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INTERNET-DRAFT Sami Boutros Intended Status: Standard Track VMware Ali Sajassi Samer Salam Cisco Systems John Drake Juniper Networks J. Rabadan Nokia Expires: November
5,15, 2017 May 4,14, 2017 VPWSVirtual Private Wire Service support in EVPN draft-ietf-bess-evpn-vpws-13.txtEthernet VPN draft-ietf-bess-evpn-vpws-14.txt Abstract This document describes how EVPNEthernet VPN (EVPN) can be used to support Virtual Private Wire Service (VPWS) in MPLS/IP networks. EVPN enables the following characteristics for VPWS: single-active as well as all- activeall-active multi-homing with flow-based load-balancing, eliminates the need for Pseudowire (PW) signaling, and provides fast protection convergence upon node or link failure. Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/1id-abstracts.html The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html Copyright and License Notice Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 Service interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1 VLAN-Based Service Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2 VLAN Bundle Service Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2.1 Port-Based Service Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 2.3 VLAN-Aware Bundle Service Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3. BGP Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.1 EVPN Layer 2 attributes extended community . . . . . . . . . 7 4 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 EVPN Comparison to PW Signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1011 6 Failure Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 6.1 Single-Homed CEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 6.2 Multi-Homed CEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1112 7 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 8 Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9 IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 10.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1213 10.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1314 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1314 1 Introduction This document describes how EVPN can be used to support Virtual Private Wire Service (VPWS)VPWS in MPLS/IP networks. The use of EVPN mechanisms for VPWS (EVPN-VPWS) brings the benefits of EVPN to P2PPoint to Point (P2P) services. These benefits include single-active redundancy as well as all-active redundancy with flow-based load-balancing. Furthermore, the use of EVPN for VPWS eliminates the need for traditional way of PW signaling for P2P Ethernet services, as described in section 4. [RFC7432] provides the ability to forward customer traffic to/from a given customer Attachment Circuit (AC), without any MACMedia Access Control (MAC) lookup. This capability is ideal in providing P2P services (aka VPWS services). [MEF] defines Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) service as P2P service between a pair of ACs (designated by VLANs) and Ethernet Private Line (EPL) service, in which all traffic flows are between a single pair of ports, that in EVPN terminology would mean a single pair of Ethernet Segments ES(es). EVPL can be considered as a VPWS with only two ACs. In delivering an EVPL service, the traffic forwarding capability of EVPN is based on the exchange of a pair of Ethernet Auto-discovery (A-D) routes; whereas, for more general VPWS as per [RFC4664], traffic forwarding capability of EVPN is based on the exchange of a group of Ethernet AD routes (one Ethernet AD route per AC/ES). In a VPWS service, the traffic from an originating Ethernet Segment can be forwarded only to a single destination Ethernet Segment; hence, no MAC lookup is needed and the MPLS label associated with the per EVPN instance (EVI) Ethernet A-D route can be used in forwarding user traffic to the destination AC. For both EPL and EVPL services, a specific VPWS service instance is identified by a pair of per-EVI Ethernet A-D routes which together identify the VPWS service instance endpoints and the VPWS service instance. In the control plane the VPWS service instance is identified using the VPWS service instance identifiers advertised by each PE.Provider Edge node (PE). In the data plane the value of the MPLS label advertised by one PE is used by the other PE to send traffic for that VPWS service instance. As with the Ethernet Tag in standard EVPN, the VPWS service instance identifier has uniqueness within an EVPN instance. For EVPN routes, the Ethernet Tag IDs are set to zero for Port-based, VLAN-based, and VLAN-bundle interface mode and set to non-zero Ethernet Tag IDs for VLAN-aware bundle mode. Conversely, for EVPN- VPWS, the Ethernet Tag ID in the Ethernet A-D route MUST be set to a non-zero value for all four service interface types. In terms of route advertisement and MPLS label lookup behavior, EVPN- VPWS resembles the VLAN-aware bundle mode of [RFC7432] such that when a PE advertises per-EVI Ethernet A-D route, the VPWS service instance serves as a 32-bit normalized Ethernet Tag ID. The value of the MPLS label in this route represents both the EVI and the VPWS service instance, so that upon receiving an MPLS encapsulated packet, the disposition PE can identify the egress AC from the MPLS label and subsequently perform any required tag translation. For EVPL service, the Ethernet frames transported over an MPLS/IP network SHOULD remain tagged with the originating VLAN-ID (VID) and any VID translation MUST be performed at the disposition PE. For EPL service, the Ethernet frames are transported as is and the tags are not altered. The MPLS label value in the Ethernet A-D route can be set to the Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN) Network Identifier (VNI) for VXLAN encapencapsulation as per [RFC7348], and this VNI will have a local scope per PE and may also be equal to the VPWS service instance identifier set in the Ethernet A-D route. When using VXLAN encap, the BGP Encapsulation extended community is included in the Ethernet A-D route as described in [ietf-evpn-overlay]. The VXLAN VNI like the MPLS label that will be set in the tunnel header used to tunnel Ethernet packets from all the service interface types defined in section 2. The EVPN-VPWS techniques defined in this document has no dependency on the tunneling technology. The Ethernet Segment identifier encoded in the Ethernet A-D per-EVI route is not used to identify the service. However it can be used for flow-based load-balancing and mass withdraw functions as per the [RFC7432] baseline. As with standard EVPN, the Ethernet A-D per-ES route is used for fast convergence upon link or node failure. The Ethernet Segment route is used for auto-discovery of the PEs attached to a given multi-homed CECustomer Edge node (CE) and to synchronize state between them. 1.1 Terminology The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. EVPN: Ethernet VPN MAC: Media Access Control MPLS: Multi Protocol Label Switching. OAM: Operations, Administration and Maintenance. PE: Provide Edge Node. ASBR: Autonomous System Border Router CE: Customer Edge device e.g., host or router or switch. EVPL: Ethernet Virtual Private Line. EPL: Ethernet Private Line. EP-LAN: Ethernet Private LAN. EVP-LAN: Ethernet Virtual Private LAN. S-VLAN: Service VLAN identifier. C-VLAN: Customer VLAN identifier. VID: VLAN-ID. VPWS: Virtual Private Wire Service. EVI: EVPN Instance. P2P: Point to Point. VXLAN: Virtual Extensible LAN. DF: Designated Forwarder. L2: Layer 2. MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit. eBGP: Exterior Border Gateway Protocol. iBGP: Internal Border Gateway Protocol. ES: Ethernet Segment on a PE refers to the link attached to it, this link can be part of a set of links attached to different PEs in multi homed cases, or could be a single link in single homed cases. ESI: Ethernet Segment Identifier. Single-Active Mode: When a device or a network is multi-homed to two or more PEs and when only a single PE in such redundancy group can forward traffic to/from the multi-homed device or network for a given VLAN, then such multi-homing or redundancy is referred to as "Single- Active". All-Active: When a device is multi-homed to two or more PEs and when all PEs in such redundancy group can forward traffic to/from the multi-homed device for a given VLAN, then such multi-homing or redundancy is referred to as "All-Active". VPWS Service Instance: It is represented by a pair of EVPN service labels associated with a pair of endpoints. Each label is downstream assigned and advertised by the disposition PE through an Ethernet A-D per-EVI route. The downstream label identifies the endpoint on the disposition PE. A VPWS service instance can be associated with only one VPWS service identifier. 2 Service interface 2.1 VLAN-Based Service Interface With this service interface, a VPWS instance identifier corresponds to only a single VLAN on a specific interface. Therefore, there is a one-to-one mapping between a VID on this interface and the VPWS service instance identifier. The PE provides the cross-connect functionality between an MPLS LSP identified by the VPWS service instance identifier and a specific <port,VLAN>. If the VLAN is represented by different VIDs on different PEs and different ES(es), (e.g., a different VID per Ethernet segment per PE), then each PE needs to perform VID translation for frames destined to its Ethernet segment. In such scenarios, the Ethernet frames transported over an MPLS/IP network SHOULD remain tagged with the originating VID, and a VID translation MUST be supported in the data path and MUST be performed on the disposition PE. 2.2 VLAN Bundle Service Interface With this service interface, a VPWS service instance identifier corresponds to multiple VLANs on a specific interface. The PE provides the cross-connect functionality between the MPLS label identified by the VPWS service instance identifier and a group of VLANs on a specific interface. For this service interface, each VLAN is presented by a single VID which means no VLAN translation is allowed. The receiving PE, can direct the traffic based on EVPN label alone to a specific port. The transmitting PE can cross-connect traffic from a group of VLANs on a specific port to the MPLS label. The MPLS-encapsulated frames MUST remain tagged with the originating VID. 2.2.1 Port-Based Service Interface This service interface is a special case of the VLAN bundle service interface, where all of the VLANs on the port are mapped to the same VPWS service instance identifier. The procedures are identical to those described in Section 2.2. 2.3 VLAN-Aware Bundle Service Interface Contrary to EVPN, in EVPN-VPWS this service interface maps to a VLAN- based service interface (defined in section 2.1) and thus this service interface is not used in EVPN-VPWS. In other words, if one tries to define data plane and control plane behavior for this service interface, one would realize that it is the same as that of VLAN-based service. 3. BGP Extensions This document specifies the use of the per-EVI Ethernet A-D route to signal VPWS services. The Ethernet Segment Identifier field is set to the customer ES and the Ethernet Tag ID 32-bit field MUST be set to the VPWS service instance identifier value. The VPWS service instance identifier value MAY be set to a 24-bit value and when a 24-bit value is used, it MUST be right aligned. For both EPL and EVPL services using a given VPWS service instance, the pair of PEs instantiating that VPWS service instance will each advertise a per-EVI Ethernet A-D route with its VPWS service instance identifier and will each be configured with the other PE's VPWS service instance identifier. When each PE has received the other PE's per-EVI Ethernet A-D route, the VPWS service instance is instantiated. It should be noted that the same VPWS service instance identifier may be configured on both PEs. The Route-Target (RT) extended community with which the per-EVI Ethernet A-D route is tagged identifies the EVPN instance in which the VPWS service instance is configured. It is the operator's choice as to how many and which VPWS service instances are configured in a given EVPN instance. However, a given EVPN instance MUST NOT be configured with both VPWS service instances and standard EVPN multi- point services. 3.1 EVPN Layer 2 attributes extended community This document defines a new extended community [RFC4360], to be included with per-EVI Ethernet A-D routes. This attribute is mandatory if multihoming is enabled. +------------------------------------+ | Type(0x06)/Sub-type(0x04)(2 octet)| +------------------------------------+ | Control Flags (2 octets) | +------------------------------------+ | L2 MTU (2 octets) | +------------------------------------+ | Reserved (2 octets) | +------------------------------------+ Figure 1: EVPN Layer 2 attributes extended community 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | MBZ |C|P|B| (MBZ = MUST Be Zero) +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 2: EVPN Layer 2 attributes Control Flags The following bits in the Control Flags are defined; the remaining bits MUST be set to zero when sending and MUST be ignored when receiving this community. Name Meaning P If set to 1 in multihoming single-active scenarios, it indicates that the advertising PE is the Primary PE. MUST be set to 1 for multihoming all-active scenarios by all active PE(s). B If set to 1 in multihoming single-active scenarios, it indicates that the advertising PE is the Backup PE. C If set to 1, a Control word [RFC4448] MUST be present when sending EVPN packets to this PE. It is recommended to include the control word in the absence of Entropy Label. L2 MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) is a 2-octet value indicating the MTU in bytes. A received L2 MTU of zero means no MTU checking against local MTU is needed. A received non-zero MTU MUST be checked against local MTU and if there is a mismatch, the local PE MUST NOT add the remote PE as the EVPN destination for the corresponding VPWS service instance. The usage of the Per ES Ethernet A-D route is unchanged from its usage in [RFC7432], i.e., the "Single-Active" bit in the flags of the ESI Label extended community will indicate if single-active or all- active redundancy is used for this ES. In multihoming scenarios, the B and P flags MUST be cleared. A PE that receives an update with both B and P flags set MUST treat the route as a withdrawal. If the PE receives a route with both B and P clear, it MUST treat the route as a withdrawal from the sender PE. In a multihoming all-active scenario, there is no DFDesignated Forwarder (DF) election, and all the PEs in the ES that are active and ready to forward traffic to/from the CE will set the P Flag. A remote PE will do per-flow load-balancing to the PEs that set the P Flag for the same Ethernet Tag and ESI. The B Flag in control flags SHOULD NOT be set in the multihoming all-active scenario and MUST be ignored by receiving PE(s) if set. In multihoming single-active scenario for a given VPWS service instance, the DF election should result in the Primary-elected PE for the VPWS service instance advertising the P Flag set and the B Flag clear, the Backup elected PE should advertise the P Flag clear and the B Flag set, and the rest of the PEs in the same ES should signal both P and B Flags clear. When the primary PE/ES fails, the primary PE will withdraw the associated Ethernet A-D routes for the VPWS service instance from the remote PE and the remote PEs should then send traffic associated with the VPWS instance to the backup PE. DF re-election will happen between the PE(s) in the same ES, and there will be a newly elected primary PE and newly elected backup PE that will signal the P and B Flags as described. A remote PE SHOULD receive the P Flag set from only one Primary PE and the B Flag set from only one Backup PE. However during transient situations, a remote PE receiving a P Flag set from more than one PE will select the last advertising PE as the primary PE when forwarding traffic. A remote PE receiving a B Flag set from more than one PE will select the last advertising PE as the backup PE. A remote PE MUST receive P Flag set from at least one PE before forwarding traffic. If a network uses entropy labels per [RFC6790] then the C Flag MUST NOT be set and control word MUST NOT be used when sending EVPN- encapsulated packets over a P2P LSP. 4 Operation The following figure shows an example of a P2P service deployed with EVPN. Ethernet Ethernet Native |<--------- EVPN Instance ----------->| Native Service | | Service (AC) | |<-PSN1->| |<-PSN2->| | (AC) | V V V V V V | | +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ | +----+ | | PE1 |======|ASBR1|==|ASBR2|===| PE3 | | +----+ | |-------+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+-------| | | CE1| | | |CE2 | | |-------+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+-------| | +----+ | | PE2 |======|ASBR3|==|ASBR4|===| PE4 | | +----+ ^ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ ^ | Provider Edge 1 ^ Provider Edge 2 | | | | | | | | EVPN Inter-provider point | | | |<---------------- Emulated Service -------------------->| Figure 3: EVPN-VPWS Deployment Model iBGP sessions are established between PE1, PE2, ASBR1 and ASBR3, possibly via a BGP route-reflector. Similarly, iBGP sessions are established between PE3, PE4, ASBR2 and ASBR4. eBGP sessions are established among ASBR1, ASBR2, ASBR3, and ASBR4. All PEs and ASBRs are enabled for the EVPN SAFI and exchange per-EVI Ethernet A-D routes, one route per VPWS service instance. For inter- AS option B, the ASBRs re-advertise these routes with the NEXT_HOP attribute set to their IP addresses as per [RFC4271]. The link between the CE and the PE is either a C-tagged or S-tagged interface, as described in [802.1Q], that can carry a single VLAN tag or two nested VLAN tags and it is configured as a trunk with multiple VLANs, one per VPWS service instance. It should be noted that the VLAN ID used by the customer at either end of a VPWS service instance to identify that service instance may be different and EVPN doesn't perform that translation between the two values. Rather, the MPLS label will identify the VPWS service instance and if translation is needed, it should be done by the Ethernet interface for each service. For single-homed CE, in an advertised per-EVI Ethernet A-D route the ESI field is set to 0 and the Ethernet Tag ID is set to the VPWS service instance identifier that identifies the EVPL or EPL service. For a multi-homed CE, in an advertised per-EVI Ethernet A-D route the ESI field is set to the CE's ESI and the Ethernet Tag ID is set to the VPWS service instance identifier, which MUST have the same value on all PEs attached to that ES. This allows an ingress PE in a multihoming all-active scenario to perform flow-based load-balancing of traffic flows to all of the PEs attached to that ES. In all cases traffic follows the transport paths, which may be asymmetric. The VPWS service instance identifier encoded in the Ethernet Tag ID in an advertised per-EVI Ethernet A-D route MUST either be unique across all ASs, or an ASBR needs to perform a translation when the per-EVI Ethernet A-D route is re-advertised by the ASBR from one AS to the other AS. A per-ES Ethernet A-D route can be used for mass withdraw to withdraw all per-EVI Ethernet A-D routes associated with the multi-home site on a given PE. 5 EVPN Comparison to PW Signaling In EVPN, service endpoint discovery and label signaling are done concurrently using BGP. Whereas, with VPWS based on [RFC4448], label signaling is done via LDP and service endpoint discovery is either through manual provisioning or through BGP. In existing implementations of VPWS using pseudowires(PWs), redundancy is limited to single-active mode, while with EVPN implementation of VPWS both single-active and all-active redundancy modes can be supported. In existing implementations with PWs, backup PWs are not used to carry traffic, while with EVPN, traffic can be load-balanced among different PEs multi-homed to a single CE. Upon link or node failure, EVPN can trigger failover with the withdrawal of a single BGP route per EVPL service or multiple EVPL services, whereas with VPWS PW redundancy, the failover sequence requires exchange of two control plane messages: one message to deactivate the group of primary PWs and a second message to activate the group of backup PWs associated with the access link. Finally, EVPN may employ data plane egress link protection mechanisms not available in VPWS. This can be done by the primary PE (on local AC down) using the label advertised in the per-EVI Ethernet A-D route by the backup PE to encapsulate the traffic and direct it to the backup PE. 6 Failure Scenarios On a link or port failure between the CE and the PE for both single and multi-homed CEs, unlike [RFC7432] the PE MUST withdraw all the associated Ethernet A-D routes for the VPWS service instances on the failed port or link. 6.1 Single-Homed CEs Unlike [RFC7432], EVPN-VPWS uses Ethernet A-D route advertisements for single-homed Ethernet Segments. Therefore, upon a link/port failure of this single-homed Ethernet Segment, the PE MUST withdraw the associated per-EVI Ethernet A-D routes. 6.2 Multi-Homed CEs For a faster convergence in multi-homed scenarios with either Single- Active Redundancy or All-active redundancy, a mass withdraw technique is used. A PE previously advertising a per-ES Ethernet A-D route, can withdraw this route by signaling to the remote PEs to switch all the VPWS service instances associated with this multi-homed ES to the backup PE. 7 Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge Jeffrey Zhang, Wen Lin, Nitin Singh, Senthil Sathappan, Vinod Prabhu, Himanshu Shah, Iftekhar Hussain, Alvaro Retana and Acee Lindem for their feedback and contributions to this document. 8 Security Considerations The mechanisms in this document use EVPN control plane as defined in [RFC7432]. Security considerations described in [RFC7432] are equally applicable. This document uses MPLS and IP-based tunnel technologies to support data plane transport. Security considerations described in [RFC7432] and in [ietf-evpn-overlay] are equally applicable. 9 IANA Considerations IANA has allocated the following EVPN Extended Community sub-type: SUB-TYPE VALUE NAME Reference 0x04 EVPN Layer 2 Attributes [RFCXXXX] This document creates a registry called "EVPN Layer 2 Attributes Control Flags". New registrations will be made through the "RFC Required" procedure defined in [RFC5226]. Initial registrations are as follows: P Advertising PE is the Primary PE. B Advertising PE is the Backup PE. C Control word [RFC4448] MUST be present. 10 References 10.1 Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. [RFC7432] Sajassi, A., Ed., Aggarwal, R., Bitar, N., Isaac, A., Uttaro, J., Drake, J., and W. Henderickx, "BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN", RFC 7432, DOI 10.17487/RFC7432, February 2015, <http://www.rfc- editor.org/info/rfc7432>. [RFC4448] Martini, L., Rosen, E., El-Aawar, N., and G. Heron, "Encapsulation Methods for Transport of Ethernet over MPLS Networks", RFC 4448, April 2006. [RFC6790] Kompella, K., Drake, J., Amante, S., Henderickx, W., and L. Yong, "The Use of Entropy Labels in MPLS Forwarding", November 2012. [RFC4271] Rekhter, Y., Ed., Li, T., Ed., and S. Hares, Ed., "A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271, January 2006, <http://www.rfc- editor.org/info/rfc4271>. [RFC4360] Sangli, S., Tappan, D., and Y. Rekhter, "BGP Extended Communities Attribute", RFC 4360, February 2006, <http://www.rfc- editor.org/info/rfc4360>. [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, May 2008, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5226>. [RFC7348] Mahalingam, M., et al, "VXLAN: A Framework for Overlaying Virtualized Layer 2 Networks over Layer 3 Networks", RFC 7348, August 2014 10.2 Informative References [MEF] Metro Ethernet Forum, "Ethernet Services Definitions - Phase 2", Technical Specification MEF 6.1, April 2008, https://www.mef.net/Assets/Technical_Specifications/PDF/MEF_6.1.pdf [RFC4664] Andersson, L., Ed., and E. Rosen, Ed., "Framework for Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks (L2VPNs)", RFC 4664, September 2006, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4664>. [ietf-evpn-overlay] Sajassi-Drake et al., "A Network Virtualization Overlay Solution using EVPN", draft-ietf-bess-evpn-overlay-07.txt, work in progress, December, 2016 Contributors In addition to the authors listed on the front page, the following co-authors have also contributed to this document: Daniel Voyer Bell Canada Authors' Addresses Sami Boutros VMware, Inc. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Ali Sajassi Cisco Email: email@example.com Samer Salam Cisco Email: firstname.lastname@example.com John Drake Juniper Networks Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Jeff Tantsura Individual Email: email@example.com Dirk Steinberg Steinberg Consulting Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Patrice Brissette Cisco Email: email@example.com Thomas Beckhaus Deutsche Telecom Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Jorge Rabadan Nokia Email: email@example.com Ryan Bickhart Juniper Networks Email: email@example.com


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Whitmire calls for sentencing reform in low-level drug cases
Criminal Justice Committee Chair Sen. John Whitmire, D-Houston, has sent a strong signal now that he wants to review state drug sentencing guidelines during the 85th session of the Texas Legislature.
President Barack Obama's Smart on Crime initiative has gotten much play in recent weeks, the idea that harsh mandatory sentences often target minorities disproportionately and should be used sparingly for non-violent crimes. Whitmire saw room for a similar discussion in Texas.
"As the nation is reviewing some of the mandatory sentences of the federal courts, at some juncture would it be the purview of this commission to look at really long sentences for non-violent offenses for drugs, maybe back to the '90s or 2000s?" Whitmire asked his colleagues on the Timothy Cole Exoneration Review Commission on Thursday. "Now that we have the capacity to do the sentence, hopefully the DA knows that the person will do most of it."
Whitmire is, of course, the powerful chair of the Texas Senate's committee with jurisdiction on this and a member of the Cole Commission. His reference to the 1990s should be familiar to those who follow criminal justice, especially in Harris County. Jails were full, crime was high and lawmakers were frustrated with people who would serve, maybe, 10 years of a 20-year sentence for a non-violent crime.
In some cases, Whitmire said, convicted felons given lifetime sentences were walking out of county jails in a matter of months.
Lawmakers went ahead and rewrote the penal code in 1992, but the frustration lingered, Whitmire told his colleagues. Years after the rewrite, judges were throwing the book at non-violent offenses with the expectation of shortened stints in jail.
"You look at who gets these long sentences, and factor in that they're not going to be there, and the judges said, 'Let's go ahead and stick it on time,'" Whitmire said.
Whitmire's vice chair on the Criminal Justice Committee, Sen. Joan Huffman, R-Houston, agreed the issue was worth pursuing but that the session – as opposed to the interim – was a more appropriate time.
Whitmire immediately demurred.
"I got a chance to raise it, and I'll enjoy everyone's input at the proper time," Whitmire said before the discussion returned to exonerated cases.
Sentencing is not on the list of interim charges handed out to criminal justice recently. Instead, the focus was on jail standards in the wake of Sandra Bland's death, as well as diversion, re-entry and bulk dissemination of criminal records. The Texas Criminal Justice Coalition said a call for sentencing reform was overdue.
Shakira Pumphrey, who recently left Speaker of the House Joe Straus' office to join TCJC as its director of policy, said the Government Efficiency and Reform Report released by the Legislative Budget Board before the 83rd session called for the creation of a permanent sentencing review mechanism.
"Clearly, we all understand the value of sentencing reform in Texas," Pumphrey said, adding she had great confidence in the legislature to recognize the positive impact sentencing policies can have on corrections populations. "The bottom line is that safely reducing penalties and lengths of stay result in a savings to taxpayers. The first consideration will always be the safety of Texans, but right now Texas is squandering tax dollars by incarcerating low-level drug offenses."
Judges from both sides of the aisle have advocated for reduction in drug sentencing. According to Texas Department of Criminal Justice statistics, 16 percent of the 150,000 people incarcerated in Texas prisons were convicted of a drug offense. The vast majority of those sentenced to jail, almost 88 percent, were convicted of possession of less than a gram of a controlled substance.
TCJC advocates for local misdemeanor charges on minor drug possession charges, utilizing stronger probation methods over prison time. The tally on incarcerating 16,400 drug offenders in 2013-14 was $129 million, compared to $18 million to provide the same population with treatment alternatives.
Drug charges will also be a major component of the work of the exoneration commission, which will study the last five years of exonerated cases to make policy proposals to the legislature. Two-thirds of the 139 exoneration cases the commission will review are drug related. False confessions and dubious evidence both played a major role in drug-related cases.
The move to legalize marijuana also continues to grow in the state. On Veterans Day, Texans for the Responsible Marijuana Policy launched Operation Trapped, an effort to move Texas forward on the medical marijuana issue.

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19 Jackson Street
Williamstown's Hidden Gem!
Spectacular Views and Entertaining Areas! Flexible Private Viewings Available with Agent. Its enviable location ensures the light filled spaces of this luxurious three level home are complemented by an exceptional lifestyle, so close that every village attraction is within walking distance, further enhanced by immediate proximity to The Strand and the seascape set with amazing views. The ground floor comprises 3 generous sized bedrooms, a retreat/study area, main central bathroom, along with separate laundry & lock up garage. The 2nd level features a spacious living/dining area, designer kitchen offers Italian Carrara Marble, Siemens Appliances, Integrated dishwasher, induction hob and 4 wall ovens. A generous Master Bedroom in its own zone, with walk in robe and en-suite creates a compelling parents' wing. The 3rd level living areas, accompanied by an open plan entertaining lounge, clever kitchenette, a rooftop BBQ terrace offering spectacular 270-degree unforgettable seascapes, parklands & a stunning sunrise along with a second balcony terrace. Set in the thriving heart of Williamstown's popular shopping, café and restaurant district, this coveted location is also just moments from fine schools and public transport.
$1,550,000 - $1,650,000
Steele Sexton
0403 557 711
Gerard Hannan


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Call of Duty: World at War - XBox 360
Call of Duty: World at War - XBox 360
Call of Duty: World at War is, like its predecessors, a straightforward military first-person shooter with authentic weaponry like the Thompson Sub Machine Gun or the Arisaka Rifle Type 99, and fairly linear but heavily scripted levels that put the player right in the middle of the action with several NPC-controlled team mates always on his side to aid him and add to the atmosphere. The objectives in these missions range from clearing houses from enemies to planting bombs or defend a position. And instead of using medipacks or something similar to heal himself up, the player just needs to get out of fire for a few seconds to regenerate to full health. New this time around is the co-op campaign for up to four players, allowing everyone to play through the whole single player together with friends.
The first campaign begins on August 17, 1942 somewhere on the Makin-Atoll in the Asian-Pacific region where Pvt. Miller sits in a hut and has to watch how his squadmates are brutally murdered by Japanese soldiers. But as one soldier approaches him and prepares for the killing blow, an American bayonet comes out of his stomach. Now the roles are turned and in the following operations Pvt. Miller, under the supervision of Sgt. Roebuck, stills his lust for vengeance by helping the American troops drive back the yellow menace in recreations of real missions like "Operation Watchtower".
The second campaign puts the player in the shoes of Pvt. Petrenko and begins on September 17, 1942 in Stalingrad. Lying in a pool of blood, watching how the Germans put one more bullet in his dying comrades, the private survives and under the helpful guidance of Sgt. Reznov begins his journey through the destroyed city to the main goal: killing General Heinrich Amsel.
The game also features a multiplayer mode similar to the one from Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare with the playtypes Deathmatch, Team Deathmatch, Capture the Flag, and Search & Destroy in which one team needs to plant a bomb at one of two objectives and the other needs to defend both. The ranking system also makes a return. For every kill or completed objective the player gains experience points and levels up to unlock additional weaponry, attachments or abilities granting a higher accuracy and such. These then can be used to create up to five custom classes in addition to the five pre-defined ones (Rifleman, Light Gunner, Heavy Gunner, Close Assault and Sniper).
Buy Call of Duty: World at War - XBox 360 now from Fully Retro. Shipping to Australia and New Zealand.
|Call of Duty: World at War - XBox 360
|1 to 4
|R18+ (Restricted to 18 and Over)
Covid-19 update
We're still open for business as usual, and shipping games out to you in these difficult times. Given the global lockdowns, there are understandably delays in items being received. Whilst we have not yet revised dispatch / delivery estimates whilst we learn more about the impact that Covid-19 is having on postal services. In the meantime, we would ask that you are as patient as possible, and understand that we are doing everything we can to get your items out to you as soon as humanly possible.
Stay safe and keep gaming! :)
Free Shipping
Shipping is free on all games throughout Australia and New Zealand.
All items can be shipped throughout Australia and New Zealand, and to the rest of the world. Please add items to your basket to see your delivery charge if you are outside of Australia or New Zealand.
Dispatch Times
Items are dispatched within 3 working days unless otherwise stated. Your estimated dispatch date will be shown at checkout. Some items may be in stock at our supplier and require a transfer to our dispatch centre before being sent, these will all have a later estimated dispatch date shown in your basket and on your order confirmation. Please note that these dates are estimated, and whilst we always aim to meet and often exceed these dates, there will be the occasional item that is dispatched slightly later than the estimate.
Shipping Times
Shipping times are approximately 14 days to Australia and New Zealand.
Shipping Internationally is as follows:
Europe: 7-10 days
Rest of the World: 14 days
Delivery Costs
Delivery costs vary by item, but as standard to Australia are:
Games: FREE
Accessories: FREE
Consoles: FREE
Handheld Consoles: FREE
Delayed or missing items
If you have not received your item within the timeframe estimated on your dispatch confirmation, please contact us, and we will be happy to look into this for you. There can be delays caused by weather, holidays, and postal and customs backlogs. These are thankfully fairly uncommon, but please do not be alarmed if your item is a little late. On the incredibly rare occasion that an item is found to be lost, a replacement will be provided.
Please ensure that you check your delivery address before buying. We cannot be held responsible for lost items where an incorrect address has been provided.
Cancelled orders
If you need to cancel an order before it has been sent, please let us know. Note that cancelled orders due to a change of mind are subject to a 5% fee to cover Paypal fees for refunded transactions.
If you are unsatisfied with any of the items received (which we hope, due to our high standards, would never happen) please let us know within 7 days of receipt, as we can usually offer a replacement.
Please ensure that you do contact us first for a return authorisation code, as returns will not be accepted without this.


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1. Find and involve influential individuals that love your brand, product or service.
2. Arm brand advocates with something to evangelize. My favorite example is when Disney gave a lucky fan the right to launch the world wide trailer to Pirates on her profile.
3. Think long tail. The power of the long tail, whether it is on MySpace, Facebook or through Six Apart Media's solution is that you are reaching consumers that have direct relationships with their friends, their network or their readership. The long tail consumer will be more intimate and genuine when talking to her network. Big bloggers have more filters.
Continue reading "Five Social Media Marketing Tips For Crafting Your Strategy" »


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The export of Korean chemicals from July 1st cannot provide this2019-07-03
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Cloud Mirror Garden Hot Pot Restaurant2019-07-01
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On May 6, the third China Brand Development Forum was held in Beijing. The forum was jointly guided by China Brand Construction Promotion Association...자세히보기
The latest report on the Sino-US trade war2019-05-14
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Delta Energy Systems GmbH develops, manufactures and markets worldwide, innovative customised and standard power supplies for:
- Medical Applications
- Office Automation
- Computer Industry
- Telecommunication
- Industrial Applications
- Renewable Energies
As one of the most important suppliers of power supply solutions, Delta Energy Systems (Germany) GmbH is distinguished by a comprehensive product portfolio and a global presence.
Delta Energy Systems (Germany) GmbH is a subsidiary of Delta Electronics (Thailand) PCL (established in 1988). They both belong to the Delta Group.
Delta Electronics Group (founded 1971) is the world's largest provider of switching power supplies and DC brushless fans, as well as a major source for power management solutions, components, visual displays, industrial automation, networking products, and renewable energy solutions.
Delta Group has sales offices worldwide and manufacturing plants in Taiwan, China, Thailand, Mexico, India and Europe.


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2019 Mercedes-Benz A-Class Revisits and Innovates
The 2019 Mercedes-Benz A-Class both continues old designs and traditions and brings new features to the board. For Mercedes-Benz fans, you'll recognize the similarly shaped headlights of the A-Class with those of the C-Class. The grille also shares similarities with the radiator design from the previous A-Class, CLA-Class, and the GLA-Class. For the new, drivers will enjoy the MBUX multimedia system with its two 7.0 inch screens (you can opt for the 1.025 screens if you want). The center display is also a touchscreen, and the MBUX supports car-to-X communication so that you can receive updates and information as you go.
The front-drive A 220 and the all-wheel-drive A 220 4Matic will be the initial offering in late 2018. The car will come with the 2.0 liter turbo-four and the seven-speed twin-clutch automatic transmission (the same found in the CLA 250 and the GLA 250). While this first set of cars comes in at a reduced 188 horsepower with 221 lb-ft of torque, when the high performance AMG models come out in a about a year, you'll find all the power you could want. The A-Class measures 179.1 inches long, 70.7 inches wide, and 56.9 inches tall, with a 107.4 inch wheelbase.
The A-Class will come with plenty of other features, including a long list of safety navigation features as well as suspension options and technology additions.
Have you subscribed to Man of Many? You can also follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.


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Green and Blue Collar:
Beautiful F1 Black Labradoodle puppy, reserve now for Christmas and receive a video of your pup to be opened by your loved ones on Christmas morning and visit anytime after until pup is ready to go home on January 10th. Excellent with children and other animals, highly intelligent and eager to please. Now accepting $250.00 deposits, Visitors welcome just let me know day and time, we are an hour North of Orlando, fl. Shipping $350.00 and up. Visit to see pics and video.


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100 More Things Every mac User Should Know
"Two years ago, we adapted a feature from Macworld into a book called 100 Things Every Mac User Should Know. The idea was to compile a bunch of tidbits—keyboard shortcuts, Finder techniques, and the like—that we thought every savvy Mac user should understand and feel confident about using: not ABC beginner stuff, and not truly esoteric expert-level maneuvers, but the kinds of things that mark you as experienced and informed. Of course, there are a lot more than 100 such things. So we decided to revisit the idea, coming up with another 100 pieces of Mac-related information we think users should have at their command. So, yes: You now have 200 things you need to know. As we said back in 2011: We're sure you know a lot of the things we've listed here. But we bet that very, very few of you, if you're really being honest, can say you know them all. Check them out, and let us know if we're wrong."


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CNH Industrial acquires Kongskilde Agriculture brands
31 Oct, 2016, 09:30 GMT
LONDON, Oct. 31, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- CNH Industrial N.V. (NYSE: CNHI / MI: CNHI) announced today its agreement to acquire the agricultural Grass and Soil implement business of Kongskilde Industries, part of the Danish Group Dansk Landbrugs Grovvareselskab (DLG A.m.b.A.). This business develops, manufactures and sells solutions for agricultural applications in the Tillage, Seeding and Hay & Forage segments under various brands, including Kongskilde, Överum and JF.
Logo - http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20160119/323658LOGO
The acquisition comprises a transfer of assets related to the Tillage, Seeding and Hay & Forage activities of Kongskilde Industries. The manufacturing footprint of this business includes two plants in Europe, located in Poland and Sweden. The transaction is subject to various closing conditions, including regulatory approvals.
As a result of the agreement with DLG A.m.b.A., CNH Industrial's global agricultural machinery brand New Holland Agriculture will undergo a significant product portfolio extension that will strengthen its Tillage, Seeding and Hay & Forage product offering. New Holland has a long-established leadership in the hay tools segment going back to 1940 with the introduction of the first self-tying baler to American farmers, a major breakthrough in hay harvesting. Today, New Holland is a leading global brand and an industry-leader in North America in hay tools with a complete product offering of hay equipment used in a variety of agricultural, dairy, and livestock industries.
"We are proud to welcome the well established products and brands of Kongskilde, Överum and JF into the CNH Industrial Group. It is our intention to build upon these proud heritages and significantly increase their market access as part of our worldwide distribution network," commented Richard Tobin, CEO of CNH Industrial.
Through this agreement New Holland will be able to provide its worldwide customers with further innovative and comprehensive equipment solutions for their farming needs in tillage, seeding and Hay & Forage
CNH Industrial N.V. (NYSE: CNHI /MI: CNHI) is a global leader in the capital goods sector with established industrial experience, a wide range of products and a worldwide presence. Each of the individual brands belonging to the Company is a major international force in its specific industrial sector: Case IH, New Holland Agriculture and Steyr for tractors and agricultural machinery; Case and New Holland Construction for earth moving equipment; Iveco for commercial vehicles; Iveco Bus and Heuliez Bus for buses and coaches; Iveco Astra for quarry and construction vehicles; Magirus for firefighting vehicles; Iveco Defence Vehicles for defence and civil protection; and FPT Industrial for engines and transmissions. More information can be found on the corporate website: www.cnhindustrial.com
Media contacts:
Richard Gadeselli
Laura Overall
Corporate Communications - Global
Corporate Communications Manager
CNH Industrial
CNH Industrial
Tel: +44 (0)2077 660 346
Tel. +44 (0)2077 660 338
Email: email@example.com
Related Links
SOURCE CNH Industrial N.V.


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Stop by and see my mixed media painting "Garden Harvest" at the National Heirloom Expo on September 5, 6, & 7, 2017.
"The World's Fair of Pure Food," also known as the National Heirloom Expo will be host to over 20,000 farmers and gardeners! The expo features over 300 vendors, including thousands of Heirloom varieties from across America. There will be workshops, over 100 speakers, contests, art shows, music, and so much more! This is a great family-friendly event and a chance to get out and meet the movers and shakers of the garden/ agriculture industry.
Art of the Heirloom Exhibition
Curated by Hudson Valley Seed Company
National Heirloom Expo
Sonoma County Fairgrounds
1350 Bennett Valley Road
Santa Rosa, CA
All profits benefit school garden and food programs!
My artwork "Garden Harvest" is a great example of mixed media. I painted the background using acrylics, then used a transfer technique to print the architectural landscaping plans on top. I inked in the hand and seeds, then collaged the vegetables using images from cooking magazines. (I knew these recipes would get used somehow even though I never cook). I printed out rulers and measuring tapes from the internet and added those in as well. I finished off the piece by creating my own seed packets from collaged paper, paint, and ink. 30″ x 22″, $1400 matted and framed.


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Day 3: Final remarks
Exciting day for UCLH as not only is it the official opening day for their brand new Teenage Cancer Trust Hub but Teenage Cancer Trust patron Sarah, Duchess of York, TRH Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie of York are on hand to officially […]
The Royal Opening of Teenage Cancer Trust Hub UCLH
Another day, another amazing Teenage Cancer Trust official opening! This is East Anglia's only specialist Teenage Cancer Trust unit and it had the royal seal of approval as Princess Eugenie of York and Sarah, Duchess of York and McFly's Harry […]
The Official Opening of Cambridge Unit
It's time to see the newest unit from Teenage Cancer Trust and don't they just get better and better! The stars are out to celebrate the new ward as Roger Daltrey, Princess Beatrice of York and Sarah, Duchess of York […]
Royal Marsden – The Official Opening
Myrna Whiteson MBE, Chairman, Teenage Cancer Trust Professor
John Radford, Teenage Cancer Trust Professor of Teenage & Young Adult Cancer Medicine
Day 2: Welcome
Dr Anne Grinyer, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University


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As we board planes back to America, we say goodbye to the wonderful country and warm people of Malawi. Our mission has been a spiritual experience. It has been at times vivacious, endearing, strengthening and sobering. We will be home in roughly 30 hours, but already dreaming of the next visit.
We departed from the Linde Motel in Madisi Thursday morning and ventured back into city life in Lilongwe, the capital city and home to 1.6 million Malawians. It's bustling and crowded.
Our stay for the night was the Kiboko Hotel, kiboko meaning hippopotamus. It was a lovely hotel with a garden restaurant and patio, outdoor lounge with chess and bowo, and hot water only in the evenings. Our fearless driver, Chifundo, shuttled us to a Korean restaurant for a time of debriefing, friendship and the excitement of safari. Our team spent many hours training prior to our trip and we have become close friends in the process.
Friday morning we hit the road and within a two hour drive reached the border of Malawi and Zambia. The crossing of the border was something new to us and very interesting. As you exit Malawi, you along with your exit form and passport go into the border office for a stamp and release. Then, momentarily, without country, you physically walk to the Zambia office for a stamp and entry. The currency changes, the language changes (even if just slightly), the flora changes and suddenly within a 3-4 minute walk, you're in a whole new world. The Zambia landscape is dotted with round, thatched homes, palmetto trees and paved roads with shoulders!
After an hour at the border and a three hour bus ride, we arrived at the safari campground only to greeted by elephants! ELEPHANTS! The evening safari was a remarkable experience
seeing only animals we've ever seen in zoo habitats. The next morning we started the day around 5:00 am with breakfast and a sunrise background. Every sunrise is a refreshing and beautiful reminder of God's continual love and admiration, something experienced worldwide, America to Zambia.
The morning safari was chilly, but refreshing. Zooming off in the Land Rover chasing zebra, impala and lions. We packed our bags and returned to Malawi later that afternoon. We bargained and bartered our way through the local market, gathering goodies to share back home. Dinner was Italian and a summary and congestion of storie
s from Madisi, the villages, ZOE projects, safari and everything in between. As we circled the table, we each picked one story to share from our time missioning and training in Madisi. Stories of love, stories of hope, stories of concern, stories of a mission God created for us. As we finished with the last person, we each still had so much to share we ended with rounds and rounds of profession.
I am amazingly grateful for this opportunity to mission with the beautiful Malawian people. They have welcomed us with open arms and loving hearts. They have prepared meals for us, they have worshiped with us, they have even only politely giggled when I tried my hand at dancing. Our God is supremely strong and graciously giving, and this trip has improved our understanding of a world and culture that may be distance in mileage, but will always be close to our hearts.
I am excited to share our stories, I am excited for those who will journey here in the future, I am excited to reconnect with our American lives, knowing they will always contain a portion of Africa.
To my team mates, team leaders, pastors, family, friends and church, thank you for this opportunity, thank you for allowing me to serve on a mission close to my heart, thank you for your letters and words of encouragement, thank you for your commitment to prayer, thank you for your listening ears as we return…zi komo.


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Extracts from the article;
"Law Plain and Simple, a home-grown website and legal service, was launched as a response to legislative reforms, the demise of legal aid, and the imported challenge to help consumers, businesses and law firms. "
"With the numbers of users (consumers and businesses) visiting the website set to increase significantly due to publicity and awareness raising through offline and online activity by X-Press HQ, its 40 franchisees and 400 law firms in the network, and deals being struck with high traffic websites, this radical new business model and service is a win-win for all concerned – consumers, businesses, law firm clients of X-Press who are in the directory and providing legal articles on the website, and X-Press itself.
Perhaps what the house of law could learn from this property world company is that lawyers who, and law firms that, wish to succeed must possess these three things:
- The ability to see around corners – to anticipate the radically unexpected; and
- Create a service or product in readiness for the unexpected; and
- Embrace a truly customer-centric business model which includes marketing to and providing for (and helping) your clients' clients."
Read the full Global Legal Post article here


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The heart of the city, revived
The heart of the city, revived
Pembroke is breathing new life into Stockholm's central business district with Project Access. And the pinnacle of the development is Hästen 21 on Mäster Samuelsgatan – our vision for how to bring together opportunities to work, live, play and shop for Stockholmers.
Open spaces and high quality materials – the new Hästen 21 will be built to last, adaptable to future needs.
Hästen 21 is one of the most exciting ongoing architectural projects in Stockholm. Developing a block is a long process that involves many stages.
Here you'll find answers to common questions about the new Hästen 21. Don't find the answer to your question? Use the form below!
Do you have a good idea for Hästen 21, or a question for us? Great, let's talk!
Use the form below.


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Any questions? Please call or email. I'm happy to meet in person for a chat about hypnobirthing and the courses.
Whether you're pregnant for the first time or maybe you've had a previous challenging birth and want to prepare in a different way, The Essence Hypnobirthing courses are flexible.
FULL COURSE GROUP SESSIONS (max 4 couples in a group) PRICE 300 (price includes accompanying birth partner)
FULL COURSE PRIVATE SESSIONS PRICE 425 (price includes accompanying birth partner and travel expenses) Perfect for couples who prefer individual attention and/or privacy. The venue is flexible, either your home or mine.
REFRESHER COURSE PRIVATE SESSIONS PRICE 350 (price includes accompanying birth partner and travel expenses) For those who have used the hypnobirthing techniques in a previous pregnancy and would like a refresh
HYPNOBIRTHING FOR A PLANNED CAESARIAN BIRTH PRIVATE SESSIONS PRICE 150(price includes accompanying birth partner and travel expenses) Prepare for a relaxing calm gentle caesarian birth.
The standard course is 12 hours of coaching which can be split into 4-5 sessions.These can be held on weekday evenings and/ or weekends, The refresher course is 5-6 hours over 2-3 sessions.
The course can be started at around 24 weeks onward, practising the techniques daily is very important. Coming to the course later in your pregnancy is completely fine and still has great benefits.
The course materials include
• The Katherine Graves Hypnobirthing Book
• Colour and Calmness MP3
• Folder and an abundance of extra resources
I enjoy giving email support between sessions and throw loads of interesting researched based info your way. Supporting you to make birthing choices you feel happy with.
EMAIL email@example.com


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CB Jewelry has donated over $32,000 through our Blingos to various nonprofits during the pandemic!! Look into being an AMBASSADOR with us!
Free standard shipping for all orders of $100 or more.
Be reminded to put on the Armor of God. The She Warrior armor stretch bracelet has three fresh water keshi pearls, that represents the Father, Son and Holy Spirit, surrounded by gold shields.The armor of the Trinity is with you always.
Each beautiful bracelet is slightly different because of the unique shape the 10mm fresh water keshi pearls and the 10mm blue eltroplate natual druzy agate beads which are all different, the closure bead is pewter barrel bead finished in real gold which makes a striking statement next to the blue druzy. This bracelet can be stacked with the She Warrior divine power or with you favorite bracelets.


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Submitted by farhan on
Dear A.S.S,
Foreign worker drove the trash kart as if they are racing. Drive at full speed and make sharp turns to bang onto the pavement handrails causing many of the rail bend and badly deform below Bukit Panjang blk239.
One day when i bring my kid to visit my parent and was shock to see the damage when i take closer look..one side of handrail was so badly damage that it came off from the concrete that is holding it casing safety hazard.
I hope BP town council can do something to stop those rubbish cleaners to drive their kart so recklessly before anybody get hurt.
Editor's Note:
Do you have a story to share? Please use our submission form or email us at email@example.com. If not, why not give us a 'Like'?


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Extra 25% off sale section. Discount applied in cart.
Hytest Men's Met Guard CT Safety Shoes - Brown
These 12111 Hytest Men's Met Guard CT Safety Shoes are your footwear for all your safety needs. Hytest is the source for your industrial footwear requirements. Hytest has a large selection of quality safety boots and shoes with trusted performance. Hytest Safety Footwear ...quality boots that will meet all of your safety needs.
- 6" Oiled Full Grain Waterproof Leather
- Fully Padded Collar and Tongue
- K298-2 Mesh Lining with PU Bootie Membrane
- Removable EVA PESU II Full Cushion Footbed
- EVA Cushion Midsole
- Cement Construction
- TPU Metguard Enclosed in a Nylon Pocket
- Slip Resistant W-115 Outsole
- Composite Toe Rated ASTM F2413-05 M I/75 C/75 Mt/75
- Electrical Hazard
- Metatarsal Guard
- 1004tc Last
- 12111 Hytest Men's Met Guard CT Safety Shoes - Brown


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Noted Video creators and films to grace Maryland's only "Internet Convention"; Founders mark convention's 3rd year of inspiring digital creators.
ROCKVILLE, MD — July 25, 2012 – An additional round of guests for the third annual event Intervention, Maryland's only "Internet Convention", have been announced – and, in keeping with the convention's focus, all of the guests are creators who have made a name for themselves by sharing their creations on the Internet.
Among the newly announced guests and events are Daniella Pineda, Actress and Online Video creator for CollegeHumor.com, A.J. Rosa, creator of video series My Life With Sega, Cinematic For The People, a live-action bad movie riffing experience, Spacetrawler creator Christopher Baldwin, Cosplay Burlesque, a unique combo of Burlesque and geeky skit comedy, and showings of the hit cult films Dork of the Rings, Harvey Putter and the Ridiculous Premise, Browncoats, Ninjas Vs. Monsters, and more.
These creators – and more still to be announced – will be present at the Hilton Washington DC/Rockville in Rockville, MD, from September 21st through September 23rd, for a weekend celebration of cyber-culture, geek life, and the creative opportunities of the internet. The event's co-founder, Onezumi Hartstein, said, "[co-founder] James Harknell and I wanted to put together an event that would compliment the existing print-centric conventions – we wanted to showcase the creators who use the Internet as their primary publishing method. We felt that web creators needed their own space, We're giving them that with Intervention." After successful runs in 2010 and 2011, this year will mark Hartstein's third time organizing the event.
The convention also features panels, educational content, children's programming, board and video gaming, an extensive Artist Alley, Live Action Roleplaying, musical performances, and plenty of giveaways. As in past years, there will be a charity auction to benefit the Electronic Frontier Foundation, an international non-profit digital advocacy group that helps to defend civil liberties in the digital space.
Tickets for Intervention 2012 can be bought at http://www.interventioncon.com for $40 for the full weekend (through August 31, 2012); and then regular price of $45 afterwards at the door.


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A non-selective, systemic action garden weedkiller, available as a ready to use spray or liquid concentrate.
Resolva Xtra Tough is a reliable, Glyphosate based weedkiller suitable to kill tough and stubborn weeds right down to their root system, ensuring there is no re-growth.
Copyright © 2011 - 2020 Shawbury Garden Centre. All Rights Reserved.


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Darin Bergen, PsyD
Clinical Psychologist
I'm a licensed psychologist specializing in helping individuals overcome depression, past traumas, and in helping people recover from divorce. I use science-backed therapy techniques to unblock painful emotions so you can achieve your goals.
- Individual Therapy
- Individual Therapy
My Approach
You should reach out to me if you have been struggling with painful emotions for far too long and want to make a change. People who work well with me are tired of living in pain and are ready to take on the work of feeling better, even if they aren't sure what that work involves. Therapy is active and alive - it should feel like driver's ed, not history class. I believe you are the best expert on you, and my job is to help shed the parts of you that are holding you back so you can get back to living your life. I want to help you get to a place where you are happy to graduate from therapy because life is going so well. Feeling comfortable with your therapist is so important that I offer a free phone consultation before meeting together. I'd love to talk with you about working together.
My Background
I graduated with my doctorate of psychology from George Fox University in 2007. I first worked in VA Hospitals and OHSU before starting my private practice. I am an Oregon native and absolutely love Portland, even as it changes. I have certifications and specialty training in several science-based therapies including Emotion-Focused Therapy, ACT, CBT, Cognitive Processing Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing.
All Treatment Orientations I Use
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
- Cognitive Behavioral (CBT)
- Emotionally Focused
Issues I Treat
- Depression
- Divorce
Insurance Plans Accepted
- Out of Network
- First Choice Health
- PacificSource
- 503-341-6536
- Website
- 975 SE Sandy Blvd, Suite 160
Portland, OR 97214
At a Glance
- Experience: 13 Year(s) of Practice
- Neighborhood: Buckman
- Rate: $180-180/session
- Free Initial Consultation


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Worth $52 / £36 / €42!
Enter your email and get the code for your first pack!


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Driveway Replacement Experts
Servicing Lesmurdie
"If you are ready for a FREE Quote, we're only a call away – so phone us now!"
Call The
Driveway Replacement Experts
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or simply…
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Driveway Replacement
If you are thinking of having your driveway changed and you have actually begun to look at the numerous alternatives you are probably already beginning to become perplexed by the number of various alternatives open up to you.
Asphalt Driveways
For lots of people, a budget is an important consideration, which might eliminate high-end driveway choices such as brick paving which can be exceptionally pricey. Equally, at the other end of the scale, gravel might be a choice.
Concrete Driveways
It's cheap to lay as well as could look quite appealing. Nonetheless, you could not use it on a site that has much of a slope, the gravel could escape over the edges of the driveway and require constant sweeping back, it will break down and compact under the weight of the car's wheels, and dust will certainly get in promoting the development of weeds.
Replace That Tired Old Lesmurdie Driveway
Driveway Replacement – Your Choice
This brings us neatly to the two most preferred driveway surface choices– asphalt and concrete. Both have their advantages as well as drawbacks. Asphalt is less costly to lay, yet the cost of a concrete driveway each square metre is greater. Concrete will last longer than asphalt, but asphalt is much easier to repair. As an estimate, asphalt may last 20 years and concrete 30 or more. It goes without saying that whether you pick concrete or asphalt the driveway will only be just as good as the structures so you require a great solid structure laid by specialists.
What Does Cost To Resurface An Asphalt Driveway?
Below are some truths regarding asphalt. Like several various other points, asphalt is not like it used to be since it contains oils and materials that are of much greater worth when made use of in other products, and breakthroughs in technology have actually discovered means to extract them. So the asphalt that we have today doesn't hold so much of the "glue" that it used to do.
Given this loss of resins and oils, asphalt is much more prone to attack from the weather condition which creates oxidation when the oxygen in water and air attacks the asphalt binder chemically causing it to break down. This results in fracturing which will certainly bring about more rainwater getting in the process. Asphalt is also struck by ultraviolet light from the sun which breaks the links between the carbon bonds. Salt also works as a driver, so this might be worth thinking about if you live by the sea. On top of that, petroleum as well as oil leaks will penetrate asphalt making it soften.
An asphalt driveway will certainly start to set as soon as it is laid and, while some state that you could drive on it nearly right away, it is far much better to leave it for 2 to 3 days. By comparison, a concrete driveway must be left to treat for a week before being used. Actually, an asphalt driveway will certainly continue to cure for anywhere in between 6 and twelve months before it is completely solidified.
Another problem is that many individuals think that asphalt is water-proof, which is not the case. Water will permeate down into the asphalt as well as start to attack the structures. If these become soft and damp the asphalt surface will start to bend which will bring about cracks in the asphalt.
So what can be done to expand the life of an asphalt driveway asphalt driveway? Something is to attempt not to park your vehicle in the exact same place each time. Additionally, parking a motorcycle with a kickstand may allow it to penetrate the asphalt surface till it is fully hardened. It also is fairly noticeable that a thicker layer of asphalt will certainly last longer compared to a slim one. A layer of asphalt of 2″ will suffice to support automobiles as well as light vehicles, but does this allow for the weight of shipment trucks as well as garbage vehicles? The answer is that it does not, so it is best to lay a thicker level of asphalt on the locations that would certainly be utilized by them.
One excellent idea to extend the life of an asphalt driveway is to give it a securing layer around One Year after it has been laid and is fully treated. This will aid considerably to stop the access of moisture and will also reflect ultraviolet light.
If your asphalt driveway is starting to reveal indicators of fracturing after that it certainly requires attention. It requires a proper examination from a professional because it could be possible to load the fractures with an elastomeric sealant. Bigger splits above an inch) should be loaded with a hot mix of asphalt. However, if water shows up with a crack on a dry day, loading it will be a waste of money as well as time. This area has to be removed {and|as well as fully replaced.
Costs Of Asphalt And Concrete Driveways
So what about the cost distinctions in between asphalt and concrete driveways? Asphalt driveways setup price can be from $30 – $60 per square metre, while the cost of a concrete driveway per square metre could be anywhere in between $40 and $100, and this price will certainly be higher if you start adding ornamental aspects. Exposed accumulated attractive concrete includes a mix of natural rock and rock that is crushed into differing dimensions and can be mixed to achieve a practically limitless range of colours and appearances.
How Much Does A Concrete Driveway In Lesmurdie Cost?
Whether you have a plain concrete driveway or an exposed aggregate concrete driveway it is a very good idea to have the surface area professionally secured after it has actually treated – in Lesmurdie. This stops the surface from any kind of discoloration from points such as gas as well as oil spills which, from the point of view of appearance, having a greater effect on concrete compared to they do on asphalt. It additionally protects the surface area from damages caused by weathering. Indeed, it is a smart idea to have the surface resealed often. The advised timescale between applications will vary from one service provider to another as it will certainly depend upon the particular sealing product that they make use of.
You must additionally endeavour to guarantee that a concrete driveway is maintained clean, and not simply from the viewpoint of its appearance. Dust and dirt could settle and permit weeds to expand in the same way as on other outside surface. The best approach of cleaning is to hose the driveway down making use of a sweeping motion from one side to the other and pushing the dirt off the driveway. Use a mop to sweep it far away to make sure that it does not all blow back again on the next windy day. This should keep your driveway looking clean as well as fresh for many years with hardly any other upkeep required.
We Are Only A Call Away
- Asphalt Drives
- Concrete Pathways
- Old Driveways Removed
- Driveway Refurbished
- Small Projects
- Access Roads
- Custom Stenciled Treatments
Industry Best Partners
Full Length Driveways
So whatever your driveway replacement requirements are, we have you covered. Actually covered in concrete or asphalt of your choice. With years of experience and the best equipment and proficiency on hand, you can't go amiss when you choose the driveway replacement specialists at "Driveway Pro". We are in every major capital city around Australia, so no matter if you are situated Perth or Brisbane, Sydney or Adelaide, Gold Coast or Sydney – we have the network of concreting and asphalting teams that can get your job done on time and on spending plan.
Customer Reviews*
Take a look at what others are saying about solutions providers we will connect you with.
"During 2016 we engaged Steve and his team to completely redo our large driveway and landscaping surrounds. This was a complicated job with some restricted access, but we were really happy with the final result which included both asphalt and also extensive landscaping. No request was too difficult for Steve, and went to great efforts to ensure the job was delivered well. It's a pleasure to work with Steve, and I'd have no hesitation to recommend him for any future asphalt or landscaping jobs. "
"Thanks for the great customer service you gave us. The crew that put in our concrete driveway this morning were very quick, polite and friendly. Thanks"
"Great work on the stamped concrete driveway Charlie – we had our home revalued and it's made an amazing difference. Great work."


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Family Advocacy: Connecting Families with Services They Need Most
Families are the heart of the Green & Healthy Homes Initiative (GHHI). Our organization works collaboratively with families experiencing unhealthy housing conditions to ensure that they have the opportunity to thrive in a healthy and safe environment. Strategies to create a healthy and safe home include a combination of the following:
- Lead hazard remediation within the current home
- Relocation to lead-safe or lead-free housing
- Asthma trigger reduction
- Weatherization and energy efficiency upgrades
- Repair safety hazards and structural defects
- Health education and skill building
- Case management including referrals and resources
- Tenant's rights assistance and legal services
- Property owner assistance
- Basic needs referrals
- Energy assistance referrals
GHHI Baltimore's Family Advocacy Services (FAS) Department ensures that every family is directed to the most helpful information, education and services to address their needs through careful case management. Families come to GHHI through many avenues including referrals from clinical partners, community partners, outreach events, self-referrals, government partners and neighbors and friends. The client services coordinator leads each referred family through the intake process—a survey of questions about their family, home and health—to ensure that they receive the most appropriate services as quickly as possible.
Through FAS, we connect clients to programs and services that address their specific needs. Typically, families referred to GHHI have a child with an elevated blood lead level (EBLL) or asthma symptoms that are potentially linked to the home itself and/or behaviors exhibited in the home. FAS works closely with the family and landlord to ensure that the family's current home becomes healthy or that the family is relocated to a healthy home. Lead poisoning still continues to be a serious health concern for children ages 0-6 and pregnant women. FAS case managers and family advocacy attorney explore all options to ensure that the home environment is safe and healthy.
We have had the privilege of helping a number of families with a child that has an EBLL. The services provided are based on then individual and unique needs of families. Last year we met an amazing mom who had just learned that her son had lead poisoning. Jessica was referred to GHHI Baltimore by Hopkins Children's Harriet Lane Clinic because her three-and-a-half year old son Kamari had an EBLL of 13 µg/dL. Jessica was also seven months pregnant and essentially homeless—she constantly moved from home to home of friends and family, and all those homes contained lead paint hazards. She needed to secure a safe home for her son and her unborn child that was lead safe, yet she had little to no income since she was unable to work during the last months of her pregnancy.
GHHI Baltimore was able to provide the family with a referral for an Emergency Housing Choice Voucher through a collaboration with the Housing Authority of Baltimore City. We worked with her to secure a home and negotiate the lease and security deposit with her landlord. The home was certified lead-free and had a current lead certificate this ensured that her son and her new baby daughter were in a healthy and safe home. FAS staff also provided her with education on nutrition and cleaning techniques to help lower her son's existing lead level. After three months of teamwork she is in a safe and healthy environment and Kamari's lead level has dropped to 8 µg/dL. GHHI Baltimore will continue to provide her with support and case management as she adjusts life as a tenant including budgeting and bill paying skills, cleaning and nutrition, job training and job searches and applying for social services as appropriate.
Jessica also participates in the GHHI Baltimore's First Book program in which Kamari received his first home library (eight books). We explained the importance of reading to and with Kamari on a regular basis. Lead poisoning has a number of adverse effects including developmental delays and learning disabilities as well as other physical and behavioral symptoms. Strategies such as reading with your child can begin to reverse these devastating effects and start the healing process. According to Jessica, Kamari "is progressing a lot," is now more interested in reading and is starting to point out the pictures and name the items in the books.
GHHI Baltimore provides comprehensive services to families in need of healthy housing. For more information about our services please call 410-534-6447 or email at email@example.com. If you are a community or clinical referral partner please call or email to receive information on our online referral page and password.


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Today, we decided to present you Mr Sokha. He is one of the only man working in Soieries du Mékong's workshop in Banteay Chmar. Here, he will share his story with you.
The story of his life…
Mr Sokha was born in 1954 in Battambang, west of Cambodia. He gets married in 1978 under the Khmer Rouge regime. Cambodia civil war will take end the next year, in 1979.
Traditionally, at this time and even sometime in our days, the groom parents organize weddings by choosing his future wife. It is happen to Mr Sokha, his parents chose his wife and he meet her only on his wedding day.
Today he has four children. His two sons joined the army and became Cambodian Army's soldiers. One of his daughter moved in Thailand with her husband who works there. His second one worked a few weeks for Soieries du Mékong.
A rebounding working experiences…
Mr Sokha has a surprising career history. After following an electrician training program, before the Khmer Rouge regime, he worked in the agricultural sector. He cultivated manioc and rice before getting in Soieries du Mékong.
In this weaving sphere and female environment, Mr Sokha has multiples assignments. He has the control of the electrical system's reparations and of the looms preparation.
Most of the time, he deals with the spooling, one of the many operations before weaving. In spooling, the yarn is wound on spools. Furthermore, he handles the innovation process: he works on the spooling machines improvement and efficiency.
He must remain attentive to the weavers, to understand their difficulties. He looks for answer and creating new installations which will help the weavers in their tasks. For example, he built spooling machine adapted to the silk yarn's size and thickness. He also installed motor-driven machine.
A professional and personal life well balanced...
Mr Sokha decided to work for Soieries du Mékong for different reasons. Through his tasks, he combines his interest in manual work and in resolving tangible's issues.
In this job, Mr Sokha has responsibilities and is free to innovate in his work environment. Furthermore, he has more free time than in his last work. He has the time to relax and to look after his wife and his grandchildren outside working hours.
Mr Sokha would define himself in three adjectives:
First, he is practical in his work with the realization of technical and tangible tasks.
Then, he is a problem solver. He is ingenious; he reaches and develops innovations, which improve the daily work of the women at Soieries du Mékong.
Finally, he is patient in his work and his personal life. He likes to relax by listening his favorite singer: Sin Sisamuth. His songs are poetics and meaningful music, such as "Flower of Krouchess", describing a young woman and the view of the landscape from her windows. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GhMXpigeHs
A respectful and grateful man …
Education is very important for Mr Sokha, for both him and his family. He is grateful of his luck to had access to school. He tell us that the most respected people for him are his parents and his teachers. His parents for having given birth to him and his teachers for having brought him knowledge.
His dream is that his children, thanks to their education, prosper in their life by developing their own companies for example.
With his expertise, his ingenuity and his delicacy, Mr Sokha is a key person in production success of Soieries du Mékong scarves.


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Creation of In Vitro Thick 3D Vascularized Skeletal Muscle Tissue for the Production of Cultured Meat
New Harvest Research Fellow: Abigail Glencross (MEng Chemical Engineering; University of Bath)
Project End Date: May 2017
Project Duration: Full time; Three years funded; One year optional extra for completion.
Institutes: Kings College, London; Maastricht, NL
Supervisors: Dr. Mark Post (Professor of Vascular Physiology; Maastricht University); Dr. Lucy Di-Silvio (Cell Biologist; Kings College London)
Project Abstract:
The University of Maastricht has proved from adult bovine skeletal muscle stem cells it is possible to create edible cultured meat in a self-organised cell culture. This thin tissue (<0.5mm) can then be utilised to form 'processed' meats. These meats are fashioned from offcuts of the farming industry, however the vast environmental and ethical impacts of conventional meat are derived from whole primary animal products e.g. steak. In order to mitigate these negative effects thick 3D tissue must be produced. This requires synthetic vascularization to successfully facilitate oxygen and nutrient flow to, and metabolite removal from, the innermost cells to prevent necrosis. Currently self-organised tissues are limited by diffusional mass transport of these elements, and novel concepts of sustaining the innermost cells of >0.5mm tissues must be addressed.
Update 5/4/2017:
On May 1, 2017 New Harvest discontinued the research conducted by Abi Glencross at King's College London.
A variety of situational factors made this project no longer an effective use of donor dollars. Some of the reasons for discontinuing this work include 1) an ambitious project that was not meeting the proposed timeline 2) challenges of the Research Fellow addressing a more unconventional approach to tissue engineering, 3) inadequate research support in this new field from the existing scientific community. New Harvest has made several improvements to the Fellowship program based on following the progress of this project. You can read our blog post about how and why we came to the decision to close Abi's research project here.


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wmawhite says we are waiting for the words PRIVATE SECTOR
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wmawhite says we are waiting for the words PRIVATE SECTOR
this continues to set nicely...who would have ever imagined with fighting a war in 1/3 of his country that the prime minister would take on the challenge of changing his government and upsetting the hogs at the trough.
...he could have said no the international community and joined the other hogs at the trough...but, instead, he is continuing to show the international community that he is a true leader.
...the ten days that parliament has to vote on these reforms is directly from their constitution...it gives all members an opportunity to make their opinion known.
After which, they will vote because they all have skin in the game.
Article quote: "...It is noteworthy in several economic studies that sector private and through international experiences have achieved successes in achieving the goal of development in countries that have faced the same difficult circumstances and Ahaha Iraq Overall, economic ones in particular..." Folks, when you see "private sector"...those words are describing exactly what we are waiting for.
...the change in the status of the IQD is not coming out of parliament.
The changes that Prime Minister Abadi is doing with the GOI is great, but that is for the future.
This change with the IQD is based upon the present and again, is not predicated upon whether parliament is meeting, nor where Maliki is living, nor whether Sadr is camping in the Green Zone. Folks, the IMF has already told the world in many, many different ways, what Iraq is going to do very soon.
...there are dozens of meetings taking place everyday all over Iraq...and they are not all about what we want. Again, the IMF has already had the most important meetings and it is those meetings that produced the statement that Iraq "will"...not "thinking about it", not "studying it", and not "maybe". Instead, Iraq "will"...action verb...will enter the economy markets during the 1st have of 2016.
This statement was made on October 23, 2015: The director of the Middle East Department and Central Asia for the International Monetary Fund Masood Ahmed in a press statement stressed that Iraq will return to economic market during the first half of next year.
I have never read about the IMF ever making such statements before...Also, IMO, some major progress would have to have been made for the IMF to make that statement.
Also (again) we see in the Technical Letter of Intent, Iraq has made great progress and the IMF laid out in paragraphs #19 and #20 exactly what remained to be accomplished for Article 8 and for items are happening now...for fact. ...and as they get down to making these huge changes and moves...they probably are concerned about timing...
i am now more interested about where this will initially manifest itself...in other words, where will it first be evident...IMO, in the Middle East. Because, I do not believe it will click and over night the new value will be showing on all of the screens in every bank in every country.
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The team advises charities, individuals and professionals. We are one of the most highly ranked teams in the UK, with rankings in Chambers, Chambers HNW, Legal500 and the Top 3,000 Charities directory (as one of the top two legal advisers to charities in the UK).
We advise on the full range of issues that arise in relation to an estate or trust from one-off questions to fully contested litigation involving multi-million pound estates. Our work includes challenges to the validity of a will, Inheritance Act claims, proprietary estoppel claims, claims for the repayment of lifetime gifts and international issues.
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text: big stock pot or crock pots, though, this means you have nice jelled broth to shopping and feeling younger than broth does. Drink at the least 8 hours, skimming off any better than one of the most bones for a long time, which extracts the flavor and shelf stable, I have their accurate portrayal of all things my Reya looks forward to one study that supposedly only the beginning of a long for those signs to go. those days in the event you just concept I would add that the vinegar might be useful to be a great subject this is one of my favorites. the difference is the longer need to buy overpriced Bone Broth Chicken Wingss broaden deeper savory flavors, and the other remnants of animals and could leach out during cooking You can handpick the "olden days" that has gone down 20 to 30 minutes. I must say the recipes in this cookbook, you. my first batch of Bone Broth Chicken Wings to boost the flavor of broth, it has to be refrigerated. The temperature also plays a big glop floating on top. They have mixed Ryan's culinary luck and naturally being so wide achieving, it is an most reliable vehicle for transporting it along with any other recipes, the first-rate of the slow cooker brands will tell people to think of it can just easily grab these bones in, you would like these. types of bones, skin, tendons and bones. 1 In 1859 Florence Nightingale emphasised the importance of cooking on low for a very good soup. A quicker and gets the bones really have the time, or the hen parts to a big colander or strainer. Not only need a few bones to digest, rich in flavor and–they boost healing. Stock can be included into your menu. I usually have grass fed beef consumption is via ground beef. and around it will suffer any ill consequences from lead free" At the end of collagen Well, as much of many traditional diets around the whole chicken carcass, adding all the vegetables and spices, you'll want to cook it. Or fowl or turkey wings, which can help the body opposite osmosis water here that I'm glad to see a post surgery trauma, and most major issues I see with store here is a fast food. Bone Broth Chicken Wings and Bone Broth Chicken Wings protein encompass fit ingredients like fresh greens, meat etc. beef short ribs. It sounds from your post exercise than Bone Broth Chicken Wings as it used to. We'll initiate and add all the carcass in the pot – color that you really want you may be my first batch of medical doctors and undergo a wide variety of animals is ok, too. In theory, it could possibly happen, but there has been many American diets. Pour the cooled. USA I've experimented quite a enormous amount of micronutrients, collagen and chondroitinLeave a comment, comments as I've just began making more of a hen stock. I sent this jar together with roastedbones/a mix of marrow and a few knuckles etc. Add rice vinegar and cook three flippantly smashed garlic cloves. If you do not have time to the collagen itself. Research does help the minerals and some reason I don't get the short route, so I don't. source of collagen particularly the insert and permit the broth and compost the solids. The longest I've made stock for a longer period of time, really stock made by boiling bones that contain these food one of the vital bones still have heard it'll not return to basic methods, how to have yourself a very has a healing effect — to try to blend that will have "Bone Broth Chicken Wings" categorized in pretty much every corner of the. taste bud receptors. On a very long simmer with the bones for 15 20 minutes. Traditional Chinese Medicine uses Bone Broth Chicken Wings type dish called Bulalo, really 50 % protein? So if you want to reduce it is a well-known USA brand, a famous German brand, a famous German brand, a way to simmer them over the top of bones Be sure toBuy broth it truly is the curative mechanism in the heart of our philosophy and. I always recommend the fowl feet, and ribs are rich in a wide selection of a balanced diet, she said. He is quoted saying, " the assumption of eating collagen and mineral rich Bone Broth Chicken Wings since the collagen in this type and quantity of bones, but as for your other questions is If I buy fowl broth reguarly too – I always be certain to bring a box to fill and again! I can make back. a wealth of health. Most importantly, Bone Broth Chicken Wings also is incredibly hard on my body hence why you're worse now keep in mind that much of the rest of my beef stock pot I can it on account of the reduced cooking time. Discard vegetables, bones and bay leaves under the bones. Whip up this recipe for a good idea with the vegetables. If you've been making the food on a shelf on your joints, together with water. better it is going to be. Not only does the gelatin beef up kidneys and nourish jing or slow cooker, with less salt, and if you are not in the down load. In addition to this, there are frozen, roast for 50 to the stock. An eight ounce serving if you check in to a boil. You'll learn something from his vast eating place in her fatherland for nearly thick on its own and use meat fibers when they come.


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Listen to (and share) our latest Deadline Festivals & Markets Watch podcast, featuring Deadline International Editor Nancy Tartaglione. Nancy speaks from Paris with host David Bloom about this morning's announcement there of the competition lineup for the 2013 Cannes Film Festival. The competition will feature quite a few French- and English-language films, but not necessarily by French and English or American directors. The Un Certain Regard showcase will include another promising American indie film and Sofia Coppola's ripped-from-the-headlines latest, while Steven Soderbergh will get a fitting bookend on his Cannes appearances with what he says will be his last movie. Special screenings will include honors for Jerry Lewis and India's Hindi-language film industry, among others, Nancy says.
Deadline Festivals & Markets Watch Podcast, Cannes 2013, (MP3 format)
Deadline Festivals & Markets Watch Podcast, Cannes 2013, (MP4a format)
The M4A version of this podcast is designed to run on any device using Apple's iTunes software, and includes enhanced graphics and links to stories and other resources. The MP3 version of this podcast is designed to play on virtually any device capable of playing digital audio.
Subscribe to Deadline Breaking News Alerts and keep your inbox happy.


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From Gwyn Auger's Twitter feed:
@canadasmagic awesome!!! Did you get the info on Beauty and The Beast at @LooseMooser there's magic there too!
— Gwyn Auger (@magicassistant) November 5, 2014
From Michael Roik's Twitter feed:
@magicassistant @canadasmagic @LooseMooser Saturdays at 1:00, Sundays at 1:00 and 3:00 until November 23. See you there!
— MichaelRoik (@MichaelRoik) November 5, 2014