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This is TALK OF THE NATION. I'm Celeste Headlee, in Washington, Neal Conan is away. For centuries, the foundation of human society, the basic building block, was the family: parents, children, grandchildren, passing knowledge and wealth down through generations. But all signs seem to indicate that in many parts of the world, the family is on the decline, and singles are on the rise.
By 2050, experts expect there will be two billion people on the planet older than 60, and for the first time in history, seniors will outnumber children 14 and under. So we're wondering if you've seen signs of this in your own neighborhood. Do you see your family or community aging, and what do you think it means? Let us know. Our number is 1-800-989-8255. Our email address is email@example.com, and you can join the conversation at our website. Go to npr.org, and then click on TALK OF THE NATION.
Later in the program, in a bold move one author goes out on a limb to defend the humble cliche. But first Joel Kotkin joins us from member station KPCC in Pasadena, California. He's a presidential fellow in urban futures at Chapman University and the author of the report "The Rise of Post-Familialism: Humanity's Future?" Joel, welcome back to the program.
JOEL KOTKIN: Nice to be here.
HEADLEE: So researchers like yourself call this post-familialism. What exactly does that mean?
KOTKIN: Well, that it really talks about is - you know, in a way it's what you referred to earlier. Family has been the building block of almost every society in the world as far as we can go back, and now we are in a situation where family is sort of beginning to become maybe a choice, certainly not the normative force, certainly not the dominant force in holding society together that it was in the past.
This is happening, obviously, in some places more than others and in different ways. One of the things about our team is it was a very diverse team, people coming from different religions and perspectives. So we really tried to extend our reach as far as we could and to try to see the specifics. But the trend overall is a very powerful one.
HEADLEE: All right, so what is causing it?
KOTKIN: Well, there are many things. It varies in different countries, to a degree. One, some of it is a reflection of some positive trends. The growing prosperity in parts of the world certainly has led people to have different options, not being dependent on family. Certainly another good thing has been the liberation of women and their movement in the university systems and in the professions, which has given them other options.
Another factor seems to be urbanization and densification, in other words people living in more expensive, smaller spaces, therefore not being able to have children or being less likely to have children. Those are three of the major ones. And then there are other factors.
Certainly the relative decline of religion in many countries, you know, they make a joke about in Czechoslovakia, in the Czech Republic, that there are more people who believe in UFOs than believe in God. So I think that you have some factor there. We also see very low birth rates in most of the former communist countries, as well.
HEADLEE: OK, OK. Joel, let's try to unpack a little bit of what you're saying, 'cause you just listed off a huge number of reasons for the decline of the family. You just mentioned the decline of religiosity in many nations, especially the wealthier nations, but you also talked about density, and this is something that your report talks quite a bit about, the fact that places like New York and Chicago and Los Angeles, that we've thought of as huge population centers, in fact the number of seniors is growing as the population ages, and there's not families with children moving in, partially because of the high cost of housing, partially because the schools are bad, right, or perceived to be bad?
KOTKIN: Well, I think that - and in many cases they really are bad, having - being somebody who lives in Los Angeles, I think I can attest to that a bit. But let me put it this way. I think when you have very high-density housing, and it also tends to be very expensive, families are really something that are very difficult to have.
You know, what you'll find is sometimes people will have a baby, their first baby, but when the baby gets to five or six, you know, they start moving around. They need more space. And certainly when you have a second child, it becomes more and more imperative for people to move to places where housing is a little cheaper, and there's a little more space.
Obviously, issues like safety are important, but, you know, many of our cities now, particularly New York City, are much safer than they used to be, Los Angeles, as well. So I think a lot of times it's a cost issue. So when we look at where people...
HEADLEE: Yeah, have you looked at the price of a two- or three-bedroom apartment in Manhattan? I mean, come on.
KOTKIN: Right. Well, I mean, that's why people make that choice. First, they move to Brooklyn. Now, Brooklyn has become the second-most-expensive place.
HEADLEE: Yeah.
KOTKIN: And now they're moving further out into Brooklyn, into Queens. And we have to understand there's also - there is a lot of movement out of these expensive regions by people with kids. So we have this unfortunate situation where somebody who loves urban life and loves being in the city really ends up having to choose between that on one hand and on the other hand having a family.
HEADLEE: All right, we're going to delve a little further into why this is a problem for the world, but first let's talk to Patrice(ph) in Tallahassee, Florida. We're talking about the decline of the family and the relative aging of the population. So Patrice, you see this happening in your own, in your own family, right?
PATRICE: Well, in my circle of friends, I'm about 24 hours old, and when I talk to a lot of my friends, we - a lot of them don't seem to be interested in having kids at all. You know, it's sort of the concept is odd, or they just think oh, well, it's - kids are expensive, and they're going to tie me down, I'm not going to be able to have the lifestyle I want, kind of like the guest is saying.
You know, the cost of having a child is a big deterrent for a lot of people my age. And also, we're kind of trying to - we're trying to see what's going to happen with our futures, taking longer for us to get to the futures we want because...
HEADLEE: In your career, you mean?
PATRICE: Yeah because we have to stay in school longer and, you know, work a little bit longer to get to a point where we're at a stable career and can even consider buying a house, so...
HEADLEE: So you want kids, Patrice?
PATRICE: I'm not sure about that myself.
HEADLEE: There we go, Joel. I don't mean to interrupt you, Patrice, but let me get back to Joel Kotkin here, who's a presidential fellow in urban futures at Chapman University. Patrice is one of the people you're talking about here.
KOTKIN: Yes, and I think that there's a big question. Her generation, the millennials, who really will be shaping our society here in the United States over the next 20 years, certainly they have some attitudes that may lead them not to have children, but also let's talk about another factor, which is economics.
I mean, the United States' birth rate was actually going up for quite a long time before the recession. It was above what we call replacement rate. In other words, that we were replacing ourselves, which is about where you want to be. And I think what we've seen is a precipitous drop in the number of younger people in particular having children, delaying marriage.
Now, those people I look to who have analyzed the millennial population the most still believe that if the economy recovers that their value system will have most of them have children. But, you know, what Patrice is saying is what I hear from my own students at Chapman. Many of the students are saying, well, I'm not sure I'm going to have kids, whereas in my generation and even more so - I'm a boomer - and my parents' generation, having children was pretty much everybody was going to have to children.
HEADLEE: De rigueur, yeah, everybody did that. All right, let's hear from another caller here real quick, Joel, if you don't mind. This is Stan in Honolulu, Hawaii. And Stan, you have your own ideas about why this is happening.
STAN: Well, hi, good morning here.
HEADLEE: Good morning.
STAN: Yeah, I just recently moved from town to outer - outside of Honolulu suburban area, and what I have found is that you have many, many multigenerational homes, with grandparents and great-grandparents and grandkids living together, and they have been living together since the '50s. But all new people moving in and buying homes are either moving from the mainland for retirement purposes or are older with a lot of, well, income just because of the nature of housing prices.
HEADLEE: Right.
STAN: So they neighborhood I'm going in used to a thriving family neighborhood, and the schools and the infrastructure were all for that. And now it's significantly graying, and the school populations are dropping, and you just have a lot less younger people coming to the neighborhood.
HEADLEE: OK, that's - thank you very much. That was Stan calling us from Honolulu, Hawaii. But Joel, why is this really an issue? I mean, the last I checked, we were overpopulated, the globe was overpopulated. We're still expecting to hit 10 billion by 2050, right? So why isn't it a good thing?
KOTKIN: Well, I mean in some senses you could say it's a good thing, but where - in the sense that, you know, maybe - first of all, we don't know exactly where the population is going to go because we're now seeing these trends in developing countries. My colleague who worked on the report, Ali Modarres, found some very interesting data in the Middle East, where some countries actually now have birth rates lower than ours.
So I think that there's - this may become a problem. But here's the real problem. When you have very low fertility rates, it may be OK for a while, but over time your population gets older and older. And as your population gets older and older, as I think Stan was pointing out, what you start to see is, if you will, the ecosystem for families begins to weaken.
You have - the schools begin to close down. The kind of restaurants and facilities you have, the tax system has to change in order to support the older people. So there are a lot of things that happen. But fundamentally, it's not like we can have the population we have now, and that population will be, in terms of age, like it is. It will be very old. You have to start thinking about societies by 2050, where there'll be more people over 80 than under 15.
HEADLEE: That's an incredible statistic. That's really mind-blowing.
KOTKIN: I mean, you already have many societies, like Japan, where there are more people over 60 than under 15. It's just not a pretty picture. So we have to start thinking about how we can at least break this, slow it down and find a way that people can still have families. Not everyone will have families. Lots of people will choose not to have families. I think that trend will continue.
But we have to be able to say how do we support, nurture family formation and people having children, or else we're going to be in an impossible situation, if nothing else fiscally.
HEADLEE: Well, just in the short term, though, I mean we have to take a break in a moment, but I assume that means just in the short term until the population sort of balances out.
KOTKIN: Well, you're going to have to continue to have children. If you don't have children, you just end up in situation where not only do you start having seniors, but you start having the very old being one of the largest parts of society.
HEADLEE: All right, we're talking with Joel Kotkin, he's author of the report "The Rise of Post-Familialism." If you see your family or community aging, we want to know, what difference does it make? Our number is 800-989-8255. Our email address is email@example.com. Stay with us. I'm Celeste Headlee. This is TALK OF THE NATION from NPR News.
HEADLEE: This is TALK OF THE NATION. I'm Celeste Headlee. We're talking with Joel Kotkin, author of a report that looks at the decline of the traditional family unit across the world. The trend of childlessness has been on the rise for decades. East Asia is leading the pack. In 2010, a third of Japanese women in their 30s were single; one in five Japanese women entering their 40s were also single. One sociologist projects that in less than two decades, almost one in three Japanese males may be unmarried by age 50.
So Joel Kotkin, these statistics came straight out of your report "The Rise of Post-Familialism." What is it about East Asia that makes this a particular problem there?
KOTKIN: Well, I think there are several things. One, when we were talking about density, you obviously have very dense, very expensive housing.
HEADLEE: Right, and landlocked in Japan.
KOTKIN: Right, and also a very concentrated system in which really the only part of Japan that's really growing is Tokyo. So if you have any kind of ambition, that's where you go. So you certainly have that. You also have the factor that, and it's sort of an odd thing, but because very few people have children out of wedlock, that option is gone, as well.
So, you know, basically if you make the decision not to get married, you're probably not going to have kids, either. That's certainly a factor. And then these are societies, in many cases, that are not particularly religious, and a lot of the sort of old Confucian morality has really dropped.
I mean, when I started working in China and studying East Asia back 30 years ago, family was at the center of everything. These were Confucianist societies, which were very much based around the family. That has really changed tremendously, mostly in Japan but now in Korea, Taiwan and of course where I work quite a bit, in Singapore.
HEADLEE: Well, we're also wondering how many of you out there are seeing this in your own communities. Right now we have Audrey calling from California, (unintelligible) County - I don't know where that is - in California. Audrey, thanks for joining us.
AUDREY: You're welcome, thank you.
HEADLEE: Are you seeing this in your own family or community?
AUDREY: It's interesting, there's four daughters in my family, all in our late 30s to mid-40s. Only two of us had children; two of us could not. And what we have found is that the two of us without kids are really playing a large role in assisting and raising the children of our siblings, putting money away for college for them. So it's that I didn't - what you were saying before about being expensive, it is expensive in Southern California.
So we're kind of - our family dynamic changed, in that I might not have my own family, meaning my own children, but my role in the family as a whole, you know, from being part of my parents' family and supporting my sisters' has really grown.
HEADLEE: All right, so that sounds kind of positive. That's Audrey. Thank you very much Audrey from California. And we also have Paul with us from Wilmington, North Carolina. And Paul, you have your own ideas about why this might be happening.
PAUL: I do. I feel that we have coddled these people, these young people today, so much that by the time - even when they're in college, they graduate 23, 24 years old, they go back home, they have all their money from their parents. It's like they don't know how to be adults themselves. How are they going to raise a family?
HEADLEE: All right, that's Paul, thank you very much, calling from Wilmington, North Carolina. Go back to you, Joel Kotkin, you helped write this report. You studied this as a distinguished presidential fellow in urban futures at Chapman University. Are either of these people hitting it on the nail there?
KOTKIN: Well, certainly, I think it was Audrey, my Southern California neighbor, who I think touched on something that is very important, which is in this current generation, where we had larger families, there is the aunt and the uncle who play a very important role. What's scary is in much of East Asia, in the United States in the future and in Europe, there are no uncles. There are no aunts.
And so that whole extended family network, which still exists for the current generation, may not exist in the future because obviously in the future, if you have a family where, you know, only one person had children, they only had one, the whole realm of aunts and uncles - in Italy it's now believed that the vast majority of young people in the next generation will have no aunts, no uncles.
HEADLEE: Oh, my gosh.
KOTKIN: So this wonderful support network, which has been part of the family for so long and has played an important role, you can just read any kind of Dickens novel or any novel of, you know, that talks about how things were in the past, uncles, aunts, extended family were important.
HEADLEE: They were important, but they weren't always nice in Dickens, I'll have to point that out.
KOTKIN: No, they certainly weren't always nice, but they were important, and very often they still, you know, provided shelter, got a job. That - and I know this in my own family, my mother comes from a very large, very poor family from Brownsville, Brooklyn, New York, and - but the whole network of aunts, uncles - when I tell my daughters that we used to go to Thanksgiving and have football games between just the cousins, it seems almost unbelievable today.
HEADLEE: Yeah, they can't believe you had enough people. All right, we've got an email from Emily in Johnstown, PA. She writes: I just wanted to comment, I don't think it's a decline of the family. That makes it sound like people don't care about family. Today's families are not mandated by blood or marriage but are families of choice.
While I choose not to have children, my friends, family and co-workers are my family, and I care deeply about them. I don't think that's a lesser family than a family that people bear when having children.
And we also have Scott with us. He's in Garner, Iowa. And Scott, I understand you're actually encouraging your children not to have kids of their own.
SCOTT: Well, I'm not necessarily discouraging them, thank you for your time, but what I'm saying is I'm wondering if during this research the doctor has found that people - I'm 54, and I do already have two grandchildren, but unlike the old school where it was, you know, get married, have children, I am certainly not encouraging my children to get married and have children.
I would say that's just more an overall world environment thing that I'm not telling them, you know, go out there and have a lot of children. I'm just wondering if he's - you know, and call it economics like some of the younger people are talking about is the costs involved. I'm wondering if he's finding that my generation isn't pushing our children to have children. Thank you.
HEADLEE: Thanks, that's Scott in Garner, Iowa. What do you say, Joel Kotkin?
KOTKIN: Well, I think that it depends on the person. I mean, it depends on your culture. It depends on where you came from. But I want to make one very important point, and this is - may be a little bit on the contentious side. Yes, we have our, you know, our Facebook friends and our work friends and our neighbors, and we do care about them.
I guess I can say as a father there is a big difference between having that commitment to children and having your own children. You know, somebody can say, oh, I love children, but you really love your own children. I think Freud was quite perceptive when he said that when we try to equalize our affections to a more universal group, we sort of downgrade and take away from those particular prejudices that we have because...
HEADLEE: Although just to play devil's advocate, I don't mean to interrupt you, Joel, but I imagine a lot of people have the same experience I have. I'm estranged from my family. I didn't have a particularly happy childhood. I imagine that for some people, the family experience is not sunshine and rainbows, and sometimes being able to choose your family is empowerment.
KOTKIN: Well, I think what we really are seeing here is people are making individual choices that are completely legitimate and completely logical for themselves. And so we went out of our way to say we're not making a judgment. We don't think there's something wrong with people not having children or not getting married.
But what we're saying is if you take this as an aggregate, and you look over an entire society, the effects could be quite severe. So, sure, people choose not to have families for lots of reasons, lots of legitimate reasons. We're just saying if we go on this path in the future, we will start to begin to experience the types of things that, for instance, Japan is already feeling.
HEADLEE: A zero-sum game. All right, let's hear here from Karen(ph) in Charlotte, North Carolina. Karen, you say it's too expensive.
KAREN: Yes, I'm 34 years old, and I'm single, never been married, and I pursued a career and got my Ph.D. And it kind of put me out of synch with my peers in terms of where they were at in their career and getting married. And so I wouldn't be able to afford to have a child. And my sister, who does have a child who's five years old, my niece, she'll grow up without any first cousins because her father, his brother also doesn't have kids. So she's not going to have any first cousins.
HEADLEE: That's Karen in Charlotte, North Carolina. Thanks for calling, Karen. We also have this email here from Rudolph in Kansas City, and he says: What it means for me and our two sons is that our two sons have less children in our immediate neighborhood within three-tenths of a mile to play with. That was not my experience growing up.
I found it interesting, though, we're speaking with Joel Kotkin, he's the author of this report, one of the authors of "The Rise of Post-Familialism," and he's a distinguished presidential fellow in urban futures at Chapman University in California. But Joel, one of the things I found interesting is one of your solutions to this is further empowerment of women. Explain this: if it was the empowerment of women, high education, able to make choices about their career, if that's what leading to post-familialism, how do you solve it by empowering them further?
KOTKIN: Well, first of all, you have to understand you can't reverse this trend. This is just - so you have to sort of work with it, and this is particularly true in East Asia where we - where one of the reasons women told us they didn't want to get married is they figured, well, I'm working anyway, and I'm going to get married, and my husband is not going to help raise the kid or do any of the chores. So one of the things we kept saying is, men have got to step up - whether in this country...
HEADLEE: Here, here.
KOTKIN: ...but in East Asia, they tend not to step up at all. And so the burden of having children becomes much worse when your partner doesn't help and so...
HEADLEE: Not to mention the fact that you also point out that having a child increases a woman's chances of being poor. They're paid less. We should also fix income inequality, right, Joel?
KOTKIN: Well, I think we have to increase upward mobility in general, and certainly have more options for women. I think there's also a lot we can do about whether it's male or female, or gay couples for that matter, in terms of having people being able to work at home, have more flexible hours. You know, one of the great culprits here that we identify is modern competitive capitalism which desperately needs human capital but in many ways works in ways to make it very difficult to produce the future human capital because of the demands put on people.
This came out again and again in our interviews in Singapore with very talented young women who - many cases wanted to have children but felt that they could not have them and still have the careers they wanted.
HEADLEE: Well, let's go to Robin here. She's calling from Minneapolis, Minnesota. And, Robin, I understand you're actually, right now, at that time when you have to make the decision to have kids or not.
ROBIN: Yeah. So I am 28 years old, and I have a partner that lives with me. We just bought a four-bedroom house in a suburb that it's in a great school district, and yet, we're choosing not to have children. And our reason for it is that, you know, our society has really been drilling it into us since we were in grade school, that the baby boomers are going to put such a financial stress and weight on the upcoming generations to care for them, that - I mean I remember being in third grade and basically being told by teachers and family members that the responsible thing to do is to prevent that snowball from happening.
So my advice to try to fix this problem would be to go back to that point in our education program and let people know that the effect that we're having is reversing that. And now, the financially responsible thing to do would be to have a generation that can take care of our generation. We don't have to be concerned about the baby boomers weighing us all down. In fact, we all need to step up and do something. That being said, I'm still not going to have kids. I don't want to have (unintelligible).
HEADLEE: I was just about to ask you that, Robin. Are we changing your mind here?
ROBIN: I'm not going to do it. I'm still afraid that if I had kids, all I would be doing is passing the buck along to them, and I wouldn't want that for my offspring.
HEADLEE: All right, that's Robin calling us from Minneapolis. Thank you so much, Robin. So, Joel, isn't this cyclical? Couldn't this just be a cycle? We had the baby boom - at least in the United States - we had the baby boomer generation, and then eventually, we'll go back to another boom.
KOTKIN: Well, I don't think we'll have a baby boom in the same way for lots of reasons, having to do with the - first of all, there was a tremendous amount of pent-up demand. There have been a depression, then a war, and so, you know, it was sort of like, you know, bar the door in 1945, '46 in a way that probably we'll never see again. But I think the key thing may very well be that the millennial generation will have enough children, and they're such a large generation, that they may keep the United States, at least, at a position where our population will still be relatively younger than our competition.
HEADLEE: Yeah.
KOTKIN: That is what we hope. If not, I think we're looking at a not-such-bright future.
HEADLEE: That's right in terms of economics, anyway. You're listening to TALK OF THE NATION from NPR News. So we're talking about post-familialism, the decline of the family as the basis of society. And here we have Bob in Pensacola, Florida. And, Bob - if I can get Bob there. There, I think I got this thing working.
BOB: Yeah, I'm here.
HEADLEE: Bob, you think that perhaps people are afraid of divorce that the family will split apart.
BOB: Yeah. I told your screener is that I'm divorced myself, but I'm a boomer, got married a little later in life. And I had - I have two kids, and they're both millennials. They're both single, and they're both working right now in jobs out in the job market. But, yeah, what I hear from them and from my friends that they're concerned, you know, divorce rate, you know, one in two marriages end in divorce, and all these failures are going to happen to them. I haven't heard you talking about the sky-high divorce rate and just the fear of all of that.
HEADLEE: OK. So there's a question. Thank you very much. That's Bob calling from Pensacola, Florida. And then also we have another question here for you, Joel, that is coming from Matt in Elkhart, Indiana. Matt, you have a question for Joel Kotkin, as well.
MATT: Yeah. Thank you for having me on. I was wondering, you know, I hear a lot about how having children in Europe and other countries in Europe, how they have social, you know, advantages where they might have home health care that's paid for by the government or they have, you know, opportunities where they don't have to take such financial sacrifices to have children. But through his research, do you see, you know, similar declines in birth rates in this country, or is it just a financial burden and a risks that we're asking our population to take on to have kids that's making this decline happen?
HEADLEE: OK. Thanks. That's Matt in Elkhart, Indiana. The answer, Joel?
KOTKIN: Well, I think, first of all, we have, you know, fairly mixed results in Europe. Almost no European country, with the exception perhaps of France, is above the replacement rate, and that's largely a product from what we can see of immigration from people from North Africa, and we don't know how long that will go on. But it's interesting - yeah, there are things that you can do that will improve your fertility rates. Quebec has that as well, you know, where you have, like, daycare that's available at a very low cost. But it doesn't seem that an extensive welfare state is enough to push people into having kids.
You know, in Singapore, they have very nice stipends for people to have kids. And we had a wonderful conversation with a young woman who - we kept saying, how much would it take for you to have a kid, you know? And when we get up to $1 million and she still said, no, we figured we'd better give up.
HEADLEE: Wow.
KOTKIN: I mean, ultimately, the decision to have children has much more to do with the overall economy, the type of housing that's available, and at some level, the culture itself. Are we interested in giving up a lot, because there's no question that having children means giving up a lot of things. The question is, what really matters? What's important? And I just hope that enough people will decide that even though they are pain in the butt, as everyone who has kids knows, they're also...
HEADLEE: Definitely.
KOTKIN: Right. But the - particularly the young. But they are, you know, God's gift. That's all I can say there is no...
HEADLEE: And we'll have to leave it there. That's Joel Kotkin. He's one of the authors of the report, The Rise of Post-Familialism." His next book is called "The Next Hundred Million: America in 2050." And he joined us from member station, KPCC in Pasadena, California. Thank you so much for your time, Joel.
KOTKIN: It is my pleasure.
HEADLEE: After a short break, we'll hear an author sing praise to the cliche. And we want to hear about a cliche that you think is worth repeating. Time will tell. 800-989-8255 is the number to call. You can also send us an email, email@example.com. Stay with us. I'm Celeste Headlee. It's TALK OF THE NATION from NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Many homeowners list with the real estate agent who tells them the highest price. You need to choose an experienced agent with the best marketing plan to sell your home. In the real estate business, an agent with many successfully closed transactions usually costs the same as someone who is inexperienced. That experience could mean a higher price at the negotiating table, selling in less time, and with a minimum amount of hassles.
Buying a home is an emotional decision. Buyers like to "try on" a house and see if it is comfortable for them. It is difficult for them to do if you follow them around pointing out every improvement that you made. Good REALTORS® let the buyers discover the home on their own, pointing out only features they are sure are important to them. Overselling loses many sales. If buyers think they are paying for features that are not particularly important to them personally, they will reject the home in favor of a less expensive home without the features.
Often sellers believe that the first offer received will be one of many to come. There is a tendency to not take it seriously, and to hold out for a higher price. This is especially true if the offer comes in soon after the home is placed on the market. Experienced REALTORS® know that more often than not the first buyer ends up being the best buyer, and many, many sellers have had to accept far less money than the initial offer later in the selling process. Real estate is most saleable early in the marketing period, and the amount buyers are willing to pay diminishes with the length of time a property has been on the market. Many sellers would give anything to find that prospective buyer who made the first, and ONLY, offer.
The contract you sign to sell your property is a complex and legally binding document. An improperly written contract can allow the purchaser to void the sale, or cost you thousands of unnecessary dollars. Have an experienced REALTOR® who knows the "ins and outs" fully explain the contract you are about to sign.
Good marketing opens the door that exposes real estate to the marketplace. It means distinguishing your home from hundreds of others on the market. It also means selling the benefits, as well as the features. The right REALTOR® will employ a wide variety of marketing activities, emphasizing the ones believed to work best for your home.

subset: commoncrawl


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Arranging your appliance repair in the Stretford area couldn't be easier. Our appliance engineers are fully trained and our appliance repairs include call out, diagnosis & labour. Book your appliance repair by Calling Us: 0800 2218896
Appliance Repairs in Stretford from Premier Electrics are easy to book, cost-effective and most importantly flexible to suit you. The most important thing to know is that all our domestic appliance engineers are locally based in Stretford and have local knowledge and can quickly return to you if parts are needed to be ordered or another appliance fault arises even on another appliance.
We are a local established domestic appliance repair company and therefore come with all the usual insurances, guarantees and accreditations that you would expect and may not get from other appliance companies or one man bands. All our domestic appliance engineers in Stretford are all qualified and fully insured. We are now one of UK's leading independent domestic appliance repair specialists. You can book a service call with us safe in the knowledge that all our appliance repairs in Stretford are covered by a 90 day guarantee. Peace of mind!
We can normally get you a domestic appliance engineer by the following day or in some cases the same day in Stretford especially if the repair is an emergency. If you're not in a rush or can only be at home on certain days then just ask us and we will book your desired date. You can decide on an AM or PM appointment so you're not tied to the house all day. Landlords and letting agents in Stretford can if desired arrange to meet the appliance engineer on site or in some cases have the engineer collect the key and drop it back to you. Now that's good service!
We repair nearly every make, model and type of domestic appliance. Versatility!
A full report will be left with you in Stretford by the engineer once the call is complete and this will include any advisories on the condition of the appliance letting you make a more informed decision on whether to repair or replace the appliance if it does break down again. Documentation across the nation!
To book your appliance repair in your local area is easy peasy. Simply call us on 0800 2218896, we will take down your details, book you in and get you up and running in no time. Out of hours please complete the 'Get a Quote' form on the home page, select your appliance, the brand and you can even choose the date of your repair visit and also an AM or PM visit. The choice is yours!
You will be contacted on the day (or sometimes the day before) by your appliance engineer who will give you a more accurate time of their arrival. Have your phone at the ready!


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Help our organization by donating today! All donations go directly to making a difference for our cause.
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Darroze 1972 Gaube Grand Bas Armagnac 43.4% 200ml
Very expressive notes and an amazing combination of different aromas.
At Spirits of France, we take pride in offering the finest range of high-end French spirits and beyond. With over a thousand products to choose from, we're confident you'll find the perfect spirit to indulge in. Our selection includes some of the world's most prestigious and sought-after spirits, including luxurious French brandy such as Armagnac & Cognac. As passionate advocates of French Spirits, we offer an unparalleled collection of Calvados, Rum, Whisky, Eau de Vie, Armagnac, Cognac and more that will tantalize your taste buds. But that's not all, we also feature award-winning Prohibition Gin, Tequila from the heart of Mexico, rare liqueurs, aperitifs, Calvados, Eau de Vie, and exquisite wines from the most unique regions of France. Explore our range today and discover the premium spirit that satisfies your cravings!
Click here to submit a contact form.
7/200 Turner Street, Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
(03) 9646 8022
CLICK & COLLECT Pick up only between 9-5, Monday to Friday. 7/200 Turner Street, Port Melbourne, 3207
Spirits of France is not a physical liquor store. Online shopping only. No walk-ins except for Click & Collect.
This Product is offered and supplied by Spirits of France, [Liquor Licence No.36111485]. Please note, this product cannot be delivered to Dry Zones.Spirits of France supports the Responsible Service of Alcohol. Warning - Under the Liquor Control Reform Act 1998 it is an offence to supply alcohol to a person under the age of 18 years (penalty exceeds $17,000), for a person under the age of 18 years to purchase or receive liquor (penalty exceeds $700).ABN 213 547 831 59


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Payment & Security
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
The Joma Microfiber Towel Pack includes 12 microfiber towels. The towels include microfiber carrying bags.
Product features:
We would love to help outfit your club, school, or team! Please email us at email@example.com or call us at 612-405-4292 for information about bulk pricing and custom printing.
Satisfaction guaranteed. We at Soccer Command stand behind our products and service. If you are not happy with your purchase for any reason, let us know why, and we will make it right.
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Return & Exchange Policy
We are happy to accept returns and exchanges on all non-clearance items (all clearance items prominently state that they are clearance on their product page), unembellished, and in their original condition within 30 days of the purchase date. We are unable to accept returns after 30 days from purchase date. All sales on clearance items are final.
If you wish to return items within 30 days from date of purchase a Return Authorization form is required to be completed by the customer and should accompany any returned items along with an original proof of purchase.
Some large field equipment such as goals must be returned to the manufacturer and NOT Soccer Command. Please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com for detailed instructions on how to complete a return such as this.
All items sold as a set must be returned as a set. For example: a set of warm ups including a jacket and pants must be returned together. If an incentive item such as a gift was included with the purchase, the incentive items must be returned along with the item.
To be eligible for a return and refund, your item must be unused (unworn, not laundered, not customized or embellished) and include proof of purchase. The returned item must also include the original packaging. Items returned in a way inconsistent with this policy are not eligible for a refund.
For certain orders; if a cancellation/refund is requested for a yet to be completed order which contains embellishments, the embellishment charges themselves are not refundable. This is due to costs associated with procuring embellishments themselves, not the items to be embellished. Any yet to be embellished items on the order are fully cancelable/refundable. Once an item has been embellished or customized it ceases to be refundable even if the item has not yet shipped from the facility.
If we made an error in processing your order, or if we sent you a damaged or defective item we will gladly exchange the item and credit you the cost of return shipping. Please report within 72 hours from time of delivery any order shortages, damaged merchandise, or incorrectly shipped items.
If you are shipping a valuable item, we encourage you to consider using a traceable shipping service and purchasing shipping insurance. We won't be held responsible if we don't receive your item or if your item is damaged upon receipt.
Please allow between 1-2 weeks from the time you send exchanges to the time you receive the new item.
Please do not send your purchase back to the manufacturer unless specifically instructed to do so by Soccer Command.
Return shipping costs are not included and are the responsibility of the customer. Shipping charges paid by the customer at time of purchase are non-refundable.
Once your return is received and inspected we will process any eligible refund within 1-3 days. You will receive an email notifying you that we have received your returned item and will notify you of the approval or rejection of any refund.
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If you've done all of this and you still have not received your refund yet, please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Reporting order issues
All order shipments should be inspected upon arrival to verify consistency with what was ordered. Any and all issues with merchandise shipments must be reported within 48 hours of delivery (from UPS, FedEx, USPS, etc.). Soccer Command will work with the customer and/or supplier to remedy issues caused by us. Failure to report shipment shortages, packing errors, missing/damaged items, embellishment errors, or any other problems will result in forfeiture of remedy by Soccer Command.
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We carry only 100% authentic, high quality soccer brands. No bootleg stuff around these parts.
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Pirelli Cinturato P7 (C2) Seal Tyres Available in Ludlow
Cinturato P7 (C2) Seal
The new Cinturato P7 is the latest Pirelli Summer high-performance tyre for premium cars and crossovers with a strong focus on wet performances, mileage and rolling resistance. These features are perfectly balanced, making the new Cinturato the first choice for the best car manufacturers. The new tread pattern design and profile, in addition to the innovative compound materials, guarantees extreme levels of SAFETY, EFFICIENCY, SUSTAINABILITY and TECHNOLOGY. Leading to a reduction in braking distance, fuel consumption, noise emissions and the presence of the latest technological innovations, NEW CINTURATO P7™ is the best choice to always be IN CONTROL of your vehicle.
Tyre Size |
Fully fitted price per tyre
Size 17 Tyres | ||
Pirelli Cinturato P7 (C2) Seal 215/55R17 94V
Size 18 Tyres | ||
Pirelli Cinturato P7 (C2) Seal 245/45R18 96W


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Home I Prospective Students I Current Students I Community Members I Employees I Media I About Cedar Valley College I Athletics |
Comments or technical problems to: Webmaster. Please read our Disclaimer, and Privacy and Security commitment. Educational opportunities are offered by the Dallas County Community College District without regard to race, color, age, national origin, religion, sex, or disability. |


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This page should include a note on variable lifecycle:
Before a variable is used, it has no existence. It is unset. It is possible to check if a variable doesn't exist by using isset(). This returns true provided the variable exists and isn't set to null. With the exception of null, the value a variable holds plays no part in determining whether a variable is set.
Setting an existing variable to null is a way of unsetting a variable. Another way is variables may be destroyed by using the unset() construct.
print isset($a); // $a is not set. Prints false. (Or more accurately prints ''.)
$b = 0; // isset($b) returns true (or more accurately '1')
$c = array(); // isset($c) returns true
$b = null; // Now isset($b) returns false;
unset($c); // Now isset($c) returns false;
is_null() is an equivalent test to checking that isset() is false.
The first time that a variable is used in a scope, it's automatically created. After this isset is true. At the point at which it is created it also receives a type according to the context.
$a_bool = true; // a boolean
$a_str = 'foo'; // a string
If it is used without having been given a value then it is uninitalized and it receives the default value for the type. The default values are the _empty_ values. E.g Booleans default to FALSE, integers and floats default to zero, strings to the empty string '', arrays to the empty array.
A variable can be tested for emptiness using empty();
$a = 0; //This isset, but is empty
Unset variables are also empty.
empty($vessel); // returns true. Also $vessel is unset.
Everything above applies to array elements too.
$item = array();
//Now isset($item) returns true. But isset($item['unicorn']) is false.
//empty($item) is true, and so is empty($item['unicorn']
$item['unicorn'] = '';
//Now isset($item['unicorn']) is true. And empty($item) is false.
//But empty($item['unicorn']) is still true;
$item['unicorn'] = 'Pink unicorn';
//isset($item['unicorn']) is still true. And empty($item) is still false.
//But now empty($item['unicorn']) is false;
For arrays, this is important because accessing a non-existent array item can trigger errors; you may want to test arrays and array items for existence with isset before using them.


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Furthermore, caution should be used when correlating TMRCA with archaeological events. As I have noted before, the founder of a haplogroup is not the same as the Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA) of the present-day population from that haplogroup. This study seems to argue against the Middle Eastern origin of E-V13 suggested by Cruciani et al..
When exactly E-V13 came to the Balkans remains to be seen, but its expansion is properly placed in a Bronze Age rather than Mesolithic time frame. Interestingly, the paper has turned up some additional evidence:
Only four E-M78*, which do not belong to any already described sub-clade, have been observed in the southern Balkans. Two of them (from Greece) turned out to be characterized by the mutation M521 and therefore represent a new M78 lineage.This is suggestive that E-V13 expanded from the Balkans out of a pre-existing E-M78 ancestor, almost completely swamping that E-M78 population. When exactly E-M78 arrived in the Balkans, it is difficult to say, since Y-STR variance takes us only as far back as the MRCA who lived in the Bronze Age.
The presence of E-M78* Y chromosomes in the Balkans (two Albanians), previously described virtually only in northeast Africa, upper Nile, gives rise to the question of what the original source of the E-M78 may have been.
In any case, this paper adds important new data on Balkan Y-chromosomes, although it is unfortunately marred by facile Y-chromosome/archaeological correlations, and the use of the inappropriate evolutionary mutation rate.
At present, I see no reason to change my theory on the expansion of E-V13. The finding that E-V13 is less diverse in Anatolia and the Middle East further reinforces the idea of the Balkan origin of that expansion, while an estimated age in the 2nd millennium BC is consistent with the birth of the Greek world.
The authors write:
Interestingly, J-DYS445-6 and J-M92 (a sub-lineage of M67), both have expansion times between 7000 and 8000 years agoConverted into non-"evolutionary" ages, these are again consistent with the expansion of the Greek world. J-M92 was correctly associated with the expansion of the Greek world by Di Giacomo et al. (2004) "Y chromosomal haplogroup J as a signature of the post-neolithic colonization of Europe", who did not fall into the evolutionary mutation rate trap.
Also of interest is the discovery of an extremely rare R1a*(xR1a1) in a single Macedonian Greek. Another instance of R1a*(xR1a1) was previously discovered in a Cretan Greek. R1a1 occurred in 16.3% of Greeks from Athens vs. 10.5% of Greeks from Macedonia, the opposite of what was observed by Semino et al. in 2000. R1a1 does not seem to have any clear geographical structure within Greece, which would be expected if it was of more recent introduction.
UPDATE: Having labeled E-V13 Mesolithic, the authors label haplogroups G and J2 as Neolithic. A most interesting observation (Table 1) is that haplogroup J2a-M410* and J2b-M12* have the maximum and second maximum Y-STR variance in the region, being much more diverse than other haplogroups supposedly representing pre-agricultural Europeans.
At least, such a finding should give pause to those who arrive at facile conclusions about ages of human migrations on the basis of Y-STR variance.
European Journal of Human Genetics doi:10.1038/ejhg.2008.249
Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe
Vincenza Battaglia et al.
The debate concerning the mechanisms underlying the prehistoric spread of farming to Southeast Europe is framed around the opposing roles of population movement and cultural diffusion. To investigate the possible involvement of local people during the transition of agriculture in the Balkans, we analysed patterns of Y-chromosome diversity in 1206 subjects from 17 population samples, mainly from Southeast Europe. Evidence from three Y-chromosome lineages, I-M423, E-V13 and J-M241, make it possible to distinguish between Holocene Mesolithic forager and subsequent Neolithic range expansions from the eastern Sahara and the Near East, respectively. In particular, whereas the Balkan microsatellite variation associated to J-M241 correlates with the Neolithic period, those related to E-V13 and I-M423 Balkan Y chromosomes are consistent with a late Mesolithic time frame. In addition, the low frequency and variance associated to I-M423 and E-V13 in Anatolia and the Middle East, support an European Mesolithic origin of these two clades. Thus, these Balkan Mesolithic foragers with their own autochthonous genetic signatures, were destined to become the earliest to adopt farming, when it was subsequently introduced by a cadre of migrating farmers from the Near East. These initial local converted farmers became the principal agents spreading this economy using maritime leapfrog colonization strategies in the Adriatic and transmitting the Neolithic cultural package to other adjacent Mesolithic populations. The ensuing range expansions of E-V13 and I-M423 parallel in space and time the diffusion of Neolithic Impressed Ware, thereby supporting a case of cultural diffusion using genetic evidence.


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You'll literally fly with these super cute huggies.
Please allow up to 24-48 hours for us to prepare your order and 4-5 business days for shipping them.
Each product has it's own size guide within the product page under the description tab.
Please follow the size guide to select the right size. Do not select directly according to your habits and size up if you have to.
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Uptheir Tarpourley SS Checked Shirt - Orange
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- Uptheir Tarpourley SS Checked Shirt - Orange
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Pinson & Birmingham Alabama Boat & Watercraft Insurance
At Briggs Insurance Agency, we can offer a wide variety of coverages and options for your boat, jet ski or personal watercraft. Some boats or smaller watercraft may even be covered under your current homeowners policy. The size, type and value of your boat, personal watercraft or jet ski will be part of the determining factors in evaluating your Pinson & Birmingham Alabama insurance coverage needs.
Let one of our experienced agents help you find the coverage that matches your needs and offer recommendations to best fit your situation. The following list some of the many coverages that we can offer:
- Physical Damage Coverage - Adding this coverage to your policy can help protect your boat while in storage and during transport. This covers your boat as well when out of the water, including but not limited to: fire, lightning, vandalism or theft. You can also obtain emergency service reimbursement for expenses related to towing, labor or supplies.
- Liability Coverage - This coverage will assist you in the event of a collision with another boat, dock or other boaters.
- Personal Liability - helps protect you or a family member if you have an accident that causes injury to another person.
- Medical Payments - covering medical expenses if you or someone in your boat is involved in an accident.
- Property Damage - damage that may be caused to another persons property while operating your watercraft.
Boat and Watercraft Insurance in Pinson & Birmingham Alabama
Consult with one of our professional agents at Briggs Insurance Agency to make sure you have the right coverage at a competitive price. We can evaluate your boat or jet ski insurance needs to find special coverages you may need or any discounts you may qualify for. Some additional discounts and coverages may include:
- Accident forgiveness
- Roadside Assistance
- Boat Removal
- Boating Safety
- Multi policy discounts


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Thu, Aug 08
|Any Computer, Tablet or Smartphone
Discover the challenges and opportunities you face in a world where addiction is a growing crisis and discover what you can do to save a life. The Hamilton County Coalition is moving all of our trainings to virtual trainings. Please See The Details Below:
Time & Location
Aug 08, 2024, 2:00 PM – 3:30 PM EDT
Any Computer, Tablet or Smartphone
About the Event
Virtual Opioid Overdose Prevention Training
If You Register Less Than 24 hours BEFORE THE EVENT, PLEASE CONFIRM YOUR REGISTRATION BY CALLING OR TEXTING (423) 255-8551.
Thank you for registering for the virtual training event. The details about the meeting will be sent to you via email three days prior to the training event.
The Hamilton County Coalition looks forward to serving you and the community you serve by providing this Life-saving training. We are all grateful for your participation and your interest in learning how to save lives.
- Learn how to identify the signs of an overdose
- Learn who to contact if there is a suspected overdose
- Learn what to do in those critical moments
- Learn about alternative pain management
- Learn about treatment resources
- Learn how to prevent an overdose
- Learn how to save a life!


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- Detalles
- Visto: 11297430
Photographic plates were digitized using professional flatbed scanners of type EPSON Expression 10000XL and were processed to the present digital form. The plate digitization project (D.Groote) was funded by DFG grant GR969/4-1 and SCM1032/552. Investigators using these scans are kindly requested to include the following acknowledgements in any publications. The material in these archives can be used for scientific purposes free of charge. Any other usage requires the written permission of the director of Hamburger Sternwarte.
Copyright © Hamburger Sternwarte, Fachbereich Physik, MIN-Fakultät, Universität Hamburg. All rights reserved.
In case you use plates of the Digital Plate Archives for any publication, please acknowledge the use of the Hamburger Sternwarte Digital Plate Archives. Also, please send us a link to the publication so that we can include it in our lists of publications which make use of the Hamburger Sternwarte Digital Plate Archives.


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Young woman of 48 years old receive you at her place around a glass for a moment of softness. Reserved for men over 39 years old I live in Choctaw
If you come, I'll take your lips from the door, We will go without talking in the shadows and cushions, I'll make you fall there, long as a dead woman, And, passionately, I will look for your breasts. Through your corsage bouquet, my mouth Will take their naked tip and pink Choctaw flowers, And listening to you moan about the kiss that touches them, I will desire you, to the point of crying, to the point of crying! - Now, lips to the breast, I want my right hand Make your body vibrate - flawless instrument - That all the art of Love inspired by Sapho Exalts this intimate and moist sensitive flesh. But when the difficult and terrible pleasure Will bend you, delivered, wide open, May I hold back the mad rush of desire Who will squeeze my fingers against your inert collar!
WELCOME Want to EXOTISM? Let yourself go into the colorful and sweet world of NAOMIE: I am an exotic temptation with a thousand and one flavors, dressed in a formidable CHARM of unctuousness, delicately coated with a SUBLIME sweetness, wrapped in an enigmatic CHARM, DELICIOUS with mystery and garnished with a SOFT and HARMONIOUS elegance. Followed by a coquetry very pushed to refinement: CRACKLING of subtlety, FOUNDATION of softness, CRACKLING at the SOUND, GLOWING of the DESIRE and EXPLOSIVE at the PLEASURE. From my elegant and graceful FEMINITY box, I am an amazing CONFISERY entirely *NATURAL* and free of *ARTIFICIAL* aromas. From my most gastronomic finesse, I am an undeniable panoply of FRIENDS for your GOURMANDISE. Would you like to be totally vampirized when you return from TRANS-ylvania? A TRANS- at in DUO rather than SOLITARY? my BOAT is a marvelous means of TRANS-port: a TRANS-Atlantic TRANS- at with a high mast with which we will sail against MORAL WIND and RELEASE TIDES in my HYPNOTIC TRIANGLES of the BERMUDES... You will be stranded in my FARM ISLAND or of a succulent SOFTNESS, you will taste and savour again and again my FLAVOUROUS and DELICIOUS fruit in the shade of a MAJESTYING palm tree erected in your HONOUR. I am a TRANS-gression, a troubling alchemy that TRANS-cends. Thirst for a TRANS-parent elixir? Come in my BODEGA, we will make BEAUTIFUL DAMAGES: my teat is fairy-tale and my nectar divine... From my most luminous thoughts to the FLAMBORATING petals of san[g]su(e)-ality, I send you a BOUQUET COQUET and give you SHINING kisses, LUXURIOUS aromas of SWEETNESS that will mix with your MUSCLED and MUSKY SCENTRIES... NAOMY: the POSSESSION which is similar to the feminine, that of the inquisitive masculine JURISDICTION castigating the original sin. I am a PURIFICATION to all your FRUSTRATIONS: Give yourself to a final sacrifice and your so fragile souls will rest in an eternity of passion. PERFECTION exists: it is of the exactitude of the ORTHOGRAPHY, of the eccentricity of the GRAMMAIRE, of the expansion of the CONJUGAISON, of the exemplarity of the PONCTUATION, of the excellent movement of the SYNTAX and I wish TO BE BENDED in this ideal and to be its AXIS AND TARGET. AVAILABLE from 11:00 AM to 00:00 AM, answers neither to SMS, EMAILS, nor FIXED PHONES. Above all have the RIGHTNESS and the GENTILITY to unmask your NUMBERS. Quickly I give you a SHEET for an appointment. SEE YOU LATER....
I am very active and Domina for passive greedy, I take my time discreetly. I receive in my apartment deprived access shower before and after I will not answer any hidden calls thank you for your attention.
I am a very beautiful blonde girl I'm just passing through Call me for a visit
Hello my darling, If you are looking to spend a fantastic and unforgettable moment in the company of a real woman, you have come to the right place. With me no bad surprises, my photos are 100% mine and up to date... I am a beautiful courtesan with a dream body and a beautiful chest. For more information, call me, I will not answer to hidden or landline calls.
Hello I introduce myself vanessa 26 years old I practice the report protect the blowjob nature preliminary caress I do not swallow but takes in mouth no deep throat and I do not kiss I always work days from 9am to 14:30 and 22h to 00h except Wednesday afternoon and weekends
Pretty young American woman loving sex and cuddles I offer erotic and carnal parentheses at my home in the center of Le Mans. Discovery of pleasures and eroticism guaranteed :)
I am a black woman of 30 years old, with beautiful roundnesses, discreet, smiling, sensual, gifted with her hands. I receive only in Choctaw only courteous man of preference. My services : * Massage naturist, sensual, erotic, tantric with essential oils + blowjob nature, masturbation, deep throat sexual intercourse always protected, 69, cunilingus
Hello Passing on the island From 07 to 09 August search friendly meeting with discreet courteous man. A good time to get out of the routine in a friendly atmosphere.
My name is BIANCA I am a very naughty girl, affectionate, funny and full of energy, sensitive, romantic and tender, who will not leave you indifferent ... I do full body massages with softness .... For more information do not hesitate to call me or send me a text message!!! Please make an appointment in advance (30 minutes OR 1 hour) Thank you. I don't give photos, I don't make videos! I don't move around, I just choose my private apartment in the greatest discretion and perfect hygiene. I reserve the right to choose my clientele!!! If I don't answer the phone it means that I am busy, try a little later or leave me a message that I will answer as soon as possible!!! Thank you for your understanding!!!
To improve my daily life, I make warm and discreet meetings. I am of a naughty nature, feline I propose to the men a good part of one hour. or two I am active and passive Kisses
hello my name is iza I am a beautiful sculptural latina body big tits big ass brown skin super cat I am aki to realize all your desesjos and costumes available from 10:00 to 12:00 and call me for more information Thank you !!!!
I am FernandaBrasil a very beautiful, elegant, natural and sexy girl. If you want to enjoy a good massage, .... I am sure that will be an unforgettable moment with a sweet and very sensual girl, funny and delicate, with a very harmonious face. or if you wish to have a good time in my company, Let yourself be tempted by beauty, discover my softness, succumb to my charm and let yourself be overwhelmed by an incredible passion !! I receive in a private apartment with possibility of shower for you NOT SMS, NOT HIDDEN NÚMEROS, NOT DESPLACED
STOP FALSE PHOTOS AND SCAMS: The jokers, myths and fantasies thank you for passing your way: Not being able to answer all the calls, for a better comfort of each one, 1st contact & information will be done by SMS. Please listen to my answering machine and READ FULLY the 2 SMS that you will receive afterwards, THANK YOU to avoid useless QUESTIONS AND BLABLA that do not lead to anything (3 SMS max) The appointments will be made the SAME DAY ONLY 30/45 min in advance minimum by SMS also. You are NOVICE, NOT EXPERIENCED, you want a MAGICAL and UNBELIEVABLE experience in the hands of an EXPERT BEGINNER you made the RIGHT CHOICE then do not hesitate to come to discover me I am listening to all YOUR specific ENVIOUSES, and I like to take the TIME to make you enjoy this moment until THE END by giving all the BEST of myself.
I am Lola/Marie I am 24 years old I am a young ebony escort ( 1.62 39kg 85C ) Contact me by mail: Cordially Ps: I am in Choctaw
HELLO MY NAME IS ***DYANA *** IF YOU ARE LOOKING FOR A BEAUTIFUL AND EXOTIC TRANS DOLL 21 YEARS OLD ... WITH 100% REAL PHOTOS .... Slim, ... beautiful bodies and SENSUAL curves ... FEMININE AND EDUCATED. BE YOUR BEST OPTION ... IN RELAXED MASSAGES ... SADISFACERE IN BED I AM VERY JUGUETONA ... I LIKE ANY CLASS OF EROTIC POSITIONS ... FANTASIES AND TABOOS ... I WAIT IN MY DEPARTMENT THAT IS VERY DISCREET CALM ... AND HYGIENIC ... IN CHOCTAW 16 ... COME AND CONTACT ME ###
Hello. Are you looking for a moment of relaxation? ... I am a hot, soft, sexy latina, I offer you an exceptional moment full of new sensations, come relax in my hands with a sensual and unforgettable massage. I assure you in our meeting that you are 100% satisfied. If you want to change your mind and spend an unforgettable moment, come and meet me ... Preliminary blowjob, 69, massage, caresses, bisus, etc ... call me ..... I am waiting for you.
✅ Nice to meet you, my name is BRUNA DIIMY , I'm in Choctaw CITY. I propose you a pleasant moment in my company, massage, caress, I am active and passive, very expert, honest and discreet and very nice, I like company and cultured men. **BITE: 23CM **SIZE: 1,80 **WEIGHT: 79k **RECEIPT: YES **TRAVEL: NO I am latina skin extremely soft cuddly, hot and hyper slutty, I love the sexy intimate outfit for a very good moment of pleasure. I live in a quiet neighborhood and easy to find and discreet for a moment of intense pleasure, I only receive by appointment call me half an hour before to confirm to very soon I hope. ✅ The Photos Are Real and Not Bad Surprise!
Hi, I'm Carol. I'm a young girl slim sexy sweet and very feminine rather very well fucked with a lot of experience. Very hot latina by nature, I am obviously well built and very clean I can be very gentle. for a very cool moment of relaxation and good atmosphere do not hesitate to contact me by phone and make an appointment that I kindly ask you to honor because ... I don't answer neither the numbers masked! I target serious men who want to have a good time with a girl who keeps her promises in terms of what she offers. Kiss is coming soon A kiss to all !
I am a sexy Asian woman sympathetic, refined and very cute for you ... I offer you my services of blowjob nature with report I'm waiting for you kisses
Hello I am laetice AVAILABLE IN CHOCTAW WITH MY 24 CM REAL AND If you are looking for a good massage to relax with a beautiful 28 year old trans you are on the right corner! I am a very pretty trans woman dreaming for a good time in all discretion... I'm very nice, refined With a touch of natural elegance, a very beautiful face.....MIIIS PHOTOS 100% DO NOT HESITATE TO CONTACT ME FOR AN APPOINTMENT BISOUS AND ABIENTOT
Hello my name is Shana I'm American just 20 years old young black student very sexy hot and pulpy and my photos are real and recent. I do blowjob nature, deep throat drooling, mouth / facial ejaculation. Vaginal intercourse and anal. face fucking, anilingus, vaginal fist....... I am quite open, very few taboos. My ad is about serious courteous men, I'm very hygienic, I always get a shower before and after. See you soon
I am a beautiful young lady, elegant, seductive and cultivated, I am of Martinique origin. And I am mixed race
From September 2 to 9 in Choctaw Hi my loves I'm Sara a beautiful and young TRANSSEXUAL Colombian girl of 24 years old, with a beautiful body of dream! I measure 1m61 and 61 kg a soft perfumed skin, like a peach ready to be tasted. I am kind sweet and pleasant I'm here to offer you a good massage of very hot moments with me, I offer full report I am active and passive 0 taboos, I am available every day. Photos 100% ** I receive in a clean and discreet apartment** contact me So if you are looking for the ideal mistress to serve, call me and you will not regret it and remember for the rest of your life, I promise! Perfect for beginners I will be gentle and to you. I am open to all and to the most naughty games. Let me revel in your good milk. Notice to the submissives, I will be your mistress. I welcome you in a discreet and hygienic setting. Come and taste my body, my breasts with sensitive nipples, my beautiful tanned skin or my beautiful curves.


text:
unarchive In The Box of packagedeal145 keyboard_arrow_down
- 7.3118
- 7.7108
- Front Sway Bar Bushings - varies
lock Warranty Information keyboard_arrow_down
- Energy Suspension warrants its products against defects in workmanship and material for 7 years or 750,000 miles when used on passenger cars and light trucks. Products that have been abused, altered, or incorrectly installed are not covered. Energy Suspension will replace defective products or component parts, if inspection for factory personnel determines the part to be defective. Warranty replacement covers only the product. Labor claims, time loss, or freight charges will not be honored.
Energy Suspension HyperFlex Package Kit
Thinking about changing a bushing? Why not replace them all? Energy Suspension Master Kits include the bushings you need to completely revamp your suspension. Positions and parts vary from vehicle to vehicle, but each package contains the bushings that Energy Suspension offers.
Energy Suspension's Hyperflex polyurethane is a firmer bushing than the O.E. Not only does this increase the longevity of the bushing but gives the suspension a boost in handling performance. With a firmer bushing, there will be a slight increase in NVH (noise, vibration and harshness), but most drivers prefer the boost in performance in spite of that. Replacing the entirety of your suspension bushings maximizes your handling and ensures it stays that way for a long time.
Replacing the Faulty Rubber
O.E. Manufacturer's use of soft rubber bushings when making a car. This is great for dampening noise and vibrations, but not so great for performance or longevity. Once the rubber fails, that quiet and smooth ride will fail as well. Rubber is prone to failure due to wear and tear, UV rays, road grimes, and vehicle oils.
Be sure to use Formula 5
This Package will come with plenty of Energy Suspension's own Formula 5 Bushing Lubricant. Using plenty of grease is the best way to ensure a long lasting part without any squeaking. So be sure to use more than enough lubricant when upgrading your suspension bushings. If you'd like some extra grease just in case, pick up an extra 3 pack or an 8 ounce tube.


text:
2016 Generac 6 kVA Light Tower
Inspection Report
This item is offered with IronClad Assurance® protection. With IronClad Assurance®, if a buyer discovers that the item is not substantially in the condition as represented in this inspection report, the buyer may submit a written dispute claim to IronPlanet. Following submission of a written dispute claim, IronPlanet will investigate the claim, re-inspecting the equipment item as necessary, and determine a fair and mutually beneficial resolution. Please note that IronPlanet inspections are performed solely for the purpose of reporting the visible condition of the equipment's major systems and attachments on the day of the inspection and do not include load testing or digging/lifting. These inspections are not designed nor intended to detect latent defects, or conditions that could only be found in connection with the physical dismantling of the equipment or the use of diagnostic tools or techniques. This inspection report includes ratings, comments, and photos of the various components of the item. Knowledgeable buyers are expected to carefully review all of the available information in the inspection report, including all photographs, in order to make the best bidding and buying decision possible.
Important Information
Within 7 days after the auction, the buyer must submit full payment, including applicable taxes and fees to avoid late fees.
For this item, payment is due on or before
2 August . - This item is subject to Florida sales tax.
- Payment can be made by wire transfer (recommended) or credit card (additional fee will apply).
- All bids cannot be retracted and are binding until 2 business days after the auction ends. Failure to make full payment will result in a Default Fee.
- For Buyers in the United States IronPlanet hereby notifies you that the consigners of certain pieces of Equipment may have assigned to a qualified intermediary their rights, but not their obligations, for purposes of effecting a deferred Like-Kind Exchange under section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and applicable regulations.
Final Selling Price | Transaction Fee |
$1 to $5,000 | 15% of the final selling price (min $100) |
$5,000 to $12,000 | 10% of the final selling price (min $750) |
$12,000 to $75,000 | 4.85% of the final selling price (min $1,200) |
Above $75,000 | $3,638 |
- Buyer is responsible for all costs related to transporting the item.
- Item must be picked up within 8 business days of the auction, or the buyer will incur storage charges.
Failure to follow these terms may result in the seller turning away the attempt of your driver to pick up the purchased item(s).
Hours: null-null
Hours of operation are subject to change for Holiday Schedules
You must call at least 24 hours in advance to schedule pickup
No Loading Dock, Ramps, or Forklift Available: Only RGN or trailers with ramps can be used to pick up this item at this location. Seller will not allow item to be loaded on a step-deck or flatbed trailer without the appropriate ramps.
Driver MUST bring a copy of the IronPlanet Item Release to pick the item up.
Every year, more and more equipment buyers are saying goodbye to the banks and hello to PurchaseFlex Financing from Ritchie Bros. Financial Services. Since 2011, we've helped more than 10,000 Ritchie Bros. customers acquire more than $1 billion in equipment needed to run their businesses.
We offer fast approvals, and give you the freedom and flexibility to buy what you need, when you need it. Our team of 100+ friendly financing experts are here to help your business grow, and are ready to invest in your success over the long term.
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What sets Ritchie Bros. Financial
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David Fischer - Performance Grading Inc.
Florida, USA
Customer Care Agents are available Monday to Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. (Brisbane Time) |
Phone | 1300 139 344 or +61 7 3382 4444 if outside Australia | |
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email@example.com |


text:
Tripitaka - 57 Complete Set of Books
Sinhala Dhammapada Kavya
සිංහල ධම්මපද කාව්යය - කුරුණෑගොඩ පියතිස්ස හිමි විසින් රචිත මෙම ග්රන්ථය පාලි ධම්මපදයේ පද්යමය පරිවර්තනයක් ය.
Terms and conditions of use
කුරුණෑගොඩ පියතිස්ස හිමි විසින් රචිත මෙම ග්රන්ථය පාලි ධම්මපදයේ පද්යමය පරිවර්තනයක් ය.
Publisher : Buddhist Literature Society
Pages : 122
Weight : 150 g
Binding : Soft Binding
Sinhalese Name : සිංහල ධම්මපද කාව්යය
Sinhala Dhammapada Kavya
- Language
- Sinhala
- Publisher
- Buddhist Literature Society
- Author
- Ven. Kurunagoda Piyathissa Thero
The customer must choose from the following mail services that the BCC provides in the online purchase form:
- Aramex
- AirMail
- Sri Lanka Post (Domestic)
Upon receipt of confirmation of payment, the Buddhist Cultural Center will release purchased books to the mail service selected by the customer in the online purchase form. The BCC hereby exempts itself from any and all responsibilities pertaining to the shipment or postage of goods. The time taken for delivery, and quality of service, will depend on the express mail service or shipping service selected by the customer in the online purchase form.
Returns Policy
In the case of returns, a formal complaint must be lodged (in writing) within 14 days of the purchase. The return of purchased items is only acceptable under the following circumstances:
- Manufacturing defects in items such as audio or video cassettes, CDs and DVDs.
- Printing or binding defects in printed material
- The shipment of an item that was not ordered, or the failure to ship an ordered item.
The Buddhist Cultural Center will bear no expense for postage of formal complaints, or returned items. The Buddhist Cultural Center is exempt from any and all liability pertaining to manufacturing defects if foul play is suspected or discovered.
Refund Policy
The BCC will consider a refund on a purchased item only if said item becomes unavailable after purchase. A request for a refund must be made within 2 days of the transaction. The average period of time taken for a refund can range between 14 and 21 days.
We have embarked on a programme of donating books to libraries in the island and Buddhist monastic institutions, as well as to the children who are unable to afford to purchase them. You too can participate in this act of great merit.


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Payment for an item must be received within 2 days of purchase.
If you have commissioned a piece of Artwork please forward photographs to firstname.lastname@example.com with you name included.
Artwork commissions often have a lead time of 6-8 weeks, we will however aim to have your custom artwork ready as soon as possible.
We aim to post our prints out next day by 1st class post. this service is FREE within the UK.
A commissioned piece of Artwork may take 6-8 weeks this will be confirmed at time of order.
Just contact me within: 14 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 30 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, I can't accept returns for:
Unfortunately, we cannot accept returns for a personalised item.
if you have any queries please send me a message x
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Information you provided during checkout will be shared for the purposes of processing your payments, refunding such payments and dealing with complaints and queries relating to such payments and refunds.
You can find information about the payment services providers privacy policies and practices at.
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By using JennyDunlopArt website and providing us with your personal information, you are accepting the privacy practices described in this policy. We may update our Privacy Policy from time to time. Please check back here occasionally. Updates to our Privacy Policy that would affect how we treat your personal information will not apply to information collected before we made the update, unless we first obtain your consent.
Contact Us
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text:
The percentage of middle and high school students who have tried electronic cigarettes more than doubled in a year, federal health officials reported Thursday.
The percentage of students in grades 6 through 12 who had ever used e-cigarettes increased from 3.3 percent in 2011 to 6.8 percent in 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Those who reported currently using the devices increased from 1.1 percent to 2.1 percent.
Based on the numbers, the CDC estimates that 1.78 million middle and high school students nationwide have tried e-cigarettes.
"The increased use of e-cigarettes by teens is deeply troubling," CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden said in a statement.
E-cigarettes look like traditional cigarettes, but they don't burn tobacco. Instead, the battery-powered devices use water vapor to carry nicotine into a person's lungs and bloodstream. So the e-cigarettes don't produce tar or carbon monoxide.
The companies that make the devices say they are safer than regular cigarettes and can help smokers stop using them. But some health officials say that remains unclear.
"We don't yet understand the long-term effects of these novel tobacco products," Mitchell Zeller, director of the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Tobacco Products, said in a statement.
Public health officials also worry e-cigarettes could lead teenagers to use tobacco products. In the new survey, three-quarters of students said they also smoked conventional cigarettes.
"Nicotine is a highly addictive drug. Many teens who start with e-cigarettes may be condemned to struggling with a lifelong addiction to nicotine and conventional cigarettes," Frieden said in the news release.
E-cigarette makers say they don't market to kids. But, like little cigars and cigarillos that are popular with young people, e-cigarettes come in flavors like cherry, strawberry, vanilla and cookies and cream.
Altria, which recently entered the e-cigarette market, issued a statement in response to the CDC report. "We do not want kids to use e-cigarettes or any other tobacco product," the statement said, adding that the company supports legislation that establishes minimum age limits for the purchase of e-cigarettes.
"About 90 percent of all smokers begin smoking as teenagers," said Tim McAfee, director of the CDC's Office on Smoking and Health. "We must keep our youth from experimenting or using any tobacco products. These dramatic increases suggest that developing strategies to prevent marketing, sales and use of e-cigarettes among youth is critical."
The new data come from the National Youth Tobacco Survey, which surveyed youths in grades 6 through 12 across the country about their use of cigarettes — both electronic and tobacco-filled.
Among middle-schoolers, those who reported ever using e-cigarettes increased from 1.4 percent to 2.7 percent while those reporting currently using the devices rose from 0.6 percent to 1.1 percent. Among high-schoolers, those who reported ever using e-cigarettes went from 4.7 percent to 10 percent, while those currently using the devices jumped from 1.5 percent to 2.8 percent.
E-cigarettes aren't subject to the same restrictions that apply to tobacco cigarettes. There are no extra taxes or restrictions on advertising or selling cigarettes individually. There's also no age limit. Minors are free to buy e-cigarettes in stores and online.
"These findings reinforce why the FDA intends to expand its authority over all tobacco products and establish a comprehensive and appropriate regulatory framework to reduce disease and death from tobacco use," Zeller said.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


text:
The Baby K-ring Kid Collar with Neck Support features a High Density Foam Collar, Sternum Support, Back Support for Load Distribution on the Shoulder Blades, and Fast and Safe Closing with Internal Magnet and External Strap. You can washable and removable
Sparco Round Collar Kart K-Ring Kids
• High Density Foam Collar and sternum Support
• Back Support for Load Distribution on the Shoulder Blades
• Fast and Safe Closing With Internal Magnet and External Strap
Weight | N/A |
Dimensions | N/A |
Brand | |
Colour |
Black / Red ,Black / White |
We're here for you when you need us, but before reaching out, please visit our FAQ's for quick answers to common questions. It could save you time and provide the solution you're looking for.
If you can't find answers to your questions in our FAQs page, or you need or prefer to speak to one of us personally, please contact our dedicated support team via the email form on our Contact Us page or any of the contact methods below, and we'll respond promptly.
Ways to get in touch
By phone…
Our sales team operate from 09:00 – 17:30 UK Time, Monday – Sunday, but you can call anytime and leave a message if you wish to. Our number is +44 (0)1327 855 585.
Alternatively, you can email us…
General Enquiries – [email protected]
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For post, or if you would like to visit our showroom and retail outlet, our address is…
Grand Prix Racewear
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Silverstone Circuit
Our sales support staff are passionate about motorsport and the products and services we offer. Ask them anything and they'll be delighted to help.
We appreciate you contacting us – your questions and feedback are invaluable in helping us improve our services.
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text:
Free soccer daily fixed matches sure prediction 03 06 2019
Soccer Free Solo Predictions Monday
Free matches are not 100% Secure. Therefore we have 100% sure fixed matches since 2010, You can enjoy with our free tips or you can subscribe and make real money. All you need to do is contact with our agent, make deal and watch how your profit grow. In addition we show our proofs and guarantee for our matches. Greatest professional tipsters. Also guaranteed big wining bets. On the right place although on the right time. Lower price best coefficient. Do we have discounts and bonuses? Yes, especially new members.
Request for a trial or proof before you join our service ?
due to numerous cases of abuse, we have decided to stop all request for free trial picks. We regret any if this has influence on your decision. But a starter package can prove you everything you need to believe that we are true professionals in betting on soccer matches.
How can you make your payment?
Our available payment methods are: Western Union, Neteller, Money Gram,
Have more questions? Don't know how to get in touch with our agent?
Easy, Contact us anytime on our email or WhatsApp number. We are here 24/7.
FixedMatches24 Free Soccer Predictions 03/06/2019
Time | Match | Pick | Odd | FT |
17:30h | Ukraine U20 v Panama U20 | X2 | 2.50 | 4:1 |
17:30h | Uruguay U20 v Ecuador U20 | Over 1.5 goals | 1.50 | 1:3 |
However free single matches you will get our on our site. Therefore you will get notification for every news for soccer betting and analyze. Since we start work we help people. While you sit we do the job for you. As a result of our work we give another chance for victory. In addition we show our past archive. Therefore you can see proofs from our bets. In case of loss we will return your money. Because everyone have to enjoy. Finally you choose what happen with your bets and wining.
Contact Us 24/7 Online Agent
Email: email@example.com & Contact Mobile: +46 40 692 81 40


text:
Car Rentals in Rajamundry – Book Car Hire Services in Rajamundry from Tempo Traveller Cabs. We deal with Rajamundry Taxi Packages, Luxury Rajamundry cabs, Airport transfer & Railway Station Transfer, Local Cab, Local Sightseeing trip & Outstation trip at best price in market. Our Taxi Services in Rajamundry has a very wide network. Naturally, when it comes to hiring a car or other vehicle your primary concern should be with its quality. We provide Car & Coach Rental Services for a different type of vehicles such as Compact Car, Sedan Cab, SUV Car, Mini Van, AC Tempo Traveller and AC Bus.
We Have a Large variants of Fleets for Rajamundry Taxi Services which Includes All Variants of Cars & Coaches i.e. AC Indica, Indigo Car, Swift Dzire Car, Honda City Car, Chevrolet Enjoy Car, Scorpio Car, Tavera Cab, Innova Cab, Innova Crysta, Toyota Fortuner, Premium Cars – Jaguar XF, Audi A6, Audi A4, BMW 5 Series, BMW 3 Series, Mercedes-Benz E class, Mercedes-Benz CLA 200, Skoda Laura, Volkswagen Jetta, Hyundai Elantra, AC Mini Vans – 9 Seater Tata Winger, 13 Seater Tata Winger Mini Van, AC Tempo Traveller – 13 Seater Force Traveller (13+ 1 Driver), 17 Seater Force Traveller (17+1 Driver), 26 Seater Force Traveller (26+1 Driver), Luxury Tempo Traveller- 15 Seater Luxury Force Traveller, 18 Seater Luxury Force Traveller, Non-AC Bus Coach Variants – 21 Seater NON-AC BUS (21 + 1 Driver), 35 Seater NON-AC BUS (35 + 1 Driver), 42 Seater Non-AC Bus (42+1Driver), Luxury AC Bus Coach Variants – 45 Seater AC Volvo Bus, 41 Seater + 14 Sleeper Seat AC Bus (41 +14 + 1 Driver), 41 Seater AC Bus (41 +1 Driver), 45 Seater AC Bus (45 +1 Driver ), 55 Seater AC Bus Coach (55+1Driver).
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