text:
On-Demand 24/7 US Notaries Serving Colombia
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Complete a notarization in 15 minutes. Notarize costs $25 per document + $10 per additional notary seal.
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- $10 per additional notarization seal
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- Access to on-demand 24/7 notaries
- Connect with a notary from anywhere
- $50 for one notarization
- $50 per additional notarization seal
- In-person meetings are required
- Limited hours and appointment based
- Limited locations in the country
Still need to visit in-person? Additional resources and information is available on the Colombia US embassy website.
Learn why thousands of Americans abroad use Notarize
We are the first notary public platform to allow any person or business to get their documents legally notarized online, 24/7.
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Upload the full document (not just the signature page) as a .pdf or .docx file. Don't have the file saved? Use your mobile phone to scan and upload the document.
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Your documents and transaction details will be securely stored in your account where you'll also be able to initiate future notarizations and eSigns.
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A Wi-Fi enabled device with a camera is required for all notary meetings. Having a strong setup will ensure you're set up for success.
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Proof uses identification verification technology to ensure a secure transaction. Answer a few questions about your past, take a photo of your ID, and we'll confirm your identity in seconds.
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Notaries typically get connected with signers in as little as 2 seconds and are available 24/7.
6. Access your completed document
View and share your signed documents anytime directly from within the Proof platform.
7. Download or send document to another person
Share your documents within seconds.
Americans abroad have these questions about online notarization
Yes, online notarization is legal and secure to use in Colombia. All transactions through the Notarize platform undergo a dynamic, multi-factor authentication process. Knowledge-Based Authentication, Credential Analysis, and native platform tools to support proper notarial vetting ensure that Notarize is a simpler, smarter, and safer solution.
Ready to get started? Notarize a Document Now.
Notarize your documents entirely online by connecting with a commissioned notary public by live video. Skip the hassle of trying to find a US notary public near you, and connect with one of our on-demand 24/7 notaries right now.
In order to complete an online notarization in Colombia, you will need the following:
- An original, unsigned document (Don't sign it before uploading! You must sign with the notary public).
- A computer, iPhone, or Android phone with audio and video capabilities.
- A valid government–issued photo ID. Please see acceptable forms of identification for notarization.
- A U.S. social security number for secure identity verification.
A single document can be notarized for $25 using Notarize. Each additional notary seal will cost $10 but most documents only require one. If you're a business, and need to send documents for customers to sign, head on over to the Notarize pricing page for our plans.
Ready to get started? Notarize a Document Now.


text:
Gerrit Code Review comes with a REST like API available over HTTP. The API is suitable for automated tools to build upon, as well as supporting some ad-hoc scripting use cases.
See also: REST API Developers' Notes.
- /access/
Access Right related REST endpoints
- /accounts/
Account related REST endpoints
- /changes/
Change related REST endpoints
- /config/
Config related REST endpoints
- /groups/
Group related REST endpoints
- /plugins/
Plugin related REST endpoints
- /projects/
Project related REST endpoints
- /Documentation/
Documentation related REST endpoints
Protocol Details
By default all REST endpoints assume anonymous access and filter results to correspond to what anonymous users can read (which may be nothing at all).
Users (and programs) can authenticate with HTTP passwords by prefixing
the endpoint URL with /a/
. For example to authenticate to
, request the URL /a/projects/
. Gerrit will use HTTP basic
authentication with the HTTP password from the user's account settings
page. This form of authentication bypasses the need for XSRF tokens.
An authorization cookie may be presented in the request URL inside the
query parameter. XSRF tokens are not required when a
valid access_token
is used in the URL.
Cross-site scripting may be supported if the administrator has configured site.allowOriginRegex.
Approved web applications running from an allowed origin can rely on
CORS preflight to authorize requests requiring cookie based
authentication, or mutations (POST, PUT, DELETE). Mutations require a
valid XSRF token in the X-Gerrit-Auth
request header.
Alternatively applications can use access_token
in the URL (see
above) to authorize requests. Mutations sent as POST with a request
content type of text/plain
can skip CORS preflight. Gerrit accepts
additional query parameters $m
to override the correct method (PUT,
POST, DELETE) and $ct
to specify the actual content type, such as
application/json; charset=UTF-8
. Example:
POST /changes/42/topic?$m=PUT&$ct=application/json%3B%20charset%3DUTF-8&access_token=secret HTTP/1.1 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Length: 23 {"topic": "new-topic"}
Clients can request PUT to create a new resource and not overwrite
an existing one by adding If-None-Match: *
to the request HTTP
headers. If the named resource already exists the server will respond
with HTTP 412 Precondition Failed.
Backwards Compatibility
The REST API is regularly extended (e.g. addition of new REST endpoints or new fields in existing JSON entities). Callers of the REST API must be able to deal with this (e.g. ignore unknown fields in the REST responses). Incompatible changes (e.g. removal of REST endpoints, altering/removal of existing fields in JSON entities) are avoided if possible, but can happen in rare cases. If they happen, they are announced in the release notes.
Output Format
JSON responses are encoded using UTF-8 and use content type
By default most APIs return pretty-printed JSON, which uses extra whitespace to make the output more readable for humans.
Compact JSON can be requested by setting the pp=0
query parameter,
or by setting the Accept
HTTP request header to include application/json
GET /projects/ HTTP/1.0 Accept: application/json
Producing (and parsing) the non-pretty compact format is more efficient, so tools should request it whenever possible.
To prevent against Cross Site Script Inclusion (XSSI) attacks, the JSON response body starts with a magic prefix line that must be stripped before feeding the rest of the response body to a JSON parser:
)]}' [ ... valid JSON ... ]
Responses will be gzip compressed by the server if the HTTP
request header is set to gzip
. This may
save on network transfer time for larger responses.
Input Format
Unknown JSON parameters will simply be ignored by Gerrit without causing an exception. This also applies to case-sensitive parameters, such as map keys.
Timestamps are given in UTC and have the format "'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.fffffffff'" where "'ffffffffff'" represents nanoseconds.
All IDs that appear in the URL of a REST call (e.g. project name, group name) must be URL encoded.
Response Codes
The Gerrit REST endpoints use HTTP status codes as described in the HTTP specification.
In most cases, the response body of an error response will be a plaintext, human-readable error message.
Here are examples that show how HTTP status codes are used in the context of the Gerrit REST API.
400 Bad Request
"400 Bad Request" is returned if the request is not understood by the server due to malformed syntax.
E.g. "400 Bad Request" is returned if JSON input is expected but the 'Content-Type' of the request is not 'application/json' or the request body doesn't contain valid JSON.
"400 Bad Request" is also returned if required input fields are not set or if options are set which cannot be used together.
403 Forbidden
"403 Forbidden" is returned if the operation is not allowed because the calling user does not have sufficient permissions.
E.g. some REST endpoints require that the calling user has certain global capabilities assigned.
"403 Forbidden" is also returned if self
is used as account ID and the
REST call was done without authentication.
404 Not Found
"404 Not Found" is returned if the resource that is specified by the URL is not found or is not visible to the calling user. A resource cannot be found if the URL contains a non-existing ID or view.
405 Method Not Allowed
"405 Method Not Allowed" is returned if the resource exists but doesn't support the operation.
E.g. some of the /groups/
endpoints are only supported for Gerrit
internal groups; if they are invoked for an external group the response
is "405 Method Not Allowed".
409 Conflict
"409 Conflict" is returned if the request cannot be completed because the current state of the resource doesn't allow the operation.
E.g. if you try to submit a change that is abandoned, this fails with "409 Conflict" because the state of the change doesn't allow the submit operation.
"409 Conflict" is also returned if you try to create a resource but the name is already occupied by an existing resource.
412 Precondition Failed
"412 Precondition Failed" is returned if a precondition from the request header fields is not fulfilled, as described in the Preconditions section.
422 Unprocessable Entity
"422 Unprocessable Entity" is returned if the ID of a resource that is specified in the request body cannot be resolved.
429 Too Many Requests
"429 Too Many Requests" is returned if the request exhausted any set quota limits. Depending on the exhausted quota, the request may be retried with exponential backoff.
Request Tracing
For each REST endpoint tracing can be enabled by setting the
request parameter. It is recommended to use the ID
of the issue that is being investigated as trace ID.
GET /changes/myProject~master~I8473b95934b5732ac55d26311a706c9c2bde9940/suggest_reviewers?trace=issue/123&q=J
It is also possible to omit the trace ID and get a unique trace ID generated.
GET /changes/myProject~master~I8473b95934b5732ac55d26311a706c9c2bde9940/suggest_reviewers?trace&q=J
Alternatively request tracing can also be enabled by setting the
GET /changes/myProject~master~I8473b95934b5732ac55d26311a706c9c2bde9940/suggest_reviewers?q=J X-Gerrit-Trace: issue/123
Enabling tracing results in additional logs with debug information that
are written to the error_log
. All logs that correspond to the traced
request are associated with the trace ID. The trace ID is returned with
the REST response in the X-Gerrit-Trace
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Disposition: attachment Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8 X-Gerrit-Trace: 1533885943749-8257c498 )]}' ... <json> ...
Given the trace ID an administrator can find the corresponding logs and investigate issues more easily.
Setting a deadline
When invoking a REST endpoint it's possible that the client sets a deadline
after which the request should be aborted. To do this the X-Gerrit-Deadline
header must be set on the request. Values must be specified using standard time
unit abbreviations ('ms', 'sec', 'min', etc.).
GET /changes/myProject~master~I8473b95934b5732ac55d26311a706c9c2bde9940/suggest_reviewers?q=J X-Gerrit-Deadline: 5m
Setting a deadline on the request overrides any server-side deadline that has been configured on the host.
This is only enabled when "X-Gerrit-UpdatedRef-Enabled" is set to "true" in the request header.
For each write REST request, we return X-Gerrit-UpdatedRef headers as the refs that were updated in the current request (involved in a ref transaction in the current request).
The format of those headers is PROJECT_NAME~REF_NAME\~OLD_SHA-1\~NEW_SHA-1
The project and ref names are URL-encoded, and must use %7E for '~'.
A new SHA-1 of 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
is treated as a
deleted ref.
If the new SHA-1 is not 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
, the ref was
either updated or created.
If the old SHA-1 is 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
, the ref was
DELETE /changes/myProject~master~I8473b95934b5732ac55d26311a706c9c2bde9940
HTTP/1.1 204 NO CONTENT Content-Disposition: attachment Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8 X-Gerrit-UpdatedRef: myProject~refs%2Fchanges%2F01%2F1%2F1~deadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeef~0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 X-Gerrit-UpdatedRef: myProject~refs%2Fchanges%2F01%2F1%2Fmeta~deadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeef~0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )]}'
Part of Gerrit Code Review

subset: commoncrawl


text:
First Quarter in Libra
First Quarter on . The illuminated surface of the moon is 47% and growing larger. The lunar cycle is 7 days young.
* The exact date and time of this First Quarter phase is on 15 July 2032 at 18:32 UTC.
Moonrise and moonset
The moon rises at noon and sets at midnight. It is visible high in the southern sky in early evening.


text:
One of THE hippest conglomeration of Tokyo designer's dens is the Kitakore Building in Koenji, housing Dog, ilil, Garter, Southpaw (ex-Nincompoop Capacity) and more.
Not the flashy, extravagant, "I'm so money" kind of fashion stores you see lining Omotesando; oh no. This is cutting edge punk, futuristic, amazingly quirky fashion, as sought out by the likes of Lady Gaga, and worn by the hipsters gracing the pages of street fashion bibles Fashion Snap, Tokyo Street Fashion, Japanese Streets etc.
Though not far from Koenji Station, you could easily walk past Kitakore. There is no advertising campaign about the venue and it is not well known by the average shopper. In fact, a few years ago when I asked my Japanese goth friends to take me there, they didn't know of it! Mind you, fashionistas and fashion bloggers do; there are more and more posts (like this one) extolling the virtues of the place, so it can no longer really be called "secret". But mainstream it is not.
Even armed with a map this time around, I had to wander a bit before finding it. On the way I saw some wonderful buildings like this old style house:
If you know to look for a puffer-jacketed mannequin out the front, and if you know the heavily-spiked punk jackets Dog is known for, then you will know Kitakore when you see this:
Walk down the block a little and you can see the signs of the stores:
The Garter entrance (below left) is one entrance, or on the main drag next to the stairwell to Southpaw (below right) is the more hidden entrance into the bowels of the building itself:
From the hidden entrance you walk downstairs, not even sure you should be going there, due to lack of signage. But keep going and you will stumble onto Dog and ilil, much whiter and lighter on the inside than you expect from the outside. (For a FANTASTIC 360 degree view check this site out)
LOVE the bright blue leather heavily-studded jacket you can just see hanging on the door in the middle of this pic:
Before even setting eyes on the fashion, the fantastical interiors grab your attention, especially in the case of the store ilil. I found myself very at home with the quirky eyeballs, strange anatomical/taxidermy items and general zaniness.
There ARE actually great jackets & other items to buy; it's just hard to focus when so much else is going on visually 😉
I chatted to ilil owner Rachel while I walked around, who remembered Nadia & Cami of Di$count fondly, with whom the Kitakore designers did a collaboration a while back. See "Kita-kore Magik!" for more on that. Rachel, like the other Kitakore peeps, actually designs/creates/repurposes the fashion in a tiny little workspace at the back of the store. I love how Cami of Di$count put it:
It's a whole experience seeing how the designers make so much from so little. The term 'hole in the wall' is pretty much spot on. Even in such a tiny space, the character and passion is overflowing – it's such an electrifying little building!
Rachel and I chatted upcoming Halloween parties/clubs, but Rachel confided she was being alcohol and late night-free at the mo', due to training for an upcoming marathon. How refreshingly non-rock n roll! Ya see kids You can still be at the forefront of sub-cultural fashion and still have a healthy lifestyle 🙂 Anyways, a few more photies before we head off; don'tcha just love the helmet adorned in "gold leaf" from Moet cork wrappers?? Totally inventive.
Looking out the window just above the jackets rail, I could see that sadly, the gelato coloured lounge setting was no longer present n the rooftop 🙁 See my post "Cool places in Shimokita and Koenji" for pics and more from my July 2010 visit.
No visit is complete without a troop upstairs to Southpaw, formerly known as Nicompoop Capacity. Honestly, the fashion isn't my style at all, and it seems ever so slightly daggy secondhand stuff – but my aesthetic isn't the same as that of japanese vintage-hipster-kids, so what do i know? Frankly, the stairwell going up to the store is more interesting than the interior IMO.
There are many other really interesting stores in Koenji, and some of these I will feature in an upcoming post. Likewise I'll post on when I headed to Harajuku to see the other Dog store (amazing!).
For more inspiration/info on Kitakore and it's occupants, see the links below.
Koenji's Kitakore Building article from Nippon.com
Style Bubble post Kitakore Kicks
Garter website
Ilil online shop
ilil tumblr
Kitakore building blog
Kitakore tumblr


text: Flaunt your Hardcore attitude with these 2x5 inch high quality die-cut stickers. They're perfect any place you put them. Available in black or white, they are great for your tow rig, your wheeler, tool box or trailer. Long lasting automotive grade vinyl ensures many years of solid performance. They even stay in place under windshield wipers.


text:
Webahead Internet is a leading specialist in web design and marketing, from our offices in Darlington we have established a strong track record in the provision of web design and cater for companies throughout the region, including in Darlington, Durham, Newcastle and Middlesbrough.
The Internet has rarely played a more instrumental role in corporate success. Today, with more people than ever using the World Wide Web (WWW) to search for the best and most suitable products and services in addition to the most competitive prices, you can't afford to neglect any aspect of your company's online presence.
More than that, however, it's vital to have a company by your side that knows how to manage each and every one of these aspects. That means hiring a team of experts that can not only design a business website to attract more visitors, encourage more clicks and boost sales, but that can also make the most of considerable hard-won expertise to fine-tune your whole website.
Whether your firm is based in Durham, Middlesbrough, Newcastle or indeed right near our own premises here in Darlington, and irrespective of your other exact needs, we'll ensure that your web presence does exactly what you need it to do, contributing greatly to your company's growth and financial success.
Our creative open minded web development studio is located in Darlington, County Durham. Feel free to pop in to have a chat & a coffee with your account manager or web designer.
Phone: 01325 582112
3 Trinity Court, Faverdale North,
Darlington, County Durham,


text:
The purpose of these mailing lists is to better coordinate the distribution of different types of information to the FDSN community.
You are not logged in. Log in or register to subscribe to or unsubscribe from topics.
Only one FDSN representative per organisation
Station Siting and Instrumentation
Data Format, Data Centers and Software
FDSN Working Group III on Coordination of Products, Tools and Services
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Coordination
Portable Instrumentation


text:
Healthcare and insurances
Hopefully it won't be necessary but should need to access healthcare during your studies, you can find all the necessary contact information here. Make sure you also have adequate health insurance. This is a legal requirement in the Netherlands. We also highly recommend that you take out liability insurance.
Important phone numbers
Make sure you are registered with a general practitioner ('huisarts' in Dutch) close to where you live during your studies. You need to be registered with a GP before you can make an appointment or request a referral to a specialist.
- You can search for a doctor via Zorgkaart Nederland. The site is in Dutch but just select your town under 'Plaats' in the left-hand menu to see all GP practices in your area.
- In The Hague, students living in the central and railway stations area could consider registering with Biking+Doctors, The Student Doctors or Praktijk Shams. They have experience in assisting (international) students and are currently accepting new patients.
Contact the practice directly to ask how to register.
Due to the selected cookie settings, we cannot show this video here.
Watch the video on the original website orIf you need urgent assistance from a GP outside office hours, you can contact the 'out-of-hours doctor's post ('huisartsenpost' in Dutch). By urgent is meant a serious medical issue for which treatment cannot be delayed.
- Out-of-hours doctor's post in Leiden – tel: 088 - 427 47 00
- Out-of-hours doctor's post in The Hague – tel: 070 346 96 69
Be aware that:
- This service is strictly for urgent situations and costs more than a regular GP visit. Your health insurance will only reimburse you if it was indeed urgent.
- When you call the out-of-hours doctor's post, an assistant will ask you a number of questions to assess the urgency of the situation, decide whether a visit is necessary and tell you what time you should come. This initial telephone assessment is not free of charge.
- If you have an European Health Insurance card (EHIC), remember to take it along with you.
- You will be asked to pay for your visit. If you have an EHIC, you can request a reimbursement via this form. If you do not have an EHIC, ask your insurance provider how to request a reimbursement.
Hospitals in Leiden
Leiden University Medical Centre
Albinusdreef 2, Leiden
071 526 9111
Alrijne hospital
Multiple locations in and near Leiden
Hospitals in The Hague
Multiple locations in The Hague
Multiple locations in The Hague
Here below are the contact details of a number of useful services and organisations.
Find a dentist via tandarts.nl.
This is a Dutch website but you simply need to type Leiden or 'den Haag' (Dutch spelling) in the search field and you will be provided with addresses and telephone numbers of local dentists. The Dutch word for dentist is 'tandarts'.
Find a pharmacy via www.apotheek.nl.
This is a Dutch website but you simply need to type Leiden or Den Haag (Dutch spelling) in the search field and you will be provided with addresses and telephone numbers of local pharmacies. The Dutch word for pharmacy is 'apotheek'.
113 Suicide prevention
113 Suicide Prevention is the national Dutch suicide prevention centre. You can call them 24/7 via tel: 0800 0113 (from within the Netherlands), or chat online. A team of fully-trained volunteers, psychologists and psychiatrists is always on hand to offer you confidential advice and support.
Aids STD Infoline
Aids Fonds
www.aidsfonds.nl (website in Dutch)
Tel: 0900 – 204 2040
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Addiction and mental health
Trimbos Institute (websites in Dutch)
Tel: 0900 – 1995
Smoking info: rokeninfo.nl
Alcohol info: alcoholinfo.nl
Drugs info: drugsinfo.nl
Walk-in Centre for Psychiatry
This is an independent, informal meeting place for people with psychiatric issues or concerns.
Hooigracht 12-14
2312 KS Leiden
Tel: 071 5141808
Tuesday till Saturday 19.30 - 22.30, Sundays 16.00 – 19.00
inloophuis-psychiatrie.nl (website in Dutch)
Korrelatie is a national organisation that offers anonymous, professional psychiatric and psychosocial support.
Tel: 0900 – 1450
korrelatie.nl (website in Dutch)
Sexual discrimination, intimidation or assault
Leiden University has a confidential counsellor on unacceptable behaviour who you can contact if you have been the victim of unacceptable behaviour on the part of a staff member or fellow student of Leiden University.
Have you been sexually assaulted or raped? Call the Sexual Assualt Center, where a team of professionals, including doctors, psychologists and police officers, is on hand to give you the care and help you need. Also see Leiden University's Unacceptable behaviour page for further information on help and support.
All residents in the Netherlands must have adequate health insurance at all times. The type of policy you need depends on the coverage you require and whether you will work or do a paid internship during your studies. We also strongly recommend that you take out liability insurance.
For information on arranging health and liability insurance and the type of policy you need, visit the Prepare your stay website.


text:
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ItemWhat Drives States to Restrict Stem Cell Research? An Event-History Analysis(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009-10-03) Hearn, James C. ; Lacy, T. Austin ; Levine, Aaron D.Since human embryonic stem cells were first isolated in 1998, stem cell science has rapidly emerged on the policy agenda both at the national and state levels. This policy activity reflects the contentious nature of this research. Supporters of human embryonic stem cell research point to the ability of these cells to give rise to any cell type in the human body and suggest that this science will usher in a new era of regenerative medicine. Detractors argue not about the potential of this research, but about its ethics. Specifically, they argue that the destruction of human embryos required by human embryonic stem cell research and the potential use of cloning technology to create patient-matched human embryonic stem cells make this technology immoral. Policymakers around the world have balanced these competing views in different manners. As a result, a heterogeneous patchwork of policies has emerged where some jurisdictions actively support research in this field while others deliberately restrict it (Knowles, 2004). This patchwork is particularly evident at the state level within the United States. Ten states have adopted policies that support human embryonic stem cell research, and eight states have acted to restrict research in this field. Supportive policies typically legalize human embryonic stem cell research and related technologies or provide state funding to support this research, while restrictive policies outlaw specific research practices or place limits on the use of state funding to support this field. Despite this atypically heterogeneous policy environment, the factors that influence adoption of state stem cell policies have not been systematically explored and remain poorly understood. This paper seeks to address this gap in the literature and offer insight into the factors that influence states to adopt stem cell policies. We focus on restrictive stem cell (RSC) policies and, building on insights from previous studies of state policy adoption, ask how state-level characteristics, such as the strength of its economy and the political make-up of its government, influence the adoption of these policies. In addition, we test a diffusion model of policy adoption, asking how the adoption of RSC policies is influenced by the adoption of stem cell policies in neighboring states. In this analysis, time is measured discretely as the calendar year in which a state first adopted such a policy. Our data set begins in 1998, when Michigan adopted an RSC policy, and continues until 2007, by which time a total of 8 states had adopted a policy of this kind. Our method utilizes a type of Event History Analysis (EHA) known as the Cox Proportional Hazards Model (CPH). The CPH focuses on the relationship in panel data between the event outcome and the covariates of theoretical interest, without the need for specifying a functional form of the duration dependence (Box-Steffensmeier and Jones, 2004). The dependent variable expresses the duration of time in years (t) until a state (i) adopts a policy. CPH calculates a survival function, representing the probability that a unit will "survive" (or fail to experience the event) longer than time t (Box-Steffensmeier and Jones, 2004; Box-Steffensmeier and Bradford, 2004; Singer and Willett, 2003). Next, the hazard function, our primary dependent variable of interest, is calculated. The hazard function represents the instantaneous rate of change in the probability of experiencing an event at time t, conditional upon "survival" up to the specified period of time. For our analysis, the hazard function indicates the probability that a state without a RSC policy will adopt one in a particular year, given its values of the independent variables that are hypothesized to influence change. Maximum partial likelihood estimation is used to calculate the parameter estimates. An advantage of CPH is its superior capability of dealing with the "right-censoring" problem, that is, the likelihood of event occurrence after the time period for which data are available. Our findings suggest that, in the context of a variety of control factors, states having a republican governor, a low unemployment rate, a conservative citizen ideology, and a higher number of contiguous states previously enacting any type of stem cell legislation were more likely to adopt these policies. An interaction effect between citizen ideology and the number of contiguous states previously adopting a policy reveals that conservative states and liberal states respond to the diffusion of stem cell policies differently. That is, partisan politics, a state's ideological characteristics, and interstate diffusion all contribute to the decision to adopt a prohibitive stem cell policy in both straightforward and dynamic manners. Future models on this project will update the analytic dataset to incorporate the adoption of a PSC by additional states in 2008 and will incorporate variables related to electoral timing and states' religious preferences. Prior studies have examined the adoption of morality policies, such as restrictions on access to abortion or capital punishment, as well as, to a lesser extent, economic development policies. The case of stem cell policy examined here extends the policy adoption literature by illuminating the factors that drive policy adoption when lawmakers are forced to balance ethical concerns with potential health benefits and economic development opportunities. References Box-Steffensmeier, J.M., & Jones, B.S. (2004). Event history modeling: A guide for social scientists. Cambridge: New York: Cambridge University Press. Box-Steffensmeier, J.M., & Bradford, S.J. (2004). Timing and political change: Event history modeling in political science. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Knowles, L. P. (2004). "A Regulatory Patchwork - Human ES Cell Research Oversight." Nature Biotechnology 22(2): 157-73) Singer, J. D., & Willett, J. B. (2003). Applied longitudinal data analysis: Modeling change and event occurrence. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
ItemSelf-Regulation, Compensation, and the Ethical Recruitment of Oocyte Donors(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009-10-02) Levine, Aaron D.Although oocyte donation is an increasingly important component of fertility treatment in the United States, few regulations address this ethically-contentious practice. Rather, oversight relies on self-regulation in the form of ethics guidelines published by professional organizations. Among other topics, these guidelines include limits on the appropriate compensation for oocyte donors. Specifically, the Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine has written that "at this time sums of $5,000 or more require justification and sums above $10,000 are not appropriate." Furthermore, they indicate that compensation should be for the lost time and inconvenience of the donation process and, accordingly not vary with the characteristics of the individual donor. This research aims to test compliance with these guidelines. To do so, it reports the analysis of a novel dataset of oocyte donor recruitment advertisements found in student newspapers. Nearly half of the advertisements offered compensation that the ethical guidelines deem "inappropriate" or "requiring justification." Regression techniques are used to explore the factors that explain differences in the amount of compensation offered to potential oocyte donors. This analysis finds that for advertisements placed by donor agencies or individual couples, the average SAT score of students at schools where the advertisements were placed was an important predictor of compensation, suggesting that donor personal characteristics are influencing compensation. Varying compensation in this manner would be another violation of the ethical guidelines. Further research will explore the effects of regional competition on the amount of compensation offered to potential oocyte donors. These results highlight the challenges associated with relying on self-regulation to ensure oocyte donors are recruited and compensated in an ethical manner and raise questions about the effectiveness of self-regulation as a means to ensure compliance with ethics guidelines.


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Pushing Onwards
Return of the ChipophoneThe Chipophone bleeps again! This is my cover of Pushing Onwards, from the 2010 retro-game VVVVVV.
I made the Chipophone back in 2010, and went on to release videos for about a year. But when the kids were born, I had much less time on my hands, and when I did get a few moments, I wanted to be as quiet as possible. But I kept reading all the comments and maintaining a list of requests.
As a bit of spare time came trickling back, I found myself focusing on other projects. It wasn't so much that the Chipophone was shelved, but rather that the Chipophone itself had become a shelf. That, and two of the switches had stopped working.
I was also getting annoyed by the aliasing that was prominent in high-pitched notes, especially when played with a vibrato. This had been pointed out to me from the start by several people, although it didn't bother me at the time. But once I started noticing it, there was no turning back. I knew how to fix it with a technique called PolyBLEPs, but that would have been too CPU-intensive for the sound-generating microcontroller, an ATmega88 that I had already pushed to the limit. So I decided to replace it with a full-fledged Raspberry Pi that I had lying around. This involved porting the C code and re-implementing the assembly code that I wrote all those years back, but luckily it turned out to be readable. I have configured the Raspberry Pi to boot a Linux kernel, but then to use my own program as init, which makes the system power up in a few seconds. It reverts to the normal init program if a jumper is present on a GPIO pin, which provides a neat way for me to access the system over ethernet and work on the software.
As for the switches, there's some kind of mechanical failure that I haven't been able to fix, although I haven't given up entirely yet. But my priority was to make the instrument playable, so I decided to replace the faulty switches with a pair of pushbuttons, at least for the time being. I moved the Fade Out and Record functions to these buttons. Especially for the Record button, this makes a lot of sense: It has three states now (stop, record, play) instead of the earlier two (play, record). In the old version, to stop a loop, I had to enter record mode and immediately leave it, thus creating a blank recording. But that always triggered an undesired metronome click.
So yeah, it took me a while, but it's great to finally have the Chipophone in good shape again. From my own perspective, it's just so much fun to play it! And hopefully it is still capable of spreading warm feelings of nostalgia and happiness around the world!
- Linus Akesson - Chipophone - Pushing Onwards.mp3 (MP3, 2.8 MB)
Posted Sunday 25-Mar-2018 14:25
Discuss this page
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Jag tar inget ansvar för det som skrivs i forumet, förutom mina egna inlägg. Vänligen rapportera alla inlägg som bryter mot reglerna, så ska jag se vad jag kan göra. Som regelbrott räknas till exempel förolämpningar, förtal, spam och olagligt material. Mata inte trålarna.
Sun 25-Mar-2018 18:56
Mon 26-Mar-2018 03:21
Tue 27-Mar-2018 22:27
Wed 28-Mar-2018 16:50
Because Ultibo has no audio driver yet, I wrote my own which uses 8 bit PWM @ 960 kHz sample rate with the noise shaper This gives a clear sound out of the RPi audio jack. There is also something like SID emulator (not 100% exact emulation and still buggy but most of PSID files can be played using it) )and 6502 emulator available.
Ultibo: https://ultibo.org/
Audio driver (beta) https://github.com/pik33/SimpleAudio
"SID-like thing" (written mostly in asm) an be found here https://github.com/pik33/ultibo_retro_gui in unit retromalina.pas
Wed 2-May-2018 06:12
In case you get bored and looking for new songs to play, I've compiled some suggestions from my personal NES favorite music:
Battletoads: Ragnarok Canyon, Arctic Cavern, Surf City, Clue Room
Double dragon: Title theme, Mission 1
Gauntlet: Song A, Song B, Song C, Song D
Gyruss: Prologue Theme, Stage 1, Stage 2, Chance Stage, Boss Battle
Legend of kage: Stage Theme
Mega man 1: Cutman, Elecman, Gutsman,
Mega man 2: Metal Man, Heat Man, Wood Man, Air Man, Flash Man, Boss Battle, Dr. Wily's Castle II
Mega man 3: Needle Man, Magnet Man, Hard Man, Top Man, Snake Man, Spark Man, Shadow Man,Dr. Wily's Castle 1,Dr. Wily's Castle 2, Dr. Wily's Castle 3
Predator: Stage Theme 1, Stage Theme 2, Stage Theme 3, Stage Theme 4
Robocop: Stage Theme, Boss Battle
Keep up the good work!
Sat 5-May-2018 14:54
Fri 27-Jul-2018 08:40
I think it would be a challenge :)
Tue 21-Aug-2018 15:36
Sun 4-Nov-2018 21:07
Fri 25-Sep-2020 00:26
Wed 12-May-2021 19:49


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In 2017 the EKD celebrates the 500th anniversary of the Reformation. On this occasion, we look back over our historical and theological heritage and inquire what essential insights it holds for today. Amidst all the gratitude and joy, we do not close our eyes to the mistakes made by the Reformers and Reformation churches and their involvement in guilt.
Troubling perceptions
- The Reformation aimed to reform the church by the power of the gospel. This rarely gave rise to a new way of regarding the Jews. The Reformers operated within a tradition of anti-Judaic thought patterns, the roots of which reached back to the early church.
- It is our responsibility to clarify how we deal with the anti-Judaic statements made during the Reformation period and the history of their impact and reception. We ask to what extent they fostered a generally anti-Judaic attitude in Protestant churches and how this can be overcome today. Engaging with Martin Luther's attitude towards the Jews takes on exemplary significance in this process.
- Luther linked central insights of his theology with anti-Judaic thought patterns. His recommendations for dealing with Jews in practice were contradictory. First he argued for a friendly, persuasive approach to Jews, and then resorted to invective, demanding that they be deprived of their rights and expelled.
- In the lead-up to the Reformation anniversary we cannot bypass this history of guilt. The fact that Luther's anti-Judaic recommendations in later life were a source for Nazi anti-Semitism is a further burden weighing on the Protestant churches in Germany.
A distressing legacy
- Luther's early statements and his late writings from 1538, with their undisguised hatred of Jews, show continuity in his theological judgment. He regarded the Judaism of his time as a religion that had missed its own calling. It was guided by the meritoriousness of works and refused to read the Old Testament as leading up to Jesus Christ. According to Luther, the suffering experienced by the Jews was an expression of God's punishment for their denial of Jesus Christ.
- Luther's judgment was bound up with the western tradition of hostility towards the Jews. At first he rejected widespread slanderous tales such as the charges of desecrating the Eucharistic host and of ritual murder, stating that they were lies and fabrications. Later he returned to obsolete stereotypes and remained blinded by irrational fears and resentments.
- Luther believed that Christians could only live alongside Jews on a temporary basis, and in the hope of converting them. In 1523, in a clear critique of the customary Jew-baiting, he expressed the hope that "if one deals in a kindly way with the Jews and instructs them carefully from Holy Scripture, many of them will become genuine Christians." [1] (That Jesus Christ was Born a Jew). In 1543 he composed On the Jews and Their Lies. For fear that tolerating the Jewish religion could bring down the wrath of God upon the Christian community as well, he ended this treatise by recommending that the temporal authorities e.g. burn synagogues, destroy Jewish houses, confiscate their Talmuds and prayer books, prohibit them from trading and draft them into forced labor. If that did not help, he advised driving out the Jews "like mad dogs". [2]
- For centuries, people had recourse to Luther's advice. On the one hand, with reference to his attitude of qualified friendliness in 1523, they argued for tolerating Jews but also for a more intensive mission to the Jews. On the other, they appealed to Luther's late writings in order to justify hatred and persecution of Jews, in particular with the emergence of racist anti-Semitism and at the time of National Socialism. It is not possible to draw simple continuous lines. Nevertheless, in the 19th and 20th century Luther was a source for theological and ecclesial anti-Judaism, as well as for political anti-Semitism.
Renewing relationships
- After 1945 the churches embarked upon a learning curve about their culpable failure regarding Judaism-hesitantly at first, and this process is not yet complete. The Evangelical Church in Germany redefined its relationship with Judaism in theological terms, rejecting any form of hostility to Jews and calling for encounter with Judaism. Statements to this effect were included in the constitutions of many EKD member churches.
- According to our present understanding, Luther's view of Judaism and his invective against Jews contradict his faith in the one God who revealed himself in Jesus the Jew. Luther's judgment upon Israel therefore does not correspond to the biblical statements on God's covenant faithfulness to his people and the lasting election of Israel.
- In theology and church life we face the challenge of rethinking central theological doctrines of the Reformation and of not falling into disparaging anti-Judaic stereotypes. That particularly concerns the distinctions 'law and gospel', 'promise and fulfillment', 'faith and works' and 'old and new covenant'.
- We acknowledge the need to deal critically with our Reformation heritage when interpreting Scripture, in particular the Old Testament. We recognize that "the Jewish exegesis of the Holy Scriptures of Israel [Tanakh] . contains a perspective which is also not only legitimate but even necessary for the Christian interpretation" (Church and Israel, Leuenberg Documents 6, II, 227). We can explore the richness of Scripture more profoundly when we are aware of Jewish biblical interpretation.
- We recognize the part played by the Reformation tradition in the painful history of 'mismeeting' (from Martin Buber's 'Vergegnung') between Christians and Jews. The far-reaching failure of Protestant churches in Germany with regard to the Jewish people fills us with sorrow and shame. The horror at such historical and theological aberrations and the awareness of our share of guilt in the continued suffering of Jews give rise to a special responsibility to resist and oppose all forms of enmity and inhumanity towards Jews today.
- "When our Lord and Master Jesus Christ said, 'Repent,' he willed the entire life of believers to be one of repentance" (Martin Luther). The Reformation anniversary in 2017 is an opportunity to take further steps of repentance and renewal.
Bremen, 11 November 2015
Dr. Irmgard Schwaetzer
The President of Synod
Evangelical Church in Germany


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NewsNote: The Death of Oral Roberts
R. Albert Mohler, Jr.
December 16, 2009
The death of Oral Roberts marks a significant milestone in the history of American Christianity. His life, spanning from 1918 to 2009, represents 91 years and almost a century of American religious history.
Granville Oral Roberts was born into the home of a preacher and he married the daughter of a preacher. Soon after reaching adulthood he entered the ministry himself, holding tent meetings in the style of the evangelists of his day. Roberts began as a traditional holiness preacher, but he would later transform his ministry into a worldwide enterprise utilizing electronic media and extending a global reach through television and an institutional empire that would include the university named for him.
Writing in 1985, biographer David Edwin Harrell would describe Oral Roberts as "one of the most influential religious leaders in the world in the twentieth century." In Oral Roberts: An American Life, Harrell, a professor of history at Auburn University, would lament the fact that mainstream academia had given so little attention to Roberts and to the Pentecostal and charismatic movements of which he was so famously a part. Harrell suggested three roles that led to Roberts' preeminence.
First, Harrell credits Roberts with bringing leadership and publicity to the Pentecostal and charismatic movements. Though these movements began their legendary growth early in the twentieth century, most of the significant charismatic figures lacked the organizational and media ability that Roberts brought to his ministry. Roberts understood the institutional instability of the Pentecostal and charismatic movements. His vision of mainstreaming the movement led him at various points in his ministry to do what other holiness preachers would never have considered. He sought and obtained ministerial credentials with the United Methodist Church, a denomination with deep roots in the Wesleyan tradition that represented the kind of middle-class America Roberts so desperately wanted to reach. The establishment of Oral Roberts University required an intense investment of time, money, and energy. Nevertheless, Roberts understood that the university platform would allow him to reach a generation of young charismatics and would serve as an institutional platform for his larger work.
Second, Roberts was a pioneer in the use of modern electronic media. Early on, Roberts recognized the power of television. He understood that radio could reach untold thousands, but he saw television as the way of reaching hypermodern America. His slick television specials, often featuring Hollywood celebrities and national figures, were virtually unprecedented in American Christian life. David Harrell goes so far as to credit Oral Roberts as the founder of what became known as the "electronic church." During the prime years of Oral Roberts' ministry, television was the major means of reaching a mass public, and Roberts had an intuitive feel for the medium.
Third, Harrell points to Roberts' emphasis on religious healing. "It was healing that launched his ministry in 1947, and it is healing that is the foundation of the controversial City of Faith complex rising high over the Tulsa skyline." Those words were written in 1985. The City of Faith complex was to include three major towers, one reaching to 60 stories. Roberts saw the City of Faith as a great medical center that would, he hoped, find a cure for cancer. The hospital was built, but it was not financially viable. The complex is no longer controlled by Oral Roberts University and is now office space known as CityPlex Towers.
In reality, most Americans probably know of Oral Roberts through a combination of his intended and unintended media exposure. Roberts frequently attracted controversy. Most famously, he became known for claiming to receive a vision of a 900 foot Jesus instructing them to build the City of Faith and, when hard times hit his empire, telling his followers that if a sufficient amount of gifts was not received within a specified amount of time, God would end his life. In 1987, Roberts became the focus of intense scrutiny in light of claims made by his ministry that a dead person had been brought to life.
In the end, however, Oral Roberts should be measured by his message. Though his claims of visions and healings drew deserved attention, along with both scrutiny and embarrassment, it was the core of his message that is most problematic. In his prime years, Roberts was the most significant agent for prosperity theology.
Prosperity theology teaches that God promises his people financial gain and bodily health. It is a false Gospel that turns the Gospel of Christ upside-down. The true Gospel offers forgiveness of sins and leads to a life of discipleship. Following Christ demands poverty more often than wealth, and we are not promised relief from physical ills, injury, sickness, or death. Christians die along with all other mortals, but we are promised the gift of eternal life in Christ.
There is tragedy in the sight of the City of Faith turned from a hospital into an office complex. In recent years scandal has erupted at Oral Roberts University, though stability may have been recently regained. Most Americans probably remember Oral Roberts, if at all, through his television ministry of decades past. Others will associate him only with the bizarre — visions of a 900-ft Jesus and the rest.
But the greatest tragedy in all this is the perpetuation of prosperity theology, passed on by Oral Roberts to a new generation. I am thankful for every sinner who came to know the Gospel of Christ through the preaching of Oral Roberts, and I heard him preach about salvation in ways that were true and powerful. But I can only lament the prosperity theology that he leaves in his long shadow.
I am always glad to hear from readers and listeners. Write me at email@example.com. Follow regular updates on Twitter at www.twitter.com/AlbertMohler.
R. Albert Mohler, Jr.
I am always glad to hear from readers. Write me using the contact form. Follow regular updates on Twitter at @albertmohler.
Subscribe via email for daily Briefings and more (unsubscribe at any time).


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Barry, I've known you my entire life. It's David Stephens.
Noticed your location as Franklin Parish. I live in Winnsboro. Any chance we know each other? Barry Stevens
Hi, this is Jim Robken, Director of Bands at Tech. Loved your post. Can you give me contact info for the young man? I'll get in touch with him immediately. Go Dawgs!
I'm off Stozier. Married a girl over there.
I'm not far from you then! I live off Good Hope Rd.
Send an Instant Message to KSDAWG Using...
Big Dog
GATA Goddess and Ultimate Fan Winner 2011


text:
Advanced Search
School Safety | News
St. Charles Parish Public Schools had its emergency notification service up and running just ahead of the most notorious American hurricane in modern times.
Leadership Through Communication Award Apps Due Sept. 15 In 2006, both Rochelle Cancienne-Touchard and her superintendent, Rod LaFon, were co-recipients along with two other districts of the "Award of Honor in Hurricane Communications," subsequently renamed the Leadership Through Communication Award. Co-sponsored by the National School Public Relations Association, the American Association of School Administrators, and Blackboard Connect, the award comes with a $10,000 prize. St. Charles chose to award that to two $5,000 scholarships awarded to high school seniors in the district who plan to major in college in communication.
The 2012 application is due September 15. That's available on the NSPRA's site.
As this year's hurricane season continues threatening the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines, the parents of school children in St. Charles Parish Public Schools know that if conditions warrant evacuation, they'll no doubt be hearing from Rochelle Cancienne-Touchard. The director of public information has been the official voice of emergency contact with the 17-school Louisiana district ever since August 2005, the fateful month when Hurricane Katrina destroyed the levees of New Orleans, located some 20 miles down the Mississippi River.
During the intervening years she's become an experienced hand at educating school districts about the importance of their emergency communication programs.
Cancienne-Touchard, who graduated from high school in the same district, had actually been on the job in her district since 1998 after stints in public affairs for both the state government and the National Guard. She was part of a team of three under another director. The district was accustomed to using standard communications vehicles for putting out information, including press releases to local media, the district Web sites, and a local cable access channel under district control. But those weren't always sufficient.
As Cancienne-Touchard explained, "We had been through a couple of tropical storms and minor hurricanes where we had to evacuate. Getting the message out to our employees and parents wasn't difficult. We'd tell them, 'OK, the parish president has declared a mandatory evacuation. Schools are going to be closed. We're hoping to return to school in a couple of days.'"
That's an easy message to deliver before people leave, she said. But once they're gone, they disperse family all over the south--northern Louisiana, Texas, Tennessee, and Florida--depending on which way the storm is headed. It's much more difficult to get updates out succinctly and without distortion.
But two events helped catalyze district efforts to improve communications. First, it received notorious publicity when a special education kindergartner was handcuffed and taken away from school in the back of a police car. The district became a media feeding frenzy. "There was no one here willing to tell the district's side of the story," Cancienne-Touchard noted, "and the child ended up being with his grandmother on Geraldo."
Because of her former work with the state governor, Cancienne-Touchard knew the district had to become more savvy about working with the media. "If you ignore them and say, 'We have nothing to say,' they think that you're hiding something and they're going to dig.... But as long as you're up front with them and honest, then you've won half the battle. They'll become part of your team."
The second catalyzing event was membership in the National Schools Public Relations Association and attendance at its annual conference. Exposure to what others were doing in their schools inspired Cancienne-Touchard to push for a communication audit in her organization to identify gaps in coverage. That included putting together a task force composed of parents, staff, senior citizens, government agency representatives, and industry leaders. The group set up a plan, and the department was reorganized. Cancienne-Touchard was named director and told by her superintendent, Rodney LaFon, "Your job is to make sure we're not in the paper."
7 Tips for Staying on Top of Emergency Communications When Cancienne-Touchard talks to others in school districts about emergency communication, she emphasizes seven points:
'This is the Tool We Need' In July 2004 a colleague had encouraged Cancienne-Touchard to attend a presentation about a service called Connect-ED being sold by The NTI Group that provided a way to do mass communication to large numbers of people. (The service has since been acquired by Blackboard and renamed Blackboard Connect.) "I was just completely blown away," she recalled. "I thought, 'This is the tool that we need in our communication arsenal without a doubt.'"
Cancienne-Touchard and her communications team researched alternatives and eventually invited a company representative to come in and make a presentation to the superintendent of the district and key administrators and principals. "It wasn't great just because we could send stuff out in emergencies, but also because our principals could do outreach with their own school community," she noted.
The sales pitch took place in April 2005, six months before Katrina began its destructive journey, and that same day the superintendent signed a three-year contract with the company. "The superintendent is very tech savvy, very communications savvy. So convincing him that we needed this was not very difficult, and it was the best $10,000 we ever spent," declared Cancienne-Touchard.
The communications team and others spent the summer of 2005 being trained and getting employee contact data uploaded into the service. People were hesitant to provide information, which included the names and phone numbers of places where they had family and friends and might head in the event of evacuation. But when the district explained that it was strictly for hurricane evacuation purposes, they felt "more comfortable," Cancienne-Touchard said. Why not just use cell phone numbers? "If the cell phone towers are down here, it may be more difficult for us to get to your cell phone; but somebody's home phone may be easily accessible."
Staff testing of the system took place that summer. Then when schools opened Aug. 15, the district sent a letter out to them for dissemination to their students. Families were given a four-day window in which to get the information returned.
"By that point we were rolling into the height of hurricane season," Cancienne-Touchard explained. The forms were due back Aug. 19; but with 10,000 kids and potentially six phone numbers per kid, a massive data entry effort was required. The schools began entering their own students' data Aug. 22. By Aug. 24, Katrina had hit land on the eastern seaboard of Florida, which seemed a safe world away from New Orleans.
"This gave us the perfect opportunity to send messages to these school office specialists saying, 'You see, guys? We don't have anything to worry about, but this could have been at our backdoor. Any storm could be at our backdoor, and it's important for us to make sure that this information is in the system.'"
Disaster in the Early Morning Hours On the night of Aug. 26, Friday, the technology department was working with the communications team to upload all of the data into the notification service. There was a possibility that the storm would jump over the Florida Panhandle and track to the Mississippi and Louisiana coastline. Cancienne-Touchard remembered announcers using the PA system during a Friday night football game between the two high schools to remind the crowd to keep monitoring storm conditions and to be prepared for evacuation.
The following morning, the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) team, of which Cancienne-Touchard is a member, was scheduled to have a meeting. But in the wee hours, her phone rang to inform her that the meeting was being moved up to 5 a.m. because the storm had, indeed, jumped into the Gulf. By 9 a.m. Saturday morning, a mandatory evacuation had been called.
That meant that with the exception of emergency personnel, everybody had to get out of the parish or be prepared to weather the storm on their own. As a member of EOC Cancienne-Touchard was expected to stay behind even as she prepared to send her family out of the area.
At the same time the parish president made his announcement about the evacuation, she was standing by ready to send her first full emergency notification by Connect-ED. The message informed the school community, "St. Charles Parish is currently under a mandatory evacuation due to Hurricane Katrina. Schools will be closed. We will inform you when schools will reopen."
That morning after she'd gotten her family off, Cancienne-Touchard recalled moving through the parish in a district vehicle with the school system logo on the side. "While I was driving through the neighborhoods, I could see people boarding their windows and loading their cars. And as they saw me, they'd put their hands to their ears [as if to say] 'I got your message.' How powerful was that?"
By Sunday at 7 a.m. Katrina had been classified a Category 5 storm with potential gusts of up to 215 mph. The area had become a ghost town except for those residents who had no way to leave or those who chose to stay. Early Monday Katrina struck land again as it pummeled Louisiana. By 9 a.m. six to eight feet of water had buried the Lower Ninth Ward.
Although St. Charles Parish has no hurricane protection levees, the flooding there was slight compared to what was happening in New Orleans. But in order to inform parish residents of the status of their community, the superintendent along with the parish president wanted to get a follow-up message out. The assumption was that if parents and school staff--evacuated to 13 different states--could receive official word about the fate of the parish, they would relay it others.
However, by then everything was down, Cancienne-Touchard said. "The cell lines were down. We had no electricity." In order to get that call out, she contacted her sister, who was living in Baton Rouge, which hadn't lost power. "Because of the ease and the user friendliness of this system, I was able to walk her through putting the message out. She recorded it. She put it out." And because both women "sound so much alike, no one knew difference."
Getting the Word Out Whenever As the days passed and cell coverage began to return to the area, Cancienne-Touchard took to contacting Connect-ED staff in the middle of the night to relay the latest messages. "They would say, 'Rochelle, are you sure? It's two in the morning!' I would say, 'Listen, during the day people are jamming these cell lines and I can't get anything through. They're sleeping right now. I don't care if I wake them up.' The successful percentage that we had when we did that was much greater than when I was doing it throughout the day."
Those later messages were status updates, she explained: "There is no food, there is no water, no utilities, nothing. Do not come back right now, because you're not going to the Wal-Mart down the street to get a gallon of milk. There's no gas. There is nothing. We will let you know when to start coming back."
By then her days were filled with activities related to helping those people who were pouring into the community, many on foot from New Orleans. "What they had on them was all they had. They'd lost everything. It was very overwhelming," she said." She wouldn't see her own daughter, was who 10 at the time, for a month.
As regional recovery efforts got underway, the school district began to understand the importance of reopening as soon as possible. The parish is surrounded by industry--Motiva Enterprises, Valero Energy, Shell, Dow Chemical, a nuclear power plant. "They looked at the school system as a catalyst," Cancienne-Touchard said. "If the kids are in school, then that means the parents are back and working at these industries. That's tied to the whole economic recovery as well. We knew that we needed people to come back to get our parish up and running again."
By Sept. 11, 2005, after losing 12 school days to Katrina, the St. Charles schools, which had sustained about $5 million in damages, were open again. Fifty of its teachers had lost their homes and were living with relatives and colleagues. Some areas of the district were still without phone service. Some streets were lined with hurricane debris. But now the buses were running again, and classrooms were taking in children. That included not just its prior students, but also 1,300 kids who had been attending schools in neighboring parishes and who were now within the St. Charles boundaries due to evacuation.
"We managed to make it happen," said Cancienne-Touchard. "We didn't wait for the federal government because that was a joke; FEMA was a joke. The state and the federal government were too busy ping-ponging back and forth blaming each other. We utilized our resources and we got our parish back on line."
Just 11 days later St. Charles' Superintendent LaFon found himself in front of a Senate committee in Washington, D.C. testifying on why his district needed immediate emergency-related funding to support the transition it would have to go through during that school year.
As any director of public information would do when her boss was facing down Congress, Cancienne-Touchard accompanied him to Washington. But as LaFon sat in front of senators, she was sitting in another office down the hall, preparing a message to the emergency notification list to let people know that the district would be closed the following day. Hurricane Rita was heading its way.
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Code | Faculty |
02240376 | Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences |
Credits | Duration |
Minimum duration of study: 1 year | Total credits: 135 |
Renewal of registration
In calculating marks, General Regulation G.12.2 applies.
Apart from the prescribed coursework, a research project is an integral part of the study.
A BSc degree in Geology or Environmental and Engineering Geology with an average of 60% for all the modules in applied geology at second-year and third-year level. These modules must include soil mechanics, rock mechanics, engineering geology and hydrogeology. In the selection procedure the candidate's complete undergraduate academic record will be considered. The positions available are limited to 15 and candidates who have progressed faster through their undergraduate degree will take preference. Outside applicants and those with unusual degree structures may be admitted after perusal of their academic records and at the discretion of the head of department.
Minimum credits: 135
Minimum credits: 135
Core credits: 117
Elective credits: 18
Module content:
Field work which includes mapping, soil and rock description, joint surveys, borehole testing, water sampling, interpretation of laboratory test results and compilation of site investigation reports. Larger projects of at least two months of fieldwork and report writing which involves surface and underground studies, mapping, drill core logging, discontinuity surveys, rock mass classification, stability analyses, interpretation of laboratory tests or pollution studies including water and/or soil sampling, interpretation of laboratory tests, development of a rehabilitation plan or groundwater model and compilation of a report. Compulsory attendance at conferences, short courses, specialist lectures, visits to construction sites and fields excursions.
Module content:
Overview of site investigation phases; site investigation techniques; soil profiling and rock core description. Literature study and compilation of reports on the stratigraphy of South African rock types and engineering problems of rocks and soils within different stratigraphic units and climatic regions.
Module content:
Principles of low temperature geochemistry; geochemistry and origin of acid mine water; acid-mineral reactions; industrial effluents, remediation methods, waste disposal, environmental sampling and data analysis; geochemical modelling.
Module content:
Principles of integrated environmental management; environmental impact assessment; environmental management systems (ISO 14000 series); water resource management; environmental legislation; site investigation guidelines; natural hazard risk assessment; seismicity; project management and professional business practice.Geological models and software.
Module content:
Finite-difference methods; numerical solution of the flow and transport equations; spatial and temporal discretisation, stability criteria; development of conceptual models; introduction to PMWIN/Modflow.
Module content:
Theory of contaminant transport in porous and fractured aquifiers, determination of transport parameters, boundary conditions, analytical solutions of 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional transport equations for porous aquifiers, analytical solutions for fractured aquifiers.
Module content:
Statics and dynamics of fluids, including water, aqueous phase liquids (saline water), non-aqueous phase liquids (petroleum hydrocarbons), gases (atmospheric air) and man-made fluids (gout) through natural and man-made porous media (eg soil, rock, concrete). Single phase flow and multiphase flow; saturated and unsaturated flow. Quantification of hydrological parameters. South African hydrostratigraphy. Drainage and dewatering.
Module content:
Mapping, description (core logging and discontinuity surveys) and classification of rock masses; engineering properties of rock masses including deformability, shear strength of discontinuities, in situ strength and permeability of rock masses; effects, theoretical derivation and practical measurements of in situ stresses.
Module content:
Grouting materials and procedures; rock and soil support and stabilisation; rock and soil compaction; geofabrics; water seepage and drainage methods.
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Watch Brands and Manufacturers
Brands From A to Z
Chrono24 offers timepieces from countless watch brands and manufacturers. From simple entry-level models from Tissot, Seiko, and Nomos, to highly complicated collector's items from Patek Philippe, A. Lange & Söhne, and Jaeger-LeCoultre – there's something to suit every taste and budget.
Top Watch Brands Worldwide
If you're planning to buy a luxury watch, there's a huge pool of manufacturers, brands, and models to chose from. The watch you ultimately opt for depends on various factors: The timepiece's design, history, and quality of workmanship are just as important as its technology, price, value retention, and prestige. You'll also need to think about whether you would like a new model or a vintage watch. The material shouldn't be overlooked either – maybe you're interested in stainless steel, gold, or something modern like ceramic or carbon? Chrono24 is the world's leading marketplace for luxury watches and has over 500,000 watches from all the big players. Find your favorite watch and buy it securely from one of our professional dealers or private sellers.
The top watch brands worldwide include:
- Rolex
- Patek Philippe
- Breitling
- Omega
- Audemars Piguet
- IWC Schaffhausen
- Hublot
- Panerai
- Grand Seiko
- TAG Heuer
What are the most popular luxury watch brands?
The best and most popular luxury watches come from the industry heavyweights. Unsurprisingly, the number one position is held by Rolex. Watches from this Swiss manufacturer are considered status symbols, and are even a household name outside of watch circles.
No other name represents watchmaking tradition, history, and skill like Patek Philippe. The manufacturer has belonged to the elite of the watch industry for more than 180 years. Timepieces from Patek boast flawless workmanship, elaborate in-house calibers, and understated designs.
One of the fledgling manufacturers that has quickly risen to fame is Richard Mille. The hallmarks of their exclusive watches are sophisticated materials, high-tech calibers, and a distinct design language. The brand's reputation has also been boosted by the fact that celebrities such as Rafael Nadal, Jay-Z, Ed Sheeran, and Kevin Hart are dedicated fans.
Popular Luxury Watch Brands for Men
Men's watches account for the bulk of watches on the market. Here are some examples of brands that are particularly popular with men:
- Breitling: Breitling is a traditional Swiss watch manufacturer. The brand is mostly known for its pilot's watches like the Chronomat and Navitimer.
- Panerai: This Italian watchmaker is renowned for producing watches with large dimensions. Their creations were reserved for the Italian Navy for many years, but eventually came into the limelight on the wrists of Sylvester Stallone and Arnold Schwarzenegger.
- Hublot: Hublot offer luxury watches with an obvious masculine flair. The brand holds a prestigious place in the world of soccer as the official timekeeper for major fixtures in the FIFA and UEFA championships, as well as for the World Cup and Champions League.
Popular Luxury Watches for Women
Women's luxury watches are usually smaller than those intended for men. They are also often decorated with diamonds. Some of the experts in women's watches include:
- Cartier: This French luxury watchmaker and jeweler has a rich history in the world of watchmaking. Classics like the Tank, Panthère, and Ballon Bleu have been fashionable models among the rich and famous for decades.
- Chopard: Chopard's creations glisten with gemstones. The Happy Diamonds model is particularly popular and features diamonds floating freely around its dial.
- Bulgari: Bulgari masterfully houses Swiss watchmaking in Italian designs. The Bulgari Bulgari collection and the Serpenti series, which resembles a snake, are the brand's best-selling women's watches.
Swiss Watch Brands
Switzerland is undoubtedly the epicenter of the watchmaking industry. Be it mechanical automatic watches or quartz-driven timepieces, nowhere else in the world has a greater density of watch manufacturers. The western part of the country has a particularly high population of luxury watch brands, and numerous industry suppliers and movement manufacturers, such as ETA and Sellita, are also based there.
The oldest Swiss luxury watchmakers include Breguet, Vacheron Constantin, Patek Philippe, and Audemars Piguet. These manufacturers are synonymous with traditional methods, premium quality, and superior craftsmanship. The timepieces from these industry greats often contain elaborate calibers with complications such as perpetual calendars, tourbillons, and chiming mechanisms. Their portfolios are chock full of watches crafted from precious metals such as gold and platinum, and are regularly decorated with ornate engravings or gemstones.
Rolex, Breitling, and Omega offer watches with sportier designs. Rolex in particular has shaped the sporty luxury watch segment with models like the Submariner, Daytona, and GMT-Master. Omega, on the other hand, sent the first wristwatch to the Moon with the Speedmaster Professional. When it comes to pilot's watches, Breitling, IWC Schaffhausen, and Fortis are the first choice for many watch enthusiasts. Racing chronographs, on the other hand, are right at home at TAG Heuer and Zenith.
In addition to the wealth of time-honored brands, Switzerland is also home to a number of young watch manufacturers that are breathing fresh air into the sometimes stuffy industry. Brands such as Urwerk, Greubel Forsey, and MB&F ensure enthusiasts are provided with futuristic designs, new material combinations, and cutting-edge technology.
Discover Swiss watches on Chrono24!
The top-10 Swiss watch brands include:
- Rolex
- Omega
- Breitling
- Patek Philippe
- TAG Heuer
- Tudor
- Audemars Piguet
- Hublot
- Longines
- IWC Schaffhausen
German Watch Brands
Germany has been manufacturing watches since the mid-18th century, with notable watchmaking hubs located in Pforzheim, the Black Forest region, and Glashütte in Saxony. Ferdinand Adolf Lange and Karl Moritz Großmann transformed the Ore Mountains' struggling mining settlement into a renowned watchmaking center. Their efforts have had a long-lasting effect, as Glashütte is still known as a seat of exceptional watchmaking craftsmanship to this day.
The town's best-known brands include A. Lange & Söhne, Nomos, Glashütte Original, Union Glashütte, and Mühle Glashütte. While A. Lange and Glashütte Original specialize mainly in complicated and richly decorated timepieces, the Union and Mühle catalogs include sportier watches and tool watches. Nomos, on the other hand, is known for their Bauhaus-inspired watches.
The Black Forest region is where well-known brands such as Laco and Stowa hail from, both of which are widely acknowledged for their pilot's and marine watches. Another important name is Junghans, which has several particularly successful Bauhaus collections, the Max Bill and Form. Junghans is one of the world's leading manufacturers of radio-controlled watches.
Discover German watches on Chrono24!
The top-10 German watch brands include:
- A. Lange & Söhne
- Sinn Spezialuhren
- Nomos Glashütte
- Stowa
- Junghans
- Glashütte Original
- Meistersinger
- Laco
- Mühle Glashütte
- Moritz Grossmann
Japanese Watch Brands
Japan is another important location in the watchmaking sphere. Kintaro Hattori, a young watchmaker, set up a small shop in Tokyo, which eventually grew into the celebrated watch company Seiko. Manufacturers like Orient Watches and Citizen can likewise trace their origins back to the early 20th century. Citizen, in particular, has achieved great success by offering watches with automatic and quartz movements under the Miyota name. Another prominent player since the 1970s is Casio, an electronics company renowned for its quartz sports watches, notably the popular G-Shock series.
Seiko has by far the widest selection of all the Japanese manufacturers. Their portfolio ranges from affordable automatic watches in the Seiko 5 series to professional tool watches in the Prospex collection. Under the Grand Seiko and Credor brands, the manufacturer sells watches that rub shoulders with the best the watch industry has to offer in terms of workmanship and precision. Seiko also has a reputation as an innovator; they are credited with creating the world's first quartz watch. The Spring Drive is another invention that put the company, and Japanese watchmaking as a whole, on the map. Seiko is one of the few watch manufacturers to produce all their watch parts independently, putting the Japanese company on a par with industry leader Rolex.
Discover Japanese watches on Chrono24!
The top Japanese watch brands include:
- Seiko
- Grand Seiko
- Citizen
- Orient
- Casio
- Credor


text: =for HTML =head1 git-workflow-tools A bunch of tools to help ease the git workflow process =head1 INSTALLATION To install this module, run the following commands: perl Build.PL ./Build ./Build test ./Build install =head1 SUPPORT AND DOCUMENTATION After installing, you can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command. perldoc git-workflow-tools You can also look for information at: RT, CPAN's request tracker http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=git-workflow-tools AnnoCPAN, Annotated CPAN documentation http://annocpan.org/dist/git-workflow-tools CPAN Ratings http://cpanratings.perl.org/d/git-workflow-tools Search CPAN http://search.cpan.org/dist/git-workflow-tools/ Source Code git://github.com/ivanwills/git-workflow-tools.git =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE Copyright (C) 2014 Ivan Wills This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either: the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; or the Artistic License. See http://dev.perl.org/licenses/ for more information.


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My mom gave me a broken shovel that couldn't be fixed. Somehow, it broke right in the middle of the steel blade. Even the best welder on earth couldn't bring it back to life. Even for recycling, this object was tricky to disassemble because of the rivets used to keep everything together. There was no way I was going to throw away such a beautiful object. Here is how a piece of junk became a 120 $ lamp.
- A broken shovel
- IKEA suspension kit
- Light bulb
- 1 small steel plate
- High temperature paint
Use grid 80 sandpaper to remove every rust and dirt from the shovel. Try to remove most of the paint. If you have a sandblast machine... you'll save a lot of time.
I can't really give you specific dimensions for the metal plate holding the light socket since most shovels are different. Basically, all you will need to do is punch a hole, 4.5 cm wide, in the steel foil and cut a V-shape to fit the shovel's shape. Bend the end of the V to create a surface that will help you stick or weld the two parts together.
Make sure all the components fit together. Screw the socket on the plate and make sure the light bulb doesn't touch the metal. If everything works fine, remove the socket and paint everything with heat resistant paint (BBQ paint).


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One challenge in developing a treatment for Alzheimer's lies in that by the time symptoms occur, brain neurons have already been damaged, perhaps beyond repair. Drug treatments that start after people report declines in their thinking skills may simply be too little too late.
That's why there's strong interest in developing a reliable way to identify Alzheimer's patients as early as possible, years or even decades before their memories start to fade. Researchers are investigating a number of promising markers that appear in the blood that could be useful in tracking Alzheimer's.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis report in the journal Neurology that they have developed such a blood test that may be up to 94% accurate in finding people with early Alzheimer's brain changes.
Read the full article in Time


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New York/New Delhi—In proceedings that could have major implications for millions of people waiting for affordable access to a lifesaving hepatitis C drug, the Indian Patent Office this week began hearings to determine whether US pharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences deserves a patent for sofosbuvir, a hepatitis C drug for which the company currently charges $1,000 per pill in the US.
Today's hearings are in relation to a "patent opposition" filed by lawyers from the Initiative for Medicines, Access & Knowledge (I-MAK) in November 2013, together with the Delhi Network of Positive People (DNP+). In it, lawyers argued that sofosbuvir was "old science" and did not meet the standard needed for patenting in India. The international medical humanitarian organization Doctors Without Borders/Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), which relies on generic medicines for its medical activities around the world, supports this effort to ensure that open generic production of sofosbuvir is possible. Patents for sofosbuvir have been rejected in Egypt, China, and Ukraine, and further patent oppositions have been filed in Argentina, Brazil, Russia, Thailand, and the EU.
Protesters living with hepatitis C and HIV rallied outside the Delhi patent office, urging officials not to cave in to pressure on the Indian government to blindly and speedily grant patents to multinational drug companies. India continues to come under tremendous pressure from such companies and the US government to dilute its patent policies in order to ensure that patents are granted far more easily to companies.
"Gilead is charging exorbitant prices in many countries and using patents to block people in other countries from buying low-cost yet equally effective versions of this medicine," said Loon Gangte of DNP+. "This is global treatment rationing. I feel like I'm back in the early days of the battle for HIV treatment, where you live or die based on where you live."
Gilead launched sofosbuvir in late 2013 at a price of $1,000 per pill ($84,000 for a 12-week treatment) in the US, and has charged similarly high prices across developed countries. Gilead has entered licensing deals with several manufacturers in India who have developed and are starting to market generic versions, but the deals exclude a number of middle-income countries with very high burdens of hepatitis C. This leaves around 49 million people in such countries, representing more than 40 percent of the global hepatitis C burden, without access to this drug.
"Gilead wants the world to think their licensing deals have solved the global problem of access to this medicine, but today countries like Thailand, Malaysia, and Brazil are being asked to pay thousands of dollars for sofosbuvir from Gilead when Indian generic versions of the drug are now available for as little as $335 per 12-week treatment," said Tahir Amin, lawyer and co-founder of I-MAK. "These licensing deals are a way for Gilead to control their competitors in India, and are an attempt to persuade the patent office that they deserve a patent for a compound that is based on old science."
It is estimated that 150 million people globally are infected with hepatitis C, and 700,000 die from the disease each year. Untreated, it can cause liver cirrhosis and cancer. Previous treatments only managed to cure people half the time, and could cause intolerable side effects. Sofosbuvir and other "direct-acting antivirals" now cure people in 12 to 24 weeks. But because of price, people in rich and poor countries are being told they cannot receive the treatment.
"Gilead says this drug is priced based on the value it provides, but a cure hardly anybody can afford is worthless," said Isabelle Andrieux-Meyer, viral hepatitis advisor at MSF. "We have started treating people with hepatitis C in several countries, and want to expand, but we can only convince governments to do this if there is affordable access to treatment everywhere people need it. Patents and restrictive licensing agreements should not stand in the way of middle-income countries' efforts to provide people the treatment they need to stay alive."
India has been called the "pharmacy of the developing world" because it produces many affordable generic versions of drugs patented elsewhere. More than 80 percent of the HIV medicines used in developing countries come from India, which is able to produce these medicines because its patent law sets the bar high for which medicines do and do not merit patenting, allowing generic manufacturers to compete for the market and drive prices down.
"Hepatitis C drugs like sofosbuvir are compounds that are relatively simple and cheap to make," said Dr. Andrew Hill, a pharmacologist at Liverpool University who has published a study showing that sofosbuvir could be produced for as little as $101 for a 12-week treatment course. "Gilead has already sold over $32 billion of two hepatitis C treatments in just over two years, with profit last year of $18 billion. The continued profit projections for the oral hepatitis C drugs are staggering, and stand in no relation to what it costs to make these drugs."


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THE ULTIMATE TRAINING FACILITY IN Alpharetta
With the event of mixed martial arts (MMA) becoming mainstream in the media, more and more people are looking to martial arts and self-defense classes as an alternative to the usual gym and fitness routine. At Karate Atlanta, we have been training in and teaching martial arts long before the media hype. We proudly bring forth this tradition to new generations of martial artists by offering a variety of classes to our students.
The Karate Atlanta martial arts curriculum provides a great way for adults to stay in shape. It won't become dull or routine because as soon as you get better and continue learning, there are always more challenges ahead to keep you inspired and coming back for more!


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For Democrats, a shift toward the middle on health care
Published 7:18 am Saturday, August 24, 2019
LAS VEGAS — Rank-and-file Democrats appear to be shifting to the middle on health care, worried about what's politically achievable on their party's top 2020 issue.
While "Medicare for All" remains hugely popular, the majority say they'd prefer building on "Obamacare" to expand coverage instead of a new government program that replaces America's mix of private and public insurance.
Highlighted by a recent national poll, the shifting views are echoed in interviews with voters and the evolving positions of Democratic presidential candidates . Some have backed away from the government-run plan championed by Sens. Bernie Sanders of Vermont and Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts that for months had seemed to be gaining momentum.
It could mean trouble for Sanders and his supporters, signaling a limit to how far Democratic voters are willing to move to the left amid doubts that Americans would back such dramatic changes to their health care.
"We hear Medicare for All, but I'm not absolutely certain what that means and what that would then mean for me," said Democrat Terrie Dietrich, who lives near Las Vegas. "Does it mean that private insurance is gone forever?"
Dietrich, 74, has Medicare and supplements that with private insurance, an arrangement she said she's pretty comfortable with.
She thinks it's important that everyone has health care, not just those who can afford it. She said she would support Medicare for All if it was the only way to achieve that.
But "I don't think we can ever get it passed," Dietrich added.
Erin Cross, her 54-year-old daughter and also a Democrat, said she's uncomfortable with switching to a system in which a government plan is the only choice. She said Democrats won't be able to appeal to Republicans unless they strike a middle ground and allow people to keep their private insurance.
"We've got to get some of these other people, these Republican voters, to come on over just to get rid of Trump," she said.
Democratic presidential candidates also have expressed skepticism.
California Sen. Kamala Harris' new plan would preserve a role for private insurance.
New Jersey Sen. Cory Booker is open to step-by-step approaches. Meanwhile, health care moderates including former Vice President Joe Biden have been blunt in criticizing the government-run system envisioned by Sanders.
In Nevada, the early voting swing state that tests presidential candidates' appeal to labor and a diverse population, moderate Democrats have won statewide by focusing on health care affordability and preserving protections from President Barack Obama's law.
Nationwide, 55% of Democrats and independents who lean Democratic said in a poll last month they'd prefer building on Obama's Affordable Care Act instead of replacing it with Medicare for All. The survey by the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation found 39% would prefer Medicare for All. Majorities of liberals and moderates concurred.
On a separate question, Democratic support for Medicare for All was a robust 72% in July, but that was down from 80% in April, a drop Kaiser says is statistically significant but not necessarily a definitive downward trend.
That said, Kaiser pollster Liz Hamel said it wouldn't be surprising if it turned into one. On big health care ideas, she said, "as the public starts seeing arguments for and against, we often see movement."
The Kaiser survey also found broad backing for the public-option alternative that moderates are touting, a government plan that would compete with but not replace private insurance. Eighty-five percent of Democrats supported that idea, along with 68% of independents. Republicans were opposed, 62% to 36%.
Large increases in federal spending and a significant expansion of government power are often cited as arguments against Medicare for All. However, the main criticism Democrats are hearing from some of their own candidates is that the Sanders plan would force people to give up their private health insurance. Under the Vermont senator's legislation, it would be unlawful for insurers or employers to offer coverage for benefits provided by the new government plan.
Ohio Rep. Tim Ryan argued during the last round of Democratic debates that that's problematic for union members with hard-fought health care plans secured by sacrificing wage increases. However, Sanders has long asserted his plan will allow unions to obtain bigger wage increases by taking health care out of the equation.
In interviews with The Associated Press, union workers in Nevada said they worried about how Medicare for All would affect their coverage.
Chad Neanover, prep cook at the Margaritaville casino-restaurant on the Las Vegas Strip, said he would be reluctant to give up the comprehensive insurance that his union has fought to keep. He has asthma, and his wife is dealing with diabetes. The union's plan has no monthly premium cost and no deductible.
"I don't want to give up my health insurance. I've personally been involved in the fight to keep it," said Neanover, 44. "A lot of people have fought to have what we have today."
Savannah Palmira, a 34-year-old union construction worker in Las Vegas, said she's open to supporting Medicare for All, but wants to know specifically what it would look like, how the country would transition and how it would affect her plan.
"That's one of the biggest things that I love about being in the union, is our quality health care," Palmira said.
Medicare for All backers say their plan has been unfairly portrayed.
"The shift in polling on Medicare for All is a direct result of mischaracterizations by opponents," said Rep. Ro Khanna, D-Calif., a Sanders campaign co-chair.
People are most interested in keeping their own doctors, Khanna added, and Medicare for All would not interfere with that.
Longtime watchers of America's health care debate see new energy among Democrats, along with a familiar pattern.
"The long-standing history of health reform is that people want to hang on to what they have," said Georgetown University public policy professor Judith Feder, who was a health policy adviser in the Clinton administration.
Nonetheless, she noted a common interest among Democrats: "People want affordable, reliable, stable coverage."