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Game of Thrones is an American fantasy television series produced by the HBO cable network. It is based on the novel series A Song of Ice and Fire, written by George R.R. Martin who serves as a producer, creative consultant and scriptwriter on the television series. David Benioff and D.B. Weiss created the television series and serve as executive producers, showrunners and the main writers.
To date, the series consists of three transmitted seasons comprising thirty episodes in total. A fourth season made up of an additional ten episodes has been shot and will be broadcast in 2014. Future seasons have been planned but not yet confirmed. Production of the series is based in Belfast, Northern Ireland, mainly at the Paint Hall Studios. It is the largest and most expensive television production ever mounted in Northern Ireland. Filming for the series has also taken place in Malta, Iceland, Croatia and Morocco.
The show is expected to last for seven seasons in total.[1]
Production history
See the production timeline for a more detailed history of the show's development and production.
David Benioff was sent a collection of the first four novels in the series (A Game of Thrones, A Clash of Kings, A Storm of Swords and A Feast for Crows) by George R.R. Martin's agent. Initially sceptical of the fantasy genre, Benioff became a big fan of the books and invited his friend D.B. Weiss to develop the project with him for a screen adaptation. They initially considered a movie adaption, but realized this would mean losing most of the plot and characters from the books. Instead, they began working on an adaptation for television. They met with George R.R. Martin and spent several hours discussing the project. Martin was impressed with their enthusiasm and that they had already worked out the resolutions to several key mysteries in the books. He agreed with them that the series was a good fit for the cable company HBO, which Martin was already a big fan of.
HBO agreed to option the project in 2007 and active development of a pilot script began. However, this was delayed by the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. In October 2008 HBO exercised its option to buy the rights to the series and ordered a pilot episode a few weeks later. Casting announcements were made throughout 2009, with Peter Dinklage the first actor formally announced for the series. The pilot episode was filmed in Northern Ireland and Morocco in October and November 2009.
HBO officially greenlit the series on 2 March 2010. Filming of Season 1 began on 23 July, with Malta replacing Morocco for overseas filming. Several actors from the pilot were recast, requiring the re-filming of most of the first episode. The season wrapped filming on 15 December. HBO later confirmed that the first season had a budget of $60 million. The first season aired on HBO on 17 April-19 June 2011, garnering critical acclaim and steadily rising ratings. HBO confirmed after the transmission of the first episode that a second season had been commissioned.
Production of Season 2 began on 25 July 2011 and wrapped on 12 December. Malta was dropped as a filming location, replaced by Croatia, whilst additional filming took place in Iceland. The budget for Season 2 was 15% higher than Season 1, necessitated by the addition more ambitious effects sequences and the use of CGI creatures such as direwolves and dragons. The second season aired from 1 April to 3 June 2012, garnering additional critical acclaim and increased ratings. By the end of the second season, the show had become the third-most-successful series in HBO's history, behind only The Sopranos and True Blood. In addition, the DVD and Blu-ray set of Season 1 was released just prior to transmission of Season 2 and immediately became HBO's fastest-selling media release in its history.
Production of Season 3 began on 10 July 2012 and wrapped on 24 November. Morocco was added to the filming roster alongside Croatia, Iceland and Northern Ireland, with the complexities of filming requiring the addition of a third filming unit to the existing two. An additional scene was shot in Los Angeles for safety reasons, meaning that Season 3 was filmed in five separate countries on three continents. The season aired from 31 March to 2 June 2013. The penultimate episode The Rains of Castamere won widespread critical acclaim for its shock twist ending. By the end of the season the show had supplanted True Blood as the second-most successful HBO show in the United States and The Sopranos as its most successful series worldwide.
Production of Season 4 began on 8 July 2013 and concluded on 21 November. Production was more focused this season, with only two units used and filming restricted to Northern Ireland, Iceland and Croatia. This was to allow more of the budget to be concentrated on several major action and effects sequences late in the season.
A fifth season is anticipated, but will not be formally confirmed until after the fourth season begins transmission.
With 250 speaking roles, almost 90 of them named, the cast was the largest ever assembled for the debut season of a HBO project. The cast grew even larger in the second and third seasons.
The cast includes Sean Bean as Lord Eddard Stark, Peter Dinklage as Tyrion Lannister, Mark Addy as King Robert Baratheon, Kit Harington as Jon Snow, Lena Headey as Cersei Lannister, Nikolaj Coster-Waldau as Jaime Lannister, Harry Lloyd as Viserys Targaryen, Richard Madden as Robb Stark, Charles Dance as Tywin Lannister, Aidan Gillen as Petyr Baelish, Alfie Allen as Theon Greyjoy, Conleth Hill as Varys, Rory McCann as Sandor Clegane, Jerome Flynn as Bronn, John Bradley-West as Samwell Tarly, Iain Glen as Jorah Mormont, James Cosmo as Jeor Mormont, Sibel Kekilli as Shae and Jason Momoa as Khal Drogo. The cast is also notable for including a number of teenage and child actors in prominent roles: Sophie Turner as Sansa Stark, Maisie Williams as Arya Stark, Isaac Hempstead-Wright as Bran Stark, Art Parkinson as Rickon Stark and Jack Gleeson as Joffrey Baratheon.
Jennifer Ehle was initially cast as Catelyn Stark, but after filming the pilot HBO decided to recast the role with Michelle Fairley. No further details have been given for the reason behind this decision, except that it was amicable. In a similar manner, Tamzin Merchant was initially cast as Daenerys Targaryen, but after filming the pilot she was replaced by newcomer Emilia Clarke.
For the second season, a number of new characters were introduced, including Stephen Dillane as Lord Stannis Baratheon, Carice van Houten as Melisandre, Liam Cunningham as Davos Seaworth, Natalie Dormer as Margaery Tyrell and Michael McElhatton as Roose Bolton.
For the third season, the cast was further swelled with additions, including Diana Rigg as Olenna Tyrell, Tobias Menzies as Edmure Tully, Clive Russell as Brynden Tully, Ciaran Hinds as Mance Rayder and Mackenzie Crook as Orell.
The series is set on a world where the seasons can last for years at a time. The main setting is the continent of Westeros, which was home to seven feuding kingdoms until they were united by the Targaryen family using dragons some three centuries ago. The dragons died out and the Targaryen Mad King was unseated in a civil war led by Lords Robert Baratheon and Eddard Stark, seventeen years before the series opens. Robert has ruled as King ever since, but when the series opens his rule is increasingly undermined by other factions. At the same time, two surviving Targaryen children, having grown to adulthood in exile on the eastern continent of Essos, are now planning to return and retake the Iron Throne, and to this end are seeking a military alliance with other factions.
As both civil war and an external invasion threaten Westeros, another danger arises in the lands to the far north, beyond the vast Wall that forms the realm's northern border, where a supernatural threat believed to be mythical seems to be stirring after millennia of sleep. The only defence lies with the Night's Watch, an under-manned, under-funded order of soldiers once held in honor but now used as a dumping ground for criminals and exiles.
The Great Houses
Westeros is ruled by nine noble houses, who in turn command hundreds of lesser vassal houses. Each of the Great Houses rules a large region and commands significant armies and power in their own right. A list of the Great Houses and some of their more significant vassals follows:
- House Baratheon of Storm's End: rulers of the Stormlands and, since the civil war, the whole of Westeros. Led by King Robert Baratheon and his brothers, Stannis and Renly.
- House Stark of Winterfell: rulers of the North, the largest region of the continent. Led by Lord Eddard Stark.
- House Bolton of the Dreadfort: vassals of the Starks who rule over the eastern lands of the North. Noted for their love of flaying people alive. Led by Lord Roose Bolton.
- House Umber of the Last Hearth: vassals of the Starks who rule over the lands between Winterfell and the Wall. Led by Lord Greatjon Umber.
- House Karstark of Karhold: vassals of the Starks who rule over the north-eastern lands of the North. Led by Lord Rickard Karstark.
- House Glover of Deepwood Motte: vassals of the Starks who rule over the north-western lands of the North. Led by Lord Galbart Glover.
- House Mormont of Bear Island: vassals of the Starks who rule over Bear Island. Led by Lady Maege Mormont.
- House Reed of Greywater Watch: vassals of the Starks who rule over the southern-most parts of the North. Led by Lord Howland Reed.
- House Lannister of Casterly Rock: rulers of the Westerlands. Richest house in Westeros. Led by Lord Tywin Lannister.
- House Clegane of Clegane's Keep: a house of landed knights in the service of the Lannisters. Led by Ser Gregor Clegane, the Mountain.
- House Arryn of the Eyrie: rulers of the Vale of Arryn. A house noted for its chivalry. Led by the young Lord Robin Arryn.
- House Tyrell of Highgarden: rulers of the Reach, a vast, fertile region in the south of Westeros. The most populous region of the continent and able to field the largest armies. Led by Lord Mace Tyrell.
- House Tully of Riverrun: rulers of the Riverlands, the well-traveled central region of the continent. Led by Lord Hoster Tully.
- House Frey of the Twins: vassals of the Tullys who hold the only major crossing of the Green Fork of the Trident. Noted for their large numbers and tendency to always pick the winning side. Led by the ancient Lord Walder Frey.
- House Bracken of Stone Hedge: loyal vassals of the Tullys, noted for their prickly relationship with their neighbours, the Blackwoods. Led by Lord Jonos Bracken.
- House Greyjoy of Pyke: rulers of the Iron Islands off the west coast of the continent. The ironborn are fierce and independently-minded, but a recent attempt to rebel against the Iron Throne was defeated. Led by Lord Balon Greyjoy.
- House Martell of Sunspear: rulers of Dorne, the southern-most region of the continent. Separated from the rest of Westeros by extensive mountains and a sea, the Dornish mostly keep to themselves. Led by Prince Doran Martell.
- House Targaryen: the former rulers of Westeros before Robert's Rebellion. The family is now destroyed and its survivors are exiles in the far east, searching for support to retake their birthright. Led by Viserys Targaryen, the Beggar King.
This list of characters describes their location and status as of the first episode of the series.
House Stark
- Main article: House Stark
- Sean Bean as Lord Eddard Stark, Lord of Winterfell.
- Michelle Fairley as Lady Catelyn Stark, originally of House Tully.
- Richard Madden as Robb Stark, Eddard's eldest son and heir.
- Sophie Turner as Sansa Stark, Eddard's eldest daughter.
- Maisie Williams as Arya Stark, Eddard's youngest daughter.
- Isaac Hempstead-Wright as Bran Stark, Eddard's middle son.
- Art Parkinson as Rickon Stark, Eddard's youngest son.
- Kit Harington as Jon Snow, Eddard's bastard son by an unknown mother.
- Joseph Mawle as Benjen Stark, Eddard's younger brother, First Ranger of the Night's Watch.
Retainers at Winterfell
- Alfie Allen as Theon Greyjoy, a ward and hostage for his rebellious father's good behavior.
- Ron Donachie as Ser Rodrik Cassel, master of arms.
- Jamie Sives as Jory Cassel, Rodrik's nephew, captain of the guards.
- Phil Dixon as Tomard, a guardsman.
- Graham Charles as Varly, a guardsman.
- Donald Sumpter as Maester Luwin, a maester of the Citadel.
- Kristian Nairn as Hodor, a simple stableboy.
- Margaret John as Old Nan, a retired servant and Hodor's great-grandmother.
- Susan Brown as Septa Mordane, a religious tutor and governess to Arya and Sansa.
- Esme Bianco as Ros, a prostitute working in Winterfell's outlying town.
Vassals and allies of House Stark
- Clive Mantle as Lord Greatjon Umber, Lord of Last Hearth, a loyal vassal of House Stark.
- Mark Coney as Lord Galbart Glover, Lord of Deepwood Motte, a vassal of House Stark.
- Steven Blount (Season 1)/John Stahl (Season 2) as Lord Rickard Karstark, Lord of Karhold, a vassal and distant kinsman of House Stark.
- Thomas Brodie-Sangster as Jojen Reed, the son and heir of Lord Howland Reed, one of Eddard Stark's closest friends and allies.
- Ellie Kendrick as Meera Reed, Jojen's older sister.
House Bolton and retainers
- Michael McElhatton as Lord Roose Bolton, Lord of the Dreadfort, a vassal of Eddard Stark.
- Iwan Rheon as Ramsay Snow, Lord Roose's bastard son.
- Noah Taylor as Locke, a vassal and hunter in Lord Bolton's service.
- Charlotte Hope as Myranda, a prostitute at the Dreadfort.
House Lannister
- Main article: House Lannister
- Charles Dance as Lord Tywin Lannister, the widowed patriarch of House Lannister and father of Jaime, Cersei and Tyrion.
- Lena Headey as Queen Cersei Lannister, Queen of the Seven Kingdoms, twin sister of Jaime, mother of Joffrey, Myrcella and Tommen.
- Nikolaj Coster-Waldau as Ser Jaime Lannister, a knight of the Kingsguard, twin brother of Cersei.
- Peter Dinklage as Tyrion Lannister, Cersei and Jaime's younger brother, called the Imp for his size.
- Ian Gelder as Ser Kevan Lannister, Lord Tywin's younger brother and closest adviser.
- Eugene Simon as Lancel Lannister, Ser Kevan's son, a squire to King Robert.
- Karl Davies as Alton Lannister, a distant cousin of the main branch of the family.
Vassals and allies of House Lannister
- Daniel Portman as Podrick Payne, a squire, a member of one of the Lannisters' vassal families.
- Fintan McKeown as Ser Amory Lorch, a loyal vassal and retainer of House Lannister.
- Rory McCann as Sandor Clegane, Prince Joffrey's bodyguard and sworn sword, long in the service of House Lannister.
- Conan Stevens (Season 1)/Ian Whyte (Season 2)/Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson (Season 4) as Ser Gregor Clegane, Sandor Clegane's brother and the most feared knight in Westeros, known as 'Lord Tywin's Mad Dog'.
- Anthony Morris as the Tickler, a noted interrogator and torturer in the service of Ser Gregor Clegane.
- Vinnie McCabe as Lord Leo Lefford, a Lannister bannerman.
House Baratheon
- Main article: House Baratheon
- Mark Addy as King Robert Baratheon, King of the Seven Kingdoms.
- Jack Gleeson as Prince Joffrey Baratheon, King Robert's eldest son and heir.
- Aimee Richardson as Myrcella Baratheon, King Robert's eldest daughter.
- Callum Wharry as Tommen Baratheon, King Robert's youngest son.
- Gethin Anthony as Lord Renly Baratheon, King Robert's youngest brother, Lord of Storm's End.
- Stephen Dillane as Lord Stannis Baratheon, King Robert's middle brother, Lord of Dragonstone.
- Tara Fitzgerald as Lady Selyse Baratheon, Lord Stannis's wife, originally of House Florent.
- Kerry Ingram as Shireen Baratheon, Lord Stannis's daughter and only child.
Vassals and allies of House Baratheon
- Carice van Houten as Melisandre, Lord Stannis's adviser, a red priestess.
- Liam Cunningham as Ser Davos Seaworth, a former smuggler, now Lord Stannis' most loyal vassal.
- Kerr Logan as Matthos Seaworth, Ser Davos's son.
- Oliver Ford Davies as Maester Cressen, Lord Stannis's maester.
- Lucian Msamati as Salladhor Saan, a freesail in Stannis's employ.
- Gordon Mahn as Ser Imry Florent, a knight sworn to Stannis's service.
- Gwendoline Christie as Brienne of Tarth, a fierce warrior from the Stormlands.
- Robert Sterne as the Royal Steward, a courtier in the service of Robert Baratheon in King's Landing.
- Rhodri Hosking as Mycah, son of a butcher in King Robert's retinue.
House Arryn and retainers
- Main article: House Arryn
- Sir John Standing as Lord Jon Arryn, Lord of the Eyrie and the King's Hand.
- Kate Dickie as Lady Lysa Arryn, originally of House Tully, Catelyn Stark's sister.
- Lino Facioli as Robin Arryn, Lord Jon's only surviving son and heir.
- Brendan McCormack as Ser Vardis Egen, the captain of the Eyrie's household guards.
- Ciaran Birmingham as Mord, the Eyrie's chief gaoler.
- Jefferson Hall as Ser Hugh of the Vale, Lord Jon's former squire.
- Rupert Vansittart as Lord Yohn Royce, one of the Arryns' most stalwart vassals and supporters.
- Paola Dionisotti as Lady Anya Waynwood, one of the Arryns' vassals.
- Alisdair Simpson as Ser Donnel Waynwood, the Knight of the Gate.
House Tyrell and retainers
- Main article: House Tyrell
- Roger Ashton-Griffiths as Lord Mace Tyrell, Lord of Highgarden and the Reach. The son of Olenna Redwyne and the father of Loras and Margaery.
- Finn Jones as Ser Loras Tyrell, Lord Renly Baratheon's former squire and a famous tourney knight.
- Natalie Dormer as Margaery Tyrell, Loras's sister.
- Dame Diana Rigg as Olenna Redwyne, nicknamed the Queen of Thorns, the mother of Mace, grandmother of Loras and Margaery and matriarch of the family.
House Greyjoy and retainers
- Main article: House Greyjoy
- Patrick Malahide as Lord Balon Greyjoy, Lord of Pyke, father of Theon Greyjoy.
- Gemma Whelan as Yara Greyjoy, the only daughter of Lord Balon.
- Forbes KB as Lorren, a noted raider and reaver in the service of House Greyjoy.
- Ralph Ineson as Dagmer, a noted raider, reaver and ship captain in the service of House Greyjoy.
House Tully and retainers
- Main article: House Tully
- Tobias Menzies as Ser Edmure Tully, the son and heir of the ailing Lord Hoster Tully and the brother of Lady Catelyn Stark.
- Clive Russell as Ser Brynden Tully, Lord Hoster's younger brother, a famous knight known as "The Blackfish".
- Gerry O'Brien as Lord Jonos Bracken, Lord of Stone Hedge, a vassal of House Tully.
- Kevin Keenan as Kurleket, a man-at-arms to House Bracken, a vassal of House Tully.
- Ryan McKenna as Ser Willis Wode, a sworn sword of House Whent, a vassal of House Tully.
House Frey and retainers
- David Bradley as Lord Walder Frey, Lord of the Twins, an old and prickly vassal of House Tully, past ninety years of age.
- Kelly Long as Joyeuse Erenford, Walder Frey's newest wife.
- Tim Plester as "Black Walder" Frey, the great-grandson of Walder Frey and a noted warrior with a hot temper.
- Alexandra Dowling as Roslin Frey, one of Lord Frey's youngest daughters.
- Elizabeth Webster as Fat Walda Frey, one of Lord Frey's granddaughters.
House Martell and retainers
- Main article: House Martell
- Pedro Pascal as Prince Oberyn Martell, popularly known as the Red Viper. The younger brother of the ruling Prince Doran Martell of Dorne.
- Indira Varma as Ellaria Sand, Oberyn's paramour and mother to several of his children.
- Daniel Rabin as Lord Blackmont, a senior vassal of the Martells.
In the Riverlands
- Main article: Riverlands
- Susie Kelly as Masha Heddle, the innkeeper of the Crossroads Inn.
- Jerome Flynn as Bronn, a sellsword met at the Crossroads Inn.
- Emun Elliott as Marillion, a singer and troubadour met at the Crossroads Inn.
- Sibel Kekilli as Shae, a camp-follower and prostitute attached to the Lannister army.
- Mark Lewis Jones as Shagga, a warrior clan chief from the Mountains of the Moon.
- Oona Chaplin as Talisa Maegyr, a battlefield doctor.
- Paul Kealyn as Weasel, a worker at Harrenhal.
- Paul Kaye as Thoros of Myr, a red priest, warrior, famed drinker and friend of King Robert.
- Philip McGinley as Anguy, an exceptionally-skilled archer.
- Anton Lesser as Qyburn, a disgraced maester.
In King's Landing
- Aidan Gillen as Lord Petyr 'Littlefinger' Baelish, the Master of Coin on the king's small council.
- Julian Glover as Grand Maester Pycelle, the master of wisdom on the king's small council.
- Conleth Hill as Varys, the Master of Whisperers on the king's small council.
- Ian McElhinney as Lord Commander Barristan Selmy, the head of the Kingsguard.
- Ian Beattie as Ser Meryn Trant, a knight of the Kingsguard.
- James Doran as Ser Mandon Moore, a knight of the Kingsguard.
- Wilko Johnson as Ser Ilyn Payne, the king's headsman and executioner.
- David Michael Scott (Season 1)/Richard Dormer (Season 3) as Lord Beric Dondarrion, a young lord and popular tourney knight.
- Dominic Carter as Commander Janos Slynt, the commander of the City Watch.
- Miltos Yerolemou as Syrio Forel, a master swordsman from Braavos.
- Andrew Wilde as Tobho Mott, a master armorer and smith.
- Joe Dempsie as Gendry, Mott's apprentice.
- Antonia Christophers as Mhaegen, a prostitute.
- Sahara Knite as Armeca, a prostitute.
- Emily Diamond as a prostitute.
- Josephine Gillan as Marei, a prostitute.
- Will Tudor as Olyvar, a male prostitute and spy.
- Pixie Le Knot as Kayla, a prostitute and contortionist.
- Eros Vlahos as Lommy Greenhands, a dyer's apprentice.
- Ben Hawkey as Hot Pie, a baker's apprentice.
- Andy Beckwith as Rorge, a street criminal imprisoned in the Red Keep.
- Gerard Jordan as Biter, a street criminal imprisoned in the Red Keep.
- Hugo Culverhouse as a stableboy in the Red Keep.
- Tom Wlaschiha as Jaqen H'ghar, a prisoner in the Red Keep.
- Roy Dotrice as Wisdom Hallyne, the head of the Alchemists' Guild.
- Simon Fisher-Becker as the High Septon, the head of the Faith of the Seven.
- Tony Way as Ser Dontos Hollard, a knight in service to the crown.
- Mark Gatiss as Tycho Nestoris, a representative of the Iron Bank of Braavos to the Iron Throne.
In the Night's Watch
- Main article: Night's Watch
- James Cosmo as Lord Commander Jeor Mormont, commander of the Night's Watch.
- Owen Teale as Ser Alliser Thorne, in charge of training new recruits.
- Peter Vaughan as Maester Aemon, Lord Mormont's closest adviser.
- Brian Fortune as Bowen Marsh, the First Steward of the Watch.
- Dennis McKeever as Othell Yarwyck, the First Builder of the Watch.
- Jeffrey O'Brien as Ser Jaremy Rykker, an officer in the rangers.
- Francis Magee as Yoren, a recruiter for the Watch.
- John Bradley-West as Samwell Tarly, a nobleman's son, a fresh recruit to the Wall.
- Josef Altin as Pypar, a fresh recruit to the Watch, a former actor.
- Mark Stanley as Grenn, a fresh recruit to the Watch.
- Luke McEwan as Rast, a fresh recruit to the Watch, arrested for rape.
- Rob Ostlere as Ser Waymar Royce, a newcomer to the Watch, a skilled knight.
- Dermot Keaney as Gared, an experienced ranger.
- Bronson Webb as Will, an experienced ranger and scout.
- Ben Crompton as Eddison Tollett, a squire, noted for his pessimistic sense of humor.
- Simon Armstrong as Qhorin Halfhand, an elite scout from the Shadow Tower and one of the Watch's most respected rangers.
- Burn Gorman as Karl, a ranger.
- Natalia Tena as Osha, a wildling warrior-woman.
- Stephen Don as Stiv, a former member of the Watch who has turned his cloak.
- Robert Pugh as Craster, a wildling whose keep provides a safehaven for rangers of the Watch.
- Hannah Murray as Gilly, one of Craster's daughters.
- Rose Leslie as Ygritte, a wildling warrior-woman in the service of Mance Rayder.
- Edward Dogliani as Lord of Bones, a famed wildling warrior and leader of men, a fierce enemy of the Night's Watch.
- Mackenzie Crook as Orell, a sinister wildling with unnatural powers.
- Kristofer Hivju as Tormund Giantsbane, a charismatic wildling leader.
- Ciarán Hinds as Mance Rayder, the King-Beyond-the-Wall, the leader of all the wildlings by acclamation.
- Yuri Kolokolnikov as Styr, the Magnar of Thenn.
In Pentos and Vaes Dothrak
- Harry Lloyd as Viserys Targaryen, an exiled Targaryen claimant to the Iron Throne.
- Emilia Clarke as Daenerys Targaryen, Viserys's younger sister.
- Iain Glen as Ser Jorah Mormont, a knight of Westeros, exiled by Lord Eddard Stark.
- Jason Momoa as Khal Drogo, a warlord of the Dothraki.
- Roger Allam as Illyrio Mopatis, a magister of the Free City of Pentos.
- Dar Salim as Qotho, one of Drogo's bloodriders.
- Ivailo Dimitrov as Mago, a Dothraki warrior.
- Elyes Gabel as Rakharo, a Dothraki warrior in Daenerys's service as a bodyguard.
- Steven Cole as Kovarro, a Dothraki warrior.
- Amrita Acharia as Irri, a handmaiden gifted to Daenerys.
- Roxanne McKee as Doreah, a servant and adviser gifted to Daenerys.
- Sarita Piotrowski as Jhiqui, a handmaiden gifted to Daenerys.
- Rania Zouari as a Pentoshi servant in Illyrio's manse.
- Simon Lowe as a wineseller in Vaes Dothrak.
In Lhazar
- Mia Soteriou as Mirri Maz Duur, a healer of the Lhazareen people.
In Qarth
- Nonso Anozie as Xaro Xhoan Daxos, a merchant lord of Qarth.
- Ian Hanmore as Pyat Pree, a warlock of Qarth.
- Laura Pradelska as Quaithe, a priestess of the Shadow Lands resident in Qarth.
- Nicholas Blane as the Spice King, the leader of the spice merchants of Qarth.
In Astapor and Yunkai
- Nathalie Emmanuel as Missandei, a slave and translator working in the city of Astapor.
- Dan Hildebrand as Kraznys mo Nakloz, a slave-trader and immensely rich merchant in Astapor.
- Ramon Tikaram as Prendahl na Ghezn, a mercenary commander.
- Ed Skrein (Season 3)/Michiel Huisman (Season 4) as Daario Naharis, a charismatic mercenary.
- Jacob Anderson as Grey Worm, a warrior-eunuch of the Unsullied.
In Meereen
- Joel Fry as Hizdahr zo Loraq, a lord of Meereen.
- David Benioff - writer/executive producer.
- D.B. Weiss - writer/executive producer.
- George R.R. Martin - writer/executive producer.
- Guymon Cassidy - executive producer.
- Carolyn Strauss - executive producer.
- Ralph Vincinaza - executive producer.
- Vincent Gerardis - executive producer.
- Frank Doelger - producer.
- Mark Huffam - producer
- Thomas McCarthy - director (pilot).
- Sean Bobbitt - director of photography.
- Sean Guest - 1st assistant director.
- Tatiana S. Riegel - editor.
- Gemma Jackson - production designer.
- Michele Clapton - costume designer.
- Marisa Clayton - digital post-production.
- Julia Frey - production supervisor/location scout (pilot).
- Robert Stromberg - VFX supervisor (pilot).
- Ramin Djawadi - music (series).
- Buster Reeves - stunt work (pilot).
- Corvus Corax - music (Winterfell feast scene).
- Nina Gold - London casting director.
- Amy Berman & Carrie Frazier - Los Angeles casting directors.
- Michelle Taylor Spellman - Los Angeles casting associate.
- Kerry Barden & Paul Schnee - New York casting directors.
- Allison Estrin - New York casting associate.
- David Benioff & D.B. Weiss: episodes 1-3, 5, 7, 9-12, 15, 17-18, 20-21, 23-24, 26, 28-31, 33, 35, 37-40.
- Bryan Cogman: episodes 4, 13, 25, 34 and 36.
- Jane Espenson: episode 6.
- George R.R. Martin: episodes 8, 19, 27 and 32.
- Vanessa Taylor: episode 14, 16 and 22.
- Thomas McCarthy: pilot episode (unscreened).
- Tim Van Patten: episodes 1-2.
- Brian Kirk: episodes 3-5.
- Daniel Minahan: episodes 6-8, 21-22.
- Alan Taylor: episodes 9-12, 18 & 20.
- Alik Sakharov: episodes 13, 26, 36-37.
- David Petrarca: episodes 14-15.
- David Nutter: episodes 16-17, 29-30.
- Neil Marshall: episodes 19 & 39.
- David Benioff: episodes 23 & 31.
- Alex Graves: episodes 24-25, 32-33, 38 & 40.
- Michelle MacLaren: episodes 27-28, 34-35.
Filming locations
Northern Ireland
- The Paint Hall Studios in Belfast is being used for all primary interior sets.
- Location filming for the prologue and the discovery of the direwolf cubs took place at Tollymore Forest Park near Newcastle in County Down.
- Location filming for some exteriors near Winterfell, including the execution in Season 1 Episode 1 of Will, who fled the Night's Watch, took place at Cairncastle in County Antrim.
- Location filming for some courtyard scenes at Winterfell, including Tommen and Bran's practice bout, took place at Castle Ward in County Down.
- The Clanranald Trust's 'Combat International' team have confirmed they will be taking part in the production for some scenes that will be filmed at a castle in Scotland. Doune Castle, used for some scenes in the movie Monty Python and the Holy Grail, is being used for some scenes involving guardsmen displaying the livery of House Lannister, suggesting that it will be used to depict the courtyard of Winterfell. Filming of the pilot began at Doune Castle on 24 October.
Morocco (pilot only)
- Morocco was used for the filming of the scenes involving Daenerys and Viserys Targaryen in Pentos. Some of the castle sets constructed for the movie Kingdom of Heaven were also reused for the project.
- Atlas Studios and some other locations at Ouarzazate are the primary locations where filming took place in Morocco.
Filming dates
- The pilot was originally expected to be filmed between 12 October and 6 November 2009, but there was a two-week delay in pre-production. A read-through of the script was held on 12 October 2009. Production and on-location rehearsals began on 24 October. Filming commenced on 26 October and concluded on 19 November.
- Scenes at Doune Castle were filmed on 26–27 October 2009 and are believed to include the Winterfell feast to celebrate King Robert's visit. Some filming was also done in the courtyard.
- The prologue was filmed on 29 October 2009 at Tollymore Forest Park.
- Filming at Cairncastle took place on 2 November 2009, including the scene of Gared's execution and finding the dead direwolf in the snow.
- Filming of the scene between Ros, Tyrion and Jaime in King's Landing was filmed on or prior to 3 November 2009, possibly at the Paint Hall studios.
- Filming at Castle Ward took place on 5 November 2009, including the scenes of Tommen and Bran sparring and Sandor and Joffrey insulting Rodrik and Robb.
- The UK filming bloc was expected to last for 18 days, suggesting that it would finish around 12 November 2009. George R.R. Martin confirmed on his blog that after this date production would move to Morocco for the remainder of the shoot.
- Daenerys and Khal Drogo's wedding was filmed on 16 November 2009.
- Production of the rest of Season 1, including reshoots on the pilot, commenced on 23 July 2010 and ran through 18 December 2010. Filming took place in Northern Ireland and Malta.
- Production of Season 2 ran from 25 July 2011 to 12 December 2011. Filming took place in Northern Ireland, Iceland and Croatia (replacing Malta).
- Production of Season 3 ran from 10 July to 24 November 2012, with Morocco added to the filming roster. An additional scene was also shot in Los Angeles, meaning that filming for Season 3 took place in five countries and on three continents.
- Production of Season 4 ran from 8 July to 21 November 2013. Filming took place in Northern Ireland, Iceland and Croatia, with Morocco dropped. Filming in Iceland was expanded to encompass locations in the south of Westeros as well as beyond the Wall, and took place earlier in the schedule to allow for more filming time.
External links
- Winter is Coming - a blog dedicated to covering all developments on the production as they happen.
- Westeros.org - a subset of the Westeros.org website which covers developments on the series.
- Game of Thrones Tour Belfast - A tour of filming locations in Belfast Northern Ireland.


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text:
U.S. Monetary Policy Forum
Washington, D.C.
March 9, 2007
In these brief remarks, I'm going to explore the implications of two significant developments in financial markets for central bank, and in particular Federal Reserve, responsibilities. The two phenomena I intend to consider are (1) heightened competition in the domestic financial environment, as evidenced by a proliferation of institutions, instruments and new markets; and (2) the growing global integration of financial markets. These topics are in the spirit of the conference because I have had the sense that the organizers were interested in subjects that may not be captured altogether neatly in standard macroeconomic models.
By the way, both developments seem related to the observed increase in the liquidity of a wide range of assets, a trend which in turn derives from the reduction in information and transaction costs stemming from technological change. Liquidity is a concept the conference organizers also suggested might be worthy of attention, and I am happy to oblige; although the term is notoriously difficult to define, I would hazard that at its core the concept relates to the ease with which an asset can be converted to cash. And I do think that liquidity helps to explain the importance of the developments I will discuss. Finally, let me be clear at the outset that I make no claim for the originality of much of this commentary. I am explicitly drawing on well-established strands in the literature. And, of course, the usual Federal Reserve caveat applies; I am speaking for myself and not for others in the Federal Reserve.
Let me start with the first phenomenon just noted and describe some of its implications more explicitly. The proliferation we have witnessed in institutions, instruments and markets presumably allows, on average, both for improved diversification in finance and for greater flexibility in an institution's choice of its risk profile.
There are other ramifications as well. As many have reported, investment banks, private equity firms and hedge funds, among others, have invaded the traditional turf of commercial banks, increasing competition and thereby serving customers increasingly effectively. As financial innovation has progressed, banks—at least many of the largest, most sophisticated institutions—have responded by securitizing and selling off their most standard, commodity-like credits, leaving their balance sheets with a preponderance of relatively heterogeneous, information- intensive, illiquid assets.
Some might think that in this process, and particularly in view of heightened competition, commercial banks have become less important in the financial system overall. John Boyd and Mark Gertler carefully examined this issue about 15 years ago, when there were similar assertions about the diminishing importance of banks.1 Their results, which adjusted for banks' off-balance-sheet activities and so forth, indicated no quantitative change in banks' role in finance, and recent work by staff at the Minneapolis Federal Reserve, updating Boyd-Gertler, appears to confirm the earlier conclusions, although I should note that the recent work is still quite preliminary.
Nevertheless, I suspect that there has been a significant, qualitative change in the position of large banks as they have adapted to challenges in the environment. In particular, and as foreshadowed a moment ago, as banks have disposed of plain-vanilla, readily securitized assets, their balance sheets may have become more risky.2 Coupled with expansion of off-balance-sheet activities and growing reliance on trading in a range of instruments and markets, large institutions, and their exposures to various counterparties, likely have become more difficult to manage and to assess.
The policy prescriptions stemming from this situation seem relatively straightforward. Concern about the possible vulnerability of, say, hedge funds or the credit derivatives market is well taken, but it shouldn't distract supervisors and policymakers from appropriate focus on more "familiar" commercial banks. As I have argued previously, in the context of the too-big-to-fail issue, problems at one or more large, complex commercial banks could potentially have systemic repercussions, and recent developments in banking have not assuaged this concern.3
Some have made a different argument for continued supervisory focus on commercial banks, suggesting that by ensuring that banks have taken appropriate precautions in their lending to, and other transactions with, say, hedge funds and the like, adequate discipline will have been brought to bear on this latter group of institutions.
But I'm not confident of this result for, as I implied a moment ago, to the extent that large banks do not face sufficient market discipline, we can't expect them to act altogether effectively as the levee against excessive risk-taking outside the banking sector.
Now, let me move on to the second phenomenon identified in my introductory comments, namely, increasing global financial integration. This is a trend that has received lots of attention and deservedly so. There appears to be a general perception that in fact financial markets worldwide have become more closely intertwined and that financial capital flows more readily across borders than formerly. There is statistical evidence quantifying this development and, from the perspective of resource allocation, such a development is clearly welcome.4
At the same time, growing capital market integration has raised some concern about the potential effectiveness of domestic (Federal Reserve) monetary policy. The argument seems to be—and let me emphasize that what follows is for illustrative purposes only—that the effects on long-term interest rates of a Federal Reserve-engineered increase in short-term rates could be largely offset by financial inflows from abroad. Thus, so the story goes, a larger-than-anticipated increase in the federal funds rate would be required to achieve a given degree of policy restraint or, put more mildly, policymakers would necessarily be more uncertain about the appropriate level of the funds rate in view of the potential for a global response of financial flows.
All this strikes me as logical enough, but I am unsure if it is of much moment. In my experience, there is always some, usually considerable, uncertainty attending the appropriate level of and potential changes in the federal funds rate. An international channel may complicate the analysis incrementally, but there is ample uncertainty in any event. Further, and also to conclude, it seems to me that policy ultimately must be judged against the background of the achievement of the well-recognized dual mandate. Relative to this metric, results look pretty good for the past two decades or so and, relevant to the issue at hand, this record has been established, skillfully or with a lot of good fortune, in an ever-changing environment.
1 John H. Boyd and Mark Gertler, "Are Banks Dead? Or Are the Reports Greatly Exaggerated?" Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review 18 (Summer 1994): 2-24.
2 For a discussion of this issue, see Raghuram G. Rajan, "Has Financial Development Made the World Riskier?" in The Greenspan Era: Lessons for the Future (Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 2005): 313-69. See the comments and discussion on Rajan's article for alternative views. See also Wolf Wagner, "The Liquidity of Bank Assets and Bank Stability," Journal of Banking and Finance 31 (January 2007): 121-39.
3 Gary H. Stern and Ron J. Feldman, Too Big To Fail: The Hazards of Bank Bailouts (Brookings Institution Press, 2004). For a discussion of recent developments, see Gary H. Stern and Ron J. Feldman, "Managing Too Big To Fail by Reducing Systemic Risk: Some Recent Developments," The Region (June 2006): 19-21, 46-49.
4 Martin Feldstein, "Monetary Policy in a Changing International Environment: The Role of Global Capital Flows," in Stability and Economic Growth: The Role of the Central Bank (Banco de Mexico, 2006): 245-55.


text: PGA Tour Champions golfer (and Hall of Fame pitcher) John Smoltz joins Jason Smith & Rob Parker on The Dan Patrick Show. You heard that right. The legendary pitcher talks about his plan to play in 3 PGA Tour Champions events this season while continuing to broadcast MLB games. And he breaks down some of the rule changes proposed for baseball next season.


text:
Political Prisoner Birthday Poster For May 2017 Is Now Available
Hello Friends and Comrades,
- HAPPY MAY DAY! Get out there and make the foundations of this vile white supremacist capitalist patriarchal state tremble, crumble, and organize with your coworkers, your neighbors, and your loved ones to bring about the new world in the ashes of the old.
- Here is the political prisoner birthday poster for May.(11″x17″ PDF, 533KB) Also available in color here, and as a shareable PNG here (imgur link). Print it out and plaster your community, both in commemoration of these freedom fighters and to advertise locally for a political prisoner letter writing night. Get together with some friends in your town to send birthday cards to these fighters in our struggle. It's an easy way to help remind them that they aren't forgotten. If you make one, remember—don't use anything like white-out, stickers, tape or glitter on it. We also recommend that you put a return name and address and their name and prisoner number on the card, lest the authorities "lose" the envelope and forget where it is going. If you would like to add a birthday or sign up for our poster mailing list (not a listserv, one email per month), or if you would like to contribute in another way to increasing the profile of US political prisoners, email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
- Comrades, probably some in your city, and perhaps some of your best friends, are facing new felony charges (at least a half dozen new felony charges for each and every of the over two hundred defendants!) for their involvement in resisting the inauguration of the least popular president in the last 70 years of United States history, who rose to power on the organizing of fascist filth and their disgusting collaborators. If you haven't already, reach deep in your pockets and in your hearts to donate to keep our troops out of the maw of the carceral state.
- Do you need help advertising for your local Political Prisoner Letter Writing Night? Are you interested in distributing physical copies of the poster? Write to us and let's find a way to get physical copies of our poster to you: email@example.com
- Be sure to check out the latest Political Prisoner/Prisoner Of War every-other week update (PDF, 335KB) by the NYC-Anarchist Black Cross. There are lots of important updates on many political prisoners. This one includes updates on Robert Seth Hayes, Krow, Marius Mason, the DC J20 L12 Kettle Defendants, and more.
Remember: They are in there for us, we are out here for them!
Until Every Cage Is Empty,


text:
Having a decent concealer or two in your makeup collection is a pretty good idea if you have any blemishes, redness or dark patches on your skin.
I personally have two favourite concealers which I use and find helpful when I have eczema and skin irritation flare ups.
1. Yves Saint Laurent Touche Éclat
The UK's No.1 Luxury Beauty Product for light, luminosity and radiance.
The world renowned complexion highlighter is a take-anywhere pen-brush for adding a touch of light or banishing shadows and signs of fatigue from the eye area, the hollow of the chin, the contour of the lips and the sides of the nose.
I've been using this on my skin for years and although it is officially a highlighter, I use it as a concealer too. I often get dark eyes and signs of eczema around my mouth and nose so this the ideal product to help disguise those problem areas. I have never had any issues with this product causing skin irritation or reaction so I can highly recommend it to others with problem skin. It can seem a bit expensive but it lasts for what seems like an eternity, I usually buy 1 a year.
2. Mac Studio Finish SPF 35 Concealer
This is my other favourite concealer and I couldn't live without it. I wear very little makeup and never use foundation so this is the perfect product for anyone who likes the natural look but also likes to leave the house looking good. I apply it with the Mac makeup brush and just smooth it on with one side and then blend it in with the other side. I have also never had any issues using this product and in fact it feels soft when applied and is easily washed off.
3. Make Up Forever Full Cover Extreme Camouflage Cream
If you need serious coverage then this concealer is the one for you. If you have skin complaints such as pimples, rosacea, hyperpigmentation, dark patches or any bits you want to cover up then this will do the job to perfection. Ideal if you're going out for a special occasion and need to ensure your skin is as flawless as it can be.
4. Estee Lauder Smoothing Crème Concealer
This concealer is especially fabulous if you have rosacea. It is not heavy so feels good when you apply it to any part of your face and is perfect if you want to feel confident it will stay put. The coverage of this concealer is excellent which is why it is so good for skin conditions which alter the colour of pigmentation of your skin. It is also a really good price so is fantastic value for money.
5. Bobbi Brown Creamy Concealer
This concealer is ideal for anyone with very sensitive skin. It has a really light formula which simply glides on to your skin just using your finger and doesn't get cakey or dry. This skin product is really gentle on your skin and easy to remove.
If you have skin conditions these concealers really are some of the best on the market right now.
Which concealer do you use and what do you like about it?


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- Font:
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WASHINGTON — Be happy — it seems to be good for your heart.
Don't miss these Health stories
More women opting for preventive mastectomy - but should they be?
Rates of women who are opting for preventive mastectomies, such as Angeline Jolie, have increased by an estimated 50 percent in recent years, experts say. But many doctors are puzzled because the operation doesn't carry a 100 percent guarantee, it's major surgery -- and women have other options, from a once-a-day pill to careful monitoring.
- Larry Page's damaged vocal cords: Treatment comes with trade-offs
- Report questioning salt guidelines riles heart experts
- CDC: 2012 was deadliest year for West Nile in US
- What stresses moms most? Themselves, survey says
- More women opting for preventive mastectomy - but should they be?
Scientists have long known that Type A personalities and people who are chronically angry, anxious or depressed have a higher risk of heart attacks.
Now a Harvard review of the flip side of that psychology concludes that being upbeat and optimistic just may help protect against heart disease.
Rather than focusing only on how to lessen heart risks, "it might also be useful to focus on how we might bolster the positive side of things," said lead researcher Julia Boehm of the Harvard School of Public Health.
Boehm reviewed dozens of studies examining a positive outlook — as determined by various psychological measurements — on heart health. Optimism in particular seems key, as a number of studies found the most optimistic people had half the risk of a first heart attack when compared to the least optimistic, Boehm said.
Why? Previous work shows the stress associated with negative psychological traits can lead to damage of arteries and the heart itself.
Boehm found that people with a better sense of well-being tend to have healthier blood pressure, cholesterol and weight, and are more likely to exercise, eat healthier, get enough sleep and avoid smoking. But she cautioned that it will take more research to tease apart if a positive outlook makes people feel more like taking heart-healthy steps — or whether living healthier helps you feel more positive.
The review, funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, was published Tuesday by the Psychological Bulletin.
More research is needed but that link between psychological and physical well-being makes sense, said Dr. Elizabeth Jackson of the University of Michigan and American College of Cardiology, who wasn't involved with the review. Among her own heart patients, she has noticed that those who feel they have some control over their lives and are invested in their care have better outcomes.
What if you're by nature a pessimist? "That's a hard question. There's no magic happy pill," Jackson said.
Some research has found that asking people to smile helps put them in a better mood, Boehm noted, although long-term effects aren't clear.
"Sometimes it's hard, particularly in tough economic times, but taking a moment to just relax and enjoy a sunny day might be good heart health," Jackson said.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
John F. Moffitt is Professor Emeritus of Art History at New Mexico State University.Moffitt, John F. is the author of 'Alchemist of the Avant-Garde The Case of Marcel Duchamp' with ISBN 9780791457108 and ISBN 0791457109.[read more]
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LEGO Star Wars III: The Clone Wars on the 3DS combines the epic stories and iconic characters from the Star Wars universe and hit animated TV series Star Wars: The Clone Wars with all-new gameplay features. Players will enjoy brand new game mechanics allowing them to create, control and explore in a galaxy far, far away like never before.
LEGO Star Wars 3 The Clone Wars is a continuation of what has turned out to be a surprisingly addictive series of games. The game was developed by Traveler's Tales and released in March of 2011 and marks the fifth installment of the Lego Star Wars series since the games originated in 2005. The Clone Wars has excellent graphics on the 3DS, which are much improved from previous titles on other consoles. Unfortunately, some things haven't translated to the 3DS very well. The puzzles, admittedly designed with children in mind, are even easier than previous games, and the combat start to feel very repetitive. It received mediocre critical reviews from most organizations.
This game certainly makes good use of the 3DS when it comes to graphics. The game is well-lit and has smooth animation sequences (despite being LEGOs). Most critics rated the audio favorably, as well. If you've watched the Star Wars animated series of the Clone Wars, most of the levels will look extremely familiar to you. That's because the settings for missions are taken directly from the show. This area of the game, in essence, is a decent success.
To put it simply, the puzzle aspect of this game wasn't a success at all. Although the puzzles in the LEGO games have always been very simple, LEGO Star Wars 3 takes the ease of solving a step too far by virtually telling you exactly how to do it by using a highlighting feature on the character whose ability needs to be used in that scenario.
Something that has made the other LEGO titles fun, engaging and somewhat addictive has been the level of variation that could be found among the levels and objectives. In the transition to the handheld device, a good amount of that seems to have been lost. The levels, while entertaining, start to feel very similar after playing for a while. The combat is especially difficult to be entertained by after the first few fights, but the stream of enemies never stops. There just seems to be something missing from this game that the others had, and although it doesn't make the game unplayable, it certainly takes some of the fun away.
Reviews for LEGO Star Wars 3: The Clone Wars mostly ran mixed to positive. The aggregate scoring organization Metacritic gave rates it 76/100, with notable critics IGN and Gamespot both giving it a 6/10. Console versions were reviewed somewhat more favorably, partially due to the availability of a cooperative mode, but mostly were just put together much better overall.
In totality, if you're thinking of buying this game for yourself and you're over the age of 12, I recommend against it. If you're getting it for a young family member or as part of a collection, go for it. If you're just a fan of the series and want to experience the game, get it on a console. This game simply doesn't quite meet the bar set by the earlier games in the LEGO Star Wars series.
|Submitted by
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Dec 8, 2013
Infinite Money
Dec 8, 2013


text:
The world depends on mariners. Mariners depend on SCI. And we depend on you.
Photos of Ministry on the Rivers and Gulf (MOR+G) chaplains by the Houston Ship Channel, taken January 2013.
Photos by David Rider, President & Executive Director.
SCI maintains a staff of professional chaplains with interfaith and cross-cultural backgrounds. Chaplains and volunteers assist thousands each year, extending a hand of friendship and hospitality.


text:
The 11-hour, 129-lesson course is designed to help new Carrara users develop the confidence with Carrara's toolset to bring their animation ideas to life.
November 12, 2013 - Toronto, Canada—Software training firm Infinite Skills Inc. this week released its "Learning Carrara 8.5 Tutorial," an introductory course teaching all the tools and techniques involved in producing animated 3D figures in this user-friendly and feature-rich 3D modeling application.
Carrara is a general purpose animation and rendering program commonly used for figure posing, modeling, and landscape design. It has several features which make it a leading choice in its market niche, such as the ability to work with both rigid and soft bodies, realistic hair and lighting features, an intuitive interface, and fast rendering.
Infinite Skills' "Learning Carrara 8.5 Video Training," provides students with a basic skill set in Carrara, guiding users through the creation of various model-types, including a spaceship, a fantasy scene, and an army.
Learning Carrara 8.5 Tutorial Video - Streaming
Course author Phil Wilkes has worked professionally in computer arts for more than 25 years. After learning his first gaming platform, he quickly produced two games for commercial release. He then moved over to 3D where he has several other publications to his credit including an animated movie that was distributed as an insert with a popular magazine. He has also written and trained extensively within the 3D modeling community.
After an introduction to Carrara, explaining its navigation and how to work in 3D space, Wilkes dives right in to Carrara functionality, explaining first of all how to work with objects in Carrara using tools like move, scale, and rotate, as well as advanced tools like parenting and grouping, and working with modifiers.
The course then continues explaining how to work with cameras and use lighting and scene effects, such as how to position a camera, apply various types of lighting, and add effects like global illumination and rays and beams.
Other chapters cover the details of critical techniques involved in animation, modeling, 3D painting, working with bullet physics and soft bodies, using the hair tools, and using with replicators, among other topics.
"I've worked with a number of modeling programs," Wilkes says. "Carrara is the overall best 3D solution. It has a full feature-set capable of producing a wide variety of wonderfully realistic and imaginative solutions to rival the CGI effects you see on television and movies."
"This course is designed to help you tap into these powerful features and create some amazing images."
Free demo videos and a full list of course contents can be found on the Learning Carrara 8.5 training page of the InfiniteSkills website:
Learning Carrara 8.5 Training Video
Infinite Skills offers its Learning Carrara 8.5 Tutorial either as a DVD or a direct download from the company website at a retail price of $99.95. Though the compatibility of programs varies, all InfiniteSkills titles and formats are compatible with both Mac and Windows operating systems, and shipping is available around the globe. Additionally, InfiniteSkills tutorials are supported by project files which correspond to examples in the videos.
About Infinite Skills Inc.
A leader in the field of software training, Infinite Skills designs its courses on a task-oriented model, teaching complex skills by providing hands-on examples and guiding users as they carry out essential functions. Infinite Skills offers a wide range of software titles available as DVDs, digital downloads, and in iPad editions. Infinite Skills now offers a subscription service, providing access to all its training content for a monthly fee, keeping with company's aim of delivering professional training to customers anywhere they want to learn.


text:
In the Blog
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text:
News & Notes: Game 43
Friday, May 20, 2011 (7:15 p.m.) – Victory Field
Radio: WWKB AM 1520, WGR Sportsradio 550 AM, bisons.com
Buffalo Bisons (18-24, T4th(-7.0), North)
RHP D.J. Carrasco (1-1, 4.95)
Indianapolis Indians (17-25, 4th(-11.0), West)
LHP Rudy Owens (2-3, 4.70)
TODAY'S GAME: Tonight, the Bisons take on the Indianapolis Indians in the final game of a four-game series from Victory Field (7:15 p.m.). The Bisons trail the Indians 1-2 in the series and need to win tonight to earn a split. Buffalo is now 3-4 on their eight-game roadtrip that began with a split of a four-game set in Louisville. Tomorrow, the Bisons begin an eight-game homestand against the Charlotte Knights and the Gwinnett Braves.
VS. THE INDIANS: The Bisons trail Indy 1-2 in the season series. Dating back to the end of the 2008 season, the Herd is just 7-15 in its last 22 games against the Tribe. The last time Buffalo won a season series at Victory Field was when they took three of four over Indianapolis on June 28 – July 1, 2004.
HEY MR. D.J.: RHP D.J. CARRASCO is making his fifth start of the season tonight. The righty threw a season-high six innings in his last start, a no-decision to the Bats on May 15 (8H, 3R, 3ER, 4BB, 3K). Carrasco has not allowed more than three earned runs in any of his four previous starts this season.
GONE FISHIN': INF MICHAEL FISHER enters tonight's game on a four-game hit streak. The Triple-A rookie has averaged .563 (9-16) since May 15. Yesterday, Fisher was 4-5 with his first career Triple-A home run. It was the 26-year old's fifth career game with four or more hits and his first since May 25, 2008 while with Single-A Rome.
NO FREEBIES: The Bisons pitching staff has not issued a walk in back-to-back games. The last Herd hurler to yield a free pass was LHP TAYLOR TANKERSLEY in the 8th inning of Tuesday's contest (OF Andrew Lambo). Since then, Buffalo pitchers have faced 74 batters over 19.1 innings of work. On the year, the Bisons have allowed 140 walks, tied for ninth fewest in the IL.
BISONS BITS: The Bisons are the only team in the International League that has yet to allow a passed ball…RHP DALE THAYER has not allowed a run over his last 8.2 innings of work over eight appearances…INF VALENTINO PASCUCCI reached safely in all five of his plate appearances yesterday with a single, a double and three walks. He now leads the Bisons with 19RBI.
METS UPDATE: The Mets shutout the Nationals yesterday by a 1-0 score. Former Bison RHP DILLON GEE took a no-hitter into the sixth inning to improve to 3-0 on the year. Former Bisons INF JUSTIN TURNER drove in New York's only run. The 2011 Subway Series begins tonight at 7:05 p.m. from Yankee Stadium.


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| 2020-08-06 17:34:43
National Fuel reports Q3 adjusted EPS 57c, consensus 47c
David P. Bauer, President and Chief Executive Officer of National Fuel Gas Company, stated: "The benefits of our integrated, diversified business model are evident as we move through fiscal 2020, with strong results from our rate-regulated subsidiaries providing an important measure of stability in the face of commodity price headwinds. To the latter point, our Exploration and Production segment activity level dropped to a single rig in mid-June and we continue to voluntarily curtail a portion of our Appalachian spot market volumes, which we anticipate will continue while low prices persist through the remainder of the summer. Turning to fiscal 2021, as we integrate our recently-closed, highly-accretive Appalachian acquisition into our longer-term plans, we expect our Upstream and Gathering operations to immediately generate significant free cash flow. Additionally, we have line of sight on meaningful growth in our Pipeline & Storage business, driven largely by near-term expansion and modernization projects, including our Empire North project which we expect to come online in the next few months. Overall, National Fuel is well-positioned to grow our earnings and cash flows, maintain the strength of our balance sheet, and generate strong returns for our shareholders in the years ahead."
Box Office Battle: 'Tenet' stays on top, nears $300M globally » 16:4309/2709/27/20
"Box Office Battle" is…
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Tesla nemesis in China a tiny $5,000 EV from GM, Bloomberg says » 16:2409/2709/27/20
General Motors (GM) has…
General Motors (GM) has scored a surprise hit in China with its local partners, namely a petite electric vehicle that sells for less than $5,000, according to Bloomberg. The Hongguang MINI EV, made by SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., is currently the hottest EV in China, the world's biggest automobile market, the publication notes. Sales of the compact four-seater beat industry giant Tesla (TSLA) in August, with consumers wowed by its tiny price tag and its ability to run for as many as 106 miles on a single charge. Orders exceeded 30,000 units in just 50 days, the report adds. Reference Link
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Boeing prepares deeper cuts, Bloomberg reports » 16:2009/2709/27/20
Boeing is thinning its…
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KKR buys stake in Great Portland Estates, Bloomberg reports » 16:1609/2709/27/20
KKR has bought a stake in…
KKR has bought a stake in London developer Great Portland Estates Plc, betting against the demise of the downtown office, Bloomberg's Jack Sidders reports. Reference Link
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Judge hears arguments on Trump's TikTok ban, NY Times reports » 16:1409/2709/27/20
The Trump administration…
Story temporarily locked.
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American Airlines CEO 'confident' payroll aid will be extended, Bloomberg says » 16:1109/2709/27/20
American Airlines CEO…
American Airlines CEO Doug Parker said there's sufficient time for U.S. Congress to agree on extending $25B in federal aid that would prevent layoffs for tens of thousands of airline workers on October 1, Bloomberg's Mary Schlangenstein reports. "I'm confident" the payroll aid will be extended, Parker said. "There's certainly not much time left, but there's enough time. Often times, a deadline like this is what is needed to get action. We're hoping that is the case." Reference Link
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Opening Day: GoodRx rises over 50% in market debut » 09:5909/2709/27/20
In a busy month for IPOs,…
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Devon, WPX in advanced talks for all-stock merger, WSJ reports » 19:3109/2609/26/20
Devon Energy (DVN) and…
Devon Energy (DVN) and WPX Energy (WPX) are in talks to combine in an all-stock deal that could be completed as soon as this week, Cara Lombardo of Wall Street Journal reports, citing people familiar with the matter. Devon has a market value of roughly $3.4B while WPX's is about $2.5B, Lombardo notes. Reference Link
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Rival bike peddlers could help boost Peloton's stock, Barron's says » 10:2009/2609/26/20
The threat of a…
The threat of a well-heeled competitor gave Peloton Interactive investors a fright this past week, but competition is the least of Peloton's (PTON) worries, Connor Smith writes in this week's edition of Barron's. After the close on Monday, Echelon, a lower-priced Peloton competitor, announced that it had joined with Amazon.com (AMZN) to sell a "Prime Bike" that would cost $499, but then an Amazon spokesperson said the company had no formal partnership with Echelon, the author notes. Despite the fiasco, Peloton shareholders got a wake-up call-the Echelon announcement and the immediate selloff suggested the risks to Peloton stock should a true rival come along and undercut the company on price, the publication adds. But, for now, the Echelon-Amazon episode highlights what Peloton has going for it: execution, brand awareness, and premium technology leadership-and why investors have been willing to award it a nosebleed multiple, Smith writes. Reference Link
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Deal synergies should lift Truist Financial, Barron's says » 10:1509/2609/26/20
With the merger late last…
With the merger late last year of large Southeast regional banks BB&T and SunTrust, the sum of their parts could add up to a lot more than two, Lawrence Strauss writes in this week's edition of Barron's. The combined bank, which became Truist Financial last December, is now the sixth-largest commercial bank in the country by assets, at about $500B, he notes. Truist Financial would acquit itself fairly well under an adverse economic scenario modeled by the Fed, the author contends. Reference Link
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Fortive spinning off a business, time to buy stock, Barron's says » 10:1209/2609/26/20
Fortive (FTV) spun out of…
Fortive (FTV) spun out of Danaher (DHR)in 2016 and now the company is set for a spinoff of its own, as it plans to hive off its transportation business into a new company, Vontier, Al Root writes in this week's edition of Barron's. Since the spin was announced on Jan. 15, Fortive's stock has lost 6%, compared to Danaher's gain of 29%, which may suggest that investors are waiting to see how the separate pieces trade, and creating an opportunity to buy Fortive ahead of the spin, and get two great companies once it's done, the author adds. Reference Link
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Western Digital could have plenty of upside, Barron's says » 10:0509/2609/26/20
Western Digital (WDC) is…
Western Digital (WDC) is no fancy cloud play, but the disk-drive and memory chip company has something going for it that red-hot software stocks like Snowflake (SNOW) and Zoom Video (ZM) lack-a bargain-priced stock with real appeal for value investors, Eric Savitz writes in this week's edition of Barron's. Reference Link
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Herbalife facing fresh legal hurdle, Barron's says » 10:0109/2609/26/20
In 2010, Jeff Rodgers and…
In 2010, Jeff Rodgers and his wife, Patti, decided to try selling the weight-loss products of Herbalife Nutrition and by 2015, Patti Rodgers says, they had lost over $100,000 chasing the Herbalife dream and ran out of money for Jeff Rodgers' cancer treatments, Bill Alpert writes in this week's edition of Barron's. Recently, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit ruled that Patti Rodgers could proceed with a federal lawsuit against 44 top-level Herbalife distributors, the author notes. In the suit, for which she's seeking class-action status, she claims they deceived new recruits. If Rodgers gets class-action status and wins a large judgment against Herbalife's sales leaders, it could chill sales and recruitment, since Herbalife promotes the leaders as success stories and gurus, says a retired government official who regulated the industry and is familiar with the company. Reference Link
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TVs getting left behind as videoconferencing booms, Barron's says » 09:3909/2609/26/20
TV's low prices have…
TV's low prices have been great for Netflix (NFLX) and TV binges, but it means few companies are pushing the TV hardware to do more, Alex Eule writes in this week's edition of Barron's. The pandemic could finally change that, with videoconferencing now one of the hottest trends in technology, the author notes. Shares of Zoom Video (ZM) are up 367% since February, while shares of webcam maker Logitech (LOGI) have nearly doubled. Next year's TV designs are currently being completed, and while there's the chance webcams appear in some of those units, it's likely to take longer, the publication adds. Reference Link
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Week in review: How Trump's policies moved stocks » 08:5209/2609/26/20
Catch up on the top…
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Ambu management to meet virtually with JPMorgan » 04:5509/2609/26/20
Virtual Meetings to be…
Virtual Meetings to be held on September 28-30 hosted by JPMorgan.
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Lockheed Martin announces additional $1.3B share repurchase program » 18:3509/2509/25/20
Lockheed Martin's…
Lockheed Martin's board has authorized the purchase of up to an additional $1.3B of Lockheed Martin common stock under its share repurchase program. With this increase, total authorization for future repurchases under the share repurchase program is approximately $3B.
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Lockheed Martin raises quarterly dividend to $2.60 from $2.40 per share » 18:3409/2509/25/20
The dividend is payable…
The dividend is payable on Dec. 24 to holders of record as of the close of business on Dec. 1.
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Brunswick CEO: Sales up significantly since last year » 18:2309/2509/25/20
In an interview on…
In an interview on CNBC's Mad Money, David Foulkes said Brunswick has hired more than 1,000 people over the past few months to keep up with production. According to Foulkes, this season has really expanded and sales are up significantly since last year with rising production. More women than ever are registering for boats and the average age of the boat buyer has dropped, he said. "Our cash generation has been strong and the stock has plenty of room to run," Foulkes noted. "People are entering in all areas of the portfolio."
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Pretium Resources CFO Yip to step down » 18:0109/2509/25/20
Pretium Resources…
Pretium Resources announced that Tom S.Q. Yip, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will step down from his role as Chief Financial Officer of the company on September 30, 2020. Yip will continue to serve as Executive Vice President and assist with an orderly transition until October 30, 2020. Matthew Quinlan, Vice President, Finance, will succeed Yip as Chief Financial Officer of the company effective September 30, 2020. Additionally, Pretivm announces that Kenneth C. McNaughton, Vice President and Chief Exploration Officer, has informed the company that he will be retiring effective September 30, 2020.
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Aquestive Therapeutics gets FDA CRL for Libervant in seizure cluster management » 17:4109/2509/25/20
The company states:…
The company states: "Aquestive Therapeutics announced that the FDA has issued a complete response letter, or CRL, regarding the New Drug Application for Libervant, or diazepam, Buccal Film for management of seizure clusters. The FDA issues a CRL to indicate that the review cycle for an application is complete but the application cannot be approved in its current form. In the CRL, the FDA cited that, in a study submitted by the company with the NDA, certain weight groups showed a lower drug exposure level than desired. The company intends to provide to the FDA additional information on PK modeling to demonstrate that dose adjustments will obtain the desired exposure levels. There were no other safety, clinical pharmacology/biopharmaceutics or CMC issues identified in the CRL. The FDA did cite a small number of protocol deviations in blood draws in one of the studies in the NDA. The company believes, based on discussions with the FDA, that the company will not need to conduct any further clinical studies in order to cure the items cited in the CRL, and will confirm that view in its upcoming follow-up meeting with the FDA. Based on interactions with the Agency, the company believes that this CRL will not be a barrier to ultimate approval, as the CRL was limited to providing additional information on PK modeling for an adjusted dosing regimen for a limited subset of patient weight categories. The company plans to request a Type A meeting with the FDA in the coming weeks and to resubmit the NDA prior to the end of 2020 with the adjusted dosage regimen for the identified weight groups at issue. A submission before the end of the year should result in a PDUFA Action Date in the 1st half of 2021. The Agency did not include any indication regarding approval of U.S. market access for Libervant at this time."
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Delta sees $2B-$2.5B pretax charge from Boeing aircraft retirement » 17:3209/2509/25/20
In a regulatory filing,…
In a regulatory filing, Delta (DAL) said it has decided to retire the company's Boeing (BA) 717-200 aircraft and the remainder of its 767-300ER aircraft by December 2025 and its CRJ-200 aircraft by December 2023, earlier than previously scheduled. These plans are another step in Delta's fleet simplification strategy, which is intended to streamline and modernize Delta's fleet, enhance the customer experience, and generate cost savings. As a result of this determination, Delta evaluated its Boeing 717-200 and CRJ-200 aircraft as well as the remainder of its Boeing 767-300ER aircraft for impairment and, on September 23, 2020, concluded that the carrying value of these aircraft was no longer recoverable when compared to their estimated remaining future cash flows. Consequently, during the September 2020 quarter, Delta expects to record non-cash impairment charges associated with these aircraft. Although the actual amount of the charges has not yet been finalized, Delta expects the aggregate impairment and other related charges to be in a range from $2B-$2.5B, before tax. An immaterial amount associated with the charges is expected to result in future cash expenditures. Delta may continue to consider further opportunities for early aircraft retirements in an effort to modernize and simplify its fleet.
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Artesian Resources raises quarterly dividend by 3% to 25.71c per share » 17:2509/2509/25/20
The dividend is payable…
The dividend is payable November 20, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on November 9, 2020.
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Raytheon Technologies awarded $212.76M Missile Defense Agency contract » 17:2309/2509/25/20
Raytheon Technologies was…
Raytheon Technologies was awarded a sole-source contract in the amount of $212.76M under a Foreign Military Sale, or FMS, case to the United Arab Emirates, or UAE. The contract type will be a hybrid firm-fixed-price, cost-plus-incentive-fee, cost-plus-fixed-fee and cost-reimbursement contract. The contractor will provide one prime power unit and five years of sustainment services for two terminal high altitude area defense Army/Navy transportable radar surveillance and control-series 2, or AN/TPY-2, radars for this contract. The work will be performed in Woburn, Massachusetts, and some support services will be provided in-country. The performance period is October 1 through September 30, 2025. UAE FMS funds in the amount of $212.76M will be used to fund this effort. The Missile Defense Agency is the contracting activity.
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Incyte and MorphoSys to hold a joint conference call » 17:1709/2509/25/20
Incyte and MorphoSys hold…
Incyte and MorphoSys hold a joint conference call to discuss the unmet need and global opportunities for Tafasitamab in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas on September 29 at 9 am. Webcast Link
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