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Plugins can extend WordPress in many ways, without the need to modify WordPress source code. Its plugin oriented design is probably one of the reasons why WordPress is so popular. At the time of writing this article, there are more than 17 000 plugins listed in the wordpress.org plugin database and there are probably even more plugins that aren't listed there. As WordPress is implemented in PHP, all of those plugins are also written in PHP. In this article, you'll see the first WordPress plugin written in C#.
Extending WordPress in C# is possible thanks to a PHP compiler for .NET called Phalanger. Its 3.0 version uses DLR to allow interoperation between PHP and .NET code. We can take advantage of the dynamic keyword in C#, which makes calling PHP functionality from C# easily possible.
In the first part of this article, I demonstrate how to call WordPress API from C#. Second part explains the particular plugin and its implementation details. Third part shows how to create a configuration page for plugin in WordPress section using a new view engine from MVC3 called Razor. I'll finish the article with performance evaluation.
There are number of reasons for writing WordPress plugin in C#. The following list is definitely not complete and you can share your own ideas in the comments!
In order to write WordPress plugins in C#, you'll need WordPress running on Phalanger 3.0, using either IIS 7.5 and Microsoft .NET or Apache and Mono 2.10.8. For more detailed information, see the end of the article. Now, let's start exploring the WordPress API from C#.
Plugins can access functionality of WordPress using a WordPress API. There are lots of resources on the internet on how to write a plugin. The best starting point is the Writing a Plugin page
[1] on WordPress web site.
Thanks to the WordPress API, a plugin can access global variables and global functions. The behavior of WordPress can be altered by hooking into its events which are called at specific moments. For example, the event save_post is called whenever post or page is saved. The Plugin API page [2] provides a complete list of such extensibility points.
In WordPress terminology these events are called hooks and they are divided into:
The following PHP snippet is from the WordPress API documentation:
add_action ( 'hook_name', 'your_function_name', [priority], [accepted_args] );
By calling the add_action function from your plugin, you can associate your function with the specific hook. When the hook is fired by WordPress your function will be called.
The WordPress API is written as a procedural code, so it cannot be exposed as C# classes. There are multiple ways to call PHP functions from C# using Phalanger. In the version 3.0 we have designed an object that allows developers to call global functions and access global variables easily. The object is called PHP.Core.Utilities.GlobalScope and is explained in more detail the .NET interoperability overview of Phalanger 3.0 [3]. You can obtain GlobalScope object by calling the following snippet:
dynamic wp = PHP.Core.ScriptContext.CurrentContext.Globals;
This object allows various operations, but for our purposes these are most important:
Another important feature of the GlobalScope object is ability to past a delegate as an argument to a global PHP function. This makes it possible to hook into a WordPress event:
wp.add_action("save_post", new Action<int, dynamic>(CheckPost), 10, 2);
CheckPost is a C# method with two arguments; first one is postId of type int and represents the ID of the WordPress document. The second is of type dynamic and represents the post being saved. For hooking into a filter that expects the C# code to return a value, you can use Func delegate instead of Action.
Another thing worth noting is that the output from C# has to be made through a stream exposed by Phalanger as ScriptContext.CurrentContext.Output. This is equivalent to calling the PHP echo function. This is important, because PHP can use output control functions [4] when using this stream.
For this article I've chosen to implement plugin that monitors content of posts and pages. Each time someone submits or updates a post or page, the plugin will review its content for occurrence of bad words that administrator can select. A convenient option is the possibility to allow matching of whole words. In languages such as Czech I'd turn this feature off, because there are a lot of derived swear words containing a single swear word that is filtered. In English I'd choose just the whole word matching as there can be a swear word present in a non-swear word. If the post or page contains a bad word plugin sends notification mail to the administrator or someone else delegated by administrator. It also notifies the user that his post contains a non-allowed word.
The plugin works with WordPress 3.3, but also with older versions of WordPress. It supports the multisite installations as well. Finally, the plugin has to be very efficient so that it can be used on really large-scale multisite installations used by thousands of bloggers.
When you have a properly installed WordPress 3.3.2 (or lower, but I've tried only 3.2.1) on top of the Phalanger 3.0. You have to place contentwatchdog.php into wp-content\plugins\ContentWatchdog and ContentWatchdog.dll into Bin directory of the WordPress root directory.
Then it's necessary to update web.config file so that Phalanger knows that it has to load the DLL:
<add assembly="ContentWatchdog" />

That's it. Now you should be able to see the plugin in the administration section in Plugins. In the next section, we discuss how the plugin is implemented.
The Content Watchdog plugin is implemented as a C# class that registers necessary hooks with WordPress when created. In addition to this C# class, the plugin also requires a simple PHP script that is copied to the WordPress plugins directory and bootstraps the C# implementation. However, this file is just a few lines of code long and it would be the same for any other C# plugin.
WordPress has to be able to find the plugin and display it in plugin list in the administration section. There, users can view information about the plugin and activate or deactivate it. The meta-data about the plugin are written in form of PHP comment at the beginning of the file. This is called "Plugin Information Header" [5]. In standard PHP, it is not possible to pre-compile the plugin, so a typical WordPress plugin contains some implementation in the file that contains the meta-data.
When writing the plugin in C#, we will include essentially all the implementation in a C# source code, compiled and deployed as a DLL assembly. However, we still need to provide plugin information. For the Content Watchdog plugin, the file contentwatchdog.php looks as follows:
Plugin Name: Content Watchdog
Description: Allows you to check the content of your site and to be notified when any of defined words occurs in posts or pages.
Version: 1.0.0
Author: Miloslav Beno (Devsense)
Author URI: http://devsense.com
Network: true
if (!defined("PHALANGER"))
die('Content Watchdog is only compatible with Wordpress running on Phalanger.');
if (!class_exists("Devsense\WordPress\Plugins\ContentWatchdog\ContentWatchdog"))
die('It is necessary to add ContentWatchdog assembly in phpNet/ClassLibrary section of the web.config file.');
$contentMonitor = new Devsense\WordPress\Plugins\ContentWatchdog\ContentWatchdog();
As discussed earlier, the first part of the file is the Plugin Information Header. The second part is a check whether WordPress is running on top of Phalanger and its DLL is properly specified in web.config. If that's not the case, the plugin just fails to load and the administrator can see the reason. The last line initializes an instance of the ContentWatchdog class, which is the actual plugin implemented in C#.
In future it's possible to write a plugin which would identify C# plugins and just load the information about them from assembly metadata, but it's just a detail.
The PHP code in contentwatchdog.php creates an instance of a ContentWatchdog class. As usual in WordPress, an instance is created for each request. In the constructor, the class registers with WordPress:
///
/// Initialize new instance of the ContentWatchdog plugin
///
public ContentWatchdog()
wp = PHP.Core.ScriptContext.CurrentContext.Globals;
if (wp.is_multisite())
wp.add_action("network_admin_menu", new Action(AddAdminPage), 10, 0);
wp.add_action("admin_menu", new Action(AddAdminPage), 10, 0);
if (WatchContent)
wp.add_action("save_post", new Action<int, dynamic>(CheckPost), 10, 2);
wp.add_action("all_admin_notices", new Action(ShowNotification), 10, 0);
The constructor gets GlobalScope object and saves it into a field wp of type dynamic. This makes it possible to invoke arbitrary PHP functions using this value. Then the plugin hooks into network_admin_menu action if the site is multisite and admin_menu if WP is just singlesite. When either of the hooks is fired we handle them with AddAdminPage method. The last part of the constructor checks if WatchContent property is set to true. If that's the case, we hook save_post to our CheckPost method that does all the hard work of content checking and also hook all_admin_notices to show notifications to the user.
Before looking at the CheckPost method, which implements the main functionality, let's look at the AddAdminPage function, which registers plugin configuration page with WordPress:
///
/// Adds admin page into admin section
///
private void AddAdminPage()
if (wp.is_multisite())
wp.add_submenu_page("settings.php", Strings.PluginName, Strings.PluginName, 10, "content-watch-dog", new Action(AdminPageOutput));
wp.add_options_page(Strings.PluginName, Strings.PluginName, 10, "content-watch-dog", new Action(AdminPageOutput));
The configuration page for the plugin is added under network\settings section for multisite or just settings for singlesite. The actual output of the configuration page is handled by AdminPageOutput method which is explained in detail in section "Adding administration page with Razor".
The ContentWatchDog class contains numerous properties that configure the plugin and specify how the checking is done. Following code shows Email property.
///
/// Email address where notification email will be sent in case of post/page was
/// submitted with bad word.
///
/// <remarks>Default email is email of administrator</remarks>
public string Email
string recipient = wp.get_site_option(emailOption) as string;
//Check if email is not set
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(recipient))
//return administrator email
return wp.get_site_option("admin_email") as string;
return recipient;
set { wp.update_site_option(emailOption, value); }
The property implementation ensures that the values are persistent across multiple requests. Internally they use wp.set_site_option and wp.get_site_option methods to set and get value. Actual storing a loading logic is handled by WordPress, so we don't have to worry about it.
In an earlier snippet, we registered CheckPost method to save_post hook. When WordPress attempts to save the post we can handle it. The following snippet implements WordPress action that checks posts for bad words, notifies the user and emails the administrator:
///
/// Checks post/page for occurrence of bad word
///
/// <param name="postId">Identificator of post/page</param>
/// <param name="post">Object representing the post/page</param>
private void CheckPost(int postId, dynamic post)
// Don't check it if it's not a post or page
if (post.post_type != "post" && post.post_type != "page")
//Don't check it if it's not published or it's password protected
if (post.post_status != "publish" || !String.IsNullOrEmpty(post.post_password))
if (BadWordsSearch.ContainsAny(post.post_title) || BadWordsSearch.ContainsAny(post.post_content))
//bad word was find
string post_permalink = wp.get_permalink(postId);
MailNotify(post_permalink, post.post_type);
We first check if the post_type is post or page. Other options in WordPress can be custom posts, which we don't want to check. We also make sure if the post is really getting published. We ignore posts that are just drafts or posts that are password protected.
Then we call ContainsAny method of BadWordsSearch on the post title and on the post content. The method returns true if some match was found. When we do have a match we call NotifyUser to inform the user that his post contains non-allowed word and MailNotify method that just sends the email using wp.wp_mail to the email address specified in Email property.
String matching algorithm for finding set of words from text is implemented in StringSearch class. The instance of the class is saved in the following field:
private static StringSearch badWordsSearch;
Notice that this is static field. It allows us to have one instance across all the requests. This is not possible in plain PHP without some caching extension. In C#, static fields can be used normally and Phalanger provides similar feature for PHP using the AppStatic attribute [6]
The reason for this field to be static is that StringSearch class implements very fast string search algorithm. The initialization is more costly, but thanks to the use of static field, it needs to be initialized just once when the application starts or when the set of keywords changes. This is done in InitStringSearch method:
///
/// Initialize StringSearch tree structure
///
private void InitStringSearch()
var badWordsCol = BadWordsString.Split(',').Select(p => p.Trim()).ToArray();
badWordsSearch = new StringSearch(badWordsCol, MatchWholeWord);
The method takes BadWordsString property, splits it using comma, trims whitespaces and saves the resulting array in a local variable badWordsCol which is passed as an argument to StringSearch constructor together with MatchWholeWord property. Then we assign an instance of StringSearch to the badWordsSearch field. We don't have to worry about synchronization, in the worst case the StringSearch instance gets assigned twice, but assign is an atomic operation.
For string search algorithm I took Aho-corasick implementation in C# [7] from my friend and colleague Tomáš Petříček. It's an older implementation so I've polished it a little and I've implemented option for whole word matching (which is basically lexicographic tree implementation). This algorithm is very efficient working with complexity O(n), with n being the length of the input text. Therefore an influence of the keywords count to the speed is insignificant.
When I had the plugin logic working I wanted to create a configuration page which would appear in administration section of WordPress. This can be done in many ways, but I found that the most convenient way (at least for me) of creating a HTML form in C# is to use the new Razor view engine [8] which comes with ASP.NET MVC3. Fortunately it's possible to also use it directly, without including the entire MVC3 Framework.
For those of you who don't know Razor it's an engine optimized around HTML generation using a code-focused templating approach. Razor has very light-weight syntax and it isn't necessary to put tags around code in one language (C#) that is included in another language (HTML). In PHP these tags are <? ?>, and in ASP <% %>. With Razor you can just put @ before each piece of code.
<? ?>
<% %>
For the configuration page, I created a configuration form called AdminPage.cshtml file (razor view engine file):
@* Generator : Template TypeVisibility : Internal *@
@inherits PhpRazorTemplateBase<ContentWatchdog>
@using System.Web
@using Devsense.WordPress.Plugins.ContentWatchdog

<form action="@HttpContext.Current.Request.RawUrl" method="post">

@Strings.EmailAddress
<input id="Email" name="Email" type="text" value="@Model.Email" />

@Strings.WatchContent
<input @(Model.WatchContent ? "checked=\"checked\"" : String.Empty) id="WatchContent" name="WatchContent" type="checkbox" value="true" />

@Strings.MatchWholeWord
<input @(Model.MatchWholeWord ? "checked=\"checked\"" : String.Empty) id="MatchWholeWord" name="MatchWholeWord" type="checkbox" value="true" />

@Strings.BadWords
<textarea cols="45" id="BadWordsString" name="BadWordsString" rows="5">@Model.BadWordsString</textarea>

<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Save Changes" />
This file is converted into C# source file with custom tool called Razor generator [9] so the cshtml file can be translated to C# automatically and precompiled as part of the plugin assembly.
Getting the Razor generator to work was simple. All the necessary code is in PhpHtmlTemplateBaseOfT.cs which I won't discuss in detail in this article. You can explore the source code yourself if you're interested, or simply reuse it in the implementation of your plugin. One thing that is worth mentioning is that, by default, Razor generator tool base template saves the output into a buffer. I've changed it so that it directly writes into ScriptContext.CurrentContext.Output stream – the PHP output stream.
The form rendering action in the plugin is handled by AdminPageOutput method:
///
/// Outputs admin page
///
/// <param name="s"></param>
private void AdminPageOutput()
var template = new AdminPage{Model = this};
template.Execute(); //Sends AdminPage to output stream
///
/// Initialize properties from submitted user form
///
private void InitPropertiesFromForm()
var request = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request;
if (request.Form.Count > 0)
//Update properties
Email = wp.is_email(request.Form["Email"]) as string;
WatchContent = request.Form["WatchContent"] != null ;
MatchWholeWord = request.Form["MatchWholeWord"] != null;
BadWordsString = wp.esc_html(request.Form["BadWordsString"]) as string;
The AdminPageOutput method calls InitPropertiesFromForm which handles input from user and sets the plugins properties. Then we create an instance of the AdminPage class which is generated class by Razor Generator passing as Model ContentWatchDog instance. The Model will be used to get properties and display them in the form we've defined in the AdminPage.cshtml file. Then we call Execute method on template which renders its output into PHP output stream.
WordPress is used all around the world, so it has internationalization and localization built into its structure, including localization of Plugins. As our plugin runs on the .NET platform I rather use standard .NET practices to localize the application. The plugin uses resources file Strings.resx which Visual Studio converts to strongly-typed Strings class which is used throughout the plugin. Translating the plugin into other languages is then just a matter of providing a translated version of the resource file.
To evaluate the performance of the plugin I found another plugin which basically does a same thing. Unfortunately it was a commercial plugin, so it cannot be included as part of the article. However, I was curious to find out how the performance compares to the C# plugin from this article.
I've taken 95KB text and saved it as a WordPress post. Then I was measuring the effect of number of keywords (X-axis) on the speed of the plugins algorithm display on Y-axis in milliseconds. The text never contained the searched word to show the worst case scenario – the algorithm had to go through the whole text.
Content Watchdog was running using Phalanger 3.0 and the other plugin was running using PHP 5.3.8.
The results show clearly a big performance difference between the two plugins. I explored the code of the other plugin and found out they were using algorithm based on regular expressions resulting in an exponential complexity. The enormous difference between the performances is caused by two reasons:
For obvious reasons, I don't want to name the other plugin.
This article shows that writing WordPress plugin can be simple and productive using Phalanger, C# and Visual Studio 2010. I've reused available implementation of string matching algorithm in C#. For configuration page of the plugin I've chosen to use new razor templating engine from MVC3 that I like because clear syntax. As a result, I was able to easily implement a word filtering plugin that outperforms similar commercial plugins available for WordPress.
In order to use the plugin presented in this article, you will need the following installation:
This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under The Apache License, Version 2.0
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After more than 10 months in which authorities released little public information, on Tuesday new details came out about the abduction and murder of 18-year-old Anchorage barista Samantha Koenig on the night of Feb. 1.
Anchorage police and the FBI now say that confessed serial killer Israel Keyes sexually assaulted and asphyxiated Koenig in a shed at his home in Anchorage's Turnagain neighborhood on the night of Feb. 1 and Feb. 2.Authorities said Keyes then left for more than two weeks on a cruise before returning, dismembering her body, and dumping her remains in Matanuska Lake, located on the Glenn Highway between Palmer and Wasilla. Keyes also reportedly wrote a ransom note demanding $30,000 and used Samantha's stolen debit card numerous times, which ultimately led to his arrest in March in Lufkin, Texas.
The revelations come in the wake of Keyes' apparent death by suicide in his Anchorage jail cell on Sunday. Among the other shocking reports following his death are that he may have killed as many as seven other people in addition to Koenig, and details have already been released in the 2011 murder of a Vermont couple in which Keyes was the primary suspect.
The District Attorney assigned to the Vermont case called Keyes "a force of pure evil" on Monday.
When Koenig went missing in early February, it became national news as local and federal authorities sunk thousands of man-hours into the search for her abductor or information that she was still alive. But little information, even after Keyes' arrest, was made publicly available, including the reported video of her abduction. Police said that releasing the video provided no identifying information on Koenig's kidnapper, and chose not to release it.
On Tuesday, that video was made public with the additional details of Koenig's final few hours after her abduction, and the investigative clues that led to the arrest of Israel Keyes.
A cold Alaska night
At about 8 p.m. on Feb. 1, Samantha Koenig was wrapping up her shift at the Common Grounds coffee stand on Tudor Road in Midtown Anchorage. The small shack, brightly painted in turquoise, sits in the parking lot of one of the several branches of an Alaska health club.
That night, Koenig was wearing a lime green t-shirt, which family and friends said was her favorite color. They would later wear shirts of that color to Keyes' court appearances as a show of solidarity and remembrance.
Police say a man approached the coffee stand from the west side at about 8 p.m., and walked up to the window of the shop and requested Koenig make him an Americano, providing his own cup. The security footage shows Koenig make the coffee and hand it to the man, whom police identified as Israel Keyes. He was wearing a facemask with eyeholes and gloves, police said, and nondescript clothing.
Police said Keyes selected the coffee stand for a number of reasons: a snowy winter in Anchorage had seen the snowberms piled high on the side of Tudor, helping obstruct the view from busy Tudor Road, and the shop also closed later than many of the other coffee kiosks around town.
Authorities have called Keyes "methodical" in committing the murders he confessed to before taking his own life, and said that he picked his targets carefully. After the abduction, police scoured security video for the weeks preceding the incident, looking for clues to tie something to the kidnapping. They came up empty-handed, said Monique Doll, a homicide detective with the Anchorage Police Department.
"What Israel Keyes later told us was that was because he had never been to Common Grounds before that night," Doll said. "He had driven past it, but he had never bought coffee there, he had never stopped there, he had never walked around in the parking lot."
After Koenig handed Keyes his coffee, police said he both told her and showed her that he had a gun. In the surveillance video, Koenig is shown putting her hands up and taking a step back. Keyes reportedly told her to turn off the lights to make the coffee stand appear closed.
When she hit the switch, Doll said, her hand passed within inches of a button that would have triggered a silent alarm that would have alerted Common Grounds owner Michelle Duncan -- out of state at the time -- to a problem at the shop. APD officer Jeff Bell said that all the employees had been trained on how to use the alarm, but it wasn't clear if Keyes said anything to Koenig about it.
After turning off the lights, Koenig emptied out the coffee kiosk's register, coins and all, and hands the money to Keyes. Koenig then laid down on the floor, and at this point, authorities said that Keyes ziptied her hands behind her back and cut away the loose ends of the zipties.
Authorities said Monday that Keyes had used zipties during his kidnapping and murder of Bill and Lorraine Currier in Vermont in 2011.
At about this time in the abduction of Samantha Koenig, a person exiting the health club where the Common Grounds shop sits got into a vehicle and backed out. The man identified as Keyes pauses and watches the vehicle closely, but it drives off without incident.
"Keyes thinks, potentially, this person has seen him," Doll said. He then reportedly gags Koenig, closes the window, and walks out of the coffee stand into the cold Alaska night, taking Koenig and her purse with him.
Koenig, wrists still bound, was being taken to Keyes' truck, police said, which was parked across Tudor Road in the parking lot of a Home Depot and International House of Pancakes, a short walk in a crosswalk.
At some point during the walk, the FBI said, "Samantha broke away from Keyes and tried to run away. Keyes chased her and tackled her to the ground. He put one arm around her and pointed a gun at her body with the other hand; telling her that she needed to cooperate, that the gun had very quiet ammo and that she should not do anything to make him kill her."
From there, Jeff Bell with the APD said that Keyes walked with his arm tight around Koenig, the gun pressed into her ribs. He put her into his truck, a white Chevy pickup, and ziptied her further, possibly to the seatbelt, to prevent her trying to escape again.
Keyes then drove Koenig around town, telling her that he was going to hold her for ransom, the FBI said.
"Samantha told Keyes that her family did not have much money, and that Keyes was not likely to get much in ransom," the FBI reported. "Keyes explained that they will raise money for the ransom by seeking the public's help. "
"During this contact and later in the evening he had convinced her that he only wanted to ransom her, and that as long as her family came up with the money that he wanted, that he would let her go," Doll said.
But Keyes apparently already had other plans.
"When he was talking to us, and when he was confessing, he knew all along that he was going to kill her," Doll said.
Doll said that Keyes told investigators that he didn't really engage Koenig in conversation, except when necessary to calm her down.
While Keyes was driving with the kidnapped teenager, Koenig's boyfriend arrived at Common Grounds to pick her up, but found it empty. Koenig's cell phone, left in the kiosk, lights up on the security video as her boyfriend and possibly others try to call it.
Authorities said Keyes, realizing later that Koenig forgot her phone, and planning to use it to send a ransom demand via text message, returned to the coffee stand and retrieved it. He then immediately walked back in and picked up the loose ends of the zipties he had snipped off earlier. Koenig remained tied up in the truck in a neighborhood nearby
A mere four minutes later, Koenig's boyfriend returned to the coffee stand looking for her. He parked his truck outside, and peered into the windows while holding his phone to his ear. If he'd arrived only a few minutes earlier, he may have seen her phone buzzing on the counter inside, or possibly even encountered Keyes.
Keyes then sent two text messages from Koenig's phone, the FBI said, one to her boyfriend and another to Duncan. He told them that Koenig was leaving town for the weekend.
Keyes reportedly asked Koenig for her debit card, which she said she shared with her boyfriend and that it was in their truck. The FBI said Keyes then took Koenig to his house on Spurr Lane in Anchorage's Turnagain neighborhood.
"Keyes put Samantha in the shed in front of his house, bound her, and turned the radio up in the shed so no one would hear her if she screamed. He also told her that he had a police scanner and would know if she attempted to alert the neighbors," the FBI reported.
He went to Koenig's house and found the ATM card in the truck. Koenig's boyfriend reportedly came out at that time and yelled at Keyes, who ran back to his own truck.
Then, he returned to the shed, where police say he raped Koenig and asphyxiated her. He reportedly left her in the shed, returned to his house, packed his things, and went on a cruise for more than two weeks. He wouldn't return until Feb. 17.
A paper trail
Upon his return, the FBI said that Keyes posed Koenig's body in a position making it appear that she was still alive, and snapped a Polaroid. Also reportedly in the frame was Keyes's arm, holding a recent edition of an Anchorage newspaper. He made a copy of the photo and used a typewriter to write a note on the back requesting $30,000 in ransom for Koenig's safe return.
After preparing the note and photo, he placed it in Connor's Bog Park, under a memorial flyer of a dog named 'Albert,'" The FBI reported. "Then, using Samantha's cell phone, he texted her boyfriend, in substance, that the ransom note was 'under Albert' in Connor's Bog Park. The note was recovered by APD." That text was sent on Feb. 24.
Koenig, however, would never come home safe. The FBI said that in the following days, Keyes dismembered her body before driving to Matanuska Lake and using a chainsaw to cut a hole in the still-frozen lake and stuff Koenig's body into the abyss.
James Koenig, Samantha's father, deposited money into the account tied to the debit card, using -- as Keyes had predicted -- money raised by the public in an effort to return Samantha safely.
Doll described the amount of money deposited as "a fraction" of what Keyes had allegedly requested. That was by design, she said, in hopes that Keyes would be forced to continue contacting Samantha's friends and family, keeping a line of communication open.
Police had already been working the case hard, said APD Chief Mark Mew, but this supposed proof of life kicked the investigation into overdrive.
"We were desperate, running full bore on this," Mew said.
Police, after viewing the security video from Common Grounds and another from across the street at Home Depot, began canvassing the city for a white, 3/4-ton Chevy pickup with black wheel wells. Detectives determined there were 750 in the Anchorage bowl alone, and officers from just about every department and law enforcement agency began looking at all of them.
They visited Keyes' home twice, and looked at his truck. Bell said that Keyes was out of town both times, but officers checked the truck off the list due to the presence of a heavy ladder rack and toolboxes mounted to the bed of Keyes' truck. The truck in the surveillance had no such rack, and Doll said that Keyes' had likely removed the rack himself, prior to the abduction.
She said the truck didn't register with investigators because the rack appeared to be permanently attached to the truck, and welded in the corners. They checked it twice only because it had somehow come up twice on the report that was printed of all the trucks matching the vehicle description.
Keyes reportedly made his first withdrawal, using the access number coerced from Koenig, in Anchorage on Feb. 28, almost a month after Koenig was initially abducted. He made another just a half-hour later, now Feb. 29, at another ATM in town. It may have also been his first mistake, though Doll didn't call it that on Tuesday.
"It wasn't a dumb mistake," she said. "He disguised himself well enough that ... there's a 10-15 minute lag time between that ATM card triggering, and triggering all the bells, all the alarms that we had set around it. So he had 15 minutes to get away."
Bell said that after the withdrawals, they placed officers on every ATM in town for surveillance. But by then, Keyes had already left the state, bound for the Southwest U.S. and eventually Texas to visit family, and they wouldn't get another hit on the card until March 7 in Wilcox, Ariz.
Keyes was again disguised in that ATM video, investigators said, but they were able to make out a white sedan and identified it as a Ford Focus. Then, they were able to continue tracking Keyes's movements -- always 10-15 minutes behind -- until a sharp-eyed Texas law enforcement officer saw a car fitting the description of the suspect vehicle in a hotel parking lot.
A man, identified later as Keyes, got into that vehicle and officers followed. Keyes was pulled over, and after being handed an Alaska driver's license, police knew they had their man.
After the arrest
Until Keyes was arrested, police had no idea who had been using the debit card.
"(The supposed killer's identity) was a complete mystery to us," Doll said, until they were contacted by Texas law enforcement and identified Israel Keyes as the man in custody. Keyes was returned to Alaska, where he quickly began sharing details of his crimes with law enforcement.
Police said that Keyes began confessing to Koenig's murder on March 30 and into April 1. He gave them the general location of Koenig's body, then narrowed it down. Her remains were recovered by a dive team on April 2, and the body was positively identified as Koenig a few days later.
Keyes was indicted on charges of kidnapping and killing Koenig, and had a dramatic escape attempt during a routine court hearing in May. Since then, the case has been mostly quiet. He was anonymously linked to the 2011 murder of Lorraine and Bill Currier in Vermont over the summer, and that Keyes was being looked at in connection to other unsolved cases was further confirmed in a court filing this fall.
Then, when Keyes was found dead in his cell early Sunday morning, the cases suddenly ended. Authorities worried that they may never know how many people Keyes -- who traveled extensively -- might have killed. The FBI has released a timeline of Keyes' whereabouts in hopes of finding out more about possible victims.
Questions about how Keyes was able to kill himself while in custody have so far gone unanswered.
Keyes was also denied his day in court, which could have provided further closure for the families of his possible victims.
James Koenig, speaking with Alaska Dispatch on Sunday, said that his daughter had been denied real justice. Koenig had hoped to see Keyes receive the death penalty.
"I'm not happy with it," James Koenig said. "He just robbed Samantha of him standing trial and being convicted so we can move forwarded on getting the death penalty back in the state of Alaska at the state level. It shouldn't be just a death penalty at the federal level."
Tris Coffin, U.S. District Attorney in Vermont, also acknowledged that some families may never get the closure they hoped for.
"This is, in some way, closure," Coffin said, "but not quite the same as justice."
Contact Ben Anderson at ben(at)alaskadispatch.com


text:
Thursday, March 10, 2011
2 comments:
- Jeremy said...
i think you should recreate this digitally and make a silkscreened poster maybe with a lil type tidbit in the bottom left corner... I'll buy one for $20 but it must be an edition of less than 100 and it must be signed and dated.
- March 11, 2011 at 10:23 AM
- Unknown said...
Oh Erick, I agree with Jeremy... I love this so much. You're on to something here.
- March 17, 2011 at 7:56 AM
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text:
These Stripy Glass Beads provide an ever popular design in a selection of 7 beautiful colours. Their round shape make them perfect for creating feature pendants with craft wire and headpins or work equally well as spacer beads as part of a chunkier design. Try using them with Rattail or Leather cords for a simply yet effective necklace.
Sold in 100g pack, contains approx 40 beads
Bead Measures 12mm with a hole of approximately 2mm
Delivery starts from as little as 95p (First Class only £1.95) and we aim to dispatch all orders within 48 hours.
Free First Class delivery is available for UK orders over £25 and free Courier delivery for UK orders over £150.
Want your order quick? Try our Next Working Day delivery service for £6.50, guaranteeing your order for the next working day if placed before 10am.
We also ship internationally from as little as £3.00, simply select your country at the checkout. Is your country not listed? Contact us and let us know!
Click here to find out more about our Delivery Prices and services.
We pride ourselves in offering a high level of customer service (and love to talk about beads!) so feel free to get in touch. Our friendly customer service team is available Monday to Friday 10am-1:30pm. If you would like to speak to us in person, you can call us on 0161 274 4040. Alternatively, please email us at firstname.lastname@example.com or click here to contact us via our contact form.
We look forward to hearing from you!


text:
Upload Supplemental Submission in Brass
You are here
Performers may submit either audio or video of two or three contrasting selections or portions of thereof (ones that show variety in style, character, etc.). The total length of the recording should not exceed 10 minutes. If you have multiple abilities, each instrument should be on a separate MP3 file, as these are evaluated by different people. If submitting audio, applicants can either upload an MP3 no greater than 20MB or upload a web address where the work is streaming. If submitting video, applicants must only upload a web address where the work is streaming (preferably YouTube; instructions for "unlisted" videos are here).
Composers should submit a PDF file containing one or two scores that are representative of their recent work, and, whenever possible, an MP3 recording of the work(s) submitted, above.
All files uploaded must follow the following naming convention: lastname-applicantnumber-worktitle
With each submission, please provide the following information:
- Common Application Number (required)
- Full name and e-mail address
- College of application (please note: ILR does not consider supplemental music submissions as part of their application process, though submissions will still be reviewed)
- Indicate one: Early Decision, Regular Decision, or Transfer Admission
- Instrument/voice part
- A list of the selections (with titles and composers) and assisting performers (if applicable)
- Please note: limit of 250 characters


text:
house of representative
Prominent libertarians have been making the news with various proposals to build libertarian paradises free of government control. Venture capitalist Peter Thiel has perhaps been the most vocal, with his support for building floating free cities in international waters well known. While such grand visions may be possible to achieve, they are still a ways off from fruition. If you are looking for a libertarian refuge in the here-and-now, however, there is a place for you to go: New Hampshire.


text:
It started with complaints of shoulder pain.
The nurse at the Manatee County jail gave the inmate, Jovon Frazier, Tylenol and sent him on his way.
Not quite two weeks later, Frazier again completed an inmate medical request form, citing "sharp pain" in his left shoulder and concern about a possible fracture.
"It really hurts! HELP!" Frazier wrote.
Frazier was once again treated routinely and given some Tylenol.
Later that month, on Aug. 26, 2009, Frazier submitted his third request for medical care. His vital signs were recorded.
In the next two months, Frazier submitted a dozen more requests for care for his shoulder.
Eventually, he was taken to Manatee Memorial Hospital, where doctors found a mass, "most likely osteosarcoma."
Bone cancer.
He was 19 when his arm was amputated, and just a couple of weeks past his 21st birthday when he died on Sept. 18, 2011.
Now his family has filed federal and circuit lawsuits against the Manatee County Sheriff's Office, Corizon Health -- a health care company contracted by the jail at the time -- and Karen Worthington, the licensed practical nurse who saw Frazier on numerous occasions.
The federal civil rights complaint filed in September, and amended in November, by Frazier's grandmother, Shirley Jenkins, alleges that "deliberate indifference" to Frazier's medical needs led to his untimely and wrongful death.
The family did not wish to comment for this story.
Attempts to contact their attorney, Bill Hutchinson, were unsuccessful.
'I need a doctor'
Frazier was taken to jail in February 2009, charged with grand theft auto, possession of marijuana and cocaine and possession of a firearm and ammunition by a convicted felon.
He pleaded no contest to the narcotics charges, and the other counts were dropped.
He was released that following January, and arrested again on another drug charge in July 2010. He remained in jail through April 8, 2011.
On Sept. 17, 2009, he had an X-ray completed at the jail that showed normal results -- negative for a fracture.
But the pain persisted.
Eleven days later, he wrote on his eighth inmate medical request form: "I need to see a doctor! I've been having sharp pain in my left shoulder and I didn't need pills. I done put a lot of sick calls in and y'all keep sending me back and aint tell me nothing. I need a doctor."
Frazier was given more medication and an exercise for his shoulder.
Another X-ray was done on Oct. 29, 2009, and a doctor suggested he would need an MRI.
Frazier was taken from the jail to Manatee Memorial Hospital for additional tests.
He had a "large soft tissue mass" on his shoulder, "most likely osteosarcoma," the doctor wrote.
In November, Frazier was taken to Moffitt Cancer and Research Center, where he later returned 13 times for treatment that included chemotherapy and amputation of his left arm.
The cancer spread to his lungs, eventually causing his death in 2011.
Motions to dismiss
The Sheriff's Office and Corizon Health Inc. earlier this month filed almost identical motions to dismiss.
Both say that some of the time period falls outside a four-year statute of limitations, and that it is unclear what medical need went untreated.
"The best Corizon can conjure is that its employees should have diagnosed Frazier's cancer or sent him to specialists in a more timely manner," the company's motion states.
The motions state that Frazier received medical care but his family disputes whether the treatment was adequate. Case law stating that "federal courts are generally reluctant to secondguess medical judgments," is cited in both motions.
The family's complaint alleges that staff made no attempts to determine the cause of the shoulder pain or to diagnose the condition before it was too late.
Corizon's last point is that it cannot be held accountable for allegations against an employee without having an established policy that led to the alleged violation of constitutional rights.
Similarly, the Sheriff's Office argues that a department employee is not accused of any wrongdoing, only a person hired by its contracted medical provider, relieving the department of any liability.
The Sheriff's Office attorney could not be reached for comment.
A representative for Corizon declined to comment, citing a company policy to withhold statements about pending litigations.
Neither complaint lists a specific amount of money being sought for restitution, citing that the family has lost perspective of accumulated expenses resulting from the alleged delay or lack of adequate treatment.
Lawsuit over an inmate's cancer
It started with complaints of shoulder pain.


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Family and Family Relationships in Antiquity
2nd International Conference in Ancient Mediterranean and Oriental
Languages and Cultures
Wrocław, Poland, 11-13th June 2014
Institute of Classical, Mediterranean and Oriental Studies, University of Wrocław
Confucius Institute in the University of Wrocław, Poland
Scientific Committee:
prof. Gościwit Malinowski (University of Wrocław)
prof. Petr Charvát (West Bohemian University Plzen)
prof. Edward Lipiński (professor emeritus, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven)
Family is one of the basic elements of many ancient and modern societies. However, it could take various forms or serve many ideologies. It could be a part of political interests, forging closer business contacts or support sincere feelings. Our definition of family is immersed in our mentality and worldview on the basis of the historical heritage of our culture. We cannot expect that this means the same for people from different cultures and times. What was the family to the ancients? What role it played in their lives? What can we learn about history and ourselves studying interpersonal relations in ancient cultures?
The most important topics of the conference should be as follows:
* The family as the element of social and cultural life
* Political and legal aspects of the family in the ancient society
* Family, relationships and feelings in the ancient literature
* Linguistic representation of close human relations
* Habits, customs or taboos related to the family
This conference will take a comparative approach, taking a wide geographical and chronological sweep. We warmly invite all scholars whose subject of study is the ancient Greece and Rome as well as the ancient Near East and Far East.
The conference is hosted by the Institute of Classical, Mediterranean and Oriental Studies and Confucius Insitute, University of Wrocław, Poland on June 11th - 13th, 2014. The language of the conference is English.
Proposals are now invited for individual papers. Proposals of no longer than 300 words (in English) can be submitted by 15th January 2014 to the conference e-mail: family.relationships at uni.wroc.pl
The proposals will be accepted after the revision by the scientific committee by 28th February 2014. The final programme of the conference will be released by 31st of March 2014.
Papers will be grouped in different sessions dedicated to the different regions of the ancient world.
The conference fee should be paid until 15th of March 2014.
Additional information:
Every speech should last no more than 20 minutes, with a further 10 minutes for discussion. In case of too many applications, selection will be made by the scientific committee of the conference. As an alternative to presenting a paper, posters can be used.
The registration fee is EURO 100.
Discounted fee for doctoral students is EURO 80 and for accompanying persons EURO 50.
Fees should be paid by the bank transfer to the following account:
Address and data for payment:
Uniwersytet Wroclawski
Pl. Uniwersytecki 1
50-137 Wrocław
Please type in the title of payment your name and surname and annotation "family relationships"
Conference fee does not include accommodation nor the reimbursement of the travel costs. Participants, who would like to receive an invoice, should make a remark in the registration e-mail.
Should you have any additional questions please do not hesitate to contact the organizers, Stefan Nowicki, Małgorzata Zadka, and the conference secretary Paulina Nicko, Institute of Classical, Mediterranean and Oriental Studies, University of Wrocław, sending your e-mail to the conference address: family.relationships at uni.wroc.pl


text:
Leeds Museum Discovery Centre
Home to a million wonders...
Leeds Museum Discovery Centre is the city's purpose built museum storage and conservation facility. As only 5% of Leeds Museums and Galleries collections can be displayed at only one time, the Discovery Centre houses objects not on permanent display at other sites across the city.
From elephant skulls to a medieval log boat, discover many more treasures with regular behind the scenes tours and family activities.
Based at Clarence Dock near Leeds city centre, the new Discovery Centre provides access to the collections and is a fantastic resource for schools, educational groups and researchers.
Venue Type:
Visits are by appointment. To arrange, please contact us on 0113 214 1548. Monday - Friday, 9am - 4pm. Thursday 11am -12 noon and 2pm -3pm free behind the scenes tours.
Free admission
Additional info
- Toilets
- Baby change facility
- Disabled access
- Induction loops
- Free parking
- Conference and Meeting rooms
- To book a wheelchair for your visit please contact us on 0113 214 1548
Collection details
Archaeology, Archives, Coins and Medals, Natural Sciences, Weapons and War, World Cultures
China in Yorkshire
A resource about some of the Chinese objects in Yorkshire museums including bride and groom dolls and dragon fans.
- This resource was produced as part of the MLA-funded My Learning project.
Objects and Stories
Explaining how and why objects ended up in museums in Leeds
- This resource was produced as part of the MLA-funded My Learning project.
The Discovery Club
The Discovery Club is for aspiring artists, and lets you practise your art skills using different techniques, all based on inspiring objects from our museum collections.
How to obtain
Check on What's On on the Leeds Discover Centre website or contact firstname.lastname@example.com or 0113 2141567
Leeds Museum Discovery Centre
Carlisle Road
West Yorkshire
- About
- | Collections
- | Resources
- | Map


text:
The world's oceans – their temperature, chemistry, currents and life – drive global systems that make the Earth habitable for humankind. How we manage this vital resource is essential for humanity as a whole, and to counter balance the effects of climate change.
Over three billion people depend on marine and coastal biodiversity for their livelihoods. However, today we are seeing 30 percent of the world's fish stocks overexploited, reaching below the level at which they can produce sustainable yields.
Oceans also absorb about 30 percent of the carbon dioxide produced by humans, and we are seeing a 26 percent rise in ocean acidification since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Marine pollution, an overwhelming majority of which comes from land-based sources, is reaching alarming levels, with an average of 13,000 pieces of plastic litter to be found on every square kilometre of ocean.
The SDGs aim to sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems from pollution, as well as address the impacts of ocean acidification. Enhancing conservation and the sustainable use of ocean-based resources through international law will also help mitigate some of the challenges facing our oceans.
Protecting Benguela together
The meeting point between Namibia's hot desert sands and the cold Benguela ocean current harbours rich biodiversity and some of the most abundant marine life concentrations in the world. MORE >
An island without water
As a small island state with limited rainfall and a dry tropical climate, Cabo Verde is already experiencing fresh water resource constraints. Changing climatic conditions for local communities will not only reduce the availability of water for household needs, but will also negatively impact agricultural productivity. MORE >


text:
Animate an Icon on the Taskbar when the Application Is Minimized
This article will show the technique to animate an application's icon on the Taskbar when the application is minimized. The main usage of this implementation is to inform the user about some background tasks that are still active in the application when it is minimized.
Integrate to an Existing Project
Some Information about Windows Icons
Before the integration, it's good to understand how Windows make use of the icon attached to a specific application. Normally, there will be more than one icon (with a difference in sizes) associated in a single icon file (.ico). At run time, Windows will determine the correct icon size to use based on the different interfaces.
Icon sizes:
- 16x16: Displayed in Taskbar, Windows upper-left corner, detailed lists
- 24x24: Displayed in Windows XP start menu
- 32x32: Displayed on desktop, by Windows Explorer
- 48x48: Displayed in Windows XP Explorer and system lists
Color depths:
- Monochrome: Not used anymore
- 16 colors: Displayed by Windows if the screen is 16 or 256 colors
- 256 colors: Displayed by Windows if the screen is 64K or 16M colors
- 16M colors (XP): Displayed by Windows XP if screen is 16M or more
First, additional icons are needed in the application; these icons will act as the "animation frames." Because the animated icons will appear only on the Taskbar, you will create 16x16 icons. One way is to use Application Studio to create them. Or, there are also many free icon tools you can download from the Internet. If you are using an external icon tool, you need to import your newly created icons back to your project's resource. Once the new icons are added to the resource, any one of them can be chosen to replace the current one at run time.
In this demo project, a timer event will be fired twice a second to inform the application when it's time to change the icon. To achieve this, you add two message-handling functions:
|Object ID
#define _totalArrayItem(array) (sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]) ) void CMainFrame::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent) { static int icons[] = { IDI_ICON1, IDI_ICON2, IDI_ICON3, IDI_ICON4, IDI_ICON5, IDI_ICON6 }; static long nIndex = 0; if (IsIconic()) { SetWindowText("Processing"); ChangeIcon(icons[nIndex ++ % _totalArrayItem(icons)]); } else { nIndex = 0; SetWindowText("My Icon Will Animate On Taskbar When I am Minimized!"); ChangeIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME); } }
To ease the arrangement of the animation sequence, an icon array is used to keep a pool of icons.
Don't forget to destroy the timer on exit.
void CMainFrame::OnDestroy() { CFrameWnd::OnDestroy(); KillTimer(TIMER_ANIM_ID); }
A new method called ChangeIcon will be created. You can call this method at ru time to change the icon. This method loads the requested icon and replaces the current window icon. The old icon is then removed.
protected: void ChangeIcon(UINT nNewIconID); void CMainFrame::ChangeIcon(UINT nNewIconID) { //get new icon handle HICON hIconNew = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(nNewIconID); //get current showing icon handle HICON hIconCurr = (HICON) GetClassLong(m_hWnd, GCL_HICON); ASSERT(hIconNew); ASSERT(hIconCurr); // replace current icon with new one and redraw the window if (hIconNew != hIconCurr) { DestroyIcon(hIconCurr); SetClassLong(m_hWnd, GCL_HICON, (long) hIconNew); RedrawWindow(NULL, NULL, RDW_ERASE | RDW_FRAME | RDW_INVALIDATE); } }
The Window Class WordThe window class word holds information about the windows's icon, windows style, cursor, menu, and brush. ChangeIcon uses GetClassLong and SetClassLong to change the icon.
GetClassLong Function
The GetClassLong function retrieves the specified 32-bit (long) value from the WNDCLASSEX structure associated with the specified window.
DWORD GetClassLong( HWND hWnd, // handle to window int nIndex // offset of value to retrieve );
SetClassLong Function
The SetClassLong function replaces the specified 32-bit (long) value at the specified offset into the extra class memory or the WNDCLASSEX structure for the class to which the specified window belongs.
DWORD SetClassLong( HWND hWnd, // handle to window int nIndex, // index of value to change LONG dwNewLong // new value );
Passing nIndex with GCL_HICON will retrieve a handle to the icon associated with the class.


text:
Carlsbad, CA – Acclaimed San Diego business attorney Kelly Bagla, Esq. announced today that she is launching her new website (www.baglalaw.com) along with her companion book devoted to addressing and answering the greatest frustrations every business entrepreneur can expect to face – understanding the Legal Lifecycle of their business and how to fully bulletproof themselves to ensure their long term financial success.
Go Legal Yourself™ is by far the most detailed guidebook yet released into the marketplace that clearly explains the Four Phases – or Legal Lifecycle – that any business will go through, and how to properly set up one's business to help ensure its success from day one. Readers will learn what they thought was right, what they should at minimum actually be expected to know, and what they never thought of asking to ensure their smooth sailing in the often perilous business waters that can lie ahead.
"To know exactly where you are in your Legal Lifecycle can enable you to more fluidly from one phase to another, be it from Startup to Growth, or Establishment to Sale/Exit," Kelly explains. "For years, I've had business owners come to me far too late in their business lifecycle – after they've gotten into all kinds of legal troubles or been sued – with nearly the same exact questions, because they didn't do enough to protect themselves beforehand. So, I decided it was time to write this book – to save future entrepreneurs from the same kind of anguish that a number of my clients have often come to me very late to fix."
As Kelly tells it, it is essential for every business owner – from startup to those in the most mature phases of getting ready to sell their businesses – to understand the distinct and very specific phase their business is in – no matter what the field – because the Legal Lifecycle applies to all business types. By preparing in advance, corresponding legal processes and protections can be initiated to help ensure successful outcomes that owners are looking for.
"Because my firm is an expert in this legal area, particularly with helping small businesses to fully protect themselves, their assets, and continuing to grow, our experience has enabled us to provide a range of services to all manner of businesses, from startups to exit. We offer a unique "one-stop-destination shop" for entrepreneurs that addresses every phase of their business. After dealing with hundreds of the same business issues for several decades, these distinct phases came into sharp focus for me, which allowed me to then distill them down in an easy to read and follow format for business owners to help them to button up and protect themselves."
When asked what the most common mistake startups and fast growth companies make that are serious about winning in business, Kelly didn't hesitate.
"Not having the RIGHT contracts in place, specifically tailored for the particular phase of the Legal Lifecycle that their business is in," she replied. "Simply put, business owners often don't know what they don't know. While few parents couldn't anticipate shifting into increasingly more advanced tactics and strategies to successfully oversee the growth of their children, unfortunately, no one has ever provided business owners with a comprehensive instruction manual and overview of how to ensure the healthy and viable growth of their businesses. To address this need, we've come up with a series of customized legal packages, relevant to where each owner is at in their life cycle, along with full follow-up access to an on-call expert that can further advise them as well as anticipate their specialized future legal planning needs."
In addition to contracts and business formation, Kelly notes her firm offers a wide variety of additional legal services to include selecting and forming the most beneficial business structure to protect one's business and personal assets, as well as specialized legal help with branding, trademarks, confidentiality agreements, website terms of use and privacy policies, employee handbooks, licensing agreements, private placement memorandums (PPMs), buy-sell agreements, and much, much more.
Among her most popular legal packages, Kelly observes they include:
Startup Essentials:
* Corporation Formation Package
* Articles of Incorporation
* Bylaws
* Sole Incorporator Resolution
* Organizational Meeting Minutes
* Founder's Stock Purchase Agreement
* Form SS-4 to obtain Employer Identification Number (EIN)
* Form 2553 to file as an S-Corporation
* Promissory Note
* Client Consulting Agreement
* Independent Contractor Agreement
* Confidentiality Agreement
* Website Terms of Use
* Website Privacy Policy
* Website Disclaimer
* One Hour Legal Strategy Session with Kelly Bagla, Esq.
Growth Essentials:
* Includes everything in the Startup Essentials package, plus:
* Director Agreement
* Employee Handbook
* Employee Application Form
* Employee Agreement
* Employee Stock Option Plan
* Non-Disclosure Agreement
* Shareholder Resolution Authorizing Stock
* Board of Director Resolution Authorizing Stock
* Shareholder Agreement
* Business Plan Template
* Trademark Logo Assistance Half Hour
* Three Hours Legal Strategy Session with Kelly Bagla, Esq.
Additional legal packages are expected to be announced in the future.
Praise for Go Legal Yourself ™:
"Knowing your business Legal Life cycle is key to running a successful business. I really appreciate Kelly's approach to educating her reader about the Legal Life cycle of a business. It's particularly helpful for the new entrepreneur who needs to find trusted answers quickly."
— Felena Hanson, Founder, Hera Hub
"The question and answer format makes it easy to understand and even easier to use. Go Legal Yourself will help entrepreneurs learn the legal knowledge they need to succeed. A must-have for our busy professionals. Thank you so much!"
— Desiree Doubrox, CEO/Founder, An Empowered Woman and HomWork™
"Kelly Bagla nails it. She provides answers to the most often asked small business legal questions within the four corners of this gem of a book. If you are starting or running a small business, read it."
— Chuck Sinks, Small Business Coach and Adviser
About Kelly Bagla:
Kelly Bagla, Esq. is an experienced corporate attorney who practices in San Diego, California and prides herself on paying personal attention to her business client's needs. After a successful career as a corporate attorney for the world's strongest global law firm brand, Kelly founded Bagla Law Firm, APC. She loves advising business owners on how to know and leverage each of the four phases of the Legal Lifecycle of their business. Known affectionately by her clients as the "Queen of Business Law," Kelly knows business.
For more information about Kelly and her firm Bagla Law Firm, APC, visit: http://www.baglalaw.com
To immediately order your copy of Go Legal Yourself™, visit:
Media Contact
Company Name: World Class Connector
Contact Person: Neal Sperling
Email: email@example.com
Country: United States
Website: http://www.worldclassconnector.net


text:
Significant coastal flooding a concern Saturday morning
High tide is at about 10 a.m.
A coastal flood warning remains in effect from 4 a.m. to 2 p.m. according to the National Weather Service from the midcoast south to the seacoast of New Hampshire.
The NWS said astronomical high tide in Portland at about 10 a.m. is expected to be 11 feet, and high winds will push the tide to 13 feet.
Combined with offshore seas of 25 to 30 feet, forecasters said that could result in moderate to possible major coastal flooding from Portland south.
Residents in areas typically prone to significant coastal flooding are urged to take action and to consider that blizzard conditions will be occurring as the tide rises to its highest levels early Saturday morning.
In Portland, the high tide will cause flooding at the Portland Pier, parts of the Eastern Prom trail, the Ocean Gateway parking lot, as well as other vulnerable parking lots along Commercial Street.
The tide could also blow out manhole covers due to increased tide flows.
Flooding along the York County coast will result in some road flooding, with some damage possible to vulnerable homes and other buildings.


text:
Live Chat with Sara Price
January 8, 2013 1:55pm
MotoMingle.com will be holding a Live Chat session with WMX Racer, Sara Price this Thursday, January 10, 2013 from 7:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. PST. Sara Price has been making headlines in the motocross industry for years, but find out what she's up to now -- Donald Trump's Miss California USA Beauty Pageant January 12th & 13th, Monster Jam January 19th and an upcoming calendar photo shoot! Not your typical motocross racer!
To chat with Sara, log on to MotoMingle.com this Thursday night, January 10th, from 7:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. PST.
MotoMingle.com -- A place to Meet, Mingle & Moto!! Make a free profile today and meet someone new to moto with tomorrow!


text:
The Role of Susceptibility to Thrombosis in the Pseudotumor Cerebri of Nephropathic Cystinosis: A Case-Control Study
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00071903
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : November 4, 2003
Last Update Posted : July 2, 2017
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- No Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
This study will examine whether the tendency to have thrombosis, or the formation of blood clots inside blood vessels, has a role in the development of pseudotumor cerebri (PTC). PTC causes symptoms and signs of isolated elevated blood pressure in the cranium, or covering of the brain. The disorder can lead to significant, negative effects on the visual system. Increased pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid, that is, fluid around the brain, is a factor, but the cause of the disorder is not clear. There has been documentation of clustering of PTC within families. It suggests that potential genetic polymorphisms-abilities to take on different forms-may become evident after exposure to conditions known to trigger PTC.
Thrombosis comes about by interactions between genetic and environmental or acquired factors, or both, resulting in a blood clot at a specific time and location. Because the disease occurs in episodes, the interaction of the genetic and nongenetic risk factors is important. Cystinosis is a recessive disorder caused by deposits of cystine within the lysosomes of cells-that is, sac-like cell parts that contain various enzymes. Involvement of the kidneys remains the primary characteristic, eventually leading to renal failure. Of all of the risk factors that make it easier for blood clotting, a high level of a substance called homocysteine is of particular interest. Too much homocysteine in blood plasma is a common finding in patients with kidney failure, and it has been recently identified as an independent risk factor for diseases of the blood vessels.
Participants of all ages who meet the Dandy criteria for PTC may be eligible for this study. Pregnant women will be excluded. There will also be a control group of nephropathic cystinosis patients who do not have PTC.
Participants will be asked to undergo the following tests and procedures:
- Medical history.
- Physical examination, to evaluate the eye and nervous systems.
- Collection of blood for DNA and other tests.
- Collection of cerebrospinal fluid, through a procedure called lumbar puncture or spinal tap.
The evaluation of patients will generally last 3 to 4 days. For the collection of cerebrospinal fluid, the patient's skin on the back will be numbed with a local anesthetic. A special needle will be inserted into the back, and a small amount of the fluid will be drawn through the needle. There will be pain for a minute, although there can be a headache lasting 24 hours. Also, there may be bruising, local pain, bleeding, or infection where the needle enters. Patients may also have a magnetic resonance imaging scan of their head. During the MRI scan, patients will lie still on a table that slides in and out of a metal cylinder surrounded by a strong magnetic field. Patients will be able to communicate with the MRI staff at all times and may ask to be moved out of the machine at any time.
|Condition or disease
|Pseudotumor Cerebri Cystinosis
During the follow-up of cystinosis patients under protocol #78-HG-0093 "Use of Cysteamine in the Treatment of Cystinosis", we found that 6 of our NIH patients developed papilledema and were diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri (PTC), whose occurrence has not been previously reported in cystinosis. The goal of this protocol is to identify the role of thrombosis susceptibility in the development of PTC in nephropathic cystinosis patients in view of our recent findings regarding genetic susceptibility to thrombosis in PTC in general. We propose a case-control study. A total of 9 nephropathic cystinosis patients who developed PTC and 9 control nephropathic cystinosis patients without PTC will be screened based upon a thrombosis susceptibility screening panel, including total homocysteine, protein C and S, antithrombin III, fibrinogen, Factor VIII, Factor IX, Factor XI levels, testing for PT, PTT, activated protein C resistance, antiphospholipid antibodies (ACA panel and Lupus AC) and screening for FV Leiden mutation, FV G1628A polymorphism, FV R2 allele, Prothrombin 20210 mutation and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism in patients with severe homocysteinemia (greater than or equal to 100 micro mol/l).
We will compare the prevalence of the factors that lead to thrombosis susceptibility in the cases and controls.
|Study Type :
|Enrollment :
|18 participants
|Official Title:
|The Role of Susceptibility to Thrombosis in the Pseudotumor Cerebri of Nephropathic Cystinosis: A Case-Control Study
|Study Start Date :
|October 30, 2003
|Study Completion Date :
|July 18, 2008
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|2 Years to 50 Years (Child, Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
The inclusion criteria include only a confirmed diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri (past or present) in a patient with nephropathic cystinosis. Patients will be diagnosed as having pseudotumor cerebri based upon modified Dandy criteria:
- signs and symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure;
- no localizing neurological signs with the exception of unilateral or bilateral sixth nerve palsy;
- neuroimaging study showing no mass lesion or hydrocephalus;
- elevated opening pressure with normal cerebrospinal fluid contents on lumbar puncture.
Nephropathic cystinosis patients of all ages who meet the Dandy criteria for PTC will be considered for the study.
Pregnant patients will be excluded from the study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00071903
|United States, Maryland
|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
|Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|First Posted:
|November 4, 2003 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|July 2, 2017
|Last Verified:
|July 18, 2008
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Kidney Involvement
Lysosomal Storage Disorder
Pseudotumor Cerebri
Susceptibility to Thrombosis
Nephropathic Cystinosis
Intracranial Hypertension
Pseudotumor Cerebri
Fanconi Syndrome
Disease Susceptibility
Embolism and Thrombosis
Vascular Diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases
Disease Attributes
Pathologic Processes
Lysosomal Storage Diseases
Metabolism, Inborn Errors
Genetic Diseases, Inborn
Metabolic Diseases
Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors
Kidney Diseases
Urologic Diseases
Intracranial Hypertension
Brain Diseases
Central Nervous System Diseases
Nervous System Diseases


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Storing razors
To those using razors to cut their breads, how do you store your razors to avoid accidents etc.? I suppose you don't keep them just lying around between use. That said, my razors tend to be quite sticky with dough. How do you clean your razors and do you store them in some kind of liquid (oil?) or something to prevent this?


text:
Another researcher goes further back in time to reveal that the third letter of the Greek alphabet is gamma and that of the Hebrew is gimel, both of which mean camel; an observation that leads that researcher to conclude that the names of Gemmill and Campbell share the same origin.
After the Norman Conquest (1066 A.D.), large numbers of the Anglo-Saxon freeholders in England were driven from their possessions, and many of them took refuge in Scotland, particularly in the southwest. It is uncertain when or where the Gamels or Gemmills first settled in Scotland, but circumstances point to a very early, if not the first, permanent settlement of Gemmills located in that upland portion of Ayrshire known as Fenwick. Soon after 1570 there are in the old Fenwick registers at least 23 properties held by different families with the name of Gemmill.(1) The progenitor of the Fenwick Gemmills probably first settled on the lands of Raith no later than 1100 or 1200. Most likely, the first of the Raith or Fenwick Gemmills was from one of the Anglo-Saxon Gamal families in the north of England.(2)
|Fenwick Parish Church
built in 1643
taken December 2010 by Isabel Wilson of Glasgow
Here at Fenwick James Gammell's great grandfather John Gemmell married Elizabeth Burns (April 25, 1745.) Their three sons, James, John, and Thomas, were all christened there. Many of the family members, including James' grandparents, Thomas Gemmell and Alison Wallace, are buried in the Fenwick kirkyard. In this same kirkyard at Fenwick is the grave of a Peter Gemmell, who died as a martyr in the struggles of the Scottish Presbyterians. His gravestone bears this inscription:
Here lies the corps of Peter Gemmell,
Who was shot to death by Nisbet
and his party, 1685, for bearing his
faithful Testimony to the Cause of
Christ. Aged 21 years.
This man like holy anchorite of old,
For conscience sake was thrust from house and hold;
Bloodthirsty red-coats cut his prayers short,
And even his dying groans were made their sport.
Ah, Scotland! Breach of solemn vows repent,
Or blood thy crime will be thy punishment!(3)
|Gravestone of Peter Gemmell (died 1685)
Fenwick Churchyard
Photo taken December 2010 by
Isabel Wilson of Glasgow (see her comment below.)
- "It is interesting to note the various spellings, and how Gamal and Gamel gradually changed to Gamyll, afterwards to Gemyl, and, later on, mainly to Gemmill, though some still use the forms Gammell and Gamble. Gemmell has also come to be frequently used, but Gemmill is the older form, and is the prevailing spelling in the Registers after 1570." (John Leiper Gemmill, p. 22.)
- John Leiper Gemmill, Notes on the Probable Origin of the Name Gemmill or Gemmell, Glasgow, 1909, pp.13, 15, 16.
- John Leiper Gemmill, p. 34.


text:
To create an embedded image of this view, cut and paste this URL into an HTML page:
<IMAGE src="/prairiegold/cgi-bin/gbrowse_img/camelina/?name=:..;type=;width=800;id=2c3354bf1c90421b229a2956b7920098;keystyle=between;grid=1" />
The image will look like this:
If only the overview (chromosome or contig view) is showing, try reducing the size of the region.
Note: This page uses cookies to save and restore preference information.
No information is shared.
Generic genome browser version 1.69


text:
Agra Climate & Weather
Agra is located on the Ganga plain and has a continental climate, with very hot summer weather and cool winters. The city has a very similar climate to the nearby capital of Delhi. In summer (April to September) temperatures can reach as high as 119°F (48°C), and hot, dry winds prevail. Agra is reputed to be one of the hottest cities in India and for those unaccustomed to hot weather and extreme humidity it is uncomfortable in summer. The annual monsoon season is between July and September. Although Agra does experience the monsoon season, it is not as badly affected as many other areas of India. Winter temperatures (November to February) are comfortable, at about 57°F (14°C) during the day, but may fall below freezing at night. Agra experiences dense fog during the winter months of December and January. The most pleasant time to visit Agra is between October and March, possibly avoiding the peak winter months of December and January when it can be a bit chilly and the fog is at its worst, reducing visibility and disrupting air, road and rail travel. Therefore, October and November, or February and March are the best times to travel to Agra.
Become our Agra Travel Expert
We are looking for contributors for our Agra travel guide. If you are a local, a regular traveller to Agra or a travel professional with time to contribute and answer occasional forum questions, please contact us.


text:
A healthy, typically developing child suffers an accident or injury that damages the brain. Its a far too frequent occurrence. In the worst cases, damage to the brain can cause death. It may cause a lifelong disability for the child, including intellectual or cognitive impairments.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, traumatic brain injuries are the leading cause of disability and death in children and adolescents in the U.S. Children ages birth to 4 and 15 to 19 have the highest rates of incidence. In the early years of life (about birth to 5), childrens brains are developing at their most rapid rate, and brain trauma can prevent a child from ever being able to develop the skills controlled by the portion of the brain that is damaged.
A TBI occurs when a blow or force from an external source causes trauma or injury to the brain. Common causes of TBI include car accidents (which explains the spike of incidents in the 15- to 19-year-old age range,) falls and blows to the head. In infants, severe shaking may cause injury to the brain as it impacts the skull.
The results of a brain injury can cause significant impairments physically (i.e., blindness, hearing impairments, headaches, loss of sensation in limbs), cognitively (memory loss, difficulties making judgments, academic problems, communication skill deficits) and emotionally (depression, difficulties with social interactions, mood swings, anxiety.) Often, impairments occur in multiple areas and cause a variety of symptoms.
TBI is an especially difficult problem because it can manifest so differently in each person. Variables include the part of the brain impacted, the severity of the impact and the age and developmental stage of the injured person. Even people of the same age and with injuries to the same part of the brain may experience very different symptoms. In children, the onset of the symptoms can be delayed and thus not immediately apparent. Another compounding factor is that having an initial brain injury exponentially increases the risk of having another. The symptoms become cumulative with each reinjury.
There is hope in the statistics. In many cases, traumatic brain injury can be prevented. The CDC has initiated the Protect the Ones You Love campaign to give parents tips about preventing accidents and injuries in their children. More information about this campaign is available on the CDC website at cdc.gov/safechild.
TBI also responds to intervention and rehabilitation. Many therapeutic techniques may be effective, including occupational therapy, physical therapy, neurobehavioral therapy and speech therapy. Children ages birth to 3 may be eligible for interventions through San Juan Kids Early Intervention Program at Community Connections. To find out if your child is eligible, call 385-3498. Parents of children ages 3 to 21 should contact San Juan Board of Cooperative Educational Services at 247-3261.
For more information about TBI and intellectual disabilities or the services available in our community, contact Community Connections at 259-2464 or email@example.com.
Tara Kiene is the director of case management with Community Connections Inc.


text:
The firms that most successfully address rollovers provide a mix of resources directed at advisors and their clients, according to the latest Mutual Fund Monitor from Corporate Insight. The research firm anticipates questions about rollovers will become more frequent as the job market improves and more clients begin dealing with new jobs and wondering what to do with old 401(k)s.
While many firms had strong marketing pieces that address rollovers, only a few had a "well-rounded" approach that incorporated client-ready and advisor-ready materials. The most notable firms were American Funds, Lord Abbett and Oppenheimer, Corporate Insight found.
The most common type of rollover materials were client brochures, which were offered by 71% of firms. Of the 43% of firms that offered client presentations in PDF or Power Point format, two-thirds included advisor scripts.
The report noted that just having resources isn't enough; they should be easy to find. While 82% of the firms surveyed offer some sort of rollover materials, 36% point to them from the main page of the website. Just half promote them on their retirement resources page. Less than a quarter actively promote their rollover resources.
"We were surprised by the lack of promotion," Jeff Latzer (left), head of mutual fund-advisor research for Corporate Insight, told AdvisorOne on Thursday. "Generally firms are strong in retirement promotion, but even when they're talking about job changes, they're not positioned heavily" to talk about rollovers.
Effective resources should answer clients' most common questions clearly and prominently, Corporate Insight found. Charts that compare the benefits and drawbacks of various strategies should also be included.
Latzer noted one challenge for firms is understanding how to use the materials they do have.
"Some firms only put out one piece of literature or two, and it's important to have that to take to clients, but more important is to have guidance for advisors on how to use [those resources,]" he said.
Latzer pointed out that talking about rollovers often means talking about something unpleasant: sudden unemployment.
"The industry calls it 'job changes,' but most of the time it's losing a job," Latzer said. "Issues within rollovers can be very important and very delicate topics. Advisors stand to benefit from more guidance."
Read Altering of 401(k) Tax Incentives Alarms Retirement Industry on AdvisorOne.


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Womens Mule Slippers
Take your pick from our huge selection of womens mules. The number one slipper for those who like something a bit cooler than a full slipper. Mule slippers can be quickly slipped on and off, combine this with a hard wearing sole and you have the perfect slipper for coming in and out of the garden.


text:
What the future of eating and shopping will look like by 2030
Imagine opening your fridge, discovering you're out of milk but knowing an email has been sent to your local store ordering a fresh bottle.
That's what the food and grocery industry in Australia envisage the future of eating and shopping will look like by 2030.
An expert panel on "future food" gathered in Canberra on Tuesday forecast that technology will revolutionise the way we shop, with consumer choice and convenience to reign supreme.
Australian Food and Grocery Council head Garry Dawson said by 2030 pantries could be automatically restocked when supplies were running low.
Prepacked, convenient meals delivered straight to the door would also be in high demand in two decades time.
"I think it's going to look like whatever we want it to look like, frankly," Mr Dawson said of future food preferences at the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES) conference.
"That's going to mean an explosion in consumer choice."
Coles general manager of corporate affairs Robert Hadler agreed anything was possible, saying technology would "fundamentally change" the way people will shop and what they buy.
But some experts think there could also be a corresponding shift towards healthier, organic produce, with more fruit and vegies on every plate.
With a significantly older population, one panellist predicted a boom in vitamins, organic foods and eco-produce in the average diet.
"I think there'll be a... forever young trend," said Trysh Stone from the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry.
"I'm going to eat in a way that's going to help me live and survive."
Australians should be more "health literate" by 2030, with more people eating balanced meals and avoiding deadly diseases associated with a poor diet, said Australian Health and Welfare's Lisa McGlynn.


text: Dave's ESL Cafe's Student Discussion Forums :: View topic - Troy Dave's ESL Cafe's Student Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in Troy Dave's ESL Cafe's Student Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Film and Cinema View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message warlockJoined: 28 Sep 2004Posts: 16Location: Chile Posted: Thu Sep 30, 2004 5:50 am Post subject: Troy Troy has been the last film that I've seen, it's cool, and I think Brad Pitt is a good actor, the principal idea of the film is about the love, besides the film has a lot action scenes, the ambientation is great, the batles are epic. I think I'm going take my sword I'm going fight and I will save the world..._________________The truth of all predictions is always in your hands Back to top purinnJoined: 06 Oct 2004Posts: 2 Posted: Wed Oct 13, 2004 9:16 pm Post subject: Troy Hi,warlock. I think so. I think this movie is one of wonderful films. The battle sceanes are very real and devised, especially the scene in which Brad Pitt fights against Eric Bana ones. I couldnt stop the excitement even when I finished seeing the movies. But I hate fighting to leave my name behind in the world. Because I think honor is defend my country, consequently I think Eric Bana is leading part. Did you see Troy? No? I suggest you see it. If you see it, you will certainly come to want to learn about Iriasu. Postscript: Orland Bloom takes part in this one. I love his acting and him. You should check him too. Back to top BobiJoined: 12 Oct 2004Posts: 5 Posted: Fri Oct 15, 2004 6:52 am Post subject: Troy Hi I am writing to you because I watched this film two months ago but in my opinion there are a lot of cruel scenes .Do not you think so it is a very cruel and frightening film that is why i did not see its adge.I liked very much the actors especially Brad Pit.I am from Bulfaria and I am a student in Economics I am 19 years old . I am a female and I would like to keep a correspondence with you in English.Please tell me more about yourself ,your country ,the films you like and so on.What kind of films you like what do you think about Coyote ugly about comedies,actions and....My email is [email protected] Back to top hell boyJoined: 18 Oct 2004Posts: 2 Posted: Mon Oct 18, 2004 11:41 pm Post subject: hi, the films is very very best but the last story was very craying oh oh oh my god. thanx my friends Back to top CognitspyJoined: 21 Sep 2004Posts: 22Location: Belgium Posted: Sat Oct 23, 2004 7:35 am Post subject: This movie is one of the best I have ever seen (besides the last samurai). In this movie, i think most central is brother love, love for your country and of course love :p... Though, there are some details not right with the real story. For instance, where was the octopus that eliminated the man who wanted to warn the others about the wooden horse? And why didn't Achilles, when we killed Hector, didn't ran three four times around the castle with Hector's body attached to his chariot. Small details..._________________A tiny ripple of hope Back to top jludahJoined: 16 Nov 2004Posts: 1 Posted: Wed Nov 17, 2004 10:03 pm Post subject: Troy weman have power, they win even a great fighter like Acheles! Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Dave's ESL Cafe's Student Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Film and Cinema All times are GMT - 8 Hours Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Student Forums----------------ComputersCurrent NewsCultureEnglish SchoolsFamilyFilm and CinemaFoodHealth and FitnessHelp CenterHobbiesHolidaysLearning EnglishLiteratureMaking FriendsMusicOpinionsPetsScienceSportsThe Strange and MysteriousTOEFL and Other English ExamsTravel You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum Dave's ESL Cafe is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Banner Advertising | Bookstore / Alta Books | FAQs | Articles | Interview with Dave Copyright © 2018 Dave's ESL Cafe | All Rights Reserved | Contact Dave's ESL Cafe | Site Map Teachers College, Columbia University: Train to Teach English Here or Abroad Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group


text:
Doing a visual album has paid off for Beyonce: She's the leading nominee at the MTV Video Music Awards.
MTV announced that Beyonce is up for eight moonman trophies, including video of the year for "Drunk in Love." Iggy Azalea and Eminem are nominated for seven awards each.
Pharrell is the only male nominated for the top prize. Along with Beyonce, his "Happy" will compete with Azalea's "Fancy," Miley Cyrus' "Wrecking Ball," and Sia's "Chandelier" for video of the year.
Beyonce's "Partition" is nominated for best female video and cinematography, while the Jay Z-featured "Drunk in Love" is up for best collaboration. Both songs are from Beyonce's self-titled fifth album, which she released in surprise form last year with all of the tracks' music videos.
"This album was a labor of love and she had such a vision of wanting to be able to tell the story of this album visually as well as audio," said Lee Anne Callahan-Longo, general manager of Beyonce's production house, Parkwood Entertainment. "She really, really set out to do something special in a visual medium."
Beyonce's "Pretty Hurts," a video displaying women's body issues and insecurities, is nominated for best direction, editing, and video with a social message.
Azalea is still riding high on the success of "Fancy," which spent seven weeks on top of the Billboard charts and is nominated for best pop video and female video. The Australian performer will compete twice in both categories thanks to her other hit, the Ariana Grande smash "Problem." The rapper is not nominated for best hip-hop video, though.
Eminem's seven nominations include the latter and best male video, where he will compete with Pharrell, John Legend, Ed Sheeran, and newcomer Sam Smith.
The VMAs will air live Aug. 24 from The Forum in Inglewood, California. Performers will include Grande, Usher, and 5 Seconds of Summer.


text:
How Ford's Kavanaugh Allegation Came to Light
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