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Moderator: Van Canna
This court has held that a self-defense instruction is not available when the parties are engaging in mutual combat. Mutual combat occurs when both parties enter into the combat willingly or voluntarily; it implies a common intent to fight. It does not matter which party initiated the confrontation when both parties willingly engaged in it.
"A person acts 'intentionally,' or 'with intent,' with respect to the nature of such person's conduct or to a result of such person's conduct when it is such person's conscious objective or desire to engage in the conduct or cause the result."
Will you get a fine or have to pay restitution?
In many cases you'll have to pay both a court fine and restitution to your victim. For serious crimes you may face fines, restitution, and jail time.
Your specific punishment will depend on many different things, including what the law says, the facts in your case, and any plea deal you make.
Keep in mind that being sentenced for a crime, even if your only punishment is a fine and/or restitution, means you have been convicted of that crime.
It becomes part of your criminal record.
You'll have to answer yes anytime you're asked if you've ever been convicted of a crime.
However, if you can get the conviction expunged, it will be removed from your record. Many states allow expungement of some crimes after a period of time.
It's usually a good idea to talk with a lawyer before making a plea in your case.
A criminal attorney in your area can evaluate your case to see if you can avoid a conviction. If not, he or she can negotiate to get you the best deal possible.
In cases of death or serious bodily impairment, the court may order up to 3 times the amount of restitution otherwise allowed.
Codefendants may be held jointly and severally liable for the total amount of restitution.
If one codefendant does not pay, the other codefendant(s) is/are still responsible for the entire amount. Examples of items that are recoverable as restitution:
1. "Buy money" in drug offenses 2. individuals or institutions that have provided services to a victim as a result of the Defendant's conduct 3. Expenses spent by the parents of a minor victim for items such as: child care expenses; income loss; mileage; lorging or housing; meals.
4. Interest on unpaid child support and medical bills. 5. Money paid by an insurance company for a loss claimed by a victim. 6. Psychological counseling 7. Physical and occupational therapy
8. Expenses related to the death of a victim, such as: funeral and related services; lost tax deduction or credit; 9. Attorney's fees incurred to the victim because of the loss, including assisting in the investigation and attending Court hearings.
The Court is required to hold a restitution hearing if there is an actual dispute, properly raised at the sentencing hearing in respect to the type or amount of restitution. Hence, the issue as to the amount of restitution can be waived if the Defendant and/or the Defendant's attorney fail to raise the issue at the time of sentencing.
The Prosecution has the burden to prove the restitution by a preponderance of the evidence to the Court. The Defendant is not entitled for a jury determination concerning restitution.
The rules of evidence do not apply at a restitution hearing, other than a claim of a privilege (for example - attorney client privilege). The Defendant is not required to testify at a restitution hearing, and his or her silence is not a consideration of the Court concerning any issue.
The sentencing Court is allowed to rely on the Presentence Investigation Report, which is presumed to be accurate, unless the Defendant challenges the information in the Report.
The Prosecution must show with some precision the amount of loss if uncharged activity is involved.
Restitution can be ordered from the Defendant's bond or bail if he or she personally paid their bond or bail.
Proceeds for the sale of property forfeited also may be used to satisfy victims.
Restitution must be ordered as a condition of probation or parole.
The Court can order that income withholding or a wage assignment occur in which restitution and other payments are taken directly from the Defendant's paycheck.
Failure to pay restitution can result in a revocation of probation or parole.
An order of restitution remains in effect until it is satisfied in full. It is a judgment and a lien against all property of the Defendant in the amount of the specified restitution. It is not dischargeable in bankruptcy.
If the conviction is set aside, the Defendant is not entitled to a refund for any sums of money paid. Restitution can impact a Defendant far beyond the date of his or her sentencing.
It is important to have legal counsel to preserve the issue of restitution, and try to minimize the amount of restitution ultimately awarded.
Hiring the right criminal defense lawyer may be one of the most important decisions you make for yourself and your family.
There are many lawyers who claim to do more than what they are able - just as there are many surgeons in the world that are no better than butchers. Do not settle for a legal hack job. Practicing law is a skill that develops over time with experience, commitment, dedication, and God given talent.
It is important to have legal counsel to preserve the issue of restitution, and try to minimize the amount of restitution ultimately awarded.
"A Cautionary Tale to All Drivers"
Part 3: Escalation
Ronald Gasser shot former New York Jets running back Joe McKnight in broad daylight at a busy intersection in a suburb of New Orleans on December 1, 2016. After a five mile "tit-for-tat mutual road rage" incident, McKnight exited his vehicle and leaned into Gasser's car.
Gasser fired three shots from his .40 caliber Smith & Wesson pistol, killing McKnight. After eight hours of questioning, investigators released Gasser based on his self-defense claim. However, when witness statements and forensic evidence was found to refute some of Gasser's claims, authorities arrested the 56-year-old on charges of second degree murder.
Defense attorney Matthew Goetz quoted Louisiana law at trial, reminding jurors that it allows for lethal force if an intruder crosses the threshold of a person's home or car. The protections provided by this law disappear, however, when a shooter is the "first aggressor."
After trial, a juror spoke to The New Orleans Advocate under the condition of anonymity. He said that those who initially favored convicting Gasser felt the incident started when Gasser responded aggressively to being cut-off by McKnight. Those initially favoring acquittal felt the confrontation really started when McKnight stepped out of the car at the intersection.
The distinction was important; it meant the difference between an acquittal or a conviction.
Those favoring conviction ultimately won the other jurors over. After the verdict, Gasser's lawyer admitted to reporters that the back-and-forth road rage may have "muddied the waters" when the jury sought to determine who was the first aggressor.
At trial, prosecutors showed jurors video footage compiled from multiple sources showing the two men's vehicles on the road. Witness Jerrod Jones said, "I saw them weaving in and out of traffic. It looked like they were racing and cars were getting in the way."
Another witness said that the jockeying vehicles went "back and forth." It was never in dispute that McKnight cut Gasser off, but no one knows whether that was accidental or intentional. It seems, however, that the jury held Gasser responsible for initiating the five-mile confrontation that ensued.
It didn't help Gasser that the jury was told of a previous road rage incident at the exact same intersection that led to Gasser's arrest in 2006.
It also didn't help Gasser's case when the jury heard video testimony of him recalling how he removed his Smith & Wesson pistol from his gym bag about a mile out from the intersection.
Gasser anticipated the potential for a violent encounter, but instead of rolling up his window and calling 911, he put his pistol in a "ready" position.
McKnight, jurors were told, knew that his boss kept a 9mm pistol in the vehicle he was driving, but McKnight never touched it, and approached Gasser unarmed.
To some on the jury, it may have seemed that Gasser brought a gun to a fist fight.
At the very least, it's clear from Gasser's own mouth that he was the one that introduced a deadly weapon to the encounter -- long before McKnight ever got out of his vehicle.
Don West, veteran criminal defense attorney and national trial counsel for CCW Safe, told us about selecting a jury for a self-defense case where he polled potential jurors about their attitudes regarding guns.
One man proudly professed that he was a gun owner. West asked him if he kept a gun in his car. "Oh no," he said. "I get too pissed at other drivers to trust myself with a gun in my car."
The judge in Gassers case, when she sentenced Gasser to 30 years in prison, said, "Let this be a cautionary tale to all drivers who rage behind the wheel of their car at other drivers."
The lesson for the concealed carrier is that everytime you have an argument, by the very fact that you are carrying a deadly weapon, you open the possibility that the conflict may be resolved with deadly force.
When you take on the responsibility of carrying, you inherit an obligation to avoid unnecessary confrontation.
Not only did Gasser miss multiple opportunities to de-escalate his encounter with McKnight, by pulling out his gun and essentially inviting McKnight to engage, he created a situation where a shooting was practically inevitable.
In the next installment of "The Four Elements of Self-Defense," we will explore how the concept of reasonable fear factored into the legal defense of Ronald Gasser.
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He's "a rock star in a cowboy hat" who "brings the rock to country," as Radio.com's panel of experts describe ACM Entertainer of the Year nominee Jason Aldean. "He pushes boundaries and gets rewarded for it."
Get the latest insight and insider information on Jason's music and career, and find out what led to his nomination, in this installment of Inside the Entertainer of the Year.
Our panel of experts included Marci Braun and Drew Walker of Chicago's US99.5; Dr. Don, Rachael Hunter, and Steve Grunwald of Detroit's 99.5 WYCD; The Boot's Beville Dunkerley; Grady Smith of Entertainment Weekly; and Radio.com's Annie Reuter and Kurt Wolff.
See all Inside the Entertainer of the Year profiles on Radio.com
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Anorexia Nervosa
Binge Eating Disorder
Compulsive Overeating
Daytime, onsite care with evenings offsite or at home
Days are spent with us and nights at home
Blue Cross/Blue Shield
Health Net
United Behavioral Health
U.S. Behavioral Health
Value Options
Insurances accepted change frequently. If you do not see your insurance carrier here, please ask us. Our insurance and financial specialists will provide a free benefits check. Our team will work tirelessly on your behalf to make treatment possible.
About Eating Recovery Center
"If I could pick one thing that Eating Recovery Center taught me, it would definitely be 'fearless.' You gave me the recovery tools to run after my problems, to catch them, and solve the issue. I am able to celebrate my body with kindness and passion. Thank you, Eating Recovery Center for not only saving my life but, for giving me a full life of gratitude. Thank you!"
Sara B.
former Eating Recovery Center patient
"Eating Recovery Center of Washington helped me realize there is life beyond my eating disorder. They reminded me that recovery doesn't have to be perfect. I work hard every day to maintain recovery. It's not easy, but it's worth it."
Megan C.
former Eating Recovery Center Washington patient
The role of nutrition services is very important in the treatment of an eating disorder. Our dietitians work with patients who are often terrified of eating, to help them eat, achieve a balanced pattern of nutrition and reach a healthy weight for optimal recovery.
Marla Scanzello, MS, RD
Director of Dietary Services
At Eating Recovery Center, our treatment philosophy emphasizes thorough assessment, innovative evidence-based interventions and comprehensive discharge planning to support lasting recovery outside of the structured treatment environment.
Jane Miceli, MD
Medical Director of Adult Inpatient and Residential Services
Dedication, caring and wisdom are evident in all aspects of the treatment program at Eating Recovery Center. Our highly-skilled, compassionate staff, combined with our commitment to implementing evidence-based techniques, can pull someone out of the depths of an eating disorder and start them on the road to recovery.
Nadine Dexter, RN, MSN
Chief Nursing Officer
The role of nutrition services is very important in the treatment of an eating disorder. Our dietitians work with patients who are often terrified of eating, to help them eat, achieve a balanced pattern of nutrition and reach a healthy weight for optimal recovery.
If you suspect your child has an eating disorder, trust your instincts—parents often know if something is wrong. Educate yourself through research or talk to medical and mental health professionals, and identify your support system. Don't let your child's eating disorder isolate you, don't dwell on the past and don't lose hope. Identify what you want to work towards for your family, and take committed action toward that end.
Elizabeth Easton, PsyD
Clinical Director of Child and Adolescent Services at Eating Recovery Center
We have worked hard to stop the shaming and blaming of families and have moved toward an understanding that families are an integral part of eating disorders treatment, not only in helping an individual respond well to treatment, but also go onto lasting recovery.
Ovidio Bermudez, MD, FAAP, FSAHM, FAED, F.iaedp, CEDS
Chief Clinical Officer and Medical Director of Child & Adolescent Services
Eating Recovery Center is accredited through the Joint Commission. This organization seeks to enhance the lives of the persons served in healthcare settings through a consultative accreditation process emphasizing quality, value and optimal outcomes of services.
Organizations that earn the Gold Seal of Approval™ have met or exceeded The Joint Commission's rigorous performance standards to obtain this distinctive and internationally recognized accreditation. Learn more about this accreditation here.


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LAS VEGAS – TiVo introduced a new cloud-based networked DVR service here at the consumer electronics show Tuesday, a historic move because its the first time the Alviso company has branched away from its long-held strategy of selling set top boxes.
The Network DVR service TiVo unveiled at the International CES is still only a prototype, and executives say the company is still negotiating with cable services to bring the service to customers.
But TiVo observers have long speculated that the company would make such a move to offer its service without a box, especially in an era when TV viewing in general has become increasingly reliant on streaming and online services.
"It's an extension of our strategies, especially on the operator side," said Jim Denney, vice president of product marketing.
"Realistically, we see a spectrum of ways to interact with our customers. We believe you're still going to have a set top box in many instances, you're going to have a service in other instances and you're going to have people doing iPad only. Our purpose is to create a good cross section of opportunities."
TiVo has been moving toward a network DVR service for some time by adding in-home and out-of-home streaming services to its set top boxes. Last August, the company launched its latest TiVo Roamio service, which among other features includes the ability to stream or move recorded shows to an iPad.
Denney demonstrated a Network DVR service that uses the same TiVo screens and menus, but with features not possible with a set top box with a finite amount of storage space.
One is the ability to cache up to seven days worth of programming from every channel. That would mean, for example, that a network DVR user could view a past news show or TV episode within that week even if they did not intentionally record it. In the demo, programs available under this feature were marked with a TiVo logo inside a cloud icon. TiVo has designed its network DVR to allow a cable operator to offer different tiers of service to allow such features.
The company long held onto its strategy of selling its enhanced TV services with the boxes, although analysts have speculated it could branch further if it became more of a software as a service company. The Network DVR product could move TiVo in that direction without giving up its base of customers who use set top boxes.
But what's unknown still is how many cable operators will sign on to the Network DVR product or how much it will cost customers.
Meanwhile at CES, TiVo has three Las Vegas residents trying to break the Guinness World Record for ultimate binge TV watching. The record for most consecutive hours watching TV was set in 2012 by two men watching "The Simpsons" for 86 hours, 30 minutes, a TiVo spokeswoman said.
Chris Laughlin, Spencer Larson and Dan Jordan are sitting in TiVo's booth here watching recorded episodes of "Almost Human," "Big Bang Theory," "Modern Family" and other recorded shows, only taking five-minute breaks per hour. They passed the 17-hour mark by mid-day, but have to keep watching until 10 a.m. Friday to break the record.


text: In front of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) national headquarters building in Reston, Va., two genetically identical lilac bushes are rooted in the earth. To casual observers, they are fragrant adornments to the landscaped property. But to ecologist Jake Weltzin and geographer John Jones—USGS scientists who study plant and animal life-cycle events—they are "Li" and "Lac," two small but important pieces of a developing climate change indicator system.


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New Music School Dean Starts
An experienced administrator and advocate for the arts came on board July 1 to lead Ithaca College's founding school. Karl Paulnack, who has served since 2002 as director of the music division at the Boston Conservatory, was named dean of the Ithaca College School of Music last February.
The appointment marks a return to Ithaca for Paulnack, who had been on the School of Music faculty from 1986 to 1998 as an associate professor of piano. He created and directed the school's bachelor of music in performance–collaborative emphasis degree program.
"I believe that, now more than ever, holistic, comprehensive, interdisciplinary education, where diverse individual pieces fit together to form a clearly understood whole, is our best hope for the future, and for the future of music," Paulnack said.
"And it is my feeling that Ithaca College is uniquely positioned to model that sort of education in a compelling way. I am deeply honored by the call of this faculty to become their dean, and it is a call I accept with a sense of tremendous expectation, excitement, and commitment."
Paulnack succeeds Greg Woodward, M.M. '78, who left the college in March to become the president of Carthage College in Kenosha, Wisconsin.


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It is time to reach higher heights so I am looking to gain another 200+ Followers over the next few months. Please follow me and I will follow you back. Let's help and support each other in gaining followers & readers!
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By this time of the year, we are more than ready for the tilting of the Earth that heralds the spring equinox and better weather. It's a promise that summer will soon be here…Continue
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I have a blog about free samples, great deals, giveaways, product reviews and more!Please check out my blog and follow me.…Continue
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I would love to increase my readership as well. I am finding it a bit difficult. I do like coming on to the site and reading other blogs. I have found some great blogs. I normally keep track of the blogs that I join and try to comment on them at least once every other week until I just never hear from them. I love having tons of blogs to read and respond too.
i'm a 29 year old mom and wife. I'm wet behind the ears when it comes to this blogging world. so far, i'm enjoying it! ...but i have a lot to learn and a lot of connections to make. would you mind helping me out by subscribing to my blog and other social media apps as well?
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Grilled Ras el Hanout Flank Steak With Moroccan Carrot Salad Recipe
Cooking projects for people who'd like nothing more than to spend a sunday afternoon surrounded by the wonderful aromas of the kitchen.
Note: Ras el hanout, a heady Moroccan spice blend, can also be purchased at ethnic markets and online at Amazon.com.
Read more: Sunday Supper: Grilled Ras el Hanout Flank Steak With Moroccan Carrot Salad
- Yield:serves 4
- Active time: 30 minutes
- Total time:about 4 1/2 hours
- For the Carrot Salad:
- 7 1/2 tablespoons fresh squeezed lemon juice, divided
- 3 tablespoons vegetable oil
- 3/4 teaspoon ground cumin
- 1 teaspoon paprika
- Kosher salt
- 16 ounces carrots (about 7 medium), peeled and sliced into 1/4" coins
- 1/4 cup chopped flat-leaf parsley
- For the Steak:
- 2 pounds flank steak, trimmed
- 1 recipe Homemade Ras El Hanout or 1 tablespoon store-bought ras el hanout
- 1/8 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- Coarse sea salt
Whisk together lemon juice, vegetable oil, ground cumin and paprika. Season to taste with salt. Add a third of this mixture to carrots and parsley. Toss to combine, adjust seasoning with additional salt if needed, and refrigerate carrot salad.
Place flank steak in a resealable plastic bag. Add another third of the vinaigrette, along with 1 tablespoon ras el hanout. Seal bag and squish around to combine. Refrigerate for at least four hours, turning bag occasionally.
Light one chimney full of charcoal. When all the charcoal is lit and covered with gray ash, pour out and arrange the coals on one side of the charcoal grate. Set cooking grate in place, cover grill and allow to preheat for 5 minutes. Alternatively, set half the burners on a gas grill to the highest heat setting, cover, and preheat for 10 minutes. Clean and oil the grilling grate.
While grill is heating, whisk together the remaining third of vinaigrette with ground cinnamon and set aside.
Remove flank steak from the marinade and pat dry with paper towels. (Discard marinade.) Grill, flipping regularly until medium rare (135°F), 8 to 10 minutes total. Allow the flank steak rest, covered with foil, for 5 to 10 minutes. Cut the steak on the bias across the grain. Drizzle meat with reserved vinaigrette and a light shower of coarse salt. Serve with carrot salad.
This Recipe Appears InSunday Supper: Grilled Ras el Hanout Flank Steak With Moroccan Carrot Salad
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There are a lot of things I'll try in fantasy, but there's one plot twist which I would hesitate to touch with a ten-foot sword. That's the protagonist dying.
I'm prepared for this in plays. Some of my favorite Shakespeare plays are the tragedies, where the protagonist's personality and the Fates themselves conspire to bring about the sad inevitability. It works in literary fiction as well. But in more mainstream novels, or speculative fiction? It's much more difficult to pull off there.
Part of the problem is that readers invest their time and emotional energy in a person or that person's struggle, so they hope that person will win and/or be happy in the end. When that person dies or is murdered, it's sad at best and a shock at worst. There are three books I've read which ended with the killing of the main character and which I don't ever want to pick up again – Bernard Taylor's Charmed Life (depressing), Ben Bova's Mercury (very depressing) and Ayn Rand's We the Living (so depressing I wanted to toss the book on the floor and jump up and down on it).
So when does this plot twist work?
1. The main character has accomplished his purpose.
This is usually a peaceful, closure-type ending, e.g. Watership Down. If the character hasn't accomplished what he set out to do, best not to toss him a deathbed consolation prize. If he dreamed of reaching the summit of Mount Everest, and if he's lying on the South Col in the final stages of hypothermia, having him experience an epiphany that yes, he's won just by getting that far is probably not going to work.
2. The main character redeems himself by dying.
My favorite example of this is Bridge on the River Kwai. The main character's death under such circumstances can be very cathartic, especially if there's no other way for him to defeat the antagonist(s) without sacrificing his life.
3. The story doesn't end with the main character's death.
The "It ain't over till it's over" ending, superlatively done in A Song of Ice and Fire. Someone else picks up the banner and the story goes on. Probably the only way a fantasy series can continue after the protagonist falls on his sword - or anyone else's, for that matter.
4. The character's death doesn't go dismissed or unnoticed.
One of the reasons Mercury didn't work for me. The main character, dying of thirst on the titular planet, dictates his last words to the love of his life, who had married another man. She listens to the recording after his body is found, looks at her son (by the other man) and thinks, "Life goes on." Not much of an epitaph for the protagonist.
The other characters don't need to spend the rest of their lives in mourning, but if they never even know about the death(s), the story can come off as very bleak and nihilistic, rather than sadly ironic.
If that sounds cynical on my part, it might be--but I get these vibes from what I believe the show portrayed through its scornful treatment of the characters. Why should we care about them if no one--except possibly those destined to die--learns anything?
Review of Star Trek Voyager: Course: Oblivion
5. The character isn't resurrected – or isn't entirely normal again.
There's one fantasy series which I stopped reading because a main character who died was brought back and seemed fine except for a nightmare or two. If the author does resurrect the character, it shouldn't be the equivalent of pressing a reset button and having everything back to normal. Stephen King's Pet Semetary is a great example of this.
I think that's one reason I play hardcore characters in Diablo II. Once they die, there's no coming back.


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Jimmy Kimmel and Kanye West finally faced off on last night's Jimmy Kimmel Live, and the results were pretty friendly. Turns out that West and Kimmel had met and talked several times before Kimmel offended West with a skit, and the two had even tried to talk things out before engaging in that epic Twitter battle. And while tweets like West's "JIMMY KIMMEL PUT YOURSELF IN MY SHOES… OH NO THAT MEANS YOU WOULD HAVE GOTTEN TOO MUCH GOOD PUSSY IN YOUR LIFE…" could be read as West really taking Kimmel to school, West said he was laughing while he wrote them, likening the pair's falling out to a high school disagreement.
While the interview was tense at points, especially in the beginning, Kimmel gave West plenty of room to speak his mind. And so he did, starting somewhat reticently, but ultimately warming up to the chat as Kimmel asked West to explain why he feels justified in proclaiming himself a genius. West rather lucidly explained that his mother raised him to believe in himself, and that if he were to hedge and say he's not a genius, he'd be lying to himself and everyone else.
The whole interview is pasted below, and it's well worth watching, especially if you're interested in West's thoughts on how being a celebrity is like being in a "zoo," or even if you just want to hear about Kim Kardashian's struggle to get a star on the Hollywood Walk Of Fame. West also delves pretty deeply into his ongoing struggle to break into the high-end fashion world, which remains its own uphill battle.


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Contact Us
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Showing 1–7 of 7 results.
The video "The Day of the Dead," available on YouTube (3:49), offers a good overview of the Mexican celebration for the "Day of the Dead" activity on day 4.
The video "C4: Ignite Your Catholic Faith—What Are the Marks of the Church?" is available on YouTube (3:32), and is used for the "On Your Marks" activity on day 1.
The video "Introduction to the Liturgy of the Eucharist," by dioceseofstpete, available on YouTube (1:50), offers an overview of material presented in the Handbook. It is especially helpful for day 1, but would be effective on any day.
The video "Precepts of the Church," by Saint Mary's Press, available on YouTube (0:51), is an option for day 4.
A short video on the universal mission of the Church.
A documentary that provides: 1) A theological basis for the Eucharist, 2) An explanation of precisely what transpires during the Eucharist, 3) The process by which the bread of the Eucharist is created and 4) An instance of a Eucharistic miracle.
This documentary discusses conceptions of the afterlife and explains the historical basis for and characteristics of heaven, hell, and purgatory.


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Microbe Magazine
Cover Image
Cover: Colorized scanning electron micrograph of a scattered grouping of Legionella pneumophila bacteria. L. pneumophila makes use of proteasomemediated protein degradation to obtain amino acids and energy for growth (see p. 506). (CDC image/Janice Haney Carr.)
Microbe Magazine, Cover Image
Cover ImageVaccines are crucial for controlling the spread of influenza, but currently are only effective against a limited mix of strains. A universal vaccine remains elusive, but progress is being made (see p. 433). (Image © James King-Holmes/ Science Source.)
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Started this discussion. Last reply by Mark / The Mayor May 1, 2010. 1 Reply 0 Likes
Hey,I'm a 'seasoned' player (3.5 - 4.0). I'd like to get out and hit to get some work in prior to the mixed season. In the Alpharetta area.PJ (Patrick) Continue
Started this discussion. Last reply by Mark / The Mayor May 1, 2010. 1 Reply 0 Likes
Hi,I'm in the Alpharetta area, 3.5 (guy) looking to hit. I'm close to Webb Br. Park. I'm coming off a shoulder injury and am anxious to get out there. I can play during the day. pjContinue
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Tomorrow marks the 30th anniversary of Return of the Jedi, the third and (for awhile) final chapter in the Star Wars saga. It also was, arguably, the weakest of the chapters until the 1999 release of Episode 1: The Phantom Menace. We'll put aside that abomination and focus instead on Jedi, a more elegant film for a more civilized age.
Everyone knows the plot of Return and all the big set pieces it contains (Jabba's palace! A new Death Star! Ewoks Ewoks Ewoks! OK, forget that last one.), but in celebration of a movie that defined so many childhoods, here are 30 things that you might not know about Return of the Jedi.
1. Most Star Wars fans know that the movie was filmed under the title Blue Harvest: Horror Beyond Imagination to avoid publicity, but it's less-known that the bogus title was a play on Dashiell Hammet's 1929 novel Red Harvest, which was said to be an influence for Akira Kurosawa's Yojimbo, which was cited as an influence for Star Wars. See how it all comes together?
2. Despite the credits, Richard Marquand may not have directed all of the movie; George Lucas directed some footage, and Empire Strikes Back director Irvin Kershner once hinted that Marquand's assistant directed footage credited to Marquand, due to Marquand's poor relationship with the actors.
3. Speaking of connections to classic movies, Emperor Palpatine, making his first appearance in the flesh – he was just bits and bytes in that hologram in Empire, and was portrayed by a different actor – was at first named after a character in Taxi Driver, but his name was changed to avoid potential legal issues.
4. And speaking of Marquand, he wasn't the first choice for Jedi. Or the second, or even third. Stephen Spielberg, David Cronenberg and David Lynch were ahead of him in line. Just imagine, for a second, Cronenberg or, better, Lynch making a movie with Ewoks.
5. The Ewoks occasionally speak Tagalog, although most of their dialogue is loosely inspired by Kalmuck, a language spoken in Mongolia. One of the Ewok songs once was believed to be in Swedish — with the lyrics translating, wonderfully, as "It smells of cereal in here" — but that, sadly, was based upon people mishearing the gibberish the oversized rodents were singing.
6. The word "Ewok" is never actually said in Return of The Jedi, and neither were the names of individual Ewoks, although both appear in the end credits.
7. "Ewok" is derived from the Native American tribe the Miwok, indigenous to the Northern California redwood forests in which the Endor scenes were shot.
8. "Endor" comes from the Bible and is a village visited by King Saul before his final battle with the Philistines. Oddly enough, it also makes an appearance in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of The Rings, as the Elvish name for Middle-Earth.
9. Ewoks were a late addition to the Star Wars mythology. Their part in the story was to be played by the Wookiees, but by the time Lucas and partners sat down to write Return of The Jedi, they realized that, because Chewbacca could fly the Millennium Falcon, repair the ship and operate pretty much any weapon or machine in the known universe, they'd made the Wookiees too technologically advanced for the plot.
10. In what is either amazing planning or, more likely, complete coincidence, the one word C3PO says to the Ewoks is "Naboo," which was later revealed in The Phantom Menace to be the home world of Luke and Leia's mother – and Anakin Skywalker's wife – Queen Amidala.
11. The lyrics to the song the Ewoks perform at the end of the movie – the words everyone heard as "yub nub" – were written by none other than Joseph Williams, son of Star Wars composer John and lead singer with Toto. Someone, somewhere: Please make a mash-up of this song and Toto's "Africa" as soon as possible.
12. When scenes of post-victory celebrations around the galaxy were added to the 1997 Special Edition re-release, it was less a case of George Lucas tampering and more a case of fixing something that was missing from the original version of the movie. Lucas and co-writer Lawrence Kasdan had wanted to show Coruscant celebrating the end of the Empire originally but, unable to come up with a name for the city, dropped the idea entirely. It was only after Timothy Zahn came up with the name in his Heir to The Empire novel that the Imperial Capital had a name.
13. Both lightsabers used in the movie were re-purposed props from earlier movies. Darth Vader's lightsaber was a Luke Skywalker saber from The Empire Strikes Back because all of Vader's had mysteriously disappeared between movies. Luke's new saber was originally one of Obi-Wan Kenobi's from the original Star Wars movie.
14. Yoda was to sit this one out, but he was added after consultation with child psychologists made George Lucas decide he needed an independent character to confirm Darth Vader's claim that he is Luke Skywalker's father. Now you know why Yoda doesn't do much for the rest of the movie.
15. In the radio adaptation of the movie, broadcast on NPR in 1996, Yoda was played by John Lithgow. Just think about that for a minute.
16. The reasoning behind the switch from the title Revenge of The Jedi to Return of The Jedi is murky, with various motivations given by various people at various times. One story has it that the switch returned the movie to its original title after Lucas temporarily changed it when Kasdan complained "Return" was "too weak." Another has it that the change was made to differentiate the movie from the second Star Trek movie, which filmed under the title The Vengeance of Khan (Vengeance later became Wrath because of Revenge of The Jedi, according to those involved with the Trek production). The third story, which is my favorite, says Revenge was never the movie's title at all, but Lucas announced that it was purely to mess with those making counterfeit merchandise.
17. The only cast member to shoot new material for the 1997 re-release was Femi Taylor. Whattya mean you don't recognize the name? And you call yourself a fan? She played Oola, the slave girl fed to the Rancor in Jabba's palace. According to rumors, she was recommended to Lucasfilm and ILM for reshoots because she was in better shape than she had been 15 years earlier; her scenes in the Special Edition are a mix of new and original footage.
18. Carrie Fisher's infamous "slave girl" outfit was, reportedly, a stylistic response to her alleged complaints that the outfits she wore in the first two Star Wars movies made disguised the fact the she was a woman.
19. Adding to the Star Wars movies' accidental misogyny, the few women flying spacecraft for the Rebellion were edited out of Return for unknown reasons. Surely women are no less capable of bulls-eying womp rats in a T-16...
20. However, Return of The Jedi does hold the dubious honor of being the first Star Wars movie to feature more than one woman who was more than a background extra. Take a bow, Mon Motha. You broke new ground in a way that is genuinely embarrassing to admit. (Seriously, Princess Leia is the only named female character in the first two Star Wars movies.)
21. The voice of Boushh, Princess Leia's bounty hunter disguise in Jabba's Palace, is provided by Pat Welsh. Welsh's only other voiceover work is a biggie: She was the voice of E.T. in 1982's E.T. The Extra Terrestrial.
22. The shots of Darth Vader's funeral pyre were shot last minute, long after the end of initial filming, and close to Lucas' home Skywalker Ranch.
23. David Prowse, the unusually tall actor who played Darth Vader throughout the series, didn't film any of the lightsaber battle sequences for Return of The Jedi. Instead, he was replaced by stuntman Bob Anderson. Anderson, considerably shorter than Prowse, wore platform boots. Somewhere, Gene Simmons just smiled.
24. "It's a trap," which is arguably the most famous line in the movie, was, incredibly, not in the screenplay. The line was scripted as "Its a trick!" and was later changed post-filming after a test screening because, let's face it, "it's a trick" just doesn't have the same ring to it.
25. During the writing of the film, Mark Hamill speculated that the film would include Luke Skywalker's turn to the Dark Side and eventual redemption, but it's unclear whether this was wishful thinking on his part or a plot point that was genuinely considered.
26. An early version of the movie was to end with Luke walking off alone, leaving his friends behind in true gunfighter/Samurai fashion. That idea was dropped in favor of a happier ending, reportedly because Lucas feared a downbeat ending would throw a wrench in the printing press from which truckloads of merchandising money flowed.
27. Harrison Ford wanted Han Solo to die in the movie, sacrificing himself to save his friends. George Lucas vetoed that idea even though co-writer Lawrence Kasdan supported it. Kasdan suggested that Solo not survive being thawed, in part to make the audience believe no one was safe in the final film.
28. Another idea abandoned early on was having Obi-Wan Kenobi return from the dead. It did, however, make it into an early draft of the script.
29. One more abandoned idea: There were rumors that the final scenes were to mirror the ceremony of Star Wars' finale, but instead of Luke, Han and Chewie getting medals, we'd witness the marriage of Han and Leia. Although this never happened, their marriage became part of Star Wars canon and serves as a basis for developments in the comic book and novel spin-offs.
30. The arms holding the lightsaber in the poster for Return of The Jedi aren't Mark Hamill's, as most assume. Those are Lucas's guns holding the weapon.


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The great Robert Lipsyte has a story in today's New York Times remembering the Mets' first spring training, in 1962. Those Mets, as strange as it is to comprehend, were far more hapless than modern iterations—they went 40-120 and inspired a book called Can't Anybody Here Play This Game?—and as such yielded great stories, even in the spring.
Lipsyte brings us stories of Rodgers Hornsby, hitting and life coach:
By night, when I wasn't at Stengel's elbow, I'd be in the hotel lobby with Hornsby. Lobby sitting was his hobby, according to The Baseball Register. Sitting tall, his double-breasted suit open to starched white shirt and tie, his icy little eyes, supposedly the sharpest in the game, missing nothing. He'd see two young women trolling the lobby and mutter to the players around us, "Try not to go for bad balls."
He was a font of personal advice couched in ballspeak. He was big on getting a good night's sleep. "If I don't get the pitch I want between 7 p.m. and midnight," he would say, "forget it. I'll always get another chance to go to bat."
We get Casey Stengel stories:
Once, while I was talking to Stengel, a middle-aged man approached, dragging a sullen teenager. This was clearly a troubled son and dad. The man claimed to have played for Stengel years ago in the minors. Stengel took his time, regaled them with tales of the father's prowess and promised the kid a Mets contract if he got as good as his old man. As they left with arms around each other, Stengel rolled his eyes at me and shrugged. He had no memory of the man.
There are also many stories about skinny-tie-wearing ad men who hung around the team, offering players a pittance to shill for various now-apocryphal products—Viceroy Cigarettes, Bromo-Seltzer—and these stories are more interesting and evocative than the ones you find on that TV show with the dude who's always on SNL.
Plus, Stengel paraded his two worst rookies before the media and anointed them the faces of the franchise a few days before they were cut. Which is to say: LOLMets has a long, storied history.


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COLORADO SPRINGS (AP) Amber Cote has seen corporate book drives pull in 100 to 500 books for Success by 6, the early childhood initiative she heads through Pikes Peak United Way.
So imagine her shock when 2,778 books arrived at the steps of the Early Connections Learning Center office on Rio Grande Street, the result of a book drive conducted by a 10-year-old student at High Plains Elementary School.
This is mind-blowing, Cote said as the boxes of books that Ken Culp collected were unloaded from his mothers car.
Ken calmly took in the accolades flying around him as he explained how he came up with the idea to collect the books. Hes a fifth-grader in the talented and gifted program, and was told to find a problem in the community and solve it.
With help from mom Andrea, who knows Cote through her volunteer work with United Way, Ken zeroed in on a book drive.
The problem in the community is that some kids dont have money to buy books, said Ken, speaking with the poise of someone well beyond his years. Some kids cant read.
Before Thanksgiving, he coordinated with the schools teachers to distribute fliers to his schoolmates.
Im amazed, his mother said. I had no idea that wed have the results we did.
Success by 6 promotes early literacy and learning. The books that Ken donated will go to the 500 or so children in the Early Connections Learning Centers programs, which serve low-income families.
Adults praised Kens sense of selflessness at a time when I want is a common refrain.
Its just amazing that during the holiday season when most kids his age are concentrating on what theyll receive for Christmas, this young man was centered on what he could do to help other children learn to read, said United Way spokeswoman Vicki Dimond.
The experience has Ken considering a career in philanthropy.
If I can make this much progress when Im 10, I wonder how much I can do when Im pretty old, he said.


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New York Pension Fund Sues Qualcomm Over Political Spending Records
The New York State Common Retirement Fund has filed a lawsuit against chipmaker Qualcomm Inc. for the right to inspect the company's books and records for political spending, New York State Comptroller Thomas P. DiNapoli said Thursday.
The public pension fund, Mr. DiNapoli said, has taken a leading role in pressing for disclosures of political spending since the U.S. Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United decision, which struck down limits on corporate spending in elections. The fund holds assets in trust of more than one million employees and retirees of state government, most local governments and some public authorities.


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"US Scientist Caught Spying For 'Israel'"
What Giant Smokescreen!
Does it mean that the traditional, well-established channels for the transfer of state secrets to Israel no longer function?
- Does the FBI monitor the telephone conversations of people like Joe Lieberman, Rahm Israel Emanuel … ? If NOT, WHY NOT?
- Are the people supposed to presume that AIPAC and the dozens of similar organizations no longer 'share' information with Israel?
- Are the Right-Wing Rabbis presumed to be safe for confiding state secrets to?
- How about Israel-First CEO's and top executives of arms manufacturers and multinational corporations that monitor/control the flow of electronic information in the US and EU?
Another Israel-First US Scientist Caught Spying For "Israel"
Stewart David Nozette, 52, an Israel-loving scientist who worked for the Defense Department, was arrested Monday on charges of attempted spying. He tried to pass on classified information to an FBI agent posing as an Israeli intelligence officer, AP reported.
Mr Nozette was contacted in September 2009 by an undercover FBI agent posing as an Israeli intelligence officer, whom he reportedly assured to provide classified information "in exchange for an Israeli passport."
The scientist is reported to have provided information "classified as both 'top secret' and 'secret' that concerned US satellites, early warning systems, means of defense or retaliation against large-scale attack, communications intelligence information, and major elements of defense strategy", the justice department said.
"From 1989 through 2006, Nozette held security clearances as high as 'top secret' and had regular, frequent access to classified information and documents related to the US national defense."
… in January of this year, Nozette allegedly traveled to another foreign country with two computer thumb drives and did not return with them. Prosecutors also quote an unnamed colleague of Nozette who said the scientist told him that if the U.S. government ever tried to put him in jail for an unrelated criminal offense, he would go to another foreign country and "tell them everything" he knows.
"The conduct alleged in this complaint is serious and should serve as a warning to anyone who would consider compromising our nation's secrets for profit," said US Assistant Attorney General David Kris.
Mr Nozette, who is believed to be of Jewish faith, will appear in court in Washington on Tuesday, facing a maximum sentence of life in prison if convicted.
The FBI affidavit gave the following sequence of events:
_Sept. 4. Nozette and the agent met again in the same hotel. The scientist allegedly said that while he no longer had legal access to any classified information at a U.S. government facility, he could, nonetheless, recall classified information by memory. Nozette allegedly asked when he could expect to receive his first payment, saying he preferred cash amounts "under ten thousand" so he didn't have to report it.
Nozette allegedly told the agent, "Well, I should tell you my first need is that they should figure out how to pay me … they don't expect me to do this for free."
_Sept. 10. Undercover FBI agents left a letter in the designated post office box, asking Nozette to answer a list of questions about U.S. satellite information. The agents provided a $2,000 cash payment. Serial numbers of the bills were recorded.
_Sept. 16. Nozette was captured on videotape leaving a manila envelope in the post office box. The next day, agents retrieved the sealed envelope and found, among other things, a one-page document containing answers to the questions and an encrypted computer thumb drive.
One answer contained information classified as secret, which concerned capabilities of a prototype overhead collection system. Nozette allegedly offered to reveal additional classified information that directly concerned nuclear weaponry, military spacecraft or satellites, and other major weapons systems.
_Sept. 17. Agents left a second letter in the post office box with another list of questions about U.S. satellite information. The FBI also left a cash payment of $9,000. Nozette allegedly retrieved the questions and the money the same day.
_Oct. 1. Nozette was videotaped leaving a manila envelope in the post office box. FBI agents retrieved it and found a second set of answers. The responses contained information classified as both top secret and secret, on U.S. satellites, early warning systems, means of defense or retaliation against large-scale attack, communications intelligence information, and major elements of defense strategy.
It has also been reported that "Nozette performed some of this research and development at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency in Arlington, Va., and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md."
In 2006, NASA's Office of Inspector General subpoenaed a bank account of Nozette's firm, Alliance For Competitive Technology Inc. Nozette went to federal court to fight the subpoena.
The IG investigated reports that Nozette's firm had submitted false claims for expenses.
Nozette's motion to quash the subpoena was rejected by a federal judge; however, the court records provide no further information as to what happened afterward.
From Stewart Nozette NASA Page:
Mini-RF Principal Investigator (on Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter) and Co-investigator (on Chandrayaan-1).
Where did you grow up? Where do you live now? I grew up in Chicago, Illinois (West Rogers Park), and currently live in Chevy Chase, Maryland.
How did you get interested in space exploration? I was born in 1957, the year of Sputnik, grew up during the Apollo years, and always had an interest in space exploration and strong science aptitude. The works of Gerard K. O'Neill, which appeared during my high school years in the early 1970s, encouraged my consideration of space exploration as a career. Up until that time I was planning to go to medical school. I was strongly encouraged by many influential people during my undergraduate years and finally closed off my medical option during my sophomore year, much to the benefit of my future patients (many people have told me).
What is your educational background? I have a B.S. in geosciences with honors and distinction from the University of Arizona (1979), and a Ph.D. in planetary science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1983).
What are your hobbies? I used to fly and scuba dive when I was younger but have not been as active recently. Now I enjoy cooking and listening to The Grateful Dead Channel on Sirius satellite radio.
What's your job on Mini-RF? I am the principal investigator/co-investigator, so I act to oversee and document the scientific aspects of the program and translate these requirements into specific actions for the engineers and operators.
What has been the most exciting aspect of working on Mini-RF? Seeing it come to fruition after many years of thought and work. I conceived the idea of Mini-RF in 1994 while working as the deputy program manager and chief scientist of the Clementine mission, so returning to the moon with this capability is very satisfying.
What are you looking forward to the most as Mini-RF begins its lunar exploration? Finally seeing what's at the bottom of the permanently shadowed polar craters.
What excites you about exploring the moon? The possibility that Mini-RF will provide the data that establishes whether extractable water exists on the moon and the importance of that information to the feasibility of humans eventually settling on the moon permanently.
What advice would you give to someone who wants to get involved in space exploration [or the transfer of state secrets to Israel?] The most important thing is to get a very good grounding in fundamental math, basic and applied science, and engineering. Some exposure to business, management and economics would also be valuable. Then finding a career path with helpful mentors who can get you involved in real projects once you are sufficiently grounded.
Count one hole for every Israel-first "scientist," engineer, administrator, employee… and you'll see why the US defense system looks like a torn fishing net.
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Oh no... I am in so much trouble ! MC You got my back right ! lol.
Thanks for the link to Oscar's Cases. Speaking of cases, does anyone know how to get a hold of those small acrylic cases for loose Kubricks I've seen on eBay?
Both are are a November release but the Speeder Bike was only a Japanese online thingy again so hopefully we will see him on the bay.
Anyone else think the Gam. Guard is a lot less 'kubricky' than it should be?
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Merk Funds president and CIO Axel Merk is certainly qualified to make sense of the Cypriot mess, and he attempts to do just that in his latest commentary. Specifically, he wonders why gold isn't going through the roof as a hedge against all that ails the island nation, and by extension Europe itself.
"Had those with money tied up in the Cypriot banking system owned gold instead, they might have been able to watch the unfolding crisis relaxing on the beach," Merk (left) writes, before positing, "So why isn't gold going through the roof? Is Cyprus too small to matter? Can it happen in the U.S.? Should investors hold gold?"
First, be aware that bank failures do happen, he notes, in Cyprus and the United States alike.
"A bank deposit is nothing but a loan to the bank. To the extent that these deposits are guaranteed, the creditworthiness of the guarantor should be considered. In Cyprus, the government guaranteed deposits up to 100,000 euros [about $128,500]; in the U.S., the FDIC guarantees deposits up to $250,000."
He adds that in the United Sates, unlike in Cyprus, there is a well-defined process to seize and unwind insolvent banks. Crises will happen, but they are less stressful when sound institutional processes are in place. The other key difference is that U.S. banks have generally rebuilt their balance sheets, whereas some European banks have dragged their feet, hiding behind national regulators.
"To deal with excessive debt loads, the Eurozone imposes a mix of austerity and restructuring; restructuring is a fancy word for defaulting on one's obligations. When deposits are lost, depositors get to experience financial repression rather directly."
In the Unites States, in contrast, financial repression is exerted less explicitly by imposing negative real interest rates on savers.
Addressing Mohamed El-Erian's argument that savers don't revolt, thus making them an easy target, he noted that El-Erian, at a recent speech at Stanford University, also appeared to suggest the United Sates will heal if the Federal Reserve only "buys enough time."
"We don't believe buying time will prompt our policymakers to get their act together," Merk counters. He then turns back to the question of gold, and why prices are not rising, by addressing conventional wisdom:
The Eurozone banking crisis is contained. "As fear flares up that those holding large deposits in Italian banks might be at risk, such contagion might flare up, potentially propelling gold higher. However, keep in mind that unlike Russian money that had few other places to go (few banks welcome Russian money these days), Italian savers have long had the opportunity to move money abroad. Italian banks have taken actions to bolster their balance sheets. Having said that, given the slow-motion drama on display in Cyprus, markets are likely to remain nervous."
Interest rates may rise. "One reason why gold has been trending sideways for a considerable period now is that investors might expect the Federal Reserve to embark on its "exit"; the argument is that as the economy grows, negative real rates might turn into positive ones, thus yielding more than gold. We agree that should the world embark on a major tightening cycle, it may spell bad news for the price of gold."
There is no inflation. "Depending on the metric one looks at, inflation expectations are reasonably well 'contained,' although such inflation expectations inched when the Fed decided to embrace an unemployment target. However, the only person for whom the average cost of living might have been declining just about each year over the past decade is a person living on their personal gold standard. Personally, I hold about half of my non-real-estate investments in gold."
Japan. "Japan's finance minister wants to borrow from the toolbox of the Great Depression in pursuing fiscal policy. The Bank of Japan wants to achieve a 2% inflation rate within two years and is about to announce concrete steps to get it there. With a debt-to-GDP ratio exceeding 200%, we don't see how the bond market can support a 2% inflation rate.
United Kingdom. "The United Kingdom is paving the way for incoming Bank of England (and outgoing Bank of Canada) Governor Carney to increase the BoE's inflation target or to engage in nominal GDP targeting. The UK already suffers from stagflation; again, upcoming BoE's policy may well have a bigger impact on the price of gold than a typical day in the Eurozone where Italian savers grind their teeth."
United States. "In our assessment, without meaningful entitlement reform, the U.S. will go bankrupt. We are actually optimistic that entitlement reform will come; however, we don't think it will come before the bond market pressures policymakers into action."
Read Inflation Boogeyman Will Strike Suddenly—Be Prepared: Merk, Goolgasian on AdvisorOne.


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Designed by our in-house team at Hem, Palo is the sofa concept that evolves with you.
Thanks to an innovative frame featuring removable struts, its components can be easily added, removed or rearranged as your living circumstances change. Available in three different colours, with cushions and armrests that feature 70% virgin wool upholstery and are compatible across the whole series, Palo allows you to mix and match as much as you like. Start with the ottoman and add pieces as and when you require them. ×
Hem Design Studio
Hem is a Stockholm-based independent design brand creating a new generation of sustainable furniture, accessories and lighting. Together with vanguard designers and renowned European manufacturers, Hem crafts iconic products for homes and workplaces all around the world.
Hem's primary store is hem.com and we ship directly from our inventories in Europe and the US. Hem works in close proximity with architects and designers, and offers trade pricing and terms to design professionals through our dedicated Hem Pro service.


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|Web Reg Available to:
Resident: 12/10/2019 @ 8:30A - 04/02/2020 @ 12:00A
Non-Resident: 12/24/2019 @ 8:30A - 04/02/2020 @ 12:00A
|7 years to 10 years
|Potential Fees:
Community/Rec Center Fees Fees: $120.00 (Required)
Applicable discounts not applied and Taxes included in price.
Become Aventura's next mad scientist! Children will explore the world of science through silly games and experiments.
A $25 supply fee is due to the instructor first day of class.
Ages: 5-10 (Classes are divided by grade levels)
Household credits and refunds are considered when an activity or program is cancelled by the City of Aventura or in the case of medical emergency accompanied by appropriate documentation that can be verified.
All refunds and credits take approximately 6 weeks to process from the date of request. No refund or credit requests will be considered after a program has concluded.
This class is held on Fridays.
A $25 supply fee is due to the instructor first day of class.


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(By Delegate Rodighiero)
[Introduced January 11, 2012
; referred to the
Committee on Energy, Industry and Labor, Economic Development and Small Business then Finance.]
A BILL to amend and reenact §21-5C-3 of the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, relating to minimum wage and maximum hours standards for employers.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:
That §21-5C-3 of the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, be amended and reenacted to read as follows:
§21-5C-3. Maximum hours; overtime compensation.
(a) On and after July 1, 1980, no employer shall employ any of his or her employees for a workweek longer than forty hours, unless such employee receives compensation for his or her employment in excess of the hours above specified at a rate of not less than one and one-half times the regular rate at which he or she is employed. When an employee is required to work on a state recognized holiday, that employee shall be paid at a rate of not less than one and one-half times the regular rate at which he or she is employed irregardless if that shift is in excess of a forty-hour workweek.
(b) As used in this section the "regular rate" at which an employee is employed shall be deemed to include all remuneration for employment paid to, or on behalf of, the employee, but shall not be deemed to include:
(1) Sums paid as gifts; payments in the nature of gifts made at Christmas time or on other special occasions, as a reward for service, the amounts of which are not measured by or dependent on hours worked, production, or efficiency;
(2) Payments made for occasional periods when no work is performed due to vacation, holiday, illness, failure of the employer to provide sufficient work, or other similar cause; reasonable payments for traveling expenses, or other expenses, incurred by an employee in the furtherance of his or her employer's interests and properly reimbursable by the employer, and other similar payments to an employee which are not made as compensation for his or her hours of employment;
(3) Sums paid in recognition of services performed during a given period if either: (a) Both the fact that payment is to be made and the amount of the payment are determined at the sole discretion of the employer at or near the end of the period and not pursuant to any prior contract, agreement or promise causing the employee to expect such payments regularly; or (b) the payments are made pursuant to a bona fide profit-sharing plan or trust or bona fide thrift or savings plan, meeting the requirements of the commissioner set forth in appropriate regulation which he or she shall issue, having due regard among other relevant factors, to the extent to which the amounts paid to the employee are determined without regard to hours of work, production or efficiency; or (c) the payments are talent fees (as such talent fees are defined and delimited by regulations of the commissioner) paid to performers, including announcers, on radio and television programs;
(4) Contributions irrevocably made by an employer to a trustee or third person pursuant to a bona fide plan for providing old-age, retirement, life, accident, or health insurance or similar benefits for employees;
(5) Extra compensation provided by a premium rate paid for certain hours worked by the employee in any day or workweek because such hours are hours worked in excess of eight in a day or in excess of the maximum workweek applicable to such employee under subsection (a) or in excess of the employee's normal working hours or regular working hours, as the case may be;
(6) Extra compensation provided by a premium rate paid for work by the employee on Saturdays, Sundays, holidays or regular days of rest, or on the sixth or seventh day of the workweek, where such premium rate is not less than one and one-half times the rate established in good faith for like work performed in nonovertime hours on other days; or
(7) Extra compensation provided by a premium rate paid to the employee, in pursuance of an applicable employment contract or collective bargaining agreement, for work outside of the hours established in good faith by the contract or agreement as the basic, normal or regular workweek where such premium rate is not less than one and one-half times the rate established in good faith by the contract or agreement for like work performed during such workweek.
(c) No employer shall be deemed to have violated subsection (a) by employing any employee for a workweek in excess of the maximum workweek applicable to such employee under subsection (a) if such employee is employed pursuant to a bona fide individual contract, or pursuant to an agreement made as a result of collective bargaining by representatives of employees, if the duties of such employee necessitate irregular hours of work, and the contract or agreement: (1) Specifies a regular rate of pay of not less than the minimum hourly rate provided in section two and compensation at not less than one and one-half times such rate for all hours worked in excess of such maximum workweek; and (2) provides a weekly guaranty of pay for not more than sixty hours based on the rates so specified.
(d) No employer shall be deemed to have violated subsection (a) by employing any employee for a workweek in excess of the maximum workweek applicable to such employee under such subsection if, pursuant to an agreement or understanding arrived at between the employer and the employee before performance of the work, the amount paid to the employee for the number of hours worked by him or her in such workweek in excess of the maximum workweek applicable to such employee under such subsection:
(1) In the case of an employee employed at piece rates, is computed at piece rates not less than one and one-half times the bona fide piece rates applicable to the same work when performed during nonovertime hours; or
(2) In the case of an employee performing two or more kinds of work for which different hourly or piece rates have been established, is computed at rates not less than one and one-half times such bona fide rates applicable to the same work when performed during nonovertime hours; or
(3) Is computed at a rate not less than one and one-half times the rate established by such agreement or understanding as the basic rate to be used in computing overtime compensation thereunder: Provided, That the rate so established shall be authorized by regulation by the commissioner as being substantially equivalent to the average hourly earnings of the employee, exclusive of overtime premiums, in the particular work over a representative period of time; and if (i) the employee's average hourly earnings for the workweek exclusive of payments described in subdivisions (1) through (7) of subsection (b) are not less than the minimum hourly rate required by applicable law, and (ii) extra overtime compensation is properly computed and paid on other forms of additional pay required to be included in computing the regular rate.
(e) Extra compensation paid as described in subdivisions (5), (6) and (7) of subsection (b) shall be creditable toward overtime compensation payable pursuant to this section.
(f) (1) Employees of county and municipal governments may receive, in accordance with this subsection and in lieu of overtime compensation, compensatory time off at a rate not less than one and one-half hours for each hour of employment for which overtime is required pursuant to this section.
(2) County and municipal governments may provide compensatory time under subdivision (1) of this subsection, only pursuant to a written agreement arrived at between the employer and employee before the performance of the work, and recorded in the employer's record of hours worked, and if the employee has not accrued compensatory time in excess of the limit prescribed in subdivision (3) of this subsection. Any written agreement may be modified at the request of either the employer or the employee, but under no circumstances shall changes in the agreement deny an employee compensatory time heretofore acquired.
(3) An employee may accrue up to four hundred eighty hours of compensatory time if the employee's work is a public safety activity, an emergency response activity or a seasonal activity. An employee engaged in other work for a county or municipal government may accrue up to two hundred forty hours of compensatory time. Any such employee who has accrued four hundred eighty or two hundred forty hours of compensatory time, as the case may be, shall for additional overtime hours of work, be paid overtime compensation. If compensation is paid to an employee for accrued compensatory time off, such compensation shall be paid at the regular rate earned by the employee at the time the employee receives such payment.
(4) An employee who has accrued compensatory time off authorized to be provided under subdivision (1) of this subsection shall, upon termination of employment, be paid for the unused compensatory time at a rate of compensation not less than:
(A) The average regular rate received by such employee during the last three years of the employee's employment; or
(B) The final regular rate received by such employee, whichever is higher.
(5) An employee of a county or municipal government:
(A) Who has accrued compensatory time off authorized to be provided under subdivision (1) of this subsection; and
(B) Who has requested the use of such compensatory time, shall be permitted by the employee's employer to use such time within a reasonable time after making the request if the use of the compensatory time does not unduly disrupt the operation of the public agency. Compensatory time must be used within one year from the time it was acquired.
(6) For purposes of this subsection the terms "compensatory time" and "compensatory time off" mean hours during which an employee is not working, which are not counted as hours worked during the applicable workweek or other work period for purposes of overtime compensation, and for which the employee is compensated at the employee's regular rate.
NOTE: The purpose of this bill is to provide overtime pay for all employees who are required to work holidays regardless if the holiday hours are in excess of a forty-hour workweek.
Strike-throughs indicate language that would be stricken from the present law, and underscoring indicates new language that would be added.


text:
Microsoft Spoofs Google's Invasiveness With 'Gmail Man' Ad [VIDEO]
As Gmail users know, the Google webmail service tracks every word you type and read, and then uses the information they gather in targeted advertisements — making for sometimes useful and sometimes eerie invasions of privacy.
The folks at Microsoft had some fun with their rival's snooping in this video spoof about a "Gmail Man" — a flesh-and-blood mailman who opens and reads your letters before he delivers them.
Check out the tongue-in-cheek attack below:
[via Asylum UK]


text:
Tunnel vision? Terrace plan would deep-six JPA
The view across Jefferson Park Avenue from UVA's New Cabell Hall is hardly postcard quality. A cluster of scraggly trees does little to soften the 250-space parking lot whose degrading asphalt grows closer to gravel by the day, and the infamous carry-your-own-flag crosswalk that people use to cross JPA has nearly claimed the lives of several pedestrians in recent months. Not much of a sight, to be sure.
University Architect Samuel A. "Pete" Anderson III, however, looks across Jefferson Park Avenue and sees UVA's future, a future which could include a buried Jefferson Park Avenue.
As reported by the Hook a year ago, that parking lot, fondly known to the University community as "B1," will one day be home to a number of new academic buildings designed by the New York-based Polshek Partnership. New Cabell Hall, home to UVA's College of Arts and Sciences, is slated for demolition, and the entire South Lawn area will be renovated to create connections to the new structures.
Most students and faculty agree that it's time for New Cabell to go.
"This is the most important architectural project for the University since Stanford White designed the original South Lawn," says Anderson. "It's a very major seam."
The excitement over the project has become palpable now that the architects have returned with a series of preliminary site plans. These early concept drawings show a set of connected pavilions along one side of an open, park-like space that continues the axis of Jefferson's original Lawn at a slight angle ("a half-Lawn, in effect," says Anderson).
A fresh building on New Cabell's footprint will create a transition from the south terrace of Jefferson's Lawn to a series of common spaces leading students across JPA.
"Polshek has achieved a complete and elegant integration of new and old," says Joseph Grasso, UVA's Associate Dean for Planning and Operations. "He's paid a great deal of attention to Jeffersonian concepts."
Polshek has also devised some schemes that Jefferson would never have dreamed possible. While most of the site concepts show relatively standard pedestrian bridges over JPA, one plan stands out.
It depicts a planted terrace, dozens of feet wide, spanning a tunneled road to extend the South Lawn unbroken to the new buildings.
"We've shown the project to the City and area neighborhood associations," says Anderson, "and most prefer the wide bridge and seamless ground."
Grasso concurs. "People are pretty excited about the idea of a terrace across JPA."
While digging a deeper road and putting a park on top of it may seem like brave and innovative gestures, they're not without precedent in Virginia. There's a park over the Downtown Expressway in Richmond near the Federal Reserve, and even Charlottesville knows how to lower some roads.
"Look at 250," observes Craig Barton, director of UVA's American Urbanism program. "It's not hard to see that the road isn't running at the original grade."
Elizabeth Kutchai, President of the Jefferson Park Avenue Neighborhood Association, attended one of the meetings where the proposals were presented.
"Of course, people weren't terribly excited about the idea of tunneling Jefferson Park Avenue down low," says Kutchai. "It would necessitate closing the entrance to Oakhurst Circle some of my neighbors were absolutely horrified."
Kutchai also wonders where the 260-some permit holders for the B1 lot will park during construction and beyond.
"We've been faced with this kind of displacement before," says Becca White, UVA's Director of Parking and Transportation. "We'll give permit holders options in nearby lots, and once the new lots are built, we'll invite them back."
While White says it's still too early to tell how many parking spaces will be restored after construction is complete, she's sure about one thing: The terrace plan is "breathtaking."
The big question remains: Is the terrace bridge in or out? Right now, it seems that the future of the project depends on whether Polshek's drawings excite potential donors enough to spark the necessary flow of dollars.
Until that time, "We'll be catching our breath," says Anderson, adding that the wide terrace spanning JPA will cost around $20 million.
Grasso is upbeat about UVA's ability to find the cash. "We're going after a variety of financial sources, public and private," he says. "The terrace is expensive, but it's critical to bringing together both sides of JPA."
Neighborhood leader Kutchai disagrees.
"I don't think there's any chance in the world that [the terrace] could happen it's just too expensive," she says. "It's not even in the cards as far as I'm concerned."
Grasso says that across the country it's liberal arts buildings that are oftentimes the last to be renovated. He hopes that won't happen here. Once funds have been gathered, schematic design will take roughly 18 months. Construction of the trans-JPA segment of the project is expected to take another two and a half years.Read more on: jpasouth lawn


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The Chancellor Philip Hammond presented his second Autumn Budget on Monday 29 October 2018. In his speech he stated that 'austerity is coming to an end - but discipline will remain'. He also promised a 'double deal dividend' if the Brexit negotiations are successful but stated that there may be a full-scale Spring Budget in 2019 if not.
Our summary focuses on the tax measures which may affect you, your family and your business. To help you decipher what was said we have included our own comments. If you have any questions please contact us for advice.
Our summary concentrates on the tax measures which include:
Previously announced measures include:
Some Budget proposals may be subject to amendment in the 2019 Spring Statement and subsequent Finance Act. You should contact us before taking any action as a result of the contents of this summary.


text:
14 November 2017
Adventure! Excitement!
Posted by Angus McThag at 16:46
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text:
My Valentine is a fresh Red Rose,-
Roses, Roses,Roses
I shall throw in your path
From the couch to the hall,
And beyond;
I shall sweep the yard and gather
the crushed roses
And give them a fond farewell
Before the trash can is
set out for the van.
Roses, Roses, Roses!
Oh my valentine!
Roses are meant to fade away
But even years after
We shall together remember
This one crazy Valentine spirit
You and I may laugh but
when we smell it e'en in the corners
Of our crumbling home
We shall think it was a fine thing to do
After all.


text:
Current Publication:
Oral & Craniofacial Tissue Engineering
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A Decade of Bisphosphonate Bone Complications: What It Has Taught Us About Bone Physiology
Robert E. Marx, DDS
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text:
Microbe Magazine
Cover Image
Cover: Color-enhanced transmission electron micrograph of the N7N9 influenza virus. This new bird flu virus emerged in China in early 2013 (see p. 499). (Photo © Science Source.)
Microbe Magazine, Cover Image
Cover ImageVaccines are crucial for controlling the spread of influenza, but currently are only effective against a limited mix of strains. A universal vaccine remains elusive, but progress is being made (see p. 433). (Image © James King-Holmes/ Science Source.)
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Construction Projects in Nunavut
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Find your next project with quick and easy access to all the Dodge projects out for bid in your area.
With the help of the Dodge Lead Center, you can find the most accurate leads for construction projects taking place in Nunavut, the United States and Canada. Our comprehensive database includes thousands of active construction jobs up for bid, which are constantly being updated. We provide you with a simple, cost-effective means of obtaining construction leads in Nunavut. If you wish to expand or enhance your company's business, join the Dodge Lead Center today.
We pride ourselves on being the most accurate, detailed and comprehensive construction resource on the Internet. Whatever you're looking for in regard to construction in NU, we can provide it. We offer lists of active construction projects as well as specific information regarding construction specifications, bidders' lists, and much more. The links above are categorized by trade and project type to make searching easier and more efficient.
Staying in the loop on construction plans, projects, and key players has never been easier and gives you the upper hand when competing in the construction industry. Subscribe to the Dodge Lead Center so you receive this vital information.
With the Dodge Lead Center, it's easier than ever to keep current on Nunavut construction projects. Our user-friendly tools, search forms and links let you find whatever you're looking for. Never fall behind on construction information again. We cover the full range of commercial projects bidding. Subscribe today or do a simple search to find whatever you need to know about construction jobs in Nunavut.


text:
|Find the best surf spots
This is an interactive map! Use controls to pan and zoom this map.
Datum: WGS84 [ Help ]
Latitude: 37° 17.666' N
User rating (74)
Wannasurf.com is not responsible for the accuracy of the information contained in this guide. You use this guide at your own risk.
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Your favourites and future surf spot lists
From Aljezur go to Arrifana beach.
DistanceTake a car
WalkInstant access (< 5min)
Easy to find?Easy to find
Public access?Public access
Special accessDon't know
Wave qualityRegional Classic
ExperienceExperienced surfers
BottomSandy with rock
PowerHollow, Fast, Powerful
Normal lengthNormal (50 to 150m)
Good day lengthLong (150 to 300 m)
Good swell directionNorthWest, West, SouthWest
Good wind direction
Swell sizeStarts working at 2m-2.5m / 6ft-8ft and holds up to 4m+ / 12ft
Best tide positionAll tides
Best tide movementRising and falling tides
Week crowdFew surfers
Week-end crowdFew surfers
- Rocks
There are in fact two spots here. The beach break with some fun and hollow peaks. And the pointbreak (described by this page) is a big, long right for very experienced surfers that can get excellent.
The point break looks inviting from the cliff-top, but when you are 100m up, the waves look OK... when you get down there and paddle out in the channel, they can be 15+ft. The take-off is critical as it usually (depending on swell size) right in front of a big gnarly rock. You don't want to get it wrong. The wave then powers down the line over other underwater obstacles until looses power in the channel befor reforming as the beach break. On a big day this is a very challenging wave. Awesome.
Very Relaxed. A very beautiful place with incredible waves.
Author: http://www.buenasolas.com Contributors (1) They surfed this spot ! (347)
By jam , 16-08-2007
arrifana - i just came back from arrifana and despite it being august there were some nice waves. about 5 ft with some north west winds. i was expecting it to be the onshore slop that we get back here in cornwall most of the time but the huge cliffs sheltered the spot amazingly, it was either smaller and clean on the right side of the beach or bigger and maybe not as nicly shaped as the other side but stil fairly good. there was even back spray on a lot of the waves.
as for the point on the right there were some sets coming through but the guy at the local surf shop in aljezur was say it needs to be at least 6ft with a solid westerly swell. i suppose if i could have been bothered i could of got some waves at the reef but the beach break was good enough and there was the odd chance of getting covoured up. i would say its a lot heavier than most of the southwest beach breaks. it does close out a lot but real steep and if u have a little patience then u can have a longer ride. some of the local boogers were foookin amazing, pulling backflips out of everything
and i would say its more of a boogers wave. the locals do tend to drop in on non locals but there is a fairly friendly atmousphere but i like it a lot and the cliffs around is a nice thing to look at when waiting for the sets.
nice little village, nice break worth the trip and completly empty spots around if u go for an adventure through some of the dirt tracks
By local , 03-04-2007
Arrifana Rules - If you want to surf the best swells of arrifana you need to go there in the earlier spring.In that time of the year you can get the most radical waves you can dream the only problem its the crowd at weekends, besides that you will get the waves of your dreams,
By tamsk1 , 24-10-2006
check out around the corner - Arrafana gets well crowded, it is surf school hell when the wind is up as it's the only place with any shelter. There is a better beach break just around the corner. It get the same swell and works 2 hours before high. Highly recommeded if arrafana packed. drive out of Arrafana and 1km out, you go down a small dip, there is a dust road right. Follow the road past a clump of trees and toward the obolisk, as you come to the top of the hill take the left away from the obolisk. At the next fork keep left and at the next take a right. Then drive down to the car park and its a short walk. good luck.
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text: Carl-Gustaf M4 Smart just got smarter Contact Mats Fagerberg Head of Marketing and Sales, Business Unit Ground Combat. Email Phone +46 586 81 000 The new Carl-Gustaf® M4 is a man-portable multi-role weapon system that provides high tactical flexibility through its wide range of ammunition types. Since 1948, the Carl-Gustaf multi-role weapon has been supporting dismounted infantry around the world in dealing with a full range of battlefield challenges. A marked evolution in the history of the system, the new M4 model meets the needs of modern conflict environments while offering compatibility with future innovations. In 2015 the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic became the first country to order the new Carl-Gustaf M4. Last updated: 18 maaliskuuta 2016 • 13:44


text:
When planning a spring event, prepare for the unexpected
Organizing any event ̶ whether a festival for thousands or a garden walk for a hundred ̶ takes many hours of planning and preparation. However, unexpected situations can arise with even the most meticulously planned events. To help ease the worries of injury, property damage or other unforeseen exposures, speak to your local independent insurance agent about whether you have adequate insurance coverage for your event, large or small. For some situations, you will want to seek advice about your homeowner or personal umbrella coverage. For larger events sponsored by[…..]


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Difference between revisions of "Developer Area"
From Mahara Wiki
|Line 16:
|Line 16:
** git.mahara.org: https://git.mahara.org/mahara/mahara
** git.mahara.org: https://git.mahara.org/mahara/mahara
** Github: https://github.com/MaharaProject/mahara
** Github: https://github.com/MaharaProject/mahara
=== Finding your way around ===
=== Finding your way around ===
Revision as of 13:53, 8 April 2019
Here is a bunch of developer documentation for Mahara, including design, policy and specific feature documents.
This is for people who want to understand how Mahara works, or want to develop new code or plugins for Mahara. If you want to customise your Mahara - e.g. change the language/theme, or simply install plugins, check out the Customising section.
- Mahara development overview - explains how Mahara gets developed, who does it, and how people become Mahara developers
- Mahara Architecture Introduction - this series of articles explains how Mahara fits together, where it's pluggable and why it's written the way it is.
- Plugins - (soon to be) your one-stop-shop for information about developing plugins for Mahara
- Language Packs - how to write a language pack for Mahara, and how to contribute it back
- Wishlist - what documentation did you find missing and would like people to contribute?
- And if you just want the source code, it's available via git at
- Our gerrit code review system: git clone https://reviews.mahara.org/mahara
- git.mahara.org: https://git.mahara.org/mahara/mahara
- Github: https://github.com/MaharaProject/mahara
- Common issues
Finding your way around
- Mahara Architecture Introduction
- Core Subsystems
- Database conventions
- Development Tutorials
- Import/Export
- Language Packs
- Plugins
- Release Policy
- Command Line Interface Framework
Getting set up
- Setting up your development tools
- Setting up a development environment
- Getting Code from Git
- Changing Hostnames
- Setting up Elasticsearch
- Setting up ClamAV
Contributing improvements
- Contributing Code
- Coding guidelines
- Commit Policy
- How to submit good bug reports
- Accessibility Checklist
- Bug Status Policy
- Bite sized code tasks
- How to Review Code
- Unit Testing
- Behat Testing
- User manual setup
Join in the discussion
We have a discussion forum on mahara.org.
You can also find us in #mahara-dev on irc.freenode.net
If you have not got an IRC client or cannot connect with one, you can use the freenode web client.
Meeting minutes & dev team notes
- Developer Meetings
- Packaging
- Release Instructions
- Security Team
- Specifications in Development
- Fixes for significant bugs that might bite later
API Documentation
These pages describe specific Mahara APIs. Note: we're in the process of reorganizing our developer documentation, so not all API documentation pages will be present in this list. Please use the wiki's search feature if you don't find what you need here. Also, not all API's are documented. :(
- Architecture Introduction
- Hello World
- Database-DML
- Database-DDL
- I wrote a forum post here that gives an outline of how the database works: https://mahara.org/interaction/forum/topic.php?id=5515&offset=0&limit=10#post23753
- Language strings
- Developer_Area/Local customizations
- aka the "/local" directory
- Config API
- Retrieving user input
- aka "What to use instead of $_GET and $_POST"
- Cron API
- CLI Framework for writing command-line Mahara scripts
- Events API
- File uploads API
- Login form
- Mahara global variables
- $SESSION, $USER, $THEME, etc
- Mahara Mobile
- Notification Plugins & Activities
- Pagetop Constants
- Pieforms
- Sideblocks API
- Site menus
- Smarty&Dwoo
- Themes
- Webservices
Useful Resources
- You can subscribe to the master branch on Launchpad to receive an email everytime a commit is made. There is also an RSS feed of commits if you prefer to receive information that way.
- #mahara-dev on freenode (irc.freenode.org) is an IRC channel where the core developers discuss the development of Mahara. This channel is not for support of Mahara (use #mahara instead), but you can lurk and listen in on developer conversations - and even hear about the latest new features as they're added ;)


text:
News from the world of Maths
Scientists find a new method of storing information in DNA.
Climate change is causing populations to sync in different species in the high arctic, increasing their risk of extinction.
Stephen Hawking was once told by an editor that every equation in a book would halve the sales. Curiously, the opposite seems to happen when it comes to research papers. Include a bit of maths in the abstract (a kind of summary) and people rate your paper higher — even if the maths makes no sense at all.
The London Underground turns 150 today! It's probably the most famous rail network in the world and much of that fame is due to the iconic London Underground map. But what makes this map so special?
Without doubt the biggest event in physics and maths this year was the discovery of the Higgs boson. Relive the excitement and understand what it's all about with these Plus articles.
Merry Christmas!
Travelling Salesman is an unusual movie: despite almost every character being a mathematician there's not a mad person in sight. Moreover, the plot centres on one of the greatest unsolved problems in mathematics, does P = NP? Last month we were lucky enough to host the UK premiere of this movie ...
Quick, quick, before the world ends get your head around Schrödinger's equation. A possible consequence of the interpretation is the idea that the universe is constantly splitting into many parallel branches. So while one copy of you might witness a spectacular end to the world today, another can rest assured that it will survive.


text:
Hernandez joins rare company with perfect relief
ANAHEIM -- In earning his first save since 2006 on Tuesday night, Roberto Hernandez became just the fourth pitcher in Rays history to record a save and a complete game in the same season.
The veteran right-hander joined Albie Lopez (2000, four complete games and two saves), Joe Kennedy ('03, one complete game and one save) and Matt Garza ('10, three complete games and one save). Hernandez also became the second player in the Major Leagues to do it this season; Garrett Richards of the Angels also turned the trick.
Hernandez threw 3 2/3 perfect innings Tuesday night in relief of Matt Moore and struck out seven of 11 batters.
According to baseball-reference.com, it was only the 12th time since 1916 a reliever pitched at least 3 2/3 perfect innings with seven or more strikeouts -- most recently Arizona's Max Scherzer (4 1/3 innings, seven strikeouts) on April 29, 2008, against Houston. Only one other American League pitcher has had a perfect relief outing as long this season. Detroit's Drew Smyly threw four perfect innings against the Yankees on April 5, striking out five.
"The difference for me, he has been really confident and calm about the whole thing," Rays manager Joe Maddon said. "When he comes in and you give him the ball, he's like, let's go. It definitely gives us another tool to deal with as we move forward."