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subset: commoncrawl


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Another reporter has quit the mainstream news business because he thinks there's too much emphasis on entertainment rather than old-fashioned reporting:
"In Superman issue 13, the Man of Steel's alter ego, mild-mannered reporter Clark Kent, quits the Metropolis newspaper that has been his employer since the DC Comics superhero's earliest days in 1940," USA Today says.
And he "quits in front of the whole staff and rails on how journalism has given way to entertainment — in a not-so-mild-mannered fashion," USA Today adds.
It looks like Clark will start or join a news blog, which we suppose is a realistic thing for a "print" reporter to do these days. Less true to life, though, as Reuters social media editor Matthew Keys (@ProducerMatthew) points out, may be the way he's left his job:
"Would be more realistic if he were laid off, but whatever."
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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*Final price includes qualifying incentives from the OEM.
* The advertised price does not include sales tax, vehicle registration fees, other fees required by law, finance charges and any documentation charges. A negotiable administration fee, up to $115, may be added to the price of the vehicle.
* Images, prices, and options shown, including vehicle color, trim, options, pricing and other specifications are subject to availability, incentive offerings, current pricing and credit worthiness.
*Final price includes qualifying incentives from the OEM.
* MSRP is the Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) of the vehicle. It does not include any taxes, fees or other charges. Pricing and availability may vary based on a variety of factors, including options, dealer, specials, fees, and financing qualifications. Consult your dealer for actual price and complete details. Vehicles shown may have optional equipment at additional cost.
*Pricing provided may vary significantly between website and dealer as a result of supply chain constraints. Pricing shown is non-binding and does not constitute an offer. Contact your dealer for updated vehicle pricing.
* The estimated selling price that appears after calculating dealer offers is for informational purposes, only. You may not qualify for the offers, incentives, discounts, or financing. Offers, incentives, discounts, or financing are subject to expiration and other restrictions. See dealer for qualifications and complete details.
* Images, prices, and options shown, including vehicle color, trim, options, pricing and other specifications are subject to availability, incentive offerings, current pricing and credit worthiness.
* In transit means that vehicles have been built, but have not yet arrived at your dealer. Images shown may not necessarily represent identical vehicles in transit to your dealership. See your dealer for actual price, payments and complete details.
*Final price includes qualifying incentives from the OEM.
* The advertised price does not include sales tax, vehicle registration fees, other fees required by law, finance charges and any documentation charges. A negotiable administration fee, up to $115, may be added to the price of the vehicle.
* Images, prices, and options shown, including vehicle color, trim, options, pricing and other specifications are subject to availability, incentive offerings, current pricing and credit worthiness.
The friendly folks at Watson's Manistee Chrysler Inc. have your top interests in mind. We want you to have an enjoyable and informative experience when buying your next vehicle. Our vast inventory includes RAM trucks for sale, Jeep SUVs – both hybrid and gas-powered, and a wide range of sedans, trucks, work vehicles, and SUVs near you.
We are located in Manistee, MI, a one-stop dealership. We offer excellent lease deals to keep your vehicle within your budget. Our dealership's service center near you will take care of all repairs and maintenance on your Dodge, RAM, or Jeep to keep it in tip-top condition for years to come. When it's time to find your next vehicle, stop by Watson's Manistee Chrysler Inc. in Manistee, MI.
You can do all of your vehicle shopping here at Watson's Manistee Chrysler Inc. With an inventory that's full of so many makes, models, and types of vehicles, you are bound to find what you want. We have the full line of 2023 Jeep SUVs for sale, including the 2023 Jeep Compass, the 2023 Jeep Grand Cherokee, and the 2023 Jeep Renegade.
If a hybrid SUV is what you seek, we stock the 2023 Jeep Wrangler 4xe – the off-road wizard, hybrid-style. The Wrangler 4xe is no slouch in the power department. The inline four-cylinder engine cranks out 375 horsepower and 470 lb.-ft of torque.
If you need a rugged pickup for work or play, we stock all models of RAM pickups, including the 2023 RAM 2500. The up-to-five-passenger 2500 is loaded with high-tech features and a powerful engine. The basic 6.4-liter V8 engine cranks out 410 horsepower and 429 lb.-ft of torque. Maximum towing with this engine is up to 20,000 pounds. The sales professionals here at Watson's Manistee Chrysler Inc. are here to tell you more about these and any of the vehicles in our well-stocked lot.
Watson's Manistee Chrysler Inc. is your local Jeep and RAM dealership in Manistee, MI. Our lot is full of new and used inventory of many makes and models for you to browse through. We urge you to begin your search for your next new SUV or truck right here. Our staff is ready to tell you more about vehicles like the 2023 Jeep Grand Cherokee, the 2023 Jeep Renegade, the 2023 Jeep Wrangler, the 2023 Jeep Compass, and the 2023 RAM 2500.
We would like to help you through the purchase or lease process. Come on by and test drive the vehicle of your choice at Watson's Manistee Chrysler Inc. today.
As the used vehicle inventory levels have recuperated, so has the desire for folks to find a great deal on a quality used vehicle. If you live in Manistee, MI, or near Onekama, Thompsonville, Mesick, or Luther, Watson's Manistee Chrysler, Inc. is the dealer you want to visit.
Our lot is brimming with certified pre-owned and used vehicles. Our friendly sales team is on location six days a week to help you find a used SUV, pickup truck, or muscle car within your specific budget. We offer competitive finance rates and special incentives to aid in getting you matched to the perfect vehicle for your personal transportation needs. We also offer all kinds of service, including Jeep transmission service. Please stop by today and take a few of our select used vehicles for a test drive in Manistee.
The well-rounded used vehicle inventory here at Watson's Manistee Inc. includes popular choices with various vehicles.
The Jeep Wrangler Unlimited is an iconic 4WD SUV. It is outfitted with various highly sought-after items across several trim levels. These amenities include a leather-wrapped steering wheel, ParkView® rearview backup camera, power windows and door locks, air conditioning, and a Uconnect® infotainment system. The Wrangler Unlimited incorporates one of two Jeep-exclusive four-wheel drive systems; the Command-Trac® 4×4 system or the Rock-Trac® 4×4 system. Many trims are equipped with the very-recognizable Sunrider® black soft top.
If you're looking for a RAM truck for sale, the behemoth RAM 3500 is named Truck of the Year by MotorTrend. The incredible towing capability of over 37,000 pounds is just one of the reasons the 3500 received this impressive award. This burly pickup is offered with two sizes of beds and three cab sizes that culminate with the six-passenger mega-crew cab. The RAM 3500 features a surprisingly comfortable and smooth ride for a vehicle of this class.
Many consider the Dodge Challenger the ultimate muscle car. This classic two-door sports car boasts seating for up to four adults and ample cargo area. Modern comfort, convenience features, high-tech gadgets, and advanced safety equipment abound in the Dodge Challenger. Above all else, the Challenger explodes with power and performance spanning its many engine options, one of which is the standard 303 horsepower 3.6-liter V6 engine. The horsepower only increases from there.
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While great effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information on this site, errors can occur. Please verify all pricing information with a customer service representative. This is easily done by calling us or visiting us at the dealership.
Customer may not qualify for ALL Rebates shown. Some rebates are stackable and others can and cannot be combined. See Dealer For Complete Details.


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Archives of Acoustics is an English-language peer-reviewed quarterly journal publishing original research papers from all areas of acoustics and abstracts from some specialised acoustical conferences. It gives free internet access to its full content (abstracts of research papers) to current issues.
Archives of Acoustics, the peer-reviewed quarterly journal publishes original research papers from all areas of acoustics like:
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SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) 2022: 0.291
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Iron in Your Water System
Four Types of Iron – and Common Treatments
Iron (Fe) can drive homeowners crazy with its ability to make its way into a well water supply, affecting everything from the food of taste and drink to stains on clothing and fixtures. Here are the four types of iron found in water supplies, and what you can do about it.
Red Iron
Ferric "insoluble" iron is visible to the naked eye, and can cause a number of issues with your home, as well as in your food and drink.
Red water iron can be removed by a water softener, but a more common treatment is an iron filter, which Culligan offers as a part of its whole home solutions.
The state-of-the-art Iron-Cleer® water conditioning system solves iron and rust staining, leaving you with nothing but clean water in your sinks, fixtures, dishes and clothes.
Clear Iron
Ferrous "soluble" iron is an invisible dissolved solid that can appear after coming out of your faucet. This type of water is low on oxygen and typically comes from deeper wells and groundwater sources.
The most common way to treat clear iron is with a Culligan Water Softener, which can remove clear-water iron through ion exchange, particularly if your water supply has a low pH. Other options, such as chlorination and manganese greensand filtration require maintenance and the proper amount of pressure.
Organic Iron
Generally, organic iron is Fe combined with any dissolved organic matter in the water, such as tannins. A tannin is a biomolecule produced by vegetation that stains liquids, including tea and coffee. When tannins react with water containing iron, it creates a black residue. This usually occurs in shallow wells that are affected by groundwater.
Organic iron can be difficult to treat. Trust your local experts at Culligan to recommend the correct, cost-effective solution to suit your needs.
Iron Bacteria
Iron bacteria are naturally occurring organisms in soils and groundwater that feed off iron, leaving waste deposits. They leave behind a dark sludge that sticks to pipes and fixtures, particularly in your water and toilet tanks and plumbing fixtures. The microorganisms also can lead to bad tasting and odorous water.
You can physically remove the sludge from your toilet tank or use "shock" chlorination methods, but this is merely a temporary solution. The only way to reduce the amount of iron bacteria is to reduce the amount of iron itself. Schedule a FREE water analysis today to find which is the best solution for you.
Iron Can Invade Your Well
Groundwater from rain or melted snow travels through the soil to become part of the water supply. If the soil has iron, it can dissolve with the water and work its way into your well.
When iron is exposed to oxygen, it forms rust. Rust flakes can make their way into your water supply from corroded plumbing fixtures such as pipe and casings. This is the main cause of "colored water" you may see coming from your tap, toilet or shower head.
Tip for New Homeowners: If you are a homeowner with a well water system, talk to your neighbor about potential issues his or her well may have given them, and how they have treated these problems. Wells on nearby properties are sometimes a good indicator of the problem water issues you may need to deal with. However, the amount of iron or other minerals, dissolved solids or contaminants.
Health and Wellness: Is Iron Harmful in Your Water?
Iron is a nutrient that all bodies need to function. But it is also bad for your health if ingested in high enough doses.
The EPA considers iron a secondary contaminant, meaning it does not have a direct impact on your health as other dissolved solids such as lead. Because of this, your well water might have a higher amount of iron than the federal standards allow, however, it may not be enough to harm you. It can, however, wreak havoc on your home, causing costly damages and stains.
Harmful Effects of Iron in Your Home
Laundry stains
Yellow, red or brown stains can appear on your clothes if your laundry water contains a high amount of rust bacteria.
Iron can find its way in your water system a number of ways. Rainwater makes its way through the soil and dissolves, seeping into aquifers.
The source could also be within your home through old, corroded plumbing fixtures that typically are found in older well systems. Rust is a natural bi-product of red iron and can flake off of your system's components. This process is more likely to occur if your water is acidic (lower than 6.5 pH).
Iron can create stains in your sinks, toilets and tubs that are tedious and difficult to remove. Common home remedies include lemons/lemon juice, vinegar and baking soda, but these solutions are temporary and don't take care of iron at the source.
Iron can clog anything from wells and pumps to dishwashers, washing machines and other appliances and accessories. This requires expensive and time-consuming repairs, and sometimes, replacements.
Food and Drink
If you've ever noticed a metallic taste in your water, it's probably from an excess of iron. This offensive taste can ruin a good cup of coffee, tea and other home beverages produced from tap water. Food, particularly vegetables, can also absorb the taste of iron water, causing it to taste different.


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Were you involved in an accident with a 2005 SUBARU FORESTER? If so you may be entitled to financial compensation. Whether you own the SUBARU FORESTER 2005 or that was the other vehicle involved in the collision, you may have a case depending on the state you live in and the amount of fault attributed to you in the accident.
Additional Information
Vehicle make & model: SUBARU FORESTER
Vehicle Year: 2005
Body: OTHER
Engine: NOT APPLICABLE
Engine Displacement (liters): 0
SUBARU 2005 FORESTER Transmission: NOT APPLICABLE
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Number:
NHTSA Safety Comments: NO COMMENTS


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Cracked Teeth / Traumatic Dental Injuries
Cracked Teeth
Cracked teeth demonstrate many types of symptoms, including pain when chewing, temperature sensitivities, or even the release of biting pressure. It is also common for pain to come and go, making it difficult to diagnose the cause of discomfort.
Chewing can cause movement of the cracked pieces of your tooth, and the pulp within the tooth becomes irritated. At the same time, when biting pressure is released, the crack can close quickly, resulting in sharp pain. Eventually, the pulp will become damaged and tooth will consistently hurt, even when you are not chewing. It is possible that cracks can lead to infection of the pulp tissue, which can spread to the bone and gum surrounding the problematic tooth.
Traumatic Dental Injuries
Dislodged Teeth
Injuries to the mouth can cause teeth to be pushed back into their sockets. Your endodontist or general dentist may reposition and stabilize your tooth. Root canal treatment is usually started within a few weeks of the injury and a medication, such as calcium hydroxide, will be placed inside the tooth. Eventually, a permanent root canal filling will be implanted.
Sometimes a tooth may be pushed partially out of the socket. Again, your endodontist or general dentist may reposition and stabilize your tooth. If the pulp remains healthy, then no other treatment is necessary. Yet, if the pulp becomes damaged or infected, root canal treatment will be required. If left untreated, many different complications can arise. These complications can include but are not limited to: Infection of the tooth, root system or surrounding tissue, inadequate hygiene due to an inability to properly clean the dislodged tooth and the gums, and loss of the tooth.
Avulsed Teeth
If an injury causes a tooth to be completely knocked out of your mouth, it is important that you are treated immediately! If this happens to you, keep the tooth moist. If possible, put it back into the socket. A tooth can be saved if it remains moist. You can even put the tooth in milk or a glass of water (add a pinch of salt.) Your Endodontist may start root canal treatment based upon the stage of root development. The length of time the tooth was out of your mouth and the way the tooth was stored, may influence the type of treatment you receive.
Injuries in children
An injured immature tooth may need one of the following procedures to improve the chances of saving the tooth:
This procedure encourages the root to continue development as the pulp is healed. Soft tissue is covered with medication to encourage growth. The tip of the root (apex) will continue to close as the child gets older. In turn, the walls of the root canal will thicken. If the pulp heals, no additional treatment will be necessary. The more mature the root becomes, the better the chance to save the tooth.
In this case, the unhealthy pulp is removed. The doctors place medication into the root to help a hard tissue form near the root tip. This hardened tissue provides a barrier for the root canal filling. At this point, the root canal walls will not continue to develop, making the tooth susceptible to fractures. So it is important to have the tooth properly restored by your dentist.


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Now, to a case that has gripped not only South Africa but much of the world: Olympian and double-amputee Oscar Pistorius posted bail on Friday, at a cost of one million rand, or roughly 112,000 U.S. dollars. The trial will begin June 4th. Pistorius is facing charges of murdering his girlfriend nearly two weeks ago on Valentines Day.
David Smith has been covering the Pistorius case for the Guardian newspaper and he joins us via satellite from his home in Pretoria, South Africa. Thanks for joining us, David.
DAVID SMITH: Thank you.
GONYEA: So things have barely gotten underway and already we have this unusual twist. This week the prosecution's lead detective, Hilton Botha, was dropped from the case after he was charged with attempted murder for shooting at a minibus. What impact, if any, might that have on the case?
SMITH: I think in the short term it had a big impact. There are unflattering comparisons with Inspector Clouseau and his evidence somewhat fell apart in the cross-examination by the defense. Then it was revealed he, himself, is facing seven charges of attempted murder over an incident while policing when he shot at a minibus.
GONYEA: Pistorius himself seems to have made a surprising impression on the lead magistrate in this week's bail hearing. Describe the reaction in the courtroom.
SMITH: Pistorius was in the center of the courtroom and it was a very difficult scene to watch sometimes. He was sobbing openly, his whole body shaking, his hands trembling. Really plunged into this pit of despair. On the last day the magistrate said it was - sometimes when he stood before the flashing cameras it was as if Pistorius is some kind of rare species of animal.
GONYEA: We've seen so much reaction to this story from outside South Africa. What about inside the country? What about South Africans?
SMITH: Huge reaction too. You just randomly turn on a radio station here and it's being debated on phone-ins. Just anecdotally, I've heard it suggested that many, many women particularly are critical of Pistorius and can't understand why he did that and he should have denied bail, whereas men are less critical. On Twitter as well, there's been a huge reaction from South Africans. But it's really the case that everyone is talking about because, you know, this was a national hero and now he's in disgrace.
GONYEA: And what's next for Oscar Pistorius?
SMITH: Already there are moves to almost rebuild his brand. He's hired a public relations consultancy that specializes in what it calls reputation management. But clearly his life and career and completely changed and he's certainly not allowed to leave the country under his bail conditions. I think there's going to be many dark nights of the soul and preparation for his next appearance in court which is due on the 4th of June.
GONYEA: All right. Well, we'll be watching. David Smith, thanks for joining us.
SMITH: Thank you.
GONYEA: David Smith is a correspondent for the Guardian newspaper. He spoke to us from his home in Pretoria, South Africa.
GONYEA: You're listening to NPR News.
(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Notice: This Wiki is now read only and edits are no longer possible. Please see: https://gitlab.eclipse.org/eclipsefdn/helpdesk/-/wikis/Wiki-shutdown-plan for the plan.
- 1 Jenkins Builds
- 2 Virgo Runtime Build
- 3 Virgo Runtime Build (3.6.4.RELEASE and earlier)
- 4 Virgo Tooling Builds
Jenkins Builds
The Virgo project JIPP (Jenkins Instance Per Project) manages Virgo CI builds. Committers are notified of build failures caused by their pushes but anyone who wants to know about other build failures should subscribe to virgo-build (this list is not currently in use but can be enabled when needed).
After upgrading Plug-Ins/Jenkins itself you might need to restart the instance manually. Committers can do so in the Accounts / "CI CONTROL".
More information can be found in the Eclipse Wiki page about Jenkins.
Virgo Runtime Build
Since 3.7.0.M02 Virgo is built with Gradle.
Make sure you have git, Java 8 or later (Java 8 is currently used during CI) installed.
For some tasks you may use any of the Ruby scripts (e.g. update_dependencies.rb
or ripplor.rb
) then you must install Ruby, RubyGems and Rubygem choice. Please check section "3.6.4.RELEASE and earlier" for more information.
Getting the Code
The Virgo source code is managed with Git and hosted at the Eclipse Foundation. All Virgo related repositories are listed here.
To build Virgo 3.8.x, simply clone the main repository:
git clone git://git.eclipse.org/gitroot/virgo/org.eclipse.virgo.root.git virgo
When building 3.7.x you'll have to update the Git submodules also:
cd virgo
git submodule update --init
Building the Virgo Runtime
To build distributable zipped files run:
$ ./gradlew clean jar build distZip
Please check the BUILD.md for more and up-to-date information.
Virgo Runtime Build (3.6.4.RELEASE and earlier)
NOTE: The following information is only applicable up to Eclipse Virgo 3.6.4.RELEASE.
Virgo has its own build system known as "Virgo build" which is a collection of Ant/Ivy scripts.
Make sure you have git, Java 6 or later, and ant 1.8.2 or later installed.
To use any of the Ruby scripts (e.g. update_dependencies.rb
or ripplor.rb
) then you must install Ruby, RubyGems and Rubygem choice:
- To install Ruby use the command
sudo port install ruby
(on Mac); - To install RubyGems use the command
sudo port install rb-rubygems
(on Mac); - To install Rubygem choice use the command
sudo gem install choice
(on Mac).
Building Virgo Build
Building virgo-build-tools
Virgo Build, as of version 2.15, introduces p2 tools assembly and common targets and properties to make its consumption easy from the git repositories in the build chain. The p2 tools assembly and validation happens as part of a normal build of Virgo Build. In future other tools may be added, which is why the tools assembly carries the generic virgo-build-tools name.
Virgo Build isn't included in the normal build chain, so whenever there are changes to virgo-build-tools a manual rebuild and publish has to be executed, like so:
ant clean clean-integration test test-e2e
These targets assemble and validate virgo-build-tools. The target test-e2e has a dependency to package, so "package" need not be specified. test-e2e stands for end-to-end test execution: it is all performed in ant, because there is a small risk of stumbling into cyclic dependencies if we have a reference from virgo-build to the test framework. Another benefit of testing in ant is that this target exercises the exact same p2-related Ant targets other repositories will call to publish, install and uninstall.
Releasing virgo-build-tools
Virgo Build is not part of the normal release process. It is executed on demand and manually. We don't need to release new version along with the other repositories if there are no changes to virgo-build-tools.
Releasing the tools is really simple and similar to "Releasing a single repository project" described in this page. All you have to do is:
1. Tag the latest commit:
git tag VBT-1.1.0
Use the syntax VBT-x.y.z for the tags.
2. Update the following properties in Virgo Build's build.properties:
version=1.1.0 release.type=release build.stamp=RELEASE
When making a release the version stays the same - it is incremented after releasing. What's important is to update the other properties.
3. Execute the following targets:
ant clean clean-integration clean-ivy test test-e2e publish-build
This publishes a RELEASE version of the virgo-build-tools assembly to build.eclipse.org.
4. Edit "build.properties" to increment the version, update release.type properties, and remove the build.stamp property:
version=1.2.0 release.type=integration
5. Commit the updated version and push:
git commit -m 'Build properties for 1.2.0 integration' git push origin
At this point all repositories consuming the virgo-build-tools assembly can be updated to the newly released version.
Virgo-build-tools prerequisites
VBT released version | requires |
1.0.0 | 2.15 or higher |
1.1.0 | 2.15 or higher |
1.2.0 | 2.19 or higher |
1.2.1 | 2.19 or higher |
1.3.0 | 2.22 or higher |
1.4.0 | 2.32 or higher |
1.4.1 | 2.32 or higher |
Building Individual Repositories
To build a given git repository, first clone it:
git clone <repository URL>
and then make sure that the Virgo build submodule is correctly initialised by changing directory to the cloned repository and issuing:
git submodule update --init
then change directory into the build-xxx
directory and invoke ant with the appropriate targets, usually:
ant clean clean-integration test
This will do a fresh build and run all the unit and integration tests. It will only report "Build successful" if everything compiles cleanly and all the tests pass. The directory build-xxx/target/test-results
contains the test results in html and xml formats. You will find the built bundles in the target/artifact
directory of each individual project.
Running all tests
Sometimes it is useful to run all the tests even if some fail. You can do this by specifying the property -Dci.build=true
on the ant command, for example:
ant -Dci.build=true clean clean-integration test
This will report "Build successful" regardless of test success or failure and you will need to look at the test results to see which tests failed.
Common targets
ant -p
displays commonly used targets. Use ant clean-ivy
to delete the ivy cache (or use git clean -dfx
to get everything back to a reset state, including ditching any changes you haven't committed).
If you simply want to compile the runtime code, you can use ant clean clean-integration jar
but that will not compile (or run) the tests.
ant precommit
performs more extensive checks including code coverage and "findbugs". (You will need a licence for Clover to perform test coverage analysis.)
Exceptions to the above
Packaging Repository
Building the packaging repository (to produce Virgo zips etc.) is somewhat different:
ant clean clean-integration jar package smoke-test
For the web and pdf and other docs do:
ant doc
See also #Virgo Tooling Builds.
Samples just need packaging (some of them, such as Greenpages, produce a package that requires the user to build them using Maven):
ant clean clean-integration package
Publishing Development Builds
If you want to publish development build you may use the publish-ivy
target (except for nano - see below):
ant clean clean-integration test package publish-ivy -Declipse.committerId=<committer id>
To use this build you need to update the dependencies of the referring project(s) with the new version you just published.
If you want to publish a development build of nano, use:
ant clean clean-integration test package publish-ivy publish-updatesite-build -Declipse.committerId=<committer id>
For example, to build the test stubs component, issue the following commands:
>git clone git://git.eclipse.org/gitroot/virgo/org.eclipse.virgo.osgi-test-stubs.git >cd org.eclipse.virgo.osgi-test-stubs >git submodule update --init >cd build-osgi-stubs >ant clean clean-integration test
After this has completed successfully, the project org.eclipse.virgo.teststubs.osgi
contains the built binary and source jars in its target/artifacts
Configuring p2 Publishing for Individual Repositories
Since version 2.15 Virgo Build has the capability to assemble build-tools that other repositories can use. So far these tools include only various p2 Eclipse applications.
To understand more about the virgo-build synergy with p2 and how we organized our products and packaging repositories look here.
In order to consume these tools there is a prerequisite. You have to include two references in the project's build.versions file. One for the virgo-build-tools and one for the org.eclipse.equinox.launcher used to launch the tools.
The next step is to fetch virgo-build-tools. You just need to call the predefined target for that. Here's how
<antcall target="fetch-unzipped-virgo-build-tools"/>
This call fetches and unzips the virgo-build-tools of the specified version in the project's "${target.dir}/virgo-build-tools-${org.eclipse.virgo.build.tools}" directory.
Another way to achieve the same results is to add this ant target as a dependency to a target of your choice in which you plan to use any of the virgo-build-tools common targets. Here's how
<target name="p2.publish" depends="package, fetch-unzipped-virgo-build-tools" description="Publishes bundles, features and product">
Here's a list of all available p2 tools targets that can be consumed
p2.generate-inf Generates p2.inf-s for all feature directories inside a wrapping 'features' directory. p2.install-iu Installs one or more IUs to a target p2 installation's profile. p2.install-virgo-product Installs a Virgo product to a desired destination. Default profile(roaming) is VIRGOProfile, the environment cofigurations are ANY. p2.mirror-artifacts Mirrors an artifact set of rootIUs from a local or remote p2 repository to a local destination. The artifacts mirror app must be ran after the metadata one. p2.mirror-metadata Mirrors a metadata set of rootIUs from a local or remote p2 repository to a local destination. The metadata mirror app must be ran first. p2.publish-binary Publishes a single zipped artifact with unzip instructions to a p2 repository. p2.publish-binary-chmod Publishes a single zipped artifact with proper unzip and permissions instructions to a p2 repository. p2.publish-bundles-features Publishes bundles and features located in separate folders in the source location to a p2 repository. p2.publish-bundles-features-alt Alternative form. Publishes bundles and features passed as separate sources. p2.publish-category Categorizes features published in a p2 repository. p2.publish-product Publishes a product to a p2 repository. The publishing uses ANY environment configurations. p2.uninstall-iu Uninstalls one or more IUs to a target p2 installation's profile. convert-p2-to-ivy Prepares p2 repository artifacts for Ivy publishing
And an example of how to use each in the project's build.xml file
@Since 2.22 <antcall target="convert-p2-to-ivy"> <param name="tools.dir" value="${package.output.dir}"/> <param name="source.plugins.dir" value="${mirrored.repository.dir}/plugins"/> <param name="destination" value="${converted.repository.dir}"/> <param name="offset.to.virgo.build" value="../../../..virgo-build"/> <param name="updated.build.versions.location" value="${converted.repository.dir}/build.versions"/> </antcall>
@Since 2.22 <antcall target="p2.mirror-metadata"> <param name="tools.dir" value="${package.output.dir}"/> <param name="source" value="file:${repository.dir}"/> <param name="destination" value="${mirrored.repository.dir}"/> <param name="roots" value="testBundle"/> </antcall>
@Since 2.22 <antcall target="p2.mirror-artifacts"> <param name="tools.dir" value="${package.output.dir}"/> <param name="source" value="file:${repository.dir}"/> <param name="destination" value="${mirrored.repository.dir}"/> <param name="roots" value="testBundle"/> </antcall>
@Since 2.19 <antcall target="p2.generate-inf"> <param name="source" value="${target.dir}/assembly/features"/> </antcall>
@Since 2.15 <antcall target="p2.publish-binary"> <param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="source" value="${resources.location}"/> </antcall>
@Since 2.15<antcall target="p2.publish-binary-chmod">
<param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="source" value="${resources.location}"/> <param name="chmod.args" value="exampleFile.sh@/exampleLocation#755"/></antcall>
chmod.args accepts values with file@location#permission syntax. Where location is the path where the file is located relative to the root of the zip. For example if you want to give permissions to a file in the zip's root, location is must be /. Another example is /directory/example.
@Since 2.15 <antcall target="p2.publish-bundles-features"> <param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="source" value="${target.dir}/assembly"/> </antcall>
@Since 2.16<antcall target="p2.publish-bundles-features-alt">
<param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="bundles" value="${bundles.dir}"/> <param name="features" value="${features.dir}"/></antcall>
@Since 2.31<antcall target="p2.publish-product">
<param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="product.file.location" value="${p2.products.location}/example.product"/> <param name="javaprofile.location" value="${javaprofile.location}/java-server.profile"/></antcall>
@Since 2.15<antcall target="p2.publish-category">
<param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="category.file.location" value="${p2.category.dir}/category.xml"/></antcall>
@Since 2.15<antcall target="p2.install-virgo-product">
<param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="destination" value="${package.output.dir}"/> <param name="product.iu" value="example.product"/></antcall>
@Since 2.15<antcall target="p2.uninstall-iu">
<param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="destination" value="${destination.dir}"/> <param name="iu" value="exampleIU"/></antcall>
@Since 2.15<antcall target="p2.install-iu">
<param name="repository" value="${repository.dir}"/> <param name="destination" value="${destination.dir}"/> <param name="iu" value="exampleIU"/></antcall>
A real-world example is the build.xml of the Nano repository found here.
Updating Dependencies
In general, dependencies are declared in files named ivy.xml
Dependencies between Virgo components are a special case of this. The properties file build.versions
in the root directory of each git repository defines the versions of the Virgo components that the build will download. Updating any of the versions in build.versions
is error-prone as the same values occur in certain other files (which cannot use property substitution). To update a version in build.versions
, run the "update dependency" ruby script in the root folder of the git repository, for example:
~/virgo/packaging/scripts/update-dependency.rb -v <variable> -n <new version>
where <variable>
is the relevant property name in build.versions and <new version>
is the replacement version. The script will report the changes it makes and may issue warnings, so pay attention to its output.
Please ensure you are running the latest version of update-dependency
script by updating packaging
git repository.
Updating Eclipse dependencies
Virgo can consume artifacts from both Eclipse p2 repositories and Orbit. The Juno contribution is even required to consume the same artifacts that are present in Orbit and the other Juno-contributed p2 repositories. As of version 2.22 virgo-build is capable of doing this by introducing new ant targets and a new git repository called "eclipse-mirror". Building this repository mirrors the artifacts from a specified p2 repository, adds Ivy metadata and publishes them to the Ivy repositories at build.eclipse.org. From then on it's business as usual for virgo-build.
Virgo's Eclipse dependencies are updated manually, on-demand, without this being an automatic step of a ripple or a release process.
Here's how to do it:
1. The build.properties file in the eclipse-mirror repository contains two important properties
mirror.source - the URI to the p2 repository from which we will mirror mirror.ius - a coma-separated list of symbolic names that we want to mirror locally
Prior triggering the update process these properties must be set with the desired values. Note the source bundles need to be described in the IU list as well if they are needed.
Here's an example of both properties:
mirror.ius=\ org.eclipse.osgi,\ org.eclipse.osgi.source
Local locations are accepted as well:
2. Trigger ant build of the eclipse-mirror repository like this:
ant clean update-eclipse-artifacts
Even if some versions are already published the process will overwrite them, so it won't fail. As a result of this operation a new mirrored.build.versions file is generated in the repository root that contains the newly mirrored versions. In order to add them for propagation during a ripple copy the desired versions in the build.versions file of the eclipse-mirror repository.
All Eclipse artifacts are published with the distinctive Ivy organisation: "org.eclipse.virgo.mirrored"
3. Trigger a ripple or release to let the scripts propagate the updated versions upstream.
- The conversion from p2 to Ivy currently ignores any dependencies between bundles. Respecting these dependencies is currently under development but until then the mirrored and converted bundles and their dependencies need to be referenced explicitly.
- If the specified mirror.source contains more than one version of an IU all of them will be mirrored and converted which may lead to problems with the versions propagation. Use source repositories with single version, e.g. the release train repositories. Orbit usually contains more than one version, and often we are not using the latest one available so mirroring Orbit involves a manual step of choosing which version to use and deleting the others from the resulting build.versions file.
- Keep in mind the time to mirror a large number of artifacts depends on your network and how well you can connect to Eclpse servers. Usually it takes some time, so go treat yourself with a cup of coffee :-)
Hot-fixing third party dependencies
Sometimes we need to hot-fix an already used third party dependency until the upstream project produces an official release of this dependency with the desired fix. In order to do that first we must request the "modified" keyword added to the corresponding CQ. Then we make the fix, produce a jar or patch the original with the fixed class.
When you patch a jar make sure that it's new version qualifier ends with -virgo-<index>, where <index> is the modifications count. For instance the first modification of logback would be ch.qos.logback-1.0.0.timestamp-virgo-1.
If you produce a new jar through a build make sure to modify its filename and manifest to match the current version used in the build and the add the qualifier extension to it.
To make this hot-fixed version available for virgo-build follow these steps:
1. Clone the eclipse-mirror repo
2. Place the fixed jar into eclipse-mirror-root/hotfix/plugins
3. Place the fixed sources into eclipse-mirror-root/hotfix/source/<project-name>
4. Place a README file in eclipse-mirror-root/hotfix/source/<project-name> that points to the original source repository with the right tag
5. Go into build-eclipse-mirror and execute
ant clean update-hotfixed-artifacts
6. Update the build.versions file with the new versions from the hotfixed.build.versions file
That's it. Now you can refer to the hot-fixed artifacts from Ivy xmls.
Since the Virgo components form a directed, acyclic graph, changing the graph to use a new version of a specific component involves not only updating that version throughout the graph, but also updating the versions of the components which have been changed. This is the tedious process known as rippling and so the ripplor
ruby script was written to automate it. Essentially, Ripplor handles the most commonly updated components and flattens the dependency graph into a linear sequence. The sequence is (at the time of writing):
eclipse-mirror util test medic nano artifact-repository kernel kernel-tools web snaps apps documentation packaging
So, for example, if you change the kernel and want to produce a deliverable containing the updated kernel, you would run:
~/virgo/packaging/scripts/ripplor/ripplor.rb -r kernel
This would build and publish a new version of the kernel, update the dependency of the web layer on the newly built kernel, build and publish a new version of the web layer, update the dependency of the Virgo-supplied applications on the newly built web layer and kernel, and so on until it builds and publishes a new version of the packaged deliverable. This is called a ripple from kernel.
Ripplor (after 13May2010) allows a ripple to be executed across a list of repositories some in git.eclipse.org
and some in git.springsource.org
, though all of them are in git.eclipse.org
at the time of writing.
The definitive list of repositories and the order of a ripple is stored in the ripplor.rb
ruby script source.
Please ensure you are running the latest version of ripplor
script by updating packaging
git repository.
When should Ripplor be used?
In general, Ripplor is used any time a change needs to be propagated up the graph of dependent repositories. There are two main cases that cause this to happen.
- An external dependency needs to be upgraded in all modules of Virgo
- A change has been made to code in a repository (e.g. the kernel) which affects its externally visible behaviour. The code above (e.g. the web layer, Virgo-supplied applications, etc.) needs to be updated to see the changes.
Usage: ripplor.rb [-rbvmuc] Required arguments: -r, --repo=REPO The name of the starting repo Optional arguments: -b, --virgo-build-version=VIRGO-BUILD-VERSION The version to update Virgo Build to -v, --version=VARIABLE:VERSION[,...] Versions to substitute during the ripple -m, --map=REPO-MAP The property file containing a mapping from a repository name to a location (defaults to ~/repository.map) -u, --remote-user=REMOTE-USER User id to use for remote repository access -c, --branch=BRANCH-NAME The branch to be rippled (defaults to master) --dry-run Show what would happen but do not actually do anything
Option | Description |
-r | The name of the repository you want to start the ripple at. A typical repository name is util or kernel. |
-v | When updating a dependency use this flag to describe both the variable to update and the new version to update to. Can be a comma separated list if multiple dependencies need updating at the same time. |
-m | The location of the repository map file (see below). By default, this file is found in ~/repository.map, but in cases where you have more than one file (one for simple ripples, one for complex ripples that happen in your working copy) you may need to pass in this value. |
-u | The login name used for ssh access to the git.eclipse.org server. By default, this is the local login name. |
-c | The branch to be rippled. By default, this is master. |
Repository Map
By default, Ripplor checks out each repository working copy to the working directory that it was run from. If you are prepared to run Ripplor in a dedicated working directory, this is fine. However, if you run a ripple from within your development shell environment it can pollute your filesystem. To account for this, Ripplor takes a repository map file. This file tells Ripplor where to checkout a repository working copy to. The file itself is a simple mapping from a repository name to a filesystem location.osgi-extensions = ~/dev/ripplor/osgi-extensions util = ~/dev/ripplor/util ...
will be expanded to the current user's home directory.
Broken Build
Ripplor was smart enough to restart a failed ripple.
[If a ripple fails (due to test or compile failure), simply fix any problems in the working copy that Ripplor is using and restart the ripple at the same location you originally used. Ripplor will bring in any new commits since you last started the ripple and continue up the stack as done previously. This behaviour is very useful if you are rippling a breaking API change and need to fix code as the ripple moves upwards.]
How to rebuild a broken rippled repository
Use the normally executed for that repository targets plus one additional -D parameter:
ant -Dvirgo.deps.location=integration-repo clean clean-integration test
The important part here is to add the -Dvirgo.deps.location parameter. Its default value is "ivy-cache". It is automatically set by the ruby scripts. It is also not needed during a single repository build. Its purpose is to point the integration tests to the right location of the Virgo artifacts. During a ripple - the integration repo, during a single repo build - the ivy-cache.
Unfortunately this behaviour is broken, since the version updates (accumulated during the ripple and propagated up) are not correctly restored. Also, when committing the changes (to all the repositories) at the end, after a failure in the middle, not all of the rippled repositories will be committed at the end.
To re-start ripplor and fix a broken build you can use two strategies:
Restart from lowest
The standard solution at the moment is to push the repositories that succeeded by hand and start another ripple, with version updates that are likely to be lost inserted by hand on the ripplor command line. This is not perfect and a repeat of the ripple from the lowest point is safer.
A full ripple of all of the repositories takes an hour and a half or more, even on a high-end Mac.
Safe/Lucky points
Ripplor can be restarted from repository that contains all the version updates so far (this may be called a safe or lucky point). The repositories that contain all version updates:
- medic
- kernel
- web
- web-server
For example if the build broke at snaps you can re-start from the last successfully built safe repository. In our example this is the web repo.
Upgrading the version of Spring used in util and upward:
./ripplor.rb -r util -v "org.springframework:3.1.0.RELEASE" -m ~/ripple.repository.map
Rippling a breaking API change to kernel
./ripplor.rb -r kernel -m ~/workingcopy.repository.map
Releasing a Single Repository Project
Simply follow these steps to produce a release of a product that is within a single Git repository. The aim is to have a tag of the right name pointing to the codebase at release time and to leave master or the current development branch version at the next version ready for development to continue. Only committers can produce releases.
1. Create a new branch and make sure everything is up to date and clean
git pull git clean -f -d git submodule update --init git checkout -b release
2. Update the build.properties file to have the right version, have a release.type of 'release' (or 'milestone' if appropriate), and have a build.stamp with the appropriate version qualifier. For example:
version=1.1.0 release.type=release build.stamp=RELEASE
3. Do the build, commit the changes and then tag it with the version and release type appropriate. In order for publishing to eclipse to work you must have your ssh public key registered with the virgoBuild account.
cd build-xxx ant clean clean-integration clean-ivy test package publish-ivy publish-maven -Declipse.committerId=gnormington cd .. git add . git commit -m 'Build properties for the release 1.1.0.RELEASE' git tag 1.1.0.RELEASE
Note: if you need to publish to p2, add the target publish-updatesite-download to the above list.
Note: if you are building bundlor, until bug 384139 is fixed, remember to update the version in org.eclipse.virgo.bundlor.maven/src/main/resources/META-INF/maven/plugin.xml and follow these instructions for updating the composite p2 repository. Also, until bug 384138 is fixed the update site needs manually relocating.
4. After the tag go back to master and delete the release branch. The branch will still be available from the tag.
git checkout master git branch -D release
5. Back on master the build.properties file needs to be revved up to the following release for development to continue. Ensure the release type is still integration and that the build.stamp property is not present. Set the version to the following version of the product.
version=1.2.0 release.type=integration
6. Finally add, commit and push it all back up to origin. Ensure the new tag is also pushed up.
git add . git commit git push origin git push --tags
Once this is done the usual steps to make the release available on download servers and to make announcements should be followed. For Eclipse, a committer with a full shell should sftp in to build.eclipse.org and beam the file up. More information available here.
Releasing a Multi Repository Project
This is for any release of the full Virgo Server. It makes use of the Releasolor ruby script. This is very similar to Ripplor but it also performs the steps above for a single repository to all the repositories it visits. Only committers can produce releases.
The usage instructions are:
Usage: releaselor.rb [-vqtnbmurcghjkd] Required arguments: -v, --version=VERSION The version number of the release -q, --build-stamp=BUILD-STAMP The build stamp for the release, e.g. M01, RELEASE -t, --release-type=RELEASE-TYPE The release type for the release, e.g. milestone, release -n, --new-version=NEW-VERSION The new version number to be used after the release
Optional arguments:
-b, --virgo-build-version=VIRGO-BUILD-VERSION The version to update Virgo Build to -m, --map=REPOSITORY-MAP The property file containing a mapping from a repository name to a location (defaults to ~/repository.map) -u, --remote-user=REMOTE-USER User id to use for remote repository access (defaults to local login id) -r, --product-release=PRODUCT The product to be released, kernel, web-server, virgo, full-product (defaults to releasing all the virgo repos) -c, --branch=BRANCH-NAME The branch to be released (defaults to master) -g, --gemini-version=GEMINI-BUILD-VERSION When producing a full-product build the Gemini version must be given -h, --gemini-build-stamp=GEMINI-BUILD-STAMP The build stamp for the Gemini Web release, e.g. M01, RELEASE -j, --gemini-release-type=GEMINI-RELEASE-TYPE The release type for the Gemini Web release, e.g. milestone, release -k, --gemini-new-version=GEMINI-NEW-VERSION The new Gemini Web version number to be used after the release -d, --gemini-branch=BRANCH-NAME The Gemini Web branch to be released (defaults to master) --dry-run Show what would happen but do not actually do anything
An example invocation for a release is:
./releaselor.rb -v 2.0.1 -s RELEASE -t release -n 2.0.2 -u cfrost -r kernel
This will release the Kernel only at 2.0.1 and leave the repos versioned 2.0.2 for work to continue after the release. Repos other than those needed for the kernel will not be modified.
For 3.0 release including Gemini Web at 2.0.1 you may use:
./releaselor.rb -v 3.0.0 -q RELEASE -t release -n 3.0.1 -c 3.0.x -g 2.0.0 -h RELEASE -j release -k 2.0.1 -d 2.0.x -r full-product -u cfrost
An example invocations for a milestone including Gemini Web is:
./releaselor.rb -v 3.0.0 -q M01 -t milestone -n 3.0.0 -g 1.2.0 -h M02 -j milestone -k 1.2.0 -u cfrost -r full-product
An example invocation for a release not including Gemini Web is:
./releaselor.rb -v 3.0.0 -q RELEASE -t release -n 3.1.0 -u cfrost -r virgo
Virgo Tooling Builds
Jenkins Builds
Virgo Tooling for the Eclipse IDE is built using the same toolchain as the rest of the Virgo project. The job can be found here: https://ci.eclipse.org/virgo/view/Tooling/.
[How to build from the command line?]
Building in Eclipse
If you want to explore, modify or contribute to the Virgo Tools, follow these steps to setup your workspace:
- In most (but not all) cases, you'll want to have JEE and WTP features installed.
- Clone the git repos at http://git.eclipse.org/c/virgo/org.eclipse.virgo.ide.git/
- Import all of the projects within the repos.
- Add Virgo IDE dependencies to your target platform [What if I haven't got a target platform? How do I create one? Does it need any special contents or configuration?]. The best way to do that is to add the composite update site at http://download.eclipse.org/virgo/snapshot/tooling to your target platform and select the following items only. You'll need to uncheck "Group Items by Category" to see all of these.
- All Libra Features
- Eclipse Virgo Bundlor
- Eclipse Virgo Kernel
- Eclipse Virgo Medic
- Eclipse Virgo Utils
To launch the Virgo tools, just
- Add all features but *..tests to an Eclipse runtime.
- Add any WTP or JEE features appropriate for your target environment.
- Be sure to select "Add Required Plugins".
Building Documentation
The Eclipse documentation builds from the same documentation source as the rest of the Virgo build, all of which is maintained in the documentation repos. Currently, Eclipse doc builds are invoked manually. See this bug for more information.
- If you do not already have it, clone the documentation repos at: http://git.eclipse.org/c/virgo/org.eclipse.virgo.documentation.git/.
- The build should be in a parallel directory to your tooling repos. Alternatively, you can set the
property to the location of the documentation repos. - Optional: Update the Wiki Docs, see below.
- From org.eclipse.virgo.ide.doc, execute "Build Virgo Docs" in External Tools. (This launches the build.xml using the workspace JRE.)
Updating Wiki Text Documentation
We are also re-providing this Wiki documentation as part of the Eclipse Virgo feature. Unfortunately, we aren't able to update those documents automatically, as that would require committing changes into git, and resolving ordering issues there. Currently, the process works like this:
- Execute ant build.xml in wiki-guide. This:
- Causes the Wiki Text to be built for use in the Virgo IDE Documentation.
- Builds docbook xml for use in the tooling-guide, and copies the relevant XML to that guide.
- Execute the IDE build as described above.
- The Virgo documentation will be updated with the tooling guide additions during the next scheduled Virgo docs build.
Editing Media Wiki Documents
Note that there is now mediawiki support for the tooling documentation. This means that you can use mediawiki to write documentation, and we can easily crowd-source the latest documentation from the Virgo wiki pages. You can mix and match mediawiki documentation with ordinary docbook documentation. Just be sure not to edit mediawiki produced docs in the wikixml directory directly as they will be overwritten ! To build the wiki docs, just call:
ant wiki-to-docbook
- Each wikitext document is a chapter.
- To add a new chapter to the tooling docs, edit
and add the chapter to thexi:include
entries with the path../wikixml/your_chapter.xml
(This is not a build time task, it's simply an aid for creating the entire documentation set.)


text:
Name Last modified Size Description
Parent Directory - sparc/ 2016-01-20 18:57 - sparc64/ 2016-01-20 18:58 -
Note: The Fedora releases here are no longer supported or maintained, so they do not receive bug fixes or security updates. We do not recommend using these releases any more. To obtain the latest, supported version of Fedora, please refer to the main download page.
For more information about Fedora's support cycle see the life cycle page.


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Other ways to say %1$s [%2$s]
How to use
Examples are automatically generated. The results may not be exact or error-free.


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