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Suppose you're in an upper division math course and you've been assigned a lab partner who you are supposed to work on practice questions and homework assignments all semester. As the semester develops, a pattern emerges. He comes to you with the answers to problems that he has worked on. He's earnest, hardworking, careful, and is highly motivated. But when you consider those problems and do some checking yourself, you find that his answers are quite often wrong. You check and double check and after many cases, it looks like he gets the right answer about 40% of the time. His reliability for doing math problems is only .4. That means that for any given problem that he's better at getting the wrong answer than the right one. You might think that this track record would make him a very bad lab partner, but ironically you could conclude with a better than chance probability that for any answer he gets, that's more than likely not the right one. So even being really bad at something makes him good for something.
Now consider the wide range of religious claims about the nature of reality that human beings have made over the eons. We could keep it simple and just reflect on the various gods that they have at one time or another asserted were real. Recall these 500 gods from an earlier post.
Aa, Aah, Abil Addu, Addu, Adeona, Adjassou-Linguetor, Adjinakou, Adya Houn'tò, Agassou, Agé, Agwé, Ahijah, Ahti, Aizen Myō-ō, Ajisukitakahikone, Ak Ana, Aken , Aker , Äkräs, Aku, Allatu, Altjira, Amano-Iwato, Ame-no-Koyane, Am-heh, Amihan, Amon-Re, Amun, Amurru, Anapel, Anath, Andjety, Anhur, Anit, Anu, Anubis, Anzambe, Apsu, Arianrod, Ash , Ashtoreth, Assur, Astarte, Aten, Atum, Ayida-Weddo, Ayizan, Azaka Medeh, Azaka-Tonnerre, Azumi-no-isora, Baal, Bacalou, Badessy, Bagadjimbiri, Bahloo, Baiame, Bakunawa, Bamapana, Banaitja, Ba-Pef, Baron Cimetière, Baron La Croix, Baron Samedi, Barraiya, Bata , Bathala, Bau, Beltis, Beltu, Belus, Bernardo Carpio, Bes, Biame, Biamie, Bilé, Bimbeal, Binbeal, Boli Shah, Bossou Ashadeh, Budai, Budai, Bugady Musun, Bugid Y Aiba, Bunjil, Bunjil, Cai Shen, Ceros, Chenti-cheti, Chi You, Chimata-No-Kami, Chun Kwan, Cihang Zhenren, City god, Clermeil, Congo (loa), Consus, Cronos, Cunina, Dagan, Dagda, Dagon, Daikokuten, Damballa, Dan Petro, Dan Wédo, Daramulum, Dauke, Dea Dia, Dhakhan, Diable Tonnere, Diana of Ephesus, Diejuste, Dimmer, Dinclinsin, Dragon King, Dragon King of the East Sea, Duamutef, Dumu-zi-abzu, Dzingbe, Ea, Ebisu, Edulia, Efile Mokulu, El, Elali, Elder Zhang Guo, Elum, Engurra, Enki, Enma, En-Mersi, Enurestu, Erlang Shen, Erzulie, Ezili Dantor, Fan Kuai, Fei Lian, Feng Bo, Four sons of Horus, Fu Lu Shou, Fu Xi, Fūjin, Fukurokuju, Furrina, Futsunushi, Gargomitch, Gasan lil, Gasan-abzu, Goibniu, Gong Gong, Govannon, Gran Maître, Grand Bois, Guan Yu, Guangchengzi, Gunfled, Gwydion, Hachiman, Hadad, Hakudo Maru, Han Xiang, Hapi, Hapy, Heka , Hemen, Hermanubis, Hermes , Heryshaf, Hoderi, Hongjun Laozu, Hoori, Horus, Houyi, Huang Feihu, Hung Shing, Iah, Ibong Adarna, Iho, Iku-Turso, Ilat, Ilmatar, Ilmatar, Imhotep, Imset, Iron-Crutch Li, Isis, Istar, Isum, Iuno Lucina, Izanagi, Jade Emperor, Jar'Edo Wens, Ji Gong, Julana, Jumala, Jupiter, Juroujin, Kaawan, Kagu-tsuchi, Kalfu, Kalma, Kara Khan, Karakarook, Karei, Kari, Karora, Kerridwen, Khaltesh-Anki, Khepri, Khnum, Khonsu, Kidili, Kini'je, Kitchen God, Kmvum, Kneph, Kōjin, Ksitigarbha, Kui Xing, Kuk, Kumakatok, Kuski-banda, Kuu, Ku'urkil, Lagas, Lan Caihe, Lei Gong, Leizhenzi, Lempo, Ler, Leza, Li Jing , L'inglesou, Llaw Gyffes, Lleu, Loco (loa), Lü Dongbin, Lugal-Amarada, Maahes, Ma-banba-anna, Mademoiselle Charlotte, Maîtresse Délai, Maîtresse Hounon'gon, Maman Brigitte, Mamaragan, Mami, Mamlambo, Manawyddan, Mandulis, Mangar-kunjer-kunja, Marassa Jumeaux, Marduk, Maria Cacao, Maria Makiling, Maria Sinukuan, Marinette, Mars, Marzin, Matet boat, Mawu, Mayari, Mbaba Mwana Waresa, Meditrina, Mehen, Melek, Memetona, Menthu, Merodach, Mider, Mielikki, Min , Molech, Mombu, Morrigu, Mounanchou, Mulu-hursang, Mu-ul-lil, Muzha , Na Tuk Kong, Naam, Nana Buluku, Naunet, Ndyambi, Nebo, Nehebkau, Nergal, Nezha , Nga, Ngai, Nin, Ninib, Ninigi-no-Mikoto, Nin-lil-la, Nin-man, Nio, Nirig, Ni-zu, Njirana, Nogomain, Nuada Argetlam, Numakulla, Num-Torum, Nusku, Nu'tenut, Nyan Kupon, Nyyrikki, Nzambi, Nzame, Odin, Ogma, Ogoun, Ogoun, Ogyrvan, Ohoyamatsumi, Ōkuninushi, Olorun, Omoikane (Shinto), Ops, Osiris, Pa-cha, Pangu, Papa Legba, Peko, Perkele, Persephone, Petbe, Pie (loa), Ple, Pluto, Potina, Ptah, Pugu, Puluga, Pundjel, Pwyll, Qarradu, Qebehsenuef, Qin Shubao, Qingxu Daode Zhenjun, Ra, Raijin, Randeng Daoren, Rauni , Resheph, Rigantona, Robigus, Royal Uncle Cao, Ruwa, Ryūjin, Saa, Sahi, Samas, Sarutahiko, Saturn, Sebek, Seker, Serapis, Sesmu, Shakpana, Shalem, Shangdi, Shango, Sharrab, Shen , Shennong, Shezmu, Shina-Tsu-Hiko, Simbi, Sin, Sirtumu, Sobek, Sobkou, Sōjōbō, Sokk-mimi, Sopdu, Sousson-Pannan, Statilinus, Suijin, Suiren, Suqamunu, Susanoo, Ta Pedn, Tagd, Taiyi Zhenren, Tala, Tam Kung, Tammuz, Tapio, Temaukel, Tenenet, Tengu, Tenjin, Theban Triad, Thoth, Ti Jean Quinto, Ti Malice, Tian, Ti-Jean Petro, Tilmun, Tirawa Atius, Todote, Toko'yoto, Tomam, Tororut, Tu Di Gong, Tu Er Shen, Tuonetar, Tuoni, Ubargisi, Ubilulu, U-dimmer-an-kia, Ueras, Ugayafukiaezu, U-ki, Ukko, UKqili, Umai, U-Mersi, Umvelinqangi, Ungud, Unkulunkulu, Ura-gala, U-sab-sib, Usiququmadevu, U-Tin-dir-ki, U-urugal, Vaisravana, Vaticanus, Vediovis, Vellamo, Venus, Vesta, Wadj-wer, Wen Zhong , Weneg, Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun, Wepwawet, Werethekau, Wollunqua, Wong Tai Sin, Wuluwaid, Xargi, Xaya Iccita, Xevioso, Xuan Wu , Yama, Yau, Yemaja, Youchao, Yuanshi Tianzun, Yuchi Jingde, Yunzhongzi, Zagaga, Zaraqu, Zer-panitu, Zhang Guifang, Zheng Lun, Zhongli Quan, Zhu Rong , Zonget.
It's possible that you think a few of these are real, depending on your background, but the chances are very good that if you were asked about each one: "Do you think that Tauumuz, a Babylonian sun god, is a real, existing being?" you would answer no. Likewise, you probably don't think it is reasonable for you or someone with the beliefs, information, and background that you have to believe that such a being is real.
Leaving aside the question of whether it has ever been reasonable for someone to believe in each one of these beings (it probably was), we can ask these questions: When it comes to making supernatural claims about whether or not a divine being exists, how reliable are humans? In what proportion of the cases where they have asserted that some divine being is real did they get it right? Like our math lab partner, what is their general reliability rating? Do you think that when someone from a particular religious tradition claims that their god is real, they are more likely than not to be correct?
I think the only reasonable lesson to learn from the track record of human religious claims is that we are very prone to make assertions about gods being real that aren't. When someone approaches me with a claim about about the reality of a particular magical being, there's a substantial burden of proof facing them. History has proven that their reliability rating is very low, much lower than our very bad math student. It's not that the failure of all of those gods proves that theirs must be false too. The Christian or Zoarastrian might have gotten the right answer. Every prisoner in the jail vigorously and passionately insists that he's innocent. And some of them might be. But the track record here means that a very high threshold of proof needs to be met in order for the claim to be reasonable for an outsider.
Tuesday, July 14, 2009
How Reliable Are Human Religious Claims?
29 comments:
- Steve Martin said...
Human religious claims are not reliable at all.
That is why God sent Jesus Christ into the world, to effectively put an end to "religion".
Some believe...many do not.
What else is new? - July 14, 2009 at 7:46 PM
- Ketan said...
The problem's every one thinks 'their own' religion and God(s) to be special, and unfortunately through their lives they come to link their individual worth with their religion. So if they've to conclude something negative about 'their own' religion, it'd also mean concluding something negative about themselves, too.
I've discussed this concept in my post called--'Communalism' (<-- link). If you find time, would like to have your comments on the post. I'm not a philosopher/psychologist/sociologist/anthropologist, so you'll certainly find the post quite amateur. :)
But I think, to the extent I've been able to understand, what I mention above is a very strong reason why most of the theists can't give up on concept of God, and also some of the quirky attributes their Gods come to be associated with because they take pride in them.
So typical theists are unlikely to take your argument seriously because they can't take a detached view of their religion and/or God.
TC. - July 15, 2009 at 8:03 AM
- Steve Martin said...
I know exactly how you feel. Before Christ grabbed a hold of me, I felt the same way.
I was baptized as an infant. The Bible says that God gives people forgiveness of sins, life, and salvation in their baptisms.
When I was around 40 years old, faith came to me, and my baptism was complete.
How can this be?
I haven't got a clue.
I just know that it happened. - July 15, 2009 at 4:26 PM
- M. Tully said...
I think you make a good point with regard to the cultural-centrism that is prevalent in most societies (no better example than here in the US).
But then again, wouldn't the "argument from 500 gods" help a theist understand why the argument "from personal revelation" should be discounted.
We have no reason to believe the ancient Greeks and Romans were insincere about their feelings of revelation about Zeus or Athena. Likewise today, I have no reason to doubt the sincerity of an Indian who tells me she has faith in Vishnu because it is revealed in her feelings. But, the fact that she can discount (even though not doubting their sincerity) others' faith in Zeus as a reason to believe Zeus is real, grants warrant to others to discount her personal faith in Vishnu as a reason to believe it as a part of reality.
So to ask her, given the countless followers of 499 gods other than hers, is it reasonable to assume that personal revelation cannot be accepted as admissible evidence?
The only alternate rule of evidence I can see would be to accept all of the gods as part of reality. That would seem to me to be an argument to absurdity made in one statement. - July 15, 2009 at 8:38 PM
- Ketan said...
Thanks M. Tully for the response!
I absolutely understand the point you make about believers of 499 'other' Gods. But the problem with the argument (like so many that reject religious claims) is that it requirers objectivity and unprejudiced view of the argument.
What I've seen practically happen is the person in question will find some or the other (real or imaginary) reasons to hold other believers and their God(s) in contempt, so that she does not 'have' to value their opinion. And if someone were to similarly point out flaws in her God, she'd go in denial, try to anyhow defend her God (afterall, everything she'd know about 'her' God would be mythical), and continue to believe in her God with renewed strength. What this usually does is further her hatred towards people following other religions, and also the one pointing out flaws in her God.
Apart from the said believer wanting to preserve belief in her God, a strong factor that works here is the social conditioning that would have made scrutinizing one's God a taboo, and criticizing, a 'sin'.
In my previous comment I was referring to a 'typical' theist, which of course, I've not defined, but majority (in my experience) tend to respond to atheistic arguments in the way I pointed out above.
Those who're reasonable, anyway, either give up their religion (and turn atheists), or start believing in a more form-less God, who'd be easier to push beyond reproach. For instance, among the educated in India it has become very fashionable to say, "Gods of all are religion are one, and The Bible, The Quran and Geeta--a Hindu scripture, all teach the message of peace, universal love and brotherhood". So again for the latter kind of people, the above argument won't hold because they'd be ready to accept that all the prior generations were collectively wrong in considering their Gods so very anthropomorphic, but that they themselves are now 'broadminded' and 'mature' with regard to God's nature.
I put forth these counter-points only in my attempt to evolve the atheistic arguments further, so that they become more convincing to hardened theists, who usually lack objectivity when it comes to religion.
Take care. - July 15, 2009 at 11:19 PM
- Eric Sotnak said...
Steve Martin wrote:
'Human religious claims are not reliable at all. - That is why God sent Jesus Christ into the world...'
I'm still giggling about this one. Thanks, Steve Martin, even though I suspect that was only unintentionally funny. - July 16, 2009 at 4:38 AM
- M. Tully said...
"What I've seen practically happen is the person in question will find some or the other (real or imaginary) reasons to hold other believers and their God(s) in contempt, so that she does not 'have' to value their opinion."
Good point. It's almost like you need to keep a score card with each individual theist, isn't it?
"No, no, no, remember we already eliminated the personal experience, no contemporary evidence, doesn't match the historical record...fill in the blank argument because you used it to refute X god."
Oh, your point about renewed strength when faced with contrary evidence, perfectly inline with the studies. I have no intention of ever trying to convert a dyed in the wool theist. My mission is to present the evidence as it exists, refute bad arguments in the most effective way I know how, and to honestly answer the questions of the honestly curious.
If in the end a few of the honestly curious are swayed and a few of the dyed in the wool no longer speak as though their world view is the only rational one, and they become very cautious about arrogantly dismissing the great body of knowledge humanity has gathered to date to proclaim their dogma, I'll consider myself hugely successful! - July 16, 2009 at 5:58 PM
- Ketan said...
M. Tully,
Thanks for the clarification. Yes, you're right about trying to sway the more curious and the more objective.
Though I wish the social environment for such arguments were more open.
Also I worry about how the parents who come across atheistic arguments try to 'protect' their children from reason. Also where societies are much more orthodox, such utterances could easily lead to lawful or unlawful execution!
But of course, I value your attempt at making people think with greater rationality.
TC. - July 16, 2009 at 10:36 PM
- Scarecrow said...
Ya "Steve Martin" pegged my irony meter dang near broke it. LOL
- July 18, 2009 at 11:56 AM
- Steve Martin said...
Glad you folks thought it was funny that God wanted to do away with religion (religion being that which humans do to try and ascend to the Divine).
But it is true. Jesus Christ came, was staked to wood, died, and was raised that mankind would be forgiven and by faith (not by anything that we say, do, feel, or think) be justified in the eyes of the Creator.
Laugh it up all you want.
I used to not think too much of Jesus, either, so I understand.
There may come a time (maybe on your deathbed, who knows?) when you will cry out to Him. And He will forgive you, and make you His own. No questions asked.
He will always be there for you. - July 20, 2009 at 6:06 PM
- busterggi said...
Steve, Steve, Steve, substitute Cthulhu for Jesus in all your posts & you've got my experience almost perfectly.
- July 23, 2009 at 5:21 PM
I feel that the spirit of this comic accurately conveys a 'debate' with Steve.
http://www.jesusandmo.net/2009/07/16/seal/ - July 24, 2009 at 4:03 AM
- TheTheist said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- July 27, 2009 at 2:11 PM
- TheTheist said...
The sheer number of postulated Gods, while indeed indicative of confusion, is by no means synonymous with failure. Religion suffers under the same pressures of science and philosophy in so far as it must consistently evolve itself in the face of new realities.
All too often atheists attack religions of old as if this actually invalidates religion in and of itself. If I was to focus only on the science of past ages and then declare that the egregious number of failed theories made science extremely unreliable would I not be making a tremendous mistake? Phlogiston, aether, and other well intentioned but nonetheless erroneous concepts do not invalidate the approaches of science; they simply testify to the long struggle for mastery in the discipline.
Religion in this respect is no different. Many an attempt has been made to recognize, name, and define who God is and it is likewise true that the resultant religions have declared their presentation to be replete and infallible. This however is nothing other than user error. Automobiles are not guilty of crimes committed by drunk drivers; they are merely tools used in an inappropriate way. True religion will always stand apart from the misguided exhortations of its adherents.
Religion is an ever dynamic discipline that continues to change as our relation to the universe around us changes. Indeed some principles will remain but many will be abandoned. I'm sure with enough time we could compose a rather lengthy list of dead scientific theories and expired philosophical ideas but I imagine that these would be trumpeted as benchmarks of achievement: you see how far we've come! Your list of 500 dead gods is no more than just such an example; religion has, and always will, grow. - July 27, 2009 at 2:13 PM
- Ketan said...
The Theist,
You've drawn a good parallel between the evolution of science and religion in face of emerging information about the world around us.
But the problem is when you talk of 'growth' of religion, you're talking of numbers. And when talking of numbers, I'm not sure how many theists actually want their religion to be twisted beyond recognition. Rather, a lot of effort is expended in 'preserving' culture and 'saving' religions. So not everyone seems that ready to allow their religion to evolve. Moreover, religion did not evolve on its own; science made it to, and not the other way round.
And just because religion will continue to grow doesn't necessarily imply anything about its actual value to improvement of mankind. I'm sure, the same could be also said of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus that causes AIDS (that it will continue to grow), and mind you absolutely because of volitional acts by men and despite efforts by scientists to stop its exponential growth. That doesn't necessarily make HIV a good thing for us, does it?
Second, science fulfills certain basic needs--like when you must have had breakfast in the morning or your first meal, it was a product of agriculture--a science. Like the computer which you used to post your reply--it's science. The electricity used to run that computer--yes, you must have guessed it right, it's science. What such role does religion fulfill? - July 27, 2009 at 3:59 PM
Religion growing means its falsifiable. But that would mean God's word is falsifiable. Or its not based on God's word. These are both good reasons to not believe.
- July 27, 2009 at 4:29 PM
- M. Tully said...
"Phlogiston, aether, and other well intentioned but nonetheless erroneous concepts do not invalidate the approaches of science"
Perfectly true. Except you left out the important part; how they were shown to be erroneous. They were falsified by the process of science testing and retesting its own theories, always trying to take them to edge and make them break.
Theologians on the other hand, have bent and changed only when science and public sentiment have forced them.
So, how many religions today are actually rigorously testing their own god hypotheses to see if they will break?
Over the last four hundred years science has consistently improved our understanding of the universe as it exists and has enabled us to make ever more accurate predictions about the future. Religion however can make no such claim.
To conflate the methodologies of science and religion simply because they both have been wrong before is, quite frankly, a thoroughly refuted, erroneous conclusion. - July 27, 2009 at 6:49 PM
- M. Tully said...
"The sheer number of postulated Gods, while indeed indicative of confusion, is by no means synonymous with failure."
Again, it's not the fact that were 499 other gods that most people don't believe in any more, it's the methodology. Personal revelation or non-independently verified nor repeatable reports.
Science faced the same challenge; for centuries the scientific consensus was an object dropped from the mast of moving ship would land aft of the drop point (likewise for a heavy object falling faster than a light one). The idea made sense, the boat moves under the object as it falls. But then empirical methods were tried (of course the answer is obvious, but let's just test it anyway).
And the common consensus was falsified. Over time the observational data method proved itself again and again, to the point that today it is just plain irrational to ignore it.
In the case of the 499 gods, we never see that transition. Theologians today use the same (although the language has been updated) methodology the ancient Greeks did.
Where exactly does one train to become a experimental theologian? - July 27, 2009 at 10:02 PM
- TheTheist said...
It seems there has been a misinterpretation regarding my idea of growth. Numerical increase was not what I had in mind at all. When I speak of religious growth I mean growth of concept, elevation of ideal, release from ritualistic slavery, and so on and so forth. The fact that the size of the religious population has grown is of little importance here.
Also, as regards the majority of theists who do not wish their religion "twisted" and vehemently work to "preserve" such theologies I have only to say: so much the worse for them. Theists do not shape theism, theism shapes theists. Just as the scientist must abandon old theories in light of new discoveries so must the theist abandon old theologies in light of new revelation. This effort to "save" religions is exactly the problem at hand; for too long theism has been hijacked by those who, while well intentioned, inevitably choke the very life out of it.
In regards to science providing the impetus for religious change you are correct, concerning approximately the last 500 years anyways. Against the backdrop of the entire human history however religion has very much grown on its own. Object worship to polytheism to monotheism are just a few of the developments that took place long before evolutionary science, telescopes, and germ analysis. Nonetheless, pressure from the pursuits of science is a welcome development as it ever pushes religion into its respective sphere.
The value of religion is in no way easily explained within the confines of such a short space. Indeed even attempting to write it out in some sense dilutes its potency for religion is more than codes and creeds; it is a living experience. However, it will forever remain the case that religion is the liberator of the human condition. Where science explains the seemingly cold machinations of the material universe religion will imbue it with purpose. Where science declares you a cosmic accident religion will proclaim you a true child of promise. Where science destines you to an inevitable extinction religion will guarantee you an eternal pursuit of ever expanding realities. Where science gives facts, religion gives motivation; motivation born not out of slavish subservience but in conscious recognition of who you truly are. Religion is that ever persistent decree: fear not for you are not alone.
There will no doubt be those who are wont to disregard such as mere wishful thinking. This however is of little consequence. You will never be able to remove the human longing for purpose, for value, for life. Your attempts to supplant the divine message with materialistic sophistries will be in vain. Such hollow philosophies will never, I repeat never, touch humanity with as much force and certainty as the message from within. Just as a child will return to its parent for assurance so will the fundamental religious impulse of humanity ever seek to return to its source.
And now Tully. Tully, Tully, Tully. Once again your response betrays your hasty misappropriation of the matter at hand. Methodology was not the issue under consideration. It was not mentioned in the original posting and hence received no attention in my reply. What was discussed was how antecedent reliability should influence consequent believability. True, methodology and reliability do have an intimate relationship, just not one discussed here. Now before you respond (which I know you will) I want you to do me a favor. Are you ready? First, don't get your panties in a wad, angry people rarely speak intelligently…now take a deep breath…now take another…one more…now focus…read between the lines…and speak accordingly. - July 28, 2009 at 12:37 PM
- Matt McCormick said...
Interesting discussion. Theist has misunderstood my position. But M Tully has straightened out the confusion mostly. The comparison between science and religion here is a gross distortion. In general, unaided human judgment is bad. One should not trust an individual's half baked ideas for medical advice, or car repairs either. But once they've had the benefit of a broad based, empirically tested, aggressively critiqued education that has imparted reliably information to them, then they can be trusted more. What's missing in religion, as Tully points out, is any deliberate attempt to escape the foibles and fancy of human fantasy and restrict belief to those claims that have been vetted, tested, empirically confirmed. Religion makes no such deliberate attempt to transcend the highly unreliable judgment of subjective ideas. Appealing to revelation, or theological navel gazing as Theist does won't help the problem.
But here's another way to come at the problem raised in Theist's posts. Question: If there were a God, would he have the power to reveal his nature and provide us with a reasonable level of justification such that we could believe while being intellectually responsible? If the answer is no, then such a being doesn't have enough power to be worthy of the name God and doesn't deserve the sort of slavish, life consuming attention we're giving him. If the answer is yes, then where is that justification? The vast majority of people, even the devoutly religious, do not think that God's existence is obvious to the extent that people who don't believe or who believe differently are guilty of some obvious, flagrant irrationality. Disbelief and different belief are clearly justifiable given our situation. But if there were the sort of God that many believers insist upon, he'd make belief justifiable and disbelief irrational. So the only reasonable conclusion is that such a being doesn't exist. We can say that it's humanity's conception of God that is growing as he is slowly being revealed to us, as Theist has done. But at some point, it starts sounding like Bigfoot nuts insisting that our conception of Bigfoot is growing and changing in response to criticisms or objections to their claims.
MM - July 28, 2009 at 12:56 PM
- M. Tully said...
"First, don't get your panties in a wad, angry people rarely speak intelligently…now take a deep breath…now take another…one more…now focus…read between the lines…and speak accordingly."
Oh, I'm not angry. Terse is how I respond to poorly thought out analogies.
"However, it will forever remain the case that religion is the liberator of the human condition."
Ever hear of the medieval period? It was only a thousand years long, I could see how you could miss it. So how about yesterday? Muslims conducting "honor" killings of young women. Mothers denying medical treatment to their children in the name of faith. Christians discouraging condom use in areas ravaged by Aids.
For goodness sakes, please don't liberate me! - July 28, 2009 at 6:52 PM
- M. Tully said...
"...religion will GUARANTEE [emphasis mine] you an eternal pursuit of ever expanding realities."
"There will no doubt be those who are wont to disregard such as mere wishful thinking."
I almost can't do this (I have tears coming out of my eyes) but, can you define guarantee? - July 28, 2009 at 7:47 PM
- TheTheist said...
I will readily accept misinterpreting your intention but it seems that I am guilty of such (at least in part) by way of misrepresentation. It is still my contention that your post outlined a reliability to believability relationship and spoke of no issues regarding methodology. Nonetheless I appreciate your clarification and shall end with the quibbling.
The discrepancy between the methodologies of science and religion is nothing new. This however is to be completely expected. It always amazes me when materialists clamor for proof regarding spiritual realities in no other than material form. It would be like me asking a physicist for the introspective insight that proves gravity; a plainly ridiculous request. "Spiritual" reality is no misnomer; it is called such precisely because it is spiritual, not material. The distinction here is very real. The means to acquire material knowledge of the cosmos is not the same as one employs to discover spiritual truth. You will never receive a handful of spirit to examine under a microscope, gaze at God through a telescope, or discover a soul on an operating table. The path to spiritual insight will never be found on the outside; it is and will always remain an inner discovery.
Crying foul will do no good. Your incessant requests for something you can grasp with your physical senses are misguided. Does this make religion a subjective enterprise? Well yes, for the most part it does. But what is not a subjective enterprise? Every discipline is burdened by the fact that its proclamations are always uttered from a confined viewpoint. We are not masters of the universe created with perfect means of discerning that ever illusive absolute truth. What we are is evolutionary beings a mere step up from our animal brethren; conditioned by natural limitations and confined to a finite perspective which renders to us not an understanding of the whole but only that which is partial. Just as a dog will never be able to understand certain aspects of the world around him so will we always remain handicapped by the certain fact that we are limited in our capacities. Do you really believe that science will solve all the mysteries of the universe? Do you really think that a thousand years from now scientists will look back and consider you knowledgeable? The materialist's elevation of their own understanding betrays a rather pitiful arrogance.
Nevertheless it is true that science utilizes sound empirical methods to reveal the nature of material realities whereas religion uses introspective ones; but this only due to the fact that the material pursuits of scientists have to utilize the causality of materialistic functioning as a means of explanation. That is, material inquiries require material explanations. Demanding that the theologian abide by such rules is so misguided as to be laughable. - July 29, 2009 at 2:32 PM
- TheTheist said...
Despite this difference, theism is by no means "unaided" as you so confidently presume. It is literally true that the spirit of God resides within. Just as you have a heart that pumps you have a spirit that ministers. The mere fact that you cannot detect this presence via empirical means in no way negates its presence unless you presuppose all reality to be material. This however is an irreducible principle that in and of itself has no direct evidential support; it is strictly inferential. How does one exactly conclude evidentially that empiricism describes reality in its entirety?
Now it will be readily admitted that religionists have often confused what the true nature of religion should consist in ever embarrassing themselves with claims to questions of an unreligious nature. The arenas of science, philosophy, sociology, politics, and others have been sadly invaded many times by unwise theists. However, just as we are apt to misinterpret another's words or gaze so are we apt to misinterpret the voice of God. Personal prejudice, fears, desires, cultural conditioning, level of education, and so on all interfere in the reception of spiritual insight. But religion is no different than any other discipline or skill in that there is always a range from the genius to the utterly inept; variance in ability is an evolutionary product that cannot be avoided. Atheists continually pick on the weak fully unaware that it is to one advantage only, ours. Far from destroying religion materialism will free it from it chains. Where you break religionists down I will pick them up. You may continue to regard me as a "navel gazer" but I must ask: why should I take advice from a star worshiper?
When it comes to the evolutionary nature of religion, this will ever stand true. The process of revelation may seem long relationally but against the backdrop of infinity it is but a fleeting second. Comparing this with "Bigfoot nuts" revising their conceptions is so flawed I have to imagine you wrote it in haste. I mean come now MM, you are a philosophy professor are you not? Surely you can smell the stench of straw emanating from such a comparison. Conceptions of God are predicated on providing answers to truly perplexing issues: first causes, the desire to live, free will, etc. Conceptions of Bigfoot are predicated on…predicated on…well, not much. God as proposed by theists is an active integral part of the universe; Bigfoot is a hairy man beast. God is an inner reality; Bigfoot is supposed to wander the Pacific Northwest. The two are not equivalent. Religion, as I will continue to state, is a growing discipline and will continue to evolve alongside science and philosophy, all temporary setbacks aside.
Religion has long suffered under a cloud of misconception due to the institutional tendencies of its converts. But doubt not, our revolution is very much on the horizon. Garner your strength, for you will need it. Even now walk theists of such a superb character that they will initiate a transformation of this planet the likes of which has never been known. These theists are on the rise; theists who relish the pursuits of science, ardently pursue philosophy, and ever seek religious revelation. Enjoy your days, for they are numbered.
A few concluding remarks. First, M Tully, I am sorry I did not get to you but honestly, I prefer to engage the herders, not the sheep, no offense. Seriously, I mean it. It's only a metaphor. No offense. Secondly, I have to leave town for some business and hence will not be able to respond to any replies until next week. I will however monitor the blog via my phone. Until next time, the court is yours. - July 29, 2009 at 2:32 PM
- M. Tully said...
"First, M Tully, I am sorry I did not get to you but honestly, I prefer to engage the herders, not the sheep, no offense. Seriously, I mean it. It's only a metaphor. No offense."
No offense taken. I initially attributed your poor argumentation to deception and not a lack of basic understanding. My apologies.
So, let me ask you a straight forward question. You wrote that, "The means to acquire material knowledge of the cosmos is not the same as one employs to discover spiritual truth."
Can you give anyone a good reason to believe that human knowledge - of any kind - occurs without a material brain?
Even the non-evidential intuitive thoughts that we in humanity have, can you demonstrate them without the use of the human brain?
And that is where the apologists for all 500 gods hit the wall. You can only take intuition so far. In the end, you either must argue from the position of reason generated in the human brain, or must concede to not arguing from a position of reason.
To be specific, the materialist can argue that a reasonable person would want to be able to consistently explain the events that have happened in the past and accurately predict events that will happen in the future. It is a very powerful tool to accomplish one's end (whatever that end might be). Human intuition has proven to be quite inferior in that respect. So whether or not there is a supernatural realm, if I want to have the highest probably of answering that question, I would adopt a materialist methodology to determine it.
I believe you now must make a reasonable argument that there are compelling reasons to abandon the most effective method of knowing for another one. Or, alternately defend why being unreasonable is the reasonable way to approach a problem. By the way, an argument from wishful thinking which you were quick to dissociate yourself from, has some merit (I believe it fails but I also I believe I have a burden to demonstrate that one).
Now, the above statements address issues directly related to the topic at hand, so they are a little lengthy. I would however, like to quickly touch on a recurring theme in your replies (it's off topic so I'll be brief).
Your comments about the cold harshness of the material world reveal a deep lack of understanding about the natural universe we live in. It is a big, wondrous, awe inspiring place. It simultaneously gives great feelings of understanding, child-like anticipation of what knowledge we will acquire next and frustration and drive from what we still don't understand. True, the naturalist doesn't then pile on some additional baggage to make it better fit her own wants to be special, but why should she?
Why gild the rose? It doesn't improve its beauty and just adds unnecessary weight.
Finally, I really hope you didn't take offense to my comments about your poor argumentation skills and lack of basic understanding of the universe. Seriously, I mean it. It's only what the evidence demanded that I state. No offense. - July 29, 2009 at 11:34 PM
Wow "the theist" poster seemed to easily refute the OP's argument. Yes, religous views have changed much like scientific views. But does any of this really have an impact on their credibility?
On another note, human testimony must have some validity. After all, it takes human observations in the lab to confirm or deny a causal event. And if anyone has sat around discussing such events they know it can be a debated process as to exactly went on.
I have a hunch that atheist on this board like to compare the physical laws of science with religious claims - alluding that the former is firmly more grounded then the latter. But wouldnt psychological findings be a more appropriate comparison? - August 20, 2009 at 9:11 PM
I've got one word for our religious friends: Irony.
- January 6, 2010 at 12:56 PM
"The discrepancy between the methodologies of science and religion is nothing new. This however is to be completely expected. It always amazes me when materialists clamor for proof regarding spiritual realities in no other than material form. It would be like me asking a physicist for the introspective insight that proves gravity; a plainly ridiculous request. "Spiritual" reality is no misnomer; it is called such precisely because it is spiritual, not material. The distinction here is very real. The means to acquire material knowledge of the cosmos is not the same as one employs to discover spiritual truth. You will never receive a handful of spirit to examine under a microscope, gaze at God through a telescope, or discover a soul on an operating table. The path to spiritual insight will never be found on the outside; it is and will always remain an inner discovery."
Your statement is based on the assumption that "spiritual reality" is indeed real. And you have to prove that.
Humans misinterpret all kinds of things, even "spiritual" events to be sure. The fact that you go to such great lengths to avoid material scrutiny is understandable. - January 6, 2010 at 2:27 PM
- Matt McCormick said...
Thanks for pulling this bit out, anonymous. It brings out a very interesting point. I'm not committed or confining myself to material or empirical methods for acquiring knowledge. But the other extreme is have a gullibility about these subjective, internal feelings and apply no criteria to them to separate the legitimate from the bogus. If there is another method here at all that is being used "internally" to discriminate between reality and fantasy, then by all means I want to know what it is. The problem is that the homeless guy who digs in my trash has lots of powerful, seemingly metaphysical significant ideas springing up in his mind too. The internalist theist has to admit that there needs to be some way to distinguish authentic epiphanies of God and reality from delusions, fantasies, and ideologically driven mistakes. If they have no way to separate them, and just insist that they have some really, really powerful feelings that God is there, what makes their claims any more acceptable to the rest of us than the homeless guy's?
Atheists and non-believers should refuse to accept this changing of the topic from "what are the reasons we have for thinking that there is a supernatural being that exists?" to "science and empiricism aren't the only paths to knowledge." A person is not justified in taking a claim as true merely because it feels like it is to them. Justification requires some way to separate reliable means of access to the truth from the unreliable, especially when we are all inundated with so many unreliable ones. - January 6, 2010 at 9:02 PM


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34"w x 20"d x 30"h; Knee Area: 24"w x 25½"h
Features a convertible drawer
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Our promise is simple. If your furniture fails during normal household use in the lifetime of the original owner due to problems in either the workmanship or material, we'll repair or replace it for free, with the following exceptions:
Cabinet lights, as well as all finishes, fabrics and leather* are warrantied for one year; the moving parts in our wall beds, desk chairs and recliners are warrantied for three years; and, while we fully appreciate the beauty of unfinished furniture, we are unable to extend our warranty to any furniture that's not protected by our exceptional finish.
*Does not apply to damage caused by others or any defects resulting from abuse, alterations or accidents.
This warranty applies only to normal household use determined solely at the discretion of the manufacturer. Liability for consequential property damage is excluded from this warranty.
Once a Warranty issue is confirmed by Simply Amish, it is the responsibility of the original owner to return the piece to their nearest Simply Amish dealer. Simply Amish is not responsible for any transportation costs incurred by the original owner to return the piece to the nearest Simply Amish dealer or redelivery from Simply Amish dealer to the original owner. There is no charge for the cost of Simply Amish picking up the piece from Simply Amish Dealer, repairing warranty issue, and returning to Simply Amish dealer. Simply Amish is sold through independently owned dealers, and Simply Amish has no control over their policy for picking up warranty related items at residences or businesses. This Lifetime Guarantee for workmanship or material cannot be transferred beyond the original owner.
The finish on our furniture is catalyzed varnish and is resistant to water, alcohol, warm dishes, and nail polish remover. You should allow the finish 30 days to cure to reach its full potential of its protective qualities. Solid wood will breathe, expand, and contract with normal temperature and humidity changes. Movement of this nature is normal and will not affect the structural strength or beauty of the furniture. With tables you may even notice a gap in the center of the table or at the ends where the two halves of the top and leaves meet as humidity conditions change. For your comfort, and to protect your solid wood furniture, use a humidifier and/or air conditioner to keep your home's relative humidity around 35%. Avoid placing your furniture directly in front of a heat source such as register, etc. Do not place your furniture in direct sunlight for long periods of time.
If a Simply Amish product has issues not covered under our Lifetime Guarantee, our Returns department will assess the issue, provide a written estimate for the repair, and if work is approved by Simply Amish dealer, pick-up and redeliver the piece needing repair, to the Simply Amish dealer. Under no circumstances will Simply Amish pickup and redeliver to furniture owner. All transportation costs associated with picking up the product from owner's residence and returning to Simply Amish dealer, and redelivery from Simply Amish dealer to owner's residence is the purview of the owner and dealer.
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While shopping for a new or used car, you'll likely consider a vehicle's safety ratings before making your final purchase. After all, an accident can happen at any time. And these ratings help to predict how well you'll be protected in the event of a crash. (The right auto insurance can help, too.)
Maybe you're looking for a car with a five-star safety rating, or one that's been named a TOP SAFETY PICK from the Insurance Institute of Highway Safety. (See what made the list of 2021 TOP SAFETY PICKs.)
Of course, those designations make a vehicle sound like a safe choice. But do you know what they really mean? And have you ever wondered if higher safety ratings result in lower auto insurance rates?
Here's everything you need to know about vehicle crash tests and car safety rankings.
Who Performs Vehicle Crash Tests?
In the United States, two organizations are responsible for gathering and reporting on vehicle crash test data: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS). Both organizations conduct extensive testing to determine the safety of vehicles. The difference: NHTSA is an organization run by the federal government, while the IIHS is a non-profit funded by insurance companies.
How Does NHTSA Rate Vehicle Safety?
NHTSA tests most new vehicles and evaluates them based on a five-star safety ratings program. The more stars a vehicle earns, the better it performed in the organization's tests. The goal is to provide consumers with a simple measure of a vehicle's crash avoidance, protection and rollover safety. As the organization says, "more stars equal safer cars."
To determine its car safety rankings, NHTSA uses four tests:
- Frontal crash test: Used to simulate a head-on collision, this test involves crashing a vehicle directly into a fixed barrier at 35 mph. In doing so, it represents crashes between two similar sized vehicles.
- Side barrier crash test: The test simulates an intersection collision, where a vehicle is hit broadside (or T-boned) by another vehicle. During the test, a stopped car is hit with a 3,015-pound moving barrier on the driver's side at 38.5 mph.
- Side pole crash test: To simulate a crash into a telephone pole, a vehicle is angled at 75 degrees and pulled into a pole near the driver's door at 20 mph.
- Rollover resistance test: More of a calculation than a crash test, this measurement estimates the likelihood a vehicle will tip during a sudden swerve.
How Does IIHS Rate Vehicle Safety?
The IIHS safety ratings use a slightly different system to rank vehicles. Instead of a star rating, the group measures crash test results as good, acceptable, marginal or poor. While they conduct a similar side barrier crash test to NHTSA, their other tests are different. They include:
- Frontal overlap crash tests: While NHTSA crashes vehicles head-on into a large barrier, the IIHS tests simulate a series of front crashes where only part of the vehicle makes contact with the barrier. In the moderate overlap test, a vehicle travels at 40 mph into a barrier only 40% of the vehicle's width, offset at the driver's side. The group also conducts small overlap tests, where the barrier is only 25% of the vehicle's width.
- Roof strength test: This test evaluates the safety of passengers in the event of a rollover by pushing an angled metal plate down into the roof at a slow, constant speed. The force needed to crush the roof is used to calculate the vehicle's strength-to-weight ratio.
- Head restraint and seat tests: According to the IIHS, "neck sprains and strains are the most frequently reported injuries in U.S. auto insurance claims." Testing seats and head restraints allows the organization to determine how well a vehicle will protect occupants from injuries like whiplash. For these tests, the vehicle's seats are removed and fixed to a moving steel sled. The sled is moved to simulate the rapid acceleration and deceleration forces that occur during an accident.
In addition to crash tests, the IIHS also evaluates systems such as the vehicle's headlights, front crash prevention systems and LATCH child seat systems.
One thing to note: None of the tests account for a common mismatch in real-world conditions where a smaller top safety-rated vehicle collides with or is hit by a larger, heavier one like a pickup truck or SUV.
What Do the Car Safety Rankings Mean?
In both the NHTSA and IIHS rating scales, the definition of high and low performance depends on the specific test being conducted. But while uncovering the exact metrics takes some research, the results speak for themselves. According to the IIHS, "a driver of a vehicle rated good in the moderate overlap test is 46% less likely to die in a frontal crash, compared with a driver of a vehicle rated poor." For left-side crash tests, that number jumps to an astonishing 70%.
Generally, a rating of 4 or more NHTSA stars and a "good" or "top" safety rating are recommended by commentators.
What Role Do Crash Test Dummies Play?
When conducting the crash tests used in determining car safety rankings, it's important to evaluate not only the physical damage done to the vehicle, but also the safety of its passengers. That's what crash test dummies are used for. Not to be confused with the '90s Canadian rock band, these life-sized testing devices simulate the damage done to a human body during an accident.
They ride along during vehicle crash tests and are loaded with sensors to measure stress and strain placed on various body parts. Here are some things you might not know about these high-tech mannequins:
- Crash test dummies have a skeleton made of aluminum and steel, and plastic ribs to simulate the human chest.
- A standard dummy can cost up to $400,000.
- The dummy's joints have been designed to simulate the flexibility of human joints, which stretch and bend.
- An average crash test dummy can include up to 80 sensors.
- In addition to computerized data collection, dummies are also painted with grease paint to show where their heads impacted the vehicle.
- Dummies come in a small range of sizes to simulate the impact of a crash on men, women and children.
How Can I Find My Vehicle's Safety Ratings?
Both NHTSA and the IIHS publish the results of their crash tests online. Just visit their respective websites and search for the make and model year of your vehicle to view its crash test results.
Do Crash Test Ratings Affect Your Car Insurance Rates?
While there's no general rule as to how much you'll save, safer vehicles are often less expensive to insure. Meanwhile, some insurers increase premiums for cars that have poor safety records and are more susceptible to damage or occupant injury.
Why Are Crash Tests Important?
Today, cars are safer than they've ever been. And vehicle safety technology continues to evolve. Much of this evolution can be credited to the work of organizations like NHTSA and the IIHS. These groups have pioneered the mainstream adoption of many commonly used safety features, including seat belts, child car seats and airbags.
Want a firsthand look at how much safer cars have become? Check out this video of a 2009 Chevy Malibu crashing into a 1959 Chevy Bel Air.
As newer safety features emerge and cars get "smarter," new test categories will likely be added – but they aren't reflected in ratings yet. Additionally, electric vehicles (which are heavier than traditional gas- and diesel-powered vehicles) are just being incorporated into testing.
Protect Your Safe Haven
From your driver seat settings to the position of the steering wheel and your favorite station on the radio, your car is your safe haven on the road. We want you to feel just as comfortable with your insurance coverage. We customize your protection and service, giving you exactly what you need and nothing you don't. Contact us today to learn more about auto insurance from ERIE.
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Wednesday, October 20, 2010
Winter Rosy Wool Wreath
62 comments:
This wreath is so beautiful -- soft and inviting with bits of sparkle. perfect!
- October 20, 2010 at 9:30 PM
- Cristie said...
Oh it is so pretty! It looks so soft and is perfect for winter. Great job! Have a lovely week.
- October 20, 2010 at 9:36 PM
- Megan Gunyan said...
Beautiful! Love the colors, Ellen! Perfect for Winter!
- October 20, 2010 at 10:58 PM
- Marie@Procrastinating in Pink said...
I love your wreath and the roses! I would love to know how you made your flowers!!
- October 20, 2010 at 11:15 PM
- Heather @ Life Made Lovely said...
ellen, you are so creativ! i always love coming over here because you always have amazing projects going on.
- October 21, 2010 at 12:04 AM
- Terry said...
OMG - your wreath is beautiful! I just bought some of those fuzzy snowflakes at Dollar Tree to make a Christmas mini album but now I'm rethinking my idea...maybe I should just go buy some more of them before their gone! Love your project! I'm your newest follower!
- October 21, 2010 at 6:27 AM
- The Autocrat: Haley said...
Lovin' it! Kinda tired of Halloween anyway! LOL
- October 21, 2010 at 8:39 AM
- Macey at Olivia Renn said...
Love this! Thanks for sharing over at Olivia Renn!
- October 21, 2010 at 8:50 AM
- Ami Allison said...
OH I LOVE THIS!! It's beautiful!!! I am definitely taking some inspiration from this for my winter wreath!! I just posted my very 1st fall wreath! You should go check it out! :)
- October 21, 2010 at 12:23 PM
- Ashley Hasty said...
Oooooo I love love love this! This could quite possibly be my favorite wreath I've ever seen! Really lovely!
I found you on Location Central. I'm from MO, too!
http://ashleyanderic.blogspot.com - October 21, 2010 at 12:50 PM
- Anne K. said...
This is really adorable idea - SUPER way to use leftover bits of sweaters in various stages of refashion!!
- October 21, 2010 at 7:35 PM
- Marina said...
Oh my gosh this is beautiful! I'm featuring this on our blog! Mar @ Justsewsassy.com
- October 21, 2010 at 8:35 PM
- Unknown said...
absolutely BEAUTIFUL! What an inspiration. I think I need several doors so I have several wreaths!
- October 22, 2010 at 7:34 AM
- One Crafty Chick's Creations said...
Love it!
- October 22, 2010 at 8:30 AM
- Tasha said...
Oh, I just Love this wreath! I want to make one in the colors of my living room and hang it year round. Love love. Thank you for always coming and linking up. I love seeing what you are up to!
- October 22, 2010 at 9:50 AM
- Jellybean Junkyard said...
Love this! I'll be featuring it today at:
http://jellybeanjunkyard.wordpress.com - October 22, 2010 at 10:03 AM
- Stephani said...
What a great idea. I love it! Thanks for linking up to Crafty Friday!
- October 22, 2010 at 10:25 AM
- Unknown said...
I like it a lot!Well done!
- October 22, 2010 at 11:20 AM
- Carol, The Answer Is Chocolate said...
This is lovely! Makes me want hot chocolate and to build a snowman.
- October 22, 2010 at 1:14 PM
- rochelle said...
So pretty! What a great idea.
-Rochelle @ http://homesweethomebodies.blogspot.com/ - October 22, 2010 at 1:49 PM
- Krista @ While He Was Napping said...
What a great idea! Very cute! I'd love for you to come link them to my link party this weekend. Hope to see you there.
whilehewasnapping.blogspot.com - October 22, 2010 at 7:02 PM
- emilyc @ Sew Super Sweet said...
So, so pretty! I love the cool blue colors!
Stopping by from Creation Corner.Have a great weekend! - October 22, 2010 at 7:43 PM
Another beautiful wreath! Thanks for linking up to Fantabulous Friday!
- October 22, 2010 at 8:41 PM
- Unknown said...
How cute! Would you be interested in doing on post on making this wreath on my Holiday Traditions blog? I would be happy to add your blog/etsy button to my blog for the season. (bribe)
Let me know! Tina "The Book Lady"
http://holidaytraditionsandmore.blogspot.com - October 22, 2010 at 8:46 PM
- Unknown said...
Almost forgot - I'm following you from Crafty Friday. I'm having a giveaway for Thanksgiving Cards on Holiday Traditions (address above) - don't miss out!
Tina - October 22, 2010 at 8:47 PM
- Amy A said...
Stopping by from Fabulous Friday, I'm so into the rosettes right now, love your wintery take on it!
- October 23, 2010 at 12:05 AM
- michaela hoenigman said...
I love this. You are so creative! Thank you for sharing!
- October 23, 2010 at 1:48 AM
- Sanditerese said...
I love this! It turned out great.
- October 23, 2010 at 9:10 AM
- Jessica said...
This is stunning gorgeous!! I am in love and want one just like it! :)
- October 23, 2010 at 9:53 PM
- Sharon @ Elizabeth & Co. said...
Oh, this is really soft and pretty!
- October 24, 2010 at 7:31 AM
- Jenny @ Simcoe Street said...
www.simcoestreet.blogspot.com - October 24, 2010 at 9:17 AM
- Heather said...
Love it! Beautiful! Looks so soft and warm.
Heather - October 24, 2010 at 8:02 PM
- Michelle said...
Absolutely fabulous...great idea!
- October 24, 2010 at 9:01 PM
- Dorian said...
GORGEOUS! I want one soooo badly!
What's so great is that it would work with any colour combo you like!
Visiting from the girl creative!
dthatssewme.blogspot.com - October 24, 2010 at 9:08 PM
- crafty1 said...
Absolutely beautiful, and i agree that it would be wonderful in any colors. You could vary it based on the season. Fabulous!!
- October 24, 2010 at 11:37 PM
- testing 1 said...
Hi there! Following over from Under The Table And Dreaming! What a great idea for making this a winter wreath, I've seen it mostly as a fall and spring one. I've made a few of the flowers and attached them to hair clips but haven't been brave enough to make a full wreath!
- October 25, 2010 at 12:23 AM
- Shayna @ Texas Monkey said...
Oh wow this is gorgeeous, I want to make them this year for sure. Would love for you to link up with All About You Monday and show them off!
- October 25, 2010 at 9:28 AM
- Suzy Myers said...
Very nice! Love the snowflake add ons! Thanks for linking up to Suzy's Artsy Craftsy Sitcom Commercial break!
suzy - October 25, 2010 at 9:32 AM
- Stacey said...
This is so cute- I love the colors!
- October 25, 2010 at 5:27 PM
- Jen @ EmbellishingLifeEveryday said...
This is so pretty!
http://embellishinglifeeveryday.blogspot.com/ - October 25, 2010 at 5:54 PM
- Linda @ A La Carte said...
What a beautiful wreath! Thank you for sharing!
- October 25, 2010 at 11:18 PM
- Amy Meyer said...
I love the colors! It is so beautiful!
- October 26, 2010 at 8:08 AM
- Yolanda @ Miss Refashionista said...
Love it! Thanks for sharing!
- October 26, 2010 at 8:26 AM
- mle said...
Oh! so lovely!!
- October 26, 2010 at 9:43 AM
Ellen, I can't thank you enough for sharing this project on the Boardwalk Bragfest. I absolutely adore it!
- October 26, 2010 at 1:28 PM
- Cindy Adkins said...
This is totally exquisite, Ellen...I came here by way of Jan at The Bragfest...so nice to meet you...I tried to follow, but it wouldn't work...oh no! I'll try again!!
XO - October 26, 2010 at 5:57 PM
- Melissa said...
Ok,I really wish that I was on you birthday list! I love this idea. Great job. Thanks so much for linking up to Tuesday Tell All again this week.
- October 27, 2010 at 12:47 AM
- shelley said...
wow! this is so cool! i might have to try something like this!
- October 27, 2010 at 1:17 AM
- creativejewishmom/sara said...
beautiful Ellen, thanks so very much for sharing on Craft Schooling Sunday, great to have you join us!
- October 27, 2010 at 5:24 AM
- Blissful & Domestic said...
I love it. It is so beautiful
- October 27, 2010 at 8:48 AM
- Sarah said...
Gorgeous! I'm a fellow Iron Crafter, and I just love your project. Following you now!
- October 27, 2010 at 11:06 AM
- Unknown said...
I really like your wreath! Beautiful, I am sure I have just the right amount of fabric to make one! Great job.
- October 27, 2010 at 10:46 PM
- Lisa said...
You certainly have a winner here! Looks like everyone loves your wreath! I love that it will carry you through the entire winter season. The snowflakes are perfect!
- October 27, 2010 at 11:25 PM
- Suzie said...
Beautiful! We are doing our X-mas deco in blues, white and silver this year. This has really inspired me.
Suzie @
email@example.com - October 28, 2010 at 10:16 AM
- Mandy England said...
This is beautiful! I LOVE it- especially your color combination! :]
- October 28, 2010 at 4:15 PM
- Patty said...
This is so neat! And right up my alley! I'm following you now!
- October 29, 2010 at 9:32 AM
- Shell said...
I love this! The snowflakes really set it off.
- October 29, 2010 at 1:48 PM
this is so pretty! I love it!! If you have time come link up @ Ladybug Blessings Handmade Tuesdays next week! www.ladybug-blessings.com
- October 29, 2010 at 10:14 PM
- Birgit Kerr said...
Gorgeous wreath!! Totally love it! I'll have to make one too! Thank you for the inspiration!
- October 30, 2010 at 10:18 AM
- Unknown said...
Congrats on making the top 10~ Your wreath is beautiful as always.. Thanks for linking up to the Pink Hippo Party and for being my newest follower! (I have been following you for a while!)
- November 2, 2010 at 8:47 AM
- malia said...
Ellen this is so beautiful... you are cracking me up -- "not right" before Halloween. I have been so ready for things that aren't orange and black as much as I love Halloween (-: Hope to see you again tomorrow at A Crafty Soiree
- November 3, 2010 at 8:15 AM
- Christine said...
This is really nice! I love, love working with thrifted wool sweaters, this is a great idea.
- December 28, 2010 at 8:41 AM


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IBM Reaches Multibillion Dollar Outsourcing deal with UniCredit
Armonk, N.Y.-based IBM announced it has reached a 10-year, multibillion dollar outsourcing deal with Italian financial institution UniCredit to create a cloud-based IT infrastructure for the bank.
IBM, which did not release the exact dollar amount of the deal, will transform the IT infrastructure that supports all of UniCredit's commercial and private banking activities in Europe. UniCredit claims it will "gain dramatic efficiency and flexibility with the introduction of new service models and a cloud-based infrastructure for its data centers" as a result of the partnership.
Also, the agreement will include the creation of a joint venture between UniCredit Business Integrated Solutions – the global service company of UniCredit – and IBM, which will have employees in Italy, Germany, Austria, Slovakia, and Czech Republic of both companies. The new company will market and deliver IT infrastructure services not only to UniCredit, but also to other companies and institutions.
IBM and UniCredit will also establish a "Value Creation Center" that will monitor trends in the banking and IT industries and identify emerging disruptive technologies to be rapidly introduced into UniCredit's infrastructure, the company said.
[Related: IBM Signs Deals with Five Kenyan Banks ]
Bryan Yurcan is associate editor for Bank Systems and Technology. He has worked in various editorial capacities for newspapers and magazines for the past 8 years. After beginning his career as a municipal and courts reporter for daily newspapers in upstate New York, Bryan has ... View Full Bio


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5 Mermaids Frolic Fantasy Quilt Block
Free Shipping!
Another beautiful Keepsake Fabrics reproduction fabric block! This is not an iron on transfer but is a vintage print that has been reproduced onto a colorfast, washable cotton fabric. Price varies by size. Please use the drop down menu for your choice of size.
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Please note: The Keepsake Fabrics name is added for copy protection purposes only and will not be on your finished piece.


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Campagnolo Super Record 12x2 Speed Left Lever w/Hydraulic Brake Caliper
New mechanical Ergopower Super Record 12x2 Speed Disc Brake controls: more ergonomic, more precise, more powerful and easier to maintain.
Comfort, control, speed, and responsiveness are some of the main features of a bike's controls, helping keep all situations under control. The new mechanical controls for the Ergopower Super Record 12x2 Speed Disc Brake offer an ergonomic, comfortable and safe support and grip thanks to Vari-Cushion technology, essential for those who stay on the saddle for several hours.
The controls' inner workings are a concentration of technology and experience, starting with the "one lever, one action" function, which assigns each lever a single function, helping avoid shifting errors at tired or distracting moments, and then continue with the multiple shifting option which allows up- or downshifting by up to 5 sprockets at a time thanks to the Ultra-Shift mechanism. This function allows you to maintain cadence even in case of sudden changes of incline or rhythm, with speed and ease as useful as it is surprising.
Further useful features are the levers' adjustability, which, thanks to Reach Adjustment, enable a low grip on the brake lever, helping those with smaller hands; and AMS Adjustment, which enables shifting time modulation, using the dedicated levers.
The Super Record Disc Brake brake levers are engineered with a double curvature for improved grip and are lightened with two slots that are added to the one dedicated to Reach Adjustment.


text:
Gel Nail Color - #177 Summer
Regular price $16.49 Sale price $14.00 Save $2.49Please note this product is final sale. This color will be discontinued
The Roselisa Soak Off Gel Nail Colors are Non-Toxic, Vegan & Cruelty-Free.
Get gorgeous, high-quality nails with our chic range of colors. Whether you're into classic colors or bright hues, you'll find the perfect color for you and your clients with our wide selection. The Roselisa Gel colors are easily applied leaving a sheer finish. Formulated for simple use with your gel lamp, each is long-lasting and chip-resistant lasting up to 3 weeks. For Professional Nail Technicians Only.
TO BE USED WITH: Roselisa Top Coat/Base Coat/Roselisa Gel Builder
LED + UV Lamp
Key Characteristics:
- Non-Toxic,
- Vegan,
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- Over 100 Colors to Choose From,
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- Long-lasting - Up to 3 weeks wear
- Cures in 30-60 Seconds,
- Easy Application,
- Professional Use Only
- 15 ml
How to store:
- Keep product out of direct sunlight,
- Store in a cool, dark place,
- Store upright,
- Wipe after each use,
- Screw cap on tightly after each application,
* Please note colors may look slightly different in person than image *
Measurement Approximation: 3 * 1.2 * 1.2 inches / 8 * 3 * 3 cm
Weight Approximation: 62 g


text:
ICVA 2013 Annual Conference
ICVA is a global network of non-governmental organisations whose mission is to make humanitarian action more principled and effective by working collectively and independently to influence policy and practice.
International Council of Voluntary Agencies NGO Humanitarian Hub, La Voie-Creuse 16, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
A curation of monthly updates, latest news, tools, and events around forced migration, coordination, financing, and cross cutting issues all sent straight to your inbox.
The ICVA is not responsible for the accuracy of the translation.
Content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Switzerland License


text:
EWEA Blog closed indefinitely
Where will wind energy be in 2020?
Wind energy has sailed through stormy waters when it comes to politics in recent years. Since 2009, European governments across the continent have been chopping and changing their support schemes for renewable energies, wind power included, amid an enduring economic crisis. But what has the impact on wind energy been?
Uncertainty has impacted investment plans, new orders and investment decisions already taken in wind energy markets across Europe. But, the crisis has also affected the power sector as a whole, reducing overall demand for power. In fact the European Commission now expects power demand in 2020 to be 11% lower than it did in 2009.
Fortunately the waters are now starting to calm and the wind power sector is seeing a degree of regulatory stability return. But the storm slowed the expected installation rates of the sector, leading EWEA to revise its capacity targets for 2020.
EWEA's new central 2020 scenario envisages 192 GW of wind energy – an increase of 64% compared to today. While this scenario is a reduction on the previous estimate of 230 GW, it will not necessarily undermine the EU's 20% renewable energy by 2020 target. The 20% target is a consumption target, and given that power demand has fallen, the target will be met with fewer installed GWs of wind power. 192 GW of wind energy is predicted to meet 14.9% of the EU's electricity consumption in 2020, slightly down from 15.7% previously envisaged.
Meanwhile, a considerable €124 billion in wind farm investments across the EU is expected by 2020, creating 100,000 additional jobs by 2020.
And yet, there is room for greater expectations: The EU is poised to take a decision on the proposed climate and energy package this autumn which should include a target for renewable energy by 2030. With an ambitious agreement, installations could be higher in markets including Germany, France, Italy and the UK, while markets that came to a virtual stand-still in 2013, such as Spain, could show signs of growth. Offshore, Belgium, Ireland, the UK and Germany, could also show extra growth.
Will Europe's leaders show the ambition to agree to a strong EU climate and energy package that will propel wind energy confidently ahead? Are we are seeing a durable end to the political instability that has surrounded wind energy in recent years?
Top EU journalists join EWEA trip to Portugal
With its staunch commitment to wind energy and calls for an ambitious 2030 renewables target, Portugal represented an ideal European location for EWEA to host its annual press trip in 2014.
We invited journalists from across Europe to showcase the country's renewables industry and push home the case for wind energy in member states.
EWEA, in partnership with our leading members and the Portuguese national association, planned and coordinated a bespoke and exclusive schedule, giving the nine participating reporters a unique and varied insight into Portugal's drive for wind energy.
Highlights of the trip included a dinner, speech and Q&A with Portugal's Energy and Environment Minister Jorge Moreira Da Silva; a visit to an EDPR control centre in the heart of Porto; presentations and a tour of an Enercon rotor blade factor in northern Portugal; a dinner and speech from APREN President Antonio Sa Da Costa and, finally, a boat trip to visit Principle Power's offshore floating wind turbine in the Atlantic Ocean.
Throughout the two-day event, journalists enjoyed in-depth and informative discussions with representatives from EWEA's lead sponsors to ensure they received the full picture of Portugal's burgeoning renewables industry.
This resulted in significant, and above all positive, coverage of Europe's wind industry in the international press in Demark, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, United Kingdom, Italy and Poland.
To date, twenty articles have been published.
Large international gathering attends EWEA's summer reception
EU officials, parliamentarians, high level wind industry professionals, as well as many representatives of renewable energies in Europe lent a buzz to the EU quarter last week at the EWEA summer reception. Europe's energy movers and shakers congregated at 80 rue d'Arlon to discuss the continent's energy future over a cocktail, fine cuisine and lively music.
Philippe Lamberts MEP, the newly elected co-chairman of the Greens group in the European Parliament, opened the event with a moving speech on Europe's future. Many Europeans see changing energy has something that we'll tackle once the economic crisis is over, but an energy revolution now is necessary for the climate and a necessary strategy for energy independence, he stated.
Lamberts said that today we are part of a continent that is looking backwards and not forwards towards finding the solutions that will lead to a sustainable future. The economic crisis has increased distrust; Europe is a continent that is "afraid of itself," he said, adding that the ambitious climate and energy package agreed by EU leaders in 2007 would not have got a majority in today's European Council and Parliament.
We must recognise that "every cent we put in yesterday's industry we cannot put towards tomorrow's industry, an industry that is already delivering results today," he said.
EWEA President Andrew Garrad said that at a time when we are all concerned about security of energy supply, in wind power we have a good answer: "European wind blowing over European land, creating European electricity and European jobs in an industry based in the EU in which the EU is a world leader – that's why we want an EU target of 30% renewable energy by 2030," he said.
EWEA organises a number of successful high level networking events and political debates on topics relating to energy and climate change. Find out about the organisation's lively debate on subsidies to the energy sector, and future events.
Donate to charity? Buy lemon pie? What would you do with €2?
Thomas Becker would buy subscriptions to two more daily newspapers, Lasma Livzeniece would donate to animal shelters in Latvia, and Jason Bickley would treat himself to a slice of lemon meringue pie – what would you do if you knew you had €2 extra a day to spend?
Where does this €2 a day – or €730 a year – per European come from? It's the amount each of us spends on importing fossil fuels into our energy-dependent continent. This money could be better spent!
In the context of Global Wind Day – the day for discovering the power of wind on 15 June – EWEA has launched a campaign "my 2 Euros" asking YOU what you'd rather do with the money governments spend on importing dirty fossil fuels.
Join our campaign to reduce energy dependence by using Instagram, Facebook or Twitter to tell us what YOU would rather do with €2 a day* – or €730 a year! – using the hashtags #my2euros and #GlobalWindDay. Your answers will appear on the campaign page www.globalwindday.org/my2euros. The person who gives us the most creative response will be offered the chance to be interviewed for this blog.
Wind is all around us – wind energy does not have to be imported, it is part of the solution to energy dependency!
From an art exhibition in a wind turbine in Estonia to wind energy seminars in Tehran, Global Wind Day 2014 will see many different events themed around the discovery of wind power around the world. Find out more: www.globalwindday.org


text:
Your Reddit "Cake Day" is the yearly anniversary of when you signed up on Reddit.
It is typically represented by a little cake icon which appears next to your username on Reddit,
and if it's your cake day, other Redditors tend to be more generous with their upvotes!
To find out when someone's cake day is, enter their Reddit.com username and press the "Discover Cake Day" button:
This nifty little tool was brought to you by Tom Chapin.
If you found this site useful, feel free to buy me a coffee!
Copyright © 2012. All Rights Reserved. Disclaimer: This site is not affiliated with Reddit.com in any way. Privacy Policy


text:
Frequently Asked Questions
Dig into some of the most frequently asked questions about internet speeds. If you have questions about specific words, check out our glossary.
- What factors may impact my Speedtest® result?
- What should I do if my internet speed is slow?
- What does changing the Speedtest server do?
- Why aren't there any servers in my area?
- Why am I getting different speeds between my computer and my phone/tablet?
- What speeds do I need for streaming or large downloads?
- What speeds do I need to transfer large files?
- What's an acceptable ping (or latency) for online gaming?
- Is Speedtest owned by an internet service provider?
What factors may impact my Speedtest® result? #
Speedtest measures the speed between your device and a test server, using your device's internet connection. Several factors can impact the speed recorded by a test:
- Devices (phones, tablets, PCs, etc…) can have very different Wi-Fi and cellular radio capabilities. This means you might get one Speedtest result on one device and a different result on another, even using the same provider. Some devices may not be able to measure the full speed of your internet service. It's also possible that your Wi-Fi router doesn't support the full speed of your service.
- Speedtest servers may perform differently. Generally, you will get faster speeds from servers closer to you. We recommend testing to a variety of test servers to get the most complete picture of your speed. Speedtest has the world's largest testing server network, which means you will always have the benefit of testing to a server near your geographic location.
- Other speed testing services use different servers in different locations than Speedtest, so differences in speeds between testing services are not uncommon.
- Browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari, etc…) have different capabilities and may provide different results, particularly on high-speed connections.
What should I do if my internet speed is slow? #
Before you contact your internet service provider (ISP) or mobile carrier, check to see if you're running any ongoing downloads or other programs like video chat that might be hogging your bandwidth. Close those and test again. If your Speedtest result still seems slow, reboot your phone or computer, modem and router. Then make sure that your router does not have any Quality of Service (QOS) features turned on. If that doesn't fix the problem, here are a few more steps you can try.
Contacting your ISP or carrier for help is a good next step after you've gone through these steps. Keep in mind that on higher bandwidth connections (150 Mbps and above), you will need a higher quality router to keep up.
What does changing the Speedtest server do? #
Speedtest offers a network of over 11,000 hosted servers around the globe so that you always have testing options. At the start of a test, Speedtest automatically chooses a nearby server with a fast ping result to measure the maximum potential of your internet connection. You can always change the testing server to a different one than the default selection and we encourage testing to different servers to compare results.
By selecting a new server, you are changing the location or host of the server you are testing your internet connection against. In particular, many sites and streaming services may host their content on servers that are far away from your current location, which could translate to slower speeds and pings from those services.
No matter the server you choose, all tests run on Speedtest reflect the speed of your connection from your current ISP or carrier. Testing to a server hosted by an ISP or carrier does not necessarily tell you how fast your connection would be if you were to sign up for their offered services.
Why aren't there any servers in my area? #
Your computer's firewall or a proxy server might be blocking communication over port 8080, which will limit the number of servers available for testing.
Though our server network is always growing, it's possible that we don't yet have a host in your area. If you'd like to host a Speedtest server, details are on our network page.
Why am I getting different speeds between my computer and my phone/tablet? #
Speedtest is measuring your real-time network connection, so tests taken within a few minutes of each other might vary a little based on network congestion and available bandwidth. If your Speedtest results are significantly different, make sure that you're:
- Testing the same connection. If one device is on Wi-Fi and the other is not, you're testing the speeds of different connections.
- Testing to the same server. Speedtest automatically selects a server to test to based on ping, but you can also select a server to test to.
Also, note that there are large variations in Wi-Fi and cellular radio quality and MIMO stream handling quality between devices. These variations can cause a device to deliver slower test results than another device or computer.
What speeds do I need for streaming or large downloads? #
If you're asking this question, you're already sick of the wheel of constant buffering. To get the best possible performance, you generally want download speeds at least as fast as the following:
What speeds do I need to transfer large files? #
You can transfer large files at any speed; it's more a question of how long that transfer will take. Here are a couple of tables to help you out:
What's an acceptable ping (or latency) for online gaming? #
If you've ever noticed that another player always seems to have the jump on you, that might be because they have a faster ping. Here's a rough guideline:
- Winning: 0-59 ms
- In the game: 60-129 ms
- Struggling: 130-199 ms
- Game over: 200+ ms
Is Speedtest owned by an internet service provider? #
Nope. We're an independently operating subsidiary of Ziff Davis, a digital media company.


text:
Anatomy is inherently three-dimensional, but traditional descriptions of anatomy use a combination of text and 2D images. In this paper, the authors present a detailed study of the cranial musculoskeletal anatomy of the Australian Laughing Kookaburra and show how 3D models (derived from CT scans) can be generated, manipulated and studied, to the greater benefit of researchers. This approach provides considerable advantages which can be applied to a wide range of taxa -
- read article


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Dive into the limitless world of GrandFinity Online, where entertainment transcends all boundaries. Join us for an unforgettable online experience that extends beyond the conventional, offering a digital haven where every click unveils new dimensions of excitement and adventure.
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Price: Low to High
See No Evil is a dark, isometric puzzle game about sound manipulation. A harsh fantasy where the willingly blind are hostile to the nonconformist. Sometimes, the world seems darker with your eyes open.
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text:
The Debian Quality Assurance (QA) Team tries to improve the distribution as a whole, not only a specific set of packages. It also serves as a central place for discussion about distribution-wide problems and improvements regarding quality.
Some tasks we are doing/have done:
- Coordination of mass bug filings and transitions
- Tracking of maintainers Missing In Action (MIA)
- Development of tools such as the Debian Package Tracker and the Developer's Packages Overview
- Constantly running systematic checks on the entire archive and publishing the results at piuparts.debian.org
- Run various checks via UDD, like Lintian
- Mass-bug filing about various problems (of severity important or higher), either detected by piuparts/lintian or by rebuilding the whole archive
- Emergency maintenance of orphaned packages
Most of the interesting stuff is on the qa.debian.org Wiki pages.
If you are interested, don't hesitate to join us, whether you are a Debian Developer or not. There's stuff to do for everybody!