text:
What is a Robots.txt file?
The Robot Exclusion Standard (Robots Exclusion Protocol or robots.txt protocol) is a convention to prevent search engines and web robots from accessing all or part of a website which is otherwise publicly viewable. It can be used in conjunction with Sitemaps, a robot inclusion standard for websites.
A Robots.txt file is an easy way for webmasters to inform search engines and web robots about pages on their sites that need to be excluded from indexing/crawling. The Robots.txt file must be placed in the root of the website heirarchy, for example yourdomainname.com/robots.txt. This text file should contain the instructions in a specific format mentioned below. Search engines and web robots that choose to follow the instructions try to fetch this file and read the instructions before fetching any other file from the web site. If this file doesn't exist, they assume that the web owner wishes to provide no specific instructions.
User-agent: * Disallow: /admin/ |
The above instructions tell the search engines and web robots to exclude https://Your-SuperSite2-Domain-Name.com/admin from indexing/crawling.
You can also provide instructions regarding the Sitemap of your SuperSite 2:
User-agent: * Sitemap: https://Your-SuperSite2-Domain-Name.com/sitemap.xml |
To Save/Edit your Robots.txt file for your SuperSite 2
Login to your SuperSite 2 Admin Area. See details
Under the My Languages section, click the Manage Site button individually besides the language for which you want to save/edit the Robots.txt file.
NoteYou may set a Robots.txt file for each Live Site configured in your SuperSite 2.
Additional Information -
Click the Edit Content button.
Click the Edit link besides the Robots.txt file.
Place the instructions in the Your Content textbox.
Click the Save Changes button.


text:
Setup and Config
Getting and Creating Projects
Basic Snapshotting
Branching and Merging
Sharing and Updating Projects
Inspection and Comparison
External Systems
Server Admin
- gitattributes
- Command-line interface conventions
- Everyday Git
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- Glossary
- Hooks
- gitignore
- gitmodules
- Revisions
- Submodules
- Tutorial
- Workflows
- All guides...
Plumbing Commands
- 2.45.1 → 2.45.2 no changes
- 2.45.0 04/29/24
- 2.44.1 → 2.44.2 no changes
- 2.44.0 02/23/24
- 2.43.2 → 2.43.5 no changes
- 2.43.1 02/09/24
- 2.43.0 11/20/23
- 2.42.1 → 2.42.3 no changes
- 2.42.0 08/21/23
- 2.41.1 → 2.41.2 no changes
- 2.41.0 06/01/23
- 2.40.1 → 2.40.3 no changes
- 2.40.0 03/12/23
- 2.36.1 → 2.39.5 no changes
- 2.36.0 04/18/22
- 2.35.1 → 2.35.8 no changes
- 2.35.0 01/24/22
- 2.34.1 → 2.34.8 no changes
- 2.34.0 11/15/21
- 2.33.2 → 2.33.8 no changes
- 2.33.1 10/12/21
- 2.33.0 08/16/21
- 2.32.1 → 2.32.7 no changes
- 2.32.0 06/06/21
- 2.31.1 → 2.31.8 no changes
- 2.31.0 03/15/21
Incorporates changes from a remote repository into the current branch.
If the current branch is behind the remote, then by default it will
fast-forward the current branch to match the remote. If the current
branch and the remote have diverged, the user needs to specify how to
reconcile the divergent branches with --rebase
or --no-rebase
the corresponding configuration option in pull.rebase
More precisely, git pull
runs git fetch
with the given parameters
and then depending on configuration options or command line flags,
will call either git rebase
or git merge
to reconcile diverging
<repository> should be the name of a remote repository as passed to git-fetch[1]. <refspec> can name an arbitrary remote ref (for example, the name of a tag) or even a collection of refs with corresponding remote-tracking branches (e.g., refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*), but usually it is the name of a branch in the remote repository.
Default values for <repository> and <branch> are read from the
"remote" and "merge" configuration for the current branch
as set by git-branch[1] --track
Assume the following history exists and the current branch is
A---B---C master on origin / D---E---F---G master ^ origin/master in your repository
Then "git pull
" will fetch and replay the changes from the remote
branch since it diverged from the local master
(i.e., E
until its current commit (C
) on top of master
and record the
result in a new commit along with the names of the two parent commits
and a log message from the user describing the changes.
A---B---C origin/master / \ D---E---F---G---H master
See git-merge[1] for details, including how conflicts are presented and handled.
In Git 1.7.0 or later, to cancel a conflicting merge, use
git reset --merge
. Warning: In older versions of Git, running git pull
with uncommitted changes is discouraged: while possible, it leaves you
in a state that may be hard to back out of in the case of a conflict.
If any of the remote changes overlap with local uncommitted changes, the merge will be automatically canceled and the work tree untouched. It is generally best to get any local changes in working order before pulling or stash them away with git-stash[1].
- -q
- --quiet
This is passed to both underlying git-fetch to squelch reporting of during transfer, and underlying git-merge to squelch output during merging.
- -v
- --verbose
Pass --verbose to git-fetch and git-merge.
- --[no-]recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]
This option controls if new commits of populated submodules should be fetched, and if the working trees of active submodules should be updated, too (see git-fetch[1], git-config[1] and gitmodules[5]).
If the checkout is done via rebase, local submodule commits are rebased as well.
If the update is done via merge, the submodule conflicts are resolved and checked out.
Options related to merging
- --commit
- --no-commit
Perform the merge and commit the result. This option can be used to override --no-commit. Only useful when merging.
With --no-commit perform the merge and stop just before creating a merge commit, to give the user a chance to inspect and further tweak the merge result before committing.
Note that fast-forward updates do not create a merge commit and therefore there is no way to stop those merges with --no-commit. Thus, if you want to ensure your branch is not changed or updated by the merge command, use --no-ff with --no-commit.
- --edit
- -e
- --no-edit
Invoke an editor before committing successful mechanical merge to further edit the auto-generated merge message, so that the user can explain and justify the merge. The
option can be used to accept the auto-generated message (this is generally discouraged).Older scripts may depend on the historical behaviour of not allowing the user to edit the merge log message. They will see an editor opened when they run
git merge
. To make it easier to adjust such scripts to the updated behaviour, the environment variableGIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT
can be set tono
at the beginning of them. - --cleanup=<mode>
This option determines how the merge message will be cleaned up before committing. See git-commit[1] for more details. In addition, if the <mode> is given a value of
, scissors will be appended toMERGE_MSG
before being passed on to the commit machinery in the case of a merge conflict. - --ff-only
Only update to the new history if there is no divergent local history. This is the default when no method for reconciling divergent histories is provided (via the --rebase=* flags).
- --ff
- --no-ff
When merging rather than rebasing, specifies how a merge is handled when the merged-in history is already a descendant of the current history. If merging is requested,
is the default unless merging an annotated (and possibly signed) tag that is not stored in its natural place in therefs/tags/
hierarchy, in which case--no-ff
is assumed.With
, when possible resolve the merge as a fast-forward (only update the branch pointer to match the merged branch; do not create a merge commit). When not possible (when the merged-in history is not a descendant of the current history), create a merge commit.With
, create a merge commit in all cases, even when the merge could instead be resolved as a fast-forward. - -S[<keyid>]
- --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]
- --no-gpg-sign
GPG-sign the resulting merge commit. The
argument is optional and defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be stuck to the option without a space.--no-gpg-sign
is useful to countermand bothcommit.gpgSign
configuration variable, and earlier--gpg-sign
. - --log[=<n>]
- --no-log
In addition to branch names, populate the log message with one-line descriptions from at most <n> actual commits that are being merged. See also git-fmt-merge-msg[1]. Only useful when merging.
With --no-log do not list one-line descriptions from the actual commits being merged.
- --signoff
- --no-signoff
Add a
trailer by the committer at the end of the commit log message. The meaning of a signoff depends on the project to which you're committing. For example, it may certify that the committer has the rights to submit the work under the project's license or agrees to some contributor representation, such as a Developer Certificate of Origin. (See http://developercertificate.org for the one used by the Linux kernel and Git projects.) Consult the documentation or leadership of the project to which you're contributing to understand how the signoffs are used in that project.The --no-signoff option can be used to countermand an earlier --signoff option on the command line.
- --stat
- -n
- --no-stat
Show a diffstat at the end of the merge. The diffstat is also controlled by the configuration option merge.stat.
With -n or --no-stat do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge.
- --squash
- --no-squash
Produce the working tree and index state as if a real merge happened (except for the merge information), but do not actually make a commit, move the
, or record$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD
(to cause the nextgit commit
command to create a merge commit). This allows you to create a single commit on top of the current branch whose effect is the same as merging another branch (or more in case of an octopus).With --no-squash perform the merge and commit the result. This option can be used to override --squash.
With --squash, --commit is not allowed, and will fail.
Only useful when merging.
- --[no-]verify
By default, the pre-merge and commit-msg hooks are run. When
is given, these are bypassed. See also githooks[5]. Only useful when merging. - -s <strategy>
- --strategy=<strategy>
Use the given merge strategy; can be supplied more than once to specify them in the order they should be tried. If there is no
option, a built-in list of strategies is used instead (ort
when merging a single head,octopus
otherwise). - -X <option>
- --strategy-option=<option>
Pass merge strategy specific option through to the merge strategy.
- --verify-signatures
- --no-verify-signatures
Verify that the tip commit of the side branch being merged is signed with a valid key, i.e. a key that has a valid uid: in the default trust model, this means the signing key has been signed by a trusted key. If the tip commit of the side branch is not signed with a valid key, the merge is aborted.
Only useful when merging.
- --summary
- --no-summary
Synonyms to --stat and --no-stat; these are deprecated and will be removed in the future.
- --autostash
- --no-autostash
Automatically create a temporary stash entry before the operation begins, record it in the special ref
and apply it after the operation ends. This means that you can run the operation on a dirty worktree. However, use with care: the final stash application after a successful merge might result in non-trivial conflicts. -
By default,
git merge
command refuses to merge histories that do not share a common ancestor. This option can be used to override this safety when merging histories of two projects that started their lives independently. As that is a very rare occasion, no configuration variable to enable this by default exists and will not be added.Only useful when merging.
- -r
- --rebase[=false|true|merges|interactive]
When true, rebase the current branch on top of the upstream branch after fetching. If there is a remote-tracking branch corresponding to the upstream branch and the upstream branch was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information to avoid rebasing non-local changes.
When set to
, rebase usinggit rebase --rebase-merges
so that the local merge commits are included in the rebase (see git-rebase[1] for details).When false, merge the upstream branch into the current branch.
, enable the interactive mode of rebase.See
in git-config[1] if you want to makegit pull
always use--rebase
instead of merging.NoteThis is a potentially dangerous mode of operation. It rewrites history, which does not bode well when you published that history already. Do not use this option unless you have read git-rebase[1] carefully. - --no-rebase
This is shorthand for --rebase=false.
Options related to fetching
- --all
Fetch all remotes.
- -a
- --append
Append ref names and object names of fetched refs to the existing contents of
. Without this option old data in.git/FETCH_HEAD
will be overwritten. - --atomic
Use an atomic transaction to update local refs. Either all refs are updated, or on error, no refs are updated.
- --depth=<depth>
Limit fetching to the specified number of commits from the tip of each remote branch history. If fetching to a shallow repository created by
git clone
option (see git-clone[1]), deepen or shorten the history to the specified number of commits. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched. - --deepen=<depth>
Similar to --depth, except it specifies the number of commits from the current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of each remote branch history.
- --shallow-since=<date>
Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to include all reachable commits after <date>.
- --shallow-exclude=<revision>
Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. This option can be specified multiple times.
- --unshallow
If the source repository is complete, convert a shallow repository to a complete one, removing all the limitations imposed by shallow repositories.
If the source repository is shallow, fetch as much as possible so that the current repository has the same history as the source repository.
- --update-shallow
By default when fetching from a shallow repository,
git fetch
refuses refs that require updating .git/shallow. This option updates .git/shallow and accept such refs. - --negotiation-tip=<commit|glob>
By default, Git will report, to the server, commits reachable from all local refs to find common commits in an attempt to reduce the size of the to-be-received packfile. If specified, Git will only report commits reachable from the given tips. This is useful to speed up fetches when the user knows which local ref is likely to have commits in common with the upstream ref being fetched.
This option may be specified more than once; if so, Git will report commits reachable from any of the given commits.
The argument to this option may be a glob on ref names, a ref, or the (possibly abbreviated) SHA-1 of a commit. Specifying a glob is equivalent to specifying this option multiple times, one for each matching ref name.
See also the
configuration variables documented in git-config[1], and the--negotiate-only
option below. - --negotiate-only
Do not fetch anything from the server, and instead print the ancestors of the provided
arguments, which we have in common with the server.This is incompatible with
. Internally this is used to implement thepush.negotiate
option, see git-config[1]. - --dry-run
Show what would be done, without making any changes.
- -f
- --force
When git fetch is used with
refspec it may refuse to update the local branch as discussed in the<refspec>
part of the git-fetch[1] documentation. This option overrides that check. - -k
- --keep
Keep downloaded pack.
- --prefetch
Modify the configured refspec to place all refs into the
namespace. See theprefetch
task in git-maintenance[1]. - -p
- --prune
Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no longer exist on the remote. Tags are not subject to pruning if they are fetched only because of the default tag auto-following or due to a --tags option. However, if tags are fetched due to an explicit refspec (either on the command line or in the remote configuration, for example if the remote was cloned with the --mirror option), then they are also subject to pruning. Supplying
is a shorthand for providing the tag refspec. - --no-tags
By default, tags that point at objects that are downloaded from the remote repository are fetched and stored locally. This option disables this automatic tag following. The default behavior for a remote may be specified with the remote.<name>.tagOpt setting. See git-config[1].
- --refmap=<refspec>
When fetching refs listed on the command line, use the specified refspec (can be given more than once) to map the refs to remote-tracking branches, instead of the values of
configuration variables for the remote repository. Providing an empty<refspec>
to the--refmap
option causes Git to ignore the configured refspecs and rely entirely on the refspecs supplied as command-line arguments. See section on "Configured Remote-tracking Branches" for details. - -t
- --tags
Fetch all tags from the remote (i.e., fetch remote tags
into local tags with the same name), in addition to whatever else would otherwise be fetched. Using this option alone does not subject tags to pruning, even if --prune is used (though tags may be pruned anyway if they are also the destination of an explicit refspec; see--prune
). - -j
- --jobs=<n>
Number of parallel children to be used for all forms of fetching.
If the
option was specified, the different remotes will be fetched in parallel. If multiple submodules are fetched, they will be fetched in parallel. To control them independently, use the config settingsfetch.parallel
(see git-config[1]).Typically, parallel recursive and multi-remote fetches will be faster. By default fetches are performed sequentially, not in parallel.
- --set-upstream
If the remote is fetched successfully, add upstream (tracking) reference, used by argument-less git-pull[1] and other commands. For more information, see
in git-config[1]. - --upload-pack <upload-pack>
When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled by git fetch-pack,
is passed to the command to specify non-default path for the command run on the other end. - --progress
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
- -o <option>
- --server-option=<option>
Transmit the given string to the server when communicating using protocol version 2. The given string must not contain a NUL or LF character. The server's handling of server options, including unknown ones, is server-specific. When multiple
are given, they are all sent to the other side in the order listed on the command line. - --show-forced-updates
By default, git checks if a branch is force-updated during fetch. This can be disabled through fetch.showForcedUpdates, but the --show-forced-updates option guarantees this check occurs. See git-config[1].
- --no-show-forced-updates
By default, git checks if a branch is force-updated during fetch. Pass --no-show-forced-updates or set fetch.showForcedUpdates to false to skip this check for performance reasons. If used during git-pull the --ff-only option will still check for forced updates before attempting a fast-forward update. See git-config[1].
- -4
- --ipv4
Use IPv4 addresses only, ignoring IPv6 addresses.
- -6
- --ipv6
Use IPv6 addresses only, ignoring IPv4 addresses.
- <repository>
The "remote" repository that is the source of a fetch or pull operation. This parameter can be either a URL (see the section GIT URLS below) or the name of a remote (see the section REMOTES below).
- <refspec>
Specifies which refs to fetch and which local refs to update. When no <refspec>s appear on the command line, the refs to fetch are read from
variables instead (see the section "CONFIGURED REMOTE-TRACKING BRANCHES" in git-fetch[1]).The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
, followed by the source <src>, followed by a colon:
, followed by the destination ref <dst>. The colon can be omitted when <dst> is empty. <src> is typically a ref, but it can also be a fully spelled hex object name.A <refspec> may contain a
in its <src> to indicate a simple pattern match. Such a refspec functions like a glob that matches any ref with the same prefix. A pattern <refspec> must have a*
in both the <src> and <dst>. It will map refs to the destination by replacing the*
with the contents matched from the source.If a refspec is prefixed by
, it will be interpreted as a negative refspec. Rather than specifying which refs to fetch or which local refs to update, such a refspec will instead specify refs to exclude. A ref will be considered to match if it matches at least one positive refspec, and does not match any negative refspec. Negative refspecs can be useful to restrict the scope of a pattern refspec so that it will not include specific refs. Negative refspecs can themselves be pattern refspecs. However, they may only contain a <src> and do not specify a <dst>. Fully spelled out hex object names are also not supported.tag <tag>
means the same asrefs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>
; it requests fetching everything up to the given tag.The remote ref that matches <src> is fetched, and if <dst> is not an empty string, an attempt is made to update the local ref that matches it.
Whether that update is allowed without
depends on the ref namespace it's being fetched to, the type of object being fetched, and whether the update is considered to be a fast-forward. Generally, the same rules apply for fetching as when pushing, see the<refspec>...
section of git-push[1] for what those are. Exceptions to those rules particular to git fetch are noted below.Until Git version 2.20, and unlike when pushing with git-push[1], any updates to
would be accepted without+
in the refspec (or--force
). When fetching, we promiscuously considered all tag updates from a remote to be forced fetches. Since Git version 2.20, fetching to updaterefs/tags/*
works the same way as when pushing. I.e. any updates will be rejected without+
in the refspec (or--force
).Unlike when pushing with git-push[1], any updates outside of
will be accepted without+
in the refspec (or--force
), whether that's swapping e.g. a tree object for a blob, or a commit for another commit that's doesn't have the previous commit as an ancestor etc.Unlike when pushing with git-push[1], there is no configuration which'll amend these rules, and nothing like a
hook analogous to thepre-receive
hook.As with pushing with git-push[1], all of the rules described above about what's not allowed as an update can be overridden by adding an the optional leading
to a refspec (or using--force
command line option). The only exception to this is that no amount of forcing will make therefs/heads/*
namespace accept a non-commit object.NoteWhen the remote branch you want to fetch is known to be rewound and rebased regularly, it is expected that its new tip will not be descendant of its previous tip (as stored in your remote-tracking branch the last time you fetched). You would want to use the +
sign to indicate non-fast-forward updates will be needed for such branches. There is no way to determine or declare that a branch will be made available in a repository with this behavior; the pulling user simply must know this is the expected usage pattern for a branch.NoteThere is a difference between listing multiple <refspec> directly on git pull command line and having multiple remote.<repository>.fetch
entries in your configuration for a <repository> and running a git pull command without any explicit <refspec> parameters. <refspec>s listed explicitly on the command line are always merged into the current branch after fetching. In other words, if you list more than one remote ref, git pull will create an Octopus merge. On the other hand, if you do not list any explicit <refspec> parameter on the command line, git pull will fetch all the <refspec>s it finds in theremote.<repository>.fetch
configuration and merge only the first <refspec> found into the current branch. This is because making an Octopus from remote refs is rarely done, while keeping track of multiple remote heads in one-go by fetching more than one is often useful.
In general, URLs contain information about the transport protocol, the address of the remote server, and the path to the repository. Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be absent.
Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp, and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and deprecated; do not use it).
The native transport (i.e. git:// URL) does no authentication and should be used with caution on unsecured networks.
The following syntaxes may be used with them:
An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:
This syntax is only recognized if there are no slashes before the
first colon. This helps differentiate a local path that contains a
colon. For example the local path foo:bar
could be specified as an
absolute path or ./foo:bar
to avoid being misinterpreted as an ssh
The ssh and git protocols additionally support ~username expansion:
For local repositories, also supported by Git natively, the following syntaxes may be used:
These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except when cloning, when the former implies --local option. See git-clone[1] for details.
git clone, git fetch and git pull, but not git push, will also accept a suitable bundle file. See git-bundle[1].
When Git doesn't know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it attempts to use the remote-<transport> remote helper, if one exists. To explicitly request a remote helper, the following syntax may be used:
where <address> may be a path, a server and path, or an arbitrary URL-like string recognized by the specific remote helper being invoked. See gitremote-helpers[7] for details.
If there are a large number of similarly-named remote repositories and you want to use a different format for them (such that the URLs you use will be rewritten into URLs that work), you can create a configuration section of the form:
[url "<actual url base>"] insteadOf = <other url base>
For example, with this:
[url "git://git.host.xz/"] insteadOf = host.xz:/path/to/ insteadOf = work:
a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".
If you want to rewrite URLs for push only, you can create a configuration section of the form:
[url "<actual url base>"] pushInsteadOf = <other url base>
For example, with this:
[url "ssh://example.org/"] pushInsteadOf = git://example.org/
a URL like "git://example.org/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten to "ssh://example.org/path/to/repo.git" for pushes, but pulls will still use the original URL.
The name of one of the following can be used instead
of a URL as <repository>
a remote in the Git configuration file:
, -
a file in the
directory, or -
a file in the
All of these also allow you to omit the refspec from the command line because they each contain a refspec which git will use by default.
Named remote in configuration file
You can choose to provide the name of a remote which you had previously
configured using git-remote[1], git-config[1]
or even by a manual edit to the $GIT_DIR/config
file. The URL of
this remote will be used to access the repository. The refspec
of this remote will be used by default when you do
not provide a refspec on the command line. The entry in the
config file would appear like this:
[remote "<name>"] url = <URL> pushurl = <pushurl> push = <refspec> fetch = <refspec>
The <pushurl>
is used for pushes only. It is optional and defaults
to <URL>
Named file in $GIT_DIR/remotes
You can choose to provide the name of a
file in $GIT_DIR/remotes
. The URL
in this file will be used to access the repository. The refspec
in this file will be used as default when you do not
provide a refspec on the command line. This file should have the
following format:
URL: one of the above URL format Push: <refspec> Pull: <refspec>
lines are used by git push and
lines are used by git pull and git fetch.
Multiple Push:
and Pull:
lines may
be specified for additional branch mappings.
Named file in $GIT_DIR/branches
You can choose to provide the name of a
file in $GIT_DIR/branches
The URL in this file will be used to access the repository.
This file should have the following format:
is required; #<head>
is optional.
Depending on the operation, git will use one of the following
refspecs, if you don't provide one on the command line.
is the name of this file in $GIT_DIR/branches
defaults to master
git fetch uses:
git push uses:
The merge mechanism (git merge
and git pull
commands) allows the
backend merge strategies to be chosen with -s
option. Some strategies
can also take their own options, which can be passed by giving -X<option>
arguments to git merge
and/or git pull
- ort
This is the default merge strategy when pulling or merging one branch. This strategy can only resolve two heads using a 3-way merge algorithm. When there is more than one common ancestor that can be used for 3-way merge, it creates a merged tree of the common ancestors and uses that as the reference tree for the 3-way merge. This has been reported to result in fewer merge conflicts without causing mismerges by tests done on actual merge commits taken from Linux 2.6 kernel development history. Additionally this strategy can detect and handle merges involving renames. It does not make use of detected copies. The name for this algorithm is an acronym ("Ostensibly Recursive's Twin") and came from the fact that it was written as a replacement for the previous default algorithm,
.The ort strategy can take the following options:
- ours
This option forces conflicting hunks to be auto-resolved cleanly by favoring our version. Changes from the other tree that do not conflict with our side are reflected in the merge result. For a binary file, the entire contents are taken from our side.
This should not be confused with the ours merge strategy, which does not even look at what the other tree contains at all. It discards everything the other tree did, declaring our history contains all that happened in it.
- theirs
This is the opposite of ours; note that, unlike ours, there is no theirs merge strategy to confuse this merge option with.
- ignore-space-change
- ignore-all-space
- ignore-space-at-eol
- ignore-cr-at-eol
Treats lines with the indicated type of whitespace change as unchanged for the sake of a three-way merge. Whitespace changes mixed with other changes to a line are not ignored. See also git-diff[1]
, and--ignore-cr-at-eol
If their version only introduces whitespace changes to a line, our version is used;
If our version introduces whitespace changes but their version includes a substantial change, their version is used;
Otherwise, the merge proceeds in the usual way.
- renormalize
This runs a virtual check-out and check-in of all three stages of a file when resolving a three-way merge. This option is meant to be used when merging branches with different clean filters or end-of-line normalization rules. See "Merging branches with differing checkin/checkout attributes" in gitattributes[5] for details.
- no-renormalize
Disables the
option. This overrides themerge.renormalize
configuration variable. - find-renames[=<n>]
Turn on rename detection, optionally setting the similarity threshold. This is the default. This overrides the merge.renames configuration variable. See also git-diff[1]
. - rename-threshold=<n>
Deprecated synonym for
. - subtree[=<path>]
This option is a more advanced form of subtree strategy, where the strategy makes a guess on how two trees must be shifted to match with each other when merging. Instead, the specified path is prefixed (or stripped from the beginning) to make the shape of two trees to match.
- recursive
This can only resolve two heads using a 3-way merge algorithm. When there is more than one common ancestor that can be used for 3-way merge, it creates a merged tree of the common ancestors and uses that as the reference tree for the 3-way merge. This has been reported to result in fewer merge conflicts without causing mismerges by tests done on actual merge commits taken from Linux 2.6 kernel development history. Additionally this can detect and handle merges involving renames. It does not make use of detected copies. This was the default strategy for resolving two heads from Git v0.99.9k until v2.33.0.
The recursive strategy takes the same options as ort. However, there are three additional options that ort ignores (not documented above) that are potentially useful with the recursive strategy:
- patience
Deprecated synonym for
. - diff-algorithm=[patience|minimal|histogram|myers]
Use a different diff algorithm while merging, which can help avoid mismerges that occur due to unimportant matching lines (such as braces from distinct functions). See also git-diff[1]
. Note thatort
specifically usesdiff-algorithm=histogram
, whilerecursive
defaults to thediff.algorithm
config setting. - no-renames
Turn off rename detection. This overrides the
configuration variable. See also git-diff[1]--no-renames
- resolve
This can only resolve two heads (i.e. the current branch and another branch you pulled from) using a 3-way merge algorithm. It tries to carefully detect criss-cross merge ambiguities. It does not handle renames.
- octopus
This resolves cases with more than two heads, but refuses to do a complex merge that needs manual resolution. It is primarily meant to be used for bundling topic branch heads together. This is the default merge strategy when pulling or merging more than one branch.
- ours
This resolves any number of heads, but the resulting tree of the merge is always that of the current branch head, effectively ignoring all changes from all other branches. It is meant to be used to supersede old development history of side branches. Note that this is different from the -Xours option to the recursive merge strategy.
- subtree
This is a modified
strategy. When merging trees A and B, if B corresponds to a subtree of A, B is first adjusted to match the tree structure of A, instead of reading the trees at the same level. This adjustment is also done to the common ancestor tree.
With the strategies that use 3-way merge (including the default, ort), if a change is made on both branches, but later reverted on one of the branches, that change will be present in the merged result; some people find this behavior confusing. It occurs because only the heads and the merge base are considered when performing a merge, not the individual commits. The merge algorithm therefore considers the reverted change as no change at all, and substitutes the changed version instead.
Often people use git pull
without giving any parameter.
Traditionally, this has been equivalent to saying git pull
. However, when configuration branch.<name>.remote
present while on branch <name>
, that value is used instead of
In order to determine what URL to use to fetch from, the value
of the configuration remote.<origin>.url
is consulted
and if there is not any such variable, the value on the URL:
in $GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>
is used.
In order to determine what remote branches to fetch (and
optionally store in the remote-tracking branches) when the command is
run without any refspec parameters on the command line, values
of the configuration variable remote.<origin>.fetch
consulted, and if there aren't any, $GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>
is consulted and its Pull:
lines are used.
In addition to the refspec formats described in the OPTIONS
section, you can have a globbing refspec that looks like this:
A globbing refspec must have a non-empty RHS (i.e. must store
what were fetched in remote-tracking branches), and its LHS and RHS
must end with /*
. The above specifies that all remote
branches are tracked using remote-tracking branches in
hierarchy under the same name.
The rule to determine which remote branch to merge after fetching is a bit involved, in order not to break backward compatibility.
If explicit refspecs were given on the command
line of git pull
, they are all merged.
When no refspec was given on the command line, then git pull
uses the refspec from the configuration or
. In such cases, the following
rules apply:
configuration for the current branch<name>
exists, that is the name of the branch at the remote site that is merged. -
If the refspec is a globbing one, nothing is merged.
Otherwise the remote branch of the first refspec is merged.
Update the remote-tracking branches for the repository you cloned from, then merge one of them into your current branch:
$ git pull $ git pull origin
Normally the branch merged in is the HEAD of the remote repository, but the choice is determined by the branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options; see git-config[1] for details.
Merge into the current branch the remote branch
:$ git pull origin next
This leaves a copy of
temporarily in FETCH_HEAD, and updates the remote-tracking branchorigin/next
. The same can be done by invoking fetch and merge:$ git fetch origin $ git merge origin/next
If you tried a pull which resulted in complex conflicts and would want to start over, you can recover with git reset.
The fetch and push protocols are not designed to prevent one side from stealing data from the other repository that was not intended to be shared. If you have private data that you need to protect from a malicious peer, your best option is to store it in another repository. This applies to both clients and servers. In particular, namespaces on a server are not effective for read access control; you should only grant read access to a namespace to clients that you would trust with read access to the entire repository.
The known attack vectors are as follows:
The victim sends "have" lines advertising the IDs of objects it has that are not explicitly intended to be shared but can be used to optimize the transfer if the peer also has them. The attacker chooses an object ID X to steal and sends a ref to X, but isn't required to send the content of X because the victim already has it. Now the victim believes that the attacker has X, and it sends the content of X back to the attacker later. (This attack is most straightforward for a client to perform on a server, by creating a ref to X in the namespace the client has access to and then fetching it. The most likely way for a server to perform it on a client is to "merge" X into a public branch and hope that the user does additional work on this branch and pushes it back to the server without noticing the merge.)
As in #1, the attacker chooses an object ID X to steal. The victim sends an object Y that the attacker already has, and the attacker falsely claims to have X and not Y, so the victim sends Y as a delta against X. The delta reveals regions of X that are similar to Y to the attacker.
Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself cannot be fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git version.
Part of the git[1] suite

subset: commoncrawl


text:
We have an in-house manufacturing unit equipped with the latest technology and advanced machinery to manufacture world-class products. We bring you the quality that speaks for itself and gives clients value for money.
We are the ones who are dedicated to delivering safe and reliable products. We never compromise with the quality standard and double-check the grade before giving it to the end users.
We have a comprehensive distribution network to deliver your order on time and safely to your doorstep.
Silverline Chemicals is one of the reliable Lavender Oil Manufacturers In Miramar that offers you top-tier products that are 100% safe and reliable. We offer you a wide range of Mint Products, Menthol Crystals, Natural Oil, Aloe Vera Oil, BP Lemon Oil, Clove Oil, COA Lavender Oil, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Sodium Nitrate, Guar Gum, and other Herbal Extracts. We never mind walking extra miles to handpick the top quality products. We are known worldwide for offering premium quality and purity in our product range. Our dedication and hard work make us the talk of the town.
We have an in-house manufacturing unit equipped with advanced technology and cut-edge tools to formulate the world-class Lemon Oil. We have skilled professionals and sophisticated machinery to give the world the most reliable Rosemary Oil In Miramar. Our experts keep an eye on every minute detail so that you get nothing other than the best. We double-check the quality standard of our products before delivering them to the end user. We ensure the best quality because our products are processed under expert supervision to keep quality and prolonged shelf life intact. We hold transparency throughout the process to keep clients satisfied. We also maintain hygiene throughout the process to avoid any risk. We strictly follow the industry norms and deliver our Oregano Oil In Miramar at an affordable price.
Being counted among Lemongrass Oil Exporters And Suppliers In Miramar, we are committed to bearing your bulk order. So if you are looking for bulk? Take the conversation ahead with our experts. They will give you complete information. Our rich manufacturing expertise helps us to gain a massive client base across the globe. So without further delay, dial our number for a quick discussion or drop your query on the website. We will soon get back to you. Call us now.
Company ProfileWe are one of the best places to buy Mint Products, as our products are known for various features that are listed below:
We are dedicated to providing you with 100% safe and pure products.
We deliver top-grade products across the world.
We have 28 years of experience and expertise that helps us to bring nothing other than the best.
We provide you the products that are filled with nature's goodness and pure products.
We are a well-certified company that speaks for our quality standard. Our products are the best in town.
The quality standard of our product is unmatched and unique. We find the most organic source for procuring and deriving the best products.
We don't want to praise ourselves, so here are the reviews, what our happy clients say, and their experience with us.
They are the best Menthol Crystal Manufacturer as their products are highly satisfying with no added artificial products. They deliver 100% safe products. Thanks to them.
We will surely recommend the name Silverline Chemicals to all as they deliver unparalleled quality products in bulk. We are satisfied with the quality and range of their products.
The best thing we like about them is their polite and friendly staff. They listen to all and manufacture the products as per the specification. They offer exceptional support, which was beyond our expectations. Happy and satisfied with the quality and service. Surely we will buy them the next time too.
Silverline Chemicals, founded in the year 1994, is an ISO 9001:2000 certified company engaged as the manufacturers, suppliers, and exporters of an extensive range of essential oils. The modern manufacturing technology helps in the quality and quantity production. The essential oils are extracted from premium quality raw materials sourced from reliable and leading market players. Further, making efforts to expand our business, we meet the yearly production capacity of about 2400 MT.
We are listed atop amidst the leading Lavender Oil Manufacturers in India. The reasons behind our success as prominent manufacturer are as listed below -
For the manufacturing of Lavender Oil, the dried lavender flowers are sourced from reliable vendors. The raw material is then taken for commercial extraction process using the steam distillation technique. All the modern machines are available in our manufacturing unit. Quality control unit is also available for the assessment of the quality and purity of the essential oils.
Although the Lemongrass oil has been into use for various therapeutic applications, the demand and popularity of the Lemongrass essential oil has tremendously increased. To meet the growing demands of the markets, we have a well-set manufacturing unit, installed with all modern machines and facilities required for the quality processing of essential oils. We also have strong business connection with leading lemongrass vendors. Along with quantitative production, we also emphasize on quality, thus, various quality checks are performed to make the lemongrass oil a perfect match to the quality of international standards.
No, Lemon oil and lemon juice are two different things. We deal in lemon oil, also popular as lime oil. It is basically and extract with high limonene content, making it a powerful antioxidant and excellent cleansing agent. Talking about the smell, it is long lasting and much sweeter. You can make use of the contact details available on the website to place your order.
Silverline Chemicals


text:
Some selected reviews about our Facebook page from users:
Full time jobs and part time jobs are added through www.khmeronlinejob.com daily.
You can search for jobs by fields (such as marketing, accounting, computer programming, computer design and many other fields) or by cities or provinces (such as Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, Sihanoukville, Battambang, and all other cities/provinces in Cambodia).
@Job seekers : Job opportunity comes and goes, if you don't want to slip it, stay tuned to get Job update


text:
What We Believe
Heavily inspired by The Gospel Coalition Page: Link Here
The Tri-une God
We believe in one God, eternally existing in three equally divine Persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, who know, love, and glorify one another. (Math. 28:19, Acts 1:4, Rom. 8:8) This one true and living God is infinitely perfect both in his love and in his holiness. He is the Creator of all things, visible and invisible, and is therefore worthy to receive all glory and adoration. Immortal and eternal, he perfectly and exhaustively knows the end from the beginning, sustains and sovereignly rules over all things, and providentially brings about his eternal good purposes to redeem a people for himself and restore his fallen creation, to the praise of his glorious grace.
God has graciously disclosed his existence and power in the created order and has supremely revealed himself to fallen human beings in the person of his Son Jesus Christ and the incarnate Word. (John 6:63, John 1:1) Moreover, this God is a speaking God who by his Spirit has graciously disclosed himself in human words: we believe that God has inspired the words preserved in the Scriptures, the sixty-six books of the Old and New Testaments, which are both record and means of his saving work in the world. These writings alone constitute the verbally inspired Word of God, which is utterly authoritative and without error in the original writings, complete in its revelation of his will for salvation, sufficient for all that God requires us to believe and do, and final in its authority over every domain of knowledge to which it speaks. We confess that both our finitude and our sinfulness preclude the possibility of knowing God's truth exhaustively, but we affirm that enlightened by the Spirit of God, we can know God's revealed truth truly. The Bible is to be believed, as God's instruction, in all that it teaches; obeyed, as God's command, in all that it requires; and trusted, as God's pledge, in all that it promises. As God's people hear, believe, and do the Word, they are equipped as disciples of Christ and witnesses to the gospel.
Creation of Humanity
We believe that God created human beings, (Gen 1) male and female, in his own image (Gen 1:27). Adam and Eve belonged to the created order that God himself declared to be very good, serving as God's agents to care for, manage, and govern creation, living in holy and devoted fellowship with their Maker. Men and women, equally made in the image of God, enjoy equal access to God by faith in Christ Jesus and are both called to move beyond passive self-indulgence to significant private and public engagement in family, church, and civic life. Adam and Eve were made to complement each other in a one-flesh union that establishes the only normative pattern of sexual relations for men and women, such that marriage ultimately serves as a type of union between Christ and his church.(Eph. 5:22) In God's wise purposes, men and women are not simply interchangeable (Eph 4:17, Lev. 18:22, Rom. 1:26), but rather they complement each other in mutually enriching ways. God ordains that they assume distinctive roles which reflect the loving relationship between Christ and the church, the husband exercising headship in a way that displays the caring, sacrificial love of Christ, and the wife submitting to her husband in a way that models the love of the church for her Lord. In the ministry of the church, both men and women are encouraged to serve Christ and to be developed to their full potential in the manifold ministries of the people of God. The distinctive leadership role within the church given to qualified men is grounded in creation, fall, and redemption and must not be sidelined by appeals to cultural developments.
The Fall
We believe that Adam, made in the image of God, distorted that image and forfeited his original blessedness—for himself and all his progeny—by falling into sin through Satan's temptation. As a result, all human beings are alienated from God, corrupted in every aspect of their being (e.g., physically, mentally, volitionally, emotionally, spiritually) and condemned finally and irrevocably to death—apart from God's own gracious intervention. The supreme need of all human beings is to be reconciled to the God under whose just and holy wrath we stand; the only hope of all human beings is the undeserved love of this same God, who alone can rescue us and restore us to himself. (John 14:6 Roman 3:23, 1 John 1:18)
The Plan of God
We believe that from all eternity God determined in grace to save a great multitude of guilty sinners from every tribe and language and people and nation, and to this end foreknew them and chose them. (2 Tim. 1:9 Eph. 1:4) We believe that God justifies and sanctifies those who by grace have faith in Jesus and that he will one day glorify them (Romans 3:10)—all to the praise of his glorious grace. In love God commands and implores all people to repent and believe, having set his saving love on those he has chosen and having ordained Christ to be their Redeemer.
The Gospel
We believe that the gospel is the good news of Jesus Christ(Rom. 1:16, Rom 10:9, John 3:16, Eph 2:8)—God's very wisdom. Utter folly to the world, even though it is the power of God to those who are being saved, this good news is Christological, centering on the cross and resurrection: the gospel is not proclaimed if Christ is not proclaimed, and the authentic Christ has not been proclaimed if his death and resurrection are not central (the message is: "Christ died for our sins . . . [and] was raised"). This good news is biblical (his death and resurrection are according to the Scriptures), theological and salvific (Christ died for our sins, to reconcile us to God), historical (if the saving events did not happen, our faith is worthless, we are still in our sins, and we are to be pitied more than all others), apostolic (the message was entrusted to and transmitted by the apostles, who were witnesses of these saving events), and intensely personal (where it is received, believed, and held firmly, individual persons are saved).
We believe that, moved by love and in obedience to his Father, the eternal Son became human: the Word became flesh, fully God and fully human being, one Person in two natures. (Jonah 1:14, 1 Tim. 2:5, John 10:30, ) The man Jesus, the promised Messiah of Israel, was conceived through the miraculous agency of the Holy Spirit and was born of the virgin Mary. He perfectly obeyed his heavenly Father, lived a sinless life, (1 Peter 2:22, Mat. 5:48, 1 John 3:5) performed miraculous signs, was crucified under Pontius Pilate, arose bodily from the dead on the third day, and ascended into heaven. As the mediatorial King, he is seated at the right hand of God the Father, exercising in heaven and on earth all of God's sovereignty, and is our High Priest and righteous Advocate. We believe that by his incarnation, life, death, resurrection, and ascension, Jesus Christ acted as our representative and substitute. He did this so that in him we might become the righteousness of God: on the cross, he canceled sin, propitiated God, and, by bearing the full penalty of our sins, reconciled to God all those who believe. (John 19:30) By his resurrection Christ Jesus was vindicated by his Father, broke the power of death and defeated Satan who once had power over it, and brought everlasting life to all his people; by his ascension, he has been forever exalted as Lord and has prepared a place for us to be with him. We believe that salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name given under heaven by which we must be saved. Because God chose the lowly things of this world, the despised things, the things that are not, to nullify the things that are, no human being can ever boast before him—Christ Jesus has become for us wisdom from God—that is, our righteousness, holiness, and redemption.
The Justification of Sinners
We believe that Christ, by his obedience and death, fully discharged the debt of all those who are justified. By his sacrifice, he bore in our stead the punishment due us for our sins, making a proper, real, and full satisfaction to God's justice on our behalf. By his perfect obedience, he satisfied the just demands of God on our behalf since by faith alone that perfect obedience is credited to all who trust in Christ alone for their acceptance with God. Inasmuch as Christ was given by the Father for us, and his obedience and punishment were accepted in place of our own, freely and not for anything in us, this justification is solely of free grace, (Eph 2:8) in order that both the exact justice and the rich grace of God might be glorified in the justification of sinners. We believe that a zeal for personal and public obedience flows from this free justification. (Mat 5:16, Eph 2:10 John 6:28)
The Power of the Holy Spirit
We believe that this salvation, attested in all Scripture and secured by Jesus Christ, is applied to his people by the Holy Spirit. (Eph 1:13, 2 Corth 1:22, John 3:3, John 3:16) Sent by the Father and the Son, the Holy Spirit glorifies the Lord Jesus Christ, and, as the other Paraclete, is present with and in believers. He convicts the world of sin, righteousness, and judgment, and by his powerful and mysterious work regenerates spiritually dead sinners, awakening them to repentance and faith, and in Him they are baptized into union with the Lord Jesus, such that they are justified before God by grace alone through faith alone in Jesus Christ alone. By the Spirit's agency, believers are renewed, sanctified, and adopted into God's family; they participate in the divine nature and receive his sovereignly distributed gifts. The Holy Spirit is himself the down payment of the promised inheritance, and in this age indwells, guides, instructs, equips, revives, and empowers believers for Christ-like living and service.
The Kingdom of God
We believe that those who have been saved by the grace of God through union with Christ by faith and through regeneration by the Holy Spirit enter the kingdom of God and delight in the blessings of the new covenant: the forgiveness of sins, the inward transformation that awakens a desire to glorify, trust, and obey God, and the prospect of the glory yet to be revealed. (Joh 3:16, Rom 6:23, Rom 10:9) Good works constitute indispensable evidence of saving grace. (Eph 2:10 ) Living as salt in a world (Mat. 5:13) that is decaying and light in a world that is dark, believers should neither withdraw into seclusion from the world nor become indistinguishable from it: rather, we are to do good to the city, for all the glory and honor of the nations is to be offered up to the living God. Recognizing whose created order this is, and because we are citizens of God's kingdom, we are to love our neighbors as ourselves, doing good to all, especially to those who belong to the household of God. The kingdom of God, already present but not fully realized, is the exercise of God's sovereignty in the world toward the eventual redemption of all creation. The kingdom of God is an invasive power that plunders Satan's dark kingdom and regenerates and renovates through repentance and faith the lives of individuals rescued from that kingdom. It therefore inevitably establishes a new community of human life together under God.
God's New People
We believe that God's new covenant people have already come to the heavenly Jerusalem; they are already seated with Christ in the heavenly. This universal church is manifest in local churches of which Christ is the only Head; thus each "local church" is, in fact, the church, the household of God, the assembly of the living God, and the pillar and foundation of the truth.(Romans 12:5) The church is the body of Christ, the apple of his eye, graven on his hands, and he has pledged himself to her forever. The church is distinguished by her gospel message, her sacred ordinances, her discipline, her great mission, and, above all, by her love for God, and by her members' love for one another and for the world. Crucially, this gospel we cherish has both personal and corporate dimensions, neither of which may properly be overlooked. Christ Jesus is our peace: he has not only brought about peace with God but also peace between alienated peoples. His purpose was to create in himself one new humanity, thus making peace, and in one body to reconcile both Jew and Gentile to God through the cross, by which he put to death their hostility. (Romans 1:16) The church serves as a sign of God's future new world when its members live for the service of one another and their neighbors, rather than for self-focus. The church is the corporate dwelling place of God's Spirit and the continuing witness to God in the world.
Baptism and the Lord's Supper
We believe that baptism and the Lord's Supper are ordained by the Lord Jesus himself. (Luke 22:20) The former is connected with entrance into the new covenant community, the latter with ongoing covenant renewal. Together they are simultaneously God's pledge to us, divinely ordained means of grace, our public vows of submission to the once crucified and now resurrected Christ, and anticipations of his return and of the consummation of all things.
The Restoration of All Things
We believe in the personal, glorious, and bodily return of our Lord Jesus Christ with his holy angels when he will exercise his role as final Judge, and his kingdom will be consummated. We believe in the bodily resurrection of both the just and the unjust—the unjust to judgment and eternal conscious punishment in hell, as our Lord himself taught, and the just to eternal blessedness in the presence of him who sits on the throne and of the Lamb, in the new heaven and the new earth, the home of righteousness.(2 Peter 3:13) On that day the church will be presented faultless before God by the obedience, suffering, and triumph of Christ, all sin purged and its wretched effects forever banished. God will be all in all and his people will be enthralled by the immediacy of his ineffable holiness, and everything will be to the praise of his glorious grace.


text:
Valentine's Day Flowers in Markham
FullBloom Flowers knows the one you care about is expecting a big gift this February 14, and we're ready to help you deliver the best flower arrangements in Markham, ON. Choose from our wide selection of Valentine's Day flower arrangements and we'll deliver, same-day, a beautiful unique gift right on time, so you can show them just how special you'd like them to feel today.
Valentine's Day flowers from FullBloom Flowers are the perfect way to show your love on February 14. What would the most passionate, heartfelt day of the year be without long-stemmed and fragrant red roses or a posy of pretty pink blossoms? Sure, candy and paper hearts are nice. But there's nothing quite so beautiful and ethereal, so capable of expressing love, as a Valentine's Day bouquet! Send Valentine's Day bouquets now in Markham, ON, and make it the most romantic occasion yet.


text:
Brand: Crucial |
Warranty: Limited Lifetime |
Series: Crucial |
Form Factor: SODIMM |
Total Capacity: 8GB |
Specs: DDR4 PC4-25600 • CL=22 • Single Ranked • x16 based • Unbuffered • NON-ECC • DDR4-3200 • 1.2V • 512Meg x 64 • |
Speed: 3200 MT/S |
DIMM Type: Unbuffered |
Voltage: 1.2V |
Crucial 8GB Single DDR4 3200 MT/S (PC4-25600) CL22 SR X8 Unbuffered SODIMM 260-Pin Memory – CT8G4SFS832A
Crucial DDR4 SODIMMs
Product Highlights1
- Speeds start at 2133 MT/s
- Increase bandwidth by up to 30%
- Reduce power consumption by up to 40% and extend battery life
- Faster burst access speeds for improved sequential data throughput
- Optimized for next generation processors and platforms
- Available in modules up to 8GB and kits up to 32GB
- Limited lifetime warranty2
More speed. More battery life. More memory capacity. Fuel your next-gen laptop.
In the ever-changing world of technology, any component more than five years old is usually in need of an update. At seven years old and counting, that's where DDR3 memory is at: laptops can only do so much with it. Since the introduction of DDR3 memory technology in 2007, processors have doubled in capability, SSDs have revolutionized throughput, and graphics cards have drastically increased frame rates, leaving memory as a limiting factor. With Crucial DDR4 SODIMMs, crush the DDR3 memory bottleneck and unlock a new standard of performance.
More Energy Efficient
Extend battery life by using less power. Operating at just 1.2V compared to 1.5V for standard DDR3 memory, Crucial DDR4 SODIMMs consume 20% less voltage than standard DDR3 technology. Crucial DDR4 SODIMMs also contain other efficiency features, for an overall power reduction of up to 40%.1
More Density
Pack more memory into your laptop than ever before. Crucial DDR4 SODIMMs debut in densities up to 8GB, and as DDR4 technology develops, modules are projected to hit 32GB — allowing you to install twice as much memory as you could in a DDR3 system. Since laptops only have 1-2 memory slots, high-density Crucial DDR4 SODIMMs allow you to overcome this limitation and install more memory for faster mobile performance.
More Speed
Load applications faster and run demanding programs without lag. Crucial DDR4 SODIMMs debut at 2133 MT/s —more than 30% faster than DDR3 modules.1
Micron® quality—a higher level of reliability.
As a brand of Micron, one of the largest memory manufacturers in the world, Crucial DDR4 memory represents the future of computer performance. From the original DDR technology to DDR4, we've engineered the memory technologies that have powered the world's computers for 35 years and counting. When you choose Crucial DDR4 memory, you're choosing memory that's backed by a limited lifetime warranty and designed for the world's leading systems.2 don't settle for anything less.
1Product performance and efficiency improvements are noted as comparisons between DDR3 and DDR4 memory technology. As of May 2014, standard DDR3 memory achieved speeds of 1600 MT/s and operated at 1.5V, compared to DDR4-2133, which will operate at 1.2V. When voltage reductions and all other energy-saving DDR4 features are factored in, DDR4 modules are projected to consume up to 40% less power. As DDR4 technology matures, speeds and bandwidths are projected to respectively hit 3200 MT/s and 25.6 GB/s – twice what was possible on DDR3 technology.
2Limited lifetime warranty valid everywhere except Germany, where warranty is valid for ten years from date of purchase.
Original price was: KSh7,500.00.KSh5,500.00Current price is: KSh5,500.00.
Buy NowReviews
There are no reviews yet.


text:
Thursday, October 1, 2009
Boeuf Bourguignon - Recipes to Rival September Challenge
It's hard to believe that September's come and gone and it's time for another Recipes to Rival challenge. This month's recipe, a tribute to Julia Child, is Boeuf Bourguignon. It was chosen by Heather whose gorgeous blog, Randomosity and the Girl, will inspire all who pop in for a visit. I have a sentimental attachment to this recipe. It was the first Bourguignon I ever made. Not my favorite, but my first. I'm fickle. I quickly moved on to one created by Dionne Lucas and tested a few others before ending my search with Thomas Keller's version of the stew. I don't do a lot of experimentation with challenge recipes. To me, the point of a challenge is to test a recipe as it was written, not to play with it until it no longer resembles the one written by its creator. I make as few changes as possible. I did make a couple of changes here, not to ingredients but to technique. I marinated the meat in wine and herbs for 8 hours and I cooked the stew at 250 degrees F. for 4-1/2 hours for better flavor and more tender meat. The rest was pure Julia. If she said to rub your head and stomach while standing on one foot, that's what I did. There is, however, a nagging question that arises every time I make one of these wonderful old recipes. Did that French bon femme really go to the lengths demanded by these modern recipes? Was everything browned, or was it thrown into the pot and simply simmered until tender? Did she really score and peel pearl onions? How could she afford to make this relatively expensive dish? I think you get my drift. Julia's recipe is a lot of work. In fairness, this is a wonderful dish, but there are spots where the instructions get downright precious. I do hope you'll try this because it is a classic, but I also hope you'll look for other easier versions. Here, in all its glory, is Julia's Boeuf Bourguignon. Bon Appetit.
Boeuf Bourguignon
Yield: For 6 people
A 6-ounce chunk of bacon
1 Tb olive oil or cooking oil
3 lbs. lean stewing beef cut into 2-inch cubes (see Notes)
1 sliced carrot
1 sliced onion
1 tsp salt
¼ tsp pepper
2 Tb flour
3 cups of a full-bodied, young red wine such as one of those suggested for serving, or a Chianti
2 to 3 cups brown beef stock or canned beef bouillon
1 Tb tomato paste
2 cloves mashed garlic
½ tsp thyme
A crumbled bay leaf
The blanched bacon rind
18 to 24 small white onions, brown-braised in stock
1 lb. quartered fresh mushrooms sautéed in butter
Parsley sprigs
Remove bacon rind and cut bacon into lardons (sticks, ¼ inch thick and 1½ inches long). Simmer rind and bacon for 10 minutes in 1½ quarts of water. Drain and dry.
Preheat oven to 450 degrees.
Sauté the bacon in the oil over moderate heat for 2 to 3 minutes to brown lightly. Remove to a side dish with a slotted spoon. Set casserole aside. Reheat until fat is almost smoking before you sauté the beef.
Dry the beef in paper towels; it will not brown if it is damp. Sauté it, a few pieces at a time, in the hot oil and bacon fat until nicely browned on all sides. Add it to the bacon.
In the same fat, brown the sliced vegetables. Pour out the sautéing fat.
Return the beef and bacon to the casserole and toss with the salt and pepper. Then sprinkle on the flour and toss again to coat the beef lightly with the flour. Set casserole uncovered in middle position of preheated oven for 4 minutes. Toss the meat and return to oven for 4 minutes more. (This browns the flour and covers the meat with a light crust.) Remove casserole, and turn oven down to 325 degrees.
Stir in the wine, and enough stock or bouillon so that the meat is barely covered. Add the tomato paste, garlic, herbs, and bacon rind. Bring to simmer on top of the stove. Then cover the casserole and set in lower third of preheated oven. Regulate heat so liquid simmers very slowly for 2½ to 3 hours. The meat is done when a fork pierces it easily.
While the beef is cooking, prepare the onions and mushrooms. Set them aside until needed.
When the meat is tender, pour the contents of the casserole into a sieve set over a saucepan. Wash out the casserole and return the beef and bacon to it. Distribute the cooked onions and mushrooms over the meat.
Skim fat off the sauce. Simmer sauce for a minute or two, skimming off additional fat as it rises. You should have about 2½ cups of sauce thick enough to coat a spoon lightly. If too thin, boil it down rapidly. If too thick, mix in a few tablespoons of stock or canned bouillon. Taste carefully for seasoning. Pour the sauce over the meat and vegetables.
Recipe may be completed in advance to this point.
FOR IMMEDIATE SERVING: Cover the casserole and simmer for 2 to 3 minutes, basting the meat and vegetables with the sauce several times. Serve in its casserole, or arrange the stew on a platter surrounded with potatoes, noodles, or rice, and decorated with parsley.
FOR LATER SERVING: When cold, cover and refrigerate. About I5 to 20 minutes before serving, bring to the simmer, cover, and simmer very slowly for 10 minutes, occasionally basting the meat and vegetables with the sauce.
Equipment: A 9- to 10-inch fireproof casserole 3 inches deep and a slotted spoon
Cuts of Meat for Stewing:
The better the meat, the better the stew. While cheaper and coarser cuts may be used, the following are most recommended. Count on one pound of boneless meat, trimmed of fat, for two people; three if the rest of the menu is large.
First choice: Rump Pot Roast (Pointe de Culotte or Aiguillette de Rumsteck)
Other choices: Chuck Pot Roast (Paleron or Macreuse a Pot-au-feu), Sirloin Tip (Tranche Grasse), Top Round (Tende de Tranche), or Bottom Round (Gîte a la Noix).
Vegetable and Wine Suggestions:
Boiled potatoes are traditionally served with this dish. Buttered noodles or steamed rice may be substituted. If you also wish a green vegetable, buttered peas would be your best choice. Serve with the beef a fairly full-bodied, young red wine, such as Beaujolais, Côtes du Rhône, Bordeaux-St. Émilion, or Burgundy.
40 comments :
- Susan C said...
I've yet to make this dish, but I think my watering mouth and growling stomach is ordering, "Make me, make me." Thanks for the detailed addendum.
- October 1, 2009 at 1:07 AM
- Alea Milham said...
Oh my, this looks incredible!
Weird question: I am allergic to the sulfides in wine, do you have a suggestion for replacing it? - October 1, 2009 at 1:58 AM
- Mary Bergfeld said...
Alea, substitutes for wine usually don't work BUT if you use 5 cups of good beef stock instead of 3 cups wine and 2 cups stock you'll have a wonderful stew. Just make sure the broth isn't too salty.
- October 1, 2009 at 2:10 AM
- KathyB. said...
I think this is a recipe my husband will make. He loves to find and use such recipes and after the movie 'Julie/ Julia' he was inspired. I know we might be using her recipe for duck.
I appreciate the comments you wrote about just how much Julia might have kept to the recipe, I have wondered such things too, but then I am not a stickler for such things if I think I can find an easier way to similar results, probably to the detriment of my cooking. - October 1, 2009 at 4:03 AM
- Katy ~ said...
Yumm, this does look absolutely delicious to me. I think I have not attempted this in the past because of all the work involved. Perhaps someday you'll prepare and post your favorite recipe for this (hint, hint), grins.
- October 1, 2009 at 4:53 AM
- Martha said...
After seeing Julie and Julia, I've been craving this dish! And yes, simplicity is better. I find the one by Barefoot Contessa a good and yet easy recipe!
- October 1, 2009 at 7:18 AM
- Debbie said...
I saw the movie last week, bought the book and want to make this and plan to sometime next week. I don't like recipes that involve too much work since I don't have the patience for that. Her recipes do seem like a ton of work but I've heard they are wonderful. Thanks for the tips and I'll let you know how it goes when I try it!!! It DOES look WONDERFUL!
- October 1, 2009 at 7:21 AM
- Schnitzel and the Trout said...
I've made this before but it just doesn't taste quite as good as when I eat it in France. Your photo makes me wish for a taste!!
- October 1, 2009 at 8:17 AM
- Amy said...
Oh...my husband is wondering if an alien has taken over my body because I have tried many new recipe's lately including several of yours. Quite frankly...I have neglected my cooking skills in the past but I'm coming home. Thanks!
My husband and I saw Julie & Julia and we thought we would try making her Boeuf Bourguignon. I think we'll try your version instead. It will be a nice activity for us to do together one of these Sunday's. Have a lovely day! - October 1, 2009 at 9:05 AM
- Lakeshore Cottage Living said...
Oh Mary! Thank you so much for sharing this recipe!!! I just went to see Julie and Julia at the theater and just loved it. I don't know if that was an accurate story about her life...but it was entertaining anyway.
Also, I really like your new pictures in the sidebar of your family...just beautiful...all of you.
I hope you have a wonderful day.
Kristine - October 1, 2009 at 9:13 AM
- kat said...
I agree with you it is a bit fussy but I thought the end result was worth it
- October 1, 2009 at 10:15 AM
- Katherine Roberts Aucoin said...
this came out beautiful. I've been wanting to make time to try this since it is labor intensive. Thanks for sharing your tips!
- October 1, 2009 at 10:34 AM
- Rajii said...
this is totally a "yum yum "..blog..how d should I pronounce "Boeuf Bourguignon"...I loved the kiwi chicken wings picture..looks delicious..crispy outside...I am going to try it soon..I see lot of wonderful recipes here..wow
- October 1, 2009 at 11:03 AM
- Southerncook said...
Mary, I simply love a good Boeuf Bourguignon but have never prepared Julia's. I have prepared Ina Garten's recipe and really do like it. I'll have to give Julia's a try to see which I like better and I liked the changes you made. I will put that in my notes.
I think this Boeuf Bourguignon recipe will be on my menu very soon.
Carolyn/A Southerners Notebook - October 1, 2009 at 11:09 AM
- The Chef In My Head said...
I am on my way to the market, my mouth is watering!!! This looks amazing!
- October 1, 2009 at 11:13 AM
- theUngourmet said...
This does look like a bit of work. What a gorgeous outcome though! I can tell just by the photo that the beef had spectacular flavor! :P
- October 1, 2009 at 11:29 AM
- Jamie said...
Sometimes a lot of work is so worth it when you taste the results and this one looks fabulously delicious. This is one dish I have never made but so love it. This one is my must-try. Thanks.
- October 1, 2009 at 11:46 AM
- Karen said...
Beautiful picture... I would just love to have been in your kitchen to smell this!
- October 1, 2009 at 11:57 AM
- noble pig said...
It's one of my favorite dishes of all time...It looks like such an incredible version too!
- October 1, 2009 at 12:38 PM
- Claudia said...
I save Julia for when I am home for the day - and then I do what you do - follow it verbatim. I am thinking - she did do all that stuff - which is what made her "Julia," This is a delicious stew and worth the time and yours is so inviting I want to come over.
- October 1, 2009 at 12:53 PM
- Mary Bergfeld said...
Karen, I was baking bread in my small oven at the same time this was simmering. Bob and I both just went about crazy :-). It has a wonderful aroma.
- October 1, 2009 at 1:06 PM
- The Blonde Duck said...
Ever since I saw the movie, I've been wanting to try this!
- October 1, 2009 at 1:42 PM
- Lori said...
I am so with you. While I respect the woman for many reasons, I do question the seemingly unecessary detailed instruction.
And Mary- just beautiful. Now I have to try Thomas Keller's. You have picqued my curiosity. - October 1, 2009 at 2:34 PM
- Abatevintage said...
Oh that looks delicous. Wonderful treat.
Have a great day.
Heidi - October 1, 2009 at 3:32 PM
- Deb in Hawaii said...
I just saw the movie this week and now am craving this. It looks lovely but I would probably adapt it to make it easier myself. ;-)
- October 1, 2009 at 4:22 PM
- Angry Asian said...
i'm with you because the whole process took forever. i took shortcuts (like used frozen pearl onions) but i did take the time to brown the mushrooms etc.
this was my first boeuf bourguignon and i probably won't use this recipe again. it was a good experience tho. - October 1, 2009 at 4:29 PM
- jeanne said...
Hello Mary, I am so impressed with your Julia Beef B...... It is too much trouble to spell that word. Smiling. and I confess, too much trouble to make. LOL. I loved that part of the movie, Julie and Julia.
Your are a true cook Mary. I am so impressed with what you do. I am the kind of cook that tries lots of recipes that are not to detailed I want to give up before I try. I think I failed gourmet!!! How sad for my husband. However, I have him convinced I am the best cook ever. I have fooled a lot of my family too. BIG smile here.
Hope your day was all gourmet.
Hugs, Jeanne - October 1, 2009 at 6:09 PM
- Pam said...
I've still never made this dish. Yours looks really delicious. Great photo.
- October 1, 2009 at 6:22 PM
- Cathy said...
I agree with you Mary. I've made this recipe many times but do have several others that I prefer. My current favorite is Ina Gartens.
- October 1, 2009 at 6:25 PM
- Sasha said...
Good job : )
Boeuf Bourguingnon is one of the most perfect dishes ever created. It's just heaven. - October 1, 2009 at 8:40 PM
- Meal Makeover Mom Janice said...
I've been wanting to make this recipe since I saw Julie & Julia. You have enticed me even more. It will be perfect for this upcoming rainy weekend in Boston...
- October 1, 2009 at 8:52 PM
- La Cuisine d'Helene said...
I still don't get use to have wine with beef. I should try this recipe, maybe I would love it. This looks delicious.
- October 1, 2009 at 9:22 PM
- Chef Fresco said...
This photo is seriously amazing. Looks delicious!
- October 1, 2009 at 9:43 PM
- Penny said...
It looks beautiful Mary. I have made my own changes to the recipe over the years, but still like to serve this to company. I like it because it can be assembled and cooked the day before and then additions added the next day when you warm it.
- October 1, 2009 at 10:04 PM
- susan said...
Mary- I made the pumpkin cupcakes with the maple frosting last night and got RAVE reviews. I've made several others too--what do you think if I make all your recipes and write a blog about it, and then a book, and then a movie ?:) Who do you think should play you? :) Thanks for sharing these!!..and I will dry the beef.
- October 1, 2009 at 10:33 PM
- NKP said...
The stew looks gorgeous! I finally got mine up tonight - just before midnight!
I buy my pearl onions peeled, bagged and frozen - a trick I learned from Ina Garten.
Thomas Keller's sounds like a great variation of the stew, I will keep my eye out for it. - October 2, 2009 at 12:02 AM
- Madam Chow said...
My husband really liked it, but likes another recipe even better. But yours looks great!
- October 2, 2009 at 3:43 PM
- Geli said...
Oh YES!!!! Great recipe!
- October 3, 2009 at 2:15 PM
- Temperance said...
As always great pictures! I will have to try the Thomas Keller's version, But i have a hard time seeing how you could go wrong with this combo?
- October 5, 2009 at 1:32 PM
- maybelle's mom said...
yours was my favorite picture for sure. great job and great notes.
- October 5, 2009 at 8:13 PM


text:
There are a significant number of professionals who fall under the umbrella of the real estate industry—selling your house in Birmingham? You'll likely work with a few of the following people.
Title Companies
In real estate transactions, transferring ownership of the title, or the right to own and use the property, is completed at closing. Title companies play a vital role in selling your house in Birmingham because their experts aim to protect your interests in this transaction. Their team of real estate attorneys will review and validate all supporting legal documents and the contract you sign. Of mutual importance is their searching the title's history, which could reveal problems. These problems range from other claims of ownership, overdue property taxes or liens on the property. Should there be a lien, the title company will expertly handle the issue on your behalf. Mortgage lenders require this service, ensuring no legal entanglements arise with the property. By resolving legal issues before the sale, the transaction can flow smoothly for the seller, saving valuable time by avoiding delays. After clearing the title, they can then issue title insurance for the buyer and the seller. Title insurance acts as a warranty on the title against any financial loss, should any problem ever arise in the future. The security this offers allows both parties to move on with confidence in the transfer of title.
Unless you just purchased your home, inspections may be stressful over the anticipation of possible bad news. Mortgage lenders will not finance your buyer until any repairs are complete. As the seller, you may be responsible in every way, including financing, for making major repairs before you can continue the process of selling your house in Birmingham. Another avenue many sellers agree to in the sales contract is allowing the buyers to use the estimated amount of any repairs to lower their offer. You should have more than one contractor inspect any issue and provide their estimates on the repairs. The differences can be startling in both their resolution and pricing for their services. Regrettably, some buyers may simply walk away from the deal upon hearing bad news from the inspection. For this reason, many homeowners have a pre-inspection to ensure a smooth and speedy closing. Keep in mind the laws regarding full disclosure in real estate transactions.
Determining the market value or the amount the home would sell for on the current real estate market is essential in determining the sales price when you're selling your house in Birmingham. Appraisers are judicially or quasi-judicially appointed. Appraisers will physically visit the subject property, reviewing the interior thoroughly not only for data such as the number of bedrooms and the like, but also the condition of the property, outdated appliances and the like, functionality of the layout, and any apparent issues. They're also intimately familiar with Birmingham and exterior influences that may hinder the property's full enjoyment, such as less than pleasant odors from industrial areas nearby. Their ability to analyze all of the influential factors involved in this determination makes appraisers extremely valuable in managing the risks on loans made by lenders or other parties with financial interests. Usually required on behalf of the lender to ensure the loan to value ratio falls into a low-risk percentage, usually lending up to 80% of the appraised value without requiring PIP or private mortgage insurance.
Real Estate Agents
Chances are when considering which method to use to sell your house in Birmingham, listing with a real estate agent is likely the first thought that comes to mind. Put off by the process of showings; sellers are often hesitant to list their property. For some, the idea of strangers touring their home, virtually or in person, makes them uncomfortable. Others would prefer not to risk their health with potential exposure during the pandemic. While many buyers can afford the inevitable time involved with prepping their home to be listed, possibly remodeling or making repairs to the house, others may not have the time or the funds to do so. Last but most certainly not least, many sellers try to avoid high real estate agent commissions paid to s by listing their home on their own. For inexperienced sellers, this often ends in financial disaster.
Professional Home Buyers
Did you know there is another alternative to sell your home? Out of all people you'll likely work with selling your house in Birmingham, professional home buyers can help you handle all of your problems! Once you agree to a fair cash offer, and Mark Buys Houses won't charge any hidden fees or commissions. Mark Buys Houses handles everything, with no inspection or repairs and no waiting, usually closing within 30 days or less. We make the process easy! Ready to learn more? If you're saying "I need to sell my house fast in Birmingham, AL", send us a message or call Mark Buys Houses at (205) 478-3284 today!