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TheHorse.com Community Policy
The TheHorse.com Community is a forum for people to share and discuss articles and other content published by The Horse; on our websites and our branded social media channels. We strive to maintain the TheHorse.com Community as a place to participate in open, thoughtful, and productive dialogue. We encourage you to contribute your thoughts across these forums as they relate to the topic at hand.
As a member of the TheHorse.com Community, you are expected to foster healthy open discussions by respecting others, avoiding self-promotion, and being responsible for what you post. Our complete Terms of Use are a condition of your access and participation in the TheHorse.com Community. We reserve the right to moderate or remove posts, suspend or remove users and otherwise take, or refrain from taking, any and all steps available to us once we become aware of any violation of these provisions.
Comments and user content posted on TheHorse.com or on our social media pages express only the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views of Equine Network, LLC, our staff, contributors or any person or entity associated with us.
Community Rules
The TheHorse.com Community Rules are designed to ensure the TheHorse.com Community is a respectful, engaging and informative one for all our users. These policies are for users of the TheHorse.com website (www.TheHorse.com) who register ("Community") and who post comments, upload material, or provide other content ("User Content") to the site. They also govern use of TheHorse.com social media services (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, etc.) that permit uploading or posting of User Content. The Horse expects Community members to observe these Community Rules whether on TheHorse.com or on social media services operated by third-parties (individually and collectively, the "Sites").
Be Polite: Above all, be courteous and respectful. We encourage open discussion and debate. Differences of opinion are okay and to be expected. However, please try to disagree without being disagreeable. Also, don't use the "flag as inappropriate content" function as an attempt to stifle or censor the views of others. Abuse of this feature may result in removal from the Community.
Personal Attacks: Do not attack or insult another user. Name calling, libel, defamation, hate speech, or profane material is unacceptable. Predatory behavior, stalking, threats, inciting violence and/or other forms of bullying are not tolerated. Under no circumstances should you post anything that could be taken as threatening, harassing, discriminatory, sexist or racist.
Obscene Language or Content: We are not going to list the words we object to; you know what they are. Even if the word or phrase in question is often used in conversation, do not ever use obscene language. We reserve the right to remove anything we deem offensive, whether posted directly or links that are posted to unacceptable material. This is a public forum and we want everyone to feel comfortable participating.
No Spam: Advertising, self-promotion, recruiting, campaigning, lobbying, soliciting, or posting of referral links to other services are not allowed. Furthermore, posting the same message to many articles, videos, galleries or discussions is considered spam and The Horse may remove such postings from any of the Sites we control.
Illegal activities: Participating in, suggesting, or encouraging any illegal activity is cause for immediate removal and termination of a user's use and registration in the TheHorse.com Community. Such posts may be edited or removed entirely from any of the Sites we control. TheHorse.com will not aid you in unlawful behavior, so play by the rules.
Trolling: The posting of inflammatory, extraneous or off-topic messages in the TheHorse.com Community will not be tolerated. We encourage community members to report abuse by trolls. We also ask that you do not engage with trolls. If we see you "feeding" a troll, we will remove both the troll's comments and yours.
Be Yourself: Don't impersonate others on the site. Participants using fake names and/or invalid email addresses are not allowed. The registration of multiple accounts to participate in the Community for the purpose of harassing other users or trolling or with the intent to disrupt conversation is not permitted. Engaging in this type of behavior may result in all user names being banned from the Community.
Protect your Privacy: Do not share personal or other information that you do not want made public. We recommend not publishing your full email address, phone number or other personal contact information for security reasons. Once your comment is published, it may be found in search results on Web sites like Google and Yahoo. While you may edit or delete a comment, these options may not be live immediately. NOTE: The information you provide to The Horse to register as a Community member is protected under the terms of the TheHorse.com Privacy Policy.
Respect the Privacy of Others: Do not publish private information, reference the private identity of another Community member or post the contact information of other's. This can include (but is not limited to) home addresses, phone numbers, credit card numbers, email addresses, identification documents or photographs of people in private settings without their consent.
Copyright & Trademark Laws: The posting of copyrighted videos, photos, articles or other material beyond what is protected as fair use is prohibited, and The Horse may remove such posts from any of the Sites we control. Do not present other people's work as your own or use other's people's trademarks without permission. You may report the misuse of your own creative work as described in the TheHorse.com Terms of Use.
Personal Responsibility: You are solely responsible for the content you post. The Horse is not responsible for User Content posted on the Sites we control. We do not and cannot review all User Content. However, we have the right (but not the obligation) to review, screen, edit, delete and/or move any User Content posted to TheHorse.com or our social media channels.
The Fine Print: By participating in the TheHorse.com Community you agree that you will indemnify The Horse against any damages, losses, liabilities, judgments, costs or expenses (including attorneys' fees and costs) arising out of a claim by a third-party relating to any material you have posted. In addition, Community members are also required to read and abide by the complete Terms of Use of TheHorse.com, and persons who post User Content on The Horse social media services are expected to follow the complete terms of service of those respective services. The Horse reserves the right (but assumes no obligation) to delete, move, or edit any User Content that comes to its attention that The Horse Media Group LLC considers unacceptable or inappropriate, whether for legal or other reasons, on any of the Sites controlled by The Horse. Conduct by any user that, at the sole discretion of The Horse, restricts or inhibits any other user of the Sites from using or enjoying the Sites will not be permitted on any of the Sites controlled by The Horse. The Horse reserves the right to refuse access to the Sites under its control or revoke Community membership to any user for any reason, including, without limitation, a reasonable belief that the user in question has violated these Community Rules, the Terms of Use for www.TheHorse.com, or any of the copyright or trademark laws of the United States.


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If your business manufactures, distributes, sells, or repairs products, you may need product liability insurance in addition to your business insurance. In fact, business partners throughout your supply chain may require a certificate of liability insurance as proof of adequate product liability coverage.
Why Is Product Liability Coverage So Important?
If your business provides products to customers, you need product liability insurance because product liability lawsuits typically have high jury awards. This coverage can provide the protection your business needs in case a product causes injury to someone.
What Does Product Liability Insurance Cover?
Product liability insurance can pay for losses your product caused to a client, consumer, or third party. It covers bodily injury, including medical expenses, lost wages, restitution for death, and legal fees for defending a lawsuit. It also covers property damage caused by your product, including the value of physical damage, repairs, lost profit as a result of the damages, and the cost of legal defense.
What Does Business Owner's Insurance Cover?
A business owner's policy includes general liability, which protects your business from property damage, personal injury, bodily injury, and other claims arising through business operations. Product liability coverage may be included with certain larger commercial general liability policies, except with many caveats to what is covered. Additional coverage is added to a business owner's policy against risks to the commercial building and personal property of the business. A business owner's policy may also add coverage against loss of business income.
Types of Product Liability Insurance Claims
Consumers may sue a business in a product liability claim for any of three types of product defects:
- Manufacturing defects: When a flaw in manufacturing causes injury or damage.
- Design defects: When product design is inherently defective and causes injury or damage.
- Defects in instructions or warnings: When improper or missing instructions or labeling cause injury.
Factors Affecting the Cost of Product Liability Insurance
Product liability insurance rates will vary widely, depending on the product's risk factor. This takes into consideration the type of product, how it is marketed, the size of distribution, and the safety measures in place. Certain products will obviously have a higher risk factor than others.
Factors considered in calculating the cost of product liability insurance include:
- Type of business: The nature of your business is factored into your cost, as some products and industries are riskier than others.
- Location of business: Geographic location impacts property values and risks for certain disasters such as flooding and earthquakes.
- Company value: Valuable companies are more likely to be targeted for lawsuits.
- Claims history: The more claims on your insurance, the higher your premiums will be.
- Coverage limits: The higher the potential payout by the insurance company, the more the business owner will pay.
If your business manufactures, distributes, sells, or repairs consumer products, it is likely that you need product liability insurance in addition to business insurance. Our knowledgeable agents can help you find the best available rates for the product liability coverage you need.
Article originally posted on www.insuranceneighbor.com(opens in new tab)

subset: commoncrawl


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Commercial Cooling
Serenity Air is your #1 Commercial HVAC contractor in PUYALLUP, WA, and the surrounding communities. When your air conditioner needs service we are the leading choice for all of your company's cooling needs. If you need repairs, maintenance, or a brand new system installed, the technicians at Serenity Air are the qualified and professional crew for the job.
We provide the highest quality service for your commercial air conditioner and beyond. We also aim to educate and inform our customers. Informed decisions are good decisions. We want you to feel confident we are qualified to perform the service for which you are hiring us. You need to have your focus on your business. Let us help you keep it there by relying on us.
Air Conditioner Repair
Don't let your coworkers or employees suffer through another day in a hot, stuffy workplace! Is your company's air conditioner acting up, freezing up, or making too much noise? Our experienced team of HVAC professionals is here to keep your company cool. We repair all makes and models, rooftop and indoor units, and we will never try to sell you a service you don't need. Our technicians are honest and hard working, and we're always transparent and fair about the work we do.
Air Conditioner Replacement
In your business, oftentimes you need to look at the bigger picture. Our professionals do that as well. Sometimes a repair is not sufficient to fix your air conditioner. Sometimes a new air conditioner is the most cost-effective and energy-efficient way to go. Even though it may be a little more expensive up front, it's an investment in your company. With a new system, you will actually be spending less in energy and cooling costs. We will always be honest with you about whether replacing your air conditioner makes sense. We value our time and your money—we don't want to perform repairs or service on an appliance that is in need of replacement.
If your company does need an air conditioner replacement, we know that your attention needs to be on your business, so let us help you with the air conditioner information and details.
Need Commercial Cooling Service?
Contact the experts at Serenity Air.
Call us at 253-255-5682!


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Shop The Range
Glytone Best Sellers
About The Brand
It's not just skincare, it's science. Born in 1992 and inspired by aesthetic dermatology, Glytone is an ingredient-driven, problem-solving skincare brand. The Glytone difference harnesses the power of active acids and PFAV™ Glycolic Acid to quickly exfoliate and retexturize. Glytone combines pharmaceutical expertise with dermo-cosmetic excellence to create targeted and transforming skin solutions for healthy, radiant skin.
Dermatologists use Glycolic Acid to perform rejuvenating skin peels in their offices, but you can get the benefits of Glycolic Acid at home using Glytone's line of products made with this skin renewing acid. Glytone has developed a line of Glycolic Acid-based systems to treat a variety of skin concerns including hyperpigmentation, fine lines, loss of skin firmness, acne and a condition called keratosis. With a customized approach to skin rejuvenation and treatment, you can select the products you need for your skin type to see visible changes in the texture and tone of your skin with regular use. Glytone supplies their products to dermatologists who demand products that perform - and Glytone delivers, just as they will for you.
Glytone is built around the skin-rejuvenating power of glycolic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid derived from sugar. Glycolic acid promotes healthy skin regeneration as it sloughs off dead skin cells to reveal healthier skin cells underneath. The result? A smoother, brighter complexion. It also helps to lighten areas of increased pigmentation for a more even skin tone. By removing dead skin cells, glycolic acid can also improve the appearance of acne-prone skin. Glytone offers products to meet the needs of all skin types.
Glytone Mild Cream Wash - because beautiful skin begins with the right cleanser. This glycolic-acid infused cleanser gently lifts away dead skin cells, preparing your skin for moisturizer or further treatment products. Your skin will feel softer and smoother after one use.
Glytone Anti-Aging Facial Serum treats your skin to a bevy of antioxidants including antioxidant vitamins and antioxidants from red tea to protect your skin from free radical damage and help it repair. The ingredients are released slowly in a time-released manner to ensure your skin gets maximal benefits.
Glytone Ultra Heel and Elbow Cream is made for smoothing and softening some of the most challenging parts of your body - heels and elbows. Glycolic acid in this intensive formulation increases shedding of dead skin cells to soften rough areas and calluses. Use it on "troubled" areas that need extra softening power.
Glytone Anti-Aging Eye Cream is made for the delicate skin around the eyes, the first place to show signs of aging. It's infused with antioxidants that protect your skin against the environment combined with caffeine extract and licorice to help tighten and brighten the appearance of the fragile skin around your eyes. As with other products in the Glytone line, your under-eye area will benefit from the anti-aging benefits of glycolic acid.
Powered by the naturally rejuvenating glycolic acid, the face- and body-care offerings in the Glytone Products line deliver premier service. From peels to sun protection, you'll find a strong-acting suite of lotions, gels, and other creations that bring the enhanced care of in-office treatments into your home.
The Glytone Products are definitely soothing and calming to use, giving your skin a pleasant and sensual work-over and helping center you ahead or on the heels of a busy day. But that doesn't mean they're not aggressive in action against impurities that clog pores and dull your complexion, patches of dry skin that leave you feeling chafed and irritated, and the little lines, creases, and wrinkles that naturally develop with aging (and are enhanced by stress and exhaustion).
Give the Glytone Products a spin, and see what cosmetic and dermatological science can offer you in the way of restorative, energizing treatments. Don't waste your time with poor-quality products of mediocre action: Give yourself the skincare you deserve.
Glycolic acid and the other ingredients in the Glytone Products are fine-tuned agents for exfoliating, moisturizing, evening tone, and all other manner of cosmetic enhancement and healing.
You'll get a $148 value by purchasing the Glytone Normal to Oily Step 1 Kit, which includes everything you need for full skin revitalization. As the name suggests, this kit is directed at folks with normal to oily skin types. Included you'll find the Mild Gel Wash, an oil-free facial cleanser that exfoliates and improves your complexion; the Facial Lotion 1, also oil-free, which targets creases and wrinkles to reduce their visibility; the Exfoliating Lotion 1, a moisturizing, hydrating, and soothing treatment designed to bolster your skin's texture; and the Mini Peel Gel, a weekly treatment designed to keep up effective exfoliation in between office peel procedures.
The Glytone Normal to Dry Step 1 Kit delivers a full-service exfoliating, hydrating, and freshening treatment suite aimed at those with normal to dry skin. You'll have at hand the Mild Cream Wash, Facial Cream 1, Exfoliating Lotion 1, and Mini Peel Gel, covering all the bases when it comes to moisturizing, improving and evening tone, shedding off dead skin-cell layers, and diminishing the appearance of fine lines.
With the Glytone Mild Gel Wash, you've got an oil-free cleanser that really delivers. Anchored, like the Glytone brand in general, by the rejuvenating agency of glycolic acid, the Glytone Mild Gel Wash will balance the natural pH of your skin as it dissipates makeup, oils, dirt, and other impurities that can hamper your complexion and cause irritation. Most effective for those with normal to oily skin types, the Glytone Mild Gel Wash is also easy to rinse off, so you can appreciate the renewed softness and even texture of your skin without residual soapiness.


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A garage helps protect your vehicles from exposure to the elements. It can also be a convenient location for storing items you don't want to keep in the house. Keeping some items in the garage can create a health and safety risk for you and your family. Never store these six things in your garage:
Propane Tanks
If you barbecue outdoors, you may keep propane on hand to fuel the grill. Leave propane tanks outside – not stored in the garage. Propane tanks can leak gas, which can lead to deadly explosions. They are best kept away from the house and garage in an enclosed, secure location without sparks, for example, a garden shed.
Paper Products
Your garage is not a good place to store important papers, such as passports and birth certificates.
They can be damaged by excess moisture in the air. In fact, it is not a good place to store any paper products, including recycling. Insects and vermin can find their way into a garage and storage containers. Paper products and other edible items can attract them.
Pet Food
If you store pet food in your garage, it's like inviting pests into your home for a delicious meal. Pet food is highly nutritious and attractive to both rodents and insects. Pests can detect food even in a storage container. Rodents can chew through paper or cardboard, and ants can get into virtually anything.
Oily Rags
Oily rags are often used in woodworking and other projects. You should never store rags soaked with oil in the garage. They can generate internal heat as they begin to dry. Oxygen can be trapped underneath a pile of oily rags. With the combination of heat and oxygen, spontaneous combustion can occur and start a fire in your home. Store oily rags in an airtight, metal, non-combustible container. It should be filled with water and a detergent that breaks down oil.
Wine or Canned Foods
Exposure to heat and temperature fluctuations can alter the composition and color of wine, making it unpalatable. Wine should be stored in a dark, dry place at a consistent temperature and humidity. Canned vegetables are likely to freeze in the wintertime and have a shorter shelf life if stored in the garage.
Some people like to have an additional refrigerator for extra cold storage space. If you have a spare fridge, the garage is not the best place to keep it. When the temperature rises in the garage on warmer days, your refrigerator will have to work harder to keep the contents cold. Plugging in a refrigerator in the garage could significantly increase your energy bills.
Make Sure You Have the Right Homeowners Insurance Coverage
Your home is a significant investment. Knowing you are fully covered in case something goes wrong can give you peace of mind. Our experienced agent can advise you on the homeowners' insurance coverage you need and help you find the best rates.
Filed Under: Personal Insurance | Tagged With: Homeowners Insurance


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AlphaGraphics offers a large range of Window, Wall & Floor Signage solutions to bring your brand and image to life, inside and out. First impressions count and continuing your branding and image inside your office is just as important as the outdoor signage.
Make an immediate impression on customers with bold, fresh visuals printed directly on your building's ceiling!
Transform your floor with imaginative decals and graphics
With our help, it's easy to create gorgeous, gallery-quality prints on a budget.
Add warmth and elegance to your interior or exterior windows with customized frosted or imaged glass.
Indoor banners for high-impact visuals. Dress up your conference center or draw eyes to your sporting event or reunion with vibrant, large format banners from AlphaGraphics.
AlphaGraphics offers an array of dimensional graphics that will make your message literally jump off the walls.
Digitally printed graphic shades are a creative, brand-boosting alternative to traditional white blinds or drapes. Personalize your business's windows with high quality, full-color images printed directly on your shades!
(678) 855-7750


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Staying active is so important in staying healthy. Although, sometimes we overdo it or get injured during our workouts. The good news is that chiropractic may be the perfect way to get back to your active levels and keep your body running smoothly.
At Baker Chiropractic Wellness Center, we've helped many people in Parma, OH recover from sports injuries.
Watch our video on sports and chiropractic, and then give our office a call at (440) 888-6979 to see how we can help you get back on the road to health!


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The chronic drought that hit western North America from 2000 to 2004 left dying forests and depleted river basins in its wake and was the strongest in 800 years, scientists have concluded, but they say those conditions will become the "new normal" for most of the coming century, according to a press release from Oregon State University. Here is the rest of the statement by David Stauth at OSU:
Such climatic extremes have increased as a result of global warming, a group of 10 researchers reported today in Nature Geoscience. And as bad as conditions were during the 2000-04 drought, they may eventually be seen as the good old days.
Climate models and precipitation projections indicate this period will actually be closer to the "wet end" of a drier hydroclimate during the last half of the 21st century, scientists said.
Aside from its impact on forests, crops, rivers and water tables, the drought also cut carbon sequestration by an average of 51 percent in a massive region of the western United States, Canada and Mexico, although some areas were hit much harder than others. As vegetation withered, this released more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, with the effect of amplifying global warming.
"Climatic extremes such as this will cause more large-scale droughts and forest mortality, and the ability of vegetation to sequester carbon is going to decline," said Beverly Law, a co-author of the study, professor of global change biology and terrestrial systems science in the College of Forestry at OSU, and former science director of AmeriFlux, an ecosystem observation network.
"During this drought, carbon sequestration from this region was reduced by half," Law said. "That's a huge drop. And if global carbon emissions don't come down, the future will be even worse."
This research was supported by the National Science Foundation, NASA, U.S. Department of Energy, and other agencies. The lead author was Christopher Schwalm at Northern Arizona University. Other collaborators were from the University of Colorado, University of California at Berkeley, University of British Columbia, San Diego State University, and other institutions.
It's not clear whether or not the current drought in theMidwest, now being called one of the worst since the Dust Bowl, is related to these same forces, Law said. This study did not address that, and there are some climate mechanisms in western North America that affect that region more than other parts of the country.
But in the West, this multi-year drought was unlike anything seen in many centuries, based on tree ring data. The last two periods with drought events of similar severity were in the Middle Ages, from 977-981 and 1146-1151. The 2000-04 drought affected precipitation, soil moisture, river levels, crops, forests and grasslands.
Ordinarily, Law said, the land sink in North America is able to sequester the equivalent of about 30 percent of the carbon emitted into the atmosphere by the use of fossil fuels in the same region. However, based on projected changes in precipitation and drought severity, scientists said that this carbon sink, at least in western North America, could disappear by the end of the century.
"Areas that are already dry in the West are expected to get drier," Law said. "We expect more extremes. And it's these extreme periods that can really cause ecosystem damage, lead to climate-induced mortality of forests, and may cause some areas to convert from forest into shrublands or grassland."
During the 2000-04 drought, runoff in the upperColorado River basin was cut in half. Crop productivity in much of the West fell 5 percent. The productivity of forests and grasslands declined, along with snowpacks. Evapotranspiration decreased the most in evergreen needleleaf forests, about 33 percent.
The effects are driven by human-caused increases in temperature, with associated lower soil moisture and decreased runoff in all major water basins of the western U.S., researchers said in the study.
Although regional precipitations patterns are difficult to forecast, researchers in this report said that climate models are underestimating the extent and severity of drought, compared to actual observations. They say the situation will continue to worsen, and that 80 of the 95 years from 2006 to 2100 will have precipitation levels as low as, or lower than, this "turn of the century" drought from 2000-04.
"Towards the latter half of the 21st century the precipitation regime associated with the turn of the century drought will represent an outlier of extreme wetness," the scientists wrote in this study.
These long-term trends are consistent with a 21st century "megadrought," they said.
An image of dying forests in the Southwest is available at http://bit.ly/OO9Hsr


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Cummins 4080608 Oil Pan Adapter
Cummins 4080608 Oil Pan Adapter is backordered and will ship as soon as it is back in stock.
Couldn't load pickup availability
General Shipping
Our estimated shipping times are based on transit times and do not include processing or manufacturing. Processing times typically range from 24 to 48 hours. For precise processing and shipping times, contact our customer service. Address updates post-shipping must be coordinated with our customer service, and any associated charges will be the customer's responsibility.
Shipping Methods & Transit Times
- Small Package Saver: 3 to 7 business days*
(For products under 10 pounds and most items eligible for FREE SHIPPING) - Ground: 1 to 6 business days*
(Most packages are shipped via UPS, occasional use of FedEx) - Second Day Air: 2 to 3 business days*
(Contact our sales department) - Next Day Air: 1 to 2 business days*
(Contact our sales department) - Canada: 1-6 business days*
(Transit times may vary due to border customs) - Large Package Rate: 3-5 business days*
(For residential deliveries) - Will Call: Customer Pick Up
(Available upon request, no shipping or handling charges)
*We process and ship orders Monday through Saturday, excluding major U.S. holidays. Most orders ship from our North Carolina warehouse.
Freight/Oversize Shipments
Freight/LTL shipping applies to commercially zoned properties only. Non-commercial addresses may incur additional shipping charges. When receiving a freight shipment, carefully inspect and note any exceptions or damages on the receipt. Additional services like lift gates may carry extra fees charged by the freight carrier, at the customer's discretion.
Free Shipping Promotions
Free Shipping is for the contiguous 48 United States. For other locations, an accurate shipping quote is required. Oversized or freight items may not be eligible unless specifically stated.
Canada Shipments
Ground Shipments to Canada incur customs duties and taxes. The customer is responsible for brokerage fees, taxes, and duties. Failure to pay may result in product abandonment.
International Shipments
We offer international shipping. If our website does not initially support your location, contact us for a custom shipping quote. International customers are responsible for duties, taxes, and customs charges.
Call us at: +1 (252) 220-8829
Email us at: email@example.com
Live Chat Available (Bottom Right)
Our operating hours are Monday - Friday 8:00AM - 7:00PM EST
Part Number: 4080608
Description: Oil Pan Adapter
ReCon Equivalent: Not Available
Oversized Part Alternatives: Not Available
- Parts are listed top to bottom from oldest to newest.
- 4066052
- 4080608
Sellable | N |
Length | 0 In |
Weight | 461 Lbs |
Width | 0 In |
Height | 0 In |
Warranty Information
Warranty Information
We offer a 365-day warranty on all our parts, regardless of their condition. This warranty is applicable to customers who make purchases directly on our website and does not cover products bought on platforms like eBay or Amazon.
Our warranty does not extend to the following circumstances:
- Normal wear and tear.
- Damage caused by accidents or negligence.
- Malfunctions related to fuel and exhaust systems due to low-quality fuel.
- Inadequate repairs leading to external or technical damage.
- Defects or corrosion resulting from exposure to environmental factors, chemicals, and natural elements.
- Natural wear and aging of specific parts, including dpf filters, fuel filters, ribbed belts, poly belts, and more.
To qualify for warranty support, ensure you have:
- Proof of purchase from our website.
- A service station certificate for the specific repair work.
- Payment documentation for the repair.
- A service report confirming the part cannot be restored.
If a part cannot be repaired, a full refund for the part's cost will be issued.
For expedited support, please:
- Provide a detailed description of the issue.
- Include your phone number.
- Attach a photo of the part.
- Provide your order number.
- Include your name and surname.
Contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com for assistance.
Return & Refund Policy
Return & Refund Policy
Truck To Trailer - Return and Refund Policy
Return Policy
We understand that situations may arise, and you have the flexibility to return a part within 30 days of receiving it for a refund. Kindly get in touch with us before initiating the return process. We often provide a USPS return label for your convenience. Our products are new, unused, and accurately labeled by brand and manufacturer part number. It is essential to ensure that you order the correct part number to avoid any inconvenience. Our top priority is your complete satisfaction, and we are here to assist you promptly with any concerns. Please don't hesitate to reach out to us if you encounter any issues or have questions.
Please Note:
- Orders can be returned within 30 days of receipt.
- Shipping charges are non-refundable.
- You must obtain a valid Return Authorization (RA) number from our customer service department.
- All returns should be in new, uninstalled, and undamaged condition, with original packaging.
- Installed or modified products cannot be accepted as returns.
- Certain items are non-refundable, and you will be notified if your order falls into this category.
- Special order items and electronics are non-refundable.
- We do impose a 30% restocking fee.
Return Process
Returning a product to Truck To Trailer is a straightforward process:
- Contact your sales representative for a Return Authorization Number (RA).
- Ship your return to our facility.
- Expect a credit within 48 hours of Truck To Trailer receiving and inspecting your return.
Contact Us
- Toll-free in the U.S.: +1 (828) 882-9155 (available from 9 am-6 pm EST)
- Email: email@example.com
Tax Exempt? Submit Here.
Tax Exempt? Submit Here.
Payment & Security
Payment methods
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.


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Solar Installer Reviews
Maximize your solar
savings with:
Personalized quotes
Pre-vetted installers
Better product & prices
All Reviews
States Served
No states served information available.
What To Look For In A Solar Installer?
When looking for a solar installer, it's essential to consider various factors to ensure you choose a reputable and competent company that meets your needs.
When selecting an installer like Nj Renewable Energy Systems Corp consider:
Experience and Reputation:
Look for a company with a solid track record and years of experience in the solar industry. Read the latest Nj Renewable Energy Systems Corp solar reviews from past customers to gauge their reputation.
Certifications and Licenses:
Ensure the installer holds the necessary licenses and certifications required in your area. Look for certifications from organizations like the North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP) to verify their expertise.
Quality Products and Technology:
Inquire about the types and brands of solar panels, inverters, and other equipment they use. Quality matters for long-term performance. Ask if they offer the latest solar technologies, such as high-efficiency panels or energy storage solutions.
Learn more: Best Solar Panels for Homes | Top Solar Batteries
Warranty Information:
Understand the warranties they offer for equipment and workmanship. A reputable installer should provide comprehensive warranties. The majority of modern solar panels are equipped with a warranty spanning 20 to 30 years, encompassing both the product's integrity and its energy output. An ordinary workmanship warranty offered by a certified company typically provides coverage for solar panels for an average period of 10 years.
Transparent Pricing and Contracts:
Get detailed solar quotes that include all costs, from equipment and labor to permits and inspections. Review the contract carefully to ensure it's clear and transparent, with no hidden fees or surprises.
Local Knowledge:
Choose a company familiar with local building codes, regulations, and permitting processes. This can expedite the installation and ensure compliance.
Customized Design:
Look for companies who provide custom solar system designs tailored to your specific energy needs and property characteristics.
Energy Production Estimates:
The installer should provide accurate estimates of how much energy the system will generate, factoring in local climate conditions and other key influences. If your estimated solar savings are much higher with one solar company, you'll want to inquire further to ensure their savings projections aren't skewed to close the sale. Connect with us for a free estimate.
Financing Options:
Inquire about solar financing options, including purchase, lease, or power purchase agreements (PPAs). Ensure you know the pros and cons of each option.
Customer Service:
Assess their responsiveness and willingness to answer your questions and concerns and consider the installer's commitment to your project satisfaction. Throughout your solar process we'll advocate for you, ensuring your solar project is done right.
References and Recommendations:
Seek recommendations from friends, family, or colleagues who have installed solar panels. Ask the installer for references from past clients who can share their experiences. You can also read the latest reviews on Nj Renewable Energy Systems Corp.
Multiple Quotes:
Don't hesitate to obtain quotes from multiple installers to compare pricing, services, and warranties. Hint: We can help!
Financing and Incentive Knowledge:
Ensure the installer is knowledgeable about available incentives, tax credits, rebates and financing options. At EnergyPal, we'll help maximize your savings.
Safety Practices:
Confirm that the installer adheres to safety protocols during installation to protect both workers and your property.
By researching and considering these factors, you can select a reputable solar installer who will provide a quality solar energy system and a positive experience throughout the installation process. Connect with us to learn more about the best solar installers in your area.
How Do I Compare Solar Installation Options?
To make an informed decision when comparing solar installation options, start by determining your energy needs and seeking multiple quotes from reputable installers. Examine the quality of equipment, evaluate proposed system designs, and consider financing options, factoring in total costs and long-term savings. Assess warranties, support, and the installer's experience while also checking for customer feedback and references. Gauge their responsiveness and customer service, ensuring they educate you about the process. Consider an installer's licensing, and certifications. Request accurate energy production estimates and review contracts for transparency. By evaluating these factors, you can confidently choose the solar installation option that aligns with your energy goals and budget. Connect with us for a free quote.
Steps for Installing Solar Panels
- Qualification: Contact solar companies through web forms, referrals, or flyers. Answer questions to determine eligibility.
- System Design: Receive initial solar system design in a proposal. Review the design and consider panel placement, avoiding "under-sizing" or "oversizing."
- Compare Quotes: Evaluate quotes, considering factors like monthly payments, power output, and system details. Seek guidance to simplify the comparison.
- Contract Signing: Select a company and panel design, understand and sign the contract.
- Site Survey: Technician assesses the site for solar panel installation, checking roof orientation and structural integrity.
- Engineering: Behind-the-scenes process finalizes system layout, electrical configuration, and structural safety for permit submission.
- Permitting: The company obtains necessary permits and approvals, ensuring compliance with regulations.
- Installation: Expert team mounts panels, installs wiring and inverters, connects the system to the grid.
- System Activation: Request final inspections, obtain permission to operate (PTO) from the utility, and turn on the system. Monitoring apps track power generation. From a signed contract to installation and system activation this process can take two to six months to complete. Check out our article for a more indepth look into the solar installation process.
Local Installers, Tax Credits, And Rebates In Your State
+Nj Renewable Energy Systems Corp Solar Review Conclusion
Prior to making a decision to work with Nj Renewable Energy Systems Corp, homeowners should thoroughly review multiple solar installation providers and quotes. This ensures they can secure the most suitable choices, advantages, and cost-effectiveness that align with their specific requirements.
Our impartial advisors are here with your best interests in mind. We listen, educate, and guide you to ensure you find the energy solution that's the perfect fit for your home.
We provide free custom designs tailored precisely to your home's unique requirements, allowing you to compare programs side by side.


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This cute hive pattern fabric will compliment any of our cutest bee fabrics, and will finish off any project.
100 % cotton
We LOVE seeing our customers and their current projects so email us your creations and go in the draw to win spot prizes or vouchers to spend at Polly's Patchwork.
Email your creative work to firstname.lastname@example.com and we will reply ASAP.
NOTE: Selected customers will be randomly drawn for prizes, not every customer who sends us their projects will win a prize.
Polly's Patchwork has a strict returns/exchange policy please see here for all the information.
If you have any questions or concerns in regards to returns contact us via email firstname.lastname@example.com we will reply ASAP.
If you have seen an item that we stock but have sold out of contact us today and we may be able to order in more.
Have a big project on the go? If you do and you require extra/bulk stock that we don't have instock now for purchase please contact us and we may be able to assist in ordering what you require.
Contact firstname.lastname@example.com with any special order requirments and we will reply ASAP.


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At Bedbugs Toppesfield, a part of Pest Control Essex we have same day appointments and there are No Call-Out Charges. We cover all aspects of Bed Bugs removal throughout Toppesfield and we also use various methods in Bed Bug Control and Bed Bug prevention. We use the latest chemicals and we will talk you through the whole process and advise how to deter Bedbugs from your premises in the future.
Pest Control Essex also have a Commercial Pest Control unit and all our Controllers are fully qualified and hold all relevant qualifications for both domestic and commercial premises.
You will find our Pest Control Essex team helpful and professional and we also work weekends, so if you discover you have a Bed Bug problem, just pick up the phone and give our helpful team a call today.
Bed Bug Control Toppesfield at Pest Control Essex offers you a No 1 Service at prices you can afford!
Call Our Bed Bugs Team at Pest Control Essex Today On: 01245 327 274.
About Bed Bugs:
Adult bedbugs are reddish-brown, flattened, oval, and wingless. Bedbugs have microscopic hairs that give them a banded appearance. Adults grow to 4 – 5 mm in length and 1.5 – 3 mm wide. Newly hatched nymphs are translucent, lighter in color and become browner as they mouth and reach maturity.
Bedbugs use pheromones to communicate regarding nesting locations, attacks, and reproduction.
The life span of bedbugs varies by species and is also dependent on feeding.
Bedbugs are (bloodsucking) insects. Most species feed on humans only when other prey is unavailable. Bedbugs are attracted to their hosts primarily by carbon dioxide, secondarily by warmth, and also by certain chemicals.
A bedbug pierces the skin of its host with two hollow feeding tubes. With one tube it injects its saliva, which contains anesthetics, while with the other it withdraws the blood of its host. After feeding for about five minutes, the bug returns to its hiding place.
Although bedbugs can live for a year without feeding, they normally try to feed every five to ten days. In cold weather, bedbugs can live for about a year; at temperatures more conducive to activity and feeding, about 5 months.


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Black - Biscayne Series
Marine Boating Vinyl - Biscayne Series - Black
Colors may vary
Priced Per Yard
Colors may vary
Priced Per Yard
Mellohide Marine Vinyl
Biscayne Series
Gilbreath Upholstery Supply is an established provider of premium Marine Vinyl upholstery.
With hundreds of color and texture options to choose from in the Mellohide line, we will keep you covered for any boating vinyl interior project or custom restoration.
Width: 54"
Roll Size: 40 yds
Weight: 32oz/yd
Cold Crack: 25°F (Fed Standard 191A-5874)
Abrasion Resistance: No significant wear at 30,000 double rubs Wyzenbeek
Adhesion of coating: 3.0 lbs/IN minimum (ASTM D751)
Additional Benefits: 1000 Hr Weathermeter, Ultraviolet Stabilized Pigment, Mildew & Oil Resistant
Priced By the Yard


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Henan 120 Year Wine Jar
This item is an original piece, between 100 and 150 years of age. Each antique piece is tagged with the Province of origin and the age. Classic, simple design with a smooth aged patina gained over a hundred years of use.
Bundle & Save up to 40%
with the purchase of any 2nd item
Unlock the discounted prices by adding 2 items into your cart
*Terms & Conditions apply. Selected Items as Advertised.- In Stock / Ready to Ship
Product Material: Terracotta
Colour: Natural
Product Weight: 2kg
Assembly: No Assembly Required
At OneWorld we source and supply our unique collection meaning we can offer you the lowest prices every day.
From time to time though, you may notice the item advertised at a lower price elsewhere.
If you do find our collection elsewhere cheaper than our our advertised pricing, we will match the price and beat the difference by 5%.
T&Cs apply - Read More
Shipping definitions
Standard Shipping to the door means the item will be delivered to the door only. The item will not be delivered inside, upstairs or beyond apartment lobbies. It is recommended you have a second person on hand to take receipt of the order and to assist with the handling of your order.
Standard Shipping to room of choice means the item will be delivered inside and into the room of choice. Note: this does not include, assembly, unpacking or rubbish removal. It is recommended you have a second person assist with any unpacking or assembly.
Premium Delivery - unpack/Rubbish Removal/Assembly means the item will be delivered inside and into the room of choice. The delivery team will unpack, assemble and remove any packing material. Note: this does not include fixing/hanging items or relocating any other items within the home. Note: Available Sydney and Brisbane Metro only.
Smaller items
Normal dispatch time for in-stock items is 2-3 business days for smaller items. We use a number of courier services to ensure we can deliver to you as quickly as possible.
Larger Furniture items
Most of our furniture range arrives with little to no assembly required. This means we need to use bulky goods delivery specialists to transport these items. This may mean dispatch and delivery times can be longer. As a guide, dispatch occurs within 4-7 days. Our team will contact you to schedule the next available date.
Is when the product(s) are collected by our delivery or courier partner. Transit times will vary based on location and suitable carriers throughout the logistics network. Please refer to your tracking link for up to date movement of your item(s).
Note: Due to current courier congestion and backlog, dispatch times may be longer than normal as we work through collection of orders with our courier partners. If your item has been dispatched and you have received tracking information, please refer to the tracking link for any updates. If your item is delayed in transit, information will be updated via the tracking link as the courier network works through the backlog.
For expected shipping times, see below.
Area | |
Sydney Metro, Central Coast & Newcastle | Up to 7 Days |
Melbourne Metro |
10 to 14 Days |
Brisbane Metro | 10 to 14 Days |
Gold Coast | 10 to 14 Days |
Sunshine Coast | 10 to 14 Days |
Adelaide Metro | 10 to 14 Days |
Note: Contact us for shipping details and pricing for Tasmania. Information provided on request.
Times vary for all other areas. Our team will contact you once your item has been scheduled. Contact our customer care team if you require further information for your area. contact us.
For more shipping information click here.


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Bicycle Injuries – Benchlands
Benchlands Bicycle Accident Lawyer
Bicycle Accident Lawyers in Benchlands, Alberta
Due to the time sensitive and technical nature of bicycle accidents and the collection of evidence, it is strongly recommended that you get in contact with an experienced personal injury lawyer immediately.
Hiring a Bicycle Injury Lawyer to Represent You in Benchlands, AB
Bicycle Accident cases in Benchlands are technical and treated with the utmost severity. For such clients, you will require the help of a trained and experienced professional bicycle accident lawyer who knows how to present your case and put in the maximum efforts required. These cases cause traumatic effects on those involved in the accident, and claims can include mental health & brain injuries as well. Only a skilled bicycle accident lawyer will know how to protect your rights in such cases and ensure that you receive the highest compensation possible. Contact a professional and experienced bicycle accident lawyer to fight your case in Benchlands, Alberta.
If you are wondering where to start, the first step is to get in contact with us. We are the most reliable choice if you were involved in a bicycle accident in Benchlands, AB. Our team of experienced and trusted bicycle accident lawyers put in the maximum effort required to return the highest possible payout. We will always visit the scene of the incident and collect as much evidence as possible to use in court. Based on our work and research, we will present your case in the best manner possible. This process ensures that you get compensated for the damages you are now facing due to the bicycle accident injury and the negligence of someone else. But this is only possible when we know the exact details of the case and if you contact us at the right time. Please speak to our bicycle accident attorney today to further understand the process. We can safeguard your lifestyle after a life-altering experience, such as a bicycle accident injury.
Understanding Bicycle Accident Law in Benchlands, Alberta
Bicycle accident law in Benchlands, Alberta, is covered under the Traffic Safety Act. The Use of Highway and Use of Road Regulations apart from other laws enacted under the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Act. The goal is to protect the rights of cyclists dealing with any injuries caused by a bicycle accident. The Act also helps defend against those who have caused the accident due to their negligence or carelessness. The law states that you can sue and claim damages for the injury caused to you by a negligent driver and also for the losses incurred. As per the said Act, claimants can receive compensation, which may go into several thousand dollars for the injury received in a bicycle accident and also for the expenses and losses incurred. The payment may vary from case to case. Your compensation may vary, and only a skilled and competent bicycle accident lawyer can help you determine how much compensation will you be getting. We will also support you through the whole process to get the maximum compensation for your losses.
Under the Traffic Safety Act and the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Act, you are eligible for compensation the losses and personal injuries caused to you due to a bicycle accident. Hiring a bicycle accident attorney in Benchlands is the best option for you to ensure the highest amount of compensation for your losses. So talk to us today and get what you deserve for suffering a personal injury and any other damages.
Do Not Hesitate To Contact Us If You Have Suffered a Personal Injury in Benchlands
Types Of Injuries:
Types Of Accidents:
Why Do You Need a Bicycle Accident Attorney in Benchlands, AB?
There are different types of claims that you can claim under the bicycle accident law, but only after you have met with an expert bike accident lawyer. The first thing you need to do is hire the services of a relentless bicycle injury attorney to help you with your case. We will enable you to receive the maximum amount of compensation in a bicycle accident case in Benchlands, AB. You have a lot of rights as a claimant, and those rights can only be read over to you by the skilled and professional bicycle accident attorney who knows the law. We can explain the best options available to you by looking at your file. A claims case for a bicycle accident will only be successful if the evidence was collected properly. Then you will require a professional bicycle injury lawyer to prepare this evidence for court properly. You will have to do your research and let us help you with your case, as we are the best Bicycle Accident attorney in Benchlands, Alberta. We can help you secure the highest amount of compensation.
As a part of our routine process, we visit the site of the accident, gather evidence, check your medical reports, see the vehicles involved in the accident, and then create your case diligently. Every step that we take will be with the utmost caution, and you will require a skilled accident attorney to safeguard you from error. Collecting evidence is of high importance as the case depends on it, and the details have to be dealt with by a qualified catastrophic injury lawyer who knows what is necessary and what is not. The evidence that a bicycle accident lawyer collects is admissible in Benchlands courts. We study the evidence in-depth and make sure that the rules have been followed properly throughout the whole scenario.
What to avoid in a Bicycle accident case in Benchlands
The first thing you can avoid is not to waste any of your time as time is of the essence in bicycle accident cases. You need to make sure that you get in touch with a bicycle injury Lawyer immediately who can guide you through the whole process and usher you in the right direction. A professional bicycle accident attorney can help you win your case. However, any mistake on your part can cost you a lot of financial losses, and you might lose out on the compensation that is due towards you under the law. You need to make sure that your lawyer collects all the necessary evidence and does not miss anything at all. In case you know something that your attorney does not, then be sure to inform them about it immediately as it could be essential.
Claiming damages under the Bicycle Accident Law in Benchlands, Alberta
The law is clear and upfront when it comes to damages in a Bicycle Accident. If your case gets presented in the right way, you will get the maximum amount of compensation. Many factors are taken into consideration while determining the amount of compensation you are eligible for under Benchlands bicycle accident law. Such as the level of injury caused to you, the future repercussions of the said injury, the financial losses incurred, and the other losses that you have had to bear so far. A reliable and experienced bicycle accident lawyer will help you determine all these things. Once your case is prepared, we can then represent you in the court of law.
If you are finding it challenging to hire a bicycle injury attorney for your bicycle accident claims case in Benchlands, then contact our reliable and experienced bicycle injury attorney. We have years of experience and have successfully represented our clients in courthouses throughout Benchlands, Alberta, and the results have been positive.
Benchlands Personal Injury Lawyers


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Financial Aid for Students 101
Preparing for college while still in high school can be difficult for even the most academically-minded student. These days, you need to excel in the classroom, make sure you're involved in extracurricular activities, and enroll in challenging classes to impress a college admissions board. On top of that, the financial cost of higher education may add to what is already a stressful time in an ambitious student's life. Luckily, with a little preparation, you may be able to make applying for financial aid painless and stress-free. Read on to learn more.
Standardized testing matters
Every October, second and third-year high school students can take the Preliminary SAT (PSAT), also known as the National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (NMSQT). Even if they won't need to take the SAT for college, taking the PSAT/NMSQT is required for many scholarships, such as the National Merit Scholarship.1
Looking forward to the spring of their junior year, college-bound students will want to take the SAT or ACT. An early test date may allow time for repeating the test their senior year, if necessary. No matter how many times your child takes the test, most colleges will only look at the best score.
A Fresh FAFSA
"The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is the single most important form you need in order to secure financial aid from the federal government."
Each year, roughly 17.6 million students file their FAFSA and receive a combined total of more than $112 billion in grants, work study, and low-interest loans from the U.S. Department of Education. Recent changes to the FAFSA website have streamlined the application process, but some preparation before you sit down to submit your FAFSA can make it even easier. Make sure you gather all the information you can regarding your and your family's finances. Pausing now to make sure those documents are close at hand can save both time and frustration later on.2
Don't forget about "gift aid"
Grants and scholarships are often called "gift aid" because they are free money – financial aid that doesn't have to be repaid. College-bound students can learn about grants and scholarships in several ways, but the most-effective strategy starts with contacting the financial aid office at the college or university you plan to attend. Doing your own research can also be an effective strategy, but be careful: scholarship and grant scams are plentiful.3
1. CollegeData.com, 2023
2. StudentAid.gov, 2023
3. StudentAid.gov, 2023
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG, LLC, is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.


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DEAR MAYO CLINIC: As the result of a sports injury, my 16-year-old daughter has chronic pain that has lasted for more than a year. It is really taking a toll on her. The pain makes it hard for her to go to school and to do the activities she enjoys. Medication doesn't make much difference. What can we do? Is there a chance the pain will go away with time?
ANSWER: Your daughter's pain may fade over time. While she has pain, though, it is important for her to find ways to manage it. A cure may not be possible, but there are many strategies that can help her get back into life.
Pain usually comes from illness, injury or surgery, and it goes away as our bodies heal. This type of pain is called acute pain. Chronic pain is different. It is generally defined as daily pain that lasts more than three months. Chronic pain may continue after an injury or illness has passed. It may come from a medical condition that is hard to treat. Sometimes chronic pain may not have any clear source.
Many children and teens have chronic pain. In fact, the condition is more common in children than adults. As in your daughter's situation, many of them are not able to go to school regularly, and they are not living the lives they want to live.
It may seem to make sense that staying home to rest will ease pain. However, withdrawing from school and other activities can actually make chronic pain worse. Being isolated may bring on feelings of loneliness and sadness. Staying home can contribute to irregular sleep, lack of routine and low activity. All of these can increase pain. Going to school can get your daughter back into a daily routine. It may help her reconnect with friends. School can give her something to focus on other than the pain.
In addition to getting back to school, there are a variety of other steps your daughter can take to ease pain. Relaxation techniques, such as meditation and deep breathing, can be effective. Many people also find yoga to be a helpful way to reduce chronic pain.
Although the thought of exercising may seem impossible to someone dealing with chronic pain, regular activity can be a useful way of managing the pain. Exercise causes the body to release natural painkilling chemicals, called endorphins, which can take the edge off pain. Exercise also strengthens muscles, increases flexibility and lowers stress hormones.
Eating well can make a difference, too. A healthy diet can increase your daughter's energy and help her stay at a healthy weight. That aids in pain management since shedding extra pounds can lower stress on muscles and joints and increase flexibility. Encourage her to drink plenty of fluids, too. Being dehydrated can make pain worse. Drinking eight or nine glasses of non-caffeinated beverages or water each day is a good goal.
You mention that medication does not decrease your daughter's pain significantly. That is common. Medications used for acute pain, such as narcotics, usually don't help chronic pain. Medications can play a role in managing chronic pain. But many people who have chronic pain don't get much relief with medication alone. For most people, the lifestyle choices they make and what they do each day does more to lower chronic pain than medication.
For guidance putting these and other pain management steps into practice, consider a pain rehabilitation program for your daughter. Talk to her health care provider about programs that may be available in your area. Many medical centers offer pain programs specifically for children and teens. The medical professionals who work in pain rehabilitation are trained to help people with chronic pain learn techniques to manage pain and return to normal life. — Barbara Bruce, Ph.D., L.P., and Tracy Harrison, M.D., Pain Rehabilitation Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.


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Insulation in your home provides resistance to heat flow. The more heat flow resistance your insulation provides, the lower your heating and cooling costs. Properly insulating your home not only reduces heating and cooling costs, but also improves comfort.
To understand how insulation works it helps to understand heat flow, which involves three basic mechanisms -- conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the way heat moves through materials, such as when a spoon placed in a hot cup of coffee conducts heat through its handle to your hand. Convection is the way heat circulates through liquids and gases, and is why lighter, warmer air rises, and cooler, denser air sinks in your home. Radiant heat travels in a straight line and heats anything solid in its path that absorbs its energy.
Most common insulation materials work by slowing conductive heat flow and -- to a lesser extent -- convective heat flow. Radiant barriers and reflective insulation systems work by reducing radiant heat gain. To be effective, the reflective surface must face an air space.
Regardless of the mechanism, heat flows from warmer to cooler until there is no longer a temperature difference. In your home, this means that in winter, heat flows directly from all heated living spaces to adjacent unheated attics, garages, basements, and even to the outdoors. Heat flow can also move indirectly through interior ceilings, walls, and floors -- wherever there is a difference in temperature. During the cooling season, heat flows from the outdoors to the interior of a house.
To maintain comfort, the heat lost in the winter must be replaced by your heating system and the heat gained in the summer must be removed by your cooling system. Properly insulating your home will decrease this heat flow by providing an effective resistance to the flow of heat.
U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy


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Export 2 results:
Filters: Author is Neil Bramley [Clear All Filters]
Causal learning from interventions and dynamics in continuous time. Cognitive Science Conference (2017). Bramley et al. - 2017 - Causal learning from interventions and dynamics in.pdf (1.78 MB)
Natural science: Active learning in dynamic physical microworlds. 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (2016). Natural Science (Bramley, Gerstenberg, Tenenbaum, 2016).pdf (5.39 MB)