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2. Naming Scheme used in mxTools2
3. Automatic Installation as Python Built-ins and sys-module Functions3
The mxTools package is a collection of helpers and new built-ins that we collected over time.
Most of the functions are written in C with performance in mind. Many of them have inspired Python built-ins that are now standard part of the language itself, either as built-ins or as part of e.g. the itertools module.
The functions defined by the package are installed by the package at import time in different places of the Python interpreter. They work as fast add-ons to the existing set of functions and objects.
mxTools uses the following naming scheme:
● i stands for indexed, meaning that you have access to indices
● m stands for multi, meaning that processing involves multiple objects
● n stands for n-times, e.g. a function is executed a certain number of times
● t stands for tuple
● x stands for lazy evaluation
Most of the functions defined by this package are installed as Python built-in functions or added to the Python sys module at package import time.
They are then available as normal built-in functions in every module without explicit import in each module using them (though it is good practice to still put a 'import mx.Tools.NewBuiltins' at the top of each module relying on these add-ons).
Note that Python 2.2 introduced a few built-ins having the same name as the ones installed by mxTools. mxTools does not overwrite these, so the semantics you get are those of the Python built-in APIs. Fortunately, the differences are only minimal.
The package defines the following functions.
The following functions are installed as new Python built-ins upon importing mx.Tools.
acquire(object,name), mx.Tools.acquire(...)
Looks up the attribute name in object.baseobj and returns the result. If object does not have an attribute .baseobj or that attribute is None or the attribute name starts with an underscore, an AttributeError is raised.
This function can be used as .__getattr__() hook in Python classes to enable implicit acquisition along a predefined lookup chain (object.baseobjprovides a way to set up this chain). See Examples/Acquistion.py for some sample code.
attrlist(object_list,attrname), mx.Tools.attrlist(...)
Returns a list of all attributes with name attrname found among the objects in the list.
binary(object), mx.Tools.binary(object)
Alias for buffer(object).
boolean(object), mx.Tools.boolean(object)
Alias for truth(object).
Note that Python 2.2 comes with its own bool() constructor which provides the same functionality as this API.
count(condition,sequence), mx.Tools.count(...)
Counts the number of objects in sequence for which condition returns true and returns the result as integer. condition must be a callable object.
datetime(object), mx.Tools.datetime(object)
Alias for mx.DateTime.DateTimeFrom(object). This requires mxDateTime to be installed.
WARNING: Python 2.3 comes with its own datetime() constructor which creates a datetime object type that behaves differently than mxDateTime objects. This built-in is not automatically installed in Python 2.3 and above.
defined(name), mx.Tools.defined(...)
Returns true iff a symbol name is defined in the current namespace.
The function has intimate knowledge about how symbol resolution works in Python: it first looks in locals(), then in globals() and if that fails in __built-ins__.
dict(items), mx.Tools.dict(items)
Constructs a dictionary from the given items sequence. The sequence items must contain sequence entries with at least two values. The first one is interpreted as key, the second one as associated object. Remaining values are ignored.
Note that Python 2.2 comes with its own dict() API, so this built-in is not automatically installed in Python 2.2 and above.
exists(condition,sequence), mx.Tools.exists(...)
Return 1 if and only if condition is true for at least one of the items in sequence and 0 otherwise. condition must be a callable object.
extract(object,indices[,defaults]), mx.Tools.extract(...)
Builds a list with entries object[index] for each index in the sequence indices.
If a lookup fails and the sequence defaults is given, then defaults[nth_index] is used, where nth_index is the index of index in indices (confused ? it works as expected !). defaults should have the same length as indices.
If you need the indices as well, try the irange function. The function raises an IndexError in case it can't find an entry in indices or defaults.
findattr(object_list,attrname), mx.Tools.findattr(...)
Returns the first attribute with name attrname found among the objects in the list. Raises an AttributeError if the attribute is not found.
forall(condition,sequence), mx.Tools.forall(...)
Return 1 if and only if condition is true for all of the items in sequence and 0 otherwise. condition must be a callable object.
get(object,index[,default]), mx.Tools.get(...)
Returns object[index], or, if that fails, default. If default is not given or the singleton NotGiven an error is raised (the error produced by the object).
ifilter(condition,object[,indices]), mx.Tools.ifilter(...)
Builds a list of tuples (index,object[index]) such that condition(object[index]) is true and index is found in the sequence indices (defaulting to trange(len(object))). Order is preserved. condition must be a callable object.
index(condition,sequence), mx.Tools.index(...)
Return the index of the first item for which condition is true. A ValueError is raised in case no item is found. condition must be a callable object.
indices(object), mx.Tools.indices(object)
Returns the same as tuple(range(len(object))) -- a tad faster and a lot easier to type.
invdict(dictionary), mx.Tools.invdict(dictionary)
Constructs a new dictionary from the given one with inverted mappings. Keys become values and vice versa. Note that no exception is raised if the values are not unique. The result is undefined in this case (there is a value:key entry, but it is not defined which key gets used).
irange(object[,indices]), mx.Tools.irange(...)
Builds a tuple of tuples (index,object[index]). If a sequence indices is given, the indices are read from it. If not, then the index sequence defaults to trange(len(object)).
Note that object can be any object that can handle object[index], e.g. lists, tuples, string, dictionaries, even your own objects, if they provide a __getitem__-method. This makes very nifty constructions possible and extracting items from another sequence becomes a piece of cake. Give it a try ! You'll soon love this little function.
iremove(object,indices), mx.Tools.iremove(...)
Removes the items indexed by indices from object.
This changes the object in place and thus is only possible for mutable types.
For sequences the index list must be sorted ascending; an IndexError will be raised otherwise (and the object left in an undefined state).
lists(sequence), mx.Tools.lists(sequence)
Same as tuples(sequence), except that a tuple of lists is returned. Can be used as inverse to tuples().
mapply(callable_objects[,args=(),kw={}]), mx.Tools.mapply(...)
Creates a tuple of values by applying the given arguments to each object in the sequence callable_objects.
This function has a functionality dual to that of map(). While map() applies many different arguments to one callable object, this function applies one set of arguments to many different callable objects.
method_mapply(objects,methodname[,args=(),kw={}]), mx.Tools.method_mapply(...)
Creates a tuple of values by applying the given arguments to each object's <methodname> method. The objects are processed as given in the sequence objects.
A simple application is e.g. method_mapply([a,b,c],'method', (x,y)) resulting in a tuple (a.method(x,y), b.method(x,y), c.method(x,y)). Thanks to Aaron Waters for suggesting this function.
napply(number_of_calls,function[,args=(),kw={}]), mx.Tools.napply(...)
Calls the given function number_of_calls times with the same arguments and returns a tuple with the return values. This is roughly equivalent to a for-loop that repeatedly calls apply(function,args,kw) and stores the return values in a tuple. Example: create a tuple of 10 random integers... l = napply(10,whrandom.randint,(0,10)).
reverse(sequence), mx.Tools.reverse(sequence)
Returns a tuple or list with the elements from sequence in reverse order. A tuple is returned, if the sequence itself is a tuple. In all other cases a list is returned.
reval(codestring[,locals={}]), mx.Tools.reval(...)
Evaluates the given codestring in a restricted environment that only allows access to operators and basic type constructors like (), [] and {}.
No built-ins are available for the evaluation. locals can be given as local namespace to use when evaluating the codestring.
After a suggestion by Tim Peters on comp.lang.python.
setdict(sequence,value=None), mx.Tools.setdict(...)
Constructs a dictionary from the given sequence. The sequence must contain hashable objects which are used as keys. The values are all set to value. Multiple keys are silently ignored. The function comes in handy whenever you need to work with a sequence in a set based context (e.g. to determine the set of used values).
sign(object), mx.Tools.sign(object)
Returns the signum of object interpreted as number, i.e. -1 for negative numbers, +1 for positive ones and 0 in case it is equal to 0. The method used is equivalent to cmp(object,-object).
sizeof(object), mx.Tools.sizeof(object)
Returns the number of bytes allocated for the given Python object. Additional space allocated by the object and stored in pointers is not taken into account (though the pointer itself is). If the object defines tp_itemsize in its type object then it is assumed to be a variable size object and the size is adjusted accordingly.
trange([start=0,]stop[,step=1]), mx.Tools.trange(...)
This works like the built-in function range() but returns a tuple instead of a list. Since range() is most often used in for-loops there really is no need for a mutable data type and construction of tuples is somewhat (20%) faster than that of lists. So changing the usage of range() in for-loops to trange() pays off in the long run.
range_len(object), mx.Tools.range_len(object)
Returns the same as range(len(object)).
truth(object), mx.Tools.truth(object)
Returns the truth value of object as truth singleton (True or False). Note that the singletons are ordinary Python integers 1 and 0, so you can also use them in calculations.
This function is different from the one in the operator module: the function does not return truth singletons but integers.
tuples(sequence), mx.Tools.tuples(sequence)
Returns much the same as apply(map,(None,)+tuple(sequence)) does, except that the resulting list will always have the length of the first sub-sequence in sequence. The function returns a list of tuples (a[0], b[0], c[0],...), (a[1], b[1], c[1],...), ...with missing elements being filled in with None.
Note that the function is of the single argument type meaning that calling tuples(a,b,c)is the same as calling tuples((a,b,c)). tuples() can be used as inverse to lists().
These objects are available as built-ins after importing the package:
NotGiven, mx.Tools.NotGiven
This is a singleton similar to None. Its main purpose is providing a way to indicate that a keyword was not given in a call to a keyword capable function, e.g.
import mx.Tools.NewBuiltins
def f(a,b=4,c=NotGiven,d=''):
if c is NotGiven:
return a / b, d
return a*b + c, d
It is also considered false in if-statements, e.g.
import mx.Tools.NewBuiltins
a = NotGiven
# ...init a conditionally...
if not a:
print 'a was not given as value'
True, False, mx.Tools.True, mx.Tools.False
These two singletons are used by Python internally to express the boolean values true and false. They represent Python integer objects for 1 and 0 resp. All explicit comparisons return these singletons, e.g. (1==1) is True and (1==0) is False.
Note that Python 2.2 comes with its own True and False singletons, so these built-ins will not automatically installed in Python 2.2 and above. Fortunately, the ones used in Python 2.2 are the same as used by mxTools, so no changes to existing code are necessary.
The following functions are installed as add-ons to the built-in sysmodule.
sys.cur_frame([offset=0]), mx.Tools.cur_frame([offset=0])
Return the current execution frame. If level is given, the returned frame is taken from offset levels up the execution stack. None is returned in case the frame is not found, i.e. there are not enough frames on the stack.
Note: Storing the execution frame in a local variable introduces a circular reference, since the locals and globals are referenced in the execution frame, so use the return value with caution.
sys.debugging([level]), mx.Tools.debugging([level])
If level is given, the value of the interpreter's debugging flag is set to level and the previous value of that flag is returned. Otherwise, the current value is returned.
You can use this function to check whether the interpreter was called with '-d' flag or not. Some extensions use this flag to enable/disable debugging log output (e.g. all the eGenix.com mx Extensions).
sys.interactive([level]), mx.Tools.interactive([level])
If level is given, the value of the interpreter's interactive flag is set to level and the previous value of that flag is returned. Otherwise, the current value is returned.
You can use this function to e.g. have the interpreter go into interactive mode when an exception occurs, even though the interpreter was not started with -i. Python has to be started in a terminal session for this to be helpful.
sys.makeref(id), mx.Tools.makeref(id)
Provided that id is a valid address of a Python object (id(object) returns this address), this function returns a new reference to it. Only objects that are "alive" can be referenced this way, ones with zero reference count cause an exception to be raised.
You can use this function to reaccess objects lost during garbage collection.
USE WITH CARE:this is an expert-only function since it can cause instant core dumps and many other strange things -- even ruin your system if you don't know what you're doing !
SECURITY WARNING:This function can provide you with access to objects that are otherwise not visible, e.g. in restricted mode, and thus be a potential security hole.
sys.optimization([level]), mx.Tools.optimization([level])
If level is given, the value of the interpreter's optimization flag is set to level and the previous value of that flag is returned. Otherwise, the current value is returned.
You can use this function to e.g. compile Python scripts in optimized mode even though the interpreter was not started with -O.
sys.verbosity([level]), mx.Tools.verbosity([level])
If level is given, the value of the interpreter's verbosity flag is set to level and the previous value of that flag is returned. Otherwise, the current value is returned.
You can use this function to e.g. enable verbose lookup output to stderr for import statements even when the interpreter was not invoked with '-v' or '-vv' switch or to force verbosity to be switched off.
The following functions are not installed in any built-in module. Instead, you have to reference them via the mx.Tools module.
Dictionary scanner.
Returns a tuple (key,value,position) containing the key,value pair and slot position of the next item found in the dictionaries hash table after slot prevposition.
Raises an IndexError when the end of the table is reached or the prevposition index is out of range.
Note that the dictionary scanner does not produce an items list. It provides a very memory efficient way of iterating over large dictionaries.
mx.Tools.dlopen(libname[, mode])
Load the shared library libname using the given mode.
This function is a direct interface to the Unix dlopen() function which allows loading arbitrary shared libraries into the process. mode defaults to the Python default dlopen flags (these can be set using sys.setdlopenflags()).
libname may include a relative or absolute pathname of the shared library. If no path is included in the libname, the standard system linker strategy for finding shared libraries is used, which usually means looking on the LD_LIBRARY_PATHand then in the ld.so cache.
The advantage of using this function lies in the possibility to provide the full path to the shared library, ie. you don't have to rely on a properly configured LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable (which cannot be set after process start).
Raises an OSError in case of an error while loading or search for the shared library.
mx.Tools.fqhostname(hostname=None, ip=None)
Tries to return the fully qualified (hostname, ip)for the given hostname.
If hostname is None, the default name of the local host is chosen. ip then defaults to '127.0.0.1' if not given.
The function modifies the input data according to what it finds using the socket module. If that doesn't work the input data is returned unchanged.
mx.Tools.scanfiles(files, dir=None, levels=0, filefilter=None)
Build a list of filenames starting with the filenames and directories given in files.
The filenames in are made absolute relative to dir. dir defaults to the current working directory if not given.
If levels is greater than 0, directories in the files list are recursed into up the given number of levels.
If filefilter is given, as re match object, then all filenames (the absolute names) are matched against it. Filenames which do not match the criteria are removed from the list.
Note that directories are not included in the resulting list. All filenames are non-directories.
If no user name can be determined, default is returned.
Set the process title to title.
Note that the title length is usually limited to what the original process title was at start-up time. The function will truncate the given title as necessary.
This function is disabled per default since it relies on a
hidden API in the Python interpreter which is not always exposed. If
you would like to use it, please edit the egenix_mx_base.py
configuration and enable the line ('HAVE_PY_GETARGCARGV', None). If you get
import errors from mx.Tools, chances are high that your Python
version does not support the hidden API. It is known to work with
Python 2.1 - 2.6.
Converts a textual representation of integer numbers and ranges to a Python list.
Supported formats: "2,3,4,2-10,-1 - -3, 5 - -2"
Values are appended to the created list in the order specified in the string.
Return the user name of the user running the current process.
If no user name can be determined, default is returned.
Compares two version strings and returns a cmp() function compatible value (< returns -1,== returns 0,> returns +1). The function is useful for sorting lists containing version strings.
The logic used is as follows: the strings are compared at each level, empty levels defaulting to '0', numbers with attached strings (e.g. '1a1') compare less than numbers without attachment (e.g. '1a1' < '1).
The following objects are not installed in any built-in module. Instead, you have to reference them via the mx.Tools module.
Creates a forward iterator for the given dictionary. It is based on mx.Tools.dictscan().
The dictionary scanner does not produce an items list. It provides a very memory efficient way of iterating over large dictionaries.
Note that no precaution is taken to insure that the dictionary is not modified in-between calls to the .__getitem__()method. It is the user's responsibility to ensure that the dictionary is neither modified, nor changed in size, since this would result in skipping entries or double occurrence of items in the scan.
The iterator inherits all methods from the underlying dictionary for convenience.
The returned object inherits all methods from the underlying dictionary and additionally provides the following methods:
Resets the iterator to its initial position.
Is an alias for mx.Tools.DictScan().
A few simple examples:
import mx.Tools.NewBuiltins
sequence = range(100)
# In place calculations:
for i,item in irange(sequence):
sequence[i] = 2*item
# Get all odd-indexed items from a sequence:
odds = extract(sequence,trange(0,len(sequence),2))
# Turn a tuple of lists into a list of tuples:
chars = 'abcdefghji'
ords = map(ord,chars)
table = tuples(chars,ords)
# The same as dictionary:
chr2ord = dict(table)
# Inverse mapping:
ord2chr = invdict(chr2ord)
# Range checking:
if exists( lambda x: x > 10, sequence ):
print 'Warning: Big sequence elements!'
# Handle special cases:
if forall( lambda x: x > 0, sequence ):
print 'Positive sequence'
print 'Index %i loses' % (index( lambda x: x <= 0, sequence ),)
# dict.get functionality for e.g. lists:
print get(sequence,101,"Don't have an element with index 101")
# Filtering away false entries of a list:
print filter(truth,[1,2,3,0,'',None,NotGiven,4,5,6])
More elaborate examples can be found in the Examples/ subdirectory of the package.
Entries enclosed in brackets are packages (i.e. they are directories that include a __init__.py file) or submodules. Ones with slashes are just ordinary subdirectories that are not accessible via import.
Importing mx.Tools will automatically install the functions and objects defined in this package as built-ins. They are then available in all other modules without having to import then again every time. If you don't want this feature, you can turn it off in mx/Tools/__init__.py.
eGenix.com is providing commercial support for this package. If you are interested in receiving information about this service please see the eGenix.com Support Conditions.
© 1997-2000, Copyright by IKDS Marc-André Lemburg; All Rights Reserved. mailto: firstname.lastname@example.com
© 2001-2011, Copyright by eGenix.com Software GmbH, Langenfeld, Germany; All Rights Reserved. mailto: email@example.com
This software is covered by the eGenix.com Public License Agreement, which is included in the following section. The text of the license is also included as file "LICENSE" in the package's main directory.
By downloading, copying, installing or otherwise using the software, you agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of the following eGenix.com Public License Agreement.
Version 1.1.0
This license agreement is based on the Python CNRI License Agreement, a widely accepted open-source license.
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text:
{Please click on the RAK button above to be re-directed to our Book Soulmates Store on Amazon. You can find all your favorite titles there and add them to your shopping cart.}
We sent:
Blood Magic by Tessa Gratton TO Lindsay from The Violet Hour
Blood Red Road by Moira Young TO Carrie from Stalking The Bookshelves
Lover Mine by JR Ward TO Mariya from Mystifying Paranormal Reviews
Anna & The French Kiss by Stephanie Perkins TO Jessie from Remarkable Reads
The Monster Book of Zombies TO Ashley the Bookish Brunette
We received:
Thank you Brenna from Esther's Ever After for Bloodlines by Richelle Mead
Thank you Jen from Fictitious Musings for the ARCs of Afterlife by Claudia Gray & Die For Me by Amy Plum
Thank you Jennifer the RainMaiden for Touched By An Alien, Breaking Point, Sweetest Little Sin, & The Truth About Lord Stoneville
Wow!! What an amazing month...so much bookish love!!
Thank you ALL who participated by sharing the love of reading with others. We couldn't have asked for better bloggy friends!
Now who's ready to do it all again in October? ;-)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Filo (phyllo) dough is a kind of dough pressed in many thin layers. It is at the heart of Bulgarian cooking. It is used to make banitza, tikvenik, baklava and many other pastries.
Contains 10-12 sheets.
This is a frozen item (see the "Frozen Item" information below and Shipping of Perishable Items), however Filo Dough can survive without refrigeration for several days.


text:
It's a stereotype, but many of us have made the assumption that scientists are a bit rigid and less artistic than others. Artists, on the other hand, are often seen as being less rational than the rest of us. Sometimes described as the left side of the brain versus the right side – or simply logical thinking versus artistic creativity – the two are often seen as polar opposites.
Neuroscience has already shown that everyone uses both sides of the brain when performing any task. And while certain patterns of brain activity have sometimes been linked to artistic or logical thinking, it doesn't really explain who is good at what – and why. That's because the exact interplay of nature and nurture is notoriously difficult to tease out. But if we put the brain aside for a while and just focus on documented ability, is there any evidence to support the logic versus art stereotype?
Psychological research has approached this question by distinguishing between two styles of thinking: convergent and divergent. The emphasis in convergent thinking is on analytical and deductive reasoning, such as that measured in IQ tests. Divergent thinking, however, is more spontaneous and free-flowing. It focuses on novelty and is measured by tasks requiring us to generate multiple solutions for a problem. An example may be thinking of new, innovative uses for familiar objects.
Studies conducted during the 1960s suggested that convergent thinkers were more likely to be good at science subjects at school. Divergent thinking was shown to be more common in the arts and humanities.
However, we are increasingly learning that convergent and divergent thinking styles need not be mutually exclusive. In 2011, researchers assessed 116 final-year UK arts and science undergraduates on measures of convergent and divergent thinking and creative problem solving. The study found no difference in ability between the arts and science groups on any of these measures. Another study reported no significant difference in measures of divergent thinking between arts, natural science and social science undergraduates. Both arts and natural sciences students, however, rated themselves as being more creative than social sciences students did.
Going With the Flow
Studies have actually revealed considerable overlap in the cognitive processes supporting both scientific and artistic creativity. The psychological concept of "flow", pioneered by Mihály Csíkszentmihályi in the 1990s, describes a state of consciousness where one is completely absorbed and energised while performing an activity. Flow experience has been strongly linked to peak performance in many artistic and creative domains.
Research in my own group has investigated flow during visual creativity, finding that the experience can be increased by a positive mood. We also found that people who experienced flow were more likely to rate their own productions as being creative. However, flow is not restricted to artistic pursuits. It can also be experienced during activities focused on science. One study asked junior scientists to collaborate on dictating a research article and half of those participating reported that they experienced flow-like states during the dictation process.
There is also substantial overlap in the use of visualisation and mental imagery during scientific and artistic thinking. Great scientists such as Albert Einstein, Michael Faraday and Nikola Tesla all reported that they used mental imagery when describing their thought processes. Studies have also found that mental imagery plays a central role during the construction and evaluation of many scientific "thought experiments", in which a scientist mentally assesses the implications of a particular hypothesis.
Perhaps more obviously, such mental imagery also features strongly in musical composition, painting and architectural design .
The Power of Stereotyping
Convergent and divergent thinking abilities aren't necessarily innate. A recent study on creative stereotypes asked individuals to complete a divergent thinking task while adopting the perspective of either an "eccentric poet" or a "rigid librarian".
Those who imagined being an "eccentric poet" performed significantly better on the creative task than those who imagined being a "rigid librarian", suggesting that the activation of stereotypical views on creative thinking can enhance or inhibit individuals' performance.
Despite such preconceptions of the ways in which logical and unstructured thinking styles are related to creativity, it is not difficult to find examples of individuals who do not fit the stereotype. Albert Einstein was a keen musician who enjoyed playing the piano and violin while Nobel Prize-winner Richard Fenyman worked as an artist using the pseudonym "Ofey". Musicians Brian May, Brian Cox and Greg Graffin all completed science PhDs.
Case studies of scientists engaging in art and vice versa are often presented as being unusual. However, psychologists recently conducted a comprehensive review of the extent to which Nobel Prize winners in the sciences, members of the Royal Society and US National Academy of Sciences, and members of the US public reported engaging in arts and crafts-based pursuits. They found that members of the Royal Society and National Academy of Sciences were almost twice as likely to report engaging in arts and crafts pursuits as the general public. Eminent Nobel laureate scientists were almost three times more likely to report such activities.
These findings clearly show that the stereotypical view that scientists and other logical thinkers are less likely to be artistic or creative fall wide of the mark. As Einstein himself noted: "The greatest scientists are artists as well".
This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.


text:
- Description
LEGO® Harry Potter™ 4 Privet Drive (75968) takes kids into one of the most infamous houses in all the Harry Potter movies.
Toy house with Minifigures and magical movie scenes
Harry Potter fans will have endless fun with Harry, Ron Weasley™, Dudley Dursley, Vernon Dursley, Petunia Dursley, and Dobby™ Minifigures. They'll enjoy imaginative play all over the fully equipped 2-story house, including locating Harry's secret cupboard under the stairs and activating the flood of Hogwarts™ acceptance letters through the letter box.
Collectible Harry Potter flying car toy
The magical excitement continues outdoors when Ron appears at the upstairs window with the flying Ford Anglia. Kids open the trunk to attach a chain to its hook and, very soon, the window is dragged off and Harry escapes!
Choosing the best Harry Potter gift
If you're looking for the best children's toy, LEGO Harry Potter gifts offer endless imaginative fun with collectible Minifigures and amazing features.
- Kids can recreate all the incredible events that happen at the Dursley family home in Privet Drive and, with so many Minifigures and fun features to inspire them, create endless Harry Potter™ adventures of their own.
- Includes 6 minifigures – Harry Potter™, Ron Weasley™, Dudley Dursley, Vernon Dursley, Petunia Dursley, and Dobby™ – Hedwig™ the owl, a flying car with opening roof, doors and trunk, plus loads of authentic accessories.
- LEGO® Harry Potter™ 4 Privet Drive (75968) recreates lots of exciting movie scenes, including Harry's cupboard under the stairs, mail pouring in from the fireplace, and Harry's escape in the flying Ford Anglia.
- This dollhouse playset will engage and entertain boys and girls aged 8 and up. The collectible building toy inspires imaginative stories and role-playing games with Minifigures and more from the Harry Potter™ movies.
- The house measures over 6" (17cm) high, 6" (16cm) wide, and 4" (12cm) deep, and the car is over 4" (12cm) long. The large scale and authentic detail make this playset ideal for display as well as hands-on play.
- This collectible Harry Potter™ children's building toy doesn't need batteries. Kids can enjoy hands-on fun, playing anywhere, anytime, independently, or with friends and family.
- Simple, clear instructions are provided to ensure kids can build and play without delay. And as they explore the dollhouse set, young imaginations will be inspired to dream up endless imaginative play possibilities.
- LEGO® Harry Potter™ toys make great gifts for kids wanting the best way to bring the movies to life! Filled with favorite characters, creatures, and locations, LEGO Harry Potter playsets put the magic into kids' hands.
- LEGO® playsets meet the highest industry standards, which means every building brick is consistent, compatible and connects and pulls apart perfectly every time – no need for magic! – and it's been that way since 1958.
- You can rely on LEGO® bricks and pieces to be absolutely safe for your child. They are dropped, heated, crushed, twisted, and analyzed to ensure they meet the highest safety standards in the world.
- Retired in 2023


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The Tryon area has been known as "Horse Country" for almost a century. People here take their equine economy seriously, it's a major source of jobs. Drought conditions and the economy have forced many horse owners into a predicament of how to feed their families and their horses.
So the Hay Pledge was born. Horse owners and hay growers "pledge" 10 bales of hay if asked — unless their supplies are too low to share. Calls for assistance are confidential. Some 500 bales have been delivered in 2012, but winter is coming and that number will go up significantly.
Libbie Johnson is Director of Economic Development for Polk County. She listens to WNCW.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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1513 Jump Start Plan is a short term, dramatic weight loss diet that allows you to lose weight quickly! It's a great way to drop the weight and start a longer lasting lifestyle change. There are medical studies that show the more weight you lose during the first 2 – 4 weeks the better chance you have of keeping it off at one year!
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Our beautiful Lake Anna Wall Art is the perfect complement to your waterfront house décor! This 2-level wood map is laser engraved into Baltic Birch and finished with our popular rustic pine frame.
- BEAUTIFUL COASTAL WALL DÉCOR: The gallery quality look and feel of Sea & Soul's Lake Anna Wall Art make it stand out as the finishing touch and conversation piece in your cozy coastal cottage or rustic lake house hideaway. Hang individually or select a few of our nautical wood charts to create a collage of all your favorite destinations! Framed 13×16 pieces stand on their own so this size is also perfect as a mantle or bookshelf accent.
- UNIQUE PERSONALIZED GIFTS: Handcrafted unique gifts perfect for your favorite fisherman or for anyone who loves Virginia! They also make the perfect thank you gift for a wonderful weekend by the water. Or an anniversary gift – 5th Anniversary is the gift of wood!
- HANDCRAFTED IN THE USA: From rendering the intricate drawings on the West Coast of Florida to crafting the 3D wood maps and frames in our wood shop in rural Wisconsin, our Lake Anna Wall Art is handcrafted completely & proudly in the USA. As the longest running manufacturer of bathymetric art in the country, we design all our products along with the way they are produced. This unique ability allows us to offer a variety of products found exclusively at Sea & Soul!
- INTRICATE LASER PRECISION: Our graphic artist renders the nautical 3D wood maps of the Lake Anna using a combination of maps. The laser then cuts and engraves the wall art in beautiful detail. Our wood workers hand stain each chart and assemble with the water one level below the shoreline. The frame is made of 1" solid Pine – finished frame size measures 13″x16″. The Pine is harvested by the Amish of Wisconsin in sustainable forests.
*Please Note: Colors may vary slightly due to the natural element of wood as well as the settings of computer monitors.
See all available Nautical 3D Wood Maps: https://seaandsoulcharts.com/product-category/nautical-map-wall-decor/
Follow us on Instagram @seaandsoulcharts and like us on Facebook @SeaandSoulCharts for special offers and promotions.


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Hunger and Your Preschooler
Your preschooler eats lunch, then 20 minutes later claims to be hungry. Is it OK to offer a little something? Maybe yes, maybe no. Here's why:
Around the preschool years, many kids start to use the word "hungry" to express other feelings such as boredom, loneliness, sadness, or other emotions they don't understand or can't name. Using food to relieve sadness, for instance, will establish the connection between food and feelings other than hunger. Over time, that can be increasingly hard to undo. And it won't address the underlying reason for the sadness or another emotion, either.
If your child complains of hunger, take a minute to gently ask questions to see what's really going on: "What have you been doing?" or "Would you like me to come play with you for a while?" If your child quickly forgets about a snack, you'll know they were in search of your attention or just looking for something to do. If the hunger complaints continue, you probably have a hungry kid on your hands.
Talk About It
It's wise for parents to talk to kids about what it means to be hungry and what it means to be full. Most of us are born with the ability to gauge our body's need for food, but over time we can learn to ignore these signals, which may contribute to weight gain.
Kids who truly understand when they're hungry — or full — can better regulate how much food to eat. Not surprisingly, kids who don't recognize when they're full are more likely to be overweight.
Here are some ways to encourage kids' awareness of when they're full:
- Don't use the "clean your plate" rule. Let your preschooler know that it's OK to stop eating if they feel full. This encourages kids to respond to their own hunger and fullness cues.
- If your child regularly leaves a lot of uneaten food, try serving smaller portions.
- Draw attention to how you eat more slowly as you become full. Pass on seconds if you're no longer hungry. Say, "This is delicious, but I'm going to stop because I'm full."
Preschoolers Who "Eat All Day"
The average preschooler eats 3 meals a day plus 2 or 3 snacks. But given the chance, many would choose to snack all day long. Kids who "graze" like this might never feel hungry for a regular meal.
It's important to discourage grazing because:
- Kids who are hungry at mealtime might be more likely to try new foods and eat the healthy foods served.
- Kids who graze are often snacking on higher calorie food and drinks, putting them at risk for excessive weight gain.
- Kids who snack often, especially on sweets, are more likely to have dental problem like cavities.
A regular routine of meals and snacks helps discourage grazing, and kids like it because they know what to expect. For example, if kids start to feel hungry during story time, it helps when they also know that it's always snack time afterward. And a child who doesn't feel hungry when it's time for an afternoon snack knows it's OK to skip it because dinner is just around the corner.
On very active days, though, it's perfectly normal for kids to be extra-hungry and need more than usual to eat. On those days, be flexible if your child wants an extra snack or eats more at mealtime.


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Editorial Policy
Eurogamer.net is a website about video games and gaming culture.
We publish in-depth reporting, analysis and criticism related to video games. We also run a YouTube channel that complements the written content we publish on this website.
This editorial policy sets out the ways in which we go about our jobs. If you feel that our work has fallen short of these standards, please contact the editors.
We report stories as we see them, as accurately as possible.
When reporting information that may not be publicly available or which may paint an individual or organisation in a way they find disagreeable, we always seek comment.
If we receive new information after publication, we update our existing story or add a new one as necessary.
When notified of potential factual errors in our work, we will attempt to verify them and publish a correction if a mistake has been made.
We also offer anyone mentioned in a story a right of reply. If you feel you or your company has been misrepresented or wish to expand on a story please contact the editors.
We do not publish information received from sources (named or anonymous) without attempting to confirm it with additional sources. We protect the identities of anyone who provides information to us anonymously. We do not pay sources for information.
When reporting on information revealed by another publication, we always provide prominent credit and link through to the original work.
Sometimes our work requires us to travel to report on events, games, people and organisations. If we accept travel and accommodation from a third party to facilitate our editorial coverage, then we disclose it within the relevant article(s).
Professional relationships
In the course of our work we speak to game developers, publishers and other organisations, liaising with creative and public relations personnel, and always seek to conduct ourselves professionally.
In order to receive materials and access, it is sometimes necessary to agree to embargoes that bind us to publishing content after a certain date and time. It may also be necessary to sign a nondisclosure agreement (NDA), which we only do if we are satisfied the NDA will not compromise or inhibit the honesty and integrity of the resulting work.
In the event that a company stops talking to us completely (sometimes referred to as 'blacklisting'), we will do our best to deliver the same high standards of reporting, fairness, analysis and criticism without being swayed by the circumstances. Out of respect for individual game creators and their work, we will not refer to these incidents in public unless there is a strong editorial imperative to do so - e.g. the integrity of the publication is under threat, or publication of critical information such as highly anticipated reviews will be delayed as a result.
The Eurogamer.net editorial team does not accept promotional items or other gifts from publishers and creators. We only accept games, items for review and things that enable us to do our job (i.e. consoles and peripherals). Items received may not be sold or traded.
If we receive promotional items without requesting them, they will be sent to the charity GamesAid for sale or auction.
Staff and contributors are not permitted to do "mock reviews" for or provide paid consultancy to game creators. New staff and contributors may not write about a company they have worked for in any capacity within the last two years.
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Eurogamer.net's editorial and advertising departments are separate. The content that appears on the Eurogamer.net site and YouTube channel is entirely at the editors' discretion and is never influenced by commercial considerations.
Our advertising team believes in being fair, honest and transparent in our dealings with advertisers.
We do not accept advertising that obscures content (i.e. interstitials or overlays), that plays sound automatically or that features offensive content. Additionally, we do not accept inappropriate advertising content and will act to remove it if it appears on the website. If you believe adverts on the site are falling short of these goals, please contact us.
We sometimes link to retailers (e.g. Amazon) and receive money from any purchases made. These links do not influence editorial decisions in any way. They only appear in articles related to the product in question and use neutral language, for example: "Order [this product] from Amazon."
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Eurogamer.net is owned by Gamer Network Ltd - now part of ReedPop. The company publishes a variety of websites and YouTube channels including GamesIndustry and USgamer. It also has commercial partnerships with other websites such as VG247, Outside Xbox, Rock Paper Shotgun and Nintendo Life. These publications are operated independently of Eurogamer.net and have their own policies.
There are local editions of Eurogamer published by local teams in Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Poland and Portugal. The Eurogamer.net editorial team collaborates with each of these local sites, although they produce the majority of their own content and have their own editorial values, which may mean that games are sometimes rated differently.
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These businesses are separate from Eurogamer.net's editorial department. Eurogamer.net will always disclose its relationship when covering activities operated by its parent company, Gamer Network. Any such coverage is entirely at the editors' discretion and is never influenced by commercial considerations.
In the case of Gamer Events, the relationship will be disclosed on articles about the event itself (e.g. announcement of playable games) but not on coverage generated from our attendance of the event (e.g. game previews, interviews).
To learn more about ReedPop itself, please check out our corporate site.
All Gamer Network staff are aware of this editorial policy and stand by it individually and collectively.


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The majority of South Africa's indigenous population identifies itself as Christian. As such, it is no surprise to learn that traditional gospel is one of the country's most popular musical genres of all time. It is therefore fitting to follow last week's post spotlighting the famous King's Messengers Quartet with another album of beautiful religious harmonies. Dithoriso Tsa Morena is a 1984 release from Mahlathini Nezintombi Zomgqashiyo – the name under which Mahlathini and the original Mahotella Queens recorded during their first reunion – featuring 12 rearrangements of traditional Sotho hymns.
The 1980s saw fate conspiring to reunite the original stars of mbaqanga's heyday – Mahlathini, the Mahotella Queens and the Makgona Tsohle Band, the triumvirate otherwise known as the top township act of the 1960s through the mid-1970s. Following the introduction of the first black television service in 1982, Gallo-Mavuthela producer West Nkosi regrouped the original Makgona Tsohle Band and pitched the innovative idea of a musical sitcom to the SABC. This idea was accepted and within a year, Mathaka was a hit with township audiences, providing entertainment and evoking nostalgia among a slightly older generation of fans. Later in 1982, king of the groaners Simon 'Mahlathini' Nkabinde made his long-awaited return to Mavuthela after a ten-year period recording for other companies including GRC, Satbel and EMI.
Marks Mankwane, lead guitarist and producer of the Mahotella Queens and one of Mavuthela's finest song arrangers, reckoned that if Makgona Tsohle and Mahlathini were back in the same recording stable, the original mgqashiyo maidens should complete the trio – but there were two problems: firstly, the Mahotella Queens of the early 1980s featured none of the original members; and secondly, this same line-up of early '80s Queens was still fairly successful and popular with audiences. So, Mankwane went ahead and reunited the original line-up of the Queens under a different group name – Izintombi Zomgqashiyo (the girls of mgqashiyo). Mahlathini Nezintombi Zomgqashiyo recorded at least four LPs' worth of material: Amaqhawe Omgqashiyo, Pheletsong Ya Lerato, a 'Super Maxi' 12" Zulu single, and the Sotho album Electric Jive shares today, Dithoriso Tsa Morena. By this point, the SABC had developed individual radio services for each language, so it is entirely possible that a Zulu language variant of this album exists on vinyl waiting to be discovered.
Sadly, both the Mathaka and Mahlathini Nezintombi Zomgqashiyo ventures ended later in 1984: the Makgona Tsohle Band members were refused a pay rise by the TV production company and ended up being replaced, then Marks Mankwane resigned from the Gallo organisation after twenty years. He took the still-popular '80s Mahotella Queens with him to a new independent label, then over to CCP. In 1985, several tracks from Mahlathini Nezintombi Zomgqashiyo's albums were released on the historic Earthworks compilation The Indestructible Beat of Soweto. News of the resulting explosion of interest in South African music (stirred further by the release of Paul Simon's Graceland in 1986) trickled back to the commercially astute West Nkosi, who in 1987 hurriedly reunited most of the Makgona Tsohle Band and convinced two French talent scouts to take the group overseas for the first time. Though Makgona Tsohle, Mahlathini and vocal trio Amaswazi Emvelo proved a hit in France, it was really Mahlathini combined with the original Mahotella Queens that the French scouts desired. West promptly called Marks back to Gallo. Marks abruptly disbanded the then-Mahotella Queens and replaced them with three of the 1960s Queens - Hilda Tloubatla, Nobesuthu Shawe and Mildred Mangxola - all of whom had contributed to the Indestructible tracks so loved by the international audience of afropop fans. A reunion recording was made, Thokozile, and a second French visit spotlighting Mahlathini, the Queens and Makgona Tsohle led to an international touring career that still, even 28 years later, refuses to wane.
...but let's go back to 1984 and Dithoriso Tsa Morena. The overriding and most enjoyable characteristic of African gospel music is the suitably devotional approach to the vocal patterns. The listener does not have to be Christian or even religious at all to appreciate the restrained, resilient and passionate harmonies. Most of the songs on Dithoriso Tsa Morena are collective performances 'church-style' with some brief solos from Hilda Tloubatla (tracks 1, 5, 7-12) as well as Nobesuthu Shawe (tracks 3, 5) and Mahlathini (roars to be found everywhere!). Standout tracks that spotlight some beautifully supreme and often emotive harmonies include "Ntate Ba Tshwarele", "Ruri Le Nkhapile", "Joko Ya Hao", "Morena Ke Ya Ho Kopa" and "Sedi La Ka" (the latter track can also be found in the KMQ album shared last week) – but in all honestly, every single track is worthy of multiple listens. Hit the download link for a wonderful dose of pure gospel jive – amen! ☺
produced by Marks Mankwane
engineered by Sam Wingate and Keith Forsyth
Gumba Gumba BL 478
Sotho Religious


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Life Extension Migra-Eeze™/Herbs America
- Regular price
- Rs. 3,799.00
- Regular price
Rs. 6,000.00 - Sale price
- Rs. 3,799.00
- Unit price
- per
Vendor : Life Extension®
Product Type : Vitamins & Supplements
Sku : 737870709060
Country of Origin USA
What Is Migra-Eeze?
Evidence from pre-clinical research shows that petasin and isopetasin, active constituents extracted from the herb butterbur, can provide support for head comfort. In our Migra-Eeze™ formula, we've taken this extract to the next level by combining it with riboflavin (vitamin B2) and ginger to provide even more support for cranial discomfort.
Migra-Eeze™ contains standardized butterbur root extract to provide 22.5 mg of petasin to support head comfort.
Migra-Eeze™ Benefits
Helps inhibit inflammation to support head comfort
Enhances healthy nervous system signaling
Helps relax blood vessels in the skull
Product Details
Based on the current body of evidence, experts are recommending an extract from the herb butterbur (Petasites hybridus) to maintain head cavity comfort. In fact, clinical trials in both Germany and the United States suggest butterbur extract may support head comfort.
The Effects of Petasin and Isopetasin
Pre-clinical research shows that butterbur's major active constituents, petasin and isopetasin, enhance healthy signaling in the nervous system to support a healthy inflammatory response and promote comfort, encourage muscle comfort and help relax blood vessels in the skull. These actions may be responsible for butterbur's ability to help control head cavity comfort.
Easing Head Discomfort
Migra-Eeze™ contains butterbur root extract standardized to provide 22.5 mg of petasin with each daily dose of two softgels. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) and ginger are included based on the ability of these nutrients to exert functional changes that may also guard against cranial discomfort.
Dosage and Use
Take two (2) softgels daily in divided doses, or as recommended by a healthcare practitioner.
For optimal results, take regularly for four to six months, then reduce dose or discontinue use. If benefits subside, repeat for up to four to six months.
When using nutritional supplements, please consult with your physician if you are undergoing treatment for a medical condition or if you are pregnant or lactating.
Place your order today and we will ship your order within 3 to 4 business days from USA warehouse & delivered in India within 10 business days.
Questions? Call: 7404021217
The delivery lead time is communicated to you on the website before the order is placed. It's a pleasure to serve you. Herbs America® believes in serving its best to its customers. The prices mentioned and displayed on the website do not include the USA to India Duty and Shipping Charges. Also the shipping and handling charges are charged based on the product's weight and shipping destination you have inclined.
Free Shipping Policy:
Herbs America® follows a unique shipping policy for the benefit of the customer. We treat our customers as King, in the sense that we take utmost care that the product ordered by the customer is reached with in no time and in perfect condition.
**Please note that extra shipping charges might apply for glass items, liquids, or very heavy packages due to the dimensions of the box. Please email firstname.lastname@example.com for any questions and concerns.
Shipping Methods:
Herbsamerica.in follows few significant shipping methods to prove on par with excellence in their service. We have inbuilt shipping options which one can check at the time of placing the order online and we can offer as per the request and norms depending upon the packed weight of the box and shipping zones.
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Herbsamerica.in is updated with the latest inventory status on a day to day basis. Incase of any rare situation, if the website is not updated, it is very unlikely event that a product goes back ordered. We will let the customer know about the every move and status of the product to be delivered. Herbsamerica.in will let the customer know through email or phone within six days of the purchase. In such cases, to avoid delaying your entire order, Herbsamerica.in might split your order and send the products that are already available. The back ordered products will be shipped at our expense as soon as they become available.
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When you place an order for a product, you will be receiving an order confirmation email within 24 hours from Herbs America®. This email will include the order number and the email address associated with the order. Also shipping confirmation is send via email along with package tracking number and instructions when the package is on board. Incase if the email notification is not received by the customer, they can login into their account and check their status; get a print out of the email confirmation and the tracking number. One more important thing is you need to check out your spam folder if by chance of any mistake, it might have landed there.
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When an order is placed onHerbsamerica.in, it confirms that the customer is subjected to agree to the shipping terms and conditions. The shipping labels are automatically generated with in-house software. The accuracy of the information is subjected to the details of the customers that are provided at the time of placing order. Incase of any incorrect address or incomplete address like incorrect zip code, missing apartment/suite/office number/name, etc., your package is returned to us or the shipping carrier does an address correction on the label, you will be charged Rs 75 per 500 gm.
If any customer wishes to drop their returned orders, the order will be subjected to re-stocking fee up to 20%.Shipping costs will not be refunded.Herbsamerica.in does not entertain or is not responsible for any package is lost, if it has incorrect address on it due to customer mistakes.
Herbs America® takes utmost care while shipping its products to the customers. When an order is placed it always takes into consideration the most important factors like delivery confirmation. The information can be tracked by either parties that isHerbsamerica.in and you. When you access the shipping company's tracking information, it is known specifically whether or not a package is delivered. If we find that the ship has not send the package, and if the tracking information shows the note of undelivered status, we will ship it back again. We trust on the information processed by the shipping company to decide if a shipment was really made or not. This contract commences at the time of shipment and means that the risk of loss and title for such items pass to you upon our delivery to the carrier.
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We wish to make your shopping experience with us pleasant and completely satisfactory. In an effort to ensure your satisfaction, we offer a "No Questions" 30-day return policy. Please review our Returns policy below:
Returns made due to Damaged (in shipping) or defective product(s) or In-correct product(s) shipped:
- If a product received damaged or defective Herbs America will issue refund for the product or will arrange replacement based on the customer choice. Provided, if the product damage is reported within 2 days from time of delivery of the product otherwise there will not be return of the product.
- If product is received damaged a photograph should be sent to customer support of Herbs America, it will have reviewed by the customer support team and arrangement for replacement or refund will be done only after the customer support team verifies the damage/defective.
- For some of the products which have the policy of non-returnable after delivery will not be considered for return.
- If the customer wants to return the non-returnable product, then restocking fee will be collected which is 25% of the price of the product. A restocking fee will be collected after communicating with the customer only.
Herbs America Return Policy:
- If a product received damaged or defective Herbs America will issue refund for the product or will arrange replacement based on the customer choice. Provided, if the product damage is reported within 2 days from time of delivery of the product otherwise there will not be return of the product.
- If product is received damaged a photograph should be sent to customer support of Herbs America, it will have reviewed by the customer support team and arrangement for replacement or refund will be done only after the customer support team verifies the damage/defective.
- For some of the products which have the policy of non-returnable after delivery will not be considered for return.
- If the customer wants to return the non- returnable product, then restocking fee will be collected which is 25% of the price of the product. A restocking fee will be collected after communicating with the customer only.
Before how many days is the return accepted from the date of delivery
If the product received damaged, then it has to be reported within 2 days from time of delivery of the product otherwise there will not be return of the product.
Is the return accepted if the box is opened or if the product is used?
No return will not be accepted if the box is opened or the product is used.
How to arrange pick-up for the return?
For the damaged or defective products, we shall send return label from any of the shipping carrier and pick up of the product will be scheduled at convenient time of the customer. Once we receive the product in desired condition only a refund will be initiated to the customer.
What should the customer do if he receives a damaged item, wrong product in the order?
If the customer receives a damaged/wrong product a photograph should be mailed to customer support of Herbs America, it will have reviewed by the customer support team and arrangement for replacement or refund will be done only after the customer support team verifies the damage/defective.
What if I want to Return the shipment after its delivered?
Customer can return the product at their own expense and we will be glad to process a refund for the customer. A return should be done before 30 days from the time of delivery and the box should be unopened and should be in sealed condition. The refund will be processed ONLY after we receive the correct items back from the customer.
If the Customer refuses any shipments:
If the customer refuses the product at the time of delivery, a full refund will be credited to the customer.
What is the method of refunding the amount after cancellation?
Once the order is cancelled a refund will be initiated to the customer and the same is communicated through email. A refund will be reflected in to the customer account within 5-7 business days. The refund will be credited to the same account of the customer from which the payment is done for the order.
Unless specified / indicated explicitly in the product description, HerbsAmerica.in is not the manufacturer of the products sold on this website. While we work to ensure that product information on this website is correct, manufacturers may alter their product information. Actual product packaging may look different and materials may contain more and/or different information than shown on our website.
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HerbsAmerica.in cannot be held liable for any health condition, which may occur upon consumption of the products sold by us. Our liability is limited to the fulfilment (only) of orders for products which you place with us through our website / over phone / over email / over chat. You should always read the labels, warnings and instructions provided with the product before using or consuming it and not solely rely on the information presented on our website.


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Here's the latest article from the Pagan site at BellaOnline.com.
Further Into The Astral Afterlife
Meeting my Dad after he had moved further into the Astral plane post-mortem, and how he later came to a Spiritualist demonstration I was at.
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2-D or 3-D plot of output from dsolve
Calling Sequence
odeplot(dsn, vars, range, options)
output from a call to dsolve( ... , numeric)
(optional list) axes and functions to plot
(optional) range; range of the independent variable
(optional) equations that specify plot options; see plot/options and plot3d/option
The odeplot function plots or animates one or more solution curves (either 2-D or 3-D) obtained from the output (dsn) of a call to dsolve/numeric.
Note: If you are using the output=piecewise option with dsolve/numeric, you should use the plot function to plot or animate your solution.
The ordering of the coordinates is given by vars. If no coordinates are given, then it is assumed that a plot of the first dependent variable as a function of the independent variable is desired (that is, the first two coordinates of the solution).
Significantly more flexibility is available in the specification of the coordinates.
The coordinates can be functions of the independent variable, or any dependent variable and derivative values that are part of the dsolve/numeric solution. For example, for a second-order problem in yx, you could specify a plot of yx versus yx2+ⅆⅆxyx2 with yx,yx2+ⅆⅆxyx2.
Multiple curves can be plotted by specifying a nested list format. For example, x,yx,x,ⅆⅆxyx displays the dependent variable and its derivative as a function of x on the same plot.
Curve-specific options can be specified for each curve (for plots with multiple curves) by including them in the desired variable list after the plot variables. Allowed options are color, linestyle, style, symbol, symbolsize, and thickness. (These are described in plot/options and plot3d/option.) For example, the plot described by the nested list above can be displayed with yx in blue dots, and ⅆⅆxyx as a red line of thickness 2 with the argument [[x,y(x),color=blue,style=point],[x,diff(y(x),x),color=red,thickness=2]].
The range argument defines the range of the independent variable to produce the plot, and must evaluate to real numbers. If not supplied, the range is determined as follows:
If the dsolve/numeric output is not of a procedure type (that is, it is in the form of a matrix or Matrix), then the values present in the matrix are used directly for the plot.
If the problem is a boundary value problem (BVP), then the plot is produced for the entire solution region.
If the problem is a initial value problem (IVP), and was created with a range (rkf45 and rosenbrock only), then that range is used for the plot.
If the problem is a IVP, _Env_smart_dsolve_numeric is set to true, and a prior call was made to the procedure, the plot is produced from the initial point to the point used in the prior call.
Finally, if none of the above conditions are met, then the plot is produced for the range x0-10..x0+10, where x0 is the initial point for the IVP.
If the default numerical IVP solvers rkf45 and rosenbrock were used with the range argument to obtain dsn, then an additional option is available to control the number of points used to produce the plot. The refine=v option tells odeplot to use v times the number of stored points for the plot, where v must be a non-negative integer or one over a non-negative integer.
For example, specification of refine=1 tells odeplot to use all points in the stored solution, while refine=2 requests twice the computed points, and refine=1/3 requests one-third the computed points.
Note: Use of this option with a range solution of dsolve/numeric produces an adaptive plot, where more points are plotted in more rapidly changing solution regions (that is, regions where a greater number of steps were required by the numerical method). See the Van der Pol example below.
Note: This option cannot be used with the numpoints option.
If not specified, the labels of the plot are obtained from the vars argument (or from the dsolve/numeric solution if vars is not specified). Since these are displayed as text, the derivative of yx with respect to x is displayed as y', and the function yx is displayed as y. Variables specified in vars using operator notation, such as Dyx are left unchanged.
For 2-D plots, if the length of the text of an automatically generated axis label exceeds 10 characters, it is not displayed. To display long labels as a legend (instead of omitting them), specify the labels=legend option.
Labels can be disabled by specifying them as empty strings or identifiers (that is, labels=["",""] or labels=[``,``]).
If the frames=n option is given, then odeplot produces an animation of the solution over the independent variable range for the plot, from lowest to highest value. The final frame of the animation is the same as the plot created without the frames option. Note: The refine option cannot be used with animations, as odeplot must choose the points for the animated plot.
Remaining arguments must be equations of the form option = value. These options are the same as found for plot (in the case of 2-D solution curves) or those found for plot3d (in the case of 3-D solution curves). See plot/options and plot3d/option for details.
The result of a call to odeplot is a PLOT or PLOT3D data structure which can be rendered by the plotting device. You can assign this value to a variable, save it in a file, then read it back in for redisplay. See plot/structure for more details.
dsolve/numeric solution using a range, so odeplot defaults to that range
or with refinement
dsolve/numeric matrix output
Animation of a solution
Note: To play an animation in this help page, right-click (Control-click, on Macintosh) the plot to display the context menu. Select Animation > Play.
Removing labels
Specification of numpoints
Multiple curves yx and zx against x. This is the command to create the plot from the Plotting Guide.
Phase plot of yx against zx
Limit the view of the phase plot
Three-dimensional solution curve
The command to create the 3-D plot from the Plotting Guide is
Multiple curves with different options
Same as above, but animated.
Once again, note that to play an animation in this help page, right-click (Control-click, on Macintosh) the plot to display the context menu. Select Animation > Play.
An example (the Van der Pol equation) where use of a solution with range and plotting with option refine gives a significantly higher quality plot than without:
See Also
Download Help Document


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I've written this tutorial for anyone who uses adobe premiere pro and wants to find out the best way to compress a video using "Windows Media Video".
I cover things like what bitrate to use with what resolution and frame rate as well as what a few of the different settings do and mean. Find out for yourself and take a read…
(not you will need to copy and paste image url's in to your browser)
Getting to Adobe Media Encoder
1. Render all unrendered footage if you haven't done so already in premiere pro
2. Now go, File >> Export >> Adobe Media Encoder
3. Select "Windows Media" from the format drop down list
4. Then, from the preset drop down list, select something like "WMV9 720 25p" (doesn't really matter what you choose)
Video Settings
1. Select "Video" on the left hand side of the Adobe Media Encoder
2. Under Video, make sure…
- Select "Windows Media Video 9" as the codec
- Leave "Allow Interlaced Processing" Unticked
- Under Bitrate Settings, Select "Two" encoding passes and make sure the mode is "Variable Constrained". This offers way better results compared to a single encoding pass
Image: fullvoltage.com.au/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=333.0;id=29;image
Audio Settings
1. Select "Audio" on the left hand side of the Adobe Media Encoder
2. Under Audio, make sure…
- Select "Windows Media Audio 9.1" as the audio codec
- Under Bitrate Settings, Select "Two" encoding passes and make sure the mode is "Constant". This will make sure the audio quality stays the same the whole way through the video
Image: fullvoltage.com.au/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=333.0;id=30;image
Audience Settings
1. Select "Audiences" on the left hand side of the Adobe Media Encoder
2. Audiences is the most important part as this is where you actually set the quality and the file size
3. Now, select your desired frame rate, it's usually best to keep it at its original level. But, say you're original level is 50 frames a second, reduce it to 25. If you're going for a really small file, then you'd want to bring your fps down to 20 or 15, but 25 will always enhance the footage as it will appear a lot smoother.
4. For Pixel Aspect Ratio, set it to however you're original footage is set. If you're editing footage shot on the computer, then square pixels will give you the best results.
5. Frame Width and Frame Height is a big factor for when considering image quality with file size. You kind of need to match them both up. In theory, for simple scenes like a close up of a human face "1 bit" per 200 pixels will offer good results,you may even want to try 250 pixels per bit. But with a more complex scene which includes maybe scenery and shrubs or a fast action video.etc, you'd want to aim around "1 bit" per 100 pixels (no where over 140 pixels per bit). To work this out, simply look at all the scenes in your video. If your scenes vary a lot in terms of colour and complexity, then you want lesser pixels per bit, this will increase file size (or reduce image size) but will offer way better results otherwise. On the other hand, if you're video contains long interviews with a still background. Then the compressor will be able to produce good results with a high pixel per bit rate.
6. Now, moving down to the basic audio settings, if you're video contains a lot of sound and the sound is really important in the video. Then you wont want to go under 96kb/s, but I usually prefer to use 160kb/s or 128kb/s as if you compare the 160kb/s bitrate of the audio to the say 5000 bitrate of the video, you can see that the audio isn't going to effect file size much in this case. The higher your video bitrate, the lesser the impact the audio will have on the filesize. Use CBR audio, not (A/V) CBR audio. Use stereo if your sound differs from channel to channel (most music does).
7. Back to the Video now, Set Decoder Complexity to Auto
8. For key frame interval, if you have a high action video with complex scenes, set this to about 1 or 2. On the other hand, if you have not so complex scenes like an interview with a still background, then you can raise this up to about 10.
9. Leave buffer size as default
10. Now, here is the good bit. Because earlier on, we set a Video Encoding mode to a Two pass encode with a variable but constrained bitrate. This means we can now give a maximum and average bitrate. It will use the maximum bitrate in the more complex scenes and will use the average bitrate for normal scenes. Now, setting your bitrate is important. This is basically, where we shove all our resolution and other data, in to a tightly packaged file. If you package your file to tight, bits of data start oozing out the corners which is why it's important to package your video tight, but not too tight. Let's say we have a rather complex video which is fairly fast paced with lots of different colours and scenes. We set our resolution to 1024×768 with a frame rate of 25 and we want excellent quality, but a small file size.
Ok, let's put what we learnt in to play. Ok, 1024 multiplied by 768 gives us 786000 pixels. That means that every single frame will contain 786000 pixels. If our video is running at 25fps, that's 19.2 million pixels a second. The way compressors work, is they look for similarities across multiple frames and they try and share the data. Sometimes, when you set the bitrate too low, it just can't deal with that data so it needs to throw away some pixels. The lower the bitrate, the more pixels get thrown around or ripped up.
11. Now, we need to set the bitrate. So, seeing our scene is fairly complex, and we want good quality, I think 130 pixels per bit will be fine. So, lets divide 786000 by 130. This gives us 6040 bits. So, 6000 bits a second is what we need. We'll set 6000 as the peak and 5000 as the average. Now, 5000 bits a second will produce a fairly large file in terms of the internet, but remember, we are using a resolution of 1024×768 which is very big in terms of the net, but we want viewers to see "all" the work we have put in to it.
12. Now, once the bitrate is set, we have our buffer size, the larger your bit rate, the larger you want your buffer size. In this case, a buffer of 20/25 will be fine (buffer usually doesn't effect anything).
Image: fullvoltage.com.au/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=333.0;id=31;image
1. Now, save the preset buy hitting the floppy disk icon up the top of the Adobe Encoder Window. But, before you do that, place a comment for the preset if you want.
2. Now, hit OK at the bottom of the window which will then prompt you for a location to save it. It will also give an estimated file size based on your video length and you're peak data rate (for both the video and audio). But seeing we are using a variable bit rate, this estimate is usually higher than the end result.
3. Let it render out, then enjoy.
- It's usually good to set your work area to a length of 5 seconds over a complex part of your video, that way, you can do test renders to find the best bit rate
- If you get errors while exporting and you use a hyperthreading processor or a dual core processor, visit this site to fix the problem. If you don't get this problem, it may still be a good idea to visit the site and get the new adobe media encoder.
I hope you learnt something from this tutorial Smiley


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PaperArtsy - Fresco Chalk Paint - Guacamole
Guacamole: high coverage/ opaque chalk finish acrylic paint. 50ml Made in UK
Fresco Finish Acrylics are top quality, highly pigmented water based, enviromentally friendly, matte acrylic paints. No need for undercoat or primer on many serfaces: paper, card, metal, wood, ceramic, canvas etc. Guacamole has high coverage/ high opacity. The chalk finish is perfect to stamp on. Dilute with water for a wash, or mix with glaze for higher transparency.
Shake well befor using. Easy clean up in warm water. Low or no VOC's. Eco Friendly.
Please note: Colour varies greatly from screen to screen. So colours can only be taken as an approximation.


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We have a temporary outage at our data center in the Netherlands, we are working on this and will provide an update as soon as we have one. We are sorry for the inconvenience caused and we wish to thank you for your patience.
28th Nov 18:53 GMT - Update - Statment from RapidSpeeds (this is where we used to purchase our servers from) "The data center says they are facing a massive and lethal DDoS attack and they have had to null route the traffic temporarily, they say it should not take more than 24 hours."
We will providing compensation for this downtime by adding an extra day to your service.
29th Nov 15:33 GMT - Update - The data center (LeaseWeb) has provided an update, seems like RapidSpeeds has fallen in to some legal trouble with LeaseWeb and therefore LeaseWeb has temporarily shut down RapidSpeeds's servers. There is no ETA on when RapidSpeeds's servers will be brought online. Since RapidSpeeds's lied about this in the beginning stating that the downtime was because of a DDoS attack we have prepared for the worst and as such are in the process of working out a deal with LeaseWeb. LeaseWeb has agreed to give us new servers in return for a signed contract. We hope you understand that there is almost nothing we can do about this other than providing all our clients with a newer slot on a newer server. We hope to have everything online in 96 hours. All our clients will be compensated for the downtime incurred and the loss of data. We hope you understand our situation and give us some time to get everything in working order. We are sincerely sorry for the inconvenience caused.
29th Nov 16:14 GMT - Update - We are trying to make a deal with LeaseWeb to get us the older hard disks for the newer servers we will be purchasing. If this works out none of the clients will lose any data. Please note that this is a long shot and we are not sure if it will work, we will keep you posted.
30th Nov 13:47 GMT - Update - If you havent noticed already the servers have been brought back online. Please note that the servers will be online from the 30th of November 13:00 GMT - 2nd of December 14:00 GMT. We would like to request all of our clients to backup all their important data. In the mean time we are in the process of getting new servers and setting them up before your current one goes offline. We are sorry for the inconvenience caused.
30th Nov 18:43 GMT - Update - We are in the process of finalizing our contract with LeaseWeb for the new servers, once it is finalized we will receive the new servers in 2 working days.
2nd Dec 12:00 GMT - Update - We have finalized the contract with LeaseWeb and they have delivered most of our servers but we are still short of some. We are in the process of setting up the servers we have received. We have requested LeaseWeb to give us the other servers at the earliest possible so we can minimize downtime. LeaseWeb has also extended the period of temporary access to the 5th of December 07:30 GMT. We would like to remind users once again to backup any important data on the server and be ready for the switch.
6th Dec 16:00 GMT - Update - We have finished switching all our clients on the newer servers, 80% of the switches were done before the RapidSpeeds servers went offline. We thank our clients for their patience and valued business.
Понедельник, Ноябрь 28, 2011
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His name is Ryan Seacrest, and he's a workaholic. Fans were crestfallen to learn late Friday that the American Idol judge, TV producer, radio host and red carpet star, 38, had parted ways with Julianne Hough after two years of dating. But those close to the couple tell Us Weekly that the breakup was inevitable, given Seacrest's steadfast commitment to his many, many professional obligations.
"Dude works all the time," a pal tells Us Weekly. "He never sleeps." Although dancer-turned-actress Hough, 24, has an increasingly hectic slate of projects herself, her priorities were a little different, the friend explains.
"It's a lifestyle she couldn't handle anymore. Work always, always came first [for Ryan] She wants a more lowkey life."
Three days before Valentine's Day, Hough told Us she still got "giddy" when she saw her guy on the small screen. "It was super exciting to see my man on TV. I was so proud of him," she said at an NYC screen of Safe Haven of Seacrest's red carpet stint before the Grammys in L.A. "I flew in from Nashville — I was at my sister's baby shower — and I walked in right as he was on and he looked so hot. He looked so cute!"
She also hinted that it wasn't easy for them to get together while she shot Safe Haven with Josh Duhamel last year in North Carolina. "We were working really hard, so we were really focused, but he came by a few times."


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Let's Talk
The College of Health Sciences is located on Mulago Hill, Mulago, 3 Km from the Kampala City, as is Mulago Hospital. Contact us at the following address:
Office of the Principal,
Makerere University College of Health Sciences,
P.O. Box 7072,
Kampala, Uganda.
Tel: (+256) 41 4530 020
Email pr.chs[at]mak.ac.ug or the College Principal directly at principal.chs[at]mak.ac.ug


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Notre Dame had a huge road win last weekend, and the Fighting Irish have certainly gotten everyone's attention. After years of mediocrity, Notre Dame is certainly relevant again.
Take a look at the college football lines for this week and you'll see Notre Dame is a 17 point favorite over Pitt? Can they cover? Here's this week's free pick from Vegas Vic:
3:30 Eastern (Saturday, November 3rd)
Pittsburgh +17 over Notre Dame
You have to figure the Irish are going to be somewhat flat in this situation if not totally flat in this situation as a double digit home favorite coming off of last weeks huge/satisfying national tv 30-13 upset road win at Oklahoma as a double digit road underdog crushing the Sooners. Lines do matter in perception. Who is the underdog and who is the favorite does matter in scheduling/situations/results. Pittsburgh is just good enough to give Notre Dame a fight and the Panthers are playing with double revenge having lost 17-23 and 12-15 the last 2 seasons vs Notre Dame. If the Irish show up flat in this situation off last weeks big win at Oklahoma they are going to be hard pressed to cover -17 points. If the Irish show up totally flat in this situation their 8-0 start ends with an outright Pittsburgh upset…
There you have it.
Posted in: Sports
Tags: betting, betting odds, college football betting lines, college football lines, college football live lines, college football odds, college football spreads, free college football picks, free football picks, free picks, live lines, live sports lines, NCAA football betting lines, NCAA football lines, NCAA football live lines, NCAA football odds, NCAA football spreads, Notre Dame, sports betting, sports betting odds, sports odds, sports wagering odds, Vegas Vic, Vegas Vic free picks