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Children In Research: Did they ever have a voice?
Research and Research ethics has been and always will be in question when it comes to procedure and protocol. Over the years many issues have arisen over how the process should be approached. Aspects such as design, potential dangers, and the validity of the studies being performed have been questioned. The most important aspect of research ethics however are those involving human beings. Over the years many things have been put into place to protect and assist the participants in making the correct choices in their participation. Informed consent, debriefing, and making sure that the participant's benefits outweigh any potential disharmony or setbacks that can rise from the research study are just a few. This works out well for adults who can comprehend what the situation is, but what about the humans who are not yet developed enough to understand such stipulations and guidelines. Children have been a controversial subject when it comes to research and procedure. Can children legally be involved in studies if they do not have the mental capabilities to do so? In this hub we will see the way children's involvement has changed over the years and how laws were eventually passed to ensure their safe harbor. New issues have also arisen due to technological advancements in present day lives.
Historically, human subjects and their safety were not very much of a concern until the late 1800s. Before that people were usually recruited without real knowledge of what exactly the research that was being performed was really about. They were usually not debriefed nor did they have to sign anything that asked for their permission. If this sounds bad for adults, children had it even worse. It's no secret that children were abused and exploited it when it came to research throughout the centuries. Without any real power or sound of mind, children were prime candidates for even the most dangerous of experiments. Lainie Friedman Ross of MacLean Center for Medical Ethics explains that, "Historically, children were very abused. And if you want to talk about the history of children in research, for many years, there were greater protections for animals than there were for children in research (Thomson and Gale, 1)." Children were put in these risks without any knowledge of what was happening at the time. Even if the children were old enough to comprehend what the whole situation was, this information was not exactly extended to them anyways. Children in orphanages and other institutions were especially at risk as there was no one who really had any authority over their wellbeing (Thomson and Gale, 1). Eventually, there were many tragedies that helped open the eyes of some people who caught wind of this issue.
Such tragedies include pharmaceutical companies that tested varies vaccines or administered them to the children. The worst of this happening was in 1902 in St. Louis where twelve children died when given tetanus vaccines that were tainted (Aphp, 1). These children were not likely to have known that the vaccine was still in the trial phase and that it had not been passed as a viable source for protection. This however was not the only tragedy that struck a cord in the eyes of people. In other places around the country such as In Camden, NJ, there were reported cases where children vaccinated for smallpox also started dying (FDA, 1). In 1938, many children were used to test a new wonder drug that was supposed to be therapeutic. Children and their parents were not informed of the potential dangers of the new drug. Turns out there was some form of anti-freeze in the drug that didn't go over too well with the children it was tested on and about 100 children died (FDA, 1). These along with a few other small instances started the eventual explosion of laws that began to be passed in order to protect children and their rights.
Laws for protection of participants started to come into place around the 1940's which were influenced by the Nuremburg Code. Things such as informed consent and debriefing started to become important in order for the participant to understand the risks and benefits of the research being conducted (Thomson and Gale, 1). However, this was not really in place to help children because most of them still could not understand what exactly was being explained to them. Although earlier laws that were put in place such as the 1902 Biologics Act and the 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic . Even after those tragedies above, it still failed to exclude children as a vulnerable population and was generally used more for the general public and not specifically for children. In 1978, the National Commission for Biological and Behavioral Research eventually produced the Common Rule, which was eventually picked up by all federal agencies that deal with research (Thomson and Gale, 1). This deals with even more specific guidelines for researchers to follow such as that the benefits of the research should outweigh the risks the participant is exposed to. It wasn't until 1983 that the children's version of this was revised for inclusion. For the most part, these laws stipulate that an adult or guardians permission is required before a child can actually participate in a study. The same factors that are in question for adults such as risk and eventual benefit is weighed evenly or even more so with children. This does not mean that children are not asked if they will participate however though, they are asked and their answer has pull depending on the situation.
Up until recently, children were not used in pharmaceutical trials. It is not only because of what had happened with the tragedies from earlier trials, but also because there was no real market it for it. Companies have had fear of being sued and only tested children on a voluntary basis. Medication and dosage requirements for children were never tested on children, but instead were based off percentages used for adults. This has been proven to be risky because children's bodies differ from adults and smaller dosages may still be harmful if a drug is too severe for a child's body. The FDA had growing concerns about these factors which eventually, "led to the FDA's passage of the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act that encourages drug trials for children (CDER, Section 3)." This mandate states that pharmacy companies must research on children if what they are releasing to the public is supposed to be used specifically for children. This guarantees safe practice for children while also encouraging better dosages and treatment for them in the long run. However, off the label basis can still be used by physicians if no tests have been done on children, this uses the old method of basing it off adult dosages. IRB's have a huge responsibility in protecting children's rights because they are considered a vulnerable population. If any single part of the population needs to benefit from such an institution such as the IRB, its children. They must adhere to the possibilities and outcomes of the research and its possible long term consequences on the children, be it mental or physical health. The IRB's must follow the federal regulations in place in 45 CFR part 46 subpart D, also titled "Additional Protections for Children ( Shamoo and Resnik, 200)." This is tied in with the previous legislation for children added in 1983. This again stipulates the need for the adults or guardians of a child to have the authorized consent for involvement in research. This also explains that the child may also be required to give his assent or permission to be allowed to participate, but this is not always the case. They must also classify each research proposal into a certain category depending on the nature of the study and its subparts. These categories are based on the basis of risk with the first one being of very minimal research risk. The next category is some risk with some benefit to the child and the third one is some risk with no benefit to the child. The third one requires the IRB's to, "consider whether the risk is a minor increase over minimal risk (Shamoo and Resnik, 200)." Then we finally have the fourth category with considerably risk with no benefits to the experiments. These are usually very hard to pass through the board and must try to prove that the eventual beneficiary outcomes outweigh the potential risks.
The National Institutes of Health or NIH also eventually went on to add their own policy including children while still adhering to 45 CFR 46. Their background explanation explains that, "The policy was developed because medical treatments applied to children are often based upon testing done only in adults, and scientifically evaluated treatments are less available to children due to barriers to their inclusion in research studies (NIH, 1)." This was made to companion the FDA's passage of the pharmaceutical act which supports research on children in all aspects unless it is unethical or dangerous. This policy goes on to explain that researchers must make a section solely for the child. They must also explain his reasoning for including the child in research and how the experimenter will go about doing this. He must also explain the procedure, the facilities used, and the age of children wanted for the research. A committee then evaluates the proposal and either passes or dismisses the research (NIH, 1). Children's rights in experiments have come a long way from what was in place as little as 50 years ago. A lot has been accomplished, but new sophisticated methods and technology has arisen that once again puts children at risk.
As a vulnerable population, children are at risk consistently throughout their lives. As new technologies arise, so do new problems children are faced with. With the new found glory of the internet, the way people live their lives has changed. The internet has changed the way people function from running businesses to making a living. It also gives researches a broader audience to administer their experiments on and to attain more data then was ever possible before. This audience however also includes children which may not understand what they are getting themselves into while playing around on the internet. There are no real guidelines set up to protect children and this lack of coverage does not seem to alarm many as of yet. If anything experimenters may not even consider this a real problem in terms of safety. Things on the internet can be faked and plagiarized with the simplest of ease. Children may forge consent forms or all together skip the process and pretend to be of age. There have been developments in the protection of children on the internet. As of 2001, "The Children's Internet Protection Act" has put in place to protect children on the internet. However, this mostly protects children against pornography, obscenities, other things considered dangerous for a child to view (NSBF, 1). No real stipulations have really been put into place for the protection of the exploitation of children in research or in studies. Sadly, a tragedy or outrage is probably what it will take to bring the real attention this deserves just like in the early 1900's. Another problem plaguing this research is that there is a lack of validity involved when doing internet studies. Many times children even in the very most controlled studies seem to have a problem doing a certain task. Over the internet there would probably be even more cohorts and external variables interfering with the data collection process.
Also the new passage of the FDA's pharmaceutical children's act is now also a new area of concern for modern biomedical research done on children. Although it is a good idea to have correct dosages applied to children's prescriptions, there are risks involved when including children in such clinical trials. Memories of the past vaccines that killed numerous children are also invoked with this new act. The FDA is not a group such as the IRB and does not require that informed consent be attained from the parent or child (CDER, Section 9). This is a huge setback considering all the work it took to have the current laws in place to protect such a thing. The FDA is not required to adhere to the guidelines set down by 45 CFR46 which has many activists fuming, but has some companies in smiles. Placebo control groups are also acceptable if there is a lack of other results or previous groups to compare it too (CDER, Section 9). This is an ethical issue simply because how can you not treat a child who may possibly benefit from the medication in question. If the child ends up dying from the lack of treatment, is it still considered positive if it saves millions of others? Hardly, these along with the rest of the previous examples have proven to be huge issues that have arisen with the new passage of the act. It is not all negative though, the act does try to accomplish something inherently good by making companies better prescribe dosages better suited for children. It is the techniques and methods that need to be tweaked before optimum benefits can be reached from such a provision.
Children rights in research has come a long way from being treated worse then animals. As being considered a vulnerable population, they constantly need the protection from the dangers that go along with research. Many people may have never really thought about children involved in research other then the parties involved in actual experimental research. They may reap the benefits without knowing the numerous amounts of laws that had to passed down to protect children. Ethical concerns have and always will be an issue when our children are involved. As new and more technological advancements in research methods develop, it is the responsibility of every true researcher to keep or create new guidelines in order to protect the future generation of experimenters.
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As far as weight loss is concerned there are hundreds, if not thousands, of different variables, all of which affect your ability to lose weight and influence how easy and efficient the process is (some are discussed HERE)
One of the major determinants of your ability to lose weight and how easily it occurs is your metabolic rate. Your metabolic rate is the energy expenditure that your body undergoes daily just to keep you alive, like eating, breathing, thinking and maintaining posture.
Unfortunately, there are many different factors that may cause a slowing of your metabolism. Often resulting in difficulty losing weight in a reasonable amount of time.
In this article, i'll discuss some of the most common reasons why your metabolic rate may be functioning at slower rates and ways to improve it for easier and more efficient weight loss.
Age-Related Estrogen Decline (in women)
One of the biggest culprits behind metabolic slowdown is certainly one that is almost entirely out of your control, i.e. age.
With age, comes a decrease in the estrogen produced by the ovaries, which is one of the major drivers of menopause. Unfortunately, estrogen is also tightly linked with the ability of your thyroid to function properly.
The thyroid is a gland that produces the thyroid hormones, such as T3 and T4. When released into circulation, these hormones act on many different tissues in the body to regulate metabolic rate.
In young, healthy individuals, these hormones act on cells to increase metabolism by regulating how (and how quickly), different macronutrients such as protein, carbohydrate and fat are metabolized. For e.g. having high thyroid hormone output can increase metabolism and lead to increased fat metabolism and thus, weight loss.
While many women at this time in their life will consider hormone replacement therapy (HRT), it isn't always appropriate or even necessary as a first line of defense. Before resorting to HRT, first try to begin moderating your nutrition intake and incorporating intense exercise.
When age-related metabolic slowdown occurs the food you eat will have a larger impact on your weight. For this reason, you'll need to focus primarily on the quality of your protein, vegetables and health fat intake to ensure that you are getting nutrients, but also not eating too frequently, in excess, which may result in weight gain.
You May Be Dieting Too Much
One of the biggest issues i've observed, after working with hundreds of clients, is that many people just diet far too hard, for way too long. As a result, metabolism adapts and weight loss feels impossible.
Under normal conditions, you have a metabolic rate that encompasses energy requirements of the body. This includes basal metabolic rate (BMR), the thermic effect of food and NEAT (non-exercise activity thermogenesis – energy expended during things like walking, cleaning, talking, fidgeting).
When you first start dieting, this metabolic rate is maintained for a given period of time. That's why if you restrict calories, you lose weight since you're burning more calories than you are consuming. Unfortunately, your metabolism doesn't care about reducing cellulite or slimming your tummy; it cares about keeping you alive.
When restricting calories for an extended period of time, your metabolism slows down in order to preserve excess energy expenditure, because it sees a calorie deficit as a famine of food or energy. So our body is now operating at a lowered metabolic rate, often making us feel lethargic, lacking in motivation, tired, grumpy and unable to concentrate properly.
In order to avoid metabolic slowdown, your best line of defense is to use make sure you are actually consuming enough food and energy, this can be achieved via carbohydrate cycling or "refeeds."
In essence, carbohydrate cycling simply means taking breaks from restricted carbohydrate intake so that you can avoid metabolic adaptation, and metabolism slow down.
There are many ways to use carbohydrate cycling. You can include 1-2 meals per week that are higher in carbohydrate, usually on higher intensity training days. OR after 2-3 weeks of low carbohydrate intake, you can increase carbohydrate intake for a period of a 2-5 days.
Upon completing this "refeed" meals or period of time, you can then return to the lower intake amount and continue losing weight.
A Note on Fasting & Exercise
The combination of intermittent fasting (IF) and high intensity training (HIT) cannot be overlooked when we are discussing metabolism, weight loss and its long term success.
IF is an absolute game changer for your health. Its benefits range through every single system within our body. Specifically, for weight loss, an increase in hormone sensitivity is achieved. Put simply, the messages (hormones) our body sends out get to their destination, will move faster and transmit their actions more effectively – remember our metabolism is controlled by thyroid hormones.
Additionally, our hunger and satiety hormones (ghrelin and leptin) are also better received, which means improved appetite regulation i.e. less cravings, less energy highs/lows, less "hangries".
IF directly drives fat oxidation (a fancy word for "fat burning"), this metabolic shift means we access to our own fat stores for energy, instead of quickly burning through glycogen (carbohydrate) stores and needing to eat every 2-3 hours to replenish. We have an abundance of fat stores (even in those that are slim) that can easily sustain our energy requirements for hours, and as a positive offset we start to see our body fat reduce.
HIT is essential for improving cardiovascular health and especially the strength training component helps to preserve lean muscle tissue, a very important consideration whilst attempting to lose weight. One of the most effective ways to increase and maintain your BMR is to get fitter and stronger. Not only that, when you exercise you improve your mood and reduce your stress, which means you are more likely lead to better food choices.
The benefits of exercise cannot be underestimated, not from simply an energy expenditure perspective, but a long-term metabolic improvement and sustained health results.
Why Your Metabolism May Be Sluggish
Certainly, some of the reasons why your metabolism is sluggish may be out of your control. Issues like age-related estrogen decline and subsequent reduced thyroid function are obviously not down to lifestyle choice.
However, you may be working against yourself if you've been dieting constantly for years, restricting calories and exercising too much. Please understand this is not your fault, unfortunately the messages that we have been told for far too long has been wrong!
Fortunately, there are some fairly simple solutions when it comes to adjusting your diet for a more efficient metabolism.
By using these methods described above or following our Fit Food Re-Start Program, you can improve your metabolism and start losing fat at a rapid rate.
Claire x

subset: commoncrawl


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Zoids Anime
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Index: Characters
Index: Zoids
Name List
Media Box
Model Kits
Custom Zoids
Action Figures
The Iron Bible
- HMM-033 Berserk Fuehrer
This has been a long time coming. I know I'm not the only one that waited for this Zoid to come out, and while it has some quirks it really has delivered with its reimagined design. I gotta give props to Kotobukiya.
I'll be doing this review in two parts. This first section will be geared towards the armorless Berserk Fuehrer, the basic body features, etc. Armor related features and my impression of the armor will be given in a separate section about half way through the review.
Plastic quality varies. The lavender was a lot more darker than I expected; I was pretty taken back. It is also leaning towards a pink hue, while the normal color is closer to a blue lavender hue. The silver has some marbling, but not much. In my opinion the black plastic is where they dropped the ball. It's the same dry black plastic used in a lot of their kits. If you make one wrong cut you'll lose an entire slab of plastic that just peels off when you try to accomodate for the cut.
-Extremely sturdy, NO falling parts on the armorless version
-Great articulation in the head, feet, arms, and tail
-Great balance, able to maintain a number of poses
-Black plastic is extremely brittle
-Legs cannot bend as far inwards as I'd prefer
-Center rib cage leaves a large gap when turned
-When the armor goes on it loses a lot of its balance and sulks in many poses
- Box Art
- Instructions
- Technical Data
Over-all Length: 22.70 m
Highest Point: 12.3 m
Weight: 127 t
Max Speed: 340 km/h
AZ 185mm Beam Cannon (inside Buster Claws)
Buster Claw (Blades on back)
Charged Particle Cannon (Mouth)
Electron Fangs (Teeth)
Strike Claws (Feet)
Strike Laser Claws (Hands)
Anchor (Back of feet)
Charged Particle Generator x3 (Tail panels)
High Maneuver Thruster (Back, black vents)
Ion Booster Pack (Back)
Magnezer E-Shield (Buster Claws)
Strike Smash Tail (Tail)
Vernier Thruster (Legs)
Gimmicks (Unarmed Berserk Fuehrer)
Berserk Fuehrer has beautiful red eyes which effectively capture light from outside sources. They open up with the cockpit, which flips backwards on a hinge in the back of the head. Inside, a small control console rotates outwards.
Mouth and Charged Particle Gun:
The large hinge on the animal's jaw can open the mouth. At first I thought these silver teeth were a little oversized, but it looks better in person. They have a wide range of motion and by default the Charged Particle Gun rests on the bottom of the jaw. You have to pull it upwards to 'extend' it and the rotation range is limited, but not bad.
The head has a slight range of motion up and down, enough for it to effectively nod. What interests me a bit more is that it can rotate from left to right. It's also on a peg that allows it to rotate all the way around (even upside down!) so you can get better poses from it.
The neck is able to rotate up and down but honestly, it's not much. Kind of a disappointing point of articulation.
Both shoulders can rotate inwards and outwards, both at the fronts and vertically. It starts off a series of excellent articulations in the arm.
The arm has a lot of articulation. Below the shoulder, the large circular section can rotate almost all the way around. This allows the arms to turn completely inwards. The forearm also rotates at the elbow. The range of motion here is wonderful.
The hand can rotate up and down at the wrist. Each claw is also separately articulated with a good range of motion.
The mid section of the body as a much wider range of motion than almost any other Zoid I've come across. I was really impressed. What let me down was that the second rib leaves a
gap in the side that is turned away. I still am impressed by the interlocked panels, though. They really help to hide the points of articulation that normally make a Zoid like malnurished.
The thighs really don't have a good inwards/outwards range of motion. They can rotate more or less 360 degrees around, though, so that definitely gives it an advantage.
The knee is a small oval shaped section that can flip forward or bend backwards. I don't necessarily like the knee being separately articulated. Most of the time I just leave it folded up. You can never have too many gimmicks, but I do feel that it was a little bit unnecessary.
The mid section of the leg can fold almost flat against the back of the thigh. Excellent~ It really improves the number of positions that the leg can achieve. The lower section of the leg can also fold pretty closely to the rest of the leg, which you'll see in the last two pictures.
The feet have a couple of different articulation points. Half way through the foot, right where the toes begin the foot bends in an arch. This is ... mildly- annoying to someone that doesn't use a stand, but for a stand I bet that it makes poses much more dynamic. What's really impressive is that the toes section can rotate 360 degrees around, so the toes can stand flat on the ground no matter what angle the legs are at. I was really happy to see this, since so many earlier designs had a problem of not being grounded. What is disappointing, though, is that the toes are not separately articulated, but I think the rotation makes up for it.
The tail rotates up and down where it connects to the body. This is a welcome addition, not many rexes take the time to do this. The segments are individually able to rotate left and right to a limited extent, shown in the photos above. Also note the new concealed weapon in the end of the tail. Well, concealed when the armor is on.
The core is something I usually forget. For how lose it sets into the chest I'm amazed it stays in there, but it does.
Gimmicks (Armored Berserk Fuehrer)
The armored Fury fixes a lot of the funky anatomy mistakes visible on the armorless version, but it's still got some proportional issues. Nonetheless, I love this Zoid and its easily one of my favorites. The real down side is that once the armor goes on the Zoid loses a LOT of its flexibility. The armor is simply too heavy for it to hold up properly so a lot of the poses that the original unarmored version was able to achieve will cause the armored version to simply sulk/fall to the ground.
While the black portion of the cockpit flips backwards the armor portion flips forwards. This is a cool cockpit design, and adds a lot.
Panels on the top and bottom of the neck flip outwards. This is meant to be used in conjunction with the charged particle gun.
Leg Thrusters:
With the armor adds the thrusters on the back of the legs. If you flip open the panels you can see the thrusters on the inside.
Each segment on the tail has two flaps that open up away from the tail. It also conceals the knife set and gun in the end of it.
Back Thrusters:
The boosters on the back can open up, but the pieces that define them are very thin. For some reason this feels a little empty. It'd have been nice if there was some sort of panel in the middle, but it's still got a nice amount of detail. They also rotate a wide range.
Buster Blade Arms:
As always these have an absurd amount of articulation. They rotate upwards from the back of the thruster unit. At the end of that section is another arm piece which can spin in a full circle and rotate. An equally articulate piece is at the end of that. At the end of that, yet another piece that can move on a hinge, and finally, the base of the clamps which can rotate in a full circle at the connection point.
Buster Blades:
The blades themselves are quite cool. The protrusions are exagerated from the original motorized version but still look quite menacing. They can rotate at the base so that these protrusions face inwards or outwards. Then there is a small middle section, which allows the blades to flip outwards either straight, or slightly outwards with the main blade still facing forwards. A barrel is in the center of all three blades.
� 1983-2010 TakaraTomy � ShoPro (Zoids is a trademark of the TakaraTomy Company,Ltd)
Terms of Service


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We often get asked how do you get that building into my backyard.
The answer, like many things in life, is: It depends.
We have two main options for delivery, depending on the building you are buying. We will either deliver the building pre-built or we will build it on your site.
1. Pre-built.
Many of our buildings get delivered pre-built. We build these buildings here at our shop near Plain City, OH and haul them to your backyard.
There are several things that determine whether we can deliver your building like this.
a. What size building do you need? Because different style buildings have different size overhangs, the size we can deliver varies by style. Generally 10' wide buildings can be delivered and, in some styles, 12' wide. Keep in mind that this is the width; the length can be up to 28' or more.
b. Can we access your backyard? Each property is different, so we will be asking questions about distances between buildings, gates and terrain.
Keep in mind that we do not need to get our truck in your yard to deliver a building. We have the "Mule Delivery System" (see picture below). This allows us to get in much tighter spots than we could ever get the truck and trailer. The Mule also is much lighter and has lower pressure tires so it treads much lighter on your lawn. The mule leaves no more tracks than an average size riding lawn mower would leave on your lawn.
2. On-Site Construction.
While our state of the art equipment and experienced, talented drivers can deliver to many back yards, there are some spots we just can't get to and some buildings that are too large to take down the road.
For those cases, we have an on-site building crew.
If we are building in your backyard, we still use the same construction; we just build in your backyard instead of in our shop.
We pre-build many of the components of your building and bring them to your site.
Our onsite crew is made up of experienced, fully insured employees, not subcontractors.
The truck is stocked with all the tools the crew will need to build your building so they are completely self-contained.
There are a few considerations to keep in mind regarding your built on-site sheds.
a. On the smaller buildings, there is a $100. charge for building on-site (we need to bring 3 people to your site instead of 1).
b. On-site built buildings do not come painted. Our high pressure paint sprayers can make real issues in your backyard. Don't ask how we know.
c. Even though we do as much of the prep work as possible, building on-site can take anywhere from a few hours to a full day+ depending on the building style and size.
d. If your building site is more than 150' from where we can park our truck, there may be an additional carrying charge.
The bottom line is we have several options to get that building to the perfect spot in your backyard.


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EPS Geofoam is used in ground fill applications where a light-weight fill
material is required to reduce stresses on underlying soils. Projects
involving roads, bridge approach fills, embankments, levees, berms, foundations,
landscaping, etc., can benefit from the use of TerraLite Geofoam.
Traditional earth materials used as fill are heavy and can cause undesirable
settlement or instability in underlying soils. Other fill materials such
as foamed concrete, waste tires, wood chips, wood fiber, etc., have higher
densities, are variable in their make-up and are not engineered due to
field execution variables. They also have limitations in handling and
can be weather sensitive. Both earth and these fill materials may require
staged construction, pre loading and surcharging, draining, etc.
TerraLite Geofoam contains Perform Guard®.* Perform Guard is a patented
material** which is manufactured by infusing a natural mineral that resists
termites and carpenter ants into the finished product.
TerraLite is unaffected by normally occurring weather at time of installation
and will retain its physical properties under pre-engineered conditions
of use. TerraLite™ is made under a Quality Assured manufacturing process
monitored by a third party laboratory.
*Tested against termites and carpenter ants. Manufacturer has specific
species on file. Perform Guard is a registered trademark of the AFM Corporation.
**Protected under U.S. Patents No. 5,194,323 and No. 5,720,108. Other
U.S. and Foreign Patents Pending. ©1997 AFM Corporation.
Safe: TerraLite Geofoam contains no CFC's, HCFC 's, HFC's, or formaldehyde.
It is inert, non-nutritive and highly stable. It will not decompose, decay,
or produce undesirable gases or leachates. TerraLite is recyclable and
safe for WTE Systems and landfills.
Limitations and Cautions: TerraLite Geofoam
stands up well to normal weather conditions encountered during installation.
Long-term (6 months or greater) exposure to UV radiation will cause discoloration.
Material should be covered as soon as practical. TerraLite Geofoam is
unaffected by freeze thaw cycling, moisture, or road salts. Protect TerraLite™
from exposure to hydrocarbons, highly solvent extended mastics and coal
tar pitch. TerraLite™ contains a flame retardant additive; however, it
should be considered combustible and should not be exposed to open flame
or any source of ignition.
Applicable Standards: TerraLite Geofoam can
be manufactured to the following standards: ASTM C 578 (superseding FS
HH-I-524c), CAN CGSB 51.20, UL723 (ASTM E 84), ULC S102.2, ASTM D6817.
Technical Data: See Table 1 for typical physical
properties of TerraLite Geofoam.
See Graph
1 for short-term loading stress-strain curves for various densities of
TerraLite Geofoam. Values in Graph 1 are for EPS tested in accordance
with ASTM D 1621.
Table 1
Technical Design Notes: Reference Density Section on Table1. TerraLite
Geofoam should be designed with the following density modifications when
bulk water will be present in the in situ condition:
In conditions where TerraLite Geofoam is periodically subjected to submergence
from fluctuating ground water, the density of the Geofoam may increase
by 30 kg/m3 (1.87 lb/ft3).
In conditions where TerraLite Geofoam is continually below ground water,
the density of Geofoam may increase by 80 kg/m3 (5.00 lb/ft3).
These design recommendations are based on potential water absorption
and the effects on density when analyzing cases involving downward loading.
For analysis cases involving uplift loading, the nominal dry density given
in Table 1 should be utilized. TerraLite Geofoam physical properties are
unaffected by water.
Short-term load stress-strain curves are provided in Graph 1. Long-term
design loads should not exceed the linearly elastic range of TerraLite Geofoam.
Design load stresses should not exceed 1% strain of combined live and
dead loads.
Installation: TerraLite Geofoam is commonly
used in the following applications. Other engineered applications may
also be appropriate.
Transportation Earth Works
For most applications the following guidelines apply. Additional guidelines
for specific applications should be developed by the design engineer.
The information contained herein is, to the best of GeoTech's knowledge,
accurate and reliable as of August 1998. Freedom from patents of GeoTech
or others is not to be inferred. For any information that may have been
developed subsequent to August 1998, consult the nearest GeoTech sales office.


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Natural Skin Care Kit Anti Aging For Wrinkles Anti Wrinkle Complete Set of 6
*Click on images for a scrolling zoomed view. To see the entire still image, right-click your mouse and select "View Image".
This Kit saves you $45.73 off the retail price of these 6 products combined (a hefty 25% savings)!
1. Facial Glow Cleanser
What it does:
This 100% natural Cleanser, Scrub, and Mask allows you to use it in a versatile way to treat whatever your skin problems currently are, and keep your skin looking radiant every day. Using the gentle bleaching, deep cleansing, and pore shrinking properties of these customized all-natural ingredients, your skin will have a squeaky clean and dramatic glow! The lips become rosier, softer, plump and fully-hydrated after using this transformative skin whitening soap! I send out a "1-time-use free sample" of this powder in every customer package- that's how much I believe in it's gorgeous, immediate results! One try... and you've discovered the greatest All-in-one face cleanser ever created for YOUR skin!
2. Natural Toner For Dry Skin
What it does:
This is a 100% alcohol-free NATURAL face toner. The unique floral botanicals and herbs chosen for this toner are specifically suited to nourish, moisturize, and soothe irritated or dry skin. It helps the skin to establish and maintain a healthy PH level balance, as well as beautify the skin overall. These herbs are anti-inflammatory, redness reducing, humectant (water attractors), and also create an invisible barrier of moisturizing skin protection, which helps to prevent dry-out. This face toner is a daily mini-peel, with gentle acids that are ideal for helping the body to plump, tone, and increase collagen production for dry or aging skin types. No visible peeling occurs. It's so simple and fast -that even busy people can incorporate this amazingly natural "All-in-1 daily facial" into their skin care routine!
3. Rebuilding Lip Plumper
What it does:
This 100% natural serum sinks deeply into all 7 layers of the skin (only one rare ingredient can do that)! It micro-delivers beneficial nutrients into deep-tissues on a cellular level, effectively boosting the body's own collagen production from the inside! This lip rebuilding treatment promotes rapid new cell production on the inside AND outside of the lips! An added benefit of new cell production is self-exfoliating lips, much like the lips that children have- always plump, soft, and never chapped! This natural product is revolutionary, and replaces lip injections- naturally! It's even safe to use on wrinkles around the mouth- on the smile lines, chin, neck, or other lower-face areas- that have lost their natural underlying collagen! No more injections in those zones! I use it on my lower face, too!
4. Eye Wrinkles and Bags Serum
What it does:
This concentrated natural serum sinks in deeply, to micro-deliver fast-working nutrients on a cellular level. Creates a soothing, cooling sensation, moisturizes the delicate skin of the eyes, and leaves behind no film residue! This product helps the body rebuild it's natural collagen stores on a cellular level!
5. Natural SPF 50 Beauty Oil (your "Day Moisturizer")
What it does:
(This has the same traits as the Anti-Aging Oil Moisturizer that you would use at night- listed below- with the inclusion of a natural SPF ingredient for daytime skin protection.)
6. Anti-Aging Oil Moisturizer (your "Night Moisturizer")
What it does:
This is a max-concentrate oil moisturizer to help the body rejuvenate, fighting all the signs of aging. It's the most comprehensive All-in-1 beauty oil out there- with natural, and even Organic ingredients! It contains proven resurfacing acids that are the gentlest acids for the skin, and this is formulated to be safe for daily use, even twice daily! These acids stimulate collagen production deep inside the skin- even ideal for dry skin- as one ingredient is famous for being able to hold more water than any other natural substance on earth- an unmatched cellular humectant (water-attractor) that promotes smoother, softer, skin with decreased wrinkles! This is a delightful oil formula that sinks into skin 100%, and it's immediate! You will also immediately see it's super-concentrated anti-dark spot agents effect the skin- achieving a new level of even-toned radiant glow for your skin! This helps the skin to gradually repair and remove many types of blemishes- all at once- like: fine or deep wrinkles, loose sagging skin, large pores, blackheads, postules and bumps deep within the skin, red or growing acne, dark acne scar discolorations, acne scar indented pitting, age spots, freckles, sun spots, other skin hyperpigmentations, overall puffy facial skin, small skin tags, gray lips, wrinkled or chapped lips, and wrinkled or spotted neck or hand skin! Every day is a "beauty facial" with this amazing multi-tasking oil! This oil also helps the body to achieve rapid and scarless wound healing, because it super-charges the healthy formation of new and dividing cells faster than any other moisturizer- naturally! This oil has ideal ingredients for your anti-aging skincare routine to be productive and rewarding- just moisturizing your face!
*Please visit the individual pages of each product included for more details.
Prices subject to change with inflation (so stock up now)!
This natural kit product's statements and this product have not been evaluated by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), and are not intended to treat, cure, or diagnose disease.
There are testimonials for these products, however, individual results may vary.
My Service vs. Others:
1. IT'S PERSONAL. My hand-made, highly controlled small-batch, potent-quality, finest-ingredients products come from my house- to yours! I am the inventor. The person selling it- is the person making it- is the person shipping it- is the person in the "BEFORE & AFTER" photographs (or my family)! And if you e-mail for help, I'm personally there for you- every step of the way! Are other products/companies this personal?
2. HELP OTHERS. Customers can come back to THIS "manufacturer" to give their personal thanks, testimonials, feedback, and recommendations! Because I use my products, I see them from a customer's viewpoint, and I value my customers. My customers/product fans can also change people's lives- by personally referring them to these products, posting their "Before and After" photos, blogging, or creating video reviews!
3. BEFORE & AFTER PICS. Must-see "Before and After" photos from me, my family, and happy customers- are a one-of-a-kind endorsement about these beauty products! Finally... tried-and-true beauty products for you!
4. YOUR 1-STOP-SHOP. Make sure to look at all my various 100% natural hair growth promoting products for different needs! I have many natural "must-have" skin products, too! I'm coming out with new products for the hands, nails, and body! Check my MODELS WANTED tab to find out how to get, and model- tester products for free!
5. ETHICAL. When you buy from me, you're supporting "the little guy" and a family! This is a female-owned small business. I'm an American, and I go to great lengths to buy my supplies within the USA. I buy Organic whenever possible. Zero animal testing. No GMO, soy, artificial anything, or potentially toxic chemicals. On a personal level, I have strong moral standards and convictions. You can trust me from the quality, reliability, and faithful purity standards of my products.
6. DISCREET SHIPPING: My packages don't explain the contents. The label has my address and your address, that's all.
7. EXPERIENCED. I've spent over a decade tracking down the best version of such-and-such ingredient, and very purposefully omitting others. There are low-quality imitations of these special ingredients out there- bad stuff that you wouldn't even know to avoid! I've found the finest brands and forms of all my super-concentrated ingredients, and I pay top-dollar for Organic ingredients! All my products are non-comedogenic, designed for acne-prone skin, no beeswax, great for people that suffer from nut allergies (no nuts, nut oils, or nut shells), no soy, no perfumes, no chemicals commonly found in beauty products, glass bottles are preferred over plastic ones, and pregnant women and children are discussed in the "Who It's For" section at the top of each product page!
8. HOLISTIC PLANTS. You know how almost all products out there... have only 1 or 2 "Active Ingredients"? They can take forever to work, or be so diluted with chemicals that they never do work! My products? These specially-chosen herbs help your body to heal itself in all the layers of tissue- holistically! This is why my natural products have such loyal customers! Get completely devoted- to something that's natural, and worthy!
9. GIFT-WRAPPED. I gift-wrap your order! Full instructions (that are detailed and "fool proof") arrive with your package, also, of course!
10. SATISFACTION GUARANTEE. If you're not satisfied with this product within 30 days- you have my 100% Money-Back Guarantee!
11. EXCLUSIVE BENEFITS. Customers who "Accept advertising" (at check-out), or sign up for my e-mail Newsletter (on "Home" page, lower right)- will receive exclusive offers for FREE products, Coupon Codes, incoming pic alerts, and other special perks by joining my e-mail Newsletter! I typically send out 2 "must-open" Newsletter e-mails a week!
Accepted Payment Methods:
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USA orders are Free! (Package will typically arrive in 4 business days.)
OPTIONAL: $30 2-Day Express shipping (arrives in 2 business days or less)
NON-USA International orders have a $15 flat shipping fee. (Package can take up to 6 weeks to arrive from ship-out date.)
OPTIONAL: $106.00 5-Day Express International shipping (arrives in 5 business days or less, highly recommended)
Cut-off time for next-day shipments is 5pm EST.
All orders are shipped out next-business-day, Monday- Friday. Shipping is not offered on Saturdays. If your order is placed on a weekend or USA national holiday, your package will go out the next available business day.
Tracking #'s are uploaded the evening of the shipment day, before 12 midnight EST. You will get an automated e-mail alert when I upload the tracking #, stating that the status of your order is "shipped" and the tracking number.
FREE shipping for USA orders! *Click "Shipping" tab above- for all choices, prices & arrival timelines!
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Torino Curved Electric Fireplace Free Standing Portable Space Heater Stove
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With the Torino electric stove by Gibson, you won't have to worry about chimney fires, expensive fuel and messy ashes of a real wood stove. This free standing electric stove delivers a classic front and dancing flame in a small package.
No installation needed – just place it where you want and plug it in to any standard household outlet. This makes it perfect for use in sun room, offices, family rooms or anywhere you need extra heat.
Equipped with a 1,500-Watt fan-forced heater, you can reduce your central furnace temperature and cut your heating cost. The Torino flame is enhanced by the realistic matte black finish and subtle chrome highlights.
You will love the Torino's powerful heater on chilly nights; it can warm a room up to 400 sq. ft. and stays cool to the touch so children and pets stay safe. You can also use this stove without the heater for year-round enjoyment.
- Model number: GL4050
- Freestanding smokeless & ventless electric fireplace stove
- 3 settings of high, low, and no heat (only flame effect)
- Control flame and heat as you desire
- 1,500 Watts
- Warms area up to 400 sq. ft.
- Power consumption with the flame effect only is about 2.5W per hour
- Comes with convenient 2.3M long cord
- Dimensions: 11 x 23 x 22 inches
- Weight: 23 pounds
- Learn more


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Great Split Floor Plan! 4 bedroom 2 bath. Great neighborhood! Living room and formal dining room. Large master bedroom with sitting area. Master bath has separate tub and shower with duel sinks and a large walk in closet. N/S exposure. Great Location near the Phoenix raceway, interstate 10, major retail, GOLF, lots of entertainment attractions, Cardinal stadium, spring training and the all new and upcoming Diamond West Casino!!!
Listing courtesy of HomeSmart.
All information should be verified by the recipient and none is guaranteed as accurate by ARMLS. Copyright 2019 Arizona Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc. All rights reserved.


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The courses help participants understand and develop the additional advanced leadership skills needed to succeed in business today. Participants learn important leadership competencies, including: coaching individuals to achieve their potential, managing change at the personal and organizational level, delivering effective performance feedback and creating personal and organizational accountability. A strong theoretical framework is taught with key models practiced during the sessions. A variety of activities, assessments and initiatives are used in each session to fully engage everyone in the learning process. This course uses a highly interactive teaching style, combining discussions of relevant theory with practical psychological assessments, practice simulations and team initiatives to create a rich and engaging learning environment.
Get in touch.


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Skin Care
Intimal Hygiene
To maintain natural equilibrium of intimal area and apply some measures and good habits of care and hygiene is the best way to prevent vaginal irritations and infections. Although it is necessary to consult a specialist that will indicate the most appropriate type of product for every person, it is important to consider those who have actives with certain anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory action and components that hydrate and do not cause irritation.
- An intimal hygiene recommended is that performed once or twice a day following indications for use of product chosen, especially during the menstrual period.
- Always choose cotton underwear that promotes ventilation and perspiration of intimal zone.
- Dry well yourself after swimming, and try not no maintain the swimsuit wet and worn for a long period of time.
- It is also recommended to perform a cleaning of anal area from front to back, mainly in babies and children.
- Wash your hands before and after going to restroom.
Always search products made specifically for intimal zone that contain components that do not cause irritation and which are smooth, it is always a good advice. Vagigel® Intimal Hygiene is indicated for daily use and is equally effective during the menstrual period and after having an intercourse.
Vagigel® Hydrant is a gel recommended in cases of dryness and after an infection.


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Los Angeles post-hardcore band Silver Snakes have release a lyric video for their song "Raindance", which you can watch below.
"Raindance" is taken from Silver Snakes' upcoming album Saboteur, which will be released on February 5th, 2016 via Evil Ink Records (U.S.) and Pelagic Records (Europe) and is available for pre-order here.
Add Silver Snakes to My Radar


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Wind Gap PA Locksmith
We are local Lehigh Valley PA Locksmith company serving Wind Gap PA: 18091, and surrounding area. More over, we have been serving Wind Gap many years, helping our customers to unlock a car, cutting new auto keys, re-keying locks, and more.
In order to keep your efficient service in our mobile locksmiths, we stock wide inventory of automotive, residential and commercial security products. In other words, we drive to any location in Wind Gap, and the surrounding area. And with this intention, if you've lost your keys and need an emergency auto locksmith to make a new key to your car in Gap Diner, we are glad to help.
For your convenience, we provide 24/7 emergency and non-emergency locksmith services. You can rest assure that any time you contact us, we'll answer your call, day or night. When you need a professional locksmith service in Wind Gap PA, please call us.
In the light of emergency locksmith service, fast response is our first priority. For instance; we offer 20 minutes response time to any emergency locksmith service. That is to say, you no longer need to wait for a locksmith to arrive after long time.
When you lock yourself out of your home, or your key broke inside the locks, it's not a pleasant moment, especially when you stuck out in the cold. It could be even worse if at the same time, you're also in a hurry. But it's not the end of the world because we can help.
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After a lot of nagging from my Mom, Daddy A and I finally made time to look for a Christmas dress for The Princess. We've been avoiding malls for weeks now because we don't want to get caught in the Christmas rush. I hate crowded places. However, as much as I'd like to stay away from the Christmas crowd, I was forced to go out of the house, drive through the congested roads of the Metro, and shop with hundreds – if not thousands – of people. It's our little girl's first Christmas and my Mom insists that it should be made extra special for her. And, to make it extra special, she needs a beautiful Christmas dress. It's my baby girl we're talking about so I couldn't say no.
Looking for the perfect dress gave me a headache, but it was worth it. After walking around for hours, we finally found the cutest dress ever. The Princess was all smiles when we let her try the red and white dress. She even posed for a few shots for me and giggled when I showed her the photos.
Christmas shopping almost done! We have yet to buy gifts for Kelly and our other godchildren. Stressful! …but fun. Are you done with yours?


text: The fifth release by Cyrus Alderwood takes a turn back to the horror genre, a request that's been coming from Alderwood's readers for the past two years. Dark Places is now available on Amazon, $9.95 in paperback and $3.99 on Kindle. Click on the cover below to go to Amazon!


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Design & Technology for Sport
A brand, user experience and interface design system for all of Australian Rugby. This first release delivers the governing body web site, a linchpin that brings all facets of the game and its diverse audiences together.Visit Site
Headlining Stars Squad is Starmoji, allowing fans a fun experience creating a cartoon likeness of themselves. Once built, fans can share their Starmoji as personalised playing cards and posters.Visit site
We're helping the Vixens connect with fans through news, video, tickets, memberships, match day and beyond. The Vixens use TeamKit, our own proprietary web site platform that's purpose built for today's professional clubs.visit site
Delivering consistent and clear match day content simultaneously on hundreds of stadium screens is no easy feat. Key to success was the development of a visual design system that ensured clarity of match, both informative yet visually compelling.
Super Netball is the bold, professional league for Netball in Australia. The site honours the league's positioning, and through many innovative touches, it also showcases the teams and players in each of their respective brands.Visit Site
Bringing together eight professional teams, three state associations and the governing body into a single membership platform. An innovative approach to UX and design created a seamless experience for fans as well as a unique site for each entity.


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If you live in Marion, OH, auto glass repairs are available from the skilled team at Eric's Auto Glass & Windshield Repair. We've been certified by the National Glass Association, and our services are approved by all insurance companies. If your vehicle has been damaged, let us restore it to its previous condition and make sure its long-term value remains high. We offer same-day and mobile services, and our Delaware, OH}, technicians know how to finish a repair without encountering any complications or setbacks.
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Just last week, the Minister of Education Prof. Ruquayyatu Ahmed Rufa'i and her counterpart the Minister of State for Education Chief Nyesom Wike at a summit in Abuj,a presented a fresh agenda for the transformation of education in Nigeria.
The blue print which is a four-year strategic plan is to be implemented over a period of four years (2011-2015) and is in line with President Goodluck Jonathan's Transformation Agenda running from through same time frame.
Leading up to the education transformation blueprint was a one-day retreat on President Goodluck Jonathan's Transformation Agenda (2011-2015) for ministry's directorate staff, heads of parastatals and agencies, as well as Vice Chancellors, Rectors, Provosts and Principals of Unity Colleges in Abuja, which followed the two-day Presidential Retreat for Ministers held earlier.
The ministers were expected to disseminate key messages from the retreat to the officers in their ministries. The idea was also to get everyone acquainted with the transformation agenda so as to buy into it. Rufai had rightly argued that it was logical that national transformation began with education.
It will be recalled that after the appointment of his ministers, Jonathan had tasked them to articulate short-term plans that could be implemented within one year. That prompted Rufa'i to come up with year's strategy for the sector which terminated in April this year. In essence, the four-year strategic plan launched last week is a logical extension to the one-year strategy.
Taking into consideration the pitfalls of previous plans the new Roadmap has been drawn from the recommendations of the presidential task team on Education with measurable targets and timelines.
In addition to Access and Equity, Standards and Quality Assurance, Technical and Vocational Education, Education and Training, as well as Funding and Resource Mobilisation as priority areas, two new areas, Strengthening the Institutional Management of Education and Teacher Education and Development have been added to the Road map, with Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET), guidance and counseling, as well as quality assurance receiving greater attention. To ensure the later, a National Education Quality Assurance Commission in on the way.
The national vision (20: 2020) remains the same. There is a National Implementation Plan (NIP) 2010 – 2013. The transformation agenda is for 2011 – 2015, with Key Policies, Programmes and Projects (KPPPs), as well as Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
These are all well and good, but the task before the president and his ministers is huge.
Although the Minister of State for Education, Chief Ezebunwo Nyesom Wike had rightly pointed out that, "as heads and line managers of the various directorates and parastatals of the ministry, the responsibility to translate the Presidency's visionary directive into reality falls on participants at the retreat", the most critical of tasks ahead is convincing Nigerians that 'Transformation Agenda' is not another buzzword and get their support. As the Minister/Deputy Chairman of the National Planning Commission, Dr. Shamsuddeen Usman noted at the presidential retreat, Nigerians cannot be blamed for being cynical haven been disappointed many times before.
One of the speakers at that retreat, Executive Secretary of the Education Trust Fund (ETF), Prof. Mahmood Yakubu, however, described Jonathan's transformation agenda as "very well articulated" and "the most comprehensive in our recent history." Speaking on behalf of herself and the minister of state, Rufa'i said they "are ready and prepared to provide quality leadership and political will to move the education sector towards the path of growth and development, in line with Mr. President's Transformation Agenda and the expectations of the good citizens of Nigeria." Nothing else would do.
We have been told not to despair or lament. Indeed, another speaker and Executive Secretary of the Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council (NERDC), Prof. Godswill Obioma said "we bemoan the past. This is not in the spirit of transformation." I am sure Nigerians are tired of the lamentations and would want to see the transformation too. Or haven't we been described as 'easy to govern' and 'people with few needs'? As the Permanent Secretary, Prof. Nicholas Damachi noted in his welcome address, let "the percolation of the transformation" commence in earnest with transparency, accountability and rejection of corrupt practices, as two other speakers, Profs. Steve Okecha and Duro Ajeyalemi noted from papers presented at the presidential retreat.
We need to celebrate hope and progress because the signing of the Education Trust Fund
(ETF) Amended Act, it now means that the Fund would only intervene in the funding of tertiary education. This, as the minister said, would address most of the funding challenges of this sub-sector, but she did not add "if available funds are not judiciously used." We will continue to hope and pray.
With the launching of the four-year plan document last week, it can be said that the implementation of the plan is on course. More than ever, the federal government is now paying serious attention to the infrastructure deficit in most of its Universities. Funds have been released to some of the universities to this effect in the last one year. University of Nigeria Nsukka, for instance, was reportedly allocated a life wire amounting to N5bn, same applies to University of Port Harcourt.
In order to open up more admission spaces to the millions of secondary school leavers that seek admission into Nigerian Universities every year but who end up getting frustrated because of the limited spaces available, the federal government has also established nine new universities located in States where there was no federal University in existence. Most of the Universities have already commenced academic activities. It is perhaps the first time as many as nine federal Universities have been established at one fell swoop, thereby, giving hope to the Nigerian youth who otherwise would have been denied University education for how long no one can tell.
Another indication that the federal government is no longer prepared to tolerate the instability that has bedeviled University education in the country for many years, was the decision to amend the law on Retirement age for Professors with an extension to 70 years from the previous 65years. President Goodluck Jonathan has just signed the amended law. The issue has remained in the front burner for many years, and has featured in nearly all Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) demands as condition for calling off various strikes. This action has been welcomed by ASUU and morale is already high among the academic community judging from feelers from the University campuses.
Though the 4-year strategic plan has just been launched, there are strong reasons to believe that government appears to be eager to push the implementation of the plan. Last week, President Jonathan inaugurated a committee on Post- Graduate Scholarship. He said that the country needs well trained professionals in several sectors if she hopes to transform and urged the committee to select beneficiaries only on merit.
Also while reviewing report on the crises that rocked the University of Abuja last week, the president directed that all unqualified students imposed on the institution by politicians should be returned to them even as he gave his support to the closure of unaccredited programmes in the institution. With these moves it is becoming clearer by the day that it is no longer going to be business as usual in our Ivory Towers.
The implementation of the strategic plan is also gearing up in the lower levels of education. A signpost to this was the recent launch of the Almajiri education programme aimed at removing over nine million Nigerian children of the Northern extraction from the streets. The Vice President Namadi Sambo seemed very elated by the successful take-off of the programme, advocated its replication with some adjustments in the S' East geo-political zone, where he said the rate of school dropout has reached an alarming proportion.
Assuring Nigerians at the unveiling of the plan last week Ruquayyatu said that the plan represents the education component of President Goodluck Jonathan's transformation agenda.
"We must return our institutions to their years of glory when they produced individuals who are today directing affairs in diverse organisations all over the world," she said.
"We as parents are proud of the type of education that we received from our institutions during our school years.
"From certain indications, it seems that focus was lost somewhat, which brought about challenges of quality delivery and output in our institutions.
"I promise you, fellow Nigerians, that the 4-Year Strategic Plan for the Development of the Education Sector, will address these shortcomings," she added.
According to her, key areas of the plan include guidance and counselling, teacher development needs assessment and teacher professional development, Monitoring of learning achievement, and quality assurance.
With on-going construction of 102 model schools for Almajiri's, she said, the federal government is "moving to the South-East to launch the campaign to target the challenge of Boy-Child education."
She said that special schools are already being constructed targeted at girl education at a cost of over N2 billion.
In addition, Rufa'i said that the document earmarked about N15 billion to the construction of new laboratories and rehabilitation of old ones in the 51 public polytechnics across the country.
If the present tempo of implementation of the strategic plan is maintained, there is no doubt that the education sector will lead the way in the overall transformation agenda of President Goodluck Jonathan.
Dr. Desmond Osueke


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Brighton resident suggests a 'paradigm change' for governments
Deepak Seth • Community member, Editorial Board • May 27, 2008
Traditionally, attempts to balance government budgets have focused on the axiom: Raise taxes and/or cut staff and services. This generally raises the hackles of people on both sides of the ideological and political divide and ends up with muddled measures that do not balance the budget.
I would suggest a paradigm change: Raise revenue and cut costs.Implicit in this statement is the premise that raising revenue is not the same as raising taxes, and cutting costs is not the same as cutting services and staff. My proposals hinge on raising revenues through innovation and cutting costs by improving efficiency and effectiveness.
Raise revenues:
- Sell/lease naming rights to as many county/city resources and events as possible. Airport, airport concourses, parks, park shelters and lodges, new streets, summer and winter festivals, sound and light shows, etc. Crass commercialism? No, not at all. Visit any college or university campus and you will get a sense of what I mean. The county leadership should pick the brains of the local universities to figure out how their kind of naming/branding programs can be replicated.
- Most county/city resources like park shelters, etc. are rented out at a fixed price. Move to a demand-based pricing model where the same resource needs to be rented out at different rates depending on the popularity of the spot/time slot. People should pay more for peak times and less for lean times. Another option: Instead of a first-come, first-served booking model, a bidding model (akin to eBay) should be used with the highest bidder getting the resource. Some leeway could be allowed for charitable organizations, community groups, etc.
- The county and city may be sitting on a treasure trove in terms of its historical archives. Genealogical and Internet search sites are willing to pay good money for such information. Recently, Ancestry.com paid a sizable amount to the federal government to digitize IRS archival data and sell it on the Web.
- Many European countries charge differential penalties for minor traffic and civic violations based on the paying capacity of the violator. A similar model can be investigated here. A $100 surcharge on a traffic ticket is a lot for a fast-food attendant but is a mere slap on the wrist for a rich businessman.
- Negotiate right-of-way agreements with utilities and telecom service providers based on a fixed fee plus a share of revenue rather than the fixed fee. If the cable company is making more money because of selling more premium and HD programming, county and city revenues should go up, too.
I'll write on how to cut costs and improve efficiency in my next column two weeks from now.
Community members serve on the Editorial Board and write regular columns.


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4 Ways to Enjoy the Outdoors in May
Disclosure: I was compensated for this post. All opinions expressed are my own.
I'm keeping my fingers crossed that there will be no more snow this Spring. With the way the weather has been these past few months you never know. We had snow only a couple weeks ago! I think the Spring weather is finally here to stay now. This kind of weather is my favourite. Not too hot and not too cold. It's t-shirt weather!
My daughter, Bridget, loves the outdoors. She's an active little girl who enjoys biking, jumping on the trampoline and just running around and enjoying life as a kid. I wish I had her energy!
I also like spending time outdoors being active, but I usually pay for it the next day. This past week I was doing some raking in the yard. I was was picking up leaves to bring to the side of the road for our Spring clean-up. I spent about an hour outside, bending and shoveling this huge pile of leaves that were left from the Fall. The next day I could barely walk! I think I overdid it. I told myself that the job needed to be done and I was tired of looking at the yard mess, but boy did I ever feel out of sorts.
My back and arms were the areas that hurt the most. I don't have the luxury of staying in bed all day to rest and recover so I managed my symptoms using a muscle rub. RUB A535 has been in my medicine cabinet (and my parents medicine cabinet too!) for as long as I can remember. RUB A535 Natural Source Arnica Gel-Cream (or Spray) is one of the newer products I've tried. It's made with 100% naturally sourced Arnica montana. I remember a few years ago my chiropractor recommeneded I use Arnica on my sore neck muscles!
RUB A535 Natural Source Arnica Gel-Cream helps to treat inflammation and muscle soreness and can be used by all members of your family age 2 and older. For kids, you can use it on their bumps and bruises. It's non-greasy and comes in a portable tube so you can keep it in your bag if you're out for the day.
Speaking of things to do outside….I've got a few things that you can enjoy this month, weather permitting of course! Make sure to pack the RUB A535 Natural Source Arnica Gel-Cream or Spray if you over-do it.
1. Gardening (or Yard Work): It's time to prep the yard for the warmer months. Get rid of leaves or debris that may have blown into your yard over the winter. If you've got a green thumb, plant your flower beds to make the yard nice and pretty.
2. Join a league: Sports are a great way to get active and meet new people in your area. In our area, there's a softball league for women.
3. Visit a local playground or park: Take the kids and head to the playground with them. If you're feeling nimble, climb the jungle gym! I like to visit our local park down by the waterfront. During low tide, we walk on the rocks and look for crabs and other little critters.
4.Camping: Go camping even if its in your own backyard. It's been years since I've gone camping and I think it's due time for a trip.
What are some of the things you are looking forward to doing outside this month?


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Otti Prams Urban Ranger Travel System (Pointers Print)
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Extras include sleaping bag and raincover and car seat adaptors
12 month warrantee
We donate £30 to hope for children for each pram solld and 1% of our turnover to Niemann-Pick Research Foundation
>> Read Customer Reviews
>> Check Price on Amazon.co.uk
View More Related Items On Amazon.co.uk


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WiFi is essential for most of the solutions you will find at MySafeFamily.Info. Just because your laptop or phone has good WiFi does not mean your wireless camera, Amazon Echo, Video Doorbell or other Internet-Of- Things (IOT) devices will operate with equal success. Most the time you will not have problems, but if you do, an understanding of the basics can go a long way in helping you solve many common issues. Here you will find articles on selecting the right AC router, WiFi access point, modem and more.
WiFi / Networking
Home Networking 101
Wi-Fi is common for most households but good Wi-Fi is not. Most homes have a single Wi-Fi access point and it may or may not be in the best location for adequate coverage. There is a lot of misconceptions about Wi-Fi products so let's see if I can't clear a few things up for you.
First, we need to go over the basic components of a WiFi network.
Home Networking - How to Improve your WiFi
It is common to replace a router with built-in WiFi (WiFi router) with a new and improved model. That may be a good option if you are experiencing drop-offs and connection issues, but if all you need is better WiFi in an particular section of your home, a better upgrade maybe adding an additional WiFi Access Point (AP) to supplement or extend your network.
Advanced Home Networking - Routers
The most basic function of a router is to keep internet traffic isolated between two networks. Only traffic authorized to enter your home network is allowed in and only internet devices (clients) authorized by your router are allowed to communicate on your network. Wide Area Network (WAN) ports are the outside or incoming ports. Local Area Network (LAN) ports are inside your network.
How to select which WiFi Router or AP is best for you?
If you have read Home Networking 101 I suggest you do before continuing.
What Internet package is best for you?
Internet data plans from your Internet Service Providers (ISP) can vary greatly. Most plans are sold by how many MegaBits Per Second (Mbps) they can deliver into your home. Here is a general list of requirements for various activities.


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Individuals may create a company, but a team may foster the development of that company. No matter what skills and experience each member of the staff has, ability to work in a group is necessary for the healthy working environment. Let's see what interesting team building methods are applied by leading companies. Let's take a look:
Team building
First, what is the essence of team building? Its aim is to expose and address interpersonal issues within the group. They intend to improve performance in the working environment. Depending on the type of the company and the field of activity, different team building exercises may be applied.
But, all in all, what is team building? According to main definitions, these activities include:
- Building effective working relationships
- Finding solutions for team problems
- Reducing team members' role ambiguity
- Aligning around goals
- Setting group-development
- Improving team's objective performance, etc.
Go-to for office team building
This list of team building activities will help you make your team not only laugh, but also learn and become interconnected.
Beer time
Surely being sober is a part of working discipline, but from time to time it is necessary to relax and have some fun drinking with co-workers. For example, there are companies where team members stay after work to brew beer together once a month. During such gatherings, they discuss current circumstances, future goals, new objectives, etc.
Funny egg smashing
In fact, this may sound ridiculous, but this is truly played. According to the game rules, the employees should crack eggs over their heads. One of the eggs is not boiled. Could you imagine the joy when one of them has an egg yolk dribbling into his/her ears?
Flash mobbing
This is a widely accepted method applied by Disney, Starbucks, Google, etc. It is known as one of the most effective team building exercises. This team building method involves cohesion, surprise, risk-taking, energy, and engagement. This activity helps to have an instant impact, create fun and lovely atmosphere for the whole staff. It is an energized way of working together and create something impressive and funny.
Yahoo's food truck challenge
The essence of the challenge is the following. The food truck comes to the office and sees employees cooking and decorating their own food stall. At the end, they complete the task by creating brand name and logo.
Preparing for worst: Escape rooms
This is a rather popular social activity among many companies. According to the rules, the participants need to work together to solve clues, find hidden objects and solve puzzles. The aim of the game is to solve the issue within the allotted timeframe.
Volunteer together
To grow as a team, you may also take part in volunteering projects. For example, you can implement an adopt-a-family program in your office. Such activities will help to get a sense of achievements as a group.
Workshop challenge
It is important for a growing company to work through problems in a constructive manner. Everyone in the office can write down the issue bothering him/her on a piece of paper. Then separate the staff into groups. Each team should grab a few problems at random and brainstorm solutions. This is a great way to get help, solutions and build a strong team.
Memory Wall
Have a blackboard or a poster to write down some work related subjects on it. Everyone should pick one subject and share memories related to it. The aim is to get people laughing and sharing experiences.
In fact, it is not a must to have team building activities which focus on work. Games also can be productive and motivating. They also help to reveal personal features and behaviors of participants. Team building activities also develop communication, trust, and cooperation.
Activities for organizations
To improve performance, team building is a common approach for organizations. Though fun is an important component, purely recreational activities can be helpful too. In any case, the capabilities of team members should be taken into account. For example, sports are not for every member of your staff. Employee engagement exercises have direct influence not only on the individuals but the whole team and the organization itself. To engage millennials in the workplace, you may apply the experiential learning method. Why engage employees? It is effective for the team and they will enjoy the problem-solving activities. In addition, problem-solving creates ownership. Capacity might be increased as well. What refers to competitive activities, they encourage "a results-based'' outlook.
If you are a good leader, you should first think about the working environment and how to make it comfortable for your employees. An exhausting and stressful job does not attract skillful professionals. You need to keep your team well trained, so, do not wait. Make the list of your team building activities and apply them.


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|So I tried it again today. Threw a model in there for a minute to see if I could get a handle on lighting this thing and finding an angle that doesn't reflect me or anything else that shouldn't be there. It's gonna be hard. When I actually have some time I think I'll be able to get something interesting out of it. This is an "alright" photo I guess but I only posted it because it's been a while since I've had any cute ass shots. I think the world needs more of those and I'm just the man to make it happen;) I need volunteer asses though! ETA: Don't mind the fucked up paint job. It'll look fine when it's done.
Canon EOS 20D
30 mm
1/125 sec
f 2.5


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Here is Part Two of Sarah Bower's post about her writing residency at Lingnan University in Hong Hong. Please scroll down to the post dated 4th July for Part One and Sarah's biography:
|View of Central from Victoria Peak
|Front cover of the student anthology
On a personal level, I was going through the surreal process of getting divorced at arm's length. My third novel, Erosion, was published in April 2014, in the middle of my stay, and I felt oddly out of control of that process too, as if the book were a child who had left home without leaving a forwarding address. The book I was writing, entitled Love Can Kill People, Can't It? (now on its final edits and hopefully for publication next year), is set in Palestine and Yorkshire. My own transitional and impermanent state was reinforced by the world around me.
Hong Kong's history is determined by its geographical location on a major trading route through the South China Sea. Its native people have virtually disappeared and been overtaken by incomers from all over the world. Most of the Chinese who live there now are descended from mainlanders, economic migrants or refugees from the upheavals of the Maoist era. Westerners rarely stay longer than three or four years, the Philippina and Indonesian maids send most of their money home so put down no roots in the Territory. Triad money flows through Hong Kong's shopping malls on its way to the West. Everything is temporary, everyone is in flux.
It was an hour's bus ride from my home in the New Territories to Central. The bus travelled along the shore, and I could look out over the narrow channel between the mainland and Lantau, where Hong Kong's airport is located on land reclaimed from the sea. The channel is a bit like an aquatic M25, crowded with tiny fishing boats, inter-island ferries, leisure craft and container ships the size of Manhattan. Aircraft lumber up from Lantau and seem scarcely to miss the bus roof en route to Shanghai or Tokyo or Sydney. A cat's cradle of suspension bridges, glittering with traffic, links Kowloon to Hong Island, whose iconic skyline emerges mystically from the smog. (I never did manage to get a good photo of the distinctive clawed roof of IFC1, from where Christian Bale's Batman abseiled in The Dark Knight Rises.) I was struck by the way in which the natural and the manmade have combined in this city, whose sun rises eight hours ahead of Europe's, and which is altogether brighter, faster, more exciting and more alive than any European city I know (and I will defiantly include London here!), to create an extraordinary beauty. A beauty whose particular quality lies in its unnerving transience.
No-one ever turns off the lights or the air-con in Hong Kong. No-one ever cleans the beaches of the detritus of the ships which clog its sea-lanes. It's not advisable to eat the local seafood or vegetables grown in China because of pollutants and pesticides. You can't be there for long without developing a vertiginous sense that the human race is going to hell in a handcart. But Hong Kong is a particularly exotic handcart…


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So simple, so good, and the leftovers are really good too!
1-1.5lb sirloin, cubed
2 (10.75oz) cans cream of mushroom soup
1.5 packets of beef with onion soup mix (Lipton)
2 (4.5oz) cans mushrooms (or comparable amount of fresh mushrooms, sliced)
2c water
1 (16oz) package egg noodles (you can buy these in a whole grain version too)
Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Mix soup, soup mix, mushrooms, and water in a 9x13 casserole dish. Put the beef tips in, coating thoroughly. Bake in the preheated oven for 1 hour. Before completion, cook egg noodles according to package directions. Serve beef tips over the noodles.
Variations could include seasoning and browning the beef first, adding garlic, or making this in a crock pot.


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MSc Dementia Care APIMH / Overview
Year of entry: 2019
- Degree awarded
- MSc/PGDip/PGCert
- Duration
- 36 months (part-time)
- Entry requirements
We require an honours degree (Lower Second or above) or equivalent from a recognised institution.
We also accept an approved and relevant postgraduate qualification (minimum PGDip or equivalent - 120 credits at master's level), or evidence of previous advanced study, research or professional experience that we accept as qualifying you for entry.
Places are available to applicants without a degree but who are able to demonstrate evidence of appropriate academic ability. See Portfolio for non-standard application (Word, 216KB).
- How to apply
Please apply via our online application form . You must also complete an employer support form (Word, 94 KB). Contact us to request printed forms.
This course only runs in alternate years. The next intake for the Dementia Care pathway is in 2019. However, applications can be submitted and processed in advance. Early application is recommended.
You can apply for this course by completing our online application form . You must also complete an employer support form (Word, 94 KB). Contact us to request printed forms.
This course runs in alternate years. The next intake for the Dementia Care pathway is in 2019. However, applications can be submitted and processed in advance. Early application is recommended.
Course options
|Full-time distance learning
|Part-time distance learning
Course overview
- Gain the knowledge and skills you need to offer evidence-based interventions that promote the wellbeing and empowerment of people living with dementia and their families.
- Build on your experiences as a health and social care professional or someone involved in the care and support of people living with dementia and their significant others.
- Study at a university ranked 1st in the UK and 3rd in the world for nursing (QS World University Rankings 2018).
Open days
Attending an open day is a great way to find out what studying at Manchester is like. Find out about our upcoming open days .
For entry in the academic year beginning September 2019, the tuition fees are as follows:
MSc (part-time)
UK/EU students (per annum): Year 1: £3,800; year 2: £3,800; year 3 £1,900
International students (per annum): Only available to employees of the NHS and related organisations. Fees paid by contract with the NHS
There are likely to be a small number NHS fund places for new students working in the north-west of England in the NHS or NHS-related services.
For details, please contact email@example.com or email@example.com
The fees quoted above will be fully inclusive for the course tuition, administration and computational costs during your studies.
All fees for entry will be subject to yearly review and incremental rises per annum are also likely over the duration of courses lasting more than a year for UK/EU students (fees are typically fixed for students, for the course duration at the year of entry). For general fees information please visit: postgraduate fees . Always contact the department if you are unsure which fee applies to your qualification award and method of attendance.
Self-funded international applicants for this course will be required to pay a deposit of £1000 towards their tuition fees before a confirmation of acceptance for studies (CAS) is issued. This deposit will only be refunded if immigration permission is refused. We will notify you about how and when to make this payment.
Some funded places may be available on this course for mental health practitioners working in the north-west of England in the NHS or NHS-related services.
This funding is for UK/EU students and will cover the full UK/EU tuition fee. These will be allocated on a first come, first served basis.
Alumni Bursary
The Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health offers an alumni bursary of a 10% reduction towards tuition fees for successful applicants who are recent University of Manchester graduates and who are commencing one of our postgraduate taught master's programmes in 2019.
The bursary is available to students or alumni who:
- have graduated since 2013;
- hold a first class or 2:1 honours degree;
- have home or overseas fee status;
- are applying for full- or part-time study;
- are self-funded and not in receipt of any other funding support.
The bursary will be applied as a fee reduction automatically for those students and alumni who meet the alumni bursary criteria so there is no application process.
Contact details
- Academic department
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health
- Telephone
- +44 (0)161 306 0270
- firstname.lastname@example.com
- Website
- https://www.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/nursing/
- Academic department overview
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health
Courses in related subject areas
Use the links below to view lists of courses in related subject areas.
Regulated by the Office for Students
The University of Manchester is regulated by the Office for Students (OfS). The OfS aims to help students succeed in Higher Education by ensuring they receive excellent information and guidance, get high quality education that prepares them for the future and by protecting their interests. More information can be found at the OfS website.
You can find regulations and policies relating to student life at The University of Manchester, including our Degree Regulations and Complaints Procedure, on our regulations website.


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Microsoft, one of the software giants, recently released another successful (but minor) version of its Windows operating system, which actually was targeted to overcome the critics and inefficient features added to Windows 8. For instance, Microsoft replaced the Start menu with a tiled-based Start screen. However, it almost failed to make an impact on the users across the world, and therefore, the company had to bring what is more suitable to business as well as home users' requirements. Though these particular changes were not directly introduced in Windows 8, a newer version of Windows namely Windows 8.1 was introduced. Not even this, Microsoft released a free upgrade to Windows 8.1 for those, who got the official subscription of Microsoft Windows 8.
Meanwhile, many watchers of Microsoft speculated about another release of windows 8.1 with Bing. Well, the newer version has nothing more than what we can call a low-cost edition of this particular Windows version, which was restricted only to the hardware manufacturers across the world selling PCs for a price of $250 only. However, this edition of Windows has no restrictions as far as the features and utilities of Windows operating system are concerned.
Alike Microsoft offered Windows 8.1 free of cost, you must be wondering if the Windows 8.1 with Bing is also available as a free service to Microsoft users? Well, since Windows 8.1 is launched only for the hardware manufacturers to add it to the low-cost devices, it is not available to consumers directly. This also enables the hardware makers drive the end-user usage of services offered by Microsoft, such as Bing, OneDrive, and more. Moreover, Windows 8.1 with Bing is not at all different from other editions of Windows released earlier, including Windows 8.1 Core (both 32 and 64-bit) with Update 1 installed.
Even though Microsoft initially targeted the computer market in China for selling multiple version of this Windows, the company must sell a fair share of the product in European market as well.
The only difference in such a computer as compared to others is that the user will not be able to change the default search engine using any of the browsers, not even with an internal or an external tool used for deployment. In fact, as the name of the operating system (i.e. Windows 8.1 with Bing) suggests, Bing will be the search engine that is configured automatically once the search for a particular keyword begins. Moreover, none of default browser settings can be altered for a modified search. However, user can only change the default search provider, but not the PC makers.
You must be thinking if the newer low-cost computers are available in the market, why not going for them. Well, I must mention that almost all the users across the world prefer using Google for searching things and information on the Internet. Therefore, why would somebody switch to something having a limited significance like low cost? Well, this is quite a strange story describing why Apple jumped into development of something that was already known to grab only a limited number of users. In contrast, the choice of purchasing a low-cost computer, having Bing set as the default search engine is not all the way a bad choice. It will be beneficial to all those who do not want to spend more on a computer.
Read Windows 8.1 Customization Guide!!
Purchasing a low-cost computer, having almost no difference with other Windows-based computers does not make you achieve something that you have been looking for. It actually lets you save money that you can spend on other things playing key roles in your life. However, make sure you undergo no loss in all this. In case you have been looking for a low cost computer, Windows 8.1 with Bing is the right option for you.


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Dr. Rob Wilkie's book, The Digital Condition: Class and Culture in the Information Network, has just been published by Fordham Univerity Press.
Addressing the literature and cinema of cyberpunk, digital commodities like the iPod, as well as the writings of such thinkers as Hardt and Negri, Heidegger, Deleuze and Guattari, Derrida, Haraway, and Castells, The Digital Condition investigates the continuing importance of class in shaping the contemporary.
Further information about the book can be found at: http://fordhampress.com/index.php/the-digita-condition-paperback.html


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SEO For Maidstone
For 15 years now, we have been providing Search Engine Optimisation services from Maidstone, covering the town, rest of the United Kingdom and occassionally the odd overseas client.
Local Search
If you are looking to get found in your local area, we can make sure all your Google profiles are set up and configures, as well as build citations (specific types of links) and help you get reviews which are becoming increasingly important.
National Search
If your business servers the whole country, we can help you get ranked for your keywords nationally. We have extensive experience in getting national rankings for customers.
Get a Quote
Each project is different, so we quote individual costs. This is because the competitiveness is different for each industry, plus some websites require more work than others. Therefore, we believe in a bespoke solution, and will look at your website, industry & keywords before giving you a quote.
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