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Chemical Fate and Transport in the Environment
3rd Edition
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The third edition of Chemical Fate and Transport in the Environment—winner of a 2015 Textbook Excellence Award (Texty) from The Text and Academic Authors Association—explains the fundamental principles of mass transport, chemical partitioning, and chemical/biological transformations in surface waters, in soil and groundwater, and in air. Each of these three major environmental media is introduced by descriptive overviews, followed by a presentation of the controlling physical, chemical, and biological processes. The text emphasizes intuitively based mathematical models for chemical transport and transformations in the environment, and serves both as a textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate courses in environmental science and engineering, and as a standard reference for environmental practitioners.
Key Features
- Winner of a 2015 Texty Award from the Text and Academic Authors Association
- Includes many worked examples as well as extensive exercises at the end of each chapter
- Illustrates the interconnections and similarities among environmental media through its coverage of surface waters, the subsurface, and the atmosphere
- Written and organized concisely to map to a single-semester course
- Discusses and builds upon fundamental concepts, ensuring that the material is accessible to readers who do not have an extensive background in environmental science
Senior undergraduate and first-year graduate students in environmental science or environmental engineering programs; students in other disciplines, such as geotechnical engineering, who seek basic environmental literacy; practitioners in environmental consulting and management firms and government agencies
Table of Contents
- Preface
- Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
- Abstract
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Chemical Concentration
- 1.3 Mass Balance and Units
- 1.4 Physical Transport of Chemicals
- 1.5 Mass Balance in an Infinitely Small Control Volume: The Advection-Dispersion-Reaction Equation
- 1.6 Basic Environmental Chemistry
- 1.7 Chemical Distribution Among Phases at Equilibrium
- 1.8 Analytical Chemistry and Measurement Error
- 1.9 Conclusion
- Chapter 2: Surface Waters
- Abstract
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Physical Transport in Surface Waters
- 2.3 Air-Water Exchange
- 2.4 Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Surface Waters
- 2.5 Dissolved Oxygen Modeling in Surface Waters
- 2.6 Biotransformation and Biodegradation
- 2.7 Abiotic Chemical Transformations
- 2.8 Conclusion
- Chapter 3: The Subsurface Environment
- Abstract
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Physics of Groundwater Movement
- 3.3 Flow in the Unsaturated (Vadose) Zone
- 3.4 The Flow of Nonaqueous Phase Liquids
- 3.5 Retardation
- 3.6 Biodegradation in the Subsurface Environment
- 3.7 Subsurface Remediation
- 3.8 Conclusion
- Chapter 4: The Atmosphere
- Abstract
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Atmospheric Stability
- 4.3 Circulation of the Atmosphere
- 4.4 Transport of Chemicals in the Atmosphere
- 4.5 Physical Removal of Chemicals from the Atmosphere
- 4.6 Atmospheric Chemical Reactions
- 4.7 The Greenhouse Effect and Global Climate Change
- 4.8 Conclusion
- Appendix: Dimensions and Units for Environmental Quantities
- A.1 Fundamental Dimensions and Common Units of Measurement
- A.2 Derived Dimensions and Common Units
- Index
- No. of pages:
- 486
- Language:
- English
- Copyright:
- © Academic Press 2015
- Published:
- 25th June 2014
- Imprint:
- Academic Press
- Hardcover ISBN:
- 9780123982568
- eBook ISBN:
- 9780123982667
About the Authors
Harold Hemond
Harry Hemond is William E. Leonhard Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has authored numerous scientific papers on biogeochemistry and related environmental topics. A registered professional engineer, Professor Hemond has also consulted with governmental agencies and industry. He is a winner of MIT's Irwin Sizer Award for his course "Chemicals in the Environment: Fate and Transport," and also holds a Graduate Student Council teaching award.
Affiliations and Expertise
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
Elizabeth Fechner
Elizabeth Fechner has worked for several environmental consulting firms, including Abt Associates, Inc, performing fate and transport analyses for private clients and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. She has also provided technical support to attorneys in cases of environmental litigation.
Affiliations and Expertise
Abt Associates, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
2015 Textbook Excellence Award – 2nd or Later Edition: Physical Sciences, Text and Academic Authors Association
From the Second Edition:
"...Covers almost all of the necessary topics for a straight environmental chemistry course. The strength of this book is the excellent quantitative approach that it presents to solving problems. Each section has worked example problems throughout the text, and concludes with 25 or more problems. An excellent solution manual is available." --ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
"...a succinct, yet substantive, review of chemical fate and transport processes in the environment...I recommend this book as an excellent overview of chemicals in the environment for student training and general support for the practicing environmental scientist." --Garth W. Redfield, for JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
Ratings and Reviews
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text:
Tori Kelly breaks record with 'Hiding Place'
Collection debuts at No. 1 on Billboard's Top Gospel Albums chart
Hiding Place – GRAMMY-nominated artist Tori Kelly's new passion project – has set the record for the most first-week streams ever for a gospel album. The collection, which was produced by 12-time GRAMMY Award winner Kirk Franklin, debuted at No. 1 on Billboard's Top Gospel Albums chart and had the highest-selling week of any 2018 gospel album. Hiding Place also topped Billboard's Gospel Streaming Songs and Gospel Digital Song Sales charts plus the Apple Music Christian genre chart.
Kelly was joined by Kirk Franklin and a choir when she performed the lead single, "Never Alone," on The Late Late Show with James Corden earlier this week. She and Franklin will also perform at the 49th Annual GMA Dove Awards, which will be held October 16th in Nashville and air on TBN on Sunday, October 21st.
Tickets are now on sale for her Hiding Place Tour, which will kick off on October 18th with a sold-out concert at The Tabernacle in Atlanta, GA. The headline run includes shows at Warner Theatre in Washington DC (October 28th – sold out), Nashville's Ryman Auditorium (November 8th), New York City's Riverside Church (October 30th) plus two sold-out nights at the Cathedral Sanctuary at Immanuel Presbyterian Church in Los Angeles (November 16th & 17th).
Half of the songs on Hiding Place were penned by Franklin alone while the remaining tracks came from a collaboration between the two artists – the first time that Franklin had ever co-written in his decades-long career. The collection also features guest artists Lecrae, Jonathan McReynolds and The Hamiltones.
Author: Buddy Iahn
Buddy Iahn founded The Music Universe when he decided to juxtapose his love of web design and music. As a lifelong drummer, he decided to take a hiatus from playing music to report it. The website began as a fun project in 2013 to one of the top independent news sites.

subset: commoncrawl


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Press Release
January 14, 2020
Gatchalian: Kuwaiti government should be held accountable for the fate of slain OFW Jeanelyn Villavende
Senator Win Gatchalian castigated the Kuwaiti government for failing to fulfill its promise of providing better labor conditions and to ensure the protection of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) in the Gulf country. Gatchalian cited reports he's been receiving on the case of OFW Jeanelyn Villevende who died in December last year. "Kinukuha ang kanilang passport. They are scattered all over the place. They are not protected by employers or corporations, underpaid and, they complain of delayed salaries", said Gatchalian.
"I think the fact will state that there was bad faith, in behalf of the Kuwaiti government and in behalf of the investigators, and with this we have to make sure that the lives of our OFWs in Kuwait are all protected and that mechanisms are in place for their well-being," Gatchalian added.
The Philippines and Kuwait signed an agreement in May 2018 on labor reforms which covers both skilled Filipino workers and Filipino household service workers. The MOA stated that employers cannot confiscate the passports and other travel documents of Filipino workers and that they must be allowed to use their phones. The agreement also covers repatriation of distressed OFWs in need of assistance, activation of a 24/7 hotline for them, and creation of a special police unit that would assist the Philippine embassy in rescue operations for OFWs.
The lawmaker stressed that it is high time to stop these occurrences from happening again and supports call to implement total ban for Filipino household service workers to Kuwait since they are the most vulnerable among workers deployed in the area. Gatchalian said that skilled workers are normally protected by their corporations and they go through formal channels but household service workers normally process their papers under the radar.
For the lawmaker, the next move should be to summon the Kuwaiti Ambassador in the Philippines amid doubts on the real cause of death of Villavende, insisting that Kuwait's report is nothing but "garbage".
"This is an insult to our government, an insult to our country and, insult to Filipino people especially to the OFWs who've been toiling almost blood, sweat and, tears in the Middle East. This is a very serious matter and we demand justice, we demand the truth and, this is not how countries and friends treat each other by giving fake reports", Gatchalian stressed.
The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) autopsy report shows that Villavende was sexually abused and physically maltreated while Kuwaiti forensic doctors said Villavende died of physical injuries.
Another Filipino worker Joanna Demafelis died in Kuwait in April 2018 whose body was found in a freezer.
Saturday, September 26


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The W1ELA/0 displacement transducer in plunger version enables precise measurement of short displacements directly during the process.
The extremely compact W1ELA/0 displacement transducer consists almost entirely of just the coil body and plunger. This allows the sensor to be perfectly placed in the relevant machine, system, or test bench. This is further supported by the widely approved temperature range of the sensor from –55° C to +130° C. The W1ELA/0 displacement transducer can be used for reliable acquisition of the nominal (rated) displacement, moving outward from the center position in both directions.
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text: Television is a part of our life. We spend hours every week watching TV. This will certainly affect our behavior. Unfortunately, the effect of the TV is usually negative. TV makes people more violent and less imaginative. When we read a book we have to imagine all the characters but when we watch TV, everything is shown to us. Watching TV makes us less active and more indolent. It requires no activity. We just turn it on and zap trough the channels. All the time that we spend in front of TV is the time that we should spend on studying, playing some sport or hanging around with your friends. Television is a valuable educational tool, but it is bad for our eyes. Every day we get plethora of important pieces of news about our life and world. There is also a good side. The news we see on TV gives us something to discuss with our family and friends. It helps us to share our interests with other people.


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Many companies are constantly in a growth mindset, constantly looking for new ways to increase customers and improve their "vanity" metrics that say more is always better.
Paul Jarvis, the author of Company of One, joins the show today to discuss the importance of enjoying the process and why companies should challenge the "Growth at All Costs" mindset that companies find themselves in.
listen to this episode
We covered:
- Why companies should not use growth as their top achievement metric
- Focusing on profit over growth
- Why it is important to figure out how to be happy in the present then hoping the future works out
- How to avoid focusing on "vanity" metrics
- The two ways to run a business long term
- When focusing on your business's growth makes sense
- Why you should consider that more isn't always better
- Why you should be focusing on a specific audience
- The importance of understanding your audience's problem
- Customer retention vs. customer acquisition
- The three qualities it takes to be resilient
- Focusing on the process rather than the outcome
- Why you should always be working on personal growth
Full Transcript:
Louis: All right. Bonjour, bonjour and welcome to another episode of Everyone Hates Marketers.com, the no fluff, actionable marketing podcast for marketers, marketing consultants, founders and tech people who are just sick of shady, aggressive marketing. I'm your host, Louis Grenier.
In today's episode you will learn how to challenge the "growth at all costs" mindset. My guest today is the author of the fantastic book, Company of One. He's a writer, a designer, podcaster and online course teacher. He has two classes that he has been teaching, the Creative Class for Freelancers and Chimp Essentials for Mail Chimp and how to use Mail Chimp better. He's also a software creator, he created a tool called Fathom Analytics which is an alternative to Google Analytics. Overall, his goal is to help people to be better and not bigger businesses.
I think for people listening to this podcast who have been listening to this podcast for a long time, they understand I really wanted this guest on board because we share the same philosophy. Paul Jarvis, welcome aboard.
Paul: Thanks so much for having me on the show.
Louis: As I said before we started to record this episode, I'm going to save the compliments for the actual recording. I've been listening to Company of One on Audible going to work and leaving work and I found myself nodding aggressively to yes, yes, yes.
There are a lot of things that you said I this book that I completely agree with, a lot of things as well that you said in this book that I hadn't thought about in the way you thought about them and they crystallize and clarified a lot of my thinking, which is awesome. Let's do that.
Let's challenge this "growth at all costs" mindset, which is kind of the core of your book. You describe a Company of One, you have a specific definition of it. I'm going to let you say it first. What is, for you, a Company of One?
Paul: When I use that term I'm not saying that you literally have to run a one person business. I don't even run one person business. But what Company of One means is that we don't assume that growth follows success all the time.
What I think we should assume is that freedom follows success where if you do well, if your business starts to do well or continues to do well, then you should have the freedom to choose whether or not growth makes sense because sometimes growth 100% makes sense. Sometimes growth does not make sense at all.
A Company of One is just a business of any size that questions this current paradigm of grow at all costs, rapid growth, 10X growth hack, whatever word you want to use that sounds awful to say out loud to another human.
Louis: Let's define the problem a bit more. Why do you think it sounds awful? Why is it so awful and what's awful about it?
Paul: First of all, the research that I've done doesn't line up with the, I don't know, the Ted X or keynote style talks of growth is always good. What I found through research was that a lot of businesses actually go out of business because they try to grow too quickly or because they put growth as the top metric that they need to achieve or track, whether it's because their venture capitalists have told them, "We need you to have hockey stick growth" or that sort of thing.
What I found is that the businesses that do the best for the longest are the ones that maybe do grow but they grow slowly or organically and more in a straight line than 20% month over month Silicon Valley bullshit, which might work but probably isn't going to work for very long or probably is only going to work for the investors who will be able to take their money out, fire the CEO and then go public or do some other dumb shit with the business.
Louis: What research did you find that correlates with what you said there?
Paul: There was a study done by the Startup Genome Project that found, I think it was two thirds of businesses went out of business not because of competition, not because the market changed but because they had chased growth about everything else.
There was another study done by the Coppen Institute who looked at that Inc 5000 list, which a lot of companies want to be on, that's like the top 5000 fastest growing companies in the world and the Coppen Institute found that 5 to 8 years later I think it was 70% of more of those businesses had gone out of business, similar to the Startup Genome Project, which had found that they'd gone out of business because they chased growth.
I think the problem there, if you think about it, is it's really hard to be profitable, to be focused on profit and to be focused on growth at the same time because growth typically means you're forsaking profit in the now in the hopes that one day you'll be profitable, one day your volume will scale to a point where profit can happen whereas if you're focused on profit, fuck, how does a profitable business go out of business? They don't.
If you're making money as a business you can keep going. If you're chasing growth and forsaking profit, then that's risky. Then you're running into if this doesn't work out then we're completely fucked.
Louis: I'm going to take a few seconds here for people to digest what you just said because it's so obvious. I've been thinking about it for a long time. The basis of marketing is to understand people so well that you can give them what they need and you sell a good product so they buy it, you get the profit, you invest it and you grow this way, right?
That's how business has been done for a long, long time until recently, until as you said the financial pressure to grow at all costs because benefits, health and people are the economy in general have started to appear more and more. You see businesses that are trying to, not to sell a good product to people and make them happy but generally creating a company to make money and just fucking grow and IPO without making a single line of profit.
I'm going to put my hat off the VC person right now. It's not a real hat, it's a fictional hat but it's a hat that is going to ask you, well it's all well and good but without this type of VC grounds you wouldn't have Uber, you wouldn't have Lyft, you wouldn't have VC companies that are making progress into the world.
Paul: Are they making progress in the world? This is a problem that I have with capitalism. I think that the definition of capitalism can vary but I think the way that commerce used to work probably, I don't know pre-Industrial Revolution, the way that commerce used to work was it was a two-sided exchange.
It was a value exchange. It was somebody got enough value from something you did to give you money and you got enough value from their money to keep doing that thing. It was, capitalism at that time or commerce at that time was collaborative because you'd be working with other people. You'd be trading, you'd be working within a community where everybody's needs would be met whereas nowadays, capitalism is extractive and exploitive where there's very few people basically taking all of the value out of the marketplace and putting it into their pockets with VCs or with super, super rich 1% people.
They're not giving much value back, they're just taking all that from the market. We get things like these shady apps that are like, "Do you want to buy this, yes or no?" The buttons are always in the same place and then if you click no enough times the buttons switch and you think you're clicking on no but the button is switched. It's like, how is that really benefiting anybody? How is that any value to anybody?
I do think, on the flip side of that, I argue both sides all the time, I'm just weird like that because I think a lot of these things are too nuanced to just be binary, black and white. I think that sometimes businesses need to exist at a large scale.
Like, Uber wouldn't work if it was just me driving around in my car saying, "Hey, does anybody want a ride?" Or Airbnb wouldn't work if there was a guy named Bob in Boise, Idaho who had a spare bedroom and that was Airbnb. These companies like that don't work on a small scale. Did they need money to start? Could they have ramped up slower? Probably. Did they need to IPO? I think a lot of businesses IPO because they're not profitable and they just want to get more shareholders involved to start making money in hopes that they'll be profitable. It's kind of how stock exchanges work but I think that for a lot of us and for a lot of businesses we don't need that scale.
Like, my business I sell some courses and some software. That doesn't need to be big. Those businesses don't need to make a million dollars a month to succeed. Those businesses can make a tiny amount of money and because the margins are high and because I don't have very high costs of living or I don't have to spend much on the solutions that I do, I don't need a lot of customers. I don't need to dominate any marketplace I'm in because I only need to make enough money in those marketplaces where I'm providing value to other people and they are seeing enough value in the products that I make to give me some money. It works.
Louis: The people that listen to like, Gary V for example, traditionally, and I'm not trying to make a blanket statement on those people but traditionally there will be younger people, entrepreneurs, people who want to launch something. I was one of them a few years ago and I remember thinking, "I want to be a fucking millionaire. I want to make so much money. I want to have this power. I want to see myself in this red Ferrari, I want to drive downtown San Francisco."
This is the kind of life that maybe some of you listening right now might be thinking right now that you want to achieve. You have this maturity and you've gone through probably a lot of stages to this last step which is being happy, being content with what you currently have and not trying to chase yet another goal, yet another goal, yet another goal.
How do you convince people that I have described that might listen to Gary V's podcast way too much and need to listen to Everyone Hates Marketers more by the way, how do you convince them to think again about this mentality?
Paul: I think just like I explained how being a growth focused business means that you forsake profit in the now in the hope that something happens in the future, the exact same logic applies to what you just said where if you're chasing these big goals, you're basically saying, "Fuck it, I'm not happy right now. If I get a red Ferrari or I live in San Francisco and pay $10,000 a month in rent for a tiny one bedroom. If these things, if my business gets to 100K MRR, if these things happen in the future then I will be happy."
That is risky. To me, that's risky. I'd rather figure out how to be happy in the present then be happy if all the things work out in the future because most of the time things don't work out the way you plan. Sometimes life is going to shit on your face, to use a really awful but really apt analogy, is that you don't know what's going to happen, it's just like when people go out and want to write a bestselling book. How do you do that? I've had a bestselling book.
A lot of it, so many little different things that happen that I'm in control of some of them, I'm not in control of other of them and I can kind of stack the deck but it's really hard to say, like everybody would do it. If it was just a matter of, okay I want to write a bestselling book. These are the things I do.
Or I want to start a company that makes a million dollars a month. If it was just a step by step formula everybody would do it and nobody would be poor. It just doesn't work that way. A lot of it is luck and a lot of times successful founders confuse their luck with foresight where really it's just you can see patterns if you're looking back and like, "Oh yeah, all of these things I did and they got me to where I am" but when you're in it, you don't know those things. I would rather be happy in the present. I would rather figure out how to drive, I was going to say a Prius but I fucking hate Priuses, how do drive any other car that isn't worth $200,000. If the car gets you from A to B, then be happy. If your house has a roof and it doesn't leak when it rains, maybe there's a way to be happy in the present.
Actually, Gary V, I'll argue on the side of Gary V for a second even though I agree with you. He's even said that a lot of times people just want these goals because they are status symbols. There was one, I was watching something where he was talking to a guy who had, Gary was like, "What kind of car do you drive?" The guy was like, "An M3 or something." A nice BMW. He was like, "Can you afford it?" The guy's like, "Not really." He's like, what are you doing? These things aren't going to make you, if you're not happy now things in the future aren't going to make you happy later. If you find a way to be happy now, chances are you'll find a way to be happy as life changes or as things change in the future.
Louis: To be clear, I didn't say, I didn't imply that Gary V all of the services are wrong, that people tend to be with these type of goals and I'm not saying they are wrong. They are right in their own way, if they want to reach those goals but I think long term it's not really sustainable. You can't really just hope for, as you said, a bestselling book. What if it never happens.
Before we dive into a bit more detail on what are the components of a company of one, kind of contradictive things you need to think to become a company of one, I just want to dive into one aspect of marketing that I despise and that you mention, growth hacking and this mentality. Again, people listening to this might very well read what are the latest growth hacks I need to use to game the system and to get more followers, subscribers, buyers.
For example I saw recently on Facebook group that it was part of someone mentioning this hack where you can just use Pinterest to get shit tons of popular images from Google image, put them automatically into your Pinterest bot and generate Google traffic out of them. I get 100,000, 200,000 visits a month from it. People were all over the place for this. They were like, "Oh my God, how did you do this? I want to do the same." How do you convince people thinking this way that there is a better way to live and to generate money?
Paul: I mean I think for a lot of things like that, a lot of growth hacks focus on vanity metrics and vanity metrics don't translate into revenue. For example, something like that maybe your Google traffic will increase or maybe your Pinterest traffic will increase but is that generating more revenue? Is that generating more customers? Is that creating more long term relationships with customers? I doubt it. I can't see how that is possible.
I think growth has to like, get your mailing list subscribers up. I've experimented with some things, like having an on exit intent pop-up windows that show something. Yes, the numbers on my mailing list increased but the number of opens didn't, the number of clicks didn't, the number of buys didn't. While my mailing list numbers increased, it sounds like oh, my mailing list is so big, it didn't mean shit because it wasn't translating into more sales or more engagement, it wasn't even translating into more conversations. I think a lot of times we need to think about is this actually going to do anything for my business and for myself?
There's kind of two ways to run a business long term. The first way is to either constantly have to find new people to sell to because you're churning and burning basically. You're trying to find new people to get into the funnel and they are either going to relent and buy or they're going to leave.
Or the other side, that's kind of more the growth hacking side. Then the other side is to sell in a way that people feel happy about or they feel happy to buy and they feel happy to keep coming back, where you can have maybe a small group of customers but you sell to them over years, for me, decades. I have some customers that have bought most of the things I've made or they buy some of the software and they stay with it.
I would rather have a small group of people that I could get to know, get to understand and work with, where they're supporting my business, where they are constantly, more than half of the people that buy one product from me buy more than one product from me. There's a high percentage of people that buy all of the products. Those people are the best people in the entire world.
If I was focused on growth hacks, if I was focused on ever increasing my audience, I wouldn't be able to get to know these people. Typically, when somebody buys something from me and I get that Stripe notification on the PayPal notification, I kind of recognize, most of the time I recognize the person's name or email address because we've had a conversation on Twitter or we've emailed with each other or they've bought something else or I've seen them in a Slack channel that I run.
These people, they are trusting me because I spend time conversing with them. I spend time listening to them. I can get to know them and empathize with them because the group of people isn't constantly exploding with growth. That, to me, feels like a better way to do things and a more sustainable way to do things.
Louis: Yeah. It's a great answer. It's difficult to come up with anything else but that. I completely agree with you on all fronts. The example of the exit popup is interesting because I was thinking of the exact same thing with software selling you the fact that you get the most subscribers.
You understand because you are experienced and you know your stuff that the actual goal of a business is to generate happy customers. If you generate happy customers, as you said they're going to talk to their friends about you, they're going to buy more from you. With this metric on board you know that exit metric makes very little sense because as you said, you might get more email subscribers but those people won't do shit. This is why the growth hacking mentality is something that I can't get around it because marketing and business is a system.
All parts of the system connect with each other in ways that you can't really understand because it's so complex, it's like a car. If you take every single part out, you can't drive the fucking car. It's not connected. It's part of a system and if you fuck up the system too much, if you hack your way through each step of the funnel with exit purpose followed by emails with fake scarcity followed by whatever else trick you want to get, you're not going to generate those happy customers. The system is going to start to fall apart.
This is why the smartest people I know make it difficult to buy from you. You, for example, you don't have the creative class running 365 days a year. You make it available to only a certain period of time because you want to create tension and you know that people who experience the tension, let's say I really want to buy a company like right now you know they will buy in the future.
Very much like this Phillip Morgan who is a consultant on positioning which you might know, makes it super difficult now to buy from his, he is doing a sort of incubator with five people maximum and he makes people go through another podcast on how to apply to it because he knows that the best people will actually end up buying, they will be the people going through this podcast or whatever. Make it easy or easier is not necessarily the answer because there's tension that you need to create. Anyway, I wanted to say that.
Let's go back to the components of Company of One. There is one thing that struck me that I remember vividly is that I actually interviewed the guy that you mentioned, Sean D'Souza from Psychotactics. You explained that as an example, he decided that $500,000, correct me if I'm wrong but I think that's the number, was the maximum amount of revenue he needed, or profit, I don't remember one of the two, that he needed to run a successful, decent business and he would take a three month vacation every year and he's just happy with that. That's kind of one example of the Company of One. Can you give me more details on this mindset?
Paul: Yeah, this is basic, Sean's funny. I wrote about my dad has, my dad's an old English guy. He's probably read like two books in his life. He read Company of One, which I thought was funny. The takeaway that he got from reading my book was, "Hey who is your friend that sends out chocolates?"
Sean D'Souza sends out a chocolate bar from New Zealand, him and his wife Ramica send out chocolate bars. He's like, "Hey who is your friend who sends out chocolate bars? How can I get a chocolate bar?" The next time I was talking to Sean I was like, "Sean, can you please send my dad a chocolate bar?" He's like, "Yeah, totally." He sent my dad a chocolate bar, which I thought was funny. But the point of Sean having an upper bound to his goal is kind of, the way that I describe it in the book and in the way that I talk about it is what enough is.
I think framing enough is kind of the antithesis or the counterbalance to unchecked growth or growth hacking where enough kind of exists, first of all enough kind of exists in two stages where if you're pre enough, say you start a business and you don't have any customers, you don't have any revenue, you have to grow.
Growth makes sense because you need to go from zero to something. You need to go from zero to making enough money to live, pay your bills and all of that. Growth makes sense there. But then growth, we get into our heads. We're like, "Growth is working because it's making things better right now. Growth is working." Then we get into our heads like, "Okay growth is good."
I understand how people can get into this growth mindset because in the beginning it makes sense. But if we never question it, we just always think, "Okay growth made sense before, growth makes sense now. I'm just going to keep growing." But I think the kind of thesis of the book and the point of the book is that we should kind of check in on that and say, "Is growth continuing to be good or are we just getting diminishing returns on our growth?"
I think that the second stage of enough is post enough. Pre enough is getting to what enough is, post enough is optimizing for what you've got. Sean's a good example of being post enough because he's like, 500K a year pays all, that's gross as well. "500K a year pays all my expenses, pays for my wife and I" and the nieces that he takes care of sometimes to live, "It let's us travel for two or three months a year." That's enough for him.
If he was chasing more than he wouldn't know, he knows his customers probably better than I do. He knows that if he wanted to grow more than that, he would probably have to hire some people which could cut into his margins as well. He may make an extra 100 grand but he may have to pay 200 grand to make that 100 grand. Or he had to go into ads, he might have to spend, it's like when people get obsessed with gross numbers, like "Oh yeah, I made a million dollars." I was like, "How much did you spend to make that million dollars?" "$900,000." It's like, you didn't really make a million dollars. You make 100K.
I think we need to just kind of consider that because more isn't always better. If Sean's found a place, and a lot of people, if they've found a place where they have enough money to be happy and content and live comfortably, then chasing more would cut into the freedom and the freedom is why a lot of people start their own business in the first place. It just doesn't make sense.
Louis: That's the exact mistake I've made in the past. Three years ago I started a conversion rate optimization agency. It wasn't planned this way but as you said, life shits in your face sometimes. I turned into a SEO consultant and I didn't really like it because it was all about squeezing revenue and that wasn't the right thing but anyway, I had enough clients to hire and I hired two people, three people. Not only grow, we grew revenue, profits stayed around the same first of all but then the problems you start to encounter get bigger. The headaches get bigger.
Now you have payroll to think about at night. You have not only your fucking salary to pay but you have your team's salary that you're worrying about. They are paying for their mortgage, they are paying for their kids. These stacks up and it's getting, for me it was really getting to me. I realized, hold on a second. Why the fuck did I decide to hire these people? Why didn't I decide to just stay small and optimize what I had and just find ways to grow profit and revenue, grow profit without necessarily increasing my team.
When I was listening to your book, that really dawned on me that if I had the insight that I have now, I would have done it completely differently. Yes. Growth at all costs, looking at this revenue, oh it will be great if we get 1 million in revenue, 2 million, 10 million, think as well of the cost that it has, not only financial but also emotional costs and all the things you don't know you don't know until you start to grow this way. It's like, you just kind of think like, "Shit. Now I have too many people on the payroll. I need this software to take care of, I need to pay more to my accountant, it just becomes incredibly more complex." Going back to the system we talked about, right?
Paul: Yeah. It takes away from, a lot of times we start a business because we like to spend our days doing something like writing or making software or designing. This is why I've never hired anybody because if I hired people, when I was a web designer I was booked four to six months in advance always. I could have hired, people were always like, "I don't know why you're not hiring. It doesn't make sense, you're not growing."
It's like, I didn't want to grow them because I didn't want to promote myself out of a job that I really enjoyed into a job I didn't enjoy. I don't like managing people. I don't want to do payroll. I don't want to have to, I work for myself so I can have as little responsibility as possible and still make money. Making a bigger business just doesn't make sense to me.
Louis: Because you don't need the status symbol of having your staff that is making 10 million a year. You've made peace with that. You don't need that for your life. I think that's something that people don't necessarily realize about the decisions they make, the status is going to give you with others. The fact that people, as Seth Godin would say, "People like us doing things like this."
Well, the people like me who are successful entrepreneurs of startups have expensive car, have startups then I need to do the same. But maybe they are not your people. That used to be me. I used to think this way because I used to look up to those guys and girls. I realized that it wasn't it. If I could podcast and interview people all day long I probably would. I would never hire someone to do it for me.
Going back to another component of it, which is something that I think again Seth Godin mentions a lot in his latest book This Is Marketing, for example he talked about it many times before is choosing a specific audience which is again something that we talk about a lot in marketing, extremely difficult to do, to speak to again because you want to grow so why not reaching everyone. Why do you think a Company of One needs to have a specific audience in mind and even the more niche the better, why is that?
Paul: One, I think it's easier to reach people if they are segmented down from everyone. I don't know how to reach everybody on the internet or everybody with a television or everybody with a Netflix account. I don't know how that works but as you segment it down and get a bit more specific, you're like, okay well these types of people spend time reading these publications. Maybe I can write for them.
Or these types of people spend time in this sub Reddit. Maybe I'm going to start talking to them in there. I think that, people ask me all the time, "I have a bunch of ideas for products, I don't know what to make" or "I made this product and I can't find anybody who wants to buy it." I'm like, "You're going in the wrong direction. You've done the second thing first."
What I mean by that is I don't actually know how to make a product and then go find an audience for it. I don't know how that works. I also suck at cold calling or any kind of cold sale. If you put me at a car dealership and said, "Hey Paul, go sell that person a car" I know a ton about cars but I would be the most awkward sales person in the entire world because I don't know how to sell in that way.
What I do know how to do is build an audience or start listening to a specific group of people, a niche, a market, whatever you want to call it, and start communicating with those people, start learning from those people, start empathizing with those people, start looking for patterns in what those people want. Every single product I've ever created in my entire life hasn't been I have an idea to make something, I'm going to make it and then try and go sell it.
Every single product I've ever made has been, okay I'm talking to this audience. I'm part of this community. I'm part of this group. This is what these people are saying they need. I can make that thing and say, "Hey everybody, you all said you wanted this thing, I've made it. You can buy it if you want." That, to me, like the other way is doable and harder.
My way I think is easier because it's also, you also don't have to be as pushy because you're not looking for sales, you're looking to find a way to connect the audience you're already part of or communicating with or talking to, then show them the value in the thing you've made specifically for them because they asked for it. Every single thing I made was because a bunch of people asked me for it. Creative class, every book I've written, the only reason I wrote Company of One is because I wrote an article for my mailing list probably three years ago now called something like, I Don't Care About Growth. I usually get 150, 250 ish replies to my newsletters, I send one a week, it's called the Sunday Dispatches so that makes sense.
For that email that I wrote, I got, I don't know, 1200, 1500. It was just astronomical, the amount of people saying, "Why is nobody else talking about this? I thought I was the only one. I feel like why isn't this a book." I'm like, all right then, this could be a book. Then I wrote Company of One. If nobody had wanted it, I wouldn't have written it.
Louis: It doesn't feel yucky to do it this way, right, at all?
Paul: No.
Louis: It's just natural, natural process. This is why, I think, it's much better to start with an audience rather than a product as you say. It's like, you start with, pretty much like what I'm doing with the podcast. I never really thought about what can I sell to those people or who are those people in the first place, I just started something to give, genuinely to just help myself interview people to learn from them and then let's see if it's helpful to people.
Then I got feedback so I improved the podcast. I improved it, improved it, improved it. But I'm still at a stage where I know people quite well, I know who listens to the podcast but I would have never imagined that, for example, a third of the people listening would be marketing consultants or freelancers.
In my head, at the start I was just thinking in house marketers would be the one listening but actually I get surprised and surprised over and over again. Starting with your audience makes it so much easier, as you said, to understand the problem they suffer from. You don't need to overly over engineer the research or overly overengineer the process, it's just part of the process. You just know it.
Paul: Yeah, that's why I have my mailing list. People are always like, "I don't know how you have time for your mailing list" because I write an article a week and send it out every Sunday. I'm like, I don't know how I wouldn't make time for my mailing list when this is how I communicate with my audience. This is how I learn from the people who are likely to buy something from me.
I should be spending more time with my mailing list because right now I spend probably a couple hours writing a week and probably four or five hours replying to people a week. I could spend more time doing that because this is, I have a direct connection with the people who give me money. Why wouldn't I spend as much time as possible making things for them but then also talking to them and listening to them. It wouldn't make sense to do it any other way.
Louis: I think I know the answer to this question but I want to triple check, you receive 200, 250, sometimes 1000 replies if the article is very popular and you reply to every single one of them, right?
Paul: Yeah, I reply to, unless it's just like, good job or thumbs up emoji. I don't reply to those but if somebody has a question or if somebody says something really good, I reply to. I take half a day usually to just reply to everybody basically, yeah.
Louis: But if you had this growth at all costs mindset you'd probably look at automating this fucking thing like, "Oh my God, spending four to five hours answering people? What the fuck."
Paul: People are always confused, they're like, "I can't believe you replied." I'm like, "You sent me an email, what did you think would happen?" I would rather run a business that's human and humane. I run a business because I like doing business, I like talking to other people. I don't, like I said it would be awkward if I had to sell to them but just having a conversation with them, totally easy.
They're going to make their own minds up whether they want to buy something or not and luckily most of them do but yeah, like you said, if I focused on just growing and I don't know if my mailing list grows or not at this point. It's reached enough where they bring in, they generate enough revenue for me to live comfortably pay my bills. If I was focused on growing, I think it's like, 30,000 or 35,000 or something now.
If I was focused on getting 1,000 people a day or 10,000 people a week or 100,000 people a week, I wouldn't be able to have those conversations because I'd be getting two emails, I wouldn't be able to reply to them. I wouldn't be able to get to know my customers, I wouldn't recognize people's email when they bought something from me. Growth at that point would ruin my business if I was focused completely on growth and not on the audience that I already have.
These people are paying attention, these are the most important people in my list or to my business, not the people who could be on my list that I need to grow to get. I'd rather just, retention is so much easier than acquisition. It's cheaper, it's faster, it's easier on all regards but most of the time people are like, "I just need acquisition, I just need acquisition. I just need to grow, grow, grow. Who cares about the churn? I'll offset churn by just growing faster." It's so much work. You're giving yourself more work than you need to give yourself.
Louis: To go back to the point about the email list, it might grow to a point where you can't reply to everyone, I want to go back to the system thinking paradox in a sense. Your system works really tightly at the minute. You have an email list, you send an email every week, people reply, you have connections, those people feel like they can really trust you because they have a conversation with you, they might be more people coming in, they might buy your product but what if you brought, let's say you have this growth hacking switch in your brain and you're like, "Shit, let's go to 100,000 now."
100,000 would mean if you keep the same quality of article you would probably get now 600, 700 replies every week and you might, it means you would need to spend 18 hours of your week to reply to them. Therefore you have to cut that time and therefore you will stop replying to a few people and therefore those people might not feel like they're being listened to or they feel that they know you or trust you and therefore they might not buy your product anymore, et cetera, et cetera.
I really, the big takeaway for me reading your book is also that. It's like, you really want to make sure that you understand the full system of your business and that you don't compromise it by doing something stupid like this.
Paul: Exactly. I don't want to hire, people might be thinking like, "Why not just hire somebody to write the articles or make the products or reply to people?" I could have a VA replying to people but if somebody is replying to Paul Jarvis and a guy named Val or a girl named Angela replies, that's not, that would just feel weird if there was a VA replying. That's not the business I want to run. I know how I want to spend my day, I know how I want my business to operate. I'm always just trying to line up the decisions I make with knowing this is the type of business that I want to have.
Louis: What other components of a Company of One have we not mentioned or forgotten to mention?
Paul: I think there's, I mean resilience is a big one. I think that a lot of times, resilience is really just three things. It's accepting reality, we don't control everything because we don't. Life will shit on our face as we've covered.
The second thing is having a sense of purpose really, really helps because even if things are going wrong, you know you're still, my sense of purpose is knowing the type of business I want to have which is a small business and knowing that I want to serve a small group of people indefinitely instead of serving a big group of people once. I think having a sense of purpose is really important to resilience.
The third thing is ability to adapt. I think this is a huge one because I think things change all the time or because we're not in control of everything things can come up, things can change. It's just like the way I did business 20 years ago in the 90s is totally different than now. There's different technology.
It used to take 6 months to build an e-commerce system and get a merchant account. Now I can sign up for a Shopify or a Stripe account in 30 seconds. You have to keep learning, you have to keep adapting. I spend quite a bit of my time every week learning.
I don't have a university degree, I don't have any degrees. I finished high school and then basically stopped with school. But I still spend hours and hours a week learning new things, learning new skills, learning new information. I think that's so important to just not stop. I always just assume I don't know anything and then take it from there. Then try to see if I don't know anything, how much I can learn to kind of close that gap a bit.
Louis: I want to go back to the first point about resilience. It seems like you've read a lot about stoicism and this kind of feels like exactly, don't focus on the things that you can't change and you have control over, mainly your brain. That's basically it. I mean, not necessarily your brain, the organ, your thoughts even though you might argue from recent research you actually don't control most of it anyway, but anyway, that's the thing you can control the most. Don't focus on the rest and focus on what you can control. What other elements of stoicism or other types of philosophy and way of thinking do you think are relevant to this as well?
Paul: I mean, I think one of the biggest ones from the Bhagavad Gita which is like yogic philosophy and which I've talked about a bunch of times just not in those words is one of the lines from that book, obviously translated into English is that we're entitled to the labor, not the fruits of our labor, which is kind of like that, just thinking about that kind of blows my mind.
That's what I was talking about when I was talking about we need to figure out how to be presently content with the things that we have and not focused on the things that we might attain that could make us happy, especially with money. I think money is more of an amplifier than a fixer. If you're an unhappy person poor you're going to be an unhappy person rich. If you're an awful person poor you're going to be an awful person rich.
I think that if we focused on the process instead of the outcome, like I'm going to write a book because I like writing, because I like sharing, because I like putting words on the paper. I like figuring out what I think about something by writing it down, it's typically what I do. That's me enjoying the process. That's me enjoying the labor.
If I was only writing to become a New York Times bestseller than I wouldn't be happy writing and I would feel like a failure at the end of it if I didn't become a New York Times bestseller because I would feel like, "I did all this work for nothing." Whereas if I'm just happy with the process of writing and sharing and exploring my ideas, it's like I've already won. I finished the book, I gave it to my publisher and I feel content, I feel happy, I feel accomplished because I did the work.
If doing the work is enough then I think that we know we're on the right track whereas it's like, "Well my business isn't successful until it makes a million dollars a month." Why bro? Why does it need to make that much money? Maybe you need $10,000 a month or less to be happy or comfortable. I think that if we focus more on the process and less on the hopeful outcome of the process we can get a lot further with not feeling like a failure at all times.
Louis: I'm nodding aggressively right now. I know you're listening to this podcast, you can't see me which is a shame but I discovered that the hard way. I used to always, always think of the outcome that I might get by doing something and I used to give up very, very easily. Anything I would start would be like, "Oh shit I don't get enough traffic, fuck. We'll just stop it."
When I switched the focus to the process, doing things every day, focusing on that, knowing that what you're doing is good enough, you will get feedback anyway. That's the loop that is closed anyway, you're just going to improve. You just need to fucking show up. That, at the end of the day, one of the core principles of good marketing and good business and living a good life is you show up, every day, every week, every month.
You do the same thing over and over again, like you send a newsletter every Sunday, you publish a podcast every Tuesday. You just show up, people will trust you and the outcome will come. You don't know when exactly but it will. You just need to stick to what you believe in, which is why, connection to the second point, purpose is so important.
You should do something you truly believe in then you will stick to your process, even if at the start you don't have the outcome you hope for, you shouldn't even look at your stats at the start, just focus on the fucking process.
Paul: Yeah. My mailing list was a couple hundred people at the end of the first year. People were always like, "I want to build a mailing list like yours and have it at the size that it's at." I'm like, "Send an email every week and don't ever miss a week for six years." It's like, that's not the sexy answer and continually listen to feedback. It's not like, there's no growth hack there. Six years of growth is no growth hack but it's what honestly happens.
Louis: I'm glad you said that, I wanted to ask you how long you've been doing that for. Usually the answer always goes back to that, how did you become a good blogger, how do you rank number one for super competitive terms, how do you fucking have a successful podcast or YouTube channel?
Well, just show up, do the work and do it again and do it again because you love it, you're going to keep going. One day, not one day necessarily, one magic day but it will happen. You will get the results you're hoping for or at least you should get some results if you keep at it. That's the biggest lesson for me, I have to say, in this project Everyone Hates Marketers compared to anything else I've done before. This is the first time I've decided, "You know what? I'm just going to fucking show up and do the work." But because I enjoy it and I think this is also the lesson.
I don't think I could stick to writing an article every week on an email list because I hate, I don't necessarily like writing however I can probably do easily two interviews a day like this one, no problem, without fail for five years. But you probably wouldn't, I don't know you might.
Paul: Oh no, I couldn't do, I do probably 10 interviews a year for podcasting. That's enough for me. But writing an article every week, I love it. Even after six years I still love it.
Louis: Keep me on track here I just thinking about it. There you go. It needs to be connected with who you are, the kind of things you like doing that are energizing you because you can't really stick to something that doesn't energize you. It gets, you're going to discover that by doing shit.
You might fail a few times but I discovered podcasting or interviewing people or just talking like this on a microphone by accident really when I was trying before to stick to a blog and stick to written form of content which I just don't fucking enjoy. That's it. I'm not good at it. I don't like it. Fuck that. I'm just going to do video and podcasts and that should be good enough to start with.
Anything else we haven't touched on from your fantastic book? Or all the stuff you wanted to chat about?
Paul: No, we covered a lot here. I like it.
Louis: All right. Let me ask you a few questions I tend to ask at the end of the show. I hope you're prepared. What do you think marketers should learn today that will help them in the next 10 years, 20 years, 50 years?
Paul: Listen to people. Super techy but yeah.
Louis: What software do you use for that?
Paul: Anything. I think we try to put all of these technology things in between talking to human beings like human beings. We don't need to.
Louis: That's it. What are the top three resources you'd recommend our listeners today?
Paul: Other than Company of One, I don't know. I think having a newsletter, whether you send out articles or podcasts or whatever I think is a good idea. It doesn't even matter. All of the, I obviously teach a course on Mail Chimp so I like Mail Chimp but it's a super competitive market so pretty much anything that is a newsletter software is good, Bird Kit, whatever, Mail Chimp. It doesn't matter. Doing that.
I think just being part of the community and again, this is not, there's not a tool for this but be part of the community you want to sell to. It doesn't make sense, I think it was Justin Jackson, one of my buddies, who is a marketer was talking about how his friend wanted to make a real estate tool, he wanted to make tools for real estate agents. Justin was like, "How many real estate agents do you know?" He's like, "None." He's like, "Well how many real estate conferences have you been to?" He's like, "None." It's really hard to make something for people you don't understand.
I think a lot of times the first step is being part of the audience you want to sell to. Get to know them. Engage. Participate. Do those things. That doesn't require, maybe there's a sub Reddit for it but maybe there isn't a tool at all for it.
Louis: Okay. A newsletter tool, listening to people, going to conferences, anything else?
Paul: Participating. Learning, as well. I think spending time learning not just your own isolated bubble or niche or whatever, learn other things. I think that it just makes us better people. That's where I think growth isn't always good in business but I think personal growth always is good. If you expand your mind, if you expand the boundaries of what you think you know, if you challenge the things you hold as facts, I think you can just become a more well-rounded and more intelligent person if you challenge the ideas that you hold to be true.
Louis: That's a great way to end the conversation. I have one last question to ask because I think people are very eager to know, how can they send this email where they get a reply? Where can listeners connect from you and learn more from you?
Paul: If you Google Paul Jarvis, on the first couple pages, the website is P-J-R-V-S.com which most people can't remember to type in. Just Google Paul, my name, Paul Jarvis. Sunday Dispatches is on every page on my website. There's no social shares, there's no anything else. The only thing you can do on my website is read articles or sign up for my mailing list on purpose.
Louis: Again, creating tension and not just following all the fucking growth hacks available. Paul, thanks so much for your time, once again it's been a brilliant conversation. I'm glad you're challenging the status quo.
Paul: Anytime. Thanks so much for having me on the show today.
Louis: You're welcome.


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Wednesday, November 12, 2008
Chicken Pot Pies
makes about 8
1 stick of butter
1/2 cup of flour
1/2 yellow onion, diced
1 14 ounce can of chicken stock
3 cups (about) of homemade chicken stock that has been reduced and defatted *
3 cups (about) of diced left-over chicken*
2 medium carrots, peeled and diced small
3 medium potatoes, peeled and diced rather small
6 white mushrooms, sliced up rather thin
1/2 cup frozen peas
French herb mix, about 1 teaspoon
salt and pepper
1 package puff pastry, cut into 8 squares big enough to top the chosen baking dishes
1 egg + 1 tsp water for egg wash
8 8-10 ounce ramekins or other appropriately sized dishes that can go into the oven
* The chicken and chicken stock
The other day I made roast chicken for dinner. I had stuffed it with chopped carrots and onion. The vegies didn't cook, but after dinner, I pulled all the left-over meat off the chicken, then I put the carcus and vegies into a pot and added a bunch of water, not enough to quite cover the chicken. I put on the lid and cooked for a while. Then I took off the lid and smushed down the chicken into the water, and cooked the whole lot for a while more. When it all looked quite cooked, with the bones all falling apart, I put the whole thing through a strainer - the cone shaped kind. I put the strained liquid back into the pot and cooked it a while longer to reduce it. Then I put it into a bowl and then into the refrigerator. When it was all cooled down the chicken fat was nice and solid on the top, and I scooped it off - saving it, as it was lovely rendered chicken fat. It was this remainder that I used in the pot pies - it was probably about 3 cups, but I didn't measure it.
making the filling
So for the filling for the pies I got a large saucier, melted the stick of butter and added the onions. I cooked those for a while, until the onions seemed tender, and then I added the flour, and cooked that for about 2 minutes. Then I quickly whisked in the chicken broths, stirring vigorously to make sure there were no lumps. I then added the carrots. With hind sight, I think that I would have put the carrots in a bowl with a bit of water, cover them with plastic wrap, and cooked them for a couple minutes in the microwave, as it took them a while before they were cooked. So when the carrots seemed well on their way to being cooked, I added the potatoes. These I then cooked for about 10 minutes. then I added the chicken, mushrooms and peas and simmer the whole thing for about 5 minutes.
I had preheated my gas oven to 400 degrees. The filling that I made would probably fill 8 pies, but I only made 4. I used 10 oz. soufflé dishes. These are big enough for a dinner for a man. I did not eat all of mine, and I think maybe a 6 oz dish would have been enough. But anyway, I filled the dishes. Got my puff pastry squares cut to size and brushed then with egg wash, and press them down onto the dishes. Then I baked them for 20 minutes.
For more on this recipe, go to Molly Loves Paris.
Posted by Molly Loves Paris at Wednesday, November 12, 2008
Labels: savouries
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Dance for Parkinson Disease
To enhance health and quality of life for older adults living with Parkinson disease and related disorders (PD) in west central Illinois, by providing ongoing accessible group dance programs for persons with PD and their care partners.
Due to the need to maintain social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic, all classes are being offered live online at this time.
We offer dance groups for people with Parkinson disease and related disorders and their care partners in Springfield Illinois. We welcome dancers at any level of ability.
The classes are supported by the American Parkinson Disease Association, St. Louis Chapter. Wednesday classes are made possible by a grant from the King's Daughters Organization at the Community Foundation for the Land of Lincoln. In-kind support for all face to face classes is provided by First Presbyterian Church and Historic Grace Lutheran Church in Springfield. Our generous individual donors and dedicated volunteers keep us dancing.
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I have listed a new property at 402 55 10 AVE E in Vancouver.
The largest penthouse unit at Abbey Lane, a quiet, perfectly situated building two blocks west of Main. This completely renovated 2 bed, 2 bath home boasts spectacular city and mountain views from the open concept living/dining rooms, kitchen, both bedrooms, and almost 300 sq. ft private rooftop patio. Plenty of great features including granite counters, high end S/S appliances, vaulted ceilings, and a custom stone-walled gas fireplace in the living area. Loads of insuite closet space with custom closet organizers PLUS a locker on the same floor. Well run with a pro-active strata, building recently has new roof, exterior paint, and fences. 2 side by side parking, rentals OK, pets too w/restrictions. Walk score 99. Truly a must see! Sneak peak Thursday 5:30-7:30pm, open Sat/Sun 2-4pm.


text: I'm sure by now you heard the iTunes news that came out a little over a week ago. THe nearly two-decade-old iTunes is going away to be replaced by three key functional areas it serves anyway: Apple Music, Apple Podcasts and Apple TV. But how will that effect us podcasters (especially those of us who … Continue reading How iTunes Shutting Down Effects Podcasters


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Canterbury Archaeological Trust has recently completed a seven week archaeological investigation within the grounds of St Edmund's School, Canterbury. The site is located on a former playing field to the south of Giles Lane on the upper ridge of St Thomas' Hill overlooking Canterbury and the Stour basin to the south-east. The investigation was commissioned by St Edmund's School in advance of the proposed development of the field for a state of the art Astroturf pitch.
The geology of the area is dominated by Tertiary Eocene London Clays, overlain by later drift deposits of (Pleistocene or later) 4th River Terrace Gravels. The London Clays formed an impermeable surface just 0.40m below the present ground level. In this area in particular this appears to have led to a perched water table, with a spring and stream located to the north of the site.
An initial evaluation of the site conducted in April 2012 revealed tentative traces of settlement activity dated to the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age (1100–700 BC). The evidence included two enclosure ditches filled with abundant charcoal, burnt flint and pottery fragments, several post-holes and a very rare example of a domestic fire pit with burnt sides and base, surrounded by up to six stake-holes.
The results from the evaluation suggested that there was a high probability that further features relating to a small settlement could exist within the proposed development area and further investigation was required to mitigate for the impact of the development.
Between 21st May and 1st June an area of 4901m² was machine stripped of up to 0.40m of subsoil, topsoil and turf. This revealed up to 400 individual archaeological features that were scattered across the excavation area, with a clear concentration in the south-east and east. This appeared to represent a significant settlement with at least two phases of occupation. Between 6th June and 6th July a team of archaeologists from the Trust undertook the process of excavating and recording this landscape.
The earliest features at the site consisted of up to five linear field boundary ditches that formed a field system typical of land management used during the late Bronze Age (1100–700 BC). The majority of the remaining features have been dated to the Iron Age (700 BC to AD 43), although detailed analysis of the pottery has yet to be completed. Located in the south-east of the site the ditches identified in the evaluation were traced forming an L-shaped enclosure. Several clusters of post-holes and shallow pits were identified within this that may have formed small posted structures and refuse pits associated with a settlement.
It appears that the first phase of Iron Age occupation included two small structures that incorporated an outcrop of natural clay in their construction. These unusual buildings were each approximately 4m long and 2m wide composed of several timber posts that may have supported a roof; the possible remains of drip gullies were identified. Both these structures may have been used for small scale industrial activities. Some metalworking slag residues were found within one and fragments of loomweights were identified in the other.
A series of shallow sub-oval pits was identified following a ridge of natural London Clay from the north-west of the site to the south-east. No waste material was found within these and it is likely that they were quarry pits for clay to be used for pottery, loomweights or for structural use.
The second phase of occupation in the Iron Age saw an enlargement of the settlement area with the introduction of a mammoth north-east to south-west aligned curvilinear boundary ditch with two rounded termini that formed an entrance to the north-west. Within this boundary was a very large subcircular posted structure that likely formed a round-house with a diameter of up to 15m. This was also partially encircled by a drip gully. This round-house is typical of the style of houses for the mid/late Iron Age (400 BC to AD 43) and would likely have been home to several generations of the same family as well as their animals.
Nearby to this building the intact buried base of a large pottery vessel was discovered. Excavated on site, no traces of human remains that would have been associated with a cremation were found within it and the vessel may have been placed in this position for ceremonial or spiritual reasons. The soil from within the pot will be analysed in our laboratory to identify any small fragments of bone or plant material that may be present.
The most surprising structure to be identified on site consisted of a sub-square shallow scoop approximately 4.8m long, 3.8m wide and up to 0.30m deep that formed a sunken area surrounded by over twenty stake-holes and several post-holes. Adjacent to this was a second much smaller sunken-featured structure that may have been related. It is possible that these structures were specialised storage buildings set away from the main settlement.
The majority of the post-holes identified within the excavation contained cultural material such as pottery and burnt flint. This indicates that once the posts were no longer in use they were deliberately removed and the hole backfilled with soil and domestic waste, a process indicative of a progressively developing and changing area of settlement.
Finds from the site were almost predominantly associated with domestic waste and large quantities of burnt flint-tempered pottery were recovered that appear to show a development in style and technique. The most abundant material recovered were quantities of burnt flint nodules. This material may have been crushed to provide a temper in pottery making or heated for a domestic purpose such as cooking.
Over one hundred soil samples have been taken from various features across the site in order to identify micro animal and plant and remains such as seeds, grasses, insects and charred organic matter. This material can be used in obtaining accurate dates through the process of carbon 14 dating as well as giving a clearer understanding of the surrounding environment during the period.
Analysis and assessment of the finds and excavation data is underway. The discovery of such a substantial Iron Age settlement in this position was completely unexpected and the final results of this investigation will give us a far greater insight into the developing settlement of the upper ridges along the Great Stour valley in this period that culminated in the construction of Bigbury hillfort.
Our thanks are extended to Bob Smith (Bursar, St Edmund's School) for commissioning the work and to the excavation team for their fantastic work in weather conditions that resulted in hard sun-baked clay on some days to wet, heavy and clinging clay on others.
Ross Lane
Senior Archaeologist
Video: Excavation of fire pit
The excavation at St Edmund's School presented a fantastic opportunity to give pupils a chance to see archaeology in action and a give them an extended learning experience outside of the classroom. Thanks to Fran Martin (History teacher at the senior school) and Mary Yearlsley (Lower School co-ordinator) this was made possible.
Classes from both the junior and the senior school took part (years 3 to 9) and another tour was made up of staff and sixth form pupils. Many of the pupils had visited Butser Ancient Farm, an experimental archaeological site that displays on-going constructions of buildings based on real sites from prehistory. The chance for the children to see an Iron Age excavation on their own playing field can have only helped consolidate their learning of this period.
Groups comprised approximately twenty pupils and the tour programme started with a brief introduction into our role as archaeologists. The pupils were shown trays of pottery sherds and burnt flint (abundant across the site) and were given the chance to handle the flint and consider what Iron Age people might have used it for. The flint lying in the sun, helped demonstrate that the material retains heat!
From observation at the edge of the excavation area, the pupils were quick to grasp how as archaeologists we look for colour and shape to identify features. The children quickly spotted the half-sectioned pits, post-holes and the criss-cross field drains. From here it was highlighted to the groups that the area showed evidence of a small Iron Age settlement. A large scale plan illustrated their location on the site. The pupils were able to access the site through pre-designated routes and within one area a model of a round-house had been placed on the ground. Here the pupils were encouraged to discuss what building materials would have been used and what it would have been like to live in a round-house (their Butser field trip helped them relate to this). After discussing a round-house it was revealed that where they stood was potentially right in the middle of one! Pupils were then able to point out the evidence for a possible drip gully.
The route led the group on to where a find had been made that morning in a ditch terminus. The find in question was a triangular Iron Age loomweight and a laminate of an artist's reconstruction of a loom was used to demonstrate how the weight was a component of this and how it would have been used in the weaving process.
The next stop was to look at a boundary ditch that spanned the extent of the excavation. Pupils were shown that south of the boundary contained the possible settlement whilst north of the ditch it was clear to see that less features were present.
The final part of the route on site was to visit a structure on the north-western limit of the excavation. The children were instructed to stand in a line opposite it and asked to say what they observed on the ground. They were quick to see the lines of post-holes and after some discussion the idea was formulated that a small building would have stood there. We then speculated on its use and why it was located away from the main settlement. Although we may never know its original function, it was a good exercise in stimulating their imaginations and interpretive skills, giving them an insight into the questions archaeologists ask.
On returning to the finds table off site the children were shown a reconstructed Iron Age vessel made from similar material to the pottery sherds shown to them earlier. Showing the children a complete object rather than fragments helped them identify its function and how a person might have used it.
Some of the children went on to do further work in the classroom based on the site visit and we were delighted to be able to judge two shortlisted pieces of coursework that had been given to us by a history teacher from the senior school. The coursework was to make an A3 display sheet that described and illustrated an Iron Age round-house and the winner received a book token.
The tours were a great success with approximately 150 people (including pupils and staff) visiting the site. The children benefitted from seeing and experiencing an archaeological site on their own school grounds and it was great to help develop their knowledge of the Iron Age period in Britain, a period often overlooked in favour of the Roman era.
Andrew Macintosh
Senior Archaeologist


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The long-awaited upgrade of New Zealand's most remote regional airport moved one step closer last week when the Board of Chatham Island Airport Ltd signed an agreement with the Provincial Development Unit for NZ$98,000 of funding from the Provincial Growth Fund.
"This is the next step in a vital project for the Chatham Islands, the lengthening and strengthening of the community owned Inia William Tuuta Memorial Airport" said airport company board chair Allan MacGibbon.
This funding will enable the completion of the technical specifications and preliminary costing of the airport development through the completion of the final geotechnical laboratory tests. It will also support completion of a comprehensive business case for the funding of this vital regional infrastructure project.
Chatham Islands Airport Limited is part of the Chatham Islands Enterprise Trust. It is a charity and public benefit entity owned by all Chatham Islanders.
With the financial support of the Chatham Islands Enterprise Trust, the Airport Company has invested significantly in operational improvements including $750,000 of innovative solar runway lighting upgrades in September. It has also contributed close to $100,000 this year in survey, geotechnical and technical design work to support the technical specification design for runway improvements. However, the costs of the upgrades are well beyond the means of the remote island community of around 600 residents.
"There is little doubt that without the Provincial Growth Fund there is little likelihood of the Island Community having the means to advance this project" added Mr MacGibbon. The project to lengthen the current 4,495ft (1,370m) runway out to 6,070ft (1,850m) metres and strengthen it to cater for larger and faster Code 4C jet aircraft (Boeing 737/Airbus A320 class) stems from the airport company's goal to ensure the airport can deliver the island community's social and economic needs for the next 30 to 50 years.


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Tim and Marilynne's Romantic DinnerAugust 12, 2019
Do you remember this beautiful love story, where Lionwood Senior Living residents Tim and Marilynne found each other taking art classes? Well, if you haven't read the full story, you still can here; it's so heartwarming!
Love Story
Tim and Marilynne met in November 2016 after they had both become residents at our True Blue community, Lionwood Senior Living. Their eyes first met in the front lobby while Marilynne was waiting for one of her friends to pick her up. They immediately struck up a conversation and felt like they had been friends forever. After their initial conversation, they just waved at each other each time their paths would cross. A year and a half later, they both started to attend the professional art classes that Arts Council OKC provides at Lionwood. They shared a love of painting and started dating after spending lots of time in art class together. They also attended Bible study together and they became inseparable. A few months later, Tim proposed to Marilynne and it was a complete surprise! But, she was deeply in love with Tim, so of course, her answer was yes! They were married on July 19, 2018. How sweet!
First Valentine's Day
Fast forward 6 months later to February 2019 and their first Valentine's Day together as a married couple. The Lionwood team decided to do something very special for them! After talking to Tim and Marilynne separately and seeing what each of them considered to be romantic, as well as their favorite meal, the Lionwood True Blue team decided to give them a special night out with a lakeside sunset dinner at Mama Rojas Mexican Restaurant!
They ordered their favorite Mexican dishes and enjoyed a relaxing dinner while watching the beautiful sunset over Lake Hefner. They absolutely loved it! They were able to watch so many birds, including pelicans, while they ate. Tim especially loved watching the pelicans, as he is a former Science Teacher!
When Tim and Marilynne returned to Lionwood, they found a romantic gift basket filled with wine, wine glasses, chocolates, and roses. They both told the team that the experience was one they were so thankful for—and will never forget.
Marilynne said, "I was so happy to get to go out with my husband as we don't get out as much as we would like to. It was just so nice and such a treat. We had a wonderful time and we truly feel blessed to have found each other at Lionwood. We love being a part of the Lionwood family!"
And the Lionwood family loves you, Marilynne and Tim! Be sure to check out more WOW! Moments and follow us on Facebook for more heartwarming updates!
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Sexy Soul Sessions with Sarah Daye is a monthly LIVE evening of Soul music produced by Grammy Nominated Singer Sarah Daye in LA featuring with her Daye Dream Team. Expect a fabulous variety of pop, soul, jazz, funk, r&b, Motown, classics and Daye originals. A full evening of Entertainment hosted by International soul diva Miss Daye, named by popular press. Guest dj's between sets, with special guest artists, pro singers and A list musicians, friends featuring. Some of the BEST in the biz. Many legendary Catz have graced the stage with Daye. A show you don't wanna miss! Much success thus far & there is no wonder. From Canada to touring Sth East Asia many years successfully, now in LA paving her way from this intimate home base, to the BIG Vegas stage as you can see. Doors open 8pm - ShowTime: 9:30pm-12:30am - Venue: www.Seventy7Lounge.com.
For more info and booking inquiries email: email@example.com
Great Food, Craft Cocktails, Community fun at the hottest speak easy in Culver City! A monthly date to save for date night, girls night out, or a chill solo hang to meet new friends.. (No Cover) Yes, it's FREE!
Reservations recommended for tables!


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I promised you some atheist material today. I lied.
If I'm desperate enough for content to post Slate's anti-Redskins grandstanding, you'd better believe I'm willing to post this:
Reed's team and emergency workers from several other jurisdictions tried for at least 45 minutes to remove the twisted metal from around Lentz. Various pieces of equipment broke and the team was running out of choices. A helicopter waited to carry Lentz to the nearest trauma center. Though Lentz appeared calm, talking about her church and her studies toward a dentistry degree, her vital signs were beginning to fail, Reed said…
That's when Lentz asked if someone would pray with her and a voice said, "I will."
The silver-haired priest in his 50s or 60s in black pants, black shirt and black collar with visible white insert stepped forward from nowhere. It struck Reed as odd because the street was blocked off 2 miles from the scene and no one from the nearby communities recognized him…
Everything happened quickly after that. Twenty emergency workers pulled together and sat the car upright, Churchill Lentz said. Katie Lentz's vital signs improved and a rescue team from a neighboring community suddenly appeared with fresh equipment and tools. Lentz was removed and rushed to the hospital.
When they went to thank the priest, he was gone as mysteriously as he'd arrived — and according to Reed, among 69 photographs taken at the scene during the rescue, the priest doesn't appear in a single one. Dude?
More from KHQA:
"He came up and approached the patient, and offered a prayer," Reed said. "It was a Catholic priest who had anointing oil with him. A sense of calmness came over her, and it did us as well. I can't be for certain how it was said, but myself and another firefighter, we very plainly heard that we should remain calm, that our tools would now work and that we would get her out of that vehicle."
The Hannibal Fire Department showed up right after that prayer with fresh equipment and was able to finish the extrication. After getting Katie safely into the Air Evac helicopter, at least a dozen of the rescue workers turned around to thank the priest who was no where in sight. The highway had been blocked for a quarter of a mile during the hour and a half rescue, leaving no bystanders and no parked cars nearby. Lentz' family and friends are amazed by the story.
"Where did this guy come from?" Lentz's friend Travis Wiseman asked. "We're looking for the priest and so far, no one has seen him. Whether it was a priest as an angel or an actual angel, he was an angel to all those and to Katie."
In comparing the two accounts, I noticed that Reed is the only person who's directly quoted as having seen the priest. But other people did see him; another person present at the crash site told KHQA he had dark hair, a dark complexion, an accent of some sort, and was maybe 5'6″ or so. Another bystander added that he had horn-rimmed glasses and bore a resemblance to Walter Matthau. How that description, of a short-ish dark-haired man, squares with the USA Today account of a man six feet tall or so with silver hair, I have no idea. Another discrepancy: USA Today says the road was blocked off for two miles but KHQA says it was only a quarter-mile. How hard is it to imagine a priest from out of state driving by, noticing the roadblock, figuring out somehow that there was an accident, and walking up the road to the scene in order to help? He had plenty of time to cover a quarter-mile during the hour or so that they were first working on her. Then, in the flurry of excitement once the car was back on its wheels and the emergency workers were preoccupied with evacuating Lentz, he simply walked back to his own car and drove away.
Let's ask a fellow priest what he thinks of the angelic explanation:
Father James Martin, a Jesuit priest and author of My Life with the Saints, has a different theory.
"Most likely the priest will be identified, and people will be able to thank him," he told The Huffington Post in an emailed message Thursday. "If he's not found, that may mean he wants to remain anonymous. Could it have been an angel? There are similar 'angelic' stories in the lives of the saints, when a figure inexplicably appears and cannot be located afterwards. There are angels, of course, but we tend to ascribe to angels anonymous acts that we find incredibly loving — when in fact human beings do incredibly loving things in hidden ways every day."
Imagine if you're the mystery priest watching the buzz of excitement and wonderment from people who want to believe an angel was responsible. Do you come forward, or do you lie low to encourage it?


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Here we are in June and starting our Wedding Season! We have a lot of wonderful weddings and other events set up for the summer. It is going to be fun filled for sure.
There are still some spots available for June. Call us to reserve your next event! 801-663-8156


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Many Indians (and some Indians) will know that few people in the Indian cinema industry have ripped off either certain aspects, looks of the lead character or a complete theme of either a movie from another country.
The level of ripping off has evolved a bit (not in a good way) when one of Abhishek Bachhan's movie 'Dhrona' (or something like that) took some inspiration from (a piss poor version judging by the trailer) Prince of Persia game. And it didn't stop there. But this story takes the cake as the overall theme of Ubisoft's released game 'Watch Dogs' is ripped off. One maybe tempted to ask the question to the 'writer' of the low-budget movie (assuming it is): "What were you thinking???? And you thought no1 will notice???"
Mind you, this is not just for a poster or a dress code of a lead character, but it seems that the entire movie is based on the look and feel of the recently released Ubisoft's Watch Dogs. The trailer was also recently launched:
The trailer shows that the lead character of the movie is planning to commit a series of bomb blasts by hacking satellites via an extraordinary software he built to track terrorism in the first place (but got caught as one) and a mobile phone….and they apparently some thugs also kidnapped some damsel like you'll see in a typical cheesy movie. While the trailer almost doesn't show some of the game's theme until the last section where it shows the release date and part of the credits (and an attempt to hack using a mobile), the promotional materials of the movie such as posters strongly implies that its using a part of the game's overall plot.
Its uncertain whether or not Ubisoft would be doing anything about it, but we've asked a question to a PR just to confirm that this isn't some sort of a promotional. Till then, enjoy the lulz! The movie (assuming it would be allowed) will be releasing on June 13th at a cinema near you! The game on the hand was released during this week and available in India for PC, PS3, PS4 Xbox One and Xbox 360. We're also working on a review (of the game) as well.


text: viking73 Posted January 21, 2019 Share Posted January 21, 2019 (edited) Hi ARC, I'm not sure if this is the correct forum area to post this, but I'm pretty pumped about this new injected kit of the N I K E - Hercules: I can finally trash my old, crappy and poor fitting Revell box scale kit! I've never heard of this company before but according to Facebook page, this kit will be out in March! Can't wait!! -Derek Edited January 21, 2019 by viking73 Quote Link to post Share on other sites


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"Eva" Round Sheepskin Pouffe or Footstool - Carbon Grey - Shepherd of Sweden
A beautiful and versatile seating option. Perfect as a pouffe or footstool and also a wonderful extra, occasional seat for the living room, playroom, TV room...Made from pure short-haired Australian sheepskin, which is super soft and dense, with a slight curl, the Eva is larger, less structured and softer than Shepherd's other sheepskin pouf (Frida).
Great for a relaxed, Scandi look.
Colour: Carbon Grey - a very dark grey Size: Dia 60 x H 40cm
Design savvy Shepherd of Sweden combine traditional craftsmanship with modern design, using the best natural materials, everything they produce having traces of something traditional, beautiful, stylish and new. They strive to ensure that their manufacturing and production processes are as kind to nature as possible and all subcontractors are placed under strict demands in terms of raising and caring for animals. Hides are only used from suppliers and sheep farmers who have signed an agreement guaranteeing that they follow very strict husbandry rules and a local veterinary signs the same agreement. All hide processing, both in their own factories and those of their subcontractors, is subject to rigid environmental specifications to guarantee that all products do not contain anything that might harm people, animals or the environment, all substances used in their products are tested and approved by SATRA, an independent research and testing organisation.
Copyright © 2020 Greige Lifestyle.


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The MiraCosta College Music Department offers courses in both traditional and commercial music for students who plan on transferring as music majors to four-year institutions, for those who need to satisfy general education requirements, and for those who wish to earn a certificate or associate degree in traditional or commercial music. The program provides performance opportunities for both music and non-music majors.
Careers in traditional music include professional performance, conducting, arts management, composing, academic research, and public and private teaching. Employment opportunities in the commercial music industry include audio recording, MIDI music systems, professional songwriting, sound reinforcement, production, and music business.