text:
perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
This is complete documentation about all aspects of references. For a shorter, tutorial introduction to just the essential features, see perlreftut.
Before release 5 of Perl it was difficult to represent complex data structures, because all references had to be symbolic--and even then it was difficult to refer to a variable instead of a symbol table entry. Perl now not only makes it easier to use symbolic references to variables, but also lets you have "hard" references to any piece of data or code. Any scalar may hold a hard reference. Because arrays and hashes contain scalars, you can now easily build arrays of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes of functions, and so on.
Hard references are smart--they keep track of reference counts for you, automatically freeing the thing referred to when its reference count goes to zero. (Reference counts for values in self-referential or cyclic data structures may not go to zero without a little help; see "Two-Phased Garbage Collection" in perlobj for a detailed explanation.) If that thing happens to be an object, the object is destructed. See perlobj for more about objects. (In a sense, everything in Perl is an object, but we usually reserve the word for references to objects that have been officially "blessed" into a class package.)
Symbolic references are names of variables or other objects, just as a symbolic link in a Unix filesystem contains merely the name of a file. The *glob
notation is something of a of symbolic reference. (Symbolic references are sometimes called "soft references", but please don't call them that; references are confusing enough without useless synonyms.)
In contrast, hard references are more like hard links in a Unix file system: They are used to access an underlying object without concern for what its (other) name is. When the word "reference" is used without an adjective, as in the following paragraph, it is usually talking about a hard reference.
References are easy to use in Perl. There is just one overriding principle: Perl does no implicit referencing or dereferencing. When a scalar is holding a reference, it always behaves as a simple scalar. It doesn't magically start being an array or hash or subroutine; you have to tell it explicitly to do so, by dereferencing it.
References can be created in several ways.
By using the backslash operator on a variable, subroutine, or value. (This works much like the & (address-of) operator in C.) This typically creates another reference to a variable, because there's already a reference to the variable in the symbol table. But the symbol table reference might go away, and you'll still have the reference that the backslash returned. Here are some examples:
$scalarref = \$foo;
$arrayref = \@ARGV;
$hashref = \%ENV;
$coderef = \&handler;
$globref = \*foo;
It isn't possible to create a true reference to an IO handle (filehandle or dirhandle) using the backslash operator. The most you can get is a reference to a typeglob, which is actually a complete symbol table entry. But see the explanation of the *foo{THING}
syntax below. However, you can still use type globs and globrefs as though they were IO handles.
A reference to an anonymous array can be created using square brackets:
$arrayref = [1, 2, ['a', 'b', 'c']];
Here we've created a reference to an anonymous array of three elements whose final element is itself a reference to another anonymous array of three elements. (The multidimensional syntax described later can be used to access this. For example, after the above, $arrayref->[2][1]
would have the value "b".)
Taking a reference to an enumerated list is not the same as using square brackets--instead it's the same as creating a list of references!
@list = (\$a, \@b, \%c);
@list = \($a, @b, %c); # same thing!
As a special case, \(@foo)
returns a list of references to the contents of @foo
, not a reference to @foo
itself. Likewise for %foo
, except that the key references are to copies (since the keys are just strings rather than full-fledged scalars).
A reference to an anonymous hash can be created using curly brackets:
$hashref = {
'Adam' => 'Eve',
'Clyde' => 'Bonnie',
Anonymous hash and array composers like these can be intermixed freely to produce as complicated a structure as you want. The multidimensional syntax described below works for these too. The values above are literals, but variables and expressions would work just as well, because assignment operators in Perl (even within local() or my()) are executable statements, not compile-time declarations.
Because curly brackets (braces) are used for several other things including BLOCKs, you may occasionally have to disambiguate braces at the beginning of a statement by putting a +
or a return
in front so that Perl realizes the opening brace isn't starting a BLOCK. The economy and mnemonic value of using curlies is deemed worth this occasional extra hassle.
For example, if you wanted a function to make a new hash and return a reference to it, you have these options:
sub hashem { { @_ } } # silently wrong
sub hashem { +{ @_ } } # ok
sub hashem { return { @_ } } # ok
On the other hand, if you want the other meaning, you can do this:
sub showem { { @_ } } # ambiguous (currently ok, but may change)
sub showem { {; @_ } } # ok
sub showem { { return @_ } } # ok
The leading +{
and {;
always serve to disambiguate the expression to mean either the HASH reference, or the BLOCK.
A reference to an anonymous subroutine can be created by using sub
without a subname:
$coderef = sub { print "Boink!\n" };
Note the semicolon. Except for the code inside not being immediately executed, a sub {}
is not so much a declaration as it is an operator, like do{}
or eval{}
. (However, no matter how many times you execute that particular line (unless you're in an eval("...")
), $coderef will still have a reference to the same anonymous subroutine.)
Anonymous subroutines act as closures with respect to my() variables, that is, variables lexically visible within the current scope. Closure is a notion out of the Lisp world that says if you define an anonymous function in a particular lexical context, it pretends to run in that context even when it's called outside the context.
In human terms, it's a funny way of passing arguments to a subroutine when you define it as well as when you call it. It's useful for setting up little bits of code to run later, such as callbacks. You can even do object-oriented stuff with it, though Perl already provides a different mechanism to do that--see perlobj.
You might also think of closure as a way to write a subroutine template without using eval(). Here's a small example of how closures work:
sub newprint {
my $x = shift;
return sub { my $y = shift; print "$x, $y!\n"; };
$h = newprint("Howdy");
$g = newprint("Greetings");
# Time passes...
This prints
Howdy, world!
Greetings, earthlings!
Note particularly that $x continues to refer to the value passed into newprint() despite "my $x" having gone out of scope by the time the anonymous subroutine runs. That's what a closure is all about.
This applies only to lexical variables, by the way. Dynamic variables continue to work as they have always worked. Closure is not something that most Perl programmers need trouble themselves about to begin with.
References are often returned by special subroutines called constructors. Perl objects are just references to a special type of object that happens to know which package it's associated with. Constructors are just special subroutines that know how to create that association. They do so by starting with an ordinary reference, and it remains an ordinary reference even while it's also being an object. Constructors are often named new() and called indirectly:
$objref = new Doggie (Tail => 'short', Ears => 'long');
But don't have to be:
$objref = Doggie->new(Tail => 'short', Ears => 'long');
use Term::Cap;
$terminal = Term::Cap->Tgetent( { OSPEED => 9600 });
use Tk;
$main = MainWindow->new();
$menubar = $main->Frame(-relief => "raised",
-borderwidth => 2)
References of the appropriate type can spring into existence if you dereference them in a context that assumes they exist. Because we haven't talked about dereferencing yet, we can't show you any examples yet.
A reference can be created by using a special syntax, lovingly known as the *foo{THING} syntax. *foo{THING} returns a reference to the THING slot in *foo (which is the symbol table entry which holds everything known as foo).
$scalarref = *foo{SCALAR};
$arrayref = *ARGV{ARRAY};
$hashref = *ENV{HASH};
$coderef = *handler{CODE};
$ioref = *STDIN{IO};
$globref = *foo{GLOB};
All of these are self-explanatory except for *foo{IO}
. It returns the IO handle, used for file handles ("open" in perlfunc), sockets ("socket" in perlfunc and "socketpair" in perlfunc), and directory handles ("opendir" in perlfunc). For compatibility with previous versions of Perl, *foo{FILEHANDLE}
is a synonym for *foo{IO}
returns undef if that particular THING hasn't been used yet, except in the case of scalars. *foo{SCALAR}
returns a reference to an anonymous scalar if $foo hasn't been used yet. This might change in a future release.
is an alternative to the *HANDLE
mechanism given in "Typeglobs and Filehandles" in perldata for passing filehandles into or out of subroutines, or storing into larger data structures. Its disadvantage is that it won't create a new filehandle for you. Its advantage is that you have less risk of clobbering more than you want to with a typeglob assignment. (It still conflates file and directory handles, though.) However, if you assign the incoming value to a scalar instead of a typeglob as we do in the examples below, there's no risk of that happening.
splutter(*STDOUT); # pass the whole glob
splutter(*STDOUT{IO}); # pass both file and dir handles
sub splutter {
my $fh = shift;
print $fh "her um well a hmmm\n";
$rec = get_rec(*STDIN); # pass the whole glob
$rec = get_rec(*STDIN{IO}); # pass both file and dir handles
sub get_rec {
my $fh = shift;
return scalar <$fh>;
That's it for creating references. By now you're probably dying to know how to use references to get back to your long-lost data. There are several basic methods.
Anywhere you'd put an identifier (or chain of identifiers) as part of a variable or subroutine name, you can replace the identifier with a simple scalar variable containing a reference of the correct type:
$bar = $$scalarref;
push(@$arrayref, $filename);
$$arrayref[0] = "January";
$$hashref{"KEY"} = "VALUE";
print $globref "output\n";
It's important to understand that we are specifically not dereferencing $arrayref[0]
or $hashref{"KEY"}
there. The dereference of the scalar variable happens before it does any key lookups. Anything more complicated than a simple scalar variable must use methods 2 or 3 below. However, a "simple scalar" includes an identifier that itself uses method 1 recursively. Therefore, the following prints "howdy".
$refrefref = \\\"howdy";
print $$$$refrefref;
Anywhere you'd put an identifier (or chain of identifiers) as part of a variable or subroutine name, you can replace the identifier with a BLOCK returning a reference of the correct type. In other words, the previous examples could be written like this:
$bar = ${$scalarref};
push(@{$arrayref}, $filename);
${$arrayref}[0] = "January";
${$hashref}{"KEY"} = "VALUE";
$globref->print("output\n"); # iff IO::Handle is loaded
Admittedly, it's a little silly to use the curlies in this case, but the BLOCK can contain any arbitrary expression, in particular, subscripted expressions:
&{ $dispatch{$index} }(1,2,3); # call correct routine
Because of being able to omit the curlies for the simple case of $$x
, people often make the mistake of viewing the dereferencing symbols as proper operators, and wonder about their precedence. If they were, though, you could use parentheses instead of braces. That's not the case. Consider the difference below; case 0 is a short-hand version of case 1, not case 2:
$$hashref{"KEY"} = "VALUE"; # CASE 0
${$hashref}{"KEY"} = "VALUE"; # CASE 1
${$hashref{"KEY"}} = "VALUE"; # CASE 2
${$hashref->{"KEY"}} = "VALUE"; # CASE 3
Case 2 is also deceptive in that you're accessing a variable called %hashref, not dereferencing through $hashref to the hash it's presumably referencing. That would be case 3.
Subroutine calls and lookups of individual array elements arise often enough that it gets cumbersome to use method 2. As a form of syntactic sugar, the examples for method 2 may be written:
$arrayref->[0] = "January"; # Array element
$hashref->{"KEY"} = "VALUE"; # Hash element
$coderef->(1,2,3); # Subroutine call
The left side of the arrow can be any expression returning a reference, including a previous dereference. Note that $array[$x]
is not the same thing as $array->[$x]
$array[$x]->{"foo"}->[0] = "January";
This is one of the cases we mentioned earlier in which references could spring into existence when in an lvalue context. Before this statement, $array[$x]
may have been undefined. If so, it's automatically defined with a hash reference so that we can look up {"foo"}
in it. Likewise $array[$x]->{"foo"}
will automatically get defined with an array reference so that we can look up [0]
in it. This process is called autovivification.
One more thing here. The arrow is optional between brackets subscripts, so you can shrink the above down to
$array[$x]{"foo"}[0] = "January";
Which, in the degenerate case of using only ordinary arrays, gives you multidimensional arrays just like C's:
$score[$x][$y][$z] += 42;
Well, okay, not entirely like C's arrays, actually. C doesn't know how to grow its arrays on demand. Perl does.
If a reference happens to be a reference to an object, then there are probably methods to access the things referred to, and you should probably stick to those methods unless you're in the class package that defines the object's methods. In other words, be nice, and don't violate the object's encapsulation without a very good reason. Perl does not enforce encapsulation. We are not totalitarians here. We do expect some basic civility though.
Using a string or number as a reference produces a symbolic reference, as explained above. Using a reference as a number produces an integer representing its storage location in memory. The only useful thing to be done with this is to compare two references numerically to see whether they refer to the same location.
if ($ref1 == $ref2) { # cheap numeric compare of references
print "refs 1 and 2 refer to the same thing\n";
Using a reference as a string produces both its referent's type, including any package blessing as described in perlobj, as well as the numeric address expressed in hex. The ref() operator returns just the type of thing the reference is pointing to, without the address. See "ref" in perlfunc for details and examples of its use.
The bless() operator may be used to associate the object a reference points to with a package functioning as an object class. See perlobj.
A typeglob may be dereferenced the same way a reference can, because the dereference syntax always indicates the type of reference desired. So ${*foo}
and ${\$foo}
both indicate the same scalar variable.
Here's a trick for interpolating a subroutine call into a string:
print "My sub returned @{[mysub(1,2,3)]} that time.\n";
The way it works is that when the @{...}
is seen in the double-quoted string, it's evaluated as a block. The block creates a reference to an anonymous array containing the results of the call to mysub(1,2,3)
. So the whole block returns a reference to an array, which is then dereferenced by @{...}
and stuck into the double-quoted string. This chicanery is also useful for arbitrary expressions:
print "That yields @{[$n + 5]} widgets\n";
We said that references spring into existence as necessary if they are undefined, but we didn't say what happens if a value used as a reference is already defined, but isn't a hard reference. If you use it as a reference, it'll be treated as a symbolic reference. That is, the value of the scalar is taken to be the name of a variable, rather than a direct link to a (possibly) anonymous value.
People frequently expect it to work like this. So it does.
$name = "foo";
$$name = 1; # Sets $foo
${$name} = 2; # Sets $foo
${$name x 2} = 3; # Sets $foofoo
$name->[0] = 4; # Sets $foo[0]
@$name = (); # Clears @foo
&$name(); # Calls &foo() (as in Perl 4)
$pack = "THAT";
${"${pack}::$name"} = 5; # Sets $THAT::foo without eval
This is powerful, and slightly dangerous, in that it's possible to intend (with the utmost sincerity) to use a hard reference, and accidentally use a symbolic reference instead. To protect against that, you can say
use strict 'refs';
and then only hard references will be allowed for the rest of the enclosing block. An inner block may countermand that with
no strict 'refs';
Only package variables (globals, even if localized) are visible to symbolic references. Lexical variables (declared with my()) aren't in a symbol table, and thus are invisible to this mechanism. For example:
local $value = 10;
$ref = "value";
my $value = 20;
print $$ref;
This will still print 10, not 20. Remember that local() affects package variables, which are all "global" to the package.
A new feature contributing to readability in perl version 5.001 is that the brackets around a symbolic reference behave more like quotes, just as they always have within a string. That is,
$push = "pop on ";
print "${push}over";
has always meant to print "pop on over", even though push is a reserved word. This has been generalized to work the same outside of quotes, so that
print ${push} . "over";
and even
print ${ push } . "over";
will have the same effect. (This would have been a syntax error in Perl 5.000, though Perl 4 allowed it in the spaceless form.) This construct is not considered to be a symbolic reference when you're using strict refs:
use strict 'refs';
${ bareword }; # Okay, means $bareword.
${ "bareword" }; # Error, symbolic reference.
Similarly, because of all the subscripting that is done using single words, we've applied the same rule to any bareword that is used for subscripting a hash. So now, instead of writing
$array{ "aaa" }{ "bbb" }{ "ccc" }
you can write just
$array{ aaa }{ bbb }{ ccc }
and not worry about whether the subscripts are reserved words. In the rare event that you do wish to do something like
$array{ shift }
you can force interpretation as a reserved word by adding anything that makes it more than a bareword:
$array{ shift() }
$array{ +shift }
$array{ shift @_ }
The use warnings
pragma or the -w switch will warn you if it interprets a reserved word as a string. But it will no longer warn you about using lowercase words, because the string is effectively quoted.
WARNING: This section describes an experimental feature. Details may change without notice in future versions.
Beginning with release 5.005 of Perl, you may use an array reference in some contexts that would normally require a hash reference. This allows you to access array elements using symbolic names, as if they were fields in a structure.
For this to work, the array must contain extra information. The first element of the array has to be a hash reference that maps field names to array indices. Here is an example:
$struct = [{foo => 1, bar => 2}, "FOO", "BAR"];
$struct->{foo}; # same as $struct->[1], i.e. "FOO"
$struct->{bar}; # same as $struct->[2], i.e. "BAR"
keys %$struct; # will return ("foo", "bar") in some order
values %$struct; # will return ("FOO", "BAR") in same some order
while (my($k,$v) = each %$struct) {
print "$k => $v\n";
Perl will raise an exception if you try to access nonexistent fields. To avoid inconsistencies, always use the fields::phash() function provided by the fields
use fields;
$pseudohash = fields::phash(foo => "FOO", bar => "BAR");
For better performance, Perl can also do the translation from field names to array indices at compile time for typed object references. See fields.
There are two ways to check for the existence of a key in a pseudo-hash. The first is to use exists(). This checks to see if the given field has ever been set. It acts this way to match the behavior of a regular hash. For instance:
use fields;
$phash = fields::phash([qw(foo bar pants)], ['FOO']);
$phash->{pants} = undef;
print exists $phash->{foo}; # true, 'foo' was set in the declaration
print exists $phash->{bar}; # false, 'bar' has not been used.
print exists $phash->{pants}; # true, your 'pants' have been touched
The second is to use exists() on the hash reference sitting in the first array element. This checks to see if the given key is a valid field in the pseudo-hash.
print exists $phash->[0]{bar}; # true, 'bar' is a valid field
print exists $phash->[0]{shoes};# false, 'shoes' can't be used
delete() on a pseudo-hash element only deletes the value corresponding to the key, not the key itself. To delete the key, you'll have to explicitly delete it from the first hash element.
print delete $phash->{foo}; # prints $phash->[1], "FOO"
print exists $phash->{foo}; # false
print exists $phash->[0]{foo}; # true, key still exists
print delete $phash->[0]{foo}; # now key is gone
print $phash->{foo}; # runtime exception
As explained above, a closure is an anonymous function with access to the lexical variables visible when that function was compiled. It retains access to those variables even though it doesn't get run until later, such as in a signal handler or a Tk callback.
Using a closure as a function template allows us to generate many functions that act similarly. Suppose you wanted functions named after the colors that generated HTML font changes for the various colors:
print "Be ", red("careful"), "with that ", green("light");
The red() and green() functions would be similar. To create these, we'll assign a closure to a typeglob of the name of the function we're trying to build.
@colors = qw(red blue green yellow orange purple violet);
for my $name (@colors) {
no strict 'refs'; # allow symbol table manipulation
*$name = *{uc $name} = sub { "<FONT COLOR='$name'>@_</FONT>" };
Now all those different functions appear to exist independently. You can call red(), RED(), blue(), BLUE(), green(), etc. This technique saves on both compile time and memory use, and is less error-prone as well, since syntax checks happen at compile time. It's critical that any variables in the anonymous subroutine be lexicals in order to create a proper closure. That's the reasons for the my
on the loop iteration variable.
This is one of the only places where giving a prototype to a closure makes much sense. If you wanted to impose scalar context on the arguments of these functions (probably not a wise idea for this particular example), you could have written it this way instead:
*$name = sub ($) { "<FONT COLOR='$name'>$_[0]</FONT>" };
However, since prototype checking happens at compile time, the assignment above happens too late to be of much use. You could address this by putting the whole loop of assignments within a BEGIN block, forcing it to occur during compilation.
Access to lexicals that change over type--like those in the for
loop above--only works with closures, not general subroutines. In the general case, then, named subroutines do not nest properly, although anonymous ones do. If you are accustomed to using nested subroutines in other programming languages with their own private variables, you'll have to work at it a bit in Perl. The intuitive coding of this type of thing incurs mysterious warnings about ``will not stay shared''. For example, this won't work:
sub outer {
my $x = $_[0] + 35;
sub inner { return $x * 19 } # WRONG
return $x + inner();
A work-around is the following:
sub outer {
my $x = $_[0] + 35;
local *inner = sub { return $x * 19 };
return $x + inner();
Now inner() can only be called from within outer(), because of the temporary assignments of the closure (anonymous subroutine). But when it does, it has normal access to the lexical variable $x from the scope of outer().
This has the interesting effect of creating a function local to another function, something not normally supported in Perl.
You may not (usefully) use a reference as the key to a hash. It will be converted into a string:
$x{ \$a } = $a;
If you try to dereference the key, it won't do a hard dereference, and you won't accomplish what you're attempting. You might want to do something more like
$r = \@a;
$x{ $r } = $r;
And then at least you can use the values(), which will be real refs, instead of the keys(), which won't.
The standard Tie::RefHash module provides a convenient workaround to this.
Besides the obvious documents, source code can be instructive. Some pathological examples of the use of references can be found in the t/op/ref.t regression test in the Perl source directory.
See also perldsc and perllol for how to use references to create complex data structures, and perltoot, perlobj, and perlbot for how to use them to create objects.


text:
The results from Mark Six draw number 93/045 held on 10/06/1993 are displayed on this page. You can see a full prize breakdown below, including the individual prize amounts in each division and how much money was paid out in total.
The number of winners in the table below may appear as a fraction of a whole number in cases where the winning bets include at least one Partial Unit Investment (PUI). See the Prizes page for more information about playing with a PUI and how it affects the value of the prizes you can win.
Visit the Results page to view the winning numbers from the last 60 days or go to the Results Archive to find information about draws from previous years. You can also enter your numbers into our Checker to find out if you have won a prize in recent draws.
- 2
- 7
- 19
- 21
- 27
- 45
- 43
Mark Six
Prize Breakdown
Prize Tier | Prize Amount | Number of Winners | Total Division Prize Fund | |
1st | Match 6 | HK$926,660 | 0.0 | HK$0 |
Total | 0.0 | HK$0 |

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Among the lessons of the recent financial crisis is the need for virtually everyone - young and old - to acquire a basic knowledge of finance and economics.
- Ben Bernanke, Former Chairman of the Federal Reserve
These magazine-style flipbooks provide helpful information on a variety of financial topics and illustrate key financial concepts. Select one of the flipbooks below and click the image to view it.
Understanding Social Security and Medicare:
America's Retirement Safety NetSocial Security and Medicare rules can be complex. To help maximize benefits, it pays to understand your options.
Higher Education:
College Saving and Funding StrategiesCollege is an investment in your child's future. It requires a savings commitment and knowledge of funding methods.
Time to Get Tax-Savvy:
Managing Your Tax BurdenUnderstanding tax rules and spotting tax-saving opportunities might help you put the money to better use.
Wealth Preservation:
Planning to Leave a LegacyAn estate planning strategy could increase the value of your estate and help avoid potential conflicts and delays.
Financial Protection:
Using Insurance to Help Manage Life's RisksHome, auto, life, disability — Protect your financial interests by having the appropriate insurance coverage.


text:
King James Version
Proverbs 12
1 Whoso loveth instruction loveth knowledge: but he that hateth reproof is brutish.
2 A good man obtaineth favour of the LORD: but a man of wicked devices will he condemn.
3 A man shall not be established by wickedness: but the root of the righteous shall not be moved.
4 A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband: but she that maketh ashamed is as rottenness in his bones.
5 The thoughts of the righteous are right: but the counsels of the wicked are deceit.
6 The words of the wicked are to lie in wait for blood: but the mouth of the upright shall deliver them.
7 The wicked are overthrown, and are not: but the house of the righteous shall stand.
8 A man shall be commended according to his wisdom: but he that is of a perverse heart shall be despised.
9 He that is despised, and hath a servant, is better than he that honoureth himself, and lacketh bread.
10 A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
11 He that tilleth his land shall be satisfied with bread: but he that followeth vain persons is void of understanding.
12 The wicked desireth the net of evil men: but the root of the righteous yieldeth fruit.
13 The wicked is snared by the transgression of his lips: but the just shall come out of trouble.
14 A man shall be satisfied with good by the fruit of his mouth: and the recompence of a man's hands shall be rendered unto him.
15 The way of a fool is right in his own eyes: but he that hearkeneth unto counsel is wise.
16 A fool's wrath is presently known: but a prudent man covereth shame.
17 He that speaketh truth sheweth forth righteousness: but a false witness deceit.
18 There is that speaketh like the piercings of a sword: but the tongue of the wise is health.
19 The lip of truth shall be established for ever: but a lying tongue is but for a moment.
20 Deceit is in the heart of them that imagine evil: but to the counsellors of peace is joy.
21 There shall no evil happen to the just: but the wicked shall be filled with mischief.
22 Lying lips are abomination to the LORD: but they that deal truly are his delight.
23 A prudent man concealeth knowledge: but the heart of fools proclaimeth foolishness.
24 The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute.
25 Heaviness in the heart of man maketh it stoop: but a good word maketh it glad.
26 The righteous is more excellent than his neighbour: but the way of the wicked seduceth them.
27 The slothful man roasteth not that which he took in hunting: but the substance of a diligent man is precious.
28 In the way of righteousness is life; and in the pathway thereof there is no death.


text:
regexp, compile, step, advance - simple regular expression compile and match routines
#define INIT declarations #define GETC(void) getc code #define PEEKC(void) peekc code #define UNGETC(c) ungetc code #define RETURN(ptr) return code #define ERROR(val) error code extern char *loc1, *loc2, *locs; #include <regexp.h> char *compile(char *instring, char *expbuf, const char *endfug, int eof);
int step(const char *string, const char *expbuf);
int advance(const char *string, const char *expbuf);
Regular Expressions (REs) provide a mechanism to select specific strings from a set of character strings. The Simple Regular Expressions described below differ from the Internationalized Regular Expressions described on the regex(7) manual page in the following ways:
only Basic Regular Expressions are supported
the Internationalization features—character class, equivalence class, and multi-character collation—are not supported.
The functions step(), advance(), and compile() are general purpose regular expression matching routines to be used in programs that perform regular expression matching. These functions are defined by the <regexp.h> header.
The functions step() and advance() do pattern matching given a character string and a compiled regular expression as input.
The function compile() takes as input a regular expression as defined below and produces a compiled expression that can be used with step() or advance().
A regular expression specifies a set of character strings. A member of this set of strings is said to be matched by the regular expression. Some characters have special meaning when used in a regular expression; other characters stand for themselves.
The following one-character REs match a single character:
An ordinary character (not one of those discussed in 1.2 below) is a one-character RE that matches itself.
A backslash ( \ ) followed by any special character is a one-character RE that matches the special character itself. The special characters are:
., *, [ , and \ (period, asterisk, left square bracket, and backslash, respectively), which are always special, except when they appear within square brackets ([ ]; see 1.4 below).
^ (caret or circumflex), which is special at the beginning of an entire RE (see 4.1 and 4.3 below), or when it immediately follows the left of a pair of square brackets ([ ]) (see 1.4 below).
$ (dollar sign), which is special at the end of an entire RE (see 4.2 below).
The character used to bound (that is, delimit) an entire RE, which is special for that RE (for example, see how slash (/) is used in the g command, below.)
A period (.) is a one-character RE that matches any character except new-line.
A non-empty string of characters enclosed in square brackets ([ ]) is a one-character RE that matches any one character in that string. If, however, the first character of the string is a circumflex (^), the one-character RE matches any character except new-line and the remaining characters in the string. The ^ has this special meaning only if it occurs first in the string. The minus (−) may be used to indicate a range of consecutive characters; for example, [0−9] is equivalent to [0123456789]. The − loses this special meaning if it occurs first (after an initial ^, if any) or last in the string. The right square bracket (]) does not terminate such a string when it is the first character within it (after an initial ^, if any); for example, [ ]a−f] matches either a right square bracket (]) or one of the ASCII letters a through f inclusive. The four characters listed in 1.2.a above stand for themselves within such a string of characters.
The following rules may be used to construct REs from one-character REs:
A one-character RE is a RE that matches whatever the one-character RE matches.
A one-character RE followed by an asterisk (*) is a RE that matches 0 or more occurrences of the one-character RE. If there is any choice, the longest leftmost string that permits a match is chosen.
A one-character RE followed by \{ m\}, \{ m,\}, or \{ m,n\} is a RE that matches a range of occurrences of the one-character RE. The values of m and n must be non-negative integers less than 256; \{ m\} matches exactly m occurrences; \{m, \} matches at least m occurrences; \{m,n \} matches any number of occurrences between m and n inclusive. Whenever a choice exists, the RE matches as many occurrences as possible.
The concatenation of REs is a RE that matches the concatenation of the strings matched by each component of the RE.
A RE enclosed between the character sequences \ ( and \ ) is a RE that matches whatever the unadorned RE matches.
The expression \ n matches the same string of characters as was matched by an expression enclosed between \ ( and \ ) earlier in the same RE. Here n is a digit; the sub-expression specified is that beginning with the n-th occurrence of \ ( counting from the left. For example, the expression ^ \ ( . * \ ) \ 1 $ matches a line consisting of two repeated appearances of the same string.
An RE may be constrained to match words.
\ < constrains a RE to match the beginning of a string or to follow a character that is not a digit, underscore, or letter. The first character matching the RE must be a digit, underscore, or letter.
\ > constrains a RE to match the end of a string or to precede a character that is not a digit, underscore, or letter.
An entire RE may be constrained to match only an initial segment or final segment of a line (or both).
A circumflex (^) at the beginning of an entire RE constrains that RE to match an initial segment of a line.
A dollar sign ($) at the end of an entire RE constrains that RE to match a final segment of a line.
The construction ^entire RE $ constrains the entire RE to match the entire line.
The null RE (for example, // ) is equivalent to the last RE encountered.
Addresses are constructed as follows:
The character "." addresses the current line.
The character "$" addresses the last line of the buffer.
A decimal number n addresses the n-th line of the buffer.
'x addresses the line marked with the mark name character x, which must be an ASCII lowercase letter (a–z). Lines are marked with the k command described below.
A RE enclosed by slashes (/) addresses the first line found by searching forward from the line following the current line toward the end of the buffer and stopping at the first line containing a string matching the RE. If necessary, the search wraps around to the beginning of the buffer and continues up to and including the current line, so that the entire buffer is searched.
A RE enclosed in question marks (?) addresses the first line found by searching backward from the line preceding the current line toward the beginning of the buffer and stopping at the first line containing a string matching the RE. If necessary, the search wraps around to the end of the buffer and continues up to and including the current line.
An address followed by a plus sign (+) or a minus sign (−) followed by a decimal number specifies that address plus (respectively minus) the indicated number of lines. A shorthand for .+5 is .5.
If an address begins with + or −, the addition or subtraction is taken with respect to the current line; for example, −5 is understood to mean .−5.
If an address ends with + or −, then 1 is added to or subtracted from the address, respectively. As a consequence of this rule and of Rule 8, immediately above, the address − refers to the line preceding the current line. (To maintain compatibility with earlier versions of the editor, the character ^ in addresses is entirely equivalent to −.) Moreover, trailing + and − characters have a cumulative effect, so −− refers to the current line less 2.
For convenience, a comma (,) stands for the address pair 1,$, while a semicolon ( ;) stands for the pair .,$.
Characters that have special meaning except when they appear within square brackets ([ ]) or are preceded by \ are: ., *, [ , \ . Other special characters, such as $ have special meaning in more restricted contexts.
The character ^ at the beginning of an expression permits a successful match only immediately after a newline, and the character $ at the end of an expression requires a trailing newline.
Two characters have special meaning only when used within square brackets. The character − denotes a range, [ c− c], unless it is just after the open bracket or before the closing bracket, [ − c] or [ c−] in which case it has no special meaning. When used within brackets, the character ^ has the meaning complement of if it immediately follows the open bracket (example: [^c ] ); elsewhere between brackets (example: [ c^] ) it stands for the ordinary character ^.
The special meaning of the \ operator can be escaped only by preceding it with another \ , for example \\ .
Programs must have the following five macros declared before the #include <regexp.h> statement. These macros are used by the compile() routine. The macros GETC, PEEKC, and UNGETC operate on the regular expression given as input to compile().
This macro returns the value of the next character (byte) in the regular expression pattern. Successive calls to GETC should return successive characters of the regular expression.
This macro returns the next character (byte) in the regular expression. Immediately successive calls to PEEKC should return the same character, which should also be the next character returned by GETC.
This macro causes the argument c to be returned by the next call to GETC and PEEKC. No more than one character of pushback is ever needed and this character is guaranteed to be the last character read by GETC. The return value of the macro UNGETC(c) is always ignored.
This macro is used on normal exit of the compile () routine. The value of the argument ptr is a pointer to the character after the last character of the compiled regular expression. This is useful to programs which have memory allocation to manage.
This macro is the abnormal return from the compile () routine. The argument val is an error number (see ERRORS below for meanings). This call should never return.
The syntax of the compile() routine is as follows:
compile(instring , expbuf, endbuf, eof )
The first parameter, instring, is never used explicitly by the compile() routine but is useful for programs that pass down different pointers to input characters. It is sometimes used in the INIT declaration (see below). Programs which call functions to input characters or have characters in an external array can pass down a value of (char *)0 for this parameter.
The next parameter, expbuf, is a character pointer. It points to the place where the compiled regular expression will be placed.
The parameter endbuf is one more than the highest address where the compiled regular expression may be placed. If the compiled expression cannot fit in (endbuf−expbuf) bytes, a call to ERROR(50) is made.
The parameter eof is the character which marks the end of the regular expression. This character is usually a /.
Each program that includes the <regexp.h> header file must have a #define statement for INIT. It is used for dependent declarations and initializations. Most often it is used to set a register variable to point to the beginning of the regular expression so that this register variable can be used in the declarations for GETC, PEEKC, and UNGETC. Otherwise it can be used to declare external variables that might be used by GETC, PEEKC and UNGETC. (See EXAMPLES below.)
The first parameter to the step() and advance() functions is a pointer to a string of characters to be checked for a match. This string should be null terminated.
The second parameter, expbuf, is the compiled regular expression which was obtained by a call to the function compile().
The function step() returns non-zero if some substring of string matches the regular expression in expbuf and 0 if there is no match. If there is a match, two external character pointers are set as a side effect to the call to step(). The variable loc1 points to the first character that matched the regular expression; the variable loc2 points to the character after the last character that matches the regular expression. Thus if the regular expression matches the entire input string, loc1 will point to the first character of string and loc2 will point to the null at the end of string.
The function advance() returns non-zero if the initial substring of string matches the regular expression in expbuf. If there is a match, an external character pointer, loc2, is set as a side effect. The variable loc2 points to the next character in string after the last character that matched.
When advance() encounters a * or \{ \} sequence in the regular expression, it will advance its pointer to the string to be matched as far as possible and will recursively call itself trying to match the rest of the string to the rest of the regular expression. As long as there is no match, advance() will back up along the string until it finds a match or reaches the point in the string that initially matched the * or \{ \}. It is sometimes desirable to stop this backing up before the initial point in the string is reached. If the external character pointer locs is equal to the point in the string at sometime during the backing up process, advance() will break out of the loop that backs up and will return zero.
The external variables circf, sed, and nbra are reserved.
The following is an example of how the regular expression macros and calls might be defined by an application program:
#define INIT register char *sp = instring; #define GETC() (*sp++) #define PEEKC() (*sp) #define UNGETC(c) (−−sp) #define RETURN(c) return; #define ERROR(c) regerr() #include <regexp.h> . . . (void) compile(*argv, expbuf, &expbuf[ESIZE],'\0'); . . . if (step(linebuf, expbuf)) succeed;
The function compile() uses the macro RETURN on success and the macro ERROR on failure (see above). The functions step() and advance () return non-zero on a successful match and zero if there is no match. Errors are:
range endpoint too large.
bad number.
\ digit out of range.
illegal or missing delimiter.
no remembered search string.
\( \) imbalance.
too many \(.
more than 2 numbers given in \{ \}.
} expected after \.
first number exceeds second in \{ \}.
[ ] imbalance.
regular expression overflow.


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New product
Simply put, this is the best lamp wire in the world. It is the softest and most flexible cable covered with the highest quality fabrics you can buy. And ALL of our cloth covered electrical wire is made in our family-owned Italian factory by artisans who take pride in their work and have been working with fabric braiding for decades.
The subtle sheen rendered by the Italian rayon fabric we use to wrap our Opal (RH69) color cord in gives them a hint of glamor and modern appeal.
Our rayon covered cloth electric wire is wrapped with woven rayon fabric to protect the cord's integrity and enhance its durability. Our fabric cables do a great job of maintaining their flexibility and withstanding regular wear.
All of our cloth covered lamp wire color cord is available for sale by "By the Foot", so order as much or as little as you need.
Inside our cables are three individually PVC wrapped copper wires (positive, negative and ground) that are double insulated by another flexible PVC housing and then covered in our premium fabric. Our wire is fully (SVT-B) UL Listed. All of our wires are rated for 300V and can carry a weight load of 7.7 pounds. If you are working an a lighting project that only needs a 2-conductor cord all you need to do is just clip the green (ground) wire leaving only the black (positive) wire and white (negative) wire.
It's best to order an extra 1-2 feet more cloth covered wire than you think you need for your project or light fixture to take account for any cuts and stripping of wires (or mistakes). Remember to always consult a licensed electrician if you have questions.
**IMPORTANT: Due to UL regulations we cannot accept returns for cut-to-order wire, only full 150' spools of unopened wire may be returned. Again, this is required by UL regulations. Be sure to confirm that all colors and length of wire before ordering.**
UL Listed: E496739
How to choose the best cloth covered wire lamp cord: our fabric cables come in many different colors, fabrics and finishes, and we're always adding cool new styles and designs.
Here's how to choose the right fabric to accomplish the design goals you're hoping to achieve: For a modern look you should check out our rayon covered wire, glitter covered wire or our metallic covered cables. For that retro vintage or traditional look our premium Italian linen cloth covered wire and cotton fabric covered wire are second to none.
And if you are looking to achieve a rustic look or want that farmhouse style look to your lighting then definitely check out our jute covered wire. You are the designer, but we are always here to help. Feel free to reach out and contact us if you have any questions about what cloth covered wire or fabric cable would work best for your DIY pendant lighting project!
No matter which fabric cable you choose, you will receive the absolute highest quality fabric lamp wire available. And remember all of our cloth covered wire is 100% made in Italy in our factory just outside of Torino.
SVT-B Flexible Electrical Wire
3xAWG18: 3 conductors, 18 gauge
Indoor Use
Diameter: 7mm
UL Listed: E496739
Don't skimp on quality when it comes to cloth electrical cable. Our fabric cables are beautiful on the outside, but its what's on the inside that counts! We guarantee that our fabric cables are the best cloth covered wire you can buy high quality, UL Listed certified electrical wire that you can count on.
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Seroflo Inhaler is used for long-term prevention and treatment of asthma and chronic lung diseases.
Use Seroflo Inhaler as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Seroflo Inhaler comes with an extra patient information sheet called a Medication Guide. Read it carefully. Read it again each time you get Seroflo Inhaler refilled. Do not use a spacer with Seroflo Inhaler.
Always ready and use this device in a level, flat position.
Hold the device in one hand and put the thumb of your other hand on the thumb grip. Push your thumb away from you as far as it will go until the mouthpiece appears and snaps into position.
Hold the device in a level, flat position with the mouthpiece toward you. Slide the lever away from you as far as it will go until it clicks.
Do NOT close or tilt the device, play with the lever, or move the lever more than 1 time. This may release or waste extra doses.
Hold the device away from your mouth and breathe out fully. Do NOT breathe into the inhaler. Put the mouthpiece to your lips. Breathe in quickly and deeply through the device.
Remove the device from your mouth. Hold your breath for about 10 seconds, or as long as is comfortable. Then breathe out slowly.
Close the device. Put your thumb on the thumb grip and slide it back toward you as far as it will go. The device will click shut and the lever will return to its original position.
Rinse your mouth with water after using Seroflo Inhaler. DO NOT swallow the rinse solution. Spit the rinse water out.
If you are using other inhaled medicines, wait a few minutes between using Seroflo Inhaler and other inhalers, unless directed otherwise by your doctor.
Take your doses of Seroflo Inhaler about 12 hours apart, unless your doctor tells you otherwise.
Never wash the mouthpiece or any other part of the inhaler. Keep it dry. Store Seroflo Inhaler in a dry place.
Throw Seroflo Inhaler away 1 month after you remove it from the foil pouch, or after the dose indicator reads "0," whichever comes first.
You may breathe more easily after the first dose of Seroflo Inhaler. However, it may take 1 week or longer to achieve the most benefit.
Use Seroflo Inhaler on a regular schedule to get the most benefit from it. Using Seroflo Inhaler at the same times each day will help you remember to use it. Do not stop using Seroflo Inhaler even if you feel better unless your doctor tells you to.
Store Seroflo Inhaler at room temperature, between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C), in a dry place. Store away from direct heat and sunlight, moisture, and light. The inhalation device is not reusable and should be discarded 1 month after removal from the moisture-protective foil overwrap pouch or after all blisters have been used, whichever comes first.
Active Ingredients: Fluticasone and Salmeterol
Seroflo Inhaler is a long-acting corticosteroid and bronchodilator combination. It works by reducing inflammation and widening the airways in the lungs, which helps you breath more easily.


text:
Textus Receptus Bibles
King James Bible (Oxford) 1769
10:1 | And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs before him: |
10:2 | And that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy son's son, what things I have wrought in Egypt, and my signs which I have done among them; that ye may know how that I am the LORD. |
10:3 | And Moses and Aaron came in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before me? let my people go, that they may serve me. |
10:4 | Else, if thou refuse to let my people go, behold, to morrow will I bring the locusts into thy coast: |
10:5 | And they shall cover the face of the earth, that one cannot be able to see the earth: and they shall eat the residue of that which is escaped, which remaineth unto you from the hail, and shall eat every tree which groweth for you out of the field: |
10:6 | And they shall fill thy houses, and the houses of all thy servants, and the houses of all the Egyptians; which neither thy fathers, nor thy fathers' fathers have seen, since the day that they were upon the earth unto this day. And he turned himself, and went out from Pharaoh. |
10:7 | And Pharaoh's servants said unto him, How long shall this man be a snare unto us? let the men go, that they may serve the LORD their God: knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed? |
10:8 | And Moses and Aaron were brought again unto Pharaoh: and he said unto them, Go, serve the LORD your God: but who are they that shall go? |
10:9 | And Moses said, We will go with our young and with our old, with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds will we go; for we must hold a feast unto the LORD. |
10:10 | And he said unto them, Let the LORD be so with you, as I will let you go, and your little ones: look to it; for evil is before you. |
10:11 | Not so: go now ye that are men, and serve the LORD; for that ye did desire. And they were driven out from Pharaoh's presence. |
10:12 | And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left. |
10:13 | And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and the LORD brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all that night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts. |
10:14 | And the locusts went up over all the land of Egypt, and rested in all the coasts of Egypt: very grievous were they; before them there were no such locusts as they, neither after them shall be such. |
10:15 | For they covered the face of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened; and they did eat every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left: and there remained not any green thing in the trees, or in the herbs of the field, through all the land of Egypt. |
10:16 | Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste; and he said, I have sinned against the LORD your God, and against you. |
10:17 | Now therefore forgive, I pray thee, my sin only this once, and intreat the LORD your God, that he may take away from me this death only. |
10:18 | And he went out from Pharaoh, and intreated the LORD. |
10:19 | And the LORD turned a mighty strong west wind, which took away the locusts, and cast them into the Red sea; there remained not one locust in all the coasts of Egypt. |
10:20 | But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go. |
10:21 | And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. |
10:22 | And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days: |
10:23 | They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. |
10:24 | And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said, Go ye, serve the LORD; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed: let your little ones also go with you. |
10:25 | And Moses said, Thou must give us also sacrifices and burnt offerings, that we may sacrifice unto the LORD our God. |
10:26 | Our cattle also shall go with us; there shall not an hoof be left behind; for thereof must we take to serve the LORD our God; and we know not with what we must serve the LORD, until we come thither. |
10:27 | But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let them go. |
10:28 | And Pharaoh said unto him, Get thee from me, take heed to thyself, see my face no more; for in that day thou seest my face thou shalt die. |
10:29 | And Moses said, Thou hast spoken well, I will see thy face again no more. |
King James Bible (Oxford) 1769
By the mid-18th century the wide variation in the various modernized printed texts of the Authorized Version, combined with the notorious accumulation of misprints, had reached the proportion of a scandal, and the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge both sought to produce an updated standard text. First of the two was the Cambridge edition of 1760, the culmination of twenty-years work by Francis Sawyer Parris, who died in May of that year. This 1760 edition was reprinted without change in 1762 and in John Baskerville's fine folio edition of 1763. This was effectively superseded by the 1769 Oxford edition, edited by Benjamin Blayney.


text:
Elephant Baby Shower Backdrop Pink Floral Girl Birthday Party Photography Background
Elephant Baby Shower Backdrop Pink Floral Girl Birthday Party Photography Background
Delivery Time
Delivery Time
Webackdrops ship worldwide!
We will notify you if there is an issue with filling your order. Please keep in mind with your Email. The delivery time includes the production time and shipping time.
PRODUCTION TIME: The production time of printed backdrops is about 1-2 days for sizes 3x5 FT, 5x6.5 FT, and 5x7 FT, and about 3-6 days for other big sizes.
SHIPPING TIME: We usually ship orders via DHL, TNT, CNE, UPS, FedEx
- For most countries in North America and Europe, the expedited shipping time is about 5-7 business days; the standard shipping time is about 15-20 business days
- For countries in South America and Africa, the expedited shipping time is about 7-10 business days; the standard shipping time is about 18-25 business days
- Some remote areas will cost more time. There will be a 1-3 days difference of arrival time when shipping to the same country but different address. Our delivery time is an estimated arrival time which is not guaranteed. If you don't receive your package for a long time, please contact us, we will help you to solve the problem.
Regarding taxation: We choose tax-included express in European countries, so you don't usually have to pay it. The tariffs in Canada, Mexico, India, and Brazil are usual, and specific tariffs are regulated by the price of goods. We will try to ensure the interests of our customers.
Please note, it's your own responsibility to find out about the import tax situation in your country.
If have any problem please contact us by Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Welcome to webackdrops!
We are a professional backdrops manufacturer for more than ten years. We offer exclusive, professional photography backdrop designs, for studio photographers, birthday, baby shower, wedding, graduation, parties, events and more.
Size: The size is meaning width x height, eg: 7x5ft =7ft W x 5ft H (210cmx150cm)
Here is the size chart:
- Thin Vinyl backdrop: Durable, lightweight and easy to hang, digital printing, vibrant colors.
- Polyester backdrop: Durable, no wrinkles , vibrant colors.
If you pursue good quality, it is recommended that you choose polyester material.
The backdrop stand is NOT INCLUDED with this purchase, if you need matched stands please just contact me, we do backdrop stands too.
- If you already had a backdrop stand, you will need pocket or clips for hanging it.
- Grommets fit for ceiling commands hooks, Or use a string to tie it up.
- Using tape, stick the background to the wall.
Product Color
Product Color
Please note that color appears differently on every computer monitor. For this reason, colors may slightly vary on digital items received and printed items received. The glitter elements and metallic elements in our designs are digital and not actual foil, glitter or metallic ink. They are flat-printed and no textures or metallic ink is actually applied.
All backdrops are shipped folded, here are ways to remove wrinkles:
- Roll it up tightly with a cylinder for 3-4 days, it will be ok.
- Heat it with a steam iron on the back of item, then it will be smooth again.


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Grilled Guinness Marinated Steak with Colcannon Stuffed Twice Baked Potatoes |
St. Patrick was the patron saint and national apostle of Ireland who is credited with bringing Christianity to Ireland. The holiday has come to be associated with everything Irish... anything green and gold, shamrocks and luck. And what about leprechauns, faeries and the banshee?
There's a lot more to St. Patrick's Day than wearing green and knocking back a pint of Guinness. Although this is a good way to celebrate! Have one for me!!! Most importantly, to those who celebrate, the intended meaning of St. Patrick's Day is a traditional day for spiritual renewal and the offering of prayers for missionaries worldwide. The biggest observance of all is, of course, in Ireland. With the exception of restaurants and pubs, almost all businesses close on March 17.
The Irish have given us the finest poets and writers, and their instinct toward lyrical music inherent in their language spices their food. Start St. Patrick's day over a hearty Irish breakfast, then plan for tea with scones and a fine word or two from a poem by Yeats or the lyric prose of Joyce, and finish the day with a meal of homemade Irish soda bread, a steak, and, of course, a potato dish. Their food is actually lighter than you may think. Top off the meal with a warming Irish whiskey or better yet a Guinness whose humble brew adds smoky, spicy flavor to recipes both sweet and savoury. As you're raising a pint of Guinness for St. Patrick's Day, remember to save some beer for cooking.
Happy St. Patrick's Day!!!!!
Make this St. Patrick's Day unforgettable with these Irish-inspired recipes.
1 rib eye steak (12 ounce)
2 garlic cloves
1 teaspoon shallots
1 tablespoon Vidalia onion
1/4 teaspoon fresh or dried rosemary
1/4 teaspoon parsley
1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce
1 teaspoon Dijon mustard
4 ounces Guinness Stout Beer room temperature
1 ounce Tamari soy sauce
1/8 teaspoon black pepper coarse grind
Finely chop garlic, shallot and onion and place in a small bowl. Finely chop parsley and rosemary and add to the bowl. Add the Worcestershire sauce, Dijon mustard, Guinness beer, Tamari and seasonings then mix well to combine. Let stand for 30 minutes to blend flavours.
Pour marinade into large resealable plastic bag. Add steaks, seal bag, and chill up to 1 day, turning bag occasionally.
Pre heat the grill and cook the steak. A thermometer inserted into center should register 125°F to 130°F for medium-rare, about 5 minutes per side. Transfer steaks to carving board and let rest 5 minutes.
Place the remaining marinade in a small saucepan on the grill and reduce it for one or two minutes until slightly thickened. Add more beer to the marinade at this stage if desired. Slice steaks thinly across grain. Arrange on platter. Pour sauce over the steak and serve.
** This marinade recipe is enough for one steak. Multiply as necessary.
Colcannon-Stuffd Twice Baked Potatoes |
14 medium sized all-purpose potatoes
1 cooking onion, chopped
1 cup warm whole milk
½ cup warm cream or half and half
3 tablespoons butter (for cabbage)
¼ cup butter, melted (for mashed potatoes)
1 cup shredded extra sharp Cheddar cheese
salt and pepper to taste
sliced green onions
Preheat oven to 375F. Wash potatoes, prick all over with a fork. Rub lightly with olive oil and sprinkle with salt and place on a rimmed sheet pan.
Bake for about 45 minutes or until they pierce easily all the way through with a skewer. Allow to sit and cool slightly while working on cabbage
Cut each potato in half so that they will lay, cut side up, on a sheet pan. With a spoon, scoop most of the insides of each potato into a bowl, leaving a ¼" thick potato shell. Mash or rice the potatoes in the bowl.Add the warm milk, cream and melted ¼ cup of butter to the potatoes and toss with a fork until evenly mixed. Add the shredded Cheddar cheese, and the cabbage and onion mixture to the potatoes and stir to combine. Preheat your oven to 375F (or simply lower the heat if it is still going from baking the potatoes.)
Use an ice cream scoop or a spoon to fill the potato shells. Lightly spread the colcannon filling so that it mounds and covers the entire cut surface of the potato. Bake for 30 minutes or until hot all the way through and lightly browned on top. Serve topped with thinly sliced green onions. Alternatively, cover lightly with plastic wrap and place in freezer until frozen solid. Transfer frozen potatoes to a freezer ziplocked bag and store in freezer for up to three months.
You are reading this post on More Than Burnt Toast at http://morethanburnttoast.blogspot.com. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to the author/owner of More Than Burnt Toast. All rights reserved by Valerie Harrison.


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Midnight Oil Band Hawaiian Shirt
Hawaiian shirts are the perfect choice to wear during the upcoming summer and vacation. The products also combine many unique and outstanding themes such as hibiscus, tropical, and seascape, hippie, …. suitable for both men and women. You will choose the best shirt that reflects your personality. Made from high-quality materials and the best printing technology, all products are not easy to fade, crack, or peel. Besides, our store offers a wide variety of clothing sizes, from S to 5XL, suitable for many ages and body shapes.
Come to our Hawaiian Shirt collection and choose your favorite items right away!
Product Information:
- 100% polyester.
- This shirt feels soft and smooth, making it comfortable to wear.
- Open collar, circle buttons.
- Since the size is manually measured, please allow a 0.4in-1.2in (1cm-3cm) dimension difference.
- As a result of the production batch, the light intensity photography effect will have a color difference.
Tag: Hawaiian Shirt


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Transporting a car from Culcairn to Christies Beach will cost between $739 and $2,199
If you're looking to get a quote estimate for Culcairn to Christies Beach car transport, you're in good hands with Aussie Car Transport.
We work with a growing number of top-notch carriers to get you the most reliable and professional car, SUV or other vehicle transport services from Culcairn to Christies Beach and we've made requesting quotes from them easy.
When you request a quote, your request is matched up with our well-established and highly experienced car transport companies that fully understand the unique needs of long-distance car transport. In particular, the specific challenges of transporting a car from Culcairn to Christies Beach.
They'll respond to you directly with a price.
Find experienced companies that understand the uniqueness of transporting vehicles between Culcairn and Christies Beach.
Get a heads-up on how long will it take to transport your car from Culcairn to Christies Beach and if there are any current issues.
Know precisely how much it will cost to move your car from Culcairn to Christies Beach.
$739 to $2,199
Average cost to ship a car from Culcairn to Christies Beach over the past 10 days.
6 to 9 days
Estimated based on number of kms distance travelled from Culcairn to Christies Beach.
The cost of car transport from Culcairn to Christies Beach ranges between $739 and $2,199 and will vary depending on the carrier, type of vehicle and type of transport.
Typically, the lower end of the scale represents open carrier depot to depot transport. Prices will be higher for door to door pickup and delivery using an enclosed transport carrier.
Pricing can vary based on a number of factors including whether the transport is depot to depot or door to door, whether it is a standard size vehicle or a larger SUV and, naturally, volatility in the price of fuel.
Additionally, and lets be honest, different carriers offer different levels of service. For example, brokers will likely use external carriers but will manage and coordinate the transport centrally. This may result in higher prices but you have a level of confidence that your transport is well-managed.
Conversely, carriers may be travelling with near-empty trailers. Instead of running at a loss, they will look at doing what they can to fill the trailers by offering significantly reduced prices.
Transporting a car from Culcairn to Christies Beach can take between 6 and 9 business days depending on the type of transport required and the car transport company used.
Transport duration can vary depending on distances, specific transport legs and any special requirements you may have. Sometimes, events that are outside of the carrier's control may also affect delivery timeframes.
To get a precise estimate of the time to move a vehicle from Culcairn to Christies Beach, it's always best to request a quote
You can click on the Get a Quote link to receive quotes from multiple professional transport companies.
You'll need to specify where in Culcairn the vehicle would be picked up, where in Christies Beach you need the vehicle delivered as well as vehicle make, model and year of manufacture.
Usually yes. You or another party must be present for both pick-up and delivery of the vehicle. This is to sign the initial and final inspection reports. This person can be anyone you designate over the age of 18.
No. A postcode or suburb will generally be fine.
When booking with your preferred carrier however, you will need to provide physical address in Culcairn and Christies Beach if requiring door pickup and delivery.
Generally, personally items are not allowed although some companies will allow you to load your vehicle with personal belongings for a small (additional) fee. They will usually specify this in the quote the send.
We are completely free to use. No matter how many quotes you need, we don't charge.
No registration required. Our partners contact you directly with their offers.
Our partners guarantee fast response. In fact, 95% of quotes are fulfilled in minutes!
Find the best carrier for the job by comparing quotes; including terms and conditions.


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How to get Vietnam visa from Saudi Arabia
GuidesIf you are a Saudi Arabia passport holder, or you are from those countries that do not appear in the Vietnam visa exemption list, you are required a valid visa to enter Vietnam.
From this country, you can get a visa to Vietnam by two 2 options:
1. Get Vietnam Visa on Arrival at lower cost (get visa stamped at Vietnam International Airports on arrival)
Visa on arrival is beneficial for those who live far away from the Vietnamese embassies and do not wish to send their passports away by postal mail.
– Issuing unit: Vietnam Immigration Department
– Processing time: 1 to 2 working days
– No Passport sendoff required
– How it works? You go online at https://www.vietnamvisa.pro, fill in the secure form, and just wait 2 working days (normal service) or within 1 working day (urgent service) to get your Visa Approval Letter via email, and take this letter + your passport + 2 photos + some dollars as stamping fee to get your visa at airport. Further information, please visit application process.
2. Get Vietnam Entry Visa at Vietnam Embassies:
At present, there is no information about the Embassy of Vietnam in Saudi Arabia. Please find your nearest Vietnam embassies to apply for your Vietnam visa.
– Issuing unit: Vietnam Embassy
– Processing time: 4 to 5 working days
– Your original passport required
– Before applying for Vietnam visa, make sure your passport has minimum 6 month validity and left pages.
– For visa on arrival option, it is applicable for those traveling by air to Vietnam.
For any further information, please kindly contact us. We are willing and pleased to assist you at our best!


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or within distance of city 1mi5mi10mi20mi30mi40mi50mi60mi70mi80mi90mi100mi150mi200mi250miAK AL AR AS AZ CA CO CT DC DE FL FM GA GU HI IA ID IL IN KS KY LA MA MD ME MH MI MN MO MP MS MT NC ND NE NH NJ NM NV NY OH OK OR PA PR PW RI SC SD TN TX UT VA VI VT WA WI WV WY
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Perceptual Rankings: You Make 'Em. We Post 'Em. ↑You Vote 'Em Up. ↓You Vote 'Em Down. Aww yeah.
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Watch Videos
NOTE: Quick-Release Mount Kit (sold separately) required for this product. Go to the PRODUCTS BY BIKE menu and select your exact year/make/model to see which Mount Kit is required to fit your bike. All Mount Kits are model-specific.
The SwitchBlade® Deflector™ windshield keeps wind blast off your chest and deflects summertime bugs and debris. With it minimal profile and maximum style, it's a great choice for in-town cruising.
The SwitchBlade system utilizes our SwitchBlade quick release mounting hardware, which allows riders to easily install, switch, or remove their windshield in less than 5 seconds – with NO TOOLS. Switch styles... switch attitudes... with SwitchBlade!
All SwitchBlade Windshields feature high quality chromed steel and stainless steel hardware. Best of all, their sturdy 4.0mm thick polycarbonate has National Cycle's exclusive Quantum® hardcoating for the ultimate in scratch resistance.
To top it off, they are backed by National Cycle's exclusive 3-Year Warranty against breakage.
Additional Information
Windscreen | SwitchBlade® |
Material | Polycarbonate |
Material Finish | Quantum® Hardcoated |
Color | Light Gray, 38% Tint |
Thickness | 4.0mm |
Secondary Material | Stainless Steel |
Secondary Material Finish | Chromed |
Mount Type | SwitchBlade® Quick Release Mount Kit Required |
Write Your Own Review
Customer Reviews
- SwitchBlade® Review Review by Dan D.
- Took your advice and added both the SwitchBlade® Windshield and the Chrome Lowers at the same time. What a difference it makes to the ride! (Posted on 2/23/2015)
- SwitchBlade® Review Review by Joe, Dubuque IA
I have been the proud and happy owner of your SwitchBlade 2-Up® Windshield for several years now.
Last week on my way to Little Sturgis, Kentucky, I was following an old pickup truck with a load of wood pallets. The top pallet fell off nearly in front of me. It took one bounce, struck my front fender a glancing blow, and then hit the windshield. I decided to just hang on tight, lay as low on the tank as I could, and pray. I felt something brush my helmet and did not realize what happened until I had the bike stopped at the side of the road to collect my thoughts and take inventory of my body parts.
I surmised that the pallet glanced off the front fender, and then hit the windshield. The windshield absorbed the blow and flexed just enough to bend and touch my helmet. Not a scratch on me or the helmet! A small scrape on the paint and several scratch marks on the windshield. It did NOT break. I do believe it saved me from some serious injury or possible death. (Posted on 2/23/2015) - SwitchBlade® Review Review by Phil, Illinois
- I just installed a SwitchBlade® Windshield and I have to tell you it was one of the best aftermarket products I have ever worked with. The fit and finish was perfection at its best. The installation for me was about 30 minutes. I only have one complaint. After the shield was put on I had to take it for a test ride. The problem is that I cook dinner and the shield worked so well I had a hard time coming home. Ended up eating a sandwich. My 5'7" frame gave me no wind buffeting. The change from no shield to SwitchBlade shield was best by more then 100%. Thanks again! (Posted on 2/23/2015)
- SwitchBlade® Review Review by Satisfied Customer
I would very much like to express our extreme satisfaction with our latest windshield purchase. Last year we purchased a SwitchBlade® Shorty® windshield and were more than happy with the performance of this product. Not only did it make our rides more comfortable, it makes the bike look even better. When you recently came out with your SwitchBlade Chopped™ Windshield, my husband thought it would be worth a try. He was right! Due to the fact that my husband is only 5' 5" tall, your largest windshield was not really an option for us. The new Chopped windshield is exactly level and even with the tip of his nose and he feels totally comfortable when riding.
I have also noticed a difference when we ride together. Even at ninety miles per hour, it is stable, and there is very little buffeting behind the windshield! The gentleman who took our order over the phone was very nice and he did not lie when he said we would enjoy our purchase. We just wanted to say thank you, to your sales people and everyone in your company for making such quality products. (Posted on 2/23/2015)
Quantum® Hardcoated
Requires Mount Kit
SwitchBlade® Quick Release Mount Hardware
Light Gray, 38% Tint
Headlight Cutout to Top of Screen: 12.00" (30.5cm)
Overall Height: 14.25" (36.2cm)
Width Across Back at Widest Point: 14.00" (35.5cm)


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KS-15 Mini Round Cosmetic Case
You are an artist and a merchandiser. We provide the empty container and you put your unique thoughts on containers to create
your own products. Can't image your design? No problem! We help you customized physical samples to visualize your artwork.
Contact us, let's discuss!
- Generate your ideas
- Contact discussion [email protected] +886-4-7766197
- Quotation
- Customize samples
- Confirm order detail
- Mass production
- Delivery
Design and Manufacture of cosmetic container.


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Should I Buy a Condo?
As single family home prices have risen, many consumers have been looking to condominiums as an alternative. First time buyers like the lower prices, which makes entry into the real estate ownership market easier. Seniors like the low maintenance aspect and the ability to be in a community catering to their lifestyle. Others like the security advantages that the building provides, especially for those who travel frequently.
Condo Concept
When you purchase a condominium, you purchase and have title to your individual unit in a multi-unit property, and share in the ownership of the land and other common property with all the other unit owners. The type of common property varies depending on the type of condominium – high rise or townhouse for example – and would include hallways, elevators, heating system, parking structures, landscaped areas, recreation areas etc.
A condominium is a specific form of ownership and does not describe a type of building.
One of the great advantages to owning a condominium is that in most cases, it is owner-occupied and owner run. Owners ensure their investment is maintained and regard improvements as an investment which increases the value of their individual unit.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Owning a Condo
If a winter holiday is part of your lifestyle, you can leave with your mind at ease, without the worry of a driveway to clear. In the summer the grass will be cut, you won't have any exterior painting projects or fence repairs to look after.
Condo projects are now part of most communities which means being able to stay in the same location where you were a homeowner. Some condo projects are more successful than others in terms of capital appreciation and length of time to sell. Here are some of the advantages and disadvantages of condo ownership:
- protection from rent increases
- monthly cost of owning is often less than renting
- easy financing
- wide range of property types, prices, locations, sizes and amenities available
- availability of amenities such as swimming pool, tennis courts, hot tubs, saunas, whirlpools, exercise facilities, health spas, sun decks, community rooms (the cost of which may otherwise not be affordable)
- you are investing in your own home and build equity
- appreciation of capital value
- pride of ownership
- freedom to make interior changes and enhancements to your unit
- enhanced security availability and peace of mind when leaving unit unattended
- maintenance and upkeep is kept down or eliminated
- security of tenure and permanent occupancy
- cost is often less than single family home due to efficient use of land and economies of scale
- very marketable
- wide range of prices depending on features, luxury and location
- sense of community due to permanence of residents and resulting social activity
- developments available geared to a specific lifestyle (restrictions on age, pets, children etc.)
- participation of owners in operation of development including budgeting, decision making, determination of rules and by-laws.
- some loss of freedom may be experienced due to rules and by-laws e.g. type of pets allowed, right to rent unit etc.
- due to a larger concentration of people you may experience problems with the "5 p's", pets, parties, parking, personality and people.
- money is tied up in equity
- you may be paying for some amenities you never use
- boards of directors vary in terms of skill and effectiveness
Common Element Fees
As a unit owner you will be responsible for your share of expenses known as common element fees or common expenses. These are set out in the condo declaration. It describes what expenses are to be shared and in what proportion. This can be equal or unequal in cases where they are based on the comparative size of the units.
The exterior and common area maintenance of your condo is covered by your common element fee. The fees are usually paid monthly in accordance with the budgeted expenses. Of course if your condo has more amenities such as a swimming pool, on-site security personnel etc. your fees will reflect the extra services.
Reserve Fund
Reserve or contingency funds are set up by the condominium corporation to cover major or unexpected expenses. The developer of a new condominium usually sets up a fund which is then turned over to the condo corp. The fund becomes an asset of the corporation and each year the unit owners decide on what the level should be. The individual owner does not have any rights to the Reserve Fund.
Questions You Should Ask When Buying a Condo
- Is the unit competitively priced with others currently on the market?
- Have you taken into account the amenities offered?
- What is the resale potential?
- Have the units appreciated?
- Are other unit owners in your financial bracket? If higher they may vote for services you can not afford, if lower they may vote down changes you would like to see.
Condo Security
- Security is a key factor in choosing a condominium. The type of security will vary depending on the type of condo you choose and special care must be taken to ensure it meets your lifestyle requirements. What security features exist or are planned – suite alarms, TV surveillance, controlled access? Here are the factors you should consider or the questions you should get answers to.
- Doors – Are they solid wood or metal and equipped with dead-bolts and peepholes? Do patio doors have effective locks?
- Parking – how is access controlled? Electronically?
- Intercom – is there a good working system?
- Lighting – is property well lit in all areas – hallways, parking, fire escapes entrances and exits?
- Balconies – are they accessible from the ground or adjacent units?
- Mailbox – are numbers different from apartment and parking spaces?
- Alarms – is there wiring for home security alarms in every unit or suite?
- If possible check on the condo's record for break-ins and vandalism by asking local authorities or current residents.
Common Elements and Facilities
- What amenities are offered, what are the hours of use, is there a separate cost?
- What is common element fee and what is included? History of increases?
- Are there any exclusive use common elements (reserved for one or more unit holders)?
Parking and Storage Facilities
- What is included in the purchase? Some parking and storage may be separate and legally defined units you own, others are common property allocated to the owner and subject to reallocation by the Board, others are exclusive use elements designated for the use of a unit, pursuant to provisions in the Declaration.
- What parking/storage is required and can you rent or buy additional spots/space?
- Is there visitors parking available?
Quality of Construction
- What types of materials were used in construction? Are the facilities in good condition? How old is the building?
- Find out if the corporation has done a reserve fund study (estimate of the remaining life of the various components, cost of replacement, and contributions needed to ensure funds are available for anticipated repairs and replacements)
- What is the reputation of the developer
Design and Layout
- Size of suite and rooms – adequate for furniture?
- What exterior changes can you make?
- Can you add solarium to balcony?
Owner Occupied vs. Tenants
- How many units are owner occupied vs. tenant occupied? Is there a maximum? Are there rental policies and what are they?
- Is project managed by a professional company, resident manager or self-managed?
- How well has the building been maintained?
- Does it fit your personality/lifestyle?
Ask your RE/MAX agent for the complete set of building rules and regulations. Are there any restrictions you require/don't want – pets, children, age, number of people per suite, carrying on business in a suite? Most condos have a long list of association rules and regulations by which you'll have to agree to abide if you purchase in the building. These rules may limit the number, type, and weight of pets; how many visitors you can have at any one time; how often – and for how long – you can rent out your unit (if at all); when and how you can reserve common facilities like the party room; when you can have work done in your unit; and, what day you can move.
- What will be your monthly operating cost?
- Have there been any special assessments in the last two years and are any planned?
- Which utilities are common and which are individually metered?
- What are the property taxes?
- What insurance do you need and what is covered by the corporation?
- Ask to see the past two years worth of condo board meeting minutes, as well as the last two years' of budgets and the current year's projected budget. What are the owners concerns?
- Are there any large-scale improvement projects planned? How much will they cost and how are they to be funded?
- Has there been a review of the reserve fund to ensure it is adequate? Is the building fiscally responsible? Are any fees/owners in arrears?
New Condominiums
- Check the reputation of the developer with people living in other projects they have done or project you are looking at.
- What is the cost for set up of a reserve fund (one time up front fee)?
- What are the landscaping plans?
- What warranties are being offered – is the project covered by a New Home Warranty Program? What are the terms of this warranty? Contact the organization offering the warranty and find out exactly what is covered and what restrictions are involved. What specific timelines builders must work to and what dispute resolution services are offered? What clout does the warranty organization have with builders in settling a dispute?
- How many elevators are there and how fast are they?
- Are units wired for cable TV and telephone at the developers cost?
- Does the corporation have a proposed operating budget? – If so, obtain a copy.


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Tita Bonatsou
Clock in the space
(Shipping, tax, and service quoted by Seller)
Cube Gallery, is an art gallery which is located in Patras (39,Miaouli str.), Greece and it started its exhibition program on December 2010. Creator, Art director and Curator is Liana Zoza.
The concept of Cube Gallery is to present established artists, as well as upcoming, and contemporary art in all its manifestations, such as painting, sculpture, photography, installation art, video art, performances.
Cube Gallery has a schedule of solo and group exhibitions that change every month and are planned long before their realization.
As parallel actions of the gallery, are specific art projects and events hosted in the space. There are activities such as "Fresh Art", which works as a Cube visual platform began its action in the summer of 2012 and its aim is to present selectively, interesting works of new visual artists that are now beginning to be active in art.
Art projects, as "Art Fare", an ongoing project involving old and new collaborators who consciously believe that art is addressed to everyone and consider equally important, both its appropriation and the ability to acquire an artwork from everyone. Through "Art Fare" there are interesting works at symbolic prices.
Opening hours: Monday, Wednesday, Saturday 10.00 – 15.00
Tuesday, Thursday, Friday 10.00 – 15.00 & 18.00 – 21.00
Sunday closed


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Group health insurance is a single policy issued to a group of people, offering uniform healthcare benefits to all members. In most cases, these policies are purchased by employers and offered to eligible employees and their families as part of an employee benefits package. Enrolling in group health insurance generally costs participants less than what they would pay for an individual healthcare policy for two main reasons:
For employees, the benefits of group health insurance include the reduced price of healthcare and the ease of enrolling through their employer. For employers, the benefits range from attracting quality workers to the tax credits they can receive.
Large businesses with 50 or more employees are now required to offer group health insurance under the Affordable Care Act. Small businesses with fewer than 50 employees are not required to offer coverage, but they can qualify for tax credits to help offset the cost if they choose to offer healthcare and pay for at least half of each employee's premium.
Contact us today for more information about group health insurance.


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For more than 20 years, International Medical Group (IMG) has provided international medical insurance, travel insurance, and service to the international community, with worldwide coverage, multilingual capabilities, international claims specialists, and 24-hour access to services. IMG provides medical security and peace of mind, wherever you travel.
Learn more about International Medical Group.