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Aug 18, 2017
It was a wonderful journey of learning how to learn. Simple and effective. Wish i had come across something like this a little early in life. But better late than never. Keep up the good work. Thanks.
Mar 14, 2018
this course is great! I actually already know some of these Technics and concepts before i went into this course but this course did such a great job of explaining it the now it really sticks with me.
por Sebastián•
Jun 22, 2016
No hay buena traducción
por Mauro v V•
Oct 18, 2019
Fuck this shit
por Chris O•
Sep 12, 2015
I broke every rule of efficient and effective learning until I met this course, Dr. Barbara Oakley Dr. Terrence Sejnowski, and the book: "A Mind for Numbers".
I wish I had met your group and this powerful vehicle of learning earlier –university wouldn't have been so costly (studying the inefficient way) and the rewards could be even more phenomenal with this awareness. Nevertheless, your incredible work will continue to help mitigate the cost.
Although I maintained good grades through university primarily because of my high enthusiasm, interest and determination to achieve excellence in life–long learning, but the personal cost was undue stress –over studying, keeping many late nights, dependency on caffeine and life-work-family balance. However, I imagined there had to be a better way.
The frustrations and occasionally being at my wits end in solving some of the problems in the computer programming languages I am currently learning have instantly dissipated because of this course. I have completely changed my old and inefficient learning methods and formed new habits for learning.
Amazingly, I failed to solve the triangle problem on the first try at the end of a long day of work and study (after staring at it for about 45mins) in the book: "A Mind For Numbers" by Dr. Barbara Oakley. However, determined, I gave it another shot the next morning, right after waking up -it took me less than 30 seconds to solve. You've got to love the diffuse mode…
While I love academia and stand ready to dance with whatever pain it dishes out at me in my life-long learning journey, this course has single-handedly removed current and whatever inherent or perceived pain that may be associated with life-long academic learning for me.
There is a better way to rote learning method -a different, efficient and effective approach… Academic goal or any subject matter no longer need to take many years of painful endurance to achieve or master.
This course has armed me with the ultimate set of tools to expertly construct efficient and effective learning methods with measureable success. Essentially, I have learned how to hack my academic growth and goal.
Finally, in the past, I stumbled upon one or two of the methods taught in this course in academic journals and other articles. However, these occasional, inconsistent and isolated pieces of information were not cohesive to form a powerful enough force to help build a fundamental understanding and practice of efficient learning methods. Additionally, overpowering the well-formed habit of the inefficient rote learning method was a challenge.
Fortunately, this course and the book: "A Mind For Numbers" by Dr. Barbara Oakley, compiled and put all of these scientific data on efficient learning methods in to proper perspective, easy enough for anyone to understand and practice.
In the afterword chapter of the book, Dr. David B. Daniel said it best:
"There has long been a stream of potentially productive study advice coming from scientists. Unfortunately, it has seldom been translated so the average student can easily grasp and use it. Not every scientist has a knack for translation, and not every writer has a firm grasp of the science. In this book, Barbara Oakley threaded this needle beautifully. Her use of vivid examples and explanations of the strategies reveals not only how useful but how credible these ideas are."
Thank you Dr. Barbara Oakley and the Learning How to Learn Team for a job well done! Your work is indelible in my mind and I can be certain, in others too.
por Ali A P B•
Aug 24, 2019
This is the first real elaborated review I´ve done in my life. That´s the kind of impact this course can produce. I felt like I wanted to express my opinion about it and my gratitude. If you are someone who likes learning or teaching, or need to perform those activities in your everyday life for any reason, then you should take this course without hesitation. The information given is so valuable and eye opening. I personally like to read a lot and gain new knowledge about anything, but I always had that little feeling that I was not being truly efficient in doing it, that I was doing something wrong or, going further, that I wasn´t capable or smart enough to retain the information I was trying to learn, because I usually found myself investing a lot of time reading over and over again a material to realize, weeks later, that I had forgotten almost all of it. That, of course, caused me a lot of frustration. I used to feel that I was wasting my time. I knew that the best way to learn something was trough practice, but this course helped me understand how the process of learning really works, the correct way of practicing and the mistakes people usually make (illusions of learning).
I had read years ago a book about memory and memorization (Una Mente Prodigiosa by Ramón Campayo), originally written in spanish (I´m a native spanish speaker), which gave me a lot of insights and tools for memorizing better, but I never applied it to my learning process. This course has filled the gap between memorizing and learning, the missing piece that I needed to complete the puzzle. The tools mentioned in that book are also mentioned here, but joined together with the process of learning subjects completely, with understanding, creativity, flexibility, associations and long term memorization.
I have used the tools given in this course to learn and memorize the course itself, and they have been truly effective. I have also used them in studying in my own area of work, which is mechanical engineering, and also have proven to be quite useful. I now feel that the information stay in my mind for longer, which helps to understand new and more complex concepts better. Of course, memorizing is not learning, real learning comprises a lot of other things, but it´s a very important part of the learning process. If you can´t remember the material, then you can´t use the information to solve anything, to learn new things or to use the information creatively.
I also play the piano, and I have even used some of the information while practicing and learning new songs. This demonstrates that the concepts of the course can be used in any field, as long as you´re learning something.
Another important and pleasant aspect of this course, is the way Dr. Barbara Oakley presents the material. She is so kind and friendly, which gives you the sensation that you are listening to a close friend or someone that you´ve known for a long time. That makes the course material more accessible and enjoyable. Dr. Terry Sejnowski also does a very good job at teaching. They´re just so easy to hear. The material is very clear and well organized.
I will say like Dr. Barbara says very often: I can´t thank you both enough for this course. I´m really grateful. Learning is a lifelong process, and that´s where the importance of this course lies.
por Mark V•
Mar 13, 2016
This is a great course. The concepts and techniques taught here should be required by every teacher and student in our school systems from kindergarten on. Of course, some of the material is well beyond the grasp of a kindergartner, but the techniques and methods can be taught by how their teacher manages the delivery of curriculum. It is never too early to teach our children how to learn.
This is a wonderfully succinct presentation of key concepts that I wish had been available to me in my youth. I was very fortunate to have an anatomy and physiology professor in college in 1979 that took time in his lectures to teach about how the brain learns and some methods and principles for study, retention, and recall. I saw many of his concepts in this course.
I later went on to teach college myself. I found the students in my Freshman course on data communications were particularly lazy about making an effort to learn material thoroughly. I knew this bad habit would hinder their progress in the semesters to come.
I adopted a practice of making my mid-term exam a thorough (not to be confused with level of difficulty) test of their understanding. Consequently, 60% would fail that test. When delivering the bad news I also delivered a path to recovering from that score. I provide several hours of lecture on what I learned about learning from my A&P professor. Then I offered a retest. The questions were posed differently in wording and type (multiple choice vs short answer essay vs T/F). Everyone improved their score significantly and the pass/fail distribution reflected more of a bell curve distribution.
Interestingly, when I tried teach how to learn before the mid-term I still saw a 60% failure rates. I expect somethings require more motivation. The risk of failing a course proved to be motivating, so I capitalized on that human behavior. I wish I could have found a better way, because this approach cost several lecture hours of data communications instruction. However, teaching them to learn proved so much more valuable.
I, unexpectedly had the same high failure rate on a term test teach an Algebra class. I responded in kind with lectures on how to learn. On student that started with failing the first term test almost dropped. Another student that had taken other classes encouraged her stay on and to learn how to learn. She finish Algebra with an A-. At the end of the course she came to me with the most treasured compliment of my teach career, "You taught me that I can learn anything I want to learn."
por Deleted A•
Jun 27, 2018
Hello!"Learning how to learn" at first might seem quite absurd.But I assure you that this would be by far the most quintessential course you have ever taken.The course itself is taken by Terry Sejnowski (Professor at The Salk Institute for Biological Studies) and Barbara Oakley, (Ph.D., PE is a Professor of Engineering at Oakland University.)Where she explains, How by considering herself as the "belligerent queen in math" she flunked her way through high school math and science courses, before enlisting in the army immediately after graduation.But it was when she saw how her lack of mathematical and technical savvy severely limited her options :Both to rise in the military and to explore other careers.She returned to school with a newfound determination to re-tool her brain to master the very subjects that had given her so much trouble throughout her entire life.In "Learning how to learn", Dr. Oakley and Terry Sejnowski lets us in on the secrets to effectively learning math and science ( or any field in particular) secrets that even dedicated and successful students wish they'd known earlier. In the course many important topics likeProcrastination, Chunking, the difference between Long-term and short-term memory and Focused and diffused modes are taken up and discussed in depths (step by step).Moreover many small topics like Test taking, Teamwork, Spaced repetition and Memory retention techniques (including memory palace, usage of analogy and visual representation) are also included which is quite unconventional but extremely helpful especially for students and learners learning a new language.Plus the small Finger exercises and Peer-graded Assignments with a grading percentage criteria always helps students to strive for the "best. Hence, whether by introducing the idea of Zombie mode and other sophisticated processes like Einstellung, Deliberate practice and Transfer idea all by taking examples of great personalities like : Thomas Edison, Santiago Ramón y Cajal and, Salvador Dali, or by providing optional interviews and redings from one of the renowned scholars : Dr. Robert Bilder, Keith Devlin, Dr. Richard Felder and Dr. Rebecca Brent never failed to enthuse our interest in a particular topic and always encouraged us to achieve our highest creative potential.Thank you !
por Shaquan M S•
May 04, 2018
This review is also found in the General Discussion Forum.
Realizing the Capabilities to Learn is My Biggest Motivation
Before starting this MOOC, I was very nervous and anxious about the materials I needed, the type of information I will learn, and how successful I'd be at completing this course. There was also some skepticism on whether or not this course would actually teach me anything useful in my journey for higher education. It took me a week to commence studies, but I quickly became engaged after introductions from Dr. Barbara Oakley and Dr. Terrence Sejnowski. I believe it was their own nervousness that gave me comfort in the beginning, and then watching them transform with a higher sense of confidence allowed me to trust their discourse.
After the first two weeks, I had the opportunity to speak creatively during Sunday dinners with family on some of the scientific factors involved with Learn2Learn. I was surprised at how much of the information I was able to recall and how it led to us reminiscing about past experiences we thought were long forgotten. I've definitely changed my perspective or thought process on a lot of events, circumstances, and choices discussed with family, which leads me to have a better understanding of Dr. Sejnowski's lecture on memory consolidation.
Now that my confidence level has experienced a significant boost, it motivated me to take on a second MOOC. This could not be possible without the information I've obtained from "Learning How to Learn." I had given up on myself and didn't think I was mentally ready or capable of successfully completing college-level course work. I was wrong! After applying several of the techniques captured from this course, I am motivated to move forward with my educational goals, and will only look back to remember the skills I developed from this MOOC.
Thank You Dr. Barbara Oakley and Dr. Terrence Sejnowski for your inspiration.
por Abhishek M•
Jul 29, 2017
This course is like one of those nostalgic memories, which force us to desire foresight. Generally speaking though the course is helpful for everybody, but it will be a boon for many students. Many techniques and scenarios discussed in the course will definitely help both during learning phase and also during revision as well as in tests.
The course rightly points out many blunders that students commit due to bad habits acquired through students life. The bad habits I am talking about is about learning only and not of ethical values!! For e.g. practicing easy questions enough or first thing and not focusing on hard questions and many more like them.
So for me the course has:
1. A very short duration of course.
2. Easy teaching style of Prof. Oakely combined with relevant examples.
3. Synthesis of various learning techniques, so that week by week students gain a better understating of learning process.
4. Easy and simple steps to follow to see improvement.
5. Interviews with relevant figures to give a flavor different and at the same time similar thinking process across the successful.
6. The course is free.
1. The second instructor Dr. Sejnowski is very knowledgeable and have a firm grasp of the material, but the things that he taught could be trimmed by 60% easily and it still will not take away anything relevant from the course. Dr. Sejnowski also didn't feel comfortable talking or explaining in the front of the camera so his videos appeared to be forced.
2. Most of the quiz question were taken verbatim from the transcript. As this course is about creativity that part could have been avoided to inculcate depper understanding of the subject.
But in the end, I profited handsomely from this course.
Thank you Prof. B. Oakley, Dr T Sejnowski and their entire team.
por Dena•
Aug 14, 2019
Me being very grateful to the Coursera and the Learning How to Learn (and another Coursera Course, somewhat similar to this one) Community. + sharing some works that I personally loved and which were brought to my mind by this particular course.
I have been introduced to the world of wonderful opportunities to gain knowledge for free and in as comfortable environment as possible qute recently by a lovely russian-speaking YouTuber- Anastacia Kay (a link to her video on courseral: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kGR5yJn-GZo) and I`ve been learning here ever since. Thanks to Nastya and Coursera! And to his particular course, which has made me a much better student, I believe. For now I know why I couldnot remember things well, though I`ve spent a lot of time studying. =) And now I have a deeper understandying of some of my earlier experiences (for instance, I`ve read a fictional book by Douglas Preston and Lincoln Child 'the reliquary' (detective-story & horrors -lovers might like it) and the main character used such a mental technique as 'Mental Palace'. I now know hot to use it too). + Some ideas from a great book (though its author could have argued with me on the title 'great' I gave and will continue giving it) "How to read a book" by Mortimer Adler, the ideas from the book and the course also matched and explained one another.
Plus I would say, that this course workes best together with another insightful Coursera course "Neurobiology of everyday life". They provide a look on somewhat the same topics, giving different perspectives to it!
All in all, I am really greateful to the creators of the course and the site! You help people learn about the world arround us with wonder and without limitations (financial, locational, health...)! Thank you!
por sgrifi•
Jul 22, 2017
très intéressant !!! je le recommande pour les amoureux de l'apprentissage et du savoir . Je le recommande pour les apprenants qui ont des difficultés de concentration , de baisse de motivation et de blocage .
j'ai beaucoup aimé les astuces qui aident à mieux apprendre , à mieux gérer l'apprentissage , à prendre plaisir en apprenant !
j'ai bien utilisé la technique de "pomodoro " qui m'a vraiment aidé à arriver jusqu'au bout de ce cours et je la recommande !
je dois revoir des lectures et réécouter des vidéos pour bien fixer les informations dans ma mémoire, je compte aussi les utiliser dans mon travail avec mes apprenants et donc je dois faire mon propore récapitulatif qui m'aiderait a mon tour de bien expliquer les choses et aider les apprenants dans leurs parcours d'apprentissage .
Je dois juste dire que j'ai trouvé qu'il y a beaucoup à lire , chose qui est très intéressante mais j'avoue que je n'ai pas eu le temps de lire les extras ( lecture , vidéos , lien internet ) je ne sais pas s'il y a quelqu'un qui a réussi à le faire pendant le cours ? je serais très intéressée de savoir comment la personne a procédé pour le faire ? ou Si les enseignants pourront nous donner des astuces comment pouvoir tout lire ? est ce possible ? pour ma part je vais le faire dans un deuxième temps et en utilisant la technique de "pomodoro" :-) et "recall" pour bien me souvenir de l'essentiel et j'ai aussi beaucoup aimé le mode "dufuse" je l'adore et je crois en ce mode car je l'ai déjà essayé mais d'une manière spontanée et inconsciente maintenant je sais qu'il fait parti des stratégies d'apprentissage .
merci pour tout Mme Barbara
Oakley, Terry Sejnowski! Thank you very much !
por Connie T K•
Dec 21, 2015
(+) Manageable bite-sized online lectures with interesting content that are highly relevant to the topic of Learning How to Learn
(+) Assessments are pitched at the right level, with questions requiring recall of the concepts learnt and some other comprehension- and application-typed questions that require a bit more thinking to apply the concepts learnt.
(+) Professor Oakley has a very interesting style of presenting the topic that makes the material very easy to digest and learn. She communicates key learning points in a concise and succinct manner using a variation of simple analogies, wacky (but meaningful) graphics, life stories and other examples to draw out or to associate to important lesson takeaways.
(+) Personally, I did not managed to finish all the optional interviews but I really appreciate the time and effort used to glean additional inputs and insights from multiple perspectives and I hope to be able to revisit this course at a later time.
(+) Professor Sejnowski's insights into learning how our brain works is something new to me. It is also an important part of this course. Although I could barely recall the terminologies, but certain images that he has shared to assist in scientific explanations, and the true accounts of HM as well as the two scientists who swollowed poison without being poisoned, did stay in me and helped me understand the material better.
Thank you, Professor Oakley and Sejnowski, the course was meaningful and well-paced, offering insights into learning and how the brain works. I greatly appreciate the effort and time spent to make the materials and information illustrative for learners.
por Ruth S C•
Jul 21, 2016
This course, the professionalism of the teaching staff and the content impressed me to the extent I sent emails to every thinking person I know. One of my students has done weeks one and two several times.... she is a grade 11 school student and an original thinker. She is the only one that looked at the course and gave me feed back.
I am so grateful to be able to learn from great thinkers without feeling that I am one of the world's failures. How very much I do appreciate not being talked down to and being given the time to write down words that I might not know well and, finding that as I learn meanings from an ordinary dictionary, I am able to use those words on a day to day basis. I am also so grateful that I did not have to buy anything either from the University or from needing extra books to understand the course.
I have changed several of my home tutoring practices. In fact as it is school holidays here I have been practicing to 'teach' as well as the teachers on this course.
My nature is such that I need to thank people for the service they do to others. I wish I could thank you by buying a million certificates. As I am unable to do this or even buy one - what I can do is acknowledge that I learned what I know from the University of California, San Diego and mention the names of those who helped me learn. The other way of saying thank you is to remind my thinking friends that if they wish to avoid loss of their abilities to think rationally, as they age , they could look at the courses available to everyone.
Ruth St. Claire
Abu Dhabi
United Arab Emirates
por Alex•
Oct 16, 2017
I loved this course! The material was presented in a clear, easy-to-remember fashion, with lots of memory devices to help remember (whodathunkit?) the material, not just the usual powerpoint slides. The quiz after every video was low-stakes and I appreciated knowing up front that each quiz can be tried again, with the highest score kept. This made it low-stakes and less stressful, and made me more likely to complete it on time. The professors were cheerful and upbeat and made class a pleasure. The material is all solidly researched, and I loved the optional interviews and extra reading material. Much of the course information tied in with things I'd already read, like telling yourself a racing heart means you're excited, not afraid (I read that in The Upside of Stress, by Kelly McGonigle). But even the things I knew or had tried were presented in a new context, in such a way I'm more likely to remember them in the future. Great job! One piece of constructive criticism: the demeanor of both professors on camera is wooden. I expect they're both *much* better lecturing in person. I know from experience that you can vastly improve your performance on camera with practice and some mental tricks---like having someone watch you just beyond the camera and lecturing to them, not the camera. As this didn't cause functional problems with the course, I'd still rate the course at 99% . :) . The stiffness of the interviewing could also be improved, but rest assured, I LOVED the class and would definitely take a class from Dr. Oakley again. I've bought her book and look forward to reading it.
por Rajesh K•
Jan 13, 2020
Truly incredible course. It was rewarding experience to learn how our brain works. It opens many doors in our life when we know how our brain works, at least we can understand why we have certain kind of feeling. As sometimes we can't understand why we have feeling of discomfort, but it is the brain's signal coming from the subconcious that you have messed up something and now you have to look up where you've goofed up and make it correct. What I have learned is that pain is incredibly powerful tool created by nature. I mean how can know if something bad happened to you if there's no pain(both physical and mental). It's a nature's way of grabing your attention to address that problem so now and next time you be careful and not repeat that mistake. Pain, anger and frustration are really powerful feelings that can do wonders in our life if you acknowledge their existence. It is the path towards the truth. Just like in one of the optional interview we've seen the pain of his grandmother's death due to Alzheimer motivated Nelson Dellis to become memory champion. This course is also helpful for the people who are dealing with Depression, Social Anxiety, PTSD, chronic fear and much more because when they are dealing with those problems it creates a lots of confusion as to why they have certain kind of feeling.
Internet is such an incredibly powerful tool if it is used smartly. I can't believe we have access to such a high quality material for free. Thank you Barbara Oakley ma'am, Terry Sejnowski sir, Coursera team and all the people who are associated with this course.
por Catherine v D•
Aug 13, 2015
Taking the Learning How to Learn class was one of the best decisions I've made in the past ten years regarding maintaining my skills current and relevant to my professional life in high tech. I used to fall prey to a sense of being perennially "behind" regarding the amount of technical knowledge I need to master for my work. Since my University days, my modus operandi used to be: repetition and brute force, i.e., more or less, cramming.
After this class, I now have a set of tools I can actually relate to. I can use them proficiently to learn smarter, retain information better, and foremost, understand what my particular "cues' are if procrastination gets in my way again. I cannot thank Drs Oakley and Sejnowski enough for the deliberate pace of this course: they carefully pared down its content, with luminously clear explanations often delivered with a down-to-earth approach sprinkled with humor.
I sincerely hope that this small message of gratitude will encourage whomever is "on the fence" to register for the course. By the way, by requesting a Certificate of Completion, I felt that I had"skin in the game,"I had a deadline to honor. Whether tired, or pressed for time, knowing that I had paid the modest sum for my Certificate encouraged me to make time for myself to go through each lesson carefully and learn the special vocabulary associated with these new tools.
Very best wishes to all, you will be so happy you took the time to go through the class!
Catherine von Dennefeld
Napa, CA
por Andrii N•
Nov 06, 2019
I'm really thankful to Barb & Terry for the course!
If you like me spending too much time for videos and reading loads of articles about productivity you might have kinda mess in the head about putting all the information in the right order. There are so many of them and you are, reasonably, could get lost in it!
Lucky me, I've tried the course and now, finally, the general picture of how to be more productive become clearer to me.
Here are some main reasons why you need to try the course (whatever you feeling confident in learning or not):
1. First of all, it is all about how closely connected neuroscience and learning (+other life aspects) – everything has scientific proof of why is it reasonable to act this way not the other one. And yet it's not a dogma (because loads of things we need to discover so far), but the ideas and techniques which were presented in the course are really reasonable and perspective.
2. The second important reason why it is a great idea to enroll the course – is about concepts and ideas of how to deal with procrastination – the boss-devil of nowadays, I might say.
3. Also I really enjoy the way of simplicity and openness of how Barb presented every piece of information adding examples and being funny (but concrete!) all the time.
I'm not putting a big review in here but saying what I found the most useful for me from the course. So try the course and share your own thoughts about it! I'm sure you will not regret it :)
Good luck to all and happy learning! :) Andrew
por Hugo A A O•
Jun 26, 2017
At the very beginning the course seemed somehow easy and pretty basic. Nonetheless, once that you start understanding the biological reason about how and why we learn, you get the feeling that this course will definitively change your life. And that is exactly what has happened to me. Before this course I had the illusion that what I was doing was normal, I mean the way in which I was accustomed to learn. However, I had that sense that something was wrong with my approach. It turns out that my intuition was right because I was completely wasting my time while rereading or highlighting the material all the time, just to give you an example.
Additionally, I knew that procrastination could affect your life and your productivity in a way that you do not catch until you start getting anxious, for instance. Therefore a simple technique like the pomodoro, which I have been using during the last month, has been enormously beneficial for your studying and productivity.
Furthermore, there are some techniques like the memory palace, or the use of metaphors and analogies that will definitively ease your job while learning any subject.
Apart from that, understanding how your brain works and why you have certain behavior under certain circumstances, will change the way that you process any new information and it will boost your cognitive abilities up.
Please, give it a try, then you will understand what I have written here.
Learning how to learn, in my opinion, is a must, not an option.
Happy journey.
por Lê Đ T•
Dec 05, 2019
Since the original book "A Mind for Numbers" written by Dr. Barbara Oakley came out some years ago alongside the other books and studies, if you have been highly interested in learning method you might see the ideas in this course whether via books or online like I did. In spite of the fact that there rarely was a totally new method I got to know, it was great to see all the brilliant ideas in one place with supportive references so I don't need to worry about false myths and unreasonable remedies.
The lecture is about learning, and the best point of this lecture is that it is about not only 'study' itself but also things for a better study such as preventing procrastination and test-taking tips. Dr. Barbara also gives you some mindful advice for learning to help you not to be afraid of taking a new step and not to judge your own ability and give up too early and too easily. Personally, I do not like most of the self-help books which point out all the problem could be changed if you think differently. However, her lecture was a bit different since she actually helps you find a better perspective on your problem and let you know it is not only you who have the same problem and it is able to be solved.
You could finish this course without paying option and there are honour contents that will give you further understanding and extra recognition for the course. There is no doubt that by having this course I would be better prepared for my further study.
por Njavig•
Dec 02, 2017
Since the original book "A Mind for Numbers" written by Dr. Barbara Oakley came out some years ago alongside the other books and studies, if you have been highly interested in learning method you might see the ideas in this course whether via books or online like I did. In spite of the fact that there rarely was a totally new method I got to know, it was great to see all the brilliant ideas in one place with supportive references so I don't need to worry about false myths and unreasonable remedies.
The lecture is about learning, and the best point of this lecture is that it is about not only 'study' itself but also things for a better study such as preventing procrastination and test-taking tips. Dr. Barbara also gives you some mindful advice for learning to help you not to be afraid of taking a new step and not to judge your own ability and give up too early and too easily. Personally, I do not like most of the self-help books which point out all the problem could be changed if you think differently. However, her lecture was a bit different since she actually helps you find a better perspective on your problem and let you know it is not only you who have the same problem and it is able to be solved.
You could finish this course without paying option and there are honor contents that will give you further understanding and extra recognition for the course. There is no doubt that by having this course I would be better prepared for my further study.
por Darious N•
Jan 19, 2019
GREAT COURSE: Are you a passionate learner but sometimes feel that you could do better with your learning? Well, this course could do magic for you. I have loved every bit of the course from the moment I signed up. It has given me an opportunity on reflect on my learning and the effectiveness of the methods I use. The course takes a deep look into how the brain works and how we can make our brains better because brains are the part of the body responsible for our learning. The facilitators especially Terry made me feel like I have studied the brain for loving. Barbara keeps on provide valuable techniques for learning which i surely wouldn't have known if I didn't take this course. Thanks for those tips. As a result of this course, I am sure that my learning and study time is going to be more enjoyable and I hope to improve my grades in my masters study because the techniques and tips from here can not leave you the same. Same of bad habits like procrastination and last minute study we tackled and ideas to overcome them provided. Who am I to remain the same? I am truly grateful to God that I found this course. A big thank you to the facilitators once again and Coursera for this Knowledge. I highly recommend anyone looking to improve their learning methods to start with this course if he/she has not done it. If you are indeed passionate about learning, this course could do all the Magics for you. Thank you
por Steve S•
Dec 10, 2018
I can't even begin to describe how helpful this course was for me. In school, I thought I had a learning disability. My reading comprehension was poor, my memory was not that great. I had terrible study habits.
I didn't do that great at tests...
What this course has helped me conclude is that, I just didn't know how to learn very well. In fact, I don't think schools teach this enough to students when they are learning to form their "very first chunks".
Barbara Oakley and Dr. Terry Sejnowski have broken down the learning process and have explained it in a very simple way, using a ton of visual examples, (which by the way is a great way to retain information) and have given me a deeper understanding of using creative learning techniques to simply learning better.
They are also very passionate and excited about teaching and that makes a huge difference. They are wonderful instructors and enjoy what they do. It shows in their lectures and course material. Their videos are funny and it just made everything so much more enjoyable.
My biggest take away from this course is that you can use science to explain how something works, but learning - that's where it becomes personal. It is a journey that is special to you, that is unique to you and only you. And if you know how to do it better, you're rewarding yourself, and you will enjoy everything you do and learn much better moving forward in your life.
Take this class. I loved it!
por Kristoffer H•
Apr 17, 2017
This is an excellent course on learning how to learn. The videos are engaging and lively, and the instructors have an interest in the subject that rubs off on you. Dr. Oakley in particular manages to teach the material in a vibrant and lively way, although such things are a bit subjective so you may or may not appreciate her style as much as I did. Dr. Sejnowski, while clearly engaged and inspiring, seemed uncomfortable and at times a bit stuttering in front of the camera. On the other hand, I am in the second week of the companion course "Mindshift" now, and he is much more comfortable there.
One of the important points in this course is active learning. The team behind the course have eaten their own dogfood by providing a lot of quizzes, polls, and pauses for freestyle reflection (text-boxes) for the student to test their knowledge of the material, as well as reflect on it. The "honors" assignments provide even more opportunities for learners to reflect and consolidate their knowledge.
All videos are well-cited, and each module has a healthy dose of optional readings, as well as optional videos. On the whole I feel that this optional material has given me good pointers for further self-study, as well as helping me to relate what I've learned in this course with other resources that are unaffiliated with this course.
Disclaimer: This is only the first course I've finished on Coursera.
por Andrzej K•
Nov 13, 2016
I am not sure if the course will help me in any degree but that is solely due to my laziness, low self-esteem and year long struggle with depression. However, with regards to the course itself, I think it can be very usefull. A lot of the learing tips seem common sense but for me it was very important that all of them were supported by science , not only the kind of advice that any person could give you. I can only regeret that I did not take a similar course when at school or at the universtiy. I am sure I will use, or at least try to use, some of the techniques and do more reading on the subject (using both the Web and the publications mentioned throughout the course of the lectures). In my opinion, the fact that the lectures are divided into rather short segments is beneficial as it helps to go through the course even without having much time and incresaes motivation to continue, as one is not faced with having to listen for a lecture for an hour or so. I often found myself only plannig to view one short videos and ending up in wieving a couple one after another, not noticing how much time passed. Finally, I think that both of the lecturers are a great benefit of the course as they bring a lot of enthusiasm and good will and seemed people I would like to know in person (or at least that was my impression).
Greetings and thanks from Poland to both of them!
por Kate A•
Dec 21, 2017
I took this class before beginning completion of a formal bachelors degree at an online university. It's been 13 years since I went to college and quit, and since it's so much more expensive now than it was, I wanted to make sure my more mature and rusty brain would get the most out of it.
I'm really, really glad I did! I feel more confident that I'll be able to handle the workload when spring semester starts. Not only that, but I've learned quite a few good techniques to handle issues in daily life as well. I also recently received an ADD diagnosis, and these techniques are already helping me learn how to use my brain better.
The most impactful is her discussion on process vs product with procrastination, and the pomodoro technique. A lot of advice that I've previously read said to focus on a task until it is done, no matter how long it takes; which never really worked for me, and now I know it's because my brain is not wired for long focus on something I'm not deeply interested in. Using the pomodoro and process focus techniques, I can muster up 25 minutes of solid focus, while not letting the anxiety of getting it completed distract me for that time.
I would recommend this course to everyone. Let's face it, most of us probably aren't using our brains that well, and this course gives some great insights on how brains work, and how to use them better.
por Gizelle L•
Oct 01, 2017
I graduated from college 5 years ago and have been looking to get back into the swing of taking courses and studying to further my education, both for my career and leisure. But it's been a daunting prospect because it's been so long and I'm not in a regimented program (I work full time, so school is no longer the only thing in my life). My brother introduced me to Professor Barbara Oakley's work and suggested I take this MOOC as a "warm up", if you will, to not only help get me back into "student mode", but also gain a better understanding of how the process of learning works. I have to say, this course was well worth it! I learned a lot of valuable information, and the course has helped with some of my habits - I find myself recalling concepts like "chunking" and "Einstulling" in everyday life - and I plan on reading the optional material now that I've finished the course. The optional videos are also worth watching and help reinforce the ideas being taught in the primary lessons. I have to say that it wasn't easy taking this course - by Week 3 and 4 real life started creeping in and I found it difficult to keep to the schedule I had set for myself to "focus" on the material. But I dealt with it head on. The entire experience online and offline was worthwhile because this is how things are going to be for future courses I take.


text:
We would like to give a big shout out to all of those who have helped us over the last few busy weeks. Our album launch was a huge...Read More
The brand new Moriaty video for 'Dahmer Blues' is here, please have a watch and share around on social media....Read More
Hey our tune has been used as the new promo video for Nevs modelling agency in London. Check out this awesome video with some incredibly beautiful people bopping away...Read More

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Schulte, Rolf
Sherry, Fred
O'Neill, Richard
Blackwell, Virgil
Kibbey, Bridget
Tachouet, Marie
Kolkay, Peter
Truesdell, Mike
McAdams, Ryan
If you like this try these
- 01. Duettino (2008) for violin and cello4'53"
- 02. Figment IV (2007) for viola3'45"
- 03. Mnemosyne (2011) for violin 4'37"
- 04. String Trio (2011)6'54"
- 05. Rigmarole (2011) for bass clarinet and cello3'20"
- 06. Bariolage (1992) for harp5'19"
- 07. Trije Glasbeniki (2011) for flute, bass clarinet and harp3'42"
- 08. Double Trio (2011)10'10"
- 09. Retracing (2002) for bassoon1'59"
- 10. Figment V (2009) for marimba3'07"
- 11. Hiyoku (2001)) for 2 clarinets5'38"
- 12. A Sunbeam's Architecture: I4'18"
- 13. A Sunbeam's Architecture: II3'28"
- 14. A Sunbeam's Architecture: III1'21"
- 15. A Sunbeam's Architecture: IV0'53"
- 16. A Sunbeam's Architecture: V1'22"
- 17. A Sunbeam's Architecture: VI5'36"
- 18. 'Happy Birthday, Elliott'1'45"
- 19. On Carter: Tributes to Elliott Carter11'57"
Live concert DVD of Elliott Carter's 103rd birthday concert, 8 December 2011
Concert available as download here
• Features 4 world premieres (A Sunbeam's Architecture, String Trio, Mnemosyné, Rigmarole) - two of which were specially written for this concert.
• Features filmed tributes from leading British composers George Benjamin, Sir Harrison Birtwistle, Alexander Goehr, Oliver Knussen and Colin Matthews
• 24-page booklet with a personal tribute to Elliott from Colin Matthews, Fred Sherry (Artistic Director) and extensive programme notes and many rare photographs from Carter archive.
• The oldest work on this DVD was written when Carter was 83, and all the others post-date his 90th birthday
Rolf Schulte violin - Fred Sherry cello
Richard O'Neill viola - Virgil Blackwell bass clarinet
Bridget Kibbey harp - Marie Tachouet flute/ piccolo
Mike Truesdell percussion - Jim Pugh trombone
Peter Evans trumpet - Stephen Gosling piano
Stephen Taylor oboe - Peter Kolkay bassoon
Charles Neidich clarinet - Ayako Oshima clarinet
Nicholas Phan tenor
Ryan McAdams conductor
Fred Sherry Artistic Director
This DVD features 4 world premieres - String Trio, Mnemosyné, Rigmarole and the e.e.cummimgs song cycle A Sunbeam's Architecture - two of which were specially written for this concert. It also includes a short film of tributes to Carter and his music from leading British composers.
The accompanying booklet features memoirs of the concert from Artistic Director Fred Sherry, and of Elliott from Colin Matthews plus extensive programme notes and rare photographs from Carter archive.
Compatible with DVD players from any region
International Record Review - Outstanding Recording
BBC Music Magazine - Choice of the Month
''What an amazing valedictory event for the indefatigable centenarian. This thoughtfully produced DVD of the event also includes extras – footage of a post-tonal rendition of "Happy Birthday to You" with Carter, beaming, looking on; liner notes by John Link, Fred Sherry, and Colin Matthews; and a segment "On Carter," with filmed tributes by UK composers' Signal to Noise
'So many exemplary performances of this fundamentally challenging music ... tribute must be paid to the imperturbable cello playing of Fred Sherry and the eloquence of Rolf Schulte's violin, not only in his solo Mnemosyne but as chief line-carrier in the fizzing Double Trio' BBC Music Magazine
'It was the composer's wish that this concert be released by NMC and the absence of any British music is compensated for by the 12 minutes tributes (from George Benjamin, Harrison Birtwistle, Alexander Goehr, Oliver Knussen and Matthews himself) [...] as entertaining and affectionate a sequence of reminiscences as one could wish. A worthwhile conspectus and an event of first-rate music-making.' International Record Review
'What a treat it is to see Carter fêted in such a creative way and to see the composer's pleasure in the performances. […] an amazing testament to Carter's longevity and joie de vivre.' The Whole Note
'The performances by a cast of Carter devotees are flawless.' Gramophone
Supported by The Amphion Foundation, Inc.
This concert was made possible by the generous support of the following foundations and individuals:
Unbroken Chain Foundation
Peter Jay Sharp Foundation
Boosey & Hawkes
Ann and Harry Santen
Richard and Dee Wilson
Rosamond Bernier
Jean Stein
Pia Gilbert
Peggy and Ralph Brown
Paula S. Lawrence
Simon Freakley
Joel Chadabe
Robert Pounder
Francine Gray
All music by Elliott Carter
Published by Boosey & Hawkes
Artistic Director: Fred Sherry | Concert Producers: Carol Archer, Fred Sherry | Concert Executive Producer: Virgil Blackwell
Concert (Tracks 1 – 18):
DVD Creative Direction: Karen McLaughlin | DVD Producers: Fred Sherry, Carol Archer | DVD Editor: Jeffrey McLaughlin | DVD Graphics: Gregory MacDonald
On Carter (Track 19):
Producer & Editor: Tommy Pearson | Lighting Cameramen: Simon Douglas, Jason Hall
Special Thanks To: Phil Lesh, Zizi Mueller and Boosey & Hawkes, John Link, Ara Guzelimian, Joanna Trebelhorn and The Juilliard School , Marimba One, Musical Explorations Society, Inc.
This concert was videotaped on December 8, 2011 at the 92nd Street Y, New York, NY • www.92Y.org
DVD Executive Producer: The Amphion Foundation, Inc.
Executive Producer for NMC: Colin Matthews
Cover photo (still from DVD): Gregory Macdonald
Tracks 1-18 (P) 2013 The Amphion Foundation, Inc
Track 19 (P) 2013 NMC Recordings Ltd
© 2013 NMC Recordings Ltd


text:
Homemade custard
Prep: 10 mins Cook: 15 mins
Once you've cracked your own technique for silky smooth vanilla custard, you'll never go back to tinned
Nutrition and extra info
- Freezable
Nutrition: per serving
- kcal284
- fat20g
- saturates11g
- carbs22g
- sugars17g
- fibre0g
- protein5g
- salt0.1g
Save to My Good Food
- 200ml double cream
- 700ml whole milk
- 4 large egg yolks
- 3 tbsp cornflour
- 100g caster sugar
- 1 tsp vanilla extract
Put the cream and milk into a large pan and gently bring to just below boiling point. Meanwhile, in a large bowl, whisk the yolks, cornflour, sugar and vanilla. Gradually pour the hot milk mixture onto the sugar mixture, whisking constantly.
Wipe out the saucepan and pour the mixture back into it. Heat gently, stirring with a wooden spoon (see Steps 1 and 2, for stirring tips) until the custard is thickened, but before any lumps form. Eat hot or cold.
You may also like
Comments, questions and tips
Sign in or create your My Good Food account to join the discussion.
19th Jan, 2019
I just made this custard and it is so tasty! I thought that making custard was going to be really hard but it's not! I didn't halve the sugar and it tastes really great but you may want to if you don't like things which are too sweet. Definitely going to recommend this recipe to friends.
2nd Nov, 2018
I successfully made this but as stated before, the amount of sugar is wrong. You can't whisk 200g of sugar into four egg yolks! Having compared other recipes I would try 50g and see how that works. Also, for a thicker custard rather than a crème anglaise style I would use a little bit more cornflour.
1st May, 2018
I used this recipe to make good old fashioned banana custard for 3 people. I halved the quantities, used semi-skimmed milk and 80g sugar (although I could probably have used 60g). I sliced up 3 small very ripe bananas and added them to the hot custard for 5 minutes before serving up. Clean bowls all round!
30th Mar, 2018
This recipe is excellent - taste, texture, and ease of making. It gives a very smooth and velvety custard. The only change I would make is put a bit less sugar, say 100g instead of the 200g. If I had read the comments before making the custard I would have definitely put less sugar in. Like some others I too thought that 200g of sugar was a lot but I ignored my instinct. Nonetheless I would still give this recipe a 5-star rating.
23rd Sep, 2017
Hi MsD, We're glad you enjoyed the custard. Thanks for responding and experimenting. As you've discovered, this custard doesn't set but if you decide to make trifle with homemade custard again, we'd suggest using the following custard recipe which will: https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/strawberry-elderflower-trifle Thanks and enjoy! The Good Food Team.


text:
The Grand Baja Resort & Spa is located just minutes from the historic, colonial town of San Jose del Cabo with it's cobblestone streets, authentic Mexican ambience and delightful town square. Reminiscent of a Fijiian spa, the Grand Baja features shaded pathways which arch around lagoons, fountains, palm trees, giant desert cactuses and tropical gardens filled with multihued bougainvillea, wildflowers and other flora. indigenous to the arid region.Architecturally unique, the design of Grand Baja Resort in Los Cabos takes a holistic approach to design and features teak reclining chairs imported from Thailand which line the edge of the free form pool surrounded by cascading waterfalls and the sound of the Sea of Cortez crashing against the secluded yet pristine stretch of beach.The resort�s logo itself represents the union of the earth, sky and sea in a blazing Los Cabos sun that rises over the tail of a California grey whale which is flanked by two giant sea turtles, some of the region�s frequent return visitors.Several shaded treatment rooms specializing in organic, holistic therapies surrounded by tropical gardens sit on a �spa island� amid an aquamarine lagoon overlooking the hotel�s main restaurant, Chulavista. Two other specialty restaurants, including Romanza's Italian restaurant a margarita bar, and room service, provide enough variety in flavors and experiences to round out the exceptional dining at Grand Baja.Not only that, the unique and bonus-filled plan makes clear Grand Baja�s genuine commitment to service, value and client satisfaction.
(800) 524-5104
email: email@example.com
Grand Baja Resort Los Cabos Beach Resort and Spa was originally opened as an all inclusive resort along San Jose's famed All Inclusive row in San Jose del Cabo. In mid October 2005, the property became an all-suite resort filling a vital need for deluxe and spacous villa "suites" in San Jose del Cabo. Still offering the "Grand American Plan", the Grand Baja offers a wide range of restaurants and bars available either on an all inclusive basis or on an EP program.
(800) 524-5104 or email: email@example.com
Los Cabos All Inclusive Resorts is a division of Mexico Magico a company specializing in groups, weddings, tours and individual vacation packages to Cabo San Lucas, San Jose del Cabo and other regions of Los Cabos, Mexico. We offer the best rates at Cabo San Lucas Hotels, Cabo Luxury Resorts and Cabo's All Inclusive Properties. This site is dedicated to providing up to date information, special promotions and reviews of the major all inclusive resorts in Los Cabos. Including the El Presidente Intercontinental Resort, Dreams Los Cabos, Tesoro Cabo, Royal Solaris Los Cabos, Crown Plaza Resort, RIU Palace, Riu Santa Fe Cabo, Villa del Palmar Beach Resort & Spa, Villa del Arco and the Villa La Estancia.
For information and more information, call (800) 524-5104 or email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Website powered by Network Solutions®


text:
The rain fills
every hole in
the bricks,
making tiny
puddles, my
feet dry inside.
The rain fills
every hole in
the bricks,
making tiny
puddles, my
feet dry inside.
The street light
flowed wet
in the shimmering,
rainy night.
Sitting in the coffee
house waiting for my
"It was 1968, I invited
your father to speak
in Wisconsin." He said.
We were so young,
never thinking
those days would be
so long ago.
Turned towards my
opponent, you bring
me luck, my yellow
fish. Multiples of five
in dominos. Aces,
face cards and wild
card spreads fill
my hand in
rummy five hundred.
Five in a row and five
more in my sequence
of luck.
Being together under
the cold blue moon.
Fleecy clouds
scud across the
sky. A rosy halo,
bright stars appear
and disappear.
The snow fell
relentlessly all afternoon
and through the night.
The next morning
they closed school for
two days. Trucks
jack-knifed on the
freeway. Meetings
were canceled.
I built a
on the hood of
my car.
My wins almost magical.
I count, touching the space
between my piece and
my goal. I call it and
throw the dice. They
spin and fall my


text:
THOMASVILLE | Carleen Black Wagner, 91, of Yokeley Road, died Wednesday, Jan. 17, 2007, at Britthaven of Davidson.
The funeral will be at 3 p.m. Saturday at Fairview United Methodist Church, where she was a member, by the Rev. Dr. Robert Wiseman. Burial will follow in the church cemetery. The body will remain at J.C. Green and Sons Funeral Home in Thomasville until placed in the church 30 minutes prior to the service.
Mrs. Wagner was born Jan. 7, 1916, in Davidson County to James Carl Black and Teresa Veach Black. She was a homemaker and a teacher in the children's department at her church. She was a United Methodist Woman and received the Woman of the Year Award. She was a member of the Lydia Bible Class. In addition to her parents, she was preceded in death by her husband, James Elwood Wagner, on Oct. 25, 1996; a son, Joe Carl Wagner, on Sept. 22, 1955; a brother, Foy Black; and a sister, Zilphia B. Reece.
Surviving are her daughter, Elaine Hicks and her husband, Hollis, of Thomasville; one son, Wayne Wagner and his wife, Margaret, of Thomasville; one brother, Raymond H. Black of Thomasville; six grandchildren, Beverly Davis and her husband, Barry, Kathy Saintsing and her husband, Lynn, Keith Wagner, Wendell Wagner and his fianc�e, Anna, Tyson Hicks and his wife, Carrie, and Allan Hicks and his wife, Beth; and five great-grandchildren.
The family will receive friends from 6 to 8 tonight at the funeral home and other times at the home of her son, 1812 Old Greensboro Road.
Memorials may be directed to Fairview UMC Memorial Fund, 2876 Old Greensboro Road, Thomasville, NC 27360.
Online condolences may be sent to www.jcgreenandsons.com.
Carleen Black Wagner
THOMASVILLE | Carleen Black Wagner, 91, of Yokeley Road, died Wednesday, Jan. 17, 2007, at Britthaven of Davidson.


text: Other people with completely other problems Oct 17, 2016 17:43:37 GMT -5 Rhapsodee, JMX, and 5 more like this Quote Select PostDeselect PostLink to PostMemberGive GiftBack to Top Post by petrushka on Oct 17, 2016 17:43:37 GMT -5 I've been sitting here for days, if not weeks .... well for starters it was learning how to use SketchUp. So I can design my kitchen for our new house (and yes, my kitchen because I'm the one who cooks 29 days out of the month - because I love doing it) ... and of course, design after design needed to bechanged, because of other changes, and I'm in for yet another one. Well, maybe later. After all, the house will not be started on until March or so.But now, they are actually starting to build our workshop/garage building! 26th is the magic date. And, whileI am in no way prepared to go off-grid (not with 3 phase power at the gate!) I will put a big solar array onthe roof of the workshop - so we need to do this right, and straight away, because the power needs to belaid, and laid out ... and here I am, I am sure, my eyes must look like some bug-eyes by now, segmentedinto little squares, just from looking at pictures and reviews of solar panels .... not to mention that there isthe big decision to be made between string-inverter vs. micro-inverters.My head is spinning, my eyes feel like I've been rubbing them with sand.I think I just need to step back and take a day or two off, even though we really need to get moving on this.eep.


text:
Hywel Ceri Jones, a Welsh Government European adviser and long-standing Labour member, has left the party to join Plaid Cymru.
One of the Welsh Government's key European advisers has left the Labour party over its Brexit policy, opting instead to join Plaid Cymru.
Hywel Ceri Jones has been a key adviser to successive Welsh governments on European affairs and is currently a member of its European Advisory Group. From 2014-16 he was one of the three EU Funding Ambassadors to the Welsh Labour Government.
A leading figure in the European Commission from 1973 to 1998, Hywel Ceri Jones served as Director General for Education, Training and Youth Policy, Director of the Commission's Task Force for Human Resources, Education, Training and Youth, and Director General for Social Policy, Employment and Education.
He is particularly celebrated as the European Commission official responsible for the development and management of the Erasmus programme, among others.
Writing in the Western Mail, he has said that he has left Labour for Plaid Cymru over Jeremy Corbyn's lack of clarity over Brexit, and in particular his prevarication over holding a People's Vote.
He said that the policy that both Corbyn and Theresa May share would lead to the worst of all worlds.
Hywel Ceri Jones said:
"We would be OUT of the EU, but IN for a range of EU policies and programmes. And, moreover, we would have no seat at the European decision-making table. We would continue to pay into the EU budget for the benefits which both May and Corbyn claim they wish to retain for the UK, although they have been unable to agree between themselves precisely which they wish to advocate.
"Experience of the Brexit psychodrama has helped drive home to me a double message. First, there is little parity of esteem nor effective intergovernmental machinery between the four nations within the UK. And secondly, that the position of Wales will be severely damaged if any form of Brexit goes ahead.
"Plaid Cymru is unambiguously supporting a second public vote on Brexit, and is spelling out the downsides of any form of Brexit. I have joined Plaid Cymru because it is making the powerful case to remain an active member of the EU, pressing also for significant reform of the EU as well as of the UK itself."
Plaid Cymru leader Adam Price AM said:
"I've known Hywel Ceri personally for more than twenty years and am a great admirer of his contribution, not only to Welsh public life but also at the European level as the visionary behind the Erasmus Programme. I myself benefited from it as an exchange student to Germany in 1989.
"Hywel's decision to join us after decades of loyal support to the Labour Party reflects a widespread feeling amongst its members and supporters that Wales needs change, and that change is Plaid Cymru."


text:
The two most important magmatic differentiation series on Earth are the Fe-enriching tholeiitic series, which dominates the oceanic crust and island arcs, and the Fe-depleting calc-alkaline series, which dominates the continental crust and continental arcs. It is well known that calc-alkaline magmas are more oxidized when they erupt and are preferentially found in regions of thick crust, but why these quantities should be related remains unexplained. We use the redox-sensitive behavior of europium (Eu) in deep-seated, plagioclase-free arc cumulates to directly constrain the redox evolution of arc magmas at depth. Primitive arc cumulates have negative Eu anomalies, which, in the absence of plagioclase, can only be explained by Eu being partly reduced. We show that primitive arc magmas begin with low oxygen fugacities, similar to that of mid-ocean ridge basalts, but increase in oxygen fugacity by over two orders of magnitude during magmatic differentiation. This intracrustal oxidation is attended by Fe depletion coupled with fractionation of Fe-rich garnet. We conclude that garnet fractionation, owing to its preference for ferrous over ferric iron, results in simultaneous oxidation and Fe depletion of the magma. Favored at high pressure and water content, garnet fractionation explains the correlation between crustal thickness, oxygen fugacity, and the calc-alkaline character of arc magmas.
- Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.


text:
Return to Heads Up: Building Energy Efficiency newsletter
Volume 2, Issue 8
- ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager score now available for medical offices
- Energy benchmarking in medical office buildings leads to high energy performance
- Healthcare embraces energy benchmarking for big savings
- Calendar of events and other important dates
- Let us know what you think
ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager score now available for medical offices
Medical offices are the newest building type eligible for a 1-100 ENERGY STAR performance score in Canada. With the new score, owners and operators of medical offices can now quickly and easily see how the performance of their buildings stacks up against other medical office buildings in Canada.
The ENERGY STAR score provides a fair assessment of energy performance by comparing buildings' climates, weather and business activities. Using statistical analysis, ENERGY STAR predicts a building's energy use and then compares it to its actual energy use to yield a percentile performance ranking in relation to the national population. A score of 75 indicates that the building performs better than 75 percent of all medical offices nationwide. ENERGY STAR scores are based on data obtained from the Survey of Commercial and Institutional Energy Use - Buildings 2009.
The following information, in addition to basic tombstone data, including your postal code, is required for a medical office score:
- Building size
- Number of workers on the main shift
- Hours of operation per week
- Percent of the building that is cooled
- At least one full year of energy bill data
If your building is already registered in Portfolio Manager, you have probably already entered most of this information, so all you need to do is confirm that it's up to date. For the most accurate score, make sure that you replace any default values with your actual building information, and update your energy bill data at least quarterly.
Visit our Energy benchmarking for medical offices page for more information and resources to help you benchmark your medical office.
Energy benchmarking in medical office buildings leads to high energy performance
Medical offices are not only doing their part for public health, but also making headlines in energy efficiency. In the U.S., many have implemented energy saving measures using the ENERGY STAR program and Portfolio Manager with impressive results. The following three offices in the U.S. offer great examples of energy benchmarking and ideas for energy efficiency measures that could be applied elsewhere.
The Jonesville Eye Care building in Jonesville, Minnesota, was built with energy efficiency in mind. Constructed in 2004, the building features T-8 lighting, properly sized heating and cooling systems, and above-code insulation. Moreover, an energy monitoring plan ensures that the facility continues to operate efficiently.
The energy management team at Jonesville Eye Care started its journey in 2009 by assessing the building's energy baseline using ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager. At a baseline rating of 97, the building was already well above the national average, yet the team and staff continue to strive for higher energy efficiency goals—they are aiming to earn the ENERGY STAR for superior energy performance over the next few years.
As Michael Biddle, the owner of Jonesville Eye Care, notes, "energy efficiency has always been an important part of our business strategy, and we as an organization are constantly looking for opportunities to reduce our costs and energy use. Through monthly monitoring and reporting of our energy data, we plan to ensure that Jonesville Eye Care runs at high efficiency, allowing us the opportunity to earn the ENERGY STAR each year."
Dr. Diana Driscoll, who co-owns and manages Keller Parkway Properties in Keller, Texas, also took advantage of energy benchmarking to increase energy efficiency at her facility. Keller Parkway Properties, a medical office building, was already well-constructed, but there were still improvements to be made.
For example, solar screens were installed on the windows on the building's west side, additional insulation was added to another side, and window film was applied on windows on three sides of the building. In addition, efficient lighting was used for most of the building's lighting needs.
With the use of Portfolio Manager, Dr. Driscoll determined a baseline energy performance score of 83. She notes, however, that "we don't want to rest on our baseline reading — we plan to continue our efforts to improve the greening of our building, and to develop programs to make certain that the efficiencies are properly maintained." She and her team are already planning to add motion sensors to increase savings from lighting and to implement an HVAC filter replacement schedule.
Also in Texas is the Spring Branch Professional Building, which has been using Portfolio Manager since 2003. The medical office facility located in Houston is owned and managed by Healthcare Realty Services. Energy benchmarking of the building led the way for numerous efficiency measures.
Early on, existing T-12 lighting was retrofitted with T-8 technology. The building also has an exterior insulation and finish system, which improves insulation performance, and reduces heating and cooling loads. Moreover, the building is heated and cooled with 186 water-source heat pumps, which are actively maintained and replaced when required. Each pump is controlled by an individual thermostat, which is run at a constant temperature 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The company plans to install occupancy-based programmable thermostats on each pump to further increase savings.
Healthcare Realty Services also attributes the building's energy efficiency to its experienced maintenance staff, which champions preventative maintenance. Joyce Tyler, the building's property manager, says, "We have earned the ENERGY STAR in large part due to the participation and hard work of the employees. We have also been blessed with an administration that understands that capital investments into a facility can result in energy savings."
Visit the following resources for information on energy benchmarking and other topics to help you on your journey to energy efficiency:
- Energy benchmarking
- Energy efficiency for existing buildings
- Improve Your Building's Energy Performance: Energy Benchmarking Primer
- NRCan Training resources
- Energy benchmarking for medical offices
- Energy Management Best Practices Guide: For Commercial and Institutional Buildings
- Implementing an Energy Efficiency Awareness Program
- ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager: Join the energy benchmarking movement and start saving energy today
Healthcare embraces energy benchmarking for big savings
Healthcare facilities are becoming increasingly energy efficient by using energy benchmarking to identify savings opportunities requiring limited capital investments. One successful group is Greening Health Care (GHC), a Canada-wide collective of hospitals, which uses Performance Based Conservation to identify building systems or operational practices that contribute to poor energy performance.
Performance Based Conservation uses energy data to benchmark hospitals against similar facilities and to analyse utility data trends over time. To guide its members along the energy efficiency path, the GHC also offers webinars and workshops to facility managers so they can learn the ABCs of energy benchmarking and how significant savings can be achieved from smaller-scale projects.
The Grand River Hospital in Kitchener-Waterloo, for example, has lowered its annual energy use by 13.3 percent since 2012. Similarly, Muskoka Algonquin Healthcare has achieved energy savings of nearly $200,000 over the same time period. Strategies that increase energy efficiency in hospitals, particularly energy benchmarking, can also be applied to other healthcare facilities, such as medical office buildings.
GHC's approach is grounded in energy benchmarking because an understanding of an organization's energy consumption is the first step in the journey to significant energy savings. As Ian Jarvis, GHC's energy efficiency expert, says, "acting without listening to what the energy data is saying is like operating before the diagnosis." By establishing a baseline, healthcare facility managers can invest strategically in energy efficient upgrades and evaluate the effectiveness of implemented measures. Many healthcare facilities are already using ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager, a free, online tool that provides accurate Canadian building energy data and assessments for the commercial and institutional buildings sector.
Energy benchmarking can help make the business case for energy projects, inform energy efficiency goals, and provide motivation for action in energy improvement. It is an effective way to ensure ongoing improvement and is the starting point for any long-term energy management plan. Once benchmarking is integrated into an organization's culture, the benefits of additional energy management approaches become clear.
Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) offers an array of resources for healthcare facility managers to guide them to successful energy management:
- The Energy Benchmarking Primer is a comprehensive summary of the benefits of benchmarking, with case studies and testimonials from all sectors, including healthcare.
- Our Energy management training pages offer a wealth of information on and options for energy management training to help you ensure sustainable energy savings by increasing awareness of individuals who are responsible for energy use and staff in general. Training options include the Dollars to $ense workshops, which can be customized to specific sectors or facilities; training on CAN-QUEST (a building energy simulation software) and Portfolio Manager; and a host of external training programs.
- Our Energy management best practices section provides guidance on how to incorporate benchmarking, training and other recommended practices into your organization's operations. Check out the Energy Management Best Practices Guide for even more tools and information.
- Discover information on the Health Care Energy Leadership Program: an initiative of My Sustainable Canada and the Canadian Coalition for Green Health Care whose purpose is to promote energy efficiency at healthcare facilities across Canada.
Energy savings, at little or no cost, are available to facility managers/owners who embrace energy benchmarking and take advantage of the available resources. For more information on energy benchmarking, visit NRCan's Benchmarking site.
Calendar of events and other important dates
Building Operator Certification - Canadian Institute for Energy Training (CIET)
- Starting October 20, 2015 – Toronto, Ontario
- Starting November 4, 2015 – Calgary, Alberta and Halifax, Nova Scotia
- Starting November 18, 2015 - Vancouver, British Columbia and Winnipeg, Manitoba
- Starting November 24, 2015 – Québec, Québec (offered in French only)
- Eight-module, nine-day energy focused competency-based training and certification program
Energy Management Certificate Program
Offered in collaboration with Langara College in Vancouver
- Energy Monitoring
- October 17, 2015
- Energy Management Information Systems
- October 31, 2015
- Recommissioning
- November 14, 2015
- Energy Efficiency Financing
- November 28, 2015
To register, call the Continuing Studies Registration Office at 604-323-5322.
Let us know what you think
Heads Up: Building Energy Efficiency is published by Natural Resources Canada's Office of Energy Efficiency and distributed monthly to 16,000 subscribers. Our goal is to deliver meaningful news and information about programs, services and events related to energy efficiency in commercial and institutional buildings and, as well, to share the success stories of organizations that have benefited from positive change. Help us spread the word by sending this link to your colleagues. We encourage you to subscribe to our sister publication that focuses on energy efficiency in industrial facilities, Heads Up CIPEC.
We welcome reader feedback and are always interested in your story ideas.


text: danajokc Posted February 2, 2012 (edited) In an effort to improve the images on my blog, I built my own light box. Here's a blog about my efforts, includes photos of the box and some items that I used for practice shots. http://cottonginstudios.wordpress.com/2012/02/02/taking-better-photos/ Edited March 12, 2012 by danajokc Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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An education provider, designed to help those who have "fallen through the cracks", has urged more young people around...
The Consultancy Home Counties Ltd (TCHC) has won funding for its Skills and Growth Service from the Greater London...
Training providers, agencies and businesses from across the region came together for the launch of the My Future programme...
Why learners, employers and our partners love us
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17+ muster interne bewerbung anschreiben
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openSUSE:Packaging for transactional-updates
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This document describes requirements for RPMs to work together with transactional updates.
Transactional Update
Transactional updates are atomic. This means, either the update is fully applied without any error, or no change is made to the system. Additionally transactional upates should not influence the currently running processes. On openSUSE we achieve this by using btrfs with snapshots and rollback. But instead of creating a snapshot, updating the current system and rolling back if an error happened, we create a snapshot, update this snapshot, and do a "rollback" to that snapshot if no error occured. In this situation, not all data is available. Accessible is only the main root btrfs subvolume. All other subvolumes, which were created to prevent them from being rolled back, are not accessible during update of the RPM! This means, any file normally stored in these subvolumes cannot be accessed and modified, or new files created during update are not visible later in the running system. This includes especially the /srv, /opt and /var directories.
FHS 3.0 says about this directories:
- /opt is reserved for the installation of add-on application software packages.
- /srv contains site-specific data which is served by this system.
- /var contains variable data files. This includes spool directories and files, administrative and logging data, and transient and temporary files. It is specified here in order to make it possible to mount /usr read-only. Everything that once went into /usr that is written to during system operation (as opposed to installation and software maintenance) must be in /var.
- /var/lib holds state information pertaining to an application or the system. State information is data that programs modify while they run, and that pertains to one specific host. Users must never need to modify files in /var/lib to configure a package's operation, and the specific file hierarchy used to store the data must not be exposed to regular users.
Most of the openSUSE RPMs are fine and will not create any problems. Others need to be adjusted. Most of the changes are not only needed for transactional updates, but also for snapshots and rollback.
Data and applications
User data and applications need to be strictly separated. User data should be in another subvolume than the main root subvolume with the application. Applications should always be in the main root subvolume and not in other subvolumes. "/srv" is a real nightmare in this regard: it contains applications, user data and configuration files mixed up.
Pre/Post install sections
Applications modifying data or config files in the pre/post install sections need to be careful, where this data is located. If the data is in other subvolumes, the modifications should be done during the next reboot, e.g., with a systemd unit file. But be careful that the unit is only running once after the update and not with every reboot again.
Restarting services
Since the new/updated applications are not available in the running system, restarting any service does not make any sense, it will only interrupt the running services and start the old code again. The standard systemd macros take care of this and are fine.
If an RPM contains directories which are outside the root subvolume, these directories will also not be visible, same for changes of ownership or permissions. For /var and /srv we have a tool which reads the RPM database at boot time and creates missing directories. systemd-tmpfiles can be used to create new directories, for example, too.
Files in /var
RPMs should not package files in /var, as these files cannot be created, updated or deleted during installation, update or removal of that package. A better solution is to use systemd-tmpfiles to create these files:
- Store the files in a directory below /usr/share or /usr/lib
- Create a /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/<package>.conf file which copies or links the file to /var
An example (taken from ypserv) could look like:
d /var/yp 0755 - - - L /var/yp/Makefile - - - - ../../usr/lib/yp/ypMakefile L /var/yp/securenets - - - - ../../usr/lib/yp/securenets.example
%post %tmpfiles_create ypserv.conf
For more information, read the documentation for the tmpfiles configuration file format