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Skip to 0 minutes and 7 seconds I started on them, a twice-a-day regime. But it wasn't really working. I couldn't seem to get very good levels of control. I seemed to either be blood sugar too high or blood sugar too low and having hypos, which obviously is regrettable.
Skip to 0 minutes and 22 seconds After that, I moved on to a four-times-a-day regime which was supposed to offer me more flexibility, but it had the unfortunate side effect of knocking me out every night.
Skip to 0 minutes and 32 seconds I was unconscious about quarter to 7:00 usually. It was quite reliable. But and yeah, I was quite ill in those days. And I couldn't really do anything. So I was not really playing any sports anymore. I couldn't really do any of that. My driving lessons had to stop because I'd just pass out, and that's frowned upon. Yeah. It was an interesting time. It was an interesting time, certainly.
Dan's story
In Week 2 we introduced you to Dan when we were discussing the use of non-genetic tests to recognise patients who may have MODY (the most common form of monogenic diabetes).
When Dan was diagnosed with diabetes he was told he had Type 1 diabetes and was started on insulin injections. In this video, Dan tells us about the difficulties he had with hypoglycaemia when he was taking insulin injections and the impact this had on his daily life.
The family had asked for genetic testing, as a distant family member had previously been identified with HNF1A MODY, but their local team did not understand the potential impact of an alternative diagnosis.
We asked for genetic testing many times and they said, "We'll never take him off insulin so what's the point?". Dan's Mum


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Islands in the sky: the impact of Pleistocene climate cycles on biodiversity
Journal of Biology volume 7, Article number: 32 (2008)
7703 Accesses
2 Citations
Genetic studies of organisms based on coalescent modeling and paleoenvironmental data, including a new study in BMC Biology of Mexican jays in the sky islands of Arizona and northern Mexico, show that populations differentiated in multiple refugia during and after glacial cycles.
The general cooling of the world's climate that began in the Tertiary and culminated in the Pleistocene glacial cycles from about 2.4 million years ago attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists because of its possible effect in changing species distributions, and thus on the speciation of organisms. The role of these climatic fluctuations on speciation has been much debated. At one end of the debate, some researchers argued that the cooling suppressed or slowed speciation, as leading-edge waves of species populations repeatedly colonized deglaciated regions in the interglacial periods [1, 2]. This form of repeated colonization of genetically similar individuals from the same source populations can prevent genetic differentiation required for speciation. Others thought that the cooling, and the barriers of ice that divided up populations, increased the rate of speciation; in an extreme example of this view, Ernst Mayr wrote in his classic 1970 book [3] that "Evolutionists agree on the overwhelming importance of Pleistocene barriers in the speciation of temperate zone animals".
Data from studies of North American songbirds have been useful in showing which of these two views is correct. As late as 1999, it was thought that species and species complexes of North American songbirds diverged in the late Pleistocene, which would support the view that climate cooling increased the rate of speciation [4]. This was, however, refuted convincingly by mitochondrial DNA data that suggested that the emergence of new songbird species appeared repeatedly over the past 5 million years, which would mean a much smaller role for climate cooling in speciation [5].
The current consensus is that some species of songbirds originated earlier in the Pleistocene, before the glaciations started [5–7]. It is also generally agreed that strong population structure has evolved in songbirds and in many other organisms [5–8]. When many genetic differences accumulate in different populations, this structures species into isolates that can be a precursor to speciation. However, there is some evidence that songbird speciation might have been completed during late glacial advances by repeated bouts of geographical isolation, as shown by the fact that divergence times estimated with a molecular clock in superspecies complexes of boreal (boreal forest) superspecies of North American birds date to the Pleistocene [9]. These complexes are groups of very similar emergent species with adjacent distributions that are restricted to boreal forests that were glaciated in the Pleistocene.
Uncertainty in inferences of glacial refugia
Although there is compelling evidence that ancestral source populations can differ genetically, there is uncertainty about whether isolation of populations that survived and differentiated in glaciated areas called glacial refugia is required to explain genetic differentiation in extant populations [7, 10]. Furthermore, inference of the number of these refugia and the timing of isolation of populations has, until recently, depended on the construction of gene trees, assumptions about whether these trees reflect population trees, calibrations of molecular clocks and mutation rates of the genes being studied. All these components have uncertainties inherent in their estimates. Innovative new studies have, however, begun to address these uncertainties with exciting insights into the impact of Pleistocene climatic cycles on population differentiation and, potentially, on speciation [10–14].
Evidence for divergence within species complexes of songbirds in both the Pleistocene period and postglacially has been presented in recent studies [13, 14]. The yellow-rumped warbler complex comprises two North American migratory subspecies, the myrtle warbler (Dendroica coronata coronata and Audubon's warbler (D. c. auduboni), previously thought to be separate species, and two largely sedentary (non-migrating) forms from Mexico (D. c. nigrifrons) and Guatemala (D. c. goldmani). The North American forms breed in higher-latitude locations than the Mesoamerican forms, locations that were glaciated in the past. The North American forms hybridize with the Mesoamerican forms only in a narrow hybrid zone in British Columbia and Alberta, but they migrate and overlap with the Mesoamerican forms in winter.
Phylogenetic analyses of three mitochondrial DNA genes using Bayesian methods that account for phylogenetic uncertainty have shown, surprisingly, that the two Mesoamerican forms are reciprocally monophyletic, that is, that they each form a monophyletic group that is phylogenetically separated from the other, whereas the North American forms have high levels of shared ancestral polymorphisms [13]. Assuming a mutation rate of 2% per million years, a coalescent approach yielded population divergence times of about 400,000 years ago between Mesoamerican and North American forms and 16,000 years ago between the two North American forms. Coalescent theory is a population genetics model that traces all the alleles of a gene in a population sample to one ancestral copy shared by all members of the population, which is called the most recent common ancestor (MRCA). By applying a mutation rate for the gene it is possible to obtain the time in years when the MRCA existed, which approximates when the forms diverged unless they continued to exchange alleles for some time after they separated. However, when dated with a wide range of gene-specific mutation rates, the uncertainty in dates was revealed, ranging up to 1.9 million years ago between migratory and sedentary forms and up to 41,000 years ago between migratory forms.
Coupling paleoenvironmental and genetic modeling
With such imprecision in estimating divergence times, it is difficult to test hypotheses of postglacial population differentiation or rapid speciation using genetic data alone. Now, however, fossil paleoecological data have emerged that can provide an independent timeframe for recent postglacial genetic divergence. McCormack et al. in a recent study in BMC Biology [14] capitalized on populations of Mexican jays (Aphelocoma ultramarina) in the 'sky islands' – isolated mountain niches – of southwestern USA and northern Mexico; these birds are ecologically tied to pine-oak woodlands (Figure 1). Fossilized plant material in the garbage collected in the middens of packrats (Neotoma spp.) showed that the sky islands were connected by continuous woodlands 18,000 years ago, at the last glacial maximum, but as climate warmed in the past 9,000 years the woodlands have been driven to higher elevations and have been displaced by grassland and desert at lower elevations. The authors [14] therefore predicted that populations of jays should share common alleles from the ancestral population, but that each population should have a suite of 'private' alleles that has accumulated by mutation in the postglacial period. That is exactly what they found in judiciously chosen mitochondrial and nuclear loci with high mutation rates.
McCormack et al. then subjected the genetic data for selected population pairs to a multilocus coalescent analysis to estimate the time of population divergence and obtained confirmation of postglacial differentiation in the past 10,000 years or less, on the basis of the 90% highest posterior density distributions. By fitting a model of population splitting to explain the genetic data it is possible to generate a large number of possible estimates of a parameter, which forms the posterior density distribution of parameters, such as population divergence time. This method also takes into account the uncertainties in the simulation process. Additional corroboration of the coalescent estimates was obtained from genetic distances corrected for within-species polymorphism, with the exception that divergence times in the western sky islands in the Arizona 'archipelago' were found using this method to range up to 81,000 years ago. The general message that emerges from this excellent study [14] is that detection of postglacial divergence requires large sample sizes to detect private alleles arising from new mutations and to reduce stochasticity in the coalescent process modeled with or without migration.
Ecological-niche modeling and statistical testing of hypotheses
Other exciting developments that are helping us to understand the impact of climate-induced shifts in the Pleistocene on distribution of populations, and thus on speciation, include the use of ecological-niche modeling to predict past geographic distributions of ancestral source populations. This innovative approach provides the tools for statistical testing of hypotheses about multiple refugia by integrating inferred past distributions with coalescent-based genetic models [10–12]. Again, these studies are using the multiple replicates provided by different sky-island populations in North America and include a plant-insect herbivore association [12] and montane grasshoppers [10, 11].
Cutting-edge research from the Knowles laboratory at the University of Michigan [10, 11] using ecological-niche modeling has provided a reconstructed historical distribution of the flightless montane grasshopper (Melanoplus marshalli), revealing that, during glacial maxima, sky-island grasshopper populations in Colorado and Utah must have been displaced to lower refugial areas nearby. By coupling this approach with genetic modeling, the authors were able to test statistically whether the grasshoppers survived in a single ancestral refugial population or multiple refugial populations. Genetic modeling in a coalescent framework not only accounts for the stochastic effects of genetic drift in patterns of population divergence, but by simulating DNA sequences it also incorporates the effect of mutational variance. This makes it possible to use the amount of lineage sorting in extant populations, as measured by the number of deep coalescents in gene trees, to test whether the amount of discord between the sequence data and a two-refugia model is significantly lower than expected under a single refugium model. Recolonization from multiple or single refugia in interglacials could therefore possibly explain why populations of grasshoppers have either evolved strong geographic structure or have speciated, whereas others have differentiated relatively little.
By bringing more biological realism from the natural history of organisms into ecological and genetic modeling of population divergence, the impact of glacial cycles on current biodiversity is being revealed in increasing detail. An interesting aspect of several of these studies is that they often choose to sequence the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene (COI), sometimes in tandem with multiple nuclear genes. COI is used because it has sufficient variable sites in the part of the gene used in DNA barcoding studies to provide sufficient resolution for coalescent analysis. This point is made clearly in the Mexican jay study [14] and is a straightforward prediction of the faster coalescent times and resolving power of mitochondrial genes [15]. Although the current emphasis in detecting very recent (postglacial) population divergence is on analysis of increasing numbers of nuclear sequences to reduce variance across loci, it seems unwise not to combine these with one or more faster evolving mitochondrial genes, as was done so effectively with the montane grasshoppers [10]. Ultimately, such a unified approach is likely to help delimit species genetically and to connect the processes of population divergence and species recognition in a more rigorous way.
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I thank Visual Resources for Ornithology for permission to reproduce Figure 1.
Authors' original submitted files for images
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Cite this article
Baker, A.J. Islands in the sky: the impact of Pleistocene climate cycles on biodiversity. J Biol 7, 32 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1186/jbiol90
- Glacial Cycle
- Much Recent Common Ancestor
- Coalescent Analysis
- Multiple Refugium
- Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Gene

subset: commoncrawl


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|This page is an archive. Please do not edit this archive, instead try editing the page this archive originated from.
New Images
The past 3 or 4 images I've uploaded appear as the old version even though under the image summary you can see that I've uploaded a new one. Do you think it's a cache problem, because I've went on three different browsers and the same things happen. ~ Fmakck → Talk → Contributions 00:34, February 14, 2011 (UTC)
- Oh ok, and one more thing, can you teach me how to make an archive, it's almost about time for me to make one. ~ Fmakck → Talk → Contributions 00:45, February 14, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Block
Fixed. Jacce | Talk | Contributions 07:26, February 14, 2011 (UTC)
Blocked. Jacce | Talk | Contributions 08:43, February 26, 2011 (UTC)
Fixed. Jacce | Talk | Contributions 21:48, February 27, 2011 (UTC)
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Fixed. Jacce | Talk | Contributions 19:33, March 15, 2011 (UTC)
I warned him. Jacce | Talk | Contributions 12:15, March 20, 2011 (UTC)
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Blocked. Jacce | Talk | Contributions 07:34, March 22, 2011 (UTC)
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Why are you editing Pakura page? Stop it.—This unsigned comment was made by Faust-RSI (talk • contribs) .
- I don't get your point. In English, please. Sorry, if you're not a native-speaker.
- Common, another dude was deleting changes only because there was no proof of the resemblance (as in Shippuuden movie case). And now you are telling me the pictures are not necessary? This web-page is sure messy.
--Faust-RSI (talk) 13:14, February 14, 2011 (UTC)
- you're calling me noob, yet you haven't add that link to unknown Iwa kunoichi page *facepalm* I don't care about your stupid rules or "methodology", because those are not helping people to see some interesting facts, as simple pictures do. I can't care about you less, but I care about people that reading this wiki and 98% of them don't give a shit about your "methodology". Stop being a little bitch and improve you English - it sucks, really.
Vacuum Wave
I can quite easily cope with you reverting and referring to my edits as fluff, if the information can appear and be justified as unnecessary but on this occassion, would you please mind explaining what you find so unnecessary about mentioning an evident weakness in the technique in question that was even exploited by Sasuke in chapter 477. Blackstar1 (talk) 00:43, February 15, 2011 (UTC)
- Firstly let me say thank you and to also apologize, as it appears you have misinterpreted what I have said, I was instead referring to the article Wind Release: Vacuum Wave, where I wrote about how the technique could be avoided. I have no issue with the reverts on other pages and had assumed that you had done so for the reasons you stated anyway, however, could you please refrain from remarking "fluff" when correcting or simplifying most of my edits, at least not in every circumstance. I understand your reasons for doing so and on most occasions I'd be the first to admit that it's justified, but I am attempting to temper my writing so it is more available yet you must be able to understand that the term can be used negatively and seeing it repeatedly attached to your edits can quickly become annoying, even if it is intended constructively. Hopefully, I don't give you the wrong impression of myself, I really don't mind criticism but I felt that this needed to be said before a larger misunderstanding occurs. Blackstar1 (talk) 01:18, February 15, 2011 (UTC)
Thanks. Blackstar1 (talk) 01:33, February 15, 2011 (UTC)
You may remove this if wish, but I wanted to clarify something. Regarding the edit on the Chibi page, it was an accident. I was trying to undo a previous edit by someone else and forgot to erase what they did before I published. I'm also fairly new to wiki editing so don't think of me as a vandal or something. I probably shouldn't feel this way, but I am easily intimidated by people on sites like this so I was kinda afraid to even send this.--Kohaku-chan (talk) 13:00, February 17, 2011 (UTC)
Prajñā Group Image
As for this, I uploaded the image only to see that you had already done so, so I reverted mine because I guess my cache was acting up and I saw that both of the images were the same. ~ Fmakck© → Talk → Contributions ~ 21:26, February 17, 2011 (UTC)
About Naruto's Jinchuuriki forms
Could you please explain why Naruto's Jinchuuriki forms isn't separated as Version 1 and Version 2?? If you don't mind, please link the reasons or the talk page related to it. --N 21 (talk) 11:45, February 18, 2011 (UTC)
That doesn't really make sense to me. Both Naruto and Bee's forms are no different IMO. You say Version 2 is a humanoid Bijuu form. That's the same as 4-tails up. Even Yamato states so. I think I sort of get what you mean about him not having Version 2. It's because of the new cloak and the fact that Kyuubi's unwilling to cooperate with him so therefore he can't reach Version 2. But still, I think it should still be classified since we're looking at it's characteristics. Not the amount of control Naruto has over his forms. —This unsigned comment was made by N 21 (talk • contribs) .
Why did you switch back the Akatsuchi pictures. There isn't a difference between the anime and manga. Fishboy144 (talk) 19:30, February 19, 2011 (UTC)
Why did you delete Madara from users? The things that were said needed to be added says to add him as a user because Madara talks about his Moon Eye Plan. And it involves Tsukuomi. —This unsigned comment was made by Brian Waldbart (talk • contribs) .
Ok sorry about that and I did add him back so I just deleted him and if you need help editing pages just let me know. Brian Waldbart (talk) 04:14, February 20, 2011 (UTC) Brian Waldbart
Why did you delete the picture of Itachi's bleeding eyes? Brian Waldbart (talk) 06:03, February 20, 2011 (UTC)Brian Waldbart
Where do you watch the new episodes when they first debut? I always use Narutobase, but that quality is not so good and is why I never upload images when the episodes first comes out. ~ Fmakck© → Talk → Contributions ~ 13:14, February 24, 2011 (UTC)
- But sadly I fall in the category of people who have to wait 7 days before watching the new ep. on Crunchyroll. ~ Fmakck© → Talk → Contributions ~ 13:34, February 24, 2011 (UTC)
Unnamed yotsuki clan member
Do you need any pictures of him? LIGHTNING HAWK (talk) 19:24, February 27, 2011 (UTC)
Yotsuki Image
This time you beat me by 3 seconds... ~ Fmakck© → Talk → Contributions ~ 19:25, February 27, 2011 (UTC)
- Haha, I didn't mean it as a competition, just sayin' this has happened like 2 or 3 times. ~ Fmakck© → Talk → Contributions ~ 19:31, February 27, 2011 (UTC)
Flying Thunder God Technique
http://boxmamga.com/online_manga/image_1001-505.html?t=499&n=13 Yamato Announces to Killer Bee that he wasn't quite at the Forth's Level —This unsigned comment was made by Mitchie Okere (talk • contribs) .
Re: messages
Tomoegozen, sorry. --Hazel-rah (talk) 19:32, March 7, 2011 (UTC)
Cleaver Sword Image
Hi i want to ask you a question? why did you delete the cleaver sword anime pic?? plz reply —This unsigned comment was made by Rush27 (talk • contribs) .
Re: Images
I see you added the fair use rationale and license for the images already. Thanks, and I'll make sure I add them next time. Gentle Moonlight (talk) 19:57, March 14, 2011 (UTC)
Ok... I'm sorry LIGHTNING HAWK (talk) 11:37, March 19, 2011 (UTC)
Don't you think that Darui should have a videogame section? LIGHTNING HAWK (talk) 11:41, March 19, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Uchiwa
Madara calls it the Curse of Hatred (憎しみの呪い, Nikushimi no noroi). —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 12:48, March 20, 2011 (UTC)
Hi I'm Morgan silve. I just need to know how to say "light release" and "prism release" in japanese.Luis Gabriel Lamborgini 21:58, March 21, 2011 (UTC)
I'm so sorry, I really didn't know!! :P. Eitherway, I'm terribly sorry for wasting your time. Thank-you for letting me know who was in charge of translations.Luis Gabriel Lamborgini 01:35, March 22, 2011 (UTC)
Oh it's ok, it's just that I want to make good friends with everyone in this Wikia. Is it ok if I show you my own Wikia? Hopefully it wouldn't be advertizing..Luis Gabriel Lamborgini 01:48, March 22, 2011 (UTC)
My site is www.doradies.wikia.com. again you let me tell you it, so hopefully it wouldn't be considered vandalization!! =) Luis Gabriel Lamborgini 02:58, March 22, 2011 (UTC)
I hope it was funny, haha! Well thank-you for your help. Luis Gabriel Lamborgini 20:18, March 22, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Fix it
Thanks :D Thatll be great! —This unsigned comment was made by Raffyjack123 (talk • contribs) .
Shippuuden 204 IMages
It feel like we are having an upload race today :D --Gojita (talk) 12:41, March 24, 2011 (UTC)Gojita
Re: 530 revisited
Shikaku says "Izumo, Kotetsu, I'm leaving Kakuzu to you two and Darui. That guy uses Doton... Base the found around Darui and his Raiton." (「イズモ コテツ、角都はお前達とダルイにまかせる。そいつは土遁を使う…雷遁のダルイを軸に戦え。」, "Izumo, Kotetsu, Kakuzu wa omae-tachi to Darui ni makaseru. Soitsu wa Doton o tsukau... Raiton no Darui o jiku ni tatakae.") —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 19:52, March 25, 2011 (UTC)
RE: Height & Weight
Ok, but out of fairness, if a character had HIV/AIDS, I do think that would constitute at least one sentence...—This unsigned comment was made by Timeel39 (talk • contribs) .
Re: 10 Tails image
I didn't upload it. Also how come we aren't using the two images from the anime in the article? Why should we only have the icon there that someone made instead of something actually from the series? It's kind of weird. And why is the infobox locked? --_-- It's like no one wants to improve the article at all. Banan14kab 00:34, April 1, 2011 (UTC)
That would be my fault. I saw that despite being deleted, it was still being listed in semantic lists, and I was told that recreating the article with no semantic content can be used to overwrite this. Apparently, it worked before in the Yu-Gi-Oh wiki. If this works, we can finally get rid of those red links that show up in semantic lists. Omnibender - Talk - Contributions 19:09, April 2, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Tensei
I noticed that too. The additional filters show up under the new terms, but the jutsu themselves show up under the old terms. I was going to ask Simant if they didn't fix themselves after a week. ~SnapperTo 22:20, April 2, 2011 (UTC)
- I don't think I can actually fix it. I'm not even certain Simant could fix it. It's one of the many semantic peculiarities that has no apparent cause. ~SnapperTo 22:48, April 2, 2011 (UTC)
Ao's article
How come we aren't using the other Byakugan image for Ao's article? Banan14kab 05:28, April 4, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Nobles
The other three are the Aburame clan, the Hyūga clan, and the Uchiha clan. —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 21:20, April 5, 2011 (UTC)
- First databook, page 215. —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 21:50, April 5, 2011 (UTC)
- This should probably be added to the Konohagakure article. SimAnt 22:11, April 5, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Possible issue
I'm not sure what you are seeing... SimAnt 22:11, April 5, 2011 (UTC)
Whether or not there's a space doesn't make a difference. This happens every once in a while with Mangekyō Sharingan. To fix it, you just change something about the article. I usually add a link, change a word, move something, etc. ~SnapperTo 01:44, April 6, 2011 (UTC)
- It may be related to some wiki image feature. The Mangekyō article was previously the only one to have this sort of problem and it's had an image gallery for a long time. And now the same problem is appearing in pages that are taking advantage of the slideshow feature. It's suspicious. ~SnapperTo 03:34, April 6, 2011 (UTC)
Re: this: he's fixing the above problem. ~SnapperTo 21:10, April 17, 2011 (UTC)
maybe I should have been careful in editing images.I now edit in proper way. --{{SUBST:User:Stone Roger/sig}} 13:50, April 6, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Reporting
It is probably best. They probably won't get blocked, but I can keep an eye on them. Jacce | Talk | Contributions 05:53, April 9, 2011 (UTC)
Thanks Cerez. That was a great edit. Much more clearer then the previous wording (:—This unsigned comment was made by SusanooUnleashed (talk • contribs) .
Yeah, sorry about that. I was in abit of a rush and forgot. SusanooUnleashed (talk) 10:00, April 15, 2011 (UTC)
Samehada Picture
How come you decided to change the new Samehada picture with the older one? In the newer one from episode 207, Kisame doesn't have Killer Bee's sword in his shoulder, and Ponta is no longer in the background, so I figured that screenshot would be better. Diamonddeath (talk) 05:18, April 15, 2011 (UTC)
- I was trying to provide an updated version of the picture. I thought that was allowed to be done. I had uploaded the picture as a separate one, but I think it must have gotten deleted because I also tried to update the pictures and accidentally uploaded the picture multiple times. I'll just upload it as a separate picture, again.Diamonddeath (talk) 21:19, April 15, 2011 (UTC)
Ao trapped
You included the video player in the screenshot. Omnibender - Talk - Contributions 01:42, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
- You know, you could have just uploaded the good version on top of the bad one. Omnibender - Talk - Contributions 01:43, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
Neji page
Is that so? Mate, reverting things seems to be YOUR speciality. If I had to post on someone's Talk Page for every edit which gets reverted despite its worthiness, I'd expect others to do the same thing. It's something even Omnibender commented about. --Aldarinor (talk) 12:55, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
Well, in such a case you'd have a Talk Page packed full of complaints for edits I consider good which get constantly reverted because of trifles. You know, if a little something's wrong in what someone wrote, there's no need to annihilate his work by COMPLETELY reverting his edit... You could just delete the thing which doesn't fit in. But that must definitely seem too hard, seeing as everyone keeps reverting everyone's edits... And by the way, I'm not being petty. I'm just doing what I think is right. A bit harshly, I admit, that's not something I enjoy doing, and I'd rather speak civily. But it's not that I'm the only one. --Aldarinor (talk) 13:20, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
I don't need to revaluate anything. If you had read the post above carefully, you would have noticed that I said "I WOULD rather speak civily", something which I'm not doing right now, as evident of my latest openly aggressive attitude. An abominable thing, I admit, but, permit the expression, I'm really pissed off. --Aldarinor (talk) 14:09, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
No idea of what you just said. And that's because, ahem, I'm not really that good at abbreviated forms... What is "tl;dr" supposed to mean? --Aldarinor (talk) 14:16, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
What do you mean with the ref thing? I see it fine. ~ Fmakck© (Images | contribs) 13:57, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
- It might be just a bug, the wikia's been a lot of hem lately. ~ Fmakck© (Images | contribs) 14:00, April 16, 2011 (UTC)
Hi! Are the characters' quotes are based from the manga? Thanks. --Ilnarutoanime (talk) 15:03, April 19, 2011 (UTC)
- Ah, okay! Thank you! ^_^ --Ilnarutoanime (talk) 15:07, April 19, 2011 (UTC)
RE. Itachi and Susanoo
It needed to completely reform. Remember what happened with Sasuke's Susanoo, when it got damaged it needed to completely reform to repair said damage. And why wouldn't Itachi have enough time to form it in the first place? Susanoo appears instantly. Again, you're just denying it since you don't want Itachi to be weaker than you imagined.--NaruHina fan (talk) 20:19, April 19, 2011 (UTC)
Four-Tailed Monkey
why did you delete the edit on the 4-tails. it was true —This unsigned comment was made by THUNDERPANTHER (talk • contribs) .
THUNDERPANTHER (talk) 14:34, April 20, 2011 (UTC) in the manga the flame was green and was flikering like a flame. so why
have you seen the manga pic of it its a flame.THUNDERPANTHER (talk) 14:48, April 20, 2011 (UTC)
THUNDERPANTHER (talk) 14:53, April 20, 2011 (UTC) plus who made this dision
Re: Reporting
Ah Okay! Thanks again :) --Ilnarutoanime (talk) 14:48, April 20, 2011 (UTC)
THUNDERPANTHER (talk) 15:01, April 20, 2011 (UTC) but since when was lava green. unless that the4-tails is always throwing up. most of the powers the tailed best have look normal. but this might be flame with super heat. diffrent flames color have diffrent temps of heat
what do you mean like this.--THUNDERPANTHER
Re: juin
As far as I know, that only goes for technique categories not used in the databooks. —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 16:52, April 20, 2011 (UTC)
- Technically yes, but it was never used as an actual category. The only ones that were are:
- ninjutsu,
- taijutsu,
- genjutsu,
- kekkei genkai,
- hiden,
- juinjutsu,
- fūinjutsu, and
- senjutsu.
- —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 16:59, April 20, 2011 (UTC)
- It should be clone technique. —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 17:04, April 20, 2011 (UTC)
Wouldn't that technically conflict with the actual Clone Technique article? Does to parenthesis listing thing work with the code used to collect jutsu type articles into the jutsu article? Omnibender - Talk - Contributions 21:29, April 20, 2011 (UTC)
Zetsu Communication Jutsu
I'm confused about your explanation of this technique. In the manga white Zetsu said he had to tell him (obviously Madara) about Naruto and Bee's escape and sent roots underground. In the next panel white Zetsu appeared before Madara. Was one of them a clone or something? They were both split in half so your explanation does not make sense unless there were two white Zetsu to begin with and one sent the "message" to the other to tell Madara. Banan14kab 11:40, April 21, 2011 (UTC)
Ah I reread the manga page and see I misinterpreted it. That was Black Zetsu who sent the message to White Zetsu. They both have the flytrap appendages. I didn't notice before since I only paid attention to the panels after Black Zetsu talked so I only noticed the white foot and forgot about the black half that was speaking. OK no biggie. Also do you know any sites that provide episode screenshots early or on a quick basis? I use animay.net , but they are not always up to speed. Banan14kab 12:09, April 21, 2011 (UTC)
Mei and Team
Cerez, you need to reupload the image without the English text. Omnibender - Talk - Contributions 17:15, April 21, 2011 (UTC)
Eight-Tails Subduing Team
In the infobox you should put on the division of "weapons": Kohaku no Jōhei and Manriki-gusari. 18.104.22.168 (talk) 14:00, April 22, 2011 (UTC)
Re: minor trans help
The kanji on the left side of the book (from my point of view) is the kanji for 'deer' (鹿, shika). —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 21:48, April 22, 2011 (UTC)
Seventh Hokage
can u do me a big favour and stop canceling my the seventh hogake because iv watched the latest episode and it says he becomes the hogake —This unsigned comment was made by Hornsey56 (talk • contribs) .
Torune Picture
Why did you remove the picture of Torune's eyes? Diamonddeath (talk) 17:32, April 23, 2011 (UTC)
- Isn't the licensing status that it was in the manga? Also, I figured that it would be a nice image for the mistake, since it was indeed published. Diamonddeath (talk) 04:00, April 28, 2011 (UTC)
Sand Coffin
watch episode 165 of naruto in the anime not the manga im watching it right now the ninja says to kakashi we go from village to village copying and earning new justus her is one you will know and he says sand coffin kakashi says thats gaaras justu you watch the manga not the anime—This unsigned comment was made by Hornsey56 (talk • contribs) .
Re: Trans
Chōza says:
- "Three clans that use rare hiden ninjutsu" (「希少な秘伝忍術を扱う三つの一族達」, "Kishōna hiden ninjutsu o atsukau mittsu no ichizoku-tachi").
There's no real doubt about it: the Akimichi, Nara, and Yamanaka clans all make use of hiden ninjutsu. The question is, of course, whether this means the shinten line ninjutsu are retconned into being hiden, or if Chōza was referring to some other ninjutsu. Perhaps it's only their telepathy that is ninjutsu, or their hiden ninjutsu could have somehow lost its status. —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 20:25, April 25, 2011 (UTC)
Why edit?
Why have you edited that thing about body replacement? How do you know that body flicker is used? How can it be body flicker if the user is pinned down. It isn't logical that user can move from pinned position and that the one that pinned him doesn't even realize that the user got away. If it isn't information from databook it isn't valid as by itself it has many mistakes (stated above).
Re: Hiruko
I am watching episode 20 on crunchyroll and at around 5:55 Chiyo says, "And that puppet Hiruko... used to be a shinobi from another village." ~ Fmakck© (Images | contribs) 16:00, April 27, 2011 (UTC)
- I checked on Hulu.com and Chiyo's saying the same thing. ~ Fmakck© (Images | contribs) 16:17, April 27, 2011 (UTC)
Re:Unsigned Template
Thanks Cerez. K--KiumaruHamachi (talk) 01:17, April 28, 2011 (UTC)iumaruHamachi
Ok. I am tired of this edit warring going on. What exactly is wrong with all my edits? Who is to say the manga Izanagi images are better than the ones I put? This is all a matter of opinion, but I guess I cannot have a free say. And what do you mean wait until next week? I don't need you telling me what to do. Banan14kab 00:46, April 29, 2011 (UTC)
All right you proved your point. I guess the reason I get so mad with people on here usually is because they do not back up their points until I ask them on their pages or ask them to tell me. Also just out of curiousity what is the simple answer? I'm not being sarcastic, I really wan tot know what you meant. Banan14kab 01:44, April 29, 2011 (UTC)
-_- Thanks man. I guess the only solution for edits not to be changed is to not make them at all...basically you're saying I'm incapable of editing at all or making edits that improve. I guess discouraging users to edit is common for you. Guess your edits are the only good ones. Banan14kab 02:17, April 29, 2011 (UTC)
Well the fact that your only solution to my editing problem was to simply not edit at all does sound pretty discouraging so I don't know how you expected me to take the tone of that answer. I understand that there are rules and policies, but when people change my edits most of the time they don't explain why and it ticks me off They should leave edit summaires instead of me having to chase them down on their pages all the time. Banan14kab 02:40, April 29, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Image Etiquette
Hi! I know the raws are preferred. Thanks for it. The reason I change Danzō's image is to put it in his appearance info. I only removed the white spaces. I have a question, why are raws are preferred? Thanks again Cerez365! --Ilnarutoanime (Talk-Contribs.-Images) 11:36, May 1, 2011 (UTC)
Lol! Isn't that because the white bubbles is so white? By the way, thank you again! --Ilnarutoanime (Talk-Contribs.-Images) 11:43, May 1, 2011 (UTC)
Steam-based Ninjutsu
Listen,can you add a page:Steam-based Ninjutsu.I can not do it with a form,so I am asking you to do that.That is Fighting Style used by Han.It is probably used to smokescreen territory,so Han could easly confuse and defeat opponent.Steam is produced in mushroom -like thing on Hans Steam Armour.—This unsigned comment was made by 22.214.171.124 (talk • contribs) .
There's no need to do that because we don't know details of his fighting style. We're doing a speculation if we say so. --Ilnarutoanime (Talk-Contribs.-Images) 05:10, May 2, 2011 (UTC)
All right then.No problem.But,if it appear in manga or anime,we should make that page.—This unsigned comment was made by 188.8.131.52 (talk • contribs) .
Yup. But I don't think Han will appear. Maybe in the next chapters. I apologize for this late reply.--Ilnarutoanime26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 06:34, May 8, 2011 (UTC)
Hahah, what do you have against summary tags? ~ Fmakck© (Images | contribs) 11:02, May 3, 2011 (UTC)
- I think so, but I put the tags in this page because the summary would automatically show up in the Chakra article. You can remove the tags if you want, but remember to add a summary in the chakra page for Gift of the Hermit Group. ~ Fmakck© (Images | contribs) 11:17, May 3, 2011 (UTC)
Hebi Image
Hey there. I don't mean any disrespect in undoing your edits. The reason why I took off the other image is based on the point that everyone else has already said. Only the team's name changed not the members or overall appearance of the team itself. So the Hebi image is largely unnecessary. Do you get what I'm saying? All the other information such as their first appearance as Hebi and Taka has been deleted because it is superfluous. Banan14kab 13:14, May 8, 2011 (UTC)
- Yea good point man. Also I just wanted to explain myself as reasonably as possible that's all. I changed the image to a different Taka one where they are all seen wearing their black cloaks. They were only affiliated with Akatsuki for awhile. Banan14kab 13:48, May 8, 2011 (UTC)
- Oh come on....do any of edits stay or cause no controversy? The current image is the team as Hebi not Taka. There is no picture with them all like that except the one I found. Jugo is an adult in his Akatsuki cloak only. I'll go look for another image e.e Banan14kab 14:25, May 8, 2011 (UTC)
- Nevermind. I give up. I just like to contribute to the wiki. There's no image that meets all criteria. Jugo remains a child from Taka's battle with Killer Bee to fighting A at the Five Kage Summit, but by then Taka is defected. All other Taka images of him are in an Akatsuki cloak. So forget it you guys win. Banan14kab 14:39, May 8, 2011 (UTC)
- Oh come on....do any of edits stay or cause no controversy? The current image is the team as Hebi not Taka. There is no picture with them all like that except the one I found. Jugo is an adult in his Akatsuki cloak only. I'll go look for another image e.e Banan14kab 14:25, May 8, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Necklace
I can't find anything about that type of necklace, sorry. I'll keep on looking, though. —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 21:28, May 8, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Naruto's Taijutsu section
I tried searching already for the anime screenshot... Who do we ask for one?--NaruHina fan (talk) 22:36, May 9, 2011 (UTC)
- I think a Post-Timeskip is needed. Like him fending off Deva Path.--NaruHina fan (talk) 23:15, May 9, 2011 (UTC)
My Bad
Just got the message now i know it's British English.—This unsigned comment was made by Reddju (talk • contribs) .
Re: Amaterasu
Madara has never used it? I'm writing about Jiraiya sealing the fire into a scroll. Not once have I added anything about Madara. Sorry, you have the wrong person.—This unsigned comment was made by Niahn (talk • contribs) .
Thank you. I will change it :D --Ilnarutoanime26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 25 px 04:56, May 11, 2011 (UTC)
Can you change Part 1 age to just 51? that is what the 2nd databook says and I'm not allowed to edit infoboxes without an account. 126.96.36.199 (talk) 15:25, May 11, 2011 (UTC)
- Where is this discussion taking place? 220.127.116.11 (talk) 23:28, May 11, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Shino image
Thank you and...workin' on it.--—This unsigned comment was made by RyunnKazan (talk • contribs) .
Shall do.—This unsigned comment was made by RyunnKazan (talk • contribs) .
Having some trouble here. How do I find the table that I put the information on?—This unsigned comment was made by RyunnKazan (talk • contribs) .
If you edit Infobox:Fuki and Infobox:Kasumi, you'll see captions showing who is who. They aren't showing up in the final product though. ~SnapperTo 16:43, May 12, 2011 (UTC)
Changes To Karin Page
I made an edit recently which explained Karins history in part 1, and although she didn't appear until part 2, she still had an involvement in The Chunin Exams Saga, and although it was mentioned in the Background section, that means nothing, it can be both used as an extra reference, ad many other pages on this wiki have. And even though she wasnt introduced until part 2, Kimimaru wasnt introduced until Sasuke Retrieval, yet if you look at his bio on this wiki, it mentions his involvements with the Chunin arc. So I demand I be given permission to put that part back because there was no problem with it.
- Read Cerez's remark here: [1]--NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 20:08, May 13, 2011 (UTC)
I HAVE SUCCEEDED--126.96.36.199 (talk) 12:02, May 13, 2011 (UTC)
- You didn't hahahaha! --NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 13:05, May 13, 2011 (UTC)
Info Box
Hey, how do you add a picture in an info box? —This unsigned comment was made by RyunnKazan (talk • contribs) .
Danzo Shimura Episode page.
Hey there. I was wondering if you could help me out with something? I'm having some issues with this article. None of the admins have had a problem with the image I have added for the episode cover, but I'm having an edit war with some users who keep reverting it to this image. Is it possible to protect the page for awhile or block it to prevent all this edit warring? I'm tired of people reverting my edits for no reason other than them simply thinking the other is more "dramatic" when I was just trying to add variety. Banan14kab 15:54, May 14, 2011 (UTC)
- OK. I just wanted those users off my ass. I seriously don't think there was anything wrong with my image. People can't get the concept of variety and diversity. I mean the main image doesn't have to be the same one from the jutsu article. Am I right? Banan14kab 16:12, May 14, 2011 (UTC)
- OK...I guess I see your point. Also what do you mean by more "economical"? And it's true it could serve both purposes, but I think it's more creative to find a new one. Anyway it's not your edit or image so I can see why you shouldn't care. I just really don't see why people were so hellbent on changing my edit. Banan14kab 16:25, May 14, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Image Naming
I'm sorry it was an accident. I accidentally upload it without removing it. I put on the rationale thing on it to either change the name or delete it. I'm so sorry. --NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 12:22, May 15, 2011 (UTC)
- Oh I forgot to thank you for asking it to SnapperTo. --NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 13:41, May 15, 2011 (UTC)
Obito Image
Why did you remove Obito's image? I read your summary. It's just like in Kakashi, his image without mask in the manga. --_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 11:45, May 16, 2011 (UTC)
- Okay I got your point. I will just find full-body-image. --_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 11:53, May 16, 2011 (UTC)
What do you mean of that? Kirin is Japanese word or something right? ^_^ --_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 14:07, May 16, 2011 (UTC)
- Oh okay...I got it. Sorry if I disturb you for this nonsense again. --_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 14:14, May 16, 2011 (UTC)
Re: Translation again~
Yo! I hop you don't mind me answering your question. The Kanji simply mean 火影 Hokage :) Seelentau 愛議 17:06, May 16, 2011 (UTC)
what was now the problem with Mei.png? I think, I wrote the license and did everything like you told me. (Don't say me your other picture looks better, because it has a very bad quality and it doesn't look very nice.)°Aizen°(Dissi) 17:59, May 17, 2011 (UTC)
Then you should look at it again and it's hardly noticeable that she looks to the side. After all, this is not as important as quality.°Aizen°(Dissi) 18:25, May 17, 2011 (UTC)
because mine looks better. But I've got an idea how to solve the problem. This way we do it in the german wikia.°Aizen°(Dissi) 18:38, May 17, 2011 (UTC)
Hi Cerez! I saw your images were high quality. Where do you watch Naruto Shippūden Episodes? --_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 13:20, May 18, 2011 (UTC)
- Okay... Thank you very much! I will try to download so.--_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 13:49, May 18, 2011 (UTC)
Kakashi Trivia Undo War
Okay I got it like for Kakkō, a powerful jōnin, that I think, can be considered as major enemy. My deepest apologies for undoing some of your edits which was really correct and complaining such, see I have two or three complains. ^_^ --_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 14:50, May 18, 2011 (UTC)
- Yeah... like
aone of the best shinobi of Konoha, will of course defeat a lot of strong enemies. I'm sorry again for the undo war though mine was wrong. --_-_-=NejiLoverr26 (Talk-Contribs.-Links) 14:59, May 18, 2011 (UTC)
I see now...I guess that makes sense. (Parak111 (talk) 14:38, May 19, 2011 (UTC))
Neiji 539 talk page
I undid your revision to the talkpage of Neiji. The reasoning behind this is I felt it helped create a census on how to word what happened in ch. 539, the topic was discussing how to state what happened without speculating. I understand that some members got off topic but you can't wantonly delete a whole topic because a few people decided to go off topic. Please respond if you have objections, I understand this will be most likely resolved by the next release of Naruto. --Alastar 89 (talk) 20:36, May 19, 2011 (UTC)
I understand that you don't want it turning into a forum but I think it has some relevance to exist because at least a few of the posters - me included - discussed how best to convey the information from the last chapter. We didn't want the way the event was conveyed to be jumping to conclusions on whether Neiji is a traitor, being controlled or is Zetsu. We decided it would be best to have the word 'appear' or middle-ground wording be injected into the explanation since not all information has been presented, it would be equivalent to 'presumed dead' since there isn't a definitive answer. It was an effort to help put a stopper in a potential edit frenzy over the event until the next chapter can possibly explain what is going on; if an explanation is shown and a consensus among members is shown on how it is to be worded, then maybe this will prevent unnecessary changes to the article. If you are truly worried about it, you can place a post in the topic to remind members not to get off topic. I took a look at the subsequent posts after my post and can agree some of those posts were too forum-like in nature but think that some of the posts need to be heard.--Alastar 89 (talk) 21:29, May 19, 2011 (UTC)


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"Medicine is a science through which one knows the states of the human body, whether healthy or not, in order to preserve good health when it exists and restore it when it is lacking." — "Canon of medicine (al-Qānūn fī l-Ṭibb)" by Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā, 980–1037).
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With therapists like this, who need enemies?
(click to enlarge)
A Blog detailing the insanity of my medical practice and the stupidity of everyday life.
Can you get that therapist to give you the lottery numbers for 3 weeks from now, also?
Silly me...here I thought therapy was desined to alleviate symptoms. My guess is that the patient hasn't exactly approved said treatment goals?
Hugs to you Dr. Grumpy. It sure has been a trying week for you - and it is only Wednesday! May your New Year bring you more elightened patients, drug reps, therapists, and colleagues! Yes, I know this won't happen. I am a psychologist after all and am never worried about lack of crayzees on my end - but hey, it is the thought that counts, right? :)
Should be a fairly easy goal to accomplish, anyway.
Psychic Therapist?
They know you troubles before you do.
If I sleep on my arm funny, I can accomplish that in a few hours instead of three weeks.
Wasn't it Maurice Pappworth, a maverick British Physician who excelled at irritating the establishment (and everyone else), who defined physiotherapy as being "a suitable occupation for young bred young women in the interval between finishing school and marriage"? Times have changed. Today even expressing such a thought is rightly an anathema.
Who is in charge of this unit? Dr Mengele?
As an occupational therapist, it's at least nice to know that you read the plan of cares and goals that you receive! Pretty funny though.
As a PT, I'm glad you read the plan and goals too - but are you saying you never made a typo in a report? C'mon pal - we're all human.
Actually I have met physical therapists who could fairly quickly achieve that goal. :-)
Anon- I know it's a typo, and I make them, too. A lot. I don't hold it against the therapist, or the place.
But sometimes things are just funny.
Little Calf Creamery. Delicious homemade ice cream and food in Thousand Oaks!


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ICEF connects educators, education agents, work and travel professionals, and industry service providers to key markets and networks worldwide, supporting the growth and development of international education and global student mobility. Through ICEF's various services, education institutions and agents achieve results and efficiencies in growing international student enrolments.
ICEF Services Include:
- ICEF Workshops: B2B events in all key markets, connecting international educators, agents, and service providers as well as work and travel professionals.
- ICEF Agency Status - quality assurance recognising screened agencies successfully vetted to participate in ICEF Workshops
- ICEF Agent Training: Including the ICEF Agent Training Course (IATC), the Canada Course for Education Agents (CCEA) and the China Education Agent Course (CEAC). Practical, professional training courses for agency-based international student recruitment counsellors.
- ICEF Monitor (www.icefmonitor.com): A free, online resource for unbiased industry news, market intelligence, research, trends, and tips for international student recruitment.
- ICEF Marketing and Sponsorship: Guaranteed exposure and branding to key decision makers in international education and language travel markets.
- The ICEF i-graduate Agent Barometer: An annual worldwide survey on the opinions of agents about the international education industry.
- The ICEF Education Fund: Providing donations and support for selected causes, giving young people around the world access to education.
- CourseFinders - A search engine dedicated to language schools. Enables students to search and compare over 7 500 schools worldwide and read reviews by alumni.


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We have a new documentation site for cPanel & WHM! You can find our new documentation site at docs.cpanel.net.
We will continue to maintain our API documentation on this server.
To add a label to the list of required labels, choose '+ labelname' from Related Labels.
To remove a label from the required labels, choose '- labelname' from above.


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This is an excerpt from Archery edited by USA Archery.
The Importance of a Shot Sequence
A well-defined shot sequence, consistently followed, increases the probability that you will have a more consistent outcome. As a beginner, just learning the basic step-by-step process of shooting the arrow can be complicated because the intricate details of each step of the shot process are still unfamiliar to you and your focus is on the many details of each step of the shot. You might have difficulty performing all steps correctly and consistently. Initially, the entire shot sequence might take 20 to 30 seconds. As you become more comfortable and coordinated, the shot sequence might decrease from 12 to 15 seconds because some of these details will have become automatic subconscious actions. However, you need to have a well-defined shot process with specific steps to excel to the next level. Each step has a specific goal, and you must continue to focus on these steps of the process, especially in competition.
In intense competitions, such as in national championships, world championships, and the Olympic Games, your level of awareness can be different from that during training. Oftentimes the pressure creates a drastic change in awareness. Some athletes report feeling mentally "numb" and that they can easily forget what they are supposed to do, whereas others say they are aware of everything and feel overwhelmed. Having a well-defined shot process helps you stay focused in pressure situations and gives you a set of instructions to follow, thus allowing you to be more consistent and oftentimes to perform better in competition than in training.
The Shot Cycle
Biomechanical strength plays a role in your success in high-pressure competitions. Ideally, athletes who are stronger biomechanically have an advantage in competition. A shot sequence derived from biomechanics gives you an advantage because it allows you to practice more. Proper biomechanics also decreases your probability of being injured because you are using the correct motions throughout the shot cycle.
The shot cycle provides the major steps of shooting correctly and is the foundation of the National Training System. The shot cycle is a series of actions within phases of the shooting process developed with the use of biomechanics by world-renowned archery coach KiSik Lee and first introduced to the world in the book Total Archery, by KiSik Lee and Robert de Bondt. KiSik Lee is one of the most successful coaches in the international archery community and has been coaching professionally for over thirty years. He has developed successful national programs in South Korea and Australia, and now in the United States. Coach Lee's athletes have won nine Olympic gold medals and numerous other Olympic, World Championship, and international medals since 1981.
The purpose of the shot cycle is to give you a set of steps to follow to create a consistent shot process and to allow your body to shoot the bow in the most biomechanically efficient manner. The shot sequence also creates a solid foundation for the mental routine you need to follow to stay focused in competition. The most important goal of the shot cycle is to allow you to shoot every shot with holding. Holding is the feeling of being completely braced in the bow and able to withstand its force.
Figure 3.1 shows a basic diagram depicting the shot cycle and outlining the thirteen basic steps of shooting. The diagram shows how the basic steps of the shot cycle come together to flow into one complete action. During the shot cycle, Newton's laws of motion play a part in describing the forces you encounter. For example, the force the bow applies on you, pulling you forward during the shot and after the release, can be described by Newton's third law of motion. The third law of motion states that every force has an equal and opposite force reacting to it. As you continue to draw the bow back, the bow continues to exert a force on you, pulling you forward. This force is also directly related to the shot process, from holding to follow-through. Holding allows you to resist that force through bone alignment, and the follow-through is a reaction of losing the force that the bow exerts on you while you increase the force applied to the bow.
The thirteen basic steps of shooting follow:
Defining the ConceptsSome key concepts need to be covered before the shot cycle steps are described in detail because many of these concepts are used in this chapter and in many of the remaining chapters. The principles should be the same for everyone, but some of the details will vary for each archer because of body type, size, and strength.A difference exists between focusing on movement as opposed to focusing on muscle contraction. Commonly, in technique sports, people focus on tightening a specific set of muscles and thus create too much tension in one area, making the movement more difficult. An excellent example can be seen in the ways you can move your forearm to your upper arm. First, focus on contracting the biceps to bring your forearm up to your upper arm. Notice this action takes a great deal of effort, causing your forearm to move to your upper arm in a slow and possibly shaky manner. Now focus on moving your forearm to your upper arm without focusing on contracting the biceps. Your forearm moves naturally to your upper arm and with less tension of the biceps. This more natural movement happens because many small muscles in your arm simultaneously contract and relax to create it.The best archers make shooting a bow seem effortless because they are focused on the movement, not on a specific muscle contraction. Describing movement is therefore the main focus in explaining the steps of the shot cycle. Although movement is the key focus, feeling tension in specific areas is necessary for you to confirm you are in the correct position, thus allowing you to become more consistent and to coach yourself through each shot.
Figure 3.2 shows the major muscles of the back, which play a major role in many of your movements and provide you with the strength necessary to properly execute the shot. The middle and lower trapezius, the triceps, and the deltoids are the larger, stronger muscles of the back, shoulder, and arm. These muscles used in combination with the correct bone alignment give you the strength to shoot comfortably and consistently.An important term in learning the correct shot cycle is LAN 2, a half dollar–sized area on the outside of the upper arm, halfway between the shoulder and elbow which you can see in figure 3.2. It is the back of the triceps, located about where the sleeve of a short sleeve shirt ends. Focusing on moving the LAN 2 area during the shot cycle allows you to use the stronger muscles of your body and facilitates the body's smooth movement.
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View more videos at: http://nbcphiladelphia.com.
Police chiefs are investigating an incident, captured on cell phone video, in which a woman was struck by an officer at the Festival de las Americas after the city's Puerto Rican Day Parade.
The video shows several police officers at Sunday's festival amid a crowd of people. The woman, identified as Aida Guzman of Chester, Pa., is shown being hit by one of the officers and falls to the ground.
For more visit NBCPhiladelphia.com.
"You only see one vantage point, but what you do see is disturbing, I have to be honest about that," said Deputy Police Commissioner Richard Ross.
The incident happened near 5th and Lehigh streets in North Philadelphia, after the parade on the parkway. Parade organizers say they had nothing to do with the North Philadelphia event. Officials say Guzman was spraying silly string at officers involved in a traffic stop.
"The guy was out there spinning wheels and burning up tires in the middle of the highway, which is not normal. And we're out there to make sure that stopped. As we're doing it, things are being thrown, liquids are being tossed, substances being sprayed from a can," says Fraternal Order of Police President John McNesby.
Guzman was cited for disorderly conduct. Her face was bleeding as officers took her away. She told NBCPhiladelphia.com: "I feel angry, very angry. I go to someplace, got a good time and look this happen, for no reason."
Philadelphia police confirm the officer involved in the incident is Lt. Jonathan Josey. Josey has been with the department for more than 17 years and is a decorated supervisor with the Highway Patrol. He is now on administrative duty.
Internal Affairs is investigating the incident, according to police. The FOP says it will defend Josey "to the end." McNesby said people often throw things such as bleach and urine at officers, and urged people not to judge the incident based on the video alone.
Lt. Josey has made headlines before. He was exonerated in the shooting death of a Philadelphia man shortly after the man robbed a convenience store in Lower Merion in March 2010.
In July 2010, Lt. Josey was stabbed in the back while trying to break up a fight outside a West Philadelphia bar.
The executive director of Concilio, which organizes the parade every year, called on police to fully investigate the incident.
"While we have no knowledge of what led to the incident, it is clear from the video that a police officer unnecessarily and brutally struck a woman in the face," the statement read. "Even as we celebrate the tremendous advancements of Philadelphia's Hispanic community over the decades, we cannot overlook this episode. We call on the Philadelphia Police Department to fully investigate and take appropriate action."
More content from NBCNews.com:
- Calif. governor vetoes bill that OK'd towns freeing undocumented immigrants
- Feds: Suspect in multimillion-dollar scam is Harvard law grad
- Pranked teen shines at homecoming ceremony
- Police: No foul play in missing NJ teen Kara Alongi case
- Video: Gearing up for Wednesday's big debate


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Soros Fund Management LLC, the family office of billionaire George Soros, boosted its stake in Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., making the Israeli drugmaker its largest holding in the fourth quarter.
The New York-based firm added 5.7 million shares to its stake in Teva during the last three months of 2013, boosting its holding to $373 million, according to a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on Feb. 14. Teva was the fund's largest increase by market value during the period and represents 4 percent of the $9.2 billion fund, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
Teva, the world's largest maker of generic drugs, has gained 10.3 percent this year after its board appointed Erez Vigodman as its new chief executive officer, replacing Jeremy Levin, who resigned in October. The company has pledged to overhaul its board and cut costs as it faces competition from cheaper generic versions for its multiple sclerosis drug Copaxone, which analysts say contributes to more than 50 percent of profit.
Read more at NEWSMAX.
{Matzav.com Newscenter}


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Tag Archives: bat
With shorter days and longer nights Fall allows for more family fun in the evening. With the use of a flashlight and a bit of imagination your Little Pnut can bring Halloween to life right in your home!
What You Will Need:
- Old
- Craft sticks
- Glue
- Black construction paper
- Pencils
- Scissors
- Halloween shaped cookie cutters (optional)
- Flashlight
Assemble Your Puppets
Using the cookie cutters trace Halloween shapes onto black construction paper. We used a bat, ghost and pumpkin but you can use whatever you might like. If you don't have cookie cutters not to worry, just draw your shapes of choice by hand. Or, if your Little Pnut is able, it might be fun to have them draw the shapes. Next cut out the shapes. If you'd like, also c
Get Ready
While your shadow puppets are drying you and your Little Pnut can gather up a flashlight and scout out a nice empty spot on a wall in the house (preferably in a dark or dimly lit room) for some spooky shadow puppet play. You might even want to round up a couple of fun Halloween stories.
Imagine & Play
Once your shadow puppets are dry let the fun begin. Aim your flashlight at the wall and have your Little Pnut hold the puppets in front of it until you see the shadows on the wall. Now, let your Little Pnuts' imagination take over. We used our Spooky Shadow Puppets to act out Halloween stories (like Five Little Pumpkins) or you (and your Little Pnuts of course) can use your imagination and make up your own fun (or spooky) stories. We had a super fun bat & ghost race at our house!
Happy Playing!
Developmental Milestones:
This activities focuses on the following Developmental Milestones for your Little Pnuts:
Fine Motor Skills, Focus and Concentration, Shape Recognition, Hand-Eye Coordination, Creative Play, Imaginative Play & Free Play.—Jennifer Haas, founder of Plain Vanilla Mom.


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A 1952 graduate of Houghton College, Richard J. Alderman earned a direct commission in the United States Air Force. After completing basic officer training, he studied meteorology for a year at New York University and was assigned to the 306th Bomb Wing of the Strategic Air Command as Weather Liaison Officer. His duty with this organization included deployments to Africa, The Azores, Great Britain and Puerto Rico.
He completed four years of service and left the Air Force to pursue his calling as an educator, beginning his career as a math and science teacher at Starpoint near Niagara Falls, New York in 1956. Remaining in the Air Force Reserve, he was called to active duty in 1961-62 during the political crises related to Berlin and Cuba. While mobilized, he served as the Chief Forecaster and Acting Commander of a USAF weather detachment for one year.
After being released from active duty, Alderman continued his career in education, returning to Starpoint for several years before taking a position teaching math and science at Canisteo Central School, where he eventually became principal of the high school.
He continued his teaching career, but chose to remain in the Air Force Reserve, earning promotion to lieutenant colonel after 19 years of service. At this grade, he became the Western New York liaison officer for the U. S. Air Force Academy, and retired in 1985 as a lieutenant colonel with 28 years of service. That year, he exceeded the four cadet quota and placed ten high school students from Rep. Amo Houghton's Congressional District as freshmen at the Air Force Academy. For this achievement and service, he was awarded the Air Force Commendation Medal and Air Force Outstanding Unit Award.
Alderman's ties to Houghton remained strong throughout his teaching career. After serving as president of the Alumni Association in 1972, he joined Houghton College's administration to organize a recruiting and admission program. Taking on additional administrative responsibilities as Registrar and Director of Alumni Affairs, Alderman was for 20 years Houghton College's representative to the Four College Committee, which included St. Bonaventure University. His professional relationship with Seneca Battalion Hall of Fame member Prof. Leo E. Keenan, who represented St. Bonaventure on the Committee, was instrumental in developing cross-registration agreements between these institutions that allowed Houghton students to take military science courses through St. Bonaventure. A partnership agreement made in 1981 has allowed Houghton College students to earn commissions through the St. Bonaventure University Army ROTC program.
Alderman retired from Houghton in 1991 and taught at Southern Wesleyan University in South Carolina for five years. He has been president of two Rotary clubs and in 2006 served as president of the Houghton Community Association and the Mount Pleasant Cemetery Association. Often with his wife Gerry, he has volunteered his time and talent in capacities that included volunteering at a children's home in Macon, Georgia and serving as a driver for the Office of the Aging "Meals on Wheels" program.
Before his retirement from Houghton, his colleagues and students affectionately called Alderman "Mr. ROTC" and the success of many Army officers who are Houghton College graduates ensured his legacy of being "Mr. ROTC" at his alma mater.
Born in Cuba, New York, Albert LaBarbera graduated from St. Bonaventure University in 1952 with a bachelor of business administration degree and a commission as a Regular Army officer earned through the Army ROTC program. He graduated from the Field Artillery Basic Officer Course and the Surface to Surface Missile Battery Officer Course at Fort Sill, Oklahoma and served in a number of artillery officer assignments, including Executive Officer and Battery Commander of the 868th Field Artillery Battalion (280mm), in Germany and S3 of the 523rd Field Artillery Missile Battalion (CPL) at Fort Bliss, Texas.
He completed the Finance Officer Basic Course in 1958 and continued his career in that branch, serving initially as the Deputy Finance Officer of Fort Lee, Virginia until 1960. He completed an MBA in Management from Indiana University in 1961 and was assigned as Advisor to the Comptroller, Turkish Ministry of National Defense and Joint Military Assistance Plans and Programs Officer in Ankara, Turkey until 1964. In this capacity, he assisted the Turkish Ministry of Defense in the establishment of a Comptroller School by providing curriculum, lesson plans and training aids in the Turkish language and was instrumental in the Ministry of Defense's adoption of a training model that assured long-term success of the school. By improving the internal coordination and control of Military Assistance Planning and Programming within the Joint U. S. Mission for Aid to Turkey (JUSMAT), he developed best practices for foreign army training used in future missions.
Following this assignment, he was selected as Deputy Director, Department of Finance and Management Instructor at the U. S. Army Finance School, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indiana. After completing the Finance Officer Advanced Course in 1967, LaBarbera returned to overseas duty when he joined the 4th Infantry Division in Vietnam as its Finance Officer from 1967-68. His association with the 4th Infantry Division remained strong, and he became chairman of the 4th Infantry Division Association, Vietnam Chapter, establishing a scholarship fund for children of the Division's members killed in action and publishing procedures for the handling of funds donated to this cause. Since its inception, the fund has provided financial assistance to more than 300 children. After serving in Vietnam, he returned to the United States and served as the Assistant Chief, Accounting Division of the Defense Supply Agency before another tour in Germany in 1971, where he was Assistant Chief of Staff, Comptroller for VII Corps. He completed his active career as a colonel and Director of Centralized Pay Operations, U. S. Army Finance Center, Fort Benjamin Harrison, a post he held from 1974 until his retirement in 1976.
Actively engaged in a variety of community service projects since his retirement, LaBarbera was President of the Lawrence Indiana Exchange Club and in 2005 earned the Outstanding Exchange Spirit Award for his contribution to a September 11, 2001 terrorist attack memorial. He was named Lawrence 2005 Exchangite of the Year. His military awards include the Legion of Merit with One Oak Leaf Cluster, Meritorious Service Medal with One Oak Leaf Cluster, Joint Service Commendation Medal, Army Commendation Medal, Army of Occupation Medal, National Defense Service Medal with One Service Star, Vietnam Service Medal with 4 Service Stars, Vietnam Campaign Medal, Meritorious Unit Citation, Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation and the Republic of Vietnam Civic Action Honor Medal Unit Citation. In August 2002, he was named a Distinguished Member of the Finance Regiment.
A 1948 graduate of Mount St. Michael High School in the Bronx, Thomas A. Ryan received an academic scholarship to attend St. Bonaventure University. Enrolling as an English major, he joined the Army ROTC program and was a Distinguished Military Graduate of the Class of 1952. He was commissioned a Second Lieutenant, Infantry in the Regular Army while the war in Korea was at its height. He graduated from the Infantry Officer Basic Course and served in several positions in Japan and Okinawa. After three years as an Army officer, he applied for and received an appointment in 1956 to the Central Intelligence Agency, in which he served for thirty-five years.
During his career in the CIA, Ryan was stationed at various times in Brazil, Thailand, Australia and Japan. Perhaps his most significant service, however, was his work as the CIA Station Chief in Warsaw, Poland from 1980 to 1982. His assignment to the post coincided with Lech Walesa's historic movement of shipyard workers at Gdansk, which eventually became known as Solidarity, against Soviet dominated oppression of the Poles. The Soviets were increasingly concerned about this challenge to their authority and had determined to suppress this opposition by military means if necessary, which would have resulted in a catastrophic confrontation with NATO.
The New York Times' Benjamin Weiser detailed Ryan's work in Poland are in his book, A Secret Life: The Polish Officer, His Covert Mission, and the Price He Paid to Save His Country. Ryan became associated with Colonel Ryszard J. Kuklinski, a highly placed member of the Polish General Staff from whom the CIA received uniquely valuable intelligence about the intentions and plans of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact for more than nine years. Kuklinski's one-man war against the Soviet Communists required Ryan to protect the officer in November 1981, when Kuklinski was about to be exposed and arrested for being a spy. Ryan and his wife, Lucille, placed themselves at considerable personal risk in order to pick up Colonel Kuklinski, his wife, and two grown sons on a remote street corner and smuggle them into the U. S. Embassy, from which another Station team carried them out of Poland the same night. The intelligence that Colonel Kuklinski provided included Soviet plans for a possible invasion of the West through Poland and the plans to suppress Solidarity by military means if necessary.
Ryan continued as Station Chief in Warsaw through the imposition of Martial Law in August, 1982. It was on his watch that a worldwide catastrophe was avoided because of the station's adept handling of its informer, and the use of his intelligence. The Soviet fears regarding the Polish challenge to their authority were well founded, as this became the first step in the peaceful dissolution of the Soviet Union.
He retired from government service in 1991, but continued to work with the agency as a contractor. In 2006, Ryan received St. Bonaventure University's the University's Gaudete Medal, honoring joyful service in the humble spirit of St. Francis of Assisi, in recognition of his outstanding work and service to his country for more than 35 years, including the role he played during the rise of Solidarity and the Lech Walesa years in Poland.
Born in 1947 in Jamaica, New York Frank E. "Skip" Saal graduated from the University of Rochester in 1968. He enlisted in the U. S. Army in June 1968, and completed Basic and Advanced Infantry Training at Fort Dix, New Jersey. Selected to attend Infantry Officer Candidate School at Fort Benning, Georgia, he was recognized as the Academic Graduate of his OCS class and commissioned an Infantry second lieutenant in May 1969. He served several months as Training and Executive Officer for a basic training company at the U. S. Army Air Defense Center and School, Fort Bliss, Texas and was recognized for the professionalism he displayed while training young soldiers in a challenging environment.
Saal attended Jungle School at Fort Sherman in the Canal Zone (Panama) and reported for duty in Vietnam, where he was assigned to the U. S. Military Assistance Command Vietnam' (MAC-V) Advisory Team 89. In this assignment, he was instrumental in improving the training of Vietnamese local forces, first with individual weapons and later in patrolling operations from March until October 1970. He became commander of Mobile Advisory Team III-63, Advisory Team 67 and was embedded with the People's Self Defense Force and Popular Forces in Bu Dang Village, Duc Phong District, Duoc Long Province. Living, training and fighting alongside Vietnamese soldiers, he greatly improved these organizations' training level and fighting capability. Saal's success in this assignment was due in great measure to his accompanying of the Regional and Popular forces units during operations into the outlying areas of the Duc Phong District. During his service in Vietnam, he was promoted to first lieutenant.
Returning to the United States in 1971, Saal was honorably discharged from the Army, earned a Master of Science degree in Industrial Psychology at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1973 and in 1976 completed a Ph.D. in Industrial and Organizational Psychology at Pennsylvania State University.
He earned successive academic appointments in the Department of Psychology at Kansas State University, and in 1989 was appointed Head of the Psychology Department. In 1996, he accepted the position of Dean, College of Arts & Sciences, and Professor of Psychology at Mississippi State University, where he worked until 2001, when he returned to the northeast as Vice President for Academic Affairs and Professor of Psychology at St. Bonaventure University.
In each of his academic postings, Saal was supportive of the role of ROTC programs in higher education and the value of the service that cadets provide upon commissioning. At Mississippi State University, he assisted both the Air Force and Army ROTC programs with his leadership, earning the Department of the Army Commander's Award for Public Service in 2000. At St. Bonaventure, he was an active member of the Military Science Advisory Board and a constant supporter of the University's corps of cadets.
In 2004 Saal was named Provost at St. Bonaventure. He has authored a textbook in his field (two editions), numerous research articles in psychological journals and several chapters in edited volumes and is co-editor of an additional book. His military awards include the Bronze Star, Army Commendation Medal, Vietnam Service Medal, Vietnam Campaign Medal with Two Service Stars, National Defense Service Medal and the Combat Infantryman's Badge.
Victor J. Tofany was born in Rochester, New York in 1921 and learned the value of hard work and family while growing up in the depths of the Depression. He graduated from the Aquinas Institute and enrolled as a freshman at St. Bonaventure College in 1938. Inspired by the patriotism of his World War I veteran father, he joined the ROTC program and was named the Ideal Bonaventure Man. Immediately after receiving his commission and degree on May 29, 1942, Second Lieutenant Tofany was ordered to active duty. He reported to the Field Artillery Replacement Training Center at Fort Bragg, North Carolina and was impressed by the training activities for the fledgling airborne troops.
One of the first Bonaventure men to volunteer for this duty, he completed parachute training and attended the parachute rigger school. He reported next to the Field Artillery Test Battalion as parachute maintenance officer, where he was instrumental in the design, development and testing of the equipment required by a parachute field artillery battalion. He would later receive the Legion of Merit for the results he achieved as a pioneering airborne officer. The Test Battalion was designated as the 456th Parachute Field Artillery and assigned to the 82nd Airborne Division for deployment to Africa in preparation for the invasion of Southern Europe.
He participated in the Italian campaign and when moved to Anzio, learned that his unit would be split and that he would remain with the half of the battalion that remained as the redesignated 463rd Parachute Field Artillery Battalion. With this organization, he supported the unique Canadian-American First Special Service Force until the capture of Rome in June 1944. The 463rd was designated to support the 509th Parachute Infantry Regiment for the invasion of southern France and, expanded to full strength and provided additional howitzers, the 463rd fought through southern France, the maritime Alps and the French Riviera. Tofany and his battalion were sent to Mourmelon, France for assignment to the 17th Airborne Division, but Allied response to the December 1944 German offensive that led to the Battle of the Bulge required the 463rd to be attached to the 101st Airborne Division. Ordered to support the 327th Glider Infantry Regiment at Bastogne, Belgium, he participated in the Christmas Day repulsion of the German Panzer Task Force, where his battery was the only one capable of providing indirect fire to any point in the sector. In January 1945 he deployed to the Alsace region and his unit was assigned to the 101st Airborne. By late 1945 he was sent home to the United States and honorably discharged.
Tofany graduated from the University of Rochester School of Medicine in 1950, trained in anesthesiology and set up a practice in Rochester. He was the chairman of the Department of Anesthesiology at St. Mary's Hospital and served in numerous local, regional and national medical positions. He served as President of the Medical Staff at St. Mary's from 1966-69 and was Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Medical Society of the State of New York from 1988-89. He published and presented extensively in his nascent field of expertise and received numerous professional awards, including the American Medical Association Physician's Recognition Award. As a student at St. Bonaventure, he had been instrumental in forming the Rochester Club and he joined with others to stimulate the establishment of an alumni chapter in Rochester, which later promoted the concept of annual giving to the University. His military awards include the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star, Purple Heart, European, African, Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with Five Battle Stars and Bronze Arrowhead, Parachutist Badge with 1 Combat Star and the Presidential Unit Citation.
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An hour ago I updated to the latest nightly build of firefox, see build identifier below.
As far as I got it up to now they changed the parameters stride and offset in vertexAttribPointer. It counts now in bytes, no longer in floats. Also it's possible that the required size for an VBO is now calculated absolutely wrong, because still counting in floats. However, I have to go more into this…
Does anyone knows where to find an changelog?
Build Identifier:
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.3a1pre) Gecko/20091102 Minefield/3.7a1pre


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fay-0.1.2.0: A compiler for Fay, a Haskell subset that compiles to JavaScript.
Convert a Haskell value to a Fay value.
showToFay :: Show a => a -> StringSource
Convert a Haskell value to a Fay value. To read this in from JS,
use Fay.eval() which will evaluate the code in the context of Fay.
Produced by Haddock version 2.10.0