text:
After more than a year of legal wrangling, the city of Dallas has apparently decided enough is enough.
It is sending contractors to an apartment building once lived in by presidential assassin Lee Harvey Oswald to tear the dilapidated structure down.
Oswald, who fired the shots that killed President John F. Kennedy on Nov. 22, 1963, lived with his wife Marina in Apt. No. 2 at 600 Elsbeth St. in the north Oak Cliff neighborhood from November 1962 until March 1963, according to the Dallas Morning News.
For about the last 18 months, the newspaper says, the city has been trying to get property owner Jane Bryant to tear the place down because it's falling apart and is thought to be a threat to public safety.
Today, senior assistant city attorney Andrew Gilbert wrote to Bryant's attorney to say that several deadlines for the work to have been finished have now passed and in the meantime the property's condition has worsened and the building has become "an attractive nuisance to vandals."
So, city-organized wrecking crews are supposed to be on the scene starting today. Their first order of business will be dealing with asbestos that needs to be contained before the walls can come down.
Last month, the Morning News wrote about how Bryant was trying to capitalize on the building's link to infamy. "Many pieces — such as the bathtub, toilet and medicine cabinet — from the Oswald's Apartment No. 2 have been sold and hauled away," it reported. "Bring your hammer, saw, crowbar, strong friends. Anyone and anything to help you take away what you want of what's left. Oh, and bring cash. Bryant is selling the stuff. 'Of course, I'm not going to charge a lot,' she told us."
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


text:
At least 70 percent of America's 30 million elementary school students use computers, according to a recent New York Times article. As a result of this increased usage, doctors of chiropractic are treating more young patients suffering from the effects of working at computer stations that are either designed for adults or poorly designed for children. Many children are already suffering from repetitive motion injuries (RMI) such as carpal tunnel syndrome and chronic pain in the hands, back, neck and shoulders.
A recently published study conducted by a team of researchers from Cornell University found that 40 percent of the elementary school children they studied used computer workstations that put them at postural risk. The remaining 60 percent scored in a range indicating "some concern."
"Emphasis needs to be placed on teaching children how to properly use computer workstations," stated Dr. Scott Bautch, past president of the American Chiropractic Association's Council on Occupational Health. "Poor work habits and computer workstations that don't fit a child's body during the developing years can have harmful physical effects that can last a lifetime. Parents need to be just as concerned about their children's interaction with their computer workstations as they are with any activities that may affect their children's long-term health," added Dr. Bautch.
What can you do?
To reduce the possibility of your child suffering painful and possibly disabling injuries, the American Chiropractic Association (ACA) and its Council on Occupational Health offer the following tips:
- f children and adults in your home share the same computer workstation, make certain that the workstation can be modified for each child's use.
- Position the computer monitor so the top of the screen is at or below the child's eye level. This can be accomplished by taking the computer off its base or stand, or having the child sit on firm pillows or phone books to reach the desired height.
- Make sure the chair at the workstation fits the child correctly. An ergonomic back cushion, pillow or a rolled-up towel can be placed in the small of the child's back for added back support. There should be two inches between the front edge of the seat and the back of the knees. The chair should have arm supports so that elbows are resting within a 70- to 135-degree angle to the computer keyboard.
- Wrists should be held in a neutral position while typing - not angled up or down. The mousing surface should be close to the keyboard so your child doesn't have to reach or hold the arm away from the body.
- The child's knees should be positioned at an approximate 90- to 120-degree angle. To accomplish this angle, feet can be placed on a foot rest, box, stool or similar object.
- Reduce eyestrain by making sure there is adequate lighting and that there is no glare on the monitor screen. Use an antiglare screen if necessary.
- Limit your child's time at the computer and make sure he or she takes periodic stretch breaks during computing time. Stretches can include: clenching hands into fists and moving them in 10 circles inward and 10 circles outward; placing hands in a praying position and squeezing them together for 10 seconds and then pointing them downward and squeezing them together for 10 seconds; spreading fingers apart and then closing them one by one; standing and wrapping arms around the body and turning all the way to the left and then all the way to the right.
- Your child's muscles need adequate hydration to work properly and avoid injury. Encourage your child to drink four 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Carbonated beverages, juices and other sweet drinks are not a substitute.
- Urge your child's school or PTA officials to provide education on correct computer ergonomics and to install ergonomically correct workstations.
"If your child continues to complain of pain and strain from sitting at a computer, see a doctor of chiropractic," urges Dr. Bautch. "A chiropractor can help alleviate your child's pain and help prevent further injury."

subset: commoncrawl


text:
PHP event service works at PHP 5.4+. Couldn't get event to work on a PHP 5.3.10 install.
To get event working (OS X as an example):
1. brew install libevent
2. sudo pecl install event
This is tricky because pecl yields both "event" and "libevent" packages. I was successful with "event" and not "libevent".


text:
Logo-2766Format: EPS, PDF, AI, PSD, Jpeg
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Hello! My name is Tweed, your new best friend. I am a Charlie Bear from the Bag Buddies collection.
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text:
The schedule for the KDE developers room talks at FOSDEM is now online. Our final interview with the speakers is with Scott Wheeler who will be giving a talk titled "KDE 4: Beyond Hierarchical Data, The Desktop as a Searchable Web of Context". FOSDEM is this weekend, see you there.
Please introduce yourself and your role in KDE.
I feel like I've been asked this question enough times that I should have an exciting answer by now. But well, I wrote JuK and TagLib as well as a couple of other small applications in KDE CVS and do some work on a handful of things in kdelibs and elsewhere across KDE.
What kind of search capabilities do you think a modern desktop should have?
Well, I think I'd like to step back a bit first and look a little at the problem — and the problem isn't a lack of a search tool, the problem is that it's hard to find things. Search tool or no, all of the ideas flow from the idea of solving the problem rather than just creating a new tool. So, in a sense, I don't think a modern desktop should have a search tool; I think a modern desktop should make it easy to find stuff — we're then left with how to get there.
And I suppose with all of the buzz around search tools these days people have a much more concrete idea in mind when they hear about searching on the desktop. But such wasn't the case when I started kicking these ideas around a while back. Spotlight was announced a few days after I'd submitted my abstract for the KDE Developer's conference, Beagle was relatively low profile, Google for the Desktop and its successors hadn't entered the scene yet, etc.
So, I think — fundamentally "what sort of search should the desktop have" is almost the wrong question. "How should we make it easier to work with the data we accumulate on the desktop?" is closer to the right question. I think search is just part of the answer.
Where did the idea of integrating a search capability throughout KDE come from?
Well, a few things actually. It mostly came from not being able to find things and asking some fundamental questions about how we organize and access information on the desktop. The first step — and this is tied up with the first part of the name of both this talk (which is related to the one that I gave at Linux Bangalore) and the one at the KDE conference this summer — is that hierarchical interfaces simply don't make sense in a lot of cases.
When I started looking around for examples of how this had played out in other domains of information, the most obvious example was the World Wide Web, where we've already moved from hierarchical interfaces to search based interfaces. It seemed logical that we could learn from that metaphor.
On the technical side of things I'd just written the listview search line class (used in JuK) that's now fairly prevalent in KDE that makes filtering of information in lists much easier, so that played into things too.
What do you think of other search tools such as GNOME's Beagle and Google's Desktop Search?
Well, they're fundamentally different in scope. Again, right now the term "desktop search" actually means something; that wasn't really true when I started working on these ideas this summer. So while there are some things in common, they're really pretty different approaches.
Beagle, Spotlight, Google for the Desktop, and their relatives are more interested in static indexing and search through that information. That's kind of where I was at conceptually early this summer when I coded the first mock-up. Since then however the ideas have moved on quite a bit and I think we've actually got something rather more interesting up our proverbial sleeves. (I should note however that I think the Beagle group is doing fine work, but it's something pretty different from what I'm interested in.)
The first difference is that this is a framework, not a tool. Beagle has some elements of this, but it's still not integrated into the core of the desktop. Google for the Desktop is mostly just a standalone tool from what I know of it. Honestly I think it's really below the level of innovation that I tend to expect from Google.
What we're now looking for in the KDE 4 infrastructure is a general way of linking information and storing contextual information — that information can come from meta-data, usage patterns, explicit relationships and a host of other places.
There won't be a single interface to this set of contextual information; we'll provide some basic APIs for accessing the components in KDE applications, but we're quite interested in seeing what application authors will think to do with it. Really I think they'll surprise us.
We're looking at everything from reorganizing KControl to make search and related items and usage patterns more prevalent to annotating mails or documents with notes to reworking file dialogs. Really the scope is pretty broad.
Do you think Free Software solutions from KDE and GNOME can compete with the likes of Google and Microsoft?
Sure. I mean — I don't think the ability to compete with commercial players is significantly different with desktop search than it is with other components of the desktop. And honestly I think we've kind of got a head start here.
Has there been any progress on planning or coding search into KDE yet? Is anyone helping you? What problems are you facing?
There have been a number of cycles through some API and database design sketches. But right now we tend to write code and as soon as it's done we've realized the flaws in it and start rewriting. This will probably continue for a while, but I think we'll be able to have something pretty useful in KDE 4.
There are a number of folks involved in discussion of these issues from various sub-projects inside of KDE. Thusfar it's been mostly myself and Aaron Seigo banging on the API, but others have contributed to the discussions.
I think the biggest problem that we're dealing with is moving from the abstract set of ideas that we're working with into real APIs — trying to keep things general enough to stay as extensible as we'd like them to be, but not so lofty that they're convoluted and useless.
What technologies do you plan on using, e.g. which database?
Well, we've gravitated towards Postgres, but mostly because of licensing. Other than that, well, uhm, we're using Qt. The Qt 4 SQL API seems much improved, so I've kind of been mentally stalling on really finishing up the current code until I can just work with that since otherwise everything would just have to be rewritten in a few weeks.
Is the KDE search tool likely to be cross desktop compatible so we could have a common base with Gnome?
Well, again, this really isn't about a "KDE search tool" -- and the chances of it being GNOME compatible out of the box aren't particularly high. That said, as the data store will just be a Postgres database and ideally we won't have to use too many complex serialized types, there wouldn't be a reason that a GNOME frontend couldn't be written. But generally speaking I'd like to get the technology laid down and then see if we can convince others to adopt it rather than the other way around.
What does the project need most now?
Time. And I mean that in a few ways — we need time to finish fleshing out the ideas, time to let the stuff mature inside of KDE and well, the couple of us working on it could use more time for such. But really as most of the framework for things like metadata collection and whatnot are already inside of KDE this won't be a huge project from the framework side. What will take a good while will be porting over applications to use it where appropriate.
Is it possible to create a video of the KDE-related presentations?, unfortunately I'm not able to go to fosdem, but I'm very interested in the presentations.
Have anyone looked at Derby.
It is licensed under Apache license, Ansi SQL, portable (pure java), has a small footprint and is supposedly very easy to use. So it seems to fit the bill perfectly.
Has anyone of you had a look at the Java search framework Lucene (http://lucene.apache.org/java/docs/index.html) and its C++ port, CLucene (http://sourceforge.net/projects/clucene/), in particular?
Lucene is an excellent, sophisticated and yet easily usable framework for indexing and searching. It might be usable as is or for inspiration only.
Definitely agreed. Also note that Beagle uses a C# port of Lucene. Lucene's index format is well documented, and there are also ports to languages like Python (http://pylucene.osafoundation.org). It supports a
flexible query syntax, and support for many natural languages. I think the best choice KDE could do is choose Lucene as index format.
Lucene is a fine tool -- and CLucene as well and something that I've looked at, but part of what I was trying to indicate in the interview is that we're not working on a "search tool" -- search is just one of the things that we'll be using it for. Lucene is well set up for static document indexing, but isn't particularly useful for a graph based contextual web.
This is kind of a problem right now that we didn't have when these ideas were hatched -- people have ideas in mind for what "desktop search" is and that's not really what we're working on. The questions even kind of indicated that -- if I'd done an interview on this stuff last June or so the questions would have been very different because that was before all of this stuff kind of burst onto the main stream.
KDE already has a plugin based metadata layer, extending that to where it can extract the needed information is likely the direction that things will move.
And what is it all about? A kind of dashboard?
I think it's only gonna be an API available to every apps. So if you're writing a dashboard app you could use the API in it or if you're writing a mediaplayer u could use the API for your playlist etc... it's nor a tool neither a software, just some API usable by any KDE app.
Scott's talk at aKademy
"Beyond Hierarchical Data: Search and Meta Data as Fundamental Interface Elements"
http://conference2004.kde.org/sched-devconf.php (Slides, Transcript, Audio, Video)
Do you do the discussion on some particular mailing list or do you have some place where you show the current drafts (wiki?) or is a proof of concept already available in one of the numerous kdenonbeta modules?
I'd think catching all the metadata kfile reads out for ages already would be an excellent start. ;)
does this mean we'll all need a full installation of postgreSQL ? isn't that a bit heavy? why not sqlite or mysql (i know that they're GPL (not sure about sqlite)but they're faster and lighter than postgres which is great but maybe a bit too much). Just because MS is going to use some kind of reworked sqlserver with winfs on longhorn doesn't mean we should do the same with postgres :)
I'm surprised too, sqlite is very small and is in public domain license.
Well, Postgres is the third database that I've tried. I did the original mockup prior to the KDE conference this summer with SQLite and the performance for the type of queries that we're doing was so bad that it simply isn't an option. Also SQLite is really only designed to be used from a single process, so we'd have to implement locking and multi-user access in a daemon on top of it, which, well, at that point you're just implementing a database server, really, but without the performance of more robust databases.
So I then ported that mockup to MySQL, which performs fine, but is GPL'ed rather than LGPL'ed. As performance is similar for MySQL and Postgres, but Postgres has more flexible licensing (i.e. suitable for use in things linked to kdelibs) Postgres wins there.
WinFS is something completely different. It's what's called an Attribute Value System or object database -- and it's only being used for "My Documents", not the complete FS. What we're working on isn't something that's going to replace parts of the FS, it will supplement it with contextual information.
Have you ever tried FirebordSQL? It's a true database server, ACID compliant, multiplatform, license is a modified versions of the Mozilla Public License (so unfortunatly no pure GPL), takes relly few resources and is developed by an active community:
"Firebird is a relational database offering many ANSI SQL-99 features that runs on Linux, Windows, and a variety of Unix platforms. Firebird offers excellent concurrency, high performance, and powerful language support for stored procedures and triggers"
MPL isn't GPL compatible; there's not even a reason to look further. We're going to have to use the client libraries for these databases.
I don't see any reason not to use Postgres; there are loads of ways that all of this could be done, but the datastore is the boring part and Postgres fits our requirements. I don't really see a reason to look further at the moment.
Err, that was me. Konqueror is having fun with my cookies.
cookies are nice :D
I've never heard of problems with FirebirdSQL and GPL, since you have to connect with the database, not include his code. Maybe their "modified" MPL is modified enought to be able to interface with GPL programs ;) But I'm not a lawyer.
I was replying to your message about PostgresSQL vs MySQL, and I'm sure you will be surprised on Firebird performances, low footprint, high stability, low manteniance needs, etc..
So mine was just a suggestion, since if you "don't see any reason not to use Postgres", I don't see any reason to use Postgres instead of Firebird ;)
So would be great if you could have a look also at Firebird :)
Well, I'd assume the client libraries for FirebirdSQL are in MPL as well. You do have to link againist those.
Well, I use Firebird and, at the moment, my program is in Delphi under Windows, so I'm not an expert and I don't know what "client libraries" you need.
I know, for instance, that JCA/JDBC Driver:
is distributed free of charge under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).
I don't know about ODBC/JDBC Driver
or ADO.NET Data Provider
but probably the license is included in the package you can download.
In any case, if you visit the main site I suggest you http://www.firebirdsql.org/ probably you can understand more and better.
Thanks again
So KDE is going to choose a database that is LGPL because of licensing restrictions from using a straight GPL'ed database when we use a GPL'ed toolkit to do EVERYTHING related to Qt? I hope this is not really the case because it would seem to lend credibility to the Gnome-huggers who say that KDE is worthless as a general purpose business desktop because QT is GPL'ed and not LGPL'ed. If we can use QT in KDE why not MySQL? Don't get me wrong, I don't have a problem with Postgres, I just hate to see KDE use the same argument against something that has been leveled against us.
(See http://www.equi4.com/mkdocs.html)
It seems to support most of the usual relational operators without the yuckiness (quoting differences, various conventions for parameters, non-standard syntax, etc.) of SQL.
There also seems to be support for concurrent reading and writing (maybe only 1 writer at a time, I'm not sure) and it looks quite mature.
Please stop listing existing databases.
I'm sure that Scott and Aaron know that there are many DBs out there.
We're using in akregator now. metakit is very good.
as an embedded database it looks good. but we don't need an embedded database, we need a database that can be accessed simultaneously and, preferably, over a network. the TODO list for this project is already big enough without adding "write a scalable RDBMS" ;)
once the first edition is out using an external RDBMS then perhaps all the data storage fans can swoop in with their super dooper file systems and coolio ultra-tiny database-like engines and experiment/optimize that area of the software.
but it's not the interesting nor a critical part of the project. =)
maybe u could make the data storage part "pluginable" so that developpers could easily implement different db backend à la kexi or even like that damn amarok while you could focus on the postgresql part :)
Oh well, please stay with Postgres and don't give a flying fart on those wanting sqlite or some java based db. Very good choice!
hey scott!
we (amarok) have dealed with quite all sqlite issues you could imagine ;-)
so, let me assure you, that i still believe it could be used, but some simple things have to be done:
a) you can set a threadsafe variable in the Makefile. this will help improve the situation!
b) why not use a singleton interface for searching? this way you can take care of the locking easily. if you need code: look at collectiondb.cpp/.h in amarok/src. there is even a connection pool n everything. that is also useful for other db interfaces, even though i dunno what qsql offers wrt this issue.
c) most sqlite issues can be easily solved by setting proper indices. when you do that, sqlite is barely slower than mysql. although, one must admit that there are more situations where sqlite is not able to use an index at all.
anyways, mysql or postgresql is to have imho. reconsider sqlite! it's worth the little hassle.
"anyways, mysql or postgresql is to heavy imho. reconsider sqlite! it's worth the little hassle."
s/have/heavy ;-)
> we (amarok) have dealed with quite all sqlite issues you could imagine
Honestly I doubt it. amaroK is a very simple application (in database terms) relative to what we're working on. A music player with a couple MB of data is a very different beast trying to store and query graphs in a database that may easily grow to a few hundred MB.
> why not use a singleton interface for searching?
Because that's only useful for one process.
> most sqlite issues can be easily solved by setting proper indices
Not for heavy use of cross table selects on interrelated values. I literally had several queries that took 15 minutes on SQLite that were done in less than 1-2 seconds on PGSQL or MySQL. And that was just on a 10 MB test database. I'm not saying that the limitations of SQLite couldn't possibly be worked around, I'm just saying that there's no compelling reason to work around them when there are better databases available that already solve these problems.
SQLite also locks the entire database on write, which just isn't acceptable in a tool used frequently by multiple processes.
Basically, as Aaron already said -- it might be possible to work around all of the issues with SQLite. But in the end we'd just be implementing the features that other databases already provide and we'd need a daemon process anyway to handle communication with it, which, well, makes no sense.
I'd rather like to see Amarok integrate in such a new framework, instead that every application has it's own db. E.g. to access covers and the correspoding metadata with Digikam, without having to add a new album in digikam and the metadata stored twice.
If it would be possible to specify something like "apply on amarok:covers which are smaller than (x,y), jpegs and greenish, pipe result to ,[...]", without having joe user to think about what the hell he is doing... ;)
SQLite would be really great.
Would it be possible to specify a list of directories to be indexed/monitored with the option to recurse through the directory structure and make it available for searches by other users.?
I would have /home/bryan, and mark it recursive and hidden
As root I would add /usr/share/music (all my oggs etc., shared between users), and mark it as recursive and visible to all.
Other users do the same. The list of public search folders is stored in /etc/indexeddirs. Each person's private list is stored in ~/.indexeddirs. For each directory have a sqlite DB in the root of that directory called .dirindex.sqlite or something.
Then when someone does a a search, open and concatentate the private list (~/.indexeddirs) and the public list (/etc/indexeddirs), open all the directories, and search through each?
That might be a bit much though, I don't know the specifics of search. Is this being developed using Qt4 or KDE/Qt. It'd be cool if the backend was developed using Qt4, so it would be a nice small dependency that other projects could use.
SQLite is the way to go, small, fast, the Right Thing for this task
> small,
yes, it is small. pgsql isn't exactly huge however. the postgresql system isn't very large. the rpms on SUSE are ~10MB (includes the docs, stored procedure language and what not) and it's memory usage is also pretty good. we're not talking 100s or even dozens of MB of ram.
> fast,
not for the types of queries that are required.
and, as Scott mentioned above, this needs to support multi-process access which means locking and the whole bit. sqlite is great for the purposes it was intended for; this isn't one of them. =)
There are some issues with using SQLite which I think Scott has gone over above. For what SQLite does it is very, very good, but probably not what they're looking for for the purpose of this.
However, if you've ever built KDE you'll know just how many other projects KDE depends on. Postgres is actually small-fry compared to the total.
I really don't care what database backend an application uses, but it would be nice if I didn't have to run 5 different DB servers in the background just to use KDE.
This is a very valid point... kdelibs requiring a database (which it sounds like it will be doing) will make things a lot easier for a variety of KDE programs that currently have to come with packaged with sqlite.
> but it would be nice if I didn't have to run 5 different DB servers in the
> background just to use KDE
i don't think you will. at most you may have to run one, and even that may well turn out to be optional (at the cost of the features that rely on it).
While my first reaction was, "*Groan*, WhyTF do I need to run a DB server on my PC just to have a good desktop experience", I think this is a good decision. Modern systems will not be loaded excessively by a Postgres server running in the background, and the payoff would be *much* more than worth it.
But I do wish it could all be independent of the actual database used. Or at least give a choice between 2-3 popular databases. Maybe eventually, closer to productization, when such pragmatic issues are more important.
just thinking...
I know that using reiser4 should probably not be a requirement to using the !"search tool", but would it make sense to create a reiser4 plugin to be used with your ideas? Maybe you could store some information not in the database, but right with the files. One could argue that this is where the information belongs: in the filesystem.
IIRC, Hans Reiser said that whenever you use a database, its because of the shortcomings of your filesystem, and the now-released reiser4 is supposed to fix that.
i think kernel devs wants to implement some of reiser4 unique functionalities into the kernel vfs so that other fs can use them and people won't be forced to use reiser4 but that ain't gonna happen anytime soon so I guess we have to wait. I wonder if we'll get it before winfs :) (the real winfs, not the one that will come next year with longhorn).
> but would it make sense to create a reiser4 plugin to be used with your ideas
seeing as our time is not exactly limitless, i don't think doing two implementations with different storage designs is realistic, especially when very, very few people have the target data storage mechanism (reiser 4 file system) available to them. this is meant to be a practical project rather than a research topic.
> One could argue that this is where the information belongs: in the filesystem
yes, that's a viable argument given that the information you are indexing/linking exists in the filesystem in the first place. this assumption isn't universally true, however. not only is a lot of our data dynamically generated on demand these days, there's also a lot of data that is implied by our usage forming context that isn't a "document" or even necessarily very suitable for storage as a "file" on disk.
trivial example: how would you store a personal annotation of a web page in a filesystem based approach?
if we wish to more than just index and search local data, it becomes apparent that the file system is not the catch-all locus of our information anymore.
well, I'd probably store all annotations in C:\Progra~1\Common~1\Annota~1\HSDS6SB.TMP\ddf7d6s7.txt
I guess you're right :)
Dude, you almost made me pee my pants. lol
> trivial example: how would you store a personal annotation of a web
> page in a filesystem based approach?
The direction that Reiser is heading is towards a general filesystem/retrival system. Kind of a mix of a traditional filesystem plus a database, while being very flexible and 'plastic' (i.e. you wouldn't have to define a fixed schema before you could use it). Searching using partial chunks of info being a big part it. Basically you could build and search almost arbitrary data-structures (on disk). A traditional Unix style filesystem is just one thing that you could make using this kind of system, but much more would be possible.
Read, (and try to get your head around, it's hard!), the Future Vision paper at:
> The direction that Reiser is heading is towards a general
> filesystem/retrival system
yes, it's a very interesting and ambitious goal, one Oracle failed at in the 90s, though for market reasons rather than technical ones.
> Basically you could build and search almost arbitrary
> data-structures (on disk)
of course, and we're using an RDBMS to do exactly that at the moment. the reason that a file system doesn't offer anything (featurewise) above what the RDBMS does to make it more attractive is that not everything in the necessary "arbitrary data structures" refer/link to things that are local or even storable (e.g. time).
it's much more practical and reasonable to require people to installed 10MB of software that provides a database engine than it is to require them to reformat their disks and migrate all their data over. Reiser isn't even available for all the platforms KDE runs on. this removes it as a potential target for a practical tool, though it would make a really cool target for a research project.
i do think that applications will drive the success of Reiser4, however. and once we have tools such as what we are building, i wouldn't be surprised if someone worked the storage layer to oprtionally use Reiser4 to produce something smaller and more performant. at that point there's a real motivator to use these kinds of file systems that goes beyond the theoretical, at which point they become interesting from the point of view of "off the shelf" software users and manufacturers.
> Read, (and try to get your head around, it's hard!),
> the Future Vision paper at:
i have =) fun stuff... i've been watching Reiser's project for some years now with great interest.
Frankly, I believe that SQL databases in general may not be the best solution for this problem.
Some years ago, I was one of the investigators into a potential application in which we benchmarked various database solutions. The "post-relational" databases of which the old Pick system was progenitor had performance many times that of the relational ones.
In case you are unaware of it, these databases comply with all but one of the Codd and Date's Rules of Normalization--the first, that every item must be "unique and atomic." In other words, a single record could store an entire table.
Consider the common introduction to relational databases in which a video rental store is used. One table contains the individual customer records, with a unique customer number. Another table contains the rental records, with one column containing the customer ID numbers. To get a look at rental history for a given customer, then, a join must be performed in which the rental table is searched with each rental by the given customer's ID being extracted to build the list.
In a Pick-style database, the individual rental info can be stored directly int he customer table. Extracting rental info merely means looking up that customer record and viewing the ever-expanding rental list. No joins, far less memory, and much more speed!
Another possibility might be a datastore similar to the "Titanium" database of Micro Data Base Systems. In that one, many-to-many relations can be directly mapped as selected by the programmer. This results in a well-written program having even more performance yet.
In our tests, the Pick style database ran about 25 times faster than the then-current SQL databases; the Titanium engine about 40 times faster and with much lower system overhead.
In short, the only advantage I see for an SQL system is the large number of tools available for them.
:: One could argue that this is where the information belongs: in the filesystem.
The problem is, KDE targets the nebulous "Unix" as a goal. POSIX does not define much (are ACLs even defined as a standard, or are they an optional part of the standard?).
:: IIRC, Hans Reiser said that whenever you use a database, its because of the shortcomings of your filesystem, and the now-released reiser4 is supposed to fix that.
I agree so wholeheartedly it is difficult to express with words. I think a rich filesystem that is used by apps is as revolutionary as the desktop metaphor. But I also think that KDE is right not to make such a fundamental requirement. As an *optional* way of storing data, on the other hand...
Not to mention that a rich filesystem plus an advanced code rights system (a la jail) will result in a very secure, powerful and stable system - far more abuse tolerant and flexible than has ever been commonly available ("Open all the attachments you want - they run fine, anything they change rolls back, and they can't send Spam").
> I think a rich filesystem that is used by apps
you hit the nail on the head: it has to be used by applications. if no applications use it, it's a theoretically cool idea with no real world benefits and becomes an unimportant interesting footnote in computing history.
this is why instead of targeting a unique storage system or creating one application/tool, we're creating a system that will allow any (and hopefully as close to "all" as possible) application to easily take advantage of these paradigms.
the location of the storage, filesystem or database or clay tablet, is an implementation detail with implications for performance and ease of implementation only. it's the application APIs that matter, and which are also missing. to analogize, Reiser and RDBMS's are like X Window: low level technologies that provides a means to accomplish the task (with varying degrees of success); things like what this interview is about are like Qt: a layer that makes application development leveraging the possibilities of the platforms possible.
innovation is not just the creation of a new idea, it's the implementation of that new idea in the marketplace.
Reiser4 as is won't fix a lot, except for more efficient storage of small files maybe. If you want to add a plugin for reiser4 you have to recompile your kernel. If you want other people to use it, you have to distribute a kernel patch. If you want to reach a broad audience in finite time you better put another layer on top of the FS to get things done.
I have started playing with reiser4 a while ago to write a plugin to enumerate changed files fast and reliably. But even if I find the time to get it done some day, it would still be hard to make people use it, at least with reiser4's notion of a plugin. If you want to introduce features which completely redefine a filesystem.. what can I say.. good luck?
but if this was an option in KDE 4.0, the Gentoo guys will start using and testing it, then Suse and Lindows (ReiserFS4 sponsors) will test and maybe start using it, and others will follow...
thanx to the gentoo users we don't have much to do with the chicken-and-egg problem, they love new things (me as debian user does so, too, but its easier with gentoo to try them).


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This is WEEKEND EDITION from NPR News, I'm Scott Simon. The remnants of Hurricane Isaac have now moved north, dumping heavy rain in Arkansas and Missouri. In Louisiana and Mississippi, it will take many weeks - if not months - to clean up the mess from the flooding and torrential downpours. As NPR's Russell Lewis reports, residents there are taking things kind of in stride, even as they need to rebuild yet again.
RUSSELL LEWIS, BYLINE: A full three days after Isaac blasted ashore in Waveland, Mississippi, the surf was still churning.
LEWIS: Three-foot waves crash over the seawall, sending a spray of water high into the air. Normally, the Gulf of Mexico here is as smooth as glass. Waveland, Mississippi is no stranger to monster storms. Seven years ago, the eye of Hurricane Katrina hit, bringing with it a three-story-tall storm surge which obliterated everything for miles. Some people rebuilt, others left town.
LEWIS: And then, like today, some people face that same dilemma. Not far from Waveland is a fishing community called Lakeshore. It's peaceful, quiet. Canals cut through the marshy bayous. Houses on this spit of land are all new and all built on stilts. But Mike Cramer says it's not a new community.
MIKE CRAMER: When we came back from Katrina, there was nothing. This whole street, there was not one residence left, not anything. Nothing but slabs. So, it was nothing. So, this time was really good compared to that.
LEWIS: It took Cramer and his wife Mary four years to decide whether to rebuild after Katrina. Yesterday, they were back at their elevated home which had minimal damage.
CRAMER: A lot of people's thoughts were there wouldn't be another storm like for 35 years. Which we didn't have another Katrina, but the real bad storms had not come that often in the past. You had Betsy and then you had Camille and you had Katrina, and they were pretty far apart. But might be getting a little closer together now, I don't know.
LEWIS: The biggest inconvenience from Isaac for the Cramers has been a lack of electricity, but that was about to change as power crews drove onto his block.
CRAMER: Man, we're glad to see you.
JAMES TERRELL: How you doing?
CRAMER: Good, good. How you doing?
TERRELL: Good.
CRAMER: Could have been a lot worse.
TERRELL: Let's see if we can get y'all some power.
CRAMER: Well, good.
TERRELL: Is there any way you can get a hold of your neighbors?
LEWIS: James Terrell said it wouldn't take long to get the power restored. He understands why people keep coming back to the water's edge. Terrell's only lived in Louisiana and Mississippi.
TERRELL: Most people grew up here. They love it. They used to it. That's their way of life and they love it. You know, you got the water, fishing. It's a nice area to fish and hunt. And it's just hard to get away from it when you do it all your life.
LEWIS: There's something about this place in Mississippi. People love this land and the culture. Still, Terrell says, as bad as Isaac was for some...
TERRELL: You can't let it overwhelm you. You just do what you can. Life's always a struggle, you just do the best you can.
LEWIS: For those who live here along the coast, he says, they'll get by. Russell Lewis, NPR News, Gulfport, Mississippi. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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One of our nation's founding fathers, Benjamin Franklin, famously said, "By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail."
This mantra is especially true when you get behind the wheel. So to make sure you're prepared for anything life may throw your way, here's a list of 20 essential items you should always keep in your car. And best of all: each is readily available for under $20!
Essential Items to Keep In Your Car
- Flashlight: If you're ever stranded after sunset, you'll appreciate having a light source available that's not your smartphone. A flashlight is handy in plenty of situations, from looking under the hood to searching for something that's rolled underneath a seat.
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- Tire pressure gauge: Maintaining the correct tire pressure in your vehicle has plenty of benefits – from improving gas mileage to promoting even tire wear. Experts recommend you check your tire pressure once a month and before long road trips. Keep a tire pressure gauge in your glovebox, and you can follow that advice with ease.
- Wiper fluid: Visibility is one of the most important factors of safe driving. To help keep your windshield clear, make sure your wiper fluid tank is topped off. And keep an extra bottle in the car so you're prepared in the event you run low.
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- Fire extinguisher: A small fire from an oil leak or electrical short can quickly send your entire car up in flames. Having a fire extinguisher handy can help protect you and your family by putting out the blaze – while potentially saving your vehicle from becoming a total loss. Learn more in our ultimate guide to fire extinguishers.
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- Roadside flares: If you're ever stuck on the side of the road, it's important to alert other drivers to your presence. Roadside flares can accomplish that job – day or night.
- Blanket: What would happen if you run out of gas during the winter or get stuck in a snowbank? With a blanket, you can stay warm until help arrives.
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- Phone charger: We rely on our smartphones for everything from phone calls and text messages to navigation and touchless payments. Keeping a charger in the car helps ensure you'll never be caught with a dead phone.
- Paper towels: Life can get messy. In the event you spill a cup of coffee or get greasy hands from checking your engine oil level, a roll of paper towels can save the day.
- Umbrella: Weather can be unpredictable. But keeping a small travel umbrella in your vehicle means you'll never be caught out in the rain.
- Escape tool: This multipurpose tool can quickly get you to safety if you ever get trapped in your vehicle. The small pointed hammer allows you to break the safety glass in your car's windows, while the cutting tool is designed to slice through seat belts.
- Hand sanitizer: A bottle of sanitizer will get rid of any germs you may have picked up while pumping gas or buying groceries. And it's especially important in the age of COVID-19.
- Glove box organizer: Stop frantically searching through the glove box for your registration and proof of insurance. A glove box organizer will help you keep all your documents in one place. Even better? With the Erie Insurance mobile app, you can view and share policy documents (including your ID card1 and declaration page) anytime.
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One reason the world is not yet running out of oil and gas is that energy companies keep finding ways to extract those resources from more and more difficult places, including far under the ocean. Royal Dutch Shell announced plans, yesterday, for the world's deepest offshore floating oil and gas facility.
NPR's Debbie Elliott reports.
DEBBIE ELLIOTT, BYLINE: Shell calls its ultra-deepwater project a milestone. It will be nearly two miles beneath the surface of the Gulf of Mexico, off Louisiana, testing the bounds of the oil and gas industry's capability to drill ever deeper.
Lauren Payne is an analyst with the energy research firm Wood Mackenzie.
LAUREN PAYNE: This decision represents the industry's history of moving the technological frontier forward.
ELLIOTT: The Shell facility will be further offshore, and about twice as deep as BP's disastrous well that blew three years ago. It took months to quell that undersea gusher, in part because of the inherent difficulties and risks associated with drilling for oil so deep under the sea.
Still, deepwater exploration has picked up since the Obama administration lifted a moratorium imposed in the wake of the BP disaster.
Payne says there are about three dozen deepwater rigs operating in the Gulf right now, and she expects even more.
PAYNE: You see continued investment in these parts of the Gulf of Mexico because there is an understanding that there is a lot of potential in that area.
ELLIOTT: Shell's announcement comes as industry leaders are in Houston for the Offshore Technology Conference - a showcase that includes drilling safety innovations.
Debbie Elliott, NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Updated 10:10 PM ET
SINGAPORE An Indian woman who was gang-raped and beaten on a bus in New Delhi died Saturday at a Singapore hospital, after her ordeal galvanized Indians to demand greater protection for women from sexual violence that impacts thousands of them every day.
Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said he was aware of the emotions the attack has stirred and that it was up to all Indians to ensure that the young woman's death will not have been in vain.
The victim "passed away peacefully" with her family and officials of the Indian Embassy by her side, Dr. Kevin Loh, the chief executive of Mount Elizabeth hospital, said in a statement.
After 10 days at a hospital in New Delhi, the Indian capital, the woman was brought Thursday to Mount Elizabeth hospital, which specializes in multi-organ transplants. Loh said the woman had been in extremely critical condition since Thursday, and by late Friday her condition had taken a turn for the worse, with her vital signs deteriorating.
"Despite all efforts by a team of eight specialists in Mount Elizabeth Hospital to keep her stable, her condition continued to deteriorate over these two days," Loh said. "She had suffered from severe organ failure following serious injuries to her body and brain. She was courageous in fighting for her life for so long against the odds but the trauma to her body was too severe for her to overcome."
The woman and a male friend, who have not been identified, were traveling on a bus in New Delhi after watching a film on the evening of Dec. 16 when they were attacked by six men who raped her. The men also beat the couple and inserted an iron rod into the woman's body, resulting in severe organ damage. Both were then stripped and thrown off the bus, according to police.
Indian police have arrested six people in connection with the attack, which left the victim with severe internal injuries, a lung infection and brain damage. She also suffered from a heart attack while in the hospital in India.
Indian High Commissioner, or ambassador, T.C.A. Raghavan told reporters that the scale of the injuries the woman suffered was "very grave" and in the end "proved too much."
He said arrangements were being made to take her body back to India.
The frightening nature of the crime shocked Indians, who have come out in the thousands for almost daily demonstrations. Indian television channels said security had been tightened in New Delhi on Saturday in anticipation of more protests following the woman's death.
The protesters are demanding stronger protection for women and the death penalty for rape, which is now punishable by a maximum of life imprisonment. Women face daily harassment across India, ranging from catcalls on the streets, groping and touching in public transport to rape.
Singh said he understands the angry reaction to the attack and hopes all Indians will work together to make appropriate changes.
"These are perfectly understandable reactions from a young India and an India that genuinely desires change," the prime minister said in a statement Saturday. "It would be a true homage to her memory if we are able to channel these emotions and energies into a constructive course of action."
He said the government was examining the penalties for crimes such as rape "to enhance the safety and security of women."
"I hope that the entire political class and civil society will set aside narrow sectional interests and agendas to help us all reach the end that we all desire making India a demonstrably better and safer place for women to live in," Singh said.
Mamta Sharma, head of the state-run National Commission for Women, said the "time has come for strict laws" to stop violence against women. "The society has to change its mindset to end crimes against women," she said.
The tragedy has forced India to confront the reality that sexually assaulted women are often blamed for the crime, which forces them to keep quiet and not report it to authorities for fear of exposing their families to ridicule. Also, police often refuse to accept complaints from those who are courageous enough to report the rapes, and the rare prosecutions that reach courts drag on for years.
Indian attitudes toward rape are so entrenched that even politicians and opinion makers have often suggested that women should not go out at night or wear clothes that might be seen provocative.
On Friday, Abhijit Mukherjee, a national lawmaker and the son of India's president, apologized for calling the protesters "highly dented and painted" women who go from discos to demonstrations.
"I tender my unconditional apology to all the people whose sentiments got hurt," he told NDTV news.
Several Indian celebrities reacted with sadness Saturday over the woman's death. Bollywood superstar Amitabh Bachchan tweeted, "Her body has passed away, but her soul shall forever stir our hearts."
Separately, authorities in Punjab state took action Thursday when an 18-year-old woman killed herself by drinking poison a month after she told police she was gang-raped.
State authorities suspended one police officer and fired two others on accusations they delayed investigating and taking action in the case. The three accused in the rape were only arrested Thursday night, a month after the crime was reported.
"This is a very sensitive crime, I have taken it very seriously," said Paramjit Singh Gill, a top police officer in the city of Patiala.
The Press Trust of India reported that the woman was raped Nov. 13 and reported the attack to police Nov. 27. But police harassed the girl, asked her embarrassing questions and took no action against the accused, PTI reported, citing police sources.
Authorities in the eastern state of Chhattisgarh also suspended a police officer on accusations he refused to register a rape complaint from a woman who said she had been attacked by a driver.


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Movements in retail prices of goods and services commonly purchased by metropolitan wage and salary earner households. The goods and services are divided into the following groups: food; clothing; housing; household equipment and operation; transportation; tobacco and alcohol; health and personal care; recreation and education. Indexes for each of these groups and for `All Groups' are published for each of the State capitals, Canberra and Darwin and for the weighted average of the eight capital cities. Details are also shown for about 50 sub-groups and special series, for the weighted average of the eight capital cities. Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window. |


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9. Using Microphones
Mixxx can work with any microphone that can be plugged into your audio interface. There are three ways to use microphones with Mixxx, each with their own pros and cons:
Software Monitoring: Cheapest and simplest to set up, but you cannot hear yourself without a disorienting delay, referred to as «latency».
Direct Monitoring: Recommended for most users. This is the cheapest to set up with good sound quality and without the latency of software monitoring.
Hardware Mixers: Most expensive option to set up with high sound quality. This does not have the latency of software monitoring.
USB microphones are not recommended. These devices have their own audio interface built in and can only be used with software monitoring. Some USB microphones have headphone jacks for direct monitoring, but the music from Mixxx cannot be heard in this headphone jack. Also, they can be difficult to configure at the same time as a different audio interface for music output.
Veja também
The Mixxx DJ Hardware Guide lists specific audio interfaces with information about their prices, features, and suitability for use with microphones.
9.1. Software Monitoring
Software monitoring can be used with the built-in microphone on a laptop or with a headset plugged into the built-in audio interface on a computer. However, there is a delay between the time you make sound into the microphone and hear it in the main output. Due to the nature of digital audio, it takes time for input from the audio interface to be available for Mixxx to process, time for Mixxx to process the audio, and more time to send the audio back out the audio interface. This time is referred to as «latency».
Mixxx can be configured to run at low latencies by choosing a smaller Audio Buffer, but there is no way to completely eliminate latency. Although latency is measured in milliseconds, even a few milliseconds of latency can be disorienting and distracting to hear, whether you are using the microphone for spoken announcements, vocals, or playing a musical instrument.
To use software monitoring:
.Select the Input tab.
For Microphone 1, select the audio interface that your microphone is plugged into.
Click the Apply button.
Click the OK button.
Click the Mics button in the main Mixxx window to show the microphone controls.
Click the Talk button when you are using the microphone.
If you would prefer to not hear the microphone input, you can set the Microphone Monitor Mode option to Direct monitor (recording and broadcasting only). This will still mix the microphone input with your recorded and broadcasted mixes, but it will not mix the microphone with the main output. Don't forget to press the Talk button when using the microphone if you use this option.
9.2. Direct Monitoring
An audio interface with direct monitoring and a Loopback Input is the recommended way to use microphones with Mixxx for most users. Except for audio interfaces built into computers, most audio interfaces with microphone inputs support direct monitoring. However, not all audio interfaces that support direct monitoring also have a loopback input.
Direct monitoring routes the audio from the audio interface's inputs directly its outputs. This avoids the latency of sending it into the computer and back out with Software Monitoring. At the same time, the audio interface sends the input into the computer so Mixxx can record and broadcast it.
Loopback Input
Some audio interfaces that support Direct Monitoring have a loopback input feature. They add Mixxx's output to the microphone signal before sending it to the computer. This makes it easier to set up Mixxx with direct monitoring than configuring Latency Compensation.
To configure Mixxx with a loopback input:
.Click the Input tab.
Select the audio interface for the Record/Broadcast input. Do not configure anything for the Microphone 1-4 inputs.
Click the Apply button.
Click the OK button.
Activate direct monitoring and loopback on your audio interface.
Adjust the microphone volume with the input gain knob on your audio interface.
The microphone controls in Mixxx will not affect your microphones because they are mixed by the audio interface and not sent directly to Mixxx.
Latency Compensation
When using Direct Monitoring, you will hear the microphone mixed with the music from Mixxx without any noticeable latency. However, it still takes time for Mixxx to receive the microphone signal and process it. Without compensating for this latency or using a Loopback Input, the microphone inputs will be out of time relative to the music in your recorded and broadcasted mixes.
Mixxx can compensate for this timing misalignment, but it is complicated to set up. If you do not want to record your microphone into your mix or broadcast, you can activate direct monitoring on your audio interface without configuring latency compensation.
Measuring Round Trip Latency
To configure Mixxx to compensate for input latency while using direct monitoring, first you must measure the round trip latency of your setup. The round trip latency is different from the size of the Audio Buffer configured in Mixxx. It is the amount of time it takes for audio to make a complete trip from your audio interface's input, through your computer, and back out the audio interface.
Mixxx cannot calculate the round trip latency because it depends on details of your audio interface's hardware, your operating system, your audio interface's driver, and other factors in your computer's hardware. The round trip latency can only be found by measuring it. To do this, use a physical cable to connect the audio interface's output to its input. Then, use a third party program to measure the round trip latency. These programs are recommended on each OS:
GNU/Linux: jack_iodelay
Windows: RTL Utility
macOS: Audacity
You must use the same sample rate and audio buffer size in the measurement program as you do in Mixxx for the measurement to be accurate. If you decide to change the sample rate or buffer size you use with Mixxx, you will need to remeasure your round trip latency to have your microphone inputs aligned in your recorded and broadcasted mixes.
Make sure direct monitoring is not activated on your audio interface while you are measuring the round trip latency or you will not get an accurate measurement.
Configuring Latency Compensation
Before opening Mixxx, measure the round trip latency.
Open Mixxx.
.Click the Input tab.
Select the audio interface input(s) for the Microphone 1-4 inputs. Select a single mono channel for each Microphone input unless you are using stereo microphones.
For the Microphone Monitor Mode option, select Direct monitor (recording and broadcasting only).
Enter the measured round trip latency in milliseconds for the Microphone Latency Compensation option.
Click the Apply button.
Click the OK button.
Click the Mics button in the main Mixxx window to show the microphone controls.
Click the Talk button when you are using the microphone.
Adjust the microphone volume with the input gain knob on your audio interface. Do not adjust the microphone gain in Mixxx. If you do, the relative volume of the mics and music will be different in your recorded and broadcasted mixes compared to what you hear out of your audio interface.
Mixxx will not record or broadcast your microphone if the Talk button is not active. However, you will still hear the microphone in your main output because the microphone is mixed by your audio interface, not Mixxx. You may leave the Talk button on to ensure you do not forget it, but this will record and broadcast background noise when you are not actively using the microphone. If your microphone has an on/off switch on it, you may leave the Talk button enabled in Mixxx and use the switch on the microphone to avoid adding background noise to your mix. Alternatively, you can adjust the input gain on your audio interface throughout your mix.
Activating Direct Monitoring And Loopback On The Audio Interface
General tips for activating direct monitoring and loopback are described below. However, every audio interface is different, so refer to the audio interface manual from the manufacturer for more details.
On stand-alone audio interfaces, there is often a knob on the device that controls direct monitoring. This knob crossfades the audio interface's output between the signal from the computer and the directly monitored inputs. If your audio interface has a knob like this, set the knob to the center. Alternatively, some audio interfaces have a switch to toggle direct monitoring instead of a knob.
To hear mono microphone inputs on both sides of the stereo output with direct monitoring, you typically need to toggle a switch on the device.
If the audio interface supports Loopback Input, that may be activated by a switch on the device.
Audio interfaces with lots of inputs and outputs often have a control panel program provided by the manufacturer that is installed automatically with the driver. This may be used instead of knobs and switches on the hardware to control direct monitoring, loopback, stereo/mono switches, and other audio interface features. On GNU/Linux, you might be able to access these controls with alsamixer.
Refer to the section below for details about DJ Controllers With Microphone Inputs.
9.3. Hardware Mixers
Mixxx can be used with a microphone plugged into an external hardware mixer. This does not have the problem with latency that happens with Software Monitoring. However, it is generally recommended to use an audio interface that supports Direct Monitoring and a Loopback Input instead of an external mixer. If you are using Controle por Vinil and a microphone, you may need an external mixer.
Mixxx can send each deck to separate stereo channels on an external mixer by using the Deck 1-4 outputs. This requires an audio interface with at least 4 output channels (2 stereo pairs). Audio interfaces built into computers only have one stereo output and they do not have high sound quality. Thus, another audio interface is recommended. Audio interfaces with at least 4 output channels typically have microphone inputs and support Direct Monitoring, so there is no need for the external mixer.
However, audio interfaces with phono preamplifiers for Controle por Vinil do not have microphone inputs. If you want to use vinyl control with a microphone, it is recommended to plug the microphone into a DJ mixer.
Some mixers that are not designed for DJing have a built-in USB audio interface. However, the audio interfaces in these mixers typically send only 2 channels (one stereo pair) to the mixer, so they are not recommended.
Recording And Broadcasting With An External Hardware Mixer
To record or broadcast with an external hardware mixer, the output of the mixer needs to be connected to the input of an audio interface. Most DJ mixers have an extra output for this which may be labeled «record», «session», «auxiliary», or «booth». Some audio interfaces for vinyl control have enough input channels to receive the output of the mixer and timecode from two turntables. If yours does not, you may use the input of the audio interface built into your computer, but these do not have high sound quality.
Alternatively, some DJ mixers have a built-in USB audio interface. These have inputs with phono preamplifiers for vinyl control and usually can send the record output back to the computer without a separate audio interface. Many (but not all) of these mixers are digital mixers, so they can send signals back and forth to Mixxx without converting them to analog. This results in higher sound quality for your recorded and broadcasted mixes compared to using a separate audio interface with an external mixer.
To configure Mixxx for using a hardware mixer for recording and/or broadcasting:
.In the Output tab, select the audio interface for the Deck 1-2 outputs (and Deck 3-4 outputs if your audio interface and mixer support 4 decks).
Click the Input tab.
For the Record/Broadcast input, select the audio interface connected to the mixer's output. For mixers with a built-in USB audio interface, refer to the mixer manufacturer's manual to find which channels of the mixer's audio interface send the record output.
If you are using vinyl control, select the audio interface connected to the turntables for the Vinyl Control 1-4 inputs.
Click the Apply button.
Click the OK button.
Do not configure anything for the Microphone 1-4 inputs when using an external mixer. The microphone controls in Mixxx will not affect your microphones because the microphone is mixed by the external mixer.
DJ mixers typically do not supply phantom power required for condenser microphones. Stand-alone audio interfaces typically do supply phantom power.
9.4. DJ Controllers With Microphone Inputs
DJ controllers with microphone inputs typically mix the microphone input with the main output without sending it to the computer. This does not have the problem with latency that happens with Software Monitoring. However, many cheap DJ controllers do not digitize the signal to make it available to the computer. Refer to the controller's page on the Mixxx wiki or the manual from the controller manufacturer for details about your particular controller.
If the controller does not digitize the microphone input, you cannot use Mixxx's microphone input to record or broadcast with the microphone using Mixxx's Microphone 1-4 inputs. It is still possible to record and broadcast the microphone by connecting the booth output of the controller to an audio interface input and configuring this for Mixxx's Record/Broadcast input. If the controller does not have a booth output, a Y splitter cable can be used on each side of the stereo main output to connect the main output to both the speakers and to another audio interface's input.
DJ controllers typically do not supply phantom power required for condenser microphones. Stand-alone audio interfaces typically do supply phantom power.
9.5. Microphone Ducking
Microphone ducking is a technique to improve the audibility of speech by reducing the volume of background music while a voice signal is recorded by the microphone and allows listeners to hear the voice more clearly and consistently. While using Mixxx with a microphone, you might want the music to automatically fade into the background each time you speak, or you might prefer lowering the volume of the music to a specific level. Microphone ducking helps you achieve this. The music will "duck" out of the way of the microphone audio.
The Strength knob adjusts the microphone talkover ducking strength and its behaviour depends on any of the Microphone talkover modes described below. Clicking on the Auto button will switch it to any of three modes:
Off: When you speak through the microphone, the music volume does not reduce.
Auto: When you speak through the microphone, the music volume will be reduced when Mixxx detects your voice. You can adjust the amount by which the volume is automatically reduced with the Strength knob.
Manual:In this mode, the music will play at the volume set by the Strength knob whenever the microphone Talk button is active, regardless of the volume coming through the microphone input. When you speak through your microphone, set the volume to which the music should reduce by turning the Strength knob to a level that suits you. When you disable Talk mode, the music will return to the regular volume
To set the Ducking volume correctly, you can use manual mode to adjust the knob to your taste and then set to auto when happy.


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Landforms, Rocks & Soil Learning Center, Grades 3-5
This complete, easy-to-use learning center is perfect for learning essential grade appropriate science skills. Designed for either teacher directed instruction or independent learning working in groups of 2-4 students, the learning center covers a grade appropriate curriculum-aligned science topic or skill making it perfect for differentiated instruction.This ready-to-go learning center, allows students of varying abilities to work independently or cooperatively — students can use them in the classroom, after-school programs, or even at home for test preparation or practice and review! Enough materials are provided for up to 4 students and are a snap to set up and store in the pouch provided for years of use!
To use, students first review and complete the Visual Learning Guide and then form groups of up to 4 students to assess and/or reinforce their understanding of the topic by playing the Curriculum Mastery Game®.
The Living & Nonliving Things Learning Center provides materials for 4 students and includes:.
1 Curriculum Mastery Game featuring:
• 1 Set of 30 illustrated self-checking question cards
• 1 Laminated double-sided game board & game pieces for up to 4 players
4 Visual Learning Guides focused on the same topic.
Each "Write-On/Wipe-Off" Visual learning guide is 11" x 17", laminated and consists of four-pages which include self-directed readings, easy-to-follow illustrated explanations, guiding questions, graphic organizers and assessment review questions.
Packed in a zippered storage pouch.
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mkESA is an open source program for constructing enhanced suffix arrays (ESAs) from biological sequence data. The program is based on our implementation of Manzini's lightweight Deep-Shallow algorithm [1], which can also utilize multiple CPUs/cores for some extra speed-up. The generated output is compatible with the output of mkvtree from the Vmatch package written by Stefan Kurtz.
mkESA is freely available under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2 or higher. Try our download page.


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56" Double Vanity, Wall Mount, 4 Drawers with Soft Close, Black, Serie Dune by VALENZUELA
- DIMENSIONS Width 55-1/8 x Height: 18-1/8 x Depth: 18-1/8 Inches.
- Vanity Cabinet with 4 Drawers with Handles and Kubic Solid Surface Sink with mounting Hardware.
- Bathroom Faucets, Vanity Cabinet Legs, Matching Bathroom Mirrors, Bathroom Mirror Light Fixtures, Pop Up Drain and Side Cabinets are sold separately.
- DESIGN Made in Spain, our Modern European Design, offers metal drawers that comes with self closing slides and soft close.
- MATERIAL The Solid Surface Sink integrates the sink bowl with the countertop to provide a clean simple fixture that does the task. Otherwise, the cabinet is made of MDF with engineered wood made from composite wood pieces and fibers.
- PICTURES showing only diversity of colors and not the current size of the part listed.
With an experience of over 35 years as a manufacturer and wholesaler of bathroom furniture and it has one of the most advanced production systems. Located in Barcelona , with facilities of over 25.000m2 available that allow you to meet any challenge you proposed, both nationally and internationally. Thanks to that and know-how , Valenzuela manufactures bathroom furniture contemporary design with quality finishes and very competitive prices.
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Valenzuela, following lines market, also offers a wide range of possibilities for decorating the bathroom, furniture, countertops, fixtures, mirrors, shelves and accessories. And with experience in the manufacture of bathroom furniture, on the organizational and versatility in production, Valenzuela Industries has a comparative advantage , thus providing greater added value in all its products.
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Cleaning Instructions
Dust or wipe clean with a cloth dampened with water once a week. Be sure not to leave water spots on the surface. These water spots will dry and could possibly leave permanent marks.
Clean stains/spots using the following steps: Dampen a soft cloth with a mixture of hot water and liquid dishwashing detergent. Wring the cloth as much as possible to remove excess liquid. Rub the surface lightly in a circular motion. Dry the surface immediately with a clean, soft towel.


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Mehandi Powder in India
Looking for Mehandi Powder in India? Ishar Dass Amir Chand is one of the biggest henna cultivators in India. Since the foundation, we have been working on the same objective of improving our products, technologies and quality to ensure that our customers always get the best from us. Our grip on the right resources and the support of experienced manpower always helps us to sail through the challenging circumstances faced by the manufacturing, testing and final dispatch process.
Leading Mehandi Powder in India
If you are searching for Mehandi Powder in India, Ishar Dass Amir Chand is right place for buying henna. We are the best Mehandi Powder in India. Our company has more than 60 years of experience in the field. We offer the best product that one can use for hair color.
Interested clients, who are looking for Mehandi Powder in India, feel free to send enquiries. We are just a few steps away from you and happy to serve you.
Benefits of Henna:
Henna is a natural product and there is no specific procedure that needs to be followed with regards to the application. Other being used to color the hair, henna is used as a natural conditioner in India as well as out of India. The henna application is known for multiple benefits,
Henna application is known to cool the scalp. When henna is used with products containing antimicrobial properties, it can help improve the health of the scalp and also help in fighting off conditions like dandruff.
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Due to the removal of excess oil and unclogging of follicles through the application of henna, hair fall is reduced and healthy growth of hair is further enhanced.
When the pH levels of the hair scalp are maintained, they further ensure that the hair cuticles are sealed. Sealing of the hair cuticles makes the hair more lustrous and also improves the elasticity of the hair.
Due to the benefits of Henna, it is recommended that the henna pack be used once every month. The regular use of henna pack not only ensures that your hair colored and the grays covered, but it also helps boost the health of the scalp and promotes hair growth. If you just want to use henna for its advantages and not for the color, then its recommended that the henna pack is not left overnight.
In addition to all these benefits, there are other indirect advantages of using henna. It is known to help regulate blood pressure and also uses to bring down the body temperature of the body in case of fever and is further known to be a headache reliever. There are many other benefits when it comes to the uses of henna. The use of henna can prove to be extremely beneficial for the mind, hair, and body.


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Looking for a local source of wholesale produce and other foods direct from the farms, orchards, dairies ranches and producers in Canada? Just select your area in the list or map below.
And if you know of one I missed and want to add it or correct the information, please let me know! There are affiliate links on this page. Read our disclosure policy to learn more.
July In the U.S. fall and winter crops like winter squash and apples are still available, but remember, you often need to make bulk orders a season (or 2 ) in advance. So, right now, orders for Spring crops are being taken.
Click one of these areas (or click on the map further down this page)


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Smarter Flooring Mount Druitt pride ourselves on providing the highest quality concrete floor finishes in Mount Druitt. As a dedicated flooring company we aim to achieve the utmost customer satisfaction by providing all aspects of concrete polishing, grinding and cutting services, serving residents and business owners across Sydney Metro areas . We are recognized in Sydney as a high quality flooring specialist with experience and expertise and excel in performance and skill with advanced techniques and state of the art equipment providing quality workmanship and affordable prices.
All our work is backed by the Australian Industry Standard.
Polished Concrete is great for:
What is Polished Concrete?
You'd be surprised to hear how many people that call us don't know what polished concrete is. Basically, polished concrete is the end result of step-by-step continuous grinding of the concrete. Using a combination of different diamond grit levels the concrete surface is polished six to eight times.
Concrete is not considered polished unless it is grinded above 400grit. Depending on the desired gloss level, it is usually finished between 800 and 3000 grit.
Polished concrete floors are very popular especially in the Mount Druitt area as they are considered one of the toughest flooring finishes. Unlike carpet and timber, polished concrete floors can endure oil and chemical spills, weathering, as well as heavy foot and vehicle traffic.
We always add a layer of protection against, spills, dirt & mould a concrete sealer can be applied to the polished concrete surface. The three main types of concrete sealers used to protect polished concrete are: water based , epoxy or polyurethane sealers.
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Some samples of Polished Concrete work.
Note: the Inspire Church example is Acid stained – after it has been polished.
How do I get a quote?
Simply fill in the form on the right and someone will call you within the day to arrange an on site quote for you in Mount Druitt. We will do a measure up, explain the process in detail and discuss the finish you're after.
As a rough price for around 40m2, you're looking at a price of around $60-90/sqm depending on the desired finish.