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The Puppy Specialists
The Puppy Specialists
Our Blog
Our Blog
What's happening in our world...
What's happening in our world...
Welcome to Horsham Puppy School
Welcome to Horsham Puppy School
September 21, 2016
We've arrived! Our first Horsham Puppy School course starts tonight at St John's Church, Broadbridge Heath, Horsham. Our puppy classes are fun, family friendly and only use reward based methods (no force, no pain, no fear). We set you and your pup up for success so you can train your puppy in polite manners and build their confidence for real-world situations like going to the vets or meeting other dogs in the park. For more information please contact Hannah on 07830 238591 or e-mail [email protected]
Puppy Play - Pets Corner, Horsham
Puppy Play - Pets Corner, Horsham
May 6, 2017
Pets Corner Horsham offers a puppy hour in their store and I popped in this week to run the session. I'm always careful to select puppies I know will have the same energy levels and play style when running a play session. I want to ensure that all experiences are good so that I help to build confidence for the more shy puppies and teach the higher energy pups that they can also play calmly. I brought a few interactive toys including a snuffle mat, Kong Wobbler and Nina Ottosson puzzle feeder that all our pups had a try of and really enjoyed. Rather than have all the pups off at once, I just matched 3 players at a time (something we also practice in our Horsham puppy classes) which meant that the puppies could play and rest which is really important for them. It was great fun and all the puppies seemed to enjoy themselves. I'm really keen for puppy parents to get out and socialise their puppies as soon as their vet has given the OK and made sure that I gave a handout to let puppy parents see the different types of socialisation they can do. Playing with other dogs is only one aspect of a good socialisation program and bringing your pup out to the wide world and ensure positive experiences is vital. Please get in touch for more information on puppy socialisation and ideas to build your puppies confidence on 07830 238591 or e-mail me [email protected]
Horsham Puppy School meets Chirag Patel
Horsham Puppy School meets Chirag Patel
May 13 & 14, 2017
Horsham Puppy School has been at school themselves this week! I am a firm believer that, with dog training, you can never know enough. That's why I attend several courses a year to ensure my knowledge for my puppy training classes is the best it can be. When I'm working with your dog, I want you to be happy that I can offer the best advice that will be kind and effective. This weekend I was lucky enough to attend a seminar run by the internationally renowned trainer Chirag Patel. Over two days we learned lots of great techniques to get the best out of you and your puppy during our puppy classes. Training your dog is so much fun and all the games we worked through this weekend will certainly be making an appearance at my Horsham training class. For more information on Chirag Patel please check out his website http://www.domesticatedmanners.com/ If you'd like to see our puppy training classes for yourself please contact Hannah on 07830 238591 or [email protected]
Horsham Puppy School & Harley
Horsham Puppy School & Harley
June 3, 2017
Look at this gorgeous face! Harley, the black Labrador Retriever, is due to start my puppy training classes this month and his mum and dad just wanted a few pointers ahead of starting the course. I popped round to do a 1-2-1 session and see how he was settling in. Sarah and Steve have been doing an excellent job; Harley is being crate trained so that he has a safe and comfortable sleeping area and also has a puppy pen so that he can keep out of trouble if mum and dad need to leave the room. His only real vice was jumping on the sofa so we worked on preventing him by recalling him away and rewarding him to stop him practising the behaviour. Dogs learn through repetition so the more you can redirect puppies before they've had a chance to achieve the unwanted behaviour, the more likely that they will stop doing it. We also chatted through rewarding him for coming off the furniture; the aim is to make the floor a more valuable place where all the good stuff happens rather than the furniture. Sarah and Steve are going to buy Harley a new, soft bed and Harley can get all his comfortable seating arrangements from that.
Steve works from home - which is great for Harley - but he will need times where he stops playing with Harley and have to actually do his job. For these moments I recommended some interactive toys including a stuffed Kong and a snuffle mat so that Harley can have some fun on his own. If you've not seen or heard of a snuffle mat before, they are an excellent way of tapping in to your dog's naturally seeking instincts. You hide your dog's food in amongst the strands and they can snuffle out the food using their nose. It's so much fun for them and will give you a good few moments peace! Here's a link to a great snuffle mat website https://www.snufflemats.co.uk/
I'm really looking forward to seeing how Harley progresses over the next few weeks and I'm very excited to see him again in our classes starting 28th June 2017 (for booking information please contact me on [email protected]).
Hot, hot hot!
Hot, hot hot!
June 20, 2017
It's sweltering out there and your pooch is wearing a fur coat. So how can you keep them cool this Summer?
- A child's paddling pool is a great way to let your dog let off some steam. The water will cool and they will also have a great enrichment activity, especially if you throw a few chopped up carrots in for them to find.
- Cooling mats are a great buy. I'd recommend a mat for them to lay on over a vest or jacket. Jackets or vests can often trap heat once they start to cool and do not target areas where the dogs' skin is exposed. By laying on a cool surface, the skin on the belly and armpits makes contact and cools the blood. You can buy mats from Pets at Home or Amazon.
- Don't walk your dog during peak sunlight hours. A walk at dawn or dusk is the optimum time to ensure you don't put your dog at risk of heatstroke.
It goes without saying that you should never leave your dog in a hot car. Even if temperatures outside are in the mid 20s, temperatures in cars can be amplified to double even with the windows open and in the shade. If you see a dog in a hot car, please call 999 or 101 and inform the emergency services who will advise on the best course of action.
House Training & Recall
House Training & Recall
July 1, 2017
It's been a busy Saturday for Horsham Puppy School. I did a pre-class visit with 9 week old Bonnie who will be joining classes in August. Bonnie's mum just wanted some reassurance with settling Bonnie in to her new life (which she's doing brilliantly). We chatted about house training and our advice to successfully encouraging pups to toilet outside rather than inside. We always suggest giving your puppy regular opportunities to go to the toilet - every 1-2 hours if you can - and always after your pup has woken from a sleep, eaten a meal or when something exciting has happened (such as play or a visitor). When your puppy does go outside, ensure you really praise and reward well so they get the connection that toileting in the garden really makes wonderful things happen. Be prepared to also get up at night to offer the opportunity to toilet. Some puppies are vocal and will let you know that they need to go and some aren't quite so clear so setting an alarm for a midnight wee will keep house training on track. Accidents do happen, that's life. Don't punish your pup if they do go in the house, punishment will only create anxieties around toileting and only serve for them to find a more private and safe spot to go. Just put it down to experience, clear it up with a cleaner that will remove the ammonia smell (most vets sell good products) to avoid them heading back to the same spot and try again next time. I am really looking forward to catching up with Bonnie at classes next month and teaching her a whole set of additional life skills.
After I'd seen Bonnie I popped round to her new friend Ruby' house. Ruby is an adorable Cavapoo (Cavalier King Charles Spaniel x Poodle). Ruby's family have another dog, Kip, who they did training with a while ago but wanted a little refresher so they could work with Ruby. Their main focus was on recall as they live in a rural area and want to make sure that Ruby can recall around various distractions. I worked with the whole family to choose a recall word that will always me 'come to me and amazing things happen'. The trick with recall is for it to always mean something good and for it to continue to do so even in to adulthood. Rewarding a recall with food, play, cuddles or the chance to go and hang out with another dog will really cement the reliability around even high distractions. Ruby quickly learnt that heading to any member of her family secured some chicken or a bit of cheese and she even came away from me when I was trying to distract her with her toys. She's a really bright little spark and I know will continue to respond well as the training progresses. At the end of our session Kip popped out to say hello and I couldn't resist a cuddle and a quick photo opportunity.
I look forward to seeing Bonnie on our August course and hope to catch up with Ruby and Kip soon to further add to her repertoire of obedience.
July 22, 2017
I had the pleasure of meeting little Kira and her humans at the end of the month for a 1-2-1. The family hadn't had a dog before and wanted a bit of input so that they can get things going well from the outset. Kira is an adorable whippet with a soft nature and playful personality (in other words completely adorable!). We worked with Kira to encourage a good recall by using her dinner portion and tasty treats to reward her with just for coming in from the garden or the other room. Kira soon got the hang of it and was readily responding to the cues in no time.
We also went through all the treats she had to see what suited her sensitive stomach and took out the Dentasix. Dentasix are marketed as a teeth cleaner but did you know they are high in fat and sugar? Often dogs can put on lots of weight and unwitting owners don't realise that the Dentastix are the main culprits. We discussed products such as Plaque-off (http://www.plaqueoff.com/animal/Animal-Products.html) which is seaweed extract proven to lift plaque and encouraging chewing on things like carrot or Nylabones (http://www.nylabone.com/). Kira is teething at the moment so something to chew on will be a big relief for her.
Although Kira's family have never owned a dog before, they had already got off to a great start. Kira has been sleeping well in her crate and they are redirecting her play biting on to soft toys with understanding and not telling her off (which was brilliant!) as well as praising her for going to the toilet outside and ignoring any mistakes she may have in the house. As all the basics had been taken care of, we worked on some obedience tricks and taught Kira to lie down. Being a bendy whippet, Kira found it hard following the lure so, instead, we made a tunnel under our legs and encouraged her through. As she crawls through and her belly meets the ground, we rewarded Kira. I'm pleased to report that the family let me know that she is now offering a 'down' really reliably :)
Their last challenge was that Kira had suffered a broken leg early in her life so she was on limited exercise until it was all healed. Unfortunately, other dog owners were letting their dogs go up to Kira even though she was on a lead which was getting her excited and then frustrated that she couldn't play. We discussed getting a lead or jacket that says 'no dogs' just while she's recovering but allowing her to meet gentle, older dogs to ensure she is getting that all important socialisation.
So, we packed a lot in and it was great to see how naturally the family had taken to training and to understanding their new addition. I look forward to keeping up with her progress.
Ditch the Bowl!
Ditch the Bowl!
September 4, 2017
How many of you know what a snuffle mat is? Or a Kong Wobbler? How about a Licki mat? Well, they are all alternatives to feeding your dog in their dinner bowl and there are loads of other options too.
Feeding time is an great opportunity to offer a fun activity, a way to really get your dog thinking. Our dogs can spend a lot of time alone or asleep. They don't have a good book to read and can't pop on the TV to stave off the boredom so it's up to us provide the entertainment. Play is equally important to our dogs as it is to us (how many hobbies do you have?) and it's through games that we can offer the best enrichment activities.
I recently posted a few videos of my dog eating his dinner from a Kong Wobbler and Licki mat https://www.facebook.com/pg/horshampuppyschool/videos/?ref=page_internal and https://www.facebook.com/horshampuppyschool/?ref=bookmarks (I've even got one of the interactive feeder I use for my cats). He loves eating his dinner this way, he has fun (I join in cheer leader style each time he knocks some food out) and we build our relationship through fun. He uses his excellent brain to problem solve and is rewarded each time a piece of his dinner lands on the floor and he snaffles it up. His face lights up when I pop the toys down and release him, I can see how much enjoyment he gets out of playing with his food (yes, this is the time we can drop that silly rule!).
Ditching the bowl doesn't have to be expensive, there are plenty of excellent DIY style enrichment ideas. One I love is hide and seek. I hide my dog's food around the house - he patiently waits in another room so I know he can't see where I've been - and then I release him to hunt it out. This game not only is fun for him but it also reinforces his 'wait' and lets him use his nose and harnesses his natural seeking ability.
If you would like more ideas about ditching the bowl please chat to me and also check out this new Facebook page dedicated to keeping our dogs mentally stimulated, healthy and happy https://www.facebook.com/groups/canineenrichment/
Chews and chewing
Chews and chewing
October 8th, 2017
Dogs and pups need to chew. It's a very natural behaviour and provides an outlet for teething, stress and boredom. So, rather than your pup or dog chewing on your best coffee table I thought it might be a good idea to suggest a few things your dog will love to chew on :)
What we like
Natural Chews - in my classes I provide and sell natural beef hide chews. These are air dried beef hide and is a fantastic, tasty chew (always supervise your puppy and dog with any chews). It's got nothing nasty in it so you can be happy knowing your dog will only be eating what you provided.
Stag Bar/Antler - Again, this is a great natural product that provides a fantastic outlet for a good old chew. Not suitable for very young pups as they are very hard and can dislodge a tooth.
Nylabone - These are synthetic chews for dogs of all ages (ensure you buy the age appropriate chew). They do a range of products from plastic gnawing bones to edible chews http://www.nylabone.com/
Pizzle sticks/Bully sticks - these are...um...the unmentionable part of a bull. Again, a great natural chew that you can pick up from most pet shops. I like that all the animal gets used from the meat industry and this chew shows that there's no wastage.
Raw Bones - check out Nature's Menu range of bones that your dog will love. Tasty, natural and a great chew experience for puppy and dog https://www.naturesmenu.co.uk/raw-marrowbone (again, choose age appropriate products)
What we don't like
Raw hide - this is another by-product from the meat industry. However, raw hide is produced in a way that utilises glue, bleach and a range of chemicals to ensure they last forever. We don't recommend them due to the unnatural substances involved in their production and their tendency to cause blockages in the stomach where the natural digestive system struggles to breakdown the treated hide. Here's video showing the somewhat disturbing process of how they are made (warning this is quite graphic https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oc265q0ZRss )
Cooked bones - cooked bones are dangerous. They can splinter and damage the dogs soft palate and can also get lodged in the stomach and intestine, tearing and causing peritonitis as a result (which can be fatal). Stay away from cooked bones!!
No matter what chew you buy, always supervise your dog with them. If starting a puppy off on a chew, give them for no more than 20 minutes at a time while they get used to having something new in their diet. Never just remove a chew from your dog, always swap by offering other high value food to avoid resource guarding and ensuring your pup sees your approach as positive.
November 29th, 2017
It's something I hear a lot. Sweet little pup is jumping up or chewing on a shoe and its human's first response is 'NO!!'. It's quite a normal thing for us humans to say and respond to, we're conditioned differently, we get the linguistic nuances, but what does it mean to our pups? Puppy might stop chewing or jumping but what did it learn? It learnt that 1) My human can be scary 2)My human gives me attention when I chew or jump 3) I will do these things when the human is not around 4)Nothing!
'No' is quite a natural response for us humans but for our dogs it is not something they can understand in the same was as us, it's not an instruction. In order for it to be a deterrent it needs to be coupled with something bad (such as a lead jerk, loud scary voices eg. punishment) which we are totally against at Puppy School. So the only things your dog will be taking away from that experience will be either negative for them (you are scary) or negative for you (I get attention from you). It's easy to ignore your dog when they are doing the good things such as settling in their crate or chewing on appropriate things so, for some pups, they only get their human interaction when they do something undesirable - for these pup 'no!' becomes a way to get attention so they will continue to do all those things you are finding irritating! For other pups, they see you as going from lovely, kind human to a roaring monster which will only serve to degrade your relationship and chip away at the trust your dog has for you. Alternatively, pup might need to chew as it's teething or bored so they will just learn to do these behaviours away from you so they don't get shouted at. Lastly, if it's said often enough in lots of different situations without consequence then your pup will just desensitise and it becomes completely meaningless and useless - it won't get them to stop jumping or pulling on the lead.
So, what can you do to stop your pup destroying your entire shoe collection? Firstly, give them something else to do. Provide chews and toys that they can chew on, teach your pup to sit when they greet people to avoid jumping, remove anything you don't want them to have - set them up for success. If you've done all that and have a day where you were being human and can't get it right every time then you can use something called a 'positive interrupter'. These are words or noises you have conditioned to mean 'something good is going to happen'. My favourite positive interrupter is a kissy or clicky noise. I also use 'watch me' or 'what's this' which are equally brilliant. It's nice and simple to condition too:
- Make the noise you want to use then feed your pup a treat. Do this several times, make sure the treat (reinforcer) is a good, high value food such as meat or cheese (praise, cuddles and play can also be used in addition to the food).
- Make the noise and then wait to see if your pup looks at you; if they do, mark with a yes or use a clicker and reward with your nice treat
- Repeat and wait for a little more eye contact before feeding
- Start to use in different rooms, then outside, then to stop something happening such as rough play with dogs (a recall is also a good thing to use and is a positive interrupter)
Your challenge is to start staying more 'yes' and less 'no'!
Toxic Foods
Toxic Foods
February 3rd, 2018
I had a horrible scare last week with my dog and, now we're all fine, I felt it was important to share.
I walk my dog on a local beach most days, he loves splashing in the water and chasing a few birds which gives me an excellent chance to practice our recall. My dog is a 7 year old Golden Retriever. He's an ex-assistance dog and has a really high standard of training. I spend lots of time with him ensuring I maintain these standards and, for the most part, we do really well. However, last week, I'd just let him off lead and was playing a few games with him when his nose started twitching, he fixed a hard stare and, like a shot, he'd run off. I've trained him to respond to a whistle but no amount of calling, whistling, begging would bring him back. Now, my dog has been known to run off only for me to find him rolling in something disgusting super pleased with himself to be covered in his favourite cologne so I thought that perhaps I'd get to him and, worst case scenario, we'd be heading for a bath before work. However, when I finally caught up to him it was a lot more serious and not something a bath would remove...
For some reason that only the person responsible would understand, to my horror there was an enormous pile of spaghetti bolognese surrounded by bread dumped on the usually clean and well maintained beach. Even more worrying was that right next to it were 4 slabs (they were the size of breeze blocks!) of wedding cake complete with fat, juicy, alcohol soaked raisins. Scarier still was that there were large chunks of the cake missing and dog like teeth marks in the soft white icing. My heart sank, my anger soared "whowould leave such dangerous things on the beach???" My poor boy had caught the irresistible whiff of the Italian gourmet offering and even my meaty treats were no competition for which I cannot blame him. Then I realised that, sadly, some misguided soul thought that the birds would probably enjoy their left overs and had no idea that they'd laced this popular dog walking area with highly toxic dog food. Not only were there raisins and alcohol but onions and garlic, all dangerous in large enough quantities (and believe me, what was left there could have fed a family of 10).
So, I did the right thing, spoke to my vet and whisked my poor lad off to induce vomiting. It's a horrible experience, you feel like a terrible dog parent sending your friend off all pleased from feasting on pasta knowing a wave of nausea is about to make him feel really poorly :( but better that then risk renal failure. I'm pleased to say that within a few hours he was right as reign and had forgiven me. I'm more pleased to say that I ensured I avoided any long term health problems by not taking the 'just see how he goes' approach and sought the right veterinary advice and treatment.
All this leads me to ask, do you know what your dog can and can't eat? Are you aware that there are lots of human food that will cause some nasty health issues if not immediately but in the long term? Here's a list that I'd advise you to have a look at and ensure that your dog doesn't get hold of them:
If your dog does accidently get some, or some idiot leaves these things lying around on the beach, contact your vet immediately and follow their advice.
Stay safe x
How much exercise?
How much exercise?
April 2nd, 2018
Something that new puppy owners find a bit of a mine field is how much exercise to give their pup. It's a really important question and one I'm always grateful to hear asked in the classes. Unfortunately, I'm never able to give a simple figure as, with all these things, it depends on a lot of things.
It's really important not to over-exercise young pups. The reason for this is that they have growing, developing joints and heavy impact can cause trauma to the plates which may cause abnormalities and develop in to issues in later life. Heavy duty running, repetitive chasing of a ball and jumping can all be a potential risk to those growth plates.
To prevent problems, one bit of advice I hear repeated is that you should exercise your pup for '5 minutes for every month they are'. I find this advice problematic. The intention is good but it doesn't take in to account the type of breed or the type of exercise and this is really key when thinking about how much exercise to give your pup. 10-15 minutes exercise per day for a King Charles Spaniel may be fine but try living with an Hungarian Visla who's only been out for 15 minutes and you can see where the issues occur. Likewise, what if that Spaniel spent the entire 15 minutes frantically chasing a ball and jumping over logs on to hard surfaces?
For me, it's not so much about 'how much' but 'what type' of exercise that we should be focusing on. Exercise isn't all about running around and playing with other dogs or toys. Something I love is going for a 'sniff walk'. Take your pup out and let them sniff around, don't hurry them away, let them check out the environment and take in all the amazing information that's been left by the day's visitors. You can hide treats in the grass and play 'find it' and let your pup sniff out all the goodies. This is mentally stimulating and will tire your pup out even more so that physical activity. Exercise can be done on lead or long line and is a chance to build relationship and practice training. Going to the local park can be about working on focus and recall rather than feeling like you have to complete three circuits and get home before the 15 minute timer goes off. Practice the things you want your dog to do such as eye contact, loose lead walking and a bit of dog socialisation before heading home. If it's a long walk to the park on lots of concrete, consider driving to the park or to the woods where the surfaces are softer and less likely to cause impact trauma. Have a think about what sort of games your dog likes according to their breed; for the working types using scent games can be a brilliant way to get their brain working without them running around for an hour.
The other thing I think it important to consider is how much your pup is enjoying the exercise you are offering. I often have worried owners telling me that their pup won't leave the front gate and they can't get them out for a walk. The walk must provide the activity that your dog needs and wants. For dogs that are desperately trying to get back to the house and not out of the front gate, exercise should be about boosting confidence rather than feeling like you have to complete a route round the block. Head to the point your pup is comfortable at and play with their favourite toy. Let them process the sights and smells, work on coupling potentially scary traffic with something amazing like liver paste or meaty treats until they feel able to explore a little further.
How about a trip in to town? Socialisation is so important at their critical period of development and will give them lots of mental stimulation with a chance to encounter a multitude of sights and sounds. As long as this is done with lots of positive reinforcement and ensuring that your pup is comfortable, it's an excellent way to tire out a bouncy pup and give you a peaceful evening.
If you'd like more suggestions or have any questions around exercise, please drop me a line or chat to me at one of my classes.
Bring Your Dog to Work Day 2018
Bring Your Dog to Work Day 2018
June 20th, 2018
Can you persuade the boss to let you bring your dog to the office for the day? 22nd June 2018 is national Bring Your Dog to Work Day https://www.bringyourdogtoworkday.co.uk/ and you can get in on it. The aim of the day, as well as a bit of fun, is to raise money for some awesome charities including All Dogs Matter and Animal Asia which seeks to rescue animals from the meat trade.
As well as the charitable benefits, there can be a real up side to having your four legged friend accompany you to work. For them it's a chance for some enrichment and stimulation. Our dogs can spend a fair amount of time alone which can be a challenge for these social creatures so a day a week in the office can offer some variety to their weekly routine and positive change in environment. If they like people then there's ample cuddles and fuss available from all the staff looking to take a fur break. They get to hang out with their favourite person and a lunch time walk will offer new sniffs and new dogs to play with.
Then there's the benefit for you. Studies show that spending time with dogs lowers blood pressure and relieves stress - imagine having that on hand for a busy day. Less stress means better efficiency and productivity which is what business is all about isn't it? It also forces you to take a break from the computer and get outside during your lunch break as Fido will need to stretch his legs. There's a chance for you to recharge the batteries for a productive afternoon.
If your dog would find a change of environment hard or might find lots of people fussing them challenging then this isn't really for them but you can keep an eye on them while they are at home via cameras or apps such as Dog Monitor http://www.dogmonitorapp.com/ and employ a dog walker to break the day up and provide exercise and a toilet break (see our 'recommended' section for Horsham Dog Walkers).
Enjoy Bring Your Dog to Work Day 2018 we hope some of the information above helps sway the boss!
September 1st, 2018
There was some brilliant news this week in that the Environment Secretary, Michael Gove will follow Scotland and Wales' suit and ban electric shock collars in the UK https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-45320038
As a force free trainer, I hate the use of any punitive devices to 'train' our dogs. I cannot understand why some trainers still advocate their use and lead unsuspecting pet parents down the road of punishing their animals for natural behaviours. Sadly, there's been kick back from some trainers to the announcement of the shock collar ban which I find so sad and frustrating. We need to train our dogs with empathy and compassion and not with fear and pain. I saw Jamie Penrith on yet another programme advocating their use - he appears to be the only trainer willing to defend these barbaric devices on TV - and I was so saddened by his repeated claims that 'if used properly, they can be a really useful training aid'. This argument holds no water for me; if you are a decent trainer who understands your learning theory you will know that there is no place for these sort of 'training aids' (forgive all the sarcastic quotation marks but these devices really have nothing to do with training and everything to do with bullying and exacting pain until an animal is so beaten that they have no other option but to comply).
I think anyone reading this blog will agree that these devices deserve a ban and will be happy to see them go. But would you throw away your choke chain, half check or slip lead? Would you see that an anti-bark spray or collar would be just as dangerous as zapping your canine pal with electricity even if it emits a noise which the packaging on the device assures you is 'humane'? I consider these sorts of equipment to be aversive and none of them supports the animal with learning - instead they offer a punishment to a natural behaviour that humans find irritating.
Take the slip lead for example. They look fairly innocuous on the surface but think about how they actually work...your dog pulls forward so the noose slip around their neck tightens and applies pressure effectively restricting air flow and strangling the dog. This is a very unpleasant experience and not one I think any dog should have to endure. Sadly, I've even had a few puppies turn up to my classes in slip leads on their tiny, delicate necks. Luckily, I have awesome clients who changed them immediately when I let them know why we don't recommend them :)
So, what do we recommend? We first and foremost recommend training. Teaching your dog to walk nicely beside you will take any pressure off their neck and leave you without the need to feel you need to change something. Note that dogs are not 'naughty' they are just behaving like dogs. Barking isn't something we want to 'zap' or 'spray' them for but instead try and understand why they are doing it. We can only help to alleviate the problem if we understand why it's happening (frustration, fear, excitement etc.) and working with a qualified, force free trainer will support any changes you want to make with your dog.
But hey, we are all human and time poor and I can totally understand that it's not everyone's cup of tea to teach a perfect 'heel' around distractions. I'd guess 9 out of 10 dogs will pull towards the park (yeah, I totally made up that statistic but I'm sticking with it) and even with the best of intentions 9 out of 10 will be reinforced for pulling by achieving that magic moment of entry. At these times we can think about a harness.
There are loads out there on the market and, as you'd expect, some better than others. I would avoid anything marketed in a shop as 'non-pull' as it's likely to be aversive. The ones I've seen recently have a toggle at the back and the whole harness tightens around the chest and underbelly if the dog pulls :'( Likewise I tend to stay away from head collars as these can cause neck strain - some of these also tighten around the dog's muzzle and ears if there is tension on the lead (I saw a poor dog in some contraption the other day that involved cord circled round it's nose, ears and neck in one piece. Who thinks these things up?!)
So, to traverse the harness minefield I'd avoid anything with moving parts. If it slips, slides or tightens then your dog is going to be having a miserable time. Instead look for the words 'balance' and 'comfort'. My personal favourite are the Perfect Fit harnesses https://www.dog-games-shop.co.uk/perfect-fit-fleece-dog-harness.html. They are a fleece lined harness that have two D rings - one on the chest and one on the back. Used with a double ended lead, you can help the dog walk in balance beside you without them pulling your arms off! They can be on the pricey side but are long lasting, hard wearing and are washable. The fantastic thing about them is that they come in three parts and you can size each piece specifically to your dog's proportions. If you don't feel you can stretch to their prices then any double ring fleece harness would be my next go to such as these https://www.fleecedogharnesses.co.uk/shop/products/dog-harnesses/fleece-dog-harnesses/
As ever, I'm more than happy to chat about the best options to keep you and your hounds happy so please let me know if you have any questions.
How much will you do for free?
How much will you do for free?
September 25th, 2018
Something I am often asked is 'when can I take the treats out of training?'. It's a question I wince at and my heart drops a little when a well meaning puppy parent approaches me with it.
For some reason, owners are afraid of treats. Perhaps it's our link to them being a special item we give or receive as children; dogs and training are merely victims of semantics. Treats are occasional and reserved for when we've done something good, so are rewards. However, reinforcement should be constant and available to ensure that a behaviour you liked gets repeated.
I - and other dog trainers - use the analogy that, although we love our job, we probably wouldn't turn up every day if we didn't get paid. I think though, it goes even further than that. We are constantly being reinforced for what we do. Reinforcement comes in many forms; I like it when a puppy succeeds at a behaviour for the first time, I love it when I get sent a video of an awesome recall or lead walking, I love it when puppy parents stop to chat through issues and have a light bulb moment knowing how they are going to positively and constructively tackle the issue. I do also like getting paid for a job I love. If none of that happened then I probably wouldn't go to work and would quite quickly be looking for alternative things to do with my time.
I once had a (lovely) vet comment on how well behaved my dog was. He'd noted that his weight was ideal and that he was friendly and happy being handled. This was awesome for me (big reinforcement to get kudos from a vet) and I gave my dog some wonderful treats to reinforce all this loveliness while being examined. At the end of the exam, the vet turned to me and said 'of course, you'll want to move on so that he's just doing this for praise'. My knee jerk reaction was to say, "would you do a consultation just for a 'thank you'?" I wasn't expected to walk out of the consult and not hand over my debit card so why should my dog be expected to behave like a dream without receiving some really wonderful reinforcement for doing so?
If we want behaviours repeated (recalls, eye contact around other dogs, sits, spins, loose lead walking) then we need to communicate with our dogs when they are doing the things we want. One of the easiest ways to do this is by using food. It's small, quick and precise. However, there are also lots of other things we can use in addition (I stress in addition, not instead of). My dog loves to sniff so his reinforcement for a recall is an opportunity to go off and sniff. He also loves his ball and I've got some really strong behaviours just for one throw of the ball - see my videos on my Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/horshampuppyschool/videos/435506723545038/ The type of reinforcement you use will depend on what your dog likes. My dog doesn't like other dogs so if I asked him to do something for a chance to greet another dog I'd be punishing the behaviour I was asking for. Just like people, our dogs have personal likes and dislikes.
The main resistance to using 'treats' is a genuine desire to keep dogs within their ideal weight. I am totally on board with this and have seen some pretty severe issues with overweight dogs including heart disease, joint pain and diabetes. However, dogs have to eat and we control what we give them. Why not use a portion of their food to reinforce behaviours in low distraction environments? If you've read any of my blogs you know that I encourage owners to 'ditch-the-bowl' and using their food portion for training is such a great way to avoid a '5 second hoover and it's done' meal time experience. Take some of their meal out with you on exercise and reward recalls with it interspersed with some of the tastier things on offer.
Remember to give appropriate reinforcement for the job. If I recalled a social dog away from playing with other dogs and reinforced that with kibble, the likelihood of that behaviour being repeated is low. If I used a bit of hot dog and a chance to return to play I'd be more likely to see that dog choose to return to me the next time I ask. It's the difference in me paying you £1 and £100 (and a chance to go back later) to leave your mates in the pub to help me load my car with shopping, drive it home for me and unpack it. But I could reinforce a sit at a curb on my street with a piece of kibble or carrot as it's something that's easy and done often without a huge amount of effort from my dog.
There are so many things we can use use to reinforce and so many varieties of healthy foods we can give our dogs. Remember that the treat should be about pea sized, they don't need a huge amount of it for it to be reinforcing. There are loads of vegetables our dogs can eat (please see my blog on toxic foods to know which ones to avoid) that are low calorie and low sugar but can be high value. Experiment with your dog to see what their preference is and take out a variety with you so that you can reinforce appropriately. Take out toys if your dog likes them too so that you can have a great tug or chase game for choosing to focus on you over other dogs.
If you take the treats out of training you must offer a better reinforcer for continuation of behaviours. If not, be prepared for your dog to not be too fussed about doing things for you. Remember our dogs are not naughty, it's just a HUGE ask to expect a dog to do things just because you asked them. If in doubt think about the answer to this question: How much will you do for free?
No Pain, No Force, No Fear
No Pain, No Force, No Fear
January 26th, 2019
Don't believe everything you see on TV. Programmes such as 'The Dog Whisperer' or more recently Graeme Hall's 'Dog's Behaving (very) Badly' suggest dogs can be 'fixed' with a sharp yank on the lead or a poke to the rear. They present a 'naughty' dog 'misbehaving' and being 'disobedient' (sorry, by now any reader of these blogs know I love a sarcastic quotation mark) and by the end of their half hour progamme s/he's the perfect family dog walking on the lead and no longer causing the family any problems.
But what's really going on?
Take the example here of Toby, a Basset Hound that is stealing food, slippers and the family's possessions https://www.facebook.com/channel5uk/videos/dogs-behaving-very-badly-tuesday-at-8pm/346016975984382/ This clips shows him then resource guarding when the items are forcibly removed from him. However, the narration suggests that he's 'defying the establishment', is 'rebel without a cause' and is'pushing boundaries'. It notes that Toby is a rescue, I don't know his background as it doesn't go in to much more detail but his need to take items, steal food and then guard them simply won't have anything to do with trying to be defiant or stubborn and all to do with under stimulation, lack of positive input from his family and fear.
Programmes like this push dog training back years. Positive trainers such as myself and thousands of others breath a collective saddened sigh when we see non-science based training programmes aired on prime time television leading an unwitting audience to punitive ways of dealing with natural dog behaviours. But hey, it makes good TV no?
The misinformation is startling and the harm these programmes do is pervasive. Just today I saw a large man walking a small fluffy type that had dared to pull a little on the lead. It was met with a swift, sharp yank that of course stopped said fluff in it's tracks. It also caused a lip lick, whale eye, a shake off and a huge yawn all of which are signals that that little pup was very stressed by this seemingly standard way of dealing with a fairly inane inconvenience. So, the pulling stopped, the yank worked but what are the side effects? A fear of pain has now been instilled in this dog for pulling forwards. That fear will also have been extended to it's owner. Further still, if that yank happened when perhaps a car or dog went by, then this fear of pain could create an association with something seemingly unconnected. Next time a car drives by, we may see barking as the ball of fluff now thinks "go away car, last time you were near it hurt!". Sadly for this dog, the barking would probably be met with more yanking and so the cycle continues.
Rather than stopping behaviours, I'd encourage owners to think more about what they'd like to teach the dog instead. So, instead of trying to stop the dog pulling (yank yank) why not reinforce the moments where the lead is loose or where the dog offers eye contact. Praise the dog, feed a tasty treat and so quickly the pulling becomes less exciting and you become more interesting.
Yanking, poking and shouting is just stopping something in the moment, it's known as behaviour suppression. Suppressing behaviours uses the actual or the threat of pain to keep a dog in line with what we find acceptable. It won't stop the reason for the behaviour and it will most likely just see a temporary lull until it resurfaces usually with more vehemence.
I am clueless when it comes to keeping myself healthy; if I watched a TV show run by so called experts giving advice, I may be tempted to follow it - perhaps even if it encouraged me to stop eating and contort myself in to odd shapes. But perhaps if I delve deeper I find out that expert wasn't really qualified to give that advice but looked good in front of the camera; perhaps the people on the show lost loads of weight but are now having joint issues and have developed food allergies...
TV loves a quick fix, they've got a half hour slot and we like to see things nicely wrapped by the end of it but the realities of working with our fur friends is that quick fixes will only ever have punishment and pain at the root. We love our dogs; all the owners I work with adore their new addition to the family and would hate the idea that some of the methods they use are causing this level of stress in their dogs. Lets work with our dogs positively not punitively and endeavour to train with no pain, no force and no fear.
Set your dog's alarm a little earlier
Set your dog's alarm a little earlier
June 13th, 2019
It's been one of those mornings. The alarm went off but you hit snooze and promptly went back to that awesome dream involving Ryan Reynolds and some amazing sarcastic comments only to wake up with a start realising you now need to get through your morning routine like The Flash. There was no milk for your cereal and no butter for some toast so you had to settle for black coffee and a breakfast biscuit. It's OK though, the car started first time and, if it all comes together you should make it with a few minutes to spare. Then you see it, the sea of red lights through the windscreen wipers (it always rains on days where it doesn't go right) and you slow to a crawl then eventually a stop. You watch the minutes on the clock get nearer and nearer to the time you were supposed to be at your desk and yet this traffic refuses to move. It would be OK if you just knew why everyone had to sit here. You turn on the radio to see if there's perhaps a traffic update that would at least give you some explanation, but they are just chatting about inane celebrity programmes and you flick through to see if there might be something to distract you from the fact that you are going to be a no show for that important meeting. Your fingers drum the steering wheel, you rifle through your bag in case you stashed some food there (you didn't) and you feel that surge building in your stomach. Your jaw clamps, your teeth grind, you start sighing heavily each time you edge forward only to have to put the handbrake straight on again. Then you can take it anymore and you feel like you are going to explode. Instead you settle on shouting at the drivers trying to force their way in front of you and beeping on your horn hoping that just something will relive how frustrated you are feeling right now.
You're not a bad person, you're not an angry person but being prevented from doing the things that you normally do is hard to take. The feelings of frustration can be raw and very difficult to combat. So what does this have to do with dogs?
You take your new pup for socialisation at a local pet shop. They spend many happy hours un-obstructively playing with other pups; the format is that they are left playing while you chat about products or get to know other puppy parents in the area. You are feeling so pleased as you know socialisation is a super important thing to get right with pups (you are very right) and then you take your pup out to a café and they have to be on lead. There's a dog nearby but it's old and the owner says it doesn't want a pup coming over. Your pup is staring at the old dog and starts barking. You say 'shh', your pup is now pulling on the lead trying to get to the other dog. You say 'no' but your pup continues to bark and is now pulling quite hard. People start looking and you just want a hole to swallow you up. You don't bother ordering anything and slink back home and note that you should book more slots on that socialisation class.
From your pup's perspective: OMG other dogs are awesome!!! I get to play and run and chase and they chase me and it goes on and on until I'm too tired to do it anymore. I LOVE IT!! I love my parents they take me to awesome places and we get to hang out…oh wait I spot a dog. DOGS ARE AWESOME, we get to run and chase and play for hours. Hang on. I can't get to that awesome dog over there as there's something stopping me. Let me try harder, if I put my weight in to it I'll probably get to where I want to go. Oh, no, that's not working, just feels uncomfortable now. I'll let my mum and dad know that actually what I want is to go and say hello to that awesome dog, they clearly don't know. Oh. They just shouted at me. But DOGS ARE AWESOME why can't I go and say hello, I've done that every other time I've been with a dog, this doesn't make sense. I really need to say hello. I don't like this at all. It's really hard. Oh, I'm being shouted at again. I don't understand! We're at home and I've been told I'm a naughty dog.
This is over simplistic I know, but it's something I see so much in class; dogs unable to cope in the presence of other dogs because the feelings of frustration become too much to cope with. It can be life limiting and if not addressed can turn in to reactivity around other dogs. Frustration makes you feel angry, angry can look and sound pretty scary.
What's the answer? Responsible Socialisation. I am really grateful that there are puppy parties and play dates but these events should also include time away from other dogs, activities with owners, toy play and learning to settle even when their best mate is next door. Left to just play all we do is build a strong association that dogs are amazing and people become less so. We want balance in our puppy's world and we want to equip them with the tools to enable them to cope when they can't get the things that they think they want.
In our classes, we have a heavy emphasis on toy play with owners. Building value in people will start to shift the balance so that people become the important aspect to our dogs' world. We want our dogs to be well socialised, we need them to meet a variety of dogs but we need those meetings to be constructive, to be educational eg. if you play like this then play will stop, if you play like this however, you get to play more; if you come away, you get to go back. Playing and training will give you tools to focus your dog even if they are around other dogs and will enable your dog to cope better.
I set my alarm 15 minutes earlier than I used; setting myself up for success means I avoid feeling frustrated. Set your dog's alarm a little earlier, help them cope.
Remove the labels to understand the problem
Remove the labels to understand the problem
September 24th, 2019
How would you describe your dog? Stubborn, lazy, wilful, naughty perhaps?
I've been seeing a wonderful family who had booked on to classes and needed a bit of help to settle their new bundle of fluff in. We did a few pre-course visits as this pup was finding the transition to her new home particularly difficult. Some of the behaviours that she was showing included biting clothes, arms and skirting boards as well as digging in the garden, eating stones, grass and mud. We did all the usual puppy stuff for the play biting and introduced games and management in the garden to help her feel differently about the environment but the behaviours didn't seem to improve. This pup's family were brilliant and followed each piece of advice and at each session we'd try a few more options to see if we could see some progress - there were some minor changes but overall she remained much the same.
Now, we could have stopped there and said well she's 'stubborn' or 'head strong' and you will need to 'put her in her place' and let her know these behaviours are unacceptable. However, that's not how we do things at Horsham Puppy School and instead of just assigning a 'difficult' label to her, we investigated.
Although 'normal' puppy behaviour, there was an urgency and a frustration to her chewing and digging. She chose to sleep on cool surfaces and was sensitive to touch. She would growl if you tried to move her away from the thing that she was intent on chewing despite having good natural hide chews and toys as alternatives. When we first met, she was doing 5 poos a day and they looked more like they'd been dropped by a dinosaur than a puppy. She was confident but easily spooked at novel objects. We went through information about her first few weeks with the breeder, what she was exposed to, how she was weaned, what food she came home on, how big the litter was. Every piece of information builds a picture about the puppy in front of us and helps to understand the root cause of the problem.
All my questions lead me down a path to understand more about her diet and perhaps see if she had something going on in her tummy – chewing, biting, sensitive handling, guarding, lack of focus and lots of big poos.
I'm very lucky in that I have a great friend and behaviourist that lets me pick her brains when I've hit a wall and we chatted over the 'microbiome'. Now, just like us, our pups have good and bad bacteria in their gut. If there's an imbalance it can have a huge effect on health and behaviour. If you want to geek up (of course you do!) then here's a link to a great article all about it https://www.dogsnaturallymagazine.com/dysbiosis-in-dogs-causes/ So, we introduced a probiotic as a starting point and the result was remarkable.
This puppy slept better, ate better, focused better, stopped eating things in the garden, played gentler and stopped eating grass and mud on a walk. "And the poo" I hear you cry!! Well we've gone from 5 to 2 and in much more expected portions :'D
My take away from this is that if we'd just labelled her as 'stubborn' or 'naughty' she could still be in a great deal of discomfort and continuing the behaviours that were giving her relief.
Next time you go to label your dog, please stop a moment and ask yourself 'why?'. Why are they being 'naughty'; why are they being 'stubborn'; why are they 'attention seeking'?
Labels stop us seeing the reason behind behaviours. If we label, we stop looking.
NOTE: If you have any health concerns with your puppy, always seek veterinary advice


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Roman coin find in Orkney thrills archaeologists
Archaeologists are thrilled by the discovery of a Roman coin during the excavation of an archaeological site in Orkney.
Posted by
18th July 2017ce
Comments (4)
"Archaeologists said the works of classical writers suggested the Romans were aware of Orkney, with the writers even making claims of an invasion, although archaeologists and historians believe this to have been unlikely."
Pytheas sailed around Orkney in 325BC and called the islands the "Orcas".
Pomponius Mela referred to them as the "Orcades" in the 1st Century AD.
Orosius wrote that representatives of the King of Orkney travelled South to Southern England to meet Emperor Claudius in 43AD in a diplomatic effort to avoid war. Tacitus in his "Agricola" referred to Agricola sending his fleet round the tip of Britain to try and complete the victory over the Northern Picts after Mons Graupius in AD 84 and that Agricola's fleet "discovered and subjugated the Orcades hitherto unknown". Ptolemy in around 140AD referred to Orkas off the Northern tip of Britain. He even gave the number of islands. On this voyage he mentions that North of the Orcades they sighted Thule - which some people take to be Shetland and the Ultima Thule of the Greeks.
Roman amphora from pre-60AD found in Orkney and Shetland. Roman trade goods found in Orkney, Shetland and across the Hebrides. There is little doubt the Romans (and some before them) were aware of the Orkneys, Shetland and Scotland's Northern Isles and Hebrides.
The question of invasion... nah... mibbe... cannae see the point... probably just stopped the fleet off to top up their water and trade some wine for Walrus Ivory.
Posted by
Howburn Digger
18th July 2017ce
And loads of coins in the Uists!
Posted by
18th July 2017ce
It doesn't have to have been dropped by a Roman though, does it? I mean I've got coins on the mantelpiece from Holland, Hungary, Denmark. It might be something picked up by a trader wherever in the empire and dropped accidentally or given to somebody there as an Interesting Thing?
Posted by
18th July 2017ce
Oh yes! Interesting things! There have been many instances of Roman Coins found in much later Anglo Saxon graves down in England. The bullion value of a gold or silver coin traded was recognised for a far longer period than Antoninus or Alexander or whoever's face was punched into them.
The re-use of interesting things Roman is regularly found in Scotland. Although not always coinage... just about anything really... a number of the cists in the cemetery at Parkview close by the City Bypass outside Edinburgh are constructed from re-used roman voussoirs (wedge-shaped dressed masonry used to build arches) which were robbed from the Roman Bath House close tp Elginhaugh Bridge at Dalkeith.
The roof of the soutterain at Crichton has the Pegasus emblem of the Legio II Augusta carved into it. The rest of the magnificent soutterain is constructed of dozens of pieces of crisply dressed Roman Stonework robbed from a military post near Pathhead.
Back to the metalwork... the massive precious metal hoard found at Traprain Law was of gorgeous and elaborate Roman workmanship. Wrought Silver and gilded goblets, jugs, cutlery, ewers etc. All chopped up into strips as bullion!
Posted by
Howburn Digger
24th July 2017ce
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HABN Wind Tower 2
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Ten Thoughts: Friday, April 22
Tommy Doyle and Virginia picked up a huge win over Miami, highlighting an exciting Friday that also featured a magical Arkansas performance and much more.
Stat Roundup: April 22 Top Performers
Cody Sedlock struck out 14 over 10 2/3 masterful innings for Illinois, headlining Friday's individual leaderboard.
Ten Thoughts: Friday, April 8
Ryan Moseley and Texas Tech continued their impressive ways, and are one of several teams we highlight in our Friday national roundup.
Teams On The Upswing: April 4
Stephen Smith is red-hot and Texas Tech is on a tear in Big 12 Conference play. Find out who else boosted their stock this weekend.
Stat Roundup: April 1 Top Performers
Dakota Hudson struck out a career-high 11 in a complete game against Ole Miss, earning him a prominent spot on the Friday leaderboard.
Top 10 Prospect Matchups: Week Seven
A showdown between Vanderbilt's Jordan Sheffield and South Carolina's Clarke Schmidt highlights an impressive crop of prospect matchups this weekend.
Week 4 Power Rankings: Starting Pitcher
Louisville's Brendan McKay vaulted to the top of our starting pitcher power rankings after four weeks based upon his brilliant 2016 performance, his track record and his talent.
Top 10 Prospect Matchups: Week Four
Dakota Hudson and Mississippi State will take on the pitching rich Oregon Ducks this weekend, as we look at some of this weekend's best prospect showdowns.
Under The Radar: Fresno State
Time has passed since winning a national title, and though Mike Batesole's program has gone through tough times, Jimmy Lambert and Co., might just be back.
2016 Conference Previews: Mountain West
San Diego State has celebrated Mountain West tournament championships in each of the last three years, but New Mexico, Fresno State and Nevada are worthy challengers in 2016.
Top 100 College Prospects For 2017
Oregon State slugger K.J. Harrison ranks as one of college baseball's best prospects for the 2017 draft in our early look at that talent-rich class.
Cape Cod Top Prospects: 2017 Draft Class
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Beer, Beer, Beer
FREE Beer, Beer, Beer Sheet Music!
Beer, Beer, Beer is an Irish drinking song made famous by the Clancy Brothers. As you may have guessed, the theme of Beer, Beer, Beer is…beer. This song speaks of a fictional character by the name of Charlie Mops who is attributed with inventing beer. The songs is used as a tribute to the beverage and its inebriating qualities. We will always sing and praise the great Charlie Mops for his great contribution to humanity: Beer, Beer, Beer!
Beer, Beer, Beer Lyrics
Beer, beer, beer, tiddly, beer, beer, beer.
A long time ago, way back in history,
When all there was to drink was nothin' but cups of tea.
Along came a man by the name of Charlie Mops,
And he invented a wonderful drink, and he made it out of hops. Hey!
He must have been an admiral, a sultan or a king,
And to his praises we shall always sing.
Look what he has done for us he's filled us up with cheer!
Lord bless Charlie Mops, the man who invented beer, beer, beer.
Tiddly, beer, beer, beer.
The Curtis bar, the James' Pub, the Hole in the Wall as well.
One thing you can be sure of, it's Charlie's beer they sell.
So all ye lads an' lasses at eleven o'clock ye stop.
For five short seconds, remember Charlie Mops. 1 2 3 4 5 Hey!
A barrel of malt, a bushel of hops, you stir it around with a stick.
The kind of lubrication to make your engine tick.
Forty pints of wallop a day will keep away the quacks.
Its only eight pence hapenny and one and six in tax. 1 2 3 4 5 Hey!
The Lord bless Charlie Mops!


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Voltage-gated ion channels regulate the electric activity of excitable tissues, such as the heart and brain. Therefore, treatment for conditions of disturbed excitability is often based on drugs that target ion channels. In this study of a voltage-gated K channel, we propose what we believe to be a novel pharmacological mechanism for how to regulate channel activity. Charged lipophilic substances can tune channel opening, and consequently excitability, by an electrostatic interaction with the channels voltage sensors. The direction of the effect depends on the charge of the substance. This was shown by three compounds sharing an arachiclonyl backbone but bearing different charge: arachidonic acid, methyl arachidonate, and arachidonyl amine. Computer simulations of membrane excitability showed that small changes in the voltage dependence of Na and K channels have prominent impact on excitability and the tendency for repetitive firing. For instance, a shift in the voltage dependence of a K channel with -5 or +5 mV corresponds to a threefold increase or decrease in K channel density, respectively. We suggest that electrostatic tuning of ion channel activity constitutes a novel and powerful pharmacological approach with which to affect cellular excitability.
Original Publication: Sara Börjesson, Teija Parkkari, Sven Hammarström and Fredrik Elinder, Electrostatic Tuning of Cellular Excitability, 2010, BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, (98), 3, 396-403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2009.10.026 Copyright: Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam http://www.elsevier.com/
Voltage-gated ion channels play fundamental roles in neuronal excitability and therefore dysfunctional channels can cause disease. Epilepsy is such a disease, affecting about 1% of the population and being characterized by synchronous electric activity of large groups of neurons leading to various types of seizures. In this thesis, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were used as key substances to study a new pharmacological mechanism for how to induce opening of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels, and how this possibly can protect against epileptic activity. All experiments were performed on cloned Shaker Kv channels expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Channel activity was recorded with the electrophysiological two-electrode voltage clamp technique.
First we showed that both PUFAs and cerebrospinal fluid from children on the ketogenic diet open the Shaker Kv channel by shifting the channel voltage dependence towards more negative voltages, as we would expect for an antiepileptic effect. By testing fatty acids and related compounds with different properties and under different conditions we identified the critical structural components needed for the beneficial effect: a flexible cis-polyunsaturated lipid tail in combination with a negatively charged carboxyl head group. If substituting the negative charge for a positive amine group, channel opening was instead impeded. By mutating and modifying the channel at strategic positions the PUFA-action site was localized to a lipid-exposed surface close to the channel's voltage sensor. We also showed that PUFAs induce channel opening by electrostatically facilitating a final voltage-sensor movement. The PUFA efficiency is dependent on the channel's profile of charged residues in the outer end of the voltage sensor. This implies channel-specific effects. Finally, computer simulations demonstrated that small changes in channel voltage dependence can have dramatic effects on cellular excitability.
Both the identified PUFA-action site and the mechanism by which PUFAs induce channel opening are novel and could potentially be very useful in future drug design of compounds targeting neuronal and cardiac excitability. Our work also suggests that PUFA-induced Kv channel opening could be one important component in the ketogenic diet used as alternative epilepsy treatment.


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Enjoy a spectacular sunset at San Francisco Bay as you sail the Pacific Ocean- the best way to spend a romantic evening!
San Francisco Sunset Boat Ride
We'll meet at Pier 39, near San Francisco's famous sea lions. As night begins to fall, we'll board a boat that will sail us off into the sunset.
We'll sail for an hour and a half as you enjoy incredible views of San Francisco from the deck, such as the glow of the Golden Gate Bridge reflecting the sunset. Onboard there'll be a bar and snacks available, so you can relax and admire the city's skyline as you taste Californian wine, beer or soda in comfortable seats.
The tour ends back at Pier 39.
If you'd prefer to do this tour during the day or would like to see more of Alcatraz Island, you can also book the San Francisco Bay Cruise.
|Per person
Per personUS$ 60
More Information
1 hour 30 minutes.
The tour includes audio commentary in English.
Boat cruise.
Two drinks per person (wine, beer or soda).
When to book?
Book as soon as possible to guarantee availability, especially during public holidays and festivities.
You can book up to 2 days before (San Francisco local time) if there are still places available.
Once your booking has been confirmed, you will receive an email containing your booking voucher. Please print it out or download on your smartphone/tablet to show on the day of the activity.
Frequently asked questions
Q - How to book?
A - To reserve the activity, choose the date and complete the form on this page. You will receive your confirmation immediately.
If you still have more questions, check out our section on frequently asked questions. If you need help to book an activity or have any enquiries, please contact us.
Meeting point
Pier 39, Gate J.


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The School of Music invites all university students to participate in its ensembles. Some ensembles have open enrollment (no audition required) and...
... you don't have to be a music major to be involved!
Our ensembles include large bands, orchestras, jazz bands and combos, and choirs at every level of ability. There are also a number of smaller chamber opportunities for vocalists, instrumentalists and composers. In addition to the Ohio State Marching band, which is open to brass and percussion musicians by audition, the athletic bands have open enrollment and welcome woodwind players. Whether you are an experienced performer or a hobbyist, we have a group for you!
Most ensembles have variable credit hours between .5 and 2, which allows you to participate without exceeding 18 hours per semester.
Download Ensemble courses offered [pdf]
Audition Information
Auditions for most ensembles are held during the first week of autumn semester classes; some, the days before classes begin. Rehearsals begin the following week.
For information about our ensembles, browse the links below.
- Orchestral ensembles
- Choral ensembles
- Bands
- Jazz
- Opera & Lyric Theatre
- Marching and Athletic Bands
- Small Ensembles
Open Enrollment
The School of Music also offers several ensembles that do not require an audition. Browse the ensemble links to discover opportunities such as University Band, Community Orchestra and others. (NOTE: auditions are required for University Chorus). Questions? Contact the ensemble director, attend the first class or consult with your academic advisor regarding scheduling.
[pdf] — Some links on this page are to PDF files requiring Adobe Reader. If you need them in a more accessible format, please contact us.


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These definitions define the terms used throughout current and future policy published by the Workforce Services Division of Iowa Workforce Development. Various sources were used in compiling this list depending on the scope of the definition or applicable program. For clarification or questions, please email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Policy Date:
November 13, 2019
Policy File:


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Milla Jovovich will appear on the new cover of Elle Ukraine, which will appear in July.
Studio Photoshoots > Behind the Scenes > Elle (Ukraine) – July 2013 – Behind the scenes
Milla Jovovich will appear on the new cover of Elle Ukraine, which will appear in July.
On the Internet appeared photos with a photo shoot for Vogue Turkey in HQ. I added 10 images to our gallery.
And magazine scans:
Milla Jovovich poses bare with just her manic laugh for Vogue Turkey's May 2013 music issue.Milla is just sporting a black beret to top her messy bed hair and a pair of sparkling bangles with her initials on them.
This cover photo of Milla was photographed by Sebastian Faena.
And I have added in the gallery 2 MQ photos from photo shoots.Enjoy!
With the Manhattan skyline rising behind her, Ukranian model Milla Jovovich models 66 key looks for Spring/Summer 2013 in the magazine's New York special, set to hit newsstands January 23.
Milla Jovovich covers the magazine's New York special for February, shot against the Manhatten skyline by Inez & Vinoodh in Saint Laurent by Hedi Slimane. It's an issue that takes the pulse of the city that never sleeps to bring us the latest stateside trends for 2013.
Milla is cover of Greece – Cosmopolitan January 2013 and have been updated the most of magazines.Check in our gallery.
and twitter photos (facebook) from december 15
Here is 5 images from Jack (Italy) – December magazine .
Previously, were available the photos behind the scenes . In the gallery are available 3 images from photo session and a single scan.
On if violence in movies leads to violence in real life: "I mean, this is America, man. Lots of violent movies come out in lots of different places, but where do people pull out guns? Not in Canada, not in Germany, not in France, not in England… in America. It's not the fact that Canadians don't allow violent movies….but they don't have access [to weapons] like we do."
On religion: "I teach my daughter that God is everywhere. It's all the same. It's just different cultures give it a different name."
On young girls getting plastic surgery: "I don't get young, beautiful girls getting lip injections and fillers. It's really bizarre, you know? It's so sad because you want to ask them what they actually see when they look in the mirror? That's the saddest part. They probably see something monstrous."


text: U.S. District Judge Busteed took side with a black man on a train during a dispute between the black man and the conductor. The conductor ordered the black man to exit the ladies car when Judge Busteed drew a pistol in defense of the black man and told him not to go. The two men then gathered twenty blacks and took over the car until two white Republicans convinced them to stand down. Busteed was a strong unionist who had at first supported Douglas in the 1860 Presidential race but became a strong supported of Lincoln after the events at Fort Sumter. Judge Busteed angered many Southerners with his progressive politics. His father had been a vocal supporter of abolitionism in his newspaper The True Patriot', where Busteed worked for his father as a youth. Busteed later moved to New York to help on another paper. Initially a licensed preacher in New York, he studied law and was admitted to the New York bar and by 1862 Lincoln appointed him as Brigadier general of New York volunteers. Upon completion of his commission, Lincoln nominated him, and the Senate unanimously confirmed him, as U.S. District Judge for Alabama.


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Rate This MovieSYNOPSIS: From dawn to dusk, a few hours in the life of Monsieur Oscar, a shadowy character who journeys from one life to the next. He is, in turn, captain of industry, assassin, beggar, monster, family man… REVIEW:Read More »
Home | Tag Archives: Michel Piccoli
Tag Archives: Michel Piccoli
Film Review: Danger: Diabolik (1968)
Rate This Movie SYNOPSIS: "In a generic European country of the late sixties, Diabolik is an anti-hero whose life consists on preparing schemes to steal government money and make a fool of the entire police department. Helped by his gorgeous girlfriend Eva, Diabolik begins by stealing a few dollars, but his duel of wit and audacity with police inspector Ginko …Read More »


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Hello, my name is David D. Pollack, Broker Sales Associate With The Agent Pollack Team At Liberty Realty(Office line 201-683-9175). I have been in the real estate business for over 20 years. It is very important to me to be on the same page at all times with my customers. Please feel free to give me a call if you have any questions at all. I look forward to speaking with you.
Take Care,
David D. Pollack
One Month Broker Fee
Unless Listed As Fee Paid.
You must see this brick four family building with old world charm!
Located on a beautiful tree lined street in a ideal location.
Steps to shops, bus, ferry and path train.
Large lot (21.5x100).
This four family is ready for your renovations. Can be used as a rental building or converted to a condo building, single or two family home.


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In my last blog post, I asked you to look up the eight cities named in Luke 10. I also asked you to look up the classes of people and the customs we encountered in the chapter. One thing I neglected to mention, however, is that not all of the information we gather during the observation phase of the inductive method will end up providing insight into our studies.
Even so, we should not limit ourselves to looking up what we think might be relevant. The observation phase is much like a brainstorming session in which no idea is too off-the-wall to consider. As you learn the inductive method, get into the habit of asking lots of questions, and look up everything you can. The knowledge you gain might not yield fruit immediately—in this case as we study the Parable of the Good Samaritan—but it will eventually provide you a depth of background knowledge that will come in handy as you dig into God's Word.
Today I'll mention what I learned about three of the eight cities, leaving the remaining cities, as well as the people and customs, for future posts. Here is some of what I learned:
Condemned by Christ
Bethsaida and Chorazin were small towns or villages on the northern side of the Sea of Galilee. Capernaum, also on the north side of the lake, was significantly more important. The population of all three was predominantly Jewish.
The first two towns are mentioned only twice in Scripture. In addition to the passage in Luke, Matthew's gospel (Matthew 11:21-24) quotes Jesus condemning them in similar wording to Luke's quote, although without any connection to the Parable of the Good Samaritan, which appears only in Luke. Capernaum is also mentioned in this passage.
Bethsaida, which means "house of fishing" or "house of hunting," was the home of Andrew and Peter as well as the disciple Phillip (John 1:44). Scholars believe the area surrounding Bethsaida may have been the site of the feeding of the 5,000. Chorazin, which was surely close to Bethsaida, remains a bit of a mystery to biblical historians. Even its precise location is in doubt.
The larger Capernaum, though not of the magnitude of Jerusalem, was important enough to be home to a "royal official" (John 4:46), whose sick son Jesus healed. It is worth noting that before Jesus told the official that his son would live, he condemned the people of the city, pointing out that they would not believe in Him unless they first saw signs and wonders. This condemnation matches the condemnation in Luke 10.
Home to Miracles
Capernaum, in fact, was home to a multitude of miracles, including Christ healing Peter's mother-in-law (Luke 7:1-10), healing the centurion's servant (Luke 4:38-39), and raising Jairus from the dead (Luke 8:40-56). There are others that could be listed, but the point is, Capernaum saw more than its share of miracles.
Jesus seems to have regarded Capernaum as His "own town" (Matthew 4:13; 9:1). The family of Zebedee, the father of James and John, were residents. Peter, whose home was Bethsaida, also had a home in Capernaum. And Matthew collected taxes there, perhaps because of the city's location along a trade route leading north out of Galilee.
In contrast to these three relatively unimportant towns of Galilee are the other five cities mentioned in Luke 10. To give them justice, we'll leave them to our next blog post.
I'll close with a note about a difference between using a concordance and a Bible encyclopedia to look up people and place names, among other entries. A concordance, particularly an exhaustive concordance, will provide you with every reference to a word. It will not provide any additional information. A Bible encyclopedia, such as the Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, will give you background information, citing relevant passages that support its conclusions. It's the difference between using a shotgun and a rifle.


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I spend a lot of time contemplating things. I could blame it on being a writer, but sometimes I will get lost in thought about what happened at dinner last night or that conversation I had with my son on Sunday. I think I woke up in the middle of the night about that one. I honestly thought maybe I'd expressed my opinion too strongly for my fourteen-year-old, so I texted him the next day to make sure he was okay. Of course, his response was, "I actually kinda enjoyed that conversation, it was fun."
It's amazing how the more you contemplate something, the more it changes or becomes something else. I'd convinced myself that he was scarred for life!
I think this is also true for life in general. If you just take a deep breath and stop thinking so much about it and dwelling on it, it will most likely pass and you'll feel better. That isn't always the case, but I think it's a good general rule.
I have gained some weight in the last two years, but for some reason, in the last two months, I was convinced I was going to break the scale if I stood on it. Having received my brand new elliptical last week, I made it a point to check my weight so I could track my progress going forward. It honestly wasn't as bad as I'd convinced myself it would be. Do I need to lose some pounds? Hell yes! But I definitely don't need to spend time contemplating it and telling myself over and over again how awful I look. Why are we so mean to ourselves?
The good news is that I can make the change. I've exercised two nights in a row now and I feel better than I've felt in a long time!
Just Jot It January is hosted by Linda G. Hill. Today's word, contemplation, was suggested to us Cheryl at The Bag Lady.


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Duration: 4 years.
Value of Studentship: Approx. €18,000 per annum (plus fees). Tax-exempt.
The successful applicant will investigate the following:
In addition, the successful candidate will:
The possession of a full clean driving licence is desirable.
For informal discussion contact:
Dr. Ken Byrne (k.byrne [at] ucc.ie) or Prof. Ger Kiely (g.kiely [at] ucc.ie).
Candidates should submit a letter outlining their suitability for the position and a full curriculum vitae, to include the names, addresses and emails of three referees, to:
Dr. Ken Byrne,
Centre for Hydrology,
Micrometeorology and Climate Change,
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
University College Cork,
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
This position is funded by the Irish Council for Forest Research and Development (COFORD)
Follow the links below for more details and application contacts.
Further information on the research activities of the Centre is available at: PhD Studentship, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
More: PhD Scholarships for Students » International Engineering Grants » University Scholarship


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Chicago Deck Building Codes
Building a deck requires careful planning and preparation. Regardless of the material you use, you need to be aware that Chigago has strict guidelines for building any outdoor structure including decks. The process of obtaining a permit for any project can be a hassle. It can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months to obtain all the necessary permits from each agency, depending on the type and location of the project.
Click Here to Visit the Official City of Chicago Building Code Online Requirements Website
Deck Building Tips
Here are some deck building tips that will help keep you safe when building a deck. Always unplug or remove the battery from power tools when they're not in use and always keep away from water. This is especially important if there are children near the job site. Using protective eyewear when cutting deck boards is also recommended at all times.


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Prog 165's (1980) one-off futuregraph The 7 Wonders of the Galaxy[1] No. 4: The Hanging Prisons of Sin-Sin by Kevin O'Neill v the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, and Sing Sing Correctional Facility, New York
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon are traditionally thought to have been created in the city of Babylon in Mesopotamia (near Hillah in present-day Iraq) by Neo-Babylonian[2] King Nebuchadnezzar II (c. 605 BC–c. 562 BC), and have been described as a spectacular, ascending series of lush, tiered gardens constructed for his wife, Amuhia (or "Amytis", c. 630–565 BC), to assuage her homesickness for native Medea (in present-day Iran). Some scholars place the actual site of the Hanging Gardens at Ninevah in northern Iraq, which would have, at the time, made them the property of the Babylonians' neighbours and foes the Assyrians, and as such the brainchild of King Sennacherib (reigning 704–681 BC); the two sites having perhaps been confused in the mists of legend.
Sing Sing maximum security prison, however, is very much under the purview of the New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision, and very certainly located in village of Ossining[3], about 48 km (30 miles) north of New York City on the east bank of the Hudson River. The prison has been in operation under one name or another since 1828, houses 2,000 inmates, and despite a brutal history is considered to be a model prison, due in part to its progressive educational and sports programs, and by whose standard other US correctional facilities are measured.[4]
- Referring to the Seven Wonders of the Classical World: the Great Pyramid at Giza (Egypt), the Hanging Gardens of Babylon (Mesopotamia, modern Iraq), the Statue of Zeus at Olympia (Greece), the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus (Ancient Greek, located in modern Turkey), the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Ancient Greek, located in modern Turkey), the Colossus of Rhodes (Rhodes, Greece) and the Lighthouse of Alexandria (Egypt)
- "Neo-" referring to the Second Babylonian Empire (626 BC–539 BC), as distinct from the First Babylonian Empire (or "Dynasty", 1895 BC–539 BC) founded by King Hammurabi (c. 1810 BC–c. 1750 BC)
- Both the village and the name of the prison are derived from the name of the Native American "Sinck Sinck" or "Sint Sinck" (Eastern Algonquian, lit. "stone upon stone"), a Wappinger tribe from New York and Connecticut, from whom the land was purchased in 1685
- Not, all things considered, a particularly high bar


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Climate change replaces hunting as biggest threat to polar bearsMarch 20th, 2009 - 2:40 pm ICT by IANS
Oslo, March 20 (DPA) Climate change poses the main threat to the world's polar bear population, the world's five biggest polar bear nations have said.
Norway, Denmark/Greenland, Russia, the US and Canada all agreed in 1973 to sign an agreement protecting polar bears and their habitat.
But back then, hunting was regarded as the biggest threat to the bears.
However, global warming, which causes the Arctic sea ice to melt, is now considered to be the main threat to polar bears that raise their young and hunt for food off the sea ice.
Some researchers fear the world's polar bear population - estimated to between 20,000 and 25,000 animals - will shrink by a third within a few decades if the trend is not reversed.
"The meeting was a success from a Norwegian point of view. The countries have sent a clear message to the world that climate change is a serious threat to polar bears and the future of the polar bear hinges on containing climate change," Norwegian Environment Minister Erik Solheim said here Thursday.
Climate change can only be tackled within a larger international context, Solheim added.
The three-day meeting that ended Thursday was held in the northern Norwegian city of Tromso.
Although the five polar bear nations agreed in 1981 to extend the treaty indefinitely, they have not held regular meetings.
Participants at the Tromso meeting agreed to prepare national action plans to protect the polar bears and their habitat, and to coordinate research.
The respective national plans were to form the basis of a joint plan.
Other challenges to polar bears include impacts from human activity including shipping, and exploration for minerals or oil as the ice sheets melt as well as the impact from toxic substances.
The five-nation group agreed to meet again in 2011 in Canada, followed by a new meeting in Russia in 2013.
- Arctic sea ice to melt by 2015: Expert - Nov 10, 2011
- Polar bears at risk as melting ice is making them swim greater distances - Jan 26, 2011
- Polar bear's record 9-day continuous swim blamed on global warming - Jan 26, 2011
- Sea levels may rise much higher, says fossil study - Jul 16, 2012
- Disappearing ice altering ecosystem subtly - Apr 09, 2012
- Arctic fox, polar bear in endangered species list - Sep 14, 2010
- Polar bear births could plummet due to climate change - Feb 09, 2011
- Polar bears 'can be saved from extinction by emission cuts' - Dec 16, 2010
- Polar ice melt 'accelerating rapidly, raising sea level' - Mar 09, 2011
- Global warming may severely impact U.S. naval forces - Mar 13, 2011
- Climate change will trigger decline in polar bear population: Study - May 26, 2010
- Greenland ice loss can fill world's 11th largest lake - May 25, 2011
- Melting glaciers to contribute 12cm to world sea-level increases by 2100 - Jan 11, 2011
- Ten climate change "flagship" species named at Copenhagen summit - Dec 15, 2009
- Arctic fox joins polar bear on endangered species list - Sep 14, 2010
Tags: arctic sea ice, bear population, climate change, dpa, environment minister, erik solheim, global warming, hinges, international context, message to the world, minerals, nation group, new meeting, norwegian city, norwegian point, point of view, polar bear, polar bears, toxic substances, tromso


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Badges, alum. card holders, cake boxes
Alumunium at 30,5 x 61 cm Colors: White, Silver mat, Silver glossy, Silver brushed, Gold mat, Gold glossy, Gold brushed, Copper We also have special wooden frames at mahogany and natural
Alumiumium round 2,5 cm for bocal and so on Silver brushed also available at 5 cm
Aluminium round 5 cm Silver brushed Also available at 2,5 cm For bocal and so on
11 OZ aluminium or laser sublimation mug, laser for Multitrans. with clipper
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On This Day
On This Day - 1945
- December 31, 1945
Four GCs, nine GMs and three Bars to the GM were awarded to RANR personnel serving in the Rendering Mines Safe Section of the RN during WWII.
- December 17, 1945
HMAS BASILISK, (shore establishment at Port Moresby), paid off.
The modified River class frigate HMAS MURCHISON, (LCDR J. McL Adams, RAN), was commissioned. MURCHISON was laid down in Evans Deakin Yard, Brisbane, on 3 June 1943, and launched on 31 October 1944.
- December 12, 1945
HMAS Riawe was decommisioned and returned to owner Mr Gordon Allison.
- December 10, 1945
The Q class destroyer, HMAS QUEENBOROUGH, was commissioned. QUEENBOROUGH was laid down at Swan Hunter's Yard, England, on 6 November 1940, and launched on 16 January 1942. QUEENBOROUGH was transferred to the RAN in September 1945.
- December 8, 1945
HMAS KARA KARA, (boom defence vessel), was paid off at Darwin. The ship returned to Sydney in 1950.


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Weidenreich, Franz
Weidenreich, Franz(vī`dĕnrīkh), 1873–1948, German anatomist and physical anthropologist. He was educated at the universities of Munich, Kiel, Berlin, and Strasbourg. In 1921 he became professor of anatomy at the Univ. of Heidelberg; his work there stimulated his interest in anthropology and laid the groundwork for his later achievements in that field. Weidenreich was (1928–35) professor of anthropology at the Univ. of Frankfurt and worked (1935) on the excavation and study of Sinanthropus fossils from caves near Beijing (Peking), China. Later he was associated with the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. He is known for his descriptions of Peking man (Homo erectusHomo erectus
, extinct hominin living between 1.6 million and 250,000 years ago, possibly as late as c.110,000 years ago. Homo erectus is thought to have evolved in Africa from H. habilis, the first member of the genus Homo. African forms of H.
..... Click the link for more information. ; described by Weidenreich as Sinanthropus pekinensis) in 1943 and of Solo man (H. erectus soloensis) in 1948. His most famous work, The Skull of Sinanthropus Pekinensis, was published by the Geological Survey of China in 1943.
Weidenreich, Franz
Born June 7, 1873, in Edenkoben, in the Palatinate; died July 11, 1948, in New York. German anthropologist. When fascism came to power he emigrated from Germany and worked in China and the USA. Weidenreich is the author of the so-called theory of polycentrism, according to which the present human races derived from different species or even genera of ancient man that developed independently in different parts of the world. This conception has been thoroughly criticized in the works of Soviet anthropologists.
REFERENCESRoginskii, Ia. Ia. Teorii monotsentrizma i politsentrizma v problème proiskhozhdeniia sovremennogo cheloveka. Moscow, 1949.
Levin, M. G. "Novaia teoriia antropogeneza F. Weidenreikha." Sovetskaia etnografiia, 1946, no. 1.


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South Africa's manufacturing output jumps, boosting rand
South Africa's manufacturing output rose more than expected in October to its highest level since June 2016, data showed on Tuesday, lifting the rand as the economy showed further signs of recovering from recession.
Africa's most industrialised economy slipped into recession after contractions in the first two quarters of the year, but bounced back strongly in the third as the manufacturing, agriculture and retail sales sectors grew.
Manufacturing output rose by 3 percent year-on-year in October, driven by better vehicle and metals production, the statistics agency said.
The rand added to its earlier gains, advancing to 14.3450 per dollar from 14.40 just prior to the data's release.
Motor vehicles, parts and accessories rose 14 percent, food and beverages was up 6 percent, while basic iron and steel product grew 3.2 percent.
Mining data earlier showed the output in the ailing industry had stabilised slightly, rising 0.5 percent year-on-year in the month.
Manufacturing accounts for 14 percent of gross domestic product and mining 8 percent. Both have been drivers of a primary sector slump blamed on low business and consumer confidence as well as political and policy uncertainty.
"It was a broad based recovery and not focused on one sector, and a first indication that things are beginning to turnaround for the better in the sector," said Elize Kruger at NKC African Economics.
"However, there are still many headwinds like higher fuel prices, although they have come down now in December, which could contribute to a better environment," Kruger said.


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Wildernesswell Female Cats
When we got married, we decided that each one of us would keep our own cattery name, but we would operate together under Quality Bengal Kittens. Since kittens are registered based on the owner of the mother cat, each one of our litters will be registered based on whether the mother is Jon's cat or Robyn's cat.
These are the girls of Wildernesswell.
StarwindsUK Kadou of Wildernesswell - Kadou
A second generation cat down from Juara of Eraser, Kadou is one of a kind in the United States. Lots of cats were sold out of Juara, but few made it to SBT and even fewer are still breeding today - Kadou being the only one we know of in the United States. Juara is an important cat as he is completely unrelated to the popular line of Leopard cats used within the breed which means Kadou is critical in expanding the gene pool.
Kadou's Genetic Lineup: A2/A, TaM/TaB, Pk Deficiency N/N, PRAb N/N which means Kadou carries marble and a Leopard cat agouti gene that is different from the UC Davis identified Leopard cat agouti labeled Apb. We hypothesize this is because she comes from a different subspecies of Leopard cat than the mainstream Leopard cat used in the Bengal breed. Kadou does not carry for PK Deficiency or PRAb.
Wildernesswell Tonauac
from Wildernesswell Aztec Monkey and RW TGC Beauxmondes Home Of The Brave
Tona's Genetic Lineup: TaM/TaM, C/cb, PK Deficiency N/N and PRAb N/N which means she is homozygous spotted; she carries for seal sepia, and she does not carry for PK Deficiency or PRAb. Tona tested negative for HCM in 2019.
Wildernesswell Khushee
from Purebliss Deltic Purrs and Wildernesswell Jacobite Rebellion
Khushee - a second generation hybrid from Safarii of AWildDream - is the poster child of second-generation friendliness. Khushee is in love with Jon. When she knows he is outside, she calls and calls for him and once he enters her run, she smothers him with love. We feel so fortunate to have Safarii lineage as we believe him to be another Leopard cat who is not represented in the United States Bengal gene pool. We are hoping Khushee will pass down her amazing body shape, her strong coloration of coat, markings, and countershading, and tiny, wild-shaped head.
Khushee's Genetic Lineup: Apb/A, TaM/TaM, PK Deficiency N/N, PRAb N/N which means Khushee has one copy of Leopard cat agouti and that is it. She is homozygous brown, homozygous spotted, and she does not carry for either PK Deficiency or PRAb. Khushee tested negative for HCM in 2018.
Wildernesswell Khushleen
from Wildernesswell Khushee and RW TGC BeaxMondes Home of the Brave
A third-generation Safarii of AWildDream hybrid, Khushleen is a dream on fast forward. With all the time Jon spent waiting to move the Juara line down, Khushleen was a well-appreciated gift. We are counting on Khushleen to produce our third fertile fourth generation male, so we can work with three fourth generation boys down from three unrelated Leopard cats.
Khushleen's Genetic Lineup: TaM/TaB, C/cb, PK Def N/N PRAb N/N which means Khushleen carries for marble and sepia but does not carry for PK Deficiency or PRAb. Khushleen tested HCM negative in 2018.