text:
Frequent Links
Windows Server 2008
|This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. (August 2008)
|A version of the Windows NT operating system
Screenshot of Windows Server 2008
|Source model
|Closed source / Shared source
|Released to
|February 4, 2008
|February 27, 2008[1]
|Latest release
|6.0 (Build 6002: Service Pack 2) / July 22, 2009[2]
|Update method
|Windows Update, Windows Server Update Services, SCCM
|IA-32, x86-64, Itanium
|Kernel type
|Proprietary commercial software
|Preceded by
|Windows Server 2003 (2003)
|Succeeded by
|Windows Server 2008 R2 (2009)
|Official website
|Support status
Mainstream support ended on 13 January 2015.[3]
Extended support ends on 14 January 2020.
|Articles in the series
Windows Server 2008 (sometimes abbreviated as "Win2K8"[4] or "W2K8") is one of Microsoft Windows' server line of operating systems. Released to manufacturing on February 4, 2008, and officially released on February 27, 2008, it is the successor to Windows Server 2003, released nearly five years earlier. A second release, named Windows Server 2008 R2, was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009.[5]
- 1 History
- 2 Features
- 2.1 Server Core
- 2.2 Active Directory roles
- 2.3 Failover Clustering
- 2.4 Self-healing NTFS
- 2.5 Hyper-V
- 2.6 Windows System Resource Manager
- 2.7 Server Manager
- 2.8 Other features
- 3 Removed features
- 4 Editions
- 5 Service Pack
- 6 Windows Server 2008 R2
- 7 System requirements
- 8 Scalability
- 9 See also
- 10 Notes
- 11 References
- 12 Further reading
- 13 External links
Originally known as Windows Server Codename "Longhorn", Microsoft chairman Bill Gates announced its official title (Windows Server 2008) during his keynote address at WinHEC 16 May 2007.[6]
Beta 1 was released on 27 July 2005, Beta 2 was announced and released on 23 May 2006 at WinHEC 2006 and Beta 3 was released publicly on 25 April 2007.[7] Release Candidate 0 was released to the general public on 24 September 2007[8] and Release Candidate 1 was released to the general public on 5 December 2007. Windows Server 2008 was released to manufacturing on 4 February 2008 and officially launched on 27 February 2008.[9]
Windows Server 2008 is built from the same code base as Windows Vista; therefore, it shares much of the same architecture and functionality. Since the code base is common, it automatically comes with most of the technical, security, management and administrative features new to Windows Vista such as the rewritten networking stack (native IPv6, native wireless, speed and security improvements); improved image-based installation, deployment and recovery; improved diagnostics, monitoring, event logging and reporting tools; new security features such as BitLocker and ASLR (address space layout randomization); improved Windows Firewall with secure default configuration; .NET Framework 3.0 technologies, specifically Windows Communication Foundation, Microsoft Message Queuing and Windows Workflow Foundation; and the core kernel, memory and file system improvements. Processors and memory devices are modeled as Plug and Play devices, to allow hot-plugging of these devices. This allows the system resources to be partitioned dynamically using Dynamic Hardware Partitioning; each partition has its own memory, processor and I/O host bridge devices independent of other partitions.[10]
Server Core
Windows Server 2008 includes a variation of installation called Server Core. Server Core is a significantly scaled-back installation where no Windows Explorer shell is installed. All configuration and maintenance is done entirely through command-line interface windows, or by connecting to the machine remotely using Microsoft Management Console. However, Notepad and some control panel applets, such as Regional Settings, are available.
Server Core does not include the .NET Framework, Internet Explorer, Windows PowerShell or many other features not related to core server features. A Server Core machine can be configured for several basic roles: Domain controller/Active Directory Domain Services, ADLDS (ADAM), DNS Server, DHCP server, file server, print server, Windows Media Server, IIS 7 web server and Hyper-V virtual server. Server Core can also be used to create a cluster with high availability using failover clustering or network load balancing.
Andrew Mason, a program manager on the Windows Server team, noted that a primary motivation for producing a Server Core variant of Windows Server 2008 was to reduce the attack surface of the operating system, and that about 70% of the security vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows from the prior five years would not have affected Server Core.[11]
Active Directory roles
Active Directory roles are expanded with identity, certificate, and rights management services. Active Directory, until Windows Server 2003, allowed network administrators to centrally manage connected computers, to set policies for groups of users, and to centrally deploy new applications to multiple computers. This role of Active Directory is being renamed as Active Directory Domain Services (ADDS).[12] A number of other additional services are being introduced, including Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS), Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS), (formerly Active Directory Application Mode, or ADAM), Active Directory Certificate Services (ADCS), and Active Directory Rights Management Services (ADRMS). Identity and certificate services allow administrators to manage user accounts and the digital certificates that allow them to access certain services and systems. Federation management services enable enterprises to share credentials with trusted partners and customers, allowing a consultant to use his company user name and password to log in on a client's network. Identity Integration Feature Pack is included as Active Directory Metadirectory Services. Each of these services represents a server role.
Failover Clustering
Windows Server 2008 offers high-availability to services and applications through Failover Clustering. Most server features and roles can be kept running with little to no downtime.
In Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2, the way clusters are qualified changed significantly with the introduction of the cluster validation wizard.[13] The cluster validation wizard is a feature that is integrated into failover clustering in Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2. With the cluster validation wizard, an administrator can run a set of focused tests on a collection of servers that are intended to use as nodes in a cluster. This cluster validation process tests the underlying hardware and software directly, and individually, to obtain an accurate assessment of how well failover clustering can be supported on a given configuration.
Note: This feature is only available in Enterprise and Datacenter editions of Windows Server.
Self-healing NTFS
In Windows versions prior to Windows Vista, if the operating system detected corruption in the file system of an NTFS volume, it marked the volume "dirty"; to correct errors on the volume, it had to be taken offline. With self-healing NTFS, an NTFS worker thread is spawned in the background which performs a localized fix-up of damaged data structures, with only the corrupted files/folders remaining unavailable without locking out the entire volume and needing the server to be taken down. The operating system now features S.M.A.R.T. detection techniques to help determine when a hard disk may fail.[14]
Hyper-V is hypervisor-based virtualization software, forming a core part of Microsoft's virtualization strategy. It virtualizes servers on an operating system's kernel layer. It can be thought of as partitioning a single physical server into multiple small computational partitions. Hyper-V includes the ability to act as a Xen virtualization hypervisor host allowing Xen-enabled guest operating systems to run virtualized.[15] A beta version of Hyper-V shipped with certain x86-64 editions of Windows Server 2008, prior to Microsoft's release of the final version of Hyper-V on 26 June 2008 as a free download. Also, a standalone version of Hyper-V exists; this version supports only x86-64 architecture.[16] While the IA-32 editions of Windows Server 2008 cannot run or install Hyper-V, they can run the MMC snap-in for managing Hyper-V.
Windows System Resource Manager
Windows System Resource Manager (WSRM) is integrated into Windows Server 2008. It provides resource management and can be used to control the amount of resources a process or a user can use based on business priorities. Process Matching Criteria, which is defined by the name, type or owner of the process, enforces restrictions on the resource usage by a process that matches the criteria. CPU time, bandwidth that it can use, number of processors it can be run on, and allocated to a process can be restricted. Restrictions can be set to be imposed only on certain dates as well.
Server Manager
Server Manager is a new roles-based management tool for Windows Server 2008.[17] It is a combination of Manage Your Server and Security Configuration Wizard SCW from Windows Server 2003. Server Manager is an improvement of the Configure my server dialog that launches by default on Windows Server 2003 machines. However, rather than serve only as a starting point to configuring new roles, Server Manager gathers together all of the operations users would want to conduct on the server, such as, getting a remote deployment method set up, adding more server roles etc., and provides a consolidated, portal-like view about the status of each role.[18]
Other features
Other new or enhanced features include:
Core OS improvements
- Fully multi-componentized operating system.
- Improved hot patching, a feature that allows non-kernel patches to occur without the need for a reboot.
- Support for being booted from Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI)-compliant firmware on x86-64 systems.
- Dynamic Hardware Partitioning
- Support for the hot-addition or replacement of processors and memory, on capable hardware.
Active Directory improvements
- Read-only domain controllers (RODCs) in Active Directory, intended for use in branch office or other scenarios where a domain controller may reside in a low physical security environment. The RODC holds a non-writeable copy of Active Directory, and redirects all write attempts to a Full Domain Controller. It replicates all accounts except sensitive ones.[citation needed][clarification needed] In RODC mode, credentials are not cached by default. Moreover, only the replication partner of the RODC needs to run Windows Server 2008.[clarification needed] Also, local administrators can log on to the machine to perform maintenance tasks without requiring administrative rights on the domain.[citation needed]
- Restartable Active Directory allows ADDS to be stopped and restarted from the Management Console or the command-line without rebooting the domain controller. This reduces downtime for offline operations and reduces overall DC servicing requirements with Server Core. ADDS is implemented as a Domain Controller Service in Windows Server 2008.
- All of the Group Policy improvements from Windows Vista are included. Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) is built-in. The Group Policy objects are indexed for search and can be commented on.[19]
- Policy-based networking with Network Access Protection, improved branch management and enhanced end user collaboration. Policies can be created to ensure greater Quality of Service for certain applications or services that require prioritization of network bandwidth between client and server.
- Granular password settings within a single domain - ability to implement different password policies for administrative accounts on a "group" and "user" basis, instead of a single set of password settings to the whole domain.
Disk management and file storage improvements
- The ability to resize hard disk partitions without stopping the server, even the system partition. This applies only to simple and spanned volumes, not to striped volumes.
- Shadow Copy based block-level backup which supports optical media, network shares and Windows Recovery Environment.
- DFS enhancements - SYSVOL on DFS-R, Read-only Folder Replication Member. There is also support for domain-based DFS namespaces that exceed the previous size recommendation of 5,000 folders with targets in a namespace.[20]
- Several improvements to Failover Clustering (High-availability clusters).[21]
- Internet Storage Naming Server (iSNS) enables central registration, deregistration and queries for iSCSI hard drives.
Protocol and cryptography improvements
- Support for 128- and 256-bit AES encryption for the Kerberos authentication protocol.
- New cryptography (CNG) API which supports elliptic curve cryptography and improved certificate management.
- Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol, a new Microsoft proprietary VPN protocol.
- AuthIP, a Microsoft proprietary extension of the IKE cryptographic protocol used in IPsec VPN networks.
- Server Message Block 2.0 protocol in the new TCP/IP stack provides a number of communication enhancements, including greater performance when connecting to file shares over high-latency links and better security through the use of mutual authentication and message signing.
Miscellaneous improvements
- Windows Deployment Services replacing Automated Deployment Services and Remote Installation Services. Windows Deployment Services (WDS) support an enhanced multicast feature when deploying operating system images.[22]
- Internet Information Services 7 - Increased security, Robocopy deployment, improved diagnostic tools, delegated administration.
- Windows Internal Database, a variant of SQL Server Express 2005, which serves as a common storage back-end for several other components such as Windows System Resource Manager, Windows SharePoint Services and Windows Server Update Services. It is not intended to be used by third-party applications.
- An optional "Desktop Experience" component provides the same Windows Aero user interface as Windows Vista, both for local users, as well as remote users connecting through Remote Desktop.
Removed features
- The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol component in Routing and Remote Access Service was removed.[23]
- Services for Macintosh, which provided file and print sharing via the now deprecated AppleTalk protocol, has been removed. Services for Macintosh were removed in Windows XP from client operating systems but were available in Windows Server 2003.[23]
- NTBackup is replaced by Windows Server Backup, and no longer supports backing up to tape drives.[24] As a result of NTBackup removal, Exchange Server 2007 does not have volume snapshot backup functionality; however Exchange Server 2007 SP2 adds back an Exchange backup plug-in for Windows Server Backup which restores partial functionality.[25] Windows Small Business Server and Windows Essential Business Server both include this Exchange backup component.[26]
- The POP3 service has been removed from Internet Information Services 7.0.[27] The SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) service is not available as a server role in IIS 7.0, it is a server feature managed through IIS 6.0.
- NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) is no longer part of Internet Information Services 7.0.
Compared to its predecessor, most editions of Windows Server 2008 are available in x86-64 and IA-32 versions. These editions come in two DVDs: One for installing the IA-32 variant and the other for x64. Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-based Systems supports IA-64 processors. Microsoft has optimized the IA-64 version for high-workload scenarios like database servers and Line of Business (LOB) applications. As such, it is not optimized for use as a file server or media server. Microsoft has announced that Windows Server 2008 is the last 32-bit Windows server operating system.[28] Editions of Windows Server 2008 include:[29]
- Windows Server 2008 Standard (IA-32 and x86-64)
- Windows Server 2008 Enterprise (IA-32 and x86-64)
- Windows Server 2008 Datacenter (IA-32 and x86-64)
- Windows HPC Server 2008 (Codenamed "Socrates") (replacing Windows Compute Cluster Server)
- Windows Web Server 2008 (IA-32 and x86-64)
- Windows Storage Server 2008 (Codenamed "Magni") (IA-32 and x86-64)
- Windows Small Business Server 2008 (Codenamed "Cougar") (x86-64) for small businesses
- Windows Essential Business Server 2008 (Codenamed "Centro") (x86-64) for medium-sized businesses[30] (Discontinued)[31]
- Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-based Systems
- Windows Server 2008 Foundation (Codenamed "Lima") (x86-64) for OEMs only[32]
Microsoft DreamSpark program provides verified students with the 32-bit variant of Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition.
The Server Core feature is available in the Web, Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter editions.
Service Pack
Microsoft occasionally releases service packs for its Windows operating systems to fix bugs and also add new features.
Because Windows Server 2008 is based on the Windows NT 6.0 Service Pack 1 kernel, the RTM release is considered to be Service Pack 1; accordingly, the first service pack is called Service Pack 2. Announced on October 24, 2008,[33] this service pack contains the same changes and improvements as the Windows Vista Service Pack 2, as well as the final release of Hyper-V 1.0, and an approximate 10% reduction in power usage.
The first SP2 beta build was sent out in October 2008, a public beta arrived in December 2008, and an RC-escrow build was given to testers in January 2009. Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 share a single service pack binary, reflecting the fact that their code bases were joined with the release of Server 2008. On May 26, 2009, Service Pack 2 was ready for release. It is now available in Windows Update.
Windows Server 2008 R2
A second release, Windows Server 2008 R2, was released on October 22, 2009.[34] Retail availability began September 14, 2009.[35] Windows Server 2008 R2 reached the RTM milestone on July 22, 2009.[36] Like Windows 7, it is built on Windows NT 6.1. New features include new virtualization features, new Active Directory features, IIS 7.5, and support for 256 logical processors. Support for 32-bit-only processors (IA-32) has been removed. On July 22, 2009, Microsoft officially announced that they had released both Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 to manufacturing. Windows Server 2008 R2 was generally available for download from MSDN and Technet on August 19 and for retail purchase from October 22, 2009.
System requirements
System requirements for Windows Server 2008 are as follows:
|2 GHz
|1.4 GHz (x86-64 or Itanium)
|2 GHz
|DVD drive, 800 × 600 display, keyboard and mouse
Windows Server 2008 supports the following maximum hardware specifications:[40][41][42]
|Windows Server 2008 SP2
|Windows Server 2008 R2
| Physical processors
| Logical processors
when Hyper-V is disabled[41]
| Logical processors
when Hyper-V is enabled[41]
| Memory
on IA-32[42]
| Memory
on x64[42]
| Memory
on Itanium[42]
See also
- ^ http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/features/2008/feb08/02-04WS2008.mspx
- ^ http://blogs.technet.com/windowsserver/archive/2009/07/22/windows-server-2008-r2-rtm.aspx
- ^ Microsoft. "Windows Server 2008 Lifecycle Policy". Microsoft. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
- ^
Crowley, Matthew (2010). Pro Internet Explorer 8 & 9 Development: Developing Powerful Applications for the Next Generation of IE. Apress. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-4302-2853-0.
On XP SP3, Vista SP1+, Win2K8, Windows 7, and Win2K8R2, IE opts onto DEP/NX by default
- ^ Rist, Oliver (22 July 2009). "Windows Server 2008 R2 Reaches the RTM Milestone!". Windows Server Blog. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ Miller, Michael J. (2007-05-15). "Gates at WinHec 2007: Windows Server 2008, Rally, Home Server and More". Forward Thinking. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
- ^ Lowe, David (2007-04-25). "Beta 3 is Go!". Windows Server Division WebLog. Microsoft. Retrieved 2007-04-25.
- ^ Ralston, Ward (2007-09-24). "Windows Server 2008 Rc0 Released!". Windows Server Division WebLog. Microsoft. Retrieved 2007-09-24.
- ^ Nate Mook. "New Windows Server, Visual Studio, SQL Server to Launch in February". BetaNews. Retrieved 2007-07-11. It is also commonly referred to as Vista Server
- ^ "Dynamic Hardware Partitioning Architecture". MSDN. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
- ^ "Iain McDonald and Andrew Mason show off the new Windows Server OS". Channel 9. Microsoft. May 24, 2006. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ Hynes, Byron (November 2006). "The Future of Windows: Directory Services in Windows Server 2008". TechNet Magazine. Retrieved 2007-05-02.
- ^ "Failover Cluster Validation Error 80070005 on Windows Server 2008 R2 x64". Capitalhead. 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2013-10-28.
- ^ Loveall, John (2006). "Storage improvements in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008" (POWERPOINT). Microsoft Corporation. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
- ^ "Benchmarking Hyper-V on Windows Server 2008 R2 x64". Benchmarking Hyper-V on Windows Server 2008 R2 x64. 2010-01-20. Retrieved 2010-01-28.
- ^ "Microsoft Extends Virtualization Strategy, Outlines Product Road Map". Microsoft. 2006-05-22. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
- ^ "Server Manager". Windows Server 2008 Technical Library. Microsoft TechNet. 2007-06-25. Retrieved 2007-05-02.
- ^ "Unexpected error refreshing Server Manager-0x800706BE and 1601 on Window Server 2008 R2". Unexpected error refreshing Server Manager-0x800706BE and 1601 on Window Server 2008 R2. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
- ^ Ward, Keith (2007-10-08). "Top 10 Overlooked Windows Server 2008 Features, Part 2". Redmond Developer News. Archived from the original on 2014-10-10. Retrieved 2014-10-10.
- ^ Zoeller, Jill (26 July 2007). "New in Windows Server 2008: Breaking the 5K Folder "Barrier" in Domain-Based Namespaces". The Storage Team at Microsoft - File Cabinet Blog. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ "Failover Clustering with Windows Server 2008 including http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_shared_volumes". Microsoft. 2007-01-17. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
- ^ "Multicasting OS deployments with Windows Server 2008". Kevinsul's Management Blog. Microsoft. 29 August 2007. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ a b "Removed technologies in Routing and Remote Access in Windows Server 2008". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ "Windows Server Backup Step-by-Step Guide for Windows Server 2008". TechNet. Microsoft. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ "Exchange Server 2007 Service Pack 2 available in Q3 2009". The Exchange Team Blog. 11 May 2009. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ Bilic, Nino (18 June 2008). "To Backup or Not to Backup? Yes! To backup!!". The Exchange Team Blog. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ "IIS 7.0 Protocols". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ Heaton, Alex (2007-05-18). "On 64-bit and Windows Client". Windows Vista Team Blog. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
- ^ "Windows Server 2008 Product Editions". Microsoft. 2007-04-25. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
- ^ Ligman, Eric (7 November 2007). "Announcing Windows Essential Business Server". Microsoft Small Business Blog. Microsoft. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
- ^ "Windows Essential Business Server 2008". Technet.microsoft.com. 2010-12-31. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ "Windows Server 2008 Foundation: An Entry-Level Server Platform". Petri IT Knowledgebase. 2009-04-17. Retrieved 2014-01-08.
- ^ Justin Graham (October 24, 2008). "Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 beta". Microsoft. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
- ^ "Windows Server 2008 R2: Getting Started". Microsoft. Retrieved 2009-07-13.
- ^ "When to expect Windows Server 2008 R2 RTM - Windows Server Blog - Site Home - TechNet Blogs". Blogs.technet.com. 2009-07-22. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ "Windows Server 2008 R2 Reaches the RTM Milestone! - Windows Server Blog - Site Home - TechNet Blogs". Blogs.technet.com. 2009-07-22. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ a b "Windows Server 2008 System Requirements". 31 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
- ^ a b c "Microsoft Windows Server 2008 System Requirements". Microsoft.com. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ "Microsoft Windows Server 2008 System Requirements". Microsoft. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ Savill, John (October 28, 2011). "Q: What are Windows Server 8's Scalability Numbers?". Windows IT Pro. Penton Media. Retrieved November 5, 2011.
- ^ a b c d Seldam, Matthijs ten (October 13, 2012). "Windows Server - Sockets, Logical Processors, Symmetric Multi Threading". Matthijs's blog. Microsoft. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
- ^ a b c d "Memory Limits for Windows and Windows Server Releases". MSDN. Microsoft. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
Further reading
- "What's New in Networking". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- "Changes in Functionality from Windows Server 2003 with SP1 to Windows Server 2008". TechNet. Microsoft. 21 January 2008. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- "Description of the Microsoft server applications that are supported on Windows Server 2008". Support. Microsoft. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- "Windows Server 2008 System Requirements". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- Henderson, Tom; Dvorak, Rand (21 February 2008). "Windows Server 2008: Faster, more manageable and secure, but still missing the virtual link". Network World. IDG. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- Radzikowski, Przemek (21 February 2010). "How to Find Build and Revision Number of Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008 Installed". Capitalhead. Capitalhead Pty. Ltd. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- Stanek, William (2008). Windows Server 2008 Inside Out. Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-2438-2.
External links
|Wikiversity has learning materials about Windows Server
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text:
Who do u think the knicks will sign during the 2009 off season?
Who do u think the knicks will sign during the 2009 off season?
i hope its Artest, i know we have lots of SF's but we need Artest...he's a good 2nd option and game-changer on defense......
DaTPRiNCE...That EGYPTiAN Fella, #MeloMafia
No one. No one that year is worth the money we don't have to spend.
Signature size exceeds limits.
Artest would be a huge addition, and Lee will demand around 8-10 mill about the same artest will get i'd rather pay that to Artest then Lee.....and plus Kobe might be a free agent why not him
DaTPRiNCE...That EGYPTiAN Fella, #MeloMafia
We're still gonna be over the cap in 2009 (I think). We're not gonna sign anyone, we have to stay under the cap for 2010, and have the lowest salary possible.
no one....we will be on Wade's ass to come to New York and won't spend a dollar until he is here...
he is the clean cut, model/ supertalent baller to clean up this organization for years to come...
I don't want anyone, no need to spend any money on someone who will clog up our cap space, lets save it for 2010 and build with the draft till then.
If Harrington leaves then they might have some space to sign aArtest/Marion type player maybe
the only free a's we need to worry about are our own.
Artest!!! NO THANKYOU. The guy is an injury prone bum. Havent we been down the cancer road recently and you want to add Crazy Brains Artest.
Listen I am a SJ fan, so I watched him play all through College and I used to love him. But all the crap he pulls is old. More importantly he has never played a full season, he is always hurt. No thanks.
Lee over Artest any day. Artest without a doubt better player. Lee better teamate. As you have see all the teams that win do it with teamates, not 5 playas!
what if oden continues to be a dud, and come 2010 the trail blazers don't resign him, should the knicks sign him ?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Dear Member of the U.S. Congress;
On January 8th, 2009, you will be meeting in a joint session of Congress in order to perform the final step of COUNTING and CONFIRMING the electoral votes for the President of the United States (POTUS).
This urgent letter is a request by your (and Mr. Obama's) employers, We The People, for you to submit an OBJECTION to those votes being counted due to the Constitutional INELIGIBILITY of Barack Hussein Obama, Jr. to serve as POTUS:
1. No proof that he was born on U.S. sovereign territory, as required by Article II of the U.S. Constitution (the posting of his forged & fraudulent Certification of Live Birth (C.O.L.B.) only proves fraud – and that he's INELIGIBLE;
2. No proof that he ever applied for U.S. citizenship, when reaching the age of majority, following his years as a citizen of Indonesia (this would make him 'naturalized', and therefore INELIGIBLE);
3. No proof that he was born of two parents of U.S. citizenship, with both owing allegiance to and being under the jurisdiction of the U.S., as required by law and/or the Constitution, in order to be a 'natural-born citizen'. (actually he has freely admitted the opposite to be true, and therefore INELIGIBLE);
4. No proof that he was authorized, as a 'natural-born U.S. citizen' with a U.S. Passport, to travel to Pakistan in 1981 (he could not by law), or that he re-applied for 'naturalized' U.S. citizenship on his return, which would also make him INELIGIBLE;
5. No certified proof that he registered for the draft/Selective Service between the ages of 18 and 26, as required by law, thereby rendering him ineligible, by law, for employment in the Executive Branch of our government, and therefore INELIGIBLE for POTUS. (NOTE: over a year of multiple FOIA requests produced a forged and blatantly fraudulent Selective Service Registration form that should be cause for indictments and arrests);
6. No proof that he is, in fact, not an illegal alien, and therefore subject to the same penalties that would befall all illegal aliens in his situation. Therefore, INELIGIBLE;
Constructive Knowledge would inform and confirm to all who have examined the facts of this collossal fraud being perpetrated upon We The People of America (see www.DrOrly.Blogspot.com – 'Open Letter to C.J. Roberts') that confirming the electoral votes and thereby furthering the act of installing Mr. Obama as POTUS could possibly be construed as failure to honor one's oath of office.
Therefore, we are calling on you, as a member of Congress, sworn to uphold, protect, and defend that Constitution, to OBJECT to the counting and confirmation of those electoral votes until proof of his eligibility or ineligibility can be determined, and to call for indictments in regard to any and all alleged violations of U.S. laws and one's sworn oath.
Please let us know if you intend to stand with We The People in this epic battle to defend and preserve our Constitution. Our Nation can survive four years of any President. It cannot survive without a Constitution.
We The People of the United States of America
Please advise of your INTENT TO OBJECT to email@example.com


text:
U.S. Department of Education
I am deeply saddened by the news of Eunice Kennedy Shriver's passing. Eunice--inspired by her sister Rosemary--devoted most of her adult life to helping young people with disabilities reach their highest potential. Eunice understood that every young person can achieve when given a chance.
Eunice and her husband Robert Sargent Shriver, Jr. opened their home to hold summer camps, so young people with disabilities could engage in sports, develop friendships and show what they could do. These camps spread across the country and led Eunice to found the Special Olympics. In 1968, the first Special Olympics World Summer Games were held in Chicago. Today, thanks to the work of Eunice and many individuals she has inspired, Special Olympics serves over 3 million athletes with disabilities in every corner of the globe.
The U.S. Department of Education is providing $8.1 million in support to the Special Olympics this year through grants, which help individuals with disabilities engage in sports training and competitive activities, leading to improvements in the quality of life.
Eunice and Sargent Shriver made it their life's work to engage young people in service and passed that commitment on to their children. As we work to bring about education reforms, we look to the inspiration of extraordinary people like Eunice Shriver to guide us in providing an education that allows every child to reach their full potential in life.
Our thoughts and prayers go out to the Shriver and Kennedy families.


text:
Federal Reserve System
Federal Reserve System, central banking system of the United States. Established in 1913, it began to operate in Nov., 1914. Its setup, although somewhat altered since its establishment, particularly by the Banking Act of 1935, has remained substantially the same.
Sections in this article:
- Introduction
- Function
- Structure
- Bibliography
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Money, Banking, and Investment


text:
Advanced Search
Career Education | News
Computer science students at the Community College of Aurora (CCA) now have a shot at jumpstarting their careers thanks to a partnership between the school and a Massachusetts-based IT company.
CCA has partnered with PlumChoice, which was experiencing high turnover in publicly advertised postitions, to offer students an opportunity for part-time jobs with the company and the possibility for continued employment and advancement.
As part of the initiative, some PlumChoice positions are advertised only among CCA students. Candidates must pass an interview before receiving paid training. They then take a test, and those who pass receive further training at the company's Bloomfield, CO location. After two months, they are able to work from home. "In some cases," according to a news release, "PlumChoice even suggests from what classes they could most benefit in order to best position themselves for future advancement."
"We listened to the needs of the employer and we responded," said Barbara Lindsay, CCA's director of career services, in a prepared statement. "And I think that's very advantageous in that the right student is being graduated from our programs."
Launched in late March, the initiative has already resulted in "numerous" technical support representative hires, according to information released by the school.
"The win for us is finding somebody that is eager and motivated into getting into the industry and making it a career and not a job," said Brad Borchard, service delivery manager for PlumChoice, in a prepared statement.
"If [the students] went out looking on their own they probably wouldn't be able to get a chance to get in because they don't have any experience," Borchard continued. "So it gives them the opportunity to put it on the resume as they're going through school until the time they get their degree or certification. And it places them in a really good position to move them into the industry a lot easier and at a higher-paying level than peers who didn't do the same thing."
"PlumChoice knows we have a large non-traditional student base as well as a very large international population that may bring a very high level of education that's not necessarily accepted in the American workforce, but they often have years of real-world experience," Young added.
About the Author
Joshua Bolkan is contributing editor for Campus Technology, THE Journal and STEAM Universe. He can be reached at [email protected].
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| 16.4°C Belfast
Teachers are calling for the summer GCSE and A-level exams timetable to take into account the impact of Ramadan on Muslim students.
Over the next few years, the holy month, which Muslims observe by fasting, will increasingly fall during the exams period, which could affect teenagers' results, the Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL) heard.
Barry Lingard, told the union's annual conference in Manchester that ATL had been in discussions with the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ) - which represents exam boards - and Muslim organisations - over the issue.
Proposing a resolution on the topic Mr Lingard, of the union's executive said it was "highly unlikely" that exam boards will change summer timetables.
But he added: "JCQ have said that they will work collaboratively on a timetable with Muslim groups to review whether a balance of morning and afternoon slots for large entry exams is more appropriate, or just morning slots."
It is thought that this could mean scheduling exams taken by large numbers of students - such as English and maths - in the morning only.
Abdul Choudhury, an ATL member from Tower Hamlets, London, said that Ramadan will have "quite an effect on a number of schools across our country" compared to the last time it fell during exams season, around 25 years ago.
"We have quite a significant number of Muslim students and I have no doubt whatsoever that standards will be affected by this," he said.
"We work so hard as teachers to try and get just that one mark, that two marks, and if kids are going into their exams - 16-year-olds, 18-year-olds, even university students - are going into exams without any water, and food, it will have an effect on their overall results."
Delegates passed the resolution, which called on the union to raise awareness of the potential impact of Ramadan on Muslim students' education.
JCQ director Michael Turner said: "We are consulting on the exams timetable for 2015 and we will be looking at the impact of Ramadan on that timetable."


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R&B icons TLC reunited for the group's first solo performance in six years on Saturday night — thanks to Justin Timberlake.
According to MTV News, the group – Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins and Rozanda "Chilli" Thomas – took the stage by themselves, performing for the first time in six years. The group semi-retired in 2003 following the death of third member Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes in a 2002 car accident.
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Taylor Swift: From 'Fifteen' To Country Queen!
On Saturday, the duo performed hits such as "Waterfalls," "No Scrubs," and "Ain't 2 Proud 2 Beg" at Justin's second annual Justin Timberlake & Friends Concert at the Mandalay Bay Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, benefiting Shriners Hospitals For Children.
However, the act had been on stage recently — T-Boz and Chilli made a concert appearance in 2008 at the BET Awards as part of a collaboration with Alicia Keys, who made a solo appearance at Justin's event as well on Saturday.
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Justin Timberlake: From The Stage To The Red Carpet!
Other acts at the charity event included Taylor Swift, Timbaland and Snoop Dogg, as well as singers Ciara and Jay Sean.
Justin himself closed the show, performing both his own hits and covering portions of Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit," Kings of Leon's "Use Somebody" and Coldplay's "Viva La Vida."
The star, who has kept quiet on plans for a follow-up to 2006's "Futuresex/Lovesounds," also debuted a new, untitled song with Timbaland that asked "What's your name? / What's your number?"
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PLAY IT NOW: Justin Timberlake & Usher Battle It Out Over New Singing Sensation Justin Bieber
PLAY IT NOW: Taylor Swift Thanks Her Mom For Getting Her Through The Kanye West Debacle
MORE ACCESS ON THESE TOPICS: Justin Timberlake - Taylor Swift - Charities - Alicia Keys - Music


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MAKE subscriber Pete Marchetto pointed us to this awesome site covering all manner of backyard metal casting. In fact, that's its name: Backyard Metal Casting. Peter writes:
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Okay, Kaden. It's all your fault we're posting this link. You should be…. ashamed?


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And I ain't getting my haircut, neither.
No, not that Dante…The Yanks picked Dante Bichette Jr. in the amateur draft yesterday. And I've no idea if he's a scrub or not, no matter how much I disliked watching his old man's theatrics back when. Here's the early returns from Rivera Ave and The Yankee Analysts.