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Privacy Policy
pugglesavvy.com ("We") are committed to protecting and respecting your privacy. This policy (together with our terms of use and any other documents referred to on it) sets out the basis on which any personal data we collect from you, or that you provide to us, will be processed by us. Please read the following carefully to understand our views and practices regarding your personal data and how we will treat it.
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We use information held about you in the following ways:
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We strive to fully comply with the new regulations set forth in the GDPR established by the EU. By accessing this Site and our products, you hereby acknowledge that we may process personal data (information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person), including but not limited to: names, addresses, telephone numbers, email addresses, credit card details, financial information, posts on social media websites, and your and others' IP addresses. To the extent any personal data we process is governed by the GDPR, it will be treated in compliance with the GDPR.
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Any changes we may make to our privacy policy in the future will be posted on this page and, where appropriate, notified to you by e-mail.
Questions, comments and requests regarding this privacy policy are welcomed and should be addressed to support(at)bedogsavvy(dot)com.


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A bond ladder is a strategy involving the purchase of bonds that have staggering maturity dates. Instead of maturing all at once, the bonds mature in intervals. This may help a bondholder to be less susceptible to changes in interest rates.
For example, assume you set up a five-year bond ladder. You could purchase five different bonds with maturity dates of one, two, three, four, and five years, respectively. When the first bond matures after one year, you would purchase a new five-year bond to keep the ladder intact. If interest rates have risen, you benefit from having cash available to invest in a new bond at the higher rate. If interest rates have fallen, only a portion of your investment would be subject to the lower rate. In addition to interest-rate risk, bonds are subject to inflation and credit quality risk.
A bond ladder has no effect on the risk of the bonds themselves, but using this strategy may help put you in a better position potentially to benefit when interest rates are high and to reduce your bond portfolio's exposure to investment rate risk when rates are low.
By investing in a bond ladder instead of a single bond, you keep your money in motion and have access to a portion of your investment on a regular basis. This may help you structure your portfolio to withstand the inevitability of interest-rate fluctuations.
The return and principal value of bonds fluctuate with changes in market conditions. If sold prior to maturity, a bond may be worth more or less than its original cost. Investments seeking to achieve higher returns also involve a higher degree of risk.
The information in this newsletter is not intended as tax, legal, investment, or retirement advice or recommendations, and it may not be relied on for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. You are encouraged to seek guidance from an independent tax or legal professional. The content is derived from sources believed to be accurate. Neither the information presented nor any opinion expressed constitutes a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. This material was written and prepared by Broadridge Advisor Solutions. © 2024 Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc.

subset: commoncrawl


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Babydoll Lashes® Lint Free Applicators
Saturate two applicators with Primer and clean lashes front & back. Saturate one applicator to apply coating sealant.
Shipping & Handling
Real-Eyez Beauty Group ships to the Continental U.S., Alaska, Hawaii, U.S. Territories, Canada, The United Kingdom, PO Boxes and APO/FPO addresses
FREE Shipping Promotions
- Orders qualifying for FREE or discounted shipping promotions are shipped via our Standard service only and cannot be combined with any other discount.
- FREE or discounted shipping is available in the Continental U.S. only and excludes Alaska, Hawaii, U.S. Territories, PO Boxes, APO/FPO addresses, and over-sized packages.
Domestic Shipping Methods, Costs, and Delivery Times
Shipping Method |
Shipping and Handling Cost |
Total Delivery Time |
USPS First Class Package |
$9.00 |
Estimated Delivery Date: |
UPS Next Day Air |
$50.00 |
Estimated Delivery Date: |
International Shipping Methods, Costs, and Delivery Times
Shipping Method |
Shipping and Handling Cost |
Total Delivery Time |
UPS Worldwide |
$60.00 |
Estimated Delivery Date: |
Total delivery time includes processing and carrier transit time. The Company is not liable for delays in shipping due to inclement weather, or any other unforeseen reason.
- We are committed to ensuring you receive your package in a timely efficient matter. Working with USPS and UPS we can ensure that your package arrives in a timely manner.
- USPS and UPS deliver Monday -Saturday. We will provide you with tracking and the estimated delivery date.
- This shipping method is the only shipping method available for shipments to U.S. Territories, PO Boxes and APO/FPO addresses.
Expedited and Premium
This shipping method is available for shipments to Continental U.S., Alaska and Hawaii addresses only.
Our Processing Time
All orders received are processed Tuesday – Friday during company hours of operation. Please allow up to 48 hours for your order to ship upon placement.
Orders received and processed within this window, on or before 12 PM CST will ship within 48 hours. Priority and First Class orders may take up to seven (7) business days to arrive depending on your postal code. Handling and delivery for International orders may take up to 14 business days.
Same Day Shipping
Overnight orders received Monday– Friday by 12 PM CST will be processed the same day. If an Overnight order is placed after 12 PM CST, your order will be processed the following business day. The Company is not liable for delays in shipping due to inclement weather, or any other unforeseen reason. Exceptions may apply: In certain zip codes (mostly rural) Overnight Express may require an additional shipping day. Please check with your local post office to determine if you live a 2-day zone.
Signature Policy
Real Eyez Beauty the Company does not require a signature for delivery of orders in most cases but reserves the right to do so. Once the delivery of an order is confirmed by the carrier, then the Company is no longer liable for the order. The Company is not responsible for any loss or damage to orders that may occur while they are in the custody of the carrier.
Shipping Restrictions
Not all Shipping Methods are available for all shipping addresses.
All orders containing Hazardous Materials have restrictions.
Hazardous Materials
Certain items in your order may be considered Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT). Hazardous Materials are as follows: aerosol items, some alcohol-based items, items that contain contents under pressure, and others (e.g., hairspray, nail polish and items containing flammable, volatile or corrosive chemicals).
The U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) requires ground-only shipment of Hazardous Materials due to air shipment restrictions and regulations. Therefore, these items cannot be shipped to all addresses.
All orders containing Hazardous Materials must be shipped via Standard and cannot be shipped via Expedited or Premium. All orders containing Hazardous Materials can only be shipped to addresses within the Continental U.S. and cannot be shipped to Alaska, Hawaii, U.S. Territories, PO Boxes or APO/ FPO addresses.
Thank you for shopping with us!


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A recent directive issued by the U.S. Navy was transmitted in the customary format, using all uppercase letters. Sailors, it said, are:
It marks the end of an era for the Navy (and the Marines). Since the early days of Morse code, which doesn't distinguish between uppercase and lowercase letters, the Navy has been using the all-capital format. Then, teletype machines came along in the 1850s, and they "were made up of only three rows of keys and did not allow for lowercase letters," according to The Military Times, which notes:
"While it might have been necessary to transmit all uppercase messages in the past, it's arguably a hindrance today. A typography study from the 1950s at the University of Minnesota showed reading speeds slowed by about 14 percent when reading all-caps messages over a 20-minute period."
So, it's faster. But it turns out to be cheaper, too. In an age of cost-cutting and sequestration:
"The Navy gains significant cost efficiencies by eliminating the current Defense Message System (DMS) infrastructure and simply using the existing email infrastructure for final delivery," says James McCarty, the naval messaging program manager at U.S. Fleet Cyber Command. "By utilizing this methodology we will be able to send messages at 10 percent of the cost and size of current systems."
According to McCarty: "Lowercase messages are here to stay; they provide a more readable format, which can be delivered to and shared on any of the current Web 3.0 technologies (chat, portals, wikis, blogs, etc.)."
There's one more reason for the change: Many young sailors were apparently uncomfortable with using all uppercase letters, something that is today often interpreted in email and social media as SHOUTING.
"If an ancillary benefit is that sailors reading message traffic no longer feel they're being screamed at ... that is a good thing, too," a Navy official told The Wall Street Journal.
But McCarty acknowledges that change might not prove so easy for everyone.
"Some of the fleets were stuck in their ways and really wanted to keep the all caps," he said. "But it was inevitable. It had to happen."
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Latest Bayer Identity Net Topics
1 - 8of about 42 News
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Health for all, Hunger for none
If you have any suggestions or questions on how we can improve this site for you, you can leave a message above or send an email to:
Unleashing our brand's full potential takes a consistently applied visual, verbal, sonic, and spatial stakeholder experience. Discover how you can bring the Bayer brand to life with our holistic brand identity.
Welcome to our Brand Academy.
This is a place where you'll find educational content on how to increase the value of our brand.


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Go To
Help & Resources
About SignUp.com
At SignUp.com, we believe that when people get together, great things happen. That's why parents and teachers, business and community leaders, and friends and coworkers trust our coordination resources and applications to save time and achieve remarkable outcomes. Our simple, intuitive SignUp sheets and scheduling tools make it easy for people to join together and say YES to pitching in, signing up, and helping out. No waiting for approvals and passwords, no software to install—just free, easy scheduling and SignUp tools for everyday heroes. Use SignUp.com for anything including school activities, potlucks, service projects, carnivals and walk-a-thons, class parties, teacher appreciation events, swim meets, tournaments, charity races, office hours, car pool, parent-teacher conference SignUps and more. Automatic reminders help participants keep their commitments, and easy online calendar editing, reporting and messaging saves time and energy, so everyone can do more GOOD!
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Hilarion (Kapral) of New York
This article forms part of the series Orthodoxy in America | |
History | |
American Orthodox Timeline American Orthodox Bibliography Byzantines on OCA autocephaly Ligonier Meeting ROCOR and OCA | |
People | |
Saints - Bishops - Writers | |
Jurisdictions | |
Antiochian - Bulgarian OCA - Romanian - Moscow ROCOR - Serbian Ecumenical Patriarchate: | |
Monasteries | |
Seminaries | |
Christ the Saviour Holy Cross Holy Trinity St. Herman's |
St. Tikhon's St. Sava's St. Sophia's St. Vladimir's |
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Assembly of Bishops AOI - EOCS - IOCC - OCEC OCF - OCL - OCMC - OCPM - OCLife OISM - OTSA - SCOBA - SOCHA | |
Groups | |
Amer. Orthodox Catholic Church Brotherhood of St. Moses the Black Evangelical Orthodox Church Holy Order of MANS/CSB Society of Clerks Secular of St. Basil | |
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Metropolitan Hilarion (Kapral) of Eastern America and New York was First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia (ROCOR) from 2008 until his repose on May 16, 2022. Hilarion was formally enthroned on May 18, 2008. He was also the ruling bishop of the Diocese of Australia and New Zealand.
Metropolitan Hilarion's parents – his father Alexei Kapral, and his mother, Euphrosynia (nee Kasyaniuk) – were from the village of Obenizha in Volyhn. In 1929, during the Polish occupation, the local populace was persecuted and oppressed by Poles attempting to turn Western Ukraine into a Polish province. Thus, the 19-year-old Alexei and his young wife decided to emigrate to Canada. At the time, the Canadian government afforded immigrants the opportunity to obtain large tracts of land in Western Canada; it was there that the young family settled. Upon their arrival in the province of Alberta, the Kapral family received 160 acres of untilled land, as well as $100 in cash, a hammer, and an axe, with which to build themselves a home. In the developing Spirit River region, there were some 200 Ukrainians, and in view of the oncoming cold, they quickly built themselves houses. The great economic crisis of 1929-1930 affected the settlers as well, making an already hard life even more difficult. To find work, Alexei Kapral had to travel far from home, and he earned but 25 cents per day. Nonetheless, the family grew ever larger – five boys and two girls filled the house with children's voices, speaking Ukrainian at home, but the children had English as their first language. Their parents also spoke Russian and Polish.
Early Life
The youngest member of the family was Igor, the future Metropolitan Hilarion. He was born on January 6, 1948, in Spirit River, and spent his childhood in the country. He had to walk 2.5 miles to school every day, and describes his childhood as "pleasant...absolutely free of any harmful influences"[1]. Later he transferred to another school in Blueberry Creek, but returned to finish high school.
From his youth, Igor felt drawn to the Church, and loved to read books and periodicals on religion and morals. From a young age, around 6 or 7, he knew that he wanted to become a priest. He went to Holy Trinity Church in Spirit River, part of ROCOR and composed of ethnic Ukrainians. Services were held monthly or bi-monthly, and often Archbishop Panteleimon would celebrate these services. Abp Panteleimon was revered by Igor, and he was told by Abp Panteleimon that "someday you will be a priest"[2].
In 1966, he found a spiritual director, Right Reverend Sava (Saračević), Bishop of Edmonton, a serbian who greatly revered our Holy Hierarch St. John (Maximovitch).
Seminary and the Priesthood
In 1967, when Igor Kapral was 19 years old, he entered the Holy Trinity Theological Seminary in Jordanville, NY, USA, under the advice of Bishop Sava of Edmondton. While here, he was able to learn Russian, as well as sing on the kliros and serve in the altar, learning the order of divine services.
From his second year at seminary, Igor was tasked with typesetting "Orthodox Life" in English, under the editorship of Archimandrite Constantine (Zaitsev); Igor soon succeeded him as editor. After some time, Hieromonk Ignaty (who was in charge of the printery) asked him to do the Russian typesetting as well. He became editor-in-chief in 1975 on the repose of Archim. Constantine, and began teaching at the seminary.
On graduating from the Seminary in 1972, Igor entered the Holy Trinity Monastery, becoming a novice (poslushnik) in 1973. On December 2, 1974 he was tonsured a rassaphore monk with the name Hilarion, in honor of Venerable Schema-monk Hilarion of the Kiev Caves, the famous Metropolitan of Kiev. On December 4, 1975, Archbishop Averky (Taushev, +1976), for whom the future Vladyka served as a cell-attendant, ordained him a hierodeacon.
As part of Bishop Laurus' push to elevate the quality of Russian language and literature instruction at Holy Trinity Seminary, he was selected to study a Master's degree in Slavic Studies and Russian Literature. He graduated in 1976, the same year that Bishop Laurus of Manhattan ordained him a hieromonk.
Fr Hilarion served as a priestmonk at the monastery, continuing his work at the printing press. He was often sent to parishes, replacing absent priests, often traveling to Cleveland and Pennsylvania.
This article forms part of the series Orthodoxy in Australasia | |
History | |
Orthodoxy in Australia Timeline Orthodoxy in New Zealand Timeline Antiochian Orthodox Gk Orthodox Archd. of ANZ | |
Jurisdictions | |
GOA Aus - Abp Makarios Antiochian - Metr. Basilios ROCOR - Bp George Serbian - Bp Siluan Romanian - Bp Michael GOM NZ - Met Myron | |
Pan-Orthodox Synaxes | |
Episcopal Assembly of Oceania SCCOCA | |
Institutions | |
Antiochian Orthodox Greek Orthodox (Aus) | |
Notable Monasteries | |
Complete List | |
St Anna Holy Cross Gorgoepikoos O.L. of Kazan Presentation |
Proph. Elias St John Mtn Pantanassa St Sava (Elaine) Transfiguration Archangels, NZ |
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Fr Hilarion was approved by the Bishop's Sobor meeting at Mansonville, Quebec in 1983, and Metropolitan Philaret (Voznesensky) suggested that he be appointed Bishop of Manhattan, a vicar bishop of the Diocese of New York and Eastern America. On 10 December 1984, at the young age of 36, Fr Hilarion was consecrated a bishop by Metropolitan Philaret of New York and nine other bishops (Abps Seraphim, Antony, Vitaly, Laurus, Paul, and Bps Gregory, Mark, Alypy) at the Synodal Cathedral in New York City. He was appointed to the see of Manhattan and charged with overseeing the parishes in Pennsylvania and the Eastern American diocese. In 1987, he was named deputy secretary for the Synod of Bishops. In 1995, Bishop Hilarion was transferred to the See of Washington while retaining his residence in New York. During his time as Vicar of the Eastern American Diocese, he was noted for frequent visits to parishes and accessibility to the faithful.
The Diocese of Australia and New Zealand was experiencing turmoil, and had not had a ruling bishop for five years; hence in June 1996, recognising his pastoral gifts, he was transferred to the Diocese of Australia and New Zealand (which was experiencing some problems at that stage) and raised to the rank of archbishop. Abp Hilarion set establishing the Property Trust as an Act of the New South Wales Parliament, and then rectifying the shortage of priests and beginning missionary work, generally strengthening the diocese and its church life. In 2003 he was awarded the honour of wearing a diamond cross on his klobuk. He continued his accessibility to the faithful in his new diocese, including missions in Korea, China and Indonesia. He was the first hierarch of ROCOR to visit China since St John of Shanghai and San Francisco's departure after World War II.
Upon Metr. Laurus's death, Abp. Hilarion was appointed as the temporary head of the ROCOR Synod. To his dismay, on May 12, 2008, Archbishop Hilarion was elected and elevated as the new Metropolitan of ROCOR, having received all but one vote (his own). As First Hierarch, he convenes meetings of the synod (3-4 times each year), meetings of the Council of Bishops, and represents the ROCOR at the Moscow Patriarchate when bishops convene there. In addition, he remains ruling bishop of the diocese of Australia and New Zealand, in addition to also being ruling bishop of the Eastern American diocese.
On the December 10, 2009 Metropolitan Hilarion marked 25 years since the date of consecration as a bishop. The festivities took place in the Diocese of Australia and New Zealand. Vladyka Hilarion, notably, is presiding over a period where unity with the Church of Russia is smooth and without inequality, and divisiveness has died down in ROCOR.
On May 16th, 2022 at the age of 74, Hilarion fell asleep in the Lord after various health struggles.
Hilarion (Kapral) of New York | ||
Preceded by: Gregory (Grabbe) |
Bishop of Manhattan (ROCOR) 1984-1995 |
Succeeded by: Gabriel (Chemodakov)
Preceded by: Gregory (Grabbe) |
Bishop of Washington (ROCOR) 1995-1996 |
Succeeded by: —
Preceded by: Paul (Pavlov) |
Archbishop of Sydney, Australia and New Zealand (ROCOR) 1996-2022 |
Succeeded by: George (Schaefer)
Preceded by: Laurus (Škurla) |
Metropolitan of Eastern America and New York (ROCOR) 2008-2022 |
Succeeded by: Nicholas (Olhovsky)
Preceded by: Laurus (Škurla) |
First Hierarch of ROCOR 2008-2022 |
Succeeded by: Nicholas (Olhovsky) |
External links
- Archbishop Hilarion Is Elected First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR site)
- Official biography from the ROCOR Australia and New Zealand website
- Photo Report of Enthronement, May 18, 2008
Categories > Church History
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Categories > OrthodoxWiki > Articles in a series
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Categories > People > Clergy > Bishops > Bishops by century > 20th-21st-century bishops
Categories > People > Clergy > Bishops > Bishops by city > Bishops of Manhattan
Categories > People > Clergy > Bishops > Bishops by city > Bishops of New York
Categories > People > Clergy > Bishops > Bishops by city > Bishops of Sydney
Categories > People > Clergy > Bishops > Bishops by city > Bishops of Washington
Categories > People > Clergy > Bishops > First Hierarchs of the ROCOR
Categories > Places > Orthodoxy by country > Orthodoxy in America
Categories > Places > Orthodoxy by country > Orthodoxy in Australia
Categories > Places > Orthodoxy by country > Orthodoxy in New Zealand


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An accessory cloud is a cloud accompanying or adjacent cloud mass to another cloud, generally smaller than the latter, and separated from its principal part, usually a major cloud genus (or type) or sometimes partially merged with it. A specific cloud may be accompanied by one or several accessory clouds. Accessory clouds are:
arcus (arc) - arch, shelf, roll or
wall cloud
incus (inc) - anvil
mamma (mam) - pouches hanging from underneath main clouds
pannus (pan) - ragged shreds of cloud
pileus (pil) - cap cloud
praecipitatio (pra) - fall, precipitation reaching the surface, usually in the distance
tuba (tub) - funnel clouds
velum (vel) - thin layer of veil
virga (vir) - fallstreaks, trailing to the ground
and last but not least the
banner cloud
Related features:
Cap cloud
Cloud classification
Cloud types (genera)
Cloud variety
Clouds - sentry of the sky


text: Hot Air Balloon is the oldest mode of flight transportation known to man and unlike other forms of flight technology that take you from point A to point B, it brings a sense of romance and adventure to its passengers. The first hot air balloon flight took place at the end of 18th century in Europe and since it's been featured in many annual festivals, siestas and races. Today, you can also feel part of such a festival with your very own hot air balloon carrying your special custom message on it. For this effect, you can add your own message and choose the colour of the balloon.


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Mobic is used for treating rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and juvenile arthritis. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Mobic is an NSAID. NSAIDs treat the symptoms of pain and inflammation. They do not treat the disease that causes those symptoms.
Use Mobic as directed by your doctor! Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
- Take Mobic by mouth. It may be taken with food if it upsets your stomach. Taking it with food may not lower the risk of stomach or bowel problems (eg, bleeding, ulcers). Talk with your doctor or pharmacist if you have persistent stomach upset.
- Take Mobic with a full glass of water (8 oz/240 mL) as directed by your doctor.
- If you take cholestyramine, ask your doctor or pharmacist how to take it with Mobic .
- If you miss a dose of Mobic , take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Mobic .
Store Mobic at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). Brief storage at temperatures between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) is permitted. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Mobic out of the reach of children.
Active Ingredient: Meloxicam.


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Portachiavi Scacciapensieri
Portachiavi in ottone con pendenti portafortuna corno, stella, quadrifoglio, coccinella
What are the payment methods?
On our site you can pay using the following methods: - PayPal - Credit Card For more information on payment methods, please view the information page Terms and Conditions
What are the delivery times?
For each purchase made, the goods will be shipped, via GLS or DHL, within seven days. Each jewel is made entirely by hand and needs its processing times to be customized according to the customer's choices.
Can I pay with a prepaid card?
Sure. Payment can be made via the Paypal and Stripe circuit which allows you to purchase free of charge and securely either by credit card (Visa, Visa Electron, MasterCard) or by prepaid card.
More information
Each bijoux is an artisanal product conceived and made in Italy . Each bijoux is customizable in color, length and finish.Our production starts when you order . Attention to detail is our strength!
Care of materials
This product has been made with carefully selected materials. To preserve it in the best possible way we recommend: - Avoid contact with oily substances, perfumes and make-up - Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sources of light, heat and humidity - Avoid contact with water It is advisable to store the product individually in the packaging supplied.We are always at your disposal for any need


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Genuine Mazda Part
Genuine Mazda replacement front bumper reinforcer.
Fits all Mk2.5 models, 2000>2005
We understand that its really important for you to receive your goods in a timely fashion and for a competitive price. To ensure that we can deliver this we have developed a strategic partnership with both the Royal Mail and our courier partner, Think Worldwide.
At the present time, we only offer one delivery option 'our carrier'. We will dispatch your goods with the most suitable carrier, for main land UK deliveries this is normally Royal Mail 1st class for packages weighing under 2kg and Think Worldwide for those that are over.
Our delivery charges are based on the weight of the consignment and the destination address. For UK mainland deliveries they start at £2.95 for a package weighing under 200g and rise to a MAXIMUM of £9.95 for a package weighing 2kg or over (EXCEPT very large bulky items that have an additional shipping surcharge added). The exact delivery cost will be clearly displayed at checkout.
Delivery times are estimated at 1-3 working days by Royal Mail, and 1-2 working days by Think Worldwide for mainland UK addresses. If you order before 3pm, Monday to Friday, we will dispatch the same day. If you order after 3pm, we will try to dispatch the same day, but if we cant it will be the next working day. Items ordered after 3pm Friday or over a weekend will be dispatched Monday. Items dispatched on Friday are for delivery the following week. Items ordered over a Bank Holiday will be dispatched the next working day. MX5parts is constantly updated to keep pace with changes in our stock but demand is high and we occasionally run out of popular items. If we have run out of stock and can't dispatch your order the next working day, we'll email or phone you with a revised dispatch date. You can then either accept the revised dispatch date or cancel the order, as you wish. Please note, shipping times are an estimate, and can not be guaranteed. Please note that during special offer periods, dispatch of your order may be delayed slightly due to high a volume of orders.
A signature is required for ALL orders delivered by Think Worldwide. Someone must be at your delivery address to sign for your parcel between 8am and 6pm on a working day. Please send it somewhere it can be reliably signed for, like your place of work, a neighbour, or perhaps your grans. We can (but we don't like to) ask the courier to leave your parcel without a signature. If we do this, it will be YOUR responsibility if the parcel is lost or damaged. If you want it left, you need to give us your express instructions in the 'additional information' box at the end of the checkout process. It would be helpful if you could also indicate exactly where the package should be left.
If you need to change your delivery address, for any packages that have been dispatched with Think Worldwide, there will be an additional charge of £9.95 if the package has already been dispatched.
Please remember, even with Royal Mail deliveries, that any items which are too large to fit through your letter box will need someone to be available to receive the delivery. If the item cannot be delivered, you will be carded and given the option of either a re-delivery or you can collect your parcel from your local post office depot.
Orders sent to countries outside the UK will be sent VAT free, however please note that on all international shipments, the recipient is responsible for any local VAT, import duty and other clearance fees that may be charged.
For further information please email: email@example.com
We NOW deliver to the following countries:
AnguillaAntiguaArgentinaArubaAustraliaAustriaAzoresBahamasBahrainBaleares, SpainBarbadosBelgiumBermudaBrazilBritish Virgin IslandsBruneiBurkina FasoCanadaCanary IslandsCayman IslandsChannel IslandsChileChinaColombiaCosta RicaCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkDominicaDominican RepublicEcuadorEgyptEl SalvadorEstoniaFijiFinlandFrance (Mainland Only)French GuianaGibraltarGreeceGreenlandGrenadaGuadeloupeGuamGuatemalaGuyanaHaitiHondurasHong KongHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIrelandItalyJamaicaJapanJordanKuwaitLativiaLithuaniaLuxembourgMadagascarMalaysiaMaldivesMaltaMarshall IslandsMartiniqueMauritiusMexicoMonacoMoroccoNamibiaNepalNetherlandsNew CaledoniaNew ZealandNorwayOmanPanamaPapua New GuineaParaguayPeruPhilippinesPolandPortugal (Mainland Only)Puerto RicoQatarReunionSaint Vincent And The GrenadinesSan MarinoSaudi ArabiaSenagalSingaporeSlovakiaSloveniaSouth AfricaSpain (Mainland Only)Sri LankaSt LuciaSurinameSwedenSwitzerlandSyrian Arab RepublicTaiwan, Province of ChinaThailandTrinidad And TobagoTunisiaTurkeyUnited Arab EmiratesUnited KingdomUnited StatesUruguayVenezuelaVietnam
We are an independant, family company, run by a dedicated team. We aim to be the kind of company that we'd like to deal with if we were you. You have our absolute commitment as fellow MX-5 owners, car nuts, internet users and hard-working people that you'll be satisfied with mx5parts. If you're not, let us know and we'll sort it out!
MX5parts maintains an everyday savings pricing policy. We watch other retailers closely and maintain competitive pricing. The internet being the beast it is means that any Tom, Dick or Henrietta can set up a website in their back room and charge bargain basement/off the back of a lorry (guv) prices. Often they will have no stock, no returns policy, questionable security, no guarantees and of course poor customer service. MX5parts strives to be open and honest, so we will never inflate our prices to set up an artificial 'sale' (a common – and illegal – retail practice).
It is inevitable in an open market like the internet that there will be some individuals selling some items cheaper than we do, and some selling them for more than we do, just as in the high street. We take great pride in offering a fast, efficient, friendly and secure shopping experience, with great products at fair prices. We encourage our customers to shop around, but are very pleased to welcome them back again and again.
If you order before 3pm, Monday to Friday and we have your items in stock , we'll despatch the same day . If you order after 3pm, we'll still try to despatch that day but, if we can't, we'll despatch the following day. Items ordered after 3pm Friday or over a weekend will be despatched Monday. Items despatched on Friday are for delivery the following week. Items ordered over a Bank Holiday will be despatched the next working day. MX5parts is constantly updated to keep pace with changes in our stock but demand is high and we occasionally run out of popular items. If we have run out of stock and can't despatch your order the next working day, we'll email or phone you with a revised despatch date. You can then either accept the revised dispatch date or cancel the order, as you wish. Please note that during special offer periods, dispatch of your order may be delayed slightly due to high a volume of orders.
We guarantee to accept back any goods that you do not want, are not suitable, have changed your mind about, infact, for ANY reason, provided the goods reach us within 30 days of dispatch from us, in their original condition and packaging. Please tell us why you are returning the items, just for our records. The original purchase price of the goods will be refunded on to the card that was used for their purchase. Sorry, but we can not refund the carriage costs.
Just contact us if you have any problems with an order from mx5parts. We'll tell you exactly what steps we're going to take to rectify the problem.
Just contact us if you have a warranty problem. All goods supplied by mx5parts are from official sources and are covered by the normal manufacturers warranty.
This is your right under UK law and, if we do anything else, it's illegal!
(Please note: This doesn't apply however if you have chosen to pay via PayPal. Due to the way PayPal works, you are effectively sending the money to us rather than us asking for it so in this instance we will have received payment at the time the order was placed and not when it is ready for dispatch).
Absolutely not. All your details are treated as strictly confidential. We're internet users, too, and we know how annoying unsolicited email can be. We wouldn't risk annoying you by being the cause of it.
Our website uses the very latest secure server hardware and software, and is certified secure by COMODOs hackerguardian facility ensuring we are continuously PCI DSS Compliant.


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Does your book deserve the attentions of a professional copy editor?
Writers Services offers a full range of editorial services.
Home Newsletter What's involved? Glossary & Acronyms Some WPS titles Worldwide distribution |
You are off to a very good marketing start with WPS as we link all our titles into Amazon and several of the biggest book distributors so your book can be ordered, delivered and the money collected worldwide. |
Choose WPS as your publishing partner.
We operate from the UK and under the financial rules and regulations of the UK


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Posted Unicorn Hunting 3color
Cotton Drawstring Bag
Color: navy
normal fit
Cotton Drawstring Bag is in stock. We will print it as soon as you order it.
Delivery time: 7/31/24 - 8/2/24 (Standard)
Cotton Drawstring Bag | Brand: Q-Tees | Fabric content: 100% cotton
More products
Product Details
Looking for a place to store your belongings? Sick of lugging around that bulky bookbag? Then opt for the cotton drawstring bag, which is light, convenient, and versatile. It's the perfect option for a short vacation or the commute to work.
- Brand: Q-Tees
- Fabric weight: 6 oz (midweight)
- Material: 100% cotton
- Drawcord cinch rope closure
- Imported product, printed & processed in the USA
Product dimensions measured on a flatly laid out product.
A (inch)
B (inch)
Tip: measure an item of clothing at hand to compare.
Posted Unicorn Hunting 3color
Posted: No Unicorn Hunting. Black silhouette of unicorn head with red "no" circle and slash, with the words "POSTED" and "NO UNICORN HUNTING" above the prohibited symbol.


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20+ Years Experience
Specialist Fire Risk Assessment
Taking the right fire safety measures is an important part of owning a property, whether it is a residential home or a business premises.
Full fire risk assessment in Shipley can be a complex task, focused on identifying fire hazards and fire safety risk issues in places that you may otherwise never look.
This means that most fire safety risk assessment tasks need to be carried out by somebody with experience in that field, as well as relevant safety training.
We provide our customers with daily thorough fire risk assessment inspections across dozens of properties and company premises.
Our well-trained and professional Shipley staff are fully qualified and have complete insurance coverage, making each one a qualified fire risk assessor for a variety of different property types.
Every property should be inspected by a professional company or a single expert, and our team can make that possible. We perform fire risk assessments as soon as you book our services, giving you an immediate breakdown of current fire safety hazards.
We are accredited fire risk assessment specialists, made up of a team of experts that are well-versed in fire safety.
We have a variety of certifications, including those from notable organisations like CHAS and Constructionline, as well as over 10 years of experience when it comes to fire safety measures and risk assessment.
Our pricing in Shipley is competitive, and we do our best to make our fire safety risk assessment services affordable.
Compared to other outside contractors, our expert team can inspect anything from a small premises to a large office block at an affordable price point, offering an individual review for each building covered.
A fire risk assessment is a full inspection of a property to identify fire hazards, inspect fire safety systems, point out fire risk factors, evaluate fire safety plans, and look into important design elements such as escape routes.
Full fire risk assessments in Shipley are meant to help you build a fire safety action plan, giving you a full overview of the fire risk factors within your premises.
From there, a resident (or the property/business owner) can work with us to employ new fire safety measures.
A valid fire risk assessment is incredibly important. Making sure that your building's fire risk factors and escape routes are reviewed regularly allows for proper responses during a fire and rescue situation, especially when dangerous substances or combustible materials are involved.
Without a Shipley fire risk assessment, proper fire safety precautions can't be taken.
Even a basic risk assessment is adequate means to make significant changes to your premises or put specific guidelines into place for emergencies.
A fire risk assessment needs to be performed on a regular basis. This means a new assessment:
These rules ensure that you can identify any significant findings and prepare for any new fire risk that might arise as a result of these changes. If you make any significant change to your property, it is important to carry out a fire risk assessment alongside it.
By law, the building's Responsible Person needs to handle risk assessment work. This Responsible Person is involved in fire risk and fire safety tasks and has to handle key areas of overall safety on their premises.
This person is usually the premises or business owner, although it could be somebody else who is nominated for being fully versed in fire safety. Their job is to handle the written record of past assessments in Shipley, take even the most trivial concerns into consideration, and log any significant findings during their checks.
Note that this Responsible Person is only responsible for communal areas. In a block of flats, the Responsible Person handles the shared spaces, while each resident is the Responsible Person for their own flat.
As a building occupant, you can access the fire risk assessment for the premises if you ask, usually by contacting the Responsible Person. If they cannot provide a valid assessment or are ignoring your concerns, then contacting the local fire and rescue service is a last resort – only do so if you are being ignored by your own building owners.
A fire risk assessment in West Yorkshire focuses on a lot of different factors and variables – some obvious and some not. The detailed training required to do our more in-depth assessment work means that there can be dozens of individual checks done on small parts of your property. Some of the most important factors to inspect include:
There are so many variables to consider that it would be impossible to list them all in one place.
A full fire assessment goes into more than just the fires themselves, but also the escape routes, instructions, tools and solutions implemented to keep residents safe.
While the Responsible Person mentioned earlier has the overall responsibility of handling the assessment, they can hand off the work to somebody else that they employ.
It is entirely legal to hire a third party to carry out the assessment work. Companies like ours are fully capable of taking charge of the fire assessment, making sure that the work on your premises is carried out correctly.
If you do not have a fire risk assessment document and/or have not implemented any basic fire safety measures, the penalty is generally prosecution, which can lead to severe fines.
In cases of extreme negligence, a prison sentence is the more common punishment.
Remember that this process is about keeping people safe within your Shipley property. Failing to employ even basic fire safety measures means that you are endangering people's lives.
There can be additional fines for specific issues, such as not following particular rules and regulations. General safety restrictions still apply, and anything that would endanger people on your premises can be fine-worthy.
The overall objective of an assessment is to identify fire hazards and other threats and then find ways to reduce the risks involved until they are as harmless as possible.
This process is also used to determine which fire safety order and policy changes are necessary to ensure the complete safety of the people within the property, both in terms of preventing fires from starting and reacting to fires in progress.
This includes everything from adding fire extinguishers to having ways of contacting the local fire brigade or fire rescue service as necessary. All of these checks are carried out to make sure that the property is safe and protected against unexpected fires.
While a large part of this assessment is about enforcing authority to ensure that nobody gets hurt due to negligence, another part is about identifying possible hazards in the first place. The more you understand about potential hazards on your property in Shipley, the easier it becomes to prevent them from causing any harm. These can include:
There are countless potential ways that a building can suffer a fire, and our experts can identify a lot of risks that might otherwise have gone unnoticed.
It is easy to overlook some of the most basic and least obvious reasons that a fire could break out in your property.
The managing agent or Responsible Person handling a property's fire risks needs to be performing constant monitoring.
A regulatory reform or new set of safety measures will not always matter if you can't keep track of the potential threats.
Even within a small shop in Shipley, not everyone is going to follow the same safety standards.
Rather than having to call the fire and rescue service or local fire brigade constantly, staying vigilant can make it much easier to correct your main findings on the same day they appear.
If you are looking for fire safety experts that can get all necessary checks carried out on your premises, then contact us to learn more. Whether you are part of the facilities department of a major industrial space or just a simple homeowner, we can get you the support you need to avoid potential fire hazards.
All of our expert staff have been trained to understand relevant laws and regulations regarding fires, from the most basic of details to specific laws like the Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations. We can provide reports in both a purely-word format and a much more in-depth breakdown of the issues with your current fire prevention methods, making sure that you can improve any elements that are no longer valid in their current state.
Get in touch and contact our specialists in Shipley if you want to know more. The sooner you talk with us, the sooner we can arrange full assessments of your fire risks and prevention methods. Do not hesitate to let us know what you need.
Make sure you contact us today for a number of great fire risk assessment services in Yorkshire and the Humber.
Here are some towns we cover near Shipley.
Baildon, Bingley, Bradford, Yeadon, PudseyWe absolutely love the service provided. Their approach is really friendly but professional. We went out to five different companies and found UK Fire Risk Assessment to be value for money and their service was by far the best. Thank you for your really awesome work, we will definitely be returning!
Leo WardWe have used UK Fire Risk Assessment for many years as they are certainly the best in the UK. The attention to detail and professional setup is what makes this company our go-to company for all our work. I highly recommend the team for the immense work - we highly recommend them!
Toby CampbellFor more information on fire risk assessments in Shipley, fill in the contact form below to receive a free quote today.
We Aim To Reply To All Enquiries With-in 24-Hours


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Student Affairs
Welcome to the Division of Student Affairs website. Whatever your interest, we hope you connect to the resources and assistance you may need. If you are a student, we want you to know from the first day you meet with our campus recruiters, to the moment you turn your tassel at commencement, our staff members continue to provide programs, learning opportunities and services that help you get the most out of your college experience. The Division of Student Affairs is made up of dedicated staff and student workers who are committed to providing quality support that enables student success. You will find a number of departments within our division, each with a unique way of supporting students.
On today's college campuses, students face a host of new and complex challenges in attaining their college degree goals and achieving personal satisfaction. At CSUN, we recognize how deeply important it is to work with students in a holistic way. The Division of Student Affairs constantly works to strengthen collaborations with academic departments and faculty in order to align and reinforce the curricular and co-curricular experiences of our students. We encourage faculty and staff to use the resources available on this website, and we invite feedback about areas where more assistance is desired. Similarly, we are pleased to use this website as a place where parents and family members can learn more about the CSUN student experience and become informed partners in helping their student become successful.
Feel free to contact us for further assistance.


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Estimated Delivery Date Setup
Composition:Beige and ebony GG Supreme canvas
Designer ID:74630896IWT8745
Dimension:20 x 12.5 x 9 cm
- Brown leather trim
- Gold-toned hardware
- Green and red Web
- Moiré and cotton linen lining
- Double G
- Detachable canvas shoulder strap
- Zip closure
Once we recieved your order, items will immediately be prepared and handed to the courier.
Each delivery usually takes between 7-10 business days.
Once your order is shipped, you will receive an email with shipping tracking link so that you can follow your shipment constantly.
We do not accept returns unless the product is defective or fulfillment error (including but not limited to wrong size, wrong color, wrong style of the Products). If the return is caused by product defect or fulfillment error, we will bear the full cost of the return, including transport and re-importation tax (if any)
However, You have a 24-hour cooling-off period starting from the point of purchase to cancel the order. Please note if your order has already been prepared, we can't cancel your order.


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In this section
Hematology and blood disorders
- Overview of blood and blood components
- Blood donations and blood banking
- Blood transfusions
- Blood disorders
- Anemia in children
- Aplastic anemia
- Hemolytic anemia
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Megaloblastic pernicious anemia
- Sickle cell disease
- Thalassemia
- Bone marrow failure
- Bone marrow transplantation
- Hematologic malignancies
- Inherited marrow failure
- Leukemia
- Nonmalignant disorders
Sickle cell disease
What is sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder characterized by defective hemoglobin (a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the tissues of the body).
Sickle cell disease involves the red blood cells, or hemoglobin and their ability to carry oxygen. Normal hemoglobin cells are smooth, round and flexible, like the letter "O," so they can move through the vessels in our bodies easily. Sickle cell hemoglobin cells are stiff and sticky and form into the shape of a sickle, or the letter "C," when they lose their oxygen. These sickle cells tend to cluster together and cannot easily move through the blood vessels. The cluster causes a blockage and stops the movement of healthy, normal oxygen-carrying blood. This blockage is what causes the painful and damaging complications of sickle cell disease.
Sickle cells only live for about 15 days, while normal hemoglobin can live up to 120 days. Also, sickle cells risk being destroyed by the spleen because of their shape and stiffness. The spleen is an organ that helps filter the blood of infections and sickled cells get stuck in this filter and die. Due to the decreased number of hemoglobin cells circulating in the body, a person with sickle cell disease is chronically anemic. The spleen also suffers damage from the sickled cells blocking healthy oxygen carrying cells. Without a normal functioning spleen, these individuals are more at risk for infections. Infants and young children are at risk for life-threatening infections.
The most common variations of the sickle cell gene are:
- Sickle cell trait - The child is carrying the defective gene, HbS, but also has some normal hemoglobin, HbA. This is referred to as HbAS. Children with sickle cell trait are usually without symptoms of the disease. Mild anemia may occur. Under intense stressful conditions, exhaustion, hypoxia (low oxygen), and/or severe infection, the sickling of the defective hemoglobin may occur and result in some complications associated with the sickle cell disease.
- Sickle cell anemia - The child has most or all of the normal hemoglobin (HbA) replaced with the sickle hemoglobin (HbS). This is referred to as HbSS. It is the most common and most severe form of the sickle cell variations. These children suffer from a variety of complications due to the shape and thickness of the sickled cells. Severe and chronic anemia is also a common characteristic for children with HbSS.
- Sickle cell - hemoglobin C disease - The child has both HbS and HbC. This is often referred to as HbSC. Hemoglobin C causes red blood cells, called target cells, to develop. Having just some hemoglobin C and normal hemoglobin, a person will not have any symptoms of anemia. However, if the sickle hemoglobin S is combined with the target cell, some mild to moderate anemia may occur. These children often suffer some of the complications associated with HbSS, sickle cell disease, but to a milder degree. Vasoocclusive crises (the flow of blood is blocked because the sickled cells have become stuck in the blood vessels), organ damage from repeated sickling and anemia, and high risk for infection are all similar traits for HbSS and HbSC.
- Sickle cell - hemoglobin E disease - This variation is similar to sickle cell-C disease except that an element has been replaced in the hemoglobin molecule. This variation is often also seen in Southeast Asia populations. Some children with hemoglobin E disease are without symptoms. However, under certain conditions, such as exhaustion, hypoxia, severe infection, and/or iron deficiency, some mild to moderate anemia may occur.
- Hemoglobin S-beta-thalassemia - This involves an inheritance of both the thalassemia and sickle cell genes. The disorder produces symptoms of moderate anemia and many of the same conditions associated with sickle cell disease to a milder degree.
All forms of sickle cell disease can exhibit the complications associated with the disease. Children with HbSS, however, are the most severely affected.
Who is affected by sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease primarily affects those of African descent and Hispanics of Caribbean ancestry, but the trait has also been found in those with Middle Eastern, Indian, Latin American, Native American and Mediterranean heritage.
It has been estimated that over 72,000 people in the US are affected by the disease. Millions worldwide suffer complications from sickle cell disease. It is present in one in every 500 African-American births. Two million African-Americans, or one in 12, have the sickle cell trait.
What causes sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell is an inherited disease caused by a genetic mutation. Genes are found on structures in the cells of our body called "chromosomes." There are normally 46 total, or 23 pairs, of chromosomes in each cell of our body. The 11th pair of chromosomes contains a gene responsible for normal hemoglobin production.
A mutation or error in this gene is what causes sickle cell disease. This mutation is thought to have originated in areas of the world where malaria was common, since people with sickle trait do not get malaria. The sickle trait actually protects them from the parasite that causes malaria, which is carried by mosquitoes. Malaria is most often seen in Africa and in the Mediterranean area of Europe.
Sickle cell (HbSS) is a genetic disease. A person will be born with sickle cell disease only if two HbS genes are inherited - one from the mother and one from the father. A person who has only one HbS gene is healthy and said to be a "carrier" of the disease. They may also be described as having "sickle cell trait." A carrier has an increased chance to have a child with sickle cell disease. This type of inheritance is called "autosomal recessive."
"Autosomal" means that the gene is on one of the first 22 pairs of chromosomes that do not determine gender, so that males and females are equally affected by the disease.
"Recessive" means that two copies of the gene, one inherited from each parent, are necessary to have the condition.
Children with sickle cell disease = S S (one in four, or 25 percent)
Children who are carriers of the gene like their parents = A S S A (two in four, or 50 percent have "sickle cell trait")
Children who do not get the gene from either parent: A A (one in four, or 25 percent)
Once parents have had a child with sickle cell disease, there is a one in four, or 25 percent chance with each subsequent pregnancy, for another child to be born with sickle cell disease. This means that there is a three out of four, or 75 percent chance, for another child to not have sickle cell disease. There is a 50 percent chance that a child will be born with sickle cell trait, like the parents.
What are the symptoms of sickle cell disease?
The following is a list of symptoms and complications associated with sickle cell disease. Each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms and complications may include, but are not limited to, the following:
- Anemia - this is the most common symptom of all the sickle cell diseases. In sickle cell disease, red blood cells are produced but then become deformed into the sickle shape, which causes red blood cells to lose their oxygen carrying capacity. The body subsequently becomes dehydrated, or with a fever. This sickle shape makes the cells stiff and sticky causing them to become stuck in the vessels, destroyed by the spleen, or simply die because of their abnormal function. The decrease in red blood cells causes anemia. Severe anemia can make a child pale and tired, and makes the child's ability to carry oxygen to the tissues more difficult. Healing and normal growth and development may be delayed because of chronic anemia.
- Pain crisis, or sickle crisis - when the flow of blood is blocked to an area because the sickled cells have become stuck in the blood vessel. These are also called "vasoocclusive crises." The pain can occur anywhere, but most often occurs in the chest, arms and legs. Painful swelling of the fingers and toes, called dactylitis, can occur in infants and children under 3 years of age. Priapism is a painful sickling that occurs in the penis. Any interruption in blood flow to the body can result in pain, swelling and possible death of the surrounding tissue not receiving adequate blood and oxygen.
- Acute chest syndrome - when sickling is in the chest. This can be a life-threatening complication of sickle cell disease. It often occurs suddenly, when the body is under stress from infection, fever or dehydration. The sickled cells stick together and block the flow of oxygen in the tiny vessels in the lungs. It resembles pneumonia and can include fever, pain and a violent cough. Multiple episodes of acute chest syndrome can cause permanent lung damage.
- Splenic sequestration (pooling) - crises are a result of sickle cells pooling in the spleen. This can cause a sudden drop in hemoglobin and can be life threatening if not treated promptly. The spleen can also become enlarged and painful from the increase in blood volume. After repeated episodes of splenic sequestration, the spleen becomes scarred, and permanently damaged. Most children, by the age of 8 years old, do not have a functioning spleen either from surgical removal, or from repeated episodes of splenic sequestration. The risk of infection is a major concern of children without a functioning spleen. Infection is the major cause of death in children under the age of 5 years in this population.
- Stroke - another sudden and severe complication of children with sickle cell disease. The misshapen cells can block the major blood vessels that supply the brain with oxygen. Any interruption in the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain can result in devastating neurological impairment. Having had one stroke, a child is 60 percent more likely to have a second and third stroke.
- Jaundice, or yellowing of the skin, eyes and oral mucosa - a common sign and symptom of sickle disease. Sickle cells do not live as long as normal red blood cells and, therefore, they are dying more rapidly than the liver can filter them out. Bilirubin (which causes the yellow color) from these broken down cells builds up in the system causing jaundice.
Any and all major organs are affected by sickle cell disease. The liver, heart, kidneys, gallstone, eyes, bones, and joints can suffer damage from the abnormal function of the sickle cells and their inability to flow through the small blood vessels correctly. Problems may include the following:
- Increased infections.
- Leg ulcers.
- Bone damage.
- Early gallstones.
- Kidney damage and loss of body water in the urine.
- Eye damage.
The symptoms of sickle cell disease may resemble other blood disorders or medical problems. Always consult your child's physician for a diagnosis.
How is sickle cell disease diagnosed?
In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination, diagnostic procedures for sickle cell may include additional blood tests, a complete family history, and results of newborn screening.
Many states now perform hemoglobinopathy testing (testing babies for abnormalities of hemoglobin) as part of the newborn screening blood tests that are routinely done. "State newborn screening" refers to a test done on every baby born in every state of the country within the first few days of life, to detect serious, life-threatening diseases. State laws require that babies be tested between 2 and 7 days of age, even if the baby seems healthy and has no symptoms of health problems.
Early diagnosis is essential in providing proper preventive treatment for some of the devastating complications of the disease.
A hemoglobin electrophoresis is a blood test that can determine if the child is a carrier of a specific sickle cell trait, or has any of the diseases associated with the sickle cell gene.
Treatment for sickle cell disease
Specific treatment for sickle cell disease and its complications will be determined by your child's physician based on:
- Your child's age, overall health and medical history.
- Extent of the disease.
- Your child's tolerance for specific medications, procedures or therapies.
- Expectations for the course of the disease.
- Your opinion or preference.
Early diagnosis and prevention of complications is critical in sickle cell disease treatment.
Treatment options may include, but are not limited to, the following:
- Pain medications (for sickle cell crises).
- Drinking plenty of water daily (8 to 10 glasses) or receiving fluid intravenously (to prevent and treat pain crises).
- Blood transfusions (for anemia, and to prevent stroke; transfusions are also used to dilute the HbS with normal hemoglobin to treat chronic pain, acute chest syndrome, splenic sequestration and other emergencies.)
- Penicillin (to prevent infections).
- Folic acid (to help prevent severe anemia).
- Hydroxyurea (a medication recently developed that may help reduce the frequency of pain crises and acute chest syndrome; it may also help decrease the need for frequent blood transfusions. The long-term effects of the medication are unknown.)
- Bone marrow transplant (has been effective in curing some children with sickle cell disease; the decision to undergo this procedure is based on the severity of the disease and a suitable bone marrow donor. These decisions need to be discussed with your child's physician.)
Long-term outlook for a child with sickle cell disease
Several factors predict the long term survival of a child with this disease including the following:
- Type of disorder (whether a child has HbSS, HbSC, or other hemoglobin disorder).
- Severity of the disease.
- Frequency of complications.
- Compliance with preventive regimens.
The life expectancy has increased over the past 30 years and many individuals suffering with sickle cell disease can now live into their mid-40s and beyond. Advances in preventive care and new medications have reduced the life-threatening complications of sickle cell. However, it is still a severe, chronic and sometimes fatal disease.
Contact us
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For appointments, contact the individual programs within our MACC Fund Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders.
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It's important to know what your options are. We can provide expert opinions to verify or give more information about an initial diagnosis. Contact us today.


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