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- "It's only natural that a Sumo should become the World's Strongest!"
- —E. Honda
- "Dosukoi! (どすこい!?)"
- —E. Honda (Street Fighter IV series)
- "The main event! Yoissho! (大一番にごわす!よいしょーお! Ō ichiban ni gowasu! Yoisho!?)"
- —E. Honda (Street Fighter V series)
Edmond Honda (江戸主水本田 Edomondo Honda?), more commonly known as E. Honda, is a video game character from the Street Fighter series, first appearing in Street Fighter II. He is an honorable champion Sumo wrestler that values tradition.
E. Honda was designed by Eri "Erichan" Nakamura[7] and Akira Yasuda. He was initially named "Sumo". As his initial name implies, Honda is meant to have above average strength, but below average speed. The developers intended for the character to be popular in Japan, but to also make Japanese fighting styles appeal to foreigners.[8] Honda's shikona for sumo is mentioned as "Fujinoyama."[9]
Edmond Honda is an obese yet very muscular Japanese man, seemingly in his late 30s to early 40s. While not having the same height as T. Hawk, Sagat or Zangief, Honda is notably tall, despite not looking so due to his fighting stance with flexed knees and hunchback. He has black hair in a chonmage hairstyle and wears only a white and light blue mawashi with a striking red fundoshi underneath (the later is rarely seen). His face is painted in the kumadori style of red makeup used in kabuki. As a sumo wrestler he always fights barefoot, though many artworks depict him wearing a pair of geta (traditional Japanese wooden sandals with two "elevated" clogs). His primary appearance is his "Nostalgia" costume in Street Fighter V.
In Street Fighter V, Edmond wears a traditional mawashi worn by sumos in sumo wrestling; the color of his mawashi is sky blue. It's loincloth has a white mountain design along with white clouds at the center with a gold trim at the edge, and he wears single footwraps on his right feet and armwraps on his left arm.
His story costume is a semi-casual attire; a white formal suit jacket with a purple and gold designed button-up shirt underneath, white formal pants and black dress shoes.
His battle costume is a traditional outfit worn by ronins; a light blue traditional vest with designs and a dark blue traditional kimono shirt underneath, blue traditional pants and a geta sandals. He also equips with a katana strapped at the left side.
E. Honda is an honorable and friendly man who warmly welcomes people he sees as good; he is also ambitious in regards to displaying the strength of sumo to the world, and to that end he always gives his all during his training and fighting regimens. He also enjoys hot steaming baths between training sessions, his favorite spot being Kapukon Yu.
Despite his apparent lack of agility and portrayals in other media as clumsy or silly, Honda is a very powerful sumo grand master. He takes both his sumo art and his "Ōzeki" title very seriously, considering it a sacred martial art just like any other; Honda often throws a handful of salt in front of him before he begins to fight, in reference to the real-life sumo ritual, often performed as a means of purification (specifically called "shubatsu").
In Street Fighter V E. Honda appears to be strict as the owner of his own sento (bathhouse) but was also being mild-mannered by giving advice on proper manners to his guests.
Hakan and E. Honda are very close friends. Though their beliefs in their own respective fighting styles make them more like rivals than friends, they are still on good terms with each other. Hakan is also one of the few people in the series to state E. Honda's first name (in his rival cutscene, he calls him "his old friend, Mr. Honda", as well as "Edmond").
Sodom attempted to recruit Honda for his new Mad Gear by defeating him in a match, but failed and was defeated, he did earn Honda's respect though.
In his Street Fighter II back story, E. Honda is mentioned to have began his training as a child, singularly focused on becoming the greatest sumo wrestler of all time. He would eventually achieve the highly-revered titled of "Ōzeki" (in the English localization, he was incorrectly stated as having achieved the title Yokozuna, though his recent appearance states that he's generally considered good enough for that title, but only held back by some of his rather outlandish techniques).
Street Fighter Alpha 2
E. Honda appears here as more of a cameo - though a significant one - in Sodom's storyline and a bit to his own in the next game. Sodom, obsessed with both Japanese culture and trying to revive Mad Gear, attempts to recruit sumo wrestlers, citing them as strong warriors. To achieve this he enters a sumo wrestling competition and faces Fuji-no-miya, who is revealed to be Edmond Honda. Agreeing to join Mad Gear if Sodom wins, Honda gives the match a go and defeats Sodom, though he is impressed by his effort nevertheless, according to their dialogue in Alpha 3.
Street Fighter Alpha 3
His storyline in this game serves more of a prologue to his appearance in Street Fighter II, with him traveling the world looking for strong opponents and to show the strength of sumo wrestling. Along the way, he meets Ryu and has a sparring match with him, and tells Sakura later on where she can find him. About this time, he fights Sodom again in a friendly match as well. His wanderings lead him to Shadaloo's base, where he meets Zangief, and while the actual extent of which is unknown, the two are confirmed to have worked together to help destroy the base. In the aftermath, he took in a few of Bison's Dolls to give them somewhere to stay until they could regain their memories (which ones in particular is never exactly certain, due to Capcom reusing sprites in his ending for the girls).
Street Fighter II
E. Honda became upset that the rest of the world did not view sumo wrestling with the reverence of the Japanese. He entered into the second World Warrior tournament, intent on showing everyone that sumo wrestlers rank among the greatest fighters in the world. Beyond this, he yearns also to improve and prove his own strength, as well as to earn the title of Yokuzuna.
His involvement with the second tournament is also part of him investigating the Shadaloo organization in response to sumo wrestlers taking biochemical drugs, and learning of their involvement after capturing some of the dealers. His face painting and dual-nationality name assisted him to an extent with remaining covert during this. This aspect of his character was conceived well before Street Fighter Alpha 3 and his storyline there.
After the tournament and the fall of Shadaloo, Honda returned to Japan where he continued engaging in sumo wrestling and continuing to run his bath house and training his disciples.
Super Street Fighter IV
Honda is not back in Japan for long - he soon joins another international fighting tournament. However his goals have apparently not changed much at all, as he is once again fighting to prove the strength of sumo to the world. During the tournament, he meets up with his old comrade Hakan, but loses his match against him. They later agree to meet again in Japan, but Honda warns him not to expect him to lose. He also encounters El Fuerte, and helps the aspiring chef by telling him about Japanese food.
After the tournament he exclaims "Look out, Olympics, here I come!". However, while on a plane, he comes to the conclusion that in order to get sumo into the Olympics, he will have to join the IOC (International Olympic Committee) himself.[10][11]
Street Fighter V series
During the events of the game, E. Honda is in a gourmet trip with Hakan and is searching for new disciples.[5][12]
Having been originally leaked on July 2019,[13] E. Honda, along with Final Fight characters Lucia and Poison, was confirmed as a playable fighter in Street Fighter V: Arcade Edition.
In his character story, he attempts to teach some of the guests (specifcallyyLaura, Rashid and Ryu) in his bathhouse the proper manners to do after taking a bath. As many female guests appear on his bathhouse (particularly, Menat, Juri, R. Mika and Ibuki), Honda decides to make it into a perfect business.
Other story appearances
In Alex's character story, holograms of E. Honda and Hakan appear as opponents that attack together.
E. Honda also appears in Ibuki's character story when she remembers all the good people she met.
Crossover appearances
Capcom vs. SNK series
Honda's appearance in the Capcom vs. SNK games is token at best, continuing his Street Fighter II storyline of proving to the world the strength of sumo. Given that it mentions his disciples in his ending, his story is mostly unchanged from Street Fighter II.
Japan Sumo Cup: Yokozuna vs. Street Fighter
E. Honda was an unlockable playable character.
Cameo appearances
E. Honda makes a cameo in Capcom Fighting Evolution, at the Japanese Street stage, in which he stands on the sidewalk cheering on the fighters.
In the Disney 2012 film Wreck-It Ralph, he had a cameo as one of the portraits in Tappers'.
E. Honda appears as one of the Spirits in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
Animations and Movies
1994 Live-Action Film
In the 1994 motion picture based on the Street Fighter franchise, the role of Honda is played by Peter "Navy" Tuiasosopo. Honda is portrayed as a close associate of Chun-Li, serving as her news crew technician and aiding her on her quest to avenge her father's death alongside Balrog. Like Balrog, he has a personal grudge against Shadaloo, who ruined his reputation as a sumo (though no details on how are given). In the film's climax he battles Zangief, smashing through Bison's base.
While Honda is pure Japanese in the games, he is portrayed in the film as an American of Japanese ethnicity and a native to Hawaii, just as most Japanese Americans are in real-life. His personality is rather laid back compared to his video game counterpart, and is shown to have a near immunity to pain when one of Bison's goons attempts to torture him, something he attributes to his discipline in sumo when Balrog asks about it. He does seem to enjoy fighting when he gets a chance to with Zangief, despite the degree of damage that it causes.
This version of Honda appeared in both the arcade and console games based off the film. In his arcade ending, it states that he returned to the world of professional sumo and regained the title of yokuzuna. The console game took this and expanded upon it, stating that he and Zangief had formed a friendship and had practice matches, with Honda only having one win over Zangief. The outcomes of said matches however seem to be just as calamitous as their original bout, resulting in the destruction of five sumo dojos.
1994 Animated Movie
Honda appeared as one of the more prominent characters to appear in the second half of the anime, unlike a majority of the characters that were not heavily involved in the backstory of the game. He is voiced by Daisuke Gōri in the Japanese version, and Richard Epcar in the English dub. His personality is relatively unchanged from that in the games, however his goal is shown to be to fight for cash compared to his in-game goal of proving the strength of sumo to the world. Several aspects of his character appearance here saw usage in the Street Fighter Alpha series much like many other characters, but moreso in the Capcom vs. SNK games, where outright nods (such as his run animation being a direct copy of his attempt to charge into Bison) were included in the game.
He's first seen wrestling with Dhalsim in Calcutta to win prize money. Dhalsim manages to slip away from his grip however, and attempts to mentally subdue Honda. Ryu's presence however distracts Dhalsim enough for Honda to regain control of the match and win due to forfeit. Honda catches up with Ryu, recognizing he helped him win and the fact Ryu is a fellow Japanese fighter, offering him half the prize money (which the latter refuses) as well as a place to stay for a while.
Guile and Bison find Ryu eventually however. While Ryu tries to deal with a brainwashed Ken, Honda charges forward to take on Bison, only for him to teleport out of his path and Ken to send him stumbling forward, straight into Balrog. He and Balrog end up fighting, eventually with both of them falling off a nearby cliff. However Honda seems to recover quickly enough, seen lugging both the unconscious Balrog and Guile back just as Ryu and Ken defeat Bison.
Street Fighter II: Yomigaeru Fujiwara-kyō
Comics and Manga
Street Fighter Gaiden
E. Honda appears in the Street Fighter Gaiden manga by Mami Itou in Ken's chapter. He is shown to have a student named Keiko Yanase (梁瀬恵子 Yanase Keiko?).
Fighting style
Honda's fighting style, as mentioned above, is based on sumo wrestling, although several of his techniques are either entirely unique additions to his basic sumo training or would be outright prohibited in a formal sumo match, as noted by Dan Hibiki, Rufus and Gouken (who are the only three to bother pointing this out). This undercuts his stated goal of promoting sumo wrestling, though Honda himself seems to be oblivious to his (presumably unintentional) hypocrisy.
In his first appearance in the original Street Fighter II, he has two special attacks, the Hundred Hand Slap and the "Super Zutsuki" (commonly referred to as the Flying Headbutt). In Hyper Fighting, Honda gains a third special attack, the Flying Sumo Smash, as well as the ability to move while performing his Hundred Hand Slap. In Super Street Fighter II Turbo, Honda gained a fourth special move, the Smashing Oak Tree Throw.
Honda's overall style revolves around baiting jumps and surprising opponents with sudden attacks; he can also use the Hundred Hand Slap as a keepaway or pinning option. Like Guile, Honda has a solid mix of offense and defense, but lacks agility as his moves are rather slow and difficult to execute, and many are unsafe on block. Despite being able to rush his opponent, he is vulnerable to counterattacks from various projectiles, and his attacks can be avoided with a proper jump.
In Street Fighter V, Honda retains his moves from his previous appearances and gains new ones. His V-Skill is called Neko Damashi and is a heavy-handed clap that can negate single-hit projectiles and cancel into his special moves. His first V-Trigger is called Onigawara where he gains access to Oni-Daikaku, a powered-up version of Flying Headbutt that has armor on start-up and can guard-crush at full power. His second V-Trigger is the Tajikarao where his Hundred Hand Slap deals higher damage, and he gains a command grab called Iwato Biraki that will slam the opponent into the nearest wall.
Super/Ultra Combos
In Super Street Fighter II Turbo, Honda gained the Super Killer Head Ram (also known as the Oni-Mu-Sou), a powered-up version of his Flying Headbutt. In Street Fighter Alpha 3, Honda gains two additional Super Combos, the Fuji Drop and the Orochi Crush. In Street Fighter IV, he gains a new Ultra Combo called the Ultimate Killer Head Ram, in which he does a Sumo Headbutt with so much force that he pushes the enemy to the other end of the stage. After the enemy is cornered at the other end of the stage, Honda uses his Hundred Hand Slap many times until he does one final slap against them causes them to crumple. His second Ultra Combo is the Orochi Breaker which is a more powerful version of the Oicho Throw as Honda's Sumo Slash deals heavy damage upon impact with full of shockwave. In Street Fighter V, his Critical Art is the Kamigashima which is similar to the Ultimate Killer Head Ram. The only difference when Honda was slapping both of his hands in a traditional manner and viciously hits his opponent's chest with Hundred Hand Slap many times as the last slap heavily knocks the opponent's face.
Pop Culture
- E. Honda is the only one of the original "World Warriors" (the term refering to the default roster in Street Fighter II: The World Warrior) not to appear as a playable character in the EX series.
- Honda is also the only one of the eight World Warriors to not appear in Street Fighter X Tekken.
- In fact, Honda has the fewest crossover appearances of the original World Warriors.
- Honda was also the last original World Warrior to join the cast of Street Fighter V, a fact that was touched upon in his reveal trailer for that game.
- In Street Fighter X Tekken, Jack-X has a Swap Costume that is based on E. Honda's design.
- He is one of two people in the iPod Touch version of Street Fighter IV, the other person being Sakura, to use their second Ultra Combo instead of the other characters, who have their first one.
- In UDON's Street Fighter comics series, all of E. Honda's speech is rendered in red text which, against the white speech bubbles, is evocative of the Japanese flag. The idea is to show E. Honda as a fervent patriot, the same idea behind Zangief's contrasting yellow text on red bubbles resembling the colors of the Soviet flag.
- Also, in the aforementioned comics, Zangief nicknames Honda Blue Tsunami, parallel to his own Red Cyclone moniker.
- As said above, in the live-action movie, he is from Hawaii instead of Japan. This still works in his case as the Japanese population in Hawaii is the second-largest ethnic group of people in Hawaii.
- The Street Fighter IV series is one of the very few games (or perhaps the only one at all) in which Honda's crouching heavy punch does not have sweeping (i.e. crouching heavy kick) properties.
- E. Honda also has the most sweeping attacks of the Street Fighter II cast.
- Images of E. Honda were barred from display at a 1993 Street Fighter II Turbo tournament held at the Ryōgoku Kokugikan because, according to a report in Electronic Gaming Monthly, "his painted face was (ironically) considered a sacrilege to the Japanese national sport."[14]
- E. Honda's story costume resembles one of Ganryu's customizations in Tekken Tag Tournament 2.
- E. Honda's battle costume resembles Ryoma's outfit in Capcom's Power Stone.
Stage Themes
See also
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 http://www.capcom.co.jp/sf4/honda.html
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Street Fighter: World Warrior Encyclopedia Hardcover
- ↑ Street Fighter II SNES manual, p.18
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Capcom 30th Anniversary Character Encyclopedia
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Street Fighter V Character Encyclopedia: Edmond Honda
- ↑ http://streetfighter.wikia.com/wiki/File:SF2T-10-ShadalooKen.png
- ↑ https://game.capcom.com/cfn/sfv/column/132595
- ↑ cite manual |author=Capcom Sound Team Alph Lyla |title=Capcom-004: Street Fighter II Complete File |publisher=Capcom |date=1992-11-15 |type=CD/booklet |section=Making of Street Fighter II |page=3
- ↑ ALL ABOUT カプコン対戦格闘ゲーム 1987-2000 (All About Capcom Head-To-Head Fighting Game 1987-2000)
- ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLE9CV8JuCk
- ↑ E. Honda
- ↑ Street Fighter V: A Visionary Book
- ↑ https://steamcommunity.com/app/310950/discussions/0/1639792569843033220/
- ↑ cite news|title=International News|work=Electronic Gaming Monthly|issue=51|publisher=EGM Media, LLC|date=October 1993|page=74
|Street Fighter II Characters
|The World Warrior
|Blanka · Chun-Li · Dhalsim · E. Honda · Guile · Ken · Ryu · Zangief
|Champion Edition
|Balrog · M. Bison · Sagat · Vega
|Cammy · Dee Jay · Fei Long · T. Hawk
|Evil Ryu · Shin Akuma · Violent Ken
|Street Fighter: The Movie Characters
|Core Roster
| Akuma · Balrog · Cammy · Chun-Li · E. Honda · Guile · Ken
M. Bison · Ryu · Sagat · Sawada · Vega · Zangief
|Arcade Only
|Arkane · Blade · F7 · Khyber
|Console Only
|Blanka · Dee Jay
|CPU Only
|Super Bison
|Street Fighter Alpha Characters
| Adon · Akuma · Birdie · Charlie · Chun-Li · Dan · Guy
Ken · M. Bison · Rose · Ryu · Sagat · Sodom
|Alpha 2
|Dhalsim · Evil Ryu · Gen · Rolento · Sakura · Zangief
|Shin Akuma
|Alpha 3
|Balrog · Blanka · Cody · E. Honda · Juli · Juni · Karin · R. Mika · Vega
|Dee Jay · Fei Long · Guile · T. Hawk
|Eagle · Maki · Yun
|SNK vs. Capcom Characters
|The Match of the Millennium
| Akuma · Chun-Li · Dan · Evil Ryu · Guile
Ken · M. Bison · Ryu · Sakura · Zangief
|Millennium Fight 2000
|Balrog · Blanka · Cammy · Dhalsim · E. Honda · Sagat · Vega
|Mark of the Millennium 2001
|Eagle · Kyosuke · Maki · Rolento · Shin Akuma · Yun
|SVC Chaos
|Hugo · Violent Ken
|Street Fighter IV Characters
| Abel · Akuma · Balrog · Blanka · Chun-Li · C. Viper · Dhalsim · E. Honda
El Fuerte · Guile · Ken · M. Bison · Rufus · Ryu · Sagat · Vega · Zangief
|Cammy · Dan · Fei Long · Gen · Gouken · Rose · Seth · Sakura
|Adon · Cody · Dee Jay · Dudley · Guy · Hakan · Ibuki · Juri · Makoto · T. Hawk
|Arcade Edition
|Evil Ryu · Oni · Yang · Yun
|Decapre · Elena · Hugo · Poison · Rolento
|Street Fighter V Characters
| Birdie · Cammy · Chun-Li · Dhalsim · F.A.N.G · Karin · Ken · Laura
M. Bison · Nash · Necalli · R. Mika · Rashid · Ryu · Vega · Zangief
|Season 1
|Alex · Balrog · Guile · Ibuki · Juri · Urien
|Season 2
|Abigail · Akuma · Ed · Kolin · Menat · Zeku
|Season 3
|Blanka · Cody · Falke · G · Sagat · Sakura
|Season 4
|Kage · E. Honda · Lucia · Poison · Gill · Seth
|Season 5
|Akira · Dan · Oro · Rose
|CPU Only
| AS · Aprile · Decapre · Enero · Février · Juli · März · Peter
Phantom Bison · Santamu · Satsuki · Shadow · Shadow Lady · Two P


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Bicyclist airlifted after hitting vehicle on Pilot Mountain
Officials identify bicyclist as Jeffrey Walter Hooks
A bicyclist was airlifted to the hospital after colliding with another vehicle at Pilot Mountain State Park Friday afternoon.
The incident was reported around 4:15 p.m. at 1792 Pilot Mountain Park Road.
Officials identified the bicyclist as 51-year-old Jeffrey Walter Hooks of Rural Hall.
Hooks was in critical condition at the time he was airlifted to a trauma center and eventually Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, said John Shelton with Surry County EMS.
Hooks was going downhill when he hit a vehicle going up the mountain, Shelton said. He lost control of the bike and ended up under the vehicle, Shelton said.
Park rangers are still investigating the collision.
Nicole Ducouer said she saw several cyclists on the mountain as she and Lanie Pope were finishing a charity hike.

subset: commoncrawl


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VANCOUVER, BC - Vancouver Whitecaps FC U-23 (3W-3L-0D) look to get back in the win column this coming weekend with two United Soccer Leagues (USL) Premier Development League (PDL) matches in Washington state.
The 'Caps will first face North Sound SeaWolves (0W-3L-1D) this Friday with kickoff set for 7:30 p.m. PT at Edmonds Woodway High School.
The following night, Vancouver will continue their five-game road trip at Gordon Park Field against Kitsap Pumas (0W-3L-1D), with that match scheduled to start at 7 p.m. PT.
Last weekend, Vancouver split their two matches. This past Friday night, the 'Caps defeated Victoria Higlanders FC in an eight-goal thriller, 5-3. Niall Cousens grabbed two goals in the victory, while Gagandeep Dosanjh, Aminu Abdallah and Harry Lakhan each had one to secure the three points. Vancouver's victory prevented Victoria from celebrating the Juan de Fuca plate in front of their home crowd.
On Sunday afternoon, the 'Caps were held scoreless against Sounders FC U-23 despite controlling much of the second half, including a hard-struck free kick from Sasa Plavsic in the dying moments of the game that came off the cross bar. The Sounders went on to win the match 1-0 off of a header from Luis Esteves.
Despite already having earned wins against both North Sound and Kitsap this season, head coach Stuart Neely will not take his opposition lightly as every point is crucial in the tightly contested Northwest division.
"We want to come out of the weekend on a positive note, they're two good teams that are always decent finishers," said Neely. "We're getting to that stage where we're limited in games we can control, so it's important we control our own destiny in each of these games. It's nothing to be overconfident about, we've got to go into these games with every intention of winning."
Whitecaps FC U-23 have already seen the SeaWolves once this season, earning an impressive 5-1 win at home back on May 26.
North Sound are still searching for their first win of the season. However, the SeaWolves have played better than their record indicates; most notably earning a tie in Victoria, who are second in the division with 10 points.
The 'Caps have also seen the Pumas once this season so far, earning a 2-1 win in their season opener at hom on May 10.
Kitsap have had a steady season in the PDL so far. The 2011 PDL champions are coming off a goalless draw versus the division-leading Portland Timbers U-23.
Their lone win of the season so far was a 1-0 triumph over Washington Crossfire FC.
The 'Caps hold an all-time record of 3W-4L-1D against the SeaWolves, and a record of 2W-4L-2D against the Pumas.
Following this weekend Whitecaps FC next travel back across the border for a road match with Washington Crossfire on Wednesday, June 12 at 7 p.m. PT. Afterwards, Vancouver won't have to wait long to avenge their loss to Seattle Sounders FC U-23, as they play host to their MLS-affiliated rivals at UBC's Thunderbird Stadium on June 21 at 7 p.m. PT.


text:
The Gauss map is defined on $(0,1)$ by the formula $$ f(x)=\frac1x-\Big\lfloor\frac1x\Big\rfloor $$ Then the density $$ \rho(x)=\frac{1}{\log2(1+x)} $$ is $f$-invariant.
It appeared in Gauss' diary. Gauss didn't indicate the way he had found the density. Checking invariance is straightforward.
Is there a simple (short) way to come up with this density function?


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A new study indicates that male DNA, left over from pregnancy with a male fetus, can persist in a woman's brain throughout the rest of her life. Although the exact biological impact of the DNA is yet unclear, the study found that women with more male DNA in their brains were less likely to suffer from Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that male DNA could help protect mothers from this disease.
Read more @ SciTechDaily


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Tarsus and around
TARSUS, the birthplace of St Paul and the city where Cleopatra met Mark Antony and turned him into a "strumpet's fool", lies about 30km east of Mersin, across the factory-dotted cotton fields of the Çukurova. St Paul was born as Saul in Tarsus about 46 years after the meeting between Cleopatra and Antony. He returned after his conversion on the road to Damascus, fleeing persecution in Palestine. Proud of his roots, he is described as having told the Roman commandant of Jerusalem "I am a Jew, a Tarsian from Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city."
Nowadays, the Antik Şehir or "old city" has been exposed by excavations, but although there remains a good section of black-basalt main street and some underground stoas and temples, only a few reminders of the town's illustrious past survive.
East of Alanya
The Mediterranean coast and the Hatay
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Daniel Goss Spracklin was a son of Daniel D. and Sarah Spracklin. He was born 21 September, 1870 in Benton Co., Iowa. He died 8 August, 1927 in Calhoun Co., Iowa and is buried in the Cedar Township Cemetery in Calhoun County.
Daniel's mother Sarah was a member of the Methodist Protestant Church circuit that covered the churches of Deep River, Bethel, Mt. Zion, Spring Dale, and Keswick in Iowa and Poweshiek County. Sarah was listed as a member and Daniel G. Spracklin's baptism was listed on page 186. Source: FHL#1003429 Item 3.
Daniel married on 29 January, 1907 to Susan Matilda Marrow. She was born 23 August, 1869 in What Cheer, Keokuk Co., Iowa and died on 19 December, 1909 in Enid, Garfield, Oklahoma. Susan's parents were John Marrow and Rebecca Kinder.
Source: Iowa Marriages, 1809-1992, Family Search, Daniel Goss Spracklin born 1871 in Benton, Iowa, age 36, to Susan Morrow Lash born 1870 in Mahaska County age 37. Marriage took place on 29 January 1907 in Sigourney, Keokuk, Iowa. Daniel's father was Daniel Dare Spracklin and his mother was Sarah Blacketer. The bride's father was John Morrow and her mother was Jane Kinder. Daniel was single and the bride was widowed. Source: Marriage Records for Mahaska Co., Iowa, FHL#1005844, pg. 77
Susan had been married before to a Robert Louis Lash on 16 November, 1890 in Mahaska Co., Iowa ( Source: Marriage Records 1844 to 1939 Mahaska Co., Iowa FHL#985383). Robert was born 10 July, 1869 in What Cheer and he died 23 August, 1899. Find A Grave has a tombstone photo and memorial to Robert with links to several children. He is buried in the Indianapolis Cemetery in Rose Hill, Mahaska County, Iowa.
Susan and Robert Nash had the following children:
1. Jessie Orvil Lash born 31 March, 1892 in What Cheer, Keokuk Co., Iowa and he died 16 April 1969 near Deep River, in Poweshiek Co., Iowa. Jessie is buried in the Goldenrod Cemetery in Deep River, Poweshiek co., Iowa. Find A Grave has a tombstone photo and memorial to him.
2. Bessie Jane Lash was born 28 March 1894 in What Cheer and died 27 June 1912.
3. Fred Nesburt Lash was born 22 April 1898 in What Cheer and he died 17 January 1930 in California. He is buried in the Oakdale Citizens Cemetery in Oakdale, Stanislaus Co., California. Find A Grave has a picture of his tombstone and a memorial with links at the website.
4. John Charles Lash was born 24 March 1900 in What Cheer and died the 17th of December 1940 in Hot Springs, South Dakota. He may have married several times and had several children.
In the 1900 U.S. Federal Census, Susan appears with her children living in Pleasant Grove, Mahaska, Iowa as a widow. She has Jesse, Bessie, Fred and John with her. She is still there in 1895 per the Iowa State Census.
Going back to 1880 we find Daniel Goss Spracklin in the U.S. Federal Census living with his parents Daniel and Sarah and his siblings. He 10 years old.
In 1885 Daniel is listed under the name Dalia and he is 14 years old. In the 1895 Iowa State census Daniel is 24 years old and he is single. In both 1885 and 1895 he is living with his parents in Dayton Twp., Iowa County, Iowa.
In the 1900 U.S. Federal Census Daniel G. Spracklin has a birth date of September of 1870 in Iowa. He is 27 years old and single. Daniel is with his parents and brother Charles.
Daniel and Susan Morrow Lash one child together.
5. Opal Matilda Spracklin born 29 August, 1908 in Poweshiek Co., Iowa. She died February 1987 in Calhoun Co., Iowa. Opal married a Clarence Harrison Vote on 18 August, 1925 in Gilmore City, Humboldt Co., Iowa.
Clarence was born 8 August, 1888 in Somers, Webster Co., Iowa and died about 15 February, 1976. He was the son of John Martin Vote and Eleanor Amanda Hocket. Clarence had been married before to Lillian Cressinger. She was born 28 March, 1886 and died 10 April, 1920. They had one daughter named Alberta Lillian.
Clarence and Opal appear in the 1930 U.S. Census.
Source: 1930 U.S. Federal Census in Somers Town, Cedar Twp., Calhoun Co., Iowa. Clarence is a truck driver for a dray line. ED 13-6, SD#5, Sht#2A. Enumerated April 3-4, by Lela J. Wright.
Line 32, 38, 40, Vote, Clarence H, Head, 0, $2000, yes, M, W, 41, M, 20, No, Yes, born Iowa, father born PA, mother born Wisconsin, truck driver, dray line, no, 5.
Vote, Opal M., Wife of H, F, W, 21, M, 17, No, yes, born Iowa, parents born Iowa, and all children born Iowa.
Vote, Alberta L, daughter, F, W, 19, S, yes, yes, Iowa
Vote, Bernice A, daughter, F, W, 4 3/2, S, No, Iowa
Vote, Clarence, F, son, M, W, 3 2/12 S, No, Iowa
Vote, John D., son, M,W, 1 3/12 S, No, Iowa
Clarence and Opal are listed in the 1940 U.S. Federal Census living in Somers, Calhoun Co., Iowa,
Source: 1940 U.S. Federal Census living in Somers, Calhoun Co., Iowa, SD#7 ED#13-16, Sht#3A, enumerated 9 April, 1940 by Vesla M. Tripp.
Line 35, 580, 200 yes, Vote, Dick. O. Head, M, W. 51, M, no 6.6. all born in Iowa, all same house, yes, yes, farmer, farming, 52, 0, yes
Vote. Opal, wife, F, W. 31, M, yes, H1, 9
Vote, Alberta, daughter, F, W, 29, S, no. H4, 30
Vote. Bernice, daughter, F. W. 14, S, yes, 8, 8, Egg [Cauller], Creamery
Vote, Clarence, Son, M, W, 13, S, yes, 5, 5
Vote, John, Son, M, W, 11, S, yes, 5, 5,
We find Daniel in the 1910 U.S. Federal Census living in Enid, Garfield County, Oklahoma. He is widowed.
Source: 1910 U.S. Federal Census, Enid Township, Garfield Co., Oklahoma, SD#1, ED#16, Sht #7 A, enumerated on 27 April 1910 by __________.
Line 32, 92, 92, Spracklin, Daniel G., Head, M, W, 39, Wd, all born in Iowa, father born in Ohio, mother born in Indiana, English, farmer, farm
Spracklin, Opal M., daughter, F, W, 2, S, yes, yes.
Lash, Jessie O., step-son, M, W, 18, S
Lash, Bessie J., step-d, F, W, 16, S
Lash, Fred N., step son, M, W, 12, S
Lash, John C., step son, M, W, 10, S
Daniel has migrated back to Iowa by 1915 and is living in Deep River not to far from where his parents farm was located. Daniel was not listed with the Estate Partition deeds for his father's land but he did get his portion of the estate money at the final report in April of 1916.
Source: 1915 Iowa State Daniel G. Spracklin and his daughter Opal appear on the individual cards for that census.
#54? D.G. Spracklin, age 44, Iowa Co., PO Deep River, Dayton Twp., occupation farmer, total earnings in 1914 $200. Common education 10 yrs. Born in Iowa, father born in Ohio and mother born in Indiana.
#55 Opal Spracklin 6 yrs. old, Iowa Co., PO Deep River, Dayton Twp., born in Iowa, father born in Iowa, mother born in Iowa, six years in Iowa.
In 1920 Daniel is in Iowa with a couple by the name of Gray. The relationship of the Gray family, if any, to Daniel is unknown to me. Opal, his daughter, is living with Virda Huston Spracklin in Franklin, Jerauld Co., South Dakota. Virda is Daniel's older brother.
Source: 1920 U.S. Federal Census, Somers Town, Cedar Twp., Calhoun Co., Iowa, Precinct No. 1, SD#10, ED#32, Sht# 7B, enumerated the 19th & 20th of January, 1920, by William A. Thompson.
Line 95, 162, 165, Spracklin Daniel, Head, 0, M, M, W, 49, wd, born Iowa, father born Ohio, mother Indiana, laborer, steam railroad, W, 85.
Gray, Chauncey, Head, M, W, 58, M, born Illinois, father born New York, parents born New York, carpenter, house, W, house, W. Gray, Blanche A, wife, F, W, 54, M, born Wisconsin, father born Ohio, parents born Ohio.
Much to my delight, Daniel and Opal appear in the 1925 Iowa State census together.
Source: 1925 Iowa State Census, Somers, Calhoun Co., Iowa, residence date 1 January 1925. Two pages.
Line 137 Spracklin, Daniel G., Head, m, w, 55, W, 0, F, $500, $300, Born Iowa, Father Spracklin, Daniel D., born Ohio, Mother Sarah Blacketer born Indiana, married in Iowa
Line 138 Spracklin, Opal M., daughter, F, W, 16 S, Father Daniel Spracklin, born Iowa, Mother, Susie M. Morrow, born Iowa, married in Iowa.
Daniel died the 8th of August, 1927 and he is buried in the Cedar Cemetery in Calhoun County, Iowa.
Source: Cedar Township Cemetery, Calhoun County, Iowa, Published by the Iowa Genealogical Society, Des Moines, Iowa, page 13.
Please double check the above information and if anyone knows where Susan or Opal are buried, I would like to know.


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Product Information
A range of 1u, 2u and 3u 19 inch Panels designed to support cables, which are required across the front of a 19inch rack Manufactured in 1.5mm steel with 3mm cable management rings and painted in black powder paint.
All cabinets are shipped in Black, we still offer the two tone grey at no extra cost but it will take 2-3 days to build & ship instead of a next day service.
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Suppose $R$ is a finite ring (commutative ring with $1$) of characteristic $3$ and suppose that for every unit $u \in R\:,\ 1+u\ $ is also a unit or $0$. We need to show that $R$ is a field. Is this true if ${\rm char}(R) > 3$?
Here is what I attempted to do. $\:$ First of all, $\:$ I noticed that the statement is not true if $\ R\ $ is infinite ($ \mathbb F_3[x]$ is an example of an infinite ring which is not a field but it satisfies all the required properties). Now, in a finite ring, a non-zero element is either a unit or a $\:0\:$ divisor, so I tried to show that $R$ has no $\:0\:$ divisors. Clearly, $R$ has no nonzero nilpotent elements (if $x$ is nilpotent, then $1+x$ is a unit, but then $1+(1+x)$ and $1+(2+x)$ is either a unit or $\:0\:.\:$ Hence $x$ is either a unit or $\:0\:,\:$ and since $x$ is nilpotent, it can't be a unit, so we must have $x = 0$). But this does not solve the problem, since $R$ could have elements that are $\:0\:$ divisors but not nilpotent (for example, $\ (1,0)\ $ is a $\:0\:$ divisor in $\ \mathbb Z/3\:\mathbb Z \times \mathbb Z/3\:\mathbb Z\ $ but it is not nilpotent).
Another observation I made is that the set of units, together with $\:0\:$ forms a group under addition, so that $J = R^{*}$, together with $\:0\:$ is a subring of $R$. hence we may view $R$ as a $J$-module (and since $J$ is clearly a field, $R$ is a $J$-vector space).
Another thing I tried is to show that $R$ has no proper nontrivial ideals. Viewing $R$ and $J$ as abelian groups, I noticed that a non-trivial ideal of $R$ can contain at most one element from each coset of $J$ in $R$, because if an ideal contains two distinct elements from the same coset of $J$ in $R$, this ideal would have to contain their difference, hence it'd have to contain a unit, hence it would not be a proper ideal. But again, I don't see how this observation leads to a solution.
As for the last part, I suspect that this statement will remain true if ${\rm char}(R) > 3$. Since $1$ is a unit, it follows that $1,2,3,\ldots$ are all either units or $0$, which can only happen if ${\rm char}(R) = p$, a prime number (and then I suspect that $R$ will have to be a finite field), but again I do not see how to prove (or disprove) this.
By the way, this is not a homework problem. I am studying algebra on my own, and after thinking about it for a few days and making the observations I listed above, I still don't see how to finish the proof. I would appreciate your suggestions. Thank you in advance.


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Keri Meyers is Seattle's leading newborn photographer with a unique and classic style that has greatly impacted the newborn photography industry. She is a mom, wife and entrepreneur running her business from home so that she can be close to her young boys. She has photographed hundreds of newborns from the Greater Seattle area, and photographers from all over the world travel to learn from her in her Duvall, Washington studio…with hopes of gaining the knowledge, tips and strategies that make her one of the most successful and sought-after photographers in her field. As a former elementary teacher with a master's in education, teaching and encouraging others to grow has always been a core part of Keri. She has personally mentored and educated over 200 photographers worldwide over the last two years, and has influenced hundreds of thousands through social media outlets. Sharing her passion for newborn photography and educating others about newborn safety are her highest priorities as she moves forward with her business. This desire to connect and educate led her to create an online community for professional newborn photographers, www.newbornphotography.com.
Keri is a member of PPA and National Association of Child Photographers. In 2010, she was awarded first place in the Newborn Division in the National Association of Child Photographers Image Competition. Keri has also earned first place two years running in her local community as best portrait photographer in King 5's Best of Western Washington Contest in 2010 and 2011.


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I know you can use
command + ` to switch between windows in one program in one space.
But this is only in the one space, if you have other windows from the same App in different spaces ... it won't switch to that space.
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I know you can use
command + ` to switch between windows in one program in one space.
But this is only in the one space, if you have other windows from the same App in different spaces ... it won't switch to that space.
I don't know if there is a direct shortcut for that.
An alternative would be using the application windows exposé, which shows all of a particular application's windows (across all spaces). I think the default keyboard shortcut for this is F10, but you can change it in System Preferences > Mission Control.
(You can also set up a gesture for it if you're using a trackpad.)
There is a shortcut to do this, though it doesn't cycle between windows; it only allows you to choose one. But it will switch to it regardless of which space it's on. It's a convenient way to access App Exposé for any app.
Press Cmd+Tab to open the application switcher. When the application whose window you seek is selected, press 1. You can then select a window by typing its title, or with the arrow keys.
Unfortunately, there's no system default to cycle windows - some apps have this built in, such as Terminal being able to command-N between different open windows (in the order to they were opened), yet Safari with no such behavior.
Apple seems to think that we'd all prefer the eye candy of Expose/Mission Control/etc rather than a standard shortcut system.
I am facing the same issue - I want to switch between windows of the same application (housed in different spaces) using something simple like a keyboard shortcut, rather than messing with the trackpad.
What is interesting is that Microsoft Excel for mac actually does this! You just use the normal shortcut and it'll switch between open windows of excel, regardless of what space their in.
Doesn't work with any other programs (including Word, etc) that I have noticed so far though.


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Flames overcome obstacles, build for MCLA Division I future
June 21, 2013 | Lynchburg, Va.
Over the past three seasons, the Liberty University men's lacrosse team has risen from the ashes, finally defeating the defending champion Elon Phoenix for their first Southeast Lacrosse Conference North West Region regular-season title before winning the SELC Division II tournament and advancing to the Men's Collegiate Lacrosse Association Division II nationals for the first time.
The Flames made it all the way to the MCLA semifinals before falling to St. Thomas (Minn.), 10-9 in overtime. The Tommies went on to win their fifth MCLA DII national title in the past six seasons.
Building a program from the ground up is a process that has required plenty of patience, perseverance, and foresight. Fourth-year coach Kyle McQuillan knows that better than most, though he has succeeded in a remarkably short period of time.
McQuillan played for the Flames from 2004 to 2006, serving as team captain his sophomore and junior years. But he missed his senior year when Liberty disbanded its program in the aftermath of a 2005 spring break road trip crash in Alabama involving both of the team's vans. The accident seriously injured a several players as well as head coach John Westfall and his twin 8-year-old sons.
"It was tough," McQuillan said. "What we went through after the accident were very difficult hurdles."
McQuillan returned to take the coaching reins for the Flames when the team was reinstated in 2010, accepting the challenge to rebuild on the foundation of a program left in limbo for four seasons.
The hardship the Flames endured and obstacles they overcame have fueled McQuillan's desire and determination to see the program grow and thrive.
"I'm more passionate about this team and program and the university than I probably would have been if we hadn't hit those roadblocks," he said. "They put me in a position to go back and take care of some unfinished business."
With little time to recruit after being hired in May, McQuillan had to make the most of the on-campus talent that tried out that first season.
"The biggest hurdle we had was letting people know we had a team," he said. "The recruiting process has been much, much easier now because we're a little more of a proven commodity. What gave us a big leg up going into the third season was the addition of the (Liberty Lacrosse Complex). The fact that we can boast one of the best, if not the best, facilities, not just in the SELC but in the entire MCLA is a great selling point."
As McQuillan and the Flames prepare to transition to MCLA Division I this fall, rather than resting on their accomplishments from this past spring, they are continuing to build the program through offseason conditioning and recruitment trips.
For the second summer in a row, McQuillan will travel to Gettysburg, Pa., for the June 27-30 Gait Cup National Tournament before heading up to the July 1-4 All-Canada Lacrosse Games near Toronto, where he will be joined by senior long-stick midfielder Mike Zumpano, now a graduate assistant for Club Sports.
"There are tournaments like the Gait Cup all over the country, but it is the biggest, most competitive one and one we want to make sure we have a presence at," McQuillan said, noting it will draw 30 to 40 teams from as far away as New York, Florida and Texas and individual players from across the United States.
He is actively recruiting eight players who will be there, including two who have already committed, and will keep an eye out for others. Nate Whyte, an all-American defenseman in South Carolina originally from Canada, attended last year's camp.
"Last year was the first year real recruits started trickling in," McQuillan said. "As we hit another summer recruiting opportunity, we won't go out and recruit kids for the fall. We'll be out there getting recruits in for 2014 and 2015."
As Liberty's hockey teams have, McQuillan seeks to attract the interest of players from his homeland at the All-Canadian Lacrosse Games, which will feature 500-plus athletes who have tried out in their respective provinces.
"The Canada Games will definitely have a little more of a competitive vibe and atmosphere," said McQuillan, who compares them to a football combine. "Coaches from many of the elite NCAA programs will be going up there because it's such an awesome opportunity to go to one spot to recruit the best players from all of Canada."
At Liberty, McQuillan hopes to continue a winning tradition that will extend far into the future.
"One of things that's very cool about this team, and exciting for me, is you can go to a lot of teams that have a well-established history, like Princeton and Johns Hopkins and Virginia, and see their foundation of success," he said. "Though we don't yet have that here, I like the fact that we're in the process of building that, and that we've not become stagnant. We're going to continue to push the boundaries. I feel God is very much at work in this team and at this university."


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ZHITI JSC was established on 14 March 1924 as a company for production of wires, nails and wire products. Its name comes from the first letters of "Iron And Wire Industry" in Bulgarian. Not


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[email protected]
May 18, 2017
Thinking through your landscaping plan might be a little different if you have a dog. You want a space that you love and that is a functional space for your four-legged-friend. You'll want to stay away from surfaces that get too hot, shrubbery that can scratch and small stones or pebbles that can get stuck in paws.
The landscapers at Zaarly have a few more tips for a dog-friendly lawn.
It's important to keep your dog hydrated. You can do this in style by adding a water source in your garden. There are a lot of possibility and a landscaper can help you decide what would work best for your space. You can also do things like add a fountain or freshwater pond.
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WASHINGTON — — President Barack Obama set aside 480 acres on the Eastern Shore on Monday as a national monument to honor Harriet Tubman — a victory for advocates who have long sought to memorialize the abolitionist's role in leading dozens of slaves to freedom.
Relying on a century-old federal law, Obama expanded a smaller park the state recently broke ground on in Dorchester County, where Tubman was born into slavery in 1822. The new designation places the rural land in the National Park Service's control, protecting it from development.
Advocates and a bipartisan group of lawmakers described the rare presidential proclamation as a significant step in what has been a long and often grueling campaign to pay homage to Tubman, who escaped slavery but returned to the Eastern Shore 13 times to free others.
"We've driven a stake into the ground with the monument," said Bill Crouch, Maryland director of the Conservation Fund, which donated the land to the federal government. "On a national scale, it's very exciting."
Presidential authority to designate national monuments under the 1906 Antiquities Act has been exercised about 130 times to protect sites such as the Grand Canyon and the Statue of Liberty. In addition to the Tubman site, Obama added four properties to that list on Monday — in Ohio, Delaware, New Mexico and Washington state.
National monuments are different from national parks in that they are designed to protect something of historic, prehistoric or scientific interest, while parks are set aside because of some scenic feature or natural phenomena, according to the National Park Service.
The designations occasionally stir controversy, and several Republicans on Capitol Hill criticized the move, noting the potential long-term costs associated with creating parks at a time when Washington is focused on deficit reduction.
Utah Republican Rep. Rob Bishop, who chairs the House subcommittee on public lands and environmental regulation, said that use of the act "promotes a certain type of unilateral governance and sets a dangerous precedent" and that "the costs associated with these new designations ought to be considered openly."
Lawmakers attended the signing of the proclamations at the White House, but the ceremony was not open to reporters or the public.
The only Republican in Maryland's congressional delegation, Rep. Andy Harris, supports the designation. He signed a letter to the Interior Department last year requesting it, along with Gov. Martin O'Malley and the state's Democratic senators, Ben Cardin and Barbara A. Mikulski.
Harris, who represents the Eastern Shore, described Tubman as a "role model for all Americans and someone who deserves to be honored." The initial cost of maintaining the site is likely to fall within the federal park service's existing resources, a Harris aide said.
Tubman fled to Pennsylvania at 27. Her return trips to free friends, family and others made her among the most prominent conductors of the Underground Railroad. The land donated by the Conservation Fund once was home to Jacob Jackson, a free black man who used coded messages from Tubman to coordinate the escape of her brothers.
Advocates have been keen to see progress on the park this year, the 100-year anniversary of Tubman's death.
The area is "nationally significant because of its deep association with Tubman and the Underground Railroad," the proclamation Obama signed reads. "If she were to return to this area today, Harriet Tubman would recognize it."
Clara Small, a history professor at Salisbury University who has studied black history on the Eastern Shore, said the monument designation is also culturally significant and sends a powerful message to young African-Americans. It is one of the only parks in the nation to honor a black woman.
"I am so proud," Small said. "A lot of work went into this."
Maryland lawmakers have pushed for years for a park. Congress directed the Interior Department to study options to commemorate Tubman 13 years ago.
Cardin and other lawmakers introduced legislation to create two national sites — one in Maryland and another in western New York, where Tubman moved after the Civil War — but the effort failed to gain traction for years.
Advocates said they will continue to press for a law that could expand the scope and funding for the park.
"This designation is an important step in honoring this true American heroine," Cardin said in a statement. "Today's action from the president will help us achieve our goal."
In 2007, the state of Maryland acquired 17.3 acres of land for a state park, located about 10 miles south of Cambridge and near the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge. State and federal officials broke ground this month on a $21 million, 15,000-square-foot visitors center that is expected to open in 2015.
Officials ultimately envision walking trails as well as driving tours with markers placed at historically significant locations. That experience would likely begin at the visitor center.
The federal proclamation addresses the 480-acre site, but it creates the possibility of expanding the size of the park to 11,750 acres. The document allows the federal government to accept additional donations of private land and to negotiate easements to limit development with landowners who opt in to such agreements.
Dorchester County officials said they hope the designation will boost tourism, which represents one-fifth of the county's employment. Amanda Fenstermaker, director of Dorchester County Tourism, said the county already benefits from people who visit to learn about Tubman's life.
"That was one of the reasons why we knew that expanding on the theme of Harriet Tubman would be something that would capture the imagination and attention of visitors," Fenstermaker said. "She's a national hero."
- Tourism and Leisure
- Travel
- Conservation
- Politics and Government
- Environmental Issues
- Human Interest
- Barack Obama
- Justice System
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- Africa
- Harriet Tubman
- Ben Cardin
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- Conservation Fund
- U.S. Department of the Interior
- Statue of Liberty
- Martin O'Malley
- White House
- U.S. Congress
- Rob Bishop


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In recent years, the debate over immigration has reached a fever pitch, with leaders in both political parties, civil rights activists and even celebrities speaking up to offer their two centavos on this critical issue.
But while there's no simple way to resolve the matter, it's important to remember our nation's rich history when it comes to immigrants. After all, it's been said that the United States is a "nation of immigrants." In fact, some of our biggest and brightest Latino luminaries have roots outside the U.S. of A.
Here's a look at 52 Latinos who are the children of immigrants.
MORE: Everything You Need To Know About DREAMers
The Orange is the New Black actress was born in Jersey with Colombian roots. She has become a huge immigration reform activist because of her personal experience of having her parents and brother deported when she was 14-years-old. The 31-year-old actress also wrote In the Country We Love: My Family Divided, a novel based on her personal story dealing with the heartbreak of being separated from her family.
Amara La Negra
The Love and Hip Hop celebrity was raised by her single mother and has been very vocal about her mother's struggle to emigrate from the Dominican Republic to the United States in hopes of providing a better future for her.
America Ferrera
She may have portrayed the Mexican American Betty Suarez on ABC's Ugly Betty, but America Ferrera is actually Honduran American. The Emmy- and Golden Globe-winning actress, who was born and raised in Los Angeles, is the daughter of Honduran nationals who immigrated to the United States in the mid 1970s.
Junot Díaz
Pulitzer Prize-winning author Junot Díaz, who was born in the Dominican Republic, spent most of his early years living with his madre and abuelitos in Santo Domingo while his father worked in the U.S. In 1974, the author of The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao immigrated to Middlesex County, New Jersey, to stay with his father. Despite an avid interest in reading books as child, he didn't begin writing until he was much older, after his brother was diagnosed with Leukemia. "A part of the way I stayed connected to my brother was writing these enormous, ridiculous letters about what was going on about our lives, about the neighborhood, and in some ways my complete love of reading had prepared me for the moment that my brother's illness provided, which was an excuse to now participate in the form I loved so much," said Díaz in an interview with The Harvard Advocate. "So that's how I started actually, writing letters to someone in a hospital."
Louis C.K.
With a Hungarian name like Louis Székely, it may be hard to believe that Louis C.K. is Hispanic. But the comedian/actor, who was born in Washington, D.C., does have raices Latinas; Louis C.K.'s father was born in Mexico, the product of a Jewish Hungarian father and Mexican Indian mother. Despite being born in the United States, the creator and star of FX's comedy series Louie was raised in Mexico City until he was seven years old; and Spanish was his first language.
Gloria Estefan
Gloria Estefan, commonly referred to as the Queen of Latin Pop, is one of the most successful crossover artists of all time. The Grammy winner, who was born in Havana, fled Cuba with her family as a result of the Cuban Revolution. After settling in Miami, Estefan's father – a soldier and bodyguard for dictator Fulgencio Batista while living in his native country – enlisted in the armed forces and fought in the Vietnam War and took part in the Bay of Pigs Invasion. The "Miss Little Havana" singer was honored with the Ellis Island Congressional Medal of Honor in 1993, the highest award that can be given to a naturalized U.S. citizen.
Alexis Bledel
"Most people think I'm Irish," professed Alexis Bledel to Latina. But the Houston-born actress is a full-fledged Latina. The former Gilmore Girls star's father was born and raised in Argentina; her mother was born in Phoenix, but moved to Mexico with her family when she was eight years old. Bledel and her brother were even raised in a Spanish-speaking household. "It's the only culture my mom knows from life, and my father as well, and they made the decision to raise their children within the context they had been raised in, so we speak Spanish in my parents' house, and my mom cooks amazing Mexican food."
Maria Elena Salinas
Maria Elena Salinas, who co-anchors Noticiero Univision, has been heralded as one of the most influential Hispanic journalists in the United States. The Emmy-winning Spanish-language news presenter's Mexican parents immigrated to the U.S. in the 1940s. During her illustrious career, Salinas – who was born and raised in Los Angeles – has interviewed some of the world's most powerful politicians, including U.S. Presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.
Mark Consuelos
Former All My Children star Mark Consuelos, who recently appeared on FX's American Horror Story: Asylum, was born in Zaragoza, Spain. Consuelos, the youngest of three children, was raised by his Mexican father and Italian mother in Lebanon, Illinois and Tampa, Florida.
Allison Iraheta
During the eighth season of American Idol, Allison Iraheta was hailed the "dark horse" in the competition by judge Paula Abdul and even praised by Simon Cowell. Despite a highly praised performance of Janis Joplin's version of "Cry Baby" in the Top Four round, the rockera ended up being sent home that week, ending her Idol run as the last girl standing. Iraheta, the youngest of three children to Salvadoran immigrant parents, was born in Glendale, California.
David Archuleta
David Archuleta, who was born in Miami, came thisclose to winning the whole enchilada on the seventh season of American Idol. The baby-faced singer finished in second place to David Cook after a finale that Fox declared had registered 97 million votes. At the time, it was highest total of votes ever recorded in the show's history. The "Crush" singer's mother, Lupe Maria, is a former salsa singer and dancer who was born in Honduras.
John Leguizamo
John Leguizamo has gained acclaim for his Broadway shows, television specials and stand-up comedy routines about growing up in a rough Queens, New York neighborhood in the Jackson Heights community. "It was an area of Jackson Heights now called Little Colombia but when I arrived it was like a frontier – we were the second Latino family there, the other was Mexican," the Golden Globe-nominated actor/comedian tells London's The Telegraph. But Leguizamo was actually born in Bogotá, Colombia and immigrated to New York with his family when he was a child.
Prince Royce
It's no wonder Prince Royce could earn his third consecutive Premio Lo Nuestro prize for Tropical Male Artist of the Year this week. The Bronx-born singer-songwriter's parents both hail from the Dominican Republic, the home of bachata. Since releasing his self-titled debut album in March 2010, Prince Royce has become one of today's biggest Latin music stars. He's since set his sights on an English-language crossover with his follow-up album Phase II, which was released last April. "This is finally the way that I can represent Latinos in a different way," Prince Royce tells NocheLatina.com. "I want to show what bachata is to people who don't know Spanish. I think it's a way of opening that door."
Elizabeth Gutiérrez
Sure, Elizabeth Gutiérrez has appeared in telenovelas like Venezuela's Olvidarte Jamas and Mexico's Corazón salvaje. But the Spanish-speaking actress has a closer connection to Hollywood than you might think. Gutiérrez, the mother of William Levy's two children, was born in Los Angeles to Mexican parents. Her family moved to Mexico when she was five, but returned to the United States five years later.
Laura Harring
Shhh, don't tell Donald Trump… Laura Harring's birth certificate shows the former Miss USA was born in Sinaloa, Mexico. The Mulholland Drive actress' mother was born in Mexico and raised in the United States. Harring even spent the first decade of her life living south of the border before her family moved to San Antonio. After attending boarding school in Switzerland, Harring moved to El Paso, where she started entering pageants, eventually becoming the first Hispanic woman to win the Miss USA crown.
Michael Trevino
He may portray the son of a prominent family in the fictional town of Mystic Falls, Virginia on the CW's The Vampire Diaries. But Michael Trevino comes from more humble beginnings. The Montebello, California-born actor's father was the son of Mexican immigrants; Trevino's mother hailed from Zacatecas, Mexico. In an interview with Latina.com, he said the best thing about being Mexican is "having authentic Mexican food made by my grandmother."
Edward James Olmos
Edward James Olmos, an Emmy- and Golden Globe-winner for his supporting role in Miami Vice, was born in Los Angeles to a Mexican American mother and Mexican immigrant father, who left his family and the security of his native country to make a life with his Chicana wife in the U.S. "It was not easy journey," says Olmos in an interview with the Immigrant Archive Project. "Even though Spanish is spoken here, he tried like crazy to speak English. And even to the day he passed away at the age of 74, he still spoke with a solid accent."
Sara Paxton
She may look like the typical California Girl, but Sara Paxton comes from what she calls ""a very mixed family." The former Summerland star's mother was born and raised in Mexico, while her father is English, Irish and Scottish. Paxton, who was born in the Los Angeles area, has tried but failed to land a Latina role. "I've gone on auditions and I've been like, 'You know my family's [Latin]... I've spoken a little bit of Spanish, and they're just like, 'Ha ha ha – that's good!' And I'm like 'what?' she once told Latina.com in an interview, adding: "They're not going to hire the 'white girl' to play Latina."
Michael Peña
It comes as no surprise that Diego Luna cast Michael Peña as Cesar Chavez in the biopic he's directing about the labor leader and civil rights activist who co-founded the National Farm Workers Association. Not only does the End of Watch star resemble Chavez, but he has a similar background. Like Chavez, Peña's parents were farmers in their native Mexico. And the Chicago-born actor's father worked in a button factory after emigrating to the U.S.
Anthony Quinn
The late Anthony Quinn, who died in 2001 at the age of 86, was the first Mexican actor to win an Academy Award and the first Latino to win two Oscars in the same category. He was born in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution. His mother was of Aztec descent; his Irish-Mexican father rode alongside Pancho Villa before eventually becoming a cameraman at a Hollywood movie studio. Born in Chihuahua, Mexico, the Zorba the Greek actor first grew up in El Paso before moving with his family moved to the Los Angeles area.
Sara Ramirez
Sara Ramirez, who earned a Tony for playing the Lady of the Lake in the original Broadway production of Monty Python's Spamalot, was born in Mazatlán to a Mexican father and a half-Irish-American mother. The Grey's Anatomy star lived in Mexico until the age of eight, when her mother relocated the family to the San Diego area.
Paul Rodriguez
Paul Rodriguez, who has made America laugh for decades with his Latin-themed comedy routines like You're in America now, speak Spanish, was born south of the border. His parents were Mexican ranchers who emigrated to East L.A. when Rodriguez was a child. Prior to becoming a popular stand-up comedian and actor in the 1980s, Rodriguez served in the U.S military and was stationed in Iceland and Minnesota.
Pepe Aguilar
Pepe Aguilar was destined to become a star… The Grammy-winning singer/actor is the son of beloved Mexican actress/ranchera singer Flor Silvestre and "El Charro de México" Antonio Aguilar, who received a Special Golden Ariel award in his native country (the equivalent of a Lifetime Achievement Academy Award) for his "invaluable contribution and spreading of Mexican cinema." Aguilar, the younger of the couple's two children, was born in San Antonio.
Kate Von D
Sure, Kat Von D was the star of TLC's reality television series LA Ink… But the talented tattoo artist was born on the other side of the U.S./Mexico border, in the state of Nuevo León. Her Argentina-born parents were born in Mexico before relocating the familia to the Los Angeles area when Kat Von D was only four. Kat Von D credits her upbringing in Southern California's strong Latino culture with greatly influencing her tattoo art and style.
Freddy Fender
Before releasing the hit singles "Before the Next Teardrop Falls" and "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights," the late Freddy Fender – who passed away in 2006 at the age of 69 – was just Baldemar Garza Huerta. He was born in the Texas border town of San Benito to a Mexican-immigrant father and Mexican-American mother. Fender made his first radio appearance on his hometown station when he was only 10, singing "Paloma Querida." In his later years, Fender became a member of the Texas Tornadoes, the popular Tejano group that a Grammy for Best Mexican/American Performance in 1990.
Jenni Rivera
Jenni Rivera, who died in a tragic plane crash at the age of 43 last December, was born in Long Beach, California. La Diva de la Banda was the beloved daughter of Mexican illegal immigrants Pedro Rivera and Rosa Saavedra. Rivera, who grew up in a tight-knit musical household, got pregnant at the age of 15. But instead of quitting school, the straight-A student continued on with her education. "Usually, when a young girl is pregnant, she drops out of school and concentrates on being a mother," said Rivera. "I thought that's what I had to do, but my counselors told me there was no way they would let me drop out. I had too much promise." Rivera would go on to earn a bachelor's degree in business administration before becoming an internationally acclaimed singer.
Sarah Shahi
Former Dallas Cowboys Cheerleader Sarah Shahi was born and raised in the suburbs of Fort Worth, Texas. The beauty-queen-turned-actress, who currently stars opposite Sylvester Stallone in Bullet to the Head, is the daughter of a Spanish mother and Iranian father. Shahi's father's family fled Iran two years before the Iranian Revolution. The multicultural beauty is now making sure her son William gets the best of both culturas. ""When I'm not able to be with my son his nanny speaks to him just in Spanish," Shahi tells Fox News Latino. "And when my mother comes down to visit, she speaks to him just in Farsi."
Daisy Fuentes
Daisy Fuentes, the first Latina spokesperson to be signed to a worldwide contract at Revlon, was born in Havana, Cuba. When Fuentes was only three years old, her Cuban father and Spanish mother fled Cuba due to the nation's political upheaval and relocated the family to Madrid. The television host, actress and model's family would later immigrate to the United States, settling in Harrison, New Jersey. Fuentes, who was voted Homecoming Queen at Harrison High School, would land her first job as a weather anchor for New York City's Telemundo station before becoming MTV's first Latina VJ.
Carlos Santana
Carlos Santana, considered one of the greatest guitarists of all time, was born in Jalisco, Mexico. The multiple Grammy- and Latin Grammy-winning musician's Mexican parents moved the family to Tijuana before immigrating to San Francisco. Santana, who worked several years as a dishwasher in a diner before becoming a full-time musician, gained an immediate following in the Bay City's music scene after forming the Santana Blues Band in 1966. Santana was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998.
Giselle Fernández
Television journalist Giselle Fernández, who landed her first national news job at CBS News back in 1991, was born in Mexico City. The former Dancing with the Stars contestant and one of the original hosts of Access Hollywood immigrated to the United States with her family when she was only four years old. Fernández, who grew up in the Los Angeles area, studied journalism and government at California State University, Sacramento.
Guillermo Díaz
Guillermo Díaz, currently earning critical acclaim for his role on ABC's Scandal, was born and raised in New York City's Washington Heights neighborhood. The Half Baked star's parents were born in Cuba.
Andy García
Following the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion, Andy García's parents moved the Cuban-born actor and his older brother to Miami. The Godfather Part III star, who was only five years old at the time, told NewsMax.com in 2006 that he wouldn't return to his native country until Fidel Castro's reign of tyranny and repression came to an end. "I am opposed to the regime," García said, adding that he wants to come back for a visit but "in honor of all the people who have died and suffered under the [Castro] regime, I'm not able to make that leap."
Joanna García
Former Reba star Joanna García – who is expecting her first child this May with husband and former New York Yankees star Nick Swisher – was born and raised in Tampa, Florida, a city with strong Cuban roots. While García mom is Spanish-American, her father was born in Cuba. "It's a huge part of my life," Garcia once told NYDailyNews.com, adding, "I'm very proud of my heritage in a big way..."
Tony Plana
Ugly Betty star Tony Plana, who guest-starred on Desperate Housewives and Body of Proof in 2011, was born in Havana. His parents, both bankers in their native country, fled Cuba when Plana was a child. They immigrated to the Los Angeles area, where his father worked at a Tootsie Roll factory. During his career, Plana has starred in several Cuba-themed projects, including the television mini-series Fidel, Oliver Stone's acclaimed film JFK and Andy García's directorial debut film The Lost City.
Génesis Rodríguez
Hollywood's rising Latina star Génesis Rodríguez, currently appearing as Marisol in Melissa McCarthy's hit film Identity Thief, was born and raised in Miami. The model, actress and former telenovela star's father is Venezuelan actor and singer José Luis Rodríguez, the man better known as "El Puma;" her mother is a former Cuban model.
Morena Baccarin, 33
The United States isn't Morena Baccarin's original Homeland. The star of the award-winning Showtime series was actually born in Rio de Janeiro to a Brazilian actress mother and Brazilian journalist father of Italian ancestry. Following her father's work transfer to New York, the family relocated to the Greenwich Village. Baccarin attended New York City Lab School for Collaborative Studies and Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts. She then enrolled in the Juilliard School's theater program.
Jon Secada
Grammy-winning singer-songwriter Jon Secada was born in Havana, Cuba. His parents immigrated to the United States when the "Just Another Day" singer was only nine and settled in the Cuban community of Hialeah, Florida, where his family managed a coffee shop. Secada, who attended Miami Dade Community College and the University of Miami, became a skilled jazz musician and was inducted into UM's Iron Arrow Honor Society before becoming a background singer for Gloria Estefan, the woman who would help launch his career as a solo artist.
Florencia Lozano
Florencia Lozano, who will be reprising her role as Téa Delgado on the web revival of ABC's former soap opera One Life to Live, was born and raised in Princeton, New Jersey. Lozano, who has guest-starred on Ugly Betty, Gossip Girl and Royal Pains, is the daughter of an Argentina-born Spanish teacher.
Steven López, Mark López, Diana López,
Steven López, Mark López and Diana López could be called "American Taekwondo royalty." The gifted siblings, whose parents were born in Nicaragua and immigrated to the United States in 1972, had their names etched into the annals of sports history eight years ago when they each claimed a world championship title at the 2005 World Taekwondo Championships. Three years later, the siblings would represent the U.S. at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. It was the first time since 1904 that three siblings had been on the same Olympic team.
Raquel Welch
Raquel Welch, who became an insta-sex symbol when she appeared in an animal skin bikini on the poster for her film One Million Years B.C., was born and raised in Chicago. The CSI: Miami guest star's mother was of English descent; her father, an aeronautical engineer, was born in Bolivia. He immigrated to the United States when he was only 17 years old.
Leo Manzano
Last summer, Leo Manzano helped snap a 44-year medal drought for the United States in men's middle distance running at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. The track and field standout, who was born in Mexico and immigrated to Texas with his family when he was four, kicked off a brilliant sprint in the final stretch of the men's 1500-meter final to win the gold medal, making him the first American to medal in that event since Jim Ryun finished second at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.
Lupe Ontiveros
The late Lupe Ontiveros, who passed away last summer at the age of 69, once guesstimated that she'd portrayed a maid in 150 projects, including The Goonies. "I'm proud to represent those hands that labor in this country," America Ferrera's Real Women Have Curves co-star told The New York Times. I've given every maid I've ever portrayed soul and heart." Ontiveros, who born in El Paso, was the daughter of middle-class Mexican immigrants. Despite their lack of a formal education and training, her parents owned a tortilla factory and ran two restaurants in the Texas border city.
Jose Canseco
Baseball's bad boy Jose Canseco, a six-time Major League Baseball All-Star and two-time World Series Champion, was born in Havana, Cuba. Canseco's family immigrated to the United States in 1965, when the baseball star and his identical twin brother Ozzie were mere infants, and relocated in the Miami area— all to give their children a better life.
Cristina Saralegui
Cristina Saralegui, commonly referred to as "the Spanish Oprah," was born in Havana. Following the Cuban Revolution, the popular talk show host's family fled to the U.S. in 1960, settling in Miami's Key Biscayne. Saralegui, who attended the University of Miami, landed an internship at Vanidades magazine, and eventually became the editor of the Spanish version of Cosmopolitan—all before becoming the internationally recognized host of her Spanish-language talk show, El Show de Cristina.
Michelle Rodriguez
The Fast and the Furious star Michelle Rodriguez, whose character will return from the dead in Fast and Furious 6 this May, was born and raised in San Antonio. The actress known for playing tough girls is the daughter of a native of the Dominican Republic.
Mary Jo Fernández
Former tennis star Mary Jo Fernández, who won two Olympic gold medals in tennis for the United States during her career, was born in the Dominican Republic to parents who were immigrants to the island nation. Her father hailed from Spain; her mother was from Cuba. She and her family would eventually immigrate to the United States; and Fernández, who graduated from Miami's Carrollton School of the Sacred Heart, first earned the attention of the tennis world after winning four consecutive Orange Bowl junior titles. She turned pro as a teenager in 1986 and reached a career-high world ranking of No. 4 in October 1990. Since her retirement from the game in 2000, Fernández has become a popular tennis commentator and the coach of the U.S. Fed Cup team.
Gabe Saporta
Cobra Starship front man Gabe Saporta, who recently announced his engagement to fashion designer Erin Fetherston, was born in Uruguay. His parents, both from Jewish families, had fled Europe during World War II and relocated in South America. Saporta's family immigrated to the U.S. when he was only four, living in Queens, New York and Springfield, New Jersey.
Madeleine Stowe
It's no wonder Madeleine Stowe, who was born and raised in the Los Angeles area, masterfully portrays socialite Victoria Grayson on ABC's Revenge. The Golden Globe-winning actress' mother, Mireya, was the member of a prominent family in Costa Rica. According to the country's Academia Costarricense de Ciencias Genealógicas, Stowe's mother's family tree includes a great-great-grandfather who was the younger politico brother of President Juan Rafael Mora Porras; a great-great-grandfather who served as President of Costa Rica for a short time; and a great-great-grandmother who just so happened to be the sister of President José María Montealegre Fernández.
Cote de Pablo
Cote de Pablo, who has won an Imagen Award and ALMA Award for her portrayal of the popular character Ziva David on CBS' NCIS, was born in Santiago, Chile. de Pablo's family moved to the U.S. when she was 10 after her mother landed a job at a Miami-based television network. After graduating from New World School of the Arts, de Pablo studied music and theater at Carnegie Mellon University. Following her short-lived stint in the 2005 Broadway production of The Mambo Kings, which closed during a trial run in San Francisco, de Pablo auditioned for NCIS and landed the role that would bring her international acclaim.
Jordana Brewster
These days Jordana Brewster may be spending time on South Fork, but the Dallas star was born in Panama. Brewster, the daughter of a former Brazilian Sports Illustrated swimsuit model and an American investment banker, moved to London from Panama for six years when she was only two months old. She'd then move to her mother's homeland until her move to Manhattan at the age of 10. The Fast and the Furious star attended Convent of the Sacred Heart and the Professional Children's School in New York, before attending college at Yale University.
Camilla Belle
From Prada to Nada star Camilla Belle has roots in Fashion. The Los Angeles-born actress is the daughter of a Brazilian-born fashion designer. The actress, who had a breakout role in the pre-historic drama 10,000 BC, attended Marlborough School, an all-girl high school in Los Angeles.
Maiara Walsh
Maiara Walsh, who has most recently shared screen time with Constance Marie in ABC Family's Switched at Birth, is the daughter of a Brazil-born mother and American father. Walsh, who was born in Seattle, Washington, spent her formative years living in her mother's native country. But when she was 11, the family moved back to the States so that she could pursue her dream of becoming an actress.


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Defense contractor Northrop Grumman, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), and NASA Dryden Flight Research Center reported on October 8 that they are moving closer to the day when drones can stay airborne indefinitely, refueled by other unmanned aerial vehicles without human assistance.
The test flights conducted between January 11 and May 30 involved the use of two Global Hawk drones — "one configured as a tanker and the other as a receiver." The experiments were conducted at Edwards Air Force Base, California and reportedly resulted in the achieving of many milestones:
The lead receiver aircraft extended and retracted its aerial refueling hose several times, completing all planned tests to validate the associated program hardware and software.
The trail tanker aircraft successfully demonstrated precision control in formation with manual and automated "breakaway" maneuvers — important safety features and criteria of the test program.
Two Global Hawk unmanned aircraft successfully flew for the first time in close formation — as close as 30 feet.
During the close-formation flight, the aircraft rendezvoused and flew for more than 2.5 hours under autonomous formation control, with the majority of the time within 100 ft (or one wingspan) of each other.
"The technical developments that enabled these two high-altitude, long-endurance unmanned Global Hawks in close formation is an outstanding accomplishment for the AHR [Autonomous High-altitude Refueling] program," said Fred Ricker, vice president and deputy general manager for Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems' Advanced Programs & Technology. "Coupled with the advanced design and technical implementation of aerial refueling systems on board both aircraft, the demonstration has truly brought a concept to life, which has the potential to change the operations for unmanned aircraft utility and enable mission flexibility never before realized."
A DARPA news release reported on the success of the $33-million program:
During its final test flight, two modified Global Hawk aircraft flew in close formation, 100 feet or less between refueling probe and receiver drogue, for the majority of a 2.5-hour engagement at 44,800 feet. This demonstrated for the first time that High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) class aircraft can safely and autonomously operate under in-flight refueling conditions. The flight was the ninth test and the first time the aircraft flew close enough to measure the full aerodynamic and control interactions. Flight data was analyzed over the past few months and fed back into simulations to verify system safety and performance through contact and fuel transfer — including the effects of turns and gusts up to 20 knots.
This is very promising for the perpetuation of the death-by-drone program and for its expansion domestically in the coming years. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) predicts that by 2020, 30,000 of these unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) will be patrolling American airspace.
DARPA program manager Jim McCormick seems to hint at the wide range of uses to which such advanced drones may be put in the near future.
"The goal of this demonstration was to create the expectation that future HALE aircraft will be refueled in flight," McCormick said. "Such designs should be more affordable to own and operate across a range of mission profiles than systems built to satisfy the most stressing case without refueling. The lessons from AHR certainly extend beyond the HALE flight regime, and insights into non-traditional tanker concepts may offer further operational advantages."
If, as McCormick predicts, this new military technology will make drones more affordable and more easily operated, the deployment of them domestically may pose a legitimate threat to the privacy and liberty of Americans as law enforcement agencies purchase squadrons of the vehicles in the years to come.
Such a deployment will create several critical questions of constitutionality of their potential uses — the most crucial being the application of the Fourth Amendment's prohibition against "unlawful searches and seizures" and the requirement that warrants be supported by affidavits "particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. "To shore up the strength of this constitutional barrier, in June Senator Rand Paul introduced a bill to "protect individual privacy against unwarranted governmental intrusion through the use of unmanned aerial vehicles commonly called drones." Paul's bill mandates: "A person or entity acting under the authority [of], or funded in whole or in part by, the Government of the United States shall not use a drone to gather evidence or other information pertaining to criminal conduct or conduct in violation of a statute or regulation except to the extent authorized in a warrant that satisfies the requirements of the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States."
Senator Paul explained, "Americans going about their everyday lives should not be treated like criminals or terrorists and have their rights infringed upon by military tactics."
Constitutional conflicts rising in the wake of the domestic deployment of drones have already come up in court in the case of Rodney Brossart, who became one of the first American citizens (if not the first) arrested by local law enforcement with the use of a drone owned by a federal agency. Police launched this loaner after Brossart held the police at bay for over 16 hours.
Brossart's run-in with law enforcement began after six cows found their way onto his property (about 3,000 acres near Lakota, North Dakota), and he refused to turn them over to officers. In fact, according to several sources, Brossart and a few family members ran police off his farm at the point of a gun. Naturally, police weren't pleased with Brossart's brand of hospitality, so they returned with a warrant, a SWAT team, and a determination to apprehend Brossart and the cows.
A standoff ensued, and the Grand Forks police SWAT team made a call to Grand Forks Air Force Base, home to one of the Department of Homeland Security's squadron of Predator drones. No sooner did the call come in than the drone was airborne, and Brossart's precise location was pinpointed with laser-guided accuracy. The machine-gun toting SWAT officers rushed in, tased, and then arrested Brossart on various charges, including terrorizing a sheriff.
At a legal hearing on the matter, Bruce Quick, the lawyer representing Brossart, alleged a violation of the Fourth Amendment's protection against unwarranted searches and seizures. Although the police possessed an apparently valid search warrant, Quick asserts that no such judicial go-ahead was sought for or obtained for the use of the Predator drone to track Brossart. Therein lies the constitutional rub.
Senator Paul's measure, if enacted, would give specific guidance to the judicial branch's understanding of the Fourth Amendment and the scope of its prohibitions. It would prevent citizens from being subject to surveillance without notice.
In practice, this would help judges apply the principles of the Fourth Amendment to drones in a very specific way. The standards presently used to judge the constitutionality of observation by helicopter or patrol car, for example, would be altered appropriately to fit the rapidly advancing drone technology. The improved legal framework would help law enforcement avoid legally suspect surveillance and would maintain the public's protection against unconstitutional searches and seizures.
Another important consideration is what level of weaponization is permissible for the police? Does local law enforcement need the type of weaponry used by the military, whose mission is very different from that of law enforcement?
In fairness, there are many lawful possible uses of drones, including wildfire control, tracking suspected criminals for whom a qualifying warrant has been issued, tracking of stolen vehicles, etc. It is the unconstitutional use of drones that is objectionable and that Americans must be vigilant against.
According to the most recent figures, Northrop Grumman has contributed over $2 million to candidates' campaign coffers, including $49,017 to President Barack Obama and $34,350 to Republican challenger Mitt Romney.
Photo: Northrop Grumman press release


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There's nothing like firing up a naked V12, unencumbered by sheetmetal. Here are 12 ear-stroking specimens, starting with a tiny, hand-built V12; 87cc's worth of air-cooled miraculousness. German hobbyist Ralf Drendel created this tiny masterwork just because he could.
2.) 27 Liter Rover Meteor MK4B Tank Engine
Rover built this monster V12—a relative of the Rolls-Royce Merlin aircraft engine—to power the Centurion, Britain's primary battle tank of the post World War II era. That and this awesome Rover project.
3.) Lamborghini Miura
The 3.9-liter V12 from the Lamborghini Miura produced between 350hp and 385hp during its heyday in the mid- to late-1960s. Concerned with packaging the transversely mounted Bizzarini engine, engineers Dallara and Stanzini (and master wrench/driver Bob Wallace) took a cue from Mini; the engine and 5-speed transaxle were formed in a single casting.
4.) V71 Detroit Diesel V12
This 852ci V12 produced 450hp and about a gajillion pounds-feet of torque when it went into use in GMC trucks and buses. This twin-turbocharged specimen supposedly produces 525hp and sounds awfully untrucklike.
5.) V12 Ferrari F1
This screamy, early 1990s Ferrari V12 setup (assumedly Alain Prost's Ferrari 642), is under the auspices of Italian racing team Scuderia Ecosse. If it's the Ferrari Tipo 037, this V12 displaces 3.5 liters and produces upward of 700hp.
6.) 3,200ci Climax V12
A giant V12 with a seven-inch bore and stroke and 270 cubes per cylinder, and you start it with a rope? Yes.
7.) Allison V12
The Allison V1710 powered the US Air Corps fighter fleet in the early years of WWII, producing up to 1,300 hp in European and Pacific theater fighters such as the P-38 Lightning, Bell P-39 Airacobra and P-40 Warhawk. Today, this one's strictly ground bound.
8.) Ferrari 365 GT4
With a chassis adapted from the 365GTB/4 Daytona, the Pininfarina-designed 365 GT4 also shared the same 4.4-liter, quad-cam Colombo V12, which in the GT4 produced 340 hp at 6,800rpm. What you can't see here is the GM Turbohydromatic slushbox that shifted gears for the majority of these cruisers.
9.) Russian V12 Tank Engine
The 39-liter, turbocharged Russian V-46 engine, motivator of the Breshnev-era T-72 tank, was a product of the fearsome Uralvagonzavod factory — the largest producer of tanks in the world during the 1940s. Thus, its ominous idle cadence that sounds like the 8th Estonian Rifle Corps marching into Saaremaa.
10.) GMC 702 Twin-Six "Balaur"
The 702 ci GMC "dragon" twin six, as Ms. Martin once pointed out, wasn't built from two sixes, but was a full 12 with a unique block and crank, and four V6 cylinder heads bolted on. It netted only 250 hp, but kicked out 585 lb/ft of missile-pulling torque.
11.) 1932 Cadillac OHV V12
In 1931, Cadillac introduced a V12 as a depression-era alternative to the V16 for former tycoons who'd only lost only part of their shirts in the 1929 crash. It was the perfect motoring accompaniment to the Escalade of its day, the 7-passenger 370B.
12.) Ferrari 250 GT Lusso V12
Steve McQueen's beloved Ferrari 250 GT Lusso recently sold for $2.3 million, so this 2.95 liter Colombo Tipo 125 V12 is indeed one big-buck lump.


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A free bottle of Prosecco on your birthday.
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Sign in now using your Locals Card details and we'll credit you 100 points (150 points gives you £5 to spend in our pubs). It only takes a minute and you can start using your card straight away.


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[*Note: for Fan Sneak Previews on 4/3 at 6:30pm, 3D ticket purchase includes limited edition Titanic Real 3D glasses and a limited edition Titanic lithograph] James Cameron's "Titanic" is an epic, action-packed romance set against the ill-fated maiden voyage of the R.M.S. Titanic; the pride and joy of the White Star Line and, at the time, the largest moving object ever built. She was the most luxurious liner of her era -- the "ship of dreams" -- which ultimately carried over 1,500 people to their death...more
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- Joseph and Jill McKinstry Libraries Endowed Fellowship
- UW Libraries offers a unique fellowship to MLIS students at the iSchool that combines a scholarship with a paid work experience in the University Libraries system. The successful fellow receives a scholarship and an assignment in a University Libraries unit(s) based on the recipient's interests.
- Guy and Charlotte Springsteel Graduate Fellowship
- This fellowship is for select iSchool masters program students. Established by Frederick Springsteel, it honors his parents, Guy and Charlotte, who met at Western Washington University.


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Chair covers
"Thank you so much for providing the beautiful sashes for our wedding.
We were so pleased we decided to have them as they really set off the room and it looked fabulous. You were also amazingly prompt and professional in providing them at short notice.
We had a wonderful day in a beautiful setting. Thanks again!"
"We were very pleased and grateful for the hard work put in for our wedding day decorations. The outcome was excellent and we really appreciated all the ideas and input to make our day special. Thank you!"
"My husband and I sourced our chair ties from Eventiz Couture when we got married at the Roof Gardens in Kensington. We wanted something more modern with a beautiful design element and didn't really like the usual organza chair sashes that you see at most weddings.
We opted for the black and white damask chair ties which had beautiful brooches tying them together. It looked absolutely stunning; especially when put together with our wedding stationery and floral arrangements."
[Wendy Bell of Wendy Bell Designs ]
"Eventiz Couture were creative problems solvers. We shared with them initially how we wanted the reception to look and they delivered exactly what we had pictured for our dream day.
There were a couple of technical challenges involved in the installation of our theme however nothing was above them. They rose to every challenge and were with us every
step and were attentive to our wishes.
Our reception looked absolutely amazing and a lot our guests have commented on how stunning and detailed everything looked!"