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There are places where frogs could be — but aren't.
And places where frogs could be — and are.
Ninety years ago, scientists were debating the question of animal dispersal. How come there are kangaroos in Australia, and none in southern Africa --which seems, environmentally, very kangaroo-friendly? Certain frogs show up in warm ponds in one part of the world, but warm ponds a thousand miles away have none. Why?
Scientists in the 1930s hadn't yet come up with the notion of plate tectonics (that continents break up and move, carrying animals with them). Instead, the debate centered on two additional theories. First, that in ice ages, glaciers formed, sea levels dropped, creating land bridges (now lost) that allowed frogs to hop great distances from one continent to another ...
Thomas Barbour, then director of Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology, favored this "hopping" notion.
The alternate idea was that animals (including frogs and tadpoles) could be blown into the sky by wind, water and storm, and carried considerable distances to new places ...
Wind distribution was favored by Harvard professor Philip Darlington. He and Barbour were friends, but on this question they differed. One afternoon over coffee, Barbour pointed out that maybe frogs could be swept into the sky by a big blast of air, but when the winds died down, they would fall and die. Frogs, Barbour said, are too heavy to land safely. They'd splat.
No, they wouldn't, said Darlington. Frogs, he insisted, can survive high falls. And so the two professors made a wager and devised a frog experiment. This is "something we would obviously never perform today," writes Neil Shubin, in his book The Universe Within, but here's what they did.
Professor Darlington stood on the roof of a multistory building in Cambridge, carrying a bucket of live frogs. Professor Barbour waited in the yard below.
Then Professor Darlington tossed frogs off the roof, one by one. The first one landed — not comfortably. Professor Barbour leaned over and, seeing it motionless, shouted, "That one's dead."
Darlington threw another. As Neil describes it,
Barbour nodded as each frog hit and remained motionless in the grass below his feet. When Darlington descended with his empty bucket, he asked Barbour how the animals withstood the impact. Seeing the frogs strewn about, Barbour offered, "All dead."
Which is how it was for a few more minutes, until, just as Darlington was about to pay off his losing bet, he heard a sound. Maybe it was a croak. But then, one by one, every frog that had hit the ground began to stir, then move, then (one likes to think) hop. "Soon the grass was filled with frogs bounding in different locations," Neil writes.
Darlington had proved his point. There was nothing miraculous about these frogs surviving their fall, Neil writes.
"Small animals accelerate more slowly during a fall than do large ones, since they experience more air resistance for a given mass," he writes. (True, frogs are not terribly small animals, but they apparently are small enough to land safely). Basically, instead of dropping faster and faster and crash-landing, these frogs hit cruising speed as they descended and were probably able to right themselves and prepare to land safely.
To borrow a description from the great biologist J.B.S. Haldane, "You can drop a mouse down a thousand-yard mine shaft; and, on arriving at the bottom, it gets a slight shock and walks away. ... A rat is killed, a man is broken, a horse splashes."
Because of this experiment, we now know that, every so often, frogs can fly like Aladdin. After riding a carpet of air they just tumble off — opening up new froggy territories far from home. If you ever happen by a lonely pond way distant from its neighbors, and hear a single croak or two, you can look up at the sky and imagine how that croak got there. Maybe the frog flew.
University of Chicago paleontologist and professor of anatomy Neil Shubin writes about the frog experiment in his book The Universe Within: The Deep History of the Human Body.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Rapists on patrol (#6) / Men in Uniform (#4)
Trigger warning. This post includes narrative descriptions of sexual violence, sexual coercion, assaults, stalking, and harassment by police officers against women, men, and children, including several cases of extreme violence. It may be triggering for past experiences of sexual assault. It is certain to be extremely grim reading for anyone.
All of these news stories appeared in my feed reader at some point within the past month and a half. There are actually about four or five more on my list that I could have included (mostly domestic violence assaults), but I had to give up because I've been working on this for about twelve hours now and I cannot stand to type up even one more case tonight.
1. Officer Thomas Tolstoy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Cont'd.)
You may remember Officer Thomas Tolstoy, the serial rapist on Officer Jeffrey Cujdik's elite
narco-police shake-down squad, who, besides participating in repeated evidence-less paramilitary drug raids, also repeatedly took the opportunity to pull women aside during these hyperviolent home invasions and sexually assault them. The police department's response to three independent complaints from April 2008 to February 2009 was to temporarily place Tolstoy on desk duty (from October 2008 to January 2009), then put him back on the street to do more drug raids with Cujdik. The other stories about Cujdik's wolfpack appeared in local newspapers in March 2009; Tolstoy was finally put back on desk duty in May 2009. Meanwhile, while Tolstoy is rewarded for his sexual assaults with an easy desk job, he continues to receive not only his regular salary of $57,800, but also thousands of dollars in overtime pay for sitting his ass on a court-house bench while the DA extends subpoenas on tainted drug cases in which he will almost certainly never testify. The bill for maintaining Tolstoy in the lifestyle to which he has become accustomed will, of course, be sent along to Philadelphia taxpayers, including Tolstoy's three known victims. Deputy District Attorney John Delaney explains that the D.A.'s office continues to issue these money-wasting subpoenas on dead-end cases because We want to maintain the status quo.
No doubt.
2. Police Chief Michael Classey, Atlantic Beach, Florida.
The city government in Atlantic Beach, Florida hired a lawyer, allegedly to investigate
charges that chief Michael Classey had forced unwanted sexual contact on a female officer, Renee Jackson, who works sex crimes for the department. Instead, the lawyer put together a legal brief to defend the city from a lawsuit for sexual harassment — a charge that Jackson never made. Both the Jacksonville Sheriff's Department and the Florida Department of Law Enforcement have refused to investigate the charges. Professional courtesy,
I guess.
3. Deputy Gary C. Handley, Rogers County Sheriff's Office, Rogers County, Oklahoma.
Earlier this month, Deputy Gary C. Handley turned himself in to face charges on one county of sexual battery for forcing unwanted inappropriate touching
on a female courthouse employee.
4. Officer Jeffrey John Sung. San Francisco Police Department. San Francisco, California.
Earlier this month, veteran San Francisco motorcycle officer
Jeffrey John Sung plead not guilty to charges for sexual battery and false imprisonment without violence
[sic] for grabbing a female friend in her home, forcing unwanted groping on her while he talked about having sex with her, and refusing to let her leave when she tried to get away. When the victim managed to break free and call a relative for help, he ran away and left on his government-issue police motorcycle. Sung's lawyer has told the media that it was a misunderstanding of sorts.
5. Officer Roberto Pagan. Staten Island, New York.
Roberto Pagan, a patrol cop working for city government police on Staten Island, was suspended without pay last week after he started choking his girlfriend and then punched her in the eye during an argument on a public street. He has been suspended without pay and is facing misdemeanor charges; since he is a cop, this batterer was released on his own recognizance pending trial.
6. Officer Johnnie K. Hicks. Newport News, Virginia.
Last week, Johnnie K. Hicks, a cop working for the Newport News city government's police force on the South Preinct High Impact Patrol Unit,
was arrested for assaulting a woman in her home around 2:00am and brandishing a gun. While the Incident is being Internally Investigated by his coworkers, Hicks is being given a paid vacation at taxpayer expense.
7. Deputy Brian Gillespie. Broward Sheriff's Office. Oakland Park, Florida.
Last week, Deputy Brian Gillespie, a cop patrolling turf in Oakland Park, Florida for the Broward County government's sheriff's office, was arrested and charged with domestic violence battery after he grabbed his wife's arm during an argument, in order to force her not to leave the house without his permission, and then punched her several times and threw her down two steps onto the floor. This dangerous batterer has been given a paid vacation, at taxpayer expense, while under investigation, and was released from jail on a $250 bond.
8. Chief Deputy David E. Gidley. Tucker County Sheriff's Department. Tucker County, West Virginia.
Earlier this month, while he was on duty and in police uniform, Chief Deputy David E. Gidley, a cop working for the Tucker County government's police force, drove out in his police car to confront his estranged wife; in the course of an argument, he grabbed her by the arm hard enough to leave marks, and then chased her around her car while waving his ASP
tactical baton and beating on her car with it. Unhinged wife-beater Chief Deputy David Gidley has been arraigned on misdemeanor assault and domestic battery charges, and has been released on a $600 personal recognizance bond.
9. Police Chief Robert Peterson. Maysville Police Department, Maysville, Oklahoma.
Earlier this month, the Maysville city government decided to fire boss cop Robert Peterson, the chief of their government police force, after witnesses (including two fellow cops) saw him slap his girlfriend in the face during an argument outside of their apartment.
10. Police Chief Anthony Batts. Oakland Police Department. Oakland, California.
In California, on the other hand, city governments don't even maintain those minimal standards. Anthony Batts, formerly a cop working for the Long Beach city government's police department, had at least four crime reports taken against him for domestic violence charges in the cities of Long Beach, San Pedro, and San Diego. At one point he gave his then-wife, Laura Richardson-Batts, a black eye; she later sought refuge in a friend's house to get away from him. That didn't stop Batts from being promoted by the Long Beach city government to chief of police, and once he was, he put the domestic violence reports under lock and key in the police chief's office and altered reports to conceal their contents. Other cops working under him kept copies of the originals and used the reports to blackmail Batts to insulate themselves from disciplinary actions during a scandal over unprofessional conduct and retaliation and vandalism against whistleblowers within the department. Batts's domestic violence history has caused him problems in securing FBI security clearances and in maintaining his permit to carry a firearm. None of which, of course, has stopped the corrupt wife-beater Anthony Batts from being named chief of police for the city government in Oakland, California.
11. Officer Ronald Montgomery. Tulsa Police Department. Bixby, Oklahoma.
Officer Ronald Montgomery, a cop working for the Tulsa city government's police force, was arrested earlier this month for allegedly beating his wife and pointing his government-issued gun at her during an argument in front of their infant son and 8-year-old daughter. His wife went to the hospital with bruising and swelling to her arm and wrist; Officer Ronald Montgomery claims that he had not touched her
during the argument. This dangerous batterer, who beat a woman and pointed a loaded gun at her during an argument, is currently roaming free on $11,500 bond.
12. Police Officer Sam Parker. Lafayette Police Department. Lafayette, Georgia.
Sam Parker, a cop formerly working for the Lafayette city government's police force, is currently on trial on charges he abducted and murdered his ex-wife, Theresa Parker. The story this past Friday was that a former coworker, a Lafayette cop named Stacey Meeks, testified that Officer Sam Parker spent years openly bragging about killing people while on the job, and kept trophies to show off from people he had killed, such as the lethal bullet and crime scene photos from the killing. According to Meeks, Officer Sam Parker also carried a loaded weapon to the Grand Jury and said he planned to go out in a hail of bullets rather than get arrested if the jury voted to indict. After another Incident in 2003 where Officer Sam Parker fired off his gun on the job, several shrinks ruled him homicidal; Officer Sam Parker bragged about that with his coworkers, too. He also repeatedly watch Officer Sam Parker use chokeholds to take people down
while on the job. None of this deranged, attention-seeking, hyperviolent behavior seems to have endangered his position with the Lafayette city government's Police Department, or to have caused any legal consequences whatsoever for Officer Sam Parker; I wouldn't be surprised if he expected no more consequences when he went on to murder his wife.
13. Officer Jared Rohrig, Orange Police Department, Orange, Connecticut.
In Milford, Connecticut, Officer Jared Rohrig, a cop working for the Orange city government's police force, posed as his twin brother Joe to deceive his girlfriend into having sex with him. She realized while they were having sex that he wasn't Joe, and tried to get up and leave, so he grabbed her by the arms, threw her down, and forced her to continue having sex with him while she cried and struggled to push him off of her. The woman reported the rape to the government police three days later; Rohrig was given a paid vacation from his job starting the next day pending the result of an Internal Investigation.
14. Officer Matthew Raymond, Eliot, Maine.
In Maine, Officer Matthew Raymond was allowed to take a two-month-long paid vacation (to keep getting paid while using up vacation and sick time) before finally losing his job yesterday, so that he could continue to extract his $45,000/year regular salary from perfectly innocent Eliot taxpayers, while awaiting trial on charges of domestic violence stalking against his ex-lover. Besides common stalking behaviors like showing up constantly at her house, tracking her whereabouts, and incessantly calling her wherever she went, Officer Matthew Raymond also specifically used his legal privileges as a police officer to intimidate her and facilitate the stalking. After she moved out and went to live in another town to get away from him, he parked his marked police cruiser outside her house at least 68 times within a two-month period. He also used his police car, and his legal powers of detention and arrest, to force her to pull her car over so that he could ask her to come back to him.
Edit, April 2021. Item #15 involved an officer in Bakersfield, California who had recently been arrested on misdemeanor charges due to allegations that he groped a woman while he was in uniform and on duty. I have since learned that the charges were later dismissed. The source that I relied on at the time for story, the Bakersfield Californian, later retracted its stories about the case. It is important to me to be accurate; I got this one wrong, and I would not depend on or repeat the story of this incident anymore. –RG.
16. State Trooper Derek S. Snavely, West Virginia State Police, Jefferson West Virginia.
Last November, State Trooper Derek S. Snavely pulled a woman on a chickenshit traffic stop (the claim is that she was driving left of the center line). He used the threat of a bogus DUI arrest (which would have cost the woman her job) and getting her car towed to detain her, force her to kiss him and unbutton her blouse, and then take him back to her house, where he repeatedly raped her. The story's in the news now because his victim recently filed a civil-rights lawsuit after State Police Internally Investigated the Incident and the government prosecutor decided — in spite of records from home surveillance cameras and text messages sent by Trooper Derek S. Snavely to his victim's cell phone — not to press any criminal charges.
17. Unnamed officer. Dunbar Police Department, Dunbar, West Virginia.
A woman in her 20s has come forward, through a public statement from her lawyer, with allegations that a police officer working for the Dunbar city government's police force used intimidation and the threat of legal charges to force her to have sex with him, after pulling her over on a routine traffic stop. (She had been caught driving on a suspended license before the stop. The cop threatened her with charges on the traffic violations unless she would have sex with him, and then drove her to a dark remote location, where she was afraid for her safety not to comply.) The city government refuses to confirm whether or not the police force is investigating the report. As it happens, Sergeant R. O. Conley is currently on administrative leave with pay for an indefinite period,
which is to say a mandatory paid vacation, but the city government refuses to say in public whether or not Conley is the cop accused of the rape.
18. Unnamed deputy. Bexar County Sheriff's Office. San Antonio, Texas.
Earlier this month, an unnamed Bexar County sheriff's deputy used his uniform and gun to pull a woman aside while she was walking down the street on the south side of San Antonio. He claimed (falsely) that she had an outstanding warrant for her arrest, and ordered her to get into his patrol car. Then he drove back to her house and then he grabbed her by the neck and forced her to have sex with him. As of the most recent news reports I could find (from about a week ago), the survivor had bruises around her neck, had been hospitalized for her injuries, and was being treated in a hospital psych ward for post-traumatic stress. The deputy, who was caught naked on the survivor's couch by the San Antonio city government's police, claims that
the sexual relationship
was consensual
. So far, the San Antonio city government has filed no charges against the rapist deputy, although his own bosses at the Bexar County government's Sheriff's Office have forced him to take a vacation from his job while he is under investigation.
19. Deputy Donald A. Harder III. Saratoga County Sheriff's Office, Edinburg, New York.
Last week, Deputy Donald A. Harder III, a cop working for the Saratoga County government's Sheriff's office, was released on $25,000 bond after being arrested for forcing sex on a 27-year-old woman in his patrol car while on duty on a patrol car, armed, and in full police uniform. According to the Sheriff's office, his victim believed she had to comply [with his demands for sex] because she was in the vehicle and he was in uniform.
. Before raping women on the Saratoga County government's police force, Deputy Donald Harder was a Marine working for the United States in its invasion and occupation of Iraq.
20. Officer Cleveland Reynolds. Birmingham Police Department, Birmingham, Alabama.
Last month in Alabama, Cleveland Reynolds, a cop working the 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. patrol shift for the Birmingham city government's police force, was arrested for repeatedly raping a 23 year old woman while he was out on duty. Pending the outcome of the trial, Reynolds is being given a paid vacation at taxpayer expense.
21. Officer Perry Young. Birmingham Police Department, Birmingham, Alabama.
Also last month in Alabama, Officer Perry Young, a patrol cop who formerly worked for the Birmingham city government's police force, finally went to jail for forcing a 19-year-old woman to have sex with him while he was on duty, armed, and in uniform, after he used his legal powers to force her into his custody and took her to a remote location to force sex on her.
22. Deputy Jonathan Bleiweiss. Broward Sheriff's Office, Oakland Park, Florida.
In addition to wife-beater Deputy Brian Gillespie, the town of Oakland Park, Florida is also patrolled by serial-rapist Deputy Jonathan Bleiweiss, who repeatedly used his uniform and his legal privileges as a government police officer to target Latino men on routine traffic stops or bike stops, roust them out of their cars or off their bikes, force them to show identification, and then, if he found that they were undocumented immigrants — therefore legally vulnerable easy targets — threw them down against his patrol car, forced them to submit to frisking, grabbed their penises during the search,
propositioned them in Spanish, and then forced them to have sex with him in his patrol car under the threat of being arrested or reported to ICE for imprisonment and deportation. He repeatedly demanded phone numbers after raping the men in his custody, which he would later use to stalk his victims and try to arrange future encounters.
Bleiweiss is known to have assaulted at least eight different undocumented Mexican and Salvadorean immigrants ranging in age from 17 to 30 years old. The Internal Investigation into Bleiweiss's targeting of legally vulnerable men for serial rape began in early April
when the boss of one of the victims approached police with a report — but Deputy Jonathan Bleiweiss was allowed to continue patrolling his regular turf for three more months while under investigation, during which time (beginning April 23) he repeatedly assaulted and later stalked at least one more undocumented Mexican immigrant who he had hunted down while out on patrol. Deputy Jonathan Bleiweiss was finally moved to a desk job and then later suspended without pay in July. His boss, Broward Sheriff Al Lamberti, says they were giving an accused serial rapist on active patrol duty the benefit of the doubt
until they completed their investigation. The case is likely to be difficult for government lawyers to prosecute because Deputy Jonathan Bleiweiss deliberately targeted undocumented Latino immigrants for his serial rapes; his lawyer has already used their undocumented status to smear the victims in court, and given that all of the victims face a standing threat of being arrested, imprisoned, and deported by the United States government's federal immigration cops if they come into contact with the government criminal justice system, [many of the victims have been extremely reluctant to come forward to the government police or to testify in a government court]((http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/broward/sfl-bso-deputy-arrested-sex-abuse,0,1484852.story).
23. Officer Billy Ray White. Louisville Metro Police Department, Louisville Kentucky.
In 2006, serial rapist Officer Billy Ray White, of the Louisville Metro Police Department, was found guilty of raping a woman at gunpoint in front of her 9 month old daughter of threatening to kill her if she reported it, and of using the threat of jail to coerce sex from another woman that he had arrested. The story is in the news again because an appeals court judge recently threw out Billy Ray White's conviction and ordered a new trial, on the grounds (1) that the coerced sexual relationship with a woman he had arrested, conducted under the threat of imprisonment, was in some sense of the word consensual
(?) and so different enough from the forcible rape that the joinder of the cases as impermissibly prejudicial,
and (2) that the trial judge should not have allowed testimony from several women about Officer Billy Ray White's repeated and insistent use of his badge and uniform to stalk and try coerce sex from them after an arrest. According to Honorable government judge Thomas B. Wine, evidence that the Officer Billy Ray White, a heavily-armed, legally-privileged enforcer for the state, while acting in uniform and under color of authority over women under his legal power, was constantly on the prowl to use his uniform in furtherance of his lust,
has little probative value in determining whether or not the man had a propensity to force sex on unwilling women. As a result of the reversal of the conviction, the new trial judge, rather than scheduling a trial date, told the government prosecutor to cut a plea bargain with White; they eventually agreed that this serial-rapist would cop a plea, get sentenced to time served, and get back out on the street.
24. Officer Julian Steele, Cincinnati, Ohio.
In Ohio, Cincinnati city government cop Julian Steele falsely arrested and imprisoned a teenage boy while investigating a robbery. Then he used this bogus imprisonment to force the boy's mother to have sex with him in order to get her boy released from jail. Remarkably, the county government is actually calling this exactly what it is by charging Steele with 10 felony counts including abduction, extortion, sexual battery and rape.
25. Officer Jesus Sanchez and the Lorain Police Department. Lorain, Ohio.
A woman named Sarah Long recently came forward with a lawsuit against the city government governing Lorain, Ohio after the city government and its hired police department repeatedly ignored complaints that Officer Jesus Sanchez, a 28-year veteran
cop working for their police force, repeatedly forced kisses on her, groped her, stalked her, made phone calls every day threatening her safety, and used the power of his badge and his legal privileges as a police officer to force her to pull over her car and deal with him 15 to 20 times. When Long complained about this pattern of harassment and the use of legal power to facilitate sexual violence, nothing happened; when she finally forced the issue by talking to the federal government's Department of Justice and filing a civil lawsuit, Sanchez was charged with menacing by stalking.
After he was convicted, the penalty for singling out a woman for unwanted sexual contact, imprisoning her in her own home, and using police powers to make her constantly afraid for her safety was 60 days in jail. During his trial, Sanchez's defense lawyer said that he had been disciplined … by Lorain police years ago
for his stalking and sexual coercion — purely administrative discipline
which, of course, resulted in no legal consequences whatosever for Sanchez for six years, until the lawsuit forced the issue. Sanchez was allowed to retire from the police force after his trial in spite of his conviction. The story is in the news again because Sanchez, and fellow retired cop Dennis Davis, recently filed statements in Long's lawsuit stating that pervasive harassment, sexual abuse and rape against women had been well-known and tolerated by the boss cops for years. Sanchez himself stated in his affadavit that I have observed what I believe is a pervasive pattern of sexual misconduct by Lorain police officers committed while they are on duty. The Department persistently ignored these reports. I believed that nothing would happen to me as a result of my sexual advances …. The primary reason I made sexual advances …. while on duty was my knowledge of the City's policy of tolerating such conduct and deliberate indifference toward such conduct by on-duty police officers.
Retired cop Dennis Davis stated in his affadavit that other cops working for the Lorain city government's police force repeatedly forced nonconsensual sexual misconduct
on women while on duty and that It appeared to me that Lorain police officers engaged in this misconduct without receiving meaningful discipline to the best of my knowledge.
Boss cop Cel Rivera admitted that he had handled 30 complaints relating to non-consensual sexual contact involving a police officer and a third-party
since he took the job in 1994. Court documents list numerous other incidents of alleged misconduct by other officers, including stalking, forced sexual encounters, armed threats and other behavior he contends shows a pattern of ignoring misconduct by Lorain police over the years.
26. Officer Timothy Gerek, Jr. Lorain Police Department, Lorain, Ohio.
One of those cops working for the city government in Lorain was Timothy Gerek, Jr., who was indicted in 2002 for beating and then raping his estranged wife in December 2001. Gerek threatened to murder their children if his wife left him or if she called police. When she told government prosecutors that she was too afraid to testify against Officer Timothy Gerek Jr. in court — while he was violating the protection order that required him to stay away from her and her children — the prosecutors decided to offer Gerek a plea-bargain that dropped the rape charge and reduced the domestic violence charge to misdemeanor assault. When Gerek accepted the bargain and plead guilty, this rapist and wife-beater was sentenced to a year of probation and ordered to pay a $500 fine to the county government. Some years later, Gerek tried to pull strings to try to get prior criminal charges expunged from his record, including getting the record of his misdemeanor assault charge from the beating and rape in 2002 sealed. If he had succeeded in getting the record sealed, it would have eliminated the public record of his agreement never to work in law enforcement again.
27. Officer Stanley Marrero. Lorain Police Department. Lorraine, Ohio.
Another cop working for the Lorain city government's police force, who was frequenty mentioned in those complaints was Officer Stanley Marrero, was accused of raping a woman while responding to a call at her home in 1993. Then he was accused of using a routine traffic stop in 1995 to hit on the woman he was detaining, ask her personal questions and get her phone number, which he later called at 4:00 in the morning. The Incident was Internally Investigated and Marrero was exonerated. In 2003, another woman filed a complaint that Officer Stanley Marrero had followed her while on duty and in uniform and asked her personal questions. The Incident was Internally Investigated and he was ordered to leave her alone, with no further consequences. In 2000, when Officer Stanley Marrero was sent out to a woman's house on a domestic violence call in 2000, allegedly to help keep her safe from an abusive husband, he took the opportunity to use his legal powers to order her husband to leave, then, once he had her alone, forced the traumatized domestic violence victim to have sex with him. When the woman filed a complaint with the police department, they Internally Investigated, pressed no charges against Officer Stanley Marrero, and gave him a 3 day suspension. In 2006, Officer Stanley Marrero was finally arrested and sentenced to 60 days in the county jail for public indecency, dereliction of duty, and intimidation of a witness
after forcing sex on two different women while on duty and after forced his way into an acquaintance's neighbor's house under cover of an investigation, exposed himself to her and demanded oral sex from her, and then, after she refused and unleashed her dog to defend herself, threatened her with retaliation and arrest if she told anyone what happened. Officer Stanley Marrero is only now, finally, being investigated for the rape in 1993. When he was finally convicted in 2006, after years of acting with impunity as a stalker and serial rapist under color of legal authority, the judge in the case, Edward Zaleski, said The evidence appears overwhelming. Mr. Marrero, police scare the hell out of me. They sure scare the hell out of most people.
28. Deputy William Hatfield. Pike County Sheriff's Office. Pike County, Kentucky.
In Kentucky, William Bill
Hatfield, a volunteer sheriff's deputy working for the Pike County government's sheriff's office in return for gas money, a gun, and power, used that power to sexually assault a woman he had forced to the side of the road and detained for a routine stop.
29. Officer Dewayne Curtis Hart. Pittsburgh Police Department. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Back in 2007, Dewayne Curtis Hart, a cop working for the Pittsburgh city government's police force, went out on a burglary call at a woman's house; a few minutes after he left, he came back, told the burglary victim that there was a warrant for her arrest on a robbery charge, threatened to arrest her, and then used the threat to forcibly undress and fondle her, then force her to fondle him. The story is in the news again because Officer Dewayne Curtis Hart's trial on the sexual assault charges was recently delayed until October; meanwhile, while the charges are still pending, the Pittsburgh city government's personnel refuses to say whether or not this accused rapist cop is still on the job.
30. Trooper Carlos Torres. Washington State Patrol.
Back in June 2005, a Washington State Trooper named Carlos Torres forced a woman to pull over on the highway on suspicion of drunk driving, placed her under arrest and forced her into his patrol car to give her a blood test, then drove her to a weigh station to be picked up by her fiance. (She wanted her fiance to pick her up at the jail; Trooper Carlos Torres refused, and forced her to go with him to the weigh station.) The whole time he asked her invasive personal questions about oral and anal sex; then, while keeping her locked in the back of his patrol car at the weigh station, he demanded her to undress and forcibly fondled her through the divider in his patrol car. The story is in the news again because Trooper Carlos Torres recently made an unsuccessful attempt to get a custodial sexual misconduct charge thrown out on the grounds that his victim was not in fact being detained
by him while she was locked in the backseat of his patrol car with no ability to open the doors or windows and no way to get out without his permission, after he had already forced her to get into the car against her will.
31. Deputy Police Chief Jody Beaudry, Mulberry Police Department, Mulberry Florida.
Back in 2004, a 40-year-old man Jody Beaudry, a cop working for the Mulberry, Florida city government's police force, used his position as a police officer to threaten to revoke a 16-year-old girl's probation, and used this threat of arrest and jail to force her to have sex with him. By the time he was arrested in 2008, he had been promoted to Deputy Police Chief. The story's in the news because he just recently plead guilty to unlawful sexual activity with a minor
, a crime which may put him in jail for up to
7 years in prison. (The crime that he actually committed, by using the threat of retaliation and his powers of arrest to commit sexual battery, is, under Florida state law, a first-degree felony punishable by up to 30 years in prison.)
32. Patrol Deputy Michael Jared Boulware, Sumter County Sheriff's Office, Wedgefield, South Carolina.
26-year-old Deputy Michael Jared Boulware is out on bond awaiting trial for sexually assaulting a 14 year old girl. According to the government prosecutor, who asked the judge to deny bail, the victim is extremely upset and worried he will locate her.
According to his defense attorney, the fact that Boulware is a former cop is supposed to provide a reason for lowering bond. Actually, I think it's a reason for thinking that he's potentially more dangerous to the victim.
33. Kevin Yuhas, Streator Police Department, Streator, Illinois.
Earlier this month, Kevin Yuhas, a 42-year-old 911 dispatcher working for the Streator, Illinois city government's police force, was arrested in Wisconsin for inviting a 14-year-old boy into his home, plying the boy with 10 to 15 shots of hard liquor, and then raping him. Yuhas admits that he invited the boy over and got him drunk, but can't remember anything that came after.
34. Officer James Stackhouse. Nashville Metro Police Department. Nashville, Tennessee.
Earlier this month, Officer James Stackhouse, a cop working for the Nashville local government's Metro Police Department, was forced out of his job as a result of an ongoing investigation into allegations that he had an inappropriate sexual relationship
with a 12-year-old girl in Clay County.
35. Donald Silcott. Jacksonville Sheriff's Office. Jacksonville, Florida.
Earlier this month, veteran police officer
Donald Silcott, an evidence technician
working for the county government's Sheriff's office was arrested for sexually assaulting a teenage girl in his home. The victim was taken to the hospital after she was found crying on a doorstep holding a photo of Silcott and a note with his name, address, and the date of the incident. The girl, apparently distraught and terrified, hid in the bushes and asked the woman who found her to dial 911 so she could be taken to the hospital. According to the arrest report, they performed a rape kit and recovered DNA evidence at the hospital.
36. Officer Aaron L. Jones. Harrington Police Department, Harrington, Delaware.
Aaron L. Jones, a 40-year-old cop working for the Harrington city government's police force, was arrested earlier this month for having sex with a minor female who was staying in his home. Jones was released on a $2,500 unsecured bond and the government police have put him on a paid vacation from his job while they investigate the charges.
37. Officer Todd Spikes. Florala, Alabama Police Department. Florala, Alabama.
After driving to Flagler Beach for what he thought was a meet-up for sex with a 13 year old girl he met on the Internet, Officer Todd Spikes, a cop working for the Florala, Alabama city government's police force was exposed as a sexual predator on national television and arrested in December 2006. The case is in the news again because government prosecutors recently offered their former colleague Todd Spikes a plea bargain which would give him probation with no prison time. Spikes turned the offer down, because it would have required him to register as a sex offender.
38. Officer Todd Lengsfield, Newnan Police Deartment, Newnan, Georgia.
Earlier this month, Officer Todd Lengsfield, a 34-year-old cop working for the Newnan, Georgia city government's police force, was arrested for having sex with a 15-year-old girl. His bosses were tipped off by inappropriate
contact with the girl using a government-issued cell phone. A blogger at eXaminer.com claims that the story is a reason why Parents have to be careful with children and technology.
Actually, it sounds to me like a reason parents and children have to be careful around cops.
39. Officer Luke Morrison, Henderson Police Department, Henderson, Nevada.
You may remember Officer Luke Morrison of Henderson, Nevada for the time when he shot and killed a distraught Albanian ice-cream truck driver after she had already been knocked to the ground with a taser. Before lighting up Deshira Selimaj for the Henderson city government's police force, Officer Luke Morrison was a former soldier who fought in the United States government's army's war and occupation in Iraq. Anyway, it turns out that when Officer Luke Morrison is not busy gunning down middle-aged women with no legal consequences, he also enjoys sleeping with 15 year old girls. Commenter lv2gen
on the Las Vegas Sun website wants us to know that A few bad apples don't mean every cop is dirty.
40. Officer Nathan Amosa. Hurricane Police Department, Hurricane, Utah.
Last year, Officer Nathan Amosa, a cop working for the Hurricane, Utah city government's police force, responded to a call from a distraught mother and went to her house, allegedly to help her find her missing child, who had wandered away. Instead, he threatened to cite her for child neglect and have the government take her child away from her unless she would have sex with him. The victim says that she felt she had to do what he demanded because of the threat against her child and because Officer Nathan Amosa was in uniform and had a gun.
After raping her, Officer Nathan Amosa later went on to intimidate his victim at a local grocery store. This rape is dignified by the news media as an on-duty sex episode
; the story is in the news again because the government prosecutor and government judge agreed to let Officer Nathan Amosa — who had been charged with forcible sodomy and two counts of forcible sex abuse — plead no-contest to a charge of custodial sexual relations,
, for which he will spend 60 days in county jail and get three years' probation. According to the government prosecutor, this confessed rapist will get only 60 days in jail (and, because custodial sexual relations
convictions don't require it, will not be required to register as a sex offender) because he is a cop and (therefore?) because he believes that it would have been difficult to prove the victim did not consent
. During sentencing, the government prosecutor told the government judge that If this was anyone other than a police officer, we would not even be here
. No doubt. Over at the Deseret News website, a commenter going by Cops
wants us to know that There's a lot of great cops out there and just a few high-profile incidents like this that can give them all a bad name.
41. Officer Anthony Rollins. Anchorage Police Department, Anchorage, Alaska.
Last month in Alaska, Officer Anthony Rollins, a 13 year veteran
of the Anchorage city government's police force was arrested on 10 charges of sexual assault for raping at least 6 women that he encountered while on patrol and lured into his police car, from March 2006 to April 2009. This serial rapist, who repeatedly used the power of his uniform and his legal privileges to force sex on unwilling women (including at least one rape committed at a police substation) was finally arrested after a local anti-rape group approached the police department in April, and during the investigation five more women came forward to report sexual assaults. The investigation is ongoing and more survivors may yet come forward. Meanwhile, although unwilling Anchorage taxpayers were forced to pay Anthony Rollins over $142,892 last year for his unrequested services as a patrol officer, and were forced to pay him $78,668 this year prior to his arrest, and have been forced to pay him and his wife (who also works for the city government's police department) over $1,100,000 over the last five years, this millionaire government cop has been declared indigent
by the government judge handling his trial, so that innocent Alaska taxpayers, including his six victims will be forced to pay for a government-appointed defense lawyer for his trial. Rollins's former boss, Anchorage boss cop Rob Heun, issued an angry statement to the press in which he called Rollins's career as a serial rapist aberrant and detestable.
Well, I certainly agree with him about the latter.
42. Officer Kenneth Moreno and Officer Franklin Mata. New York Police Department. New York, New York.
Last December in New York, a pair of cops working for the city government's police force responded to a 911 call from a cab driver about a woman he had driven home who had gotten sick from being extremely drunk. They showed up around 1:00am, allegedly to help her get home safely; instead they decided to make up a cover about their whereabouts, go back to the apartment, and rape her while she was half-conscious, violently sick, and physically helpless. (Apartment security cameras show them returning to the apartment; Officer Kenneth Moreno was recorded on the phone admitting to the victim that he had sex with her.) NYPD boss cop Ray Kelly — who knew about the case for months before any charges were filed or any allegations made public, and who didn't even suspend the cops accused until the charges hit the newsmedia — claims that The allegations are so egregious here that its imperative that I speak out. This is a shocking aberration in stark contrast to the good work that the members of the New York City Police Department do every day.
Yeah, a huge fucking aberration. Just like all the others.
Back in Anchorage, when a reporter asked him how serial-rapist Anthony Rollins could get away with attacking at least six women while he was out on patrol over a period of three years before the police began an investigation, boss cop Rob Heun responded that there was nothing other police could have done about Rollins because No policy or procedure is going to preclude anybody who wants to break it to do just that … This is a matter of behavior — just like no law will preclude anyone from breaking the law.
Of course it is true that any written law or policy can be broken, but the problem here is not just the laws that are being broken; it's the laws that are being followed, government laws which create an institutional environment of entitled privilege, and which give any male cop who happens to be a sexual predator an arsenal of legally-sanctioned weapons and immense unaccountable power over any woman or man who he wants to place under his power while out on patrol. As I said in December 2007 about a case involving several male patrol cops in San Antonio:
What as at stake here has a lot to do with the individual crimes of three cops, and it's good to know that the police department is taking that very seriously. But while excoriating these three cops for their personal wickedness, this kind of approach also marginalizes and dismisses any attempt at a serious discussion of the institutional context that made these crimes possible — the fact that each of these three men worked out of the same office on the same shift, the way that policing is organized, the internal culture of their own office and of the police department as a whole, and the way that the so-called
criminal justice systemgives cops immense power over, and minimal accountability towards, the people that they are professedly trying to protect. It strains belief to claim that when a rape gang is being run out of one shift at a single police station, there's not something deeply and systematically wrong with that station. If it weren't for the routine power of well-armed cops in uniform, it would have been much harder for Victor Gonzales, Anthony Munoz, or Raymond Ramos to force their victims into theircustodyor to credibly threaten them in order to extort sex. … And if it weren't for the way in which they can all too often rely on buddies in the precinct or elsewhere in the force to back them up, no matter how egregiously violent they may be, it would have been much harder for any of them to believe that they were entitled to, or could get away with, sexually torturing women while on patrol, while in full uniform, using their coercive power as cops.A serious effort to respond to these crimes doesn't just require individual blame or personal accountability …. It also requires a demand for fundamental institutional and legal reform. If police serve a valuable social function, then they can serve it without paramilitary forms of organization, without special legal privileges to order peaceful people around and force innocent people into
custody,and without government entitlements to use all kinds of violence without any accountability to their victims. What we have now is not civil policing, but rather a bunch of heavily armed, violently macho, institutionally privileged gangsters in blue.
See also:
- GT 2009-07-31: The Police Beat (on rapist-on-patrol Officer Feliciano Sanchez)
- GT 2009-06-11: The Police Beat (on rapist-on-patrol Officer Thomas Tolstoy)
- GT 2009-05-14: Rapists on Patrol (#3). Officer Gary Pignato. Greece, New York.
- GT 2008-03-10: Rapists on Patrol (#2). Officer David Alex Park, Irvine, California.
- GT 2007-12-21: Rapists on patrol. Officers Victor Hugo Gonzalez, Michael Anthony Munoz and Raymond Ramos, San Antonio, Texas.
- GT 2009-04-19: Men in Uniform (#3). Los Angeles, California.
- GT 2007-12-02: Men in Uniform
- GT 2008-02-26: Cops are here to protect you. (#2)


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What do interior designers do?
Interior designers do much more than pick complementary paint colors and choose matching furniture — although those tasks are important parts of the job. Unlike decorators, interior designers usually have an associate of science degree or certificate of achievement in interior design from an accredited program. They're trained in drafting, lighting and computer aided design (CAD), and are experts in room-specific design and residential space planning. Interior designers use these skills to plan and design safe, highly functional and beautiful interior spaces, from kitchens and bathrooms to family rooms and bedrooms. They determine space requirements, work within building codes and inspection regulations, and meet accessibility standards. An interior designer's day-to-day job includes creative and technical tasks, both of which often require great communication skills:
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What's the difference between an interior designer and an interior decorator?
Interior designers operate more on the architectural side of building projects. In conjunction with architects, they work on the design of a building or home to best suit the needs of the users or residents. Interior designers are generally experienced in construction and understand how architectural planning works, according to NewSchool of Architecture & Design. And some interior designers will perform the duties of an interior decorator.
Interior decorators, on the other hand, work with fabrics, accessories, furniture, art, colors, textures and materials to make the inside look fashionable and pleasant.
How much do interior designers charge?
You can hire an interior design for a job as basic as a one-room consultation or as complex as supervising the design of an entire new home, helping with space planning, choosing color palettes, and shopping for furniture, flooring and artwork. The size and scope of the job will determine how much an interior designer charges; the average national cost for an interior designer ranges from $75 to $100 or more per hour. Other cost factors include the person's reputation — interior designers to the stars are usually more expensive — and region. Most interior designers charge an average of $100-$225 for an initial consultation, but some will charge an hourly rate, usually starting at an average of $50, for larger projects that require extensive consultations. Hourly rates may be available for smaller projects, such as redecorating a living room or staging a home for sale; for instance, shopping and consulting can cost an average of $75 to $100 per hour, while staging costs and average $95 per hour. For many homeowners, a percentage of an interior designer's cost is recouped through the professional discounts they receive from their vendors.
How do you choose an interior designer?
Choosing an interior designer is all about finding one whose signature style fits well with your tastes and who can work within your budget. To choose the right professional for your interior design project, ask yourself these five questions:
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Because an interior design project is highly collaborative and based on hard-to-define personal preferences, it's most important to choose a designer who communicates clearly and listens closely to you.
How do you find a good interior designer?
For many homeowners, the difference between a good interior designer and a bad one is simply a matter of taste — but all good designers have similar skill sets. Interior designers usually have a degree or certificate in interior design, with training in design principles and lighting, drafting, and computer aided design (CAD) software. Good interior designers have strong color balancing skills and understand how different colors influence spatial perception and moods. They know the building and electrical codes in the areas where they practice, and they make sure that any contractors they hire also work to those codes. They are knowledgeable about different upholstery fabrics and draperies, stay ahead of residential design trends, and maintain their own individual creativity. Also, good interior designers have excellent space designing skills, so they can arrange a space efficiently and with ideal traffic flow. Ultimately, hiring a good interior designer means pinpointing one whose signature style is complementary to your personal style — so checking out many designers' portfolios is a must — and whose communication methods match yours.


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December 22, 2021
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December 22, 2021
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Consider these 10 ideas for New Year decoration
Here are some ideas for New Year decoration, that serve as a framework to ensure you will have an unprecedented party to welcome the New Year.
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The Benefits of Junk Car Removal and Car Recycling: Turning Clunkers into Cash and Sustainability In Verdun
When you think of Scrap car In Verdun, you might envision rusty old vehicles taking up space in driveways or abandoned in forgotten corners. However, those clunkers hold hidden potential for both your wallet and the environment. In this blog, we'll explore the benefits of junk car removal and the process of car recycling. From turning your unwanted car into cash to promoting sustainability, let's dive into the advantages of responsibly disposing of your old vehicles.
- Extra Cash in Your Pocket: One of the primary benefits of junk car removal is the opportunity to earn extra cash. Your old car, despite gathering dust, Scrap car In Verdun can actually be valuable. By selling it to a reputable junk car removal service, you can receive a fair price based on its condition, make, model, and market demand. This cash infusion can be used for a variety of purposes, such as paying bills, funding a vacation, or even investing in a new vehicle.
- Free Up Valuable Space: Scrap car In Verdun allows you to free up valuable space on your property. Instead of cluttering your driveway, garage, or yard with an unused vehicle, you can reclaim that space for other purposes. Junk car removal helps you create a functional outdoor living area or expand your parking space. It also helps you enjoy a cleaner and more organized environment.
- Environmental Sustainability: Car recycling is an essential aspect of junk car removal. Instead of allowing your old vehicle to contribute to environmental pollution, recycling helps minimize the ecological impact. When a car is Scrap car In Verdun, valuable materials and components are salvaged and reused. Recycling also prevents harmful substances like oil, coolant, and battery acid from polluting the ground and water, which protects the environment and promotes sustainability.
- Conservation of Resources: Car manufacturing requires significant amounts of resources, including metal, plastic, and energy. By recycling your Scrap car In Verdun, you contribute to the conservation of these valuable resources. Recycled materials can be used to make new vehicles, which reduce the need for raw materials and the energy-intensive process of extracting and manufacturing them. This conservation helps preserve natural resources and reduces the ecological footprint associated with car production.
- Reduction of Landfill Waste: Scrap car In Verdun that end up in landfills take up substantial space and contribute to pollution. Many car components are not biodegradable and can contaminate the soil and groundwater over time. By opting for junk car removal and recycling, you actively participate in reducing landfill waste. The salvaged materials are repurposed, preventing unnecessary landfill usage and minimizing the environmental burden.
- Compliance with Legal and Ethical Standards: In many jurisdictions, it is a legal requirement to properly dispose of old vehicles. By choosing a licensed and reputable junk car removal service, you ensure compliance with the regulations governing the handling and disposal of vehicles. It's important to partner with a company that follows environmentally responsible practices, safeguarding you from potential legal consequences and aligning with ethical standards.
Conclusion: Junk car removal and car recycling offer numerous benefits that go beyond simply getting rid of Scrap car In Verdun. From the financial gain of earning cash to the environmental advantages of sustainability and resource conservation, the advantages are clear. By responsibly disposing of your junk car, you can contribute to a cleaner environment, conserve valuable resources, and promote a more sustainable future. Turn your old car into cash and help create a greener world by using junk car removal and recycling.
Why Choose Montreal Auto Recycling?
For Scrap car In Verdun
How It Works
Contact Montreal Auto Recycling Today! Scrap car In Verdun
Call us at (514) 613-5005 or fill out our online form to request a free quote. Don't let your old vehicle go to waste – recycle it with Montreal Auto Recycling!
Ready to get rid of your old car and contribute to a greener future? Contact Montreal Auto Recycling today! We're here to provide you with a seamless and responsible auto recycling experience. Let's work together to make a positive impact on our environment while putting cash in your pocket.


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King James Version
2Kings 18
1 Now it came to pass in the third year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Hezekiah the son of Ahaz king of Judah began to reign.
2 Twenty and five years old was he when he began to reign; and he reigned twenty and nine years in Jerusalem. His mother's name also was Abi, the daughter of Zachariah.
3 And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD, according to all that David his father did.
4 He removed the high places, and brake the images, and cut down the groves, and brake in pieces the brasen serpent that Moses had made: for unto those days the children of Israel did burn incense to it: and he called it Nehushtan.
5 He trusted in the LORD God of Israel; so that after him was none like him among all the kings of Judah, nor any that were before him.
6 For he clave to the LORD, and departed not from following him, but kept his commandments, which the LORD commanded Moses.
7 And the LORD was with him; and he prospered whithersoever he went forth: and he rebelled against the king of Assyria, and served him not.
8 He smote the Philistines, even unto Gaza, and the borders thereof, from the tower of the watchmen to the fenced city.
9 And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and besieged it.
10 And at the end of three years they took it: even in the sixth year of Hezekiah, that is the ninth year of Hoshea king of Israel, Samaria was taken.
11 And the king of Assyria did carry away Israel unto Assyria, and put them in Halah and in Habor by the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes:
12 Because they obeyed not the voice of the LORD their God, but transgressed his covenant, and all that Moses the servant of the LORD commanded, and would not hear them, nor do them.
13 Now in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah did Sennacherib king of Assyria come up against all the fenced cities of Judah, and took them.
14 And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Assyria to Lachish, saying, I have offended; return from me: that which thou puttest on me will I bear. And the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold.
15 And Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found in the house of the LORD, and in the treasures of the king's house.
16 At that time did Hezekiah cut off the gold from the doors of the temple of the LORD, and from the pillars which Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid, and gave it to the king of Assyria.
17 And the king of Assyria sent Tartan and Rabsaris and Rabshakeh from Lachish to king Hezekiah with a great host against Jerusalem. And they went up and came to Jerusalem. And when they were come up, they came and stood by the conduit of the upper pool, which is in the highway of the fuller's field.
18 And when they had called to the king, there came out to them Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder.
19 And Rabshakeh said unto them, Speak ye now to Hezekiah, Thus saith the great king, the king of Assyria, What confidence is this wherein thou trustest?
20 Thou sayest, (but they are but vain words,) I have counsel and strength for the war. Now on whom dost thou trust, that thou rebellest against me?
21 Now, behold, thou trustest upon the staff of this bruised reed, even upon Egypt, on which if a man lean, it will go into his hand, and pierce it: so is Pharaoh king of Egypt unto all that trust on him.
22 But if ye say unto me, We trust in the LORD our God: is not that he, whose high places and whose altars Hezekiah hath taken away, and hath said to Judah and Jerusalem, Ye shall worship before this altar in Jerusalem?
23 Now therefore, I pray thee, give pledges to my lord the king of Assyria, and I will deliver thee two thousand horses, if thou be able on thy part to set riders upon them.
24 How then wilt thou turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master's servants, and put thy trust on Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?
25 Am I now come up without the LORD against this place to destroy it? The LORD said to me, Go up against this land, and destroy it.
26 Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebna, and Joah, unto Rabshakeh, Speak, I pray thee, to thy servants in the Syrian language; for we understand it: and talk not with us in the Jews' language in the ears of the people that are on the wall.
27 But Rabshakeh said unto them, Hath my master sent me to thy master, and to thee, to speak these words? hath he not sent me to the men which sit on the wall, that they may eat their own dung, and drink their own piss with you?
28 Then Rabshakeh stood and cried with a loud voice in the Jews' language, and spake, saying, Hear the word of the great king, the king of Assyria:
29 Thus saith the king, Let not Hezekiah deceive you: for he shall not be able to deliver you out of his hand:
30 Neither let Hezekiah make you trust in the LORD, saying, The LORD will surely deliver us, and this city shall not be delivered into the hand of the king of Assyria.
31 Hearken not to Hezekiah: for thus saith the king of Assyria, Make an agreement with me by a present, and come out to me, and then eat ye every man of his own vine, and every one of his fig tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his cistern:
32 Until I come and take you away to a land like your own land, a land of corn and wine, a land of bread and vineyards, a land of oil olive and of honey, that ye may live, and not die: and hearken not unto Hezekiah, when he persuadeth you, saying, The LORD will deliver us.
33 Hath any of the gods of the nations delivered at all his land out of the hand of the king of Assyria?
34 Where are the gods of Hamath, and of Arpad? where are the gods of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivah? have they delivered Samaria out of mine hand?
35 Who are they among all the gods of the countries, that have delivered their country out of mine hand, that the LORD should deliver Jerusalem out of mine hand?
36 But the people held their peace, and answered him not a word: for the king's commandment was, saying, Answer him not.
37 Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rabshakeh.


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Our policy on privacy is straightforward. In short, any information that you submit to us will remain absolutely private. Also, our website is a private, copyrighted site and intended solely for personal use. If you're interested in the lawyerly details, read on.
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Information about you can be categorized as (a) personally identifiable information, or (b) non-personally identifiable information. "Personally identifiable information" is information that we collect from you such as your name, postal address, telephone number, fax number and email address. "Non-personally identifiable information" is information that we collect from you that does not include your name or any information that would allow us to contact you.
How We Use and Disclose Information
Some of the ways in which we use your personally identifiable information may include using it to fulfill your orders, to provide you with information that you may request and to customize your web site experience. If, at the point where you give us personally identifiable information, a box is checked indicating that you would like to receive information about special offers and promotions, then Hunter Douglas will also use such personally identifiable information to send you information that we believe might be of interest to you. It is important for you to understand that we use contractors (e.g., delivery services) to help us operate our business. We generally require that contractors not disclose personally identifiable information or use it other than as necessary to perform their services for us. Because we care about your privacy, we will not give your personally identifiable information to other marketers or retailers for them to use to contact you about offers or promotions of their own (other than, of course, in connection with the sale of our business) unless a box is checked indicating that we may do so at the point where you give us such personally identifiable information. As a responsible company, we believe obeying the law is important. Therefore, we may disclose personally identifiable information in order to comply with a subpoena or court order or when we are required to do so by law. We may also disclose personally identifiable information in cooperation with a law enforcement or government request. It is important for you to understand that the above policies and restrictions do not apply to our use or disclosure of your non-personally identifiable information. We may freely use and disclose non-personally identifiable information for many purposes and on many occasions. Examples of how we use and disclose non-personally identifiable information include measuring and analyzing site usage, system administration, improving our site and providing it to third party consultants, clients, advertisers, vendors and researchers.
How We Collect Information
We collect personally identifiable information from you by "active" means, in other words, when you actively give us the information. Examples of this include when you order products, fill out online site registration forms, request that we send you information, newsletters or catalogs, or respond to our surveys or other requests for visitor responses. Like many other commercial web sites, we collect non-personally identifiable information from you by "passive" means, in other words, by tracking your use of the site, often through the use of cookies. That information includes, among other things, the type of computer operating system and net browser that are being used and the domain name of your Internet service provider, as well as some of the information described below. This information helps us to interact with visitors to our site.
Protecting your order information is important to us. We use the industry standard Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) technology to protect the security of your online order information. SSL encryption is a method by which information is encrypted while being transmitted over the Internet. To check the security of your connection, look at the lower left-hand corner of your browser window after accessing the server. If you see an unbroken key or a closed lock (depending on your browser), then SSL is active. You can also double-check by looking at the URL line of your browser. When accessing a secure server, the first characters of the site address should change from "http" to "https." Some versions of browsers and some firewalls don't permit communication through secure servers. In that case, you won't be able to connect to the server and therefore won't be able to place an order through an insecure connection. While no method is completely impenetrable, SSL is the state-of-the-art encryption technology used in e-commerce today. Unfortunately, no data transmission over the Internet can be guaranteed to be 100% secure. As a result, while we are committed to protecting your personal information, we cannot entirely ensure or warrant the security of any information you transmit to us.
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By using this site, you indicate your agreement to this Privacy Policy. If you do not agree with this Privacy Policy then do not use this site. Your continued use of this site following any changes to this privacy policy constitutes your acceptance of such changes.


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What we offer... that big-box discount stores probably don't!
Exceptional Selection
While "big-box" stores carry some flooring, we have an enormous selection of products presenting high style and originality. When you allow us to assist you with new floors, your rooms won't look like everyone else's. They'll be a special, beautiful reflection of you and your family.
Personal Attention
We give superb service and zero in on the details that matter to you. At our store, we take time to listen, so we get to know your needs and desires. Even better, we truly care about fulfilling them.
Responsive, Highly Trained Sales Staff
Come on in—you'll never have to stand around hoping to be helped. Our sales representatives are ready and waiting. They really know our products, and they can guide you every step of the way. They're dedicated to working with you until, together, you find the floor that's exactly right for your space.
Outstanding Product Quality
Our products are made to last, and we buy from the best, most trusted manufacturers. You may pay a bit more to begin with—compared to big discount stores—but the lasting beauty, style, and durability of flooring from our company makes it worthwhile in the long run.
We buy from manufacturers that are environmentally focused, and many of our products are eco-friendly. Some of them are created using sustainable or managed resources, some have recycled content, and some are made to be recycled back into beautiful flooring products once again. Just ask us about all these earth-friendly options.
Expert Installation
Every home is different, and often problems are encountered when floors are installed. No worries! Our experts have seen it all, and they know exactly what to do to give top-notch installation results.
Complete Satisfaction
We're great with follow-through! From start to finish, your happiness is our goal. We'll work tirelessly to help you, furnishing information and assistance during the selection process, then providing skilled installation ... all with the warmth and friendliness only a smaller store can offer. The result? Floors you'll love for a long time. And maybe some new friends.


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KAWASAKI ZX-6R (600) (2000 – 2003) PPF Cutting Template
Download KAWASAKI ZX-6R (600) (2000 – 2003) PPF Cutting Template
ZIP File Compatibility CDR- SVG- DXF-EPS-AI-PLT txt File Formats.
PPF for vehicles are a fast-growing trend in customizing vehicles.
Download Motorcycle KAWASAKI ZX-6R (600) (2000 – 2003) PPF Cutting Template
Purchased a vehicle and concerned about discoloration and scratching? Or are you considering placing advertisements on your car and want the paint to serve as a reflective background? The solution is to choose Motorcycle PPF coating for your vehicle at a mobile skin. As its name suggests, its primary function is to prevent the paint's surface from degrading while providing a smooth, glossy finish. It is a translucent polyurethane-based substance that can regenerate if the top layer is scratched.
- Available in CDR, DXF, SVG, AI, EPS, PLT file formats.
- You can convert our formats (CDR, DXF, SVG, AI, EPS, PLT) to all other vector format types (….). Just use this online tool to convert: Click here
Is PPF (Paint Protective Film) the same as vinyl?
There appears to be a considerable misunderstanding between Paint Protection Film and Vinyl Wrap (color-changing wraps, wrap). Vinyl Wraps are utilized to alter the visual appeal of a vehicle. Ready to use pdf Vinyl Wrap is typically used to change the car's color or add additional graphics without repainting the vehicle. Vinyl Wraps are very customizable but significantly thinner than the clear bra.
PPF is significantly thicker and heavier than the vinyl wrap. Vinyl Motorcycle PPF Wrap is a lightweight material that is considerably easier to install. PPF, on the other hand, is often transparent, far thicker, and self-heals when scratched. Paint Protection Film is intended to safeguard the original finish. Consider a vast screen protector for your automobile. It does not improve the car's appearance. In recent years, however, PPF manufacturers have begun to offer "fashion PPF" coatings that transform the color of your vehicle into a matte or satin finish, carbon fiber finishes, and colorful finishes.
How to use paint protection film
One of the best ways to preserve your protective layer is to wash your automobile with a mild soap that will not remove any wax or sealer you may have previously applied. This sort of substance should only be removed from your paintwork when it requires repair owing to damage caused by flying debris, such as gravel or rocks, thrown up while travel on unpaved roads. In some cases, certain varieties of PPF can also be applied over freshly painted surfaces, so if you went above and above to ensure that every inch of your vehicle was painted, verify with your installer before applying this product.
Advantages of armobileskin's Paint Protection Film
Consider the following advantages if you're considering investing in auto paint protection to keep your car's paintwork in pristine condition.
1- Prolonged Protection
Depending on driving circumstances, wear and tear, and maintenance, most high-quality car protection films can withstand five to seven years of continuous usage. Before making a purchase, conduct extensive research on the types of movies and materials available on the market and select qualified and suitably educated personnel to install them on your automobile.
2- Simple to Remove
Another advantage of paint protection film for automobiles is that it is simple to remove and leaves no residue, unlike conventional paint jobs. As a result, it is essential to contact professionals to remove it, as doing so ensures minimal to nearly no harm to the vehicle's paint. If you intend to sell your car in the future, the simple removal of the film reveals a flawless paint finish.
3- Chemical Protection of the Highest Standard
Paint protective films protect against chemicals, corrosion, and other harmful contaminants. In addition, they enhance stain resistance and decrease stone chip-related paint damage. Numerous modern PPF coatings provide UV protection to shield your car's base and clear coats from sun damage caused by prolonged exposure.
4- Improved Finish
With its high-gloss durability, PPF delivers a glossy, sleek, and enhanced appearance for your automobile. The paint protection film is a self-healing polymer that combats dents and scratches produced by rocks or fading paint due to excessive sun exposure. It will give your automobile a bright, attractive appearance.
Harmful elements of Paint Protection Film
PPF coating has some outstanding advantages. However, it is only suggested for some. Before accepting your call, you should consider the following disadvantages.
1- High Price
Installing paint protection film is an expensive operation, the cost of which mainly depends on the quality of the material, the reputation of the installers, and the quantity of vehicle surface you wish to cover. Owners of premium vehicles who intend to resell them in the future usually hold this opinion.
2- Prone to Damage
PPF films protect the exterior of your vehicle, but they are not invincible. There is a possibility that your car will deteriorate and require replacement within two to three years if it is subjected to excessive wear and tear. This will increase the price and make the paint more vulnerable to deterioration.
Call to action
The last thing you want to happen is for your investment to fail before you can realize any returns. Therefore, it must be completed by skilled technicians at a reputed dealership, such as armobileskin. By hiring a professional, you will not have to worry about bubbles, dust, and filth underneath your newly applied PPF covering. . kindly Contact our specialists at armobileskin.com for additional information and price information.
PPF is a beautiful technique to keep your vehicle appearing new and clean. However, the decision to get it done depends on several criteria, such as cost, the skill of the installers, and your long-term plan for reselling your vehicle. It can also be applied to the vehicle's exterior to protect it from dirt, stains, and stone chips or solely to the parts where the paint has worn away to restore its luster before deciding whether paint protection film is necessary for your vehicle.
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