridge (even with the mobo chipset recall), an 8 core processor shouldn't be "on par" with a quad core with hyper threading wouldnt you think?
The second question is, how will they perform against Ivy Bridge with the new trigate process, or the 6 core variant of the Sandy Bridge E.
(only reputable sources for benches, not amd made "charts" like the ones "leaked" as they're as believeable as intel ones, and with detailed information how each cpu/mobo was set up)
Im neither an AMD or Intel fanboy, but it leaves me to question if AMD is simply trying to play catch up and is targeting current intel selection, or an early bid to gain some revenue before intel starts selling their next "tick"
The "8 Core" is just marketing. Its really 4 core (or module). Each module has 1 integer unit, 1 floating point unit, one memory unit. and the ONLY reason they call it 8 core is because it has a shared extra floating point unit. So its not a true 8 core processor.
Intel uses hyper threading. AMD uses an extra floating point unit. Both both are quad cores (minus the marketing BS)
Your right to a point. Each module* has two integer cores and single 256-bit FP unit which can be split into two x 128-bit units. There are shared "front-end" components that feed each integer pipeline (core) as the L2 cache is shared as well.
* AMD should have called each "module" a flexible-core, or Core with hardware based threading -hardthreading technology and put 4C(cores) - 8T(threads) on a single MCM -just as they do now, but call it 2 cores x 4 modules = 8C-8T MCM.
Wow, you REALLY don't understand what is in a module:
Each module contains all of the following:
2x Integer Schedulers
2x Integer Cores
1x FlexFPU capable of 2 concurrent threads at 128-bit
1x Prefetch
1x L1I Cache (64kb)
1x L2 cache (2048MB, mostly inclusive, non-victim)
This is actually only a "slightly" more integrated than the Core 2 Duo (which had shared L2 and some other rear-end items).
Bulldozer just takes the Core 2 Duo level of sharing to the next level, and includes much of the front-end as well.
By definition, a core is an execution unit that can operate independently, and concurrently, with other execution units. Bulldozer fits this definition perfectly for an 8-core CPU, except in 256-bit FPU:
Concurrent Operations of Bulldozer:
8x integer threads
8x 128-bit or less floating point threads
4x 256-bit floating point threads
Further, thanks to IPC design, in OPS, we have the following, per cycle, in ideal circumstances, CONCURRENTLY:
8*2 ALU ops
8*2 AGLU ops
8*4 32-bit flops
8*2 64-bit flops
8*1 128-bit flops
4*1 256-bit AVX
The ONLY time Bulldozer isn't a true 8-core CPU is with AVX instructions. Then, 8 AVX threads will be fighting with the FPU resources of only 4 concurrent operations.
Good idea to be educated on a topic before posting...
--The loon
Before making any education claims toward others, let me correct you as well:
A core is an independent unit that can process a given task ("process") and do not share any hardware units (resources) with other cores.
The moment some of the resources are shared, thus the 2 units (or more) cannot process independent data or instructions.
Farther more, once a shared memory/fetching mechanism (cached or registered) are shared, thus the memory bandwidth of the 2 alleged processing units is halved!
AMD's bold claim for 8 coress, is by definition a false claim - that might put them one day in the court.
AMD's bulldozer cannot process simultaneously 8 different process, it can process simultaneously only 4 process.
Sending the bulldozer cpu 8 process at once by the operating system, will cause a context switch - same as processing more then one task on a single core has always been.
before preaching to the others as being uneducated, I preach you to go to the university and master a degree in computer science and mathematics, something it seems you have no fulfilled so far.
Aharon Y – BA at Mathematics and Computer science.
I really doubt that AMD will be addressing the definition of a "core" in court. As technology changes, the boundaries of such definitions will inevitably change as well.
In the classical sense, you are correct in the definition of a core, but I don't think that it much applies anymore. Intel's Hyperthreading was a step in the direction, and AMD's implementation is a further advance (AMD claims they only inflated the die size about 5% by adding the second integer unit and beefing up the fetch, decode, and branch units).
You assertion that the two units cannot process independent data or instructions is somewhat misleading. Multiple instructions are always in flight and scheduled for the different cores. So in a true multi-threaded application, we will not see one of the integer executions units in each module idle while the other is working on new instructions. Same goes for the FPU/SIMD unit. It can handle 2 x 128 bit instructions at any one time, or 1 x 256. So even though it shares the same front end, instructions and data are always lined up and scheduled for the first unit to finish the previous workload.
This stuff is not really new. Chip designers have always worked on ways to cover up latencies by always having work available for the execution units. It does not pay to have a unit idle while waiting for data and instructions. So to avoid such stalls chip designers have aggressive prefetch and scheduling. It is not much of a leap from these types of architectures that were introduced 15 years ago to increase their throughput to keep two separate execution units at work in the same module, even though they share components.
The front end fetch/decode are shared, but AMD has made them wider than in Phenom II. The memory bandwidth for the fetch unit is twice as wide as in Phenom II (256 bits vs. 128). The decoder has an extra general-purpose decoder. Also, the context switch occurs in a single clock cycle, which is as good as it gets. My source is this article: http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?ArticleID=RWT082610181333&p=5
Before you get all elitist, actually read about the microarchitecture.
-Darin W. B.S. Computer Engineering
Sorry, the bandwidth for the fetcher is the same, but the ITLB's are larger and it has better branch prediction and prefetching.
I remember you - the guy who tried to sound more credible by stating that since Intel has an R&D facility near your home, you know more than everybody else ... once again I won't bother to finish reading your post ... ;-)
Each integer "execution unit" (an apt term) is clearly not inter-dependent on its neighboring "unit", however it is neither an island unto itself. Per AMD's own admission their approach will be a net gain of around 80% increase over a single BD "execution unit" (alone) with the same frontend and cache circuits -all for the cost of few percentage points of die space. To that end we'll see 90% execution unit performance x 2 (180%)over a single core which would be considered 100%. So adding the second "execution unit" does negatively effect performance of the first "execution unit". Execution unit performance is not 100% x 2 and therefore cannot be considered fully independent nor can they execute at 100% concurrently.
Furthermore, though not specified, my original observation was intended to be more of a marketing strategy as is implied with "AMD should have CALLED each" and not "AMD should have MADE each". This is mainly to curtail the Intel fans from declaring 1 intel core = 2 amd cores, while conveniently forgetting about the gains of hyperthreading.
Finally, I do hope AMD has some mechanism in place to allow running 4 threads on 4 separate modules allowing all the L2 cache to be utilized instead of overclocking half the cores and using half the cache on the processor. I can imagine a few workloads where the former would be preferable to the latter.
This is really what it comes down to. Intel fanboy says"No there are not 8 cores because AMD lies and sucks" AMD Fanboy says " Yes it is 8 cores and we did it first on the desktop." Who really freakin cares whether it is 8 or 4 w/some sort of crappy HT. This should be a performance discussion which is only speculation at this time. So what if AMD says it's 8 core and it isn't. This argument sounds just as dumb as when AMD stated that Intel's first dual core wasn't a true dual core. I get sick of people who don't know jack getting in these discussions and make dumb statements on either side and don't show any schematics or anything to back up the stupid claims about the architecture.
Ok so now that my rant is over. I think these are another fake. I don't know if we will have true benchmarks until the enthusiasts get them and can give us some benchs for Toms and PCPER and other reputable sites. That being said I don't care who is faster, I just want true benchmarks so I can either buy an FX or wait for Sandy-e. I am due for an upgrade anyways.
One may consider it to be a paltry showing for an 8-core processor to be matched up with a 4 core with HT but it isn't. The module system is AMD's answer to Intel using HT so a 4 module system is actually meant to compete with a 4-core 8-thread processor.
Consider though that AMD is working with a design that is typically lower in performance per clock so this compensation is called for.
I expect Sandy-E to outbench the FX for sure (since I do 3d rendering I'll probably buy Sandy-E) but that doesn't make it substandard. Allow me to put two FX processors into a system without charging enterprise pricing and I'm there.
It all comes down the price! At a good enough price point AMD could win.
Great, marketing slides... I'm sure those wont be skewed in any way.
Chart #1: FX-8150 has a natural clockspeed advantage and the 980X is an old architecture (Gulftown which is based on Bloomfield that is over two years old). Would have been more fair to leave the 980X out of it but, they did it for a reason (cherry picking).
Chart #2: Why is everything normalized to 2500K? I'll tell you why, it makes little differences look bigger. Take with a leathal dose of salt.
More fun comments that aren't jerking off AMD check out here. Congrats AMD, you're releasing a product that is finally catching up with Intel, just as their about to launch a new line.
You **ALWAYS** normalize results to the baseline comparator. If you are comparing your product to the i2500k, then you normalize your charts to that.
That is that the i2500k values will be 1.0, and ALL others will be some deviation from that.
--The loon
article is from the 24th, over a week old....
bulldozer barrely manages to beat the entry level sandybridge. with the sandybridge E processors coming out in a few months loaded with 6 cores + HT, intel will easily extend its margin. Not to mention ivy bridge will roll around by the time CES his and further extend intel's lead. This shows AMD reamins a full generation behind of intel...yet again.
Full generation behind or not, for a gamer like me, bulldozer is much much better then SB. Cheaper, and trust me, I have a Phenom II x4 955, a Phenom II x6 1090t, an E8500 and a I7 2600K. Apart from 3D rendering untill now, the difference is not that big and Intel is way overated. CPUs apart, the best upgrade you can give your PC nowadays, if you have a decent CPU/ Video card, in terms of performance, is a SATA III SSD.
Now this is getting funny its your 8 cores vs are 4 core with ht who cares if it's just as fast as the SB and cost me 50 dollars or more less who gives a crap about how many cores it has hell if it had 16 cores and sells for 270$ and still holds its on with SB i buy it its cheaper lol
Yeah I know who really cares if it has 8 cores technically anyways it is 4 cores. All anyone should care about is performance at the end of it all. I think Intel fan boys are just jealous that they don't have an 8 core cpu. But anyhow if intel did have an 8 core cpu and amd had a 4 core which was as fast as the intel 8 core then Intel fan boys would be saying the opposite of what they are now saying who cares about cores it is just as fast. Intel fan boys are funny and they entertain me at the least. I think I may buy a new 8150p later this month but I am going to wait to see actual benchmarks before buying. If it is as fast as 2600k and overclocks to nearly 5 ghz like 2600k then I will buy. If it isn't all hyped up to be what its suppose to be then I will ditch my x6 1090T for 2700k when it is released by Intel. I buy both depending on price/performance. But I will say one thing I like a lot about AMD is compatibility with sockets. That is something Intel should take note of.
Thank you for being reasonable. First reasonable posts I have read in this whole thread.
1)Sandy Bridge-E processors has a Vt-D bug.
2)Sandy Bridge-E has been pushed back to Q1 2012
I don't know whether to trust these benchmarks and it all starts to get quite confusing working out whether you really need a 990FX motherboard which are expensive or a lesser one as long as its AM3+ I still don't know what you're missing if you get a cheap 890 AM3+ board and plop an 8150 into it. Anyone got more info on this?
I'm getting more into 3D and 3D animation. Games, encoding and any other tasks cpu's get put to don't interest me. I guess all I'm really looking for is the fastest speed at the cheapest price for multi threaded applications like Cinema 4D where all cores are in use all the time. To make it really simple. I just want the CPU that will give the best Cinebench benchmarking score.
So with that said. If you wanted to buy a new system in the next few months for the cheapest price, what would you go for? $1000 CPU's are out of the question :)
"I don't know whether to trust these benchmarks" -- These are presentation slides, not even by AMD, not benchmarks - they may be indicative, but I wouldn't trust them - wait till the 12th.
"I just want the CPU that will give the best Cinebench benchmarking score." -- no you don't, you last sentence indicates you want the best bang for your buck for rendering. Currently that will be a i7 2500 or 2600 (one would have to see how much difference HT makes in Cinebench - it may be good or negligible - I'm sure there are tests done already), But I'd wait till BD launches - with 8 integer cores it may do well in this area.
"I still don't know what you're missing if you get a cheap 890 AM3+ ..." For your uses, you likely won't miss much - you basically want fast multi-threaded integer crunching - there's not really much in the chipset that would help/hinder you there. My 2 cents.
Well, i'm glad to have had my 2500k since March. Tell me, how long have any of you had your bulldozers for? Hell, I might still get an 8150, but honestly, if I had to look back to the beginning of the year, I am glad I made the choice I did.
Why all the arguments. Looking at replacing my 4 year old q 6600 come November, if intel has new i7 2700 then and it's cheaper than an 8150 and performs better I'll buy the i7. If the 8150 is cheaper and performs similar I'll build based on that. And in 6 months surely another processor will beat it but will I give a s*** then. Why do people get wound up just because a new AMD processor may beat their 6 month old Intel. Maybe it's my age 35. Some comments are childish.
You guys are all idiots. Talking like Fan Boy's...
You guys are talking like its expensive to build a computer, who cares..about Frames Per Sec...I mean this whole thread is just pointless.
I'm maxing out games with a dated AMD 9500 2.2 ghz quad core with a old 9800gtx..yeah direct 10x..plays silky smooth and is probably one of the slowest CPUs out of everyone here..
Am I crying about this? Hell no, I'm gaming without a problem.
I could afford bulldozer and sandy-e and Ivy all at the same time, who cares about whats better?
Buy a house, work on your car or your emotions.
(I'm building a Bulldozer rig, not to booast on how cool I am, and I won't be making a gay youtube video about it, im building it for fun, and to have a comp for gaming at a good price till 2013 PCI express 3.0 and perhaps by then a 30inch Dell 2560x res screen)
Or just use one of your pay checks, and buy IVY and use part of your next check and buy Bulldozer, then have both. Really who cares?
Personally. My close friend has made 2 other people we both know, to build 2500k systems, all done up with 6950s and new everything. This all happening in the past month, those 2 "friends" we both know, got convinced by a Fanboi to build 2500k rigs, because of benchmarks proven it's the state of the art fastest beast comps.
what a friend right? I would have told them to wait for sandy-e or bulldozer..save some money..
They all get hyped and worried about their current comps..and build 2500k rigs because of BF3? or Diablo 3? I mean come on...building rigs for 2 games?
Making people think their 955be's won't run anything...is just fanboy talk.
haha first off...BF3 will DEFINITELY need better than a 955 BE phenom II to be maxed out. Yeah yeah I know the video card is more important but if phenom II's don't cut it for metro 2033 or crysis II at the highest settings, then that phenom won't for BF3 either.
D3 may be another story...its only in the beta stages at the moment and is only optimized for 2 cores at the moment, but when theres a lot of action on the screen, you may actually need the extra processing power to keep going smooth. Thats what you're paying for with the sandy bridge CPU's. Not necessarily just the ability to play a game at all, its to be able to come close to playing it with optimal performance at the maximum (or close to) maximum settings.
Also...nobody knows how good bulldozer is going to be, and for all we know, it could be a paper launch where they ship, but they aren't in stock? Maybe AMD could even push back the release date that they once did. One thing that is more than likely but not for sure is that bulldozer won't be as fast as the sandy bridge CPU's in applications that use 4 cores or less (because if they were...I'm thinking AMD would be bragging a bit more and they seem to be quite tight lipped while also cherry-picking their benchmarks)
As for your friends...sometimes someone wants a badass computer right NOW and not everyone wants to wait for something that MIGHT be better in the future. Everyone knows i5 2500k is a great CPU especially for the price and btw sandy bridge E would be stupid to buy for gaming (extreme overkill). Anyway I said fuck it a few weeks ago and got an i7 2600k and I haven't regretted it since. AMD isn't pushing the bar high enough for intel to feel a fire under their asses to pull something great off next year for the consumers!
I was really rooting for AMD but even if these turn out to be better than most of us thought, its probably going to be too little too late. Most people already bought their computers...
You all realize all those benchmark pictures were deemed fakes a long time ago. On top of it, sorta seems even more fake considering they were out a few months ago. So honestly I'll wait for an official review from Tomshardware or someone like that.
You all realize all those benchmark pictures were deemed fakes a long time ago. On top of it, sorta seems even more fake considering they were out a few months ago. So honestly I'll wait for an official review from Tomshardware or someone like that.
unless i am wrong!amd still use 16 bit pcie!so it halves they datapath cap speed!so if you ungang like a lot of use were or are doing you will run in 8 bit pcie x2 instead of your expected 16 bit time 2
I love this stuff. amd,intel for me it is just fun too see the tech and how far it hase come(it for 15y)I love raw mhz and tech. thank god that we have the 2 big boys to do battle, or else we all get the shaft


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text:
At a convenient distance from the main highway, yet brilliantly tucked away in the middle of the coffee plantations, one can be absolutely oblivious from the traffic noise at this homestay. The house sits at the edge of the reserve forest, emulating the incline of the hill and is built in creative layers to take the slope into account.
Dr. Pradeep and Neerajaâs ingenuity is displayed in every space in the house, whether itâs the cosy fireplace as you enter through a white picket-fence gate or the brightly lit rooms for guests. A relatively new structure, as one can get an impressive view of the Nilgiris Mountain range from the hammock in the garden. The sunset is especially spectacular from this spot. Two separate units with a common kitchen are provided for. Each room has a charming balcony and a living space.
Guests travelling with children can be assured with ample room for everyone, with extra beds. The house is also speckled with interesting books, trivia about coffee, Dr. Pradeepâs guitar and wildlife portraits. The most intriguing, though, are hand painted pictures of all the birds spotted in the vicinity. Pick up the famous book by Salim Ali or ask Neeraja to guide you on an early morning to view some exotic species here. The lush manicured garden in the midst of the plantations fit congruously as the hosts have tried to preserve as many trees, including Cashew, Sapota, Silver oak and Gulmohar, while building. Enjoy a peaceful stay and some great conversations with the hosts on their own variety of hobbies and experiences of travel, plantations, food, music and dance. A great sunny place to catch up is out in the garden. With Tiger and Twinkle, the coupleâs own Rottweiler dogs, it is not advisable to bring pets along.
Zohra Dhanaliwala
Chennai, India
Sep 2014
Our holiday was fantastic. Neeraja was fabulous hosts and her homestay was impeccable in every way. We would have absolutely no hesitation in recommending it strongly and visiting it again ourselves. Oh, and lest we forget the the food was superlative!
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CheersBye © 2019


text: What do you want to do exactly? Do you already "farm" out portions of your job/task to different machines? Beowulf clusters are already used for tasks that are highly independent and can therefore tolerate heterogeneous clusters (animation rendering is the first one that crosses my mind, but there are others). I'm assuming that your jobs would be similar, so correct me if I am wrong. Send out the details (applications used, time required to run the jobs currently, etc.), and I'm sure you'll get some advice. Jess Linux Mercedes wrote: > Hi, > > I'm wondering if a Beowulf cluster would be a good choice for doing > audio/video production, or if I'm looking for something else. > > If it is, I'm curious as to how it would work with a heterogenous > cluster (I have machines with speeds anywhere between 100Mhz and 1Ghz > that I'd like to use, although I do have older ones =]) > > Thanks, > Nathan > ------------------------------------------------------------------------


text:
The Vampire Diaries Midseason Finale: Will Kai's "Massive Move" Keep Bonnie Gone Forever?
Dec 10, 2014 1:03 PM EST
It's holiday time on The Vampire Diaries, but with Bonnie gone and a crazy psychopath on the loose, there's not much to celebrate. Although Damon (Ian Somerhalder) and Elena (Nina Dobrev) came thisclose to getting their girl Bonnie (Ka… Read more