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I write, I read, I teach writing, and I work as a freelance editor and manuscript critiquer. If I review books, it's from the perspective of a writer. My comments on teaching writing are all my own, garnered from being in the classroom and in workshops.
Thursday, June 09, 2011
How Has Your Bookbuying Changed?
I had a think about what I buy these days. I am buying less in the bookstore, for sure. Why? Because I have less money! Like many people in the past couple of years, what they call "discretionary spending" (stuff that is not rent or food) has shrunk for me and my husband. Not just because of the GEC but for other reasons, too. Such as my royalties shrinking (I guess that's GEC-related...) and the fact we have less income for other reasons. So I'm using my public library a lot more. Thank goodness for libraries! But I do love my local indie, the Sun Bookshop, and try to support other indies as well.
But when I looked at my online bookbuying pre-2010, not much has changed. What I buy online are mostly the kinds of books I can't get in bookstores here. Here is a list of what I tend to buy, and why:
* Writing books (like Plot vs Character that I bought recently after hearing about it from a friend) - for a while, Borders stocked a lot of these and then stopped.
* Poetry books (most bookstores here, even Borders at its best, had virtually no poetry I was interested in; Collected Works usually would have to order in, but they are the best).
* Old children's classics that I need for study.
* New children's and YA books that I know either won't be published here or will arrive here in about a year's time.
* New Zealand titles - Australian booksellers are terrible at stocking NZ books!
If I want a crime novel - my favourite recreational reading - I'll buy the ones I want to keep from bookstores and borrow the others from the library. The library is also great for trying out new authors. Who knew JD Robb's crime novels were set in 2060? Not me until I picked one off the library shelf. That's how I also discovered PJ Tracy.
But most of my online bookbuying is of books I can't easily buy in a bookstore here (if at all). They're overseas titles, or out of print. These purchases aren't taking anything away from my local booksellers. Yes, I do use bookdepository.co.uk a lot of the time, for the same reason. Australian online booksellers often don't have what I want, either. I go where I can get what I want, quickly, at a reasonable price.
Actually, my current gripe with Australian online booksellers is their freight costs for overseas customers. I've given up recommending any of them (Fishpond, Boomerang, Nile) to friends and interested readers in the USA and UK for Australian books, because they all charge between $20 and $30 postage! Our books are already more expensive than overseas. So a copy of Meet Rose (one of my titles from Our Australian Girl - Penguin) would cost my US friend $48! Can you blame me for buying a copy down the street and posting it to her for $3?
So how has your bookbuying changed? Are you into ebooks yet? Are you buying from overseas sellers, or sticking close to home?
9 comments:
- Linda Wyrill said...
I don't buy as many books as I would like to either, Sherryl. When I do buy a book I buy from local bookstores and tend to buy the work of Australian writers. Mainly as I love the experience of visiting a "bricks and mortar" bookshop. (And I love the work of contemporary Australian writers.) Online / on-screen reading doesn't cut it for me. I admit to a bit of a book buying frenzy lately, inspired by my panic that my favourite bookstores might be, as you say, killed by online bookbuying!
- 11:57 pm
- Sherryl said...
There's nothing like wandering through a good bookstore and finding something new or a new author that you then love! That's where bookshops come into their own - staff who can recommend. Amazon reviews aren't quite the same.
- 5:55 am
- Onesimus said...
I would prefer to buy my books from a book store. I love looking through the shelves. But clearly my tastes are too obscure because the books I want are rarely stocked.
I recently started ordering on line where I can obtain most of the books I want with no fuss for much cheaper.
I've written about my introduction to online buying on my own blog, and also give my thoughts on a big reason for the Borders and A & R troubles.
- 8:44 am
- Nardia said...
I find this topic a fascinating one as I often find myself on both sides of the fence.
On the one hand, I am a massive fan of good local indie store and second hand book stores however a comment that someone said to me recently has turned me away a bit from second hand book stores - that comment was 'writer's never see any royalties from the reselling of their book in a second hand book store' - I must confess I hadn't thought about it before, but as an aspiring writer it made me stop and think.
And then is my love for online shopping. I too love bookdepository and agree that Australian online bookstores charge an extraordinary amount for postage but seeing what has happened to Borders and A&R is really heartwrenching... especially for rural areas where I live... to lose our local A&R and Collins bookstore would be tragic - which is why I've taken to going back and supporting our local bricks and mortar stores....
I'll still use online bookstores for all the reasons that everyone else has mentioned - ie for overseas books or special orders, and I'll continue to trawl through second hand bookstores for my first edition Enid Blyton's and Rex Dixon Pocomoto books :)
I haven't taken to ebooks yet as I think I'm of the old school mentality where I need to have and feel a book 'in case it gets lost'. That said, I'll buy CD's from itunes so go figure.
Thanks Sherryl for posting on this topic :)
- 6:45 pm
- Sherryl said...
Onesimus - that's where online comes into its own, doesn't it? The out of print and obscure books that are out there somewhere - finding a site that sells exactly what you want is such a bonus!
Nadia - I know what you mean about secondhand books, but I think libraries are the same. If you can try a new author for free or for a small amount of money, you'll often then go looking for their newer books and buy them.
I was in my local indie today and saw a heap of Enid Blyton's on their classics shelf - I guess they're the reissues.
- 7:15 pm
- Nathan Luff said...
My buying habits are in the process of change.
If I want to read something but I know I won't want to keep it or reread it, I will purchase an ebook version. If I really want a book and it is not being released in Australia at the same time as overseas, I'll look for it online (I'm a very impatient person when it comes to things being out and other people having the opportunity to read it before me!)– but this rarely happens. And finally if it is a must have book I'll be there at my local indie on the day it is released, with my tongue hanging out.
This whole online debate for me has nothing to do with cost – I consider the rrp for books to be reasonable. If you compare the price of a new release to a night out on the town where money just disintegrates in your hand, it's really not much for a whole lot of entertainment and (depending on the author of course) not much of a headache afterwards.
- 2:20 pm
- Sherryl said...
Nathan - me, too. I also want to buy ebooks when it's not something I plan to keep. But I haven't coughed up for a decent ereader yet. The iPad is tempting but there's more competition now and Android is catching up.
I think when I buy the device, my ebooks purchases will increase.
- 7:07 pm
As an ex-Aussie, the news about A & R came as a shock - they were always a good sponsor of Gold Coast Writers Assn competitions. I still like curling up and page-turning with a good glass of wine - the ebook seems a little impersonal to me. But I am one of the very old school. In a little town called Petersfield, close to where I live in Hampshire, there is a bookshop in a very old building. Both the two elderly ladies running it admit they have no idea how many books they have or what they have. It is operated on an honesty system - books are lined in many old bookcases outside the shop, too. And that's where they stay, all day, all night, and whenever the shop is closed. There's a list on the wall of what you should pay for the books (anything from 10p). Strangely enough, taking into account today's 'modern' society, no-one steals the books, and the little tin is always full of money when the ladies open shop again. Inside and upstairs, their collection would make you drool, ancient naval history books, old books about mid-century music, and naturally, Mrs Beeton's Cookbook. I don't think 'the book' will be an extinct species for a long time, yet. Interesting comments, though.
- 5:25 am
- Sherryl said...
I want to come and live there! What a wonderful bookshop. I'm very envious!
- 8:23 am


text: Lower Alabama to Tallahassee. Watch this idea sink like a stone! I ain't gonna never go too fast again! (..for the most part ;-) Gonna take more pictures. Gonna maybe bring my fishin pole. Gonna stop to rest, eat, drink, jaw jack, and pee more often. Gonna walk up and down any streams or rivers encountered to study them a bit more carefully. Gonna ride at a pace where jeans, helmet, gloves, work boots, and a t-shirt will be "geared up". Not gonna rush. Not gonna care how cool or fast my bike is. Not gonna ride in a pack of 20 & 30 & 40 somebodys that are going to go black diamond. I'll stick to the intermediate slopes - thanks. If it's work - I'll pass. I do that 5 days a week. Where's my aleve and geritol? But hey - something stupid is always an option! (How's that for a Friday eve sorta pui? LOL) Never forget:

subset: commoncrawl


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This is not an offer for credit and should be used for estimation purposes only based on the information you provided. You should not base your decision on this estimate alone. Title, registration, tax and other fees, and personal circumstances such as employment status and personal credit history, were not considered in the calculations.
The Carryall 700 combines a bed that's nearly six feet (179 cm) long with a ¾ ton (680 kg) total vehicle capacity, making it ideal for hauling long, bulky loads. Club Car's renowned independent suspension and rack-and-pinion steering deliver a smooth ride, even when fully loaded. It's available in both gasoline and electric models.
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WASHINGTON, DC - U.S. Department of Energy researchers have won 36 of the 100 awards given out this year by R&D Magazine for the most outstanding technology developments with promising commercial potential. The coveted awards are presented annually in recognition of exceptional new products, processes, materials or software developed throughout the world and introduced into the market the previous year.
"I want to congratulate this year's R&D 100 award winners. The Department of Energy's national laboratories and sites are at the forefront of innovation, and it is gratifying to see their work recognized once again," said Energy Secretary Steven Chu. "The cutting-edge research and development done in our national labs and facilities is helping to meet our energy challenges, strengthen our national security and enhance our economic competitiveness."
These awards highlight some of the successes made by the Department's national laboratories in technology transfer, moving basic research results into commercial products.
This year, scientists and engineers from 13 DOE National Laboratories and facilities will receive awards. Since 1962, when R&D Magazine's annual competition began, DOE has been the recipient of over 800 R&D 100 awards in areas such as energy, national security and basic scientific applications.
R&D 100 awards are selected by an independent panel of judges based on the technical significance, uniqueness and usefulness of projects and technologies from across industry, government and academia. View the complete list of R&D100 awards.
A list of DOE's winning sites, technologies and corresponding press releases is below:
Argonne National Laboratory
- Integrated RF MEMS Switch/CMOS Device: These devices will enable the next generation of communications devices to more seamlessly handle data, voice, audio and video simultaneously while supporting multiple radio frequency systems operating in several different frequency bands ranging from megahertz to gigahertz.
- Advanced Ceramic Film Capacitors for Power Electronics in Electric Drive Vehicles: This technology substantially reduces the weight, volume and cost of capacitor materials of the inverters that will be used to power the motors of electric vehicles.
- Enhanced Renewable Methane Production System: This system is a low-cost process that accelerates biological methane production rates by at least fivefold. The system could enhance biological methane production at waste water treatment plants, farms and landfills, thereby addressing one of the largest barriers to the expansion of renewable methane - the naturally slow rate of production.
- Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) System for Remote Detection of Explosives and Chemicals: This system can be used for homeland security and defense applications to identify and locate toxic chemicals, roadside bombs, or special nuclear materials with high sensitivity and great selectivity for chemicals and explosives in an open-field environment. It can also be used for environmental monitoring, crime scene forensics and cargo and food inspections.
Read more about these projects from the release: Argonne wins four 'Oscars of Innovation' from R&D Magazine
Brookhaven National Laboratory
- Maia X-ray Microprobe Detector System (Maia): This non-destructive system, which is about a 1,000 times faster than previous methods, will enhance studies that use X-ray fluorescence, a powerful technique often used in the biological, environmental and geological sciences for measuring trace element concentrations in a sample.
- Multimodal Optical Nanoprobe (MON): The nanoprobe is used in a transmission electron microscope to measure numerous properties (optical, electrical, mechanical, and structural) of a sample simultaneously, in addition to imaging.
Read more about these projects at Brookhaven National Laboratory's Online Newsroom.
Idaho National Laboratory
- Rad-Release Chemical Decontamination Technology (Rad-Release): Rad-Release is a viscous foam that removes radioactive and concentrated metals from various surfaces. The technology allows contaminated buildings and equipment to become usable, is non-destructive, reduces workers' exposure to contaminated materials, and minimizes waste costs and volume.
- Impedance Measurement Box (IMB): IMB assesses the health of batteries with a well-engineered breakthrough that directly measures impedance during battery operation, an engineering feat never accomplished before.
Read more about these projects on Idaho National Laboratory's website.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Magnetic Resonance Microarray Imaging (MRMI): This technology images materials flowing through microfluidic "lab-on-a-chip" devices, and zooms in on microscopic objects of particular interest (such as medical, environmental or industrial fluids) with unprecedented spatial and time resolutions. It can quickly capture the results of hundreds or thousands of parallel assays on a single microfluidic chip.
- Nanostructured Antifogging Coatings: This technology is designed to provide a durable, nontoxic, antifogging and self-cleaning coating for architectural glass, windshields, eyewear and solar panels. Tests have shown it to be more transparent, last much longer (years compared to months) and cost less than competing antifogging technologies.
Read more about these projects from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's News Center.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Serrated Light Illumination for Deflection-Encoded Recording (SLIDER): This device is the world's fastest light deflector, deflecting a beam of light at the rate of one resolvable spot per trillionth of a second. In conjunction with an ordinary camera, the device can be used to record ultrafast events at timescales that have been largely unattainable in the past.
- Stack Trace Analysis Tool: This technology is a debugging tool for identifying errors in computer code running on supercomputers of a hundred thousand processor cores and more. It allows users to quickly locate in their code the most challenging bugs that emerge only at extreme scales and to get critical applications back up and running.
Read more about these projects at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's News Releases page.
Los Alamos National Laboratory
- TAPSS, or Trapped Annular Pressure Shrinking Spacer: TAPSS is a spacer fluid developed to help prevent catastrophes in offshore oil-well drilling. This new spacer is not difficult to use, does not greatly change the cost of production, is self-functioning and requires minimal time to install. LANL developed the fluid in collaboration with Chevron Energy Technology Company and Baker Hughes's Drilling Fluids Unit.
- Th-ING, Thorium Is Now Green: This technology is a straightforward, cost-effective, and safe method to produce thorium that may help make thorium become a practical and reliable source of energy for the future.
- NanoCluster Beacons: The Beacons are superior probes for detecting diseases such as cancers or sickle cell anemia. Inexpensive and easy to use, they allow for personalized medication, and can also be used in quantitative biology applications, such as counting individual molecules inside a cell.
Read more about these projects at Los Alamos National Laboratory's website.
National Energy Technology Laboratory
- APECS v2.0 with ANSYS® DesignXplorerTM and ROM Builder: This versatile, innovative, and powerful software toolkit makes it easier, faster, and cheaper to design next-generation power production and chemical processing plants with a high degree of confidence using advanced process/equipment co-simulation and comprehensive design optimization. Developed jointly by NETL and ANSYS Inc.
- Mn-Co Coating for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnects-This manganese-cobalt coating was specifically tailored for interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells. The coating was designed to prevent the "poisoning" of the fuel cells from evaporating chromium and is a step towards making these fuel cells commercially viable power source. Co-developed by NETL and West Virginia University.
- Novel Platinum/Chromium Alloy for the Manufacture of Improved Coronary Stents-This alloy is the first stainless steel formulation with significant concentration of a highly "radiopaque" element to be produced for the stent industry. By increasing the x-ray visibility of the stent inside a patient, the alloy solves a longstanding problem of poor visibility when using standard stainless steel stents. This better visibility means greater ease and precision of placement of the stent inside the patient's artery and less chance of damage to the artery. Jointly developed by NETL and Boston Scientific Corporation Inc.
Read more about these projects in the news release NETL Wins Three R&D 100 Awards.
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Flash Quantum Efficiency System (NREL's Real-Time Quantum Efficiency Technique/ Tau Science's FlashQET): This technology is a new way to assess the quality of solar cells at about 1,000 times faster than previous methods.
- Optical Cavity Furnace: This technology could revolutionize the solar cell manufacturing industry in the U.S. by producing higher quality and higher efficiency solar cells at a fraction of the cost of conventional, thermal ovens.
- Innovalight Silicon Ink for High-Efficiency Solar Cells: This is the first time that silicon has been sold in the marketplace as a liquid. It can improve the bottom line of a typical solar production plant by 20 percent, while boosting the efficiency of the cells by about 6 percent.
Read more about these projects in the news release Solar Research Earns Three Prestigious R&D 100 Awards.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- NextAire Packaged Gas Heat Pump: The gas heat pump technology is used to heat and cool small and medium sized buildings using fuel (typically natural gas) instead of electricity to power the compressor. It also significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
- Ultra-high Storage Density, Self-assembled, Magnetic Media: This technology demonstrated an ultrahigh density information storage approaching or exceeding one terabit (trillion bits) per square inch, which can be self-assembled at a low cost.
- Mesoporous carbon electrode for desalination: This novel technology makes it possible to desalinate large quantities of water more effectively than conventional technologies. It could make it possible for large numbers of the world's population to produce safe drinking water at a relatively low cost.
- Hydrogen safety sensor with nanostructured palladium cantilevers: This technology uses palladium particles to more efficiently detect hydrogen levels at a lower cost than the competition. Unlike sensors that use electricity to monitor for hydrogen, this new sensor does not pose a fire hazard and so can be used to monitor activities such as industrial building and rechargeable battery manufacturing.
- MADNESS software tool: the Multiresolution Adaptive Numerical Environment for Scientific Simulations, is a powerful computer platform that permits scientists and engineers to take on a variety of complex real-world problems, with assurance in the exactness of their results.
- CermaCladT: This technology quickly and cheaply fuses materials onto the internal and external surfaces of steel pipes and tubes as well as plates, sheets and bars in thin, strong cladding layers, producing casings that are resistant to chemical corrosion and can endure extreme pressure. This project was jointly submitted by MesoCoat Inc., EMTEC and ORNL
- New Stainless Steel Alloy Tooling For High Temperature Presses that Form Aircraft Components: This stainless steel alloy can be used to mold new commercial and military aircraft components, able to withstand higher temperatures than many of its competitors while still retaining its structural integrity during casting. This project was jointly submitted by Duraloy Technologies, Inc. and ORNL.
Read more about these projects on Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Recent News & Features page.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Array Detection Technology for Mass Spectrometry (ADT-MS): This adaption to mass spectrometers allows them to sample a wide range of masses simultaneously, rather than just one at a time. This saves time, simplifies analysis and significantly updates the detection capabilities of mass spectrometers.
- Dynaforge - A Solid-State Dynamic Powder Compaction Process for Production of High-Performance Tools and Dies: This technology eliminates a step in forming a manufacturing die into its desired shape, which makes the die stronger and reduces metal manufacturing costs.
Read more about these projects in the news release PNNL wins 2 R&D 100 Awards.
Sandia National Laboratories
- Ultra-high-voltage Silicon Carbide Thyristor: This semiconductor device allows next-generation "smart grid" power electronics system to be built up to ten times smaller and lighter than current silicon-based technologies. These packaged-power devices are the world's first commercially available, high-voltage, high-frequency, high-current, high-temperature, single-chip Silicon-Carbide based thyristors.
- Microresonator Filters and Frequency References: This Microresonator technology allows hundreds of acoustic filters and oscillators to be manufactured on a single integrated circuit chip and integrated with radio frequency (RF) transistor circuits. They will perform RF filtering and frequency synthesis functions in next-generation wireless handsets, cell phones, and other wireless devices, offering higher performance and frequency diversity in a smaller package and at a lower price than current technologies.
- Biomimetic Membranes for Water Purification: Biomimetic membranes are designed for water purification using reverse osmosis technology, which removes impurities from water with applied pressure powered by electrical energy. These membranes reject salts and larger solution components, thus creating drinkable water. The nanoporous biomimetic design enables high salt rejection and faster water flow at lower driving pressures than competing membranes, thus reducing the energy cost of desalination.
- Demand Response Inverter (DRI): The inverter is designed to reduce the levelized cost of energy from photovoltaic power by being more efficient, more reliable, and more cost-effective than currently available inverters in the market. This project was jointly submitted with Princeton Power Systems, Inc. and Sandia.
Read more about these projects from: Sandia Labs News Releases page.
Savannah River National Laboratory
- Porous Walled, Hollow Glass Microspheres: These microspheres are able to hold and release gases and other materials. Because they provide a protective environment for their contents, they can be used to hold reactive or flammable absorbents or stored materials, including solids, liquids or gases. This has the potential to provide a safe method of handling, storing or transporting a variety of difficult materials.
Read more about this project from: Savannah River National Laboratory's website.
Y-12 National Security Complex
- RonJohn: RonJohn is a versatile, environmentally safe solvent that easily strips acrylic sealer from concrete floors, turns urethane foam to slush and softens powder coating to gel.
Read more about this project on Y-12 National Security Complex's News page.
Media contact(s):
(202) 586-4940


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You recruit the best employees, support their training, and insist on the best equipment. Your business stands out because of your ASE certified staff and the quality reputation you've earned with your customers.
Now it's time to get all the attention you deserve for your commitment to excellence — through the ASE Blue Seal of Excellence Recognition Program. To qualify, your business must meet the specific criteria of one of the following categories:
Please note: All facilities that employ full-time service consultants and/or estimators must have at least one who is ASE certified. Service consultants must have current ASE Service Consultant (C1) certification and estimators must have current Damage Analysis & Estimating (B6) certification.
To read about program benefits click here.


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Anne Comeaux, the Assistant Director for Special Collections at the Briscoe Library, was recently certified as a Digital Archives Specialist (DAS) after completing nine required courses within 24 months and passing the comprehensive exam in February. The DAS curriculum and certification program was designed by the Society of American Archivists to provide archivists with the information and tools needed to manage the demands of born-digital records.
Knowledge gained in the program focuses on:
- the fragility of electronic records due to deterioration and obsolescence of format, software, and equipment
- the requirements, roles, and responsibilities related to digital archives
- recommended archival formats for preserving electronic records
- formulating policies and strategies for appraising, capturing, preserving, and providing access to digital collections
The University Archives is starting to receive born digital records, and university departments are increasingly converting or keeping records in electronic format. This will provide many challenges in the future for the preservation of these records for future researchers.
Tags: May 2015


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How Can I Know For Sure I Am Going to Heaven?
You must realize first that everyone is less perfect than the Holy God. We are all sinners and unable to save ourselves.
- For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God; Romans 3:23
- God says that even our good deeds are unclean in His sight. Our good deeds can never pay the price for our sin.
- But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away. Isaiah 64:6
The result and penalty of sin is death, which means separation from God forever.
- For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. Romans 6:23
- Because we have sinned, we all deserve to be separated from God forever. God hates sin because it separates us from Him; but, He loves us, the sinner.
- Heaven is a perfect place; therefore, no sin can enter there. Man must be perfect to gain entrance.
- And there shall in no wise enter into it any thing that defileth, neither whatsoever worketh abomination, or maketh a lie: but they which are written in the Lamb's book of life. Rev. 21:27
Man can do nothing to obtain the perfection God requires for Heaven.
- For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast. Eph. 2:8-9
- Salvation is only by God's grace. Grace means unmerited favor or undeserved mercy. A gift is not earned or paid for, otherwise it would not be a gift.
- But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness. Romans 4:5
Christ made a complete payment for all sin and offers His righteousness to us.
- For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him. 2 Cor. 5:21
- We have seen that we are all sinners and that the penalty of sin is eternal separation from God. We have also seen that God loves us and offers us the gift of eternal life. He requires only our belief, our trust in that payment.
- How could a holy God give eternal life to sinners? It is given only through His Son who died on the cross to make a full payment for all sin.
If you put your trust in Jesus Christ, God gives you eternal life! Jesus shed His blood on the cross and rose again. His death paid the complete penalty for your sin, and His resurrection shows God accepted that payment. This is good news.
- For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. John 3:16
- This verse does not say anything about you promising God good works in order to be saved. It doesn't mention joining a church or being baptized or even quitting all your sinning. The word believe means to trust, depend, or rely upon.
- Will you place your trust in Jesus Christ to save your soul? To trust Him means to rely totally on Him, not on your own good works. Will you do this right now?
If you have trusted Jesus Christ as your Savior, then you can know you have eternal life. God has promised this in His Word. We have complete assurance of eternal life.
- These things have I written unto you that believe on the name of the Son of God; that ye may know that ye have eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God. 1 John 5:13
- And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand. John 10:28
- Eternal life is guaranteed by God: "In hope of eternal life, which God, that cannot lie, promised before the world began;" Titus 1:2


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Langley Hotel Tango is hip and upscale, yet with a relaxed feel. Completely rebuilt in 2012 it now features spacious and luxurious rooms. It is the perfect hotel for the conscious skier, who truly cares about his/her accommodation. This is one of our best alp hotels.
With its unique character and inviting atmosphere, Tango is a popular and well-known hotel in Val Thorens. Built in the 1960's, it has historically been a hotspot amongst skiers and travelers in the Valley. Almost 60 years later, many things have changed; still however, Tango's significant role in the highest ski resort in Europe remains intact.
Perfect location
Due to its proximity to the slopes (ski in/ski out), as well as being situated in the center of Val Thorens, Tango is the ideal location to enjoy your alpine holiday. The large terrace offers a breathtaking view overlooking the snowy peaks in the far distance.
Rooms & Spa
The chic rooms are appealing to the eye, in addition to being comfortable. They are designed with smart features, and most of them are equipped with balconies. In the hotel's spa facility you are welcome to enjoy the sauna, steam room or perhaps one of our massage treatments. The hotel is suitable for guests in wheelchair.
The restaurant
The restaurant is a popular experience amongst our guests. Our menu offers a wide range of culinary influences that have been handpicked to please your appetite. In addition to our wine list, we offer you a range of handcrafted drinks in our cocktail bar to accompany your meal. We do our best to use local products to reduce our carbon emissions.
By reservation it is possible to get a packed lunch.
The popular bar
The bar has been a popular hangout for locals and tourists for as long as we can remember, and we also recommend you to swing by in the after-ski hours for the full experience.
Pets are welcome at the hotel for a fee. Due to the health legislation they are not allowed in the restaurant.
Reception is always open
Rue de la Boucle
73440 Val Thorens, Rhône-Alpes
+33 47 90 00 270
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
The hotel is open from 28/11/2019 to 16/03/2020
To help you truly relax during your skiing vacation we offer a wide selection of Spa treatments performed by our specialist Donna. Just book a time in the reception that suits you and meet Donna in the spa. She offeres massages, beauty treatments, body scrubs, hot stone treatments and much more.
A Scandinavian classic to cure sore muscles and aching bodies. Our Sauna is on from 15.30 and onwards in the afternoons and is available for all our guests at a small charge. This is a great way to wind down after a hard day in the slopes.
A steam room is great for those who might be a bit sensitive to the high temperatures of the Sauna but still would like the benefits. The steam room is available for all guests at a small charge and is turned on from 15.30 in the afternoon. Combining a treatment from Donna with some time in the steam room is a great way for your body to recover.
The restaurant is a cozy and friendly place to eat delicious meals. Our hotel restaurant in Val Thorens offers a rich well stocked buffet breakfast that will provide you the energy needed for a full day in the slopes.
At lunch we offer a selection of delicious meals ranging from our famous Tango burger to simpler sallads, there is something for everyone. Located with ski-in ski-out access the restaurant is very easy to access for a quick lunch.
Our dinners are inspired by the French and Scandinavian cuisines offering a sophisticated blend of flavours that will leave you wanting for more. You can chose our halfboard set menu option or choose from our well sorted á la carte. We are certain that whichever you choose will be to your liking.
Breakfast buffet:
Restaurant is open everyday:
The Tango bar of the Hotel is open throughout the day, ideal to enjoy your after ski refreshments on the sunny terrace or while listening to the live music. In the evening, Tango is the place to be with your friends enjoying a great cocktail, a cold beer or glass of wine, while listening to great music. The clientel ranges from the hotel guests to the local ski instructors, all are equally welcome.
The bar is open everyday
Since 1971 it has been the world's highest ski resort and has continued to grow ever since. Today it is a village filled with hotels, restaurants, bars and ski shops. A village bustling with life where the common denominator is a love for skiing.
The village is located at 2300m making it one of the most snow-safe skiing destinations in the Alps. It is part of the 3 Valleys ski area which includes the other two valleys Meribel and Courchevel. Together they form the world's largest connected ski area with over 600 km of groomed runs. In other words, you will struggle to see everything in a week even if you ski from sunrise to sunset... Perhaps that is one of the many reasons we have so many returning guests at Hotel Tango.
The village has a vast span of different bars and restaurants offering everything from a simple kebab to Michelin-class restaurants. There really is something for everyone in Val Thorens, whether you be a party animal or a kitchen connoisseur.
Our Hotel Tango is situated at the upper part of the resort, right at the top of the famous bar street. To access the lifts you just put on your skis right outside the lobby and ski down. When coming home the slope ends right opposite the hotel. Simple as can be.
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AM/FM go public: Basement tunes come up for air
The banking rumor for Philadelphia's AM/FM is that they never meant for their four-track songs to leave the basement. According to the story, friends heard, tapes were passed, label deals were made, albums were cut. After a warm reception at 2000's CMJ Festival, they decided to put all their energies into the transition to becoming a real live band. Accidentally classic.
They may not be the ABBA of disco or the AC/DC of rock, but what they do with their adopted acronym, they do well. The sound is unabashed indie pop. Duo Brian Sokel and Michael Parsell follow the canon of their genre, pinning together common features in new ways. Certain elements, like the dual-channel vocals of Built to Spill or Elliot Smith, the chant-sing delivery of Modest Mouse, and the falsetto dusting of Pavement la-la-las strike the fuzzy tones of familiarity. Their result is nothing overtly new; however, they somehow manage to transcend the simple sum of these parts and avoid sounding mind-numbingly derivative.
Too many modern complaints from too many bands can be overbearing; it's nice to hear a group whose energy is satisfied, well-fed, peaking in handclaps. Like label-mates Sunday's Best, AM/FM easily slings a catchy happiness. And judging by the boyish looks of the two principals, it would take only a clean oxford and clip-on to put them in the church pew or at brunch at the Boar's Head.
But what sets them apart from the yawners are the lyrics– slightly absurd and too dark for the wholesome, Ivory-soap harmonies. While listening to their 2000 album, Mutilate Us (case in point), I started envisioning synchronized dance routines on the Downtown Mall, mimes juggling flaming bowling pins, etc... Yes, strange stuff. In "Secretly Odds in Knowing Normal Worlds," for example, they admonish a young couple veering towards a Cronenberg-style death pact, "Shopping malls and mothballs / two figure eights in a couple of dates/ Broken dreams / Broken knees… sometimes love is better."
Maybe it's time to put that crazy little thing called thanatos out to pasture. AM/FM seem to be at the intersection of youthful exuberance and technical skill, and I can see a lot of people identifying with their nostalgia for a time when tire swings were more fun than failed first loves. I'm interested to see how they plan to put the richness of their basement studio dubbings on stage; given the current state of human cloning technology, I'm assuming the two will be enlisting some friends instead to help fill out the sound at Tokyo Rose on the September 16.
AM/FM join Gregor Samsa and Order of the Dying Orchid at Tokyo Rose Monday, September 16, at 10pm. $5.


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Chicago, IL (SportsNetwork.com) - Backup catcher John Baker pitched the 16th inning, then scored the winning run in the home half as the Chicago Cubs beat the Colorado Rockies, 4-3, in the second of a four-game set. Baker (1-0) allowed a one-out walk in the top of the 16th, but then got Cristhian Adames to hit into a 4-6-3 double play. With Tyler Matzek (2-5) on the mound, Baker walked and was moved over on a sac bunt from Emilio Bonifacio. Arismendy Alcantara was then hit by a pitch and Anthony Rizzo hit a bloop single to shallow left. Starlin Castro then lifted a fly ball to right that was caught, but Baker easily scored to end the marathon. At 6 hours and 27 minutes, it was the longest game, time-wise, in the history of both clubs. The contest didn't finish until around 1:30 a.m. local time. Bonifacio went 4-for-7 with a two-run home run and two runs scored, while Rizzo also drove in a run for the Cubs, who have won their past two. Justin Morneau was activated from the 15-day disabled list and drove in two. Nolan Arenado also had an RBI for the Rockies, who have dropped three straight. Colorado starter Jorge De La Rosa went six innings and gave up three runs on six hits with a walk and seven strikeouts, while Chicago starter Edwin Jackson allowed three runs on six hits in just four innings of work. Colorado had runners at second and third with one out in the 10th and DJ LeMahieu tried to lay down a bunt for the suicide squeeze, but missed the pitch and Morneau was caught in a rundown. LeMahieu then struck out to end the inning. Chicago also had a chance in the 10th, as Castro singled and moved to second on a sacrifice bunt. Welington Castillo then launched a pitch to center that had the looks of a game-winning hit, but Charlie Blackmon dove and made the fully-extended catch to keep the game going. The Rockies scored three runs in the first inning on an RBI double from Arenado and a two-run double by Morneau for a 3-0 lead. "You go 15 innings without scoring a run you don't deserve to win," Rockies manager Walt Weiss said. Chicago got one back in the home half of the first on an RBI single from Rizzo. The Cubs then tied the game in the fourth as Junior Lake was hit by a pitch and Bonifacio later launched his second home run of the season for a 3-3 game. Game Notes The last Chicago position player to pitch a game was Joe Mather in 2012 ... Colorado stranded 12 runners while Chicago left 16 men on base ... It was the most innings played in a game this season for Colorado, while Chicago matched a mark it set in its second game of the season.
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Videos | April 28, 2011
Voyager: Humanity's Farthest Journey
At the edge of the solar system.
Transcript:Ed Stone: We knew we were on a journey of discovery when we launched the Voyager spacecraft, but we had no idea how much there was to discover.
Ann Druyan: We had a sense that we knew what it felt like to be Magellan or Columbus.
Stone: Time after time we were surprised by seeing things that we had not expected or even imagined. From volcanoes erupting from the moon Io to the possibility of a liquid water ocean under the icy crust of Europa. Titan, where we found an atmosphere. Uranus' small moon Miranda, which had one of the most complex geologic surfaces we'd seen. Even at Neptune, Triton, 40 degrees above absolute zero, even there there were geysers erupting.
Suzy Dodd: It's the only spacecraft that's gone by Uranus. It's the only spacecraft that's gone by Neptune. Everything we know about those planets we know from Voyager.
Druyan: To see those first pictures coming in from the outer solar system, for the first time what had been a point of light in the sky was a place.
Dodd: I really credit the people that designed the mission, both the engineers and the mission planners and scientists because not only did they build an extremely robust, durable spacecraft,but they had the vision to send it on a path such that it could get out into interstellar space and carry a gold record.
Druyan: And here was this Noah's Ark of human culture that was being sent to the outer planets and then beyond to wander in the interstellar darkness for a billion years. On Valentine's Day 1990 Voyager 1 looked homeward. And what did it find? Not the frame-filling Apollo Earth, but, instead, that one-pixel Earth. That's here. That's home.
Stone: The Voyager spacecraft are in the outer layer of the heliosphere, the giant bubble the sun creates around itself with its supersonic wind. Voyager today is headed for the edge of interstellar space. That's the space between stars, and it's filled with material that has been injected by the explosion of stars,matter which came from a particular direction, creating a wind,which has shaped the bubble in which the solar system is surrounded.
Stone: Voyager really has changed our view of the solar system. This will be a milestone in space exploration: leaving the solar system,leaving the bubble and entering interstellar space for the first time.


text: AppUI Kits Sign In & Sign Up App UI Kit PSD Download Free Sign In & Sign Up App UI Kit PSD. In this awesome resource freebie you will find 2 free psd files which includes user Sign in and sign up app screens which can be used for any mobile app or website. You can easily adjust the colors... Download PSDSeptember 28, 2018


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KPF convinced their real estate client to not tear down the Iselin, NJ office park, but instead let them renovate it. Originally built in the 1980s, the dreary building was surrounded by parking lots and boring manicured lawns. When KPF got a hold of it, they added a new extension to the fourth floor, which juts out over the entry courtyard, acting as an urban garden room, a new space for socializing and enjoying the outdoors. Inspired by the nearby forest preserve, the new level is supported by a sturdy tree column. The designers also stripped the exterior and re-skinned it with a state-of-the-art curtain wall and upgraded the building's infrastructure.
Centra Metropark is conveniently located to take advantage of public transit as it is just a five minute walk away from the Amtrak and commuter rail line station. KPF also made huge improvements to the surrounding landscape, turned the lawns into grassy fields and added sunken gardens and a pyramidal landscape form, all of which help distinguish the building and give it a striking presence. The project is currently seeking LEED Platinum for this eco renovation.
The project was recently awarded an AIA National Chapter Honor Award as well as a 2013 Architizer A+ Jury Awardin the office low-rise category. In the AIA citation, the jury commented, "While the context is less than desirable, the impact that this building has on the parkway has resulted in improvements of neighboring structures, proving that design can have a ripple effect in an otherwise mundane context. This project is an excellent example of the value of creatively reusing existing buildings and their embodied energy in lieu of tearing down and building new."
Via Architizer
Images ©Michael Moran


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LOS ANGELES—The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the United States Attorney's Office for the Central District of California today announced federal charges against 12 defendants for a variety of federal narcotics and firearms violations as part of an Inland Empire investigation known as Operation Squeeze Play. Ten of the 12 defendants are in custody this morning, and two defendants are currently being sought by authorities.
In 2011, an FBI Safe Streets Task Force known as the San Bernardino Gang Impact Team, which consists of members from the FBI; the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF); the San Bernardino Police Department; and the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department, initiated an investigation into the criminal activities of several San Bernardino based criminal street gangs, including the California Garden Crips and the Delmann Heights Bloods. According to investigators, the California Garden Crips and the Delmann Heights Bloods street gangs play a major role in the distribution of illegal narcotics in and around the city of San Bernardino, California. The members and associates of the two gangs are believed to actively sell narcotics to further the influence of the gang.
"The Department of Justice is committed to aggressively pursuing gang members and narcotics traffickers that threaten the safety of our local communities," said United States Attorney André Birotte, Jr., whose office is handling the prosecution of the case. "The United States Attorney's Office will continue working together with our partners at both the federal and local levels in order to take these dangerous offenders off our streets. When violent crime and narcotics trafficking are reduced, then all of our communities and neighborhoods benefit."
A 42-page federal indictment based on the work of the Gang Impact Team was unveiled today, and it names seven defendants, all of whom are charged with conspiracy to distribute various illegal narcotics, including methamphetamine and crack cocaine. Three other defendants are named in a second criminal complaint, and two individuals are named in single-defendant criminal complaints. In total, Operation Squeeze Play has resulted in federal charges against 12 defendants.
"The activity alleged in the indictment outlines the vast reach of drug networks operating in and around the city of San Bernardino—activity that has perpetuated a gang culture among neighborhood youth and has fueled the spread of violence in the area," said Steven M. Martinez, Assistant Director in Charge of the FBI's Los Angeles Field Office. "Today's arrests by the Gang Impact Team will have a strong impact on the gang's influence and are a positive step toward restoring order to law-abiding citizens."
"Among those arrested during this morning's operation were gang members or associates identified based on persistent criminal activity that has plagued our streets for too long," said Robert Handy, Chief of the San Bernardino Police Department. "Today's operation demonstrates our commitment to the residents of San Bernardino who deserve to live without fear and to raise families in safe communities."
The federal indictment alleges 23 counts, and all seven defendants named in that indictment are charged with conspiracy to distribute methamphetamine, crack cocaine, and/or marijuana. Some of the defendants listed in the indictment and the three complaints are additionally charged with distribution of methamphetamine, possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine, distribution of crack cocaine, possession with intent to distribute crack cocaine, possession of a firearm in furtherance of a drug trafficking crime, and/or felon in possession of a firearm and ammunition.
If convicted, all seven defendants named in the indictment face potential maximum sentences of lifetime imprisonment and mandatory minimum sentences of at least five years of imprisonment. The five defendants charged by way of complaint potentially face maximum sentences of at least 40 years of imprisonment and mandatory minimum sentences of at least five years of imprisonment.
An indictment and a criminal complaint only contain allegations that a defendant has committed a crime. Every defendant is presumed to be innocent until proven guilty in court.
The following agencies provided support during the investigation and today's arrests: the FBI, DEA, ATF, San Bernardino Police Department, and San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department.
The federal charges are being prosecuted by the United States Attorney's Office. Those persons taken into custody this morning will be arraigned on the indictment and/or the complaints this afternoon in United States District Court in Riverside.


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South African Journal of Occupational Therapy
On-line version ISSN 2310-3833
Print version ISSN 0038-2337
S. Afr. j. occup. ther. vol.43 n.3 Pretoria Mar. 2013
A Clinical Skills Unit: Addressing the need for Continued Professional Development (CPD) in Allied Health Professions
Santie van VuurenI; Mariette NelII
IM occupational Therapy, PhD (Health Professions Education). Head: School for Allied Health Professions, and Senior Lecturer: Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
IIMMedSc. Lecturer, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
INTRODUCTION: The Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) monitors compulsory continuing professional development (CPD) to ensure that healthcare professionals update their knowledge and skills to the benefit of their clients. One of the objectives of the Clinical Skills Unit (CSU) in the School for Allied Health Professions at the University of the Free State (UFS) was to use it for CPD as part of a responsibility towards alumni. This study investigated the needs of qualified dieticians (DT), occupational therapists (OT) and physiotherapists (PT) to assist in the provision of relevant CPD activities at the Unit.
METHODS: A descriptive, comparative study was conducted. Two hundred and fifty-eight questionnaires were distributed in the Free State and Northern Cape provinces, to members of the professional groups mentioned above. To ensure reliability, 10% of the sample was re-tested after one month.
RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-seven professionals responded to the questionnaire, with 55.6% being from the Free State. CPD activities were attended in Bloemfontein by 65.9%. Most of the CPD activities (70.6%) attended prior to the study were theoretical in nature and 85% of respondents would have prefered to observe experts and learn by doing. Differences between the groups were significant for some of the questions, for example, dieticians preferred a large group didactic approach while the other professional groups prefered to observe experts and be involved in the learning process. All the professionals prefered CPD activities to be presented by an expert in their specific field of practise.
CONCLUSIONS: Taking into consideration the views of professionals and the results of international studies, the CSU at the UFS will be able to address the CPD needs of allied health professionals in the Free State and Northern Cape.
Keywords: clinical skills unit; continued professional development; allied health professions.
The importance of educating health professionals to keep up with the communities' changing needs was advocated nearly a century ago by Abraham Flexner1. The Alma Ata Declaration of 1978, the World Health Organisation (WHO)2 also put forward the view that health services should be more equitable and appropriate to the needs of the people. This view was confirmed, for South African healthcare workers, in the Cape Town Declaration of 19953.
One of the factors that affect the health services of a country is the human resources that are available to render these services. In a press release entitled World Health Report4,the WHO noted that health care workers, who lack the necessary training and knowledge, may be a major obstacle for health systems in the world. With the new health dispensation in South Africa, namely the imminent rollout of the National Health Service, not only will it be important to maintain skills, but also to learn new and innovative ways of delivering quality services, with a greater focus on preventative and promotive healthcare and orientated to the needs of the community.
Continuing Professional Development (CPD) comprises postgraduate clinical education aimed at engaging the practitioner in a lifelong process of learning5. The goal of CPD as described by Amerih6 supports the view of the WHO4, in that it continuously improves the quality of healthcare practice, providing opportunities for professional growth and maintaining up-to-date knowledge and skills. A statement on CPD for health and social practitioners in the United Kingdom7, clearly states that the purpose of CPD is to enhance the quality of care that patients and clients receive from their healthcare providers.
Woollard8 and Philips9 assert that it is the responsibility of higher education institutions (HEI's) not only to ensure that undergraduate students attain the minimum standard of education, but also, that alumni maintain the required minimum standards. In some countries, CPD is managed by a separate entity, for example, the Beeches Management Centre7 in the United Kingdom and the Mayo Clinic10 in the United States of America. According to Castleman,11the coordination and management of CPD activities by higher education institutions (HEIs) in South Africa vary considerably, with many institutions failing to acknowledge CPD as an integral part of their responsibility. The current scenario is that in most HEIs, CPD is decentralised to various professional groupings.
The monitoring of CPD is the responsibility of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA)12 and its constituent Professional Boards. In 2005, the HPCSA established an overarching CPD committee consisting of representation from all twelve Professional Boards. As a first step, the Health Professions Amendment Bill of 200613, Section 26, stated that the Council could make rules in terms of registration, the conditions related to registration and retaining registration, the nature and providers of CPD activities. After extensive research and consultation, the CPD framework was officially implemented in January 200712. It is mandatory for all practising health professionals, (including dieticians, physiotherapists and occupational therapists) to be registered with the HPCSA. It is the view of the Council that CPD plays a vital role in helping healthcare professionals acquire new and updated levels of knowledge, skills and ethical values. This view is shared by the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapy14 which recognises that access to and acquisition of current relevant and evidence-based knowledge, skills and behaviours are the key to the development and use of best practices in occupational therapy.
South African health professionals are, by law compelled to accumulate 60 Continuing Education Units (CEUs) in any given two-year period. Therefore, random audits are done to establish the compliance of registered members. Non compliance can lead to suspension of registration with the Council13.
Three of the programmes, namely dietetics and nutrition, occupational therapy and physiotherapy in the School for Allied Health Professions (SAHP), located in the University of the Free State (UFS) in Bloemfontein, South Africa, at the time of the study have to adhere to these regulations.
The results of an international study by Amerih6 reported that only 25% of occupational therapy (OT) respondents indicated that CDP activities were readily available, and that therapists in developed countries were more likely to participate in CPD activities than those in developing countries. CPD is also mandatory for physiotherapists in many countries and a range of formal and informal activities exist15. A study by Gunn16 supports evidence that CPD has an effect on the clinical practises of physiotherapists based in community primary care, and that undertaking CPD improves confidence as well as competence. A study by Martin et al.17 concluded that CPD existed to ensure that scientific information was accessible to all dieticians in South Africa and that this could only happen if a system existed that was supportive of learning opportunities. The HPCSA is, however, concerned about the percentage of non-compliance among health workers registered by the various Professional Boards. For example, according to the HPCSA only 32% of Dieticians18 and 29% of Occupational Therapists19 were CPD-compliant over the last few years.
Research by Van Vuuren and Nel20 on the value of a Clinical Skills Unit (CSU) led to the planning, construction and establishment of a CSU for the School for Allied Health Professions at the University of the Free State. The CSU is viewed as a facility in which students, physicians, nurses and other health professionals can learn clinical and communication skills, to a specific level of competence, prior to, and in coordination with patient contact21. The perceived vision and functions22 of the CSU at the School for Allied Health Professions were undergraduate clinical skills training, postgraduate clinical skills training (including CPD activities), community service, and student and staff wellness. After commissioning of the facility in 2011, strategies had to be developed to ensure that these functions were established. Dent23:406 asserted that "Clinical Skills Centres (CSC) must develop continuously if they are to respond to the current demands and future challenges" and continues his argument that if CSC's wanted to expand their activities, including the offering of CPD, they should:
(i) Be recognised as an independent entity;
(ii) engage an efficient management structure;
(iii) secure a substantial and reliable budget;
(iv) co-operate with academic standards committees (in this case the HPCSA and the South African Qualifications Authority [SAQA]);
(v) maintain good relations with other key stakeholders within the Faculty;
(vi) develop a recognised career structure that attracts and supports its teaching staff;
(vii) value the human resources at the centre and
(viii) remain approachable to everyone.
However, in order to utilise the full potential of a Clinical Skills Unit for CPD activities, Eraut24 noted that sufficient attention was rarely given to the identification of learning needs, the prioritisation of these needs and matching the needs to learning opportunities and activities in delivering CPD activities/programme. Grant25 argued that learning is more likely to lead to change when a needs assessment has been conducted and the education is linked to practice. Literature therefore supports the argument that establishing the learning needs and priorities of professionals is important before CPD is planned and offered. The investigation can be viewed as a necessary step to fully utilise the Clinical Skills Unit for CPD of allied health professionals.
Allied health professionals in central South Africa, especially the Free State and Northern Cape provinces, do not always, for a variety of reasons, have access to a range of CPD activities. In addition, at times they are required to attend such activities, sometimes at great cost, outside the provinces, to adhere to the expectations of the HPCSA. In the opinion of the first author who has been involved in the training of allied health professions in the Free State for more than thirty years, a high percentage of CPD activities focus on knowledge provision, usually in big groups rather than skills acquisition as well as limited provision for individual activities or the development of specific needs. In addition, very little research or exploration has been undertaken to ascertain what CPD activities allied health practitioners might like to have access to. As the University of the Free State and the CSU at the School for Allied Health Professions is currently the only Institution of Higher Education in both these vast rural provinces, it is crucial that the Institution and its entities should play a role in the provision of CPD.
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to investigate the CPD needs of the identified allied health professionals (occupational therapists, physiotherapists and dieticians,) in the Free State and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa. The data could then be used to develop a proposal for the offering of CPD activities within the CSU, at the School for Allied Health Professions.
The research design was of a descriptive nature26. A survey was undertaken by means of a self-administered questionnaire that collected information on the views of the identified allied health professionals. Approval to conduct the study was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State.
Study population and sampling
The HPCSA registers indicated that at the time of investigation, there were 138 occupational therapists, 169 working physiotherapists and 141 dieticians in the Free State and Northern Cape (448 in total.) All 448 of these professionals were contacted to participate in the study but only 258 practitioners could be tracked down according to the contact details on the lists. The administrative officer at the CSU continued to communicate with these practitioners to explain the purpose of the study, verify their details, their preferred manner of receiving communication and to enquire if they would also be willing to participate in a reliability test one month after all the questionnaires were returned.
Data Collection
The above mentioned questionnaire was developed from the lit-erature10-21,23 and the personal experience of the first author. This structured questionnaire included questions on: the background information of participants; the frequency of attending CPD activities; the places where they most frequently accessed CPD activities; topics that they wished to be covered to enable service delivery and when it was preferable for these to be scheduled. Before the questionnaires were sent out, a pilot study was conducted to ensure that the questions were unbiased and clear. The Heads of the Departments of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Nutrition and Dietetics, at the UFS were used to pilot test the questionnaire, to clarify questions and make suggestions on additional questions. The time needed to complete the questionnaire was also established. Changes made to the questionnaire included adding to some of the questions "any other comments" as well as clarifying a few of the questions.
Due to the vast geographical area of the Free State and Northern Cape provinces, a postal survey supplemented at times by, electronic mail and fax was conducted. Questionnaires sent by post included a franked envelope. The majority of participants preferred email as the means of communication. A telephone call to remind participants of outstanding questionnaires was made by the administrative officer two weeks after distribution of the questionnaire. All the participants who did not return their questionnaires were contacted again after one month.
Reliability was provided by re-testing 10% of the sample. The reliability questionnaires were sent to 13 professionals representing the three groups, one month after all the questionnaires were returned (n=127). They were selected to represent the groups proportionally.
The validity of this study is supported by the fact that CPD activities are currently compulsory for all the participants, and they should have had some previous experience of CPD activities.
Data analysis
The analysis of the data was done by the Department of Biostatis-tics, Faculty of Health Sciences, UFS. Descriptive statistics, namely frequencies and percentages for categorical data and medians and percentiles for continuous data, were calculated. Further statistical analysis was done by comparing the responses of the three different groups as well as the differences in the needs of the different age groups by means of 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the percentage difference.
The reliability questionnaires were compared with the questionnaires received earlier. When 20% or more of participants gave a different answer to a question it was deemed unreliable. Nine opinions to four questions were thus deemed unreliable and excluded from the analysis.
One hundred and twenty-seven questionnaires of a total of 258 questionnaires were received back, giving a response rate of 49% considered by the researchers as in keeping with a typical rate for mailed questionnaires27. Forty four percent (44.1 %) of respondents were occupational therapists (OT), 24.4% were dieticians (DT), and 31.5% physiotherapists (PT). Sixty-eight per cent (68.5%) of the participants had worked for a period of less than 10 years. The median period of working was five years, ranging from less than a year to a maximum of 44 years. The majority (71.7%) were working in the public sector. Their place of work was mainly situated in the larger urban areas of the Free State (55.6%) and Northern Cape (44.4%).
Approximately two thirds of the participants (65.9%) had attended CPD activities in Bloemfontein (the capital city in the Free State Province) in the past. Other places where activities were attended included Kimberley (18.3% of participants) and Johannesburg, Pretoria, and Cape Town (15.9% participants. Of these activities, 70.6% were mainly theoretical sessions. Almost all (97.6%) of the participants indicated they would prefer to attend skills sessions, rather than pure theory sessions. A 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to indicate differences between the professional groups was used to analyse the differences in response of the three professional groups.
Table 1 shows the participants' view with regard to preferred learning opportunities during CPD. The results depicted in the table 1 were fairly similar for all three professional groups, and the view was expressed that the activities should cater for both experienced and newly qualified professionals.
All the groups were positive about web-based activities 76.8% of occupational therapists indicated a need for a web page, compared to 74.2% of dieticians and 75% of physiotherapist's. A statistically significant difference was found on the following questions:
Organise an opportunity in which an expert assesses an individuals' skill on request. Differences were found between DT and PT [7.0%; 49.1%] as well as OT and PT [3.5%; 40.0%]; Record of CPD activities should be kept to ensure that a variety of topics are covered. The results showed the same tendency between OT and DT [-49.1% ; -10.7%] and Introduce an electronic newsletter to share information.A significant difference was found between OT and DT [-35.1% ; -2.2%] and DT and PT [5.4% ; 42.1%].
The results regarding specific skills that should be part of CPD activities as indicated by the participants are listed in Table 2 on page 44.
The results in Table 2 reflect the generic topics that allied health professionals want to be addressed during CPD. All the groups placed the highest priority (89.3% of OT; 74.2% of DT and 87.5% of PT) on the addressing of therapeutic intervention skills. A statistically significant difference was found between the different professions on the following questions: Interpersonal skills such as consultation:between DT and PT [6.0% ; 44.3%]), and OT and DT [-59.5% ; -19.2%]; and to educate family and care givers:the differences were between OT and DT [-47.0% ; -4.4%] and PT and OT [4.3%; 41.2%].
The majority of participants (85%) indicated that they would like to learn by doing and would prefer small workshops (89.8%) to learn their skills (see Table III).In the event of the seminar format being used, the theory should be presented by an expert on the topic. Participants working more than 10 years indicated a preference for individual learning activities (65%), compared to professionals working less than 10 years (34.48%.)
A statistically significant difference was found between the DT and PT with regard to observing experts applying procedures on standardised patients [-50.3%;-10.5%]). Observing the demonstration of professional skills by experts; for example, administration of standardised assessment skills:There were no statistical significant difference found between OT and DT [-8.6% ; 23.1%]; and DT and PT [-41.3%; -1.6%].
As shown in Table IV on page 44, a slight majority (59.8%) of respondents preferred to attend CPD activities on week days, while 18.1% preferred weekends. With regard to the three different groups, 42.5% of physiotherapists indicated a preference for activities on week days compared to 62.5% of occupational therapists and 77.4% of dieticians.
Apart from the main purpose of the CSU to train undergraduate students' skills, one of the other envisaged functions was also to provide for Continued Professional Development.
Non-compliance to CPD activities by dieticians, occupational therapists and physiotherapists has been noted as a concern, and will impact on the offering of quality healthcare in South African. Literature reports that non-compliance is higher among occupational therapists in developing countries6, like South Africa. However, limited information is available on the reasons for the non-compliance. Some of the reasons25 may be that limited attention is given to identifying practitioners learning needs, and prioritising and matching these in delivering CPD. In vast provinces such as the Free State and Northern Cape insufficient communication of CPD activities and updating their contacting details with the HPCSA may also play a role.
The results indicate that the participants have a specific view of CPD activities and suggested that specific topics for example, therapeutic interventions, are covered. In a study involving nurses and allied health professionals in the UK, participants placed emphasis on the importance of applying learning to practice. They were also of the opinion that this may be intuitive without formal measurement or documentation27. It underlines the importance of the results of this study where a formal opportunity was created to establish the focus of CPD from this group.
These results underpin the importance of covering a variety of topics relevant to the service needs during CPD. With the exception of the dieticians, participants preferred the format of the learning experience to be presented in small groups, rather than large formal lectures. According to the 2008-2009 annual report of the Health Professions Council (HPC) of the United Kingdom28, many professionals in the UK emphasised that formal didactic learning was not the only means to keep up-to-date. In terms of the way in which activities are presented, the results of this study correspond with the view of the NHS29 that the focus should be on practical experience, and skills units that simulate learning through practise are becoming more commonplace and should be encouraged.
Participants with more than ten years of experience indicated a need for individually structured activities to develop or recap their skills. Literature supports an emerging difference in CPD needs and provision among specialist (ex. more experienced) and more junior staff30.
All the participants were of the opinion that they wanted experts in their field of practice to present CPD activities. They would welcome the development of electronic media to communicate CPD activities, make online requests for activities and register for these activities. Also to enable the sharing of opinions and asking for advice and guidance. This concurs with the view of Dent 23 that a CSC should be approachable to those in need of additional help. The results showed that practitioners would prefer a different approach to the majority of current activities by using more practical learning that focuses on skills. These results are similar to the view of Austin31 on CPD.
Most of the participants indicated that they have come to Bloemfontein for CPD in the past, so the CSU is well situated at the University of the Free State. The CSU was planned for the use of all the allied health professionals in the School of Allied Health Professions at the UFS. The unit is staffed with a manager, administrative assistants, technical assistants for set-ups, has state of the art equipment, information technology facilities, and an outdoor area where training of specific outdoor skills can take place.
In keeping with Dent's23 view on what a CSU should offer, the CSU at the School for Allied Health Professions is well placed to address the CPD needs as expressed by the participants of this study. Dent23 recommended that a CSU should be a separate entity. The CSU at the UFS is a separate entity and serves all the programmes within the School. Further, the unit is managed by its own complement of staff under the leadership of the Head of the School. Another recommendation24 is that it should maintain good relations with other key sections within the Faculty. The Faculty of Health Sciences has formed an interest group within the faculty with representation from the skills/simulation unit of the SAHP Schools of Medicine and Nursing to enable collaboration and sharing between the Schools.
With reference to the results reported here, the unit has the facilities and resources to (i) address the needs of "learning while practising"; staff are employed to do practical set-ups according to the presenters needs; (ii) host small workshops/seminars; the floor space of the unit has been designed to easily be altered or changed according to specific needs; (iii) allow for the opportunity to observe or learn from experts; (iv) make use of multimedia; the unit, for example, has its own computer laboratory and audiovisual equipment; and (vi) perform activities in small groups or on an individual basis.
The results of this study will not only give direction to the various professional groups responsible for CPD, but ensure that the CSU becomes a place that draws professionals to activities of quality, in order to comply with CPD. In addition, this will hopefully see a move away from pure gathering of the required CPUs points, but rather afford practitioners the time and space to learn and master new skills and knowledge.
Quality assurance measures are also compulsory for all departments and unit at the UFS and regularly monitored. The Liaison group of the Health Professions Council UK28 recognised that the quality of CPD activities was in many instances more important to maintain high standards in practice, than the quantity of CPD undertaken. It is recommended that peer evaluation of the activities and the organisation, administration and management of the activities is implemented to adhere to quality assurance measures at the CSU. Furthermore, the CSU can implement and ensure quality assurance for example peer and expert evaluation of all activities, which is a priority.
Implications for practice
The CSU should consider developing a web-based environment to offer information of CPD activities, other practice-related enquiries and offer activities applicable according to indicated needs of the different professional groups. Expert presenters should be invited to present CPD activities and these presentations and demonstrations should focus on skills and these could be streamed live to give access to health professionals. CPD activities should be hosted in small workshops, seminars or discussion groups. A well equipped unit such as the CSU can bring about the opportunity for evidence based professional- and educational research, as well as inter professional research.
While there is evidence of non-compliance to CDP by allied health professionals in South Africa, the reasons are currently unknown especially for the practitioners in the Free State and Northern Cape provinces. The building of the CSU at the SAHP also envisioned the provision of CPD activities, but the view of practitioners was needed to ensure that their needs were met. Results of the study showed that the CSU at the UFS has the potential to address the CPD needs of allied health professionals in the Free State and Northern Cape.
Dr. Daleen Struwig, medical writer, Faculty of Health Sciences, UFS, for assistance with technical and editorial preparation of the manuscript.
1. Flexner A. Medical education in the United States and Canada. A report to the Carnegie Foundation for the advancement of teaching. Boston: D B Updike, The Merry mount Press, 1910. http://www.carnegiefoundation.org/sites/default/files/elibrary/Carnegie-Flexner_Report.pdf. (28 June 2010). [ Links ]
2. Wilm S. The context of the 1988 Edinburgh Declaration of the WFME in Health Policy - Health for all by the year 2000. Frankfurt: Institute for General Practise and Family Medicine. [ Links ]
3. World Federation for Medical Education (WFME). African Regional Conference on Medical Education: Cape Town Declaration. Cape Town: World Federation for Medical Education, 1995. [ Links ]
4. WHO (World Health organisation). World Health Report outlines need for more investment in health workforce to improve working conditions, revitalize training institutions and anticipate future challenges. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2006a. [ Links ]
5. HPCSA (Health Professions Council of South Africa). Global challenges in continuing professional development. South Africa: HPCSA CPD Committee, 2010. [ Links ]
6. Amerih H. International occupational therapists' continuing education needs and opportunities: a survey. Open Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2013; 1,2: 1-3. [ Links ]
7. Beeches Management Centre. Allied Health Professions. Centre for Professional Development - Newsletter. First edition. 2003. http://www.dhsspsni/ahp_cpd_newsletter.pdf (7 May 2012). [ Links ]
8. Woollard RF. Caring for a common future: medical schools' social accountability. Medical Education, 2006; 40: 301-313. [ Links ]
9. Phillips A. Allied Health Professions: Centre for Professional Development. Newsletter. 2003. email@example.com (10 Dec 2010). [ Links ]
10. Mayo School of Continuous Professional Development (MSCPD). http:www.mayo.edu/cme/ (7 May 2012). [ Links ]
11. Castleman EM. A model to manage continuous professional development for the alumni of a private higher education institution. Thesis: PhD in Health Sciences Education. Bloemfontein: University of the Free State, 2007. [ Links ]
12. Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Continued Professional Development. http://www.hpcsa.co.za/cpd-overview.php (28 June 2010). [ Links ]
13. Republic of South Africa. Health Professions Amended Bill. Government Gazette No. 28754 of 28 April 2006. Pretoria, 2006 [ Links ]
14. Canadian Association of Occupational Therapy (CAOT). CAOT Position statement on continuing professional development. 2006. www.caot.ca/default.asp?pageID=153 (26 March 2010). [ Links ]
15. French HP Dowds J. An overview of continuing professional development in physiotherapy. Physiotherapy, 2008; 94: 190-197. [ Links ]
16. Gunn H. 2009. Continuing professional development of physiotherapists based in community primary care trusts: a qualitative study investigating perceptions, experiences and outcomes. Physiotherapy, 2009; 95: 209-214. [ Links ]
17. Martin C, Labadarios D, Marais D, Wentzel-Viljoen E. Dietician's perceptions of the continuing professional development system in South Africa. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2008; 21: 27-33. [ Links ]
18. HPCSA (Health Professions Council of South Africa) 2011. Dietetics and Nutrition Newsletter. www.hpcsa.co.za/downloads/news/dietetics/newsletter_20ll.pdf. (24/04/2013) [ Links ]
19. Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). OCP News, August 2012. [ Links ]
20. Van Vuuren S, Nel M. Clinical skills centre: possibilities for the training of South African occupational therapists. South African journal of Occupational Therapy, 2010; 40: 3. [ Links ]
21. Sebiany AM. New trends in medical education. The clinical skills laboratories. Saudi Medical Journal, 2003; 24:1043-1047. [ Links ]
22. Van Vuuren S, Moja LVM, Viljoen M. School for Allied Health Professions: Clinical Training Grant (Higher Education Institution). Proposal for funding. Bloemfontein: University of the Free State, 2011. [unpublished] [ Links ]
23. Dent JA. Adding more to the pie: the expanding activities of a clinical skills centre. Journal of Royal Society of Medicine, 2002; 95: 406-410. [ Links ]
24. Eraut M. Do continuing professional development models promote one-dimensional learning? Medical Education, 2001; 35: 8-11. [ Links ]
25. Grant J. Learning needs assessment: assessing the needs. British Journal of Medicine, 2002; 324: 156-159. [ Links ]
26. Maree K. First Steps in Research. Pretoria: Van Schaik, 2008. [ Links ]
27. Leedy PH, Omrod JE. Practical Research: Planning and Design. Ohio: Merrill Prentice Hall, 2001. [ Links ]
28. Health Professions Council, UK. Continuing Professional Development Annual Report 2008-2009. http://www.hpc_uk.org/assets/documents/10002019 (3 May 2013). [ Links ]
29. Department of Health, United Kingdom, NHS. Meeting the Challenge: A Strategy for the Allied Health Professional Development for Health and Social Practitioners. 2007. http://l78.239.l6l.l48/resources/20.pdf (7 May 20l2). [ Links ]
30. Haywood H, Pain H, Ryan S, Adams J. Continued Professional Development: Issues Raised by Nurses and Allied Health Professionals Working in Musculoskeletal Settings. Wiley Online Library, 2012. www.wileyonlinelibrary.com. (l May 2013. [ Links ])
31. Austin A, Glover MacLeod N, Croteau D. Continuous professional development: a qualitative study of pharmacists' attitudes, behaviours and preferences in Ontario, Canada. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 2005; 69: 25-33. [ Links ]
32. Friedman A, Phillips M. Leaping the CPD hurdle: a study of the barriers and drivers to participation in continuing professional development. Paper presented at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference, l3-l5 September 200l, University of Leeds. http://www.leeds.ac.uk/educol/documents/00001892.htm (3 May 2013). [ Links ]
Santie van Vuuren


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NORTH TEXAS (AP) — A Dallas promotions company sued Lance Armstrong on Thursday, demanding he repay $12 million in bonuses and fees it paid him for winning the Tour de France.
SCA Promotions had tried in a 2005 legal dispute to prove Armstrong cheated to win before it ultimately settled and paid him.
Armstrong recently acknowledged using performance-enhancing drugs, and the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency in 2012 detailed a sophisticated doping program by his Armstrong's teams. Armstrong was stripped of his seven Tour de France victories and given a lifetime ban from sports.
Now, the company contends in its lawsuit, Armstrong and agent Bill Stapleton conspired to cheat SCA out of millions. The lawsuit notes that Armstrong repeatedly testified under oath in the 2005 dispute that he did not use steroids, other drugs or blood doping methods to win, all of which he now admits to doing.
"It is time now for Mr. Armstrong to face the consequences of his actions," the lawsuit said. "He admits he doped; he admits he bullied people; he admits he lied."
The lawsuit names Armstrong, Stapleton and Tailwind Sports, Inc., the team's management entity, as defendants.
Tim Herman, an attorney for Armstrong and Stapleton, did not immediately return telephone messages. Herman has previously noted that SCA previously settled its case with Armstrong and said it should not be allowed to reopen the matter.
SCA's lawsuit counters that the case was settled only after Armstrong's lies under oath prevented it from proving he doped.
The lawsuit seeks to recover $9.5 million in bonus money and another $2.5 million paid to Armstrong for other costs and fees.
Separately, USADA chief executive Travis Tygart said Wednesday the agency has been in contact with him Armstrong and is giving him more time to decide if he wants to cooperate with its investigators and tell more about what he knows of doping in cycling.
USADA extended its original Wednesday deadline to Feb. 20 to work out an interview with investigators under oath.
Just two weeks ago, Herman had strongly suggested Armstrong would not be interested in talking with USADA investigators. Tygart said it was Armstrong who asked for more time.
"We understand that he does want to be part of the solution and assist in the effort to clean up the sport of cycling," Tygart said in a statement. "We have agreed to his request for an additional two weeks to work on details to hopefully allow for this to happen."
The agency has said cooperating in its cleanup effort is the only path open to Armstrong if his lifetime ban from sports is to be reduced.
(© Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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Unidentified, 1949-1951
Badger, Vice Admiral Oscar, 1949
Baker, John Earl, 1949
Bissell, Richard M., Jr., 1951
Bolling, Major General A. R., 1948
Bramblett, Ernest K., 1951
Butterworth, W. Walton, 1950
Caldwell, J. Alexander, 1971
Chang, C. C., 1949
Chennault, Major General Claire E., 1948
Chiang Mon-lin, 1949
Clay, Eugene H., 1952
Cleveland, Harlan, 1948-1949
Cline, Howard M., 1952
Cochran, Ambassador H. Merle, 1950
Coombe, Reginald G., 1949
Cooney, P. S., n.d.
Davis, Ritchie G., 1948
Eldridge, Fred L., 1948-1949
Fishel, Wesley R., 1966
Flegel, Austin, 1952
Foster, William C., n.d.
Gould, Dorothy, (Mrs. Randall) 1948
Gould, Randall, 1948
Hayes, Samuel P., 1968
Hoffman, Paul G., 1949
Hopkins, Paul S., 1949
Hopkins, Peter S., 1949
Jessup, Ambassador at Large, Philip C., 1949
Josselyn, Windsor, 1948
Keswick, John, 1949
Knowland, Senator William F., 1948-1949
Lapham, Roger D., 1948-1950
Lear, Lieutenant General Ben, 1942-1945
Li Ming, 1949-1956
Little, L. K., 1948-1950
McAfee, William, n.d.
McCune, Shannon, 1952-1955
Mack, Harold L., 1948
Meiklejohn, Norman, 1949
Merchant, Livingston T., 1949-1961
Morin, Relman, 1948
Morris, Frances, 1952
Moyer, Raymond T., 1953-1960
O'Donnell, William, 1948-1949
Price, Harry B., 1954-1955
Rusk, Dean, 1961
Sae Woon Chang, 1952
St. Louis, George, 1950
Samson, Henry T., 1948-1949
Savoy, Willard W., 1952
Shen, H. J., 1949
Simpson, Roy, 1952
Spruance, Admiral Raymond A., 1952
Stuart, Ambassador J. Leighton, 1949
Sumner, John D., 1949
Symington, Charles J., 1951
Throp, Colonel Elliot W., 1949-1952
Topping, Seymour, 1952
Watkins, Frank T., 1948
Webb, James E., 1950-1951
Wedemeyer, Lieutenant General Albert C., 1949-1950
Wood, C. Tyler, 1952
Wu, K. C., 1949-1952
Yen Hsi-shan, 1948
Miscellaneous, 1948-1952
Ambasade de France
American Firms in Shanghai
China Relief Mission
China Weekly Review
Collected memoranda and letters, 1945-1951
Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA)
China, 1948-1949
Aid Program
Background material
Chiang Kai-shek
Cleveland, Harlan
Committee meeting notes
Doughty, C. J., Jr., Briefs and analyses of newspapers, 1948-1949
Financial documents
Greene, George M.
Griffin, R. Allen - Trip to Washington, D.C., January, 1949
Hoffman, Paul G.
Japan - Exports and imports
Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction
Lapham, Roger D.
Correspondence, press conference, speech
Daily schedule, (incomplete) 1948-1949
Li Tsung-jen
Office memoranda, 1948-1949
Office reports, 1948-1949
China Textile Review
Chronological Highlights of the ECA Supply Situation During the North China Crisis
Final Report - Cotton Program - Tientsin
First Report for the Public Advisory Committee
Future China Aid
General Situation Report - Tientsin
Monthly Report, Number 1, September, 1948
Monthly Report, Number 2, October, 1948
Monthly Report, Number 3, November, 1948
Monthly Report, Number 5, January, 1949
Monthly Report, Number 6, February, 1949
Monthly Report, Number 7, March, 1949
Monthly Graphic Report, December, 1948
Monthly Personnel Report, December, 1948
Monthly Status Report, February, 1949
Northwest China
Port Operations in China
December, 1948
February, 1949
March, 1949
Provincial governments
Report from the Northwest, March, 1949
Status of ECA Operations in Shanghai
Suggested Major Points for Aid-To-China Legislation
Summary of ECA China Aid Program, January 1949
Summary Statement - Extension of China Aid Program, April -December, 1949
Supplemental Estimate, April, 1948 -April, 1949
Telephone Directory, December, 1948
Travel orders, itineraries, etc.
Trip report, Nanking, December 14, 15, 1948
Trip report, Taiwan, May, 1949
West China and the ECA Program
Price, Harry B.
Printed Material
Chinese News Service, (incomplete) 1948-1949
Chinese Press Review, (incomplete) 1948-1949
Daily Translation Service, (incomplete) April -May, 1949
United States Information Service (USIS) - Daily News Bulletin, (incomplete) 1948-1949
United States Information Service (USIS) - Foreign Service News Digest, (incomplete) 1948-1949
Maps of China and Japan
Newspaper clippings
Newspaper supplements, October 10, 1948
Shanghai Evening Post & Mercury, (incomplete) February -March, 1949
Public Advisory Committee
Reconstruction and Replacement Program
St. Louis, George, "Observations on Communist China," June, 1950
Telephone conversation notes
Far East Program Division, 1950-1951
Committee directory
Office memoranda, 1950-1951
Office reports, 1950-1951
Cottage Industries, Philippines
Fiscal status report
Program operation report
Taiwan report
The Technical Assistance Program
Eller, E. M., "United States Disaster in China," July, 1949
Great Britain
Griffin, R. Allen - Biographical materials
Hanna, Willard A., "Bung Karno's Indonesia," September -December, 1959
International Conference on Agriculture and Cooperative Credit, Berkeley, California, 1952
Lear, Lieutenant General Ben
McCarran, Pat
Meng, C. Y. W., "A Chinese View of American Aid," and Moy, E. K., "A Chinese-American View of American Aid," March, 1949
Mission to Southeast Asia, 1950
Mok, Poon-Kan, "Asia Today and the Western World," 1959
Moyer, Raymond T., "The Economic Cooperation Administration Program in Taiwan," Address before the Chinese Association for the United Nations at Taipeh, Taiwan, March 17, 1951
Mutual Security Agency, 1951-1952
South Asia professional roster, 1955
Southeast Asia
Stillman, Charles L., "Fertilizer Recommendations," July, 1948
Stuart, J. Leighton
United States
Department of State
Technical and Economic Assistance Programs
"Challenge of Southeast Asia," 1950
"China Changes Dynasties," 1949
"The History of the 13th Infanty Regiment," (possibly written by R. Allen Griffin) 1945
Memorandum on the Far East prepared for Ambassador at Large, Philip C. Jessup, (with Roger D. Lapham) 1949
"Must Indo-China Be Lost?" 1952
Notes on daily activities, July -August, 1948
"On the Occasion of the Arrival of the 300th Shipload of Commodities for the China Aid Program," 1949
Speech for Mr. Richard Bissell on Asian problems, (outline) 1951
Statement on departure from China, 1949
"United States Policy Problems in Southeast Asia," Claremont, California, 1952
Miscellaneous parts of speeches, notes, etc.
19 prints of R. Allen Griffin; 1 print of R. Allen Griffin with unidentified man; 2 negatives, undated
1 group print of Mr. and Mrs. Roger D. Lapham, Mr. and Mrs. R. Allen Griffin and others during U.S. Economic Cooperation Administration - China Mission, 1948-1949; 3 prints of R. Allen Griffin and others signing contracts related to U.S. Economic Cooperation Administration - China, 1948-1949; 5 prints of Paul G. Hoffman's visit to China, December, 1948, including group prints with Chiang Kai-shek, Li Tsung-jen, J. Leighton Stuart and Roger D. Lapham; 1 group print of R. Allen Griffin, Henry T. Samson, Roger D. Lapham, Dr. Sun of, Lewis Clark, Wu Te-chen; 7 negatives,
2 miscellaneous prints, undated


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