text:
Shine Bright Sabrina - Pet Dress
Form The Book of Tails Collection comfy pet dress 70% Corduroy | 30% Polyester
There are many and no reasons to dress up your dog! With this in mind, every single clothing at Toy Doggie is expertly designed by certified pet fashion designer to fit your 4 legged friend comfortably and safely!
Where functionality and price meet cute! Don't be fooled by our price tag, all our designs are built to:
- Gender neutral fit- a good fit is essential. We take pride of our high-quality cotton/ spandex blend fabrics, that make every piece the best fit for comfort. Stretchy sleeves and openings which are true to size;
- Be easy to take on and off your pet- besides cute, the patterns thought out for our clothing are focused on comfortness for both owner and doggo. You want the piece to be snug, but not too snug so please remember to look at our sizing chart;
- Be comfortable and durable- lightweight fabrics, soft to touch and easy on the fur are only some of our benefits! Clothes are machine washable and because of the quality materials used, it won't shrink in the dryer;
- High-elastic waist- because every one of us wants to avoid pee accidents on the garment!
Please remember to measure your dog. See our Pet Size Charts here. The better the fit, the happier the dog!
Customer Reviews
Take a look to our Pet Size Charts and find out the correct sizes for your pet accessories. Please measure your pet before selecting any item and follow our guides before purchasing.
Delivery time:
Total Delivery Time = Processing Time + Shipping Time.
Processing Time: Before shipping your order, normally we need 1-3 business days to prepare your products. The processing time is separate from the shipping time. Kindly note a small number of orders may still need between 5-7 business days depending on stock availability.
During this difficult time, the factories and warehouses are being operated under additional guidelines to ensure the safety of both the workers and the products. So the processing time could be longer than before.
Shipping time: Generally, for Standard Shipping, it will take 3-8 business days for your orders to reach you, some distance areas might take even longer.
Our system will send you notification emails once your parcel is stated to be shipped out with the tracking numer, please wait patiently. We appreciate your kind understanding. Delivery time may vary, especially during peak periods. Please be ask for your patient.
Can I return my purchase?
Your satisfaction is a key principle to our company! We believe that an online buying experience should be both transparent and satisfying; just as treats are to dogs! We aim to achieve happy customers that get excited when receiving cute stuff for their Fido!
If you are not happy with your purchase, you may return or exchange it without cost within five (5) days of receiving package!
All we need from you is that you take the package to your nearest assigned postal service station along with the documentation we will provide to you for this purpose. You only pay for exchange shipping!
Return Steps and Requirements
- If 10 days have gone by since your purchase, unfortunately we can't offer you a refund or exchange, so please take the time to open your package once you receive it;
- To be eligible for a return, your item(s) must be unused/unworn and in the same condition that you received it. It must also be in the original packaging and contain its original labels attached as you received the product;
- You will need to request a return authorization from us through our customer service email stating the reason of return, your order number and the items you intend to return;
- Print the documents sent to you by our customer service once the return is authorized;
- No cash or card refunds. You will get an online store credit only.
Several types of goods are exempt from being returned
- Gift cards;
- Any item not in its original condition, is damaged or missing parts for reasons not due to our error;
- Sales, Promotions, Doggie Discount Sale, or Outlet items are not elegible for return;
- Any item that is returned more than five 5 days after delivery
How can I make and exchange on an item I purchased?
We only replace items if they are defective or damaged. If you need to exchange it for the same item, send us an email at email@example.com and send your item to the following address:
309 Savannah Real
San Lorenzo, P.R. 00754
I received my purchase and it is damaged!
In rare occasions delivery companies can damage your purchase due to a wrongful management of your package. We hate this happened and our top priority is that you are satisfied with your purchase! Therefor:
- Take a reasonable amount of pictures of how your received your package. It's important we can appreciate the damage on the box to take a better decision.
- Send us your evidence pictures and order number to email@example.com
- The solution to your situation will be totally satisfying for you and we will take care of it and answer back to you within the same day of receiving your notice.
If the item was marked as a gift when purchased and shipped directly to you, you'll receive a gift credit for the value of your return. Once the returned item is received, a gift certificate will be mailed to you.
If the item wasn't marked as a gift when purchased, or the gift giver had the order shipped to themselves to give to you later, we will send a refund to the gift giver and he will find out about your return.
Where do I need to ship back to Toy Doggie?
To return your product, you should mail your product to:
309 Savannah Real
San Lorenzo, P.R. 00754
Depending on where you live, the time it may take for your exchanged product to reach you, may vary.
If you are shipping an item over $75, you should consider using a trackable shipping service or purchasing shipping insurance. We don't guarantee that we will receive your returned item.
How do I cancel my order?
You may only cancel your order before Toy Doggie has confirmed the shipment of your order. Once tracking number as been assigned, you will not be able to cancel. In any case, write to us to firstname.lastname@example.com to try and help you out!


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Email Notification of Ticket Changes
Table of Contents
Trac supports notification of ticket changes via email.
Email notification is useful to keep users up-to-date on tickets of interest, and also provides a convenient way to post all ticket changes to a dedicated mailing list.
Disabled by default, notification can be activated and configured in trac.ini.
Receiving Notification Mails
When reporting a new ticket or adding a comment, enter a valid email address or your Trac username in the reporter, assigned to/owner or cc field. Trac may send you an email when changes are made to the ticket, depending on how your notification preferences are configured.
Permission groups can also be entered in the CC field, to notify all members of the group.
How to use your username to receive notification mails
To receive notification mails, you can either enter a full email address or your Trac username. To get notified with a simple username or login, you need to specify a valid email address in your preferences.
Alternatively, a default domain name (smtp_default_domain
) can be set in the TracIni file, see Configuration Options below. In this case, the default domain will be appended to the username, which can be useful for an "Intranet" kind of installation.
When using apache and mod_kerb for authentication against Kerberos / Active Directory, usernames take the form (firstname.lastname@example.com
). To avoid this being interpreted as an email address, add the Kerberos domain to (ignore_domains
Ticket attachment notifications
Since 1.0.3 Trac will send notifications when a ticket attachment is added or deleted. Usually attachment notifications will be enabled in an environment by default. To disable the attachment notifications for an environment the TicketAttachmentNotifier
component must be disabled:
[components] trac.ticket.notification.TicketAttachmentNotifier = disabled
Configuring SMTP Notification
Important: The [trac] base_url option must be configured for links in the notification message to be correctly generated.
Configuration Options
These are the available options for the [notification]
section in trac.ini:
admit_domains | Comma-separated list of domains that should be considered as valid for email addresses (such as localdomain). | (no default) |
ambiguous_char_width | Width of ambiguous characters that should be used in the table of the notification mail.
If | single |
batch_subject_template |
Like | ${prefix} Batch modify: ${tickets_descr} |
default_format.email | Default format to distribute email notifications. | text/plain |
email_address_resolvers | Comma separated list of email resolver components in the order they will be called. If an email address is resolved, the remaining resolvers will not be called. | SessionEmailResolver |
email_sender |
Name of the component implementing
This component is used by the notification system to send emails.
Trac currently provides | SmtpEmailSender |
ignore_domains | Comma-separated list of domains that should not be considered part of email addresses (for usernames with Kerberos domains). | (no default) |
message_id_hash | Hash algorithm to create unique Message-ID header. (since 1.0.13) | md5 |
mime_encoding | Specifies the MIME encoding scheme for emails.
Supported values are: | none |
sendmail_path | Path to the sendmail executable.
The sendmail program must accept the | sendmail |
smtp_always_bcc | Comma-separated list of email addresses to always send notifications to. Addresses are not public (Bcc:). | (no default) |
smtp_always_cc | Comma-separated list of email addresses to always send notifications to. Addresses can be seen by all recipients (Cc:). | (no default) |
smtp_default_domain | Default host/domain to append to addresses that do not specify one. Fully qualified addresses are not modified. The default domain is appended to all username/login for which an email address cannot be found in the user settings. | (no default) |
smtp_enabled | Enable email notification. | disabled |
smtp_from | Sender address to use in notification emails.
At least one of | trac@localhost |
smtp_from_author |
Use the author of the change as the sender in notification emails
(e.g. reporter of a new ticket, author of a comment). If the
author hasn't set an email address, | disabled |
smtp_from_name | Sender name to use in notification emails. | (no default) |
smtp_password | Password for authenticating with SMTP server. | (no default) |
smtp_port | SMTP server port to use for email notification. | 25 |
smtp_replyto | Reply-To address to use in notification emails.
At least one of | trac@localhost |
smtp_server | SMTP server hostname to use for email notifications. | localhost |
smtp_subject_prefix | Text to prepend to subject line of notification emails.
If the setting is not defined, then | __default__ |
smtp_user | Username for authenticating with SMTP server. | (no default) |
ticket_subject_template | A Jinja2 text template snippet used to get the notification subject. The template variables are documented on the TracNotification page. | ${prefix} #${ticket.id}: ${summary} |
use_public_cc | Addresses in the To and Cc fields are visible to all recipients. If this option is disabled, recipients are put in the Bcc list. | disabled |
use_short_addr | Permit email address without a host/domain (i.e. username only).
The SMTP server should accept those addresses, and either append
a FQDN or use local delivery. See also | disabled |
use_tls | Use SSL/TLS to send notifications over SMTP. | disabled |
Example Configuration (SMTP)
[notification] smtp_enabled = true smtp_server = mail.example.com smtp_from = firstname.lastname@example.com smtp_replyto = firstname.lastname@example.com smtp_always_cc = email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com
Example Configuration (sendmail
[notification] smtp_enabled = true email_sender = SendmailEmailSender sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail smtp_from = firstname.lastname@example.com smtp_replyto = email@example.com smtp_always_cc = email@example.com, email@example.com
Subscriber Configuration
The default subscriptions are configured in the [notification-subscriber] section.
The notifications subscriptions are controlled by plugins. All
components are in charge. These components
may allow to be configured via this section in the trac.ini
See TracNotification for more details.
Available subscribers:
Subscriber | Description |
AlwaysEmailSubscriber | |
CarbonCopySubscriber | Ticket that I'm listed in the CC field is modified |
NewTicketSubscriber | Any ticket is created |
TicketOwnerSubscriber | Ticket that I own is created or modified |
TicketPreviousUpdatersSubscriber | Ticket that I previously updated is modified |
TicketReporterSubscriber | Ticket that I reported is modified |
TicketUpdaterSubscriber | I update a ticket |
Each user can override these defaults in their Notifications preferences.
For example to unsubscribe from notifications for one's own changes and comments, the rule "Never notify: I update a ticket" should be added above other subscription rules.
The subscription rule name on the left side of the =
can be anything, it has no meaning outside this configuration file. The subscriber name on the right side of the =
must be one of the subscribers listed in the above table.
The following attributes of default subscriptions can be configured:
)- Other values require plugins. For example
requires OnSiteNotificationsPlugin.
- Other values require plugins. For example
)- Smaller values override larger values.
- If you use
, then users will not be able to override this rule.
can be used to silence other subscription rules with higher values.
)- Other values require plugins. For example
requires TracHtmlNotificationPlugin.
- Other values require plugins. For example
Example Configuration (default subscriptions)
This example implements the often desired Never Notify Updater behavior by setting the priority of that rule to the highest value, thereby taking precedence over other rules.
[notification-subscriber] always_notify_owner = TicketOwnerSubscriber always_notify_owner.distributor = email always_notify_owner.priority = 100 always_notify_owner.adverb = always always_notify_owner.format = text/plain always_notify_previous_updater = TicketPreviousUpdatersSubscriber never_notify_updater = TicketUpdaterSubscriber never_notify_updater.adverb = never never_notify_updater.priority = 0 notify_cc_html = CarbonCopySubscriber notify_cc_html.format = text/html
Customizing the email subject
The email subject can be customized with the ticket_subject_template
option, which contains a Genshi text template snippet. The default value is:
${prefix} #${ticket.id}: ${summary}
The following variables are available in the template:
: The ticket changes (prepared by Ticket.get_change).env
: The project environment (see env.py).prefix
: The prefix defined insmtp_subject_prefix
: The ticket summary, with the old value if the summary was edited.ticket
: The ticket model object (see model.py). Individual ticket fields can be addressed by appending the field name separated by a dot, eg${ticket.milestone}
Customizing the email content
The notification email content is generated based on ticket_notify_email.txt
in trac/ticket/templates
. You can add your own version of this template by adding a ticket_notify_email.txt
to the templates directory of your environment. The default is:
${ticket_body_hdr} ${ticket_props} # if ticket.new: ${ticket.description} # else: # if changes_body: ${_('Changes (by %(author)s):', author=change.author)} ${changes_body} # endif # if changes_descr: # if not changes_body and not change.comment and change.author: ${_('Description changed by %(author)s:', author=change.author)} # endif ${changes_descr} -- # endif # if change.comment: ${_('Comment:') if changes_body else _('Comment (by %(author)s):', author=change.author)} ${change.comment} # endif # endif ${'-- '} ${_('Ticket URL: <%(link)s>', link=ticket.link)} ${project.name} <${project.url or abs_href()}> ${project.descr}
See the cookbook for additional template customization recipes.
Sample Email
#42: testing ---------------------------+------------------------------------------------ Id: 42 | Status: assigned Component: report system | Modified: Fri Apr 9 00:04:31 2004 Severity: major | Milestone: 0.9 Priority: lowest | Version: 0.6 Owner: anonymous | Reporter: email@example.com ---------------------------+------------------------------------------------ Changes: * component: changeset view => search system * priority: low => highest * owner: jonas => anonymous * cc: email@example.com => email@example.com, email@example.com * status: new => assigned Comment: I'm interested too! -- Ticket URL: <http://example.com/trac/ticket/42> My Project <http://myproj.example.com/>
Using GMail as the SMTP relay host
Use the following configuration snippet:
[notification] smtp_enabled = true use_tls = true mime_encoding = base64 smtp_server = smtp.gmail.com smtp_port = 587 smtp_user = user smtp_password = password
where user and password match an existing GMail account, ie the ones you use to log in on https://gmail.com.
Alternatively, you can use smtp_port = 25
You should not use smtp_port = 465
. Doing so may deadlock your ticket submission. Port 465 is reserved for the SMTPS protocol, which is not supported by Trac. See #7107 for details.
If notifications are not working, inspect the log for error messages.
Notification errors are not always reported through the web interface, so the user who submits a change or creates a ticket may not get notified about a notification failure. The Trac administrator needs to look at the log to find the error message and traceback.
Permission denied error
Typical error message:
... File ".../smtplib.py", line 303, in connect raise socket.error, msg error: (13, 'Permission denied')
This error usually comes from a security settings on the server: many Linux distributions do not allow the web server (Apache, ...) to post email messages to the local SMTP server.
Many users get confused when their manual attempts to contact the SMTP server succeed:
telnet localhost 25
This is because a regular user may connect to the SMTP server, but the web server cannot:
sudo -u www-data telnet localhost 25
In such a case, you need to configure your server so that the web server is authorized to post to the SMTP server. The actual settings depend on your Linux distribution and current security policy. You may find help in the Trac MailingList archive.
Relevant ML threads:
For SELinux in Fedora 10:
$ setsebool -P httpd_can_sendmail 1
Suspected spam error
Some SMTP servers may reject the notification email sent by Trac.
The default Trac configuration uses Base64 encoding to send emails to the recipients. The whole body of the email is encoded, which sometimes trigger false positive spam detection on sensitive email servers. In such an event, change the default encoding to "quoted-printable" using the mime_encoding
Quoted printable encoding works better with languages that use one of the Latin charsets. For Asian charsets, stick with the Base64 encoding.
Emails not sent
If you are switching back to using Trac to send emails from, say, the AnnouncerPlugin, be sure to enable EmailDistributor
in your Trac configuration. It may have been disabled when using an email plugin. There may be no message in the Trac log when all is good to go, but the actual sending is disabled.
See also: TracTickets, TracIni, TracGuide, TracDev/NotificationApi

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Table of Contents
Tutorial: Getting Started
Version: 1.01 September 25, 2009
By: darkAudax
Many people ask "How do I get started?". This tutorial is intended to answer that question.
It is not intended to be a detailed "How To" tutorial, rather it is a road map to get you from where you are to the desired destination of using aircrack-ng. Once you get going, there is an abundance of materials on the wiki describing the tools in great detail and tutorials for various tasks.
This tutorial is focused on linux. Yes, I realize that linux is a problem for many people. Unfortunately Microsoft Windows simply does a poor job supporting the aircrack-ng suite. This is primarily due to the proprietary nature of the operating system and wireless card drivers. See Tutorial: Aircrack-ng Suite under Windows for Dummies for more details. Bottom line, don't use the aircrack-ng suite under Windows. There is little or no support for it.
The basic process consists of three steps:
- Determine the chipset in your wireless card
- Determine which of the three options you will use to run the aircrack-ng suite
- Get started using the aircrack-ng suite
The first step of determining the wireless card chipset is covered in the "Determining the Wireless Card Chipset" section below.
Next, you need to decide which method you will use to run the aircrack-ng suite. The three options are:
- Linux distribution of your choice plus the aircrack-ng suite
- Live CD which contains a version of the aircrack-ng suite
- VMWare image which contains a version of the aircrack-ng suite
There is a section below describing each option in more detail plus the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Finally, once you have aircrack-ng running, follow the "Using Aircrack-ng Suite" section below.
If you have problems, see the "Resources" section.
Please send any constructive feedback, positive or negative.
Have fun!
Determining the Wireless Card Chipset
The first step is determining which chipset your current wireless card contains. "Chipsets" are the electronics on a card which allow the card to function wirelessly. Not all chipsets are supported by aircrack-ng. Even if the chipset is supported, some of the functions may not work properly.
To determine the chipset of your card, follow Tutorial: Is My Wireless Card Compatible?. You need to know what chipset your card has in order to determine if it is supported by aircrack-ng.
Once you have determined the chipset in your wireless card, use Compatible Cards to determine if the chipset is compatible with the aircrack-ng suite. If it is, then it tells you which software drivers are required for your particular card.
If you don't have an existing wireless card or are considering purchasing another one, this same page has comments on various chipsets and cards which are known to work with aircrack-ng.
Linux Distribution of Your Choice
There are a large number of linux distributions available. They should all properly support the aircrack-ng suite.
Once you have your favorite linux distribution installed and functioning well, it is time to patch your wireless card driver. In the previous step you had determined the chipset in your wireless card. Lookup which driver is required for that particular chipset on Compatible Cards.
Then follow the installation instructions on the Installing Drivers page specific to your chipset. There is troubleshooting information on both this page and the individual driver pages.
Install the aircrack-ng suite using these instructions.
Once your wireless card is working well, jump to the "Using Aircrack-ng Suite" section below.
- aircrack-ng is almost certainly guaranteed to work
- Provides the ability to run the latest versions of aircrack-ng and any wireless driver
- Provides the most flexibility
- Requires much deeper knowledge of linux
Live CD
A live CD is a complete running linux distribution which you download and burn onto a CD. You then boot from this CD. Once booted and logged in, you are able to run the aircrack-ng suite with your wireless card. Knowing the chipset of your wireless card (determined in the first step), select a live CD which contains the patched version of the driver for your particular card. This is a key requirement. Needless to say, the live CD must also contain a copy of the aircrack-ng suite.
Here is a list of live CDs that are known to include the aircrack-ng suite.
Once you have booted from the CD and your wireless card is working well, jump to the "Using Aircrack-ng Suite" section below.
- Works with any host operating system.
- No knowledge need to get aircrack-ng and the drivers working.
- Very portable.
- Old version of aircrack-ng is included. May contain bugs and/or be missing features.
- Old versions of drivers are included. May contain bugs and/or be missing features.
VMWare Image
VMWare is a commercial product example of computer virtualization. Virtualization is running a "virtual computer" instance under a host operating system. VMWare supports a variety of host operating systems.
Here are the the currently available VMWare virtual machines. Here are the installation instructions.
Once you have installed and booted from the VMWare image and your wireless card is working well, jump to the "Using Aircrack-ng Suite" section below.
- No knowledge need to get aircrack-ng and the drivers working.
- Very portable.
- Works with a limited set of host operating systems.
- Only USB devices are supported.
- Old version of aircrack-ng is included. May contain bugs and/or be missing features. (but can be updated with some knowledge)
- Old versions of drivers are included. May contain bugs and/or be missing features. (but can be updated with some knowledge)
Using the Aircrack-ng Suite
You should always start by confirming that your wireless card can inject packets. This can be done by using the injection test.
Then start by following the Simple WEP Crack Tutorial.
Once you have mastered that technique, you can follow the other tutorials to learn aircrack-ng in more detail.
The most common source of problems is the human factor. Meaning typos, failure to follow instructions, skipping steps and so on. Always, always double check what you have done. Most times this will resolve your problem.
The Wiki is your primary source of information and troubleshooting tips. It provides very detailed documentation on each aircrack-ng tool plus troubleshooting tips throughout. There is a large set of tutorials to walk you through tasks in detail.
The Forum is also an excellent source for finding solutions to problems. It is extremely important to first attempt to resolve a problem yourself prior to posting. Your question will be ignored if the answer is easily available on the wiki or forum. Conversely, people will try their best to help you if you demonstrate you researched the problem first and could not solve it. Also be sure to supply the details of your setup and what you have tried when you post.
For live discussion, you can join IRC: #aircrack-ng on Libera Chat. Just go ahead and ask your question, "don't ask to ask". people will try their best to help you if you demonstrate you researched the problem first and could not solve it.
For both the Forum and IRC, remember that we don't support or endorse people accessing networks that do not belong them. We will not help anybody to break into a network or do anything illegal. This is the fastest way to get permanently banned.
You may also find the Videos helpful.


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You can use "php://input" to accept and parse "PUT", "DELETE", etc. requests.
// Example to parse "PUT" requests
parse_str(file_get_contents('php://input'), $_PUT);
// The result
(very useful for Restful API)
PHP comes with many built-in wrappers for various URL-style protocols for use with the filesystem functions such as fopen(), copy(), file_exists() and filesize(). In addition to these wrappers, it is possible to register custom wrappers using the stream_wrapper_register() function.
Note: The URL syntax used to describe a wrapper only supports the
syntax. Thescheme:/
syntaxes are not supported.
You can use "php://input" to accept and parse "PUT", "DELETE", etc. requests.
// Example to parse "PUT" requests
parse_str(file_get_contents('php://input'), $_PUT);
// The result
(very useful for Restful API)
Example of how to use the php://input to get raw post data
//read the raw data in
$roughHTTPPOST = file_get_contents("php://input");
//parse it into vars
if you do readfile("php://input") you will get the length of the post data
The contants:
Were introduced in PHP 4.3.0 and are synomous with the fopen('php://stdx') result resource.
to create a raw tcp listener system i use the following:
xinetd daemon with config like:
service test
disable = no
type = UNLISTED
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
bind = 127.0.0.1
port = 12345
wait = no
user = apache
group = apache
instances = 10
server = /usr/local/bin/php
server_args = -n [your php file here]
only_from = 127.0.0.1 #gotta love the security#
log_type = FILE /var/log/phperrors.log
log_on_success += DURATION
now use fgets(STDIN) to read the input. Creates connections pretty quick, works like a charm.Writing can be done using the STDOUT, or just echo. Be aware that you're completely bypassing the webserver and thus certain variables will not be available.
In trying to do AJAX with PHP and Javascript, I came upon an issue where the POST argument from the following javascript could not be read in via PHP 5 using the $_REQUEST or $_POST. I finally figured out how to read in the raw data using the php://input directive.
Javascript code:
//create request instance
xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
// set the event handler
xhttp.onreadystatechange = serviceReturn;
// prep the call, http method=POST, true=asynchronous call
var Args = 'number='+NbrValue;
xhttp.open("POST", "http://<?php echo $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] ?>/webservices/ws_service.php", true);
// send the call with args
PHP Code:
//read the raw data in
$roughHTTPPOST = file_get_contents("php://input");
//parse it into vars
Here is a snippet to read compressed raw post data without enabling global variables.
I needed it to read xml posted data submitted by ocs agent. The data was sent as Content-Type: application/x-compressed (zlib compressed data).
It seems related to an old bug which still seems broken :
The important part is the default window set to 15 instead of -15.
Code snippet
$data = '';
$fh = fopen('php://input', 'rb');
stream_filter_append($fh, 'zlib.inflate', STREAM_FILTER_READ, array('window'=>15));
while(!feof($fh)) {
$data .= fread($fh, 8192);
The stream php://temp/maxmemory:$limit stores the data in memory unless the limit is reached. Then it will write the whole content the a temporary file and frees the memory. I didnt found a way to get at least some of the data back to memory.
Even though their names will be the same, you can have more than one //memory or //temp stream open concurrently; each time you fopen() such a stream, a NEW stream will be opened independently of the others.
This is hinted at by the fact you don't add any unique identifier to the path when creating such streams, but isn't said explicitly.
$hello = fopen('php://memory', 'r+'); // $hello, $php, $world are all different streams.
$php = fopen('php://memory', 'r+');
$world = fopen('php://memory', 'r+'); // They're not the same stream opened three times.
fputs($hello, "Hello ");
fputs($php, "PHP ");
fputs($world, "World!");
echo '[', stream_get_contents($hello), '][', stream_get_contents($php), '][', stream_get_contents($world), ']';
// If they were the same stream the output would be "[World!][World!][World!]".
You can decompress (gzip) a input stream by combining wrappers:
eg: $x = file_get_contents("compress.zlib://php://input");
I used this method to decompress a gzip stream that was pushed to my webserver
For reading a XML stream, this will work just fine:
$arq = file_get_contents('php://input');
Then you can parse the XML like this:
$xml = xml_parser_create();
xml_parse_into_struct($xml, $arq, $vs);
$data = "";
foreach($vs as $v){
if($v['level'] == 3 && $v['type'] == 'complete')
$data .= "\n".$v['tag']." -> ".$v['value'];
echo $data;
PS.: This is particularly useful for receiving mobile originated (MO) SMS messages from cellular phone companies.
When opening php://output in append mode you get an error, the way to do it:
fwrite($fp,"Hello, world !<BR>\n");
While writing to error stream, error_log() function comes as a shorthand to writing to php://stderr . This function also allows writing to web server log when running through a web server such as apache.
Be forewarned:
the file:// protocol used in file_get_contents is used as the default for "any unrecognized protocol." Thus:
will deliver the same as
If you want to filter incoming data through php://input use this:
I couldn't find any documentation to explain how to do this. All the examples I came across suggested that a full and actual URL had to be used (which didn't work for me).
This seems to work though.
If my understanding of the implementing code is correct, every time you open a php://memory stream, you get new storage allocated. That is to say, php://memory isn't a shared bank of memory.
[ Editor's Note: There is a way to know. All response headers (from both the final responding server and intermediate redirecters) can be found in $http_response_header or stream_get_meta_data() as described above. ]
If you open an HTTP url and the server issues a Location style redirect, the redirected contents will be read but you can't find out that this has happened.
So if you then parse the returned html and try and rationalise relative URLs you could get it wrong.
If you're looking for a unix based smb wrapper there isn't one built in, but I've had luck with http://www.zevils.com/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/libsmbclient-php/ (tarball link at the end).
Not only are STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR only allowed for CLI programs, but they are not allowed for programs that are read from STDIN. That can confuse you if you try to type in a simple test program.
I find using file_get_contents with php://input is very handy and efficient. Here is the code:
$request = "";
$request = file_get_contents("php://input");
I don't need to declare the URL filr string as "r". It automatically handles open the file with read.
I can then use this $request string to your XMLparser as data.
Be aware of code injection, folks - like anything else you take from the user, SANITISE IT FIRST. This cannot be stressed enough - if I had a dollar for each time I saw code where form input was taken and directly used (by myself as well, I've been stupid too) I'd probably own PHP. While using data from a form in a URL wrapper is asking for trouble, you can greatly minimise the trouble by making sure your inputs are sane and not likely to provide an opening for the LulzSec of the world to cause havoc.
For https for windows enable this extension:
php://stdin supports fseek() and fstat() function call,
while php://input doesn't.
I found that if I added this line to the AJAX call, the values would show up in the $_POST
The php://fd/ wrapper is only supported in the cli tool.
A useful way to handle large file uploads is to do something like:
as this avoids using lots of memory just to buffer the file content.
The correct mime type for this should be "application/octet-stream" however if you set this or any other recognised mime type other than "multipart/form-data" on your POST then $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA is populated and the memory is consumed anyway.
Setting the mime type to "multipart/form-data" raises "PHP Warning: Missing boundary in multipart/form-data POST data in Unknown on line 0" however it seems to work without a problem.
For php://filter the /resource=foo part must come last. And foo needs no escaping at all.
php://filter/resource=foo/read=somefilter would try to open a file 'foo/read=somefilter' while php://filter/read=somefilter/resource=foo will open file 'foo' with the somefilter filter applied.
The use of php://temp/maxmemory as a stream counts towards the memory usage of the script; you are not specifying a new memory pool by using this type of stream.
As noted in the documentation however, this stream type will start to write to a file after the specified maxmemory limit is exceeded. This file buffer is NOT observed by the memory limit.
This is handy if you want your script to have a reasonably small memory limit (eg 32MB) but but still be able to handle a huge amount of data in a stream (eg 256MB)
The only works if you use stream functions like fputs(); if you use $buffer .= 'string'; or $buffer = $buffer . 'string'; you're calling your stream data back into PHP and this will hit the limiter.
As a practical example:
// 0.5MB memory limit
ini_set('memory_limit', '0.5M');
// 2MB stream limit
$buffer = fopen('php://temp/maxmemory:1048576', 'r+');
$x = 0;
// Attempt to write 1MB to the stream
while ($x < 1*1024*1024) {
fputs($buffer, 'a');
echo "This will never be displayed";
However, change fopen to use php://temp/maxmemory:1 (one byte, rather than one megabyte) and it will begin writing to the unlimited file stream immediately, avoiding memory limit errors.
//enable $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA when necessary
$HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA = file_get_contents('php://input');
echo $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA;
In PHP 5.4+ you can read multipart data via php://input if you set enable_post_data_reading to Off.
Of course if you set it to off, the $_POST and $_FILES superglobals won't be populated at all. It's entirely up to you to parse the data now.
Each stream pointer to php://memory and php://temp has its own memory allocation, so you can open many stream pointers to store your separated values.
$fp = fopen("php://temp", "r+");
$fp2 = fopen("php://temp", "r+");
fwrite($fp, "line1\n");
fwrite($fp2, "line4\n");
fwrite($fp, "line2\n");
fwrite($fp2, "line5\n");
fwrite($fp, "line3\n");
fwrite($fp2, "line6\n");
while(!feof($fp)) {
var_dump(fread($fp, 1024));
while(!feof($fp2)) {
var_dump(fread($fp2, 1024));
Closing their stream handles will also free the allocated memory.
php://memory stream type is MEMORY, while php://temp stream type is STDIO FILE*.


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Blockchain Technology Effects on Logistics Sector?
Blockchain Technology Effects on Logistics Sector?
Blockchain technology is being hailed, by many, as a digital panacea that has already made a huge impact across sectors such as finance. The broad number of ways in which blockchain can be utilised.
Changing or adding information to the "chain" requires the authentication of everyone who is in the network and this means that blockchain is extremely secure
However, is still being explored and the logistics sector is one area that is looking to exploit its power. Here we examine the fundamental principals behind blockchain and ask how is blockchain technology
(Source: blog.businesscasestudies.co.uk)


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There's a predictable cycle of mourning and recrimination that follows a massacre like the shootings last week in Aurora, Colo. First come the calls for unity and flags flown at half-mast. Then the national fissures appear: the gun lobby stiffens its spine as gun-control advocates make their case. Psychologists parse the shooter's background, looking for signs of mental illness or family disarray. Politicians point fingers about "society run amok" and "cultures of despair."
We've been down this path so many times, yet we keep missing the elephant in the room: How many of the worst mass murderers in American history were women? None. This is not to suggest that women are never violent, and there are even the rare cases of female serial killers. But why aren't we talking about the glaring reality that acts of mass murder (and, indeed, every single kind of violence) are overwhelmingly perpetrated by men? Pointing out that fact may seem politically incorrect or irrelevant, but our silence about the huge gender disparity of such violence may be costing lives.
(MORE: Christopher J. Ferguson: Don't Blame Batman for the Aurora Shooting)
Imagine for a moment if a deadly disease disproportionately affected men. Not a disease like prostate cancer that can only affect men, but a condition prevalent in the general population that was vastly more likely to strike men. Violence is such a condition: men are nine to 10 times more likely to commit homicide and more likely to be its victims. The numbers are sobering when we look at young men. In the U.S., for example, young white males (between ages 14 and 24) represent only 6% of the population, yet commit almost 17% of the murders. For young black males, the numbers are even more alarming (1.2% of the population accounting for 27% of all homicides). Together, these two groups of young men make up just 7% of the population and 45% of the homicides. And, overall, 90% of all violent offenders are male, as are nearly 80% of the victims.
(MORE: Jon Meacham: A Gun Owner's Case Against Assault Weapons)
We shouldn't need Steven Pinker, one of the world's leading psychologists and the author of the book, The Better Angels of Our Nature, to tell us the obvious: "Though the exact ratios vary, in every society, it is the males more than the females who play-fight, bully, fight for real, kill for real, rape, start wars and fight in wars." The silence around the gendering of violence is as inexplicable as it is indefensible. Sex differences in other medical and social conditions — such as anorexia nervosa, lupus, migraines, depression and learning disabilities — are routinely analyzed along these lines.
For millennia, human society has struggled with what to do with young men's violent tendencies. Many cultures stage elaborate initiation ceremonies, presided over by older men, which help channel youthful aggression into productive social roles. But in contemporary society, we have trouble talking about the obvious: the transition from boy to man is a risky endeavor, and there can be a lot of collateral damage.
(MORE: Christopher J. Ferguson: Don't Get Distracted by Anders Breivik's Oddities)
Skeptics will claim that the perpetrators of horrific acts like the Aurora shootings are such aberrations that we can hardly build public policy around their evil behavior. But it's a mistake to view mass murderers as incomprehensible freaks of nature. For example, we know that the young men who go on murderous rampages are not always sociopathic monsters but, rather, sometimes more or less "regular" men who suffered from crushing depression and suicidal ideation.
No reasonable person can imagine how despair could possibly lead to premeditated mass homicide. However, the fact that depression is so frequently accompanied by violent rage in young men — a rage usually, but not solely, directed at themselves — is something we need to acknowledge and understand.
(MORE: Christopher J. Ferguson: Video Games Don't Make Kids Violent)
Our refusal to talk about violence as a public-health problem with known (or knowable) risk factors keeps us from helping the young men who are at most risk and, of course, their potential victims. When we view terrible events as random, we lose the ability to identify and treat potential problems, for example by finding better ways to intervene with young men during their vulnerable years. There is so much more we need to learn about how to prevent violence, but we could start with the sex difference that is staring us in the face.


text:
Full-Service HVAC Unit and Duct Cleaning in Orchard Grass Hills, KY
When was the last time that you had your air ducts cleaned? If you're like most homeowners, it's probably been a while. In fact, some homeowners have never had their ducts cleaned at all. Most people don't think about their air ducts until they stop working or get especially dirty. If it's been a few years since you hired a professional to clean your air duct system, you should consider having the process done again. Most homeowners notice a big difference if they have their air ducts cleaned on an as-needed basis. So how do you know when it's time for a professional air duct cleaning?
If you've noticed any of these issues in your home, cleaner air ducts may just solve your problem:
- Mold throughout the home
- Worsening allergies or asthma among residents
- Excess dust
- High heating or cooling bills


text:
Demand for Vacation Homes Is Still Strong
Demand for Vacation Homes Is Still Strong
The pandemic created a tremendous interest in vacation homes across the country. Throughout the last year, many people purchased second homes as a safe getaway from the challenges of the health crisis. With many professionals working from home and many students taking classes remotely, it made sense to see a migration away from cities and into counties with more vacation destinations.
The 2021 Vacation Home Counties Report from the National Association of Realtors (NAR) shows that this increase in vacation home sales continues in 2021. The report examines sales in counties where "vacant seasonal, occasional, or recreational use housing account for at least 20% of the housing stock" and compares that data to the overall residential market.
Their findings show:
- Vacation home sales rose by 16.4% to 310,600 in 2020, outpacing the 5.6% growth in total existing-home sales.
- Vacation home sales are up 57.2% year-over-year during January-April 2021 compared to the 20% year-over-year change in total existing-home sales.
- Home prices rose more in vacation home counties – the median existing price rose by 14.2% in vacation home counties, compared to 10.1% in non-vacation home counties.
This coincides with data released by Zelman & Associates on the increase in sales of second homes throughout the country last year.
As the data above shows, there is still high demand for second getaway homes in 2021 even as the pandemic winds down. While we may see a rise in second-home sellers as life returns to normal, ongoing low supply and high demand will continue to provide those sellers with a good return on their investment.
Bottom Line
If you're one of the many people who purchased a vacation home during the pandemic, you're likely wondering what this means for you. If you're considering selling that home as life returns to normal, you have options. There are still plenty of buyers in the market. If, on the other hand, you want to keep your second home, enjoy it! Current market conditions show that it's a good ongoing investment.


text:
The complicated and emotional case of a Native American girl who was adopted by a couple in South Carolina but has been living for more than 18 months with her biological father in Oklahoma has taken another turn.
It became known Tuesday that the Oklahoma Supreme Court "issued a stay late Friday to block an order from a Nowata [Okla.] County court to hand the [nearly 4-year-old girl] over to her adoptive parents," the Tulsa World reports.
CNN starts its coverage this way:
"A man who has been fighting for permanent custody of his daughter under Native American tribal law can continue to raise her for the moment in Oklahoma, a new twist in a high-profile legal case already decided by the [U.S.] Supreme Court."
The Oklahoma Supreme Court's latest action isn't a permanent decision. It isn't known when the court will decide once and for all whether the lower court's decision (to return the girl to South Carolina) should stand.
In July, NPR's Nina Totenberg wrote for us about how the little girl ended up being taken from her adoptive parents:
"Eighteen months ago the South Carolina Supreme Court ordered 2-year-old 'Baby Veronica' removed from her adoptive parents, Matt and Melanie Capobianco, and turned over to her biological father, Dusten Brown. The Capobiancos had adopted the child at birth, and provided what all agreed was a good home. The state court said it was acting reluctantly in transferring custody but was required to do so under a federal law aimed at keeping Native American families together."
But in June this year, as Nina reported:
"The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that since Brown, the biological father, had refused to provide financial support for the biological mother and child when told of the pregnancy — and because he had renounced his parental rights at that time — he could not later object to the adoption. The high court rejected Brown's argument that the Indian Child Welfare Act trumped state law in such circumstances."
Since then, the case has been back before state courts — with the additional complication of the Cherokee Nation's legal interests. The Tulsa World sums things up this way:
"The Cherokee Nation has claimed jurisdiction of the case because Veronica and her father are both members of the tribe. But proceedings in tribal court appear to be on hold while the Cherokee Nation joined Brown in appealing to the state Supreme Court.
"Further appeals might be pointless, however, if the Oklahoma Supreme Court sends Veronica to South Carolina, where that state's Supreme Court has already given custody to the Capobiancos.
"Last month, a judge in South Carolina ordered the Brown family to hand over Veronica 'immediately,' but that order wasn't valid in Oklahoma until Friday, when the judge in Nowata County confirmed it."
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


text:
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I earn credits or cash?You earn credits or cash (if enabled) by Auto Surfing or Manual Surfing, visiting Paid To Click Ads, referring others to the site with your Referral URL, or playing the Jackpot Slots. Random rewards are also given each day when you login to your Member Area.
Where are all my Credits that I earned from surfing?Credits earned from surfing are automatically assigned to your sites.
How do I refer others?Login to your Member Area and click Referral Banners to get your banners, splash pages and referral URL to promote this site. New members that join our system using your referral url will be added to your downline and you will earn credits and cash from their activities.
How do I upgrade my account?Can I use my surfing URL to earn credits? NO. You can only advertise the banners and splash pages we provide and the referral URL. http://www.yourdomain.com/?ref=(your user #) to be used for advertisement.
How do I buy banner, text, or ptc ads?Ads can be purchased when you have earned enough credits to purchase them. To purchase ads using cash, you will need to deposit some cash into your Account Cash using the Deposit Account Cash link. Cash that is in your Account Cash can be used to purchase anything on our system.
Can I sell the credits I have earned?Sure, credits can be sold back to the system (if enabled).
Can I transfer my auto credits to manual credits?Yes, credits can be transferred over to other account types using the Transfer Credits link in your Member Area.
How do I know what has been earned from referrals?You can see what has been earned from each level of referrals by looking at the Referral Statistics. To see what has been earned from each person you referred click on the different Level links.
Why does my site not show up in rotation?The system will not show members their own sites since that would be wasting their credits. When you add a new site, you must allocate credits to it, and then wait for the admin to approve your site. If you want your site shown to both auto and manual surfers, you must allocate both types of credits to each site.
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text:
Registration is not required to participate on most Stack Exchange sites; you can read, answer, and suggest edits as an anonymous user, much like on Wikipedia. There are some things you won't be able to do on the site without registering, however, such as vote. Registering is easy, and once logged in, you can gain other key privileges by earning reputation.
If you have a registered account on any other sites in our network with at least 200 reputation, you will receive a +100 point reputation bonus when you first log in.


text:
DERRIK J. LANG Monday, 14 July 2014 06:15 AM EDT
Archie Andrews will die taking a bullet for his gay best friend.
The famous freckle-faced comic book icon is meeting his demise in Wednesday's installment of "Life with Archie" when he intervenes in an assassination attempt on Kevin Keller, Archie Comics' first openly gay character. Andrews' death, which was first announced in April, will mark the conclusion of the series that focuses on grown-up renditions of Andrews and his Riverdale pals.
"The way in which Archie dies is everything that you would expect of Archie," said Jon Goldwater, Archie Comics publisher and co-CEO. "He dies heroically. He dies selflessly. He dies in the manner that epitomizes not only the best of Riverdale but the best of all of us. It's what Archie has come to represent over the past almost 75 years."
Keller's character first joined Veronica Lodge, Betty Cooper, Jughead Jones and Reggie Mantle in the Archie Comics spin-off "Veronica" in 2010. He later appeared in his own solo title. In "Life with Archie," Keller is a married military veteran and newly elected senator who's pushing for more gun control in Riverdale after his husband was involved in a shooting.
"We wanted to do something that was impactful that would really resonate with the world and bring home just how important Archie is to everyone," said Goldwater. "That's how we came up with the storyline of saving Kevin. He could have saved Betty. He could have saved Veronica. We get that, but metaphorically, by saving Kevin, a new Riverdale is born."
Who shot Archie? Goldwater isn't spoiling the killer, only teasing it's a stalker who wanted to take Keller down.
Archie's final moments will be detailed in "Life with Archie" No. 36, while issue No. 37 will jump forward a year and focus on the Riverdale gang honoring the legacy of their red-headed pal, who first appeared in comics in 1941 and went on to become a colorful icon of wholesomeness. Other incarnations of Andrews will continue to live on in Archie Comics series.
In recent years, deaths of high-profile comic book characters like Peter "Spider-Man" Parker and Steve "Captain America" Rogers have made headlines and garnered intense reaction from fans. Goldwater notes that Andrews' passing isn't just a publicity stunt but also a lesson about gun violence and a declaration of diversity in the new age of Archie Comics.
"Archie is not a superhero like all the rest of the comic book characters," said Goldwater. "He's human. He's a person. When you wound him, he bleeds. He knows that. If anything, I think his death is more impactful because of that. We hope by showing how something so violent can happen to Archie, that we can — in some way — learn from him."
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text:
One gram equals 0.035274 grams, to convert 24461 grams to ounces we have to multiply the amount of grams by 0.035274 to obtain amount in ounces. 24461 grams is equal to 24461 x 0.035274 = 862.837087 ounces.
A gram (symbol: g) is a metric unit of mass equal to one thousandth of a kilogram. The gram is today the most widely used unit of measurement for non-liquid ingredients in cooking and grocery shopping worldwide.
The ounce (symbol: oz) is a unit of mass with several definitions, the most popularly used being equal to approximately 28 grams. The size of an ounce varies between systems. Today, the most commonly used ounces are the international avoirdupois ounce (equal to 28.3495231 grams) and the international troy ounce (equal to 31.1034768 grams).
To calculate a gram value to the corresponding value in ounces, just multiply the quantity in kilogram by 0.035274 (the conversion factor).
Ounces = Grams * 0.035274
The factor 0.035274 is the result from the division 1 / 28.3495 (ounce definition). Therefore, another way would be:
Ounces = Grams / 28.3495
- How many ounces are in 24461 grams?
- 24461 grams is equal to how many ounces?
- How to convert 24461 grams to ounces?
- How many is 24461 grams in ounces?
- What is 24461 grams in ounces?
ouncesgrams.com © 2024


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What kind of special access was granted to the assembly chamber that day? How did everyone get in? Let's look at Larry Meade...His name isn't "Larry," Abe. Abe Sauerkraut.
Meade did not have press credentials. When I asked Althouse about how he got in, she told me, "Legislators had tickets to give out, and he was given one. With a ticket, you got in for the speech."Abe Sauer published that after sending me 2 emails, the first, which I answered as quoted, and the follow up, which I hadn't noticed yet in my overflowing email inbox. He makes it look like I was covering up. Meanwhile, it seems he's calling my representative's office and asking personal questions about me and Meade! That's pretty creepy.
Which legislator let Meade in? Althouse and Meade live in the University Heights area of Madison, which is represented by Brett Hulsey (D-77). Their Senator, Democrat Fred Risser, is currently in Illinois to prevent a quorum and was not the source of the pass....
Representative Hulsey's office confirmed that it did not let Meade in—what's more, that "no tickets were allotted to Rep. Hulsey."
Ann Althouse did not respond to further questions about Meade's presence in the gallery or who let him in.
Meade spoke to Hulsey's office yesterday, and they said they would not disclose such information about their constituents. Maybe Sauerkraut thinks it's important, newsworthy information about me and Meade. Is it? I think you'd first want to know what the procedure is for getting into a Governor's speeches and whether there's anything amiss if a legislator gives a ticket to someone outside of his district.
Sauer didn't bother to do the research before he began flinging
The idea that legislators must only give tickets to their own constituents is a figment of Abe Sauer's imagination. Several legislative staff members told Meade that tickets are distributed to nonconstituents all the time and have been for years, by Democratic and Republican legislators! If Abe Sauer's made-up ethical rule were in place, that would mean that someone like me, who lives in a Democratic district but looks unfriendly to the Democratic agenda, couldn't get access. And if you were a Democrat in a Republican district, you'd have a hard time. It would be an access-restricting rule.
So: two prominent local cheerleaders of Governor Scott Walker had access to the address, without going through their Representative (who was, interestingly, provided with no tickets, in any event), while thousands of Wisconsin citizens remained locked outside. This is the sort of thing that raises questions about the extent of special access in Madison, in light of Walker's relationship with Koch Industries and the makeup of the audience in general for the budget address.There's the conspiracy thinking tell: Koch. And if it's so interesting that Hulsey didn't get tickets, why didn't Abe Sauer try to find out why? The answer lies with the assembly minority leader, a Democrat. But why find out the fact? It's so much more exciting to take a few data points and fantasize.
UPDATE: Sauerkraut Balls.


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Scleral Lenses for Keratoconus
Keratoconus (keh-rah-toe-cone-us) is a non-inflammatory eye disorder in which the round dome-shaped cornea progressively thins causing a cone-like bulge to develop.
Hence the name keratoconus, from the Greek word 'kerato' (cornea) and 'conus' (cone-shaped).
Because those with keratoconus have irregular, cone-shaped corneas, glasses cannot conform to the shape of the eyes and thus cannot adequately correct the patients' vision. The best solution, therefore, is scleral contact lenses, since they sit on the sclera without touching the cornea and deliver maximal clarity while being perfectly comfortable in most cases.
What are Scleral Lenses?
Custom designed scleral lenses help patients with corneal irregularities achieve dramatic improvements in visual acuity and comfort. Scleral lenses vault over the cornea and rest on the sclera while avoiding the diseased cornea. This creates a new optical surface instead of the damaged cornea and prevents discomfort by resting on the sclera of the eye. Moreover, the reservoir of pure saline solution between the back surface of the lens and the front of the cornea ensures that the eye is always in a liquid environment – making it optimal for healing.
Both rigid gas permeable (GP) lenses and scleral lenses provide the eyes with sufficient oxygen. However, scleral lenses provide more comfort and stable vision than traditional GP lenses. In most cases, scleral contact lenses are the optimal choice of treatment for patients with keratoconus and irregularly-shaped corneas.
If you have Keratoconus and are interested in scleral lenses, Dr. Garzon at Clarity Optometry Scleral Lens and Keratoconus Center can help. We serve patients from all over Hamilton, Ancaster, The Greater Hamiton Area and , Ontario, and provide the highest level of care.
Two Major Benefits of Scleral Lenses for Keratoconus
1) Scleral Lenses Provide More Comfort
Our patients report comfort as the most prominent feature of the scleral lens. Throughout the fitting process, we survey our patients on how the lenses feel, and not surprisingly, the usual response we get is "fine" or "I can't feel them at all".
The size of a scleral lens is one of the reasons it is more comfortable than a traditional gas permeable contact lens. A traditional contact lens is much smaller, typically 9 -10 mm in diameter. With each blink, this contact lens moves a bit over the cornea and the lid tends to roll over the edge of the lens as well. Many patients report being unable to wear them for more than a few hours at a time due to discomfort.
The scleral lens, on the other hand, is larger in diameter and spreads its weight over a much greater, less sensitive area so that when you blink, the eyelid doesn't catch the edge of the lens. Moreover, because the lens vaults over the bulging cornea, it protects the cornea from any abrasion caused by blinking or external irritants. Furthermore, the scleral lens is made up of highly oxygen permeable materials and provides a soothing bath of artificial tears that refresh the ocular surface.
2) Scleral Lenses Offer Improved Vision
Patients with keratoconus have a clearer vision with scleral lenses than with glasses. With glasses, patients usually see 20/200, whereas with scleral lenses their vision typically improves to 20/30 or even 20/20. Furthermore, because the lenses sit firmly on the eye, they offer more stable vision than traditional lenses. The scleral lens not only offers comfort but also improves vision acuity.
What Changes Will I Notice with Scleral Lenses?
Once you have been properly fitted for scleral lenses, you can expect to gradually see improvements in clarity, color and detailed contrast between multiple images and objects within your visual field. The comfort you'll experience will enable you to wear your custom-made scleral lenses all day long so that you can keep doing all the things you enjoy – but with better vision.
Should I See An Eye Doctor Specialized in Fitting Keratoconus Patients with Scleral Lenses?
If you are interested in seeing whether scleral lenses are right for you, make sure that the eye doctor you visit has the knowledge and experience required to correctly fit the lenses on patients with keratoconus. Scleral lenses require precise customization, and every patient's case of keratoconus varies in degrees of severity and corneal measurements.
To check if you are a good candidate for scleral lenses, contact us at Clarity Optometry Scleral Lens and Keratoconus Center. Our staff has the expertise in fitting specialty contact lenses, and serve patients from Hamilton, Ancaster, The Greater Hamiton Area, and throughout Ontario.
Call or Book Online and Regain Your Quality of Life.
"I loved my visit from start to finish. Clarity Optometry Scleral Lens and Keratoconus Center staff is friendly, caring, and knowledgeable. The eye exam that I had for keratoconus was incredibly thorough and Dr. Garzon explained all the results very clearly. He fitted me for scleral lenses, and now my eyes feel so comfortable that I frequently forget that I'm wearing contact lenses."
Ariela Gordon‐Shaag, Michel Millodot, Igor Kaiserman, Tzahi Sela, Guy Barnett Itzhaki, Yaffa Zerbib, Efrat Matityahu, Shira Shkedi, Svetlana Miroshnichenko and Einat Shneor, Risk factors for keratoconus in Israel: a case–control study, Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 35, 6, (673-681), (2015).


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Above is the look of someone who won $60 Million on Lotto MAX – Just practicing – positive thinking. Please do not ask this person if you can borrow $60 Million.
The Canadian Lotto MAX on Friday May 25, 2016 is now at an estimated $60 Million plus 49 Maxmillions ($106 Million) TAX FREE.
Lotto 649 has 13,983,816 possible combinations with tickets costing $3 play.
Lotto MAX has 85,900,584 possible combinations with tickets costing $5 play.
The Lotto Dream eBook is FREE and the LOTTO GROUP KIT V2.0 is on sale for a limited time.
Lotto Group Kit V2.0: Updates and New Lower Price!
Playing the lottery, the odds are stacked against you. Lottery groups offer the advantage of using other people's money to give you more chances to win. Nobody considers the potential for a lottery jackpot dispute until it happens to them. Why do so many lottery group plays end up disputed? Two reasons: jealousy and greed. The 19 Bell call center employees' lottery dispute was tied up in the court system for two years, and the 24 Bombardier employees settled out of court (the case was not dropped). The Lotto Group Kit V2.0 has been recently revised in May 2017 providing current lottery information in an eBook format. Written by multiple lottery winner Ric Wallace and relaunched online at LottoGroupKit.com, this eBook fills a need providing valuable information on properly running a lottery group with the aim being to lessen the chances for frivolous disputes by people with no valid claim. Wallace contends playing as a group is the smartest way to play as long as the group creates a proper paper trail.
Detailing his own personal experiences winning lotteries and operating various lottery groups over the years, Wallace has updated his original book to provide current data. The Lotto Group Kit V2.0 still includes a customizable lottery group membership agreement, as well as a variety of helpful forms for documenting a lottery group's activities. The easily downloaded eBook contains tips on scanning tickets for sharing by email with fellow group members, steps to follow for lottery group captains, and what to do when your lottery group wins a major prize. But a truly distinctive feature of the Lotto Group Kit V2.0 is the "UNIQUE LOTTERY GROUP PLAY IDENTIFIER CODE" developed by Wallace and thoroughly explained in his eBook. It acts just like a password or a PIN for banking, providing the documentation power to blow away bogus claims.
Running a successful lottery group is like running a business; proper record-keeping is necessary to satisfy an "audit" by the lottery corporation. Wallace's eBook kit fills in the blanks to minimize the chance of an ineligible person filing a frivolous claim. Who stands to gain from lottery group disputes? People who know that the group's procedures were lax for one, and lawyers for another. If you play the lottery with one other person, you need the Lotto Group Kit V2.0.
A Lucky Black Squirrel (Lottery Charm®) pin was used to hold the winning grand prize ticket for the lottery (previously known as Dream Of A Lifetime Lottery) on a corkboard in the office of LotteryCharms.com® creator Ric Wallace.


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The lighting of a Memorial Candle not only provides a gesture of sympathy and support to the immediate family during their time of need but also provides the gift of extending the Book of Memories for future generations.
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Tobacco Transition Payment in Oklahoma, 1995-2023
Subsidy Recipients 1 to 4 of 4
Recipients of Tobacco Transition Payment from farms in Oklahoma totaled $1,801 in from 1995-2023.
Rank | Recipient (* ownership information available) |
Location | Tobacco Transition Payment 1995-2023 |
1 | James D Bowling | Licking, MO 65542 | $1,546 |
2 | Preston Mike Pierce | Boswell, OK 74727 | $85 |
3 | Sam L Pierce | Boswell, OK 74727 | $85 |
4 | Earl Chad Robertson | Boswell, OK 74727 | $85 |
* USDA data are not "transparent" for many payments made to recipients through most cooperatives. Recipients of payments made through most cooperatives, and the amounts, have not been made public. To see ownership information, click on the name, then click on the link that is titled Ownership Information.
** EWG has identified this recipient as a bank or lending institution that received the payment because the payment applicant had a loan requiring any subsidy payments go to the lender first. In 2019, the information provided to EWG by USDA began to include the entity that received the payment, rather than the person or entity that applied for it, which was previously provided. This move to shield subsidy recipients from disclosure enables USDA to further evade taxpayer accountability. Six percent of subsidy dollars went to banks, lending institutions, or the Farm Service Agency."


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As I mentioned in my last post, we're having trouble sleeping around here. But I have to say: it's not so much the lack of sleep that is weighing heavily upon me (although that lack is a weight uncomfortably borne), as it is the realization, for the gazillionth time, that I have no idea what I'm doing, as a mother.
This really is the most difficult thing about being a parent, I think: no matter how far you come, how much you learn, you're never fully prepared for what comes next. You can't predict, you can't foresee, you don't know what is around the corner. Sure, your baby sleeps fine now, but will she sleep tomorrow? Next week? Your routine works today, it's worked for months and months, you got past that swaddling issue (sooo last year), your baby goes down nicely in her crib and sleeps through the night and you're so pleased, you've figured it all out, you can sit back and take a deep breath and relax. And even though you know that parenting, that life with a child, is an ever-changing landscape – or, rather, a sea upon which your boat cruises pleasantly until the next change of current, the next phase of the moon, the next perfect storm – even though you know this, you are always surprised when the change comes. You expect it, you know to expect it – so why is it always such a surprise?
WonderBaby is, as I think I might have mentioned before, an active baby. A spirited baby. She gave up voluntarily napping in her crib at about nine months of age, just before she started walking on her own. That surprised me, because she had, for at least five months, napped so well. And I was so dependent upon those naps, upon what I believed to be the accomplishment, all mine, of making the naps happen, because she was so active when awake, because there was no rest when she was awake. So when it all stopped – when she decided, contrary to my wishes, that the lovely, lengthy crib naps should stop – I was thrown. Overboard, without a life preserver.
But I adapted; we changed course. I periodically test the crib-nap waters (because they were so calm, so blissful), but WonderBaby resists that navigation, so we make do in the choppier waters of stroller-naps. Not so bad, I tell myself: at least she sleeps through the night. At night, the sails go down easily. Night-time is usually entirely predictable, excepting the infrequent storms of teething or night-terrors. That is, it was entirely predictable until the chicken-pox hit during our visit to BC, followed by storms of jet-lag and cutting molars and god knows what else.
WonderBaby has only slept through the night twice since Christmas. And she still doesn't go down for a nap during the day without a bitter fight (and then, still, only in the stroller or car-seat.) We're getting pretty tired around here. But as I said above, it's really not so much the tired that's getting to me as it is the discomfort that attends not knowing what to do now, and the frustration that attends facing, unprepared, unpredicted winds and tides. I thought that I had the sleep portion of this voyage all mapped out. It appears that I didn't. And now I feel, well, just fucked.
But I've been here before, more than a few times. And since I've been keeping a log of the voyage, I'm able to go back and see how I coped. Way back in April, when we hit a perfect sleep storm (transitioning WonderBaby into the crib while weaning her from the swaddle, holy hell), I took solace in Socrates…
The ancient Greeks had a word (I said) to describe the condition of being at a loss: aporia, άπορία, from a poros, which means, roughly, to be without a passage or a way. It is to be without direction, without resources, to have no way out. It is ordinarily used in a philosophic context: the Socratic stance is the aporetic stance, the assertion and demonstration that one does not meaningfully know what one thinks one knows; that one is, in fact, at a loss with regards to the thing that she thinks she knows, and so in the condition of aporia. From this, it is hoped, one will be filled with the desire to pursue knowledge of that thing (and, if one is truly philosophic, the desire to pursue knowledge more generally and fully.) Aporia, then, from a Socratic perspective, from the perspective of the philosopher, is a good thing… This Bad Mother, however, doesn't have the time or the inclination to savour the philosophical condition of aporia. This Bad Mother has no interest in elenchically interrogating the nature or character of sleep as it pertains to babies. This Bad Mother would very much like to smack hard any character – even if that character is a voice in her own head, which admittedly makes smacking difficult, if not impossible – that tells her that real understanding comes with knowing that she does not know. Because this Bad Mother needs more sleep and she needed it yesterday.
Which is to say: I've spent a great deal of time looking for that elusive knowledge, the Secret Code of Babycare, that wisdom that will light the way out of the cave and out into the sun-drenched world of predictable schedules and consistent and abundant sleep. I've been looking for a Way Out.
I haven't found it. But stay with me.
So we've had a few rough nights – very rough nights – recently. The whole sleep thing suddenly, although not entirely unexpectedly, went tits up: WonderBaby outgrew, literally overnight, both her bassinet and her swaddle. And Her Bad Parents, despite all of the fretting and hand-wringing about whither the swaddle, did not have a plan in place for adapting to these new circumstances. What used to work, and all that we thought we understood about baby sleep, has been revealed as nonsensical, useless crap. Welcome to Mommy Aporia…
(Here I go on to bitch and moan and pontificate about the horrors of the swaddle-bust and the discomforts of bed-sharing and the nightmare that is 'crying-it-out' with a baby that can cry LOUD and HARD for HOURS. I'll spare you; you can review the details in the original post, if you like.)
…It hasn't been easy, and I expect that the next few days will continue to be challenging. But there is progress. And where there is progress, there is hope.
Again, this is all entirely experimental. We know that we will continue to face challenges, that some of the above strategies may be misguided, that they will fail. We're totally winging it, going with what works, with what is practicable, with what feels right. It's all that we can do. But by doing so, by following our guts and acting on our well-considered instincts, I feel that we're gaining something, that we are no longer entirely at a loss. And maybe, just maybe – lack of sleep aside – coming to love this whole messed-up, mapless journey. We're in this together, the three of us: this is family. Blind, fumbling, loving family. I don't know why, but somehow the 'blind' and the 'fumbling' seem to have everything to do with the 'loving' and the 'family.'
So I still have no idea what the fuck we are doing, but I've come to understand (however reluctantly) that I cannot simply think my way through the challenges that new motherhood throws at me. Motherhood – parenthood – is, I think, all aporia. And it is not the aporia that can be met by philosophy. This aporia is a condition that can only be met by the gut, and the heart. It's the no-way-out that you come to love because you love – with whatever difficulty – the struggle that defines what's within.
It's taking some time, and some work, but I'm coming to understand it. I think…
I have to take these words to heart, now. Recite them to myself as I lay me down to sleep, as I wish good sleep for WonderBaby, as we navigate together the days and nights of our family life. I have to remind myself that the one thing that I always have, always know, is love. Because love's the only map, the only guidebook, the only means of navigation that I have, on this voyage.


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Recalling the Wonders of the Lord. 1Love the LORD, your God, therefore, and keep his charge, statutes, ordinances, and commandments always.a 2Recall today that it was not your children, who have neither known nor seen the discipline of the LORD, your God—his greatness, his strong hand and outstretched arm;b 3the signs and deeds he wrought in the midst of Egypt, on Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and on all his land;c 4what he did to the Egyptian army and to their horses and chariots, engulfing them in the waters of the Red Sea* as they pursued you,d so that the LORD destroyed them even to this day; 5what he did for you in the wilderness until you came to this place; 6and what he did to the Reubenites Dathan and Abiram, sons of Eliab, when the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up out of the midst of Israel, with their families and tents and every living thing that belonged to them—e 7but it was you who saw with your own eyes all these great deeds that the LORD has done.
The Gift of Rain. 8f So keep all the commandments I give you today, that you may be strong enough to enter in and take possession of the land that you are crossing over to possess, 9and that you may have long life on the land which the LORD swore to your ancestors he would give to them and their descendants, a land flowing with milk and honey. 10The land you are to enter and possess is not like the land of Egypt from which you have come, where you would sow your seed and then water it by hand,* as in a vegetable garden. 11g No, the land into which you are crossing to take possession is a land of mountains and valleys that drinks in rain from the heavens, 12a land which the LORD, your God, looks after; the eyes of the LORD, your God, are upon it continually through the year, from beginning to end.
13* h If, then, you truly listen to my commandments which I give you today, loving and serving the LORD, your God, with your whole heart and your whole being, 14I will give the seasonal rain to your land, the early rain* and the late rain, that you may have your grain, wine and oil to gather in; 15and I will bring forth grass in your fields for your animals. Thus you may eat and be satisfied. 16i But be careful lest your heart be so lured away that you serve other gods and bow down to them.j 17For then the anger of the LORD will flare up against you and he will close up the heavens, so that no rain will fall, and the soil will not yield its crops, and you will soon perish from the good land the LORD is giving you.
Need for Fidelity. 18k Therefore, take these words of mine into your heart and soul. Bind them on your arm as a sign, and let them be as a pendant on your forehead. 19Teach them to your children, speaking of them when you are at home and when you are away, when you lie down and when you get up, 20and write them on the doorposts of your houses and on your gates, 21so that, as long as the heavens are above the earth, you and your children may live on in the land which the LORD swore to your ancestors he would give them.
22l For if you are careful to observe this entire commandment I am giving you, loving the LORD, your God, following his ways exactly, and holding fast to him, 23the LORD will dispossess all these nations before you, and you will dispossess nations greater and mightier than yourselves. 24m Every place where you set foot shall be yours: from the wilderness and the Lebanon, from the Euphrates River to the Western Sea,* shall be your territory. 25None shall stand up against you; the LORD, your God, will spread the fear and dread of you through any land where you set foot, as he promised you.n
Blessing and Curse. 26o See, I set before you this day a blessing and a curse: 27a blessing for obeying the commandments of the LORD, your God, which I give you today; 28a curse if you do not obey the commandments of the LORD, your God, but turn aside from the way I command you today, to go after other gods, whom you do not know.p 29When the LORD, your God, brings you into the land which you are to enter and possess, then on Mount Gerizim you shall pronounce the blessing,q on Mount Ebal, the curse.* 30(These are beyond the Jordan, on the other side of the western road in the land of the Canaanites who live in the Arabah, opposite Gilgal beside the oak of Moreh.)r 31Now you are about to cross the Jordan to enter and possess the land which the LORD, your God, is giving you. When, therefore, you take possession of it and settle there, 32be careful to observe all the statutes and ordinances that I set before you today.
* [11:4] The Red Sea: Hebrew yam suph, that is, "sea of reeds" or "reedy sea."
* [11:10] By hand: lit., "by foot," probably referring to a kind of mechanism for irrigation from the Nile.
* [11:13–15] Here as elsewhere Moses shifts between speaking of the Lord in the third person and speaking for the Lord in the first person.
* [11:14] The early rain: the rains which begin in October or November and continue intermittently throughout the winter. The late rain: the heavy showers of March and April. In Palestine crops are sown in autumn and harvested in spring and summer.
* [11:24] The Western Sea: the Mediterranean.
* [11:29] For the full ceremony of blessing and curse, see chaps. 27–28. Gerizim and Ebal are mountains in Samaria, separated by a deep ravine.
c. [11:3] Dt 6:22; 7:18–19; 26:8; 29:1–2; 34:11; Ps 78:42–51.
d. [11:4] Ex 14:26–31; 15:1–10; Jos 24:6–7; Ps 78:53; 106:9–11.
e. [11:6] Nm 16:1–35; Ps 106:16–17.
h. [11:13–15] Dt 7:12–14; 10:12–13; 28:1–14; Lv 26:3–5; Ps 104:14; Jer 5:24.
i. [11:16–17] Dt 4:25–27; 6:14–15; 28:15–68.
j. [11:16] Dt 5:6–10; 7:1–6; 13:2–19; 1 Kgs 8:35–36.
l. [11:22–23] Dt 7:1; 9:1–3; 10:12–13.
m. [11:24] Dt 1:7; Ex 23:31; Jos 1:3.
n. [11:25] Dt 2:25; 7:23–24; Ex 23:27.
o. [11:26–28] Dt 28:1–68; 30:1, 15–20; Lv 26:3–45.
q. [11:29] Dt 27:12–13; Jos 8:30–35.
B. The Deuteronomic Code
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Earlier this week, NPR aired a three-part investigation of the Marine Stewardship Council on Morning Edition and All Things Considered.
As Daniel Zwerdling and Margot Williams reported, the MSC certifies seafood that is supposed to be good for the environment. But some environmental groups argue that the label is misleading, and that as more retailers promise to sell only sustainable-labeled seafood, the program is certifying fisheries that don't deserve it.
The MSC contacted NPR on Wednesday with a response to the series.
NPR "did not present a complete or balanced view" of its program, the MSC writes in a statement. In particular, the council took issue with the portrayal of a Canadian swordfish fishery in the first part of the series. That story included "negative opinions by a conservation organization, without the perspective from the teams of scientists and experts who actually assessed the fishery." (The MSC did not address Zwerdling and Williams' reporting on another swordfish fishery in Florida in part two.)
The third part of the series was the story of a salmon fishery near Vancouver. The MSC says that NPR failed to mention in this story that this fishery saw its largest run of salmon in almost 100 years after MSC certification. "Omission of that information, and lack of reporting on scientific agreement that commercial fishing has not been responsible for previously low salmon returns, leaves listeners to draw an uninformed and inaccurate conclusion," the statement reads.
(Although the Fraser River salmon population did spike after certification, it declined the following year. And as Zwerdling and Williams reported, the Canadian national commission set up to investigate the plight of the Fraser River sockeye has stressed that the average population has been declining steadily for decades.)
"Our reporting on this project was exhaustive and the series fully reflects the months of reporting and research that went into it," says Steve Drummond, senior national editor. "We conducted scores of interviews with ocean specialists around the world, as well as extensive discussions with the MSC in our efforts to fully represent their views."
You can read the full response from the MSC here.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Our checklists, warning signals and data visualization tools automate complex and time-consuming stock analysis. Right-clicking on most charts and tables allows you to drill into the details and download the underlying the data.
$170.00 0.48 (0.28%)
CEO | Employees | SIC Code | Sector |
Gerald B. Shreiber | 4,600 | 2052 | Consumer Goods |
Industry Cat. | Industry Group | JJSF CUSIP | Stock Exchange |
Food & Beverage | Processed & Packaged Goods | 0000785956 | NASDAQ |
HQ State | HQ Country | Last Filing Date | Phone Number |
New Jersey | United States of America | July 31st, 2020 | 6096659533 |
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To deal with your financial problems, you usually turn to private lending companies. Unlike in the past, when you apply for a loan, the choices were limited. Now there are various kinds of loans, and each loan has its corresponding requirements and amounts. Payday loans offered by lending companies are one of them.
What are Payday loans?
Payday loans in Ashington NBL are the amount of money that you can borrow from a lending company, credit coop, online money lender, or bank. The payment is made every month with a fixed amount. Borrowers pay it on installment basis for two to five years. The rates may range from 6% up to 36% APR. This type of loan is unsecured, and it does not require any collateral.
You can borrow between $1000 and $100,000. It depends on the money you need and the creditworthiness of the borrower. Each bank set limitations on the amount and the duration of payment. Lenders offer different kinds of loans, including online and the traditional way of banking.
Why People in Ashington NBL Need a Payday loan?
If one is going through a financial situation, getting a payday loan is not a solution. This solution will only fix your temporary needs, but won't provide a permanent solution.
According to experts, if one has an unpaid balance on their credit card, getting a payday loan in Ashington NBL will solve your problem. Repaying your debt, particularly with a high-interest rate like 24% per year, is not easy. The longer you repay, the higher the interest will incur. But, if you are qualified for a loan with very low interest, you can pay your debt faster.
One doesn't simply get a loan from a lending company that you see online. Finding the best payday loans in Ashington is not easy as there are some essential factors to consider, like the money you can get, the interest, and how to repay.
What Are the Requirements for Ashington Payday loans Online?
Below are vital documents you need to avail a loan:
Proof of Identification
All lending companies will ask for proof of identification like a passport or government-issued ID before getting approved. The cases of identity theft are increasing, and you don't want this to happen to you. A legit lender ensures that thieves will not take out loans under another person's credit.
Proof of Income
If you avail of a loan, you should have the means to pay it back. You should submit proof that you have a stable job. It would be hard to repay your payday loans online if you don't have a regular income. Submitting proof of employment can prove your employment.
Minimum Credit Score
It is vital to have a fair credit score when getting online payday loans in Ashington NBL. Lending companies categorize borrowers into excellent, average, fair, or bad credit. Most lenders require credit points of 600, but others have higher requirements. Your chances of having a loan with low interest are possible if you have a better FICO score.
Clean Credit History
One of the crucial things lenders will be checking is your credit history. If you have defaults, bankruptcies, or bad history, you might get rejected for payday loans online. In case they consider your application, you should to pay a very high-interest rate.
Tips on Getting Low-Interest Ashington Payday loans
What to do to get low-interest payday loans? If one received a preapproval loan, don't just accept it without thinking. Look around and compare what other lenders are offering.
One can also borrow money with a co-signer with an impressive credit history and a stable income to boost your possibility of getting a low rate loan.
Many companies give discounts on the interest rate if you use automatic deduction payment. The idea here is if you are on autopay, paying your monthly due is less stressful and always on time.
Where to Find the Best Payday loan Rates in Ashington NBL ?
The interest the creditor will add to your loan usually depends on your credit history. Today, the best payday loan rates vary from five percent to thirty-six percent. For those with an excellent credit record, the average payday loan interest rate is 9.8%. If your scores are 690-719, the discount you will get is 15%. The highest interest rate is at 28.2%.
Should You Apply For Unsecured Payday loans?
After reading the facts above about unsecured payday loans, are you still interested in getting one? It does not require any collateral like a car or home, which makes it riskier for lenders. However, this type of loan may charge higher yearly interest rates.
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