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text: Wikipedia "Bremerhaven is the seaport of the free city and federal state of Bremen, Germany. It forms an enclave in the state of Lower Saxony and is located at the mouth of the River Weser on its eastern bank, opposite the town of Nordenham. Though a relatively new city, it has a long history as a trade port and today is one of the most important German ports, playing a crucial role in Germany's trade."


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Administratorzy grupy
Grupa publiczna ostatnia aktywność: 5 lat, 8 mies. temuPerhaps no other drug in the entire history of humankind has achieved as much fame (and at the same time, notoriety) as Viagra. Targeted at curing impotency, this drug – developed by the pharmaceutical giant Pfizer – has achieved almost cult status, with sales of over hundreds of thousands of pills everyday around the globe. The success of Viagra itself speaks volumes about how prevalent impotency is among men all over the world. According to what we have learned from the authorities, the FDA has no control whatsoever over the price of any drugs seen as products.
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Ta grupa nie ma żadnych członków.


text:
Timeline of Church History (Post-Imperial Era (1453-1821))
Timeline of Church History | |||||
This article forms part of the series Introduction to Orthodox Christianity | |
Holy Tradition | |
Holy Scripture The Symbol of Faith Ecumenical Councils Church Fathers Liturgy Canons Icons | |
The Holy Trinity | |
God the Father Jesus Christ The Holy Spirit | |
The Church | |
Ecclesiology History Holy Mysteries Church Life | |
Edit this box |
The History of the Church is a vital part of the Orthodox Christian faith. Orthodox Christians are defined significantly by their continuity with all those who have gone before, those who first received and preached the truth of Jesus Christ to the world, those who helped to formulate the expression and worship of our faith, and those who continue to move forward in the unchanging yet ever-dynamic Holy Tradition of the Orthodox Church.
Post-Imperial era (1453-1821)
- 1455 Gutenberg makes first printed Bible.
- 1455-56 Confession of Faith by Patr. Gennadius of Constantinople.
- 1456-1587 Byzantine Church of Theotokos Pammakaristos became the seat of the Ecumenical Patriarchate.
- 1461 Death of Jonah, Metropolitan of Moscow; commemoration of the Apparition of the Pillar with the Robe of the Lord under it at Mtskheta in Georgia, October 1; the Trebizond Empire, last pocket of the Byzantine Empire, falls to the Ottoman Turks.
- 1462 Wonderworking icon of Archangel Michael of Mantamados created.
- 1463 Greek scholar and pro-unionist Basilios Bessarion, formerly an Orthodox Metropolitan, later becoming a Roman Catholic Cardinal, is given the purely ceremonial title of Latin Patriarch of Constantinople by Pope Pius II; Bosnia becomes province of Ottoman Empire, with an estimated 36,000 families voluntarily accepting Islam, followed by a sustained process of assimilation to Islam.
- 1472 Ivan III Grand Duke of Moscow marries Sophia Palaiologina, niece of the last Byzantine emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos, beginning Russia's claims to be the "Third Rome"; through Sophia Palaiologina's influence the ceremonious etiquette of Constantinople along with the imperial Double-headed eagle and all that it implied was adopted by the court of Moscow.
- 1478 Spanish Inquisition.
- 1480 Meeting of the Theotokos of Vladimir icon in memory of saving Moscow from the invasion of Khan Ahmed.
- 1484 Synod of Constantinople with all four Patriarchs in attendance, calling itself "ecumenical", officially repudiated the union of the Greek and Latin churches discussed at Florence in 1439, and determined that Latin converts to Orthodoxy should be received into the Church by Chrismation.
- 1486 Emergence of the philosophy of Christian Humanism in the Renaissance, as Giovanni Pico della Mirandola writes his Oration on the Dignity of Man, which stressed that Men had the free will to travel up and down a moral scale, with God and angels being at the top, and Satan being at the bottom.
- 1492 Millennialist movements in Moscow, due to end of church calendar (year 7,000, according to the Byzantine Date of Creation).
- 1497 Martyrdom of Macarius, Metropolitan of Kiev, by invading Tatars.
- ca.1500-1505 the Eton Choirbook is compiled, showing the development of early Renaissance polyphony in England, and being one of the very few collections of Latin liturgical music to survive the Reformation.
- 1503 Possessor and Non-Possessor controversy.
- 1508 Death of Patr. Nephon II of Constantinople.
- 1510 Russian monk Philotheus of Pskov proclaims in a panegyric letter to the Grand Prince of Moscow that "Two Romes have fallen, The third stands, And there will be no fourth,", identifying the Third Rome with Russia.
- 1512 First Christian church erected in Americas in Santo Domingo by Spanish.
- 1516 Desiderius Erasmus publishes "Textus Receptus" of New Testament on the basis of six late manuscripts of the Byzantine text-type.
- 1517 Maximus the Greek invited to Russia to translate Greek service books and correct Russian ones; Martin Luther nails Ninety-Five Theses to door at Wittenburg, sparking Protestant Reformation; Ottomans conquer Jerusalem, Antioch and Alexandria.
- 1522 Martin Luther translates New Testament into German and Reformation principle of Sola Scriptura becomes formalized.
- 1526 Non-Possessors attack Tsar Vassily III for divorcing his wife and are driven underground.
- 1529 First Ottoman Siege of Vienna, marking Ottoman Empire's apex and end of Ottoman expansion in central Europe.
- 1534 King Henry VIII declares himself supreme head of the Church of England.
- 1536 Publication of John Calvin's Institutes of the Christian Religion.
- 1536-41 Dissolution of the Monasteries in England, Wales and Ireland.
- 1537-41 Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent rebuilds the city walls of Jerusalem (the current walls of the Old City of Jerusalem), including sealing off the Golden Gate in 1541 to prevent the Messiah's entrance.
- 1540 Death of Emperor Lebna Dengel of Ethiopia; formal founding of Jesuits.
- 1541 Portuguese expeditionary force arrives in Ethiopia.
- 1542 Ethiopians and Portuguese defeat Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Gran of Adal, neutralizing Adal threat to Ethiopia.
- 1545-63 Council of Trent held to answer the Protestant Reformation.
- 1551 Council of the Hundred Chapters in Russia.
- 1555 Abp. Gurian begins mission to Kazan.
- 1557 Death of Basil the Blessed.
- 1563 Anglican Church's Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion published.
- 1564 Jesuits arrive in Poland.
- 1568 Pope Pius V recognizes four Great Doctors of the Eastern Church, John Chrysostom, Basil the Great, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Athanasius.
- 1569 Martyrdom of Philip of Moscow, at the hands of Ivan IV Grozny.
- 1569 Union of Lublin unites Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania into a single state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, placing the Ruthenian Orthodox lands of Belarus, and modern Ukraine under direct Roman Catholic rule.
- 1571 Restoration of Church of Cyprus to Orthodox rule, as Cyprus is conquered by the Ottoman Empire; Ottomans are defeated at the Battle of Lepanto, preventing them from advancing further into Europe.
- 1573 Pope Gregory XIII establishes Congregation for the Greeks, a committee of cardinals who addressed issues relating to the Greeks in southern Italy and Sicily in the hope of resolving tensions between Greeks and Latins.
- 1573-81 Correspondence of Patr. Jeremias II of Constantinople with Lutherans.
- 1575 Church of Constantinople grants autonomy to Church of Sinai.
- 1576 Pope Gregory XIII establishes Pontifical Greek College of St. Athanasius (popularly known as the 'Greek College') in Rome, which he charged with educating Italo-Byzantine clerics.
- 1579 Death of Gerasimus the New, ascetic of Cephalonia; discovery of Our Lady of Kazan, holiest Russian icon; on Holy Saturday at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre the Armenian patriarch prayed day and night in order to obtain the Holy Fire, but the Fire miraculously struck a column near the entrance of the church, and lit a candle held by the Orthodox patriarch standing nearby.
- 1581 Ostrozhsky Bible printed by Prince Kurbsky and Ivan Fedorov.
- 1582 Institution of the Gregorian Calendar by Pope Gregory XIII; death of Teresa of Ávila, prominent Spanish mystic.
- 1583 Sigillion of 1583 issued against Gregorian Calendar by council convened in Constantinople.
- 1587-Present. The relatively modest Church of St George in the Phanar district of Istanbul becomes the seat of the Ecumenical Patriarchate.
- 1589 Autocephaly and canonical territory of Church of Russia recognized, as Patr. Jeremias II of Constantinople raises Metr. Job of Moscow to the rank of Patriarch of Moscow and of All Russia.
- 1593 Council of Constantinople held, where the patriarchs of Antioch, Alexandria, and Jerusalem confirmed the appointment of Patr. Job of Moscow and the erection of the Russian patriarchate, placing it fifth in the hierarchy of patriarchates.
- 1596 Union of Brest-Litovsk, several million Ukrainian and Byelorussian Orthodox Christians, living under Polish rule, leave the Church of Constantinople and recognize the Pope of Rome, without giving up their Byzantine liturgy and customs, creating the Uniate church.
- ca. 1600-1700 Conversion of Albania to Islam mainly through discriminatory tax system, the Djize.
- 1604 Death of Juliana of Lazarevo.
- 1607 Death of Patr. Job of Moscow.
- 1609-10 Douay-Rheims Bible printed, first complete English Roman Catholic Bible, translated from Vulgate.
- 1611 Authorized King James Version of the Bible printed; Gallican French theologian Edmund Richer (1559-1631) held the view that ecclesiastical councils, not the papacy, was the method by which doctrinal truth was established, but his work was censured at the Council of Aix-en-Provence in 1612.
- 1612 Martyrdom of Patr. Hermogenes of Moscow; Our Lady of Kazan icon commemorates the deliverance from Poles.
- 1620 Council of Moscow presided over by Patr. Philaret of Moscow insisted that only Orthodox Baptism by triple immersion was valid, and that all (Latin) converts had to be rebaptized.
- 1625 Confession of Faith by Metrophanes Kritopoulos written.
- 1627 Pope Cyril Lucaris of Alexandria presents Codex Alexandrinus to King Charles I of England for safe keeping.
- 1633 Ethiopian emperor Fasilides expels Jesuits and other Roman Catholic missionaries from Ethiopia.
- 1642 Council of Jassy (Iaşi) revises Peter Mogila's confession to remove overtly Roman Catholic theology and confirms canonicity of certain deuterocanonical books.
- 1645-69 Cretan War between the Ottoman Empire and Venice.
- 1646 Union of Uzhhorod joins 63 Ruthenian Orthodox priests from the Carpathian Mountains to Roman Catholic Church on terms similar to Union of Brest.
- 1647 Orthodox church erected in Tunisia.
- 1649 Martyrdom of Athanasius of Brest-Litovsk by the Latins.
- 1650-1700 Ottoman Constantinople is largest city in the world by population.
- 1652 School and hospital established in Old Cairo by Patr. Joannikios.
- 1652-1658 Patriarch Nikon of Moscow revises liturgical books to bring them into conformity with the Greek liturgical customs, leading to mass excommunication and schism of dissenters, who become known as Old Believers.
- 1654 Appearance of icon of Theotokos of the Kievan Brotherhood.
- 1656 Voskresensky Monastery founded by Patr. Nikon at Istra near Moscow, intended to represent the Heavenly Jerusalem.
- 1665 Greek Jewish kabbalist Sabbatai Sevi hailed by Jews of Palestine as the Messiah, but then converts to Islam before the Ottoman Sultan to save his life.
- 1666-1667 Council of Moscow.
- 1667 Annexation of most of Kievan Rus' by Tsar of Muscovite Kingdom.
- 1669 Greek island of Crete taken by Ottoman Empire from Venetians.
- 1672 Synod of Jerusalem convened by Patr. Dositheos Notaras, refuting article by article the Calvinistic confession of Cyril Lucaris, defining Orthodoxy relative to Roman Catholicism and Protestantism, and defining the Orthodox Biblical canon; acts of this council are later signed by all five patriarchates (including Russia).
- 1675 Appearance of icon of Theotokos of Pochaiv.
- 1682 The Sabaite Typikon was published in its final form in Russia; from 1682 to 1888 the Greek and Russian Churches shared this common Typikon.
- 1683 Second Ottoman Siege of Vienna, capital of the Holy Roman Empire.
- 1685 Orthodoxy introduced in Beijing by Church of Russia.
- 1686 The Ottomans, acting on the behalf of the regent of Russia Sophia Alekseyevna, pressured the Patr. of Constantinople into transferring the Orthodox Church of Kiev and all Rus' (Church of Ukraine) from the jurisdiction of Constantinople to the Patr. of Moscow, established a century prior to that.
- 1688 Appearance of Joy of All Who Sorrow icon.
- 1689 Great Serb Migrations of hundreds of thousands of Serbian refugees from Kosovo and Serbia proper, leaving a vacuum filled by flood of Albanian immigrants.
- 1698 Consecration of the first Orthodox Church in China, in the name of Sophia (Divine Wisdom), when Emperor Kangxi ordered a Buddhist temple to be cleared for Russian inhabitants in Beijing.
- 1700 The Creation Era calendar in Russia, in use since AD 988 was changed to the Julian Calendar by Peter the Great; Peter the Great published an Ukase on June 18th that made a resounding appeal for the propagation of the faith in Siberia and China.
- 1700-02 Submission of the dioceses of Lemberg (Lviv) and Luzk (Lutsk) in the Galician area of Ukraine to Roman Catholic Church completes Union of Brest-Litovsk, so that two-thirds of the Orthodox in western Ukraine had become Greek Catholic.
- 1707-20 Grabbe's edition of the Septuagint published at Oxford, reproducing (imperfectly) the Codex Alexandrinus of London.
- 1709 Death of Dimitri of Rostov.
- 1710 Spectacular miracle occurred at the Holy Mount of Grabarka, the holiest location in Poland for Orthodox Christians, where a deadly outbreak of cholera in the region ended almost instantly.
- 1715 Metr. Arsenios of Thebaid sent to England by Pope Samuel of Alexandria to negotiate with Non-Juror Anglican bishops.
- 1715-1956 Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in China.
- 1716-25 Correspondence of Ecumenical Patriarch and Russian Czar with English Non-Jurors.
- 1721 Czar Peter I of Russia replaces Russian patriarchate with a ruling holy synod.
- 1723 Schism in the Roman Catholic Church, as the Church of Holland, (or Church of Utrecht) broke with Rome under its own archbishop and hierarchy, becoming the mother church of the Old Catholic Churches.
- 1724 Melkite schism, in which many faithful from the Church of Antioch become Uniates.
- 1728 The Ecumenical Patriarchate formally replaced the Creation Era (AM) calendar with the Christian Era (AD).
- 1731 Death of Innocent of Irkutsk.
- 1741 Synodal reform initiated, when Metr. Gerasimos of Heraclia obtains a Firman (decree) from Ottoman officials, regulating and subordinating the election of the Patriarch of Constantinople to the five Metropolitans of Heraclia, Kyzikos, Nicomedia, Nicaea, and Chalcedon, creating the so-called System of the Elders (Γεροντισμος), established gradually, in place until the late 19th century.
- 1754 Hesychast Renaissance begins with the Kollyvades Movement; discovery of the holy relics of the Four Martyrs of Megara: Polyeuctos, George, Adrianos and Platon, the "Newly-Revealed".
- 1755 Synod of Constantinople (1755) declares Roman Catholic baptism invalid and ordered baptism of converts from Roman Catholicism.
- 1756 Sigillion of 1756 issued against the Gregorian Calendar by Patr. Cyril V of Constantinople;
- 1756 After Tsar Peter the Great had ordered in 1712 the printed Slavonic text of the Bible to be carefully compared with the Greek of the Septuagint and to be made in every respect conformable to it, the second edition of the Queen "Elizabeth" Slavonic Bible (QEB), (LXX) is issued in 1756; all later reprints of the Russian Church Bible are based upon this second edition, which is the authorized version of the Russian Orthodox Church.
- 1760 Holy Trinity St. Seraphim-Diveyevo Convent founded in Russia.
- 1763 The Jansenist Provincial Council of Utrecht, seed of the future Old Catholic movements, affirmed every Roman Catholic dogma and pronounced the Orthodox Faith to be schismatic and false, signalling not so much a rapprochement with Orthodoxy, but rather a refusal to drift yet further from her, as much of the Roman fold was doing.
- 1767 Community of Orthodox Greeks establishes itself in New Smyrna, Florida; Ottoman Empire legally divides Church of the Holy Sepulchre among claimants.
- 1767-1815 Suppression of the Jesuits in Roman Catholic countries, subsequently finding refuge in Orthodox nations, particularly in Russia.
- 1768 Jews are massacred during riots in Russia-occupied Poland.
- ca. 1770 About 1,200 Kiev region Uniate churches return to Orthodoxy under political pressure from Russia.
- 1774 Russia and Ottoman Empire sign treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji, bringing Russia for the first time into the Mediterranean as the acknowledged protector of Orthodox Christians.
- 1779 Death of Kosmas Aitolos.
- 1782 First publication of Philokalia; autonomy of Church of Sinai confirmed by Church of Constantinople.
- 1789 The French Revolution of 1789 catapulted atheistic thought into political notability, and opened the way for the 19th century movements of Rationalism, Freethought, and Liberalism in the West.
- 1793-95 Over 2,300 Uniate churches became Orthodox under Tsarina Catherine the Great.
- 1794 Missionaries, including Herman of Alaska, arrive at Kodiak Island, bringing Orthodoxy to Russian Alaska; death of Paisius Velichkovsky of Moldova and Mt. Athos.
- 1796 Nicodemus the Hagiorite publishes Unseen Warfare in Venice.
- 1798 Patriarch Anthimus of Jerusalem contended that the Ottoman Empire was part of the Divine Dispensation granted by God to protect Orthodoxy from the taint of Roman Catholicism and of Western secularism and irreligion.
- 1800 The Rudder published and printed in Athens.
- 1803 Death of Xenia of St. Petersburg.
- 1804 British and Foreign Bible Society founded.
- 1805 Death of Makarios of Corinth, a central figure in the Kollyvades movement.
- 1808 Death of Hieromartyr Nikita the Slav, of Mount Athos.
- 1809-10 Rotunda and edicule exterior of Church of the Holy Sepulchre rebuilt after fire in Ottoman Baroque style.
- 1811 Autocephaly of the Church of Georgia revoked by the Russian imperial state after Georgia's annexation, making it subject to the Church of Russia.
- 1814 Martyrdom of Euthymius and Ignatius of Mount Athos.
- 1815 Peter the Aleut tortured and martyred in San Francisco, California.
- 1816 American Bible Society founded; martyrdom of Acacius of Athos.
- 1819 Council at Constantinople endorses views of Kollyvades fathers.
- Some of these dates are necessarily a bit vague, as records for some periods are particularly difficult to piece together accurately.
- The division of Church History into separate eras as done here will always be to some extent arbitrary, though it was attempted to group periods according to major watershed events.
- This timeline is necessarily biased toward the history of the Orthodox Church, though a number of non-Orthodox or purely political events are mentioned for their importance in history related to Orthodoxy or for reference.
See also
Published works
The following are published writings that provide an overview of Church history:
From an Orthodox perspective
- Schmemann, Alexander. The Historical Road of Eastern Orthodoxy.
- Ware, Timothy. The Orthodox Church: New Edition. (ISBN 0140146563)
From a Heterodox perspective
- Cairns, Earle E. Christianity Through the Centuries: A History of the Christian Church. (ISBN 0310208122)
- Collins, Michael, ed.; Price, Matthew Arlen. Story of Christianity: A Celebration of 2000 Years of Faith. (ISBN 0789446057)
- Gonzalez, Justo L. A History of Christian Thought, Volume 3: From the Protestant Reformation to the Twentieth Century. (ISBN 0687171849)
- Gonzalez, Justo L. The Story of Christianity, Volume 2: Reformation to the Present Day. (ISBN 0060633166)
- Hastings, Adrian, ed. A World History of Christianity. (ISBN 0802848753)
- Jones, Timothy P. Christian History Made Easy. (ISBN 1890947105)
- Noll, Mark A. Turning Points: Decisive Moments in the History of Christianity. (ISBN 080106211X)
- Pelikan, Jaroslav. The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine, Volume 2: The Spirit of Eastern Christendom (600-1700). (ISBN 0226653730)
- Pelikan, Jaroslav. The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine, Volume 4: Reformation of Church and Dogma (1300-1700). (ISBN 0226653773)
- Pelikan, Jaroslav. The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine, Volume 5: Christian Doctrine and Modern Culture (since 1700). (ISBN 0226653803)
- Peri, Oded (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem). Islamic Law and Christian Holy Sites: Jerusalem and Its Vicinity in Early Ottoman Times. Islamic Law and Society. Vol.6, No.1. 1999. pp.97-111.
- Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church. (ISBN 156563196X)
External links
- History of Orthodox Christianity (QuickTime movies)
- Timeline of Patriarchal History. Order of St. Andrew the Apostle. Archons of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. (Pop-up Video Presentation, in Sections)


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In 2007, several million bags of pet food were recalled in the United States due to contamination. Though some of the recalls were done by the manufacturers voluntarily to "be safe," some of the recalled food was found to have contaminated vegetable proteins. Several pets unfortunately died, and even
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text:
Diabetes is a serious disease that can affect many aspects of the body — the heart and kidneys, blood circulation and even the eyes. In fact, diabetic eye disease increased in prevalence by 89 percent between 2000 and 2010 and is a leading cause of blindness among American adults. Despite this, vision care is often overlooked by people with diabetes as they work to manage the many other health problems the disease can cause.
According to a survey by the American Optometric Association, 55 percent of people are unaware that diabetic eye disease often has no visual signs or symptoms. Additionally, 44 percent of Americans don't know that a person with diabetes should have a comprehensive eye exam once a year, including a retina (dilated) eye exam. Yet, these exams are the only way to diagnose serious eye diseases associated with diabetes at its early stage. Regular retina eye exams are critical for early detection and treatment of these progressive eye diseases that often begin without warning.
The longer a person has diabetes, the higher their risk for eye disease. Over time, diabetes may cause damage to the blood vessels in the back of the eye, known as diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to diabetic macular edema (DME). DME occurs when the damaged blood vessels leak fluid and cause swelling. Although symptoms are not always present, this swelling can cause blurred vision, double vision and patches in vision, which may appear as small black dots or lines "floating" across the front of the eye.
Approximately 26 million Americans have diabetes and may be at risk for DME. More than 560,000 Americans have DME. Yet, approximately 55 percent are unaware that they have the disease. African Americans and Hispanics over the age of 40 are also at a higher risk for DME.
Talk to us about our 8 weeks to wellness program to find out if our program can help you manage your diabetes- or prevent it!


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Cozyblue embroidery kits include everything you need to create your own hand embroidered hoop.
The pattern design is pre-printed on 100% cotton fabric, so there's no need for transferring or tracing. just pop the fabric in the hoop, thread your needle, and start stitching!
These make easy and wonderful gifts. crafty friends, family, teachers, and co-workers will love them. or treat yourself, and have fun stitching something awesome.
Embroidery is a great way to slow down, get cozy, and get crafty.
Each kit contains:
- pre-printed (in color) fabric pattern
- coordinating embroidery floss
- needle
- wooden hoop(s)
- full color card with image on front and stitching notes on back
- my 'getting started with hand embroidery' guide and instructional how-to for my favorite basic stitches
Finished design is sized to fit nicely in a 6" hoop.


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Glendale Heights Chiropractor Explains the Value of Health
Glendale Heights Chiropractor Explains the Value of Health
The value of health is something that can never be overstated, no matter how long you talk about it. It's easy to place other aspects of life ahead of health on the priority list, but once your health falters none of those other things matter. If you aren't healthy enough to work, look after children or spend time with friends, then your health becomes all that matters. Take these pieces of advice from a Glendale Heights chiropractor in order to truly understand the value of health.
Many Facets of Health and Wellness
Health and wellness is made up of a lot more than just your physical condition. Your physical body is important, and it is when this part starts breaking down that you might contact a chiropractor for treatment, but it's just one piece of the puzzle.
Emotional wellness is another element that can directly contribute to your physical well-being. If you've been through emotional traumas, and haven't dealt with them along the way, they tend to manifest in other areas of life that affect your overall health. It's always best to express your emotions freely and manage them so you're not hurting anyone else in the process.
Maintaining strong social bonds with family and friends is another way to strengthen your health. Study after study shows the importance of having strong social connections when it comes to your health. The most important relationship you'll have is with yourself, but a sense of community and sharing with others is also a critical element.
Enjoying what you do in life is another important aspect of your overall health and wellness. So many people feel like they are trapped in professions they don't find rewarding or that actually drain them physically and mentally. It's almost impossible to be happy and healthy when you dread going to work five days per week.
Living Life on Your Own Terms
When all of these facets are in balance and your health is thriving, you get to live life on your own terms rather than relying on doctors and medicine to keep you going. Seeing a Glendale Heights chiropractor can certainly reduce pain and increase your range of motion, but all of the different elements of wellness work together, so ignoring some of them isn't going to make you feel better overall. At the end of the day, health is all you really have and luckily, you're in control.
At LifeSource Health and Wellness our team is here to help answer your questions. Please feel free to contact us today.
Monday | 8:00am - 12:00pm 3:00pm - 6:30pm |
Tuesday | 3:00pm - 6:00pm |
Wednesday | 8:00am - 12:00pm 3:00pm - 6:30pm |
Thursday | 8:00am - 11:00am 3:00pm - 6:30pm |
Friday | Out of Office |
Saturday | Closed |
Sunday | Closed |
1136 Bloomingdale Road
Glendale Heights, IL 60139


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Wrong Fuel? Petrol in Diesel? From £120.00 Keynsham, Bristol
Have You Put Petrol in a Diesel or Diesel in a Petrol Car by Mistake?
In Keynsham And Mistakenly Filled Up With The Wrong Fuel And Need Recovery?
Call one of our friendly advisors now on 0333 344 1908
- Should you have put petrol in a diesel, or diesel in a petrol then please ensure that the engine is not running and call one of our advisors.
- If you have driven the vehicle, don't worry! We'll get you on the road again
- If possible, just pull over where it's safe and call us. You may have a fuel contamination problem now. Most of the time there will not be any damage to your vehicle but it will require a fuel drain.
If you're stuck with the Wrong Fuel in Keynsham call us now!
Our technicians are fully licensed and fully insured for you peace of mind. Along with our 10 years experience in draining fuel from every make and model of car you can be sure that you will be on your way again with the minimum of hassle.
What people say about our Fuel Drainage Service in Keynsham, Bristol
"I unfortunately filled my diesel car with petrol only noticing as I put the nozzle back in place, now I had a full tank of petrol. I quickly searched the Internet and found Wrong Fuel Help. I did find a couple of others, which I did try, but they didn't answer the phone." This happened to a gentleman in Keynsham. At Wrong Fuel Help we are always professional and always answer our helpline. "Your guy arrived in 25 minutes and drained the 40 litres of petrol out." Our fuel technician then ensured that the fuel lines and system were flushed with diesel. Another happy customer.
Wrong Fuel Help to the rescue for new drivers with fuel problems
A disgruntled new driver called us stranded in Keynsham. She was out for a shopping day when she broke down in her new Saab diesel. "It was only my second time filling up and I've put the blessed wrong fuel in, what a rot!". She had put petrol in a diesel and wasn't happy when she blocked all the traffic when she ground to a halt. "I rang my husband and he Google'd what to do for me, and that's when I called the team at Wrong Fuel Help. Lord Heaven's above was I glad to see your man. Very efficient, he got to me within about 35 minutes and took care of it all." Another fuel drain sorted the problem and she was back shopping with her friends. Professionalism is one of our top priorities at Wrong Fuel Help and is why we are fully insured for fuel drain services giving you complete piece of mind.
You've filled up with the wrong fuel in a hurry to get somewhere? Put diesel in a petrol?
A new MG was all fixed and ready for action again after our trusty technician fixed it for our last customer. The car had been abandoned in Keynsham as the customer couldn't spare a second to wait for the technician to arrive. The customer had an interview to get to, so just abandoned the car. It wasn't a problem for us; the technician managed to sort the car out with a quick fuel drain and had it ready and waiting for the customer when she arrived back from the interview. She had put diesel in the petrol car by mistake in a hurry to get to the interview. In a panic she searched the web and found out about Wrong Fuel Help. "They were great, the technician took care of everything for me and I may possibly still get the job, thanks to him". She said to the adviser when she asked for feedback afterwards.
If you are wondering what do I do if I've put petrol in a diesel car? Then just call a professional Fuel Recovery service, like Wrong Fuel Help.
So if you're in Keynsham, Bristol local friendly technicians are always on hand should you have a wrong fuel problem, for example filling up with petrol in a diesel car.


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Pullman Phu Quoc Beach Resort ☆☆☆☆☆
Group 6, Ban Quy Hamlet, Duong Bao Area, Duong To Commune, 922270 Phu Quoc Island
Tel: +84 (0) 297 267 9999 or +84 (0) 91 665 0248


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Terms of Service
Section 1. General Provisions
Article 1. Definitions
Agreement on Use of Stores. -
Basic Service
Mail-order services that are provided by the store owner ("We," "Our" or "Us") through the Internet. -
A person who makes an offer to purchase goods according to the procedures prescribed by Us, after understanding and accepting all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement and those of the Privacy Policy. -
"User" collectively refers to a person who retrieves, views or uses images, text, designs, logos, videos, programs, ideas or other information ("Content") provided by Us through the Basic Service, after understanding and accepting all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement and those of the Privacy Policy.
Article 2. Application of Agreement
We have established this Agreement to enable Users to make use of the Basic Service We provide on the Internet. By starting to use the Basic Service, the User is deemed to have accepted the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
Article 3. Changes to This Agreement
If deemed necessary, We may amend this Agreement within the scope of the purposes of the Basic Service. In the event of any amendment to this Agreement, we will notify Users and Purchasers, in advance, of the amended terms and conditions of this Agreement and the effective date of such amendment, by posting these on Our website or by other appropriate means. Users shall be deemed to have accepted the amended Agreement if such Users use the Basic Service on or after such effective date.
Section 2. Commodity Purchases, etc.
Article 4. Commodity Purchases
- Users may purchase commodities from Us by using the Basic Service.
- Users wishing to purchase commodities may apply for such purchases according to procedures specified elsewhere.
- In accordance with said application, after verifying the delivery address, order content, other information, etc. input and registered by the User, the User must click on the "Order" button. A purchase contract between the User and Us relative to said commodities is considered concluded from the time when Our letter of confirmation reaches said User.
- Regardless of the provisions set forth in the preceding article, in case of any wrongful or inappropriate act, We may cancel or rescind the purchase contract or take whatever other measures may be suitable.
- Minors may not use the Basic Service or make purchases without the consent of a competent legal representative, given in advance.
Article 5. Changes to Registered Information
In the event of changes, in whole or in part, to the name and/or address entered by a purchaser during a purchase and/or to any other information submitted by such purchaser to Us, such purchaser shall promptly notify Us of such changes. Notwithstanding the registration of such changes, any transaction already processed prior to such registration of changes shall be fulfilled based on the information prior to the registration of changes.
Article 6. Payment
- The amount of payment for goods shall be the total of the sales price of the goods listed on Our website, consumption tax, delivery charges, and commissions.
- Payment for goods purchased through the Basic Service shall be made only by any of the payment methods prescribed by Us.
- Payment by credit card shall be subject to the conditions separately agreed upon between the Purchaser and the credit-card company. Should any dispute arise in connection with use of a credit card between the Purchaser and the credit card company, the Purchaser and the credit card company shall be responsible for resolving the dispute between themselves.
- If a payment means is designated for the Basic Service and if a separate agreement (including any agreement to the terms and conditions of the payment means) is entered into between the Purchaser and the payment company having the payment means, the Purchaser shall be subject to the conditions of the separate agreement entered into between the Purchaser and the payment company. Should any dispute arise in connection with such payment means between the Purchaser and the payment company, the Purchaser and the payment company shall be responsible for resolving the dispute between themselves.
Article 7. Returns
We handle returns from Purchasers according to the "Special Provisions Item on Returns" contained in the Special Commercial Transaction Act posted on Our site.
Section 3. Treatment of Personal Information
Article 8. Handling of Personal Information
We handle personal information according to Our Privacy Policy, set forth elsewhere.
Section 4. Responsibilities Related to Usage
Article 9. Prohibitions
In using the Basic Service, Users and Purchasers shall be prohibited from engaging in any of the acts listed below.
- Any act that causes or is likely to cause trouble, disadvantage, or damage to any other User, third party or Us.
- Any act that infringes or is likely to infringe on any of Our or third-party rights, such as copyrights, patent rights or other intellectual-property rights, personal rights, portrait rights, privacy rights, and publicity rights.
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- To use any Content obtained through the Basic Service beyond the limits of personal use.
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- Any act that hinders the operations of the Basic Service or any other service provided by Us.
- Any act that is reasonably considered by Us to cause damage to or a loss of Our reputation.
- Any other act deemed inappropriate by Us.
Section 5. Disclaimers
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- We do not generally accept any liability to Users or Purchasers for any damage arising from their use of the Basic Service, nor do We assume any obligation to compensate any Users or Purchasers for such damage. However, if these disclaimers are not applicable due to such reasons as that the contract executed between a User or Purchaser and Us under this Agreement constitutes a Consumer Contract as defined in Article 2, paragraph 3 of the Consumer Contract Act (Act No. 61 of 2000), such provisions of this Agreement as otherwise fully release Us from Our liability shall not apply. If such contract executed under this Agreement constitutes a Consumer Contract and if We assume liability for damages due to default or tort, then We shall assume liability for damages up to the amount paid by the User or Purchaser to Us under this Agreement for the period of one year preceding the date of occurrence of the damage, unless such damage is caused by intent or gross negligence on Our part.
- If a Purchaser fails or refuses to receive goods, or if a Purchaser is unable to receive goods due to his/her long absence, or if a Purchaser's delivery address is unknown, or if a Purchaser is unable to receive goods for other reasons on the part of the Purchaser, then We shall fulfill Our obligation to deliver such goods through such means as contacting the contact details registered by the Purchaser and bringing or shipping the goods to the delivery address designated by the Purchaser during the purchase of the goods, whereupon We shall be released from such obligation.
Section 6. Miscellaneous Provisions
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All Content provided by the Basic Service is vested exclusively in Us or duly authorized third parties. Should problems arise owing to infringement of this article between Users or Purchasers and third parties, said Users or Purchasers are to assume responsibility and costs for resolution without causing any damage, loss or disadvantage to Us.
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This Agreement is subject to all the laws and ordinances of the nation of Japan.
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We and the relevant User or Purchaser, as the case may be, shall strive to promptly resolve through consultation, in accordance with the principle of good faith, any matters not specified herein or any questions arising as to the interpretation of this Agreement. It is agreed in advance that the court having jurisdiction over Our location shall have exclusive jurisdiction as the court of first instance over all disputes related to this Agreement.


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34.13. Operator Optimization Information
A Postgres Pro operator definition can include several optional clauses that tell the system useful things about how the operator behaves. These clauses should be provided whenever appropriate, because they can make for considerable speedups in execution of queries that use the operator. But if you provide them, you must be sure that they are right! Incorrect use of an optimization clause can result in slow queries, subtly wrong output, or other Bad Things. You can always leave out an optimization clause if you are not sure about it; the only consequence is that queries might run slower than they need to.
Additional optimization clauses might be added in future versions of Postgres Pro. The ones described here are all the ones that release 184.108.40.206 understands.
The COMMUTATOR
clause, if provided, names an operator that is the commutator of the operator being defined. We say that operator A is the commutator of operator B if (x A y) equals (y B x) for all possible input values x, y. Notice that B is also the commutator of A. For example, operators <
and >
for a particular data type are usually each others' commutators, and operator +
is usually commutative with itself. But operator -
is usually not commutative with anything.
The left operand type of a commutable operator is the same as the right operand type of its commutator, and vice versa. So the name of the commutator operator is all that Postgres Pro needs to be given to look up the commutator, and that's all that needs to be provided in the COMMUTATOR
It's critical to provide commutator information for operators that will be used in indexes and join clauses, because this allows the query optimizer to "flip around" such a clause to the forms needed for different plan types. For example, consider a query with a WHERE clause like tab1.x = tab2.y
, where tab1.x
and tab2.y
are of a user-defined type, and suppose that tab2.y
is indexed. The optimizer cannot generate an index scan unless it can determine how to flip the clause around to tab2.y = tab1.x
, because the index-scan machinery expects to see the indexed column on the left of the operator it is given. Postgres Pro will not simply assume that this is a valid transformation — the creator of the =
operator must specify that it is valid, by marking the operator with commutator information.
When you are defining a self-commutative operator, you just do it. When you are defining a pair of commutative operators, things are a little trickier: how can the first one to be defined refer to the other one, which you haven't defined yet? There are two solutions to this problem:
One way is to omit the
clause in the first operator that you define, and then provide one in the second operator's definition. Since Postgres Pro knows that commutative operators come in pairs, when it sees the second definition it will automatically go back and fill in the missingCOMMUTATOR
clause in the first definition.The other, more straightforward way is just to include
clauses in both definitions. When Postgres Pro processes the first definition and realizes thatCOMMUTATOR
refers to a nonexistent operator, the system will make a dummy entry for that operator in the system catalog. This dummy entry will have valid data only for the operator name, left and right operand types, and result type, since that's all that Postgres Pro can deduce at this point. The first operator's catalog entry will link to this dummy entry. Later, when you define the second operator, the system updates the dummy entry with the additional information from the second definition. If you try to use the dummy operator before it's been filled in, you'll just get an error message.
The NEGATOR
clause, if provided, names an operator that is the negator of the operator being defined. We say that operator A is the negator of operator B if both return Boolean results and (x A y) equals NOT (x B y) for all possible inputs x, y. Notice that B is also the negator of A. For example, <
and >=
are a negator pair for most data types. An operator can never validly be its own negator.
Unlike commutators, a pair of unary operators could validly be marked as each other's negators; that would mean (A x) equals NOT (B x) for all x, or the equivalent for right unary operators.
An operator's negator must have the same left and/or right operand types as the operator to be defined, so just as with COMMUTATOR
, only the operator name need be given in the NEGATOR
Providing a negator is very helpful to the query optimizer since it allows expressions like NOT (x = y)
to be simplified into x <> y
. This comes up more often than you might think, because NOT
operations can be inserted as a consequence of other rearrangements.
Pairs of negator operators can be defined using the same methods explained above for commutator pairs.
The RESTRICT
clause, if provided, names a restriction selectivity estimation function for the operator. (Note that this is a function name, not an operator name.) RESTRICT
clauses only make sense for binary operators that return boolean
. The idea behind a restriction selectivity estimator is to guess what fraction of the rows in a table will satisfy a WHERE
-clause condition of the form:
column OP constant
for the current operator and a particular constant value. This assists the optimizer by giving it some idea of how many rows will be eliminated by WHERE
clauses that have this form. (What happens if the constant is on the left, you might be wondering? Well, that's one of the things that COMMUTATOR
is for...)
Writing new restriction selectivity estimation functions is far beyond the scope of this chapter, but fortunately you can usually just use one of the system's standard estimators for many of your own operators. These are the standard restriction estimators:
eqsel for = |
neqsel for <> |
scalarltsel for < or <= |
scalargtsel for > or >= |
It might seem a little odd that these are the categories, but they make sense if you think about it. =
will typically accept only a small fraction of the rows in a table; <>
will typically reject only a small fraction. <
will accept a fraction that depends on where the given constant falls in the range of values for that table column (which, it just so happens, is information collected by ANALYZE
and made available to the selectivity estimator). <=
will accept a slightly larger fraction than <
for the same comparison constant, but they're close enough to not be worth distinguishing, especially since we're not likely to do better than a rough guess anyhow. Similar remarks apply to >
and >=
You can frequently get away with using either eqsel
or neqsel
for operators that have very high or very low selectivity, even if they aren't really equality or inequality. For example, the approximate-equality geometric operators use eqsel
on the assumption that they'll usually only match a small fraction of the entries in a table.
You can use scalarltsel
and scalargtsel
for comparisons on data types that have some sensible means of being converted into numeric scalars for range comparisons. If possible, add the data type to those understood by the function convert_to_scalar()
in src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c
. (Eventually, this function should be replaced by per-data-type functions identified through a column of the pg_type
system catalog; but that hasn't happened yet.) If you do not do this, things will still work, but the optimizer's estimates won't be as good as they could be.
There are additional selectivity estimation functions designed for geometric operators in src/backend/utils/adt/geo_selfuncs.c
: areasel
, positionsel
, and contsel
. At this writing these are just stubs, but you might want to use them (or even better, improve them) anyway.
The JOIN
clause, if provided, names a join selectivity estimation function for the operator. (Note that this is a function name, not an operator name.) JOIN
clauses only make sense for binary operators that return boolean
. The idea behind a join selectivity estimator is to guess what fraction of the rows in a pair of tables will satisfy a WHERE
-clause condition of the form:
table1.column1 OP table2.column2
for the current operator. As with the RESTRICT
clause, this helps the optimizer very substantially by letting it figure out which of several possible join sequences is likely to take the least work.
As before, this chapter will make no attempt to explain how to write a join selectivity estimator function, but will just suggest that you use one of the standard estimators if one is applicable:
eqjoinsel for = |
neqjoinsel for <> |
scalarltjoinsel for < or <= |
scalargtjoinsel for > or >= |
areajoinsel for 2D area-based comparisons |
positionjoinsel for 2D position-based comparisons |
contjoinsel for 2D containment-based comparisons |
The HASHES
clause, if present, tells the system that it is permissible to use the hash join method for a join based on this operator. HASHES
only makes sense for a binary operator that returns boolean
, and in practice the operator must represent equality for some data type or pair of data types.
The assumption underlying hash join is that the join operator can only return true for pairs of left and right values that hash to the same hash code. If two values get put in different hash buckets, the join will never compare them at all, implicitly assuming that the result of the join operator must be false. So it never makes sense to specify HASHES
for operators that do not represent some form of equality. In most cases it is only practical to support hashing for operators that take the same data type on both sides. However, sometimes it is possible to design compatible hash functions for two or more data types; that is, functions that will generate the same hash codes for "equal" values, even though the values have different representations. For example, it's fairly simple to arrange this property when hashing integers of different widths.
To be marked HASHES
, the join operator must appear in a hash index operator family. This is not enforced when you create the operator, since of course the referencing operator family couldn't exist yet. But attempts to use the operator in hash joins will fail at run time if no such operator family exists. The system needs the operator family to find the data-type-specific hash function(s) for the operator's input data type(s). Of course, you must also create suitable hash functions before you can create the operator family.
Care should be exercised when preparing a hash function, because there are machine-dependent ways in which it might fail to do the right thing. For example, if your data type is a structure in which there might be uninteresting pad bits, you cannot simply pass the whole structure to hash_any
. (Unless you write your other operators and functions to ensure that the unused bits are always zero, which is the recommended strategy.) Another example is that on machines that meet the IEEE floating-point standard, negative zero and positive zero are different values (different bit patterns) but they are defined to compare equal. If a float value might contain negative zero then extra steps are needed to ensure it generates the same hash value as positive zero.
A hash-joinable operator must have a commutator (itself if the two operand data types are the same, or a related equality operator if they are different) that appears in the same operator family. If this is not the case, planner errors might occur when the operator is used. Also, it is a good idea (but not strictly required) for a hash operator family that supports multiple data types to provide equality operators for every combination of the data types; this allows better optimization.
The function underlying a hash-joinable operator must be marked immutable or stable. If it is volatile, the system will never attempt to use the operator for a hash join.
If a hash-joinable operator has an underlying function that is marked strict, the function must also be complete: that is, it should return true or false, never null, for any two nonnull inputs. If this rule is not followed, hash-optimization of IN
operations might generate wrong results. (Specifically, IN
might return false where the correct answer according to the standard would be null; or it might yield an error complaining that it wasn't prepared for a null result.)
The MERGES
clause, if present, tells the system that it is permissible to use the merge-join method for a join based on this operator. MERGES
only makes sense for a binary operator that returns boolean
, and in practice the operator must represent equality for some data type or pair of data types.
Merge join is based on the idea of sorting the left- and right-hand tables into order and then scanning them in parallel. So, both data types must be capable of being fully ordered, and the join operator must be one that can only succeed for pairs of values that fall at the "same place" in the sort order. In practice this means that the join operator must behave like equality. But it is possible to merge-join two distinct data types so long as they are logically compatible. For example, the smallint
equality operator is merge-joinable. We only need sorting operators that will bring both data types into a logically compatible sequence.
To be marked MERGES
, the join operator must appear as an equality member of a btree
index operator family. This is not enforced when you create the operator, since of course the referencing operator family couldn't exist yet. But the operator will not actually be used for merge joins unless a matching operator family can be found. The MERGES
flag thus acts as a hint to the planner that it's worth looking for a matching operator family.
A merge-joinable operator must have a commutator (itself if the two operand data types are the same, or a related equality operator if they are different) that appears in the same operator family. If this is not the case, planner errors might occur when the operator is used. Also, it is a good idea (but not strictly required) for a btree
operator family that supports multiple data types to provide equality operators for every combination of the data types; this allows better optimization.
The function underlying a merge-joinable operator must be marked immutable or stable. If it is volatile, the system will never attempt to use the operator for a merge join.


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3.5 CT Round Halo & Pave Style Moissanite Engagement Ring
Free Worldwide Shipping
Ethically Sourced
Lifetime Warranty
Price Match Guarantee
🎁 Gift happiness by ordering today! Guaranteed delivery by 15th Aug. 🚚
📧 Need early delivery Contact us
📦Free Shipping Over 500$
✦ The Ring Shown in the Picture Holds a Beautiful 3.5 CT Round Cut Moissanite.
✦ Main Stone Details
✧ Shape: Round Cut Moissanite
✧ Weight: 3.5 CT
✧ Color: DEF(Colorless)
✧ Clarity: VVS
✦ Side Stone Details
✧ Shape: Round Cut Moissanite
✧ Weight: 0.8 CT (App.)
✧ Color: DEF (Colorless)
✧ Clarity: VVS
✦ Ring Details
✧ Metal: Gold (10KT, 14KT, 18KT)
✧ Metal Tone: Yellow, White, Rose Gold
Life Time Warranty
We are proud to provide a lifetime warranty on each and every one of our pieces, so you can rest assured that we will lovingly care for your Moissanite Craft Fine jewelry whenever it needs servicing. We stand by our work.
We will repair your jewelry whenever it needs repairing for as long as you own it.
Also, you can send your jewelry to us at any time for a free thorough cleaning and inspection to ensure it is sparkling beautifully and in top shape.
There are a few limitations to our warranty:
- Our warranty does not include the replacement of lost center/focal stones. We recommend you obtain insurance in your piece for the unlikely event of a focal stone falling out or getting damaged.
- Many of our pieces feature one-of-a-kind stones. If these stones become damaged, we will do our best to replace them with a comparable stone, but color and type may vary, depending on what we have available.
- Clients are responsible for shipping costs (to and from our studio) for cleanings, inspections, and repair work.
Please Note: Clients are responsible for import fees and customs charges in addition to shipping costs. Please check with your customs office about any fees that may be associated with having us repair your piece. - All repair work is free within the first two years of ownership (except the replacement of focal stones). After two years of ownership, we will charge a small labor fee and/or materials fee for your repair service.
- If you wear fine jewelry daily, a little wear and tear are normal. Our repair specialists will evaluate your piece. If you need repairs that go beyond what's needed for normal wear and tear, we'll let you know about the labor costs and material fees associated with your service.
- Repairs or polishing by third-party jewelers.
Please Note: The warranty is void if you take your piece to another jeweler for resizing or repair work.
✧ If your Moissanite Craft's Fine Jewelry piece needs repair, please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com to ensure that it's entered into our service schedule. Our highly skilled repair specialist will evaluate your piece and stay in open communication with you about the work that's needed and any associated costs.
✧ Feel free to reach out to us with any questions or if you need to pass on any additional information about the service you need.
Manufacturing & Shipping
We strive to deliver products purchased from Moissanite Diamond in the fastest time possible. All the orders are delivered free to the customer's address. As Moissanite Diamond deals in custom jewellery, any order will take around 2 weeks to make and then it will be shipped. Products should be delivered within 6-9 business days once manufacturing is completed. The customer is responsible for any duties or taxes collected by the local government. We fully insure each item for the final purchase price, from the time it is in transit until the time it arrives at its destination and the recipient's signature is required at the time of delivery. Please note Moissanite Diamond cannot be held accountable for delays on the shipper's part due to severe weather or other unexpected conditions. Please note that we cannot ship to PO boxes.
How do I track the status of my order?
You can log in to your account on the website and check the status of your order there. Alternatively, you can contact our customer service centre at email@example.com for the same.
Refund & Returns
We have a 30-day return policy, which means you have 30 days after receiving your item to request a return.
To be eligible for a return, your item must be in the same condition that you received it, unworn or unused, with tags, and in its original packaging. You'll also need the receipt or proof of purchase.
You can always contact us for any return questions at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Since our designs are handcrafted, all returns will incur a 20% restocking fee. This fee covers the labour required to resize and polish the returned piece. If the returned piece requires extensive cleaning or repair (or is in any other condition that prevents resale), we will charge a higher restocking fee, depending on the amount of repair work that's required.
Damages and issues
Please inspect your order upon reception and contact us immediately if the item is defective or damaged or if you received the wrong item so we can evaluate the issue and make it right.
The following items can't be returned or exchanges
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, we can't accept returns or exchanges for:
- Custom or personalized orders
- Eternity Bands made to order
- Items on Sale
- Items Purchased During a Sales Event
If you wish to exchange your piece, we will apply the full amount of your original purchase to a new purchase of equal or greater value. We need some processing time to make a new piece, as mentioned on the product page. You have to contact us within 30 days of receiving the piece. The credit does not apply to future purchases, and the credit is limited to one exchange per piece.
Please contact us before you send your jewelry back, so we can be sure it arrives safely. Clients are responsible for return shipping costs, and we highly recommend that you insure your package and send it in a traceable courier—we are not responsible for items lost in the mail.
We will notify you once we've received and inspected your return and let you know if the refund was approved. If approved, you'll be automatically refunded on your original payment method. Please remember it can take time for your bank or credit card company to process and post the refund.
If your ring does not fit, we offer free resizes. You just pay for shipping—you send the ring to us.
Our current timeline for resizing requests is 1-2 weeks from receiving your ring.
Ring sizing is not universal. We highly recommend using our Perfect Fit Ring Sizer. It's a metal sizer and the best way to ensure that your jewelry will fit perfectly on the first try. When you're done, you can return the Perfect Fit Sizer to us so we can recycle it, and we'll refund you for the value of your sizer minus shipping. Order It Here.
While we have your ring for the resize, we'll complete a full inspection. As part of our process, we'll automatically take care of any minor issues related to ordinary wear and tear. If we need to do any work that goes beyond that, we'll send you an intake form. Then, with your approval, we'll re-perfect your ring.
In some cases, we may simply exchange the original ring for an identical ring in your size instead of resizing. Why? If either a) it would result in a faster turnaround time, or b) if the integrity of the design would be affected. An exchange would only apply to bands that are plain gold and don't feature any stones. And like all of our pieces, the swapped ring would be handcrafted from scratch. Of course, we'll always contact you if we'd recommend that route.
Clients are responsible for shipping costs both ways (and for international clients that includes customs fees).
Please Note: If you chose the "Eternity Band" style option for your ring, resizing incurs a $100 fee (as opposed to our standard complimentary service). You will be required to email us to confirm your ring size before we can begin production on your piece.
Information About Repairs
If you need a repair please contact us on email@example.com. But before you do, here are some important details you should know about how we do repairs:
- Our repair specialists write up an intake form that notes the current condition of the piece and any repair work that's required. We'll always send you a copy of that intake form so we're all on the same page.
- After that, we'll immediately get started on any work that's covered under the warranty (without bugging you for approval). That may include the following:
- Replacing or resetting stones
- Replacing the setting
- Prong work or replacement
- Replacing thinner areas of the band
- Resizing the ring - Please let us know before you send us your piece if 1) you don't want us to do any or part of the above warranty-related work, or 2) you'd prefer to review and approve the scope of the work before we get started.
- If work needs to be done that goes beyond what the warranty covers, we'll let you know. You'll have the ability to opt out of those repairs at that point if you want.
- Clients are responsible for shipping costs both ways.
- Our current timeline for repairs is 2-3 weeks from the time we receive your piece.
- NOTE: If your piece needs a new stone, we can't guarantee the replacement of limited-edition or one-of-a-kind stones. In the rare case that the exact stone isn't available, we'll follow up with you and get your approval on an alternative that matches.
We understand that things happen and fine jewelry is delicate. There are things you can do to take care of your jewelry.
But don't worry if something does happen. We offer a generous lifetime warranty on all of our pieces. We stand by our work, and we want to take care of you and your jewelry.
Care Instructions
To keep your moissanite jewelry looking its best, follow these simple care tips. First, regularly clean your moissanite gemstones using mild soap and warm water, gently scrubbing with a soft brush to remove any dirt or residue. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners that can damage the diamond's brilliance.
When storing your moissanite jewelry, keep it separate from other pieces to prevent scratching, ideally in a soft cloth or padded jewelry box. Additionally, remove your jewelry before engaging in activities that may expose it to harsh chemicals or extreme temperatures. With proper care and maintenance, your moissanite jewelry will continue to sparkle and shine for years to come.
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Just Like A Diamond, A True Friend Is Forever!
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Flat 30% Off on Bridal Sets | Code: BRIDAL30
Experience the pinnacle of elegance reserved for the discerning. Our ethically sourced Moissanite, rivaling the finest diamonds, offers a cut above the rest. Say goodbye to inclusions and imperfections.
Our Moissanite shines with DEF color grade, the epitome of whiteness, and VVS clarity, ensuring only minuscule blemishes under magnification. This is Moissanite perfection, accessible to those who demand the best in ethical luxury.
Read About MoissaniteWhy Moissanite Craft?
A Legacy of Brilliance
Witness the Meticulous Journey of Your Timeless Moissanite
Conception and Confirmation
Upon receiving your order, our team beams with delight. We carefully review every detail, ensuring your preferences are perfectly captured. This is where your vision starts to take shape, and is translated into a detailed email for precise confirmation. We then expect your confirmation within 24 hours, if we don't, we assume you're happy to proceed.
Precision Carving
From the designer's vision, skilled artisans translate the sketches into reality. Using advanced Computer-Aided Design (CAD) technology, they meticulously sculpt wax models of each piece, ensuring perfect proportions and intricate details. These wax models become the blueprint for the jewelry's eventual form.
Molten Magic
Next comes the transformation from delicate wax to sturdy metal. The wax models are carefully invested in specialized casting machines, where molten precious metals like gold, platinum, or silver take their place. Once cooled, these metal castings become the foundation upon which the gemstones will be set.
Gemstone Symphony
Now, the stars of the show take center stage: the moissanites! Each gemstone is hand-selected for its fire, brilliance, and flawless cut. Skilled gem setters meticulously secure the moissanites into their metal settings, using specialized tools and techniques to ensure a perfect fit and maximum sparkle.
Polishing Perfection
Every rough edge is meticulously polished away, revealing the dazzling brilliance of the finished piece. Craftsmen use specialized buffing wheels and polishing compounds to bring out the moissanite's fire and the metal's luster, creating a mirror-like shine that captures the light with every movement.
Quality Control
Each piece undergoes rigorous quality control checks to ensure it meets our exacting standards. From gemstone placement and setting to metalwork and polish, every detail is meticulously examined before a piece is deemed worthy of joining our collection.
Ready to Dazzle
Finally, the moment arrives! Each finished piece is carefully packaged and prepared to embark on its journey to adorn its perfect owner. This treasured box is shipped, carrying within it a spark of your story, arrives within 5-8 days, ready to unfold its brilliance.
Moissanite is a brilliant choice for those seeking an alternative to a lab diamond engagement ring. It offers the same level of clarity and is graded by Australia-based Radiant Beauty to ensure top quality, just like our lab grown diamond collections.
Yes. Due to its similar properties to diamonds (both lab grown and mined or natural diamond rings), moissanite can pass a diamond tester. However, our specialised equipment can distinguish between moissanite and diamonds, ensuring you know exactly what you're purchasing.
Moissanite is not a fake diamond but a gemstone that offers stunning lab grown beauty. It's perfect for those looking for the same level of sparkle and clarity found in diamonds, but at a more accessible price point.
Absolutely not! Due to its diamond-like appearance, many people believe the misconception that moissanite is a fake diamond when it is in fact a high quality, beautiful gemstone in its own right. Moissanite is becoming an increasingly popular choice of stone in engagement rings due to its dazzling beauty, durability, ease of customisation and affordability.
Have Further Questions?
"Feel free to connect with our dedicated team of jewelry specialists for any inquiries or assistance in discovering your ideal piece. We're here to guide you every step of the way."


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Vizsla In Gift Bag Christmas Ornament GB115
Regular price$9.00
- Secure Checkout + Money Back Guarantee
- USPS Dedicated Shipping + 24/7 Customer Support
- In stock, ready to ship
- Inventory on the way
- The product is made from mica plastic.
- The printed design is clear to ensure no color is faded.
- All the molds will be put into 80x80mm plastic sheet for cutting.
- A hole and twinkle thread attached to strap.
- Ornament is used to display as home decoration or meaningful gifts for friends and relatives in special occasions such as Christmas, Valentine, birthday, etc.
- Suitable for expressing your personality.
To prevent scratches during transportation, a plastic film is attached to the surface of the product, please remove the film when using the product.
- We work directly with manufacturers all over the world to ensure the best quality of our products. We have a Quality Control department which helps us to keep our promise!
- Price is always competitive.
- Awesome Customer Service
- Amazing products along with High Quality
PayPal is welcomed here.
If you don't have a PayPal account, we accept all credit cards: just select 'PayPal' and click the 'Pay with Debit or Credit Card' button.
If you don't have a PayPal account, we accept all credit cards: just select 'PayPal' and click the 'Pay with Debit or Credit Card' button.
We're thrilled to support First Book - an amazing charity that donates books to disadvantaged children who need them the most.