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1770: Ludwig van Beethoven is born to a family of musicians in Bonn, Germany. His Ninth Symphony will play a role in determining the length of the music CD. Exactly how big a role is a matter of debate.
Had it not been for his untimely death in 1827, the immortal Ludwig van would today have been 240 years old and likely immortal in more ways than one.
No record has been found listing Beethoven's exact birth date. What we know is that he was baptized Dec. 17 in a time and place when infants were usually baptized the day after their birth.
Beethoven revolutionized orchestral music, leading it out of the Classical and into the Romantic era. His stormy personality molded much of his music, as did his progressive, democratic politics and his personal triumph over the deafness that struck him in midlife.
Among such career-crowning masterpieces as the Missa Solemnis and the late string quartets, Beethoven's Ninth Symphony ("Choral") with its famous "Ode to Joy" finale has also achieved widespread popularity. And therein hangs a tale.
The Ninth Symphony runs over an hour, even when performed at breakneck tempo. In the era of LP records, it generally took three sides — and hence had to be coupled with one of Beethoven's shorter symphonies, like the Eighth, to complete a two-disc set.
When Sony and Philips were negotiating a single industry standard for the audio compact disc in 1979 and 1980, the story is that one of four people (or some combination of them) insisted that a single CD be able to hold all of the Ninth Symphony. The four were the wife of Sony chairman Akio Morita, speaking up for her favorite piece of music; Sony VP Norio Ohga (the company's point man on the CD), recalling his studies at the Berlin Conservatory; Mrs. Ohga (her favorite piece, too); and conductor Herbert von Karajan, who recorded for Philips subsidiary Polygram and whose Berlin Philharmonic recording of the Ninth clocked in at 66 minutes.
Further research to find the longest recorded performance came up with a mono recording conducted by Wilhelm Furtwängler at the Bayreuth Festival in 1951. That playing went a languorous 74 minutes.
But Philips engineer Kees A. Schouhamer Immink, who participated in the technical negotiations between his firm and Sony, says that's only part of the story. Writing in the December 2007 issue of the IEEE Information Theory Newsletter, he notes that, yes, there was pressure from execs to fit the Ninth on a single CD, but commercial and technical considerations played a bigger part. For one thing, Sony knew that Philips already had a factory capable of producing 115mm CDs, and Sony wanted to change to a 120mm standard to erase Philips' head start in manufacturing.
Also, as negotiations neared an end, Philips engineers made a technical breakthrough that, at the data compression then planned, would have allowed 97 minutes of music to fit on a 120mm CD, or 75 minutes on a smaller disc. That, Immink writes, was never seriously considered, because the higher-ups had already decided on 120mm, for reasons perhaps competitive and perhaps Beethovenian.
Instead, engineers increased the track pitch from 1.45 µm to 1.6 µm, and the bit length from 0.5 to 0.6 µm. The 30 percent lower information density made production easier and playback more reliable. Maximum playing length was set at 74 minutes, 33 seconds.
That was theoretically long enough for Furtwängler's Ninth, but in reality it wasn't. The real limit for CDs started at 72 minutes, the maximum length of the U-Matic videotapes then used for audio masters. So the Furtwängler performance couldn't be released on a single CD until new digital audio technology made that possible in 1997.
A Philips webpage is often cited for the more-musical, less-technical version of the CD story. It's no longer available on the Philips site, but the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine still archives it. The Phillips site now has this brief mention:
The original target storage capacity for a CD was one hour of audio content, and a disc diameter of 115 mm was sufficient for this, however both parties [Sony and Philips] extended the capacity to 74 minutes to accommodate a complete performance of Beethoven's 9th Symphony.
The rumor busters and urban-legend experts at Snopes.com call the Beethoven CD story neither true nor false, but "undetermined."
So, there's a hole in our story, just like the hole in the middle of the CD. The diameter of that hole, the Philips website points out, matches the size of an old Dutch coin. So, even if the Japanese prevailed on the diameter of the disc, the Dutch called the shots on the hole.
In any event: Happy Birthday, Ludwig. And to his fans everywhere, be sure to take time to listen to some of his music today, whether it's on CD, an old LP, an even older 78, FM, satellite radio, all-Beethoven web radio or an MP3-loaded iPlayer of some kind. The flame still shines.
Source: Various
Image courtesy Library of Congress
An earlier version of this article appeared on Wired.com Dec. 16, 2008.
See Also:
- Complete Wired.com coverage: Ludwig van Beethoven
- Happy Birthday, Compact Disc. Now Go Away
- Video: Honda's Asimo Robot Conducts Detroit Symphony Orchestra
- Modded Pianos Delight Indie Audiences, Classical Buffs
- May 14, 1771: Industrial Utopian Robert Owen Born
- Dec. 16, 1832: A Towering Engineer Is Born
- April 11, 1888: Concertgebouw, Home of Nearly Perfect Acoustics, Opens


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Photoshop Tutorial : Blazing Fire Sketch Effects
Have you ever wanted to learn magic? Well in this fun tutorial, you are going to learn how to make a sketch burn alive with fire! Learn how to create this cool fire effect using Adobe Photoshop's powerful editing tools, layer blending, and color adjustments. This tutorial was sent in by Annabelle at 123rf, along with several others we'll be presenting in the week to come. May 26, 2018

subset: commoncrawl


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Saint Alexander of Pannonia
Third-century imperial Roman soldier and Christian stationed in Hungary. Martyred in the persecutions of Emperor Maximian Herculeus.
- Book of Saints, by the Monks of Ramsgate
- Catholic Online
- Our Sunday Visitor's Encyclopedia of Saints
- "Saint Alexander of Pannonia". CatholicSaints.Info. 24 May 2012. Web. 18 September 2020. <>


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Cam Waters, a regionally renowned National steel guitar player and singer, was found dead at his north Minneapolis home Sunday.
The blues/folk picker had no shortage of gigs over the past two months, ranging from an arts fundraiser hosted by Garrison Keillor at Zumbrota's historic State Theater to a regular stint at the rugged Minneapolis West Bank watering hole Palmer's Bar. He continued to impress audiences and peers with his guitar-playing skills and songwriting talent up until the end.
His death at age 51 ended a life that his musical friend Dakota Dave Hull called "a roller-coaster ride emotionally. He managed to hide his [emotional] problems pretty well, but he apparently never found peace with them." The official cause of death was not yet determined.
"Cam was well-versed in a wide breadth of music," said Hull, who frequently collaborated with Waters over two decades. "He had a strong sense of old blues and other traditional styles, but not at the expense of any modern sensibility."
Waters was newly married on Oct. 15. His wife, Trudy Waters, is planning a memorial service for after New Year's Day. She described the death as "unexpected" and said of his music: "He loved to play anywhere, whether it was the Fitzgerald Theater or Dunn Bros. or even just our living room."
Among the best-known projects in Waters' 30-year music career was his late-'90s trio the Sugar Kings, a jug-band-like group that also featured harp blower Clint Hoover and horn player Steve Sandberg. His handful of solo albums included two for Hull's Arabica label, "Shoetown" and "Central Standard," plus he played on Hull's 1991 album "Reunion Rag" for the national folk label Flying Fish Records. He was a regular at the Cedar Cultural Center's National Resophonic Night Out festivals and performed on concert bills with Doc Watson, Dave Van Ronk, Greg Brown and Maria Muldaur.
A native of Spirit Lake, Iowa, near touristy Arnold's Park, Waters moved around to numerous towns in Iowa and Minnesota before settling in Minneapolis last year after a seven-year stay in Rochester. By day, he worked at the Minneapolis Academy as a reading specialist.
The bio on his website says that for his pastime activities, he "listens to music obsessively, spends too much money dining out, bicycles when Minnesota weather permits, makes fun of Republicans, and of course does as many shows as possible."
Another of Waters' local musician friends, Lonnie Knight, hosted an online radio show with him in October and said he appeared to be in good spirits then.
"It's a bit shocking, but no matter what, it's a great loss," Knight said. "His talent was easy to recognize."
Chris Riemenschneider • 612-673-4658


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Michele Wortman - email
This sleeve is in progress and a phone pic but you get the idea. I'm enjoying the chalenge here of something outside of my norm and plan to add some biomech flowers and other glowing goodies to the next session. Stay tuned.
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King Nobel Secrets Revealed
Ken Watts | 12/26/2014, 3 a.m.
The mystery surrounding who nominated civil rights icon Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. for the Nobel Peace Prize 50 years ago is cleared up in a new exhibit, "1964: Martin Luther King Jr.," under way at the King National Historic Site on Auburn Avenue in Atlanta.
Since 1964, documents relating to King's nomination, notes and reports have been under lock and key in the Norwegian Nobel Committee's extensive archive.
The exhibit of more than 50 artifacts, letters and other documents reveals that the American Friends Service – the Quakers – nominated the Atlanta native who led America's transformative human rights movement of the 1950s and '60s. The medal is not part of the display.
"1964: Martin Luther King Jr.," which opened Dec. 10 and runs through Sept. 27, 2015, was part of a two-day celebration of the 50th anniversary of King's Nobel Peace Prize at the King Center and the Center for Civil and Human Rights.
A letter on display, written by Colin W. Bell, executive director of the Friends Service Committee, to the Nobel Selection Committee, said King's significance went far beyond the issue of race, which he had become known for in America since he led the Montgomery Bus Boycotts in 1955.
"The [American Friends] board … was conscious of the baleful effect of racial tension upon the organization of peace," Bell wrote. "It felt that the work and witness of King, and the spirit in which he promoted 'the dignity and worth of the human person,' were influencing the attitudes of great numbers of men and women throughout the world."
Former U.N. ambassador and Atlanta mayor Andrew Young told the AJC that the Quakers were deeply involved in the movement and some were educational or spiritual mentors to civil rights leaders.
Eight members of the Swedish Parliament voiced their support for King in letters to the selection committee.
Also revealed in documents shown for the first time in the United States is that King was one of 44 people considered for the Nobel Peace Prize that year. The others included Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie and U.S. President Lyndon Johnson, who signed into law many civil rights initiatives.
The short list of 13 finalists included President William Tubman of Liberia; UNICEF; Belgium Prime Minister Paul Henri Spaak; and SOS Children's Villages founder Hermann Gmeiner.
In another document, a senior lecturer for the Nobel Committee wrote that despite opposition and arrest, King retained a generosity of spirit toward those who disagreed with him.
"It has, without a doubt, been of incalculable significance of the nonviolent movement that a certain magnanimity in his personality allows him, while sharply attacking his opponents' views, to understand them on a personal level," the lecturer wrote.
Before the Dec. 10 ribbon cutting that opened the exhibit, Bente Erichsen, the Nobel Peace Center executive director, said the American civil rights movement was followed closely in Norway.
"King's struggle appealed to the common Norwegian and his cause had great support in the Norwegian Society and our media praised him," she said.


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PSP Go launch adds 100+ games to PSN
New handheld's debut accompanied by first PSP Minis, debuts of PixelJunk Monsters, Thexder Neo, sales on Puzzle Quest, Prinny, and more; full list and price breakdown inside.
New handheld's debut accompanied by first PSP Minis, debuts of PixelJunk Monsters, Thexder Neo, sales on Puzzle Quest, Prinny, and more; full list and price breakdown inside.
Publisher extends Marvel partnership to sequel of Robert Downey Jr.-led superhero film; multiplatform effort due 2010.
Find out what our picks are for the best games of 2008 and vote for your favorites!
Rockstar's open-world gangster drama on the 360 fends off Mario Kart and newcomer Wii Fit to top software charts as industry hits $1.12 billion in total revenue for May; PS2 ...
Action-packed comic adventures should fit gaming like a spandex jumpsuit, so why do so many of them turn downright villainous?
Nintendo puzzlers loom large as Spielberg-supervised Wii game arrives alongside Crosswords DS and Virtual Console Pokemon Puzzle League.
Rockstar Games' highly anticipated open-world action game finally arrives at retail, scares off most of the competition.
GTAIV launches down under.
As Iron Man and Mario Kart Wii stare down Rockstar's 800-pound gorilla, top analysts and Secret Level's Jeremy Gordon weigh in on launching alongside the biggest game of the year. ...
Oscar-nominated actors will lend voices to game tie-in for Marvel's superheroic blockbuster, launching for consoles, handhelds, PC on May 2.
Play.com let slip dates for a bunch of titles, including Fable 2, Ghostbusters, Prototype, Ninja Gaiden II, and The Bourne Conspiracy.
Tony Stark is set to fly in this movie-based action game from Sega, and we've got a first look.
[UPDATE] Publisher pulling curtain on Mario & Sonic at the Olympics for the first time; Condemned 2, Iron Man, Sega Rally Revo also on docket.
What do Iron Man, the Hulk, Captain America, and The Mighty Thor have in common with Sonic the Hedgehog? They're all being turned into games by Sega. Scott Steinberg explains ...
Bruce Banner's mean and green alter ego, Captain America, and The Mighty Thor join Iron Man on the Japanese publisher's roster.
Marvel grants Sonic Factory exclusive rights to make games based on its classic comic book and another unnamed superhero franchise.
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Online Drug Class offers the most comprehensive online drug awareness classes available in Stanford Montana. We offer 8 hour, 12 hour, 16 hour and 24 hour online Drug Awareness and Education Classes.
Our Stanford Montana drug classes are ideal to fulfill a court-ordered drug awareness class requirement or just for lifelong learning. Our courses are completely self-paced and can be taken from any PC, Mac, iPad or smartphone.
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Our drug education classes have been created and written by expert researchers. They have been carefully designed to be both easy to use and educational. The lessons contain the course materials that are nationally accepted and meet or exceed Stanford Montana requirements. Users will find a variety of different content in the drug course including photos, illustrations and videos.
Start your Stanford Montana drug class today! Click here to enroll.
We accept most major credit cards including MasterCard, Visa and Amex. You must pay for the Stanford Montana online drug course before you can access to the course materials. All student information is processed using SSL-encryption technology, and all credit card and online check information is processed via our secure payment processing company.
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Some new images from Tommy Wirkola's Hansel and Gretel Witch Hunters have cropped up. If you caught the latest red-band trailer for the flick, you know that Jeremy Renner (The Avengers) and Gemma Arterton (Prince of Persia) are seeking to exterminate witches with their own brand of gratuitous vengeance. These new images give a good look at the characters and their weapons (is that Looper's Blunderbuss?) as well as co-stars Peter Stormare (Fargo) and Thomas Mann (Project X). Hansel and Gretel Witch Hunters opens on January 25th. Hit the jump to check out the new images.
Click on any of the following images from Hansel and Gretel Witch Hunters to view in hi-res:
Here's the synopsis for Hansel and Gretel: Witch Hunters.
Catching up with Hansel (Renner) and Gretel (Arterton) 15 years after the traumatic incident involving a gingerbread house, the siblings have evolved into vengeful bounty hunters dedicated to exterminating witches. Over the years, the siblings became expert hunters, famous for their proficiency at tracking and taking down their prey. Although still recovering from their ordeal, their work is relatively easy as for an unknown reason harmful spells and curses do not work well against them.
The Mayor of Augsburg recruits them to rid the town and nearby forests of an evil sorceress (Janssen) who is planning to sacrifice many local children at the witches' gathering during the upcoming 'Blood Moon' night in two days time. To make things worse, the duo also has to deal with the brutal Sheriff Berringer (Stormare) who has taken power in Augsburg and conducts a very indiscriminate witch-hunt of his own.


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HOUSTON – Down a man in the dying stages of the game, an 87th-minute blast off the foot of the Houston Dynamo's Colin Clark saved a result for the home side in a physical 2-2 draw against rivals FC Dallas.
Down a man since the 73rd minute, the Dynamo looked destined to fall to their neighbors to the north. However, a sharp through ball from Brad Davis – who notched two assists on the night - to second-half sub Clark changed the result. Clark beat Dallas defender Zach Loyd to the ball and fired a low shot past Kevin Hartman to secure a share of the spoils.
Ugo Ihemelu scored what looked to be a winner for FCD in the 70th minute, when he found himself free at the edge of the six-yard box. The defender notched his second goal of the year when he deposited a crisp Marvin Chávez corner kick past a diving Tally Hall.
WATCH: Ugo Ihemelu heads home Chavez corner
The rivals traded goals in the first half. Despite Houston having the possession and passing advantage in the first stanza, FC Dallas drew first blood in the 27th minute, when Andrew Jacobson made the Dynamo pay by heading in a rebounded Fabian Castillo shot from 18 yards out. Castillo pulled up and screamed a 25-yard shot off the crossbar. Hall made a leaping attempt to save Castillo's effort, leaving an open net for Jacobson, who converted a rainbow header for Dallas' first tally in the game and his first of the year.
WATCH: Jacobson notches first goal for FC Dallas
Reeling from the goal, Houston responded with a 42nd-minute skipping shot from Cam Weaver to draw even heading into the half. League assist leader Brad Davis added to his splendid 2011 start, picking out a wide open Weaver at the back of the box. Weaver held up his run and let the Dallas defense push toward goal, presenting a big target for Davis, who set the 6-foot-4 forward up for his skidding shot past Hartman. Weaver's goal was his fourth of the season – tying him with Will Bruin for the team lead – and ended FCD's 531-minute scoreless streak.
In what looked to be a devastating three-minute stretch, the Dynamo went down a man when Kofi Sarkodie was sent off for yellow card accumulation when he fouled Brek Shea from behind. Sarkodie's first yellow came on a 57th-minute foul on Chávez from behind.
Sarkodie's yellows were accompanied by cautions for Houston's Lovel Palmer and FC Dallas' Zach Loyd. Palmer drew the referee's ire with a challenge from behind on a streaking Shea in the 30th minute and Loyd drew the caution for a sliding challenge that cut Geoff Cameron down just before the half. Loyd made another questionable challenge that brought Cameron down in the second half but was given a warning, avoiding the ejection.
Shea was also awarded a yellow in second-half stoppage time for unsporting behavior after he kicked a ball into the stands.
The draw pushes the Dynamo to 15 points ahead of a trip to San Jose on the weekend. FC Dallas improve to 22 points and will host the New England Revolution at Pizza Hut Park next Saturday. The second leg of the Texas Derby will take place Sept. 24 at Pizza Hut Park.
For full stats, visit the MLS MatchCenter.
Scoring Summary:
DAL -- Andrew Jacobson 1 (unassisted) 27
HOU -- Cam Weaver 4 (Brad Davis 7) 42
DAL -- Ugo Ihemelu 2 (Marvin Chavez 4) 70
HOU -- Colin Clark 2 (Brad Davis 8, Cam Weaver 1) 87
Misconduct Summary:
HOU -- Lovel Palmer (caution; Reckless Tackle) 30
DAL -- Zach Loyd (caution; Reckless Tackle) 46+
HOU -- Kofi Sarkodie (caution; Tactical Foul) 56
HOU -- Kofi Sarkodie (caution; Reckless Tackle) 72
HOU -- Kofi Sarkodie (ejection; Second Caution) 72
DAL -- Brek Shea (caution; Unsporting Behavior) 91+
FC Dallas -- Kevin Hartman, Jackson Goncalves (Jair Benitez 46), Ugo Ihemelu, Bobby Warshaw, Zach Loyd, Eric Alexander (Milton Rodriguez 64), Daniel Hernandez, Andrew Jacobson, Brek Shea, Marvin Chavez, Fabian Castillo (Ricardo Villar 84).
Substitutes Not Used: Eric Avila, Bruno Guarda, Ruben Luna, Chris Seitz.
Houston Dynamo -- Tally Hall, Kofi Sarkodie, Andre Hainault, Jermaine Taylor (Alex Dixon 84), Mike Chabala, Je-Vaughn Watson (Colin Clark 66), Geoff Cameron, Lovel Palmer, Brad Davis, Cam Weaver, Will Bruin (Koke 75).
Substitutes Not Used: Bobby Boswell, Hunter Freeman, Jason Garey, Tyler Deric.
Referee: Terry Vaughn
Referee's Assistants: -George Gansner; Eric Boria
4th Official: Armando Villarreal
Weather: Clear and 86 degrees
Attendance: 16,709


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BAGRAM AIRFIELD, Afghanistan -- Up until a few days ago, Staff Sgt. Derek Allen hadn't seen his brother, Army Cpl. Greg Allen, in a long time. However, an interesting twist of fate spurred their separate services to bring them together here for the Christmas holidays.
"Both of us being here in (Afghanistan) is the closest we have ever been to each other since Thanksgiving 2009," said Derek, a 455th Expeditionary Maintenance Squadron tactical aircraft maintenance craftsman, deployed from Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Ariz.
As a teenager in Akron, Ohio, Derek was driven to join the Air Force following 9/11.
"We took the path less traveled," he said of the choices he and his brother made to join the armed services.
Their parents, Charles and Melissa , recalled their eldest son's decision to join the Air Force was long planned.
"(Derek) knew well into his senior year," Melissa said, "he signed even before he graduated."
But while Derek chose the Air Force, his brother opted for the Army instead.
"He didn't want to be like his older brother," Derek said with a grin, "he wanted to blaze his own path."
However, Greg said his brother was one of the biggest supporters of his decision to join the Army.
Besides his wife, "(my brother) was only person who really understood," he said.
Despite some good-natured ribbing about each other's chosen service, the Allen brothers have found the military has only strengthened their relationship, despite their physical distance.
Recently, that special relationship was strengthened even further. Derek was able to look out for his younger brother, without even realizing it at the time.
As a member of the A-10 Thuderbolt II phase inspection team here, Derek ensures that the A-10s are ready to execute their close air support mission for troops in the field. One December day, two A-10s were providing air support when they received a call that a unit was under fire and needed overhead assistance. One aircraft made a pass over the area and got the call from the joint terminal attack controller that they needed some heavy fire. Dropping two 500-pound bombs, the aircraft hit the target and the hostile fire subsided.
Derek later found out the unit that needed assistance was part of the 101st Airborne Division, and his brother was among the troops whose lives were safeguarded that day.
"When it comes to close air support, the A-10 is the first thing you think of," Greg said later, adding it was tremendous confidence boost to watch the A-10 do its work.
"That was a moment where I knew everyone was going to make it back," he said.
Soon afterward, Greg contacted his brother via Facebook asking him to thank the A-10 pilot. Derek said he has always taken pride in his work, but hearing the news of how aircraft he prepares for flight helped protect his brother increased it.
"I, and the rest of the guys on our phase team, directly affected the combat airpower that was able to help out not only my brother but all the guys in his unit," he said. "It's not every day that an older brother truly gets to make sure that the skies over his little brother are safe.
"To know my brother gets to come home to my niece and his wife is a great feeling," he said.
When the brothers' respective leaders heard the story, they launched a successful effort to get them together for the holidays. When Greg arrived here, the time spent apart seemed to disappear.
"It was literally like having seen him just yesterday," Derek said of his brother's arrival.
That comes as good news to their parents.
"They do a lot of shielding of us; they don't want us to worry," said Melissa. "When we finally got the gist of what happened, we were like 'Oh, wow, those types of things really are going on.'"
Charles echoed his wife's feelings.
"Like any other parent you're always thinking about it, but at the same time you aren't thinking about it."
For the time being however, Melissa and her husband are thrilled at the thought of her sons spending Christmas together for the first time in years.
"It really is an awesome Christmas gift," she said. "They may not be with us and we're not with them, but at least they can be with each other."


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NEW YORK, N.Y. – A former Goldman Sachs and Procter & Gamble board member was fairly convicted on charges that he fed lucrative inside tips to a billionaire hedge fund owner, a federal appeals court said Tuesday.
The 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals made the ruling in the case of Rajat Gupta, rejecting his claims that he deserves a new trial on charges of conspiracy and securities fraud.
Gupta, 65, was sentenced to two years in prison in October 2012 but has been free on $10 million bail. It was not immediately clear when he would have to report to prison. Prosecutors said he fed tips about Goldman to one-time billionaire hedge fund owner Raj Rajaratnam.
The appeals court said the government's circumstantial evidence that Gupta passed inside information to Rajaratnam was strong. The 2nd Circuit cited "the timing of Gupta's calls to Rajaratnam — each placed approximately one minute after Gupta received extraordinary news about Goldman Sachs finances — and the timing and nature of Rajaratnam's large trades in Goldman Sachs stock."
His lawyer, Seth Waxman, said: "We're very disappointed in today's decision, believe Mr. Gupta is entitled to a new trial, and are closely reviewing the opinion with an eye toward further review."
The Westport, Conn., resident was the biggest catch in the government's five-year crackdown on insider trading that featured wiretaps and numerous co-operators. The prosecution resulted in dozens of guilty pleas and trial convictions, including Rajaratnam, who is serving an 11-year prison sentence after his 2011 conviction.
Prosecutors said at trial that Gupta raced to telephone Rajaratnam with stock tips sometimes only minutes after getting them from board conference calls, helping Rajaratnam make more than $11 million in illegal profits for him and his investors. The money was among up to $75 million that the government said Rajaratnam made illegally while he operated the Galleon Group of funds he founded.
Gupta was motivated to help Rajaratnam because he had a financial stake in some of the hedge fund manager's business ventures, prosecutors said.
The government said Gupta, a former chief of the global consulting firm McKinsey & Co. and a onetime director of the huge consumer products company Procter & Gamble, fed Rajaratnam inside tips between March 2007 and January 2009.


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By Reese Halter
*This broadcast was given for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Radio 1, Science Unit as an Ockham's Razor talk. The text in its entirety is below.
I dedicate this broadcast to my late friend Dr Robert "Bobby" F. Steinberg - he loved the dolphins and our oceans, and unstintingly believed in my mission: Rest in Peace Dear Bobby!
There's a crisis of epic proportion occurring on our planet 24/7, 365: 'The War Against Nature' has become a prolonged looting spree -- plundering terrestrial and oceanic wildlife on a global tear never witnessed before. The fact that the Mafia, Syndicate, Cartel and Triad's are involved heavily in shark fining, slaughtering bluefin tuna, massacring rhinos, elephants and tigers -- as the demand for rhino horns, elephant ivory, fur and animals parts skyrockets -- means these incredible beasts and others have no chance whatsoever to continue to live on planet Earth.
What kind of a world are we leaving for our children?
The destruction of nature including illegal harvesting of forests for an unquenchable palm oil market and trafficking of animal parts is valued in excess of $300 billion, annually; it now rivals that of drugs, arms and human trafficking, combined. No wonder organized crime is running this lucrative life-ending business.
And even more infuriatingly Japan, Iceland and Norway continue to hunt whales despite a 1986 worldwide moratorium. Japan harpoons whales in the Great Southern Ocean within an international sanctuary where populations of great whales are no more than three percent of what they were a mere 200 years ago. Japan claims to hunts whales under the auspice of scientific research, which is simply not true.
Japan's 'scientific whale research' is overtly flawed. If, in fact, they were testing a hypothesis then their factory boat the Nisshin Maru's reaction to harassment by the Sea Shepherd ships during the 2012-13 whaling season would have ended the research sampling for that season. Instead, the Nisshin Maru fled, followed by one of its catcher boats, to the other side of the Antarctic continent, thousands of kilometers from its designated research area where it resumed killing minke whales. A real research program is based upon systematic, pre-planned sampling in a designated area within a designated time frame. Japan's 'lethal research' of whales in the Antarctic has nothing to do with 'scientific research.'
Poaching has reached a frenzied level elsewhere. The pictures of magnificent rhinos dehorned while still alive in Kruger National Park, South Africa, are enough to make a grown man cry. These atrocities are crimes against humanity. More....


text:
Church Web Site:
General Information
Postal Address:
427 West Side Ave
PO Box 4397
Jersey City, NJ 07304
Commemorations for Amshir 3
On this day, St. James, the ascetic monk, departed. This father denounced the world since his childhood. He dwelt in a cave for 15 years, during which he struggled with long fasting and numerous prayers. He did not leave his cave all this time.
Some followers of the evil one plotted against him, and they sent him a harlot. She decorated herself and went and entered his cave. She tried to get closer to him and flirted with him to entice him to commit sin with her. But he preached to her, and reminded her of the fire of hell, and the eternal punishments. She repented on his hand and went back to the city, thanking God, Who had compassion on her and brought her back from the way of eternal death to the way of eternal life.
God performed many miracles through him. When he finished his good struggle in this life, he departed in peace.
His prayers be with us, and Glory be to our God forever. Amen.
Style: Nomal | Presentation Mode


text:
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Family friendly festivals, workshops and other events La Foret
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No listings were found matching your selection. Something missing? Why not add a listing?.


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Equity futures are up substantially this morning, clearly breaking up and out of the May downtrend. The dollar is lower, the Euro higher, bonds are lower, oil is breaking out higher (>$103), gold is flat, silver is higher, and food commodities are mixed with wheat lower and corn higher.
Stocks are breaking out higher on what (as if we didn't know)? Downgrades in Europe? Goldman lowering forecasted U.S. growth? No, no, yet another supposed "bailout" of Greece part XVII… just another sad Greek Tragedy. This tragedy is a total repeat of history, the people failing to remove the shyster money changers.
But for U.S. futures to zoom wildly can only happen because there is an excess of hot money. The total supply of the three money forms is simply too much and it has allowed the money changers to capture politics, the markets, and the productive efforts of the world.
While their assets are soaring in manipulated value, your "assets" are falling in value. The Case-Shiller Home Price Data just came in for the end of Q1 (March) and home prices not only sank during March, and year over year, but they hit the lowest point of the crisis so far. Here's Econspin:
No relief in sight for falling home prices is the unfortunate conclusion drawn by the S&P Case-Shiller report which says its latest data confirm a double dip for the housing sector. The Case-Shiller adjusted composite 10 index is down 0.1 percent for March and down 0.2 percent for the composite 20. Despite the report's commentary, these readings aren't that bad as the rates of decline are less than prior months and given that the readings are three-month averages suggesting that the March data may actually show a small gain. But the year-on-year rates are showing deterioration, at minus 2.8 percent for the 10 index and minus 3.5 percent for the 20.
The unadjusted readings, which are given preferred attention by the report, also show easing rates of decline, at minus 0.6 percent for the 10 index and minus 0.8 percent for the 20. These readings were minus one percent and worse in prior months. The unadjusted year-on-year rates are very close to the adjusted data.
The breadth of decline is a big negative in the report with 18 of 20 cities showing unadjusted month-to-month declines, which however again are three-month averages. The report's national quarterly reading is at minus 4.2 percent in the first quarter vs minus 3.6 percent in the fourth quarter. This reading is at a new low for the cycle and is back to the mid-2002 level.
Here is the entire report:
Case Shiller MARCH
Remember all the people who said that housing had bottomed some time ago? Well, they were wrong again, all the while I've been pointing to the impossible math and the number of Option-Arm resets that peak later this year. Data since March also shows that prices are continuing to fall.
The Chicago PMI and "Consumer" Confidence come out later this morning and will be reported inside of today's Daily Thread.
Following the waves, this breakout higher in the markets probably signifies the start of the 5th wave up (e). It may go on to produce new highs, but fifth waves can truncate or extend. From my perspective its simply the devaluing of our money and manipulation, actions that lead to nowhere good for those who are caught in the squeeze.


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Kevin Grandia | November 6, 2007
By Kevin Grandia • Tuesday, November 6, 2007 - 11:31
- A smoked herring having a reddish color.
- Something that draws attention away from the central issue.
Whether it's in on a right-wing blog, an online forum or at a family dinner, we've all heard an array of lame arguments against the realities of human-induced climate change.
Here's the top 5 red herrings:
1. A group of "experts" signed a letter stating that there is no consensus on climate change
Science is a process of proposing an hypothesis, testing it and then publishing those results in a peer-reviewed research journal. A letter signed by a bunch of people stating that the theory of human-caused global warming is wrong does not prove anything scientifically.
In any major scientific issue there is always a group of outliers and contrarians who challenge the scientific consensus. However, the normal means for such outliers to "debate" issues of science is not to sign letters and go on Fox News, but to do real research and prove the consensus to be wrong.Published research is the only way contrarians can refute the overwhelming scientific evidence pointing to human-caused global warming. Anything other than research is a red-herring.
2. The climate is always changing - it's natural
The fact that there has been historical variation in temperature and greenhouse gas levels is well known in science. But natural variation is not what has been observed since the industrial revolution. Check out this graph.
Scientists are observing an unprecedented upswing of greenhouse gas concentrations in our atmosphere and it is not only the never-before-seen concentrations that are concerning, it is also the rate of change. Gradual changes over thousands of years allow species to adapt, but the rapidity of the changes we are seeing today does not allow for such adaptation. Here's what that looks like in terms of temperature rise.
In other words, the climate change we are seeing today is not "natural," and to compare it to past fluctuations is like comparing apples to, well, red herrings.
3. Scientists predicted global cooling in the 1970's
And in the 1950's scientists were using LSD to treat alcoholism. The body of knowledge gained by science is always evolving, and we use our best knowledge at any given time to make decisions. In 1971 scientists did indeed claim that the earth could possibly cool due the massive increase in the use of aerosol pollution.
However, the claim was very short lived and further research found that any cooling effects of aerosol in the atmosphere would be overwhelmed by the warming effects of human-produced greenhouse gases.
Comparing the massive amounts of scientific research and multiple lines of evidence pointing to human-caused climate change, to the 37 year old short-lived theory of global cooling is nothing but a smelly, old red herring.
4. Al Gore flies around the world in carbon-emitting jets
Al Gore has done an amazing job communicating the science of climate change, and his Oscar-wining film and Nobel Prize prove that. Gore travels around the world raising awareness of the urgency of the climate crisis and his efforts have greatly advanced the issue. Any excessive greenhouse gas emissions Gore uses in these have been outstripped by the amazing work he has done.
What would you have Gore do? Walk to China?
Whether you agree with me or not, Al Gore is only one individual and to hold him up as a reason to not do anything personally to reduce your carbon footprint it a lame excuse for inaction.
5. The Mann "hockey stick" graph
A climate reconstruction published in 1998(pdf) by Dr. Micheal Mann showed a major and unprecedented upswing in temperatures compared to previous 2,000 years. The graph showed relatively flat temperature recordings with a dramatic upturn in the last half century making the graph look like a hockey stick. Here's the graph.
The Mann Hockey Stick graph featured prominently in the 2001 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and has been the focus of attacks by so-called "climate skeptics" ever since. Most of the attack focused on a minor statistical flaw that was uncovered in Mann's original reconstruction graph. This minor flaw was flogged as somehow proving that the entire theory of human-caused climate change was in question.
The Mann "hockey stick" was one study done 9 years ago that has since been replicated by numerous other studies through multiple lines of evidence. Look at this graph for other comparable reconstructions. In fact, a 2006 report issued(pdf) by the US National Academy of Science stated this of the Mann "hockey stick:"
The basic conclusion of Mann et al. (1998, 1999) was that the late 20th century warmth in the Northern Hemisphere was unprecedented during at least the last 1000 years. This conclusion has subsequently been supported by an array of evidence that includes both additional large-scale surface temperature reconstructions and pronounced changes in a variety of local proxy indicators, such as melting on ice caps and the retreat of glaciers around the world."
In other words, the Hockey Stick is just another red herring propped up by those who insist on keeping their heads firmly planted in the nice warm (and getting warmer) sand.
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FEMACK replied on Permalink
Hey, Kevin, I think your processor hiccuped. You've got Gore in there twice, and two #3's.
But good points, also known as "that old chestnut" x5
Kevin Grandia replied on Permalink
Thanks, corrected.
Steve L replied on Permalink
But what about these?
Some people over-state the threat. Some media stories do hype worst case scenarios.
Some people are trying to take advantage of efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Al Gore is fat and his kid may have smoked pot.
It got warm and cold in the past without people; surely that means humans aren't affecting anything now.
The 'I' in IPCC stands for Intergovernmental (clearly a sign of Communist motives since it's inception) – it's all a plot to take our money and give it to other countries. It's simultaneously somehow also a plot to keep the third world poor (see Lomborg).
Warmer climates have some benefits in some cases.
Someone who thinks AGW is concerning was also worried about Y2K.
The AGW hypothesis hasn't been 'proved' (never mind that you can't prove an hypothesis).
They call it "climate change" now instead of "global warming" – watch them retreat (and ignore the last two consonants in IPCC). …
Um, I think that's it. How can you deny us equal time to argue.
Oh, but there's that word "deny" – clearly the science is wrong because some people who call us "deniers" think it's right, and they're clearly trying to associate us with holocaust deniers.
Kevin Grandia replied on Permalink
So I forgot a few
Thanks for picking up my slack Steve!
rob replied on Permalink
And your point?
"Al Gore is fat"
True. This is largely due to his steady diet of endangered sea bass.
"and his kid may have smoked pot.
True. "may have smoked pot"? He confessed to it.
"On July 4, 2007, Gore was arrested in Laguna Hills in Orange County, California for speeding over 100 MPH in a Toyota Prius. Gore admitted to recently smoking marijuana and was found to be in possession of a small amount of marijuana along with prescription drugs. Police reported that Gore had not been prescribed the drugs.[8][9][10] On July 20, 2007 Gore was charged with two felony counts of possession of a controlled substance, two misdemeanor counts of possessing a controlled substance without a prescription, one misdemeanor count of possession of marijuana, and a traffic infraction for driving at a speed greater than 100 miles per hour.[11][12] On July 30, 2007, Gore pleaded guilty to two felony counts of drug possession, two misdemeanor counts of drug possession without a prescription and one misdemeanor count of marijuana possession, according to the district attorney's office.[13]"
"it's all a plot to take our money and give it to other countries. It's simultaneously somehow also a plot to keep the third world poor (see Lomborg)."
Without ascribing motives, are you saying the end result won't be the same?
"Warmer climates have some benefits in some cases."
Are you claiming this isn't True?
"The AGW hypothesis hasn't been 'proved' (never mind that you can't prove an hypothesis)."
LOL! I don't know what post-modernist school you went to, but in the case of AGW, you are (unwittingly) probably correct.
"They call it "climate change" now instead of "global warming" – watch them retreat (and ignore the last two consonants in IPCC). … "
It wasn't so long ago that the prevailing fear was another ice age, so it's understandable that people take this latest prognostication with a huge pound of salt.
Well, some of us, at any rate.
Dan replied on Permalink
make it up, go ahead
Sea bass is not on the endangered species list. Not even if you are pretending to be Canadian. Do you mean Chilean sea bass. Not that, either.
Steve L replied on Permalink
It's great to see a post from you that isn't 90% insults. And also I'm happy to see evidence of reading (I learned something! – but I never would have cared to look it up because it's irrelevant, which was my point). I just wish that you would have taken my advice (provided on another thread) and looked up philosophy of science and Karl Popper. Really, it would help. Compare falsification, validation, and mathematical proof on wikipedia.
Tom replied on Permalink
I wonder...
Rob…if you wiggled your ears, would you fly?
Republican Failure replied on Permalink
Are you a Ted Nugent
Are you a Ted Nugent psycho-Republican kill-kill-kill neoFascist that hates the Constitution?
You "shure" sound like one.
Please learn basic American English. When you're finished, try arguing your point. Until then, your point is nothing but gibberish that makes no sense to anyone.
Steve L replied on Permalink
Dear R.F. I thought my post was funny. Kevin could tell it was a joke, I think, at least judging from his response. I was repeating stupid things that AGW deniers say in an attempt to garner support for their assertions. In some cases I had to put stuff in parentheses (like the part about hypotheses not being proved in the scientific method) because some people active on this blog have misunderstandings basic enough that they wouldn't get it.
looking around replied on Permalink
Can anyone explaine how the SUV's on earth can be responsible for the ice melting on Saturns Moons and the other planets, further than earth from the sun, experiencing similar melting?
Can someone also explain to me why 400 credited scientist dissenting Gors ideals are being laughed at and ignored?
Can someone explain why the polar bear stranded on an ice patch is used as a mascot when the polar bear can swin up to 200 miles?
The witch doctors from ancient times knew the sun cycles and appropriately used this secret knowledge as a mean to munipulate societies, much the same way as how climate change is a catalyst for the carbon tax, used to fund the UN.
Is it just me or could the suns radients be responsible for climate change?
Hw can we bring stability to an unstable planet. Earth has never been stable, infact, no planet in our solar system has been stable?
Something smeels fishy!
rob replied on Permalink
Speaking of Red Herrings
"Science is a process of proposing an hypothesis, testing it"
End of story.
Now for your mendacity:
"… and then publishing those results in a peer-reviewed research journal."
Nope. Has nothing to do with the scientific process. Whether or not something is published has no bearing on it's scientific validity. Does the fact that much of nuclear research, which is never published for reasons of national security, make it just so much crazy pseudo-science? And in what scientific journal did Galileo publish his work? By your standards, then, the Earth is the centre of the solar system and nuclear energy is a big hoax.
" A letter signed by a bunch of people stating that the theory of human-caused global warming is wrong does not prove anything scientifically."
I can't even count the times you've repeated this logical error. The burden of proof is on those who champion a particular hypothesis – it is not on anyone else to disprove it.
And this brings us to your very own red herring:
The hypothesis of anthropogenic global warming has never yet been conclusively proven.
So how do you expect anyone to disprove what has never been proven in the first place?
Yet another error you continually make is that there is a "consensus". This is demonstrably untrue. Your attempt to dismiss those disputing your claim as "a bunch of people" (all bonafide experts in the field, no less – and including members of the IPCC panel!) is prima facie evidence.
And if you hadn't already tried to squeeze in enough of your own red herrings, the biggest one is that science does not require or depend on any "consensus". Science is not a democracy.
No matter how many times you repeat your fallacies, it won't make them true. Not that it will stop you. You are employed in PR, and not science, after all, and you do have an axe to grind.
"Published research is the only way contrarians can refute the overwhelming scientific evidence pointing to human-caused global warming. Anything other than research is a red-herring."
If the evidence is so "overwhelming", then why do so many people dispute it? Apparently it's not that overwhelming. Otherwise, why would it need a PR company to shill for it? In reality, the evidence, such as it is, even though you are eager to view it as "overwhelming", is very far from conclusive. That's the part you seem to consistently overlook.
law replied on Permalink
if our fridges and aerosols
if our fridges and aerosols can make a hole in the ozone layer, then i suspect that billions and billions of tonnes of co2 accumulating year after year will also have an effect on the atmosphere and climate.
Seeing that human co2 emissions and global temperature increases seem to be moving in concert is glaring enough already….
CptofMySoul replied on Permalink
You forgot my
You forgot my favorite:
"When was the last time the weather girl had the right prediction for tomorrow's weather. How could they possible predict what will happen 50 years from now?"
Thinking replied on Permalink
How do you slay a red herring?
With Straw Men of course!
"1. A group of "experts" signed a letter stating that there is no consensus on climate change"
Never mind the research that does exist, and never mind that Global Warming hasn't been proven… the important thing is that these people sent a letter to Fox news….
they must be wrong!
2. The climate is always changing - it's natural
Woah this is a red-straw-herring-man. we go from greenhouse gases directly to tempurature. Lets never-mind that the consensus on the ICE AGE is that it happened rapidly. So yes, a long long time before factories existed, tempuratures changed wildly and quickly. We have proof! But the important thing here isn't the facts… its that I can make a funny comment like "comparing apples to, well, red herrings"
"3. Scientists predicted global cooling in the 1970's
Another red-straw-herring-man: Hey who cares what scientists said, lets talk about LSD and alcohol! See old scientists are stupid, our new scientists are cool! What? you want to mention that scientific consensus can change really fast? but OLD SCIENTISTS ARE STUPID!
"4. Al Gore flies around the world in carbon-emitting jets"
red herring: No one ever said that global warming doesn't exist because Al Gore is bad at PR. Many people do say that he is silly!
5. The Mann "hockey stick" graph
Straw man: Look everyone… there was once this study, and it was botched… but it doesn't matter… ergo people who don't beleive in global warming must be wrong!
Now, I know that the red herrings used to dispute the red herrings in this article are easy to see. But the Straw man attacks aren't so easy . The article as a whole is a strawman attack. Basically we take 5 barely relevant facts, make weak arguments that somehow by disproving (or at least trying to disprove) them, we will prove Global Warming Exists. This doesn't compute.
Why dont we talk about real facts! Like holes in the ozone are nowhere near any producers or polution. Last time I checked, Antarctica and Greenland don't produce much polution. And don't blame the trade winds, because trade winds always come in pairs. If one is going north, another is going south (or east and west).
Lets talk about how today we can measure tempurature really accurately, but to look into the past we have to use cruder measurements (that may miss rapid variations in temp).
Lets talk about how in the 1990's a volcano erupted (sorry don't remember the year), releasing more greenhouse gases in the air than what was produced by the whole industrialized world that year… and even though there was a major localized change in temp. and weather, there was no temperature change on a global level that could be attributed to this eruption.
Lets talk about how alot of greenhouse gas is heavier than air, so it doesn't stay high in the atmosphere long.
rye o tech replied on Permalink
QUOTE "Why dont we talk about real facts! Like holes in the ozone are nowhere near any producers or polution. Last time I checked, Antarctica and Greenland don't produce much polution." END QUOTE
Are you for real? (you sound like a environmentalist trying to make the "deniers" sound stupid.)
Personally I'll be taking my advice on pollution from someone that can spell it.
Tom replied on Permalink
Feel better?
You should.
A lot of garbage was just spewed out.
1.If someone has to depend on Fox News to make some sort
of scientific point….there can't be much substance
to their point of view.
2.When you read something, try to comprehend what's
printed. What part of 'not "natural" ' did you not
3.Didn't pick up on this one either, did you?
4.Silly? To whom? Your immediate family circle?
5.Go back and read it again. This time see if you can get
past the word "flaw". Read the whole thing!
Also, when you start ranting about ozone and CO2,and their interaction with the atmosphere….it really would be helpful if you knew what you were talking about!
By the way…get a dictionary, your spelling sucks…
Justin Wood replied on Permalink
never-before-seen concentrations
Very much agree with everything you've said, but one minor point: "never-before-seen concentrations" [of GHG]. That's not really true in the literal sense, at least for CO2. In the Eocene period CO2 concentrations ranged 1000-4000+ ppm, far higher than today; although that was 50 odd million years ago and the planet was just a lil bit warmer…
[ref: Pearson, Paul N and Martin R Palmer. 2000. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations over the past 60 million years. Nature.]
Dan replied on Permalink
sorry to quibble on facts
Except that the Eocene was not a period. Are you clear on the geological time scale? No worries. You are way ahead of the deniers.
Justin Wood replied on Permalink
oops, quite right
Yes of course - epoch, not period. (Right?) But that wasn't really my point ;)
John McAllen replied on Permalink
How about one that is NOT a red herring, then?
Do CO2 levels follow heat levels, or do heat levels follow CO2 levels? Or do they both feed off each other a bit?
Can anybody answer this?
Steve L replied on Permalink
The INTERWEB
John McAllen: Everybody with access to the internet can answer this. You could go to a science site and find entire posts on exactly this topic. Search Realclimate.org, or Coby Beck's guide (http://illconsidered.blogspot.com/2006/02/how-to-talk-to-global-warming-sceptic.html), or go to the Scientific American guide to climate change for the perplexed (helpfully linked on the first page of desmogblog.com). You'll find plenty of help there for a bunch of the other bad arguments that folks post.
Steve L replied on Permalink
My bad
New Scientist (linked from the front page), not Scientific American. Happy reading! [http://environment.newscientist.com/channel/earth/dn11462]
Carl Szczerski replied on Permalink
I didnt look it up, but if
I didnt look it up, but if required I can. My first impulse is to say both, and in complicated dynamics. One can trigger the other and vice versa. Changes in orbit, tilt axis, solar intensity, earth surface cover can modify amount of energy hitting and absorbed by the earth and thus temperature can be effected. CO2 levels will flux with temperature generally CO2 levels rise with temp, and lower with falling temp. As CO2 is a greenhouse gas, if you raise its concentration it will modify temperature and facilitate further warming and lowering it will of course cause cooling…..so "feeding on each other" is a good way of looking at it.
Dan replied on Permalink
top Can Free Press crap
You didn't really expand enough on the two main arguments of climate denial intellectuals:
a) Gore is fat
b) Gore has an big house
If these are true, then it follows that CO2 cannot absorb energy, and CO2 is not generated from human burning of fossil fuels.
John Mashey replied on Permalink
My favorite list
Is done by John Cook at:
he's got a top-level list of ~50 arguments, each pointing to a well-explained web-page, with charts, references, and pointers to posting that use this argument. I'm working with him to make the list a little easier to use, because it makes little sense to keep posting short lists again and again.
Steve L replied on Permalink
You know it would be even cooler if websites like this one had software that would scan comments for the most frequently repeated silly contrarian arguments and insert helpful links to the full explanation so that others don't have to continually post (inferior) corrections.
Tom replied on Permalink
Somehow I missed the site…
I suspect The Skepticalscience title made me suspicious.
John Mashey replied on Permalink
Skeptical Science
It uses the term "skeptical" in the classic old form of having an open mind, weighing evidence carefully, and changing your mind when the evidence does. I.e., it's like "The Skeptical Inquirer" or "Skeptic" magazines, or the idea that scientists are generally trained to think skeptically.
Now, had I pointed you at a website called www.denialistscience.com, you might have real cause to worry … but nobody would use that name :-), and it is certainly the case that the claims of some people to be skeptics are misleading.
FEMACK replied on Permalink
skeptical/critical thinking
I visited John Cook's site, too, and read his "about us" page. It's curious that he got into this issue more or less the way I did. He says he keeps hoping to be convinced by one of the skeptic's arguments – don't we ALL wish it were all a mistake? It's amazing to me that there is so much information available these days, and so few people make the effort to dig into it, rather than trolling the headlines and soundbites, skimming across the surface. Inhofe said it? Must be true – he's important. Tim Ball was the first Cdn PhD in climatology? Must be true – he wouldn't stand there & lie to our faces. Whatever happened to critical thinking?
John Cook replied on Permalink
The title "skeptical science" is a reference to the kind of "science" you read on skeptic websites which are often dubious in nature (aka skeptical). I can see how the title might be taken the wrong way - hopefully the content of the site clarifies things.
Femack, I probably should update the About Us page - I've moved on from 'hoping to be convinced by a skeptic argument'. When I started my list of skeptic arguments, it was like a 'whodunnit', working out which was the most likely cause of global warming. Since then, the empirical evidence for the warming effect of CO2 is so clear, the more pertinent question for skeptics isn't "if not CO2, what do you think is causing global warming?" but "with all the extra co2 in the atmosphere, why isn't it causing warming?"
VJ replied on Permalink
Have you had the argument
Have you had the argument that CO2 is heavier than air so it sinks to the ground or to the ocean instead of rising up and causing the greenhouse effect?
Carl Szczerski replied on Permalink
Thankfully no, but really,
Thankfully no, but really, the "volcanos emit more CO2 that people do", types would be the only ones to say such a thing.
VJ replied on Permalink
What a coincidence, I
What a coincidence, I believe some of them have made that argument, too. And the one about Mars having global warming.
Patrick Coghlan replied on Permalink
Hi Guys, This may be
Hi Guys,
This may be seen as a highjack of the post, but it is done with the intention of looking at the problem from a different angle.
It is clear that the evidence or lack there of, and the question of whether or not it is conclusive evidence are all CONTENTIOUS issues… Thats what all the posts so far seem to be discussing.
But I wanted to 'step back' from the problem and put it into context. Lets imagine that we are looking from Mars.
Clearly the issue here is one of suffering, both the immediate and possible long-term potential for suffering as a result of climate change, global warming etc.
I think that there is an emerging (albeit) slowly emerging recognition of scientific instrumentalism, whereby people are realising that no matter what the issue, the advancement of science depends upon 'holding lightly' onto your scientific conclusions.
All science is contentious because it is based on perception. When an issue is looked at from the same perspective, it is possible to gain some consensus and have a dialogue about it.
I'm not sure if people will get what I'm trying to say. But if you have a vested interest in proving climate change 'wrong', you will be able to gather the 'evidence' to support the THEORY that the earth will not get significantly warmer.
Similarly if you have an interest in proving climate change 'right', you will be able to gather the 'evidence' to support the THEORY that the earth WILL get significantly warmer.
The point is to use the consensus of both views to guide ACTION. There is NO conclusive proof either way. But logically speaking, is it appropriate to gamble with the future of the earth just because you are so self-righteous to think that you have scientific proof.
I think a number of people have illustrated that science is the testing of theories. In the same way that I would not be willing to use my family to test a hypothetical experimental nuclear powered engine in a car (that was still only 'proven' to be safe on paper).
I am not willing to, arrogant enough, or sadistic enough to consciously GAMBLE the future of the earth on a bunch of scientific speculation. If and when there is evidence that man made climate change is a myth, I will get back in an SUV and live like a king!
Until then, what fucking arrogance it would be to use a questionable theory to justify causing suffering for future generations.
Siddhartha Guatama (aka the buddha), made the analogy that if you were "shot by a poison arrow, would you spend the time asking who shot you, what kind of bow they used, whether they were a king, a brahamin or a beggar…" No! Because by the time you had the answer to all of your speculation, you would be dead!
Simply put, and directed at the idiots who are attempting to disprove climate change so that they don't have to make the effort to change their lifestyle… AND, the hypocrits who will argue the point of climate change and then just do nothing…
Don't Gamble with my future…
Noah Akira-Snow Coghlan
(my son aged 2 yrs)
Patrick Coghlan replied on Permalink
Just to be clear. GAMBLING
Reply to my own Post!
I think it is great to argue the point by the way, I am just trying to illustrate that;
1) The Onus is on the Climate Change 'nay sayers', to prove why we shouldn't change our lives, MORE SO, than the onus is on Climate Change 'believers' to prove why we should change our lives.
Until we either, "start cooking", or have a "Y2K type Anticlimax in 50 years time" we will not conclusively know how the THEORIES translate into fact.
If there is even a semblance of consensus amongst any type of scientific community, that there will be DISASTOROUS consequences, we should ACT on it.
IF and I emphasize IF it is necessary to critique this scientific theory publically, than it should be done with the utmost humility and clarity…
People who speak out against climate change (as well as those who support it) should say IF my theory is correct, this is what the consequences are… and allow people to make up their minds by comparing;
There is so much finger pointing at Al Gore, while he may be a hypocrit (to varying degrees), it must be argued that his efforts are at least in some way connected to a motivation that has some logical integrity.
Yes it is a theory, but I think it is the height of arrogance to paint a picture of Al Gore and a huge number of the scientific community whose theories are in line with his, as ignorant 'doomsday' people on the street corners shouting "the end of the world is nigh", they seem to me to be quite rational people who are analysing the effects of man on the ecosystem which he is a part of, and putting to people the NECESSITY of doing the same. I think there is enough evidence to consider their theories seriously and change our actions accordingly.
Patrick Coghlan replied on Permalink
A Challenge!
YOU do not NEED CONCLUSIVE PROOF TO DO SO, ALTERNATIVE THEORIES ARE NOT APPROPRIATE REASONS TO ADOPT A POTENTIALLY SELF DESTRUCTIVE TRAJECTORY!
Ha ha!!!I hate when I try to say something emphatic and stuff it up. Anyway, please think about it people. There is a big whole in this debate so far, and where I come from big holes (such as the one in the ozone layer over Australia) have actually palpable effects that can be seen.
2 weeks ago I cut a skin cancer out of a guys ear. At least that was my perception. How many of you would care to RISK arguing the validity of my perception in 50 years time when I am treating the negative effects of a failure to recognize mans contribution to global warming?!?
Dr Patrick Coghlan
Patrick Coghlan replied on Permalink
Just in case someone pedantic tries to evade the point…
"Whole" in the context of the last post should be spelt H O L E . My humblest Apologies!
Anyway, get the point people, have some integrity, don't be intellectual pedants, and arm chair theorists. Science is just one step in the process of acting with wisdom… Part of genuine wisdom is having the integrity to follow the theories that you propose and the humility to understand the context of alternative theories, and follow them AT LEAST until you have CONFIDENCE that the theory is wrong.
Keep up the dialogue and debate, but ACT too.


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Source: National Bureau of Economic Research
Release: NBER Macrohistory Database
Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, Bulletin No. 1312-8, "Employment And Earnings In The United States, 1909-1971", Pp. 36 And 608.
This NBER data series m08322 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html.
NBER Indicator: m08322
National Bureau of Economic Research, Labor Turnover, New Hires, Manufacturing for United States [M08322USM497NNBR], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M08322USM497NNBR, September 26, 2020.


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Animated GIF via dump.fm
LH: For as long as I've been familiar with your work—starting on dump.fm in 2010—you've been incredibly prolific. Back then, you were creating and sharing abstract animated GIFs. I remember you would post hundreds of variations on a single shape. I see that kind of preoccupation, or obsession, come up again and again in your work, with the Phone Arts series, the Microsoft Store Paintings, and most recently, the Sheryl Crow Pandora Paintings. These expansive projects create a sense of repetition, ultimately a smooth rhythm, which appears to be so continuous as to not have a beginning or an end. Can you describe the process for coming up with these projects? How do you distinguish the individual pieces?
MM: I don't like to take any single piece too seriously, I want to work on something without the pressure of it being perfect. I think people discount producing a lot of work because they connect it to feed culture like it's more important to produce massive amounts of content for tumblr or instagram or w/e but that's not really what I'm trying to do. I think it's more interesting to like shit out a bunch of work in a natural way whether it's through a rhythm that you just stumble upon or if you see a jpeg on dump and you're like "loloolllollll pssssssh what in the even fuck ommmmmg" so you have to like rework it 50 times because you're obsessed with it, and then step back after you make this massive body of work and say to yourself "what is all that about dude?", than if you try and distill an idea into one perfect piece you've over thought to death. When you try and make a piece fit a preconceived concept it feels like graphic design, you have the message and the content you're just trying to solve how to effectively communicate that through the work and I don't want to work like that.


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Mercedes Kelley Tunstall '95 Testifies Before US Senate Subcommittee
November 20, 2013
At a hearing of the United States Senate's National Security and International Trade and Finance subcommittee yesterday, "Mercedes Kelley Tunstall, a partner at law firm Ballard Spahr LLP, recommended getting rid of features that make Bitcoin transactions anonymous," reports Bloomberg. The story recaps testimony at "The Present and Future Impact of Virtual Currency" hearing, "the second in two days involving government agencies and private companies to discuss Bitcoin," the virtual currency.
A 1995 graduate of DePauw, Tunstall was a music performance major and Honor Scholar as an undergraduate. She received her law degree from the University of Michigan. She is the practice leader of Ballard Spahr's Privacy and Data Security Group and a member of the software and business methods practice team in the firm's Patents Group.
The congressional hearings, reports Olga Kharif, examined the "risks of Bitcoin, including a lack of consumer protections and regulations and the currency's use by criminals."
Read more here.Back


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Problem: When the window is not high enough to show a panel, such as the console or the output panel, it disappears and refuses to show until the window is resized to be large enough again.
Expected behavior: When the panel in question would no longer fit, resize it to 50% of the height of the window.
Steps to reproduce: Open console. Resize window until console no longer fits.


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For Christmas this year, my Dad (whose birthday happens to be today – Happy Birthday, Dad!) sent me the most delicious cherry jam – irresistible on a warm, toasted slice of my homemade bread – and a small bag of dried cherries. I was intially very excited to use the cherries, but then realized that I had no idea what I was going to use them for. Feeling in need of inspiration, I began Google-ing "what to do with dried cherries" and was met with an array of options – scones, cookies, cakes, even cherries plumped up in warm bourbon and served with pork chops – but one idea really stood out to me, and I knew immediately that I wanted to try it: almond and cherry biscotti with a white chocolate glaze.
Now, I don't have many intricate memories from when I was a kid, but for some reason, I do remember my first biscotti. I had just graduated fifth grade, and my mom gave me a large, fancy tin filled with all kinds of chocolate, a funny Italian language phrasebook, and a tin of biscotti. The hard, narrow cookies didn't look very appetizing at first, but being an adventurous kid, I dove right in. From then on, they have been one my most favorite cookies.
So, fifteen years later, I decided I was going to give biscotti a try. And after the first try didn't work out, I found a new recipe and tried again today. The result was the same great tasting, crisp but chewy cookie I remember from my childhood, and I'd be surprised to come across a better one since I've made my own.
I have no doubt that, if you like biscotti, you'll find making it a fun and easy process. Feel free to get creative with this recipe and substitute any kind of dried fruit, nut and/or chocolate for the ones below. The biscotti can even be given as gifts, or you can snuggle up with a hot cocoa for dipping and enjoy them yourself, like I plan to do!
Cherry, Almond & White Chocolate Biscotti
- 2 2/3 cups all-purpose flour
- 1 cup sugar
- 2 tsp. baking powder
- 1/8 tsp. salt
- 1 tbsp. vegetable oil
- 1 tsp. almond extract
- 1 tsp. vanilla
- 4 large eggs
- 1/2 cup dried cherries
- 1/3 cup white chocolate chips
- 1/3 cup sliced or slivered almonds
- white chocolate baking squares or chips
- Combine flour, sugar, baking powder and salt together in a bowl. Set aside.
- In a large bowl, whisk together the eggs, oil, and extracts. Add dry ingredients and mix together until combined. Add cherries, chocolate and almonds – either mix with a wooden spoon or very briefly with an electric mixer.
- Turn the dough out onto a lightly-floured surface. Knead lightly a few times to be sure that berries, chocolate and almonds are well-distributed. (Dough will be sticky, so you may need to lightly re-flour your surface once or twice.)
- Shape the dough into a log about 12 inches long and flatten to 1-inch thickness. Place on a baking sheet and bake at 350 degrees for 35 minutes. Remove roll from baking sheet and let stand for 10 minutes. Transfer to a cutting board and cut roll diagonally into 1/2″ slices.
- Place the slices cut-side down on a baking sheet. Reduce oven temperature to 325 degrees, and bake for 10 minutes. Remove, turn each slice over, and bake for another 10 minutes. Let stand for 10 minutes before adding white chocolate.
- To add white chocolate, simply melt your desired amount in a double boiler or microwave. If the chocolate is too thick, add about a teaspoon of water and whisk until the chocolate has thinned out a bit. Use a fork to drizzle it over the biscotti slices, or dip each slice in a bowl of the melted white chocolate.
- Enjoy!


text:
International Capital Markets : Developments, Prospects, and Key Policy Issues, 1996
Show Summary Details
International Capital Markets
- I Introduction and Summary
- II. Global Financial Markets: Moving Up the Learning Curve
- III. Survey of International Capital Markets
- IV. Surveillance over Global Financial Markets: Broadening Current Arrangements
- V. Controlling Settlement Risk in the Global Foreign Exchange Market
- VI. Policy Implications and Conclusions
- Annex I Major Capital Markets: Trends and Recent Developments
- Annex II Recent Developments in Developing Country Capital Markets
- Annex III Foreign Exchange Markets: Structure and Systemic Risks
- Annex IV International Coordination of Supervision and Regulation of Financial Institutions


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Hip-hop star Nas protests FOX News 'Obama smears'
New York rapper Nas has joined a protest against FOX News.
Citing what he calls "race baiting" and "Obama smears" by FOX, Nas will join ColorOfChange.org and MoveOn.org to deliver more than 620,000 petition signatures demanding that the network end its "pattern of racist attacks against black Americans," among them presidential candidate Barack Obama and his wife Michelle.
In a statement to media, Nas, ColorOfChange.org and MoveOn.org announced the petition will be delivered to FOX's Manhattan offices on July 23 at 2 p.m. ET.
In joining the protest, Nas cites FOX's portrayal of the Obamas as outsiders, as well as an on-screen graphic referring to Michelle Obama as "Obama's baby mama" and the confusing of Obama and Osama by a pundit, who joked that they should both be assassinated. In February, Bill O'Reilly talked about a "lynching party" to deal with Michelle Obama.
"FOX poisons the country with racist propaganda and tries to call it news," Nas said in the statement.
"When FOX talks about lynching the woman who may soon be our first lady and then refers to this wife and mother as a 'baby mama,' they are maligning not only the Obamas, but black women and black people across this country," said James Rucker, executive director of ColorOfChange.org, said in the statement.
"We have over 600,000 signatures — more than half a million people — saying that we won't stand for FOX's racism and hate-mongering."
Nas came to the attention of ColorOfChange.org, a 450,000-member grassroots organization focusing on issues of importance to African Americans, and MoveOn.org, after the release of the new song, "Sly Fox." It features such lyrics as, "Watch what you watchin'/ FOX keeps feeding us toxins," and, "I pledge allegiance to the fair and balanced truth/ Not the biased truth/ Not the liar's truth/ But the highest truth."
But Nas stirred controversy last fall when he announced that his 2008 album would be named for the "N word." The title came under fire from the NAACP, Reverend Jesse Jackson and a Brooklyn, New York, assemblyman. Nas latter scuttled the title, simply calling the new album, which was released July 11, "Untitled."
Posted by Gene Stout at July 22, 2008


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Nichia NCSR219B-V1 SMD-LED with PCB (Star), 75lm, rot
With 24% Nichia is the largest LED manufacturer in the world and inventor of the blue (and so also white) light emitting diode. The innovative Nichia research department is a pioneer when it comes to efficiency and establishes records on a regular basis.
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Dental Hygiene Program Wins Top Honors for a Second Year
The SUNY Canton Dental Hygiene program has been selected as a recipient of the American Dental Hygienists Association's prestigious Student Member Community Service Award for the second year in a row.
Students in the program were recognized for continuing a community outreach initiative that teaches youth the importance of proper oral health. This year, the future dental hygienists worked with almost 100 children from three Mohawk Valley Community Action Agency Headstart facilities in the greater Rome, N.Y. area.
"Only three colleges in the United States win this prestigious award each year," said Pamela P. Quinn, Associate Professor and Curriculum Coordinator for the Associate Program. "We've now won it twice, which further demonstrates the quality of our commitment to the communities we serve."
Each child who participated in the project received an electric toothbrush, provided by a Health Preventive Dentistry grant. The SUNY Canton students demonstrated how to use the brushes to reinforce good home care habits. Some of the children also received a free examination.
"The project is very successful on a variety of levels," Quinn said. "The children and young adults learn about the importance of healthy teeth and good daily habits. They also become more comfortable interacting with oral health care professionals. Our students, in turn, develop a deeper understanding of the dental needs of at-risk populations."
To conclude the project, the Dental Hygiene students hosted a health fair for the parents at three Headstart facilities, to help further encourage healthy oral habits.
Dental Hygiene is a rewarding and flexible career. It is a progressive profession that allows those who are balancing a family and a career the luxury of choosing either part-time or full-time employment. The average annual salary for a full-time hygienist nationwide is $56,700.
SUNY Canton partners with Mohawk Valley Community College to offer this high-need associate degree program, located at the Veteran's Administration Outpatient Facility in the Griffiss Business and Technology Park in Rome. The College also offers a bachelor's degree in dental hygiene through SUNY Canton OnLine. The program is designed for working professionals and graduates who wish to further accelerate their careers.
SUNY Canton offers a wide variety of career-driven bachelor's, associate, and certificate programs, as well as three master's degrees in conjunction with SUNYIT, Utica. Most of SUNY Canton's new four-year programs are designed so students can take them on-campus, online, or both. SUNY Canton OnLine features more than 100 courses online each semester. The College's athletic teams belong to the NAIA's Sunrise Conference, enabling students to compete in their respective sports for four years. Construction is now underway for the College's new Convocation, Athletic, and Recreation Center.
Media inquiries should be directed to Gregory Kie, Media Relations Coordinator, or call 315/386-7528.
Tags: dental hygiene, Griffiss Business & Technology Park, Mohawk Valley Community Action Agency Headstart, Pamela Quinn, Rome, Student Member Community Service Award


text: An external fixation device may be used to keep fractured bones stabilized and in alignment. The device can be adjusted externally to ensure the bones remain in an optimal position during the healing process. This device is commonly used in children and when the skin over the fracture has been damaged.


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47:56 minutes (10.97 MB)
Every few weeks, since the March 11th earthquake, tsunami, and ongoing nuclear crises in Japan, we've been checking in with a few teachers there.
On this episode of Teachers Teaching Teachers we are joined once again by Kim Cofino who gives us us a general update on her own, her students' and colleagues', and her neighbors' responses to the crises. Kim also describes "quakestories," a project she started along with Mary Fish, who also joins us from her school in Japan on this episode of TTT.
Another teacher from Japan and self-described "change agent," Eric Bossieux, joins us once again, and a colleague of Paul Allison's at East-West School for International Studies, David Bantz brings his perspective as well. David is a Japanese language teacher who had just returned from a trip to Japan a week before this webcast.
Click Read more to see a copy of the chat that was happening during the webcast.


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Readings: Curtis Bradley, International Law in the U.S. Legal System
Lawfare is always pleased to note new books by friends and contributors, tag them as Readings, and encourage discussion of them here and around the web. So please welcome Curtis Bradley's brand-new book, International Law in the U.S. Legal System, just out from Oxford UP (2013). Congratulations to Curt, and here is the book description from the publisher:
International Law in the U.S. Legal System explores the dynamic intersection between international law and the domestic legal system within the United States and covers both settled principles as well as unresolved issues and areas of controversy. Curtis Bradley considers all of the principal forms of international law: treaties, decisions and orders of international institutions, customary international law, and jus cogens norms. He also explores a number of specific topics that are implicated by the intersection of U.S. law and international law, such as foreign sovereign immunity, international human rights litigation, extradition, war powers, and extraterritoriality. As he explains, international law plays an important and sometimes under-appreciated role in the U.S. legal system, but its domestic application is mediated by a variety of structural considerations, including federalism and the separation of powers. This book highlights recent decisions and events relating to the topic (including decisions and events arising out of the war on terrorism), while also taking into account relevant historical materials, including materials relating to the U.S. constitutional founding. The book is designed to be accessible to a wide range of lawyers, judges, law students, and policymakers, both inside and outside the United States.


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