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The Iceburgs - Little Folk Designs - Vintage Uncut Craft Pattern
Regular price
PennsHollow is your new home for quilt, applique, soft sculpture doll and animal patterns, and many other types of craft patterns for makers, featuring plenty of vintage options.
All of my inventory meets the following three standards:
(1) The pattern is uncut.
(2) The instructions are intact.
(3) All of the necessary information provided on the envelope is readable.
Envelopes may have stickers, handwriting, discoloration, tears, and/or show aging with normal wear and tear. Envelopes protect the patterns and this often results in battle scars. To me, these markings, tears, and creases are part of the pattern's history and they add vintage character, just like my own battle scars. In sum, I select my inventory based on pattern condition (uncut), not envelope condition. The main purpose of this shop is to prevent the waste of useful patterns. Therefore, my simple requirement for envelope condition is that all of the necessary information is readable.
Please read the shop FAQ page before ordering for more information on shop practice and policies.
If you love this shop, you might also enjoy its sister shops and my sewing blog:
SewingPatternShop.com - Vintage/timeless adult garments and fashion accessories
PennDragonflyKids.com - Patterns to sew clothes, accessories, and gifts for infants, toddlers, and children. Newborn to junior sizes.
PennDragonfly.com - Check out my new sewing blog where I share my sewing philosophies, ideas, and tidbits about my sewing journey. Join the discussion!


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Happy Birthday To My Favourite Control Freak Greeting Card
Tell them like it is with our fun greeting cards.
- Offer: Buy 4 cards get 1 FREE!
- Details: 5x7 inches or Giant A4 on premium 324gsm card.
- Features: Individually printed, satin finish, comes with envelope & protective cellophane sleeve or can be personalised and shipped directly to the recipient
Add an internal message for FREE and ship direct for zero contact gifting! Non-customized cards arrive in cellophane with a blank envelope.
COVID-19 Shipping Update
We are experiencing some delays dependent on your chosen product(s) and location.
Read our full update here. -
Quality Guarantee
100% satisfaction or your money back - it's a simple as that!
Zero Contact Gifting
Avoid the shops and post office by shipping direct! All Greetings Cards can be customised with your personal message.

subset: commoncrawl


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We've already had a tussle over the ban on cigarettes. She attempted to cover the scent of half a pack of Virginia Slims by burning a whole box of my Japanese temple incense. I came home to find the apartment smelling like a klatsch of chain-smoking Buddhist nuns. Words were exchanged.
All missing and damaged books have been replaced, although the new edition of Kiss of the Whip (revised and expanded) already seems to have been nibbled on. I may have to invest in a small, locking case for certain types of literature.
Most surprising: her capable and even enthusiastic wrangling of the sock yarn colony. The fifty unruly skeins and balls seem to have brought out her long-dormant motherly instincts. The rabble has become quite docile, following her in two straight lines for daily jaunts to Lincoln Park and on field trips to the Adler Planetarium and the Field Museum.
At night, she corrals them neatly before retiring to her cushion with a copy–certainly not mine–of How to Talk to Yarn So Yarn Will Listen and Listen So Yarn Will Talk.
And imagine my surprise when I returned home to find the following note taped to my desk:
Suitably attired, I sat down on the sofa promptly at eight and Dolores entered, followed as usual by her crocodile of sock yarns. They arranged themselves neatly in two rows on the rose in the middle of the carpet, and then Dolores cleared her throat and blew an A on her harmonica.
"Laaaaaaaaaaaa," sang the balls of sock yarn.
There followed a short concert of traditional American favorites, including "Wait 'Til the Sun Shines, Nellie," "Home on the Range," and "Buffalo Gals, Won't You Come Out Tonight." In four part harmony. With choreography.
I applauded vigorously and was rewarded with "Where the Streets Have No Name" (D. Van Hoofen, harmonica soloist) as an encore.
It was all so touching I was dabbing at tears as the company took its final bow and the yarn rolled into the kitchen for light refreshments.
"Nu?" said Dolores. "Did you enjoy?"
"I'm overwhelmed," I said. "I thought I was harboring Belle Watling and here you turn out to be Maria Von Trapp."
"What a nice, and incredibly gay, thing to say."
"Well, I mean every sweet, homosexual word of it."
"That's swell, cupcake. Can I have fifty-three dollars?"
"It's dollar beer night at the Lucky Horsehoe. I told the boys you'd underwrite the cast party. And I'll need a couple extra singles to put into Julio's thong."
See, the thing about lasting change is, it's gradual.


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Chargemap and its wonderful community saved more than once from running out of fuel! - Sébastien
You are on a page with a charging area for electric cars in the city of Roma.
If you own an electric car in Italy, trust Chargemap to find you the nearest ACEA - Via Filippo Nicolai charging stations for your electric vehicle.


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All of our Panels are Laser cut from Steel Plate and Powder Coated with a Mini Textured Exterior Black Finish. They all meet 4 inch code. Our Standard Panels are Flat Steel Panels with the designs cut out of them. Our Bordered panels are our flat panels with a 2 inch wide flat bar welded around the outside with screw holes in them for mounting.
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text: From the producers of Paranormal Activity, Insidious, and Sinister comes Dark Skies: a supernatural thriller that follows a young family living in the suburbs. As husband and wife Daniel and Lacey Barret witness an escalating series of disturbing events involving their family, their safe and peaceful home quickly unravels. When it becomes clear that the Barret family is being targeted by an unimaginably terrifying and deadly force, Daniel and Lacey take matters in their own hands to solve the mystery of what is after their family.


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Important Tips - How to Rank A Blog High in 2021? Every blogger is running in the race of getting a high rank in Google search. And most of the i... views: 12960 By: surender sharma
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Native Americans at the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota have voted to overturn a more than century-old ban on alcohol in a decision that critics say will spur an increase in already high rates of domestic abuse, suicide and infant mortality.
Tribe members finalized the vote count Wednesday: 1,871 for legalization and 1,679 against.
Federal law has long prohibited the sale of alcohol on Native American reservations unless the tribe specifically allows it. Pine Ridge — home to Oglala Lakota, or Oglala Sioux, one of seven Lakota subtribes — was established in 1889, and has prohibited the sale and consumption of alcohol for all but a brief few months in the early 1970s, when it experimented with lifting the ban but quickly reinstated it.
"Life will change now as we know it," Larry Eagle Bull, one of nine tribal council members who put the issue to a public vote, was quoted by The Associated Press as saying.
Opponents found the vote difficult to accept. "How far are we going to let it go?" asked tribal President Bryan Brewer, who staunchly opposed ending prohibition, according to The New York Times. "How many more children are going to be murdered because of this?"
"We know the use will go up," Brewer tells the AP.
"We know there'll be more violence. There'll be more women and children who will be abused. It will taper off. But it's something we're just going to have to deal with," he said. "I hope they talk about that. I hope it's not just about the money but how we can work with our people."
Supporters have said that legalizing alcohol will capture revenue being spent at liquor stores in towns bordering the reservation. They say by ending the ban, the tribe can tax alcohol sales and use the money for badly needed treatment programs.
"This is a new era we're in. We've got to remember now we lived dry for 100 years and it was proven that prohibition didn't work. We're in new territory now," Eagle Bull said.
Reuters says four liquor stores just outside the reservation in the unincorporated town of Whiteclay, Neb., have done thriving business, and that the reservation's prohibition has been "widely flouted."
"Whiteclay has about a dozen residents and its liquor stores sold the equivalent of 162,100 cases of beer in 2012, according to the Nebraska Liquor Control Commission.
"Tribal leaders coping with alcohol abuse asked a federal judge in 2012 to block liquor sales in Whiteclay. The judge found the claims did not involve federal law and dismissed the lawsuit."
According to The Times, it's "unclear how much money allowing alcohol sales would produce for the reservation, which is one of the poorest places in the country and has unemployment rates estimated at more than 80 percent."
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Root Folder
Help Most of the services – including search, browsing, and displaying images – are freely available without registration. For our registered users we provide a wider range of services, for example ordering a copy from the holding library and postcard sending service. Registration and login are located in the right hand corner. It is also possible to recover forgotten passwords. To register you only need to provide a few personal data for identification and contact information that we exclusively use for the purposes of the image library and we do not hand them over to third parties. Search The images can be searched by different indexes. After choosing the desired menu item a page will be displayed where you can set the search options on the left hand side and you can type in the query into the search box on the right hand side or you can choose it from the drop-down menu. (Some fields have fixed lists.) If you would like to set further options you have to click on the >Extend< button and more and more search boxes can be displayed. (With the >Narrow < button you can make surplus fields disappear. After typing in the queries you have to click on the >Start< button to start the search by the given options. In the field next to the >Start< button you can set the number of pictures to be displayed on one page. If you click on the >New search< button the previous settings will be deleted and you can start a new query. Arrows help you to navigate among the results. There are two different ways to display results, you can choose between them by clicking on one of the two icons. If you click on the thumbnails in the listed results you can enlarge the chosen image displaying its most important data. By clicking on the magnifying glass under the picture you can enlarge the image to screen size. The other icons help you to display the detailed data of the images, to save and print the results and to reach other services of comfort. Here you can start ordering the copy of the image which will be completed by the library that preserves the original document. Since the order is transmitted via e-mail we need your e-mail address so for orders you need to be a registered user. If a digital document consists of more than one image you can view the images in a filmstrip format. By clicking on a thumbnail on the strip you can enlarge the picture which will appear in the display field. Browse If you start browsing, the first group of images will appear in alphabetical order of the main titles. You can choose other options for browsing and you can narrow it down to one library's collection. You can use the Results list in the same way like it was introduced by the Search options. News In this menu you can read about the actual events, new uploads, information related to the services and other news. Guestbook You can send your comments about the Digital Library. |


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2015 Regular Session
Testimony submitted for Bill Sessions prior to the 2021 Regular Session can be found in the Presentations Displayed in Committee section on this page.
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- Input submitted through the Oregon Legislature's Submit Public Testimony System is run through an initial virus and malware scan. If a possible virus or malware is detected, the file is deleted and not uploaded to OLIS. The Oregon Legislature makes no claims that public input files in OLIS are virus or malware free. We therefore recommend that prior to opening files in OLIS, you ensure the security software on your computer is up to date.


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Lois Lerner, the IRS official who oversees the branch of the agency that targeted conservative groups, has been placed on administrative leave a day after she refused to answer questions in a congressional probe of the scandal.
Lerner, who invoked the Fifth Amendment in refusing to testify at a House hearing on Wednesday, is effectively suspended from her job as head of the exempt organizations division, according to a congressional aide who spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity.
On Wednesday, Lerner made a statement before the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee saying she'd done nothing wrong and had broken no laws, but otherwise declined to answer lawmakers' questions.
The AP reports that the new IRS acting commissioner, Danny Werfel, sent an email to agency employees saying he'd selected a new acting head of the tax exempt division.
He said Ken Corbin would be the acting director of the division that Lerner had overseen.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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The internet is not such a bad place to be in — for as long as website owners do their share in keeping it safe for their visitors. Here are three tips to do exactly just that.
Tip #1: Use HTTPS
Short for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, HTTPS indicates that a website has an extra layer of security for its users. This layer encrypts data exchanged between a user's browser and the web server that delivers the data that the user requests. To use a simpler comparison, imagine someone tapping your landline, but instead of getting to listen in on your conversations, they'll hear people speaking in tongues instead.
In August 2014, Google Chrome, the world's most popular browser, announced that having HTTPS makes your website rank higher in its search algorithm. And since October 2017, the browser began flagging non-HTTPS websites as not secure whenever users try to fill out something as simple as a contact form on it. In July 2018, Chrome started showing a "not secure" warning on any website that does not implement HTTPS, whether or not users are filling out a form there.
Because of Google's measures, the security protocol has been widely adopted. Even if your website does not contain or ask for sensitive information, implementing HTTPS on it engenders trust and a sense of security among internet users, while staying left behind security-wise will make web visitors abandon or avoid you sooner or later.
Tip #2: Embrace multifactor authentication (MFA)
Since account credentials can be easily stolen via phishing attacks, username and password combos are no longer enough to keep bad actors at bay. To ensure that the one accessing an account is truly that account's owner, additional identity authentication steps must be implemented.
These steps can involve the use of the account holder's device — the one logging in must first verify their phone number, receive a one-time password on their smartphone, then enter that code in the access portal before the validity of the code lapses. Alternatively, MFA may ask for a face, retina, voice, or fingerprint scan for authentication. MFA can be a bit of a hassle for your internal and external users, but a little inconvenience is a small price to pay for immensely effective cybersecurity.
Tip #3: Update browsers and devices
Did you know that dated versions of browsers, operating systems (OSs), and even other software packages can create an easy entry point for hackers? Often, new updates are created specifically to fix security holes. And hackers are ever aware that people can be lazy, saving that update for another day that never seems to come. They'll often try to take advantage of this, searching for outdated devices to infiltrate while their victims watch YouTube on last year's version of Firefox.
Yes, installing an update might take 15 minutes of your time. But it can pay dividends in preventing a security breach that could cost you or your business thousands.
Looking for more tips to boost your internet security? Get in touch to find out how we can help.


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30 Day Returns andExchanges
110% Price-Match
1 Year Warranty
Free Shipping
Toll free: 1-877-577-TIME
Local: 1-212-390-0334
Item #: mg-9
Brand: Aqua Master
Watches have always been a symbol of success.In days of old it was the select few who held positions of esteem in society, who would proudly wear a pocket watch on its beautiful chain.
The wrist watch has however overtaken the pocket watch in popularity, though a pocket watch makes a statement all of its own.
As the world progresses, the watch has become more commonplace and is mass produced.But then there are watches, and there are watches!
Whenever you think of Luxury Diamond Watches you automatically think of Swiss made watches that are noted for their fine craftsmanship, high quality of material used, and most importantly, they keep impeccable time whether it be mechanical, or working on quartz vibrations or electronic pulses. However, Italian and French manufacturers of Luxury Watches are not very far behind.
As far as Swiss watches are concerned, the story goes that in the 16th century the Huguenots, who were followers of the religious leader Jean Calvin fled from persecution in France for the safety of the Alps near Geneva.There, Jean Calvin played a pivotal role in banning the wearing of Jewelry.Watches however, were allowed as being of practical use. And so the Huguenot watchmakers teamed up with the Geneva Jewelers and goldsmiths to circumvent this by creating spectacular time pieces to adorn the wearer who felt deprived by this decree.
There's nothing like a luxury watch on your wrist to make a clear statement of your success.Be it Watches for Men or Women, there's a veritable Smorgasbord of watches available in this genre to cater to the varied tastes and demands of the discerning collector. A luxury watch completes every designer outfit, whether for men or for women.Many fashion designers have now brought out their own brands of Luxury Watches.
A Luxury Watch is much more than just a means of telling time.It makes a definite statement about the person wearing it. Owning and wearing one is a status symbol. It signifies Success, Class and Discernment.A Luxury Watch is a collectible, handed down from generation to generation, as its value increases with the passing of time,
There are Diamond Watches to meet every taste and the value increases with the increasing number of functions it performs besides telling the time, most common of which would be perpetual calendars.Of course, watches made of precious metals embellished with Diamonds or other precious Stones are also very valuable.
Then there are the Sports Luxury Watches for Yachtsmen that measure the force of the tides and currents based on the moons Phases.There are also Watches to cater to the needs Speed Aficionados and those sought after by pilots for their aeronautic designs.
So if you have a specific interest that needs to be catered to, or are just looking for a fashion statement, there's something available for every one of you, whether it be a sleek understated elegant time piece or that flashy jewel encrusted beauty to compliment you.
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Sorry, this user has made their blog private and protected it with a password. If you know this user's blog password, you can view their blog entries by entering it below.
This private travel blog is brought to you by Travellerspoint. Want one of your own? Ours are top-notch; and FREE! Here's what's included in a Travellerspoint travel blog.


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We provide the following services for LG appliances in Irving
LG AppliancesLG Electronics is providing something that is better for home chefs with their kitchen portfolio which has been expanded and is led by a new over the range microwaves, a new premium slide in electric range, and a brand new line of French 4 door refrigerators that have unsurpassed usable shelf space, all designed to offer greater convenience and performance in the kitchen. LG's line of premium kitchen products offer easier organization and access to better cooking performance with professional grade features, these new kitchen products have it all. Innovations in the Refrigerator with French DoorsLG has introduced a brand new line of French 4 door models. The most recent addition has a capacity of almost 28 ft, however, it also has more usable shelf space than a refrigerator with 29 ft3 capacity. LG has also introduced innovations that permit more shelf space which provide greater access and organization for consumers:'
A French 4 door refrigerator has a capacity of almost 27 ft3 and features the innovations of two additional freezer drawers. '
Slide in Electric RangeLG's first slide in electric range has high performance features and premium styling that make it easier to achieve great cooking results:
Microwave Ovens That Are Over the RangeNew microwave oven innovations complement LG's products and are designed to provide more convenience and cooking performance in the kitchen.'
The future of laundry is high efficiency front loading washers and super efficient condensing vent less dryers. These laundry appliances save maintenance costs, construction time, energy, and water. The combination washers and dryers made by LG Appliances automatically dry clothes in a single appliance. The LG stackable units pair the world's best washer with a separate condensing, vent less dryer. They provide the same dry quality, time, and market appeal as conventional equipment while using 1/3 of the energy of vented dryers.' |


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Pet Vaccination Clinics in Roseville, CA
Searching for clinics in your area...
Please note: Our veterinarians will not vaccinate pets that have experienced a previous reaction to vaccinations.
No matter where you live in our service area, we have a low-cost mobile puppy, dog, kitten and cat vaccination clinic near you. We operate on weekends and some weeknights for your convenience. No exam fees. Save big on rabies shots and so much more.
At the Clinic our state licensed veterinarians and professional staff will ask you a few questions about your pet's lifestyle. Your answers will help us determine which vaccinations and tests are right for your pet.
Rabies shots for your cat and dog are required by law in all states.
You'll find our low-cost dog and cat vet vaccine clinics at a Petco store in your neighborhood.


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Categorie: Knutselen Kijkdozen > kijkdoos Halloween
Knutselen: kijkdoos Halloween
Sleutelwoorden: kijkdoos Halloween , Halloween, kijkdoos, spook, pompoen, vleermuis, heks, geraamte, griezelig, angst, bang,
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Strawberry Stracciatello Gelato |
Aparna says, "But what is stracciatella? In Italian, "stracciato" means "torn apart" and normally describes a soup into which egg is incorporated such that it forms shreds/ stracciatelle in the soup.It also refers to thin bits of chocolate in gelato which is what this recipe is about. Stracciatella gelato is made by finely drizzling melted chocolate onto frozen ice-cream (usually vanilla). The chocolate solidifies into thin pieces when it hits the cold ice-cream. This is broken up by lightly stirring the ice-cream. The result is a smooth ice-cream/ gelato with the slightest crunch/ crackle of chocolate and a wonderful experience."
½ cup granulated sugar (adjust as required)
¼ cup honey
1 tablespoon lemon juice
¼ teaspoon salt
500ml milk (3% fat)
3 teaspoon custard powder/ cornstarch
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
75gm semi-sweet chocolate, chopped
25gm milk chocolate, chopped
2 teaspoons oil
Put the chopped strawberries in a bowl and add the sugar, honey, lemon juice and salt. Mix well and refrigerate this for about 30 minutes.In the meanwhile, boil the all the milk except half a cup. Once it starts boiling, turn the heat down to medium. To the half cup of cold milk, add the custard powder/ cornstarch and mix well to dissolve it. Add this to the boiling milk and keep stirring till the milk thickens to a custard consistency. Take off the heat and allow to cool to room temperature, while stirring the custard frequently to prevent a skin from forming.Take the strawberry mixture out and puree it. Add the vanilla extract and the milk custard and blend well. Pour into a plastic or metal bowl, cover it and freeze. Then follow Angela's advice to me which follows.
"Pour it into a plastic freezer box , cover the surface with clingfilm, put a lid on and freeze. Thereafter re-mix with a fork every 30 minutes until it reaches the right consistency. The ice cream should be eaten within 3 weeks; before serving, remove it to the main body of the refrigerator for 20 minutes to soften.When you think the ice-cream has almost reached the right texture, then melt your chocolate & oil together over hot water. Let it cool slightly and then quickly drizzle a little over the surface of the ice-cream. It should set on contact and then you need to quickly stir the chocolate into the ice-cream, breaking up any long strands of chocolate into small pieces. Keep repeating until the chocolate is used up. You may need to pop the ice-cream back in the freezer during this process if it starts to melt."It is important to drizzle the chocolate in a thin stream and this can be done using a fork. That would give you the perfect texture.
You are reading this post on More Than Burnt Toast at http://morethanburnttoast.blogspot.com. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to the author/owner of More Than Burnt Toast. All rights reserved by Valerie Harrison.


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Rowe Equipment, Inc. specializes in extruder screens.
We take pride in furnishing the plastics processing industry high quality extruder screens and equipment at competitive prices.
We are the leading manufacturer of extruder screens and supplier of MRO items to the plastics industry and industrial facilities. We service plastic recycling, blown film, cast film, compounding and other industries. (nelsonjsalon.com)
We offer a complete line of replacement parts for standard applications all built to the same exacting standards as the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM).
We are also able to custom design and manufacture extruder screens to meet your, specialized operational requirements.
Rowe Equipment, Inc. manufactures a wide assortment of products to address virtually the entire spectrum of polymer and fiber processing operations, including the recycling, film, converter, cast film, and food industries.
We have the expertise to handle any extruder screens needs. We are problem solvers. We match our expertise and depth of knowledge with your needs.
In order to meet your production schedules and minimize your downtime same day shipping is generally available.
Our experienced parts representatives are dedicated to your success, and efficient operation.
We are here to assist you in meeting all your specific needs.
Our customer service is second to none.
We have over 25 years of experience in melt flow, removal of gels, depth filtration, and all facets associated with the extruder upstream and downstream.
In addition to extruder screens we offer Copper Gauze, Extruder Screens, Granulator Blades, Mica Band Heaters, Cartridge Heaters, Ceramic Band Heaters, Channel Strip Heaters, Thermocouples, Pelletizer Blades, Rupture Disks, Melt Pressure Transducers, Connector Sleeves, Flexible Socks, Gaylord Covers, Drum Covers, Pneumatic Loader Filters, Shaker Screens, Flexible Hose, Tubing, Cartridge Filters, Liquid Filter Bags, Bag House Filters, Strainer Baskets, Brass Scrapers, Die Soap, and RDW Screens.
We are located near Houston Texas and supply extruder screens Globally including: United States, Mexico, Canada, Germany, Jamaica, Uruguay, and Guatemala.
Contact us today for your extruder screens needs or solutions.
Fill out the form below and we will get back to you soon!
Copyright 2018 - 2024 Rowe Equipment. All Rights Reserved


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Openmoko™ is a project dedicated to delivering mobile phones with an open source software stack. Openmoko is currently selling the Neo FreeRunner phone to advanced users and will start selling it to the general public as soon as the software is more developed.
The Openmoko stack, which includes a full X server, allows users and developers to transform mobile hardware platforms into unique products. Our license gives developers and users freedom to cosmetically customize their device or radically remix it; change the wallpaper or rebuild the entire house! It grants them the freedom, for example, to transform a phone into a medical device or point of sale device or the freedom to simply install their own favorite software. Beyond freeing the software on our devices we have also released our CAD files. And at LinuxWorld 2008, we announced the release of the schematics for our products.
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Pletal (Cilostazol) widens arteries that supply blood to the legs. Cilostazol also improves circulation by keeping platelets in the blood from sticking together and clotting.
Cilostazol is used to treat the symptoms of intermittent claudication. This condition causes reduced blood flow to the legs, leading to pain while walking. Cilostazol improves your ability to walk longer distances without pain.
Cilostazol may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor.
Take each dose with a full glass of water. Cilostazol is usually taken twice a day, at least 30 minutes before or 2 hours after breakfast or dinner. Take cilostazol at the same times each day. Follow your doctor's instructions.
It may take up to 12 weeks of using cilostazol before your symptoms improve. For best results, keep using the medication as directed. Talk with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 4 weeks of treatment.
Take cilostazol on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before or 2 hours after food.
If you miss a dose of Pletal take it as soon as possible. If several hours have passed or if it is nearing time for the next dose, do not double the dose to catch up, unless advised by your health care provider. Do not take 2 doses at once. If more than one dose is missed, contact your health care provider or pharmacist.
Store cilostazol at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Active ingredient: cilostazol
Inactive ingredients: carboxymethylcellulose calcium, corn starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose.


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Latest Gear Live Videos
Ryan Seacrest to Host Fashion Rocks
Posted by Andru Edwards Categories: Celebrities, Fashion Shows, News,
Ryan Seacrest will host Fashion Rocks.
The charity event - which will be attended by an impressive array of celebrities - combines the world of fashion with musical performances and will broadcast on CBS for the first time since 2008.
The American Idol presenter can't wait to get on stage at Brooklyn's Barclays Center on September 9 for the event: "I'm always excited to be a part of live events, and Fashion Rocks combines three of my favorite things - music, fashion and New York City." Ryan added that he was determined to "make it an amazing and memorable night."
A huge string of diverse musical performers have already been confirmed for the two-hour extravaganza, including Jennifer Lopez, KISS, Pitbull, The Band Perry, Duran Duran, Afrojack, Miranda Lambert, Rita Ora, and Usher.
Click to continue reading Ryan Seacrest to Host Fashion Rocks
Items Du Jour: Louis Vuitton F/W 2014, Cara's Narcolepsy, Lupita for Lancome
Posted by Robin Paulson Categories: Celebrities, Editorials, Fashion Designers, Fashion Shows, Hairstyles, Health & Beauty, Models, News,
+ As promised, Louis Vuitton's Fall 2014 campaign was a collaborative effort by famed photographers Bruce Weber, Annie Leibovitz and Juergen Teller, featuring models Charlotte Gainsbourg, Liya Kebede, Freja Beha Erichsen and Jean Campbell.
+ A Vogue reporter attempted to interview model Cara Delevingne, only to have her fall asleep on her - twice! The reporter later discovered from fashion photographer Tim Walker that Cara once fell asleep "for seven hours on one Mulberry shoot."
+ Former creative director of Gap, Patrick Robinson, has left his position at A|X Armani Exchange. Despite gossip that he left due to plagiarism issues, a representative assured Page Six that Robinson left the brand amicably.
+ 12 Years a Slave star-turned-fashion darling Lupita N'yongo has landed her first Lancome ad - naturally, she looks amazing.
TLC Didn't Like Rihanna's CFDA Awards Dress
Posted by Robin Paulson Categories: Celebrities, News,
Both designers and fashion bloggers alike heralded Rihanna's dress at last week's CFDA Awards - at which she won the Fashion Icon of the Year award - but one pair of fellow female musicians are voicing their dislike of the "Diamonds" singer's style.
Referring to Rihanna, T-Boz of TLC said, "Every time I see you you don't have to be naked... It's hard for us to say anything because any time we do, they say, 'Oh TLC must be jealous,' but I call a spade a spade."
Click to continue reading TLC Didn't Like Rihanna's CFDA Awards Dress
Read More | The Daily Mail
Melissa McCarthy Snubbed by Designers for Oscars
Posted by Andru Edwards Categories: Celebrities, Fashion Designers,
Melissa McCarthy has revealed designers refused to make a dress in her size for the Oscar awards in 2012.
The Bridesmaids star, who has just created a line of plus-size clothing for women, admits a number of high-profile designers snubbed her request for the glamorous event.
"Two Oscars ago, I couldn't find anybody to do a dress for me. I asked five or six designers - very high-level ones who make lots of dresses for people - and they all said no," the star said in the July issue of Redbook.
Despite being busy with her new fashion venture, the 43-year-old actress has also been juggling her family life, and admits her marriage with Ben Falcone couldn't be better: "We have a great marriage." The couple, who tied the knot in 2005, haven't let their high level of fame change their relationship because the most important thing to them is their two daughters Vivian, seven, and Georgette, four.
Click to continue reading Melissa McCarthy Snubbed by Designers for Oscars
Items Du Jour: Linda's New Moschino Ad, DVF and Google
Posted by Robin Paulson Categories: Celebrities, Editorials, Fashion Designers, Models, News,
+ Linda Evangelista fronts a very 90's-esque Moschino's latest ad campaign shot by Steven Meisel.
+ Google is really trying to make Google Glass happen, so they've enlisted Diane Von Fursternberg to help them do so.
+ In case you already haven't seen Rihanna's CFDA Awards Old-Hollywood-meets-Rose-McGowan's-1998-VMA dress, here are some more photos of it (or if you just want to stare at it again, just like the rest of the internet is doing).
+ Model Robyn Lawley fronts a swimsuit campaign for Swimsuits For All, an online retailer that offers flattering summer pieces for women with fuller figures. Blogger and model Gabi Fresh also appears in some of the shots!
+ Tom Ford explains at his CFDA Awards appearance why he's been a little MIA in fashion lately: his son, Jack.
Click to continue reading Items Du Jour: Linda's New Moschino Ad, DVF and Google
Madonna Sued Over Hard Candy Name
Posted by Andru Edwards Categories: Celebrities, Fashion Designers, News,
Madonna is being sued over her fitness brand.
The "Hung Up" hitmaker has been accused by beauty and fashion company Hard Candy of maliciously stealing their name to sell exercise DVDs and apparel and the firm have filed a lawsuit in federal court for trademark infringement and unfair competition.
The case claims the 55-year-old singer began selling her goods under the Hard Candy name in 2011 despite a previous rejection from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. "Defendants' actions have caused and will cause Hard Candy, LLC irreparable harm for which money damages and other legal remedies are inadequate. Unless Defendants are restrained by this Court, Defendants will continue and/or expand the improper activities alleged in this Complaint and otherwise continue to cause great and irreparable harm and injury to Hard Candy, LLC," federal court papers obtained by RadarOnline.com state.
The lawsuit also targets Madonna's manager Guy Oseary, but claims the "Material Girl" singer is "the driving force behind the infringing activity, taking credit herself for the initial selection and subsequent expansion."
Click to continue reading Madonna Sued Over Hard Candy Name
Gisele Bundchen Becomes Face of Chanel No. 5
Posted by Andru Edwards Categories: Editorials, Health & Beauty, Models, News,
Gisele Bundchen has been named the new face of Chanel No. 5 perfume.
The Brazilian supermodel will take over from Brad Pitt to front the scent, and has been filming an advert with Baz Luhrmann to promote it in Sagaponack, New York state.
According to WWD, Gisele was chosen to represent the brand because of her "natural beauty and modern femininity." After initial filming last week, the model will film further shots in New York City.
Baz is also no stranger to directing adverts for Chanel No. 5 as he previously helmed a 2004 campaign for the fragrance featuring Nicole Kidman. Victoria's Secret beauty Gisele, who has two children - Benjamin, four, and 17-month-old Vivian - with her husband, NFL star Tom Brady, may be an internationally famous model, but she's not afraid to muck in and clean out the chicken run at her home in Los Angeles. "I have a beautiful garden where I raise chickens. We have very little waste because the chickens eat all of the vegetable scraps, and anything they won't eat, I put in my compost pile with the chicken poo," she explained.
PHOTO: Kim Kardashian's Givenchy Wedding Dress
Posted by Robin Paulson Categories: Celebrities, Fashion Designers, News,
Behold: Kim Kardashian's wedding dress has been revealed!
After months of speculation regarding which designer the reality star was going to wear for her wedding, People reports that the long-sleeved floral pattern design (above) was designed by none other than Riccardo Tisci of Givenchy. For those more familiar with Kim and less about fashion, he's the designer who famously dressed the 33-year-old in what made her look like an old lady's sofa at last year's Met Gala.
Tisci apparently also dressed Kim's groom, Kanye West, for their wedding - which took place in Florence, Italy yesterday.
Read More | Jezebel
David Beckham Still Not Used to Seeing His Underwear Billboards
Posted by Andru Edwards Categories: Celebrities, Editorials, Models,
David Beckham's mum calls him up when she sees billboards of him in his underwear.
The retired soccer star - who recently launched a new swimwear range for H&M - still isn't used to seeing himself fronting brand campaigns in next to nothing and neither is his mother, Sandra.
When asked about whether he gets used to seeing himself on giant billboards, he told ShortList magazine, "I don't think so. Especially not when I've got my mum calling me up saying, 'I've just seen another huge billboard of you in London - just you, in your underwear.'"
Although at first David - who has children Brooklyn, 15, Romeo, 11, Cruz, nine, and Harper, two, with wife Victoria - was embarrassed by the prospect of allowing the world to see him half-naked, he has grown used to it, but he was left red faced in New Jersey during the Super Bowl where there were millions of posters of himself all over the city: "But it is what it is. At first I was like, 'Oh my God I'm sat there in my underwear and everyone around the world can see it.' This year at the Super Bowl it was ridiculous. I've never seen so many billboards of myself in one city. Every corner I turned, every street, I was there, so it was verging on embarrassing after a while."
Lucky 13 Clothing Sues Taylor Swift
Posted by Andru Edwards Categories: Celebrities, Fashion Designers, News, Sales,
Taylor Swift is being sued by clothing brand Lucky 13.
The "Love Story" singer counts 13 as her favorite number and sells T-shirts with "Lucky 13" written on them through her online store, but Robert Kloetzly who owns Lucky 13 clothing - which has been trading since 1991 - feels she is stealing his business.
In a lawsuit lodged today, Robert accuses the singer of trademark infringement for unauthorized use of Lucky 13's branding, and claims they have contacted her people numerous times with no resolution. In court documents seen by website TMZ, Robert describes Taylor as a singer who likes "fast cars and dangerous men who drive them inappropriately," which is the same demographic as his company targets. It also cites the star's music video for "I Knew You Were Trouble" because it "depicts stylish, attractive, tattooed individuals in provocative situations," much like Lucky 13's branding.
Click to continue reading Lucky 13 Clothing Sues Taylor Swift
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text:
A brief introduction to Haskell
Haskell is:
- A language developed by the programming languages research community.
- Is a lazy, purely functional language (that also has imperative features such as side effects and mutable state, along with strict evaluation)
- Born as an open source vehicle for programming language research
- One of the youngest children of ML and Lisp
- Particularly useful for programs that manipulate data structures (such as compilers and interpreters), and for concurrent/parallel programming
Inspired by the article Introduction to OCaml, and translated from the OCaml by Don Stewart.
- 1990. Haskell 1.0
- 1991. Haskell 1.1
- 1993. Haskell 1.2
- 1996. Haskell 1.3
- 1997. Haskell 1.4
- 1998. Haskell 98
- 2000-2006. Period of rapid language and community growth
- ~2007. Haskell Prime
- 2009. Haskell 2010
Haskell features
Has some novel features relative to Java (and C++).
- Immutable variables by default (mutable state programmed via monads)
- Pure by default (side effects are programmed via monads)
- Lazy evaluation: results are only computed if they're required (strictness optional)
- Everything is an expression
- First-class functions: functions can be defined anywhere, passed as arguments, and returned as values.
- Both compiled and interpreted implementations available
- Full type inference -- type declarations optional
- Pattern matching on data structures -- data structures are first class!
- Parametric polymorphism
- Bounded parametric polymorphism
These are all conceptually more advanced ideas.
Compared to similar functional languages, Haskell differs in that it has support for:
- Lazy evaluation
- Pure functions by default
- Monadic side effects
- Type classes
- Syntax based on layout
The GHC Haskell compiler, in particular, provides some interesting extensions:
- Generalised algebraic data types
- Impredicative types system
- Software transactional memory
- Parallel, SMP runtime system
The Basics
Read the language definition to supplement these notes. For more depth and examples see the Haskell wiki.
Interacting with the language
Haskell is both compiled and interpreted. For exploration purposes, we'll consider interacting with Haskell via the GHCi interpreter:
- expressions are entered at the prompt
- newline signals end of input
Here is a GHCi session, starting from a UNIX prompt.
$ ghci ___ ___ _ / _ \ /\ /\/ __(_) / /_\// /_/ / / | | GHC Interactive, version 6.4.2, for Haskell 98. / /_\\/ __ / /___| | http://www.haskell.org/ghc/ \____/\/ /_/\____/|_| Type :? for help.
Loading package base-1.0 ... linking ... done.
Here the incredibly simple Haskell program let x = 3+4
compiled and loaded, and available via the variable x
Prelude> let x = 3 + 4
We can ask the system what type it automaticaly inferred for our
variable. x :: Integer
means that the variable
"has type" Integer
, the type of unbounded
integer values.
Prelude> :t x
x :: Integer
A variable evaluates to its value.
Prelude> x
The variable x
is in scope, so we can reuse it in later
Prelude> x + 4
Local variables may be bound using let
, which declares a
new binding for a variable with local scope.
Prelude> let x = 4 in x + 3
Alternatively, declarations typed in at the top level are like an open-ended let:
Prelude> let x = 4
Prelude> let y = x + 3
Prelude> x * x
Prelude> :t x
x :: Integer
Prelude> :t y
y :: Integer
Prelude> :t x * x
x * x :: Integer
Notice that type inference infers the correct type for all the expressions, without us having to ever specify the type explicitly.
Basic types
There is a range of basic types, defined in the language Prelude.
Int -- bounded, word-sized integers
Integer -- unbounded integers
Double -- floating point values
Char -- characters
String -- strings
() -- the unit type
Bool -- booleans
[a] -- lists
(a,b) -- tuples / product types
Either a b -- sum types
Maybe a -- optional values
For example:
True, False
('x', 42)
Left True, Right "string"
Nothing, Just True
These types have all the usual operations on them, in the standard libraries.
- The Prelude contains the core operations on basic types. It is imported by default into every Haskell module. For example;
+ - div mod && || not < > == /=
Learn the Prelude well. Less basic functions are found in the standard libraries. For data structures such as List, Array and finite maps.
To use functions from these modules you have to import them, or in GHCi, refer to the qualified name, for example to use the toUpper function on Chars:
Prelude> Char.toUpper 'x'
Prelude> :m + Char
Prelude Char> toUpper 'y'
In a source file, you have to import the module explicitly:
import Char
Haskell uses typeclasses to methodically allow overloading. A typeclass describes a set of functions, and any type which provides those functions can be made an instance of that type. This avoids the syntactic redundancy of languages like OCaml.
For example, the function *
is a method of the typeclass
, as we can see from its type:
Prelude> :t (*)
(*) :: (Num a) => a -> a -> a
Which can be read as "* is a polymorphic function, taking two values of some type 'a', and returning a result of the same type, where the type 'a' is a member of the class Num".
This means that it will operate on any type in the Num
class, of which the following types are members: Double, Float, Int, Integer
. Thus:
Prelude> 2.3 * 5.7
or on integers:
Prelude> 2 * 5
The type of the arguments determines which instance of *
used. Haskell also never performs implicit coercions, all coercions must
be explicit. For example, if we try to multiply two different types,
then the type check against * :: Num a => a -> a -> a
Prelude> (2.3 :: Double) * (5 :: Int)
Couldn't match `Double' against `Int'
Expected type: Double
Inferred type: Int
In the expression: 5 :: Int
In the second argument of `(*)', namely `(5 :: Int)'
To convert 5 to a Double
we'd write:
Prelude> (2.3 :: Double) * fromIntegral (5 :: Int)
Why bother -- why not allow the system to implicitly coerce types? Implicit type conversions by the system are the source of innumerable hard to find bugs in languages that support them, and makes reasoning about a program harder, since you must apply not just the language's semantics, but an extra set of coercion rules.
Note that If we leave off the type signatures however, Haskell will helpfully infer the most general type:
Prelude> 2.3 * 5
In Haskell, expressions are everything. There are no pure "statements"
like in Java/C++. For instance, in Haskell, if-then-else
is a kind of expression, and results in a value based on the condition part.
Prelude> (if 2 == 3 then 5 else 6) + 1
Prelude> (if 2 == 3 then 5 else 6.5) + 1
Local bindings
In Haskell let
allows local declarations to be made in the context of a single expression.
let x = 1 + 2 in x + 3
is analogous to:
{ int x = 1 + 2; ... x + 3 ... ; }
in C, but the Haskell variable x is given a value that is immutable (can never change).
When you declare a new variable, Haskell automatically allocates that value for you -- no need to explicitly manage memory. The garbage collector will then collect any unreachable values once they go out of scope.
Advanced users can also manage memory by hand using the foreign function interface.
Lists are ... lists of Haskell values. Defining a new list is trivial, easier than in Java.
Prelude> [2, 1+2, 4]
Prelude> :t [2, 1+2, 4]
[2, 1+2, 4] :: (Num a) => [a]
This automatically allocates space for the list and puts in the elements. Haskell is garbage-collected like Java so no explicit de-allocation is needed. The type of the list is inferred automatically. All elements of a list must be of the same type.
Prelude> ["e", concat ["f", "g"], "h"]
Notice how the function call concat ["f","g"]
does not require
parenthesis to delimit the function's arguments. Haskell
uses whitespace, and not commas, and:
- You don't need parentheses for function application in Haskell:
sin 0.3
- Multiple arguments can be passed in one at a time (curried) which means they can be separated by spaces:
max 3 4
Lists must be uniform in their type ("homogeneous").
Prelude> ['x', True]
Couldn't match `Char' against `Bool'
Here we tried to build a list containing a Char and a Boolean, but the
list constructor, []
, has type:
Prelude> :t []
[] :: [a]
meaning that all elements must be of the same type, a
(For those wondering how to build a list of heterogeneous values, you
would use a sum type):
Prelude> [Left 'x', Right True]
[Left 'x',Right True]
Prelude> :t [Left 'x', Right True]
[Left 'x', Right True] :: [Either Char Bool]
List operations are numerous, as can be seen in the Data.List library.
Prelude> let x = [2,3]
Prelude> let y = 1 : x -- 'cons' the value 1 onto the list
Prelude> x -- the list is immutable
Prelude> y
Prelude> x ++ y -- joining lists
Prelude> head y -- first element of the list is the 'head'
Prelude> tail y -- the rest of the list is the 'tail'
Pattern matching
Haskell supports pattern matching on data structures. This is a powerful
language feature, making code that manipulates data structures
incredibly simple. The core language feature for pattern matching is the
Prelude> case x of h:t -> h
The case
forces x
(the scrutinee) to match
pattern h:t
, a list with head and tail, and then we extract
the head, h
. Tail is similar, and we can use a wildcard
pattern to ignore the part of the pattern we don't care about:
Prelude> case x of _:t -> t
Tuples are fixed length structures, whose fields may be of differing types ("heterogeneous"). They are known as product types in programming language theory.
Prelude> let x = (2, "hi")
Prelude> case x of (y,_) -> y
Unlike the ML family of languages, Haskell uses the same syntax for the value level as on the type level. So the type of the above tuple is:
Prelude> :t x
x :: (Integer, [Char])
All the data mentioned so far are immutable - it is impossible to change an entry in an existing list, tuple, or record without implicitly copying the data! Also, all variables are immutable. By default Haskell is a pure language. Side effects, such as mutation, are discussed later.
Here is a simple recursive factorial function definition.
Prelude> let fac n = if n == 0 then 1 else n * fac (n-1)
Prelude> :t fac
fac :: (Num a) => a -> a
Prelude> fac 42
The function name is fac
, and the argument is
. This function is recursive (and there is no need to
specially tag it as such, as you would in the ML family of languages).
When you apply (or invoke) the fac function, you don't need any special parenthesis around the code. Note that there is no return statement; instead, the value of the whole body-expression is implicitly what gets returned.
Functions of more than one argument may be defined:
Prelude> let max a b = if a > b then a else b
Prelude> max 3 7
Other important aspects of Haskell functions:
- Functions can be defined anywhere in the code via lambda abstractions:
Prelude> ((\x -> x + 1) 4) + 7
Or, identical to let f x = x + 1
Prelude> let f = \x -> x + 1
Prelude> :t f
f :: Integer -> Integer
Anonymous functions like this can be very useful. Also, functions can
be passed to and returned from functions. For example, the higher order
function map
, applies its function argument to each
element of a list (like a for-loop):
Prelude> map (\x -> x ^ 2) [1..10]
In Haskell, we can use section syntax for more concise anonymous functions:
Prelude> map (^ 2) [1..10]
Here map
takes two arguments, the function
(^2) :: Integer -> Integer
, and a list of numbers.
Currying is a method by which function arguments may be passed one at a time to a function, rather than passing all arguments in one go in a structure:
Prelude> let comb n m = if m == 0 || m == n then 1 else comb (n-1) m + comb (n-1) (m-1)
Prelude> comb 10 4
The type of comb, Num a => a -> a -> a
, can be rewritten as
Num a => a -> (a -> a)
. That is, it takes a single argument
of some numeric type a
, and returns a function that takes
another argument of that type!
Indeed, we can give comb only one argument, in which case it returns a function that we can later use:
Prelude> let comb10 = comb 10
Prelude> comb10 4
Prelude> comb10 3
Mutually recursive functions may be defined in the same way as normal functions:
let take [] = []
(x:xs) = x : skip xs
skip [] = []
(_:ys) = take ys
Prelude> :t take
take :: [a] -> [a]
Prelude> :t skip
skip :: [a] -> [a]
Prelude> take [1..10]
Prelude> skip [1..10]
This example also shows a pattern match with multiple cases, either empty list or nonempty list. More on patterns now.
Patterns make function definitions much more succinct, as we just saw.
let rev [] = []
rev (x:xs) = rev xs ++ [x]
In this function definition, []
and (x:xs)
are patterns against which the value passed to the function is matched.
The match occurs on the structure of the data -- that is, on its
Lists are defined as:
data [] a = [] | a : [a]
That is, a list of some type a has type [a]
, and it can be
built two ways:
- either the empty list,
- or an element consed onto a list, such as
1 : []
or1 : 2 : 3 : []
. - For the special case of lists, Haskell provides the syntax sugar:
to build the same data.
Thus, []
matches against the empty list constructor, and
, match against the cons constructor, binding
variables x and xs to the head and tail components of the list.
Remember that case
is the syntactic primitive for
performing pattern matching (pattern matching in let bindings is sugar
for case
). Also, the first successful match is taken if
more than one pattern matches:
case [1,2,3] of
(x:y) -> True
(x:y:z) -> False
[] -> True
Warning: Pattern match(es) are overlapped
In a case alternative: (x : y : z) -> ...
Warnings will be generated at compile time if patterns don't cover all possibilities, or contain redundant branches.
Prelude> :set -Wall
Prelude> case [1,2,3] of (x:_) -> x
Warning: Pattern match(es) are non-exhaustive
In a case alternative: Patterns not matched: []
An exception will be thrown at runtime if a pattern match fails:
Prelude> let myhead (x:_) = x
Warning: Pattern match(es) are non-exhaustive
In a case alternative: Patterns not matched: []
Prelude> myhead []
*** Exception: <interactive>:1:16-36: Non-exhaustive patterns in case
As we have seen, patterns may be used in function definitions. For example, this looks like a function of two arguments, but its a function of one argument which matches a pair pattern.
Prelude> let add (x,y) = x + y
Prelude> add (2,3)
Immutable declarations
Immutable Declarations
- Important feature of let-defined variable values in Haskell (and some other functional languages): they cannot change their value later.
- Greatly helps in reasoning about programs---we know the variable's value is fixed.
- Smalltalk also forces method arguments to be immutable; C++'s const and Java's final on fields has a similar effect.
let x = 5 in
let f y = x + 1 in
let x = 7 in f 0 -- f uses the particular x in lexical scope where it is defined
Here's the one that will mess with your mind: the same thing as above but with the declarations typed into GHCi. (The GHCi environment conceptually an open-ended series of lets which never close).
Prelude> let x = 5
Prelude> let f y = x + 1
Prelude> f 0
Prelude> let x = 7 -- not an assignment, a new declaration
Prelude> f 0
Higher order functions
Haskell, like ML, makes wide use of higher-order functions: functions that either take other functions as argument or return functions as results, or both. Higher-order functions are an important component of a programmer's toolkit.
- They allow "pluggable" programming by passing in and out chunks of code.
- Many new programming design patterns are possible.
- It greatly increases the reusability of code.
- Higher-order + Polymorphic = Reusable
The classic example of a function that takes another function as
argument is the map
function on lists. It takes a list and
a function and applies the function to every element of the list.
map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
map _ [] = []
map f (x:xs) = f x : map f xs
The lower case variables in the type declaration of map are type variables, meaning that the function is polymorphic in that argument (can take any type).
Prelude> map (*10) [4,2,7]
Perhaps the simplest higher-order function is the composer, in mathematics expressed as g o f. it takes two functions and returns a new function which is their composition:
(.) :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
(.) f g x = f (g x)
This function takes three arguments: two functions, f and g, and a value, x. It then applies g to x, before applying f to the result. For example:
Prelude> let plus3times2 = (*2) . (+3)
Prelude> plus3times2 10
As we have seen before, functions are just expressions so can also be immediately applied after being defined:
Prelude> ((*2) . (+3)) 10
Prelude> (.) (*2) (+3) 10
Note how Haskell allows the infix function . to be used in prefix form, when wrapped in parenthesis.
Currying is an important concept of functional programming; it is named after logician Haskell Curry, after which the languages Haskell and Curry are named! Multi-argument functions as defined thus far are curried, lets look at what is really happening.
Here is a two-argument function defined in our usual manner.
Prelude> let myadd x y = x + y
Prelude> myadd 3 4
Here is another completely equivalent way to define the same function:
Prelude> let myadd x = \y -> x + y
Prelude> :t myadd
myadd :: (Num a) => a -> a -> a
Prelude> myadd 3 4
Prelude> let inc3 = myadd 3
Prelude> inc3 4
The main observation is myadd is a function returning a function, so the way we supply two arguments is
- Invoke the function, get a function back
- Then invoke the returned function passing the second argument.
- Our final value is returned, victory.
(myadd 3) 4
is an inlined version of this where the function returned bymyadd 3
is not put in any variable
Here is a third equivalent way to define myadd, as an anonymous function returning another anonymous function.
Prelude> let myadd = \x -> \y -> x + y
Prelude> :t myadd
myadd :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
With currying, all functions "really" take exactly one argument. Currying also naturally arises when functions return functions, as in the map application above showed. Multiple-argument functions should always be written in curried form; all the library functions are curried.
Note thus far we have curried only two-argument functions; in general, n-argument currying is possible. Functions can also take pairs as arguments to achieve the effect of a two-argument function:
Prelude> let mypairadd (x,y) = x + y
Prelude> mypairadd (2,3)
So, either we can curry or we can pass a pair. We can also write higher-order functions to switch back and forth between the two forms.
fst :: (a,b) -> a
fst (x,_) = x
snd :: (a,b) -> b
snd (_,y) = y
curry :: ((a, b) -> c) -> a -> b -> c
curry f x y = f (x, y)
uncurry :: (a -> b -> c) -> ((a, b) -> c)
uncurry f p = f (fst p) (snd p)
Prelude> :t uncurry myadd
uncurry myadd :: (Integer, Integer) -> Integer
Prelude> :t curry mypairadd
curry mypairadd :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
Prelude> :t uncurry map
uncurry map :: (a -> b, [a]) -> [b]
Prelude> :t curry (uncurry myadd) -- a no-op
curry (uncurry myadd) :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
Look at the types: these mappings in both directions in some sense
"implement" the well-known isomorphism on sets: A * B -> C = A -> B -> C
A bigger example
Here is a more high-powered example of the use of currying.
foldr f [] y = y
foldr f (x:xs) y = f x (foldr f xs y)
*Main> :t foldr
foldr :: (a -> t -> t) -> [a] -> t -> t
*Main> let prod = foldr (\a x -> a * x)
*Main> :t prod
prod :: [Integer] -> Integer -> Integer
*Main> let prod0 = prod [1,2,3,4]
*Main> :t prod0
prod0 :: Integer -> Integer
*Main> (prod0 1, prod0 2)
Here is an analysis of this recursive function, for the arbitrary 2-element list [x1,x2], the call
foldr f [x1, x2] y
reduces to (by inlining the body of fold):
f x1 (foldr f [x2] y)
which in turn reduces to:
f x1 (f x2 (foldr f [] y)))
and then:
f x1 (f x2 y)
From this we can assert that the general result returned from
foldr f [x1,x2,...,xn] y
is f x1 (f x2 f ...(f xn y)...))))
. Currying allows us to specialize foldr to a
particular function f, as with prod above.
Proving program properties by induction
We should in fact be able to prove this property by induction. Its easier if we reverse the numbering of the list.
Lemma. foldr f [xn,...,x1] y
evaluates to
f xn (f xn-1 f ...(f x1 y)...)))
for n greater than 0.
Proof. Proceed by induction on the length of the list
Base Case n=1, i.e. the list is [x1]. The function reduces to
f x1 (foldr f [] y)
which reduces to f x1 y
Induction Step. Assume
foldr f [xn,...,x1] y
reduces to
f xn (f xn-1 f ...(f x1 y)...)))
and show
foldr f [xn+1, xn,...,x1] y
reduces to
f xn+1 (f xn f ...(f x1 y)...))))
foldr f [x1,x2,...,xn,xn+1] y
it matches the pattern with x being xn+1 and xs being
. Thus the recursive call is
foldr f [xn,...,x1] y
which by our inductive assumption reduces to
f xn (f xn-1 f ...(f x1 y)...)))
And, given this result for the recursive call, the whole function then returns
f xn+1 (...result of recursive call...)
which is
f xn+1 (f xn (f xn-1 f ...(f x1 y)...)))
which is what we needed to show. QED
The above implementation is inefficient in that f is explicitly passed to every recursive call. Here is a more efficient version with identical functionality.
foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b
foldr k z xs = go xs
go [] = z
go (y:ys) = y `k` go ys
This function also illustrates how functions may be defined in a local scope,
using where
. Observe 'go' is defined locally but then exported
since it is the return value of f.
Question: How does the return value 'go' know where to look for k when its called??
Prelude> let summate = foldr (+)
Prelude> summate [1,2,3,4] 0
is just go
but somehow it "knows" that k is
, even though k is undefined at the top level:
Prelude> k
<interactive>:1:0: Not in scope: `k'
in fact knew the right k to call, so it must have been kept
somewhere: in a closure. At function definition point, the current values
of variables not local to the function definition are remembered in a structure
called a closure. Function values in Haskell are thus really a pair consisting
of the function (pointer) and the local environment, in a closure.
Without making a closure, higher-order functions will do awkward things (such as binding to whatever 'k' happens to be in scope). Java, C++, C can pass and return function (pointers), but all functions are defined at the top level so they have no closures.
Loading source from a file
You should never type large amounts of code directly into GHCi! Its impossible to fix errors. Instead, you should edit in a file. Usingg any editor, save each group of interlinked functions in a separate file, for example "A.hs". Then, from GHCi type:
Prelude> :l A.hs
This will compile everything in the file.
Haskell has the show function.
*Main> show 1
*Main> show (1,2,'x')
*Main> show "haskell"
*Main> show (Just ())
"Just ()"
It simply returns a string representation for its arguments.
We have generally been ignoring the type system of Haskell up to now. Its time to focus on typing in more detail.
Type Declarations
Haskell infers types for you, but you can add explicit type declarations if you like.
let myadd :: Int -> Int -> Int
myadd x y = x + y
*Main> :t myadd
myadd :: Int -> Int -> Int
*Main> :set -fglasgow-exts
let myadd (x :: Int) (y :: Int) = x + y
*Main> :t myadd
myadd :: Int -> Int -> Int
You can in fact put type assertions on any variable in an expression to clarify what type the variable has:
*Main> let myadd (x :: Int) (y :: Int) = (x :: Int) + y
*Main> :t myadd
myadd :: Int -> Int -> Int
Type synonyms
You can also make up your own name for any type. To do this, you must work in a separate file and load it into GHCi using the ":load A.hs" command.
type IntPair = (Int,Int)
f :: IntPair -> Int
f (l,r) = l + r
Working from GHCi:
f :: IntPair -> Int
*Main> :l A.hs
*Main> :t f
f :: IntPair -> Int
*Main> f (2,3)
Polymorphic Types and Type Inference
*Main> let id x = x
*Main> :t id
id :: forall t. t -> t
*Main> id 3
*Main> id True
Since id
was not used as any type in particular, the type of the
function is polymorphic ("many forms").
is a type variable, meaning it stands for some arbitrary type.- Polymorphism is really needed with type inference -- inferring
Int -> Int
would not be completely general.
Parametric polymorphism
The form of polymorphism in Haskell is to be precise, parametric polymorphism. The type above is parametric in t: what comes out is the same type as what came in. Generics is another term for parametric polymorphism used in some communities.
- Java has no parametric polymorphism, but does have object polymorphism (unfortunately this is often just called polymorphism by some writers) in that a subclass object can fit into a superclass-declared variable.
- When you want parametric polymorphism in Java you declare the variable to be of type Object, but you have to cast when you get it out which requires a run-time check.
- The Java JDK version 1.5 will have parametrically polymorphic types in it.
The general intuition to have about the type inference algorithm is everything starts out as having arbitrary types, t, u, etc, but then the use of functions on values generates constraints that "this thing has the same type as that thing".
Use of type-specific operators obviously restricts polymorphism:
*Main> let doublenegate x = not (not x)
*Main> :t doublenegate
doublenegate :: Bool -> Bool
When a function is defined via let to have polymorphic type, every use can be at a different type:
let id x = x
in case id True of
True -> id 3
False -> id 4
Algebraic Data Types
Algebraic data types in Haskell are the analogue of union/variant types in C/Pascal. Following in the Haskell tradition of lists and tuples, they are not mutable. Haskell data types must be declared. Here is a really simple algebraic data type declaration to get warmed up, remember to write this in a separate file, and load it in to HHCi:
data Height = Tall | Medium | Short
Three constructors have been defined. These are now official constants. Constructors must be capitalized, and variables must be lower-case in Haskell.
*Main> :l A.hs
*Main> :t Tall
Tall :: Height
*Main> Tall
Top level:
No instance for (Show Height)
So we can type check them, but can't show them yet. Let's derive the
typeclass Show
for our data type, which generates a 'show'
function for our data type, which GHCi can then use to display the value.
data Height = Tall | Medium | Short
deriving Show
*Main> :reload
*Main> Tall
The previous type is only an enumerated type. Much more interesting data types can be defined. Remember the (recursive) list type:
data [] a = [] | a : [a]
*Main> (:) 3 ((:) (3+1) [])
*Main> 3 : 3+1 : []
This form of type has several new features:
- As in C/Pascal, the data types can have values and they can be recursively defined, plus,
- Polymorphic data types can be defined; a here is a type argument.
- Note how there is no need to use pointers in defining recursive variant types. The compiler does all that mucking around for you.
- Also note how
, the constructor, can be used as a function.
We can define trees rather simply:
data Tree a = Empty | Node a (Tree a) (Tree a)
Patterns automatically work for new data types.
Record Declarations
Records are data types with labels on fields. They are very similar to structs of C/C++. Their types are declared just like normal data types, and can be used in pattern matches.
data OneTwo = OneTwo { one :: Int, two :: String }
deriving Show
*Main> let x = OneTwo { one = 2 , two = "ni" }
*Main> one x
*Main> case x of OneTwo { one = x, two = s } -> x
Imperative Programming
Haskell and OCaml differ on imperative programming: OCaml mixes pure and impure code, while Haskell separates them statically.
The expressions and functions for I/O, mutable states, and other side effects have a special type. They enjoy a distinguished status: they are I/O instructions, and the entry point of each complete program must be one of them. The following honours this distinction by using the word command for them (another popular name is action), though they are also expressions, values, functions.
Commands have types of the form IO a
, which says it takes
no parameter and it gives an answer of type a
. (I will
carefully avoid saying it "returns" type a
, since
"return" is too overloaded.) There are also functions of type
b -> IO a
, and I will abuse terminology and call this a
command needing a parameter of type b
, even though the
correct description should be: a function from b
The command for writing a line to Standard Output is
putStrLn :: String -> IO ()
It outputs the string parameter, plus linebreak. And since there is no
answer to give, the answer type is the most boring ()
At first, using output commands at the prompt is as easy as using expressions.
Prelude> putStrLn "Hello world"
Hello world
You can also write a compound command with the >>
Prelude> putStrLn "Hello" >> putStrLn "world"
The fun begins when you also take input. The command for reading one line from Standard Input is:
getLine :: IO String
Note that the type is not String
or ()->String
In a purely functional language, such types promise that all calls
using the same parameter yield the exactly same string.
This is of course what an input command cannot promise. If you read
two lines, they are very likely to be different. The type
IO String
does not promise to give the same string all
the time. (It only promises to be the same command all the time—a
rather "duh" one.) But this poses a question: how do we get at
the line it reads?
A non-solution is to expect an operation
stripIO :: IO a -> a
What's wrong with this strip-that-IO mentality is that it asks to
convert a command, which gives different answers at different calls,
into a pure function, which gives the same answer at different calls.
But you can ask for a weaker operation: how to pass the answer on to subsequent commands (e.g., output commands) so they can use it. A moment of thought reveals that this is all you ever need. The operator sought is
(>>=) :: IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b
It builds a compound command from two commands, the first one of which
takes no parameter and gives an answer of type a
, and the
second of which needs a parameter of type a
You guessed it: this operator extracts the answer from the first command
and passes it to the second. Now you have some way to use the answer!
Here is the first example. Why don't we read a line and immediately
display it? getLine
answers a string, and
wants a string. Perfect match!
Prelude> getLine >>= putStrLn
Good morning
Good morning
But more often you want to output something derived from the input, rather than the input itself verbatim. To do this, you customize the second command to smuggle in the derivation. The trick of anonymous functions is very useful for this:
Prelude> getLine >>= \s -> putStrLn ("You entered: " ++ s)
Good morning
You entered: Good morning
You will also want to give derived answers, especially if you write
subroutines to be called from other code. This is facilitated by the
command that takes a parameter and simply gives it as the answer
(it is curiously named return
return :: a -> IO a
For example here is a routine that reads a line and answers a derived string, with a sample usage:
Prelude> let mycmd = getLine >>= \s -> return ("You entered: " ++ s)
Prelude> mycmd >>= putStrLn
Good morning
You entered: Good morning
Some programmers never use Standard Input. Reading files is more common. One command for this is:
readFile :: String -> IO String
The parameter specifies the file path. Let us read a file and print out its first 10 characters (wherever available). Of course please change the filename to refer to some file you actually possess.
Prelude> readFile "file.txt" >>= \s -> putStrLn (take 10 s)
Do not worry about slurping up the whole file into memory;
performs a magic of pay-as-you-go reading.
A while ago I showed the >>
operator for compound commands
without elaboration. I can now elaborate it: it merely uses
in a way that throws away the first answer:
putStrLn "x" >> putStrLn "y"
= putStrLn "x" >>= \_ -> putStrLn "y"
To bring imperative code closer to imperative look, Haskell
provides the do-notation, which hides the >>=
operator and the anonymous functions. An example illustrates
this notation well, and it should be easy to generalize:
cmd0 >>= \x -> cmd1 >>= \_ -> cmd2 >>= \z -> cmd3
= do { x <- cmd0; cmd1; z <- cmd2; cmd3 }
, cmd2
, and cmd3
use x
as a parameter; similarly, cmd3
may use z
as a parameter. At the end, between
and }
, you may choose to insert
or omit semicolons; similarly right after {
at the
Below we re-express examples in the previous section in the do-notation.
Prelude> do { putStrLn "Hello"; putStrLn "world" }
Prelude> do { s <- getLine; putStrLn s }
Good morning
Good morning
Prelude> do { s <- getLine; putStrLn ("You entered: " ++ s) }
Good morning
You entered: Good morning
Prelude> let mycmd = do { s <- getLine; return ("You entered: " ++ s) }
Prelude> do { s <- mycmd; putStrLn s }
Good morning
You entered: Good morning
Prelude> do { s <- readFile "file.txt"; putStrLn (take 10 s) }
At the prompt it is necessary to write one-liners. In a source code
file it is more common to use multiple lines, one line for one
command, as per tradition. In this case, layout rules allow
omitting {;}
in favour of indentation. Thus, here are
two valid ways of writing the same do-block in a source code file,
one with {;}
and the other with layout.
foo = do { name <- getLine; foo = do name <- getLine
s <- readFile name; s <- readFile name
putStrLn (take 10 s) putStrLn (take 10 s)
Mutable variables
Data.IORef Data.Array.MArray Data.Array.IO
Control.Concurrent Control.Concurrent.MVar
Mutable variables
Data.STRef Data.Array.MArray Data.Array.ST
The State monad
Monad transformers
You can easily compile your Haskell modules to standalone executables. For example, write this in a file "A.hs":
main = putStrLn "Hello, World!"
In general, main
is the entry point, and you must define it to be whatever you want run. (TODO: once the monad/IO section is done, this place should also say more about main and IO.)
The compiler, on unix systems, is ghc. For example "A.hs" can be compiled and run as:
$ ghc A.hs $ ./a.out Hello, World!
For multiple modules, use the --make flag to GHC. Example: write these two modules:
import M1
main = putStrLn s
module M1 where
s = "Hi, Everyone!"
To compile and run (this will automatically look for M1.hs):
$ ghc --make B.hs $ ./a.out Hi, Everyone!
In general, one and only one file must define main
. In general, for all other files, the filename must match the module name.


text:
The next president of the United States must do right by our men and women in uniform. Our troops put their lives on the line to protect our right to vote, but untold thousands of them were unable to cast their own ballots on Tuesday. For shame.
Veterans groups and soldiers advocates have warned about military disenfranchisement for years. M. Eric Eversole, director of the Military Voter Protection (MVP) Project and a former litigation attorney in the Voting Section of the U.S. Department of Justice, reported that "more than 17,000 military and overseas voters were disenfranchised in 2008 because their ballots arrived after the deadline and had to be rejected."
That doesn't include the thousands more whose ballots never arrived or arrived at their bases too close to the election to be returned. The total number of troops affected this year could be more than double or triple that because of the relocation of nearly 70,000 military personnel out of Iraq and Afghanistan over the past year.
More alarming, the feds acknowledged last week that a transport plane that crashed at Shindand Air Base in Afghanistan on Oct. 19 was carrying 4,700 pounds of mail—including an unknown number of absentee ballots.
Experts agree that a minimum 45-day mailing standard is needed to provide soldiers overseas sufficient time to get their ballots home. But the feds have done virtually nothing to ensure that laggard states comply with military voter protection statutes. In fact, the Obama administration has actively worked against pro-troop voting protection efforts by suing to stop Ohio's military enfranchisement reforms.
Moreover, according to a report by the Military Voter Protection Project released on Election Eve, the number of absentee ballot requests by both military members and other overseas voters in the battleground states of Virginia and Ohio has dropped 70 percent since 2008. Despite a federal law mandating that every base establish a voting assistance office (the 2009 Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment Act), the Pentagon reported this summer that it could only contact such offices on half of the military's bases. In Wisconsin alone this election cycle, at least 30 municipalities failed to send absentee ballots to members of the military before the 45-day election deadline.
On Monday, GOP Sens. John Cornyn, Kelly Ayotte, John McCain, Rob Portman and Marco Rubio raised the issue with President Obama's Defense Secretary Leon Panetta. The group noted that the DoD's Military Postal Service Agency (MPSA) had documented widespread problems experienced by overseas military voters during the last midterm elections, but that the department had taken no steps to make mail streamlining and modernization changes recommended in 2010.
The most simple, efficient fix involves a centralized mail forwarding system for blank absentee ballots to accommodate transient servicemen and servicewomen. The U.S. Postal System already has a similar system in place for civilian use.
"We are perplexed as to why DoD did not do everything in its power to modernize the system for redirecting blank ballots in order to eliminate this roadblock for military service members," the senators told Panetta. Perplexed? Try steamed. Outraged. Livid. "Our men and women in uniform should be able to participate in the very same democratic system of government that they defend, not be relegated to mere spectator status because their ballot never reached them."
The profligate Obama administration—which squandered trillions of taxpayer dollars on a failed stimulus law, billions on dozens of now-bankrupt green boondoggles, billions to the Muslim Brotherhood-coddling government of Egypt, and multimillions on the first lady's junkets in Spain and around the world—has the audacity to blame funding woes for its neglect of military enfranchisement reform. A White House less focused on revenge and redistribution would put the rights of those who secure our blessings of liberty first. They deserve nothing less.
Michelle Malkin [email her] is the author of Invasion: How America Still Welcomes Terrorists, Criminals, and Other Foreign Menaces to Our Shores . Click here for Peter Brimelow's review. Click here for Michelle Malkin's website. Michelle Malkin is also author of Unhinged: Exposing Liberals Gone Wild and Culture of Corruption: Obama and His Team of Tax Cheats, Crooks, and Cronies.


text:
chflags(1) [freebsd man page]
CHFLAGS(1) BSD General Commands Manual CHFLAGS(1) NAME
chflags -- change file flags SYNOPSIS
chflags [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] flags file ... DESCRIPTION
The chflags utility modifies the file flags of the listed files as specified by the flags operand. The options are as follows: -f Do not display a diagnostic message if chflags could not modify the flags for file, nor modify the exit status to reflect such fail- ures. -H If the -R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.) -h If the file is a symbolic link, change the file flags of the link itself rather than the file to which it points. -L If the -R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed. -P If the -R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. This is the default. -R Change the file flags for the file hierarchies rooted in the files instead of just the files themselves. -v Cause chflags to be verbose, showing filenames as the flags are modified. If the -v option is specified more than once, the old and new flags of the file will also be printed, in octal notation. The flags are specified as an octal number or a comma separated list of keywords. The following keywords are currently defined: arch, archived set the archived flag (super-user only) nodump set the nodump flag (owner or super-user only) opaque set the opaque flag (owner or super-user only) sappnd, sappend set the system append-only flag (super-user only) schg, schange, simmutable set the system immutable flag (super-user only) snapshot set the snapshot flag (filesystems do not allow changing this flag) sunlnk, sunlink set the system undeletable flag (super-user only) uappnd, uappend set the user append-only flag (owner or super-user only) uarch, uarchive set the archive flag (owner or super-user only) uchg, uchange, uimmutable set the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only) uhidden, hidden set the hidden file attribute (owner or super-user only) uoffline, offline set the offline file attribute (owner or super-user only) urdonly, rdonly, readonly set the DOS, Windows and CIFS readonly flag (owner or super-user only) usparse, sparse set the sparse file attribute (owner or super-user only) usystem, system set the DOS, Windows and CIFS system flag (owner or super-user only) ureparse, reparse set the Windows reparse point file attribute (owner or super-user only) uunlnk, uunlink set the user undeletable flag (owner or super-user only) Putting the letters ``no'' before or removing the letters ``no'' from a keyword causes the flag to be cleared. For example: nouchg clear the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only) dump clear the nodump flag (owner or super-user only) A few of the octal values include: 0 Clear all file flags. 1 Translates to the nodump keyword. 2 Translates to the uchg keyword. 3 Translates to the uchg, nodump keywords. 4 Translates to the uappnd keyword. 10 Translates to the opaque keyword. 20 translates to the uunlnk keyword. Other combinations of keywords may be placed by using the octets assigned; however, these are the most notable. Unless the -H, -L, or -h options are given, chflags on a symbolic link always succeeds and has no effect. The -H, -L and -P options are ignored unless the -R option is specified. In addition, these options override each other and the command's actions are determined by the last one specified. You can use "ls -lo" to see the flags of existing files. Note that the ability to change certain flags is dependent on the current kernel securelevel setting. See security(7) for more information on this setting. EXIT STATUS
The chflags utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. SEE ALSO
ls(1), chflags(2), stat(2), fts(3), security(7), symlink(7) HISTORY
The chflags command first appeared in 4.4BSD. BUGS
Only a limited number of utilities are chflags aware. Some of these tools include ls(1), cp(1), find(1), install(1), dump(8), and restore(8). In particular a tool which is not currently chflags aware is the pax(1) utility. BSD
April 8, 2013 BSD


text:
Motovario Geared Motor NMRVP110
Transdrive offer a high quality range of Geared Motors combining the quality of both Motovario and Teco ranges to offer a value for money product.
Gearbox:- Motovario NMRVP110 ratio 15:1
Motovario NMRV (sizes 25 - 50) and NMRV POWER (sizes 63-110) worm geared motors currently represent the most advanced solution to market requirements in terms of efficiency and flexibility. The new NMRV Power series, also available as compact integral helical/worm option, has been designed with a view to modularity: low number of basic models can be applied to a wide range of power ratings guaranteeing top performance and reduction ratios from 5 to 1000.
Motor:- 7.5kW 4 Pole (1400) Teco LVED AC Motor, IE2, B14 Face Mounted, Aluminium Construction, Frame Size D71
A high quality AC motor from Teco Westinghouse, the world's third largest producer of Electric Motors, and the USA's number one.
This new range of Teco LVED IE2 efficiency motors has been specially developed to meet the new European Efficiency Directive that came into law in the UK in June 2011. As part of Teco Westinghouse strategy to enter the European Market they used their European market knowledge and worldwide expertise to produce a motor that has one of the best specifications available today with a value for money price.
The result is a high quality multi-mount range of motors with certified lE2 efficiency and have standard features that are options on some of the main competitor products:
- Output Speed 93rpm
- Ratio - 15:1
- Torque 668Nm
- Motovario Gearhead Right Angle Worm Type NMRVP110
- Motor Power 7.5kW
- Motor Speed 1400rpm Nominal ( 4 Pole )
- Motor Mounted B14


text:
The following statement left me searching for answers for about a day before I finally clued in:
"Process Control should not be enabled within a web server environment and unexpected results may happen if any Process Control functions are used within a web server environment."
At least for PHP 5.3.8 which I am using, and who knows how far back, it's not a matter of "should not", it's "can not". Even though I have compiled in PCNTL with --enable-pcntl, it turns out that it only compiles in to the CLI version of PHP, not the Apache module. As a result, I spent many hours trying to track down why function_exists('pcntl_fork') was returning false even though it compiled correctly. It turns out it returns true just fine from the CLI, and only returns false for HTTP requests. The same is true of ALL of the pcntl_*() functions.


text:
Urethral suspension – Tension-free vaginal tape procedure
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Definition
Stress incontinence is one of the many causes of uncontrolled leaking of urine. Urethral suspension is a surgery to correct incontinence in women.
The incontinence is most often caused by weakening of the pelvic muscles that normally keep the bladder in position. The muscles may be weakened by:
- Pregnancy
- Childbirth
- Menopause
- Previous pelvic surgery
- Lack of physical activity
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Reasons for Procedure
The goal of this surgery is to provide extra support to the urethra and give more resistance against leakage. This will stop the uncontrolled leaking of urine.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Possible Complications
Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have a urethral suspension, your doctor will review a list of possible complications which may include:
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Reactions to anesthesia
- Inability to urinate
- Continued incontinence or recurrence of the problem
- Damage to other nearby organs or blood vessels
- Erosion of the mesh material used during the procedure
- Pain (eg, during sexual intercourse)
Factors that may increase the risk of complications include:
- Smoking
- Your overall health
Talk to your doctor about any factors that may increase your risk.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
Your doctor will try to find out why you are leaking urine through some or all of the following:
- Medical history — information about medicines, illnesses, number of pregnancies, and previous surgeries; pattern of leaking and how it is affecting your life
- Urine sample — to look for the presence of infection or other problems
- Physical exam — includes a rectal and vaginal exam
- Additional testing may be ordered to evaluate bladder function and urine flow, such as:
- Urodynamic testing (urine flow studies) — a temporary catheter is placed to study bladder function
- Cystoscopy — a procedure done to view the inside of the bladder
Leading up to surgery:
- Talk to your doctor about your medicines. You may be asked to stop taking some medicines up to one week before the procedure, like:
- Aspirin or other anti-inflammatory drugs
- Blood thinners, such as warfarin (Coumadin)
- Clopidogrel (Plavix)
- Arrange for a ride home from the hospital.
- Do not eat or drink anything after midnight the night before.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Anesthesia
You may receive a spinal anesthetic to numb your lower body. General anesthesia may also be used, in which case you will be asleep.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Description of Procedure
Two incisions will be made in the vagina. A nylon mesh-like tape will be inserted in these incisions to form a hammock. This will give support to the urethra, closing the urethra during a cough or sneeze. No sutures will be needed to hold the tape in place. The mesh will hold onto the surrounding tissue until scar tissue grows into it.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Immediately After Procedure
After surgery, you will be monitored in a recovery room. You will most likely have a catheter in place to drain your urine.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – How Long Will It Take?
1-1½ hours
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – How Much Will It Hurt?
Anesthesia will block pain during the surgery. After surgery, you may experience some pain or soreness. You will be given pain medicine to relieve discomfort.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Average Hospital Stay
You may be able to go home the same day.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Postoperative Care
At the Hospital
At first, your urine may look bloody. This will resolve over time. When you are able to empty your bladder completely, the catheter will be removed. You may be up and walking the same day as the surgery.
At Home
Avoid lifting and strenuous exercise for six weeks after surgery. This will allow healing to take place. Ask your doctor about when it is safe to shower, bathe, or soak in water.
To help ensure a smooth recovery, follow your doctor's instructions.
Tension-free vaginal tape procedure – Call Your Doctor
After you leave the hospital, contact your doctor if any of the following occurs:
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills
- Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or any discharge from the incision sites
- Pain that you cannot control with the medicines you have been given
- Cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain
- Severe nausea or vomiting
- Trouble urinating
- Pain, burning, urgency, or frequency while urinating
In case of an emergency, call for medical help right away.


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You know what we think....Mainstream minifigures aren't to our standards! Solution, custom printed, highly detailed, specially designed minifigures!
Character: Superhero: Stan Lee Custom Printed Minifigure
Series: PCC
Figure #0035
1 minifigure hexagon display stand
Display Case Add On:
Optional +$5.00 to base price, includes insert card, and lego 2x4 black display brick
Display Bricks Shown Are Not Included, and are only used for size comparison, action poses, and case stands respectively.


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- Brand: Under Armour
- Size: YSM
- Color: Pink
- Category: CHILDREN'S CLOTHING - CASUAL & HIKING TOPS
Life Is Better, Outside.
Life Is Better, Outside.
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Join over 2000 consignors who use our easy consignment process. Save unused outdoor gear and clothing from lonely basement shelves. See your inventory through our online portal, and request e-transfer or use in store credit.
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When to use it?
| When not to use it?
Low coefficient of friction, high wear resistance, FDA compliant
The endurance runner at higher temperatures in the food sector
The fast and slow motion specialist, very wear-resistant
The all-rounder for food
The all-rounder for food, FDA and EU 10/2011 EC compliant
The FDA compliant endurance runner at high temperatures
Endurance runner with high media resistance
Versatile in continuous operation even for soft shafts
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Enhanced wear resistance at low to medium loads and high speeds
Low-cost material for long service life.
The specialist for the lowest coefficients of friction and minimal wear on hard anodised aluminium shaft.
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Endurance runner with high dimensional stability at high temperature
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Versatile, robust and universal
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For the tobacco industry
Suitable for contact with drinking water
Long service life, also for soft shafts
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Versatile in continuous operation even for soft shafts
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Extreme wear resistant, in black
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All-rounder sterilised with hot steam
For extreme ambient conditions
The media and temperature specialist in the food sector
Flame-retardant, according to DIN EN 45545
Good wear-resistance
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