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Sorry about the delay in answering.. As I was writing up the answer, I noticed a bug and needed to let some folks know about it.
But back to our problem--what was Larry Page's first patent?
As Aleatha correctly points out, Google has a very nice Patents property. (Just as Google has News, Images, Video, Scholar... so too we have a collection of US Patents.)
However, it seems that the Advanced Search function on Patents is currently not working correctly. Because my answer WOULD have been, SHOULD have been: Use Google Patents, use the Advanced Search interface and search for inventor "Lawrence Page" (because people typically use the full form of their name, rather than the diminutive).
Alas, that's the bug.... At the moment, it seems broken. (It will be fixed soon, I hope!)
But what does it mean to be a skilled searcher if you can't work your way around it?
So, using just the regular Google Patent search page, you can enter [ Lawrence Page ] and sort by date. That's not hard, but it is a bit painful to sift through all of the non-Google-related patents. You could even try quoting his name, "Lawrence Page" but even that won't help much.
Another approach (and what I actually did) would be to go directly to the US Patent Office web site (USPTO.gov) and use their advanced search UI. Note that their's is a bit more baroque than Google's (for instance, you have to do the search [ IN/Lawrence AND IN/Page ] in their system). The good property of searching the USPTO is that you'll find only 12 hits on "Lawrence Page," so it's simple to figure out which one was first.
From USPTO, then, the answer is US Patent: 6,285,999 granted on September 21, 2001. "Method for node ranking in a linked database."
(And I'll see if I can't get someone to fix that bug in the Google Patent property...)

subset: commoncrawl


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Ognibene Power has established a partnership with best-in-class company MMX to offer the market a single, fully-integrated product.
Our mission is to create advanced steering systems. This is why we continue to invest in research and development and deploy product verification and validation systems.
An entrepreneurial spirit has always permeated the Ognibene family and is what made the company what it is today. The company has grown into a multinational mobile hydraulic specialist with offices and manufacturing sites in Brazil, India, China, Germany, the United States and Japan.
We have fully embraced social responsibility and sustainability. We go all out every day to weave respect for the world and people around us into everything we do. We aspire to grow our company and develop our business through ethical and sustainable practices.
Olmes is our founder. He was a determined man who deeply loved his work. The son of farmers, deported to Germany and freed at the end of WWII, Olmes had great market savvy and could pinpoint and meet what the market needed.
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Learning Profile Interactive Assignment
Learning Profile Interactive Assignment
California State University, Fullerton
Bridget Druken, an Instructor from CSU Fullerton, shares an activity where students create a learning profile about themselves and are provided a list of available tools. The students than share their learning profiles in a forum discussion.
Partner Discussions on VoiceThread
Partner Discussions on VoiceThread
California State University, Fullerton
Raelynne Hale, an Instructor at CSU Fullerton, uses VoiceThread to allow students to engage in audio/video discussions with partners in an asynchronous environment without having to create separate discussion boards or threads for each pair. The example includes instructions, prompts, and how to set up the discussion in VoiceThread. This activity can be easily adapted and used for any course that has students partner and discuss a theme, topic, article, or other course material.
Collaborative Communication Guide using Google Slides and EdPuzzle
Collaborative Communication Guide using Google Slides and EdPuzzle
California State University, Fullerton
April Franklin, an Instructor at CSU Fullerton, developed a group activity where students create a course content resource guide to reinforce expected course mastery and the learning of new technical skills. Students first develop the Guide in their groups, create a Google Slide presentation, and finally create an active learning video of the Guide using EdPuzzle.


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I'm Not Bad, I Just Blog That Way
True Confession: I'm not a bad mother.
In fact, I'm a very good mother. Probably as good a mother as it is possible for me to be, which is, I think, pretty good. I just don't say so very often. In fact, I probably give the impression - and the title of this blog has very little to do with this, I'm sure - that I do not consider myself to be a good mother.
If one were to do a statistical analysis of this blog - and I don't recommend doing this - I'm sure that one would find an inverse relationship between length of posts per word count and frequency of the word 'good' used in conjuction with the words 'mother,' 'parenting' or 'at this' (excluding, of course, all instances wherein 'good' is preceded by 'not.') I post most frequently, and at greatest length, about my anxieties as a mother. I am most inspired as a writer - yes, inspired - by my moments of fear and confusion, my weaknesses, my mistakes. So most of my writing - as it appears on this blog - addresses itself, or seems to address itself, to my consideration of myself as a bad mother. As Her Bad Mother. Not Her Bad-ASS Mother - Her Bad Mother
But Her Bad Mother is not me. That is, she is not entirely me. She's a voice inside my head; she's one of the many reflections that I see when I look in the mirror. She's the me who worries about being a bad mother (the kind of mother who lets her toddler fall out of shopping cart), and the me who takes pleasure in thinking of herself as a bad mother (the kind of mother who lets her toddler use a shopping cart as gymnastics equipment. Montessori bad.) She is anxious me - the me that my own mother refers to as a worrier - and she is self-deprecating me.
But she is not Me-In-My-Entirety. She is not even Me-In-My-Maternal-Entirety. She's just one part of that whole. She's the part that I write about. She's my blog muse. She's a character. A true character, but still: a character, of a sort.
The real, whole me? You don't know her. Not really, not fully. You know some very, very important parts of her - parts that had probably never really been fully exposed before she began exposing herself on this blog. You would recognize her if you ever met her in real life. You would recognize the self-deprecating humour, the over-functioning vocabulary, the hand-wringing, the bob. You would see Her Bad Mother in the whole me. But you would see so much more than Her Bad Mother.
Because you would also see this: someone who is supremely confident about her parenting skills, and about her lack thereof. Someone who laughs at her mistakes. Someone who knows that she's doing the best that she can, and that that's pretty damn good. Someone who is by turns silly and sloppy and sucky and selfish and snobby and stupid. But, also, someone who is smart, very smart, and who never, ever apologizes for that fact. Someone who laughs, a lot. Someone who talks about her husband, a lot. Somebody who boasts about her daughter, a lot. Someone who is really pretty pleased with how this whole parenting/family/motherhood thing is going, even when it's kicking her ass.
You see this someone, in bits and turns, in Her Bad Mother, of course. Because she and Her Bad Mother are the same person; Her Bad Mother is she and she is Her Bad Mother. Her Bad Mother is, absolutely, an honest, heart-felt representation of who she is. But it is not all of who she is. It is not all of who I am.
I'm a writer (oooh, let that roll off the tongue). Her Bad Mother is a writerly persona. Perhaps that makes her - me - inauthentic. I don't think so: this blog may not be a diary, but it is written truthfully. These are stories, and I am a storyteller, but the stories are true and I am truthful in my telling of them. But I am selective with the content of these stories, and I choose my words carefully. These stories - and their protagonist (who is me, and not, as some might think, WonderBaby) - are poetic representations of a life and a person. They are a life and a person, written down, and as such they are shaped and molded and - yes - manipulated to best effect. They are performative; they are - as some have accused - performance art.
I perform as Her Bad Mother. I interrogate myself as Her Bad Mother. Her Bad Mother is me, splashed on canvas, edited on film, choreographed on the stage, plotted on paper, spread out on the analyst's couch, telling my tale, the True and Amazing Adventures of Me As I Choose To See Me, Much Of The Time, And How I Want You To See Me, All Of The Time.
And how I choose to see me here - and how I want you to see me here - in these pages, is as Bad. Not thoroughly bad, nor conventionally bad, and certainly not Call In Child Protective Services Bad. Self-Reflectively Bad, Happily Bad. Bad as in, Bad-Ass. Bad as in, Bad Is The New Good. Bad Because It Suits Me. Lapsed-Catholic-Shame Bad. Bad Because I Look Better In A Devil's Unitard Than In Some Silly Angel Bathrobe Thingy And Because Halos Squash My Hair.
Bad Because - let's face it - Good Is Boring. You don't want to read about good. If you wanted to read about good, you'd be reading profiles of SuperMoms in Parenting Magazine. Which you're not. You're reading this. Because - as Nietzsche and Machiavelli and Choderlos de Laclos and Madonna (pre-anglophilia and all that English Roses crap) have always said - bad is much, much more interesting than good.
But here's the thing: if you met me, you'd know that I'm a good mother. If you pay attention to the details of this blog, and to the tongue-in-cheekness of its title, you'll know that I'm a good mother. Hell, the fact that I even keep a blog - the fact that I view motherhood as a creative project, that motherhood inspires me to write, that my child inspires me to write - should demonstrate to you that I'm good mother. And I agree with my friend Rebecca that we should be much more open in our celebration of ourselves as good mothers - that I should celebrate myself more openly as a good mother.
But that, still, would only be celebrating one part of me. And, possibly, not the most interesting part of me. Yes, I am a good mother: I love my daughter and I make sure that she's always surrounded by much, much love and joy and laughter. And, most of the time, I change her diaper in a timely manner and I almost never give her french fries and I try to make sure that the television isn't on all of the time. Which is great, but, but... not all that interesting. What's interesting about me is that I'm all these things and I'm Bad - in all the greatest and most dubious meanings of the word - and that I'm very good at being Bad.
Which is why you like me, right? Or, rather: which is why you like this person who calls herself Her Bad Mother and who tosses big words and big anxieties and big love and Gratuitous WonderBaby photos at you. Right?
It's why I like her. It's why I like me.
Spawn of Bad.
Are you as good or as bad or as in-between in real life as you portray yourself on your blog? How much of your 'self' IS portrayed - revealed? exposed? - on your blog? Do you lay it all bare, and if not - what aren't you telling us?
To all of you good, good people who, over the last day or two, have left extraordinarily supportive and helpful comments at the last Basement post - thank you. I have no update from our writer yet, but I hope that one comes soon, and when it does, I will share it with you. Again, thank you.


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The circumstantial evidence against Nathan Carman had been lying in plain sight for years before his surprising indictment and arrest this month on allegations he killed his mother at sea off New England in a plot to inherit millions of dollars.
Federal prosecutors in Vermont are not commenting on the timing of their decision to put the case before a grand jury, and the indictment offers no clues and no new information on the case, which included a dramatic rescue at sea and the suspicious deaths of two members of a wealthy New England family.
Legal experts and other law enforcement officials say the delay in bringing a criminal case could be the result of several factors, including that his mother and his boat have never been found.
"It's very difficult to charge murder federally... so I think what the government has been doing for the last six years is to build its case to charge him with mail fraud and wire fraud," said Jessica Brown, a former state and federal public defender who is now an assistant professor at Vermont Law School.
The grand jury indictment accuses Carman, 28, of Vernon, Vermont, of murder and fraud in the killing of his mother, Linda Carman, during a fishing trip that began in Rhode Island. Carman made international headlines when he was found alone in a life raft near Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, eight days after he and his mother left port.
The indictment also accuses him of fatally shooting his millionaire grandfather, John Chakalos, in 2013 in Connecticut, but does not charge him with that killing. He has repeatedly denied any involvement in both deaths.
Federal prosecutors say the deaths paved the way for Carman to inherit an estimated $7 million – his mother's share of Chakalos' estate. The inheritance remains tied up in probate court in Connecticut, where his mother's three sisters are seeking to bar Carman from receiving any money from his grandfather's estate.
Seven of the eight counts in the indictment are charges related to what prosecutors allege were fraudulent efforts to get money from his grandfather's estate or insurance companies. The other count accuses Carman of killing his mother.
Vermont U.S. Attorney Nikolas Kerest, through a spokesperson, declined to comment on the case.
Federal public defender Michael Desautels, whose office is defending Carman, also declined to comment on the indictment.
"His state of mind is strong, and he knows he has a good team of defense lawyers working for him," Desautels said.
Some law enforcement officials who were involved in the investigation said the indictment could be the result of new evidence that is not being disclosed. Or, perhaps, federal prosecutors in Vermont were more aggressive in assembling all the evidence collected by a variety of local, state and federal agencies and presenting it to a grand jury.
"One of the issues is jurisdiction, especially when you cross state lines, and who has the ability to bring all that together under one roof," said Donald Melanson, police chief in Windsor, Connecticut, where Chakalos was killed. "And I think that's why, rightfully so, the U.S. Attorney's Office took that and took responsibility for that and brought everything together."
"When you look at the overall picture... it brings, to me, a very clear picture of how everything tied together to achieve his (Carman's) goals," he said.
In 2014, before Melanson joined the department, Windsor police drafted an arrest warrant charging Carman with murder in his grandfather's death, but a state prosecutor declined to sign it and requested more information, according to a search warrant for Linda Carman's home in Middletown, Connecticut, obtained by police after she disappeared at sea. Neither state nor federal prosecutors in Connecticut or Rhode Island ever brought any charges against Carman.
The case went cold. Then came the ill-fated fishing trip, which roused investigators' suspicions about Carman. But the probe into Linda Carman's disappearance also failed to produce an arrest.
In 2017, investigators began keeping tabs on a lawsuit filed in federal court in Providence, Rhode Island, where insurers and Carman were suing each other over his rejected $85,000 claim for the loss of his boat, named the "Chicken Pox." The insurance case tied all the evidence together and may have spurred a new effort to charge Carman, current and former investigators said.
The insurers' lawyers laid out a case accusing Carman of plotting both killings and covering them up, using police investigation findings and information they obtained themselves, including:
*A month before Chakalos' shooting, Carman bought a rifle that can fire the same bullets as the ones used in the shooting. Carman invoked his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination during a deposition when asked about the rifle, which was never found.
*Carman destroyed his laptop computer's hard drive and a GPS device in his truck after his grandfather was killed. He again took the Fifth when asked why.
*Before the 2016 fishing trip, Carman had altered the boat in ways that contributed to its sinking, the judge in the Rhode Island case found in rejecting Carman's insurance claim. Witnesses testified he removed two stabilizing trim tabs from the stern, near the vessel's waterline, leaving holes that he tried to seal with an epoxy stick.
*An expert on tidal patterns testified the life raft could not have floated toward Martha's Vineyard from the spot Carman claimed the boat sank, but in fact would have drifted in the opposite direction. Carman's attorneys said it was the first time he had used sea charts and he was confused about the boat's location.
After his grandfather was killed, Carman inherited about $550,000.
By late summer 2016, prosecutors said Carman, who had moved from Connecticut to Vermont, was unemployed and low on funds after quickly burning through most of that money, much of which he spent on his new home.
It was then that he set up the fishing trip with his mother with plans to kill her, authorities said. The relationship between mother and son was strained, but fishing was one of the ways they were still able to connect.
Carman remains detained while his case is pending.
Federal prosecutors argued in court documents that he should remain locked up while awaiting trial because he poses a flight risk and is a danger to the community.
Prosecutors cited the violence and planning involved in the two killings and his apparent lack of ties to his community – a factor in bail arguments. They said he has little personal interaction with other people, having alienated his family because of his conduct.
They also said he discontinued the mental health treatment he had received from early childhood until he was 17. They wrote that Carman was diagnosed with potential mood and psychotic disorders in 2011, and that he had a history of hostility and aggression.
Carman and his relatives also have said he has Asperger's syndrome, a form of autism that can be characterized by social awkwardness and repetitive behavior but is not associated with an increased likelihood of violence.
Carman has said he is misunderstood and an easy target for police because he has Asperger's.


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World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend
The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend is a global opportunity for girls to try out hockey as a new sport. Thousands of participants took part in the editions since 2011.The next edition will take place on the weekend of 6/7 October 2018. Mark your calendar and make sure to register your event here!Follow the Tracker during the weekend and many more pictures in our photo gallery on Facebook where you can help women's hockey by sharing them. You can also follow our activities on Twitter and Instagram, please use the hashtag #WGIHW when posting about the event.The information and link to the registration form for this year can be found below and the coverage and many photos from 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012 and 2011 is also accessible.
Please send the Reporting Form and photos to [email protected] as soon as your event is over to be included in the tracker during the weekend.
Women's ice hockey is one of the fastest growing sports in the world thanks to events like this one and similar programs that are being run in many countries. If you want girls in your area to join in the fun, this is a great and easy way to do so!What is the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend?It is an opportunity for girls of all ages to try ice hockey. We are looking for hosts all around the world to bring girls from their community together on the ice so they can:
Who can register as a host for the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend and what do they need to do?National Federations, leagues, clubs, teams, or any group who has a passion for sharing the great sport of ice hockey with the next generation of female hockey players are eligible to register as hosts. This is not a difficult event to hold and you can make it as big or small as you want. The goal is to give girls the chance to play.While you can add anything else that can help promote women's hockey in your area, as a host, you will be required to do the following:
Some suggestions on how to promote the event or add to the basic requirements:
What can the IIHF provide to help the host?Some of our hosts will be experts in running an event like this, while others may be looking at doing this for the first time. The IIHF wants to make it as easy as possible for you and the following items are available to all registered hosts:
What if we want to host a Girls' Hockey Day but cannot do it on 8-9 October 2016?By naming one weekend as the official IIHF World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend, the IIHF is trying to help provide a target for hosts to make one event be part of a much bigger event and increase the promotion of female hockey around the world. But it does not mean that other events on other days aren't great ideas as well! While it won't be part of the "official" event, we are happy to provide you with access to the same resources on how to run a practice and we still want to receive your pictures and event information. If you want to run an event on another day, please complete the registration form and when asked for the date of your event, please indicate the date(s) on the "Other" line.Photos: Dave Holland, Hans Koistinen, Steve Perkins, BIHA


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This article is more than 1 year old
Monster Afghan spy airship to feature quad drinking straws
Also: New vid of unsold P-791 Walrus suck-belly ship
US aero-weapons goliath Lockheed, builder of the famous P-791 airship prototype, was beaten to a half-billion-dollar deal to supply spy ships above Afghanistan earlier this year - but the firm is still marketing its P-791 technology aggressively.
Meanwhile details have emerged of the powerful surveillance gear to be carried by the winning airships, which will be built in the US to a British design.
First up, here's a spanking new Lockheed marketing vid describing their ship:
The P-791 was built in-house by Lockheed's secretive "Skunk Works" advanced-projects arm, hoping to be selected for the now defunct "Walrus" project. This was a plan by the maverick Pentagon crazytech agency DARPA in the early years of the century to produce mighty cargo-hauling airships which would be able to drop off an entire US ground-combat battalion, fully equipped, in a single load, at an unprepared site.
In the event, the Walrus project was cancelled in 2006 and the only remaining buyer for a big airship became the US Army's Long Endurance Multi-Intelligence Vehicle (LEMV) project, seeking an "optionally manned" ship able to prowl the skies above Afghanistan for weeks at a time observing events beneath. Aerial surveillance at present is normally carried out by aeroplanes both manned and unmanned, but these have high running costs, require large servicing crews at their bases and several must be deployed in order to keep one on patrol.
Lockheed offered a P-791-derived craft for the LEMV programme, but was beaten to the deal by rival US arms megacorp Northrop Grumman, offering a ship designed by Blighty's Hybrid Air Vehicles Ltd.
This makes sense, as the LEMV mission is quite different from the Walrus one. The surveillance ship doesn't need to carry nearly as much payload, instead being specified to reach twice the altitude - 20,000 feet as opposed to 10,000. (The Walrus' low ceiling was essential for it to have any chance of lifting its planned load, but meant it would have been very vulnerable; this is probably why it was cancelled.)


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Every first tuesday of the month during 2014 we organise Trashlab fixing/hacking event in Kaupunkiverstas, Lasipalatsi from 16-19.
Trashlab (formerly known as Trashlab Repair Cafe) events are social occasions to gather and try to fix the things you have that are broken, and meet others who care about tinkering, fixing, hacking, and the problem of waste and obsolescence in society. For each event we have at least two expert-hosts, who will try to identify the problems or diagnose the broken item. We encourage people also to share their skills, learn from peer to peer and develop their own methods. While Trashlab cannot guarantee that all items are fixed (some might get diagnosed, some even more broken) - we can guarantee that participants will get more information on how to proceed with their broken item. Trashlab provides basic tools and materials for fixing, but if you have very specific items, you´d like to fix, please notify us in advance: paivi.raivio [-at-] gmail.com
Documentation of the ongoing events: http://trashlabfix.tumblr.com/
Kaupunkiverstas is the city library´s makerspace which has been opened in Lasipalatsi Kohtaamispaikka.
The makerspace if open for all and is equipped with: 3D-printers, 3D-milling machine, Vinyl cut labels and for packages, dedicated cartoon work-station where you can make your own comics, workshop spaces
Participation to the workshop is free but we happily accept small donations, which will go towards the tools and materials.
Trashlab was inspired by international fixer movement and started and run by Pixelache Helsinki, Finland. Trashlab is part of their around-the-year outreach & education programme, under the theme 'Waste/d': http://www.pixelache.ac/pixelversity/programme-2013/
Background info about Trashlab: http://trashlab.info/
Keep in touch online by join the Facebook group 'Trashlab' for notice of events.. Or send an email to: andrew [-at-] pixelache.ac and he will add you to trashlab [-at-] pixelache.ac list which is a google administrated group of pixelache.ac, and this list promotes the different Trashlab events outside Facebook.


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Good news PlayStation fans! Beyond Good & Evil HD is coming to the PlayStation Network in May 2011. Fans of the 2003 cult classic will be able to relive the adventures of Jade as she uncovers a planet-wide alien conspiracy that is taking over Hillys. At its time, Beyond Good & Evil was considered one of the top adventure games on the PlayStation 2, and soon you'll be able to play it in HD on your PS3.
With the HD release of the game, you can expect to see the same type of care Michel Ancel and his team has when they designed the original game. Dive deep into the beautiful world of Hillys as Jade encounters different species of animals and enemies. Along with the visuals, we have also updated the audio allowing you to experience the 2004 AIAS nominee for Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition and Oustanding Achievement in Sound Design. All this combines into the best version of Beyond Good & Evil yet.
Along with releasing an HD version of one of our beloved classics, we are giving away a special present to PlayStation Network members who pick up the game within the first two weeks. Gamers who purchase Beyond Good & Evil HD within two weeks from launch will receive two free avatars. Decorate your PlayStation Network card with a Jade or Pey'j avatar to show your friends that you're the biggest BG&E fan.
Look for more info on the re-release of Beyond Good & Evil on the PlayStation Network as we get closer to May. To join the community of BG&E fans, visit our Facebook page.


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The physician who was dragged off a United Airlines flight in Chicago this month was verbally and physically abusive, and flailing his arms before he lost his balance and struck his mouth on an armrest, according to the aviation officer who pulled the man out of his seat.
The Chicago Department of Aviation on Monday released the officer's report of the incident, in response to a Freedom of Information Act request by The Associated Press. The report reveals for the first time the officer's version of what happened aboard the plane at O'Hare International Airport on April 9.
The incident, which was videotaped by other passengers and widely shared online, became an international embarrassment for both the airlines and the city's aviation department.
@United overbook #flight3411 and decided to force random passengers off the plane. Here's how they did it: pic.twitter.com/QfefM8X2cW
— Jayse D. Anspach (@JayseDavid) April 10, 2017
@united @FoxNews @CNN not a good way to treat a Doctor trying to get to work because they overbooked pic.twitter.com/sj9oHk94Ik
— Tyler Bridges (@Tyler_Bridges) April 9, 2017
The report also includes the name of the officer, James Long, who authorities initially declined to identify.
In the report, Long said he boarded the United Express flight after being called in response to a disturbance involving two people regarding a refusal to leave the aircraft. United has said four passengers had been ordered off the airplane to make room for four employees to fly to Louisville, Kentucky.
Long said he approached Dr. David Dao to ask the 69-year-old physician to get off the plane. Long said Dao refused and ``folded his arms tightly.'' Long said he reached out to "hold" Dao and was able to pull him away from his window seat on the aircraft and move toward the aisle.
"But suddenly the subject started flailing and fighting," Long wrote.
Dao then knocked Long's hand off his arm, causing the struggling Dao to fall and strike his mouth on an arm rest on the other side of the aisle, according to the report. Long said he then dragged Dao because Dao refused to stand up.
Long said he wrote the report and gave his version of events only because he faced losing his job.
The video taken by a passenger shows lots of screaming coming from behind the seats, then Dao being dragged by his arms down the aisle of the plane as the other passengers react with horror.
In a separate report released Monday, labeled a "Hospitalization Case Report," the Chicago Police Department said Dao was observed striking his face against an armrest as aviation officers "attempted to escort" him from the flight.
Neither report details Dao's injuries, but at a news conference days after the incident, Dao's attorney said the doctor suffered a broken nose and a concussion, and lost two front teeth.
Long said he was able to remove Dao from the airplane. Long said that once off the plane and in the walkway back to the gate, Dao said he was a diabetic, but then got up off the floor and ran back onto the aircraft. Long alleges Dao, while running back to the plane, said they'd have to kill him.
Long and two other aviation officers were subsequently placed on leave by the aviation department.
The report jibes with comments that United CEO Oscar Munoz made in the aftermath of the incident, in which he called Dao belligerent. Munoz later offered a more emphatic mea culpa, saying: "No one should ever be mistreated this way." The aviation department has also profusely apologized and vowed an investigation
Dao's attorney, Thomas Demetrio, told NBC's "Today" show on Monday that he intended to file a lawsuit.
The aviation department also released its use of force policy, which was sent to all officers after the incident. It says aviation security personnel should use force only when "reasonably necessary to defend a human life, effect an arrest or control a person," and that the force used "shall only be that which is necessary to overcome the resistance being offered by an offender and to effect lawful objectives."


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Job: Wrestling with Suffering
It's one thing to experience a sudden tragedy—like the loss of a child or the discovery of some dreaded disease in your body. It's quite another thing to experience the relentless misery of that loss for months or even years afterward.
When Misery Drags On for Months
Women have been known to lift automobiles off of their pinned husbands after an accident and then later collapse under the shock of what's happened. There is a spiritual counterpart to this physical phenomenon. In the stunned moment of tragedy many a Christian has been given the grace to sustain the burden with a genuine word of faith: "The Lord gave and the Lord has taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord." But then later under the relentless sequence of empty rooms and chairs and shirts and arms, the Christian collapses in sobs of baffled dismay.
Soldiers have been known to get a leg blown off by a land mine and run on the raw stump back to safety, but then cry like a baby at the pain of surgery and healing.
It is one thing to bear a sudden tragedy. It is quite another to suffer its pain for weeks and months and even years afterward.
In one afternoon Job had lost his ten children and all his wealth. Shortly afterward he was afflicted with a horrid skin disease. In both these tragedies he kept his faith and revered the sovereign hand of God. In 1:21 he said, "The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord." In 2:10 he said, "Shall we receive good at the hand of the God and shall we not receive evil?" He affirmed the absoluteness of God's control over all things, and he bowed in submission to these heavy blows.
Sarah Edwards' Loss
He did what Sarah Edwards did when she received word that her husband Jonathan had died at the age of 54 from a smallpox inoculation one month after becoming the president of Princeton College in 1758. She picked up her pen and wrote to her daughter Esther whose husband Aaron Burr had died six months earlier:
My very dear child, What shall I say! A holy and good God has covered us with a dark cloud. O that we may kiss the rod, and lay our hands upon our mouths! The Lord has done it. He has made me adore his goodness, that we had [your father] so long. But my God lives; and he has my heart. O what a legacy my husband, and your father, has left us! We are all given to God; and there I am, and love to be. Your affectionate mother, Sarah Edwards. (Marriage to a Difficult Man, by Elizabeth Dodds, p. 196)
Why Such Long Misery for Job?
But Job's faith and reverence were not rewarded by a quick healing of his disease. He says in 7:2–3, "Like a slave who longs for the shadow, and like a hireling who looks for his wages, so I am allotted months of emptiness, and nights of misery are apportioned to me." Job's misery had dragged on for months.
So the question now arises: Why? Had not Job shown that God was his most precious treasure, even more precious than health? God's honor had been upheld. Why does not God now restore the fortunes of Job? Why not now skip to chapter 42 where the happy ending comes?
The answer is surely that Job (and we!) has much yet to learn about suffering and about God. And those among us, like Agnes Starkey, who have had to endure month after month of misery would feel that the story is naïve and inauthentic if it ended at chapter 2.
Job's Months of Misery
So let us look together at the months of Job's misery. We begin at 2:11.
Now when Job's three friends heard of all this evil that had come upon him, they came each from his own place, Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite. They made an appointment together to come to condole with him and comfort him. And when they saw him from afar, they did not recognize him; and they raised their voices and wept; and they rent their robes and sprinkled dust upon their heads toward heaven. And they sat with him on the ground seven days and seven nights, and no one spoke a word to him, for they saw that his suffering was very great.
Three Cycles of Conversation
For the next 29 chapters (through chapter 31) Job will be responding to what these three friends have to say about his suffering. There are three cycles in the conversation.
Cycle 1
- Eliphaz—4 & 5
- Job—6 & 7
- Bildad—8
- Job—9 & 10
- Zophar—11
- Job—12–14
Cycle 2
- Eliphaz—15
- Job—16–17
- Bildad—18
- Job—19
- Zophar—20
- Job—21
Cycle 3
- Eliphaz—22
- Job—23–24
- Bildad—25
- Job—26–31
- Zophar—(silence)
Elihu's Speech and God's Speech
After this extended conversation comes a long speech by a young man named Elihu (32–37) which we will look at next week. Then the Lord himself speaks to Job (39–41) which we will look at in two weeks. And finally the last chapter describes the reversal and restoration, which we will look at in three weeks.
But today our question is: what does the author of this book want us to learn from the speeches of Job's three friends and from Job's responses to them as he endures month after month of misery?
The First Cycle Prompted by Job's Outburst
The thing that prompts Job's friends to make their speeches is his outburst in chapter 3. After seven days of silence with his friends (and probably weeks of suffering before they came), "Job opened his mouth and cursed the day of his birth. And Job said, 'Let the day perish wherein I was born'" (3:1–3).
The weeks of relentless pain had taken their toll on Job's serenity. He now questions God. Verse 11: "Why did I not die at birth, come forth from the womb and expire? Why did the knees receive me? Or why the breasts, that I should suck?" Verse 20: "Why is light given to him that is in misery, and life to the bitter in soul, who long for death, but it comes not?"
Job cannot see any reason now for why he should have ever been given life or why his life should be preserved if there is going to be so much misery. And so he protests that the day of his birth should never have been. And of course this is a protest against God, because, "The Lord gives and the Lord takes away" (1:21).
Eliphaz Breaks In
When the three friends of Job hear this protest, they can't stay silent any longer. So Eliphaz speaks in chapters 4–5 and sets the course for Bildad and Zophar as well. He spells out a principle that runs through all the speeches of the three friends.
Eliphaz's Theological Principle
We see it first in 4:7–8, "Think now, who that was innocent ever perished? Or where were the upright cut off? As I have seen those who plow iniquity and sow trouble reap the same." In other words, trouble comes to those who sin, but the innocent do not perish. Suffering is the result of sin, and prosperity is the result of righteousness.
But Eliphaz is careful to note in 4:17 that all men are sinners, "Can mortal man be righteous before God? Can a man be pure before his Maker?" So he also admits in 5:17 that some suffering is the loving chastening of God. "Behold, happy is the man whom God reproves; therefore despise not the chastening of the Almighty."
The Insensitive and Superficial Application of His Theology
But the application he makes of this theology is insensitive and superficial. He rebukes Job in 4:5–6 for being impatient and dismayed. "But now it has come to you, and you are impatient; it touches you and you are dismayed." This was an unnecessary rebuke to a righteous man in agony. That is the insensitive part of Eliphaz' application.
Then he insinuates that Job has not really sought God the way he should. He says in 5:8, "As for me, I would seek God, and to God would I commit my cause"—as though Job needs to learn from Eliphaz to do this! And he implies in 5:18–19 that Job would be delivered if only he would commit his way to God. "For he wounds, but he binds up; he smites, but his hands heal. He will deliver you from six troubles; in seven there shall no evil touch you." That is the superficial part of Eliphaz' application. It is too simple to say, "Just commit it to the Lord and your fortunes will be restored."
Job Protests His Innocence
Job knows it is too simple because it doesn't answer the hard questions. It doesn't answer why some suffer in an extraordinary way even though they have not sinned in an extraordinary way, but in fact may be godly and upright people. It doesn't answer why some prosper in an extraordinary way even though they are extraordinary sinners. So Job protests his innocence in 6:10, "I have not denied the words of the Holy One." He returns the rebuke of Eliphaz in 6:24, "Teach me, and I will be silent; make me understand how I have erred." He cannot see how Eliphaz' simple principle of justice answers his own case.
Bildad's Harsh Response and Admonition
Bildad responds in chapter 8, much less gently than Eliphaz. He vigorously insists on Eliphaz' principle of justice, even for Job's children. In 8:3–4 he says, "Does God pervert justice? Or does the Almighty pervert the right? If your children have sinned against him, he has delivered them into the power of their transgression." Your children were guilty of some unknown sin, Job, that's why they were crushed in their house.
And the same goes for Job (8:11–13). The problem must be that Job is not pure and has not called on God as he should. So Bildad admonishes Job in 8:6–7: "If you will seek God and make supplication to the Almighty, if you are pure and upright, surely then he will rouse himself for you and reward you with a rightful habitation."
Job Doesn't Surrender
Job regards this party line as utterly out of sync with the way things really are. In 9:22–24 he says, "It is all one; therefore I say, [God] destroys both the blameless and the wicked. When disaster brings sudden death, he mocks at the calamity of the innocent. The earth is given into the hand of the wicked; he covers the faces of its judges—if it is not he, who then is it?" Job never surrenders his belief in the sovereignty of God, but he knows it's too simple to say that things go better on this earth for all the righteous.
Job insists that he is not guilty as charged. He is righteous. He prays in 10:6–7, "Thou dost seek out my iniquity and search for my sin, although thou knowest that I am not guilty."
Zophar Harsh Rebuke
Zophar repeats the party line more harshly yet (chapter 11). He rebukes Job for claiming to be innocent (vv. 4–6) and he tells him to put away his sin so that God might restore him (11:14–15): "If iniquity is in your hand, put it far away, and let not wickedness dwell in your tents. Surely then you will lift up your face without blemish; you will be secure, and will not fear." So according to his friends, Job is suffering because he refuses to put iniquity far from him.
Job's Sarcastic Response
Job responds in chapters 12–14 with sarcasm. Everybody knows these moral commonplaces (12:3)! Your maxims are proverbs of ashes (13:12)! Worthless physicians are you all (13:4)! He longs to argue his case with God because he knows God is just and he is convinced he is innocent. "I would speak to the Almighty, and I desire to argue my case with God" (13:3).
The Following Cycles of Conversation
That is the end of the first cycle of speeches. The next two do not reveal any new arguments, but they show the three friends becoming more harsh and less credible in the face of Job's integrity and realism.
Again and again the three friends insist that suffering follows wickedness. Eliphaz: it is the wicked man that writhes in pain (15:20). Bildad: it is the light of the wicked that is put out (18:5). Zophar: the joy of the wicked is short (20:5).
The Impotence of the Theology of Job's Friends
In the last speech of Eliphaz in chapter 22:5ff., the former gentle friend attacks Job with brutality: "Is not your wickedness great? There is no end to your iniquities. For you have exacted pledges of your brothers for nothing and stripped the naked of their clothing. You have given no water to the weary to drink, and you have withheld bread from the hungry . . . You have sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless were crushed." These are not facts. They are imaginings in the mind of Eliphaz, forced on him by the inadequacy of his theology to deal with reality.
But all of this is so preposterous that when Bildad makes his last speech in chapter 25, he can only manage six little verses about the general sinfulness of man. And when it is finally Zophar's turn to round out the third cycle, he has nothing to say at all. And the symmetry of the book is broken because the theology of Job's friends cannot sustain itself to the end. Their simple principle of justice has not been able to stand. Job is a good man. Yet he suffers far worse than many wicked people. The correlation of wickedness and suffering in this world simply does not hold.
A Change in Job's Talk About Dying
Something happens to Job through this long conversation with his three friends. He begins in chapter 3 with utter dismay and he cries out against the wisdom of God in giving him birth. The duration of his disease had almost defeated the initial stand of faith that he took at the first (1:22; 2:10). But little by little you can watch his faith regaining its strength as he fights against the superficial theology of his friends. His faith finally breaks out into victory in chapter 19.
In every speech up till then Job had expressed the conviction that he would certainly die and go to Sheol in misery. He longs for it. But there is a gradual change in the way he talks about dying. At first in 7:9–10 (his response to Eliphaz) he is sure that death is the end of everything, "As the cloud fades and vanishes, so he who goes down to Sheol does not come up." In 10:20–22 (his response to Bildad) he is still sunk in despair about death, "Let me alone, that I may find a little comfort before I go whence I shall not return to the land of gloom and deep darkness, the land of gloom and chaos, where light is as darkness."
Then in 14:7–14 (his response to Zophar) Job again faces the certainty of his death in suffering and cries out to be released to die (v. 13). But this time he asks a question in verse 14: "If a man die, shall he live again?" Also in his second response to Eliphaz (17:13–16) the reference to Sheol is one of question rather than despair.
In 19:25–27 Job reaches an answer. "For I know that my Redeemer lives, and at last he will stand upon the earth; and after my skin has been thus destroyed, then from my flesh (or: apart from) I shall see God, whom I shall see on my side and my eyes shall behold, and not another."
Job is finally sure that beyond the grave he will meet God as a Redeemer and not an angry Judge. He will be redeemed from all his misery—even if it will only be after death. There will be life and light not just death and darkness.
This confidence does not answer all Job's questions or solve all his theological problems. He still is utterly perplexed as to why he should have to suffer as he does. His suffering goes right on. God seems utterly arbitrary in the way he parcels out suffering and comfort in this life.
Job Silences His Friends
But Job's confidence of new life after death does enable him to hold fast to three of his cherished convictions, namely, the sovereign power of God, the goodness and justice of God, and the faithfulness of his own heart. With those convictions he holds out against the simplistic doctrine of justice in the mouths of his three friends. He finally puts them to silence.
And we are left with the voice of Job (chapters 26–31) magnifying the mysterious power of God:
Lo these are but the outskirts of his ways;
and how small a whisper do we hear of him!
But the thunder of his power who can understand? (26:14)
And magnifying the unsearchable wisdom of God:
But where shall wisdom be found?
And where is the place of understanding?
Man does not know the way to it,
and it is not found in the land of the living . . .
God understands the way to it,
and he knows its place. (28:12–13, 23)
And affirming relentlessly his own integrity:
I hold fast my righteousness, and will not let it go;
my heart does not reproach me for any of my days. (26:6)
Five Lessons
Now what lessons can we summarize from this lengthy passage of Scripture?
1) True theological statements can be false.
If you take most of the statements of Job's friends separately, they sound like good theology. But their application is shallow and insensitive. "A little learning is a dangerous thing; drink deep, or taste not the Pierien spring" (Alexander Pope, "Essay on Criticism"). "Like a thorn that goes up into the hand of a drunkard is a proverb in the mouth of fools" (Proverbs 26:9).
We put a high premium on good theology at Bethlehem. But let us be warned: it can be made false by the way it is applied, and can even be destructive in the mouth of fools. Drink deep at the fountain of God's truth. And let love stand as a watchman at the gate of your mouth.
2) Suffering and prosperity are not distributed in the world in proportion to the evil or good that a person does.
Job is right: the wicked are spared in the day of calamity (21:30). But the just and blameless man is a laughing stock (12:4). Therefore let us not judge one another before the time. Those who suffer most may be the best. And those who prosper most may be the worst among us.
3) Nevertheless God still reigns over all the affairs of men, from the greatest to the smallest.
It is amazing that the most common means used by people today to solve the mystery of suffering never occurred to Job or to his three friends—namely, the limitation of God's sovereign control over all things. Today we limit God at the drop of a hat (he couldn't have willed that sickness, or that explosion, or the death of that child!). So he must not be in control. He is a limited God.
But Job and his friends have this great common ground: God reigns. And no solution to the problem of suffering that questions this will ever satisfy the heart of a saint.
With God are wisdom and might;
he has counsel and understanding.
If he tears down, none can rebuild;
if he shuts a man in, none can open.
If he withholds the waters, they dry up;
if he sends them out, they overwhelm the land.
With him are strength and wisdom;
the deceived and the deceiver are his. (12:13–16)
4) There is wisdom behind the apparent arbitrariness of the world, but it is hidden from man.
Where shall wisdom be found?
And where is the place of understanding?
Man does not know the way to it,
and it is not found in the land of the living . . .
God understands the way to it,
and he knows its place. (28:12–13, 23)
We see through a glass darkly, even from our New Testament perspective (1 Corinthians 13:12). But faith always affirms that no matter how chaotic and absurd things may seem to our limited view they are in fact the tactics of infinite wisdom.
5) Therefore let us hold fast to God.
If thou but suffer God to guide thee,
And hope in him through all thy ways,
He'll give thee strength, whate're betide thee,
And bear thee through the evil days:
Who trusts in God's unchanging love
Builds on the rock that naught can move.All are alike before the Highest;
'Tis easy to our God, we know,
To raise thee up though low thou liest,
To make the rich man poor and low;
True wonders still by him are wrought
Who setteth up and brings to naught.Sing, pray, and keep his ways unswerving,
So do thine own part faithfully,
And trust his Word, though undeserving,
Thou yet shalt find it true for thee;
God never yet forsook at need
The soul that trusted him indeed.


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