text:
PITTSBURGH (AP) — An ongoing U.S. Environmental Protection Agency study on natural gas drilling and its potential for groundwater contamination has gotten tentative praise so far from both industry and environmental groups.
Glenn Paulson, the EPA's science adviser, describes the project as "one of the most aggressive public outreach programs in EPA history."
The final report won't come out until late 2014. But a 275-page progress report was released in December and, for all its details, shows that the EPA doesn't plan to address one contentious issue — how often drinking water contamination might occur.
Congress ordered the EPA to study the potential effects of hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, which entails blasting a mixture of water, sand and hazardous chemicals at underground shale to release the gas or oil captured in the rock.
As a gas rush surged in parts of the Marcellus Shale region that underlies Pennsylvania, New York, Ohio and West Virginia concerns arose for the watershed that provides drinking water for 17 million people from Philadelphia to New York City.
For the study, the EPA is talking to experts from the industry, the environmental community, and universities. It's conducting its own research and using federal supercomputers to analyze the possibility of contamination.
In the report, the EPA describes what it is and isn't studying. The agency also indicates its final report won't provide a measurement of the likelihood of contamination — for example, once every 100,000 wells or once every 1,000.
The industry and many federal and state officials say fracking is safe when done properly, but environmental groups and some scientists contend the risk of contamination is too great.
Earthworks, an environmental group based in Washington, said it welcomes the EPA study but has concerns with plans not to include some probability of groundwater contamination in the final report.
The EPA had planned to do both computer simulations of water contamination and actual field tests at drilling sites. But the agency hasn't found a drilling company to partner with to test groundwater around a drilling site. That leaves the computer simulations. But the EPA said those won't be able to address the likelihood of contamination "occurring during actual field operations."
"In its inability to find a single company willing to test water quality before and after drilling and fracking, the EPA is being thwarted in perhaps the most important part of its study of fracking's impacts," Earthworks said in a statement.
"Computer simulations are not enough," Alan Septoff, a spokesman for Earthworks, said.
He said the EPA study and any future studies should consider the likelihood of water contamination.
The EPA did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
The progress report says the EPA is studying the possible impact on drinking water at several stages of the fracking process: when water is drawn from reservoirs or underground sources and used for fracking; when a chemical mix is injected into the ground to break up rock; when wastewater from fracking is disposed of; how the drilling wells and wastewater-storage wells are constructed; and the potential for toxic fluids to migrate from deep underground to near-surface drinking water supplies.
The American Petroleum Institute, an industry lobby based in Washington, said in a statement that the progress report "is just the first step in a multi-year research study."
"More collaboration, continued transparency and stakeholder involvement are essential elements for any scientifically sound study, and we hope that the rest of this process remains open and any data released has the necessary context," API policy adviser Stephanie Meadows said.
Despite its concerns, Earthworks described the EPA study as a positive step.
"It represents a step towards EPA's first real scientific inquiry into the safety of fracking," the group said.
Online: www.epa.gov/hfstudy


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text:
Why Is My Voice Changing?
A changing voice is one of the many developments that happen to both girls and guys when they reach puberty. Learn more about what happens when someone's voice is changing.
What Causes My Voice to Change?
At puberty, guys' bodies begin producing a lot of the hormone testosterone (pronounced: tes-TOSS-tuh-rone), which causes changes in several parts of the body, including the voice. For starters, a guy's larynx (pronounced: LAIR-inks), also known as the voice box, grows bigger.
The larynx, which is located in the throat at the top of the trachea (pronounced: TRAY-kee-uh) or windpipe, is like a hollow tube about 2 inches (5 centimeters) high. The larynx is responsible for creating the sound of your voice.
Stretched across your larynx are two muscles, your vocal cords, which are kind of like rubber bands. When you breathe, your vocal cords relax against the walls of the larynx and completely open to allow air to get in and out of your lungs. When you speak, though, your vocal cords close together by stretching across the larynx. Air from your lungs is then forced out between your vocal cords, causing them to vibrate and produce the tone of your voice.
When you lower your voice, your vocal cords are relaxed and more floppy. When you make your voice higher, your vocal cords tighten. (You can notice this difference in how they feel as you adjust your speech.)
As your larynx grows, your vocal cords grow longer and thicker. Also, your facial bones begin to grow. Cavities in the sinuses, the nose, and the back of the throat grow bigger, creating more space in the face that gives your voice more room to echo. All of these factors cause your voice to get deeper.
Think of a guitar. When a thin string is plucked, it vibrates and produces a high-sounding tone. When a thicker string is plucked, it sounds much deeper when it vibrates. That's kind of what happens to your voice. Before your growth spurt, your larynx is relatively small and your vocal cords are relatively thin. So your voice is high and kid-like. But as bones, cartilage, and vocal cords grow, your voice starts to sound like an adult's.
Along with all the other changes in your body, you might notice that your throat area looks a little different. For guys, when the larynx grows bigger, it tilts to a different angle and you can see a bump in the front of the throat called the Adam's apple. For girls, the larynx also grows bigger but not as much as a guy's. That's why girls don't have Adam's apples.
Why Is My Voice So Hard to Control?
While your body is getting used to these changes, your voice can be difficult to control. A guy's voice "cracks" or "breaks" because his body is getting used to the changing size of his larynx. Fortunately, the cracking and breaking is only temporary. It usually lasts no longer than a few months. And even during that time, your voice won't crack every time you speak.
Some guys' voices might drop gradually, whereas others' might drop quickly. You may feel concerned, stressed, or embarrassed about the sound of your voice, but people usually understand — especially friends or brothers who've gone through it, too. Everyone goes through it, and once it happens, it takes a while to adjust to your larger larynx and the new sound of your voice.
When Will My Voice Change?
You may have noticed that some of your friends have cracking and breaking voices, some might already have deep voices, and some still have the same voice they've always had. Everyone's timetable is different, so some voices might start to change earlier and some might start a little later.
Generally, a guy's voice will start to change somewhere between the ages of 11 and 15 — although it can be earlier or later for some. It all depends on when a guy goes through puberty, and some normal guys enter puberty earlier or later than others.
How Deep Will My Voice Get?
The larger a guy's larynx, the thicker the vocal cords, and the bigger the resonating area, the deeper his voice will be.
Once your larynx has grown, your voice will be more stable and easier to control. But even then your voice hasn't finished developing! Even after the change that happens in your teens, your voice continues to develop. Although the squeaking and cracking stage doesn't last long, most guys' voices don't fully mature until they're in their twenties.
Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
© 1995- The Nemours Foundation. KidsHealth® is a registered trademark of The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.
Images sourced by The Nemours Foundation and Getty Images.


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The 48 Laws of Power, and Other Secret Archives
Law 1 Never Outshine the Master
Always make those above you feel comfortably superior. In your desire to please or impress them, do not go too far in displaying your talents or you might accomplish the opposite inspire fear and insecurity. Make your masters appear more brilliant than they are and you will attain the heights of power.
Law 2 Never put too Much Trust in Friends, Learn how to use Enemies
Be wary of friends-they will betray you more quickly, for they are easily aroused to envy. They also become spoiled and tyrannical. But hire a former enemy and he will be more loyal than a friend, because he has more to prove. In fact, you have more to fear from friends than from enemies. If you have no enemies, find a way to make them.
Law 3 Conceal your Intentions
Keep people off-balance and in the dark by never revealing the purpose behind your actions. If they have no clue what you are up to, they cannot prepare a defense. Guide them far enough down the wrong path, envelope them in enough smoke, and by the time they realize your intentions, it will be too late.
Law 4 Always Say Less than Necessary
When you are trying to impress people with words, the more you say, the more common you appear, and the less in control. Even if you are saying something banal, it will seem original if you make it vague, open-ended, and sphinxlike. Powerful people impress and intimidate by saying less. The more you say, the more likely you are to say something foolish.
Law 5 So Much Depends on Reputation Guard it with your Life
Reputation is the cornerstone of power. Through reputation alone you can intimidate and win; once you slip, however, you are vulnerable, and will be attacked on all sides. Make your reputation unassailable. Always be alert to potential attacks and thwart them before they happen. Meanwhile, learn to destroy your enemies by opening holes in their own reputations. Then stand aside and let public opinion hang them.
Law 6 Court Attention at all Cost
Everything is judged by its appearance; what is unseen counts for nothing. Never let yourself get lost in the crowd, then, or buried in oblivion. Stand out. Be conspicuous, at all cost. Make yourself a magnet of attention by appearing larger, more colorful, more mysterious, than the bland and timid masses.
Law 7 Get others to do the Work for you, but Always Take the Credit
Use the wisdom, knowledge, and legwork of other people to further your own cause. Not only will such assistance save you valuable time and energy, it will give you a godlike aura of efficiency and speed. In the end your helpers will be forgotten and you will be remembered. Never do yourself what others can do for you.
Law 8 Make other People come to you use Bait if Necessary
When you force the other person to act, you are the one in control. It is always better to make your opponent come to you, abandoning his own plans in the process. Lure him with fabulous gains then attack. You hold the cards.
Law 9 Win through your Actions, Never through Argument
Any momentary triumph you think gained through argument is really a Pyrrhic victory: The resentment and ill will you stir up is stronger and lasts longer than any momentary change of opinion. It is much more powerful to get others to agree with you through your actions, without saying a word. Demonstrate, do not explicate.
Law 10 Infection: Avoid the Unhappy and Unlucky
You can die from someone elses misery emotional states are as infectious as disease. You may feel you are helping the drowning man but you are only precipitating your own disaster. The unfortunate sometimes draw misfortune on themselves; they will also draw it on you. Associate with the happy and fortunate instead.
Law 11 Learn to Keep People Dependent on You
To maintain your independence you must always be needed and wanted. The more you are relied on, the more freedom you have. Make people depend on you for their happiness and prosperity and you have nothing to fear. Never teach them enough so that they can do without you.
Law 12 Use Selective Honesty and Generosity to Disarm your Victim
One sincere and honest move will cover over dozens of dishonest ones. Open-hearted gestures of honesty and generosity bring down the guard of even the most suspicious people. Once your selective honesty opens a hole in their armor, you can deceive and manipulate them at will. A timely gift a Trojan horse will serve the same purpose.
Law 13 When Asking for Help, Appeal to Peoples Self-Interest, Never to their Mercy or Gratitude
If you need to turn to an ally for help, do not bother to remind him of your past assistance and good deeds. He will find a way to ignore you. Instead, uncover something in your request, or in your alliance with him, that will benefit him, and emphasize it out of all proportion. He will respond enthusiastically when he sees something to be gained for himself.
Law 14 Pose as a Friend, Work as a Spy
Knowing about your rival is critical. Use spies to gather valuable information that will keep you a step ahead. Better still: Play the spy yourself. In polite social encounters, learn to probe. Ask indirect questions to get people to reveal their weaknesses and intentions. There is no occasion that is not an opportunity for artful spying.
Law 15 Crush your Enemy Totally
All great leaders since Moses have known that a feared enemy must be crushed completely. (Sometimes they have learned this the hard way.) If one ember is left alight, no matter how dimly it smolders, a fire will eventually break out. More is lost through stopping halfway than through total annihilation: The enemy will recover, and will seek revenge. Crush him, not only in body but in spirit.
Law 16 Use Absence to Increase Respect and Honor
Too much circulation makes the price go down: The more you are seen and heard from, the more common you appear. If you are already established in a group, temporary withdrawal from it will make you more talked about, even more admired. You must learn when to leave. Create value through scarcity.
Law 17 Keep Others in Suspended Terror: Cultivate an Air of Unpredictability
Humans are creatures of habit with an insatiable need to see familiarity in other peoples actions. Your predictability gives them a sense of control. Turn the tables: Be deliberately unpredictable. Behavior that seems to have no consistency or purpose will keep them off-balance, and they will wear themselves out trying to explain your moves. Taken to an extreme, this strategy can intimidate and terrorize.
Law 18 Do Not Build Fortresses to Protect Yourself Isolation is Dangerous
The world is dangerous and enemies are everywhere everyone has to protect themselves. A fortress seems the safest. But isolation exposes you to more dangers than it protects you from it cuts you off from valuable information, it makes you conspicuous and an easy target. Better to circulate among people find allies, mingle. You are shielded from your enemies by the crowd.
Law 19 Know Who Youre Dealing with Do Not Offend the Wrong Person
There are many different kinds of people in the world, and you can never assume that everyone will react to your strategies in the same way. Deceive or outmaneuver some people and they will spend the rest of their lives seeking revenge. They are wolves in lambs clothing. Choose your victims and opponents carefully, then never offend or deceive the wrong person.
Law 20 Do Not Commit to Anyone
It is the fool who always rushes to take sides. Do not commit to any side or cause but yourself. By maintaining your independence, you become the master of others playing people against one another, making them pursue you.
Law 21 Play a Sucker to Catch a Sucker Seem Dumber than your Mark
No one likes feeling stupider than the next persons. The trick, is to make your victims feel smart and not just smart, but smarter than you are. Once convinced of this, they will never suspect that you may have ulterior motives.
Law 22 Use the Surrender Tactic: Transform Weakness into Power
When you are weaker, never fight for honors sake; choose surrender instead. Surrender gives you time to recover, time to torment and irritate your conqueror, time to wait for his power to wane. Do not give him the satisfaction of fighting and defeating you surrender first. By turning the other check you infuriate and unsettle him. Make surrender a tool of power.
Law 23 Concentrate Your Forces
Conserve your forces and energies by keeping them concentrated at their strongest point. You gain more by finding a rich mine and mining it deeper, than by flitting from one shallow mine to another intensity defeats extensity every time. When looking for sources of power to elevate you, find the one key patron, the fat cow who will give you milk for a long time to come.
Law 24 Play the Perfect Courtier
The perfect courtier thrives in a world where everything revolves around power and political dexterity. He has mastered the art of indirection; he flatters, yields to superiors, and asserts power over others in the mot oblique and graceful manner. Learn and apply the laws of courtiership and there will be no limit to how far you can rise in the court.
Law 25 Re-Create Yourself
Do not accept the roles that society foists on you. Re-create yourself by forging a new identity, one that commands attention and never bores the audience. Be the master of your own image rather than letting others define if for you. Incorporate dramatic devices into your public gestures and actions your power will be enhanced and your character will seem larger than life.
Law 26 Keep Your Hands Clean
You must seem a paragon of civility and efficiency: Your hands are never soiled by mistakes and nasty deeds. Maintain such a spotless appearance by using others as scapegoats and cats-paws to disguise your involvement.
Law 27 Play on Peoples Need to Believe to Create a Cultlike Following
People have an overwhelming desire to believe in something. Become the focal point of such desire by offering them a cause, a new faith to follow. Keep your words vague but full of promise; emphasize enthusiasm over rationality and clear thinking. Give your new disciples rituals to perform, ask them to make sacrifices on your behalf. In the absence of organized religion and grand causes, your new belief system will bring you untold power.
Law 28 Enter Action with Boldness
If you are unsure of a course of action, do not attempt it. Your doubts and hesitations will infect your execution. Timidity is dangerous: Better to enter with boldness. Any mistakes you commit through audacity are easily corrected with more audacity. Everyone admires the bold; no one honors the timid.
Law 29 Plan All the Way to the End
The ending is everything. Plan all the way to it, taking into account all the possible consequences, obstacles, and twists of fortune that might reverse your hard work and give the glory to others. By planning to the end you will not be overwhelmed by circumstances and you will know when to stop. Gently guide fortune and help determine the future by thinking far ahead.
Law 30 Make your Accomplishments Seem Effortless
Your actions must seem natural and executed with ease. All the toil and practice that go into them, and also all the clever tricks, must be concealed. When you act, act effortlessly, as if you could do much more. Avoid the temptation of revealing how hard you work it only raises questions. Teach no one your tricks or they will be used against you.
Law 31 Control the Options: Get Others to Play with the Cards you Deal
The best deceptions are the ones that seem to give the other person a choice: Your victims feel they are in control, but are actually your puppets. Give people options that come out in your favor whichever one they choose. Force them to make choices between the lesser of two evils, both of which serve your purpose. Put them on the horns of a dilemma: They are gored wherever they turn.
Law 32 Play to Peoples Fantasies
The truth is often avoided because it is ugly and unpleasant. Never appeal to truth and reality unless you are prepared for the anger that comes for disenchantment. Life is so harsh and distressing that people who can manufacture romance or conjure up fantasy are like oases in the desert: Everyone flocks to them. There is great power in tapping into the fantasies of the masses.
Law 33 Discover Each Mans Thumbscrew
Everyone has a weakness, a gap in the castle wall. That weakness is usual y an insecurity, an uncontrollable emotion or need; it can also be a small secret pleasure. Either way, once found, it is a thumbscrew you can turn to your advantage.
Law 34 Be Royal in your Own Fashion: Act like a King to be treated like one
The way you carry yourself will often determine how you are treated; In the long run, appearing vulgar or common will make people disrespect you. For a king respects himself and inspires the same sentiment in others. By acting regally and confident of your powers, you make yourself seem destined to wear a crown.
Law 35 Master the Art of Timing
Never seem to be in a hurry hurrying betrays a lack of control over yourself, and over time. Always seem patient, as if you know that everything will come to you eventually. Become a detective of the right moment; sniff out the spirit of the times, the trends that will carry you to power. Learn to stand back when the time is not yet ripe, and to strike fiercely when it has reached fruition.
Law 36 Disdain Things you cannot have: Ignoring them is the best Revenge
By acknowledging a petty problem you give it existence and credibility. The more attention you pay an enemy, the stronger you make him; and a small mistake is often made worse and more visible when you try to fix it. It is sometimes best to leave things alone. If there is something you want but cannot have, show contempt for it. The less interest you reveal, the more superior you seem.
Law 37 Create Compelling Spectacles
Striking imagery and grand symbolic gestures create the aura of power everyone responds to them. Stage spectacles for those around you, then full of arresting visuals and radiant symbols that heighten your presence. Dazzled by appearances, no one will notice what you are really doing.
Law 38 Think as you like but Behave like others
If you make a show of going against the times, flaunting your unconventional ideas and unorthodox ways, people will think that you only want attention and that you look down upon them. They will find a way to punish you for making them feel inferior. It is far safer to blend in and nurture the common touch. Share your originality only with tolerant friends and those who are sure to appreciate your uniqueness.
Law 39 Stir up Waters to Catch Fish
Anger and emotion are strategically counterproductive. You must always stay calm and objective. But if you can make your enemies angry while staying calm yourself, you gain a decided advantage. Put your enemies off-balance: Find the chink in their vanity through which you can rattle them and you hold the strings.
Law 40 Despise the Free Lunch
What is offered for free is dangerous it usually involves either a trick or a hidden obligation. What has worth is worth paying for. By paying your own way you stay clear of gratitude, guilt, and deceit. It is also often wise to pay the full price there is no cutting corners with excellence. Be lavish with your money and keep it circulating, for generosity is a sign and a magnet for power.
Law 41 Avoid Stepping into a Great Mans Shoes
What happens first always appears better and more original than what comes after. If you succeed a great man or have a famous parent, you will have to accomplish double their achievements to outshine them. Do not get lost in their shadow, or stuck in a past not of your own making: Establish your own name and identity by changing course. Slay the overbearing father, disparage his legacy, and gain power by shining in your own way.
Law 42 Strike the Shepherd and the Sheep will Scatter
Trouble can often be traced to a single strong individual the stirrer, the arrogant underling, the poisoned of goodwill. If you allow such people room to operate, others will succumb to their influence. Do not wait for the troubles they cause to multiply, do not try to negotiate with them they are irredeemable. Neutralize their influence by isolating or banishing them. Strike at the source of the trouble and the sheep will scatter.
Law 43 Work on the Hearts and Minds of Others
Coercion creates a reaction that will eventually work against you. You must seduce others into wanting to move in your direction. A person you have seduced becomes your loyal pawn. And the way to seduce others is to operate on their individual psychologies and weaknesses. Soften up the resistant by working on their emotions, playing on what they hold dear and what they fear. Ignore the hearts and minds of others and they will grow to hate you.
Law 44 Disarm and Infuriate with the Mirror Effect
The mirror reflects reality, but it is also the perfect tool for deception: When you mirror your enemies, doing exactly as they do, they cannot figure out your strategy. The Mirror Effect mocks and humiliates them, making them overreact. By holding up a mirror to their psyches, you seduce them with the illusion that you share their values; by holding up a mirror to their actions, you teach them a lesson. Few can resist the power of Mirror Effect.
Law 45 Preach the Need for Change, but Never Reform too much at Once
Everyone understands the need for change in the abstract, but on the day-to-day level people are creatures of habit. Too much innovation is traumatic, and will lead to revolt. If you are new to a position of power, or an outsider trying to build a power base, make a show of respecting the old way of doing things. If change is necessary, make it feel like a gentle improvement on the past.
Law 46 Never appear too Perfect
Appearing better than others is always dangerous, but most dangerous of all is to appear to have no faults or weaknesses. Envy creates silent enemies. It is smart to occasionally display defects, and admit to harmless vices, in order to deflect envy and appear more human and approachable. Only gods and the dead can seem perfect with impunity.
Law 47 Do not go Past the Mark you Aimed for; In Victory, Learn when to Stop
The moment of victory is often the moment of greatest peril. In the heat of victory, arrogance and overconfidence can push you past the goal you had aimed for, and by going too far, you make more enemies than you defeat. Do not allow success to go to your head. There is no substitute for strategy and careful planning. Set a goal, and when you reach it, stop.
Law 48 Assume Formlessness
By taking a shape, by having a visible plan, you open yourself to attack. Instead of taking a form for your enemy to grasp, keep yourself adaptable and on the move. Accept the fact that nothing is certain and no law is fixed. The best way to protect yourself is to be as fluid and formless as water; never bet on stability or lasting order. Everything changes. _RobertGreene.net 48 Laws of Power
Power, Seduction, and War . . . the blog of Robert Greene
The 48 Laws of Power at Amazon.com
Free Online Library: Works on Strategy and War (Includes Machievelli, Sun Tzu, von Clauswitz, etc) click on the book you wish to study
The Occult Technology of Power
As always on the Al Fin blog, we do not attempt to move anyone to adopt a particular point of view. Our purposes are almost exclusively to inform and to provoke.
Everything you think you know, just ain't so. Until you figure that out, you are only going to be taken advantage of by folks who have a better feel for the deep inner grit of things.
H/T Foseti
Labels: strategy


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Mini-Goals Even if you're not at goal yet, this is the place to share your successes and achievements along the way! Success can be measured in many ways besides the scales. Tell us about your triumphs, including Non Scale Victories |
All times are GMT -4. The time now is 03:29 PM.


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Chapter 61. Index Access Method Interface Definition
Table of Contents
This chapter defines the interface between the core PostgreSQL system and index access methods , which manage individual index types. The core system knows nothing about indexes beyond what is specified here, so it is possible to develop entirely new index types by writing add-on code.
All indexes in
are what are known
technically as
secondary indexes
; that is, the index is
physically separate from the table file that it describes. Each index
is stored as its own physical
and so is described
by an entry in the
catalog. The contents of an
index are entirely under the control of its index access method. In
practice, all index access methods divide indexes into standard-size
pages so that they can use the regular storage manager and buffer manager
to access the index contents. (All the existing index access methods
furthermore use the standard page layout described in
Section 69.6
, and most use the same format for index
tuple headers; but these decisions are not forced on an access method.)
An index is effectively a mapping from some data key values to tuple identifiers , or TIDs , of row versions (tuples) in the index's parent table. A TID consists of a block number and an item number within that block (see Section 69.6 ). This is sufficient information to fetch a particular row version from the table. Indexes are not directly aware that under MVCC, there might be multiple extant versions of the same logical row; to an index, each tuple is an independent object that needs its own index entry. Thus, an update of a row always creates all-new index entries for the row, even if the key values did not change. ( HOT tuples are an exception to this statement; but indexes do not deal with those, either.) Index entries for dead tuples are reclaimed (by vacuuming) when the dead tuples themselves are reclaimed.


text: The NIV Study Bible is the #1 bestselling study Bible in the world's most popular modern English Bible translation--the New International Version. This best-loved NIV Study Bible features a stunning four-color interior with full-color photographs, maps, charts, and illustrations. Since its first release in 1985, the Gold Medallion Award-winning NIV Study Bible has become the treasured and trusted companion of over nine million Bible readers. The in-depth notes are coded to highlight notes of special interest in the areas of character study, archaeology, and personal application. Visually arresting section breaks help you find your bearing in the Bible. Full-color photos, maps, and illustrations make this study Bible accessible and friendly. Referred to daily by millions of pastors, students, church leaders, and other Bible readers around the world, the over-20,000 NIV Study Bible notes are the handiwork of the same translation team that produced this Bible's text. The very best evangelical scholarship that brought you today's most popular modern English Bible also contributed to the most celebrated and widely used study notes in existence. All of these features, and more, also make it perfect for homeschool use. Like no other Bible, the NIV Study Bible places an entire resource library for Bible study in your hands. Features: - Full text of the world's most popular modern English Bible--the New International Version (NIV) - Over 20,000 study notes, with icons to make important information easy to spot - Introductions and outlines provide valuable background information for each book of the Bible - In-text maps, charts, diagrams, and illustrations visually clarify the stories in the Bible - 16 pages of full-color maps plus time lines and presentation page - Words of Christ in red - NIV concordance plus subject and study notes indexes


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Ministerial Policy Statements set out the performance and plans of Spending Agencies, linking them with their policy objectives. Ministers present these statements to Parliament following the presentation of the Budget by the Minister of Finance. These statements are used by Parliament to assess sector (Spending Agency) performance. This role of Parliament is provided for under Section 6 (1) of the Budget Act (2001).
They summarise the past performance of the sector and the plans for future expenditure and activities. They outline anticipated sectoral challenges and strategies to overcome them. They also present: planned outputs and the costing; final work plans; cash plans; and staffing structure and procurement plans of the sector.
Financial Year:


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Screening for Hearing Problems
In children
The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends that all newborns be screened for hearing loss.footnote 1 Many states require newborn hearing tests for all babies born in hospitals. Talk to your doctor about whether your child has been or should be tested. Even if the newborn test did not show hearing loss, hearing problems could arise.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends objective hearing testing for all newborns. Objective hearing tests are also recommended for all children at ages 4, 5, 6, 8, and 10.footnote 2
Hearing tests may be a part of well-child appointments.
Some hearing problems can delay your child's speech and language development. Early screening for hearing loss can help prevent many learning, social, and emotional problems that can be related to speech and language development.footnote 3
In most hearing tests, your child responds to how well he or she hears a series of tones or words (subjective testing). Hearing is also tested by examining your child's ears or by using an instrument to measure how the ears react to sound (objective testing). In objective testing, your child is not asked to respond to sounds.
Call your doctor if at any time you suspect your child has a hearing problem, such as if your baby does not seem to respond to loud noises or your young child is not making sounds or talking at the expected ages.
In adults
Gradual hearing loss can affect people of all ages. You may not be aware of it, especially if the loss has happened over time. Your family members or friends may notice that you're having trouble understanding what others are saying. If you have concerns about your hearing, talk to your doctor during routine visits.
Related Information
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2008). Universal Screening for Hearing Loss in Newborns: Recommendation Statement. Available online: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/newbornhear/newbhearrs.htm.
- Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Bright Futures Periodicity Schedule Workgroup (2014). 2014 recommendations for pediatric preventive health care. Pediatrics, published online February 24, 2014. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013–4096. Accessed March 7, 2014.
- Joint Committee on Infant Hearing, American Academy of Pediatrics (2007). Year 2007 position statement: Principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs. Pediatrics, 120(4): 898–921. Also available online: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/120/4/898.
Current as of: May 4, 2022
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
William H. Blahd Jr. MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine
Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine
Charles M. Myer III MD - Otolaryngology
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Current as of: May 4, 2022
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:William H. Blahd Jr. MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine & Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine & Charles M. Myer III MD - Otolaryngology


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National Institute of Speech & Hearing
Accredited as Excellent Institution by RCI | Accredited by NAAC with B++ Grade
Diploma in Early Childhood Special Education (Hearing Impairment) - DECSE (HI) is a diploma programme introduced by the Rehabilitation Council of India (RCI) from 2001.
The programme aims at generating quality teachers who could meet the challenges of the millennium for sustained development in children with hearing impairment in the age range from birth to six years.
Examination for the programme is conducted by Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for Hearing Handicapped (AYJNIHH), Mumbai. RCI will provide the certificate of registration.
Duration of the programme is 1 year (July - May). The curriculum consists of theory and practical classes in the field of education of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing.
Admission Eligibility-
Those who apply for the programme should have obtained a minimum of 50% of the aggregate (45% in case of SC/ST candidates) in the plus two examination or its equivalent examination from a recognized Central/State Board of Education.
Preference will be given to parents, siblings and family members of deaf and hard of hearing children who satisfy the prescribed qualification.
Admission procedure
Admission to the course will be made on the basis of the results of All India Online Aptitude Test by RCI.


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Statue of Liberty Neon Sign
The Statue of Liberty Neon Sign is an excellent way to show your patriotism. This product is a must-have for any American home. The Statue of Liberty Neon Sign is a replica of the famous Statue of Liberty in New York City.
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Borrowing money can be an expensive proposition. Even at relatively low interest rates, you may be surprised at the amount of interest you pay over the life of a loan. This calculator is designed to help you estimate the true cost of that loan you may be considering.
The results below show the monthly payment amount, the interest cost, and the potential tax savings (if the interest on your loan is tax deductible) for the loan you are considering. It may surprise you to learn that for a long-term loan, such as a 30-year mortgage, you could pay more in interest over the life of the loan than you originally borrowed. For example, if you borrow $100,000 at 6% over a 30-year period, you would pay $115,838 in interest — more than the amount you initially borrowed — bringing the total pay-back amount to $215,838.
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This information is not intended as tax, legal, investment, or retirement advice or recommendations, and it may not be relied on for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. You are encouraged to seek guidance from an independent tax or legal professional. The content is derived from sources believed to be accurate. Neither the information presented nor any opinion expressed constitutes a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security.
This material was written and prepared by Broadridge Advisor Solutions. © 2024 Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc.


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The Nintendo Entertainment System (commonly abbreviated as NES) is an 8-bit home video game console developed and manufactured by Nintendo. It is a remodeled export version of the company's Family Computer (Japanese: ファミリーコンピュータ Hepburn: Famirī Konpyūta, commonly abbreviated FC) platform in Japan, also known by the portmanteau nickname Famicom (ファミコン Famikon), which launched on July 15, 1983. In the U.S. the NES was launched through test markets in New York City and Los Angeles in 1985, before being given a full nationwide launch in 1986. The NES was launched in Europe during 1986 and 1987, and Australia in 1987. Brazil saw only unlicensed clones until the official local release in 1993. In South Korea, it was packaged as the Hyundai Comboy (현대 컴보이 Hyeondae Keomboi) and distributed by SK Hynix which then was known as Hyundai Electronics; the Comboy was released in 1989.
The best-selling gaming console of its time, the NES helped revitalize the US video game industry following the North American video game crash of 1983. With the NES, Nintendo introduced a now-standard business model of licensing third-party developers, authorizing them to produce and distribute titles for Nintendo's platform It had been preceded by Nintendo's first home video game console, the Color TV-Game, and was succeeded by the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.
Raceamerica is one of the best games of NES console.
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Rotary Hand Operated Barrel Pump In Mandya
Soltech Pumps & Equipment Pvt Ltd is the most preferred company for Rotary Hand Operated Barrel Pump In Mandya. We have been in the industry for years and use stringent measures to design and manufacture each unit at our in-house facility. To be double sure, our quality auditors thoroughly test each unit on various grounds.
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Broadband Plans in Hind - Unlimited Wi-Fi Internet
Seamlessly stream high-definition videos, enhance your work productivity, advance your learning online and connect with anyone across the globe! Unlock limitless possibilities with a high-speed broadband connection in Hind from JioFiber!
Broadband services in Hind
JioFiber is one of the best broadband service providers in the country and offers plans starting at affordable rates so everyone can choose a plan as per their personal needs. Step into the future and experience unparalleled internet speeds with JioFiber broadband plans in Hind. If you are looking for the best broadband connection, then your search ends with JioFiber in Hind.
Jio offers fiber broadband plans in Hind that have monthly rates starting from ₹399 only!
Some popular JioFiber plans include:
Jio Prepaid Plans
- ₹399+GST per month with unlimited 30 Mbps internet and free voice calls.
- ₹699+GST per month with unlimited 100 Mbps internet and free voice calls.
- ₹999+GST per month with unlimited 150 Mbps internet, free voice calls, and OTT subscriptions like Amazon Prime Video, Disney+ Hotstar, and 14 more.
- ₹1,499+GST per month with unlimited 300 Mbps, free voice calls, and OTT subscriptions including Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+ Hotstar, and 14 more.
Jio Postpaid Plans
- ₹499+GST per month with unlimited 30 Mpbs internet, free voice calls, and OTT subscriptions to Universal, Eros Now and 4 more.
- ₹899+GST per month with unlimited 100 Mpbs internet, free voice calls, and OTT subscriptions including Disney+ Hotstar, SonyLIV and 12 more.
- ₹999+GST per month with unlimited 150 Mbps internet, free voice calls, and OTT subscriptions like Amazon Prime Video, Disney+ Hotstar, and 13 more.
- ₹1,499+GST per month with unlimited 300 Mbps, free voice calls, and OTT subscriptions including Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+ Hotstar, and 14 more.
While these are just some of the plans offered, you can check all our offerings in detail by visiting the respective prepaid and postpaid pages.
JioFiber not only offers the ultimate broadband experience but also comes with other bundled services like free voice and video calls, OTT subscriptions, a free Jio set-top box, and other benefits!
You can instantly invite a JioFiber connection to your neighbourhood in Hind. If you are an existing Jio broadband user, you can upgrade to any of the latest plans available. The activation and installation process of JioFiber in Hind is fairly quick and simple and takes approximately two hours only!
Broadband deals & offers in Hind
With complimentary OTT app subscriptions like Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Sony LIV, Sun NXT, HoiChoi, Discovery+, Eros Now, JioCinema, Voot Select, and JioCinema among others, you can stream your favourite movies and shows for free.
On these streaming apps, you will find a large library of content ranging across a variety of genres such as action, comedy, romance, horror, and more. You can even catch live sports tournaments of cricket, football, badminton, basketball, and more. To enjoy all these entertainment and streaming benefits, subscribe to the best broadband in Madhya Pradesh with JioFiber.
Benefits of a Jio broadband connection in Hind
- Jio is one of the premier broadband service providers in India, offering exceptional speed, reliable internet, free calling, and many added benefits.
- Experience the convenience of doorstep broadband connectivity in Hind, enhancing accessibility for everyone.
- Avail a complimentary 4K Jio Set-top Box without any additional charges when you buy a JioFiber broadband plan in Hind.
- JioFiber plans in Hind offer many cost-effective packages for you to choose from so you can pick the right plan for your needs.
- Broadband services in Hind from Jio provide access to exclusive features like TV video calling and conferencing, immersive VR experiences, and access to premium OTT platforms.
- Enjoy the freedom of limitless data with Jio's broadband plans, which allow uninterrupted browsing and live streaming of HD and 4K content.
- GST additional on applicable components
- Customers will have to activate Amazon Prime and Netflix subscriptions once through MyJio to avail the benefits
- All plans have symmetric upload and download speed
Broadband in Hind
Explore the digital world at a faster pace with JioFiber broadband in Hind. It offers ultimate broadband experience and comes with other bundled services. JioFiber is amongst the best broadband in Hind and is available at affordable prices. It includes other elite services like India's first TV video calling and conferencing experience, complimentary subscriptions to entertainment and OTT apps, VR experience, premium content platform, etc.
The Jio Fiber service offers broadband plans in Hind that has monthly rental starting from ₹399 only. Also, ₹699, ₹999, ₹1499, ₹2499, ₹3999, ₹8499 plans are available in Hind. According to your internet speed and bandwidth requirements you can select from any of the available plans. You can instantly invite the JioFiber connection to your neighbourhood in Hind. If you are an existing JioFiber user, you can upgrade to any of the latest JioFiber plans available.
Jio Broadband Unlimited Plans Hind
Reliance Jio Fiber Plans: The low-end plan of Rs 399 will offer download and upload speed of 30 megabit per second (mbps), according to the statement. Reliance Jio has revamped its JioFiber broadband plans to now offer truly unlimited internet, here are the details. As per the new plans, entertainment app Netflix is added to the bouquet of bundled apps for customers subscribing mid-range plans.
After making India the largest and the fastest growing country in mobile connectivity with Jio, JioFiber will propel India into global broadband leadership, thereby providing broadband to over 1,600 cities and towns," Jio Director Akash Ambani said. "JioFiber Home tariff plans will now offer truly unlimited internet," the statement said.
Reliance Jio has launched new JioFiber postpaid plans that are already live on the official website. The telecom operator has announced that it will not charge JioFiber postpaid users for installation or a security deposit of the internet setup. It is offering 6 and 12 months postpaid plans. The prices are similar to the prepaid JioFiber plans. Read on to know more about the latest JioFiber broadband plans.
Reliance Jio announces JioFiber postpaid plans
The price of the JioFiber postpaid plans starts from Rs 2,394 (Plus GST), which is for six months. This means that you will be paying 399 each month for a 30Mbps broadband plan. With this plan, you get unlimited data and free voice. The 12-month plan will cost you Rs 4,788 (Plus GST).
The 100Mbps JioFiber broadband plan is priced at Rs 4,194 (Plus GST), which is again for 6 months. The annual cost of this plan is Rs 8,388 (Plus GST), which means the monthly cost of this broadband plan is Rs 699. You get unlimited data here too.
The 150Mbps broadband plan from JioFiber offers some additional benefits, including free access to Amazon Prime Video, Disney+ Hotstar VIP, Sony LIV, Zee5, Voot Select, and more. The rest of the benefits are similar to the above-mentioned broadband plans. The 6-month plan is priced at 5,994 (Plus GST), and the annual cost is Rs 11,988 (Plus GST).
JioFiber is giving Netflix as well with 300Mbps, 500Mbps, and 1Gbps broadband plans. The rest of the benefits are similar to the 150Mbps plan. You can check the price of other broadband plans on the official site.
Jio Fibre Plans
Pack/Plan | Validity | Price (Rs.) |
JioFiber 399 Monthly Plan | 30 days | 399 |
JioFiber 699 Monthly Plan | 30 days | 699 |
JioFiber 999 Monthly Plan | 30 days | 999 |
JioFiber 8994 Semi-Annual Plan | 195 days | 8,994 |
JioFiber 2097 Quarterly Plan | 90 days | 2,097 |
JioFiber 2394 Semi-Annual Plan | 195 days | 2,394 |
JioFiber 2499 Monthly Plan | 30 days | 2,499 |
JioFiber 2997 Quarterly Plan | 90 days | 2,997 |
JioFiber 5994 Semi-Annual Plan | 195 days | 5,994 |
JioFiber 3999 Monthly Plan | 30 days | 3,999 |
Is Jio Broadband Available in my Area
Ans: Yes, Jio Fibre Availability is there in Hind.
Jio Broadband Near Me
To Find Nearest Broadband Center in Hind. You can locate the nearest center using MyJio app or Jio.com.
Jio Fiber Near Me
To Find Nearest Jio Fiber connection near me. You have to locate the nearest center using MyJio app or Jio.com.
Jio Broadband Hind
The largest broadband network Jio Fiber is raised in many cities and states of the country including Hind, the Reliance Industries Limited has fully setup the Optical Fiber Tecnology called as jio fibernet Hind which have lot of advantages over the traditional cable broadband operating connection.
JioFiber Hind provides ultra-fast download and uploads speed broadband connection service with seamless UHD video services, Video Conferencing, VR experience, Premium quality content, etc. Jio GigaFiber has a proliferation flawless facility in Hind for internet transmission with an ultra-fast speed data connection system.
Jio Fiber Store Near me
To Find Nearest store in Hind. You can locate the nearest store using MyJio app or Jio.com.
Using MyJio app:
- Select the 'Find a Store or a hotspot' option from menu and tap on 'Store'
- A list of the nearest Jio store locations along with their addresses will be displayed. For best results, enable GPS feature on your handset to get details of store closest to you
- Select a store from the list, to view the location on the Map
- Use the search option to find stores in any location
Using Jio.com:
- Go to Find a Store
- A list of the nearest Jio store locations along with their addresses will be displayed
- Select a store from the list, to view the location on the Map
- Use the search option to find stores in any location
Cheapest Broadband Connection in my Area
Jio fiber in my area is Cheapest Internet Broadband Service Provider in Hind. Starting with Rs. 399 per month which provide up to 30MBPS and free voice calls.
Jio Giga Fiber Net Broadband Services in Hind
Reliance Jio has too many plans to choose from with different data benefits per day. If you are a Jio user, you can get 1.5GB, 2GB and 3GB data per day all under Rs 400. Jio has two plans that offer 1.5GB data per day and those are Rs 399 and Rs 199. It has one plan that offers 2GB data per day and that is the Rs 249 plan. Now coming to 3GB per day, Vodafone has Rs 349 plan that is valid for 28 days. All the plans include calling and SMS benefits and have different validity.
Jio Broadband Connection Hind
Jio Broadband has emerged as the top-notch Broadband Service Provider in all the major cities of India. You will be amazed to experience our High-Speed Broadband Plans in top cities of India. An internet connection with annoying speed is simply considered as waste by today's users. It is time to accept the fact that the internet is growing powerful and everyone needs the best internet plans price.
Jio Fiber plans in Hind
Check out Bronze, Silver, Gold, Diamond, Diamond+, Platinum, Titanium Jio Plans
PLAN NAME | BRONZE | SILVER | Gold | Diamond | Diamond+ | Platinium | TITANIUM |
Truly Unlimited Internet | 30 Mbps | 100 Mbps | 150 Mbps | 300 Mbps | 500 Mbps | 1 Gbps | 1 Gbps |
Unlimited Voice Free Voice anywhere in India | |||||||
OTT Apps Subscription Included | 11 Apps worth Rs. 1,000 monthly subscription | 12 Apps worth Rs. 1,500 monthly subscription | 12 Apps worth Rs. 1,650 monthly subscription | 12 Apps worth Rs. 1,500 monthly subscription | 12 Apps worth Rs. 1,800 monthly subscription |
When will Jio Launch 5G in India?
- Reliance Jio announced its 5G service on August 29, 2022.
Reliance Industries (RIL)'s 45th Annual General Meeting (AGM) took place on August 29, 2022. During Annual General Meeting, Reliance Jio announced its 5G services called Jio True 5G.
What are the Cities where Jio 5G will be launched first?
Jio plans to roll out 5G in India by Diwali 2022. This rollout will begin with metropolitan cities first. Jio will later expand it to hundreds of tier-2 and tier-3 cities. As per the latest report, Jio will initially roll out its 5G services in 13 cities, including Hyderabad, Jamnagar, Kolkata, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Gurugram, Lucknow, Mumbai, and Pune. However, Jio may roll out a 5G network in select areas of these cities. So, every citizen in these cities might not avail of 5G services.
Do you need a new SIM Card to use Jio 5G?
You will probably need a new Jio 5G SIM to access the 5G network. Jio has built a standalone 5G, that is, a whole new infrastructure for 5G. Since "Standalone 5G" doesn't depend on the existing 4G network, you won't be able to continue with your 4G SIM card to enjoy 5G services.
What Download/Upload Speeds will we get with Jio 5G?
Network | Download Speed | Upload Speed |
Jio 5G | 420Mbps | 412Mbps |
Jio 4G | 47Mbps | 26Mbps |
What will be the Price of Jio 5G Plans?
Jio 5G Plans | Price in India |
Starting Plan | Rs 400-500 (Expected) |
Jio Postpaid Plans Hind
Rs 399 Jio Postpaid Tariff Plan
Under ₹ 399 tariff plan Jio PostPaid Plus subscriber will get 75 GB of high speed internet data, free voice calls and SMSes, access to Netflix, Amazon Prime, Disney+ Hotstar and 200 GB of data rollover.
Rs 599 Jio Postpaid Tariff Plan
Under ₹ 599 tariff plan Jio PostPaid Plus subscriber will get 100 GB of high speed internet data, free voice calls and SMSes, access to Netflix, Amazon Prime, Disney+ Hotstar, 200 GB of data rollover and one additional SIM card with family plan.
Rs 799 Jio Postpaid Tariff Plan
Under ₹ 799 tariff plan Jio PostPaid Plus subscriber will get 150 GB of high speed internet data, free voice calls and SMSes, access to Netflix, Amazon Prime, Disney+ Hotstar, 200 GB of data rollover and two additional SIM cards with family plan.
Rs 999 Jio Postpaid Tariff Plan
Under ₹ 999 tariff plan Jio PostPaid Plus subscriber will get 200 GB of high speed internet data, free voice calls and SMSes, access to Netflix, Amazon Prime, Disney+ Hotstar, 500 GB of data rollover and three additional SIM cards with family plan.
Rs 1,499 Jio Postpaid Tariff Plan
Under ₹ 1,499 tariff plan Jio PostPaid Plus subscriber will get 300 GB of high speed internet data, free voice calls and SMSes, access to Netflix, Amazon Prime, Disney+ Hotstar, 500 GB of data rollover and unlimited data and voice calls in the US and the UAE.
Jio Prepaid Plans Hind, Offers, Price, Data, & Validity
Jio Prepaid Recharge Plan | Data Benefit | Validity | Jio to Jio calls | Jio-to non-Jio calls | SMS |
Rs 98 | 2GB | 28 Days | Unlimited | IUC 6 paise/min | 300 |
Rs 129 | 2GB | 28 Days | Unlimited | 1000 min | 300 |
Rs 149 | 1GB per Day | 24 Days | Unlimited | 300 min | 100/Day |
Rs 199 | 1.5GB per Day | 28 Days | Unlimited | 1000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 249 | 2GB per Day | 28 Days | Unlimited | 1000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 329 | 6GB | 84 Days | Unlimited | 3000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 349 | 3GB per Day | 28 Days | Unlimited | 1000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 399 | 1.5Gb per Day | 56 Days | Unlimited | 2000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 444 | 2GB per Day | 56 Days | Unlimited | 2000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 555 | 1.5GB per Day | 84 Days | Unlimited | 3000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 599 | 2GB per Day | 84 Days | Unlimited | 3000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 1299 | 24GB | 336 Days | Unlimited | 12,000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 2121 | 1.5GB per Day | 336 Days | Unlimited | 12,000 min | 100/Day |
Rs 4999 | 350GB | 360 Days | Unlimited | 12,000 min | 100/Day |
These prices are exclusive of GST and extra data is available on long term plans as an introductory benefit.
Interested buyers will have to make a one-time payment of ₹2,500 which comprises ₹1,500 security deposit and ₹1,000 non-refundable installation.
Jio Fiber Connection in Hind
As part of the Jio Fiber package, you get a free landline phone connection with free unlimited voice calls across India. For international or ISD calls, Jio Fiber has an unlimited international calling pack at ₹699 per month, to US and Canada.
Documents required for getting Jio Fiber connection (any from the following list)
- Aadhaar card
- Voter ID card
- PAN card
- Passport
- Driving licence
Jio Fiber registration Hind
Steps | Actions |
1. | Click on the link Jio Giga Fiber Registration |
2. | Enter your address where you want to set up the broadband connection. |
3. | Fill required details like Name, email ID and mobile number. |
4. | You will get an OTP for verification. Enter that OTP on the website. |
5. | Jio executive will contact you to set up a meeting and get all the other info verified. And that's it, you are now good to go. A Reliance Jio executive will visit you to verify your original documents including ID proof and address proof. |
Best Broadband in Hind
Looking for best broadband in Hind, Reliance Jio provides most the best services in Hind with high speed, with various plans tailor made for the users in the area. The plan includes reliance jio broadband special plans, jio broadband volume based plans and speed based plans.
How to apply for Jio Gigafiber in Hind Registration Process
The registration process has started from 15th of August 2019 and the registration service for broadband connection in Jalandhar is free.
For jio giga fiber booking please follow the below mentioned steps:-
First you have to visit the official website of Jio. The link of the website is provided for your reference. Please Click Here.
You can also register with My Jio App.
Second, Enter the address where you want your connection, and confirming it by confirm button. You can choose the address according to your preference either for home address or work address.
If you are not able to locate your specific address then you can move the pin to change the location on the Google Maps.
After that you have to enter your personal details like Name,Contact Number,Email Id etc. and read the terms and conditions page carefully,and click on Generate OTP button.
Now you will get an OTP on your registered mobile number. Enter the OTP in the required field and select the locality type (Developer,Township,Society) and then verify it.
You can also register for other areas for the JioGigaFiber broadband connection like your work address, parent's address, friend's address, etc.
Jio Fiber Installation Charges in Hind
The installation charges for Jio Fiber is Free. The Company will provide refund of Rs 2500 for the internet router.
Jio fiber Availability in Hind
Please use the Pincode checker functionality which is available on all product pages for the same and In case delivery services are not available at Pincode, you have to visit the nearest Reliance Digital or Dx Mini stores and purchase the JioFi Device.
You can also locate the nearest Jio store by using the store locator tool on the website.
Jio gigafiber set top box JIO TV & Jio DTH
Jio Will be providing it's broadband services via JioFiber Set top box so as it provides JIO DTH services for your Television as well. Along with that you will also get a jio Fixed Line phone that will offer unlimited calling – jio to jio network only. However other networks info oand price have not been provided by the company yet!
Well thats a lot to offer! So start your journey today with JioFiber net!
Jio Fiber Customer Care Number
If you've any doubts regarding your broadband connection services in Hind, or you're facing problems to using Jio GigaFiber broadband because of lack of information on how to use it, then don't worry. I'll provide you Jio Broadband Toll-free number for Hind. Just contact them easily and they'll clear all your doubts, it won't disturb you to enjoy your services then.
Jio Customer Care Number Hind
1800 200 1100
Facing problems with your Jio GigaFiber broadband services, router, or Jio GigaTV set-top box?
Jio Fiber Complaint
You can contact the Jio Broadband customer care number in Hind. Below are the given details of Jio GigaFiber Customer care number Hind, Jio GigaFiber broadband helpline number, Customer care toll-free number, Services for the complaint of Router & internet connection speed or GigaTV set-top box. Everything you need, you'll find here on this page.
The Helpline number of Jio Care is :-1800 889 9999. For Complaint Registration you have to call on 198 (toll free) number.
For any further queries regarding recharge of plans,check balance of data,validity,recharge confirmation and offers you have to call directly on 198 toll Free Number.
JIO customer care number Hind– 1800 896 9999
To get Jio Fibers in Hind, call – 1800 103 8877 (Timings : 9:30 – 21:30)
CCN for Jio users – 199 or 198
For Jio Corporate users,please Dial – 1800 889 9333
For online shopping related assistance, Dial – 1800 893 3399
You can also contact via Email ID – firstname.lastname@example.com and For General queries – 1860 893 3333
For Tele-verification to activate both HD voice & data service – 1977
Tele-verification to activate data services only – 1800 890 1977
Helpline Number for Jio – 1800 890 8900
Helpline number for Devices (JioFi & LYF smartphone) – 1800 890 9999
Jio fiber Availability in Hind
Please use the Pincode checker functionality which is available on all product pages for the same and In case delivery services are not available at Pincode, you have to visit the nearest Reliance Digital or Dx Mini stores and purchase the JioFi Device.
You can also locate the nearest Jio store by using the store locator tool on the website.
Jio Twitter ID
Jio Fiber Official Website
Here is the Official link of Jio Fiber website: https://www.jio.com/fiber.html
Jio Customer Care Email Id
You can also contact via Email ID – email@example.com
How To Apply For Jio Giga Fiber Dealership? Find here!
- Visit the website of "Jio Giga Fiber" Or visit the authorized shop to take the dealership.
- Signup or Register on Jio Giga Fiber official website.
- Complete your Signup Process.
- Now start filling all the required dealership.
- Once your registration complete.
Get Jio Giga Fiber broadband Dealership in Hind
- You need to have two passport size photocopies for the dealership
- You need to provide your the photocopy of Voter ID or Aadhar card
- You need to give your address proof electricity bills will work in this condition
Reliance Jio GigaFiber Dealership Online Booking Registration Form
- Name of Applicant
- Address
- Space Availability
- Investment Availability
- Office / Store Address
- State and City
- Experience in DTH Service (if any)
- Expect Sales
Here are the requirements for the Jio DTH Dealership
- Candidates needs to have a base of 2500sq ft area for the setup.
- 15000, Rs.5000 and Rs. 75000 is the onetime refundable amount to given the Reliance group.
- 2,00,000 will be given to Jio DTH Work Station.
- Least 10 workers to be employed for the Jio Office.
- The primary concern is, office ought to be very much outfitted and which requires Rs 3,00,000 to 5,00,000 investments.
So if you meet all these requirements then you can be one of the Jio Giga Fiber broad band service provider.
Jio 5G Welcome Offer
The company has already announced that the Jio 5G Welcome Offer will come with unlimited 5G data with up to 1gbps+ speed. As these are beta trials for Jio's 5G services, not every user will be able to get them. Reliance Jio has announced the Beta trial of its True-5G services on the occasion of Dussehra festival.
Jio 5g Sim Launch date in India
Users must remember that the Reliance Jio 5G services will be launched today, 5 October 2022.
Jio 5g Sim Price
Jio 5G recharge plan prices in India will be affordable and an executive has confirmed that no SIM card change is required.
Table Of Content


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New York Times Article Written In 1999 Shows Problems Of Fannie Mae
New York, NY — The following article was published in the New York Times on September 30, 1999:
Written by: Steven A. Holmes
In a move that could help increase home ownership rates among minorities and low-income consumers, the Fannie Mae Corporation is easing the credit requirements on loans that it will purchase from banks and other lenders.
The action, which will begin as a pilot program involving 24 banks in 15 markets — including the New York metropolitan region — will encourage those banks to extend home mortgages to individuals whose credit is generally not good enough to qualify for conventional loans. Fannie Mae officials say they hope to make it a nationwide program by next spring.
Fannie Mae, the nation´s biggest underwriter of home mortgages, has been under increasing pressure from the Clinton Administration to expand mortgage loans among low and moderate income people and felt pressure from stock holders to maintain its phenomenal growth in profits. In addition, banks, thrift institutions and mortgage companies have been pressing Fannie Mae to help them make more loans to so-called subprime borrowers. These borrowers whose incomes, credit ratings and savings are not good enough to qualify for conventional loans, can only get loans from finance companies that charge much higher interest rates — anywhere from three to four percentage points higher than conventional loans.
"Fannie Mae has expanded home ownership for millions of families in the 1990´s by reducing down payment requirements," said Franklin D. Raines, Fannie Mae´s chairman and chief executive officer. "Yet there remain too many borrowers whose credit is just a notch below what our underwriting has required who have been relegated to paying significantly higher mortgage rates in the so-called subprime market."
Demographic information on these borrowers is sketchy. But at least one study indicates that 18 percent of the loans in the subprime market went to black borrowers, compared to 5 per cent of loans in the conventional loan market.
In moving, even tentatively, into this new area of lending, Fannie Mae is taking on significantly more risk, which may not pose any difficulties during flush economic times. But the government-subsidized corporation may run into trouble in an economic downturn, prompting a government rescue similar to that of the savings and loan industry in the 1980´s.
"From the perspective of many people, including me, this is another thrift industry growing up around us," said Peter Wallison a resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. "If they fail, the government will have to step up and bail them out the way it stepped up and bailed out the thrift industry."
Under Fannie Mae´s pilot program, consumers who qualify can secure a mortgage with an interest rate one percentage point above that of a conventional, 30-year fixed rate mortgage of less than $240,000 — a rate that currently averages about 7.76 per cent. If the borrower makes his or her monthly payments on time for two years, the one percentage point premium is dropped.
Fannie Mae, the nation´s biggest underwriter of home mortgages, does not lend money directly to consumers. Instead, it purchases loans that banks make on what is called the secondary market. By expanding the type of loans that it will buy, Fannie Mae is hoping to spur banks to make more loans to people with less-than-stellar credit ratings.
Fannie Mae officials stress that the new mortgages will be extended to all potential borrowers who can qualify for a mortgage. But they add that the move is intended in part to increase the number of minority and low income home owners who tend to have worse credit ratings than non-Hispanic whites.
Home ownership has, in fact, exploded among minorities during the economic boom of the 1990´s. The number of mortgages extended to Hispanic applicants jumped by 87.2 per cent from 1993 to 1998, according to Harvard University´s Joint Center for Housing Studies. During that same period the number of African Americans who got mortgages to buy a home increased by 71.9 per cent and the number of Asian Americans by 46.3 per cent.
In contrast, the number of non-Hispanic whites who received loans for homes increased by 31.2 per cent.
Despite these gains, home ownership rates for minorities continue to lag behind non-Hispanic whites, in part because blacks and Hispanics in particular tend to have on average worse credit ratings.
In July, the Department of Housing and Urban Development proposed that by the year 2001, 50 percent of Fannie Mae´s and Freddie Mac´s portfolio be made up of loans to low and moderate-income borrowers. Last year, 44 percent of the loans Fannie Mae purchased were from these groups.
The change in policy also comes at the same time that HUD is investigating allegations of racial discrimination in the automated underwriting systems used by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to determine the credit-worthiness of credit applicants.
Note: On Friday, October 3rd, Congress approved a $700 billion plus bailout package. The only part of the bailout package directly affecting the Mother Lode was the Secure Rural Schools and Community Self Determination Act.


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PUMA X-Ray Fluido Men's Sneakers
₹2,999₹5,999Prices include GST
PUMA Black-Dark Denim-Fizzy Lime
Free returns on all qualifying orders.
- Style: 394641_01
- Color: PUMA Black-Dark Denim-Fizzy Lime
Shipping and Returns
Free return for all qualifying orders within 14 days of your order delivery date. Visit our Return Policy for more information.
For any queries, please contact Customer Service at 080-35353535 or via email@example.com .


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End User Agreement Terms of Service
This service is offered free of charge to users. Your ("End User") use of the Service is, however, conditioned upon completion and acceptance of the "End User Agreement" Terms of Service, as well as continued compliance with its provisions. PLEASE READ THESE TERMS OF SERVICE CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS SITE. BY INTERACTING WITH THIS SITE, YOU ACCEPT AND AGREE TO BE BOUND BY ALL OF THE TERMS OF SERVICE, WITHOUT LIMITATION OR QUALIFICATION. IF AFTER READING THIS AGREEMENT, YOU DO NOT WISH TO AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF SERVICE, PLEASE DO NOT ACCESS OR OTHERWISE USE THIS SITE OR ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN.
This site is operated in part by New South Radio, Inc. (dba Digio Strategies, WJKK, WYOY, WUSJ, WHJT, WHJT-HD2, WIIN, and any other radio stations that New South Radio, Inc. may acquire or operate), hereinafter collectively referred to as New South Radio, Inc., who owns and maintains the services (the "Service") offered on this site. Google and Apple are not affiliates of New South Radio, Inc. and in no way sponsor this site. End User understands and agrees that the Service is provided to him/her exclusively under this End User Terms of Service. By completing the registration process, End User is stating that he/she has read and understands the End User Terms of Service, and that he/she agrees to be bound by them. New South Radio, Inc. may modify this End User agreement at any time, and may terminate End User's use of the Service or otherwise revise any or all aspects of the Service in its sole discretion and without prior notice. End User's continued use of the Service now, or following the posting of notice of any changes in this End User Agreement, will constitute a binding acceptance by End User of such rules, changes or modifications. End User represents that he/she is at least 18 years of age and, if acting on behalf of a group or organization, has the authority to do so. Any minor using the system shall do so only with the consent of a supervising parent or guardian who shall execute an End User Agreement on behalf of such minor. End User is responsible for all use of the Service under End User's password. End User acknowledges that he/she is aware that areas accessible on or through the Service may contain material that is unsuitable for minors (persons under 18 years of age). End User, or parent or guardian, as the case may be, agrees to supervise usage of the Service by minors, if any, whom End User permits to use the Service.
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This site may be linked to other sites on the World Wide Web or Internet which are not under the control of or maintained by New South Radio, Inc. Such links do not constitute an endorsement by New South Radio, Inc. of those sites. End User agrees that New South Radio, Inc. is providing these links to End User only as a convenience, and further agree that New South Radio, Inc. is not responsible for the content of such sites. In End User's use of this site, he/she may enter into correspondence with, purchase goods and/or services from, or participate in promotions of advertisers, sponsors and other users of this site. Any such correspondence, purchase or participation, including the delivery of and the payment for goods and/or services, and any other term, condition, warranty or representation associated with such correspondence, purchase or participation is solely between End User and the applicable third party. End User agrees that New South Radio, Inc. has no liability, obligation or responsibility for any such correspondence, purchase or participation between End User and any third party.
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4 Row 18k Iced Ring
4 Row 18k Iced Ring
- Designed to Never Fade, Rust, or Tarnish
- Sensitive Skin Friendly
- 100% Customer Satisfaction
- Free Shipping on All Orders
Create your unique necklace by adding your name, or delight someone special with a personalized gift tailored just for them.
Materials and Care
Materials and Care
- Constructed from 316L surgical stainless steel, ensuring durability and longevity.
- Available in silver and 18K gold plated finishes, providing versatility and elegance.
- Each piece is coated with a layer of gold or silver metal, offering a luxurious shine.
- Designed to resist fading, rusting, tarnishing, corroding, or staining, maintaining their beauty over time.
- Hypoallergenic and skin-friendly, preventing irritation and ensuring comfort.
- Guaranteed not to turn skin green, allowing you to wear our accessories with confidence.
- To preserve the brilliance of your Queendom Treasurez accessories, avoid exposure to harsh chemicals, perfumes, and cosmetics.
- Store your jewelry in a dry, cool place when not in use, preferably in a jewelry box or pouch to prevent scratches and damage.
- Clean your accessories regularly with a soft cloth to remove any dirt or oils and maintain their shine.
- Avoid wearing jewelry during activities such as swimming, showering, or exercising to prevent damage and prolong their lifespan.
- With proper care and maintenance, your Queendom Treasurez accessories will continue to dazzle and delight for years to come.
Jewelry Guide
Jewelry Guide
Necklace Length Guide
Necklace Type Guide
Hoop Size Guide
Cuban Chain Size Guide
Shipping & Delivery
Processing Times:
- Ready to Ship typically ship within 1-3 business days.
- For Personalized items, please allow 3-4 weeks for production.
Please note that our turnaround time is an estimate and not a guarantee due to fluctuating order volumes. Each item is carefully handcrafted by our staff, ensuring quality and care.
Important Notice: Changes to orders cannot be guaranteed once placed. Please review your items and shipping details carefully before completing your purchase. Many of our personalization options are case-sensitive.
The Process:
Once your order is placed, you will receive email updates at every stage.
You can also track your items anytime using our Tracking Page.
Upon shipment, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number to monitor your package's journey to you.
Important Notice: Queendom Treasurez reserves the right to ship orders combined or individually.
Shipping Rates:
Domestic shipments qualify for free shipping. Expedited options are available at an additional cost. Domestic orders are typically shipped and tracked via USPS.
Estimated Delivery Time:
Various factors influence delivery times. Personalized and handmade items typically require 3-6 weeks for delivery. After shipment, please allow 7-10 business days for arrival.
United States: USPS Standard or similar: [7-10 Days]
International shipments use economical methods based on location.
Canada: Canada Post [7-14 Days]
United Kingdom: Royal Mail [5-10 Days]
Australia: Australia Post [7-14 Days]
Europe: Local Shipping Provider [8-12 Days]
Other: Local Shipping Provider [7-14 Days]
For questions or concerns, contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Our accessories come nestled in our branded box, ideal for gifting. You may opt to add a Gift Box to your order.
Shipping Insurance:
Queendom Treasurez is not responsible for lost, damaged, or stolen items. Consider adding Shipping Protection for added security and insurance.
Estimated Shipping Widget will be displayed here! (with custom color)
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