text:
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has a lot of ways to pick up on COVID-19 outbreaks, but those methods often take awhile to bear fruit.
Not so with the Provincetown, Mass., cluster that started around July Fourth weekend. "We triggered the investigation as people were getting symptomatic," says Demetre Daskalakis, a deputy incident manager for the CDC's COVID-19 Response. "Pretty amazing — it is warp speed."
How did they do that? It was thanks to a tip from a citizen scientist named Michael Donnelly. A data scientist in New York City's tech sector, he started publishing his own coronavirus data reports early in the pandemic and launched a website, COVIDoutlook.info, with Drexel University epidemiologist Michael LeVasseur.
Following leads from his personal network, Donnelly documented over 50 breakthrough cases coming out of Provincetown, practically in real time, and shared it with the CDC as the outbreak was still unfolding.
Without Donnelly's effort, the agency would have probably detected the outbreak at some point, Daskalakis says, but "it wouldn't have been as rapturous an initiation of an investigation and response as we had."
The speed of the investigation — and the exceptional participation from the mostly gay men involved in the outbreak — helped the CDC learn new information about the delta variant. And it was that new information, in part, that prompted the agency to change its guidance for how vaccinated people should keep themselves safe at this stage of the pandemic — including a return to masking indoors.
It's a testament to the power of citizens engaging with the scientific process, Daskalakis says. "I get goose bumps thinking about it," he says. "Community plus public health is magic."
''Our entire house can't stop coughing''
Donnelly didn't go to Provincetown with his husband for July Fourth, but his friends who were there told him all about it. As they do every year, thousands of gay men arrived for the holiday in this little artist community on the tip of Cape Cod to rent cottages, go to the beach and drag shows and restaurants, and crowd into nightclubs to dance.
As the festivities from the July Fourth week wrapped up, the updates and gossip streaming into Donnelly's phone quickly took a different cast from years' past.
On July 9, he texted some close friends, "[D]id you boys survive the Fourth in P-town?" The response: "Our entire house can't stop coughing."
More texts started coming in, including from fully vaccinated friends testing positive for the coronavirus. He started thinking to himself, he says, that given that vaccination rates were really high among the gay community and in Provincetown, "the odds don't really add up."
With the pandemic keeping friends apart for so long, there was extra excitement this year, says Zorik Pesochinsky, who traveled to Provincetown from New York City. "The lines were even longer — the bars were even busier and more full," he says.
He and everyone else he knew going were fully vaccinated, so he felt safe. "I was definitely going into it with a mindset of, this is all behind us, we're just going into a super-fun, amazing weekend."
It was a rainy week, which meant everyone was indoors more. "It would get so incredibly hot in these clubs that you would just be wet with sweat, so you'd have to step outside for a moment just to get a breath of fresh air," says Sean Holihan, who came from Washington, D.C.
Halfway through the week, when a few of Cameron Thomas' vacation housemates started coughing, he didn't think much of it. "You're saying hi to so many people, you're in situations where you don't sleep a lot, you're running around — you're going to catch something," he says.
But it wasn't a summer cold that was going around. By the end of that week, news of breakthrough COVID-19 cases started to roll in. And they kept coming.
A community willing to share COVID-19 statuses
As the texts from his friends rolled in, Donnelly's statistician side took over — he wanted to understand what was going on.
"That's what's always drawing me to numbers and math and forecasting and data science — it gives me some better idea of the things that I understand and the things that I can control and the things that I can't," he says.
He knew that breakthrough infections were expected, that no vaccine is 100% effective. But the numbers he was hearing about exceeded what he would have expected the breakthrough rate to be.
"What was really concerning about this was it sounded like entire houses were coming down with breakthrough infections," he says. "That full allotment of people that I know that I would expect over the course of this year to get a breakthrough infection were getting a breakthrough infection in a single week."
He spent the next few days reaching friends and acquaintances from all over the country and taking notes on their COVID-19 statuses and symptoms and vaccination histories and more.
"Michael's known as the COVID data guy," Pesochinsky says. "When he started asking about it, I was like, 'Oh, this makes a lot of sense that he's going to be pulling something together.' "
As soon as Holihan tested positive, he shared it publicly. "I posted on Instagram and Twitter that I had tested positive for COVID and the people who had cold symptoms, who had been in P-town, they should also get tested," he says. "And then I emailed or messaged every person that I could remember coming in contact with and just said, 'Hey, heads up, I have COVID.' " Donnelly saw his tweet and called him up, too.
The men Donnelly was calling were eager to help. After a few days, he had collected information on 51 cases, including COVID-19 and vaccination statuses, symptoms, home city, phone number, whether they were in a house with other breakthrough cases, and more.
It's no accident, Donnelly says, that his friends were so open. "The norms of the gay community say: Share your medical history, share your risks with other people so that they can be responsible and take care of themselves as well," he says. "That came with years of practice within the community, particularly around HIV and AIDS."
That willingness to share information about health and contacts is not a given. Contact tracing COVID-19 in the U.S. has had a lot of problems throughout the pandemic. With a fragmented public health system, tracing outbreaks across jurisdictions has been one challenge. Getting people to report their close contacts and where they were has been another. One CDC report found that two-thirds of people interviewed did not provide any contacts to a contact tracer.
After three days of gathering this information together, Donnelly decided it was time to call in the public health professionals.
CDC starts connecting the dots
As it happened, Donnelly knew the CDC's Daskalakis from the previous year when Daskalakis worked for New York City's health department and Donnelly was putting out his coronavirus forecasts.
Donnelly texted Daskalakis to let him know what he was finding on July 12. Daskalakis asked him to email the spreadsheet and responded the next day, connecting him to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and other CDC officials.
"It's quite certain that if we didn't have the heads-up from Michael — because of what he was seeing among his friends with his statistician hat on — we wouldn't have heard about it as rapidly," Daskalakis says.
Donnelly soon got a call from the Massachusetts state epidemiologist, Dr. Catherine Brown, "who wanted to know as much as I could tell her," he says. "She had already been aware of some breakthrough cases, but among Massachusetts residents." The spreadsheet gave her a head start in identifying cases connected to Provincetown in cities all over the country.
On calls with public health officials, Donnelly says he and LeVasseur tried to explain, not just their spreadsheet and analysis, but the context of what Provincetown is like during these annual gay pilgrimage weeks.
"Even for us — even for gay men who have been in the gay nightlife scene for years and years, it's not the easiest thing in the world to go to a meeting with 10 CDC epidemiology experts and explain the intricacies of Circuit Week versus Bear Week and just how many hundreds of people they can squeeze into those spaces with terrible music," Donnelly laughs. "I've been telling my friends, you haven't lived until you've talked about twinks with the CDC."
In a way, this was an auspicious community to be at the center of an outbreak investigation. The people affected didn't just cooperate when a friend called asking questions — they helped public health officials who called as well.
"I heard in one of those early meetings that the contact tracers had reported back and they said, 'These are the most cooperative people we've ever worked with — we have people giving us their entire itineraries and the names and phone numbers of everybody that were in their house,' " Donnelly says.
Gay men's relationship to public health has been "tempered by fire because of HIV," the CDC's Daskalakis says. "This is an awesome public health moment," he says. "It's a community that believes in science and public health stepping up to the plate."
Findings that changed CDC guidance
The result of the CDC's investigation with the Barnstable County and Massachusetts health departments was a report published on July 30. By the time it was released, news of this unusual outbreak was already out. CDC Director Rochelle Walensky had alluded to it earlier in the week as evidence to support changes in the agency's recommendations on what was safe for fully vaccinated people to do.
The findings of the investigation were striking. Out of 469 positive cases identified, nearly three-quarters of cases were in fully vaccinated people. Delta was determined to be the culprit in these cases, not older strains or some new variant. And — most surprisingly — the amount of virus measured in a subset of people who tested positive was nearly identical among vaccinated and unvaccinated people.
These findings "raised the specter of — is there transmission happening from vaccinated person to vaccinated person? Is the Delta variant a bigger threat from the perspective of transmissibility and vaccine effectiveness?" Daskalakis says. He describes the findings as an "exclamation point" that prompted the agency to change its guidance for what was safe for vaccinated people to do in the context of delta.
Daskalakis says the investigation into this cluster is ongoing. "The next phase will be going into a deeper dive into the various aspects of this outbreak, including what happened outside of Massachusetts," he says.
Donnelly says he's proud of how his community responded to the investigators, and thankful that public health officials listened and wanted to understand.
"I was just the concentrator of this information," he says. It was the way the community responded, he says, that "allowed the CDC to learn something important about the new coronavirus, and — I really hope — protect some folks."
Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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The Spore with More: The Medicinal Power of Mushrooms
June 30, 2001
The Spore with More: The Medicinal Power of Mushrooms
By Tom Jenkins
Considering that one of Western medicine's most prized drugs, penicillin, comes from mold, it is not surprising that certain varieties of fungi—including shiitake, maitake and reishi mushrooms—also have been found to exert remarkable healing properties. In fact, Ralph W. Moss, Ph.D., of Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City says, "In China more than 200 species of mushrooms are believed to have medicinal properties, and about one-fourth of them are thought to have antitumor capability."
Among those mushrooms receiving praises, reishi and shiitake are perhaps the best known—and the most extensively studied—while maitake is gaining popularity. In general, edible mushrooms are rich in the amino acids lysine and tryptophan as well as nicotinic acid, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and vitamins B, C and K.
Shiitake for Circulation
The firm, golden-brown shiitake (Lentinus edodes), once reserved only for the Japanese emperor and his family, is the most popular edible mushroom in Japan. Renowned as a tonic and stimulant to increase vitality, improve circulation and prevent cerebral hemorrhagic strokes, it has been a traditional Asian medicine for thousands of years. Recently, studies have shown that extracts of shiitake "can lower cholesterol and blood-pressure levels, as well as provide anticarcinogenic, antitumor and immune-enhancing effects," says James Zhou, Ph.D., former faculty member at the Yale University School of Medicine.
Two carbohydrate compounds in the shiitake, lentinan and Lentinus edodes mycelium (LEM), have received the most attention. "Lentinan is a highly purified polysaccharide powder, which, when given by injection, exerts antitumor action by enhancing the immune system", says George W. Hudler, Ph.D., professor of plant pathology at Cornell University. "LEM, a powdered mycelium preparation of shiitake harvested before the cap and the stem grow, also has strong antitumor capacity and bolsters the immune system." Shiitake may exert a few side effects including diarrhea and skin rashes. In addition, individuals taking blood thinners should consult a health practitioner before using shiitake because it has anticlotting properties.
Reishi for Healthy Heart and Prostate
In Japan, reishi mushrooms (Ganoderma lucidum) grow wild on decaying stumps and plum trees and are commercially cultivated there as well as in North America, China, and Taiwan.
Found in powder, capsule, tincture and extract forms, the reishi's medicinal constituents include polysaccharides, alkaloids and triterpenoids.
The popular reishi is gaining the attention of Western medical practitioners because it has been shown to help treat coronary heart disease, hypertension, arthritis and muscular dystrophy. Reishi is also one of eight herbs combined in a specialized formula known as PC SPES, which has shown remarkable success in suppressing the symptoms of prostate cancer.
"Reishi is used in Chinese medicine for its immunogenic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties," says James Lewis Jr., executive director of the Education Center for Prostate Cancer Patients in Jericho, N.Y. "One of the most prized Chinese herbs, this mushroom has been a powerful anticancer agent."
"Reishi can act as a metabolic regulator and demonstrate antitumor and immunomodulating activity," adds C. Jong, Ph.D., of the American Type Culture Collection in Rockville, Md. "It can actually increase bodily resistance against the growth of tumors, induce the production of interferon, enhance immunity function and kill tumor cells," he says.
Maitake for Immunity
The maitake (Grifola frondosa) mushroom is gaining recognition as a powerful means of strengthening the body and enhancing the immune system. Oral extracts of maitake D-fraction, as the polysaccharide is called, have exhibited the highest cancer-inhibiting quality and are considered one of the most potent means of immunological stimulation. Maitake has been shown to reduce high blood pressure, shrink brain tumors and fight prostate cancer. The D-fraction is thought to be one of the most effective extractions of beta-glucan, the polysaccharide that has recently made headlines for helping the body's own immune system fight cancer and infections (Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine, 1997, vol. 12 no. 1).
Forms and Dosage
Medicinal mushrooms are now sold in most natural products stores and some mainstream supermarkets. They can be found fresh in the produce section but are also sold dried, powdered and in liquid form. In addition, some species are processed into capsules or caplets. Others are put into tea bags, often mixed with other ingredients. Maitake, for example, is sold in the form of tea bags mixed with green tea or Siberian ginseng and sometimes with other herbs.
You can make your own healing brew by placing a teaspoon of powdered or dried mushrooms in a cup of green or black tea or a cup of broth. Or try incorporating mushrooms into recipes like these.
Mushroom capsules usually contain between 350-400 mg of product, so taking two capsules per day will provide moderate immune support. To treat specific conditions, it's best to consult a health care practitioner versed in the benefits of fungi.
Tom Jenkins is a writer specializing in health, nutrition, the environment and outdoor recreation.
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Judging by recent claims in the media such as this one, there is still a lot of life in the old tale (dating back to the Anti-Federalists) that the 1787 federal convention "ran away" and that the Constitution was unconstitutionally adopted.
I've dealt with both claims in this column occasionally (see, e.g., here and here), but maybe now is a good time to present a more complete correction of the record.
To get at the the truth you have to know about the laws and practices then applying to interstate conventions, and the procedure leading up to the 1787 gathering. Although the Anti-Federalists were right about certain things (some of their political predictions were brilliant), by and large the law was not their strong point. So their claims that the convention delegates exceeded their powers were partly the result of legal ignorance. They also may have hoped to convince themselves and the public that they had successfully done something they actually had failed to do. Explanation below.
For other reasons, many later writers have accepted the Anti-Federalist charge. This is because most people who write about the Founding may be either historians or lawyers, but they are seldom both. And even the few who are both historians and lawyers have rarely studied 18th century law and convention practice—yours truly modestly excepted.
The usual (false) narrative goes like this:
"The Confederation Congress called the convention and limited its power to proposing amendments to the Articles of Confederation. The Convention disregarded the limit, and drafted an entirely new document. The Articles provided that they could be changed only by unanimous consent among the states. But the convention illegally disregarded that, and allowed ratification of the Constitution by only nine states."
Here are the facts:
* Before and during the Founding Era, there were many interstate conventions, and most of them were called by individual colonies and states. The call or invitation set the outer limits of the topic, and the powers of individual colony or state "committees" (delegations) were fixed by documents called "commissions" issued by each state to its "commissioners" (delegates).
* Congress did not call the Constitutional Convention. It was called by Virginia and, secondarily, by New Jersey in November 1786 in response to the recommendation of the Annapolis Convention the previous September. These calls provided for the convention to propose changes in the "federal constitution" without limiting the gathering to amendments to the Articles. The unanimous authority of 18th century dictionaries tells us that "constitution" in this context meant the entire political system, not merely the Articles as such.
* Congress didn't get around to considering the matter until late February of the following year. By then, seven of the 13 states had agreed to participate and broadly empowered their commissioners (delegates) to consider changes in the political system.
* Congress had no legal power to affect that effort, but a congressional committee did recommend that Congress endorse it. Congressional delegates from New York, where Anti-Federalist sentiment was strong, were instructed to try to stop it. They moved that Congress "recommend" that the convention be limited only to amending the Articles. Congress defeated the New York motion.
* The congressional delegates from Massachusetts then proposed a compromise. They watered down the New York motion to state only that "in the opinion of Congress it is expedient" that the convention be so limited. In this form it passed.
* But this "opinion" had no—repeat, no—legal force.
* The New York and Massachusetts efforts made sense, however, only on the assumption that the seven states that already had empowered their delegates were giving them authority well beyond that of proposing amendments to the Articles.
* New York and Massachusetts later agreed to participate in the Constitutional Convention, but limited their commissioners to proposing amendments to the Articles.
* All the other states ignored them. The original seven continued to give their commissioners authority to recommend an entirely new system. Three more states decided to participate, and they also followed the original, broad formula.
* Thus, in Philadelphia, only the seven commissioners from New York and Massachusetts lacked power to propose a new form of government. Of the seven, three signed the Constitution, one in an individual capacity (Hamilton). Of the 55 delegates, therefore, only Nathaniel Gorham and Rufus King of Massachusetts arguably exceeded their authority by signing.
* There was nothing otherwise illegal about proposing a new system. Interstate conventions were considered meetings under international law. The Articles of Confederation were essentially a treaty among sovereign states. (The word "confederation" was based on the Latin word for treaty: foedus.) In other words, the role of the Confederation Congress was much like the role of the UN among sovereign nations today.
* Signatories of treaties always have the power to reconsider the terms of their connections, even if their coordinating agent (such as the UN or the Confederation Congress) objects.
* The Convention was not held under the Articles; it was by agreement of participating states outside the Articles. The Articles did not control the proceedings, either legally or practically.
* The Declaration of Independence explicitly presented Americans to the world as "one people"—not as 13 different peoples. It is true that this "one people" initially operated through 13 separate governments. But this is by no means unusual in world history, where single "peoples" often have been ruled by multiple governments. Good Founding-Era examples were the political fragmention of the German people and of the Italian people. Good modern examples are Korea, Ireland, and the Arabian peninsula.
* Under the political theory of the Founding Era, the people were the "principals" and public officials their "agents." Although the American people had granted governmental power to disconnected sets of agents, they also had the right to change that arrangement. (See the Declaration of Independence.) Legally, a principal could (and still may) revoke and alter his agent's authority at any time, and entrust all or part of that authority to others.
* Put another way, the American people could revisit the treaty obligations their agents had contracted on their behalf. The 1787 convention suggested that the people do just that—by taking some of the power heretofore exercised by state officials and the Confederation Congress and entrusting it to new federal officials. This was why James Madison said on the Convention floor that "he thought it indispensable that the new Constitution should be ratified in the most unexceptionable form, and by the supreme authority of the people themselves."
* The ratification procedure was crafted so that the Constitution would never come until effect unless it represented the will of a majority of the American electorate. The Framers did this in two ways: (1) Ratification or rejection would come not from state politicians, but from conventions directly elected by the voters for the sole purpose of considering the Constitution, and (2) the Constitution would not go into effect unless conventions in nine states agreed.
* Why nine states? Because as the Constitution's initial allocation of the new House of Representatives showed (Art.I, Sec. 2, Cl. 3), the Framers believed that any and all combinations of nine states would comprise a majority of American citizens. Even if the four most populous states all refused to ratify, the remaining nine still would represent a majority of the electorate. Moreover, as a matter of political reality, the Constitution would not go into effect unless some large states—particularly Pennsylvania and Virginia—were among the nine.
* Ultimately, of course, all 13 states ratified, satisfying even those who claimed the Articles governed.
So relax: The Founders were honorable men, and the Constitution is constitutional.
- The Supreme Court Was Wrong About Taxes - July 10, 2024
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Mr. Sajeev Viswanathan – CEO of New Street, speaking on 'Applications of Blockchain for Development' at Digital Chalfal, Kathmandu, hosted by UN Capital Development Fund (UNCDF).
Read MoreSajeev is the Founder of New Street Tech. He brings to New Street his vast experience in banking, microfinance, payments and technology. He has run multi-billion-dollar businesses, built and managed high performance organisations across the globe and has a passion for leveraging disruptive technologies in enhancing conventional business models.
Sajeev served at Citigroup for over 18 years, and in his last assignment there, was Managing Director, Global Receivables and Trade Finance. Most recently he was Executive Director & President, Earthport PLC an LSE (AIM) listed payments company headquartered in London. Previously, Sajeev held the position of MD & CEO of Bhartiya Samruddhi Financial Services (a part of the BASIX Group), a well-known microfinance company in India. Sajeev is a Non-Exec Chairman of Shecommerz Market Services Private Limited. Sajeev has also served as Advisor to banks, technology and retail distribution companies.
Management professional with 11 years of rich experience in handling large scale IT/ Non-IT projects, process, product improvement, hardware support and escalation management with Executive leadership towards technology & organizational growth. Excels at leading cross-functional teams and coordinating multiple projects.
Natural helper who loves working through people's problems to find the best solution. Is a quick learner who is self-motivated and able to work well independently as well as in a team. Leads by example to ensure the execution of all process, policy, tools adherence and overall knowledge improvement among the outsourced partners.
Vellayan Subbiah, Managing Director holds a Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering from IIT Madras and a Masters in Business Administration from University of Michigan. He has over 23 years of experience in varied fields viz., technology, projects and financial services. He has worked with McKinsey and Company, 24/7 Customer Inc. and Sundram Fasteners Ltd. He was a recipient of the Extraordinary Entrepreneur of the Year – TiECON 2014 Award. He was the Managing Director of Laserwords Private Ltd from 2007-10 and of Cholamandalam Investment and Finance Company Limited from 2010-17.
Srikrishna Ramamoorthy is Partner at Unitus Ventures. Srikrishna is an experienced entrepreneur and early-stage venture capital and private equity capital investor in India. He heads the India operations for Unitus Ventures, having joined the fund as Partner to setup the India office in 2012. Srikrishna received his Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science from R. V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru University.
Ravi Jagannathan is a serial entrepreneur, with over 30 years of experience in building deep-tech ventures. He created successful ventures including eMudhra (a Certifying Authority) & Taxsmile (an Online tax filing portal). From Digital Signature to wallet to blockchain, his new venture KrypC Technologies (a global blockchain tech/research company) emphasizes the objective of innovation through technology. Ravi is a member of Blockchain Expert team that advices UN/CEFACT in matters relating to Blockchain use in Trade Facilitation Processes that includes Energy Trade. Ravi is also actively engaged in start-up space both as angel investor & mentor. A Fellow Member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, he has provided management & JV consulting services to global clients.
Mr. M. V. Nair is the Non-Executive Chairman of the TransUnion CIBIL (India's largest Credit Bureau) & that of KFINTECH Pvt. Ltd, leading Registrar & Transfer Agent. He is an advisor to select private equity & venture backed companies. He is also part of the High-Level Committee on Corporate Insolvency & Liquidation set by the Insolvency & Bankruptcy Board of India. Mr. Nair had served as the Chairman & Managing Director of Union Bank of India & Dena Bank for over 7 years. He was the Chairman of the Indian Banks Association (IBA) & the Chairman of the Committee set up by the Reserve Bank of India to assess the Priority Sector Lending norms in the Country. He has served on several committees in the Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) & the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI).
Naveen is a management postgraduate with a dual degree from Amrita University, India & Buffalo University, New York, USA, with a master's in service management. His industry experience spans managing Corporate Relationships in the Remittances and Forex sector across the UAE and India. Naveen managed new business acquisitions and channel management in reputed global organisations such as UAE Exchange & Wall Street Exchange. His last held position was with Wall Street Exchange as Area Head, Abu Dhabi for handling Corporate & Retail sales of the region.
Kishore has substantial experience in the field of Payments and Microfinance, across India and the Middle East. His last assignment was with Earthport PLC, an LSE (AIM) listed payments company headquartered in London where he was part of the Global Strategy Team. Prior to that he worked with Davinta Technologies, a technology start-up in the Micro Finance space as an Operations Manager where he was a member of the team that launched the company's Digital Financial Inclusion business across India. Kishore is a management postgraduate with a dual degree from Amrita University, India & Buffalo University, New York, USA, with a Masters in Operations Management.
Andy is the Chief Commercial Officer of New Street Tech. He is a seasoned global sales leader, who has been growing technology business across geographies for over 15 years. He brings to New Street his vast experience in building high performance global sales teams. He has incubated new business verticals across geographies and orchestrated multi-million-dollar deals from initiation to closure.
He has helmed technology business sales SBUs across North America, Europe, Middle East, APAC and India for Fortune 500 organizations as well as tech start-ups, across diverse products and services, including ERP, Cloud, Data Analytics, Machine Learning, Business Intelligence and complex data solutions.
Andy is passionate about bringing disruptive technologies across business verticals and deliver a value proposition which brings significant benefit to stakeholders.
Anand Naik is a career banker with over 26 years in domestic & international financial institutions across retail, wholesale, commercial & priority sector banking. Anand's expertise extends to working with regulators & is adept at deploying new age technology platforms into traditional financial services areas. Anand has represented various organisations in international forums such as the World Bank forum for Housing Finance, WSJ Financial Inclusion Challenge and the Niti Ayog's Housing Finance Innovation Forum. His previous held positions were:
Mohit is Co-founder and Non-executive Director of New Street Tech. He is an experienced payment executive, who has been working in the global remittance industry for over 20 years. He has extensive hands on experience of setting up and leading global teams and operations and managing relationships with banks/financial institutions and regulators at the senior most level. He served as the CEO of MoneyGram International, Travelex Money Transfer and Coinstar Money Transfer. Mohit is the Chairman of the International Association of Money Transfer Networks. He also serves as a Non-executive Director on the Board of, and as an Advisor to several payment companies globally.


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- In case of complaints regarding any damage or stain or other reasons must be reported within 24 hours of purchasing the product. We would require an image of the same for us to examine.


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Welcome to AD Beads Show
We wholesale top quality semi-precious stones beads at great price. Thank you and enjoy your shopping!
Red & Orange Coral Heishi &Wheels Beads 15.5"
Please ask for a combined invoice pay for all your purchases in one single payment rather than paying for each item separately. Your all items can be combined within 10 days in ONE payment.
Please note the photo does not show actual size, please refer to Description for size details.
** Color may very slightly due to the color calibration of each individual monitor
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All items must be paid within 10 days after first auction ends.
Refund and return Policy:
If you are not satisfied with your purchase for ANY REASONS, you tell us first and need to mail back in a insured shipping within 7 days after you receive it .
The returned item must be original condition. Then you can get the full refund.
Shipping& Handling fee is not refundable. The buyer is also responsible for the return shipping cost.
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Ohio Lawmaker To Introduce Juveniles' Rights Bill
< < Back toA state lawmaker says she wants to clarify part of Ohio's law that deals with minors' access to legal counsel following a decision this week by the Ohio Supreme Court.
The high court said in a 4-3 ruling on Wednesday that state law doesn't entitle minors the right to an attorney during police interrogations that come before charges are filed or an initial appearance in juvenile court.
State Rep. Tracy Heard said Friday that she's introducing a bill to require that children under the age of 18 be read their rights regarding interrogation "in their language."
The Columbus democrat says accused youths also would not be required to answer any questions, and minors would have the right to speak to their parents or legal counsel prior to answering questions.


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Brett Young and Boyz II Men Teaming Up for 'CMT Crossroads'
Brett Young has called upon Boyz II Men for his CMT Crossroads special, airing March 27.
The next episode of CMT Crossroads will feature the soulful iconic boy band along with Young for a performance that's sure to be anything but ordinary. The one-hour show will premiere at 10PM ET. There are plenty of hits to call upon on both sides, so there's no telling what songs will be traded back and forth.
After the announcement, Young tweeted: "These dudes are LEGENDS! Let's go!" Indeed, Boyz II Men have been together for more than 27 years, and are the best-selling R&B group of all time, with sales topping 64 million records.
Boys II Men replied to Young's praise on Instagram in the most humble of ways, writing, "We just landed ....on our way homie ....y'all got food ?? Need to eat ! Lol."
The comment seems to infer they are performing the concert in Nashville sooner rather than later. Young's tour schedule doesn't start back up again until March 1, as well, making it even more likely.
Young has long been a fan of the R&B trio, even covering their song "Water Runs Dry" at his concert in Atlanta on Nov. 18 of last year. The crowd went wild when Young sang the song during an intimate moment of the show. Additionally, Young has performed Boyz II Men covers at other radio shows and events.
This spring Young will hit the road with Kelsea Ballerini on the 2019 Miss Me More Tour featuring support from newcomer Brandon Ratcliff. The tour kicks off this April and goes through May traveling all over the United States. Tickets are on sale now!
See the Sexiest Men in All of Country Music, Ever:


text: Hey everyone. My mother had been anemic most of my adult years, she drove us all crazy chewing ice. I went on a big weight loss program recently and chose to crunch on ice when I was hungry.(it was not craved) Well guess what ? the doctor told me I was anemic. Is it because of my weight loss or could chewing ice have something to do with it? I can't imagine that chewing ice would deplete you of your iron. If anyone knows how this could medically happen I would appreciate feedback otherwise I am on a course of guessing what it could be. Maybe something lacking in my new eating pattern. I finally get my self on the right track to be healthy and everything I am doing is working against me. I know you crave weird things when anemic like ice(Pica) but again how could it deplete you of your iron.


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News Corporation (News Corp) has disclosed more information about the 2022 cyberattack against the major publishing conglomerate. News Corp revealed that the cybercriminals had access to its systems two years ago, starting in Feb. 2020.
News Corp recently sent notification letters to affected employees. These laid out the most recent information on the data breach. The breach affected workers at the company's publications, The New York Post and The Wall Street Journal, and its UK news operations.
The Dates of the Breach and Affected Information
Hackers accessed News Corp data from Feb. 2020 to Jan. 2022. News Corp discovered the
breach on Jan. 20, 2022, and took immediate action.
The breach allowed attackers access to emails and business documents from limited personnel. Although the attackers accessed personal details, this doesn't seem to be their goal. There are no reports of identity fraud from the breach.
The attackers may have accessed the following employee information:
- Names
- Birthdates
- Driver's license number
- Social security number
- Passport number
- Medical information
- Health insurance information
- Financial account information
How News Corp Reacted
News Corp immediately hired cybersecurity firm Mandiant to investigate the breach. The
company also contained the activity.
News Corp has also arranged 24 months of Experian credit monitoring and identity protection. This comes at no cost to the employees. It covers identity theft insurance, credit monitoring, and identity restoration.
Final Thoughts
This type of data breach is becoming common. If it can affect a company as large as News Corp, then business owners should take it seriously. Be proactive with prevention and monitoring to catch potential breaches or malware early. This is essential to protecting you and your customers. It will also help maintain the reputation of your business. Even small business owners should take steps to protect themselves and their clients from data breaches.


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As Congress debates yet another extension of Federal Unemployment Benefits, perhaps it is time to examine the system itself and gain a bit of perspective.
No one disagrees that Unemployment Insurance is a necessary safety net – providing a means to continue functioning when a job ends and to allow for a search for new employment. Unemployment Insurance is set up as a STATE run program, providing a minimal income for a set period of time. The maximum payout varies by state, but here in the heartland this maximum benefit is $250 a week. The maximum term of benefits is 26 weeks, or 6 months.
This is true insurance. Premiums are paid by employers thru a tax, and benefits are paid out when circumstances warrant a claim – up to the maximum benefit.
Unemployment Insurance Benefits are not intended to be an income replacement for a job! They are a supplement to allow the unemployed worker some minimal income to allow him to eat while he seeks another job. After 6 months, the benefits are maxed out and expire.
This is a reasonable system. No one will starve while seeking work. And since the benefit amount is based on earned income over the previous x number of months… someone eligible for the maximum benefit will have earned significantly more than that benefit amount while working. There is INCENTIVE to seek to return to work to maintain the standard of living! (During my last short stint collecting unemployment benefits… the sum total of monthly benefits barely paid my monthly mortgage! I was INCENTED to seek another job, as my other expenses ate well into my savings!)
Things get muddled when the FEDERAL government steps in.
During times of high national unemployment, the Feds institute "extended benefits". This is NOT Unemployment Insurance. No premiums are paid or collected for these benefits. The program is ADMINISTERED by the states but the benefits are simply expenditures of the Federal Budget.
The currently expiring benefits have run through SEVERAL extensions. For one's benefits to be expiring now, they'd have had to be collecting unemployment thru nearly the entire Obama Presidency!
Remember, McDonalds is hiring, and pays more than $250 a week! If someone has been out of work for 2 years, they COULD get a job flipping burgers for more money than unemployment provides. But WHY WOULD someone who is content to live at that level of income work 40 hrs a week for the kind of money the Feds are giving away for them to sit on their cans?
To be sure, there are people who are NOT content to live on unemployment. Myself, for example! During that last stint of unemployment I mentioned, I was unable to find full time work in my field of expertise, but I DID find and ACCEPT a part-time position! Since I am an IT professional, my part time job nets me, after taxes, significantly more than unemployment benefits pay, though HALF the income I had been earning! I am one of the UNDER-EMPLOYED not recorded on the nations employment statistics… but I am a productive worker, paying taxes and meeting my obligations and expenses – though barely – as I continue to seek a suitable career enhancing position!
The Feds have done enough for the "long-term unemployed". As they drain federal coffers, they have DIS-incented millions of potential CONTRIBUTORS to the nation's economy. Workers will not take jobs they consider "below them" when they can continue to collect taxpayer funded subsidy. They will not work 40 hrs at a job that will only minimally improve their lot over what the Feds give them for nothing. They CREATE the long-term unemployment problem!
Necessity is a great motivator. When the benefits expire, these people WILL go out and accept available employment to meet their needs and those of their families. It is time for the mamby-pamby spoiled brat children that make up a goodly portion of the American Population to find out what it is to take a menial subsistence job that is "below them" and be responsible for themselves. The Depression created innovation. The Depression created character. And the children of the Depression became the "Greatest Generation".
The "Great Society" spawned the "ME Generation"… and these people have become spoiled, lazy, entitled and unproductive.
The Safety Net exists at the State Level. In extreme times, a single extension of an additional 26 weeks might be justifiable. But to extend these benefits ad infinitum is simply the creation of another Welfare program, without calling it so. It is another case of the productive funding and subsidizing the unproductive.
The time has come for Congress to say ENOUGH. There should be no extension of Federal Unemployment Benefits. Congress must begin to show SOME accountability with the tax dollars they appropriate from the productive people of this nation. And it is time for the American People to start being accountable for their own actions, and responsible for their own outcomes.


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Senior Citizen Resources
The following information is for Senior Citizens. Please contact my office for assistance with any questions or problems you may have.
Social Security and Medicare
My office can help you with determining Social Security benefits, as well as Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Medicare eligibility.
- Do you want to know if you qualify for disability and SSI? Use Social Security's Screening Tool (BEST) to check if you do.
- Do you need information on how to apply for Medicare? Go to the Medicare Frequently Asked Questions page.
- Do you have other general questions about social security services and benefits? Find an answer on the Social Security Administration's Answers to Your Questions page.


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I have been using Panic's Coda 1 for almost 30 months since I started work at mig33. I have been waiting ages for Coda 2 and today my wish came true!
Coda 2 will be available from 24th May 2012 onwards from the Mac App Store as well as their own online store. The pricing scheme is a little tricky. For the first 24 hours, Coda 2 will be on sale at 50% which is US$49, after that it will be back to US$75 and after certain time frame it will be back to the original price which is US$99.


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- "He has the ability to make anyone feel physically repulsed. He can use this ability to make someone unable to think of him for a period of time."
- ―Entry on Fred's gift[src]
Repulsive magnetism is Fred's special ability to make others feel physically repulsed by him. It is a very powerful and intense gift that serves best in defense.
Fred can willingly use it to drive pursuers away by inducing repulsion. Those affected will feel the repulsion at the thought of being near him. As he grows older, he learns to make others feel repulsed even at the thought of him for a limited period of time or the location he is in at the time, making him almost "invisible" to them. He can also control the potency of revulsion and the distance he wants to exert.
This power proves to be very useful as Fred manages to evacuate a whole basement full of vampires with his revulsion. He also used this gift to avoid the fight between the Cullens and the newborn army in Eclipse, becoming "invisible" for at least twenty minutes while he escaped before the other newborns approached the Cullen family.
He could also lift off the revulsion from selective individuals if he wishes to, as proven when he does so for Bree. This suggests that he could also allow wanted individuals into his protection when he wants to, which serves as a very strong shield from attackers.
His gift is temporary and works from a certain range, as those who aren't in his presence do not feel the effects of his gift once they move away from him. He can use it to escape his pursuers, but the effects wear off after a certain amount of time unless he is close enough to inflict the repulsion once more.
Resisting the revulsion is possible, but can be very difficult if he uses it full force.
As a human, Fred became an anti-social individual due to his complicated childhood. He shunned all human contact―except for scientific studies―and preferred to be left alone.
When Fred became a vampire, this characteristic was magnified into a power to drive away pursuers. Every vampire in the Seattle newborn army avoided him because of the intensity of his power. Bree noticed how everyone avoided him and followed wherever he sat to avoid trouble. Since she never bothered him, he tried his best to lower his defense on her. He has also been secretly practicing and observing the limit of his power.
The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner[]
- "I guess Fred can sort of repel people. It's all in our heads, though. He makes us repulsed at the thought of being near him."
- ―Diego's description of Fred's power.[src]
A potential fight is about to ensue between Bree, Diego and Raoul's gang, prompting Fred to unleash the full extent of his power. The repulsion he releases is so strong that almost everyone is evacuated from the room. Those who stayed hid in the furthest corners.
While staying indoors with the army, he uses his power to make others unable to look his way, which also serves as protection for Bree.
On the night before the army's battle against the Cullens, the team goes on a ravaging hunt on a ferry. Fred hides behind the vending machines after he fed, to study Riley's behavior, with his power to avoid detection. Bree is able to find him and describes the feeling he releases as seasickness before he lessens the effect on her.
At the end of The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner, Fred uses this power to escape the fight without the army's knowing. Even the Volturi's agents are unable to trace him. By leaving the army, he inadvertently gave the Cullens and the Uley pack an advantage in the battle: his gift would have been a great advantage to the army in the battle, but he chose to flee before the battle commenced.
This power is described as physical by Stephenie Meyer, and should be immune to Bella Swan's mental shield. However, by description in the story, it seems more to be a mental power that provokes people's repulsive sides. Therefore, it is controversial whether or not it is a psychic gift.
Stephenie Meyer once compared his power to that of Jasper Hale's emotional control, just only affecting disgust.
Similar abilities[]
- Afton's mental invisibility makes his pursuers unable to see him, though his power is merely psychic and can be unveiled by someone with a large amount of focus.
- Heidi's gift to attract others with her supernaturally enhanced beauty is an opposite counterpart of Fred's.
- Jasper Hale's gift of pathokinesis allows him to change the way someone physically feels, though the effects wear off when he is no longer near his targets. Like Fred, his power can affect several people at the same time.
- Renata's protective shield is able to project a thought into her attacker's mind to make him go another way and thereby avoid a physical attack. Both of their powers are long-ranged and can be described as defensive.
- Raoul had the power to be socially attractive to others and make them view him as their leader, which was the opposite to Fred's power.


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Discover one of Australia's most extraordinary characters in the Old Parliament House travelling exhibition Billy Hughes at War.
Billy Hughes led Australia as prime minister through some of the hardest years of the First World War. His actions and decisions give a personal insight into some of the key issues of the war.
You can explore the activities and resources on this website to learn about Prime Minister Billy Hughes, the conscription debate and Australia's involvement in the peace negotiations.
About Billy Hughes
Billy Hughes was a complex and complicated character. As Australia's prime minister for most of the First World War, he steered the nation through the horrors of the war and the debates of the peace settlement.
Conscription referenda
The debate over conscription divided Australia. Two referenda were held during the First World War with very close results.
Peace conference
Billy Hughes represented Australia at the Peace conference negotiations in Europe. It was the first time that Australia had an independent voice on the world stage.
Conscription debate
Are you for or against conscription? Hear arguments from both sides of the debate and cast your vote.
How-to-read a political cartoon
Examine four political cartoons about Billy Hughes during the First World War.
We would appreciate any feedback that you can offer about the Billy Hughes at War website.


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Marble Surface Pro Decal
Marble Surface Pro Decal
Turn your Surface Pro into a work of art!
- Each decal is made of high quality, self-adhesive vinyl, precision-cut, full detail.
- Coated with water-proof matte protective film
- Brilliant full-color, ultra high resolution design
- Easy application in minutes
- Only 0.03 mm thickness
- Leaves no residue when removed.
All Surface Pro decals are made to order. Please allow extra 3-5 business days for shipping.


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Artikkel 32 - Keeld kasutada laste tööjõudu ja noorte töötajate kaitse
Laste töölevõtmine on keelatud. Töölevõtmisel ei või vanuse alammäär olla madalam kui iga, mil lõpeb koolikohustus, ilma et eelöeldu mõjutaks noortele soodsamate eeskirjade kohaldamist ja piiratud erandeid. Töölevõetud noorte töötingimused peavad olema eakohased ning noori tuleb kaitsta majandusliku ekspluateerimise ja töö eest, mis võiks kahjustada nende ohutust, tervist või kehalist, vaimset, kõlbelist või sotsiaalset arengut või takistada hariduse omandamist.
Käesolev artikkel põhineb direktiivil 94/33/EÜ noorte töökaitse kohta, Euroopa sotsiaalharta artiklil 7 ja töötajate sotsiaalseid põhiõigusi käsitleva ühenduse harta punktidel 20–23.
Article 29 (1) Women, adolescents, and persons with health problems have the right to increased protection of their health at work and to special work conditions. (2) Adolescents and persons with health problems have the right to special protection in labour relations and to assistance in vocational training. (3) Detailed provisions shall be set by law.
Sections 243-7
Článek 29 (1) Ženy, mladiství a osoby zdravotně postižené mají právo na zvýšenou ochranu zdraví při práci a na zvláštní pracovní podmínky. (2) Mladiství a osoby zdravotně postižené mají právo na zvláštní ochranu v pracovních vztazích a na pomoc při přípravě k povolání. (3) Podrobnosti stanoví zákon.
18Restrictions on employment of children. (1)Subject to the provisions of this section and of any byelaws made thereunder no child shall be employed— (a)so long as he is under the age of fourteen years; or (aa)to do any work other than light work or; (b)before the close of school hours on any day on which he is required to attend school; or (c)before seven o'clock in the morning or after seven o'clock in the evening or any day; or (d)for more than two hours on any day on which he is required to attend school; or (da)for more than twelve hours in any week in which he is required to attend school; or (e)for more than two hours on any Sunday; or (f). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (g)for more than eight hours or, if he is under the age of fifteen years, for more than five hours in any day— (i)on which he is not required to attend school, and (ii)which is not a Sunday; or (h)for more than thirty-five hours or, if he is under the age of fifteen years, for more than twenty-five hours in any week in which he is not required to attend school; or (i)for more than four hours in any day without a rest break of one hour; or (j)at any time in a year unless at that time he has had, or could still have, during a period in the year in which he is not required to attend school, at least two consecutive weeks without employment. (2)A local authority may make byelaws with respect to the employment of children, and any such byelaws may distinguish between children of different ages and sexes and between different localities, trades, occupations and circumstances, and may contain provisions— (a)authorising— (i)the employment on an occasional basis of children aged thirteen years (notwithstanding anything in paragragh (a) of the last foregoing subsection) by their parents or guardians in light agricultural or horticultural work. (ia)the employment of children aged thirteen years (notwithstanding anything in paragraph (a) of the last foregoing subsection) in categories of light work specified in the byelaw. (ii)the employment of children (notwithstanding anything in paragraph (b) of the last foregoing subsection) for not more than one hour before the commencement of school hours on any day on which they are required to attend school; (b)prohibiting absolutely the employment of children in any specified occupation; (c)prescribing— (i)the age below which children are not to be employed; (ii)the number of hours in each day, or in each week, for which, and the times of day at which, they may be employed; (iii)the intervals to be allowed to them for meals and rest; (iv)the holidays or half-holidays to be allowed to them; (v)any other conditions to be observed in relation to their employment; so, however, that no such byelaws shall modify the restrictions contained in the last foregoing subsection save in so far as is expressly permitted by paragraph (a) of this subsection, and any restriction contained in any such byelaws shall have effect in addition to the said restrictions. 2A)In this section— "light work" means work which, on account of the inherent nature of the tasks which it involves and the particular conditions under which they are performed— (a) is not likely to be harmful to the safety, health or development of children; and (b) is not such as to be harmful to their attendance at school or to their participation in work experience in accordance with section 560 of the Education Act 1996, or their capacity to benefit from the instruction received or, as the case may be, the experience gained; "week" means any period of seven consecutive days; and "year", except in expressions of age, means a period of twelve months beginning with 1st January. 3)Nothing in this section, or in any byelaw made under this section, shall prevent a child from doing anything— (a)under the authority of a licence granted under this Part of this Act; or (b)in a case where by virtue of section 37(3) of the Children and Young Persons Act 1963 no licence under that section is required for him to do it.
An Act to make further provision with respect to restrictions on the employment of persons under the upper limit of school age and to the means of imposing and enforcing such restrictions; and for connected purposes.
Article 56 Children shall enjoy special protection and care. Children shall enjoy human rights and fundamental freedoms consistent with their age and maturity.Children shall be guaranteed special protection from economic, social, physical, mental or other exploitation and abuse. Such protection shall be regulated by law.Children and minors who are not cared for by their parents, who have no parents or who are without proper family care shall enjoy the special protection of the state. Their position shall be regulated by law.
56. člen (pravice otrok) Otroci uživajo posebno varstvo in skrb. Človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine uživajo otroci v skladu s svojo starostjo in zrelostjo. Otrokom se zagotavlja posebno varstvo pred gospodarskim, socialnim, telesnim, duševnim ali drugim izkoriščanjem in zlorabljanjem. Takšno varstvo ureja zakon. Otroci in mladoletniki, za katere starši ne skrbijo, ki nimajo staršev ali so brez ustrezne družinske oskrbe, uživajo posebno varstvo države. Njihov položaj ureja zakon.
Article 38 (1) Women, minors, and persons with disabilities are entitled to an enhanced protection of their health at work, as well as to special working conditions. (2) Minors and persons with disabilities are entitled to special protection in labor relations as well as to assistance in professional training. (3) Details concerning rights listed in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be laid down by law.
Čl. 38 (1) Ženy, mladiství a osoby zdravotne postihnuté majú právo na zvýšenú ochranu zdravia pri práci a osobitné pracovné podmienky. (2) Mladiství a osoby zdravotne postihnuté majú právo na osobitnú ochranu v pracovných vzťahoch a na pomoc pri príprave na povolanie. (3) Podrobnosti o právach podľa odsekov 1 a 2 ustanoví zákon.
Articolul 49(...) (3) Exploatarea minorilor, folosirea lor în activitati care le-ar dauna sanatatii, moralitatii sau care le-ar pune în primejdie viata ori dezvoltarea normala sunt interzise. (4) Minorii sub vârsta de 15 ani nu pot fi angajati ca salariati.
Article 49(...) (3) The exploitation of minors, their employment in activities that might be harmful to their health, or morals, or might endanger their life and normal development are prohibited.(4) Minors under the age of fifteen may not be employed for any paid labour.
Artigo 69.º (Infância) 3. É proibido, nos termos da lei, o trabalho de menores em idade escolar. Artigo 70.º (Juventude) 1. Os jovens gozam de protecção especial para efectivação dos seus direitos económicos, sociais e culturais, nomeadamente: a) No ensino, na formação profissional e na cultura; b) No acesso ao primeiro emprego, no trabalho e na segurança social. Artigo 59.º (Direitos dos trabalhadores) 2. Incumbe ao Estado assegurar as condições de trabalho, retribuição e repouso a que os trabalhadores têm direito, nomeadamente: c) A especial protecção do trabalho das mulheres durante a gravidez e após o parto, bem como do trabalho dos menores, dos diminuídos e dos que desempenhem actividades particularmente violentas ou em condições insalubres, tóxicas ou perigosas.
Article 69 (Childhood) (3) Access to work shall be forbidden, in accordance with the law, to school-age minor children. Article 70 (Youth) (1) In order to ensure the effective enjoyment of their economic, social and cultural rights, young people shall receive special protection, particularly: (a) In education, vocational training and culture; (b) In access to their first job, at work and in relation to social security. Article 59 (Workers' rights) (2) It is the duty of the State to guarantee the conditions of work, remuneration and rest to which workers are entitled, in particular by: (c) Special protection at work for women during pregnancy and after childbirth, for minors and disabled person and for those engaged in especially strenuous activity or working in unhealthy, toxic or dangerous conditions.
Article 65(...) 3. The permanent employment of children under 16 years of age shall be forbidden. The types and nature of admissible employments shall be specified by statute. (...)
Art. 65(...) 3. Stałe zatrudnianie dzieci do lat 16 jest zakazane. Formy i charakter dopuszczalnego zatrudniania określa ustawa.
Article 15The minimum age for paid labour shall be prescribed by law.Article 16The State shall provide for safeguarding the labour of minors and assure to them the right to equal pay for equal work.
On occupations in which it is prohibited to employ young workers and exceptions.
Art. 37. (...) The law establishes the minimum age for paid labour. The Republic protects the work of minors by means of special provisions and guarantees them the right to equal pay for equal work.
'4. The Council reaffirms the urgency to eliminate the worst forms of child labour and underlines the importance of a child-rights based approach4 to inform and guide all actions to eliminate child labour. Action is most effective and sustainable when it is embedded within comprehensive action plans and programmes to eliminate all forms of child labour, including through integrated area-based, sector-based programmes and value chain approaches. In this respect, the Council encourages the Commission to ensure coherence and complementarity between its education and child labour-oriented development programmes and to ensure mainstreaming in other sectors such as decent work, responsible business, vocational training and education, agriculture, manufacturing and mining as well as facilitating school-to-work transition and decent work for youth. Delivering on social protection floors and quality education are key factors contributing to a decline in child labour. In addition, it is relevant to recognize that child labour and forced labour are closely linked and frequently occur in similar contexts and sectors.'
Paragraph 49. 'Points out that in some Member States there are children under 14 years of age that have jobs; considers that the role of labour inspectors must be strengthened and that campaigns against child labour must be stepped up; calls on the Commission to put in place specific EU-level control and monitoring campaigns focusing on the working conditions of young persons, in particular young migrants; [...]'
Article 32 - on child labour '59. The Committee urges States to implement the provisions of article 32 (2) of the Convention, and the International Labour Organization Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138), and Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182), to protect children in street situations from economic exploitation and the worst forms of child labour. Action against child labour should comprise comprehensive measures, including the provision of support enabling children to transition into education and guaranteeing an adequate standard of living for them and their families. Such measures should be developed in collaboration with children in street situations and other key stakeholders to reflect children's best interests and to ensure they do not have any inadvertent negative impact on children's survival or development. The criminalization of begging or unlicensed trading can result in worse forms of survival behaviours, such as commercial sexual exploitation. Savings schemes to develop budgeting skills and safeguard earnings for children in street situations are beneficial.'
'3. Members should take preventive measures that include: (a) respecting, promoting and realizing fundamental principles and rights at work; (b) the promotion of freedom of association and collective bargaining to enable at-risk workers to join workers' organizations; (c) programmes to combat the discrimination that heightens vulnerability to forced or compulsory labour; (d) initiatives to address child labour and promote educational opportunities for children, both boys and girls, as a safeguard against children becoming victims of forced or compulsory labour; and (e) taking steps to realize the objectives of the Protocol and the Convention.' '10. Protective measures for children subjected to forced or compulsory labour should take into account the special needs and best interests of the child, and, in addition to the protections provided for in the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182), should include: (a) access to education for girls and boys; (b) the appointment of a guardian or other representative, where appropriate; (c) when the person's age is uncertain but there are reasons to believe him or her to be less than 18 years of age, a presumption of minor status, pending age verification; and (d) efforts to reunite children with their families, or, when it is in the best interests of the child, provide family-based care.'
Child labour '15. Calls upon all States to translate into concrete action their commitment to the progressive and effective eradication of child labour that is likely to be hazardous, to interfere with the child's education or to be harmful to the child's health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, to eliminate immediately the worst forms of child labour and to promote education as a key strategy in this regard; 16. Urges all States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying both the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182)30 and the Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138)31 of the International Labour Organization; 17. Recognizes that poverty and social exclusion, labour mobility, discrimination and lack of adequate social protection and educational opportunity as well as lack of birth registrations all influence child labour;'


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Impeller Kit
Drive Type:Spline Drive
Number of Blades:12
Shaft Width:5/8"
Shaft Diameter:1-29/32"
Insert Material:Brass
Jabsco flexible impellers can be fitted to most makes and models of bronze flexible impeller engine cooling, bilge, transfer and general purpose pumps.
Jabsco flexible impellers are subjected to rigorous quality processes to ensure reliable, efficient and long lasting performance.
Replace all impellers at least once every year, or sooner, depending on the engine duty. When the installation is correct an impeller may last for several years, but it is always advisable to stick to a schedule of preventative, rather than corrective, maintenance.
Replacing impellers is easy. By removing the end cover screws, it is possible to remove the impeller by using either a Jabsco Impeller Removal Tool, or channel lock pliers, to grip the hub of the impeller. Don?t use screwdrivers as they may damage the face of the pump body, causing leaks, and they can be dangerous in confined spaces.
Always carry spare impellers on board in case of emergency. The impeller is one of the most vital components of the engine cooling system and should always be treated as such.
Always grease new impellers. Firstly, it makes it easier to install the impeller into the pump bore, and secondly it gives added protection to the impeller during initial prime. After replacing the gasket and end cover the pump is ready to use.WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including LEAD which is known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to P65Warnings.ca.gov.


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We are sorry we are the worst bloggers ever lately! Megan has been busy building a baby in her tummy, she is due in a few weeks. My excuse is my five kids, and still recovering from the holidays. We promise to get some more blog posts up...soon! In the meantime, most our crafting/quilting endeavors are meticulously covered on our Instagram feeds. @quiltstory and @quiltstorymeg. If you don't have an Instagram account, DO IT NOW!
A few from last week...
How cute is this mini from one wee bird? Love the fabrics, pattern and color!
This Kaleidoscope quilt weirds my eyes out. Amazing! From tales of cloth
Happy quilting Melissa created this gorgeous quilt. This fabric, Bari J, Emmy Grace, for me is tied with Violet Crafts Brambleberry Ridge fabric line last year. Both beautiful!
Sigh. How amazing is this? From Leigh Laurel Studios, a Melon Double Wedding Ring tutorial. Love!
The Crafty Quilter and this precious Heart quilt. So sweet. Heart this!
Come link up with us!
Tuesday, January 27, 2015
Tuesday, January 20, 2015
Fabric Tuesday, link up!!
Happy Tuesday! Hope you all enjoyed your weekend! My hubby was home for a few days which is rare and oh so nice :) I have been doing LOADS of sewing lately. You can always catch me on my Instagram @quiltstorymeg...but I plan to share a lot here this week too!!
Let's see some of the awesome link-ups from last week!
Ahh!! Such pretty things!! :)
Fabric Tuesday #218
Link up!
Tuesday, January 13, 2015
Fabric Tuesday! Come link on up!
Just a few favorites from last week. I have hardly been sewing lately, and I am really feeling the need! I love looking at all the lovely projects week to week. Keep sewing, even if I am not :(
Ellyn's place beautiful swap mini. Love the hand quilting...
Fair Isle block tutorial from Leigh Laurel. This is a tutorial for this block! I really love this!
Super awesome elephant pillow! Love! Amazing! From Gemini Stitches. Good work!
This finish from The Quilt Engineer...Wow! Love all the patterns here!
This awesome MineCraft pillow from Crafty Nomad, My little boy would die! I must make him one!
Quilty Habit beautiful colorful finish. Isn't this great!?
Ellyn's place beautiful swap mini. Love the hand quilting...
Fair Isle block tutorial from Leigh Laurel. This is a tutorial for this block! I really love this!
Super awesome elephant pillow! Love! Amazing! From Gemini Stitches. Good work!
This finish from The Quilt Engineer...Wow! Love all the patterns here!
This awesome MineCraft pillow from Crafty Nomad, My little boy would die! I must make him one!
Quilty Habit beautiful colorful finish. Isn't this great!?
Monday, January 12, 2015
Cutest mini ever! From Simple Sewendipity....
We got the sweetest quilt submission from Simple Sewendipity. How darling is this? Now I want to make one with my little girl! What a great idea and darling mini. I am sure this will be kept forever! (Probably by mom!) Be sure to go check out Simple Sewendipity, , these quilt finishes will have you following her blog. Such talent!
The Last and the First...
While the title of this post sounds like some profound novel in progress, I have my last finish of 2014 to share with you. But what I'm most proud of is that it's also my daughter Sophie's first quilt finish - ever. She is 6 and has been watching me sew for her entire life. She's pretty crafty herself but the furthest we've gotten as far as sewing is her sitting at my sewing machine, practicing sewing straight lines onto paper. But last week, I got on a potholder kick due to a gorgeous post by Ashley at Film in the Fridge. More on this next week, I promise!
Inspired by the idea of scrappy rainbows, I had ALL of my color coded bags of scraps out and scattered across the floor in my tiny sewing corner. Sophie sees all the fabric and asks if she can sew too - usually this just amounts to her taking her ragged safety scissors and ravaging the life out of fabric scraps. Sure, I say...and if I'm being completely honest, I was only half listening and trying to stay in the zone. Maybe a minute later, she asks if I can sew these two pieces of white fabric together. Yeah, yeah, here you go....I mumble. I zip it through my machine and back into the zone I go.
Five minutes go by and suddenly - in typical mom fashion - I realize that things are quiet. Too quiet. I turn around and see this:
I feel instantly proud - here she is armed with only scraps and a glue stick, making this adorable rainbow "quilt". But also, in that flash of proudness, I felt that awful flash of mom guilt. I was wrapped up in my own project, single-minded and focused...and this was happening literally a foot behind me. And I was missing it.
Needless to say that the potholders were set aside and we finished the rainbow together. It took all my self control not to trim here or smooth a rough and jagged edge there. She was happy with how it looked and it was HER quilt. Perfection be damned. It looks perfect to her, so who am I to argue?
When all the gluing was done, we ran it under the iron to set things up a little firmer and I asked if she wanted me to quilt it all down. If this was practice for her, it was going to be practice for me too! I decided to practice a different technique in each color band - matchstick quilting in the pink center, pebbles in the purple, crosshatching in blue, meander (I stink, STINK at this supposedly easy style!) in green, ribbon candy in yellow, chain squares in orange, and a regular curvy back and forth in red.
Even though the backing is really dark and busy, I love how the rainbow quilting looks on the back :)
I did a very tight grid in the white background and a free motion sunburst in the block of sunshine.
Sophie says that she wants to use it as a doll blanket, but I added a couple pockets on the back just in case she decides to hang it on the wall instead.
My favorite part of this whole thing is that it was pinned up on my corkboard while I was deciding how to quilt it and Sophie wandered up behind me and put her little (okay, not so little anymore) arm around my waist. "Mummy," she says. "It's so beautiful that it makes me want to cry!"
Me too, honey. Me too.
Tuesday, January 6, 2015
Fabric Tuesday is BACK!!!
Happy New Year!!
I hope you all enjoyed your winter (or summer) breaks and the holidays. We certainly did. Now that it's over, Heather and I are already starting to feel busy...how does that happen so fast?!
I had a lot of fun looking through the last link-up, seriously some inspiring projects!! Take a look and link-up yours at the bottom.
Fabric Tuesday #216
Link-up a project using fabric below!
Remember to visit other links...that's what makes these parties fun!!
Thank you!!
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With the tug-of-war between mammoth social media platforms for daily users, 2018 is poised to become the biggest year for technological advancements in the industry. As social norms related to social media change, here are the top 5 trends we expect to become mainstream this year.
- The boom of Augmented Reality
The launch of the new iPhones -- both 8 and X -- last September brought with it an under-the-radar change to the devices. The incorporation of a new chip provides iPhone users with extraordinary augmented reality (AR) experiences. While most conversations about AR focus on the mobile gaming experience, social media platforms will likely find a way to integrate the new technology as well. - Influencer marketing
Influencer marketing has proven to be the best way forward for companies to connect with younger audiences. Titanic companies such as The North Face, HubSpot and Rolex are great examples of companies which have profited heavily from social media-based influencer marketing. By contrast, companies that opted for traditional strategies struggled to connect to social media users, indicating that influencer marketing is here to stay and blossom in 2018. - All eyes on Gen Z
The oldest Gen Z-er is 22 years old and is only just heading into the labor market, meaning they're going to start spending more money for sometime to come. Brands recognize this, and are aiming to shift their social media strategies to appease the newest customers on the market. Investment in platforms like Snapchat and Instagram is expected to grow exponentially this year. - The growing importance of messaging platforms
A recent study pointed out that over 2.5 billion people use messaging platforms like WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger and Kik to connect with companies. Rather than simply publishing marketing content to profiles and feeds, companies should focus on making it easier for customers to start one-on-one conversations. Therefore, it is more than likely that artificial intelligence, voice assistants and chatbots will all be integrated into messaging platforms for a more personalized user experience. - Digital hangouts go mainstream
In 2017, video content -- including live broadcasts and chats platforms -- was more prominent than ever, and live videos were definitely a successful part of it. This means digitally hanging out with friends and colleagues will become a social norm, as evidenced by the video hangout platform known as Houseparty, which boasts of over one million daily users.
With Gen Z-ers becoming a larger part of the buying marketing, companies will utilize social media platforms to their fullest by incorporating a wide variety of targeted methods to capture their attention. These methods involve technologies that were unimaginable only a few years ago, such as virtual reality and augmented reality. Moreover, investments in optimizing messaging platforms and influencer marketing also signals the start of a newer, more interconnected era between businesses and customers.
Social media marketing is the future. Get in touch with our experts for advice on how you can make 2018 your year. Call today.


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Updated March 9, 2023 at 12:53 PM ET
In a bipartisan fashion, senators on the Environment and Public Works Committee held a hearing Thursday calling for answers from railroad executives and federal emergency response officials as they seek justice for residents of East Palestine, Ohio.
The hearing examined the environmental and public health threats from last month's train derailment, in which several tank cars carrying hazardous materials caught fire and released toxic chemicals into the air, soil and ground water in and around the crash site.
During questioning, lawmakers asked about paid sick leave for workers, the environmental safety after the spill and what Norfolk Southern is doing to help residents.
"I am terribly sorry for the impact this derailment has had on the folks of that community," said Alan Shaw, CEO of Norfolk Southern. "Yes, it is my commitment and Norfolk Southern's commitment that we are going to be there for as long as it takes to help East Palestine thrive and recover."
In response to questions from committee chair Sen. Tom Carper, D-Del., Shaw said the company was prepared to be there "10 years from now" if that's what it takes to recover but made no explicit monetary or resource commitments.
EPA Regional Administrator Debra Shore testified that the agency issued an administrative order last month that will hold Norfolk Southern accountable for all EPA costs related to the cleanup and restoration of East Palestine.
"If the company doesn't comply with EPA's order, then EPA can step in and continue the work so there is no disruption in the essential cleanup," Shore said. "We will be vigorous about holding the company accountable.
Asking about paid leave and health care needs
Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., asked Shaw if he would make the commitment to give paid sick leave for all workers.
"I am committed to speaking to our employees about quality of life issues that are important to them," Shaw said.
Railroad companies came under pressure at the end of last year when unions threatened to go on strike twice over the lack of sick leave in proposed union contracts. Congress ultimately passed a bill that mandated unions accept the contract without the sick leave asked for.
Sanders also echoed questions from colleagues on whether or not the company will cover the health care costs of East Palestine residents.
Shaw said, "everything is on the table."
Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., who called on President Biden to visit Ohio, also asked Shaw if he felt it would be safe to live in East Palestine.
"I believe that the air is safe. I believe that water is safe," Shaw said.
Senators call for more regulations
The hearing's first witness, Sen. Bob Casey, D-Pa., noted that residents of Beaver County in Pennsylvania — not far from the accident site — are "scared, particularly the potential exposure that could lead to health impacts to themselves and their families for years," Casey said. He advocated for an effort he's leading with Ohio Sens. Sherrod Brown, a Democrat, and J.D. Vance, a Republican, that would increase penalties on railroad companies and increase safety requirements.
"It's bipartisan — that never happens around here on big bills," Casey said. "It would be a good start by Norfolk Southern to tell us today that they support the bill."
Brown, who has visited East Palestine, called on Norfolk Southern CEO Shaw to make a financial commitment to cover the cleanup, environmental testing and health care costs "however long it takes to make this community whole."
Brown noted that a second train derailed in Springfield, Ohio.
"The only thing that saved Ohioans from disaster was luck, but we need more than that," Brown said.
Vance, also testifying before Senate colleagues, echoed similar concerns.
"I am a realist. I recognize that you are always going to have accidents but I think that we can make them less likely," Vance said. "I am a Republican, a pretty conservative Republican, and I worry that there has been a movement in my party and against the legislation I have proposed."
He added he believed railroad deregulation was good for consumers but "that doesn't mean we cannot have reasonable safety enhancements in response to what happened in East Palestine."
Testimony from Norfolk Southern
Already under intense public scrutiny for its safety practices following the explosive freight train derailment last month, as well as other recent incidents, Shaw is looking to get ahead of criticism on safety procedures.
"I am determined to make this right," Shaw said in his opening testimony, adding that Norfolk Southern will clean the site. He argued the water and air are safe.
Norfolk Southern is trying to get out in front on the safety issue ahead of what is expected to be an intense grilling of Shaw on his company's safety record, announcing several steps the railroad is taking in an effort to improve safety.
The moves comes after two more serious rail accidents in Ohio in recent days, including another freight train derailment in Springfield over the weekend, and the death of a Norfolk Southern conductor who was fatally struck by a dump truck at a rail crossing at a steel plant in Cleveland early Tuesday.
The National Transportation Safety Board cited those crashes, the East Palestine derailment and two other Norfolk Southern fatal incidents over the last 15 months, as it opened up a broad investigation into Norfolk Southern's organization and safety culture this week.
"Given the number and significance of recent Norfolk Southern accidents ... the NTSB is concerned that several organizational factors may be involved in the accidents, including safety culture," the board says in its press release. "The NTSB will conduct an in-depth investigation into the safety practices and culture of the company. At the same time, the company should not wait to improve safety and the NTSB urges it to do so immediately."
The Federal Railroad Administration is also widening its investigation into the railroad company, announcing this week that it will conduct a 60-day safety review of Norfolk Southern.
"After a series of derailments and the death of one of its workers," Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said in a statement, "we are initiating this further supplemental safety review of Norfolk Southern, while also calling on Norfolk Southern to act urgently to improve its focus on safety so the company can begin earning back the trust of the public and its employees."
Following the fatal incident early Tuesday morning in Cleveland, Norfolk Southern CEO Shaw issued a statement announcing new safety briefings "reaching every employee across our network," starting Wednesday.
"Moving forward, we are going to rebuild our safety culture from the ground up," Shaw said. "We are going to invest more in safety. This is not who we are, it is not acceptable, and it will not continue."
The Association of American Railroads, the main lobbying group for the seven major large, class one freight railroads, announced Wednesday a number of steps that the industry will be taking to improve safety in the wake of the East Palestine disaster and other derailments.
The measures include a focus on strengthening the network of trackside detectors that railroads use to spot overheating and other problems on railcar wheelsets and other equipment before they cause a derailment, as well as tank car safety improvements.
Copyright 2023 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Frequently asked questions and answers
Can I apply for multiple positions at the same time?
We encourage you to apply for the position that interests you most. If there are other positions that you are interested in, please mention this in your application as a supplementary note. We generally review your application for all vacancies. Accordingly, we will contact you if we have a more suitable position on offer.
Do I need a work permit for Austria?
No, if you are a citizen of an EEA country. Yes, if you come from a third country. In this case, you need a residence permit as well as the work permit. Of course, we are happy to help you with submitting the application.
Further information on the subject of work permits can be found at the Public Employment Service Austria (AMS).
How good must my German language skills be?
German is our company language. In order to be able to communicate sufficiently with all employees in your training and internal communication, we require a minimum entry level of B1 in German. Better still would be B2 (according to the European reference framework for foreign languages).
When does the trainee programme begin?
There are no fixed start dates. The trainee programme is individually tailored to you and starts immediately after you join the WALTER GROUP. It comprises solid basic training and in-depth specialist training according to your future job assignment.


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The goal of this new editor is to make adding rich content to WordPress simple and enjoyable. This whole post is composed of pieces of content—somewhat similar to LEGO bricks—that you can move around and interact with. Move your cursor around and you'll notice the different blocks light up with outlines and arrows. Press the arrows to reposition blocks quickly, without fearing losing things in the process of copying and pasting.
Headings are separate blocks as well, which helps with the outline and organization of your content. What you are reading now is a text block the most basic block of all. The text block has its own controls to be moved freely around the post…
- Text & Headings
- Images & Videos
- Galleries
- Embeds, like YouTube, Tweets, or other WordPress posts.
- Layout blocks, like Buttons, Hero Images, Separators, etc.
- And Lists like this one of course 🙂
Visual Editing
A huge benefit of blocks is that you can edit them in place and manipulate your content directly. Instead of having fields for editing things like the source of a quote, or the text of a button, you can directly change the content. Try editing the following quote:
Perfection is achieved not when there is nothing more to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.
Matt Mullenweg, 2017
The information corresponding to the source of the quote is a separate text field, similar to captions under images, so the structure of the quote is protected even if you select, modify, or remove the source. It's always easy to add it back.
Media Rich
If you combine the new wide and full-wide alignments with galleries, you can create a very media rich layout, very quickly:
Sure, the full-wide image can be pretty big. But sometimes the image is worth it. The above is a gallery with just two images. It's an easier way to create visually appealing layouts, without having to deal with floats. You can also easily convert the gallery back to individual images again, by using the block switcher.
Any block can opt into these alignments. The embed block has them also and is responsive out of the box. The information corresponding to the source of the quote is a separate text field, similar to captions under images.