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People often put a high value on anything they consider worthy. We put so many things in the highest place of our priorities thinking that they are the definition of real joy. It has improved our means of living in ways we believe they do, that we unknowingly stop actively seeking on which 'improvement' really has to be.
So, of all the things you've tried so hard to improve, why have you never improved yourself?
This question might be for someone who has heard all sorts of movies that discusses the character development of every cast; however, still haven't reached the grid of where self-improvement comes from or for someone who has been trying to realize what went wrong in their self-improvement journeys. Then, was there a formula to self-improvement?
Talking about self-improvement, it is the goals or any given activities that enhance the quality of life of someone and or help people to reach their full potential and realize the objectives and standard of their dreams. It defines the improvement of one's knowledge, skills, mindset, and character— the most important factor of growing
Self-improvement is a lifelong process but guess, you'll want to try these 5 easy to swallow pills for self-improvement.
Pill #1: Start-up with self-reflection
When aiming for self-development, the first step always comes as the hardest. Starting, we are to assess ourselves— the existing strengths and weaknesses, the pebbles or rocks that hindered us from improving, the people who might be behind your unaltered lifestyle, or oftentimes, it is ourselves we find as the biggest stumbling block to why self-improvement wasn't taking place for you. You have tied up yourself for way too long so, to finally start your journey of self-improvement, you must not forget to cut yourself first from the bubble of "this is all I can be" that you were in.
Pill #2: Troubleshoot your habits
They say over 40 percent of decisions we do each day aren't decisions at all. They are what we call habits.
Most of the time, with all the things we did so far, we didn't make decisions among them. We do what we're used to, choose what we thought was the best as a result of our constants, and simply do what we've done before. Though, these are all products of our habits that make us less healthy, less productive, and less of everything that we could be. Given that, we cannot easily extinguish a bad habit we had almost our entire existence but the key to troubleshooting our habits is extinguishing the bad habits.
Certainly, we cannot just change our old habits but in trying, there is always a 'reward' you get out of it.
Pill #3: Remember the 0.0001 percent of your everyday
Sometimes, all sorts of self-improvement materials and ideas aren't enough to reach the point of development. Although you get clear on what you want and why you want it in the first place, there's always something you might be missing until today.
You might have heard some advice from podcasts or read from books that to achieve that self-improvement you've been working on for so long, you must put your hundred percent on everything. Indeed, this is a helpful reminder for everyone, but it is also relevant to be reminded that even your 0.0001 percent matters. A lesser percentage of growth is better than nothing at all. Hence, celebrating even the littlest improvement you knew you've performed as even the "almost" when built up is still an effort to get improved.
Pill #4: Let go of that "fixed mindset"
I am fine to who I am today-entirely-tending to stick with what you have and know. This is the cliché narrative of many people nowadays. In a fixed mindset, many believe that they are either born as naturally good and they're not. They do not view improvement as a fixed trait to success. They claim to be satisfied with who they currently are but are forgetting that every passing minute is a good chance for self-improvement. People who often have the "fixed mindset" seek to validate themselves. But once someone has let go of that "fixed mindset" upon aiming for an improved self, it will eventually start changing into a growth mindset that is focused on developing themselves.
Pill #5: Make a count of something different
Learn to work harder on yourself than you do in any other aspect of your life, that must be the different thing your self has been waiting to finally get the self-development you wanted. So, to see improvements in yourself, work out any different things that may help you. Work out on your health, relationships, careers, and other considerations that influence you the most to make a difference out of yourself. Given, there are times when we do something different that we are not sure if part of our growth, it is important to realize that doing something different always plays a key role in self-improvement. Self-improvement is something you attract with your efforts.
The only way to have more in life is for you to become more.
Self-improvement is a lifelong process built up with efforts and experiences. You can slow down if you feel like you're struggling and overwhelmed, or you can continue to walk for it when you think you're fueled enough to finally achieve it as early as today. Consequently, maintaining your pace upon going through self-improvement is very important.
Taking these self improvement pills, you don't have to improve everything simultaneously, rather, you have to take time and effort to help yourself become a person of value. Do something improving tomorrow, or the next few days, then the following days, and you will have the self-improvement you were aiming for. Start improving the things you know you need to know and work on improving yourself with proper care.
Find more of these stories at http://thephilippinepost.com/ or you can visit http://thevisayasjournal.com/ for the latest news and updates.


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IRV in Vermont
March 14, 2008, the Vermont House joined the Senate in approving
legislation that would implement instant runoff voting (IRV) for
congressional elections beginning in 2008. The measure passed by a vote
of 81 to 60. If this bill is implemented, Vermont will be the first
state to adopt IRV for statewide elections. This legislation generated
strong support from U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders, U.S. Rep. Peter Welch,
Common Cause, Vermont PIRG, FairVote and the League of Women Voters of
Vermont. IRV has a strong history of support in Vermont including
endorsements from more than 50 town meetings and former governor Howard
Dean. IRV is currently used in Burlington, VT.- Organizations endorsing IRV in Vermont
- Towns endorsing IRV in Vermont
- Vermont IRV media coverage
- Howard Dean on using IRV in Burlington
- 1999 report of the Vermont Commission to Study Preference Voting
- Testimony of FairVote's Caleb Kleppner to a Vermont State Legislative committee on the results of Burlington's first IRV election
- Vermont League of Women Voters' Candidate Survey on IRV (2002)

subset: commoncrawl


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Dancing Policeman Becomes Accidental Star of Notting Hill Carnival [VIDEO]
A policeman working the Notting Hill Carnival in England took community relations to a whole new level when he joined in with the revelers and showed off dance moves so choice that many of the carnival-goers stopped what they were doing to watch the cop get down.
The dancing policeman, who has yet to be identified by name, now has his own Facebook fan page. Check out an officer of the law getting jiggy below.
[via The Daily What]


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May 26, 2022
Looking to cool your home this summer? Check out our list of the best ductless mini-split brands for your home.


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Dakine Replacement Reservoir 3L
The Dakine 3L Hydrapak design of the Replacement Reservoir is engineered to be durable and easy to use. The Shape-Loc center baffle adds some rigidity to the shape of the bladder, which cuts down on shifting of water weight while you're in motion and makes for a more resilient design. Meanwhile, the wide-mouth opening and plug-and-play connecters make it easy to fill, drain, and clean. And, of course, it's BPA- and PVC-free.
Part Numbers
Option | UPC | MPN |
Assorted / 3L | 610934456172 | D.100.4618.900.OS |


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Barnes .308 150 Grain M/LE RRLP™
RRLP bullets feature a frangible, powdered-metal copper-tin core inside a guilding metal jacket. The bullets are lead-free—often a requirement in military and LE practice environments. These open-tip bullets won't come apart in mid-air, even at very high velocities and extreme rates of spin. They combine accuracy with explosive fragmentation, and won't destroy steel practice targets.
Frangible bullets lacking a protective jacket tend to break apart inside auto-loading rifles. A major selling point for RRLP bullets is that they remain intact under the rigors of autoloader feeding and firing. They eliminate the primary cause of jammed actions and plugged barrels often experienced in firing frangible ammunition.
RRLP bullets include a 55-grain 5.56mm (.224″) bullet designed for military-style autoloaders and other firearms with rifling twist rates of 1:9" or faster. A 150-grain 7.62mm (.308″) version is intended for tactical autoloaders and bolt-action rifles with 1:12" or faster twists. There's also a 108-grain (.310") RRLP for 7.62x39mm rifles. These multi-purpose bullets are designed for shooting steel targets, competition, plinking, hunting and home defense.


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LENGTH: 2 Hours
PRICE: kr1 320,00
Contains: instructional and interactive content, demonstrations and hand-on simulated exercises.
This Web-Based Training course provides students with knowledge and experience in using the administration capabilities available in the IBM Cognos Analytics 11.0 portal. They will learn how to manage the security environment, perform deployment of application content, create and manage data server connections, view and manage runtime activities, such as schedules, and manage some system activities
If you are enrolling in a Self Paced Virtual Classroom or Web Based Training course, before you enroll, please review the Self-Paced Virtual Classes and Web-Based Training Classes on our Terms and Conditions page, as well as the system requirements, to ensure that your system meets the minimum requirements for this course. http://www.ibm.com/training/terms
Please refer to course overview
Administrators performing administrative tasks in the IBM Cognos Analytics portal
Knowledge of Web application server architectures and security systems administration Experience using the Windows operating system Experience using a Web browser Knowledge of your business requirements
1: Creating and managing team members Examine the IBM Cognos Analytics security model Examine the Cognos namespace and capabilities Work with groups and roles from the Cognos namespace2: Creating and managing content Overview of deployment Create and restore a complete backup Create and restore a partial backup in the Administration console3. Creating and managing data servers Describe runtime use of data server connections Describe data server types Create data servers Search for data servers4. Managing activities View status of current, upcoming, and past scheduled activities Cancel or suspend activities View and manage schedules Disable, set priority, remove Use my credentials to take ownership of a schedule Create a job to schedule multiple activities5. Managing system settings Enable a production environment Configure data file storage


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This is FRESH AIR.
GROSS: The Menzingers are a Philadelphia-based quartet that's just released its fifth album titled "After The Party." The collection features numerous songs about getting older, and the band has said that the album is a love letter to our 20s. Rock critic Ken Tucker has this review.
THE MENZINGERS: (Singing) In vibrant hues and subtle brush strokes of memory, the life I've painted I've sold for a quick 20. It's on display now for the privileged and the wealthy. God, I despise their reassuring, lying eyes. Our home...
KEN TUCKER, BYLINE: Boy, the Menzingers are really obsessed about their advancing age. Not for nothing is this collection called "After The Party." The party is a stand-in for youth - youthful joy, young love and being young enough to stay up all night without feeling your bones creak in the morning. I should note here that all four band members are somewhere around the age of 30, so it's not as though the Rolling Stones had suddenly decided to do a concept album on the theme of decrepitude. Or as The Menzigers sing on this song, "Tellin' Lies," where are we going to go now that our 20s are over?
THE MENZINGERS: (Singing) Oh, yeah, oh, yeah. Everything's terrible when buying marijuana makes you feel like like a criminal, when your new friends take a joke too literal, making you feel like the bad guy. Oh, oh, where are we going to go - oh, oh - now that our 20s are over? Oh, yeah, oh, yeah - all hope abandoned - I'm not young enough to be a companion. Not old enough to be a guide, what a cliche time to try. Oh, oh, where are we going to go - oh, oh - now that our 20s are over? Where we...
TUCKER: "Tellin' Lies" leads off this album and serves a dual purpose. It states the album's unifying theme of facing down the aging process. It also provides a crisp introduction to the Menzingers' sound, with vocals that are hoarsely yelled over rapidly strum guitar chords and a rhythm section that most often alternates between punk rock and Jamaican derived ska. There are times when chief songwriters Greg Barnett and Tom May actually sound much older than they are. I'm not talking about their music, but rather their vocabularies. When was the last time you heard someone use the word looker to describe an attractive person, as in she or he is a real looker?
TUCKER: On that song called, sensibly enough, "Lookers," the band tosses in a reference to Jack Kerouac and Dean Moriarty. And the callback to the Beat Generation doesn't feel cheap or unearned. Instead, it reminds you that Kerouac and the Beats cribbed the term from black musicians who used it in the sense of beaten down, exhausted or depressed. The Menzingers make their most despairing music some of their most intense and anthemic. You can hear this on the song "House On Fire," with its recurring line, waiting for your life to start, then you die.
THE MENZINGERS: (Singing) Waiting for your life to start, then you die. Whoa. Was your heart beating in the first place? Waiting for your life to start, then you die. Whoa. Was your heart beating in the first place? Lost myself in the kitchen. There's an old friend falling down the stairs. They said there's cops in the alley way. It's too late for saving us. Let it burn down. Waiting for your...
TUCKER: On a beautiful, medium-tempo song called "Black Mass," the band unfurls a melody that might have been lifted from an old Everly Brothers ballad in the 1950s. Over a drumbeat that nails down the points they want to make, they fill the song with their own sort of casual eloquence. A phrase such as you used to call me darlin', now you prefer more formal, sums up an entire relationship.
THE MENZINGERS: (Singing) We used to want to take the back roads. But now we found a distance shorter. You used to call me darlin'. Now you prefer more formal. We used to get high and stare at the moon and wonder how long it would take to walk to. But now that's like the distance between me and you.
TUCKER: What the Menzingers miss most about the youth they idealize, is a sense of innocence that will never be recaptured. Some of the music framing their words is grandiose. But to their credit, their nostalgia is mostly free of damp sentimentality. Indeed, it's a dry-eyed realism that gives "After The Party" it's true vigorousness.
The band is one step away from the realization that in the kind of rock and roll they make, aging can give you a renewed sense of purpose, to make being an adult sound as thrilling as you used to think being a kid was.
GROSS: Ken Tucker is critic at large for Yahoo TV. He reviewed "After The Party" by the Menzingers. Tomorrow on FRESH AIR, we'll talk about what it was like to work in the Obama White House and oversee the goings on of the White House campus and coordinate with the First Family, Secret Service, Military and Air Force One. My guest will be President Obama's former White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations Alyssa Mastromonaco. We'll also talk about her impressions of the Trump White House. She's written a new memoir. I hope you'll join us.
FRESH AIR's executive producer is Danny Miller. Our technical director and engineer is Audrey Bentham. Our associate producer for online media is Molly Seavy-Nesper. Roberta Shorrock directs the show. I'm Terry Gross.
THE MENZINGERS: (Singing) I guess I should tell her I'm sorry, I never showed up to the party. Yeah, I got into a misunderstanding with her old boyfriend named Charlie. Yeah, I love, I love my Juliet. But her ex-boyfriend wants me dead. But tell your men I ain't afraid to die. When I first met her, I fell in love. She smiled because she knew. We were day drinking in Brooklyn. It was death in the afternoon, yeah. I love, I love my Juliet. But her ex-boyfriend wants me dead. Charlie's army's... Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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What is this medicine?
SILDENAFIL; FLUOXETINE is known to help in treatment of impotence and premature ejaculation. Antidepressants of the SSRI (selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) class including fluoxetine have long been used off-label to delay orgasms. The product is fairly new and became available in early 2010.
What should my health care professional know before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
- bipolar disorder or a family history of bipolar disorder
- diabetes
- eye or vision problems, including a rare inherited eye disease called retinitis pigmentosa
- heart disease, angina, high or low blood pressure, a history of heart attack, or other heart problems
- kidney or liver disease
- narrow- angle glaucoma
- stroke
- suicidal thoughts or a previous suicide attempt
- an unusual reaction to sildenafil citrate, fluoxetine, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
How should I use this medicine?
Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. The dose is usually taken 1 hour before sexual activity. You should not take the dose more than once per day. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. If you have been taking this medicine regularly for some time, do not suddenly stop taking it.
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
What may interact with this medicine?
Do not take this medicine with any of the following:
- cisapride
- methscopolamine nitrate
- nitrates like amyl nitrite, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, nitroglycerin
- nitroprusside
- other sildenafil products (Revatio)
- other medicines containing fluoxetine, like Sarafem or Symbyax
- certain diet drugs like dexfenfluramine, fenfluramine, phentermine
- cisapride
- medicines called MAO Inhibitors like Carbex, Eldepryl, Marplan, Nardil, and Parnate
- pimozide
- procarbazine
- St. John's wort
- thioridazine
- tryptophan
This medicine may also interact with the following:
- certain drugs for high blood pressure
- certain drugs for the treatment of HIV infection or AIDS
- certain drugs used for fungal or yeast infections, like fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and voriconazole
- cimetidine
- erythromycin
- rifampin
- alcohol
- aspirin and aspirin-like medicines
- carbamazepine
- cyproheptadine
- dextromethorphan
- flecainide
- lithium
- medicines for diabetes
- medicines for migraine headache, like sumatriptan
- medicines for sleep
- medicines that treat or prevent blood clots like warfarin, enoxaparin, and dalteparin
- metoprolol
- NSAIDs, medicines for pain and inflammation, like ibuprofen or naproxen
- phenytoin
- propafenone
- propranolol
- vinblastine
This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care providers a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.
What should I watch for while taking this medicine?
If you notice any changes in your vision while taking this drug, call your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible.
Contact you doctor or health care professional right away if the erection lasts longer than 4 hours or if it becomes painful. This may be a sign of a serious problem and must be treated right away to prevent permanent damage.
If you experience symptoms of nausea, dizziness, chest pain or arm pain upon initiation of sexual activity after taking this medicine, you should refrain from further activity and call your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible.
Using this medicine does not protect you or your partner against HIV infection (the virus that causes AIDS) or other sexually transmitted diseases.
You may get drowsy or dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs mental alertness until you know how this medicine affects you. Do not stand or sit up quickly, especially if you are an older patient. This reduces the risk of dizzy or fainting spells.
Alcohol may interfere with the effect of this medicine. Avoid alcoholic drinks. Do not treat yourself for coughs, colds, or allergies without asking your doctor or health care professional for advice. Some ingredients can increase possible side effects.
Your mouth may get dry. Chewing sugarless gum or sucking hard candy, and drinking plenty of water may help.
This medicine may cause an increase in blood pressure. Check with your doctor or health care professional, you may be able to measure your own blood pressure and pulse. Find out what your blood pressure and heart rate should be and when you should contact him or her.
What side effects may I notice from this medicine?
Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
- allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
- breathing problems
- changes in hearing
- changes in vision, blurred vision, trouble telling blue from green color
- chest pain
- fast, irregular heartbeat or changes in blood pressure
- fever
- prolonged or painful erection (lasting more than 4 hours)
- seizures
- stomach flu-like symptoms of diarrhea, vomiting
- suicidal thoughts or other mood changes
- unusual bleeding or bruising
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
- blurred vision
- change in appetite
- diarrhea
- flushing
- headache
- indigestion
- nausea
- stuffy or runny nose
This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.
Where can I keep my medicine?
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F) away from heat and direct light. Do not freeze. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.


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Main Report
13% of online adults use Twitter, and half of Twitter users access the service on a cell phone
As of May 2011, 13% of online adults use the status update service Twitter. That represents a significant increase from the 8% of online adults who identified themselves as Twitter users the first time we asked our "stand-alone" question about Twitter adoption in November 2010.1
For the first time in our May 2011 survey, we also included a follow-up question asking cell phone-owning Twitter users2 if they access the service on their phones and found that half (54%) access the service in this way. Due to sample size limitations, we are unable to provide detailed statistics on mobile Twitter usage by different demographic groups.
Twitter adoption is particularly high among non-whites
Non-white internet users continue to have higher rates of Twitter use than their white counterparts; indeed, the Twitter adoption gap between African-Americans and whites has increased over the past six months. In November 2010, there was an eight percentage point difference in Twitter use between African-American and white internet users (13% for blacks vs. 5% for whites). By May 2011, that gap was 16 percentage points—25% of online African Americans now use Twitter, compared with 9% of such whites. African-American and Latino internet users are each significantly more likely than whites to be Twitter adopters. Even more notable: One in ten African-American internet users now visit Twitter on a typical day—that is double the rate for Latinos and nearly four times the rate for whites.
Twitter usage by those ages 25-44 has grown significantly since late 2010
Although young adults continue to have relatively high rates of Twitter usage, the number of 30-49 year olds who use the service has doubled since late 2010—from 7% of such users in November to 14% in May 2011. This growth trend is especially pronounced among 25-34 year olds—Twitter use for this cohort roughly doubled between November 2010 and May 2011, from 9% to 19%—although growth in Twitter use among internet users ages 35-44 was notable as well (from 8% in late 2010 to 14% in spring 2011). By contrast, Twitter adoption over the same time period was stable among the youngest adults (those ages 18-24) who were the most likely to use the service in our first survey.
This report is based on the findings of a survey on Americans' use of the Internet. The results in this report are based on data from telephone interviews conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates International from April 26 to May 22, 2011, among a sample of 2,277 adults, age 18 and older. Telephone interviews were conducted in English and Spanish by landline (1,522) and cell phone (755, including 346 without a landline phone). For results based on the total sample, one can say with 95% confidence that the error attributable to sampling is plus or minus 2.4 percentage points. For results based Internet users (n=1,701), the margin of sampling error is plus or minus 2.7 percentage points. In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting telephone surveys may introduce some error or bias into the findings of opinion polls.
A combination of landline and cellular random digit dial (RDD) samples was used to represent all adults in the continental United States who have access to either a landline or cellular telephone. Both samples were provided by Survey Sampling International, LLC (SSI) according to PSRAI specifications. Numbers for the landline sample were selected with probabilities in proportion to their share of listed telephone households from active blocks (area code + exchange + two-digit block number) that contained three or more residential directory listings. The cellular sample was not list-assisted, but was drawn through a systematic sampling from dedicated wireless 100-blocks and shared service 100-blocks with no directory-listed landline numbers.
New sample was released daily and was kept in the field for at least five days. The sample was released in replicates, which are representative subsamples of the larger population. This ensures that complete call procedures were followed for the entire sample. At least 7 attempts were made to complete an interview at a sampled telephone number. The calls were staggered over times of day and days of the week to maximize the chances of making contact with a potential respondent. Each number received at least one daytime call in an attempt to find someone available. For the landline sample, interviewers asked to speak with the youngest adult male or female currently at home based on a random rotation. If no male/female was available, interviewers asked to speak with the youngest adult of the other gender. For the cellular sample, interviews were conducted with the person who answered the phone. Interviewers verified that the person was an adult and in a safe place before administering the survey. Cellular sample respondents were offered a post-paid cash incentive for their participation. All interviews completed on any given day were considered to be the final sample for that day.
Weighting is generally used in survey analysis to compensate for sample designs and patterns of non-response that might bias results. A two-stage weighting procedure was used to weight this dual-frame sample. The first-stage weight is the product of two adjustments made to the data – a Probability of Selection Adjustment (PSA) and a Phone Use Adjustment (PUA). The PSA corrects for the fact that respondents in the landline sample have different probabilities of being sampled depending on how many adults live in the household. The PUA corrects for the overlapping landline and cellular sample frames.
The second stage of weighting balances sample demographics to population parameters. The sample is balanced by form to match national population parameters for sex, age, education, race, Hispanic origin, region (U.S. Census definitions), population density, and telephone usage. The White, non-Hispanic subgroup is also balanced on age, education and region. The basic weighting parameters came from a special analysis of the Census Bureau's 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) that included all households in the continental United States. The population density parameter was derived from Census 2000 data. The cell phone usage parameter came from an analysis of the January-June 2010 National Health Interview Survey. Following is the full disposition of all sampled telephone numbers:
The disposition reports all of the sampled telephone numbers ever dialed from the original telephone number samples. The response rate estimates the fraction of all eligible respondents in the sample that were ultimately interviewed. At PSRAI it is calculated by taking the product of three component rates:
- Contact rate – the proportion of working numbers where a request for interview was made
- Cooperation rate – the proportion of contacted numbers where a consent for interview was at least initially obtained, versus those refused
- Completion rate – the proportion of initially cooperating and eligible interviews that were completed
Thus the response rate for the landline sample was 13.6 percent. The response rate for the cellular sample was 11.5 percent.


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"In the wake of the horrific tragedy in Newtown - and Aurora, Columbine, and Tuscon before that - there is just no way we can not do those things in our power to prevent these massacres," Peters said. "We must have a rational and nonpartisan discussion that leads to lower rates of gun violence," he said.
Peters said he supports a comprehensive plan, such as the one proposed by President Obama. Peters supports:
• Better enforcement of existing gun laws and background checks on all gun purchases so guns don't fall into the hands of criminals and those prone to violence;
• Reasonable restrictions on the types of guns and ammunition, originally intended for our military, available to civilians;
• More attention to mental health awareness and treatment; and
• Giving local law enforcement the tools they need to reduce gun violence and to keep our schools, families and neighborhoods safe.
"I fully support the Second Amendment and the right of individuals to own guns for sporting, collection, or self-protection," Peters said. "However, law enforcement officials agree that there's no reason for civilians to have weapons of war which end up on our streets and in our neighborhoods."
Peters urged Congress to act now saying, "Let's not lose this opportunity to stand up for the families of Newtown, and for all our kids and our families."


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- 2014 INFINITI QX60 Hybrid set for world debut at upcoming New York International Auto Show
- Features INFINITI Direct Response Hybrid® one-motor / two-clutch system adapted to front-wheel drive/all-wheel drive
- Inspired design offers anticipated combined fuel economy of 26 miles per gallon, which is expected to be best-in-class for any 7-passenger luxury crossover – without any reduction in passenger or luggage space
- Offered with all-wheel drive or front-wheel drive, joins INFINITI lineup in summer 2013 with a premium over non-hybrid QX60 of about $3,000 M.S.R.P
FRANKLIN, Tenn. – INFINITI Motor Company Ltd. today announced that a new gasoline electric hybrid model will join the 2014 INFINITI QX60 premium crossover lineup in the United States this summer, following its world debut at the upcoming New York International Auto Show. With the addition of the new QX60 Hybrid to the Q70 Hybrid (currently available as the M Hybrid) and previously announced Q50 Hybrid, INFINITI will have a trio of advanced Direct Response Hybrids for the 2014 model year.
The new INFINITI QX60 Hybrid is projected to realize 26 miles per gallon fuel economy (combined city/highway driving) – a 24 percent increase over non-hybrid QX60 models and is projected to have best 7-passenger fuel efficiency in the segment.* Most significantly, it does so with absolutely no compromise of performance, interior roominess or cargo space compared to non-hybrid QX60 models. The new INFINITI QX60 Hybrid is projected to be priced about $3,000 USD above the non-hybrid models, providing reduced emissions, enhanced fuel economy and extended driving range without a major price premium.
Launched in early 2012 as the INFINITI JX35, the INFINITI QX60 has quickly become one of the most popular vehicles in the expanding luxury crossover market. It is also one of INFINITI's best-selling models, second only to the current INFINITI G line, and has grown INFINITI's presence in the premium market by capturing family buyers with its advanced 7-passenger/3-row seating and stunning exterior and interior styling.
The new QX60 Hybrid will be powered by a 2.5-liter supercharged engine and 15 kW electric motor connected to an advanced CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission). Net system horsepower is estimated at 250 horsepower. Based on technology found in the INFINITI M35h Hybrid, the QX60 Hybrid's INFINITI Direct Response Hybrid® system uses a compact Lithium-ion battery and electric motor to provide supplementary power through its one-motor/two-clutch system. The result is a delivery of power equivalent to the 3.5-liter V6 but with 4-cylinder fuel economy. An Intelligent Regenerative Braking system partially recharges the battery during vehicle braking.
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text:
Translation: DRA
1 Then calling together the twelve apostles, he gave them power and authority over all devils, and to cure diseases.
2 And he sent them to preach the kingdom of God, and to heal the sick.
3 And he said to them: Take nothing for your journey; neither staff, nor scrip, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats.
4 And whatsoever house you shall enter into, abide there, and depart not from thence.
5 And whosoever will not receive you, when ye go out of that city, shake off even the dust of your feet, for a testimony against them.
6 And going out, they went about through the towns, preaching the gospel, and healing everywhere.
7 Now Herod, the tetrarch, heard of all things that were done by him; and he was in a doubt, because it was said
8 By some, that John was risen from the dead: but by other some, that Elias had appeared; and by others, that one of the old prophets was risen again.
but who is this of whom I hear such things? And he sought to see him.
10 And the apostles, when they were returned, told him all they had done. And taking them, he went aside into a desert place, apart, which belongeth to Bethsaida.
11 Which when the people knew, they followed him; and he received them, and spoke to them of the kingdom of God, and healed them who had need of healing.
12 Now the day began to decline. And the twelve came and said to him: Send away the multitude, that going into the towns and villages round about, they may lodge and get victuals; for we are here in a desert place.
13 But he said to them: Give you them to eat. And they said: We have no more than five loaves and two fishes; unless perhaps we should go and buy food for all this multitude.
14 Now there were about five thousand men. And he said to his disciples: Make them sit down by fifties in a company.
15 And they did so; and made them all sit down.
16 And taking the five loaves and the two fishes, he looked up to heaven, and blessed them; and he broke, and distributed to his disciples, to set before the multitude.
17 And they did all eat, and were filled. And there were taken up of fragments that remained to them, twelve baskets.
18 And it came to pass, as he was alone praying, his disciples also were with him: and he asked them, saying: Whom do the people say that I am?
19 But they answered, and said: John the Baptist; but some say Elias; and others say that one of the former prophets is risen again.
20 And he said to them: But whom do you say that I am? Simon Peter answering, said: The Christ of God.
21 But he strictly charging them, commanded they should tell this to no man.
22 Saying: The Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the ancients and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and the third day rise again.
23 And he said to all: If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow me.
24 For whosoever will save his life, shall lose it; for he that shall lose his life for my sake, shall save it.
25 For what is a man advantaged, if he gain the whole world, and lose himself, and cast away himself?
26 For he that shall be ashamed of me and of my words, of him the Son of man shall be ashamed, when he shall come in his majesty, and that of his Father, and of the holy angels.
27 But I tell you of a truth: There are some standing here that shall not taste death, till they see the kingdom of God.
28 And it came to pass about eight days after these words, that he took Peter, and James, and John, and went up into a mountain to pray.
29 And whilst he prayed, the shape of his countenance was altered, and his raiment became white and glittering.
30 And behold two men were talking with him. And they were Moses and Elias,
31 Appearing in majesty. And they spoke of his decease that he should accomplish in Jerusalem.
32 But Peter and they that were with him were heavy with sleep. And waking, they saw his glory, and the two men that stood with him.
33 And it came to pass, that as they were departing from him, Peter saith to Jesus: Master, it is good for us to be here; and let us make three tabernacles, one for thee, and one for Moses, and one for Elias; not knowing what he said.
34 And as he spoke these things, there came a cloud, and overshadowed them; and they were afraid, when they entered into the cloud.
35 And a voice came out of the cloud, saying: This is my beloved Son; hear him.
36 And whilst the voice was uttered, Jesus was found alone. And they held their peace, and told no man in those days any of these things which they had seen.
37 And it came to pass the day following, when they came down from the mountain, there met him a great multitude.
38 And behold a man among the crowd cried out, saying: Master, I beseech thee, look upon my son, because he is my only one.
39 And lo, a spirit seizeth him, and he suddenly crieth out, and he throweth him down and teareth him, so that he foameth; and bruising him, he hardly departeth from him.
40 And I desired thy disciples to cast him out, and they could not.
41 And Jesus answering, said: O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you, and suffer you? Bring hither thy son.
42 And as he was coming to him, the devil threw him down, and tore him.
43 And Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, and cured the boy, and restored him to his father.
44 And all were astonished at the mighty power of God. But while all wondered at all the things he did, he said to his disciples: Lay you up in your hearts these words, for it shall come to pass, that the Son of man shall be delivered into the hands of men.
45 But they understood not this word; and it was hid from them, so that they perceived it not. And they were afraid to ask him concerning this word.
46 And there entered a thought into them, which of them should be greater.
47 But Jesus seeing the thoughts of their heart, took a child and set him by him,
48 And said to them: Whosoever shall receive this child in my name, receiveth me; and whosoever shall receive me, receiveth him that sent me. For he that is the lesser among you all, he is the greater.
49 And John, answering, said: Master, we saw a certain man casting out devils in thy name, and we forbade him, because he followeth not with us.
50 And Jesus said to him: Forbid him not; for he that is not against you, is for you.
51 And it came to pass, when the days of his assumption were accomplishing, that he steadfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem.
52 And he sent messengers before his face; and going, they entered into a city of the Samaritans, to prepare for him.
53 And they received him not, because his face was of one going to Jerusalem.
54 And when his disciples James and John had seen this, they said: Lord, wilt thou that we command fire to come down from heaven, and consume them?
55 And turning, he rebuked them, saying: You know not of what spirit you are.
56 The Son of man came not to destroy souls, but to save. And they went into another town.
57 And it came to pass, as they walked in the way, that a certain man said to him: I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest.
58 Jesus said to him: The foxes have holes, and the birds of the air nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head.
59 But he said to another: Follow me. And he said: Lord, suffer me first to go, and to bury my father.
60 And Jesus said to him: Let the dead bury their dead: but go thou, and preach the kingdom of God.
61 And another said: I will follow thee, Lord; but let me first take my leave of them that are at my house.
62 Jesus said to him: No man putting his hand to the plough, and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God.
Previous Chapter Gospel According to St. Luke Next Chapter


text:
Request for Comments: 7449
Category: Informational
G. Bernstein, Ed.
Grotto Networking
J. Martensson
T. Takeda
T. Tsuritani
O. Gonzalez de Dios
February 2015
Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) Requirements
for Wavelength Switched Optical Network (WSON)
Routing and Wavelength Assignment
This memo provides application-specific requirements for the Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) for the support of Wavelength Switched Optical Networks (WSONs). Lightpath provisioning in WSONs requires a Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) process. From a path computation perspective, wavelength assignment is the process of determining which wavelength can be used on each hop of a path and forms an additional routing constraint to optical light path computation. Requirements for PCEP extensions in support of optical impairments will be addressed in a separate document.
Status of This Memo
This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for informational purposes.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7449.
Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................3 2. WSON RWA Processes and Architecture .............................4 3. Requirements ....................................................5 3.1. Path Computation Type Option ...............................5 3.2. RWA Processing .............................................6 3.3. Bulk RWA Path Request/Reply ................................6 3.4. RWA Path Reoptimization Request/Reply ......................7 3.5. Wavelength Range Constraint ................................7 3.6. Wavelength Assignment Preference ...........................7 3.7. Signal-Processing Capability Restriction ...................8 4. Manageability Considerations ....................................8 4.1. Control of Function and Policy .............................8 4.2. Information and Data Models (e.g., MIB Module) .............9 4.3. Liveness Detection and Monitoring ..........................9 4.4. Verifying Correct Operation ................................9 4.5. Requirements on Other Protocols and Functional Components ..9 4.6. Impact on Network Operation ................................9 5. Security Considerations .........................................9 6. References .....................................................10 6.1. Normative References ......................................10 6.2. Informative References ....................................10 Acknowledgments....................................................11 Authors' Addresses.................................................11
1. Introduction
[RFC4655] defines the PCE-based architecture and explains how a Path Computation Element (PCE) may compute Label Switched Paths (LSPs) in networks controlled by Multiprotocol Label Switching Traffic Engineering (MPLS-TE) and Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) at the request of Path Computation Clients (PCCs). A PCC is shown to be any network component that makes such a request and may be, for instance, an optical switching element within a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) network. The PCE itself can be located anywhere within the network; it may be within an optical switching element, a Network Management System (NMS), or an Operational Support System (OSS), or it may be an independent network server.
The Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) is the communication protocol used between a PCC and PCE; it may also be used between cooperating PCEs. [RFC4657] sets out the common protocol requirements for PCEP. Additional application-specific requirements for PCEP are deferred to separate documents.
This document provides a set of application-specific PCEP requirements for support of path computation in Wavelength Switched Optical Networks (WSONs). WSON refers to WDM-based optical networks in which switching is performed selectively based on the wavelength of an optical signal.
The path in WSON is referred to as a lightpath. A lightpath may span multiple fiber links, and the path should be assigned a wavelength for each link.
A transparent optical network is made up of optical devices that can switch but not convert from one wavelength to another. In a transparent optical network, a lightpath operates on the same wavelength across all fiber links that it traverses. In such cases, the lightpath is said to satisfy the wavelength-continuity constraint. Two lightpaths that share a common fiber link cannot be assigned the same wavelength. To do otherwise would result in both signals interfering with each other. Note that advanced additional multiplexing techniques such as polarization-based multiplexing are not addressed in this document since the physical-layer aspects are not currently standardized. Therefore, assigning the proper wavelength on a lightpath is an essential requirement in the optical path computation process.
When a switching node has the ability to perform wavelength conversion, the wavelength-continuity constraint can be relaxed, and a lightpath may use different wavelengths on different links along its path from origin to destination. It is, however, to be noted that wavelength converters may be limited for cost reasons, while the number of WDM channels that can be supported in a fiber is also limited. As a WSON can be composed of network nodes that cannot perform wavelength conversion, nodes with limited wavelength conversion, and nodes with full wavelength conversion abilities, wavelength assignment is an additional routing constraint to be considered in all lightpath computations.
In this document, we first review the processes for Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) used when wavelength continuity constraints are present and then specify requirements for PCEP to support RWA. Requirements for optical impairments will be addressed in a separate document.
The remainder of this document uses terminology from [RFC4655].
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
2. WSON RWA Processes and Architecture
In [RFC6163], three alternative process architectures were given for performing routing and wavelength assignment. These are shown schematically in Figure 1, where R stands for Routing, WA for Wavelength Assignment, and DWA for Distributed Wavelength Assignment.
+-------------------+ | +-------+ +--+ | +-------+ +--+ +-------+ +---+ | | R | |WA| | | R |--->|WA| | R |--->|DWA| | +-------+ +--+ | +-------+ +--+ +-------+ +---+ | Combined | Separate Processes Separate Processes | Process | WA performed in a +-------------------+ distributed manner (a) (b) (b')
Figure 1: RWA Process Alternatives
These alternatives have the following properties and impact on PCEP requirements in this document.
(a) Combined Process (R&WA)
Path selection and wavelength assignment are performed as a single process. The requirements for PCC-PCE interaction with a PCE implementing such a combined RWA process are addressed in this document.
(b) Routing Separate from Wavelength Assignment (R+WA)
The routing process furnishes one or more potential paths to the wavelength assignment process that then performs final path selection and wavelength assignment. The requirements for PCE- PCE interaction with one PCE implementing the routing process and another implementing the wavelength assignment process are not addressed in this document.
(b') Routing and Distributed Wavelength Assignment (R+DWA)
A standard path computation (unaware of detailed wavelength availability) takes place, and then wavelength assignment is performed along this path in a distributed manner via signaling (RSVP-TE). This alternative is a particular case of R+WA and should be covered by GMPLS PCEP extensions; it does not present new WSON-specific requirements.
The various process architectures for implementing RWA have been reviewed above. Figure 2 shows one typical PCE-based implementation, which is referred to as the Combined Process (R&WA). With this architecture, the two processes of routing and wavelength assignment are accessed via a single PCE. This architecture is the base architecture from which the requirements are specified in this document.
+----------------------------+ +-----+ | +-------+ +--+ | | | | |Routing| |WA| | | PCC |<----->| +-------+ +--+ | | | | | +-----+ | PCE | +----------------------------+
Figure 2: Combined Process (R&WA) Architecture
3. Requirements
The requirements for the PCC-to-PCE interface of Figure 2 are specified in this section.
3.1. Path Computation Type Option
A PCEP request MAY include the path computation type. This can be:
(a) Both RWA, or
(b) Routing only.
This requirement is needed to differentiate between the currently supported routing with distributed wavelength assignment option and combined RWA. For the distributed wavelength assignment option, wavelength assignment will be performed at each node of the route.
3.2. RWA Processing
As discussed in Section 2, various RWA processing options should be supported in a PCEP request/reply.
(a) When the request is an RWA path computation type, the request
MUST further include the wavelength assignment options. At
minimum, the following options should be supported:
(i) Explicit Label Control (ELC) [RFC3473]
(ii) A set of recommended labels for each hop. The PCC can
select the label based on local policy.
Note that option (ii) may also be used in R+WA or R+DWA.
(b) In case of an RWA computation type, the response MUST include
the wavelength(s) assigned to the path and an indication of
which label assignment option has been applied (ELC or label
(c) In the case where a valid path is not found, the response MUST
include why the path is not found (e.g., network disconnected, wavelength not found, both, etc.). Note that 'wavelength not found' may include several sub-cases such as wavelength continuity not met, unsupported FEC/Modulation type, etc.
3.3. Bulk RWA Path Request/Reply
Sending simultaneous path requests for "routing only" computation is supported by the PCEP specification [RFC5440]. To remain consistent, the following requirements are added.
(a) A PCEP request MUST be able to specify an option for bulk RWA
path requests. A bulk path request provides an ability to
request a number of simultaneous RWA path requests.
(b) The PCEP response MUST include the path and the assigned
wavelength for each RWA path request specified in the original bulk request.
3.4. RWA Path Reoptimization Request/Reply
This section provides a number of requirements concerning RWA path reoptimization processing in PCEP.
(a) For a reoptimization request, the request MUST provide both the
path and current wavelength to be reoptimized and MAY include the following options:
(i) Reoptimize the path keeping the same wavelength(s)
(ii) Reoptimize wavelength(s) keeping the same path
(iii) Reoptimize allowing both the wavelength and the path to
(b) The corresponding response to the reoptimized request MUST
provide the reoptimized path and wavelengths even when the
request asked for the path or the wavelength to remain
(c) In the case that the new path is not found, the response MUST
include why the path is not found (e.g., network disconnected, wavelength not found, both, etc.). Note that 'wavelength not found' may include several sub-cases such as wavelength continuity not met, unsupported FEC/Modulation type, etc.
3.5. Wavelength Range Constraint
For any RWA computation type request, the requester (PCC) MUST be allowed to specify a restriction on the wavelengths to be used. The requester MAY use this option to restrict the assigned wavelength for explicit labels or label sets. This restriction may, for example, come from the tuning ability of a laser transmitter, any optical element, or a policy-based restriction.
Note that the requester (e.g., PCC) is not required to furnish any range restrictions.
3.6. Wavelength Assignment Preference
In a network with wavelength conversion capabilities (e.g., sparse 3R regenerators), a request SHOULD be able to indicate whether a single, continuous wavelength should be allocated or not. In other words, the requesting PCC SHOULD be able to specify the precedence of wavelength continuity even if wavelength conversion is available.
(a) An RWA computation type request MAY include the requester
preference for random assignment, descending order, ascending order, etc. A response SHOULD follow the requester preference unless it conflicts with the operator's policy.
(b) A request for two or more paths MUST allow the requester to
include an option constraining the paths to have the same wavelength(s) assigned. This is useful in the case of protection with a single transponder (e.g., 1+1 link disjoint paths).
3.7. Signal-Processing Capability Restriction
Signal-processing compatibility is an important constraint for optical path computation. The signal type for an end-to-end optical path must match at the source and at the destination.
The PCC MUST be allowed to specify the signal type at the endpoints (i.e., at the source and at the destination). The following signal- processing capabilities should be supported at a minimum:
- Modulation Type List
- FEC Type List
The PCC MUST also be allowed to state whether transit modification is acceptable for the above signal-processing capabilities.
4. Manageability Considerations
Manageability of WSON RWA with PCE must address the following considerations.
4.1. Control of Function and Policy
In addition to the parameters already listed in Section 8.1 of [RFC5440], a PCEP implementation SHOULD allow configuring the following PCEP session parameters on a PCC:
- The ability to send a WSON RWA request.
In addition to the parameters already listed in Section 8.1 of [RFC5440], a PCEP implementation SHOULD allow configuring the following PCEP session parameters on a PCE:
- The support for WSON RWA.
- The maximum number of bulk path requests associated with WSON RWA per request message.
These parameters may be configured as default parameters for any PCEP session the PCEP speaker participates in, or may apply to a specific session with a given PCEP peer or a specific group of sessions with a specific group of PCEP peers.
4.2. Information and Data Models
As this document only concerns the requirements to support WSON RWA, no additional MIB module is defined in this document. However, the corresponding solution document will list the information that should be added to the PCE MIB module defined in [RFC7420].
4.3. Liveness Detection and Monitoring
This document does not define any new mechanisms that imply any new liveness detection and monitoring requirements in addition to those already listed in Section 8.3 of [RFC5440].
4.4. Verifying Correct Operation
This document does not define any new mechanisms that imply any new verification requirements in addition to those already listed in Section 8.4 of [RFC5440]
4.5. Requirements on Other Protocols and Functional Components
If PCE discovery mechanisms ([RFC5089] and [RFC5088]) were to be extended for technology-specific capabilities, advertising WSON RWA path computation capability should be considered.
4.6. Impact on Network Operation
This document does not define any new mechanisms that imply any new network operation requirements in addition to those already listed in Section 8.6 of [RFC5440].
5. Security Considerations
This document has no requirement for a change to the security models within PCEP [RFC5440]. However, the additional information distributed in order to address the RWA problem represents a disclosure of network capabilities that an operator may wish to keep private. Consideration should be given to securing this information.
Solutions that address the requirements in this document need to verify that existing PCEP security mechanisms adequately protect the additional network capabilities and must include new mechanisms as necessary.
6. References
6.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. [RFC4655] Farrel, A., Vasseur, J.-P., and J. Ash, "A Path Computation Element (PCE)-Based Architecture", RFC 4655, August 2006, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4655>. [RFC5440] Vasseur, JP., Ed., and JL. Le Roux, Ed., "Path Computation Element (PCE) Communication Protocol (PCEP)", RFC 5440, March 2009, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5440>.
6.2. Informative References
[RFC3473] Berger, L., Ed., "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Signaling Resource ReserVation Protocol- Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) Extensions", RFC 3473, January 2003, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3473>. [RFC4657] Ash, J., Ed., and J. Le Roux, Ed., "Path Computation Element (PCE) Communication Protocol Generic Requirements", RFC 4657, September 2006, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4657>. [RFC5088] Le Roux, JL., Ed., Vasseur, JP., Ed., Ikejiri, Y., and R. Zhang, "OSPF Protocol Extensions for Path Computation Element (PCE) Discovery", RFC 5088, January 2008, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5088>. [RFC5089] Le Roux, JL., Ed., Vasseur, JP., Ed., Ikejiri, Y., and R. Zhang, "IS-IS Protocol Extensions for Path Computation Element (PCE) Discovery", RFC 5089, January 2008, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5089>. [RFC6163] Lee, Y., Ed., Bernstein, G., Ed., and W. Imajuku, "Framework for GMPLS and Path Computation Element (PCE) Control of Wavelength Switched Optical Networks (WSONs)", RFC 6163, April 2011, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6163>. [RFC7420] Koushik, A., Stephan, E., Zhao, Q., King, D., and J. Hardwick, "Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) Management Information Base (MIB) Module", RFC 7420, December 2014, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7420>.
The authors would like to thank Adrian Farrel, Cycil Margaria, and Ramon Casellas for many helpful comments that greatly improved the content of this document.
Authors' Addresses
Young Lee (editor)
Huawei Technologies
5340 Legacy Drive, Building 3
Plano, TX 75245
United StatesPhone: (469) 277-5838 EMail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Greg Bernstein (editor)
Grotto Networking
Fremont, CA
United StatesPhone: (510) 573-2237 EMail: email@example.com
Jonas Martensson
Isafjordsgatan 22
164 40 Kista
SwedenEMail: firstname.lastname@example.com Tomonori Takeda NTT Corporation 3-9-11, Midori-Cho Musashino-Shi, Tokyo 180-8585 Japan EMail: email@example.com Takehiro Tsuritani KDDI R&D Laboratories, Inc. 2-1-15 Ohara Kamifukuoka Saitama, 356-8502 Japan Phone: +81-49-278-7806 EMail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Oscar Gonzalez de Dios
Distrito Telefonica, ed. Sur 3, Pta 3, Ronda de la Comunicacion Madrid, 28050
SpainPhone: +34 913129647 EMail: email@example.com


text: CALL FOR PAPERS AND PARTICIPATION AT SSGRR CONFERENCES IN YEAR 2003 The SSGRR (Scuola Superiore G Reiss Romoli) Congress Center, Telecom Italia Learning Services, L'Aquila (near Rome), ITALY (www.ssgrr.it). Respected Dr. We are honored to invite you to submit and present your paper(s) at the two SSGRR conferences specified below: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ADVANCES IN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ELECTRONIC BUSINESS, EDUCATION, SCIENCE, MEDICINE, AND MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES ON THE INTERNET WINTER Conference 2003: >From Monday January 6 at 5pm till Sunday January 12 at 10am To submit paper or ask questions: ssgrr2003w at rti7020.etf.bg.ac.yu Keynotes: Lyman (Berkeley), Neuhold (Frauhofer), Neal (Tufts Medical School), ... SUMMER Conference 2003: >From Monday July 28 at 5pm till Sunday August 3 at 10am To submit paper or ask questions: ssgrr2003s at rti7020.etf.bg.ac.yu Keynotes: Kroto (Nobel Laureate), Patt (IEEE Eckert-Mauchly Laureate), Carlton (US Air Force Surgeon General), ... For details, see IEEE COMPUTER, Aug 2002 (page 33) and the WWW site www.ssgrr.it (written carefully+precisely, with answers to all FAQ). Check with past participants (their names/emails are on the WWW). Most of them believe this is the most interesting, rewarding, and definitely the most hospitable conference they ever attended! Fast professional and peer review in 15 days. Capacity of the SSGRR congress center is 200 participants. The list of participants will be closed after 200 papers accepted. Consequently, SUBMIT YOUR PAPER(S) AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE! ______________________________________________________________________ Location (see WWW for details): SSGRR is the DE-LUX congress and education center of the Telecom Italia Learning Services, located about 60 miles from Rome, near Gran Sasso (the highest Appenini peak), with fast access to the major Appenini ski resorts (in winters, 15 minutes by car), and Adriatic sea beaches (in summers, 45 minutes by car). Keynotes (see WWW for details): A Nobel Laureate was the keynote speaker each year in the past (Jerome Friedman of MIT, Robert Richardson of Cornell, etc...), and the major 2003 keynote is also reserved for a Nobel Laureate (Harry Kroto from United Kingdom). Other 2003 keynote speakers are Yale Patt from UofTexas at Austin (an IEEE Eckert-Mauchly Laureate), Paul Carlton (US Air Force Surgeon General), etc. Schedule (see WWW for details): Monday = Arrival day, registration, and cocktail Tuesday = Gran Sasso Nat'l Lab tour, tutorials, and opening ceremony Wednesday/Thursday/Friday = Presentation of research papers Saturday = Tutorials and peripathetic discussions Sunday = Departure day Deadlines (see WWW for details): For title and abstract (about 100 words): October 30, 2002 (for Winter 2003) April 30, 2003 (for Summer 2003) For papers (IEEE Transactions format, min 4 pages, max 1MB): November 20, 2002 (for Winter 2003) May 30, 2003 (for Summer 2003) For payment (stay, and fee if applicable): December 10, 2002 (for Winter 2003) June 30, 2003 (for Summer 2003) Payment (see WWW for details): No conference fee for those with papers to present (others: euro600). No fee for tutorials. All participants must stay inside SSGRR (no outside stays allowed). Full 6-day stay (from Monday evening till Sunday breakfast): euro1200. A 5-day stay (without one tutorial day): euro1000. Minimal 4-day stay (for research papers only): euro 800. Favourable conditions for accompanying persons (see the WWW). For late payment rules see the WWW. Important (see WWW for details): When submitting your paper, insert the 3-letter field code (exact codes on WWW), so the placement of papers per sessions is more efficient. Insert your WWW site URL (if you have one). If you submit a paper, you will get 2 other papers for a fast review (in up to 10 days). Your presentation time is 25 minutes, plus 5 minutes for discussions. Chairman of the session is the presenter of the last paper in that session. Moving of presentation slots is not permitted (in cases of non-show-up). If you like to be reinvited for a future SSGRR conference, let us know. If you like to be removed from the list, please let us know, too. WE HOPE TO SEE YOU AT SSGRR! Professor Veljko Milutinovic, General Chairman ---


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Singer Gerard Way's "pop up" imprint at DC Comics will roar to life once again in July, as the publisher has announced more Doom Patrol and two new titles under the Young Animal banner.
"We are thrilled to revitalize Doom Patrol, and to present both Collapser and Far Sector, two books that push the medium of comics and their respective genres through uncharted territory," Way said in the press release. "Readers can expect everything from high doses of cosmic weirdness and positivity, to deep examinations of anxiety and emotions while wielding immense power, to sci-fi explorations of authority and control and what it means to be a guardian while a world hangs in delicate balance. More fantastic comics outside the norm, as only DC's Young Animal can do."
More details on the new titles can be found below.
Written by: Gerard Way and Jeremy Lambert
Art by: James Harvey followed by Doc Shaner, Nick Pitarra, Becky Cloonan and more
Series debut: July 3, 2019
Gerard Way and the World's Strangest Super Heroes return in an all-new series that takes them beyond the borders of time and space! The Doom Patrol will go on an epic road trip around the solar system, facing off against the unusual and bizarre including the fanatical fitness fiends of planet Orbius and the Marathon Eternal. Big changes are coming for these unusual heroes, including Robotman coming to terms with his new life as a human.
Written by: Mikey Way and Shaun Simon
Art by: Ilias Kyriazis
Series debut: July 17, 2019
Liam James is a wannabe DJ whose life goals are almost completely dashed by his crippling anxiety—until a package arrives in the mail containing a black hole that gives him amazing powers and draws him into a cosmic conflict far beyond anything he'd ever imagined. But Liam will discover that when it comes to life, love, mental health and superhero responsibilities, there's no such thing as a quick fix, and that power comes with a cost.
Written by: N.K. Jemisin
Art by: Jamal Campbell
Series debut: 2019
Newly chosen Green Lantern Sojourner "Jo" Mullein has been protecting the City Enduring, a massive metropolis of 20 billion people, for the past six months. The City has maintained peace for over 500 years by stripping its citizens of their ability to feel. As a result, violent crime is virtually unheard of, and murder is nonexistent.
But that's all about to change.
This new series introduces a dizzying game of politics and philosophies as Jo discovers a brewing revolution in the City, aided and abetted by some of its most powerful citizens.


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Shop all your favourite Latin American groceries from the comfort of home. Set up your preferred pick up time and we'll bring the groceries
right to your car. Or pick up in-store and check out our selection of fresh, hot foods. Take the headache out of grocery shopping. Browse our products today!
Please note, orders placed before 12-noon will be available for same-day pickup, while orders placed after noon will be available the next day.
Showing 1–16 of 33 results
Monday to Friday 9am-6pm
Saturday 9am-5pm
Sunday 11am-4pm


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VaultWare, a provider of apartment marketing and leasing solutions, recently announced support for 3rd party apps within their premium website offering, specifically mentioning TurnSocial as an example of how customers can make their website more interactive. We're honored to be mentioned as the featured app!
VaultWare's support for services like TurnSocial illustrates the increasing desire of multifamily companies to incorporate social and location-based media into their websites, and further establishes TurnSocial as the go-to product for accomplishing this somewhat complicated task with ease. We're proud to add VaultWare to our list of partners focused on building value in the multifamily housing industry, and look forward to a great year ahead as we continue to roll out innovative features targeted directly at property management professionals.
To learn more about Vaultware, visit their website by clicking here. If you're a business owner or agency interested in working with us on a custom solution for your customers, please reach out to me directly to discuss the opportunity at


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The routing number for the America First Federal Credit Union can be found here – America First Federal Credit Union Routing Numbers
Routing number is a 9 digit number generally found at the bottom-left corner of the paper check. It is also used to identify a bank uniquely. It is also called ABA number as it is allocated by American Bankers Association. Routing numbers are sometimes also referred to as "Check Routing Numbers", "ABA Numbers", or "Routing Transit Numbers" (RTN). Routing numbers may differ depending on where your account was opened and the type of transaction made.


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The case for walking in order to achieve better health is not new. Doctors and fitness experts have been touting its benefits for decades. When you walk, you engage more than 200 muscles – this includes your pelvis and spine. This makes it an exceptional complement to chiropractic treatment. However, if you aren't convinced, these five compelling reasons that chiropractic patients should walk are sure to win you over.
Help with Weight Management and Weight Loss
When you are carrying around excess weight it can lead to back pain and impaired mobility. Fat around your middle, especially in the stomach area, throws your body off balance. There is extra weight in front and it pulls that portion of your body forward, causing a swayback effect.
The pain in the lower back that is caused by this pressure can be excruciating. Over the long term this can cause damage to your spine and cause misalignment. While girdles or slings may help, the permanent remedy is to lose the weight. Walking is an excellent, low impact exercise that helps you lose weight, stay active, and stay healthy.
Better Mobility and Flexibility
As we age we become less flexible and we don't have the mobility of youth. As you walk, your circulation increases and that helps improve flexibility and mobility.
Add a little light stretching to the mix, along with regular chiropractic treatments and you will have a much better range of motion. Your posture will improve and you will reduce your chance of injury during physical activity. All this greatly enhances your spinal health making walking a great complement to chiropractic care.
Relief of Back Pain
Back pain is one of the top reasons that Americans miss work and worldwide it is the number one cause of disability. It is also expensive. Each year, Americans spend upwards of $50 billion trying to escape back pain.
Walking is recommended by the American Chiropractic Association (ACA) to help ease back pain. It is a very good, low impact exercise that helps you manage your weight and stay active – excess weight can cause your back to hurt. Walking helps relieve back pain, but it can help to prevent it as well. Even walking for just 30 minutes a day 3 to 5 times a week is beneficial.
Spinal Disk Rehydration
There are small, fluid filled disks that lie between each vertebrae, acting as a cushion. As you move about during the day, gravity and certain movements cause your spinal disks to compress, squeezing the water out of them. This can lead to back pain and mobility issues.
The increased circulation from walking helps to force water into this area and the disks absorb that water and are rehydrated. This allows them to continue doing what they are supposed to – act as shock absorbers for your spine. It also helps if you drink plenty of water and stay hydrated throughout the day.
Improved Circulation
Good circulation is integral to spinal health as well as a properly functioning central nervous system. When you walk it increases your circulation allowing your blood to carry vital nutrients to your spine, organs, and your entire body. The soft tissues are enriched and nourished as toxins are flushed out.
Another benefit of this increased circulation is a decrease in blood pressure. It brings your body into balance so your muscles, ligaments, and joints are nourished. This, in turn, helps to make your chiropractic treatments more productive and beneficial.
Walking is beneficial for whole body wellness. It can help you reduce your risk of many serious health conditions including diabetes, heart attack, stroke, and high blood pressure. It is also great for giving you a mental health boost and make you less prone to osteoporosis. So commit to walking just 30 minutes a day, 3 to 5 days a week. You will be astounded at the difference it will make.
This article is copyrighted by Blogging Chiros LLC for its Doctor of Chiropractic members and may not be copied or duplicated in any manner including printed or electronic media, regardless of whether for a fee or gratis without the prior written permission of Blogging Chiros, LLC.


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I Am A Woman!
So what?
I get into an argument with a man, he slaps me, I feel the pain, yet they tell me I provoked him. I should have been quiet, I should have been patient. I should apologize to him.
I get into an argument with a man, I slap him, they tell me I have no respect, no home training. I should have been quiet, I should have been patient. I should apologize to him.
Because I am a woman, I don't have a right to be angry. So, the degree of my innocence is directly proportional to the degree of my silence in the face of oppression and brutality…
Because I am a woman, my husband cheats on me, I am told to tolerate it to save my marriage. The barbaric and stupid excuse is that
"It is in their nature to cheat, I should slim down, dress better, cook better, pray harder and be more pleasant to him"
I cheat, and I am called a whore, I have committed an abomination, I have no right to look elsewhere for the love and emotional support I lack at home, I am an irresponsible mother.
So I am sent packing, from the home we both built, with all my earthly possessions stuffed into a tiny box on my head. I am henceforth forbidden from seeing my two older children, I'm lucky to be allowed to go with my little one still suckling on my left breast. Three years later, the little one is tagged a bastard. Now, my new name is "after-three", because I am a woman.
He is 28 and runs a company. He's tagged wonderful, hardworking, focused, career oriented, successful at a very young age.
I am 28 and I run a company " Hmmmm, she is not even married, unserious, can not order her priorities right, a hustler, loves money, let her go and get a husband oh"
And I wonder if being successful has anything to do with a person's gender.
Because I am a woman
I am not allowed to have wits or be a prodigy, I cannot be financially buoyant, professionally successful or be treated with respect without a man beside me.
Then I am tagged a generous leg opener, "a runs girl". They never see the possibility that I actually had to go through ups and downs to get to where I am.
Because I am a woman
A man looses his wife to death and remarries a year after, he did the right thing, he's being praised and congratulated for moving on, after all life is for the living.
A woman looses her husband to death and remarries after 4 years, "ahhh! so early? Are you sure she wasn't sleeping with that man even when her husband was alive? That was why she killed her husband. She's a witch!" Because she's a woman
Because I am a woman
This post will be considered controversial, and everyone will try to correct me.
But don't forget, that I am a woman and it does not make me less human!!!


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Classico Linen Kaftan
Classico Linen Kaftan
- 100% Pure Linen
- No Buttons
- No Buttonholes
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Our warehouse is located in Cyprus which makes the logistics easier and reduces our carbon footprint as a company.
The usual shipping times are:
- United States: 2-4 business days
- Europe: 1-2 business days
- Rest of the world: 2-6 business days
100% Pure Linen
- Wash up to 40*C
- Wash with similar colors
- Dry on a hanger
- Do not bleach
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- Iron on low heat
- If you wish to keep the wrinkled look do not iron
Let customers speak for us
from 18 reviewsDELICIOUS COLORS AND THE SIZE IS JUST RIGHT FOR ME!I ADORE THE CRAFTSMANSHIP AND THE TEXTURE OF THE LINEN.
I'm so pleased you started selling mid length kaftans, I must admit the other ones I bought from you I changed the length to suit me. Keep up the good work great products.
This is my 3rd purchase. I now have 7 kaftans. Great quality and perfect to throw on for the beach. The best ever.
Love my dress! Quality is outstanding. Was my 2 beach dress. Love them.
I found the jumpsuit to be well constructed, light to wear on a hot summer day/night, and comfortable. Although I'm male I wanted to see if I could make it work for wear when in the veggie garden. For me, I need 2 more inches in leg length, 2 more inches in arm length, and 6 less inches in torso as I'm built like a flat tall lanky board. Will research option for special order because I can see how they would be great to wear.
I would wear my kaftans (I own 3 and bought my husband 2 more) day in day out. Soooo confortable and practical. Love them
A tad expensive but god do I love them.
I love my Jeff kaftan... I'm a 10 and the medium fits perfectly. The linen is of top quality and the cut and feel of the garment are gorgeous. The front slit is a bit low for me, so I'll probably sew it up a little, as I'd like to wear the kaftan out and about, but that's a minor, very personal thing!


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13 unsung Telecaster legends
Frank Black
MusicRadar's gallery of 28 Telecaster legends tips a hat to Leo Fender's pioneering debut solidbody and the Tele-playing stars who helped to create and nurture the guitar's iconic status. But what about the unsung heroes who've been bearing that Tele-shaped torch without the recognition they deserve?
We asked, you answered, and this is a gallery of the results: the top 13 unsung Telecaster legends as voted for by you. First up: Frank Black…
Pixies frontman and prolific solo artist and producer Frank Black (sometimes known as Black Francis, only known to Wikipedia as Charles Michael Kittridge Thompson IV) is as much an alternative rock icon as he is a Telecaster-wielding legend. Even if he is a reluctant endorsee of the latter: "I ended up at a Tele and it's probably appropriate but I don't know if I gave it much thought," Black told MusicRadar from a darkened tour bus in 2009.
In fact, he only chose a Tele in the first place because "I found a Telecaster for $400… a Japanese-made Fender Telecaster from the early 1980s that had [modified] humbuckers. I tend to play vintage guitars now - I have these piezo pickups that create a faux acoustic sound."
Regardless, anyone capable of making some of the best albums of all time (and inspiring Kurt Cobain to write Smells Like Teen Spirit in the process) is more than welcome in this list. Even if we do have to drag him in kicking and screaming…
You can listen to MusicRadar's podcast with frank Black here.
Your votes:
"My suggestion would be Frank Black (Pixies)." (Thanks, jfarrar)
"What? No Frank Black? What? Am I missing something? (Thanks, loftandlost)
"There's also Frank Black. Reinvented alt-rock. How he's not in the original list is beyond me." (Thanks, loftandlost)
"Frank Black. His pixies and solo records have Telecasters all over them." (Thanks, jtc720)
Next: Jeff Buckley
Jeff Buckley
Jeff Buckley was recording demos for his second album, My Sweetheart The Drunk, around the time when he was found dead in the Mississippi River in 1997. Cue worldwide mourning for the loss of a nascent talent, posthumous release overkill (including his spine-tingling cover of Hallelujah) and the story behind the tool of Jeff Buckley's unmistakable sound and tone: his Fender Telecaster.
Actually, the Blonde 1983 USA top loader Tele wasn't 'his' at all: Buckley borrowed it from a friend, Janine Nicholls, after his valuables were stolen from his LA apartment. However, the guitar was eventually returned to Ms Nicholls following the star's untimely death, where it has remained mostly untouched in its broken case.
Dutch radio producer Botte Jellema is one of a tiny few privileged enough to see it, let alone play it: "I noticed that Jeff had adjusted and tweaked the instrument to perfection, as it played with ease and delight," writes Jellema. "A truly unforgettable experience."
Your votes:
"Already said, but come on, where's Jeff Buckley? This is a man who on 'Live at Sin-e', just had a blonde Tele he'd borrowed off a mate, an amp with a bit of reverb, and a mic, and showed that this is all you need to make fantastic music. A genius." (Thanks, loftandlost)
"The other legendary Tele Player would be the wonderful Jeff Buckley, who before he decided to grace us with his amazing voice, plied his trade as an axeman for hire." (Thanks, ojc)
"Jeff Buckley - witness his version of Strange Fruit." (From Adam via Facebook, thanks)
"How could you not mention Jeff Buckley? He had a fantastic sound, and he penned some fantastic chord/riff driven songs that where imensely influential, and he was as influential in exposing the world to the New York music scene as Nirvana was in exposing the Seattle scene to the world.
"He was a musician's singer/songwriter, going on Terry Gilliam'ish musical trails of thought in the middle of songs, playing jazz, punk, metal, progrock and whatnot before going on with the show, which just shows the eclectic influences that inspired his music.
"Personally, that showed me that the best all-round guitar you can have when you are playing clean sounds is not a Strat but a Tele. And the man could definitely compose AND play. Have you ever tried to play Grace or just tried to figure out the chords? A lot of those Tele heroes you mentioned in your round-up would have a hard [time] playing some of his songs. Not to mention singing the way he did while playing the way he did.
"And Grace is on the very top on the list of most influential records of the 90's: Radiohead's Thom Yorke told Zoo Magazine back in '97 that the whole of OK Computer was inspired by Jeff Buckley. Chris Cornell was a big fan of Jeff Buckley. So are Rufus Wainwright, PJ Harvey, Kashmir and most if not all alternative bands of the noughties." (Thanks, Haffa)
Next: Chrissie Hynde
Chrissie Hynde
Few electric guitars are as well-suited to singer-songwriters as the Telecaster. The simplicity of its design, its bright, ringing tones and its all-out chordal punch make it ideally suited for rhythm and riffs. Akron, Ohio-born Chrissie Hynde has played numerous standard US Telecasters over the years and the distinctive jangle of her playing pervades The Pretenders' extensive back catalogue.
Hynde herself has spoken little of the particular models she has played, telling MusicRadar in 2008: "I don't know anything about guitars, really. A guitar is just a thing, a tool."
Despite this, her blue Tele with mirror scratchplate has been cited as a favourite, while other US Teles in Hynde's arsenal include a white model with white scratchplate, a candy apple red model with white binding and a butterscotch model with black scratchplate. All have rosewood fretboards.
You can read MusicRadar's full Q&A with Chrissie Hynde here.
Your votes:
"And how about Chrissie Hynde?" (Thanks, loftandlost)
"Chrissie Hynde deserves some love from this list." (From Olly via email, thanks)
Next: Mick Green
Mick Green
Mick Green came to prominence with Johnny Kidd And The Pirates and in the late '70s and early '80s experienced something of a renaissance. Green's unique technique was based around a choppy simultaneous rhythm and lead attack, a style which had a colossal influence on Wilko Johnson.
From the '70s onwards, Green played a natural finish Fender Telecaster Custom with black scratchplate. The neck humbucker helped give him his trademark flat, growling sound. In the '80s and '90s he played with Paul McCartney and Peter Green.
Mick Green sadly died in January 2010. As his son Brad noted in a eulogy on his father's website, "heaven just got a bit louder."
Your votes:
"We definitely should have Wilko Johnson and Mick Green in the list." (Thanks, pnorman)
"Well, if we're having Wilko Johnson, we should definitely include Mick Green. Unsung hero, no doubt about it." (From Nigel via email, thanks)
Next: Wilko Johnson
Wilko Johnson
Few guitarists have demonstrated the dynamism and aggressive cut of the Telecaster quite as successfully as Wilko Johnson, goggle-eyed stage dervish with electrifying proto-punk R&B outfit Dr Feelgood. Johnson's hero was the aformentioned Mick Green, and it was Green's style that inspired Johnson's attacking staccato, rhythmic style.
Joe Strummer of The Clash was so bowled over by Johnson's style that he opted for a Tele as his guitar of choice.
Johnson's trademark guitar is a black '60s Tele with rosewood fretboard and red or black scratchplate - here's a wry clip of Wilko's guitar being restored by Philippe Dubreuille. Meanwhile, for a glimpse of what made Wilko's rhythm style truly great, you need look no further than this.
Your votes:
"What? No Wilko Johnson..." (Thanks, Fretwired)
"Wilko Johnson." (Thanks, bbcoz)
"We definitely should have Wilko Johnson and Mick Green in the list." (Thanks, pnorman)
Next: Gilby Clarke
Gilby Clarke
Let's be absolutely frank here, Telecasters are not the first guitar you'd associate with rock or metal outfits. But during his three-year tenure with Guns N' Roses from 1991-94, Gilby Clarke frequently played Teles. The man he replaced, Izzy Stradlin, was also an occasional Tele user, and he can be seen sporting an ESP copy with a Floyd and humbuckers in the Sweet Child O' Mine video.
Clarke's models over the years have included a late-'90s ESP Vintage Plus Tele. This mid-set duet with Slash on Wild Horses is a beaut.
Your votes:
"...and maybe Gilby Clarke." (Thanks, Gallagher)
"Gilby Clarke. GN'R have had their fair share of guitarists over the years and Clarke was as good a legend as many of 'em. And he often played Teles, of course." (From Michael via email, thanks)
Next: Chris Walla and Ben Gibbard
Chris Walla and Ben Gibbard
Telecasters abound within the ranks of American indie heroes Death Cab For Cutie. Lead vocalist Ben Gibbard's guitar collection boasts both brown and black '70s Thinlines and several G&L copies, although he's not been averse to hurling Telecasters across the stage in the past.
No such petulance from guitarist and producer Chris Walla. His list of gear includes a 2001 US '52 reissue Tele with a Harmonic Design Z90 pickup in the bridge. Walla's "favourite guitar for years" is a Mexican Tele that he bought new in 1993. "It has a very particular 'thing' about it," Walla says. "Lots of mids, not a lot of sustain. It's not really a very nice piece of wood, but it's mine and I love it."
You can listen to MusicRadar's podcast with Chris Walla here.
Your votes:
"Ben Gibbard and Chris Walla from Death Cab For Cutie both use Telecasters fairly exclusively. Ok so Ben uses G&L but its the same thing! Listen to Transatlanticism - some incredible sounds, all produced through Telecasters." (Thanks, jameshalliday89)
"DCFC - both guitarists use Teles regularly. Amazing band." (From Chris via email, thanks)
Next: Bill Frisell
Bill Frisell
Although generally classed as a jazz player, guitarist and composer Bill Frisell has continued to span a range of genres throughout his career, having played sessions with the likes of Elvis Costello, Norah Jones, Burt Bacharach, Ginger Baker and Elvin Jones.
Frisell is known for using Telecasters through an array of effects including delay, distortion, reverb and octavers, to create idiosyncratic sounds from his instrument. Unsurprisingly, he has a range of Telecasters in his collection .
"My main one is a Mexican one," he told Fender recently. "It was like $500 and it's great. For the last seven or eight years I've mostly been playing Telecasters. I also have a Custom Shop Relic Telecaster that I've been playing for the last year or so. I shaved the neck down. I have a '74 Tele and a '66 Tele as well. They're so simple, everything just works, and so versatile. I can get just about everything I want out of it."
Your votes:
"Bill Frisell." (Thanks, bbcoz)
"Bill Frisell highlights how versatile the Telecaster is - from country twang to overdriven jazz fusion and delay infused ambient loops." (Thanks, Fretwired)
"Bill Frisell." (Thanks, colski)
"Bill Frisell." (Thanks, ZombyWoof)
"Never miss out Bill Frisell." (From Hollosy via Facebook, thanks)
Next: John Jorgenson
John Jorgenson
US guitarist Jorgenson has recorded and toured with a wealth of stellar name artists, including Elton John, The Byrds, Bob Dylan, Willy Nelson, Johnny Cash, Emmylou Harris, Barbra Streisand and Luciano Pavarotti. He first came to prominence with the Desert Rose Band in the mid-'80s.
Telecasters played a significant role in Jorgenson's guitar collection over the years. Fender honoured him in 1998 with a signature model, the Fender John Jorgenson Signature Custom Korina Telecaster.
As the title suggests, this model featured a solid Korina body as well as a maple neck with pearloid dot inlays and dual side-by-side humbucking pickups. It also featured a modified vintage-style Tele bridge and a custom five-way pickup switching system. Jorgenson's live work and a recent discussion of his technique provides a good overview of why he opts for the Tele.
Your votes:
"John Jorgenson." (Thanks, bbcoz)
"John Jorgenson had a signature Tele - if Fender think he's worth it..." (From David via email, thanks)
Next: Richie Kotzen
Richie Kotzen
Guitarist and singer-songwriter Kotzen came to prominence in 1991 when he joined the rock band Poison, co-writing and playing on their album Native Tongue. By the end of the decade, Kotzen had joined Mr Big and has since collaborated with rock, jazz and fusion artists such as Stanley Clarke.
Kotzen has used Telecasters throughout his career, most notably a Fender signature model. This guitar features an ash body, laminated flame maple caps and a one piece maple neck with abalone dot inlays and 22 super jumbo frets. It also features a DiMarzio Chopper T pickup in the bridge position and a DiMarzio Twang King in the neck position.
Kotzen's outstanding playing is in evidence on this groove-laden rendiition of The Faces' (I Know I'm Losing You).
Your votes:
"Richie Kotzen. Look beyond the REH-era shred shtick and you'll find a sublime player with uber-fusion chops, a bluesy sensibility and a voice to make the best soul singers out there shake. A different class." (Thanks, LordOfTheStance)
"Richie Kotzen - amazing player." (From Joe via email, thanks)
Next: Brent Mason
Brent Mason
US session guitarist and songwriter Mason is best known for his work in country music. Discovered by Chet Atkins, he went on to play with artists such as George Strait, Alan Jackson, Shania Twain and Neil Diamond.
Mason owns numerous guitars but frequently plays a Joe Glaser-modified 1968 Fender Telecaster that has featured on countless sessions for the last 15 years. Glaser and Mason have since collaborated on the Valley Arts Brent Mason Signature Custom Pro.
This distinctive Tele features an old Gibson mini-humbucker as the front pickup, a Seymour Duncan Hot Strat Stack as the middle pickup and a Duncan Vintage Tele Stack at the back. One unique modification is the blend control. In the back position this enables you to dial in however much of the middle pickup you want.
Watching Mason put the guitar through its paces, it's abundantly clear why he is a first-call guitarist on the Nashville scene, and a shoo-in for this list.
Your votes:
"John 5? And no Brent Mason? What are you people smoking?" (Thanks, wrriggin)
"Brent Mason." (Thanks, ZombyWoof)
"No Brent Mason? for shame!" (From Sam via Facebook, thanks)
Next: Robyn Hitchcock
Robyn Hitchcock
Flawless songwriting sensibilities and a wonderfully twisted wit are defining factors in the career of foppish English singer-songwriter Robyn Hitchcock. After coming to prominence with Cambridge band The Soft Boys in the early '80s, Hitchcock embarked on a prolific - if occasionally misfiring - musical trajectory, releasing wonderfully perceptive and innovative albums, such as I Often Dream Of Trains.
In recent years, he has recorded and toured regularly with REM's Peter Buck, Scott McCaughey and Bill Reiflin under the moniker Robyn Hitchcock And The Venus 3.
He is also a nifty guitarist and rather fond of the Fender Telecaster, as recently revealed on the Fender website. "The Telecaster chose itself for me as my favourite electric guitar, because so many of my favourite guitar riffs were played on it… It turned out all these great explosions came from Telecasters. So I bought one in 1979 and have seldom played any other electric since."
"That chunky, slightly edible look - as if a bite has been taken out of the front of the guitar - is mirrored in the sound of the instrument. Ideal for rhythm/lead, à la Mick Green of The Pirates and Wilko Johnson."
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Next: Jeff Baxter
Jeff Baxter
Jeff 'Skunk' Baxter is best known for being guitarist in Steely Dan and The Doobie Brothers, although recently - and certainly more notoriously - he has been working as a US defence consultant, chairing a Congressional Advisory Board on missile defence.
Whether Fender Telecasters ever enter the mind of Skunk these days is uncertain although it was certainly his instrument of choice in his pre-theatre of war existence. He once worked as a guitar repairman and was known as a major tweaker of his own instruments.
One upshot of this was 'Skunk-a-sonic' Teles, handwound and configured for his own particular sonic tastes. Other refinements included removing all the factory frets and re-radiusing the fretboard from its standard 7.25" to a flatter radius, and then refretting with larger wire. Here is the Skunk, rocking out on Reelin' In The Years with Steely Dan in 1978.
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