text:
Please remember to add a category to the bottom of each page that you create.
See categories help for further details, but most will probably be [[Category:HTC ModelName]].
Samsung Galaxy S/SGH-I997
This template is no longer being used, please update this page to use Template:Device.
|Samsung Infuse 4g
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Model Number: SGH-I997
- 1 Hardware Specs
- 2 User Manual(English)
- 3 Supporting Software
- 4 Hacking/Modifications
- 4.1 Rooting
- 4.2 Custom Kernels
- 4.3 ROMs
- 4.4 Modems
- 4.5 Hacking Hardware
- 4.6 Device Recovery
Hardware Specs
Samsung Infuse 4G provides the best entertainment experience in a handheld mobile device. Its innovative display technology provides best-in-market picture brilliance so movies and video games come to life like never before, even outdoors. Plus, its high-speed capabilities mean you can quickly and easily download thousands of apps, surf websites, and play games with virtually no lag time or processing interruptions. 4G* (HSPA+) speeds
Advertised Features
Crystal-clear 4.5" Super AMOLED Plus touchscreen display
Android 2.2 OS with Android Market™ and integration with Google applications
8 MP camera with HD 720p video camera and 1.3 MP front-facing camera
AT&T's thinnest 4G smartphone at 8.99 mm
Full entertainment suite with Samsung Media Hub and U-verse® Live TV
HD playback over HDMI with included MHL adapter
Seamless multitasking with 1.2 Ghz processor
High-speed browsing with HSPA+ support
Expandable memory up to 32 GB with microSD™ card
Swype® text input for fast text entry
All Features
Display: Crystal-clear 4.5" Super AMOLED Plus touchscreen display
Ultra Thin: 8.99 mm
Web Browser: Full HTML with support for Adobe® Flash®
Email: Exchange ActiveSync® (Microsoft® Outlook®), Gmail™, POP3, IMAP
Messaging: Text messaging, multimedia messaging
Operating System: Android 2.2
Wireless Data: 802.11 b/g/n and unlimited usage on AT&T's entire national Wi-Fi network**
Bluetooth®: Version 2.1+EDR with stereo
Camera: 8 MP camera with HD 720p video camera and 1.3 MP front-facing camera
Apps and Entertainment: Android Market with access to thousands of apps and widgets, Samsung Media Hub for purchase or rental of TV shows and movies
Wireless Specs: UMTS 850/1900/2100, GSM 850/900/1800/1900MHz, HSPA+ up to 21.1 Mbps
Memory: 16 GB internal memory, up to 32 GB external memory
Dimensions/Height: 5.15 x 2.77 x 0.36 inches, 4.9 ounces
Battery: 1750 mAh
Talk Time: Up to 8 hours 50 minutes
Standby Time: Up to 16 days and 16 hours
The SGH-i997 ships with firmware version UCKD4 or UCKE5. The firmware is upgradeable via OTA(Over The Air) update in the settings menu under Software Updates to the latest version available. Latest AT&T Samsung Infuse 4g ships with firmware UCLB3.
Stock Applictions
Yahoo Pager, AT&T code scanner, Angry Birds, Browser, Buddies Now, Camera, Clock, Contacts, Days, Dialer, Divx, DualClock, Email, FaceBook, Gallery3D, GenieWidget, Gmail, Maps, Market, MediaHub, Memo, MiniDiary, Mms, MusicPlayer, MyFiles, Phone, PicoTts, QuickOffice, Feed And Update, Program Monitor, Settings, SoundPlayer, Street, Swype, LiveWallpapers Aurora, LiveWallpapers Beach, LiveWallpapers Luminescence, Talk, Telenav, TetheringManager0326, TouchWiz3 Launcher, TouchWiz Calculator, TouchWiz Calendar, VideoPlayer, VoiceRecorder, VoiceSearch, WriteandGo, YouTube, MobiTV Client, Flash Player
Official Documentation
User Manual(English)
Samsung SGH i997 Infuse 4G English User Manual
Supporting Software
This section covers drivers and utilities which are used on Linux, Windows and Mac.
Windows OS requires drivers to interface with the phone in various modes. Linux and Mac have inbuilt support.
Windows Drivers
Samsung official Infuse 4g USB drivers (Windows XP/Vista/Windows7)
Open Source libUSB driver (Heimdall) 32/64
Closed Source Samsung Driver Win32 (Odin)(DELETED)
Closed Source Samsung Driver Win64 (Odin) (DELETED)
Desktop Software
This software is useful for working with the phone from the desktop
heimdall - Open Source flashing software designed by XDA Senior Member Benjamin Dobell (Win,Mac,Linux)
Samsung Kies - Available for Windows and Mac platform, as of now Kies does not support Infuse 4G in Windows version, said to work in Mac (requires confirmation) - --Msramkrish 16:08, 27 October 2011 (CDT)
Samsung Kies - provides a platform to load your phone with music and applications Samsung Kies (Windows)
Samsung Kies Mini - Used as a tool for software updates Samsung Kies Mini (Windows)
Odin3 - Closed source flashing software. Odin3 V1.81 (Windows)
In this section you will find things above and beyond what the "average" user will do to his phone.
Rooting the SGH-i997 is typical of most samsung devices. The device requires the SuperUser APK and the SU binary to be pushed to the /system/ folder. Busybox is typically deployed along with SuperUser to provide a robust set of standardized Linux utilities.
SuperOneClick is the easiest way to root the Samsung Infuse 4G (Windows)
Instructions for Rooting the Samsung Infuse 4G can be found here. (Windows)
As a general rule: if you don't know why you need root, do not root your phone. Root is the user who starts the Linux Kernel and assigns permissions to each application and user on the device. Root is on your phone when you get it. By unlocking the ability to assume permissions of the root user (rooting), you are taking on the responsibility of security which was not a concern when the device was not rooted. It is best to un-root the phone if you do not require root access.
Custom Kernels
Custom ROM packages
Infuse 4G Super Everything Thread {Second Edition} Updated April 21, 2012 [1]
- DarkyRom Extreme Infuse Edition by dman3285
- DlevROM Infuse Edition by bigfau
- Doctorz Rom Platinum Infuse by dman3285
- Galnet MIUI by boostnsubaru
- GingerReal by bigfau
- GSInfuse by mrzzheng
- Illuminance by dman3285
- Infused] by gtg465x
Stock, Rooted, Deodexed, Busyboxed ROM packages
- SGH I997 UCKK4 by dman3285
- SGH I997 UCKK3 by dman3285
- SGH I997 UCKK1 by JordanElliott
- SGH I997 UCKJ4 by JordanElliott
- SGH I997 UCKJ2 by JordanElliott
- SGH I997 UCKD5 by lost1
- SGH I997 UXKG3 by gtg465x
Stock ROM packages
- SGH I997 UCKK3 by Przekret
- SGH I997 UCKK2 by Przekret
- SGH I997 UCKK1 by Przekret
- SGH I997 UCKJ4 by Przekret
- SGH I997 UCKJ2 by Przekret
- SGH I997 UCKJ1 by Przekret
- SGH I997 UCKE3 by gtg465x
Odin Flashable
CWM Flashable
Hacking Hardware
Most people who flash a device tend to play it safe and have at least a home-brew 301k jig. Others go the full 9-yards with several pieces of supporting hardware. Listed here you will find known hacking hardware
Resistor JIGs
A 301Kohm resistor between USB pins 4 and 5 will turn on the device and activate download mode.
A 619Kohm resistor between USB pins 4 and 5 will turn on the device and activate 192600bps UART from pins 2 and 3.
Useful Hardware
Android Open Source Accessory Platform/Arduino Mega - Can be used for interfacing and scripting UART communications.
Bus Pirate - Can be used for interfacing UART or I2C commmunications.
RIFF JTAG - Used to reload bootloaders onto the device.
Device Recovery
These tools will help you out when you're in a jam
Recovery Software
One-Click back-to-stock (Win,Mac,Linux)
One-Click UnBrick (Win,Mac,Linux)
gtg's ultimate unbrick (Windows)
UnBrickable Mod
UnBrickable Mod is a recovery method to reload firmware onto a completely dead device. UBM can be performed relatively cheaply with the only special tool being a soldering iron. It does take precise soldering and therefore may be risky for the average person to try.


text:
DETROIT – Sal Rodriguez is a super motivated individual who loves all things design and photography.
Born and raised in Detroit city Sal finds inspiration in the ruins of a once booming metropolis, and also documents local activity where promise and hope is seen for the cities future. So, pretty much likes to crawl around dirty vacant buildings and hang around all things happening in Detroit.
Being a collector of art and having a design background, Sal has a more artistic take when it comes to photography and his design inspirations come from artist like Shepard Fairey, Dalek, Warhol, and Lichtenstein.
"I like to think of my photography as untraditional, where it is photography infused with an artisitic designer eye," says Rodriguez
WEBSITE: Photo313.com

subset: commoncrawl


text:
On this page:
Obtaining Thunderbird
Thunderbird is available from http://www.mozilla.com/thunderbird/.
Note: For instructions on how to configure Thunderbird to work with Stanford's email service, see Configuring Your Email Program .
Setting up a Newsgroup Account
Note: See Usenet Newsgroups for more information about using newsgroups at Stanford.
- In Thunderbird, go to the Tools menu and click Account Settings. Then, click the Add Account button.
- Select the Newsgroup account option and then click Next.
- Enter your name as you want it to appear in the From field and your email address. Then, click Next to continue.
- For the name of the Newsgroup Server, enter usenet.stanford.edu and then click Next.
- Enter a name for your newsgroup account and then click Next. (The default is the name of your news server.)
- Click Finish to save your settings and exist the Account Wizard.
- Under the name of your news account, click Server Settings. Check the following boxes:
- Use Secure Connection (SSL): checked
- Always request authentication when connecting to this server: checked
- Click OK to close the Accounts Settings dialog box.
Subscribing to Newsgroups
- Click the name of your newsgroup account on the left side of the Thunderbird main window. Then, in the Newsgroups section of the window, click Manage newsgroup subscriptions.
- If an error message is displayed, click OK to continue.
- Enter your SUNet ID at the prompt and then click OK.
- Enter your SUNet ID password and then click OK.
- To subscribe to a newsgroup, select the newsgroup and then click Subscribe.
Note: You may need to click the "+" to see all the newsgroups.
- When you have finished subscribing to newsgroups, click OK.
Reading and Posting to a Newsgroup
Note: Thunderbird email and newsgroup accounts require separate logins. If you are not already logged into the news server you will be prompted to do so.
- Double-click the name of your newsgroup account on the left side of the Thunderbird main window to show the newsgroups to which you are currently subscribed.
- Click a newsgroup to see the messages it contains. Click the message you want to read. (Double-click the message if you want it to open in a separate window.)
Note: When you are reading posts, you may have to click the "+" to see all of the replies.
- To create a new post to the selected newsgroup, click the Write button on the tool bar.
- To reply to a particular post, select the message and then click the Reply button on the tool bar.


text:
The President shall appoint a nominating committee from among the members of the board and the committee will be responsible for preparing a slate of nominees for Officers and Directors for the following year.
The Nominating Committee shall present a slate of officers and directors at the Annual General Meeting. The presentation of these nominations shall in no way preclude further nominations from the floor. The slate of nominees should accompany the notice of the meeting sent out in accordance with Article 6.
The Nominating Committee shall strive for broad geographical distribution among the nominees.


text:
Sheinlove Short Sleeve Print Cover Up
As a leading global online retailer, we ship thousands of orders daily all over the world. Just buy and enjoy our great service, we ship direct to customer's address.
Most of items will ship out in 3 working days. Some may take longer if your order includes popular items experiencing stock availability issues, the order can take between 3-7 days to process. Need urgently or other issue, you can get help from our customer service.
Note: In orders with more than one item, the processing time will be based on the item with the longest processing time.
Sheinlove partners with major international shipping companies like DHL, UPS, FedEx, IB, and EMS to offer two shipping methods:
1. Expedited Shipping: Estimated 3-7 working days. Note: shipping to remote areas/regions usually takes a longer time.
We ship by DHL/UPS/IB/Fedex or other expedited shipping methods depending on customer's location.
Kindly remind: Expedited shipping method is not available to P.O. Box addresses.
2. Flat Rate Shipping: Estimated 10-15 working days.
For Flat rate shipping method we offer free shipping.
Shipping times will be affected during public holidays, manufacturers and couriers will limit their operations at these times. This is outside our control. Normal service resumes immediately after each holiday.
Email: email@example.com
Adress: 4th Floor, Building 2, NO.999, Jiangyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, China.
Tel: 86-17301192901
For instant help, reach us via Live Chat.
For issues concerning orders and purchase, please contact: email@example.com
Please ensure your account email is correct so that you will receive an order confirmation with order number after placing an order successfully.
Please check out your email carefully. If still not, pay attention to your spam and remove our email out of black list.
- Sheinlove Short Sleeve Print Cover Up
- Short sleeve
- Skin friendly
- Fabric: cotton
- Free shipping!
- Size:One size


text:
About Us
The management team at Specialist Coatings (GB) Limited has been actively engaged in anti-corrosion surface protection for over thirty five years, specialising in internal tank lining solutions. We operate globally and support a host of companies from a diverse range of sectors, including chemical plants, hotels, oil refineries, tank farms, schools, breweries, wineries, tanneries, water and effluent treatment plants, maritime and offshore facilities. We have completed projects throughout the UK, South Africa, Zambia, Nigeria, The Seychelles, Australasia, Central and Western Europe, the North Sea and the Far East.
Experience gained over many years of working with difficult and unusual tank lining applications led to Specialist Coatings developing a specialised service solution for the lining and sealing of tanks, including those considered too old to be repaired. By adding an impervious neutral barrier to the internal surfaces of bulk storage tanks, we are able to ensure the purity and safe containment of your product.
We have the expert knowledge and technical capabilities to extend the practical working life
of existing tanks by many years and at a fraction of the cost of complete replacement.
For total peace of mind, we maintain exacting standards, use the right materials and tools for the job, and test the results until we are fully satisfied.
In our throwaway society far too often, older tanks are discarded when in reality they can delivery effective service for many years to come.
We have revitalised many tanks which would have otherwise been dismantled and destroyed needlessly, with all the cost, hassle and financial implications of removing the old tank and installing the new one.
At Specialist Coatings we repair and restore old corroded tanks with our solvent free technology, to further the life of the tanks by 5 to 25 + years depending on the system used and our customer's requirements. In our many years of experience we have refurbished tanks in every conceivable condition of corrosion and decay with many problems, but we always work with the customer to find the most cost effective solution.
We pride ourselves on our longevity within the industry, and our commitment to restoring corroded and neglected tanks nationally and internationally.
Our company has grown rapidly in recent years and our wide range of services include the recommendation and supply of specialised paints and coating materials, the installation of our range of applications and the provision of site management and supervisor inspection teams. Our services are available as a single turn-key operation or on a consultancy basis, including the specification of suitable lining, coating and flooring materials, surface preparation and product application, and quality control. We also offer an inspection and testing service on behalf of clients for work carried out by other coating contractors.
In addition to installing our technically advanced tank coating and lining applications, we can supply a range of resin materials and repair kits. Our materials can be purchased directly and are suitable for both commercial and domestic tank lining and other projects.


text:
Place Category: Parks and Playgrounds
Bowed by the weight of centuries he leans
Upon his hoe and gazes on the ground,
The emptiness of ages in his face,
And on his back, the burden of the world.
Edwin Markham,"The Man with the Hoe"
Political poet and Staten Island resident Edwin Markham (1852-1940) was born Charles Edward Anson Markham on April 22, 1852 in Oregon City, Oregon to Elizabeth Winchell and Samuel Markham. He was descended from William Brewster (c.1566-1644), a leader of the Mayflower Expedition and Reverend-Elder of the Pilgrim's Church at Plymouth, Massachusetts. When his father died, Markham, age five, moved with his mother to California. There he attended school and worked as a farm laborer until he began studying at California College in 1868. In 1872, Markham became a teacher in the San Francisco school system, then a principal. It was as a teacher, Markham later said, that he developed a social conscience.
"I have chosen not to speak the pleasant but the truth," he wrote. Over the course of his life, Markham would write and speak out against child labor, advocate on behalf of impoverished Jews in Eastern Europe, and press for the creation of the state of Israel. Markham served as the principal of a school in Hayward, California, later becoming headmaster of the Tompkins Observation School of the University of California, a position he held for approximately ten years.
In 1899, Markham received notoriety when the San Francisco Examiner published "The Man with the Hoe," a poem inspired by Jean-François Millet's (1814-1875) painting, L'homme à la houe(1863). The painting depicts a farmer working the earth with a hoe in hand. Some criticized the poem as a radical work of socialism, but more praised it for its humanity. Shortly after the publishing of his poem, Markham relocated to New York City with his third wife and fellow writer, Anna Catherine Murphy.
The couple settled on Staten Island in 1909 at 92 Waters Avenue in Westerleigh, which was then known as Prohibition Park for its distinction as the headquarters of the National Prohibition Party. True to the ideals of his chosen community, Markham himself did not drink, and also refused electricity and telephones in his home. He chose to furnish the rooms with books, in such great numbers and unruly piles that it is said his wife sometimes formed them into tables and ate off of them. The Markham home attracted literary giants from around the city to salon-style gatherings on the first Sunday of each month. So important were these gatherings, that Markham scheduled his national speaking tours so that they would not interfere. He and his wife received such notables as Upton Sinclair (1878-1968), John Burroughs (1837-1921), and Kahlil Gibran (1833-1931). Markham also co-founded The Poetry Society of America with Ed Wheeler (1859-1922) in 1910.
When he died of pneumonia in March 1940, Markham left 15,000 books and 10,000 letters to the library of Wagner College. He was survived by his son, Virgil Markham (1899-1973), also a writer. A recipient of international awards and the author of several books, Edwin Markham urged readers to "come let us live the poetry that we sing." Markham Junior High School, Markham Houses, and Markham Gardens are all named in his memory.
In 1947, the City of New York acquired the land for Markham Playground, bounded by Willow Road East, Houston Street, Forest Avenue, and the Martin Luther King Expressway, in connection with a proposed project to build a Brooklyn-Richmond Freight and Passenger Tunnel. Markham Intermediate School was built in 1959. The playground opened in 1962 as J.H.S. 51 Playground. In 1985, Commissioner Stern renamed it Markham Playground. The playground is jointly operated by Parks and the Board of Education.
Markham Playground's facilities include benches and a red brick comfort station, basketball, handball, and bocce ball courts, a baseball diamond, and game tables. Play units and swings are designed for juniors and toddlers, with safety surfacing beneath them. Cobblestone treepits and old-fashioned streetlamps recall architectural elements of the past. The playground is enjoyed by students at the Edwin Markham School and members of the surrounding neighborhood.
- Markham Playground
Staten Island
New York
United States
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text: Packages range from $275 to $375 including a variety of events that you don't want to miss. The Fifth Annual Civil Rights Game promises to be the best one yet. Buy your tickets now. Net proceeds from CRG-related events will be donated to the Washington, DC Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project Foundation.


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Fossils are one of the most immediately recognisable aspects of geology, but in spite of this, their value as a geological tool is less widely appreciated amongst non-geologists.
The occurrence and distribution of fossils provides fundamental information about the age of sedimentary rocks and clues to the environment in which they were formed. Fossil data can show how different sedimentary rock successions in different regions are related, and can be used to identify particular geological units. This geological usefulness has ensured that Biostratigraphy and Palaeontology remain central to many areas of work within BGS, including:
Fossil data also helps to answer globally important questions about
the impact of current changes to climate and environments.
At BGS our work focuses on the applied aspects of palaeontology –
Biostratigraphy - using fossils to date and correlate rock
Palaeoecology - using fossils to understand the environments in which rocks were formed
Palaeogeography - using fossils to understand the past distribution of landmasses and oceans


text:
Sony Ericsson LiveView
The Sony Ericsson LiveView uses Bluetooth connectivity to wirelessly pair up to a compatible handset and allows consumers to control the phone without taking it out of their pocket or handbag. Read text messages, see incoming calls and keep up to date with the latest news on Facebook and Twitter.
Tags: bluetooth, sony ericsson
Product Specification
No Specifications available for this product!


text:
Global utilities:
Audience menu for:
Section: Offices & Departments | Back
Offices & Departments menu:
This page contains answers to the most frequently asked questions.
Should I use Owlnet or SOLAR?
If you are a non-credit student you must use SOLAR. If you are a credit student that has attended in 2007 or later, you should use OwlNet. SOLAR is used for credit students who last attended prior to 2007 and all non-credit students.
Does my OwlNet username and password work for my email account?
After you set-up your account, your OwlNet username and password is the same for your Owlmail, and network accounts. If you need to access your SOLAR account, which uses a different security system with a different user name and password, please contact Registration and Records.
What is my email and network username?
Your username depends on when you were first registered for classes. If you registered for your first class in the Summer 2008 semester, then your username is made up of the first character of your first name, followed by your entire last name, followed by a number. The number is different for each student with similar first and last names (Example: Joe Smith could be jsmith5). Unfortunately the number is impossible to predict, so you will need to refer to your admissions letter to get your exact account name. If you registered for your first class at HCC before the Summer 2008 semester, then your username is made up of the first character of your first name followed by the first two characters of your last name, then by your birth month and day with two digits each, followed by the letter "a". For example, if your name was Joe Smith and your birthday was 01/03/1980, then your username would be JSm0103a. Please note: in the event that multiple students have the same usernames the additional accounts will have letters other than a on the end to distinguish the accounts (ex. JSm0103b ).
What is my email address?
Your email address starts with your username, and ends with @owlmail.harford.edu. For example, if your username is jsmith5 then your email address will be email@example.com
The very first time I log in, what is my email and network password?
This depends on your account username. If your username uses the format: jsmith5, your password is your 6-digit birthdate: mmddyy If your username uses the format: jsm0103a, your password will be the last six digits of your social security number.
How do I set up my email and network account?
Use the Account Setup Wizard to guide you through the steps of account creation. Once you have gone through this process you will be able to use your account to log into OwlNet and the HCC network.
I have forgotten my email and network password. How do I reset it?
If you created a security question when you set up your account, you can reset it using the Reset Password page. If you can successfully answer the security question, you will be able to reset your password online. However, if you did not set up your security question, or if you have forgotten the answer to your security question, then you will have to contact the Help Desk 443-412-2477 opt 3.
If I am having trouble, how can I get assistance?
You can contact the Help Desk 443-412-2477 opt 3, or you can also email email@example.com.
Join the conversation
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Bel Air, MD 21015-1627
(443) 412-2000
Public Safety:
Online | 443-412-2272
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All rights reserved.


text:
Food Club
128 fl oz (1 GAL) 3.78L
Product formulation and packaging may change at any time. Please refer to your product label for the most accurate nutrition, ingredient, allergen and other product information.
Information updated on 1/15/2020 by Food Club
Distributed By TOPCO ASSOCIATES LLC ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007


text:
Thanks to a
Weak Week 4 slate that featured just one matchup pitting ranked teams, and every other ranked team that played coming away with a win, we were searching for some type of angle for this weekend's release of the USA Today coaches' poll.
Thanks to Alabama's sluggish victory, we've found one. Barely.
As expected, the Top 10 of the coaches' poll remained nearly the same as after Week 3, with every team with the exception Louisville and LSU remaining where they were a week ago. The Cardinals dropped from No. 6 to No. 7 despite a 72-point win, while the Tigers replaced the UofL on the strength of an impressive win over previously-unbeaten Auburn.
While Alabama remained No. 1, they did see their lead over No. 2 Oregon erode ever so slightly. The Tide received "just" 59 first-place votes, down from 61 seven days ago. The Ducks picked up those two first-place votes and now have earned the top spot according to three coaches. UA and UO are the only teams to receive first-place votes this week.
The swap of first-place votes helped the Ducks cut the Tide's points lead from 72 to 67.
Michigan, meanwhile, continue to tumble in spite of maintaining an unblemished record. Following a narrow Week 3 escape against woeful Akron, the Wolverines dropped from No. 12 to No. 14. Following a three-point win against winless UConn last night, UM moved down three more spots to No. 17.
The only other teams to move up or down more than two spots this week were Miami (from No. 17 to No. 15) and Fresno State (No. 25 to No. 23).
Arizona State (then-No. 23) and Michigan State (No. 24) fell out of the Top 25, replaced by Wisconsin (No. 24) and Texas Tech (No. 25).


text:
This article first appeared in the February 1997 issue of the Journal of Online Genealogy
Many in the online genealogy community are taking the GEDCOM output of their favorite genealogy software programs and converting it into HTML pages for display on the World Wide Web. This article reviews the use of the GED2HTML software program for converting GEDCOMs to HTML web pages.
One of the best ways to use the World Wide Web for genealogy is to put up your personal research information on a web site. By creating an "electronic billboard" for other online genealogists so see, you increase your opportunities for others who are researching your same lines to contact you. Twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, a web site displaying your research is available on the Internet for other genealogists to view, study, and hopefully recognize some common surnames.
Since putting your research on a web site is a basic strategy in online genealogy, a wealth of tools have been developed to help you accomplish the task. The vast majority of genealogists use computer software programs to store & organize their research and most of the programs we use will create output in one of the versions of the GEDCOM (GEnealogical Data COMmunication) standard format. The GEDCOM standard allows one brand of genealogy software, say Reunion, to successfully share information with another brand of genealogy software, say Family Tree Maker. GEDCOM files are commonly traded amongst genealogists as both e-mail attachments or on floppy disk.
The development of software which transforms these pre-existing GEDCOM files into HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) for display on the World Wide Web was a natural next step. Web pages are documents coded in HTML which a web browser interprets and displays according to the HTML code's instructions. Once converted to HTML, the genealogical research represented by your GEDCOM can be uploaded to a web server for the entire online genealogy community to admire.
This article will examine the features of the GED2HTML program which was used by the author to convert his GEDCOM files to HTML pages. In addition, the GEDClean utility program which assists in the conversion process will be discussed. The URLs to other GEDCOM to HTML conversion programs are also listed at the end of this article.
Perhaps the most popular software for converting GEDCOM files to HTML pages is Gene Stark's GED2HTML: A GEDCOM to HTML Translator (http://www.gendex.com/ged2html/). Gene released Version 3.0 in early February of this year and it includes versions for Windows 95, Windows 3.1, and UNIX operating systems. A version for the Macintosh, called Sparrowhawk, is also available (http://www.tjp.washington.edu/bdm/genealogy/sparrowhawk.html). Sparrowhawk is based on the previous Version 2.5 of GED2HTML.
GED2HTML is a shareware program. Unregistered demonstration copies can be downloaded from the GED2HTML web site. The demonstration version is limited in its functionality in several ways including not working on GEDCOM files containing more than 5,000 individuals. The demonstration copy will also place an UNREGISTERED message at the bottom of every HTML page it creates. The demonstration version is available for evaluation period of fourteen days.
If you wish to purchase the full version of GED2HTML, the price is a very reasonable US$20 with several payment methods available. Registered owners receive via e-mail the appropriate codes to directly download the full version directly from the GED2HTML web site. Shareware distribution of software works on the honor system. Then next time you view an online genealogist's GEDCOM on a web site and see that they are using an UNREGISTERED version of GED2HTML, send them to the GED2HTML Registration page (http://www.gendex.com/ged2html/3.0/registering.html) and tell them to do the right thing by paying for the software they use.
The GED2HTML web site contains all the instructions & help you might need to download, register, and install the software. In addition, the web site provides complete online instructions and help for the use of the software. A careful reading of the various instruction pages is essential for successfully using this software. Version 3.0 has many new features and options including support for the GEDCOM standard version 5.5, non-English character sets, and many new customization options. I found that reading through the entire web site made for a smooth conversion process when I went to use GED2HTML.
Once you've registered and installed the full version of GED2HTML, you may begin the process of converting your GEDCOM file. The first necessary step is to export a GEDCOM formatted file from the genealogy software program that you use. The GED2HTML software is not used is this part of the process as the GEDCOM being created is used in a latter step as input to GED2HTML. You should study your genealogy software's instructions carefully to determine the best method for creating a GEDCOM file. All genealogy software programs differ on how they create a GEDCOM so read your manual or help files for the proper method.
Personally, I found the creation of my GEDCOM file to be the most troublesome part of the conversion process. I blame this on my genealogy software's poor instructions and non-intuitive options. I eventually determined that while Gene Stark's GED2HTML was advanced enough to support GEDCOM standard release 5.5, my commercial genealogy software program only supported up to GEDCOM draft release 5.0. This meant that I was not able to benefit from the additional features of the latest GEDCOM standard due to my choice of genealogy software. Hopefully the commercial software I use will catch up with the more advanced GED2HTML in the near future.
With a GEDCOM file in hand, it is time to consider whether you really want to share EVERYTHING in your family history research with all of us on the Internet.
Putting your living relatives' personal information on a web page is a bad idea. Scam artists and others might use these personal details to commit fraud either against your living relatives or use their details to impersonate them. Often banks and other institutions use mothers' maiden names to identify their customers. For these reasons, putting online the personal details of anyone who is still alive, including their mother's maiden name, is simply not safe.
One of the pages on the GED2HTML web site suggests that you may not wish to include details of living individuals in your GED2HTML output. The instructions say that you can either manually edit your GEDCOM file to remove these individuals or their details or you can use your own genealogy software program to flag these folks as living. My genealogy software program did not provide me with such a flag feature so I had to investigate alternatives.
The freeware program GEDClean offers a partial solution to this problem. Available at the GEDClean Home Page (http://www.raynorshyn.com/gedclean/), this simple to use software will remove personal details of living individuals and replace the details with a note stating "Living Individual - Details withheld". GEDClean allows you to easily build a list of living individuals. First it considers an individual to be deceased if there is any sort of data in their DEAT (death) field in the GEDCOM file. Secondly, GEDClean will assume anyone born over 100 years ago is no longer living but you can alter this number of years to suit your own preferences. You can either create a file of known living individuals manually, use your GEDCOM's existing !ALIVE notes, or let GEDClean step you through who may still be living. Any suspected living individual is displayed by GEDClean for you to indicate your wish to include or exclude their details from your GEDCOM file.
GEDClean is a step in the right direction for personal privacy. However, such privacy protection is at best a minimum effort for the considerate online genealogist. GEDClean does nothing to address the problem of exposing living relatives' mothers' maiden names on the World Wide Web. In order to reduce this exposure, I believe that manually editing either your GEDCOM file or the output of GED2HTML to COMPLETELY REMOVE any living relatives is essential. Where these individuals have been eliminated, simply replace their names with generic titles such as mother, father, grandfather, grandmother, uncle, aunt, etc. A mother's maiden name can be displayed so long as the identities of the mother's living children are not revealed.
GED2HTML is quite simple to run. To get your GEDCOM in a standard form of output from GED2HTML, all that is required is that you specify the GEDCOM file's name and press the OK button. If you want to modify the standard output, there are a multitude of options which effect how its output is generated.
Options include using a template file to control output, specifying the output destination directory, and appending your home page URL & e-mail address to every page created. This last option is essential in my opinion. The whole point of using this software is to help others with similar research interests make contact with you. Make it as simple for your web site visitor to contact you as possible - put your e-mail address at the bottom of each page. Additional output options can control the number of individuals, notes, or links placed on a page, the number of sub-directories generated, how many generations to include on the pedigree charts, and much more.
If you choose the standard output options, you will get two basic types of output pages - individual pages & index pages. Both types of pages will be completely formatted for display on the World Wide Web. An example of GED2HTML's standard output may be found beginning with an Index of Persons. These pages were created using a small GEDCOM file of only 15 individuals representing only the direct ancestors of one of my great grandfathers (note that by working backward in time from my great grandfather, I have avoided the problem of placing living individuals' personal details on the Internet). An individual page, such as that for John ARIS, lists the individual ancestor's name, links to their parents, spouses, & children, a pedigree chart for that ancestor and a link to notes on that individual. Notice how GED2HTML automatically links family members together using hypertext links. Basically, the software is doing all the web site organization and co-ordination of links for you automatically.
Index pages provide organized links to the individual pages. Standard output includes surnames, persons, and notes pages. The surnames page contains a listing of all your individual surnames with links to their appearance on the index of persons files. The persons page contains an alphabetical index of all individuals listed by surname with links to their individual pages. The notes page contains all notes for your entire GEDCOM file. Each note is numbered and the individual pages are linked to these numbered notes.
The above section showed what was possible using standard output from GED2HTML. While usable, the standard output begs to be edited into a more visitor-friendly form.
I took the same small GEDCOM file and selected some different options for its conversion by GED2HTML. The GED2HTML web site has excellent instructions on how to customize the output from GED2HTML. You may have noticed on the standard output pages that GED2HTML will combine multiple individuals on a single individual page. I reset this option to allow only a single individual on each individual page. In addition, I changed the pedigree depth option to show 5 generations instead of the default two. This allowed me to display the entire direct ancestor line from my great grandfather to my 5th great grandparents as shown on the individual page for Albert Ernest ARIS.
I then took the resulting output from GED2HTML and manually edited the HTML pages. It's easy to edit HTML pages using a word processor so long as you save the resulting documents in text-only or ASCII format. Think of the GED2HTML output as clay which you can then sculpt into any form you desire. You're really only limited by your own imagination.
I added more meaningful titles to the pages, especially for the surnames and persons pages. I added line breaks and extra spacing to make pages more readable. Each page was given the same background and default font colors to match my pre-existing web pages. Text was added to better describe links back to the surnames page, my main page, and my e-mail address. Remember that anything you do to help visitors contact you more easily is essential. I removed the pedigree charts on some individual pages where only two generations were shown. As a matter of personal preference, I moved each individuals' notes off of the single notes page and on to their individual page. I wanted to see all the information on a single individual on a single page.
The manual edits I made certainly change the look & feel of my GED2HTML-generated web pages. I think that the changes also improve their usability. Only a handful of modifications were made - there are many more ways to improve web pages. For more ideas on how you can create and edit HTML pages for genealogy, visit Cyndi's Genealogy Home Page Construction Kit (http://www.CyndisList.com/construc.htm). It has a wealth of "how to" ideas and links to many different tools for web page construction and re-modeling.
The final step in the process of converting your GEDCOM file to web pages is the uploading of the web pages to your Internet Service Provider's web server. Gene Stark has provided a strategy & troubleshooting page for uploading the output of GED2HTML to a web server (http://www.gendex.com/ged2html/3.0/uploading.html). His page covers the most common trouble points you will encounter in this final process of getting your GED2HTML output up on the Internet. I did have a spot of bother with the upload process and found that I had to rename all the files generated by GED2HTML from the .html extension to the .htm extension in order to get them to work with my FTP (File Transfer Protocol) program. I also found that I had the common problem with the links inside my web pages being in both upper and lower case. These links did not work since the correct file names for my web pages were all lower case on my server. After quickly correcting these hiccups with my word processor's Find/Replace feature, the pages displayed as expected.
While one of the most popular, GED2HTML is certainly not the only software which will convert GEDCOM files to HTML pages. Leslie Howard's GEDWWW GEDCOM converter (http://pw2.netcom.com/~lhoward/ged2www.html) is a similar freeware program for DOS and UNIX. GEDWWW allows for basic birth/marriage/death information to be displayed with an emphasis on keeping the file size of the resulting pages small to minimize disk space usage. Links to examples of GEDWWW being used to create online genealogists' web pages can be found on the GEDWWW web site.
Chris Cooper has developed JavaGED as a US$20 shareware Java applet (http://www.sc3.net/JavaGEDHome.html). JavaGED converts your GEDCOM file into a Java-enabled web page. Another Java-based program is webGED: Progenitor (http://www.access.digex.net/~giammot/webged/). webGED has an excellent search feature as shown on its demonstration page but it requires your web site visitors to have Java-enabled browsers. Fortunately, a non-Java surnames list can also be generated as well. This software which originally was distributed as freeware is expected to become shareware in early March.
Nicholas & Deborah Oughtibridge's uFTi is a GEDCOM to HTML converter for Windows 3.1, Windows 95, and Windows NT (http://www.ufti.demon.co.uk/homepage.htm). This program is available as freeware on the condition that you do not alter the output of the program. Since this is an extremely limiting condition, the program is also available as shareware with no such condition for US$20 or £10GBP. uFTi version 1.3 generates web pages which utilized frames. Remember however that not all of your visitors' browsers will be frames-compatible - see the article Frames: Friend or Foe? (http://www.oz.net/~markhow/writing/frames.htm). Examples of genealogy web sites generated by uFTi can be found at their users' page.
Of course, if you don't want to take on the challenge of converting your GEDCOM file to web pages on your own, there are services available which will do the conversion for you. Rayman & Thomas Meservy offer their PafWeb service for a fee (http://rmeservy.byu.edu/). This takes customers' PAF files plus other text and pictures and displays some impressive results as web pages. See the pedigree chart for Raymam Meservy as an example.
Return to Genealogy & Technology Articles by Mark Howells
Return to Mark & Cyndi's Family Tree


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|"You boys smell something in here? Wait, I know what that is; yeah, that's the scent of losers."
|— Tahno to the rest of his team about the Fire Ferrets.[1]
Tahno is a waterbender and captain of the White Falls Wolfbats. He showed disgust toward the Fire Ferrets[1] and led his pro-bending team to a third round knockout victory in the finals, making them reigning tournament champions four years running, despite foul play during the match.[2]
Meeting Avatar Korra
During her date with Bolin at Narook's Seaweed Noodlery, Korra noticed that Tahno and the rest of the Wolfbats, as well as their fangirls, were observing them. Bolin warned Korra not to make eye contact with him, describing him as a "nasty dude". However, she ignored his advice and glared straight at Tahno. Upon seeing this, he stood and gestured for the rest of his posse to follow. He exchanged insults with the Avatar and tried to provoke her, even allowing her "the first shot". Bolin warned her that if she hit him, the Fire Ferrets would be disqualified from the Pro-bending Tournament. Heeding his warning, Korra ended the exchange by calling Naga to intimidate him, which the polar bear dog did with a loud surprise roar from the window. Tahno yelped and reeled backward with fright as the animal roared at him. He attempted to regain whatever dignity he could still muster and signaled for his posse to follow him out.
The Pro-bending Championship
After the Fire Ferrets claimed victory in a thrilling semifinal, Tahno approached them with more insults. The Wolfbats beat the opposing Mo Ce Mongoose Lizards in a surprisingly fast first-round knockout, securing a spot in the tournament's finale. During this "brutal" match, Tahno took out the opposing team's waterbender by putting a hole in the glass of his helmet with a very powerful strike to the head. This player and one other were carried out on stretchers, groaning.[1]
Tahno and the Wolfbats' entrance in the championship match was overly extravagant and highlighted by fireworks and pyrotechnic displays. Tahno and his team very nearly cheated their way to a first round knockout, leaving Korra and Mako hanging from the edge of the arena. However, Korra swung Mako back up onto the ring, keeping the Fire Ferrets in the final. Mako proceeded to knock Tahno back a zone, angering him greatly. Round two was a draw and therefore decided by a one-on-one tie breaker between Tahno and Korra. Tahno goaded Korra into taking the first shot, calling her a "little girl", but was shocked as an unexpected strike to the head knocked him and his helmet out of the center ring. In rounds two and three, an angry Tahno used various illegal moves such as icing and combining earth and water to strike his opponents with powerful illegal head-shots, all of which were ignored by the officials.
After all three Ferrets were in the drink, he and the Wolfbats celebrated their victory, but as they did so, they were surprised to witness the beginning of an Equalist attack. As Amon entered the ring, the Wolfbats decided to fight him and his chi blockers. They were swiftly defeated and Tahno pleaded for Amon to not take his bending away, going so far as to offer him the championship pot. His efforts were ultimately futile as Amon "cleansed" the Wolfbats' "impurity". Afterward, they were thrown in the water and managed to swim to the exit. During his speech, Amon referenced his cheating, calling him and his teammates "bullies who cheated their way to victory" and admonished the crowd for celebrating it.[2]
A changed man
In the aftermath of the attack on the arena, Tahno visited the best healers in Republic City, but none of them could revert what Amon did to him. Tahno, now a broken mess and distraught from having his bending taken away, ran into Korra at the police headquarters just before he was about to be questioned about the events during the tournament. While conversing with Korra, he made her promise that she would get Amon for him. Despite his situation, he still managed to crack a joke at her, albeit good-naturedly, by calling her the "Ah-vatar" before going with Lin Beifong and Tenzin for his interrogation.[3]
Sometime following the end of the Anti-bending Revolution, Tahno's waterbending abilities were restored by Korra and he and his teammates returned to competition. Following the events of the Unalaq Crisis, Tahno and his team participated in a charity pro-bending tournament to help repair damages done to Republic City. The Wolfbats made it to the finals, where they were defeated by their old rivals, the Fire Ferrets.[4]
When Kuvira threatened to take Republic City by force, Tahno ignored the voluntary evacuation request issued by President Raiko and instead retreated to Narook's Seaweed Noodlery with his fangirls and Ming. However, he did react to Prince Wu's plea to evacuate.[5] After the conclusion of the battle, Tahno provided the entertainment during the dinner party of Varrick and Zhu Li's wedding by playing the trombone in a band.[6]
Tahno had a predominantly haughty and arrogant personality. He always enjoyed standing out over others, especially his pro-bending rivals, making sarcastic comments and boasting while in front of them. His arrogant and egotistical side was shown when Korra beat him in a tiebreaker round by using a head-shot water strike; after being knocked back, he told his teammates that they were going to send their opponents "to a watery grave". However, after Amon took his bending away, the bully in him weakened and he became more polite than prior to his ordeal with the Equalist leader.[3] Additionally, after Korra restored his bending, Tahno became more fair in pro-bending.[4]
Tahno has demonstrated himself to be a formidable waterbender, using his abilities to great effect during pro-bending matches. However, it is questionable how skilled Tahno really was, as he repeatedly used illegal tactics and was quickly defeated by Korra in a tie-breaker. Regardless, Tahno also proved to be exceptional with changing the state of water, as he used illegal icing moves in pro-bending matches.[2]
Outside of his bending abilities, he also has considerable musical skills, as he is capable of playing the trombone to a level fitting of playing in a band and entertaining wedding guests.[6]
The Legend of Korra
Book One: Air (气)
- 105. "The Spirit of Competition"
- 106. "And the Winner Is..."
- 107. "The Aftermath"
Book Two: Spirits (神靈)
- 214. "Light in the Dark" (vision, no lines)
Book Four: Balance (平衡)
- 411. "Kuvira's Gambit" (no lines)
- 413. "The Last Stand" (no lines)
- Tahno's image was on the back of the newspaper Korra was reading during breakfast one morning on Air Temple Island.[7]
- Tahno left a surplus of headshots plastered around Republic City, some of which were collected by Korra, and used by the Fire Ferrets as target practice in the gym.[2][8]
- There were posters of Tahno at Narook's Noodlery in the booth where he was sitting.[1]
- Tahno's design is based on top Japanese kickboxer Kizaemon Saiga, known for his flamboyant appearance and "ridiculous antics".[9]
- Tahno's voice actor, Rami Malek, pronounced "Avatar" as IPA:/ɑvətɑr/, as done by another middle eastern actor Shaun Toub in The Last Airbender movie. It is also a nod to the Sanskrit pronunciation of the word 'Avatar'.
- Tahno has very pale skin, despite it being common for people of Water Tribe descent to have darker skin.


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The famed Headhunters jazz/fusion/funk band (once-backing members for Herbie Hancock), are recording with singer and hip/spoken word artist, Tony Adamo in October. Rob Dixon and Gary Mielke, the co-producers of the Headhunters new CD, PLATINUM on Indianapolis based label Owl Studios, along with legendary funk drummer and Headhunters member Mike Clark, will co-produce Adamo's new CD. Clark, who has played on two of Adamo's previous releases, STRAIGHT UP DEAL and WHAT IS HIP? has added master percussionist and long time Headhunter member, Bill Summers to record new tracks for Adamo's CD.
This won't be the first time the Headhunters have brought some kool struttin' and soul funkin' to Adamo's music. On his "WHAT IS HIP? CD, Mike Clark (drums), Bill Summers (percussion) and new Headhunter, Richie Goods (bass) cooked up a new soul groove for Adamo's retooling of the Tower of Power hit, "What is Hip?" along with Tower of Power co-founder Stephen "Doc" Kupka. They fused an insatiable groove that is interwoven throughout this funk/jazz/ and hip/spoken word mash up of a song. The funky "Doc's" iconic horn playing will be added to Adamo's new CD at a later date to anchor the horn section headed up by Headhunter member Rob Dixon (soprano/alto/tenor sax and keyboards). Tony Adamo is a Strokeland record artist. Doc Kupka is the founder and owner of Strokeland records.
Associate Artists:
Tower of Power Horns: Stephen "Doc" Kupka, Mic Gillette, Skip Mesquite, Tom Politzer
The Headhunters: Mike Clark, Paul Jackson, BlackByrd McKnight, Rob Dixon, Gary Mielke, Bill Summers, Richie Goods
Jazz Greats: Eddie Henderson, Ernie Watts, Steve Gadd, James Gadson, Kenneth Nash, Neil Larsen, Freddie Washington


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ST. BONAVENTURE, N.Y. — Leanna Chojnacki had the rare opportunity last week to personally thank donors for the many opportunities their scholarship money has funded. The senior honor student from Eden was the student speaker at St. Bonaventure University's 2013 Barbara Carr McKee Scholarship Luncheon.
Chojnacki, a political science and international studies major with a double minor in history and law and society, thanked "those who have donated the gift of education … for giving me the means that I needed to become extraordinary." She detailed her transformation from a shy 17-year-old to a confident, soon-to-be college graduate.
During her academic career, Chojnacki served as secretary general of the Model United Nations, organized a 200-person Model UN high school conference, and volunteered with numerous organizations such as AmeriCorps and BonaResponds.
The ninth annual scholarship luncheon offered a unique opportunity for St. Bonaventure University donors to witness the culmination of a year of hard work by deserving scholarship recipients.
This year's luncheon, held April 26 in the Robert R. Jones Board of Trustees Room in Doyle Hall, featured 18 student showcases displaying special projects completed throughout the academic year.
Marianne Letro Laine, '68, L.H.D., provided the keynote address. A longtime supporter of St. Bonaventure, Laine was named the inaugural chair of the Guild for the Regina A. Quick Center for the Arts in 2004 and remains its chair today. As a result of her commitment to the Quick Arts Center, the West Gallery was renamed the Marianne Letro Laine Gallery in May 2010. She aids in funding exhibitions, arts education and other Quick Center projects. She and her husband, Erick, endowed the Mrs. Mary A. Letro Memorial Scholarship in 2011 and the Joseph A. LoSchiavo Endowment for Exhibitions in 2012. They also support the Barbara Carr McKee Endowed Scholarship and the Dr. Boyd A. Litzinger Memorial Scholarship.
Laine urged students to "always remember the wonderful honor you've been given." She reminded the students in attendance that they too could endow a scholarship and "pay it forward" to help ensure that future students are able to pursue their own passions as well.
During the 2012-2013 academic year, 435 students were awarded scholarships. Those at the luncheon represented some of St. Bonaventure's most academically impressive and socially conscious students. The assistance of scholarships allows students to pursue a high-quality education and give back to their communities.
People interested in creating an endowed scholarship or establishing an annual award should contact Kathleen Ryan, director of scholarships and endowments, by phone at (716) 375-2308 or by email at email@example.com.
About the University: As a leading Catholic Franciscan University, St. Bonaventure University cultivates graduates who are confident and creative communicators, collaborative leaders and team members, and innovative problem solvers who are respectful of themselves, others, and the diverse world around them. We are establishing pathways to internships, graduate schools and careers. Our students are becoming extraordinary.
Application forms, procedures and additional information
There are many ways to experience
St. Bonaventure for yourself
Learn more about the programs that interest you


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Nutrition Label Guide
Serving Size
This defines what a single serving is for the product. All of the remaining information in the Nutrition Facts Panel (calories and nutrients) is based on the serving size. If you eat more than one serving, you're also getting more of the other items on the label. This is especially important to consider when you're counting calories or watching fat intake.
This is the number of calories in a single serving. If you eat more than one serving, you're eating more calories. Calories represent the energy we get from food. We need a certain amount every day, but eating more than your body needs in a day can result in weight gain.
Percent Daily Value
The FDA recommends specific amounts of certain nutrients each day. Use % DV to see what and how much you're getting from what you're eating. It can help you to track, raise or lower your intake of particular nutrients as needed. You can also use % DV to compare similar foods and determine which is more nutritious for you.
Saturated and trans fats are the "bad guys," so look for foods that contain little or none. Both polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats are the "good guys" when eaten in moderation. With regard to trans fat, a food can list 0 grams trans fat if it has less than 0.5 grams per serving, which can still add up if you're eating more than one serving. Also, be sure to check the ingredient list for hydrogenated fats and oils.
Less is better with sodium. It can raise blood pressure, contribute to bloating and may even leach calcium from the bones. The FDA recommends limiting your sodium to 2,400 milligrams, based on a 2,000 calorie/day diet.
Total Carbohydrate
This number encompasses dietary fiber and sugars. Carbs are the body's main energy source.


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Richard Brake and Clive Russell have both been added to the cast of the upcoming Thor: The Dark World, Deadline reports. They join Chris Hemsworth, Natalie Portman, Tom Hiddleston, Jaimie Alexander, Idris Elba, Zachary Levi, Stellan Skarsgard, Christopher Eccleston, Kat Dennings and Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje in the Alan Taylor film.
Brake is well-known to comic book fans for playing Joe Chill in Christopher Nolan's Batman Begins. In the Marvel Universe, he'll play a Captain in the Einherjar, an army of elite warriors assembled by Odin to protect Asgard. Russell, meanwhile, is soon set to star on "Game of Thrones" and, in Thor, will play Tyr, the God of War. Another son of Odin, Tyr, in the comics, was the defender of Asgard before Thor took his place and harbors some jealously towards his brother.
Thor: The Dark World is set for release on November 8, 2013.


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AMD media processor chosen to power LG handset
Press release, September 9; Joseph Tsai, DIGITIMES
AMD has announced that the AMD Imageon M180 media processor is powering the the new LG KC550 mobile phone. AMD's processor technology helps enable LG to deliver the latest multimedia features that consumers demand, said the chipmaker.
The LG KC550 includes features not typically found on mobile phones in its price range, such as the 5-megapixel camera with Schneider-Kreuznach auto focus lens, an image stabilizer and video capture resolution up to 720×480 pixels at 30 frames per second, according the company. The LG KC550 is currently available in Europe.


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What Sanjar Sohail Understands.
The year 2012 was the deadliest for journalists since Reporters Without Borders released its first global year-end roundup in 1995. Here's the silver lining: Hasht-e Sobh (8 AM), Afghanistan's fearless liberal daily, is still alive. Hasht-e Sobh's publisher and senior editor, Sanjar Sohail, is a pal of mine, I'm proud to say. Sanjar's award and the broader context was the subject of my Ottawa Citizen column this week. I see Atlantic Wire has picked it for its Five Best Friday Columns list.
Here's how bad 2012 was: Around the world, 88 journalists were killed, six "fixers" were killed, 47 "citizen journalists" were killed, 879 journalists were arrested, 1,993 journalists were threatened or attacked, 38 journalists were kidnapped, 73 journalists were forced to flee their countries, and 144 bloggers were killed. Syria, Pakistan and Somalia were the deadliest places for journalists. China, Turkey and Iran were the biggest prisons for journalists.
It's important to remember that these stats are just for this year - scores of journalists, poets, human rights activists and bloggers remained in prison during 2012 after having been arrested in 2011 or years before. The Committee to Protect Journalists' tally shows 32 journalists in prison in China, for instance, and 45 journalists are behind bars in Iran.
Speaking or Iran, the Khomeinist regime is now far and away the greatest threat to press freedom in Afghanistan, with gross idiocy in the NATO capitals running a close second. As "western" aid agencies run away from Afghanistan, Tehran is filling the vacuum. More than 300 Afghan journalists lost their jobs this year. All by itself, Pajhwok Afghan News laid off 70 of its 130 journalists. Perhaps a third of Afghanistan's news media are now owned or controlled by Tehran; the Khomeinists now run at least a half-dozen major Afghan television stations, 21 radio stations and dozens of newspapers and magazines.
Nasty paradox: Two days after Sanjar picked up his award in Paris, the Taliban were in town saying things that only the mendacious and stupid will believe. Here's what Sanjar Sohail understands, which most bigshot "western" journalists do not: "Peace talks will not have a result that will benefit the people of Afghanistan or the people of Canada or the United States. The terrorists have an agenda, and it is to keep fighting and keep killing people."
Here's a glimpse of the real world that Sanjar lives in:
A suicide bomber in Pakistan has killed nine people including a provincial government official at a political rally held Saturday by a party that has opposed the Taliban. A mob in southern Pakistan stormed a police station to seize a Muslim man believed to be mentally ill who was accused of burning a copy of Islam's holy book. They beat him to death, and then set his body afire, police said Saturday. Meanwhile, the UN has halted its Pakistan polio vaccination campaign after two more of its workers were shot dead by Taliban gunmen. A woman and her driver have been killed in north-western Pakistan just a day after similar attacks across the country killed five female polio workers. The Taliban say health workers are American spies and the vaccine makes children sterile.


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Want to access your tournament or league from an iPhone, iPad or Android application? You can do so with the Exposure Water Polo Events app, or let us create a branded app for your event or organization. Now your event can be in the palm of everyone's hand not only at the event but nationwide. Email us at email@example.com for details, and check out our sponsor banner advertisement integration.
- Team search
- View schedules
- View standings
- View brackets
- Bracket results
- Receive notifications
- Venue directions
- Team rosters
- View documents
- Sponsors
- Ad banner integration
- Register
Published Apps
- iPhone/iPad - App Store
- Android - Play Store
There are two options for pricing and relate to non-profit or for-profit companies that want a branded app and not use our free default app. For full details read our Apple setup article on why. Both options includes Apple and Android apps.
- For-profit - $200 one time fee plus $99 yearly Apple fee
- Non-profit - $300 one time fee (waives $99 yearly fee)
- Any Update - $50 one time fee (if you have own Apple account)
If you have interest in your own branded app please contact us at email@example.com
All hosted events on Exposure Water Polo Events are automatically available on our free Exposure application. Take your event to the next level by offering an experience everyone won't forget. View games, teams, venues, bracket and much more with the one of a kind iPhone tournament application.
Have a big time tournament with thousands of people that include players, coaches, parents, and fans? Give those people the power to receive live scores, directions, and information about your tournament. With a single event application they can now carry your event in the palm of their hands.
Have an organization and need your users to view all your events on a single application for event dates, schedule times, directions and more? Then the account or organization mobile application may fit your needs. All your events hosted on Exposure Water Polo Events will be available in the palm of their hands.


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Charles Zukoski *85 elected to National Academy of Engineering
Charles F. Zukoski IV, professor of chemical engineering and vice chancellor for research at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, has been elected to the National Academy of Engineering, one of the greatest honors in the engineering field. Zukoski, a former student of Dudley Saville, received his Ph.D. in chemical engineering from Princeton in 1985. He was elected to the academy for "research on the manipulation of particle interactions to alter their suspension properties, and for leadership in education."
For more information see The National Academies news release.


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My Thoughts:
I would recommend this amazing book to anyone who is struggling in their prayer life and they are wanting to become closer to their Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. I liked how Max Lucado wrote in a way that was very practical and easy for readers to comprehend. I liked how he illustrated that when children talk to their father, they use simple language and they don't have to use the most vocabulary words. I learned that prayer can be simple and it doesn't have to be dramatic and I don't have to pray to impress God or anyone else. He wants me to pray what's in my heart and in my mind. Max reminded readers to come to God like a little child and I think this is critical. This book personally couldn't have been written in a better time because we all know the world is in chaos, fear is trying to overwhelm us, and trials are trying to overtake us. Prayer is the key to communicating with God and this book can be a huge benefit to you, if you take its message to heart! If you're looking a book to help you in your prayer life, then read this one!
"I received a review copy of Before Amen from Litfuse for this review."
|About the book:
We all pray . . . some.
We pray to stay sober, centered, or solvent. When the lump is deemed malignant. When the money runs out before the month does. When the marriage is falling apart. We pray.
But wouldn't we like to pray more? Better? Stronger? With more fire, faith, and fervency?
Yet we have kids to feed, bills to pay, deadlines to meet. The calendar pounces on our good intentions like a tiger on a rabbit. And what about our checkered history with prayer? Uncertain words. Unmet expectations. Unanswered requests.
We aren't the first to struggle with prayer. The first followers of Jesus needed prayer guidance too. In fact, prayer is the only tutorial they ever requested.
And Jesus gave them a prayer. Not a lecture on prayer. Not the doctrine of prayer. He gave them a quotable, repeatable, portable prayer. Couldn't we use the same?
In Before Amen best-selling author Max Lucado joins readers on a journey to the very heart of biblical prayer, offering hope for doubts and confidence even for prayer wimps. Distilling prayers in the Bible down to one pocket-sized prayer, Max reminds readers that prayer is not a privilege for the pious nor the art of a chosen few. Prayer is simply a heartfelt conversation between God and his child. Let the conversation begin.
Pre-order a copy of Before Amen by 9/29 and receive a FREE ebook copy of Max's best-selling Second Chances: More Stories of Grace.
Purchase a copy: http://ow.ly/BbwcL
About the author: More than 120 million readers have found comfort in the writings of Max Lucado. He ministers at the Oak Hills Church in San Antonio, Texas, where he lives with his wife, Denalyn, and a sweet but misbehaving mutt, Andy.
What Others Are Saying:
Be sure to enter the Before Amen iPad Mini giveaway. AND if you pre-order a copy of Before Amen by 9/29, you'll receive a FREE ebook copy of Max's best-selling Second Chances: More Stories of Grace.
- An iPad Mini
- Before Amen by Max Lucado


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Oh, so your life is rough? Your stepmom won't buy you an iPhone? What are you going to do, sit at your computer, topless, and cry? And then someone will collect them all into a really unsettling Tumblr? OK, cool.
Web Cam Tears is exactly what it sounds like. Videos of people sobbing, weeping, sniffling, wordlessly, into their grainy low-res webcams. What happened? We don't know. Did they stop crying? We don't know. Why is one woman sitting outside in some sort of shawl and nothing else, upset to the point of tears? We really don't know. The site claims "Webcam Tears is a project about internet exhibitionism and loneliness in an time where your best friend is your screen." It's art, y'all. And truly, if your best friend is your screen, you have ever reason to take your shirt off and weep. [Web Cam Tears via Twitter]


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New 2019-2020 Chrysler, Jeep, Dodge & Ram Dealership in West Palm Beach, FL | Serving Boynton Beach, Pompano Beach & Delray BeachOur dealership has an extensive lineup of new 2019-2020 Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, and Ram vehicles in West Palm Beach, FL. Find that new car, truck, or SUV that you have been searching for at Arrigo Dodge Chrysler Jeep. Use our up-to-date online vehicle inventory to shop for a new Jeep Cherokee, Patriot, Grand Cherokee, Wrangler Unlimited, or Ram 1500 from the comfort of your own home. Please feel free to give us a call at (561)-903-2733 or stop by our West Palm Beach, Florida Chrysler, Jeep, Ram, and Dodge dealership to speak with an automotive sales specialist. We have assisted many Florida residents near Pompano Beach, Boynton Beach, and Delray Beach in finding their perfect new car
More About Buying a New 2019- 2020 Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, or Ram Vehicle in West Palm Beach, Florida.We are excited to offer auto repair to the drivers of Pompano Beach, Delray Beach, and Boynton Beach, FL. Our team of expert mechanics knows the ins and outs of every model that we sell. Whether your vehicle is in need of a new set of brakes, or is due for manufacturer's suggested maintenance, we are ready to serve you. Arrigo Dodge Chrysler Jeep always uses OEM auto parts to ensure long-lasting repairs with every vehicle service we perform.
Contact Information:
Phone: (561)-903-2733
6500 Okeechobee Blvd West Palm Beach, FL 33411
Price includes all costs except for taxes, registration, title, $159.95 electronic reg. filling fee and $799.95 dealer fee. The Arrigo price includes ALL factory incentives. Rebates are subject to change without notice. Prior sales excluded. Dealer installed accessories may increase actual cost. You must finance thru Chrysler Capital for bonus cash. All buyers may not qualify. Dealer not responsible for typographical errors or omissions. See Dealer for details.


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Twitter and Facebook Notifications
TxDOT will continue to use Twitter feeds and Facebook to deliver storm preparedness, road condition and evacuation information to social media users. Follow these for up-to-the-minute transportation news and local traffic information.
Storm-related Twitter hashtags will be provided for an easy way to find important hurricane information.
Be Prepared
The time to be prepared and make evacuation plans is now. Start by reviewing our hurricane evacuation maps below and selecting an evacuation route for you and your family.
Evacuation Routes
Evacuation route maps from the Texas coast, including from Beaumont, Corpus Christi, Houston, Pharr and Yoakum, are available. Guides for traveling major highways in the region during an evacuation are also available. Activated evacuation routes will be reflected in current road conditions or by calling (800) 452-9292.
|Evacuation routes for all districts and routes, from Beaumont to Brownsville.
|Evacuation routes for Beaumont, including Port Arthur.
|Evacuation routes for Corpus Christi, including Aransas Pass and Port Aransas.
|Evacuation routes for Houston, including Harris County and Galveston.
|Evacuation routes for Pharr, including Brownsville, Laredo and McAllen.
|Evacuation routes for Yoakum, including Victoria and Matagorda Bay.
Mandatory Evacuations
If state or local officials order a mandatory evacuation - leave immediately. Be sure your home is secure, and take your pets with you.
Unless you are physically unable to evacuate, we urge you to obey evacuation orders. Remember, the longer you wait, the more likely you are to get stuck in evacuation traffic. If you are elderly or disabled and need evacuation assistance, please call 2-1-1.
Emergency Management Officials
Prepare a Survival Kit
If you believe you will not be evacuating during a hurricane, please prepare a survival kit. Some reasons for not evacuating include:
Traffic Cameras
Weather Reports
During a weather emergency, stay tuned to local news/weather bulletins, and visit the National Weather Service for the latest weather information.
Copyright 2020
Texas Department of Transportation
All Rights Reserved
Privacy & Security Policy
125 East 11th Street • Austin, Texas 78701


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Sporting Kansas City goalkeeper Jimmy Nielsen was voted the 2012 MLS Allstate Goalkeeper of the Year, Major League Soccer announced on Wednesday.
"I'm very proud and thankful to the players and coaches who voted for me but it all comes back to the great season that the whole team had. I'm just a little part of this," Nielsen said. "I think we did an incredible job as a team and like I said before: after the season you get awards when the team is doing well. I think it's well deserved that team is getting all this credit now."
Nielsen, originally from Denmark, played every minute in goal for Sporting Kansas City this season, setting new club records for minutes played (3,060) and games started (34). He started the 2012 MLS All-Star Game and led MLS with 15 shutouts (second most in MLS history) and 18 victories (matching the MLS record in the non-shootout era). His 0.79 goals against average this season became the best in club history, breaking Tony Meola's record set in 2000 with a 0.92 goals against average. His all-time 1.02 goals against average is the lowest in MLS history, ahead of second place Kasey Keller with 1.06.
Video highlights and reaction on winning award
The 35-year-old captain was also named to the 2012 MLS Best XI, alongside teammates Aurelien Collin, Matt Besler and Graham Zusi. Nielsen was named the team's Most Valuable Player for the second consecutive year and was also nominated six times for the 2012 MLS Save of the Week honors and winning the accolade all six times.
"Jimmy [Nielsen] has a great passion for the game. It's evident in his work ethic and his commitment to the team which transpired into him being named captain this year," Sporting Kansas City manager Peter Vermes said. "He is an incredible leader on and off the field and he has helped this team a great deal in the past three years. The way he trains and leads the team were the magic formula to his consistent performances and to him ultimately winning the MLS Allstate Goalkeeper of the Year award."
The White Puma, as fans affectionately call him, quickly became a fan favorite upon signing with Sporting Kansas City from Danish Club Vejle in February of 2010. Nielsen has played 94 regular season games for Sporting and every playoff game in his tenure, recording 32 shutouts in three seasons with a record of 40-28-25 in goal.
Off the field Nielsen has earned the praise of the Kansas City community for his involvement and his kindness. Nielsen is known for helping to cultivate youth talent, regularly taking time out of his day to surprise groups of unsuspecting young soccer players and aid in their training. Nielsen always keeps spare goalie gloves on hand to give to aspiring goalkeepers.
He is the second Kansas City player in club history to be named Allstate Goalkeeper of the Year along with Tony Meola (2000).
Nielsen received more than 70 percent of the media votes, 20 times more than Chivas USA goalkeeper and runner-up Dan Kennedy received. Nielsen also received nearly 50 percent of the club votes and more than a fourth of all player votes (results listed below).
|Player (Club)
|% of Club Votes
|% of Media Votes
|% of Player Votes
|Weighted Total
|Jimmy Nielsen (SKC)
|Dan Kennedy (CHV)
|Michael Gspurning (SEA)
|Nick Rimando (RSL)
|Andy Gruenebaum (CLB)
MLS Allstate Goalkeeper of the Year Winners:
2012: Jimmy Nielsen – Sporting Kansas City
2011: Kasey Keller – Seattle Sounders FC
2010: Donovan Ricketts – LA Galaxy
2009: Zach Thornton – Chivas USA
2008: Jon Busch – Chicago Fire
2007: Brad Guzan – Chivas USA
2006: Troy Perkins – D.C. United
2005: Pat Onstad – San Jose Earthquakes
2004: Joe Cannon – Colorado Rapids
2003: Pat Onstad – San Jose Earthquakes
2002: Joe Cannon – San Jose Earthquakes
2001: Tim Howard – MetroStars
2000: Tony Meola – Kansas City Wizards
1999: Kevin Hartman – Los Angeles Galaxy
1998: Zach Thornton – Chicago Fire
1997: Brad Friedel – Columbus Crew
1996: Mark Dodd – Dallas Burn
Sporting Kansas City Award Winners
MLS Most Valuable Player
Preki (2003, 1997)
Tony Meola (2000)
MLS Scoring Champion
Preki (2003, 1997)
MLS Defender of the Year
Matt Besler (2012)
Jimmy Conrad (2005)
Peter Vermes (2000)
MLS Goalkeeper of the Year
Jimmy Nielsen (2012)
Tony Meola (2000)
MLS Coach of the Year
Bob Gansler (2000)
MLS Rookie of the Year
C.J. Sapong (2011)
MLS Comeback Player of the Year
Eddie Johnson (2007)
Chris Klein (2005, 2002)
Tony Meola (2000)
MLS Fair Play Award
Mark Chung (2002)
MLS W.O.R.K.S. Humanitarian of the Year
Jimmy Conrad (2009)
MLS Best XI
Preki (1996, 1997, 2001, 2003)
Richard Gough (1997)
Mark Chung (1997)
Tony Meola (2000)
Peter Vermes (2000)
Jimmy Conrad (2004, 2005, 2006, 2008)
Kerry Zavagnin (2004)
Jose Burciaga, Jr. (2006)
Jimmy Nielsen (2012)
Aurelien Collin (2012)
Matt Besler (2012)
Graham Zusi (2012)


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| 8.9°C Belfast
Conservative Cabinet member Eric Pickles has attacked five London councils for behaving like Russian president Vladimir Putin over their alleged attempts to drive local newspapers "out of business".
The Communities and Local Government Secretary has given the five Labour-run boroughs a fortnight to defend their actions and to explain why legal proceedings should not be taken against their "propaganda on the rates".
Mr Pickles described the council-published newsletters as "Town Hall Pravdas", a reference to Russian political newspapers associated with the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union.
"It is scandalous that bloggers have been handcuffed for tweeting from council meetings, whilst propaganda on the rates drives the free press out of business. Only Putin would be proud of a record like that," he said.
"Localism needs robust and independent scrutiny by the press and public, and municipal state-produced newspapers suppress that. Town Hall Pravdas not only waste taxpayers' money unnecessarily, they undermine free speech."
Formal letters have been sent to the five councils responsible for Greenwich Time, Hackney Today, the Newham Mag, Waltham Forest News and (Tower Hamlets) East End Life.
The letters are the first in a series of measures Mr Pickles could now take to force them to comply with the Publicity Code for local authorities, part of the new Local Audit and Accountability Act passed in January.
All publicly-funded news sheets now published by local authorities should be objective, limited in frequency and represent value for money.
However, in all five cases, the freesheets were found to have been printed too often, with the Greenwich and Tower Hamlets' papers published at least 50 times a year.
The provisions were strengthened by Parliament after ongoing concerns that a small number of local authorities were breaching the publicity code.
Any council that fails to adhere to these provisions could face a court order requiring compliance.
Mr Pickles said: "I have given written notice to councils most clearly breaching the Publicity Code, noting that Parliament has passed new laws to tackle this abuse. We are prepared to take further action against any council that undermines local democracy - whatever the political colour."
He added: "We have changed the law to protect the free speech of councillors. If councillors and political parties want to campaign and put out political literature, they are very welcome to do so, and it's an important part of our democratic process. But they should be using their own money, rather than taxpayers."
The pressure faced by newspapers in the capital was illustrated recently when publisher Trinity Mirror announced the closure of a free newspaper series in west London, with up to 15 jobs facing possible redundancy.
The Fulham and Hammersmith Chronicle series, which had a free distribution of 45,490 according to the most recent ABC figures, is to be axed at the end of the month.
The company said the series, which also includes the Westminster Chronicle and Kensington and Chelsea Chronicle, had become "unsustainable".
Staff were told the news at a meeting last Friday. According to industry website Hold the Front Page, none of the other Trinity Mirror titles currrently run out of Uxbridge are under threat of closure.
The Fulham and Hammersmith Chronicle staged a long-running battle with Hammersmith and Fulham Council over its fortnightly paper H&F News.
In 2010, the Chronicle launched its Proper Papers Not Propaganda campaign against the council's freesheet, saying it was purposefully misleading residents by looking like an independent newspaper in design, despite being written by spin doctors.
The coalition Government's move to end the dominance of "Town Hall Pravdas" eventually resulted in H&F News ceasing publication in April 2011.
A spokesman for the Royal Borough of Greenwich indicated it intends to defend its publication.
"The council has received notice from the DCLG that, having had regard to the information made available to him, the Secretary of State is proposing to direct the Royal Borough of Greenwich to comply with the Code of Recommended Practice on Local Authority Publicity," the spokesman said.
"The council believes it is compliant with the code and has asked for sight of the 'information' the Secretary of State has based his notice on, in order to rebut it."
The Local Government Association rejected suggestions that council free sheets compete unfairly with local newspapers.
The chairman of the LGA's improvement and innovation board, Peter Fleming said councils actually "subsidise" the local newspaper industry to the tune of £40 million a year due to the legal requirement to publish statutory notices.
"The reality is that local newspaper circulations are on the decline and are not always the best way of reaching residents with key information," he said.
"Council magazines have proved to be the cheapest and most effective way for them to tell people about local services, events and issues. Councils should be free to make decisions based on what works for their communities and on feedback from their residents who, if they are unhappy, can make their feelings known locally.
"We would urge the Government to reform the outdated regulations which require councils to spend taxpayers' money on expensive adverts in local newspapers."


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xcross2121 - Friday 23/07/2010, 05:59
Hey Im trying to get enough clintz thru battle to buy cards for my sentinel deck because i dont have enough credits to use so i can have access to the public and private selling stuff but issue is that my opponets outsmart me and beat me so i cant earn clintz fast at all .So I was hoping someone knew a good strategy or tactic to give me a better edge at the game so i can earn clintz fastr.
yoyomoer_xD - Friday 23/07/2010, 07:07
Imperator - Ks0 gaming
Well... I think the best you can do to earn clintz is to buy credits and then buy a pack at the shop. I would recommend you to buy a full deck pack or 2 new blood packs next week (when the new cards arrive), because if you get one of the rare new cards you'll easily earn over 10000 clintz if you sell it inmediately. Last week, I got dagg in a pack and I easily earned 32000 clintz . Also, buying 2 new bloods you spend less money, because you should easily get 10 credits from missions, so you only need to buy credits once. I hope this helped
yoyomoer_xD - Friday 23/07/2010, 07:34
Imperator - Ks0 gaming
Oh... but now that I read the topic and the description I see that you are asking for strategies xD... well... one of the important things is to try to predict what your opponent will do. Let me explain: if you send a card with high power like carlos your opponent will probably think twice before using pillz on his card. So, you send carlos with just a couple of pillz. This is called bluffing, and it's useful to gain pillz advantage in a match if your opponent tries to defeat your card or to do a little free damage if your opponent doesn't use pillz.
Also, I would recommend that you save your high damaging cards, like zdrone, for the later rounds, because it doesn't matter if your opponent wins all his rounds with low damaging cards, if you send zdrone with fury you can easily win a match. Of course, you should do this if your opponent has low damaging cards or if you have a life advantage over your opponent.
Another advice is that you always go for the KO. I mean, if you have the oportunity to send a high damaging card in the first or second round you should do it, because that way you will have the advantage over your opponent. You can use this advantage to play mindgames with your opponent: you can bluff making your opponent think that you are going for the KO or you can go for an unexpected KO with a card with fury. But you shouldn't always rely on these tactics, because everybody plays in a different way.
Anyway... you should consider buying a pack or 2 :thumbs


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Basquesbăsks [key], people of N Spain and SW France. There are about 2 million Basques in the three Basque provs. and Navarre, Spain; some 250,000 in Labourd, Soule, and Lower Navarre, France; and communities of various sizes in Central and South America and other parts of the world. Many preserve their ancient language, which is unrelated to any other tongue. They have guarded their ancient customs and traditions, although they have played a prominent role in the history of Spain and France.
The origin of the Basques, almost certainly the oldest surviving ethnic group in Europe, has not yet been determined, but they antedate the ancient Iberian tribes of Spain, with which they have been erroneously identified. Genetically and culturally, the Basque population has been relatively isolated and distinct, perhaps since Paleolithic times. Primarily free peasants, shepherds, fishermen, navigators, miners, and metalworkers, the Basques also produced such figures as St. Ignatius of Loyola , St. Francis Xavier , and Francisco de Vitoria.
Sections in this article:
- Introduction
- History
- Bibliography
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Peoples (except New World)


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Cheap winter fun on Long Island
Ah, January, the time when all the gifts have been opened -- and all those bills have poured in. Don't feel like going out and spending a lot of money? How about going out and spending little or no money?
"Nowadays, you say free and people's eyes light up," says Nomi Dayan, director of education at the Cold Spring Harbor Whaling Museum, where visitors can enjoy an all-inclusive admission fee. "We used to charge an additional $8 for events, but it was confusing for the staff and sometimes upsetting for visitors. I think it is a great treat for people to come in and know that everything is included."
And it's not just museums offering deals: Look around, and you'll find discount movies, cheap skating spots and free classes. Here are some places where the budget-conscious can feel at home.
Visit a museum
For $5-$6, visitors have full access to the Cold Spring Harbor Whaling Museum. View all its galleries, experience an audio tour, watch films and take part in special activities. With advance notice, you can even get a guided tour.
Jennifer Ennis, 44, traveled from Middle Island with her husband and two children, a 2-year-old and an infant, for "Rubber Ducky Day," which included rubber duck-related activities, at the museum.
"It was just $12 for the four of us," Ennis says. "My daughter is 2 years old. At that age, you don't know what they'll want to do. So, it is good that they have a lot of crafts. She can try something and move on. And, you get to take something home. I like that."Next up for kids is I Heart Whales at 2:30 p.m. Feb. 10. Kids will learn about blue whales and decorate their own T-shirt with crafts provided by the museum. (Bring a T-shirt and dress to get messy.) Free with museum admission. Reservations are required.
WHEN | WHERE 11 a.m.-5 p.m. Tuesday-Sunday and holiday Mondays, 301 Main St., Cold Spring Harbor
INFO 631-367-3418, cshwhalingmuseum.org
ADMISSION $6 adults ($5 ages 4-18), $19 for a family of six; free to active military daily; free to military family accompanying active military person Memorial Day-Labor Day by donation 11 a.m.-noon Saturday and Sunday
ALSO TRY Flash your Bank of America credit or debit card at select museums for free admission for one person the first full weekend of the month. Participating museums include The Long Island Museum of American, Art, History and Carriages in Stony Brook, the Long Island Children's Museum in Garden City, Vanderbilt Museum and Planetarium in Centerport and Old Westbury Gardens in Old Westbury.Visit museums .bankofamerica.com for a complete list.
See a movie
With adult ticket prices as high as $16 for IMAX films, it's enough to make you stay home with a bag of microwave popcorn. Unless you know where to go.
Tuesday is bargain day at two theaters: At Elwood Cinemas (1950 Jericho Tpke., East Northport, 631-499-7800), where tickets are only $4, you could perhaps afford two movies if you have the time. The Regal Hampton Arts Cinema (2 Brook Rd., 631-288-2600, Westhampton Beach) is $5.For $7 ($9 for 3-D), you can see a movie at National Amusements Island 16 Cinema de Lux (185 Morris Ave., 631-758-9100) in Holtsville. The Bellmore Movies (222 Petit Ave., Bellmore, 516-783-7200) is $5.50. Glen Cove Theatres (5 School St., 516-671-6668, glencovetheatres.com) charges $6. Pay $6.75 ($9.75 for 3-D) at Seaford Cinemas (3951 Merrick Rd., 516-409-8700).
If Wednesday is better for your schedule, visit Malverne Cinemas 4 (350 Hempstead Ave., 516-599-6966), where you'll pay $5.50. Sign up for the email newsletter with Island Cinemas (708 Montauk Hwy., Mastic, 631-657-3297, island-cinemas.com) and get an email coupon each week allowing the purchase of up to five $5 movie tickets.
Take a class
This is the month when gardening magazines and seed catalogs begin showing up in mailboxes. If you're itching to get into the garden, take a free class to sharpen your skills.
WHERE Hicks Nurseries, 100 Jericho Tpke., Westbury
INFO 516-334-0066, hicksnurseries.com
SCHEDULE 11 a.m. Saturday, "Landscape Rescue: Restoring Your Landscape After a Storm"; 11 a.m. Feb. 9: "World of Birds" for children and adults;11 a.m. Feb. 16: "Landscaping for the Birds: Attracting Songbirds to Your Yard"; 3 p.m. Feb. 16: "Impatients Are the Problem: We have the Solution" see complete schedule on their website.
For an added treat, attend the 23rd annual Flower Show, 8 a.m.-6 p.m. March 8-17. It is free and includes classes and demonstrations.
ALSO TRY Martin Viette Nurseries (6050 Northern Blvd., East Norwich, 516-922-5530, martinviette.com), which offers a free Winter Seminar Series with programs Saturdays through March 16, including its "Houseplant Festival," 11 a.m.-2 p.m. Feb. 23. Although free, you must register.
Go skating
What could be better than getting some exercise and finding a bargain all in one? Not much, especially if you think ice skating is cool. One of the favorite spots to chill is The Rinx at Harborfront Park in Port Jefferson Village. Skaters aren't required to be area residents to get a good deal.
"We come every Sunday," says Loralie Smart, 44, of Mount Sinai, who was taking a break from skating with her daughter, Alina Chu, 7. "It is a 10-minute drive from our home. Gasoline and time are big factors for me. And, we decided to buy skates rather than pay $10 each time" to rent skates for the two of them.
WHEN | WHERE Check website for session times, Noon-1:20 p.m., 2-3:30 p.m., 4-5:30 p.m. and 6:30-8 p.m. Monday-Thursday; noon-1:30 p.m., 2-3:30 p.m., 4-5:30 p.m., 6:30-7:30 p.m. (private parties) and 8-10 p.m. Friday; 10-11:30 a.m., 12:30-2 p.m., 2:30-4 p.m., 4:30-6 p.m., 6:30-7:30 p.m. (private parties) and 8-10 p.m. Saturday; 10-11:30 a.m., 12:30-2 p.m., 2:30-4 p.m., 4:30-6 p.m., 6:30-7:30 p.m. (private parties) Sunday;101-A Broadway, Port Jefferson Village Center in Harborfront Park, Port Jefferson Village
INFO 631-403-4357, therinx.com
FEE $9.50 ($7 ages 11 and younger) Monday-Friday; $10.50 ($8 ages 11 and younger) Saturday and Sunday, holidays and school vacation; $11 for two-hour sessions 8-10 p.m. Friday and Saturday; $5 skate rental; buy six sessions and get one free
ALSO TRY Mitchell Park Ice Skating Rink (115 Front St., Greenport, 631-477-2200, ext. 2, greenportvillage.com, $5 adults, $3 younger than 18 weekdays; $10 adults, $7 younger than 18 weekends; or the Port Washington Skating Center (70 Seaview Blvd., Port Washington, 516-484-6800, pwskating.com) charges $7 all ages, with $4 skate rental. Group of 10 or more get $1 off both admission and rental. Buy 20 sessions at a time and save $1 per session.


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Harris County recommends shoppers use cash to avoid credit card scam
An old scam is getting a boost with new technology and is expected to snare more Houston victims this holiday season, according to the Harris County District Attorney's Office.
The DA's office is reminding holiday shoppers once again to be wary of credit card skimming machines.
In a video released this week, Assistant District Attorney Ed McClees and District Attorney Devon Anderson spell out the scam for Houstonians.
The hand-held devices are used by thieves to scan information on credit cards for later nefarious use. Accomplices like waiters and retail staff have been known to work with tech-savvy theieves to separate credit card holders from their money.
They want you to check your account information regularly to spot any theft or charges you don't remember making. Officials say to try to use cash when you can, but most people see plastic as a safer route.


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TCU 44, Prairie View 39
BY foxsports • November 18, 2012
Ray Jarvis scored 13 points and TCU used a 10-3 run down the stretch to edge Prairie View A&M 44-39 on Sunday in a South Padre Invitational game.
Kyan Anderson's 3-pointer at the six-minute mark broke a 32-32 tie, and he had another bucket to key TCU's game-ending run.
TCU posted its lowest winning point total since 1983.
TCU (3-1) made 30 percent of its shots, including just 5 for 20 in the first half, while Prairie View (2-3) shot 28 percent for the game.
Devonta Abron had 10 points and eight rebounds for TCU, including four offensive boards in the second half.
Jourdan DeMuynck had 17 points for the Panthers, who struggled from the free-throw line, hitting 11 of 24 attempts.
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Toledo Bend Rendezvous
Flyfishers Rendezvous
North Toledo Bend State Park
Friday - Sunday,
November 2-4, 2012
An annual gathering of members of fly fishing clubs from Texas, Louisiana,
Oklahoma, Arkansas, Mississippi and beyond. No planned activities but plenty of
fly tying, food, fly casting, fishing. Fee includes lodging and meals. Check out
the Rendezvous webpage for more details:
When Fri Nov 2 ? Sun Nov 4, 2012 Where North Toledo Bend State Park (map)