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When a company functions at a high level, productivity and profitability appear seamless. But it's also incumbent on decision-makers to understand the potential ramifications for business disruption. Without a working knowledge of how a breakdown in one area of an operation impacts the other moving parts, viable solutions remain out of reach. Determined industry leaders take proactive measures to conduct a business impact analysis (BIA), so they are prepared for adversity.
Importance of a BIA
One of the primary reasons that some organizations fail to conduct the initial and subsequent BIAs is that it seems abstract. It's common for CEOs and other decision-makers to have earned their position through experience and expertise. That offers a sense of confidence they can captain the ship during a crisis. A decade or two ago, that may have been sound thinking. However, today's technology-driven companies are far removed from nuts and bolts fixes.
Data loss, hackers, malware infiltration, or just lost connectivity between departments can down an outfit's productivity. Such realities create a burden to have multi-level solutions available that often are outside a CEOs area of expertise. Business leaders are wise to tap department heads to review likely and even unlikely vulnerabilities and develop a contingency plan for as many critical interruptions as imaginable. Consider this pair of foundation ideas in terms of your operation.
- Idea 1: Your company functions like a living organism with each system relying on the others for its health and vitality.
- Idea 2: Certain parts of the whole are more crucial to survival and long-term success. These areas require heightened resources.
With this anatomy analogy in mind, consider your operation with the perspective that specific departments and systems are vital. If the heart, brain, or lungs of your operation shut down, so does the entire company. Stubbing your toe, on the other hand, may only slow things. The point is that certain aspects of any business are critical, while others are support.
Once department heads are tapped to conduct a BIA due diligence and submit a report, leadership is tasked with understanding how all the moving parts work. With this in mind, first-run BIAs generally require interdepartmental meetings or communication to ensure key stakeholders are on the same page.
Motivation for Conducting BIA Due Diligence
Having the support and blessing of the leadership team remains critical to a thorough BIA. When such stakeholders view this as just an additional duty impeding their daily, profit-driving work, potential challenges are unlikely to get the due diligence necessary for improved success when a crisis occurs. Before moving forward, direct communication and articulation of why thoroughness is a priority must be established. Clarifying the following benefits of a BIA early in the process may improve team motivation.
- BIA delivers management with vital data to make real-time decisions to ensure business continuity
- BIA delivers insight about interdepartmental reliance
- BIA provides a playbook for employee roles in critical situations
- Identifies company-wide priorities for sustaining operations during crisis
- Provides a tangible road map to restore full operations
At the end of the day, the BIA removes the fear of the unknown and puts guidance in its place. That offers otherwise panicking employees the confidence their jobs are secure and empowers them to work through adversity.
Working through the Tedious BIA Process
Getting leadership and rank-and-file employees on board to undertake a BIA is not a difficult sell. The bottom line for everyday workers is that it provides a rare level of job security. Infusing that positive attitude will likely go a long way toward working through the sometimes tedious information collection process. For each department or aspect of the company, data collection is necessary.
- Lead function of a process or department
- Detailed analysis of department function and processes
- Disruption analysis and timetable regarding increased impact
- Identify interdepartmental disruption
- Analysis of the financial, legal and regulatory impact of disruption
With a detailed report, departmental leaders garner an enhanced understanding of impacts across the organization. Each department head can identify likely and unlikely disruptions and craft realistic solutions or ways to bridge crisis. This information can be compiled and shared with the goal of building a final report.
Value of a Comprehensive BIA Report
The final report moves beyond the data collection and single department solutions. The concept is to deliver a company-wide plan of action. It generally proves beneficial to make a hardcopy or online report that articulates reasoning, goals, strategies and empowers employees during duress. These are headings often found in a comprehensive BIA report.
- Executive Summary
- Analytic Methods Used
- Potential Department or Function Disruption
- Impact of Disruption
- Protocols to Mitigate Disruption
- Guidance for Organization Restoration
CEOs and other decision-makers generally enjoy enhanced confidence in their leadership abilities following a comprehensive BIA. It's also imperative to set a schedule for BIA updates and create a policy that requires emerging technologies, business developments, and other evolutions to be included in the report. In many ways, a BIA gives everyone in your organization security.


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What does Isaac Newton have to do with your latest animated project? Learn all about it with Drew Adam's post on Follow-through and Overlapping Action.
Animation Students Share Workflow Tips and Career Advice
Alum and Content Creator Sir Wade Neistadt spoke with 10 Animation Mentor students and alumni who animated shots in our Student Showcase. Lucky for us, they covered everything from practical workflow tips to career advice! We highlighted some of our favorite parts...
7 Things You Should Know About Previsualization
What is previs in animation? Previsualization or "previs" is an important tool that's essential to the movie making process. It helps directors plan sequences and camera work before principal photography even starts. Did you know that Marvel movies are all previs-ed?...
13 Podcasts Animators Should Listen to In 2021
Looking for some inspiration to jump-start your animation hobby or career? There are so many resources available to learn about animation! If you enjoy self-study you can read books on the topic, take online animation courses, and watch YouTube videos. You can also...
10 Advanced Acting Performance Tips for Animators
We have a very SPECIAL blog post from veteran mentor, Dana Boadway-Masson. She walks you through her secrets on acting and shares performance tips that will help you create believable, living and breathing characters. A must-read for any animator that needs to take it...
The Pros and Cons of Large vs. Small Animation Studios
As a young animator looking for career advice, you must have lots of questions. Some of the most common questions we hear at Animation Mentor are: Should I aim to work in a big studio or a small studio? Which one is better for learning? Which one pays more? Which one...
Dos and Don'ts For Developing Your Character Animation Reel
The field of animation is becoming more popular with each passing year. As the demand for unique and entertaining content grows, the demand for skilled animators is also on the rise. But there's a catch: this sector is also remarkably competitive! That's especially...
Top 3 Reasons You Need Creature Animation on Your Demo Reel
Just a few of the films on Shawn Kelly's IMDb page Shawn Kelly, Lead Animator at Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) and Animation Mentor Co-Founder educates us on why you need more creature animation in your demo reel and reminds us that we are all animators. Sit back,...
Animation Demo Reel Review Etiquette
So, you've secured a demo reel review at a convention, job fair, etc., but it's not just about the work! You want to make a good impression too. There are definitely do's and don'ts to abide by when getting your demo reel reviewed—learn what they are from Image Engine...
5 Things NOT to Do on Your Demo Reel
Image from Francisco Ucke's 2018 Student Showcase Shot! At Animation Mentor, we know demo reels are the most important asset you have when looking for your dream animation job! In fact, we dedicate an entire class to teaching our students how to build their own...
A Guide to Demo Reel Reviews at Animation Conventions
Heading to CTN—or any other convention—this year with your demo reel in tow? First, read these pro tips on what to bring, how to get your reel reviewed, and more from some of our own mentors and reel reviewers who have seen it al! The annual CTN animation expo in...
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Has it already been a month since the last Can Jam topic? Has it already been a WHOLE YEAR doing this challenge every month? Man, I can't believe how fast the time went by!
I'm always surprised when I make a new recipe and claim it to be my new favorite, especially since many canning and preserving recipes have the same flavor profile/ingredients, but BOY OH BOY is this good!
I wanted to kick-up the heat factor in this chutney (plus I just don't like garlic in chutneys) by substituting the original garlic for horseradish (this is allowed as long as you don't increase the total amount of non-acid ingredients). The spicy combination of the gingerroot, horseradish, and cayenne really brought this chutney to a whole new level. The tartness of the cranberries, with the sweetness of the pineapple, orange juice, and raisins balance out the spiciness and make this chutney fan-friggin-fabulous! I can't wait to try this on a ham, turkey, or deli-chicken sandwich!
So be sure to get your hands on some cranberries while they are still available and stick them in your freezer. Then, you'll be able to make this amazing recipe at any time during the year. This chutney is going to make some friends of mine very happy this Christmas.
Happy canning everyone!
Kathy's Spicy Cranberry Chutney
Recipe source/modified from: "Ball Complete Book of Home Preserving"
Makes 6 half-pints
3 cups fresh or frozen cranberries
1 ¼ cups finely chopped onion
1 ¼ cups chopped, candied pineapple
1 tablespoon prepared horseradish (Note: original recipe called for 3 cloves garlic, minced)
2 tablespoons fresh gingerroot, minced
1 teaspoon grated orange zest
¼ cup freshly squeezed orange juice (use zested orange)
1 cup red wine vinegar
1 ½ cups granulated sugar
1 cup golden raisins
1 cup water
1 teaspoon dry mustard
1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
1 teaspoon ground cloves (Note: I think this could be reduced to ½ teaspoon…my preference)
½ teaspoon cayenne pepper
In a large, stainless steel saucepan, combine cranberries, onion, pineapple, horseradish (or garlic), gingerroot, orange zest, orange juice, and red wine vinegar. Bring to a boil over med-high heat, stirring frequently. Reduce heat to a gentle boil and cook till cranberries become soft and burst, about 15 minutes. If you choose to have a less "chunky" chutney, mash about 2/3 of the cranberry mixture with a potato masher.
Add sugar, raisins, water, mustard, cinnamon, cloves, and cayenne pepper. Boil gently, stirring frequently, for about 15 minutes. Mixture should be slightly runny and will thicken when cooling.
Ladle cranberry mixture into prepared canning jars, leaving ½ inch headspace. Process in a BWB for 10 minutes.


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I recently chaired a UJA Tech Talk on "The Future Of Autonomous Cars" with former General Motors Vice-Chairman Steve Girsky. The auto executive enthusiastically shared his vision for the next 15-25 years of driving – a congestion-free world of automated wheeled capsules zipping commuters to and from work.
Girsky stated that connected cars with safety assist (autonomy-lite) features are moving much faster toward mass adoption than fully autonomous vehicles (sans steering wheels and pedals). In his opinion, the largest roadblocks toward a consumer-ready robocar are the current technical inefficiencies of prototypes on the road today, which burn huge amounts of energy supporting enhanced computing and arrays of sensors. This makes the sticker price closer to a 1972 Ferrari than a 2018 Prius.
As main street adoption relies heavily on converting combustion engines to electric at accessible pricing, Girsky's sentiment was shared by many CES 2018 participants. NVIDIA, the leading chip manufacturer for autonomous vehicles, unveiled its latest technology, Xavier, with auto industry partner Volkswagen in Las Vegas. Xavier promises to be 15 times more energy-efficient than previous chip generations delivering 30 trillion operations per second by wielding only 30 watts of power.
After the Xavier CES demonstration, Volkswagen CEO Herbert Diess exclaimed, "Autonomous driving, zero-emission mobility, and digital networking are virtually impossible without advances in AI and deep learning. Working with NVIDIA, the leader in AI technology, enables us to take a big step into the future."
NVIDIA is becoming the industry standard as Volkswagen joins more than 320 companies and organizations working with the chip manufacturer on autonomous vehicles. While NVIDIA is leading the pack, Intel and Qualcomm are not far behind with their low-power solutions. Electric vehicle powerhouse Tesla is developing its own internal chip for the next generation of Autopilot. While these new chips represents a positive evolution in processors, there is still much work to be done as current self-driving prototypes require close to 2,500 watts per second.
The power-consumption problem was highlighted recently with a report published by the the University of Michigan Center for Sustainable Systems. Its lead author, Greg Keoleian, questions whether the current autonomous car models will slow the overall adoption towards electric vehicles. Keoleian's team simulated a number of self-driving Ford Fusion models with different-sized computer configurations and engine designs. In sharing his findings, Keoleian said, "We knew there was going to be a tradeoff in terms of the energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with the equipment and the benefits gained from operational efficiency. I was surprised that it was so significant."
Keoleian's conclusions challenged the premise of self-driving cars accelerating the adoption of renewal energy. For years, the advocates of autonomous vehicles have claimed that smart driving will lead to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through the platooning of vehicles on highways and intersections; the decrease of aerodynamic drag on freeways, and the overall reduction in urban congestion.
Analysis: How California's Self-Driving Cars Performed in 2017
However, the University of Michigan tests only showed a "six to nine percent net energy reduction" over the vehicle's lifecycle when running on autonomy mode. This went down by five percent when using a large Waymo rooftop sensor package (shown below) as it increased the aerodynamic drag. The report also stated that the greatest net efficiencies were in cars with gas drivetrains that benefit the most from smart driving. Waymo currently uses a hybrid Chrysler Pacifica to run its complex fusion of sensors and processing units.
Keoleian told IEEE Spectrum that his modeling actually "overstates real impacts from future autonomous vehicles." While he anticipates the reduction of computing and sensor drag, he is concerned that the impact of 5G communications has not been fully explored. The increased bandwidth will lead to greater data streams and boost power consumption for inboard systems and processors. In addition, he thinks that self-driving systems will lead to greater distances traveled as commuters move further away from city centers with the advent of easier commutes. Keoleian explains, "There could be a rebound effect. They could induce travel, adding to congestion and fuel use." Koeleian points to a confusing conclusion by the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory that presents two possible outcomes of full autonomy:
According to Wilko Stark, Mercedes-Benz's Vice President of Strategy, it only makes sense for autonomous vehicles to be electric as the increased power requirements will go to the computers instead of the motors. "To put such a system into a combustion-engined car doesn't make any sense, because the fuel consumption will go up tremendously," explains Stark.
Analysis: Fleet Expansion Shows Waymo Lapping Self-Driving Competition
Girsky shares Stark's view, as he predicted that the first large scale use cases for autonomy will be fleets of souped-up golf carts running low speed pre-planned shuttle routes. Also on view at CES were complimentary autonomous shared taxi rides around Las Vegas, courtesy of French startup Navya. Today, Navya boasts of 60 operating shuttles in more than 10 cities, including around the University of Michigan.
Fully autonomous cars might not be far behind, as Waymo has seen a ninety percent drop in component costs by bringing its sensor development in-house. The autonomous powerhouse recently passed the four million mile marker on public roads and is planning on ditching its safety driver later this year in its Phoenix, Arizona test program. According Dmitri Dolgov, Vice President of Waymo's Engineering, "Sensors on our new generation of vehicles can see farther, sharper, and more accurately than anything available on the market. Instead of taking components that might have been designed for another application, we engineered everything from the ground up, specifically for the task of Level 4 autonomy."
With increased roadside fatalities and rising CO2 emissions, the world can't wait too much longer for affordable, energy-efficient autonomous transportation. Girsky and others remind us there is still a long road ahead, while the industry experts estimate that the current gas-burning Waymo Chrysler Pacifica cruising around Arizona costs more than one hundred times the sticker price of the minivan. I guess until then there is always Citibike.


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The AV responsibles of the University of Kiel went looking for a system to transmit audio signals from one lecture theatre to another. Another aim was to use the new system to remove barriers for students and guests with a hearing disability.
The University of Kiel opted for Sennheiser's MobileConnect system. It is easy to integrate into the existing Wifi and comes with an app that students can use on their own mobile device to receive the audio signal via headphones, their hearing aids or cochlea implants.
In 2015, Kiel's Christian-Albrechts-University hosted the Federal Conference of German University Chancellors, a big event causing its organizers and planning team quite a headache, as Stefan Paeth, a specialist for event technology, recalls: "We were sure that one lecture theatre would not be enough. So we urgently needed a system that would allow us to flawlessly transmit the audio signal to the neighbouring room." Seeking advice, he approached vizacon, a media company the event and facility management team has cooperated with for years. Considering the long-term goal of more accessibility for the deaf and hard of hearing among students and visitors, the specialists recommended installing Sennheiser's MobileConnect System as part of the complete renovation of the lecture theatres.
The two ConnectStations were quickly and easily installed and integrated into the campus-wide open wifi, which allows up to 200 users to access the system at the same time without a password. After a quick download of the free app anyone can receive the speaker's voice on their own mobile device and then on their hearing aid, headphones or cochlea implant. The app can be used both with android and iOS. Stefan Paeth is enthusiastic about the user experience: "Architects, technicians, facility managers – we are all positively surprised by the app. It is so simple and intuitive in its use, and everyone can perfectly adjust the sound to their own needs!"
MobileConnect has conquered other lecture theatres Following the successful use of MobileConnect in one building, the university commissioned the company media in motion with installing two more MobileConnect stations in the Audimax, which houses 9 lecture theatres equipped with 2000 seats in total. Mr Paeth talks about how it has now become much easier for students with a hearing disability to follow lectures: "In the past, these students had to sit in the front row and close to the loud-speakers. Some of them had to resort to lip-reading. Now they have a well-functioning audio transmission system that helps them understand everything. We always promote MobileConnect for other events held in our lecture theatres. For example, the organisers of the German Nature Conservation Day are already very keen on communicating its advantages to their participants."
Several years of experience with Sennheiser products … For Mr Paeth and his colleagues, Sennheiser products are an integral part of every day university life. "We've been working with Sennheiser mikes for years. We have goose neck mikes for our lecterns and we use several different wireless systems from the 100 and 300 series, whether in combination with handheld mikes, headsets or clip-on mikes. The quality never ceases to amaze us." The university has recently benefitted from other advantages as well.
Switching to the modern license-free 1.9 GHz Speechline Series for new purchases has helped save money that would otherwise have been spent on frequency license fees.
Currently there are three major building sites on the Kiel University campus. MobileConnect figures quite prominently on the technicians' and planners' wishlist for these new facilities, and Stefan Paeth is definitely a fan: "I would wholeheartedly recommend MobileConnect to any other institution with similar needs. We love working with it."


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Privacy notice
Information on the Processing of Personal Data
We would like to assure you that for Branco Mykonos, member of Intra Hospitality, the protection of our customers' personal data is of paramount importance. That is why we are taking appropriate steps to protect the personal data we process and to ensure that the processing of personal data is always carried out in accordance with the obligations laid down by the legal framework, both by the company itself and by those third parties that process personal data on behalf of the company. The personal health data from our guests is something mandatory for the provision of public health.
What is GDPR?
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is the new regulatory framework of the European Union (EU) in the area under consideration. The purpose of the law is to lay down the conditions for the processing of personal data to protect the rights and freedoms of natural persons, and, in particular, the right to the protection of personal data.
Head of Processing – Data Protection Officer (DPO)
The company Intra Hospitality, having its seat in Nea Ionia Attikis, at G.Averof 26-28, Postal Code 14232, with TIN 800656144, email: firstname.lastname@example.com, tel: 2289025500, website: https://www.brancohotel.com/, as duly represented, informs that, for the purposes of its business activities, processes the personal data of its clients & associates in accordance with applicable national law and European Regulation 2016/679 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (General Data Protection Regulation, hereinafter referred to as the "Regulation"), as such is in force.
For any matter relating to the processing of personal data, contact the DPO, Mr Pavlos Psychogios, email: email@example.com, telephone:00306983002605.
Which is the legitimate ground for processing your personal data; and how do we process them?
We are processing the personal data that you directly provide us with, as well as the data that booking engines and travel agencies forward to our hotel, so that you can enjoy our hotel services. Specifically, but not exhaustively, we are collecting and processing your full name, email address, mobile and landline phone numbers, credit card number, date of birth, information relating to your preferences regarding your staying at the hotel, i.e. preferences on the rooms, favorite activities, dietary habits, health conditions dictating special room arrangements.
Legitimate grounds for processing your personal data constitute:
- the provision of accommodation, F&B establishment, and entertainment services that you wish to receive from us. As legitimate grounds can also be considered: the provision of information concerning our hotels' services, room reservations, services concerning your arrival and departure, use of our facilities, and anything that can contribute to the fulfillment of our contractual obligations in this context;
(b) the safeguarding and protection both of your, as well as our, legal interests. Thus, we use CCTV and security cameras, in order to be able to protect the safety and security of individuals, materials, facilities, as well as special security software to detect and prevent malicious actions. Cameras are to be found only in the hotels' outdoor premises;
(c) the compliance with an obligation imposed by the law. Specifically, we maintain personal data records of all of our customers staying at our hotel (full name, address, Passport or ID number). In addition, we maintain copies of proves of payments for twenty (20) years; The obligation to record personal data also applies for reasons of protection of public health also.
(d) the consent you provide under the specific conditions set out in the legal framework, in order to receive information on the activity, products, services, etc. of Branco Mykonos, or /and other companies of the Group Intra Hospitality, and/or third cooperating companies, which process personal data in accordance with the, from time to time, applicable framework.
Do we share your personal data?
Our company shares your data with third parties, which have been assigned the processing of your data on our behalf. In those cases, our company remains responsible for your data processing, and defines the specifics of the processing. Our company concludes data processing agreements with the third parties, in order to ensure the compliance of the process with the current legal framework, and the exercise of the rights of every natural person.
Our company shares your data within our Group, as well as with cooperating third companies for purposes of advertising, product and services information and updates, as well as for promotions, under the condition that your consent has been provided.
Finally, we share your data with consulting firms, accounting firms, as well as with cooperating banks.
Personal Data Storage Period
The data storage time is decided on the basis of the following specific criteria, as the case may be:
When processing is imposed as a requirement under provisions of the applicable legal framework, your personal data shall be stored for as long as required by the relevant provisions.
When processing is done on a contractual basis, your personal data will be stored for as long as necessary for the performance of the contract and for the foundation, exercise, and / or support of legal claims under the contract.
For marketing purposes, your personal data shall be kept until your consent is revoked. The revocation shall take place at any time, and does not affect the legality of consent-based processing in the period prior to the said revocation.
To revoke your consent, please contact the Data Protection Officer (DPO), please get in touch with Mr Pavlos Psychogios, email: email@example.com, telephone:00306983002605.
You can also use the unsubscribe options, by clicking on the corresponding link in our electronic communications.
What are your rights in respect with your personal data
Every natural person whose data are being processed by (Branco Mykonos_) enjoys the following rights:
Right of Access:
You have the right to be aware and verify the legitimacy of the processing. Thus, you have the right to access the data and get additional information about their processing.
Right to Correct:
You have the right to study, correct, update or modify your personal data. You can come in contact with our DPO using the above-mentioned contact details.
Right to Delete:
You have the right to request the deletion of your personal data when we process it based on your consent or in order to protect our legitimate interests. In all other cases (such as, by way of indication, where there is a contract, obligation to process personal data required by law, public interest), such right shall be subject to specific restrictions or shall not exist, as the case may be.
Right to limit processing:
You have the right to request the limitation of the processing of your personal data in the following cases: (a) when the accuracy of the personal data is questioned and until such data is verified, (b) when you object to the deletion of personal data and request the limitation of their use rather than their deletion, (c) when such personal data are not needed for processing purposes, they are, however, indispensable for the foundation, exercise, support of legal claims, and (d) when you oppose to the processing and until it is verified that there are legitimate grounds that concern us and supersede the reasons for which you are opposed to the processing.
Right to oppose the processing:
You are entitled to oppose the processing of your personal data, at all times, in case where, as described above, this is necessary for the purposes of legitimate interests pursued by us as controllers, as well as in the processing for direct marketing purposes and consumer profile training.
Right to portability:
You have the right to receive your personal data free of charge in a format that allows you to access, use, and edit them with commonly used editing methods. Moreover, you have the right to ask us, if technically feasible, to pass the data directly to another controller. Such right to do so exists for the data you have provided to us and their process is carried out by automated means based on your consent or performance of a relevant contract.
To exercise any of the above rights you can contact the Data Protection Officer (DPO), please get in touch with Mr Pavlos Psychogios, email: email@example.com , telephone:00306983002605.
Right to lodge a complaint to the Personal Data Protection Authority
You have the right to file a complaint with the Personal Data Protection Authority (www.dpa.gr): Switchboard: +30 210 6475600, Fax: +30 210 6475628, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Security of Personal Data
Branco Mykonos shall implement appropriate technical and organizational measures aimed at the safe processing of personal data and the prevention of accidental loss or destruction and the unauthorized and/or unlawful access to, use, modification or disclosure thereof. In any case, the way in which internet operates and the fact that it is free to anyone cannot guarantee that unauthorized third parties will never be able to violate the applicable technical and organizational measures gaining access and, possibly, using personal data for unauthorized and/or unfair purposes


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A swarm of factors is causing heavy losses in honey bee colonies. That's the bottom line of a report issued jointly Thursday by the Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Agriculture. The report identifies a parasitic mite as a leading culprit in combination with diseases, poor nutrition, genetics and pesticide exposure. People who care about bees here in the Northwest were underwhelmed.
Disappointment comes from both the president of the Washington State Beekeepers Association and the director of a Portland-based conservation group, the Xerces Society. They looked in vain for signs the EPA would move more quickly to restrict a class of insecticides suspected of harming bees.
"I know that I sound like a nut when I say 'time is growing short for the honey bees,'" said beekeeper Mark Emrich of Rochester, Washington. "But if you take a look at the loss numbers and the ever shrinking gene pool, it shows how desperate the situation has become."
"I think we have enough data that we can limit these pesticides," added the Xerces Society's Scott Black. The widely used pesticides in question are called neonicotinoids.
But officials with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and a variety of university scientists remain cautious due to inconclusive evidence from field trials.
"At EPA, we let science drive the outcome of decision making," said assistant administrator Jim Jones during a conference call with reporters. "There are non-trivial costs to society if we get this wrong. There are meaningful benefits from these pesticides to farmers and to consumers, as well as for affordable food."
Separately, the federal report makes scant mention of one promising new strategy. Washington State University entomologist Steve Sheppard says moving beehives indoors helped some large commercial beekeepers cut winter kill in half.
"Instead of carrying the bees down to California to sit for two or three months - where they can fly but not actually gather food - they've been putting them in cold storage up here in the Northwest," explained Sheppard.
Sheppard said unused fruit and potato warehouses turned into temporary bee refuges.
Honey bee health surveys by Oregon State University found colony losses in the last few years averaging around 18-25 percent annually around the Northwest.
On the Web:
Report on the National Stakeholders Conference on Honey Bee Health - USDA
Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation - official site


text: Zenith Can Help with Your Marketing ay 159 – Rose Hips. Yum! By Ozdachs|2014-01-12T15:34:10-08:00January 12th, 2014|0 Comments Share This Story, Choose Your Platform! FacebookTwitterRedditLinkedInWhatsAppTumblrPinterestEmail About the Author: Ozdachs San Francisco Internet Marketer and web designer gets you on the Internet in a cost-effective, responsible way. Leave A Comment Cancel replyComment Notify me of new posts by email. Δ This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.


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The pygora goat is a cross between a pygmy goat and an angora goat. The first pygora goats were originally created by crossing a registered American Angora Goat Breeders Assocation (AAGBA) goat with a registered National Pygmy Goat Association (NPGA) goat. The first generation from this cross is considered a hybrid. Second and subsequent generations are considered true pygora goats. A pygora can be bred back to either an NPGA or AAGBA goat, but the parent breed ratio cannot exceed 75% for either pygmy or angora.
Pygoras produce three distinct kinds of fleece: a cashmere-like fleece (Classified as Type-C), a mohair-like fleece (Type-A), or a combination of the two fleeces (Type-B). A pygora goat typically lives 12-14 years and they make great pets in addition to being show, breeding, and fiber-producing animals. Pygora goats can also be milked and produce approximately one quart per day.


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'Bang Bang' is another dancehall classic by Nigerian musician, Timaya. The song was co-written and produced by Kitwana Israel, from Trinidad & Tobago.
Laced with a thumping bass line, "Bang Bang" has all the right ingredients for massive success in Africa, the Carribeans and other parts of the world. The track was recorded in the studio of Trinidadian soca superstar, Machel Montano in his home in Trinidad & Tobago.
The video was shot and directed by Nigerian cinematographer, Patrick Elis in Miami and Jamaica."


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4 boneless skinless chicken breasts -thin
4 garlic cloves, minced
4 tablespoons brown sugar
3 teaspoons olive oil
1 teaspoon salt
1 cup of cheese
1. Preheat oven to 375°F and line a casserole dish with tin foil this will help with the clean up afterwards lightly grease it.
2. In small sauté pan, sauté garlic with the oil until tender.
3. Remove from heat and stir in brown sugar & a teaspoon of salt
4. Place chicken breasts in a prepared baking dish and cover with 3/4 of the garlic and brown sugar mixture.
5. Add salt and pepper to taste.
6. Bake uncovered for 30 minutes.
Within the last 10 minutes before removing it out of the oven put your cheese on top then put the remaining brown sugar and garlic mixture on top of the cheese and let bake 10 minutes or until cheese is fully melted.


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Amaziah, king of Judah. (1-13) Amaziah worships the idols of Edom. (14-16) Amaziah's rash challenge. (17-28)1-13 Amaziah was no enemy to religion, but cool and indifferent friend. Many do what is good, but not with a perfect heart. Rashness makes work for repentance. But Amaziah's obedience to the command of God was to his honour. A firm belief of God's all-sufficiency to bear us out in our duty, and to make up all the loss and damage was sustain in his service, will make his yoke very easy, and his burden very light. When we are called to part with any thing for God and our religion, it should satisfy us, that God is able to give us much more than this. Convinced sinners, who have not true faith, always object to self-denying obedience. They are like Amaziah; they say, But what shall we do for the hundred talents? What shall we do if by keeping the sabbath holy we lose so many good customers? What shall we do without this gain? What shall we do if we lose the friendship of the world? Many endeavour to quiet their consciences by the pretence that forbidden practices are necessary. The answer is, as here, The Lord is able to give thee much more than this. He makes up, even in this world, for all that is given up for his sake.
14-16 To worship the gods of those whom Amaziah had conquered, who could not help their own worshippers, was the greatest absurdity. If men would consider how unable all those things are to help them, to which they look whenever they forsake God, they would not be such enemies to themselves. The reproof God sent by a prophet was too just to be answered; themselves. The reproof God sent by a prophet was too just to be answered; but he was bidden not to say a word more. The secure sinner rejoices to have silenced his reprovers and monitors; but what comes of it? Those that are deaf to reproof, are ripening for destruction.
17-28 Never was a proud prince more thoroughly mortified than Amaziah by Joash king of Israel. A man's pride will bring him low, #Pr 29:23|; it goes before his destruction, and deservedly brings it on. He that exalteth himself shall be abased. He that goes forth hastily to strive, will not know what he shall do in the end thereof, when his neighbour has put him to shame, #Pr 25:8|. And what are we when we offer to establish our own righteousness, or presume to justify ourselves before the Most High God, but despicable thistles, that fancy themselves stately cedars? And are not various temptations, is not every corruption, a wild beast of the desert, which will trample on the wretched boaster, and tread his haughty pretensions to the dust? A man's pride shall bring him low; his ruin may be dated from his turning from the Lord.
Commentary by Matthew Henry, 1710.


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An overview of the expatriate market
The number of worldwide expatriates continues to increase. But what exactly defines an expatriate? And how do expatriates differ from the rest of the population?
The word expatriate derives from the Medieval Latin expatriatus, which is the past participle of expatriare (to leave one's own country). According to this definition, expatriates are people who have left the country they were born in and are living in another country.
In many cases, the term expatriate refers to people that do not plan to reside in their new country permanently and normally retain their citizenship for practical purposes. In this strict sense, expatriates differ from 'immigrants' who usually plan to reside permanently in a new country and acquire permanent citizenship there. In addition, many people use the term expatriates only for skilled workers from developed countries who are temporarily working abroad (i.e. American expatriates in Spain), thus differentiating between expatriates and economic migrants who move abroad for socioeconomic reasons.
In reality, these distinctions are becoming more and more blurred. While the number of highly skilled expatriates from developing countries increases, there are also an increasing number of expatriates from developed countries that are moving abroad for retirement and other reasons. For example, there are today skilled workers from India working worldwide and and an increasing number North American expats retiring in Central and South America.
Expatriate services
Due to the worldwide increase of expatriation, an increasing number of service providers now offer products and services that are specifically designed to meet the needs of expatriates. These include specialized expatriate health insurance schemes, expatriate banking solutions, expatriate tax advice, relocation and other services. This has also increased the demand for expatriate marketing solutions, since expatriates are hard to reach through traditional advertising channels.
In this section, we take a look at what expatriates are, where they are coming from and going to, their concerns and some of the longer-term expatriate trends that are developing worldwide.


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Joasaph (Udalov) of Chistopol
The hieromartyr His Grace Joasaph (Udalov) of Chistopol was a vicar bishop of the Eparchy of Kazan of the Church of Russia. He served during the episcopate of Metropolitan Cyril (Smirnov) of Kazan following the Bolshevik revolution in Russia in the early twentieth century and frequently was the "undeclared administrator of the whole of the Kazan, Mari and Chuvash regions" when Metr. Cyril was in exile. Bishop Joasaph firmly opposed attempts to impose the renovationist church upon the Kazan region.
John Ioannovich (Ivan Ivanovich) Udalov was born on April 5, 1886 in the city of Ufa, Russia into a pious family of a watchmaker. His education included studies at the Ufa theological school from which he graduated in 1900 and the Ufa theological seminary, graduating in 1906. John then entered the Kazan Theological Academy in August, 1906 and graduated in 1910 with the degree of candidate of theology.
On August 2, 1910, John was tonsured a monk at the Monastery of the Theophany in Zhitomir by Archbishop Anthony (Khrapovitsky) of Volhynia and Zhitomir with the name Joasaph. The next day he was ordained a deacon by Bishop Gabriel of Ostrog, the vicar-bishop of the diocese. On August 14, 1910, Dcn. Joasaph was appointed by the Holy Synod as a teacher in the Zhitomir John of Kronstadt pastoral school. In the same year of 1910 Dcn. Joasaph was ordained to the priesthood by Abp. Anthony, who was influential in Fr. Joasaph's rise in the ecclesiastical hierarchy, although his righteous life and firm confession of the Orthodox Faith helped even more.
During the Autumn of 1911 Fr. Joasaph was appointed assistant inspector of the Kazan Theological Academy at the request of its rector, Bishop Alexis (Dorodnitsyn). At the Academy he was appointed president of the Council of missionary courses and worked in the Tatar mission and with the Edinoverie. On July 11, 1912, he was appointed by the Holy Synod as acting superior of the Kazan Spaso-Preobrazhensky monastery with the rank of igumen. With his fine mind, administrative flair, and ability to get along with all kinds of people, the young igumen soon brought the community to a flourishing state. At the monastery, he began building a chapel in the Old Russian style over the relics of St. Ephraim, metropolitan of Kazan. The chapel, however, was destroyed in 1972, during the Soviet era, to make way for a garage. In 1915, Fr. Joasaph was raised to the rank of archimandrite and appointed president of the Pedagogical Council and the Economic committee of the Kazan missionary courses at the academy.
As 1918 began ecclesiastical life in Kazan changed radically following the Bolshevik takeover of the government of Russia. By September 1918, Bolshevik forces had conquered Kazan. Metropolitan James (Pyatnitsky) of Kazan, also Jacob, and Bishop Boris (Shipulin) had followed the White Army in retreat, and Bishop Anatolius of Chistopol, the rector of the Academy, had gone to Moscow to attend the All-Russian Local Council, leaving the city without any bishops. Additionally, almost all the members of the diocesan council were out of the city. It fell upon Archimandrite Joasaph to take on the administration of the Kazan diocese alone in an environment where the majority of the churches were closed because of the departure of a significant proportion of the parish clergy and as arrests and shooting were taking place everywhere. On September 20, a Red Army commander burst into the altar at the Spassky monastery in the Kazan Kremlin while Archim. Joasaph was celebrating the Liturgy and declared that the Kremlin was to be closed to the public and declared a military citadel. The Red authorities, with restrictions, allowed Archim. Joasaph to remove the most venerated holy objects from the Kremlin churches. With the help of the nuns of the Monastery of the Mother of God, these holy objects were moved in a silent procession to the Kazan monastery, and the Kremlin churches were closed on September 22 as the Bolsheviks began looting the churches in the Kremlin and shooting several priests in the Kazan region.
As news of these shootings was reported, Archim. Joasaph inscribed the martyrs' names into the martyrologies and diptychs, actions that were confirmed by Bp. Anatolius, who returned to Kazan on September 26 and took over the leadership of the diocese. Later, the Kazan Kremlin was reopened to the public when Kolchak's army relieved pressure on Kazan. Archim. Joasaph led the restoration of the churches and served the first service in the cathedral on April 7, 1920. Also in April, Patriarch Tikhon, upon learning that Metr. James was not returning to Kazan, appointed Bp. Cyril (Smirnov) as Metropolitan of Kazan. On July 12, Archim. Joasaph was consecrated Bishop of Mamadysh, a vicariate of the Kazan diocese, by Metr. Cyril and Bp. Peter (Zverev) of Balakhinsk. While remaining the abbot of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky monastery, Bp. Joasaph was appointed to live in the Kizichesky Monastery.
On August 6, Metr. Cyril was arrested by the Bolsheviks in Kazan and taken to Moscow, leaving Bps. Anatolius and Joasaph to lead the Orthodox in the Kazan. On November 8, 1920, they consecrated Archimandrite Athanasius (Malinin), who was a lecturer in the Kazan Theological Academy, as Bishop of Cheboksary and vicar of the Eparchy of Kazan.
In the spring of 1921 the Cheka learned that the Theological Academy was still functioning under the guise of theological courses. This resulted in the arrest of Bp. Anatolius, the rector of the Academy, and all the professors on the charge of organizing an unlawful academic organization. While the professors were soon freed, Bp. Anatolius remained in prison in Moscow. With the imprisonment of Bp. Anatolius, Bp. Joasaph was again in charge of the Kazan diocese.
With the agreement of Metr. Cyril, with whom Bp. Joasaph maintained contact in the Taganka prison. He and Bp. Athanasius proceeded to consecrate Archimandrite Andronicus of the Seven Lakes Hermitage to the episcopate and transferred him to the Monastery of St. John the Forerunner in Kazan. In November, Bp. Joasaph obtained permission from the Bolshevik authorities to reopen the Kazan Theological Academy under the rectorship of Professor Protopriest Nicholas Petrov, the superior of the church of St. Barbara. The academy continued in existence for two years until Bp. Joasaph's exile from Kazan in 1924.
In early 1922, Bps. Joasaph and Athanasius greeted Metr. Cyril who had been released from prison on his return to Kazan. In April 1922, Bp. Joasaph was confronted with the requisitioning by the Bolsheviks of the valuables in the Kazan churches. He was able to save many ancient and valuable pieces of church property from the Spassky monastery, but not the royal doors made of silver. In 1922, in connection with the confiscation of church valuables, 24 clergy of all ranks were killed by the Bolsheviks in Kazan province.
On July 12, 1922, Bp. Joasaph was appointed Bishop of Chistopol, also a vicariate of the Kazan diocese.
After Metr. Cyril was exiled to Ust-Sysolsk on August 21, representatives of the renovationist schism came to Kazan. Initially, Bp. Joasaph did not stop the renovationists E. Sosuntsov and S. Spirin from joining the diocesan council on October 1, hoping to overcome their "differences". However, Bp. Joasaph's attitude soon changed. "Archbishop" Alexis (Bazhenov) arrived in Kazan on Great Thursday, April 5, 1923 to take the place of the exiled Metr. Cyril. Alexis first occupied the metropolitan's residence, then set off for the winter church of the Monastery of the Mother of God. There he stood in the altar to the left of the royal doors. Bp. Joasaph, who was celebrating the Liturgy and the washing of feet on that day, entered the church at "Glory...", vested and went into the altar during the little entrance. There, he saw Alexis for the first time. Bp. Joasaph continued to serve the Liturgy, censing Alexis at the appropriate times as a hierarch. During the singing of the communion verse, Alexis approached Bp. Joasaph, called himself Archbishop of Kazan and Svyazhsk, and asked whether he would serve with him. Bp. Joasaph categorically refused, pointing out that an appointment of a new hierarch in the place of the still-living Metr. Cyril contradicted the church canons. Then, he asserted, that as an Orthodox bishop and vicar of the Kazan diocese, who was in obedience to Patr. Tikhon and Metr. Cyril, he considered such a decision of the renovationist authorities to be uncanonical. The firmness of Bp. Joasaph assertion made a strong impression on Alexis, who had expected nothing of the sort. In the meanwhile, Protopriest N.M. Vinogradov and other priests of the Kazan monastery went up to seek the blessing of "Archbishop" Alexis. Most of the parish priests then recognized Alexis.
That evening the renovationist archbishop was already reading the twelve Gospels in the monastery, while Bp. Joasaph served the all-night vigil in the Vladimir cathedral, where Fr. Peter Grachev had immediately invited him. After Pascha, the Orthodox Bishops Joasaph and Athanasius were already serving in secret, commemorating Patr. Tikhon and Metr. Cyril. After Bp. Joasaph left the diocesan council, it became completely renovationist, and reports were immediately sent to the GPU denouncing him as an "old churchman, counter- revolutionary and ardent Tikhonite", who was not only anti-renovationist but also anti-Soviet.
Only two churches remained faithful to Orthodoxy in Kazan, that is the Pokrov church, served by Fr. Alexander Gavrilov, and the Peter and Paul cathedral, served by Fr. Alexander's father-in-law, the Protopriest Andrew Bogolyubov, and a number of monastics of the Monastery of St. John the Forerunner, the Raifa and Seven Lakes Hermitages, the St. Theodore convent, and the Sviyazhsk Monastery. In contrast with the parish clergy, the laity of Kazan refused to recognize Alexis.
Contention escalated. The whole city became filled with notices stuck to houses and telegraph poles declaring that Alexis was a wolf in sheep's clothing and appealing to the citizens of Kazan not to accept him. Alexis soon complained to his "Metropolitan" Eudocimus of his treatment by Bps. Joasaph and Athanasius and the laity, as well as the lack of support by the Soviet authorities. After the renovationist diocesan council petitioned the authorities for the removal of a number of clergy, the authorities responded by arresting them on [[June 14] for writing and spreading anti-renovationist proclamations and for maintaining links with Metr. Cyril in Ust-Sysolsk, while noting alleged counter revolutionary intrigues by Archbishop Joasaph. The use of the title archbishop for Bp. Joasaph in their report showed how great was his authority among the believers.
The victory of the Orthodox over the renovationists in the Kazan region was in large part due to the leadership of Bp. Joasaph. It was through Bp. Joasaph's exhortations and sermons that Protopriest Theophanes returned almost the whole of the city of Yelabuga (his native town, where his father was protopriest in the Pokrov church) from renovationism to Orthodoxy. And, when Bp. Andronicus was summoned to the renovationist diocesan council to explain his refusal to accept them, he said, "I don't want to separate from Bishop Joasaph." The position of the renovationists was also weakened when Patr. Tikhon was released from prison and issued his anathema against them in July.
On July 17, 1923, an assembly of all the believers of the parish churches of Kazan was held in the main cathedral. It was organized by the zealots of Orthodoxy, led by the Academy Professor Plato Ivanovich Ivanov of the Academy and the lawyer Alexander Sergeyevich Kozhevnikov, who were trusted followers of Bp. Joasaph. The meeting resolved that, "The community considers that the only lawful, canonical authority in the Kazan diocese is the deputy of Metr. Cyril, Bp. Joasaph of Chistopol..."
After working out a rite of repentance for those returning from the renovationist heresy to Orthodoxy, Bp. Joasaph served the first open service in the Spaso-Preobrazhensky monastery together with the clergy who had been faithful to Orthodoxy during the persecution. Also, services were served by Bp. Athanasius in the Theophany church and Bp. Andronicus in the monastery of St. John the Forerunner.
During the next several days almost all the renovationist clergy offered repentance for their sin and were received back into the Church by Bp. Joasaph. Bp. Joasaph served, at the insistence of the laity, a lesser blessing of the waters in those churches that had been defiled by the services of "Archbishop" Alexis. When the main cathedral was blessed, the people rejoiced and wept. Alexis immediately complained to the GPU. The local GPU, annoyed at the defeat of the renovationists but without clear instructions from the Moscow authorities, arrested Plato Ivanov and Alexander Kozhevnikov on the basis of denunciations by secret GPU agents who had been present at the parochial assembly.
Bp. Joasaph was in the difficult position of explaining his own position to the GPU after Patr. Tikhon had repented of his previous anti-Soviet activities. After all, it was said, if the Patriarch had repented, then his followers should also repent. Bp. Joasaph also wanted to help bring about the release of Ivanov and Kozhevnikov. So he composed an "address to the clergy and laity of the Kazan diocese", in which he said, "Insofar as I, as a religious follower of Patriarch Tikhon, in the conditions of life in our diocese in recent times have, by force of circumstances, been linked to the concept of 'Tikhonism', I shall with all the strength of my moral authority stand on guard for the practical realization of the [apolitical] direction of church activity that I have mentioned above". This satisfied the GPU, and within a month Ivanov and Kovezhnikov were released.
On September 15, 1923, Bp. Joasaph's signed a statement for the authorities that he would not leave the territory of Kazan. But this restriction did not prevent him blessing monks and nuns from the Kazan monasteries to go to the villages with sermons against the renovationist heresy. He also sent to Patr. Tikhon a list of clergy and monastics, petitioning that they be awarded for "firmly witnessing their devotion to the Orthodox Church".
However, oppression soon returned. By the end of November Archim. Pitirim, Hieromonks John and Theophanes, and Hierodeacon Seraphim were again arrested and sent to Solovki for three years. Further in January, 1924, Plato Ivanov and Protopriest Alexander Gavrilov of the Georgian church were exiled to Tashkent and, in March, Alexander Kozhevnikov was imprisoned in the Taganka prison in Moscow.
Also, the GPU intercepted correspondence from Patr. Tikhon to Bp. Joasaph in December 1923 about awards for which he had asked and other administrative matters and thus banned Bp. Joasaph from serving on the basis that "although he does not have permission from the civil authorities to organize a diocesan administration, he in fact rules the diocese". Thus, now nominal administration of the diocese passed to Bp. Athanasius, although Bp. Joasaph continued to serve in secret and remained at the helm of the diocese. However, the GPU forbade Bp. Athanasius to perform any ordinations.
At the end of February, 1924, "Archbishop" Alexis consecrated two married priests as "Bishops" of Chistopol and Cheboksary, the sees occupied by Bps. Joasaph and Athanasius. On the Sunday of Orthodoxy, March 29, Bps. Joasaph and Athanasius, accompanied by a host of priests, deacons, and laity, delivered anathema to the false new bishops in the Monastery of St. John the Forerunner. By April 5, Tuchkov himself had been informed of the news of their actions and, on May 3, 1924, Bp. Joasaph was summoned to the GPU.
After defending himself before the GPU, stating that his actions were ecclesiastical, not political, Bp. Joasaph was called to Moscow by the authorities on May 12, 1924. Upon his arrival in Moscow he immediately visited Patr. Tikhon, whom he had not met before. On May 29, he presented himself to the GPU. The next day he was cast into Butyrki prison. Not finding anything of which to accuse him, he was released on May 6 after obtaining his signature on a document that declared he would not leave the city. He went to live in the Danilov Monastery.
On April 25, 1925, Bp. Joasaph signed an act that transferred the leadership of the Church to Metr. Peter. In Moscow, Bp. Joasaph became the trusted representative of Metr. Peter and locum tenens of the patriarchal throne while living in the Danilov monastery. He took part in Metr. Peter's negotiations with the authorities concerning the organization of a Holy Synod, and warned him in good time about the so-called Gregorian bishops. In the autumn of 1925, he composed a declaration concerning the relations between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Soviet State. On December 1, 1925 Bp. Joasaph was arrested in the Danilov monastery in connection with the affair of Metr. Peter and was interned in the inner prison of the OGPU. On June 3, 1926, he was exiled to Turukhansk by the OGPU for three years, arriving there in August.
After Metr. Sergius published his notorious declaration in July, 1927, Bp. Joasaph actively opposed him, resulting in his being retired by Sergius. In August, 1927 Bp. Joasaph renewed his correspondence with Metr. Cyril, who was living in the same region. Returning from his three-year exile in the summer of 1929, Bp. Joasaph stopped for two months in Yeniseisk. There he chose the town of Kozmodemyansk in the Mari republic when he was ordered to live in one fixed domicile. While living in Kozmodemyansk, Bp. Joasaph continued his ties with Kazan, especially with the nuns living there.
In August, 1930, began the first arrests of people for belonging to the anti-Sergius Church. On December 1, 1930, Bp. Joasaph was arrested with a group of churchmen and cast into the OGPU isolator in Kazan for further interrogation. During the interrogations, Bp. Joasaph stated the ecclesiastical arguments concerning the rights of the duly designated locum tenens, Metrs. Cyril and Peter, in regards Metr. Sergius' usurpation of rights that did not belong to him.
On January 18, 1932, Bp. Joasaph was convicted of "heading and being in de facto control of the Kazan church-monarchist organization, remaining an active worker in it after its transformation into a branch of the All-Union center of the counter-revolutionary monarchist organization, the True Orthodox Church". He was then sentenced to three years in the camps. He was sent to the Osinnikov section of Siblag, the mines of Aralichev near Kemerovo (Kuznetsk basin), where he was tortured, several times shorn, and had to drag wheelbarrows full of coal for several years. On February 10, 1934, two years were added to his sentence for supposedly participating in a "church-monarchical group" in the camp.
In 1936, Bp. Joasaph returned to Kazan from the camps and lived in the outskirts of the city with his sick mother. On November 30, 1937, Bp. Joasaph was arrested at the bedside of his dying mother for "organizing a counter-revolutionary church underground". On December 12, Bp. Joasaph and Fr. Nicholas Troitsky were condemned to execution by shooting. On December 15, 1937, Bp. Joasaph was shot in Kazan on the feast of St. Joasaph, the prince of India.
Joasaph (Udalov) of Chistopol | ||
Preceded by: ? |
Bishop of Mamadysh Vicar of Kazan 1920 - 1922 |
Succeeded by: ? |
Preceded by: ? |
Bishop of Chistopol Vicar of Kazan 1922 - 1937 |
Succeeded by: ? |


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The 'Hamilton' Musical Film Premieres on Disney Plus This July
With coronavirus concerns shuttering movie theaters all over the country, delayed movies have become the norm. Black Widow isn't coming out until November. Fast and Furious 9 doesn't come out until next Spring.
Here, for a nice change of pace, is a movie that is now coming out earlier than originally planned. Back in February — which now feels like about 12 years ago — Disney announced they had acquired the movie version of Hamilton, Lin-Manuel Miranda's hit Broadway musical. At that time, Miranda announced the movie would premiere in theaters on October 15, 2021. Today on Twitter, he revealed a new plan: Hamilton is coming to Disney+ — some 15 months ahead of schedule.
The Hamilton film was actually shot in 2016, on Broadway, with the show's original cast. The main reason to delay it in the first place was to keep demand up for tickets to the Hamilton show, which back in February was still play eight times a week in New York, and in touring companies around the country. Since then, live theater has gone dark everywhere because of coronavirus. So this is very clever plague counter-programming.
Disney's February press release touted Hamilton as ...a leap forward in the art of 'live capture.' This movie transports its audience into the world of the Broadway show in a uniquely intimate way. Combining the best elements of live theater and film, the result is a cinematic stage performance that is a wholly new way to experience Hamilton." Plus, it's a lovely way to celebrate Independence Day at home this year. And now it's less than two months away.
Gallery — The Movies We're Shocked Are Actually on Disney+:


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Welcome to Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc. Your Family Dentist of Choice Serving the Phelan and Lancaster Area
Welcome to Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc. Dr. Michelle Marconnete and the Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc team are pleased to provide high quality dentistry services for your family. We invite you to browse our website to learn more about our practice, and we encourage you to join our patient family by scheduling an appointment at our Phelan and Lancaster offices.
Patients come to Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc from throughout the Phelan and Lancaster area because they know they will always receive personalized care using the latest advances in the dental field. Each member of our team is dedicated to ensuring our patients are well-informed and comfortable at all times. At Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc, we will never begin a treatment or procedure until all of your questions have been answered and you feel relaxed and at ease. Furthermore, at Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc, Dr. Michelle Marconnete strives to offer a number of dental financing and payment options to ensure a beautiful, healthy smile is within the reach for all of our patients.
Our Approach to Dental Care
Our one-on-one approach to dentistry, in addition to advanced dentistry services and stunning results we consistently achieve, make Dr. Michelle Marconnete and the Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc staff the dentistry team of choice in the Phelan and Lancaster area. We offer all of the most popular dental treatments, including preventative exams, restorative care and cosmetic procedures, among others. For a more complete transformation, our patients are encouraged to work with our experienced dental professionals to combine multiple treatments for a complete smile makeover.
Get Started Today
If you are ready to work with our professional dental team to achieve the smile you have always dreamed of, or are looking for a comprehensive dental cleaning and examination, we invite you to contact the Michelle Marconnette DDS Inc team. We look forward to helping you smile brighter.


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- This event has passed.
Dunedin Toastmasters
July 2 @ 7:00 pm - 8:30 pm
|Recurring Event (See all)
An event every week that begins at 7:00 pm on Tuesday, repeating indefinitely
Donoghue-Dunedin Toastmasters meets 7-8:30 p.m. Tuesdays in person and via Zoom. If you are interested in learning public speaking skills, increasing leadership abilities, and making new friends, please visit the club any Tuesday and see what we offer. Visit the Toastmasters website for more information.


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Geolus Shape-Based Searching for Reusing CAD Parts
"Reuse" is a popular focus in initiatives across PLM today. It is an area where efficiency is improved by not repeating work and by making derivative products from existing ones, rather than starting from scratch.
It is one of the most basic benefits of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE). The more we leverage existing parts, the easier it is to maintain internal standards, freeing resources for innovation. Another incredibly important byproduct of reuse is that each time we reuse rather than re-invent, we slow the increase in complexity of our inventory.
Every part that is needlessly invented creates a ripple of waste throughout the product management lifecycle (PLM). There is no such thing as a cheap part.
Reuse is not limited to parts, but also extends to processes. If we can recognize a situation where a particular manufacturing process or CAE strategy can be applied to rather than reinivented, savings can be recognized.
This is great, in theory. The difficulty comes when trying to locate those existing parts for reuse. If a search for a desired part turns up nothing promising, then I suspect most of us would decide to just start recreating the design of the "missing" parts from scratch.
We tend to find information through text-based searches, putting data such as part number into a search field; this data is known as metadata or attributes. However, looking for existing items using metadata can fail for a number of reasons, including:
- The part might not have been filed with the correct attributes.
- The company might have grown through mergers and acquisitions (M&A) which means there will be a cultural mix of attribute names.
- Using suppliers' terminology will help communication with them, but it does introduce new cultures, just like M&A. This is compounded when dealing with multiple suppliers of the same part.
- Design shops may span continents, introducing local language issues.
- Spelling errors and irregular adoption of terminology and abbreviation will also be common.
A Solution Through Shape Searching
One shape-based solution is Geolus, from Siemens PLM Software. Geolus has the ability to digitize "shapes." It captured the essence of shapes as a digital index. It has the ability to compare indices and determine if a part is similar to other parts in the enterprise. Two good analogies are fingerprints and DNA. People's fingerprints or DNA do not change when they change their hair, clothes, or names. Similarly, the Geolus index of a part is the same, no matter which keywords are associated with it. The index is unaffected by a part's position or orientation. This is important when browsing assemblies for parts.
Geolus is a search engine that returns results in order of shape similarity and additionally reports the comparison of the size of the search part and the resultant part as a percentage. It can return exact matches as well as parts that are merely similar.
For example, if production is halted because there are no more parts in Bin A, a search might find a source of alternate identical parts that enabled production to continue. A similarity search is appropriate if there is an initiative to identify parts on which production can standardize.
Searches can begin with a simple 3D sketch or an existing part, perhaps paired with some attribute(s). When a search returns a result, it reports a weighted list in order of similarity, along with identifying information, a report on the size compared with the original part, and a preview of each part. This image shows a set of search results on an existing part, as launched from a Web browser.
Example of a 'seed'
image, used to search, and the associated results
(image provided by Siemens)
Notice that the parts are ordered by shape similarity and that, in this case, the defining attributes are also included in the results. The attributes are chosen by the customer and can include items such as release status, release date, owning engineer, project, supplier, cost, and so on. This collation, of non-geometric information through geometric means, facilitates queries such as "Which supplier has this part for the best price?"
How Geolus is used
Geolus is designed as a plug-in. It is accessed through your Web browser. It could also be integrated into existing software from Siemens PLM; such as Teamcenter, NX or Solid Edge. It is also available in aClass, a product from a Siemens partner, BCT.
The geometry that Geolus processes can be any one of the following formats: Siemens' own JT, VRML or STL. Attribute data can be in CSV, XML, or PLMXML formats. For example, I could sketch a bracket shape, and then specify that I am searching for one made of stainless steel and/or designed in a specified year and/or having a certain price.
JT, VRML and STL are all neutral file formats. Geolus can read a mix of these file formats into the same data depository. It does not matter if the originating CAD systems are varied, which makes it a powerful tool in a multi-CAD environment.
JT just became an ISO International Standard for 3D visualization, and is a lightweight format that can range from data-rich to very basic. Parasolid is the 3D modeling kernel used by MCAD and architectural software like SolidWorks, Solid Edge, and Vectorworks. D-Cubed is the library of software components licensed by Siemens PLM, and is used with many CAM/CAE applications, such as NX and Solid Edge.
On Siemens' Youtube channel, I watched the sketch of a part in NX, a high-end 3D CAD system from Siemens PLM. The selection of the desired part and the call for the Geolus search did not take long and previews of similar parts popped up quickly. From the results screen, I could see additional information reached by clicking on the 3D preview of each part presented. Through the search screen, I could even see how to replace the sketched part with one of the designed components. This appears to be a simple and easy way to swap out a "napkin sketch" for an established component.
When Geolus is used interactively it is typically used to search for matches to a single part. This answers the question "What did I do last time I had an item like this one?" When Geolus reporting is used, every part is compared with every other part and the results are exported to a spreadsheet, the manager's tool of choice. This provides a finger on the pulse across the enterprise.
How Geolus Works
Geolus indexes parts and stores them in a database. A Geolus index contains:
- the digital representation of the shape
- metadata as specified by the user
- thumbnail images for presenting visual feedback to the user
The Geolus Indexer is a small utility that is located with the data. (It is worth noting that you are never asked to move your data outside your firewall.) The Geolus Index is tiny compared with the original geometry. It does not contain enough information to reverse engineer the geometry. This could have been a security concern for multisite customers who choose to have a central Geolus server and so export the Geolus indices.
Strategic Uses
There are also other, more strategic, uses for the capabilities of Geolus to tackle in addition to Engineering and lifecycle management. Procurement, business analysis, and digital validation can also benefit from quick and easy access to shaped-based information.
Spreadsheets could be created to compare every item in the enterprise with every other item. This would allow bidding on the manufacture of groups of similar parts. These reports could conceivably make it simpler to detect which characteristics of parts are best used to identify units in catalogs and design specifications.
The ease of searching could help estimators to put together more accurate bids from available historic data, rather than depending on the memories of engineering staff.
Siemens PLM suggests that tracking reliability and maintainability of previously used parts could be another application of this system.
Make Full Use of the Technology
When I first took on the role of managing the archives for my hospital, dating back nearly 90 years at the time, I was continually frustrated by the misspelling of terms, and the renaming of buildings over the decades. Had I been able to sketch out the layout of a building or division for easy location, I could have found and distributed all of the available information quickly, rather than having to field verify or flip through thousands of drawings.
An ability to search by shape is something that I found fascinating about Geolus. Knowing that one could still make use of their company's intellectual property, even if predecessors did not name or describe a part by the same standards we would use today, is quite empowering. As with any technology, implementation teams would need to ensure that the design staff are taking the time to perform the search and making the best use of all available resources.
If you would like to see this search in action, there are videos available on the Geolus channel on Siemens' website. You can also find a couple on YouTube, they all appear to be from Siemens, such as http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCBg272eyRw For additional information: http://www.plm.automation.siemens.com/geolus
Melanie Perry is a facilities management CAD coordinator as well as a technical editor. She writes for the Mistress of Dorkness blog about CAFM and BIM. More...


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Does Wine Drinking Protect Against Depression?
Enjoying several glasses of wine each week may not only protect your heart, it may also help protect your mental health, a new study suggests.
Researchers in Spain have found that drinking moderate amounts of alcohol — especially wine — was linked with a lower risk of depression.
Older men and women who consumed two to seven small glasses of wine weekly were 32 percent less likely to suffer from depression compared with people who never drank alcohol, the study revealed.
These results appear to contradict previous studies, which have often linked drinking alcohol with an increased risk of depression. Two reasons researchers have suggested for this increased risk are that people might drink more to mask depressive symptoms and people might also turn to alcohol to cope with a personal problem, such as job loss, family issues or financial troubles — all factors that may also trigger a depressive episode. [7 Ways Alcohol Affects Your Health]
As for why these findings seem to conflict with other studies on alcohol, lead author Dr. Miguel Martinez-Gonzalez, a cardiologist and professor of preventive medicine and public health at the University of Navarra in Pamplona, said it could be because the new study did not include people who previously had depression, or people known to have drinking problems.
"In our study population, the average intake of alcohol was low, and the pattern of consumption was typically Mediterranean, with alcohol coming preferentially from wine, consumed during meals and without episodes of binge drinking," he said.
The study is published online today (Aug. 29) in the journal BMC Medicine. Some study researchers receive funding from the alcohol industry.
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Moderate amounts protective
The study looked at more than 5,500 men and women ages 55 to 80 in Spain, who were involved in a research trial evaluating the effects of the Mediterranean diet on heart disease risk. None of them had depression at the study's start.
During a follow-up period of up to seven years, 443 people reported that they were diagnosed with depression.
Researchers found that light to moderate drinkers, who drank 5 to 15 grams of alcohol daily on average, had a lower risk of depression compared with people who abstained from imbibing. (A small glass of wine contains about 9 grams of pure alcohol).
The lowest rates of depression were observed in people who consumed moderate amounts of wine. The study found that men and women who drank two to seven small glasses of wine each week were 30 percent less likely to develop depression, compared with those who drank none.
These results held true even after researchers took into account other lifestyle factors that could influence rates of the mood disorder, such as gender, age, smoking habits, marital status, education and physical activity levels.
Although the exact reasons why drinking moderate amounts of alcohol may have beneficial effects on the brain are unclear, Martinez-Gonzalez said a compound found in grapes may help protect parts of the brain from inflammatory processes involved in depression.
Contrary findings
The finding that alcohol is linked with a lower risk of depression is contrary to most previous work, said Susan Ramsey, an associate professor of psychiatry and human behavior at the Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University in Providence.
Ramsey, who has conducted research on the effects of alcohol on depressed patients, said the differences in the findings may be due to the highly selective sample involved in the study, or the way depression was measured.
She explained that because researchers did not include people who currently had depression or took medication for it, as well as people with a history of the mood disorder or alcohol-related problems, they were left with a sample that might have been at low risk of developing depression, especially when considering their older age.
"The ability to generalize from the findings of this study to other populations is very limited," Ramsey said.
In other words, it's too soon to toast drinking as a good hedge against this common mood disorder.
"At this point, it would be premature to make any recommendations regarding alcohol or wine consumption as a means of preventing the onset of depression," Ramsey said.
Follow us @livescience, Facebook or Google+. Article originally on LiveScience.
Cari Nierenberg has been writing about health and wellness topics for online news outlets and print publications for more than two decades. Her work has been published by Live Science, The Washington Post, WebMD, Scientific American, among others. She has a Bachelor of Science degree in nutrition from Cornell University and a Master of Science degree in Nutrition and Communication from Boston University.


text:
Robert Brownell's hefty, beautifully illustrated volume, which provides by far the fullest, most detailed examination of Ruskin's failed marriage, sympathetically portrays both parties in this sad story — Euphemia Chalmers Gray and John Ruskin. Although clearly an advocate for Ruskin, he also defends Effie, reminding us that
Collingwood, who knew John for a quarter of a century and had unrestricted access to all the papers at Brantwood for his biography, came to the conclusion that Effie was "a charming girl placed in difficult circumstances." The present author is of a similar opinion. Effie should not be judged too harshly for agreeing to this mismatch. It may even be possible to regard Effie's decision to marry John as a selfless act performed in order to save her family from very real suffering. Even without this pressing commitment Effie would not have been the first bride to trade her charms for wealth and a celebrity lifestyle; nor would she be the last. [184]
Furthermore, Brownell points out that the woman Ruskin married "had been away from her parents and in fashionable society for virtually the whole of her teenage years. She had developed from a child to a woman largely without the restraining influence of her family" (90). As a result, she became "sophisticated and fashion-conscious" young woman with "highly developed social skills and a penchant for flirtation. She lived for dressing up, gossiping, dancing, flirting, balls and young men. She was also a fearless and stylish horse rider" (90). In other words, bringing these two people together was a recipe for disaster, since the way they "had been brought up had made them almost precise opposites" (90). Opposites, they say, attract, and they did here for a year or two but then . . . As Brownell later puts it, "John could and often did forget his troubles by working. Effie left her troubles behind by going out to balls and parties. Socialising made John ill: it cured Effie. Knowing how much she loved socialising, he had continually worried that she would find it difficult to adjust to her new life" (194).
Two of Ruskin's self-portraits and two of Millais's drawings of Effie. [Click on these images for larger pictures.]
Brownell is not only sympathetic to Effie but he also demonstrates that Ruskin on occasion can be a very unreliable witness to his own history, reminding us that we cannot always trust Praeterita, Ruskin's brilliant autobiography. By this statement, I do not mean that Brownell finds Praeterita untrustworthy because it leaves out matters, such as the courtship, marriage, and annulment in question, since Ruskin explicitly states he will only concentrate on memories that give him pleasure. Rather he makes clear that Ruskin can provide misinformation about his life. For example, Praeterita contains Ruskin's famous statement that as a child he desperately wanted a pet, something to love: "I had nothing animate to care for, in a childish way, but myself, some nests of ants, which the gardener would never leave undisturbed for me, and a sociable bird or two; though I never had the sense or perseverance to make one tame." How sad, how pitiful! One of my children who was allergic to cats and dogs briefly had a clam as a pet, but a bunch of ants . . . — this is even worse. And it's not true, for as Brownell points out, "In fact he had a complete menagerie of animals. Beginning when he was four, the family letters mention a sheep, a dog, a kitten and the Shetland pony. He also inherited 'Dash', the Richardsons' spaniel" (43). Moreover, his parents adopted his orphaned cousin Mary, who was then fourteen, so "the ten-year-old John effectively had a sister from this time on" (39). The question, of course, is what made Ruskin mis-remember his childhood as so devoid of things to love?
We learn many things about Effie, John, and their families in Marriage of Inconvenience — for example, that she hated the nickname "Effie," — her preferred nickname was "Phemy" (72) — and that she was engaged to someone else when she accepted Ruskin's proposal for the sake of her family (105, 114-15) and had "understandings" with half a dozen other men. Brownell's discussions of the railway investment panics of the 1840s do a particularly fine job explaining the exact economic situation in which Effie's father found himself — almost certain bankruptcy — and his excellent scholarly detective work about a contemporary political crisis in France also explains why the Gray's situation so worsened on one particular day that Effie saved her family when she unexpectedly called back Ruskin and accepted his proposal of marriage just days after she had rejected him.
Marriage of Inconvenience also provides a convincing history of their courtship, relationship after marriage, year of happiness, and later falling out. In the first place, Ruskin did not find himself forced into marriage by his parents — probably the opposite is true — and Ruskin, who had fallen in love several times before, was deeply in love with Effie. "To modern readers," Brownell remarks, his "surviving love letters to Effie appear alternately self-doubting, adolescently passionate, condescending and wisely prophetic. There are some excruciatingly embarrassing passages, but one thing is certain: he was absolutely besotted with Effie." (123). More important, despite all the unfounded notions that Ruskin found himself disgusted by Effie's body on their wedding night, his surviving letters — and Effie's later testimony under oath — tell a very different story: Ruskin and his bride slept nude in each others arms! Marriage of Inconvenience convincingly argues that much of the speculation about Ruskin's sexuality derives from misunderstanding a single word in Ruskin's later remark that "although her face was beautiful, her person was not formed to excite passion. On the contrary there were certain circumstances in her person which completely checked it" (465; emphasis added). According to Brownell, Ruskin uses the word person both about himself and others to mean personage or character and not body. Brownell argues, "Despite not having consummated the marriage, . . . it should not therefore be assumed that no physical intimacy took place," after which he quotes the following letter Ruskin wrote when they were apart:
I expect a line from my dearest love to morrow at Sens: Do you know, pet, it seems almost a dream to me that we have been married: I look forward to meeting you: and to your next bridal night: and to the time when I shall again draw your dress from your snowy shoulders: and lean my cheek upon them, as if you were still my betrothed only: and I had never held you in my arms. God bless you, my dearest.
Brownell next draws three conclusions, all of which contradict facile assumptions about Ruskin's sexuality: "Firstly that he remembered the first night of the honeymoon with pleasure which would not have been the case if, as Admiral James suggested, he had been repelled by her body. Secondly that he was looking forward to experiencing her naked body again, which, again, would not have been the case if he had found her disgusting. Finally, he was still strongly attracted to her."
Ruskin's next letter, Brownell explains, makes clear that "Effie replied to this letter at some length, referring specifically to their honeymoon: 'My Darling Effie," Ruskin writes, 'I have your precious letter here: with the account so long and kind - of all your trial at Blair Athol - indeed it must have been cruel my dearest: I think it will be much nicer next time, we shall neither of us be frightened.'" Both Ruskin and Effie stated that they would not consummate the marriage until she reached her twenty-fifth birthday, in large part because Ruskin planned to travel abroad and wanted to avoid the risk of her pregnancy. So what happened next? When apart, Effie closes letters to him "Goodbye my dearest love" (137). Moreover, when writing to her mother early in their marriage, she praises her husband for his tact and generosity: "I send you ten pounds. . . . John does not like to know anything about my money after he gives it to me which is very delicate in him because he knows very well that I buy or send you a little present now and then he says the money is entirely my own & he would be very sorry if I had not a little over for anything I desired" (212-13). Moreover when writing from Venice, she again praises him, telling her mother that her companion
Charlotte is just saying she thinks of writing a pamphlet on what a husband ought to be and giving John as a model, which he really is. I never saw any person so free from petty faults and narrow mindedness although peculiar in many ways. His gallantry of behavior to us both is most charming and he is so considerate and thoughtful for me that I am sure Papa would be quite delighted if he saw how kind he is. [273; also 276, 280-81]
Effie briefly tried to assist Ruskin in his researches, but he knew that she would be much happier in society, and in Venice he encouraged her to socialize. Brownell, who believes their second stay in Venice "seems to have been very much Effie's decision, although John had already planned to do some work there," concludes that whether either of them consciously set out to do so
during their stay in Venice, John and Effie had conducted a very radical experiment in marital relations on the continental model. Whether this was by design or accident is not clear. What is certain is that for her part Effie found the experiment extremely rewarding and was reluctant to leave. No other conclusion can be drawn from her letters home. For most of the time in Venice she and John had indeed lived virtually separate lives. If her letters are anything to go by she had very little interest in her husbands work. She only referred to his book once and never mentioned its title. She assumed that John was also quite content with the way they were living and it would seem that she intended this lifestyle to continue after the couple returned to London.
So what went so disastrously wrong? What made Ruskin who had looked forward to his young wife's twenty-fifth birthday decide he would not consummate their marriage? What, in turn, made the woman who had praised him as the perfect husband suddenly hate him? Their stay in Venice, which had seemed a perfect a place for them both to carry on their approaches to this unconsummated marriage, saw Ruskin's opinion of his wife change dramatically.
Taking into consideration all the available evidence on this Venetian episode, the facts seem to be these. Because of the difficult nature of the relationship with her husband and because of the mismatch of their two characters, Effie was left in a tricky social limbo which her flirtatious character made even more dangerous. The peculiar circumstances of the Venetian occupation surrounded her with lots of young men short of dancing partners and accustomed to solving problems with violence. Over time Effie had made several enemies amongst her erstwhile admirers by unintentionally but predictably raising hopes, arousing jealousy and thereby causing unpleasantness, and, less predictably, death and injury. The same political naivety which endeared Effie to the Austrians also made her unpopular with the locals and with her servants. . . . What began as a generous impulse on John's plan not to thwart her enjoyment of activities in which he himself had neither time nor inclination to indulge, soon turned into a very dangerous game indeed as they both realised that the marriage was never going to develop into a loving relationship. [343, 316].
As far as I can determine, Effie's involvement with some dangerous characters, the theft of her jewels, and her general conduct seems to have awakened Ruskin to the realization that she was not then nor would she ever become the woman he wanted as a wife and mother of his children. Brownell also argues that Effie's naive insensitivity to the political situation in Venice also caused problems:
Falling out with influential members of the Austrian army was not a wise move, especially since Effie had made sufficient enemies on the other side. Being more interested in men and balls than politics she, unlike John and his servant George, had always been a great enthusiast for the Austrians. Whilst her husband spoke Italian and kept his social contacts with the Austrians to a minimum, she spoke German and was constantly attended by the Austrian military. Effie seemed blissfully unaware that her handsome young Austrians were professional men of violence who had just waged a brutal and bloody campaign across Northern Italy, had besieged and shelled Venice and were regarded by the defeated Venetians as their bitter enemies. . . . Consorting with the forces of a violent occupation had to be done diplomatically when your house servants were the ones being occupied, Effie, however, even had a dress made in the Austrian colours ot orange and black. Her young Italian music master made it very clear to her that he did not enjoy teaching her when she was wearing it, nor would he have appreciated being asked by Effie to play music by German composers. The cook too seems to have become disaffected . . . [328-29]
I don't find this line of reasoning all that convincing in respect to the couple's relationship to one another, though it's possible that the general situation drove a wedge between Ruskin and his wife.
I find Marriage of Inconvenience's careful examination of the legal end of their marriage as informative and convincing as its analysis of evidence about the courtship, marriage, both families, and the social, political, and economic contexts it examines. Because Euphemia Gray and John Ruskin married in Scotland, where the divorce laws were much easier for a man who wanted to end a marriage than they were in England, Ruskin could have easily divorced his wife. He could charge her with misconduct or adultery without having to name the adulterer. According to Brownell, Ruskin, who had begun to keep a journal noting his wife's conduct, had the means of obtaining a divorce but did not wish to subject either of them to a public scandal. The marriage was annulled on grounds of Ruskin's supposed sexuality incapacity, and by making sure he was out of the country when the case was heard, he did not have be examined or contest Effie's petition. Oddly enough, even if the man in question later had a child by another woman, that did not invalidate the annulment, but Effie may not have known that, and she thought it in her family's interest to prevent Ruskin's marriage to Rose La Touche, mistakenly assuming that such would cancel the annulment.
The annulment was supposed to provide an easy way out for both parties, but Ruskin hadn't taken into account the fierce hostility of the Eastlakes, who were looking for an opportunity to humiliate the man who had so criticized the director of the National Gallery. Another point occasioned by the fact that the marriage took place in Scotland: because the marriage laws of England and Scotland differed, one could not annul a Scottish marriage in England, so the annulment may well have been illegal!
Related Material
- Another review of this book (James Spaes)
- "For Godsake be done with railways and shares!" — the Railway Panics of the 1840s
- "The Dark Shadow": Consumption (tuberculosis) in the families of nineteenth-century writers
- Robert Brownell on Ruskin's unconsummated marriage
Brownell, Robert. Marriage of Inconvenience: John Ruskin, Effie Gray, John Everett Millais and the surprising truth about the most notorious marriage of the nineteenth century. London: Pallas Athene, 2013.
Last modified 30 April 2024