text:
Medrol, a corticosteroid drug, is used to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms in a variety of disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, acute gouty arthritis, and severe cases of asthma. It works by modifying the body's immune response to various conditions and decreasing inflammation. Medrol may be given to people to treat primary or secondary adrenal cortex insufficiency (inability of the adrenal gland to produce sufficient hormone). It is also given to help treat the following disorders:
- Severe allergic conditions (including drug-induced allergic states)
- Blood disorders (leukemia and various anemias)
- Certain cancers (along with other drugs)
- Skin diseases (including severe psoriasis)
- Connective tissue diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus
- Digestive tract diseases such as ulcerative colitis
- High serum levels of calcium associated with cancer
- Fluid retention due to nephrotic syndrome (a condition in which damage to the kidney causes loss of protein in urine)
- Various eye diseases
- Lung diseases such as tuberculosis
- Worsening of multiple sclerosis.
Use Medrol as directed by your doctor!
- Take Medrol by mouth with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take with food to reduce stomach irritation.
- Medrol is in a dosage pack. Follow the directions on the pack for taking Medrol unless directed otherwise by your doctor.
- If you miss a dose of Medrol, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Medrol.
Store Medrol at room temperature, between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Medrol out of the reach of children and away from pets.
Active Ingredient: methylprednisolone.


text:
DVT SystemVerilog IDE User Guide
Rev. 24.1.15, 10 July 2024
Go to Product Page
Installation Checklist
Install DVT Using a pre-packed Distribution
Install DVT Using the Update Site
Set the License
Predefined Projects
Getting Started
What is a Workspace
What is a Project
Project Natures
Workspace and Workbench
Linked Resources
Backup and Local History
Basic Tutorial
Switch to the DVT Perspective
Open a Project
Configure the Build
Build the Project
Inspect the Compilation Errors
See Comments in Tooltips
Use Hyperlinks to Move Around in the Code
Quickly Open a Type (Class, Module, Interface)
Quickly Inspect the Class Hierarchy
Quickly Open a File
Quickly Move Inside the Editor
Inspect the Class Hierarchy and Class Members
Inspect the Design Hierarchy
Inspect the Verification Hierarchy
Browse Through All the Available Types (Classes, Modules, Interfaces)
Look for the Implementation of an Extern Function or Task
Search for Entities
Use Content Assist (Autocomplete)
Use Code Templates
Use Module Auto Instance
Expand Macros (Apply Preprocessing)
Trace Macro Errors
Track Tasks using TODO Markers
Quickly See the Current Scope in the Status Bar
Fold Code Regions in Order to Improve Readability
Access the Context Sensitive Help
Build Configurations
Non-top files
Simulator Log-config
Emulating compiler invocations
Multiple .build Files
Compatibility Modes
Default DVT Compatibility Mode
gcc Compatibility Mode
ius.irun Compatibility Mode
ius.perspec Compatibility Mode
questa.vcom Compatibility Mode
questa.vlog Compatibility Mode
questa.qrun Compatibility Mode
vcs.vhdlan Compatibility Mode
vcs.vlogan Compatibility Mode
xcelium.xrun Compatibility Mode
Environment Variables
Including Other Argument Files
Build Persistence
DVT Auto-Linked
Run a Script Before Build
All Build Directives
e Language Test Files
e Language SPECMAN_PATH
SystemVerilog OVM or UVM Library Compilation
Xilinx Libraries Compilation
Intel(Altera) Quartus Libraries Compilation
Questa Libraries Compilation
Use of External Programs
Compile Checks
Compile Waivers
Semantic Checks
Synthesis Checks
Performance Checks
Dead Code Checks
Non Standard Checks
Content Assist (Autocomplete)
Content assist for CamelCase and Underscore
Code Templates
Module Automatic Instantiation
Override Functions Using Autocomplete
Implement Extern Functions Using Autocomplete
Use Assignment Pattern for Struct Type Variable
Quick Fix Proposals
Add Parameter to Module
Add Port to Module
Add Signal to Sensitivity List
Add Virtual Qualifier to Interface Type
Correct Spelling In Comments and Strings
Create Class In New File
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Create Interface Class In New File
Declare Method
Declare Variable
Did You Mean
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Fully Qualify Type
Implement Extern Method
Implement Missing Pure Virtual Methods
Import Type
Remove 'local' or 'protected' Qualifier
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Remove Signal Never Used
Update Extern Prototype/Implementation
Update Module Instance
Update Virtual Method Signature
Waive Compilation Problems
Quick Assist Proposals
Bind Method Call Arguments by Name
Bind Method Call Arguments by Position
Connect Instance Ports by Name
Connect Instance Ports by Position
Expand .* Port Connections
Extract to Variable
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Extract to Module
Move Selection to New File
Join Extern and Implementation
Split to Extern and Implementation
Rename in File
Content Filters
Content Filters XML syntax
Filtering by element type
Content Filters Examples
Predefined Content Filters
Code Templates
Code Templates in Autocomplete
Method Code Templates
Global Code Templates
Project Level Code Templates
Code Templates View
File Templates
Project Templates
What is a project template?
How to generate code from a project template
Step 1. Specify Directories
Step 2. Specify Parameters
Template Configuration
Add from Template
Code Formatting
Vertical Alignment
Line Wrapping
Disable Format for Code Sections
Format Multiple Files
Preferences Keys
Automatic Indentation As You Type
Override Functions
Override Annotation
Inspect Overrides in the Quick Type Hierarchy View
Inspect Overrides in the Layers View
Override Using the Dialog
Override Using Autocomplete
Override Using the Type Hierarchy View
Generate Getters and Setters
Module Automatic Instantiation
Autoinstance Using Autocomplete
Autoinstance Using Drag and Drop
Semantic Search
Show Usages, Readers or Writers
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Show Constraints
Show Instances
Show Instances in the Search View
Show Instances in the Design Hierarchy View
Quick Search in Views
Simple Regex
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Search for Members
Search Port in Design Hierarchy
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Search all UVM Phase Overrides
Search Global API
Trace Connections
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Trace Connections View
Trace Path
Breadcrumb Navigation Bar
Design Breadcrumb
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Scope Breadcrumb
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Code Factory
Rename Refactoring
Rename Port Across the Design Hierarchy
Rename File
Bind Method Call Arguments by Name
Bind Method Call Arguments by Position
Connect Instance Ports by Name
Connect Instance Ports by Position
Expand .* Port Connections
Extract to Variable
Extract to Method
Extract to Module
Move Selection to New File
Join Extern and Implementation
Split to Extern and Implementation
Change Method Signature
Connect Instances Across the Design Hierarchy
Connect Instances Using New Ports
Connect Instances Using Existing Ports
Structural Changes Preview Diagram
Refactoring Connect View
Add Port to Module from Selected Field
Add New Port to Module
Add New Parameter to Module
Refactoring Scripts
Writing a Refactoring Script
Applying a Refactoring Script
UML Diagrams
UML Diagrams - Select Types
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Flow Diagrams
Block Diagrams
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Low Power Format Support
Supply Network Diagram
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Low Power Format Support
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Export HTML/PDF Documentation
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External Tools Integration
Run Configurations
Run Configuration Session Type
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Smart Log
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External Builders
How to define a new external builder
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External Builder Output
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Configure External Documentation
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Debugger Integration
Simulation Prerequisites
Launch a Debug Simulation
Connect to an Existing Simulation
Threads, Call Stack, Stepping
Watch Expressions
Debug Specific Configurations
Custom Dialogs
Quick Steps
Customizing the Dialog Output
SWT/XML Reference
Custom Dialog Snapshots
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Command Line Interface
Makefile Example
Create a Project (Mixed-Language Capable)
Create a Project From an Existing Template
Import an Existing Project
List Compiled Files
Compare Files
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Open a File
Close a File
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Macros Support
Inactive Code Highlight
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OVM Support
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UVM Support
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Review changes
VMM Support
VMM Smart Log
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VMM Templates
Settings Management
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User and Common Settings Location
Use Cases
Memory Allocation Thresholds
Workspace Preferences
Run Configurations
Compile Waivers
Content Filters
External Builders
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Custom Pragmas
Deprecated Settings Management (before DVT 3.5)
Workspace Settings
Project Settings
Other Settings
Importing Preferences From a Different Workspace
Using Import/Export Wizard
Using dvt.sh Script
Customizing Default Settings Using dvt.ini
Show Changed Preferences Dialog
Changing the Default dvt.ini
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Comments Formatting
Natural Docs
Common Shortcuts
Custom Pragmas
DVT Resource Monitor
Editor Notification
Editor Right Click Menu
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Icons and Decorations
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Access Modifiers
Errors and Warnings
Trace Connections
Changing Icon Colors
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Memory Monitor
Custom Report
Custom Report Examples
Syntax Coloring
Toolbar Actions
Call Hierarchy View
Checks View
Code Templates View
Compile Order View
Build Config Hierarchy
Quick Compile Order View
Config DB View
Console View
Coverage View
Design Hierarchy View
Factory Overrides View
Inspect View
WaveDrom Timing Diagrams
Layers View
Quick Layers View
Macros View
Quick Macros View
Outline View
Quick Outline View
Outline View Preferences
Problems View
Registers View
Tasks View
Trace Connections View
Types View
Quick Types View
Type Hierarchy View
Quick Type Hierarchy View
UVM Browser View
UVM Sequence Tree View
Verification Hierarchy View
Application Notes
C/C++ support
Design Elaboration
Top candidates
Parameter values
Unelaborated Design
Compilation Speed-up
Precompilation Support
Encrypted VIP Support
FPGA Support
Intel(Altera) Quartus
Intel(Altera) Quartus Libraries Compilation
Xilinx ISE/Vivado
Xilinx Libraries Compilation
Generating External Tool Scripts from the DVT Build Configuration
Incremental Compilation
Preprocessed Files Support
Using the PVerilog editor (Deprecated)
Output and logging
Understanding DVT IDE memory usage
UVM Library Compilation Troubleshooting
Visual Artifacts
Tips and Tricks
I am new to Eclipse, where should I start from?
Where can I find DVT Help?
How do I see and configure the key shortcuts?
Are there any backup files in Eclipse?
Workspace in use, cannot launch eclipse...
Locking is not possible in the directory...
How to start DVT Eclipse with a different eclipse.ini
Save could not be completed
IBM Clearcase Plugin
Non existing package mti_fli
How to use Working Sets for filtering Problems/Task/Search views?
How to handle Simulator and Command Line Macros
How do I Access Files Outside Project Dir - Working with Linked Resources
Mapping Linux to Windows (/proj/ to Z:\proj\)
Subversive vs Subclipse
How do I associate a project with both DVT and CDT?
Can I use vi/vim along with DVT?
Can I perform dos2unix or unix2dos from DVT?
How can I configure Eclipse to use a local CVS repository?
I am using the Common Desktop Environment via Citrix and experiencing crashes. What can I do?
How do I change the background color of the Editor?
Some widget colors are not displayed properly. What can I do?
How do I change the tooltip colors?
How do I change Internet Proxy Settings?
Eclipse does not start, there is no Workspace, metadata or log file created
Workspace permissions
How do I link mylyn with Bugzilla?
How do I print source code?
How do I disable Eclipse Software Sites?
How do I revert to a previous version?
What are the most common shortcuts in DVT?
How does DVT integrate with emacs?
How does DVT integrate with CVS?
How to set an environment variable within a Run Configuration?
How to run a remote Unix commnad from DVT Eclipse for Windows?
Rebuild shortcut (Ctrl + Alt + R) does not work
I want to use an alias in a DVT Generic Run Configuration, but it's not recognized
How to set multiple paths as sources of predefined projects ?
Lines are suddenly changing indentation when I edit text or move the cursor through the editor.
How to change the directory where the build log file is saved ?
How to find the DVT logs on Linux/Unix ?
How to create resource filters ?
How to create custom shortcut and button for a Run Configuration?
I know that file.foo is present in the project location, but I can't see it in the Navigator View
How to copy the full path to the file in the current editor?
How to adjust the console logs filters matching parameters?
When I switch to Block (Column) Selection mode the font changes
In Block (Column) Selection mode I see strange editng artifacts
How to modify the font size in the code editors?
How to automatically checkout/lock files from the revision control system ?
How can I see if a file is read-only?
How can I open a file in DVT from the terminal?
How can I open a file in DVT from Questa?
How do I change the name of the xterm opened by a DVT Generic Run Configuration?
I get errors while installing or updating a plugin from an update site
What is New?
How to Report an Issue?
Legal Notices
Third Party Licenses
41.6 FPGA Support
Table of Contents
41.6.1. Intel(Altera) Quartus
41.6.2. Xilinx ISE/Vivado

subset: commoncrawl


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Thermacell Value Pack Refill R4
Thermacell Value Pack Refill R4 is currently experiencing significant demand. Once you make the purchase, we will promptly proceed with placing your order and provide you with an estimated lead time.
At Texas Star Grill Shop, we are committed to providing our customers with the best possible prices on our products. With our Best Price Guarantee, we offer price matching to ensure you get the most competitive deal available. If you find a lower price on an identical item from a competitor, simply let us know, and we will do our best to match it. We strive to offer exceptional value and savings, but please note that there may be some exclusions based on specific circumstances or pricing conditions. We reserve the right to decline a price match request if it would result in a loss for our business. However, rest assured that we always aim to provide our customers with fair and competitive pricing, and we encourage you to reach out to our customer service team for any inquiries regarding our Best Price Guarantee. Your satisfaction is our top priority.
At Texas Star Grill Shop, we strive to provide a seamless and efficient delivery and shipping experience for our valued customers. Here's what you can expect:
Once your order is placed, our dedicated team will promptly get in touch with you within 24 hours to arrange the delivery details. We understand the importance of receiving your products in a timely manner, and we work diligently to ensure that your items reach you as soon as possible.
For shipping orders, we process and ship packages every business day. Our reliable shipping partners ensure that your products are carefully packaged and swiftly transported to your desired location. We strive to meet or exceed industry standards when it comes to packaging and handling, ensuring that your items arrive in pristine condition.
To keep you informed every step of the way, we provide tracking information for shipped orders. Once your package is on its way, you will receive a tracking number via email. This allows you to monitor the progress of your delivery and estimate its arrival time.
Customer Support:
Our dedicated customer support team is always available to assist you with any questions or concerns regarding delivery and shipping. If you need any assistance or have special delivery requirements, please don't hesitate to reach out to us. We're here to help!
At Texas Star Grill Shop, we value your satisfaction and aim to provide a smooth and reliable delivery and shipping process. We understand the importance of receiving your products in a timely and secure manner, and we strive to exceed your expectations at every step.
Please note that delivery and shipping times may vary depending on your location and product availability. Rest assured, we make every effort to minimize any delays and keep you informed throughout the process.
Thank you for choosing Texas Star Grill Shop for all your grilling needs!
Payment & Security
Payment methods
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.


text:
EMI available: Pay in installments with your preferred Credit/Debit cards.
Dimensions : H: 44 (in) by W: 32 (in)
Medium : Natural Colors on Tussar Silk Fabric
Earn upto 71,000 Points on purchase of this product.
Get upto 10% OFF on Live Workshops when sign up for 2 or more workshops.
Get 10% OFF coupon code for Art Kits signing up for Masterclass or Live Workshop.
About the Artwork +
This Pattachitra portrays the diverse bird species that inhabit the lush forests of Odisha, as described in ancient texts. The painting showcases the different levels of the jungle, from the land to the sea and sky, that are home to a plethora of colorful animals.
Authentication +
Each of our artworks are hand painted by master artists across India. We provide an authentication certificate with this artwork signed by the artist.
Sizes, Framing and Customisation +
The sizes mentioned are excluding the borders of the artwork.
Frames shown are for visual representation only and are not included with the artwork. We offer framing services on demand at additional costs. If you wish to get your artwork framed, please reach out to us on WhatsApp or email.
We take custom artwork orders, please use the WhatsApp chat below or email us at email@example.com to discuss your requirements in more detail.
International Shipping and Taxes +
We ship worldwide, Our Prices are inclusive of GST/Taxes in India. For International Orders, any specific custom duties you may encounter in your home country during the delivery has to borne by the buyer.
For all artworks expect Lippan and Terracotta, No additional charges are applicable for domestic deliveries. For International Orders shipping charges of ₹2500 INR are applicable.
For Lippan and Terracotta Artworks, We charge a Shipping rate on a per Kilogram basis. You can see your final Shipping Rate before checkout or view our pricing here.
Shipping and Returns +
All artworks are packed and couriered securely in a tube.
Ready To Ship/ In Stock artworks are shipped in under 2 weeks. We only accept return requests for Ready to Ship/ In stock artworks placed within a week from date of delivery.
Made To Order artworks will take 2-3 weeks to be made and shipped once they are ready. Returns are not applicable on Made To Order artworks.
Colour Disclaimer+
All artworks on the website are hand painted from scratch by our master artists. That makes every artwork absolutely unique and the actual colour and overall artwork may vary slightly from the artwork image posted here.


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Saying it is concerned that the economy won't be strong enough in coming months to keep adding jobs to the labor market, the Federal Reserve announced this afternoon that is increasing its efforts to give the economy a boost.
And in an unusually specific statement from the central bank, its policymakers said they expect to keep a key short-term interest rate at or near zero percent "as long as the unemployment rate remains above 6.5 percent."
In November, the jobless rate was 7.7 percent.
Reuters sums up the steps the Fed said it will take this way:
"The central bank replaced a more modest stimulus program due to expire at year-end with a fresh round of Treasury purchases that will increase its balance sheet. It committed to monthly purchases of $45 billion in Treasuries on top of the $40 billion per month in mortgage-backed bonds it started buying in September."
The New York Times sums up what the Fed's trying do:
"The Fed's asset purchases are akin to removing seats from a game of musical chairs. Would-be investors in Treasuries and mortgage bonds are forced to compete for the remaining supply by accepting lower interest rates — that is, they are forced to pay upfront a larger share of the money they are entitled to receive as the bond matures."
And lower rates, in theory, are good for the economy if they lower the cost of borrowing and then stimulate spending and investment.
Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke is due to take questions from reporters later this afternoon.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Tel: 01856 850860 | E-mail: email@example.com | |
At Gray Associates we can advise business owners in the Orkney area on many aspects of running and growing a business. Here are some thoughts on turning customer complaints into a positive...
Nobody naturally enjoys listening to their customers complain, but if they are handled in the right way complaints can have a beneficial impact on both the performance and profitability of a business.
It is all a question of attitude - learning to regard complaints as a valuable source of market data and a unique opportunity to strengthen the relationship with the customer.
Often it is not the fact that something is actually wrong that annoys as customer, so much as the perception that they are not receiving a sympathetic hearing. A well-handled response can do more than just restore a customer relationship - it can improve it.
Indeed, research suggests that customers who complain and receive satisfaction tend to be more loyal than customers who do not complain at all. For a customer driven business, then, complaints are the highest form of feedback.
A business that lacks an effective complaint mechanism is not only ignoring an important source of information about the marketplace - it could also be allowing potentially destructive perceptions to spread within its customer base.
Very often the most damaging complaints are not brought to the company's attention but are voiced to other customers. Most dissatisfied customers voice their resentment to at least four other actual or potential customers. Without the window into your customers' feelings that an effective complaints mechanism affords, serious damage could be done to your reputation without your even knowing about it.
So rather than hoping your customers do not complain, you might be better off establishing a mechanism that positively encourages them to.
Here is five-step procedure to help you make the most of customer complaints:
Finally, make sure everyone who needs to know is informed of the complaint and the remedy - and that the lesson is taken to heart and integrated into your standard operating procedures for the future.
If you are in the Orkney area and are looking for support and advice from a team of professional accountants and business advisers, contact Gray Associates.


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1. Make peace with your parents. Whether you finally recognize that they actually have your best interests in mind or you forgive them for being flawed human beings, you can't happily enter adulthood with that familial brand of resentment.
2. Kiss someone you think is out of your league; kiss models and med students and entrepreneurs with part-time lives in Dubai and don't worry about if they're going to call you afterward.
3. Minimize your passivity.
4. Work a service job to gain some understanding of how tipping works, how to keep your cool around assholes, how a few kind words can change someone's day.
5. Recognize freedom as a 5:30 a.m. trip to the diner with a bunch of strangers you've just met.
6. Try not to beat yourself up over having obtained a 'useless' Bachelor's Degree. Debt is hell, and things didn't pan out quite like you expected, but you did get to go to college, and having a degree isn't the worst thing in the world to have. We will figure this mess out, I think, probably; the point is you're not worth less just because there hasn't been an immediate pay off for going to school. Be patient, work with what you have, and remember that a lot of us are in this together.
7. If you're employed in any capacity, open a savings account. You never know when you might be unemployed or in desperate need of getting away for a few days. Even $10 a week is $520 more a year than you would've had otherwise.
8. Make a habit of going outside, enjoying the light, relearning your friends, forgetting the internet.
9. Go on a 4-day, brunch-fueled bender.
10. Start a relationship with your crush by telling them that you want them. Directly. Like, look them in the face and say it to them. Say, I want you. I want to be with you.
11. Learn to say 'no' — to yourself. Don't keep wearing high heels if you hate them; don't keep smoking if you're disgusted by the way you smell the morning after; stop wasting entire days on your couch if you're going to complain about missing the sun.
12. Take time to revisit the places that made you who you are: the apartment you grew up in, your middle school, your hometown. These places may or may not be here forever; you definitely won't be.
13. Find a hobby that makes being alone feel lovely and empowering and like something to look forward to.
14. Think you know yourself until you meet someone better than you.
15. Forget who you are, what your priorities are, and how a person should be.
16. Identify your fears and instead of letting them dictate your every move, find and talk to people who have overcome them. Don't settle for experiencing .000002% of what the world has to offer because you're afraid of getting on a plane.
17. Make a habit of cleaning up and letting go. Just because it fit at one point doesn't mean you need to keep it forever — whether 'it' is your favorite pair of pants or your ex.
18. Stop hating yourself.
19. Go out and watch that movie, read that book, listen to that band you already lied about watching, reading, listening to.
20. Take advantage of health insurance while you have it.
21. Make a habit of telling people how you feel, whether it means writing a gushing fan-girl email to someone whose work you love or telling your boss why you deserve a raise.
22. Date someone who says, "I love you" first.
23. Leave the country under the premise of "finding yourself." This will be unsuccessful. Places do not change people. Instead, do a lot of solo drinking, read a lot of books, have sex in dirty hostels, and come home when you start to miss it.
25. Quit that job that's making you miserable, end the relationship that makes you act like a lunatic, lose the friend whose sole purpose in life is making you feel like you're perpetually on the verge of vomiting. You're young, you're resilient, there are other jobs and relationships and friends if you're patient and open.


text:
Privacy Policy
Last updated September 17, 2020.At United Podcasters ("UP"), we collect and manage user data according to the following Privacy Policy, with the goal of incorporating our company values: transparency, accessibility, sanity, usability. This document is part of UP's Terms of Service, and by using up.audio (the "Website"), you agree to the terms of this Privacy Policy and the Terms of Service. Please read the Terms of Service in their entirety, and refer to those for definitions and contacts.
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text:
perl590delta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
This document describes differences between the 5.8.0 release and the 5.9.0 release.
Mainly due to security reasons, the "random ordering" of hashes has been made even more random. Previously while the order of hash elements from keys(), values(), and each() was essentially random, it was still repeatable. Now, however, the order varies between different runs of Perl.
Perl has never guaranteed any ordering of the hash keys, and the ordering has already changed several times during the lifetime of Perl 5. Also, the ordering of hash keys has always been, and continues to be, affected by the insertion order.
The added randomness may affect applications.
One possible scenario is when output of an application has included hash data. For example, if you have used the Data::Dumper module to dump data into different files, and then compared the files to see whether the data has changed, now you will have false positives since the order in which hashes are dumped will vary. In general the cure is to sort the keys (or the values); in particular for Data::Dumper to use the Sortkeys
option. If some particular order is really important, use tied hashes: for example the Tie::IxHash module which by default preserves the order in which the hash elements were added.
More subtle problem is reliance on the order of "global destruction". That is what happens at the end of execution: Perl destroys all data structures, including user data. If your destructors (the DESTROY subroutines) have assumed any particular ordering to the global destruction, there might be problems ahead. For example, in a destructor of one object you cannot assume that objects of any other class are still available, unless you hold a reference to them. If the environment variable PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero value, or if Perl is exiting a spawned thread, it will also destruct the ordinary references and the symbol tables that are no longer in use. You can't call a class method or an ordinary function on a class that has been collected that way.
The hash randomisation is certain to reveal hidden assumptions about some particular ordering of hash elements, and outright bugs: it revealed a few bugs in the Perl core and core modules.
To disable the hash randomisation in runtime, set the environment variable PERL_HASH_SEED to 0 (zero) before running Perl (for more information see "PERL_HASH_SEED" in perlrun), or to disable the feature completely in compile time, compile with -DNO_HASH_SEED
(see INSTALL).
See "Algorithmic Complexity Attacks" in perlsec for the original rationale behind this change.
In Perl 5.8.0 all filehandles, including the standard filehandles, were implicitly set to be in Unicode UTF-8 if the locale settings indicated the use of UTF-8. This feature caused too many problems, so the feature was turned off and redesigned: see "Core Enhancements".
The version strings or v-strings (see "Version Strings" in perldata) feature introduced in Perl 5.6.0 has been a source of some confusion-- especially when the user did not want to use it, but Perl thought it knew better. Especially troublesome has been the feature that before a "=>" a version string (a "v" followed by digits) has been interpreted as a v-string instead of a string literal. In other words:
%h = ( v65 => 42 );
has meant since Perl 5.6.0
%h = ( 'A' => 42 );
(at least in platforms of ASCII progeny) Perl 5.8.1 restored the more natural interpretation
%h = ( 'v65' => 42 );
The multi-number v-strings like v65.66 and 65.66.67 still continue to be v-strings in Perl 5.8.
The -C switch has changed in an incompatible way. The old semantics of this switch only made sense in Win32 and only in the "use utf8" universe in 5.6.x releases, and do not make sense for the Unicode implementation in 5.8.0. Since this switch could not have been used by anyone, it has been repurposed. The behavior that this switch enabled in 5.6.x releases may be supported in a transparent, data-dependent fashion in a future release.
For the new life of this switch, see "UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales", and "-C" in perlrun.
Since version 5.8.1, perl uses the /d switch when running the cmd.exe shell internally for system(), backticks, and when opening pipes to external programs. The extra switch disables the execution of AutoRun commands from the registry, which is generally considered undesirable when running external programs. If you wish to retain compatibility with the older behavior, set PERL5SHELL in your environment to cmd /x/c
variable has been removed$*
, which was deprecated in favor of the /s
and /m
regexp modifiers, has been removed.
Perl 5.9.0 has experimental support for assertions. Note that the user interface is not fully stabilized yet, and it may change until the 5.10.0 release. A new command-line switch, -A, is used to activate assertions, which are declared with the assertions
pragma. See assertions.
A new operator //
(defined-or) has been implemented. The following statement:
$a // $b
is merely equivalent to
defined $a ? $a : $b
$c //= $d;
can be used instead of
$c = $d unless defined $c;
This operator has the same precedence and associativity as ||
. It has a low-precedence counterpart, err
, which has the same precedence and associativity as or
. Special care has been taken to ensure that those operators Do What You Mean while not breaking old code, but some edge cases involving the empty regular expression may now parse differently. See perlop for details.
In Perl 5.8.0 many Unicode features were introduced. One of them was found to be of more nuisance than benefit: the automagic (and silent) "UTF-8-ification" of filehandles, including the standard filehandles, if the user's locale settings indicated use of UTF-8.
For example, if you had en_US.UTF-8
as your locale, your STDIN and STDOUT were automatically "UTF-8", in other words an implicit binmode(..., ":utf8") was made. This meant that trying to print, say, chr(0xff), ended up printing the bytes 0xc3 0xbf. Hardly what you had in mind unless you were aware of this feature of Perl 5.8.0. The problem is that the vast majority of people weren't: for example in RedHat releases 8 and 9 the default locale setting is UTF-8, so all RedHat users got UTF-8 filehandles, whether they wanted it or not. The pain was intensified by the Unicode implementation of Perl 5.8.0 (still) having nasty bugs, especially related to the use of s/// and tr///. (Bugs that have been fixed in 5.8.1)
Therefore a decision was made to backtrack the feature and change it from implicit silent default to explicit conscious option. The new Perl command line option -C
and its counterpart environment variable PERL_UNICODE can now be used to control how Perl and Unicode interact at interfaces like I/O and for example the command line arguments. See "-C" in perlrun and "PERL_UNICODE" in perlrun for more information.
In Perl 5.8.0 the so-called "safe signals" were introduced. This means that Perl no longer handles signals immediately but instead "between opcodes", when it is safe to do so. The earlier immediate handling easily could corrupt the internal state of Perl, resulting in mysterious crashes.
However, the new safer model has its problems too. Because now an opcode, a basic unit of Perl execution, is never interrupted but instead let to run to completion, certain operations that can take a long time now really do take a long time. For example, certain network operations have their own blocking and timeout mechanisms, and being able to interrupt them immediately would be nice.
Therefore perl 5.8.1 introduced a "backdoor" to restore the pre-5.8.0 (pre-5.7.3, really) signal behaviour. Just set the environment variable PERL_SIGNALS to unsafe
, and the old immediate (and unsafe) signal handling behaviour returns. See "PERL_SIGNALS" in perlrun and "Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)" in perlipc.
In completely unrelated news, you can now use safe signals with POSIX::SigAction. See "POSIX::SigAction" in POSIX.
Formerly, the indices passed to FETCH
, and DELETE
methods in tied array class were always non-negative. If the actual argument was negative, Perl would call FETCHSIZE implicitly and add the result to the index before passing the result to the tied array method. This behaviour is now optional. If the tied array class contains a package variable named $NEGATIVE_INDICES
which is set to a true value, negative values will be passed to FETCH
, and DELETE
The syntaxes
local ${$x}
local @{$x}
local %{$x}
now do localise variables, given that the $x is a valid variable name.
The copy of the Unicode Character Database included in Perl 5.8 has been updated to 4.0.0 from 3.2.0. This means for example that the Unicode character properties are as in Unicode 4.0.0.
now defaults to unpacking the $_
in void context is no longer expensive. map
is now context aware, and will not construct a list if called in void context.
If a socket gets closed by the server while printing to it, the client now gets a SIGPIPE. While this new feature was not planned, it fell naturally out of PerlIO changes, and is to be considered an accidental feature.
PerlIO::get_layers(FH) returns the names of the PerlIO layers active on a filehandle.
PerlIO::via layers can now have an optional UTF8 method to indicate whether the layer wants to "auto-:utf8" the stream.
utf8::is_utf8() has been added as a quick way to test whether a scalar is encoded internally in UTF-8 (Unicode).
The following modules and pragmata have been updated since Perl 5.8.0:
In much better shape than it used to be. Still far from perfect, but maybe worth a try.
An optional feature, :hireswallclock
, now allows for high resolution wall clock times (uses Time::HiRes).
See B::Bytecode.
Now has bytes::substr.
One can now have custom character name aliases.
There is now a simple command line frontend to the CPAN.pm module called cpan.
A new option, Pair, allows choosing the separator between hash keys and values.
Significant updates on the encoding pragma functionality (tr/// and the DATA filehandle, formats).
If a filehandle has been marked as to have an encoding, unmappable characters are detected already during input, not later (when the corrupted data is being used).
The ISO 8859-6 conversion table has been corrected (the 0x30..0x39 erroneously mapped to U+0660..U+0669, instead of U+0030..U+0039). The GSM 03.38 conversion did not handle escape sequences correctly. The UTF-7 encoding has been added (making Encode feature-complete with Unicode::String).
A lot of bugs have been fixed since v1.60, the version included in Perl v5.8.0. Especially noteworthy are the bug in Calc that caused div and mod to fail for some large values, and the fixes to the handling of bad inputs.
Some new features were added, e.g. the broot() method, you can now pass parameters to config() to change some settings at runtime, and it is now possible to trap the creation of NaN and infinity.
As usual, some optimizations took place and made the math overall a tad faster. In some cases, quite a lot faster, actually. Especially alternative libraries like Math::BigInt::GMP benefit from this. In addition, a lot of the quite clunky routines like fsqrt() and flog() are now much much faster.
Diamond inheritance now works.
Reading from non-string scalars (like the special variables, see perlvar) now works.
Complete rewrite. As a side-effect, no longer refuses to startup when run by root.
New utilities: refaddr, isvstring, looks_like_number, set_prototype.
Can now store code references (via B::Deparse, so not foolproof).
Earlier versions of the strict pragma did not check the parameters implicitly passed to its "import" (use) and "unimport" (no) routine. This caused the false idiom such as:
use strict qw(@ISA);
@ISA = qw(Foo);
This however (probably) raised the false expectation that the strict refs, vars and subs were being enforced (and that @ISA was somehow "declared"). But the strict refs, vars, and subs are not enforced when using this false idiom.
Starting from Perl 5.8.1, the above will cause an error to be raised. This may cause programs which used to execute seemingly correctly without warnings and errors to fail when run under 5.8.1. This happens because
use strict qw(@ISA);
will now fail with the error:
Unknown 'strict' tag(s) '@ISA'
The remedy to this problem is to replace this code with the correct idiom:
use strict;
use vars qw(@ISA);
@ISA = qw(Foo);
Now much more picky about extra or missing output from test scripts.
Use of nanosleep(), if available, allows mixing subsecond sleeps with alarms.
Several fixes, for example for join() problems and memory leaks. In some platforms (like Linux) that use glibc the minimum memory footprint of one ithread has been reduced by several hundred kilobytes.
Many memory leaks have been fixed.
Now returns extra information.
The h2xs
utility now produces a more modern layout: Foo-Bar/lib/Foo/Bar.pm instead of Foo/Bar/Bar.pm. Also, the boilerplate test is now called t/Foo-Bar.t instead of t/1.t.
The Perl debugger (lib/perl5db.pl) has now been extensively documented and bugs found while documenting have been fixed.
has been rewritten from scratch to be more robust and feature rich.
perlcc -B
works now at least somewhat better, while perlcc -c
is rather more broken. (The Perl compiler suite as a whole continues to be experimental.)
perl573delta has been added to list the differences between the (now quite obsolete) development releases 5.7.2 and 5.7.3.
perl58delta and perl581delta have been added: these are the perldeltas of 5.8.0 and 5.8.1, detailing the differences respectively between 5.6.0 and 5.8.0, and between 5.8.0 and 5.8.1.
perlartistic has been added: it is the Artistic License in pod format, making it easier for modules to refer to it.
perlcheat has been added: it is a Perl cheat sheet.
perlgpl has been added: it is the GNU General Public License in pod format, making it easier for modules to refer to it.
perlmacosx has been added to tell about the installation and use of Perl in Mac OS X.
perlos400 has been added to tell about the installation and use of Perl in OS/400 PASE.
perlreref has been added: it is a regular expressions quick reference.
The UNIX standard Perl location, /usr/bin/perl, is no longer overwritten by default if it exists. This change was very prudent because so many UNIX vendors already provide a /usr/bin/perl, but simultaneously many system utilities may depend on that exact version of Perl, so better not to overwrite it.
One can now specify installation directories for site and vendor man and HTML pages, and site and vendor scripts. See INSTALL.
One can now specify a destination directory for Perl installation by specifying the DESTDIR variable for make install
. (This feature is slightly different from the previous Configure -Dinstallprefix=...
.) See INSTALL.
gcc versions 3.x introduced a new warning that caused a lot of noise during Perl compilation: gcc -Ialreadyknowndirectory (warning: changing search order)
. This warning has now been avoided by Configure weeding out such directories before the compilation.
One can now build subsets of Perl core modules by using the Configure flags -Dnoextensions=...
and -Donlyextensions=...
, see INSTALL.
In Cygwin Perl can now be built with threads (Configure -Duseithreads
). This works with both Cygwin 1.3.22 and Cygwin 1.5.3.
In newer FreeBSD releases Perl 5.8.0 compilation failed because of trying to use malloc.h, which in FreeBSD is just a dummy file, and a fatal error to even try to use. Now malloc.h is not used.
Perl is now known to build also in Hitachi HI-UXMPP.
Perl is now known to build again in LynxOS.
Mac OS X now installs with Perl version number embedded in installation directory names for easier upgrading of user-compiled Perl, and the installation directories in general are more standard. In other words, the default installation no longer breaks the Apple-provided Perl. On the other hand, with Configure -Dprefix=/usr
you can now really replace the Apple-supplied Perl (please be careful).
Mac OS X now builds Perl statically by default. This change was done mainly for faster startup times. The Apple-provided Perl is still dynamically linked and shared, and you can enable the sharedness for your own Perl builds by Configure -Duseshrplib
Perl has been ported to IBM's OS/400 PASE environment. The best way to build a Perl for PASE is to use an AIX host as a cross-compilation environment. See README.os400.
Yet another cross-compilation option has been added: now Perl builds on OpenZaurus, an Linux distribution based on Mandrake + Embedix for the Sharp Zaurus PDA. See the Cross/README file.
Tru64 when using gcc 3 drops the optimisation for toke.c to -O2
because of gigantic memory use with the default -O3
Tru64 can now build Perl with the newer Berkeley DBs.
Building Perl on WinCE has been much enhanced, see README.ce and README.perlce.
There have been many fixes in the area of anonymous subs, lexicals and closures. Although this means that Perl is now more "correct", it is possible that some existing code will break that happens to rely on the faulty behaviour. In practice this is unlikely unless your code contains a very complex nesting of anonymous subs, evals and lexicals.
If an input filehandle is marked :utf8
and Perl sees illegal UTF-8 coming in when doing <FH>
, if warnings are enabled a warning is immediately given - instead of being silent about it and Perl being unhappy about the broken data later. (The :encoding(utf8)
layer also works the same way.)
binmode(SOCKET, ":utf8") only worked on the input side, not on the output side of the socket. Now it works both ways.
For threaded Perls certain system database functions like getpwent() and getgrent() now grow their result buffer dynamically, instead of failing. This means that at sites with lots of users and groups the functions no longer fail by returning only partial results.
Perl 5.8.0 had accidentally broken the capability for users to define their own uppercase<->lowercase Unicode mappings (as advertised by the Camel). This feature has been fixed and is also documented better.
In 5.8.0 this
$some_unicode .= <FH>;
didn't work correctly but instead corrupted the data. This has now been fixed.
Tied methods like FETCH etc. may now safely access tied values, i.e. resulting in a recursive call to FETCH etc. Remember to break the recursion, though.
At startup Perl blocks the SIGFPE signal away since there isn't much Perl can do about it. Previously this blocking was in effect also for programs executed from within Perl. Now Perl restores the original SIGFPE handling routine, whatever it was, before running external programs.
Linenumbers in Perl scripts may now be greater than 65536, or 2**16. (Perl scripts have always been able to be larger than that, it's just that the linenumber for reported errors and warnings have "wrapped around".) While scripts that large usually indicate a need to rethink your code a bit, such Perl scripts do exist, for example as results from generated code. Now linenumbers can go all the way to 4294967296, or 2**32.
Setting $0 works again (with certain limitations that Perl cannot do much about: see "$0" in perlvar)
Setting $0 now works.
Configuration now tests for the presence of poll()
, and IO::Poll now uses the vendor-supplied function if detected.
A rare access violation at Perl start-up could occur if the Perl image was installed with privileges or if there was an identifier with the subsystem attribute set in the process's rightslist. Either of these circumstances triggered tainting code that contained a pointer bug. The faulty pointer arithmetic has been fixed.
The length limit on values (not keys) in the %ENV hash has been raised from 255 bytes to 32640 bytes (except when the PERL_ENV_TABLES setting overrides the default use of logical names for %ENV). If it is necessary to access these long values from outside Perl, be aware that they are implemented using search list logical names that store the value in pieces, each 255-byte piece (up to 128 of them) being an element in the search list. When doing a lookup in %ENV from within Perl, the elements are combined into a single value. The existing VMS-specific ability to access individual elements of a search list logical name via the $ENV{'foo;N'} syntax (where N is the search list index) is unimpaired.
The piping implementation now uses local rather than global DCL symbols for inter-process communication.
File::Find could become confused when navigating to a relative directory whose name collided with a logical name. This problem has been corrected by adding directory syntax to relative path names, thus preventing logical name translation.
A memory leak in the fork() emulation has been fixed.
The return value of the ioctl() built-in function was accidentally broken in 5.8.0. This has been corrected.
The internal message loop executed by perl during blocking operations sometimes interfered with messages that were external to Perl. This often resulted in blocking operations terminating prematurely or returning incorrect results, when Perl was executing under environments that could generate Windows messages. This has been corrected.
Pipes and sockets are now automatically in binary mode.
The four-argument form of select() did not preserve $! (errno) properly when there were errors in the underlying call. This is now fixed.
The "CR CR LF" problem of has been fixed, binmode(FH, ":crlf") is now effectively a no-op.
All the warnings related to pack() and unpack() were made more informative and consistent.
The old version
A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
was misleading because the "other" included also the thread giving the warning.
It is not illegal to clear a restricted hash, so the warning was removed.
You must specify the block of code for sub
The old version
Invalid [] range "%s" in transliteration operator
was simply wrong because there are no "[] ranges" in tr///.
The padding spaces would appear after the newline, which is probably not what you had in mind.
If you think this
$x & $y == 0
tests whether the bitwise AND of $x and $y is zero, you will like this warning.
You cannot read() (or sysread()) from a closed or unopened filehandle.
Something pulled the plug on a live tied variable, Perl plays safe by bailing out.
An illegal user-defined Unicode casemapping was specified.
Something modified the values being iterated over. This is not good.
These news matter to you only if you either write XS code or like to know about or hack Perl internals (using Devel::Peek or any of the B::
modules counts), or like to run Perl with the -D
The embedding examples of perlembed have been reviewed to be up to date and consistent: for example, the correct use of PERL_SYS_INIT3() and PERL_SYS_TERM().
Extensive reworking of the pad code (the code responsible for lexical variables) has been conducted by Dave Mitchell.
Extensive work on the v-strings by John Peacock.
UTF-8 length and position cache: to speed up the handling of Unicode (UTF-8) scalars, a cache was introduced. Potential problems exist if an extension bypasses the official APIs and directly modifies the PV of an SV: the UTF-8 cache does not get cleared as it should.
APIs obsoleted in Perl 5.8.0, like sv_2pv, sv_catpvn, sv_catsv, sv_setsv, are again available.
Certain Perl core C APIs like cxinc and regatom are no longer available at all to code outside the Perl core of the Perl core extensions. This is intentional. They never should have been available with the shorter names, and if you application depends on them, you should (be ashamed and) contact perl5-porters to discuss what are the proper APIs.
Certain Perl core C APIs like Perl_list
are no longer available without their Perl_
prefix. If your XS module stops working because some functions cannot be found, in many cases a simple fix is to add the Perl_
prefix to the function and the thread context aTHX_
as the first argument of the function call. This is also how it should always have been done: letting the Perl_-less forms to leak from the core was an accident. For cleaner embedding you can also force this for all APIs by defining at compile time the cpp define PERL_NO_SHORT_NAMES.
Perl_save_bool() has been added.
Regexp objects (those created with qr
) now have S-magic rather than R-magic. This fixed regexps of the form /...(??{...;$x})/ to no longer ignore changes made to $x. The S-magic avoids dropping the caching optimization and making (??{...}) constructs obscenely slow (and consequently useless). See also "Magic Variables" in perlguts. Regexp::Copy was affected by this change.
The Perl internal debugging macros DEBUG() and DEB() have been renamed to PERL_DEBUG() and PERL_DEB() to avoid namespace conflicts.
removed (the leaktest had been broken and unsupported for years, use alternative debugging mallocs or tools like valgrind and Purify).
Verbose modifier v
added for -DXv
and -Dsv
, see perlrun.
In Perl 5.8.0 there were about 69000 separate tests in about 700 test files, in Perl 5.9.0 there are about 77000 separate tests in about 780 test files. The exact numbers depend on the Perl configuration and on the operating system platform.
The hash randomisation mentioned in "Incompatible Changes" is definitely problematic: it will wake dormant bugs and shake out bad assumptions.
Many of the rarer platforms that worked 100% or pretty close to it with perl 5.8.0 have been left a little bit untended since their maintainers have been otherwise busy lately, and therefore there will be more failures on those platforms. Such platforms include Mac OS Classic, IBM z/OS (and other EBCDIC platforms), and NetWare. The most common Perl platforms (Unix and Unix-like, Microsoft platforms, and VMS) have large enough testing and expert population that they are doing well.
Tied hashes do not currently return anything useful in scalar context, for example when used as boolean tests:
if (%tied_hash) { ... }
The current nonsensical behaviour is always to return false, regardless of whether the hash is empty or has elements.
The root cause is that there is no interface for the implementors of tied hashes to implement the behaviour of a hash in scalar context.
The subtests 9 and 18 of lib/Net/Ping/t/450_service.t, and the subtest 2 of lib/Net/Ping/t/510_ping_udp.t might fail if you have an unusual networking setup. For example in the latter case the test is trying to send a UDP ping to the IP address 127.0.0.1.
The C-generating compiler backend B::C (the frontend being perlcc -c
) is even more broken than it used to be because of the extensive lexical variable changes. (The good news is that B::Bytecode and ByteLoader are better than they used to be.)
IBM z/OS and other EBCDIC platforms continue to be problematic regarding Unicode support. Many Unicode tests are skipped when they really should be fixed.
In Cygwin 1.5 the io/tell and op/sysio tests have failures for some yet unknown reason. In 1.5.5 the threads tests stress_cv, stress_re, and stress_string are failing unless the environment variable PERLIO is set to "perlio" (which makes also the io/tell failure go away).
Perl 5.8.1 does build and work well with Cygwin 1.3: with (uname -a) CYGWIN_NT-5.0 ... 1.3.22(0.78/3/2) 2003-03-18 09:20 i686 ...
a 100% "make test" was achieved with Configure -des -Duseithreads
With certain HP C compiler releases (e.g. B.11.11.02) you will get many warnings like this (lines wrapped for easier reading):
cc: "/usr/include/sys/socket.h", line 504: warning 562:
Redeclaration of "sendfile" with a different storage class specifier:
"sendfile" will have internal linkage.
cc: "/usr/include/sys/socket.h", line 505: warning 562:
Redeclaration of "sendpath" with a different storage class specifier:
"sendpath" will have internal linkage.
The warnings show up both during the build of Perl and during certain lib/ExtUtils tests that invoke the C compiler. The warning, however, is not serious and can be ignored.
The test t/uni/tr_7jis.t is known to report failure under 'make test' or the test harness with certain releases of IRIX (at least IRIX 6.5 and MIPSpro Compilers Version 188.8.131.52m), but if run manually the test fully passes.
The Perl malloc (-Dusemymalloc
) does not work at all in Mac OS X. This is not that serious, though, since the native malloc works just fine.
In the latest Tru64 releases (e.g. v5.1B or later) gcc cannot be used to compile a threaded Perl (-Duseithreads) because the system <pthread.h>
file doesn't know about gcc.
As of the 5.8.0 release, sysopen()/sysread()/syswrite() do not behave like they used to in 5.6.1 and earlier with respect to "text" mode. These built-ins now always operate in "binary" mode (even if sysopen() was passed the O_TEXT flag, or if binmode() was used on the file handle). Note that this issue should only make a difference for disk files, as sockets and pipes have always been in "binary" mode in the Windows port. As this behavior is currently considered a bug, compatible behavior may be re-introduced in a future release. Until then, the use of sysopen(), sysread() and syswrite() is not supported for "text" mode operations.
Here are some things that are planned for perl 5.10.0 :
Various Copy-On-Write techniques will be investigated in hopes of speeding up Perl.
CPANPLUS, Inline, and Module::Build will become core modules.
The ability to write true lexically scoped pragmas will be introduced, perhaps via a pragma
Work will continue on the bytecompiler and byteloader.
v-strings as they currently exist are scheduled to be deprecated. The v-less form (1.2.3) will become a "version object" when used with use
, require
, and $VERSION
. $^V will also be a "version object" so the printf("%vd",...) construct will no longer be needed. The v-ful version (v1.2.3) will become obsolete. The equivalence of strings and v-strings (e.g. that currently 5.8.0 is equal to "\5\8\0") will go away. There may be no deprecation warning for v-strings, though: it is quite hard to detect when v-strings are being used safely, and when they are not.
If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl bug database at http://bugs.perl.org/. There may also be information at http://www.perl.com/, the Perl Home Page.
If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the perlbug program included with your release. Be sure to trim your bug down to a tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the output of perl -V
, will be sent off to email@example.com to be analysed by the Perl porting team. You can browse and search the Perl 5 bugs at http://bugs.perl.org/.
The Changes file for exhaustive details on what changed.
The INSTALL file for how to build Perl.
The README file for general stuff.
The Artistic and Copying files for copyright information.


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As a general rule, if you lose your Swiss driving licence while living abroad, you will be issued only with a certificate detailing the categories of vehicle for which your licence is valid in Switzerland (in so far as the relevant cantonal road traffic office still has this information in its records). To obtain this document, you need to contact the cantonal authority that issued your Swiss driving licence (i.e. from the place where you sat your theory and driving tests).
Loss of Swiss driving licence – Residence abroad
Without any guarantee that your application will be successful, you may present the following documents to the competent road traffic office in your country of residence with a view to obtaining a local driving licence:
- a certificate detailing the categories of vehicle for which your original driving licence is valid in Switzerland
- written confirmation from the cantonal road traffic office that Swiss law does not permit the issue of a duplicate Swiss driving licence if the holder is resident abroad
- a police report on the loss of the original driving licence obtained from the local police where the loss occurred
Documents issued by a Swiss authority may need to be legalised (apostille) before they are submitted to a foreign authority. You will find more information on this procedure under the Legalisations sectiion.


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Chronic Lyme Disease Treatment in Newfields, NH
Lyme disease develops when the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria is transmitted by the bite of a deer tick and spreads throughout the body. Proper diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential in preventing serious complications of Lyme disease. Several weeks of antibiotic treatment in the early stages of Lyme disease can result in complete, rapid recovery for most patients. However, in some cases, symptoms persist in spite of treatment—either because the window of time has elapsed for early treatment or because the patient simply did not respond to antibiotic treatment.
Cases of Lyme disease that do not respond to antibiotic treatment are referred to in Western medicine as post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome. If the disease is not diagnosed or treated early, spirochetes can spread into different parts of the body and remain dormant, with symptoms not emerging until days, months or years later. When Lyme disease persists for longer than six months—whether undiagnosed or post-treatment—it is commonly referred to as chronic Lyme disease and can be difficult to treat.
As one of the most misdiagnosed and improperly treated chronic health conditions, chronic Lyme disease can debilitate you physically and emotionally. If you have prolonged symptoms relating to Lyme disease, meet with an integrative healthcare provider who can bring about sustained relief. To schedule a consultation with a healthcare clinic in Newfields that specializes in chronic Lyme disease treatment, call (207) 536-9661 or contact Dr. Johanna Mauss online.
Chronic Lyme Disease Symptoms
In the first 30 days after the infecting tick bite, the telling symptom of Lyme disease is the Erythema migrans (EM) rash, which begins at the site of the bite and expands up to 12 inches, creating somewhat of a "bullseye" appearance. It is seldom painful or itchy, but may feel warm to the touch. It can appear on any area of the body; however, not all people who have been infected with the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria experience this rash, which then often results in a delay in treatment.
Other early symptoms often present flulike and may include:
- Fever
- Chills
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Muscle and joint aches
- Swollen lymph nodes
Over time, untreated or ineffectively treated Lyme disease can cause an inflammatory response within your body and profoundly impact the healthy function of your immune system. Chronic Lyme disease symptoms that may develop days, weeks and months into the infection include:
- Dizziness
- Shortness of breath
- Neck stiffness
- Sleep impairment
- Severe recurrent headaches
- Nerve pain
- Short-term memory loss
- Depression
- EM rashes on other parts of the body
- Arthritis symptoms with severe joint pain and swelling of large joints, particularly the knees
- Facial palsy
- Chronic pain, intermittent or constant, in bones, joints, tendons and muscles
- Irregular heart beat
- Numbness, tingling or shooting pain in hands and feet
- Brain fog and even severe cognitive impairment
Some studies suggest chronic Lyme disease symptoms in women more often seem to continue post-treatment. Chronic Lyme disease is a more common diagnosis among women than men. Whether there is a higher incidence of chronic Lyme among women, or whether they are being misdiagnosed with chronic Lyme disease, is the question. The fact is, misdiagnosis is common since women present similar symptoms when they actually suffer from an autoimmune disease. It may be instead that women with chronic symptoms of Lyme Disease are suffering from a severe immune response brought on by the illness. Understanding the disease's sometimes catastrophic and chronic impact in women's bodies is an ongoing subject for study.
Diagnosing Chronic Lyme Disease and Lyme Disease Test
Diagnosing chronic Lyme disease is no simple matter since similar symptoms are seen in other infectious or autoimmune diseases like Epstein Barr, chronic fatigue, lupus, fibromyalgia, arthritis and even depression.
A combination of the Western blot and ELISA tests—which measure specific antibodies (rather than bacteria) in the blood—are often recommended, but the test is flawed. For one thing, it takes time for antibodies to develop before the tests can register their presence and, for various other reasons, it is oftentimes inconclusive.
A direct microscopy, which is often performed by holistic health practitioners in combination with other physical exams and patient history to develop a diagnosis, is another option. Often, it is a comprehensive review of your symptoms in addition to the direct microscopy that can best identify chronic Lyme disease.
Options for Chronic Lyme Disease Treatment
Antibiotics are not a cure-all solution for Lyme disease; rather, a whole body approach to healing is necessary in both acute and chronic Lyme disease cases. Since chronic Lyme disease triggers a severe inflammatory response in your body, controlling inflammation is one of the first steps before your body can heal. Restoring your immune system so that it can best fight the disease at its root level is the central goal for your integrative medicine healthcare provider. Getting enough sleep, managing stress, balancing hormones and reducing exposure to mold, parasites and toxic chemicals are all important considerations.
Dietary changes are key, including the consumption of anti-inflammatory and gut-healing foods (e.g., vegetables, grass fed meat, raw fermented dairy products, coconut, nuts and seeds, bone broth, etc.). Immune boosting foods like fresh fruits and vegetables (especially dark green leafy greens and colorful low-glycemic berries) are high in antioxidants and nutrients. Fermented probiotic-rich foods like kefir, amasai, raw goat's milk yogurt, unpasteurized sauerkraut or beet kvass have been shown to reduce the progression of infectious disease.
Addressing the chronic pain which is common to sufferers of chronic Lyme disease—while the disease is being combatted—can also involve alternatives to toxic, addictive pain medications. Some chronic pain treatments range from the use of frankincense essential oil, which contains the anti-inflammatory boswellia, to turmeric supplements and balms.
Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria, along with viruses and parasites that may develop in chronic Lyme disease, can attack healthy cells. Certain supplements have been shown helpful in restoring cellular health and restoring immune function, including vitamin D, CoQ10, medicinal mushrooms, B-complex vitamins (especially folic acid, B6 and B12), omega-3 fatty acids, magnesium, turmeric and supplemental probiotics. Adaptogenic herbs like ashwagandha can be used to balance hormones, including stress hormones. Antibacterial, antiviral essential oils like cinnamon and oregano can fight bad bacteria without the negative effects of antibiotics. Herbs like garlic, rhodiola, cat's claw and eleuthero root extract can also be helpful. For a complete list of foods, supplements, herbs and essential oils that can be used to combat chronic Lyme disease, consult an integrative medicine specialist.
If you suspect you have chronic Lyme disease or if you have been diagnosed but traditional medicine approaches have not worked for you, request more information about testing, diagnosis and integrative medicine treatment options today. Call (207) 536-9661 or contact Dr. Johanna Mauss online.
Vibrant Health Natropathic Medical Center
3 Riverside DriveGreenland, NH 03840
(207) 536-9661
8:30 am - 5:00 pm
9:00 am - 5:00 pm
10:30 am - 5:00 pm
9:00 am - 5:00 pm
10:00 am - 4:00 pm


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What to do if an attacker grabs you by your hair.
Watch what happens when a stranger asks three kids for directions
What to do if you are attacked from behind
"THROUGH A RAPIST'S EYES" (Please take time to read this. It may save a life.)
It seems that a lot of attackers use some tactic to get away with violence. Not many people know how to take care of themselves when faced with such a situation. Everyone should read this especially each n every girl in this world.
FYI - Through a rapist's eyes! A group of rapists and date rapists in prison were interviewed on what they look for in a potential victim and here are some interesting facts:
1] The first thing men look for in a potential victim is hairstyle.
They are most likely to go after a woman with a ponytail, bun! , braid
or other hairstyle that can easily be grabbed. They are also likely to go after a woman with long hair. Women with short hair are not common targets.
2] The second thing men look for is clothing. They will look for women who's clothing is easy to remove quickly. Many of them carry scissors around to cut clothing.
3] They also look for women using their cell phone, searching through their purse or doing other activities while walking because they are off guard and can be easily overpowered.
4] The number one place women are abducted from / attacked at is grocery store parking lots.
5] Number two is office parking lots/garages.
6] Number three is public restrooms.
7] The thing about these men is that they are looking to grab a woman and quickly move her to a second location where they don't have to worry about getting caught.
8] If you put up any kind of a fight at all, they get discouraged because it only takes a minute or two for them to realize that going after you isn't worth it because it will be time-consuming.
9] These men said they would not pick on women who have umbrellas, or other similar objects that can be used from a distance, in their hands.
10] Keys are not a deterrent because you have to get really close to the attacker to use them as a weapon. So, the idea is to convince these guys
you're not worth it.
1] If someone is following behind you on a street or in a garage or with you in an elevator or stairwell, look them in the face and ask
them a question, like what time is it, or make general small talk: can't believe it is so cold out here, we're in for a bad winter. Now
that you've seen their faces and could identify them in a line- up, you lose appeal as a target.
2] If someone is coming toward you, hold out your hands in front of you and yell Stop or Stay back! Most of the rapists this man talked to said they'd leave a woman alone if she yelled or showed that she would not be afraid to fight back. Again, they are looking for an EASY target.
3] If you carry pepper spray (this instructor was a huge advocate of it and carries it with him wherever he goes,) yelling I HAVE PEPPER SPRAY and holding it out will be a deterrent.
4] If someone grabs you, you can't beat them with strength but you can do it by outsmarting them. If you are grabbed around the waist from behind, pinch the attacker either under the arm between the elbow and armpit or in the upper inner thigh - HARD. One woman in a class this guy taught told him she used the underarm pinch on a guy who was trying to date rape her and was so upset she broke through the skin and tore out muscle strands the guy needed stitches. Try pinching yourself in those places as hard as you can stand it; it really hurts.
5] After the initial hit, always go for the groin. I know from a particularly unfortunate experience that if you slap a guy's parts it
is extremely painful. You might think that you'll anger the guy and make him want to hurt you more, but the thing these rapists told our instructor is that they want a woman who will not cause him a lot of trouble. Start causing trouble, and he's out of there.
6] When the guy puts his hands up to you, grab his first two fingers and bend them back as far as possible with as much pressure pushing down on them as possible. The instructor did it to me without using much pressure, and I ended up on my knees and both knuckles cracked audibly.
7] Of course the things we always hear still apply. Always be aware of your surroundings, take someone with you if you can and if you see any odd behavior, don't dismiss it, go with your instincts. You may feel little silly at the time, but you'd feel much worse if the guy really was trouble.
I know you are smart enough to know these pointers but there will be some, where you will go "hmm I must remember that" After reading, forward it to someone you care about, never hurts to be careful in this crazy world we live in.
1. Tip from Tae Kwon Do: The elbow is the strongest point on your body. If you are close enough to use it, do it.
2. Learned this from a tourist guide to New Orleans : if a robber asks for your wallet and/or purse, DO NOT HAND IT TO HIM. Toss it away from you.... chances are that he is more interested in your wallet and/or purse than you and he will go for the wallet/purse. RUN LIKE MAD IN THE OTHER DIRECTION!
3. If you are ever thrown into the trunk of a car: Kick out the back tail lights and stick your arm out the hole and start waving like
crazy. The driver won't see you but everybody else will. This has saved lives.
4. Women have a tendency to get into their cars after shopping,eating, working, etc., and just sit (doing their checkbook, or making a list, etc. DON'T DO THIS! The predator will be watching you, and this is the perfect opportunity for him to get in on the passenger side,put a gun to your head, and tell you where to go. AS SOON AS YOU CLOSE the DOORS , LEAVE.
5. A few notes about getting into your car in a parking lot, or parking garage:
a. Be aware: look around your car as someone may be hiding at the passenger side , peek into your car, inside the
passenger side floor, and in the back seat. ( DO THIS TOO BEFORE RIDING A TAXI CAB) .
b. If you! u are parked next to a big van, enter your car from the passenger door. Most serial killers attack their victims by pulling
them into their vans while the women are attempting to get into their cars.
c. Look at the car parked on the driver's side of your vehicle, and the passenger side. If a male is sitting alone in the seat nearest
your car, you may want to walk back into the mall, or work, and get a guard/policeman to walk you back out. IT IS ALWAYS BETTER TO BE SAFE THAN SORRY. (And better paranoid than dead.)
6. ALWAYS take the elevator instead of the stairs. (Stairwells are
horrible places to be alone and the perfect crime spot).
7. If the predator has a gun and you are not under his control, ALWAYS RUN! The predator will only hit you (a running target) 4 in 100 times;
And even then, it most likely WILL NOT be a vital organ. RUN!
8. As women, we are always trying to be sympathetic: STOP IT! It may get you raped, or killed. Ted Bundy, the serial killer, was a
good-looking, well educated man, who ALWAYS played on the sympathies of unsuspecting women. He walked with a cane, or a limp, and often asked "for help" into his vehicle or with his vehicle, which is when he abducted his next victim.
I'd like you to forward this to all the women you know. It may save a life. A candle is not dimmed by lighting another candle.
Send this to any woman you know that may need to be reminded that the world we live in has a lot of crazies in it and it's better safe than sorry.
'Helping hands are better than Praying Lips' – give us your helping hand.
How much do you know about Stalking?
February is Teen Dating Violence Awareness Month
Break the Cycle...
Talk to your Teen about Healthy Relationships
Find out more at http://www.teendvmonth.org/
Talk to your Teen about Healthy Relationships
Find out more at http://www.teendvmonth.org/
How to look your best the morning after
Viewer Discretion is advised: Domestic Violence Awareness Month is not only about prevention of a violent act, but it is also about bringing awareness towards helping the victims who go to great lengths to hide their pain.
Unfortunately, abuse in the home is all too common worldwide. If you or someone you know, is being abused, there is help.
The Domestic Abuse Hotline: 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) Website: http://www.thehotline.org/
Unfortunately, abuse in the home is all too common worldwide. If you or someone you know, is being abused, there is help.
The Domestic Abuse Hotline: 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) Website: http://www.thehotline.org/


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Direct link
Author's profile
Author: Cieslewicz, Roman Year of poster origin: 1966
B1 (39 x 28 in)
Not for sale
Authentic print from the poster´s year of origin. No copy, no reprint. Unused poster. Slightly folded when stored, any signs of wear are invisible. No tears, no pinholes at borders or any other signs of wear. 100% quality.
Only one piece in our collection, not for sale.
Related: Original Collector Posters, Foreign Posters, Foreign Theatre Posters, Polish Posters, Best Of, Polish Theatre Posters, Polish Opera Posters


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Included Slider Revolution WP
Slider Revolution is an innovative, responsive WordPress Slider Plugin that displays your content the beautiful way. Whether it's a Slider, Carousel, Hero Scene or even a whole Front Page, the visual, drag & drop editor.
RS demoRS Examples
Included LayerSlider WP
LayerSlider WP is a premium multi-purpose slider for creating image galleries, content sliders, and mind-blowing slideshows with must-see effects, even from your WordPress posts and pages.
LR DemoLR Examples


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26 april 2023
- Hemsida: http://frontrowtheatre.se
- Kategorier:
Front Row Theatre
Front Row Theatre run by Fraser MacLeod exists to bring high end performance art, in English, to southern Sweden. It also gives Fraser the opportunity to bring talented people together to create great theatre!
After having watched a great many plays in Swedish, where dialogue was not always understood by this native English speaker, Fraser realised the significant importance of a dynamic and visually intriguing performance. Use of the full depth and breadth of an acting area is central to Fraser's visual philosophy.
Not afraid to challenge some of society's norms, Fraser's plays have been characterised by reflections on status within the complex realms of class, gender and age. What has been key, however, to his success is the belief that theatre should be accessible to everyone and a demand for high standards.
Kommande arrangemang
Det finns inga evenemang att visa.


text: Are you looking for some special gift Animals of Mr.Somkiat, Cats No.4 Pullover Hoodie for your friends, your father, your mother, son, boyfriend, girlfriend? We have this idea for you. This product Animals of Mr.Somkiat, Cats No.4 Pullover Hoodie is perfect for you. Our T-shirt made of ringspun cotton for smoothness and body, and added rayon and polyester for extra stretch, drape, and breathability, this will be your new favorite t-shirt.


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Physical Sciences K-8: Digital Collections: Physics and Physical Science Units
ComPADRE is a consortia of related physics and astronomy materials offered by the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) and supported through the National Science Foundation through an NSDL Pathways Grant. Please browse our collection and its many links or visit the PSRC and the other ComPADRE collections.
Units are not listed in a prescribed order.
Physics Textbooks (1)
References and Collections:
This web site contains a free textbook for a non-mathematical Conceptual Physics course aimed at high school or beginning college students. The author adopts a modern approach to understanding physics revolving around the concepts of symmetry and conservation laws. Specific topics include Conservation of Mass and Energy, Conservation of Momentum, Relativity, Electricity and Fields, The Ray Model of Light, and Waves.
Online Resource Collections (7)
Lesson Plans:
This website offers lesson plans on more than 70 demonstrations for use in introductory physics classrooms. All demos have been fully tested in the classroom and were selected for inclusion because they are enjoyable, thought- provoking, and require minimal set-up. Historical anecdotes and commentary add to the depth of this unique resource.
This page contains links to K-8 lesson plans classified by grade level. Each lesson and unit was authored by a teacher whose school participates in the Core Knowledge Project, established to build academic excellence through specific, shared core curriculum. Some of the units are cross-curricular and cross-grade in their design, and each has been reviewed by a team of content experts at the Core Knowledge Foundation.
This collection, written by a high school physics teacher, contains detailed lesson plans for more than 50 hands-on labs on the topics of safety, measurement, mechanics, sound and light, and electricity. Activities include reproducible data record sheets, student work assignments, and short-answer queries. Labs are also organized into a week-by-week block plan to aid beginning teachers with a context for using each activity.
References and Collections:
This unique resource is a large collection of capsule reviews of material covered in introductory physics. The subjects are organized in flow charts that make it easy to move from one topic to a related one.
This resource is an educator's guide that integrates the Learning Cycle pedagogical model with activities for the high school physical science classroom. Each activity includes a series of questions with information and tips for the instructor. Topics range from mass and density through Newton's laws and electricity, to heat and light.
This collection offers well-organized sets of java simulations relating to physics for high school classroom use. The subjects include mechanics, waves, electricity, optics, thermodynamics, relativity, atoms, and nuclear physics. The simulations are designed to be easily manipulated by high school students.
This NSF-sponsored collection provides instructions for 24 inquiry-based high school physics labs available for free download. Topics include Mechanics, Waves, E&M, and Optics. The materials on Atomic Force Microscopy and Resistance of Atomic Wires are among the few web-based resources on nanophysics designed specifically for high school students.
The Scientific Process (2)
If you are concerned that your students may be missing the excitement, curiosity, inspiration, and passion that characterize the scientific endeavor, this web site is a must-see. You will find a great interactive tutorial taking an initial idea through hypothesis, control of variables, data collection, and communication of ideas. Kids will get a feel for the very fluid and dynamic nature of science as they learn the language of the scientific process. Teachers: look for the related lesson plans and printable wall posters.
References and Collections:
Want to get your students genuinely excited about how science is practiced by real people? The Physics Front editors highly recommend this set of modules for secondary science classrooms. The unit consists of 15 sections, including how to design a good experiment, manipulate variables, recognize bias, collect and interpret data, error/uncertainty, and how to clearly communicate findings.


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What Personal Information About Customers Does BoardStop.com Gather?
The information we learn from customers helps us personalize and continually improve your shopping experience at BoardStop.com. Here are the types of information we gather.
Information about our customers is an important part of our business, and we are not in the business of selling it to others.
We never will spam people or send unsolicited emails. We only send information about order receipts, or send out product notifications and newsletters to those who have specifically requested it. How Secure Is Information About Me?
BoardStop.com gives you access to information about your account and your interactions with BoardStop.com for the limited purpose of viewing and, in certain cases, updating that information.
What Choices Do I Have?
As discussed above, you can always choose not to provide information, even though it might be needed to make a purchase or to take advantage of such BoardStop.com features as your shopping cart and newsletter subscription.
BoardStop.com does not sell products for purchase by children. If you are under 18, you may use BoardStop.com only with the involvement of a parent or guardian.
Conditions of Use, Notices, and Revisions
If you choose to visit BoardStop.com, your visit and any dispute over privacy is subject to this Notice and our Conditions of Use, including limitations on damages, arbitration of disputes, and application of the law of the state of Texas. If you have any concern about privacy at BoardStop.com, please send us a thorough description, and we will try to resolve it.