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If you care to purchase the book from Amazon, please click on the book cover.
Three sisters, three different outlooks on life, three different opinions about working, three different attitudes concerning just about everything, but they all had the same reason for coming home.....their mother needed help because of her breast cancer.
Rose was the practical, organized sister, Bean was the attorney turned thief, and Cordy was still the spoiled child she always was. They all had some secret or concern as they returned to their childhood home.
Their childhood home was one of love, of books, and Shakespearean quotes....the entire family quoted Shakespeare as they spoke and thought nothing of doing so. None of the girls was ever without a book in her hands.
Just as in childhood, the adult lives of each sister went opposite ways in terms of interest and responsibility, but their love and concern for each other was evident. The emotions of the characters and the descriptions of situations especially during childhood flashbacks was perfectly depicted allowing the reader to experience the hominess of small town connections and the nostalgia of coming back to your roots.
You will enjoy each sister for her strengths and shortcomings, and you will admire their parents for their love of each other and for the love of reading they instilled in their daughters.
I really enjoyed this book...if you have sisters, you will cherish it, and you will most likely be comparing these characters to see which sister you are!! If you don't have sisters, the bond between all the characters will "warm your heart" and have you thinking about your own family and sibling relationships. 5/5
P. S. The Three Witches or Weird Sisters are characters in William Shakespeare's play Macbeth (c. 1603–1607)...information taken from Wikipedia.


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The event that you requested can not be found. It is possible that it has been removed from this system.
Current Calendar
The Wisconsin Humane Society is committed to providing protection, shelter and care for wild and homeless animals. Because of generous donors, we are able to rescue, rehabilitate and rehome thousands of animals like me every year!

subset: commoncrawl


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Lockout Tagout User Level-Decatur
Mon, September 30
7:00am-9:00am CDT
Deadline to register for instructor led classes (Basic excluded) is by close of business the day prior to training. Registrations for instructor led classes will no longer be accepted the day of class.
Control of Hazardous Energy — User Level
Class Time— 2 hours Instructor-led plus computer-based test
Price—$80.00 NON-MEMBERS/ $65.00 MEMBERS
Required for:
Personnel required to service, maintain or work around energized equipment
Course Description:
Identify and list sources of energy
Steps required to control hazardous energy
Equipment needed to lockout equipment and machinery
Training requirements
*An annual refresher is recommended.
However, retraining shall be provided for all authorized and affected employees whenever there is a change in their job assignments, a change in machine, equipment or processes that present a new hazard, or when there is a change in the energy control procedures, per 29 CFR1910.147.


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In an embarrassing repeat of its mistake from last year, and also the year before that, the ABA Journal has again picked Lowering the Bar as one of its top 100 legal blogs. I still suspect this is largely due to the rampant paint-huffing that goes on over there pretty much 24/7, at least according to TMZ, but on the off-chance the editors were lucid at the time they did this I would like to say thank you very much.
I would also like to thank Susan DiMaria and the other readers who nominated this blog for the list. Here's the very kind blurb Susan contributed, which the ABA used in its article (that's how I know her name—any others are safely anonymous):
Lowering the Bar
"It is the wittiest, most incisive, well-written and flat-out hilarious blawg around," wrote Susan E. DiMaria of O'Malley, Surman & Michelini in New Jersey. "Where else are you going to read about a DUI on a Zamboni? Wyoming's pending bill to buy an aircraft carrier? Yeah, I thought so. Check out the Case Law Hall of Fame and the Pleading Archive. Where else am I going to find an order compelling counsel to hold a game of rock, paper, scissors to settle which side takes the first dep? Our profession tends to take itself a little too seriously; this is the antidote."
Yes, Susan actually exists and (to my knowledge) is in no way related to me. Thank you, Susan, and please let me know if you will accept a personal check.
If you have 30 seconds to spare and are so inclined, the ABA also is asking readers to vote (here) for their favorite blogs within each category. (Lowering the Bar is again listed under "Fun," for what are hopefully obvious reasons.) Will the outcome of this vote make much of a difference in the scheme of things? No. But did you vote on November 6? I think you see where I'm going with that. At least with this vote you don't have to leave the house.
As a special token of appreciation, each voter will receive one year of Lowering the Bar absolutely free.
Whether you vote or not, of course, thanks again for reading.


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Footwear Industries Pty Ltd (ABN 15 068 608 917) (Steel Blue or We/we or Our/our or Us/us) is committed to respecting the privacy of your personal information.
This Privacy Policy explains our policy for dealing with personal information that we collect through the following channels (here and after, the Collection Channels):
- our online properties (here and after, each a Website), including;
- our websites, including, but not limited to, steelblue.comand www.howlerboots.com;
- any related Steel Blue website, social media page, internal website, intranet and any Steel Blue mobile or tablet applications;
- any website, social media page, internal website, intranet, and any mobile or table applications relating to any Steel Blue product or range as may exist from time to time as stated on steelblue.com, www.howlerboots.comor elsewhere; and
- any other means through which an individual provides personal information to Steel Blue, including either physically or electronically.
You may contact us with any queries you may have in respect of this Privacy Policy or your personal information by contacting Steel Blue's privacy officer via email: email@example.com or telephone: +61 8 9209 3322.
- Steel Blue is committed to safeguarding personal privacy. It recognises that you have a right to control how your personal information is collected and used. Providing personal information is an act of trust and it is taken seriously. Unless given consent to do otherwise, Steel Blue will only collect and use personal information as set out below.
- Throughout this Privacy Policy, we refer to your 'personal information', which means information which identifies you as an individual or which renders you reasonably identifiable. Your full name, gender, date of birth, home address, home telephone number, mobile telephone number, email address and workplace contact details are examples of information which may constitute personal information. Personal information may also include information we may collect about your individual preferences.
- Steel Blue has developed and implemented its Privacy Policy with respect to personal information to reflect world best practice on privacy policies. These principles meet and exceed the requirements of the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth) (as amended) and the 13 Australian Privacy Principles and the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of 2018, https://www.eugdpr.org/
- In order to keep up with changing legislation and best practice, we may revise this Privacy Policy at any time without notice. We will post any changes to this Privacy Policy on our Websites, so we encourage you to check this Privacy Policy from time to time.
- In addition to the provisions of this Privacy Policy, there may also be specific and additional privacy and consent provisions that apply to certain Collection Channels. Because those specific and additional provisions also relate to your privacy protection, we recommend that you review them wherever they appear. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of this Privacy Policy and those other specific and additional provisions, the specific and additional provisions will prevail.
- Where practicable, we will allow you to deal with us on an anonymous or pseudonymous basis. If this is practicable, our Collection Channels will only seek information in this way. However, where it is not practicable for the purposes for which information is collected, we will seek the information identified below.
- Personal information that may be requested includes:
- contact information such as your full name, telephone number, mobile telephone number, current and valid email address, residential address, region, suburb and postcode;
- your gender;
- testimonials about our products or services;
- complaint details;
- information regarding your employment including your company;
- information about your employment history and future plans, and documents relating to your employment;
- information regarding your education and qualifications;
- information about your experience with our products or services or third party products or services listed on a Website. This information is requested in order to tailor our subsequent communications to you and continuously improve our products and services;
- the contact details of third parties. If you are asked to provide details about other people, please ensure that these individuals are happy for their details to be given to Steel Blue and used for the purposes set out in this policy (which may include using their details for marketing purposes); and
- any other personal information which you provide directly to Steel Blue. Where you provide us with unsolicited personal information, we will retain this information where it falls within our primary purposes for collection of personal information (as stated in this Privacy Policy).
- We will only collect sensitive information with your consent. Where you provide us with any sensitive information (including, but not limited to, information about your medical and/or criminal history) in connection with what is requested by a Collection Channel, we will only use this information for the purposes stated on the Collection Channel. We do not retain this information in our database.
- Steel Blue will only collect or monitor any personal information about you with your consent including as provided in this Privacy Policy or if it is otherwise lawful to do so. The only personal information collected by us is what has been provided to us in accordance with this Privacy Policy or has been provided to us lawfully by third parties.
- Personal information may be collected (and combined) via our Collection Channels if you:
- have previously provided us with personal information prior to this Privacy Policy coming into effect, either directly from you personally or via a third party;
sign-up and/or register to become a member of any Collection Channel; - purchase a product or make an order via a Collection Channel;
- subscribe to any newsletters, updates, alerts or news and media releases, or request launch or event information or information about our products or services or other information services as well as third party products or services;
- complete and submit any forms to us;
- contact us directly in person or via any medium including mail, telephone, social media and commercial electronic messages (SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Message Service), IM (Instant Messaging) and email) including via the contact details listed on a Website;
- participate in any offers, promotions or marketing activities;
- provide us with any testimonial;
- interact with a Website for a specific purpose; or
- interact with or browse a Website generally.
- Personal information is requested in order to facilitate or provide you with certain content, products or services, and information about such content, products or services (including the uploading, access to, and receipt of content on a Website, and purchase transactions undertaken on a Website), marketing materials, newsletters, electronic newsletters (e-newsletters), news and media releases / launch information, and also to advise you of other Steel Blue or third party products, services, offers, competitions or events which may be of interest. No one is obligated to provide personal information. However, failure to do so may result in Steel Blue being unable to facilitate or provide you with certain content, products or services, products or services information, upcoming promotion, competition, offer or event information or accept competition entries (where applicable).
- Personal information will not be collected by any person who is known by Steel Blue to be under the age of fifteen (15) without the consent of a parent or legal guardian. Persons under age fifteen (15) may only use our Websites with the involvement and consent of a parent or legal guardian.
- We may use passive information collection and tracking technologies in HTML emails that we send to our visitors for a number of purposes including: to determine whether our visitors have opened or forwarded those emails and/or clicked on links in those emails; to customise the display of banner advertisements and other messages after a visitor has closed an email; and to determine whether a visitor has made an enquiry or a purchase in response to a particular email.
- Personal information collected will be used for the following primary purposes:
- For the purposes for which it was collected (as advised in this Privacy Policy).
- For the purposes stated in a privacy collection statement on a particular Collection Channel.
- To fulfil obligations in respect of any upload terms of use, sale and purchase contract and/or any other contract between you and Steel Blue;
- To provide you with information about your transactions (including uploading, access to, and receipt of content on a Website, and purchase transactions undertaken on a Website), content, services and products, to provide direct marketing materials, events, special offers, competitions and promotions in person and via any medium including mail, telephone and commercial electronic messages (SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service), IM (Instant Messaging), email) or any other form of electronic, emerging, digital or conventional communications channel.
- To maintain our relationship with you.
- To render services related to Steel Blue/Howler (such as enquiries).
- To provide you with newsletters via mail and electronic newsletters (e-newsletters) via commercial electronic messages.
- To respond to customer enquiries and/or complaints;
- To obtain opinions or comments about products and/or services.
- For the purposes described above, personal information may be shared with Steel Blue group companies, Steel Blue/Howler promotional partners and other trusted third parties (and their directors, servants and agents) either in Australia or overseas. Failure to provide personal information may result in Steel Blue being unable to provide you with certain content, information, upcoming promotion, event or product information and/or accept promotion entries (where applicable).
- In order to operate a Website or deliver a service (including for example, processing of credit card payments or delivery of promotions), personal information may also be shared with Steel Blue group companies, selected service providers and/or other trusted third parties either in Australia or overseas countries. Steel Blue group companies, selected service providers and/or other trusted third parties may be engaged by Steel Blue to perform a variety of functions, such as data storage, fulfilling orders, conducting market research, processing credit card payments, assisting with promotions and providing technical services for our Websites. These companies may have access to personal information if needed to perform such functions.
- Steel Blue/Howler recognises the trust with which you provide personal information, and except as stated in this Privacy Policy, such information will not be used or disclosed for any other purposes without consent. However, Steel Blue/Howler reserves the right to use or disclose any information, including personal information, as needed to satisfy any law, regulation or legal request, to protect the rights or property of Steel Blue, any member of the Steel Blue group, or any member of the public, to protect the integrity of a Website, to fulfil your requests, or to cooperate in any law enforcement investigation or an investigation on a matter of public safety.
- Steel Blue group companies (and their directors, servants and agents), Steel Blue promotional partners or trusted third parties (and other selected service providers and other non-Steel Blue companies or professionals) either in Australia or overseas, may contact you via telephone, SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service), IM (Instant Messaging), email, post or any other form of electronic, emerging, digital or conventional communications channel using the information provided in order to contact you in respect of the primary purposes for collection of personal information as stated above.
- Steel Blue does not send advertising or marketing information without obtaining prior consent, for example the consent contained within this Privacy Policy, or if it is otherwise lawful to do so. If you receive communications from Steel Blue which you do not wish to receive, you may remove your name from the database either by utilising the functional unsubscribe facility (if the communication is via commercial electronic message) or by contacting Steel Blue via email: firstname.lastname@example.com or telephone: +61 8 9209 3322. Please allow 30 days for this request to be processed.
- Steel Blue/Howler may provide areas on a Website where you can upload user-generated content, post or provide information about yourself, communicate with other users, provide reviews for content, products and/or services or interact with or vote on particular content. This information may be shared with others and may be publicly posted on our Websites, including without limitation, other social media platforms and other public forums in which you choose to participate. This information may become publicly available and may be read, collected and used by others outside of our Websites. Steel Blue is not responsible for the conduct of others who may read, collect and use this information.
- You have the right to access and review your personal information that may be recorded on the Steel Blue database. Information may be reviewed by contacting Steel Blue's privacy officer via email: firstname.lastname@example.com or telephone: +61 8 9209 3322. Please allow 30 days for this request to be processed.
- Information contained on the database may be amended, or your preferences for contact from us changed, by contacting Steel Blue's privacy officer via email: firstname.lastname@example.com or telephone: +61 8 9209 3322. Please allow 30 days for this request to be processed.
- In the same way, a request may be made to delete personal information, and all reasonable steps to delete the information will be made, except where it is required for legal reasons. Deletion of information may result in Steel Blue being unable to facilitate or provide you with information about certain transactions (including the uploading, access to, and receipt of content on a Website), other content, services or product information, upcoming promotion, competition or event information, and/or provide certain content, goods or services.
- We are not responsible for removing your personal information from the lists of any third party who has previously been provided your information in accordance with this policy.
- Steel Blue/Howler will endeavour to take all reasonable steps to keep secure any personal information recorded (including your credit card details), and to keep this information accurate, up to date, complete and relevant. The information is stored on secure servers that are protected in controlled facilities. This service may be performed on our behalf and data may be hosted by our selected data storage providers. In some cases these facilities may be overseas.
- In some cases, Steel Blue/Howler may disclose your personal information to overseas recipients. Steel Blue employees, data processors and other trusted third parties are obliged to respect the confidentiality of any personal information held by Steel Blue. However, security of communications over the Internet cannot be guaranteed, and therefore absolute assurance that information will be secure at all times cannot be given. Steel Blue will not be held responsible for events arising from unauthorised access to personal information.
- Our Websites may, from time to time, contain links to the websites of other organisations which may be of interest to you. Their inclusion cannot be taken to imply any endorsement or validation by us of the content of the third party website. Linked websites are responsible for their own privacy practices and you should check those websites for their respective privacy statements. Steel Blue is not responsible, nor does it accept any liability, for the conduct of companies linked to our Websites.
- All Websites operated by Steel Blue will adhere to this Privacy Policy.
- If Steel Blue/Howler merges with, or is acquired by, another company, or sells all or a portion of its assets, your personal information may be disclosed to our advisers and any prospective purchaser's adviser, and may be among the assets transferred. However, personal information will always remain subject to this Privacy Policy.
- With Google Analytics we measure how you use the steelblue.com and www.howlerboots.com websites. We use this knowledge to improve our website. In order to measure how you use our website, we enable Analytical Cookies. This Cookie comes from Google and is deleted after a maximum of 26 months. Google does not share anonymous data with third parties. Google Privacy Policy.
- Social Media & Remarketing
We use Profiling Cookies that allow us to see what products you are viewing on our website, to enable us to re-market to you. For example, we can show you relevant ads on Facebook. Without these Cookies, your personal offers will be missed. This Cookie comes from Facebook and is stored for a maximum of two years. Facebook does not share information with third parties. Facebook Privacy Policy. - Cookie Consent
The consent to use Cookies is lent by clicking on the ''Okay'' button located within the initial banner available on the Steel Blue website and can be revoked at any time. Cookies can be disabled within your browser settings.
- We use MailChimp as our email marketing platform. You have the opportunity to update some of your information by electing to update or manage your preferences via an email campaign that you have received from us. You can unsubscribe from a list via an email campaign that you have received from us. You may contact us to unsubscribe from all Steel Blue email campaigns by contacting the Steel Blue Privacy Officer via email: firstname.lastname@example.com or telephone: +61 8 9209 3322.
When you interact with a campaign from Steel Blue or browse our website, MailChimp may collect information about your device and interaction with the email by using cookies and tracking technology. For further information please see MailChimp Privacy Policy, and more specifically, Privacy for Contacts.
- If you have any questions about our Privacy Policy, or any problems or complaints about how we have collected, used, stored, handled and/or disclosed your personal information, please contact our privacy officer via one of the following channels:
Address: The Privacy Officer
18 Irvine Drive
Malaga WA 6090Telephone: +61 8 9209 3322 Email: email@example.com Please allow 20 working days for this request to be processed. If you do not receive a satisfactory response from Steel Blue to your query, problem or complaint within 20 working days, you may refer your query, problem or complaint to the Office of the Privacy Commissioner via the contact details listed at privacy.org.nz/about-us/contact.
Last revised: May 28, 2018.


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The size of Thailand's shipments of industrial robots is estimated to increase by 133 per cent from 2,131 units in 2013 to 7,500 units in 2018, according to Duangjai Asawachintachit, Secretary General of Thailand Board of Investment (BOI).
She added that value creation is the key focus in transforming Thailand under the Thailand 4.0 model. In the manufacturing sector, robotics and automation technology plays a key role in creating value — and that's why it has become a key player in the country's future.
Over the last three decades, Thailand has become a leader in the global automotive and electronics and electrical appliance industries, the two industries that mainly drive global robotics and automation growth. As the world's second-largest global producer and exporter of hard-disk drives and the world's sixth-largest commercial vehicle producer, Thailand has been using robotics and automation technology. With continuous adoption of such technology, it is now time for Thailand to go for more advanced technology to support the transformation of its economy under the Thailand 4.0 model.
"We now see many companies transitioning into industry 4.0, making use of artificial intelligence, big data management and the Internet of Things to seamlessly work together to exponentially increase both production and productivity," said Duangjai.
Over the past few years, manufacturers in Thailand have invested heavily in machinery and systems to increase the utilisation of automation system and remain competitive in the global manufacturing arena. In addition, 50 per cent of Thai manufacturers are considering the adoption of automation systems within 1-3 years while medium-sized businesses will be ready in 3-5 years, followed by small companies in five years or more. This development has opened greater opportunities in Thailand's robotics and automation industry.
While demand is constantly increasing, Thailand's infrastructure and ecosystem are ready to support the robotics and automation industry. The Thai government earlier announced that robotics and automation are two of the targeted future industries. To support this policy, educational institutions have provided support for research and development and human resource training.
The Institute of Field Robotics (FIBO) of King Mongkut's University of Technology, Thonburi, is offering undergraduate and graduate programmes in robotics and automation engineering. In 2015 alone, 76 universities and 83 vocational schools produced 82,259 graduates in engineering and related courses.
The BOI offers a wide range of tax and non-tax investment incentives for projects that meet national development objectives. The BOI offers up to eight years of corporate income tax on machinery and import duty for raw material for export production.
For projects related to assembling robots or automation equipment and/or automation parts, investors will enjoy five-year corporate tax exemption.
Those investing in robotics and automation in EEC area will also be given another 50 per cent corporate income tax reduction for another five years.
Meanwhile, other non-tax incentives include permission to bring in expatriates, own land and take or remit foreign currency abroad.
"Other than the manufacturing industry, social context also matters. Considering that Thailand aims to be the medical hub of Asia and that the country is rapidly becoming an ageing society, service robots that can be integrated with people's lifestyle are increasingly important," said Duangjai.
The country has seen more and more innovations in medical robotics. They include Fhasai, robot-assisted therapy for children with autism spectrum disorders; Dinsow, an elderly care robot; Sensible Tab, an arm rehabilitation robot; B-Hive, a pharmacy automation system to refill medicines at a rate of 20 seconds per prescription; and Bumbee, a medical dispenser robot. "We believe in the future of the robotics and automation industry and the benefits it will bring. In the end, we can expect more value being added to the Thai economy," she added.


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Please name us at (Toll Free) to guide on the telephone. When the mist rolling off the Pacific whispers your title, e book flights to San Francisco Stroll the hilly streets lined with Queen Anne houses, visit the busy waterfront Embarcadero, or watch the next massive idea take shape on the cusp of the Silicon Valley. It should sound fairly good, considering you can surf in a few of the world's greatest waves, as well as hang out at a monkey temple and drink as many Bintang beers as you need (possibly not at the similar time).


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Cosmetic Dentistry | Cosmetic Dentistry FAQ | Teeth Whitening | ZOOM® | Veneers
There's no reason to put up with gaps in your teeth or with teeth that are stained, discolored, badly shaped, chipped, or crooked. Today, a veneer placed on top of your teeth can correct nature's mistake or the results of an injury and help you have a beautiful smile. Veneers are a highly popular solution among dental patients because of their life-like tooth appearance.
Veneers are thin, custom-made shells crafted of tooth-colored materials (such as porcelain) designed to cover the front side of your teeth. To prepare for veneers, your doctor will create a unique model of your teeth. This model is sent to the dental technician to create your veneers. Before placing your new veneer, your doctor will remove a small amount of your tooth to make room for the veneer.
When placed, you'll be pleased to see that veneers look like your natural teeth and even resist staining. Though veneers are stain resistant, your doctor may recommend that you avoid coffee, tea, red wine, and tobacco to maintain the beauty of your veneer.


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Is it soup yet? That's the question that cooks and process control engineers must always ask and answer, and it leads to three follow ups—how good is my data? How soon can I get it? And, how much is it going to cost me?
Answering those questions is the goal, and meeting it is what the New Sampling/Sensor Initiative (NeSSI), its resulting ISA/ANSI SP76.00.02 standard, and its modular components reportedly do for process sampling systems. However, until now, there were few specific examples of NeSSI delivering its promised tens of percent improvements in installation time, reduced footprint and hardware, more efficient maintenance, fewer system leaks, better quality sampling data and greater uptime. Now a few end users and engineers finally are confirming the benefits gained by using this highly modular and reusable technology.
Aiding Installation, Maintenance
INEOS Nitriles in Green Lake, Texas, has always produced acrylonitrile, a monomer for making plastics and nylon products. This process historically requires continual sampling to help turn raw propylene, ammonia, acetone and butane into finished acrylonitrile, acetonenitrile, acetone cyanohydrin and MAH catalyst.
However, a global comparison of all INEOS' sites revealed in 2000 that Green Lake had two to four times as many analyzers as the chemical company's other sites, according to Michael Hoffman, INEOS' analyzer specialist. This high ratio of technicians to analyzer-unit-equivalents meant that proper maintenance might not be happening because staff had to spend too much time cleaning sample systems fouled by the analytical process, and manually performing tasks that should have been automated.
These problems inspired INEOS to seek and develop better sampling systems, which led it to the NeSSI and its SP76 standardized, flexible, reusable Generation 1 substrate and modules. Consequently, INEOS early adopted Swagelok's MPC NeSSI-compliant components, which allow complex component layering on its substrate. These components already have been operating for several years in a few sampling applications.
First, INEOS' engineers installed NeSSI modules and ¼-in. valves on two continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) panels. The first panel took two men seven days to demolish and assemble because of its complex design layout, while the second took the pair three days, and reduced the panel's footprint by 50%. One of the panels' sections shrank from 8 sq ft to just 2 in. x 14 in.
INEOS Nitriles implemented a high-volume bypass to reduce maintenance on its reactor off-gas system using Swagelok's MPC NeSSI-compliant substrate and modules.
Technicians also implemented NeSSI hardware on INEOS' reactor off-gas system (See Figure 1) that previously needed filters changed twice a week because its galvanic cells would foul easily. The techs built a high-volume bypass, which enabled conditioning only of samples going to the analyzer, and lengthened the time between filter replacements to 45 days to 60 days. The bypass also allowed line clearing without risking exposure to staff. Laser technology is used for 30-day calibration. Changing and calibrating filters takes less than 30 minutes. Though MPC was 7% to 10% more costly than traditional sampling components, the new off-gas system's installation was 50% faster, its footprint shrank by 50% and its required maintenance was reduced.
Next, after an unexpected hard failure of a primary gas analyzer, INEOS used its small, on-site inventory of MPC parts to help install a backup analyzer in just 2.5 hours. Hoffman says installing this many devices in such a short time would have been very difficult with traditional components.
Finally, INEOS also used a NeSSI-based optical flow cell developed by Applied Analytics Inc. to reduce the footprint of an optical measurement system to 1.6 in. x 7.75 in., which means it only requires an external flow controller. The facility also is integrating Horiba's mass flow controllers for liquid and gas and Emerson Process Management's flow controllers into its NeSSI systems.
"Despite these gains, there are still many people resisting and not wanting to consider NeSSI because they don't want to expose themselves to the potential that a new sampling system might not work," adds Hoffman. "However, the benefits outweigh the exposure, and there is no exposure and no problems if implementation is done properly upfront."
Analyzer Accuracy = Trust
Because butyl rubber manufacturing is a sensitive process and because traditional sample handling systems (SHSs) have accuracy problems, engineers are skeptical of the data they get from on-line moisture analyzers via distributed control systems (DCS), says Jamie Canton, analyzer specialist at Lanxess Inc..
For example, moisture analysis systems at Lanxess' butyl plant in Sarnia, Ontario, previously needed high flow rates and fast loops to deliver representative process parts per million (PPM) moisture conditions to the analyzer, but these rates also increased sample delivery lag times. This happened because high steam-trace energy was needed to prevent moisture absorption on the sample transport pipe wall, which caused subsequent steam-related failures and SHS and analyzer downtime. In addition, because operators could view the moisture analyzer's data via the DCS, but were blind to the SHS, they typically ordered manual inspections for both, which could take as long as six hours. "These time lags were extremely costly sometimes because moisture levels exceeded specification, resulting in poor product quality and extended plant downtime," explains Canton.
Then, while improving nine gas chromatographs (GCs) at the Sarnia plant, its engineers began seeking way to increase trust in their moisture analyzer's data and their confidence in acting on it. Lanxess' engineers subsequently selected NeSSI-based components, including Parker Hannifin's IntraFlow and R-Max air-actuated (DBB) stream switching system, which enabled remote validation and multi-stream analysis of one analyzer.
Canton adds that the plant's butyl moisture sampling system now includes two membrane separators to protect the analyzer from costly flooding due to heat-trace failures. Nitrogen reference gas is dried in an on-board desiccant drier, and is used for calibration and verification. A normally closed (NC) R-Max switch direct sample flow to the analyzer, while a normally open (NO) R-Max directs the standard reference to it. In addition, bypass and analyzer flow indication is performed by Honeywell Sensotec's 1 psig differential pressure (dP) sensors that measure pressure drops across restricted orifice plates. The sensor's transmitter sends a 4-20 mA output to the DCS to show flow conditions (See Figure 2).
Lanxess Inc. learned to trust the moisture analyzer in its butyl rubber process by securing better flow signal data with help from Parker Hannifin's NeSSI-based IntraFlow valve switches.
"Resulting high-quality bypass flow signals and 'OK to use analyzer data' signals from the DCS eliminated costly lab sample validations and reduced time that technicians previously spent checking properly functioning systems," says Canton. "Understanding signal limits and normal event signatures gave us benchmarks of normal operating conditions, so we've also established a library of abnormal condition signatures and corrective actions. Since start up the system has posted a 100% uptime record, and the analyzers' data is regarded as absolute and conclusive."
Canton adds the plant's new sampling system recently proved its worth when an unexpected moisture event was found by Lanxess' control operators, and they learned that the analyzer detected and reported the same uncharacteristic moisture condition via the analyzer's sample flow indicator over the DCS. "The operators reported this event would have caused a costly plant shutdown if it had happened before their new sampling tools were installed," he says.
[Editor's note: To read the online white paper, CLICK HERE.]


text:
Goodness – these guys are fast workers. Today someone left a comment on the ppinomore thread to say the website had been taken down. Just a few hours later, someone left another comment saying they got the same text, claiming there were owed £3350, but the website has changed to http://youhaveppi.com. This site was registered on Oct 3 this year (2012) – 14 days ago.
Clearly PPI claims are a profitable business. The website owners are in Malaysia.
If you get a text from these people, with a new web address, please leave a comment below with the web address. The previous post is the most commented on post on this site, with people adding the phone numbers these scam merchants were using.
As I said on the previous thread, they can't know how much you are owed for a PPI refund without you filling in the paperwork. Most of us are owed nothing – I never had PPI.
A little more research tells me that startppiclaim.com was also registered a few days ago to the same people.
If you get a similar text with a different domain name, let us all know. Leave a comment below with the domain name!
If you feel you are owed a refund for PPI insurance, this thread on the Money Saving Expert has all the info you need http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/reclaim/ppi-loan-insurance


text:
Jeremy Gibson authors book on game design, prototyping, and programming
CSE Lecturer Jeremy Gibson has authored a new book entitled "Introduction to Game Design, Prototyping, and Development," which has been published by Pearson as a part of their Addison-Wesley Game Design and Development Series.
The book represents the first time that the disciplines of design, prototyping, and development have been brought together into a single book. It is a distillation of knowledge Gibson collected teaching hundreds of game designers and developers in his years at the #1 university games program in North America. The book fully integrates the disciplines of game design and computer programming and helps readers to master the crucial practice of iterative prototyping using Unity. As the top game engine for cross-platform game development, Unity allows users to write a game once and deliver it to everything from Windows, OS X, and Linux applications to web pages and all of the most popular mobile platforms.
Jeremy Gibson is an independent game designer/developer who joined the CSE faculty as a Lecturer in 2013. This fall, he will be teaching both EECS 494 -Computer Game Design & Development and EECS 183 – Elementary Programming Concepts. From 2009-2013, Jeremy was an Assistant Professor teaching game design for the Interactive Media Division of the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts, which was named the #1 game design school in North America throughout that tenure. Jeremy has served the IndieCade Independent Games Festival since 2013 as its Chair for Education and Advancement, where he is responsible for the IndieXchange Summit and GameU conference tracks. He earned a BS in Radio, Television, and Film from the University of Texas in Austin in 1999 and an MET from Carnegie Mellon University's Entertainment Technology Center in 2007.
Jeremy has worked as a programmer and prototyper for companies such as Human Code and frog design, has taught classes for Great Northern Way Campus (in Vancouver, BC), Texas State University San Marcos, The Art Institute of Pittsburgh, Austin Community College, and The University of Texas at Austin, and has worked for Walt Disney Imagineering, Maxis, and EA/Pogo.com among others. His grad school team created the game Skyrates, which won the Silver Gleemax Award at the 2008 Independent Games Festival, and he has spoken at the Game Developers Conference seven times since 2009. Jeremy also apparently has the distinction of being the first person to ever teach game design in Costa Rica.


text:
Four Paws Allen's Spring Action Scooper for Grass (Regular)
This revolutionary scooper allows for pick up of animal waste single-handedly. Made of durable plastic with a wide handle for a comfortable grip. This mode features a jagged edge for easy pick up in grassy areas. Scooper means less bending and stooping. A must have for taking on walks.


text:
If you believe Margaret Wente, polar bears are not only thriving in Canada, their numbers have almost doubled since she wrote about their amazing blueberry-fuelled comeback a few years ago.
Today she writes: "There are about 25,000 polar bears across Canada's Arctic, according to Mr. Gissing".
But in an article on May 4, 2006 describing the abundant fat, happy bears who "adore blueberries" and are "so full of (them) they waddle" about, Wente nevertheless quoted the current accepted scientific data on their numbers, writing: "world polar bear population is estimated at between 22,000 and 24,000, of which two-thirds are in Canada".
Here she's closer; sixty percent of the world's polar bears live in Canada. Had she consulted the facts, (or even her earlier article), Wente would know that there are about 13,800 polar bears in Canada - a very far cry from 25,000, her figure today.
So which number would Ms. Wente and Globe and Mail like us to believe?
Wente cites Mr. Gissing, a wildlife employee with the Nunuvut government, who makes the astonishing claim of 25,000 polar bears in the Canadian arctic (perhaps in error – inserting a high global estimate for Canada's population). At any rate, researchers strongly disagree, as this Postmedia article makes clear:
"University of Alberta scientists Ian Stirling and Andrew Derocher say the population is neither as 'abundant' nor as 'healthy' as a Nunavut Inuit organization claimed last week when it used the preliminary results of a recent survey to justify an increase in the annual harvest
…polar bears of western Hudson Bay might be producing only 20-50 per cent as many cubs as they did 30 years ago when the bears had a month or more time to hunt seals on the sea ice.
…Now that global warming is forcing the bears to spend more time on land where there is virtually no food, females are on average 30 to 40 kilograms lighter than they were in the early 1980s and producing far fewer cubs... Those cubs that are born are now less likely than they were in the past to live beyond two years, the age at which they became independent adults".
"Stirling says he has the greatest respect for Inuit traditional knowledge and observations". But he is concerned with "a point of view that appears to be influenced largely by anecdotal evidence of more bears coming into the communities and hunting camps… not supported by scientific data on the size, survival rates, and reproductive success of the population."
He adds: "Canada's management has drifted from a precautionary sustainable approach that worked well for the last 40 years to one seeking maximum harvest levels with fewer safeguards".
CBC reports that "Drikus Gissing, director of wildlife with the Government of Nunavut, said the new numbers vindicate the Nunavut government's recent decision to increase the area's bear hunting quota".
And from the Globe and Mail: "Population figures are used to calculate quotas for hunting, a lucrative industry for many northern communities. Hunting polar bears is highly regulated but Inuit communities can sell their quota to sport hunters, who must hunt with Inuit guides. A polar-bear hunting trip can cost up to $50,000. Demand for polar-bear fur is also soaring in places like China and Russia and prices for some pelts have doubled in the past couple of years, reaching as high as $15,000".
Maybe the 10,000 or so polar bear extras are like Ms. Wente's 'Occupy' protester. Or perhaps the incredible number cited by Mr. Gissing and Ms. Wente is intended to increase the hunting quota, which, ironically, Wente credits in her 2006 article for some of the earlier population gains: "The polar bear population has rebounded since the early 1990s, when -- thanks to the environmental movement -- tight new restrictions were imposed on hunting".
As for Wente's suggestion that we focus on the people of Nunuvut, by all means. But it's worth observing that aside from her disparaging remarks about how their "neolithic culture cannot possibly give them a future", and her defense of the term "savages", it's difficult to find an article she's written about Innuit or First Nations peoples - at least one expressing concern or proposing solutions.
Update, January
22, 2013:
I don't know when The Globe and Mail finally issued a correction
about the number of polar bears in Canada, but someone pointed it out
recently. Including the major plagiarism
kerfuffle, that brings to about 8 the growing tally of Margaret Wente
corrections or Editor's notes obtained by this little blog.


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Marine Investigation Report M08M0062
Fireboat 08-448B
Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia
The Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB) investigated this occurrence for the purpose of advancing transportation safety. It is not the function of the Board to assign fault or determine civil or criminal liability. This report is not created for use in the context of legal, disciplinary or other proceedings. See Ownership and use of content.
Table of contents
On the morning of 17 September 2008 at approximately 1045 Atlantic daylight time, the Fireboat 08-448B capsized during training and familiarization exercises in Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia. All eight persons on board were recovered from the water by a Canadian Coast Guard rescue boat.
Factual information
Particulars of the vessel
Name | Fireboat 08-448B |
Hull identification number | MSV02328H809 |
Port of registry | not availableFootnote 1 |
Flag | not availableFootnote 1 |
Type | small vessel (fireboat) |
Gross tonnageFootnote 2 | 2.21 (not assigned)Footnote 3 |
Approximate dry weight | 4024 kg |
Length | 7.58 m (outside of the hull) |
Built | 2008, Harbor Guard Boats, Costa Mesa, California |
Propulsion | Two 250 BHP (186 kW) Mercury Verado outboard engines |
Persons on board | 8 |
Owner | Harbor Guard Boats, Costa Mesa, California |
Description of the vessel
The vessel was designed as a fireboat of composite fibreglass construction with a moulded, progressive deep V-hull, fitted with a pilot house with seating for four inside and for two outside on the after deck. Access to the pilot house is through two sliding doors, port and starboard. The hull below the main deck is subdivided by two non-watertight bulkheads separating the forward hold, the gas tank, and the inboard engine compartment. The lower deck is accessed through four watertight hatches. Two side platform dive doors are fitted in the port and starboard bulwarks.
All functions of the vessel, with the exception of the aft fire monitor, are controlled from inside the pilot house. The vessel is fitted with three gasoline engines: a pair of 250 horsepower (HP) outboards and a 315 HP inboard. The outboards are used for manoeuvring. The inboard can power the two fire monitors or the jet drive.
According to the tender document, the vessel was to be capable of operating "in 33 knot winds with 3 m waves, and ice up to one inch thick." It was to be constructed in accordance with applicable Canadian regulations.
History of the voyage
During the week of 15 September 2008, firefighters from the Halifax Regional Municipality's Fire and Emergency Services, Nova Scotia, were undergoing a series of half-day training and familiarization exercises on the fireboat they were soon to take over. Four such exercises were carried out on September 15 and 16. On September 17 at 0930,Footnote 4 four firefighters, a deputy fire chief, and a student assembled at the Dartmouth Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) base, where the vessel was berthed, and met with the vessel's manufacturing representative (serving as an instructor) and the local sales representative. Before departure, the instructor explained the vessel's equipment and systems. The firefighters asked if they were exceeding the load capacity of the vessel and were told that the capacity was not an issue.
At about 1000, the vessel departed its berth and proceeded into Halifax Harbour, where the instructor carried out a series of manoeuvres and demonstrated the vessel's capabilities, including operation of the fire pump and monitors. Following this, one of the firefighters took the controls to practise replicating the manoeuvres and operating the fire pump/monitors. The vessel proceeded toward the CCG base to drop off the deputy chief.
Because the firefighter at the controls had never docked the vessel before, a series of practice runs were initiated alongside a small buoy in Dartmouth Cove (see Appendix A). Following several runs, the firefighter moved the vessel ahead, put the wheel over to port, and slowly increased both throttles. After completing an estimated 90 degrees of a 180-degree turn, the vessel began to heel to port. The operator immediately pulled back on both throttles, but was instructed by the instructor to increase throttle. He complied, but the vessel continued to heel over, and before it had completed a 180-degree turn, the vessel rolled over and capsized.
Three crew members immediately surfaced, followed by the other five persons, who had been briefly trapped in the pilot house. A CCG officer on board the CCG cutter Sambro, which was docked nearby, noticed the capsized vessel and notified Halifax Marine Communications and Traffic Services (MCTS). The officer then took charge of a fast-rescue craft tied up at the CCG base and, with the assistance of several shore-based personnel, recovered all eight people from the water.
Damage to the vessel
The vessel, which was subsequently recovered, sustained extensive damage to the three engines, the control systems, and electronics. There was no apparent damage to the hull or superstructure.
Environmental damage
PollutionFootnote 5 from the capsizing was quickly dissipated through evaporation and wind/wave action. Impact to the environment was negligible.
Injuries to persons
All eight persons on board were transported to the CCG base for treatment. Injuries included water ingestion, mild hypothermia, and minor cuts and abrasions. None of the injuries were life threatening.
Vessel inspection and certification
The Fireboat 08-448B, which was in the process of being inspected by Transport Canada (TC),Footnote 6 had not received final certification for operation in Canada. At the time of the occurrence, a stability assessment had not been carried out on the vessel.
As a small vessel not exceeding 15 in gross tonnage, it was subject to the current Small Vessel Regulations, to the Construction Standards for Small Vessels (TP 1332)Footnote 7 and to the stability requirements of standard ISO 12217-1Footnote 8 of the International Standardization Organization (ISO), together with other applicable regulations.Footnote 9 Halifax Regional Municipality's Fire and Emergency Services, in consultation with TC, decided that the vessel would be assessed against design category C.
Such a vessel is designed for waves of up to 2 m (significant height) and a typical steady wind force of six on the Beaufort scale. These conditions may be encountered on exposed inland waters, in estuaries, and in coastal waters in moderate weather conditions. Winds are assumed to gust to 17 m/s (33 knots). The tender document specified that this vessel was to operate in 3 m seas.
Canadian regulations require a vessel of this size and type to comply with stability standards, but the data are not required to be submitted to TC for approval.
Personnel certification and experience
The firefighter at the controls of the vessel held a valid Pleasure Craft Operator Certificate, as required. The certificate was issued in 2003.
He had over 20 years of experience operating vessels including small pleasure boats, patrol boats, and rescue craft.
Weather conditions
The weather was sunny and clear. Winds were variable at five knots with calm seas; the air temperature was 18°C.
Lifesaving equipment
All crew members on board the vessel were wearing personal floatation devices (PFDs).
Post-occurrence observations
The investigation revealed the following:
- The engine kill switch had not been secured to the operator (via a "dead man's lanyard").
- The port and starboard outboard throttle settings were set at three-quarters ahead.
- Both outboard motors were in the amidships position.
- The inboard engine compartment hatch had not been closed and secured.
- The starboard pilot house door had been installed upside down.
- The average mass of the firefighters on board the vessel at the time of the occurrence was 94.5 kg .
- The bilge pump overboard, which was installed very close to the waterline, was not fitted with a non-return valve.
- The starboard engine appeared to be engaged ahead, although, because of the damage, this could not be verified.
- The port engine was disengaged.
Engine compartment bilges
Before departure on the morning of the occurrence, the bilges were checked and found to be dry. The bilge pump and high bilge level alarm had both been tested earlier. It is not known if the bilge pump was running. The high bilge level alarm was not heard. Although it is possible that water could have backflowed to the bilges through the overboard discharge, the location of both the bilge pump and high bilge alarm would allow only 5 cm of water to accumulate before activating. As the vessel was inherently trimmed by the stern, it was estimated that this 5 cm of water would equate to a volume of about 0.03 m³ . Calculations indicate that this would have had a negligible effect on the stability of the vessel.
Emergency egress
At the time of the occurrence, three of the crew members were on the stern, four were in the pilot house, and one stood in the open port door. When the vessel capsized, the three crew members on the stern swam clear of the vessel. Shortly thereafter, the crew member who had been standing in the doorway surfaced.Footnote 10 Those inside the pilot house quickly became disoriented as the buoyancy in their PFDs pinned them to the deck overhead. Attempts to open the closed starboard door were not successful, and one person discarded his PFD in order to escape. The remaining three eventually surfaced after exiting through the port door.
Pilot house doors
The two pilot house doors could be opened from the outside. They could also be opened from the inside via a flush-mounted door latch. To operate the latch, a user was required to place one or more fingers in a slot measuring 19 mm by 55 mm and push down (see photo 4 and photo 5). The starboard door, however, had been installed upside down; its latch therefore worked in the opposite direction—to open it, the user had to apply pressure upward. In addition, the lock for each door was adjacent to the finger slot. The lock switch was a left/right toggle requiring little effort to manipulate.Footnote 11 Once the lock switch was engaged, there was no sign or other visible indication that the door was locked.
During the pre-departure orientation session, crew members were not instructed on the use of the door latch system nor notified that the starboard door had been installed upside down.
Operator's manual
The operator's manual was not specific to this particular vessel. Rather, it was a manual produced for an earlier vessel with a different layout, equipment, and instrument/helm configuration. Although the manual contained information common to both vessels, many items specific to the Fireboat 08-448B were not addressed. An excerpt reads, in part:
The boat has been designed to safely carry the driver and up to six other persons, if the total carried weight does not exceed the maximum load capacity (see SPECIFICATIONS, page 2). Never exceed the load capacity.
The manual, however, contained no specifications as to the load capacity.
TSB post-occurrence activities
No accurate specifications or plans were supplied for the Fireboat 08-448B. A computerized model was produced and an inclining experiment was carried out to establish the vessel's lightship characteristics. Various conditions of loading were prepared and used to simulate vessel stability at the time of the occurrence.Footnote 12 Stability was then assessed against international and Canadian standards set out in two respective documents: ISO 12217-1 and the Stability, Subdivision, and Load Line Standards (TP 7301).Footnote 13
Furthermore, given the engine power available and the fact that the vessel was manoeuvring at the time of the occurrence, the vessel's stability was also assessed in order to compare the heeling moment created by the engine thrust against the vessel's righting moment.
ISO 12217-1 sets out four possible design categories based on expected operating environments:
Design category | A | B | C | D |
Wave heightFootnote 14 (up to) | Approx. 7 m | 4 m | 2 m | 0.5 m max. |
Typical Beaufort wind force | Up to 10 | Up to 8 | Up to 6 | Up to 4 |
Calculation wind speedFootnote 15 ( m/s ) | 28 | 21 | 17 | 13 |
To be assigned any of these four design categories, a vessel's stability is assessed against a maximum of eight different tests/requirements:
- downflooding openings
- downflooding height
- downflooding angle
- offset load test
- resistance to waves and wind
- resistance to waves
- heel due to wind action
- floatation
These tests, except the ones for the resistance to waves and wind, the resistance to waves, and the offset load test, provide an indication of the vessel's resistance to taking on water. The tests for the resistance to waves and wind and the test for the resistance to waves, which provide an indication of the stability reserve based on the area under the righting lever curve, are applicable only to design categories A and B. The offset load test provides an indication of vessel stability at loaded displacement against offset distribution of the crew. The assessment of vessel stability in accordance with ISO standards is based on an average mass of 75 kg per person.
Small commercial vessel fleet
A previous TSB investigationFootnote 16 noted that there are approximately 50 000 small commercial vessels operating in Canada.Footnote 17 As of April 2009, TC indicated that 32 353 of these had been licensed or registered (gross tonnage of 15 or less).
The number of small vessels assessed to the ISO 12217-1 standard is not available. Although section 5.2.1 of the Construction Standards for Small Vessels (TP 1332) requires that "All power driven vessels shall meet the requirements of ISO 12217-1," there is no obligation to have the stability assessment submitted for approval.
History of stability requirements for small vessels
Over the years, TC has made progress toward a comprehensive regulatory framework for small vessels.
In 1974, TC published a version of Construction Standards for Small Vessels (TP 1332) that did not contain stability provisions and was to be used only for guidance. In 1975, TC published Stability, Subdivision, and Load Line Standards (TP 7301). This document, which is based on international recommendations on stability criteria developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), contains a series of stability standards for various types of vessels including, for example, Stab 4 (for Fishing Vessels), Stab 5 (for passenger vessels carrying more than 12 passengers), and Stab 6 (for non-passenger vessels and passenger vessels carrying not more than 12 passengers).
Between 1978 and 1995, there were numerous modifications to the Small Vessel Regulations; none of these, however, made stability requirements mandatory. In 1995, therefore, TC began discussions with various marine stakeholders aimed at implementing an acceptable mandatory standard.
In the late 1990s, changes to the Canada Shipping Act led to new inspection requirements for many small vessels and, in 1999, TC established an interim programFootnote 18 aimed at moving small passenger vessels toward compliance with regulation requirements. In 2001, TC compared the ISO stability standards to those of the United States Code of Federal Regulations and the United Kingdom's Code for Small Vessels. Although the ISO requirements were generally found to be less stringent, a number of benefits were identified with adopting the ISO standards, including:
- the Canadian maritime industry would move toward harmonization with international standards;
- flexibility would be allowed by matching design/construction characteristics with operational environments;
- the industry request for a national standard providing minimum level of safety would be met; and
- a majority of small vessels would need only minor modifications to become compliant.Footnote 19
In April 2005, the stability and buoyancy standards of ISO 12217-1 were adopted in their entirety and made mandatory for new vessels built on or after 01 April 2005. The standards for existing small vessels remained voluntary and less specific,Footnote 20 despite the later publication of Ship Safety Bulletin (SSB) 07/2006, which provided various options against which stability could be assessed.Footnote 21
Assessment According to ISO 12217-1 – Crew of Four
The assessment calculations first assumed a crew of four (the standard complement for a typical fire station) as identified in Table 2, and then with a crew of six (the number of seats on board) as identified in Table 3, as a fully decked vessel.
Design categories | A | B | C | D | |
Criteria | Actual values | ||||
Downflooding openings | Not less than 0.2 m (or otherwise compliant with ISO 9093) | Not less than 0.2 m (or otherwise compliant with ISO 9093) | 0.03 m for discharge bilge pump and not compliant with ISO 9093 | ||
Minimum downflooding height using Annex A (m) or using Figures 2 and 3Footnote 22 (m) |
0.5 0.5 |
0.4 0.446 |
0.4 0.446 |
0.4 0.379 |
0.442 0.442 |
Minimum downflooding angle (degrees) | 31.2 | 25 | 20 | 6.2 | 28.6 |
Maximum offset load angle (degrees) | 17.4 | 17.4 | 6.2 | ||
Resistance to waves and wind (Newton-metres-degrees) | A2 > A1Footnote 23 | A2 > A1 | n/a | n/a | A1 > A2 |
Resistance to waves, where angle of maximum righting moment < 30 degrees, maximum righting moment not less than (kN-m), and maximum righting lever not less than (m) |
750 / ØGZ max. = 29.41 6 / ØGZ max. = 0.24 |
210 / Ø GZ max. = 8.24 6 / ØGZ max. = 0.24 |
n/a | n/a | 5.78 0.13 |
Heel due to wind action | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Note: Items in bold represent ISO 12217-1 standards that were not met.
As initially constructed, the vessel did not meet any of the possible design categories because the height of the through-hull fitting to the bilge pumpFootnote 24 was too near the waterline. However, as this opening could easily be modified (for instance, by the addition of a non-return valve), it was discounted and the assessment proceeded with the consideration of other possible downflooding openings located in the inboard face of the moulded bulwark.Footnote 25 These included the engine compartment vents aft and forward, and the bilge blower vent. The height of the bilge blower vent was 0.442 m and was therefore exempt from having to comply with ISO 9093.Footnote 26
The following results were found:
Downflooding Height
Two methods could be used: a normative method from Annex A of ISO 12217-1, or formulae based on boat length (see figures 2 and 3 of ISO 12217-1). Compliance with either one of these tests provides compliance with the test requirement. In the first case, with the vessel in minimum operating condition, the height of the bilge blower vent satisfied the requirements for design categories B, C, and D. Using the second method, the vessel satisfied only design category D.
As a result, the vessel met design categories B, C, and D for the downflooding height.
Downflooding Angle
The vessel was assessed in the minimum operating condition. The angle of downflooding for the bilge blower vent was 28.6 degrees. As such, it complied with the requirements for design categories B, C, and D.
Offset Load Angle
The vessel was assessed in the loaded displacement condition against offset loading by the crew, and the heel angle corresponding to the maximum heeling moment was 6.2 degrees. The angle of downflooding for the bilge blower vent was 26.2 degrees, which exceeded the requirement of 17.4 degrees for all design categories.
Resistance to Waves and Wind
This was assessed only in the minimum operating condition, and the curve of righting moment was established up to the angle of downflooding for the bilge blower vent (28.6 degrees). The righting moment and the wind heeling moment curves were plotted on the same graph and the areas between these were compared. For design categories A and B, area A2 had to exceed area A1. In this case, for design category B, the values of A2 and A1 were about 44 826 Newton-metres-degrees and 107 776 Newton-metres-degrees, respectively. For design category A, the difference was even greater. This aspect of the vessel, therefore, did not meet this requirement for design categories A and B.
For design categories C and D, this test was not applicable.
Resistance to Waves
The maximum righting moment is 5.78 kN-m, which does not meet the requirement for design categories A and B. In addition, the righting lever at 30 degrees was 0.13 m , which does not meet the minimum requirement of 0.24 m .
For design categories C and D, this test was not applicable.
Heel Due to Wave Action
The windage area of the hull and the deckhouse, compared to the length and breadth of the hull, was such that this test was not required for this vessel.
As tested—with a crew of four—the vessel met the criteria for design categories C and D. As such, the operating environment would consist of significant wave height of up to 2 m and a typical steady wind force of six or less on the Beaufort scale. These conditions would typically be encountered on exposed inland water, in estuaries, and in coastal waters in moderate weather conditions. Winds are assumed to gust to 17 m/s (33 knots).
The vessel, however, was tendered to operate in seas of up to 3 m and, potentially, could have been assessed against design category B.
Following this, calculations were repeated—this time for a crew of six persons (the number of seats aboard). Vessel stability was assessed against all of the same tests/requirements, with the exception that the downflooding angle and the resistance to waves and wind were assessed in both the minimum operating condition and in the loaded displacement condition. This was due to the ratio between the loaded displacement mass and the mass of the vessel in the minimum operating condition being greater than 1.15.
In this second set of calculations, the mass of the crew, the maximum total load, and the loaded displacement mass were 450 kg , 820 kg , and 4844 kg , respectively.
Assessment according to ISO 12217-1 — Crew of six
Design Categories | A | B | C | D | |
Criteria | Actual Values | ||||
Downflooding openings | Not less than 0.2 m |
Not less than 0.2 m |
0.01 m for discharge bilge pump and not compliant with ISO 9093 | ||
Minimum downflooding height using Annex A (m) or using Figures 2 and 3 (m) |
0.5 0.5 |
0.4 0.446 |
0.4 0.446 |
0.4 0.379 |
0.426 0.426 |
Minimum downflooding angle (degrees) | 34.3 | 25 | 20 | 9.3 | 25.0 |
Maximum offset load angle (degrees) | 17.4 | 17.4 | 9.2 | ||
Resistance to waves and wind |
A2 > A1Footnote 27 | A2 > A1 | n/a | n/a | A1 > A2 |
Resistance to waves, where angle of maximum righting moment < 30 degrees, |
750 / ØGZ max. = 33.0 6 / ØGZ max. = 0.26 |
210 / ØGZ max. = 9.25 6 / ØGZ max. = 0.26 |
n/a | n/a | 5.23 0.11 |
Heel due to wind action | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Note: Items in bold represent ISO 12217-1 standards that were not met.
With a crew of six, the vessel's stability meets the tests/requirements for design categories C and D.
Although the displacement of the vessel with six persons on board and that at the time of the occurrence were the sameFootnote 28—and within the overall parameters set by ISO 12217-1—the load distribution of eight persons on deck resulted in a reduction of the vessel's stability.
Assessment according to the stability, subdivision, and load line standards (TP 7301) — Various crews and conditions
Vessel stability was also assessed against the criteria found in Stab 6Footnote 29for the following conditions:
- No. 2: Maximum load as per ISO 14946 (fuel 98 per cent), crew of four, and no waves
- No. 4: Maximum load as per ISO 14946 (fuel 98 per cent), crew of six, and no waves
- No. 6: At the time of the occurrence, crew of eight firefighters, fuel 25 per cent, and no waves
- No. 7: At the time of the occurrence, crew of eight firefighters, fuel 25 per cent, and waves of 0.5 mFootnote 30,Footnote 31
- No. 8: Maximum load as per ISO 14946 (fuel 98 per cent), crew of four, and wavesFootnote 32
Actual values from conditions | ||||||
Minimum requirements |
No. 2 | No. 4 | No. 6 | No. 7 | No. 8 | |
Metacentric height (GM) upright (m) | 0.15 | 0.42 | 0.37 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.42 |
Righting arm at 30 degrees (m) | 0.2 | 0.12 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.03 |
Absolute angle at maximum righting arm (degrees) | 25 | 23.6 | 22.7 | 20.4 | 0 | 31.8 |
Area from 0 to 30 degrees or flood (m-degrees) | 3.15 | 2.19 | 1.83 | 1.03 | 0 | 0.11 |
Area from 30 to 40 degrees or flood (m-degrees) | 1.72 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Area from 0 to 40 degrees or flood (m-degrees) | 5.15 | 2.19 | 1.83 | 1.03 | 0 | 0.19 |
Note: Items in bold are not compliant with Stab 6 standards.
The corresponding results for conditions Nos. 2 and 4, with a crew of four and six, respectively, show that the vessel's reserve stability would decrease with the loading and that the area under the righting lever (GZ) curve (between 0 and 30 degrees) would represent 70 per cent and 58 per cent, respectively, of the corresponding Stab 6 requirement.
In condition No. 6, the through-hull fitting to the bilge pump was submerged. Moreover, although the vessel's limit of positive stability was 38 degrees, the angle of downflooding for the bilge blower vent was 24 degrees. Other than the minimum metacentric height, none of the criteria of Stab 6 were met. Therefore, at the time of the occurrence and according to this calculation, the vessel had very limited reserve stability.Footnote 33
In condition No. 7, the vessel would heel in beam waves, flood, and then capsize before regaining equilibrium.
In condition No. 8, with waves on the starboard beam, although sea conditions alone would not be enough to capsize the vessel, the area under the GZ curve (between 0 and 30 degrees) would be only 4 per cent of the corresponding Stab 6 requirement. As such, the vessel would roll severely and its marginal stability would put it in a vulnerable condition.
Loading condition Nos. 2 and 4 are based on an average mass of 75 kg per person, while loading condition Nos. 6, 7, and 8 are based on the average mass of the firefighters on board the vessel at the time of the occurrence, which was 94.5 kg .
In summary, the stability calculations for the vessel at the time of the occurrence (condition No. 6) compared to the ISO standard (condition No. 4) show that, although the displacements were the same, there was a reduction in overall stability. A comparison of the righting arm curves for the two load conditions indicates that there was a 21 per cent reduction in the metacentric height and about a 44 per cent reduction in the area under the righting arm curve.
Assessment while under power
Following the assessments against the criteria from both ISO 12217-1 and the Stability, Subdivision, and Load Line Standards (TP 7301), and given the available engine power and the fact that the vessel was manoeuvring at the time of the occurrence, a third assessment of the vessel's stability—while it was under power—was carried out. This third assessment took into consideration the location of the propellers and the attachment of the engines to the transom, in addition to the speed of the vessel just before capsizing, the turning angle, and the thrust used while manoeuvring. (Note that, as the investigation was unable to determine the turning angle, calculations were generated for a variety of angles between 10 and 22 degrees.Footnote 34)
Assuming that each outboard engine was capable of producing 250 HP (186 kW), calculations show that 71 per cent of the maximum power would be sufficient to overcome the vessel's righting moment at a turning angle of 10 degrees. This would drop to just 48 and 33 per cent of maximum power for turning angles of 15 and 22 degrees, respectively.
In addition, the minimum power required for the engines to create a heeling moment sufficient to overcome the maximum righting moment would be 178 HP , 120 HP , and 83 HP (per engine), assuming that the engines were forming an angle of 10, 15, and 22 degrees, respectively, with the centreline of the vessel. This meant that the two outboards possessed sufficient combined thrust to capsize the vessel.
Therefore, although it might be sufficient under normal circumstances to assess vessel stability using current standards, for vessels with significant engine power, consideration should be given to the effect of this power on vessel stability while manoeuvring.
Adequacy of international standardization organization standards
Regulations and standards are expected to provide a satisfactory and reliable level of safety. According to the Canada Shipping Act, the safe operation of a vessel is the responsibility of its owner/operator and, to this end, Fireboat 08-448B was undergoing the inspection and certification process so as to comply with all applicable rules and regulations. It was the future owner's expectation that, upon completion of this process, the vessel would be stable and safe to operate within the given environmental conditions/parameters.
TC defines stability as "the measure of [a vessel's] ability to withstand high winds, waves, and other forces resulting from its operations (lifting, trawling, towing, etc.) and resist capsizing by returning to an upright position after being heeled over."Footnote 35 However, there exists a discrepancy between the thoroughness of this definition and the corresponding requirements for vessels as set out in TC 's Small Vessel Regulations, which, as of 01 April 2005, set ISO 12217-1 as the only applicable standard for new vessels.
For example, although vessels in design categories A and B are assessed according to an indication of their stability characteristicsFootnote 36 in various expected operating conditions, those in design categories C and D—including the Fireboat 08-448B—are not. Instead, the "basic concept" used for vessels in design categories C and D is a vessel's "resistance to taking on water."Footnote 37 This, though, is less an assessment of stability than one of watertight integrity, and such an assessment does not provide more indicative stability criteria as found, for instance, in the more conventional standards of Stab 6. In this occurrence, the vessel capsized in conditions considerably less rigorous than those listed in category C (or even in category D).
A vessel's expected operating conditions, therefore, are only one of the many factors that can affect stability. The Construction Standards for Small Vessels (TP 1332) acknowledges this, noting that "multihulls, inflatable craft, vessels carrying cargo over 1000 kg , and vessels built or converted for towing, dredging, or lifting" are excluded.Footnote 38 Emergency response vessels in particular require significant powering, thrust, and manoeuvrability, and will often include auxiliary features such as fire monitors, side platform dive doors, towing bitts, and rescue hoists. Each of these features may have a significant impact on intact stability, which the ISO 12217-1 standard does not address. The Construction Standards for Small Vessels (TP 1332) makes no mention of engine thrust. Neither the TSB nor TC is aware of any stability standard that considers the engine thrust as a factor to be taken into consideration when evaluating static stability (with the exception of some criteria for towing based on the bollard pull).
Moreover, Stab 6 can still be applied for small vessels constructed before 01 April 2005 (and offers a greater indicator of stability and overall safety). This creates a situation whereby older vessels can be assessed against a comprehensive standard in lieu of ISO 12217-1, but newer vessels cannot.
Therefore, assessing the stability of small vessels against ISO standards contained in the Construction Standards for Small Vessels (TP 1332) alone may be insufficient.
Validity of standard weight
Current ISO standards are based on an average mass of 75 kg per person. Statistics, however, show that the average mass of Canadian males 20 years of age and over is 81.5 kg .Footnote 39 These figures are similar in the United States. In this occurrence, the average mass of the eight persons on board the vessel was 94.5 kg .
The TSB has addressed this issue previously in the marine and air modes. Following the 2003 fire and sinking of the small fishing vessel Silent Provider, the Board cited a "strong probability" that the margin of safety provided by the 75 kg standard could be inadequate.Footnote 40 Subsequent to the fatal crash of Georgian Express Flight 126Footnote 41 in January 2004, the Board recommended a re-evaluation of the standard weights for passengers and carry-on baggage, adding that these be "adjusted for all aircraft to reflect current realities."Footnote 42
The stability of small vessels has been shown to be sensitive to the weight and distribution of people on board; however, this key parameter used to evaluate the stability of small vessels continues to be based on a less-than-average value. As a result, vessels continue to be assessed against unrealistic operating conditions.
Engine kill switch
The engine kill switch (also known as the "dead man's lanyard") was not attached to the operator (see Photo 6). The purpose of such a lanyard is to stop the engines if the operator leaves the controls. Although the lanyard had been used during the training sessions earlier in the week, because the seas were calm on the morning of the accident, it was not used. Moreover, although in this occurrence both engines stopped immediately upon capsizing, not using this safety device could lead to a situation where engines continue to run with no operator.
Outboard motor position and throttle setting
When the vessel began to heel to port, the instructor told the operator to increase throttle. This may explain why the three-quarter throttle setting (see Photo 7) and the amidships motor position conflict with reports that the vessel was in the midst of a slow, relatively tight turn at the time of the capsizing. It is also possible that the throttles were inadvertently pushed forward as the vessel decelerated while capsizing. The clutches were electrically controlled, and the investigation concluded that the port engine disengaged during the capsizing.
Engine compartment hatch
Upon recovery of the vessel, the inboard engine compartment, which had been closed but not properly secured (see Photo 8), was observed to be open. Such a practice can compromise the watertight integrity of the hull as water is shipped on board during heavy weather or aggressive manoeuvring.
Pilot house doors
Following the capsizing, crew members within the pilot house found it difficult to locate the door latch and open the starboard door. Whether this was due to the upside-down installation, difficulty in locating the relatively tiny finger slot, a lack of familiarity with its use, or because the door had been inadvertently locked is impossible to ascertain.
All crew members eventually managed to exit the pilot house (albeit with difficulty). Under different circumstances—for example, had the port door been closed—their escape could have been further delayed or even prevented.
Operator's manual
The operator's manual supplied with the fireboat was incomplete and did not provide important vessel-specific information with respect to the vessel's load capacity. The manual stated that the vessel could safely carry seven persons, provided the load capacity was not exceeded; however, at the time of the occurrence, there were eight persons on board.
Without knowing the load capacity, there was no way for the operator to determine whether the boat was safe to operate.
Findings as to causes and contributing factors
- In its departure condition, the vessel had limited reserve stability due to its load distribution on deck.
- The vessel capsized when the engine thrust created a heeling moment sufficient to overcome the vessel's righting moment during a slow turn to port.
Findings as to risk
- The stability standards of International Standardization Organization's ISO 12217-1, Small Craft—Stability and Buoyancy Assessment and Categorization, and the Construction Standards for Small Vessels (TP 1332) lack some risk factors that may have an impact on small vessel stability. Small vessels that are assessed solely against these standards may meet the criteria yet have insufficient stability.
- ISO standards that do not reflect a realistic average mass per person allow vessels to be assessed against unrealistic operating conditions.
- Without sufficient vessel-specific information in an operator's manual, a user may load a vessel beyond the maximum recommended load.
- A bilge pump overboard discharge mounted very close to the waterline and not fitted with a non-return valve can allow downflooding.
- Unsecured compartment hatches can compromise the watertight integrity of the hull as water is shipped on board during heavy weather or aggressive manoeuvring.
- Engine kill switches not used in conjunction with a "dead man's lanyard" allow engines to continue running with no operator.
- Differing door installations combined with easily engaged locks and the difficulty in manipulating door latches, or a lack of familiarity with their use, could delay or prevent emergency exit.
Safety action
Action taken
On 20 March 2009, after learning that the City of Winnipeg, Manitoba, may be operating a vessel similar to the Fireboat 08-448B, the TSB issued Marine Safety Advisory 01/09. This safety advisory summarizes the details of the occurrence and notes that the combination of the fireboat's limited inherent stability and the use of engine thrust during a tight turn may have been a factor in the capsizing. The safety advisory also states that the Winnipeg Fire and Paramedic Service may wish to have its own vessel's stability assessed to ensure that it is safe.
Transport Canada has proposed new Small Vessel Regulations and published them in the Canada Gazette, Part I, on 25 April 2009. The proposed regulations require that the stability of a small commercial vessel built on or after 01 April 2005 be adequate to safely carry out its intended operations and that the owner demonstrate this adequate stability upon request. Transport Canada is now reviewing comments from stakeholders and interested parties. Final approval and publication of the regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part II, is expected in early 2010.
This report concludes the Transportation Safety Board's investigation into this occurrence. Consequently, the Board authorized the release of this report on .


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Be the Street is shaping up! We now have five community partners in Hilltop working with us to create small performance ensembles: CleanTurn Enterprises, Hilltop YMCA, Our Lady of Guadalupe Center, West High School, and Westland Flea Market.
At CleanTurn, with support (and occasional participation) from their President and CEO John Rush, about half a dozen women have been working with OSU Theatre graduate student deviser Aviva Neff and OSU Theatre faculty Shilarna Stokes to explore their creativity. Because the space is small and the women are tired after a long day of cleaning work, the exercises for this group tend to involve less physical exertion. For instance, one day Shilarna drew the outline of a house on a white-board and members of the group took turns drawing their favorite rooms – real or imaginary – in the house. One woman drew her dream kitchen, with details including cabinets and even cabinet handles. Another day, Aviva led the women in an exercise in which the children, who sometimes accompany their mothers, were sent outside to gather materials for an art installation. Equipped with rocks, leaves, feathers, and other natural objects, the women then created life stories symbolized through objects, which Aviva calls "Lifelines."
"The goal is to re-create this project a little further down the road with more objects, potentially as an installation performance," Aviva said.
The director of the Our Lady of Guadalupe Center, Ramona Reyes, warmly welcomed OSU faculty member Paloma Martínez-Cruz and graduate students this fall. Reyes participated along with nine women and one intrepid man in two performance workshops led by OSU graduate students Celia Martínez-Sáez (Department of Spanish & Portuguese) and Sydney Varajon (English Department, specialization in Folklore Studies), as well as faculty members from the Department of Spanish & Portuguese, Martínez-Cruz, Elena Foulis, and me (joint appointment with Spanish & Portuguese and Theatre).
Two images in particular have stuck with me from the workshop in which I participated on November 30. While staging short scenes from our lives, one of the participants, Alma, attempted to contort her body into the shape of an old-fashioned telephone so that another participant Tita could "answer" it. This provoked much laughter from the group. In a more realistically staged scene, Elena and Sydney crouched behind chairs, their faces peaking over the tops of the chair-backs, playing kids on Christmas Eve trying to stay awake to see Santa. Jesús played the tree, holding a paper plate with a star drawn it over head. "No te duermas!" [Don't fall asleep] Elena repeated over and over as first Sydney's eyes closed and then her own. At the end of the scene, Elena keeled over on her side, sound asleep.
Mártinez-Cruz also reached out to West High School this fall, where the performance and Spanish language teachers could not have been more kind or supportive. During the workshop that I attended on November 14, band director Jochen Mcevoy stood in a circle alongside his students, Paloma, and OSU graduate student John Cruz. Along with everyone else, he wriggled his hips during the warm up and bopped up and down from the floor while playing a theater game we learned from the Albany Park Theatre Project training last summer, Pessoa-Cabana-Tempestade [Person-Cabin-Tempest]. In this game, which APTP borrowed from the Brazilian theater artist Augusto Boal, two people form a steeple by standing face-to-face and palm-to-palm. The pessoa huddles under the improvised roof. If the caller calls "pessoa," only the people under the roofs run. Cabanha: the people making the roof over the crouching people, the pessoas, run and reorganize over other people. Tempestade: We all get up run around, wave our arms, go crazy, do whatever we like for a moment before re-grouping as cabins.
West High's Theater Teacher Chris Ray also encouraged several of his students to participate in the workshop. The band and theater students exuded energy and commitment to the exercises. We broke up into two groups of four to stage little scenes around the completion of the phrase, "One day in high school…" Our group staged, "One day in high school… I wanted to stage a musical, I was distracted, I was angry, I was bullied." We all spoke at once, figured out our ideas, and finally settled on starting with a can-can chorus line while we sang "let's all get along" or something along those lines. One person broke off from the line and looked around as if distracted. Another broke away and stalked off as if angry. Finally we all came back into a huddle to gang up on John, "hitting" and "kicking" him, and shouting insults.
Another group came up with four different individual stories rather than a single group scene. The one that remains with me seemed funny in a dark, absurd sort of way: "One day in high school I fell down a flight of stairs." A young man stands before a "flight of stairs" formed by the bodies of the other three group members. The stairs are formed by the outstretched hands of people of various heights who kneel before him. The young man falls into a loose forward roll over the hands, picks himself up, looks around as if to make sure that no one saw him fall, then walks away in a self-consciously nonchalant manner.
At the Westland Flea Market our first workshop, on November 3, almost didn't happen because we had only one participant, 14-year-old Jackie, who accompanies her parents to the Flea Market on weekends to help with their wedding and quinceañera business. For one reason or another, the four other Flea Market teens who had indicated interest in theater workshops all had last-minute other things to do that day. Yet I remembered that Albany Park Theatre Project founder and Artistic Director David Feiner had told us about how his first theater workshops in a park on Chicago's northwest side had only a single participant. During our first Flea Market workshop, led by OSU Theatre graduate student Josh Truett and Hilltop community member and library staff Crysti Donavan, Jackie had the full of attention of five adults: Josh, Crysti, Elena Foulis, Annette Jefferson (a retired drama teacher from Hilltop who was there to gather information on the project for a local newspaper), and me. From a name-game, I learned something new: Jackie's parents got the idea for her name from a Mexican television personality.
Yet the birthday game was the highlight of that workshop for me. We broke up into three pairs. Each member of the pair took a turn telling the other a story about their birthday – a story about either a very good birthday or a bad birthday. The pair found three poses to represent that birthday. First, we demonstrated the poses for the full group to get participants' reactions to what they saw; then each group revealed the story behind the poses. Jackie's story was about a birthday during which she had to work and got into an argument with her mother. During one memorable pose, she sat and held her face in her hands, as if hiding her tears.
Thankfully, subsequent workshops at the Flea Market have attracted more teen participants.
At the Hilltop YMCA, OSU Department of Dance graduate student Katherine Moore and Department of English graduate student Tessa Jacobs (specialization in Folklore Studies) have been taking classes with senior citizens with an eye toward designing their own movement class for seniors. They will teach the class starting in January. Barbara Camfield, the senior program coordinator at the Hilltop YMCA, has helped introduce Katherine and Tessa to the Y's community.
Finally, Westland Flea Market owners Lora and Dale Zinn have been extremely generous with their space, allowing us to conduct workshops on the premises and to plan for a performance that will bring together all of the groups.


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ITEM: Handcrafted Solid Teak Wood Modified Hotel Console Table Furniture
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Franz Fiedler (1885 – 1956) was born in Prostějov, near Olomouc in Moravia. A pupil of Hugo Erfurth, he was regarded as an eccentric during his apprenticeship in Pilsen; he worked in 1905 and again in 1912 with Rudof Dührkoop in Hamburg, and from 1908 to 1911 again with Erfurth in Dresden. At the 1911 world exhibition in Turin he won first prize and had another exhibition in Prague in 1913. He belonged to the circle of Jaroslav Hašek and Egon Erwin Kisch, and in 1916 married Erna Hauswald in Dresden where he occupied a studio at Sedanstraße 7.
From 1919, and coincidental with his friendship with Madame d'Ora (Dora Kallmus, of Vienna who was later to move to Paris) he began to work with a 9×12 folding camera and in 1921 first published 'Narre Tod, Mein Spielgesell' (Fool Death, My Playmate). Originally a portfolio of 8 photographs, by final publication in 1924-25 it had apparently been appended to include an original drawing and an additional 3 photos.
By 1924 he had become one of the first professional photographers to use a Leica. After expanding his studio in 1925, he took part in the exhibition "Film und Foto" in Stuttgart.
His publication on the city of Dresden, conceived in the spirit of Die Neue Sachlichkeit, was one of the first illustrated works created according to new principles of photography. It marks a turning point in his work, in the same series as Sasha Stone's more famous 'Berlin in Bildern' published by Adolf Behne. Their work was the subject of a newer show in 2006/2007 in the Berlinischen Galerie.
Fiedler's studio was destroyed on 13 February 1945. All that was left was a box with photographs for exhibition which was deposited with his family in Moravia. After 1945 he did not have his own studio and earned a living in the GDR as author of books on photography.