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The Russian word okradenost refers to the stealing of material possessions, but in patristic literature it also denotes the common reality of spiritual robbery. This type of robbery occurs when a person is given a revelation of Christ's kingdom in his heart and thus acquires a "feel" for what constitutes that incorruptible realm, but then does not guard his inner world. To guard one's inner treasure—one's awareness and longing for heaven—means to hunger, to weep (St. Luke 6:21) in this world because one knows that total fulfillment can never be found here. It means to be cast out (St. Luke 6:22) by those who seek satisfaction in this world, to have every apparent reason to be sad and yet to be inwardly happy. For one's treasure to slip away, one has only to put primary value on external things: what other people think of one, what is officially acceptable, what one's passions and whims dictate, etc… One may then have every apparent reason to be content, but be miserable inside. Spiritual robbery can be followed by something yet worse: a clinging to the actual state of being robbed, to the raw, numb feeling of the soul's deprivation. As people cherish past hurts and resentments, so can they cherish the pain of their emptiness. The spiritually robbed may still "shop around" for inspiration, but such an unserious search will not fill the void; at most, it will only excite the blood. The Scriptural parable of the sower is precisely an illustration of spiritual robbery. At the end of it, our Lord provides the key for those who would guard His precious gift to them. His true disciples, He says, are those who have a good and honest heart, who use their inward treasure to bring forth fruit, and who endure all the attacks of the world, the evil one and their passions with patience or constancy (St. Luke 8:15). In what follows, two recent Church teachers, Archbishop Averky and Father Seraphim, exhort us to watch over the treasure in our hearts, to walk circumspectly (Ephesians 5:15) in this post and pseudo-Christian age, lest we be stolen away from the true Christ. Let us allow our God-given consciences to be stirred and awakened by their words. Let us not be robbed.
St. Herman of Alaska Monastery Platina, California, 1986 And He saith unto him, "Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee…" (St. Luke 19:22)
One Man in the Face of Apostasy
"For by thy words thou shalt be justified, and by thy words thou shalt be condemned" (St. Matthew 12:37)
Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in Thy name? And in Thy name have cast out devils? And in Thy name done many wonderful works? It is the "accepted" ones who will speak these words—those who will have "paid their dues" and built up their reputations as servants of Christ, doing impressive things ostensibly for Him. And the Lord will reply: I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity.
(St. Matthew 7:23-24)
In what will they have failed, warranting this harsh rebuke from the Lord? In Christ's name they will have performed their works, but not in the spirit of Christ, and thus they will not have truly lived according to His commandments. Their deeds, in being done for this world, will perish in this world. They will have outwardly conformed to all the dictums of the Faith, but inwardly they will not have directed their lives to heaven. And they will find themselves before the Judge with their hands empty. This is an image of what will occur at the culmination of the world's apostasy, or "falling away" from Christ: the Last Judgment. And it reflects precisely the message of a Holy Father of these last times, Archbishop Averky Taushev of Jordanville. Through Archbishop Theophan of Poltava, he was directly linked to the unbroken line of Orthodox theologians who have handed down the living spirit of their tradition as from father to son. A sign of his being a genuine transmitter of patristic tradition is seen in the fact that he never thought of calling himself a "theologian" or "patristic scholar," much less being recognized as that which he actually was: a prophet of the apostasy. It was only because of his love for the life-giving Truth of Orthodoxy and for the flock entrusted him by Christ the he spoke out. He felt it his duty to warn people of the more subtle effects of the apostasy, which spread ever faster as our our world approaches its dissolution. The apostasy, he knew, was more than just something that has externally manifested itself "out there"—in the self-blinded, godless secular world or in the apostate Christian bodies which have become almost entirely centered in this world. No, the roots of the apostasy went far deeper. They could penetrate into the very heart of man… Archbishop Averky understood that, like the deeds of the false servants whom Christ rebuked in the above passage, the outward form of the Church and even of "true," "traditional" Orthodoxy could be imitated so cleverly, so exactly, as to be capable of "deceiving the very elect" (St. Matthew 24:24). This thought was a tremendous weight on him. He had been given, directly from genuine Orthodox Fathers, the essence of Orthodoxy. In order to successfully transmit this essence to the next generation, he had to distinguish it from surrogates which were now growing ever more subtle. Spoken and written words seemed inadequate to the task. He often took refuge in St. Theophan the Recluse's poignant phrase: "Orthodox Christianity is losing its salt" (cf. St. Matthew 5:13). But could it be that the only ones who could detect this loss were those who had already tasted the authentic "savour" of Orthodoxy? Someone who has never tasted salt would not know the difference if he was presented with some other new flavor and told it was salt. Archbishop Averky also quoted often the words of St. Ignatius Brianchininov: "Do not dare to raise your weak hand to stop the elemental tide of apostasy. Avoid it, protect yourself from it, and that is enough for you. Get to know the spirit of the times, study it so you can avoid its influence whenever possible."1 Of course, Archbishop Averky's students and monks at Holy Trinity Seminary/Monastery appreciated the timeliness of his warnings. But still it was difficult for many to fathom the reason for his constant dwelling and harping on so negative a theme. Once, when the archbishop was as usual discussing the signs of the falling away from Christ, one student posed a question: "Of course the apostasy is terrible and we have to hear about it, but why so much? After all, we are sheltered from its influences by being Orthodox, by adhering to the traditions. We're in the Russian Church Abroad—we aren't ecumenists, we have nothing to do with the betrayal of Orthodoxy that is being carried on by other jurisdictions. We are in the true Church—the Orthodox Church. Aren't we safe? Christ said that the gates of hell shall not prevail against His Church." Looking piercingly at his questioner, Archbishop Averky asked in turn, "But what will determine whether or not you are in that Church?" He used the Russian singular form of the word "you" for he meant to address his listeners as individuals. All of the students present were baptized Orthodox Christians; the man who had asked this unexpected question was their own hierarch, their own link to the apostles. They were not only in his same Church, but also in his same "jurisdiction." How, then, could he question their membership in the true Church without questioning his own? Archbishop Averky's question had been loaded with meaning. He had often told his students that the Antichrist would "recognize," "legitimize" and thus possess the outward semblance of the Orthodox Church—with its traditions, arts, dogmas, canonical validity, liturgical purity and apostolic succession. Therefore, external membership in the Church and adherence to the traditions—though necessary steps for those who know the Truth of Orthodoxy and wish to share in the fullness of its grace—offer, as he said, "no guarantees." By asking his students what determined whether they were members of the true Church, he was stressing the need for them to individually develop within themselves a feeling for genuineness that would enable them to identify the spirit of basic Orthodox Christianity and its cunning imitations.
Archbishop Averky observed that Orthodoxy's ecclesiology was, more than any of its other dimensions, in danger of being distorted in modern times. As Christendom was losing the last traces of the savour of its underlying Faith, Orthodox Christians too—unwittingly influenced by the spirit of the times—were losing the right conception of what the Church actually was. Their perspective was, like that of the society it which they lived, turned outward, and thus they were looking at the Church more and more as an institution. Feeling the pressing need to respond to this tendency, Archbishop Averky wrote:
Orthodoxy is not merely some type of purely earthly organization which is headed by patriarchs, bishops and priest who hold the ministry in the Church which officially is called "Orthodox." Orthodoxy is the mystical "Body of Christ," the Head of which is Christ Himself (see Ephesians 1:22-23 and Colossians 1:18, 24 et seq.), and its composition includes not only priest but all who truly believe in Christ, who have entered in a lawful way through Holy Baptism into the Church He founded, those living upon the earth and those who have died in the Faith and piety.2
Archbishop Averky feared that the spirit of Orthodox ecclesiology would be replaced by a papistic conception of the Church, and that Orthodox leaders would, in the consciousness of the faithful, be seen as "mini-popes" and eclipse Christ as the Head of the Church. When the Church will become identified first of all with a temporal administration, the archbishop realized, then the Antichrist will have an open door to the hearts of men and will with little effort make them his obedient servants. With their wrong understanding of the Church, the will do—"for the good of the Church—things manifestly opposed to the commandments and will of Christ. Again turning out attention from the earthly to the spiritual in his definition of the Church, he stated:
The Orthodox Church is not any kind of "monopoly" or "business" of the clergy, as thing the ignorant and those alien to the spirit of the Church. It is not the patrimony of this or that hierarch or priest. It is the close-knit spiritual union of all who truly believe in Christ, who strive in a holy manner to keep the commandments of Christ, with the sole aim of inheriting that eternal blessedness which Christ the Saviour has prepared for us, and if they sin out of weakness, they sincerely repent and strive "to bring forth fruits worthy of repentance" (St. Luke 3:8).3
Those whose foremost concern is the consolidation of the Church's temporal power may feel threatened by Archbishop Averky's definition of the Church (which, it should be noted, is identical to St. John Maximovitch's definition, showing that these two hierarchs were of one mind and spoke from the same tradition). "Yes," it is sometimes heard, "the Church is mystical. But you must take into consideration the earthly aspect of the Church, no mater how prosaic it may be." While Archbishop Averky's answer to this did in fact make room for such considerations, it completely swept them away as justifications for worldliness in the Church:
The Church, it is true, may not be removed completely from the world, for people enter her who are still living on the earth, and therefore the "earthly" element in her composition and external organization is unavoidable; yet the less of this "earthly" element there is, the better it will be for her eternal goals. In any case, this "earthly" element should not obscure or suppress the purely spiritual element—the matter of salvation of the soul unto eternal life—for the sake of which the Church was both founded and exists.4s
As Archbishop Averky perceived, the overshadowing of the spiritual by the earthly in church life led to the loss of something necessary for all Christians: an awareness of the distinction between what is official and what is right. In turning his attention to the outer world, man seeks the "accepted position"—what is right and good in the eyes of others—rather than to be inwardly right with God and his own conscience. To idealize and conform oneself to something because it is officially "right" or "recognized," is to ask to be deceived, for Satan can easily—especially in our times—make outward "officialness" coexist with inward falsity. For this reason Archbishop Averky emphasized:
One must realize and remember that Orthodoxy is not only and always that which is officially called "Orthodox," for in our false and evil times the appearance everywhere of pseudo-Orthodoxy which raises its head and is established in the world is an extremely grievous but, regrettably, an already unquestioned fact. This false Orthodoxy strives fiercely to substitute itself for true Orthodoxy, as in his time Antichrist will strive to supplant and replace Christ with himself.5
A word should be said here about what Archbishop Averky meant when he spoke of the "Antichrist," for he viewed the Antichrist in a spiritual way, without any "doomsday" sensationalism. In order to recognize the Antichrist and that which even now prepares his coming, one must look beyond what appears to be good and evil, just and unjust.6 One must understand the principle behind the Antichrist, which is the principle of imitation of all that is Christ's. Since his very name means the one who is "in place of Christ" or looks like Christ,7 the Antichrist will be the final, most deceptive embodiment of Satan's age-old attempt to "copy" Christianity, to make a new, this-worldly form of it. "The Antichrist will appear," writes I. M. Kontzevitch, "…not as an absolute atheist or as a follower of that which is connected with it, Bolshevism, since the latter has shown to the world every horror which results from atheism."8 Rather, as St. Ephraim the Syrian states, he "will come as a robber, in a manner such as to deceive all: he will be as one humble, meek, a hater (as he will say of himself) of unrighteousness, despising idols, giving preference to piety, good, lover of the poor, beautiful to an extreme degree, constant, gracious to all. He will especially esteem the Jewish race, since the Jews will await his coming. But together with all this he will work signs and miracles and dreadful spectacles with great authority; and he will use sly means to please all, so that people will quickly fall in love with him. He will not accept bribes, speak with anger, show a gloomy countenance, but with a decorous exterior he will take to deceiving the world, until he has become king."9 With his philosophical, patristic understanding of the reality of Antichrist, Archbishop Averky understood that one need not live during his actual reign to be—in a figurative yet very real sense—his follower. One may be drawn to that which the Antichrist represents—the counterfeit of Christianity—by that which one has in common with him: an inward absence of Christ. The purpose of all that Christ gives is to prepare people for His Heavenly Kingdom, while the motive of Antichrist is to bind people in every way possible to this earth. This distinction, though simple and clear-cut, may not be so easily seen since Antichrist himself—like many of his predecessors—will in fact be very "spiritual," binding people to earth even with the external manifestation of things which are intended to lead them to heaven. The imitation of Christianity will only be discerned by those who have preserved a "feel" for what is intrinsically earthly and corruptible and what is heavenly and eternal. The "apostasy" of which Archbishop Averky spoke is precisely the loss of this discernment and this desire. Again, St. Ephraim the Syrian writes that, when the Antichrist actually comes, he will not be seen for what he actually is by "him who has his mind on the affairs of this life and loves the earthly…for he who is always tied to the matters of this life, although he even hear, he will not believe, and will despise him who says these things. But the saints will be strengthened, because they scorned every care for this life."10 A Christianity without "savour" is filled with worldliness that masquerades itself as spirituality. And to "worldlify" Christianity is to make it vulnerable to the temptation of Antichrist.
In studying Archbishop Averky's writings on the apostasy, one can discern three levels of which he spoke, these levels progressing from the most obvious to the most difficult to detect.
The First Level
At the first level is the loss of Christianity's "savour" by Christendom in general. The roots of this are found in the schism of East and West and in the medieval West's gradual formation of a "new Christianity," in which man's fallen reason—rather than divinely revealed tradition—became the criterion of truth. In essence, it was this change in perspective from the spiritual to the natural that led, throught e Renaissance and "Enlightenment," to the blatant materialism of our own times—a materialism that has spiritually blinding modern man.11 "There can be discerned," wrote Archbishop Averky, "some kind of rationally acting black hand which is working to bind people as tightly as possible to this temporary, earthly life by forcing them to forget the future life, the eternal life assuredly awaiting us all."12 Materialism, Archbishop Averky understood, corrupts the faith of Christians without their even knowing it. Even their ostensible stand "against worldliness" or their talk of heaven may be filled with worldly conceptoins if they have lost the right understanding of the "world" that is opposed by basic Christianity13 Moreover, that which would, from an Orthodox viewpoint, be considered immoral, becomes permissable to a Christianity infected with worldliness. Wrote Archbishop Averky:
Of what sort of genuine union of all Christins in the spirit of Christian love can we speak now when the Truth is denied by almost everyone, when deceit is in control almost everywhere, when a genuinely spiritual life among people who call themselves Christians has dried up and been replaced by a carnal life, an animal life which has nonetheless been placed on a pedestal and concealed by the idea of pretended charity which hypocritically justifies any sort of spiritual excess, any sort of moral anarchy. Indeed, it is from this that are derived all these numberlass "balls," various kinds of "games," "dances" and amusements, toward which, despite their immoral and anti-Christian nature, even many modern clergymen have a tolderant attitude, sometimes even organizing them themselves and participating in them.14
In losing touch with the essence of its faith—which is, in a word, otherworldliness—Christendom deprives believers of living contact with the grace of the Holy Spirit. Christians must therefore find substitutes for this grace by inducing, through self-persuasion, "spiritual experiences." At the same time they seek a substitute, in this world, for the other world that is no longer tangible to them. Of these "neo-Christians," Archbishop Averky wrote:
They want blessedness here in this world, burdened with its multitude of sins and iniquities; and they await this blessedness with impatience. They consider one of the surest ways to attaining it to be the "ecumenical movement," the union and unification of all peoples in one new "church" which will comprise not only Roman Catholics and Protestants, but also Jews, Moslems and pagans, each retaining its own convictions and errors. This imaginary "Christian" love, in the name of the future blessedness of men on earth, cannot but trample upon the Truth.15
Archbishop Averky termed the belief in future blessedness on earth "neo-chiliasm"—chiliasm being the ancient heretical belief in a thousand-year reign of Christ as an earthly king. He foresaw that the outward "ecumenical unity" sought by the "neo-chiliasts" would be nothing else than an official unity supported and approved of by Antichrist.16 For Archbishop Averky, the modern "ecumenical movement" was indicative of something else: the widespread disbelief in absolute Truth. Through this comes an unwillingness to take a stand for anything and a weak-willed acceptance or even justification of evil, all in the name of the most superficial ideas of "Christian love" and "peace." Archbishop Averky expressed it thus:
In our times, when there are such strong doubts about even the existence of Truth, when every "truth" is considered relative and it is considered legal for each person to hold to "his own truth," the struggle for the Truth acquires a particularly important meaning. And the person who does not sympathize with this struggle, who sees in it only a manifestation of "phariseeism" and suggests "humbling oneself" before falsehood by falling away from the Truth, should naturally be recognized as a betrayer of the Truth, whoever he might be, whatever he might call or consider himself.17
Those who place all their hope in this world must of necessity either give into despair or blind themselves to the rising degeneracy in all forms of public life. Their relativistic and irresolute attitude only helps to unleash the forces of Satan in the last times. As Archbishop Averky pointed out:
The "ministers of Satan," or, which is the same thing, the servants of the coming Antichrist, make use of this spiritual blindness of the majority of modern people and stubbornly and insistently do their work with genuinely satanic energy. With special efforts and with all available means, with the aid of all the resources under their control, the bind forcibly to themselves adepts who are wittingly or unwittingly, willingly or unwillingly, cooperating witht hem in creating in the world circumstances and conditions appropriate for the very near appearance of the Antichrist as the ruler of the whole world and the master of all mankind.18
In another place, Archbishop Averky wrote more on this same theme:
The fundamental task of the servants of the coming Antichrist is to destroy the old world with all its former concepts and "prejudices," in order to build inits place a new world suitable for receiving its approaching "new owner" who will take the place of Christ for people and given them on earth that which Christ did not give them… One must be completely blind spiritually, completely alien to true Christianity, not to understand all this!19
The Second Level
At the second level of the apostasy described by Archbishop Averky, the Orthodox churches—in "keeping in step with the times"—leave behind some of the Church's traditional forms and ecclesiological positions which they consider "outdated," and thus they too cut themselves off from the tradition that retains the "savour" of basic Christianity. This is one of the ways in which Orthodoxy becomes a worldly "pseudo-Orthodoxy." The essence of Orthodoxy cannot be transmitted when the very context of receiving it is all but gone. Archbishop Averky explained why the Orthodox Church, as St. Athatasius the Great once said, "must not serve the times:"20
The Church never conforms to the world. Indeed not, for the Lord said to His disciples at the Last Supper, "You are not of this world." We must hold to these words if we are to remain fiathful to true Christianity—the true Church of Christ has always been, is and will always be a stranger to this world. Separated from it, she is able to transmit the divine teachings of the Lord unchanged, because that separation has kept her unchanged, that is, like the immutable God Himself.21
Once in the early 1960's a seminarian heard Archbishop Averky pacing for a long time in the monastery corridor. Finally he went up to the bishop and asked him what was wrong. "Brother," replied the righteous hierarch, centemplating, "the term 'Orthodoxy' has become meaningless because unorthodoxy is disguising itself behind the external mask of Orthodoxy. Thus there is a need to coin a new phrase for that which we call Orthodoxy, just as there once had been a need to coin the term 'Orthodox.'—And that is not so easy." Archbishop Averky perceived that, for whatever reason, Orthodox churches and church leaders have not treasured the otherworldly basis of Orthodox tradition as passed on from father to son uninterruptedly through te centures. About this he wrote:
Wherever the inherited spiritual link of grace going back to the Holy Apostles and their successors the Apostolic Men and Holy Fathers has been broken, whereer various innovations have been introduced in faith and morals with the aim of "keeping step with the times," of "progressing," of not getting out-of-date and of adapting to the demands and fashions of this world lying in evil—there can be no talk of the true Church.22
These "innovations"23 are somtimes introduced in order to make Orthodox life less of a struggle or to make it appear less "odd" in the eyes of the world. Archbishop Averky wrote that the very concept of doing this is heterodox, since "the Orthodox Faith teaches how to construct life according to the demands of Christian perfection, whereas heterodoxy takes from Christianity only those things which are, and to the degree to which they are, compatible with the conditions of centemporary cultural life." To lower Orthodoxy's standard of ascetic struggle is to deny Christians a means of self-purification, to deny them even the chance of soul-saving repentance when they fall short of this standard—in spirit if not in letter. It is to weaken the very foundation of Orthodoxy, which, as Archbishop Averky stated, "is an ascetic faith that calls to ascetic labor in the name of the uprooting of sinful passions and the implanting of Christian virtues."24 In other cases, traditions are dissected and changed in order to feed the pride of contemporary "theologians" who, cut off from the direct, living transmission of tradition, strive to find "new ways of Orthodox theology," to intellectually "master history" and "restore" Orthodox practice to some kind of artificial purism. They clamor, Archbishop Averky wrote, "about how essential it is to 'renew the Orthodox Church,' about some sort of 'reforms in Orthodoxy,' which allegedly has become 'set in its ways' and 'moribund'25…This new breed of 'Orthodox' are really no more than modern 'scholastics.'"26 They "theologize" without the proper "feel" for the traditional church atmosphere in which saints have been raised. By their fruits shall ye know them (St. Matthew 7:20): Traditional Orthodoxy, with all its alleged "cultural accretions" and "impurities," has nurtured saints even in our own times; "restored" or "rediscovered" Orthodoxy, with all its claims of being more pure and better informed, has produced at best, clever men. The spiritual impotence of the latter is the result of its "theologians" "knowing better" than the modern, lving repositories of Orthodox sanctity. Churches, in "keeping step with the times," an also lose the savour of Orthodoxy be being caught up in the spirit of the fashionable "ecumenical movement" which, as we have seen, is a manifestation of the process of world apostasy. Thus, Archbishop Averky stated in different places:
The destructive spirit of Apostasy has already penetrated even our Orthodox Church, extremely prominent hierarchs of which openly are proclaiming the approach of some sort of "new era" and cynically are proposing being done with all the past as they assemble to crate some kind of completely "new Church" in close "ecumenical" contact and unanimity with all apostates from the true faith and Church27…For a long time we have heard that they [Orthodox clergy] belong to this movement in order "to witness to the peoples of other confessions the truth of holy Orthodoxy," but it is difficult for us to belive that this statement is anything more than "throwing powder in our eyes." Their frequent theological declarations in the international press can lead us to no other conclusion than that they are traitors to the holy Truth.28
The Third Level
Finally, the third level of the apostasy that Archbishop Averky warned about is reached when Orthodox churches, even while preserving all the traditions of what they call "true Orthodoxy," also lose the precious savour of their faith and become infected with a worldly spirit disguised as spirituality. This occurs through (1) the loss of basic Christian love, without which all the traditions become condemning rather than grace-bearing, and (2) the use of outward forms and supports of faith (which are intended to evoke remembrance of the other world) for worldly ends. Through these factors arises another form of "pseudo-Orthodoxy," this time more subtle because it may be cloaked in all the right externals. Some of its symptoms, which may also be found in the "pseudo-Orthodoxy" of the apostasy's second level, will be described below.
Archbishop Averky saw that, once the savour of Orthodoxy is lost and the Church comes to be regardef first of all as an earthly organization, membership in the Mystical Body of Christ becomes confused with membership in one or another administrative church party. People's lives may then be ruined under the pretext of "cleaning up the Church" if these people do not seem advantageous to the organization. Clergy, laypeople and monastics are pitted against and made to distrust each other in order to protect the worldly interests of their respective parties. One church group may split off from another and seek to legitimize its position with any number of legal and canonical formulas. Various church parties may join to form "super-parties" in order to make themselves feel more legitimate; they may speak of their outward unity as if this represents the true spiritual unity of the Church, but they betray how merely political this unity actually is when they dismiss or use polemics against those Orthodox groups which have not joined their organizations. Those with a "party mentality" may lose the very idea of sanctity, glorifying church figures primarily because they are "recognized" by their particular party or are its most prominent spokesmen. "Canonicity," a major weapon in party plemics, comes to be manipulated quite arbitrarily and becomes wrongly confused with one party's "recognition" by other parties. Accordingly, one appears to become "canonical" when one uses the most effective propaganda. Archbishop Averky was repulsed by this realm of what he called "party politics," seeing that it had nothing to do with basic Christianity. Although party politics have indeed reached an extreme in these last times when the love of many grows cold (St. Matthew 24:12), the "party mentality" is not, of course, new to the modern age: it is a common tendency of the fallen, carnal side of humanity. Even St. Paul had to deal with it when writing to the church at Corinth: Every one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were ye baptized in the name of Paul? While one saith, I am of Paul; and another, I am of Apollos, are ye not carnal? (I Corinthians 1:12-13, 3:4). To make the Church a tool of political intrigues, Archbishop Averky said, is "to subject the eternal to the temporal, the heavenly to the earthly, the holy to the sinful."29 In his article Holy Zeal, he stated further:
And there is likewise a false, lying zeal, behind the mask of which is concealed the foaming of ordinary human passions—most frequently pride, love of power and honor, and the interests of party politics like that which plays the leading role in political struggles, and for which there can be no place in spiritual life, in public church life, but which unfortunately is often to be encountered in our time and is a chief instigator of every imaginable quarrel and disturbance in the Church, the managers and instigators of which often hide themselves behind some kind of supposed idealism but in reality pursue only their own personal aims, striving to please not God but their own self-concern, and being zealous not for God's glory but for their own glory and the glory of the colleagues and partisans of their party. All of this, it goes without saying, is profoundly foreign to true holy zeal, hostile to it, is sinful and criminal, for it only compromises our Holy Faith and Church!30
"The Church," emphsized Archbishp Averky in another place, "was given to us for the salvation of our souls and for nothing else! We cannot make it a tool or an arena for the play of our passions and for the settling of our personal accounts."31 As far as Archbishop Averky was concerned, party politics were boring no matter what party was involved. They were hardly worth giving one's life for—giving up the chance for a wife and family as he had done when becoming a monk. Ironically, it was precisely his lack of unanimity with those of a "party mentality" that made him the victim of their politics. He was dismissed as a permanent member of his council of bishops because he refused to be guided by a "party-line" rather than by his own conscience. Seeing that party politics had infiltrated not only other groups, but his own as well, he once told one of his former seminarians, "does it not follow from this that the grace of the Holy Spirit is leaving our synod?" Still, it may be wondered why Archbishop Averky spoke so openly about the "uninspiring" phenomnon of party politics. Would it not have been better jusst to pretend that all the otehr Orthodox groups did not exist and to confine one's attention to one's own circle? No, for Archbishop Averky, this would have been a shirking of his responsibility as an Apostle of Christ. Party politics were poisoning the mission of Orthodoxy in the Free World, turning converts away and making believers listen to the whispers of the devil rather than to the words of Life. To keep silent would have been a crime, since if this issue was not addressed openly, how else would spiritual seekers find the true essence of Orthodoxy, which is inherently above party politics? How would they experience the living reality of the true Church, which, as Archbishop Averky said, is "the close-knit spiritual union of all who truly belive in Christ?" "ONLY HOLY ZEAL FOR GOD, FOR CHRIST," wrote the archbishop, "without any admixture of any kind of slyness or ambiguous cunning POLITICS, must guide us in all deeds and actions."32
Archbishop Averky detected another sign that Orthodox churches, even when they adhered to all the outward forms, were losing Orthodoxy's savour. This was the fact that Orthodox leadrs and spokesmen were having to play "roles." Role-playing occurs when small men, out of worldly ambition, want to take on positions which have been instituted in the Church for men of higher spiritual calibre. In most cases, those playing roles, having no real spiritual authority themselves, have to acquire this authority outwardly by resorting to what Archbishop Averky called "man-pleasing." This was spoiken of by St. Paul, who in the first years of Christianity had to point out the distinction between the true representatives of Christ and the "man-pleasers:" If I yet pleased men, I should not be the servant of Christ (Galatians 1:10). But as we were allowed of God to be put in trust with the Gospel, even so we speak; not as pleasing men, but God, Who trieth our hearts. For neither at any time used we flattering words, as ye know, nor a cloak of covetousness; God is witness. Nor of men sought we glory… (I Thessalonians 2:4-6). In "man-pleasing," one must flatter the right people and, conversely, destroy potential opponents at the right junctures; one must "take into consideration" influential people, regardless of whether this accords with one's conscience. Finally, one must give out awards and ranks and publicize this, thereby binding oneself to alies by mutual "recognition" rather than by heartfelt love. "How many," wrote Archbishop Averky, "give their hearts to the distraction of exalted callings, ranks, orders and awards, being ready to acquire them by any means at all, even by trampling down their consciences."33 Archbishop Averky indicated that role-playing may also bring about hostility and divisions in the Church:
To start the cruel hostility and dissension which cut off at the root the peaceful course of parish life and break up and destroy the parish it is sifficient for just one such person to appear in a parish—a person who imagines that he is the "hub of the universe," that everyone should take account only of him and obey him in everything, that all his judgements and evaluations are infallible and without error… For people of this sort it is as if the voice of conscience does not exist and they do not recognize the Law of God: they are capable of eery sort of tendentious distortion of the truth, of any sort of lie and malicious slander against those people who do not agree with their conceited inclinations, who do not approve of their attitude of self-satisfaction and their unrestrained desire the play the leading role everywhere, even if those people by lawfully appointed and truly good pastors and men of prayer, of whome there are fewer and fewer nowadays, and who ought to be valued, not persecuted with lies and slander for purely personal, conceited reasons, which is a foul and repulsive sin in the eyes of God.
It is just such people, possessed by the mad passion of self-love, who are being used by the powers of darkenss, the servants of the coming Antichrist, to disrupt and destroy the Church, starting with its individual parishes… They are genuinely living without a conscience!34
In role-playing, a person acts in the way the world expects one in is "respected" position to act. This is the opposite of that which characterizes the authentic modern "links" with Orthodox traditions: a complete naturalness, lack of pretense, and freedom of spirit, with no attempt to fit into some prescribed category. Of one role-playing church leader, Archbishop Averky said that he wore a "mask." "There are such hypocrites," he wrote, "who like to appear saintly and pious, when, in fact, they are not at all that way, but they will have to answer to God for they attempt to deceive the trusting, and they do so for personal gain."35 Role-playing may take many forms. One may take on the role of an authority on spiritual life or even of a "Holy Elder," misapplying lofty standards to the low spiritual calibre of modern times.36 Using St. Paul's phrase, Archbishop Averky identified this as "zeal without understanding—zeal which loses its value because of the absence in it of a most important Christian virtue: discernment, and threfore, in place of profit can bring harm."37 Another kind of role-playing is to be found in false spokesmen of Orthodoxy. We have already discussed the "theologians" of a "restored," innovative Orthodoxy. Such false teachers are to be found, however, not only in the more "liberal" circles, but also among the "patristic experts" and "scholars" of the "conservativs" and "traditionalists." False Orthodox spokesment may make one feel that one has finally "figured out" Orthodoxy, but most often the leave one's soul unmoved and unchanged. Of them, Archbishop Averky remarked:
Alas! How few people there are in our times, even maong the educated, and at times even among contemporary "theologians" and those in the ranks of clergy, who understand correctly what Orthodox is and wherein its essence lies. They approach this question in an utterly external, formal manner and resolve it too primitively, even naively, overlooking its depths completely and not at all seeing the fullness of its spiritual contents.38
Once, when some clergymen were attacking the memory of a 14th-century saint because he did not fit in with their concept of "traditionalism," Archbishop Averky called them "puppy theologians." They were followers (to borrow a term coined by Fr. Seraphim Rose) of "external wisdom." The so-called "liberal" and false "traditionalist" Orthodox teachers were, in Archbishop Averky's view, but two sides of the same coin. They both had a touch of modern criticism, a love of glitter and an attitude of "knowing better," having receivied Orthodoxy by doing research and forming "reasonable" conclusions rather than by learning from its living vessels. Outward contact with a genuine bearer of tradition is not enough; there must be a loving kinship and "oneness of soul" with that bearer.39 The presence or lack of this kinship, it is true, may be hard to discern from the outside, especially when one is not aware of the world of piety in which a true carrier of tradition has been born. For example, one might at first think that Archbishop Averky, from the bold, unequivocal tone of his writings, had the attitude of "knowing better." Howeer, when one comes to understand the spirit of his first and second generation spiritual fathers, Theophan of Poltava and Theophan the Recluse, then one will see that he was entirely in their tradition, that he received everything from them. Like all true Fathers of the Church, Archbishop Averky taught others not becuase he had an inflated view of his own knowledge or significance, but because he felt personally responsible for the priceless treasure that had been passed on to him from holy teachers.
The last form of role-playing that Archbishop Averky talks about is done by those in clerical authority. This form is perhaps the most influential increating a pseudo-Orthodoxy, since it is the church leaders who are supposed to set the "tone" for church life. Authorities who lack true apostolic zeal may still work zealously for personal ends or for the benefit of their parties. Archbishop Averky wrote that, for them, "the Church is nothing more than one of the ordinary human organizations where they wish to play some sort of leading role…"40 In another place he stated:
They have not unsuccessfully been taking control of the Church into their own hands, trying to become the complete and unchecked directors of people's religious and church lives and even applying ecclesiastical discipline for those who refuse to obey them so they can keep everyone in their power without opposition or rebellion.41
Having a wordly concept of authority, they think that htier first responsibility is the smooth running of their church's external apparatus rather than the salvation of souls. Since the practice of loving, fatherly pastorship is beyond them, they view obedience to them as a soulless fulfilling of a standard code of behavior necessary for the functioning of the organization. Because they are objectively endowed with clerical rank, having a form of godliness but denying the power therof (2 Timothy 3:5), they can quote many canons to affirm their absolute control. These canons are, of course, maninful only if they are applied in the right spirit, with pastoral discernment and according to the conscience of the Church.42 Many innocent believers, having outward standards imposed on them from above in an artifical context, feel the have to conform themselves to it at all costs. In the words of Archbishop Averky, they "fall under the unfluence" of unspiritual leaders, "and in their naive thoughtlessness support them in their conceited undertakings as some sort of 'maintainers of law and order!'"43 Thus, to the extent that the church leader triest to play a role, his flock is expected to go along with his worldly idea of authority and play the role of unthinking cattle. The authorities set the false example and the people, who may never have been given the "real thing," have nothing to contrast it with. They cannot distinguish between official and genuine, soul-saving Orthodox pastorship; and therefore they seek out pastors not for spiritual reasons, but to be first of all "legitimate" members of the right church party. (It should also be said that if for some reason this search ends in naught, there is seen another negative result of placing too much value on officialness: bitterness at not being considered "legitimate.") Under unspiritual guides, a kind of paralysis can set in among the faithful. A symptom of this is seen when people become afraid to take any initiative according to the dictates of individual conscience, having been led to believe that anyone who disturbs the status quo has no right to exist. They become ashamed to show through their actions that they love God with all their hearts or that they love those saints of God who might not yet be "official." The use of authority for worldly ends is especially wrong for hierarchs since, as monastic pastors of laymen, they are supposed to provide the leaven of otherworldliness for those living in the world. Their function is to inspire, guide and encourage all the pious attempts of believers at brining some goodness to this fallen earth, rather than to seize control of these attempts, to standardize and take all the "risk" out of them until there is no fresh inspiration left. One of Archbishop Averky's phrases was "iniquity from above," iniquity that comes from the "lawful authorities" and is therefore not questioned. In calling attention to this manner of wrongdoing, he was not advocating people to wage war on authorities or to be immediately suscpicious of someone just because he is in a respected position. Rather, he was exhorting people not to unreflectively conform themselves to the "letter of the law" without knowing whether the law was being used for a godly purpose or being manipulated for personal gaid. In one place he wrote:
True Orthodoxy is alien to eery dead formalism. In it there is no blind adherence to the "letter of the law," for it is spirit and life (St. John 6:63). Where, from an external and purely formal point of view, everything seems quite correct and strictly legal, this does not mean that it is so in reality… Orthodoxy is the one and only Truth, the pure Truth, without any admixture or the least shadow of alsehood, lie, evil or fraud.44
Anything that stands in the way of Christ's Truth is an idol. Therefore, if one follows the decrees of a church leader when they are opposed to the commandments of Christ, then one is making an idol of "officialness." This idolizing leads to the idea that "if the leaders are wrong, there is no hope!" As Archbishop Averky made clear, however, one will never be withouthope as an Orthodox Christian so long as one preserves a spiritual understanding of the Church. "The 'gates of hell,'" he wrote, "will not prevail against the Church, but they have and certainly can prevail against many who consider themselves pillars of the Church, as is shown by Church history."45 There can be no question of Archbishop Averky's stance. If something is done of false principles, we should not accept or keep silent about it because it is performed in an official capacity, because it is "iniquity from above:"
Meekness and humility do not mean spinlessness, and should not yield before manifest evil. A true Christian…should always be uncompromising towards evil, fighting with it by all measures and means available to him, in order decisively to cut off the spread and strengthening of evil among men.46
Again, Archbishop Averky stressed the dangers of self-effacingly seeking acceptance or recognition from any kind of authorities simply because of their "legal" status:
Any effort on our part to befriend those "holding authority" at the present tim when the "many antichrists" who are openly or secretly fighting against Christ and His Church are so obviously in control, any effort slavishly to please them, flatter them, and do what htey want, even to try for some degree of "legalization" from them is a betrayal of Christ our Saviour and enmity towards Him, even if those who act in this way are wearing the dress of clergymen.47
In this statement, Archbishop Averky gives a good explanation of the principle of Sergianism. This principle, by which Metropolitan Sergius capitulated to the godless Soviet authority in order to remain "legal" and preserve the functioning of the church institution,48 is not merely something that is somewhere else, in Soviet Russia. It is a universal category of the human soul which only happened to take a dramatic form in the person of Metropolitan Sergius: it is the doing of something wrong or the acceptance of a lie in order to obtain the temporal advantage of being "official," albeit "for the good of the Church." "Thus," wrote Fr. Seraphim Rose in the spirit of Archbishop Averky, "some people can find themselves in a position that may be 'legally correct' but is at the same time profoundly un-Christian—as if the Christian conscience is compelled to obey any command of the church authorities, as long as these authorities are properly 'canonical.' This blind concept of obedience for its own sake is one of the chief causes for the success of Sergianism in our century—both within and outside the Moscow Patriarchate."49 The final manifestation of the Sergianist principle will be the submission of even the most "traditional" Christians to the Antichrist himself. They will not be forced to agree with the Antichrist's ideas and methods. All that will be required of them is their recognition of his authority, which they will give in order to perserve the hierarchy, the church organziation, the church services, and the possiblity of openly receiving the Sacraments. Their betrayal will not consist of their clinging to canonical forms, but rather in their placing these forms above faithfulness to Christ, which is the first responsibility of the Church. The Holy Fathers have a very definite teaching on this, based on the Apocalypse of St. John the Theologian. They comment on the fact that the seal of the Antichrist will not be placed on the forehead and the hand simultaneously, but on the forehead or the hand (Apocalypse 13:16). According to St. Andrew of Caesarea, those who receive it on their foreheads will share the Antichrist's way of thinking, while those who receive it on their right hands will only recognize his authority, saying that it is permissable to do this "if only one remains a Christian in one's soul… The banishing of the grace of the Holy Spirit through the mark of the beast fills the heart of all such ones with the first sign—fearfulness—which will bring them to any easy destruction."50 In view of this patristic teaching, Archbishop Averky could readily forsee how all ecclesiastical organizations—ecumenical and "More than anything on earth we value our Church's freedom."
—Archbishop Averky anti-ecumenical, innovative and traditional—would one day bow down before Antichrist. Those whose fear of temporal authority overrides their fear of God will rely on their fallen minds to justify this submission, for thier hearts and consciences can never justify it. They will try to sustain their church institutions by relinquishing the spiritual freedom and heroic confession which, as Archbishop Averky reiterated, will alone sustain the invincible Body of Christ. Thus will come to pass the prediction of St. Ignatius Brianchininov quoted by Archbishop Averky:
One can suppose, too, that the institution of the Church which has been tottering for so long will fall terribly and suddenly. INdeed, no one is able to stop or prevent it. The present means to sustain the institutional Church are borrowed from the elements of this world, thing inimical to the Church, and the consequence will be only to accelerate its fall… May the merciful Lord defent the remnant who believe in Him. But this remnant is meager, and it becomes more and more so.51
So that we may remain true to Christ, Archbishop Averky warned us not to trust that which may seem "reasonable" or which accords with the "opinions" of our fallen minds. Instead, we are to follow our consciences and our Lord's commandments, and thereby expect to be hated by those—whether in the secular or ecclesiastical spheres— who are guided by the spirit of the world. He wrote:
In our time, truth is formally and solemnly declared falsehood and falsehood truth. And eery person, whether he wishes to or not, must believe this, against all reason and rationale. Or else—alas! The one who follows the voice of his own conscence and of the teaching of the Lord, may end up paying dearly. And this is true on all aspects of modern life—at times even in the areas of religion and church…
Brothers! Let us not, even in the smallest degree, fall into the spirit of this world; we know so well, from the Word of God, that this world is governed by the king of darkness, who abides in cruelty—our fierce enemy, evil doer, liear and murderer from the beginning (St. John 8:44)—the devil. Let us not fear mockery and division, oppression and persecution by his faithful servants…52
With spiritual eyes, Archbishop Averky could see around him the undermining by Satan of the smallest pious intentions on the part of Orthodox Christians. Those whose hearts yearn for love are not given it by Christians who should be known for their love (cf. St. John 13:35)—and thus their hearts dry up and they become as bitter as those around them. As this Christian love "evaporates,"53 it becomes replaced by substitutes which strive the unify the Church only outwardly—officialness, prescribed modes of behavior, role-playing, man-pleasing, political concordats—substitutes which merely unify a false Church, a vacuum waiting to be filled by Antichrist. In this process, there occurs what Archbishop Averky called a "winnowing:" a separation of the wise and prudent of this world (St. Luke 10:21) from those who pay no attention to the world's "opinions" and simply want to be with Christ in His Kingdom. This winnowing of the false and the genuine, stated Archbishop Averky, creates a burden for God-loving pastors, since fundamental disticntions are being blurred through the deceptions of Satan:
The Christian life now becomes more difficult than ever before, for the snares to man's salvation have been greatly multiplied and highly refined. The labor of being a pastor becomes many times harder and more responsible… Before our very eyes the prophetic words of Bishop Theophan the Recluse about the last times are beginning to be fulfilled: "At that time, though the name of the Christian will be heard eerywhere, and churches and church services will be seen everywhere, all of this will be only an appearance, while inside there will be true apostasy." Besides the always primary and essential example of a personally high spiritual and moral life, for the modern pastor there flows from this the extremely responsible and important task of teaching the faithful to recognize the true Church amidst the multitude of false churches and by his words, filled with spiritual power and wisdom, keeping them in its bosom, while attracting those in error.54
Archbishop Averky felt the burden of this responsiblity perhaps more tha any other of the great Orthodox pastors of our times. Like his beloved St. John of Kronstadt in the generation before his, he found that the most difficult thing to reconcile with his pastoral goals was the unmistakeable triumph of evil in the world. "Suffering Orthodoxy"—a phrase of St. Gregory the Theologian—was often on the lips of Archbishop Averky. This refers to two things: the suffeirngs that Orthodox Christians endure in this "vale of tears" on their way to their heavenly homeland, and also the persecution that the eternal Truth endures in this fallen world, whose prince is the devil. Archbishop Averky knew what "suffering Orthodoxy" was from experience. Not long before his repose, ailing in body and suffering along witht he Church Militant, he was asked about his condition by one of his friends. "How can I feel," he replied, "when the glory of Orthodoxy is diminishing, evil is triumphing, Christians are becoming so hateful and spiteful, and Orthodox Christians are no better—perhaps worse because they have been gien more. And who will stand up in these terrible last times for poor SUFFERING ORTHODOY?" In his last book, Archbishop Averky mentioned how his pastoral concern for the "spiritual devastation" of his times contributed to his prolonged and final illness:
As a result of all the emotional stress I endured over all that is taking place nowadays, I was beset (at least, that is what the doctors say) by several serious illnesses, which almost took me away from this temporary earthly life, because I could not come to terms with eerything happening around me and approach it indifferently.55
Fre of his terrible pastoral burden at last, Archbishop Averky reposed in 1976. From an earthly point of view he died in defeat. The war of Satan with all forms of righteousness goes on, and will end in a reign of evil. But in heaven, Archbishop Averky was a victor. He had lived a godly life, preparing himself to be among hte saints. His words, written only a year before his death, inspire us to follow him:
Let devoutness and piety be the only torches which we hold in our arms, as did the elder Simeon—then in a more mysterious way, in the depth of our hearts and souls. Then we will from our hearts be able to proclaim, upon departing this life, "Lord, now lettest Thou Thy servent depart in peace, according to Thy word; for mine eyes have seen Thy salvation!…56
Despair—the belief in the absence of Truth and love—was not in Archbishop Averky's heart when he reposed. He had lived in the presence of this Truth and love, and he knew that it would someday defeat the Antichrist after he had reigned for a short time (Apocalypse 12:12 and 17:10). In the end times, the true apostles of Christ will die or be killed off, as happened in the early years of Christianity: the sunset resembles the sunrise. And yet the flaming words of Archbishop Averky, one of the last true apostles, can still protect us from the subtle deceptions which are already upon us. He stood directly in the fact of the onrush of world apostasy, and did not move. He uncovered the most cleverly hidden snares of the evi one, showing them to all who have eyes to see. His message was not to lose eternal hope, but rather not to pin this hope to external things which can be counterfeited. With courage and fortitude, he fulfilled his duty not with eyeservice, as men-pleasers, but in singleness of heart, fearing God (Colossians 3:22). Thus, before departing to the Lord, he wrote these undoubting words: "I will be judged, as we all will be, by the impartial God. But I can say one thing: I did eerything honestly, according to my conscience, and without regard for personalities."57
On April 1/14, 1976, Fr. Seraphim Rose wrote in his Chronicle, "Today we were informed of the death of our spiritual and theological guide, Archbishop Averky, leaving us now truly orphans…" It was not many months after this, on October 22/November 4, that Fr. Seraphim came to church for the morning services and told one of his brotehrs of a wonderful dream he had had the night beore. He had seen his beloved Archbishop Averky standing on some green grassy steps which led upwards. There were huge crowds of people as if at an outdoor gathering, and Fr. Seraphim was with them. Archbishop Averky looked radiant. He was vested all in dazzling white as was eeryone, including a nearby deacon and Fr. Seraphim himself, who stood a little lower but right in front of Archbishop Averky. Some kind of solemn celebration was taking place. The deacon was supposed to announce the prokeimenon, but suddenly the words would not come out of his mouth and he hesitated in trying to remember them. Fr. Seraphim knew them, howeer, and looked up at Archbishop Averky—meaning to say that he head the right words. Then the archbishop hinted to him that he should say the prokeimenon aloud for the deacon. "Let God arise," Fr. Seraphim loudly intoned, "and let His enemies be scattered! Let Russia arise! Alleluia!"58 As soon as he said this, it was caught up by the huge chorus all over, it thundered, rolling like billows far and wide. At this moment Archbishop Averky smiled in deep gratification. He began slowly to ascend while swinging a smoking censer. And as the magnificent thousand-voiced choruses continued, Fr. Seraphim knew that this grand, solemn, unheard-of occassion was the celebration of the Resurrection of Russia. Then he woke up. Fr. Seraphim's understated tone in relating the dream convinced his brother that it had been a genuine visitation from Archbishop Averky. In concluding his accound, he asked, "I wonder what it meant?" "Don't you know what day it is today?" his brother said. "It's the commemoration day of St. Averky, Equal-to-the-Apostles: the first nameday of Archbishop Averky in heaven! Also, the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus (whose loves prefigure the General Resurrection) and the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God—which saved Russia in the past—are celebrated on this day. Your dream is not a simple one; it must have significance." Thus was Fr. Seraphim vouchsafed to share in the heavenly triumph that Archbishop Averky was already experiencing.
The story of Archbishop Averky's hard-fought battle against falsensess of all kinds and his final triumph tell us an important thing: we must look for the apostasy not only somewhere outside our own sphere of activity—in the secular world, the proliferation of pagan religions, the other Christian confessions, the other Orthodox "jurisdictions," the "converts," the "ethnics," etc… The spirit of apostasy—the spirit of imitation of what is Christ's—is everywhere, attacking all churches and thus all who would remain true to Christ. We are convicted and called to repentance and struggle by Archbishop Averky's unforgettable question, asked of one who had done everything outwardly possible to be in the true Church of Christ, the Orthodox Chruch:
But what will determine whether or not you are in that Church?"
What but a feeling for genuineness and a stand against the most refined falsehoods, will enable us to be in that "close-knit spiritual union of all who truly believe in Christ," that Church agaisnt which the gates of hell shall not prevail (St. Matthew 16:18) and in which Archbishop Averky even now serves the Divine Liturgy upon God's altar?
Dedicated to the Evangelical Orthodox Christian Movement, which is about to officially enter the Orthodox Church
NOTES 1. Archbishop Averky, Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 5. 2. "What is Orthodoxy," by Archbishop Averky. 3. Ibid. 4. Ibid. 5. Ibid. 6. Judge not according to appearances, but judge righteous judgement (St. John 7:24). 7. See "Raising the Mind, Warming the Heart," by Fr. Seraphim Rose. 8. "Antichrist and the Present Times," by I. M. Kontzevitch. 9. "Concering the Coming of the Lord…" by St. Ephraim the Syrian. 10. Ibid. 11. See True Orthodoxy and the Contemporary World, by Archbishop Averky, in Russian. 12. Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 8. 13. St. Ignatius Brianchininov explains that the "world" of which Christ speaks is made up of the majority of people "who ive for time and not for eternity." See his book The Arena, pp. 166-77. 14. Stand Fast in the Truth, pp. 8-9. 15. "A Reminder to Us That True Christianity Is a Struggle," by Archbishop Averky. 16. The Life and Works of Archbishop Averky, p. 32. 17. Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 11. 18. Archbishop Averky, The Just Shine Like the Stars, p. 16. 19. Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 10. 20. His full quote is: "Know that we must serve, not the times, but God." (From the letter of St. Athanasius to Dracontius). 21. "True Orthodoxy," by Archbishop Averky, pp. 2-3. 22. Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 2. 23. Eg., liturgical and calendar reforms, changes in fasting guidelines, infrequent Confession, pews and organs in church, beardless clergy, the tonsuring and ruling of monastics by married priests, etc… Regarding such innovations, Fr. Seraphim Rose once stated: "The followers of unenlightned custom are themselves innocent; they merely accept what has been 'handed down' to them. But not seeing the meaning and not knowing the sources of what has been handed down, they are easily led into error, accepting customs which the Church has allowed only out of her condescension or economy as if they were the best of Orthodoxy, and also improper customs of recent heterodox origin and inspiration, together with the pure and meaningful Orthodox customs handed down from the Holy Fathers." See Paisius Velichkovsky, p. 14. 24. "Should the Church Be 'In Step With the Times?'" by Archbishop Averky. 25. The Life and Works of Archbishop Averky, p. 25. 26. "True Orthodoxy," p. 5. 27. Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 7. 28. "True Orthodoxy," p. 3. 29. Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 7. 30. "Holy Zeal," by Archbishop Averky. 31. The Just Shine Like the Stars, pp. 51-2. 32. "Holy Zeal," p. 131. 33. The Just Shine Like the Stars, p. 35. 34. Ibid, pp. 50-1. 35. Ibid, p. 54. 36. For a discussion of contemporary false spiritual guides who demand total submission to their wills without first having conquered their passions, see The Arena, pp. 43-47. 37. "Holy Zeal," p. 130. 38. "What Is Orthodoxy?" p. 1. 39. See Paisius Velichkovsky, p. 288. 40. The Just Shine Like the Stars, pp. 50-1. 41. Ibid, pp. 16-7. 42. The New Russian Martyrs Metropolitan Cyril of Kazan wrote in 1929: "Church discipline is capable of preserving its efficacy only as long as it is an actual reflection of the hierarchical conscience of the Church Catholic; and discipline itself can never replace this conscience… The Catholic-hierarchical principle of the Church's existence is not at all the same thing as outward unity at any cost." In Russia's Catacomb Saints, pp. 246-7. 43. The Just Shine Like the Stars, p. 51. 44. "What is Orthodoxy?" pp. 3-4. 45. Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 2. 46. "Holy Zeal," p. 98. 47. The Just Shine Like the Stars, p. 18. 48. In his infamous declaration of 1927, where he stated that the Soviet Union's "joy's and successes are our joys and successes." See Russia's Catacomb Saints, p. 45. 49. Russia's Catacomb Saints, p. 257. 50. Ibid, p. 222. 51. "True Orthdoxy," p. 4; and Stand Fast in the Truth, p. 5. 52. The Just Shine Like the Stars, pp. 54-5. 53. This was the word used by the great 20th-century ascetic and confessor, Archimandrite Gerasim of Spruce Island, Alaska, who said: "Christian love is evaporating from the face of the earth." 54. The Just Shine Like the Stars, p. 25. 55. The Life of Archbishop Averky, by Priestmonk Ignatius. 56. The Just Shine Like the Stars, p. 55. 57. The Life of Archbishop Averky, p. 25. 58. From the service of Holy Pascha, the Resurrection of the Lord. The words "let Russia arise!" were added for the heavenly celebration of Russia's Resurrection.
Anything outward can become a counterfeit.
—Fr. Seraphim Rose
A sermon given by Blessed Fr. Seraphim Rose during Great Lent, 1982
Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the house of Simon the leper, there came unto Him a woman having an alabaster box of very precious ointment, and poured it on His head, as he sat at meat. But when His disciples saw it, they had indignation, saying, 'To what purpose is this waste? For this ointment might have been sold for much, and given to the poor.' When Jesus understood it, He said unto them, 'Why trouble ye the woman? for she hath wrought a good work upon Me. For ye have the poor always with you; but Me ye have not always. For in that she hath poured this ointment on My body, she did it for My burial. Verily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall be preached in the whole world, there shall be also this, that this woman hath done, be told for a memorial of her.' Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot went unto the chief priests, and said unto them, 'What will ye give me, and I will deliver Him unto you.' And they covenated with him for thirty pieces of silver. And from that time he sought opportunity to betray Him.
St. Matthew 26:6-16
In this passage of Scipture, we read how, as our Lord prepared for His Passion, a woman came and anointed Him with very precious ointment; and it is very touch how our Lord accepted such love from simple people. But at the same time Judas—one of the twelve who were with Him—looked at this act, and something in his heart changed. This was apparently the "last straw," because Judas was the one in charge of the money and he thought that this was a waste of money. We can even see the logical processes going on in his mind. We can hear him think about Christ: "I thought htis man was somebody important. He wastest money, he doesn't do things right, he thinks he's so imporant…" and all kinds of similar little ideas which the devil puts in his mind. And with his passion (his main passion was love of money), he was caught by the devil and made to betray Christ. He did not want to betray Him; he simply wanted money. He did not watch over himself and crucify his passions. Anyone of us can be exactly in that position. We have to look at our hearts and see which passion of ours will be devil hook us on in order to cause us to betray Christ. If we think that we are something superior to Judas—that he was some kind of a "kook" and we are not—we are quite mistaken. Like Judas, eeryone of us has passions in his heart. Let us therefore look at them. We can be caught with love for neatness, with love for correctness, with love for a sense of beauty: any of our little faults which we cling to can be a thing that the devil can catch us with. Being caught, we can begin to justify this condition "logically"—on the basis of our passion. And from that "logical" process of thinking we can betray Christ, unless we watch over ourselves and begin to realize that we are filled with passions, that each one of us is potentially a Judas. Therefore, when the opportunity comes—when the passion begins to operate in us and logically begins to develop from a passion into betrayal—we should stop right there and say, "Lord, have mercy on me, a sinner!" We must not look at life through the glasses of our passions, nor see how we can "fit" life into being what we would like it to be—whether this is a life where there is peace and quiet or where there is a lot of noise and excitement. If we try to make life "fit" like this, a total disaster will result. In looking at life, we should accept all the things which come to us as God's providence, knowing that htey are intended to wake us up from our passions. We should pray to God to show us some God-pleasing thing that we can do. When we accept what comes to us, we begin to be like the simple woman in the Gospel who heard the call from God and was thus able to be His minister. She was proclaimed to the ends of the world, as our Lord says, because of the simple thing she did—pouring out the ointment upon Him. Let us be like her: sensitive to watching God's sings around us. These signs come from everywhere: from nature, from our fellow men, from a seeming chance of events… There is always, everyday, something that indicates to us God's will. We must be open to this. Once we become more aware of the passions within ourselves and begin to fight against them, we will not let them begin the process which was seen in Judas. Judas started from a very small thing: being concerned for the right use of money. And from such small things we betray God the Saviour. We must be sober, seeing not the fulfillment of our passions around us, but rather the indication of God's will: how we might this very moment wake up and begin to follow Christ to His Passion and save our souls.
Hristos Voskrese! - June 2005


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GO Energy - 1.6kg (Blackcurrant)
Produkt informationen
GO Energy (Blackcurrant) provides an easily digestible and quick supply of carbohydrate for energy. Designed to be versatile, this product can be mixed at various concentrations to suit your needs.
GO Energy can be consumed as part of your carbohydrate loading strategy in the days and hours prior to your training or race, with 48 grams of carbohydrate per serving.
Key Features
- Approximately 50 grams of carbohydrate per serving
- Easy to digest
- Ideal as part of your carbohydrate loading regime
- Contents: 1.6kg Tub
Empfohlene Nutzung
As part of your carbohydrate loading strategy, consume up to 4 servings per day with or between meals to help achieve elevated carbohydrate intake. SiS GO Energy can also be consumed with SiS GO Energy bars to further boost carbohydrate intake.
To provide both optimal energy and hydration during exercise, SiS GO Electrolyte is superior to SiS GO Energy.
Directions for Use
For easy mixing use SiS sports drinks bottles which have markers to indicate the correct level of powder. Or, add 50g of SiS GO Energy (approx. 3 full scoops) to 500ml of water in a bottle & shake well ensuring the lid is firmly closed.
Carbohydrate loading strategies involve an increase in the amount of carbohydrate an athlete consumes in the days leading up to an event in order to increase the store of muscle glycogen.
A major cause of fatigue in endurance exercise is depletion of carbohydrate energy stores. SiS GO Energy provides a practical solution to increase carbohydrate intake to boost our muscle glycogen stores prior to training or competition.
Informed Sport Registered
Our complete product range is developed using a world-class approach to banned substance testing, providing assurance for athletes. For more information on Informed Sport & our unique world class approach, click here.
Suitable For: Vegans, Vegetarians, Lactose free, Gluten Free, Wheat Free, Nut Free, Soya Free
Ernährungs Info
|Typical Values
|Per Serving (50g)
|Per 100g
|of which sugars
|of which saturates
Carbohydrate mix (96%) (Maltodextrin (produced from partial hydrolyses of a special variety of Maize), Fructose), Natural Flavouring, Citric Acid, Sweetener (Aspartame). Contains a source of Phenylalanine.
When should I use this product?
We recommend that SiS GO Energy is used for carbohydrate loading in the run up to and/or during high intensity endurance exercise for fast energy.
Do I need to preserve this once open? Does it go off?
Once opened, keep the product cool and dry and don't exceed the best before end date.
Can I mix this with SiS GO Electrolyte to get all the benefits?
No, this would increase the carbohydrate concentration and may not sit well in your stomach. SIS GO Energy is designed specifically to meet your energy demands. To hit both energy and hydration goals, use SiS GO Electrolyte.
How many scoops do you need per normal 750ml bottle?
3 scoops of SiS GO Electrolyte will mix well in your 750ml SiS bottle.
Does this product contain Aspartame?
Yes, aspartame is added to make the product more palatable. It is one of the more researched sweeteners and is safe to consume.
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subset: commoncrawl


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WASHINGTON (AP) —A family member says retired Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, who commanded the U.S.-led international coalition that drove Saddam Hussein's forces out of Kuwait in 1991, has died. He was 78.
A sister of Schwarzkopf, Ruth Barenbaum of Middlebury, Vt., tells The Associated Press that Schwarzkopf died Thursday in Tampa, Fla., from complications from pneumonia.
A much-decorated combat soldier in Vietnam, Schwarzkopf was known popularly as "Stormin' Norman" for a notoriously explosive temper.
He lived in retirement in Tampa, where he had served in his last military assignment as commander-in-chief of U.S. Central Command. That is the headquarters responsible for U.S. military and security concerns in nearly 20 countries from the eastern Mediterranean and Africa to Pakistan.
(© Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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Why a special election you ask? Well, unless you spent that last two months holed up in your bedroom watching Lost seasons one through six for clues on how the television series might end up (Spoiler alert: It turns out Sawyer and Kate are brother and sister and Jack is really the Man in Black's son!), then you probably know that State Senator, excuse us, former State Senator Hiram Monserrate was booted from office recently for conduct unbecoming to his office. Keep in mind this is Albany, so you know he did something really bad.
Depending on who you ask, Monserrate was either voted out of office by his fellow state senators because a) he pled guilty to misdemeanor assault in an incident involving his girlfriend, a broken glass, and a platform bed (the state senators' version), or b) because he is a political maverick who doesn't bow to the wishes of the political leaders in the state legislature like the panty-waisted "yes" men he was forced to serve alongside (Monserrate's version).
Either way, there is now a race to replace Monserrate, and one person who has been planning on challenging Monserrate all along, whether it be in a special election or a primary this September, is Assemblyman Jose Peralta. But out of nowhere - and we really mean left field - is former councilwoman Helen Sears, who lost her seat seeking a third term to Daniel Dromm, and is considering a run for the post. Now you are going to have to stay with us for this next part, dear readers, because this is where things start to get really hard to follow.
Unlike City Council special elections, of which the city has seen its fair share of recently due to various scandals, resignations, and jumps to other offices by City Council members, special elections in the state legislature are partisan, which means that only one candidate can run on a party line, unlike the city special elections, where five or six Democrats make up their own party affiliation and all land on the ballot.
Peralta is already, and has been for quite a while, the Queens County Democrats choice for their candidate. Which leaves Monserrate and Sears, also Democrats, scrambling to find some way to get on the ballot. Monserrate has chosen the "made-up" party line approach, running as the Yes We Can - Si Se Puede candidate. Despite the fact that nobody has ever heard of the Yes We Can - Si Se Puede party, Monserrate has managed to collect 5,500 petition signatures as of press time to get his name back on the ballot. That makes two.
While Sears hasn't officially declared that she is running - there are only rumors swirling in various published reports - she has apparently chosen to take a completely different approach, and by completely different we mean bizarre. According to the scuttlebutt, Sears isn't only considering running in the special election, she is also planning in running in a September primary and the subsequent general election. How could she do this? Let us try to explain.
In the March special election, she would jump party lines and run as a Republican. Regardless of whether or not she wins, she would then run again in a Democratic primary as a Democrat, despite the fact that she would technically be a sitting Republican state senator, that is if she runs and wins the special election.
This means she could technically lose the Democratic primary, and not be on the ballot in November as a Democrat. If she wins the primary, she would then be a sitting Republican state senator running on the Democratic line.
But let's say she loses the primary, no worries, she would just run again in November as a Republican. Is your head spinning yet? Good, because now we're going to explain the whole dual realities bit on Lost. Pads and pens ready!


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Welcome to PsychicPeople.Com Australia's first and only psychic chat site offering live psychic chat readings in private chat rooms with over 50 gifted readers from around the world. Now offering sms text readings .Psychics available 24/7, 365 days a year!
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Vivian has an insatiable interest in human consciousness, spirituality, mysticism and energy medicine. She is a Reiki Master Teacher and an Aromatherapist.


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Were you born on or after the historic date in September, 1987, when nations of the world came together to protect the endangered ozone layer?
If so, you have a chance to create a short video about this remarkable environmental achievement -- and win attractive prizes including a trip to Geneva!
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is launching a global video competition for young people to produce a very short video on the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, which celebrates its 25th anniversary in September this year.
The videos should highlight – in an engaging manner – any aspect of the Montreal Protocol and how its implementation has helped protect all life on Earth. It can focus on the local, regional or global levels.
"We invite young people growing up in an ozone-safe world to join us in celebrating this global accomplishment, which has been described as the single most successful international environmental agreement to date," said Mr Marco Gonzalez, Executive Secretary of UNEP's Ozone Secretariat, who is launching this competition today at the VolvoAdventure Finals, in Gothenburg, Sweden.
UNEP's Ozone Secretariat and OzonAction Programme want young people to make a Public Service Announcement (PSA) on ozone of not longer one and a half minutes in duration. Entries can use live-action, animation, on-screen text or a combination of all these, supported by a soundtrack.
The videos may be in English, or in any other language with English subtitles. Entries without words are also eligible, so long as they convey the relevant messages through images.
The competition is open to nationals of all countries born on or after 16 September 1987. Each person can submit up to two videos.
The videos must be posted to OzonAction's YouTube website at: www.youtube.com/ozonaction
The last date for submitting online entries is 15 October 2012. Detailed entry guidelines are available here.
The global winners, selected by an independent international jury comprising of senior media managers and officers of UNEP Ozone Secretariat and OzonAction Programme, will be announced on 31 October 2012.
The first prize winner will receive an all-expenses-paid roundtrip to Geneva, Switzerland, during the 24th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol which takes place from 12 to 16 November 2012.The second prize will carry a US$500 prize and the third US$300. Seven runners-up will receive UNEP certificates. The top 10 videos will be shown on the Ozone Secretariat's and OzonAction websites for a year. All who enter the competition will receive UNEP's Ozone Secretariat's certificates of participation.
For more information please contact:
Mr Marco Gonzalez, Executive Secretary, UNEP Ozone Secretariat, Tel: +254 20 762 3885, Email: [email protected]
Ms Anne-Maria Fenner, Information Manager, UNEP OzonAction Programme, Tel: +33 1 4437 1454, Email: [email protected].
OzonAction Programme: www.unep.org/ozonaction
Multilateral Fund: www.multilateralfund.org
Ozone Secretariat: www.ozone.unep.org
VolvoAdventure: www.volvoadventure.org
Notes to Editors
On 16 September 2012, countries around the world will celebrate International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer. The day commemorates when the Montreal Protocol was adopted in 1987.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the United Nations system's designated entity for addressing environmental issues at the global and regional level. Its mandate is to coordinate the development of environmental policy consensus by keeping the global environment under review and bringing emerging issues to the attention of governments and the international community for action.
Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of a number of substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletion. The treaty was opened for signature on September 16, 1987 and entered into force on January 1, 1989. Since then, it has undergone five revisions, in 1990 (London), 1992 (Copenhagen), 1995 (Vienna), 1997 (Montreal), and 1999 (Beijing). Due to its widespread adoption and implementation it has been hailed as an example of exceptional international cooperation "Perhaps the single most successful international agreement to date..."
The Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol is managed by an Executive Committee which is responsible for overseeing the operation of the Fund. The Committee comprises seven members from developed and seven members from developing countries. The 2012 Committee membership includes Belgium, Canada, Finland, Japan, Romania, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America (developed countries) and Argentina, China, Cuba, India, Kenya, Jordan and Mali (developing country members) and is chaired by Mr. Xiao Xuezhi (China). The Committee is assisted by the Fund Secretariat which is based in Montreal, Canada.
→ Complete list of Competitions organized by the United Nations System and partners
Source: Online Video Competition for Youth - "Protecting our Atmosphere for Generation to come"
The Brussels based United Nations Regional Information Centre for Western Europe - UNRIC provides information on UN activities to the countries of the region. It also provides liaison with institutions of the European Union in the field of information. Its outreach activities extend to all segments of society and joint campaigns, projects and events are organized with partners including the EU, governments, the media, NGOs, schools and local authorities.
United Nations Regional Information Centre for Western Europe (UNRIC Brussels)
Residence Palace, Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 155, Block C2,7th and 8th floor, Brussels 1040, Belgium
Tel.: +32 2 788 8484 / Fax: 32 2 788 8485


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Gallery Nucleus has released a flyer for its upcoming Harry Potter show
Hot off the digital press! Our Harry Potter Tribute Exhibition flyer is officially completed and ready for print! Designed by Nucleus's very own, Ben Zhu, this flyer seems to capture just about every iconic presence that is Harry Potter!


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Angels eager to unveil triple threat
By JANIE McCAULEY
AP Baseball Writer
TEMPE, Ariz. -- As Josh Hamilton hammed it up with a series of good-natured wisecracks, a serious Albert Pujols sat in silence two seats away, arms crossed.
Mike Trout was in the middle, grinning.
"Hello guy in the booth, what's your name?" Hamilton asked.
"Happy Valentine's Day."
"Do I have time to go to the bathroom?"
The Los Angeles Angels' new slugger might have the biggest personality of this talented trio. Biggest swing? To be determined, though Pujols and Trout aren't about to pick against Hamilton in a home run contest.
Hamilton led an entertaining back-and-forth for 30 minutes Thursday at a cactus-lined hotel perched above the team's spring training site in the Arizona desert.
No joint nickname for these power hitters. Not yet, anyway.
Jered Weaver has no idea how he would pitch to them -- and it's not his problem. For that, he is thankful.
Weaver will get to watch the Angels' big boppers do their thing each day. And he pities the rest of the American League's pitching staffs for having to face this slugging crew.
"I don't have to worry about it, so that's a plus for me," Weaver said. "There's a lot of potent pieces in this puzzle, in this lineup. I feel sorry for opposing pitchers. We're pretty good 1 through 9. You get to not only the top of the lineup but the middle of the lineup and there are still some guys who can hurt you."
The Angels will hold their first full-squad workout Friday at Tempe Diablo Stadium with the three stars together at last. Hamilton, the 2010 AL MVP, received a $125 million, five-year contract in mid-December, a year after Pujols' $240 million, 10-year deal.
Manager Mike Scioscia insists he's not getting too excited until everybody is healthy and in the lineup come opening day, which still feels way off.
Scioscia realizes with his roster, there's no avoiding the constant attention that will be on his club in Orange County considering the high-profile moves and a lineup of stars.
"It's going to be good to get them in the clubhouse," the skipper said before the pitchers and catchers worked out Thursday. "I think we're excited about getting that whole group in here tomorrow and getting started. We know what we need to accomplish in the spring and we're going to focus on that, and from there we're going to look toward opening day once we get through spring. And I think that's when it will hit. Hopefully, you get through spring in one piece and get guys where they need to be and you can watch that lineup play that day and hopefully for a long time from there."
Hamilton and Pujols have more than one thing in common. They both have a strong faith, and have even traded Bible verses at first base.
"He's a great guy. Every time he goes to first base, it seems like he always has a verse for me, `What you got for me?'" Hamilton said.
This spring, Pujols is easing back from arthroscopic right knee surgery in October, but plans to be full strength by opening day.
Hamilton has maintained his weight at 225 pounds, where he ended last season. He cut out bread and gluten, then added juice drinks.
"Don't use a headline `Hamilton juicing,' " he quipped. "I already feel better. My joints feel better, energy level's up, caffeine's down. I didn't lose any weight, I just didn't gain any."
Scioscia has thought about lineups with Hamilton batting second but plans to go with Pujols in the No. 3 slot and Hamilton cleanup to best take advantage of Pujols' on-base percentage.
"Right now to try and lengthen our lineup out to where we want to be, it makes more sense to have him in the cleanup spot and we'll adjust as our offense evolves, if we have to," Scioscia said.
The Angles are in a must-win now mode after an 89-73 season in 2012 for a third-place finish in the AL West and a third straight year out of the playoffs.
"There's been some big expectations the past couple years," said Weaver, coming off a career-best 20-5 season. "They always say, `There's always next year,' and next year is here."
The Angels are counting on the addition of Hamilton to get them off to a fast start after beginning 6-14 last spring and then enduring a 5-13 funk in the first 19 days of August.
"We can't have that one little hiccup at the beginning of the year and find ourselves scoreboard watching," Trout said.
Hamilton fills a void in center field left by the departure of clubhouse leader Torii Hunter. Trout will shift to left, and said that's fine with him if it helps the Angels become a contender again.
The 31-year-old Hamilton hit a career-high 43 home runs last season and batted .285 with 128 RBIs in 148 games.
"Josh was a little streaky last year, but still the numbers are there and that threat's there and that production is there," Scioscia said. "And that's going to be huge for us."
Pujols certainly will be looking to boost his April numbers and be more consistent.
He batted .190 with no homers in April last year, then finished with a .285 average with 30 homers, 50 doubles and 105 RBIs. Trout, meanwhile, produced one of the most impressive rookie seasons ever. He led the AL in runs (129) and stolen bases (49), hit 30 homers with 83 RBIs and finished second in the batting race at .326 behind Triple Crown winner Miguel Cabrera.
"Last year was last year. Let's talk about 2013," Pujols said. "I'm one of those guys I don't like to look for excuses. Sometimes you try to press, that's human nature. If you don't do that, you aren't human."
If all goes as Scioscia envisions it, Pujols and Hamilton will provide the kind of middle-of-the-order punch the Tigers have in Cabrera and Prince Fielder.
"We hope, much along the lines of what you saw with Prince Fielder and Miguel Cabrera, those two guys in the middle of the order fed off each other and really formed an incredible middle of the lineup," Scioscia said. "And I think we have the potential to do that with Josh and Albert. I do think those guys are going to get comfortable, feed off each other and be productive."
Their bond might go deeper than just on the field, too.
Hamilton, who has acknowledged he will always be an addict, believes he has already begun to build a reliable support system like the one he had the past five years in Texas.
"Moving to a new city it's important to have someone hold you accountable," he said. "You find guys who you put in your circle."
On Thursday, Hamilton only had to look to his left and see Trout and Pujols. Clearly, two guys he can count on.
Pujols makes it clear the Angels won't get ahead of themselves at this early stage, even if the end goal is getting back to the playoffs.
"There's no guarantee to us," he said. "Let's concentrate on today."


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Home What's New? Chain Mail PLUS Bracelets Earrings Necklaces Beads Jump Rings Leather Cord Metals Peyote Stitch TierraCast Tools X-Stitch
10mm (3/8 Inch) Rope Jump Rings
(sawcut round open anodized aluminum)
Item Description
10mm (3/8") ID Rope Pattern Jump Rings are large jump rings with a rope like pattern impressed on the side of the rings. This makes the wire slightly compressed side to side (not quite perfectly round) as well as having a half hard temper. These rings are made with 1.85mm thick wire (13 Gauge AWG) with an aspect ratio of 5.3. The aspect ratio should be considered approximate since the wire is not perfectly round. The outside diameter (OD) is 13.9mm.
Item Specs:
- 13 AWG Open Jump Rings
- Saw Cut Anodized Aluminum
- Ring diameter (ID) 3/8"
ID (mm) 10.1 - ID (in) .40
OD (mm) 13.9 - OD (in) .55
Aspect Ratio (AR) 5.3 Approx
What is...?
Gauge - GA - AWG - this is the thickness of the wire. Most jump rings are manufactured using standard wire that is measured in gauges. We list our wire and jump rings using the AWG or American Wire Gauge system.
ID - inside diameter - measurement of the closed jump ring from inside edge to inside edge across the center.
OD - outside diameter - measurement of the closed jump ring from the outside edge to outside edge across the center.
AR - Aspect Ratio - specific to chainmail designs measures the inside diameter (ID) of the jump ring by the thickness (Gauge) of the wire or AR = ID / GA. This is a guideline measurement to determine whether a certain size jump ring will work with the weave you plan to use.
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This one, called Living in Emacs (PDF), covers the very basics of using Emacs as your working environment:
Getting started with Emacs requires navigating a steep learning curve. Our goal is to help you past the initially unfamiliar interface so that the power and utility of Emacs become apparent. Then you'll be ready to explore further on your own, following up on the resources and tips at the end of the tutorial.
The 25-pages long tutorial closes with a good piece of advice:
Use Emacs. Live in it for a while, learn to love it a little bit. Like any complex program, it will take time for you to fully grok it, but the effort's worthwhile: you'll have become fluent in one of the most common UNIX programming utilities and picked up a fundamentally marketable skill to boot!
Worth a look if you're just getting started.


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Renal Fanconi syndrome: Failure of the tubules in the kidney to reabsorb small molecules, causing increased urinary loss of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, bicarbonate), minerals, glucose, amino acids, and water. These losses results in polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive intake of fluid), dehydration (from the excess urination) hypophosphatemic rickets (due to loss of phosphate in the urine), and growth retardation (due to the renal disease). Treatment is by replacing the renal losses and supplementing with citrate to alkalinize the blood. Phosphate replacement prevents and heals the rickets. Vitamin D helps the intestinal absorption of phosphate.
The syndrome is named for the Swiss pediatrician, Guido Fanconi, who also first reported Fanconi anemia.