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The Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer (previously called Oracle WebCenter Ensemble) provides a collection of useful tools and features that facilitate dynamic pagelet development. The Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer proxy provides users with external access to internal resources including login resources, internal applications, and pagelets.
A pagelet is a reusable user interface component similar to a portlet. While portlets were designed specifically for portals, pagelets are designed to run on any web page. Any HTML fragment can be a pagelet. Pagelet developers can also take advantage of many of the features available to portlet developers to write pagelets that are parameterized and configurable, to dynamically interact with other pagelets, and respond to user input using Asynchronous Javascript and XML (AJAX) patterns.
This chapter describes how to register, edit, delete, and deploy pagelets using the Pagelet Producer Console.
This chapter includes the following sections:
Section 24.1, "What You Should Know About the Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer"
Section 24.4, "Creating Pagelet Producer Resources and Pagelets"
The content of this chapter is intended for Fusion Middleware administrators (users granted the
Admin or
Operator role through the Oracle WebLogic Server Administration Console). For more information, see Section 1.13, "Oracle WebCenter Administration Tools."
Consider the following while working with the Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer:
Resources are web applications registered with the Pagelet Producer. Registering a resource allows the proxy to map internal applications to external URLs, manage authentication, and transform applications using Pagelet Producer adaptive tags.
Registering a web application as a Pagelet Producer resource allows you to do the following:
Proxy internal web applications to external addresses.
Manage authentication, both at the proxy level and at the resource level.
Transform proxied web applications, including URL-rewriting and the use of adaptive tags.
Pagelets are sub-components of a web page accessed through the Pagelet Producer that can be injected into any proxied application. Any application on a Pagelet Producer resource that returns markup can be registered as a pagelet, which can then be displayed in Oracle WebCenter.
Data can be passed to pagelets using pagelet parameters or the pagelet payload. The former passes name-value pairs (attributes) to the pagelet application, while the latter is any text, including XML.
All post deployment connection configuration is stored in the Oracle Metadata Services (MDS) repository. For more information, see Section 1.3.5, "WebCenter Configuration Considerations." For detailed information about MDS, see the chapter "Managing the Oracle Metadata Repository" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide.
Pagelet Producer stores all configuration data on a separate partition in the MDS schema of RCU. Typically, this schema is installed as part of the Oracle WebCenter installation. This configuration data does not conflict with data that belongs to other services. When the Pagelet Producer domain template is deployed, the wizard prompts for connectivity information to the database in which the schema has been created. The names that the Pagelet Producer expects are:
Datasource Name:
JNDI name:
MDS partition name:
Pagelet Producer registration is dynamic. Additions and updates to existing producers are immediately available; it is not necessary to restart the WebCenter application or the managed server.
In the current release, only a single administrator can modify Pagelet Producer administrative settings at any given time. Concurrent edits will result in only one edit succeeding. However, data integrity will always be preserved.
This section describes how to register the Pagelet Producer using Fusion Middleware Control and WLST commands. This section includes the following subsections:
Section 24.2.1, "Registering the Pagelet Producer for WebCenter Applications Using Fusion Middleware Control"
Section 24.2.2, "Registering the Pagelet Producer for WebCenter Applications Using WLST"
To register the Pagelet Producer:
Log in to Fusion Middleware Control and navigate to the home page for your WebCenter application. For more information, see:
Do one of the following:
For WebCenter Portal applications - From the Application Deployment menu, choose WebCenter, then Register Producer.
For WebCenter Spaces - From the WebCenter menu, choose Register Producer.
Enter connection details for the Pagelet Producer (Table 24-1).
Table 24-1 Pagelet Producer Connection Parameters
Connection Name
Enter a unique name to identify this pagelet producer within the WebCenter application. The name must be unique across all WebCenter connection types.
Producer Type
Select Pagelet Producer.
Server URL
Enter the URL of the WebCenter Pagelet Producer. The URL must include a fully-qualified domain name. Use the following syntax:
For example:
If pagelets contain secure data, the registered URL must use the
Note: In WebCenter Spaces, if the Pagelet Producer URL is protected by OAM, the URL to the pagelet catalog must be excluded (mapped directly without access control), or the catalog will appear to be empty when using REST. The pagelet catalog URL is
Click OK.
The new producer appears in the connection table.
Use the
registerPageletProducer command to register a Pagelet Producer for your WebCenter application. For command syntax and examples, see the section "registerPageletProducer" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware WebLogic Scripting Tool Command Reference.
You can also use WLST to list or edit the current connection details.
Note:When importing and exporting data using WLST, the resources.xml and settings.xml files must reside in a directory called "ensemble" and no other files may be present in that directory. The argument passed to the import/export commands should be the parent directory of the /ensemble directory.
For information on how to run WLST commands, see Section 220.127.116.11, "Running Oracle WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST) Commands."
This section describes how to set up the Pagelet Producer for use as a service by Oracle WebCenter using the Oracle Configuration Wizard.
For information about developing and deploying pagelets, see the section "Creating Pagelets with the Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Developer's Guide for Oracle WebCenter.
To set up Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer as a WebCenter service:
Launch the Configuration Wizard (Oracle Fusion Middleware > Oracle WebLogic Server > Tools > Configuration Wizard).
Select Create a new WebLogic Domain. Click Next.
Select Base this domain on an existing template and select the Pagelet Producer domain template. Confirm that the template location is correct and click Next.
Complete the domain configuration wizard. For details on specific settings, see the online help.
The Pagelet Producer Console is a browser-based administration tool used to create and manage the various objects in your Pagelet Producer deployment. From the Console you can register web applications and pagelets, manage proxy and transformation settings, and more.
To launch the Pagelet Producer Console, open a browser window and navigate to
pageletadmin/ and log on with the administrator name and password you entered when you created the domain using the Configuration wizard in Section 24.3, "Configuring the Pagelet Producer Service" in step 2. The pagelet producer console can also be launched in accessible mode at:
In the Pagelet Producer Console, you can create resources and pagelets. To create a new resource, select the Resources option from the dropdown list, choose any existing resource in the navigation pane, and then click the Create icon in the toolbar. (This button is only enabled when you have selected an object type that can be created.)
An entry called "<new>" will be added to the list of resources, and it will include the necessary configuration pages, detailed in the sections that follow. To save your changes at any time, click the Save icon in the toolbar.
On the General page, enter basic information about the resource.
Enter a Name for the resource. Enter an optional Description.
In the Source URL field, type the URL to the internal web application to be proxied. For example,
Note:If you are configuring an ADF Web Application as a resource, the Source URL cannot be any more specific than
By default, the Pagelet Producer attempts to connect to the resource for 30 seconds before returning an error message. To change this value, enter a new Source Timeout period in seconds.
In the Destination URL field, type the URL to be used to access the resource. This URL must be on the server that hosts the Pagelet Producer. In the Pagelet Producer URL space, you must specify a relative path at which the content must appear.
The Pagelet Producer enables URL Rewriting by default. When URL rewriting is enabled, the Pagelet Producer rewrites URLs in the proxied application that begin with the source URL prefix so that they point to the destination URL prefix.
There are two cases in which you should disable URL rewriting:
The internal URL prefix and external URL prefix are identical.
In this case, the user's DNS must resolve the URL to the Pagelet Producer proxy server, and the Pagelet Producer proxy server's DNS must resolve the URL to the internal resource. Because DNS only resolves IP and not port, both servers must listen to the same port. This method is strongly recommended.
All links in the application are relative URLs.
In this case, the internal URL prefix path and the external URL prefix path must be identical. For example, if the internal URL prefix is
/bar/ the external URL prefix path must be
/bar/ or
To disable transformation, deselect URL Rewriting.
To enable Dynamic HTML, choose DHTML Rewriting. This option supports URLs that are not in the original HTML returned from the server, but are added by DHTML. In most cases, this option should be enabled.
User and session scope preferences can be shared by more than one pagelet. CSP metadata can be used to specify which session preferences can be set or obtained from the application and which user info preferences will be sent to the application. For example, if you store personally identifiable information such as an employee ID as a user preference, you can control which pagelets have access to this information.
By default, the CSP login token is not passed to the proxied resource. To enable this feature, choose Send CSP Login Token. You must also enter the name and type of each of the settings that should be retrieved from the Pagelet Producer.
Note:Pagelets associated with a resource inherit this metadata.
The Policy page allows you to limit access to a resource to specific roles within Oracle WebCenter. The J2EE container hosting Pagelet Producer (such as Oracle WebLogic Server) is responsible for establishing the role memberships associated with the current user. A resource can specify multiple roles on the Policy page, and users will be allowed access if they are a member of any of the specified roles; otherwise they will be directed to a suitable J2EE container delegated authentication page to establish the required credentials. If no roles are entered in the list, anonymous access is allowed, and the resource is termed as an "anonymous resource".
Note:The role name(s) entered here must match those created in the Oracle WebLogic Server administrative Console.
The Autologin page allows you to provide authentication information for a resource for use by all users who access the resource.
The autologin feature allows the Pagelet Producer to supply credentials to applications automatically. The credentials used by the Pagelet Producer to log in to the application can come from:
Credential vault: When a user logs into the proxied resource, credentials are stored in the Pagelet Producer credential vault. Subsequent access to that resource is authenticated using the stored credentials. When using vault storage, the key name chosen should be a generic placeholder and should not reflect sensitive information like the actual password.
The user's LDAP profile: Credentials for specific applications can be stored in the user's profile and used by the Pagelet Producer to automatically log the user into proxied applications.
Static credentials: The Pagelet Producer resource can be configured with static credentials that are used for every user with access to the resource.
The Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer can automatically log in to resources through HTML forms and basic authentication.
The following sections describe how to configure credential mapping for authentication:
Section 220.127.116.11, "Form Login," describes how to configure a resource to log in automatically to a resource that prompts for authentication with an HTML form.
Section 18.104.22.168, "Basic Login and NTLM Login," describes how to configure a resource to log in automatically to a resource that prompts for authentication with basic or NTLM authentication.
Section 18.104.22.168, "Authentication Sources," describes the static, user profile, and credential vault authentication field sources.
This section describes how to configure autologin for a resource that prompts for authentication with an HTML form.
Note:After defining the HTML form, make sure that sensitive fields are stored securely using the Credential Vault option.
On the Autologin page for the resource, expand the Form Login section.
The login page can be identified by an URL or a regular expression. In the Login Form Identification section, choose one of the following options:
If the login form is located at a static URL, select URL and type the URL into the box. You can choose to Automatically Detect Form Fields on the page or enter them manually as described in step 5 below.
If the login form is dynamic, select RegEx and type the regular expression pattern into the box.
Set the login form action. In the Form Submit Location section, choose one of the following options:
If the login form action is a static URL, select URL and type the URL into the box. Choose the action for the form submission: POST or GET.
If the login form is dynamic, select RegEx and type the regular expression pattern into the box.
To map fields from the form to authentication field sources, either click Automatically Detect Form Fields or enter them manually using the process below:
Click Create to add a new row to the Form Fields list.
Type the name of the HTML form input in the Field Name box.
For details on how to configure the Source and Value properties, see Section 22.214.171.124, "Authentication Sources."
To delete field mappings, click Delete.
The logout page and login error pages can also be identified by an URL or a regular expression. In the Logout Page Identification and Login Error Page Identification sections, choose one of the following options:
If the page is located at a static URL, select URL and type the URL into the box.
If the page is dynamic, select RegEx and type the regular expression pattern into the box.
This section describes how to configure autologin for a resource that prompts for authentication with basic or NTLM authentication.
On the Autologin page for the resource, expand the Basic Login or NTLM Login section.
Note:"Basic authentication transmits passwords as plain text, and therefore, it must not be used in production systems. Further, it is strongly recommended that the underlying transport is HTTPS.
In the Username and Password sections, choose the appropriate authentication source and enter a value as necessary. For details on how to configure these properties, see the next section, Section 22.214.171.124, "Authentication Sources".
Authentication sources define the source for login fields. The following table describes each of the authentication field source values:
Table 24-2 Pagelet Producer Authentication Field Sources
Use the static source when the authentication field is the same for all users accessing the resource. Type the static value in the field provided.
The Profile source uses properties from the user's Oracle WebCenter profile to supply credential data for authentication.
he Vault source prompts the user for credentials the first time the resource is accessed. The supplied credentials are stored in the credential vault, and each subsequent access to that resource is authenticated with the stored credentials.In the second field, enter the name of the credential vault to use, or leave the entry as "default" to use the server vault.
Shared Vault
The same as the Vault option, except Vault stores one value per key per user, while Shared Vault stores one value per key for all users
Some header elements should be blocked from being passed to back-end applications. For example, when using delegated (third-party SSO) authentication, the SSO system might insert some headers that need not be passed to the back-end applications. When passed, these headers might interfere with the back-end application functionality. The Headers page allows you to choose Request and Response headers that should be dropped from the HTTP that is provided by the Pagelet Producer.
To add a header to the list, click Create and enter the header name in the field provided. The Content-Length header is always implicitly dropped, because manipulating content during the proxying operation renders the content length invalid in almost all cases.
The Pagelets section lists the pagelets associated with the resource.
To create a new pagelet, select the Pagelets section under the resource you want to use and click the Create icon in the toolbar. A pagelet called "<new>" will be added to the list. To modify an existing pagelet, click the pagelet name. Each pagelet has the following configuration pages:
Enter a Name for the pagelet, and the Library name with which to associate the pagelet. (A pagelet library is a user-defined way to group related pagelets.)
In the URL Suffix box, type the relative path to the pagelet (do not include the Source URL prefix you entered for the resource). If you leave the URL Suffix blank, then the entire resource will be considered the pagelet.
If you want the pagelet to be refreshed without reloading the entire page, choose Refresh Inline.
On the Preferences page, enter the relative URLs to any preference pages required by the pagelet (global, customize, or personalize). Do not include the Source URL prefix you entered for the resource.
Data can be passed to pagelets using pagelet parameters or the pagelet payload. Parameters pass name-value pairs to the pagelet application, while the payload is any text, including XML. You can write an XML Schema to describe the XML that a particular pagelet expects and document this by entering a URI to and XSD file or a namespace:name qualifier on this page. This value is for convenience only, it is not used or enforced at runtime.
On the Parameters page, enter the Payload Schema or the Parameters that should be passed to the pagelet. To add a parameter, click Create. Enter a Name for the pagelet and choose the Transport type: Request Parameter, Administrative Preference, Community Preference, or Pagelet Preference. Choose whether the parameter is Required and choose the appropriate data Type.
Clipping allows you to form a pagelet by clipping a portion of a larger web page in a proxied application. For example, in a news web page there is a box listing the latest headlines. By identifying the containing HTML for that box, you can clip only the headlines and serve that subset of the news web page as a pagelet.
In addition to clipping a portion of the body of the web page, the pagelet's <head> element can be included by choosing Include head. This allows CSS, JavaScript, or other declarations that occur in the <head> element to be included with the clipped body portion.
To use a graphical tool to select page content, click Launch Clipper.
To specify HTML tag attributes that describe the section to be clipped, expand the Advanced Clipper section and enter the tag name and associated attribute(s).
Keep the following in mind when using the clipper:
If the back-end resource is accessed over HTTPS, make sure the Pagelet Producer Console is also accessed over a secure port.
If the clip source is protected by a login form or other form of authentication, make sure to configure Autologin for the parent resource as described in Section 24.4.4, "Autologin". If you are using the vault to store credential values, make sure to capture the credentials prior to using the clipper.
If you are having problems with the clipper, make sure the configured pagelet URL can be loaded by the browser without redirects. If necessary, change the pagelet suffix to reflect the final URL loaded by the browser after following all the redirects.
A web injector inserts content into a specified location in the proxied resource page. The content may be any text, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and pagelet declarations.
To create a new web injector, select the Injectors section under the resource you want to use and click the Create icon in the toolbar. A new injector called "<new>" will be added to the list. Injectors have the following configuration pages:
Enter a Name for the web injector.
The injector can be applied to a subset of the resource by typing a URL pattern into the URL Filter box. The injector will be applied only to those URLs within the resource that begin with the text in the URL Filter box. If the box is empty or contains only a '/', the injector will be applied to the entire resource.
To restrict the injector to specific kinds of content, type a comma separated list of MIME types in the MIME Filter box. For example, text/html restricts the injector to HTML content, while text/css only restricts the injector to CSS content.
Define where in the resource's output the injection occurs by selecting one of the following:
Top puts the content first in the page. Do not use this option to inject pagelet declarations.
Bottom puts the content last in the page.
The Before/After/Replace options put the content into the page relative to the entry provided in the field on the page.
Content to be injected may be any text, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and pagelet declarations. Content can be entered using the text editor. If the content is HTML, it can optionally be edited using the HTML editor.
Custom parsers allow you to supplement or change built-in logic for parsing content and finding URLs. When the built-in parsers fail to identify URLs or identify sections that must not be rewritten as URLs, custom parsers can be used to change the default behavior.Use Fragment Location to locate the part of the page that you wish to modify. Then you can use Fragment Type to choose how the selected location should be parsed.
Enter a Name for the parser.
The parser can be applied to a subset of the resource by typing a URL pattern into the URL Filter box. The parser will be applied only to those URLs within the resource that begin with the text in the URL Filter box. If the box is empty or contains only a '/', the parser will be applied to the entire resource.
To add a new parsing rule, click Create to add a new row to the Fragment Locations section. In the Regular Expressions column, enter the regular expression for identifying the URL fragment that should be transformed. The first grouping expression (in parentheses) identifies the fragment, and the rest of the expression provides the context for finding it.
Make sure to choose the appropriate Fragment Type:
Static URLs are transformed on the server.
Dynamic URLs are transformed using JavaScript on the client.
HTML Fragment and Javascript Fragment types are used for content that is embedded in another content type, such as XML.
In the Pagelet Producer Console, the Settings section provides access to important settings that affect all pagelets provided by Pagelet Producer.
The Logging page allows you to set logging levels for individual Pagelet Producer components. Logging is viewed in the managed server log files. In Oracle WebLogic Server, this would be
managed server name/managed server name
.log and
managed server name
The Proxy page includes HTTP proxy access configuration (URL, user name and password). This page also allows you to define a semicolon-separated list of URLs that will not be proxied (wildcards are allowed).
You must restart the Pagelet Producer after changing the proxy setting.
The Transform page allows you to enter the path to the credential vault provider and configure secure and insecure ports for the Pagelet Producer. This page also allows you to choose whether or not to intercept and transform Ajax requests, and whether or not to log pre- and post- transformation content (useful for debugging, but should not be enabled in a production environment).
CSP is a platform-independent protocol based on the open standard of HTTP 1.1. CSP defines the syntax of communication between Oracle WebCenter Pagelet Producer and external resources. It also defines custom headers as well as outlines how services use HTTP to communicate and modify settings.
The CSP section may be ignored if Oracle WebCenter Interaction is not present in your deployment. These settings are used for backwards compatibility with CSP portlets written for Oracle WebCenter Interaction.This page allows you to configure the Oracle WebCenter Interaction REST endpoint, SOAP API service, and image service.
Keep the following common errors in mind when troubleshooting pagelets:
Pagelet Producer logs messages to the standard Oracle Diagnostic Logging facility. On Oracle WebLogic Server, the logs are stored at
If you are using SSL, make sure both HTTP and HTTPS ports are configured properly in Settings.
If you are proxying external sites on a network that requires an HTTP proxy, you must configure the proxy URL in Settings.
Due to restrictions in the Sun Java Virtual Machine (JVM), pagelets cannot HTTPS content where the underlying certificate uses MD2 signing algorithm.
The Login Resource and Pagelet REST API Resource, which are created by default, are present and correct.
If you are proxying KD Browser or other CSP pagelets, make sure the Image Server URL is absolute and the CSP SOAP API URL is set in Settings.


text:
Joseph Woolf
The Ashy-Black Ape (Asia)
Zoological Sketches
Zoological Society London 1861
Tinted Lithograph
Original hand colouring
Laid on original backing card with printed title.
350 x 250 mm image size.
From a rare set of lithographs by Joseph Woolf, well known for his large body of work done for John Gould. Each lithograph has a separate sheet of printed text giving information about the particular species.

subset: commoncrawl


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11.11.11 | MUSIC4GOSH is pleased to announce the release of its latest album "I Would Fight For You". Click here to find out more about the album artists and tracks.
Albums are available throughout the United Kingdom, Dubai, Uruguay and many other countries around the world.
Whatever your taste in music we are sure you will find the album great listening. There are many ways to donate your money and pick up a copy of the album. Click here to find out more. If you are having difficulty in locating the CD, or would like to join our team, then please contact firstname.lastname@example.com
The MUSIC4GOSH project is now in its 8th year of raising funds for Great Ormond Street Hospital
In 2003 with help of EMI, we released our first CD "Volare" which raised much needed funds for the hospital. Now in 2011 our dedicated group of supporting musicians are ready to release their next album.
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust is the country's leading centre for treating sick children, with the widest range of specialists under one roof. The MUSIC4GOSH organisation asks that you support our projects and thus the hospital charity by donating all you can. . . Thank You.


text:
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Your Warranty Rights
I implore you to check this before asking whether your product in question will violate your warranty.
There's a lot of discussion on this site, so I will try to limit this post and thread to discussions relating specifically to automotive warranties. I hope that this guide helps you understand your warranty rights better.
Magnuson-Moss Act
This law allows for enhanced enforcement of warranties. It states that implied warranties must be fulfilled in the case of any product with a full warranty. In the case of limited warranties, the only exception is that a clause may exist in the warranty limiting the fulfillment of the warranty. Here is an example:
You purchase a 2009 GT-R. The GT-R warranty states that the limited warranty includes all service for free for 3 years. Later, the warranty states that the entire document is void if you use the car for racing purposes. The GT-R black box gets read at the dealership when you get an oil change, indicating that the car has repeatedly been driven for sustained periods of time over all local speed limits. The dealer proceeds to explain that your GT-R warranty has been voided.Evidence clearly points to some sort of racing, therefore voiding your warranty. It is important to read your warranty conditions before proceeding to violate them.
[By the way, the GT-R warranty does not include 3 years of service.]
Product Warranties
Warranties of any kind require the manufacturers to stand behind the products they produce. Failure to stand behind warranted products may result in prosecution. You have the right to sue those who break their warranty promises.
Tie-ins are illegal. I'm sure you're going to ask, "What are tie-ins?" Tie-ins are a product of up-selling. Up-selling is the practice of promoting additional products from the same manufacturer in an attempt to increase your sale. In this case, tie-ins are to products that would be required for you to buy in order to receive a remedy for your warranty. Here is an example:
You purchase an intake from AEM. Your AEM intake then throws a CEL code, causing you to visit your dealer. Your dealer checks your OBDII, only to find a code from your air sensor. The dealer proceeds to tell you that your AEM intake violates all future warranty repairs unless you replace your product with a GMPP intake.In this case, the tie-in is the GMPP intake. This is illegal in an effort to protect consumers from having to purchase extra products in order to have their warranties enforced. If your dealer requires you to buy anything before fulfilling your warranty obligations, then you should inform the dealer that they have violated federal policies and that you have a right to sue.
Your warranty must state its limitations. Here is an example:
You recently reupholstered your 1970 Trans Am. The leather company includes a full 10-year warranty that does not cover wear and tear, fading, or damage resulting from anything other than sitting on the leather. After eating a Thanksgiving feast, you take off your belt and throw it in the back seat. The belt buckle tears the leather. This is not covered because it is caused by an accident unrelated to sitting on the leather. Later, your passenger is seated in the front, and hears a tear. The seam has torn. This is covered because it represents a product failure due to sitting on the leather.In this example, the leather is covered in the front but not the rear. The seat is not designed for carrying belt buckles. It is designed for seated people. Any other use that causes damage violates the warranty. Knowing your limitations is vital to protecting your consumer rights.
Required on Every Warranty
If your warranty does not state at least 1 of the following statements, then it violates federal law:
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.If this is missing, contact the Federal Trade Commission. The first statement should be on every warranty. There may be more than 1 statement on your warranty.
Statute of Limitations
If a product breaks during the course of an implied warranty, then the product's owner has 4 years from the date of purchase to seek resolution in most cases.
[I cannot provide more specifics to this area.]
You must try to resolve any warranty dispute through an informal mechanism before suing the company responsible for covering your warranty. In other words, the company must also provide, in the warranty paperwork, a mechanism for resolving complaints. This may be a hotline, address, or other form of contacting the company. Here is an example:
In trying to contact the manufacturer of your Trans Am leather upholstery, you reference the warranty paperwork. The paperwork provides instructions for sending a letter, which you closely follow. They refuse to repair your rear seat because it was not damaged due to regular use. They agree to replace your passenger seat leather. They send you the leather, have it installed, and everything is fine with the seat. The situation is properly resolved.Had the company failed to send the leather for installation, you would have a right to sue. Since the informal mechanism worked, you don't have to sue to get the warranty enforced.
This act does not cover advertised warranties, but there are other FTC regulations that require advertisements to be honest. Deceptive advertisements are illegal. If a warranty is advertised as being 5 years long, then it has to be 5 years long. The advertisement does not necessarily have to state the limitations of that warranty or state any reasons why that warranty would be voided.
The use of this vocabulary could have 3 distinct meanings.
It could represent how long the product's original purchaser remains alive. In this case, the product is intended to last for a human being's lifetime. Here is an example:
You buy a car with this type of lifetime warranty. It breaks before you die under normal driving conditions. It, therefore, means that the car must be repaired. The car breaks again in the possession of your great-grandchild. Since you are dead in this case, your warranty dies with you. The great-grandchild must cover the repairs.It could represent how long the product's application lasts. Here is an example:
In 1995, you buy a steering wheel for your 1993 Caprice. The Caprice continues to function into 2008, but the steering wheel breaks in 2007. The warranty implies that it is intended to last as long as your vehicle, but it has broken a year before the car breaks down. This is covered in the warranty. If it had broken after the car, it would not be covered.It could represent how long the owner owns the application. Here is an example:
In the same Caprice, the warranty implies that the steering wheel warranty only lasts as long as you own the car. Since you sold the car in 2000, the warranty only lasted for 5 years. Had you kept the car, the warranty would have lasted longer.Service Contract
This sort of agreement is entirely optional. It may involve additional services rendered by the retailer, dealer, or another source. Service contracts are not related to the warranty. They are not covered under the same warranty.
US Code: Title 15, Chapter 50, Sections 2301-2312
Section 2301-2312 of the Magnuson Moss Warranty Act: Section 2301. Definitions (1) The term "consumer product" means any tangible personal property which is distributed in commerce and which is normally used for personal, family, or household purposes (including any such property intended to be attached to or installed in any real property without regard to whether it is so attached or installed).
(2) The term "Commission" means the Federal Trade Commission.
(3) The term "consumer" means a buyer (other than for purposes of resale) of any consumer product, any person to whom such product is transferred during the duration of an implied or written warranty (or service contract) applicable to the product, and any other person who is entitled by the terms of such warranty (or service contract) or under applicable State law to enforce against the warrantor (or service contractor) the obligations of the warranty (or service contract).
(4) The term "supplier" means any person engaged in the business of making a consumer product directly or indirectly available to consumers.
(5) The term "warrantor" means any supplier or other person who gives or offers to give a written warranty or who is or may be obligated under an implied warranty.
(6) The term "written warranty" means - (A) any written affirmation of fact or written promise made in connection with the sale of a consumer product by a supplier to a buyer which relates to the nature of the material or workmanship and affirms or promises that such material or workmanship is defect free or will meet a specified level of performance over a specified period of time, or
(B) any undertaking in writing in connection with the sale by a supplier of a consumer product to refund, repair, replace, or take other remedial action with respect to such product in the event that such product fails to meet the specifications set forth in the undertaking, which written affirmation, promise, or undertaking becomes part of the basis of the bargain between a supplier and a buyer for purposes other than resale of such product. (7) The term "implied warranty" means an implied warranty arising under State law (as modified by sections 2308 and 2304(a) of this title) in connection with the sale by a supplier of a consumer product.
(8) The term "service contract" means a contract in writing to perform, over a fixed period of time or for a specified duration, services relating to the maintenance or repair (or both) of a consumer product.
(9) The term "reasonable and necessary maintenance" consists of those operations (A) which the consumer reasonably can be expected to perform or have performed and
(B) which are necessary to keep any consumer product performing its intended function and operating at a reasonable level of performance. (10) The term "remedy" means whichever of the following actions the warrantor elects: (A) repair,
(B) replacement, or
(C) refund;
except that the warrantor may not elect refund unless (i) the warrantor is unable to provide replacement and repair is not commercially practicable or cannot be timely made, or (ii) the consumer is willing to accept such refund. (11) The term ''replacement'' means furnishing a new consumer product which is identical or reasonably equivalent to the warranted consumer product.
(12) The term "refund" means refunding the actual purchase price (less reasonable depreciation based on actual use where permitted by rules of the Commission).
(13) The term "distributed in commerce" means sold in commerce, introduced or delivered for introduction into commerce, or held for sale or distribution after introduction into commerce.
(14) The term "commerce" means trade, traffic, commerce, or transportation - (A) between a place in a State and any place outside thereof,
(B) which affects trade, traffic, commerce, or transportation described in subparagraph (A). (15) The term "State" means a State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Canal Zone, or American Samoa. The term "State law" includes a law of the United States applicable only to the District of Columbia or only to a territory or possession of the United States; and the term "Federal law'" excludes any State law. Section 2302. Rules governing contents of warranties (a) Full and conspicuous disclosure of terms and conditions; additional requirements for contents In order to improve the adequacy of information available to consumers, prevent deception, and improve competition in the marketing of consumer products, any warrantor warranting a consumer product to a consumer by means of a written warranty shall, to the extent required by rules of the Commission, fully and conspicuously disclose in simple and readily understood language the terms and conditions of such warranty. Such rules may require inclusion in the written warranty of any of the following items among others: (1) The clear identification of the names and addresses of the warrantors.
(2) The identity of the party or parties to whom the warranty is extended.
(3) The products or parts covered.
(4) A statement of what the warrantor will do in the event of a defect, malfunction, or failure to conform with such written warranty - at whose expense - and for what period of time.
(5) A statement of what the consumer must do and expenses he must bear.
(6) Exceptions and exclusions from the terms of the warranty.
(7) The step-by-step procedure which the consumer should take in order to obtain performance of any obligation under the warranty, including the identification of any person or class of persons authorized to perform the obligations set forth in the warranty.
(8) Information respecting the availability of any informal dispute settlement procedure offered by the warrantor and a recital, where the warranty so provides, that the purchaser may be required to resort to such procedure before pursuing any legal remedies in the courts.
(9) A brief, general description of the legal remedies available to the consumer.
(10) The time at which the warrantor will perform any obligations under the warranty.
(11) The period of time within which, after notice of a defect, malfunction, or failure to conform with the warranty, the warrantor will perform any obligations under the warranty.
(12) The characteristics or properties of the products, or parts thereof, that are not covered by the warranty.
(13) The elements of the warranty in words or phrases which would not mislead a reasonable, average consumer as to the nature or scope of the warranty. (b) Availability of terms to consumer; manner and form for presentation and display of information; duration; extension of period for written warranty or service contract (1) (A) The Commission shall prescribe rules requiring that the terms of any written warranty on a consumer product be made available to the consumer (or prospective consumer) prior to the sale of the product to him.
(B) The Commission may prescribe rules for determining the manner and form in which information with respect to any written warranty of a consumer product shall be clearly and conspicuously presented or displayed so as not to mislead the reasonable, average consumer, when such information is contained in advertising, labeling, point-of-sale material, or other representations in writing. (2) Nothing in this chapter (other than paragraph (3) of this subsection) shall be deemed to authorize the Commission to prescribe the duration of written warranties given or to require that a consumer product or any of its components be warranted.
(3) The Commission may prescribe rules for extending the period of time a written warranty or service contract is in effect to correspond with any period of time in excess of a reasonable period (not less than 10 days) during which the consumer is deprived of the use of such consumer product by reason of failure of the product to conform with the written warranty or by reason of the failure of the warrantor (or service contractor) to carry out such warranty (or service contract) within the period specified in the warranty (or service contract). (c) Prohibition on conditions for written or implied warranty; waiver by Commission No warrantor of a consumer product may condition his written or implied warranty of such product on the consumer's using, in connection with such product, any article or service (other than article or service provided without charge under the terms of the warranty) which is identified by brand, trade, or corporate name; except that the prohibition of this subsection may be waived by the Commission if - (1) the warrantor satisfies the Commission that the warranted product will function properly only if the article or service so identified is used in connection with the warranted product, and
(2) the Commission finds that such a waiver is in the public interest. The Commission shall identify in the Federal Register, and permit public comment on, all applications for waiver of the prohibition of this subsection, and shall publish in the Federal Register its disposition of any such application, including the reasons therefor. (d) Incorporation by reference of detailed substantive warranty provisions The Commission may by rule devise detailed substantive warranty provisions which warrantors may incorporate by reference in their warranties.
(e) Applicability to consumer products costing more than $5 The provisions of this section apply only to warranties which pertain to consumer products actually costing the consumer more than $5. Section 2303. Designation of written warranties (a) Full (statement of duration) or limited warranty Any warrantor warranting a consumer product by means of a written warranty shall clearly and conspicuously designate such warranty in the following manner, unless exempted from doing so by the Commission pursuant to subsection (c) of this section: (1) If the written warranty meets the Federal minimum standards for warranty set forth in section 2304 of this title, then it shall be conspicuously designated a ''full (statement of duration) warranty''.
(2) If the written warranty does not meet the Federal minimum standards for warranty set forth in section 2304 of this title, then it shall be conspicuously designated a "limited warranty". (b) Applicability of requirements, standards, etc., to representations or statements of customer satisfaction This section and sections 2302 and 2304 of this title shall not apply to statements or representations which are similar to expressions of general policy concerning customer satisfaction and which are not subject to any specific limitations.
(c) Exemptions by Commission In addition to exercising the authority pertaining to disclosure granted in section 2302 of this title, the Commission may by rule determine when a written warranty does not have to be designated either ''full (statement of duration)'' or ''limited'' in accordance with this section.
(d) Applicability to consumer products costing more than $10 and not designated as full warranties The provisions of subsections (a) and (c) of this section apply only to warranties which pertain to consumer products actually costing the consumer more than $10 and which are not designated "full (statement of duration) warranties". Section 2304. Federal minimum standards for warranties (a) Remedies under written warranty; duration of implied warranty; exclusion or limitation on consequential damages for breach of written or implied warranty; election of refund or replacement. In order for a warrantor warranting a consumer product by means of a written warranty to meet the Federal minimum standards for warranty - (1) such warrantor must as a minimum remedy such consumer product within a reasonable time and without charge, in the case of a defect, malfunction, or failure to conform with such written warranty;
(2) notwithstanding section 2308(b) of this title, such warrantor may not impose any limitation on the duration of any implied warranty on the product;
(3) such warrantor may not exclude or limit consequential damages for breach of any written or implied warranty on such product, unless such exclusion or limitation conspicuously appears on the face of the warranty; and
(4) if the product (or a component part thereof) contains a defect or malfunction after a reasonable number of attempts by the warrantor to remedy defects or malfunctions in such product, such warrantor must permit the consumer to elect either a refund for, or replacement without charge of, such product or part (as the case may be). The Commission may by rule specify for purposes of this paragraph, what constitutes a reasonable number of attempts to remedy particular kinds of defects or malfunctions under different circumstances. If the warrantor replaces a component part of a consumer product, such replacement shall include installing the part in the product without charge. (b) Duties and conditions imposed on consumer by warrantor (1) In fulfilling the duties under subsection (a) of this section respecting a written warranty, the warrantor shall not impose any duty other than notification upon any consumer as a condition of securing remedy of any consumer product which malfunctions, is defective, or does not conform to the written warranty, unless the warrantor has demonstrated in a rulemaking proceeding, or can demonstrate in an administrative or judicial enforcement proceeding (including private enforcement), or in an informal dispute settlement proceeding, that such a duty is reasonable.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a warrantor may require, as a condition to replacement of, or refund for, any consumer product under subsection (a) of this section, that such consumer product shall be made available to the warrantor free and clear of liens and other encumbrances, except as otherwise provided by rule or order of the Commission in cases in which such a requirement would not be practicable.
(3) The Commission may, by rule define in detail the duties set forth in subsection (a) of this section and the applicability of such duties to warrantors of different categories of consumer products with ''full (statement of duration)'' warranties.
(4) The duties under subsection (a) of this section extend from the warrantor to each person who is a consumer with respect to the consumer product. (c) Waiver of standards
The performance of the duties under subsection (a) of this section shall not be required of the warrantor if he can show that the defect, malfunction, or failure of any warranted consumer product to conform with a written warranty, was caused by damage (not resulting from defect or malfunction) while in the possession of the consumer, or unreasonable use (including failure to provide reasonable and necessary maintenance).
(d) Remedy without charge For purposes of this section and of section 2302(c) of this title, the term ''without charge'' means that the warrantor may not assess the consumer for any costs the warrantor or his representatives incur in connection with the required remedy of a warranted consumer product. An obligation under subsection (a)(1)(A) of this section to remedy without charge does not necessarily require the warrantor to compensate the consumer for incidental expenses; however, if any incidental expenses are incurred because the remedy is not made within a reasonable time or because the warrantor imposed an unreasonable duty upon the consumer as a condition of securing remedy, then the consumer shall be entitled to recover reasonable incidental expenses which are so incurred in any action against the warrantor.
(e) Incorporation of standards to products designated with full warranty for purposes of judicial actions If a supplier designates a warranty applicable to a consumer product as a ''full (statement of duration)'' warranty, then the warranty on such product shall, for purposes of any action under section 2310(d) of this title or under any State law, be deemed to incorporate at least the minimum requirements of this section and rules prescribed under this section. Section 2305. Full and limited warranting of a consumer product Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit the selling of a consumer product which has both full and limited warranties if such warranties are clearly and conspicuously differentiated. Section 2306. Service contracts; rules for full, clear and conspicuous disclosure of terms and conditions; addition to or in lieu of written warranty (a) The Commission may prescribe by rule the manner and form in which the terms and conditions of service contracts shall be fully, clearly, and conspicuously disclosed.
(b) Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prevent a supplier or warrantor from entering into a service contract with the consumer in addition to or in lieu of a written warranty if such contract fully, clearly, and conspicuously discloses its terms and conditions in simple and readily understood language. Section 2307. Designation of representatives by warrantor to perform duties under written or implied warranty Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prevent any warrantor from designating representatives to perform duties under the written or implied warranty: Provided, That such warrantor shall make reasonable arrangements for compensation of such designated representatives, but no such designation shall relieve the warrantor of his direct responsibilities to the consumer or make the representative a co-warrantor. Section 2308. Implied warranties (a) Restrictions on disclaimers or modifications No supplier may disclaim or modify (except as provided in subsection (b) of this section) any implied warranty to a consumer with respect to such consumer product if (1) such supplier makes any written warranty to the consumer with respect to such consumer Product, or
(2) at the time of sale, or within 60 days thereafter, such supplier enters into a service contract with the consumer which applies to such consumer product. (b) Limitation on duration For purposes of this chapter (other than section 2304(a)(2) of this title), implied warranties may be limited in duration to the duration of a written warranty of reasonable duration, if such limitation is conscionable and is set forth in clear and unmistakable language and prominently displayed on the face of the warranty.
(c) Effectiveness of disclaimers, modifications, or limitations A disclaimer, modification, or limitation made in violation of this section shall be ineffective for purposes of this chapter and State law. Section 2309. Procedures applicable to promulgation of rules by Commission (a) Oral presentation Any rule prescribed under this chapter shall be prescribed in accordance with section 553 of title 5; except that the Commission shall give interested persons an opportunity for oral presentations of data, views, and arguments, in addition to written submissions. A transcript shall be kept of any oral presentation. Any such rule shall be subject to judicial review under section 57a(e) of this title in the same manner as rules prescribed under section 57a(a)(1)(B) of this title, except that section 57a(e)(3)(B) of this title shall not apply.
(b) Warranties and warranty practices involved in sale of used motor vehicles The Commission shall initiate within one year after January 4, 1975, a rulemaking proceeding dealing with warranties and warranty practices in connection with the sale of used motor vehicles; and, to the extent necessary to supplement the protections offered the consumer by this chapter, shall prescribe rules dealing with such warranties and practices. In prescribing rules under this subsection, the Commission may exercise any authority it may have under this chapter, or other law, and in addition it may require disclosure that a used motor vehicle is sold without any warranty and specify the form and content of such disclosure. Section 2310. Remedies in consumer disputes (a) Informal dispute settlement procedures; establishment; rules setting forth minimum requirements; effect of compliance by warrantor; review of informal procedures or implementation by Commission; application to existing informal procedures (1) Congress hereby declares it to be its policy to encourage warrantors to establish procedures whereby consumer disputes are fairly and expeditiously settled through informal dispute settlement mechanisms.
(2) The Commission shall prescribe rules setting forth minimum requirements for any informal dispute settlement procedure which is incorporated into the terms of a written warranty to which any provision of this chapter applies. Such rules shall provide for participation in such procedure by independent or governmental entities.
(3) One or more warrantors may establish an informal dispute settlement procedure which meets the requirements of the Commission's rules under paragraph (2). If - (A) a warrantor establishes such a procedure,
(B) such procedure, and its implementation, meets the requirements of such rules, and
(C) he incorporates in a written warranty a requirement that the consumer resort to such procedure before pursuing any legal remedy under this section respecting such warranty, then (i) the consumer may not commence a civil action (other than a class action) under subsection (d) of this section unless he initially resorts to such procedure; and
(ii) a class of consumers may not proceed in a class action under subsection (d) of this section except to the extent the court determines necessary to establish the representative capacity of the named plaintiffs, unless the named plaintiffs (upon notifying the defendant that they are named plaintiffs in a class action with respect to a warranty obligation) initially resort to such procedure. In the case of such a class action which is brought in a district court of the United States, the representative capacity of the named plaintiffs shall be established in the application of rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. In any civil action arising out of a warranty obligation and relating to a matter considered in such a procedure, any decision in such procedure shall be admissible in evidence. (4) The Commission on its own initiative may, or upon written complaint filed by any interested person shall, review the bona fide operation of any dispute settlement procedure resort to which is stated in a written warranty to be a prerequisite to pursuing a legal remedy under this section.
If the Commission finds that such procedure or its implementation fails to comply with the requirements of the rules under paragraph (2), the Commission may take appropriate remedial action under any authority it may have under this chapter or any other provision of law.
(5) Until rules under paragraph (2) take effect, this subsection shall not affect the validity of any informal dispute settlement procedure respecting consumer warranties, but in any action under subsection (d) of this section, the court may invalidate any such procedure if it finds that such procedure is unfair. (b) Prohibited acts It shall be a violation of section 45(a)(1) of this title for any person to fail to comply with any requirement imposed on such person by this chapter (or a rule thereunder) or to violate any prohibition contained in this chapter (or a rule thereunder).
(c) Injunction proceedings by Attorney General or Commission for deceptive warranty, noncompliance with requirements, or violating prohibitions; procedures; definitions (1) The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of any action brought by the Attorney General (in his capacity as such), or by the Commission by any of its attorneys designated by it for such purpose, to restrain (A) any warrantor from making a deceptive warranty with respect to a consumer product, or
(B) any person from failing to comply with any requirement imposed on such person by or pursuant to this chapter or from violating any prohibition contained in this chapter. Upon proper showing that, weighing the equities and considering the Commission's or Attorney General's likelihood of ultimate success, such action would be in the public interest and after notice to the defendant, a temporary restraining order or preliminary injunction may be granted without bond. In the case of an action brought by the Commission, if a complaint under section 45 of this title is not filed within such period (not exceeding 10 days) as may be specified by the court after the issuance of the temporary restraining order or preliminary injunction, the order or injunction shall be dissolved by the court and be of no further force and effect. Any suit shall be brought in the district in which such person resides or transacts business. Whenever it appears to the court that the ends of justice require that other persons should be parties in the action, the court may cause them to be summoned whether or not they reside in the district in which the court is held, and to that end process may be served in any district. (2) For the purposes of this subsection, the term ''deceptive warranty'' means (A) a written warranty which (i) contains an affirmation, promise, description, or representation which is either false or fraudulent, or which, in light of all of the circumstances, would mislead a reasonable individual exercising due care; or (ii) fails to contain information which is necessary in light of all of the circumstances, to make the warranty not misleading to a reasonable individual exercising due care; or
(B) a written warranty created by the use of such terms as ''guaranty'' or ''warranty'', if the terms and conditions of such warranty so limit its scope and application as to deceive a reasonable individual. (d) Civil action by consumer for damages, etc.; jurisdiction; recovery of costs and expenses; cognizable claims (1) Subject to subsections (a)(3) and (e) of this section, a consumer who is damaged by the failure of a supplier, warrantor, or service contractor to comply with any obligation under this chapter, or under a written warranty, implied warranty, or service contract, may bring suit for damages and other legal and equitable relief - (A) in any court of competent jurisdiction in any State or the District of Columbia; or
(B) in an appropriate district court of the United States, subject to paragraph (3) of this subsection. (2) If a consumer finally prevails in any action brought under paragraph (1) of this subsection, he may be allowed by the court to recover as part of the judgment a sum equal to the aggregate amount of cost and expenses (including attorneys' fees based on actual time expended) determined by the court to have been reasonably incurred by the plaintiff for or in connection with the commencement and prosecution of such action, unless the court in its discretion shall determine that such an award of attorneys' fees would be inappropriate.
(3) No claim shall be cognizable in a suit brought under paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection - (A) if the amount in controversy of any individual claim is less than the sum or value of $25;
(B) if the amount in controversy is less than the sum or value of $50,000 (exclusive of interests and costs) computed on the basis of all claims to be determined in this suit; or
(C) if the action is brought as a class action, and the number of named plaintiffs is less than one hundred. (e) Class actions; conditions; procedures applicable No action (other than a class action or an action respecting a warranty to which subsection (a)(3) of this section applies) may be brought under subsection (d) of this section for failure to comply with any obligation under any written or implied warranty or service contract, and a class of consumers may not proceed in a class action under such subsection with respect to such a failure except to the extent the court determines necessary to establish the representative capacity of the named plaintiffs, unless the person obligated under the warranty or service contract is afforded a reasonable opportunity to cure such failure to comply. In the case of such a class action (other than a class action respecting a warranty to which subsection (a)(3) of this section applies) brought under subsection (d) of this section for breach of any written or implied warranty or service contract, such reasonable opportunity will be afforded by the named plaintiffs and they shall at that time notify the defendant that they are acting on behalf of the class. In the case of such a class action which is brought in a district court of the United States, the representative capacity of the named plaintiffs shall be established in the application of rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
(f) Warrantors subject to enforcement of remedies For purposes of this section, only the warrantor actually making a written affirmation of fact, promise, or undertaking shall be deemed to have created a written warranty, and any rights arising thereunder may be enforced under this section only against such warrantor and no other person. Section 2311. Applicability to other laws (a) Federal Trade Commission Act and Federal Seed Act (1) Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to repeal, invalidate, or supersede the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) or any statute defined therein as an Antitrust Act.
(2) Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to repeal, invalidate, or supersede the Federal Seed Act (7 U.S.C. 1551 et seq.) and nothing in this chapter shall apply to seed for planting. (b) Rights, remedies, and liabilities (1) Nothing in this chapter shall invalidate or restrict any right or remedy of any consumer under State law or any other Federal law.
(2) Nothing in this chapter (other than sections 2308 and 2304(a)(2) and (4) of this title) shall (A) affect the liability of, or impose liability on, any person for personal injury, or (B) supersede any provision of State law regarding consequential damages for injury to the person or other injury. (c) State warranty laws (1) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section and in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a State requirement - (A) which relates to labeling or disclosure with respect to written warranties or performance thereunder;
(B) which is within the scope of an applicable requirement of sections 2302, 2303, and 2304 of this title (and rules implementing such sections), and
(C) which is not identical to a requirement of section 2302, 2303, or 2304 of this title (or a rule thereunder), shall not be applicable to written warranties complying with such sections (or rules thereunder). (2) If, upon application of an appropriate State agency, the Commission determines (pursuant to rules issued in accordance with section 2309 of this title) that any requirement of such State covering any transaction to which this chapter applies (A) affords protection to consumers greater than the requirements of this chapter and
(B) does not unduly burden interstate commerce, then such State requirement shall be applicable (notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of this subsection) to the extent specified in such determination for so long as the State administers and enforces effectively any such greater requirement. (d) Other Federal warranty laws This chapter (other than section 2302(c) of this title) shall be inapplicable to any written warranty the making or content of which is otherwise governed by Federal law. If only a portion of a written warranty is so governed by Federal law, the remaining portion shall be subject to this chapter. Section 2312. Effective dates (a) Effective date of chapter
Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, this chapter shall take effect 6 months after January 4, 1975, but shall not apply to consumer products manufactured prior to such date.
(b) Effective date of section 2302(a)
Section 2302(a) of this title shall take effect 6 months after the final publication of rules respecting such section; except that the Commission, for good cause shown, may postpone the applicability of such sections until one year after such final publication in order to permit any designated classes of suppliers to bring their written warranties into compliance with rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter.
(c) Promulgation of rules
The Commission shall promulgate rules for initial implementation of this chapter as soon as possible after January 4, 1975, but in no event later than one year after such date.
RDP Motorsport//GEN5DIY//Cultrag Performance//JPSS//Rodgets Chevrolet//
Operation Demon//Buy at Invoice//RACECARWEAR
warn 145:159 ban
Drives: 2010 Camaro 2SS/RS
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Michigan
Posts: 756
Does dyno tuning void the warranty?
RDP Motorsport//GEN5DIY//Cultrag Performance//JPSS//Rodgets Chevrolet//
Operation Demon//Buy at Invoice//RACECARWEAR
warn 145:159 ban
Drives: 2010 Camaro 2SS/RS
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Michigan
Posts: 756
hasn't been tuned, but had an offer from a tuner to do it for free so they could have a baseline, was just curious
Drives: 2010 Camaro 2SS
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Canada
Posts: 497
No. Dyno tuning does NOT void the warranty.
Thanks Blur, I have been trying to find that post from the CobaltSS forum for ages.
Drives: 2010 CAMARO
Join Date: Sep 2008
Location: Pittsburgh-ish - PA
Posts: 4,221
this all looks good on paper, but in actuality there's a lot of lawyers involved and voided warranties. . .
Coming form the SRT4 community. There was loads of issues with voided warranties.
RDP Motorsport//GEN5DIY//Cultrag Performance//JPSS//Rodgets Chevrolet//
Operation Demon//Buy at Invoice//RACECARWEAR
warn 145:159 ban
Drives: 2010 CAMARO
Join Date: Sep 2008
Location: Pittsburgh-ish - PA
Posts: 4,221
I completely understand.
But some times it's cheaper to fix it yourself than pay a lawyer, court fees, etc...
Drives: Ralley Yellow 2SS
Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: St Robert, MO
Posts: 7
Does after market exhaust void the warranty? Such as a Borla cat-back system?
Drives: 2SS SIM
Join Date: Apr 2009
Location: texas panhandle BFE
Posts: 1,128
2SS RS SIM gray leather stick shift ground FX
thank you gary richards @ classic chevy in sugarland
welcome home
1100 4-27-09
6000 6-27-09
yes i got to the dance late don't hate me
Drives: 2010 IBM 2SS L99
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: Chesapeake, VA
Posts: 6
Dealers can't void a warranty just because after market parts are on it. Theres a pretty good explanation of the Magnuson-Moss warranty act of 1975 here: http://www.impalaclub.com/naisso/magmoss.htm
Drives: 2010 2SS/RS Blk/Blk
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: BAH
Posts: 338
Hey fellas... first post!
Anyone know if the warranty is honored internationally? I had my car shipped out to the middle east and was wondering about warranty status.
and MR. HYDE
Drives: 2010 2SS RJT/BLK 6Spd Man
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Oxford, Alabama
Posts: 4,379
I have a dumb question. GM has offered a performance exhaust, shorty headers and shifter for this car. Like most we ordered from the factory but due to circumstances beyond our control we had to change because it was not available. SO let me ask, if these mods were available from the factory would the ar have been any differently tuned, also since they are now available from GMPP it seems like it will not void the warranty if I am correct in my assumptions. What do you think
Drives: 2010 2SS RS
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: Tracy/San Diego CA
Posts: 224
Ive said this in other threads -
Every time I see someone offer a MODIFICATION for a car someone asks if it will void the warranty. In short -
Every modification will void some part of your warranty. A dealer has no responsibility to fix, under warranty, anything that was modified after it left the dealership and trust me, they WILL use every excuse possible.
It is good to know your rights, but it takes money to use them and the dealerships know this. It is usually going to be cheaper to repair the car yourself than fight it out in court. I know that the dealer will eventually be required to pay lawyer fees IF you win, but you will still be out a lot of money up front and your car will be down in the meantime.
I have a decent background modifying cars and dealing with dealerships and my message is this - If you cannot afford to pay to fix something YOU broke modifying your car, DO NOT MODIFY IT.
IOM w/ White Stripes 2SS RS M6 #17772
Now - Stainless Works 2" Headers, Intake, Cam, tune, ect
And shepherds we shall be, For thee my lord for thee. Power has descended forth from thy hand, that our feet may swiftly carry out thy commands. So we shall flow a river forth to thee, and teeming with souls shall it ever be.In nomine Patri, Et Fili, Spiritus Sancti
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|Air quality sensing
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185x80x80 mm (7.6x3x3 in)
|Product weight
|410 g (1.1 lbs)
|Non-detachable USB cable, 1.7 m
|AC-DC 5V 0.5A USB Adapter
|Wi-Fi: 802.11 B/G/N
|Wi-Fi GHz:2.4
|Security: Open/WEP/WPA/WPA 2 Personal
|Sends and stores data every 5 minutes
|iPhones with iOS 8 and upwards
|Android 4.1 and upwards
|The entire unit can be recycled.


text: 'Little Bit Long Time, Ali Cobby Eckermann's first poetry collection, takes as its subject the difficult history of Indigenous people since colonial times. Both the four decades of her own often hard and confronting personal experience, and the lives of Indigenous people over the last two hundred years are the furnace in which the steel of Ali Cobby Eckermann's incisive poetic voice has been tempered. Her language has the sureness of one who both knows her subject matter intimately and is able to speak authentically, having reached some sort of resolution in both life and in art.' (Source: EMSAH, University of Queensland website)


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Leupold: Medium Rings #49974
Leupold Quick Release Medium Rings w/Matte Black Finish
The characteristic that distinguishes the Quick Release mount system from the Dual Dovetail and STD systems is the ability to remove the scope from the rifle and reattach it without the loss of zero. This feature can be very appealing for several reasons. In some situations, it may be preferable to remove the scope when cleaning the rifle. Another common application of the system would be to remove the scope before shipping the rifle in baggage when traveling by plane. Often, it is desirable to have more than one scope available for a given rifle.
Mfg Item Num: 49974
Category: OPTICS - RINGS
Type :Quick Release Rings
Size :
Height :Medium
Tube Diameter :1"
Finish :Matte Black


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Topics on making the house a home.
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06 May 2019, 18:25
All about herbs...
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GOSHEN — Democrat Michael Isgur formally announced his candidacy for Orange County district attorney on Thursday, and he came out swinging.
GOSHEN — Democrat Michael Isgur formally announced his candidacy for Orange County district attorney on Thursday, and he came out swinging.
"I think I am not alone in saying the district attorney's office is not doing a good job," Isgur said, speaking in front of the Orange County Courthouse. Under current District Attorney Frank Phillips, Isgur said, the county has seen an office more worried about bad headlines than achieving justice.
Isgur said that as a defense lawyer, he has seen arbitrary outcomes in cases, and sentences that seem to depend on the color of the defendant's skin. The department needs change to refocus on justice, he said.
Phillips, 64, who is in his 28th year as DA, will retire from the office at the end of the year when his term expires. David Hoovler, 44, a former assistant district attorney in the office, a former cop and a former Department of Justice trial attorney, is the sole candidate seeking the Republican nomination.
"Being a defense attorney gives me a unique perspective," Isgur said. "My opponent — he is from within the system. He's not going to change the way they do business. As an outsider, I think I can bring real reform to the district attorney's office."
Isgur said he would change the culture in the office: Give the assistant district attorneys more training, with mentoring for the newer assistants; more autonomy in handling their own cases; treating them as the professionals they are; and ending Phillips' long-standing rule against female prosecutors wearing pants.
"I guess Frank Phillips is the fashion police," Isgur quipped.
Isgur said he'll fight to put cameras in every single police interview room in the county to record suspect interviews in all cases, not just certain cases. He also will seek to install cameras on every police car in the county. Cameras collect valuable evidence, he said.
He'd make sure police officers got better training and guidance from prosecutors, so the same procedural or evidentiary mistakes, which can cause cases to be dismissed, aren't repeated.
Hoovler's platform includes investigations to target drugs and gangs in the county's three cities; aggressive fraud prosecutions; defendant rehabilitation; and establishing better relationships with the municipalities. Hoovler also has said he'd end the ban on female prosecutors wearing pants.
Isgur, 51, a solo practitioner who does primarily criminal defense along with some civil litigation and family law work, has practiced and lived in Orange County for 16 years. He's a graduate of the University of California-Berkeley Law School. He lives in Crawford; his office is in Middletown.
The county's Democratic and Republican committees will formally endorse their candidates at their respective nominating conventions on May 29.


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| 6.9°C Belfast
Arsene Wenger praised a patient performance from his Arsenal side as they saw off Hull to remain on course for Champions League qualification.
Hull started brightly at the KC Stadium but Aaron Ramsey gave Arsenal a 31st-minute lead and Lukas Podolski's double secured a 3-0 win for Wenger's men.
That ensured they would hold on to fourth place in the Barclays Premier League ahead of Everton and Wenger said: "It was a big win.
"The first half was very physical, played at a very high pace, our defenders needed to be very strong on crosses in the air.
"We looked dangerous when we went into their half and took advantage of that.
"In the second half, when we scored the third goal we controlled the game completely."
Ramsey's goal capped an impressive first league start since Boxing Day for the Welshman, while Wenger was also able to recall Mesut Ozil for his first appearance since March 11 following hamstring trouble.
And the manager said: "We were having problems scoring goals away from home and (Ramsey) and Ozil give us a cutting edge in the final third that makes us much more dangerous.
"Ozil has always the timing of the pass, the incisiveness of his passing helps you turn quickly from defence to attack.
"Football is down to quality of the players and you could see that today."
Opposite number Steve Bruce was encouraged by his side's performance but bemoaned missed opportunities and what he saw as a game-changing decision by referee Jon Moss.
In the build-up to Podolski's first goal just before half-time, City striker Nikica Jelavic went down under Mikel Arteta's challenge inside the Arsenal half.
It looked a foul on first viewing and while replays were less conclusive, Bruce was furious no free-kick was given.
"The first goal, you have to say, it's a typical Arsenal goal," he said. "Sometimes you hold your hand up and say it's a real quality goal.
"But the big turning point in the game, we're talking about a refereeing decision again.
"I think everybody in the ground expected a free-kick to be given, we didn't get it and again, a bit of quality from Arsenal - it's a terrific finish from Podolski - and after playing really well we're 2-0 down at half-time."
The Tigers had chances before that, with strikers Nikica Jelavic and Shane Long both threatening while Tottenham loanee Jake Livermore hit a post.
Bruce said: "We had a real few chances, they really haven't threatened our goal at all for 35 minutes, and then within seven minutes of half-time the game's over.
"(Long's) was one where I don't think he was expecting it to come to him, but we've had two or three. The keeper's made a wonderful save from Jelavic, James Chester's had a chance over the bar, Jake Livermore's hit the post.
"So we've had our opportunities and you hope you can take one. We haven't and as I said, the first goal from Arsenal was a wonderful piece of football and then the second one, the whole game-changer for me, is that decision.
"That's wrong, that I'm talking about a referee's decision."
Long was withdrawn at half-time and Bruce explained: "He's got a whack to the back of his calf. He'll be touch and go for the weekend, I would have thought."
Bruce also revealed forward Sone Aluko's absence from the matchday squad was due to a hamstring injury.


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A collection of scholarly works about individual liberty and free markets. A project of Liberty Fund, Inc.
The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza, translated from the Latin, with an Introduction by R.H.M. Elwes. Revised edition (London: George Bell and Sons, 1891). 2 vols. https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/1852,
A 2 volume collection of Spinoza's most important works. Vol. 1 contains the Theologico-Political Treatise and the posthumous Political Treatise. Vol. 2 contains On Improvement of Understanding, Ethicas, and Letters.
The text is in the public domain.
This material is put online to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. Unless otherwise stated in the Copyright Information section above, this material may be used freely for educational and academic purposes. It may not be used in any way for profit.


text:
Kurt Nimmo
July 7, 2010
Fox News has run the documentary "Generation Zero" since February. The film, produced by Citizens United Productions, has a central premise — the economic depression now unfolding is the fault of the Baby Boomers.
|Is Alan Greenspan a Baby Boomer?
"The current economic crisis is not a failure of capitalism, but a failure of culture. Generation Zero explores the cultural roots of the global financial meltdown – beginning with the narcissism of the 1960's, spreading like a virus through the self-indulgent 90's, and exploding across the world in the present economic cataclysm," explains the Generation Zero website. "Generation Zero exposes the little told story of how the mindset of the baby boomers sowed the seeds of economic disaster that will be reaped by coming generations."
In fact, the real little told story has nothing to do with a particular generation. It has to do with a small number of global banksters who exploited a rigged financial system to engineer a series of financial bubbles designed to loot wealth, consolidate power, and destroy the economy.
The so-called Baby Boomer ethos — an ethos created by Madison Avenue and marketed by transnational corporations to a generation of consumers — had nothing to do with the Federal Reserve cutting interest rates and creating a home-buying frenzy that resulted in an unsustainable bubble. It had nothing to do with bad mortgages offloaded by Wall Street and packaged as mortgage-backed securities sold around the world as bonds to hapless investors.
Is the Securities and Exchange Commission controlled by Baby Boomers? The generational demographic of the SEC is irrelevant to the fact this government controlled institution encouraged an unsustainable increase in bank leveraging of speculative trading that resulted in taking the economy to its knees.
It was the "toxic debt" from the collapse of the housing bubble that brought about a full-scale crash of the U.S. financial system by September 2008. As Richard C. Cook notes, the stock market immediately fell, with 40 percent of its value — $8 trillion — lost in the span of a year. $2 trillion of the losses were in retirement savings, primarily held by Baby Boomers. This was not a mistake. It was engineered.
- A d v e r t i s e m e n t
- {openx:49}
Goldman Sachs and the investment banksters performed a repeat of 1929. "They've been pulling this same stunt over and over since the 1920s — and now they're preparing to do it again, creating what may be the biggest and most audacious bubble yet," writes Matt Taibbi.
The Federal Reserve was not created by Baby Boomers. It was a device contrived by international bankers to manufacture booms and busts. No Boomers were alive in 1913.
Catherine Austin Fitts rightly places blame for the housing bubble on Alan Greenspan. Greenspan is not a Baby Boomer. "The Federal Reserve and its long standing partner, the US Treasury, engineered the housing bubble, including the fraudulent inducement of America as part of a financial coup d'etat. Our bankruptcy was not an accident. It was engineered at the highest levels," writes Austin Fitts.
"This new law [the Federal Reserve Act] will create inflation whenever the trusts want inflation," noted Congressman Charles Lindberg in 1913 when the act was rushed through Congress in the dead of night. "From now on, depressions will be scientifically created."
The Greatest Depression now unfolding was deliberately, directly, and scientifically created by the monetary policies of the Federal Reserve at the behest of the international bankers. Baby Boomer participation in the creation of speculative bubbles is completely irrelevant.
Blame must be parceled out and diverted away from the real culprits — and thus Generation Zero plays over and over on Fox News, sending out the misleading message that it is OK to blame the victims. The so-called Baby Boomers will be robbed of their pensions and when they retire — an age that my soon be shifted to 70 years of age if Congress has its way — the Social Security Ponzi scheme will be totally bankrupt. Millions of Boomers and their kids will be destitute.
Brainwashed Republicans will mumble the mantra that the Woodstock Generation has only its self to blame. Meanwhile, the real criminals — the international bankers and their operatives on Wall Street and in the investment firms — will get away with murder and remain free to arrange the next speculative bubble that will drive even more people into crushing penury.
The Emergency Election Sale is now live! Get 30% to 60% off our most popular products today!


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Tilton, New Hampshire
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county and town page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.
Tilton is a town in Belknap county, New Hampshire. It was formed in 1869 and has gone by the following other name/s: Sanbornton East Sanbornton. For more information, contact the county at 257 Main St., Tilton 03276. On the attached map, Tilton is shown as 8 in Belknap.
For information about the state of New Hampshire see New Hampshire Family History Research.


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Rule #1 - Be Patient - Rule #2 - Don't ask when, if you don't contribute - Rule #3 - You have coding skills - LinuxMCE's small brother is available: http://www.agocontrol.com
Does anyone know what it would take to add alpha blending to the Openchrome drivers to support UI2 overlays? I am an enterprise application software engineer and I have done some graphics programming but haven't done any real driver work to speak of. I would be more then wiling to try to get UI2 overlays to work on the VIA systems if someone would be willing to point me in the right direction.
I have experience with working on these drivers for real thinclients as my day job at work. Even managed to get dual head working out of them.What do you require to get UI2 working ?3d? DRI? xv?--Raphael
Quote from: rafelbev on January 10, 2008, 04:42:00 pmI have experience with working on these drivers for real thinclients as my day job at work. Even managed to get dual head working out of them.What do you require to get UI2 working ?3d? DRI? xv?--RaphaelRaphael,The Pluto developers are best to answer this. Perhaps Andrew (TotallyMaxed) or Danielk could forward the question to them and get you guys talking.regardsDarren
It should surely be possible since the Fiire machines have some support. Now if this is a case of using drivers which can't be redistributed by lmce but can be downloaded separately by the user, then its still doable.
This is probably what you are looking for. There is even support for other precompiled stuff for Ubuntu 7.10. I didn't even need any of that crap since I don't use any 3d or mpeg decoding on the thinclients.Do you know how to package the driver ?
The driver needs to support 3 basic things:Composite + Render + ARGB GLX buffersThe Orbiter code is written entirely using X.org standard extensions. My understanding is that the VIA chipsets, at least the latest ones, can support full alpha blended overlay. The problem is that #1 VIA doesn't release the specs, except under NDA & #2 there aren't a huge number of developers who have the skills needed to extend the OpenChrome drivers to support OpenGL + Composite in the drivers, especially for free.


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Women's Group Ministers in Harlem
By Dr. Alexis Vien, wife of seminarian Brad Vien
View the photo gallery by Leanne Parrott Photography
The Women's Group consists of seminarian wives and students; we meet several times a month for community–building activities. The first Saturday in November, we participated in the weekly food distribution at the Emmaus House in Harlem, a hospitality house in the Eastern Christian tradition whose mission for many years has been to serve the poor in the surrounding community.
After collecting food and toiletry items from people at St. Vladimir's, four of us traveled to the Emmaus House in New York City, where we assisted in making over 100 lunches. We then distributed the food and other donated items to people who live in the neighborhood of 125th Street and Lexington Avenue.
The Emmaus House Facebook page dubbed us "The Real Housewives of St. Vladimir's" and said, "Many of the people we serve at this location on Saturday are on the street most of the time, often in the throes of addiction, and not connected to the resources available to them. This is a hard and important work, and one which is in keeping with the priorities of the Emmaus movement which is to serve those who suffer most. Thank you, the Real Housewives of St. Vladimir's, for your outstanding work and service to the community!"
We were also able to tour the House with one of the directors, Michael Taylor, and learn about the many ministries offered by its dedicated staff. The Emmaus House fulfills its mission to serve the poor in its community in many different ways. We saw their thrift store, sidewalk sale, and food market in action on the day of our visit, and learned about the ESL, SSL and GED classes they sponsor throughout the week. We often receive a lot of help and support from others as seminarian families, and so it was a blessing to be able to give to others who need help as well.
As we made the sandwiches, a passage from Matthew 25:35-40 posted on the wall above our heads reminded us of Christ's words: "For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me, I was naked and you clothed me, I was sick and you visited me, I was in prison and you came to me." Then the righteous will answer him, "Lord, when did we see thee hungry and feed thee, or thirsty and give thee drink? And when did we see thee a stranger and welcome thee, or naked and clothe thee? And when did we see thee sick or in prison and visit thee?" And the King will answer them, "Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brethren, you did it to me."


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It looks as if T-Mobile and MetroPCS are indeed following through with their merger plans as they've given a tentative merger completion date of April – June of 2013. This gives both networks adequate time to explain the plan to the United States government and get final approval from regulators. Both networks will also need time to explain the process to customers as well, though it looks as if both networks will run separately for a time after the merger.
If you're unaware, once the merger is completed, MetroPCS devices will be forced to drop onto T-Mobile's 3G cellular bands. Once this is completed, T-Mobile will have more room to produce a high-quality 4G LTE network for their users. As far as we know, once this is completed, MetroPCS customers will then be considered T-Mobile US customers. This would then allow T-Mobile to be a prime contestant in the race for the third major mobile carrier in the United States and give them an edge over Verizon and AT&T if they can keep their prices low.
Does the merger of T-Mobile US and MetroPCS make you want to switch to either of the carriers in the near future? Let us know by dropping a comment below this post.


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