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20+ Years Experience
Specialist Soft Play Equipment
Enquire Today For A Free No Obligation Quote
Welcome to Soft Play Equipment. We are specialist indoor soft play installers who have installed play areas and soft play bundles for thousands throughout the UK.
We are proud to have been recently voted the Top-Rated Soft Play Installers in the United Kingdom when up against all of the top-rated Constructionline accredited companies.
We have years of experience installing high-quality soft play structures and believe we are the best in the industry.
With installers based in Chatham and Kent, we offer competitive prices in July 2024 and can get free, no-obligation quotations sent over very quickly.
The soft play solutions we offer include soft play shapes, ball pools, rockers, soft play animals, play pits, and soft play packages. We welcome trade enquiries, soft play bundles, bulk orders, and discounts available.
Contact us with your enquiries or ideas on the enquiry form provided, and we can get your first order started.
We offer several great indoor playground equipment services and are happy to assist you with anything from price to dimensions to specifications. Click here to find the right play equipment for your play centre.
Our team has years of experience installing soft play centres and trampoline parks. We have worked with a range of high-end customers, including:
There are plenty more that we have worked with too!
We put quality over everything when installing soft play areas and trampoline parks. Our team can design, manufacture and install your entire centre, so you can sit back and relax whilst being sure your facility will look amazing.
We meet a range of safety standards, including BSEN1176-10 and conform to ROSPA and API Play safety guidelines.
For more information on our team of expert soft play installers, please contact us today using the enquiry form.
There are several benefits to indoor play areas. Some of these include:
For more information on our team of expert soft play installers, please contact us today using the enquiry form.
Prices for soft play areas can range from £5k to £250k, depending on your requirements.
Certain categories can impact the cost of setting up a soft play centre, such as:
We can help you save money with our products and allow you to choose the best options for your budget.
If you want cost-effective indoor play equipment, please check out the website. There are no grey areas regarding our pricing, which our customers absolutely love.
The soft play set-up costs differ from the cost of soft play equipment, as 'set up' refers to the complete installation.
Are you looking for a soft play manufacturer in Chatham or Kent?
We are industry-leading soft play manufacturers that can provide everything your play centre needs to keep little ones entertained for hours on end. We work with customers in various sectors and have helped various businesses create fun play areas for children of all ages.
Our indoor play products and materials meet BSEN1176-10 Safety Standards to ensure the safety of the users. Learn more about soft play safety here.
We understand that little ones want to have fun, and parents want to keep them safe, which is why we offer a range of products and eye-catching equipment in so many colours to bring your soft play to life.
Popular colours include:
Please complete our customer contact form if you require further details regarding soft play bundles, ball pits, or a full soft play centre install.
We can supply and install various fun soft play bundles to help your creations come to life just in time for playtime. We can help create the best experience for kids of all ages by providing fun, safe and educational play toys and equipment through our shop.
We work in the manufacture of soft toys and equipment to ensure that all products at our shop are made to a high standard, and everything on our website has been made to match these high requirements we have for our products.
Our range of products, from walkways to traditional objects like a slide and swing set, are the ideal creations to add to a play area.
We are cost-effective and could help you save on indoor play creations as we aim to make our products accessible to all.
As a customer, your feedback can also help us nominate top picks from the range of product categories on our website. Let us know your thoughts about our service being featured on our website.
If you are looking for indoor playground design companies near Chatham, speak to us today. We would be happy to assist you with all your soft play requirements.
One of the categories we work in is the installation of soft play structures. We can help customers create a safe play area with the products they have bought from us.
At Soft Play Equipment, we can assist you with the best specifications, costs and prices. Make sure you contact us today for great indoor soft play bundles.
Offering the very best indoor playground design installation Chatham has seen, we can meet your requirements easily.
There is a range of establishments where we can install soft play areas. Some of the most popular areas include:
Please complete our enquiry form today for further details on where we can install our products and installations for other purposes.
A member of our experienced team will get back to you as soon as possible.
We offer a range of equipment that is beneficial to children's development. We aim to aid their learning process and help them develop cognitive skills.
Other equipment, such as ball pits, slides, tunnels and mirrors, can extend children's play. These tools are not only something kids absolutely love to play with because they are fun, but they can also help them learn through more challenging movements and imagination.
There are various skills that kids need to develop when playing using soft play, and they will leave with new skills in things such as careful crawling, stepping and balancing. Soft plays with equipment like this are great for developing confidence, collaboration and teamwork.
The play areas you can buy from us also work in helping youngsters to gain awareness and an understanding of their bodies. Sensory room equipment and soft play can also help develop motor and social skills.
The safe and stimulating range of soft play bundles that we offer on our site will support children's engagement in physical activity and help keep them healthy in all categories.
We aim to provide a safe and stimulating range of indoor soft play resources such as ball pits, which is vital when there is a limited resource of clean and safe outdoor spaces for them to burn energy at.
Our installation team also offers soft play wall padding to ensure youngsters are completely safe during their time at your establishment.
If you would like to receive even more details on Soft Play Equipment services, contact us today!
The most common softplay equipment pieces include items such as:
Our team are experts when it comes to play centre and daycare soft play toys for small children. We can offer a range of other equipment to suit your needs and requirements too, so please do not hesitate to contact us for more information.
As well as standard soft play installation, we can also offer inflatable play area installation and trampoline park installs which is great for the whole family.
All of our inflatables comply with BS EN 14960 design and manufacturing standards, and all installations are independently PIPA inspected with certification.
Our fully insured team starts with your facility's design and then carries out the manufacturing and installation. After opening the inflatable park, we can arrange maintenance packages to suit your needs and requirements.
Please speak to our experts today for further details on inflatable soft play shapes, trampoline parks, and Ninja Warrior installations.
We can help maintain indoor soft play, and keeping your space hygienic has never been more important.
This means partaking in a regular cleaning schedule and ensuring that there are rules in place to keep children safe when they use your facilities.
For more information on the importance of maintenance for your soft play area, please get in touch with one of our experienced team members today.
We offer maintenance for various indoor playgrounds across the UK and can provide a unique maintenance scheme to meet your requirements.
We offer a range of easy-clean indoor playground equipment and play padding which can be sanitised and maintained daily to ensure the safety of your guests especially when they are using the ball pools.
Our team offer a full cleaning service in Chatham to ensure the children at your soft play centre are healthy and well looked after when playing in the indoor playgrounds.
It is important to keep play spaces clean so children enjoy their experience without parents worrying about germs, etc.
Here are some frequently asked questions which may help you find what you are looking for.
Funding can be obtained through Bank and Asset Finance funding streams when installing indoor play centres.
They can also offer you affordable monthly payments to pay the money back.
A professional cleaning and inspection service can easily maintain indoor play centres.
Our team offer fantastic maintenance services for facilities we have installed as well as facilities that have been installed by other companies.
The specifications and guidelines for indoor soft play include:
Our team meet BS EN1170 – 10 standards through our design, manufacture and installation services. All commercial installations will also have an independent inspection carried out too with a certificate included.
For more information on guidelines and safety specifications, please get in touch with our experts today.
Various materials can be used for indoor soft play facilities. Some popular high-quality materials include:
Throughout the soft play design and installation services, we will consider Critical Fall Height and various other safety features. This ensures children will be safe while having fun at your play centre.
Are you looking for an indoor playground equipment supplier near Kent?
We specialise in designing, manufacturing and installing indoor soft play products, structures and environments for children in July 2024. We offer the UK's largest selection of soft play equipment to local, national and global clients.
Our products are created to a high-quality and safe standard and are customised to suit your available space and budget.
Don't hesitate to contact us today by filling out the contact form below.
Make sure you contact us today for a number of great Soft Play Equipment services in South East.
Here are some towns we cover near Chatham.
Rochester, Gillingham, Aylesford, Ditton, KentWe absolutely love the service provided. Their approach is really friendly but professional. We went out to five different companies and found Soft Play Equipment to be value for money and their service was by far the best. Thank you for your really awesome work, we will definitely be returning!
Duncan CrosbyWe have used Soft Play Equipment for many years as they are certainly the best in the UK. The attention to detail and professional setup is what makes this company our go-to company for all our work. I highly recommend the team for the immense work - we highly recommend them!
Nathan GordonFor more information on Soft Play Centre Installation in Chatham, fill in the contact form below to receive a free quote today.
We Aim To Reply To All Enquiries With-in 24-Hours


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Privacy Policy
Privacy policy
This Privacy Policy describes how www.essteemarieboutique.com (the "Site" or "we") collects, uses, and discloses your Personal Information when you visit or make a purchase from the Site.
Collecting Personal Information
When you visit the Site, we collect certain information about your device, your interaction with the Site, and information necessary to process your purchases. We may also collect additional information if you contact us for customer support. In this Privacy Policy, we refer to any information that can uniquely identify an individual (including the information below) as "Personal Information". See the list below for more information about what Personal Information we collect and why.
Device information
- Examples of Personal Information collected: version of web browser, IP address, time zone, cookie information, what sites or products you view, search terms, and how you interact with the Site.
- Purpose of collection: to load the Site accurately for you, and to perform analytics on Site usage to optimize our Site.
- Source of collection: Collected automatically when you access our Site using cookies, log files, web beacons, tags, or pixels [ADD OR SUBTRACT ANY OTHER TRACKING TECHNOLOGIES USED].
- Disclosure for a business purpose: shared with our processor Shopify [ADD ANY OTHER VENDORS WITH WHOM YOU SHARE THIS INFORMATION].
Order information
- Examples of Personal Information collected: name, billing address, shipping address, payment information, email address, and phone number.
- Purpose of collection: to provide products or services to you to fulfill our contract, to process your payment information, arrange for shipping, and provide you with invoices and/or order confirmations, communicate with you, screen our orders for potential risk or fraud, and when in line with the preferences you have shared with us, provide you with information or advertising relating to our products or services.
- Source of collection: collected from you.
- Disclosure for a business purpose: shared with our processor Shopify
Using Personal Information
We use your personal Information to provide our services to you, which includes: offering products for sale, processing payments, shipping and fulfillment of your order, and keeping you up to date on new products, services, and offers.
A cookie is a small amount of information that's downloaded to your computer or device when you visit our Site. We use a number of different cookies, including functional, performance, advertising, and social media or content cookies. Cookies make your browsing experience better by allowing the website to remember your actions and preferences (such as login and region selection). This means you don't have to re-enter this information each time you return to the site or browse from one page to another. Cookies also provide information on how people use the website, for instance whether it's their first time visiting or if they are a frequent visitor.
We may update this Privacy Policy from time to time in order to reflect, for example, changes to our practices or for other operational, legal, or regulatory reasons.
For more information about our privacy practices, if you have questions, or if you would like to make a complaint, please contact us by e-mail at email@example.com or by mail using the details provided below:
Ess Tee Marie Boutique LLC, 101 S Apple Street , Georgetown OH 45121, United States
Last updated: November 2023

subset: commoncrawl


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Use this web page to find specific data files available from the public ftp file archive of the ESRL Global Monitoring Laboratory. Alternatively, you can check our Data by research program page for specific areas of data that can be downloaded. Click on the icons ( or ) under the 'Data' table heading in the dataset description boxes to either download the data file desired, or take you to the appropriate directory on the ftp server, where you can select specific data files.
Dataset Number | Site | Category | Name | Type | Frequency | Year | Data | Readme |
1 |
Dongsha Island, Taiwan (DSI) Air samples collected in glass flasks. |
Greenhouse Gases | Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) |
Flask | Discrete | Multiple | Download | Readme |


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The One And Only Ivan Wallpapers
Download and tweet 250 000+ stock photo wallpapers for free in The One And Only Ivan category. ✓ Thousands of new images daily ✓ Completely free ✓ Quality images from MetroVoice
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Helen Mirren and Danny DeVito Join The One and Only Ivan
About collection
This collection presents the theme of The One And Only Ivan. You can choose the image format you need and install it on absolutely any device, be it a smartphone, phone, tablet, computer or laptop. Also, the desktop background can be installed on any operation system: MacOX, Linux, Windows, Android, iOS and many others. We provide wallpapers in all popular dimensions: 512x512, 675x1200, 720x1280, 750x1334, 875x915, 894x894, 928x760, 1000x1000, 1024x768, 1024x1024, 1080x1920, 1131x707, 1152x864, 1191x670, 1200x675, 1200x800, 1242x2208, 1244x700, 1280x720, 1280x800, 1280x804, 1280x853, 1280x960, 1280x1024, 1332x850, 1366x768, 1440x900, 1440x2560, 1600x900, 1600x1000, 1600x1067, 1600x1200, 1680x1050, 1920x1080, 1920x1200, 1920x1280, 1920x1440, 2048x1152, 2048x1536, 2048x2048, 2560x1440, 2560x1600, 2560x1707, 2560x1920, 2560x2560
How to install a wallpaper
Microsoft Windows 10 & Windows 11
- Go to Start.
- Type "background" and then choose Background settings from the menu.
- In Background settings, you will see a Preview image. Under
Background there
is a drop-down list.
- Choose "Picture" and then select or Browse for a picture.
- Choose "Solid color" and then select a color.
- Choose "Slideshow" and Browse for a folder of pictures.
- Under Choose a fit, select an option, such as "Fill" or "Center".
Microsoft Windows 7 && Windows 8
Right-click a blank part of the desktop and choose Personalize.
The Control Panel's Personalization pane appears. - Click the Desktop Background option along the window's bottom left corner.
Click any of the pictures, and Windows 7 quickly places it onto your desktop's background.
Found a keeper? Click the Save Changes button to keep it on your desktop. If not, click the Picture Location menu to see more choices. Or, if you're still searching, move to the next step. -
Click the Browse button and click a file from inside your personal Pictures folder.
Most people store their digital photos in their Pictures folder or library. -
Click Save Changes and exit the Desktop Background window when you're satisfied with your
Exit the program, and your chosen photo stays stuck to your desktop as the background.
Apple iOS
- To change a new wallpaper on iPhone, you can simply pick up any photo from your Camera Roll, then set it directly as the new iPhone background image. It is even easier. We will break down to the details as below.
- Tap to open Photos app on iPhone which is running the latest iOS. Browse through your Camera Roll folder on iPhone to find your favorite photo which you like to use as your new iPhone wallpaper. Tap to select and display it in the Photos app. You will find a share button on the bottom left corner.
- Tap on the share button, then tap on Next from the top right corner, you will bring up the share options like below.
- Toggle from right to left on the lower part of your iPhone screen to reveal the "Use as Wallpaper" option. Tap on it then you will be able to move and scale the selected photo and then set it as wallpaper for iPhone Lock screen, Home screen, or both.
Apple MacOS
- From a Finder window or your desktop, locate the image file that you want to use.
- Control-click (or right-click) the file, then choose Set Desktop Picture from the shortcut menu. If you're using multiple displays, this changes the wallpaper of your primary display only.
If you don't see Set Desktop Picture in the shortcut menu, you should see a submenu named Services instead. Choose Set Desktop Picture from there.
- Tap the Home button.
- Tap and hold on an empty area.
- Tap Wallpapers.
- Tap a category.
- Choose an image.
- Tap Set Wallpaper.


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United States Population: 329,256,465
7,747 VISITORS FROM HERE!« Previous Country | Next Country » Back to Flag Counter Overview |
History | |
Britain's American colonies broke with the mother country in 1776 and were recognized as the new nation of the United States of America following the Treaty of Paris in 1783. During the 19th and 20th centuries, 37 new states were added to the original 13 as the nation expanded across the North American continent and acquired a number of overseas possessions. The two most traumatic experiences in the nation's history were the Civil War (1861-65), in which a northern Union of states defeated a secessionist Confederacy of 11 southern slave states, and the Great Depression of the 1930s, an economic downturn during which about a quarter of the labor force lost its jobs. Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most powerful nation state. Since the end of World War II, the economy has achieved relatively steady growth, low unemployment and inflation, and rapid advances in technology. |
Geography | |
| |
Location: | North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico |
Geographic coordinates: | 38 00 N, 97 00 W |
Area: | total: 9,833,517 sq km land: 9,147,593 sq km water: 685,924 sq km note: includes only the 50 states and District of Columbia, no overseas territories Size comparison: about half the size of Russia; about three-tenths the size of Africa; about half the size of South America (or slightly larger than Brazil); slightly larger than China; more than twice the size of the European Union |
Land Boundaries: | total: 12,048 km border countries (2): Canada 8893 km (including 2477 km with Alaska), Mexico 3155 km note: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba is leased by the US and is part of Cuba; the base boundary is 28.5 km |
Coastline: | 19,924 km |
Maritime claims: | territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: not specified |
Climate: | mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains |
Terrain: | vast central plain, mountains in west, hills and low mountains in east; rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska; rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii |
Natural resources: | coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, phosphates, rare earth elements, uranium, bauxite, gold, iron, mercury, nickel, potash, silver, tungsten, zinc, petroleum, natural gas, timber, arable land, note, the US has the world's largest coal reserves with 491 billion short tons accounting for 27% of the world's total |
Land use: | agricultural land: 44.5% (2011 est.) arable land: 16.8% (2011 est.) permanent crops: 0.3% (2011 est.) permanent pasture: 27.4% (2011 est.) forest: 33.3% (2011 est.) other: 22.2% (2011 est.) |
Irrigated land: | 264,000 sq km (2012) |
Natural hazards: | tsunamis; volcanoes; earthquake activity around Pacific Basin; hurricanes along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts; tornadoes in the Midwest and Southeast; mud slides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska, a major impediment to development volcanism: volcanic activity in the Hawaiian Islands, Western Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and in the Northern Mariana Islands; both Mauna Loa (4,170 m) in Hawaii and Mount Rainier (4,392 m) in Washington have been deemed Decade Volcanoes by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to their explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Pavlof (2,519 m) is the most active volcano in Alaska's Aleutian Arc and poses a significant threat to air travel since the area constitutes a major flight path between North America and East Asia; St. Helens (2,549 m), famous for the devastating 1980 eruption, remains active today; numerous other historically active volcanoes exist, mostly concentrated in the Aleutian arc and Hawaii; they include: in Alaska: Aniakchak, Augustine, Chiginagak, Fourpeaked, Iliamna, Katmai, Kupreanof, Martin, Novarupta, Redoubt, Spurr, Wrangell, Trident, Ugashik-Peulik, Ukinrek Maars, Veniaminof; in Hawaii: Haleakala, Kilauea, Loihi; in the Northern Mariana Islands: Anatahan; and in the Pacific Northwest: Mount Baker, Mount Hood; see note 2 under "Geography - note" |
Current Environment Issues: | air pollution; large emitter of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels; water pollution from runoff of pesticides and fertilizers; limited natural freshwater resources in much of the western part of the country require careful management; deforestation; mining; desertification; species conservation; invasive species (the Hawaiian Islands are particularly vulnerable) |
International Environment Agreements: | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Hazardous Wastes |
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People | |
Nationality: | noun: American(s) adjective: American |
Ethnic groups: | white 72.4%, black 12.6%, Asian 4.8%, Amerindian and Alaska native 0.9%, native Hawaiian and other Pacific islander 0.2%, other 6.2%, two or more races 2.9% (2010 est.) note: a separate listing for Hispanic is not included because the US Census Bureau considers Hispanic to mean persons of Spanish/Hispanic/Latino origin including those of Mexican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican Republic, Spanish, and Central or South American origin living in the US who may be of any race or ethnic group (white, black, Asian, etc.); an estimated 16.3% of the total US population is Hispanic as of 2010 |
Languages: | English only 78.2%, Spanish 13.4%, Chinese 1.1%, other 7.3% (2017 est.) note: data represent the language spoken at home; the US has no official national language, but English has acquired official status in 32 of the 50 states; Hawaiian is an official language in the state of Hawaii, and 20 indigenous languages are official in Alaska |
Religions: | Protestant 46.5%, Roman Catholic 20.8%, Jewish 1.9%, Mormon 1.6%, other Christian 0.9%, Muslim 0.9%, Jehovah's Witness 0.8%, Buddhist 0.7%, Hindu 0.7%, other 1.8%, unaffiliated 22.8%, don't know/refused 0.6% (2014 est.) |
Population: | 329,256,465 (July 2018 est.) |
Age structure: | 0-14 years: 18.62% (male 31,329,121 /female 29,984,705) 15-24 years: 13.12% (male 22,119,340 /female 21,082,599) 25-54 years: 39.29% (male 64,858,646 /female 64,496,889) 55-64 years: 12.94% (male 20,578,432 /female 22,040,267) 65 years and over: 16.03% (male 23,489,515 /female 29,276,951) (2018 est.) |
Dependency ratios: | total dependency ratio: 51.2 (2015 est.) youth dependency ratio: 29 (2015 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 22.1 (2015 est.) potential support ratio: 4.5 (2015 est.) |
Median age: | total: 38.2 years male: 37 years female: 39.5 years (2018 est.) |
Population growth rate: | 0.8% (2018 est.) |
Birth rate: | 12.4 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) |
Death rate: | 8.2 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) |
Net migration rate: | 3.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) |
Urbanization: | urban population: 82.3% of total population (2018) rate of urbanization: 0.95% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) |
Major urban areas - population: | 18.819 million New York-Newark 12.458 million Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana 8.864 million Chicago 6.115 million Houston 5.817 million Miami 5.207 million WASHINGTON, D.C. (capital) (2018) |
Sex ratio: | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female n/a 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2018 est.) Mother's mean age at first birth: 26.4 years (2015 est.) |
Maternal mortality rate: | 14 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
Infant mortality rate: | total: 5.7 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.2 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.) |
Life expectancy at birth: | total population: 80.1 years male: 77.8 years female: 82.3 years (2018 est.) |
Total fertility rate: | 1.87 children born/woman (2017 est.) |
Contraceptive prevalence rate: | 75.9% (2015/17) |
Physicians density: | 2.59 physicians/1,000 population (2016) |
Hospital bed density: | 2.9 beds/1,000 population (2013) |
Drinking water source: | improved: urban: 99.4% of population rural: 98.2% of population total: 99.2% of population unimproved: urban: 0.6% of population rural: 1.8% of population total: 0.8% of population (2015 est.) |
Sanitation facility access: | improved: urban: 100% of population (2015 est.) rural: 100% of population (2015 est.) total: 100% of population (2015 est.) unimproved: urban: 0% of population (2015 est.) rural: 0% of population (2015 est.) total: 0% of population (2015 est.) |
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | n/a |
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | n/a |
HIV/AIDS - deaths: | n/a |
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: | 36.2% (2016) |
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: | 0.5% (2012) |
Education expenditures: | 5% of GDP (2014) |
Literacy: | |
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): | total: 16 years male: 16 years female: 17 years (2016) Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 8.6% male: 9.5% female: 7.7% (2018 est.) |
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Government | |
Country name: | conventional long form: United States of America conventional short form: United States abbreviation: US or USA etymology: the name America is derived from that of Amerigo VESPUCCI (1454-1512) - Italian explorer, navigator, and cartographer - using the Latin form of his name, Americus, feminized to America |
Government type: | constitutional federal republic |
Capital: | name: Washington, DC geographic coordinates: 38 53 N, 77 02 W time difference: UTC-5 (during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November note: the 50 United States cover six time zones etymology: named after George Washington (1732-1799), the first president of the United States |
Administrative divisions: | 50 states and 1 district*; Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia*, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming |
Dependent areas: | American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Island note: from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands; it entered into a political relationship with all four political entities: the Northern Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with the US (effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 21 October 1986); the Federated States of Micronesia signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 3 November 1986); Palau concluded a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 1 October 1994) |
Independence: | 4 July 1776 (declared independence from Great Britain); 3 September 1783 (recognized by Great Britain) |
National holiday: | Independence Day, 4 July (1776) |
Constitution: | history: previous 1781 (Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union); latest drafted July - September 1787, submitted to the Congress of the Confederation 20 September 1787, submitted for states' ratification 28 September 1787, ratification completed by nine of the 13 states 21 June 1788, effective 4 March 1789 amendments: proposed as a "joint resolution" by Congress, which requires a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by at least two-thirds of the state legislatures; passage requires ratification by three-fourths of the state legislatures or passage in state-held constitutional conventions as specified by Congress; the US president has no role in the constitutional amendment process; amended many times, last in 1992 (2018) |
Legal system: | common law system based on English common law at the federal level; state legal systems based on common law except Louisiana, which is based on Napoleonic civil code; judicial review of legislative acts |
Suffrage: | 18 years of age; universal |
Executive branch: | chief of state: President Donald J. TRUMP (since 20 January 2017); Vice President Michael R. PENCE (since 20 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Donald J. TRUMP (since 20 January 2017); Vice President Michael R. PENCE (since 20 January 2017) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president, approved by the Senate elections/appointments: president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by the Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 8 November 2016 (next to be held on 3 November 2020) election results: Donald J. TRUMP elected president; electoral vote - Donald J. TRUMP (Republican Party) 304, Hillary D. CLINTON (Democratic Party) 227, other 7; percent of direct popular vote - Hillary D. CLINTON 48.2%, Donald J. TRUMP 46.1%, other 5.7% |
Legislative branch: | description: bicameral Congress consists of: Senate (100 seats; 2 members directly elected in each of the 50 state constituencies by simple majority vote except in Georgia and Louisiana which require an absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 6-year terms with one-third of membership renewed every 2 years) House of Representatives (435 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote except in Georgia which requires an absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 2-year terms) elections: Senate - last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held on 3 November 2020) House of Representatives - last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held on 3 November 2020) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 53, Democratic Party 45, independent 2; composition - men 75, women 25, percent of women 25% House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 234, Republican Party 200, 1 seat still undecided; composition - men 328, women 106, percent of women 24.4%; note - total US Congress percent of women 24.5% note: in addition to the regular members of the House of Representatives there are 6 non-voting delegates elected from the District of Columbia and the US territories of American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Virgin Islands; these are single seat constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term (except for the resident commissioner of Puerto Rico who serves a 4-year term); the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a "full floor" House vote; election of delegates last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held on 3 November 2020) |
Judicial branch: | highest courts: US Supreme Court (consists of 9 justices - the chief justice and 8 associate justices) judge selection and term of office: president nominates and, with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoints Supreme Court justices; justices serve for life subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal (includes the US Court of Appeal for the Federal District and 12 regional appeals courts); 94 federal district courts in 50 states and territories note: the US court system consists of the federal court system and the state court systems; although each court system is responsible for hearing certain types of cases, neither is completely independent of the other, and the systems often interact |
Political parties and leaders: | Democratic Party [Tom PEREZ] Green Party [collective leadership] Libertarian Party [Nicholas SARWARK] Republican Party [Ronna Romney MCDANIEL] |
International organization participation: | ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), ANZUS, APEC, Arctic Council, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CD, CE (observer), CERN (observer), CICA (observer), CP, EAPC, EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAFTA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC |
National symbol(s): | bald eagle; national colors: red, white, blue |
National anthem: | name: The Star-Spangled Banner lyrics/music: Francis Scott KEY/John Stafford SMITH note: adopted 1931; during the War of 1812, after witnessing the successful American defense of Fort McHenry in Baltimore following British naval bombardment, Francis Scott KEY wrote the lyrics to what would become the national anthem; the lyrics were set to the tune of "The Anacreontic Song"; only the first verse is sung |
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Economy | |
The US has the most technologically powerful economy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $59,500. US firms are at or near the forefront in technological advances, especially in computers, pharmaceuticals, and medical, aerospace, and military equipment; however, their advantage has narrowed since the end of World War II. Based on a comparison of GDP measured at purchasing power parity conversion rates, the US economy in 2014, having stood as the largest in the world for more than a century, slipped into second place behind China, which has more than tripled the US growth rate for each year of the past four decades. In the US, private individuals and business firms make most of the decisions, and the federal and state governments buy needed goods and services predominantly in the private marketplace. US business firms enjoy greater flexibility than their counterparts in Western Europe and Japan in decisions to expand capital plant, to lay off surplus workers, and to develop new products. At the same time, businesses face higher barriers to enter their rivals' home markets than foreign firms face entering US markets. Long-term problems for the US include stagnation of wages for lower-income families, inadequate investment in deteriorating infrastructure, rapidly rising medical and pension costs of an aging population, energy shortages, and sizable current account and budget deficits. The onrush of technology has been a driving factor in the gradual development of a "two-tier" labor market in which those at the bottom lack the education and the professional/technical skills of those at the top and, more and more, fail to get comparable pay raises, health insurance coverage, and other benefits. But the globalization of trade, and especially the rise of low-wage producers such as China, has put additional downward pressure on wages and upward pressure on the return to capital. Since 1975, practically all the gains in household income have gone to the top 20% of households. Since 1996, dividends and capital gains have grown faster than wages or any other category of after-tax income. Imported oil accounts for more than 50% of US consumption and oil has a major impact on the overall health of the economy. Crude oil prices doubled between 2001 and 2006, the year home prices peaked; higher gasoline prices ate into consumers' budgets and many individuals fell behind in their mortgage payments. Oil prices climbed another 50% between 2006 and 2008, and bank foreclosures more than doubled in the same period. Besides dampening the housing market, soaring oil prices caused a drop in the value of the dollar and a deterioration in the US merchandise trade deficit, which peaked at $840 billion in 2008. Because the US economy is energy-intensive, falling oil prices since 2013 have alleviated many of the problems the earlier increases had created. The sub-prime mortgage crisis, falling home prices, investment bank failures, tight credit, and the global economic downturn pushed the US into a recession by mid-2008. GDP contracted until the third quarter of 2009, the deepest and longest downturn since the Great Depression. To help stabilize financial markets, the US Congress established a $700 billion Troubled Asset Relief Program in October 2008. The government used some of these funds to purchase equity in US banks and industrial corporations, much of which had been returned to the government by early 2011. In January 2009, Congress passed and former President Barack OBAMA signed a bill providing an additional $787 billion fiscal stimulus to be used over 10 years - two-thirds on additional spending and one-third on tax cuts - to create jobs and to help the economy recover. In 2010 and 2011, the federal budget deficit reached nearly 9% of GDP. In 2012, the Federal Government reduced the growth of spending and the deficit shrank to 7.6% of GDP. US revenues from taxes and other sources are lower, as a percentage of GDP, than those of most other countries. Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan required major shifts in national resources from civilian to military purposes and contributed to the growth of the budget deficit and public debt. Through FY 2018, the direct costs of the wars will have totaled more than $1.9 trillion, according to US Government figures. In March 2010, former President OBAMA signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), a health insurance reform that was designed to extend coverage to an additional 32 million Americans by 2016, through private health insurance for the general population and Medicaid for the impoverished. Total spending on healthcare - public plus private - rose from 9.0% of GDP in 1980 to 17.9% in 2010. In July 2010, the former president signed the DODD-FRANK Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, a law designed to promote financial stability by protecting consumers from financial abuses, ending taxpayer bailouts of financial firms, dealing with troubled banks that are "too big to fail," and improving accountability and transparency in the financial system - in particular, by requiring certain financial derivatives to be traded in markets that are subject to government regulation and oversight. The Federal Reserve Board (Fed) announced plans in December 2012 to purchase $85 billion per month of mortgage-backed and Treasury securities in an effort to hold down long-term interest rates, and to keep short-term rates near zero until unemployment dropped below 6.5% or inflation rose above 2.5%. The Fed ended its purchases during the summer of 2014, after the unemployment rate dropped to 6.2%, inflation stood at 1.7%, and public debt fell below 74% of GDP. In December 2015, the Fed raised its target for the benchmark federal funds rate by 0.25%, the first increase since the recession began. With continued low growth, the Fed opted to raise rates several times since then, and in December 2017, the target rate stood at 1.5%. In December 2017, Congress passed and President Donald TRUMP signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which, among its various provisions, reduces the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%; lowers the individual tax rate for those with the highest incomes from 39.6% to 37%, and by lesser percentages for those at lower income levels; changes many deductions and credits used to calculate taxable income; and eliminates in 2019 the penalty imposed on taxpayers who do not obtain the minimum amount of health insurance required under the ACA. The new taxes took effect on 1 January 2018; the tax cut for corporations are permanent, but those for individuals are scheduled to expire after 2025. The Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) under the Congressional Budget Office estimates that the new law will reduce tax revenues and increase the federal deficit by about $1.45 trillion over the 2018-2027 period. This amount would decline if economic growth were to exceed the JCT's estimate. | |
GDP (purchasing power parity): | $19.49 trillion (2017 est.) $19.06 trillion (2016 est.) $18.77 trillion (2015 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate): | $19.49 trillion (2017 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate: | 2.2% (2017 est.) 1.6% (2016 est.) 2.9% (2015 est.) |
GDP - per capita (PPP): | $59,800 (2017 est.) $58,900 (2016 est.) $58,400 (2015 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars |
Gross national saving: | 18.9% of GDP (2017 est.) 18.6% of GDP (2016 est.) 20.1% of GDP (2015 est.) GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 68.4% (2017 est.) government consumption: 17.3% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 17.2% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: 0.1% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 12.1% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -15% (2017 est.) GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 0.9% (2017 est.) industry: 19.1% (2017 est.) services: 80% (2017 est.) |
Agriculture - products: | wheat, corn, other grains, fruits, vegetables, cotton; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish; forest products |
Industries: | highly diversified, world leading, high-technology innovator, second-largest industrial output in the world; petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, mining |
Industrial production growth rate: | 2.3% (2017 est.) |
Labor force: | 160.4 million (2017 est.) note: includes unemployed |
Labor force - by occupation: | agriculture: 0.7% (2009) industry: 20.3% (2009) services: 37.3% (2009) industry and services: 24.2% (2009) manufacturing: 17.6% (2009) farming, forestry, and fishing: 0.7% (2009) manufacturing, extraction, transportation, and crafts: 20.3% (2009) managerial, professional, and technical: 37.3% (2009) sales and office: 24.2% (2009) other services: 17.6% (2009) note: figures exclude the unemployed |
Unemployment rate: | 4.4% (2017 est.) 4.9% (2016 est.) |
Population below poverty line: | 15.1% (2010 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share: | lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 30% (2007 est.) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index: | 45 (2007) 40.8 (1997) |
Budget: | revenues: 3.315 trillion (2017 est.) expenditures: 3.981 trillion (2017 est.) note: revenues exclude social contributions of approximately $1.0 trillion; expenditures exclude social benefits of approximately $2.3 trillion |
Taxes and other revenues: | 17% (of GDP) (2017 est.) note: excludes contributions for social security and other programs; if social contributions were added, taxes and other revenues would amount to approximately 22% of GDP Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): -3.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.) |
Public debt: | 78.8% of GDP (2017 est.) 81.2% of GDP (2016 est.) note: data cover only what the United States Treasury denotes as "Debt Held by the Public," which includes all debt instruments issued by the Treasury that are owned by non-US Government entities; the data include Treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by individual US states, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of Treasury borrowings from surpluses in the trusts for Federal Social Security, Federal Employees, Hospital and Supplemental Medical Insurance (Medicare), Disability and Unemployment, and several other smaller trusts; if data for intragovernment debt were added, "gross debt" would increase by about one-third of GDP |
Fiscal year: | 1 October - 30 September |
Inflation rate (consumer prices): | 2.1% (2017 est.) 1.3% (2016 est.) |
Current account balance: | -$449.1 billion (2017 est.) -$432.9 billion (2016 est.) |
Exports: | $1.553 trillion (2017 est.) $1.456 trillion (2016 est.) |
Exports - commodities: | agricultural products (soybeans, fruit, corn) 9.2%, industrial supplies (organic chemicals) 26.8%, capital goods (transistors, aircraft, motor vehicle parts, computers, telecommunications equipment) 49.0%, consumer goods (automobiles, medicines) 15.0% (2008 est.) |
Exports - partners: | Canada 18.3%, Mexico 15.7%, China 8.4%, Japan 4.4% (2017) |
Imports: | $2.361 trillion (2017 est.) $2.208 trillion (2016 est.) |
Imports - commodities: | agricultural products 4.9%, industrial supplies 32.9% (crude oil 8.2%), capital goods 30.4% (computers, telecommunications equipment, motor vehicle parts, office machines, electric power machinery), consumer goods 31.8% (automobiles, clothing, medicines, furniture, toys) (2008 est.) |
Imports - partners: | China 21.6%, Mexico 13.4%, Canada 12.8%, Japan 5.8%, Germany 5% (2017) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: | $123.3 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $117.6 billion (31 December 2015 est.) |
Debt - external: | $17.91 trillion (31 March 2016 est.) $17.85 trillion (31 March 2015 est.) note: approximately 4/5ths of US external debt is denominated in US dollars; foreign lenders have been willing to hold US dollar denominated debt instruments because they view the dollar as the world's reserve currency |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: | $4.08 trillion (31 December 2017 est.) $3.614 trillion (31 December 2016 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: | $5.711 trillion (31 December 2017 est.) $5.352 trillion (31 December 2016 est.) |
Market value of publicly traded shares: | $25.07 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) $26.33 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) $24.03 trillion (31 December 2013 est.) |
Exchange rates: | British pounds per US dollar: 0.7836 (2017 est.), 0.738 (2016 est.), 0.738 (2015 est.), 0.607 (2014 est), 0.6391 (2013 est.) Canadian dollars per US dollar: 1, 1.308 (2017 est.), 1.3256 (2016 est.), 1.3256 (2015 est.), 1.2788 (2014 est.), 1.0298 (2013 est.) Chinese yuan per US dollar: 1, 6.7588 (2017 est.), 6.6445 (2016 est.), 6.2275 (2015 est.), 6.1434 (2014 est.), 6.1958 (2013 est.) euros per US dollar: 0.885 (2017 est.), 0.903 (2016 est.), 0.9214(2015 est.), 0.885 (2014 est.), 0.7634 (2013 est.) Japanese yen per US dollar: 111.10 (2017 est.), 108.76 (2016 est.), 108.76 (2015 est.), 121.02 (2014 est.), 97.44 (2013 est.) |
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Energy | |
Electricity - production: | 4.095 trillion kWh (2016 est.) |
Electricity - consumption: | 3.902 trillion kWh (2016 est.) |
Electricity - exports: | 9.695 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
Electricity - imports: | 72.72 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
Electricity - installed generating capacity: | 1.087 billion kW (2016 est.) |
Electricity - from fossil fuels: | 70% of total installed capacity (2016 est.) |
Electricity - from nuclear fuels: | 9% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) |
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants: | 7% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) |
Electricity - from other renewable sources: | 14% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) |
Crude oil - production: | 9.352 million bbl/day (2017 est.) |
Crude oil - exports: | 1.158 million bbl/day (2017 est.) |
Crude oil - imports: | 7.969 million bbl/day (2017 est.) |
Crude oil - proved reserves: | n/abbl (1 January 2018 est.) |
Refined petroleum products - production: | 20.3 million bbl/day (2017 est.) |
Refined petroleum products - consumption: | 19.96 million bbl/day (2017 est.) |
Refined petroleum products - exports: | 5.218 million bbl/day (2017 est.) |
Refined petroleum products - imports: | 2.175 million bbl/day (2017 est.) |
Natural gas - production: | 772.8 billion cu m (2017 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption: | 767.6 billion cu m (2017 est.) |
Natural gas - exports: | 89.7 billion cu m (2017 est.) |
Natural gas - imports: | 86.15 billion cu m (2017 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves: | 0 cu m (1 January 2017 est.) |
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy: | 5.242 billion Mt (2017 est.) |
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Communications | |
Cellular Phones in use: | total subscriptions: 395.881 million subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 121 (2017 est.) |
Telephone system: | general assessment: a large, technologically advanced, multipurpose communications system; mobile subscriber penetration rate of about 127%; 5G technologies and commercial services into 2019 and 2020; developing technologies based on 5G for non-commercial customers as well; FttP rather than FttN efforts (2018) domestic: a large system of fiber-optic cable, microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and domestic satellites carries every form of telephone traffic; a rapidly growing cellular system carries mobile telephone traffic throughout the country; fixed-line 27 per 100 and mobile-cellular 121 per 100 (2018) international: country code - 1; multiple ocean cable systems provide international connectivity; satellite earth stations - 61 Intelsat (45 Atlantic Ocean and 16 Pacific Ocean), 5 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 4 Inmarsat (Pacific and Atlantic Ocean regions) |
Broadcast media: | 4 major terrestrial TV networks with affiliate stations throughout the country, plus cable and satellite networks, independent stations, and a limited public broadcasting sector that is largely supported by private grants; overall, thousands of TV stations broadcasting; multiple national radio networks with many affiliate stations; while most stations are commercial, National Public Radio (NPR) has a network of some 900 member stations; satellite radio available; in total, over 15,000 radio stations operating (2018) |
Internet country code: | .us |
Internet users: | total: 246,809,221 percent of population: 76.2% (July 2016 est.) |
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Transportation | |
Airports: | 13,513 (2013) |
Airports (paved runways): | total 5,054 (2013) over 3,047 m: 189 (2013) 2,438 to 3,047 m: 235 (2013) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1,478 (2013) 914 to 1,523 m: 2,249 (2013) under 914 m: 903 (2013) |
Airports (unpaved runways): | total 8,459 (2013) over 3,047 m: 1 (2013) 2,438 to 3,047 m: 6 (2013) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 140 (2013) 914 to 1,523 m: 1,552 (2013) under 914 m: 6,760 (2013) |
Heliports: | 5,287 (2013) |
Pipelines: | 1984321 km natural gas, 240711 km petroleum products (2013) |
Railways: | total 293,564 km (2014) standard gauge: 293,564.2 km 1.435-m gauge (2014) |
Roadways: | total 6,586,610 km (2012) paved: 4,304,715 km (includes 76,334 km of expressways) (2012) unpaved: 2,281,895 km (2012) |
Waterways: | 41,009 km (19,312 km used for commerce; Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint Lawrence River of 3,058 km, is shared with Canada) (2012) |
Merchant marine: | total 3,692 by type: bulk carrier 5, container ship 61, general cargo 115, oil tanker 71, other 3440 (2018) |
Ports and terminals: | oil terminal(s): LOOP terminal, Haymark terminal container port(s) (TEUs): Charleston (2,177,000), Hampton Roads (2,841,000), Houston (2,459,000), Long Beach (7,544,000), Los Angeles (9,343,000), New York/New Jersey (6,710,000), Oakland (2,420,000), Savannah (4,046,000), Seattle/Tacoma (3,665,000) (2017) LNG terminal(s) (export): Kenai (AK) LNG terminal(s) (import): Cove Point (MD), Elba Island (GA), Everett (MA), Freeport (TX), Golden Pass (TX), Hackberry (LA), Lake Charles (LA), Neptune (offshore), Northeast Gateway (offshore), Pascagoula (MS), Sabine Pass (TX) cargo ports: Baton Rouge, Corpus Christi, Hampton Roads, Houston, Long Beach, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, Plaquemines (LA), Tampa, Texas City cruise departure ports (passengers): Miami (2,032,000), Port Everglades (1,277,000), Port Canaveral (1,189,000), Seattle (430,000), Long Beach (415,000) (2009) |
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Military | |
Military branches: | United States Armed Forces: US Army, US Navy (includes Marine Corps), US Air Force, US Coast Guard; note - Coast Guard administered in peacetime by the Department of Homeland Security, but in wartime reports to the Department of the Navy (2017) |
Military service age and obligation: | 18 years of age (17 years of age with parental consent) for male and female voluntary service; no conscription; maximum enlistment age 42 (Army), 27 (Air Force), 34 (Navy), 28 (Marines); 8-year service obligation, including 2-5 years active duty (Army), 2 years active (Navy), 4 years active (Air Force, Marines); all military occupations and positions open to women (2016) |
Military expenditures: | 3.29% of GDP (2016) 3.3% of GDP (2015) 3.51% of GDP (2014) 3.83% of GDP (2013) 4.24% of GDP (2012) |
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Transnational Issues | |
Disputes - International: | the US has intensified domestic security measures and is collaborating closely with its neighbors, Canada and Mexico, to monitor and control legal and illegal personnel, transport, and commodities across the international borders; abundant rainfall in recent years along much of the Mexico-US border region has ameliorated periodically strained water-sharing arrangements; 1990 Maritime Boundary Agreement in the Bering Sea still awaits Russian Duma ratification; Canada and the United States dispute how to divide the Beaufort Sea and the status of the Northwest Passage but continue to work cooperatively to survey the Arctic continental shelf; The Bahamas and US have not been able to agree on a maritime boundary; US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased from Cuba and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease; Haiti claims US-administered Navassa Island; US has made no territorial claim in Antarctica (but has reserved the right to do so) and does not recognize the claims of any other states; Marshall Islands claims Wake Island; Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island among the islands listed in its 2006 draft constitution |
Refugees and internally displaced persons: | refugees (country of origin): the US admitted 22,491 refugees during FY2018 including: 7,878 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 3,444 (Burma), 2,635 (Ukraine), 2,228 (Bangladesh), 1,269 (Eritrea) note: 72,722 Venezuelans have claimed asylum since 2014 because of the economic and political crisis (2018) |
Illicit drugs: | world's largest consumer of cocaine (shipped from Colombia through Mexico and the Caribbean), Colombian heroin, and Mexican heroin and marijuana; major consumer of ecstasy and Mexican methamphetamine; minor consumer of high-quality Southeast Asian heroin; illicit producer of cannabis, marijuana, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and methamphetamine; money-laundering center |
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Source: CIA - The World Factbook


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Deep Teeth Cleaning
The initial stage of treatment for periodontal disease is usually a thorough cleaning that may include scaling or root planing. The objective of these non-surgical procedures is to remove etiologic agents such as dental plaque and tartar, or calculus, which cause gingival inflammation and disease. Scaling and root planing can be used as a stand-alone treatment or a preventative measure. They are commonly performed on cases of gingivitis and moderate to severe periodontal disease.
What Do the Procedures Entail?
Drs. Schwartz and Zoller will only perform scaling and root planing after a thorough examination of the mouth, which may include taking x-rays and visually examining the mouth. Depending on the condition of the gums, the amount of tartar present, the depth of the pockets, and the progression of periodontitis, Drs. Schwartz and Zoller may recommend scaling and root planing. In some cases, a local anesthesia may be used during the procedure.
When scaling is performed, calculus and plaque that attaches to the tooth surfaces is removed. The process especially targets the area below the gum line, along the root. Scaling is performed with a special dental tool called an ultrasonic scaling tool. The scaling tool usually includes an irrigation process that can be used to deliver an antimicrobial agent below the gums to help reduce oral bacteria.
Root Planing:
Root planing is performed in order to remove cementum and surface dentin that is embedded with unwanted microorganisms, toxins and tartar. The root of the tooth is literally smoothed, which promotes healing, and also helps prevent bacteria from easily colonizing in the future.
Antibiotics or irrigation with anti-microbials (chemical agents or mouth rinses) may be recommended to help control the growth of bacteria that create toxins and cause periodontitis. In some cases, Drs. Schwartz and Zoller may place antibiotic fibers in the periodontal pockets after scaling and planing. This may be done to control infection and to encourage normal healing.
When deep pockets between teeth and gums are present, it is difficult for Drs. Schwartz and Zoller to thoroughly remove plaque and tartar. Patients can seldom, if ever, keep these pockets clean and free of plaque. Consequently, surgery may be needed to restore periodontal health.
Benefits of Treatment
If treatment is successful, scaling and planing may have many periodontal benefits. One is that it can help prevent disease. Research has proven that bacteria from periodontal infections can travel through the blood stream and affect other areas of the body, sometimes causing heart and respiratory diseases. Scaling and root planing removes bacteria that cause these conditions.
Another benefit of treatment is protecting teeth against tooth loss. When gum pockets exceed 3mm in depth, the risk for periodontal disease increases. As pockets deepen, more bacteria are able to colonize, eventually causing a chronic inflammatory response by the body to destroy gingival and bone tissue. This leads to tooth loss.
Finally, scaling and root planing may make the mouth more aesthetically pleasing and should reduce bad breath caused from food particles and bacteria in the oral cavity. Superficial stains on the teeth will be removed during scaling and planing, adding an extra bonus to the procedures.


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PW6-Titanium White
PY3-Hansa Yellow 10G
PY97-Permanent Yellow
PW6-Titanium White
titanium dioxide
Titanium White is the most brilliant of the white pigments. It is considered an all purpose oil color useful in all techniques and the best all around white. Its masstone is neither warm nor cool, placing it somewhere between Lead White and Zinc White. It is less prone to cracking and yellowing than Lead White, but it still yellows easily. Titanium White dries slowly in oil form, more slowly than Lead White but more quickly than Zinc White. It is opaque in oil and acrylic forms and semi-opaque in watercolor form. This pigment has good chemical stability, and its tinting strength is superior to both Lead White and Zinc White.
Titanium White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.
Titanium dioxide is highly stable and is regarded as non-toxic.
Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, however mineral deposits that are economical to mine are less common. Titanium dioxide was first discovered in 1821, although it could not be mass produced until 1919. Widespread use of the pigment began in the 1940s. Since that time, it has become the most commonly used white pigment. The name comes from the Latin word Titan, the name for the elder brother of Kronos and ancestor of the Titans, and from the Greek word tito, meaning day or sun.
PY3-Hansa Yellow 10G
organic, monoazo
This Hansa yellow is a transparent yellow. It has great brightness and tinting strength and its drying time ranges from average to slow. Hansa Yellow makes more intense tints and cleaner secondaries than Cadmium Yellows, especially when mixed with other organic or modern colors like Phthalo Blue and Green. Because they are more transparent, they have great value as glazing colors.
This Hansa Yellow has fair to good permanence, particularly in the lighter shades.
Hansa Yellow has no significant acute hazards, though its chronic hazards have not been well studied.
Hansa Yellows were first made in Germany just before WW1 from a series of synthetic dyestuffs called Pigment Yellow. They were intended to be a synthetic replacement for Cadmium Yellow.
PY97-Permanent Yellow
organic, monoazo
Permanent Yellow PY97 ranges from reddish yellow to greenish yellow with temperature shifts from cool to warm hues. It has good tinting strength and average to slow drying time. Similar in shade to Hansa Yellow 1, it offers much better fastness properties and good heat stability.
Pigment PY97 has excellent lightfastness, particularly in the darker shades.
No significant acute hazards of PY97 are known, though chronic hazards have not been well studied.
Hansa Yellows were first made in Germany just before WW1 from a series of synthetic dyestuffs called Pigment Yellow. They were intended to be a synthetic replacement for Cadmium Yellow. Permanent Yellow (PY97) represents a further development of this line, with the aim of producing a yellow pigment that is suitable for exterior use.
UPC Code: 643822915161


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The email message below, which claims that the recipients' email account storage has exceeded its limit and need to be verified, is a phishing scam. The fake email message was created and sent by cyber-criminals to steal the recipients' email account username and password. Once cyber-criminals have gotten their victims' email account credentials, they will hijack their accounts and use them fraudulently. So, recipients of the fake email message should delete it and never attempt to click on the links or follow the instructions in it.
Recipients of the fake email message, who have already followed the instructions in it, should change their email account's password immediately before their accounts are hijacked and used fraudulently.
From: Microsoft Storage firstname.lastname@example.com Sent: Monday, September 19, 2016 3:22 AM Subject: Your account has exceeded its limit Dear User, This is to inform that your account has exceeded its limit and need to be verified Kindly click the link below to verify and validate your account. VALIDATE MY ACCOUNT Your account will be suspended if not validate within 48 hours. Sincerely, Outlook Storage
From: Microsoft Storage firstname.lastname@example.com Sent: Monday, September 19, 2016 3:22 AM Subject: Your account has exceeded its limit
Dear User,
This is to inform that your account has exceeded its limit and need to be verified
Kindly click the link below to verify and validate your account.
Your account will be suspended if not validate within 48 hours.
Outlook Storage
The link in the fake email message goes to a fake Microsoft Outlook, Hotmail or Live website. On the fake website, visitors will be asked to sign-in, if they attempt to do so, their email usernames and passwords will be sent to the cybercriminals responsible for the phishing email message. Once the cybercriminals have gotten their potential victims Microsoft account credentials, they will gain access to their accounts, hijack the accounts by changing passwords, and use the accounts fraudulently.
Note: Some of the information in samples on this website may have been impersonated or spoofed.
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Here is another scam:
"From: Hemlock, Daniel D
Sent: Friday, May 05, 2017 10:37 AM
Subject: Microsoft Outlook Account Warning!
ITS Chief Technology Officer
Your Outlook office account has exceeded it limit and need to be verified you might not be able to receive new emails, If not verified within 24 hours, your account will be blocked. Please click the link below and and verify your account.
CLICK HERE to verify your account.
IT Service Provider Team,
Microsoft Outlook Services Team
Copyright 2017
Microsoft Outlook Account Warning!
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This e-mail message, including any attachments, is for the sole use of the intended recipient's and may contain confidential and privileged information. Any unauthorized review; use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original message."
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Online Threat Alerts Security Tips
Pay the safest way
Credit cards are the safest way to pay for online purchases because you can dispute the charges if you never get the goods or services or if the offer was misrepresented. Federal law limits your liability to $50 if someone makes unauthorized charges to your account, and most credit card issuers will remove them completely if you report the problem promptly.
Guard your personal information
In any transaction you conduct, make sure to check with your state or local consumer protection agency and the Better Business Bureau (BBB) to see if the seller, charity, company, or organization is credible. Be especially wary if the entity is unfamiliar to you. Always call the number found on a website's contact information to make sure the number legitimately belongs to the entity you are dealing with.
Be careful of the information you share
Never give out your codes, passwords or personal information, unless you are sure of who you're dealing with
Know who you're dealing with
Crooks pretending to be from companies you do business with may call or send an email, claiming they need to verify your personal information. Don't provide your credit card or bank account number unless you are actually paying for something and know who you are sending payment to. Your social security number should not be necessary unless you are applying for credit. Be especially suspicious if someone claiming to be from a company with whom you have an account asks for information that the business already has.
Check your accounts
Regularly check your account transactions and report any suspicious or unauthorised transactions.
Don't believe promises of easy money
If someone claims that you can earn money with little or no work, get a loan or credit card even if you have bad credit, or make money on an investment with little or no risk, it's probably a scam. Oftentimes, offers that seem too good to be true, actually are too good to be true.
Do not open email from people you don't know
If you are unsure whether an email you received is legitimate, try contacting the sender directly via other means. Do not click on any links in an email unless you are sure it is safe.
Think before you click
If an email or text message looks suspicious, don't open any attachments or click on the links.
Verify urgent requests or unsolicited emails, messages or phone calls before you respond
If you receive a message or a phone call asking for immediate action and don't know the sender, it could be a phishing message.
Be careful with links and new website addresses
Malicious website addresses may appear almost identical to legitimate sites. Scammers often use a slight variation in spelling or logo to lure you. Malicious links can also come from friends whose email has unknowingly been compromised, so be careful.
Secure your personal information
Before providing any personal information, such as your date of birth, Social Security number, account numbers, and passwords, be sure the website is secure.
Stay informed on the latest cyber threats
Keep yourself up to date on current scams by visiting this website daily.
Use Strong Passwords
Strong passwords are critical to online security.
Keep your software up to date and maintain preventative software programs
Keep all of your software applications up to date on your computers and mobile devices. Install software that provides antivirus, firewall, and email filter services.
Update the operating systems on your electronic devices
Make sure your operating systems (OSs) and applications are up to date on all of your electronic devices. Older and unpatched versions of OSs and software are the target of many hacks. Read the CISA security tip on Understanding Patches and Software Updates for more information.
What if You Got Scammed?
Stop Contact With The Scammer
Hang up the phone. Do not reply to emails, messages, or letters that the scammer sends. Do not make any more payments to the scammer. Beware of additional scammers who may contact you claiming they can help you get your lost money back.
Secure Your Finances
Check Your Computer
If your computer was accessed or otherwise affected by a scam, check to make sure that your anti-virus is up-to-date and running and that your system is free of malware and keylogging software. You may also need to seek the help of a computer repair company. Consider utilizing the Better Business Bureau's website to find a reputable company.
Change Your Account Passwords
Update your bank, credit card, social media, and email account passwords to try to limit further unauthorized access. Make sure to choose strong passwords when changing account passwords.
Report The Scam
Reporting helps protect others. While agencies can't always track down perpetrators of crimes against scammers, they can utilize the information gathered to record patterns of abuse which may lead to action being taken against a company or industry.
Report your issue to the following agencies based on the nature of the scam:
How To Recognize a Phishing Scam
Scammers use email or text messages to try to steal your passwords, account numbers, or Social Security numbers. If they get that information, they could get access to your email, bank, or other accounts. Or they could sell your information to other scammers. Scammers launch thousands of phishing attacks like these every day — and they're often successful.
Scammers often update their tactics to keep up with the latest news or trends, but here are some common tactics used in phishing emails or text messages:
Phishing emails and text messages often tell a story to trick you into clicking on a link or opening an attachment. You might get an unexpected email or text message that looks like it's from a company you know or trust, like a bank or a credit card or utility company. Or maybe it's from an online payment website or app. The message could be from a scammer, who might
About Online Threat Alerts (OTA)
Online Threat Alerts or OTA is an anti-cybercrime community that started in 2012. OTA alerts the public to cyber crimes and other web threats.
By alerting the public, we have prevented a lot of online users from getting scammed or becoming victims of cybercrimes.
With the ever-increasing number of people going online, it important to have a community like OTA that continuously alerts or protects those same people from cyber-criminals, scammers and hackers, who are every day finding new ways of carrying out their malicious activities.
Online users can help by reporting suspicious or malicious messages or websites to OTA. And, if they want to determine if a message or website is a threat or scam, they can use OTA's search engine to search for the website or parts of the message for information.
Help maintain Online Threat Alerts (OTA).


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Keep your kid's pens, pencils, crayons and why not, even your make up, organized in your own personalized case featuring a Yummy Orange design.
We want our customers to be 100% satisfied with their order. If the items you purchased are not exactly what you expected, call us within 30 days and we will issue a full refund (minus shipping and handling costs). All returns must be new, unused, and contain all original packaging and accessories. We cannot accept returns of products that have been used or altered in any way. To initiate a return, contact us at 1-800-720-0197 or firstname.lastname@example.com to obtain a return authorization number. Make sure to indicate your customer name, order#, reasons for return and a way to reach you.
If any item(s) on you order is damaged, defective, incorrect or missing parts, you must contact us at 1-800-720-0197 or email@example.com within 5-7 business days after delivery so we can issue an RMA number. We will ask that you please return the order in its original form and packaging (a return shipping label will be provided). Spark & Spark will promptly send replacements or issue a credit towards future purchase as soon as we receive the items back from you. We regret that we will not be able to accept damaged, or wrong item claims after 5-7 business days from the delivery date.
Due to the personalization and unique name on these products, we cannot offer refunds or exchanges on any personalized item sold in our store. If something is wrong with your personalized order, please contact us within 5-7 business days of the delivery date at 1-1800-720-0197 or firstname.lastname@example.com. All sales on personalized items are final and we cannot accept any returns, specifically if it is based on customer input errors (e.g., typographical errors). If there is a customer input error and it is overseen when reviewing and approving the digital proof, the customer accepts all responsibility and a refund or store credit cannot be given. In this case, the customer can request for a reprint of the order with a 15% discount. Order reprints will be shipped within 5-7 business days. If Spark & Spark is responsible for an error (i.e. your card looks different from what you review on the digital proof), you must notify us within 5-7 business days and we will reprint your order and resend it to you within 3-5 business days. CANCELLATIONS Should you cancel your order before a digital proof is produced, we will not charge any fee to do so. Cancelling an order once a proof is produced, but prior to customer approval, will result in a $25 processing fee per order. If you cancel the order after the proof is approved, we will charge 100% of the order.
For Personalized ItemsFind Similar Products by Category


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Flax is a unique warm light brown tone that highlights wood's natural depth and beauty. (Shown on ash)
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336113 Ingots 102x58mm 139ml
Made of a combination of fibreglass and high grade silicon, suitable for food. Moulds are no longer required to be greased, perfect for unmoulding without any breakages. Trays and moulds can be cleaned easily. Several products can be used using the same mould, giving free rain to the users creativity. The mould can be used 2000-3000 times before the first signs of sticking will appear. Can withstand temperatures from -40 to + 280¼C. 18 moulds 102x58 H30, sheet 600x400


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Ribena Lightly Sparkling 325ml (24 cans)
- Product SKU: 8183918 x 24
Ribena Lightly Sparkling 325ml (24 cans)
Ribena Lightly Sparkling 325ml (24 cans)
All orders are subject to processing time that is separate and apart from the time it takes for a shipment to reach its destination once it has been picked up from our fulfillment center by the applicable carrier. Depending on a number of factors, standard domestic orders may take up to 5 business days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and Holidays) to process.
Please note that when your order has been shipped, you will receive an email with tracking information.
Your final shipping cost is displayed at the point of checkout.
Standard shipping fee of $15 is included for all orders below $50.
Shipping fees are non-refundable. If you refuse any shipments from japanhomeeshop.com, you will be held responsible for the original shipping charges, plus the cost of returning the package to us.
For more information regarding Shipping, click here
We have a 7-day return policy, which means you have 7 days after receiving your item to request a return.
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To start a return, you can contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com. If your return is accepted, we'll send you a return shipping label, as well as instructions on how and where to send your package. Items sent back to us without first requesting a return will not be accepted.
For more information regarding Refund, click here


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