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The German Freight Forwarders' Standard Terms and Conditions 2017 (Allgemeine Deutsche Spediteurbedingungen 2017 - ADSp 2017) are recommended for use as of January 1, 2017 by the Federation of German Industries (BDI), the Federation of German Wholesale, Foreign Trade and Services (BGA), the Federal Association of Road Haulage, Logistics and Disposal (BGL), the Federal Association of Furniture Forwarders and Logistics (AMÖ), the Federal Association of Transport and Logistics in Industry and Trade (BWVL), the Association of German Chambers of Commerce and Industry (DIHK), the German Association for Freight Forwarding and Logistics (DSLV) and the Confederation of German Retail (HDE). This advice is non-binding and the contract parties are free to make agreements that deviate from the contents of this recommendation.
1. Definitions
(1.4) Consignee
Legal person to whom the goods shall be delivered according to the Freight Forwarding Contract or valid instruction of the Principal or other persons authorised to dispose of.
(1.11) Damage Case/Damage Event
Damage Case means, when, due to an external process, a claimant raises a claim on the basis of a Freight Forwarding Contract or in lieu of a freight forwarding claim; Damage Event means, when, due to an external process, several claimants raise claims on the basis of several Freight Forwarding Contracts.
(1.6) Dangerous Goods
Dangerous Goods are goods that have the potential to endanger people, Vehicles or legal interests of third parties during the course of standard transportation, warehousing or other activities. In particular, hazardous goods are defined as goods that fall into scope of application of statutes and regulations relating to hazardous goods, such as provisions covering dangerous materials, water or garbage.
(1.1) Delivery
The term of Delivery includes also the delivery in the warehouse business.
(1.13) Freight Forwarder
Legal person, which concludes a Freight Forwarding Contract with the Principal. Freight Forwarders are particularly carrier according to section 407, Freight Forwarder according to section 453, warehouse keeper according to section 467 and sea freight carrier according to sections 481, 527 HGB.
(1.14) Freight Forwarding Contracts ("Verkehrsverträge")
Freight Forwarding Contracts undertaken by the Freight Forwarder as contractor for all activities, regardless of whether they are freight forwarding, carriage of goods (by sea), warehousing or other, typical services pertaining to the freight forwarding business, such as customs handling, tracking of goods or cargo handling. These contracts also apply to all typical logistical services included in freight forwarding, if these are in relation to the transport or warehousing of goods, in particular to activities such as the creation of loading units, consignments, labelling, weighing of goods and returns processing.
Contracts about the presentation of manned motor Vehicles for use on instruction by the Principal shall also be deemed as Freight Forwarding Contracts ("Lohnfuhrverträge").
(1.12) Interfaces
After acceptance and before Delivery of the goods by the Freight Forwarder, Interfaces are defined as any transition of the goods from one legal person to another, any transhipment from one Vehicle to another, any (temporary) storage.
1.7 Loading Means
Means for the aggregation of Packages and for the creation of loading units, such as pallets, container, swap trailers, bins.
(1.16) Material Contractual Obligations
Material Contractual Obligations are defined as those that initially enable the contractually agreed fulfilment of the Freight Forwarding Contract and on which the contracting partner is entitled to reasonably rely on.
(1.10) Packages
Single items or units formed by the Principal for the fulfilment of the order with or without Loading Means, which the Freight Forwarder must handle as one ensemble (freight item as defined by sections 409, 431, 504 German Commercial Code (HGB).
(1.8) Place of Loading/Discharge
The postal address, if the parties have not agreed on a more precise location.
(1.19) Point of Time
Agreed Point of Time for the arrival of the Freight Forwarder at the Place of Loading or Place of Discharge.
(1.2) Principal
Legal person which concludes a Freight Forwarding Contract with the Freight Forwarder.
(1.15) Shipper
Legal Person, which hands over the goods for transportation according to the Freight Forwarding Contract or on a valid instruction
(1.3) Theft-Sensitive Goods
Theft-Sensitive Goods are those exposed to an increased risk of robbery and theft, such as money, precious metals, jewellery, watches, precious minerals, art, antiques, check books, credit cards and/or other payment means, stocks and security papers, documents, spirits, tobacco, entertainment electronic goods, telecommunications goods, IT equipment and accessories as well as smart cards.
(1.18) Time Frame
Agreed Time Frame for the arrival of the Freight Forwarder at the Place of Loading or Place of Discharge.
(1.9) Time of Performance
The time (date, time of day) up to a particular performance must be taken place, for example a Time Frame or Point of Time.
(1.17) Valuable Goods
Good, at the time and place of taking over, with an actual value of at least 100 Euro/kg
(1.5) Vehicle
Means of transport for the transportation of goods on traffic routes.
2. Scope of application
2.1 The ADSp cover all Freight Forwarding Contracts undertaken by the Freight Forwarder as contractor.
2.2 Statutory provisions which cannot be modified by pre-formulated standard terms and conditions take precedence over the ADSp.
2.3 The ADSp do not apply to businesses that are exclusively dedicated to:
2.3.1 packaging,
2.3.2 transportation and warehousing of towed or salvaged goods,
2.3.3 transportation and warehousing of removal goods according to section 451 HGB,
2.3.4 storage and digitalisation of files; files are all types of embodied and digitalised business papers, documents, data storage mediums and similar objects for information collection,
2.3.5 abnormal and heavy-load transports, which require a transportation regulation permission or exception, crane services and associated assembly work
2.4 The ADSp do not apply to Freight Forwarding Contracts with consumers as defined in Section 13 German Civil Code (BGB).
3. Obligation of the Principal regarding placing of orders, information requirements, special goods
3.1 The Principal shall timely inform the Freight Forwarder about all essential parameters known to him affecting the carrying out of the order
These include
3.1.1 addresses, type and quality of the goods, the gross weight (including packaging and Loading Means of the Principal) or otherwise specified quantities, marks, numbering, quantities and type of Packages, specific characteristics of the goods (such as live animals and plants, perishability), the value of the goods (for example for customs purposes or the insurance of goods according to clause 21 ADSp) and Delivery times,
3.1.2 all public-legal duties and safety regulations, such as duties relating to customs, foreign trade regulations (particularly those relating to goods and people as well as specific country embargos) and legal safety obligations
3.1.3 in case of carriage of goods by sea, all relevant data in the compulsory form relating to safety statutes (e. g. International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS).
3.1.4 intellectual property rights of third parties, such as trademark and license limitations which are connected to the possession of the goods, including legal or regulatory hindrances capable of prejudicing the processing of the order.
3.1.5 specific technical requirements for the means of transport and particular cargo securing means to be supplied by the Freight Forwarder.
3.2 In case of Dangerous Goods, the Principal must inform the Freight Forwarder in due time and in text form about the quantity and specific nature of the hazard including – if required – the necessary safety measures. If Dangerous Goods fall into scope of the law on the transport of dangerous goods (Gesetz über die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter [GGBefG]) or if other transported and stored goods fall into scope of other Dangerous Goods or garbage related statutes or regulations, the Principal must provide the relevant information, in particular the classification according to the relevant Dangerous Goods laws, and, at the latest, during the handover of the goods, supply the required documentation.
3.3 In case of Valuable or Theft-Sensitive Goods, the Principal must inform the Freight Forwarder in text form regarding the type and value of the goods and the current risks involved to enable the Freight Forwarder to assess the acceptance of the order or take appropriate measures for the safe and damagefree completion of said order. In case of acceptance of the order, the Freight Forwarder is obliged to undertake appropriate safety measures for protecting the goods.
3.4 The Principal is responsible for supplying the Freight Forwarder with all information, certificates and other documentation required, such as customs classification, for the correct processing of customs or other statutorily required handling of the goods, including, but not limited to, security checks for air freight shipments.
4. Rights and duties of the Freight Forwarder
4.1 The Freight Forwarder shall act in the interest of the Principal, check the placed order for obvious faults and immediately inform the Principal, if required, about all dangers known by the Freight Forwarder for the fulfilment of the order. If required, the Freight Forwarder shall ask for instructions.
4.2 The Freight Forwarder takes care that the Vehicles, loading safety means and, if their presentation is agreed, Loading Means are in a technically perfect condition, comply with statutory provisions and the requirements of the Freight Forwarding Contract. Vehicles and Loading Means shall be equipped with the typical appliances, equipment or methods for the protection of the goods, in particular loading safety means. Vehicles shall have low emissions and noise as well as low energy consumption.
4.3 The Freight Forwarder shall deploy reliable, appropriate and, for the particular task in question, suitable and duly employed, qualified and trained drivers and, if required, with a driver certification.
4.4 On foreign premises, the Freight Forwarder shall comply with the house rules, plant or construction site regulations in force, if they were announced to the Freight Forwarder. Section 419 HGB remains unaffected.
4.5 The Freight Forwarder is entitled to make customs clearance dependent on issuance of a written power of attorney that enables direct representation.
4.6 If the Freight Forwarder is assigned with the cross-border transportation of the goods or the import or export customs clearance, the Freight Forwarder is, in case of doubt, also entitled to act in regards to the customs or other statutorily required handling of the goods, if the transport of the goods to the agreed destination would be impossible without such action.
The Freight Forwarder is hereby entitled
4.6.1 to open packaging whenever such action is necessary to comply with statutorily required controls (for example, Freight Forwarder as regulated agent), and, subsequently, to undertake all measures necessary to complete the order, such as repackaging the goods.
4.6.2 to advance payments required by customs.
4.7 In case of lost or damaged goods or for delay in delivery and upon request by the Principal or Consignee, the Freight Forwarder must procure immediately all required and known information for securing their compensation claims
4.8 In the absence of a separate agreement in the order supplied to the Freight Forwarder, the service does not include:
4.8.1 the supply or replacement of pallets or other Loading Means,
4.8.2 the loading and unloading of goods, unless otherwise indicated by circumstances or common practice.
4.8.3 a transhipment ban (section 486 HGB does not apply),
4.8.4 the allocation of a shipment tracking system, unless it is in line for this sector of industry, whereas clause 14 remains unaffected.
4.8.5 returns, detours and hidden additional cargo. If in deviation to the actual order, one or more Packages are handed over and accepted for transportation by the Freight Forwarder, then the Freight Forwarder and the Principal conclude a new Freight Forwarding Contract on these goods. In case of returns or hidden additional cargo and in absence of a separate agreement, the terms and conditions of the original Freight Forwarding Contract will apply. Clause 5.2 remains unaffected.
4.9 Further service and information obligations, for example quality management measures and their auditing, monitoring and evaluation systems as well as key performance indicators need to be expressly agreed.
5. Contact person, electronic communication and documents
5.1 Upon request of a contracting party, each side will nominate one or more contact persons to receive information, explanations and enquiries regarding the fulfilment of the contract and exchange names and addresses. This information needs to be updated in case of changes. If either contracting party fails to provide details for a contact person,
then the relevant signatory to the contract shall be the designated contact person. Information obligations, which exceed the obligation in statutory provisions, for example measures of the Freight Forwarder in case of disruptions, in particular, an imminent delay during takeover or Delivery, obstacles to carriage and Delivery, damages to the goods or other disruptions (emergency concept) need to be agreed separately
5.2 In the absence of an expressly agreement, contractual statements by warehousing or transport personnel require approval from the respective party to be considered valid.
5.3 The Principal takes care of the required declarations to be supplied by the Principal's Shipper or Consignee during the fulfilment of the Freight Forwarding Contract at the Place of Loading and Place of Delivery, and of real actions, such as Delivery and receipt of the goods.
5.4 If agreed between the Principal and the Freight Forwarder, the parties will transmit and receive the shipping details, including the creation of the invoice, by electronic means (electronic data interchange/remote transmission). The transmitting party carries the responsibility for the loss, completeness and validity of any sent data.
5.5 In case of an agreement according to clause 5.4 ADSp, the parties ensure that their IT system is ready for operation and that data can be processed appropriately, including the usual safety and control measures, to protect the electronic data exchange and prevent unauthorized access, modification, loss or destruction by third parties. All parties are obliged to give timely notification of any changes to their IT systems that could affect the electronic data interchange
5.6 Electronic or digital documents, in particular proof of deliveries, shall be considered equal to written documents.
Furthermore, each party is entitled to archive written documentation in exclusively electronic or digital format and to eliminate originals, the latter always in consideration of the legal regulations regarding the same.
6. Packaging and labelling duties of the Principal
6.1 The Principal shall pack the goods, and if required, clearly and permanently label all goods with their required identifications, such as addresses, marks, numbers and symbols relating to the handling and characteristics of the goods. Old identification marks must be removed or garbled. The same applies for Packages.
6.2 Furthermore, the Principal is responsible for:
6.2.1 identifying all Packages belonging to the same shipment, to ensure easy recognition,
6.2.2 ensuring that Packages, if required, cannot be accessed without leaving external traces.
7. Securing cargo and supervisory duties of the Freight Forwarder
7.1 In all cases where loading and discharge occurs at more than one location, the Freight Forwarder takes care for the security of cargo until the last Place of Discharge and at all times, but not before the completion of loading in a transport safety manner.
7.2 The Freight Forwarder shall conduct controls at all Interfaces. The Freight Forwarder shall check completeness and identity of the goods, their apparent good order and condition as well as all seals, locks and record any irregularities.
8. Receipt
8.1 The Freight Forwarder shall issue a certificate of receipt with reservations noted, if necessary. In case of doubt, the certificate of receipt issued by the Freight Forwarder only confirms the number and type of Packages, but not their content, value, weight or other measurements.
8.2 Previously loaded or sealed loading units, such as containers or swap bodies and previously transmitted data, the accuracy of the certificate of receipt regarding quantity and type of loaded Packages is vitiated, if the Freight Forwarder notifies the Principal on differences (in quantity) or damages, immediately after unloading the loading unit.
8.3 The Freight Forwarder must request proof of Delivery from the Consignee in form of a Delivery receipt listing all Packages as outlined in the order or other accompanying documentation. Should the Consignee refuse to issue a Delivery receipt, the Freight Forwarder must request instructions from the Principal.
The Principal can demand the Delivery receipt for a period of one year after the goods have been delivered.
8.4 As receipt for takeover or Delivery of the goods counts any signed document which gives evidence for fulfilment of the order, such as Delivery notes, forwarders certificate of receipt, consignment note, sea way bill, consignment bill or a bill of lading.
8.5 The certificate of receipt and Delivery receipt can also be issued electronically or digitally, unless the Principal requests the issuing of a consignment note, sea way bill, consignment bill or bill of lading.
9. Instructions
Upon conclusion of the contract, the Freight Forwarder must follow all instructions regarding the cargo, unless carrying out such instructions poses disadvantages to his business or damages to consignments of other Principals or Consignees. If the Freight Forwarder intends not to follow an instruction, then the Freight Forwarder shall inform the instructor immediately.
10. Freight payment, cash on Delivery
10.1 Notifications by the Principal to the effect that the order should be executed freight collect or for the account of the Consignee or a third party, for example according to Incoterms, do not exempt the Principal from his obligation to pay the Freight Forwarder its remuneration and outlays, including freights, customs charges and other expenses. Freight collect instructions, for example according to section 422 HGB, Article 21 CMR, remain unaffected.
11. Default of loading and Delivery times, demurrage
11.1 In cases where the Principal must load or unload the Vehicle, the Principal has the obligation to do so within the agreed, otherwise within a reasonable loading and unloading time.
11.2 If, in case of carriage of goods by road, the parties agree on a Time Frame or Point of Time or is such notified by the Freight Forwarder without objection by the Principal, Shipper or Consignee, the loading and unloading time – irrespective of the number of shipments per Place of Loading and Discharge – for full truck loads, but with the exception for bulk goods, for Vehicles with 40 tons maximum permissible weight shall be maximum 2 hours per loading and per unloading in general. The times shall be reduced appropriately for Vehicles with a lower maximum permissible weight in the individual case.
11.3 The loading or unloading time begins with the arrival of the road vehicle at the designated Place of Loading and Discharge (for example, by notifying the gate keeper), and ends when the Principal has completed all its duties. However, if a Time of Performance has been agreed for the arrival of road Vehicles at the Place of Loading and Discharge, the loading and unloading time does not begin before the agreed presentation time.
11.4 In cases where the contractually agreed loading and unloading time are not maintained due to reasons beyond the Freight Forwarder's scope of responsibility, the Principal must pay the Freight Forwarder the agreed, otherwise commonly accepted, demurrage fees.
11.5 The aforementioned provisions apply accordingly, when the Freight Forwarder is obliged to load and unload the goods, and when the Principal is exclusively committed to prepare the goods for loading or to accept them after unloading
12. Performance hindrances and force majeure
12.1 If the Freight Forwarder is unable to take over the goods, or unable to take them over on time, the Freight Forwarder must immediately notify and seek instructions from the Principal. Section 419 HGB applies accordingly. The Principal remains entitled to terminate the Freight Forwarding Contract, whereas the Freight Forwarder is not entitled to ask for compensation according to section 415 (2) HGB.
12.2 Performance hindrances that do not fall within the scope of responsibility of either contracting party, free said parties of their performance duties for the duration of the hindrance and the extent of its impact. Such performance hindrances are defined as force majeure, civil unrest, war or acts of terrorism, strikes and lock-outs, transport route blockades, and any other unforeseeable, unavoidable and serious events. In case of a performance hindrance, the contracting parties are obliged to notify the other party immediately. Additionally, the Freight Forwarder is obliged to ask the Principal for instructions
13. Delivery
13.1 If, after arrival at the Place of Discharge, it becomes apparent that the unloading cannot take place within the time of unloading, the Freight Forwarder must immediately notify the Principal and request for relevant instructions. Section 419 HGB applies accordingly.
13.2 If the Freight Forwarder cannot adhere to the agreed Time of Performance or – in the absence of an agreement – to a reasonable time for Delivery, the Freight Forwarder shall request instructions from the Principal or the Consignee.
13.3 Should the Consignee not be located at his residence, business premises, or in an institution in which he is a resident, the goods, always assuming there are no obvious doubts regarding the entitlement to receive the goods of the person in question, may be delivered to:
13.3.1 at the residence: on an adult family member, a person employed by the family or an adult resident permanently sharing the accommodations.
13.3.2 at business premises: on a person employed there,
13.3.3 in institutions: on the head of the institution or a correspondingly authorised attorney-in-fact.
13.4 In cases where the Freight Forwarder and Principal have agreed on Delivery without the presentation to an actual person (for example, night, garage or assembly line deliveries), Delivery is deemed to have taken place on the actual physical deposit of the goods at the agreed location.
13.5 The Delivery can only take place under supervision of the Principal, Consignee or a third party authorised for reception. Clauses 13.3 and 13.4 ADSp remain unaffected.
14. Information and restitution duties of the Freight Forwarder
14.1 The Freight Forwarder is obliged to provide the Principal with the required reports and, on demand, to provide information on the status of the transaction and after carrying out the business to render account for it. However, the Freight Forwarder is only obliged to reveal costs, if the Freight Forwarder works on Principal's account
14.2 The Freight Forwarder has the duty to give anything to the Principal what he has received by carrying out and managing the business.
15. Warehousing
15.1 The Principal has the duty to pack and mark the goods, if required, and to make available all documents and information to the Freight Forwarder for an appropriate storage.
15.2 The Freight Forwarder decides in its sole discretion if warehousing takes place in its own facilities or, if not otherwise agreed, those of third parties. Whenever warehousing takes place at third party warehouses, the Freight Forwarder must supply timely information regarding its name and location to the Principal or, whenever a warehouse warrant has been issued, to make a note of the information on the same.
15.3 The Freight Forwarder takes care for the duly maintenance and care of the warehouse and storage space, the drives on the premises and for securing the goods, in particular theft protection. Additional security measures, for example measures exceeding the statutory fire protection laws, must be expressly agreed.
15.4 Unless otherwise agreed:
15.4.1 takeover of the goods for warehousing begins with the unloading of the goods from the Vehicle by the Freight Forwarder and the Delivery ends with the completion of the loading of the goods by the Freight Forwarder.
15.4.2 inventory management is via the Freight Forwarder's inventory accounting,
15.4.3 there is one physical inventory inspection per year. On instruction of the Principal, the Freight Forwarder shall conduct further physical inventories against compensation.
15.5 With taking over the goods and if appropriate examination means are available, the Freight Forwarder is obliged to conduct a receiving inspection on types, quantities, marks, numbering, quantities of Packages as well as outer visible damages according to section 438 HGB.
15.6 The Freight Forwarder shall conduct regular inspections with appropriate personnel for securing the goods.
15.7 In case of stock shortfall and imminent changes at the goods, the Freight Forwarder shall immediately inform the Principal and ask for instructions. Section 471 (2) HGB remains unaffected.
15.8 Additional service and information obligations require an explicit agreement.
16. Remuneration
16.1 The services according to the Freight Forwarding Contract are compensated with the agreed remuneration, if this remuneration includes the costs for transportation and warehousing. Supplemental claims for costs occurred during regular transportation or warehousing and which were foreseeable at the time of the offer, cannot be claimed separately, unless otherwise agreed. Calculation errors are at the expense of the calculator. Sections 412, 418, 419, 491, 492, 588 until 595 HGB and comparable provisions of international conventions remain unaffected.
17. Compensation claims and right of recourse
17.1 The Freight Forwarder is, if not caused by his fault, entitled to ask for refund of expenses properly incurred, in particular those relating to average contributions, detention or demurrage charges, including additional packaging for protecting the goods.
17.2 If the Principal instructs the Freight Forwarder to receive goods and if, on reception of the goods by the Freight Forwarder, freight, cash on delivery, customs duties, taxes, or other expenses and charges are demanded, the Freight Forwarder is entitled – but not obliged – to pay these costs according to the circumstances he has properly assessed, and to claim reimbursement from the Principal, unless otherwise agreed.
17.3 On request, the Principal must immediately indemnify the Freight Forwarder for expenditures, such as freight, average contributions, customs duties, taxes and other fees demanded from the Freight Forwarder, in particular acting as a person authorised to dispose or as possessor of goods belonging to third parties, unless the Freight Forwarder is responsible for their accrual.
18. Invoices, foreign currencies
18.1 Remuneration claims of the Freight Forwarder require the reception of an invoice or payment schedule in accordance to statutory requirements. If not otherwise agreed, the maturity is not dependent on presenting a delivery receipt in case of an uncontested Delivery.
18.2 Regarding foreign Principals or Consignees, the Freight Forwarder is entitled to ask whether to receive payment in the relevant foreign currency or in Euro (EUR).
18.3 If the Freight Forwarder owes foreign currency or has advanced foreign currency amounts, the Freight Forwarder is entitled to ask for payment in either the relevant foreign currency or in Euro (EUR). In case of Euro (EUR), currency conversion is made according to the official exchange rate on the day of payment, which shall be evidenced by the Freight Forwarder.
18.4 Payment according to a credit memo procedure must be expressly agreed. In case of doubt, all credit memos are to be issued immediately, upon completion of services. Clause 18.1 first sentence ADSp is not applicable for credit memo procedures.
19. Set-off, Retention
In the face of claims arising from the Freight Forwarding Contract and associated non-contractual claims, set-off or retention is only permitted when the claim is due, uncontested, ready for decision or legally established.
20. Lien and retention rights
20.1 The Freight Forwarder is entitled to secure its demands arising from freight forwarding services according to the legally permitted regulations regarding lien and retention rights.
20.2 Lien rights can be exercised according to the legally established provisions, providing:
20.2.1 the threat and the required notifications about the exercise of the legitimate lien and the sale of the pledged items by the carrier shall be forwarded to the Consignee,
20.2.2 the time limit of one month as specified in section 1234 BGB is superseded by a time limit of one week.
20.3 The Principal is entitled to prohibit the exercise of the lien by granting an equivalent security for its claims, such as a directly enforceable bank guarantee.
21. Insurance of goods
21.1 The Freight Forwarder arranges the insurance of the goods (e.g. goods in transit or warehousing insurance) with an insurer of its choice, when the Principal assigns the Freight Forwarder to do so prior to handing over the goods
21.2 The Freight Forwarder shall arrange insurance for the goods, if this is in the interest of the Principal. The Freight Forwarder can assume that insurance is in the interest of the Principal, in particular when:
21.2.1 the Freight Forwarder has arranged insurance for a previous Freight Forwarding Contract for the same Principal in the course of an ongoing business relationship,
21.2.2 the Principal has declared a value of the goods for the purpose of insurance.
21.3 The assumption that insurance is in the interest of the Principal according to clause 21.2 ADSp is discounted, in particular when:
21.3.1 the Principal has prohibited the purchase,
21.3.2 the Principal is a Freight Forwarder, carrier or warehouse keeper.
21.4 In case of purchasing insurance cover, the Freight Forwarder shall observe instructions of the Principal, in particular the amount insured and risks to be covered. In the absence of such an instruction, the Freight Forwarder must assess the type and scope of insurance in its sole discretion and purchase insurance cover at the usual market conditions.
21.5 If, due to the nature of the goods to be insured, or for another reason, the Freight Forwarder is unable to purchase insurance cover, the Freight Forwarder will notify the Principal immediately.
21.6 If the Freight Forwarder purchases an insurance after conclusion of the Freight Forwarding Contract and upon instruction of the Principal or recovers a claim or acts otherwise on behalf of the Principal regarding carrying out insurance claims or averages, the Freight Forwarder is entitled to a reasonable remuneration according to local standards, otherwise, an appropriate remuneration, in addition to the compensation of its expenses, even in the absence of a prior agreement.
22. Liability of the Freight Forwarder, Subrogation of claims of reimbursement
22.1 The Freight Forwarder is liable for damages according to the statutory provisions. However, the following provisions shall apply, in as much as they do not contradict mandatory regulations, in particular the law of pre-formulated terms and conditions
22.2 In all cases, where the Freight Forwarder is fault-based liable for losses or damages to the goods ("Güterschaden") according to clause 23.3 and 24, the Freight Forwarder must only pay the value and reimburse the costs according to sections 429, 430, 432 HGB instead of damage compensation.
22.3 In case of inventory divergences, the Freight Forwarder is entitled to balance the inventory with positive stock balance differences and stock shortfall of the same Principal for value evaluation in cases as set out in clause 24 ADSp.
22.5 If the Freight Forwarder has claims, for which the Freight Forwarder is not liable for, against a third party in case of damages, or in cases when the Freight Forwarder has claims exceeding the sum for which the Freight Forwarder is liable, the Freight Forwarder must subrogate such claims to the Principal upon request, unless the Freight Forwarder has a separate agreement to pursue claims on behalf and at the expense of the Principal. Sections 437, 509 HGB remain unaffected.
23. Liability limitations
23.1 Except in case of damages during carriage of goods by sea or ordered warehousing, the Freight Forwarder's liability for damages to goods is limited according to section 431 (1), (2) and (4) HGB, to:
23.1.1 8.33 Special Drawing Rights (SDR) for every kg, whenever the Freight Forwarder is:
- a carrier, as defined by section 407 HGB,
- acting as principal ("Spediteur im Selbsteintritt"), fixed costs freight forwarder (Fixkostenspediteur) or consolidator ("Sammelladungsspediteur"), according to sections 458 to 460 HGB or
- care, custody and control Freight Forwarder ("Obhutsspediteur") according to Section 461 (1) HGB.
23.1.2 2 instead of 8.33 SDR for every kg, whenever the Principal has agreed to a Freight Forwarding Contract which is subject to a variety of transport means and includes carriage of goods by sea and an unknown damage place.In case of a known damage place, the liability according to section 452a HGB is subject to the liability exclusion and liability limitation of the ADSp.
23.1.3 Whenever Freight Forwarder's liability according to clause 23.1.1 ADSp exceeds an amount of EUR 1.25 million per Damage Case, this liability is furthermore limited to EUR 1.25 million per Damage Case, or to 2 SDR for every kg, whichever amount is higher.
23.2 The liability of the Freight Forwarder for damages to the goods in its custody for Freight Forwarding Contracts which are subject to carriage of goods by sea and cross-border transportation is limited to the maximum statutory liability amount. Clause 25 ADSp remains unaffected
23.3 For all cases out of scope of clauses 23.1 and 23.2, such as section 461 (2) HGB, 280 ff BGB, the liability of the Freight Forwarder for damages to goods is limited according to section 431 (1), (2) und (4) HGB to a maximum of:
23.3.1 2 SDR per kg for Freight Forwarding Contracts relating to carriage of goods by sea or a transportation by a variety of transport means, but including carriage of goods by sea,
23.3.2 8.33 SDR per kg for all other Freight Forwarding Contracts
23.3.3 Furthermore, the Freight Forwarder's liability is limited to the maximum amount of EUR 1.25 million for each case of damage.
23.4 The liability of the Freight Forwarder for all other damages than damages to the goods with the exception of damages during ordered warehousing or damages to personal injury or goods of third parties is limited to three times the amount that would be payable for the loss of goods according to clauses 23.3.1 or 23.3.2 ADSp. Furthermore, the Freight Forwarder's liability is limited for each case of damage to the maximum amount of EUR 125,000
23.4.1 Sections 413 (2), 418 (6), 422 (3), 431 (3), 433, 445 (3), 446 (2), 487 (2), 491 (5), 520 (2), 521 (4), 523 HGB as well as any relevant mandatory liability provisions in international conventions shall remain unaffected.
23.4.2 Clause 23.4 ADSp is not applicable on statutory provisions, such as Article 25 Montreal Convention (MC), Article 5 Règles uniformes concernant le Contrat de transport international ferroviaire des marchandises (CIM) or Article 20 Convention de Budapest relative au contract de transport de marchandises en navigation intérieure (CMNI), which extend Freight Forwarder's liability or permit to extend.
23.5 If Freight Forwarder's liability according to Articles 23.1, 23.3 and 23.4 ADSp exceeds the amount of EUR 2.5 million per Damage Event, then Freight Forwarder's liability is, irrespective of how many claims arise from a single Damage Event, further limited to a maximum amount of EUR 2.5 million per Damage Event or to 2 SDR per kg for lost or damaged goods, whichever amount is the higher. When there is more than one claimant, the Freight Forwarder's liability shall be proportionate to individual claims.
24. Liability limitations for ordered warehousing, inventories and declaration of value
24.1 In the case of ordered warehousing, the liability of the Freight Forwarder for damages to goods is limited to:
24.1.1 8.33 SDR for every kg corresponding to sections 431 (1), (2) and (4) HGB
24.1.2 a maximum of EUR 35,000 per Damage Case.
24.1.3 EUR 70,000 per year, in cases where the damage claimed by the Principal bases, contrary to clause 24.1.2 ADSp, on a difference between calculated stock and actual stock of the inventory, irrespective of the amount and type of inventory taking and the amount of Damage Cases causing the difference in inventory.
24.2 Upon payment of an agreed supplement and prior to warehousing of goods, the Principal can specify a value in text form for an increased liability that differs from the maximum amounts stipulated in clause 24.1. In this case, the specified value replaces the relevant maximum amount.
24.3 In case of warehousing upon instruction, the Freight Forwarder's liability for other damages, excluding damages to personal injury or goods of third parties, is limited to EUR 35,000 per case of damage.
24.4 In case of warehousing upon instruction, but excluding personal injury or damages to goods of third parties, the Freight Forwarder's liability is always limited to EUR 2.5 million per Damage Event, irrespective of how many claims arise from a single Damage Event. When there is more than one claimant, the Freight Forwarder's liability shall be proportionate to individual claims. Clause 24.2 ADSp remains unaffected.
25. Exclusion of liability for carriage of goods by sea and inland waterway transportation
25.1 In accordance with section 512 (2) No. 1 HGB, it is agreed that: The Freight Forwarder in its position as carrier is not responsible for any fault or neglect on the part of its servants or of the ship's company, insofar as the corresponding damage was caused in the course of steering or otherwise operating the ship, or was caused by fire or explosion on board the ship and the measures taken were not predominantly for the benefit of the cargo.
25.2 According to Article 25 (2) CMNI it is agreed that the Freight Forwarder in its position as carrier or actual carrier is not liable for damages and losses arising from:
25.2.1 an act or omission by the master of the vessel, the pilot or any other person in the service of the vessel, pusher or tower during navigation or in the formation or dissolution of a pushed or towed convoy, provided that the Freight Forwarder complied with the obligations set out for the crew in Article 3 (3) CMNI, unless the act or omission results from an intention to cause damage or from reckless conduct with the knowledge that such damage would probably result,
25.2.2 fire or an explosion on board the vessel, where it is not possible to prove that the fire or explosion resulted from a fault of the Freight Forwarder or the actual carrier or their servants or agents or a defect of the vessel,
25.2.3 the defects existing prior to the voyage of his vessel or of a rented or chartered vessel if he can prove that such defects could not have been detected prior to the start of the voyage despite due diligence.
25.3 Clause 22.4 ADSp remains unaffected.
26. Non-contractual liability
In accordance with sections 434, 436 HGB, the above mentioned liability exclusions and limitations also apply to non-contractual claims. Clause 23.4.1 ADSp applies accordingly
27. Qualified fault
27.1 Liability exclusions and limitations listed in clauses 22.2, 22.3, 23.3 and 23.4 in conjunction with 23.5, 24 as well as 26 ADSp do not apply when the damage has been caused by:
27.1.1 intent or gross negligence of the Freight Forwarder or vicarious agents or
27.1.2 infringement of Material Contractual Obligations, whereby such claims are limited to predictable and typical damages.
27.2 Divergent from clause 27.1.2 ADSp, only the liability limitations of clause 24.1 and 24.2 ADSp do not apply in case of gross negligent or intentional infringements of Material Contractual Obligations only.
27.3 Sections 435, 507 HGB remain applicable within their scope of application.
27.3 Clause 27.1 ADSp is not applicable on statutory provisions, such as Article 25 MC, Article 36 CIM or Article 20, 21 CMNI, which extend Freight Forwarder's liability, allow extending or expanding the imputation of fault of servants or third parties.
28. Liability insurance of the Freight Forwarder
28.1 The Freight Forwarder is obliged to purchase and maintain liability insurance at the usual market conditions with an insurer of his choice that, as a minimum, covers the ordinary liability amounts of its freight forwarding liability according to ADSp and statutory provisions. The agreement of maximum insurance amounts per Damage Case, Damage Event and year is permitted as well as the agreement of reasonable deductibles for the Freight Forwarder.
28.2 Upon request, the Freight Forwarder is obliged to provide evidence of the liability insurance and its validity by presentation of an insurance confirmation within a reasonable Time Frame. In absence of such a presentation, the Principal is entitled to terminate the Freight Forwarding Contract extraordinarily.
28.3 The Freight Forwarder is only entitled to rely on the liability limitations of the ADSp, when the Freight Forwarder provides an appropriate insurance cover at the time of order.
29. Liability of the Principal
29.1 The liability of the Principal pursuant to sections 414, 455, 468, and 488 HGB is limited to EUR 200,000 per Damage Event.
29.2 The aforementioned liability limitation does not apply in case of personal injuries, such as injury of life, body and health, if the damage was caused by gross negligence or wilful intent of the Principal or its vicarious agents, or infringement of Material Contractual Obligations, whereas the latter is limited to predictable and typical damages
30. Applicable law, place of fulfilment, place of jurisdiction
30.1 The legal relationship between the Freight Forwarder and Principal is governed by German law.
30.2 The place of fulfilment for all involved parties is the location of the Freight Forwarder's branch office dealing with the order or the enquiry
30.3 The place of jurisdiction for all disputes arising from the Freight Forwarding Contract, an enquiry or in relation to it, is and all involved parties the location of the Principal or Freight Forwarder's branch office dealing with the order or enquiry, as far as all these parties are merchants. The aforementioned place of jurisdiction shall be deemed as an additional place of jurisdiction pursuant to Article 31 CMR and Article 46 § 1 CIM, but not in case of Article 39 CMR, Article 33 MC, Article 28 Convention for the Unification of certain rules relating to international carriage by air (WC).
31. Confidentiality
31.1 Contractual parties are obliged to maintain confidentiality regarding all unpublished information received during the execution of the Freight Forwarding Contract. This information can only be used for the exclusive purpose of contract fulfilment. The parties shall commit other legal persons with an equivalent confidentiality obligation, if these legal persons are deployed for contract fulfilment.
32. Compliance
32.1 The Freight Forwarder shall comply with minimum wage provisions and minimum conditions for workplaces and confirms the compliance in text form upon request of the Principal. The Freight Forwarder indemnifies the Principal for its liability for minimum wages, if the Freight Forwarder, its subcontractor or hirer during the course of fulfilment of the Freight Forwarding Contract, does not pay the minimum wages and the Principal is demanded to pay.
32.2 The Freight Forwarder shall ensure in case of transportation services, that himself or its executing subcontractor
32.2.1 possesses, within the scope of application of the Güterkraftverkehrsgesetz (GüKG), a permission according to section 3 GüKG, an entitlement according to section 6 GüKG or a community license or does not use such a permission, entitlement or license unlawfully.
32.2.2 deploys, within the scope of application of the GüKG driving personnel, which comply with the requirements of section 7b (1) sentence 1 GüKG, if applicable,
32.2.3 upon request provides all documents, which must be carried during transportation according to statutory provisions, when the Principal or third parties must comply with statutory controlling obligations,
32.3 In case of transportation, the Freight Forwarder or its executing subcontractor is obliged to organise the activities of its driving personnel according to the compulsory working, driving and recreation times. During the driving of Vehicles, alcohol and drugs are generally prohibited.
32.4 Both contracting parties commit to carrying out their contractual duties and to act according to the legal regulations covering their business and to support and obey the principles of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC), the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, and the Declaration of the International Labour Organization regarding the 1998 Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, in accordance with national laws and customs. In particular, both parties will commit to:
32.4.1 no child or forced labour,
32.4.2 comply with the relevant national laws and regulations regarding working hours, wages, salaries and to comply with any other obligations for employers,
32.4.3 comply with the current regulations on health and safety at work, and to provide a safe and healthy workplace to ensure the health of employees and to avoid accidents, injuries and work-related illness,
32.4.4 omit all discrimination based on race, religion, disability, age, sexual orientation or sex,
32.4.5 comply with international standards on corruption, such as those published in UNGC and to adhere to local anti-corruption and bribery laws,
32.4.6 adhere to all current environmental protection laws and regulations
32.4.7 engage its business partners and subcontractors according to the aforementioned principles.


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Recently, a few friends and I took advantage of some rare balmy Midwest weather and went on a historical adventure. We didn't have money or a plan, but we stumbled upon a little piece of Minnesota history right in downtown Minneapolis!
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, a famous American poet, lived in Cambridge, Massachusetts but in 1885, a Minneapolis fish market owner named Robert Jones built a 2/3-scale replica of Longfellow's home in Minneapolis. Longfellow never lived in the house because he died in 1882 but the city of Minneapolis now owns the house and after years of being used as a haunted mansion, it's now basically a museum and information center. For an English major like me, this was a fantasy!
This is just one of the many historical sites and national parks in Minnesota and it's pretty easy to find many types of free museums, historical locations and ancient legends right in your college's town as well. You can use the National Parks Service's National Register of Historic Places to find sites like this in your area and most states also have a Historical Society that boasts free or inexpensive history-centered events near you. Even better, check out your dream school's personal history! It's always interesting to find out who the buildings are named after or other random facts your campus tour guide can't tell you. (For example, the University of Minnesota has a heritage trail with markers that describe everything from the history of the campus architecture to university icons and famous alumni.)
Learning about the history of your city not only helps you to feel connected to the past but also helps you to be better informed about interesting occurrences that happened where you live, work, study and play. History is everywhere – you just have to actively seek it out!
Katie Askew is a sophomore at the University of Minnesota pursuing degrees in journalism and English. At school, Katie can be found reading, drumming or working in the Office of Admissions. Outside of school, she enjoys traveling, teaching and performing music and spending time outdoors with friends and family. Katie loves all things zebra and has a necessary addiction to coffee. Her iPod is perpetually playing Death Cab for Cutie or classical music because she truly believes that when words fail, music speaks.

subset: commoncrawl


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One of the principle demonstrations of God's power is divine healing. This is happening more today than it did during the whole of church history. The authors confront the belief that spiritual gifts like healing, ceased at the close of the apostolic era at the end of the first century. The authors believe that God heals the sick today as we pray for them in the name of Jesus from what they have discovered about the way in which healing functions as just one expression of the love of God.
This timeless classic with worldwide appeal (over 1.2 million in print in 32 languages) freshly reveals the freedom and healing that come from discovering God as the perfectly reliable Father--eager to meet every need, ready to give His love. Readers will learn: how to deal with heart issues that prevent them from calling God "Father" how the Father's compassion heals the deep emotional wounds caused by earthly fathers who don't know how to love...or who just aren't there how relationships can be restored and homes reunited A superb resource for discipleship and counseling.
HERE IS A BOOK THAT WILL HELP YOU EXPERIENCE THE LOVE OF GOD! Experiencing Father's Embrace shows you how you can personally feel your Father's loving and comforting embrace, and points out areas that may be hindering you from experiencing a more intimate relationship with your Creator. Jack Frost, ministry leader and teacher, reveals the love that God has for each of His children. His love is not doled out by age, race, gender, politics, or denomination--His embrace is for all. The author offers many ways to bring both new and seasoned believers closer to Him. The truths shared in this book will make a positive difference in your life, in the lives of your loved ones and especially in your relationship with God the Father---who yearns for your companionship. Experiencing Father's Embrace is not based on hearsay but on Scripture and powerful life experiences of a man whose personal testimony will encourage and inspire you to pursue God's eternal loving embrace.
Out of stockHaving clear boundaries is essential to a healthy, balanced lifestyle. A boundary is a personal property line that marks those things for which we are responsible. In other words, boundaries define who we are and who we are not. Boundaries impact all areas of our lives: Physical boundaries help us determine who may touch us, mental boundaries give us the freedom to have our own thoughts, emotional boundaries help us to deal with our own emotions and spiritual boundaries help us to distinguish God's will from our own.
On a cold winter night in January, 1994 the Holy Spirit burst forth like a mighty river on a small church near the Toronto airport? What happened? Was this a revival? What was it like? What did people experience? What did they see and hear? What did it mean? How did the leadership cope with it all? What followed? "Once Upon a Revival..." has been written from a subjective point of view in hope that many such questions are answered.
Discover the emotional freedom that everyone wants but few experience. Break the secret link to the pain of the past. Identify the number one source of suffering. Never be hurt by another insult. Learn the only biblical way to prevent pain. Free yourself from the need to judge others. Experience freedom from criticism.
Gary Smalley explains what motivates men and how women can use their natural attractive qualities to build a better marriage. He helps women understand not only the way men think, but also how to move a man's heart. Using case histories aa pand biblical illustrations, he addresses with empathy, humor, and wisdom every practical and emotional problem a woman can face in her marriage.
Bestselling author, Gary Smalley, has long been esteemed as one of the premier books on marriage for men. Smalley helps men understand their wives and meet their needs in order to establish a loving, thriving relationship that will last a lifetime. This book is the perfect guide for husbands who want to love their wives and strengthen their marriages in a way like never before. Using humorous and touching illustrations from his own life, as well as case histories and biblical examples, Gary Smalley maps a blueprint to a better marriage that will have a deep and lasting impact on men and their wives.
Psychologist, Larry Crabb, cuts to the heart of the biblical view of marriage: the "one flesh" relationship. In The Marriage Builder, he first deals with the principle of oneness. His thesis is that the deepest needs of human personality – security and significance – ultimately cannot be met by a marriage partner. It requires turning to the Lord rather than one's spouse, which frees both partners to commit to minister to the spouse's needs rather than manipulating to meet one's own needs. Differentiating between goals and desires, moreover, enables you to overcome blocked communication, faulty reminders, and past failures in restoring a meaningfully happy marriage relationship. The second part of this book presents the three building blocks essential to constructing marriage: the grace of God, true marriage commitment, and acceptance of one's mate. Various exercises help one understand how to build or rebuild a marriage, even when one spouse chooses not to cooperate. Also helpful to counselors.
After centuries of neglect, the church is rediscovering the realm of dreams and visions as a legitimate avenue for receiving divine revelation. "Dream Language" provides exciting and revealing truths about the Master Dream Weaver and His desire to communicate with you. Based on extensive biblical study and years of personal insight, the authors provide in-depth examples about this fascinating realm. You will learn how to: receive and understand your dreams, interpret and apply your dream revelations, recognise the difference between Holy Spirit and natural dreams, and eliminate obstacles keeping you from receiving God's revelations.
Find Security, Freedom, and Acceptance by Resting in the Fathers Love People are always looking for identity and acceptance. Sadly, the search often leads to wrong places, wrong people, and wrong messages about who they are. These restless journeys ultimately lead us to feeling frustrated, unloved, and unseen. The truth is you are already loved and accepted by your Heavenly Father! Transition from living in Spiritual Slavery to Sonship, as you: experience Father Gods love like never beforeit stops being theology and becomes transformational encounter. learn how to walk in peace, security, and restno matter what circumstances are against you. break free from always feeling guilty, shameful, and condemned. enjoy your spiritual inheritance as you walk in your true identity. Drawing from Jack Frosts adventures as a seafaring boat captain and his everyday experiences with church and family, you will quickly find yourself in this story. Get ready to learn practical truths on how to root out lies about your identity and start living as a beloved child of God!
The bestselling Henri Nouwen title of all time! Over a million copies sold world wide. For all who ask, "Where has my struggle led me?" or for those "on the road" who have had the courage to embark on the journey but seek the illumination, this work will inspire. A chance encounter with a reproduction of Rembrandt's The Return of the Prodigal Son catapulted Henri Nouwen on a long spiritual adventure. Here he shares the deeply personal and resonant meditation that led him to discover the place within where God has chosen to dwell. In seizing the inspiration that came to him through Rembrandt's depiction of the powerful Gospel story, Henri Nouwen probes the several movements of the parable: the younger son's return, the father's restoration of sonship, the elder son's vengefulness, and the father's compassion. In his reflection on Rembrandt in light of his own life journey, the author evokes a powerful drama of the parable in a rich, captivating way that is sure to reverberate in the hearts of readers. The themes of homecoming, affirmation, and reconciliation will be newly discovered by all who have known loneliness, dejection, jealousy, or anger. The challenge to love as the father and be loved as the son will be seen as the ultimate revelation of the parable known to Christians throughout time, and here represented with a vigor and power fresh for our times.
"Loving Our Kids on Purpose" shows you how to plant in your children the principles of the Kingdom of God and a heart for the Lord. The easily implemented plan gives you the tools to raise your children in the joy and the fullness of the Lord Jesus. This book teaches parents how to train children to manage their freedoms and protect their important heart-to-heart relationships.
All of us want an enduring marriage, a beautiful marriage we can believe in. That kind of marriage happens through intimacy. Intimacy requires hard work and a guide. Dr. Kim Kimberling is that guide and this book and its tools will show you how communication and intimacy in marriage can be yours. Kimberling offers insights like connecting every day in spite of what's in the way, learning how to fight in the right ways, and stopping the insanity of doing the same thing over and over even when it isn't working. Once these 7 secrets are a part of your marriage, you can stand together and fight anything that would ever try to tear your marriage apart. Whether you have just celebrated your first anniversary or your fiftieth, 7 Secrets to an Awesome Marriage by Dr. Kim Kimberling is for you. If you have a good marriage, this book can help you have a great marriage. If you are struggling, Kim Kimberling will help you turn the corner and make your marriage into what you want it to be.
From bestselling author James W. Goll, a strategic prophetic leader in global intercessory prayer, comes an in-depth journey into the heart of what it means to be a "watchman on the wall." Designed for serious worshipers and intercessors, this unique 21-day journey will help you move to the front lines of prayer--becoming more alert to the presence of God and praying his will with confidence. With reflection questions, devotional prayers, and practical application, this book will help you
- discern the specific spiritual atmosphere around you
- discover the strategies of God for certain times
- pray more effectively for others
- understand how to intercede for current events
This book explores the three arenas of spiritual warfare that the maturing Christian will face: the mind, the church and the heavenly places. It provides a foundation of insight, wisdom and discernment on the nature of the battle and the keys to victory.
Resist the enemy's attacks! Legendary author and Bible teacher Derek Prince explains the battle that is waging right now between the forces of God and the forces of evil. Discover the truths about the nature of this battle so you can...
- Put on your defensive armor
- Counter the devil with offensive weapons of attack
- Tear down the enemy's strongholds
- Learn the key to overcoming Satan's assaults
- Help others to do the same
Words spoken over individuals, cities, and nations are conditional; their fulfillment is based upon our response. Paul exhorted believers to wage war for personal prophecies. How does one wage war for a prophetic word and journey from promise to fulfillment? That question burned in Patricia s heart as she sought the Lord about how to walk in the things He promised her through prophecies. In this book you will walk beside her on her journey of discovery so the Lord can reveal to you the keys to unlock the doors of your destiny. You will discover how to: Recognize the depths of God's Father love toward you, how to respond to it, and how to allow it to change your life; Find the keys to healing your heart so you are capable of receiving prophetic fulfillment; Live daily the prophetic lifestyle; Successfully make prophetic decrees that change your life and the lives of others and much more. Isn't it time you experience the convergence of heaven's desire for your life--both in the here and now and in the eternal realm to come' ... Thus says the Lord God: None of my words will be postponed any more, but the word which I speak will be done ... (Ezekiel 12:28).
You are supernatural! Every believer in Christ is a supernatural being with a supernatural purpose, called to walk in the supernatural ways of heaven and demonstrate God's supernatural Kingdom here on earth! In Simple Supernatural, Joshua Mills shares exciting personal testimonies, biblical keys, and practical guidelines that will launch you into a supernatural lifestyle. Learn how to:
- Live in the Glory Realm
- Win Souls Supernaturally
- Manifest God's Word and Heal the Sick
- And More!
Thoughts can seem random and meaningless, but they impact your life every day. It's all connected. What you think affects your words, attitude, decisions, and emotions and influences how you relate to yourself, to other people, and to God. In THE MIND CONNECTION, Joyce Meyer expands on the wisdom of her bestselling books Battlefield of the Mind and Power Thoughts to explain how to improve the quality of your thoughts and your life. She explores the undeniable connection between the mind, mouth, moods, and attitudes, so that you can develop and maintain the right mental position--no matter what challenges you face. Through practical advice and Scriptural insights, Joyce will help you learn to think with purpose, gain greater confidence, and claim the fulfilling life you were meant to lead.
Release God's healing power in your life! Every Christian has been sent and empowered by Jesus to heal the sick. The problem is that many of us don't know how to practically complete this task. We either think that miraculous healing has passed away, that healing ministry is only available to special leaders, or that God simply picks and chooses who He decides to heal. In "Power to Heal", Dr. Randy Clark gives you eight practical, Bible-based tools that will help you start praying for the sick… and see them supernaturally healed! You'll learn how to:
- Receive and share words of knowledge for healing
- Pray with authority to release God's power
- Keep ministering to people when they don't get instantly healed
- Use the five-step prayer model
In this encouraging book, Chip Ingram reveals how readers can meet God in the midst of their most difficult circumstances. Chip's candid discussion, personal stories, and solid guidance will allow readers to move from "knowing about God" to profoundly experiencing his presence and power in their lives. Whether they're struggling with rocky relationships, unexpected crises, depression, or injustice, Finding God When You Need Him Most will remind readers that the Lord is faithful to hear their heart's cry and will be there for them, time and again.
In his groundbreaking book fifteen years ago, Gordon Dalbey identified the fact that men's souls have been torn between strength and sensitivity. Today, the situation is even worse. The politically correct crowd cries out for men to be more sensitive, to tame their masculine nature. On the opposing side, the media bombards men with "macho" images of violence and lust. Is it any wonder men are left bewildered about who they should be? In this newly revised and updated edition of Healing the Masculine Soul, Dalbey claims that there's hope for restoration, hope for healing-because Christ has come to heal us. God is calling men out to a relationship with Himself and calling them out to authentic manhood. "Our task is not to curse our manhood, but to redeem it," he writes. Gordon Dalbey's refreshing, comprehensive picture of God's design for the masculine soul dares men to be as God created them to be-not as society demands. Dalbey tackles the tough issues, including work, sexuality, marriage, and fatherhood.
In this groundbreaking book, Dr. Kenneth Doka explores a new, compassionate way to grieve, explaining that grief is not an illness to get over but an individual and ongoing journey. There is no "one-size-fits-all" way to cope with loss. The vital bonds that we form with those we love in life continue long after death—in very different ways. Grief Is a Journey is the first book to overturn the prevailing, often judgmental, ideas about grief, and replace them with a hopeful, inclusive, personalized, and research-backed approach. New science and studies behind Dr. Doka's teaching upend the dominant but incorrect view that grief proceeds by stages. In doing so, he helps us realize that our experiences following a death are far more individual and much less predictable than the conventional "five stages" model would have us believe. Common patterns of experiencing and expressing grief still prevail, yet many other life changes accompany a primary loss. For example, the deaths of parents, even for adults, modify family patterns, change relationships, and alter old family rituals. Unique to this book, Dr. Doka also explains how to cope with disenfranchised grief—the types of loss that are not so readily recognized or supported by society. These include the death of ex-spouses, as well as non-fatal losses such as divorce, the end of a friendship, job loss, or infertility. In addition, Dr. Doka considers losses that might be stigmatized, including death by suicide or from disease or self-destructive behaviors such as smoking or alcoholism. Since no two people experience grief in the exact same way, Grief Is a Journey offers a variety of self-help strategies for coping with grief. It delineates the many ways we can create personal and private therapeutic rituals throughout our grief journey. This book also offers counsel on when—and where—to seek professional assistance. And finally, Dr. Doka reminds us that, however painful, grief provides opportunities for growth.
Produced and performed by the Singing Waters team and friends in 2002, Unstoppable contains songs that came into being as a result of the outpouring of God's heart for His people.
Contains piano instrumental music. This is a spontaneous soaking time recorded live in 2007 at Singing Waters Ministries. It is recorded for those who are walking through a difficult season in life. Ecclesiastes 3 tells us that there is a time of waiting, a time of sorrow, a time to bless, a time to receive blessings, a time to cry and a time to laugh... The Father loves to be with us and it is His desire to fill us with His unfailing love. He wants us to know that He has plans to prosper us and not to harm us, plans to give us hope and a future. He is with us through all the ups and downs and He is watching over us.


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In order to foster a free and fair society I affirm that I will
practice my profession with responsibility and with
dignity. I will abide by the following principles:
The impact of software is growing continuously in all areas of our lives. I acknowledge the consequences to humanity and the environment that evolve from our work.
It is increasingly possible to violate personal and human rights with the use of software as the boundaries between real and digital world become blurred.
I know that I can't control software once it is released so I have a responsibility to consider the potential for my software to violate people's rights before I start to implement it. I will reject projects which facilitate this abuse.
The possible negative consequences of the improper use of complex software are inconceivable to most users. Therefore it is our responsibility as software developers to communicate the boundaries of proper use clearly.
When I realize that a software that I released is not applicable anymore, my minimum responsibility is to let potential and existing users know.
My applications are likely to collect personal information. I will safeguard this, and use it only as the provider of the information intended. I will treat their data as if it were my own.
The increasing number of devices that contain software has a strong impact on the global use of resources and energy.
I am ethically responsible for my decisions and I will act according to my conscience.
I will not develop software that is intended to violate human rights and civil liberties.
I will be worthy of the faith in me as an expert of my profession.
I will collect only the data that is essential for my task. I will store it only as long as needed.
I will do my very best to prevent the waste of energy and resources.
I make these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.
Privacy policy:We need your e-mail address in order to send you a validation message. When you validate your e-mail, we will add your name to the list. We will not use your e-mail address in any other way. As soon as you confirmed your e-mail address, we will store it only in an encrypted form to validate it's uniqueness.
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A detective calls it "death alley." The two miles of South Vermont Avenue that stretch north from Imperial Highway are home to churches, liquor stores, mortuaries and one of the highest rates of homicide in L.A. County.
Sixty people have been killed along this corridor since 2007, most shot to death.
The violence, which seems never-ending, landed at Angela Hawkins' doorstep.
When gunshots sprayed from a passing car in October, panicked neighbors fled through the hallways of her apartment complex on West 92nd Street.
Hawkins opened her door to find Joe Anthony Ordaz on the floor, saying he'd been hit. People surrounded him, telling him he would be OK.
She recognized him. Their young children played together. Ordaz, 24, would die before sunrise.
Early last year, Hawkins, 31, moved out of her mother's home and into this unincorporated community, known as Westmont, lured by a cheap deposit.
Since then, she's seen Los Angeles County sheriff's deputies storm the mint green complex, guns drawn. She's watched as people tossed weapons and drugs onto the roof to avoid arrest. In the courtyard, a man was beaten and stabbed with shards of a broken plate.
By the time Ordaz lay mortally wounded, Hawkins had seen enough. She vowed to find a way out.
"There's violence everywhere," she said. "But it's not like this."
In a county of 10 million people, Westmont is among the deadliest places to live. In the last seven years, 100 people — nearly all of them male — have been killed in the 1.8 square miles wedged between the city of Los Angeles and Inglewood. Times analysis of homicide data collected in that time found Westmont's rate of killings to be the highest overall.
The community, which has no city government of its own, has fallen through the cracks, said Nathan Arias, who heads a nonprofit group trying to make a difference. There's a youth center south of Imperial Highway, a general community task force meets weekly and scattered school programs exist, but there has been no widespread effort to reduce violence.
"It's amazing that an area with such high need is so underserved," he said.
Westmont's homicide figure is about the same as the combined total in Highland Park, Glendale, Pasadena, Eagle Rock, Glassell Park and Atwater Village, an area with 14 times as many residents and some neighborhoods that have experienced gang problems of their own. Even among a patchwork of areas across South L.A. notorious for gangs, drugs and violence, Westmont stood out among data reported since 2007 for the online project The Homicide Report.
Westmont's neighbor to the east, Vermont Vista, shares "death alley" as a boundary. But the L.A. city neighborhood, similar in size and demographics, has had a little more than half as many homicides, 57, over the same period.
Violent crime in the nation — and in Los Angeles County overall — has reached its lowest levels in decades. In many respects, that downturn has spread evenly across neighborhoods, a Times analysis found. But depending on where you live, violence may be an everyday fact of life or so rare that it still shocks.
The face of who gets killed was unchanged over the seven years of homicides.
Men account for nearly 85% of homicide victims. One of every three males killed is between the ages of 17 and 25. Latinos, about half of the county's population, account for nearly half of all killings since 2007.
Blacks, just 8% of the county's residents, remain disproportionately affected, accounting for 32% of homicides. Last year, black people in L.A. County were killed at more than seven times the rate of all other racial and ethnic groups combined. The homicide rate for blacks has remained stubbornly high even as homicides have plummeted in the county from 941 the year Homicide Report began to 594 last year.
In many ways, Westmont provides a window into chronic issues facing urban communities. Until a sharp uptick to 15 last year, homicides here had dropped like elsewhere in the county. But they still occurred at a much higher rate than other neighborhoods. Blacks in Westmont are killed at four times the rate as Latinos, although each group makes up about half of the 30,000 residents. People here are poor — about 40% live below the poverty line, more than double the average rate in the region. Few residents have college degrees.
On these streets, children watch how they dress for fear of being confronted by a gang member. Residents complain of break-ins and gunshots. Nonprofit workers tasked with removing graffiti have faced threats. Finding a person who has been the victim of or witness to violence is as simple as walking the blocks and asking.
On the corner of South Vermont Avenue and West 88th Street, L. Christopher Caver Jr. clutched a can of Modelo beer and smoked a cigarette as soul music flowed from a small boom box. Another man known on the streets as "Maverick" swayed to the beat.
Caver, 38, has lived around here for more than a decade. Two years ago, he was shot seven times inside his car. He lifted up a red Buccaneers jersey to reveal a thick, jagged scar that runs down his stomach.
"It's just Vermont," he says. "It's one of the most dangerous places in L.A."
Nearly every street in the area is claimed by gangs known as the Underground Crips, South Los, The Hoovers, 8 Trey Gangsters, the Raymond Crips and the Rollin' 100s.
"There's not a whole lot of blocks you can go to that are up for grabs," said L.A. County Sheriff's Sgt. Richard White, who works in the area as a gang investigator.
Kevin "Twin" Orange used to claim alliance with the Hoovers. But after he survived eight bullets in 2006 and his brother and cousin were killed three years later, he made it his mission to help quell the violence in the area. He is one of three gang interventionists and two case managers for Soledad Enrichment Action, a nonprofit headed by Arias that gets private funding to reduce violence in Westmont.
"We're more passionate about stopping the violence than anybody," he said of his team, which works in the Westmont area. "Because we created it."
On a recent evening, Deputies Branden Williams and Lisa Moya drove down West 105th Street between Normandie and Denker avenues. As the two flashed a bright light into the dark, men automatically lifted up their shirts to reveal their waistbands — proof that they weren't carrying a gun.
The street was once two-way, but in 1996, the Sheriff's Department requested that it be changed to a one-way to help with crime-fighting efforts. The area has long been controlled by a gang named the Underground Crips whose members would, in more violent days, walk across Normandie to shoot at rivals.
"At least if there's a drive-by, we can catch them," said Williams, who has been patrolling the area since 2010.
The violence here goes beyond conflict between gangs.
Isaiah Kevin Gray, 28, was shot to death in December on the balcony of the light blue apartment complex where he lived for three years. His brother has been charged in the murder, which allegedly took place after a dispute over keys to a storage space.
"It's the hardest thing to see the love of your life just collapsing and dying," said Gray's fiancee, Jacky Pineda, 27, who still lives at the apartment.
That night, her neighbor, Tarasha Patterson, took care of the couple's two children, Elijah, 3, and Noah, 2, while detectives and deputies processed the crime scene.
Patterson, 37, said she's always on high alert. She avoids grocery shopping in the area. On New Year's Eve, she crouched in her hallway, hiding from stray bullets.
Still, she was shocked when she found herself cleaning up Isaiah Gray's blood.
"It's rough, but the thing is, it's affordable," Patterson said of the neighborhood, then paused. "You don't have a choice."
Down the street, Angela Hawkins is saving to move away, but it's slow going. With three children, ages 3, 5 and 7, even the expense of school pictures can be a setback. Hawkins, an in-home caretaker, volunteers for overtime shifts whenever she can, and has a family member watch the kids.
Her shifts sometimes start as early as 4:30 a.m. On those mornings, she's afraid to walk to the bus stop in the dark. Thoughts of her children keep her going.
"I want them to be able to go out and play and everything, and not have to worry about being shot, and seeing guns and stuff like that," she said. "That's too much for me."
Staff writer Maloy Moore contributed to this report.
Follow @latimeshomicide to track killings in L.A. County
For the record: A previous version of this story misspelled Jacky Pineda's first name as Jackie and incorrectly gave her age as 22; she is 27.
For the record: A previous version of the map showing homicides along South Vermont Avenue incorrectly said nearly 60 homicides took place within 500 feet of the street between 2007 and 2013. The map should have shown homicides in an area within 1,300 feet of the street; that is where 61 homicides occurred during that time period. Instead, the map showed 60 homicides that took place over a longer time period, 2000 to 2013, within a smaller area, 500 feet of the street. Of that 60, there were 42 that occurred since 2007. See the original map here.
Explore seven years of homicide data using our interactive maps.


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Operations Manager
- Employer
- Pacific Dental Services (PD)
- Location
- Ontario
- Salary
- Competitive
- Closing date
- Feb 13, 2023
Job Details
Now is the time to join a fast growing organization. You will have opportunities to learn new skills from our team of experienced professionals. If you're ready to take your career to the next level and gain valuable experience, apply today!
As an Operations Manager at Pacific Dental Services, you'll have the opportunity to build a promising career—and a bright future. At Pacific Dental Services, we'll help you take your drive and dedication as far as you want to go. When you join us as an Operations Manager/Trainee, you'll have the tools and resources you need to build a rewarding career. That support starts with a carefully designed training program including unique online components and valuable mentorship. And as you build your future with us, you'll discover additional opportunities for continued education and training, helping you attain your professional goals.
In this entrepreneurial role, you'll use your team-building skills to help us establish a new, state-of-the-art office. If you're looking for an opportunity to enjoy both professional excellence and a balanced lifestyle, join us at Pacific Dental Services.
- Achieve financial performance and revenue growth goals while supporting our culture and mission
- Act as an expert in the local market, employing best practices for patient acquisition and retention
- Provide direct individual and team leadership to achieve success in an entrepreneurial environment
- Bachelor's degree
- 5 years of relevant work experience, or equivalent
- Coursework or on-the-job training in the fields of dentistry, business or training
- Strong retail management and leadership skills
- Experience leading a team, mentoring and coaching subordinates
- Medical, dental and vision insurance
- Paid time off
- Child Care Assistance
- 401k
- Paid time to volunteer in your community
A life of service is the highest calling, and we live it every day. Join us as an Operations Manager/Trainee at Pacific Dental Services and help us improve the quality of life for millions of people.
Pacific Dental Services is an Equal Opportunity Employer. We celebrate diversity and are united in our mission to create healthier and happier team members.
Pacific Dental Services (PDS), one of the country's leading dental support organizations, provides a full scope of business and administrative support services to dentists, including marketing, real estate, payroll, human resources, billing and accounting. Founded in 1994, PDS provides business support services for more than 530 dental practices across the United States.
In 2012, PDS was recognized by Inc. Magazine's Hire Power Awards, ranking 4th on Inc.'s list of the "Top Ten Heroes of the American Economy." PDS also ranked 1st on the Hire Power Awards list in the health industry and 2nd on Inc.'s list of top job creators in the State of California.
With PRIVATE PRACTICE+®, the innovative business model from PDS, clinicians have true autonomy --plus benefit from a support structure that is second to none. Every PDS-supported clinician has the autonomy to lead their team in Clinical Excellence, while the PDS business management team handles the administrative duties. PDS handles the business support services so clinicians can focus on what they love: dentistry.
Company Contact Information:
Pacific Dental Services, Inc.
17000 Red Hill Avenue
Irvine, CA 92614
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Find Our Latest Video Reviews on YouTube!
If you want to stay on top of all of our video reviews of the latest tech, be sure to check out and subscribe to the Gear Live YouTube channel, hosted by Andru Edwards! It's free!
Thursday October 6, 2011 3:59 pm
Steve Jobs died peacefully, according to family
The family of former Apple chief executive Steve Jobs said that he died "peacefully" on Wednesday, surrounded by his family. A memorial Web site will be posted.
Jobs passed away at the age of 56. Jobs is survived by his wife Laurene and two children, as well as a daughter from a previous relationship.
On August 24, Jobs stepped down, stating that he could no longer meet his duties and expectations as Apple's chief executive. Jobs was diagnosed with and treated for a rare type of pancreatic cancer in 2004, but he said the 2009 absence was not a resurgence of that cancer. He took a medical leave of absence in January.
In a statement, Jobs' family said he died peacefully.
"Steve died peacefully today surrounded by his family.
"In his public life, Steve was known as a visionary; in his private life, he cherished his family. We are thankful to the many people who have shared their wishes and prayers during the last year of Steve's illness; a website will be provided for those who wish to offer tributes and memories.
"We are grateful for the support and kindness of those who share our feelings for Steve. We know many of you will mourn with us, and we ask that you respect our privacy during our time of grief."
Numerous members of the tech world chimed in with their own tributes, and Twitter was filled with condolences attached to the #RIPSteveJobs hashtag. Online, mourners began leaving notes on Facebook tribute pages as well as the Steve Jobs Day Facebook page.
Apple's board also released its own statement.
"We are deeply saddened to announce that Steve Jobs passed away today," the board said.
"Steve's brilliance, passion and energy were the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives. The world is immeasurably better because of Steve.
"His greatest love was for his wife, Laurene, and his family. Our hearts go out to them and to all who were touched by his extraordinary gifts.
John Lasseter, chief creative officer and Ed Catmull, president of Walt Disney and Pixar Animation Studios, released their own joint statement. Jobs was chief executive at Pixar, the digital anaimation house that gave the world Cars, The Incredibles and Toy Story, before it was acquired by Disney in 2006.
"Steve Jobs was an extraordinary visionary, our very dear friend and the guiding light of the Pixar family," Lasseter and Catmull said. "He saw the potential of what Pixar could be before the rest of us, and beyond what anyone ever imagined. Steve took a chance on us and believed in our crazy dream of making computer animated films; the one thing he always said was to simply 'make it great.' He is why Pixar turned out the way we did and his strength, integrity and love of life has made us all better people. He will forever be a part of Pixar's DNA. Our hearts go out to his wife Laurene and their children during this incredibly difficult time."
This article, written by Mark Hachman, originally appeared on PCMag.com and is republished on Gear Live with the permission of Ziff Davis, Inc.
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Giselle Puff Sleeve Blouse
Made of cotton-linen blend with a slight sheen.
Square neckline both front and back elastic ruffled details at sides of shoulders.
Features off shoulder details with elastic band at sides, with pleated sleeves.
Fully lined. Can be worn off or on shoulder.
Comes in lovely pastel shades of green and pink.
Subcribe to back in stock notification
Currently, we are only accepting payment through Mastercard, Visa, American Express and Paypal.
Alternative forms of payment will be offered in the future. Apologies for any inconvenience caused!
**For June, we are providing free delivery with no min. spending for local orders!**
Currently, we only offer local deliveries within Singapore. For our courier service, we are using J&T. J&T offers the following delivery option:
- Registered mail: $3 additional delivery charge. Orders will be dispatched within 1 working day after payment has been confirmed. Parcels should arrive between 2-3 working days upon dispatch. A tracking ID will be given.
For registered mail, tracking of the orders can be done through the J&T website:
Returns and Exchanges Conditions
There will be a 14 Days Return & Exchange Policy from the date of purchase based on the following conditions:
- Item is in original condition, un-damaged, unwashed and with the original packaging
- There will not be any cash refund on your returns and in exchange, we offer to credit you with a return coupon code that can be used for your next purchase within 14 Days.
- If any coupon code was used on the purchase of the item, the coupon code value will be forfeited against the value of the item purchase. Eg: using a $20 coupon on a $10 product will not leave you a $10 change back.
How do I make a Return/Exchange?
If your item is found to be defective, we will cover your postage back to us. If due to other reasons, you may Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and provide us with the following information:
- Your name and contact number
- Product Name
- Date of Purchase
- Price of the item and if there any coupon was used
- Reason for the return
- For returns/exchanges, you may either cover the postage to send the returned items to us, or drop by our retail outlets or warehouse. We highly recommend you to visit our retail stores for exchanges to allow our friendly staff to assist you! :)
Kindly allow us at least 3 working days to process your request.


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Joe Pantoliano interviews Dr. Dean Brooks, the former Superintendent of the Oregon State Hospital from 1955 to 1981. Brooks participated in the film One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest when the producers cast him as Dr. Spivey and shot the film at the hospital in Salem, Oregon during the mid-1970's. Brooks talks about how he started in psychiatry, became involved with the film, and what he learned about acting from Jack Nicholson.
No Kidding? Me Too! (NKM2), founded by Joe Pantoliano, is a non-profit organization who's main purpose is to stomp the stigma that surrounds brain disease.
Produced by Joe Pantoliano
Directed by Ben Churchill
One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest Used By Permission
©1975 The Saul Zaentz Company


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So it is that time of year again - papers full of reviews of the year, who has died, who has been born, best films etc etc. Also lots of lists of Books of the Year chosen by the Glitterati Litterati of which I have usually read none, or very few. Ah well it was ever thus....
I have already posted my two lists of Books of the Year and totting up, thanks to the glories of Typepad, it seems that this year I have read 205 books, of which 22 were non-fiction, so round about 10% which I feel needs to be uppped a bit though with non-fiction it is mainly quality not quantity I go for as I invest more reading time in each such book. Not saying that the fiction I have read is not quality but I have had some books through my blog which have not been as good as I feel they could have been.
I am wondering whether to rename this blog Random Crime as it seems that the bulk of my reading is in this genre. I have always loved detective novels, discovered Agatha Christie at aged 11 and that started me off. Ngaio Marsh was another early favourite and then in my teen years I read a lot of spy thrillers, Ian Fleming comes to mind (read Casino Royale all through an algebra lesson right under Mother Assumption's nose and she did not spot me) and lots of other 'caper' novels which abounded at that time. Trying to remember what else I read in my teens which shaped my later reading and a biography of Patrick Bronte started me off on my fascination with all things related to that family, took me off to Haworth and my obsession with their books and other Victorian reading was on its way. Had already started with an early read of David Copperfield and so glad that later on in life I read Mrs Gaskell, George Eliot and then, in my forties, discovered Anthony Trollope.
Anyway, enough wittering. I shall be posting about my Crime Reads in another post. This is mainly to say, once again, how much I have enjoyed posting here on Random for another year, how much I appreciate all your comments and also how very much I appreciate your kind words and wishes when I have been ill or sad or upset. It has been a year of mixed emotions for me. Started with the loss of a lovely uncle, my husband's uncle, who had stood by me and supported me through all the trauma of the breakdown of my marriage when the rest of his family cut me off; in April I lost my darling friend Sue to a cruel and vicious disease and then just last month another friend, Josephine, who I had also known, like Sue, for nearly thirty years. I have yet to really believe that these wonderful people have gone and it takes some getting used to.
But life throws up compensations and this year my darling second grandchild arrived, Beatrice, a sister for Florence and I feel such joy and happiness when I think of them both and realise that they will be in my life from now on, that I become quite overwhelmed and emotional. I find I tend to weep a lot these days and it is usually something happy that triggers if off so I am thankful for that.
Well, before I get too maudlin and shortcircuit my laptop by weeping all over the keyboard, I want to say to all of you that I send you lots of love and best wishes for 2013. You are all wonderful.
Happy New Year!


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首页 | To Survive in the Universe |
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"INHABITED SKY" – is a service, which the SKY-MAP.ORG authors provide in gratitude for the
assistance in the site's development and design. By "inhabiting" a star, you obtain control of this
star's page, on which you will be able to place your own personal or business information. Your information
becomes directly related to one of the stars, you can edit as the contents of a pop-up window (visible when
the mouse cursor points to stars), so the star's page that appears when you click on a star.
All the information, which you place on the site "INHABITED SKY", must satisfy the rules, outlined in "Rules and conditions".
If you have already had a star on INHABITED SKY, you can receive a photo of this star simply by using our system.
There are no photos available for some areas of the sky though. To make sure that a star has nice photos,
you can use the service "Astro Photo" . Our system allows you to put your star's photograph on either a
or a T-SHIRT.
We hope the object with the star's image and a memorable inscription can serve as a unique and beautiful gift.
"INHABITED SKY" and SKY-MAP.ORG are two different sites. Your "inhabited" star's page with your personal information will be located on the site "INHABITED SKY". The SKY-MAP.ORG site is a noncommercial popular science resource and the changes, made by you on the "INHABITED SKY" will not affect the information on SKY-MAP.ORG. Nevertheless, on the page of your adopted star on SKY-MAP.ORG you will see the special symbol which will be a link to the page with your personal information on "INHABITED SKY". Thus, everyone who visits your inhabited star's page on SKY-MAP.ORG not only does immediately see that this star has been already adopted by someone, but also is able to instantly go to your personalized page on "INHABITED SKY".
You can "inhabit" a brighter or less bright star depending on the size of your aid. The following table gives you an idea of which star and on what conditions you can "inhabit":
Contribution amount | Visual Magnitude * |
$5 US or more | 12 and higher |
$10 US or more | 9 and higher |
$25 US or more | 8 and higher |
$50 US or more | 7 and higher |
$100 US or more | 6 and higher |
$250 US or more | 5 and higher |
$500 US or more | Any available star * |
* Some of the bright stars are reserved
* The Visual Magnitude Scale
Magnitude | Object or Limit | |
−27 | the Sun | |
−20 | brightest meteors | |
−13 | Full Moon | |
−4 | Venus (brightest planet) | |
−1 | Sirius (brightest star) | |
+6 | naked-eye limit | |
+9 | binoculars limit | |
+13 | 8" backyard telescope limit | |
+18 | large telescope limit (visual) | |
+23 | large telescope limit (photograpic) | |
+27 | large telescope limit (CCD imaging) | |
+30 | Hubble Space Telescope limit |