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Friday, February 24, 2012
If Christ could not sin, how was he tempted in the desert?
74 comments:
Is it a sin to desire something sinful but reject it? Is interior attraction sinful in itself even if the act is rejected?
For example, if a man were tempted to lust after a woman, but pulled his eyes away, would the desire to look at her be sinful? Or would it only be sinful if he gave in and lusted? - February 24, 2012 at 9:41 AM
- A Sinner said...
It might help to remember that "temptation" just means "testing." Jesus's will was certainly tested by the world and the devil. It was tested and found utterly impervious to the attempts to derail it. But testing something infallibly destined to succeed...is still testing it. If I'm testing a train's ability to not derail in high winds, the fact that the train is too heavy and steady to ever be tipped off the tracks by wind doesn't mean that putting it through the wind tunnel isn't still a test, or that it didn't still have to resist the force of the wind with the force of its own mass and inertia. That's still a test.
- February 24, 2012 at 9:45 AM
- Tito Edwards said...
If Satan is a fallen angel, that means he had perfect knowledge from day one. Hence he knew Jesus was unable to be tempted.
Yet, if Scripture states that Satan tempted him, that can only mean that Satan did not know that Jesus was the Son of God.
Which begs the question, that with perfect knowledge and that Jesus is infinite, ie, He was there when Satan was created, then Satan did not recognize that Jesus was the Son of God when He appeared on Earth? - February 24, 2012 at 9:53 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Most of the Church Fathers hold that Satan did not realize that Jesus was true God.
Indeed, Satan does not have perfect knowledge of all things -- he is still limited, being a creature (even if a powerful creature).
The flesh of Christ hid his divinity ... especially, because our Lord was hungry (after the 40 day fast), Satan doubted whether Jesus was truly divine.
Great question! + - February 24, 2012 at 11:41 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Interior temptations are not sins in themselves, but they are the result of sin.
That is, without original sin and concupiscence, a man would never suffer interior temptations.
This is another reason why our Lord was not tempted interiorly (in addition to being God, and possessing the beatific vision as man).
Hope it is clearer now! + - February 24, 2012 at 11:43 AM
"Further, the saints in heaven (together with the angels) cannot sin – for they enjoy the fullness of the beatific vision – and they are most certainly free. (cf. CCC 1045)"
Does this mean that Satan and all the fallen angels weren't in Heaven and didn't enjoy the fullness of the beatific vision? If they enjoyed the fullness of the beatific vision prior to their fall and could not sin, how did they manage to get cast out of Heaven? - February 24, 2012 at 2:55 PM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
That is correct ... Satan (and all the angels) did not start off with the beatific vision -- even though they were craeted in the state of grace, they had a moment to choose before being given the beatific vision.
Thus, Satan was cast of "heaven", meaning of the "upper parts", not meaning heaven proper -- after all, many times when Scripture says "heaven" or the "heavens", we are to understand something other than heaven proper (e.g. the birds are in the "heavens").
Thanks for the question, and helping me to clarify a bit! + - February 24, 2012 at 4:00 PM
Dear Father,
Excellent explanation! The little phrase that helps me to keep clear in my mind the Church's teaching on Christ as True God and True Man is:
Jesus is one "Who" and two "Whats".
He is one Divine Person with two natures, a Divine and a Human nature. He took on His Human nature at the Annunciation when He was conceived of the Holy Spirit in the womb of the Blessed Mother. God bless you, Father. - February 24, 2012 at 5:09 PM
Dear Father,
On the related subject of Jesus's Agony in the Garden where He prays to the Father to let this chalice of suffering pass, but "not My will but Thine be done". I think you mentioned this in a previous post, but is it proper to say that Jesus experienced the normal healthy dread of suffering, that function of our nervous system and mind which kick into gear when, for example, we learn we must have what we fear will be painful surgery? This isn't temptation per se, but it is the body "doing its thing" to help us to avoid danger. Thank you and God bless. - February 24, 2012 at 5:20 PM
I have already heard this kind of explanation, and I always find it hollow in one way for which I have yet to find a satisfactory answer. So, let me ask here. This article discusses in great length how the ability to sin does not make us more free, but less free. Yet, to the question why there is so much evil in the world, the standard answer is that the evil is the consequence of human freedom. Note that in this case notion 'freedom' must include the ability to sin, otherwise that answer would be plain stupid. Now, if we are to claim that it is not quite so, and that taking away the ability to sin makes one more free, we are back to square one with the question why there is so much evil in the world. In that case, one has every right in asking why then couldn't God make Adam free in that way that he has not the ability to sin, since then we would have both freedom and no evil and suffering.
- February 25, 2012 at 2:25 AM
This points to a larger issue in terms of understanding. In my experience, many Catholics (at least here in the Midwest) have the sense that temptation and sin are equivalent. In point of fact, they are quite different. Sin requires a human act, i.e., an act composed of desire, judgement, and an act of the will. In short, sin requires cooperation with temptation.
When any person is tempted, there cannot be sin unless that person averts to the sin that is suggested. Desire, in itself, is not sinful.
Kind Regards,
Father S. - February 25, 2012 at 5:50 AM
- David Urbanski said...
I noticed this morning that the verbs used in the first line of this passage are very vivid and strong: ekballei in Greek and expulsit in the Vulgate. In Mark, the very moment after Jesus is given his mission ("with you I am well pleased") the Spirit immediately "throws him out" into the desert. The Latin verb is the same used to mean "expel" or "disown." It's as if Jesus is disowned by God. I don't know how this fits into the discussion exactly, but as I read it, it certainly cast a very human kind of empty loneliness onto the scene. Not despair, but a desolation of some kind it seems.
- February 25, 2012 at 5:53 AM
- Mick Jagger Gathers No Mosque said...
Dear Mr. Edwards, A Bishop Fulton J. Sheen noted in , "Life of Christ," the Devil did not know that Jesus was The Messiah and so Satan began his tempting by saying, "If..".
- February 25, 2012 at 6:41 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
If I understand your comment correctly, then yes -- God could have made the world without sin, he could have created Adam not only in grace but with the beatific vision such that he could not sin (and there would still be freedom).
Indeed, these explanations of evil which say that "in order to give man freedom, God had to allow for the possibility of sin" are radically contrary to the Catholic and Christian Tradition.
They became popular only after the rise of Protestantism and the modern era.
The better answer is that God had no obligation to make a world entirely without sin. He had no obligation to make the world at all.
But, allowing us to fall into sin, God shows us great mercy insofar as he saves at least some.
Hence, sin and evil are permitted in order that God may bring about some greater good and also show us his mercy.
Peace! + - February 25, 2012 at 10:02 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Yes, I believe you are correct ... insofar as avoiding pain is considered as an instinct, our Savior did indeed avoid the suffering of the Cross.
However, there was not the slightest weakness in his will.
Peace! + - February 25, 2012 at 10:05 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
@Father S.,
You are correct that temptation (even interior temptation) is not sin per se -- because concupiscence is not sin.
However, we must also be clear: Christ did not suffer from concupiscence and so could not have had any interior temptations.
"Desire, in itself, is not sinful" (as you say). But, our Savior could not have had even an inordinate desire ... because he had no original sin, and because he enjoyed the beatific vision, and because he is God himself.
Peace! + - February 25, 2012 at 10:07 AM
Thank you for your straight answer. If you put things that way, then there is indeed no this kind of problem, but then we have a God that creates men to suffer for his own pleasure. As they say in an article on evil on catholic encyclopedia - God has not made the world primarily for man's good, but for His own pleasure. The problem is I kind of don't like such God, but I suppose that's the matter of taste. Thank you anyway.
- February 25, 2012 at 11:13 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
The traditional Catholic theory would not promote this horrible idea of God which you put forward.
God creates man out of goodness and love. Where what is given is not demanded, but an act of generosity, there can be no judgment against God.
They say "Don't look a gift-horse in the mouth" ... I see the goodness of God in creating the world, and it is to our benefit (not for his pleasure, but for ours). - February 25, 2012 at 11:27 AM
Are you asserting that it was ontologically impossible for Jesus to sin or "merely" logically impossible?
I ask because in the Office of Readings for the First Sunday of Lent we read in Augustine's commentary on Psalm 62 that "[I]f he (Jesus) were not tempted he could not teach you how to triumph over temptation."
If Jesus were ontologically incapable of sin then any temptation, whether interior or exterior, would seem to be no temptation at all thus making the divide became Jesus and us insuperable However, if sin were ontologically possible but logically impossible (i.e. due to the perfect conformance of the human will to the divine) then we would be able to "learn" from Jesus' example.
I would appreciate your thoughts.
In Christ,
-Greg - February 25, 2012 at 3:05 PM
Wouldn't promote? Well, I don't know how trustworthy catholic encyclopedia is, but I quote:
Secondly, to the question why God should have chosen to create, when creation was in no way needful for His own perfection, St. Thomas answers that God's object in creating is Himself; He creates in order to manifest his own goodness, power, and wisdom, and is pleased with that reflection or similitude of Himself in which the goodness of creation consists. God's pleasure is the one supremely perfect motive for action, (...) This is accordingly the sufficient reason for the existence of the universe, and even for the suffering which moral evil has introduced into it. God has not made the world primarily for man's good, but for His own pleasure; good for man lies in conforming himself to the supreme purpose of creation, and evil in departing from it (C.G., III, xvii, cxliv).
As for that gift-horse, that argument tacitly supposes that one is fond of horses which doesn't have to be the case. Taken that supposition away we have a situation that one is given (imposed?) a horse he has no specific desire for, which he can't return, and which by the way has bad teeth. As I said, it seems to be a matter of taste. I for example can't see the goodness and generosity in creating a world which has evil and suffering in it, if one could have created a world without it, especially if we are to claim that he could have done so and even preserve freedom and consequently love and all the other good stuff that goes with it. - February 25, 2012 at 11:23 PM
Can we, please, go back to the fallen angels for a while? If they fell because they said 'non serviam', but didn't do so in perfect knowledge and beatific vision, then how come there is no way that God can ever forgive them? I always thought that the Catholic teaching was that there can be no atonement for the sin of the fallen angels exactly because it was committed in full knowledge and while enjoying beatific vision. Please clarify this for me.
- February 26, 2012 at 5:20 AM
@ Father,
I don't disagree. Did I lead you to think otherwise?
As it happens, even inordinate desire is not sinful. This is something that needs to be very clear. The lack of clarity is what leads people to identify a call to avoid cooperation with inordinate desire with rejection of the person. (e.g., same-sex desire)
Kind Regards,
Father S. - February 26, 2012 at 10:08 AM
I am understand what your are trying to say, but the puzzle to me, is if one is not at all attracted to the evil how is one tempted? Example If I am a billionaire I simply would not be attracted to steal 1000.00. If I am married to a sports illustrated model, its unlikely I will be tempted to seek a prostitute. How could Jesus be tempted in a meaningful sense if Sin is not attractive on any level, even the good component of the sin ( for the will is only attracted to the good) - February 26, 2012 at 10:12 AM
Allow me to discuss the statement, "God cannot sin, and so he is absolutely free –his freedom is essentially greater than our freedom, in fact." My question is about God's will. Since God is perfect, for God to make a choice implies that there are two or more ways in which perfection is attainable. Perhaps, in His perfection, God does not choose but simply and directly does the perfect thing. Like creating every possible universe which a perfect being can be fulfilled with. Can anyone prove that God makes choices?
- February 26, 2012 at 10:52 AM
- Nick said...
A very good Scriptural argument to make is from Hebrews 3, directly quoting Psalm 95.
7 Wherefore, as the Holy Ghost says [in Ps 95]:
Today if you shall hear his voice, 8 harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the desert, 9 where your fathers **tempted me**, proved and saw my works, 10 forty years: for which cause I was offended with this generation, and I said: They always err in heart. And they have not known my ways. 11 As I have sworn in my wrath: If they shall enter into my rest.
Here the Scriptures plainly say that God was "tempted" by the Israelites. This is the same Greek word for "tempt" as used for Jesus. The only acceptable understanding is that of an external provocation, without the slightest suggestion that God could ever succumb.
This is a good text to know when speaking with Jehovah's (False) Witnesses, because they say Jesus could not be Divine since He was tempted. - February 26, 2012 at 12:34 PM
- Unknown said...
Very good reflections father! Extremely insightful. I've never really considered these theological questions before. Eastern Catholic theologies might differ from you on some points, but the overall thrust is the same. I'll go and think about it some more and maybe see if I can dig up some legitimate differences in theological opinion to continue the conversation.
- February 26, 2012 at 12:34 PM
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- February 26, 2012 at 1:02 PM
If evil is "a tendency toward non-being" (the Augustinian position), what kind of ontological status has Satan? - February 26, 2012 at 1:29 PM
- Charles said...
Passerby,I believe,that the only pleasure which God created the world for is to get back all souls.
So the pleasure through creating this world,which God is pleased with, is the acquiring back not only all souls,Jesus spirit substance since all by Him,but also the flesh body on the last day which their origin,I believe,are Lucifer and His
angels. This is the charity,love and mercy of God through His Son Jesus.
Also it is through our behaviour both by being in this world and with nature in general,which determines our future in the next world.The more we love the world,and our flesh,the more we are away from God,so in a way the world itself is not a friend of God.
Regarding Jesus'temptation,I believe that Jesus' soul was not under the grip of Satan,like humans were, through Adam's sin.
So the fact that Jesus was the redeemer,it was vital for Him to be immaculate in order to be free from all evil influences in whatever way they would come.
This is confirmed in Luke 4:13And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.
14 And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee:
So here scripture is confirming that when Jesus was in the desert,He was not in the power of the spirit,which means He was as a normal human being,and this gives us a good reason why He was tempted.
I am expecting your correction father. - February 26, 2012 at 1:53 PM
The temptation refers, i think, to Satan's behavior rather than Jesus' behavior. There was an effort made by the devil to divert our Lord from his task. There is no scriptural indication that the devil was successful in this effort. The effort to cause one to sin is in itself the sinful part of the interaction. That our Lord was not deceived into sin is entirely unsurprising. Doubtless his human nature fully understood the efforts of the adversary. Scripture does not dwell on any aspect of an internal struggle, and it need not: even the notion that Jesus was in fact tempted through the efforts of the devil is rather laughable. The semantic argument here is really the source of the confusion: Just because person 1 tries to tempt person 2 does not necessarily imply any sin at any level for person 2.
- February 26, 2012 at 6:50 PM
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- February 26, 2012 at 9:50 PM
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- February 26, 2012 at 10:34 PM
Hi Fr.,
Simple question I think [for a change]: if the devil didn't know Jesus was the Son of God, how do we explain the gospel passages which state that the demons knew who He was?
Yan - February 26, 2012 at 10:49 PM
- This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
- February 27, 2012 at 1:35 AM
Tito Edwards said...
If Satan is a fallen angel, that means he had perfect knowledge from day one. Hence he knew Jesus was unable to be tempted.
Yet, if Scripture states that Satan tempted him, that can only mean that Satan did not know that Jesus was the Son of God.
Which begs the question, that with perfect knowledge and that Jesus is infinite, ie, He was there when Satan was created, then Satan did not recognize that Jesus was the Son of God when He appeared on Earth?
February 24, 2012 9:53 AM
Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Most of the Church Fathers hold that Satan did not realize that Jesus was true God.
Indeed, Satan does not have perfect knowledge of all things -- he is still limited, being a creature (even if a powerful creature).
The flesh of Christ hid his divinity ... especially, because our Lord was hungry (after the 40 day fast), Satan doubted whether Jesus was truly divine.
Great question! +
February 24, 2012 11:41 AM
Sorry for reviving a long done topic. I just feel uneasy with the theory that the Devil did not know Jesus was the Son of God as the event was preceded by His baptism (Mt 4:13; Mk 1:9; Lk 3:2). At the baptism, the Father announced "This is my Son, the Beloved; he is my Chosen One.
Please help me in my lack of understanding. - February 27, 2012 at 2:05 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
To those who made purely anonymous comments...
I have asked many times that all comments have at least a pseudonym attached.
You have till noon Pacific time to claim your comments, or they will be deleted.
Once a comment is claimed, then I will consider answering.
At least use a name/pseudonym at the end of the comment ... like so,
- Fr. Ryan - February 27, 2012 at 9:06 AM
Dear Father:
Again trying to understand this, to be troublesome temptation has to be "attractive" in some fashion. I am not attracted to every kind of sin. No one is. So most people are tempted in this or that manner depending on their own flaws. It is not a "temptation" to me to offer an opportunity to do something sinful that I simply have no attraction to. Just to make the point, clear It is simply impossible for a heterosexual to be tempted to indulge in homosexual activity, they would not find this sin at all attractive. So a temptation here is impossible, or at least meaningless. Now in the Case of Jesus you are stating that no sin would of course be in any way attractive, and this is of course consistent with the traditional teaching. I do not dispute it. Still do you not think then it is paradoxical to describe his encounter with the Devil as "temptation", I am not sure what the word could possibly mean in this context. It would seem that a temptation must be at least attractive to some degree or one is not "tempted" Again I am not "tempted" to engage in some activities so it is rather effortless to not engage in them, regardless of whether they are sinful or not. If this was True of Jesus regarding anything sinful, ie he has no desire for it, what do we mean by temptation?
I think this is a paradox, that is not easily answered by the traditional teaching. - February 27, 2012 at 10:56 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
@Greg L,
I do not believe something could be a "logical" impossibility while at the same time being an "ontological" possibility.
I just don't understand.
If 2 + 2 cannot logically equal 5, then 2 apples and 2 apples most certainly cannot ontologically equal 5 apples.
So to, if God cannot sin (as a logical impossibility), then most certainly it is an ontological impossibility for Jesus to sin. - February 27, 2012 at 11:17 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
In one sense, God made the world for his pleasure ... insofar as he was not obligated to do so.
On the other hand, it is out of love for us that he created us.
He does not benefit from creation, we do.
And thus, to say that you don't really care for "horses" (mocking my analogy of looking a gift-horse in the mouth), is a very silly thing ... you are saying that you don't really care whether you exist or not and that, if your existence is not just as you like it, then you may well rather not exist at all.
Such ingratitude! - February 27, 2012 at 11:20 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
@Deum Videre,
please look at my earlier article on why hell is eternal ... http://newtheologicalmovement.blogspot.com/2010/08/eternity-of-hell.html
Here you will see why the angels only make one choice for or against God.
It is part of their very nature (and our souls are similar to this after the separation from the body). - February 27, 2012 at 11:22 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
@Father S.,
I presumed that we were in complete agreement, but only wanted to make it very clear for others (besides yourself) that Jesus not only did not sin, but was not even the subject of inordinate desires.
Peace! + - February 27, 2012 at 11:22 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Jesus would see the good in all actions (even in sinful actions), but would not be attracted to that good in an inordinate or irrational way.
Thus, the temptation could only be exterior, but was still a real temptation (insofar as our Savior was assaulted from without).
A temptation does not become real only when the will consents, after all.
Think more on this truth, and you will see the meaning of the traditional doctrine.
Peace to you! And keep searching! + - February 27, 2012 at 11:25 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
God is not free (in the sense we normally say "free") when it comes to things within the Trinity.
The Father could not have done anything other than generate the Son, for example.
Still even here there is a freedom which is beyond what we can comprehend -- for God is not in any way restricted by either nature or being or by any outside force.
It is a mystery indeed!
When it comes to the world, God is free insofar as he did not need to create the world, and he could have made it either better or worse than it is.
So he had/has many choices there! - February 27, 2012 at 11:27 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
You are mostly correct ... except that, when in the desert, Jesus was not a "mere man" or a "normal human being" ... he was (and always will be) fully God and fully man.
However, his divinity was hidden through the weakness brought on from the fast. - February 27, 2012 at 11:29 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Good points! - February 27, 2012 at 11:29 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
The demons (and Satan himself) did not know with certainty, but they suspected.
However, during periods of great suffering, Jesus seemed to be a mere man and to be abandoned by God ... hence Satan tempted him in the desert and inspired the Romans and Jews to conspire to kill him.
Had Satan known with certainty that Jesus is God, he would never have had him put to death -- since he would know that this would bring about his [Satan's] destruction.
Peace to you! + - February 27, 2012 at 11:31 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
See my above comment to Yan.
Satan suspected but was not sure.
Especially when Jesus was weak through suffering and bodily fatigue, Satan thought "perhaps he is only a prophet?" and "has God abandoned him?" - February 27, 2012 at 11:32 AM
If evil is "a tendency toward non-being" (the Augustinian position), what kind of ontological status has Satan?"
PS. I posted as anonymous because there are no other viable identity choices for me. - February 27, 2012 at 11:44 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Thank you for using a pseudonym at the end of your comment ... that is just fine!
Satan is not pure evil, else he would not exist. Rather, there is some good in him -- and in this sense he still participates in God.
Satan and God are not polar opposites ... Satan in no way is comparable to God, as an evil counter-god.
Rather, he is a mere creature, who participates in God's goodness ... but does not participate in the supernatural goodness of salvation.
Hope that is clearer now! + - February 27, 2012 at 12:04 PM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
Several purely anonymous comments (not having even a pseudonym placed at the bottom of the comment) which were unclaimed, have been deleted.
In the future, all wholly anonymous comments will not even be posted.
It is just too difficult to try to respond to numerous "anonymouses" ... if you want to join the discussion, have the good manners to provide a name or pseudonym. - February 27, 2012 at 12:08 PM
I don't think you quite understand how temptation and sin actually work in our lives. Several years ago a powerful Chicago congressman - was it Dan Rostenkowski? - was compelled to resign when the extent of his financial corruption was revealed. What struck me at the time was the incredulity of some observers at how a man as rich as he was would stoop to diverting something like $5400 from his office's postal allowance into his personal account. And of course, Tiger Woods is, or was, married to a Sports Illustrated model. Which did not serve to keep him from the other pretty ladies, did it?
If you have a billion dollars, it will be because you like having money. Even another 100 grand. If you have a swimsuit model wife - unless her appearance is far down the list of her attractive qualities - it will be because you like the pretty girls. And you will notice your wife is not the only one. - February 27, 2012 at 1:24 PM
Dear Father Ryan Erlenbush, comments submitted under "Anonymous" are in fact submitted under the pseudonym "Anonymous" and were in fact openly invited for posting under that pseudonym by you/your blog. It may come across as lacking in "good manners", indeed hypocritical, for you to then allege that such posters lacked "good manners" for having accepted your invitation, for using the pseudonym you so kindly offered. Again, such posters did provide a pseudonym, indeed the one you offered them to use: "Anonymous", and they were accepting your/your blog's own invitation to post as such. If you find it difficult to try to respond to numerous "Anonymouses", your blog gives you a tool: the date/time of the post. For example, "Anonymous 11:44 AM". Perhaps your blog also gives you the opportunity to remove the "Anonymous" pseudonym from your blog's menu choices, for I've seen many other blogs that seem to have done that rather than invite and then insult the invited guests.
- February 27, 2012 at 3:23 PM
Dear Fr. Ryan Erlenbush,
If "It is simply and absolutely impossible for Christ to sin... even in his humanity, our Savior could not sin", can you tell us, why does the Catholic Church teach the following:
(1) "Mortal sin is a radical possibility of human freedom." (CCC#1861)
(2) "the possibility of choosing between good and evil, and thus of growing in perfection or of failing and sinning... is the basis of praise or blame, merit or reproach." (CCC#1732)
According to CCC#1861, it seems that if Jesus had "human freedom", then there must have been "a radical possibility of mortal sin". And conversely, if it was impossible for Jesus to sin, then Jesus did not have "human freedom", i.e. he -lacked- human freedom.
Likewise, according to CCC#1732, it seems that if the acts of Jesus were in any way human, or if there was any "basis of praise" for Jesus (or God), then there was "the possibility of... sinning". Otherwise, there's no "basis of praise" for Jesus or God.
How do you explain this seeming contradiction without saying that the Catechism is not saying what it says?
And if Jesus was not tempted "by any defect of his will, nor by any sinful inclination" nor "by the flesh", then what is the sense in saying that Jesus was tempted in "all things like as we are"? If it's "excepting in those ways which involve sin", i.e. if it's not all things like as we are, then how is that "all things like as we are"? What exactly does the phrase "all things like as we are" really mean?
Another translation such as "similarly been tested in every way" might be used, but that too seems problematic, as how could Jesus have been tested "similarly" and "in every way" if he was not inclined in the same ways and to the same things as other people? For example, we don't "similarly test in every way" how a man would react in space by sending a rock into space, do we? And how could a man be tested "in every way" in just a relatively few days time? Indeed, to test "in every way" in just a few days time would mean not testing over a longer period of time, and thus not be "in every way".
Maybe you might answer the question if asked differently: How does Jesus "sympathize with our weaknesses" if he doesn't have and never has had our weaknesses?
Thank you for your patience. - February 27, 2012 at 3:54 PM
Fr. Ryan Erlenbush, I take note of your statement that "Had Satan known with certainty that Jesus is God, he would never have had him put to death -- since he would know that this would bring about his [Satan's] destruction."
That raises some questions: Did Satan have to "know with certainty" in order to "bring about his [Satan's] destruction"? If not, did he also not know that too?
And by "certainty", do you mean "moral certainty" or do you mean "absolute certainty"? Which is the standard for bringing about one's destruction?
And had not Satan already "brought about" his [Satan's] destruction before Jesus was put to death, in the sense that he had already committed a capital offense of some sort?
Again, thank you for your patience. - February 27, 2012 at 5:08 PM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
@Your Conscience,
When a person leaves a comment, above the box where the comment is written one will find the following:
"If you want your comment to be published: Use a name or pseudonym, and keep it short (generally, less than 100 words), to the point, and civil.
All comments must be approved by a blog-administrator. If your comment is deleted, please don't take it personally."
I do not remove the ability to post as "anonymous" because I want to allow people to post without having a subscription to blogger or other such accounts.
Still, it is extremely difficult to try to respond to many different comments when I can't tell whether they are from the same person or different people.
Why don't you start your own blog? Then you can allow free speach to whomever you choose. + - February 27, 2012 at 5:16 PM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
You ask a couple of very good questions!
1) CCC 1861 is very clearly speaking of human freedom in this life of viatores, prior to the beatific vision.
In heaven, the saints are free, though mortal sin no longer remains a possibility.
Yet, to be clear, it is indeed true that the human will is in itself (as a creature) capable of sin ... and in this sense, we may even say that Christ's human will (considered as a creature, in itself and not as "of Jesus") was "capable of sin" ... however, in concrete reality, Jesus could not possibly sin ... and thus, he was totally free.
2) Regarding the question of growing in merit ... it is true that Christ merited all things in the very first moment of his existence ... indeed, he did not essentially grow in holiness or in merit throughout his life.
This is a mater of faith ... and your intuition here is correct. Christ, because he possessed the beatific vision, did not grow in holiness or in merit throughout his life, but was full of grace and perfect in merit from the first moment of his existence.
Finally, regarding Christ's temptations ... Scripture says (in a most literal translation), he was "tempted in all things in like manner - apart from sin" ... meaning, he was tempted in every way we are, excepting in those which arise from sin.
For example: Do you really think Jesus was tempted from memories of past sins? Of course not! It is blasphemy.
Likewise, he was not tempted from concupiscence, because he did not have original sin.
Without weakness of the will, he could only suffer exterior temptations ... and he suffered them to the end, in a manner far greater than we have. + - February 27, 2012 at 5:27 PM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
I have not been very clear ... what I mean to say is that Satan DID NOT know with certainty (not even moral certainty) that Jesus was God ... and this is why he had him put to death ... had he known, he would have realized that the death of Jesus would bring about the salvation of sinners -- and he would never had desired to have Jesus put to death.
So, the "destruction" of Satan, of which I speak, does not refer to his fall from heaven, but to the harrowing of hell.
Hope it is clearer now! + - February 27, 2012 at 5:36 PM
- P Dan Long said...
Re: gift horse with bad teeth. I quote:
And thus, to say that you don't really care for "horses" (mocking my analogy of looking a gift-horse in the mouth), is a very silly thing ... you are saying that you don't really care whether you exist or not and that, if your existence is not just as you like it, then you may well rather not exist at all.
Such ingratitude!
Dear Fr. I was hoping for a better response than that. I am a catholic priest for 18 years and I see many young people- due to many sinful situations, etc... saying" " I prefer not to" why should I live, I did not ask to be born, I never wanted to be, so I will live my life as I see fit or take my life...." to respond to them "such ingrates" is to not hear their pain and confusion.... And also a question I find hard to answer--- why would such a good God, who wants me to freely love him, leave me only the "choice" of loving the "gift horse" (right now I am dealing with a woman who was abused by her father for over 8 years)... loving him, accepting the cross, or living forever in hell.... why can't this Good God, there seems to be no alternative, between God or hell (after this life) it would seem, if I could choose hell, nothingness or God, I would willingly choose nothings- preferring never to have lived than heaven or hell--- there are people so damaged that would say it would have been if I never had been born (Job)... how is it freedom when the choice is God's way or no way (hell).... Fr. DL - February 28, 2012 at 5:56 AM
Father, you say:
you are saying that you don't really care whether you exist or not and that, if your existence is not just as you like it, then you may well rather not exist at all. Such ingratitude!
Yes, that is precisely what I am saying. And calling it 'ingratitude' isn't much of an argument, you are aware of that? I mean, this kind of thing angers me. When you call me ingrateful, you actually suppose the thing that you should prove. The thing being the goodness and the beauty of the world. I honestly said I don't like it. Should I lie? - February 28, 2012 at 6:01 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
I'm sorry ... I am not clear on what it is you are looking for.
If you are searching for pastoral counsel, that is one thing.
If you are hoping to engage in theological discussion, that is quite another.
The comment box here is really only suited to theological discussion ... feel free to email me if you want to talk on a more pastoral level.
Regarding the theological point: It is a simple axiom that being is good ... it is not the type of thing which can be proven ... though to deny it can be shown absurd -- since, if being is not good, then there is utterly no meaning at all.
If you are seriously doubting whether existence is worth it ... the only advice I can give here is that you should get off the internet, get off the blogs, go to your local parish priest and talk with him.
Get in touch with family or friends quickly, don't be alone for any extended period.
Find a counselor quick (your parish priest should be able to help with this).
Peace to you. + - February 28, 2012 at 10:21 AM
The difference between people and animals: I think someone like Passerby could feel painfully – excruciatingly – the dilemma presented (loving all-powerful God, yet world of evil and horrible temporal suffering and existence of hell) without being suicidal, if such a person recognized that they have an indestructible soul and hence have no power to put themselves completely out of existence. (They'd be in even less in danger of suicide if they also believe in hell.) Such a one would not seek suicide, but rather understanding – but they'd seek it rather urgently, desperate for an answer to the intellectual dilemma so painful to them. Apparent contradictions such as Passerby is struggling with, Fr DL re-articulating, are surely able to be resolved…
- T - February 28, 2012 at 4:59 PM
But this is theological discussion, isn't it? We are discussing what freedom is, and where the supposition that man can be free even without possibility to sin leads us. You now say that goodness of existence is an axiom. Yes, I agree, within that theory it is an axiom. But let us now consider where does that axiom, together with human (but no Jesus-human) kind of freedom, lead us. You are aware that my thinking existence not worth it is a sin within that worldview? Therefore, in thinking existence not worth it, I am exercising my human (no Jesus) kind of freedom. And it is not pleasant, you can take my word for it. If I didn't have that kind of freedom, then I would think existence is real nice. Since I have to exist, that would be much better. What's more, if I keep thinking the way I do till I die, I go to hell. Actually, that's what hell is - not wanting for all eternity something that God wants, which therefore is, and suffering because of it. So, resuming all that, we have a God that out of his pleasure created the world as it is, gave us the ability not to like it, and then said 'if you like it, good for you, if not - go to hell (literally)'. Therefore, something is good by the sheer fact that it is (i.e. exists) and that God is the strongest who makes to be all that is. That is the christian theory, when you get to the bottom of it?
PS. I do think existence not worth it, but I won't kill myself just yet, don't worry. - February 29, 2012 at 2:36 AM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
In order to have theological discourse, the basic premises of faith and reason must be already accepted.
Thus, theological discussion is possible for a Catholic and a protestant, but not for a Catholic and an atheist.
Rather, when the fundamental axioms of the faith are not accepted, the discussion must be philosophical.
And a Catholic and atheist can have a philosophical discussion (as can a Catholic and an Hindu).
However, if even the basic premises of philosophy are doubted -- as in the principle of non-contradiction or the fact that being is good -- then even philosophical discourse is impossible.
You have rejected the axiom that being is good ... thus, no, this is not theological nor even philosophical discourse.
Nothing more can be done ... at least, not in terms of rational discussion in comment boxes.
Rather, better to get out and see the beauty in creation, be with other people in friendship, etc. Easier to regain reason in the world than on the web. + - February 29, 2012 at 10:30 AM
- Marko Ivančičević said...
The proposition you are making is only apparently christian. It seems horiffic. But you are missing one big thing. God revealed Himself and all those things. It would be horrible if He didn't. But He did and we can know His Revelation and thus we can be saved from the eternal fires of Hell. - March 1, 2012 at 4:20 AM
- P Dan Long said...
we have a God that out of his pleasure created the world as it is, gave us the ability not to like it, and then said 'if you like it, good for you, if not - go to hell (literally)'. --- passerby summarized well, the apparent dilemma and misconception of the word freedom. It seems there is no freedom (we are not rationally free not to choose God) - my question is most people do not understand freedom and would say there is no freedom in a choice that boils down to heaven or hell. How do you present a simple layman's explication of freedom to such people--- where is their misconception and how to correct it? when they say I only have two choices- heaven or hell- therefore I reject this kind of "game" or choice... ?
- March 1, 2012 at 4:51 AM
@Father: But you are running from the discussion in a dishonest way. Don't you see that I accepted your axiom in a previous post and then considered what kind of implications that axiom has. Beware, the same axiom within different theories has different implications. For example, both euclidean and non-euclidean geometric theories have lines in it. It's just that lines in non-euclidean theories are no more so straight. The same thing is with the term 'good'. That term has one meaning in everyday speech, but when one considers implications the same term has in your theory, it seems to me it is no more 'so straight'. In everyday speech, good is generally considered as something one would like. In your theory, it is more of a reference point. Just like unit on a number line. It is put somewhere on the line, and if you happen to be on the same side as it is then you are positive, but if you happen to be on the other side then you are negative. In other words the world is as it is, that is the way God liked it, and he is the mightiest of us all, his will is done. He is the reference point. If you like it his way - good for you, you are on the positive side, if not then suffer. To put the same thing another way, I have a question for you - what does the goodness of creation mean to those who are in hell?
PS. As for that counsel of yours, to get out and see the beauty of creation, maybe I am writing this from a wheelchair in an institution with wicked nurses which don't like taking me out? Maybe I am writing this from a basement in Gaza strip/Iraq/Afghanistan, and I can't get out since there are bombs everywhere, while my family and friends are already killed? That is a possibility, isn't it? But alas no, I am writing this from a peaceful and beautiful town in Europe, and I do get out to marvel the beauty of creation (especially nature). But I still don't find it worthy. And it still isn't much of an argument. - March 1, 2012 at 10:52 AM
I am wondering the status of a missing comment I had signed...
It had a question about the implications of existence as a good in itself on our attitudes towards the putting down of animals. I humbly submit that though such – and the questions of Passerby which inspired it - may perhaps lean toward more of a philosophical consideration, the great theologian St Thomas did not shy away from elucidating philosophical considerations for the reader as well as theological ones.
If somehow my signature failed, can this count as "claiming" the comment for publication?
- T - March 1, 2012 at 7:05 PM
- Father Ryan Erlenbush said...
I'm sorry, the comment must not have gone through.
I didn't delete it ... it must have just been lost in cyber-space.
Truly, apologies.
If you would like to re-submit, please feel free. Though, in truth, I probably won't have time to respond.
Peace to you. + - March 1, 2012 at 7:11 PM
If my may comment on one thing – the idea that you are presenting that good means one thing on one worldview and another thing in another worldview, one thing when spoken of creation another when spoken of God and his nature, I am not sure is fairly stating the case.
Have you ever read the divided line section in Plato's Republic? That section has helped to shape my (still very imperfect) understanding of what we mean when we say God is good. That passage speaks to the various goods of this world having their origin in a Good surpassing them all.
In other words (as I understand it…), if the sunshine feels good, if the flower looks good, the chocolate tastes good; and (moving towards more intangibles), if the intellectually beautiful order of geometry is good, if the justice of a properly resolved court case is good, if the love of mother for child is good – to the extent that these can all be called good univocally (and I think there's a readily perceivable – though hard to articulate – way that they can), to that extent (what they have in common) they reveal their Cause, reveal God.
For me, this helps make God's goodness a bit – just a bit – easier to think about, nearer, more comprehensible, more "real". I don't know if I am expressing it well at all though…
It may not directly answer the "problem of evil" aspect of your question, why this good God created the world with so little of his own goodness in it… but it does perhaps reassure that the things we do like about it – the things that really are good, not the bad parts like war and wicked nurses and stubbed toes – those things we wish were all in all – will in fact be all in all when we go to heaven. Provided we choose heaven. I think it may be hard to choose heaven if we think of the wicked and nasty parts of the world as reflecting God's nature, when – they don't.
I have a hard enough time understanding / trying to explain goodness of God that I will not make any attempt to try and offer any ideas towards explaining the evil in the world (there are wiser people than I who have and can address that). But perhaps these thoughts are maybe a start towards thinking out at least one aspect to your questions and eventually getting to the whole?
So sorry Fr. Ryan this is very long – if you read it and it is not worth the length, please do not publish. But perhaps ramblings like this are not wholly unproductive…
- T - March 1, 2012 at 7:50 PM
Father Ryan,
Thanks for the insightful article, somehow you've always managed to ask some very enlightening questions that I've never even thought about!
I have a questions related to the discussion in this thread about free-will.
You said that free-will as defined for human beings on earth is actually less free than that possessed by the saints in beatific vision since they are no longer able to choose evil.
I had always thought that the reason God gave us free will is to be able to love him freely, i.e. if we have a choice not to love Him then our choice to love Him is meaningful.
He could have created us to be automatons or robots that are unable to choose not love Him, completely subservient to all His commands. Is this the definition of freedom you are talking about?
It also raises the question about our Blessed Mother, since we praise her Fiat (yes) to the Incarnation so much. If she was unable to say No, why do we even celebrate her Yes?
A final question, is there a reason why only Mary is Immaculately Conceived? Could God also not create everyone in the same way and prevent anyone to go to hell?
Your clarifications on these matters are very much appreciated.
RL - March 6, 2012 at 10:38 AM
Hi Fr., thanks for your reply. You said:
The demons (and Satan himself) did not know with certainty, but they suspected.
However, during periods of great suffering, Jesus seemed to be a mere man and to be abandoned by God ... hence Satan tempted him in the desert and inspired the Romans and Jews to conspire to kill him.
Had Satan known with certainty that Jesus is God, he would never have had him put to death -- since he would know that this would bring about his [Satan's] destruction.
Peace to you! +
February 27, 2012 11:31 AM
3 questions: 1] how do we know that the evil one knew that if Christ were God that His death would fulfill God's plan?
2] I still don't see the textual basis for lowering the degree of knowledge of Christ to mere suspicion when the text says that the demons knew who He was. Isn't the point of view that they did know Him vindicated by virtue of the fact that He told them what to do, and they obeyed Him? 'Come out of him; go into those swine, etc., etc.'
3] would it be reasonable to explain the temptation and the crucifixion [and slaughter of the innocents] despite the demons' knowledge of Christ by reference to their inability to will or do anything but evil? - March 8, 2012 at 9:01 PM
@ Passerby
I realize this post is from some time ago and do not know if my comment will even be posted, but it seems that your idea of freedom is seriously misunderstood. To be free to choose an action does not in any way free you from the consequence of that action. No such thing could exist. However, you are nonetheless free to choose and with that choice, the consequences inherent in it. If this were not so, what good would choice be? Then, and only then, would life be truly meaningless, for no action on my part could yield any result at all, whether for good or evil. To argue that choice should be free of consequence or else, is not in fact 'free choice', is to argue for absolute chaos, which is impossible.
As for the goodness of God, He does not want you to choose a specific thing to please Him or for His good. God is complete; He does not need you to do anything for Him. Rather, God pursues you for your good, because you are made to share in Him, an unimaginable gift, and are thus incomplete without Him; He wants you to be whole. It is not a will God exerts on humanity to 'follow Him or else', but an ultimate respect for our choice, just as the path He laid out for us isn't a demand to obey Him, but a road placed with care for our good, which can only be achieved in Him. Would you argue that a parent, telling their child to stay away from a hot stove is concerned only with a totalitarian concept of obedience, or that the parent is demanding a 'my way or the highway' ultimatum? No, the parent is concerned for the good of the child. To say that your freedom is a farce because the only choices are to touch the stove or not to touch it, and to bear the consequences of such a choice, is to deny the purpose of choice and thus, become the very realization of meaningless.
All of this said I see good in the fact that you find the world unworthy. You are unsatisfied; that is good because, if you were satisfied, you would not bother to look further. I was just such a person, restless and unsatisfied. I urge you, be restless, demand answers, seek… Most of all be open to what you find.
- Brand New Catholic
- January 2, 2013 at 9:52 AM
Thank you Fr. on your article. The way I explain Jesus' temptation is I 1st ask the person what food they really dislike. Then I state if I came to you with a barrel full of that food and asked you to do something and in return you would get that barrel of food, would you do it? You see I just tempted you BUT you were not tempted. Now satan came to Jesus with a barrel full of sin and tempted Jesus BUT Jesus was not tempted.
- February 17, 2013 at 4:19 PM
- Lee said...
Satan did not believe that God could create a man that was unable to sin or be tempted by evil. All the effort Satan made to tempt Jesus failed and this is to prove to us that we have a messiah that in nature is like God, righteous, unable to be tempted by evil and incapable of sin. This was the lamb without spot or blemish and the example to us of the perfection we are to follow after. We are to be transformed to be in the image of Jesus who was the image of the invisible God.
- June 28, 2013 at 8:23 AM
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Zope Quick Start
Welcome to Zope, a high-performance object-oriented platform for building dynamic Web applications. Here are some quick pointers to get you started:
Read The Fine Manual. This document guides you through the whole process of learning Zope, from logging in for the first time to creating your own web applications.
Go to the main Documentation Overview on Zope.org. Here you will find pointers to official and community contributed documentation.
Look at the various Mailing Lists about Zope. The Mailing Lists are where you can get quick, accurate, friendly help from a large community of Zope users from around the world.
Go directly to the Zope Management Interface if you'd like to start working with Zope right away.


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20+ Years Experience
Specialist Addiction Treatment
Get Help and Support Now
Here at Rehabilitation Clinic, our aim is to give our Beckenham clients the best possible chance at getting better and beating their behavioural and drug addictions.
We are proud to have been recently voted the Best-Rated Addiction Rehabilitation Centre in the United Kingdom when up against all of the top-rated CQC rehabilitation companies.
We guarantee our team will provide you with the attention and care you need to ensure that you get better. We can offer you a free, confidential assessment to help you understand the kind of treatment you require.
Overcoming your addiction can be a long-term journey, which is why we always try to be upfront and honest with our clients about what they can expect from our services, so they aren't blindsided or thrown off guard.
The first step to overcoming your alcohol or drug addiction is admitting that you have a problem and actively searching for help.
Whether that be from family members, friends or from a professional alcohol rehab clinic like ours, we can offer you a free initial assessment today to help you figure out the addiction treatment and services you require today.
We offer a free addiction assessment, understand that Rehab clinics can be very expensive, and aim to give our clients an insight into what they can expect from us and the services provided.
This also allows us to tailor our alcohol and drug addiction treatment programmes toward your needs.
We also offer free aftercare if we feel that it is necessary to help you in your addiction recovery process and keep your mental health in check.
Our expert team have over two decades of experience in the drug rehabilitation centre industry, and we promise the ultimate commitment from our staff to help our patients receive the best care possible to help them get better.
Here at our alcohol and drug clinic in Beckenham, we offer the highest level of support to everyone, including individuals, family members, and communities nationwide, with all kinds of addiction.
Your addiction treatment will completely depend on your personal circumstances and what you are addicted to.
Our aim is to help all of our clients conquer their drug addiction. We try to provide our clients with the best possible treatment options to help them get through the addiction recovery process successfully.
It is important that you can trust the company you choose to help you with your addiction and rehabilitation process. Listed below are some of the Accreditations we have:
With the correct safety measures in place, you can be sure you will be safe and supported throughout your stay.
The average cost for Rehab in Beckenham the UK is around £2000 per week.
You can expect the cost to vary as there any many different cost factors that can impact the price.
Listed below are some of the cost factors for the Rehab Treatment Centre below:
There are many benefits of Rehab clinics, listed below you will find the most common benefits we have found through our customer reviews:
And many more.
There are a wide variety of Rehab Treatment programs available in Beckenham. Below you can see the variety of different types of Rehab Treatments we offer:
Inpatient Rehabilitation requires the patient to stay in a facility for the therapy needed and treatment options.
The length of your stay can vary anywhere from a few days to a month, depending on the required care you need whether its alcohol rehab
This can be in a private clinic or a public clinic it all depends on preference.
Outpatient Treatment is usually when you don't need to stay overnight in a hospital or facility, but you will still need to attend a hospital or clinic for any diagnostic tests, treatments, or therapies you need.
The 12-Step Movement can be a powerful force for many people. Below listed are the 12 steps:
Detox Programmes are designed to purge the body of all the toxins that have been put into your body. The idea is that you address the physical effects of drug and alcohol addiction.
To start your detox treatment programme today, please contact our team and we can send over a condition form to start your recovery journey.
Online Rehab is an online alternative to in-person treatments without compromising the quality of the addiction treatment program.
We have seen excellent results from our client base so far. We have found that some of our clients have found that online Rehab can actually work better than in-person treatments.
This is because patients generally seem to be more comfortable in their own environments so they seem to respond to treatment better since they feel comfortable.
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy is a psycho-social intervention that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, most commonly depression and anxiety disorders.
The primary goal of drug and alcohol rehab is to help individuals detoxify from the substances they have been abusing.
Medical professionals closely monitor the detox process to ensure the individual's safety and provide necessary medications to manage withdrawal symptoms.
Detoxification is followed by a comprehensive treatment plan that may include various therapeutic interventions, counselling, and support groups.
Rehabilitation is the action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy post-addiction, imprisonment, or illness.
Rehabilitation for addicts is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances; examples would be alcohol and drug addictions.
There is an admissions process prior to the rehabilitation stay to ensure each patient gets the correct treatment. So whether you need alcohol rehab or treatment for eating disorders.
We offer the very best treatment programmes in our rehab centres to ensure clients remain in a happy recovery space. Our clinics remain open 24 hours a day to ensure addicts get the support they need for a faster recovery.
There are a wide variety of Addiction treatments available. Listed below are some of the most common addiction treatment options:
And many more.
If you are looking to seek support for your drug and alcohol addiction or love addiction, please make sure to speak to us today. Our admissions team can have you booked into our rehab centre in no time.
There are many signs and symptoms of Addiction. Listed below are some of the most common ones:
If you have noticed signs and symptoms of addictive behaviours in Beckenham and would like support and professional treatment, make sure to contact our team today.
It is very hard to get accurate statistics on rehab success rates, but it is believed that rehab centres, on average, have a success rate of anywhere between 60-80%.
We would always suggest getting help for your addiction, and rehab clinics can be a massive help with that.
We believe that rehab clinics and therapy can help you cope with the mental health issues that come with being addicted to substances.
The length of the Rehab Treatment Programmes can vary.
The typical length of residential rehab programs is 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days; however, we do offer extended treatment programmes if this is something you would be interested in.
The first thing for you to determine is if you think that you need to go back to residential rehabilitation.
Relapse is a hallmark of Addiction. It is pretty much expected on your road to being clean. There isn't a beginning or endpoint to your recovery.
It is a continual process that will take a while to adjust your life completely.
The rehabilitation staff is usually made up of different health workers.
These can vary from physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, and many others.
There is a wide range of addictions that can be treated in a rehab clinic. Listed below are some of the most common ones:
If you require counselling or wellness treatment, please call us today and we can help you.
The two main treatment options for OCD are psychotherapy and medication. For psychotherapy, we would suggest CBT, and for medication, we would suggest talking to your local GP.
There are a variety of ways you can prepare for Rehab, both mentally and emotionally. You can see them below:
In some cases, you can force people into Rehab. One way is through the drug courts.
To be eligible for drugs court, an individual must have been arrested, pleaded guilty to the charged offence, and also agree to the court-ordered treatment programme.
There is a wide variety of eating disorders. Listed below are some of the most common ones:
And many more that all have various treatment options.
We would always suggest that the most important way to approach a loved one is in a calm, sincere, and judge-free manner.
We would suggest that you avoid emotional appeals as they can commonly make people feel guilty, which can lead to substance abuse.
Behaviour addiction usually occurs when a person develops an unhealthy dependence on a specific behaviour or activity.
Some of the most common broader behavioural addictions are gambling, sex, shopping, gaming, and exercise.
A typical day in Rehab can vary quite drastically. However, typically you can expect your day to start with a Holistic and Group Therapy Session.
During the Afternoon, you could expect to carry out a one-on-one counselling session. This is usually the most intensive session of the day. Usually, after an intense day of therapy sessions, many drug and alcohol clinics will recommend their patients have some downtime in the late afternoon to just relax.
During the evening, our patients will have dinner, and more group therapy sessions, the dinner you will expect to have will be nutritious and healthy to help your body to recover. Following dinner and more group therapy, patients will have downtime while they get ready for bed.
Dual diagnosis is used to describe someone who is struggling with substance abuse whilst also having a mental health condition.
This is often seen amongst people who have drug and alcohol problems, as they often have a mental illness (such as depression) which makes their substance abuse worse. On the other hand, an individual may have a substance misuse problem that has led to a mental health illness, such as psychosis.
The two problems may also be unrelated disorders but have since combined and grown.
We offer a wide range of treatments ranging from drugs to alcohol. At our addiction rehab clinic, we believe that no addiction is too big or too small.
Our team works relentlessly with you during your recovery journey to ensure you won't relapse or fall back into old habits.
Our experts can offer expert advice and give you access to the information you wouldn't get anywhere else.
Not only does our team at Rehabilitation Clinic help you improve your health issues they also give you the opportunity to create new healthy and essential goals and routines to make sure you never fall back into that lifestyle again. Our team of experts is invested in helping you achieve your future life goals.
We believe that we are the best in the business. We have over two decades of experience in the rehabilitation clinic sector.
Our mission statement is to offer the right help to as many of our clients as we possibly can.
We aim to assist them in overcoming addiction and any other conditions. You can work with our experts to search for ways to help you cope during your treatment and rehabilitation.
We understand asking for help for addiction can put you in a difficult situation.
If you think that you require our services, don't hesitate to contact our specialist team, who can discuss your options with you if you are struggling.
We know that thinking about Rehab can also cause some stress. However, here at private alcohol addiction rehab clinics, we try to make the process completely stress-free.
If you are ready for a life of sobriety, make sure you contact us today to start your treatment programme in London.
Here are some towns we cover near Beckenham.
Sydenham, Forest Hill, Catford, Lewisham, Thornton Heath
We absolutely love the service provided. Their approach is really friendly but professional. We went out to five different companies and found Rehabilitation Clinic to be value for money and their service was by far the best. Thank you for your really awesome work, we will definitely be returning!
Elliot JohnWe have used Rehabilitation Clinic for many years as they are certainly the best in the UK. The attention to detail and professional setup is what makes this company our go-to company for all our work. I highly recommend the team for the immense work - we highly recommend them!
Oscar Murphy'Rehabs near me' is a very popular search query, but we believe it is important to find the right rehab for you, not just the closest one!
For more information on our treatment centre and other rehabilitation clinics in Beckenham, fill in the contact form below to receive a free quote today.
We Aim To Reply To All Enquiries With-in 24-Hours


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I've said it before, so I'll say it again: Emily Graslie's "The Brain Scoop" is one of the warmest, slyest video blogs on the web. She's where I go to find out what museum scientists are up to — and right now she's at the Field Museum in Chicago, where she wanders from department to department, exploring, delighting, asking questions that you and I would ask if someone gave us a free pass to gawk our way through one of the great natural history museums in the world. So I was more than a little surprised to catch her recent post, a meditation on the mail she gets.
It turns out her mail is, well, troubling.
Many of the folks who write her, write not about the science, but about her body, her looks, her clothes, and do so without any apparent embarrassment. She's a science reporter who happens to be a young woman, and her woman-ness is the thing they focus on. The science, to her chagrin, often takes second place.
In her new video, Emily (with help from director and video editor Michael Aranda) gives us samples from her mailbox, She's not mad, not exactly. Instead, she just explains why these matter-of-fact little letter bombs make it harder for her to work, and how they hurt — every single day. And, being Emily, she explains it very well.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Sireah Warden
Amateur Milf Pornography – Videos, images, gifs, stories and more.
WARNING ADULT CONTENT!This website is intended for adults only and may contain content of an adult nature or age restricted, explicit material, which some viewers may find offensive. By entering you confirm that you are 18+ years and are not offended by viewing such material. If you are under the age of 18, if such material offends you or it is illegal to view in your location please exit now.


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McCain Correctional Hospital Inmate Locator
We have gathered for you all the available inmate search links and McCain Correctional Hospital Inmate locator information. Here is information on how to find someone in this jail. The first thing you should consider is that family members have rights for inmate visitation, inmate mail address and policies, and the commissary in McCain Correctional Hospital facility.
Here is jail inmate information for the McCain Correctional Hospital
Raeford, NC, 28376
855 Old Hwy 211
Raeford, NC, 28376
Additional information:
North Carolina Department of Corrections
McCain Correctional Hospital is located at 855 Old Hwy 211 Raeford, NC, 28376, in , North Carolina and has the capacity of 411 beds. If you need information on bonds, visitation, inmate calling, mail, inmate accounts, commissary or anything else, you can call the facility at 910-944-2351 or send a fax at 910-944-6068.
To send mail to an inmate in McCain Correctional Hospital (or send a package) write at: 855 Old Hwy 211 Raeford, NC, 28376 including Inmates Full Name. Make sure you have contacted the Jail Administration first, for rules and other details. inmate Search links for McCain Correctional Hospital can be found below. Looking up jails is simple.
McCain Correctional Hospital Inmate Search
To locate an inmate in this facility, click on the following links:To plan or schedule a visit to McCain Correctional Hospital see the map below for more information and directions.
North Carolina State Prison Inmates
The North Carolina State Prison is usually for long-term imprisonment. You can carry out an inmate search to find the rules for each facility in North Carolina. There are numerous penitentiaries and jails in the U.S. with a large number of individuals housed in them. We provide the available links to all of the currently available inmate searches and DOC sites available in North Carolina.
"People Get Arrested for a Variety of Reasons"
If a family member disappears, checking with local jails is a good idea. Your family member may be waiting to be bailed out. Here is how to know if someone is in McCain Correctional Hospital. You have the right to search even if that person is just a friend, a client or any other individual. You can also use these tools to find a pen pal. Our Inmate lookup service is a good resource for family members and public defenders. You can also search inmates on federal websites.How to Find Inmates in McCain Correctional Hospital
First of all, realize that you have rights under the United States Constitution to find a family member who has been arrested in McCain Correctional Hospital. The "Writ of Habeas Corpus" guarantees the rights of someone "in custody". An inmate locator is useful to help family members during court proceedings.
All police officers must "book" an inmate into the court system. During this process, vital information - such as name, address, fingerprints and photographs - will be taken. Our free inmate lookup service allows you to peruse databases of county, state and federal facilities.
"What Type of Jail or Prison?"
Determine the date and location of the police arrest. Someone on a most wanted poster, sex offenders list or with outstanding warrants might have been jailed after a routine traffic stop. The individual will be located in a jail based on 1) residence or 2) arrest location.Most of the United States criminal facilities are connected to online inmate search tools. Once booking information is entered and mugshots have been taken, you will be able to find inmates. You will find the available inmate search links above. A free inmate search allows you to view the databases of city, county, state and federal facilities.
"What Information is Available for McCain Correctional Hospital?"
Many arrest records are public and listed in newspapers. To find someone in jail, check the local police, sheriff and Federal Bureau of Prisons websites. You could also conduct a Department of Justice inmate search or check out Vinelink Offender Search to complete an inmate search by name. You should be able to find information such as the name, address, criminal charges, booking location and hearings.
Get all of your information ready such as the name, date of birth, address, criminal charges, prison and date of arrest.
"How Can I Use This Information?"
There are a variety of ways that you can search the database -like by name, jail or crime type. Once you have the general information, contact them by phone or email to set up a private visit.This lookup inmate database gives you information for contacting McCain Correctional Hospital. North Carolina state inmate search helps you determine bonding, when you can visit, add commissary money and send mail. The inmate locator saves you a lot of time and worry. If a loved one is in jail or prison, we are here to assist you in finding him or her. If you just want to run a criminal background check for someone or find a pen pal inmate, we can help you too.
Warning: Inmatesearcher.com does not guarantee the accuracy of the information found on this website. We cannot guarantee that the information here is up to date or functioning. No subject that is located due to our website should be treated unfairly or unlawfully. The information of this website is provided as is, and you are responsible for using this website legally according to U.S. and National laws.


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Halterneck Long Linen Dress in Washed Blue Toile Print
View the size chart for generic body measurements.
For a limited time CHRISTENSEN COPENHAGEN are offering Free Shipping on all orders. We use a combination of courier companies based on your location to ensure that your order is delivered as quickly as possible.
CHRISTENSEN COPENHAGEN delivers to addresses within Australia only. At this time, we are not able to deliver to PO Boxes or Parcel Lockers.
Our warehouse operates during business hours Australian Eastern Standard Time, Monday to Friday, excluding weekends and NSW public holidays.
Orders received before 12pm on weekdays will be processed and shipped on the same business day. Orders placed after 12pm will be processed and shipped next business day. Orders placed on weekends will be processed and dispatched next business day.
Orders placed during Sale or Promotional times may take longer to process. Please allow an additional 24 hours for dispatch.
You will receive an email notification once your order has been dispatched from our warehouse with a tracking number to monitor the delivery.
Full price merchandise purchased via CHRISTENSEN COPENHAGEN can be returned for a full refund or credit voucher within 14 days of receipt.
Sale merchandise can be returned for store credit only. Final sale items are not eligible for returns. Any order placed with a store credit will not be eligible for a refund or an exchange.
Returns are processed on merchandise only, less any shipping costs paid, unless faulty.
Returned items must be in their original condition; unworn, unused, unwashed, with swing tags attached and are accepted at the discretion of our team.
We are not able to offer exchanges and instead encourage you to place a new order to secure your desired item, and returning the the original item for a refund.
To make a return, please get in touch with us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
We make the best efforts to quality control all items prior to dispatch. In the case that something is faulty or damaged, please get in touch with us at firstname.lastname@example.com and also include a brief description of the fault.
Your refund will be credited to your original payment method. Please note credit card refunds may take up to 10 days to process, depending on your financial institution. For online orders only.
Store credits will be processed once your returned item/s have been received, and your credit note details will be sent to you via email. Store credits are non-transferable and are valid for use at christensencopenhagen.com only and cannot be used in store.
Any order placed with a store credit will not be eligible for a refund or an exchange.


text: Provide your customers with general privacy policy information. This includes type, range and purpose of each data collection as well as the use of personal data. This information is mandatory in many countries. Amend the content of this page according to the legal requirements. Further details are provided in our Helpcenter under the heading of "Legal pages". To open the Helpcenter, navigate back to the main menu, and then choose "Help" > Open Help Center.


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The leaves are changing colors, the air is crisp, and the days are getting shorter. That, plus the arrival of pumpkin spice flavored everything, means fall has arrived!
Your kids may have started school again. But there's still plenty of time to have some fun outdoors before winter weather rolls in. Looking to keep your kids active and away from their electronics as the seasons change?
Here are 25 screen-free activities you can enjoy together:
- Play in a pile of leaves. Rake up a pile as tall as you can, then watch your children get hours of enjoyment out of the fallen foliage.
- Carve a pumpkin. Whether you're going for the classic jack-o-lantern look or a unique design of your own, pumpkin carving lets your whole family express their creative side. Be sure to light it up with a candle afterwards for proud display on the front porch. Just be sure to follow these pumpkin carving safety tips while you're at it.
- Go on a nature hike. Experience the beauty of nature and the fall foliage as you navigate a trail at your local park or explore new parts of your neighborhood.
- Take a family bike ride. Fall weather can make for a great time to go on a bike ride. Grab a light jacket and pedal along the sidewalks of your neighborhood or hit a local trail. Make sure to protect yourself from bike theft, too.
- Pick apples at an orchard. Food tastes better when it's fresh from the farm. Find a local orchard to pick your own apples, then let your kids help make a homemade apple pie. And don't forget the fresh cider!
- Jump in a puddle. Rain, rain won't go away? Let your kids put on a poncho and boots to splash around. (And make sure to protect your home from heavy rain.)
- Start a pickup game. Whether it's soccer, basketball, or flag football, get the family together for some friendly competition in your backyard.
- Attend a football game. Cheer on your local high school, college, or professional team in the stands, and take some hot dogs and hamburgers for tailgating before kickoff. Here are some tips to keep your tailgate safe.
- Camp out under the stars. Grab your sleeping bags, pitch a tent, and have a slumber party outside. Try one of these 10 camping hacks while you're at it.
- Have a bonfire. Warm up by sitting around the flames on a cool fall night. After all, kids and adults alike can get behind the idea of roasting marshmallows and eating s'mores. Here's how you can build a fire pit in your yard.
- Go on a scavenger hunt. Print off a scavenger hunt list online or create your own inventory of things your kids can find in nature. Then let them go exploring.
- Navigate a corn maze. Visit a local farm and find your way through the field from start to finish. But don't get lost!
- Visit a fall festival. Chances are, your community has an event that will align with your family's interests – whether it's music, art, crafts, or food. Hop on a hayride or pick some pumpkins while you're there.
- Fly a kite. Pick up a kite from the store or make your own. Then, help your kids release it into the crisp fall air in a park or your backyard.
- Take a trip to the mountains. Maybe it's time for a quick weekend retreat. See the changing colors firsthand by renting a cabin for a short a family getaway.
- Run in a race. Lace up your sneakers to get some exercise together, whether it's in a competitive 5K or a casual 1-mile run.
- Go to the zoo. Get up close with the lions, tigers, and bears. Find out if your local zoo has a Halloween event where your kids can dress up, go trick-or-treating, and see the animals all at once.
- Have a picnic. Enjoy one of these fun family dinner ideas while taking a meal to your backyard or a local park.
- Snap some family photos. Allow your kids to show off their smiles or silliness as you pose for the camera in a fall photoshoot. Learn how you can preserve those pictures for years to come.
- Tour a haunted house. Get in the Halloween spirit as you experience the thrills of a haunted house. These local haunts can range in the level of "scariness" provided, so make sure it's age appropriate.
- Take a scenic drive. Load your kids in the car for some beautiful views along your favorite back roads. Grab some hot chocolate along the way, but be alert for these fall driving hazards.
- Visit a playground. The local park isn't reserved for summer fun. Encourage your kids to dress in layers and let them release some pent-up energy.
- Have a sack race. Gather your family and some neighborhood friends for a friendly hop to the finish line. Or break into teams for a relay race.
- Decorate for Halloween. Put together a display in your front yard. Let your kids help while displaying carved jack-o-lanterns on your deck or hanging orange lights around your house. Don't forget to get your house ready for trick-or-treaters.
- Pick flowers. Find some fall flowers, like mums, that you can harvest and display in a vase. Or plant some bulbs to get ready for spring.
However you choose to celebrate the season, life is about enjoying what matters most. At Erie Insurance, our job is to relieve your stress and restore your peace of mind so you can relax and enjoy more of what makes you and your family happy. Learn more about homeowners insurance from ERIE and talk to your local agent today.
A better insurance experience starts with ERIE.
Haven't heard of us? Erie Insurance started with humble beginnings in 1925 with a mission to emphasize customer service above all else. Though we've grown to reach the Fortune 500 list, we still haven't lost the human touch.
Contact Trent Insurance Agency today to experience the ERIE difference for yourself.