text:
Rodolfo F. Acuña weighs in
on the PBS/Ken Burns Controversy
Dear Ms. Mazur:
Please forgive me if I sound a bit exasperated. It is my understanding that the controversy is about the Ken Burns' documentary and its failure to integrate Mexican Americans and Latinos into the mainframe of the documentary. Mr. Burns has said in the past that he has a right to artistic freedom and has even claimed that he has a constitutional right to his opinion. I don't disagree with him — and if this were a novel or a work of fiction that would be great. However, we are talking about a historical documentary.
In defense of your showing the Burns documentary, you have listed a half dozen projects that KCET will offer to California viewers, which is great — but it does not absolve the Ken Burns documentary nor the fact that you will be featuring it. That you are advertising it. That you are touting it as true story of World War II.
Just like the warden said in the film, "Cool Hand Luke," what we have here is a failure to communicate. You would probably understand me better if you had ever been involved in civil rights. The present controversy is analogous to having the premier school in the school district segregated.
When incensed parents complain, you add a bungalow to the premier school and say, "well you have a bungalow." When the parents further criticize the school, the response is well Mexicans have a half dozen other schools that are integrated, and we just painted them for you.
Frankly, I am too old to buy the cover up. The damage has been done and you are compounding it. Public television did not do anything after Burns arrogantly disregarded Latinos in his baseball and his jazz documentaries. We were promised that next time there would be more care given to accuracy.
Well, you messed up again.
It just shows a basic "I don't give a shit attitude" on KCET's part. What should have been done is to send the documentary back to the editing table and Mexican Americans and Latinos integrated into the storyline. It did not happen although in cases involving other groups you have done it. I applaud you for being sensitive to the Jewish, women and African American communities — but you know what — you disrespect Mexican and Latinos.
Rodolfo F. Acuña, PhD
Chicana/o Studies Department
California State University at Northridge
Mare Mazur responds:
Dear Dr. Acuña:
I am very sorry you were insulted by the Ken Burns letter that ran in our September magazine. As the person responsible for the broadcast schedule and our production slate, including the magazine, I can say with certainty that offending our viewers was anything but my intention.
California Connected, which just received the Alfred I. duPonte-Columbia University Award for journalism, just concluded production on a special one-hour episode titled California at War. California at War premieres August 23rd, and will be repeated several times leading up to our broadcast of The War. This program looks at the impact World War II had on California, and more importantly, the impact California had on winning the war. To that end, it includes the history of contribution from the Hispanic community who struggled with racism on the home front while being the most decorated group of the war.
In addition to airing California at War, we renewed the rights to Valor a 30-minute documentary on Latino stories of heroism during World War II, which KCET produced as part of the LA Stories project in 1989. We have also acquired a film by Mario Barrera, Professor Emeritus, Chicano Studies, University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez served as the academic advisor on both of those projects.
We are also running Valentina: Mexican-Americans in World War II from our sister station in New Mexico. All of these programs will be heavily promoted in and around The War. It is our expectation that this will give us the opportunity to introduce a wide audience to the history of contribution from the Latino community.
KCET has a long record of representing the Hispanic community in our productions and programming. In 1996 my colleague Joyce Campbell was the Co-executive producer of Chicano! The History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement which won the Nosotros Golden Eagle Award for Outstanding Documentary. She was also the executive in charge of American Family, the first Latino family drama to air on broadcast television, which KCET co-produced with Greg Nava.
In 2006 KCET was recognized by the National Hispanic Media Coalition for Excellence in Television Programming.
Ms. Campbell now serves as our Vice President of Education and Children's Programming. In that capacity she oversees programming designed to reach the diverse audience represented in the eleven counties we serve.
This department is also responsible for the two shows that give me the greatest satisfaction: A Place of Our Own and Los Niños en Su Casa.
These are companion programs produced in both English and Spanish designed to help caregivers of pre-school aged children better prepare the children in their care for early learning.
These two series were originally developed for California distribution. While running regionally they were recognized with a George Foster Peabody Award for excellence in media, and a local Emmy. The website, which is completely bi-lingual, received the Japan Prize, an international commendation for best website. Based on our success in California, we are
able to make the programs available nationally, and are now being carried in nearly 70% of the country.
As a native Angeleno I have made the commitment that our programming, local and national, reflect the unique and diverse voices of Southern California. Again, I regret that Ken's letter offended you. My colleagues and I work very hard to create a spirit of inclusion in all that we do, and as I began, I'm sorry that you did not find that spirit adequately communicated.
I do hope you choose to watch California at War and our other programs; we are all proud of the work and hope they resonate with our viewers. I would greatly appreciate your feedback and welcome your call should you have the


text:
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Ryan Seacrest is returning to the show that launched him into stardom.
Kelly Ripa announced on Thursday's "Live with Kelly and Ryan" that Seacrest will be returning as the host of the "American Idol" reboot.
The announcement comes after seemingly months of negotiations between Seacrest and ABC, which is bringing the popular singing competition back on the air after Fox canceled it in 2016.
"It's genuinely hard to put into words what 'American Idol' means to me," Seacrest said in a statement. "I'm so grateful for the show and all the career and life opportunities it's allowed me to experience."
"It's been an incredible journey from day one," he added. "To be asked to return this year, at my new home at Disney|ABC, is an honor, if not a bit surreal. I believe ABC is the perfect home for 'Idol,' and I've every confidence the show's legions of fans will love it -- especially 'Idol''s best traditions of showcasing heartwarming stories, remarkable talent discovery, and, best of all, making dreams come true."
In May, FremantleMedia reached an agreement with ABC to revive the show, which was still pulling in decent ratings when it was retired. About 14 million tuned in for the series finale in April 2016.
Part of the show's success can be attributed to Seacrest's role as host, which made him a fan favorite to return to the show.
It also adds another notch to his "hardest working man in showbiz" belt.
In addition to his daytime gig on the syndicated "Live with Kelly and Ryan," which he started in May, Seacrest has also built an empire with a popular radio show and a production company responsible for hit shows like "Keeping Up With the Kardashians."
"Idol" is set to return sometime during the 2017-2018 television season.


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text:
The Digital Asset Links protocol and API enable an app or website to make public, verifiable statements about other apps or websites. For example, a website can declare that it is associated with a specific Android app, or it can declare that it wants to share user credentials with another website.
Here are some possible uses for Digital Asset Links:
- Website A declares that links to its site should open in a designated app on mobile devices, if the app is installed.
- Website A declares that it can share its Chrome user credentials with website B so that the user won't have to log in to website B if it is logged into website A.
- App A declares that it can share device settings, such as location, with website B.
Key terms
- Principal: The principal is the app or website making the statement. In Digital Asset Links, the principal is always the app or website that hosts the statement list.
- Statement list: Statements are contained in a statement list that contains one or more statements. A statement list is cleartext and publicly accessible, in a location that is controlled by the principal and difficult to spoof or tamper with. It can be a free-standing file, or a section of another, larger item. For example, on a website, it is an entire file; in an Android app, it is a section in the app manifest. Statements can be viewed and verified by anyone, using non-proprietary methods. See the statement list documentation for more information.
- Statement: A statement is a tightly structured JSON construct that consists of a relation (what the statement says to do, for example: Enable sharing credentials) and a target (the website or app that the relation applies to). Therefore, each statement is like a sentence, where principal says relation about target.
- Statement consumer: A statement consumer requests a statement list from a principal, checks for the presence of a statement against a given principal, and if it exists, can perform the action specified. See the statement comsuming documentation for more information.
Quick usage example
Here's a very simplified example of how the website www.example.com could use Digital Asset Links to specify that any links to URLs in that site should open in a designated app rather than the browser:
- The website www.example.com publishes a statement list at
https://www.example.com/.well-known/assetlinks.json. This is the official
name and location for a statement list on a site; statement lists in any
other location, or with any other name, are not valid for this site. In
our example, the statement list consists of one statement, granting its
Android app the permission to open links on its site:
[{ "relation": ["delegate_permission/common.handle_all_urls"], "target" : { "namespace": "android_app", "package_name": "com.example.app", "sha256_cert_fingerprints": ["hash_of_app_certificate"] } }]
A statement list supports an array of statements within the [ ] marks, but our example file contains only one statement.sha256_cert_fingerprints
is the SHA256 fingerprints of your app's signing certificate. Find more details in the Android App Links documentation. - The Android app listed in the statement above has an intent filter
that specifies the scheme, host, and path pattern of URLs that it wants
to handle: in this case, https://www.example.com. The intent filter
includes a special attribute
, new to Android M, which indicates that Android should verify the statement on the website described in the intent filter when the app is installed. - A user installs the app. Android sees the intent filter with the
attribute and checks for the presence of the statement list at the specified site; if present, Android checks whether that file includes a statement granting link handling to the app, and verifies the app against the statement by certificate hash. If everything checks out, Android will then forward any https://www.example.com intents to the example.com app. - The user clicks a link to https://www.example.com/puppies on their device. This link could be anywhere: in a browser, in a Google Search Appliance suggestion, or anywhere else. Android forwards the intent to the example.com app.
- The example.com app receives the intent and chooses to handle it, opening the puppies page in the app. If for some reason the app had declined to handle the link, or if the app were not on the device, then the link would have been sent to the next default intent handler matching that intent pattern (often the browser).
Important considerations and limitations:
- The protocol does not authenticate the principal making the statement, but the statement is located in a specific location strongly associated with the principal, and under control of the principal.
- The protocol does not authenticate the statement target, but it provides a means for the caller to authenticate the target (for example, a statement identifies mobile app targets by certificate hash and package name).
- The protocol does not natively perform any statement actions; rather, it enables the ability to expose statements, which a consuming application must validate and then decide whether and how to act upon. Android M natively performs these steps for you; for example, if a website delegates link handling to a specific app, Android checks and verifies the statement, verifies the target app, and then offers the app the option to handle the given link.
- The protocol does not enable making statements about two third parties: that is, website A can make a statement about website B, but website A cannot make a statement about website B's relationship to website C. However, if website B trusts website A, it can check website A for a statement granting permission to website C, and decide to implement that.


text:
story with her Touch of Paris vignette
Barbara at 21 Rosemary Lane creates a burlap
3. Since Potpourri is a mixture or assortment, you may link up your creative posts on décor, gardening, DIY projects, crafts, recipes, thrifty finds, photography, etc. Potpourri is a mixture or assortment.
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text:
Journal of Creation 21(1):69–74, April 2007
Browse our latest digital issue Subscribe
A 5D spherically symmetric expanding universe is young
Carmelian Cosmological General Relativity theory is considered in five dimensions. For it to be consistent with both Cosmological Relativity on the largest scales and Special Relativity on the smallest scales, the acceleration of the expansion of the cosmos must have been extremely large at Creation and must be zero at the present epoch. Hence the forced stretching of the fabric of space only occurred during the Creation Week and then ceased. This implies that during the creation of the heavenly bodies, massive time dilation occurred on Earth at the centre of the expansion. It is a necessary conclusion from the 5D theory describing a spherically symmetric expanding universe that light from the most distant sources reaches Earth within the biblical time scale as measured by local atomic time, but takes billions of years as measured in cosmic time.
In physics today we have the situation where Einstein's Special Relativity (SR) theory has been very successfully applied in the local laboratory frame with moving and stationary clocks, to GPS satellites, and in analysing the decay of cosmic particles on Earth. Einstein's Equivalence Principle (EEP) and his General Relativity (GR) theory have also been extensively tested with space-borne clocks in rockets and satellites.
It appears that it also has been successfully applied to the large-scale structure of the cosmos—cosmology. Today, the framework of Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) is used to describe the expansion of the cosmos. However, various anomalies present themselves, including the mysterious 'dark' matter and 'dark' energy, which are said to comprise about 22% and 74% of the current universe, respectively. But they are still unknown. Moreover we are told that the universe underwent a rapid expansion, and this is the reason the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is so smooth and why we don't find monopoles. There are also many other problems1 with what has now become the standard paradigm—the big bang origin and evolution of the universe. It all seems to be unravelling at the seams.2,3
In recent years, a new five-dimensional cosmology has begun to challenge the standard model—Cosmological Special Relativity (CSR) and Cosmological General Relativity (CGR), developed by Moshe Carmeli.4–9 However, it might well be asked whether the application of GR to the universe as a whole is correct. The underlying principle upon which the standard model is built is the Copernican or cosmological principle, which essentially says that the physics we see here is the same for the whole universe at all epochs of time. It also says that wherever the observer is, he will see essentially the same picture of the distribution of galaxies in the universe. But if that principle is wrong, then the model that results is invalid. This seems to be the state of what is nowadays called 'consensus cosmology'.
In this paper I explore an extension of Carmelian cosmology. In itself, it has had success in describing the large-scale structure as seen in the type 1a supernovae distance modulus versus redshift data,10,11 and in fitting to the anomalous rotation curves of spiral galaxies.12 I propose that the only 5D spacetimevelocity metric that can be correct on both the local scale, reproducing the 4D spacetime metric of SR and GR, and on the cosmological scale, reproducing the 4D spacevelocity metric of CSR and CGR, is one that requires that enormous cosmological acceleration and accompanying time dilation has occurred, in the past, between Earth clocks and those in the rest of the universe. This means the universe is very young as measured by Earth clocks. It only has the appearance of great age because we are biased by the vast size of the universe. Based on the observed retardation of cosmological clocks in the distant universe, I postulate that during Creation Week, specifically on Day 4, Earth clocks ran extremely slowly compared to the rest of the universe.
This means that if the new theory is shown to fit the observations of the large-scale structure of the universe and is consistent with Einstein's well-tested special relativity theory, then we are forced to conclude that the correct understanding of the expanding universe means that clocks on Earth once ran at much slower rates than clocks in the universe. As a result, we have a mechanism for light to travel to Earth from the most distant galaxies within the biblical timescale.
Cosmological Relativity
The new 5D cosmology contains all of standard GR as a subset. All of the results in GR that are experimentally supported are also obtained in CGR.8 On the local scale where the universe is not expanding, Cosmological Relativity has no application. CSR applies a structure, similar to SR, to the whole cosmos without taking matter into account. When matter is added, CGR is required.
Here the CGR theory is considered using a Riemannian five-dimensional presentation of gravitation in which the coordinates are those of Hubble (i.e. proper distances as measured by the Hubble law and the measured redshifts of galaxies), and atomic time as measured by Earth clocks.
The metric4,7 used by Carmeli, in a covariant theory, extends the number of dimensions of the universe by the addition of a new dimension—the radial velocity of the galaxies in the Hubble flow. The Hubble law is assumed as a fundamental axiom for the universe and the galaxies are distributed accordingly.
5D line element
Initially, let us confine the discussion to an expanding universe without matter. The line element5,6 is that of CSR and is given by
where τ is the Hubble-Carmeli time constant, the reciprocal of the Hubble parameter H0 in the limit of weak gravity, and it is a constant in this epoch of time. The coordinate v is the expansion velocity of the cosmos, the radial speed of the expanding fabric of space. Coordinates x, y and z are spatial coordinates, and t is atomic time as recorded by Earth-based clocks. When ds = 0 one gets the Hubble expansion with no gravity, but this also requires dt = 0.
γ-factor in SR
Writing dr2 = dx2 + dy2 + dz2 in arbitrary spatial co-ordinates, (1) becomes
Now dividing by ds2 ,
where u = dr/dt. Therefore the relativistic γ-factor (γE) is
And when dv/dt → 0,
as per Einstein's SR. This is because SR does not deal with an expanding space; that is, v is identically zero. The result is the usual γ-factor in SR, which causes strange relativistic effects (time dilation and length contraction) at high relative speeds; that is, where u → c. Besides on the local scale, the universe is not expanding now.
γ-factor in CSR
Similarly, from (1) it follows that
Dividing by ds2 ,
where tc = dr/dv is cosmic time measured backwards from tc = 0 at the observer, but determined from the expansion. By contrast, t is the locally measured atomic time. Therefore the relativistic γ-factor (γC ) is
When dv/dt is large compared to a0 = c/τ
as per Carmeli's CSR.7 This is the normal case in the cosmos in CSR. The motion of the galaxies is dominated by the expansion, and local motions are negligibly small. As tc → τ, this γ-factor causes velocity dilation and length contraction analogous to that in SR.
Lorentz transformations
Since we assume Hubble law to be axiomatically true, v ≈ H0 r. Therefore locally,
Hence it follows that dv/dt → 0 as dr/dt → 0. We know that local space is not expanding. Therefore it follows from (2) that we can set dv/dt → 0 in (4) resulting in (5), and hence space and time coordinates transform according to the usual Lorentz transformations in SR.
In cosmology, space and velocity coordinates transform by the cosmological transformation,13
Comparing the above transformations shows that the cosmological transformation can be formally obtained from the Lorentz transformation by changing t to v and c to τ (hence u/c → tc /τ). Thus the transfer from ordinary physics to the expanding universe, under the above assumption of empty space, for null four-vectors is simply achieved by replacing u/c by tc /τ, where tc is the cosmic time measured with respect to us now.
Time dilation
Let us now suppose that the observer is located at the centre of the expansion. Let us also represent the time interval recorded by an inertial clock, co-moving with expanding sources14 attached to space as dT and local Earth-based atomic time interval as dt. From (2) we can write
Let us assume that motion through space is negligible. Therefore with u → 0,
At the present epoch dv/dt = 0 because we observe no expansion. This means, except for curvature effects, which are presently ignored, clocks in the universe run essentially at the same rate as on Earth. However, if dv/dt was much greater than c/τ = a0, a universal constant, it follows that dt << dT. I propose that this was the case during Day 4 of Creation Week and vast amounts of time passed on the galaxies expanding out from the centre of the universe with little time passing at the centre.
This is the critical point in understanding this paper. The assumption is that during the creation of the heavenly bodies15 on Day 4 the universe underwent a very rapid expansion. For example, the Bible tells us:
'He wraps himself in light as with a garment; he stretches out the heavens like a tent' (Psalms 104:2).
'He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth, and its people are like grasshoppers. He stretches out the heavens like a canopy, and spreads them out like a tent to live in' (Isaiah 40:22).
'This is what God the Lord says—he who created the heavens and stretched them out, who spread out the earth and all that comes out of it, who gives breath to its people, and life to those who walk on it' (Isaiah 42:5).
'This is what the Lord says—your Redeemer, who formed you in the womb: I am the Lord, who has made all things, who alone stretched out the heavens' (Isaiah 44:24).
The very fabric of space was stretched, and during that time of stretching, stars and galaxies were created.16 In order to conserve energy (and because of the underlying conservation laws imposed by the Creator) the period also involved massive particle production. This conclusion naturally results from the same 5D theory.17 This involved the creation of the stars and galaxies via massive ejection events from the centres of active galaxies and quasars. Though still controversial, this idea has observational support. Halton Arp and other astrophysicists have published many papers and a few books18 supporting this hypothesis based on decades of observations. Their view is totally naturalistic, whereas in the creationary model presented here all matter created this way was created during Day 4. This was part of the creation of the heavenly bodies, which we are able to see and which reveals His Glory for all to see.19
Now considering the fact that this would mean when we look out into the cosmos we are looking back in time, due to the finite speed of light, we are then looking at the events of Day 4 creation as they are actually happening. This also implies that the expansion of the universe only occurred during the Creation period, over six thousand years ago as measured by Earth clocks. The universe may no longer be expanding; at least the expansion is no longer accelerating. But we are seeing the after-effects of that expansion.
Therefore we expect that the environs of the solar system are not affected by any expansion now, which is consistent with the Hubble law, i.e. no expansion locally. But outside the Milky Way residual effects are still observed, particularly towards the limit of observation. And it is at great distances and towards the limits of the visible universe where the CGR theory is most applicable. But since we are looking back in time the great distant events actually occurred during the Creation Week. A large value of dv/dt, meaning dt/dv << a0 (c.f. eq. (8)), is consistent with the basis of CGR, which has been successfully applied to the high redshift (very distant) observations of the cosmos.10
The question might be asked, 'Shouldn't we then see massive blueshifts because of the existence of the large time dilation between sources at the edge of the universe and those at the observer?' No, the time dilation that (14) refers to only occurred on Earth during the period of rapid expansion. Once the expansion was switched off there would be no difference in clock rates.20 And the expansion was switched off six thousand years ago. The Creator, who is omnipresent, switched off the acceleration when he stopped stretching out the fabric of space at that time. If we were on Earth to observe the cosmos during the period when the acceleration stopped we may have seen blueshifted starlight change colour as Earth clocks began to tick at approximately the same rate as cosmic clocks.
What we now observe in the universe is the redshifted light from the galaxies that has resulted from the expansion, not from this time dilation mechanism. The light is continuing to travel towards the Earth from the distant galaxies, as it has for billions of years by cosmological clocks, but because Earth clocks now run at the same rate we only observe expansion effects. The reference clocks in the cosmos are these cosmological or Hubble clocks, which can be related to redshift z by9
As z → ∞ we are seeing back towards the beginning of time, where tc → τ ≈ 13 billion years. But because this observation does not take into account the episode of rapid (superluminal) expansion (which is not observable today) the universal constant τ more correctly describes the size of the universe, not its true age as measured by Earth clocks.
One-way speed of light
We can write (1) as
where dr2 = dx2 + dy2 + dz2. Dividing (16) by dt2, and equating ds = 0 for the trajectory of a photon in spacetimevelocity, we get
The speed of light, c, in (17) is actually the locally measured two-way speed. The speed dr/dt is not the measurable two-way speed of light c but the non-measurable one-way speed of light.21,22 It tells us the speed of the expansion with respect to local Earth-based atomic clocks. Notice if dv/dt is zero we get the usual limiting speed c of SR. However, if dv/dt was extremely large in the unobservable past in the vicinity of Earth, as it now appears to be in the cosmos, which is in our past, then the one-way speed of light also was much larger then.
The apparent effect on the one-way speed of light dr/dt is really the direct result of time dilation. The actual measurable speed of light has not changed. It is time that is the variable in these equations, and as a result only appears to be producing enormous theoretical changes in the one-way speed of light, as seen by the observer. The actual speed of light is always the two-way speed c and is constant.
Spherically symmetric universe
From (16) it may be noted that this result is true in general for any coordinate system. In the real universe I consider the case of spherically symmetric coordinates, but it should be remembered that the time dilation is not the result of the choice of a coordinate frame.
In a spherically symmetric, isotropic, expanding23 universe, evenly filled with matter of density Ωm, it can be shown that for a photon trajectory:
where the effects of adding matter have been included in (17). Here Ωm is the averaged matter density of the universe expressed as a fraction of the critical density, which in this theory is 3/8πGτ2 ≈ 10–29 g/cm3 . The additional term results from solving Carmelian 4D spacevelocity representation of the large scale structure of the universe.
At the current epoch anywhere in the universe (17) holds. That means that the local physics is determined solely by SR, as expected, because dv/dt measured against local clocks is zero. However at past epochs dv/dt is non-zero and CSR must be applied instead. When matter is added, on a sufficiently large enough scale, the situation changes and we use (18). This means (18) is only really valid in a neighbourhood of a universe that is spherically symmetric around the origin—hence it must involve an isotropic matter distribution. Homogeneity is not required.
Light travel time
In order to calculate the light travel time in the universe from light sources at the edge we need to know the speed of the photons in terms of atomic time as measured by Earth clocks which have undergone a period of massive time dilation during the first days of Creation, especially on Day 4 when the Creator created the heavenly bodies. This is not the speed of light in terms of cosmic time, which is always c, and since Earth clocks now tick with nearly the same rate as cosmic clocks c is the locally measured value now also. So we need to know dr/dt where r is the proper distance to the source and t is atomic time units on Earth.
We have observed in (8) that the value of dv/dt needs to be very large at high redshifts (z >> 0) at cosmic times tc >> 0, but from (4) it is clear dv/dt needs to be zero at the current epoch tc = 0 (z ≈ 0). This is best described by a step function,
as shown in the solid curve in figure 1. The function (19) is shown with a finite maximum value, which at this stage we can only say was extremely large. This means that at the Creation the acceleration dv/dt was very large and then at some value of redshift z ≈ 0 the acceleration was switched to, or rapidly decreased to, zero. This switching was physically associated with the stretching of the fabric of space itself, as God spread out the heavens.
Now the function (19) can be approximated by an exponential of the form
where η is a dimensionless proportionality constant that is yet to be determined. The function in (20) has the needed characteristics and can be related to redshift z, using (15). This function is also illustrated by the broken curve in figure 1 where a maximum value has been imposed. However, for the purpose of the following calculations, (20) is used instead, which increases without bound as tc → τ or as z → ∞.
From a comparison of the magnitudes of the terms in (18) the matter density term can be neglected for the purposes of calculating the light travel time in the universe in terms of Earth atomic time units. It follows from (18) with Ωm = 1 and (20) that
is the one-way speed of light; the speed light travels toward the observer at the origin of a spherically symmetric universe, determined from the proper distances which the photons travel but with respect to local Earth-based atomic clocks. Note that (17) does not depend on spherical matter symmetry, but it only applies to an empty universe.
Into (21) we can substitute tc /τ → v/c, where v is the expansion speed. Now I make the assumption that the Hubble law (v ≈ r/τ) also applied at the Creation. Therefore it follows that
By integrating (22) we can calculate the distance light travelled in atomic time t:
With c = 1 light-year/year and the chosen value of τ = 13.6 billion years11 the distance scale cτ = 13.6 billion light-years. Now the light travel time has been calculated from (23) using η = 1012 and 1013 , and is shown in figure 2. For large γ in (23) the light travel time t approaches a maximum value of 2τ/η. The result is an exponentially rising function that means light fills the universe to vast distances within 1 day (by Earth-based clocks) assuming the value of η = 1013. Depending on the exact magnitude of the undetermined parameter the light travel time may be days or, at most, years as measured by Earth based clocks.
Estimates for the size and extent of the acceleration term dv/dt may vary. At the present epoch in our local vicinity it is identically zero because the environment of the solar system is designed for life. In the past it was enormously larger as evidenced by the cosmos. Reducing the value of η in (23) will increase the length of time for light to traverse space in our time units, but this theory solves what has seemed to be a difficult problem.
Within the framework of Carmelian cosmology, for the 5D theory to be consistent on all scales (i.e. consistent with both SR on the local scale and CGR on the largest scales), the acceleration of the fabric of the expanding universe must be extremely large at high redshift and zero in the solar system. This then leads to the conclusion that at the Creation massive time dilation occurred with respect to the observer at the centre of a spherically symmetric, expanding universe. It also means that what we would calculate the one-way speed of light (not the actual speed of light that determines the physics in any local environment) is extremely large at high redshift—a direct result of massive time dilation and not any change in the speed of light. Therefore, light from the most distant galaxies could traverse the distances in a matter of a few days as measured by Earth-based atomic clocks, depending on the details of the magnitude of the past acceleration.
And there are no anomalous results on the aberration of starlight or any other well-proven relativistic effects because the speed of light measured locally with atomic clocks is always the constant c. Light arriving at Earth is stretched by expansion (hence redshifts observed) but because Earth based clocks at the present epoch run nearly at the same rate as cosmic clocks no other effects are observed.
The time dilation effect occurred on Earth during the Creation Week and was switched off simultaneously with the cessation of the acceleration of the expansion. This means the universe may no longer be expanding; we only see residual effects because of the finite travel time of light. An observer on Earth during the epoch of expansion would have seen large blueshifts. Currently, only redshifts are observed on the large scale in the universe. Everywhere within six thousand light years of Earth the expansion can be observed to have ceased, and this sphere of observation expands as the light continues to arrive from farther and farther away. Therefore events farther out are coming from Creation Week.
Observations are consistent our galaxy being situated at the centre of a 5D spherically symmetric universe of finite extent that has expanded many-fold. In terms of cosmological clocks it is as if the universe appears like a still photograph. This is the result of the vast distances and slow intrinsic motions on the cosmological scale. Nevertheless, the validity of the new theory applying to both the current and past epochs leads to the inescapable conclusion that the time it has taken light to travel from the most distant sources to Earth is billions of years of cosmic time, yet a matter of only days or years in local atomic time units.
- Williams, A.R. and Hartnett, J.G., Dismantling the Big Bang: God's Universe Rediscovered, Master Books, Green Forest, AR, 2005. Return to text.
- Lerner, E.J. et al., An open letter to the scientific community, New Scientist 182(2448):20, 2004. Return to text.
- Ratcliffe, H., The first crisis in cosmology conference, Progress in Physics 3:19–24, 2005. Return to text.
- Behar, S. and Carmeli, M., Cosmological relativity: a new theory of cosmology, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 39(5):1375–1396, 2000. Return to text.
- Carmeli, M., Cosmological special relativity: a special relativity for cosmology, Found. Phys 25:1029, 1995. Return to text.
- Carmeli, M., Cosmological special relativity, Found. Phys 26:413, 1996. Return to text.
- Carmeli, M., Cosmological Special Relativity: The Large-Scale Structure of Space, Time and Velocity, Second Edition, Singapore, World Scientific, 2002. Return to text.
- Carmeli, M., Accelerating Universe: Theory versus Experiment, [arXiv: astro-ph/0205396], 2002. Return to text.
- Carmeli, M., Hartnett, J.G. and Oliveira, F.J., The cosmic time in terms of the redshift, [arXiv:gr-qc/0506079], Found. Phys. Letters 19(3):277–283, 2006. Return to text.
- Hartnett, J.G., The distance modulus determined from Carmeli's cosmology fits the accelerating universe data of the high-redshift type Ia supernovae without dark matter, [arXiv:astro-ph/0501526], Found. Phys. 36(6): 839–861, 2006. Return to text.
- Oliveira, F.J. and Hartnett, J.G., Carmeli's cosmology fits data for an accelerating and decelerating universe without dark matter nor dark energy, [arXiv: astro-ph/0603500], Found. Phys. Lett. 19(3):277–283, 2006. Return to text.
- Hartnett, J.G., Spiral galaxy rotation curves determined from Carmelian general relativity, [arxiv:astro-ph/0511756], Int. J. Theor. Phys. 45(11):2118–2136, 2006. Return to text.
- See Carmeli, refs. 5 and 6; Carmeli, ref. 7, p. 15, Section 2.11. Return to text.
- These sources are subject to the Hubble law τ dv = dr. Return to text.
- The period of rapid expansion of the universe may have involved Days 1 through 4, but the principle is the same. Return to text.
- Hartnett, J.G., The heavens declare a different story! J. Creation 17(2):94–97, 2003. Return to text.
- Gemelli, G., Particle production in 5-Dimensional cosmological relativity, Int. J. Theor. Phys. DOI: 10.1007/s10773-006-9187-z, 2006; Gemelli, G., Hydrodynamics in 5-dimensional cosmological special relativity, [arxiv:gr-qc/0610010], Int. J. Theor. Phys. (in press) 2006. Return to text.
- Arp, H., Seeing red, redshifts, cosmology and academic science, Apeiron, Montreal, 2003; Arp, H. Quasars, redshifts and controversies, Interstellar Media, Cambridge University Press, Berkeley, CA, 1987 Return to text.
- Psalm 19:1. Return to text.
- Hartnett, J.G., A new cosmology: solution to the starlight travel time problem, J. Creation 17(2):98–102, 2003. Return to text.
- Hartnett, J.G., Distant starlight and Genesis: is 'observed time' a physical reality? J. Creation 16(3): 65–67, 2002. Return to text.
- Newton, R., Distant starlight and Genesis: conventions of time measurement, J. Creation 15(1):80–85, 2001. Return to text.
- Hartnett, J.G., Cosmological expansion in a creationist cosmology, J. Creation 19(3):96–102, 2005. Return to text


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"We believe this could be our all time best selling celebrity tape," is what Steve Hirsch, founder and co-chairman porn company Vivid, said of Kendra Wilkinson's sex tape.
Despite Kendra's reported attempts to try to stop the release of her sex tape, Vivid Entertainment revealed to RadarOnline yesterday that it plans to release the tape by the end this month. Kendra is said to have hired one of Los Angeles' best law firms, Lavely & Singer, to try to block the tape, which she made with an ex before marrying NFL player Hank Baskett last year.
But is it all for show? A new shocking report by RadarOnline today reveals the Playboy Playmate was secretly planning to shop around her sex tape just over a year ago. Radar says it has obtained documents which shows Kendra planned to form a company, and have her team shop the tape around soliciting offers. Kendra also planned to control how the tape would be edited before it was sent to potential buyers.
And though Kendra claims to be "devastated" and "humiliated" by the possible release of the tape, RadarOnline reveals she was still planning to sell the tape even after her engagement to now husband Hank. While there's no word on the identity of the man on the tape, a report by TMZ reveals the tape was made back in 2005, meaning Kendra, now 24, was around the age of 19 or 20 when she made the tape.
Vivid said in a press release: "The tape was brought to us by a third party and after consulting with our attorneys, we are confident in our right to distribute it. We've been trying to reach Kendra but have so far been unsuccessful."
Radar also reports Kendra is allowing the sex tape scandal to be filmed for her reality show Kendra. Her E! reality show is currently not in production, but that will all change as cameras will soon began rolling to capture all of the sex tape drama.
Must say it's extremely sad that we live in a society in which people try to sell their own sex tapes. Is nothing sacred anymore? It seems shame no longer exists. I gave Kendra the benefit of doubt yesterday, but the minute I read Vivid was planning to release the tape, I knew she had to be in on it, cause surprisingly enough, companies like Vivid do not release these tapes unless they have some sort of deal or authorization from the parties involved.


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Ivermectin kills head lice with one application. Be careful not to get ivermectin into your eyes.
Privermectin Overview
Ivermectin lotion is a no-comb,10-minute prescription treatment used to treat head lice infestations in adults and children 6 months of age and older.
Ivermectin is also available in tablet form. It is a prescription medication used to treat two types of roundworm parasites. It is usually taken as a single dose on an empty stomach with water.
Ivermectin is also available in a topical cream that is used to treat rosacea.
Ivermectin belongs to a group of drugs called antihelmintics. It works by killing the target parasite.
Common side effects of ivermectin lotion include eye redness and irritation, dandruff, and dry skin.
Common side effects of ivermectin tablets include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
How was your experience with Privermectin?
Privermectin Cautionary Labels
Uses of Privermectin
Ivermectin lotion is a prescription medication used to treat head lice infestations in adults and children 6 months of age and older.
The ivermectin tablet is a prescription medication used to treat strongyloidiasis (threadworm; infection with a type of roundworm that enters the body through the skin, moves through the airways and lives in the intestines) and to control onchocerciasis (river blindness; infection with a type of roundworm that may cause rash, bumps under the skin, and vision problems including vision loss or blindness).
Ivermectin cream is used for the treatment of inflammatory lesions, or bumps and pimples, of rosacea.
This medication may be prescribed for other uses. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
For more information on this medication choose from the list of selections below.
Privermectin Drug Class
Privermectin is part of the drug class:
Side Effects of Privermectin
The most common side effects of ivermectin tablets include:
- dizziness
- loss of appetite
- nausea
- vomiting
- stomach pain or bloating
- diarrhea
- constipation
- weakness
- sleepiness
- uncontrollable shaking of a part of the body
- chest discomfort
The most common side effects of ivermectin lotion include:
- eye redness or soreness
- eye irritation
- dandruff
- dry skin
- burning sensation of the skin
Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.
These are not all the possible side effects of ivermection. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Privermectin Interactions
Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Especially tell your doctor if you take:
- medications for anxiety
- mental illness or seizures
- muscle relaxants
- sedatives
- sleeping pills
- tranquilizers
This is not a complete list of all drug interactions. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Ivermectin lotion is unlikely to affect the actions of other medications you are taking, and other medications are unlikely to affect ivermectin lotion.
No drug interactions have been identified by the manufacturer. However, you should tell your doctor about all the medicines you take including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Not all drug interactions are known or reported and new drug interactions are continually being reported.
Privermectin Precautions
Serious side effects have been reported with this medication, and certain precautions should be followed:
- fever
- blistering or peeling skin
- rash
- hives
- itching
If treating specifically for the parasite loa loa (endemic in West or Central Africa), you may also experience certain serious adverse effects that should be addressed immediately if they occur. These effects have been seen very rarely following the use of ivermectin.
- swelling of the eyes, face, arms, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs
- joint pain and swelling
- painful and swollen glands of the neck, armpit or groin
- rapid heartbeat
- eye pain, redness, or tearing
- swelling of the eye or eyelids
- abnormal sensation in the eyes
Do not use ivermectin tablets if you are allergic to any of its ingredients.
Ivermectin tablets can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting when you get up too quickly from a lying position. To avoid this problem, get out of bed slowly, resting your feet on the floor for a few minutes before standing up. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
Certain precautions should be followed when using ivermectin lotion:
- Ivermectin lotion is for use on scalp hair and scalp only. Do not get ivermectin lotion in your eyes, mouth, or vagina.
Privermectin Food Interactions
Medicines can interact with certain foods. In some cases, this may be harmful and your doctor may advise you to avoid certain foods. In the case of ivermectin lotion and tablets, there are no specific foods that you must exclude from your diet.
Inform MD
Before taking ivermectin,
- tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to ivermectin or any other medications.
- tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take.
- tell your doctor if you have or have ever had meningitis, human African trypanosomiasis (African sleeping sickness; an infection that is spread by the bite of the tsetse fly in certain African countries), or conditions that affect your immune system, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding. If you become pregnant during your treatment with ivermectin, call your doctor.
- ask your doctor about the safe use of alcoholic beverages while you are taking ivermectin.
- if you have had loiasis (Loa loa infection with a type of worm that causes skin and eye problems) or if you have ever lived in or traveled to areas of West or Central Africa where loiasis is common.
Before using ivermectin lotion, tell your healthcare provider if you or your child:
- have any skin conditions or sensitivities
- have any other medical conditions
- are pregnant or plan to become pregnant
- are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed
- are taking any prescription and/or nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products
Privermectin and Pregnancy
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.
The FDA categorizes medications based on safety for use during pregnancy. Five categories - A, B, C, D, and X, are used to classify the possible risks to an unborn baby when a medication is taken during pregnancy.
This medication falls into category C. In animal studies, pregnant animals were given this medication and had some babies born with problems. No well-controlled studies have been done in humans. Therefore, this medication may be used if the potential benefits to the mother outweigh the potential risks to the unborn child.
Privermectin and Lactation
Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed.
Ivermectin has been detected in human breast milk. Because of the possibility for adverse reactions in nursing infants from ivermectin, a choice should be made whether to stop nursing or to stop use of this medication. The importance of the drug to the mother should be considered.
Privermectin Usage
- Ivermectin comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken as a single dose on an empty stomach with water. If you are taking ivermectin to treat onchocerciasis, additional doses 3, 6, or 12 months later may be necessary to control your infection. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take ivermectin exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
- If you are taking ivermectin to treat strongyloidiasis, you will need to have a stool exam at least three times during the first 3 months after your treatment to see if your infection has cleared. If your infection has not cleared, your doctor will probably prescribe additional doses of ivermectin.
- Ivermectin tablets are usually taken as a single dose. Tell your doctor if you do not take your medication.
- Use ivermection lotion exactly as prescribed. Your healthcare provider will prescribe the treatment that is right for you. Do not change your treatment unless you talk to your healthcare provider.
- Use ivermection lotion when your hair is dry.
- It is important to use enough ivermection lotion to completely coat all of your hair and scalp. Leave lotion on your hair and scalp for a full 10 minutes.
- You need to completely cover all the scalp and hair with lotion.
- Children will need an adult to apply ivermection lotion for them.
- Do not swallow ivermection lotion. If swallowed, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest emergency room right away.
- Do not get ivermection lotion into your eyes. If ivermection lotion gets in your eye, gently flush with water.
- Wash your hands after applying ivermection lotion.
When you complete your dose of ivermection lotion, do not use ivermection lotion again without talking to your healthcare provider first.
Before you use ivermection lotion, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have questions about the right way to use ivermection lotion.
- Your hair and scalp must be dry before applying ivermection lotion.
- Use the top of cap to break the tamper seal on the tube.
- Apply ivermection lotion directly to dry hair and scalp.
- Completely cover your scalp and hair closest to the scalp first, and then apply outwards towards the ends of your hair.
- Rub ivermection lotion throughout hair.
- It is important to completely cover your entire head so that all lice and eggs are exposed to the lotion. Be sure that each hair is coated from the scalp to the tip.
- Use up to 1 entire tube (4 oz) to completely cover hair and scalp.
- Allow ivermection lotion to stay on your hair and scalp for 10 minutes after it has been applied. Use a timer or clock. Start timing after you have completely covered your hair and scalp with ivermection lotion.
- After 10 minutes, completely rinse ivermection lotion from your hair and scalp using only water.
- You or anyone who helps you apply ivermection lotion should wash their hands after application.
- Do not use ivermection lotion again without talking to your healthcare provider first.
To help prevent the spread of lice from one person to another, here are some steps you can take:
- Avoid direct head-to-head contact with anyone known to have live, crawling lice.
- Do not share combs, brushes, hats, scarves, bandannas, ribbons, barrettes, hair bands, towels, helmets, or other hair-related personal items with anyone else, whether they have lice or not.
- Avoid sleepovers and slumber parties during lice outbreaks. Lice can live in bedding, pillows, and carpets that have recently been used by someone with lice.
- After finishing treatment with lice medicine, check everyone in your family for lice after one week. Be sure to talk to your healthcare provider about treatments for those who have lice.
- Machine wash any bedding and clothing used by anyone having lice. Machine wash at high temperatures (150°F) and tumble in a hot dryer for 20 minutes.
Privermectin Dosage
Take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully.
The dose your doctor recommends may be based on the following:
- the condition being treated
- other medical conditions you have
- other medications you are taking
- how you respond to this medication
- your weight
- your height
- your age
- your gender
For the treatment of strongyloidiasis (threadworm):
Body Weight (in kg) | Number of 3-mg Stromectol (ivermectin) Tablets |
15-24 | 1 tablet |
25-35 | 2 tablets |
36-50 | 3 tablets |
51-65 | 4 tablets |
66-79 | 5 tablets |
≥ 80 | 200 micrograms/kilogram |
For the treatment of onchocerciasis (river blindness):
Body weight (in kg) | Number of 3-mg Stromectol (ivermectin) Tablets |
15-25 | 1 tablet |
26-44 | 2 tablets |
45-64 | 3 tablets |
65-84 | 4 tablets |
≥ 85 | 150 mcg/kg |
- Apply ivermectin lotion to dry hair in an amount sufficient (up to 1 tube) to thoroughly coat the hair and scalp.
Privermectin Overdose
If you take too much this medication, call your healthcare provider or local Poison Control Center, or seek emergency medical attention right away.
If you apply too much ivermectin lotion to your scalp, you are not likely to experience severe side effects. However, if this medication in taken by mouth, call your local Poison Control Center or seek emergency medical attention right away.
Other Requirements
- Store tablets at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom).
- Keep ivermectin tablets and all medicines out of reach of children.
- Store ivermectin lotion at room temperature between 68° to 77°F (20° to 25°C).
- Do not freeze ivermectin lotion.
- Safely throw away any unused ivermectin lotion.
- Keep ivermectin lotion and all medicines out of reach of children.


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(Tech Crunch) Colin Kroll was the co-founder of Vine and HQ Trivia, both consumer sensations that brought joy to millions; Anthony Bourdain had been a chef, journalist and philosopher who brought understanding and connectedness to millions of lives; Robin Williams built a career as a brilliant comedian and actor.
What these three share in common is that they were all people at the pinnacle of their industry and they all died too soon. Their premature loss is a tragedy.
The most brilliant and creative amongst us are sometimes the most troubled, and nowhere is that clearer than in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. With each passing unnecessary death, the importance of mental health comes briefly into focus… but that focus lasts no longer than a news cycle and nothing changes. The time for lip service came and went long ago. We must take these issues seriously and we need to act.
The mental health epidemic is real. There are 18.5 percent of Americans that will suffer from mental illness this year; 4 percent of them will suffer so acutely that it will substantially limit their ability to live their lives.
That means it is extremely likely you or someone you know is suffering right now and could use support. Moreover, unlike many of the challenges we face today, the most common expressions of mental health disorder (anxiety, depression, substance abuse and imposter syndrome) are largely addressable through individual action. Not only should we all take action, we all can take action.
While national mental health statistics are troubling, they are downright terrifying for entrepreneurs. According to a study by Michael Freeman, entrepreneurs are 50 percent more likely to report having a mental health condition, with some specific conditions being incredibly prevalent amongst founders.
Founders are:
- 2X more likely to suffer from depression
- 6X more likely to suffer from ADHD
- 3X more likely to suffer from substance abuse
- 10X more likely to suffer from bi-polar disorder
- 2X more likely to have psychiatric hospitalization
- 2X more likely to have suicidal thoughts
Addressing the ongoing mental health catastrophe in entrepreneurship is a moral imperative, and for wise investors, it should be a function of doing business.
Venture capitalists make their living off the blood, sweat and tears of founders. It is through their passion and efforts that we succeed or fail. We can either choose to see founders purely as a means to an end (generating returns) or we can see them as the whole people they are.
When I make an effort to get to know our founders beyond the most superficial level, then I cannot help but be moved by their personal struggles. Seeing founders in our portfolio succeed on a personal level is just as rewarding for me as sharing in their professional success. Luckily, I believe the two are intrinsically linked, which means we don't have to choose.
As Michael Freeman writes:
Mental health is as essential for knowledge work in the 21st century as physical health was for physical labor in the past. Creativity, ingenuity, insight, brilliance, planning, analysis, and other executive functions are often the cognitive cornerstones of breakthrough value creation by entrepreneurs.
Depression, anxiety and mood disorders all actively work to undermine founder performance. They often contribute to burnout, co-founder conflict, toxic company culture, increased employee turnover, an inability to hire top talent, an inability to "show up" for important meetings and pitches and poor decision making in general. According to Noam Wasserman at HBS, 65 percent of failed startups fail for avoidable reasons like co-founder conflict. All of these experiences are exacerbated when founders are in a time of high mental and emotional strain.
Let's assume that in a portfolio of 20 companies, 15 of them fail or underperform and that Noam Wasserman's 65 percent statistic holds true. That would mean that 10 of the 15 companies (65 percent) failed for avoidable "human-centric" reasons. If a firm were able to help even half of those companies avoid failure caused by burnout and mental strain, that would mean an additional five companies would be successful, doubling the number of successful outcomes in the portfolio.
Even if you're a huge pessimist, to help change the trajectory for one out of 10 companies changes the portfolio from five winners to six. In other words, supporting founders before their "people problems" become business problems yields a 20 percent improvement in performance. Even if one were indifferent to the personal lives of the portfolio founders, they should care about founder health if they care about portfolio returns.
It's great that investors profess to care about founders' mental health, but words are not enough. We must act to reduce founders' mental and emotional suffering. It's the right thing to do and it's good for business.
Why do entrepreneurs suffer so much more acutely?
Mental health problems permeate every industry, not just the tech industry, but the statistics above would seem to indicate that we have a particular problem. What causes entrepreneurs to suffer at substantially higher than average rates? It's a hard question to answer, and soon research from progressive labs like that of the Founder Central Initiative will help us to identify these drivers. For now, based on our own observations of founders, we believe there are several explanations that may contribute.
Self-selection: Most founders are smart, driven and skilled people whose résumé could almost certainly land them a job with a higher lifetime expected value (the median salary at Facebook is now $240,000), but they still choose the grueling, uncertain and more creative founder journey. Founders are almost certainly pre-disposed toward certain conditions (like ADHD) for example. In his book The Da Vinci Method, Garret LoPorto cites Fortune Magazine as claiming that people with ADHD are 300 percent more likely to start their own company than others.
Poisonous industry tropes: The narratives our industry tells are less real than pictures that grace the front of fashion magazines and are just as destructive. Photoshopped pictures of "perfect people" create an unattainable standard of beauty; the constant stream of stories about "overnight success" and "crushing it" create an unattainable standard for founders.
Startups are hard: The magic of a great team is in building a group with complementary skills. Just-starting-out founders don't have a complete team and are required to do things they are not well-suited to do. Working on projects that do not fit within a leader's innate skills tends to be emotionally draining. It's not uncommon in an early startup for introverts in the company to have to pitch and make sales calls while extroverts are forced to sit at a desk and grind away in a CRM.
Startups are alienating: The all-encompassing nature of a startup often causes founders to spend less time with family, friends and significant others, and many are required to re-locate away from these support networks for funding or strategic reasons. As stress at a company builds, founders are more inclined to double down at work (a natural response to an emergency). This tendency only further burdens the founder by muting their supportive relationships and reduces their ability to cope with company pressures.
A founder must be a rock: There's a lot of pressure put on founders to stay steady in times of company turmoil. As a result, they are often alone when they need others the most. Founders report that they feel they cannot talk with their co-founders, especially when the problem is with the co-founder, they cannot pass the burden of their worry on to their employees and they feel their friends and family do not understand or are tired of hearing about the company.
The "I am my company" syndrome: Founders blur the line between themselves and their companies in such a way that company failures often are felt as personal failures. Losing a customer contract or receiving a "no" from an investor can feel like a deeply personal rejection.
Founders eat last: I have yet to meet a founder who has a budgeted line item for self-care or who takes guilt-free vacations. In almost every other skilled industry there is recognition that people have a right to take care of themselves and that a little bit of self-care actually leads to a more productive workforce. Investors, founders and poorly trained middle managers all perpetuate a myth in the startup ecosystem that the only way to be successful is to grind yourself inexorably to the bone.
Financial risk: In addition to opportunity cost, founders often go without a paycheck and pour a significant portion of their personal capital into their businesses. This creates enormous financial stress and anxiety that sets up a scenario in which a business failure also creates personal financial ruin. A certain amount of "skin in the game" can be positive, but founders are often already all-in emotionally with their businesses. A founder with too much skin in the game may live under a Sword of Damocles and be unable to focus on the key tasks, ironically bringing about their own worst fears.
Imposter Syndrome: Founders often suffer from the sense that they don't belong where they are and that eventually they will be exposed as frauds. This leads founders to chalk up success to luck, but to take all the blame for any failures. Indeed, 58 percent of tech workers suffer from Imposter Syndrome, and I suspect the number is substantially higher among founders.
Moving the goalposts: Founders find it difficult to celebrate the small wins, as each victory brings on the next, greater challenge. The second most stressful time for founders is right before they are able to secure a major fundraise; the most stressful time is right afterward.
Substance abuse: Our industry is awash in alcohol and other substances that founders and tech workers are encouraged to consumer freely for bonding, as a social crutch and for performance optimization. These substances are both a cause and a symptom of broader problems in the ecosystem.
I wager that simply reading the above list left you stressed out and self-identifying with a number of the factors that cause founders stress. Luckily there are some things we can all do to combat mental health strain.
Each of us who participates in the startup ecosystem contributes to the problem of poor founder health. This puts each of us in a position to positively impact this experience by acting. Here are a few things we can do.
Investors should make sure that the founders they work with know that they take mental health issues seriously. One way to do this is to take the Investors Pledge developed by Erin Frey and Ti Zhao at Kip. Just taking the pledge sends a powerful signal to founders that it's OK for them to seek help. Better yet, investors, in their onboarding process with founders, should explicitly touch on their support for the founders' seeking mental health services when they feel compelled to do so.
Drop the act. Being an investor is different from being a founder, but it isn't easy, and investors suffer in many of the same ways. If investors want to support their founders, they need to be authentic and vulnerable in front of them. Investors need to show founders it's OK to open up and that it's OK to have doubts or to struggle with mental health.
For founders, don't spread or buy into the myths. When you've been grinding away on your business for years in anonymity and then have a major breakthrough, make sure your PR campaign accurately reflects the journey. You suffered to bring your company to the pinnacle of success and you had to invest heavily in yourself to survive the trip. Make sure when other founders read about your success they understand how you really got there.
Provide Resources
It's easy for people to forget how financially constrained most founders are. Just because they've raised $5 million in a recent financing doesn't mean they necessarily have the personal capital to seek help and support. A portion of financing rounds should be earmarked for the founders themselves and investors should hold founders accountable for investing in their well-being and development.
Founders need to include a line item in their P&L for wellness or self-care. Budgets are moral documents and they set the priorities of a company. If there is no line item for supporting the mental/physical/emotional well-being of the founders and employees, then the company will be devoid of the resources to offer this type of support. We, the participants in this ecosystem, need to put our money where our mouths are when we say that we are "founder-friendly" and "invest in founders first."
Don't forget the mind-body connection
Mental, emotional and physical well-being are all deeply linked to one another. Just as mental health issues often lead to substance abuse, a lack of physical exercise or nutrition can also lead to depressive mood states and a lack of focus. The founder 15 is as real as the freshman 15, but it's much more destructive.
Founders need to make sure to incorporate their physical activity of choice into their life, need to watch their nutritional intake and should consider activities such as yoga, meditation and intentional breathing that research shows help boost mood, sharpen focus and enhance emotional resilience.
Connect, connect, connect
Founders need to remain anchored in a support network. They should join a peer group, engage with old friends, go out on date nights with their significant other and make new friends. Not only is it a fun way to unload some of the pressure they're under, but it's a great reminder to founders that they have a separate existence from their company.
Founders should take an intentional vacation away from work, tech and business. If, like me, a founder can't voluntarily disconnect even while on vacation, they should consider joining a community like Soulscape or traveling off the grid so they are forced to disconnect and recharge. Burnout rarely appears as the primary track in startup post-mortem, but a trained ear can usually find its influence.
Set a culture that is supportive of self-care. If everyone from the receptionist to the CEO is willing to seek help and take care of themselves, it creates a company-wide habit that enables everyone to thrive. A healthy culture will pay for itself a thousand times over in recruitment, lower turnover and happier, more productive people who are willing to sacrifice for the company when sacrifice is called for.
Set priorities not tasks
Founders and A-type personalities tend to live and die by their calendar and their task lists. Unfortunately, task lists are just reminders that there are countless things to be done. For most of us our task lists are quite literally infinite. This is a recipe for unbearable mental strain and unmanageable cognitive load.
The definition of anxiety is when we perceive that our ability to achieve is overwhelmed by the tasks at hand, which is inevitable when our tasks are ill-defined, too large or seemingly unending. Instead of a task list, switch to a daily priorities list where only the urgent AND important items are listed. Completing these items may be more difficult, but getting them off your plate is infinitely more satisfying.
Be vigilant
Learn the warning signs of depression and burnout. People who are drowning don't wave their hands in the air and shout for help, they slip silently beneath the waves and only trained lifeguards tend to spot people in trouble. It's the same way with depression. Depressed people don't mope around and they aren't necessarily sad so much as numb. Here are things to look for:
- Persistent feelings of pessimism
- Sad, anxious or empty mood
- Change in behavior and loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities
- Change in diet or eating schedule
- Change in sleep schedule
- Irritability
- Inability to make decisions or concentrate
- You can also use this validated self-assessment for depression
Building companies is inherently hard mentally, physically and emotionally, but our ecosystem is a toxic one, with dozens of factors all contributing to make it even more so. We are quite literally killing ourselves and thereby sabotaging our long-term competitiveness.
There are tangible actions each one of us can take to start fixing this toxicity, but at the end of the day I believe most of those actions boil down to treating each other and ourselves as human beings.
If we recognize and embrace our weaknesses and support one another in our imperfections, we will start seeing a healthier more sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem.


text: Shared Values among Faiths In by January 29, 2019 More Print2019-02-01Country: United States City: San Jose, CaliforniaEmail[email protected]A Buddhist, a Christian, a Hindu, a Jew, and a Muslim will come together in a panel to discuss the central ethical and spiritual values of their faiths, showing that all their religions share common values. After an introductory discussion among the panelists, the floor will be open for questions and discussion from the audience, students at a middle school in San Jose, California. This program is a presentation of the the Interfaith Speakers Bureau of Islamic Networks Group (ING), which has as its mission pursuing peace and countering all forms of bigotry through education and interfaith engagement.


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Merlin's weekly podcast with Dan Benjamin. We talk about creativity, independence, and making things you love.
Merlin's weekly podcast with Dan Benjamin. We talk about creativity, independence, and making things you love.
"What's 43 Folders?"
43Folders.com is Merlin Mann's website about finding the time and attention to do your best creative work.
6 powerful "look into" verbs (+ 1 to avoid)
Merlin Mann | Oct 15 2006
In one of the recent podcast interviews I did with David Allen, we talked about procrastination and how he tries to get people -- especially knowledge workers -- back to just "cranking widgets." I love this term, because, in his humorous way, David captures how any thing we want to accomplish in this world eventually has to manifest itself in an intentional physical activity. Seemingly over-huge super-projects like "World Peace," "Cancer Cure," or "Find Mutually Satisfying Vehicle for Jim Belushi" all still come down to physical actions, such as picking up a phone or typing an email. And David is wise, in that interview, also to highlight the importance of what he refers to as a "'look-into' project," which just means that even deciding if a project is interesting and useful to undertake can be a project in itself. It also means that, even with an outcome of "deciding," that meta-project still consists solely of physical actions. In this case, it's the physical actions that help you locate the additional information you'll need to make a timely and wise decision about whether to proceed at all. In sum, no matter what, it all still should come back to widgets and how they get cranked. Like a lot of you, I've struggled with how you turn "thinky work" into physical action widgets, but here are a few of my favorite task-verbs to get you started in the right direction. They're presented here in a rough approximation of the order in which I use them in my own "look-into" projects:
You'll notice I left off the verb you were really casting about for here, which is almost certainly "**decide**." This is not an oversight. This one I can't help you with, because -- unless you own and utilize a jokey "Executive Decision Maker" purchased from the Sky Mall catalog -- deciding is most definitely not a physical action. Deciding, as I hope you learned today, is actually a kind of project outcome. Trying to pretend it's an action, as your author has painfully discovered, is like trying to see our notional dog's yard pyramid as an "@dogbowl" action; that's simply not how it works and it completely confuses the process and order of thinking vs. deciding vs. doing. Decisions can only be delivered after you've nourished them with timely and thought-provoking information. Once the fetal decision has consumed these sufficient data, a bouncy baby outcome cannot help but be born. You just need to be there to slap it on the ass and give it a good name. Just please don't call it a verb. POSTED IN:
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About MerlinBio Merlin Mann is an independent writer, speaker, and broadcaster. He's best known for being the guy who created the website you're reading right now. He lives in San Francisco, does lots of public speaking, and helps make cool things like You Look Nice Today, Back to Work, and Kung Fu Grippe. Also? He's writing this book, he lives with this face, he suffers from this hair, he answers these questions, and he's had this life. So far. Merlin's favorite thing he's written in the past few years is an essay entitled, "Cranking." |
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As an autistic person, I have multiple facets to my identity – just like everyone does. One of those facets is that I am also a parent. My son is autistic, and I know what it is like to sit with professionals and be told how limited your child is. I know what it is like to receive a diagnostic report that includes horribly negative words about deficits, and I know what it is like to have to explain that to other people in your child's life including teachers and family members.
So, based on that, I would like to offer some advice to parents who have gone through this process that I wish someone had given me when I was there.
Take the diagnostic report, full of the language of the pathology paradigm, and reword it to reflect the neurodiversity paradigm.
The best way that I can explain this is to give you an example:
From a report:
X appears to have impairments in communication and social interactions. In addition, he was reported to have several restricted and repetitive behaviors. Specifically, he was noted to have difficulties engaging in a social conversation, high pitched vocal tone, impairments in use of eye contact, difficulties socializing and interacting with other children, and limited emotional reciprocity. He also collects rocks, has an inflexible adherence to routines, displays heightened sensitivities to light and loud noises, and finds it hard to cope with changes to his daily routine.
No, that doesn't say anything positive at all!
So, how can I reword this to say something positive?
X has differences in his communication style and social interactions. He prefers to engage in behaviors that are comfortable for him. Specifically, these include conversations that remain on topic and relevant to him. He prefers not to make eye contact because it is uncomfortable for him, and he prefers interacting with children who are older or younger than him, rather than only interacting with his age mates who can be less predictable. He loves collecting rocks because he is interested in the different shapes and substances that rocks are composed of. X prefers predictability in his daily routine, and enjoys being in sensory friendly environments.
Why should you do this? Why go to the effort of rewriting a professional report? Because you are going to have to introduce your child to teachers and therapists and you're going to have to do that more than once. When you do, you want to do that from a place of strength rather than a place of weakness. You want to highlight your child's unique potential rather than place limitations on them, and you don't want to have to confront all those negative words every time you do this. This way, you have the words you need to ensure that your child receives the support that he/she needs without trading in his/her dignity.
As an autistic person, I wish that my parents had accepted me for being me, rather than trying so hard to make me into their version of me. Their efforts to make me into their version of me were unsuccessful but it did result in me feeling as though there were things wrong with me. For my son, I want him to be able to be him, without having other people give him the message that there is something wrong with him. This way of introducing him to people who will work with him sets the tone from the beginning that you value I value my son for exactly who he is and I will not allow them to try to change him.


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Fast Fact: George Washington's integrity set a pattern for all other Presidents to follow.
Biography: On April 30, 1789, George Washington, standing on the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, took his oath of office as the first President of the United States. "As the first of every thing, in our situation will serve to establish a Precedent," he wrote James Madison, "it is devoutly wished on my part, that these precedents may be fixed on true principles."
Born in 1732 into a Virginia planter family, he learned the morals, manners, and body of knowledge requisite for an 18th century Virginia gentleman.
He pursued two intertwined interests: military arts and western expansion. At 16 he helped survey Shenandoah lands for Thomas, Lord Fairfax. Commissioned a lieutenant colonel in 1754, he fought the first skirmishes of what grew into the French and Indian War. The next year, as an aide to Gen. Edward Braddock, he escaped injury although four bullets ripped his coat and two horses were shot from under him.
From 1759 to the outbreak of the American Revolution, Washington managed his lands around Mount Vernon and served in the Virginia House of Burgesses. Married to a widow, Martha Dandridge Custis, he devoted himself to a busy and happy life. But like his fellow planters, Washington felt himself exploited by British merchants and hampered by British regulations. As the quarrel with the mother country grew acute, he moderately but firmly voiced his resistance to the restrictions.
When the Second Continental Congress assembled in Philadelphia in May 1775, Washington, one of the Virginia delegates, was elected Commander in Chief of the Continental Army. On July 3, 1775, at Cambridge, Massachusetts, he took command of his ill-trained troops and embarked upon a war that was to last six grueling years.
He realized early that the best strategy was to harass the British. He reported to Congress, "we should on all Occasions avoid a general Action, or put anything to the Risque, unless compelled by a necessity, into which we ought never to be drawn." Ensuing battles saw him fall back slowly, then strike unexpectedly. Finally in 1781 with the aid of French allies--he forced the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown.
Washington longed to retire to his fields at Mount Vernon. But he soon realized that the Nation under its Articles of Confederation was not functioning well, so he became a prime mover in the steps leading to the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia in 1787. When the new Constitution was ratified, the Electoral College unanimously elected Washington President.
He did not infringe upon the policy making powers that he felt the Constitution gave Congress. But the determination of foreign policy became preponderantly a Presidential concern. When the French Revolution led to a major war between France and England, Washington refused to accept entirely the recommendations of either his Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, who was pro-French, or his Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, who was pro-British. Rather, he insisted upon a neutral course until the United States could grow stronger.
To his disappointment, two parties were developing by the end of his first term. Wearied of politics, feeling old, he retired at the end of his second. In his Farewell Address, he urged his countrymen to forswear excessive party spirit and geographical distinctions. In foreign affairs, he warned against long-term alliances.
Washington enjoyed less than three years of retirement at Mount Vernon, for he died of a throat infection December 14, 1799. For months the Nation mourned him.
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Buckwheat & Millet Duo Bed Pillow
Bucky's Duo Bed Pillow is a favorite for comfort-enthusiasts. Filled with premium buckwheat hulls on one side and millet hulls on the other, get the best of both worlds with this ingenious design. The internal dual chamber makes it easy to add or remove stuffing from either side to adjust to your desired fullness. The luxurious blend of millet and buckwheat distributes weight evenly across the pillow for excellent pressure-relieving support, even as you change positions in the night. The Duo Bed Pillow's moldable nature and customizable fullness helps all types of sleepers achieve a healthier spinal alignment and deeper, fuller breathing.
Buckwheat filling is so comfortable because the triangular hulls grip together to provide continuous support that facilitates air flow, keeping the pillow cool and dry through the night. Millet hulls provide a silky, yet dense support that is soft and warming. Even better, Bucky's millet and buckwheat is hypoallergenic, eco-friendly, and grown without the use of pesticides and fertilizers. Each Duo Bed Pillow comes with a zippered 100% cotton cover that is removable and machine washable.
At Bucky we know that a good night's sleep is vital for your mental and physical health—it is our mission to provide our customers with the most comfortable, well-made, and supportive pillows possible. Pillow measures 20 x 15".
Made in the USA.
Pillowcase not included.
Product Q & A
If I suffer from Sleep Apnea can I use this pillow?
Yes.This pillow is recommended to relieve bad posture during sleep, a frequent cause of sleep apnea and snoring. Buckwheat pillows are recommended by chiropractors to correct head, neck, and spinal alignment.
Can this pillow comfortably accommodate a CPAP or a Bi-PAP mask?
Yes. Because of the moldable/pliable nature of the buckwheat hull filling, sleepers that wear CPAP or Bi-PAP sleep masks are able to create a depression in the pillow to that the sleep mask can be comfortably accommodated for a full night of deep sleep.
Can I microwave my Duo Bed Pillow?
No. This item is not suitable for heating in the microwave. It has metal zippers which can cause fire when microwaved.
How do I clean my Duo Bed Pillow?
The Duo Bed Pillow is designed to be easy to care for and its cover and liner can be machine washed cold, tumble dried low. Do not wash filling! Hull filling may be placed in the freezer for freshening. Remove pillow from case prior to washing.
How do I adjust my Duo Bed Pillow?
Simply unzip the outer cover and inner liner to add or remove filling to your desired comfort level. You may purchase extra Buckwheat & Millet Hull filling in the Covers & Fillings category.
How much filling do I need to completely refill my pillow?
2 lbs. of Buckwheat hulls and 2 lbs of Millet Hulls