text:
We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.
Find out more
Jump to Content
Jump to Main Navigation
User Account
Personal Profile
See all online law products
Subscriber Services
Take a Tour
Contact Us
For Authors
This site
Oxford Constitutions
Browse all
Content type
Constitutional instruments and materials
Current constitutions
Constitutional amendments
Constitutionally related documents
National instruments and materials
National legislation
Commentary and analysis
Book content
United States [us]
District of Columbia
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
United States Minor Outlying Islands [um]
United States Freely Associated States
West Virginia
My Content
Recently viewed
Save Entry
My Searches
Recently viewed
Save Search
Email this content
Share Link
Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend
Email this content
or copy the link directly:
The link was not copied. Your current browser may not support copying via this button.
Link copied successfully
Copy link
Share This
Sign in
You could not be signed in, please check and try again.
Please enter your Username
Please enter your Password
Forgot password?
Don't have an account?
Sign in via your Institution
You could not be signed in, please check and try again.
Sign in with your library card
Please enter your library card number
View translated passages only
Oxford Law Citator
Expand All
Collapse All
Preliminary Material
How to Use the Companion
Introduction to the First Edition
How to Use the Companion
Directory of Contributors
Main Text
Abington School District v. Schempp,
Ableman v. Booth; United States v. Booth,
Abortion and Privacy
Abortion and Public Funding
Legal Limits on Reproductive Choice
The Conservative Retreat
Roe Reaffirmed?
Abrams v. United States,
Abstention Doctrine,
Academic Freedom.
Academic Freedom for Professors and Students
Academic Freedom As Institutional Autonomy
Access to Trials.
Actual Malice,
Adair v. United States,
Adams, John Quincy.
Adamson v. California,
Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena,
Adkins v. Children's Hospital,
Administration of Federal Courts.
Administrative Assistant to the Chief Justice.
Administrative Office of U.S. Courts.
Administrative State.
Admiralty and Maritime Law.
Admission to Practice before the Bar of the Court.
Advance Sheets.
Advertising Bar.
Advisory Opinions.
Affected with a Public Interest.
Affirmative Action
Age Discrimination in Employment Act.
Agostini v. Felton,
Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, Inc.,
Albermarle Paper Co. v. Moody,
Albertson v. Subversive Activities Control Board,
Alienage and Naturalization.
Alien and Sedition Acts.
Alien Land Laws.
All Deliberate Speed.
Allegheny County v. ACLU Greater Pittsburgh Chapter,
Allgeyer v. Louisiana,
American Bar Association Standing Committee on Federal Judiciary.
American Civil Liberties Union
American Communications Association v. Douds,
American Indians.
American Insurance Company v. Canter,
American Library Association, United States v.,
Americans United for the Separation of Church and State.
Americans with Disabilities Act.
Amicus Brief.
Amicus Curiae,
Antecedents to the Court.
English Antecedents.
English Imperial Administration.
Early State Constitutions.
Articles of Confederation.
Ratification of the Constitution.
Antelope, The,
Basic Provisions and Long-run Patterns.
Origins and Early Development.
From the New Deal to the 1970s.
Modern Antitrust Law.
Appellate Jurisdiction.
Appointment and Removal Power.
Aptheker v. Secretary of State,
Architecture of the Supreme Court Building.
Argersinger v. Hamlin,
Arizona v. Fulminante,
Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp.,
Arms, Right to Bear.
Armstrong, United States v.,
Article III.
Case or Controversy Requirement.
Federal Sovereign Immunity and Public Rights.
Congressional Control of Federal Jurisdiction.
Article III, Federalism, and State Sovereign Immunity.
Legislative Courts, Administrative Agencies, Military Tribunals.
Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority,
Assembly and Association, Citizenship, Freedom of.
Atkins v. Virginia,
Attainder, Bills of.
Austin v. United States,
Automobile Searches.
Badger, George Edmund
Bad Tendency Test,
Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co.,
Baker v. Carr,
Bakke Decision.
Baldwin, Henry
Ballard v. United States,
Ballew v. Georgia,
Bank of Augusta v. Earle,
Bank of the United States v. deveaux,
Bankruptcy and Insolvency Legislation.
Early Bankruptcy Law
The 1898 System
Bankruptcy Reform
Bar Admission.
Bar Advertising.
Barber Shop.
Barbour, Phillip Pendleton
Barenblatt v. United States,
Barnes v. Glen Theatre, Inc.,
Barron v. Baltimore,
Bates v. State Bar of Arizona,
Batson v. Kentucky,
Beard, Charles Austin
Belle Terre v. Boraas,
Bennis v. Michigan,
Benton v. Maryland,
Berman v. Parker,
Betts v. Brady,
Bible Reading in Public Schools.
Bickel, Alexander
Bigelow v. Virginia,
Bill of Rights.
Origin of the Bill of Rights
Provisions of the Bill of Rights
Application to the States
Consensus and Controversy after Two Hundred Years
Black, Hugo Lafayette
Black, Jeremiah Sullivan
Black Monday.
Blackmun, Harry Andrew
Blair, John, Jr.
Blakely v. Washington,
Blatchford, Samuel
Blue Laws.
Board of Trustees of Alabama v. Garrett.
Boerne v. Flores,
Bolling v. Sharpe,
Bork, Robert Heron
Boudinot, Elias
Bowers v. Hardwick,
Bowsher v. Synar,
Boyd v. United States,
Boy Scouts v. Dale,
Bradford, Edward Anthony
Bradley, Joseph P.
Bradwell v. Illinois,
Brandeis, Louis Dembitz
Brandeis Brief.
Brandenburg v. Ohio,
Branzburg v. Hayes; In Re Pappas; United States v. Caldwell,
Breedlove v. Suttles,
Brennan, William Joseph, Jr.
Brewer, David Josiah
Breyer, Stephen G.
Record on the Court
Bricker Amendment.
Briscoe v. Bank of the Commonwealth of Kentucky,
Bronson v. Kinzie,
Brown, Henry Billings
Brown's Indian Queen Hotel.
Brown v. Board of Education,
Brown v. Maryland,
Brown v. Mississippi,
Buchanan v. Warley,
Buckley v. Valeo,
Buck v. Bell,
Budd v. New York,
Budget of the Court.
Buildings, Supreme Court.
Bunting v. Oregon,
Bureaucratization of the Court.
Bureaucratization of the Federal Judiciary.
Burger, Warren Earl
Burr, Aaron
Burton, Harold Hitz
Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority,
Bush v. Gore,
Business of the Court.
Butchers' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v. Crescent City Livestock Landing.
Butler, Charles Henry
Butler, Pierce
Butler, United States v.,
Butz v. Economou,
Byrnes, James Francis
Calder v. Bull,
California, United States v.,
California v. Acevedo,
Cameras in Courtrooms.
Campaign Finance.
Campbell, John Archibald.
Cantwell v. Connecticut,
Recognition of the Business Corporation and Facilitation of Its Development.
Judicial Limits on the Jurisdictional Power to Regulate.
Monopoly: State Power to Restrict Competition.
"Liberty of Contract": Price Regulation, Protective Labor Legislation, and Regulation of Product Quality.
Liberty of Contract under the Contract Clause.
Substantive Due Process and Liberty of Contract.
The Supreme Court as Regulator of Business Competition.
Capital Punishment
Capitol, Supreme Court in the.
Cardozo, Benjamin Nathan.
Carlton, United States v.,
Carroll v. United States,
Carolene Products Footnote.
Carswell, George Harrold.
Carter v. Carter Coal Co.,
Cases and Controversies.
Catron, John.
Center Chair.
Certiorari, Writ of,
Cert Pool.
Chafee, Zechariah, Jr.
Champion v. Ames,
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire,
Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge,
Chase, Salmon Portland
Chase, Samuel
Checks and Balances.
Cherokee Cases,
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company v. Chicago,
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co. v. Minnesota,
Chief Justice, Office of the.
Presiding Officer.
Court Manager and Guardian.
Third Branch Chieftain.
Child Labor.
Chimel v. California,
Chinese Exclusion Cases,
Chisholm v. Georgia,
Chisom v. Roemer,
Choate, Joseph Hodges
Church and State.
Circuit Courts of Appeals.
Circuit Riding.
City of Monterey v. Del Monte Dunes at Monterey, Ltd,
Civil Law
Civil Liberties.
Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Civil Rights Act of 1991.
Civil Rights Cases,
Civil Rights Movement.
Civil War.
Clark, Tom Campbell
Clark Distilling Co. v. Western Maryland Railway Co.,
Clarke, John Hessin
Class Actions.
Classic, United States v.,
Clear and Present Danger Test.
Clerk, Office of the.
Clerks of the Court.
Clerks of the Justices
Clifford, Nathan
Clinton v. Jones,
Coerced Confessions
Cohens v. Virginia,
Cohen v. California,
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co.,
Coker v. Georgia,
Cold War.
Colegrove v. Green,
Coleman v. Miller,
Collector v. Day,
Collusive Suits.
Commerce Power.
Conflicts with State Powers.
National Police Power.
The New Deal.
Commerce Power Today.
Dormant Commerce Power.
Commercial Speech.
Common Carriers.
Common Law
Common-Law Court.
Communism and Cold War.
Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Board,
Compulsory Process.
Computer Room and Computers.
Concurrent Power.
Concurring Opinions
Conference, The,
Confessions, Coerced.
Confirmation Process.
Conflict of Interest.
Congress, Arrest and Immunity of Members of.
Congress, Qualifications of Members of.
Congressional Power of Investigation.
Congressional Power to Enforce Amendments.
Congressional Rules.
Conkling, Roscoe
Conscientious Objection.
Consent Decree,
Constitutional Amending Process.
Constitutional Amendments.
Constitutional Interpretation.
The Constitution as Law.
Modalities of Constitutional Argument.
Academic and Political Commentary.
Contempt Power of Congress.
Contempt Power of the Courts.
Contract, Freedom of,
Contracts Clause.
Cooley, Thomas McIntyre
Cooley v. Board of Wardens of the Port of Philadelphia,
Cooperative Federalism
Cooper v. Aaron,
Coram Nobis
Corrigan v. Buckley,
Corwin, Edward Samuel
Counsel, Right to.
Counselman v. Hitchcock,
Court Curbing.
Court-Packing Plan.
Court Reporters.
Courts of Appeals.
Cox v. New Hampshire,
Coyle v. Smith,
Craig v. Boren,
Craig v. Missouri,
Cranch, William
Creation Science.
Criminal Syndicalism Laws,
Crittenden, John Jordan
Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council,
Crow Dog, Ex Parte,
Cruel and Unusual Punishment.
Cruikshank, United States v.,
Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health,
Cummings v. Missouri,
Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education,
Curator, Office of the.
Curtis, Benjamin Robbins.
Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., United States v.,
Cushing, Caleb.
Cushing, William.
Dallas, Alexander James
Dames & Moore v. Regan,
Danbury Hatters' Case.
Daniel, Peter Vivian
Darby Lumber Co., United States v.,
Dartmouth College v. Woodward,
Davis, David
Davis, John Chandler Bancroft
Davis, John William
Davis v. Bandemer,
Davis v. Beason,
Day, William Rufus
Dead List.
Death Penalty.
Debs, In Re,
Decision-Making Dynamics.
Declaration of Independence.
Declaratory Judgments.
Defensive Denials.
Dejonge v. Oregon,
Delegation of Powers.
Delima v. Bidwell.
Dennis v. United States,
Desegregation Remedies.
Detainee Cases,
Die, Right to.
Dillon v. Gloss,
Disability of Justices.
Discriminatory Intent.
Discuss List,
Disparate Impact.
Disparate Treatment
Characteristics of Dissent.
Functions of Dissent.
Prevalence of Dissent.
Impact of Dissent.
Diversity Jurisdiction
Dobbins v. Erie County,
Dodge v. Woolsey,
Dolan v. City of Tigard,
Dombrowski v. Pfister,
Double Jeopardy.
Douglas, William Orville
Early Career.
Service on the Court.
Downes v. Bidwell.
Dred Scott Case.
Dual Federalism,
Due Process, Procedural.
Due Process, Substantive.
Free-Labor Ideology.
The Reasonableness Standard
Challenges to Segregation.
Due Process Revolution.
Duncan v. Kahanamoku,
Duncan v. Louisiana,
Duplex Printing Co. v. Deering,
Duvall, Gabriel
Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel,
E. C. Knight Co., United States v.,
Compulsory Schooling and Socialization.
Student Rights.
Due Process Protections.
Equality of Opportunity.
Edwards v. California,
Edwards v. South Carolina,
Eichman, United States, v.,
Eighteenth Amendment.
Eighth Amendment.
Eisenstadt v. Baird,
Eleventh Amendment
Elfbrandt v. Russell,
Ellsworth, Oliver
Elrod v. Burns,
Eminent Domain
Employment Discrimination.
Engel v. Vitale,
The Commerce Clause.
The Takings Clause.
The Tenth Amendment's Anti-Commandeering Principle.
Federal Preemption of State and Local Laws.
Standing to Sue.
Judicial Review of Agency Actions.
Equal Protection.
Equitable Remedies.
Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins,
Ernst, Morris Leopold
Error, Writ of.
Escobedo v. Illinois,
Espionage Acts
Establishment Clause.
Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.,
Evans v. Abney,
Everson v. Board of Education of Ewing Township,
Evolution and Creation Science.
Exclusionary Rule,
"Principled" Origin.
Extension to State Proceedings.
Deterrence Rationale.
Executive Agreements.
Executive Immunity.
Executive Privilege.
Exhaustion of Remedies
Ex Parte
Ex Post Facto Laws
Ex Rel.
Extrajudicial Activities.
Fairfax's Devisee v. Hunter's Lessee,
Fairness Doctrine.
Fair Representation
Fair Value Rule.
Family and Children.
Fay v. Noia,
Federal Common Law.
The Antebellum Era.
Dual Federalism and the Taney Court.
The Post-Civil War Era.
The New Deal Court.
The Warren Court Legacy.
The Rehnquist Court and the "Federalism Revival."
Counter currents in Contemporary Federalism Doctrine.
Federalist, The.
Federal Justice Center.
Federal Maritime Commission v. South Carolina Ports Authority,
Federal Questions.
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
Federal Tort Claims Act.
Feiner v. New York,
Feist Publications, Inc. v. Rural Telephone Service Company, Inc.,
Female Suffrage.
Field, Stephen Johnson
Fifteenth Amendment.
Fifth Amendment.
Fifth Amendment Takings.
Fifth Amendment Immunity.
Fighting Words.
Finality of Decision.
Financing Political Speech.
First Amendment.
Free Speech.
Freedom of the Press.
First Amendment Absolutism.
First Amendment Balancing.
First Amendment Speech Tests.
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Glendale v. County of Los Angeles,
First Monday in October.
First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti,
Fiscal and Monetary Powers.
Flag Burning.
Flast v. Cohen,
Fletcher v. Peck,
Fletcher v. Rhode Island.
Florida v. Bostick,
Footnote Eleven
Footnote Four
Fordice, United States v.,
Foreign Affairs and Foreign Policy.
Fortas, Abe
Fortas Resignation.
44 Liquormart v. Rhode Island (1996),
Four Horsemen,
Fourteenth Amendment.
Early Interpretation.
Liberty Protections.
Fourth Amendment.
Fourth Amendment Reasonableness.
Warren Court.
Shift toward Law Enforcement Interests.
Standing Requirement.
Scope of Protection.
"Special Needs" Searches.
Framers of the Constitution.
Frankfurter, Felix
Frank v. Mangum,
Freedom of Speech.
Free Exercise Clause.
Freeman v. Pitts,
Freund, Ernst
Frontiero v. Richardson,
Frothingham v. Mellon,
Fugitives from Justice.
Fugitive Slaves.
Fuller, Melville Weston
Full Faith and Credit.
Fullilove v. Klutznick,
Fundamental Fairness Doctrine.
Fundamental Rights.
Furman v. Georgia,
Gag Rule
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority,
Gault, In Re,
Gay and Lesbian Issues.
Geier v. American Honda Motor Co.,
Gelpcke v. Dubuque,
From the Colonial Period to the Civil War Amendments.
Litigating for Suffrage.
Litigating to Protect Women.
New Attempts to Expand Rights.
General Welfare.
Genesee Chief v. Fitzhugh,
Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc.,
Gibbons v. Ogden,
Gideon v. Wainwright,
Gilbert, Cass
Ginsburg, Douglas Howard
Ginsburg, Ruth Bader
Women's Rights Advocate
On the Bench
Gitlow v. New York,
Goldberg, Arthur Joseph
Goldberg v. Kelly,
Gold Clause Cases
Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar,
Goldwater v. Carter,
Gomillion v. Lightfoot,
Gompers v. Buck's Stove & Range Co.,
Good Faith Exception.
Good News Club, Inc. v. Milford Central School,
Graham v. Richardson,
Grandfather Clause
Grand Juries.
Granger Cases.
Gratz v. Bollinger.
Graves v. New York Ex Rel. O'Keefe,
Gray, Horace
Gray v. Sanders,
Greenberg, Jack
Green v. Biddle,
Green v. County School Board of New Kent County,
Gregg v. Georgia,
Grier, Robert Cooper
Griffin v. California,
Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County,
Griggs v. Duke Power Co.,
Griswold v. Connecticut,
Evolution of the Dispute.
Implied Rights: The New Substantive Due Process?
Privacy Rights: Subsequent Case Law and Theoretical Disputes.
Grosjean v. American Press Co.,
Grove City College v. Bell,
Groves v. Slaughter,
Grovey v. Townsend,
Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger,
Guarantee Clause.
Guest, United States v.,
Guinn v. United States,
Habeas Corpus.
Hague v. Congress of Industrial Organizations,
Hall v. Decuir,
Hamilton, Alexander
Hammer v. Dagenhart,
Hand, Billings Learned
Harlan, John Marshall
Early Career.
Service on the Court.
Character and Legacy.
Harlan, John Marshall, II
Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections,
Harrison, Robert H.
Harris v. Mcrae,
Harris v. New York,
Hate Speech.
Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff,
Hayburn's Case,
Haynsworth, Clement Furman, Jr.
Head Money Cases,
Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States,
Heightened Scrutiny.
Helvering v. Davis,
Hepburn v. Griswold.
Higher Law.
Hirabayashi v. United States,
History, Court Uses of.
Whose History?
Textual Authority and Judicial Imagination.
Judges as History-Makers.
History of the Court.
Establishment of the Union
Creating Judicial Power.
The Marshall Court.
Expansion of the Court's Power, 1801–1824.
The Marshall Court's Retreat, 1824–1835.
The Taney Court.
Judicial Statesmanship.
Commerce Clause Decisions.
The Slavery Question.
Reconstruction, Federalism, and Economic Rights
The Republican Program.
*Dual Federalism.
The Court Restricts Reconstruction Reforms.
Federalism and Economic Change.
State Regulation.
Supreme Court and Federal Regulation.
Property Rights.
The Depression and the Rise of Legal Liberalism
The Taft Court.
Probusiness Decisions.
Civil Liberties.
The Hughes Court.
The New Deal under Fire.
The Court-Packing Plan.
Incorporation Doctrine.
World War II.
Flag-Salute Cases.
Japanese-American Internment.
The Vinson Court.
The Cold War.
Bill of Rights Cases.
Civil Rights.
Rights Consciousness in Contemporary Society
Rights Consciousness.
Individual versus Group Rights.
Seeking Rights.
The Supreme Court's Roles.
The Court's Attention to Rights.
The Court's Impact on Rights Consciousness.
Rights by Reaction.
Rights Consciousness, Action, and Results.
Litigation and Rights.
Hoar, Ebenezer Rockwood
Hodgson v. Minnesota,
Holden v. Hardy,
Holder v. Hall,
Holmes, Oliver Wendell
Early Career.
Service on the Massachusetts Court.
Service on the Supreme Court.
Antitrust Cases.
Constitutional Cases.
Free Speech Cases.
Holmes v. Jennison,
Home Building and Loan Association v. Blaisdell,
Honda Motor Co. v. Oberg,
Hornblower, William Butler
Housing Discrimination
Houston, Charles Hamilton
Houston, East and West Texas Railway Co. v. United States.
Howard, Benjamin Chew
Hoyt v. Florida,
Hudson & Goodwin, United States v.,
Hudson v. Palmer,
Hughes, Charles Evans
Early Career.
Service as Associate Justice.
Service as Chief Justice.
Humphrey's Executor v. United States,
Hunt, Ward
Hurley v. Irish-American GLB Group of Boston, Inc.,
Hurtado v. California,
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell,
Hutchinson v. Proxmire,
Hylton v. United States,
Illinois Ex. Rel. Mccollum v. Board of Education,
Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha,
Impact of Court Decisions.
Implied Powers.
Impoundment Powers.
In Camera.
Income Tax.
Income Tax Cases.
Incorporation Doctrine.
Independent and Adequate State Grounds Doctrine.
Indian Bill of Rights.
In Forma Pauperis.
Inherent Powers.
Inheritance and Illegitimacy.
Injunctions and Equitable Remedies.
Decline of State Immunity
Broadening Use of Injunctions
Criminal Cases
In Personam Jurisdiction.
In Re
In Rem Jurisdiction
Insanity Defense,
Insolvency Legislation.
Insular Cases.
Insurance Rates, Equality and.
Intergovernmental Tax Immunity.
Intermediate Scrutiny
International Impact of Court Decisions.
International Union v. Johnson Controls, Inc.,
Interpretivism and Noninterpretivism.
Interstate Commerce Commission.
Interstate Compacts.
Inverse Condemnation.
Iredell, James
Jackson, Andrew
Jackson, Howell Edmonds
Jackson, Robert Houghwout
Jackson-Black Feud.
Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co.,
Japanese Relocation.
Jay, John
J.E.B. v. Alabama Ex Rel T.B.,
Jefferson, Thomas
Jenner-Butler Bill,
Johnson, Thomas
Johnson, William
Johnson and Graham's Lessee v. McIntosh,
Johnson v. De Grandy,
Johnson v. Louisiana,
Johnson v. Santa Clara County,
Johnson v. Zerbst,
Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath,
"Join Three"
Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co.,
Jones v. Van Zandt,
Judicial Activism,
Judicial Conference of the United States.
Judicial Ethics.
Judicial Immunity from Civil Damages.
Judicial Improvements and Access to Justice Act.
Judicial Power and Jurisdiction.
The Power of Judges.
Federal Jurisdiction and National Power.
Jurisdiction and Political Preferences.
Judicial Review
Early Decisions.
Practice Emerges.
Modern Practice.
Judicial Self-Restraint,
Judiciary Act of 1789.
Judiciary Acts of 1801 and 1802.
Judiciary Act of 1837.
Judiciary Act of 1866.
Judiciary Act of 1869.
Judiciary Act of 1875.
Judiciary Act of 1891.
Judiciary Act of 1925.
Just Compensation,
Justices, Number of.
Juvenile Justice,
Kagama, United States v.,
Kastigar v. United States,
Katzenbach v. McClung,
Katzenbach v. Morgan,
Katz v. United States,
Kendall v. United States Ex Rel. Stokes,
Kennedy, Anthony McLeod
Kentucky v. Dennison,
Kent v. Dulles,
Ker v. California,
Keyes v. Denver School District No. 1,
Keyishian v. Board of Regents,
Keystone Bituminous Coal Association v. Debenedictis,
Kidd v. Pearson,
Kilbourn v. Thompson,
King, Edward
Klopfer v. North Carolina
Knaebel, Ernest
Knox v. Lee.
Korean War.
Korematsu v. United States,
Kunz v. New York,
Hostility to Class-based Reform
Antilabor Injunctions
New Deal Reversals
Labor Loses Ground
Laissez-Faire Constitutionalism.
Lamar, Joseph Rucker
Lamar, Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus
Land Grants.
Lanza, United States v.,
Lassiter v. Northampton County Board of Elections,
Lawrence v. Texas,
Lawyers' Edition
Least Dangerous Branch.
Least Restrictive Means Test.
Lee v. Weisman,
Legal Counsel, Office of.
Legal Defense Fund.
Legal Realism.
Legal Tender Cases,
Legislative Districting.
Legislative-Executive Agreements.
Legislative Standing
Legislative Veto.
Lemon Test
Lemon v. Kurtzman,
Leon, United States v.,
License Cases.
Lincoln, Abraham
Nature of the Lincoln Court
Prosecution of the War
Activist Wartime Court
Emancipation, Citizenship, and Reconstruction
The Postwar Era and the Johnson Administration
Lincoln, Levi
Lind, Henry Curtis
Literacy Tests.
Livingston, Henry Brockholst
Lochner v. New York,
Locke v. Davey,
Loewe v. Lawlor,
Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock,
Lopez, United States v.,
Lottery Cases.
Louisiana Ex Rel. Francis v. Resweber,
Louisville, New Orleans and Texas Railway Co. v. Mississippi,
Louisville Railroad Co. v. Letson,
Lovell v. City of Griffin,
Lovett, United States v.,
Loving v. Virginia,
Lower Federal Courts.
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council,
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife,
Lurton, Horace Harmon
Luther v. Borden,
Lynch v. Donnelly,
Madison, James
Magnet Schools.
Mallory v. United States,
Malloy v. Hogan,
Mandamus, Writ of.
Mann Act.
Mapp v. Ohio,
Marbury v. Madison,
Maritime Law.
Marshall, John
Marshall, Thurgood
Marshall Statue.
Marshall v. Barlow's Inc.,
Marshals of the Court.
Martial Law.
Martin, Luther
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee,
Martin v. Mott,
Maryland v. Craig
Massachusetts v. Mellon,
Massiah v. United States,
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine, Inc.,
Maternity Leave.
Matthews, Thomas Stanley
Maxwell v. Dow,
McCardle, Ex Parte,
McCarran Act.
McCleskey v. Kemp,
McCleskey v. Zant,
McConnell v. Federal Election Commission,
McCray v. United States,
McCulloch v. Maryland,
Opinion of the Court
Impact and Reaction
McKeiver v. Pennsylvania,
McKenna, Joseph
McKinley, John
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education,
McLean, John
McReynolds, James Clark
Metro Broadcasting v. Federal Communications Commission,
Meyer v. Nebraska,
Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo,
Michael M. v. Superior Court of Sonoma County,
Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz,
Michigan v. Long,
Micou, William Chatfield
Midnight Judges.
Military Justice
Military Trials and Martial Law.
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
Miller, Samuel Freeman
Miller v. California,
Miller v. Johnson,
Milligan, Ex Parte,
Milliken v. Bradley,
Minersville School District v. Gobitis,
Minnesota Rate Cases.
Minnesota Twins.
Minor v. Happersett,
Minton, Sherman
Miranda v. Arizona,
Facts of the Case
Concerns about Miranda's Future
The Reaffirmation of Miranda
Miranda Warnings.
Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan,
Mississippi v. Johnson,
Missouri Ex Rel. Gaines v. Canada,
Missouri v. Holland,
Missouri v. Jenkins (1990),
Missouri v. Jenkins (1995),
Mistretta v. United States,
Mobile v. Bolden,
Moment of Silence.
Monell v. Department of Social Services,
Monetary Powers.
Monterey v. Del Monte Dunes.
Moody, William Henry
Moore, Alfred
Moore v. Dempsey,
Moose Lodge v. Irvis,
Morehead v. New York Ex Rel. Tipaldo,
Morgan v. Virginia,
Morrison v. Olson,
Morrison, United States v.,
Mugler v. Kansas,
Mulford v. Smith,
Muller v. Oregon,
Municipal Corporations.
Munn v. Illinois,
Murdock v. Memphis,
Murdock v. Pennsylvania,
Murphy, Frank
Murphy v. Waterfront Commission of New York,
Murray's Lessee v. Hoboken Land & Improvement Co.,
Muskrat v. United States,
Myers v. United States,
Nabrit, James M., Jr.
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People,
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People v. Alabama Ex Rel. Patterson,
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People v. Button,
National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.,
National League of Cities v. Usery,
National Organization for Women
National Police Power.
National Security.
Role of the Courts.
Since 1950, a Shifting Balance.
National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab,
Native Americans.
The Constitution and the Foundational Federal Indian Law Cases.
Crow Dog and Native American Law in the Indian Nations.
The Supreme Court and Federal Indian Law in the Assimilation Period.
The Supreme Court and Federal Indian Law in the Twentieth Century.
Natural Law
Neagle, In Re,
Near v. Minnesota,
Nebbia v. New York,
Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart,
Necessary and Proper Clause.
Nelson, Samuel
New Commerce Clause.
New Deal.
Newsroom Searches.
New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann,
New States.
New York State Club Association v. City of New York,
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan,
New York Times Co. v. United States,
New York v. Belton,
New York v. Miln,
Nine Old Men.
Nineteenth Amendment.
Ninth Amendment
Modern Interpretations.
Identifying Unenumerated Rights.
Nixon, Richard
Nixon, United States v.,
Nixon v. Administrator of General Services,
Nixon v. Condon,
Nixon v. Herndon,
Nixon v. United States,
Nollan v. California Coastal Commission,
Nomination of Justices.
Nominations, Controversial.
Nominees, Rejection of.
Nonverbal Expression.
Norfolk Southern Railway Co. v. Shanklin,
Norris v. Alabama,
Norris v. Boston.
Northern Securities Co. v. United States,
Northwest Ordinance.
Noto v. United States,
Number of Justices.
Obiter Dictum
O'Brien, United States v.,
Obscenity and Pornography.
O'Connor, Sandra Day
Ogden v. Saunders,
O'Gorman and Young v. Hartford Fire Insurance Co.,
Old City Hall, Philadelphia.
Olmstead v. United States,
Olney, Richard
One Person, One Vote.
Opinions, Assignment and Writing of.
Opinions, Style of.
Reduction to Writing
Opinion of the Court
Proliferation of Dissents
Law Clerks and Verbosity
Evaluating the Justices
Oral Argument.
Orders List.
Ordinary Scrutiny.
Oregon v. Mitchell; Texas v. Mitchell; United States v. Arizona,
Original Intent
Original Jurisdiction
Original Package Doctrine.
Orr v. Orr,
Osborne v. Ohio,
Osborn v. Bank of the United States,
Otto, William Tod
Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph Co. v. Oregon,
Paid Docket.
Paintings in the Supreme Court Building.
Palko v. Connecticut,
Palmer v. Thompson,
Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan,
Pardon Power.
Parker, John Johnston
Parker v. Davis.
Party System.
Pasadena Board of Education v. Spangler,
Passenger Cases
Paterson, William
Patterson v. McLean Credit Union,
Paul v. Virginia,
Payne v. Tennessee,
Payton v. New York,
Peckham, Rufus Wheeler
Peckham, Wheeler Hazard
Peirce v. New Hampshire.
Penn Central Transportation Co. v. City of New York,
Pennoyer v. Neff,
Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon,
Pennsylvania v. Nelson,
Pennsylvania v. Wheeling and Belmont Bridge Co.,
Penry v. Lynaugh,
Pentagon Papers Case.
Pepper, George Wharton
Per Curiam
Peremptory Challenges.
Perry v. United States.
Personnel Administrator of Massachusetts v. Feeney,
Peters, Richard, Jr.
Petition, Right of.
Petitioner and Respondent.
Petit Juries.
Pierce v. Society of Sisters,
Pinkney, William
Pitney, Mahlon
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey,
Plea Bargaining
Plessy v. Ferguson,
Plurality Opinions,
Plyler v. Doe,
Pointer v. Texas,
Police Power.
Early History.
The Supreme Court and Emerging Police Power Doctrines.
State Courts and Police Power.
The Conservative Era.
Federal Police Power Doctrine.
The Modern Era.
Political Parties
Political Process.
Nature of American Politics.
Supreme Court and Federal Supremacy.
Supreme Court and National Policy.
Supreme Court and the States.
Court and the Political Process, Writ Small
Political Questions.
Supreme Court and Modern American Politics.
Political Questions
First Definition.
Political Questions and Reapportionment.
Political Questions and the Separation of Powers.
Political Questions and Impeachment.
Political Thicket,
Pollak, Walter Heilprin
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.,
Poll Taxes
Popular Images of the Court.
Postal Power.
Powell, Lewis Franklin, Jr.
Powell v. Alabama,
Powell v. McCormack,
Powers v. Ohio,
Prayer in Public Schools.
Preferred Freedoms Doctrine.
Pregnancy, Disability, and Maternity Leaves.
Presidential Emergency Powers.
Press, Freedom of the.
Press Confidentiality.
Press Coverage.
Presser v. Illinois,
Press Room.
Pretrial Publicity and the Gag Rule.
Prigg v. Pennsylvania,
Printz v. United States,
Prior Restraint.
Prisoners' Rights of Speech.
Definitional Dilemmas.
Privacy and Political Liberalism.
Defending Minorities.
Privacy versus Secrecy.
Autonomous Choice.
Regulation of Private Property.
Information Control.
Lack of Constitutional Foundation
Limits on Privacy.
News Media.
Privacy as a Public Matter.
Private Corporation Charters.
Private Discriminatory Associations.
Privileges and Immunities.
The Article IV Privileges and Immunities Clause.
The Fourteenth Amendment's Privileges or Immunities Clause.
Prize Cases,
Probable Cause.
Procedural Due Process.
Prohibition, Writ of,
Property Rights.
Property Rights and Natural Law.
The Marshall and Taney Courts.
Civil War and Reconstruction.
Economic Due Process.
Declining Importance of Contracts Clause.
Income Tax.
Laissez Faire and Social Legislation.
The New Deal and "Constitutional Revolution."
Late-Twentieth-Century Developments
Pro Se Petition,
Providence Bank v. Billings,
Prudential Insurance Co. v. Benjamin,
Public Forum Doctrine.
Public Information Office.
Public Lands.
Public Opinion.
Public Use Doctrine.
Punitive Damages.
Pure Speech.
Putzel, Henry, Jr.,
Quirin, Ex Parte,
Quo Warranto.
Race and Racism.
Antebellum Era.
Reconstruction Amendments and Their Aftermath.
Early Twentieth Century: From Plessy to Brown .
Warren Era.
Burger and Rehnquist Courts.
School Desegregation.
Discriminatory Impact.
Voting Rights.
Affirmative Action.
Race Discrimination and the Death Penalty.
Ranking of the Justices.
R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul,
Rawls, John
Read, John Meredith
Reagan, Ronald
Reapportionment Cases,
Red Lion Broadcasting Co., Inc. v. Federal Communications,
Reed, Stanley Forman
Reed v. Reed,
Reese, United States v.,
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke,
Regulatory Taking.
Rehnquist, William Hubbs
Released Time,
Original Understanding and Historical Development.
De Facto Establishment.
Modern Pluralism, Secularism, and Expanded Government.
General Establishment Clause Standards.
Financial Aid to Religion.
Aid to Religious Elementary and Secondary Schools.
Other Contexts: Higher Education and Social Services.
Constitutional Rights to Equal Aid.
Nonfinancial Sponsorship of Religion.
Government-Sponsored Religion in Public Schools.
Voluntary Religious Activity in Public Schools.
Nonschool Contexts.
Free Exercise of Religion.
Mandated Exemptions for Religious Conduct.
Removal Act of 1875.
Removal of Cases.
Removal Power.
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union,
Reply, Right of.
Reporters, Supreme Court.
Reporting of Opinions.
Republican Party of Minnesota v. White,
Reserved Powers.
Resignation and Retirement.
Res Judicata.
Restrictive Covenants.
Reversals of Court Decisions by Amendment.
Reversals of Court Decisions by Congress.
Reverse Discrimination.
Review, Process of.
Reynolds v. Sims,
Reynolds v. United States,
Rice v. Cayetano,
Richardson, United States v.,
Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia,
Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co.,
Right to.
Right to Bear Arms.
Ring v. Arizona,
Ripeness and Immediacy.
Robel, United States v.,
Roberts, Owen Josephus
Roberts v. United States Jaycees,
Robing Room,
Robinson v. California,
Robinson v. Memphis and Charleston Railroad.
Rochin v. California,
Roe v. Wade,
Blackmun's Analysis.
Criticism and Aftermath of Roe.
Roman Law.
Romer v. Evans,
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano.
Rosenberg v. United States,
Rosenberger v. University of Virginia,
Rose's Notes on the United States Reports,
Ross, United States v.,
Rostker v. Goldberg,
Roth v. United States; Albert's v. California,
Royal Exchange in New York City.
Rule-Making Power
Rule of Four,
Rule of Reason
Rules of the Court.
Runyon v. McCrary,
Rust v. Sullivan,
Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois,
Rutledge, John
Rutledge, Wiley Blount, Jr.
St. Clair, James
Salaries of the Justices.
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez,
Sanford, Edward Terry
Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Co.,
Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez,
Scales v. United States,
Scalia, Antonin
Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States,
Schenck v. United States,
School Attendance.
School Prayer and Bible Reading.
Scottsboro Cases.
Scott v. Sandford,
The Federal Suit
Sculpture in the Supreme Court Building.
Seamstress's Room,
Search Warrant Rules, Exceptions to.
Second Amendment.
Sedition Act of 1798.
Seditious Libel.
Segregation, De Facto.
Segregation, De Jure.
Selection of Justices.
Actors in the Selection of Justices
Criteria for the Selection of Justices
Looking Ahead
Selective Draft Law Cases.
Selective Exclusiveness.
Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida,
Senate Judiciary Committee.
Senatorial Courtesy
Separability of Statutes.
Separate but Equal Doctrine
Separation of Powers.
Historical Background.
Separation and the Party System.
Judicial Independence in a Check and Balance System.
Judicial Enforcement of Separation.
Scope of Presidential Authority.
Congress vis-à-vis the Executive.
Delegation of Power.
Administrative Personnel.
Policy Differences.
Summary and Conclusion.
Seriatim Opinions.
Seventeenth Amendment.
Seventh Amendment.
Sex Discrimination.
Sexual Harassment.
Shapiro v. Thompson,
Shaw v. Reno,
Shelley v. Kraemer,
Sheppard v. Maxwell,
Sherman Antitrust Act.
Shiras, George, Jr.
Shreveport Rate Cases
Siebold, Ex Parte,
Silver Platter Doctrine.
Sit-In Demonstrations,
Sixteenth Amendment.
Sixth Amendment
Speedy Trial.
Public Trial.
Jury Trial.
Notice of the Accusation.
Confrontation of Opposing Witnesses.
Compulsory Process for Obtaining Favorable Witnesses.
Assistance of Counsel.
Skinner v. Oklahoma,
Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives Association,
Slaughterhouse Cases,
Constitutional Structure and Slavery.
African Slave Trade and the Supreme Court.
Slavery and Interstate Commerce.
Slavery and Extraterritoriality: Fugitive Slaves.
Slaves in Transit and Slavery in the Territories.
Slip Opinion.
Slochower v. Board of Education of New York City,
Smith, William
Smith Act.
Smith v. Allwright,
Smyth v. Ames,
Social Background of the Justices.
Social Science.
Sociological Jurisprudence.
Solicitor General.
Souter, David Hackett
South Carolina v. Katzenbach,
South Dakota v. Dole,
South-Eastern Underwriters Association, United States v.,
Sovereign Immunity,
Spallone v. United States,
Speech and the Press.
Words of the First Amendment.
Speech versus Press.
No Prior Restraint or Compelled Publication.
Licensing and Regulation of Speech
Access and News Gathering.
Civil and Criminal Liability.
Speech or Debate Clause.
Speedy Trial.
Spencer, John C.
Spite Nominations.
Springer v. United States,
Staff of the Court, Nonjudicial.
Stanbery, Henry
Standard Oil v. United States,
Standing to Sue
Prudential Limitations
Other Issues
Stanford v. Kentucky,
Stanley, United States v.
Stanley v. Georgia,
Stanton, Edwin M.
Stanton v. Stanton,
Stare Decisis.
State Action.
State Constitutions and Individual Rights.
State Courts.
State Police Power.
State Regulation of Commerce.
Early Cases.
Recent Law.
State Sedition Laws
State Sovereignty and States' Rights
State Taxation.
Statutory Construction
Steel Seizure Case.
Stevens, John Paul
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis,
Stewart, Potter
Stone, Harlan Fiske
Stone v. Mississippi,
Stone v. Powell,
Stop and Frisk Rule.
Story, Joseph
Strauder v. West Virginia,
Strawbridge v. Curtiss,
Stream of Commerce.
Strict Scrutiny
Stromberg v. California,
Strong, William
Stuart v. Laird,
Sturges v. Crowninshield,
Substantive Due Process.
Sugar Trust Case.
Sunday Closing Laws,
Supreme Court Reporter,
Suspect Classification.
Sutherland, George
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education,
Swayne, Noah Haynes
Sweatt v. Painter,
Swift & Co. v. United States,
Swift v. Tyson,
Symbolic Speech.
Taft, William Howard
Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council v. Tahoe Regional Planning,
Takings Clause.
Talton v. Mayes,
Taney, Roger Brooke
Early Career
Service on the Court
Tape Recordings.
Tax Immunities.
Taxing and Spending Clause.
Taylor v. Louisiana,
Tennessee v. Lane,
Tenth Amendment.
Terminiello v. Chicago,
Territories and New States.
Terrorism, War On.
Terry, David Smith
Terry v. Adams,
Terry v. Ohio,
Test Cases.
Test Oaths.
Texas and Pacific Railway Co. v. United States.
Texas v. Johnson,
Texas v. White,
Thayer, James Bradley
Third Amendment.
Thirteenth Amendment.
Thomas, Clarence
Thompson, Smith
Thornberry, William Homer
Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists,
Thornhill v. Alabama,
Thurlow v. Massachusetts.
Tidelands Oil Controversy.
Time, Inc. v. Hill,
Time, Place, and Manner Rule,
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District,
Todd, Thomas
Travel, Right to.
Treaties and Treaty Power.
Trial by Jury.
Tribe, Lawrence H.
Trimble, Robert
Trop v. Dulles,
Truax v. Corrigan,
Twelfth Amendment.
Twentieth Amendment.
Twenty-Fifth Amendment.
Twenty-First Amendment.
Twenty-Fourth Amendment
Twenty-Second Amendment.
Twenty-Seventh Amendment.
Twenty-Sixth Amendment.
Twenty-Third Amendment.
Twining v. New Jersey,
Tyler, John
Tyson v. Banton,
Ullman v. United States,
Understanding Tests
United Jewish Organizations of Williamsburgh v. Carey,
United Mine Workers, United States v.,
United Public Workers v. Mitchell,
United States District Court, United States v.,
United States Law Week.
United States Reports,
United Steelworkers of America v. Weber,
Unprotected Speech.
Fighting Words
Quasi-Protected Speech and New Categories
U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton,
Van Devanter, Willis
Veazie Bank v. Fenno,
Veronia School District v. Acton,
Vested Rights.
Veto Power.
Vietnam War.
Vinson, Frederick Moore
Virginia, United States v.,
Virginia v. Tennessee,
Virginia v. West Virginia,
Vote, Right to.
The Constitutional Right to Vote
Enfranchisement of African-Americans
The Voting Rights Act
Voting Rights of Other Individuals
Voting Rights Act of 1965.
History of African-American Voting Rights
The Civil Rights Movement
Direct Federal Intervention
Extensions of the Act
Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railway Co. v. Illinois,
Wade, United States v.,
Waite, Morrison Remick
Wallace, John William
Wallace v. Jaffree,
Walworth, Reuben Hyde
Civil War
World War I
World War II
Vietnam and Its Aftermath
The Post–Cold War World
Ward's Cove Packing Co. v. ATO-NIO,
Ware v. Hylton,
War on Terrorism.
War Powers
War Powers Act of 1973.
Warren, Charles
Warren, Earl
Wartime Seizure Power
Washington, Bushrod
Washington, George
Washington v. Davis,
Washington v. Glucksberg and Vacco v. Quill,
Watergate Affair.
Watkins v. United States,
Wayne, James Moore
Web and Computer Access.
Webster, Daniel
Webster v. Reproductive Health Services,
Weeks v. United States,
Weems v. United States,
Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld,
Wesberry v. Sanders,
West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish,
Weston v. Charleston,
West River Bridge Co. v. DIX,
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette,
Wheaton, Henry
White, Byron Raymond
White, Edward Douglass
White Primary.
Whitney v. California,
Whittaker, Charles Evans
Wickard v. Filburn,
Wiener v. United States,
Williams, George Henry
Williams v. Florida,
Williams v. Mississippi,
Willson v. Blackbird Creek Marsh Co.,
Wilson, James
Winship, in Re,
Winstar Corporation, United States v.,
Wirt, William,
Wisconsin v. Yoder,
Witnesses, Confrontation of.
Wolcott, Alexander
Wolff Packing Co. v. Court of Industrial Relations,
Wolf v. Colorado,
Wong, Kim Ark, United States v.,
Woodbury, Levi
Woodruff v. Parham,
Woods, William Burnham
Woodson v. North Carolina,
Woodward, George W.
Worcester v. Georgia.
World War I
Enlargement of Federal Power
Limits on Dissent
World War II.
Economic Regulation
Freedom of Expression
Military Trials
Wyatt, Walter
Yakus v. United States,
Yarbrough, Ex Parte,
Yates v. United States,
Yellow Dog Contracts
Yick Wo v. Hopkins,
Young, Ex Parte,
Younger v. Harris,
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer,
Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc..
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris,
Zorach v. Clauson,
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily,
Further Material
Appendix One The Constitution of the United States
Article. I.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Section 4.
Section 5.
Section 6.
Section 7.
Section 8.
Section 9.
Section 10.
Article. II.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Section 4.
Article. III.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Article. IV.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Section 4.
Article. V.
Article. VI.
Article. VII.
Amendment I.
Amendment II.
Amendment III.
Amendment IV.
Amendment V.
Amendment VI.
Amendment VII.
Amendment VIII.
Amendment IX.
Amendment X.
Amendment XI.
Amendment XII.
Amendment XIII.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Amendment XIV.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Section 4.
Section 5.
Amendment XV.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Amendment XVI.
Amendment XVII.
Amendment XVIII.
Amendment XIX.
Amendment XX.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Section 4.
Section 5.
Section 6.
Amendment XXI.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Amendment XXII.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Amendment XXIII.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Amendment XXIV.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Amendment XXV.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Section 3.
Section 4.
Amendment XXVI.
Section 1.
Section 2.
Amendment XXVII.
Appendix Two Nominations and Succession of the Justices
Supreme Court Nominations, 1789–1991
Appointments, by Presidential Term
Chronology of the Justices' Succession
Succession of the Justices
Appendix Three Trivia and Traditions of the Court
Traditions of the Court
Case Index
Topical Index
Sign up for alerts
I, Illegitimacy.
Edited By: Kermit L. Hall, James W. Ely Jr., Joel B. Grossman
The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States (2nd Edition)
Edited By: Kermit L. Hall
Content type:
Book content
US Constitutional Law [USC]
Oxford Companions
Published in print:
23 June 2005


text:
Need help?
Follow Us
"The bond with a true dog is as lasting as the ties of this earth will ever be." – Konrad Lorenz
"I have studied many philosophers and many cats. The wisdom of cats is infinitely superior." - Hippolyte A. Taine
"Ideas are like rabbits. You get a couple and learn how to handle them, and pretty soon you have a dozen." - John Steinbeck
"When you own a bird, happiness is all around you." - unknown
"Owning a pet fish makes you realize how beautiful silence is." - Abigail Ho
"No act of kindness, now matter how small, is ever wasted."
Enter your e-mail and password:
New customer? Create your account
Lost password? Recover password
Enter your email:
Remembered your password? Back to login
Please fill in the information below:
Already have an account? Login here
Your cart is empty
L50 x W10 x H2cm
Thank you for shopping with us!The Return and Exchange Policy described below applies only to online purchases made through our website.
Retail Store
Opening HoursMon - Sat : 9am - 7pm
Closed onSundays & Public HolidaysQuery / ReservationCall : 6779 5309 WhatsApp : 8022 8538
Free delivery with orders above $100
- Deliver within 4 working days
- Limited to within Singapore only
Delivery Island-wide
Online Order (Query) Call : 6219 3394 WhatsApp : 9823 9155
Phone OrderCall / WhatsApp : 9438 8938Customer ServiceMon - Fri : 9:30am - 6pmSaturday : 9:30am - 5pm
Closed onSunday & Public email@example.com
Secure payments
Our website is protected with SSL (secure socket layer) encryption.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Vandalism may not be the first issue that comes to mind when you think about your commercial insurance. Unfortunately, this concern is very real and can lead to serious destruction of your property. It is often expensive to repair, and acts such as graffiti can have far-reaching consequences for your business.
Why Commercial Property Insurance is Crucial
Even a single act of vandalism can directly impact your business's ability to operate. For example, slashed tires on delivery vehicles will seriously impact customer service. Not only will the vehicles be costly to repair, but the failure to deliver goods or services affects your valued customers. Broken windows pose a safety hazard due to both broken glass and exposing interior spaces to the elements, and damages may extend far beyond the cosmetic. Graffiti takes time and resources to cover up with a fresh coat of paint, and if you don't have vandalism coverage for your business, the costs involved can skyrocket.
The Hidden Costs of Vandalism: Lost Earnings and Safety
As a business owner, you understand that a professional appearance is key in providing your clients or customers with confidence in your enterprise. Not only is graffiti unsightly, it can also be associated with dangerous gang activities. Broken windows and other acts of vandalism must be resolved immediately. Customers may feel threatened or unsafe when it is apparent that vandals have been busy in the area.
In addition to impacting the perception of your business, acts of vandalism pose a threat to the safety of your employees, as damaged or broken equipment doesn't just impede productivity – it can be hazardous and increase the risk of serious injuries.
Business Insurance for When You Need It
When the unexpected happens and an individual act of vandalism or an episode of rioting has left your business damaged, you'll want to know exactly what your insurance policies cover. In the wake of an act of vandalism, if you are unable to repair the damage immediately it may cost you in the long run. Some businesses without the necessary coverage to protect against vandalism are unable to recover. Don't be caught off guard when you need protection most: contact us to find out what commercial property coverage you can get to minimize the damages.
Filed Under: Business Insurance | Tagged With: Commercial Property Insurance, Commercial Auto Insurance


text:
Apokatastasis (alternately apocatastasis from Greek: ἀποκατάστασις; literally, "restoration" or "return") is the teaching that everyone will, in the end, be saved. It looks toward the ultimate reconciliation of good and evil; all creatures endowed with reason, angels and humans, will eventually come to a harmony in God's kingdom. It is based on, among other things, St. Peter's speech in Acts 3.21 ("Christ Jesus who must remain in heaven until the time of the final restoration of all things χρόνων ἀποκαταστάσεως πάντων") and St. Paul's letter to Timothy in which he says that it is God's will that all men should be saved (1 Timothy 2.4).
For Origen, this explicitly included the devil. In effect, apocatastasis denies the final reality of hell, and interprets all Biblical references to the "fires of hell" not as an eternal punishment, but a tool of divine teaching and correction, akin to purgatory. The implication is that hell exists to separate good from evil in the soul.
Among Catholics in the twentieth-century, this doctrine was reinvigorated especially by Hans Urs von Balthasar, who, in his book Dare We Hope 'That All Men Be Saved? (1988), expressed a qualified version of apocatastasis in which we may "hope" that all will be saved. Keeping in mind the conciliar condemnation of Origen, Orthodox theologians who tend towards universalism (the belief that all will be saved) usually argue that all may be saved.
St. Augustine wrote the following about Origen:
- "I am aware that I now have to engage in a debate, devoid of rancor, those compassionate Christians who refuse to believe that the punishment of hell will be everlasting either in the case of all those men whom the completely just Judge accounts deserving of that chastisement, or at least in the case of some of them; they hold that they are to be set free after fixed limits of time have been passed, the periods being longer or shorter in proportion to the magnitude offences. On this subject the most compassionate of all was Origen who believed that the Devil himself and his angels will be rescued from their torments and brought into the company of the holy angels, after the more severe and more lasting chastisements appropriate to their deserts. But the Church has rejected Origen's teaching, and not without good reason, on account of this opinion and a number of others...
- "Very different, however, is the error, promoted by tenderness of heart and human compassion, of those who suppose that the miseries of those condemned by that judgement will be temporal, whereas the felicity of all men, who are released after a shorter or longer period, will be everlasting. Now if this opinion is good and true, just because it is compassionate, then it will be the better and the truer the more compassionate it is. Then let the fountain of compassion be deepened and enlarged until it extends as far as the evil angels, who must be set free, although, of course, after many ages, and ages of any length that can be imagined! ...For all that, his error would manifestly surpass all errors in its perversity, its wrong-headed contradiction of the express words of God, by the same margin as, in his own estimation, his belief surpasses all other opinions in its clemency."
- — St. Augustine of Hippo, City of God 21.17 (trans. Bettenson)
Clement of Alexandria
Gregory of Nyssa
St. Gregory of Nyssa accepted the idea of apocatastasis from Origen. However, this part of St. Gregory's writings has been unequivocally rejected by the subsequent Church Fathers:
- St. Varsanofios the Great, criticizing the doctrine of apocatastasis, when asked about St. Gregory's opinion, has answered: "do not think that people, though also saints, could completely understand all depths of God... Even if a saint speaks about such opinions, you will not find that he confirmed the words as though had the statement from above, but that they resulted from the doctrine of his former teachers, and he, trusting their knowledge of them, did not inquire of God whether it was true."citation needed
- St. Herman of Constantinople has also expressed a negative opinion of the doctrine, but he supposes that the works of St. Gregory have been damaged by Origenists: "those who liked that absurd idea, as if for demons and for people who will be subjected to eternal punishment, is possible to expect the discontinuance... they have taken his clean and sensible works and have added the dark and disastrous poison of Origen's nonsense."citation needed
- St. Mark of Ephesus, after citing St. Gregory, exclaims: "Are we wrong when we do not believe those words of St. Gregory of Nyssa, considering them forgeries, or, even if they are original, to not accept as contradictory to Scripture and to the general dogma?"citation needed
- St. Maximus the Confessor, rejecting an Origenistic interpretation of apocatastasis, considered that St. Gregory used this term "in sense of restoration of cognitive forces of the man in that condition of the correct relation to truth."citation needed
- St. Photius the Great has expressed the Church's general interpretation in one phrase: "that in works of St. Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa, where restoration is mentioned, it is not accepted by the Church."citation needed
Evagrius Ponticus
Isaac of Syria
The Church reaction to Origenism
The anathemas of the local Council of Constantinople in 453, which is understood by most commentators to be confirmed by the Fifth Ecumenical Council in 553, posthumously excommunicated Origen and anyone following specific points of his teachings. These anathemas condemned his protology of pre-existent souls and his eschatology of universal restoration of all things "which follows from" his protology1:
- If anyone asserts the fabulous pre-existence of souls, and shall assert the monstrous restoration which follows from it: let him be anathema. (First anathema against Origen)
- If anyone shall say that all reasonable beings will one day be united in one, when the hypostases as well as the numbers and the bodies shall have disappeared, and that the knowledge of the world to come will carry with it the ruin of the worlds, and the rejection of bodies as also the abolition of [all] names, and that there shall be finally an identity of the γνῶσις and of the hypostasis; moreover, that in this pretended apocatastasis, spirits only will continue to exist, as it was in the feigned pre-existence: let him be anathema. (Fourteenth anathema against Origen)2
The decisions of ecumenical councils have universal authority in the Orthodox Church. Only doctrinal definitions have the force of dogma. Local councils only have authority within specific geographic limits.
Modern Advocates
Known proponents of either a qualified or unqualified doctrine of apocatastasis within the Orthodox Church include:
- Nikolai Berdyaev
- Archpriest Sergius Bulgakov
- Paul Evdokimov
- St Sophrony (Sakharov)
- Archimandrite Lazarus (Moore)
- Metropolitan Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia
- David Bentley Hart
Some prominent twentieth century non-Orthodox theologians who advocated this include:
- Hans Urs von Balthasar
- Richard John Neuhaus - Fr. Neuhaus follows von Balthasar's position which rejects any explicit doctrine that damnation is not a possibility. For his explanation, see FT0108.
- F. W. Farrar
- C. S. Lewis - at least, this claim is asserted in a dissertation entitled "All Will Be Well"
Sources and External links
- 1 Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia, "Dare we hope for the salvation of all?" in The Inner Kingdom: The Collected Works, vol. I, (Crestwood, NY: SVS Press, 2000).
- 2 The Anathemas against Origen, Anathema I, XIV. Online at CCEL. Access date: Dec 9, 2010.
- Wikipedia article
- Catholic Encyclopedia article
Other articles of interest
- The Population of Hell by Avery Cardinal Dulles, First Things133 (May 2003): 36-41
- Will all be saved? - Richard J. Neuhaus, First Things 115 (August/September 2001): 77-104.
- The Inflated Reputation of Hans Urs von Balthasar New Oxford Review, March 2000.
- Is Hell Closed Up & Boarded Over? - by David Watt, New Oxford Review, Feb. 1999.
- On Hope, Heaven and Hell - by Nick Jr. Healy, The University Concourse, Volume II, Issue 9. May 6, 1997.
- Von Balthasar and Salvation - by James T. O'Connor, Homiletic & Pastoral Review, July 1989.
- Adventures in New Testament Greek: Apocatastasis - a poem by Scott Cairns, Philokalia: New and Selected Poems, Zoo Press, March 1, 2002.


text:
Introduced : BIG-IP_v9.0
Gets the action to take when the node goes down for the specified
Return Type¶
Type | Description |
ServiceDownAction [] | Returns the action to take when the node goes down for the specified pools. |
Exception | Description |
Common::AccessDenied | Raised if the client credentials are not valid. |
Common::InvalidArgument | Raised if one of the arguments is invalid. |
Common::OperationFailed | Raised if an operation error occurs. |
See Also¶
The links to the sample code below are remnants of the old DevCentral wiki and will result in a 404 error. For best results, please copy the link text and search the codeshare directly on DevCentral.
Sample Code¶
- Java Object Ltm Pool - This Java class will wrap the iControl LTM Pool interface to make it look like an object.
The BIG-IP API Reference documentation contains community-contributed content. F5 does not monitor or control community code contributions. We make no guarantees or warranties regarding the available code, and it may contain errors, defects, bugs, inaccuracies, or security vulnerabilities. Your access to and use of any code available in the BIG-IP API reference guides is solely at your own risk.


text:
Windlass Steelcrafts
Sword Display Plaque
This item has been retired by the manufacturer.
- 800602
A Museum Replicas original; this sword display rack is made in the profile of the Medieval Classic Shield. This hand stained plaque measures 5-1/4" x 6-7/8" and includes brass hooks to hold your sword or dagger (maximum blade width 2-1/4"). Ready to hang.
Returns Policy
You may return, unopened items within 30 days of delivery for a full refund. We'll also pay the return shipping costs if the return is result of our error (you received an incorrect or defective item, etc.).
You should expect to receive your refund within four weeks of giving your package to the return shipper, however, in many cases you will receive a refund more quickly. This time period includes the transit time for us to receive your return from the shipper (5 to 10 business days), the time it takes us to process your return once we receive it (3 to 5 business days), and the time it takes your bank to process our refund request (5 to 10 business days).
An item can be returned to the address below. Enclose note in the package with your name, address, order number, a telephone number where we can reach you and any questions along with what action you request we take (such as exchange or refund). Remember to package the item securely and insure the item with the return carrier of your choice.
If using UPS or FedEx please send to:
Museum Replicas Ltd 2147 Gees Mill Road NE Conyers, GA 30013If using USPS please send to:
Museum Replicas Ltd PO Box 839 Conyers, GA 30012Shipping
At the time your order is placed, shipping will be calculated based on the availability of your items and the shipping options you choose.
Please note shipping rates are based on package dimension and weight.
Know more


text:
Здравейте ( Вход | Регистрация )
Това е темата, която пожелахте да видите |
You can view which new topics have new replies today by clicking on the 'Today's Active Topics' link found at the bottom of the main board page (the first page you see when visiting the board). You can set your own date criteria, choosing to view all topics with new replies during several date choices.
The 'View New Posts' link in the member bar at the top of each page, will allow you to view all of the topics which have new replies in since your last visit to the board. |
Олекотена версия | Час: 25th July 2024 - 05:32 PM |


text:
Why Countryside Vending Service?
You can have a Vending Machine installed for Your Business risk-free with our 60-day trial. We bring vending to businesses and facilities in the Countryside, IL area.
Our services are personalized to fit the needs of your employees and customers, giving them the products they want at a price they can afford. All of our vending machines meet ADA requirements and featuring iVend guaranteed product delivery. Our vending machines make purchasing easy as you can pay with credit card, phone, cash AND coin.
Personalized Service at the Highest Quality
With Combos, you get the convenience of snacks and beverages all in one machine! All the choices you want, in about half the space!
Top notched traditional and trending product lines
We offer a wide variety of snacks and drinks. Keep your employees and customers satisfied!
Brand Name Machines
Get your brand name vending machine today with No Contract, No Commitment and No Cost.
...All at no cost to you!!
Get Free Vending Service For Your Business or Office. We're a Vending Business who offers vending service throughout the Countryside, IL Area.
We offer Free Delivery, Installation & Service on Drink and Snack Machines. From installation to service, we manage everything.
Let's face it—you've got a business to run. Your time is limited. The last thing you need to worry about is vending. But here you are, searching for a vending machine because your staff and customers want one. Why not make it easy?
With our Free full-service program, you'll receive 24-hour customer care and the products you want. Simply fill out the form to Get Your Free Machine Now!
Looking for Countryside Vending Companies? Use Countryside Vending Service for All Your Vending Needs.


text:
As a handyman, you're the person who fixes items when they break. Your job is to help others, but even with the best of intentions, mistakes can happen that but your business on hold, potentially allowing competitors to step in and take your customers if you're out of business for too long.
If you don't have insurance yet, you may be wondering how much you need, and for what scenarios this insurance can be used. Experts agree that you should get insurance as soon as you can afford it, and to make sure you get enough of it to cover your risks—the minimum amount for a policy is often not enough for proper protection. INDEMNUS Insurance's goal is to make sure the coverage you receive is affordable and right for your circumstances, and we'll work with you to find a plan that meets your needs.
When handymen perform repairs or contracting jobs on homes or apartments, it's important for their customers and their business that the work be done well. Many contractor's policies operate on a job‑by‑job basis, which only covers individual jobs for their duration, so any problems that occur during maintenance or construction are covered. However, you may also want to obtain completed operations liability coverage, which will help you with any claims that arise after your job is done.
While some policies only cover individual jobs, you can also purchase plans that insure the crucial elements of your small business.
Your work isn't all that needs to be protected. Equipment is the heart of your business, and while you might not be worried about insuring a single hammer or crowbar, imagine how much it would cost to replace all of your tools were if they were destroyed by fire or other accident. They'd have to be replaced before you could even start working again, and the price tag could quickly climb into the thousands of dollars if you use several specialty tools.
Many handymen use a vehicle to transport their tools from job to job. If you're one of them, commercial vehicle insurance can provide coverage if something goes wrong, such as accidentally colliding with a part of the client's property.
Speak with one of our agents today about the benefits of a handyman insurance policy.
1. "49-9071 Maintenance and Repair Workers, General." U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Accessed April 20, 2016. http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes499071.htm.
2. "Handyman Insurance: A Complete Guide." Handyman Startup. Accessed April 20, 2016. http://www.handymanstartup.com/handyman-insurance/.


text:
The Herpetological Bulletin is a quarterly publication in English. It includes full-length papers, natural history notes, book reviews, and other items of general herpetological interest. Emphasis is placed on natural history and conservation as well as captive care that includes breeding, husbandry, veterinary, and behavioural aspects.
457 downloads
Diego G. Cisneros-Heredia


text:
Western Plow Part # 8737 – BOLT BAG ASSY
Western Plow Part #8737 – BOLT BAG ASSY
- Description
- Additional information
- Reviews (0)
Western Plow Part #8737 – BOLT BAG ASSY – The place to go for the most instock snow plow and spreader parts in the snow industry. Our Western parts are all 100% OEM, meaning direct from the Western Plow factory. Whether you need a set of new plow wings for your Western MVP3 V-Plow, a new snow deflector for your Western Wideout, wireless controls (from ControlAllWireless) for your Western 1000 Low Profile tailgate spreader, or a cutting edge for your Western Impact UTV Plow; you can trust that we'll have the part in stock and you'll be back pushing snow or spreading salt in no time! We know Western snow plows and spreaders inside and out, so locating those hard to find Western Plow Parts or Western Spreader Parts are a breeze. We'll also help troubleshoot your issue and locate the part you need quickly via our live chat in the lower right hand corner. Our Western snow plow part's expert is just a click away!
Additional information
Weight | 2 lbs |
Dimensions | 11 × 11 × 11 in |
There are no reviews yet.
Be the first to review "Western Plow Part # 8737 – BOLT BAG ASSY"
You must be logged in to post a review.


text:
DrydenWire.com has been informed by the Burnett County Clerk of Courts Office the following Criminal and Traffic Disposition and Warrant Status Reports for Burnett County.
NOTE: The names listed on the Warrant Status Report do not indicate that the person is guilty of a crime, only that there was a warrant on file for his/her arrest. If you have questions concerning a warrant, call the appropriate County Clerk of Courts Office. If you have any information on the whereabouts of the persons listed on this warrant list, please contact your local law enforcement agency. Fine-only warrants may be resolved by paying the fine at the County Clerk of Courts Office. There may be some delay between a warrant being paid/issued and the information being removed from this list.
Dispo and Warrant Status Report
- View this week's Burnett County Reports HERE (PDF).
Note: you can also view this week's report below if your device supports our in-page viewer (in-page viewer currently not supported on most Android devices and some browsers).
Last Update: Jul 02, 2020 10:57 am CDT


text:
WiseBond® Epoxy is the #1 National choice woodworkers turn to for durable, reliable, epoxy systems!
Order Epoxy in Miami NowDEEP POUR RIVER TABLE EPOXY | BAR TOP EPOXY | COUNTERTOP EPOXY | QUICK SET EPOXY | MICA POWDERS | EPOXY ALCOHOL INKS | LIQUID PIGMENTS | EPOXY CHAMELEON COLORANTS | TOOLS AND ACCESSORIES | Miami, Florida EPOXY DEALERS
WiseBond® epoxy products are proudly formulated, mixed, packaged and shipped to Miami from our facility in Florida.
Orders ship UPS Ground the next day after orders are received and normally arrive in 3-4 days.
Our epoxy is safe and meets the FDA CFR 175.300 Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 for food-contact surfaces.
WiseBond® epoxies are crystal clear when poured and cured. They are zero VOC and eco-friendly including high UV resistance features.
We hear it all the time… "WOW! That table is amazing! I'd love to be able to make a table like that!" Our customers know that we have the best epoxy on the market for river tables, epoxy tools, epoxy colorants, and customer service they require to be successful. Now anyone can make at a fair-price, beautiful epoxy resin tables and furniture. It is as easy as it seems, and it begins with your order of WiseBond® epoxy right here! Our table making epoxy systems are perfect for the beginner, DIYer, novices, and the professional woodworker making a living building furniture. We are epoxy enthusiasts, and we want the community of Miami, Florida to know that their satisfaction is our #1 goal. We personally answer the phone, handle chats and answer emails.
We continually ship epoxy supplies, deep pour epoxy kits, and table top epoxy kits directly to customer doors in Miami within just a few days. We pride ourselves on customer service, meeting your needs, assisting you from the beginning of your epoxy project to the very end. You can rest assured we have the woodworking knowledge you need to learn this epoxy art craft, and to become successful as an epoxy expert yourself in a short period. Simply put, we take as much pride as you do in beautifying your home, commercial spaces, and your customer orders.
Epoxy is our business and we are so confident that your epoxy bar top, 2" thick river table or countertop using WiseBond® will exceed your expatiations, that we will back our epoxy with a 100% guarantee. *
The WiseBond® Deep Pour epoxy is truly one of the only epoxy kits on the market that can pour in 1 single pour up to 2" deep. No layering, no multiple pours, no wasting time. Pour up to 8"x8" for casting art objects, memorabilia, or figurines for amazingly clear works of art. Pour once, pour deep!
Epoxy allows for a wide range of exciting colorful results. From faux granite and marble countertops to epoxy countertop restoration with earth tones of browns, blacks, and deep red to deep ocean blue river tables, the possibilities are endless.
Nothing says stylish like an artisan crafted piece of furniture. Our epoxy provides the foundation to making the perfect handcrafted wood table to the perfectly restored old Formica countertop that now looks like Carrera marble! Epoxy is the perfect way to spruce up your home dining or living area, restaurant bar top, or office conference table.
© 2024 - WiseBond®, A product of DeckWise®, The Ipe Clip® Fastener Company


text:
Thinner and Lighter Lenses
Do you desire thinner, lighter lenses? People with a lower refractive error generally don't think about the thickness of their lenses because they have many material options that are thin and light. People who have a stronger prescription, however, will notice a big difference in the weight and the appearance of their lenses with new materials. Watch the video to learn more!
Get Thinner and Lighter Lenses
People with a strong prescription usually want the thinnest and lightest lenses possible. Most eyewear choices are made of plastic or metal with rims thinner than the lens. In other cases, the frame has no rim at all and features rimless mountings. In either case, the edges of your lens are highly visible. Thicker edges can detract from the appearance of your eyewear.
The good news is that a variety of new plastic materials are available to provide thinner and lighter lenses. This means less lens material can be used to correct the same amount of prescription. High-index lenses are the thinnest, flattest, and most cosmetically appealing lens ever developed. Most high-index lenses have what is called an aspheric design. In addition to looking thinner, your lenses will also reduce the magnified "bug-eye" or "Coke-bottle" look often caused by thicker lenses.
Ask an optician here at Lambaria Eyecare Associates about which lens material will be best and most comfortable for you!


text:
Advice to People Who Leave the Fold
I'll begin with an actual email that's typical of the ones I receive:
Greetings. I know you must get tons of email everyday, and thus cannot respond to each one. I'm hoping just writing this will help. I'll keep my story short. It is similar to yours in many ways, although I confess I did not go as deeply into the intellectual end of Christianity as you did, however I consider myself a fairly intelligent person. Certainly, at least, a thoughtful one... I was converted to Pentecostal Christianity in my teen years following a rocky childhood…Here is my typical response: 1) I don't know you or your family to be able to give specific advice on what to do now. But I know I would tell your family and friends when the time was right. I would break it to them slowly by asking questions or by telling them you are investigating into the new atheists and show them the books you're reading. After all, if your faith is true then it should withstand the arguments to the contrary. And I would ask them the questions that these books are asking whenever I could. [Actually for anyone who is secretly reading this Blog and/or these books I would tell my Christian friends up front about this, just in the slim case that you might actually lose your faith. I would inform people from the very beginning so they would not be that shocked if you do deconvert.]
I pursued a calling in full time ministry for 9 years after going to Bible college for 4 years and being credentialed with the Assemblies of God. I was later ordained as well. Recently, due to some relatively minor occurrences, a floodgate of doubts has opened up to me in my faith. I had come across a couple of books that peaked my interest, such as Dawkins book "The God Delusion". I am currently working my way through it. I've always contended what good is your faith if it can't stand up to scrutiny? Well, mine isn't standing up very well. It is not the outside sources warring on me (such as Dawkins book, or the anti-christian bias of our culture), as much as my own struggle with my beliefs and being honest to myself. I find I am tortured going to church now.
I'll be honest. I'm scared. No, petrified. I feel like I've murdered someone and am trying to keep it a secret. My wife literally has no idea, and would / will come unglued when I finally bring the subject up. I'm scared of the response of my wife/kids/family, but also of the prospect of life without God. Yet I feel a strange sense of exhilaration as well, like a great burden may be soon lifted off my shoulders. This is what I experienced when I left the ministry.
As I said, I can't even believe I'm writing you this email. I've read through much of your blog. Yet there are a couple of questions that I didn't see addressed (perhaps they are in your book) that I think would be great for the average "joe" like me, who is really struggling in their faith.
1) What do I do now? How do I weed through all of the questions / struggles / problems going on in my head? Where do I start? How do I tell my family? How do I explain (there is no one simple answer)?
2) What would you say to the "guy on the street"? What I mean is this. I consider myself to be of average or slightly above average intelligence, with a higher motivation than most for understanding things (I enjoyed school). But what about the average guy that needs it boiled down in USA today fashion? Is there hope for this person, or do we merely leave them to struggle along with their faith? I REALLY appreciate your approach (not angry, bitter, condescending), like many other people who are anti-Christian.
I purchased your book today (linked through your site so you should get some commission), and I do intend to support the site. I know this gets a bit tricky, probably not wanting to take the Church approach of asking for donations, but I'm glad you have the option there. I still believe a workman is worth his wage. You are performing a great service, and I hope you are able to support yourself at some point through the service you provide. I am finding many of the stories and posts simply fascinating, and I've only scratched the surface. As I said, I'm very early in this journey, and not at all sure where it is going to take me. Either way, I'm glad you've made this site available. It is a Godsend (sorry, I just had to say that. I've a bit of a warped sense of humor).
I can't imagine how difficult it must have been in terms of the personal attacks you've had to endure. I am going to continue down this road, and your book seems to be the most "human" approach to the subject I've seen so far.
Best wishes to you, and thanks again.
2) To the "guy on the street" I'd say that Christianity doesn't make sense. That opens up the discussion. If they say you're not supposed to make sense of it but just believe, I say that advice doesn't make sense. ;-) Then I would tell them that if God exists he created us with our minds and if that's so we should use them. If God is a reasonable God then the truth should comport to reason. In fact, we are asked to love God with all of our minds (the greatest commandment). So if it doesn't make sense then there is a real problem for faith. I cannot do othewise but to use my mind. Such a faith should stand up to reason so by saying it's "not supposed to make sense" makes no sense. I cannot think otherwise.
Here are some similar links:
Some advice to those who leave Christianity.
Should I come out of the closet?.
I no longer believe: What do I tell my kids?.
Ed Owens' story.
Help me Convince my Brother, John!
Here's a link to a young man who feared the worse in telling his parent he no longer believed and found it to be just fine. They still love him--imagine that!


text:
Info legali
The purpose of this document is to inform visitors who browse and/or use this website about the general terms and conditions governing its use. By browsing and/or using this website, you fully and unreservedly accept the general terms and conditions of this website, as set out in this document.
Terms and conditions of use
The visitor agrees to use this website and the services offered in accordance with the law, these general terms and conditions, generally accepted morals, good practices and public order.
Persons or companies giving us information undertake to provide truthful details which do not violate any third parties or the law. Please contact us if you believe that the content or information on this website violates a legitimate right or current legislation.
Without any previous, explicit and written authorisation, the transfer, disclosure, sale, rental and/or public exposure of this website or any part thereof are strictly forbidden.
The user undertakes to compensate the owner of this website for any loss or damage which may be caused by the use thereof in violation of these general terms and conditions and/or current legislation.
A cookie is a small data file sent by the websites that you visit to your browser, which converts them into a text file, allowing the site to record information about your visit, preferred language and other options. This can make your next visit easier and the site more useful. Cookies play an important role. Without them, using the website would be a somewhat frustrating experience.
We use different types of cookies for the operation of the website. Some or all of the cookies identified below may be stored in your browser. You may view and manage cookies in your browser (although browsers for mobile devices may not offer this option).
PHPSESSID. This cookie helps us find out your preferences regarding the language of the website. It is deleted when the browser is closed.
ACCEPTCOOKIES. This cookie lets us know that you have accepted our cookies policy and that it is not necessary for us to notify you anymore. This cookie lasts for 1 year.
WEBIM_LITE. If this website has enabled the chat system, this cookie helps us find out the name you have chosen to contact us. This cookie lasts for 2 years.
We use some third-party services which may also store cookies in your browser, such as Google, as we use its map service to show you the location of the properties. You can see more information about Google cookies on this link.
Legal property
The owner of this website service is Global Rentals, registered address at C/ Churruca 2. Edif. Astigi Bajo 2 at 29640 Fuengirola (Málaga) - Spain, telephone number +34657902018 and email firstname.lastname@example.com, and is also the editor and owner of its content.
The content, information and advice expressed on this website should be understood as merely indicative. The owner is not liable in any way for the effectiveness or accuracy thereof, being exempt from any contractual or extracontractual liability with the person or company that makes use of them, as they shall decide at their own discretion the eventuality thereof.
The owner reserves the right to modify the content of the website without notice and without any restriction. The owner, and in turn Entersoftweb, S.L., as provider of the website service, accepts no liability for any damages which may be caused by the unavailability and/or outage of this website and the services offered on it.
The owner reserves the right to amend the general terms and conditions expressed in this document without any prior notice.
The general terms and conditions expressed in this document are governed by Spanish law. The owner, website visitors and any other person or company using any services provided on this website explicitly waive any other jurisdiction and duly submit to the courts and tribunals of the city of Fuengirola, for the resolution of any controversy or legal dispute which may arise.
Consumer information
All sale prices, both of second-hand properties and new-builds displayed on this website, shall be marked up with taxes and other expenses legally payable by the buyer, such as solicitors' fees, documented legal acts, land registry fees, VAT, property transfer tax, estate agency fees, etc.
In the case of offers for new-builds still in the project or construction stage, and for which down payments are foreseen, these amounts shall be guaranteed according to law, with the guarantor indicating the corresponding policy number, their current account number and whether said amount is a down payment, a deposit or a down payment and deposit of the final price.
In the case of rental properties, community expenses or any other expenses which may correspond to the use of electricity, gas, telephone, water, etc. are not included in the stated rent.
The consumer is entitled to receive a copy of the so-called brief informative document of the property.


text:
David Foster tickets schedule and inventory. The Kind Tickets has a great David Foster tickets for all performances. If you need help with any of your David Foster ticketing needs please give us a call and a representative will be happy to assist you at (800) 289-8425 or click here for live help.
THE PRICE YOU SEE IS THE PRICE YOU PAY WHEN ORDERING TICKETS! Unlike many of our competitors who add fees and service charges during the ordering process, The Kind Tickets does not. So you always know what you are paying upfront. Always check for added fees on other websites. We appreciate your business!
Thanks for visiting The Kind Tickets for all of your concerts, sports and theatre ticket needs. We appreciate your business!


text:
Regular price $180.00 $245.00
You will get an original quality product 100% same as the original. We will send it with original dust bag and box. It will be nice gift for your family, friends or yourself. Shipping time:
1 - 3 business days handling time. We provide tracking number for each shipment, you will notified once your order is shipped.
7- 10 business days for USA customers.
10- 15 days for worldwide shipping.
Return & Exchange Accepted in this cases :
We made mistake on order, package is damaged on delivery. Our goal is to provide 100% customer satisfaction.
Our team is available to answer all your question
people are currently looking at this product


text:
Welcome to the Roswell King Chapter, NSDAR
The Roswell King Chapter, NSDAR, is eager to answer your questions and help you along the path to becoming a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution (NSDAR or DAR). Few adventures in your life will be more rewarding than joining a society that promotes "God, Home, and Country." The objectives of the Roswell King Chapter, NSDAR, are to promote historic preservation along with encouraging active participation in educational and patriotic endeavors. Send us an EMAIL today...we are waiting to answer your questions!
Most of the volunteer work of DAR is accomplished under a committee system comprised of national chairs and locally appointed state and chapter chairs. Some of the numerous DAR committees promoting our mission include (but are not limited to): American Heritage, DAR Scholarship, Genealogical Records, Junior American Citizens, Literacy Promotion, The Flag of the United States of America, and National Defense. We can work together to make sure you play an active role with a committee you enjoy that addresses a subject close to your heart. Whether you hope to have an impact with school-aged children, teachers, nurses, veterans serving our country abroad, or women in this community, we can help you meet your volunteer goals. We look forward to hearing from you soon!


text:
Why is it that soldiers at our military installations seem to be sitting ducks? Are they unarmed? Why?
About Stan Guthrie
Stan Guthrie is an editor at large for Christianity Today magazine and for the Chuck Colson Center for Christian Worldview. His latest book is God's Story in 66 Verses. He also is author of All that Jesus Asks: How His Questions Can Teach and Transform Us, Missions in the Third Millennium: 21 Key Trends for the 21st Century, and A Concise Guide to Bible Prophecy. He is co-author of The Sacrament of Evangelism. Besides authoring, writing, and editing books, Stan is a literary agent, bringing together good authors, good books, and good publishers. Stan writes the monthly Priorities colum for BreakPoint.org. He has appeared on National Public Radio's Tell Me More, WGN's Milt Rosenberg program, and many Christian shows, including The Eric Metaxas Show and Moody Radio's New Day Florida. A licensed minister and an inspirational speaker, he served as moderator for the Christian Book Expo panel discussion, Does the God of Christianity Exist, and What Difference Does It Make?
This entry was posted in Thought of the Day. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Ashford Chroming provide gold plating in Barrhead scotland to customers in the area. Offering a FREE shipping service, we are the #1 choice for enthusiasts, diyers and hobbyists for their gold plating projects.
We have made it even easier to get a first class chroming job. You box em, we collect and we return. It's all part of our great chroming service.
With a choice of three finishes in a combination of brushed, sateen or polished, our Gold plating service is perfect for that luxury look and feel. We have a choice of Incalux, 24 Carat and Antique Gold.
New, old or vintage alike we can restore your items in gold plate and we collect and deliver anywhere in Barrhead scotland for free.
If you in the Barrhead scotland area and would prefer to talk to someone about your gold plating needs, we have an awesome team ready to help.
"I would like to thank Ashford Chroming for the excellent job you have done for me. The gold plated bathroom fittings look just like new I would highly recommend you


text: Rockar Jaguar would like to use cookies to store information on your computer, to improve our website and optimise your browsing experience. One of the cookies we use is essential for parts of the site to operate and has already been set. In addition, we have cookies in place which are designed to help deliver the most relevant Jaguar content and to enhance our future communications with you. You may delete and block all cookies from this site, but parts of the site will not work. To find out more about the cookies we use (and how to delete them), see our cookie policy and privacy policy.


text:
Summary Vehicle History Report below provided by AutoCheck.
AutoCheck® vehicle history reports deliver information on reported accidents, odometer rollback, lemon vehicles, branded titles and much more.
AutoCheck found record(s) for this
Get the full report to learn more:
Know the exact vehicle you want? One report may be all you need. Single Report $24.99
Researching more than one vehicle? Run as many reports as you like for 21 days Unlimited Reports for 21 Days $44.99


text:
top + clamp thing, gifts from Proenza Scouler. DIY'd skirt from dress from Salvation Army. yard sale belt.
I must say the clasp part is VERY mesmerizing and would probably be distracting if I wore it to school. The colors remind me of the bottoms of CDs, which are also mesmerizing. You could probably hypnotize someone with the shiny part, and then make them buy you more of these in more shiny colors so you can hypnotize them even more. It's practical, too!