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Evidences for the Resurrection
Related MediaIntroduction
For nearly 2000 years there has been the historical phenomena of Christianity. In spite of the fact that the church throughout its early years suffered intense persecution at the hands of both the Jews and the Romans, it flourished. Many of the first missionaries of the Christian faith died a martyr's death because of their belief in Jesus Christ.
Why were these early Christians willing to face death for their belief in Jesus Christ? It was because they were convinced of the historical fact of the resurrection of Jesus Christ, and that this proved without a doubt that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and the one and only Savior of the world. And, so for them, death was not the end. The resurrection is a historical fact--not just some philosophical ideal or idea.
Historical Background
As a result, the message of the early church was always centered around the historical fact of the resurrection. And this was not just a theological myth which began circulating 20 or 30 years later among the followers of Jesus Christ. It was a message proclaimed immediately beginning with the morning of the third day. It was a message based upon incontrovertible evidence.
Luke 24:9-11; 33-35 and returned from the tomb and reported all these things to the eleven and to all the rest. 10 Now they were Mary Magdalene and Joanna and Mary the mother of James; also the other women with them were telling these things to the apostles. 11 And these words appeared to them as nonsense, and they would not believe them. . . . 33 And they arose that very hour and returned to Jerusalem, and found gathered together the eleven and those who were with them, 34 saying, "The Lord has really risen, and has appeared to Simon." 35 And they began to relate their experiences on the road and how He was recognized by them in the breaking of the bread.
Acts 1:21-22 "It is therefore necessary that of the men who have accompanied us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us-- 22 beginning with the baptism of John, until the day that He was taken up from us-- one of these should become a witness with us of His resurrection."
Acts 2:23-24; 31-32 this Man, delivered up by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you nailed to a cross by the hands of godless men and put Him to death. 24 "And God raised Him up again, putting an end to the agony of death, since it was impossible for Him to be held in its power. . . . 31 he looked ahead and spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that He was neither abandoned to Hades, nor did His flesh suffer decay. 32 "This Jesus God raised up again, to which we are all witnesses.
Acts 3:14-15 "But you disowned the Holy and Righteous One, and asked for a murderer to be granted to you, 15 but put to death the Prince of life, the one whom God raised from the dead, a fact to which we are witnesses.
Acts 10:39-41 "And we are witnesses of all the things He did both in the land of the Jews and in Jerusalem. And they also put Him to death by hanging Him on a cross. 40 "God raised Him up on the third day, and granted that He should become visible, 41 not to all the people, but to witnesses who were chosen beforehand by God, that is, to us, who ate and drank with Him after He arose from the dead.
Acts 13:29-39 "And when they had carried out all that was written concerning Him, they took Him down from the cross and laid Him in a tomb. 30 "But God raised Him from the dead; 31 and for many days He appeared to those who came up with Him from Galilee to Jerusalem, the very ones who are now His witnesses to the people. 32 "And we preach to you the good news of the promise made to the fathers, 33 that God has fulfilled this promise to our children in that He raised up Jesus, as it is also written in the second Psalm, 'Thou art My Son; today I have begotten Thee.' 34 "And as for the fact that He raised Him up from the dead, no more to return to decay, He has spoken in this way: 'I will give you the holy and sure blessings of David.' 35 "Therefore He also says in another Psalm, 'Thou wilt not allow Thy Holy One to undergo decay.' 36 "For David, after he had served the purpose of God in his own generation, fell asleep, and was laid among his fathers, and underwent decay; 37 but He whom God raised did not undergo decay. 38 "Therefore let it be known to you, brethren, that through Him forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you, 39 and through Him everyone who believes is freed from all things, from which you could not be freed through the Law of Moses.
Acts 17:30-31 "Therefore having overlooked the times of ignorance, God is now declaring to men that all everywhere should repent, 31 because He has fixed a day in which He will judge the world in righteousness through a Man whom He has appointed, having furnished proof to all men by raising Him from the dead. "
Acts 26:22-23 "And so, having obtained help from God, I stand to this day testifying both to small and great, stating nothing but what the Prophets and Moses said was going to take place; 23 that the Christ was to suffer, and that by reason of His resurrection from the dead He should be the first to proclaim light both to the Jewish people and to the Gentiles."
Notice how the book of Acts begins:
Acts 1:1-3 The first account I composed, Theophilus, about all that Jesus began to do and teach, 2 until the day when He was taken up, after He had by the Holy Spirit given orders to the apostles whom He had chosen. 3 To these He also presented Himself alive, after His suffering, by many convincing proofs, appearing to them over a period of forty days, and speaking of the things concerning the kingdom of God.
Without the resurrection it would have ended with verse 1. Death would have been the conclusion. But notice what verses 2 and 3 have to say:
"Convincing proofs" in verse 3 is the Greek tekmerion which is related to the Greek word tekma, meaning "a fixed boundary, goal, end." Tekmerion means "a fixed and sure sign, evidence, or proof." The word was used of demonstrable proof and evidence in contrast to mere philosophical superstition or in contrast to fallible signs. Galen a medical writer of the second century A.D. so used this word. Here Luke, the historical physician, one practiced in gathering evidence, chooses this special word for sure historical proof, the strongest type of legal evidence.
In addition to this Luke adds to this word "many." So Luke tells us that he had carefully examined the evidence. Dr. Luke, who lived in the time of Jesus Christ and who had personally talked to many eye witnesses, tells us there were many demonstrable and incontrovertible proofs, not merely one or two, but many. (Cf. Luke 1:1-2)
From the beginning there have been those who have rejected the resurrection as a hoax, a tale, a lie or fiction. A number of theories have been advance to disprove the resurrection, but all of these have been solidly discredited by one historical scholar after another. So interestingly, not one shred of solid evidence has ever been given to support these claims. Then why do men make these claims? Because they have never examined the evidence, or because of their prejudice, their philosophical bias, and unbelief in the miraculous.
The silence of Christ's enemies and the lack of historical evidence against the resurrection is almost as strong an evidence as the positive evidences for the resurrection of Jesus Christ. I have in my library a book covering a debate between Gary Habermas and Anthony Flew entitled, Did Jesus Rise From the Dead?, the Resurrection Debate. The debate was held in Dallas and was judged by a panel of judges organized into two panels of experts in their respective areas of specialty to render a verdict on the subject matter of the debate. One panel consisted of five philosophers who were asked to judge the content of the debate and render a winner. The second panel consisted of five professional debate judges who were asked to judge the argumentation technique of the debaters. All ten participants serve on the faculties of American universities and colleges such as the University of Pittsburgh, the University of Virginia, Western Kentucky University, James Madison University, and George Mason University.
The decision of the judges were as follows. The panel of philosophers judging content cast four votes for Habermas who argued for the fact of the resurrection, none for Flew, and one draw. The panel of professional debate judges voted three to two, also in favor of Habermas, this time regarding the method of argumentation technique. Note what one judge said:
I am of the position that the affirmative speaker [Habermas] has a very significant burden of proof in order to establish his claims. The various historical sources convinced me to adopt the arguments of the affirmative speaker. Dr. Flew, on the other hand, failed, particularly in the rebuttal period and the head-to-head session, to introduce significant supporters of his position. Dr. Habermas placed a heavy burden on Dr. Flew to refute very specific issues. As the rebuttals progressed, I felt that Dr. Flew tried to skirt the charges (Habermas and Flew, p. xiv).
Another professional debate judge said:
I conclude that the historical evidence, though flawed, is strong enough to lead reasonable minds to conclude that Christ did indeed rise from the dead. Habermas has already won the debate. . . . . By defeating the Hume-inspired skeptical critique on miracles in general offered by Flew and by demonstrating the strength of some of the historical evidence, Habermas does end up providing "highly probably evidence" for the historicity of the resurrection "with no plausible naturalistic evidence against it." Habermas, therefore, in my opinion, wins the debate (Ibid., p. xv).
A Theological
and Philosophical Absurdity
There are always those who say the historical fact of a physical resurrection of Jesus Christ is not important. "It is sufficient" they say, "that one believes in a spiritual resurrection," or as . . .
"the late Norman Perrin, a highly esteemed New Testament scholar of the University of Chicago, remarked not too long ago that the really important thing about the resurrection of Jesus is not the historical reality of that event, but the theological truths that it expresses" (William Craig, Knowing the Truth About the Resurrection, Servant Books, p. xiii).
Others have advocated "you do not need to believe in the resurrection. If this stands in the way of your rationale, just accept Jesus as a great leader and as an example of love, kindness and peace."
This kind of thinking is pure non-sense, illogical, and contrary to the facts of the life of Christ.
We need to see clearly that there can be positive theological implications of the resurrection only insofar as its historical reality is affirmed. While many theologians may find such a conviction hopelessly antiquated, the man in the street knows better. His common sense tells him that there is no reason why a dead man should be decisive for his existence today, and I agree with him. Once doctrinal teachings are detached from their historical realities, we have entered the arena of myth. And there is simply no good reason to prefer Christian myths over other myths or, for that matter, secular philosophies. The resurrection is only real for our lives today if it is a real event of history (Craig, p. xiii).
If we take away the resurrection, then Jesus Christ was not even a good human leader, but a human monstrosity who was on the level with a man who thinks he is Captain Marvel. Either he was the world's greatest deceiver and deserved to die, or He was who He claimed to be, the God-Man Savior of the world. And it is the resurrection which makes the difference.
It is not my intention to give all the evidence, but to concentrate on some of the more remarkable and important evidences.
The Evidence of the Stone
Matthew 28:1-4 Now after the Sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to look at the grave. 2 And behold, a severe earthquake had occurred, for an angel of the Lord descended from heaven and came and rolled away the stone and sat upon it. 3 And his appearance was like lightning, and his garment as white as snow; 4 and the guards shook for fear of him, and became like dead men.
Mark 16:1-4 And when the Sabbath was over, Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome, bought spices, that they might come and anoint Him. 2 And very early on the first day of the week, they came to the tomb when the sun had risen. 3 And they were saying to one another, "Who will roll away the stone for us from the entrance of the tomb?" 4 And looking up, they saw that the stone had been rolled away, although it was extremely large.
Luke 24:2 And they found the stone rolled away from the tomb,
John 20:1-9 Now on the first day of the week Mary Magdalene came early to the tomb, while it was still dark, and saw the stone already taken away from the tomb. 2 And so she ran and came to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and said to them, "They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they have laid Him." 3 Peter therefore went forth, and the other disciple, and they were going to the tomb. 4 And the two were running together; and the other disciple ran ahead faster than Peter, and came to the tomb first; 5 and stooping and looking in, he saw the linen wrappings lying there; but he did not go in. 6 Simon Peter therefore also came, following him, and entered the tomb; and he beheld the linen wrappings lying there, 7 and the face-cloth, which had been on His head, not lying with the linen wrappings, but rolled up in a place by itself. 8 So the other disciple who had first come to the tomb entered then also, and he saw and believed. 9 For as yet they did not understand the Scripture, that He must rise again from the dead.
The Seal on the Stone
The seal set on the stone (Mt. 27:62-66). As claimed by the Pharisees, this was requested of Pilate to guard against any kind of fraud or lies by the disciples of Jesus Christ. In doing this, however, they provided two more excellent evidences for Christ's resurrection. Unwittingly, they prepared an unanswerable refutation to their own claims in their attempt to discredit the account of the resurrection (cf. Mat. 28:11-15).
The seal included two things: (1) a Roman guard, and (2) a seal consisting of a cord set in wax around the stone where it was connected to the tomb.
Matthew 27:65, "You have a guard: go, make it as secure as you know how."
Some have claimed that Pilate was refusing the request for a Roman guard and telling them to use their own temple guard. But the verb used can be an imperative, "take a guard, make it as sure as you know how." It can also mean he was giving them permission to have a Roman guard.
The word "guard" is the Greek word kustodia, from the Latin or Roman custodia. The use of this particular word would indicate a Roman guard and not the Jewish temple guard. This is further verified by the fact they ask Pilate for a guard. If they could have used their own guards why go to Pilate? Also, if only the temple guards were involved, the statements of verse 14 would have been unnecessary. No one would have to talk to the governor nor bribe anyone.
Why was this important? Because the presence of Roman soldiers at the tomb and the Roman seal over the stone door made the possibility of the religious leaders' claims many times more difficult, if not impossible. The likelihood that these timid, fearful Galilean disciples could or would steal the body of Jesus out from under the noses of a guard of highly disciplined and skilled Roman soldiers is not only ridiculous, but impossible. Even had the soldiers been asleep, think of the noise the disciples would have made trying to removed the huge stone covering the entrance to the tomb!
The Stone Rolled Away
The tombs in Palestine were somewhat like a cave hewn out of the rocky side of a mountain or hill. They consisted of a rectangular opening into a main room or central chamber with a niche carved into the side of one of the inner walls where the body was placed. At one end was a special elevated place for the head.
The opening of the central chamber was covered by a large circular stone or heavy disc of rock set in a slanting groove so that when the stone was released it would roll by its own weight and cover the entrance. Because of its enormous weight (possibly several tons) it would require the combined efforts of several men to move the stone back up the groove and block it. But who would roll away the stone?
- The enemies would not for it was their purpose to keep His body there and the door sealed (Matt. 27:62-66).
- If the disciples had done it and had removed the body they did so without the knowledge of the women, for they came expecting to find the body (John 20:1-2). Besides the guards were present.
- The women themselves would have been unable to remove the stone. As they came to the tomb the morning of the resurrection, they were wondering, who would role away the stone for them (Mark 16:2-8).
- Matthew 28:2-4 tells us it was an angel of the Lord. This shows divine intention.
It was not rolled away so Christ could leave because he could pass through the walls in His glorified body. By divine purpose it was removed to call attention to the testimony of the empty tomb. The tomb had been opened not to let Jesus out--but to let people in.
Why did people need to get in? Because within the tomb itself lay some astounding evidence to the fact of the resurrection of Jesus, the witness of the grave cloths.
The Evidence of Empty Tomb
John 20:2-9 And so she ran and came to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and said to them, "They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they have laid Him." 3 Peter therefore went forth, and the other disciple, and they were going to the tomb. 4 And the two were running together; and the other disciple ran ahead faster than Peter, and came to the tomb first; 5 and stooping and looking in, he saw the linen wrappings lying there; but he did not go in. 6 Simon Peter therefore also came, following him, and entered the tomb; and he beheld the linen wrappings lying there, 7 and the face-cloth, which had been on His head, not lying with the linen wrappings, but rolled up in a place by itself. 8 So the other disciple who had first come to the tomb entered then also, and he saw and believed. 9 For as yet they did not understand the Scripture, that He must rise again from the dead.
Mary's Response
Upon seeing the stone removed, Mary's immediate reaction is that thieves, perhaps the Jews, have taken the body. Without entering as the other women did, she returns to Peter and John. Her conclusion--"they have taken the Lord" (probably referring to the Jews) .
The Response of the Disciples
John arrived first and saw the linen wrappings. The verb used (the Greek blepo) describes the simple exercise of sight, a single look or glance. At just a casual glance what caught John's eye were the undisturbed wrappings, lying in their natural position as when around the body. The word order makes this evident, "lying" is first. Even a casual glance caught this.
Then Peter arrived and, in his impetuous way, entered immediately. The word "Beheld" is theoreo. This word denotes a purposeful and careful look, one which observes details, not just a casual look. What Peter observed were the linen wrappings.
The Evidence
of the Grave Clothes
Peter's Observation
- Peter observes the linen wrappings lying undisturbed.
- He noticed the face napkin rolled up separately, as it had been when the body was prepared, suggesting that the head wrapping had partially retained its annular form.
Had a thief stolen the body he would have taken the body--linen wrappings and all.
Had the wrappings been removed from the body they would not have been in an undisturbed fashion. As previously described, there was a place for the body with an elevated ledge for the head. The head was wrapped separately from the body. If someone had removed these from the body, they would not have been lying as originally placed--the napkin separate in the place where the head had been and the other wrappings where the body had been--undisturbed.
Peter continued to ponder in his heart all he had observed.
John's Observations
When John enters the tomb, what he sees brings immediate understanding, intelligent comprehension of the facts. The word for sight in this verse denotes mental perception resulting principally from the vision.
Peter is pondering all he has observed, but not John. Having now seen the witness of the empty tomb, he understands that His Lord has risen from the dead. In verse 9 we are told he understands and believes. Now he understands the Old Testament Scripture and Christ's own words concerning Messiah being cut off, but returning and reigning by means of the resurrection. (Cf. Ps. 16:10; Dan. 2; Dan. 7; Dan. 9:6) Before they had not understood the Scripture or Christ's words. But now sight comes to John (cf. Luke 24:25-27, 44-47).
The Evidence
of Christ's Appearances
The personal appearances of Christ following His resurrection are another overwhelming historical proof. The women and the disciples saw, heard, and even touched the Lord. In fact, 500 brethren saw him at one time (1 Cor. 15:6).
Various explanations have been given concerning the resurrection, but none of them honestly and fairly deal with the record and are clearly prejudicial attempts to deny the evidence.
R. T. France in his book, The Evidence for Jesus, writes about the typical theories regarding Jesus and His life, death, and resurrection and the various attempts to get at the so-called real Jesus through the various theories regarding His life, death, and resurrection, whether in magazine articles, books, or television series. He shows how these invariably give prominence to the theories of skeptics and, by and large, do not treat the Gospels as historical evidence. At the end of the book, after discussing both non-Christian and biblical evidence, he made the following statement:
"In the earlier chapters we have noticed the tendency of some recent writers to try to go behind the NT portrait of Jesus, in search of a more `recent' Jesus who even by the time the New Testament documents were written had been largely forgotten and replaced by a semi-mythical figure, the `Christ of faith'. We have seen repeatedly that the evidence on which such reconstructions are based (when they are not mere unsupported speculation) is in fact later in date than the NT writings, and can generally be identified with what by the second century were regarded as heretical movements, deviations from the original Christian message, usually in direction of a faith more appealing to the philosophical or religious climate of the day." (The Evidence for Jesus, R.T. France, The Jesus Library, Michael Green, series editor, pp. 165-166)
The Evidence
of the Transformed Disciples
The disciples had seen their master die. And because of this, they had lost all hope. Christ had told them he would die and be raised. In fact, it was an integral part of His claims. Yet they were down-trodden, utterly disheartened, and meeting in obscure places. But after the resurrection, we find the disciples joyous, fearless, and bearing public testimony. They were even willing to die--and it is not likely they would be willing to die for a lie. (Cf. Schaff, Vol. I, p. 173f.)
Peter who denied the Lord when confronted by a young girl, boldly proclaimed the word at Pentecost in front of the same religious leaders who crucified Christ.
When we consider the transformation of the disciples in connection with the silence of the Jews and their inability to produce the body of Christ or any evidence to the contrary, the events of Pentecost become another proof of Christ's resurrection.
The Evidence of Pentecost
(Acts 2-4)
Only 50 days following the death and resurrection, Peter preached the doctrine of the resurrection and thousands gathered to hear him. But the important point is he was preaching to people who had access to the tomb. The resurrection was not a new fact, and he was preaching its meaning from the Old Testament Scriptures (Ps. 16:8-10).
No one offered him a rebuttal. The Jews were silent--a silence which is as significant as the boldness of the speech of the disciples. Three thousand people who were in a position to know the facts about the resurrection of Christ believed and were saved. (Acts 2:41; 4:2-14).
There are other tremendous evidences for the resurrection of Christ such as:
- Old Testament prophecy.
- The prophecies of Christ himself.
- The existence of the church.
- The observance of Sunday, the first day of the week.
- The transformation and witness of Paul
The evidences we've mentioned in this study are more than sufficient to show the validity of the resurrection. To deny it, in view of the evidence, one must not only deny his rational processes, but he must deny Christianity and the Scripture as valid and providing salvation for mankind.
The Doctrinal Significance
of the Resurrection
The theology of the resurrection is vitally important to the Christian for it affects his salvation and his sanctification. In 1 Peter 1:3 Peter points out we are begotten unto a living hope by the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead. There are several reasons for this.
- The resurrection authenticates Christ as the Son of God (Rom. 1:4)
- The resurrection proves the atoning value of Christ's work (Rom. 4:25). "Raised because of" means it proves the sufficiency of His atonement for our justification. The resurrection did not provide our justification, it proved Christ's death was sufficient to bring justification by faith. Therefore, having been justified (as proven by the resurrection) we have peace (Rom. 5:1).
- The resurrection ensures our salvation (1 Cor. 15:17-19). It provides assurance for the fact of our salvation and affords comfort with regard to our deceased loved ones (I Thess 4:13f ). There is an inscription found in Thessalonica which reads, "After death, no reviving, after the grave no meeting again." The resurrection guarantees such a belief is false.
- It is the basis of our sanctification (Rom. 6). As Christ was victorious over sin and death, so we may be victorious by our identification with him.
- Christ's resurrection as the first fruits from the dead is the guarantee of our own resurrection and of the glorified body we will receive at the resurrection of saints (Phil. 3:20-21).
Thus we can see that by the resurrection, man is provided with a living hope because it depends on a living Savior. All other religious leaders are dead, Mohammed, Buddha, Confucius. The founders of religious cults are all in their tombs, their bodies rotting in the dust. Their followers have a dead hope, but they also have something else.
In Acts 17:31 we read,
". . . according as He hath appointed a day in which he shall judge the inhabited earth by One whom He hath marked out having provided conviction for all men because he hath raised Him from the grave."
While the resurrection can provide assurance of salvation, a living hope, it also provides assurance of judgment because the resurrection marks Jesus Christ out as God's Son and God's provision of grace for our sin. For those who reject Christ (God's manifested provision for salvation) there is nothing left but to look fearfully for a day of judgment. It assures the unbeliever of a second death just as it assures the believer of resurrection unto life.
The important question is, do you know Jesus Christ as your personal Savior?
God's Solution for Man's Problem
God is perfect holiness (whose holy character we can never attain to by our own works of righteousness) but He is also perfect love and full of grace and mercy. Because of His love, grace and mercy He has not left us without hope and a solution.
Romans 5:8 "But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were sinners, Christ died for us."
This is the good news of the Bible, the message of the gospel. It's the message of the gift of God's own Son who became man (the God-man), lived a sinless life, died on the cross for our sin, and was raised from the grave proving both the fact He is God's Son and the value of His death for us as our substitute (Rom. 1:4; 4:25).
2 Corinthians 5:21: "He made Him who knew no sin {to be} sin on our behalf, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him."
1 Peter 3:18: "For Christ also died for sins once for all, {the} just for {the} unjust, in order that He might bring us to God, having been put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit."
The All-Important Question
How then do we receive God's Son that we may have the eternal life God has promised us? What becomes the issue for us today?
John 1:12: "But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, {even} to those who believe in His name."
John 3:16-18: "For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish, but have eternal life. For God did not send the Son into the world to judge the world, but that the world should be saved through Him. He who believes in Him is not judged; he who does not believe has been judged already, because he has not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God."
Because of what Jesus Christ accomplished for us on the cross, the Bible states that "He that has the Son has life." We can receive the Son, Jesus Christ, as our Savior by trusting in the person of Christ and His death for our sins.
This means we must each come to God the same way--as a sinner who recognizes his sinfulness, repudiates any form of human works for salvation, and relies totally on Christ alone by faith alone for our salvation.
Would you trust in Christ today as your personal Savior? Just tell God that you know you need the Savior, Jesus Christ, and that you want to receive His Son by faith.
Related Topics: Easter, Apologetics, Resurrection


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About the Missouri Department of Higher Education
Building Missouri's Future . . . by degrees
At the direction of the Coordinating Board for Higher Education (CBHE), the Missouri Department of Higher Education (MDHE) strives to coordinate higher education policy that fosters a quality postsecondary system, as well as to increase participation in Missouri 's public institutions. The state system of higher education serves more than 450,000 students through 13 public four-year universities, 14 public two-year colleges, one public two-year technical college, 26 independent colleges and universities and more than 150 proprietary and private career schools.
Primary Responsibilities
- Identification of statewide planning for higher education (including independent institutions)
- Evaluation of student and institutional performance
- Review of institutional missions
- Development of specialization among institutions
- Submission of a unified budget request for public higher education to the governor and the Missouri General Assembly
- Administration of a statewide postsecondary technical education program
- Establishment of guidelines to promote student transfer among institutions
- Approval of new degree programs offered by public colleges and universities
- Administration of the Proprietary School Certification Program
- Policy setting for and administration of student financial assistance programs
During academic year 2013-2014, the MDHE provided $107 million in state-based student financial assistance to more than 70,000 students.
In addition to its primary responsibilities, the MDHE has served as a guaranty agency within the Federal Family Education Loan Program since 1979 and is one of 24 guarantors operating nationwide. The federal Healthcare and Education Affordability Act of 2010 eliminated the ability of FFELP guarantors to originate new loans as of July 1, 2010. The MDHE does still service and maintain its existing portfolio of loans guaranteed prior to July 1, 2010. As part of its responsibility as a FFELP student loan guarantor, the MDHE provides numerous programs to help Missouri students access and succeed in postsecondary education.
The Missouri Department of Higher Education and the Coordinating Board for Higher Education are included in Chapter 173 of the Missouri Revised Statutes.

subset: commoncrawl


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President Muhammadu Buhari has approved the appointment of Mr. Rahman Adeola Ipaye as Deputy Chief of Staff and Mr. Laolu Akande as Senior Special Assistant (Media & Publicity) in the Presidency.
The two new appointees will work in the Office of the Vice President, a statement by the Special Adviser on Media and Publicity to the President, Mr Femi Adesina said on Thursday.
Mr. Ipaye is the immediate past Attorney General of Lagos State.
He studied at the University of Lagos where he graduated with B.A. (Hons) Degree (History) in 1984; LL.B. Hons (1988) and LL.M. (1991). He is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria and the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators respectively.
Before his appointment as Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice, Mr. Ipaye was employed as a lecturer in the Department of Commercial and Industrial Law, University of Lagos (1992 to 2001); Special Assistant (Legal Matters) to the Governor of Lagos State (2001 to 2007); and Special Adviser (Taxation and Revenue) to the Governor of Lagos State and member of the State Executive Council (2007 to 2011).
Mr. Laolu Akande graduated from the University of Ibadan in 1990 with an honours degree in History and a Masters degree in Communication & Language Arts in 1992.
He became a Staff Reporter of the Guardian newspaper in 1990 while still serving under the National Youth Service Corps. He left The Guardian to join the foundation team of The News Magazine in 1993, where he became Senior Writer. In 1997, he was appointed by Nigerian Tribune as editor of the Tribune on Saturday, a position he held until he moved to the United States of America in 1998.
In the United States, he worked as a journalist with the Philadelphia Inquirer and New York Newsday. He also served at the United Nations as a Press Officer and later as an Advocacy and Communication Consultant. He was also the Bureau Chief of The Guardian in North America and the Executive Director of the Christian Association of Nigerian-Americans, CANAN.
Mr. Akande taught at the State University of New York at Stonybrook and also Suffolk County Community College in Long Island, New York between 2002 and 2015.
Ipaye and Akande have been working with Vice President Osinbajo since the inception of the Buhari-led administration.


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The Ball photographs record three-dimensional constellations placed into existing and often transitory or semi-permanent spaces. The placement of the balls, and the constellations they create, form subtle planes that touch, and at moments, envelope the space with their presence.
These homemade celestial planes, tilted through the floors, sills and surfaces of each scene disrupt and transform way we see, creating a sense of stillness, drawing our attention slowly around the scene, mapping out new patterns and connections.
Edited selection. Print dimensions: 604mm x 760mm


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As climate, disease links become clearer, study highlights need to forecast future shifts
- Date:
- August 1, 2013
- Source:
- University of Georgia
- Summary:
- Climate change is affecting the spread of infectious diseases worldwide, according to an international team of leading disease ecologists, with serious impacts to human health and biodiversity conservation.
- Share:
Climate change is affecting the spread of infectious diseases worldwide, according to an international team of leading disease ecologists, with serious impacts to human health and biodiversity conservation. Writing in the journal Science, they propose that modeling the way disease systems respond to climate variables could help public health officials and environmental managers predict and mitigate the spread of lethal diseases.
The issue of climate change and disease has provoked intense debate over the past decade, particularly in the case of diseases that affect humans, according to the University of Georgia's Sonia Altizer, who is the study's lead author.
"For a lot of human diseases, responses to climate change depend on the wealth of nations, healthcare infrastructure and the ability to take mitigating measures against disease," said Altizer, an associate professor in the UGA Odum School of Ecology. "The climate signal, in many cases, is hard to tease apart from other factors like vector control and vaccine and drug availability."
Climate warming already is causing changes in diseases affecting wildlife and agricultural ecosystems, she said. "In many cases, we're seeing an increase in disease and parasitism. But the impact of climate change on these disease relationships depends on the physiology of the organisms involved, the location on the globe and the structure of ecological communities."
At the organism level, climate change can alter the physiology of both hosts and parasites. Some of the clearest examples are found in the Arctic, where temperatures are rising rapidly, resulting in faster developing parasites. A lungworm that affects muskoxen, for instance, can now be transmitted over a longer period each summer, making it a serious problem for the populations it infects.
"The Arctic is like a 'canary in the global coal mine,'" said co-author Susan Kutz of the University of Calgary and Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre.
"Climate warming in the Arctic is occurring more rapidly than elsewhere, threatening the health and sustainability of Arctic plants and animals, which are adapted to a harsh and highly seasonal environment and are vulnerable to invasions by 'southern' species -- both animals and parasites."
A changing climate also is affecting entire plant and animal communities. This is particularly evident in tropical marine environments such as the world's coral reef ecosystems. In places like the Caribbean, warmer water temperatures have stressed corals and facilitated infections by pathogenic fungi and bacteria. When corals -- the framework builders of the ecosystem -- succumb, the myriad of species that depend on them are also at risk.
"Biodiversity loss is a well-established consequence of climate change," said coauthor Richard Ostfeld of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. "In a number of infectious disease systems, such as Lyme disease and West Nile virus, biodiversity loss is tied to greater pathogen transmission and increased human risk. Moving forward, we need models that are sensitive to both direct and indirect effects of climate change on infectious disease."
Where human health is concerned, there is not only the direct risk from pathogens like dengue, malaria and cholera, all of which are linked to warmer temperatures, but indirect risks from threats to agricultural systems and game species crucial for subsistence and cultural activities.
"Earth's changing climate and the global spread of infectious diseases are threatening human health, agriculture and wildlife. Solving these problems requires a comprehensive approach that unites scientists from biology, the geosciences and the social sciences," said Sam Scheiner, National Science Foundation program director for the joint NSF-National Institutes of Health Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases Program.
The study was funded in part by the National Science Foundation.
"We need to transcend simple arguments about which is more important -- climate change or socioeconomics -- and ask just how much harder will it be to control diseases as the climate warms?" Ostfeld said. "Will it be possible at all in developing countries?"
To respond to that challenge, Altizer and her colleagues -- Kutz, Ostfeld, Pieter T. J. Johnson of the University of Colorado Boulder and C. Drew Harvell of Cornell University -- laid out an agenda for future research and action.
One recommendation is to expand data about the physiological responses hosts and parasites have to temperature changes to help develop early warning systems.
"We'd like to be able to predict, for example, that if the climate warms by a certain amount, then in a particular host-parasite system we might see an increase from one to two transmission cycles per year," Altizer said. "But we'd also like to try to tie these predictions to actions that might be taken."
Such forecasting is well established in crop disease management and has been used to both preventatively close coral reefs and target areas at risk of malaria outbreaks.
"We face a tough task in the oceans, where disease outbreaks can be out of sight and undetected," Harvell said. "Because some coral disease outbreaks are predictable from warming events, we are developing forecasting programs to help us respond before the outbreak begins."
The researchers also pointed out that certain human communities, such as those of indigenous peoples in the Arctic, could be disproportionately impacted by climate-disease interactions.
"A better understanding of the impacts of parasitism on wildlife health, and an ability to make accurate predictions of future wildlife sustainability, is particularly important to aboriginal people across the Arctic who depend on wildlife as a source of food, income and a focus of cultural activities," Kutz said.
Johnson continued, "Because disease represents the product of multiple interacting species, including hosts, pathogens and other members of the food web, forecasting responses to ongoing climate shifts is a tremendous challenge," he said. "Given the rising importance of infectious diseases not only for human health but also wildlife conservation, it's also a challenge for which we are in sore need of a solution. We hope our work contributes to that."
Story Source:
Materials provided by University of Georgia. Original written by Beth Gavrilles. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Journal Reference:
- S. Altizer, R. S. Ostfeld, P. T. J. Johnson, S. Kutz, C. D. Harvell. Climate Change and Infectious Diseases: From Evidence to a Predictive Framework. Science, 2013; 341 (6145): 514 DOI: 10.1126/science.1239401
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The Detroit Wallpaper Co.
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Look, when over years and years of marriage, my wife knows that I'm trying with all my heart to love her even as Christ loved the church, then it's much easier for her to be submissive to my leading.
Likewise, when over many years of marriage, with a gentle and quiet spirit, my wife is submissive and respectful to my leading, it becomes far easier to honor and even "preciousness" her—to seek what's best for her.
Too often when I do marriage counseling, I hear husbands and wives talk about their marriages as a give and take relationship—like some kind of business. "Well, I took her to dinner last night so I should get to play eighteen holes today." "Well, I watched the kids while he went to the game so I'm entitled to a night out with the girls." This isn't a marriage; it's a co-op. This isn't good news!


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The Book of the Thames from its Rise to its Fall, p. 404.
. 1859. FromCommentary by the Halls
Battersea Park has been laid out only within the last two or three years; it is therefore in its infancy — the shrubs are miniatures; but to the next generation it will be one of the chief adornments of the metropolitan suburbs. From it we look upon the old wooden bridge, and the Putch-looking church and village of Chelsea. Beyond the hospital is the NEW BRIDGE, constructed by Thomas Page, Esq. It is a toll bridge; and it has been pleasantly said that "Government gave a park to the people, and placed a toll-bar at the gate to keep them out of it." The bridge is the most beautiful of the many that cross the Thames between its source and its fall into the sea; and its value is much enhanced by foot — "the West End Crystal Palace Station," that communicates also with Brighton and the southern counties of England. [404-5]
Related Material
Text and formatting by George P. Landow. [You may use this image without prior permission for any scholarly or educational purpose as long as you (1) credit the University of Pittsburgh and the Internet Archive and (2) link your document to this URL in a web document or cite the Victorian Web in a print one.]
Hall, Mr. and Mrs. S. C. The Book of the Thames from its Rise to its Fall. London: Arthur Hall, Virtue, and Cp., 1959. Internet Archive version of a copy in the William and Mary Darlington Memorial Libray, the University of Pittsburgh. Web. 10 March 2012.
Last modified 10 March 2012


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Fiber is forging a delicious path into the frozen-food aisle with the introduction of a new food product from Kellogg Co.: Eggo FiberPlus Waffles.
Battle Creek, Mich.-based Kellogg Co. recognizes that fiber is an important nutrient and that fewer than one in 10 Americans get enough of it on a daily basis, according to a survey of 1,006 adults by Caravan in November. Additionally, the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans call attention to fiber as a "nutrient of concern."
Eggo FiberPlus Waffles boasts a golden, crispy outside and warm, fluffy inside of traditional Eggo waffles while providing an excellent source of fiber -- satisfying 35 percent of the DRV in every tasty serving, " and they can help consumers close the fiber gap.
Varieties include Buttermilk, which offers 35 percent of the DRV of antioxidants vitamin E and zinc, and Chocolate Chip, which provides 20 percent. Both varieties are a good source of 10 or more vitamins and minerals.
"Eggo FiberPlus Waffles offer a simply delicious taste that consumers have come to expect from Eggo," says Cathy Schneck, VP marketing Kellogg Frozen Foods.
"Now they also provide the added nutrition benefits of fiber and either the antioxidants vitamin E and zinc or calcium."


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AP Race Masters Grand Prix
Session 1
Session 2
Session 3
This page shows the live results for the meet. Use the events index to navigate to the results for that event.
If the link is not yet active then there are no results published for that event yet.
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Angelina Jolie surprised everyone after Cannes in A Mighty Heart, kicking off Oscar speculation very early in the season with an unexpected bid and the Pitt publicity machine behind her full force, putting her up against Cate Blanchett's second turn as Elizabeth in the Golden Age, long considered to one the one to beat.
Certainly an interesting match up: two lead actresses who hold a Best Supporting Actress statue primed to win the big prize.
But much as the Jungle Sex rocks my loins, how can Cate be denied? If only to see the Brangelunatics lose their sh-t over the perceived injustice?
Here's Cate at the opening of the Sydney Film Festival on Saturday – per usual, every inch perfection.
Cate. Always.


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That's something you have to think of, if you're lucky to win this contest!!
The Mister Potato's latest contest.
This Mister Potato is really crazy generous, he just gave out RM10,000 on his previous contest not long ago and now he is giving out prizes again!! This time, Mister Potato not only giving out cash but gold bars too!! @@
The grand prize for the latest Mister Potato contest is actually RM88,888 worth of gold bars. That's equivalent of 888.88gm of gold in you hand if you win it. ( Assume that RM100 = 1gm of gold). O.o
What you need to do to get a chance to win is just guess the total weight of Mister Potato, Ortega, the three Mariachis and a sack of 100 potatoes. I checked the site and there are hints and clues over there to help with the guessing.
I actually have my answer d, now all I need is to get myself a pack of Mister Potato contest edition pack as I need to get the SMS code to SMS my answer and the SMS code is only available in the contest edition packs.
Smash open the crabs with a gold bar instead of using hammers.
Damn cool, don't you think? XD
So, what will you do if you have a gold bar?
( LOL, haven't win already dreaming of getting a gold bar.. XD)


text:
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NEW YORK -- Mainstream retailers are leaping into the world of products like skin creams and oils that tout such benefits as reducing anxiety and helping you sleep.
The key ingredient? CBD, or cannabidiol, a compound derived from hemp and marijuana that doesn't cause a high.
Retailers are taking advantage of the booming industry even as its legal status and health benefits remain murky. And the flood of products is only testing how federal regulators can police it.
Retail sales of CBD consumer products in 2018 were estimated to reach as much as $2 billion, according to Cowen & Co. By 2025, that figure could hit $16 billion in retail sales, the investment firm predicts.
CBD has been cropping up in everything from dog treats to bath balms in the past few months. Domestic diva Martha Stewart is working with Canada's Canopy Growth Corp. to develop new CBD products. And the nation's largest mall owner Simon Property Group has hooked up with a cannabis goods maker to open roughly 100 kiosks at its U.S. malls by mid-summer.
Authentic Fitness is planning to sell CBD foot creams, oils and soaps under the Nine West brand starting this fall. And CVS Health is beginning to sell CBD-infused creams, sprays, lotions and salves at more than 800 stores in seven states; drug store rivals Walgreens and Rite Aid are now following suit.
Even high-end retailers are getting in on the action, charging anywhere from $12 to $150 an ounce. Barneys New York has opened a shop in Beverly Hills, California, that sells CBD-infused creams along with hand blown glass bongs and other accessories, while Neiman Marcus is now offering an array of CBD-infused beauty products from balms, lotions soaps and masks in five of its stores.
"There's definitely a huge opportunity for expansion," said Matthew Mazzucca, creative director at Barneys New York.
He acknowledged, however, the legal hurdles are still hard to navigate and companies should take it slow.
Indeed, some are doing just that. Walmart says it doesn't have plans to carry CBD-infused products at this time and Target, which in 2017 sold hemp extract products on its website but then quickly yanked them, said it's monitoring the situation.
Meanwhile, online behemoth Amazon is staying clear of the stuff. Spokeswoman Cecilia Fan says the company prohibits the sale of products that contain CBD and will remove them from its site if it sees them.
CBD's ubiquity persists despite very little evidence for all the health claims the industry touts. If you believe in the hype, CBD treats pain, reduces anxiety and helps you sleep and keeps you focused. But most claims are based on studies in rats, mice or in test tubes. Human research has been done but on small numbers of people.
Only drugs that have been reviewed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as safe and effective can make claims that they treat or prevent diseases or medical conditions. Many CBD producers try to get around that by using vague language about general health and well-being.
That seems to be good enough for at least some shoppers eager to calm their nerves.
"We are a more anxious society and people are looking for cures," said Kit Yarrow, a consumer psychologist and professor at Golden Gate University in San Francisco. "There's a growing distrust in business and pharma and so people are wanting to find cures that seem more real and wholesome."
Amy Nichols, a former food scientist from Indianapolis, reflects that distrust. Nichols, 46, who's been battling symptoms from autoimmune illness, has been using CBD oils by a brand called Recept that she sticks under her tongue.
"For me, this is a more natural solution to treating symptoms that I am having instead of taking pain killers," said Nichols, who now works as a sales representative for Recept. "I have more energy. I get more done. I am in less pain. I am more active."
CBD is operating within a patchwork of regulations that vary by cities and states. In New York City, regulators are prohibiting outlets to sell CBD-infused food and beverages, threatening them with fines. Other states like Ohio and California are taking similar action. Maine's governor, on the other hand, signed an emergency bill in late March allowing CBD in food products after state inspectors warned stores to pull them from shelves earlier in the year.
The farm bill, passed late last year, gave states and the U.S. Department of Agriculture authority to regulate industrial hemp, a type of cannabis that is high in CBD. That opened the door to hemp-derived CBD products.
But the farm bill gave the FDA authority over the food supply and the agency recently warned that it's illegal to add CBD or THC -- the compound that gives marijuana its high -- to human or animal food and beverages and transport it over state lines. Dietary supplements using CBD are also illegal.
Bigger players like CVS and Walgreens are sticking with skin creams and lotions where the FDA hasn't specifically expressed concern. Others are "rolling the dice" and selling CBD-infused drinks and supplements anyway in hopes of a profit, said Whitt Steineker, a Birmingham, Alabama, attorney who advises the hemp industry.
"They have determined the reward is worth the risk," Steineker said.
With rules and guidance still being written, the landscape is highly uncertain but Steineker expects that to improve.
"Now that hemp is legal, I think the USDA and state departments of agriculture are interested in seeing what type of crop it will be and what its applications are," he said. "They'll move with the speed governments often move with ... (but) by the 2020 growing season, people will have a better understanding how to operate within the law."


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Pop Hybrid - Grape Rush
Vape4change Review: Are you looking for new STLTH flavours? If you are then these STLTH compatible pods are perfect. POP pods are third party pre-filled salt nicotine cartridges compatible with the SLTH device. POP pods are a great closed pod system and customers are loving them! No burning taste and no leaking of pods. They have gained great popularity with our customers.
The POP pods are compatible with the SLTH device
Hybrid is a special formula that will give you a 50 MG throat hit!
3 Pods/Pack
2 ML/Pod


text: The new 2.5-13x56 Stratos is a very powerful superfast scope for the raised hide in broad daylight and at night, featuring an ultra-bright FlashDot in the first focal plane. Like all scopes of this new series the 2.5-13x56 Stratos is equipped with the new programmable "choose your light" illumination. On top of that, the scope also features the new bullet drop compensation for long distance shooting.


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Count your blessings and make the best of what you have !!!
We are greedy by nature and are not content with what we have; we fail to recognize our blessings and are forever hankering for more (some mistakenly call it ambition). It is only when we have nothing that we appreciate and value everything big or small; we become happy at even the smallest change in our fortunes.
We should remain content with whatever material wealth we possess and not close our eyes to the real riches that life has given us. Count your blessings. Lead a life of piety, of kindness, of empathy, of compassion and a life filled with love for ourselves as well as others. These are our true assets- our real treasures.
How people remember us behind our back while we are living and after we have passed on is the true wealth that we accumulate during our lives. So, try to leave a good legacy before that final adieu. ~Latika Teotia


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The Setup will allow you to set the clock, set your goals but also to have access to your data directly to the application by synchronizing.
First, the pairing of your ZeRound with your phone is via Bluetooth. (The Bluetooth of your watch is enabled by default).
To do this, follow these steps:
- Turn on Bluetooth on your mobile device (go to "Settings" and activate the Bluetooth)
- select ZeRound from the list of devices
An icon representing a chainon will appear on the watch to confirm the success of the manual setup
Your ZeRound will be connected with your phone and it will automatically connect to your phone when it is turned on and nearby.
To enjoy all the features of your ZeRound (especially get notifications), download the ZeRound application available in the Google Play store.
- Open the app ZeRound
- Launch the application after downloading, and log or sig up if you do not have an account.
- In the Application Settings tab ZeRound, click "set up ZeRound"
- Select ZeRound in the device list and click pair to confirm the pairing.
Following this, you can enjoy all the features of the ZeRound.


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Despite the fact that FrameMaker was one of the first authoring tools to support structured authoring (FrameBuilder and SGML in 1991 then FrameMaker and XML in 2002), it is still seen by many as purely a book authoring and publishing tool. While it excels at long document production and provides excellent page layout and formatting capabilities, it also offers a robust XML authoring interface and related features. However, in the XML community, it's generally not taken seriously as an XML editor. The release of FrameMaker 11 may start to change this perspective.
One of first things that people may say when asked about FrameMaker and XML editing is, "you can't see the angle brackets, so it's not an XML editor!" Well, with FrameMaker 11, you now have a real Code view authoring option. This isn't just a simple text editor, it's a real XML code editor with many of the productivity features you'd expect in a professional XML editor.
FrameMaker 11 is packed with lots of features, for both structured and unstructured authoring. In this review, I'll just be focusing on the structured authoring and XML features. I was involved in the FrameMaker 11 prerelease testing, and have had the opportunity to offer suggestions and report bugs during the development cycle. I'm quite pleased with the way this release has turned out, although I am one of those people who always wishes that the "bake time" was just a bit longer.
Performance is always on the list of new features. Adobe claims that DITA maps and topics open faster in FM11. To be honest, with my working files I'm not seeing a significant change from FM10, although we're talking about an open time of a few seconds, even for large maps, so I wouldn't expect much improvement there. In tests of extreme cases of element use, I do start to see some significant improvement with FM11. I'm seeing a decrease in file open times of up to 92%; that's a pretty significant change. One document (100 pages with very dense use of inline elements) took over 7 minutes to open in FM10, and only 36 seconds in FM11. Wow. While this test may not represent real-life content, it does show that some serious work was done to speed things up.
Smart Paste is a new feature that lets you copy and paste from HTML or other rich text sources like Word, and automatically have the styles converted into your structured model. FM11 comes pre-configured to support Smart Paste into DITA, but you can customize this feature to work with any data model. This will be a huge time savings when migrating existing content. The resulting element structure may not be exactly what you want, but it's much better than the old way of copy and paste. I think that this will be a very popular feature.
Banner Text is a new feature that provides a clickable label text in newly inserted elements to help guide the author as to the type of content to place in an element. Values such as "title text" or "list item" are defined in the EDD, and you can change them to suit your needs. When combined with the ability to set up boilerplate (or "straw man") content through the use of the element auto-insertion feature in the EDD, you can make it much easier to start writing a new topic, and will make it easier for people to get more comfortable with structured authoring. The default DITA templates are set up this way.
Authoring of structured documents (and XML files) has been made even easier through some new keyboard shortcuts. Pressing CTRL+1 displays a popup list of all valid elements at the current insertion point. Not only can you easily select an element to insert, but this list also lets you select multiple levels (as deep as the model supports) of child elements so that with one click you can insert many levels of nested elements. CTRL+2 does the same thing but lets you wrap the current selection with the selected structure. CTRL+3 provides a change option. CTRL+7 gives you quick access to setting an attribute value. I love the ability to insert multiple elements with one click!
Another great new keyboard shortcut displays an inline attribute editor. Use Esc,i,a,e to pop up a small window that allows selection and entry of attribute values at the current insertion point. Yes, that's a bit of a long "shortcut," but you'll get used to it!
Now you can easily author XML files without creating a structure application. One common complaint about using FrameMaker as an XML editor was the belief that you had to create a structure application in order to edit an XML file. Although this wasn't strictly true, it wasn't entirely obvious how to work with XML files without a structure application. Now one of the New File options is "Empty XML," which is just that, an XML file that isn't linked to a DTD or structure application. You can quickly create an XML file of any arbitrary model, or one that's linked to a DTD for validation, but no structure application is required. You can also open up and edit any XML file, as you'd expect from an XML editor.
Whitespace handling has been greatly improved. Because the Code view mode includes a pretty printing option, the system is designed to handle pretty printed content without trouble. In the past it was often problematic when you were working in a mixed editor environment, and some people pretty printed their content. This should no longer be a problem!
FrameMaker adds two new authoring views in addition to the standard WYSIWYG view. You can now work in "Author mode," a stripped down WYSIWYG view, which lets you focus on the content rather than thinking about the formatting or page layout. You can also work in "Code view," which provides access to the underlying XML coding if you prefer to see the "real" XML under the hood.
Code View!
Providing a Code view option in FrameMaker is huge. It's definitely not something that all FrameMaker users will use, but there are times that you really do need to modify the underlying XML coding, and this provides you with that option. There are people who are more comfortable editing code directly, and this lets them do that right inside of FrameMaker. No need to use another XML editor just because you want access to the XML coding. What's nice is that FrameMaker remains in the authoring mode you last used. So if you're in Code view, and you quit for the day, when you come back the next day and open an XML document, it'll start off in Code view.
Code view has all of the productivity enhancements that you'd expect in an XML editor. Standard features like line numbering, syntax coloring, and code folding, make it very easy to work with large documents. Also, as you type, you are presented with auto-suggest popups for element and attribute names as well as automatically adding the closing element tag. Because of the runtime XML validation, any invalid coding is indicated with a squiggly underline as well as being reported in the Errors panel, if that is enabled (View > Pods > Errors).
Code view also offers an XML Tree view pod. This is a simplified version of the standard Structure view pod available in the WYSIWYG view, but is really just used for easy viewing and selection of element groups. Unfortunately, you can't use this view to move elements, maybe in an update?
Code view also provides an XPath parser to allow flexible searching in the current file, all files in a map, or all files in a folder. This will greatly simplify the process of locating that content that you know is somewhere on the file system. Once authors get comfortable with basic XPath syntax, this will be very popular. It would be great to see this method for searching for files available in the other authoring views, not just in Code view. One caveat, which will hopefully be fixed in an update, if you perform an XPath search on a folder, you'll get errors for files in that folder that are not parsable, such as FM binary files. Not a big deal, just a little annoying, since you'd expect it to just skip those files silently.
In addition to XPath support, Code view also provides the ability to run an XSLT transformation on the current file, all open files, or all files in a folder. You can create XSL scripts that perform various operations, and just pop over to Code view to run the script as needed. Granted, not all FrameMaker users will be writing their own XSLT scripts, but once they start to see the power behind it, more people will give it a try.
Yes, there are a couple of problems in Code view:
Preformatted content can run into trouble when passed through the Code view. If you're working with a data model that includes elements like a <codeblock> or <pre>, the content in those elements should not be indented via the pretty printing process. Unfortunately, in FM11 it currently is, which will likely cause formatting problems in your output. I'm hoping that this is something that will be addressed in an early update, but until it is you may want to avoid opening files in Code view that contain preformatted elements.
Another problem with Code view is one that affects older systems that have a single single processor core (or virtual machines with only one core assigned). If you're one of these groups you can pretty much forget about using Code view in any useful manner. Apparently the XML validation requires two processor cores, so systems with one, will notice a serious lag time between keypresses. This can be mitigated by selecting "No Application" for the structured application name, but that's not really a good solution in the long run. While this should only affect a small number of people, it's pretty serious if you're one of those people. I'm personally hoping that this is at the top of the "fix" list.
DITA Support
As with the previous release, FrameMaker 11 continues to support the DITA 1.2 specification (as well as DITA 1.1). A number of fixes have been made that make it easier to work with FrameMaker in a mixed editor environment and issues have been resolved that created potentially non-compliant DITA topics.
URI notation (for href, conref, etc. attributes) now properly uses the forward slash as the directory delimiter instead of the backslash. A setting in the Options dialog controls this feature. Make sure that "URI Notation for Paths" is selected, and your files will be compliant in this regard.
Cross-reference format names are now stored in the xref/@outputclass attribute rather than the @type attribute, making this feature compliant with the DITA specification. When opening topic files created in earlier releases of FM, your format names will be migrated to the proper attribute. However, note that migrated topics will contain both attributes going forward unless you do something to strip out the @type values. It seems like you'd want the invalid values removed from the @type attribute (so it could be set to the value of the target topic type), but perhaps this will make for an easier transition from earlier versions of FM since it will continue to work properly in both environments. If you are migrating to FM11 and not planning to go back to editing topics in earlier versions of FM, you should set up a script of some kind to strip out the old @type values. (This might be a good use of the new XSLT transformation feature!)
By default, maps open in the Resource Manager, which makes for a very nice map editor. While this is a very useful and efficient view for most map editing operations, such as inserting and arranging topics, it does not yet allow for editing of relationship tables. You'll need to switch to Document view for that (same as in FM10). Also, the new cool keyboard shortcuts for working with elements and attributes (described earlier) don't seem to work in the Resource Manager. When you do switch your map to Document View, you'll see an odd looking structure with your topicref titles shown twice, once for the clickable label and once for the navtitle element. Would be nice to get this cleaned up at some point.
Unfortunately, frontmatter and backmatter elements are not supported in FM11. When you try to insert a <toc> or <indexlist> element in a bookmap, you'll be required to specify a target file. Because these elements represent generated lists, there's typically no reason to specify a target file. Add this to the list of things I hope are fixed, sooner rather than later.
DITA map publishing has been greatly enhanced. Now when you save a DITA map to a book with components, the resulting files will have the pagination and numbering applied and any generated files will be included (TOC, Index, etc.). These properties are defined in the ditafm-output.ini file (found in %appdata%\Adobe\FrameMaker\11). This INI file also lets you specify that the "chapters" are aggregated FM files rather than multiple FM files as nested topics (GenerateFlatBook=1), as well as other options for controlling the output. The enabling of generated lists is done through this INI file as well, which is a bit odd, since the DITA bookmap structure provides a perfectly nice model for this purpose. In fact, if your bookmap does specify frontmatter and backmatter, this will be ignored, and only the lists defined in the INI file are used.
I think that the enhanced map publishing is a big step in the right direction, but it falls short of being as useful as it could be. For one, there's only one INI file. This assumes that all of your books use the exact same properties and generated lists, which is likely not the case. Also, it's a shame that the generated lists aren't enabled by the existence of the associated frontmatter or backmatter elements in the map being processed. Finally, it would be really nice if this INI file was to some degree exposed through a user interface, frequently editing an INI file is a bit cumbersome.
In my opinion, FrameMaker can now be considered a full featured XML editor. That combined with its ability to perform impeccable page layout functions, makes it the ideal authoring and publishing tool for all types of documents and workflows. If I could have only one editor, FrameMaker would certainly be that tool. If you're an existing FrameMaker user, you should definitely download the trial or give this new release a test drive. If you're in the market for an XML editor, don't rule out FrameMaker before you try it; compare the features and benefits of FrameMaker with other XML editors, and you may see that it's quite the worthy competitor.


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From WikiRaider
In Wiki Raider you can find everything about Tomb Raider and Lara Croft. This is a kind of encyclopaedia about Tomb Raider.
There are still many gaps to fill, we would be very glad if you helped gathering information about the games, the comics, the movies and all else.
There is also a German Version of WikiRaider.
I you are looking for official Tomb Raider sources, please visit:
- tombraider.com
- Official Tomb Raider Blog (tumblr)
- facebook.com/tombraider
- youtube.com/tombraider
- twitter.com/tombraider
© Square Enix Ltd. Lara Croft and Tomb Raider are trademarks of Square Enix Ltd. All rights reserved.


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When in the casino, slot machine games are mostly played by folks. This is because the slot machines are practically easy to play through. A newbie in slot machines will learn all the mechanics in just several games. On the surface of that, the thrilling the entertainment you get from this game can be enjoyable.
Gambling can be controlled. If you find that you are barely able to stay not in the any kind of Gambling situation, search out some specialist help. It is better its done now in order to wait until it is too late.
Many compulsive gamblers always believe there's really no way that they could lose. Once they hit loses, they always believe they'll win back the previous losses in the next turn, when you get some of period they are disappointed. Gamblers who can't face their losses due to losing a games the particular common victims of additive gambling.
Upon understanding that the machine is a reliable Slot, don't place big bets on the other hand. You need to do a bankroll test first. Every tips you'll need consider when doing a bankroll test. Should the machine is giving over 50% or maybe profit, then leave that machine avoiding playing this. Chances are, the spin will runs you a big loss. In case you have anything near to the same amount to 49% of the money and profits, utilized stay and play with that machine once more. That machine is generally a good machine anyone let you hit a colossal jackpot pretty soon.
The problem gambler can gamble during periods of celebration and special occasions. He spends his time gambling throughout holiday to relax, and during times of crisis in order to create himself feel. Inevitably, he spends more of their time gambling than he originally planned.
To start with. the thrill of victory cannot be overlooked when it comes to acquiring. Having many opportunities (due to the multiple betting options that constitute craps gambling) to win, makes for about a tremendous involving excitement.
evoslot168 be too greedy. This is the ultimate answer why most gamblers end till bankruptcy. Because even whether they have had already won, they kept wanting to win even more without understanding that the bigger money they bet, the bigger they lose too. Again, think of online gambling as something fun, don't succumb yourself too much to the software. That is pretty dangerous.


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Back when TV was in black-and-white, there was a cop show called Dragnetwhose hero, Sgt. Joe Friday, was famous for telling witnesses, "Just the facts, ma'am." Using the facts he got, he then caught the perp.
In real life, of course, things are not so neat. It's often hard to know what "just the facts" are, let alone what they mean.
Consider the story of Michael Peterson, a Durham, N.C., writer whose wife, Kathleen, was found dead at the bottom of the staircase in their house in 2001. He said she fell; the authorities said he killed her. The evidence was ambiguous.
Three years later, French filmmaker Jean-Xavier de Lestrade turned the case into an acclaimed documentary series, The Staircase, that would set the template for countless true crime series to follow. Imagine Dateline if it was exciting, not hokey.
Peterson's saga has now been dramatized in a moody HBO Max series, also titled The Staircase. Created by Antonio Campos and boasting a crack cast led by Colin Firth andJuliette Binoche, this new version starts with the stuff from the original series and then expands outwards. Hopscotching to and fro over a 16-year period, Campos seeks to reveal truths — and capture emotions — left out of the earlier series.
Firth plays Peterson, a man with an apparently idyllic family life. He has a loving marriage to Kathleen (Toni Collette) and happy relationships with their blended family, which includes two sons and three daughters.
But on Dec. 9, 2001, he calls 911 and tells them that his wife is lying collapsed on the stairs. By the time help arrives she's dead. Although Peterson explains that Kathleen fell while drinking and hit her head, the D.A.'s office is convinced that he murdered her with an implement — in part, it seems, because they disapprove of what they learn about his sex life.
From here things snowball. Not only does the investigation produce startling twist after twist, but the Peterson family starts splintering in all sorts of ways. And in a fresh narrative strand, Campos includes the story of the French filmmakers turning up in Durham, telling Peterson they want to use his story as an example of American justice. Perhaps vaingloriously, he agrees.
Now, The Staircase is very skillfully turned. Campos directs with more visual panache than usual for TV, and he wins lots of nifty performances, including those of Parker Posey, who captures the scornfully amused righteousness of prosecutor Freda Black, and Collette, who endows the dead Kathleen with a living presence.
The whole show revolves around Firth, who hasn't been this good since the film A Single Man. Losing himself in Peterson, who's sort of a tainted Mr. Darcy, he does a spectacular job of conjuring up a man who's charismatic, erudite, slippery and entitled — he's sure the justice system will be on his side.
Big mistake. In fact, both versions of The Staircase detail the workings of a justice system filled with pricey lawyers, ambitious district attorneys, bickering experts and appeals to a jury's cultural biases that may have nothing to do with the evidence or even the case at hand.
By making the French film team part of the action — we see them urging Peterson to show more emotion on camera — Campos accentuates the idea that it's narrative, not truth, that matters. "What is justice?" asks Binoche's character. "Two sides competing to tell a better story."
When it comes to telling a better story, this dramatized Staircase can't match the addictively fizzy energy of the original documentary which you can watch on Netflix. Where the French film enthralls us with shocks and surprises — it's clearly riveted by the showbiz strangeness of high-profile American trials — Campos wants to explore something less fun: the painful human reality of the Peterson case. He leads us into the murk, both emotionally and intellectually.
Which brings us back to facts. It's one measure of their ultimate unknowability in the Peterson case that — through the five preview episodes anyway — Campos doesn't tell us whether Peterson actually murdered Kathleen. Rather than attempt to solve the mystery, he wants us to feel the weight of her death and what happens to everyone in its wake. He clearly agrees with the words of the French producer: "Innocent or guilty — the Peterson ending will always be tragic."
Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Find the right home loan for you
Whether you're a first home buyer, or looking to buy your next home, an ANZ Home Loan Coach can help you on your journey.
HomesEstimate: 14 Jul 2022
These are computer generated price guides only. For a property appraisal, please contact a local agent.


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This is the humble website of myself, Karsten Dambekalns. I am a software developer and open source enthusiast. You can read more about me, my guiding principles and my current projects on this site. From time to time I even blog about web development, Neos, Flow, PHP and other slightly related topics.
Flow and Neos
If you need help with a project around the Flow framework or the Neos content application platform (some might even call it a CMS), you should know that I can help you with development, quality assurance, consulting and coaching. Why not have that feature your are missing implemented?
I am a Flownative
Since February 2015 I am one of Flownative, providing consulting, coaching, development support and more to agencies and developers working with Neos and Flow. Get in touch with us!
Contributing? Why, yes!
If you are working with Flow or Neos and have found them to be of invaluable help for your projects, why not consider supporting the work on those fine projects with a flattr for me or a donation to the Neos project? Or maybe you have time of your own to spare?


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This A5-sized black Rhodia notepad features 70 sheets of premium ivory 90g acid-free, pH neutral blank paper. Each sheet is microperforated at the top for easy and clean removal. The top stapled 'soft touch' cover folds back cleanly, and there is a hard cardboard back for writing support. These economical pads are a favorite of artists, designers, writers, and notebook fans for notes, sketching, and hand drafting. People love them for their grids, smooth paper, and iconic cover.
- Condition
- New
- Brand
- Rhodia
- Type
- Notepads
- Color
- Black
- Size - Overall
The general international paper size, including options such as A4, A5, B5, Pocket, etc. Click here to read our guide on paper sizes.
- Binding Orientation
- Top
- Binding Type
- Stapled
- Cover Material
- Coated Paper
- Paper Color
- Off-White/Ivory
- Paper Weight
- 90g
- Sheet Count
The number of individual pieces of paper in the notebook (whereas pages refers to each side of a sheet). 1 sheet = 2 pages.
- 70
- Perforation
Whether or not the paper is micro-perforated and designed to be removed from the notebook. Options include None, Some, or All pages.
- All
- Height (in)
- 8.3in
- Height (mm)
- 210mm
- Width (in)
- 5.8in
- Width (mm)
- 148mm
- Ruling Type
- Blank


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Airsoft Community Supporting P.T.S.D
This patch has been designed, produced and donated by friends/supporters of RBLI who have raised over £50,000 selling patches like this for our charity.
This Velcro patch is approximately 9.5cm in width, 4.5cm in height.
Paul Sapsford and Tim Brown have raised the money selling unique patches to players of Airsoft, raising awareness of PTSD in the process and funds for RBLI.
Former electrical engineer Paul's world was turned upside-down when he was came into contact with live wires while renovating a hotel in 2005 – he only survived thanks to a quick-thinking apprentice who knocked him off his ladder.
The 56-year-old struggled to come to terms with the experience and found himself out-of-work before eventually being diagnosed with PTSD.
Paul moved from job to job but found his mental health and injuries were holding him back in life. Paul said:
"Then I found help with Royal British Legion Industries," Paul added. "They organised for me to have counselling and supported me with getting back to work. Without doubt it's the greatest decision I made following the accident."
Paul found help from RBLI's Maidstone office which provides support to veterans and civilians like Paul, before then taking part in an RBLI Wellbeing course run at the charity's Aylesford head office last year. He now works at Audley Mote Retirement Village as a maintenance operative.
But it was during his recovery that Paul was introduced to Airsoft where he would find inspiration for his fundraising. "It was a new world that I entered into and gave me an escape," Paul said.
Paul joined forces with Tim Brown, who runs the Pew Pew Airsoft Community Facebook community page, and Tim's Daughter Nicole to help raise awareness of PTSD and funds for the charity during its 2019 centenary year.
"As RBLI helped me so much – I was desperate to give something back," Paul added.
Here at RBLI we have 100 years of supporting people with challenges such as PTSD and whilst RBLI is a military charity at its core, over recent decades we have expanded our services to the wider community, such as individuals with disabilities or those struggling to find work, so that we can further improve the lives of the most vulnerable in society.
We are incredibly thankful to the ingenuity of both Paul and Tim and his son and daughter, Chris and Nicole, and the Airsoft community for having raised such a phenomenal amount for our services."
We hope you enjoy this product.
Sign up to receive RBLI news and updates, and receive special discounts throughout the year!


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Nanacoco Professional Extreme – 3D Multi-layered lashes for a bold and trendy new look.
- Multi-Dimensional
- Comfortable
- Lightweight
- Reusable
How to apply
- Measure the false lash strip up against your eyelid and trim if necessary.
- Apply Nanacoco lash adhesive (sold separately) onto lash band.
- Apply lashes along the lash line.
- To remove, gently pull the lashes from the outer corner of each eye.


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ETF shares are not redeemable with the issuing fund other than in large Creation Unit aggregations. Instead, investors must buy or sell ETF Shares in the secondary market with the assistance of a stockbroker. In doing so, the investor may incur brokerage commissions and may pay more than net asset value when buying and receive less than net asset value when selling. The NAV of the Fund's shares is calculated each day the national securities exchanges are open for trading as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"), normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time (the "NAV Calculation Time"). Shares are bought and sold at market price not NAV. Beginning November 2, 2020, market price returns are calculated using the closing price and account for distributions from the funds. Prior to November 2, 2020, market price returns were calculated using the midpoint price and accounted for distributions from the fund. The midpoint is the average of the bid-ask prices at 4:00 PM ET (when NAV is normally determined for most funds).
An active secondary market for the Fund's shares may not exist. Although the Fund's shares will be listed on an exchange, subject to notice of issuance, it is possible that an active trading market may not develop or be maintained. There is no guarantee that distributions will be paid.
Investing involves risk including the possible loss of principal. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.
The performance data quoted here represents past performance. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data quoted above. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. The investment return and principal value of an investment will fluctuate so that investor's shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.
Equity securities are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value. Investments in foreign securities could subject the Fund to greater risks including, currency fluctuation, economic conditions, and different governmental and accounting standards. The earnings and prospects of small and medium sized companies are more volatile than larger companies and may experience higher failure rates than larger companies. Overall market risks may also affect the value of the Fund. Factors such as domestic economic growth and market conditions, interest rate levels and political events affect the securities markets.
Investors should carefully consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Main Sector Rotation ETF. This and other important information about the Fund is contained in the prospectus, which can be obtained by calling 1-866-383-9778. The prospectus should be read carefully before investing. The Fund is distributed by Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC. Main Management ETF Advisors, LLC is not affiliated with Northern Lights Distributors, LLC.


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The big day is just shy of a month away…. but there is still time to treat yourself or gift a loved one with a brilliant Advent Calendar, from booze to beauty, theres something for everyone! Advent Calendars are a real tradition in our house – it really marks the start of ACTUAL CHRISTMAS! But gone are the days of eating stale chocolate come the 1st December, (unless you're weird like me and actually really love the cheapest Kinnerton calendar you can get your mitts on!). So, cheapo chocolate aside, here is my pick of the best Advent Calendars that are available online, now.
The must-have jewellery advent calendar of 2018, Orelia's 12 Days Of Christmas Jewellery Advent Calendar contains a stunning gold plated necklace and bracelet chain, along with an eclectic mix of charms behind each door, so you can create your own piece, layer up with lots of charms or pick your favourite to wear alone.
They've also included a pair of the bestselling gold plated Micro Hoop Earrings, which you can add a charm to or wear alone.
Limited quantities available.
Each door reveals a new Christmas track culminating in an awesome Christmas playlist for Christmas Day. Ideal Music Lover Gift.
Choose any name to be printed on the advent calendar.
Open a door each day and hold your phone or tablet up to the calendar to hear the Christmas hit for that day. Each track plays straight away and after that track, the album that the track is taken from continues to play.
The perfect gift for every Music Lover or to help ease those Bah Hambug's into the festive spirit throughout December!
The carefully curated tracks have been selected based on the most popular Christmas Hits of all time, including classics such as:
All I Want For Christmas Is You by Mariah Carey, Do They Know It's Christmas by Band Aid, Driving Home For Christmas by Chris Rea, Fairytale of New York by The Pogues, Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas by Frank Sinatra, It's Beginning To Look A Lot Like Christmas by Michael Buble etc.
On Christmas Day, scan the Spotify code to listen to all 25 tracks as your Christmas playlist throughout the big day.
made from:
Our personalised advent calendars are made from 350 gsm box board card and comes with a small clip to hang the advent calendar with. Size – A3.
The countdown to Christmas will be merry, warming and aromatic with this Edinburgh Gin Advent Calendar of 25 mini 5cl gin bottles. Enjoy a variety of tastes including clean, fresh and spicy on-the-nose gin. Delighting the palate of gin connoisseurs, hints of juniper, pine, floral, lavender, soft spice and citrus wait behind each calendar window.
- 5x Edinburgh Gin, 5cl
- 4x Seaside Gin, 5cl
- 3x Cannonball Gin 5cl
- 13 x Fruit Gin Liqueurs, 5cl
- Suitable for: Vegetarians, Vegans, Gluten Free. Does not contain Nuts.
- Maximum Alcohol content per bottle, 43%.
Start every December day leading up to Christmas with the joyful feeling of giving. Perfect for the season of goodwill, this Advent of Change calendar reveals a new charity recipient every day that benefits from the purchase of your calendar.
With this one simple purchase you will be making a donation to 24 amazing charities – helping the environment, endangered animals and even improving the lives of children.
Each of the 24 perforated doors represents a £1 donation, and will reveal:
1. The registered charity recipient for that day.
2. How your contribution can be used, showing you how you've changed the world for the better.
With 85% of the sale price going directly to charity, Advent of Change serves as a thoughtful conversation piece and the most meaningful gift for family, friends or, of course, yourself.
Open up to change this year and help 24 charities to make a difference, this Christmas and beyond.
Each calendar is wrapped in a biodegradable potato starch film and manufactured in the UK using FSC-certified paper, vegetable oil-based inks and biodegradable glue.
Advent of Change is a not-for-profit organisation, and gives £24 of the sale price directly to charity. The remaining £3.95 is used for production, operational and fundraising costs.
When you choose Advent of Change, you're making a donation to the following 24 amazing charities – to see full details, take a look at the John Lewis & Partners product page, here.
A beautiful wooden advent train, personalised for the festive season! Use year after year!
A fantastic alternative to the usual paper advent calendar to be used for years to come, this amazing wooden train engine with two carriages has with black, white and gold paint detailing as well as fixed shiny round wheels. Each carriage features 12 drawers (6 on each side) ready to be pulled out and filled with sweets and tiny trinkets!
All 24 drawers are labelled with the numbers 1 to 24, so every day is covered over the advent period until Christmas day.
The carriages and engine are connected via small metal hooks and can be linked or left separate depending on your preference, and each drawer can be removed to rearrange if you want to create a search game for the kids!
A name of your choice printed in black on one train, with 'Santa Express' to follow on the other train. We can allow up to 10 characters, including spaces and punctuation. Your font size will be adjusted accordingly.
This train is a decorative item and not a toy.
made from:
Engine – width 13cm x height 13.5cm x depth 8cm
Carriage – width 15cm x height 10.5cm x depth 10cm
Inside of drawers – width 3.2cm x height 2.4cm x depth 3.1cm
Mixed case of 24 craft beers, by the team at HonestBrew.
Feast your eyes upon a seasonal selection of 24 festive brews that will light up the life of any self-respecting beer lover over December! Containing a range of beer styles, from light and hoppy, to dark and roasty, there's a beery surprise each day. Tis the season to be jolly… and drink great beer.
After selling out in 2015, 2016 and 2017, the HonestBrew Craft Beer Advent calendar is once again back & better than ever before.
24 beers, 15 styles, 12 countries, 7 exclusive beers, plus free standard shipping! Guaranteed fresh & on time.
Only the best breweries go into our advent calendar. That means award-winning, quality-driven and innovative producers from 12 countries behind every door. This premium selection includes 7 exclusive beers, limited edition collaborations, and seasonal releases for a festive journey across the craft beer landscape.
Expect a wide range of beer styles to sample. Including: IPAs, Pale Ales, Saisons, Pilsners, Porters and Stouts. Breweries include Magic Rock, Cloudwater, Northern Monk, Buxton and many more!
made from:
Beers come in glass bottles & craft cans.
All beer is made from mighty fine ingredients (water, malt, hops and yeast) and some love.
Packaged in recyclable cardboard box with protective packaging.
I hope this gives you some idea's for the lucky ones in your life! For us, we've already got the LEGO City calendar for Eli, which our Elf on the Shelf Scout Elf, FRODO, will be bringing on 1st December, as he does every year.
Happy Advent, however you choose to celebrate!