text:
Manufacturer Part Number: 15-10-266
Product Condition: New
This is an OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) part
We strongly recommend that you verify the compatibility of this part with your specific appliance model to ensure proper fit, function, and safety.
Designed for:
This Part is No Longer Available (NLA)
This item is no longer being made by the manufacturer. If we show inventory or the part shows in stock, then it is available at our warehouse, but once we sell out - there's a very good chance that you will not be able to get the part again.
If we show that we have no stock:
What can you do?
Here are a few suggestions that may help:- Contact the manufacture. They will need your model number and may be able to provide alternative solution.
- Contact local parts supply stores, they may be able to help, sometimes they may be able to fix the part.
- Contact an appliance technician. They may be able to fix the part or have alternative solutions.
- Try searching on Google using your part number to see if you can find another solution.
- Try eBay, Amazon, and Craigslist
- Try a used appliance parts store.
This part has an alternate Part Number(00484687) which means that you may receive the CORRECT part with a different part number. If you recieve a part with the indicated part number - it is the functional equivalent and is manufactured within manufacturer specs.
You can learn more about Alternate Part Numbers here.
Bosch Thermador Support 15-10-266
Cancer and Reproductive Harm - Prop 65 WARNING(S)
Mfg Part No.:
Product Condition: New
Product Type:OEM Part
This part has our own one year warranty service!


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Book Review: An economist gets lunch
Monday, May 7th, 2012Cowen, Tyler. An economist gets lunch : new rules for everyday foodies. Dutton, 2012.
The words "everyday foodies" in the title of Tyler Cowen's book were what first attracted my interest. Even though I plead guilty to being a "foodie", I cringe a bit inside when I write or say it. The word has an elitist whiff to it.
An "everyday foodie" sounds more down-to-earth and approachable; and much of An Economist Gets Lunch focuses on distinguishing the behaviors of the everyday foodie from those of the food snob and the thoughtless consumer. Cowen does readers and mindful eaters a great service by explaining both the positive and negative effects of America's food supply chain. He also provides guidelines to help the reader make every meal count, realize that good food is often cheap food, and to be innovative as consumers.
If you'll pardon the pun, the meat of An Economist Gets Lunch begins in Chapter 7 ("Another Agricultural Revolution, Now"). Cowen starts with the revelation that corn as we now know it is the product of progressive genetic engineering, i.e. selective breeding, practiced over millennia by farmers in central Mexico. It was the first "Green Revolution".
This will probably surprise readers who reflexively refer to modern day genetically modified grains as "Frankenfood". Cowen's passionate and well-reasoned defense of GMOs (genetically modified organisms) later in the chapter is foreshadowed by his description of the third Green Revolution — the adaptation of American agricultural technologies for practical use in poorer countries to improve crop yields and dramatically reduce deaths from hunger. According to Cowen, these benefits of technological progress and agricultural commercialization demonstrate that "the agribusiness platform … the food infrastructure of the modern world, is one to build upon and improve, rather than throw away."
It may sound as if the author is a full-throated supporter of Big Agribusiness; but his arguments for carbon taxes set by governments to modify consumer behavior makes it clear that this is not the case. It is ironic that Cowen spends many pages empowering consumers to make intelligent, thoughtful choices about how and what they eat; yet he concludes here that it would be just too difficult for consumers to accurately make choices about what foods are the most or least "green".
Another irony, really a self-contradiction, is Cowen's suggestion to "minimize the number of car trips" required to support food consumption; and yet throughout the book, he emphasizes the value of increased travel as critical to the education and experience of the everyday foodie.
An Economist Gets Lunch is an interesting and informative read in that it opens readers' eyes to the currently under-reported benefits of our US food supply chain, and the humanitarian value of GMO food crops. But the "food advice" chapters progressively read like lightly edited blog posts, and assume readers will have access to a metropolitan setting like the author's. Cowen's generalizations about locavores — "those who eat local foods, either mostly or exclusively" as being driven by a desire for "a feel-good attitude" are also too sweeping, and slightly hypocritical, in this reviewer's opinion, given Cowen's high praise for local foods in other countries.
An Economist Gets Lunch is recommended, like a good restaurant, with reservations.
© Reviewer: Carlton Brown & Ford Library – Fuqua School of Business.
All rights reserved.

subset: commoncrawl


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Deferred Payment Scheme Calculator
Deferred Payment Scheme (DPS) allows home owners to start servicing their loan only when the EC is ready for occupation, ie; when owners receive the keys to their EC. Deferred Payment Scheme is most popular amongst buyers who currently own a HDB and have monthly instalments to service. This allows them to better manage their finances as they do not have to service both loans (HDB & EC) concurrently.


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The Parable of the Vineyard appears in three of the gospels (Matthew 21:33-46; Mark 12:1-12; Luke 20:9-19), with Matthew's account being the most complete. However, there are additions in the others; hence, it is wise to study all three accounts so as to achieve the greatest understanding. To get the context of what is happening, we need to look at Matthew 21:18. Early in the morning, Jesus goes to the temple courts to teach (21:23). While He is teaching, the chief priest and elders confront Him, wanting to know by what authority He is teaching. Not allowing them to control the conversation, Jesus answers the question by first asking a question (21:24-26). They do not like His question nor His response to their answer; essentially, He has told them that they can't save face from their obvious attempt to cajole Him and, therefore, He is not obligated to answer their question (21:27). What Jesus told them is that John the Baptist and He received their authority from the same source. This exchange causes the leaders to become angry and puts them in opposition to Jesus. Jesus then further frustrates the priests by telling two parables: the first one is the Parable of the Two Sons, and the second is the Parable of the Vineyard, sometimes called the Parable of the Wicked Tenants.
The first parable Jesus teaches tells the priests that they have claimed to accept the message from God but they have failed to live up to it by being obedient. Outwardly, they are pious and appear to be people of God, but God knows the heart, and there they have failed miserably. The next parable (the Parable of the Vineyard) is like pouring salt on a wound. Just in case they didn't fully understand (which they did), Jesus gives a much clearer picture of what He means. Obviously, this further infuriates the priests, but it also gives the others who were present an opportunity to hear Jesus fully explain the implications of the disobedience of the Jewish people throughout the ages.
Background: There are 6 main characters in this parable: 1) the landowner—God, 2) the vineyard—Israel, 3) the tenants/farmers—the Jewish religious leadership, 4) the landowner's servants—the prophets who remained obedient and preached God's word to the people of Israel, 5) the son—Jesus, and 6) the other tenants—the Gentiles. The imagery used is similar to Isaiah's parable of the vineyard (it would be prudent to study this also) found in Isaiah chapter 5. The watchtower and the wall mentioned in verse 33 are means of protecting the vineyard and the ripened grapes. The winepress is obviously for stamping out the juice of the grapes to make the wine. The farmer was apparently away at the time of harvest and had rented the vineyard to the tenants. This was customary of the times, and he could expect as much as half of the grapes as payment by the tenants for use of his land.
Explanation: Verses 34-36 tell us the landowner sent his servants to collect his portion of the harvest and how they were cruelly rejected by the tenants; some were beaten, stoned, and even killed. Then he sent even more the second time and they received the same treatment. The servants sent represent the prophets that God had sent to His people/Israel and then were rejected and killed by the very people who were claiming to be of God and obedient to Him. Jeremiah was beaten (Jeremiah 26:7-11; 38:1-28), John the Baptist was killed (Matthew 14:1-12), and others were stoned (2 Chronicles 24:21). In this parable Jesus is not only reminding the religious establishment what they were like, but He was putting in their minds a question: how could they claim obedience as God's people and still reject His messengers? We don't know how many servants the owner sent, but that is not what is important; the theme is God's repeated appeal through His prophets to an unrepentant people. In the next verses (37-39), the situation becomes even more critical. The landowner sends his own son, believing that they will surely respect him. But the tenants see an opportunity here; they believe that if they kill the son they will then receive his inheritance. The law at the time provided that if there were no heirs then the property would pass to those in possession (possession is nine tenths of the law). This amounts to conspiracy to commit murder by the Jewish leadership, and it is prophetic in the sense that Jesus is now telling them what they are going to do to Him (see Psalm 118:22; Isaiah 28:16). After Jesus' death, Peter would make the same charges against the religious establishment (Acts 4:8-12). The tenants probably thought that the fight for the property was over, but it wasn't; the owner would now appear on the scene.
Jesus now (vs.40-41) asks the question, what will the owner do to the evil tenants? What He is doing is forcing the religious leaders/priests to declare their own miserable fate: condemnation for their blatant disobedience. This is similar to the question that Nathan put to David (2 Samuel 12:1-7). Up to this point, Jesus has been dealing with the immediate situation of Israel and its past disobedience; now Jesus leaves open the question of what Israel's leadership is going to do with the Messiah, the Son of God, whom He refers to as the "chief cornerstone" (vs 42). Cornerstones and capstones are used symbolically in Scripture and picture Christ as the main piece of the foundation of the church and the head of the church, respectively. Jesus is the beginning of and is foundational to the church, and He now stands over the church in His rightful position of honor, guiding the church to fulfill its divine destiny. This verse makes clear prophetically how Jesus will be rejected by the religious establishment and ultimately be crucified (see Psalm 118:22-23).
The key to understanding this parable and what it says about the religious leaders is found in verse 43, where Jesus makes their lack of obedience personal. Jesus tells the leaders that because of their disobedience they will be left out of the kingdom of heaven (individually and as a people); that they have let their opportunity for the time being slip away to be given to the Gentiles (see verse 41, "other tenants"). This will be more than they can tolerate, as we will see in verses 45 and 46. He is saying that there will be a new people of God made up of all peoples who will temporarily replace the Jews so that Jesus can establish His church. This will change the way God deals with man, from the old dispensation of the law to a new dispensation of God's grace. It will usher in a period of time where man will no longer understand forgiveness of sins as man's work through what he does or doesn't do or by the sacrifices of animals on the altar, but by the work of Christ on the cross. It will be a time where each individual can have a personal and saving relationship with the One and only God of the universe. The exciting part of the verse is the phrase "who will produce fruit"; this gives authority to the church to share the gospel of Christ to the lost of the world. Up to this time, the Jews felt that they had automatic membership in God's kingdom because of their relationship to Abraham; this is why they put so much emphasis on genealogies. But the new people of God would truly have what God wanted for Israel all along: a personal and holy relationship that would be honored through the spreading of God's word to all peoples (see Exodus 19:5-6).
Jesus continues the stone metaphor in verse 44 to show how a stone can be used to build something beautiful, such as His church, or it can be used to crush and destroy, depending on the situation. This could be likened to God's word: to some it is salvation, peace and comfort. To others it is foolish and disconcerting because of its ability to convict man of his sins (2 Timothy 3:16).
Verses 45 and 46 give us three insights into the psyche of the chief priest of the religious establishment. 1) They are jealous and envious of Jesus' popularity with the common people. This encroaches on their authority and power to govern. 2) They have come to the realization that Jesus is talking about them. This hurts their pride and embarrasses them in front of the people. 3) They understood the analogy of the son and that Jesus was referring to Himself. This would be blasphemous to them, and they would now seek to kill Jesus. From here the leaders would meet in secrecy to plot how they would get rid of Jesus. Why all the secrecy? The people thought of Jesus as a prophet from God; arresting Him could cause an uprising. An uprising would jeopardize the leaders' relationship with the Roman authorities, something that the Jews did not want at any cost.
Application: We apply this parable to our lives by asking two questions; first, have you come to know Christ as your Lord and Savior, or have you rejected Him like the Jewish leadership did? The process is simple, as long as you are sincere in seeking a relationship with Christ. You need to recognize your sins, and then accept Christ as the only One who can save you from the penalty of your sins. Second, if you are a believer, what have you done with Jesus? Are you like the bad tenants, rejecting His Word and living a life of disobedience? If you are, you need to study God's Word and pray for guidance, seeking His will for your life and living out that will as best as you can, moment by moment, day by day.


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Javascript Mandelbrot Set Fractal Renderer
While at linux.conf.au earlier this year, I started hacking on a Mandelbrot Set fractal renderer implemented in JavaScript as a way to polish my JS skills. In particular, I wanted to get to know the HTML5 Canvas and Worker APIs.
The results turned out pretty well. Click on the image below to try it out:
Clicking anywhere on the fractal will zoom in. You'll need to reload the page to zoom out. Zooming in while the fractal is still being rendered will interrupt the previous rendering job.
All the calculations are done via web workers, so should not block the UI. The algorithms used to calculate these types of fractals are easy to parallelise, so it was not particularly difficult to add more workers. One side effect of this is that the lines of the fractal don't always get rendered in order.
With Chromium, this maxes out all six cores on my desktop system. In contrast, Firefox only keeps three cores busy. As workers are not directly tied to operating system threads, this may just mean that Firefox allocates fewer threads for running workers. I haven't tested any other browsers.
Browser technology certainly has progressed quite a bit in the last few years.


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Two open hardware pioneers have combined forces to bring the famously
easy-to-use experience of Arduino to a high-performance ARM®-based Linux computer and prototyping platform derived from the open hardware designs of BeagleBoard.org and Arduino Leonardo. As an open hardware project, BeagleBoard.org's collaboration with Arduino helps to advance accessible technology for artists, designers, hobbyists and anyone interested in creating interactive objects or environments everywhere.
Arduino familiarity, freed from the tether of a laptop
For many projects that previously required an external computer, the Arduino
TRE will provide all the necessary tools on one small board at an affordable
price with low power consumption. Programmable in Arduino's highly accessible C-derived language with open source roots in Processing and Wiring, Arduino TRE enables users to target real-time microcontroller tasks or Linux tasks using open source libraries supporting vision and graphics functionality. Arduino TRE provides a combination of instant familiarity with a monumental jump in performance and available software to extend the experience.
Arduino TRE features the processor that powers BeagleBone Black, a TI
Sitara AM335x. It also features a common footprint and electronics as the Arduino Leonardo, enabling compatibility with a huge variety of Arduino shields. Further integration includes a 4-port USB hub for hosting a large number of standard USB peripherals, a 2-port USB hub on the client side for simultaneous access to both integrated processors on-board, a stereo audio codec with standard 1/8th" stereo speaker and line-input jacks, a dedicated XBee connector for wireless communications and a full-sized HDMI connector.
See the pictures below and the post on arduino.cc for additional preview information.
BeagleBoard.org is a community built on openness and a commitment to longevity
For BeagleBoard.org, this alliance is a true honor that we hope will
positively shape collaboration in the open hardware world moving forward,
growing the abilities of developers using open tools and advancing open
hardware platforms optimized for running the largest body of open source
software. While this will be an Arduino product, supported through the
Arduino forums, the BeagleBoard.org discussion group has consistently been a place for lively discussion of all platforms and pride in BeagleBoard.org
workmanship is inescapable.
While Arduino TRE prototype development was initially done with a relatively
small group of collaborators, including the BeagleBoard.org Foundation, the
plan is to now move quickly into an open development phase where broad
community feedback and contributions will play a critical role in the final
development of the product. Because of this, we can't say exactly when the
final version of the product will ship, but developers can look to be fully
informed of ongoing development work in the future so they can make informed decisions on when to become active with their own projects.
We find incredible satisfaction in this collaboration with Arduino and look forward to working with other individuals and groups who can see benefit in advancing open hardware based platforms optimized for running the most open source software and growing the body of developers using open tools, especially including all existing BeagleBoard.org platforms and the new Arduino TRE. We can't wait to find out what you will create!


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Microsoft hears gamer requests, reveals free Xbox One Chat Headset in official unboxing video
We're all pumped for the Xbox One's impending launch. We still don't know exactly when the console will appear in stores other than the month of November. It must be getting close at any rate because Microsoft has just released an official unboxing video as well as three accessory-specific videos.
Normally I don't care for unboxing videos, but this one is an exception. For one: it gives us a nice look at how the Xbox one's components relate to each other in size, not to mention the ports on the back and side of the console. All good things.
The real news however is what comes inside the box. It's got all the stuff we expected plus one item we didn't… a Chat Headset! And the video reveals that the Chat Headset won't just come with the "Day One Edition" of the console. It will be included with every system. That's a victory for communication and teamwork in Xbox One games!
Communication is key
The headset's inclusion is big news because Microsoft had originally announced that the Xbox One would launch without one. Their reasoning was that the Kinect's microphone would allow voice communication, making a headset pack-in unnecessary.
This rubbed gamers the wrong way for multiple reasons:
- The original Kinect's speakerphone-style communication picks up more background noise than a headset, resulting in inferior sound quality.
- The Playstation 4 costs $100 less than an Xbox One and includes a headset.
- Corded headsets cost Microsoft like a dollar to make (maybe two dollars this time due to the nice buttons) and yet add an immeasurable value to the online experience in games.
- The Xbox 360 launched with a bundled headset and created a standard that gamers expect Microsoft to live up to with subsequent consoles.
Headsets really are an irreplaceable accessory in modern online gaming. So many games involve teamwork, whether it's Call of Duty, Halo, or the upcoming Titanfall and Battlefield 4.
The ability to actually communicate with each other and strategize is paramount to the team-based or cooperative experience. Yes, a team of voiceless nobodies can still win a game, but they're at a disadvantage compared to a talkative team.
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Playing with somebody who can't talk, you might as well be playing with a bot. Socializing is half the fun in multiplayer gaming. Plus everybody hates the guy with no headset, so you don't want to be that guy.
Closer look at the Chat Headset
Now that we've established the importance of having a headset when playing online, let's look at the packed-in Chat Headset itself. The new headset has mute and volume controls built right in at the case where it connects to the controller. This allows users to make adjustments without reaching away from the controller during gameplay. So did the original Xbox 360 headset before Microsoft switched designs. But the new volume controls actually look much more attractive and easy to use.
I'm not going to lie to you – headsets with thin cords like this one will undoubtedly have are just designed to break. The wires get bent around too much inside and break apart internally. But still, even a cheap headset's inclusion sets the precedent that Microsoft wants online players talking to each other. And if your headset does give out, you can always replace it with the same model ($24.99) or a more durable one.
Xbox One Controller
Next up is a closer look at the Xbox One's beautiful new controller. It closely resembles the old style but has at least three major improvements:
- The d-pad is a much more responsive and accurate design.
- The triggers have built-in vibration, independent from the main controller vibration.
- The analog sticks have been tweaked for comfort and responsiveness.
The Xbox One Controller will retail for $59.99.
Play and Charge Kit
Finally, the new Play And Charge Kit works much the same as the Xbox 360's version. It's a rechargeable battery pack that can be charged by plugging the controller into the console. The charging cord is 9 feet, and you can use the controller while charging.
The innovation on the new model is you can charge the battery pack outside of a controller. That should be handy for people who own more battery packs than they do controllers.
The Play and Charge Kit will sell for $24.99. It will also come bundled with a controller for $74.99, a $10 savings.
Paul Acevedo is the Games Editor at Windows Central. A lifelong gamer, he has written about videogames for over 15 years and reviewed over 350 games for our site. Follow him on Twitter @PaulRAcevedo. Don't hate. Appreciate!


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Moving from one place to another requires lots of preparation and execution. We need to pack and unpack all our goods and also transport them to our desired location. Hamilton Removalists take care of all our demands and help us to pack our goods with the best packaging to ensure the safety and security of our goods. They also help us to unpack and assemble our goods in Ferndale to assure us that we do not damage our goods during unpacking. It is important for us to hire professional packers and unpackers in Ferndale to reduce our work and help us carry out a smooth and quick relocation. Our movers and packers are always on time and never delay the process. Our pack and unpack services are available at cheap prices in Ferndale.
Packers and unpackers in Ferndale work hard to provide customer satisfaction to all our clients. We also make sure to provide the most affordable and cheap pack and unpack services in Ferndale. We even allow our customers to book only our pack and unpack services in Ferndale. They don't have to hire other services if they don't need them. This allows our customers to choose the service that they need without paying for things that they do not need.
Hamilton Removalists have been a part of the removal industry since the year 2013. During this time, they have gained the experience and the skills to carry out a smooth and easy relocation all over Ferndale.
Hamilton Removalists offer several other services along with pack and unpack in Ferndale. Some of the services offered include piano removals, office removals, house cleaning services, commercial deliveries, flat relocations, and many more. Hamilton Removalists take care of everything from packing all your goods to transporting them, to unloading and finally assembling them at your desired destination. All you have to do is book our pack and unpack services and we will do the rest of the work.
Our packers and movers at Ferndale removalists will visit your house for a quick and short survey. Our movers in Ferndale will look at the size of the furniture, door frame size, and other factors to come up with an accurate cost for the packing and unpacking. After the survey, Hamilton Removalists will give you a free quote for the total expenditure that will incur during the packing and unpacking service in Ferndale. If you decide to book our packers and movers in Ferndale, we will come to your house on the relocation day. Our movers will determine whether to disassemble your goods or not and will pack it using the best packaging. After that, our packers and movers in Ferndale will assemble it at the desired location in the room of your choice. All you need to do is inform Hamilton Removalists beforehand so that we can give you the quote accordingly.
Hamilton Removalists have a team of the most qualified and skilled employees who ensure that you have a safe and secure relocation and also make sure that the entire process is complete on time. All you have to do is book our packers and movers in Ferndale will be at your service. They will take care of all your packing and unpacking while you sit and relax. This gives you the time and energy to focus on other things that you want to do.
Hamilton Removalists provide cheap packing and unpacking services. These are the advantages of hiring packers and movers in Ferndale:
Packing is a time-consuming process, and it takes a lot of time. Time taken to pack all your goods will depend on some factors such as:
First, we need to categorize the goods according to their needs and usage. Then we pack them carefully. Fragile and delicate items are given priority and will be packed using a double packing layer to ensure their safety.
Yes, our movers will bring all the packing material with them. Expert movers have all the knowledge of the kind and quality of material used in packing products, so it will be better if you let us bring all the material. It will save your time and save your money too. But in case you already have packing material, you can inform us before we reach your home.
The number of packers you will need will depend on the quantity and time. The first factor is quantity; the more the quantity and size of the item, the more packers will be needed. And the second factor is time, some customers have a specific time for their move, so in this case, we may need to have some more packers to finish the packaging of your items in the given time period.
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I wanted to relocate my office from the 1st floor to the 8th floor in the building and I was worried that the movers will damage my goods as the stairs are slightly packed. However, the team of movers at Hamilton removalists did a fantastic job.
Moving with children is a very difficult task as they keep moving from one place to another. I wanted someone to reduce my stress and help me in relocating my furniture. I hired Hamilton removalists after a recommendation from my friend and will definitely hire them again.
Hamilton removalists are my number one choice when it comes to relocations across Hamilton. They have a team of the most dedicated and wonderful movers in Hamilton who work hard throughout the move to ensure the customers are satisfied.
Choose from the list of services depending on your requirements from our website. Get the quote and book the service.
All your goods will be packed using the best packaging tools to ensure a safe and secure relocation.
Hamilton removalists will safely load all your goods and belongings in the trucks. You may assist them if you want.
Hamilton removalists will take complete guarantee of your goods and ensure that they safely reach the desired destination.


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If you have technical questions, please create a support ticket in the DevExpress Support Center.
This demo shows how to implement cascading lookups:
Configure the primary lookup
A column's lookup is configured in the lookup object. Assign an array of items to the lookup's dataSource. Then specify the valueExpr and displayExpr properties if the data source contains objects. (See theStateID
column.) -
Configure the secondary lookup
The secondary lookup has a similar configuration, but its dataSource should be a function so that you can dynamically filter the lookup. (See step 3.) -
Connect the lookups
To filter the secondary lookup's items based on the primary lookup's value, specify the filter property in the secondary lookup's dataSource. (See theCityID
column). -
Reset the secondary lookup when the primary lookup's value is changed
Use the setCellValue function as shown in theStateID
column's configuration. -
Disable the secondary lookup until the primary lookup's value is set
Use the onEditorPreparing handler for this.
After you configure lookups, enable edit operations. Specify the required editing.mode and set the editing object's allowUpdating, allowAdding, and allowDeleting properties to true.


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Galaxy Communications is one of the world's leading telecommunications companies and an major economic engine of both Metropolis and the United States. Galaxy Communications also supplies cable service and phone service to customers in Metropolis. It has a broadband division that supplies Americans with cable and digital television services, and also produces several periodicals and books through its subsidiary Galaxy Publishing.
Originally spearheaded by Morgan Edge, an article by Daily Planet reporter Clark Kent revealed that Edge was also in command of Intergang, one of Metropolis's most notorious criminal organizations. This eventually led to Morgan's father Vincent Edge taking over Galaxy Communication. However, he too was ousted from the corporation, as it was exposed that he continuously made Catherine Grant the victim of repeated sexual harassment.
Galaxy Communications shares a loose alliance with The Daily Planet, as they are two of the leading centers for truth and accuracy throughout the city's media. They are aggressively opposed by LexCorp, which operates WLEX-TV, a major television station in Metropolis; and LexCom, an internet site that serves as a digital news center. As it is offered over the internet, LexCom has a great access to mainstream America, minus the costs of publishing. LexCorp's owner, Lex Luthor, manipulates nearly two-thirds of Metropolis business. Galaxy Communications stands as the leading major media empire which provides the citizens of Metropolis with information and entertainment.


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I would like to point out that, at least in the case of Gmail, the UIDs of emails are changed if they are moved from one folder to another. Even if moved back to the same folder the UIDs get incremented and thus changed.
I found this the hard way after relaying on the notion that UIDs do not change as I found almost everywhere in the docs.


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Seachem MatrixCarbon
Seachem MatrixCarbon
MatrixCarbon™ is a truly unique activated carbon. It is formed as a spherical bead for optimum hydrodynamics, and will not pack. It permits maximum water flow and contact with its high density of macroporous binding sites. MatrixCarbon™ has a very low ash content as indicated by its minimal impact on pH. Even when added to distilled water, it does not raise pH above 7.0. While all carbons contain phosphate, regardless of false claims to the contrary, MatrixCarbon™ has the lowest detectable leachable phosphate content of all major carbon brands tested. MatrixCarbon™ outperforms other high grade carbons by at least two-fold when compared for total capacity to remove aquarium organic matter, rate of adsorption, and duration of use.
While carbon is generally considered to be a chemical filter, that is not precisely true. It is in fact a mechanical filter as well, but it is only capable of mechanically filtering objects of molecular size. It functions through extremely small cracks and crevices, called macropores and micropores. Microporous carbons remove primarily metals and smaller ions (like trace minerals) and are best suited to air filtration, while macroporous carbons remove primarily larger organic molecules (like nitrogenous waste) and are best suited to water filtration.
The ingredients from which a carbon is manufactured determine whether it will be macro- or microporous. Carbons made from coconut shell and other organic products form microporous carbons, while carbons made from bituminous coal form macroporous carbons. MatrixCarbon™ is a bituminous coal-based, macroporous carbon. It is the only spherical carbon on the market, allowing for maximum water flow. It is sized to allow full penetration by water, but not small enough to escape filter bags. All carbons contain phosphate. However, that phosphate DOES NOT come from washing the carbon with phosphoric acid. Most carbons are washed with sulfuric acid. The phosphate is contained in the ash from the carbon source. The main purpose of acid-washing is to remove ash. Because of MatrixCarbon's™ hydrodynamic properties, more ash is washed from our carbon than any other. Therefore, it has the lowest leachable phosphate on the market.
- High efficiency spherical carbon
- Very little impact on pH due to low ash content
- Lowest leachable phosphate level on market
- High removal capacity; large surface area
250 mL will easily treat 400 L (100 US gallons) for several months. Use in a filter bag. Rinse before use. For best results, MatrixCarbon™ should be placed so as to maximize the flow of water through it. It may be used in a canister filter, chemical filtration module, box filter, or any high flow area of a trickle filter.


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Could Pig Worms Lead to the Cure for Type 1?
Research into a cure for type 1 diabetes proceeds on several fronts. One interesting approach is seeking ways to manipulate the autoimmune system to prevent the body's mistaken destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Another tack is the transplantation of pancreatic tissue, either from human cadavers or carefully isolated "clean" pigs that have been specially raised for the purpose.
It turns out pigs will be crucial to both approaches. Burlington, Mass.-based Coronado Biosciences is looking into using pig worm ova as shields against autoimmune attacks on the pancreatic cells.
In a recent interview with me, Karin Hehenberger, MD, PhD, chief medical officer at Coronado Biosciences, explained the fascinating thinking behind this line of research, called "Trichuris Suis Ova Suspension" (TSO).
Nadia: In your research with Coronado, you're using pig worms to modulate the immune system?
Dr. Hehenberger: Yes, our company is in clinical trials using pig worm ova. We place the eggs in a 15 mL saline solution that we give orally to patients every two weeks. In humans, the ova develop into microscopic larvae, but don't-and cannot-become worms. That's because pigs are their natural host and humans are not, so they can't really colonize a human.
But what they do is modulate the autoimmune system. For the two or three weeks that they live in the human intestine, their presence makes the autoimmune system focus on and attack them rather than other targets, such as pancreatic beta cells. In a way, they act as a drug patch that diverts the autoimmune system.
In people with autoimmune disease, instead of fighting outside dangers, which we normally do when there's an infection, for example a virus or a bacteria, they fight their own bodies. There's a switch where something goes wrong in the development of the immune system in very young people. It may even start in utero. So the autoimmune system needs to be retrained. In TSO, we're introducing an outside agent for the autoimmune system to deal with, with the result that we get a decrease of the pro-inflammatory markers usually associated with autoimmune disease and an increase in certain good markers that indicate the autoimmune system is doing its intended job.
Nadia: Why dose every two weeks? Wouldn't it be better to find a way to keep the ova in the body permanently?
Dr. Hehenberger: It wouldn't be good to permanently colonize a patient with the ova because then it would be difficult to get rid of them if you wanted to.
Nadia: Do patients have any aesthetic problems with drinking the solution?
Dr. Hehenberger: You can't see the eggs. They're microscopic and the solution is tasteless and odorless.
Nadia: Assuming this approach works, I'd anticipate a very large demand for your product. How does Coronado plan on meeting market demand?
Dr. Hehenberger: That's a good question. We announced a few weeks ago in a press release that we are building a second manufacturing source in the US. Right now, the pigs are raised and the manufacturing is done in Europe. Even at that distance, the process is extremely efficient. From just one pig you can produce essentially millions of doses of this product, so you can supply any number of patients with the product. If this approach is successful, we won't need a large number of pigs to address the entire market. We also hope to use this approach in many different indications. Its whole mechanism of action is applicable across the spectrum of autoimmune diseases.
Nadia: Conceivably you could give someone a solution for the pancreas, another for the nervous system, or multiple sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis?
Dr. Hehenberger: Exactly. That's why we are initiating a number of different trials, because we do have to prove that it works in these different indications. Our current primary indication is in gastrointestinal disease, specifically Crohn's disease. That's where our Phase II trial is. We also have a number of other trials that are ongoing in MS and RA, and we are about to start studies on psoriasis and type 1 diabetes. We also just started a study on autism.
Because we're going through a regulatory process, we're working closely with the FDA in the US and with the EMA in Europe. We need to show, of course, that it's efficient and safe.
Nadia: How do the different trial phases work?
Dr. Hehenberger: As soon as you start clinical trials, you have to do them with human beings. Phase I is normally with healthy volunteers, so it's a study really just to check safety. We did Phase I trial with a group of patients with Crohn's disease, but we only gave them one dose. That was enough for the FDA to give us permission to go forward into a Phase II trial.
Phase II is normally a dose-ranging study where Coronado is tracking 220 U.S. patients and our European partner, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH, is tracking 250 European patients. By the end of 2013, we will have data from almost 500 Crohn's disease patients.
If Phase II is successful, the company will decide to go to Phase III, which will involve thousands of patients. Essentially Phase I is usually 20 to 50 patients, or even fewer. In Phase II, where you're looking at what dose to use in Phase III, you have a few hundred patients-up to maybe 300 or 400. In Phase III, it will be probably be 2,000 patients. So it really ramps up as you go to larger studies and further along the regulatory pathway.
Nadia: How do you assure consistency in the pig worm ova so that each batch is exactly the same?
Dr. Hehenberger: These are clean pigs. They're kept in a very regulated, virus-free, pathogen-free environment in Denmark. They, and the people who tend them, are tested regularly. You cannot walk in there without wearing a mask and gown, and there are specific standard operating procedures people have to observe. The manufacturing facility is inspected regularly by the European authorities. The manufacturing facility we're building in the US will operate under the same kind of tight regulations.
So you're absolutely right, the ova have to be produced consistently, and the cleanliness and health of the pigs are crucial. There are many tests we do on the product to make sure that, first of all, it doesn't have any contaminants. Secondly, if we've set the dose at 7,500 ova, every time we give that dose, it must have 7,500 ova, and those ova must be viable.
Nadia: If this formula were to be approved for people with type 1 diabetes, would they go to the pharmacy to pick it up?
Dr. Hehenberger: It's a 15 mL solution, so it would come in a small bottle. It would have to be refrigerated and dispensed from a specialty pharmacy, so it probably would be a prescription by a physician. You'd keep it in the fridge, similar to how you store insulin.
The Personal Side of
Dr. Hehenberger's Work
Nadia: You have a personal interest in type 1 diabetes?
Dr. Hehenberger: I do. I developed type 1 diabetes when I was 16. The first 10 years with diabetes, everything went really well. I was in high school and then went on to medical school. But the 10 years after that, when I worked in different places, it was more difficult to control.
Nadia: Was that because of an erratic work schedule?
Dr. Hehenberger: Yes. When you're working and being stressed, you don't have as much control even if you're perfectly healthy otherwise. So I developed complications after about 20 years with the disease. Over a very short period of time, my kidney function deteriorated from almost normal to less than 10 percent functioning. It was absolutely devastating. I had to change my diet, couldn't have protein, and I lost a lot of weight. I became obviously very tired. Kidneys essentially clean the system, so I had lots of toxins in my body because my kidneys didn't work well enough.
When you have kidney failure, you only have two options: One is to go on dialysis and the other one is to try to find a kidney match. Once they told me I needed a transplant or to go on dialysis, they said that with my blood type, I probably would have to wait between five to 10 years to get a transplant from a deceased donor.
Nadia: Were you able to find a kidney donor?
Dr. Hehenberger: I was incredibly fortunate: My father gave me one of his kidneys for the transplant. I was very lucky to have a father who was both a good match and very healthy. He actually volunteered to give me a kidney, which was fantastic! So I got the kidney from him and, essentially, that helped me so that I could go on living. Otherwise I would have been on dialysis, and the average time a person with diabetes survives on dialysis is five years. It would have been a terrible time for me and I probably couldn't have worked because I would have had to go every two days to get dialysis and it really would have drained me.
The transplant cured my kidney problems. But I still had type 1 diabetes, which complicated my hopes for getting a pancreas transplant, which I had been offered nine months after receiving my kidney. I was having a difficult time with my diabetes. I was very brittle and becoming very much hypoglycemic unaware. In the past, every time my sugar came down I felt bad and would eat something or change my behavior in some way. But now I was becoming hypo unaware, so I didn't really feel a sugar low until it was too late. One time I passed out in the kitchen, fell on my forehead, and broke teeth and my nose. It was awful.
That was in December 2009. Luckily, on New Year's Eve, I got a call from Minnesota, where they were going to do my pancreas transplant. I flew there and they did the surgery, which was very long but incredibly successful. Since then, I have not required any insulin injections or any exogenous insulin because the pancreas has worked very well. So for three years now I've been cured of diabetes and cured of kidney failure.
Nadia: Do you take the immuno-suppressants?
Dr. Hehenberger: I do. And that's another reason why I'm so motivated to really work on TSO. I believe that if you have something that is immune modulating versus immune suppressing, you can avoid some of the complications that often come with the use of immuno-suppressants, such as multiple infections. For example, people with Crohn's disease, MS and RA who need to take immuno-suppressants have a higher risk of developing lymphoma. They also have higher risk of tuberculosis and even just simple infections.
So I definitely am running some risks. of those. I've been lucky enough to not develop anything since I had the kidney transplant, but it's definitely something I have to be aware of all the time. Still, I would take that anytime over kidney failure and the very brittle type 1 diabetes that I had.


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Dentistry health care that works: tobacco
The American Dental Association has long been a leader in the battle against tobacco-related disease, working to educate the public about the dangers inherent in tobacco use and encouraging dentists to help their patients break the cycle of addiction. The Association has continually strengthened and updated its tobacco policies as new scientific information has become available.
Frequently asked questions: tobacco products
What effects can smoking have on my oral health? Are cigars a safe alternative to cigarettes? Are smokeless tobacco products safe? The American Dental Association has some alarming news that you should know.
Smoking and Implants
Recent studies have shown that there is a direct link between oral tissue and bones loss and smoking.
Tooth loss and edentulism are more common in smokers than in non-smokers. In addition, people who smoke are more likely to develop severe periodontal disease.
The formation of deep mucosal pockets with inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa around dental implants is called peri-implantitis. Smokers treated with dental implants have a greater risk of developing peri-implantitis. This condition can lead to increased resorption of peri-implant bone. If left untreated, peri-implantitis can lead to implant failure. In a recent international study, smokers showed a higher score in bleeding index with greater peri-implant pocket depth and radiographically discernible bone resorption around the implant, particularly in the maxilla.
Many studies have shown that smoking can lead to higher rates of dental implant failure. In general, smoking cessation usually leads to improved periodontal health and a patient's chance for successful implant acceptance.


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original link: http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/california/la-me-ferguson2-2008nov02,0,997088.story
Marilyn Ferguson, 70, dies; writer's 'The Aquarian Conspiracy' was pivotal in New Age movement
By Elaine Woo
Marilyn Ferguson, the author of the 1980 bestseller "The Aquarian Conspiracy" and a galvanizing influence on participants in scores of alternative groups that coalesced as the New Age movement, died Oct. 19 at her home in Banning. She was 70.
The cause was believed to be a heart attack, said her son, Eric, of the adjacent Riverside County city of Beaumont.
In 1975, Ferguson turned an interest in human potential into an influential monthly newsletter, Brain/Mind Bulletin, which reported on new discoveries in neuroscience and psychology. That work led her to discern that a massive "cultural realignment" was occurring, a conspiracy in the root sense of disparate forces all breathing together to produce personal and social change.
"The Aquarian Conspiracy" was the era's first comprehensive analysis of seemingly unconnected efforts -- scientists investigating biofeedback, midwives running alternative birthing centers, politicians encouraging creative government, a Christian evangelist promoting meditation, an astronaut exploring altered states of consciousness -- that were "breathing together" in their break from mainstream Western practices and beliefs in medicine, psychology, spirituality, politics and other fields.
The book's message was optimistic. "After a dark, violent age, the Piscean, we are entering a millennium of love and light -- in the words of the popular song 'the Age of Aquarius,' the time of 'the mind's true liberation,' " Ferguson wrote. Aquarians, by her definition, were people who sought a revolution in consciousness, to "leave the prison of our conditioning, to love, to turn homeward. To conspire with each other and for each other."
Some critics found her views simplistic. R.C. Bealer wrote in the journal Science Books & Films that Ferguson offered "hyperbole of the 'positive' thinking huckster."
Others accused her of undermining Christianity by embracing alternative religions. The book was a favorite target of Lyndon LaRouche, the political extremist whose followers held public protests against it and called it "a challenge to the nation's grasp on reality."
But as the activities she chronicled moved from the fringe of society toward its center, Ferguson was embraced as a beacon. Her book became "the most commonly accepted statement of Movement ideals and goals," wrote J. Gordon Melton in the New Age Encyclopedia.
"Marilyn Ferguson was a very important communicator and networker in this whole movement" to create an alternative consciousness, Fritjof Capra, the Berkeley physicist and New Age figure who wrote "The Tao of Physics," said last week. Capra's 1975 book fueled the new thinking by showing parallels between modern physics and Eastern mysticism.
Ferguson grew up in modest circumstances in Grand Junction, Colo., where she was born April 5, 1938. Her father was a bricklayer who was also a concert pianist; her mother was a homemaker who later ran an antiques store.
Ferguson attended Mesa College in Colorado for two years and the University of Colorado for one year before launching herself as a freelance writer. Her first book, "Champagne Living on a Beer Budget" (1968), offered financial advice and was co-written with her then-husband, Michael Ferguson. She also wrote short stories and poems that were published in women's magazines such as Cosmopolitan and Mademoiselle.
After moving to Los Angeles in 1968, she began studying psychology and collecting the information that formed the basis of her next book, "The Brain Revolution" (1973), which explored new research on such topics as hypnosis, meditation, extrasensory perception, memory and genetics. She began practicing transcendental meditation herself.
As she expanded her contacts with others who were engaged in similar practices, she found herself becoming a clearinghouse for "everything from more humane attitudes to holistic medicine," she told The Times in 1980.
She began to publish the Brain/Mind Bulletin, which at its peak had an eclectic mix of about 10,000 subscribers who included academics, celebrities and pizza parlor operators. For 21 years, until she ceased publication in 1996, it compiled news from journals and conferences and featured interviews with vanguard figures, including Capra.
"It was tremendously helpful because it bound people together and informed us of each other's work," Capra said. "Marilyn Ferguson's main achievement -- and it was a tremendous achievement -- was that she sustained this networking of the alternative culture and New Age movement long before there was an Internet."
Another subscriber was publisher Jeremy Tarcher, who specialized in books about health, philosophy and human potential. He was fascinated by her reports. "I called Marilyn and said, 'What else have you got?' " Tarcher recalled. "She said, 'I've got a folder with stuff I'm not quite sure what to do with.' "
Tarcher remembers clearly how he reacted when she showed him the information she had collected: He began to cry.
"I had one of those moments of epiphany when you feel you are hearing or reading something that is going to be a guide for a significant part of your life," he said. "That doesn't happen to publishers every day."
After she turned those notes into "The Aquarian Conspiracy," readers shared with her a similar reaction. She received thousands of letters from people who were relieved to discover that others shared their passion for Sufism, dream journals, Rolfing or solving world hunger. The most common reaction, she told the Christian Science Monitor in 1984, was "Thank heavens you wrote that book! I thought I was crazy until I read it."
As she began to lecture around the world, she found loyal readers in a surprising range of fields. As she told the Boston Globe in 1988, one night she addressed 500 farm wives in Alberta, Canada, and the next morning she gave a lecture for members of Congress. Al Gore was a fan of the book and invited Ferguson to the White House, her son said.
Ferguson lived in Los Angeles for 37 years, until 2005, when she moved to San Bernardino. That year she also released a follow-up to "The Aquarian Conspiracy," called "Aquarius Now." Last year she moved to Banning to be closer to her son.
She is also survived by two daughters, Kris Ferguson of Los Angeles and Lynn Lewis of Oakland; and six grandchildren.
Woo is a Times staff writer.
November 2, 2008


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School groups ··· 1.00 (previous arrangement required) All visits to the House-Museum are always guided, and only a maximum of 15 people can enter each visit. The duration of the visit is approximately 30 minutes. Between the visits there are about 15 minutes for attention of the visitors. To be able to make a group reservation you must be a minimum of 10 people. The reservation will be made by calling +34 958 849 112 or with the online application. The RESERVATION CONFIRMATION will be communicated to the person who requested it through the medium in which it was formulated. Group bookings will only be on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Fridays. On the day of the visit, the group must give the museum a copy of the RESERVATION CONFIRMATION. Punctuality is requested. The maximum number admitted for each group will be 60 people in winter and summer schedule. They will visit the house-museum in subgroups of 15 people, with the following timetable distribution: GROUP SCHEDULE Group will only be attended only Tuesdays, Thursdays and Fridays. WINTER Time SUMMER Time
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Webapp PadMapper puts apartment listings on a Google map, and has long been our favorite tool for starting an apartment hunt.
A few weeks ago, Craigslist revoked PadMapper's access, putting a huge dent in the service's usefulness. Today, however, PadMapper announced that it's bringing Craigslist listings back (using a backdoor API), so the once excellent service is excellent yet again. PadMapper's developer, Eric, explains the rationale behind his reluctant decision:
If it takes half of PadMapper's millions of monthly users 3 hours longer now to find an apartment, that's over 350 man-years wasted per month, or 5 lifetimes. Sorry for cursing, but fuck that. Seriously, fuck that completely. That really pisses me off. Apartment hunting is an activity which, unless you enjoy it or it teaches you something, adds no value to the world, and should be over as quickly as humanly possible so that you can get back to doing other, more productive things.
That's reasoning we can get behind. As noted this morning, PadMapper does have some fresh competition (no harm in a little competition), but we're glad to have our old favorite back. Cheers, Eric.


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Eshel Israel LGBTQ+ and Parents Meetup
November 28, 2022 at 1:30 pm - 3:00 pm
Join Eshel's local chapter in Israel for LGBTQ+ people and parents of LGBTQ+ children. This group will provide support and build community in an intimate, confidential setting in English. This group meets mostly over Zoom, with in-person meetings every few months. This group is for those who have made aliyah, are thinking about making aliyah, spend part of the year in Israel, are in yeshiva or seminary, or have kids in Israel for the year.
WHAT: A private gathering for LGBTQ+ individuals who are Orthodox, Ortho-curious, or formerly Orthodox and for traditional Jewish parents of LGBTQ+ people who may be struggling with their child's sexual orientation or gender identity and/or wish to connect with other parents like themselves.
WHEN: 4th Monday of the Month, 8:30 pm (Israel), 1:30 pm (Eastern Time)
Register below for monthly reminders, links, and location details.
Eshel's mission is to create a future for Orthodox lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals, and their families. Through its innovative and culturally sensitive programming, Eshel works with each individual, family, and community in creating a place for their LGBTQ members. Eshel envisions a world where Orthodox LGBTQ individuals can live out their lives in the Orthodox communities of their choice.


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In Part I (http://keithweiner.posterous.com/unadulterated-gold-standard-part-i), we looked at the period prior to and during the time of what we now call the Classical Gold Standard. It should be underscored that it worked pretty darned well. Under this standard, the United States produced more wealth at a faster pace than any other country before, or since. There were problems; such as laws to fix prices, and regulations to force banks to buy government bonds, but they were not an essential property of the gold standard.
The essential was that people had a right to own and trade gold coins. They had the right to deposit them in a bank, if the bank offered attractive terms (especially the payment of interest). Banks had a right to take deposits, to buy assets, and to pay interest. Banks had a right to issue paper notes that were claims against gold. Banks had a right to lend their deposits (fractional reserves).
Despite some government interference, the Classical Gold Standard enabled a Golden Age of prosperity and full employment that is totally out of reach today (not to be confused with the rapid development of technology). This is not to say there were not business failures, bank failures and panics – what were later called depressions and now recessions. A free market does not attempt to guarantee that no one can ever lose money. It is merely an environment in which no one is forced to subsidize someone else's risks or losses.
Unfortunately, by the early 20th Century, the tide had shifted. Europe was inexorably moving towards war. The US was abandoning the principles on which it had been founded, and exploring a different kind of government: an unlimited government that could centrally plan and manage the economy and the lives of the people.
In 1913, the US government created the Federal Reserve. Much has been written about this now-hated organization. At the time, the Fed was supposed to be the re-discounter of Real Bills. Real Bills arose spontaneously in the market centuries before banks or central banks. They are credit used for clearing. When a wholesaler delivers goods to a retailer, the retailer accepts the goods and signs the bill. Commercial terms were commonly NET 90. It turned out that in the free market, these bills would circulate as a form of currency, with a value that was based on the discount rate and the time until maturity. Real Bills were the highest quality earning asset, and the highest quality asset except only gold itself.
For many reasons, politicians felt that a quasi-government agency could make better credit decisions than the market. To "discount" a Real Bill was to pay gold and take the Bill into one's portfolio. The Fed, as re-discounter, would offer the banks unlimited liquidity in exchange for their bills. Almost immediately, the Fed also began to buy US government bonds. What better way to expand credit than to push down the rate of interest? The Fed could use much more leverage than if they were restricted to buying bills (which would all mature into gold in 90 days or less!) This time, they thought, there was no limit to how far down they could push interest, nor for how long.
The Fed almost certainly enabled the government to borrow at lower rates than would otherwise have prevailed, but even so the rate of interest rose during World War I. This is because the government was borrowing unprecedented amounts of money. The interest rate peaked in 1919. Then it began to fall, not bottoming until after World War II.
The net effect of the Fed was to totally destabilize the rate of interest. In looking at this graph (http://static.cdn-seekingalpha.com/uploads/2012/6/7/saupload_Screen_shot_2012-06-07_at_3.44.58_PM.png) of the 10-year US Treasury bond from 1790 to 2009, one thing is obvious. There were spikes due to wars and other threats to the stability of the government. But for long periods of time, the rate of interest moved in a narrow range. For example, from 1879 until 1913 (i.e. the period of the Classical Gold Standard), the rate of interest was bound to a range of 3% to 3.5%. During World War I, the rate spiked up to 5.5% and then began to fall to well under 2% after World War II. Then the rate began its ascent to over 17% in 1981. After 1981, the rate has been falling and is currently under 1.7%. It will continue to fall, but that is a discussion for another paper.
The US, unlike Europe, did not suspend redeemability of the currency into gold coin. In Europe, the toll of the war in terms of money, property, and of course lives, was much higher. The governments felt it necessary to force their citizens to deal in paper money only. After the war, they had problems returning to gold. For example, Germany was prohibited from freely trading with anyone. One consequence of this was that the Real Bills market never reemerged.
In 1925, Britain initiated a short-lived experiment: the Gold Bullion Standard. The idea was that paper money would be backed by gold, but the gold would be kept in the banking system in the form of 400-ounce bars. Technically, the paper was redeemable, but the bars were so large that, for all practical purposes, the money may as well have been irredeemable to ordinary people. Britain abandoned this regime in 1931, in part due to gold flows to the US.
In 1933, the President Roosevelt told American citizens that they must turn in their gold for approximately $20 per ounce. Once the government got all the gold they could, Roosevelt revalued gold at $35 per ounce. The dollar was never again to be redeemable to Americans.
After World War II, Europe was physically and financially devastated. European gold had largely moved to the US either because of the coming war, or to pay for munitions. The Allied powers knew by 1944 that they would be victorious, and so met at Bretton Woods to agree on the next monetary system. They agreed to what could be called the Gold Exchange Standard.
In this new standard, the US dollar would be the reserve asset of the central banks and commercial banks of the world. They would end up with dollars on both sides of their balance sheets, and pyramid credit in their local currencies on top of this reserve. The dollar would continue to be redeemable to foreign central banks (but not to US citizens).
This regime was unstable, as economists such as Jacques Rueff and Robert Triffin realized. Triffin proposed that there is a dilemma for the world and the US. As the world demanded more money, this meant that the US had to run a trade deficit to provide the currency. But a chronic trade deficit would cause the value of the dollar to fall, with wealth being transferred from foreign creditors to domestic (US) consumers.
Throughout the 1960's, European central banks, and most visibly France, redeemed dollars. By 1971, the gold was flowing out of the US at a rate of over 100 tons per day.1 President Nixon had to do something. What he did was end the Gold Exchange Standard and plunge us into the worldwide regime of irredeemable paper money.
Since then, it has become obvious that without the anchor of gold, the monetary system is un-tethered, unbounded, and unhinged. Capital is being destroyed at an exponentially accelerating rate, and this can be seen by exponentially rising debt that can never be repaid, a falling interest rate, and numerous other phenomena.
In Part III, we will look at the key characteristics of the Unadulterated Gold Standard…
Keith Weiner
Nov 6, 2012


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Yesterday, after watching question period from the visitors' gallery of the House of Commons (which, by the way, was a profoundly offensive experience in ways I'll attempt to elaborate on later), the Green Party's Finance Critic Peter Graham and I headed down to the Railroad Committee Room to watch Jim Flaherty, Minister of Finance, deliver the budget on closed circuit TV while we simultaneously read copies that were made available. Meanwhile, deputy leader Adriane Carr (who had managed to get into the budget lockup, even though unlike at the provincial level the government does not explicitly provide entrance to the Green Party) was down the hall, in and around the foyer of the House outlining the Green Party's reaction to the budget.
One of the first things Peter and I noticed was that this thing everyone is calling a budget—well—isn't one. It's a 400-page narrative (technically called a "budget plan") that describes, using far more words than numbers, where our money is being spent. The result is that some details continue to be missing, though we do get a general sense of the direction: new spending in the wrong areas, no new spending in the right ones, and the wrong kinds of tax cuts and shelters that don't benefit middle- or lower-income Canadians, nor do they offer the kind of economic security that's needed right now.
Then word started to float in that Dion had announced the Liberals will support this government's budget. They called this budget "watered down," saying it was "a mile wide and an inch deep." And now they'll vote in favour of it.
In other words, they have officially taken the position that they will support mediocrity. This has many key Liberals understandably upset, including Warren Kinsella who called the Liberal response pathetic, and one of my favourite Liberal bloggers A BCer in Toronto (aka Jeff) who asked the same question I did several posts ago: "If not now, when?" (Actually, Jeff's so upset that if you read his post to the end you'll realize we may not be able to call him a "Liberal" blogger for much longer.)
I don't blame Liberal supporters for being frustrated. Our country is in desperate need of strong economic leadership; we cannot afford an official opposition that accepts anything less in a time of emerging uncertainty and, conversely, great opportunity.
And here's the thing. According to both the Globe and a Liberal MP, my by-election opponent Bob Rae is the key person who provided the "leadership" within the Liberal caucus that resulted in them voting in favour of something that, by their own admission, is nowhere near adequate. Meanwhile, economists and observers are very concerned that this budget brings us dangerously close to a deficit in the face of a looming economic slowdown, while others (including the Green Party) rightly point out that there's almost no vision here for how we can take advantage of the economic opportunities presented by new green-collar jobs and green innovation, nor is there any vision to build stronger, more affordable, world-class cities.
Up until now I've been going pretty easy on Bob (he's a well respected individual who I've believed would make a competent MP), but I'm not sure I can anymore. We cannot afford a Member of Parliament who's willing to accept mediocrity. Especially when there's the potential to amount to so much more. Especially when there's reason to believe they did so for personal, rather than principled, reasons. Canada deserves better. Toronto Centre needs better.


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€ 92,00
Model: Etruria
Insole: Genuine vegetable tenned leather
Sole: Natural leather
Heel: 3 mm inn Leather
Upper: Natural tanned leather
Color: Yellow Mustard
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Woman leather sandal mod. Etruria.
Handmade Franciscan sandals for women in leather and hide customized for you by Mario Doni.
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Each processing stage of the sandal is performed in our laboratory, in order to follow the product from the choice of the raw materials, to each manufacturing step and end with the finishing, packaging until the shipment to the customer.
The manufacturing of the sandal begins by cutting the leather for the sole, insole and heel and follows by cutting the genuine vegetable tanned leather for the uppers.
The assembly of raw materials is performed for each client, taking into account every request or any modification.
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Size | 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 |
Color | Amaranth, Amaranth, Antique Brown, Orange, Silver, White, Black, Blue Cobalt, Night Blue, Blue Cobalt, Bottle Green, Cacao, Cacao, Leather, Dark Brown, Yellow Mustard, Gold, Leather, Lilac, Lilac, Antique Brown, Natural, Natural, Black, Night Blue, Orange, Gold, Pink, Red, Pink, Red, Silver, Taupe, Taupe, Dark Brown, Turquoise, Turquoise, Bottle Green, Violet, Violet, White, Yellow Mustard |
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I have listed a new property at 216 12618 152 AVE in Edmonton.
Perfect, Like new! This immaculate upgraded condo located at Castle Downs Point offers 836 sq ft of living space. 2 bedrooms, 2 baths condo comes with in-suite laundry with high end front loading washer and dryer and large in-suite storage. Open and spacious Living room, Kitchen with eating bar and a separate dining area are excellent for entertaining your family and friends. Master bedroom with ensuite and walk thru closets as well as an ample sized second bedroom and an additional 4 piece bath. Living room access to a large balcony, perfect for barbecues. Crown moulding, newer floor, new light fixtures and the list goes on. Close to everything including public transportation, shopping, and schools.


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Clay Aiken Impregnates Someone!
Clay Aiken Impregnates Someone!
TMZ has learned Clay Aiken is going to be a daddy. In case you didn't process that, Clay Aiken is going to be a daddy.
Here's what we know. Multiple sources tell us the mother is Jaymes Foster, a record producer and Clay's best friend. He lives at her home when he's in L.A.
We're told 50-year-old Foster, who produced several Aiken CDs, is due in August. She's the sister of record mogul David Foster. She divorced a few years back and has no kids. Aiken is 29.
We're told Foster was artificially inseminated. But Clay is a lot more than sperm -- we're told he will have an active role in raising the child.
No immediate word from Aiken's rep.


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Man banned from Walt Disney World after waving Trump 2020 banner while on ride
LAKE BUENA VISTA, Fla. (FOX 35 WOFL) - The man who admits to flying pro-Trump banners at Walt Disney World has just been banned from Disney -- again.
Dion Cini was captured holding a Trump 2020 banner on Splash Mountain. The ride picture reportedly came with a note from the Orange County Sheriff's Office saying that Cini trespassed and his conduct is not welcomed on Disney property. Cini says that after taking the picture, he was escorted off property and he is now banned from all Disney World properties, including the theme parks, resorts, and Disney Springs.
In September, Cini was pictured waving a Trump 2020 banner over the Main Street Train Station. He was banned from Disney property after this incident, but Disney allowed him to come back to the parks with the stipulation that he would not hang flags to incite crowds.
Cini argues that he did not incite any crowds, so he should not have been kicked off property. He says that he won't break the law though, so he won't be going back to Walt Disney World. However, he did say he will continue to fly Trump 2020 banners around the country and that the banners will get even bigger.


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Participation in Education: Education of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
Indigenous participation in education In 2001, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples made up 2.2% of the Australian population.3 However, the Indigenous population had a much younger age profile than the rest of the population (a result of higher mortality rates, higher fertility rates, and intermarriage with non-Indigenous persons). This meant that Indigenous Australians made up a relatively higher proportion of the total population who were aged 5-14 years (4.0%) and 15-24 years (3.0%) - the age groups encompassing the majority of students. When considering education participation rates, it could be expected that the proportion of Indigenous students in the various education sectors would reflect the proportion of Indigenous Australians in these two age groups, with figures around 3-4%. Over the last 5 to 6 years, the number of Indigenous students in most education sectors increased steadily. These increases may reflect an increased willingness to identify as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander Australians, the underlying growth in the population and an increase in participation in education. Over this period, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander school enrolments increased by 25%. As a proportion of the total school population, this represented an increase from 2.9% in 1996 to 3.5% in 2001. Indigenous participation was highest for the primary student population, with Indigenous students comprising 4.1% of the primary student population, compared with 2.7% of the secondary student population. The increase in Indigenous participation over the late 1990s was greatest in the Vocational Education and Training sector, where Indigenous student numbers rose by 60% between 1996 and 2000. Consistent with this, the proportion of Indigenous VET students also increased, from 3.1% in 1996 to 3.7% in 2000. This contrasted with Indigenous participation in higher education, where student numbers increased during this period but the proportion of Indigenous students in this sector remained largely unchanged. INDIGENOUS PARTICIPATION IN EDUCATION(a)
(b) Persons whose Indigenous status was not known were excluded prior to the calculation of percentages. (c) Excludes overseas students. Source: Schools, Australia, 1996-2001 (ABS cat. no. 4221.0); National Centre for Vocational Education Research, Australian Vocational Education and Training Statistics: In detail, 1996-2000; Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs, Students 2000: Selected Higher Education Statistics. Primary and secondary school There were 115,500 Indigenous students enrolled in Australian schools in 2001; 78,900 in primary schools and 36,500 in secondary schools. These students were less likely than the overall student population to be attending a non-government school (12.3% compared with over 30% of all students). The proportion of Indigenous students attending a non-government school was virtually unchanged between 1996 and 2001. The literacy of Australian students has been a focus of educational initiatives in recent years, particularly as literacy is regarded as an indicator of likely educational and labour force outcomes.1 While it has traditionally been difficult to report comparative achievement of school students across states, recent literacy testing using benchmarks has provided a useful uniform measure (see Australian Social Trends 2002, Literacy and numeracy among school students). The reading benchmark is based on testing the ability of students to read and understand a range of texts considered suitable for the relevant year level. PROPORTION OF STUDENTS ACHIEVING THE YEAR 3 READING BENCHMARK - 2000 Source: Ministerial Council for Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs, National Report on Schooling in Australia Preliminary Paper, 2000. In 2000, a smaller proportion of Indigenous students achieved the Year 3 reading benchmark compared with all students who were tested. Results for Indigenous students were substantially lower in most States, most notably in the Northern Territory, where 26% of Indigenous Year 3 students achieved the benchmark compared with 65% of all students. This may in part be attributable to the fact that English is a second language for some Indigenous students, particularly those in remote areas. Another focus of Indigenous education programs has been to encourage students to remain at school as long as possible so that educational outcomes and entry rates into tertiary education are improved.1 While apparent retention rates for Indigenous full-time students have improved since the 1980s, Indigenous students were still less likely than all students in 2001 to stay at school beyond the compulsory years.2 In 2001, the proportion of Indigenous students continuing to Year 10 was 86%, compared with 94% of all students. For Indigenous students continuing their studies to Year 12, the apparent retention rate was half that of all students (36% compared with 73%). APPARENT RETENTION RATES(a) FOR YEARS 10, 11 AND 12 - 2001 (a) From Year 7/8 for full-time students only. (b) Indigenous apparent retention rates are influenced by the degree to which students identify as Indigenous, which may have increased between 1998 and 2000. Source: ABS 2001 National Schools Statistics Collection. Vocational Education and Training While the numbers of Indigenous students in higher education have long been influenced by low Year 12 completion rates, participation in Vocational Education and Training (where completion of Year 12 is not necessarily a prerequisite) has increased markedly in recent years. As already mentioned, there was a 60% increase in the number of Indigenous VET students from 1996 to 2000. This coincided with a 34% increase in VET student numbers overall. INDIGENOUS VET STUDENTS BY MAJOR FIELD OF STUDY - 2000
(b) Includes students studying a module only (with no related qualification or field of study). Source: National Centre for Vocational Education Research 2000 Australian Vocational Education and Training Statistics. The training of apprentices and trainees remains an important function of the VET sector in Australia, particularly with the expansion and diversification of this system over the 1990s. The number of Indigenous people in apprenticeships and traineeships increased between 1996 and 2000, both in terms of participants (from 2,900 to 5,200), and as a proportion of all apprentices and trainees (from 1.8% to 1.9%). Most of this increase was in non-trade occupations. However, the proportion of Indigenous apprentices and trainees in skilled trade occupations doubled during this period (from 0.6% to 1.2%). In 2000, Indigenous VET students were more likely than other students to be studying in the fields of Arts/Social Science/Humanities, Education, Agriculture/Animal Husbandry, and Health/Community Services. They were twice as likely to be involved in TAFE Multi-field education (23% of Indigenous students compared with 11% of all students). Multi-field education encompasses a range of enabling courses, which provide students with generic study, interpersonal, or job search skills. MAJOR QUALIFICATION VET STUDENTS WERE STUDYING TOWARDS - 2000
Indigenous VET students in 2000 were less likely to be studying for higher level qualifications than all students. About 13% of Indigenous students were studying at the Certificate IV level or above in 2000, compared with 21% of all VET students. The proportion of Indigenous VET students studying at the Certificate I or II level was twice that of all students (44% compared with 22%). While Indigenous VET participation increased over the 1990s, success in vocational education is ultimately dependent upon successful completion of modules. In 2000, the rate of VET module completions was lower for Indigenous students (61%) than for the total VET student population (75%). Of those modules not completed, the rate of unsuccessful results for Indigenous students was higher than that for all students (17% compared with 10%). In 2000, 14% of modules attempted by Indigenous VET students were recorded as withdrawals, compared with 8% for all VET students. VET MODULE OUTCOMES(a) - 2000
Source: National Centre for Vocational Education Research 2000 Australian Vocational Education and Training Statistics Higher education It is in the higher education sector that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students are most underrepresented. In 2000, Indigenous students made up 1.2% of the total student population (a proportion which has changed little since 1996). Continuing low Year 12 apparent retention rates, and a high rate of attrition among Indigenous higher education students contribute to the low level of participation in this sector.4 While there has been little change in the proportion of Indigenous students in higher education, data relating to higher education commencements indicate that between 1997 and 2000 there has been a decline in the number of Indigenous students beginning higher education courses.5 INDIGENOUS HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS BY FIELD OF STUDY - 2000
(b) Excludes overseas students. (c) Field of study as described by DETYA. (d) Includes students studying non-award courses. Source: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs (DETYA) 2000, Students 2000: Selected Higher Education Statistics, DETYA, Canberra. Along with the underrepresentation in higher education, there was also a notable gender imbalance among Indigenous higher education students in 2000, with females accounting for 64% of Indigenous students (compared with females accounting for 55% of all students). Participation in higher education varied for Indigenous and non-Indigenous students according to field of study. In 2000, nearly 40% of Indigenous higher education students were studying Arts, Social Sciences, or Humanities (compared with 27% of all students). The proportions of Indigenous students studying Education, Health or Community Services were also higher than for other students, while smaller proportions of Indigenous students were studying Architecture, Business Administration, Engineering and Science. LEVEL OF STUDY OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS - 2000
Source: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs 2000 Higher Education Statistics Collection. As with Vocational Education and Training, Indigenous higher education students were less likely to be studying for a high level qualification than other students. In 2000, 68% of Indigenous higher education students were studying for a bachelor degree or higher compared with 96% of all students. The proportion of Indigenous students participating in post-graduate study was less than half that of all students (9% compared with 19%). In contrast, Indigenous students were more likely than other students to be studying for diplomas (10% of Indigenous students compared with less than 1% of the total student population). Indigenous students in higher education recorded fewer passes and more failures compared with all students. In 2000, 58% of unit completions were recorded as a pass for Indigenous students, compared with 79% for all students. The rate of unit failure for Indigenous higher education students was more than double that of all students (26% compared with 10% of all students). HIGHER EDUCATION UNIT COMPLETIONS - 2000
Source: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs 2000 Higher Education Statistics Collection. Graduate outcomes While students from the VET and higher education sectors usually have quite different demographic and labour force profiles, the focus for most graduates from both sectors is generally centred on either seeking employment or continuing their studies. In 1999, 1.9% of VET graduates and 0.7% of higher education graduates were Indigenous. Indigenous VET graduates in the labour force were less likely to be employed than all VET graduates in the labour force in May of the following year (76% compared with 87% were employed). This may have been due to Indigenous VET graduates having a greater proportion of lower level qualifications. The 1999 Indigenous higher education graduates in the labour force had similar outcomes to all higher education graduates. Nearly 95% were in paid employment four to five months after completing their studies. PROPORTION OF 1999 GRADUATES EMPLOYED IN 2000(a)(b) (a) Based on the population of graduates in the labour force (that is, either seeking employment or in employment). (b) VET graduates were surveyed in May; higher education graduates were surveyed in April or October, depending on whether they completed their studies mid-year or at the end of the year. Source: National Centre for Vocational Education Research 2000 Student Outcomes Survey; Graduate Careers Council of Australia 2000 Graduate Destination Survey. Endnotes 1 Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs (DETYA) 2000, The National Indigenous English Literacy and Numeracy Strategy <URL: http://www.detya.gov.au/schools/publications/LNS_March2000.pdf> accessed 15 January 2002. 2 Robinson, C. and Bamblett, L. 1998, Making a difference: The impact of Australia's Indigenous education and training policy, National Centre for Vocational Education Research, Adelaide. 3 Australian Bureau of Statistics 1998, Experimental projections of the Indigenous population, 1996-2006, cat. no. 3231.0, ABS, Canberra. 4 Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs (DETYA) 1999, Equity in Higher Education, Occasional Paper Series 99-A, Canberra. 5 Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs (DETYA) 2000, Higher Education Student Statistics, DETYA, Canberra.


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CFP: Dissent and Dissonance in Medieval and Early Modern Culture (12/1/06; 2/16/07-2/17/07)
Dissent and Dissonance
North Carolina Colloquium in Medieval and Early Modern Studies
Duke University
Friday-Saturday, February 16-17, 2007
The Eighth Annual North Carolina Colloquium in Medieval and Early Modern
Studies will be held at Duke University on February 16-17, 2007. This
year's graduate student colloquium encourages interdisciplinary discussion
of our topic, "Dissent and Dissonance," among scholars of the Middle Ages
and early modernity. We will convene to explore the contours of resistance
to religious, political, cultural, aesthetic, and institutional traditions
and discourses in premodern or early modern contexts, negotiating the very
terms of order and dissent. We solicit papers that interpret resistance
not by reducing analysis to all-encompassing categories of "orthodox" and
"heterodox," but by considering the varieties and gradations of dissent and
discord available to medieval and early modern traditions and institutions.
Paper topics might address, but are not limited to, the following:
-What constitutes an establishment or an institution? Are these active,
static or otherwise?
-What constitutes orthodoxy? What is its relationship to dissent? How do
these terms influence one another in medieval and early modern contexts?
-Does order/orthodoxy ever (or always) bear the traces of dissent?
-How do the very terms "dissent" and "orthodoxy" naturalize particular
cultural, political or periodic understandings of regimes of order and
-How might we think about the performance of dissent in architecture,
images, mode of dress, actions, language, or social/political practice?
-How does dissonance relate to the impetus to revision (aesthetic and
musical revisions of harmonics/harmony; social and/or political revision
proceeding from discord)?
Please submit paper proposals (250 words max) with full name and
institution to medren_at_duke.edu by December 1, 2006.
From the Literary Calls for Papers Mailing List
Full Information at
or write Jennifer Higginbotham: higginbj_at_english.upenn.edu
Received on Fri Nov 10 2006 - 18:13:39 EST


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September 25th, 2010
Nips – 9/25/10
It's a pretty good list. That is, GQ magazine's first attempt at choosing, in ranked order, The 25 Best Cocktail Bars in America. Let's get out of the way the fact that, like any "best of" list, this one has provoked some gripes. No Teardrop Lounge (Portland), no Vessel (Seattle), no Milk & Honey (New York)?
And don't get Bostonians started. Ranking "evolved music venue" the Whistler in Chicago above our city's Drink, an actual cocktail bar? And what's with back-handed compliments like, in the Drink writeup: "Don't cringe when the bartenders … ask for your 'flavor profile.' They mean no harm" (this notion that Drink's bartenders behave like New Age therapists has got to die); and referring to Eastern Standard as "(perhaps unintentionally) the most elegant sports bar in the country"? Ouch.
But wait. Maybe Eastern Standard really is the most elegant sports bar in the country. That's part of what makes it great. And GQ chose the ZigZag Cafe in Seattle as the number-one cocktail bar in the land. Is anyone going to quibble with that? Let's congratulate both Drink and Eastern Standard for making the list and also raise a glass to GQ for promoting to a mass audience the idea that "every city in this country deserves a bar that cares deeply about the craft of the cocktail."
» Bartenders on the move… We applaud and lament the departure of Superman Sam Treadway from the 21st-best cocktail bar in America (see above). The poor thing left Drink for a job offer to open three new hotel bars in Hawaii… Tom Schlesinger-Guidelli, who left Craigie on Main early this year, will soon open the Island Creek Oyster Bar as general manager in the Kenmore Square space that used to house Great Bay… Meanwhile, a few doors down, the talented Bob McCoy is wrapping up his tenure at Eastern Standard to join ICOB as principal bartender. The new restaurant won't be cocktail-centric, although something tells me you'll be able to order a top-notch drinky there… Speaking of top-notch drinkies, the talented bar staff at Craigie on Main offers best wishes to their colleague Paul Manzelli, who is leaving to pour libations at the new restaurant Bergamot. This development, along with Greg Rossi's presence behind the now-full-liquor-licensed bar at Dali, makes the intersection of Beacon and Washington streets in Somerville an unlikely spot for dueling fine-dining barmen… Finally, two of Boston bartending's big guns, Todd Maul of Clio and journeyman Ben Sandrof, will appear for one night only tomorrow (9/26) at Woodward at AMES ongoing Cocktail Wars.
» Freaky Tiki Fridays II. You might remember that July's Nips column mentioned a fun new thing called Freaky Tiki Fridays at Think Tank in Kendall Square. Well, the day after the inaugural happy hour, Cambridge experienced the Great Flash Flood of 2010. Think Tank's sub-basement space was nearly destroyed. Now the joint has re-emerged from the deluge, and Boston's Emperor of Exotica, Brother Cleve, reports that the weekly after-work shindig with Polynesian-styled cocktails and app specials and "an array retro/futuristic sounds of nu/old school lounge, tiki/exotica, surf, soul and other titty shakers" is back on.
» Bittermens Bitters. Finally, finally, finally, Boston has its own bitters producer. The saga of Bittermens Bitters, which Avery and Janet Glasser started in 2007, has included a long and drawn-out licensing application, an ill-fated partnership with the Bitter Truth, and, finally, today's status as a legal producer and seller of "non-potable" elixirs — like Xocolatl Mole Bitters, Grapefruit Bitters and Boston Bittahs — beloved by craft cocktail bartenders nationwide. Congrats and best of luck to this local concern. Here's how to buy Bittermens Bitters.
Permalink | Filed under Bitters, Booze in the news, Boston bars, Nips | Tags: Bittermens Bitters, GQ, Think Tank