text:
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
perl [ -gsTtuUWX ] [ -h?v ] [ -V[:configvar] ] [ -cw ] [ -d[t][:debugger] ] [ -D[number/list] ] [ -pna ] [ -Fpattern ] [ -l[octal] ] [ -0[octal/hexadecimal] ] [ -Idir ] [ -m[-]module ] [ -M[-]'module...' ] [ -f ] [ -C [number/list] ] [ -S ] [ -x[dir] ] [ -i[extension] ] [ [-e|-E] 'command' ] [ -- ] [ programfile ] [ argument ]...
The normal way to run a Perl program is by making it directly executable, or else by passing the name of the source file as an argument on the command line. (An interactive Perl environment is also possible--see perldebug for details on how to do that.) Upon startup, Perl looks for your program in one of the following places:
Specified line by line via -e or -E switches on the command line.
Contained in the file specified by the first filename on the command line. (Note that systems supporting the #!
notation invoke interpreters this way. See "Location of Perl".)
Passed in implicitly via standard input. This works only if there are no filename arguments--to pass arguments to a STDIN-read program you must explicitly specify a "-" for the program name.
With methods 2 and 3, Perl starts parsing the input file from the beginning, unless you've specified a "-x" switch, in which case it scans for the first line starting with #!
and containing the word "perl", and starts there instead. This is useful for running a program embedded in a larger message. (In this case you would indicate the end of the program using the __END__
The #!
line is always examined for switches as the line is being parsed. Thus, if you're on a machine that allows only one argument with the #!
line, or worse, doesn't even recognize the #!
line, you still can get consistent switch behaviour regardless of how Perl was invoked, even if "-x" was used to find the beginning of the program.
Because historically some operating systems silently chopped off kernel interpretation of the #!
line after 32 characters, some switches may be passed in on the command line, and some may not; you could even get a "-" without its letter, if you're not careful. You probably want to make sure that all your switches fall either before or after that 32-character boundary. Most switches don't actually care if they're processed redundantly, but getting a "-" instead of a complete switch could cause Perl to try to execute standard input instead of your program. And a partial -I switch could also cause odd results.
Some switches do care if they are processed twice, for instance combinations of -l and -0. Either put all the switches after the 32-character boundary (if applicable), or replace the use of -0digits by BEGIN{ $/ = "\0digits"; }
Parsing of the #!
switches starts wherever "perl" is mentioned in the line. The sequences "-*" and "- " are specifically ignored so that you could, if you were so inclined, say
#! -*- perl -*- -p
eval 'exec perl -x -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
if 0;
to let Perl see the "-p" switch.
A similar trick involves the env program, if you have it.
#!/usr/bin/env perl
The examples above use a relative path to the perl interpreter, getting whatever version is first in the user's path. If you want a specific version of Perl, say, perl5.14.1, you should place that directly in the #!
line's path.
If the #!
line does not contain the word "perl" nor the word "indir", the program named after the #!
is executed instead of the Perl interpreter. This is slightly bizarre, but it helps people on machines that don't do #!
, because they can tell a program that their SHELL is /usr/bin/perl, and Perl will then dispatch the program to the correct interpreter for them.
After locating your program, Perl compiles the entire program to an internal form. If there are any compilation errors, execution of the program is not attempted. (This is unlike the typical shell script, which might run part-way through before finding a syntax error.)
If the program is syntactically correct, it is executed. If the program runs off the end without hitting an exit() or die() operator, an implicit exit(0)
is provided to indicate successful completion.
Unix's #!
technique can be simulated on other systems:
extproc perl -S -your_switches
as the first line in *.cmd
file ("-S" due to a bug in cmd.exe's `extproc' handling).
Create a batch file to run your program, and codify it in ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
(see the dosish.h file in the source distribution for more information).
The Win95/NT installation, when using the ActiveState installer for Perl, will modify the Registry to associate the .pl extension with the perl interpreter. If you install Perl by other means (including building from the sources), you may have to modify the Registry yourself. Note that this means you can no longer tell the difference between an executable Perl program and a Perl library file.
$ perl -mysw 'f$env("procedure")' 'p1' 'p2' 'p3' 'p4' 'p5' 'p6' 'p7' 'p8' !
$ exit++ + ++$status != 0 and $exit = $status = undef;
at the top of your program, where -mysw are any command line switches you want to pass to Perl. You can now invoke the program directly, by saying perl program
, or as a DCL procedure, by saying @program
(or implicitly via DCL$PATH by just using the name of the program).
This incantation is a bit much to remember, but Perl will display it for you if you say perl "-V:startperl"
Command-interpreters on non-Unix systems have rather different ideas on quoting than Unix shells. You'll need to learn the special characters in your command-interpreter (*
, \
and "
are common) and how to protect whitespace and these characters to run one-liners (see -e below).
On some systems, you may have to change single-quotes to double ones, which you must not do on Unix or Plan 9 systems. You might also have to change a single % to a %%.
For example:
# Unix
perl -e 'print "Hello world\n"'
# MS-DOS, etc.
perl -e "print \"Hello world\n\""
perl -e "print ""Hello world\n"""
The problem is that none of this is reliable: it depends on the command and it is entirely possible neither works. If 4DOS were the command shell, this would probably work better:
perl -e "print <Ctrl-x>"Hello world\n<Ctrl-x>""
CMD.EXE in Windows NT slipped a lot of standard Unix functionality in when nobody was looking, but just try to find documentation for its quoting rules.
There is no general solution to all of this. It's just a mess.
It may seem obvious to say, but Perl is useful only when users can easily find it. When possible, it's good for both /usr/bin/perl and /usr/local/bin/perl to be symlinks to the actual binary. If that can't be done, system administrators are strongly encouraged to put (symlinks to) perl and its accompanying utilities into a directory typically found along a user's PATH, or in some other obvious and convenient place.
In this documentation, #!/usr/bin/perl
on the first line of the program will stand in for whatever method works on your system. You are advised to use a specific path if you care about a specific version.
or if you just want to be running at least version, place a statement like this at the top of your program:
use v5.14;
As with all standard commands, a single-character switch may be clustered with the following switch, if any.
#!/usr/bin/perl -spi.orig # same as -s -p -i.orig
signals the end of options and disables further option processing. Any arguments after the --
are treated as filenames and arguments.
Switches include:
specifies the input record separator ($/
) as an octal or hexadecimal number. If there are no digits, the null character is the separator. Other switches may precede or follow the digits. For example, if you have a version of find which can print filenames terminated by the null character, you can say this:
find . -name '*.orig' -print0 | perl -n0e unlink
The special value 00 will cause Perl to slurp files in paragraph mode.
Any value 0400 or above will cause Perl to slurp files whole, but by convention the value 0777 is the one normally used for this purpose. The "-g" flag is a simpler alias for it.
You can also specify the separator character using hexadecimal notation: -0xHHH..., where the H
are valid hexadecimal digits. Unlike the octal form, this one may be used to specify any Unicode character, even those beyond 0xFF. So if you really want a record separator of 0777, specify it as -0x1FF. (This means that you cannot use the "-x" option with a directory name that consists of hexadecimal digits, or else Perl will think you have specified a hex number to -0.)
turns on autosplit mode when used with a "-n" or "-p". An implicit split command to the @F array is done as the first thing inside the implicit while loop produced by the "-n" or "-p".
perl -ane 'print pop(@F), "\n";'
is equivalent to
while (<>) {
@F = split(' ');
print pop(@F), "\n";
An alternate delimiter may be specified using -F.
-a implicitly sets "-n".
The -C flag controls some of the Perl Unicode features.
As of 5.8.1, the -C can be followed either by a number or a list of option letters. The letters, their numeric values, and effects are as follows; listing the letters is equal to summing the numbers.
I 1 STDIN is assumed to be in UTF-8
O 2 STDOUT will be in UTF-8
E 4 STDERR will be in UTF-8
i 8 UTF-8 is the default PerlIO layer for input streams
o 16 UTF-8 is the default PerlIO layer for output streams
D 24 i + o
A 32 the @ARGV elements are expected to be strings encoded
in UTF-8
L 64 normally the "IOEioA" are unconditional, the L makes
them conditional on the locale environment variables
(the LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, and LANG, in the order of
decreasing precedence) -- if the variables indicate
UTF-8, then the selected "IOEioA" are in effect
a 256 Set ${^UTF8CACHE} to -1, to run the UTF-8 caching
code in debugging mode.
For example, -COE and -C6 will both turn on UTF-8-ness on both STDOUT and STDERR. Repeating letters is just redundant, not cumulative nor toggling.
The io
options mean that any subsequent open() (or similar I/O operations) in main program scope will have the :utf8
PerlIO layer implicitly applied to them, in other words, UTF-8 is expected from any input stream, and UTF-8 is produced to any output stream. This is just the default set via ${^OPEN}
, with explicit layers in open() and with binmode() one can manipulate streams as usual. This has no effect on code run in modules.
-C on its own (not followed by any number or option list), or the empty string ""
for the "PERL_UNICODE" environment variable, has the same effect as -CSDL. In other words, the standard I/O handles and the default open()
layer are UTF-8-fied but only if the locale environment variables indicate a UTF-8 locale. This behaviour follows the implicit (and problematic) UTF-8 behaviour of Perl 5.8.0. (See "UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales" in perl581delta.)
You can use -C0 (or "0"
for PERL_UNICODE
) to explicitly disable all the above Unicode features.
The read-only magic variable ${^UNICODE}
reflects the numeric value of this setting. This variable is set during Perl startup and is thereafter read-only. If you want runtime effects, use the three-arg open() (see "open" in perlfunc), the two-arg binmode() (see "binmode" in perlfunc), and the open
pragma (see open).
(In Perls earlier than 5.8.1 the -C switch was a Win32-only switch that enabled the use of Unicode-aware "wide system call" Win32 APIs. This feature was practically unused, however, and the command line switch was therefore "recycled".)
Note: Since perl 5.10.1, if the -C option is used on the #!
line, it must be specified on the command line as well, since the standard streams are already set up at this point in the execution of the perl interpreter. You can also use binmode() to set the encoding of an I/O stream.
causes Perl to check the syntax of the program and then exit without executing it. Actually, it will execute any BEGIN
, or CHECK
blocks and any use
statements: these are considered as occurring outside the execution of your program. INIT
and END
blocks, however, will be skipped.
runs the program under the Perl debugger. See perldebug. If t is specified, it indicates to the debugger that threads will be used in the code being debugged.
runs the program under the control of a debugging, profiling, or tracing module installed as Devel::MOD
. E.g., -d:DProf executes the program using the Devel::DProf
profiler. As with the -M flag, options may be passed to the Devel::MOD
package where they will be received and interpreted by the Devel::MOD::import
routine. Again, like -M, use --d:-MOD to call Devel::MOD::unimport
instead of import. The comma-separated list of options must follow a =
character. If t is specified, it indicates to the debugger that threads will be used in the code being debugged. See perldebug.
sets debugging flags. This switch is enabled only if your perl binary has been built with debugging enabled: normal production perls won't have been.
For example, to watch how perl executes your program, use -Dtls. Another nice value is -Dx, which lists your compiled syntax tree, and -Dr displays compiled regular expressions; the format of the output is explained in perldebguts.
As an alternative, specify a number instead of list of letters (e.g., -D14 is equivalent to -Dtls):
1 p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse
2 s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)
4 l Context (loop) stack processing
8 t Trace execution
16 o Method and overloading resolution
32 c String/numeric conversions
64 P Print profiling info, source file input state
128 m Memory and SV allocation
256 f Format processing
512 r Regular expression parsing and execution
1024 x Syntax tree dump
2048 u Tainting checks
4096 U Unofficial, User hacking (reserved for private,
unreleased use)
8192 h Show hash randomization debug output (changes to
PL_hash_rand_bits and their origin)
16384 X Scratchpad allocation
32768 D Cleaning up
65536 S Op slab allocation
131072 T Tokenizing
262144 R Include reference counts of dumped variables
(eg when using -Ds)
524288 J show s,t,P-debug (don't Jump over) on opcodes within
package DB
1048576 v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags to
increase the verbosity of the output. Is a no-op on
many of the other flags
2097152 C Copy On Write
4194304 A Consistency checks on internal structures
8388608 q quiet - currently only suppresses the "EXECUTING"
16777216 M trace smart match resolution
33554432 B dump suBroutine definitions, including special
Blocks like BEGIN
67108864 L trace Locale-related info; what gets output is very
subject to change
134217728 i trace PerlIO layer processing. Set PERLIO_DEBUG to
the filename to trace to.
268435456 y trace y///, tr/// compilation and execution
All these flags require -DDEBUGGING when you compile the Perl executable (but see :opd
in Devel::Peek or "'debug' mode" in re which may change this). See the INSTALL file in the Perl source distribution for how to do this.
If you're just trying to get a print out of each line of Perl code as it executes, the way that sh -x
provides for shell scripts, you can't use Perl's -D switch. Instead do this
# If you have "env" utility
env PERLDB_OPTS="NonStop=1 AutoTrace=1 frame=2" perl -dS program
# Bourne shell syntax
$ PERLDB_OPTS="NonStop=1 AutoTrace=1 frame=2" perl -dS program
# csh syntax
% (setenv PERLDB_OPTS "NonStop=1 AutoTrace=1 frame=2"; perl -dS program)
See perldebug for details and variations.
may be used to enter one line of program. If -e is given, Perl will not look for a filename in the argument list. Multiple -e commands may be given to build up a multi-line script. Make sure to use semicolons where you would in a normal program.
behaves just like -e, except that it implicitly enables all optional features (in the main compilation unit). See feature.
Disable executing $Config{sitelib}/sitecustomize.pl at startup.
Perl can be built so that it by default will try to execute $Config{sitelib}/sitecustomize.pl at startup (in a BEGIN block). This is a hook that allows the sysadmin to customize how Perl behaves. It can for instance be used to add entries to the @INC array to make Perl find modules in non-standard locations.
Perl actually inserts the following code:
do { local $!; -f "$Config{sitelib}/sitecustomize.pl"; }
&& do "$Config{sitelib}/sitecustomize.pl";
Since it is an actual do
(not a require
), sitecustomize.pl doesn't need to return a true value. The code is run in package main
, in its own lexical scope. However, if the script dies, $@
will not be set.
The value of $Config{sitelib}
is also determined in C code and not read from Config.pm
, which is not loaded.
The code is executed very early. For example, any changes made to @INC
will show up in the output of `perl -V`. Of course, END
blocks will be likewise executed very late.
To determine at runtime if this capability has been compiled in your perl, you can check the value of $Config{usesitecustomize}
specifies the pattern to split on for "-a". The pattern may be surrounded by //
, ""
, or ''
, otherwise it will be put in single quotes. You can't use literal whitespace or NUL characters in the pattern.
undefines the input record separator ($/
) and thus enables the slurp mode. In other words, it causes Perl to read whole files at once, instead of line by line.
This flag is a simpler alias for -0777.
Mnemonics: gobble, grab, gulp.
prints a summary of the options.
synonym for -h: prints a summary of the options.
specifies that files processed by the <>
construct are to be edited in-place. It does this by renaming the input file, opening the output file by the original name, and selecting that output file as the default for print() statements. The extension, if supplied, is used to modify the name of the old file to make a backup copy, following these rules:
If no extension is supplied, and your system supports it, the original file is kept open without a name while the output is redirected to a new file with the original filename. When perl exits, cleanly or not, the original file is unlinked.
If the extension doesn't contain a *
, then it is appended to the end of the current filename as a suffix. If the extension does contain one or more *
characters, then each *
is replaced with the current filename. In Perl terms, you could think of this as:
($backup = $extension) =~ s/\*/$file_name/g;
This allows you to add a prefix to the backup file, instead of (or in addition to) a suffix:
$ perl -pi'orig_*' -e 's/bar/baz/' fileA # backup to
# 'orig_fileA'
Or even to place backup copies of the original files into another directory (provided the directory already exists):
$ perl -pi'old/*.orig' -e 's/bar/baz/' fileA # backup to
# 'old/fileA.orig'
These sets of one-liners are equivalent:
$ perl -pi -e 's/bar/baz/' fileA # overwrite current file
$ perl -pi'*' -e 's/bar/baz/' fileA # overwrite current file
$ perl -pi'.orig' -e 's/bar/baz/' fileA # backup to 'fileA.orig'
$ perl -pi'*.orig' -e 's/bar/baz/' fileA # backup to 'fileA.orig'
From the shell, saying
$ perl -p -i.orig -e "s/foo/bar/; ... "
is the same as using the program:
#!/usr/bin/perl -pi.orig
which is equivalent to
$extension = '.orig';
LINE: while (<>) {
if ($ARGV ne $oldargv) {
if ($extension !~ /\*/) {
$backup = $ARGV . $extension;
else {
($backup = $extension) =~ s/\*/$ARGV/g;
rename($ARGV, $backup);
open(ARGVOUT, ">$ARGV");
$oldargv = $ARGV;
continue {
print; # this prints to original filename
except that the -i form doesn't need to compare $ARGV to $oldargv to know when the filename has changed. It does, however, use ARGVOUT for the selected filehandle. Note that STDOUT is restored as the default output filehandle after the loop.
As shown above, Perl creates the backup file whether or not any output is actually changed. So this is just a fancy way to copy files:
$ perl -p -i'/some/file/path/*' -e 1 file1 file2 file3...
$ perl -p -i'.orig' -e 1 file1 file2 file3...
You can use eof
without parentheses to locate the end of each input file, in case you want to append to each file, or reset line numbering (see example in "eof" in perlfunc).
If, for a given file, Perl is unable to create the backup file as specified in the extension then it will skip that file and continue on with the next one (if it exists).
For a discussion of issues surrounding file permissions and -i, see "Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?" in perlfaq5.
You cannot use -i to create directories or to strip extensions from files.
Perl does not expand ~
in filenames, which is good, since some folks use it for their backup files:
$ perl -pi~ -e 's/foo/bar/' file1 file2 file3...
Note that because -i renames or deletes the original file before creating a new file of the same name, Unix-style soft and hard links will not be preserved.
Finally, the -i switch does not impede execution when no files are given on the command line. In this case, no backup is made (the original file cannot, of course, be determined) and processing proceeds from STDIN to STDOUT as might be expected.
Directories specified by -I are prepended to the search path for modules (@INC
enables automatic line-ending processing. It has two separate effects. First, it automatically chomps $/
(the input record separator) when used with "-n" or "-p". Second, it assigns $\
(the output record separator) to have the value of octnum so that any print statements will have that separator added back on. If octnum is omitted, sets $\
to the current value of $/
. For instance, to trim lines to 80 columns:
perl -lpe 'substr($_, 80) = ""'
Note that the assignment $\ = $/
is done when the switch is processed, so the input record separator can be different than the output record separator if the -l switch is followed by a -0 switch:
gnufind / -print0 | perl -ln0e 'print "found $_" if -p'
This sets $\
to newline and then sets $/
to the null character.
-mmodule executes use
module ();
before executing your program. This loads the module, but does not call its import
method, so does not import subroutines and does not give effect to a pragma.
-Mmodule executes use
module ;
before executing your program. This loads the module and calls its import
method, causing the module to have its default effect, typically importing subroutines or giving effect to a pragma. You can use quotes to add extra code after the module name, e.g., '-MMODULE qw(foo bar)'
If the first character after the -M or -m is a dash (-) then the 'use' is replaced with 'no'. This makes no difference for -m.
A little builtin syntactic sugar means you can also say -mMODULE=foo,bar or -MMODULE=foo,bar as a shortcut for '-MMODULE qw(foo bar)'. This avoids the need to use quotes when importing symbols. The actual code generated by -MMODULE=foo,bar is use module split(/,/,q{foo,bar})
. Note that the =
form removes the distinction between -m and -M; that is, -mMODULE=foo,bar is the same as -MMODULE=foo,bar.
A consequence of the split
formulation is that -MMODULE=number never does a version check, unless MODULE::import()
itself is set up to do a version check, which could happen for example if MODULE inherits from Exporter.
causes Perl to assume the following loop around your program, which makes it iterate over filename arguments somewhat like sed -n or awk:
while (<>) {
... # your program goes here
Note that the lines are not printed by default. See "-p" to have lines printed. If a file named by an argument cannot be opened for some reason, Perl warns you about it and moves on to the next file.
Also note that <>
passes command line arguments to "open" in perlfunc, which doesn't necessarily interpret them as file names. See perlop for possible security implications.
Here is an efficient way to delete all files that haven't been modified for at least a week:
find . -mtime +7 -print | perl -nle unlink
This is faster than using the -exec switch of find because you don't have to start a process on every filename found (but it's not faster than using the -delete switch available in newer versions of find. It does suffer from the bug of mishandling newlines in pathnames, which you can fix if you follow the example under -0.
and END
blocks may be used to capture control before or after the implicit program loop, just as in awk.
causes Perl to assume the following loop around your program, which makes it iterate over filename arguments somewhat like sed:
while (<>) {
... # your program goes here
} continue {
print or die "-p destination: $!\n";
If a file named by an argument cannot be opened for some reason, Perl warns you about it, and moves on to the next file. Note that the lines are printed automatically. An error occurring during printing is treated as fatal. To suppress printing use the "-n" switch. A -p overrides a -n switch.
and END
blocks may be used to capture control before or after the implicit loop, just as in awk.
enables rudimentary switch parsing for switches on the command line after the program name but before any filename arguments (or before an argument of --). Any switch found there is removed from @ARGV and sets the corresponding variable in the Perl program, in the main package. The following program prints "1" if the program is invoked with a -xyz switch, and "abc" if it is invoked with -xyz=abc.
#!/usr/bin/perl -s
if ($xyz) { print "$xyz\n" }
Do note that a switch like --help creates the variable ${-help}
, which is not compliant with use strict "refs"
. Also, when using this option on a script with warnings enabled you may get a lot of spurious "used only once" warnings. For these reasons, use of -s is discouraged. See Getopt::Long for much more flexible switch parsing.
makes Perl use the "PATH" environment variable to search for the program unless the name of the program contains path separators.
On some platforms, this also makes Perl append suffixes to the filename while searching for it. For example, on Win32 platforms, the ".bat" and ".cmd" suffixes are appended if a lookup for the original name fails, and if the name does not already end in one of those suffixes. If your Perl was compiled with DEBUGGING
turned on, using the -Dp switch to Perl shows how the search progresses.
Typically this is used to emulate #!
startup on platforms that don't support #!
. It's also convenient when debugging a script that uses #!
, and is thus normally found by the shell's $PATH search mechanism.
This example works on many platforms that have a shell compatible with Bourne shell:
eval 'exec /usr/bin/perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
if 0; # ^ Run only under a shell
The system ignores the first line and feeds the program to /bin/sh, which proceeds to try to execute the Perl program as a shell script. The shell executes the second line as a normal shell command, and thus starts up the Perl interpreter. On some systems $0 doesn't always contain the full pathname, so the "-S" tells Perl to search for the program if necessary. After Perl locates the program, it parses the lines and ignores them because the check 'if 0' is never true. If the program will be interpreted by csh, you will need to replace ${1+"$@"}
with $*
, even though that doesn't understand embedded spaces (and such) in the argument list. To start up sh rather than csh, some systems may have to replace the #!
line with a line containing just a colon, which will be politely ignored by Perl. Other systems can't control that, and need a totally devious construct that will work under any of csh, sh, or Perl, such as the following:
eval '(exit $?0)' && eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
& eval 'exec /usr/bin/perl -wS $0 $argv:q'
if 0; # ^ Run only under a shell
If the filename supplied contains directory separators (and so is an absolute or relative pathname), and if that file is not found, platforms that append file extensions will do so and try to look for the file with those extensions added, one by one.
On DOS-like platforms, if the program does not contain directory separators, it will first be searched for in the current directory before being searched for on the PATH. On Unix platforms, the program will be searched for strictly on the PATH.
Like "-T", but taint checks will issue warnings rather than fatal errors. These warnings can now be controlled normally with no warnings qw(taint)
Note: This is not a substitute for -T
! This is meant to be used only as a temporary development aid while securing legacy code: for real production code and for new secure code written from scratch, always use the real "-T".
This has no effect if your perl was built without taint support.
turns on "taint" so you can test them. Ordinarily these checks are done only when running setuid or setgid. It's a good idea to turn them on explicitly for programs that run on behalf of someone else whom you might not necessarily trust, such as CGI programs or any internet servers you might write in Perl. See perlsec for details. For security reasons, this option must be seen by Perl quite early; usually this means it must appear early on the command line or in the #!
line for systems which support that construct.
This switch causes Perl to dump core after compiling your program. You can then in theory take this core dump and turn it into an executable file by using the undump program (not supplied). This speeds startup at the expense of some disk space (which you can minimize by stripping the executable). (Still, a "hello world" executable comes out to about 200K on my machine.) If you want to execute a portion of your program before dumping, use the CORE::dump()
function instead. Note: availability of undump is platform specific and may not be available for a specific port of Perl.
allows Perl to do unsafe operations. Currently the only "unsafe" operations are attempting to unlink directories while running as superuser and running setuid programs with fatal taint checks turned into warnings. Note that warnings must be enabled along with this option to actually generate the taint-check warnings.
prints the version and patchlevel of your perl executable.
prints summary of the major perl configuration values and the current values of @INC.
Prints to STDOUT the value of the named configuration variable(s), with multiples when your configvar
argument looks like a regex (has non-letters). For example:
$ perl -V:libc
$ perl -V:lib.
libs='-lnsl -lgdbm -ldb -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lc';
$ perl -V:lib.*
libpth='/usr/local/lib /lib /usr/lib';
libs='-lnsl -lgdbm -ldb -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lc';
Additionally, extra colons can be used to control formatting. A trailing colon suppresses the linefeed and terminator ";", allowing you to embed queries into shell commands. (mnemonic: PATH separator ":".)
$ echo "compression-vars: " `perl -V:z.*: ` " are here !"
compression-vars: zcat='' zip='zip' are here !
A leading colon removes the "name=" part of the response, this allows you to map to the name you need. (mnemonic: empty label)
$ echo "goodvfork="`./perl -Ilib -V::usevfork`
Leading and trailing colons can be used together if you need positional parameter values without the names. Note that in the case below, the PERL_API
params are returned in alphabetical order.
$ echo building_on `perl -V::osname: -V::PERL_API_.*:` now
building_on 'linux' '5' '1' '9' now
prints warnings about dubious constructs, such as variable names mentioned only once and scalar variables used before being set; redefined subroutines; references to undefined filehandles; filehandles opened read-only that you are attempting to write on; values used as a number that don't look like numbers; using an array as though it were a scalar; if your subroutines recurse more than 100 deep; and innumerable other things.
This switch really just enables the global $^W
variable; normally, the lexically scoped use warnings
pragma is preferred. You can disable or promote into fatal errors specific warnings using __WARN__
hooks, as described in perlvar and "warn" in perlfunc. See also perldiag and perltrap. A fine-grained warning facility is also available if you want to manipulate entire classes of warnings; see warnings.
Enables all warnings regardless of no warnings
or $^W
. See warnings.
Disables all warnings regardless of use warnings
or $^W
. See warnings.
Forbidden in "PERL5OPT"
tells Perl that the program is embedded in a larger chunk of unrelated text, such as in a mail message. Leading garbage will be discarded until the first line that starts with #!
and contains the string "perl". Any meaningful switches on that line will be applied.
All references to line numbers by the program (warnings, errors, ...) will treat the #!
line as the first line. Thus a warning on the 2nd line of the program, which is on the 100th line in the file will be reported as line 2, not as line 100. This can be overridden by using the #line
directive. (See "Plain Old Comments (Not!)" in perlsyn)
If a directory name is specified, Perl will switch to that directory before running the program. The -x switch controls only the disposal of leading garbage. The program must be terminated with __END__
if there is trailing garbage to be ignored; the program can process any or all of the trailing garbage via the DATA
filehandle if desired.
The directory, if specified, must appear immediately following the -x with no intervening whitespace.
Used if chdir
has no argument.
Used if chdir
has no argument and "HOME" is not set.
Used in executing subprocesses, and in finding the program if "-S" is used.
A list of directories in which to look for Perl library files before looking in the standard library. Any architecture-specific and version-specific directories, such as version/archname/, version/, or archname/ under the specified locations are automatically included if they exist, with this lookup done at interpreter startup time. In addition, any directories matching the entries in $Config{inc_version_list}
are added. (These typically would be for older compatible perl versions installed in the same directory tree.)
If PERL5LIB is not defined, "PERLLIB" is used. Directories are separated (like in PATH) by a colon on Unixish platforms and by a semicolon on Windows (the proper path separator being given by the command perl -V:path_sep
When running taint checks, either because the program was running setuid or setgid, or the "-T" or "-t" switch was specified, neither PERL5LIB nor "PERLLIB" is consulted. The program should instead say:
use lib "/my/directory";
Command-line options (switches). Switches in this variable are treated as if they were on every Perl command line. Only the -[CDIMTUWdmtw] switches are allowed. When running taint checks (either because the program was running setuid or setgid, or because the "-T" or "-t" switch was used), this variable is ignored. If PERL5OPT begins with -T, tainting will be enabled and subsequent options ignored. If PERL5OPT begins with -t, tainting will be enabled, a writable dot removed from @INC, and subsequent options honored.
A space (or colon) separated list of PerlIO layers. If perl is built to use PerlIO system for IO (the default) these layers affect Perl's IO.
It is conventional to start layer names with a colon (for example, :perlio
) to emphasize their similarity to variable "attributes". But the code that parses layer specification strings, which is also used to decode the PERLIO environment variable, treats the colon as a separator.
An unset or empty PERLIO is equivalent to the default set of layers for your platform; for example, :unix:perlio
on Unix-like systems and :unix:crlf
on Windows and other DOS-like systems.
The list becomes the default for all Perl's IO. Consequently only built-in layers can appear in this list, as external layers (such as :encoding()
) need IO in order to load them! See "open pragma" for how to add external encodings as defaults.
Layers it makes sense to include in the PERLIO environment variable are briefly summarized below. For more details see PerlIO.
A layer which does CRLF to "\n"
translation distinguishing "text" and "binary" files in the manner of MS-DOS and similar operating systems, and also provides buffering similar to :perlio
on these architectures.
This is a re-implementation of stdio-like buffering written as a PerlIO layer. As such it will call whatever layer is below it for its operations, typically :unix
This layer provides a PerlIO interface by wrapping system's ANSI C "stdio" library calls. The layer provides both buffering and IO. Note that the :stdio
layer does not do CRLF translation even if that is the platform's normal behaviour. You will need a :crlf
layer above it to do that.
Low-level layer that calls read
, write
, lseek
, etc.
The default set of layers should give acceptable results on all platforms.
For Unix platforms that will be the equivalent of ":unix:perlio" or ":stdio". Configure is set up to prefer the ":stdio" implementation if the system's library provides for fast access to the buffer (not common on modern architectures); otherwise, it uses the ":unix:perlio" implementation.
On Win32 the default in this release (5.30) is ":unix:crlf". Win32's ":stdio" has a number of bugs/mis-features for Perl IO which are somewhat depending on the version and vendor of the C compiler. Using our own :crlf
layer as the buffer avoids those issues and makes things more uniform.
This release (5.30) uses :unix
as the bottom layer on Win32, and so still uses the C compiler's numeric file descriptor routines.
The PERLIO environment variable is completely ignored when Perl is run in taint mode.
If set to the name of a file or device when Perl is run with the -Di command-line switch, the logging of certain operations of the PerlIO subsystem will be redirected to the specified file rather than going to stderr, which is the default. The file is opened in append mode. Typical uses are in Unix:
% env PERLIO_DEBUG=/tmp/perlio.log perl -Di script ...
and under Win32, the approximately equivalent:
> set PERLIO_DEBUG=CON
perl -Di script ...
This functionality is disabled for setuid scripts, for scripts run with "-T", and for scripts run on a Perl built without -DDEBUGGING
A list of directories in which to look for Perl library files before looking in the standard library. If "PERL5LIB" is defined, PERLLIB is not used.
The PERLLIB environment variable is completely ignored when Perl is run in taint mode.
The command used to load the debugger code. The default is:
BEGIN { require "perl5db.pl" }
The PERL5DB environment variable is only used when Perl is started with a bare "-d" switch.
If set to a true value, indicates to the debugger that the code being debugged uses threads.
On Win32 ports only, may be set to an alternative shell that Perl must use internally for executing "backtick" commands or system(). Default is cmd.exe /x/d/c
on WindowsNT and command.com /c
on Windows95. The value is considered space-separated. Precede any character that needs to be protected, like a space or backslash, with another backslash.
Note that Perl doesn't use COMSPEC for this purpose because COMSPEC has a high degree of variability among users, leading to portability concerns. Besides, Perl can use a shell that may not be fit for interactive use, and setting COMSPEC to such a shell may interfere with the proper functioning of other programs (which usually look in COMSPEC to find a shell fit for interactive use).
Before Perl 5.10.0 and 5.8.8, PERL5SHELL was not taint checked when running external commands. It is recommended that you explicitly set (or delete) $ENV{PERL5SHELL}
when running in taint mode under Windows.
Set to 1 to allow the use of non-IFS compatible LSPs (Layered Service Providers). Perl normally searches for an IFS-compatible LSP because this is required for its emulation of Windows sockets as real filehandles. However, this may cause problems if you have a firewall such as McAfee Guardian, which requires that all applications use its LSP but which is not IFS-compatible, because clearly Perl will normally avoid using such an LSP.
Setting this environment variable to 1 means that Perl will simply use the first suitable LSP enumerated in the catalog, which keeps McAfee Guardian happy--and in that particular case Perl still works too because McAfee Guardian's LSP actually plays other games which allow applications requiring IFS compatibility to work.
Relevant only if Perl is compiled with the malloc
included with the Perl distribution; that is, if perl -V:d_mymalloc
is "define".
If set, this dumps out memory statistics after execution. If set to an integer greater than one, also dumps out memory statistics after compilation.
Controls the behaviour of global destruction of objects and other references. See "PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL" in perlhacktips for more information.
Set to "1"
to have Perl resolve all undefined symbols when it loads a dynamic library. The default behaviour is to resolve symbols when they are used. Setting this variable is useful during testing of extensions, as it ensures that you get an error on misspelled function names even if the test suite doesn't call them.
If using the use encoding
pragma without an explicit encoding name, the PERL_ENCODING environment variable is consulted for an encoding name.
(Since Perl 5.8.1, new semantics in Perl 5.18.0) Used to override the randomization of Perl's internal hash function. The value is expressed in hexadecimal, and may include a leading 0x. Truncated patterns are treated as though they are suffixed with sufficient 0's as required.
If the option is provided, and PERL_PERTURB_KEYS
is NOT set, then a value of '0' implies PERL_PERTURB_KEYS=0
and any other value implies PERL_PERTURB_KEYS=2
. See the documentation for PERL_PERTURB_KEYS for important caveats regarding the DETERMINISTIC
PLEASE NOTE: The hash seed is sensitive information. Hashes are randomized to protect against local and remote attacks against Perl code. By manually setting a seed, this protection may be partially or completely lost.
See "Algorithmic Complexity Attacks" in perlsec, "PERL_PERTURB_KEYS", and "PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG" for more information.
(Since Perl 5.18.0) Set to "0"
or "NO"
then traversing keys will be repeatable from run to run for the same PERL_HASH_SEED
. Insertion into a hash will not change the order, except to provide for more space in the hash. When combined with setting PERL_HASH_SEED this mode is as close to pre 5.18 behavior as you can get.
When set to "1"
or "RANDOM"
then traversing keys will be randomized. Every time a hash is inserted into the key order will change in a random fashion. The order may not be repeatable in a following program run even if the PERL_HASH_SEED has been specified. This is the default mode for perl when no PERL_HASH_SEED has been explicitly provided.
When set to "2"
or "DETERMINISTIC"
then inserting keys into a hash will cause the key order to change, but in a way that is repeatable from program run to program run, provided that the same hash seed is used, and that the code does not itself perform any non-deterministic operations and also provided exactly the same environment context. Adding or removing an environment variable may and likely will change the key order. If any part of the code builds a hash using non- deterministic keys, for instance a hash keyed by the stringified form of a reference, or the address of the objects it contains, then this may and likely will have a global effect on the key order of *every* hash in the process. To work properly this setting MUST be coupled with the PERL_HASH_SEED to produce deterministic results, and in fact, if you do set the PERL_HASH_SEED
explicitly you do not need to set this as well, it will be automatically set to this mode.
NOTE: Use of this option is considered insecure, and is intended only for debugging non-deterministic behavior in Perl's hash function. Do not use it in production.
See "Algorithmic Complexity Attacks" in perlsec and "PERL_HASH_SEED" and "PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG" for more information. You can get and set the key traversal mask for a specific hash by using the hash_traversal_mask()
function from Hash::Util.
(Since Perl 5.8.1.) Set to "1"
to display (to STDERR) information about the hash function, seed, and what type of key traversal randomization is in effect at the beginning of execution. This, combined with "PERL_HASH_SEED" and "PERL_PERTURB_KEYS" is intended to aid in debugging nondeterministic behaviour caused by hash randomization.
Note that any information about the hash function, especially the hash seed is sensitive information: by knowing it, one can craft a denial-of-service attack against Perl code, even remotely; see "Algorithmic Complexity Attacks" in perlsec for more information. Do not disclose the hash seed to people who don't need to know it. See also hash_seed()
and hash_traversal_mask()
An example output might be:
HASH_FUNCTION = ONE_AT_A_TIME_HARD HASH_SEED = 0x652e9b9349a7a032 PERTURB_KEYS = 1 (RANDOM)
If your Perl was configured with -Accflags=-DPERL_MEM_LOG, setting the environment variable PERL_MEM_LOG
enables logging debug messages. The value has the form <number>[m][s][t]
, where number
is the file descriptor number you want to write to (2 is default), and the combination of letters specifies that you want information about (m)emory and/or (s)v, optionally with (t)imestamps. For example, PERL_MEM_LOG=1mst
logs all information to stdout. You can write to other opened file descriptors in a variety of ways:
$ 3>foo3 PERL_MEM_LOG=3m perl ...
A translation-concealed rooted logical name that contains Perl and the logical device for the @INC path on VMS only. Other logical names that affect Perl on VMS include PERLSHR, PERL_ENV_TABLES, and SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL, but are optional and discussed further in perlvms and in README.vms in the Perl source distribution.
Available in Perls 5.8.1 and later. If set to "unsafe"
, the pre-Perl-5.8.0 signal behaviour (which is immediate but unsafe) is restored. If set to safe
, then safe (but deferred) signals are used. See "Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)" in perlipc.
Equivalent to the -C command-line switch. Note that this is not a boolean variable. Setting this to "1"
is not the right way to "enable Unicode" (whatever that would mean). You can use "0"
to "disable Unicode", though (or alternatively unset PERL_UNICODE in your shell before starting Perl). See the description of the -C switch for more information.
If perl has been configured to not have the current directory in @INC
by default, this variable can be set to "1"
to reinstate it. It's primarily intended for use while building and testing modules that have not been updated to deal with "." not being in @INC
and should not be set in the environment for day-to-day use.
Used if chdir has no argument and "HOME" and "LOGDIR" are not set.
Set to a non-negative integer to seed the random number generator used internally by perl for a variety of purposes.
Ignored if perl is run setuid or setgid. Used only for some limited startup randomization (hash keys) if -T
or -t
perl is started with tainting enabled.
Perl may be built to ignore this variable.
Perl also has environment variables that control how Perl handles data specific to particular natural languages; see perllocale.
Perl and its various modules and components, including its test frameworks, may sometimes make use of certain other environment variables. Some of these are specific to a particular platform. Please consult the appropriate module documentation and any documentation for your platform (like perlsolaris, perllinux, perlmacosx, perlwin32, etc) for variables peculiar to those specific situations.
Perl makes all environment variables available to the program being executed, and passes these along to any child processes it starts. However, programs running setuid would do well to execute the following lines before doing anything else, just to keep people honest:
$ENV{PATH} = "/bin:/usr/bin"; # or whatever you need
$ENV{SHELL} = "/bin/sh" if exists $ENV{SHELL};
delete @ENV{qw(IFS CDPATH ENV BASH_ENV)};
Some options, in particular -I
and PERL5OPT
can interact, and the order in which they are applied is important.
Note that this section does not document what actually happens inside the perl interpreter, it documents what effectively happens.
The effect of multiple -I
options is to unshift
them onto @INC
from right to left. So for example:
perl -I 1 -I 2 -I 3
will first prepend 3
onto the front of @INC
, then prepend 2
, and then prepend 1
. The result is that @INC
begins with:
qw(1 2 3)
Multiple -M
options are processed from left to right. So this:
perl -Mlib=1 -Mlib=2 -Mlib=3
will first use the lib pragma to prepend 1
to @INC
, then it will prepend 2
, then it will prepend 3
, resulting in an @INC
that begins with:
qw(3 2 1)
This contains a list of directories, separated by colons. The entire list is prepended to @INC
in one go. This:
PERL5LIB=1:2:3 perl
will result in an @INC
that begins with:
qw(1 2 3)
is applied first, then all the -I
arguments, then all the -M
arguments. This:
PERL5LIB=e1:e2 perl -I i1 -Mlib=m1 -I i2 -Mlib=m2
will result in an @INC
that begins with:
qw(m2 m1 i1 i2 e1 e2)
This contains a space separated list of switches. We only consider the effects of -M
and -I
in this section.
After normal processing of -I
switches from the command line, all the -I
switches in PERL5OPT
are extracted. They are processed from left to right instead of from right to left. Also note that while whitespace is allowed between a -I
and its directory on the command line, it is not allowed in PERL5OPT
After normal processing of -M
switches from the command line, all the -M
switches in PERL5OPT
are extracted. They are processed from left to right, i.e. the same as those on the command line.
An example may make this clearer:
export PERL5OPT="-Mlib=optm1 -Iopti1 -Mlib=optm2 -Iopti2"
export PERL5LIB=e1:e2
perl -I i1 -Mlib=m1 -I i2 -Mlib=m2
will result in an @INC
that begins with:
There are some complications that are ignored in the examples above:


text:
Job Description
Join our warehouse team in Ketchikan, AK, as a Part-time Stocker and play a crucial role in delivering the exceptional service that keeps our customers coming back with love.
You will collaborate with dedicated individuals at warehouse environment that encourages skill development and career advancement. Apply Warehouse jobs in Ketchikan, AK, and join us today.
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Other jobs you may like
Hiring Part-time Warehouse Stocker in Portales
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Detent Kit #346-9149-026
Jerr-Dan Detent Kit #346-9149-026.
Note: This is a special order product. To order, please add to cart and check out, and we'll begin the process of ordering this custom part for you. We'll be in touch with pricing and shipping times after your request is submitted to us. We will follow up by phone to confirm shipping and pricing info before proceeding. If you have any questions please call 1-877-426-2333.


text:
Tuesday, March 27, 2012
weekend review {St. George}
71 comments:
- Kara Renee said...
The tree kind of looks like a crepe myrtle, but it's hard to tell! Be careful when buying colored skinnies. It's hard to stop once you've started. I love your color! Yay Five Guys! I've been craving them forever now. Glad you had a great "weekend!"
- March 27, 2012 at 7:02 AM
- Carlie said...
I love your skinnies!
The good thing about your weekend being Mon and Tues is you missed the crowd for the Hunger Games Movie! haha =) - March 27, 2012 at 7:19 AM
- Christy said...
I totally sneak candy into the movies! You would be crazy to pay those theater prices!!! :) We loved Hunger Games, too!
- March 27, 2012 at 7:25 AM
- eas said...
That tree is beautiful and now I'm craving Five Guys!
- March 27, 2012 at 7:39 AM
- Ashlee @ ashleenikol.com said...
The tree reminds me of the Redbuds here in Kentucky. They are blooming now and so pretty. Your colored skinnies are really cute! Can't wait for their post :)
- March 27, 2012 at 7:50 AM
- Amber said...
I am guessing crepe myrtle...I love your hair! So pretty!
- March 27, 2012 at 7:51 AM
- Alyx said...
I'm so loving your pants!!
And I'm glad you liked HG!!! - March 27, 2012 at 8:02 AM
- m+b said...
cute, cute pants!
- March 27, 2012 at 8:02 AM
- jessica said...
i want some five guys now like so bad!
looking forward to reading bout those colored skinnies! i wanna get myself a peach pair. - March 27, 2012 at 8:05 AM
Love your outfit! Don't feel bad about wearing them 2 days in a row, I wear my jeans a few times before I wash them to prevent them from stretching out.
- March 27, 2012 at 8:17 AM
- Andrea D said...
Sorry your weekend has been hijacked! But it might actually be more fun to have your free days on Monday and Tuesday for awhile...no lines at the movie theater, right?!
Happy Tuesday!
Left brain, right brain, pug brain. - March 27, 2012 at 8:23 AM
- My Happily Ever After said...
Your colored pants are so cute! I don't know if I could pull them off, would definitely be out of my comfort zone. Maybe after this baby when I lose all the baby weight I will get brave! ;) we are going to hunger games wednesday and I can't wait!
- March 27, 2012 at 8:33 AM
- Brianna said...
Love your putt putt outfit! :) and that photo of you two smiling sitting down for lunch, :)
- March 27, 2012 at 8:34 AM
- lori said...
love your outfit!!! those skinnies are so cute. and i love the bow top!
- March 27, 2012 at 8:37 AM
- Erin said...
Seeing a movie on a weekday is probably GREAT for a huge, new movie! Less crowds and less silly 14 year old girls (like the ones who were in our Friday night viewing of Hunger Games!)
You are ROCKING those skinnies, missy! Super cute outfit!!! - March 27, 2012 at 8:41 AM
- Whitney Leigh said...
I NEED some colored skinnies! I love that color! annnd I love the last picture. haha story of my life.
- March 27, 2012 at 8:50 AM
- Natalie said...
I so want to jump on the colored skinnies bandwagon! My husband has had a crappy work schedule for months and just announced that his new days are Tuesday and Wednesday so our "weekends" will be much different now!
- March 27, 2012 at 9:06 AM
- Suget said...
having 2 days off is a weekend!! I want like 4 days off haha
Anyway, your skinnies look cute and I love the last photo haha Hunger Games was so good. I cried like twice, just a little haha - March 27, 2012 at 9:26 AM
- Kylie said...
1.I love that outfit! I haven't been brave enough to buy colored skinnies yet...let's be honest, I just barely got brave enough to buy normal ones like 4 months ago.
2.That top is so cute.
3.I live for weekends, too!
4.Love 5 guys fries :) They just built one here in Flagstaff. - March 27, 2012 at 9:31 AM
- Jessica said...
I just saw the Hunger Games on Sunday, it was awesome!! Oh, and my boyfriend's favorite aisle in Target is the Lego one, hahaha. ;)
xx Jessica
P.S. I love your colored skinnies! - March 27, 2012 at 9:33 AM
- Pamela said...
Love the skinnies!! I think I am too scared to even attempt them, ha! I might just stick with colored shorts for now! I totally took Fruit Gushers & Cheetos Friday night with us to see the movie, ha! :)
- March 27, 2012 at 9:34 AM
- Jenna said...
I honestly don't know the last time I didn't sneak candy into the theatre! I actually sneak in a 20oz pop as well. The prices are ridiculous! You're already paying an arm and a leg to get in...I just can't rationalize it!
- March 27, 2012 at 9:36 AM
- Amanda said...
That food looks amazing! And I love all the toy aisles in Target. On the bright side, at least your weekends are during time when people are working so there aren't crowds when you try to do things!
- March 27, 2012 at 9:43 AM
- Our Journey Through This Lovely Life said...
Cute pics! & Funny that is my husbands favorite aisle in ANY store lol!! Have a lovely week :)
- March 27, 2012 at 10:18 AM
- Amanda said...
I'm going to see the Hunger Games in Friday! Can't wait! Love the last picture :)
- March 27, 2012 at 10:24 AM
- Miranda said...
Yeah!!--I loved Hunger Games, too.
You are in my stomping grounds, I just know it!!
Love your outfit, absolutely adorable!! - March 27, 2012 at 10:30 AM
- That Girl said...
We're going to see Hunger Games on Thursday - I've never read the series, but my husband did and is skipping work to see the movie!
- March 27, 2012 at 10:31 AM
- Brissa said...
hunger games!!! amirite?!?!?!? saint geezy looks lovely this time of year. i'm in desperate need of some REAL sunshine and warmth. i'm glad you had a fun "weekend"!
- March 27, 2012 at 10:59 AM
- Chandra said...
gotta love a girl who can sneak in jelly beans to a movie! enjoy your time with your honey! nothings better than time spent together at home:D
- March 27, 2012 at 11:28 AM
- monster cakes said...
SO glad you saw it. So so so glad. Just knowing you've seen it makes me happy inside. haha
ps. I sent a tiny somethin' your way to make you smile. I hope it gets there this week! It's tiny, so don't get too excited... haha - March 27, 2012 at 11:30 AM
- Shaylynn... a girl, a story, a blog said...
Guesss friggin' what..
They searched my purse at Stadium 10 in St. George.. TRUE STORY. You lucked out. They steal your candy and set it aside until your movie is over. Can you believe it? Can you. Can you.
Oh 5 guys, oh the blossoming trees. I love them. - March 27, 2012 at 11:39 AM
- Talia said...
hahahaha I LOVE the last picture! So glad you shared that. Too funny. :)
And wow, that is a beautiful tree! The purple/pink color is amazing!!
I'm glad to hear you're getting to spend time with your hubby. Looks like you had fun too! - March 27, 2012 at 11:43 AM
- The Salty Mermaid said...
I love sneaking candy into the movies to. We have a great drive in theater here - I take popped popcorn and everything ;D
- March 27, 2012 at 11:57 AM
- Laurie @ Stylin Savanna said...
looooove those pants girl! you know how obsessed I am with colored jeans right now! and that tress is awesome! love the pink blooms. but I'm horrible with stuff like that and have no idea what kinda tree it is!
- March 27, 2012 at 12:13 PM
- Tiffany said...
Hahaha!! I love that last picture!
You're so cute in your colored skinnies! If I were like four sizes smaller, I might sneak into your closet and steal them. =) - March 27, 2012 at 12:16 PM
- Katie said...
I swear the blog world is taunting me for STILL not having read the Hunger Games! :) Hope you enjoy the rest of your 'weekend'!!
- March 27, 2012 at 1:01 PM
- Holly said...
Gahhh I want to see HG sooo back!!! Love your outfit with the colored skinnies! Mmmm def love me some Five Guys :)
- March 27, 2012 at 1:03 PM
- Shauna said...
Dont we bring candy in? Glad to know Im not the only one. Love your skinnies, and what a fun color ;)
- March 27, 2012 at 1:38 PM
- Heather said...
Its a Red Bud tree. I know this cause I am from the beautiful town of Red Bud and we have them on every available inch of ground in our town.
Thanks for following!! - March 27, 2012 at 2:13 PM
- Ashley said...
Yay! Hunger Games.
Yum! Five Guys Burgers and Fries.
Hurray! Colored skinny jeans. (: - March 27, 2012 at 3:13 PM
- Whitney said...
Hunger games I thought was amazing! Loved being able to see what I had been envisioning in my mind come to life! And I need to get on the spring trend and get some colored skinnies, they are so cute.
Whitney - March 27, 2012 at 3:32 PM
- Cami said...
Oh my. Your teal skinnies are SO CUTE!!! Seriously.
You are such a cutie pie!
Glad you liked the movie - I did too :) - March 27, 2012 at 3:50 PM
- Chrissy + Nate said...
Hunger Games is SO GOOD! And I snuck in candy too, haha! Such a cute outfit with those skinnies!
- March 27, 2012 at 4:11 PM
- Julie said...
What a fun "weekend"!! I love the last picture, sometimes the candids are the best! We saw Hunger Games on Sunday and I loved it, a little much for my 5th graders who are enjoying the book though with all of the killing : /
Glad you and hubby had a great one :) - March 27, 2012 at 4:15 PM
- Antoinette Musik said...
Courtney, your posts always brighten my day! Looks like a fabulous weekend with your hubby. I LOVE your coloured skinnies! I reeally want a pair in pink! I know i've told you this before but i'm loving your new camera.
- March 27, 2012 at 5:38 PM
- Gentri said...
hahaha! LOVE that last shot. Such a good one. :) You look GORGEOUS in those skinnies! SO glad you bought them. :) What a fantastic weekend you had! And yes, The Hunger Games= PERFECTION!
- March 27, 2012 at 5:59 PM
- Katy said...
The colored skinnies are so cute! I haven't been brave enough to try a pair (yet). Weekends with husbands are the best, no matter what day(s) your weekend falls on!
- March 27, 2012 at 6:26 PM
I LOVE THIS you 2 are so cute together!!
- March 27, 2012 at 6:52 PM
Awww! You guys look adorable! And I just loooove those pants!! You pull them off very well!! I am jelly!!
- March 27, 2012 at 7:20 PM
- Haley said...
Oh my gosh I LOVE your pants!! Can't wait for the post on them to hear wear you got them!
- March 27, 2012 at 8:08 PM
- Liesl said...
1. You are too cute!
2. You are rockin' the colored jeans!
3. I want a fry!
...loved this! :) - March 27, 2012 at 8:12 PM
- Charissa Steyn said...
fun days with hubby are always the best! I don't think I can ever get enough of them :)
- March 28, 2012 at 12:22 AM
- Unknown said...
i loved hunger games to! so good! i always bring my own candy, that's why i love having such a big purse. fits more goodies. haha.
i got a new pair of jeans the other week and i've pretty much worn them every day. oh well. they are comfy.
my husbands favorite aisle is the hot wheels aisle too. he always comes home from the store with 2 or 3 new cars. he isn't alound to go shopping with out me any more. - March 28, 2012 at 10:51 AM
- Keri said...
I think that tree might be a Redbud? We have one in our front yard! And our "weekend" is Monday/Tuesday too!! We kind of like it...especially when all our kids will be in school...a whole day just the two of us?! YES PLEASE! :)
You rock those green skinnies, girl! - March 28, 2012 at 11:33 AM
- Kell said...
This makes me miss St George so much. I love 5 Guys!
- March 28, 2012 at 11:51 AM
- Liz said...
I love those skinny jeans!!! Awesome color!!
- March 28, 2012 at 12:09 PM
- Sam said...
I love your teal skinnies!! I just got a red pair today :)
- March 28, 2012 at 2:17 PM
- Kelly { MessyDirtyHair } said...
love your colored skinnies w/ the sparkly toms! fab!! great photos! and i sneek in candy alllll the time to the movies muahahhaa
xx Kelly
www.MessyDirtyHair.com - March 28, 2012 at 2:17 PM
- :: ashley :: said...
hahahahah! oh poop stories, i have lots of those too- that make shift diaper is BOSS> ps your outfit it to die for! way freakin cute
- March 28, 2012 at 4:54 PM
- Bree said...
I LOVE your colored skinny jeans!! I need to be brave and buy some! You rock them court!! :)
- March 28, 2012 at 6:43 PM
- lovers letters said...
hello! love your blog, just found it and i'm a new reader! hunger games, sneaking in treats, and your skinnies are all favorites of mine. you are darling. feel free stop by! xo
- March 29, 2012 at 12:42 PM
- Lauren Vanderberg said...
just found your blog :) lovin your hair and pants in this post! have yet to see hunger games.
- March 29, 2012 at 12:47 PM
- Shelley said...
You guys are too cute! And I also just read the poop story. Hilarious!! Seriously though, poop gets everywhere. You remember my church story right? And just last night I got the bath ready for Emily, put her on the couch to take her clothes off, and saw poop all over where she was put down. She had exploded. Then I had to find something to put her down on while I wiped off the couch, she rolled around (cuz she can do that now...) and got poop all over her foot, leg, me...anyway!! Poop is gross but you gotta deal with it, haha!!
- March 29, 2012 at 1:04 PM
- Kasey Lynne said...
You look great in skinny jeans girlfriend! And I really like that color. Is it a teal/green?
YAY for seeing Hunger Games...it was SOOOOOO good. I want to go see it again for sure!!
Sorry about the crappy days off :( - March 29, 2012 at 1:12 PM
- Rolled Up Pretty said...
LOVE your green pants, SO CUTE! Did you love Hunger Games? I thought it was really good. I don't think they could have picked anyone cuter than the actress who played Katniss!
- March 29, 2012 at 2:47 PM
- Shay said...
Court, you look SO CUTE in those colored skinnies, seriously! And I think I need whatever food that is in that last picture- yummy!
- March 29, 2012 at 8:02 PM
- Unknown said...
M and M's and butterfinger? I want.
- March 30, 2012 at 8:38 PM
- Crazy Shenanigans-JMO said...
I totally love The Hunger Games!!! I'm glad you loved it too. I totally have that same shirt!
- April 4, 2012 at 8:36 PM
- Tiffany said...
Y'all are too cute.
- April 5, 2012 at 8:53 PM
- Melissa said...
That tree is DEFINITELY a Red Bud tree!! I grew up in a small town called Red Bud and they were everywhere.
They're beautiful!!!
Love your blog!
...newest follower -----> Me!! - April 9, 2012 at 7:37 AM
- Lizzie said...
Oh my, you two are so stinkin adorable...what a cute blog :)
Also, YAY for Five Guys....sooo delish!
placeclevertitlehere.blogspot.com - April 15, 2012 at 9:04 PM


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Sagnier Cord Bracelet
- Stock: In Stock
- Brand: Toolittle
- Product Code: wb202670
Available Options
Handmade bracelet with gold-plated parts
- High quality cord
- 24K gold-plating
- Adjustable closure
- Hypoallergenic, Nickel-free/ Pb-free/ Lead-free materials
- Handmade in Greece
- Avoid contact with water, especially for jewelry made of leather. In case they get wet, dry them immediately with a soft cloth.- Avoid contact with perfumes and essential oils, makeup or acetone. Metal-plated items may be altered upon contact with such substances.
- Clean your jewelry by rubbing it with a soft cloth and make sure you wear it on a regular basis, to avoid alterations in the normalization and hardening of the leather elements.
- When you are not wearing them, make sure that the place where you store them is not exposed to sun or moisture.
Cotton scarves, pashminas, kaftans
- When you are not wearing them, make sure that the place where you store them is not exposed to sun or moisture.
Decor items
- Follow the instructions on the product packaging. Not all products are suitable for microwave oven or dishwasher.
- Try to wash reusable bamboo mugs immediately after use to avoid discoloration and odors.
- Do not allow the use of fragile / sharp objects by young children.
Shipping methods
- Within Greece, shipments are made with courier services - Easy Mail, ACS courier, ΕΛTA courier, Box Now - choosing each period of the year the company that we think will serve you faster. If you wish to use with a specific courier company from the aforementioned, please let us know in the comments of your order.
- All international shipments are made with DHL - express or economy.
- The time to prepare an order is 0 - 4 calendar days, depending on the type and time of year. In case you need your order urgently, please note it in the comments so we can do our best to deliver it to you as soon as possible.
Product returns and money refund
- After receiving the product, you can return it within fourteen (14) calendar days, without incurring any costs, except for the return costs. Within 14 days of receiving the product you must have started the return process by delivering the products to the courier company or directly to us (time to complete the process is not counted). Return costs are payed by the customer, unless it is our company's error, defective or damaged product.
- The money refund process starts as soon as we receive the returned product. From the moment we start the refund it will take up to 1 week to see the money in your account or on your card (depending on the bank and card).


text:
We assist. We design. We set standards.
Our areas of expertise:
- development of competence-oriented qualifications
- training tools (training guidelines, checklists)
- web portal related to apprenticeship training: www.qualitaet-lehre.at
- aptitude tests for selecting apprentices: www.auswahlhilfe.at
- state prize "Best training companies – Fit for future": www.ibw.at/fitforfuture
- quality assurance for the apprenticeship-leave exam
- clearing office: review of all examination assignments in terms of content and didactics
- compilation of examples of exams
- learning material for apprentices: www.lap.at
- manuals and curriculum for examiners
- certified examiner curriculum
- NQF expertise


text:
Marvellous May Event 2025
School of Homeopathy's
Marvellous May Event 2025
Multi-Dimensional Homeopathy
10th - 11th May 2024 - £180.00
Dinesh Chauhan
The event is being held in person at the School of Homeopathy in Stroud and online via Zoom. It will also be recorded so if you can not come to the live event you can watch it afterwards. The recordings will be available a few days after the event and then for 30 days.
Packing & delivery is calculated automatically to give the most economical delivery method. We work closely with our postage partners to try and ensure you always get the best price. We do not mark-up out post & packing rates.
Estimated delivery times
If you need your order quickly please contact us and we will always do our best to get it to you as fast as possible.
Estimated delivery time for a UK order is 3 - 4 working days.
North America
Estimated delivery time for an order to North America is 7 - 14 working days.
Estimated delivery time for an order to Europe is 4 - 10 working days by normal post.
Far East, Australia & New Zealand
Estimated delivery time for an order to the Far East, Australia & New Zealand is 10 - 21 working days.
South America
Estimated delivery time for an order to South America is 10 - 21 working days.
Middle East & Africa
Estimated delivery time for an order to the Middle East & Africa is 10 - 21 working days.
Cancellations, Returns and Refunds
Thank you for ordering with The School of Health and/or the School of Homeopathy. We hope you love your course and products as much as we do, and that you are entirely satisfied with your purchase. Should you need to cancel or return any items to us please carefully follow the guidelines below.
Refund & returns policy
We offer a 14-day full money back guarantee on most items purchased from us (in line with UK & EU regulation), and the possibility of a 3-month partial refund policy on home study courses.
Within 14 days: full refund (all items except digital services)
We can accept return of unwanted items above the value of £42 and cancellation of home study courses, in line with our refund policy, provided you have not accessed or downloaded any content from the Online Learning System and the goods are completely unused. Please contact us in the first instance, in writing, within 14 days after receiving the goods. You then have 14 days to return the goods, following these steps:
Digital goods and services
Please be aware that, as soon as you download, access or stream content from the Online Learning System, you will lose your right to the 14-day right to cancel the course. Due to the nature of digital goods, and in line with UK & EU legislation, we do not accept returns for: CDs, DVDs and Data discs. In the case of distance learning courses supplied electronically, you must not download or stream any course material during the 14-day cancellation period, as you will not have the right to change your mind and cancel your enrolment after you have downloaded or streamed the course.
What to do:
STEP 1: Start off by sending us an email or letter within 14 days of receiving the items stating your wish to cancel your order and we will send you a Cancellation Form. Please do not send anything back without first hearing from us and receiving our Returns Cancellation Form.
STEP 2: Materials need to be returned within 14 days from receiving the Returns Cancellation Form. All returned items must be received by us in perfect condition with the packaging un-opened and the goods unused. This will probably require you to add new/extra packaging and you will need to cover the costs of returning the goods. Please use a recorded delivery service, as we cannot be held responsible for non-delivery of returned items. We will refund the price of the goods once they have been received and checked and the amount relates to the fees applied at the time of purchase. Please do not send items back without contacting us first or they cannot be accepted. We will refund the price of the goods plus UK mainland standard delivery fees. The cost of posting a package to an address outside of the UK mainland will not be refundable.
Within 3 months: partial refund (for home study courses only)
Beyond the 14-day period, if you wish to withdraw from your course for good reason, a partial refund may be granted if you purchased the course with tutor marking, are still inside the three-month period and have not submitted work to your tutor for marking. Please bear in mind that this is not a given statutory right and we offer this possibility in the spirit of good will. In the first instance, we will do all we can to understand your problem and offer help to see if there is a good way forward - we find a lot can be gained through having this conversation. If all the above criteria have been met and we agree that you have good reason to withdraw, then a partial refund for the tutor marking element of the course may be granted. The tutor marking amount equates to 40% of the course fee excluding registration and any digital goods that have been accessed.
What to do:
STEP 1: Start off by sending us an email or letter within 3 months of receiving the course, stating your wish to withdraw from the course and giving your reasons. Please do not send anything back to us, as we cannot accept returned materials after the 14 day cooling-off period.
STEP 2: The Course Manager will then contact you to discuss the issues you have raised and together you will see if you can find a good way forwards. Quite often, a new student will have worries or problems that can be helped with some care and attention and our team are here to do all they can to support and assist in helping you to get settled in and off to a good start.
STEP 3: If both parties agree that there is no resolution to the issues raised, then a partial refund may be granted. The maximum amount that can be refunded is 40% of the course fee excluding registration and any digital goods that have been used and the Course Manager will advise about this.
Attendance course
Places are limited on the Attendance Course and, when you enrol, you are making a commitment to pay the annual fees in full. This commitment applies whether you are paying in full beforehand or by monthly instalments. Fees must be paid up in full before the end of the academic year in order to move into the next year of study. A refund will only be considered in the case of certain unforeseeable circumstances, such as bereavement, pregnancy and moving overseas, and at the discretion of the directors. Anyone who chooses to leave midway through the year will be required to pay the outstanding balance of the annual fee when they leave, and will be required to re-join that year group upon return to the School.
- 4 or more weeks notice – We can give a 50% refund or reschedule.
- 2-4 weeks notice – We can give a 25% refund and maybe reschedule.
- Less than 2 weeks – There is no refund offered with no obligation to reschedule your course date.
You can reschedule once and only to a course that takes place within 12 months of your original booking. Rescheduling an event will incur a £15 admin fee.
Cancellation of an Event
Occasionally there may be insufficient numbers of students to allow a training day to proceed, and if this happens the following procedure will take place:
- Notice will be given by email and a telephone call at least 5 days before the course start date.
- Students will be given the opportunity to reschedule their course to another date. You can only reschedule once and only to a course that takes place within 12 months of your original booking.
- If there is no convenient date for rescheduling then students will be fully reimbursed.
- We cannot compensate for any travel or accommodation costs incurred.
Faulty Items
Should you receive any items that are damaged please write or email us within 14 days and we will advise about how to proceed. Please provide as much information as possible when contacting us, including your order number, email and a daytime contact number in case we should need to call you.
Contact us
Email: email@example.com
Phone: + 44 (0)1453 709 709
Admin Office: Orchard Leigh, Rodborough Hill, Stroud, Gloucestershire, Stroud, GL5 3SS
Any questions
If you need help with anything at all, please contact us and one of the team will be happy to assist.
Thank you


text:
Website Search
Find information on spaces, staff, and services.
Find information on spaces, staff, and services.
The History of Science and Technology Collection brings together in digital facsimile two categories of primary and secondary publications:
This compilation (including design, introductory text, organization, and descriptive material) is copyrighted by University of Wisconsin System Board of Regents.
This copyright is independent of any copyright on specific items within the collection. Because the University of Wisconsin Libraries generally do not own the rights to materials in these collections, please consult copyright or ownership information provided with individual items.
Images, text, or other content downloaded from the collection may be freely used for non-profit educational and research purposes, or any other use falling within the purview of "Fair Use".
In all other cases, please consult the terms provided with the item, or contact the Libraries.


text:
Boost Your Property's Value with Electrical Retrofitting
You love your property, but it's old, and you suspect there may be some problems with the electrical system. You're not alone—many of the old buildings in town simply aren't equipped to handle the electrical output that they are subjected to.
Our skilled team can update your property to be fully compliant with all of the latest requirements for safety, while also helping reduce your monthly bills by creating an electrical sypstem that is much more efficient.
Experienced Electricians to Analyze the Situation
It's easy to not pay too close attention to what's hidden behind the walls of your home or office, but staying with an outdated electrical system can cause serious problems, not to mention rack up a hefty bill month after month. Older systems aren't as efficient as current models, so if your wiring is out of date it's likely you're paying more per month than you should be. Eaton Electric is highly experienced in the retrofitting of electrical systems big and small, and can transform your current system into something that works better and saves you money.
Why Is Retrofitting Important?
Even if the lights still come on when you flick the switch, it's possible that the wiring in your home is outdated and unsafe. Placing too much stress on an old electrical system increases the risk of it overheating, potentially causing a fire or other severe damage.
Thankfully, this is a problem easily solved by retrofitting. While it may be a lengthy process, electrical retrofitting is a necessary part of correcting an old system, and when handled by the professionals at Eaton Electric it can add immense value to your home.
How Does Electrical Retrofitting Work?
The first step in the retrofitting process is to careful inspect every inch of your electrical system, taking note of anything that needs updating. From there, we can provide you with a quote for the retrofitting process. Our rates are highly competitive, making us one of the most affordable companies in town for retrofitting work.
Once we get to work on the retrofitting, we'll replace everything from the lighting fixtures to the wiring, swapping them out for new, energy efficient technologies that are in line with current safety standards. In doing so, not only do we ensure your system is able to handle high levels of energy output, but we also enhance your property's value with the addition of greener systems. It's a win-win for you!


text:
The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Internet Data exchange ("IDX") program of the Indiana Regional MLS®. IDX information is provided exclusively for consumers' personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. Data is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed accurate by the MLS.
Updated:25th July, 2024 4:21 AM (UTC).


text:
'The Little Rascals' Cast, Then and Now
Check out how Spanky, Alfalfa and Buckwheat look, 19 years after 'The Little Rascals.'
The lovable update of the TV classic 'Our Gang' is nearly two decades old now, and its once-youthful cast is, as they say, all growed up now. Like those kids from 'The Goonies' and 'Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory,' these actors have aged gracefully. Take a look, see how nice it is to catch up with old friends.


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The Technology Behind Cryptocurrency Will Do Much More In Time.
There are enough new technologies today that it can be hard to keep up with all of them. One technology that is leaving a lasting mark is blockchain. The technology behind the ever-popular cryptocurrency Bitcoin (and every other cryptocurrency), is quickly becoming a household name. Here is a brief look into blockchain technology, how it works, and what kind of innovations businesses can use to make it work for them
What is a Blockchain?
A blockchain is a public ledger system that allows for transparent, secure, and efficient data exchange. A blockchain network is made up of nodes, which are distributed servers of information. Unlike the standard database, all the data that makes up a blockchain are stored in these nodes and spread out . They can accept and process a data transaction from any other node. In doing so, each node shares information about incoming transactions with all the other nodes on the blockchain.
Since this structure follows what is known as a consensus and validation method, any transaction will not process until a majority of the nodes agree on the proposed transaction. If the transaction fails, it will be sent out again until consensus is reached that allows the transaction to complete. If one is never reached, the transaction essentially fails. The graphic below can help you understand a monetary transaction using blockchain technology.
The inherent transparency coupled with the direct exchange provides the most secure construct possible, while leaving a very honest and upfront history of the transactions that have taken place.
How Will Businesses Use Blockchain?
Blockchain technology was created to keep data secure, but there will be several ways that any business can utilize blockchain technology in the future. Some of them include:
- Data sharing - The decentralized framework of a blockchain provides organizations a secure and reliable platform in which to send and receive data. Industries that deal in personally identifiable information such as healthcare, law, and finance can really take advantage of this technology.
- Shipping - Since administrators have a cumulative management of the flow of data with blockchain, each transaction is reliably stored so that both parties have transparent access.
- Cloud storage - Since so much of the storage space made available to users remains unused, a blockchain-based token system can provide organizations of all sizes the secure and reliable cloud storage platform that is cost effective.
- Access control and processing - Setting up a token-based system, you can streamline access due to the inherent security and reliability of the blockchain.
- Payment - The faster information moves, the more viable blockchain-based systems will be for processing traditional payments. Blockchain-based payment constructs have the potential to process billions of error-less transactions per day.
- Supply chain management - Knowing the value of the resources a manufacturer needs to successfully create its products will allow businesses to cut their costs, and improve their procurement process.
- Smart contracts - The ability to set up binding contracts using blockchain-based software is coming. These smart contracts could conceivably store this information on the blockchain, removing any doubt who is expecting what out of a relationship.
As you can see, blockchain technology is one of the most powerful innovations that have come along since the whole world went digital. It is only a matter of time before we are all using blockchain-based systems to replace some of the less reliable systems we have today.
The whole IT industry is talking about blockchain technology. If you would like to know more about technology in general, or how blockchain works, give us a call at (504) 840-9800 ext. 105.


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3.8 average based on 20 reviews.
Kapruka Customers Who Bought This Item Also Ordered
Why shop at Kapruka for Kids Toys
At some point in our lives we dressed up as teachers or donned on a stethoscope around our necks and pretended to be doctors. If not, we probably chased behind a remote controlled car and maneuvered it skillfully to dodge the furniture in the house or maybe made sandcastles in the back garden since the beach was too far away. If you want to relive those experiences or make a little heart happy with some toys, step in to the e-commerce site of Kapruka and find a host of educational toys, electronic toys, soft toys, games and sports items.
The general inclination when it comes to gift giving is to spend the least amount of time procuring the goods, thanks to the online shopping option from Kapruka your shopping time is halved and since there is island wide delivery, the headache of collection is also looked after. You can easily surprise your own offspring or children of friends and family in Sri Lanka with a little help from Kapruka. May it be a birthday or little achievement or it could just be to keep the broad toothy smiles on their faces; the children's toys available on Kapruka promise to be a treat for the recipient. The invitation to shop online for kid's toys is not a luring in to pay high prices at all, in fact the online price of these is an improvement from the prices paid for at the store.
The range of educational toys at Kapruka will help kids to start counting, naming the letters, converting their squiggles in to legible writing and having fun while they sharpen their minds. The soft toys are the best play mates who would amiably sit by the kids throughout the day and then be cuddled before the kids fall asleep at night. Tiny cars and bicycles that can be driven or ridden, fire trucks that can be pushed around and police cars with blaring sirens would make any kid the envy of all counterparts and they usually play with these toys with pride.
Playing helps children think creatively and logically, many don't encourage children to play for long hours as it causes a distraction, yet when geared with the correct toys and implements, any playground could be a great classroom. Add some sunshine to a child's life with a gift from Kapruka and watch while they blossom.


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Queen's University. Office of the Hannah Chair History of Medicine.
- Fonds
- 1980-2007
The fonds consists of moving image recordings of the various Hannah Happenings that have occurred over the years. Also includes a complete transcription of a series of interviews with Professor Charles R. Roland, covering his life and career in medicine, conducted by Dr. Jacalyn M. Duffin, Hannah Chair, Queen's University at Kingston and Dr. Paul Potter, Hannah Chair, University of Western Ontario.
Queen's University. Office of the Hannah Chair History of Medicine


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Park Tool's Event Stand is a versatile, stable, multi-purpose storage rack built to hold up to twelve bikes by the nose of the saddle. Perfect for events, races, or sidewalk storage, the ES-1 disassembles and folds easily for compact storage. It includes two height-adjustable tripod uprights, two 47" (119cm) support tubes, and one connector sleeve. The ES-1 is approximately eight feet long but can be extended in length with the use of ES-2 Event Stand Add on Kits (sold separately).
- The ES-1 adjusts from 94 to 120cm (37"-47")
- Horizontal width (inside to inside): 2.23 meters (87")
WARNING: Cancer and Reproductive Harm


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Education — Some of these occupations may require a high school diploma or GED certificate.
Related Experience — Little or no previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, a person can become a waiter or waitress even if he/she has never worked before.
Job Training — Employees in these occupations need anywhere from a few days to a few months of training. Usually, an experienced worker could show you how to do the job.
Job Zone Examples — These occupations involve following instructions and helping others. Examples include food preparation workers, dishwashers, floor sanders and finishers, landscaping and groundskeeping workers, logging equipment operators, and baristas.
SVP Range — (Below 4.0)