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Tuesday morning's dispatches from Camp Runamuck are led by the revelation that the camp's activities director found his telephone again and decided that it's never too early to start Making America Hate Again.
El Caudillo del Mar-A-Lago chimed in on the electric Twitter machine that it is his considered (if utterly) manic opinion that people who burn the American flag should be put in the hoosegow and/or stripped of their American citizenship. (In the Beyond, Clement Vallandigham perks up on his stool at the bar.) Unlike many of the president-elect's public episodes, this one seemed attached to no real developments in the news, unless he's been following the events at Hampshire College more closely than would seem wise for a guy who can't decide on a Secretary of State.
Naturally, there was a loud (and largely bipartisan) outcry against this egregious attempt to put more bananas in our burgeoning banana republic. For me, this one came from so far out of the blue that it really did register as his attempt to distract our attention from something else coming down the track, although I shudder to think what that might be. Maybe it's this guy's interview to be Trump's Director of the VA. This is the Reagan-era Watt-Gorsuch strategy on afterburners.
(In 2005, it should be noted, Hillary Rodham Clinton co-sponsored a bill that would have criminalized flag-burning. This, like her vote for the Iraq War, likely was based in a miscalculation of which way the wind would be blowing in 2008, when she planned to run for president the first time. In any case, it wasn't her finest hour.)
One thing this latest outburst also might be aimed at is drawing our attention away from his nomination of Rep. Tom Price to be the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Price is a fetus-monitor of the first order, and he is one of those meddling Penis-Americans who believe that he and Jesus know what's best for the ladies and their ladyparts medicine. He also would like to burn the Affordable Care Act to the ground and spit on its ashes. Per New York:
Price co-sponsored a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage, voted against anti-LGBT discrimination bills, and called President Obama's guidelines allowing transgender students to use the bathrooms they choose "absurd." GLAAD president and CEO Sarah Kate Ellis has already called him "completely unfit" for HHS secretary. His selection should also intensify concerns about abortion rights and birth-control coverage under the Trump administration. Price has a rating of 0 from Planned Parenthood and a rating of 100 from the National Right to Life Committee. In 2007, Price co-sponsored the Right to Life Act, which would have given a "preborn human person" equal protection under the 14th Amendment from the moment of fertilization. Price is opposed to federal requirements that insurers cover contraception at no cost. He famously claimed that there is no woman in the U.S. who can't afford birth control, saying in 2012, "Bring me one. There's not one." The incoming HHS secretary could undo that element of Obamacare immediately by redefining preventive health benefits for women to exclude birth control.
The confirmation hearings are going to be a gas unless, of course, the Democrats completely chicken out, which is always a solid possibility.
Meanwhile, Willard Romney, his principles and naughty bits once again stowed neatly in a fine leather valise, showed up at HQ again Tuesday morning for what probably will be his last B&D sess…er...with the president-elect on the subject of being Secretary of State. I don't think the president-elect has the stones to withstand the dungbomb that will detonate on the right if he puts Willard in that job. (N. Leroy Gingrich is already orbiting Saturn over the whole idea.) Meanwhile, David Petraeus has his own problems and Rudy Giuliani belongs in a locked ward somewhere. Why Trump hasn't simply settled on bland, uncontroversial Bob Corker for the gig already is beyond me.
While all this intrigue is swirling around the lobby of the Obvious Overcompensation in midtown, obvious anagram Reince Priebus interrupted his search for the perfect leather outfit to explain to the country that, as the future White House chief-of-staff, he will be on board with the new administration's environmental policy of letting the Earth burn. From his appearance on Fox News:
"As far as this issue on climate change, the only thing he was saying after being asked a few questions about it was, look, he'll have an open mind about it. But he has his default position which, most of it is a bunch of bunk."
In related news, down in Tennessee, the Smoky Mountains are smokier than usual. They're burning down, and taking a chunk of Gatlinburg with them. From The Knoxville News-Sentinel:
"The center of Gatlinburg looks good for now," said Newmansville Volunteer Fire Department Lt. Bobby Balding. "It's the apocalypse on both sides (of downtown)."
And, in the latest development, Elaine Chao, who is related by marriage to Mitch McConnell, is back in government. This time, she's going to be Secretary of Transportation, or so we are informed by Tiger Beat On The Potomac.
Chao, who ran the Labor Department under President George W. Bush, met with the incoming president at Trump Tower last week and discussed labor and transportation policy, Trump's transition team said then… The wife of Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.), Chao is the first Asian-American woman to hold a Cabinet-level position. She also served as deputy secretary of transportation under President George H.W. Bush. Chao was also a member of Trump's Asian Pacific American Advisory Council during the campaign.
When she was Secretary of Labor under C-Plus Augustus, Chao was notable in her lack of enthusiasm for the job of keeping workers safe and holding employers liable. The enforcement of mine safety regulations pretty much collapsed, as did the Sago River mine in 2006 and the Crandall Canyon Mine in 2007, killing 15 people. Low-wage workers pretty much were out of luck, too, as the General Accounting Office discovered.
That's it for the moment. Hell, it isn't even noon yet.
Click here to respond to this post on the official Esquire Politics Facebook page.
Charles P Pierce is the author of four books, most recently Idiot America, and has been a working journalist since 1976. He lives near Boston and has his three children.


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On Fox, Discredited Anti-Immigrant Filmmaker Triples Number Of Undocumented Immigrants In The U.S.
Fox hosted Dennis Michael Lynch, a discredited anti-immigrant filmmaker, to push the myth that there are 30 million undocumented immigrants in the United States. Recent research shows the actual number -- 11.3 million -- is about one-third of Lynch's claim and is down from previous years.
Fox Guest Lynch Baselessly Claims There Are Close To 30 Million Undocumented Immigrants In The U.S.
On Fox, Lynch Claims His "Research" Shows "Closer To 30 Million" Undocumented Immigrants In The U.S.. On the July 28 edition of Fox & Friends, Lynch claimed that "there's no 11 million people in this country illegally ... the research that I've done shows more that it's closer to 30 million people illegally ... I know it's far more." [Fox News, Fox & Friends, 7/28/15]
Recent Report Shows There Are 11.3 Million Undocumented Immigrants In The U.S., Down From 2007
Pew: Currently 11.3 Undocumented Immigrants In The U.S., Down From 2007. A July 22 report from the Pew Research Center noted that "an estimated 11.3 million unauthorized immigrants lived in the U.S. in 2014." The undocumented immigrant population has decreased from the 2007 peak of 12.2 million, and has remained stable for five years, which "contrasts with past trends" of rising levels:
An estimated 11.3 million unauthorized immigrants lived in the U.S. in 2014, according to a new preliminary Pew Research Center estimate based on government data. This population has remained essentially stable for five years after nearly two decades of changes.
The recent overall stability contrasts with past trends. The unauthorized immigrant population had risen rapidly during the 1990s and early 2000s, from an estimated 3.5 million in 1990 to a peak of 12.2 million in 2007. It then dropped sharply during the Great Recession of 2007-09, mainly because of a decrease in immigration from Mexico.
The overall estimate has fluctuated little in recent years because the number of new unauthorized immigrants is roughly equal to the number who are deported, leave the U.S. on their own, convert to legal status, or (in a small number of cases) die, according to the Pew Research analysis. The new unauthorized immigrant total includes people who cross the border illegally as well as those who arrive with legal visas and remain in the U.S. after their visas expire. [PewResearch.org, 7/22/15]
Lynch Has A History Of Pushing Discredited Anti-Immigrant Myths
Lynch "Guarantee[d]" ISIS Crossed Border: "I've Seen Qurans, Prayer Rugs." In 2014, Lynch stoked fears about ISIS crossing the U.S.-Mexico border on Fox, claiming "I would guarantee you, they're already here," because "I've seen Qurans, prayer rugs, you name it." [Fox News, Fox & Friends, 8/13/14]
Lynch: Some Immigrants Are Coming To America To "Cut Your Throat." During a 2012 interview with Fox's Neil Cavuto, Lynch fearmongered about immigrants saying, "not everybody is coming here to cut your lawn, some people are coming here to cut your throat." [Fox News, Your World with Neil Cavuto, 9/18/12]
Lynch's Films Have Been Heavily Promoted By Hate Groups. Lynch's two previous anti-immigrant films, They Come to America I & II, were heavily promoted by the Federation For American Immigration Reform (FAIR), an organization the Southern Poverty Law Center has designated as a hate group. [Media Matters, 10/9/13]

subset: commoncrawl


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The Victory Highway monument is a representation of the earlier county bronze eagle markers of the 1920s. original eagle markers were to be located at each county line with a plaque dedicated to the sons and daughters who served their country in World War I, sacrificing their lives for our freedom. Only five original bronze eagles are known to be in existence, two in Kansas and three in California. The Victory Highway is a near-forgotten relic of the early 20th century roadways, a path traversed by early auto-pioneers from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. The road you are standing on today was completed in 1925 and used until the 1940s. Highway U.S. 40 replaced the Victory Highway to the south, which is now known as Wendover Boulevard. The arch represents the Victory Highway sign, used at the only documented official ceremony opening the Victory Highway. The ceremony took place on June 25, 1925, just east of Wendover on the Bonneville Salt Flats. Officiating were Utah Governor George Dern, Nevada Governor James Scrugham, and Secretary of Agriculture William Jardine.
Association Incorporated
The Victory Highway Association incorporated in Topeka, Kansas, late in 1921 to locate and mark a transcontinental highway. Victory Highway, dedicated to American Forces who died in World War I, traversed the United States from New York City to San Francisco. In 1925, the transcontinental route offered a panorama of the mid-section of the country that epitomizes the western expansion of the Nation from Colonial days to the present time. For 3,205 miles, this great motorway follows the same course, or one closely parallel, as that of the earliest settlers of the Ohio, Mississippi and Missouri valleys, crossing 14 states in all. Less than 14 percent or 788 miles of the highway was unimproved.
From Salt Lake City, the Victory Highway skirts around Great Salt Lake over the famous Wendover Cutoff. The crossing of the salt flats between Salt Lake City and Wendover on the Utah/Nevada border was costly, involving give years of labor. The remarkable engineering feat bridged what was once a great obstacle to transcontinental motor travel, the Bonneville Salt Flats. This accomplishment blazed a new auto-route across northern Nevada to Reno, parallel to the Lincoln Highway to the south. In the early to mid-twenties, only 81 miles of the 371 miles of the Victory Highway across Utah were paved, 107 miles consisted of gravel surfacing, and 183 miles were relatively unimproved. The Victory Highway was designated Route No. 40 by state and federal highway officials shortly after the Wendover Cutoff was completed, and the Victory Highway was used until it was replaced in the 1940s.
An original culvert to the east of this marker still exists today. When a newer portion of Highway 40 was constructed in the 1940s, this section of the Victory Highway, along with culverts, was left intact. Constructed of stone and galvanized steel, these culverts are a testament to the skills of road engineers and rock masons of the early 19th century.
Federal Highway
In 1921, the federal government passed the Federal Highway Act of 1921. A similar act, passed in 1916, provided matching funds to the states for highway construction. Unlike the 1916 act, the 1921 act required the states to identify seven percent of its total mileage as "primary"; only these roads would be eligible for federal funds. In the ten years prior to the 1921 act, the United States went from having one named highway to having an unorganized and confusing system of multiple-named highways. As a result, a numbered highway system was formed to organize the national highways across the United States. In most states, the Lincoln Highway was the obvious choice as a federal road, but there were a few exceptions, the greatest challenge being Utah. Despite numerous reports and heavy lobbying by the Lincoln Highway Association, the federal government selected the Wendover route or "Victory Highway" (Route No. 40) as the federal road across Utah and Nevada.
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The word "Kutch" means "island" in Sanskrit. This refers to the fact that in ancient days, the Ranns, meaning deserts of Kutch were sunken by the Indus river flowing into the sea. This made the area get separated from the mainland and submerged into a shallow body of water, more like an island. In 1819, an earthquake changed the topography and the Indus river began to flow further westward, and the Ranns became a vast desert of saline deposits. The Ranns become marshy salt flats that look snowy white when the water dries up in the summer.
Harappan artifacts have been excavated from Khadir, an island of Kutch proving the existence of Kutch in ancient India. Kutch was ruled by the Rajput rulers of Sindh and later during Jadeja Rajput king Khengarji I, Bhuj became the capital of Kutch. During the Mughal era, in 1741, Lakhpatji I became the king of Kutch and ordered the construction of the widely renowned Aina Mahal palace. Lakhpatji was known for patronizing poets, dancers and singers and during his reign, Kutch prospered in all cultural aspects.
In 1815, the British captured the Bhujiyo Dungar hill, and Kutch became a British district. The Prag Mahal palace, the Ranjit Vilas palace, the Vijay Vilas palace in Mandvi were built in Kutch in this British period. As a princely state, lot of developmental work took place during this period till Kutch joined the newly independent India.
Tourist Places In And Around Kutch
On the outer side of the Rann of Kutch, the ecologically important Banni grasslands can be found. With Gulf of Kutch in the South and the Arabian Sea in the West, the northern and eastern parts of Kutch are inbound by the great and small Rann of Kutch. The Ranns are essentially wetlands. Kutch has two major ports Kandla and Mundra that are closest to the Gulf and Europe via sea route.
The frequently used language here is Kutchi and to some extent Gujarati, Sindhi, and Hindi. As the original script of the Kutchi language has become nonexistent, it is now written in the Gujarati script. There are various communities and groups residing in Kutch. Immigrants from neighbouring Marwar, Sindh, Afghanistan, etc., have mixed with the original Kutch people to create these groups.
To experience this extraordinary cultural variety and the unique geographical phenomenon of the Rann of Kutch, one really needs to visit this place while touring Gujarat.
How To Reach Kutch
The nearest airport to Kutch is the Bhuj Airport. The place is well connected by rail and road too.
Best Time To Visit Kutch
Winter is the best season to visit Kutch.


text: Entertainment TV Inside Emily Maynard's 'Rustic Glam' Wedding The former Bachelorette tied the knot with a Southern-inspired bash on Saturday By Aili Nahas Aili Nahas Aili Nahas is the West Coast Deputy News Editor at PEOPLE. She is also the TV deputy in Los Angeles as well as the Weddings Editor. Aili has spent nearly two decades in the entertainment industry and 12 years at PEOPLE. People Editorial Guidelines Published on June 12, 2014 08:00 AM Share Tweet Pin Email Photo: Corbin Gurkin She may have worn her share of sequins and gowns on The Bachelorette, but in reality, Emily Maynard says she's much more low-key. So when it came time to plan her June 7 wedding to fiancé Tyler Johnson, 28, an automotive management consultant, the bride-to-be kept it simple. "I'm not super fussy," says Maynard, 28, of her down-home outdoor affair, complete with twinkling lights and a Southern-inspired menu. "I never pictured myself as the country club bride." The ceremony's location, underneath a 150-year-old white oak tree on the groom's family farm in Sharon, South Carolina, was a no-brainer. "As soon as I saw it, even before Tyler and I discussed marriage, I thought, 'Yup, I'm going to get married under that tree,' " Maynard says. "It reminded me of growing up in West Virginia – the beautiful trees and the green grass." And for the 200 guests, who were told they were attending an engagement party, the surprise nuptials were all the more sweet. Once they arrived at the farm, Maynard's 8-year-old daughter (and maid of honor) Ricki helped make an aisle with lanterns, at which point the bride, wearing a custom Modern Trousseau dress, walked toward her groom to "Here Comes the Bride." See Emily Maynard's Official Wedding Portrait "Seeing Tyler standing there was one of the most magical moments of my life," Maynard gushes. "And having my daughter standing up there with us made the whole thing that much more meaningful." Once they were pronounced husband and wife, the newlyweds joined their guests in a clear tent for a rustic glam reception, planned by Ivy Robinson Events. Tray-passed appetizers – "fried and Southern, my favorite!" Maynard says – included pickled shrimp, fried okra and mini cheese tarts, while food stations featured fried green tomatoes, macaroni and cheese and pulled pork. Capping off the culinary delights was a four-tiered confection by Wow Factor Cakes featuring two flavors: almond sponge cake with raspberry and white chocolate and lemon sponge cake with lemon curd and lemon mousse. Then it was time to party. An open-air dance floor and tunes from Zachary Kale kept people shimmying all night. "There was no shortage of dancing!" Maynard says. Emily Maynard's 'White Trash Bash' Bachelorette Party And no shortage of sweet treats, either. Before friends and family departed, they received burlap bags filled with local goodies like ONEHOPE coffee, Neet's Sweets pies in a jar and all-natural cookies from Helen's Kitchen. The wedding may be over, but the ex-Bachelorette's happy ending is just beginning. "I'm just looking forward to building our life together as a family," says Maynard, who will move into a new home with Johnson and Ricki following the honeymoon. "This is exactly where I'm supposed to be. And I'm excited to have babies!" For more exclusive photos of Emily Maynard's big day, pick up the new issue of PEOPLE, on newsstands Friday


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Listed below are the year 2015 working papers of faculty and graduate students of the Krannert School of Management, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. These papers give Krannert scholars the opportunity to make the results of new and continuing research available in a timely fashion. Many of the working papers are draft stages of articles which will eventually be published in reputable scholarly or professional journals.
You will need a PDF reader such as Adobe Reader to view the PDF documents. If you do not have this software, or would like an updated version, it may be downloaded free from the Adobe website.
Krannert Working Papers - 2015
1280 Kendall Kennedy The Effects of No Pass, No Drive Policies on High School Education
1281 Mohit Tawarmalani - Jean-Philippe P. Richard Decomposition Techniques in Convexification of Inequalities


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The question of whether television's assault on society will result in illiteracy is an anachronism. Equally those research projects that count the number of cigarettes, glasses of whisky and revolver shots are virtually irrelevant. A new television has surfaced where letters and texts absorb our attention. This may sound reassuring, a return to the tradition of writing. But one danger has simply been traded in for another. Our well-being is now threatened by a new perversion: television fetishism.
Until recently television was simply advanced radio. With the advent of television in the 1950s the family gathered in a semi-circle around an appliance that looked suspiciously like its predecessor. The programs followed more or less the pattern one expected of radio, but the voices were made flesh in a blurry box.
For the viewer the snow-storm cleared with the progress of technology. Yet many program makers still create radio with pictures. Images support sound by providing a guarantee of authenticity but add little by way of content.
The viewer turns on his world at the touch of a button. The immediacy of live tv gives him the feeling of standing slap in the middle of history. He receives the world's great story via the simple perspective of the character of the presenter. This easy structuring, this pre- digestedness enables the viewer to lap up the stream of information in a completely passive state. The screen is transparent in a one-way direction: by means of the mechanisms of identification the viewer becomes the presenter but he will never be hit by the spray of gunfire. The viewer nestles in his comfy chair and forms an absolute unity with this reassuring form of television.
This situation is gradually changing since the coupling of computer technology and television. And the viewer who is used to sumultaneously knitting, opening a can of beer, reading the newspaper or carrying out some other household activity has received something of a shock. The use of computer effects in the clearly delineated field of clips appears to have been nothing more than a finger exercise in the total overthrow of the established order of television. Above all it is the combination of image manipulation or special effects with the graphic application of the computer that seems to herald a new era of television in which the visual element is at least as important as the auditive and where the monocular Renaissance perspective has been replaced by the multiple computer perspective.
Most stations use the new technology simply in a desperate attempt to maintain the semblance of an identity. The logos, generated graphically by computer, appear on screen and tumble towards the viewer with the hidden message: I exist!
Dutch law insist that every station represents an important section of society. Because in Holland this is measured by the number of individuals who become members of a particular station the system is reversed and a station's right to exist in fact depends on how many people identify with it. So a station must be attractive and identifiable. Considering, of course, that this combination is impossible, Dutch stations opt for those programs that scored well in the amusement stakes of American laboratories, and merely profile themselves by means of their logo. What began simply as modestly announcing the name during the station presenter's introduction was soon flashed on the screen during every amusing sequence. Now feature films are almost constantly visited by doves in logo formation that flap across the screen and the way things are going it won't be long before the screen is completely over-run by flocks of logo-bearing birds.
Obvious Text
RABOTNIK created a pointed parody of this on Amsterdam TV. Clutching their logo the RABOTNIK team approached a computer company with the request to unleash all the standards effects. The result is a logo that unfurls, rotates on various planes, comes apart... and then the text appears: Net Echt, just like the real thing.
RABOTNiK's experiments with computer graphics have progressed still further. Texts interrupt television footage as separate blocks of titles like in silent films or the work of JEAN LUC GODARD. Computer graphics are the formal elements with which on an aesthetic level they distinguish their cultural magazine from the usual TV fodder.
Last summer the BBC broadcast its travel guide The Rough Guide to Europe which used these devices in more structural way.
A television crew from Def II, a program for young people, travelled through Europe's capitals and edited its experiences at the breakneck tempo of the videoclip, openly exploiting video effects such as strobes and digitizers. Regularly the image was divided up with each fragment telling its own story. One of The Rough Guide's innovations was to combine the squeeze with graphics.
The program about Amsterdam focused on the anne frank House. During an excerpt from the film The Diary of Anne Frank in which ANNE wonders despairing what has become of lies, the bottom edge is pushed up into the image. In the block that is created underneath the image, a computer-generated text spells out the facts of a life that was forcibly ended.
This way of splitting the television frame in two creates an effect that completely differs from the normal way of subtitling. Deff II constrasts the text with the image.
In this case the emotional charge of the image is dramatic while the text is cool and impersonal. The text is always and emphatically an intrusion, often performing as a recalcitrant commentary as in the Red Light District part of the Amsterdam program.
Do you have any check-ups or anything here, for things like AIDS? I mean does the government, uh... you know run any kind of... Beneath the spoken answer to this question {No governments... no, they only have campaigns), ran a text in a black border: Prostitutes are now banned from street-walking. Beneath: But yeah, we always were safe you know. It's not new, ran: More than half of those who did are thought to carry the aids virus.
Like a contemporary variation on einstein's intellectual montage, this design is aimed at the sudden collision of two autonomous sources of information. This generates new meaning. Without the text's graphic articulation as an independent element within the program, these conflicting messages would produce an undecipherable mishmash of information.
A voice-over would be no use in this situation either, for you'd have to listen to two voices at once. Just like titles, it is only after a text has been spoken that the voiceover can place its content in perspective (the contents of the two texts are placed then in a diachrone relation to each other). Rough Guide's power is its simultaneity, its synchronicity of spoken and written text enabling the immediate elimination of the initial meaning of the former.
Although in the Rough Guide the voiceover has been struck dumb, there are regular appearances of presenters. Yet there are no presenters in the weekly BBC pop program Behind the Beat. This is striking because the presenter has always played such an important role in this genre of television. Between the clamourous highspeed editing of the video-clips the constant returning to the figure of the presenter has a steadying effect, it provided a haven of peace. His disappearance from Behind the Beat has cranked up the tempo still further, just as in The Rough Guide. The graphics which mostly appear under a squeezed image, replace the presenter as the source of information. They announce the clips and they appear in the frequent interviews with musicians. You never actually hear a question during an interview and when this cannot be deduced from the answer, the graphics are brought in to help.
So graphics are used for various purposes: they are an element in the identity formula, they have an aesthetic function, they allow for a confrontation between two opposing contents, they create a lethal tempo - and of course the one function does not exclude the other and many combinations are possible.
The anonymous Voice
The introduction of graphics marks the birth not only of a new form of television, but also of a new ideal viewer. The real viewer must adapt to this imaginary viewer. The more like this model he is, the more he will enjoy an evening's TV.
The use of graphics as a fourth track, along with the iconic image, the spoken text and other sound, results in a form of extremely information-packed television which demands full concentration from the viewer. The purposeful fragmentation of the image compels the viewer to use all his senses to follow a program. The multiple perspective means that the viewer can no longer identify with the narrator and be the imaginary source of the image. His illusion that he and his remote control determine world history has been shattered. Stampeding television is leading a life of its own, with it own language, at its own speed and with its own logic. Television has become autonomous and the viewer must adapt his infantile attitudes.
The new television viewer is fascinated by the mysterious disappearance of the single narrator. Being a nostalgic creature, he longs for the time when everything was easy, for the era of dependable presenters who were always there when you turned on the telly. Their world was your world.
The disappearance of the smiling, human presenter marks television's castration of the viewer who always experienced TV as an extension of himself. All his energy is now directed towards healing this gaping wound.
The voice-over is a voice without a body, graphics are words without a voice. There is no information about the age and gender of this form of narration. This anonymity begs the question of who actually is speaking. The viewer stares and stares. Of course this is pointless considering the nature of graphics. Graphics have taken the place of the single narrator (as personified by the presenter) yet at the same time point to his absence. Graphics are a monument to loss. The viewer's searching gaze will never find its object, satisfaction is by definition excluded; the direct experience of narration by means of a presenter or voice-over has been lost.
Although the viewer is quite aware of the fact that a single narrator no longer exists, he still secretly believes that he is hiding somewhere behind the graphics. The viewer doesn't really want to know and cherishes the graphics that seem to lead to the source of his loss. He perks up everytime they appear. He cries out in amazement and sits on the edge of his chair. And it's particularly the technical side that fascinates him which at least in principle seems possible to fathom. For him the computer is tangible proof that graphics lead to a source and connect his, the material, world with the world of chaotic electronic images.
What is strange is that television has managed to maintain its attractiveness. This is precisely because it never provides complete satisfaction. The perverse pleasure of the television fetishist actually consists of the eternal prolonging of desire. By seeking the narrator he can make believe that a narrator still exists. His greatest fear is that it really is possible to glance behind the graphics. The emptiness he would find would confirm his worst fears and also make the break between him and the world of television final and absolute.
translation Annie Wright


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Chapter 4 – The Human Movement System in Fitness
Human Movement
- Human Movement System:(Kinetic Chain) is composed of three related systems: Nervous(central and peripheral nerves), Muscular (muscles, tendons, ligaments and fascia), and Skeletal (joints) systems.
Nervous System
- Nervous System: the system of nerves and nerve centers in an animal or human, including the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia.
- Sensory Function: The human body's ability to recognize changes in the environment within the body or outside of the body.
- Integrative Function: the nervous system processes and interprets the sensory input and makes decisions about what should be done in each moment.
- Motor Function: The human body's ability to respond to the information received from the sensory nervous system.
- Proprioception: the total nervous system input to the central nervous system creating the awareness of the position of one's body
- Neuron: a specialized, impulse-conducting cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of the cell body and its processes, the axon and dendrites
- Sensory (afferent) neurons: a nerve cell that conducts impulses from a sense organ to the central nervous system
- Interneurons: a nerve cell that transmits nerve impulses between neurons.
- Motor (efferent) neurons: a nerve cell that conducts impulses to a muscle, gland, or other effector
- Central Nervous System: the part of the nervous system comprising the brain and spinal cord.
- Peripheral NervousSystem: the portion of the nervous system lying outside the brain and spinal cord that includes the cranial and spinal nerves
- Mechanoreceptors: any of the sense organs that respond to vibration, stretching, pressure, or other mechanical stimuli.
- Muscle Spindles: a proprioceptor that conveys information on the state of muscle stretch or length, important in the reflex mechanism that maintains body posture.
- Golgi Tendon Organs: A proprioceptive sensory nerve ending embedded among the fibers of a tendon that is sensitive to muscle tension.
- Joint Receptors: sensory receptors in joint capsules that contribute (along with other sensory inputs) to awareness of joint position and movement (proprioceptive sensation).
- Skeletal System: The framework of the body, consisting of bones and other connective tissues, which protects and supports the body tissues and internal organs.
- Bones: the hard connective tissue forming the substance of the skeleton, composed of a collagen-rich organic matrix impregnated with calcium, phosphate, and other minerals.
- Joints: the movable or fixed place or part where two bones or elements of a skeleton join.
- Axial Skeleton: the skeleton of the head and trunk including the skull, vertebral column and rib cage.
- Appendicular Skeleton: The bones of the limbs, including the bones of the pelvic girdles.
- Remodeling: mature bone tissue is removed from the skeleton (a process called bone resorption) and new bone tissue is formed (a process called ossificationor new bone formation).
- Osteoclasts: cells that take away or remove mature bone tissue.
- Osteoblasts: cells that are responsible for building up new bone tissue.
- Epiphysis: a part of a bone separated from the main body of the bone by a layer of cartilage and subsequently uniting with the bone through further ossification.
- Diaphysis: the long, narrow portion of a bone
- Epiphyseal Plate: the disk of cartilage between the shaft and the epiphysis of a long bone during its growth.
- Periosteum: the normal investment of bone, consisting of a dense, fibrous outer layer, to which muscles attach, and a more delicate, inner layer capable of forming bone.
- Medullary Cavity: the small cavity in the shaft of a long bone where blood cell formation occurs and marrow is stored.
- Articular (hyaline) cartilage: a firm, elastic, flexible type of connective tissue that covers the end of a bone that makes up a joint.
- Depressions: a flat area of the bone
- Processes: a point in the bone used for muscular or ligamentous attachment
- Vertebral Column: the column of 24 bones making up the spinal column. (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar)
- Arthrokinematics: Description of the movement of the joint surfaces when a bone moves through a range of motion.
- Synovial Joints: joins bones with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones.
- Non Synovial Joints: non-movable joint that excludes the joint capsule, cartilage and ligaments.
- Ligaments: connects bone to bone and provides joint support.
- Muscular System: All the muscles of the body collectively, especially the voluntary skeletal muscles.
- Epimysium: the outermost layer of muscular connective tissue that encompasses the muscle body.
- Perimysium: the middle layer of muscular connective tissue that encompasses the muscle fascicle.
- Endomysium: the deepest layer of muscular connective tissue that encompasses the muscle fiber.
- Tendons: a cord or band of dense, tough, inelastic, white, fibrous tissue, serving to connect a muscle with a bone.
- Sarcomere: like the nueron is to the nervous system the sarcomere is the functional unit of muscle or any of the segments of myofibril in striated muscle fibers; composed of actin and myosin.
- Neural Activation: the nervous system activation of a muscle fiber via the neuromuscular junction.
- Motor Unit: a motor neuron and the muscle fibers innervated by its axon.
- Neurotransmitters: any of several chemical substances, as epinephrine or acetylcholine, that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse to a post-synaptic element, as another nerve, muscle, or gland.
(Compare the above with definitions from the text)
Skeletal Muscle
This image from (SEER Training Modules, n.d.) is similar to the one you may find in the book. It shows how the bundles of muscle fibers can be broken down further as you explore more into the skeletal muscle.
Acetlycholine initiating the muscular contraction.
Excitation-contraction coupling is the process of the nervous system stimulating a muscle to contract. This is known as the sliding filament theory. In this figure xenical where to buy shown in the book it gives 10 steps in the initiation and end of the contraction. Below the steps are more condensed to assist in understanding. Check out Fitness Mentors Study Guide for the NASM CPT Exam to learn what you need to know specifically about this chart.
- The Neurotransmitter ACh is released and attaches to receptors generating an action potential down the T tubules.
- Action potential triggers Calcium (Ca2+) release
- calcium binds to troponin removing the blocking action of tropomysosin and exposing the actin active binding site.
- Contraction occurs by the myosin cross bridges alternately attach to actin and detach, pulling the filaments closer to the center of the sarcomere. Detachment of actin from myosin requires ATP.
- Removal of Calcium by active transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum after the action potential ceases.
- Tropomyosin restores its location, covering the actin active site so no more contraction occurs.
Compare to Table 4.1
Type I: Endurance fibers; small; more oxygen and mitochondrial density; less power.
Type II: Less enduring; less oxygen delivery; more power and force, larger than type I.
Compare to Table 4.2
Muscle as Movers
Muscle functions are categorize as an agonist, synergist, stabilizer or antagonist.
- Agonist muscles: prime mover
- Synergist muscles: assist the same movement as the prime mover
- Stabilizer muscles: Stabilize the joints of the body during the movement
- Antagonist muscles: relax to allow the prime mover to work efficiently
|Dumbell Curl
|Rotator cuff
|Calf Raise
|Posterior tibialis
|Intrinsic Muscles of the ankle, knee and hip
|Anterior tibialis
Compare to Figure 4.27 – Atria and Ventricles
Atria and Ventricles
The heart has two pairs chambers called the Right atrium and ventricles. The functions of the chambers are as follows:
The atriums are located on either side of the heart. Right Atrium is designed to receive the blood that is coming to the heart from the whole body and the Left Atrium is designed to receive the blood that is coming to the heart from the lungs.
The ventricles are also located on either side of the heart. Right Ventricle have thin walls because of a low pump of blood that flows to the lungs which is a short distance from the heart. The Left Ventricle has much thicker walls because of a high pressure pump of blood that flows to the rest of the body.
Compare to Table 4.4 – Functions of Blood
The cardiovascular system.
This slide above is provide from a presentation from share slide (stewart_j, n.d.). It is similar to the table that is shown in the book. NASM deems it important to understand the functions and support mechanisms of blood.
Table 4.30 – The Respiratory Pump – The abdominal and thoracic structures that contribute to the expansion and contraction of the lungs.
Muscles of the respiratory pump consist of:
Inhalation: Diaphram, Scalenes, Pec Minor and Sternocleidomastoid.
Exhalation: Abdominals and Internal intercostals.
How the respiratory pump works:


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Mailing list on homogenisation of climate data.
Scope of homogenisation list
The homogenisation mailing list aims to strengthen the communication and co-operation in homogenenisation. Suggested uses of the list are announcements on:
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The facts shoot holes in Obama's claim that US is only host to mass killings
On Tuesday, President Obama stunned Americans and French alike with his false claims about gun violence in America. "I say this every time we've got one of these mass shootings. This just doesn't happen in other countries," claimed Obama. It is a claim that he has continually repeated over the years.
Talk about being self-absorbed.
The French have witnessed three mass public shootings this year. January saw two attacks, one on the Charlie Hebdo magazine and another on a Paris supermarket.
In the November attacks, 129 people were killed and 352 were injured. In just 2015, France suffered more casualties – killings and injuries – from mass public shootings than the U.S. has suffered during Obama's entire presidency (508 to 424). This number includes the San Bernandino massacre on Wednesday.
In just 2015, France suffered more casualties – killings and injuries – from mass public shootings than the U.S. has suffered during Obama's entire presidency (508 to 424). This number includes the San Bernandino massacre on Wednesday.
Obama also overlooks Norway, where Anders Behring Breivik used a gun to kill 67 people and wound 110 others. Still others were killed by bombs that Breivik detonated. Of the four worst K-12 school shootings, three have occurred in Europe. Germany had two of these — one in 2002 at Erfut and another in 2009 at Winnenden, with a total death toll of 34.
Obama isn't correct even if he meant the frequency of fatalities or attacks. Many European countries actually have higher rates of death from public shootings that resulted in four or more murders. It's simply a matter of adjusting for America's much larger population.
Let's look at mass public shootings from 2009 to the middle of June this year. To compare fairly with American shootings, I excluded attacks that might be better classified as struggles over sovereignty. For instance, I did not count the 22 people killed in the Macedonian town of Kumanovo last month.
Norway had the highest annual death rate, with 2 mass public shooting fatalities per million people. Macedonia had a rate of 0.38, Serbia 0.28, Slovakia 0.20, Finland 0.14, Belgium 0.14, and the Czech Republic 0.13. The US comes in No. 8 with 0.095 mass public shooting fatalities per million people. Austria and Switzerland are close behind.
In terms of the frequency of attacks, the United States ranks ninth, with 0.09 attacks per million people. Macedonia, Serbia, Switzerland, Norway, Slovakia, Finland, Belgium, and the Czech Republic all had higher rates.
There are two other studies on these questions that have gotten a fair amount of attention.
One, by State University of New York-Oswego public justice professor Jaclyn Schildkraut and Texas State University researcher H. Jaymi Elsass, who look at shootings across countries, has left out a large number of shootings in other countries.
Yet, despite the extensive news coverage their study has received, they miss a lot of cases. For example, in France, they miss three mass public shootings:
— Tours, France, October 29, 2001: four people were killed and 10 wounded when a French railway worker started killing people at a busy intersection in the city.
— Nanterre, France, March 27, 2002: a man kills eight city councilors after a city council meeting.
— Toulouse, France, March 19, 2012, Mohammed Merah killed four people (the killer also killed people in Montauban, France).
Other cases are missed in such countries as Austria, Belgium, Finland, Netherlands, Italy, Macedonia, Spain, Switzerland and Slovakia.
It takes a lot of time and effort to find all the cases, but if you get all the attacks in the U.S. and miss those in other countries, it makes the U.S. look a lot worse.
Another by Lankford reportedly goes back to 1966, but while he shares his study with reporters, he requires that they don't share it with researchers in the area and, despite the wide publicity given his findings, he has repeatedly turned down requests by myself to see his research.
The president's statement was also limited in another sense. He was referring only to shootings in his statement, but bombs are frequently used elsewhere in the world.
The Boston Marathon bombing was a rare exception these days in the United States. But countries such as Russia have frequently suffered bombings. Indeed, since 2009, the nation has seen 1.31 deaths per million from bombings that caused four or more fatalities.
Between 2007 and 2011, there was an average of 6,282 terrorist attacks per year outside of Iraq, Afghanistan and the U.S. On average, more than 27,000 people were killed, injured or kidnapped each year.
Obama keeps using these attacks to advocate requiring background checks on private transfers of guns. Such a requirement, however, already exists in France and almost all of Europe.
The background checks failed. So, too, did France and Belgium's complete bans on the weapons used in those attacks. The terrorists who attacked those countries still got the weapons that they wanted.
Of the people stopped by background checks, nearly all are people who should have been allowed to buy guns. These delays may be mere inconveniences for most people, but they can endanger the lives of people who are being stalked and need immediate protection.
There is another common factor between mass public shootings. Virtually all of the attacks in America and Europe are taking place where general citizens can't carry guns for protection. At some point, it has to become apparent to gun control advocates that gun-free zones only protect the killers.
Can Obama actually believe his claim that these attacks "just doesn't happen in other countries"? More likely, Obama is willing to go to any extreme as he pushes for European-type gun control. The last thing he wants to admit is that countries with such strict gun-control laws can have so many deadly attacks.


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The five-star all inclusive Sueno Deluxe Belek Hotel will open in April 2015 and has been designed as a high class resort.
On the beautiful coastline of Belek and directly next to the Sueno Golf Club, offering the challenging courses Pines and Dunes, the hotel is the new top destination for golfers. Shuttle buggies are available for golfers all day.
The hotel itself has 426 luxurious rooms, 222 of these are deluxe rooms with sea or garden views.
There are ten Infinity suites with their own pool and pavilion, 16 Swim-up Suites on the wing of the hotel with a private swimming pool in front of the terrace as well as three exclusive villas with butler service, private pool area, sauna and Turkish bath.
If you like, you can enjoy the spa centre with massages and excellent spa treatments to relax your body and soul or if you prefer you can indulge in the hotel's outstanding gym for a workout.
The resort also has a wonderful fine sandy beach that is accessible from the hotel directly on a pier.
Those who would like to enjoy ultimate undisturbed relaxation can book the private lounge areas on the beach.
In the morning you will enjoy a rich breakfast buffet in the main restaurant to kick start your day. The Sueno Deluxe Team want nothing more than for you to experience all the delights on offer. A paradise for gourmets is located right in the Hotel Sueno Avenue:
Throughout the day there is plenty to do at the resort with varied entertainment program for selection.
The indoor entertainment centre which includes an amusement park, Game Corners, Sport-Events promises play, fun and enjoyment all year round.
For the younger guests there is a kids club with its own pool area and many great offers.
And in the evening, a visit to the impressive amphitheater of the hotel with fun events and shows of an excellent standard.
Sueno Deluxe Hotel Golf Courses
* Pines Golf Course
* Dunes Golf Course
Sueno Hotel Golf Courses
* Pines Golf Course
* Dunes Golf Course


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LONG BEACH >> There is no overstating how important the NCAA Super Regional finale at Blair Field Sunday is for the Long Beach State baseball team.
The Dirtbags followed a quintessential postseason performance on Friday with one of their worst performances of the season on Saturday. Uncharacteristic miscues simultaneously gave Cal State Fullerton confidence in a blowout 12-0 victory, and turned Sunday's elimination game into arguably the most important in LBSU program history.
First pitch at Blair Field is scheduled for noon. The winner will move on to the College World Series.
"Today it feels like we lost the series," LBSU coach Troy Buckley said. "But we just lost a game. We've lost games before and we're in a position to win a series (Sunday) just like them."
The Dirtbags are in the midst of a resurgent season during which they won their first outright conference title since 2003, and hosted the postseason for the first time since 2008. They reached the College World Series four times from 1989-1998, but haven't been back since.
Meanwhile, LBSU became the bridesmaids of the Big West Conference while Cal State Fullerton catapulted to prominence. The Titans have won the Big West eight times since 1999, reached the Super Regional 13 times and won the College World Series in 2004. Fullerton has also won 142 of the 216 games against LBSU.
A win Sunday will exorcise that rivalry demon for LBSU while making sure the season's accomplishments aren't a footnote to two consecutive postseason losses to its rival. It will make recruiting, scheduling and the rebuilding of Blair Field a lot easier in the near future. On the other hand, a loss could do immeasurable damage to the momentum built in seven years under Buckley.
"It's a huge game and it's awesome, there's nothing better," Buckley said of Game 3. "But at the same time it's a baseball game. We've played a lot of them. We need to prepare for that game just like anything else. There just happens to be a lot more going on around here than there normally is."
Fullerton coach Rick Vanderhook said his program's pedigree doesn't help it in the winner-take-all game.
"No advantage," Vanderhook said. "We're going to tee it up, toe to toe, and it's going to be a blast."
LBSU will have to get back to what it does best in order to survive and advance. On Saturday, pitcher Dave Smith wasn't sharp on short rest and had his worst start of the year. The senior gave up 11 hits and nine runs in three innings. It was Smith's shortest outing of the season, and nine runs was a season high. He and the Dirtbags pitching staff both led the Big West in ERA. Twelve runs tied a season high.
"I take responsibility for asking so much from Smith," Buckley said. The senior pitched 13 scoreless innings during the Regional, including four on Monday.
"This loss is on me," he said. "I completely own it."
The Dirtbags' defense didn't help Smith, making four errors and a handful of defensive miscues. LBSU was top-10 in the nation with a .980 fielding percentage entering the weekend.
LBSU also prides itself on two-out offense, but it stranded 10 runners on base Saturday, and has left 21 runners on in the series.
"We're battle tested," LBSU shortstop Laine Huffman said. "We had to win three (consecutive) games to even be here. (Saturday's) loss is a loss. By 12 or by one, we're still in the same situation. We're ready to go and we're moving on."
Buckley would not confirm a starter, but he knows who his team will face. Fullerton will start preseason All-American Colton Eastman, who is back at full strength after an injury. The sophomore stopped pitching on Feb. 25 because of elbow tightness. He has appeared four times since then, and has allowed seven hits and two earned runs in 17 innings.
"They've got a good arm going, there's no doubt about it," Buckley said. "He does some things a little bit like (Saturday starter John) Gavin, but a little more polished and he's got a little better breaking ball."
Buckley will likely give the ball to John Sheaks. The Saturday starter is 8-3 this season, but struggled down the stretch until a strong six innings against San Diego State last weekend. The junior faced Fullerton twice this season. He gave up 10 hits and five earned runs in 11 1/3 innings. LBSU won his first start in March, but lost two weeks ago in the final series of the season.
The Dirtbags could also use redshirt sophomore — and Long Beach Wilson High alum — Tyler Radcliffe. He pitched five impressive innings on Monday in his first collegiate start back from ACL surgery.
"Reality is it's win or go home," Buckley said. "We're not going to try to run away from that. If anyone tries to make it bigger than what it is, in this type of atmosphere, you're not going to see the ability to execute and perform."
"We're confident because of the work we put in all year starting in the fall," Smith said. "We always look at it as an us-vs,-everyone. Even if other people see us as favorites, we're still the underdog. We'll be ready to go."
Tickets for the game are officially sold out, but some are available for resale online. The prices ranged from $77 to $224 on Saturday night.
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How freaking cute are Harper and her English Bulldog, Lola (photos shot by their mom Rebecca Leimbach)?
"From the day her daughter was born, Rebecca Leimbach has photographed the beautiful and budding relationship between the little girl and her English Bulldog. After suffering through years of infertility, Rebecca and her husband were blessed with their daughter Harper. After Harper was born, they tried to have more children but even IVF treatments proved unsuccessful. Feeling an immense sense of guilt and sadness that she wouldn't be able to give Harper a sibling, or in other words a playmate, Rebecca was surprised to find out that, all along, one had been living in their house. Her name was Lola and she was their wonderfully loyal English Bulldog.
"One day Harper came out of her playroom with Lola dressed as a princess and I realized, she has a playmate, the best kind in fact, one who doesn't argue over being dressed up," Rebecca tells us.
When asked about their friendship, Rebecca said, "They have a funny bond. Harper loves Lola immensely, except when Lola eats her toys, which happens quite often. Lola is very protective of Harper, she is always in Harper's business. Whatever Harper is doing, Lola must investigate to make sure it's kosher. Lola treats Harper like I think she would have treated one of her own puppies, had she not been spayed."
She goes on, "I hope that people see what wonderfully amazing animals dogs are, and how their connection with people shape our lives. Like Harper, for example, she's never bored with Lola around. She's completely happy drawing with markers all over Lola's face as she sleeps, or taunting Lola until the she can't take it anymore and body slams her. When Harper looks back at her childhood through these images, she will remember 'my first best friend' Lola. I hope people take away from the images that sometimes without us even realizing it, dogs fill an empty space in our hearts.""
Too cute! More adorableness after the jump.
Source and photos: My Modern Met & Rebecca Leimbach's website and Facebook page


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Baby showers have always been a bit gimmicky. From guessing baby food flavors to melting candy bars in diapers and eating them to guess which brand they are, the baby shower is littered with baby-related games and schticks. That's, um, not what this cake is. This cake is like an erotic cake, but the inverse. The kind that puts you in the exact opposite of a baby-making mood. It's like if you got an erotic cake of a butt, but it's tub girl's butt.
There's not a butt on this cake, just a butthole. One that's being portrayed as actively doing its job. The butthole is the sideshow though. The main attraction on this cake is the baby's head exploding out of a bleeding and open (and half-heartedly groomed) vagina like an alien chest burster. This is probably the worst use of strawberry jam ever recorded.
You ready for this? Okay. (You're not.)
Wait! Stop! Don't run to the kitchen to pour bleach in your eyes! It won't erase the image from your memory. Trust me. I'm writing this article on a braille keyboard.
Cake maker Rebecca Pilkington of Cake O Rama in Lowton, England was asked to make the cake portraying birth in all its horrible, miraculous, gross, incredible, messy glory. She pretty much nailed it. The cake itself is a sponge cake. The frosting is buttercream, the afterbirth/blood is strawberry jam, and the pubes (Jesus Christ) are chocolate sprinkles.
According to the Manchester Evening News, however, everyone involved with the baby shower loved the cake. Which, fair enough. It's not that it's not funny. It's just that, my God, it is graphic. It looks like the parts of a Ren and Stimpy cartoon that make you audibly gag.
Congrats on the kid, random weird British person!


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Are you ready for the most epic trip on 2 wheels ?
Let´s start your dream adventure, from Chicago to Los Angeles on the legendary Route 66. Get spotted in Hollywood with Brad riding your killer coffee racer or reach the finishing line ahead of Valentino Rossi during the Bol d'Or in South of France ...
For all imaginative little ones dreaming of driving the most legendary motorbikes, this is a real treat.
What you will find :
- 21 coloring pages in total of the coolest motos, on single side pages, with a variety of 10 iconic models
- A nice large format (A4 size) for small hands to enjoy
- Each page is suitable for framing when complete
- Hours of fun, unlimited PDF printable pages to share and to start again
- A fantastic alternative to screen time
- An awesome activity to share with family or friends
This issue is guaranteed to make all little creative ones learn and have fun. Design by Color Crush.


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Benny Gold x JanSport - Holiday 2013 Collection | Preview
As a talented graphic designer, Benny Gold has been paving the way for well-designed streetwear. After completing several solid collaboration projects with JanSport, here we see yet another collection from the Holiday 2013 season. Going back to the drawing board, the San Francisco-based designer seems to have continued the Native American theme again. Three backpacks and a laptop case make up the line-up, cleverly integrating the Paper Plane graphic inside the linear pattern seen on the exterior of the bags. Look out for these pieces in November when they drop at Benny Gold dealers worldwide.
via: HB


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It was reported that Cecilia Cheung's comeback drama is now considered a flop since it began airing on television recently.
As reported on HK01, the actress who returned to acting through the new romance drama, "Love Can't Wait" recently, found herself unable to save the drama which has been criticised for being too slow, too outdated, and too dramatic in its storyline.
The drama originally premiered with good viewership ratings, mostly from Cecilia's fans who wanted to watch their favourite actress again after a ten-year hiatus.
However, the ratings had since been declining, with last week's ratings being the lowest for a Hunan Television drama.
Despite the criticisms regarding the storyline, many praised Cecilia for her portrayal of a tragic wife.
Co-starring Vanness Wu, "Love Can't Wait" tells the story of a woman who suffers from the death of her child and the mental torture she receives from her estranged husband and mother-in-law.
(Photo Source: Hk01)


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There are many reasons why men freeze their sperm. Most common are:
Medical treatments - treatments such as chemotherapy can affect fertility and sperm quality. Men choose to freeze their sperm prior to starting treatment
Prior to a vasectomy
Medical conditions which can affect the quality of your sperm
How does sperm freezing work?
Before you freeze your sperm you will undergo screening to make sure you are free of any infectious diseases. You will also be offered the opportunity to discuss the implications of sperm freezing with one of our experienced counsellors.
You will need to give written consent for your sperm to be used. The consent form allows you to specify what happens to your sperm in the event that something happens to you and how long you want your sperm sample to be preserved for. You can withdraw your consent for the use of your sperm at any time.
You then visit our clinic and provide a fresh sperm sample, which is then preserved in liquid nitrogen.
When you decide you wish to use your sperm, it is thawed and analysed by our team of andrologists to make sure it is of good enough quality to be used.
The chances of pregnancy using frozen sperm depends on a number of factors. These include how successfully your sperm survives the freeze-thaw process. Your sperm can be used in IVF or ICSI treatment.


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Drought, famine, now flooding hits in fragile Niger
NAIROBI, Kenya - Already beset by a severe hunger crisis, the western African nation of Niger is grappling with its worst flooding in 80 years.
At least half a million people have been displaced, according to the aid agency Oxfam, and the cholera rate is expected to rise. More than 80 people have died in the floods, the United Nations says.
The rains, which were essential to help a nation that has suffered droughts in 2005, 2010 and this year, have destroyed thousands of acres of crops, hurting thousands of desperate families.
"Although rain is needed, this year's excessive rains have destroyed thousands of houses and farmland, and families already struggling to survive have lost everything," Samuel Braimah, country director for Oxfam in Niger, said in a statement. "These floods were the last thing the country needed."
The youngest in this country of 16 million people are being hit the hardest: According to UNICEF, 1 million children in the Sahel region of western Africa face life-threatening malnutrition this year, and a third of them live in Niger.
Schools in the capital, Niamey, are providing shelter to flood victims. That has postponed the start of the school year for thousands of students, according to Oxfam.
Meanwhile, the drought still affects more than 5.5 million people in Niger - and 18 million across the Sahel region.
Both UNICEF and the World Health Organization warn that cholera rates could spike as the floods exacerbate conditions - namely, poor sanitation and hygiene practices - that help spread the disease. Cholera emergencies have been declared in western Niger and Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Congo.
The humanitarian concerns are exacerbated by regional instability. Niger and other countries in the region are under pressure from insecurity in neighboring Mali, where al-Qaida-linked Islamists have taken over the northern part of the country. More than 260,000 refugees have fled to Mali's neighbors, including Niger, straining their fragile economies. The region already suffers from high poverty levels and has one of the lowest human-development levels in the world, according to the United Nations.
"Political turmoil, extreme climatic conditions and fragile economies are combining to create a perfect storm of vulnerability," U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon said at a meeting on the Sahel region last week at the 67th U.N. General Assembly in New York.
"Terrorist groups, transnational criminal organizations and insurgencies threaten peace and prosperity," he said. "There is a particularly disturbing rise in extremism, and human-rights abuses are prevalent. Human trafficking is on the rise, along with drug trafficking and arms smuggling."


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Expanding Your Development and Investment Perspective......Connect with Rock County
(Edgerton, WI) By Jake Magee, Gazette
A Med Flight helicopter landed in an Edgerton Middle School parking lot Friday afternoon.
Fortunately, it was responding to a mock accident, not a real one.
Students playing dead and injured victims of a crash, were cut from a vehicle by Edgerton and Orfordville firefighters and paramedics. The spectacle ended a day of hands-on learning for eighth graders about firefighting and emergency medicine.
Six stations inside and outside the school let students experience what it means to be a firefighter or emergency medical technician. In one room, students tried on firefighter gear and used a thermal imaging camera to find hidden peers.
At another station, kids tipped over traffic cones with powerful streams of water from fire hoses. Students also operated fire extinguishers, learned how to perform CPR and toured ambulances and fire trucks.
Eighth-grader Zoe Thompson's favorite part was learning about being an EMT.
"I think that was really interesting because I'm pretty interested in a medical career. I have a lot of things I'd like to pursue," she said with a laugh.
In its sixth year, the event is a great way to teach kids as they're gearing up for summer, said Ryan Beckwith, deputy chief of the Edgerton Fire Protection District.
The district meets with second-graders to teach them fire safety at a young age. The middle school event is the last time the district meets with students before they graduate, he said.
"The idea behind today is, now that they're a little older, we can talk about how you can be a little more safe, learning to use a fire extinguisher—just things that are more applicable to the age group now," Beckwith said. "We wanna give them lessons they can apply."
The mock crash is an important reminder that fatal accidents can happen, even during the carefree bliss of summer.
"Hopefully it's a safe message ... reminding them it's summer, you're a high schooler now, but you still gotta be careful," Beckwith said.
Teacher and event coordinator John Schuster pointed out that the event isn't just educational; it also connects students to important people within their hometown.
"For me, as a teacher, it's about community," he said. "It's tremendously successful."
The event is definitely more engaging and entertaining than sitting in a classroom and listening to a lecture or even watching a video, Beckwith said.
"It's a lot easier to remember things when it's more interactive," Thompson agreed. "Hands-on learning teaches a lot better than sitting a classroom all day."
Thompson was the simulated crash victim firefighters loaded into the helicopter.
"This is a day where everyone is on the same level. Everyone's learning, young and old, and they're all just having fun," Beckwith said. "It's a fun way to wrap up the end of the year."
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Jan 25, 2019, 12:55 ET
TORONTO, Jan. 25, 2019 /CNW/ - The Law Society of Ontario presented a degree of Doctor of Laws, honoris causa (LLD), to Angela Swan, today, at its Call to the Bar ceremony at Roy Thomson Hall in Toronto.
Swan received the LLD in recognition of her work as a highly respected and dedicated lawyer and legal educator, and for her outstanding commitment to her clients, colleagues and students and to the rule of law. She has also established herself as one of the pre-eminent experts in contract law in Canada.
Through her example and through her roles as lawyer, teacher, scholar, author, legal researcher, and law reformer, Swan has been influential in the education of several generations of law students, lawyers and jurists in Canada.
Called to the Bar in 1970, Swan is counsel at Aird & Berlis LLP, where she plays an educational and advisory role to the firm's lawyers across all practice areas. She assists with research and opinions on many legal issues, including corporate transactions and civil and commercial litigation.
She received the Ontario Bar Association's Award for Distinguished Service in 2016 and was awarded the Walter Owen Book Prize in 2007 for her book, Canadian Contract Law. Her book and her many other publications in contract law are frequently cited by courts at all levels, including the Supreme Court of Canada. She is frequently retained by other law firms as an expert witness in connection with matters pertaining to the law in Ontario.
A full biography is available online.
Law Society Treasurer, Malcolm M. Mercer awarded the honorary LLD to Swan, who then delivered the keynote address to the 261 new lawyers at the ceremony.
The Law Society regulates lawyers and paralegals in Ontario in the public interest. The Law Society has a mandate to protect the public interest, to maintain and advance the cause of justice and the rule of law, to facilitate access to justice for the people of Ontario and act in a timely, open and efficient manner.
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SOURCE The Law Society of Ontario
For further information: Media contact: Susan Tonkin, Senior Communications Advisor, Media Relations, at 416-947-7605 or [email protected]


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Two points before we go on:State Department of Education officials said 60 percent of the schools that will administer the PARCC test next spring are participating in the practice run. Other districts, like South Orange-Maplewood, are working with neighboring schools to monitor the exam's implementation."As problems get identified they are being resolved," acting Education Commissioner David Hespe told the Senate Budget Committee during a hearing Thursday in Trenton. "Every field test is going to reveal problems. That's why we do it."The dry-run allows districts to determine their technological capacities for the computer-based exam. Roxbury has spent $500,000 in upgrades to meet the technical requirements of the PARCC, including improvements to its software, network infrastructure and computers.Rehman is using three different devices — Chromebooks, iPads and desk-top computers — to see which work best."That's music to my ears," assistant Education Commissioner Bari Erlichson said. "One of the principals of the design of PARCC is that students should be able to take the exam on (various devices). It is agnostic to the device and the student should see the same item in the say way."
1) Are we sure the conditions of the field test are truly analogous to the conditions of the full implementation of PARCC? Are the tests being hosted on similar servers? Can the state's individual school districts handle the bandwidth requirements and hardware needs of a full-scale administration of PARCC?
It may be music to Erlichson's ears that PARCC works as well on a desktop as a Chromebook... but how confident is she that the field test has appropriately mimicked the conditions of an actual administration, with the dozens (at least) of different hardware and network configurations that will be used across the state, and the millions of students who will be taking the test simultaneously?
Former Acting Commissioner Cerf had a funny habit of picking and choosing what he considered to be "urgent": properly studying the effects of charter schools, for example, was not high on his list of "urgent" matters. But he was always darned sure that we had to roll out the PARCC and attach high stakes to the results -- like teacher evaluations -- as quickly as possible, even if the tests had never been properly vetted.
It seems to me, however, that the only way we can be sure these tests will work the way they are supposed to is to have an actual full-scale administration. Why are we attaching high stakes to PARCC before we have even seen how it works when it is fully implemented? Isn't the far more logical course of action to try out the PARCC, see how it goes, then make policies about which actions to take based on its results?
Or is that not "urgent" enough?
2) Roxbury is a "GH" district as listed in the state District Factor Groups: it's not the lowest in terms of student economic disadvantage, but its still a relatively affluent district. Like many suburban schools in the Garden State, it's had to struggle with the insipid 2% tax cap and declining state aid; however, it is still a relatively well-resourced district, especially compared to the Abbots and non-Abbotts that serve large proportions of students in poverty.
So it's nice that Roxbury got through the PARCC -- but that's not really the test, is it? You see, under Chris Christie, New Jersey's school funding equity -- at one time, the envy of the nation -- has been steadily declining. How can districts without the necessary technology resources can hope to compete with districts, like Roxbury, that are able to pull off the PARCC? How can Hoboken -- a district being financially devastated by the segregated charters the state forces it to fund -- possibly find the resources needed to administer the PARCC as easily as Chatham, a community with a strong tax base, far fewer students in economic disadvantage, and no charter schools leeching off of its budgets?
PARCC -- like AchieveNJ, aka Operation Hindenburg, the new teacher evaluation system -- is yet another way to exacerbate the growing inequality in New Jersey's schools. AchieveNJ is putting an undue burden on schools without adequate resources; so, undoubtedly, is PARCC.
But this reality doesn't help sell the image of a testing regime that is bright and sunny and happy:
I mean, why don't they just hire Pharrell to be the new spokesman for the NJDOE? Bari Erlichson could borrow his hat...The computer-based PARCC exam has generated plenty of anxiety around the state. The New Jersey Education Association, the state's largest teachers union, has called for delaying its debut next spring, saying teachers and districts need more time to adapt to both the subject matter and format.Hespe told lawmakers Thursday that about 71 percent of the state's school districts are ready, but that leaves 29 percent unprepared. Officials are working on contingency plans that might include using paper and pencil, Hespe said.Teachers have testified at state Board of Education meetings that the PARCC, and the more rigorous curriculum it assesses, are creating chaos. The fact that they are being judged by their students' performance ratchets up the stress.But Erlichson said the state has planned for years for the rollout of the Common Core curriculum and the PARCC. A handful of schools first tested the exam last year, she said, and that experience led to changes and improvements.Schools were asked to volunteer for the practice test and were given a 20-day time frame that allows them to decide when and how to administer it. A second round will be given in late May, she said."From a test administration standpoint, we need to give folks the information they need to feel confident," she said. "I'm delighted to see the sharing of these tech folks."
The truth is that, under Cerf, NJDOE has lost just about all its credibility with teachers in this state. And if you go to one of the few places where teachers can actually give feedback about the PARCC field test -- testingtalk.org -- you'll find the reviews are not very good. A few samples:
The tests were an embarrassment. The passages on most days weren't so bad and yes I know day three one passage that was high but it was the length of the tests and some of the questions. But we shouldn't have expected better. Only thing that made it better was the way kids came in a little more knowing and in my school a little less stressed about the exam. I'm in a middle school and the kids came in knowing it will be difficult. The work we did bookmarks, centers , reading marathon, leveled questions based on where a student is made them more relaxed. Discussion around the social I justice of these tests made them more knowledgeable, the realization that these tests shouldn't define anybody made them stronger. Thank you tc for helping with that.Or:
I just can't stop thinking about the question of who is this test for. I work with eighth graders in an inclusion program. At best, these tests make then miserable, at worst, a feeling of utter helplessness. What do they gain from this? Does a Pearson rep contact the family with insight into their child as a learner? Teachers in NYC DOE have to give up teaching time to score the test for another grade, for someone else's students. At best, this test which was created by someone else will be used to evaluate the teacher as part of "holistic" process that just happens not to get student or parent feedback. So, who exactly is a "stakeholder" ? There is a much better way to use resources and I think that a real conversation need to begin. Let's start valuing the input of those who we should value and stop allowing outside forces to evaluate there way into our coffers.Or:
As most of you are aware, the PARCC in NJ will consist of two, 20-day windows for testing in the first year. That is a total of 40 days of testing occurring in a school or almost 25% of the entire school year. Furthermore, a speaking and listening testing component will be added in the 2015-2016 school year which will require an additional number of testing days.
Also, we (school districts) have been told by NJDOE officials that an online test is part of the world of digital learning and I agree with this, however, this test will be conducted on the very devices our students use to learn digitally!
That means that the devices we use to learn digitally will not be accessible for 25% of the school year because they will be used to administer a standardized test.
Schools do not have extra devices sitting idle that can be used twice a year for 20 days at a time. Computers are used by students daily to learn. They are the pencils, notebooks and textbooks of the 21st century. Due to the extensive testing schedule that will take place next year, our students will be without those learning tools for 25% of the school year.
Finally, schools have always tried their best to ensure that curriculum drives technology purchasing. That is, we purchase technology in schools to meet the needs of what occurs in the classroom. Districts are now beginning to purchase technology equipment to administer a test and not because of a learning need. Thus the cost of testing will grow exponentially.
I have three questions for NJDOE officials, state legislators, etc.:
1. How can we support the PARCC testing when that very test will stifle digital learning for 25% of the school year?
2. How much additional money should taxpayers be expected to pay for the PARCC test?
3. As our students continue to perform in a connected world, shouldn't we be wary of putting digital testing ahead of digital learning?Yes, this is unscientific -- as unscientific as NJDOE's contention that the PARCC field test was just fine.
The fact is that we just don't know how it went, or whether it will go well in a year. We just don't know. We need to properly assess this field test, then run a no-stakes administration across the state with data and results open to the public so the PARCC can be properly vetted.
Until that happens: NJ teachers, go to testingtalk.org and leave your thoughts about the PARCC field test. You are the ones who were there; you are the ones the public needs to hear from.
Anything other than the observations of real teachers is nothing more than happy talk.


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Send your replies as email notifications to users
Sometimes your customers and visitors might have left your website/app by the time you got around to replying to them. In Freshdesk Messaging you can mail your response to your users. By sending them email notifications, you can engage them even when you are not on your website or app and make them come back, and complete an action.
How to setup email notifications
Go to Admin > Account Settings > Email Configuration
Enable the notify users via email toggle and set the time duration post which the reply will be sent as an email to the user. The email will be sent only if it hasn't been read within this specified time. Give a 'reply to' email ID to collect any response from your user.
You can also add additional from/reply to email addresses, that is, any other email address apart from yours or your team members', which is not added to your Freshdesk Messaging account.
You can even authenticate your communication with a customer with DKIM configuration.


text: Setting goals is essential to developing a career plan. Riana Topan of TalentEgg discusses the use of short-term, medium-term, and long-term goals as tools to aid in this process. Goals should be very well thought-out so that they lead to a job that is a good fit and will last a long time. Predicting the future is tricky, so goals can also be adapted to changing situations. To view this article, click here.


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Tifosi Optics Escalate S.F. Sunglasses Men's
Introducing interchangeable frames, the Tifosi Optics Escalate S. F. Sunglasses are game changing shades for cyclists and runners. Each pair comes with a full frame with two interchangeable lenses and two half frames with fixed lenses. The half frame feels best during high endurance workouts, while the full frame has a more casual look off the bike. A simple clip lets you interchange each frame in seconds, and the padded temples and nose pads adjust for a personalized fit. Tifosi Optics coated the scratch resistant lenses with a hydrophilic coating to repel water, oil, and dirt. Proposition 65 Warning for California Consumers: This product contains chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer andor birth defects or other reproductive harm.
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Najib's Nubiles vs Blair's Babes and Gaddafi's virgin soldiers
Written by Mariam Mokhtar, Malaysia Chronicle
It is nice to know that Prime minister Najib Abdul Razak is joining the international arena of 'women's power', just like UK's Tony Blair, Libya's Gaddafi and Italy's Silvio Berlusconi.
Former British PM, Tony Blair had 101 female Labour Party MPs in his administration after the 1997 general election. They were known as "Blair's Babes" and were full of hope and high expectations.


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Music EDnet training covers virtually all aspects of technology from learning how to use a specific piece of software or hardware through to structured professional learning programs on a wide range of topics relevant to educators.
The Music EDnet team provides a range of training options from one-on-one through to faculty staff in-servicing and large group workshops (hands-on or lecture style), including our PD focussed conference DAYTiME: A Day of Technology in Music Education. In all cases training is tailored to the specific needs and interests related to technology. Training is available in your school (or university or TAFE) or at one of our partner locations around the country. For group training, you may choose to host training at your school ... particularly convenient in regional areas.
A Day of Technology in Music Education
On-line, on-demand PD for teachers 24/7.
If you want to be amongst the first to know when the Music EDnet Teacher Academy launches, register your interest by email.
Contact COSAMP for details


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House Blocks Bill Condemning Rick Perrys Use of Hunting Camp With Racist Name
The House rejected Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr.'s resolution condemning Texas Republican Gov. Rick Perry's longtime use of a hunting camp named "Niggerhead" as a destination for friends and supporters.
Republicans used a procedural maneuver today to set aside the politically motivated proposal in a move that allowed them to avoid voting on its merits. But before that vote was cast, Jackson delivered an impassioned floor speech in which he used the racial slur multiple times and suggested that a rejection of his proposal would imply "the Congress of the United States is painting over a profound problem that exists in this nation."
"Mr. Speaker, nigger is offensive," the Illinois Democrat said on the floor.
"Niggerhead is offensive. And for a governor of one of the great states of our nation to hunt at Niggerhead camp, it's offensive, and I think that I'm expressing the moral outrage of all Americans."
Jackson's resolution came in response to a Washington Post article published Sunday about the name of the hunting property that Perry's father, Ray, began leasing in the early 1980s. Gov. Perry added his own name to the lease from 1997 to 1998, when he served as state agriculture commissioner, and again from 2004 to 2007, while he was governor.
According to the Post article, Perry acknowledged that the racial slur once inscribed on the rock at the entrance to the camp is an "offensive name that has no place in the modern world."
Texas Rep. Henry Cuellar was the only Democrat to cross party lines and vote with Republicans to table the proposal, which was set aside on a 230-173 vote.
Cuellar's press secretary, Jose Borjon, said the Congressman does not believe that Perry is racist, and he credited Perry with appointing Cuellar, who is Hispanic, to be Texas secretary of state in 2001.
Another Texas Democratic lawmaker, Rep. Charlie Gonzalez, acknowledged that the issue "is a big deal." But Gonzalez, who is chairman of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, also defended Perry.
"I'm not a Rick Perry fan by any stretch of the imagination," Gonzalez said. "I have no idea when the words were painted over on the rock, or not. But I would say this: I don't think those words would be the sentiments of Gov. Perry."
Gonzalez added, "Right now, things are so politically charged." When the issue is racial slurs, "naturally, you just get really excited about the use of words like that," he said.
Rep. Allen West, the lone Republican member of the Congressional Black Caucus, dismissed Jackson's resolution.
"This is why Congress has a low approval rating, because the American people are suffering, and we should be coming up with viable solutions and not concerning ourselves" with the issue, the Florida lawmaker said. "It's just not our business, and it's very disappointing."


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Remarks by Angel Gurría
Secretary-General, OECD
Washington, USA, 21 April 2017
(As prepared for delivery)
Dear Minister Ba, Mr. Nash, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen:
I am delighted to participate in today's event focusing on the OECD's ties with Senegal alongside our friends at the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC). Last year, the OECD and MCC announced a new partnership to leverage the synergies between the OECD's Multidimensional Country Reviews (MDCRs) and MCC's Constraints Analysis. And this fruitful partnership has blossomed! Later today, we will sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to further consolidate our strong relationship and support inclusive and sustainable growth in emerging and developing countries.
The OECD is grateful to MCC and to Mr. Jonathan Nash, Acting MCC CEO, for inviting us to today's discussion. This event follows in the footsteps of a similar — and very successful — joint discussion last year featuring Mr. Daniel Duncan, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire, on catalysing private investment. Today's event will focus on Senegal, and we are pleased to welcome the Minister of Economy and Finance, Mr. Amadou Ba.
My message today is clear: Senegal presents many opportunities!
Senegal has been an example of peace and stability in the region. Since 2012, high growth rates have improved the lives of the Senegalese people. Senegal has increased life expectancy from 60 to 65 years (World Bank 2016) and has halved child mortality rates. And when it comes to gender equality, levels of discrimination measured by the OECD's Social Institutions and Gender Index are lower than in neighbouring countries. Senegal has also adopted legislation on gender equality, extending the number of seats occupied by women to 43% in parliament (OECD 2014).
However, the challenges of sustaining growth and improving well-being remain pressing, especially when we consider that 38% of Senegalese live below the international poverty line of $1.90 per day. The number of people living in extreme poverty grew by 750,000 between 2005 and 2011. With focus, financing, and fine-tuned policies, Senegal can overcome these challenges!
Senegal is currently preparing the second phase of its national development plan, the Plan Sénégal Emergent. And we welcome Minister Ba's thoughts on this. The Plan Sénégal Emergent is Senegal's compass for becoming an emergent economy by 2035. The government is preparing ambitious reforms that will run from 2019 to 2023 and has asked the OECD's Development Centre to support this process with an MDCR for Senegal.
Our MDCRs aim to identify binding constraints to development, and formulate country-specific recommendations to alleviate those constraints, based on international best practices. A special focus is placed on sustainability and inclusiveness to reflect national objectives and to integrate and implement the international agenda around the Sustainable Development Goals.
Today, I am delighted to launch the Volume I of our MDCR for Senegal: Initial Assessment. This report is the result of high level involvement from relevant ministries in Senegal, who worked in close co-operation with the OECD, under the leadership of our Development Centre. It provides an overview of Senegal's economy and citizen well-being. Tax administration, education and state effectiveness are identified as key binding constraints holding back Senegal's development.
Looking ahead, the next phase of our MDCR for Senegal will focus on tackling three pressing constraints. These three priorities were selected by looking at areas where Senegal is already progressing, and where Senegal's government is already taking action.
These topics closely complement MCC's work with Senegal. That's why we very much believe that working together, we can — and will — provide Senegal with the tools and policy support it seeks to drive its own bold development agenda and reach emergence by 2035. Let's get to work and let's work together with ─ and for ─ the people of Senegal!
Thank you.
Related Documents


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Brown Bag Films' Octonauts has been nominated by the Producers Guild of America in the Outstanding Children's Program category for the 2017 PGA Awards.
Octonauts (Season 4) has been nominated alongside Girl Meets World (Season 2, Season 3), School of Rock (Season 1), Sesame Street (Season 46) and SpongeBob SquarePants (Season 9)!
The winners of the 28th Annual Producers Guild Awards ceremony will be announced on January 28, 2017 at the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Los Angeles.
You can see the full list of nominations here.


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Born: May 25, 1926
Alton, Illinois
Died: September 28, 1991
Santa Monica, California
African American musician, composer, and trumpeter
A jazz trumpeter, composer, and small-band leader, Miles Davis was the leading jazz musician for more than two decades. His legend continued to grow even after poor health and diminished creativity removed him from jazz royalty.
Miles Dewey Davis III was born to Miles Davis Jr. and Cleota Henry in Alton, Illinois, on May 25, 1926. There were also two other children, an older sister and a younger brother. In 1928 the family moved to East St. Louis, Illinois, where Davis's father became a successful oral surgeon. Davis enjoyed a comfortable childhood and the family lived in a white neighborhood. At the age of thirteen his father gave him a trumpet and soon Davis joined his high school band. While still in high school he met and was coached by his earliest idol, the great St. Louis trumpeter Clark Terry (1920–).
After fathering two children by a woman friend, Davis moved to New York City in 1944. He worked for just two weeks in the talent-packed Billy Eckstine Band, then enrolled in the Juilliard School of Music. By day he studied classical music, and by night he gained experience in jazz's newest movement, bebop, with the leaders of the movement, notably Charlie Parker (1920–1955), Dizzy Gillespie (1917–1993), Fats Navarro, and Max Roach (1924–).
Davis's stint from 1947 to 1948 in a quintet (group of five musicians) led by bebop genius Charlie Parker brought him early fame. A fine bebop trumpeter, Davis soon felt a need to rid his music of bebop's style and to restore jazz's more melodic elements. The result was the influential recording Birth of the Cool (1949), which gave "birth" to the so-called "cool," or West Coast, jazz school. This recording established Davis' musical identity, separate from Parker and the other beboppers.
In the early 1950s Davis became a heroin (dangerous drug made from morphine) addict. His career came to a near halt for three years, but his ultimately successful fight against the drug habit in 1954 led to his greatest period: the mid-to-late 1950s. During that six-year span he made a series of small group recordings regarded as jazz classics. In 1954, with tenor saxophone titan Sonny Rollins (1930–), he made memorable recordings of three Rollins originals—"Airegin," "Doxy," and "Oleo"—as well as two brilliant versions of the Tin Pan Alley (a respected group of musicians and songwriters) standard "But Not for Me."
In 1955 Davis formed his most celebrated group, a remarkably talented quintet that featured tenor saxophonist John Coltrane (1926–1967), pianist Red Garland, bassist Paul Chambers, and drummer Philly Joe Jones. Until Coltrane left in the 1960s, Davis's band was the single most visible and dominant group in all of jazz. In 1964 he put together a new band, and Davis continued to be the greatest attraction (and biggest money-maker) in all of jazz. His new band, however, could not match the impossibly high standards of the original band.
For the last two decades of Davis's career he became more of a jazz curiosity than a musician to be taken seriously. A good part of his fame owed less to his considerable musicianship than to his strange personality. Davis gained a poor reputation in performance for turning his back on audiences, for expressing racial hostility toward whites, for dressing poorly early in his career and wildly later—all of which contributed to his mysterious image.
Davis was a complex man with strengths and weaknesses that would ultimately destroy him. Himself the victim of a policeman's clubbing (reportedly, racially inspired), he had the fairness and courage in the late 1950s to challenge black jazzmen's expectations by filling a piano vacancy with a white player, Bill Evans (1929–1980); but then, by all accounts, Davis often racially taunted him. A physical fitness enthusiast (with his own private gym), he nevertheless took vast amounts of drugs (sometimes, but not always, for pain). Oftentimes unfriendly, he was also capable of acts of generosity toward struggling musicians, both black and white.
Davis was married three times—to dancer Frances Taylor, singer Betty Mabry, and actress Cicely Tyson. All three marriages ended in divorce. He had, in all, three sons, a daughter, and seven grandchildren. He died on September 28, 1991, in Santa Monica, California, of pneumonia, respiratory failure, and a stroke.
Davis remains one of the most influential musicians in the history of jazz. His music lives on in recordings like Miles Ahead (1957), Porgy and Bess (1958), and Sketches of Spain (1960), and the hauntingly "blue" sound of his trumpet.
Carr, Ian. Miles Davis: The Definitive Biography. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1998.
Crouch, Stanley. "Play the Right Thing." New Republic (February 12, 1990).
Davis, Miles. Miles: The Autobiography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.
Williams, Richard. Miles Davis: The Man in the Green Shirt. New York: H. Holt, 1993.


text: It was insufficient for the New Jersey divorce judge to merely state alimony is taxable to the recipient and deductible by the payor. Rather, the court must also make specific findings regarding the tax consequences of the award on both the supporting and supported parties. Happold v. Happold, New Jersey App. Div., November 1, 2014