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Acer Aspire Predator G7750-083 Desktop RAM Memory Upgrades
The memory modules below are 100% compatible with your Acer Aspire Predator G7750-083 Desktop. Not your model? View the complete range of Acer Desktops or view all Acer upgrades here.
2GB Module
- Dimm Speed: DDR3-10600 (PC3-1333)
- Dimm Type: Non-ECC
- Product code: FT256MLK64V3U
- Storage Capacity: 2GB Module
- Form Factor: 240 Pin Dimm
Want it by Tuesday?
Order within the next 10 hours, 6 minutes, and select Express Delivery.
Was £15.74. SAVE 6%
£14.83 inc. VAT
Lifetime WarrantyAll OFFTEK memory is backed by our full lifetime warranty. We obsess over our products so you do not have to. Our team constantly strive to ensure that all our memory is of the highest quality but should you ever have any issues with your purchase you have the peace of mind that you can return your product for a replacement if the need arises.
Top Brands
Guaranteed CompatibilityOver the years we have taken immense care in creating one of the most in depth memory configurators. We do this to ensure that when you purchase a memory upgrade from OFFTEK you are confident that the upgrade is 100% compatible with your system. Should you have any questions prior to ordering your upgrade we have technicians on hand via live chat, email or phone who will be able to answer any queries you may have.
We take the time to look into each machine to ensure that we offer all sizes and speeds that the machine is able to take not just the latest specification that has been released. We believe that offering all options for machines provides a 100% guarantee that the memory with function with your original memory module efficiently.
You might also like..
How Do I Make My Computer Faster?
With this in mind, we have put together this handy step by step guide to getting your PC working faster and keeping it at top speed.
First things first. It's important to make sure that nothing nasty is lurking in the shadows of your hard-disk. Malware, as it is known, can infect your computer and get into your PC a number of ways. These programs can slow your processor down, running 'information collecting' programs that serve the company or person that created them.
Step One - Run a Security Scan
Whilst we can't always stop them getting in, we can certainly regularly scan for them and stop them in their tracks.
There are numerous virus protection software packages out there, all telling you why they're better than the rest. However, you have a perfectly adequate protection program, sitting in the system tools of your PC, in the form of 'Windows Defender.
Here's how to use it:
- Type 'Windows Defender' in search box
- Click 'Scan now' box (We recommend clicking the 'full' scan option if you're experiencing problems)
- Sit back and wait for it do its thing
Running this will normally pick up anything that isn't supposed to be there. Be prepared for a bit of a wait for it to finish if you do select a full scan. If it does find something, the software will routinely 'Quarantine' the threat and neutralise it.
This step will differ from browser to browser, but the basic principle is the same. You will start by clicking the following in the top right hand of most types of browser e.g. Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox etc:
Step Two - Clear Internet Cookies and Internet History
- 'Settings' or 'Internet Options'
- Click 'Clear Browsing History', 'Delete Internet History' or something to that effect
- Make sure the 'clear cookies' box is ticked and then delete
Step Three - Check For Windows UpdatesWindows updates come out pretty regularly and if your PC fails to update properly, then it can have a negative effect on your computer's performance:
You can check whether you have the latest version installed by doing the following:
- Search your PC for Windows Updates
- Click 'Check for updates'
- Then 'Check Now'
Following these 3 simple steps, it should keep your PC happy and problem free. If these steps don't work, then you might want to look into other, third party anti virus software or perhaps adding a ram upgrade may aid performance.
We hope this step by step guide has helped you start enjoying your PC again!
Specification of Acer Aspire Predator G7750-083 memory upgrade
Your system memory specification is listed below, most importantly your maximum memory capacity:
|Device Specifications
|Make + Model
|Acer Aspire Predator G7750-083
|Device Type
|N° of Ram Slots
|6 Slots (2 Banks of 3)
|Standard Ram
|3GB or 6GB (Removable)
|Maximum Memory
|Acer Tech Support
|Official Acer Support Link
If you are looking to place a quantity order or are buying on behalf of the public or private sector then please contact one of our designated account managers who will be able to deal with your requirements in more detail.
For any queries you may have please contact one of our experienced Memory Specialists via one of the following methods and they will ensure that any issue is resolved immediately and effectively.
Why buy from offtek
Matched Ram upgrades for your specific modelOfftek provides matched upgrades for new and legacy machines. Every one of our RAM modules are tested to ensure that not only are they compatible with the machine but also that they perform in a wide range of different environmental conditions. This allows us to back our modules with a limited lifetime warranty.
Established in 1996, OFFTEK is trusted by many of the UK's best known household names as their number ONE source for ram upgrades.
Misson critical or movie night we have your upgrade sortedOur team is made up of memory specialists with an average of 9 years experience in the RAM industry. We offer upgrades for not only the latest machines on the market but just as important those legacy machines that you need to keep running.
RAM is extremely important in ensuring your machine operates at its optimum performance. Our upgrades ensure that your computer will be performing at its best for years to come.
Fast Free UKDelivery
Over 500,000Happy Customers
Technical Staff With Over 9years of experience
60 Day Money BackGuarantee
Twice DailyPrice Checks
DedicatedAccount Managers
Technical Staff with Over 9 years of experienceWe have dedicated and highly trained experts with an average of 9 years experience. They are here to help you from purchase through to installation. We use a number of contact methods so you can speak to one of our specialists with ease.
Fast Free UK DeliveryWe offer FAST FREE UK Delivery on all orders with 96% of orders dispatched same day. For those that cannot wait we also offer faster delivery options including next day.
60 Day Money Back GuaranteeNot 100% happy with your order then return it to us under our No Quibble 60 Day Money Back Guarantee. Worried you might have made the wrong choice? With our no quibble return policy you can send it back to us and get a full refund up to 60 days after you've received your order. Whether you've picked the wrong product or just changed your mind you can send your order back to us and you'll get all your money back.
Twice Daily Price ChecksOur Price Promise commitment means that you can buy from us with confidence.
Our team works hard to ensure that you not only have peace of mind in the fact that the memory you order is 100% compatible but that our price is also the lowest for that product.
We check our prices daily against all our competitors to ensure that you are getting the best deal.
Experts On HandWe have dedicated and highly trained experts with an average of 7 years experience. They are here to help you from purchase through to installation. We use a number of contact methods so you can speak to one of our specialists with ease.
Limited Lifetime WarrantyFeel confident that your memory will last a lifetime. Our limited lifetime warranty guarantees that if your memory should ever fail we will replace or repair the product free of charge provided that it is still manufactured. Please note that the lifetime warranty refers only to memory modules and not flash memory or storage products. Please see the individual 'product details' for warranties specific to each product.
100% CompatibilityEvery memory product matched specifically to your machine is individually tested to guarantee reliability and 100% compatibility with your computer and operating system.
Online Since 1997Offtek has been supplying memory online since 1997 with over 500,000 happy customers. Well, maybe the odd one does'nt like us ;)
We have always been passionate about providing our customers with the tools and information to update their systems in the simplest manner. Early in 1996 we took on the challenge to find the type of memory compatible with every computer ever built. Hence our first memory configurator was born. Our constant daily updates allow our customers to easily select the correct memory for their machines and that objective is as important today as it was when the idea was first broached across a kitchen table in central Birmingham
Large Stock HoldingAs one the largest memory distributors in Europe, our large stock holding allows us to offer next day delivery on a wide range of products.
Environmentally FriendlyIf you have no need for your old memory after you have upgraded to one of our larger/faster modules, we will recycle this for you free of charge under the WEEE directive.
Brands we Supply
The advantages of adding more Ram Memory
Installing a memory module is one of the simplest upgrades that can be done to a computerThere is no configuration, no sitting around waiting for things to update and backup. It is simply plug and play! By adding more Ram memory into you laptop, desktop or server you will be doing the following:
- Improving the overall performance of the machine
- Allowing for increased multitasking
- Extending the life of the machine
- Producing faster boot times
- Increasing productivity
- Decreasing latency in gaming
Guaranteed CompatibilityOver the years we have taken immense care in creating one of the most in depth memory configurators. We do this to ensure that when you purchase a memory upgrade from OFFTEK you are confident that the upgrade is 100% compatible with your system. Should you have any questions prior to ordering your upgrade we have technicians on hand via live chat, email or phone who will be able to answer any queries you may have.
We take the time to look into each machine to ensure that we offer all sizes and speeds that the machine is able to take not just the latest specification that has been released. We believe that offering all options for machines provides a 100% guarantee that the memory with function with your original memory module efficiently.


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This mission, in a world where scenarios are constantly changing, requires a permanent commitment to maintaining innovation in all our academic programs.
Our faculty staff is committed to generating knowledge through research activities and to keeping up with the latest business trends.
Rafael Ortega
Head of the ESIC Advisory Board
Learn more about ESIC and their 55-year old history [+]
Our mission: to train the best professionals for business [+]
Statement of Values
ESIC is a non-profit organization committed to society [+]
Faculty Staff
Composed by business professionals with a strong educational vocation [+]
Regarded as one of the most important business schools in Spain and listed among the 50 best in the world [+]
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We arrange and negotiate agreements with universities around the world for our students [+]
Your opinion is very important; that' s why we have created an area to asses, correct and improve all our processes [+]

subset: commoncrawl


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AnyMeeting's "Small Business Toolkit" webinar series kicked off summer with its latest guest webinar. Presented by Karen Cioffi, a multi-award winning writer, the webinar showed how to properly craft your written content for effective search engine ranking and optimization. It provided a lot of great advice and was ideal for anyone using article marketing and blog posting as part of their marketing strategy.
We would like to thank Karen for her insightful presentation, and the more than 150 attendees who participated with great comments and questions. If you were not able to attend the live presentation and would like to view the recording, just click: Recorded Webinar to Increase Content Visibility.


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TORONTO – The Canadian dollar closed higher Tuesday as traders speculated about the pace of U.S. interest rate hikes and digested data showing how severe winter weather has impacted the American housing sector.
The loonie was up 0.28 of a cent at 89.61 cents US.
Charles Plosser, president of the Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank, told CNBC he sees the federal funds rate at three per cent at the end of 2015 and four per cent at the end of 2016.
The current target range for the federal funds rate is between zero and a quarter point.
Federal Reserve chairwoman Janet Yellen caught markets unawares last week when she said that the Fed could start upping rates from near zero six months after the end of its bond buying program.
Plosser said the reaction of the markets surprised him, adding that Yellen's timetable "wasn't a wildly unexpected timeframe".
Cold weather continued to limit buying last month as U.S. new home sales dropped by 3.3 per cent in February.
The S&P/Case-Shiller 20-city composite also indicated that U.S. home prices ticked down 0.1 per cent in January in a third month of declines, with 12 of 20 tracked cities posting drops. On a seasonally adjusted basis, home prices in January rose 0.8 per cent.
Elsewhere on the economic front, business confidence in Germany has slipped back from a 2 1/2-year high as tensions over Ukraine cloud companies' outlook for the next six months. The Ifo institute said its monthly confidence index dropped to 110.7 points this month from 111.3 in February. That was slightly worse than the 110.9 economists had predicted.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel has stressed that she wants a diplomatic solution to the crisis over Russia's actions in Ukraine but has made clear she won't shy away from economic sanctions if the situation there escalates.
Commodities were higher as May crude on the New York Mercantile Exchange erased early gains to decline 41 cents to US$99.19 a barrel.
April gold bullion inched up 20 cents to US$1,311.40 an ounce while May copper was up six cents to US$3.01 a pound.


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6 Tough Layer Styles & Text effects with size adaptations.
Totally 18 styles in one well organized ASL package!
- .asl file with 6+12(size adaptation versions) styles.
- .psd file with the 6 styles for easy copy and paste and 12 different size options.
- 18 .png files to test styles on your project quickly.
Thank you.


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The Caribbean Map Collection is a joint project of the University of Florida's Map & Imagery Library and the University Libraries' Department of Special and Area Studies Collections, particularly the P.K. Yonge Library of Florida History and the University Archives. Additional content is provided through the contributions of partner institutions including the University of North Florida and the University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus Library' West Indiana and Special Collections Division. These maps represent only a small part of the wealth of historical and archival treasures held by the contributing archives, libraries, and museums. Users should note the source of the maps they use and should contact the holding libraries or archives directly for more information.
Maps collected here date from 1564 through the present. The majority of maps in this collection document a colonial past. While many of these maps were originally published as maps independent of any other publication, some were published with atlases, books, government documents, shipping and railroad schedules, land promotions, etc. Maps in this collection include island, municipal, county and parish maps as well as maps depicting the region more broadly.
The Collection is uneven in representation of specific areas as contributions to the Collection reflect the interests of the contributing institutions. Florida, while part of the Caribbean, is collected separately in the Florida Map Collection. Maps in the Caribbean Basin Map Collection include the maps of the Florida Map Collection.
Images are provided here in the JPEG 2000 format in zoomable images.
The Region: The Caribbean Basin
The Caribbean Map Collection outlines a vast inter-continental region. The Caribbean Basin is defined to include the area stretching from Florida westward along the Gulf Coast waters of the United States of America, along the backbone of Central America and across the sholder of northern South America. The Basin is best defined by the sweeping archipelago that is the West Indies, an arm embracing the Caribbean Sea and the sieve of Atlantic hurricanes. Bound by colonial history, Bermuda is encluded within region, though it is situated in the waters of the Atlantic Ocean.
Countries included in the region are: Anguilla; Antigua & Barbuda; Aruba; Bahamas; Barbados; Belize; Bermuda; British Virgin Islands; Cayman Islands; Colombia; Costa Rica; Cuba; Dominica; Dominican Republic;French Guiana;Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guatemala; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Jamaica; Martinique; Mexico; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles; Nicaragua; Panama; Puerto Rico; Saint Kitts & Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent; El Salvador; Suriname; Trinidad & Tobago; Turks & Caicos; U.S. Virgin Islands; United States' coastal states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas; and Venezuela.


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I wasn't planning on writing a blog entry today on why I've chosen to be vegan. What happened was this: I was reading a blog entry by The Blissful Chef. The entry posed the question "What's the difference between a … Continue reading
December 21, 2010
by mitcharf
11 Comments


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Open Government Program
All Resources
Search a listing of Government of Alberta open datasets and publications. Can't find what you are looking for? Suggest a resource.
Views: 1243
June 3, 2020
Contains contact information for consultants that have identified themselves to Alberta Culture and Tourism as being available to fulfill Historical Resources Act requirements, such as the conduct of impact assessments, excavations, preparation of documentation recording historic resources, and...


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Schools banning off-site foods
Danbury joins other districts in prohibiting store-bought and homemade treats from classrooms
DANBURY -- School officials have decided to ban classroom celebrations with food brought in from off campus, like homemade birthday cupcakes, to reduce the potential for allergic reactions.
The change, which takes effect this fall, does not affect curriculum-required food preparation and consumption.
Other school districts banning off-campus foods include Ridgefield, Wilton, New Canaan, Norwalk and Wesport.
"This will allow classrooms to find more creative ways to celebrate," Danbury parent Marissa Hayes told the Board of Education. "I believe our children are constantly having treats with a ridiculous amount of sugar and it adds up."
Angelina Stojacovic is another parent who supports the change, saying her 6-year-old kindergartner received food in class that would've given him an allergic reaction had he eaten it.
Food allergies are increasing and affect nearly 6 million or 8 percent of U.S. children, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology.
"I think we've been doing a good job, but we can do better, and it's my feeling that for the health and safety of all children, we need to eliminate outside food from all classrooms," Kathleen O'Dowd, the district's health and nursing services coordinator, told the Board of Education on April 23. "No celebrations are being taken away. They will be done in a different way."
Instead of cupcakes in homeroom, a birthday honor roll, 15 minutes extra of recess, or a free choice activity at the end of the day might be offered.
Danbury policy allows store-bought food to be brought in for monthly classroom events. The change was triggered after some parents brought in homemade items with ingredients that caused allergic reactions.
O'Dowd said most accidental exposure happens at the elementary school level, so the new regulations will allow middle and high school classes to get parental permission for the occasional food project related to work.
Of the nearly 11,000 students in Danbury public schools, 552 have reported food allergies, officials said. In addition, 272 students have orders for epinephrine autoinjectors, or EpiPens, which deliver a dose of epinephrine to counteract an allergic reaction.
Shelter Rock School Principal Julia Horne said one or two parents said they didn't like the idea at first.
"It's a change, but we're living in a different time," she said. "It's for the safety of the students."
One of the few parents who initially balked, changed her mind after her child was diagnosed with an allergy, Horne said.
A food allergy results when the immune system mistakenly targets a harmless food protein as a threat and attacks it with antibodies. The allergic reaction can be mild to severe, or even fatal.
The most common food allergies in children are caused by only a few foods, with peanuts and cow's milk leading the list. The most severe food reactions are caused by peanuts, tree nuts, fish and shellfish.
As many as 16 to 18 percent of children with food allergies have had a reaction in school -- and 25 percent of reactions in school are from an undiagnosed food allergy, according to FARE, the Food Allergy Research and Education organization.
Reasons for the increase in allergies have yet to be identified, said Neata Ogden, an allergist, immunologist and fellow of The American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology.
In 2000, allergists recommended mothers delay exposure their children to the most highly allergic foods until the children were between 3 and 5 years old, she said. Allergies tripled.
In countries that haven't restricted these foods, the allergies are half of those in the United States, Ogden said.
"The new recommendations have changed," she said, "and now doctors say to start all these foods early in a child's life while they are eating cereal, so the tide may be turning."
The abundance of ultra-clean hygiene practices may play a role because they may allow the immune system to go haywire, she said.
Her children's school is nut-free and only allows food from specific nut-free bakeries for special events. Ogden said she believes Danbury's decision to ban outside food is a big step.
In the end, she said, education about allergies is critical, especially when parents don't follow school regulations.
"It requires greater education on the part of families that don't have allergies, and educating the kids with allergies, too," Ogden said. "It's definitely a tricky balance because out in the world, there are risks for these kids and they will need to know how to stay safe."
email@example.com; 203-731-3333


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Apple's battery recall for iBooks and PowerBooks has been going on for a few weeks now and users are dutifully submitting their
exploding recalled batteries to the database to receive a new one in the mail. However, it seems that Apple sort of slyly expanded the range of recalled batteries just the other day, as some users are discovering that their previously un-recalled batteries now fall under the requirements set forth by Apple to get a replacement.
Apparently Apple has recently expanded the list of battery serial numbers that are eligible for replacement, so you might want to check the site again to see if you qualify now. I didn't originally, but as of yesterday, I'm getting a new battery.
So, endangered iBook and PowerBook G4 users, be sure to double check your laptop's serial numbers with Apple's recall page to ensure that you keep your Mac happy and safe.


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thrown together
3.1 Phillip Lim tunic | AMM rose gold tube necklace | Acne pascal white sunglasses | COS silk leisure shorts | Acne noa black
Other Stories
4 comments:
Lovely, but my favourite is the white necklace.ReplyDelete
I came across your blog a few days ago and have been soaking it up. I'm head over heels in love with your non-babyish baby things. We live in a small NYC apartment and I love keeping things simple and babyish furniture can get so busy. I don't even have a baby yet, but I'm storing these ideas away! :)ReplyDelete
Clean, simple, love! XReplyDelete
I think Zara is not so original jejee, that tunic i bought it in Zara but shorter. I have seen this even with Forever 21 and Steve Maden and other brands.ReplyDelete
Thank you for your comments, I love hearing from you!
Questions, comments or sponsorship inquires, please contact me via the 'contact' link.


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embedded world 2012, MINNETONKA, USA: Digi International announced collaboration with Freescale Semiconductor to integrate the secure and scalable iDigi Device Cloud solution into Freescale's leading Kinetis and ColdFire microcontroller platforms.
Using the iDigi Connector, an open interface for any type of device, Kinetis and ColdFire customers now have immediate access to both a web and mobile applications development platform and world class device management functionality.
The iDigi Device Cloud delivers Any App, Anything, Anywhere capabilities to every connected Freescale Kinetis and ColdFire based device. Designed to be massively scalable and secure, iDigi is a complete and proven cloud infrastructure for remote device management and cloud-based information exchange.
"Cloud connectivity offers device manufacturers significant product differentiation," said Jeff Bock, director of Marketing for Freescale's industrial and multi-market microcontrollers segment. "It allows OEMs to create innovative and competitive products that positively impact revenue streams, product service/reliability and business process efficiency. For example, cloud connectivity dramatically streamlines product rollouts, preventive maintenance services, product performance analytics or proactive supply replenishments – all remotely and in combination with the capabilities of cloud-based applications, enterprise systems and mobile device integration."
"Freescale customers across all markets now have immediate access to the benefits of cloud connectivity right out of the box," said Larry Kraft, senior VP of global sales and marketing, Digi International. "The scalable and reliable architecture of iDigi provides instant cloud connectivity to network-connected devices everywhere on the globe. Whether it is a small or large-scale product deployment, iDigi meets and grows with every customer's needs and opens up an entirely new world of exciting business opportunities and applications."
Glen Allmendinger, founder and president of Harbor Research, comments: "Digi continues to drive its market leadership role in providing wireless M2M solutions. The Freescale collaboration demonstrates how Digi is bringing together all of the components necessary to provide a true end-to-end solution. The iDigi Device Cloud provides OEMs a massively scalable, highly secure m2m platform to leverage valuable device data. Smart connected web and mobile applications can now be rapidly developed, remotely managed, upgraded and serviced with ease. By providing all the necessary solution elements, OEMs can now focus their attention on developing new smart services and innovative modes of interacting with their customers. Digi is orchestrating the technology, products and support to make the Internet of Things a reality."
Digi will demonstrate the integration of the iDigi Device Cloud on a Kinetis K53 Tower System at Embedded World 2012 in Nuremberg, Germany in Hall 1 booth 1-432. The setup shows a cloud-enabled MQX RTOS application with integrated remote device management capabilities (firmware upgrade, system reboot, system information/performance, reliability metrics and alerts) as well as cloud-based information exchange of on-board peripheral status (accelerometer, potentiometer, touch sensors, ADC, PWM, LEDs). The iDigi Manager Pro web interface and cloud-based mobile phone and desktop web applications demonstrate the user-friendly presentation of information and the interaction with the system.
The iDigi Device Cloud integration on Freescale Kinetis and ColdFire microcontroller platforms is expected to be available in July 2012.
Tuesday, February 28, 2012
Digi International and Freescale to announce industry's first cloud-connected MCUs with out-of-box cloud connectivity
Posted by Pradeep Chakraborty at 3:46 PM
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Many clinicians had scratched codeine off their lists for treating postoperative pain in children long before Wednesday's FDA warning, according to doctors contacted by MedPage Today and ABC News.
The drug "is a poor choice for post-op pain" and "is no longer considered the standard of care for pain management," said Laura Schanberg, MD, of the Duke Clinical Research Institute in Durham, N.C., in an email to both news organizations.
The FDA warned healthcare professionals Wednesday against prescribing codeine as a postoperative treatment for pain in pediatric patients who have undergone tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy after reports of three deaths and one near-fatal case of respiratory depression.
Clinicians consider the drug a poor choice largely because of patients' varied responses to the morphine metabolite, researchers said. Some metabolize it too quickly, while others get hardly any pain relief at all.
"Ultra-rapid metabolizers are at risk for high side effects and respiratory depression," Jeffrey Galinkin, MD, of the University of Colorado at Denver and chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs, said in an email.
On the other hand, he noted, "poor metabolizers, 5% to 10% of our general population, get no effect from the drug since it cannot be converted to its active component, morphine."
The agency recommended child patients should receive the lowest effective dose of codeine-containing drugs, for the shortest time, and on an as-needed basis.
Many clinicians said they use lower-risk alternatives in their pediatric patients instead.
"I would be more inclined to use other drugs with a more dependable pharmacology," Joseph Tobin, MD, of Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, N.C., said in an email. "Codeine is really a pro-drug. It doesn't work in its natural form."
One common drug co-administered with codeine post-operation is acetaminophen, but "there is no known benefit of acetaminophen with codeine over acetaminophen alone for post-tonsillectomy pain in kids," wrote Alan Greene, MD, of Stanford University in Stanford, Calif.
"Acetaminophen with hydrocodone appears to be more effective and less risky than acetaminophen with codeine, especially if on a schedule, rather than waiting for pain to break through," he added.
However, risk of respiratory depression is common to any opioid analgesic, said Eugene Viscusi, MD, of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia.
"It just happens that codeine is the more commonly prescribed agent in this setting," he explained, adding that the risk "is compounded by the fact that many of these patients have their surgery because they have existing airway obstruction, so these children are already at risk of airway obstruction and respiratory events."
This article was developed in collaboration with ABC News.


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You may be surprised to know that some natural beauty treatments can actually be found among your kitchen products.
There are some fabulous ingredients hiding right there in your kitchen that are ideal for using in your skin care and beauty routine.
As you probably know ZENMED already uses a large number of natural products in their skin care range but here's some skin care tips that you can try simply using your kitchen products in a different way.
What household doesn't have this kitchen staple? My Grandmother used to always keep a small bottle of this in her medicine cabinet for any dry patches of skin or to massage a drop into her hair before shampooing.
Olive oil is a natural moisturizer and has anti-inflammatory properties which help to soothe the skin and combat dryness. Use it to lock in moisture when getting out of the shower, use a couple of drops in the bath with some fresh lavender flowers or massage it in to soothe scalp eczema and dermatitis.
When you apply avocado directly to your skin the nutrients contained in the fruit are absorbed right into your skin. Avocados are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants and vitamin E, all of which are incredible ingredients for keeping your skin healthy and hydrated. Allow the avocado to soften so it is no longer firm to the touch, cut in half, scoop out the pale green content and massage it into your face. Leave on for 10 minutes and then rinse off with warm water to reveal radiant skin.
Chamomile tea is especially good for rosacea and people who have sensitive skin because it's a calming herb with anti-inflammatory properties. Make a mug of tea using only filtered or purified water; allow it to cool and then transfer it into a clean storage bottle and place in the fridge. When you next have a rosacea flare up or dry, itchy skin then soak a cotton pad in the chamomile tea and place it on the affected area for an instantly cooling and calming skin treatment.
It is well known that honey is good for your health but it is equally good for your skin. Honey has healing properties which people have been utilizing for centuries. Honey has an antimicrobial capability which means that it helps to kill bacteria. It also helps to trap in moisture so it is a perfect kitchen product to use in your skin care routine. Get any type of natural honey and spread a little layer on your cheeks, forehead and neck; then go lay on your bed and relax for 10 to 15 minutes before you rinse it off with warm water. Honey is perfect for all skin types.
If you want skin care products that are already created, tested and loved across the world then come and see what skin care products we have on our ZENMED store that could help us improve your skin naturally.
Our products are 100% free from animal testing and vegan. There are no petrochemicals, no sodium lauryl or laureth sulfates, no dyes or fragrances in any of our products. We only package in 100% recyclable packaging, we utilize no wasteful cosmetic boxes, and we use organically sourced ingredients whenever possible. So using our products is not all that different from producing your own at home.
Mother nature knew what she was doing when she supplied us with all these amazing natural products to keep our skin looking and feeling healthy and clear.
Try using your natural kitchen products to help boost your natural beauty and tell us what you used and the effect it had on your skin.


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Writer Andy Diggle and artist Jock sign copies of the Forbidden Planet variant edition of their new comic, Snapshot, at 4:00pm on Saturday 9th February at our London Megastore.
Jake Dobson is your typical nerd; works at the Near-Mint Rhino comic-book store in San Francisco. But when he finds a lost cell phone, he's horrified to discover it's full of snapshots of a murder victim.
Suddenly he finds himself hunted by a vengeful hitman who wants his phone back. and Jake in a body bag! And then things start to get really complicated…
Andy Diggle and Jock have both worked separately for 2000AD, Marvel and DC but are best known for their collaborations – including Green Arrow: Year One and The Losers.
Please note that, due to time constraints, we may have to limit the number of items signed – and there may not be time for artist sketches.
Forbidden Planet London Megastore
179 Shaftesbury Avenue, London, WC2H 8JR


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Gillibrand backs Suozzi for Nassau exec
Thomas Suozzi, a Democratic candidate for Nassau County executive, was endorsed Saturday by a top New York Democrat, U.S. Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, who praised him for stabilizing the county's finances in his previous tenure.
"Tom Suozzi was a steady county executive who turned the county's finances around," Gillibrand said.
Suozzi, who led the county from 2002 to 2009, cut debt, passed eight balanced budgets and captured 13 bond upgrades from credit agencies, Gillibrand said.
Republican Edward Mangano, who defeated Suozzi in an upset, is seeking a second term in November. Gillibrand said the county's finances have deteriorated since Suozzi was ousted.
Much of the Democratic establishment has already endorsed Suozzi, including U.S. Sen. Charles Schumer, Reps. Carolyn McCarthy (D-Mineola) and Steve Israel (D-Huntington) and state Comptroller Thomas DiNapoli.
Mangano spokesman Brian Nevin criticized congressional Democrats and Suozzi, saying: "With the excessive tax and spend policies in Washington, it's no surprise that a candidate who hiked Nassau County property taxes by 23 percent would earn their endorsement."
Suozzi's rival Democratic candidate Adam Haber, a retired businessman, said Nassau taxpayers have told him they "are ready for a change." Haber added, "In eight weeks Democratic voters will be given an opportunity to either create a fresh start for Nassau or continue with the status quo of county government mismanagement."
Suozzi welcomed Gillibrand's backing, saying: "I am proud to receive her support and humbled by her endorsement of my experience and my vision for Nassau County."


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Walks plague Bisons in Charlotte
Walking batters came back to haunt the Bisons as they fall, 8-4, to Charlotte on Tuesday at Knights Stadium.
Schwinden is, 0-1, with two no decisions when walking three batters. He gave free passes to four batters during the 4.2 innings he worked Tuesday. Three of the five runs Schwinden gave up came as a result of walking batters. Four of the eight runs the Herd gave up were due to walks.
Schwinden walked Tyler Flowers in the second inning after getting one out, a batter later Lasting Milledge drove a double off the left-field wall scoring Flowers. Andrew Garcia followed Milledge with a double of his own scoring the Knights second run of the game.
In the fifth inning Schwinden got two quick outs after laboring for most of the fourth inning. With two outs Schwinden walked Mark Teahen, bringing Dayan Viciedo to the plate.
Viciedo didn't wait long drilling the first pitch Schwinden offered over the right-center-field wall for a two-run homerun. Flowers made it back-to-back homeruns by going yard clearing the thirty foot wall in left-field.
The Knights tacked on a sixth run in the sixth inning after Escobar doubled in Milledge. Milledge drove in one run, while scoring two him-self.
The Knights added another run in the eighth inning thanks to a leadoff walk to Milledge, a double by Garcia and a sacrifice fly by Eduardo Escobar. After moving to third on the sacrifice fly Garcia scored on a double by Jim Gallagher.
The Bisons tried to make a comeback in the ninth starting the inning with a leadoff homerun from Fernando Martinez and a single from Valentino Pascucci. Jason Botts would walk and Jesus Feliciano got a single to load the bases before Raul Chavez hit into a double play scoring Valentino Pascucci.
Luis Hernandez kept the inning alive by slapping a single into left-field and plating Botts to make it, 8-4. Luis Figueroa followed him with a single into center putting runners on first and second before Michael Fisher struck out to end the game.
Game Notes: Chris Schwinden moved to a, 3-3, record …Valentino Pascucci missed out on the hit parade Monday but got the only extra base hit Tuesday and the only RBI for the Bisons, it was Pascucci's ninth of the season…Herd batters struck out eight times in the game..The Bisons win streak halted at four games.


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The liberators of American women have arrived, and they are not Third Wave feminists, but commissioners of the National Football League.
In banning handbags from stadiums, the NFL ventured boldly where even the surliest airport security screener dared not tread. Until now, the union of a woman and her handbag was sacrosanct: What Louis Vuitton hath joined together, let no Transportation Security Agency tear apart.
But in banning purses (along with backpacks and binocular cases) from stadiums, the NFL has become a champion of women, giving us the opportunity to experience, if only fleetingly, the freedoms afforded when not functioning as dutiful pack mules strapped with panniers. It is freedom from aching shoulders, freedom from purse snatchers, freedom not to be the go-to supplier when anyone around you needs a pen, tissue, aspirin, comb, or Band-Aid.
When handbags first appeared in Egyptian hieroglyphics, they were unisex, as likely to show up on men as women, and this continued for thousands of years. Sensibly, back then they were used largely for money (although for a while, aristocrats carried "sweet bagges," pouches with herbs to cover up unpleasant body odors). From the start, they were symbols of status, since only the privileged had enough money to bag. But centuries ago, at least they made sense.
They stopped making sense in the 1960s, when women started wearing trousers with pockets — pockets that, for decades, had ably met the carrying needs of men. Purses should have fallen into disuse then, but alas, the emergence of women's pockets occurred around the same time as the demise of common sense. So purses evolved from something useful to something silly. They became jewelry that had to be carried.
Today, handbags are important not for carrying wealth, but for displaying it. They are identifiers of people with more money than sense. Was not Oprah's star diminished just a little when her fans, most of whom cannot afford a $38,000 car, saw her even briefly contemplate a $38,000 purse?
The existence of a $38,000 purse confirms that purses have morphed into a cultural vanity that could be amusing but for the insecurities it creates to the struggling classes. No middle-class woman would plot to own the world's priciest purse, the red Hermès Birkin made of crocodile skin auctioned for $203,150 two years ago. But many carry thousand-dollar Mulberrys and Pradas that contain only pennies, thinking that they've made an investment.
When an "investment" can be replicated in the back alleys of New York, when it takes an ABC investigation to teach people how to distinguish real bags from knock-offs, it's not an investment we see but a fool and her money. Meanwhile, we the taxpayers are paying the salaries of people who investigate handbag fraud.
The ABC report, aired earlier this month, introduced a Homeland Security agent, Gary Woolf, who said Homeland Security — which I always thought were the guys keeping us safe from Al Qaeda — are "seizing knock-offs from storefronts around the country" and "monitoring websites for online transactions."
"That person you're selling to could be an undercover police officer, undercover federal agent. You never know," Woolf told ABC.
We do know that, in a decade, we've moved from an economy of checkbooks and wallets to one in which a tank of gas can be purchased with a swipe of a tiny Speedpass. Handbags are not only unnecessary, but they're an invitation for crime. They're a distraction for women, who must keep up with the things, like small leather children. Now, they're also a distraction for Homeland Security, which is having to monitor websites for fraudulent handbags that we're no longer allowed to carry into stadiums for fear that terrorists may strike.
If women stop carrying handbags, we solve a world of problems and save ourselves bags of money. Then we can spend that money on Patriots' tickets and saunter unencumbered into Gillette Stadium, arms free to cheer. If it turns out that weeping, not applause, is required there, you guys can bring your own tissues.
Jennifer Graham is a writer in Hopkinton whose column appears regularly in the Globe. Follow her on Twitter @mypetdemocrats.


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Learn all the basics of home herb & vegetable gardening and then go out into the
garden and see all of it in action.
where & how to start
soil preparation
plant selection
ongoing care
and some good gardening habits.
Leave false starts behind with class time and garden time to get you moving forward.
$20 pp.
Things to know...
- Classes are approximately one hour and are $20 per person.
- We occasionally get asked about children taking this class and while we have kids and love them, this class is for adults.
- While we don't allow picnics at the farm we are in close proximity to Crump Park
- Please register and pay in advance to ensure your seat is reserved. Class fees are non-refundable.
|Event Date
|08-19-2017 10:00 am
|Event End Date
|08-19-2017 11:00 am
|Individual Price
|Lavender Fields


text:
The European Union has certified a liquid-detection security scanner that will allow that £20 1.75 liter bottle of Bombay Sapphire you bought at the Duty Free shop to come aboard your flight in your carry-on bag.
"The next generation of X-ray technology has arrived, with a market-ready machine that can detect liquid threats," said Arnab Basu, CEO of Kromek, the company that created the epochal scanner, when announcing the EU decision on Monday.
The technology that will usher in this new era of common sense and liquid refreshment is the Kromek Bottle Scanner, which can analyze the contents of containers ranging from 80ml to 2000ml (2.7 ounces to 2.1 quarts).
Duty-free purchases will be scannable, allowable, and totable beginning in April 2011 — provided, of course, that the airport has a Bottle Scanner or two on hand. "By April 2013," the announcement notes, "the ban will be lifted completely, allowing the carriage of liquids on flights across Europe."
And no, you won't have to open up your precious bottle of botanically enhanced neutral spirit, nor waste a precious drop. The Bottle Scanner requires no sample of the liquid it's analyzing, it merely scans the container — glass, metal, or plastic — using a multi-spectral x-ray beam, and compares the liquid's spectral fingerprint with items in its "easily upgradeable database".
Also, you needn't worry about some underpaid, over-hassled, grumpy airport-security drone misinterpreting the Bottle Scanner's results. The machine is simple to use and its decisions are binary: "pass", and you're happily aboard; "fail", and it'll be a long night in a dank, windowless basement room with one naked lightbulb hanging from a slowly swinging wire.
After all, one can't be too careful. According to Basu: "The threat from Liquid, Aerosol and Gel (LAG) based explosives became apparent in August 2006 following discovery of a plot to use such devices aboard multiple transatlantic flights."
The Bottle Scanner is here to eliminate that threat: "It is a major step forward in the fight against global terrorism," says Basu, "where liquid is increasingly becoming a common tool for terrorist use and we are proud to be able to contribute to the national security."
And, more importantly to some, the EU's certification of this liquid-scanning technology will almost certainly spike liquor sales in Duty Free shops, and raise the per-quid calibre of hooch consumed by European frequent fliers. ®


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We're happy to introduce yet another stellar collection of fun and funky baby bedding to our repitoire. Our new Hip Floral baby bedding collection was previously a retail store exclusive. Now we are offering it on our website.
The Hip Floral collection combines a taste of retro and two shakes of hip. The black, brown, blue and lime green floral patterns contrast with a white background to create a whimsical tone for any girl nursery. The four piece crib set comes with a solid citron sheet but solid black minky and key lime minky sheets match perfectly as well. The matching black deck crib skirt creates a cool, contrasting accent with a black and white striped design that will catch the eye of baby as well as parents.
The Hip Floral comforter is made to be as fun as it is long-lasting. Perfect as a tummy-time blanket for infants or a great way to stay cozy for a toddler, the Hip Floral comforter features whimsical flowers on one side and high contrast black and white stripes on the other. As with all of our collections, we offer a full set of matching nursery decor including drapes, decorative pillows and diaper stackers. All items can be purchased individually.


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MDA announces successful launch of Canada's DND Sapphire satellite
Feb 25, 2013, 15:36 ET
RICHMOND, BC, Feb. 25, 2013 /CNW/ - MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. ("MDA" or "the Company") (TSX: MDA), a provider of essential information solutions, announced today that the Sapphire satellite developed by MDA for Canada's Department of National Defence (DND) has been launched into its proper orbit, and communication with the satellite has been established. The satellite was launched out of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, India on February 25, 2013 at 4:26 a.m. PST.
Canada's Sapphire is the Department of National Defence's first dedicated operational military satellite. This space-based electro-optical sensor will track man-made space objects in Earth's orbit between 6,000 and 40,000 km in altitude, as part of Canada's continued support of Space Situational Awareness. Data from the Sapphire satellite will contribute to the U.S. Space Surveillance Network, enhancing the ability of both countries to detect and avoid the collision of critical space platforms with other satellites or pieces of debris.
Daniel Friedmann, MDA's president and CEO said, "We are very pleased to see the Sapphire satellite successfully launched. This is MDA's first solution for the growing space surveillance market. Studies have shown that with increases in space debris, and the threat to the systems and services growing, space-based space surveillance will become more and more crucial to provide collision avoidance capabilities and prevent system and service loss."
MDA will also operate and maintain the Sapphire System for five years following system commissioning, expected approximately three months from deployment. The Company's responsibilities include relaying assigned taskings from DND to the satellite, processing the collected information, and sending the data to the Sensor System Operations Centre (SSOC) operated by DND at 22 Wing in North Bay, Ontario. Upon receipt of the processed data, the SSOC will correlate, identify, archive and transmit the information to the United States' Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC).
MDA is the prime contractor for the Sapphire program. The Sapphire contractor team includes Terma A/S of Herlev, Denmark, COM DEV International of Cambridge, Ontario, and Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. of Surrey, England. The launch provider is Antrix Corporation Ltd. of Sriharikota, India.
About MDA
MDA is a global communications and information company providing operational solutions to commercial and government organizations worldwide.
MDA's business is focused on markets and customers with strong repeat business potential. In addition the Company conducts a significant amount of advanced technology development.
MDA's well-established global customer base is served by more than 4,500 employees operating from 11 offices located in the United States, Canada, and internationally.
The Company's common shares trade under the symbol TSX:MDA.
About Terma
Terma develops products and systems for defense, non-defense, and security applications, including command and control systems, radar systems, self-protection systems for ships and aircraft, space technology, and advanced aerostructures for the international aircraft industry. The company, headquartered at Aarhus, Denmark, has a total staff of 1,100 and realized 2011 revenues of USD 248 million, and maintains international subsidiaries and operations in The Netherlands, Germany, Singapore, and in the U.S.
About COM DEV
COM DEV International Ltd. (www.comdevintl.com) is a leading global provider of space hardware and services. The company has a staff of 1,300, annual revenues of $208 million, and facilities in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. COM DEV designs, manufactures, and integrates advanced products, subsystems and microsatellites that are sold to major satellite prime contractors, government agencies and satellite operators, for use in communications, space science, remote sensing and defense applications. The company has won contracts to supply its equipment on over 900 spacecraft. COM DEV's majority-owned subsidiary, exactEarth Ltd., provides satellite data services for global maritime surveillance.
About SSTL
Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL) is the world's leading small satellite company, delivering operational space missions for a range of applications including Earth observation, science and communications. The Company designs, manufactures and operates high performance satellites and ground systems for a fraction of the price normally associated with space missions, with 500 staff working on turnkey satellite platforms, space-proven satellite subsystems and optical instruments.
Since 1981 SSTL has built and launched 39 satellites - as well as providing training and development programmes, consultancy services, and mission studies for ESA, NASA, international governments and commercial customers, with its innovative approach that is changing the economics of space. Headquartered in Guildford, UK, SSTL is owned by Astrium BV.
About Antrix
Antrix Corporation Limited is a wholly owned Government of India Company under the administrative control of the Department of Space, Government of India. Antrix Corporation Limited was incorporated as a private limited company owned by Government of India, in September 1992 as a Marketing arm of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) for promotion and commercial exploitation of space products, technical consultancy services and transfer of technologies developed by ISRO. Another major objective is to facilitate development of space related industrial capabilities in India.
Related Websites:
Forward-Looking Statements
This news release contains forward-looking statements and information, which reflect the current view of MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. ("MDA" or the "Company") with respect to future events and financial performance. When used in this news release, the words "believes", "expects", "plans", "may", "will", "would", "could", "should", "anticipates", "estimates", "project", "intend" or "outlook" or other variations of these words or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements and information. Actual results may differ materially from the expectations expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements as a result of known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Known risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to: risks associated with operating satellites and providing satellite services, including satellite construction or launch delays, launch failures, in-orbit failures or impaired satellite performance; risks associated with satellite manufacturing, including competition, cyclicality of MDA's end-user markets, contractual risks, creditworthiness of customers, performance of suppliers and management of MDA's factory and personnel; risk associated with financial factors such as volatility in exchange rates, increases in interest rates, restrictions on access to capital, and swings in global financial markets; risks associated with domestic and foreign government regulation, including export controls and economic sanctions; and other risks, including litigation. The foregoing list of important factors is not exhaustive. The information contained in this news release reflects MDA's beliefs, assumptions, intentions, plans and expectations as of the date of this news release. Except as required by law, MDA disclaims any obligation or undertaking to update or revise the information herein.
For additional information with respect to certain of these risks or factors, plus additional risks or factors, reference should be made to the Company's continuous disclosure materials filed from time to time with Canadian securities regulatory authorities, which are available online under the Company's profile at www.sedar.com or on the Company's website at www.mdacorporation.com.
The Toronto Stock Exchange has neither approved nor disapproved the form or content of this release.
SOURCE: MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd.
For further information:
Wendy Keyzer
MDA External Relations
(604) 231-2743
[email protected]


text:
Randall Sexton
Professor, Graphic Design
BFA, University of Washington, WA
Professor Randall Sexton is currently in his 27th year at San José State University teaching lower and upper division introductory, intermediate, and advanced graphic design and typography courses. Professor Sexton has served as Department of Design Chair, School of Art and Design Associate Director, and Graphic Design Program Coordinator.
After graduating in 1983 from the University of Washington in Seattle, Professor Sexton started his career working for the IBM Corporation as a Designer/Art Director – in 1990 he established Sexton Design a multi-disciplinary design and consulting firm located in San Francisco California specializing in visual communications for print and new media, including strategic and tactical art direction, rapid visual prototyping, and information visualization for bay area start ups and fortune 500 companies.
Professor Sexton's work and teaching embrace theories and methodologies surrounding the use of asymmetry, ambiguity, and how to eliminate arbitrary decision-making, his design(s), as well as the work of his students has received various citations for graphic design excellence, and exhibited in the American Institute of Graphic Arts annual, Type Directors Club annual, Graphis Posters annual, How, SIGGRAPH, and IDEA Magazine.


text:
Backbone.js explained in CoffeeScript.
You can't learn to build killer modern Web applications in Backbone.js and CoffeeScript by reading alone. It is crucial to experience the living, working code. To experiment, tweak, break, and succeed. To discover the character of the framework and language at the same time that you master the high-level concepts and structure.
This online book provides the methodical, in-depth coverage you expect from a traditional programming text, but was conceived from its inception to be an interactive experience. Backbone, Underscore, Mocha, and other libraries are live in the text. The code examples are available for download, but they are also editable and runnable right in the page. You will be prompted and encouraged into active learning.
I believe the environment I've built will help you learn Backbone.js faster and more conveniently than you would from a traditional programming book. If I'm wrong, you can keep access to the book, and have your money back.
Author Chris Smith
"I knew I needed to learn Backbone, but I just couldn't wrap my head around it. I found ScriptyBooks and it all clicked! I went full-speed ahead on Flinto and it launched today to rave reviews." -- Nathan Manousos
A Short Sample
Do you like the power of functional programming? Backbone collections proxy over two dozen functions from the Underscore utility library, including
max, and
shuffle. Let's use
filter on a collection to extract only the models containing an even-numbered
pos value.
collection = new Backbone.Collection(
[{pos: 1, token: 'k'}, {pos: 2, token: 'm'}, {pos: 3, token: 'l'},
{pos: 4, token: 'v'}, {pos: 5, token: 'c'}, {pos: 6, token: '*'}]
evens = collection.filter (model) ->
model.get('pos') % 2 is 0
result = _.map(evens, (model) -> model.get('pos'))
result.should.eql [2, 4, 6]
filter returns an array rather than a new collection, we can't use
pluck for our assertion. Fortunately, Underscore's
map function lets us create a
result array to compare with our expected value.
For practice, let's build a string from the
token values in the even-numbered models. First, do it the easy way: Edit the
map callback to return
token values, then call
join('') on the result. Next, try a more functional solution: Use
reduce instead of
filter, adding each model's
token value to the collecting parameter when the filter condition is
true. Did you get it? Check the docs for
reduce if you need help.
"Dang this is cool. I have to say you have done a bang up job with inlining the test environment right into the book. Very cool." -- Michael Natkin
Table of Contents
The introduction is oriented around two pressing questions: Why should you choose Backbone for your project? Why should you choose CoffeeScript? Despite our bias for this charming pair, we'll discuss the pros and cons of each, and mention some alternatives. Also, we'll explain a bit about the book: for whom it is intended, and how it should be read.
Quick Tour
Backbone is just a small layer built on top of old friends like jQuery, which makes it easy to get started building rich client-side features of virtually any size. In this chapter we do just that, taking a whirlwind tour through Models, Views, Events, Collections, and Routers. When we're done, we'll have a working feature that we can run right in the chapter.
Setup and Structure
The goal of this chapter is to provide a guide to using Backbone in the real world. After covering the basics of getting started with both Backbone and CoffeeScript, we will then discuss the more advanced topics of how to organize your application and package it for delivery to the client.
Models and Domain Logic
Backbone Models are not difficult to understand, but by mixing in sync, validation, and events, they are powerful despite the apparent simplicity. Best of all, they give you a place to put your domain logic away from the DOM, where it can easily be understood, maintained, and tested.
Collections and Sync
Managing Models in a group is easy with Collections. The Collections api offers an extremely rich set of functions from Underscore, including map, pluck, reject, and shuffle. Also, just like Models, Collections provide a set of helpful Events that Views can observe. We will also take a look at backend integration.
Views and Events
Views bring your Backbone application to life. Building upon the Events infrastructure mentioned in the previous chapter, we can now 'wire up' our Views to respond to changes to the data in our Models. We will build an interactive feature that accepts user input, and demonstrates both nested and dispersed Views.
Eco Templates
To remain manageable, templates must keep programming code to a minimum, and Eco kindly ushers in all of CoffeeScript's clean, readable power. In this chapter we'll get into more advanced templating topics with Eco, such as helper functions, localization, and nesting.
Routers and History
The Web is all about links, but until recently, most rich client-side Web applications lived at a single URL, making it impossible to share or bookmark links to important resources. Backbone's Router and History make it easy to develop a modern application that uses pushState (or hashtags) to keep the browser's address bar and history in the loop.
RESTful JSON APIs with Rails
Backbone can work with any Web server, but it was initially developed with Ruby on Rails, so Rails will be the subject of our in-depth look at integration. The approach is largely the same for any RESTful JSON API server, however, so no matter which platform you use, the material in this chapter will be relevant.
To purchase Backbone + CoffeeScript, you need to sign in with a GitHub account.


text:
Welcome to Germany's largest nature park, where you can experience nature at first hand, whether by cycling, hiking or trying some typical Black Forest delicacies from one of the inns in the park.
The scenery here is characterised by a typical Black Forest landscape juxtaposing extensive pristine woodland with open meadows and pastures. Ice age cirque lakes and moors have become precious habitats to a range of endangered species such as the adder, pygmy owl and the Black Forest's signature bird, the capercaillie. The climate here ranges from almost mediterranean in the Baden winegrowing region on the western side of the park to almost Scandinavian at the 1,164 metre summit of Mount Hornisgrinde.
Whatever the season, the nature park is a paradise for activity-minded nature lovers, whether pedalling along the park's 260km cycle route, hiking one of the themed trails or snow-shoe walking in winter. The nature park's website provides details of all activities.
But don't leave the Black Forest without tasting its food and drink. Try regional specialities at any of the 50 cafés and restaurants to be found in the park. In summer, you can visit the markets or attend one of the 'farmyard brunches' that take place on the first Sunday in August. And don't forget to try the range of specialities from the Echt Schwarzwald (Black Forest Originals) range. The nature park also hosts food festivals in autumn and winter.
Two useful shortcuts for using the zoom function of your browser:
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text:
The Strange Case of Freud, Bullitt, and Woodrow Wilson: I
Thomas Woodrow Wilson: Twenty-eighth President of the United States: A Psychological Study
Another bad book on Wilson would not necessarily call for review. Nor would a bad book by William C. Bullitt. A distinguished public servant, Ambassador Bullitt does not owe the world a good book, even though many public servants think they do. But a disastrously bad book on Wilson, written in collaboration with Sigmund Freud and carrying a subtitle that raises the issue of the American presidency itself must be reviewed. It is of concern to those who are carrying on Freud's work and recognize its fundamental grandeur even where it is most dated and most open to question. It is also of concern to historians who do not wish to shirk the task of giving a considered account of the ambiguities of greatness. But above all, it has a certain desperate relevance for all those who are aware of the indispensability of psychological insight in matters of war and peace—including the question of the wide personal margin permitted to the American president and his advisers.
Perhaps nothing characterizes the tone of this book so well as the obsessive frequency with which Woodrow Wilson is referred to as "little Tommy":
…Tommy Wilson always tried to be on the side of the angels: he endeavored to think about serious matters and he attempted to express his thoughts in distinguished phrases. Those were exceptional attributes in the United States after the Civil War, when most men of ability were concentrating on the acquisition of wealth. They gave Tommy Wilson both prestige and an endearing idealism. He was so serious about himself that others took him seriously. To make fun of him was easy: to ignore him was impossible. He was a prig; but a prime prig. (p. 9)
In spite of the glaring incongruity of such passages with Freud's style, his alleged senior authorship is (and will be) unhesitatingly publicized as his sole authorship. An advance selection was thus announced on the cover of Look (December 13, 1966). This misrepresentation, no doubt, is good for sales and will give amusement to otherwise literate people. "This time," one of them says about a book nearly thirty years old, "this time, Dr. Freud, you have gone too far!" (New York Times, December, 1966.) And the chestnut of "Freudulance" will be warmed over and over.
This word, as it turns out, does have a certain tragi-comic significance here, for it is not at all certain which parts of the body of this book, if any, were written by Sigmund Freud himself. Mr. Bullitt's own preface does not claim that Freud "wrote" any of it. He only speaks of Freud as having written "the first draft of portions of the manuscript" (p. vii). And he describes a "collaboration" extending over eight of the most dramatic years in history and in the lives of both collaborators; for the rest, Mr. Bullitt rightly accepts responsibility. In view of…
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text:
The Posies - Words and Music - 2010
11.10.10 11:35am
The Posies first got together in 1986, and they've been making beautiful music together, on-and-off, ever since - mixed with solo work, side projects, and gigs backing bands like Big Star and R.E.M. The Seattle-rooted band managed to find the time to get back into the studio to make their latest record 'Blood/Candy', and performed a few of the songs live at FUV during an interview with host Darren DeVivo. [9/22/10]


text:
Kim Kardashian breaks her Twitter silence to with Khloe a happy birthday, Sarah Michelle Gellar debuts son Rocky, 9 months, and James Woods, 66, debuts his new girlfriend Kristen Buaguess, 20: See Us Weekly's top 5 stories from Thursday, June 27, in the roundup!
1. Kim Kardashian Breaks Twitter Silence to Wish Khloe Kardashian Happy Birthday
Now that's family love! Kim Kardashian broke her Twitter silence for the first time since giving birth to baby North West to wish her little sister Khloe Kardashian a happy birthday. The reality star, 32, shared two collages of the Kardashian sisters on her Twitter account on Thursday, June 27, one depicting them as youngsters and the other filled with more recent shots. "The birthday girl! I love you so much!" Kim captioned the first shot.
2. Exclusive Photos: Sarah Michelle Gellar Debuts Son Rocky, 9 Months: First Look!
Rocky's ready for his closeup! Sarah Michelle Gellar and husband Freddie Prinze Jr. welcomed their second child, son Rocky James, back in September 2012. The tyke, who joins big sister Charlotte, 3, has stayed hidden from view ever since his arrival — until now! The Buffy the Vampire Slayer alum, 36, stepped out in Los Angeles on Wednesday, June 26 with both of her little ones. Casually clad in jeans and a tank top, Gellar carried Rocky, who stared off intently into the distance.
3. Exclusive: Kate Middleton on Her Baby-to-Be: "I Can't Believe It!"
The final countdown has begun for the royal baby! Due July 11, Kate Middleton is "really enjoying her final weeks of pregnancy," a source close to the Duchess of Cambridge, 31, recently told Us Weekly. Indeed, as Prince William's wife of two years hunkers down to await the birth — she made her last official engagement last week — she's still marveling at the wonder of it all. "Kate finds pregnancy fascinating," the source says. "She still says, 'I can't believe it' when you talk about a baby being inside her.'"
4. James Woods, 66, Debuts New Girlfriend Kristen Bauguess, 20: Picture
Age may be just a number, but in James Woods' case, it's a much higher number than his girlfriend's. The actor, 66, is now dating Kristen Bauguess, 20 — and it appears things are going well for the two. On Tuesday, June 25, Woods showed off his much-younger companion at the New York premiere of his movie White House Down.
5. James Gandolfini Funeral: Family Members, Sopranos Costars Pay Respects
James Gandolfini was laid to rest at Cathedral Church of Saint John the Divine in New York City on Thursday, June 27. The Zero Dark Thirty actor's funeral began at 10 a.m. EST and was led by the Very Rev. Dr. James A. Kowalski. According to a spokesman for HBO, remembrances were provided by the late star's wife, Deborah Lin Gandolfini; family friends Thomas Richardson and Susan Aston; and The Sopranos' creator and executive producer, David Chase.
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About Diamonds
The color of diamonds are magnificent and can come in all of the colors of the rainbow and even more. Each diamond color can have varying intensity of color. This is part of the beauty of colored diamonds. Each color can vary from pale to dark so all you need to do is choose the shade that you like the best.
Check out our information on colors of diamonds and then contact us if you would like further information or assistance.
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CULTURE- ART FEATURE- Crispy critters: Tarbell smiles through Struggles
When artist Rob Tarbell moved to Charlottesville a few years ago, he left behind a painful marriage and a job as a full-time college art instructor in South Carolina. He struggled to break into the Charlottesville art scene, even resorting to opening a temporary gallery to showcase his stellar 2004 painting exhibition, "Bird by Bird."
How time— and talent and gumption— change everything. Last year Tarbell not only won a prestigious Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Fellowship, he also exhibited work in 18 regional, national, and international shows. And now he's cracked that Charlottesville keeper of the cutting-edge art flame, Second Street Gallery, with his exhibition of ceramic sculpture, "The Struggles Play Nice."
Throughout his darkest days, Tarbell maintained a wry sense of humor, which is the fuel powering this current body of work. Ivory porcelain animals that began as plush toys sit on pedestals, roam across the floor, and seem suspended in mid-fall on the soft brown walls of the Dové Gallery. With the exception of four once-fluffy heads mounted like hunting trophies on off-white plaques (funny but undeniably creepy), Tarbell carefully composes each beastie's limbs and features in ways that bring them to cartoonish life, provoking smiles and irresistibly tugging on viewers' heartstrings.
But nothing is what it seems. Hardly living flesh, Tarbell's creations are no longer even furry fakes. What was once soft and cuddly has been burned away to yield prickly, breakable objects masquerading as emotive animals. The artist, tongue firmly planted in cheek, plays with deception and disguise, casting (literally) the rabbit— a traditional trickster in many cultures— as his main character. Pieces that initially appear to be cute little pigs, elephants, or gorillas, upon closer inspection reveal tell-tale long ears hanging down their backs from behind tied-on masks. Two lumbering bears with small bunnies hopelessly strapped to their snouts are particularly hilarious.
Tarbell is effective at pushing viewers' childhood buttons. Here and there he uses paint the color of silly putty or duckling yellow to highlight features like the insides of rabbit ears. Plus his pieces' matted fur, resulting from the porcelain dip, inevitably recalls favorite stuffed friends we all accidentally left outside in the rain (don't tell me you didn't cry).
"The Struggles Play Nice" is fun and funny, but its underlying strength is Tarbell's ability to tap into our sense of fragile vulnerability as we all try to fake it 'til we make it.
Rob Tarbell's exhibition, "The Struggles Play Nice," is on view through March 1 at Second Street Gallery. 115 Second St. SE (in the Charlottesville City Center for the Arts). 977-7284.


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For the IPython project this was a major milestone, as we had wanted for years to have such a system, and it has generated a fair amount of interest online. In particular, on our mailing list a user asked us about the relationship between this effort and the well-known and highly capable Sage Notebook. In responding to the question, I ended up writing up a fairly detailed retrospective of our path to get to the IPython notebook, and it seemed like a good idea to put this up as a blog post to encourage discussion beyond the space of a mailing list, so here it goes (the original email that formed the base of this post, in case anyone is curious about the context).
The question that was originally posed by Oleg Mikulchenklo was: What is the relation and comparison between the IPython notebook and the Sage notebook? Can someone provide motivation and roadmap for the IPython notebook as an alternative to the Sage notebook? I'll try to answer that now...
Early efforts: 2001-2005
Let me provide some perspective on this, since it's a valid question that is probably in the minds of others as well. This is a long post, but I'm trying to do justice to over 10 years of development, multiple interactions between the two projects and the contributions of many people. I apologize in advance to anyone I've forgotten, and please do correct me in the comments, as I want to have a full record that's reasonably trustworthy.
Let's go back to the beginning: when I started IPython in late 2001, I was a graduate student in physics at CU Boulder, and had used extensively first Maple, then Mathematica, both of which have notebook environments. I also used Pascal (earlier) then C/C++, but those two (plus IDL for numerics) were the interactive environments that I knew well, and my experience with them shaped my views on what a good system for everyday scientific computing should look like. In particular, I was a heavy user of the Mathematica notebooks and liked them a lot.
I started using Python in 2001 and liked the language, but its interactive prompt felt like a crippled toy compared to the systems mentioned above or to a Unix shell. When I found out about sys.displayhook, I realized that by putting in a callable object, I would be able to hold state and capture previous results for reuse. I then wrote a python startup file to provide these features and some other niceties such as loading Numeric and Gnuplot, giving me a 'mini-mathematica' in Python (femto- might be a better description, in fairness). Thus was my 'ipython-0.0.1' born, a mere 259 lines to be loaded as $PYTYHONSTARTUP.
I also read an article that mentioned two good interactive systems for Python, LazyPython and IPP, not surprisingly also created by scientists. I say this because the natural flow of scientific computing pretty much mandates a solid interactive environment, so while other Python users and developers may like having occasional access to interactive facilities, scientists more or less demand them. I contacted their authors, Nathan Gray and Janko Hauser, seeking to join forces to create IPython; they were both very gracious and let me use their code, but didn't have the time to participate in the effort. As any self-respecting graduate student with a dissertation deadline looming would do, I threw myself full-time into building the first 'real' IPython by merging my code with both of theirs (eventually I did graduate, by the way).
The point of this little trip down memory lane is to show how from the very beginning, Mathematica and its notebooks (and the Maple worksheets before) were in my mind as the ideal environment for daily scientific work. In 2005 we had two Google SoC students and we took a stab at building, using Wx, a notebook system. Robert Kern then put some more work into the problem, but unfortunately that prototype never really became fully usable.
Sage bursts into the scene
In early 2006, William Stein organized the first Sage Days at UCSD and invited me; William and I had been in touch since 2005 as he was using IPython for the Sage terminal interface. I suggested Robert Kern come as well, and he demoed the notebook prototype he had at that point. It was very clear that the system wasn't production ready, and William was already starting to think about a notebook-like system for Sage as well. Eventually he started working on a browser-based system, and by Sage Days 2 in October 2006, as shown by the coding sprint topics, the Sage notebook was already usable.
For Sage, going at it separately was completely reasonable and justified: we were moving slowly and by that point we weren't even convinced the Wx approach would go anywhere. William is a force of nature and was trying to get Sage to be very usable very fast, so building something integrated for his needs was certainly the right choice.
We continued slowly working on IPython, and actually had another attempt at a notebook-type system in 2006-2007. By that point Brian Granger and Min Ragan-Kelley had come on board and we had built the Twisted-based parallel tools. Using this, Min got a notebook prototype working using an SQL/SQLAlchemy backend. We had the opportunity to work on many of these ideas during a workshop on Interactive Parallel Computation that William and I co-organized (along with others). Like Sage, this prototype used a browser for the client but it tried to retain the 'IPython experience', something the Sage notebook didn't provide.
Keeping the IPython experience in the notebook
This is a key difference of our approach and the Sage notebook, so it' worth clarifying what I mean, the key point being the execution model and its relation to the filesystem. The Sage notebook took the route of using the filesystem for notebook operations, so you can't meaningfully use 'ls' in it or move around the filesystem yourself with 'cd', because Sage will always execute your code in hidden directories with each cell actually being a separate subdirectory. This is a perfectly valid approach and has a number of very good consequences for the Sage notebook, but it is also very different from the IPython model where we always keep the user very close to the filesystem and OS. For us, it's really important that you can access local scripts, use %run, see arbitrary files conveniently, etc., as these are routine needs in data analysis and numerical simulation.
Furthermore, we wanted a notebook that would provide the entire IPython experience, meaning that magics, aliases, syntax extensions and all other special IPython features worked the same in the notebook and terminal. The Sage notebook reimplemented some of these things in its own way: they reused the % syntax but it has a different meaning, they took some of the IPython introspection code and built their own x?/?? object introspection system, etc. In some cases it's almost like IPython but in others the behavior is fairly different; this is fine for Sage but doesn't work for us.
So we continued with our own efforts, even though by then the Sage notebook was fairly mature. For a number of reasons (I honestly don't recall all the details), Min's browser-based notebook prototype also never reached production quality.
Breaking through our bottleneck and ZeroMQ
Eventually, in the summer of 2009 we were able to fund Brian to work full-time on IPython, thanks to Matthew Brett and Jarrod Millman, with resources from the NiPy project. Brian could then dig into the heart of the beast, and attack the fundamental problem that made IPython development so slow and hard: the fact that the main codebase was an outgrowth of that original merge from 2001 of my hack, IPP and LazyPython, by now having become an incomprehensible and terribly interconnected mess with barely any test suite. Brian was able to devote a summer full-time to dismantling these pieces and reassembling them so that they would continue to work as before (with only minimal regressions), but now in a vastly more approachable and cleanly modularized codebase.
This is where early 2010 found us, and then zerendipity struck: while on a month-long teaching trip to Colombia I read an article about ZeroMQ and talked to Brian about it, as it seemed to provide the right abstractions for us with a simpler model than Twisted. Brian then blew me away, coming back in two days with a new set of clean Cython-based bindings: we now had pyzmq! It became clear that we had the right tools to build a two-process implementation of IPython that could give us the 'real IPython' but communicating with a different frontend, and this is precisely what we wanted for cleaner parallel computing, multiprocess clients and a notebook.
When I returned from Colombia I had a free weekend and drove down from Berkeley to San Luis Obispo. Upon arriving at Brian's place I didn't even have zeromq installed nor had I read any docs about it. I installed it, and Brian simply told me what to type in IPython to import the library and open a socket, while he had another one open on his laptop. We then started exchanging messages from our IPython sessions. The fact that we could be up and running this fast was a good sign that the library was exactly what we wanted. We coded frantically in parallel: one of us wrote the kernel and the other the client, and we'd debug one of them while leaving the other running in the meantime. It was the perfect blend of pair programming and simultaneous development, and in just two days we had a prototype of a python shell over zmq working, proving that we could indeed build everything we needed. Incidentally, that code may still be useful to someone wanting to understand our basic ideas or how to build an interactive client over ZeroMQ, so I've posted it for reference as a standalone github repository.
Shortly thereafter, we had discussions with Eric Jones and Travis Oliphant at Enthought, who offered to support Brian and I to work in collaboration with Evan Patterson, and build a Qt console for IPython using this new design. Our little weekend prototype had been just a proof of concept, but their support allowed us to spend the time necessary to apply the same ideas to the real IPython. Brian and I would build a zeromq kernel with all the IPython functionality, while Evan built a Qt console that would drive it using our communications protocol. This worked extremely well, and by late 2010 we had a more or less complete Qt console working:
Over the summer of 2010, Omar Zapata and Gerardo Gutierrez worked as part of the Google Summer of Code project and started building both terminal- and Qt-based clients for IPython on top of ZeroMQ. Their task was made much harder because we hadn't yet refactored all of IPython to use zmq, but the work they did provided critical understanding of the problem at this point, and eventually by 0.12 much of it has been finally merged.
The value and correctness of this architecture became clear when Brian, Min and I met with the Enthought folks and Shahrokh Mortazavi and Dino Viehland from Microsoft. After a single session explaining to Dino and Shahrokh our design and pointing them to our github repository, they were able to build support for IPython into the new Python Tools for Visual Studio, without ever asking us a single question:
In October 2010 James Gao (a Berkeley neuroscience graduate student) wrote up a quick prototype of a web notebook, demonstrating again that this design really worked well and could be easily used by a completely different client:
And finally, in the summer of 2011 Brian took James' prototype and built up a fully working system, this time using websockets, the Tornado web server, JQuery for Javascript, CodeMirror for code editing, and MathJax for LaTeX rendering. Ironically, we had looked at Tornado in early 2010 along with ZeroMQ as a candidate for our communications, but dismissed it as it wasn't really the tool for that job; it now turned out to be the perfect fit for an asynchronous http server with Websockets support.
We merged Brian's work in late August while working on IRC from a boarding room at the San Francisco airport, just in time for me to present it at the EuroSciPy 2011 conference. We then polished it over the next few months to finally release it as part of IPython 0.12:
Other differences with the Sage notebook
We deliberately wrote the IPython notebook to be a lightweight, single-user program that feels like any other local application. The Sage notebook draws many parallels with the google docs model, by default requiring a login and showing all of your notebooks together, kept in a location separate from the rest of your files. In contrast, we want the notebook to just start like any other program and for the ipynb files to be part of your normal workflow, ready to be version-controlled just like any other, stored in your normal folders and easy to manage on their own. Update: as noted by Jason Grout, the Sage notebook was designed from the start to scale to big centralized multi-user servers (sagenb.org, with about 76,000 accounts, is a good example). The notebook that runs in the local user's computer is the same as the one in these large public servers.
There are other deliberate differences of interface and workflow:
- We keep our In/Out prompts explicit because we have an entire system of caching variables that uses those numbers, and because those numbers give the user a visual clue of the execution order of cells, which may differ from the document's order.
- We deliberately chose a structured JSON format for our documents. It's clear enough for human reading while allowing easy and powerful machine manipulation without having to write our own parsing. So writing utilities like a reStructuredText or LaTeX converter is very easy, as we recently showed.
- Our move to zmq allowed us (thanks to Thomas Kluyver's tireless work) to ship the notebook working both on Python2 and Python3 out of the box. The current version of the Sage notebook only works on Python2, in part due to its use of Twisted. Update: William pointed out to me that the upcoming 5.0 version of the notebook will have a vastly reduced dependency on Twisted, so this will soon be less of an issue for Sage.
- Because our notebook works in the normal filesystem, and lets you create .py files right next to the .ipynb just by passing --script at startup, you can reuse your notebooks like normal scripts, import one notebook from another or a normal python script, etc. I'm not sure how to import a Sage notebook from a normal python file, or if it's even possible.
- We have a long list of plans for the document format: multi-sheet capabilities, LaTeX-style preamble, per-cell metadata, structural cells to allow outline-level navigation and manipulation such as in LyX, improved literate programming and validation/reproducibility support, ... For that, we need to control the document format ourselves so we can evolve it according to our needs and ideas.
As you see, there are indeed a number of key differences between our notebook and the sage one, but there are very good technical reasons for this. The notebook integrates with our architecture and leverages it; you can for example use the interactive debugger via a console or qtconsole against a notebook kernel, something not possible with the sage notebook.
In addition, Sage is GPL licensed while IPython is BSD licensed. This means we can not directly reuse their code, though when we have asked them to relicense specific pieces of code to us, they have always agreed to do so. But large-scale reuse of Sage code in IPython is not really viable.
The value of being the slowest in the race
As this long story shows, it has taken us a very long time to get here. But what we have now makes a lot of sense for us, even considering the existence of the Sage notebook and how good it is for many use cases. Our notebook is just one particular aspect of a large and rich architecture built around the concept of a Python interpreter abstracted over a JSON-based, explicitly defined communications protocol. Even considering purely http clients, the notebook is still just one of many possible: you can easily build an interface that only evaluates a single cell with a tiny bit of javascript like the Sage single cell server, for example.
Furthermore, since Min also reimplemented our parallel machinery completely with pyzmq, now we have one truly common codebase for all of IPython. We still need to finish up a bit of integration between the interactive kernels and the parallel ones, but we plan to finish that soon.
In many ways, our slow pace of development paid off:
- We had multiple false starts that helped us much to better understand the hard parts of the problem and where the dead ends would lie.
- We were still thinking about this all the time: even when we couldn't spare the time to actively work on it, we had no end of discussions on these things over the years (esp. Brian, Min and I, but also with others at meetings and conferences).
- The Sage notebook was a great trailblazer showing both what could be done, and also how there were certain decisions that we wanted to make differently.
What next?
We have a lot of ideas for the notebook, as we want it to be the best possible environment for modern computational work (scientific work is our focus, but not its only use), including research, education and publication, with consistent support for clean and reproducible practices throughout. We are fairly confident that the core design and architecture are extremely solid, and we already have a long list of ideas and improvements we want to make. We are limited only by manpower and time, so please join us on github and pitch in!
Since this post was motivated by questions about Sage, I'd like to emphasize that we have had multiple, productive collaborations with William and other Sage developers in the past, and I expect that to continue to be the case. On certain points that collaboration has already led to convergence; e.g. the new Sage single cell server uses the IPython messaging protocol, after we worked closely with Jason Grout during Sage Days 29 in March 2011 thanks to William's invitation. Furthermore, William's invitations to several Sage Days events, as well as the workshops we have organized together over the years, offered multiple opportunities for collaboration and discussion that proved critical on the way to today's results.
In the future we may find other areas where we can reuse tools or approaches common to Sage and IPython. It is clear to us that the Sage notebook is a fantastic system, it just wasn't the right fit for IPython. I hope this very long post illustrates why, as well as providing some insights into our vision for scientific computing.
Last, but not least
From this post it should be obvious that what today's IPython is the result of the work of many talented people over the years, and I would like to thank all the developers and users who contribute to the project. But it's especially important to recognize the stunning quality and quantity of work that Brian Granger and Min Ragan-Kelley have done for this to be possible. Brian and I did our PhDs together at CU and we have been close friends since then. Min was an undergraduate student of Brian's while he was a professor at U. Santa Clara and the first IPython parallel implementation using Twisted was his senior thesis project; he is now a PhD student at Berkeley (where I work) so we continue to be able to easily collaborate. Building a project like IPython with partners of such talent, dedication, tenacity and generous spirit is a wonderful experience. Thanks, guys!
Please notify me in the comments of any inaccuracies in the above, especially if I failed to credit someone.


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As a scientist, I don't believe in things which haven't been proven. As a gardener, my mind is open to other possibilities, especially if there is the slightest suggestion that my plants might grow better. I'm thinking of my florence fennel plants in particular ...
I love florence fennel, it tastes too good to be a vegetable but unfortunately the produce in the supermarket always looks rather aged and is quite expensive considering. I've only ever seen the slim bulbs on sale; I've read that rounded bulbs have a superior flavour. Some people call them male and female respectively, others vice versa. The truth is that the flowers of fennel are hermaphrodite. All florence fennel bulbs start life with a slim, flattish shape, as they mature they round up, then as they progress further to flowering they revert back to a flattish shape.
The plan was to grow florence fennel myself so that I could keep an eye on them and harvest when the bulbs were at their desirable rounded stage. There were a few seedlings left after the slug attack :
|Fennel plants #1&2 indoor-sown at the end of March
Fennel is in the same family as carrots, celery, dill, anise, cumin & caraway, which explains why it looks like celery but has a sweet aniseed flavour. Wild fennel doesn't develop a swollen bulb; its seeds are bitter. Florence fennel was bred to develop a bulb which could be eaten as a vegetable and Sweet fennel was bred for sweet seeds which could be used as a spice.
Florence fennel is supposed to take 80 days to grow from seed to vegetable :
|plant #1 - grown in fresh peat-free compost
|... with no swelling at the end of November
|plant #2 - grown in stale compost in my lucky pot
|... with a little swelling at the end of November
According to articles I've read, potential causes for my florence fennel bulbs not developing are:
(1) I sowed the seeds too early, while the weather was still cold.
(2) I transplanted the plants at least twice.
(3) I didn't water them enough
(4) I didn't allow enough room for the long tap roots (plant #1)
(5) I didn't fertilise the soil enough (plant #2)
Any of these or other factors could have stressed the plants into bolting (flowering prematurely) which diverts the plant's energy away from the bulb, concentrating on seed production. From the plants' perspective, their purpose in life is to reproduce, not to make vegetables.
|fennel plants #1&2 re-potted - just in case
Do you see why I am seeking extra-terrestial assistance ?
Next year I'll sow florence fennel seeds directly in the garden soil in their final locations, in April & June, on dates aligned with and opposed to the lunar calendar, watering some more than others. A 3 factor x 2 level experiment with 3 repetitions which will require 24 plants.
Surely at least one of them will present me with the elusive round fennel bulb.
Photos of "male" and "female" fennel bulbs ... and a recipe for a salad made with raw fennel :
I like to slice fennel thickly, blanch, then saute in olive oil with a dash of pernod ... or combine these ingredients in a delicious fish soup :
For plump bulbs to eat as vegetables, sow florence fennel in June when the weather is warm :
For fennel "seeds" (they're actually fruits), sow sweet or bitter (wild) fennel in early April :