text:
The Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA)
There is a pressing need to improve the ways in which the output of scientific research is evaluated by funding agencies, academic institutions, and other parties. To address this issue, a group of editors and publishers of scholarly journals met during the Annual Meeting of The American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) in San Francisco, CA, on December 16, 2012. The group developed a set of recommendations, referred to as the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment. We invite interested parties across all scientific disciplines to indicate their support by adding their names to this Declaration.
The outputs from scientific research are many and varied, including: research articles reporting new knowledge, data, reagents, and software; intellectual property; and highly trained young scientists. Funding agencies, institutions that employ scientists, and scientists themselves, all have a desire, and need, to assess the quality and impact of scientific outputs. It is thus imperative that scientific output is measured accurately and evaluated wisely.
The Journal Impact Factor is frequently used as the primary parameter with which to compare the scientific output of individuals and institutions. The Journal Impact Factor, as calculated by Thomson Reuters*, was originally created as a tool to help librarians identify journals to purchase, not as a measure of the scientific quality of research in an article. With that in mind, it is critical to understand that the Journal Impact Factor has a number of well-documented deficiencies as a tool for research assessment. These limitations include: A) citation distributions within journals are highly skewed [1–3]; B) the properties of the Journal Impact Factor are field-specific: it is a composite of multiple, highly diverse article types, including primary research papers and reviews [1, 4]; C) Journal Impact Factors can be manipulated (or "gamed") by editorial policy [5]; and D) data used to calculate the Journal Impact Factors are neither transparent nor openly available to the public [4, 6, 7]. Below we make a number of recommendations for improving the way in which the quality of research output is evaluated. Outputs other than research articles will grow in importance in assessing research effectiveness in the future, but the peer-reviewed research paper will remain a central research output that informs research assessment. Our recommendations therefore focus primarily on practices relating to research articles published in peer-reviewed journals but can and should be extended by recognizing additional products, such as datasets, as important research outputs. These recommendations are aimed at funding agencies, academic institutions, journals, organizations that supply metrics, and individual researchers.
A number of themes run through these recommendations:
- the need to eliminate the use of journal-based metrics, such as Journal Impact Factors, in funding, appointment, and promotion considerations;
- the need to assess research on its own merits rather than on the basis of the journal in which the research is published; and
- the need to capitalize on the opportunities provided by online publication (such as relaxing unnecessary limits on the number of words, figures, and references in articles, and exploring new indicators of significance and impact).
We recognize that many funding agencies, institutions, publishers, and researchers are already encouraging improved practices in research assessment. Such steps are beginning to increase the momentum toward more sophisticated and meaningful approaches to research evaluation that can now be built upon and adopted by all of the key constituencies involved.
The signatories of the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment support the adoption of the following practices in research assessment.
General Recommendation
1. Do not use journal-based metrics, such as Journal Impact Factors, as a surrogate measure of the quality of individual research articles, to assess an individual scientist's contributions, or in hiring, promotion, or funding decisions.
For funding agencies
2. Be explicit about the criteria used in evaluating the scientific productivity of grant applicants and clearly highlight, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.
3. For the purposes of research assessment, consider the value and impact of all research outputs (including datasets and software) in addition to research publications, and consider a broad range of impact measures including qualitative indicators of research impact, such as influence on policy and practice.
For institutions
4. Be explicit about the criteria used to reach hiring, tenure, and promotion decisions, clearly highlighting, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.
5. For the purposes of research assessment, consider the value and impact of all
research outputs (including datasets and software) in addition to research publications, and consider a broad range of impact measures including qualitative indicators of research impact, such as influence on policy and practice.
For publishers
6. Greatly reduce emphasis on the journal impact factor as a promotional tool, ideally by ceasing to promote the impact factor or by presenting the metric in the context of a variety of journal-based metrics (e.g., 5-year impact factor, EigenFactor [8], SCImago [9], h-index, editorial and publication times, etc.) that provide a richer view of journal performance.
7. Make available a range of article-level metrics to encourage a shift toward assessment based on the scientific content of an article rather than publication metrics of the journal in which it was published.
8. Encourage responsible authorship practices and the provision of information about the specific contributions of each author.
9. Whether a journal is open-access or subscription-based, remove all reuse limitations on reference lists in research articles and make them available under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication [10].
10. Remove or reduce the constraints on the number of references in research articles, and, where appropriate, mandate the citation of primary literature in favor of reviews in order to give credit to the group(s) who first reported a finding.
For organizations that supply metrics
11. Be open and transparent by providing data and methods used to calculate all metrics.
12. Provide the data under a licence that allows unrestricted reuse, and provide computational access to data, where possible.
13. Be clear that inappropriate manipulation of metrics will not be tolerated; be explicit about what constitutes inappropriate manipulation and what measures will be taken to combat this.
14. Account for the variation in article types (e.g., reviews versus research articles), and in different subject areas when metrics are used, aggregated, or compared.
For researchers
15. When involved in committees making decisions about funding, hiring, tenure, or promotion, make assessments based on scientific content rather than publication metrics.
16. Wherever appropriate, cite primary literature in which observations are first reported rather than reviews in order to give credit where credit is due.
17. Use a range of article metrics and indicators on personal/supporting statements, as evidence of the impact of individual published articles and other research outputs [11].
18. Challenge research assessment practices that rely inappropriately on Journal Impact Factors and promote and teach best practice that focuses on the value and influence of specific research outputs.
- Adler, R., Ewing, J., and Taylor, P. (2008) Citation statistics. A report from the International Mathematical Union.
- Seglen, P.O. (1997) Why the impact factor of journals should not be used for evaluating research. BMJ 314, 498–502.
- Editorial (2005). Not so deep impact. Nature 435, 1003–1004.
- Vanclay, J.K. (2012) Impact Factor: Outdated artefact or stepping-stone to journal certification. Scientometric 92, 211–238.
- The PLoS Medicine Editors (2006). The impact factor game. PLoS Med 3(6): e291 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030291.
- Rossner, M., Van Epps, H., Hill, E. (2007). Show me the data. J. Cell Biol. 179, 1091–1092.
- Rossner M., Van Epps H., and Hill E. (2008). Irreproducible results: A response to Thomson Scientific. J. Cell Biol. 180, 254–255.
- http://www.eigenfactor.org/
- http://www.scimagojr.com/
- http://opencitations.wordpress.com/2013/01/03/open-letter-to-publishers
- http://altmetrics.org/tools/
*The Journal Impact Factor is now published by Clarivate Analytics.


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John L. Sorenson's Complete Legacy: Reviewing Mormon's Codex
John L. Sorenson's Complete Legacy: Reviewing Mormon's Codex
by Brant A. Gardner and Mark Alan Wright
Interpreter: A Journal of Mormon Scripture 14 (2015): 209-221
Mormon's Codex: An Ancient American Book is unquestionably a monument to an impressive career defending, defining, and explaining the Book of Mormon. John L. Sorenson has been for the New World setting of the Book of Mormon what Hugh Nibley was for the Old World setting. From his earliest 1952 publications using anthropology and geography to defend the Book of Mormon to the 2013 publication of Mormon's Codex, Sorenson has been the dominant force in shaping scholarly discussions about the Book of Mormon in its New World setting.1 With an impressive 714 pages of text with footnotes, Mormon's Codex is physically an appropriate capstone to his long publishing career.
Sorenson's name has become synonymous with a specific geographic correlation between the Book of Mormon and a Mesoamerican geography. Although his is certainly not the only one, the strength of his position is such that it is practically impossible to discuss Book of Mormon geography without referencing his model.2 Premier among all other elements of Sorenson's legacy in Book of Mormon studies is the effectiveness of that model. Mormon's Codex makes minor modifications [Page 210]to some of his correlations, but the general thesis continues to be as strong today as it was perhaps a half century or more ago.3
Important to his legacy is the shrinking of the potential Book of Mormon lands from the entire Western hemisphere to a region roughly comparable to the geographic scope of the history of the Hebrews in the Old World. In addition to convincingly arguing for a more limited geography, Sorenson proposed specific sites that might have taken part in the Book of Mormon story. Those archaeological sites were in the approximate correct interrelationship with other locations according to the text, and the sites all dated from the time periods when the Book of Mormon indicates there should be a city in that location.
The strength of his correlations has been such that while there may not be agreement on the specifics of some of his site-correlations, better correlations have not been proposed. The general geography has been widely accepted even when some doubt about specific locations might be expressed. The Sorenson limited geography for the Book of Mormon is an important foundation of and monument to his legacy.
The second important aspect of Sorenson's legacy is what he did with the geography after establishing a plausible relationship with the real world. He expanded beyond geography and into the culture and history of that geography to compare it with the Book of Mormon. The first part of the lasting legacy is that it is now a requirement that proposed geographies deal with the human historical element along with the physical features. Any geography that might be argued as plausible but cannot provide similar plausible correlations to the people living in that geography during Book of Mormon times cannot be accepted as a potential location for Book of Mormon events. Sorenson's premise led to a new approach to Book of Mormon studies and influenced others such as the authors of this review to direct their own academic pursuits to those same studies.
For decades, Sorenson's 1985 publication, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon,4 has been the only single-volume book that we have been willing to recommend to those interested in how the [Page 211]Book of Mormon relates to the New World. Importantly, that publication has been the only recommended single book for nearly forty years. Of course, there has been substantial new information about Mesoamerica discovered in the years since the book was written.5 After so much time and with the availability of additional data, an update has been sorely needed.
Mormon's Codex is very much an updated version of the earlier book rather than a new work. Although the structure of the two books differs, the same general topics are treated. In many cases, what were sections inside of chapters in An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon have become standalone chapters in Mormon's Codex. As one would hope and expect, a quick perusal of the dates for the publications cited in the 2013 book show a large number that are more recent than those in the 1985 book. However, the expansion takes the form of additional evidence for the foundations laid in his Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon. Other than the addition of the chapter on transoceanic voyages, little new ground is plowed.
At its best, Mormon's Codex amplifies support for the best arguments found in An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon. Many of those are found in "Part 3: Correspondences from Archaeology and History." This is the strongest section of the book. While we have some reservations on various specifics, the overall arguments provide a good picture of how one might see the Book of Mormon as having taken place in a Mesoamerican geographical and cultural setting. Chapter 3, "The Book of Mormon in Culture History Terms," is an excellent overview and should not be skipped. Chapter 4, "The Early Culture History of Mesoamerica," also provides a good overview of Mesoamerican cultural history without specific correlations to the Book of Mormon. 6 so many of Sorenson's ideas have stood the test of time, his prominence [Page 212]in the field is unlikely to be challenged in the foreseeable future. The breadth of his work and the remarkable timespan that work covers may never be equaled.
Nevertheless, even Sorenson has not been immune to starting down trails that have led to dead ends. While the beginnings of these trails can be seen in his early works and are apparent to the careful reader of An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, some of those misfires have become more obvious and lamentable in Mormon's Codex. We hasten to add that while we suggest a necessary pruning of some of the many branches of Sorenson's thought, this in no way diminishes the importance of the many ideas he puts forth that continue to withstand the test of time and further research.
Cautions in Reading Mormon's Codex
The first important caution when reading Mormon's Codex is simply that it really is Sorenson's Codex. It is a monument to the expanse of his vision, but it is also limited by an insistence on focusing on only his own vision. Mormon's Codex shows Sorenson continuing to comb sources for more evidence to support the theses laid out in his earlier works, but he has paid little or no attention to those LDS scholars who have built upon his foundation. This makes Mormon's Codex a monument to Sorenson, not necessarily to the state of current Book of Mormon studies about its place in the ancient world.
One of the continuing geographic issues for a Mesoamerican correlation is the presence of two Mesoamerican rivers that are candidates for the Book of Mormon Sidon: the Grijalva and the Usumacinta. While Sorenson argues for the Grijalva, others strongly defend the Usumacinta.7 Mormon's Codex does not recognize that discussion and [Page 213]makes no attempt to resolve it. Mormon's Codex presents Sorenson's opinion without defending it against any possible contrary evidence. Not only does Sorenson neglect to engage LDS scholars with a different position, but he also totally ignores LDS scholar Lawrence Poulsen's work that provides more in depth support for Sorenson's Grijalva/Sidon identification.8 In this oversight, Sorenson misses the opportunity to strengthen his argument.
An even more controversial aspect of Sorenson's correlation has been the necessity to see "north" in the Book of Mormon as something other than the cardinal direction. Mormon's Codex simply finds newer quotations supporting the thesis just as he proposed it in An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon. Sorenson misses the opportunity to interact with LDS scholars who have at least attempted to provide a stronger cultural underpinning for Book of Mormon directions in a Mesoamerican setting.9 Perhaps because he was a lone voice for so many years, Sorenson has failed to consider the merits of the work of other LDS scholars publishing on the same issues.
The second important limitation in Mormon's Codex is the continuation of a fundamentally flawed methodology. Sorenson's approach to the cultural data in the Book of Mormon has long rested upon the assumption that Book of Mormon peoples were the source of perceived cultural similarities between Mesoamerica and the Ancient Middle East. Although the causal nature of the relationships was [Page 214] toned down in An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, the undercurrent was there and Sorenson's earlier work that was the foundation for what he wrote in An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon was more explicit. At one point, Sorenson states, "The phenomena in the following statement were nearly all shared three ways — in the Book of Mormon (as shown in specific verses, cited in the original paper), in Mesoamerican beliefs, and in Near Eastern thought during Old Testament times."10 From that original paper, we have the more direct statement that feeds Sorenson's ideas that flow through An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon and will reemerge in their more explicit form in Mormon's Codex. The premise re-emphasized reads: "A list of cultural traits is presented which could be found without surprise in a translated Mesoamerican document of codex form. As phrased, these elements are also found in the Book of Mormon or else are attributable to the ancient Near Eastern cultural background which it claims for itself."11
The documentation for these connections has been lists of traits that are described in terms that fit both the Old World and New World context and assert their relevance by the number of such items in the list. That methodology was explicit in an early article prepared for a non-LDS audience.12 There is a reason that in the four decades Sorenson has been describing such parallels that they have not been widely accepted. It is a methodology that too easily leads to false positives. A non-Book of Mormon related example can be seen in two books Dennis R. MacDonald wrote suggesting the New Testament echoes Homer.13 M.D. Hooker notes the methodological issue behind any work suggesting similarities between two different texts (relevant also to the comparison of a text to culture): [Page 215] To be sure, some of MacDonald's parallels are intriguing, but they cannot on their own provide an explanation of what Mark is doing. Odd details in Mark's narrative do sometimes 'echo' events in Homer's story (like the feast where participants sat in nine units of 'five hundred men') and sometimes provide contrasts (as with the storm, in which Odysseus was awakened but was helpless to do anything). But are these parallels and contrasts deliberate? Or are they accidental? … After all, as MacDonald admits, 'feasting and sleeping [and] journeys are common in ancient writings; these and other similarities do not require mimesis.' … One is left wondering why — if MacDonald is right — Mark should have chosen to depict Jesus in this way, sometimes in imitation of Odysseus and sometimes in contrast to him. What would Mark have hoped to achieve? … MacDonald's suggestion is that he 'crafted a myth to make the memory of Jesus relevant to the catastrophes of his day,' and that he was 'adapting cultural monuments to address new realities' (p. 190). So was Mark's Gospel simply a re-telling of Homeric myth? … To show that there are similarities in plot and theme between two authors is one thing, to prove dependence is quite another. That there are certain parallels between two narratives is hardly surprising, for similar themes reappear constantly in stories told by very different people. But suggestions that there is deliberate mimesis can easily topple into parallelomania.14
It would appear that Sorenson acknowledges that any methodology relying upon parallels is currently deemed suspect. Perhaps for that reason he is much more explicit about methodology in Mormon's Codex. He suggests:
A promising model for pursuing the question of the Book of Mormon's connection to ancient Mesoamerica was published in 2001. Archaeologist William Dever used it in What did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? He … builds his argument by identifying "convergences," specific [Page 216] points of agreement between statements in the biblical text and findings by archaeologists. When the sacred written source is supported on a given point by excavational evidence, no explanation for this fact makes sense except that the archaeological datum and the text both refer to the same cultural moment and that the author of the record could not have written as he did without intimate, contemporary knowledge of the area documented in his account of the facts for that time period educed by archaeology.15
In spite of his admiration for Dever's methodology, Sorenson simply reworks Dever until Sorenson's methodology can continue to be parallel but with a different name. Sorenson suggests: "Dever's term convergences has many synonyms — correspondences, parallels, analogies, similarities, agreements, conformities, counterparts, and congruencies. Each has a slightly different shade of meaning. Convergence may suggest distinct processes that end up with similar results; parallel connotes a general or unfocused degree of similarity; analogy points to likeness in form without any particular historical connection implied between the features compared. The comparisons upon which this book relies will usually be called correspondences, in the dictionary sense of "a particular similarity."16
What Dever defined was a means of making comparisons between a text and archaeology that depended upon a close alignment of features and time.17 In Sorenson's adaptation, a methodological argument becomes a semantic shift from parallel to correspondence, without a [Page 217] corresponding shift in essential methodology. It is simply a synonym for parallels, albeit ones that Sorenson suggests might have "a particular similarity." Fortunately, there are still some of the parallels that hold up even under more rigorous conditions, but Mormon's Codex won't help the reader discern between the stronger and the weaker.
The third limitation of Mormon's Codex is that it continues to bolster ideas that might have been at least plausible when Sorenson was writing what became An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon but subsequently gathered evidence demonstrates that the original thesis was incorrect. Rather than remove these arguments, Sorenson's update simply searches for more statements that appear to bolster the original thesis. We will examine those that are the focus of whole chapters.
Chapter 9: Transoceanic Voyages
This chapter summarizes an important aspect of Sorenson's academic career. He has long been a champion of transoceanic voyages. In 2009, he and Carl L. Johannessen published a large compendium of evidence of pre-Columbian biological and botanical contact with Old World locations.18 This chapter pays homage to Sorenson's long interest and work on the topic. The information should be analyzed on its own merits. The problem with this chapter is not necessarily the issue of transoceanic voyages, but what the chapter is doing in this book. The evidence he discusses has no direct relationship to the Book of Mormon. Put simply, the evidence from the right time is from the wrong place, and that which is from the right place is from the wrong time.
Chapter 10: Language
Sorenson is an anthropologist, not a linguist. There is no indication in his writings that he has a deep understanding of historical linguistics or the relevant literature on New World languages. Consequently, he attempts to continue the idea proposed in An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon that there might have been Old World languages in the New World by adding newer sources he believes support his original [Page 218] thesis.19 Sorenson wasn't particularly careful with his sources then, citing the now discredited Barry Fell.20 Mormon's Codex continues to cite controversial theories. He favorably cites Merritt Ruhlen's massive early language families that are not only controversial but also would only have been applicable far earlier than the Book of Mormon timeframe.21 Most disappointing is Sorenson's favorable citation of Michael Xu's suggestions about early Chinese writing in the Americas, a proposal that has been thoroughly discredited.22 We suggest that readers skip this chapter.
Chapter 12: Human Biology
This chapter highlights an important contradiction in Sorenson's thought process. In recent decades, scholars have been able to use DNA reconstructions to establish large patterns of migration among peoples. Thomas W. Murphy suggested that because these studies indicated an Asian origin for New World peoples that there was no room for the Book of Mormon's Near Eastern immigrants.23 Sorenson responds to that argument in a section entitled "The Indeterminate Nature of Molecular Genetic Data and the Origins of Amerindians."24 The thrust of the section is to explain why these studies of overall genetic patterns cannot be determinative of specific smaller genetic admixtures into populations. This is consonant with the work Sorenson has done to show the limited number of people in Lehi's party who might have supplied their Near Eastern genes into the much larger pool of peoples inheriting the Asian DNA.25 For example, Sorenson discusses "a study of over 131,00 Icelanders and their ancestors back to 1789 … [which] showed that the majority of people living today in Iceland had ancestors 'that could not be detected based on the Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA tests being performed and yet the genealogical records exist showing that [Page 219] these people lived and were real ancestors.'"26 From the viewpoint of genetic studies, this is the proper understanding of the relationship of the macro migration trends in relation to micro immigration that might have taken place.
What Sorenson misses is that this argument fundamentally undercuts the rest of what he attempts to do in this same chapter. He opens the chapter with the statement: "Maintaining the position that transoceanic migrants arrived in Mesoamerica demands that we find evidence that ancient humans in that area had biological characteristics that match those of peoples from the Old World."27 This leads him to look for what he deems European features among Mesoamerican populations, even though his DNA argument is essentially that we shouldn't find them. This appears to be the result of retaining his previous desire to see Book of Mormon peoples as a significant cultural and genetic presence in Mesoamerica.
We particularly note his section entitled "Varied Peoples as Shown in Mesoamerican Art," which attempts to use artistic representations to suggest there were peoples of fundamentally differing skin pigmentations, include the presumably European-inherited "white."28 Sorenson makes the mistake of assuming that painted colors necessarily reflect skin pigmentation. Studies of Mesoamerican art show that many of these presumed pigmentation differences are the result of the practice of painting the skin.29 We recommend that readers skip the section on varied peoples as shown in Mesoamerican art.
Chapter 20: Ideology and Religion
In this chapter Sorenson makes explicit his continuation of the parallel list methodology from early years, citing his article in Man Across the Sea and "The Book of Mormon as a Mesoamerican Codex."30 Of the latter he says. "It presented a first version of the argument elaborated in this book. Some 75 correspondences were described and documented under three headings: (1) present in the ancient Near East, (2) referred to in the Book of Mormon, and (3) present in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures. [Page 220]In recent years further detailed similarities have been identified."31 The current chapter continues the methodology with more examples. Parallels, even when called correspondences, are too often created by the way the correspondences are described. Frequently, describing the items differently would remove similarities, and also frequently the descriptions simply ignore important differences between the items listed as parallel or corresponding. A particularly important example is Sorenson's elaboration of his support for the parallels between Quetzalcoatl and Jesus Christ.32 Perhaps because Sorenson has isolated himself from the work of other LDS scholars, he has missed a wider study of the Quetzalcoatl material that explicitly denies the correlation.33 This entire chapter rests too heavily on an inadequate methodology and should be read only with caution.
In Summary
Mormon's Codex is intended to summarize a long and important labor explicating the Book of Mormon. It is unquestionably a monument to that career. As with the earlier book it updates, there are important ideas that form the foundation of much of the current work on the relationship between the Book of Mormon and a real world place and time. It represents Sorenson's best thinking on these topics, but not necessarily the best work currently available in the LDS scholarly community.
Sorenson once provided a brief jacket cover comment for a book which read: "The careful reader of this work is bound to discoverer a good deal of valuable new information."34 It was a cautious endorsement because although there were some good things in the book, it required a background in Mesoamerican studies that most careful readers didn't possess in order to find the "valuable new information." We can wholeheartedly apply the same recommendation to Sorenson's Mormon's Codex. There is much in this book that adds new information to the sound arguments made in An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon. There is also much that demands a careful reading.[Page 221]
1. David J. Whittaker, comp., "A Bibliography of the Published and Unpublished Works of John Leon Sorenson," Mormons, Scripture, and the Ancient World: Studies in Honor of John L. Sorenson, ed. Davis Bitton (Provo, UT: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 1998), 480.
2. Most interesting is the process of discussing an alternate geography by contrasting it with Sorenson's. Ralph A. Olsen has proposed a Malay site for the Book of Mormon, and says, "In particular, I've focused on the problems associated with the Mesoamerican setting proposed by John L. Sorenson in Ancient American Setting (and in many other books and articles), which is currently the hypothesis driving most geographical studies conducted by the Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies (FARMS)." Ralph A. Olsen, "A Malay Site for Book of Mormon Events," Sunstone, 131 (March 2004): 34, note 6.
3. While Sorenson's publication of the geography came in 1985 with An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, it was in place in the manuscript for that book at least a decade earlier. At least the general outline of the geography appears to date back to the 1950s.
4. John L. Sorenson, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon (Provo, UT: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1985).
5. An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon was essentially written a decade prior to its publication, though some new references were added closer to its publication date. As a point of comparison, the early 1970s not only saw the essentially completed manuscript for An Ancient American Setting but also saw the beginnings of the widespread efforts to use the understanding of the phonetic elements of the Maya glyphs. The explosion of information which has followed the translation of many Maya texts was unavailable when Sorenson published his 1985 book. Those translations have dramatically revolutionized our understanding of the Maya.
6. A more recent overview of Mesoamerican cultures can be found in Mark Alan Wright, "The Cultural Tapestry of Mesoamerica," Journal of the Book of Mormon and Other Restoration Scripture 22/2 (2013): 4-21.
7. See V. Garth Norman, Book of Mormon Geography — Mesoamerican Historic Geography. A graphic of the map is available at http://www.ancientamerica.org/library/media/HTML/7hvlmli5/bookofmormon20.... A review of this geographic model is provided in Lawrence L. Poulsen, "'The Light is Better Over Here,' Review of 'Book of Mormon Geography — Mesoamerican Historic Geography' by V. Garth Norman," FARMS Review 19/2 (2007): 11-20; F. Richard Hauck, /÷ the Geography of the Book of Mormon: Settlements and Routes in Ancient America (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1988), 121; John E. Clark, "A Key for Evaluating Nephite Geographies (Review of F. Richard Hauck, Deciphering the Geography of the Book of Mormon)," Review of Books on the Book of Mormon, 1 (1989): 20-70; William J. Hamblin, "A Stumble Forward? (Review of F. Richard Hauck, Deciphering the Geography of the Book of Mormon)," Review of Books on the Book of Mormon, 1 (1989): 71-77; Jerry L. Ainsworth, The Lives and Travels of Mormon and Moroni (PeaceMakers Publishing, 2000), 81; Jerry L. Ainsworth, "Response to Allens' [sic] Article on River Sidon," Book of Mormon Archeological Forum, accessed February 2, 2015, http://www.bmaf.org/articles/response_allens_river_sidon__ainsworth; Kirk Magleby, "Book of Mormon Model," Book of Mormon Resources, accessed February 2, 2015, http://bookofmormonresources.blogspot.com/2012/07/book-of-mormon-model.html.
8. Lawrence Poulsen, "The River Sidon," accessed February 2, 2015, http://bomgeography.poulsenll.org/grijalvasidon.html; Lawrence Pousen, "The Tale of Two Rivers," accessed February 2, 2015, http://bomgeography.poulsenll.org/tworivers.html.
9. See Lawrence Poulsen, "Book of Mormon Geography," paper presented at the FAIR (now renamed FairMormon) Conference, August 2008, accessed February 2, 2014, http://www.fairmormon.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/2008-Larry-Poulsen.pdf. See also Brant A. Gardner, "From the East to the West: The Problem of Directions in the Book of Mormon, Interpreter: A Journal of Mormon Scripture, 3 (2013): 119-53. While this version was likely too late to be included in Mormon's Codex, it is essentially a version of a paper of the same name presented at the FAIR Conference in August 2013 at which Sorenson presented an outline of the information that would be included in Mormon's Codex.
10. Sorenson, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, 58.
11. John L. Sorenson, "The Book of Mormon As a Mesoamerican Codex," Newsletter and Proceedings of the S.E.H.A., 139 (December, 1976), 4.
12. In "The Significance of an Apparent Relationship between the Ancient Near East and Mesoamerica," in Man across the Sea: Problems of Pre-Columbian Contacts. eds. Carrol L. Riley, J. Charles Kelley, Campbell W. Pennington, and Robert L. Rands (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1971), 227-41, Sorenson provides parallel columns: the first for the described cultural trait, the second a column for Mesoamerica, and the third a column for the Near East.
13. Dennis R. MacDonald, The Homeric Epics and the Gospel of Mark (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000) and Dennis R. MacDonald, Does the New Testament Imitate Homer? Four Cases from the Acts of the Apostles (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003).
14. M.D. Hooker, Journal of Theological Studies, 53/1: (196-98); British punctuation revised. Douglas F. Salmon applies the same methodological issues to the explication of LDS scriptures. Douglas F. Salmon, "Parallelomania and the Study of Latter-day Scripture: Confirmation, Coincidence, or the Collective Unconscious?" Dialogue 33/2 (2000): 130.
15. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 7-8. The ellipses represent two and a half paragraphs that were skipped. Sorenson's introduction to Dever is now closer to Sorenson's description of Dever's methodology. Note that this is Sorenson's description, not Dever's words. The authors might restate Dever's methodology differently. Nevertheless, the restatement preserves the need for detailed convergences, where Sorenson's actual use of Dever's methodology is reduced to borrowing the idea of using a different label for what is essentially Sorenson's long-standing use of parallels as a methodological foundation.
16. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 16.
17. William G. Dever notes: "Of course one may object at this point that seeking such 'convergences' was just what the now-discredited older 'biblical archaeology' sought to do. The critical difference between that and what I propose here has to do with the independent but parallel investigation of the two sources of data for history-writing, and the subsequent critical dialogue between them that scholars must undertake." William G. Dever, What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2001), 106.
18. John L. Sorenson and Carl L. Johannessen, World Trade and Biological Exchanges Before 1491 (2004; rpt., New York and Bloomington: iUniverse, 2009). In the 456 pages of text, this book provides a literature review of books and articles discussing such contacts, including bibliographic information and short summaries.
19. Sorenson, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon, 74-81.
20. Ibid., 80.
21. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 174. Ruhlen knows that his theories are controversial. See Merritt Ruhlen, The Origin of Language: Tracing the Evolution of the Mother Tongue (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994), 154.
22. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 178-79, 511-12. See Karl Taube, Olmec Art at Dumbarton Oaks (Washington, D.C.: Trustees for Harvard University, 2004), 1 note 1.
23. Thomas W. Murphy, "Lamanite Genesis, Genealogy, and Genetics," 52-59.
24. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 247-54.
25. John L. Sorenson, "The Composition of Lehi's Family," in Nephite Culture and Society, ed. Matthew R. Sorenson (Salt Lake City: New Sage Books, 1997), 2-24.
26. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 250-51.
27. Ibid., 233.
28. Ibid., 236-42.
29. Stephen Houston, David Stuart, and Karl Taube, The Memory of Bones: Body, Being, and Experience among the Classic Maya (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2006), 22-23.
30. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 452-53.
31. Ibid., 453.
32. Ibid., 468-99; 472-78.
33. See Brant A. Gardner, Second Witness: Analytical and Contextual Commentary on the Book of Mormon (Draper, UT: Greg Kofford Books, 2007), 5:353-95.
34. Bruce W. Warren and Thomas Stuart Ferguson, The Messiah in Ancient America (Provo, UT: Book of Mormon Research Foundation, 1987), back cover.
About Brant A. Gardner
Brant A. Gardner (M.A. State University of New York Albany) is the author of Second Witness: Analytical and Contextual Commentary on the Book of Mormon and The Gift and Power: Translating the Book of Mormon, both published through Greg Kofford Books. He has contributed articles to Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl and Symbol and Meaning Beyond the Closed Community. He has presented papers at the FairMormon conference as well as at Sunstone.
About Mark Alan Wright
Mark Alan Wright earned his BA in Anthropology at UCLA and his MA and PhD in Anthropology (with a subfield of specialization in Mesoamerican Archaeology) from UC Riverside. He regularly conducts research in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Belize. Dr. Wright is Assistant Professor of Ancient Scripture at Brigham Young University and Associate Editor of the Journal of Book of Mormon Studies at the Maxwell Institute.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
LX Limo prides itself on a longstanding history of providing quality services to the area since 1985, during which time the following Frequently Asked Questions commonly arise. In the event that the information you are seeking is not contained within our FAQ section or this site in general, please contact us via phone or email and an agent will respond to your questions promptly.
Our customer service line is open 24/7. For quotes, reservations and any other questions give us a call at (239) 260-4870 or Toll Free line 1.888.LX-LIMO2
You can also contact us via:
Online Chat Fax 1.877.266.2885
See complete list of rates for all our services and vehicles.


text:
Contact Vescom
Composite Joist Structural Floor Systems Clarkson Valley, MO
Vescom's composite joist construction floor system offers stronger and shallower floors at a fraction of the cost of traditional steel floor framing methods.
Vescom International is a steel joist and structural floor system manufacturer. The Vescom Joist Structural Floor System can be used all types of multi-story residential, multi-residential, institutional, healthcare, and commercial constructions and buildings. Vescom Joists can be used to construct structures up to 19 stories and are ideal for:
- Multi-residential constructions
- Apartment Buildings
- Condominiums
- Student Housing
- Hotel and Resorts
- Senior Living and Nursing Homes
- Medical Facilities
- Office Buildings
- And Many Other Structures
Composite Floor Joists in Clarkson Valley, Missouri
Vescom International manufactures the following composite joist flooring solutions and delivers them to Clarkson Valley, St. Louis County, MO:
- Composite joists
- Composite floor joists
- Steel floor framing
- Concrete joist system
- Concrete joist support
- Steel flooring system
- Structural flooring
- Structural floor system
- Joist slab
- Structural floor systems
- Light gage steel framing
- Steel floor joists residential
- Composite building
- Structural floor
- Composite floor systems
- Steel floor system
- Composite concrete flooring
- Steel frame flooring
- Steel flooring systems
- Floor joist system
- Concrete floor joist
- Suspended floor systems
- Concrete floor joists
- Steel roof decks
- Metal deck
- Roof decking
- Steel deck
- Joist girder
- Steel girder truss
Multi-Residential Construction in Clarkson Valley, MO:
If you are searching for a company to provide any of the following in Clarkson Valley, Missouri, kindly consider sending your drawings to our team at Vescom. We will provide you with a quote using our composite joist system that could save you significantly on your construction costs.
- Metal deckings
- Composite deck
- Floor systems
- Rated floor
- Cold form steel
- I-span
- Steel components
- Wood joists
- Floor structure
- Steel beams
- Steel trusses
- Floor joist
- Ceiling joist
- Decking joists
- Floor trusses
- Steel joist
- Bar Joist
- Steel deck
Vescom recommends these organizations, their content and material for information about the composite joist industry and technology:
If you are searching for a company to provide any of the following, kindly consider sending your drawings to our team at Vescom. We will provide you with a quote using our composite joist system that could save you significantly on your construction costs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is a composite joist?
- A: A composite joist, also known as a composite steel joist, is a type of structural member used in construction to support floors and roofs. It is made by combining two or more materials, usually steel and concrete, to create a stronger and more efficient joist.
Composite joists typically consist of a steel top chord, a steel bottom chord, and a concrete slab sandwiched between them. The steel chords provide tensile strength and rigidity, while the concrete slab provides compression strength and mass. The combination of these materials results in a lightweight and durable joist that can span long distances and support heavy loads.
Composite joists are commonly used in commercial and industrial buildings, as well as in multi-story residential buildings. They offer several advantages over traditional joists, including increased strength, stiffness, and fire resistance, as well as improved acoustic and thermal performance.
Q: What is structural flooring?
- A: Structural flooring refers to a type of flooring system that is designed to provide both a walking surface and structural support for a building or structure. Unlike non-structural flooring, such as carpet, vinyl, or tile, structural flooring is capable of bearing heavy loads and transferring them to the building's foundation or support structure.
Structural flooring is commonly used in commercial and industrial buildings, such as warehouses, factories, and distribution centers, as well as in multi-story residential buildings. It is also used in bridge construction, where it serves as both a roadway and a structural element.
There are several types of structural flooring systems, including concrete slabs, precast concrete planks, steel decking, and composite joists. The choice of flooring system will depend on a variety of factors, including the building's design, the required load-bearing capacity, and the desired aesthetic appearance.
Overall, structural flooring plays a critical role in the overall strength and stability of a building or structure, and it is an essential component of any construction project that requires durable and reliable support.
Q: What are steel trusses?
- A: Steel trusses are a type of structural element commonly used in the construction of buildings, bridges, and other structures. They are typically made from steel beams arranged in a triangular pattern, with each beam forming one side of the triangle.
The triangular shape of steel trusses provides excellent strength and stability, allowing them to span long distances and support heavy loads without the need for intermediate columns or supports. This makes them ideal for use in large, open buildings and structures, such as warehouses, factories, and sports arenas.
Steel trusses can be manufactured in a variety of shapes and sizes, depending on the specific needs of the project. They can be straight or curved, and may be designed to have a single or multiple web configurations. Additionally, they can be bolted, welded, or riveted together to form larger assemblies, depending on the required load capacity and structural performance.
Overall, steel trusses are a versatile and durable structural element that offer many advantages in terms of strength, stability, and ease of construction. They are commonly used in a wide range of applications and are an essential component of many modern construction projects.
Vescom International provides exceptional structural performance, unmatched in the marketplace, for multi-level construction in the following towns in The United States of America:
Southampton, NY – Beverly Hills, CA – West Palm Beach, FL – Atherton, CA – Cherry Hills Village, CO – Scarsdale, NY – Santa Clara, CA – Short Hills, NJ – Hillsborough, CA – Old Greenwich, CT – Bronxville, NY – Highland Park, TX – Darien, CT – Hartford, CT – Santa Rosa, CA – Boulder, CO – Napa, CA – Manchester, NH – Fairbanks, AK – Atherton, CA – Deer Park, IL – Town and Country, MO – Clarkson Valley, MO – Woodbury, NY – North Barrington, IL – Lake Forest, IL – Franklin Farm, VA – Fairfax Station, VA – Hinsdale, IL – Dellwood, MN – Broadlands, VA – Fulshear, TX – Coto de Caza, CA – Dranesville, VA – Fort Hunt, VA – Highlands-Baywood Park, CA – Bellaire, TX – Belmont, VA – Floris, VA – East Hills, NY – Clyde Hill, WA – University Park, TX – Greenville, NY – Belvedere, CA – Winnetka, IL – Wolf Trap, VA – Travilah, MD – Ashburn, VA – Hillsboro, OR – St George, UT – Reno, NV – Great Falls, VA
VESCOM News:
A Revolution in Structure
Explore our website to see how Vescom is revolutionizing the construction industry.
Vescom Typical Details
To assist in the work of specifying professionals, we have developed typical Vescom details for their use. These details...
Fun Facts About Clarkson Valley, MO
- Zip Codes(s): 63005 / 63017
- Area Code(s): 636
- Municipality Type: City
- Time Zone: America/Chicago
- Median Income: $166,200
- Population: 2,613
- Water Area (Square Meters): 133,836
- Land Area (Square Meters): 6,977,078
- Number of Households: 958
- Page ID: Clarkson_Valley_MO_21105
- Set ID: St._Louis_County_MO


text:
Just because your upper arms are temporarily hidden under sweaters and jackets doesn't mean you should neglect them. Here's how to tone them with weights for better definition now and when they're fully back in view.
Hammer Curls: These are an effective variation of the bicep curl. Stand straight, a dumbbell in each hand, arms at your sides, wrists facing inward. Without moving your upper arms, raise the dumbbells until the ends closest to you touch the fronts of your shoulders. Hold briefly, then slowly lower the weights to the start position. If lifting both arms simultaneously is too difficult, do this exercise with alternating arms.
Alternating Hammer Curls: This advanced variation of the Hammer Curl is done in the basic plank position. Get on all fours. If you're strong, extend your legs straight behind you, with toes flexed. If not, keep your knees bent on the floor. Arms should be straight, but rather than having palms flat, each hand holds a dumbbell flat on the floor. Contract your abs and keep your upper body straight as you press your bodyweight onto your left hand. Now raise the weight in your right hand until the end closest to you touches the front of your shoulder. You're moving only your forearm and keeping your right elbow close to your right side. Lower with control to the start position. Repeat, alternating sides with every lift.
Triceps Swing Backs: This move tones the backs of your arms. From a standing position, lower your upper body toward the floor to a tabletop position — your back is flat and parallel to the floor. Press your upper arms against your sides, elbows at a right angle, forearms perpendicular to the floor. Without moving your upper arms, straighten your forearms behind you, hold briefly and then bend to return to the start position.
Depending on your ability, start off with 2- to 5-pound weights. Build up to three sets of 12 reps each. Once you can comfortably complete all those reps, increase the weight.
More information
The American Council on Exercise has more on these and other biceps training exercises.
Copyright © 2024 HealthDay. All rights reserved.


text:
1,653,531,094,609 is an odd composite number composed of two prime numbers multiplied together.
1653531094609 is an odd composite number. It is composed of two distinct prime numbers multiplied together. It has a total of nine divisors.
Prime factorization of 1653531094609:
172 × 756412
(17 × 17 × 75641 × 75641)See below for interesting mathematical facts about the number 1653531094609 from the Numbermatics database.
Names of 1653531094609
- Cardinal: 1653531094609 can be written as One trillion, six hundred fifty-three billion, five hundred thirty-one million, ninety-four thousand, six hundred nine.
Scientific notation
- Scientific notation: 1.653531094609 × 1012
Factors of 1653531094609
Divisors of 1653531094609
- Number of divisors d(n): 9
- Complete list of divisors:
- Sum of all divisors σ(n): 1756542412561
- Sum of proper divisors (its aliquot sum) s(n): 103011317952
- 1653531094609 is a deficient number, because the sum of its proper divisors (103011317952) is less than itself. Its deficiency is 1550519776657
Bases of 1653531094609
- Binary: 110000000111111100010001000101110010100012
- Hexadecimal: 0x180FE222E51
- Base-36: L3MDPY6P
Squares and roots of 1653531094609
- 1653531094609 squared (16535310946092) is 2734165080838837708862881
- 1653531094609 cubed (16535310946093) is 4521026978961148288655345280619308529
1653531094609 is a
perfect square number . Itssquare root is 1285897 -
cube root of 1653531094609 is 11825.0809401889
Scales and comparisons
How big is 1653531094609?- 1,653,531,094,609 seconds is equal to 52,577 years, 9 weeks, 8 hours, 56 minutes, 49 seconds.
To count from 1 to 1,653,531,094,609 would take you about one hundred thirty-one thousand, four hundred forty-two years!
This is a very rough estimate, based on a speaking rate of half a second every third order of magnitude. If you speak quickly, you could probably say any randomly-chosen number between one and a thousand in around half a second. Very big numbers obviously take longer to say, so we add half a second for every extra x1000. (We do not count involuntary pauses, bathroom breaks or the necessity of sleep in our calculation!)
- A cube with a volume of 1653531094609 cubic inches would be around 985.4 feet tall.
Recreational maths with 1653531094609
- 1653531094609 backwards is 9064901353561
- The number of decimal digits it has is: 13
- The sum of 1653531094609's digits is 52
- More coming soon!
Link to this page
HTML: To link to this page, just copy and paste the link below into your blog, web page or email.
BBCODE: To link to this page in a forum post or comment box, just copy and paste the link code below:
Cite this page
MLA style:
"Number 1653531094609 - Facts about the integer". Numbermatics.com. 2024. Web. 18 July 2024.
APA style:
Numbermatics. (2024). Number 1653531094609 - Facts about the integer. Retrieved 18 July 2024, from https://numbermatics.com/n/1653531094609/
Chicago style:
Numbermatics. 2024. "Number 1653531094609 - Facts about the integer". https://numbermatics.com/n/1653531094609/
The information we have on file for 1653531094609 includes mathematical data and numerical statistics calculated using standard algorithms and methods. We are adding more all the time. If there are any features you would like to see, please contact us. Information provided for educational use, intellectual curiosity and fun!
Keywords: Divisors of 1653531094609, math, Factors of 1653531094609, curriculum, school, college, exams, university, Prime factorization of 1653531094609, STEM, science, technology, engineering, physics, economics, calculator, one trillion, six hundred fifty-three billion, five hundred thirty-one million, ninety-four thousand, six hundred nine.


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5 job interviews in less than 2 weeks, I credit that to Visualmodo. Awesome templates, a breeze to update & no code! Without dunked I'd still be building my site from scratch.
Gahrrett Thomas
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Visualmodo is just what I needed. Extremely easy to maintain, with many options and templates to customize. The result is a clean, modern professional presentation of my portfolio.
Justyna Wimonc
Interior Designer
To any visual designer, illustrator, typographer, artist out there; use Visualmodo. Period. Anything else is going to be a complete waste of your time.
Pavel Maček
I've been using Visualmodo for about 6 months and I love it! As a 3D Artist, Visualmodo has allowed me to scrap web designer costs and I can update content on the fly with ease.
Aaron Wolford
3D Artist


text:
CHAPEL HILL, NC, September 12, 2012, Vascular Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Vascular Pharma), a drug discovery company developing an innovative product to treat patients with complications arising from diabetes, announced today that it has successfully completed a $16 million Series A equity financing.
The Series A financing was co-led by Intersouth Partners and MPM Capital and is the company's first institutional round of funding. Vascular Pharma will use the $16 million to continue development of VPI-2690B, a pre-clinical candidate for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
In addition to the Series A financing, Vascular Pharma announced that it has entered into an agreement with Janssen Biotech, Inc. (Janssen) which grants Janssen the exclusive right, at Janssen's discretion, to acquire Vascular Pharma following the completion of a planned Phase 2 clinical study of VPI-2690B upon pre-negotiated terms and conditions set forth in the agreement. Janssen will provide Vascular Pharma with an initial upfront payment and certain contingent milestone payments in return for its rights under the agreement.
Vascular Pharma's development efforts are focused on its preclinical candidate, VPI-2690B, which targets a pathway that is stimulated by hyperglycemia. In multiple animal studies, VPI-2690B has been shown to slow the development of diabetic complications including nephropathy, accelerated atherosclerosis and retinopathy.
Richard Kent, M.D., Partner at Intersouth Partners and Vaughn Kailian, Managing Director of MPM Capital, will join Vascular Pharma's Board of Directors.
"Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease in the United States, with almost 50,000 patients per year progressing to dialysis as a result," said Richard Shea, CEO of Vascular Pharma. "We are excited that Intersouth and MPM have partnered with us to support our further development efforts, and are pleased to enter into this relationship with Janssen."
"The negative health outcomes and high cost of treating diabetic nephropathy place an enormous burden on diabetic patients and healthcare spending," said Dr. Richard Kent of Intersouth Partners. "Vascular Pharma's drug shows real promise in addressing this critical patient need, and we are excited to partner with the company at this critical point in its growth."
About VPI-2690B
VPI-2690B is a monoclonal antibody that has been shown in animal models to reverse the development of proteinuria and to prevent histological changes in the kidneys of diabetic animals. Significant preclinical development has been conducted by inventors Drs. David Clemmons and Laura Maile of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine.
About Vascular Pharmaceuticals
Vascular Pharmaceuticals, Inc., is a privately held drug development company developing VPI-2690B for complications of diabetes such as diabetic nephropathy. The company is headquartered in Chapel Hill, NC.
About MPM Capital
MPM Capital is a dedicated life sciences venture capital investor that has raised five healthcare venture funds over the past 15 years with committed capital in excess of $2.5 billion. Since 1997 and through December 31, 2011, these five venture funds have invested over $2.2 billion in 121 companies, ranging from early stage start-ups to late stage commercial companies.
About Intersouth Partners
Intersouth Partners is one of the most active and experienced venture capital firms in the Southeast, having invested in more than 110 private companies. Founded in 1985, Intersouth manages $780 million in seven venture capital limited partnerships, making it the largest venture capital fund in North Carolina and one of the largest in the Southeast.


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Show Connections
All Connections
Onepo.st is an online tool that allows you to directly sync Google docs with Dropbox. This makes it particularly easy to share work documents with other people, such as co-workers, friends, and family. Because Dropbox and Google docs sync, you can take advantage of the collaboration features already offered by Google documents, such as collaborating with other people on a spreadsheet or a collaborative essay and then share different versions of your product with others by using Dropbox.
Onepo.st doesn't just stop there, it allows you to sync Dropbox and Google Docs right from your desktop with an easy-to-use application.
This allows you to promote a better work flow for both yourself and colleagues. You can make your rough drafts of a document on your desktop, then sync Google Docs with Dropbox and then start the collaboration process. If your work is aimed at impressing clients, or tailoring a draft with your team to a client's needs, you simply sync Dropbox with Google docs and send the Dropbox link out where you need.
Another advantage of the ability to have Dropbox and Google Docs sync is that you maintain the simplicity of sharing files with Windows, Mac, Linux, iPad, iPhone, Android, and Blackberry platforms. All this with the security that your file will always be there when you need it from Dropbox, whilst maintaining the ability to use the professional features of Google Docs, such as Google presentations, comments, and open functionality.
By just using Onepo.st to sync Dropbox and Google Docs, you can acquire the best of both worlds and make collaboration that much easier.
But if you're not into collaboration, you can still take advantage of the syncing functionality. You can start work on a work station or a library computer, sync Google Docs with Dropbox using Onepo.st, and then take your work back with you to complete before backing it up on two reliable platforms to save just in case something happens.
So with all that being said, be sure to use Onepo.st in order to keep your work productive and secure by using it to have Dropbox and Google Docs sync.


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7 Reasons Why You Might Be Suffering From Workplace Anger
No one is happy all the time at work. After all, it's called work for a reason.
According to a recent Britain-based study, more than half of Britons experience regular "desk rage." What's more, a recent Gallup poll shows more than 70% of American employees are either "not engaged" or "actively disengaged" from their jobs, so it's not a far leap to assume we have some workplace indignation as well.
If you find yourself regularly frustrated or impatient at work, you could be suffering from office anger. On the surface, it might seem like normal day-to-day nonsense that can be brushed off, and that your colleagues don't even notice your displeasure. But you're wrong. Chances are they do notice, and if you don't address and work to fix the situation, you could soon find yourself unemployed.
Here are seven possible reasons for your office anger and easy ways to address them to stay employed:
Reason #1: You're over-worked and underpaid. It's no secret that the economy is improving tentatively, forcing many companies to ask more from their employees without increasing wages. The demands often leave employees feeling powerless, unappreciated and unmotivated.
The solution: It's time to stop feeling like a victim and start taking charge of your own work life. This does not mean you have to quit your job or become self-employed, however, it's vital in today's job market that employees take ownership of their careers and act as if they're running their own business. The truth is, your career is your business.
Reason #2: You're in the wrong job. You may have taken your current job to pay the bills or entered the industry right out of college and your interests have since change. Either way, not being interested or stimulated by your work can lead to frustration and anger.
The solution: Ask yourself what you're really good at and what you feel that you're meant to do and will make you happy. Considering these things and then assessing your skills set (both hard skills and soft skills) will allow you to decide if it's time to make a change. When you're in a job that just feels like it fits, you will see how much easier it is to realize true success.
Reason #3: You're in a dead-end job. If it's been years since you've had a raise or promotion, chances are you are at a dead end with the employer. When employees are not regularly challenged at work, complacency and boredom set in and this eventually leads to anger.
The solution: Start by having a conversation with your boss to explore other opportunities within the organizations. Ask for more responsibilities and challenges, and convey that you want to grow with the company. If this is not possible or if the conversation doesn't go well, it might be time to start networking to find a new opportunity.
Reason #4: Your boss, colleagues or customers are annoying you. It's not easy working with people you don't like for eight hours a day, five days a week.
The solution: Avoid becoming involved or fueling workplace drama—it will get you nowhere fast. You can't wait around for others to make peace, but you can make small inroads to improve your relationships. Remember, you're there to do a job and to provide a service.
Reason #5: You're not feeling well. Often when people work crazy hours, they neglect their physical health and don't even realize they don't feel well.
The solution: Find a quiet place where you can sit still for a few minutes per day and relax and get away from it all and re-focus. If anything doesn't feel well, address the issue or contact your doctor immediately.
Reason #6: You have troubles in your personal life. If you're arguing with your significant other, troubled by something going on with your kids or angry at a friend, it's possible that you're taking that baggage with you to work.
The solution: You're only human and sometimes it's hard to leave the laundry at home; however, you're not being paid to deal with your personal troubles in the office. By doing so, you could be jeopardizing your career, so do the best you can to separate the two before you have professional troubles as well.
Reason #7: It's been more than a year since you've taken a vacation. Need I say more?
The solution: You don't have to travel overseas or even stay in a hotel to have a vacation. Haven't you heard that staycations are in vogue? The problem with the idea of staycations is that people forget to use the time to vacate their lives, and instead spend the time working through their home to-do lists. If you're going to stay home on your week off, make sure you actively plan activities away from your day-to-day routine that will re-energize and refresh you.
Wall Street veteran Lindsay Broder (on twitter: @occupreneur) is a certified professional coach known as The Occupreneur™ Coach. Based in New York, she specializes in Occupreneur™career coaching, strategy & consulting services for highly successful professionals & organizations who strive to improve one or more aspects of their businesses or careers.


text:
gruff: fractal explorer GUI using the ruff library
Mandelbrot Set fractal explorer using the ruff library.
Requires GTK, OpenGL, and GLSL fragment shader support; lots of RAM and multiple CPU cores recommended.
If you want to explore very deep zooms, you'll need hmpfr which
currently requires GHC to be compiled with integer-simple instead of
the default integer-gmp. To install with MPFR support, use
cabal install gruff -fmpfr
Note that the default setting for this flag has changed since gruff-0.2.
gruff-0.3.4 updates dependencies for ghc-7.8. Colouring is improved.
gruff-0.3.3 relaxes dependencies for ghc-7.6.
gruff-0.3.1 is a bugfix release, fixing a performance problem wherein offscreen tiles were needlessly calculated. The performance gain is much less (and in many cases is in fact a performance loss) when using integer-simple.
gruff-0.3 includes a small library to allow external programs to create diagrams and animations with gruff. See the gruff-examples package. The interface has been remodelled to simplify it and add informative feature overlays.
gruff-0.2.1 was a bugfix release. Changes since gruff-0.2:
Supersampling bugs are fixed (no more undocumented quantization leading to inconsistent appearance at different zoom levels).
Race condition bugs in cache management are fixed (no more incompletely rendered images).
Internal changes/refactoring to make future additions easier.
Features in this version include:
Interactive fractal browser display with mouse controls:
Left click to zoom in (press shift for bigger jumps).
Right click to zoom out (press shift for bigger jumps).
Middle click to center.
Shift middle click to auto-focus.
Control left click to label with period.
Control right click to label with angled internal address (slow!).
Session persistance (stored in
- states can also be loaded from and saved to other files, including labels and rays). Note that the file format is incompatible with previous releases of gruff.Tile cache (by default in
- symlink it somewhere with a few GB of space if you plan on exploring a lot).Can use MPFR if desired for higher precision, allowing deeper zooms and locating high period nucleii.
Limited amount of customizable colouring (colours for interior, border, and exterior points, as well as labels and rays).
Supersampling for more detailed images (useful range is 1 to 16).
Rudimentary scripting support (see the gruff-examples package).
Future versions will focus on enhancing the scripting support.
Automatic Flags
Name | Description | Default |
mpfr | use MPFR for higher precision floating point | Disabled |
Use -f <flag> to enable a flag, or -f -<flag> to disable that flag. More info
- gruff-0.3.4.tar.gz [browse] (Cabal source package)
- Package description (as included in the package)
Maintainer's Corner
For package maintainers and hackage trustees
Versions [RSS] | 0.1, 0.1.1, 0.2, 0.2.1, 0.3, 0.3.1, 0.3.3, 0.3.4, 0.4 |
Dependencies | base (>=4 && <5), bytestring, containers (<1), directory (>=1 && <2), filepath (>=1 && <2), FTGL (==2.0), gruff (==0.3.4), gtk (>=0.11 && <0.13), gtkglext (>=0.11 && <0.13), hmpfr (>=0.3.2 && <0.4), mtl, old-locale (>=1 && <2), OpenGL (>=2.9 && <2.10), OpenGLRaw (>=1.1 && <2), parallel (>=3.1 && <3.3), qd (>=1 && <2), qd-vec (>=1 && <2), ruff (>=0.3.2 && <0.4), time (>=1 && <2), Vec (>=0.9 && <2) [details] |
License | GPL-2.0-only |
Author | Claude Heiland-Allen |
Maintainer | email@example.com |
Category | Graphics |
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Uploaded | by ClaudeHeilandAllen at 2014-09-22T23:11:23Z |
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Movers in Kennebec Maine
Looking for movers in Kennebec, Maine? Liberty Bell Moving & Storage has the best movers Kennebec, Maine has to offer. If you are looking for local movers in Kennebec, Maine, that provide top notch and quality moving services, we have you covered. Our Kennebec, ME movers are fit and ready to tackle any move. Finding trustworthy movers is not easy, that is why we here at Liberty Bell Moving & Storage pride ourselves with having an A+ rating with the BBB. You can be assured, that if you are looking for movers in Kennebec, Maine, Liberty Bell Moving & Storage provides the best of the best. Our local Kennebec, Maine movers are of the highest caliber and go through extensive training and background checks before they enter your home. We here at Liberty Bell know how stressful moving can be, that is why we want to alleviate that stress by assuring you that our local movers in Kennebec, Maine are unmatched by the competition. For an unparalleled moving experience, give our local Kennebec, ME movers a ring!.
Moving Companies in Kennebec, Maine
When looking for moving companies in Kennebec, Maine, it is important to find one that you can trust, especially when it comes to your valued possessions. We are here at Liberty Bell Moving & Storage want you to have a smooth and safe transition to your new home, and we encourage you to do your research when searching for reputable moving companies in Kennebec, ME. There are a plethora of Kennebec, Maine moving companies in the area that are ready and willing to move your belongings, but not all can be trusted or have the proper training to do the job right. From start to finish we want you to have a terrific moving experience. The stress of moving can be nerve racking, and choosing from local Kennebec, ME moving companies can be a long process. Liberty Bell Moving & Storage is among some of the best moving companies; Kennebec, Maine has to offer. If you are looking for local moving companies in Kennebec, Maine that can transport your goods safely, look no further.


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Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Call: 01984-549141 Address: 33, (4th floor) Shah Ali Tower, Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, kawran Bazar, Dhaka - 1215. Delivery Time: 10AM - 7PM (Dhaka City Only)
৳ 3,999.00
Our delivery time is maximum 6 hours once the payment done.
All of our product is fresh and with great quality.
We deliver free flower inside Dhaka,Bangladesh


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Grand Prize Pack:
- $20 Gift Card from Indiependent Books
- $25 Gift Card to Book Swim
- A book with a secret heart compartment cut out of the middle and lined with red velvet courtesy of the Etsy shop: Book Works
- Either an 8x8 or 8x10 print from the Etsy shop: Erin Reynolds Photography
Signed/unsigned copies of: - The Devil Inside by Jenna Black
- Midnight's Daughter by Karen Chance (signed)
- Embrace the Night by Karen Chance (signed)
- Embers by Laura Bickle
- Blood Law by Jeannie Holmes (signed)
- Under the Northern Lights by Vivian Arend
- Swag pack from: Karen Chance, Faith Hunter, Jenna Black, Leah Cypess, Moira Rogers, Nalini Singh + more.
Please refer to my CONTEST POLICY and the BOTS GRAND PRIZE GIVEAWAY posts for further details about general giveaway guidelines, and about US, Canadian, and International participants.
A link to this post will be provided in the sticky up towards the top right of my blog. If you click on the banner for this event, it will take you to this post. If you ever miss a day, you can refer back here (which will be updated daily with links) to catch up!
- 08/01- Abigail from All Things Urban Fantasy
(US-only) Giveaway: The Darkest Whisper by Gena Showalter
- 08/02- Anastasia Hopcus
(International) Signed book of winner's choice by Keri Arthur & Tim Tams!
- 08/03- (International) Jennifer Rardin
- 08/04- (International) Laura Bickle
- 08/05- (US-only) Artist Arthur
- 08/06- (US-only) Kristin Stefanos
- 08/07- (International) Lara Adrian
- 08/08- (US-only) Andrea Cremer
- 08/09- (US-only) Anita Clenney
- 08/10- (International) Vivan Arend -- Happy release day!
- 08/11- (US-only) Kelly Meding
- 08/12- (International) Laura Stamps
- 08/13- (US-only) Sharon Ashwood
- 08/14- (International) Jeannie Holmes
- 08/15- Julie Kagawa
(US-only) Giveaway: Staked by JF Lewis
- 08/16- Kristi from The Story Siren
(US-only) Giveaway: Signed copy of Siren by Tricia Rayburn
- 08/17- (International) Carolyn Crane
- 08/18- (US-only) Alexandra Ivy
- 08/19- (US-only) Lindsey Leavitt
- 08/20- (US-only) Jaye Wells
- 08/21- (International) DB Reynolds
- 08/22- (International) Jennifer Ashley
- 08/23- (US-only) Jess Haines
- 08/24- (International) Rae Lori
- 08/25- Karsten Knight
(US-only) Giveaway: 3 Signed copies of Shadow of the Vampire by Meagan Hatfield
- 08/26- (US & Canada) Tera Lynn Childs
- 08/27- (US-only) Prize Pack
- 08/28- (US & Canada) Merrie Destefano
- 08/29- (US-only) Leanna Renee Hieber
- 08/30- (International) Dakota Banks
- 08/31- (International) JK Beck
(US-only) Giveaway: 2 signed copies of A HUNGER LIKE NO OTHER & a copy of DEMON FROM THE DARK
***During the duration of Battle of the Sexies, no Cover Wars!, In My Mailbox(es), and the Faerie's Contest Finds will be posted. Since there will be guest appearances and giveaways every single day, I do not want these to interfere with the event. Thirsting for Thursday has been posted on July 29th (that's one week in advance) to make up for August's new releases. I will, however, be posting one or two book reviews (for new releases in August).
Upon the end of the Battle of the Sexies event, I will begin posting everything once more.
Many apologies if this upsets anyone.
Links to Blogs:


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As markets continue to experience unprecedented volatility, we are addressing and answering key concerns and questions from clients.
This week, experts from State Street Global Advisors provided insight on the pandemic's impact on the ETF industry and examined the Fed lending facilities and its effect on fixed income markets thus far.
Related Content
Rory Tobin, Head of Global SPDR Business
Rory Tobin serves as Chairman of State Street Global Advisors EMEA and Head of the Global SPDR ETF business at State Street Global Advisors. In this role, he is responsible for defining, leading and executing the growth strategy for the Global SPDR ETF business. Rory is a member of the firm's Executive Management Group.
Matthew J. Steinaway, CIO of Global Fixed Income, Cash and Currency
Matt Steinaway is a Senior Managing Director of State Street Global Advisors and is the Chief Investment Officer of the firm's Global Fixed Income, Currency and Cash Group. In this role, he oversees a team of approximately 120 professionals managing assets across active, smart beta and passive strategies for fixed income, cash and currency portfolios. Matt joined the company in 2003 and has more than 25 years of credit and investment experience. He is also a member of State Street Global Advisors' Executive Management Group and Investment Committee.
William Ahmuty
Head of SPDR Fixed Income Group
Bill is the Head of SSGA SPDR ETF Fixed Income Group and the SPDR Insurance Team. He is responsible for leading SPDR ETF Fixed Income Institutional sales and strategy and joined the ETF Institutional Sales and Capital Markets Team in 2014. Bill has over 12 years of ETF trading experience across asset classes and over 20 years of market experience.


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Published Date: 2019-08-30 | Pages: 138 | Tables: 168 | Report ID: 7518 | Industry: Chemical & Material | Format :
The global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market is extensively researched about in the report with major focus on the vendor landscape, changes in competition, future growth opportunities, regional expansion, and other important aspects. The report comes out as a powerful tool to gain access to useful insights into the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market and important recommendations to help increase sales and profit margins. It also presents itself as a compilation of intelligent research studies that dig deep into various critical facets of the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market. Market players can safely add the report to their repository of most important resources of accurate information and data related to the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market.
The analysts who have prepared the report are market research experts and possess vast knowledge about the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market. Readers can easily rely on the authentic and unbiased analysis of the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market provided in the report. Some of the vital factors that the report focuses on are CAGR, market size in terms of revenue and production, sales growth, consumer behavior, industry value chain, and market share.
Market DynamicsThe report provides comprehensive assessment of crucial dynamics including growth factors, restraints, challenges, trends, opportunities, and business prospects of the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market. The analysts used primary and secondary research techniques to prepare a broad account of significant market dynamics. The report not only offers a vast study on market dynamics related to current situations but also future scenarios of the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market. It could help players in their efforts to stay ahead of the competition and also prepare well to effectively deal with future challenges in the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market. Importantly, the report also includes an extensive study of market dynamics specific to different market segments and regions.
Market Segments By Product● Mode of Production:Ring Opening Polymerization● Mode of Production:Reaction with Maleic Anhydride
By Application
● Medical Field● Food Sector● Industrial Sector
The analysts authoring the report have segmented the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market by type of product and application. In order to form accurate estimations of the revenue growth of different segmental and sub-segmental markets, the researchers used data triangulation and market breakdown procedures. Readers are provided with thorough analysis of the market potential and growth outlook of all segments studied in the report. Players can use the exhaustive segmental analysis provided in the report to identify key growth pockets of the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market. The analysts studied a number of factors from the supply as well as demand side of the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market to prepare a detailed segmental analysis.
By RegionThe authors of the report have done a brilliant job of pin-pointing specific growth opportunities in each region and country important for the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market. The geographical analysis included in the report offers an in-depth study of growth drivers, trends, and other dynamics of key regional markets. Players can use the information and data provided in the geographical analysis to create result-oriented business expansion plans and strategies specific to each regional market. All of the regional markets analyzed in the report are deeply assessed on the basis of production, consumption, market share, value, volume, growth rate, and other vital factors.
Research MethodologyThe key purpose of the detailed study is to gain insights into the overall performance of the market. This report will assist readers in understanding the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the market. The study begins with an executive summary that consists of brief information about key statistic and findings of the market. Key trends, success factors, segmental and regional analysis, opportunity assessment, and analysis of market structure are some of the important elements covered in this newly published report. This report ends with a dashboard view of the competitive landscape that includes the profiles of various top players operating in the market. The sole purpose behind this is to provide the present status of the competitions in the market.
Key Players
Some of the key players operating in the global Epoxidized Soybean Oil market are
● Arkema
● Galata Chemicals
● The Chemical Company
● American Chemical Service
● Makwell Plasticizers Pvt. Ltd.
● AM Stabilizers
● Changchun Corporation
● Nanya Plastics Corporation
● Hairma Chemicals
● Hebei Jingu Plasticizer
● Xinjinlong Chemical Additives
● Longda Oil Technology
● Puyang Chengyi Plasticizer
● Baolilai Plastic Additives
● Longda Chemical
● Shenzhen Jianjing Plastic Additives
● Shenzhen Kaiqi Chemicals
● Chaohu Xiangfeng Plastic Aids
● Qingzhou City East Industrial
The chemicals and materials sector has been witnessing an exponential rise in the past few years. The industrial boom and infrastructural growth across the globe has had a positive impact on the chemical and materials industry. Chemicals are an integral part of many industries, which, over the years, have created lucrative opportunities for players. Similarly, materials are an indispensable part of myriad industries. The rise of the chemicals and materials sector has been mapped by QYR Consulting through exhaustive research reports.
Analysts have used investigative approach to deduce important elements pertinent to the industry. The reports are aimed towards giving the reader a holistic approach about the industry's development and future scenario. Competitive landscapes have been written with in-depth analysis of the historical data and careful understanding of the management styles. QYR Consulting aims to provide the readers a guided approach towards making well-informed business decisions through its research reports.
We are committed to delivering the best solutions and we offer a 24*7 helpline.
We promise superior quality of authenticated data.
We offer help and advice across varying time zones.
We boast a strong team of experienced analysts.
We have an exhaustive repository of published reports.
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We provide a comprehensive and in-depth analysis in every report that we sell
We own large database which will help our clients to get customized and syndicated research reports
To offer you accurate data, our seasoned analysts will be available to assist you
NOTE – The analysis, thoughts, views, facts, and opinions expressed in this report are of the respective research analysts. QYR Consulting does not necessarily endorse it or it is also not essentially formal views of QYR Consulting.


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Advanced Search
Microsoft's most enduring partnership with Citrix is now more extensive than ever.
How a focus on DevOps is helping Microsoft win the loyalty of incumbent dev shops as they move increasingly to mobile app development.
Better backups, checkpoints and security are highlights of the latest version.
Blockchain is poised to play dual roles that are much more significant than its cryptocurrency beginnings: disrupting conventional commerce, funds exchanges and payments, and establishing sovereign identity credentials at birth -- saving lives and undermining ID theft.
The key factors for deciding whether to use Microsoft's content management system online through the cloud, on-premises using your own hardware, or managed via an IaaS provider.
How to configure and administer Windows Server 2016, including the Nano configuration, with Microsoft's forthcoming Azure-based Remote Server Management Tools option.
Windows Server 2016 TP4 and TP5 now support Docker containers. Learn what this means for the future of IT system and application architectures and how to set up and manage a host using Windows PowerShell.
Four years after acquiring Yammer, Microsoft is still working on integrating it with Office 365. Amid a competitive market of rivals, will it become the default enterprise social network?
Power BI has quickly given Microsoft supremacy in analytics and real-time reporting, but it's only available as an online cloud service. Seeking parity, a revamped on-premises SQL Server Reporting Services 2016 will deliver rich features, such as a new UI, delivery of KPIs and HTML5-based reporting, but integration with Power BI for now is only a statement of direction.
Here's what to expect when you install the first technical preview.
The software for enterprises and hosting providers to build private and hybrid clouds based on the same technology that runs the Microsoft Azure public cloud service is in preview for testers to evaluate. Some say it could bring major changes to the datacenter.
The first major update of Windows 10 will make better use of digital ink, add intelligence and extensibility to Cortana, extend Hello biometric authentication in the Edge browser, and run the Linux Bash Shell from Ubuntu, among numerous other features coming this summer.
The release of SharePoint 2016 means those wedded to InfoPath and SharePoint Designer may need new tools for building or extending workflows into their applications but even this firm's preferred software has limitations.
Microsoft's new Passport for Work helps enroll Windows 10 devices using the new Windows Hello biometric authentication to Active Directory.
Tapping hybrid SharePoint capabilities involves making some configuration changes and meeting certain software requirements, according to an expert.
Many of the tried-and-true shortcut commands still work in the latest version of Windows Server and Windows 10. However, there's a few new additions that you might not know about.
Box CEO Aaron Levie weights in on Microsoft's current lawsuit against the Feds and what it means for the future of protecting customer cloud data.
There's a slow way and a fast way to get this task done. Always go with the fast way.
Reduce duplicate data and free up space quickly with this Windows Server feature.
Microsoft MVP Vlad Catrinescu gives us a thorough grounding on how to think about Microsoft's newest collaboration server.
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Seared abalone
I think it was a success. Considering that it was a totally improvised recipe, the result was a beautifully sticky toffee-like filling with a crunchy brown crumble on top, fairly well balanced in terms of sweetness and sourness. And so good with vanilla ice cream.
For the filling:
2 quinces, peeled, cored and diced
1 cup sugar
1 tsp ground cinnamon
2 tbsp dried cranberries
1 tsp brandy
For the crumble:
(taken from crumble recipe in Sydney Food by Bill Granger)
1 cup plain flour
1 tsp baking powder
1/2 cup firmly packed brown sugar
3 tbsp quick cooking oats
100g butter, chopped into small pieces
Place chopped quince, butter, sugar and cinnamon in a small saucepan on medium heat and stir until butter has melted. Cover and allow to boil for 20 minutes, stirring every few minutes. Uncover and lower heat and continue to stir for about half an hour until the sauce thickens and the quince is softened. Taste quinces and add sugar if it is still too tart.


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Records Including All Courts, Estate, Probate & Wills |
Land & Deed Records | Military Records | Newspapers | |
Obituaries | Pictures See Cemetery Records for Tombstone Photos |
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Records Births, Marriages, Deaths & Social Security |
The COGenWeb Project - Boulder County
If you have genealogical data you would like to contribute to any of these Colorado Archives pages, please read the Guidelines for Submissions and submit your files immediately by utilizing online submission form.
NOTICE: Printing the files within by non-commercial individuals and libraries is encouraged, as long as all notices and submitter information is included. Any other use, including copying files to other sites requires permission from the submitters PRIOR to uploading to any other sites. We encourage links to the state and county tables of content.
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This page last updated - Monday, 24-May-2010 15:53:06 EDT


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Welcome to the American Association of Commercial Finance Brokers (AACFB), the premier organization supporting the commercial finance broker. AACFB is a one-stop broker resource, providing our members with business tools, funding sources and a network of powerful resources. We provide a strong foundation for owning and operating a successful commercial financing business.READ MORE
AACFB is the premier trade association empowering the independent commercial financing professional and providing direct access to their funding source partners. We represent an estimated $12 billion worth of origination and transaction placement.READ MORE


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Flooding and capsize of ro-ro passenger ferry Herald of Free Enterprise with loss of 193 lives
Location: Off the Port of Zeebrugge, Belgium.
Formal Investigation Report: Herald of Free Enterprise
Ordered by the Secretary of State for Transport, this Formal Investigation was carried out by the Hon. Mr Justice Sheen, Wreck Commissioner:
The flooding and subsequent capsize of the roll on/roll off passenger ferry Herald of Free Enterprise, on 6 March 1987, resulted in the loss of 193 lives.
The formal investigation report was published in September the same year and details 188 confirmed fatalities.
One of the outcomes of the investigation of this accident was the formation of the Marine Accident Investigation Branch (MAIB) in 1989.