text:
Terms & Conditions
Important Notes as applicable to E- Tickets
Please read the notes below carefully, if you need any clarifications, please contact our reservation & ticketing counters or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
E-Ticket Passenger Itinerary/Receipt: Please note that you are required to keep a printed copy of this "E-Ticket Itinerary" with you throughout the journey as it is required for entry into the airport, check-in, refunds or exchanges.
To enter the airport and for check-in, you must present this itinerary receipt along with Official Government issued photo identification such as passport, identity card or Indonesians KTP.
This E-Ticket Itinerary will have to be presented along with valid photo identification at the time of refund or exchanges.
This E-Ticket Itinerary does not constitute a document for carriage and in the event of any difference between it and the record of booking in the Lion Air reservation system, the latter shall prevail.
Fare(s) subject to cancellation charges, if any. Please contact Lion Air Reservation and Ticketing for details. By booking this ticket/fare, you agree and accept all terms and conditions, cancellation and ticket exchanges rules of this ticket/fare.
1.0 E-Ticket Changes and Cancellations
- Applied for All Batik Air (ID), Lion Air (JT) and Wings Air (IW) flights.
- Changes Policy: Free Change Fee (CF), Fare difference applied (if any).
- Refund policy: Refund full amount can be done with Voucher form of payment.
- Voucher policies
- 4.1. Voucher can be redeemed at Lion Representative office (New ticket, exchange ticket)
- 4.2. Voucher can be redeemed maximum 31 OCT 2020
- 4.3. Voucher cannot Exchange to CASH
Penalties (normal condition)
Airlines: Lion Air (JT), Wings Air (IW).
Airlines: Batik Air (ID)
Airlines: Lion Air (JT), Wings Air (IW)
Airlines: Batik Air (ID)
Notice: Carriage and other services provided by the carrier are subject to General Condition of carriage which are hereby incorporated by reference
If the Passenger's journey involves an ultimate
destination or stop in a country other than the country of departure, the Warsaw Convention may be applicable
and the Convention governs and in most cases limits the liability of
carriers for death or personal injury and in respect of loss or damage to
Please note that this ticket is further subject to all other terms and conditions of carriage as given below, which are deemed to be incorporated herein.
2.0 General Information
Reporting and Closing
Time Check-in For Indonesia Domestic Flights, Reporting Time Check-in starts 2 (two) hours prior to departure, and check-in counters close 30 (thirty) minutes before departure time for all classes of passangers. For International Flights, Reporting Time Check-in starts 2 hours prior to departure and check-in counter close 45 minutes before departure time for all classes of passengers. Certain formalities are required to be completed by the passengers at the airport before or after being accepted for the flight. To complete these formalities and the check-in process, passengers are required to arrive at the airport sufficiently before the departure time of the flight. In order to maintain schdules, the boarding gate will be closed 15 (fifteen) minutes before departure time Passengers, who do not report at the boarding gate at the requested boarding time, will not be boarded on the said flight and will be considered no-show passengers. In the event of delays and misconnection of flights not within the reasonable control of Lion Air; Lion Air will disclaim any liability towards the same. Passengers who arranges own connections with other airlines are advised to leave sufficient time for connections or terminal transfer or baggage re-claim and re-check- in. Lion Air will not be liable for any misconnection with other airlines outside reasonable control of Lion Air.
No-Show Passengers
confirmed passengers who do not present themselves for their booked flight are termed as 'No – Shows' If for some reason you are unable to undertake travel on flight for which you have a confirmed booking, please contact Lion Air Reservation & Ticketing as early as possible to avoid penalty.
In the event of overbooking, Lion Air will make every effort to provide seats for which confirmed reservation have been made, however, no absolute guarantee of seats availability is denoted by the expression reservations, bookings, status OK or HK, and the timings attached to them.
Credit Card Purchases
Please note that the credit card used to purchase your Lion Air flight tickets is required to be presented at time of check-in by the cardholder for verification at check-in. Failure to comply with this, Lion Air reserves the right to deny boarding and cancel the ticket(s) and contract of carriage.
Payment Fares
must be paid in full before the given time limit expires. In the event that the fare has not been paid in full for any reason whatsoever, Lion Air reserve the right to cancel the reservation/ticket prior to check-in and/or to deny you to board the flight.
We reserve the right not to carry infants less than two (2) days-old and Infant aged between three (3) and seven (7) days require Medical Certificate to confirm that the Infant is fit to travel on air transport. The Medical certificate must have been issued 72 hours before the standard departure time. Maximum age for Infant is less than 2 years old. Infant traveling on Lion Air must have the Form of Indemnity (F) signed by the parents.
Pregnant Passengers
All expectant Mothers are required to sign form of Indemnity (FOI). A Doctor's certificate that confirms the expectant mother is fit to travel on air transport is required to be produced at the point of check-in for pregnancy over 28
weeks. For pregnancy more than 36 weeks cannot do flight. Fit to travel certificate should issue not more than 3 (three) days from the schedule flight departure.
3.0 Cabin Baggage Regulations
40 x 30 x 20
1 piece + 1 Personal items
40 x 30 x 20
1 piece + 1 Personal items
35 x 30 x 20
1 piece + 1 Personal items
JT or ID connect IW
Boeing/ Airbus to ATR
35 x 30 x 20
1 piece + 1 Personal items
IW connect JT or ID
ATR to Boeing/ Airbus
35 x 30 x 20
1 piece + 1 Personal items
Cabin baggage is accepted subject in the cabin subject to availability of space in the overhead bin. Restricted stowage space is also available under the front seat. In the event no space being available in the aircraft to stow cabin baggage, it will be necessary to remove and load the same in the baggage hold as per safety regulations.
Articles (Personal items) which may be carried free in addition to the free baggage allowance (subject to security regulation).
- A Lady's handbag, pocketbook or purse, which is appropriate to normal traveling dress and is not being used as a container for the transportation of articles which would otherwise be regarded as baggage.
- An overcoat, wrap or blanket.
- A small camera and/or a pair of binoculars.
- Infant's food for consumption in flight
- Infant's carrying basket.
- An umbrella or walking stick.
- A reasonable amount of reading matter for the flight.
- A fully collapsible invalid's wheelchair and/or pair of crutches and/or braces or other prosthetic device for the passenger's use, provided that the passenger is dependent upon them.
Free Baggage Allowance Lion Air Group
Lion Air Domestic and International Flight - effective 1/March/2019
Wings Air Domestic and International Flight –
effective 13/March/2019
Batik Air
Domestic and International Flight
30 kg
20 kg
Thai Lion Air
Domestic and International Flight
effective 15/Jan/2019
Premium Economy
Malindo Air
Domestic and International Flight- effective
Business Flexi
Fare Class : D,J,C
40 kg
Business Promo
Fare Class :I
30 kg
Flexi & Shuttle (Economy)
Fare Class : L,K,H,B,S,W,A,Y
30 kg
(Boeing & ATR)
Value (Economy)
Fare Class : Q,N,M,L
20 kg
(Boeing & ATR)
Super Saver (Economy)
Fare Class : O,X,V,T :
Malindo Air International Flight
Route :
Dhaka (DAC)
35 kg
C hittagong (CGP)
35 kg
Please note Infant without a seat are not entitle for Free Checked-in Baggage allowance and no seat will be allocated for infant traveling with Lion Air.
Safety Regulations:
According to safety regulations, passengers are advised :
- Not to accept any packets from unknown passengers
- Not to leave baggage unobserved at any time, especially within airport area. Unattended baggage may be removed by airport security staff as an object of suspicion.
- To declare before checking-in, if carrying any arms or explosive substances. Concealment is an offence under the Aircraft Act and Rules.
Prohibited Articles
Also carriage of dry cell batteries, knives, scissors, sharp instruments, tools, fire arms, ammunition, and their toy replicas are prohibited in the passenger cabin.
Valuable Articles
Currency, precious metals, jeweller y, negotiable instruments, securities, personal identification documents and other items of value are best carried with the passengers in the cabin. Lion Air assumes no liability for any valuable articles carried.
Restricted Articles
Medicines and toiletries in limited quantities which are
necessary or appropriate for the passenger
during the journey, such as hair spray, perfumes and medicines containing
alcohol may be carried. Many of these listed articles can be carried as air cargo provided they are packed in accordance with cargo regulations
Dangerous Articles in Baggage
For safety reasons, dangerous articles such as those listed below, must not be carried in passenger's baggage.
- Briefcases and attaché cases with installed alarm devices.
- Compressed gases – (Deeply refrigerated, flammable, non- flammable and poisonous) such as butane, oxygen, and liquid nitrogen, aqualung cylinders and compressed gas cylinders.
- Corrosives – such as acids, alkalis, mercury and wet cell batteries and apparatus containing mercury.
- Explosives – ammunitions, fireworks and flares. Ammunition including blank cartridges, hand guns, fire works, and pistol cabs.
- Flammable liquids and solid solids such as lighter refills, lighter fuel, matches, paints, thinners, fire-lighters that need inverting before ignition.
- Radioactive material
- Oxidizing materials such as bleaching powder and peroxides
- Poisons and infectious substances such as insecticides, weed-killers and live virus materials.
- Other dangerous articles such as magnetized materials, offensive or irritating materials
- Etiologic agents (bacteria, viruses etc).
- Apparatus containing mercury must not be carried in baggage
Schedule change
Lion Air reserves the right to cancel or change the planned departure, schedule, route, aircraft or stopping places of any flight for which fares have been paid, at any time and from time to time, for any reason, without notice to any Passengers affected thereby and, in connection therewith, the Carrier shall not be liable to any Passenger in respect of such cancellation or change, whether or not resulting from an Event of Force Majeure; provided that, the Carrier may and reserves the right, at its sole discreation, to provide any Passengers affected by such cancellation or change with :
1) Within a reasonable period of time re- routing to the destination shown on the Passenger's Ticket by the Carrier's own services; or
2) To otherwise refund to such Passenger, an amount which shall not be greater than the fare paid by that Passenger in respect of that flight
4.0 Transportion Of A Person with a Disability
- A Passenger with a disability requiring any special assistance should inform the Carrier at the time of his or her booking of his or her special needs. The Carrier will carry such a Passenger where arrangements have been made to provide for that Passenger's special needs. If such a Passenger does not inform the Carrier at the time of booking of his or her special needs, the Carrier will nevertheless use reasonable efforts to accommodate that Passenger's special needs. Passengers with disabilities who have advised the Carrier of any special requirements they may have at the time of booking, and been accepted by the Carrier, shall not subsequently be refused carriage on the basis of such disability or special requirements, but the Carrier's regulations or government regulations may apply to the transportation of such Passengers.
- The Carrier may require that a Passenger with a disability travels with his or her own Assistant if it is essential for safety or that Passenger is unable to assist in his or her evacuation of the aircraft or is unable to understand safety instructions.
- The Carrier will refuse to transport, or will remove at any point, any Passenger whose actions or inactions prove to the Carrier that his or her mental or physical condition is such as to render him incapable of caring for him or herself without assistance, unless he or she is accompanied by an Assistant who will be responsible for caring for him or her en route and, with the care of such an Assistant, he or she will not require unreasonable attention or assistance from the air crew.
- The Carrier reserves the right to require a medical clearance from medical authorities if travel involves any unusual risk or hazard to the Passenger or to other persons (including, in cases of pregnant Passengers, unborn children).
- Passengers with a disability will not be permitted to occupy seats in designated emergency exit rows or in over-wing emergency exit rows.
- The Carrier reserves the right to cease accepting Passengers who must travel on a stretcher on any flight.
- The Carrier will not refuse to carry passenger wheelchairs or other disability-assistive devices, unless such carriage would be inconsistent with safety or safety requirements. In addition to the regular free baggage allowance, the Carrier will accept such passenger wheelchairs or other disability-assistive devices as priority checked baggage without charge.
5.0 Refusal To Transport
The Carrier may reserve the right to refuse to transport or may remove from any flight any Passenger for any reason, including but not limited to the following:
- Government Request or Regulations - whenever such action is necessary to comply with any government regulation or to comply with any government regulation, or to comply with any governmental request for emergency transportation in connection with the national defense, or whenever such action is necessary or advisable by reason of weather or other conditions beyond its control (including but without limitation, acts of God, or events of force Majeure, strikes, civil commotions, embargoes, wars, hostilities or disturbances) actual, threatened or reported.
- Search of Passenger or Property – if a Passenger refuses to permit search of his person or property for explosives or a concealed, deadly or dangerous weapon or article.
- Proof of Identity/Age – If a Passenger refuses to provide proof of age or identity as requested by the Carrier, the Carrier may, at its discretion and at any time, refuse to transport the Passenger. In addition, when a Passenger is traveling on a fare which has a particular age requirement for qualification, proof of age may be required. Acceptable forms of proof of identity are a valid driver's license, birth/baptismal certificate, passport or provincial health care card. Failure to provide proof as requested constitutes grounds for refusal to transport.
- Travel Documentation Requirements – The Carrier will refuse to transport any Passenger, where in the Carrier's opinion:
- the travel documents of such Passenger are not in order;
- such Passenger's entry into, transit through or embarkation or any other point would be unlawful.
- Passport must be valid at least 6 (six) months.
- Passenger's Conduct/Behavior – The Carrier may impose sanctions on any person who engages in or has engaged in any conduct or behavior on the Carrier's aircraft, or to the knowledge or reasonable belief of the Carrier, on any airport
property or other Carrier's aircraft, that the Carrier determines, in its reasonable judgment, may have a negative effect on the safety, comfort or health of that person, Passengers, the Carrier's employees or agents, aircrew
or aircraft or the safe operations of the Carrier's aircraft (the "Prohibited Conduct").
(a) Examples of Prohibited Conduct that could give rise to the imposition of sanctions include:
- significant impairment arising from the consumption or use of alcohol or drugs prior to boarding or while on board an aircraft of the Carrier
- engaging in belligerent, lewd or obscene behavior toward a Passenger or employee or agent of the Carrier.
- threatening, harassing, intimidating, assaulting or injuring a Passenger or employee or agent of the Carrier
- tampering with or willfully damaging an aircraft, its equipment or other property of the Carrier.
- failing to comply with all instructions, including all instructions to cease Prohibited Conduct, given by the Carrier's employees
- unauthorized intrusion or attempted intrusion onto the flight deck of an aircraft.
- smoking or attempted smoking in an aircraft
- swearing or carrying dangerous or deadly weapons on aircraft (other than on duty escort or peace officers who have complied with the Carrier's guidlines)
- The sanctions the Carrier may impose on a person may be any one or combination of the following :
- Written or verbal warning;
- refusal to permit boarding of an aircraft
- removal from an aircraft at any point;
- requiring the person, to undertake in writing to refrain from repeating the Prohibited Conduct in question and from engaging in any other Prohibited Conduct as a prerequisite to further travel with the Carrier during the probationary period that will not normally exceed one year;
- refusal to transport the person on a one time basis, for an indefinite period or permanently, as determined by the Carrier.
- The Carrier reserves the right, in its reasonable discretion, to impose the sanction or sanctions it considers appropriate in the circumstances of each case considering the severity of the Prohibited Conduct.
- Prohibited Conduct described in paragraphs :
(a) iii, iv, vi, or viii will usually entail the imposition of an indefinite or permanent ban from travel with the Carrier. The Carrier's customer care staff, security staff, airport customer service staff and and aircrew are individually authorized in their reasonable discretion to impose sanctions described in paragraphs (b) i, ii, or iii above. Members of the Carrier's customer care and security departments are authorized in their reasonable discretion to impose sanctions described in paragraphs (b) iv or v above. and will review the circumstances of each case prior to their imposition of any such sanctions. The Carrier will provide a person with written notice of the imposition of a sanction under paragraphs (b) iv or v above
- Any person who is given a sanction pursuant to paragraph (b) v. may respond in writing to the Carrier with reasons why the Carrier should remove the sanction. The Carrier may remove a sanction imposed on a person pursuant to paragraph (b) v, if the Carrier's reasonable discreation and considering the person's previous conduct, the Carrier determines that the person will not engage in further Prohibited Conduct and the Carrier will communicate its decision to the person within a reasonable time.
- Despite anything written elsewhere in this Tariff the Carrier's sole liability to a person whom the Carrier refuses to carry following an incident of Prohibited Conduct is to provide a refund to the person of the unused portion or portions of the person's fare.
- Liability of Carrier for Refusing Carriage of a Passenger.
- Except as otherwise provided for in this Rule 8 and to the extent permitted by law, the Carrier shall not be liable to any Passenger or other person for refusing to board or transport that Passenger or any person on an aircraft of the Carrier or for otherwise removing a Passenger from the aircraft at any point in the flight; nor shall the Carrier be liable to any of the Passengers or other person for exercising its discretion not to refuse to board or transport or remove any Passenger or other person on or from the aircraft.
6.0 Domestic Travel
- Carriage hereunder is subject to the regulations of the Indonesian Air Transport Act (1939/100) and to the applicable conditions of carriage, tariffs, time tables (except the time of departure and arrival stated therein) and other regulations of the carrier, which form an inseparable part hereof and which are available for inspection at the carrier's booking offices.
- This passenger's ticket is valid only for the person named hereon and is not transferable. The passenger agrees that the carrier reserves the right to check, if necessary, whether this ticket is utilized by the rightful person. If anyone other than the person named on the ticket travels or endeavors to travel on this ticket, the carrier is entitled to refuse such transportation and the right of transportation on this ticket by the person entitled on the carriage will lapse.
- The carrier reserves the right to substitute other carriers for the execution of the contract and to alter agreed stopping places.
- The carrier is not liable for any damage whatsoever arising out of cancellation and/or delay in transportation, including delay in arrival of passengers and delay in delivery of baggage.
- Checked baggage carried hereunder will only be delivered to the passenger on production of the baggage claim tag.
- The carrier is liable for the damage and loss on the passenger's baggage subject to the Indonesian Air Transport Act (1939/100) and the conditions of carriage of the carrier
7.0 International Travel
- Terms and conditions of carriage applicable to International travel only: Subject to conditions of contract in this ticket. This ticket is not valid and will not be acceptable for carriage unless purchased from the issuing carrier or its authorized travel agent.
- Notice of government and airport imposed taxes, fees and charges: The price of the ticket may include taxes, fees and charges which are imposed on air transportation by government authorities. These taxes, fees and charges which may represent a significant portion of the cost of air travel, are either included in the fare, or shown separately in the "TAX/ FEE/ CHARGE" box (es) of this ticket. You may also be required to pay taxes, fees and charges not already collected
Conditions of Contracts:
- As used in this contract "ticket" means this passenger ticket and baggage check, of which these conditions and the notices form part, "carriage" is equivalent to "transportation", "carrier" means all air carriers that carry or undertake to carry the passenger or his baggage hereunder or perform any other service incidental to such air carriage. "WARSAW CONVENTION" means the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air signed at Warsaw, 12th October 1929, or that Convention as amended at The Hague, 28th September 1955, whichever may be applicable.
- Carriage hereunder is subject to the rules and limitations relating to liability established by the Warsaw Convention unless such carriage is not "international carriage" as defined by that Convention.
- To the extent not in conflict with the foregoing carriage and other services performed by each carrier are subject to: (i) provisions contained in this ticket, (ii) applicable tariffs, (iii) carrier's conditions of carriage and related regulations which are made part hereof (and are available on application at the offices of carrier), except in transportation between a place in the United States or Canada and any place outside thereof to which tariffs in force in those countries apply.
- Carrier's name may be abbreviated in the ticket, the full name and its abbreviation being set forth in carrier's tariffs, conditions of carriage, regulations or timetables; carrier's address shall be the airport of departure shown opposite the first abbreviation of carrier's name in the ticket; the agreed stopping places are those places set forth in this ticket or as shown in carrier's timetables as scheduled stopping places on the passenger's route; carriage to be performed hereunder by several successive carriers is regarded as a single operation.
- An air carrier issuing a ticket for carriage over the lines of another air carrier does so only as its agent.
- Any exclusion or limitation of liability of carrier shall apply to and be for the benefit of agents, servants and representatives of carrier and any person whose aircraft is used by carrier for carriage and its agents, servants and representatives.
- Checked baggage will be delivered to bearer of the baggage check. In case of damage to baggage moving in international transportation complaint must be made in writing to carrier forthwith after discovery of damage and, at the latest, within 7 days from receipt; in case of delay, complaint must be made within 21 days from date the baggage was delivered. See tariffs or conditions of carriage regarding non-international transportation.
- The fare for carriage hereunder is subjected to change prior to commencement of carriage. Carrier may refuse transportation if the applicable fare has not been paid.
- Carrier undertakes to use its best efforts to carry the passenger and baggage with reasonable dispatch. Times shown in timetables or elsewhere are not guaranteed and form no part of this contract. Carrier may without notice substitute alternate carriers or aircraft, and may alter or omit stopping places shown on the ticket in case of necessity. Schedules are subject to change without notice. Carrier assumes no responsibility for making connections.
- Passenger shall comply with Government travel requirements, present exit, entry and other required documents and arrive at airport by
8.0 Passports And Visas
Responsibility of Passenger
- Each Passenger desiring transportation across any international boundary shall be responsible for obtaining all necessary travel, health and other documents required by laws, regulations, orders, demands or requirements of the countries to be flown from, into or over and for complying with the laws of each country from, through or to which he desires transportation, and unless applicable laws provide otherwise, shall indemnify the Carrier for any loss, damage, or expense suffered or incurred by the Carrier by reason of such Passenger's failure to do so. The Carrier shall not be liable for any aid or information given by any agent or employee of the Carrier to any Passenger in connection with obtaining such documents or complying with such laws, whether given orally or in writing or otherwise; or for the consequences to any Passenger resulting from his failure to obtain such documents or to comply with such laws.
- Subject to applicable laws and regulations, the Passenger shall pay the applicable fare whenever the Carrier, on Government or immigration authority order, is required to return a Passenger to his point of origin or elsewhere due to the Passenger's inadmissibility into or deportation from a country, whether of transit or of destination. The fare applicable will be the fare that would have been applicable had the original ticket designated the revised destination on the new ticket. In such circumstances the Carrier will not refund any fare to the Passenger for flights with the Carrier that the Passenger is unable to fly for these reasons. If the Carrier is required to pay or deposit any fine or penalty or to incur any expenditure by reason of the Passenger's failure to comply with laws, regulations, orders, demands or other travel requirements of the countries to be flown from, into or over or to produce the required documents, the Passenger shall on demand reimburse to the Carrier any amount so paid or expenditure so incurred or to be paid. The Carrier may apply towards such payment or expenditure the value of any carriage unused by the Passenger, or any funds in the Carrier's possession.
9.0 Advice To International Passengers On Limitation Of Liability
Passengers on a journey involving an ultimate destination or a stop in a country other than the country of origin are advised that the provisions of a treaty known as the Warsaw Convention may be applicable to the entire journey, including any portion entirely within the country of origin or destination.
For such passengers on a journey to, from, or with an agreed stopping place in the United States of America, the Convention and
special contracts of carriage embodied in applicable tariffs provide that the liability of certain carriers parties to such special contracts for death of or personal injury to passengers is limited in most cases to proven damages not to exceed US $75,000 per
passenger* and that this liability up to such limit shall not depend on negl igence on the part of the Carrier.
For such passengers traveling by a Carrier not a party to such special contracts or on a journey not to, from, or having an agreed stopping place in the United States of America, liability of the Carrier for death or personal injury to passengers is limited in most cases to approximately US $10,000 or US $20,000.
The names of carriers, parties to such special contracts, are available at all ticket offices of such carriers and may be examined on request. Additional protection can usually be obtained by purchasing insurance from a private company. Such insurance is not affected by any limitation of the carrier's liability under the Warsaw Convention or such special contracts of carriage. For further information, please consult your airline or insurance company representative.
*Note: The limit of liability of US $75,000 above is inclusive of legal fees and costs except that in the case of a claim brought in a state where provision is made for separate award of legal fees and costs, the limit shall be the sum of US $58,000 exclusive of legal fees and costs.
Liability for loss, delay, or damage to baggage is limited unless a higher value is declared in advance and additional charges are paid.
For most international travel (including domestic portions of international journeys) the liability limit is approximately US $9.07 per pound (US $20.00 per kilo) for checked baggage and US $400.00 per passenger for unchecked baggage.
For travel wholly between U.S. points, Federal rules require any limit on an airline's baggage liability to be at least US $1,250.00 per passenger. Excess valuation may not be declared on certain types of articles.
Some carriers assume no liability for fragile, valuable or perishable articles. Further information may be obtained from the carrier.
For more information, log on to : www.lionair.co.id. Issued by Lion Air
10.0 Lion Air Pre-Booked Meals
- Pre-Booked Meals (PBM) can be ordered no later than 24 hours before Scheduled Time of Departure (STD), together with ticket reservations and or after PNR being ticketed.
- PBM that have been ordered will be listed on the customer's ticket receipt and can be claimed to our cabin crew during the flight, according to the route listed on the receipt.
- If passenger's order is damaged or anything else that causes the order cannot be consumed, Lion Air will exchanged with another menu with the same value.
- Paid Pre-Book Meals cannot be canceled, transferred, or exchanged.
- Every conditions/ force majeure beyond the ability of PT. Lion Air, which causes food not to be accepted by passengers, Lion Air is not obliged for the replacement.
- PBM orders will be refunded if a one-sided flight cancellation occurs by Lion Air.
- Actual meal may vary. Pictures are for illustrative purposes only.
- Meals served on Lion Air's flights may contain traces of nuts or other allergens.


text:
Protein Substitution or Supplementation? Improving Poultry Production for Sustainability in the Ruaha Landscape, Tanzania (Poster)
Poster on chickens, nutrition and bushmeat in Tanzania. This poster was presented at the Alliances Workshop at the IUCN World Conservation Congress entitled "Following the Nature, Wealth and Power Trinity to Healthy Environments and Healthy People" held October 6-9, in Barcelona, Spain. The event was sponsored by Wildlife Conservation Society with support from USAID through the TransLinks cooperative agreement.
Author(s): Peter Coppolillo, Wildlife Conservation Society
Publication Date: 2008
Location: Ruaha National Park, Tanzania
Download File from Portal: Poster_SustainablePoultryProductionTanzania.pdf — PDF document, 1,270 kB (1,301,382 bytes)
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Date Created: Friday, April 3, 2015 7:18 PM
Date Modified: Monday, April 20, 2015 2:21 PM

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Today, 21 million websites use the top 20 Content Management Systems (CMS) with access to more than 67 thousand free plugins. WordPress is by far the most popular content management system with 51% of the market share according to the BuiltWithTrends.
Are these CMS secure for businesses dealing with customer credentials and financial transactions? We'll get to that after understanding what a CMS essentially does.
A content management system is a group or suite of applications that allows adding, updating, and publishing digital content. It is your structured tool to change the website design, update product details, upload images or videos, and to make the other changes.
A few decades ago, businesses had to build websites from scratch without design templates or apps. And for content management, they rely on the developers for updating the HTML every time there was a change.
Public or open source or free CMS such as WordPress and Drupal revolutionized how websites were created and managed. They allow businesses to control the website without having to write the code for simple functions such as updating the product description. Anyone from the marketing or sales team can do it today.
And for custom application requirements, they can use the free plugin apps or ask the development team to create a new one and upload it to the CMS. Simple
According to the Data Breach Today, 800,000 banking credentials were stolen using hacked WordPress sites in 2014. On November 20, same year, WordPress pushed a security patch for Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities.
Similarly, just four months ago, attackers exploited a 2-year old SQL Injection vulnerability in Drupal. They installed web-based ransomware and hijacked website admin accounts using CVE-2014-3704, which was patched later by Drupal.
While CMS is widely used, they are widely exploited too.
Since the open source community manages these CMS, one cannot trace the origin of the code and what vulnerabilities it might have.
Even if you find the vulnerability using automated scanning or penetration testing, there is no way you can push WordPress or Drupal to patch it in the system. So essentially, one can only pray that their site isn't hacked until the CMS is fixed.
On an average, WordPress, Drupal and Joomla release security patches in 42, 51, and 36 days respectively. That's the average number of days websites are vulnerable to exploits if the vulnerability is known. For other vulnerabilities for which the commercial exploit is not announced, creating and deploying patches can take months.
Moreover, three major CMS offer 70,000+ plugins available today, which anyone can upload or download.
Since WordPress hosts the maximum number of third-party apps (40,000), let's find out what it takes to write code for new apps and upload them to the CMS.
Basically, anyone who knows how to code can add a plugin to the WordPress architecture and we have no idea where the code came from.
The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) A9 gives a general idea of this security loophole with plugins. A9 represents 'Using Known Vulnerable Components'.
So, if a plugin 'FancyBox for WordPress' is vulnerable to SQL Injection, all the websites using this plugin will be vulnerable, which in this case is over 100,000 websites.
Checkmarx ran automated tests on WordPress plugins a few years ago and found out that 20% of all plugins were vulnerable and open to attacks like SQL Injection. Moreover, seven out of the top 10 plugins were vulnerable to application attacks.
This means that every website using these plugins will be open to attacks too.
Is exploiting these vulnerabilities difficult?
A simple 'View Source' will tell you the plugins a website is using on their CMS. If one of the plugins is vulnerable, hackers can use it to exploit the website.
For larger automated attacks, hackers first find vulnerabilities in a plugin and then find millions of sites using that particular third party app.
Unknown code components, third-party application, and delay in security patches make public CMS vulnerable to several kinds of application attacks.
Although finding vulnerabilities is the first step towards security, you can never patch it since your developers don't own the CMS or the plugin. Even with deep penetration testing, you will only be looking at the vulnerabilities without any fixes. That is where Indusface Total Application Security helps you. It can find the vulnerabilities and patch them virtually.
A virtual patch means that you do not have to change anything in the app code but a WAF applies a specific policy or rule that doesn't allow attackers to exploit that particular vulnerability. It is like automating attack mitigation without updating the software.
Founder & Chief Marketing Officer, Indusface
Venky has played multiple roles within Indusface for the past 6 years. He was instrumental in building the product/service and technology team from scratch and grew it from ideation to getting initial customers with a proven/validated business model poised for scale. He has proven experience (10+ years) in the security industry and has held various mgmt/leadership roles in Product Development, Professional Services, and Sales during his time at Entrust Data card.


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I had about 12 hours to spend in Berlin between arriving from Wittenberg and flying out to London. Having visited Berlin on a couple of occasions recently and taken in most of the iconic sights I set myself the task to check out the local coffee scene. Berlin's coffee bars came highly recommended from resident blogger Yvonne Zagermann of justtravelous.com. Armed with the recently acquired iPhone app Beanhunter, which gives the location of coffee shops near your location, I headed out of Berlin Hauptbahnof in search of coffee and some of the lesser known sights. Beanhunter indicated there were 16 coffee bars in Berlin (and one in Sydney, Australia called Cafe Berlin). I picked just two.
Oliv, Munzstrasse 8, 10178 Berlin
Oliv has a modern interior with walls that reminded me of the brutal concrete architecture of the 1960s. Plenty of natural light floods in from large windows. Tables were also squeezed onto the street. There was little atmosphere or buzz often associated with coffee bars and service was very, very slow – so slow it made mañana seem fast. However, they did apologised for the wait so it may not be usual, though the cafe was not crowded.
The iced latte, when it eventually arrived, was worth the wait. Full of taste, which many lattes lack, and with a super creamy texture. Oliv is worth seeking out if you are near Alexanderplatz and you are not in a hurry.
The next coffee bar is altogether different and is well worth the effort spent in searching for it.
The Barn, Auguststrasse 58, Mitte, 10119 Berlin
Interior like a coffee warehouse with aged wood. Unusually they serve coffee from the London roaster, Square Mile. The baristas bring out the best of it making excellent coffee. The Barn has become very popular with the locals. This means they only allow each individual to buy two cakes so they can keep supplies for their neighbourhood clientele. They use filtered water to make the coffee. It is this attention to detail that helps produce what I consider to be the best coffee in Berlin. The Barn is far from barn-like being small and cosy. It spills out onto the pavement with an eclectic mix of chairs and tables.
I had a flat white to die for. Deep flavour and velvety smooth top with great latte art. The "made on the premises" carrot cake was… let's just say I wasn't allowed to buy more than two slices. Teas, espresso coffees, aeropress, chai and iced coffees also available.
These two coffee bars were an indication that Berlin does have a worthwhile coffee scene. Have you been to Berlin and tried out its coffee bars? What were your experiences?