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Palestinians took to the streets throughout Israel over the weekend in protest of the fatal shooting of a young man by Israeli police early Saturday morning.
Schools, shops and business were closed in Palestinian towns and villages throughout the country on Sunday, part of a general strike in connection to the killing of 22-year-old Kheir Hamadan in the village of Kfar Kana near the northern city of Nazareth.
Police officers from Nazareth were reportedly called to the village early Saturday morning to arrest another man on suspicion of throwing a stun grenade during a family dispute. Kheir Hamdan, the man's cousin, reportedly attacked the police car with what looked to be a knife.
While police reports state that a warning shot was fired, CCTV footage shows the officers exiting the vehicle as Hamdan walked away with his back turned. One officer then raises his gun and shoots the youth in his torso from no more than two meters away. The officers are then seen dragging Hamdan's limp body across the ground and into the police van.
The episode has sparked heavy clashes between Palestinian youth and Israeli police forces in Kafr Kanna, where youths threw stones and Molotov cocktails at police, blocked main roads with burning tires, raised Palestinian flags and called for an intifada.
An estimated 1.7 million Palestinians carry Israeli citizenship and live in cities, towns and villages cross present day Israel. They make up more than 20 percent of the population. According to Adalah legal center, a Haifa-based advocacy group, Palestinian citizens of Israel face more than 50 discriminatory laws that limit their access to state resources and repress their political expression.
Rauf Hamdan, the father of the deceased, said to the crowd in Kafr Kanna on Saturday: "My son was killed in cold blood because he is an Arab. This disaster is not related only to Kafr Kanna, but touches the entire Arab sector. This is a racist act. We will not forgive the police. We will take the appropriate steps against the police."
Demonstrators carried posters bearing a photo of Hamdan and the words, "His only crime was being an Arab," chanting "Zionists get out of our lives."
"First, we demand that the Israeli government treat us as citizens," Mazen Ghanaim, chairman of the committee of Arab local council leaders in Israel, told the New York Times on Sunday. Mr. Ghanaim said that Israeli police had killed 49 Arabs since 2000. "We have a feeling that our blood is cheap," he said.
The same committee declared a general strike for Sunday and called on Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to fire Yitzhak Aharonovitch, Israel's public security minister.
Aharonovitch was called out due to comments he made last week, arguing that any "terrorist" who harms civilians "should be killed."
The Association for Civil Rights in Israel warned the Israel's Attorney General in a letter that such a "sweeping statement by the minister could be interpreted as taking off the gloves to allow the use of deadly force for reasons that are not justified and against the law."
"Lethal force can only be used by police as a last resort," the group wrote.
Protests continued throughout Sunday, as Palestinian citizens and leaders in Israel collectively accused the police of killing Hamdan "in cold blood" because he was an Arab. Demonstrations took place throughout Israel, from Kafr Kanna to Taibe, from Tira to Shfamer, from Haifa to Tel Aviv to Beersheba.
This weekend's clashes and protests come in conjunction to the recent violence and unrest in and around East Jerusalem, which have been fueled in large part by a potentially explosive dispute over prayer rights at the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, known to Muslims as the Noble Sanctuary and to Jews as the Temple Mount. The issue has struck a nerve amongst the Palestinian population in Israel, the majority of whom are Muslim.
Israel's Ministry of Justice was quick to announce that its police internal investigations committee would look into the incident in an effort to quell the quickly spreading flames.
But local Arab leaders were soon further enraged by the inflammatory reactions of many Israeli cabinet ministers.
"We will take determined action against those who throw stones, firebombs and fireworks, and block roads, and against demonstrations that call for our destruction," said Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
The prime minister than added a remark specifically aimed at Israel's Palestinian citizens: "I have instructed the interior minister to use all means, including evaluating the possibility of revoking the citizenship of those who call for the destruction of the State of Israel."
Senior minister and leader of the right-wing Jewish Home Party Naftali Bennet said in a statement: "A crazed Arab terrorist attacked our policemen's vehicle with a knife in an attempt to murder them. A policeman shot him. That is what is expected from our security forces."
Hamdan's father, Rauf, is adamant that if his son had not been Arab, he would still be alive today, touching on a commonly held notion that Israeli police are too quick to use deadly force when a Palestinian is involved.
"If he had been a Jew, it wouldn't have ended that way. They wouldn't have shot him and if they had, they would have shot him in the leg and he wouldn't be dead."
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If you like breaded cod, you have got to try this
I don't eat fish as often as I should. I don't particularly like fish's taste and I hate handling fish. I have a very sensitive nose and that smell on my fingers drives me bonkers. My husband, however, does like fish and so, when he shops at Costco, he occasionally brings home frozen breaded cod, of the fish-and-chips variety. These fish sticks are certainly easy to make: heat up the toaster oven, put them in, turn them over once, and eat. The problem is that they have a lot of grease in them and they taste fishy. Ick and ick.
The last time he went to Costco, though, my husband came home with something new: Okains Bay Breaded Cod. Even though we're a family of four, I put only six small pieces in the toaster oven. I figured I'd choke down one, my kids might eat up to a half of one, and my husband would eat one or two. Then, the dog would either eat or reject the rest. We always have leftovers.
Tonight, my husband and I fought over the six I prepared, and sneered at the kids' unwillingness to try this breaded cod. It was, without doubt, the best breaded cod I've ever had, any time, any where. It may also have been the best fish dish I've ever had, although a well-prepared filet of sole always goes down well.
Usually, if you hear me kvelling about food, I'm talking about chocolate (mousse, ice cream, chips), creme brulee, or yogurt (these are my two favorites). For me to be in blogging mode about breaded fish, of all things, tells you something about how wonderful it was. If you like to eat breaded cod, but don't like to prepare it yourself, and if you find yourself staring at some Okains Bay' cod in your market's freezer section, buy it! It is divine.

subset: commoncrawl


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Nancy Reid Carr
Pink Cherry Blossoms Cuff
Regular price $ 36.00
$ 0.00
Unit price
Nancy Reid Carr's Aluminum Prints are eye-grabbing, edgy and offer a unique glow. Nancy's photographic images are printed directly to a brushed aluminum substrate. The unique characteristics of the Aluminum Print allows lighter color values to bleed through to the aluminum, allowing some of the texture to be seen. Somewhat reminiscent of Daguerreotypes, these printed cuffs are modern, striking and vibrant.


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Dynamis Bush Flower Essence
- Product Details
- £11.00
- Promotions
Free Skincare Bundle when you spend £75 T&C apply
- Size 30ml
- Product Buying Options
This essence wonderfully combines to increase vitality.
Negative Condition: Sluggishness, exhaustion, heaviness, tiredness, daily stress, burnout, temporary loss of drive, feeling flat.
Positive Outcome: Enthusiasm, abundant energy, joy for life, centered, balances thyroid, harmonizes vital forces, regulates adrenals.
Seven drops from the bottle under the tongue, morning and night. For further information please consult a flower remedies practitioner or our Customer Services department.
Brandy, water, bush flower essences of old man banksia, macrocarpa, crowea, wild potato bush, banksias robur. This is a vegan product.
UK Standard (3 - 5 working days Monday - Friday)
- FREE UK standard delivery on all orders over £40
- £4.95 on orders under £40
- £1 Gift Voucher only orders
UK Express
- £6.95 Orders placed before noon Monday to Thursday will arrive on the next working day before 5.30pm, except certain postcodes. Not including Saturday or Sunday. Orders placed before noon on a Friday will arrive on the following Monday. Excluding Bank Holidays.
All UK orders
Parcel force (except where stated). Anytime from 8am - 5.30pm Monday - Friday
Require a signature on delivery. Should the recipient not be in, the parcel may be taken to the nearest Post Office or a re-delivery attempted the following day.
European (Within EEC)
- £11 Courier. Please allow up to 14 working days for delivery
International (Non EEC)
- £30 on orders under £500. Please allow up to 14 working days for delivery
- £60 on orders over £500. Please allow up to 14 working days for delivery


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Homme is Macie Stewart (of Marrow) and Sima Cunningham, and they have what they call a "harmonic connection."
"Woman," the opening track of the duo's debut self-titled EP, doesn't reveal itself at the very beginning. It starts with a lone, cyclical guitar riff punctuated by twisting melodic phrases, only giving brief glimpses of a rougher sound. It evolves slowly, and by the time the final chorus comes around, the song is an absolute headbanger.
The visual for "Woman," directed by filmmaker and fellow musician Maren Celest, captures the song's grittiness and anticipation. Images fade in and out of a kaleidoscopic dreamscape: one moment Cunningham and Stewart are tumbling underwater, silently screaming into a telephone; a moment later it's cut to a black screen. As the song builds to the last explosive chorus, a woman's hands slowly caress a pocket knife. As she finally pierces the white background, a distorted guitar wails into the stratosphere. It's noisy, beautiful, and hard to define, like the music itself.
"Homme" the EP runs the gamut from folk to experimental rock, but it could have easily sounded very different. Cunningham and Stewart are multi instrumentalists who, between them, have probably studied every genre there is. But instead of relying on familiar genres or a mass of instruments, they choose to rely on intuition and improvisation to "create as much sound and energy as possible" with just their voices and two electric guitars. By "cycling between improvisation and structure," Homme creates an elusive and compelling sound that dips in and out of familiarity. Their EP is only the beginning.
Visit Homme at their website, and catch them live at the Hideout on May 21st, and Millenium Park Summer Music Series on August 25th.
HOMME is an experiment in voice and guitar by two friends, Sima Cunningham and Macie Stewart. Birthed in the summer of 2014.
On this track:
Music and Lyrics by Macie Stewart
All instruments performed by HOMME
Engineered and Produced by Dorian Gehring
"Singletrack" is CAR's Artist Story for Chicago performers in which songwriters, bands, playwrights, actors and writers discuss the creation of a recorded work alongside audio or video clips of the performance. To submit your song for consideration, please email our researchers.


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Flashpacker (def): Flashpacking is a new trend among travellers who share the backpacking ethos. Someone, usually in their mid-20s to early 30s, who travels like a backpacker but has more disposal income; also uses electronics on the road i.e. iPod or laptop; expects better accommodation and more amenities; seeks to explore the world but not give up comforts. Flashpacking is backpacking for the 21st century.
Except for our ages - my wife Gloria and I are in our late 50s - this description probably applies to us. Our long-awaited trip after retiring, intended to flee a good chunk of winter, finally came down to deciding where to go. Picking the brains of recent travellers and doing plenty of online research, we concluded Southeast Asia was our best bet.
People our age consider "winging it" through five countries an example of adventure travel. After a 32-year career with Edmonton Fire Rescue, I didn't want extreme adventure. Gloria would take it in small doses.
Everyone asked if we would be on a tour. Tours are expensive and too regimented for us. They do have advantages, but being on a leash doesn't appeal to us. Finding a piece of paradise and having to abandon it in an hour can be very disappointing.
Winging it has plenty of logistic challenges and self-reliance is paramount. Our have-to stops were a few UNESCO World Heritage sites including Angkor Wat, Halong Bay and China's Great Wall. Our lazy, unstructured itinerary left plenty of time at each and in between.
Most challenging was packing efficiently. With only one medium suitcase each, we fretted over what, or what not, to take. That turned out to be a total time waster.
Clothes are everywhere and cheap in the markets in Cambodia and Vietnam. International companies have large factories there and the irregulars/seconds are dumped locally. They'll also tailor any type of outfit and ship it home for you. For $110 you can get you a made-to-order silk suit in one day.
Usually when we travel, we book ahead only for the first night or two of accommodation. If we like a place, we'll stay - if not, we saddle up. Hotel photos can be very creative.
We took a laptop and it was invaluable: for banking; as an alarm clock; checking e-mail and weather; searching for accommodation and sights; updating ourselves on travel warnings and scams; and as a telephone to talk, using Skype, with our children regularly. We also bought landline time from Skype.
Many eateries, cafés, and just about all hotels/guest houses have free Wi-Fi; sometimes with a shared computer in the lobby. Dedicated Internet places offer Skype, photocopying, printing and CD burning. Bank account passwords and passport copies were uploaded to a server and saved in an e-mail. Internet maps provided locations of train and bus stations. If we got lost, we'd simply hop in a cab.
Only two types of plug-in converters were necessary for China, Korea, Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos. Both had two cylindrical prongs, with one device smaller than the other. As they say in Southeast Asia: "same, same, but different."
English books can be found in scattered bookstores or hotel book swaps. Books take up space so an e-book reader was the way to go. It's small and can download stories in seconds with a decent Wi-Fi signal.
We got our first entry visa online direct from the Cambodian embassy. The remainder were applied for on the fly at foreign embassies. It's cheaper and faster -except for China; the slowest at four days. They squeeze time-constrained tourists by steering them to an "express" option at double the cost.
Avoid visa-on-arrival letters. Pay close attention to visa time limits as some begin upon entry and others begin as soon as you receive them. The bar code on our Cambodian entry visa didn't print out at home and caused some concern at the Phnom Penh airport. But they love tourists there and let me use their immigration computer. ASEAN countries are presently ironing out a unified "one visa."
Do bring duct tape, laundry bar soap and a length of clothesline to hang out wet clothing, although your laundry can be done for a dollar or two per kilogram.
We took U.S. cash and Amex traveller's cheques, which are useless to a thief. It's a chore trying to cash them, however, because it requires a passport. We kept our passports and cash bagged in small packets and carried them with us most of the time. Other times we stowed valuables in a vault in the room or at the hotel desk, wrapped in a bag and duct-taped.
My debit card wouldn't fit into a few ATMs in Vietnam and Cambodia, while others accepted it; however, you get a better rate for U.S. cash. Visa is not widely accepted at smaller hotels, so booking online as you go works well.
Don't worry about being homeless for a night as there are more hotels off the grid than on. The more you venture farther away from touristy areas, the more you'll need local currency.
Our budget was $50 to $60 per day or under $2,000 per month (food and accommodation with some transportation). We based it on $20 to $30 hotel rooms, with a flush toilet, private washroom, and pool. For the most part we stayed within the budget; often below it.
Many young backpackers stay at $3-a-night-and-up guest houses. If you choose to live large, a budget of $60 to $100 per day will certainly do it.
Cabs and tuk-tuks (motorcycles pulling a four-seater cart) in Asia are cheap transport. Hiring one for the day is worthwhile, but you'll have to be a savvy negotiator. It helps to look at a city map before you arrive anywhere.
In Kep, we got off the bus and were solicited by a tuk-tuk driver, who gave us a strange look when we told him our hotel name. His colleagues snickered, making us suspicious that something was up. He quickly took our dollar and drove us to our hotel -around the corner.
Don't buy tours or tickets on the street. Hotels and guest houses, along with travel agents, are your best option for travel/tour tickets as they'll save you time and legwork -and you'll have someone to yell at if your trip goes sour.
In Cambodia, if you book a room ahead, someone will meet you at the bus station holding up a VIP sign with your misspelled name. It's hilarious.
Vietnamese National Railways filled up faster than we expected. Rail car seating is a maze of options: hard seats, soft seats, suites, first class, A/C, sleepers, slow vs. fast trains, etc. Call in the travel agent on that one.
In Cambodia, use the Mekong Express: good Japanese buses, a stewardess, free pastries, moist towelettes, karaoke-style music videos, and employees who gleefully wave as you leave the terminal. A competitor bus company we used once broke down, requiring us to stand in the heat for an hour. But that's Asia. Everyone accepts these things. Perseverance is compulsory here.
Do not take the "sleeper" buses in Vietnam: late-night music, crazy wild driving, horrible roads, no shock absorbers, and still-warm blankets from the last passengers.
English is prevalent in many places in varying degrees. Not as much in China. Expect to occasionally pantomime what you need, and carry a "quick guide" of words in the local language. The locals appreciated our attempts to communicate. Hello, goodbye and thank you saw us through.
Checking English-language websites of local newspapers kept us apprised of events and weather. While in Asia, 12 people drowned when a tour boat sank in Halong Bay and the tsunami hit Japan. It made us wary of the cheapest tours.
We spent a lot of time cruising riversides and seashores. It seems that even the poorest towns in Asia have improved theirs, turning them into vibrant gathering places.
Booking transport and rooms too far ahead resulted in us missing a few events. But that's winging it. Do research on local festivals and events, and try to time your trip to them.
Our biggest decision was where and what to eat and discussing options for our next move. Cambodian, Lao and Vietnamese menus are similar, hence, "same, same, but different." Patrons can linger at eateries for long periods as the owners like having bodies at tables to attract passersby.
Fruit here is plentiful and cheap and we ate it for nearly all our lunches. Bring a thin cutting board and sharp knife. Although we ate some street-food, we didn't get sick, crediting a combination of Dukoral medication, food wariness, chilies and luck. No salads, uncooked meals, smoothies with crushed ice, or ice cube drinks. Definitely no tap water. After eating at one busy place we happened to see the dishwashing area and figured we'd be laid up. People told us if that we happened to get seriously hurt or sick, go directly to Thailand -do not pass go.
Five countries were a bit much as the many currency conversions and languages overlapped in our heads and at times became confusing. We should have spent more time on the Cambodian coast and less in northern Vietnam as somewhat cooler temps there in February and March surprised us.
At no time did we feel threatened or unsafe. Locals were accommodating and friendly and older people are generally accorded more respect. We underestimated the trek on the Janshanling section of the Great Wall. It was a tough haul, but we did it.
The sights, sounds and smells in Southeast Asia can almost be overwhelming, akin to being dropped onto another planet. Riding in an open tuk-tuk is almost magical. Pungent frangipani scents mix with exhaust, charcoal cooking fires, incense and the odd whiff of fish and sewage. It's a heady mix.
Small children and extended families create lively street scenes and are present in almost every business. Their world is public and much work is still done on the sidewalks: moto repair to haircuts to barbecuing entire hogs.
The really good news was that beer is still a buck, and even cheaper some places. Deja vus all over again. The bad news is coming home and having to cook again. There were a lot more people there our age and older winging it. All it takes is a bit more effort.
Here are some helpful websites if you are planning a trip to Southeast Asia: Talesofasia.com, Agoda.com, travelfish.org, Tripadvisor.com, asiarooms.com and Foreign Affairs Canada at international.gc.ca/international/index.aspx


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Introduction to Form 15G and Form 15H
Everyone is aware that Form 15G and Form 15H are used for avoiding the TDS deduction while computing the interest earned during the financial year. In this article we are discussing important points to remember while submitting the Form 15G and Form 15H to the deductor. We have also included frequently asked questions and answers on Form 15G and Form 15H.
Form 15H :- Declaration under sub-section (1C) of section 197A of the Income-tax Act, 1961, to be made by an individual who is of the age of sixty-five years or more (Sixty Years from 1st July, 2012) claiming certain receipts without deduction of tax.
- Form 15H can be submitted only by Individual above the age of 65 years. (Age limit reduced to 60 Years from from 1st July, 2012)
- Estimated tax for the previous assessment year should be nil. That means he did not pay any tax for the previous year because his income is not coming under the taxable limit.
- This form should be submitted to all the deductors to whom you advanced a loan. For example you have deposit in three SBI bank branches Rs.100000 each. You must submit the Form 15H to each branch.
- Submit this form before the first payment of your interest. It is not mandatory but it will avoid the TDS deduction. In case of the delay, the bank may deduct the TDS and issue TDS certificate at the end of year.
- You need to submit form 15H to banks if interest from one branch of a bank exceeds 10000/- in a year.
- You need to submit for 15H If interest on loan ,advance, debentures , bonds or say Interest income other then interest on bank exceeds 5000/-.
Form 15G :- Declaration under sub-sections (1) and (1A) of section 197A of the Income-tax Act, 1961, to be made by an individual or a person (not being a company or a firm) claiming certain receipts without deduction of tax of tax.
- Form 15G can be submitted by Individual below the age of 65 years (Age limit reduced to 60 Years from from 1st July, 2012)) and Hindu Undivided family.
- The above points are applicable to the Form 15G as well, except that the Form 15H is only for the senior citizen.
- Form 15G should be submitted before the first payment of interest on fixed deposit.
Category of Tax Payer
Income Tax Section
Download Form
Individual:Senior Citizen
Sub-section (1C) of section 197A
15H (pdf)
Individual:Non senior Citizen
Sub-sections (1) and (1A) of section 197A
Difference between form 15G and 15H:-
- Form 15G can be submitted by individual below the Age of 65 Years while form 15H can be submitted by senior citizens i.e. individual's above the age of 65 years. (60 Years from 1st July 2012).
- Form 15G can be submitted by Hindu undivided families but form 15H can be submitted only by Individual above the age of 65 years. ( 60 Years from 1st July 2012).
- 15G CAN NOT BE filed by any person whose income from interest on securities/interest other than "interest on securities"/units/amounts referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 80CCA exceeds maximum amount not chargeable to tax.
In nutshell we can say that anybody whose tax on estimated income is not NIL and having income from interest on securities/interest other than "interest on securities"/units/amounts referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 80CCA exceeds maximum amount not chargeable to tax can not file DECLARATION u/s 15G . This is clear from the point 3 & 4 of the of From 15 G.
However, if you are eligible and also fulfill the condition, the payer can not deduct the tax even if it is above 10,000.
Senior Citizens who are eligible to file Declaration in Form 15H has no such conditions. They can submit form 15H even if there total Income from interest on securities/interest other than "interest on securities"/units/amounts referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 80CCA exceeds maximum amount not chargeable to tax if tax payable by them is NIL. This is clear from point 4 of the form 15H, which reads as under:-
" 4. that the tax on my estimated total income, including *income/incomes referred to in the Schedule below computed in accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961, for the previous year ending on relevant to the assessment year _____________ will be nil"
Frequently Asked Questions on Form 15G and From 15H
Question:- I am 70 years old. I invested a sum of Rs 5,00,000 in January 2004, in GOI 8 per cent savings bonds (taxable), 2003, via a leading private bank. The bonds issued were on a cumulative basis with a maturity period of six years. The total interest payable at the time of maturity is Rs 3,00,500. I have declared the income from the bonds on an accrual basis y-o-y, and have been filing tax returns since A/Y 2006/07. But the bank is not accepting Form 15H stating that the total interest payable on maturity is more than the threshold limit for senior citizens – Rs 2,40,000, and is insisting on my submitting Certificate u/s 197 from the IT office. What do I do?
Answer:– The bank should have deducted tax at source. It seems the bank has not provided for the accrued interest and is therefore not accepting Form 15H. You can prove that the tax on your total income of the previous year in which the interest is to be received shall be nil, even after including the cumulative interest the bank should not resort to tax deduction at source. You can submit Form 15H for deduction of tax at source for A.Y. 2010-11.
Question :- I am a senior citizen having income liable for tax deduction at source in respect of my deposits with State Bank of Hyderabad. They asked me whether I would be filing declaration in Form 15G or 15H in the first week of March in respect of payments made during the year so that I am in a position to judge whether I have taxable income for the year or not and file declaration in Form 15H, if I have no taxable income. On the other hand, State Bank of India and, I understand, some other banks require form at the time of deposit itself. It may not be proper for the bank to act on such declaration made in one year for another year or for that matter act on a declaration which had become stale filed in earlier part of the year for payment towards the end of the year. What is the correct position of law?
Answer:– The doubt raised by the reader is a valid one. The law itself does not provide for any date on which the declaration is required to be filed as long as it relates to the income of the year and filed during the year. Since the deduction of tax at source has to be decided on the date of each credit or payment, deduction has to be made for each such credit or payment. Where an investor is not able to file the declaration in earlier part of the year in view of the uncertainty as to the prospect of his income crossing the exemption limit, he can probably inform the bank that deduction could be deferred till the end of the year. But then, the bank would like to have the declaration at the time of payment so that the declaration may have necessarily to be filed before the first quarterly payment, if the interest is payable quarterly. The difficulty for the investor in ascertaining the income in advance in such cases cannot be avoided. Tax may have to be deducted and refund applied in due course in such cases.
Question:- It is stated that 15H form is concessional for individuals aged 65 or more as this form, unlike 15G form, does not carry the restrictive declaration to the effect that the aggregate of eligible incomes will not exceed the maximum amount which is chargeable to income tax (Item No. 4 in 15G form). 1. Can it be interpreted, that there is no ceiling on the aggregate incomes/ amounts liable for tax deduction for senior citizens of the age of 65 or more? 2. It should be "not exceeding the maximum exemption limit" and not "not exceeding the minimum exemption limit". 3. Form No. 15H in circulation at present states that the particulars of the amounts are as per the schedule below. But there is no such schedule at all. The one and only schedule is about "investments". Of course, Form 15G carries this Schedule as "Schedule V". 4. Item 2 in Form 15H reads as "that my present occupation is…." At 65 and above, many have no occupations at all. 5. Item 3 in this form states "…. and am entitled to a deduction from the amount of income-tax on my total income referred to in section 88B". Can you please enlighten me on this point regarding Sec. 88B?
Answer:– As regards the first point, the limit for tax deduction for others is inapplicable for senior citizens, but the limit for statutory deduction under Sec. 80-C, for example, is applicable.
The second point made by him is correct.
As for the third point, the omission pointed out in Form 15H, the schedule for withdrawal from NSS alone has been given, because the other schedules as in Form 15G have apparently been considered unnecessary, since there is no ceiling by way of limit for tax deduction at source, so as to require the split up of the different incomes.
The fourth point made is 4 that the Form 15-H contemplates occupation for everyone is really not a defect, since a person without occupation can well fill up the column as nil. As for the last point, reference to Sec. 88B, providing for rebate for seniors citizens, has since been omitted with effect from April 1, 2006 on substitution of this relief by higher exemption limit. The Form has not been updated after this change. Probably, it was considered not necessary, because of the possible understanding that the reference to Sec. 88B is only for the limited purpose of adopting the definition of senior citizen under the section, when it was in vogue.
Question: What should I do if I am not liable to pay tax and TDS is not required to be deducted?
Answer:- To avail the benefit of deduction of tax at source at Nil/lower rate, you may submit any of the following documentation:
Certificate from the Indian tax authorities : Certificate under section 197 of the Act issued by the Assessing Officer for nil / concessional rate of TDS can be submitted by any bondholder including companies and firms. The certificate should be submitted by the deductee to the deductor.
- Form 15G: If you are a resident person (other than a company, Co-operative society or a firm), you can submit Form 15G in duplicate to deductor. As per the provisions of section 197A of the Act, Form 15G can be submitted provided the tax on your estimated total income for the financial year computed in accordance with the provisions of the Act is NIL ) and the interest paid or payable to you does not exceed the maximum amount which is not chargeable to tax.
- Form 15H: If you are a senior citizen, i.e. if you are of the age of 65 years and above at any point of time during the financial year, you can submit Form 15H even if your income exceeds Rs.240,000 p.a. for the purposes of non-deduction of tax at source if your estimated total income for the financial year computed in accordance with the provisions of the Act is NIL. Entities exempt from tax as per CBDT Circular:
- Certain specified entities whose income is unconditionally exempt under section 10 of the Act and who are statutorily not required to file return of income as per section 139 of the Act, CBDT has vide Circular no.4/2002 dated July 16, 2002, granted blanket TDS exemption. Some examples of the specified entities are provident funds, gratuity funds, local authority, hospitals exempt under section 10(23C)(iiiac), educational institutions or university exempt under section 10(23C)(iiiab).
Exemption for insurance companies: Certain entities such as Life Insurance Corporation of India, General insurance Corporation of India along with its four subsidiaries or any other insurer are eligible to receive interest on securities without deduction of tax at source, if such securities are owned by them or it has full beneficial interest in the same.
Question:– I am an account holder in a nationalised bank and I filed Form 15H. The bank authorities refused to give acknowledgement for the same, though I have given it in duplicate. What is more is that they have deducted tax though I have no taxable income. What is the remedy for the amount already deducted and to avoid such deduction in future?
Answer:- Where tax has already been deducted and deposited by the bank, the only recourse for the assessee is to file a refund claim along with the return with the assessing officer and await the refund. It is possible for an assessee to seek remedy for deficiency of service in a consumer forum or to file a complaint with the Ombudsman asking for compensation for the trouble to which the reader has been put to. But then, the reader had failed to press for an acknowledgement. He should have complained about denial of acknowledgement at that stage to the concerned superior officers or should have sent it by registered post acknowledgement due for purposes of evidence for his case. In fact, it is not open to the bank official to refuse acceptance of any document sought to be served on the bank or refuse acknowledgement, where demanded.
Some reader has complained about the inordinate delay in getting TDS certificate to enable claim of refund in time. Such complaints received from time to time indicate the inordinate delay on the part of even banks and large corporate as regards this statutory duty to issue such certificates promptly. In the case of banks, this is again a matter on which complaint should be made to senior officers of banks in writing and on failure of response to the Ombudsman. A complaint to the TDS section of the Income-tax Department, which is expected to enforce law regarding issue of TDS certificate promptly, should be the most effective remedy, if only the TDS cell activates itself to enforce the law and the rules on those responsible for tax deduction at source for the benefit of the taxpayers.


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LawnSite Senior Member
- Location
- Dearborn, MI
Has anyone had problems with using redmax oil? I have used opti for the last 10 years and tried this redmax oil because a local didn't have opti in 2.5 gallon mix pouches. So they sold me red max and within a week I lost a trimmer. I thought it was old so thought nothing of it. The next week my redmax backpack dies. I think it's the oil. The equipment dieing is in the amount of use it getting. I fear my other equip is going to start to crap out. Anyone herd of any problems? When I tore down the wacker It seemed dry to what it usually is when Tear it down and inspect it. I took it to the dealer that sold me this crap, but I don't know what is going to happen.


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I had a customer ask me about why signatures in their PDFs that they had signed with Acrobat would not verify. Doing a little digging, it became apparent that while the group had created and begun using signatures in Acrobat, they had not established trust within the group.
An electronic signature, like a pen-and-ink signature, is only as good as your belief that the signature is genuine. In a paper workflow, we can witness someone applying their mark to the paper. We use ink because it is hard to remove from the paper. How, then, do we trust an electronic signature when we can't witness the signature being applied to the PDF?
There are several mechanisms to establish and maintain trust in the context of Adobe PDF workflows. In this article, we'll look at the ad hoc signature workflow. In order to for a signature workflow to work, we need two elements: signatures and Identities. In this workflow, all of the parties create electronic signatures and Identities with Acrobat, and all of the parties must exchange Identities in advance of using the signatures.
Digital Identities
In Acrobat X, signatures depend on digital identities, so we must start with creating an identity. When you have a document open, you can click on the Tools panel and then choose Sign & Certify>More Sign & Certify>Security Settings… At any time, you can find these controls under Edit>Protection>Security Settings…
Note: Click on these or any of the following images to view them full size.
You create a Digital Identity in the Security Settings Panel. A Digital Identity is a file that contains information specific to you, such as your name, email address, and company contact information. In addition, it contains half of a key that can be used to decrypt content that you have encrypted. This is important, because the person with whom you are sharing a signed PDF needs this key in order to be able to decrypt your signature and verify that you are who you say you are. Without this key, we don't have trust in the workflow, so the key is how we establish this trust.
Let's make a Digital Signature. In the Digital Signatures panel, click the Add ID button and then choose A new digital ID I want to create now and then click Next.
Now, you need to enter your personal information, select an encryption strength, and also make a choice about how you'll be using this ID. In this example, I have entered my personal information, chosen my region, and have chosen 2048-bit RSA encryption. The default is 1024-bit RSA for backwards compatibility, but in this age of WikiLeaks and other data security compromises, I'll opt for more modern protection. I've also chosen to use this digital ID for Digital Signatures and for Data Encryption. This is the default setting, but you can choose to use this ID exclusively for either Digital Signatures or Data Encryption.
A note about Unicode Support: if you need to use this signature in a region that uses Unicode characters, such as many parts of the Middle East and Asia, then you will want to enable Unicode support here as well. Enabling Unicode Support will expose another set of fields that allow you to enter Unicode data in addition to the Western characters.
Having made your choices, click Next.
Now, choose your password. This is a tricky business, since once you create the signature, you will need to know this password in order to use it. Ah, yes, in order to use it, you need to know its key to entry. This protects you from anyone else using the signature to impersonate you. To this end, choose a strong password. Acrobat X provides a thermometer that lets you know how strong your password is, or how hard it would be to guess. It bases this strength on a number of factors, including use of upper and lower case, use of special characters, apparent randomness of the string, and length of the string.
When you're done, click Finish to complete the ID creation process, then close the Security Settings panel.
Establishing trust
Now that we have an ID, we can share it with people with whom we want to exchange signed documents. In a paper workflow, we can compare an ink signature against a government-issued ID, such as a passport or a driver's license. In an electronic signature workflow, we exchange Digital IDs in advance of exchanging signed documents. This establishes the trust between the participants and allows Acrobat to verify the signatures on documents as having come from trusted sources.
There are several ways to exchange Digital IDs in Acrobat X, and I'll focus on the two easiest ways to do it.
Let's pause a moment to consider what's being shared when you export an ID. An ID is an encrypted token that contains your personal information. The encryption scheme depends on two very large prime numbers. When you encrypt a signature (or any electronic content), the encryption routines use the key in your ID to do the encryption. Under this scheme, if someone has one of your two prime numbers, known as a public key, they can use it to decode your encrypted content. Sharing the public part of your ID is critical to establishing trust, because it enables the person with whom you are exchanging signatures to read the encrypted information in your signature.
Having that out of the way, let's go back to the workflow. From the Security Settings panel, choose the ID you want to share and then click the Export button.
Here you'll have to decide whether you want to email the ID to someone or save it somewhere on your computer. If you choose to email, then Acrobat will compose an email containing instructions as to how to import the ID. It will also include the ID as an attachment to the email. If you choose to save to a file, then Acrobat will save the ID as a file to the location of your choice. You will then be able to send it to whomever needs it without having to return to Acrobat. Make a choice, and click Next.
In either case, Acrobat exports the ID as an FDF file. The recipient just needs to double click on the FDF file to install in either Reader or Acrobat.
You can also request that someone send you their ID. In Acrobat X, click on Sign & Certify>More Sign & Certify>Manage Trusted Identities and then choose Request Contact…
Enter your name, email address and phone number. Enable the Include my Certificates option, and choose Email request. Then, click Next…
In the following screen, select the ID you want to send and click Next. Then, enter the email address of the person with whom you want to exchange IDs. Click Send for Acrobat to compose the email and send it with your computer's email program.
Making your digital mark
Now that we have created an ID and established trust, it is time to sign a document.
Open the PDF you want to sign. This PDF could be a PDF with a special form field for signatures or it could be a document with no signature field. If you have permission to sign the document, then you will be able to apply an electronic signature. The Sign & Certify panel has several options in it, including Sign Document and Place Signature. There is a subtle difference between these options: if the document is an electronic form and there is an existing signature field, then Sign Document will put the signature into the signature field. If there is no signature field on the document, then it behaves the same as Place Signature. Place Signature asks you to draw a box on the PDF where you'd like the signature to be.
Note: There is also an option called Apply Ink Signature, but that makes an annotation that looks like you signed the document with a pen. It is not an electronic signature like we've been discussing up to now and should not be used in an electronic signature workflow unless both parties agree that the annotation-type signature is acceptable as a signature. I want to take advantage of the work we've put in up to now, so we'll be talking about Signing and Placing a Signatures.
I'll assume that you are signing a document that does not have a signature field. Choose Sign & Certify>Place Signature. Acrobat will ask you to draw a box where you want the signature to go. Once you release the mouse from drawing the box, you'll be able to determine which ID to use and also how the signature looks.
Choose the ID you want to use from the Sign As drop-down menu. Choose the ID that you used when you established trust earlier and enter the password for that ID.
You have options as to how the signature will appear on the document. By default, Acrobat includes your name and some of your personal information from the certificate. It is common to add a photo or scan of an ink signature to an electronic signature. To change the appearance, click on the Appearance menu and choose Create New Appearance…
Enter a name for the new appearance and configure the graphic option. You can have no name, choose to show your name, or choose the Imported graphic option and then browse to an image file. You can select just about any image file type that Acrobat can convert to PDF and have it appear in the signature. In this example, I chose a jpeg. You can also enable or disable different fields from the certificate. Make your choices and click OK.
When you have set all of your options, then you can click the Sign button to sign the document. You must save the signed PDF immediately. You may want to establish a naming convention for your signed documents, such as original_filename_SIGNED.pdf for signed PDFs. Having saved the PDF, you are done.
Note: If you are the last person in the workflow who needs to sign a document, then you may want to lock the document after you sign it. You can enable that option before you apply the signature.
Once signed, you can validate signatures in the Signature panel. This panel appears in any PDF that has a signature applied. You can also hover your mouse over a signature, and the tooltip will tell you whether the signature is valid. You can also click on a signature to check its validity.
There are times when you would want to remove a signature from a document. If you are the signer, then you can right-click on the signature and choose Clear Signature from the contextual menu.
Extending signature workflows to Reader users
You can include Reader users in your signature workflow by saving your PDF as a Reader Extended PDF. From the File menu, choose Save As>Reader Extended PDF>Enable Additional Features… A notice will appear letting you know what features will be enabled for Reader. Click Save Now to save the Reader Extended PDF. Give the Reader Extended PDF a name like original_name_Reader_Extended.pdf.
Once you create a Digital ID, then you can establish trust with someone else and exchange signed documents with them. Remember that you'll need to establish trust by exchanging IDs with the other person in order to validate signatures.


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Nightwork Restrictions
Posting Provisions
The hours that minors can work depend on age, the type of work, and whether the minor is attending school. New York State has one of the strictest child labor laws in the country. The law limits the number of hours that minors under 18 may work when school is in session. To work between 10 PM and midnight on a day before a school day, 16- and 17-year olds need written permission from a parent or guardian and a certificate of satisfactory academic standing from their school.
Minors of any age may not work during school hours, unless they have graduated or withdrawn from school.Home-schooled children may not work during the hours of the local public school.
During weeks when school is in session, minors 14- and 15-years-old are limited to the following hours in most occupations:
The law makes exceptions for:
Students enrolled in an approved Cooperative Education Program may work up to 6 hours the day before a school day, as long as the hours are part of the program. Include any hours worked in such program when figuring out hours worked for the 4 hour maximum.
When school is not in session, and during vacations (school must close for the entire calendar week):
(See Permitted Working Hours Chart)
Federal legislation limits the work of 14 and 15 year-olds in firms engaged in interstate commerce to:
In school cafeterias, a minor with an employment certificate may work during the lunch period at the school he or she attends.
12 and 13 year-olds who have farm work permits to pick berries, fruits, or vegetables may not work:
If a minor works in two or more places in the same day or week, then the total time of work may not exceed the daily or weekly maximum.
The law prohibits minors from working before or after certain hours, depending on their age and job.
Minors under 16 may not work:
Newspaper carriers may not work between 7 p.m. (or 30 minutes prior to sunset, whichever is later) and 5 a.m.
Minors engaged in street trades may not work between 7 p.m. and 6 a.m.
Minors 16 and 17 years old may not work between midnight and 6 a.m. when school is not in session. To work between 10 p.m. and midnight on a day before a school day, 16- and 17-year olds need written permission from a parent or guardian and a certificate of satisfactory academic standing from their school.
Employers can get Parental Consent Forms from the Division of Labor Standards office in your area. The school issues the Certificate of Satisfactory Academic Standing.
(See Permitted Working Hours Chart).
The employer must make a schedule for all minors and post it where workers can see it. The schedule shows the hours minors start and end work and time allotted for meals.
The employer can change the hours of work, as long as they post the changes on the schedule. Minors may work only on the days and at the times posted on the schedule. If minors are present at other times or if there is no posted schedule, it is a violation of the child labor law.
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Courtesy Alyssa Loring
New England Patriots' running back Stevan Ridley and tight end Rob Gronkowski visited Brittany Loring on Monday in her hospital room and signed a jersey for her. Loring suffered multiple injuries in last week's bombing at the Boston Marathon.
BOSTON – Nine days after the Boston Marathon bombings killed three people and injured more than 260 others, at least one survivor is on the long road to recovery.
Brittany Loring, who was celebrating her 29th birthday last Monday when the bombs went off, suffered serious damage to her left leg in the twin explosions allegedly carried out by brothers Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev – who lived less than a mile from Loring and her fiancé, John McLoughlin, in Cambridge, Mass.
Wounds reveal part of the damage: She was left with small pellet-sized wounds across her body, some red, others black. But she also suffered a cracked skull, a concussion, and had to endure three "cleaning" surgeries to help prevent infection from her shrapnel wounds, said McLoughlin.
In the immediate aftermath of the attacks, it wasn't clear if she would be able to walk again. But that changed Tuesday.
There are growing questions as to whether or not U.S. intelligence officials have done more when investigating Tamerlan Tsarnaev prior to the Boston bombing. Â Russia had asked the FBI to find information about him, then later asked the CIA. Both times, the U.S. said nothing had been found, but his name ended up in the master terrorism database. NBC's Pete Williams reports.
"She's starting to walk on her crutches, still in a lot of pain, and on heavy medication," her dad, Dan Loring, a 53-year-old real estate agent, said late Tuesday. "She's looking good. She actually wore clothes today and did her hair."
McLoughlin has been keeping a constant vigil at Brittany's bedside, taking leave from his work as a loan officer to focus on her recovery and spend time in what he quips is their "little hotel room."
"She's half the team, so I've got to be here," he said Wednesday. The couple plan to wed in September. "Her spirits are good," he said. "She's still up and down, but overall she's better."
Boston Medical Center said Wednesday her condition was fair. It's not clear yet when Brittany will leave the hospital, but when she does, she will need physical and mental health therapies, he said.
"She wakes up in the middle of the night. She has nightmares," McLoughlin said. He believes they are all related to the bombings, but he hasn't asked for details. "We wake up a couple of times a night. She's startled, and I try to get her back to bed."
Her family hasn't been speaking to her about the bombings and what happened at the finish line of the marathon.
David Friedman / NBC News
John McCloughlin (left) and Dan Loring talk about the injuries sustained by Brittany Loring in the Boston Marathon bombings. McCloughlin is engaged to Brittany and Loring is her father.
"We're not bringing that in at this point," said Loring, of Lancaster, Mass. "We're trying to build up her stamina – you know she had three surgeries in six days and ... the heavy medication. So trying to get her to eat, think positive thoughts."
"We have told her she's safe but that's it," McLoughlin said. "We don't think it's good for her recovery" to talk about it.
Besides getting back on her feet again, Brittany recently had other good news: Boston College has said she will graduate this spring with a joint degree in business and law, waiving her final exams and some last assignments.
"She's very strong. She'll move on. This will be a blip in the past," McLoughlin said. "I hope a year from now we're all good."
This story was originally published on Wed Apr 24, 2013 6:44 PM EDT


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This report analyzes the Global Cardiac Surgical Devices market size (production, value, capacity and consumption) in key regions like North America, Europe, Asia Pacific (China, Japan) and other regions.
This study report categorizes the worldwide Cardiac Surgical Devices breakdown data by leading manufacturers, key region, product type and application, also researches the market share, market status, growth rate, future trends, market drivers, opportunities and challenges, risks and entry barriers, distributors, sales channels and Porter's Five Forces Analysis.
To Get Free Sample Copy of Report, Click Here: http://marketinsights.biz/15143/#Request-Sample
Global Cardiac Surgical Devices market size expected to reach xx Million USD by 2025, from xx Million USD in 2017, at a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2018-2025). In this study report, 2017 has been considered as the base year, 2018 as the Estimated Year, (2013-2017) as the History Year and 2018 to 2025 as the forecast period to estimate the market size for Cardiac Surgical Devices.
This analysis report mainly focuses on the top manufacturers Cardiac Surgical Devices production, value, price, capacity, and market share of Cardiac Surgical Devices in the global market. The following manufacturers are covered in this report:
EdwardsLifeScience, Medtronic, GetingeGroup, Atrion, AbbottLaboratories, Sorin, TerumoMedical, BostonScientific, CookMedical, Angiodynamics, C.R.Bard, TrinityBiotech, Abiomed, CardinalHealth, MedWavesIncorporated, Transmedics
For Any Customization, Do Inquiry Here Before Purchasing Report: http://marketinsights.biz/15143/#Buying-Inquiry
Cardiac Surgical Devices Breakdown Data by Type
BeatingHeartSurgerySystems, CardiopulmonaryBypassEquipment, CardiacAblationDevices, PerfusionDisposables,
Cardiac Surgical Devices Breakdown Data by Application
CongenitalHeartDefects, CardiacArrhythmia, CoronaryHeartDisease, CongestiveHeartFailure, OtherApplications
Cardiac Surgical Devices Production Breakdown Data by Region
United States
Other Regions
Cardiac Surgical Devices Consumption Breakdown Data by Region
North America (United States, Canada, Mexico)
Asia-Pacific (India, China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, and Thailand)
Central & South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Rest of South America)
Europe (Italy, UK, France, Russia, Germany, and Rest of Europe)
Middle East & Africa (GCC Countries, Turkey, Egypt, South Africa, Rest of the Middle East & Africa)
The report offers the following study objectives:
To research and analyze the worldwide Cardiac Surgical Devices production, value, capacity, consumption, market status and forecast.
To focuses mainly on the global major Cardiac Surgical Devices manufacturers and study the production, value, capacity, market share and development plans in the next few years.
To describe, analyze and define the market competition landscape, SWOT analysis.
To characterize, describe and forecast the market by type, application and key region.
To study the worldwide and key regions market advantage and potential, challenge and opportunity, risks and restraints.
To recognize important trends and factors driving or inhibiting the market development.
To inspect the opportunities in the market for stakeholders by recognizing the high growth segments.
To strategically investigate each sub-market regarding individual growth trend and their contribution to the market.
To break down competitive advancements such as agreements, new product launches, expansions, and acquisitions in the market.
To deliberately profile the key players and extensively examines their growth strategies.
Table of Contents :
Global Cardiac Surgical Devices Sales Market Report 2018 Mainly Covers Following Chapters:
1. Cardiac Surgical Devices Overview(Product Overview, Scope and Classification of Cardiac Surgical Devices), Type and Application of Cardiac Surgical Devices, Cardiac Surgical Devices Market by Regions;
2. Global Cardiac Surgical Devices Competition by Manufacturers, Type, and Application with (Sales and Market Share, Revenue and Share, Volume and Value) by Manufacturers, by Type, by Regions and by Application;
3. United States Cardiac Surgical Devices (Volume, Value and Sales Price, Revenue and Growth Rate) by Manufacturers, Type, Application (2011-2018);
4. China Cardiac Surgical Devices (Volume, Value and Sales Price, Revenue and Growth Rate) by Manufacturers, Type, Application (2011-2018);
5. Europe Cardiac Surgical Devices (Volume, Value and Sales Price, Revenue and Growth Rate) by Manufacturers, Type, Application (2011-2018);
6. Japan Cardiac Surgical Devices (Volume, Value and Sales Price, Revenue and Growth Rate) by Manufacturers, Type, Application (2011-2018);
7. Global Cardiac Surgical Devices Manufacturers Analysis(Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors, Product Type, Application and Specification), Cardiac Surgical Devices Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2018), Main Business/Business Overview;
8. Cardiac Surgical Devices Manufacturing Cost Analysis, Key Raw Materials Analysis(Key Raw Materials, Price Trend of Key Raw Materials, Key Suppliers of Raw Materials, Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials), Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure(Labour Cost, Raw Materials, Manufacturing Process Analysis of Cardiac Surgical Devices);
9. Industrial Chain Analysis, Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers;
10. Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders with Marketing Channel(Direct Marketing, Indirect Marketing, Marketing Channel Development Trend), Market Positioning(Pricing Strategy, Brand Strategy, Target Client), Distributors/Traders List;
11. Market Effect Factors Analysis (Technology Progress/Risk, Substitutes Threat, Technology Progress in Related Industry), Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change, Economic/Political Environmental Change;
12. Global Cardiac Surgical Devices Market Sales, Revenue Forecast (2018-2021) by Regions, by Type, by Application;
13. Appendix, Disclosure Section, Research Methodology, Data Source, Disclaimer.
Read Full TOC of Report with Charts, Figures, Tables Here: http://marketinsights.biz/15143/#Table-Of-Content
Thanks for reading this report; With the given information, We can also provide customization for Global Cardiac Surgical Devices Market according to the company's specific needs.
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text:
Anthony Gene Carey. Parties, Slavery, and the Union in Antebellum Georgia. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1997. xxii + 339 pp. $60.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-8203-1898-1.
Reviewed by William L. Barney (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
Published on H-Pol (December, 1997)
Parties Reviewed
This is a work that specialists in the political history of the Old South will enjoy. They will find, in the author's words, "a comprehensive, analytical narrative on party politics in antebellum Georgia" (p. xix) from the formative period of a two-party system of Democrats and Whigs in the crisis over nullification to the final sectional crisis of 1860-61 that took Georgia out of the Union. With the exceptions of chapter one, a brief overview of antebellum Georgia's social and economic development, and chapter five, an analytical treatment of key themes in party politics and governance, the text proceeds in a straight-line narrative heavily keyed to the workings of state politics.
Carey's relentlessly political focus does result in the fullest account to date of party developments in Georgia in the three decades preceding the Civil War. He is far more thorough than Phillips [1] in describing how Georgia politics actually functioned and more sensitive than DeBats [2] to the ideological dynamic that shaped the world view of Georgia whites. Most convincingly, he shows how the tensions between Georgia's parties and their respective northern wings in national party organizations provide a structured key for viewing the unfolding of Georgia politics.
For Carey, Georgia's parties were fundamentally similar in their dual commitment to the liberties of white men and the preservation of slavery, the core values of state politics. Rhetoric aside, the parties in his view did not differ significantly on economic issues. What did differentiate them was a function of their success in convincing their followers that their party alone could protect Southern rights and freedoms. This is turn was accomplished by demonizing the other party's northern wing, particularly on issues relating to slavery. Blending the insights of Cooper [3] and Holt [4], Carey argues: "By declaring that they were different from their northern allies, and that only the opposition displayed a hideous national uniformity, state leaders both redefined issues to preserve strength at home and reinforced a national political framework in which each party reflexively opposed the other" (p. 63).
Party competition rooted in a dialectic of demonization carried the seeds of its own destruction. The Whigs collapsed first as a national organization when the antislavery sentiments of Northern Whigs placed the Whigs of the Lower South in an untenable position by the early 1850s. The Democrats followed in 1860 when cotton state Democrats persued a strategy of rule or ruin on the slavery issue. A politics of caricature and hyperbole that constantly fueled white fears over losing their liberties to threatening northerners reached its logical conclusion in Georgia during the secession crisis. As portrayed by Carey, three decades of partisan strife produced a virtually inevitable show of white unity over the cause of secession.
Surely, Carey's correct in arguing that "preserving slavery mattered most" (p. 250) in Georgia politics and, by extension, in the Lower South. And his emphasis upon the destructive consequences for national unity of party rhetoric aimed at trumping the opposition in posing as the defender of Southern rights highlights a central dynamic of Southern political discourse throughout the antebellum period. Nonetheness, his narrow political and ideological focus glosses over any serious engagement with the issue of the extent to which evolving social and economic conditions within Georgia might have impacted state politics and support for secession. Unlike Thornton for Alabama [5] or Ford for South Carolina [6], he fails to consider how a Southern version of a modernization process usually associated exclusively with the North might have fed white anxieties over growing dependence and a loss of republican independence. He is too quick to dismiss in a footnote Crawford's argument [7] that rises in farm tenancy, declines in soil fertility and the production of core food items, and an accelerated pace of economic development geared to new corporate interests in railroads and manufacturing all combined in the 1850s to convince many white Georgians that their liberties and family-based autonomy were under attack. Lincoln's election, in this analysis, served as the lightening rod that galvanized rural white anxieties into a bid for political independence from the North.
Carey refreshingly debunks many of the sweeping generalizations offered to explain partisan affiliations, especially those based on overly deterministic economic models. Yet, in concluding that "men chose their parties based on family influences, county traditions, charismatic leaders, economic interests, religious views, and countless other factors," he leaves us with no discernable guidelines to understand why the Georgia electorate deviated as it did. To point out that "levels of slave population did not vary consistently with levels of support for immediate secession" (p. 244) is statistically valid, but it blurs the larger truth that a direct economic stake in slavery, unless checked by a conservative Whiggish temperament, was the driving force behind secession. And finally, it is difficult to reconcile Carey's depiction of secession as an expression of white unity with the heated debates in Milledgeville and the marked refusal of the secessionists to submit the ordinance of secession to a popular vote.
In summary, this is a well-crafted political narrative based upon extensive research in manuscripts and newspapers. However, its analysis would have carried greater weight had it probed more deeply into the links between politics and the competition among white Georgians for economic and social power.
[1]. Ulrich B. Phillips, Georgia and State Rights (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1902).
[2]. Donald A. DeBats, Elites and Masses: Political Structure, Communication, and Behavior in Ante-Bellum Georgia (New York: Garland Press, 1990).
[3]. William J. Cooper, Jr., The South and the Politics of Slavery, 1828-1856 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1978).
[4]. Michael F. Holt, The Political Crisis of the 1850s (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1978).
[5]. J. Mills Thornton, Politics and Power in a Slave Society: Alabama, 1800-1860 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1978).
[6]. Lacy K. Ford, Jr., Origins of Southern Radicalism: The South Carolina Upcountry, 1800-1860 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988).
[7]. George B. Crawford, "Preface to Revolution: Agriculture, Society and Crisis in Georgia, 1840-1860," (Ph.D. diss., Claremont Graduate School, 1988).
Copyright (c) 1997 by H-Net, all rights reserved. This work may be copied for non-profit educational use if proper credit is given to the author and the list. For other permission, please contact email@example.com.
If there is additional discussion of this review, you may access it through the network, at: https://networks.h-net.org/h-pol.
William L. Barney. Review of Carey, Anthony Gene, Parties, Slavery, and the Union in Antebellum Georgia.
H-Pol, H-Net Reviews.
December, 1997.
URL: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=1538
Copyright © 1997 by H-Net, all rights reserved. H-Net permits the redistribution and reprinting of this work for nonprofit, educational purposes, with full and accurate attribution to the author, web location, date of publication, originating list, and H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online. For any other proposed use, contact the Reviews editorial staff at email@example.com.


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Ryan on hand as Twins stand up to cancer in opener
MINNEAPOLIS -- After taking part in home openers for the White Sox and Indians already this season during their first road trip, the Twins were finally able to host their own home opener on Monday against the A's.
Twins manager Ron Gardenhire said he was excited to be back at Target Field after starting the year on a six-game, seven-day road trip.
"It was nice to get here to the ballpark and walk into the clubhouse, the whole package," Gardenhire said. "We've been gone a long time, so it's nice."
During the game, the Twins and A's wore Stand Up To Cancer patches as a show of support for general manager Terry Ryan and all those impacted by cancer. In addition, both teams wore special SU2C caps during batting practice.
Ryan, 60, was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma in early February, and he had surgery to remove a cancerous mass from his neck on Feb. 11. He's currently undergoing radiation treatment until late April, but he was at the park on Monday and plans to attend home games this month at Target Field.
At the end of the second inning, the fans also joined players from both teams to "Stand Up To Cancer." Placards were distributed to fans as they entered Target Field, and fans were encouraged to personalize their placard with the name of someone they know who has been affected by cancer.
Before the game, Twins legends were also on hand at their respective gates, with Bert Blyleven representing fellow Hall of Famer Harmon Killebrew at Gate 3, Tony Oliva at Gate 6, Kent Hrbek at Gate 15, Tom Kelly representing Rod Carew at Gate 29 and a Twins official representing Kirby Puckett at Gate 34.
There were also several on-field performances, as Home Free, a local a cappella group that won Season 5 of NBC's "The Sing-Off" performed, and the national anthem was performed by local singer Thomasina Petrus. The ceremonial first pitch was thrown out by Minneapolis-based actor Barkhad Abdi, who was nominated for an Oscar for his role in the film "Captain Phillips."


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text: Hi folks, I'm thinking of getting the Tom Tom sea app for iPhone for my next tour around northern Thailand and was just wondering if anyone has used it, and if so what your opinions where. Is it accurate and reliable etc. And also, from what i understand you shouldn't need any extra connection, wi-fi or 3g, (yes, i'm new at this.. ) to use it, correct? Any input is highly appreciated.


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The RFID reader comes together with a control panel. The control panel configures the behaviour of the reader.
- Standard interface with WEBFLEET.connect, e.g. driver login messages is fed into WEBFLEET.
- Digital switch to activate external devices like buzzer, immobilizer, and door locks. The digital switch is activated by a valid RFID tag.
- Identification of driver, co-drivers, and passengers.
- White list, a list of valid RFID tags can be downloaded into the device via the control panel.
- Internal buzzer and LED indicator.
- Optional interface for an external antenna.
- RS232, Wiegand interface for connecting external tag readers.
- In-vehicle local operation
- OpenERP integration for advanced time management.
Deep Orange develops and implements solutions and products for the logistics industry. Examples of custom applications, mobile APPs and Cloud solutions for planning, reporting, workflow, fiscal backup, navigation and management are listed at our company website.


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Categories: Constitutional Law
Instructor(s) Coan, Andrew
This course will focus on the major institutions created by the American Constitution—Congress, the Presidency, the federal courts, and the states—and their role in constitutional theory and practice. At its heart, every constitutional case involves a choice between two or more of these institutions. It is therefore crucial for judges and lawyers to understand the strengths and limitations of each and the complex interactions among them. To that end, this course will equip students with a comprehensive framework for understanding, predicting, and comparing institutional performance. It will then apply that framework to areas of constitutional law ranging from the Commerce Power to the Nondelegation Doctrine to the Takings and Equal Protection Clauses. Grades will be based on class participation and nine weekly response papers.


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Have any questions? TELL US
The Romulus High School staff believes all students can learn. Our mission is for all students to become lifelong learners with the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in an ever-changing global society. We will nurture and challenge all students to reach their full potential in a safe and orderly environment.
Romulus High School graduates model integrity, are goal-oriented, value education, and have the skills to be prepared in our ever-changing society. Eagles Prevail. Invest. Empower. Achieve
We believe... Learners who are respectful, responsible and resourceful embody the Romulus Way. Family support and involvement is essential for academic success. All stakeholders have a responsibility to ensure that students reach their full potential. Everyone is entitled to participate and learn in a safe and accepting environment. Student achievement is maximized when skills and knowledge are applied to and connected with real world situations. Technology, resources and skills are essential for student success in this global society. Schools must provide an atmosphere of curiosity and a challenging curriculum aligned with state and national standards taught by highly qualified teachers.


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UNC researcher honored by American Physiological Society
Susan J. Henning, Ph.D., professor of medicine and cellular and molecular physiology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, has been honored with an award by the American Physiological Society.
The society's gastrointestinal and liver physiology section has selected Henning as the 2009 Horace W. Davenport Distinguished Lecturer, described as the most prestigious award given by the section. Announcing the honor, the society cited Henning's contribution to the advancement of knowledge in gastrointestinal physiology. Lecturers present take part in the society's annual Experimental Biology meeting. Henning is the first non-member of the society to receive the honor.
Originally from Australia, Henning did her postdoctoral training at Stanford University and held faculty positions at Temple University, the University of Houston and the Baylor College of Medicine before moving to UNC in August 2007, where she is also associate director of the office of medical student research.
Her research has spanned diverse aspects of gastrointestinal physiology and is currently focused on isolating and characterizing intestinal stem cells and exploring their potential uses in regenerating damaged intestine.
Note: Henning can be reached at (919) 843-4969 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
School of Medicine contact: Tom Hughes, (919) 966-6047, firstname.lastname@example.com
News Services contact: Patric Lane, (919) 962-8596, firstname.lastname@example.com
Original article here.


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- Home
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President and Executive Director serve as Ex Officio on all committees.
Tom Ervin, Chair
Donna Budynas
Chad Heinzel
Thomas Vaughn
Charge: The Awards Committee shall identify suitable candidates for recognition, as determined by NESTA Constitution, By-Laws, and Procedure Manual. The Committee shall bring these candidates' nominations to the NESTA Board in a timely fashion, and provide advice for appropriate public honor.
Past President: Missy Holzer, Chair
President-Elect: John Moore
Treasurer: Howard Dimmick
Merchandise Coordinator: Howard Dimmick
Share-a-Thon Coordinator: Carla McAuliffe
Rock & Mineral Raffle Coordinator: Parker Pennington IV
Volunteer Coordinator: Joe Monaco
Charge: The Conference Committee shall cooperate with the President, Executive Director, and selected others to coordinate NESTA participation in NSTA National and Area Conferences on Science Education, and other meetings when appropriate.
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Ron Fabich, Chair
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Charge: The Affiliates Committee shall seek out State Earth Science Teachers interested in developing formal arrangements with NESTA, then help them to develop relationships with NESTA to enhance the suite of services they can provide.
Russell Kphrs
Wendy Van Norden
The Committee will arrange for NESTA field trips at NSTA National Conferencs and other venues, as can be arranged.
Treasurer: Howard Dimmick, Chair
Parker Pennington IV
Marlene DiMarco
Jay Sinclair
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Charge: The Finance Committee shall maintain an accurate record of NESTA's financial status, and advise the Executive Committee and Board in development and modification of the annual Budget.
Membership Coordinator: Lisa Alter, Chair
Wendy Van Norden
Ron Fabich
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Charge: The Membership Committee shall keep accurate record of current members, stimulate efforts to attract new members, encourage renewal, and attempt to bring back lapsed members.
President-Elect: John Moore, Chair
Donna Budynas
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Peter Dorofy
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Charge: The Nominations and Elections Committee shall be appointed by the President to prepare and present a slate of nominees to the membership by mail and/or electronic means prior to the date when officers are to be elected. Any member in good standing may submit nominations to the committee. The Committee shall also conduct the election in accordance with established guidelines.
Parker Pennington IV, chair
Howard Dimmick
Tom Ervin
Missy Holzer
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Charge: To update the Procedures Manual to reflect current operating procedures of NESTA.
Representatives from Website, Conference, Publications, Awards, Membership, Finance, and Public Information
Missy Holzer
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Charge: The Professional Development Committee shall coordinate with other Committees and the Executive Board plans to provide opportunities for enhancing knowledge and experience of NESTA members through field trips, short courses, Earth and Space Science Days, and other venues.
Linda Knight
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Charge: The Publications Committee shall provide oversight for all print and electronic publications of this organization.
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Charge: The Volunteers Committee coordinates NESTA members who provide time at NSTA national and area conferences, and in other venues.
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Charge: The Web Site Committee shall work together with the President, Executive Director, and selected other members to develop and update the NESTA website, and make suggestions for its improvement to serve our Mission.


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This week, I'm afraid that I'm going to be tagging a lot of my titles with LOVE LFW, in protest of the immovable dates shift on part of Milan and Paris fashion weeks which currently means September 2012's LFW will be entirely eclipsed by Milan. I say "afraid" because I know the combination of CAPS lock and the word 'LOVE' can possibly make one think of tedious Twitter messages that go "OMGZZZZZZ, MEGA-LOLZZZZZZ love you xxxxxx". Still, I'm making a less-than-subtle point with my caps lock key and I'm doing it with the limited abandon of a blog geek.
There was of course a lot to love about LFW. So much so that people couldn't stop harping on about it for days after. From London onwards to Milan and Paris, there were so many murmurs and coos of "London eh – that was GOOD wasn't it?" with a tone of surprise as though it hadn't been 'good' in the past few seasons. What I think the general consensus was that there was a lot of growing up done this season – fine-tuning, maturing, precise articulation – whatever way you want to put it, every level of designer made their own leaps and bounds. The newbies that were there came into their own. The not-so-new-newbies matured. The established set excelled. That's a lot of pompous talk for someone like me, who has always waved the flag for London Fashion Week. I'm just the messenger though. These sentiments were echoed by many industry folk and hopefully this will resonate in their decision of coverage/attendance come September 2012, should the current dates still stand.
I keep saying that Craig Lawrence is making leaps each season but I thought there was a pinnacle reached this time round that REALLY made an impact. When Lawrence first talked of Martin Parr as an inspiration for S/S 12, I was thinking there'd be something vividly tacky about the collection…. a splodge of candy pink, bright lobster red and a smear of vivid deckchair blue perhaps. There was none of that and instead, the collection took the route of delicate nostalgia-tinted hues that are can be traced back to the seaside with all the possible nacre tones that you can see bouncing off a shell. Lawrence, is of course not alone this season in diving into the sea. Rather than ganging up with the rest of his fashion week peers though, I see this as a continuation from his S/S 11 mermaids-inspired collection, which is precisely why I imagine these S/S 12 pieces drifting along a very English beach – the sort where the sand and skies are grey and the wind really pounds your face – which makes this particular sea-based collection stand apart from the other more tropical deep sea dives as seen at Givenchy, Chanel, McQueen etc.
The subtlety of the glistening shades of peach, rose-gold, pale gold and cream are best seen in Morgan O'Donovan's backstage pics as my catwalk ones make everything seem brashly gold when in reality, the shades of kyototex yarn are really quite delicate. Even the hot-fix crystals and crystal yarns which are woven into the pieces give a slight bit of a shimmer rather than full on bling-attack. Where the theme of the seaside becomes more literal is in the use of Alcantara, a suede-like material, which Lawrence used to cut a filigree openwork pattern recalling surfaces of starfish or sea anemones. The headpieces are of course for show effect but in the leggings that are then layered under the kyototex yarn skirts, it becomes quite a stunning textural effect as per the norm in Lawrence's collections which are rife with innovative knitwear and textiles work. The difference here is that you can begin to separate things out – jumpers, skirts, leggings, bras, skirts – all the components that are recognisable on their own and not just a mass of yarn. The layering possibilities become mind-boggling when you consider the sheer quality of each piece (that's sheer as in see-through by the by, although superior quality is of course a given with Lawrence's collection too…).
I took some up-close shots in the showroom just to illustrate the subtle use of pastel yarns knitted with cream and gold so that you get very pale washes of green, blue and lilac without having a full on pastel onslaught. This multi-dimensional slant shows another stroke of breadth on Lawrence's part. I can bang on and on about how beautiful the presentation was (once again narrated with ensemble descriptions) but ultimately, I'd just love to see Lawrence recognised as a serious innovative knitwear designer alongside say, the stretch knits of Mark Fast or Sandra Backlund's sculptural feats. Lawrence has it in the bag as far as I'm concerned but it's time to convince the rest of the world of the same.
All amazing backstage photography that is colour balanced to perfection by Morgan O'Donovan… DUH!


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Reversible dementias
Some conditions can cause dementia or dementia-like symptoms.
With the right course of treatment, these types of dementia can be controlled and possibly cured. That's why it is important to get a diagnosis as early as possible.
Common causes of reversible dementias:
- Depression
- Medication (side effects, drug interactions, drug overdose
- Alcohol abuse
- Drug abuse
- Dietary, vitamin and mineral deficiencies (A, C, B-12 and folate)
- Traumas (due to falls, concussions or contusions to the head)
- Hormonal dysfunction (thyroid problems)
- Metabolic disorders (dehydration, kidney failure, COPD)
- Infections
- Heart disease
- Brain disease (tumours)
- Environmental toxins
Please see your doctor if you are concerned about memory loss or any other symptoms of these conditions.
Last Updated: 08/26/2018


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Basement Waterproofing and Foundation Repair Southern Maryland
Affordable Basement Waterproofing and Foundation Repair Southern Maryland Calvert, St Mary's,Charles County
410-255-9035 -Southern Maryland is composed of the counties on the Western Shore of the Chesapeake Bay including Calvert County MD. Charles County MD. and St. Mary's counties.
Map – Southern Maryland County
You Can Trust To Do The Job Right! When your basement starts leaking, you know you have a problem and you need help immediately! We understand your situation, and we've created Basement Waterproofing Services to help you solve your problem fast and get back to what's important in your life.
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We can keep the water out and completely remove those musty odors, no matter if it's concrete or a dirt floor. Turn a wet basement into a dry & healthy basement!
Contact us today at (800) 773-8373 to discuss your unique needs and we'll give you a complimentary, no obligation quotation for your basement waterproofing, home foundation repairs, and/or crawl space needs.
Crawl Space Waterproofing
Crawl Space Drainage Systems
Maryland Waterproofing also waterproofs and repairs crawl spaces. With crawl spaces being tight and damp by nature it's important to control and limit moisture & humidity from a building.
Increased levels of humidity and moisture in a crawl space can damage insulation, support beams, and can eventually support mold and mildew growth.
Maryland Waterproofing can inspect your crawl space, spot key indicators, and help design a plan to get the crawl space into the condition that you want
Dry crawl spaces have fewer bugs, less moisture, and fewer problems. Our crawl space encapsulation and repair methods are closed and secure and can help to make your home more energy efficient. Floods and standing water can cause problems, even in crawl spaces.
Foundation & Structural Repair
When groundwater saturation occurs in the freeze-thaw periods of winter, the ground expands, creating tremendous pressure on below ground portions of the foundation walls. This stress eventually fractures the wall.
According to the Home Inspection Census, more than 50% of all basement foundation walls have a good chance of cracking or bowing in the winters to come!
Bowed and cracked basement walls can be very serious signs of structural damage to the foundation. Traditional methods of addressing these issues include using wall anchors systems, steel I-beams, tiebacks, piering, and excavation.
Bowing and Cracking in new and old foundations
Usually, bows, cracks, bulges, and buckling basement and foundation walls happen most frequently in more established structures. However, newer constructed buildings are not immune to quickly developing settling concerns. As soil settles outside the foundation walls at different rates, it expands and contracts with seasonal freezing and thawing processes because of hydrostatic pressure in the water table.
When to call for a Foundation Repair
There are several warning signs that should prompt a call to a professional for an inspection besides a bowed or cracked basement wall. The sooner a repair is made, the lower the repair expense is, and often carbon fiber reinforced polymer materials (CFRP), or other foundation wall crack repair methods of ours, can be used as opposed to more expensive and extensive methods, including excavation. The most common warning signs include:
Cracked Block Foundation – Indicates lateral pressure on the walls. Serious movement is evidenced in stair step and horizontal cracks in mortar joints.
Cracks in Poured Concrete – Typically occurs within 30 days of the concrete curing process. Usually, a very simple repair, however, in combination with other signs could be a more serious sign of settlement.
Cracks in Brick Facing – Cracks can be a symptom of foundation movement. Refrain from cosmetic repairs until a professional foundation repair specialist determines the cause to minimize future expenditures and hassles.
Chimney Cracking or Leaning – Often, chimneys are built on independent footers. Therefore, cracking and leaning usually indicate movement in this particular footer. A more severe problem would be foundation movement disturbing this independent footer. A professional can determine the extent of the concern.
Drywall Cracks – Shifts in the foundation often cause other cosmetic damage inside the building. Drywall cracks around windows, door frames, and in corners are common symptoms of significant foundation movement.
Uneven Doors and Windows – Another typical indication of foundation shifting. Shifting could cause the framework to contort out of square, leading to windows and doors sticking or not opening and closing properly.
Sinking Foundation – Perhaps the most serious sign of settlement. The foundation sinks because it is separating from the building structure. This must be taken care of as soon as possible or may lead to wall collapse.


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First of all, there is this very informative thread here from omlech, a mass info thread that should answer most of your questions... check it out!
For some of you that might be a bit much to read, so here's a nice article from a fansite which compares GW2 to Aion:
Guild Wars 2 does it different
1.) Quests
The original GW already had such 'dynamic events' which were triggered when the player came within a specific distance from the NPC that offered them. Rift has them as well, in a bigger scale too, since its world is not instanced as GW's. However, Guild Wars 2 has them in such an extent and degree that has never existed in a game before. The first reviews and impressions indicate that it's done quite a good job with them too!2.) Repeatable quests & ActivitiesThe reason behind this misbehavior is that Guild Wars 2 does not have a Quest Log! I know, this sounds utterly dumb and incredible. Truth is... it does not need one. Let me explain. ...
... Guild Wars 2 does not break away from this rule: it (will) include 'repeatable quests', however neither their purpose nor their essence is going to be about grind. In the contrary, their rewards will be either titles, or skins, or dyes, or other kinds of cosmetic ones – things which do not make one player better than another by improving their stats or gear. ...3.) Dungeons & Loot... Repeatable quests do exist in GW2, true, but the game does not 'force' you to do them. Having the ability to choose is the defining factor here. ...
4.) Holy Trinity... Dungeons in Guild Wars 2 are like everything else in the game: fun. This involves and implies the factor 'rewarding'. If you take the trouble and spend your time, you shall be rewarded for it. All the party members will get something for their effort – and not something useless but an item fitting to their class and character. Every time. Invariably. Do not forget the rule we mentioned above though: rewards are of aesthetic nature, proofs & trophies to show to all that you are the masters of this dungeon. ...
5.) Traits System & Money Sinks... However, as soon as we learn to play as members of a group, reacting to each situation in a way that complements and enhances the action of our comrades… As soon as each one of us learns to play right their triple role… As soon as we realize that GW2 is a new and different MMO than those we're used to playing, we will love it as we've loved the original one. ...
6.) Death Penalty vs. Armor Durability
7.) Mentoring vs. Side-kick... each time you get killed, a piece of your armor gets damaged. When every piece of your armor is damaged, your next death is going to break a random one of them and you'll have to travel back to town in order to get it repaired… by paying a small sum of gold...
8.) WvWvW vs. Siege... The difference of Guild Wars 2 on this part is that, as the side-kick system not just allows but also exhorts the players to return to low level areas (by doing the same quests with our low level friends and rewarding grouping with them), the available content is basically growing larger day after day: new content is added every 5 levels approximately while all the previous one remains available and contributory! This is pure magic...
9.) Queues vs. Server Overflow mechanic... about sPvP: All participating players are 'automatically' raised to level 80 (cap) and equipped with PvP gear. What does "automatically" mean? That as soon as we travel to the Mists – imagine them as the preparation grounds before entering some PvP game – we become leveled to 80: all our skills and traits are unlocked and in our disposal to create the build we feel most satisfied with. There is no cost to re-spec, so experimentation is greatly encouraged leading eventually to deciding which build(s) best suit us, so we can plan our PvE development accordingly. Additionally, special NPCs offer all the required equipment to us, FOR FREE, so we can dress up with the gear of our liking: armor, weapons, enchantments (runes, etc), anything we can imagine and desire is within our grasp. For free!
One of ArenaNet's innovations, which caused quite a wave of enthused reactions when it was announced, was the overflow servers. What is that exactly? It is the company's answer to the problem of waiting queues. Or, in any case, it aspires to be. When some player tries to connect to the game and the server of choice is full at that point, the game asks them if they wish to be placed to one of the overflow servers until a spot is available on the server proper. For as long the player resides in that 'parallel universe', they have access to the exact same PvE content they'd have in their own world, progress the same - in their quests as well as in their personal story, or in anything else they decide to play through.I cut out the "almost properly" he mentions after that quote, because grouping with friends worked well in BWE2.From what we've seen so far (after 2 BWEs) from this system, some initial conclusions have been drawn. First of all, it works! Instead of sitting there in front of your monitor, idle and irritated, counting down from ten thousand something, you get in the game right away and play properly.
10.) Alternate reality vs. Game World – the 'Extended Experience'
11.) End Content & Epilogue
Why not run one of the "smaller" dungeons, such as the Ascalonian Catacombs? Excuse me, what was that? They're not for my level? Well, if you did say that (did you, really?) you need to read again about the sidekick system of GW2. And, thus, keep in mind that even in lower level instances and areas I will still enjoy the challenge and the loot that match my level.
for the ones of you who need more information, check out Anets blogposts and the GW2 homepage. Furthermore there are some very old threads from myself too.
Maarius Infothreads
Dynamic Events Overview
Personal Story Overview
Eric Flannum Answers More of Your Dynamic Event Questions
Colin Johanson Answers Your Dynamic Event Questions