text:
Bounce does not work for Pin 1 (?) Can someone test this?
Just having my coffee and will go ahead and add PROGMEM and then retest. Will try PlaySythMusic again just in case. Not a problem with testing the examples - there is a lot to audio so have to get it done.
Was going to try SD Card play a file today, as soon as I find my extra memory card.
EDIT: Just by way of update I did what you mentioned for Zelda and no dice - wouldn't play. Going to reinstall audio just I in case. I did a copy and replace before so... you never know.
Last edited by mjs513; 02-02-2019 at 12:31 PM.
I counted cycles and scoped output pin pulse width when doing write/read/write (sort of like shiftIn())
I tested with variable pin (digitalWrite) and constant pin (WriteFast ReadFast) and with 1060 fast GPIO6 (SDK APIs).Code:uint32_t t = ARM_DWT_CYCCNT; digitalWriteFast(11, HIGH); int val = digitalReadFast(12); digitalWriteFast(11, LOW); t = ARM_DWT_CYCCNT - t;
Spec for fast GPIO is 150 mhz. For our 3 GPIO operations, 3/150mhz = 20 nsCode:variable pin constant pin FastWrite/Read T3.2 115 cycles width 700 ns 18 cycles 16.6 ns 2.44v T3.6 110 width 350 ns 11 cycles 13.4ns 800 mv T4 180 cycles width 210 ns 75 cycles 120 ns T4 beta 1050 1060 114 cycles 127 ns 49 cycles 74 ns fast GPIO6 13 cycles 20 ns
Last edited by manitou; 02-02-2019 at 07:02 PM.
Looks like there may be some form of stress issue and/or timing issue. With the code like:
I was sort of lazy and did not test display1, to see if it had completed the previous async update...Code:display1.displayAsync(); // Show the display buffer on the screen while ( !display1.displayAsync() ) delayMicroseconds( 10 ); delay(100); // Pause for 1/10 second
Looks like I did not move over a wait for display to complete command yet, but could do something like:
Wondering in this case if issue is with SPI display (display1) or SPI FlexIO (display 2) or with the Asynch support used in display 1 (SPI dma transfers)?Code:display1.displayAsync(); // Show the display buffer on the screen while ( !display1.displayAsync() ) delayMicroseconds( 10 ); while (display1.displayAsyncActive()) ; delay(1);
May have to isolate. The dSSD1306... library has one example app that runs the demo code that can be configured to run either displays, by changing a #define.. Note: This test does not do any of the DMA stuff (yet).
Back to playing and/or adding more issues
No dice - been playing around with Zelda all morning and for some reason those wavetables just don't want to read correctly. I redownloaded audio this morning (saw you updated Zelda) and completely did a reinstall of the library. Still no luck though. Seems to have after a few reads of the score wavetable. Did some prints.
Don't know. It works for me.
Edit: Does PlaySynthMusic work?
Remember to set the switch on the extension-board correct
I'm working on the I2S-input.
@Paul: What shall we do with the Design-Tool ? There are big differences.. 2nd I2S.. MQS, SPDIF-In and more..
a) Copy it and create different versions (T3/T4)
b) Hack the tool and make it more intelligent with a drop-down for the model
I'd choose a)...
I killed my audio shield.
Wouldn't be such a problem (have replacement) if I still had long pins...
I accidentally put it wrong in the socket after soldering in a microphone. (Pin 26 - Air, Pin 25 -> VIN, Pin 24->AGND...)
@Paul - any chance that the chip is still working and an other part got killed?
Ordered long pins....
Last edited by Frank B; 02-02-2019 at 05:37 PM.
If I run this with 500 or fewer in delayus it dies on flakes - taking the time as below and it then recovers and runs clean with proper reset and restart.
I've stopped the dbgPrint in the flake loop so that wouldn't help it work [given initial hang error showed before prints] - as above it is pretty stable - here is that sketch :: ssd1306_FlexIO_128x32_spi.inoCode:display1.displayAsync(); // Show the display buffer on the screen while ( !display1.displayAsync() ) delayMicroseconds( 10 ); delayMicroseconds( 600 );
It still shows count on outer loop and the _isr is still active I just remembered and at delayus(500) the display SPI on p13_LED and loop stops - but _isr is still active - so you could use that to debug dump ?
You might swap display1 for your FlexIO display1 (without Async) and see how it runs the same - the problem may be there?
@KurtE - the code above can run with :: delayMicroseconds( 10 );
The problem is this line in the testLoop() :: display1.display();
If that line is moved to the end of setup() the code for display1 runs fast and well - if left in that is where the timing issue comes up!Code:void testLoop() { // Show initial display buffer contents on the screen -- // the library initializes this with an Adafruit splash screen. // display1.display(); // NOW A COMMENT
This is not a problem in your original code as it never did that twice - so it seems the issue is on the other bus. I'll see if I can find the MAP to move the pins and swap
SSD1306_FlexIO_32 display1(OLED_DC, OLED_RESET, OLED_CS, &SPI);
SSD1306_FlexIO_32 display1(OLED_DC2, OLED_RESET2, OLED_CS2, &SPIFLEX); // and take off the Async ?
<edit> move to SPIFLEX not coming up as wired pins 2 though 7 … original or edited sketch . . .
Last edited by defragster; 02-02-2019 at 05:37 PM.
Thanks @defragster, will play some more later today
Right now Trying to understand how to use the DMA with the FlexIO subsystem...
My quick understanding is to use DMA for one of the 4 "channels" like on FlexIO1 instead of ISRs to handle the IO.
That instead of setting the appropriate bit (0-3) in SHIFTSIEN to enable the interrupt for that shifter, you instead set that bit in the SHIFTSDEN
register and obviously setup the DMAChannel information with the correct source and target...
But what I am not sure of is the DMAMUX_SOURCE_ fields... That is if you look at imxrt.h you see:
You will notice that 0-1 have the same value likewise 2-3 have the same number. So the question is, if I wish to use DMA for SPI TX and SPI RX outputs on Shifter 0 and 1, can I use the same DMAMUX_SOURCE value? or is it like the T3.5 where on SPI1 and SPI2, RX and TX were the same and so you could only use that as the source on one of them...Code:#define DMAMUX_SOURCE_FLEXIO1_REQUEST0 0 #define DMAMUX_SOURCE_FLEXIO1_REQUEST1 0 #define DMAMUX_SOURCE_FLEXIO1_REQUEST2 64 #define DMAMUX_SOURCE_FLEXIO1_REQUEST3 64
Looks like time to do some searches and to experiment.
As to your other question - didn't just try PlaySynthMusic . Had some errands to run and went back to playing with Flexcan again. Just can't seem to get a signal out to the pins for some strange reason. Will give it a try now
The post above is right - MISO and SCLK are swapped in comment and that doesn't fly
It seems SPIFLEX is the trouble. It works up to FLAKES then dies - though _isr fires in above non-Multi display1 with swap of constructor and remove the Async for plain display()
Usually makes it to Flakes {scroll okay - but can die on text or diag lines before that} - then when it does dies on flake #3 or [8,11,39] that is with this longer delay after .display:
And again the pin 23 _isr is still active when display stops.Code:FlexSPI SPIFLEX(2, 3, 4, -1); // Setup on (int mosiPin, int misoPin, int sckPin, int csPin=-1) : SSD1306_FlexIO_32 display1(OLED_DC2, OLED_RESET2, OLED_CS2, &SPIFLEX); //... display1.display(); // Show the display buffer on the screen //display1.displayAsync(); // Show the display buffer on the screen //while ( !display1.displayAsync() ) delayMicroseconds( 10 ); delayMicroseconds( 1100 );
News (problems) from the usdhc front
I can send commands to uSD and also read sectors from the disk
with one caveat:
It seems that on read I need in addition to 128 uint32 accessed to data port an extra read, which seems to be some sort of CRC
I say some sort, as it does NOT correspond to the documented CRC
e.g. reading the MBR (record 0) the additional word reads 0xE8E8E8E8 while the CRC is F01F
the write is not executed by the uSD except I add an additional write of 0xE8E8E8E8 after the 128 write accesses to the data port (512 bytes)
writing any other word fails, that is uSD does not write the data to disk.
No idea hoe to calculate the additional 32 bit word (which seems to depend on block data but is always 4 equal bytes)
(uSD disk is 32 GB Transcendent FAT32 formatted and using/modifying the stock SD library)
or to eliminate this additional word
NOTE: for K66 this word does not show up on read and is not required on write
Edit: I know
that is, the CRC estimation is somewhat complex and I would like to avoid it, I could not find any hint on hoe to tell system to ignore CRC.When the wide bus option is used, the data is transferred 4 bits at a time. Start and end bits, as well as the CRC bits, are transmitted for every one of the DAT lines. CRC bits are calculated and checked for every DAT line individually.
(it seems no issue with K66)
Last edited by defragster; 02-07-2019 at 07:57 AM. Reason: update read issue found
Just tried PlyaSynthMusic and it does not work - had the switch set to i2s1. The thing I noticed is that with the wavetable (progmem) examples when the sketch stops the LED starts blinking until I load another sketch or reset. Also anything other than using SGT5000/i2s1 as output does not work either, i.e., codec, audioout etc. Have to do some debugging on progmem later - have to go out now.
Looks like some of the Flex stuff needs some more debugging, especially when used with other things.
Wondering is it hanging or just not updating properly? If hanging, maybe need to setup some form of timeout and try to figure out what states are at the time things are not working...
If not updating properly, maybe need to grab state at startup of each display attempt and try to see if some state values are not correct...
Edit: comment on the example app on github was updated
@Paul- using external editor with KurtE's long samples - not seen the Ctrl+U delay. So it is IDE file system use - really weird on File/Open Recent - and that @tonton81 sees it too.
I didn't restart IDE and Teensy tools yet so T4 Teensy port still missing - so using IDE SerMon and have to do Ctrl+U because button press upload leaves IDE_SerMon closed and orphaned until close/open
@KurtE - removed Flakes from testLoop() and shortened scroll delays/10 (hasn't died in scroll yet) - it will complete a couple of loops but dies there too after 0,1,3,4 or 6 passes in one of the drawings - so SPIFLEX fail not unique to Flakes. And to be clear - the loop() stops or it would be showing completed loops - not just an output failure - but interesting the _isr still active and not faulted. So it seems to be stuck in some loop in SPIFLEX code. I could probably find where with debug_tt ...
I changed the code to also output a loop counter on the displays and shortened the delay to 10...
The function now looks like:
It now has been running for maybe an hour or two, and the counters are showing over 395K loops, still running...Code:void testanimate(const uint8_t *bitmap, uint8_t w, uint8_t h) { int8_t f, icons[NUMFLAKES][3]; // Initialize 'snowflake' positions for (f = 0; f < NUMFLAKES; f++) { icons[f][XPOS] = random(1 - LOGO_WIDTH, display1.width()); icons[f][YPOS] = -LOGO_HEIGHT; icons[f][DELTAY] = random(1, 6); Serial.print(F("x: ")); Serial.print(icons[f][XPOS], DEC); Serial.print(F(" y: ")); Serial.print(icons[f][YPOS], DEC); Serial.print(F(" dy: ")); Serial.println(icons[f][DELTAY], DEC); } uint32_t loop_count= 0; display1.setTextSize(1); // Normal 1:1 pixel scale display1.setTextColor(WHITE); // Draw white text display2.setTextSize(1); // Normal 1:1 pixel scale display2.setTextColor(WHITE); // Draw white text for (;;) { // Loop forever... display1.clearDisplay(); // Clear the display buffer display2.clearDisplay(); // Clear the display buffer // Draw each snowflake: for (f = 0; f < NUMFLAKES; f++) { display1.drawBitmap(icons[f][XPOS], icons[f][YPOS], bitmap, w, h, WHITE); display2.drawBitmap(icons[f][XPOS], icons[f][YPOS], bitmap, w, h, WHITE); } loop_count++; display1.setCursor(0, 0); // Start at top-left corner display1.print(loop_count,DEC); display2.setCursor(0, 0); // Start at top-left corner display2.print(loop_count,DEC); display1.displayAsync(); // Show the display buffer on the screen display2.display(); // Show the display buffer on the screen while (display1.displayAsyncActive()) ; delay(10); // Pause for 1/10 second // Then update coordinates of each flake... for (f = 0; f < NUMFLAKES; f++) { icons[f][YPOS] += icons[f][DELTAY]; // If snowflake is off the bottom of the screen... if (icons[f][YPOS] >= display1.height()) { // Reinitialize to a random position, just off the top icons[f][XPOS] = random(1 - LOGO_WIDTH, display1.width()); icons[f][YPOS] = -LOGO_HEIGHT; icons[f][DELTAY] = random(1, 6); } } } }
Do you have an example one that hangs for you? might help to start from there to figure out why.
That "fix" may be just "covering the warning light"? SPI@30mhz block transfer ran twice and hung ?
In flexSPI.cpp, if i change transfer() while to while (tx_count) instead of rx_count, sketch doesn't hang @30mhz (26.7 mbs), no inter-frame gaps
Sounds like probably need to have some form of timeout here... May also need to do more efficient ISR handling. Although I tried to short cut some of this stuff...
Just as a quick and dirty test of PROGMEM I created a quick sketch to read the score array and then print it out. It worked without an problem, but I did have to delete the "const" before the array for the test since it caused an error in types with the pointer. I did the same with the example, it seemed to read the data correctly this time but then hung the T4 (little red light kept blinking when it hung). reloading a good sketch resolved that problem.
Not sure where the problem is. Like you said we will figure it out.
I got runs of ~600, ~200 and the last 4257. Moved loop_count global and prints from the _isr button to avoid mag lens to read: 828, 37 and 908 are the last three counts.
That updated non-Multi sketch is ::>> Using crummy molded end jumpers wires - though short - on new EleGoo breadboard. Not crossing the Serial# lines and just passing T4 to TView. Last runs: 1092, 4544, 868.ssd1306_FlexIO_128x32_spi.ino
// SSD1306_FlexIO_32 display1(OLED_DC2, OLED_RESET2, OLED_CS2, &SPIFLEX);
and _isr button on pin #23
TView is uncut&unsoldered on under OLED jumpers. Though I did minimal solder only on used pins so I could remove if desired. Did a brief look for 2nd TView - but not in the right spot to find it
Last edited by defragster; 02-02-2019 at 09:57 PM.
Reading this post made me decide to use TyComm as sermon for T4 - I have to manually handle Serial enable to free the T4 to program.
@KURTE! since doing that I got one run of latest TView FlexSPI at 10890 before I stopped it, and the current run is at 24,512 and counting the flying Flakes.
I'm going to bail on SerMon and TLOader and try the Integrated TyComm_beta_T4 code. It seems something in the IDE USB is my problem - not hopefully what I thought was TyComm.
NOTE: This [AdaFruit] KurtE sketch only dumps to USB 11 lines on startup - so it isn't even active.
OLED Flakes cnt was 44159 - but pushing the button was followed by a break so restarted and it just passed 7,000 no problem - before my max was 6.
<edit> Beta TyComm Integrated and it is running free of IDE SerMon. Since restarting the IDE - it now again shows all three Teensy's under:: Port / Teensy
First TyComm upload failed to run - but ran on GUI RESET. Next Upload is fine at 25+K Flake cycles
Also note USB is online in FASTER with TyComm - it was close to 2000 millis again when Serial is there at 305ms. With TyComm USB online at 383ms!
Flakes do fail on some starts with low counts - suspect it is the issue I was seeing in testing micros() where there was some soon after loop() entry CPU hit that made the test miss a microsecond count. As noted - am hoping/expecting all this to work out when new USB code comes to T4.
KurtE - Flakes is FINE again at 34K and counting ! It seems the FlexSPI is fine, when it doesn't get a timing hit?
Last edited by defragster; 02-02-2019 at 10:40 PM.
@defragster - Running your version of the sketch now...
In order to make it easier to read without magnifier, I changed setTextSize(2) instead of 1
I just screwed up and was thinking I was plugging in my USB to Serial adapter to my PC, but instead to wall wart (power for RPI3) and for some reason the Adafruit board started to show magic smoke... So now I am going into my parts and grabbing a different converter. Maybe Sparkfun FTDI Basic 3.3v version...
I had your version hang once... Did not have button hooked up nor other serial port... Current run > 88000
Need to setup the sparkfun hunit... Not sure if I will put on Serial1 or Serial4...


text:
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Calcium and vitamin D maintained and strengthened bones in women in two studies.
Researchers from Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, recruited 44 overweight pre-menopausal women, average age 38, to take calcium while dieting or while maintaining weight for six months. The dieters took a normal amount of calcium—1,000 mg per day—or a high dose of 1,800 mg per day, while non-dieters took 1,000 mg of calcium per day. Scientists noted that people typically lose bone density when losing weight, but that no bone studies exist on overweight pre-menopausal women who diet.
Women in the normal and high calcium diet groups lost an average of 7.2% of body weight with no significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD, a measure of bone strength) and researchers found no signs in the blood that the dieters were losing bone. Doctors also found that the dieters were able to absorb an adequate total amount of calcium from their diets and supplements and concluded that taking calcium while losing weight helps maintain healthy bones.
In research funded by the U.S. Department of Defense, doctors studied bone stress fractures in 5,201 female Navy recruits aged 17 to 35 from 2002 through 2006. Recruits took 2,000 mg of calcium plus 800 IU of vitamin D per day or a placebo during the eight week basic training period. Over the study period, 170 recruits in the placebo group suffered stress fractures compared to 136 recruits in the calcium/vitamin D group, meaning that calcium and vitamin D reduced risk for stress fractures by 20%.
Researchers noted that recruits who had a history of regular exercise had lower risk for fractures than did those who had not exercised regularly and that those who smoked had higher fracture risk than non-smokers. Doctors were not expecting to find such a significant bone benefit in such a short period of time and concluded that calcium and vitamin D reduced risk for stress fractures.
Reference:Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85(4):972-80.
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Information provided on this site is solely for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Read more©2000-2020 Nutrition Express. All rights reserved.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Manifests Early
Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Manifests Early
By Kristina Fiore, Staff Writer, MedPage Today
Action Points
Some patients show a genetic tendency to Alzheimer's disease which may be associated with brain changes, as well as blood and cerebrospinal biomarkers, long before clinical symptoms appear.
Note that in a second study in the same population, fibrillar amyloid beta began to accumulate at around age 28 and plateaued around age 37, long before the expected onset of symptomatic disease.
Patients at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease developed changes in the brain, as well as blood and cerebrospinal biomarkers, in their 20s — long before clinical symptoms would have been expected to appear, two imaging studies showed.
In a family of SPEN1 E280A mutation carriers, those ages 18 to 26 had elevated levels of beta amyloid in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood (P=0.008 and P=0.01, respectively), reported Eric Reiman, MD, of Banner Alzheimer's Institute in Phoenix, and colleagues online in The Lancet Neurology.
In a second study in the same population, fibrillar amyloid beta began to accumulate at around age 28 and plateaued around age 37, long before the expected onset of symptomatic disease, the researchers said.
Given the disappointing results of drug therapy aimed at amyloid beta deposition thus far, researchers are now looking for ways to recognize Alzheimer's in its earlier stages, theorizing that medications given to symptomatic patients may be too little, too late.
So to identify characteristics of the disease in asymptomatic patients who are genetically susceptible to developing Alzheimer's, Reiman and colleagues assessed a family in Antioquia, Colombia, that carries the PSEN1 E280A mutation.
Patients in this family have a median age of onset of 44 for mild cognitive impairment and 49 for onset of dementia.
In one study, the researchers compared mutation carriers, ages 18 to 26, with non-carriers between January and August 2010. All 44 patients (20 carriers, 24 non-carriers) had structural MRI, functional MRI, and cognitive assessments.
Among these patients, 10 carriers and 10 non-carriers also had CSF and plasma samples taken as well.
The researchers found that carriers had significantly higher levels of amyloid beta in both CSF and plasma (P=0.008 and P=0.01, respectively).
These raised levels "seem to precede the reduced CSF [amyloid beta] concentrations that have been reported in the subsequent pre-clinical and clinical stages of both late-onset and familial Alzheimer's disease and that are thought to be a result of deposition of diffuse and neuritic plaques in the subsequent pre-clinical stages," the researchers wrote.
They also found that carriers had greater right hippocampal and parahippocampal activation (P=0.001 and P<0.014, respectively), as well as less precuneus and posterior cingulate deactivation (P<0.01).
"These findings suggest that brain changes begin many years before the clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease, and even before the onset of amyloid plaque deposition," Reiman said in a statement. "They raise new questions about the earliest brain changes involved in the predisposition to Alzheimer's and the extent to which they could be targeted by future prevention therapies."
The study was limited by its small sample size and by the absence of longitudinal data. It's also unclear if the findings are generalizable to other forms of Alzheimer's disease.
In an accompanying editorial, Nick Fox, MD, of University College London, also highlighted these limitations, noting that the cross-sectional data can't determine exactly when such changes began or how they've advanced over time.
Still, the findings suggest that Alzheimer's patients may go through a long pre-symptomatic period that can be tracked and targeted for therapeutic intervention.
"Pragmatically, we might need to balance potential benefits of very early treatment against greater feasibility of trials in presymptomatic individuals nearer to clinical onset," he wrote. "These are difficult choices but ones with substantial implications for future trials in Alzheimer's disease."
In the second study in the same group of patients, Adam Fleisher, MD, also of Banner Alzheimer's Institute in Phoenix, along with Reiman and colleagues, assessed 11 symptomatic patients, 19 pre-symptomatic mutation carriers, and 20 asymptomatic non-carriers, ages 20 to 56.
All patients had florbetapir amyloid PET scans to determine early brain changes.
The researchers found that fibrillar amyloid beta began to accumulate in mutation carriers at a mean age of 28.2 years, about 16 years before the predicted median age at onset of mild cognitive impairment, and 21 years before anticipated dementia onset.
Deposition then rose steeply over the next 9.4 years, the researchers reported, plateauing at a mean age of 37.6 years, or about 6 years before MCI onset and 11 years before dementia onset, they wrote.
Florbetapir binding was seen in the anterior and posterior cingulate, precuneus, and parietotemporal and frontal grey matter, as well as in the basal ganglia, they added.
In an accompanying editorial, William Jagust, MD, of the University of California at Berkeley, wrote that these results are similar to those of the DIAN (Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network) study, which found that amyloid beta accumulation was seen 15 years, on average, before the onset of progressive cognitive decline.
Jagust also highlighted the limitations of this study, including the lack of longitudinal data and the fact that the findings may not apply to other forms of Alzheimer's.
"Autosomal-dominant disease, for example, is probably related to overproduction of amyloid beta, whereas Alzheimer's disease related to the APOE e4 genotype is more closely associated with reduced clearance of amyloid beta," Jagust wrote.
Still, the two studies taken together suggest that CSF amyloid beta levels "could be an early indicator of disease, and that neural alterations can precede or accompany evidence of brain amyloid beta deposition," he concluded.
The studies were supported by Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Banner Alzheimer's Foundation, Nomis Foundation, Anonymous Foundation, Forget Me Not Initiative, Colciencias, the National Institute on Aging, the state of Arizona, Boston University Department of Psychology, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
The researchers reported relationships with Eli Lilly, Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Amgen, Genentech, iPierian, Noscira, Minerva Biotechnologies, Abbott, AC Immune, Adamas, Allergan, Avanir, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Chase Pharmaceuticals, Chiesi, Eisai, Elan, Medavante, Merz, Neuroptix, Novartis, Otsuka, Sanofi, Schering-Plough, Worldwide Clinical Trials, AstraZeneca, BMS, GSK, Janssen, Medivation, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Toyama, Wyeth, Baxter, Functional Neuromodulation, GE Healthcare, and Targacept.
Fox reported relationships with Alzheimer's Research UK, the Alzheimer's Society, BMS, Eisai, Elan, GE Healthcare, Janssen, Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer/Wyeth, and the Wolfson Foundation.
Jagust reported relationships with Synarc, TauRx, Genentech, and Siemens.


text:
Selena Gomez's David Letterman Diss To Justin Bieber Needs To Be Her Last
Selena, yes you were funny Monday, Mar. 18 on 'The Late Show' when you joked that you'd made Justin cry, but if you were a guy and did the same thing to an ex-girlfriend, people would think you're really mean. So, you've got to stop doing this.
Selena Gomez, I totally sympathize with how much Justin Bieber broke your heart toward the end of your two-year relationship, and you definitely made a funny diss on The Late Show last night when you agreed with David Letterman that you had also made Justin cry. But, what seemed funny at the time was probably a lot less funny to Justin.
You know that Justin still isn't over you – he's still calling you and texting you, and it's no doubt he misses his best friend, which you were. It has to be really hard on him to see you making fun of your breakup.
I definitely think that this is one of those cases that a woman can get away with making fun of a guy and his feelings, and it comes across as funny. But if that were Justin doing the very same thing to you, it would totally be perceived as mean. So put yourself in Justin's shoes.
If he was laughing at making you cry, how awful would that be? it would really be mean spirited and cruel.
Don't Become Taylor Swift
So, don't take a page from your BFF Taylor Swift and turn dissing Justin into a career. Taylor feels very strongly about expressing herself and reacting back to whats happened in her romantic relationships through her singing and songwriting, but Taylor's also now taking a lot of heat for it from both her fans and ex-boyfriend Harry Styles' fans.
At a certain point, it really does seem to be too much. Just because Taylor's doing it, doesn't mean you should do it.
You've already dissed Justin! You've done two videos, dancing to songs that are clearly dissing Justin, "Everybody Knows (D–chebag)" and Taylor's "I Knew You Were Trouble."
I told you then, Selena – it was enough. But I think now, even if people ask you about Justin, you should take the high road. That's what Justin's doing.
Whenever hes been asked about you, or he's sung anything that could be related to you, he's always being sympathetic, letting the world know that you meant a lot to him, without trashing you.
So, Selena let the joke on The Late Show be your last diss. Do YOU agree HollywoodLifers?
WATCH: Selena Gomez Says She Made Justin Bieber Cry On Letterman
— Bonnie Fuller
More Justin & Selena News:
- Justin Bieber Cries In Concert After Selena Gomez Split — Watch
- Selena Gomez To Justin Bieber: 'Cry Me A River'
- Justin Bieber Crying After Selena Gomez Breakup — Will Tears Will Her Back?


text:
mitosismītō´sĭs, mĭ– [key], process of nuclear division in a living cell by which the carriers of hereditary information, or the chromosomes, are exactly replicated and the two copies distributed to identical daughter nuclei. Mitosis is almost always accompanied by cell division (cytokinesis), and the latter is sometimes considered a part of the mitotic process. The pattern of mitosis is fundamentally the same in all cells. However, while animal cells apparently divide by pinching into two separate cells, plant cells develop a cell plate, which becomes a cellulose cell wall between the two daughter cells. The importance of mitosis is the maintenance of the chromosomal set; each cell formed receives chromosomes that are alike in composition and equal in number to the chromosomes of the parent cell.
Sections in this article:
- Introduction
- The Stages of Mitosis
- Meiosis and Amitosis
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Cell Biology


text:
His Highness Sheikh Ahmad Yasin says: Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh)'s portents have been realized.
SHEIKH AHMAD YASIN: "What are the portents," this is actually a serious matter, "..to state if Hazrat Mahdi has come or not?"
We began to talk about Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh) because we set our heart on him, because we have a duty and because we took orders about this, with regard to that command. Ever since that day, in these six months death threats we received are innumerable. They reached six thousands in six months. The ones saying "O we will burn the buildings and the Islamic monasteries" are may be more than six thousand. The ones saying "We'll do this and we'll do that"; these are not included. The ones saying "Come and announce our sheikh as the Mahdi and we will give you this and this," such offers are not included either. The truth will come out no matter who does what.
SHEIKH AHMAD YASIN: Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh) is alive. My brother asked about his portents; saying "what is the portent as to he has come or not". That upset me very much, it made me exceedingly upset. Do you not live on this Earth? Are you living somewhere else?
Are you not aware of anything that has happened since the year 1970? Do you not know the incidents that occurred in our country, in Islam countries and in Istanbul in '80s? The incidents in the East and the West, the war in Afghanistan, the Iran-Iraq war, the burning down of Kuwait; do you not know anything about the hadiths of our Prophet (saas)? The water of the Euphrates being halted; the mountains of gold coming out beneath it. Black gold and white gold came out. The comet appeared. All of these happened. There had been the attack on the Kabaa. Are you not aware of any of these? What more portent are you talking about? Are these only news? You also do not care about the Palestinians; because you've got used to it, they made you get used to it. They made you get used to such incidents as well.. Do you not follow any of them? We are screaming out saying that the End of Times has come. Did our Prophet (saas) not say that "nothing will remain secret as the Day of Judgment approaches?" What has remained secret?
We are saying that the Prophet Jesus (pbuh) will come. We are saying that his time has come. We say that within this next 12 years, within the coming ten or twelve Muharram [The first month of Islamic Calendar]; within ten or twelve years, the Prophet Jesus (pbuh) will come and perform the prayer behind him [Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh] and we are saying we will see some things.
SHEIKH AHMAD YASIN: Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh) senses and knows himself. If Allah grants and I reach that day, I will be one of the first people to support and announce Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh) insha'Allah! I am striving for that. How come you do not know these, and ask the portents as to whether he has come or not? That is why you have been sitting back.
Related Works


text:
hi everyone. how are you?
i have a class square that inherits the rectangle class. what i have is center coordinates of the center of a square. i have figured the arithmetic to getting the coords of the top left coord of the square (rectangle). what i need to do is to use the methods setSize and setLocation of the Rectangle class to tell the program that these new coordinates are where the square actually is, and then i can return the values to the user, but how do i properly use the methods setSize and setLocation?
import java.awt.Rectangle; public class Square extends Rectangle { public int x; public int y; public int sideLength; public Square(int xCoord, int yCoord, int lengthOfSide) { x = xCoord; y = yCoord; sideLength = lengthOfSide; } int xCoordTopLeft = x - sideLength / 2; int yCoordTopLeft = y + sideLength / 2; Rectangle r = new Rectangle(x, y); [B]r.setLocation(xCoordTopLeft, yCoordTopLeft); // error - says parentheses are misplaced r.setSize(sideLength, sideLength); //error[/B] public int getArea() { int area = sideLength * sideLength; return area; } }


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Joined: 30 May 2013
Posts: 293
Posted: Sun 22 Sep 2013, 09:23
Post subject:
Using the
portable app
(from the first post in this thread) I got Dropbox working on my Lupu 5.1, but it was a bit difficult. It runs, even without python installed, but the icon never appears in the tray.
I had to run the portable Dropbox executable in the terminal the first time, so that it would provide the URL to link my computer to my Dropbox account. After that, it created the Dropbox folder in my root directory and began syncing. No controls for the syncing, though.
But I discovered I could use the CLI script (
) to control syncing. That script does require python, and Technosaurus's
python sfs
did the trick for me. The
CLI script
allowed me to exclude some folders from syncing, as well as several other useful functions. Once I got it working the way I wanted, I didn't need the CLI script (or python) any more. I just run the portable app executable and it syncs.
I also found I could move the Dropbox folder to my hard drive (out of my save file) as long as I put a link to the Dropbox folder in my root directory. That way the save file doesn't get filled up.
p.s. If anyone's interested, I cleaned this all up and made an sfs out of it:
It includes the portable app, python 2.6.4, and the dropbox.py script. When the sfs is mounted, there's a Dropbox launcher in /usr/share/applications (not sure if it gets placed in the menu properly). Still no tray icon, at least for me.
The Dropbox folder, with synced files, is placed in the root folder.
And I simplified the dropbox.py commands a little (getting rid of the need for the path and the ".py"). With the sfs, these commands work in the terminal:
"dropbox help" displays command options
"dropbox stop" stops the Dropbox daemon, so syncing stops
"dropbox status" gives status of syncing, number of files, time remaining, etc.
"dropbox exclude [list/add/remove]" can also be used to selectively sync (as explained in
CLI script info page
Some of the other CLI script commands may also work. "Start" does NOT work to start or restart Dropbox. I added the command "dropbox-1.1.43" (in /usr/bin) to start Dropbox if it's desired to start it from the terminal. Otherwise, the application launcher works. There's nothing included to start Dropbox automatically on boot, as I don't do that. But a link to /usr/bin/dropbox-1.1.43 could easily be added to the Startup folder.
As I said before, the first time this is run, you'll probably have to run "dropbox-1.1.43" in the terminal, so it displays the url to link your computer to your Dropbox account. After that, the application launcher (or link in Startup folder) works fine.
p.p.s. In this sfs Dropbox will NOT automatically install a newer version. It attempted to do that in another sfs I tried--very annoying.
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Joined: 18 May 2008
Posts: 4878
Location: Blue Springs, MO
Posted: Sat 15 Feb 2014, 20:42
Post subject:
I am just adding this to my watch list. I wrote a dropbox uploader gui that uses only shell (only a couple kb), xdialog and curl. I'll post it sometime if someone wishes to use/maintain it; however, I no longer use a dropbox account, so it may need to be significantly updated to even work.
Check out my
github repositories
. I may eventually get around to updating my
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Joined: 17 Aug 2014
Posts: 1
Posted: Sun 17 Aug 2014, 06:44
Post subject:
The portable version has worked great for me in Precise 2.7.1, but is there an updated version anywhere? Dropbox sent me an email saying they'll be deactivating the current version next week.
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Joined: 10 Oct 2011
Posts: 124
Location: Melbourne, Oz
Posted: Sun 17 Aug 2014, 23:16
Post subject:
Me too. Currently I use the dropbox .sfs on precise. Today I tried the .deb from dropbox but nothing happened.
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Puppus Dogfellow
Joined: 07 Jan 2013
Posts: 1669
Location: nyc
Posted: Mon 18 Aug 2014, 00:12
Post subject: i also got the notification about an antiquated dropbox
Subject description: was able to install 2.10.28 from the terminal with help (i'm guessing) from that python file...
grump wrote:
Me too. Currently I use the dropbox .sfs on precise. Today I tried the .deb from dropbox but nothing happened.
on a 5.7.1 precise install i installed the deb and checked which dropbox in the terminal. i checked the file in geany and saw that somewhere it said it was version 1.6.0 or so. i know the version i installed was 1.143 so something was changed somewhere. dropbox restarted correctly without missing a beat or losing the taskbar icon.
on a 5.5. install i decided that i should download that cli file as well and stick it in my-applications. when i checked the dropbox file in bin same version (1.6.0--"this file is part of nautilus ..."--something like that) but different result. dropbox wouldn't restart. so i tried from a terminal and was told i needed to
Run "dropbox start -i" to install the daemon
and now it's indexing all the files as Dropbox 2.10.28....seemed to do the 10000 pretty quickly...
i'll recheck to see if the 571 in fact just ignored the deb or was (hopefully) just slicker about installing it on top of what's there, since there's apparently no reconfiguring necessary.
update: the deb was ignored by the 571 machine--it's still running 1.1.43 (i guess that's one way to not miss a beat) and the cli stuff didn't have the same effect. the response was "bad interpreter" for both start and dropbox start -i.
upon restart, i had to reinstall > use previous settings > wait for the list to again be indexed.
think i'll try 1.16.16. it's worked before but isn't set up to autorestart out of the box (2.10 doesn't autorestart despite the link being in the startup folder. even worse, it doesn't seem to be aware that it's already been installed...).
(32 bit)
(64 bit)
there's also these two by Whitesnow:
MyCp, interactive Copy installer (cloud storage utility)
MyDbox,interactive Dropbox installer (cloud storage utility)
update 2: Whitesnow's pet worked perfectly on two 571 installations. kept settings, effortless. needs to be launched with start dropbox command on the setups where i installed it over the 1.1.43 pet.
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Sky Aisling
Joined: 27 Jun 2009
Posts: 1369
Location: Port Townsend, WA. USA
Posted: Fri 16 Sep 2016, 12:08
Post subject: Dropbox
Subject description: Can Dropbox work on Tahrpup-6.0.5?
Can Drop Box work on Tahrpup-6.0.5?
Is there a .pet for Drop Box which will work on Tahrpup-6.0.5 or 6.0.2?
Debian downloads were negative.
Thanks for any replies.
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Joined: 07 Aug 2011
Posts: 8427
Location: World_Hub
Posted: Fri 16 Sep 2016, 13:55
Post subject:
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Videos | March 22, 2007
News From Saturn
A movie showing seas on Saturn's moon Titan is part of the latest Cassini report.
Transcript:Hello and welcome to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. I'm Jan Berkeley, one of the Sequence Team Lead engineers on Cassini here to share the latest news from Saturn.
In our most exciting news, instruments on the spacecraft have found evidence of seas in the high northern latitudes of Titan. Here is a movie that shows the area dotted with seas hundreds of miles across, and many smaller lakes that vary from several miles to tens of miles wide.
Cassini's last flyby of Titan was on March 10, 2007, at an altitude of 600 miles. There were several objectives to this flyby. Higher resolution images of the area where seas were found were successful. This area is just north of the equator and west of the bright area known as Xanadu, also seen by both the radar and imaging instruments in previous flybys.
In addition, Titan weather studies were conducted: mapping temperatures to determine seasonal changes, monitoring cloud motion and wind speeds. Scientists are still processing this data, so stay tuned.
We will return to Titan on March 26, this time at an altitude of 620 miles. This time, the flyby will include more temperature mapping, global mapping, and spectral imaging in the ultraviolet and infrared regions. The area of seas and lakes will be mapped yet again, but at a lower resolution.
The spacecraft will also pass behind Titan for approximately 35 minutes this is called an occultation. Telemetry data cannot be received from the spacecraft at that time, but information can still be transmitted. A unique experiment will take place where the spacecraft will be oriented precisely to send a signal to bounce off the atmosphere of Titan and be received at Earth. The state of the signal tells us information about the surface region targeted. This is the third time the experiment will be attempted by Cassini.
From Pasadena, California, this is Jan Berkeley with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and your latest news from the ringed planet.


text:
Eleven | Tin City
Clean lines in a sandy foreground before a weathered Tin City shack.
Eleven is part of the Lost Collective Tin City series.
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Glass prints. Face mounted glass print is the premium option. The image runs all the way to the edge with no border whatsoever. The ultra clear glass really makes the image 'pop'. These prints also feature concealed, easy to install mounts, giving the image the appearance of floating off the wall.
Sizes. Framed/unframed and glass prints are available in the following sizes:


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If there were one word to describe Asia in 2011, it would likely be tremors—not only the physical ones that devastated Japan, but also the political ones that reverberated throughout the region shaking India, China, and Thailand, waking up Burma, and further unsettling North Korea.
1. So Long Earthlings
After a stroke in 2008 and years of poor health, Kim Jung-il was not long for this world. Yet few anticipated that the Dear Leader's 17-year ruinous reign would end in December 2011 due to the "great mental and physical strain caused by his uninterrupted field guidance tour" while sitting on a train. With his platform shoes, puffy hair, and love of film, he was an easy target for others' mockery (see Greetings, earthlings, a classic cover from The Economist). Yet he consistently managed to outmaneuver Washington, Beijing, Tokyo, and Seoul—testing nuclear devices, launching missiles, and demanding food and energy aid—all the while impoverishing his country. It is too early to predict whether Kim Jung-un, Kim Jong-il's inexperienced and untested son and heir, will do anything differently—the rest of the world and the North Korean people, in particular, can only hope.
2. Wukan, Wenzhou, and Dalian
People protesting in China should no longer provoke surprise. After all, the country reportedly lodged 180,000 mass demonstrations in 2010 alone. Yet in 2011, three protests, in particular, reminded us of just how varied and challenging these demonstrations can be for Beijing. In July, the crash of a high speed train in Wenzhou in southern China led to a virtual protest on China's Internet. As the government appeared to try to bury the evidence, cell phone pictures, texts, and tweets made any attempt at a government cover-up futile, embarrassing Beijing and forcing a more transparent investigation of the incident. The following month saw a middle-class march in the prosperous northern city of Dalian over inadequate safeguards at a local Paraxlyene factory. With protestors numbering somewhere between 12,000 (the official number) and 70,000, the government capitulated quickly, agreeing to shut down and relocate the factory. Nothing seems to frighten officials more than a peaceful but committed group of middle-class protestors…except perhaps a radicalized group of rural demonstrators. In December, the small village of Wukan caught the world's attention as the residents took control of the village, calling for an end to illegal land sales and rigged elections, and an investigation into the suspicious death of one of their leaders. After a week-long standoff, provincial officials negotiated a settlement granting the villagers all their demands. The 2011 take-away for the Chinese people may well be: protest and ye shall receive.
3. Waking the Middle Class
For much of the year, Anna Hazare held the Indian media and people captive as he pushed Delhi to create an independent anti-corruption agency. Throughout the summer, tens of thousands of Indians joined Hazare's anti-corruption protests in Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, and elsewhere, upending one of the commonly accepted precepts of Indian politics: the middle class is uninterested in and alienated from political life. After badly mismanaging the protests, briefly arresting Hazare, and detaining over 1,000 of Hazare's supporters, the government conceded to his demand to create an oversight agency or Lokpal. Hazare has criticized the resulting legislation as too weak, while critics of Hazare argue that the last thing India needs is another massive bureaucracy. No matter the specific outcome of the bill, one thing is certain: Indian politicians can no longer afford to ignore the middle class.
4. Coming in from the Cold
For pure political drama in 2011, nothing can top Burmese President Thein Sein's surprising spate of political proposals. He released hundreds of political prisoners, halted construction of the unpopular Chinese-backed Myitsone Dam, initiated political reconciliation with jailed opposition leader and Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi, and opened the door to diplomatic discussions with U.S. Secretary of State Clinton. The President has promised more to come in 2012; let's hope he continues to deliver.
5. The Hard Landing that Wasn't…Yet
The second half of 2011 was marked by increasing scrutiny of the Chinese economy, as observers looked for signs that a tipping point had been reached. The bears looked to inflation in wages and food prices, a growing property bubble, local government debt, as well as wasteful central government investment, low consumption, and falling exports. Others were more sanguine about the Chinese leadership's ability to manage their economy, arguing that the long-term fundamentals were strong even if the country had to endure short-term bumps along the way. Expect the debate to continue through 2012.
6. The Pivot
The talk of the summer in Asia was all about "the Pivot." A growing sense of concern over assertive Chinese rhetoric and naval activities provoked a number of Asian countries to seek deeper engagement with the United States. As America's involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan wound down, President Obama and his Asia team moved quickly to capitalize on the opportunity to strengthen traditional Asian alliances and forge new ones. In just a few short months, the U.S. achieved a significant upgrade in military relations with Australia, advanced a regional free trade agreement, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), joined the East Asia Summit, and even engaged in a diplomatic dance with Burma. Pivoting will likely turn out to be the easy part; staying the course as U.S. fiscal pressures increase and making real progress on regional trade and security issues will be the true measure of America's commitment.
7. The Return of the Shinawatras
Last July, Thailand's poor and lower classes elected the country's first female prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra, sister of ousted premier Thaksin Shinawatra—an election our colleague Josh Kurlantzick has called perhaps "the most important in the country's history." Yingluck has already received criticism for her handling of Thailand's worst flooding in five decades, but her greatest challenge likely will come next year when her brother Thaksin may return to the country. Deposed in a coup in 2006 and later convicted of corruption, Thaksin remains a politically polarizing figure, intensely disliked by many in the country's bureaucratic and military elite. How Yingluck manages her brother's return is not merely a question of smoothing politically roiled waters, but also of her own political fate.
8. Cyber Crime Takes Center Stage
As the list of cyberattack victims continued to grow in 2011—RSA, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Sony, the IMF, and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, among others—cybersecurity expert Dmitri Alperovitch quipped that there were two types of companies: "those that know they've been compromised and those that don't yet know." Most of the attacks were directed at intellectual property and industrial secrets. While the Obama administration has been reluctant to assign blame, Michigan Representative Mike Rogers and the Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive recently outed Beijing as a major source of the cyber espionage. The question for 2012: if China doesn't heed this now public criticism, what else is the United States prepared to do?
9. Ai Weiwei
Beijing's detention of the artist/activist Ai Weiwei last spring produced a public outcry that refused to die. Ai, whose artwork and political activism have long annoyed Chinese officials, was arrested in April on the grounds of "economic crimes" (later described as a failure to pay taxes). He was released in late June following a worldwide Internet campaign protesting his arrest. In November, Beijing levied a $2.4 million tax bill on Ai. Chinese citizens rose to his defense contributing $1.3 million to help pay the bill—some sending the money via the Internet while others floated bills over Ai's gated house. The final outcome of Ai's judicial misadventure remains to be seen. However, as a matter of morality, the Chinese people have already turned a travesty into a triumph.
10. Japan: A Spring of Devastation
Japan confronted an almost unimaginable set of disasters last March: a 9.0 earthquake—the most powerful in Japan's history—a tsunami, and a nuclear meltdown. In the face of such horror, several "Japans" quickly emerged: a bureaucratic elite that appeared confused and, in the final analysis, prone to cover-up; the courageous self-defense forces that responded without hesitation to the crisis; and a public that was a model of generosity and self-sacrifice. More than nine months on, the disaster continues to haunt the country with questions remaining as to the success of the clean-up effort, the safety of the country's food products, the future of its nuclear industry, and the capacity of its government to manage these and other challenges. Still, Japan has weathered worse, and we'll bet on the fundamental resilience of the Japanese people to ensure their country emerges only stronger for the tragedy that they have endured.
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Effective Offline Marketing Strategies for 2020
Pin ItEffective Offline Marketing Strategies for 2020 – Are you looking to diversify your marketing efforts and move offline and in doing so ground your company? Home business lifestyle and blogging coach, Mark Ford, shares an article about effective offline … Continue reading
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Pin ItMark Ford's Story – Home Business Coaching Part 5 – Mark Ford Reveals His Mission and Purpose In Life Home business lifestyle and blogging coach, Mark Ford, reveals his mission statement, his purpose, and how he can help you create … Continue reading
Mark Fords Story – Part 4
In this article Mark Ford continues his story by delving deep into the lifestyle that he has created for himself through the flexibility of being a home business owner. Continue reading
Mark Fords Story – Part 3
Pin ItMark Ford's Story – The Home Business Owner – Part 3 An article in the Mark Ford's story series where he shares his experiences of being a home business owner, and takes a look at the various different business … Continue reading
Mark Fords Story – Part 2
Pin ItMark Fords Story – The Legal Eagle Has Landed! In this article Mark Ford continues his story by covering his long 29 year career in the legal system and law courts of the United Kingdom and what led him … Continue reading
Mark Ford's Story – Part 1
Pin It Mark Ford's Story – The Early Years Mark Ford is happy to say he is back with a lifetime commitment to blog daily and share with his readership all things about running a home business, self awareness, mindsets, … Continue reading
Sky Diving For A Cancer Charity
Pin ItSky Diving – A Great Way To Face Your Fear And Enjoy The Ride On The Journey of Life! Epic was my final words in this Sky Dive video – face your fears and move beyond them and then … Continue reading
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Pin ItRoad To Success – How To Navigate The Road Ahead To Ensure That You Meet All The Goals You Have Set An article from Mark Ford which helps you plan your own road to success so that you can … Continue reading
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Pin ItCyprus June 2018 – Mark Ford Tours Cyprus June 2018 Living A Lifestyle of Choice – You Can Too! Time sure does fly and as I reflect on my time here in Cyprus during June 2018, almost 2 months, … Continue reading
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text:
Mitchell Haygood Moore (1920-1944)
Killed in Air Combat over Germany, November 26, 1944, World War II
Mitchell Haygood Moore, a young salesman from Sirmans, GA, was a son of Atticus H. Moore and Pearlie Belle Tomlinson. In 1943, he married Mildred Lorene Clements, of Ray City, GA. His bride was a daughter of Alma and Hosea "Hod" P. Clements.
Clinch County News
Friday, December 3, 1943
The marriage of Sgt. Mitchell Haygood Moore of Lanier county, and Miss Mildred Lorene Clements of Ray City, took place recently at the Methodist church in Ray City, Rev. L. D. McConnell officiating. Sgt Moore is a son of Mr. and Mrs. Atticus H. Moore, former Clinch county residents who were cut off into Lanier when that county was formed in 1920. The bride is a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Hosea C. Clements of Ray City.
It was in the midst of WWII and Moore was as a Staff Sergeant in the Army Air Force. Other Ray City AAF men included B-26 pilot James Swindle, B-24 pilot Max Maurice Johnson, and flying officer Jim Paulk. Staff Srgt Charles B. Shaw, Jr., Ray City, served as a B-17 mechanic in the 8th Army Air Force, Snetterton Heath, England. Howell Shaw served at Sedalia Army Air Field and William C. Webb served in the Medical Corps of the Army Air Force. Lt. Jamie Connell, of Nashville, served as a navigator-bombardier. Saunto Sollami served in the Army Air Corp and came to the area after the war.
Sgt. Moore was assigned to the 854 AAF Bomber Squadron, 491st Bomber Group, flying as a crewman on a B-24 Liberator. Some say he was a bombardier, others say he was a tail gunner. The 491st was one of seven Heavy Bombardment Groups – 488th through 494th – activated in the autumn of 1943. By April of 1944, the 491st was in England, and the group engaged in the long-range strategic bombardment of Germany.
In July 1944 the 491st Bombardment Group supported the Allied breakout at St. Lo and assaulted V-weapon sites and communications lines in France during the summer of 1944. After August, 1944 the 491st concentrated its attacks on strategic objectives in Germany, striking communications centers, oil refineries, storage depots, industrial areas, shipyards, bridges and other targets in such places as Berlin, Hamburg, Kassel, Cologne, Gelsenkirchen, Bielefeld, Hanover, and Magdeburg; on one occasion the 491st attacked the headquarters of the German General Staff at Zossen, Germany.
The Misburg Mission ~ November 26, 1944
Destroying Germany's petroleum production was a major Allied strategy to shorten the war. One of the vital German petroleum plants was the large Misburg refinery with 1,060 workers, located about 5 miles east of Hanover, Germany. On November 26, 1944, the 491st bomber group participated in the ninth bomber mission against the refinery at Misburg, part of a massive air strike against Germany by the American Army Air Force on that day. Combined with other aerial engagements, the day would mark the second largest air battle of WWII.
November 26 was to be a black day for the 491st. Through a series of unfortunate incidents, the bomber group's defensive integrity was disrupted and the group fell under heavy attack by large numbers of enemy fighters. As fighter cover for the bomber group, 47 American P-51 Mustangs engaged with more than 250 Luftwaffe fighters in the German skies.
The 491st dispatched 31 B-24s on that day; three turned back, 28 reached the target, 16 never returned. According to the 491st Bomber Group website, Mitchell Moore was flying as a Left Waist Gunner on the Misburg raid.
Although more than half of its planes were destroyed, the group fought through the German interceptor planes, and successfully bombed the target. For this action the group was awarded a Distinguished Unit Citation.
Atlanta Constitution
November 27, 1944
U.S. Planes Shoot Down 122 Germans
1,100 Heavy Bombers Blast Misburg Oil; 700 Fighters Along
LONDON, Nov. 26. — At least 122 Nazi fighter planes of approximately 200 which rose to protect Germany's largest natural oil refinery at Misburg were shot down in aerial combat todayby and American fleet of 700 fighters and 1,100 heavy bombers.
The American fighters reported downing 110 of the Nazi interceptors, while 12 were destroyed by bomber crews. The escort planes also destroyed seven German planes on the ground in strafing attacks.
Thirty-seven American bombers and 13 fighters were reported missing from operations.
But it was the third largest bag of Nazi fighters shot down in combat. Just last Nov. 2, American pilots picked off 134 enemy planes Merseburg oil center – 13 miles west of Leipzig – and Germany sacrificed 117 in the same area on Sept. 11.
A gigantic battle swirled through the skies over Misburg.
Through the dense clouds stained with exploding flak from hundreds of ground guns, American pilots engaged the Germans in temperatures ranging from 40 to 50 degrees below zero.
Today's attack was the ninth on the Misburg refinery, which lies 15 miles east of Hannover and has a yearly production of 220,000 tons. It followed up yesterday's raid by 2,000 American planes on the Leuna works at Merseburg, one of Germany's largest synthetic oil plants. Only a dozen enemy fighters were encountered on the Merseburg mission
Mitchell's plane was one of those which did not return from Misburg. The war raged on, and at home in Ray City, friends and families grieved and waited for word of Mitchell Moore.
The Nashville Herald,
January 4, 1945
Missing In Action
The friends and relatives of S-Sgt. Mitchell H. Moore regret too know that he has been reported missing in action over Germany since November 26, 1944.
Sgt. Moore was an aerial (torn) receiving his training at (torn) Miss., Loredo, Texas, (torn), later leaving for overseas (torn) peka, Kansas in September (torn).
His wife if the former (torn) red Clements of Ray City (torn) the present time is with her (torn) Mr. and Mrs. H.P. Clements.
On April 11, 1945, The Atlanta Constitution reported that Sergeant Mitchell H. Moore had been classified as killed in action.
The following month, on May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered – It was Victory in Europe day. After the surrender, a memorial service was held for Staff Sergeant Mitchell H. Moore.
The Nashville Herald
July 19, 1945
Memorial Service For S. Sgt. M.H. Moore
According to an announcement made this week by the family of the late S. Sgt. Mitchell H. Moore, a Memorial Service will be held in his honor on Sunday afternoon, July 22, at 3:30 o'clock at the Unity Methodist church near Lakeland.
S. Sgt. Moore was killed in action over Germany November 26, 1944. He was well and favorably known in this section and has many friends who regret his untimely death. All friends of the family and others desiring to do so may attend the services.
Transcription courtesy of Skeeter Parker
It would be four more years before Moore's body was returned to the United States. The return of the living and the dead was the post-war mission of the U.S. Merchant marines, ships worked by men like J.B. Mitchell Sirmans aboard the armed merchantman SS Wheaton Victory or Brocy Sirmans on S.S. William G. Lee. Moore's final voyage was aboard the SS Haiti Victory.
Atlanta Constitution
May 8, 1949
Bodies of 104 Georgians On Way Home From Europe
Remains of 104 Georgians, including 14 Atlantans, who lost their lives during World War II are being returned to the United States from Europe aboud the U. S. Army transport Haiti Victory, the Department of the Army announced.
Armed forces dead originally buried in temporary military cemeteries in France, Holland and Belgium are among those being returned. Next of kin will be notified in advance of the arrival of the remains at the Regional Distribution Center of the American Graves Registration Service.
Funeral services for Mitchell Moore were held at Unity Methodist Church, and the remains were re-interred at Union Church Cemetery (Burnt Church) near Lakeland, GA.
The Nashville Herald
June 16, 1949
S-Sgt. Mitchell Moore Returned to States for Burial
Funeral services will be held Sunday at the Unity Methodist Church of Crisp Community for Staff Sergeant Mitchell Moore, who was killed with his entire crew when their plane was shot down over Hanover, Germany, November 26, 1944. Sgt. Moore will be laid to rest at the Burnt Church cemetery.
Services will begin at 4:30 Sunday afternoon with the Rev. J. W. Herndon of Norman Park, and the Rev. Bishop of Lakeland, officiating.
Sgt. Moore is survived by two brothers, W.W. Moore of Nashville, and J.P. Moore of Stockton, and three sisters, Miss Rosa Lee Moore, Mrs. Shelton Davis, and Mrs. G.E. West, all of Stockton.
Transcription courtesy of Skeeter Parker
The Nashville Herald
June 23, 1949
Sgt. Mitchell Moore Laid To Rest Sunday
Staff Sergeant Mitchell H. Moore was laid to rest Sunday at the Unity Methodist Church of Crisp Community in Lanier County.
A military burial was given to the air forceman, who was killed over Hanover, Germany in 1944, by the Veterans of Foreign Wars Club of Lakeland. The Rev. J.W. Herndon of Norman Park and the Rev. Bishop of Lakeland officiated.
Sgt. Moore is survived by his wife, the former Miss Mildred Clements of Ray City, two brothers, W.W. Moore of Nashville, and J.P. Moore of Stockton, and three sisters, Miss Rosa Lee Moore, Mrs. Shelton Davis, and Mrs. G.E. West, all of Stockton.
Transcription courtesy of Skeeter Parker
The widow, Mildred C. Moore applied for a monument for her husband; A stark white marble marker to mark the grave of a young man who gave his life in the service of his country.
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You can lose the model, but you don't lose the subject. The painting takes its course but Elke comes in and out of the picture. It's complicated. I begin with an idea, but as I work, the picture takes over. Then there is the struggle between the idea that I preconceived in advance and the picture that fights for its own life . . . . You have to fight the conventions of the genre and the subject itself in order to make something new. The point of portraiture is to leave the portrait behind so that you can go forward.[1]
Portraiture has always been one of the most fundamental ways of contemplating ourselves and our relationship with others. Greek legend has it that the first work of art ever made was a portrait from the silhouette of a loved one's shadow cast upon the wall.[2] Such a minimal description was apparently enough to trigger a Corinthian woman's memory of her departed lover. Although its form has changed radically over the centuries, and particularly during the twentieth century, portraiture has lost none of its attraction and intrigue. In an age of Conceptual art, large-scale Earth art projects, performance art, and site-specific art, portraiture quietly remains one of the most widely practiced forms of representation today. Every artist of note has engaged it in one way or another, often stretching its definition in new directions.
Among those who have significantly complicated our view of this ancient genre is the German artist Georg Baselitz. Over the past three decades, Baselitz has invented a series of pictorial strategies that range from the unconventional to the disorienting. His most well-known device in this regard is the practice of turning his figures upside down.
Prominent among these are images of the artist's wife, Elke Kretzschmar Baselitz. Married to Baselitz for more than thirty years, Elke has been a part of the artist's imagery almost from the beginning. The Elke paintings constitute the largest single group of Baselitz's portraits, making them a constant, a kind of litmus of the artist's representational wanderings. Moreover, they are a meditation on the open-ended evolution of the twentieth-century portrait, unfolding as it has from an analysis of a subject's physical characteristics, personality, and moods, to an analysis of the artist.
Baselitz executed his first painting of Elke in 1969. The fact that the subject is upside down notwithstanding, it is a relatively traditional portrait. The artist focused his attention on the head and face, where in traditional portraiture the personality of the subject typically makes itself felt. Placing her head squarely in the center of the canvas, the artist depicted a beautiful but unsmiling woman with short-cropped hair. Those who know Elke would easily recognize her. The background of the portrait is a slightly foggy blue-gray which, along with Elke's ambiguous expression, projects an edgy, melancholic atmosphere.
Subsequent portraits of Elke have been increasingly subjective. Elke II: Fingerpainting on Elke's Head, 1972 (Private Collection), painted three years later, is also a shoulder-length portrait, but the mood is quite different. Elke stares out of the picture with bright-eyed enthusiasm. She is wearing a yellow blouse and is placed against a sparkling blue background. Two yellow daubs of paint, like butterflies, float in the lower right section of the painting. The artist, in a moment of self-mockery, says of the sweetness and optimism apparent in Elke II, "I probably had too much wine to drink when I painted that." He then goes on to say, "The demands of the painting dictated the character of the portrait. I'm not trying to paint a story."
Elke also downplays her role in the making of these portraits. "I was just available. We live very closely together since we met in 1958. We hardly spend any time apart. So I am always around . . . . In Georg's paintings, the subject doesn't always matter—if the image is a tree, a flower, a bird, or me. What is important is the painting itself."3 Nonetheless, Elke is clearly an emotional vehicle, inspiring a mood or memory. She points out that the first portrait was inspired by a photograph taken while they were visiting friends in East Germany when the Berlin Wall still divided the country. "We were sitting at a table. It was a difficult and emotional moment. We were very happy to see our friends, but we were conscious of the separation that existed between East and West. We grew up in the East and then moved to the West. Unless you have experienced that kind of move, it's hard to explain the conflicted feelings." Through both Elke's face and the sober atmosphere of the dull blue background in the painting, Baselitz imparts the ambiguous emotional tone associated with the memory of that day.
It is possible, then, to say that Elke's psychological disposition at that moment is part of the meaning of the painting. For Baselitz, to read this type of content into his portraits is not inaccurate, but it is to read them backwards. He challenges himself essentially to deny or suppress specific emotions and focus on pure visual structure. Baselitz's first instinct is to attack and dismantle his subject. He does not want his subject dictating how he should paint. In the end, he will settle for what he calls "neutrality," but finally admits to the impossibility of that condition in portraiture. According to Baselitz, "Neutrality is a myth, but you cannot give up the fight. You have to fight the conventions of the genre and the subject itself in order to make something new." It is tempting to think of Baselitz's portraits in the same sense that Jasper Johns's flag paintings are flags: they are and they are not. In both cases, the painting and its subject are flip sides of the same coin.
For Baselitz, the model is essentially an excuse to paint, to engage in the struggle of representation, to represent his process of constructing a painting through his subject. He paints his subjects upside down so that the subject cannot dominate that process. It's important to know that Baselitz did not paint these early pictures right-side up and then, as a purely conceptual act, turn them upside down. Holding a photograph in one hand, he paints the image as being naturally upside down. This disorients and distances him not only from the image of Elke, but from the conventions of portraiture, so that what is left is an invention rather than a transcription. The integrity of Baselitz's method is proven when one turns his pictures "right-side up." They simply do not work. Their existence as a system of line, shape, and color is intrinsically wed to being painted upside down.
In a unique double portrait (Bedroom, 1975, North Carolina Museum of Art), Baselitz and Elke, both nude, sit in chairs side by side, looking away from each other in a distracted manner. Baselitz's pinkish skin is placed against a blue background, while Elke's dark flesh is contrasted with a background of warm reds and yellows. Both figures stand out, but their upside-down position and the expressive paint-handling employed to depict their forms neutralizes their differences. They are simply two entities that balance a composition, not unlike two apples in a Paul Cézanne still life.
By the time the artist painted the Modern Art Museum's Elke, 1976, both the figure of Elke and her surrounding pictorial field had become increasingly expressive and more abstract. The subject remains seated but not on a chair. As if to suggest a chair-like support, Baselitz adds a huge brushstroke underneath the seat of the model. A typical interior setting has been replaced by an abstract, gestural field of brushmarks, and Elke's body is intertwined with a field that radiates an explosive, painterly velocity. Large arcing gestures are puzzled together with tonal zones that coalesce into stormy grays and blues, with occasional bursts of pink and green. This new pictorial energy is made even more forceful by the increased size of the 1970s portraits. In portraits from the mid-1970s forward, Elke's body becomes increasingly mutable and at the mercy of the artist's intuitive distortions. A tremendous plasticity sweeps everything together so that blunt cursive gestures, filigree strokes, drips, splatters, broken scumbles, and opaque overpainting run into one dancing optical medley. The potency is in the allusiveness. The figure turns into ground, imagery becomes abstraction, and vice versa. The model and the painting have become one.
Michael Auping
[1] Georg Baselitz. Quotes from the artist are from conversations with the author, 5–6 December 1996.
[2] On this subject, see Robert Rosenblum's excellent essay, "The Origin of Painting: A Problem in the Iconography of Romantic Classicism," The Art Bulletin (December 1957): 279–90. Also, George Levitine's addendum, The Art Bulletin (December 1958): 329–31.


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The Fighter was one of the best movies of 2010, and also one of most (pleasantly) surprising. Many expected a traditional sports drama biopic, but instead, quirky auteur David O. Russell delivered a darkly funny look at the life and rise of middleweight boxer "Irish" Micky Ward to the status of champion in the early 2000s.
However, boxing fans know that Micky's rise to champion was only the beginning of his story – which is why Fighter star Mark Wahlberg let it be known early this past spring that The Fighter 2 was in the works.
Since that initial reveal by Wahlberg, The Fighter 2 has been gradually veering into the fast-track. First we learned that Wahlberg was pushing the project ahead, with plans to reprise his role as Ward; soon after that, we learned that David O. Russell was interested in at least writing the project (if not returning to direct).
There's a video clip from the upcoming Spike TV Guys Choice Awards, where The Fighter won an award for "Guy Movie of the Year." Taking to the stage with Russell and the real life Micky Ward and Dicky Eklund (Christian Bale's character), Wahlberg used the platform as an appropriate launch pad to announce The Fighter sequel:
"We left out the Aturo Gatti fights for a reason…Because that's for 'Fighter 2′. We're not going to do 'Fighter' 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, but we're gonna do 2. We're gonna do the Ward/Gatti trilogy."
Wahlberg was, of course, a producer on the first Fighter and was really the driving force for getting that movie made . If he's making this announcement at a public event of this nature, consider The Fighter 2 all but greenlit. Hopefully it will be one of those rare sequels that is as awards-worthy - if not more so – than its predecessor (see: The Godfather II).
The only question now is: Will the original cast members all return?
We've stated before that Christian Bale and actress Melissa Leo both have Wahlberg and his passion to make The Fighter to thank for their respective Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress Oscars. I would expect that even if they weren't fully into the idea, a basic sense of loyalty would motivate them to return as Micky's half-brother/trainer, Dicky Eklund, and Micky's mother/manager, Alice Ward. Similarly, Amy Adams has enjoyed a nice career boost since she got her third Best Supporting Actress nomination for playing Micky's girlfriend, Charlene Fleming (see: her role as Lois Lane in Man of Steel ). Since her character goes on to become Micky's wife, and was by his side for the Gatti fights, I would expect Adams would have similar incentive to return. But we'll see.
No word yet on when The Fighter 2 will go into production or hit theaters – but considering how busy all of the people involved with the franchise are, and how motivated Wahlberg seems to be, I would expect the film to start ramping up for production sooner before later.
You can catch the Spike TV Guys Choice Awards Friday June 10 @ 9/8c on Spike TV.
Source: Spike
Kofi Outlaw blogs at Screen Rant.
The Christian Science Monitor has assembled a diverse group of music, film, and television bloggers. Our guest bloggers are not employed or directed by The Monitor and the views expressed are the bloggers' own and they are responsible for the content of their blogs. To contact us about a blogger, click here.


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Christlike Correction
June 17 issue editorial
Recently, a Register reader, after perusing our online coverage of Catholic or Vatican objections to the practices of the Girl Scouts and the Leadership Conference of Women Religious, stated: "The Inquisition continues! First the nuns; now the Girl Scouts."
Indeed, the latest round of news reports has fueled the partisan spin that the Catholic hierarchy is waging a "war on women." The Vatican has appointed two U.S. bishops to help reform the LCWR and, in a separate action by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, released a statement repudiating a text by Mercy Sister Margaret Farley, a retired Yale Divinity School professor, stating that its doctrinal errors could cause "grave harm to the faithful."
Yet, for all the bemused comments posted online or angry editorials in newspapers, many Catholics have also communicated their gratitude that Church leaders are addressing such problems. That gratitude arises from the fear that practices and teachings which depart from Catholic doctrine or traditional values — without explicitly acknowledging that fact — are dishonest and dangerous.
During a June 5 conference call with Catholic media, Archbishop William Lori of Baltimore acknowledged that many of the faithful and the broader public do not understand why the Church needed to correct an organization like the LCWR, just as many still are confused about the bishops' reasons for challenging the HHS contraception mandate.
The archbishop recalled that one person told him that "we are becoming a Church of issues," meaning that U.S. Catholics risk losing a deeper sense of belonging to the Church and embracing the fullness of its teaching in an integrated manner.
But Archbishop Lori, who also serves as the chairman of the U.S. bishops' Ad Hoc Committee for Religious Liberty, defended the right of Church leaders to help the faithful identify and resist false laws and teachings. "Many will look at the LCWR and say, 'The Vatican has attacked all the sisters across the board, no matter how much they have done,'" he said. "But, in simple fairness," the Vatican's letter to the LCWR "was more surgical" and not designed as a broad repudiation of the great legacy of women religious in the U.S.
In an increasingly secular world, he suggested, the public struggles to understand how such actions square with the Church's stated mission: "While we are not of the world, we are in the world. The Church is going to experience the gales and headwinds our culture is dealing with."
May she continue to proclaim boldly the teachings of Christ.


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Who is using altmetrics tools?
This is a guest post contributed by Bianca Kramer and Jeroen Bosman, Utrecht University Library, The Netherlands.
Over the past six years, since the publication of the Altmetrics manifesto,
altmetrics have matured and greatly expanded. Applications are
available to gather and display altmetrics data on articles and books
alike, either from freestanding companies or from large publishing
houses. But to what extent are researchers actually using altmetrics
tools, and how does this relate to their use of more traditional
citation-based metrics tools?
Our recent global survey on research tool usage
provides some answers to these questions. For 17 different research
activities, the survey gathered information on which tools are used
across disciplines, research roles, career stages and countries. During
last year's 2:AM altmetrics conference, we presented some preliminary findings
based on the almost 5,000 responses we had received at the time. Now,
the final results are available, from a total of 20,663 responses. All
data are available through Zenodo and can be explored using our interactive dashboard.
In this blogpost, we'll discuss some findings from our survey as they
relate to the use of altmetrics and more traditional metrics tools.
Specifically, the survey asked what tools respondents used for measuring
impact, with seven preselected options to tick, and an additional '(and
also) others' option which prompted respondents to manually enter any
tools not among the preselected ones.
Figure 1 – survey question on tools for measuring impact
Altmetrics – the librarians' gap
Looking at the results for the preset options, it is apparent that
for researchers, the impact factor (through JCR) and the large citation
databases (Web of Science and Scopus) are still used most often for
determining impact, with 'pure' altmetrics tools such as Altmetric and
Impactstory scoring much lower (Figure 2). Librarians (who were asked
which tools they recommend, not just use themselves) demonstrate a
higher awareness than researchers for all tools. This difference is
particularly striking for Altmetric: librarians recommend this tool
about as much as the large citation based tools, while actual use by
researchers is much lower.
Librarians might both be well aware of the criticisms of traditional
metrics tools (especially citation metrics at the journal level, i..e
the impact factor) and are in a good position to explore alternatives
due to their knowledge of the information landscape. On the other hand,
the stakes for librarians are lower as they are not the ones that are
dependent on metrics-based criteria for funding and evaluation. Does the
gap between the what researchers use and what librarians recommend mean
that librarians are out of touch with what researchers deem important?
Or is there still a long way to go in making researchers aware of
altmetrics tools?
Figure 2 – Percentage of researchers and librarians using/recommending metrics tools
The generation effect
Is there a difference in the use of traditional metrics vs.
altmetrics for researchers in various career stages? When we look at the
use of the impact factor and Altmetric as two examples, we see that
while use of the impact factor increases the further researchers
progress in their career, postdocs are the group that most often use
Figure 3 – Percentage of researchers in various career stages using IF and Altmetric
The increase in the use of the impact factor as a metric for impact
likely reflects the growing (perceived) importance of the publication
record as one's career progresses. Indeed, for PhD students we see a
sharp increase in the use of the impact factor once they have published
their first paper (Figure 4). Despite many documentations of its caveats
and drawbacks (e.g. here[WP Jeroen] and here[paper on distribution]),
use of the impact factor is still so ingrained in the research process
(especially in formal assessment and funding, despite widespread
undersigning of DORA) that for now, it remains the dominant measure of impact across generations of researchers.
For altmetrics, exemplified here by the use of Altmetric, the picture
is different. The use of Altmetric peaks at the postdoc level, which
may reflect a combination of willingness to explore new avenues and
tools, and the need to demonstrate immediate impact of (recent)
publications on the road to acquiring a faculty position. Interestingly,
the use of Altmetric drops again for faculty. This could either be due
to a 'legacy' effect of older faculty using altmetrics far less than
younger faculty, thus suppressing average usage, or it could be that
faculty overall (including recently appointed faculty) uses altmetrics
less than postdocs. Again, looking at date of first publication
clarifies this (Fig 4): the use of Altmetric is low overall for all
generations of faculty. This means that also early faculty use Altmetric
less than postdocs.
One possible explanation could be that while the use of altmetrics is
perceived useful during the transition from postdoc to faculty level,
the tenure-track process focuses more heavily on traditional metrics,
thus discouraging young faculty from using altmetrics. This is just a
hypothesis, however, and we cannot rule out other explanations for our
data. For example, we have not yet explored possible differences in
distribution of respondents across disciplines and/or countries, which
could also play a role.
Figure 4 – Percentage of researchers in various career stages using IF and Altmetric,
broken down by year of first publication. Only groups with over 100 respondents are included in this figure.
The disciplinary difference
We did look at the overall share of altmetrics tools across different
disciplines. For this, we included all preset options as well as the
top 10 of 'other tools' that were mentioned by researchers, which for
this question included Google Scholar, SCImago journal rank (both
counted as traditional, citation-based tools), ResearchGate and Academia
(both counted as altmetrics tools because they include metrics beyond
citations). The percentage of altmetrics tools among all metrics tools
mentioned by researchers ranges from 10-11% for Physical Sciences and
Engineering & Technology to 19% for Life Sciences (Figure 5).
Figure 5 – Share of altmetrics tools among all metrics tools (preset
options and top 10 'others') for different disciplines (researchers
only, n=number of respondents)
The high share of altmetrics tools in Life Sciences might be a
reflection of the importance of published articles (for which altmetrics
are readily available) in this field, combined with perhaps a
propensity for experimentation among researchers. It may surprise that
it is not Arts & Humanities that scores lowest, but rather Physical
Sciences and Engineering & Technology. All three disciplines have
research output (books and monographs for the former, and preprints and
conference papers in the latter two) that is less suited to traditional
citation-based metrics research. Arts & Humanities scholars seem to
have embraced the possibilities of altmetrics to a larger extent than
researchers in the "hard sciences", who may view altmetrics as
imprecise or irrelevant, or have not yet encountered them much on the
platforms they engage in (e.g. IEEE, ArXiV). In general, the current
expansion of altmetrics across other forms of scholarly output, like
data and code, could increase uptake in many disciplines over the coming
One development to consider is the increasing incorporation of
altmetrics in environments that traditionally would show only
citation-based metrics (e.g. in Scopus and on journal websites) . While
this complicates future analyses of use of altmetrics tools, it makes it
easier for researchers of all stripes to become familiar with
altmetrics – even researchers that so far have proven to be less
inclined to use specific tools for this purpose. Increased awareness and
use of altmetrics by researchers, combined with a broadening of
assessment and funding criteria beyond citation-based metrics, will
hopefully result in a more comprehensive and inclusive concept of
'research impact' across academia.
Bianca Kramer (@MsPhelps) and Jeroen Bosman (@jeroenbosman)
Utrecht University Library, The Netherlands
Who is using altmetrics tools? – The Altmetrics Conference – September 28-29, 2016