text:
Appendicitis is a medical emergency. It happens when your appendix becomes sore, swollen, and diseased.
The appendix is a thin tube that is joined to the large intestine. It sits in the lower right part of your belly (abdomen). The appendix is a working part of your immune system. The immune system helps your body to fight disease.
The appendix can get infected and inflamed. If not treated, it can burst (rupture). This is serious and can lead to more infection and even death.
Appendicitis nearly always happens when the inside of your appendix gets blocked by something. This makes it swell up, and that makes the blockage worse. The bacteria that live in your intestines start an infection. If you have appendicitis, there is a serious risk that your appendix may burst. This can happen as soon as 48 to 72 hours after you start having symptoms. Because of this, appendicitis is a medical emergency. If you have symptoms, see your healthcare provider right away.
Appendicitis may be caused by various infections, such as viruses, bacteria, or parasites, in your digestive tract. Often, it may happen when the tube that joins your appendix with your large intestine gets blocked or trapped by stool. Sometimes tumors can cause appendicitis.
The appendix then becomes sore and swollen. The blood supply to the appendix stops as the swelling and soreness get worse. All of the organs in your body need the right amount of blood flow to stay healthy.
Without enough blood flow, the appendix starts to die. The appendix will burst as its walls start to get holes. These holes let stool, mucus, bacteria, and other things leak through and get inside your belly. You may get peritonitis. This is a serious infection throughout the belly that happens when the appendix or other part of the intestines or stomach has a hole and leaks out its contents.
Appendicitis is the most common cause of sudden (acute) belly pain that requires surgery. It mostly happens in teens and young adults in their 20s, but it can happen at any age. Having a family history of appendicitis may raise your risk, especially if you are a male.
The following are common symptoms of appendicitis. Your own symptoms may vary.
Pain in the abdomen is the most common symptom. This pain:
May start around your belly button area and move to the lower right-hand side of your belly, or it may start in the lower right-hand side of your belly
Often gets worse as time goes on
May feel worse when you are moving, taking deep breaths, being touched, and coughing or sneezing
May be felt all over your belly if your appendix bursts
Other common symptoms include:
Upset stomach and vomiting
Loss of appetite
Fever and chills
Trouble having a bowel movement (constipation)
Trouble passing gas
Swollen belly
Do not take pain medicines. They may hide symptoms that your healthcare provider needs to know about.
Appendicitis symptoms may look like other health problems. Always see your healthcare provider to be sure.
Your healthcare provider will ask about your past health and do a physical exam. They may also order the following tests:
Blood tests. To check for signs of infection, such as having a high white blood cell count.
Urine tests. To see if you have a urinary tract infection.
You may also have some imaging tests, including:
Abdominal ultrasound (sonogram). This shows internal organs as they work and checks how blood is flowing through different blood vessels.
CT scan. This computerized X-ray shows detailed images of any part of the body, such as the bones, muscles, fat, and organs.
MRI. This scan uses a large magnet and radio waves to show different details than a CT scan. It is sometimes used to diagnose appendicitis, especially in a pregnant woman, instead of CT scan.
Appendicitis is a medical emergency. It is likely the appendix will burst and cause a serious, deadly infection. For this reason, your healthcare provider will most likely tell you that you need to have surgery to remove your appendix.
The appendix will be removed in one of two ways:
Traditional (open) surgery method. You are given anesthesia. A cut (incision) is made in the lower right-hand side of your belly. The surgeon finds the appendix and takes it out. If the appendix has burst, a small drain may be put in to drain out pus and other fluids in the belly. The drain will be taken out in a few days, when your surgeon feels the infection has gone away.
Laparoscopic method. You are given anesthesia. This surgery uses several small cuts (incisions) and a camera (laparoscope) to look inside your belly. The surgical tools are placed through a few small cuts. The laparoscope is placed through another cut. A laparoscopy can often be done even if the appendix has burst.
If your appendix has not burst, your recovery from an appendectomy will take only a few days. If your appendix has burst, your recovery time will be longer, and you will need antibiotic medicine.
You will be treated for a few weeks with antibiotics and drainage if the infection around the appendix is too severe for immediate surgery. You will have surgery to remove the appendix at a later time.
Occasionally, appendicitis can be treated with antibiotics without surgery. However, these special cases are determined by your healthcare provider after an evaluation.
You can live a normal life without your appendix. Changes in diet or exercise are usually not needed.
The main problem with appendicitis is the risk of a burst appendix. This may happen if the appendix is not removed quickly. A burst appendix can lead to infection throughout the belly called peritonitis. Peritonitis can be very serious and even cause death if not treated right away.
At this time, there is no known way to stop appendicitis from happening.
If you have any of the symptoms of appendicitis listed above, call your healthcare provider right away. Or go to your closest emergency room. Appendicitis is a serious medical emergency. It should be treated as quickly as possible.
Appendicitis is when your appendix becomes sore, swollen, and diseased.
It is a medical emergency. You must seek care right away.
It happens when the inside of your appendix gets filled with something that causes it to swell, such as mucus, stool, or parasites.
Most cases of appendicitis happen between ages 10 and 30.
It nearly always causes pain in the belly, but each person may have different symptoms.
Your healthcare provider will tell you that you need to have surgery to remove your appendix.
You can live a normal life without your appendix.
Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your health care provider:
Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen.
Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.
Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you.
At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you.
Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are.
Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways.
Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.
Know what to expect if you do not take the medicine or have the test or procedure.
If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.
Know how you can contact your provider if you have questions.


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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Product Review: Philips Norelco Click & Style
With the new Philips Norelco Click & Style, you can get a super-flexible electric shaver that can handle all your grooming needs. If you're smart about your grooming habits, or have a girlfriend or spouse that speaks her mind, you understand that in today's world a simple daily shave usually won't cut. With the new Click & Style, regardless of your preferences (or her preferences!), you'll have one handy tool that can help you take care of business.
The Click & Style is a complete all-in-one system equipped with three attachments that are easy to click on and off for shaving, facial styling, or bodygrooming with a single product. We tested all of them and the ease of use was impressive. The two-headed shaver with ComfortCut blades gives you the close shave that you can expect from Norelco products. If you're into some stubble or more growth instead of the all-clean look, you can snap on the beard styler with 5 lengths for the perfect stubble or a neatly trimmed beard. Finally, the skin-friendly bodygroom shaver gives you the flexibility for a close and comfortable shave or a trim on all areas below the neck. The "skin-friendly" feature is critical – we've tested beard trimmers in the past that are a real problem if used directly on the skin!
The Philips Norelco Click & Style also features 100% waterproof technology so you can trim, style and shave wherever you want in wet or dry settings. So if you shave in the shower, you can use this there as well.
If you travel a lot, you'll appreciate the convenience of having one tool that addresses all your grooming needs even more. Our only quibble with this unit is that it doesn't come with a carrying case.
With Father's Day around the corner, this can be a great gift for the right dad who can appreciate such a powerful grooming tool.
Posted in: Gadgets, Grooming, Lifestyle, Stuff to Buy
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PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation | ||||
Prev | Up | Chapter 8. Data Types | Next |
PostgreSQL supports the full set of SQL date and time types, shown in Table 8-9. The operations available on these data types are described in Section 9.9. Dates are counted according to the Gregorian calendar, even in years before that calendar was introduced (see Section B.4 for more information).
Table 8-9. Date/Time Types
Name | Storage Size | Description | Low Value | High Value | Resolution |
timestamp [ (p) ] [ without time zone ] | 8 bytes | both date and time (no time zone) | 4713 BC | 294276 AD | 1 microsecond / 14 digits |
timestamp [ (p) ] with time zone | 8 bytes | both date and time, with time zone | 4713 BC | 294276 AD | 1 microsecond / 14 digits |
date | 4 bytes | date (no time of day) | 4713 BC | 5874897 AD | 1 day |
time [ (p) ] [ without time zone ] | 8 bytes | time of day (no date) | 00:00:00 | 24:00:00 | 1 microsecond / 14 digits |
time [ (p) ] with time zone | 12 bytes | times of day only, with time zone | 00:00:00+1459 | 24:00:00-1459 | 1 microsecond / 14 digits |
interval [ fields ] [ (p) ] | 16 bytes | time interval | -178000000 years | 178000000 years | 1 microsecond / 14 digits |
Note: The SQL standard requires that writing just timestamp be equivalent to timestamp without time zone, and PostgreSQL honors that behavior. (Releases prior to 7.3 treated it as timestamp with time zone.) timestamptz is accepted as an abbreviation for timestamp with time zone; this is a PostgreSQL extension.
time, timestamp, and interval accept an optional precision value p which specifies the number of fractional digits retained in the seconds field. By default, there is no explicit bound on precision. The allowed range of p is from 0 to 6 for the timestamp and interval types.
Note: When timestamp values are stored as eight-byte integers (currently the default), microsecond precision is available over the full range of values. When timestamp values are stored as double precision floating-point numbers instead (a deprecated compile-time option), the effective limit of precision might be less than 6. timestamp values are stored as seconds before or after midnight 2000-01-01. When timestamp values are implemented using floating-point numbers, microsecond precision is achieved for dates within a few years of 2000-01-01, but the precision degrades for dates further away. Note that using floating-point datetimes allows a larger range of timestamp values to be represented than shown above: from 4713 BC up to 5874897 AD.
The same compile-time option also determines whether time and interval values are stored as floating-point numbers or eight-byte integers. In the floating-point case, large interval values degrade in precision as the size of the interval increases.
For the time types, the allowed range of p is from 0 to 6 when eight-byte integer storage is used, or from 0 to 10 when floating-point storage is used.
The interval type has an additional option, which is to restrict the set of stored fields by writing one of these phrases:
Note that if both fields and p are specified, the fields must include SECOND, since the precision applies only to the seconds.
The type time with time zone is defined by the SQL standard, but the definition exhibits properties which lead to questionable usefulness. In most cases, a combination of date, time, timestamp without time zone, and timestamp with time zone should provide a complete range of date/time functionality required by any application.
The types abstime and reltime are lower precision types which are used internally. You are discouraged from using these types in applications; these internal types might disappear in a future release.
Date and time input is accepted in almost any reasonable format, including ISO 8601, SQL-compatible, traditional POSTGRES, and others. For some formats, ordering of day, month, and year in date input is ambiguous and there is support for specifying the expected ordering of these fields. Set the DateStyle parameter to MDY to select month-day-year interpretation, DMY to select day-month-year interpretation, or YMD to select year-month-day interpretation.
PostgreSQL is more flexible in handling date/time input than the SQL standard requires. See Appendix B for the exact parsing rules of date/time input and for the recognized text fields including months, days of the week, and time zones.
Remember that any date or time literal input needs to be enclosed in single quotes, like text strings. Refer to Section 22.214.171.124 for more information. SQL requires the following syntax
type [ (p) ] 'value'
where p is an optional precision specification giving the number of fractional digits in the seconds field. Precision can be specified for time, timestamp, and interval types. The allowed values are mentioned above. If no precision is specified in a constant specification, it defaults to the precision of the literal value.
Table 8-10 shows some possible inputs for the date type.
Table 8-10. Date Input
Example | Description |
1999-01-08 | ISO 8601; January 8 in any mode (recommended format) |
January 8, 1999 | unambiguous in any datestyle input mode |
1/8/1999 | January 8 in MDY mode; August 1 in DMY mode |
1/18/1999 | January 18 in MDY mode; rejected in other modes |
01/02/03 | January 2, 2003 in MDY mode; February 1, 2003 in DMY mode; February 3, 2001 in YMD mode |
1999-Jan-08 | January 8 in any mode |
Jan-08-1999 | January 8 in any mode |
08-Jan-1999 | January 8 in any mode |
99-Jan-08 | January 8 in YMD mode, else error |
08-Jan-99 | January 8, except error in YMD mode |
Jan-08-99 | January 8, except error in YMD mode |
19990108 | ISO 8601; January 8, 1999 in any mode |
990108 | ISO 8601; January 8, 1999 in any mode |
1999.008 | year and day of year |
J2451187 | Julian date |
January 8, 99 BC | year 99 BC |
The time-of-day types are time [ (p) ] without time zone and time [ (p) ] with time zone. time alone is equivalent to time without time zone.
Valid input for these types consists of a time of day followed by an optional time zone. (See Table 8-11 and Table 8-12.) If a time zone is specified in the input for time without time zone, it is silently ignored. You can also specify a date but it will be ignored, except when you use a time zone name that involves a daylight-savings rule, such as America/New_York. In this case specifying the date is required in order to determine whether standard or daylight-savings time applies. The appropriate time zone offset is recorded in the time with time zone value.
Table 8-11. Time Input
Example | Description |
04:05 AM | same as 04:05; AM does not affect value |
04:05 PM | same as 16:05; input hour must be <= 12 |
04:05:06 PST | time zone specified by abbreviation |
2003-04-12 04:05:06 America/New_York | time zone specified by full name |
Table 8-12. Time Zone Input
Example | Description |
PST | Abbreviation (for Pacific Standard Time) |
America/New_York | Full time zone name |
PST8PDT | POSIX-style time zone specification |
-8:00 | ISO-8601 offset for PST |
-800 | ISO-8601 offset for PST |
-8 | ISO-8601 offset for PST |
zulu | Military abbreviation for UTC |
z | Short form of zulu |
Refer to Section 8.5.3 for more information on how to specify time zones.
Valid input for the time stamp types consists of the concatenation of a date and a time, followed by an optional time zone, followed by an optional AD or BC. (Alternatively, AD/BC can appear before the time zone, but this is not the preferred ordering.) Thus:
1999-01-08 04:05:06
1999-01-08 04:05:06 -8:00
are valid values, which follow the ISO 8601 standard. In addition, the common format:
January 8 04:05:06 1999 PST
is supported.
The SQL standard differentiates timestamp without time zone and timestamp with time zone literals by the presence of a "+" or "-" symbol and time zone offset after the time. Hence, according to the standard,
is a timestamp without time zone, while
is a timestamp with time zone. PostgreSQL never examines the content of a literal string before determining its type, and therefore will treat both of the above as timestamp without time zone. To ensure that a literal is treated as timestamp with time zone, give it the correct explicit type:
In a literal that has been determined to be timestamp without time zone, PostgreSQL will silently ignore any time zone indication. That is, the resulting value is derived from the date/time fields in the input value, and is not adjusted for time zone.
For timestamp with time zone, the internally stored value is always in UTC (Universal Coordinated Time, traditionally known as Greenwich Mean Time, GMT). An input value that has an explicit time zone specified is converted to UTC using the appropriate offset for that time zone. If no time zone is stated in the input string, then it is assumed to be in the time zone indicated by the system's TimeZone parameter, and is converted to UTC using the offset for the timezone zone.
When a timestamp with time zone value is output, it is always converted from UTC to the current timezone zone, and displayed as local time in that zone. To see the time in another time zone, either change timezone or use the AT TIME ZONE construct (see Section 9.9.3).
Conversions between timestamp without time zone and timestamp with time zone normally assume that the timestamp without time zone value should be taken or given as timezone local time. A different time zone can be specified for the conversion using AT TIME ZONE.
PostgreSQL supports several special date/time input values for convenience, as shown in Table 8-13. The values infinity and -infinity are specially represented inside the system and will be displayed unchanged; but the others are simply notational shorthands that will be converted to ordinary date/time values when read. (In particular, now and related strings are converted to a specific time value as soon as they are read.) All of these values need to be enclosed in single quotes when used as constants in SQL commands.
Table 8-13. Special Date/Time Inputs
Input String | Valid Types | Description |
epoch | date, timestamp | 1970-01-01 00:00:00+00 (Unix system time zero) |
infinity | date, timestamp | later than all other time stamps |
-infinity | date, timestamp | earlier than all other time stamps |
now | date, time, timestamp | current transaction's start time |
today | date, timestamp | midnight today |
tomorrow | date, timestamp | midnight tomorrow |
yesterday | date, timestamp | midnight yesterday |
allballs | time | 00:00:00.00 UTC |
The following SQL-compatible functions can also be used to obtain the current time value for the corresponding data type: CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, LOCALTIME, LOCALTIMESTAMP. The latter four accept an optional subsecond precision specification. (See Section 9.9.4.) Note that these are SQL functions and are not recognized in data input strings.
The output format of the date/time types can be set to one of the four styles ISO 8601, SQL (Ingres), traditional POSTGRES (Unix date format), or German. The default is the ISO format. (The SQL standard requires the use of the ISO 8601 format. The name of the "SQL" output format is a historical accident.) Table 8-14 shows examples of each output style. The output of the date and time types is of course only the date or time part in accordance with the given examples.
Table 8-14. Date/Time Output Styles
Style Specification | Description | Example |
ISO | ISO 8601, SQL standard | 1997-12-17 07:37:16-08 |
SQL | traditional style | 12/17/1997 07:37:16.00 PST |
Postgres | original style | Wed Dec 17 07:37:16 1997 PST |
German | regional style | 17.12.1997 07:37:16.00 PST |
Note: ISO 8601 specifies the use of uppercase letter T to separate the date and time. PostgreSQL accepts that format on input, but on output it uses a space rather than T, as shown above. This is for readability and for consistency with RFC 3339 as well as some other database systems.
In the SQL and POSTGRES styles, day appears before month if DMY field ordering has been specified, otherwise month appears before day. (See Section 8.5.1 for how this setting also affects interpretation of input values.) Table 8-15 shows examples.
Table 8-15. Date Order Conventions
datestyle Setting | Input Ordering | Example Output |
SQL, DMY | day/month/year | 17/12/1997 15:37:16.00 CET |
SQL, MDY | month/day/year | 12/17/1997 07:37:16.00 PST |
Postgres, DMY | day/month/year | Wed 17 Dec 07:37:16 1997 PST |
The date/time style can be selected by the user using the SET datestyle command, the DateStyle parameter in the postgresql.conf configuration file, or the PGDATESTYLE environment variable on the server or client.
The formatting function to_char
(see Section 9.8) is also available
as a more flexible way to format date/time output.
Time zones, and time-zone conventions, are influenced by political decisions, not just earth geometry. Time zones around the world became somewhat standardized during the 1900s, but continue to be prone to arbitrary changes, particularly with respect to daylight-savings rules. PostgreSQL uses the widely-used IANA (Olson) time zone database for information about historical time zone rules. For times in the future, the assumption is that the latest known rules for a given time zone will continue to be observed indefinitely far into the future.
PostgreSQL endeavors to be compatible with the SQL standard definitions for typical usage. However, the SQL standard has an odd mix of date and time types and capabilities. Two obvious problems are:
Although the date type cannot have an associated time zone, the time type can. Time zones in the real world have little meaning unless associated with a date as well as a time, since the offset can vary through the year with daylight-saving time boundaries.
The default time zone is specified as a constant numeric offset from UTC. It is therefore impossible to adapt to daylight-saving time when doing date/time arithmetic across DST boundaries.
To address these difficulties, we recommend using date/time types that contain both date and time when using time zones. We do not recommend using the type time with time zone (though it is supported by PostgreSQL for legacy applications and for compliance with the SQL standard). PostgreSQL assumes your local time zone for any type containing only date or time.
All timezone-aware dates and times are stored internally in UTC. They are converted to local time in the zone specified by the TimeZone configuration parameter before being displayed to the client.
PostgreSQL allows you to specify time zones in three different forms:
A full time zone name, for example America/New_York. The recognized time zone names are listed in the pg_timezone_names view (see Section 45.69). PostgreSQL uses the widely-used IANA time zone data for this purpose, so the same time zone names are also recognized by much other software.
A time zone abbreviation, for example PST. Such a specification merely defines a particular offset from UTC, in contrast to full time zone names which can imply a set of daylight savings transition-date rules as well. The recognized abbreviations are listed in the pg_timezone_abbrevs view (see Section 45.68). You cannot set the configuration parameters TimeZone or log_timezone to a time zone abbreviation, but you can use abbreviations in date/time input values and with the AT TIME ZONE operator.
In addition to the timezone names and abbreviations, PostgreSQL will accept POSIX-style time zone specifications of the form STDoffset or STDoffsetDST, where STD is a zone abbreviation, offset is a numeric offset in hours west from UTC, and DST is an optional daylight-savings zone abbreviation, assumed to stand for one hour ahead of the given offset. For example, if EST5EDT were not already a recognized zone name, it would be accepted and would be functionally equivalent to United States East Coast time. When a daylight-savings zone name is present, it is assumed to be used according to the same daylight-savings transition rules used in the IANA time zone database's posixrules entry. In a standard PostgreSQL installation, posixrules is the same as US/Eastern, so that POSIX-style time zone specifications follow USA daylight-savings rules. If needed, you can adjust this behavior by replacing the posixrules file.
In short, this is the difference between abbreviations and full names: abbreviations represent a specific offset from UTC, whereas many of the full names imply a local daylight-savings time rule, and so have two possible UTC offsets. As an example, 2014-06-04 12:00 America/New_York represents noon local time in New York, which for this particular date was Eastern Daylight Time (UTC-4). So 2014-06-04 12:00 EDT specifies that same time instant. But 2014-06-04 12:00 EST specifies noon Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5), regardless of whether daylight savings was nominally in effect on that date.
To complicate matters, some jurisdictions have used the same timezone abbreviation to mean different UTC offsets at different times; for example, in Moscow MSK has meant UTC+3 in some years and UTC+4 in others. PostgreSQL interprets such abbreviations according to whatever they meant (or had most recently meant) on the specified date; but, as with the EST example above, this is not necessarily the same as local civil time on that date.
One should be wary that the POSIX-style time zone feature can lead to silently accepting bogus input, since there is no check on the reasonableness of the zone abbreviations. For example, SET TIMEZONE TO FOOBAR0 will work, leaving the system effectively using a rather peculiar abbreviation for UTC. Another issue to keep in mind is that in POSIX time zone names, positive offsets are used for locations west of Greenwich. Everywhere else, PostgreSQL follows the ISO-8601 convention that positive timezone offsets are east of Greenwich.
In all cases, timezone names and abbreviations are recognized case-insensitively. (This is a change from PostgreSQL versions prior to 8.2, which were case-sensitive in some contexts but not others.)
Neither timezone names nor abbreviations are hard-wired into the server; they are obtained from configuration files stored under .../share/timezone/ and .../share/timezonesets/ of the installation directory (see Section B.3).
The TimeZone configuration parameter can be set in the file postgresql.conf, or in any of the other standard ways described in Chapter 18. There are also some special ways to set it:
The SQL command SET TIME ZONE sets the time zone for the session. This is an alternative spelling of SET TIMEZONE TO with a more SQL-spec-compatible syntax.
The PGTZ environment variable is used by libpq clients to send a SET TIME ZONE command to the server upon connection.
interval values can be written using the following verbose syntax:
[@] quantity unit [quantity unit...] [direction]
where quantity is a number (possibly signed); unit is microsecond, millisecond, second, minute, hour, day, week, month, year, decade, century, millennium, or abbreviations or plurals of these units; direction can be ago or empty. The at sign (@) is optional noise. The amounts of the different units are implicitly added with appropriate sign accounting. ago negates all the fields. This syntax is also used for interval output, if IntervalStyle is set to postgres_verbose.
Quantities of days, hours, minutes, and seconds can be specified without explicit unit markings. For example, '1 12:59:10' is read the same as '1 day 12 hours 59 min 10 sec'. Also, a combination of years and months can be specified with a dash; for example '200-10' is read the same as '200 years 10 months'. (These shorter forms are in fact the only ones allowed by the SQL standard, and are used for output when IntervalStyle is set to sql_standard.)
Interval values can also be written as ISO 8601 time intervals, using either the "format with designators" of the standard's section 126.96.36.199 or the "alternative format" of section 184.108.40.206. The format with designators looks like this:
P quantity unit [ quantity unit ...] [ T [ quantity unit ...]]
The string must start with a P, and may include a T that introduces the time-of-day units. The available unit abbreviations are given in Table 8-16. Units may be omitted, and may be specified in any order, but units smaller than a day must appear after T. In particular, the meaning of M depends on whether it is before or after T.
Table 8-16. ISO 8601 Interval Unit Abbreviations
Abbreviation | Meaning |
Y | Years |
M | Months (in the date part) |
W | Weeks |
D | Days |
H | Hours |
M | Minutes (in the time part) |
S | Seconds |
In the alternative format:
P [ years-months-days ] [ T hours:minutes:seconds ]
the string must begin with P, and a T separates the date and time parts of the interval. The values are given as numbers similar to ISO 8601 dates.
When writing an interval constant with a fields specification, or when assigning a string to an interval column that was defined with a fields specification, the interpretation of unmarked quantities depends on the fields. For example INTERVAL '1' YEAR is read as 1 year, whereas INTERVAL '1' means 1 second. Also, field values "to the right" of the least significant field allowed by the fields specification are silently discarded. For example, writing INTERVAL '1 day 2:03:04' HOUR TO MINUTE results in dropping the seconds field, but not the day field.
According to the SQL standard all fields of an interval value must have the same sign, so a leading negative sign applies to all fields; for example the negative sign in the interval literal '-1 2:03:04' applies to both the days and hour/minute/second parts. PostgreSQL allows the fields to have different signs, and traditionally treats each field in the textual representation as independently signed, so that the hour/minute/second part is considered positive in this example. If IntervalStyle is set to sql_standard then a leading sign is considered to apply to all fields (but only if no additional signs appear). Otherwise the traditional PostgreSQL interpretation is used. To avoid ambiguity, it's recommended to attach an explicit sign to each field if any field is negative.
Internally interval values are stored
as months, days, and seconds. This is done because the number
of days in a month varies, and a day can have 23 or 25 hours if
a daylight savings time adjustment is involved. The months and
days fields are integers while the seconds field can store
fractions. Because intervals are usually created from constant
strings or timestamp subtraction, this
storage method works well in most cases. Functions justify_days
and justify_hours
are available for adjusting
days and hours that overflow their normal ranges.
In the verbose input format, and in some fields of the more compact input formats, field values can have fractional parts; for example '1.5 week' or '01:02:03.45'. Such input is converted to the appropriate number of months, days, and seconds for storage. When this would result in a fractional number of months or days, the fraction is added to the lower-order fields using the conversion factors 1 month = 30 days and 1 day = 24 hours. For example, '1.5 month' becomes 1 month and 15 days. Only seconds will ever be shown as fractional on output.
Table 8-17 shows some examples of valid interval input.
Table 8-17. Interval Input
Example | Description |
1-2 | SQL standard format: 1 year 2 months |
3 4:05:06 | SQL standard format: 3 days 4 hours 5 minutes 6 seconds |
1 year 2 months 3 days 4 hours 5 minutes 6 seconds | Traditional Postgres format: 1 year 2 months 3 days 4 hours 5 minutes 6 seconds |
P1Y2M3DT4H5M6S | ISO 8601 "format with designators": same meaning as above |
P0001-02-03T04:05:06 | ISO 8601 "alternative format": same meaning as above |
The output format of the interval type can be set to one of the four styles sql_standard, postgres, postgres_verbose, or iso_8601, using the command SET intervalstyle. The default is the postgres format. Table 8-18 shows examples of each output style.
The sql_standard style produces output that conforms to the SQL standard's specification for interval literal strings, if the interval value meets the standard's restrictions (either year-month only or day-time only, with no mixing of positive and negative components). Otherwise the output looks like a standard year-month literal string followed by a day-time literal string, with explicit signs added to disambiguate mixed-sign intervals.
The output of the postgres style matches the output of PostgreSQL releases prior to 8.4 when the DateStyle parameter was set to ISO.
The output of the postgres_verbose style matches the output of PostgreSQL releases prior to 8.4 when the DateStyle parameter was set to non-ISO output.
The output of the iso_8601 style matches the "format with designators" described in section 188.8.131.52 of the ISO 8601 standard.
Table 8-18. Interval Output Style Examples
Style Specification | Year-Month Interval | Day-Time Interval | Mixed Interval |
sql_standard | 1-2 | 3 4:05:06 | -1-2 +3 -4:05:06 |
postgres | 1 year 2 mons | 3 days 04:05:06 | -1 year -2 mons +3 days -04:05:06 |
postgres_verbose | @ 1 year 2 mons | @ 3 days 4 hours 5 mins 6 secs | @ 1 year 2 mons -3 days 4 hours 5 mins 6 secs ago |
iso_8601 | P1Y2M | P3DT4H5M6S | P-1Y-2M3DT-4H-5M-6S |


text:
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text:
Upstream Release Monitoring firstname.lastname@example.com changed:
What |Removed |Added ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary|ghc-dbus-1.2.5 is available |ghc-dbus-1.2.6 is available
--- Comment #20 from Upstream Release Monitoring email@example.com --- Latest upstream release: 1.2.6 Current version/release in rawhide: 1.1.1-1.fc30 URL: http://hackage.haskell.org/package/dbus
Please consult the package updates policy before you issue an update to a stable branch: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Updates_Policy
More information about the service that created this bug can be found at: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Upstream_release_monitoring
Please keep in mind that with any upstream change, there may also be packaging changes that need to be made. Specifically, please remember that it is your responsibility to review the new version to ensure that the licensing is still correct and that no non-free or legally problematic items have been added upstream.
Based on the information from anitya: https://release-monitoring.org/project/1052/


text:
Quick History of Marijuana – "evil weed" in American History
GENE JOHNSON, Associated Press
The grass is no greener. But, finally, it's legal — at least somewhere in America. It's been a long, strange trip for marijuana.
Washington state and Colorado voted to legalize and regulate its recreational use last month. But before that, the plant, renowned since ancient times for its strong fibers, medical use and mind-altering properties, was a staple crop of the colonies, an "assassin of youth," a counterculture emblem and a widely accepted — if often abused — medicine.
On the occasion of Thursday's "Legalization Day," when Washington's new law takes effect, here's a look back at the cultural and legal status of the "evil weed" in American history.
George Washington and Thomas Jefferson both grew hemp and puzzled over the best ways to process it for clothing and rope.
Indeed, cannabis has been grown in America since soon after the British arrived. In 1619 the Crown ordered the colonists at Jamestown to grow hemp to satisfy England's incessant demand for maritime ropes, Wayne State University professor Ernest Abel wrote in "Marihuana: The First Twelve Thousand Years."
Hemp became more important to the colonies as New England's own shipping industry developed, and homespun hemp helped clothe American soldiers during the Revolutionary War. Some colonies offered farmers "bounties" for growing it.
"We have manufactured within our families the most necessary articles of clothing," Jefferson said in "Notes on the State of Virginia." "Those of wool, flax and hemp are very coarse, unsightly, and unpleasant."
Jefferson went on to invent a device for processing hemp in 1815.
Books such as "The Arabian Nights" and Alexandre Dumas' "The Count of Monte Cristo," with its voluptuous descriptions of hashish highs in the exotic Orient, helped spark a cannabis fad among intellectuals in the mid-19th century.
"But what changes occur!" one of Dumas' characters tells an uninitiated acquaintance. "When you return to this mundane sphere from your visionary world, you would seem to leave a Neapolitan spring for a Lapland winter — to quit paradise for earth — heaven for hell! Taste the hashish, guest of mine — taste the hashish."
After the Civil War, with hospitals often overprescribing opiates for pain, many soldiers returned home hooked on harder drugs. Those addictions eventually became a public health concern. In 1906, Congress passed the Pure Food and Drug Act, requiring labeling of ingredients, and states began regulating opiates and other medicines — including cannabis.
By the turn of the 20th century, cannabis smoking remained little known in the United States — but that was changing, thanks largely to The Associated Press, says Isaac Campos, a Latin American history professor at the University of Cincinnati.
In the 1890s, the first English-language newspaper opened in Mexico and, through the wire service, tales of marijuana-induced violence that were common in Mexican papers began to appear north of the border — helping to shape public perceptions that would later form the basis of pot prohibition, Campos says.
By 1910, when the Mexican Revolution pushed immigrants north, articles in the New York Sun, Boston Daily Globe and other papers decried the "evils of ganjah smoking" and suggested that some use it "to key themselves up to the point of killing."
Pot-smoking spread through the 1920s and became especially popular with jazz musicians. Louis Armstrong, a lifelong fan and defender of the drug he called "gage," was arrested in California in 1930 and given a six-month suspended sentence for pot possession.
"It relaxes you, makes you forget all the bad things that happen to a Negro," he once said. In the 1950s, he urged legalization in a letter to President Dwight Eisenhower.
After the repeal of alcohol prohibition in 1933, Harry Anslinger, who headed the federal Bureau of Narcotics, turned his attention to pot. He told of sensational crimes reportedly committed by marijuana addicts. "No one knows, when he places a marijuana cigarette to his lips, whether he will become a philosopher, a joyous reveler in a musical heaven, a mad insensate, a calm philosopher, or a murderer," he wrote in a 1937 magazine article called "Marijuana: Assassin of Youth."
The hysteria was captured in the propaganda films of the time — most famously, "Reefer Madness," which depicted young adults descending into violence and insanity after smoking marijuana. The movie found little audience upon its release in 1936 but was rediscovered by pot fans in the 1970s.
Congress banned marijuana with the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937. Anslinger continued his campaign into the '40s and '50s, sometimes trying — without luck — to get jazz musicians to inform on each other. "Zoot suited hep cats, with their jive lingo and passion for swift, hot music, provide a fertile field for growth of the marijuana habit, narcotics agents have found here," began a 1943 Washington Post story about increasing pot use in the nation's capital.
The Department of Agriculture promoted a different message. After Japanese troops cut off access to Asian fiber supplies during World War II, it released "Hemp For Victory," a propaganda film urging farmers to grow hemp and extolling its use in parachutes and rope for the war effort.
As the conformity of the postwar era took hold, getting high on marijuana and other drugs emerged as a symbol of the counterculture, with Jack Kerouac and the rest of the Beat Generation singing pot's praises. It also continued to be popular with actors and musicians. When actor Robert Mitchum was arrested on a marijuana charge in 1948, People magazine recounted, "The press nationwide branded him a dope fiend. Preachers railed against him from pulpits. Mothers warned their daughters to shun his films."
Congress responded to increasing drug use — especially heroin — with stiffer penalties in the '50s. Anslinger began to hype what we now call the "gateway drug" theory: that marijuana had to be controlled because it would eventually lead its users to heroin.
Then came Vietnam. The widespread, open use of marijuana by hippies and war protesters from San Francisco to Woodstock finally exposed the falsity of the claims so many had made about marijuana leading to violence, says University of Virginia professor Richard Bonnie, a scholar of pot's cultural status.
In 1972, Bonnie was the associate director of a commission appointed by President Richard Nixon to study marijuana. The commission said marijuana should be decriminalized and regulated. Nixon rejected that, but a dozen states in the '70s went on to eliminate jail time as a punishment for pot arrests.
The push to liberalize drug laws hit a wall by the late 1970s. Parents groups became concerned about data showing that more children were using drugs, and at a younger age. The religious right was emerging as a force in national politics. And the first "Cheech and Chong" movie, in 1978, didn't do much to burnish pot's image.
When she became first lady, Nancy Reagan quickly promoted the anti-drug cause. During a visit with schoolchildren in Oakland, Calif., as Reagan later recalled, "A little girl raised her hand and said, 'Mrs. Reagan, what do you do if somebody offers you drugs?' And I said, 'Well, you just say no.' And there it was born."
By 1988, more than 12,000 "Just Say No" clubs and school programs had been formed, according to the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation and Library. Between 1978 and 1987, the percentage of high school seniors reporting daily use of marijuana fell from 10 percent to 3 percent.
And marijuana use was so politically toxic that when Bill Clinton ran for president in 1992, he said he "didn't inhale."
Marijuana has been used as medicine since ancient times, as described in Chinese, Indian and Roman texts, but U.S. drug laws in the latter part of the 20th century made no room for it. In the 1970s, many states passed symbolic laws calling for studies of marijuana's efficacy as medicine, although virtually no studies ever took place because of the federal prohibition.
Nevertheless, doctors noted its ability to ease nausea and stimulate appetites of cancer and AIDS patients. And in 1996, California became the first state to allow the medical use of marijuana. Since then, 17 other states and the District of Columbia have followed.
In recent years, medical marijuana dispensaries — readily identifiable by the green crosses on their storefronts — have proliferated in many states, including Washington, Colorado and California. That's prompted a backlash from some who suggest they are fronts for illicit drug dealing and that most of the people they serve aren't really sick. The Justice Department has shut down some it deems the worst offenders.
On Nov. 6, Washington and Colorado pleased aging hippies everywhere — and shocked straights of all ages — by voting to become the first states to legalize the fun use of marijuana. Voters handily approved measures to decriminalize the possession of up to an ounce by adults over 21. Colorado's measure also permits home-growing of up to six plants.
Both states are working to set up a regulatory scheme with licensed growers, processors and retail stores. Eventually, activists say, grown-ups will be able to walk into a store, buy some marijuana, and walk out with ganja in hand — but not before paying the taxman. The states expect to raise hundreds of millions of dollars for schools and other government functions.
But it's not so simple. The regulatory schemes conflict with the federal government's longstanding pot prohibition, according to many legal scholars. The Justice Department could sue to block those schemes from taking effect — but hasn't said whether it will do so.
The bizarre journey of cannabis in America continues.
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text:
AC Cleaning Sweetwater, FL 33184
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text:
The Son of Bigfoot
Watch The Son of Bigfoot Online Free
Synopsis The Son of Bigfoot:
Teenage outsider Adam sets out on an epic and daring quest to uncover the mystery behind his long-lost dad, only to find out that he is none other than the legendary Bigfoot! He has been hiding deep in the forest for years to protect himself and his family from HairCo., a giant corporation eager to run scientific experiments with his special DNA. As father and son start making up for lost time after the boy's initial disbelief, Adam soon discovers that he too is gifted with superpowers beyond his imagination. But little do they know, HairCo. is on their tail as Adam's traces have led them to Bigfoot!


text:
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text:
Many online journals are ready to publish bad research in exchange for a credit card number.
That's the conclusion of an elaborate sting carried out by Science, a leading mainline journal. The result should trouble doctors, patients, policymakers and anyone who has a stake in the integrity of science (and who doesn't?).
The business model of these "predatory publishers" is a scientific version of those phishes from Nigerians who want help transferring a few million dollars into your bank account.
To find out just how common predatory publishing is, Science contributor John Bohannon sent a deliberately faked research article 305 times to online journals. More than half the journals that supposedly reviewed the fake paper accepted it.
"This sting operation," Bohannon writes, reveals "the contours of an emerging Wild West in academic publishing."
Online scientific journals are springing up at a great rate. There are thousands out there. Many, such as PLoS One, are totally respectable. This "open access" model is making good science more accessible than ever before, without making users pay the hefty subscription fees of traditional print journals.
(It should be noted that Science is among these legacy print journals, charging subscription fees and putting much of its online content behind a pay wall.)
But the Internet has also opened the door to clever imitators who collect fees from scientists eager to get published. "It's the equivalent of paying someone to publish your work on their blog," Bohannon tells Shots.
These sleazy journals often look legitimate. They bear titles like the American Journal of Polymer Science that closely resemble titles of respected journals. Their mastheads often contain the names of respectable-looking experts. But often it's all but impossible to tell who's really behind them or even where in the world they're located.
Bohannon says his experiment shows many of these online journals didn't notice fatal flaws in a paper that should be spotted by "anyone with more than high-school knowledge of chemistry." And in some cases, even when one of their reviewers pointed out mistakes, the journal accepted the paper anyway — and then asked for hundreds or thousands of dollars in publication fees from the author.
A journalist with an Oxford University PhD in molecular biology, Bohannon fabricated a paper purporting to discover a chemical extracted from lichen that kills cancer cells. Its authors were fake too — nonexistent researchers with African-sounding names based at the fictitious Wassee Institute of Medicine in Asmara, a city in Eritrea.
With help from collaborators at Harvard, Bohannon made the paper look as science-y as possible – but larded it with fundamental errors in method, data and conclusions.
For starters, the purported new cancer drug was tested on cancer cells – but not healthy cells. So there's no way to tell whether its effect was cancer-specific, or if it's simply toxic to all cells.
A graph in the paper purports to show that the more lichen drug that was added to test tubes of cancer cells, the more effective it was at killing. But in fact the actual data show no such difference.
Bohannon says it wasn't easy to write a convincing fake. Initially he made the data "too crazy," he says. His Harvard collaborators worried it made the paper look too interesting. "So we rewrote it, making boring rookie mistakes," he says.
The final touch was to make the paper read as though it had been written by someone whose first language is not English. To do that, Bohannon used Google Translate to put it into French, then translated that version back into English.
In the end, the paper's fictitious authors got 157 acceptance letters and 98 rejections – a score of 61 percent. "That's way higher than I expected," Bohannon says. "I was expecting 10 or 15 percent, or worst case, a quarter accepted."
For the privilege of being published, the paper's authors were asked to send along a publishing fee of up to $3,100.
The highest density of acceptances was from journals based in India, where academics are under intense pressure to publish in order to get promotions and bonuses.To learn the location of online journals that accepted or rejected Bohannon's paper, see this global map.
Bohannon says the exercise is a damning indictment of the way peer review works (or doesn't) at many online journals. Peer review is the time-honored system of having outside experts comb through submissions to identify flaws in method, data or conclusions. It's the way scientific journals do quality control.
"Peer review is in a worse state than anyone guessed," he says.
Bohannon says he doesn't mean to suggest that the whole business model of online open-access journals is a failure. "You can't conclude that from my experiment, because I didn't do the right control – submitting a paper to paid-subscription journals," he says.
As he acknowledges, it's not as if peer review is always up to snuff at subscription journals – even the top subscription journals have been embarrassed by lapses in their peer review processes. But he says online publishing makes poor-quality journals easier to set up. And the sheer volume of online publications these days makes it harder to distinguish between legitimate and shady journals.
Jeffrey Beall of the University of Colorado wasn't surprised in the least by the outcome of Bohannon's sting. "He basically found what I've been saying for years," he tells Shots.
A growing number of online open-access journals "are accepting papers just to earn publishing fees, and as a result science is being poisoned by a lot of bad articles," Beall says.
Beall, a research librarian, is a self-appointed watchdog over open-access publishing. He maintains alist of what he calls "predatory publishers" – those who "exploit the open-access model of publishing for their own profit."
He points out that online publishers operate under an incentive that's just the opposite of traditional scientific journals. Print journals have rigid constraints on how many articles they can publish, so they have to screen out all but the best. And they have subscribers to keep happy, so they have to cultivate reputations as curators of high-quality research.
But online journals don't have to worry about subscribers; they make their money by charging contributors – who have a strong incentive to get published. So "the more papers they publish the more money they make," Beall says.
Two big questions arise out of all this: What damage is done by publish-anything journals? And what can be done about it?
The potential damage is both far-reaching and difficult to quantify. Bohannon points out that universities and government agencies, particularly in developing countries, may hire researchers based on resumes packed with sleazy citations. Determining which of those CV entries is high-quality and which aren't is no easy task.
Beall notes that lawyers often use scientific citations in briefs and trials. Government officials draw on published research to set policy. Drug companies have a strong incentive to manipulate research to bolster their claims. And researchers may be led down futile paths on the basis of poor research.
As to what can be done, Beall says poor-quality research can probably only be driven out by naming and shaming.
Bohannon thinks there might be a sort of Consumer Reports to survey the quality of online journals and call out those that fall short. And he thinks maybe such an enterprise might regularly carry out stings like his to keep everyone in the field on their toes.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


text:
Barbados Embassies
Please find below all Barbados Embassies around the world
Embassies are bilateral missions Embassies are bilateral missions abroad. Embassies promote interests abroad. Embassies also play an important role in development, cultural affairs and contacts with the press. Consulates are subordinate to the embassies and focus on more specific activities.
The activities of all embassies and consulates are usually coordinated from their Ministries of Foreign Affairs.
On this page you will find all
Embassies around the world.
Embassy Appointment - Many Embassies nowadays require that you first make an appointment before you visit the Embassy. In most cases you can make an appointment through the Embassy website. On the official website of the Embassy you will find information on appointments and opening hours.


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We may alter and update Our Site (or any part of it) at any time.
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6.1 We may alter these Terms and Conditions at any time. If We do so, details of the changes will be highlighted at the top of this page. As explained above, your use of Our Site constitutes your acceptance of these Terms and Conditions. Consequently, any changes made to these Terms and Conditions will apply to your use of Our Site the first time you use it after the changes have been implemented. You are therefore advised to check this page every time you use Our Site. If any part of the current version of these Terms and Conditions conflicts with any previous version(s), the current version shall prevail unless We explicitly state otherwise.
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7.1 All Content included on Our Site and the copyright and other intellectual property rights in that Content belongs to or has been licensed by Us, unless specifically labelled otherwise. All Content is protected by the applicable national and international intellectual property laws and treaties.
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7.3 You may print one copy and download extracts of any page(s) from Our Site for personal use only. You may not modify the printed copies or downloaded extracts in any way. Images, video, audio, or any other Content downloaded from Our Site must not be used separately from accompanying text. Our status as the owner and author of the Content on Our Site (or that of identified licensors, as applicable) must always be acknowledged.
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11.1 Nothing in these Terms and Conditions excludes or restricts Our liability for fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation, for death or personal injury resulting from negligence, or for any other forms of liability which cannot be lawfully excluded or restricted.
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12. Viruses, Malware, and Security
12.1 We exercise reasonable skill and care to ensure that Our Site is secure and free from viruses and malware; however, We do not guarantee that this is the case.
12.2 You are responsible for protecting your hardware, software, data, and other material from viruses, malware, and other internet security risks.
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12.4 You must not attempt to gain unauthorised access to any part of Our Site, the server on which Our Site is stored, or any other server, computer, or database connected to Our Site.
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Acceptable Usage of Our Site
13.1 You may only use Our Site in a lawful manner: (a) You must ensure that you comply fully with any and all local, national, or international laws and regulations that apply, (b) You must not use Our site in any way, or for any purpose, that is unlawful or fraudulent; and (c) You must not use Our Site to knowingly send, upload, or in any other way transmit data that contains any form of virus or other malware or any other code designed to adversely affect computer hardware, software, or data of any kind.
13.2 If you fail to comply with the provisions of this clause 13, you will be in breach of these Terms and Conditions. We may take one or more of the following actions in response: (a) suspend or terminate your right to use Our Site, (b) issue you with a written warning, (c) take legal proceedings against you for reimbursement of any and all relevant costs on an indemnity basis resulting from your breach, (d) take further legal action against you, as appropriate, (e) disclose such information to law enforcement authorities as required or as We deem reasonably necessary; and/or (f) any other actions which We deem reasonably appropriate (and lawful).
13.3 We hereby exclude any and all liability arising out of any actions that We may take (including, but not limited to those set out above in clause 13.2 in response to your breach.
14. How We Use Your Personal Information
We will only use your personal information as set out in Our Privacy Policy and Our Cookie Policy.
15. Communications from Us
15.1 If We have your contact details, We may send you important notices by email from time to time. Such notices may relate to matters including, but not limited to, changes to Our Site or to these Terms and Conditions.
15.2 We will not send you marketing emails without your express consent. If you do consent to marketing, you may opt out at any time. All marketing emails from Us include an unsubscribe link. If you opt out of emails from Us, it may take up to 1 week for your request to take effect and you may continue to receive emails during that time.
15.3 For questions or complaints about communications from Us, please contact Us using the details above in clause 3.
Law and Jurisdiction
16.1 These Terms and Conditions, and the relationship between you and Us (whether contractual or otherwise) shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with the laws of the Netherlands. If you are a consumer, you will benefit from any mandatory provisions of the law in your country of residence. Nothing in clause 15.1 takes away from or reduces your legal rights as a consumer.
16.2 To the maximum extent permitted by law, any dispute, controversy, proceedings, or claim between you and Us relating to these Terms and Conditions or to the relationship between you and Us (whether contractual or otherwise) shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of Zeeland and West Brabant, the Netherlands.


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We're proud to sell the highest quality US made nylon paracord you can buy but that doesn't mean you have to pay an arm and a leg for it. We offer multiple ways you can save here at The Paracord Store.
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Suggested topics include (but are in no means limited to):
- Portable crafting projects. I have a post on the STC Craft blog this week sharing the results of my Alabama Chanin ribbon embroidery (pictured below, isn't it purty?). I'm hooked! I love having a project I can take with me on my commutes into Manhattan. I also sometimes like to knit on plane trips. How about you, readers? Do you have a favorite portable project?
- What's in your sewing machine? Tell us what you're making this weekend. I'm finishing up my VoNBBS raglan sleeve coat--the perfect thing for New York fall days.
- Fabric dyeing. Do any of you dye your own textiles? If so, how did you get started? I bought some amazing ombre-dyed lace in Salt Lake City (see above) and it's rejuvenated my desire to try ombre dyeing. I'm usually the type who just jumps into a new technique, but this seems to overwhelming for some reason.
- Project Runway, Season 9. Did you watch Season 9? What did you think of the results? I have to say, I think it was the most boring season yet. I couldn't even get worked up about the winner's shoddy workmanship. I will say this, though: damn, that girl is pretty.
- Project Runway, Season 10. So now comes the time that Mood and other garment district haunts will be plastered with ads for auditions for the next season. Do any of you ever think about trying out? I always consider it, but then never do. (Reality TV sometimes seems so . . . icky.) Maybe this time I really will. It couldn't hurt to audition, right? We'll see.


text: Pavel Sorokin was born on August 14th 1963 into an artistic family. His parents were the Bolshoi Theatre soloists. His mother, Tamara Sorokina, was a Soloist Soprano of the Bolshoi Opera and his father, Shamil Jagudin, a well-known artist of the Bolshoi Ballet. Pavel Sorokin started piano and solfeggio lessons at the age of five, enrolled in the Central Musical Academy at the age of seven and graduated with Excellent eleven years later.In 1981 Pavel Sorokin continued piano studies at the Moscow State Conservatory under world-famous Professor L. Naumov and in 1983 in recognition of his talent was accepted into a program of conducting under the guidance of Professor J. Simonov. He was the Concertmaster of the Bolshoi from 1983 to 1987 and spent his two final years in the Conservatory composing under Professor Agafonikov classes at the Composer Department In 1987 Pavel Sorokin was invited to continue his education at the Paris National Conservatory for two years in the Symphony Conducting Division with J.-S.Bero. The next invitation to study as a Fellow with the Boston Symphony Orchestra (Tanglewood, USA) under the guidance of Professor Mayor and the great Maestros Seiji Ozawa and Leonard Bernstein, led him to being selected to conduct Sibelius' "Finlandia"(0p.26) in the summer of 1989. The same year (1989) the young conductor became the winner of the Competition for the Bolshoi Theatre. Today Mr.Sorokin is one of the leading conductors of the Bolshoi Ballets "Petrushka"," Prodigal Son", "Golden Age19, "The Nutcracker","The Swan Lake" ballets; "Ivan Susanin", "The Tzar Bride", "Khovanshcina", "Knjaz Igor","Iolanta", "Traviata","The Barber of Seville" and many others are within his creative range. "Sorokin brought Music back to the Bolshoi Opera", one newspaper wrote. Pavel Sorokin performs as a symphony conductor too. Every concert he conducted in Russia and abroad (Scotland, Japan, Italy, Argentina, United Arab Emirates, Germany, Norway, South Africa, Hong-Kong, Singapore and others) was a success. He conducted The Moscow Academy Philharmonic Orchestra, The State Symphony Orchestra of Russia, The Russian National Orchestra, The State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra, The Chamber Orchestra of the Bolshoi Theatre, The St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra, The Tokyo City Philharmonic Orchestra, Orchestra del Teatro Comunale del`Opera di Genova, Kansai Philharmonic Orchestra, Nagoya Philharmonic Orchestra, Lodz State Philharmonic Orchestra and others. Pavel Sorokin works in creative collaboration with world-famous soloists: Mstislav Rostropovich, E. Obraztsova, E.Nesterenko, V. Tretiakov, M.Kasrashvili, N. Petrov, N. Luganski, D. Matsuev, A. Gindin, A. Melnikov and many others. His first CD - Rachmaninov, Symphony No 2 in e-moll, Op.27; Vocalise, Op.34, No 14 appeared in 1997. In 1998 Pavel Sorokin was awarded the title "Merited Artist of Russia". The concert season of 2001-2002 is going to be very strenuous for Pavel Sorokin. He conducts practically the whole opera ballet repertoire of the Bolshoi Theatre, has a subscription series of concerts in Moscow Philarmony with almost all the leading Orchestras of Russia that take place in the Great Hall of Moscow Conservatory and Chaikovski Concert Halt Masterful conductor skills, restrained expressive manners and inner concentration created Sorokin's style, which is deprived of false effects. Due to his sharp gestures the orchestras play is easy and high-spirited. His ability to feel the orchestra, delicate attitude toward the soloists, flexible and subtle performances were highly appreciated by critics, musicians and his audience. In July 2001 Merited artist of Russia Pavel Sorokin was invited by the State Symphony Radio and Television Orchestra to head the Orchestra and become its Principal Conductor. On the 7th of March 2002 Maestro Sorokin conducted the concert of world-famous singer Monserrat Caballe and Nikolai Baskov, that took place in the Palace of Congresses in Moscow and became a real event for the opera music lovers. In her interview to Moscow TV Mrs. Caballe appreciated the conductor's mastership as "brilliant".


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iPhone 11 Pro Max Charger Port Repair
Delivery & returns
Delivery Service:
At idooka, we offer a convenient drop-off service for all repairs. Simply bring your device to our location in Essex, Colchester, and our expert technicians will take it from there.
Repair Turnaround Time:
We understand the urgency of getting your device back in your hands. Our dedicated team is committed to completing all repairs within a maximum of 24 hours. However, our goal is to have your device ready within just 2 hours whenever possible.
Warranty Information:
All replaced parts come with a comprehensive 12-month warranty. This ensures that you can enjoy peace of mind knowing that your device is covered in case of any unforeseen issues related to the repaired components.
Returns Policy:
As we primarily provide repair services, our returns policy applies to situations where the repair has not met the agreed-upon standards or if the issue persists despite the repair. In such cases, please contact our support team, and we will do our utmost to address the concern promptly.
Please note that this policy does not cover issues unrelated to the original repair. Additionally, any physical damage or tampering to the repaired part will void the warranty.
For any further questions or concerns regarding our delivery, repair turnaround times, warranty, or returns policy, please feel free to reach out to our customer support team.
Thank you for choosing idooka for your device repair needs. We look forward to serving you!


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You dream of a great career with a great company – where you can make an impact and help people. We dream of giving you the opportunity to do just this. And with the incredible growth of our business, it's a dream that definitely can come true. Already one of the world's leading IT companies, MNJ SOFTWARE is restlessly pursuing new ways to operate our service centers, improve our service levels and help people lead healthier lives. We live for the opportunity to make a difference and right now, we are living it up.
MNJ SOFTWARE is an IT services, business solutions and outsourcing organization that delivers real results to global businesses, ensuring a level of certainty no other firm can match.
MNJ SOFTWARE offers a consulting-led, integrated portfolio of IT and IT-enabled services delivered through its unique Global Network Delivery Model, recognized as the benchmark of excellence in software development.
MNJ SOFTWARE service offerings span business and technology consulting, application services, systems integration, product engineering, custom software development, maintenance, re-engineering, independent testing and validation services, IT infrastructure services and business process outsourcing.
MNJ SOFTWARE takes pride in building strategic long-term client relationships.
MNJ SOFTWARE is only hiring those authorized to work in the India and unable to provide visa sponsorship at this time.
Data Science - Intern at MNJ SOFTWARE, you will participate in design, development and implementation of architectural deliverables of custom projects and products of MNJ SOFTWARE. The role includes working closely with lead, testers, customers, project/product managers and designers.
According to policies and processes of MNJ SOFTWARE, the paramount consideration in the employment of the staff is the necessity of securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity. Candidates will not be considered for employment with the MNJ SOFTWARE if they have committed violations of national / international human rights law, violations of national / international humanitarian law, sexual exploitation, sexual abuse, or sexual harassment, or if there are reasonable grounds to believe that they have been involved in the commission of any of these acts. The term "sexual exploitation" means any actual or attempted abuse of a position of vulnerability, differential power, or trust, for sexual purposes, including, but not limited to, profiting monetarily, socially or politically from the sexual exploitation of another. The term "sexual abuse" means the actual or threatened physical intrusion of a sexual nature, whether by force or under unequal or coercive conditions. The term "sexual harassment" means any unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature that might reasonably be expected or be perceived to cause offence or humiliation, when such conduct interferes with work, is made a condition of employment or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment, and when the gravity of the conduct warrants the termination of the perpetrator's working relationship. Candidates who have committed crimes other than minor traffic offences may not be considered for employment.
Due regard will be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible. The MNJ SOFTWARE places no restrictions on the eligibility of men and women to participate in any capacity and under conditions of equality in its principal and subsidiary organs. The MNJ SOFTWARE OFFICE is a non-smoking environment.
The paramount consideration in the appointment, transfer, or promotion of staff shall be the necessity of securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity. By accepting an offer of appointment, MNJ SOFTWARE staff members are subject to the authority of the Managers and assignment by him or her to any activities or offices of the MNJ SOFTWARE in accordance with staff regulation In this context, all internationally recruited staff members shall be required to move periodically to discharge new functions within or across duty stations under conditions established by the MNJ SOFTWARE.
The evaluation of applicants will be conducted on the basis of the information submitted in the application according to the evaluation criteria of the job opening and the applicable internal legislations of the MNJ SOFTWARE, the Staff Regulations and Rules, administrative issuances and guidelines. Applicants must provide complete and accurate information pertaining to their personal profile and qualifications according to the instructions provided in inspira to be considered for the current job opening. No amendment, addition, deletion, revision or modification shall be made to applications that have been submitted. Candidates under serious consideration for selection will be subject to reference checks to verify the information provided in the application.


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Mathematica provides several convenient ways to find information about functions. In addition to searching the documentation or navigating the guide pages, you can access documentation on functions directly from within your notebook. Learn more in this "How to" screencast.
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Sagrada Familia: Fast Track Guided Tour with optional Tower
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text: Disclaimer: The products and the claims made about specific products on or through this site have not been evaluated by GrandmasLyeSoap.com or the United States Food and Drug Administration and are not approved to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease. The information provided on this site is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for advice from your physician or other health care professional or any information contained on or in any product label or packaging. You should not use the information on this site for diagnosis or treatment of any health problem or for prescription of any medication or other treatment. You should consult with a health care professional before starting any diet, exercise or supplementation program, before taking any medication, or if you have or suspect you might have a health problem.