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4 Bedroom 3.5 Bathroom Townhome at Fiesta Key Resort
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Magical Memories' 4 bedroom townhomes in the gated resort of Fiesta Key are spacious and well-appointed with casual furnishings. Each property features a private patio for relaxing on vacation. These accommodations will place you within close proximity of Walt Disney World, Universal Studios, and SeaWorld of Orlando.
Having a master bedroom on the main level is helpful for guests who have difficulty climbing stairs. The queen sized bed, TV, and an attached private bathroom are wonderful amenities. Three other bedrooms are located on the second floor, another bedroom with a queen sized bed, one with a full sized bed, and the fourth bedroom with two twin beds. A sleeper sofa in the living room allows for additional sleeping space.
A fully-equipped kitchen overlooks the main living area downstairs. All cookware and place settings are provided! The spacious living room includes a TV and DVD player for viewing entertainment. The clothes washer and clothes dryer are a welcomed amenity.
Property AssetsVacation Townhome
Community Swimming Pool
4 Bedrooms
3.5 Bathrooms
1 Master Bedroom
DiningDining Table
Bedroom 42 Twin Sized Beds
Alarm Clock
Half Bathroom 1Mirror
Wash Cloths
BeddingMaster Bedroom - Queen Sized Bed
Bedroom 2 - Queen Sized Bed
Bedroom 3 - Full Sized Bed
Bedroom 4 - 2 Twin Beds
Master BedroomQueen Sized Bed
Alarm Clock
Master BathroomTub & Shower combo
Wash Cloths
Laundry RoomClothes Washer
Clothes Dryer
Living RoomSleeper Sofa
DVD Player
Bedroom 2Queen Sized Bed
Alarm Clock
Bathroom 2Tub & Shower combo
Wash Cloths
KitchenElectric Stove
Full Size Refrigerator
Drinking Glasses
Pots & Pans
Coffee Pot
Cooking Utensils
Fire Extinguisher
Bedroom 3Full Sized Bed
Alarm Clock
Bathroom 3Tub & Shower combo
Wash Cloths
Rows of pastel townhomes with barrel tile roofs line the streets, reminiscent of beachside towns on a Caribbean Island. Off-street parking for two cars is directly in front of each unit. Full kitchens make mealtime easy. Screened patios allow for privacy when relaxing under the warm Florida sun. A large gathering room at the clubhouse is great for socializing. There are game tables and comfortable furnishings to settle in and watch TV. Cardio and strength training equipment is in the exercise room with a TV. The clubhouse kitchen has granite countertops with barstools where guests may have their snacks. Neighboring the clubhouse is a sprawling, sparkling clean pool with lounge chairs for sunbathing. A friendly game of tennis might be fun at the lighted court. Families can stroll over to the playground at the opposite end of the community where little pirates and princesses can let their imaginations run free. Fiesta Key is near to all the highlights the exciting Orlando area.
ClubhouseFitness Center
Gathering Area
Adult StuffCommunity Swimming Pool
Tennis Courts
Fitness Center
Pool AreaCommunity Swimming Pool
Sun Deck
Outdoor ActivitiesCommunity Swimming Pool
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Kids StuffPlayground
Community Swimming Pool
AttractionsDisney World
Old Town
Sea World
The Holy Land Experience
Universal Studios Orlando
Wet n' Wild
Wal-Mart Super Center
Formal DiningColumbia
Fulton's Crab House
Kobe Japanese Steakhouse
Seasons 52
Wolfgang Puck
Retail ShoppingLake Buena Vista Factory Stores
Orlando Premium Outlets
The Florida Mall
The Loop
The Mall at Millenia
Casual DiningApplebee's
BB King's Blues Club
Bubba Gump Shrimp Company
Buca Di Beppo
Hard Rock Cafe
Rainforest Cafe
T-Rex Cafe
UNO Chicago Grill
Target Pharmacy
Wal-Mart Pharmacy
Fast FoodBurger King
Taco Bell
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All properties are self-catering, cleaned before your arrival and cleaned once you depart. You may choose to have a Mid Stay Clean for an additional fee during your stay to freshen the property back up.
Check-in begins at 4:00pm on the day of arrival. You may choose for an Early Check-in, which begins at 12:00pm on the day of arrival, for an additional fee. An early Check-in may not always be available, and may become unavailable after purchase.
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Personal Chef Services are available at all of our vacation rentals. Meals are customized to your nutritional needs and can be ready any time of day. The cost is usually less than what you would spend for your family to eat at a nice restaurant. Return from a day of adventure to a hot meal prepared just the way you like it, or wake up and start the day with a great breakfast.
Relax, refresh and rejuvenate with a massage in your home away from home. A-Team In-Home Message Services are 100% Satisfaction Guarantee and 27% less expensive than visiting a local spa. Enjoy this ultimate vacation experience without the stress and hassle of leaving home.
The Medical Concierge has Board-Certified, Florida-Licensed physicians available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. Whether you are on vacation or business you can rest assured that their physicians will provide thorough, compassionate, and personalized care in the comfort of your home away from home. Specialty Care is easy to arrange, doctors carry a mobile pharmacy and basic lab tests, providing you with one-stop, convenient health care.
The Vacation Home Store can help you find the second home you have always dreamed about in Orlando, FL. Select their information request box during the reservations process to receive more information on purchasing real estate near Disney.
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|Kelli Nelson, Midlothian, VA 01/29/2014


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NEW YORK (AP) — A man authorities say confessed to the infamous 1979 disappearance of a 6-year-old boy from his New York City neighborhood has been formally charged with murder and kidnapping, a major milestone in a case that has stymied investigators and Etan Patz's devoted family for decades.
The indictment against Pedro Hernandez, 51, of Maple Shade, N.J., was made public Wednesday and sets up a potential showdown at trial over whether prosecutors can convince a jury that his claim that he strangled the boy — a secret kept for more than 30 years — is credible.
The suspect's attorney has argued that Hernandez, who is due Thursday in state court in Manhattan on second-degree murder and first-degree kidnapping charges, is mentally ill and prone to hallucinations, and that his confession can't be trusted.
"Nothing that occurs in the course of this trial will answer what actually happened to Etan Patz," defense attorney Harvey Feinstein said in a statement. "The indictment is based solely on statements allegedly made by my client, who has, in the past, been repeatedly diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia."
Prosecutors countered that an exhaustive post-arrest investigation found enough evidence to seek an indictment and proceed to trial.

subset: commoncrawl


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Friday, March 10, 2006
Secret of the Bees
An article by Fontaine, et al., published earlier this year in PLOS Biology provided the first experimental evidence that the persistence of a plant community can be affected by a loss of diversity of its pollinating fauna.Pollinator/Plant Diversity The full text is found below.
Functional Diversity of Plant–Pollinator Interaction Webs Enhances the Persistence of Plant Communities
1 UMR 7618: Biogéochimie et Ecologie des Milieux Continentaux (BIOEMCO), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France, 2 UMR 7625: Fonctionnement et Évolution des Systèmes Écologiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France, 3 Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Pollination is exclusively or mainly animal mediated for 70% to 90% of angiosperm species. Thus, pollinators provide an essential ecosystem service to humankind. However, the impact of human-induced biodiversity loss on the functioning of plant–pollinator interactions has not been tested experimentally. To understand how plant communities respond to diversity changes in their pollinating fauna, we manipulated the functional diversity of both plants and pollinators under natural conditions. Increasing the functional diversity of both plants and pollinators led to the recruitment of more diverse plant communities. After two years the plant communities pollinated by the most functionally diverse pollinator assemblage contained about 50% more plant species than did plant communities pollinated by less-diverse pollinator assemblages. Moreover, the positive effect of functional diversity was explained by a complementarity between functional groups of pollinators and plants. Thus, the functional diversity of pollination networks may be critical to ecosystem sustainability.
Academic Editor: Nick Waser, University of California at Riverside, United States of America
Received: May 23, 2005; Accepted: October 11, 2005; Published: December 13, 2005
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040001
Copyright: © 2006 Fontaine et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abbreviations: A, syrphid group; ANOVA, analysis of variance; B, bumble bee group; C, combined (syrphid and bumble bee) group; df, degrees of freedom; group 1, open flower; group 2, tubular flower; group 3, combined (open and tubular) flower; SE, standard error
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: email@example.com
Citation: Fontaine C, Dajoz I, Meriguet J, Loreau M (2006) Functional Diversity of Plant–Pollinator Interaction Webs Enhances the Persistence of Plant Communities. PLoS Biol 4(1): e1
Understanding the consequences of biodiversity loss for ecosystem functioning and services is currently a major aim of ecology [1,2]. Animal-mediated pollination is one of the essential ecosystem services provided to humankind [3,4]. The negative impact of pollinator decline on the reproductive success of flowering plants has been documented at the species level [5–7], but little information is available at the community level [8]. Increasing the scale of study to the community level is essential to account for potential competitive or facilitative effects among species that belong to the plant–pollinator network. Such effects, which are often linked to diversity [9,10], are known to have large influences on ecological processes such as community productivity and stability [11,12].
Experimental evidence for diversity effects on the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems is mainly available for plants. As primary producers, plants play a central role in the flow of energy within ecosystems [13,14]. Animal-pollinated angiosperms represent up to 70% of plant species in numerous communities and ecosystems [15]. Mutualistic interactions between animals and plants form several intricate interaction webs [16]. Recent analysis of plant–pollinator and plant–frugivore interaction webs demonstrates that these contain a continuum from fully specialist to fully generalist species [17,18]. However, these networks are structured in a nested way [19,20], with specialists mainly interacting with generalists. Such a pattern might have important consequences for ecosystem functioning, because it might confer resilience to perturbations such as the extinction of species [21] if, for example, generalist pollinators buffer the loss of specialist pollinators [18,22–24]. Furthermore, this hypothesis does not take into account the dynamical properties of these networks. In a plant–pollinator community, variations in species diversity at different trophic levels may lead to an adaptation of interaction strengths [25], which may in turn affect the total effectiveness of pollination. We conclude that more information is urgently needed concerning the impacts of biodiversity loss on multispecies and multitrophic interactions.
To experimentally test the effect of functional diversity on the functioning and persistence of plant–pollinator communities, we defined functional groups of plants and pollinators based on morphological traits. For plants, two functional groups with three species each were defined according to accessibility of floral rewards (pollen and nectar; see Figure 1). The first group (group 1) included Matricaria officinalis, Erodium cicutarium, and Raphanus raphanistrum, which have easily accessible floral rewards and will be called "open flowers." The second group (group 2), called "tubular flowers," included Mimulus guttatus, Medicago sativa, and Lotus corniculatus, all of which present floral rewards hidden at the bottom of a tubular corolla. For pollinators, two functional groups were defined according to mouthparts length (Figure 1). The first group (group A) included three species of syrphid flies (Diptera) with short mouthparts: Saephoria sp., Episyrphus balteatus, and Eristalis tenax. The second group (group B) included three species of bumble bees with longer mouthparts: Bombus terrestris, B, pascuorum, and B, lapidarius. Note that in this case a functional trait (long mouthparts) and a phylogenetic group are confounded. Preliminary observations showed that these six insect species contribute up to 70% of all pollinating visits to flowers in our study area in France. Constructing a plant–pollinator network with these four functional groups leads to a nested structure with specialists interacting with generalists (Figure 1, third column). In principle, syrphid flies cannot efficiently pollinate tubular flowers because their mouthparts are too short.
Figure 1. Experimental Pollination Web
Summary of the characteristics upon which functional groups of pollinators (left) and plants (right) were based. In the middle, the arrows linking insect heads to flower types show the theoretical pollination network when all functional groups are present.
At the beginning of spring 2003, we set up 36 4-m2 caged experimental plant communities. There were three plant treatments following a "substitutive" design [26]. Two of them contained one of the two plant functional groups alone (group 1 or 2), whereas the third contained both plant functional groups in combination (group 3). We applied three different pollination treatments to each plant treatment, by introducing each pollinator functional group alone (group A or B), or both groups together (group C). This full factorial design led to nine experimental treatments, which were replicated four times each, making a total of 36 experimental units. The pollination treatments were applied in two consecutive years (June–July 2003 and 2004). We controlled for the total number of pollinator visits received by each plot during the two pollination seasons (1,000 visits in 2003 and 1,200 visits in 2004) to allow an unbiased comparison of pollination efficiency among the various experimental treatments.
In August and September 2003, we counted the number of fruits on each plant in every plot. We also counted the number of seeds per fruit on five collected fruits per plant. Lastly, in April 2004 and 2005, we measured both the number of plant species present at the seedling stage (recruitment richness) and the total number of seedlings (recruitment density) to determine the effects of the experimental treatments on the natural recruitment of the next plant generation.
Effects on Plant Reproductive Success
The reproductive success of the two plant functional groups after the first season is analysed in Table 1. There was a significant effect of pollination treatment on the number of fruits per plant (Table 1, left; standardized means ± standard error [SE]: syrphid −0.278 ± 0.061, bumble bee 0.221 ± 0.065, and both 0.063 ± 0.068). Orthogonal contrasts on pollination treatment indicate that the identity of the pollinator guild (syrphid [A] versus bumble bee [B]) had a significant effect. There was a higher fruit production in bumble bee–pollinated communities than in those pollinated by syrphids. Moreover, the breakdown of the interaction of pollination and plant treatments into the orthogonal contrasts A1 versus B1 and A2 versus B2 indicates that the two plant functional groups responded differently to the identity of the pollinator functional group. Tubular 3 flowers (group 2) produced significantly fewer fruits in the syrphid treatment, whereas open flowers (group 1) produced the same amount of fruits whatever the identity of the pollinator functional group (Figure 2A). This supports our hypothesis that bumble bees were able to pollinate both plant functional groups whereas syrphids could only efficiently pollinate open flowers. Although the functional diversity of plant or pollinator treatment alone had no significant effect, fruit production tended to increase with both plant and pollinator functional diversity (contrast [A1 + A2 + B1 + B2] versus C3; Figure 2B).
Figure 2. Effects of Pollinator Identity and Diversity on Plant Reproductive Success
The left panels show the effects of pollinator guild identity (S indicates syrphid flies, B indicates bumble bees) on the reproductive success of the two plant guilds (open circle indicates open-flowers [group 1], closed circle indicates tubular-flowers [group 2]). Reproductive success was measured by (A) the standardized number of fruits per plant and (B) the standardized number of seeds per fruit. The right panels show the effects of the functional diversity of pollination treatments (triangle), plant treatment (inverted triangle) and both (diamond) on the standardized numbers of fruits per plant (C) and seeds per fruit (D). Lines connecting symbols indicate significant effects (solid indicates p < 0.001, dashed indicates p < 0.08). Error bars represent one standard error. See Table 1 for statistical analysis.
Table 1. Analysis of Plant Reproductive Success
With respect to seed set per fruit, the interaction between plant and pollination treatment was marginally significant (Table 1, right). As with fruit production, the contrasts A1 versus B1 and A2 versus B2 indicate that the two plant functional groups responded differently to pollinator functional group identity. The pattern, however, was different: Open flowers produced significantly fewer seeds per fruit in the bumble bee treatment than in the syrphid treatment (Figure 2C). This means that bumblebees were less-efficient pollinators than syrphids for open flowers. This could be due to the higher rate of geitonogamous visits (i.e., consecutive visits to different flowers of the same plant, resulting in self-fertilization) by bumblebees. Indeed, preliminary observations using a similar experimental design showed that bumble bees perform a higher percentage of geitonogamous visits than do syrphids (I. Dajoz, unpublished data). Finally, the mean number of seeds per fruit in the plant communities tended to increase with functional diversity of pollination treatments (contrast [A + B] versus C; Figure 2D).
Effects on Natural Recruitment
We analysed the long-term effects of our pollination treatments on the natural recruitment of our experimental plant treatments after the first and second pollination seasons. The results are presented in Table 2. There was a significant effect of year on recruitment richness with a higher richness after the second pollination season (mean ± SE: 1.916 ± 0.075 in 2004, and 2.291 ± 0.0856 in 2005). Among the possible causes was a severe drought in 2003 [27], which likely affected both plant and insect populations. Such a drought did not occur in 2004. This difference in climate between years may account for a large part of the year effect.
Table 2. Analysis of Plant Recruitment Richness and Density
Recruitment richness was significantly different among plant treatments, with fewer species recruiting in tubular communities (Figure 3). This is very likely due to two perennial species (whereas all species are annuals in the other group) which may have different reproductive traits and create differences in competitive intensity among the plant treatments. There was a significant effect of pollination treatment, with a higher recruitment richness when both groups of pollinators were present (means ± SE: syrphid 1.854 ± 0.973, bumble bee 2.052 ± 0.826, and both 2.406 ± 1.062). However, as suggested by the significant interaction between plant and pollination treatments, the pattern was more complex (Figure 3A). In fact, pollination treatments had no effect on recruitment richness in open-flower plant treatment (Figure 3A, left). In the tubular-flower plant treatment, recruitment in the syrphid fly treatment tended to be lower than in the other pollination treatments (Figure 3A, centre). But the positive effect of pollinator functional diversity was obvious in the plant treatment that contained both plant functional groups (Figure 3A, right). In the mixed plant treatment, recruitment richness under the most functionally diverse pollination treatment was substantially above that in the two other treatments.
Figure 3. Effects of Pollination Treatments on Plant Recruitment
Effects of pollination by syrphid flies (S), bumble bees (B), or both (S + B) on (A) recruitment richness (mean number of plant species present as seedlings in a quadrat) and (B) recruitment density (mean number of plant individuals present as seedlings in a quadrat) in the various plant treatments. Error bars represent one standard error. Lower-case letters indicate statistically significant differences among pollination treatments within a plant treatment (Bonferroni-adjusted t-test, p < 0.05).
Considering recruitment density, there was also a significant effect of year, with a higher density after the second pollination season (mean ± SE: 26.784 ± 2.324 in 2004 and 31.319 ± 1.937 in 2005), and a significant effect of plant treatment, with fewer individuals recruiting in tubular communities (Figure 3B, centre). These year and plant-treatment effects can be explained in the same way as for recruitment richness (see above). There was also a significant effect of pollination treatment, with a lower recruitment density when plant communities were pollinated by syrphid flies alone (means ± SE: syrphids: 24.104 ± 20.464, bumble bees: 34.364 ± 32.781, and both 28.688 ± 21.459). This is congruent with our results on the number of fruits produced per plant (see Table 1, contrast A versus B). As for recruitment richness, there was a significant interaction between plant and pollination treatments (Figure 3B). In the open-flower plant treatment, recruitment density was not significantly different among pollination treatments (Figure 3B, left). But in the tubular-flower plant treatment, recruitment density was significantly higher in the bumble bee treatment than in the other pollination treatments (Figure 3B, centre). Finally, in the mixed plant treatment, the same pattern as for recruitment richness was observed: There was a higher density in the mixed pollination treatment than in single-guild pollination treatments (Figure 3B, right).
Note that these results on natural recruitment are not an artefact caused by sampling small quadrats in heterogeneous experimental plots since the same patterns were observed when data from all quadrats in a plot were pooled.
Pollination Visitation Web in the Mixed Plant Treatment
To explain the strong effect of pollinator functional diversity on the persistence of mixed plant communities, we carried out a log-linear analysis on the visitation rate of each insect species in a given pollination treatment, for the six plant species of the mixed plant treatment. Data from the year 2003 are illustrated in Figure 4, and the results of the analysis on both years are presented in Table 3. In the second year, there was a significant effect of plant functional group identity: Tubular flowers received a higher number of visits than did open flowers (mean visitation frequency ± SE: for open flowers 0.236 ± 0.097 and for tubular flowers 0.763 ± 0.097). This is very likely due to the two well-established perennial species, which produced a more attractive floral display during the second year of the experiment. For the two years of the experiment, there was a significant interaction between plant functional group and pollinator functional group. This indicates that the two pollinator functional groups were specialised on different plant functional groups (mean visitation frequency ± SE on open flowers and tubular flowers, respectively: in 2003, for bumble bees 0.128 ± 0.058 and 0.433 ± 0.075; for syrphids 0.327 ± 0.043 and 0.113 ± 0.052; in 2004, for bumble bees 0.01 ± 0.005 and 0.58 ± 0.075; for syrphids 0.23 ± 0.055 and 0.18 ± 0.087). Syrphids mainly visited open flowers whereas bumble bees preferentially visited tubular flowers (Figure 4). Even though bumble bees can pollinate open flowers quite efficiently when this is the only plant functional group present (as shown by the reproductive success, recruitment diversity, and recruitment density of the open-flower plant treatment in the bumble bee treatment, Figures 2 and 3), they focus on the tubular-flower group in the mixed plant treatment. In the mixed pollination treatment, the match between plant and pollinator functional groups leads to a more homogenous distribution of pollinator visits among plant groups than in the other pollination treatments. Ultimately, this significantly increases the reproductive success of plants, most likely through the homogenisation of pollinator visits and the minimization of inefficient pollinator visits.
Figure 4. Visitation Web in the Communities with Both Plant Types
Distribution of pollinator visits for the year 2003, among the six plant species in the plant treatment containing the two plant functional groups, (A) for the mixed pollination treatment (S + B) and (B) for the single functional group pollination treatments (S or B). The length of the side of the black squares shows the proportion of visits by a given pollinator species on each plant species. Lower-case letters represent plant species: a, Ma. officinalis; b, E. cicutarium; c, R. raphanistrum; d, Mi.guttatus; e, Me. sativa; f, L. corniculatus. Numbers represent pollinator species: 1, Saephoria sp.; 2, Ep. balteatus; 3, Er. tenax; 4, B. terrestris; 5, B. pascuorum; 6, B. lapidarius.
Table 3. Analysis of Visitation Rates
Previous studies on the diversity of plant–pollinator interaction webs were either descriptive [16], carried out on a single plant species [6,7,28–30], or based on simulation [21] and theoretical approaches [22,31]. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence that the persistence of a plant community can be affected by a loss of diversity of its pollinating fauna. Of course, our experimental communities differed from natural ones in several respects. Among other things, the interaction networks we studied were much simpler than those occurring in nature; in particular, they contained fewer species in each trophic level. But such simplifications from natural situations are often necessary to carry out controlled experiments.
In plant communities that contained only open flowers, plants produced fewer seeds per fruit in the bumblebee treatment than in the syrphid treatment (Figure 2C), but this was compensated by a sufficiently high fruit production, leading to a richness and density of natural recruitment that was similar to the other pollination treatments (Figure 3A and 3B left). Thus, in these communities, all pollination treatments were equally effective in the long term.
In plant communities that contained only tubular flowers, syrphids were inefficient pollinators; fruit production was very low (Figure 2A) and insufficient to allow a good natural recruitment. Bumble bees were the most effective pollinators (Figure 3A and 3C, centre). Note that in the bumble bee treatment, the very high value of average recruitment density was due to three measurements in two replicates, in which only M. guttatus seedlings were recorded at a very high density (more than 150 seedlings per quadrat). To test the effect of these outliers, we removed them and repeated our analysis. The same significant effects were observed, except for the effect of pollination treatment, which became marginally significant (p = 0.0645). The new mean number of seedlings per quadrat for this experimental treatment was 32.17 ± 4.55 (SE), which is still slightly above the value for the pollination treatment with both pollinator groups. For plant communities that contained only tubular flowers, recruitment richness in the two pollination treatments that contained bumblebees was similar.
These results are in agreement with our theoretical pollination network presented in Figure 1. In our experimental system, syrphids can be considered as specialist pollinators since they efficiently pollinate only open flowers. Bumble bees were potentially generalists as they induced an important fruit production of the two plant types and a good recruitment in the open- and tubular-flower plant treatments. Our results on the reproductive success and recruitment of single-guild plant treatments indicate that there are strong functional group identity effects since our plant functional groups responded differently to our pollinator functional groups.
However, the functional diversity of both the plant and pollination treatments was also important. Plant reproductive success tended to increase with pollinator functional diversity when the number of seeds per fruit was considered, and with both plant and pollinator functional diversity when the number of fruits per plant was considered (Figures 2B and 2D). Although recruitment in single-guild plant treatments was mainly affected by the identity of functional groups, the effect of functional diversity was dramatic in the mixed plant treatment. Natural recruitment of plant communities visited by mixed pollinator guilds was largely above that in other pollination treatments.
Pollination by syrphids alone allowed the reproduction of open flowers but not tubular flowers, as expected from the specialisation of syrphids. More surprisingly, however, bumble bees failed to be efficient generalist pollinators. Most of their visits occurred on tubular flowers (Figure 4), resulting in a relatively poor recruitment of open flowers. The only pollination treatment that achieved a high recruitment of both open and tubular flowers when they were mixed, was the one containing the two insect functional groups (Figure 3, right). When syrphids and bumble bees simultaneously pollinated mixed plant communities, they each focused on their target plant functional group, leading to more efficient visits and a better distribution of visits among plant functional groups (Figure 4). Ultimately, it was the pollination treatment with both pollinator functional groups that produced the highest richness and density of natural recruitment. Consequently, since most natural plant communities contain both open and tubular flowers, pollinator functional diversity should strongly enhance the persistence of these communities.
Although our experimental system differed from natural communities, and information about the reciprocal effects of the functional diversity of plant communities on the diversity of pollinator communities would be useful, our study indicates that the functional diversity of plant–pollinator interaction webs may be critical for the persistence and functioning of ecosystems and should be carefully monitored and protected. The loss of pollinator functional diversity is likely to trigger plant population decline or extinctions [4], which in turn are likely to affect the structure and composition of natural plant communities and the productivity of many agroecosytems that rely on insect pollination [8]. Ultimately, higher trophic levels may be affected since the diversity and biomass of consumers depend on primary production. Our results strongly suggest that the functional diversity of complex interaction webs plays a crucial role in the sustainability of ecosystems.
Materials and Methods
Experimental plant communities
At the beginning of spring 2003, plant communities were set up in a meadow that remained almost undisturbed for 10 years at the Station Biologique de Foljuif, France, 80 km southwest of Paris. Prior to the establishment of the communities, soil was sterilized by injecting 120 °C steam (30 min) to destroy the seed bank and soil pathogens. In each of the 36 4-m2 plots, a total of 30 adult plants were planted on a grid, spaced 25 cm from each other, to minimize competition and homogenise spatial distribution. Thus, plant density was the same in all experimental plots. We selected a moderate density to maintain within- and among-species competition to a low level, and to allow enough space for future recruitment in the plots. Each of these plant communities was enclosed in a 2-m–high nylon mesh cage in order to eliminate natural pollinator visitation.
Pollination rounds
During the flowering seasons (June–July 2003 and 2004), pollinators were captured around the study area and introduced into the cages. The relative abundance of pollinator species in the various pollination treatments reflects their natural abundances. From preliminary observations, we had noticed that, in order to have no more than three insects active at the same moment in a 4-m2 plot, it was necessary to put about eight syrphid flies, or six bumble bees, or a mixture of six syrphids and four bumble bees in each pollination cage. Each pollination round in a given plot included 200 visits in the year 2003 and 300 in the year 2004. In total, each plot received either four (in 2004) or five (in 2003) pollination rounds, leading to a total of 1,000 visits per plot in 2003 and 1,200 in 2004.
Pollination activity
Bumble bees needed approximately 30 min after introduction in the cages to calm down and start to pollinate. In the pollination treatment with both pollinator guilds, we then introduced syrphids, which started to pollinate immediately. Mean visitation time was not significantly different between insects in the cages and in nature. This was true both for bumble bees (mean visitation time in cages: 3.25 ± 0.92 s, mean visitation time in nature: 2.91 ± 1.33 s, t = 1.51, df = 96, p = 0.133) and for syrphids (mean visitation time in cages: 40.21 ± 8.89 s, mean visitation time in nature: 35.38 ± 14.75 s, t = 0.77, df = 12, p = 0.45).
Measurement of reproductive success
One month after the first pollination treatments, we counted the total number of fruits on each plant, except for M. guttatus and M. officinalis in which fruits cannot be counted without collecting them. We randomly took five fruits per plant of each species to estimate the number of seeds per fruit.
Measurement of recruitment richness and density
Recruitment richness and density were estimated during the second (April 2004) and third (April 2005) year of the experiment by counting the number of seedlings of each species in four 1,600-cm2 quadrats in each plot.
Statistical analysis
Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 8.2 software.
For the analysis of plant reproductive success, we log-transformed the data to ensure normality. We standardized the data by species using the formula: x − μ/σ (where μ = the mean and σ = the standard deviation of number of fruits or number of seeds per fruit for a given plant species) in order to make the data comparable among the various species and functional groups. We used a mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) model (SAS proc mixed), in which the fixed effects were plant treatment, pollination treatment, and their interaction term. To investigate the effects of the various plant and pollination treatments, we subdivided a priori each main effect into two components using orthogonal contrasts. The first contrast tested the effect of the identity of the plant or pollinator functional group, i.e. one group versus the other. The second tested the effect of the functional diversity of the plant or pollination treatment, i.e. single-guild versus mixed-guild plant or pollination treatments. Similarly, we subdivided the interaction into three orthogonal contrasts testing the effects of pollinator functional group identity on each plant guild, and the effect of the functional diversity of both plant and pollination treatments. See Table 1 for the construction of the contrasts.
For the analysis of plant recruitment, we used a repeated measure ANOVA model (SAS proc mixed). The fixed effects were pollination treatment, plant treatment, year, and all the interaction terms. The repeated effect was year, and the subject effect was replicate. For recruitment density, data were log transformed.
For each year of the experiment, the visitation rate of pollinators on each plant species in the communities with both plant functional groups was analysed using a mixed log-linear model (glimix macro, SAS). We subdivided the pollination treatment into two effects: pollinator functional diversity (one or two pollinator functional groups) and identity of the pollinator functional group (bumble bees or syrphids). The model included pollinator species nested within identity of pollinator functional groups, plant species nested within identity of plant functional group, identity of pollinator functional groups, identity of plant functional groups, pollinator functional diversity, and all interaction terms. The replicate was a random effect.
We thank Carine Collin, Romain Gallet, Jean-Francois le Galliard, Jacques Gignoux, Andy Gonzalez, Gérard Lacroix, Gaelle Lahoreau, Louis Lambrecht, Manuel Massot, Naoise Nunan, Virginie Tavernier, and Elisa Thebault for useful discussions; and Marco Banchi, Yves Bas, Mathilde Baude, Alix Boulouis, Marion Decoust, Patricia Genet, Alexandra Kabadajic, Mohsen Kayal, Fanny Marlin, and Emilie Patural for great help in the field and in the lab. We also thank Andy Gonzalez, Andy Hector, Marcel van der Heijden, Claire Kremen, Jane Memmott, Nick Waser, and three anonymous reviewers for constructive and useful comments on the manuscript. We acknowledge the financial support of the Quantitative Ecology Coordinated Incentive Action (ACI Ecologie Quantitative) of the Ministry of Research (France).
Competing interests. The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author contributions. CF and ID designed the experiment. CF, ID, and JM performed the experiment. CF analysed the data. CF, ID, and ML conceived the work and wrote the paper.


text:
Basically you say a statement and the next person either says true or false. The statement has to be directed at the person.
I'll start!
Next person is over 5 feet tall.
Next person is posting from a laptop.
Next person is actually a cat locked in a closet coding a site
Next person is very hungry, and is thinking of which brain to eat
Next person has big juicy brain.... mmm...
Tr --- er, false. Very uh. Small and unappetizing.
Next person is using a cordless mouse.
next person has long hair and dresses almost all the time as a hippy :afro:
next person is a robot
No... but sometimes I really doubt...
Next person has supernatural powers
Next person needs to shave
Next person needs to get off his chair and do some situps
True :lol:
Next person is a female
Next person has nothing else to do this afternoon/evening/morning than to answer posts like this
Next Person was abducted by aliens and rectally probed .
Ouch. No, false. Not that I remember.
The next person is a liar.
Next person wants to give me a million dollars
False, but I guess you'd never know, eh??
The person below me would rather be on top
The person below me would rather be on top
False, you wish
The next person possesses millions of dollars
False, i wish!
N/A ^ forgot to post a question
Next person needs a good sleep


text:
Moderators: PWG_Silverback, PWGTickets
jboyaquar wrote:Though I meant to post this idea a week ago - before any announcement that would make this notion null and void - something I feel missing from recent PWG is a connection to bretheren in Japan. With the glut of power-oriented wrestlers in BOLA (Elgin, Cage, Ciampa,) I feel now would be ideal time to bring in one of the BJW boys. Whether it's Sasaki/Okabayahi/Sekimoto...any of these would provide dream match-ups in BOLA. And what do we have besides our dreams?!
eastbay510 wrote:Promos please?
PhenomenalTLD wrote:Hey guys, I did an article for pwponderings.com previewing this year's tournament...let me know what you think!
toby80 wrote:PhenomenalTLD wrote:Hey guys, I did an article for pwponderings.com previewing this year's tournament...let me know what you think!
Hey man... I enjoyed the article!
O'Reilly is on a hot streak atm, and winning BoLA would be huge. As you say, potential matches with the likes of Strong, Younger and Elgin whet the appetite, and a programme with Cole makes perfect sense. I make Elgin slight favourite, but I'd be delighted for Kyle.
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text:
"The Port of Oswego is gearing up for a boost in ship traffic and imports in valuable commodities, but the federal government holds the keys to unlocking the full potential of this trade hub in central New York," said Schumer. "The fact that the Port of Oswego's rail line, a critical link between the port and local supply chains, has been left to decay is unacceptable and the FRA should immediately provide funding to revamp this crucial one mile of rail."
The RRIF program was established by the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) in 1998 and amended by the Safe Accountable, Flexible and Efficient Transportation Equity Act: a Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU) in 2005. The RRIF program authorizes the FRA administrator to provide direct loans and loan guarantees up to $35 billion to improve railroad infrastructure.
The rail along the docks at the port has been in place since 1963 and has not undergone any major rehabilitation since that time. Schumer says the rail has deteriorated to the point where CSX has, at times, shut down activity and rail at the north end is out of alignment, which causes derailments on a consistent basis. He says the port has eight switches on site, none of which work properly. Schumer also says continued deterioration of the rail could force closure of rail service and reduce the port's appeal to potential users and new business interested in locating in central New York.


text:
|Comedy . Drama . Action
When Chuck go undercover in Milan, Chuck realizes the "Achilles' Heel" in their relationship, but must set personal issues aside for the mission. Meanwhile, Morgan recognizes a fatal flaw that compromises the new Buy More. Elsewhere, Casey struggles to put down roots in Burbank.
|Episode Title:
|Chuck Versus the Suitcase
|2010-09-27 at 08:00 pm
Cute, creative and slick, this is one of the best new shows of the fall season.Chicago Sun-Times Full Review
In a sense, Monday's promising premiere is the first in a three-part introduction, with each episode building on and improving upon the one before.USA Today Full Review
Chuck sounds like a regrettably derivative idea - a remake of "Jake 2.0." But it's not. Chuck is a blast.New York Daily News Full Review
While there are a a few too many "awkward-guy moments," there are enough genuinely sweet ones to balance them out. [28 Sep 2007, p.93]Entertainment Weekly Full Review
It's actually a kick to watch. Its joys are broader and self-consciously zanier than the CW series.L.A. Weekly Full Review
Chuck possesses modest charm, impressive stunt work and another mildly appealing reluctant hero.Variety Full Review
The real-world intrigue is matched in dramatic flair by Chuck-world jeopardy. His store's fierce assistant-manager competition resounds as fatefully as saving the universe from evil. Which makes the dark light enough and the light dark enough to meld into a tasty escapist treat.Newsday Full Review
The pilot is an especially persuasive hour of action-adventure, but subsequent lower-budget episodes preserve the esprit and suspense.Los Angeles Times Full Review
The results aren't much different from a video game, for the violence on Chuck is pretty cartoony, but after watching two episodes I'm hooked. This is a fun escapist show.Kansas City Star Full Review
Chases, stunts and explosions fill the funny, flashy adventure.Orlando Sentinel Full Review
The series is part spy spoof, part workplace comedy, and it is a genuinely engaging homage to the nerd hero.The New York Times Full Review
The show has a happily palpable likability going for it, a lot of that courtesy of Zachary Levi, who plays the unlikely and in fact unwilling hero.Washington Post Full Review
Schwartz's good eye for characters and cutting sense of humor--makes Chuck a thoroughly enjoyable romp.Miami Herald Full Review
Chuck starts a step slower, with more exposition in the first two episodes and no larger-than-life character like Satan to smooth over that, but by episode three, it's just as assured and entertaining in its own extremely similar way.Newark Star-Ledger Full Review
Their new show has both the nerve to link up twentysomething malaise and 21st-century terror-angst and the good nature to make the proposition look endearing.Slate Full Review
It's headed in the right direction ... fast, loose and fun.Detroit Free Press Full Review
The pilot is full of dark, dangerous and sexy moments.The Hollywood Reporter Full Review
Chuck is one of two new fantastical shows premiering Monday on NBC, making a Heroes sandwich. That's fantastical, not fantastic.Philadelphia Inquirer Full Review
"The O.C." team of Josh Schwartz and McG keep this one fast and mostly funny, but it's no "Heroes."Philadelphia Daily News Full Review
It's good, not great, and tonight's strong pilot gives way next week to a noticeably less stellar hour.Boston Globe Full Review
For reasons too obvious to bother with, NBC managed to take a really terrific and fun premiere and somehow let it morph over the following episodes into just another take-it-or-leave-it show.New York Post Full Review
Still, despite Chuck's zippy pace and fun dialogue, this nerd-friendly "spy-fi" show from "O.C." creator Josh Schwartz has plot holes you could drive a truck through.Chicago Tribune Full Review
Chuck is, at its best, cute--and that's not enough to keep up with the big dogs.Seattle Post-Intelligencer Full Review
Levi exudes an everyman appeal that may catch on with viewers, but the show's plots need to grow beyond the action-adventure tropes of 1970s TV if Chuck hopes to avoid being chucked off NBC's prime-time schedule.Pittsburgh Post-Gazette Full Review
A good-natured show with a convincing sense of fun and a likeable cast, Chuck also has the wit, confidence, and grasp of the cultural climate to turn a running joke about a celebrity porn site into a major plot device.PopMatters Full Review
A charming but underwhelming pilot.... The second episode is dismal, sucking all the air out of whatever hopes you might have had for that one.San Francisco Chronicle Full Review


text:
Yes, it's that time again. Give us your best in the comments section. Here's what we came up with for this Rocky Top dandy...
You can't spell outdoor shitter without UTThanks to MZone reader Scott for the pic.
Rants, comments, thoughts and funny - mostly funny - on all things Michigan and college football.
If you have ideas, tips, links or pictures for the blog, e-mail us at: MichiganZone at gmail dot com.
Thanks for checking out the M Zone. And if you enjoy the site, please pass the link on to a friend or two. We'd sure appreciate it.
You can't spell outdoor shitter without UTThanks to MZone reader Scott for the pic.
"Everyone keeps saying we have one of the most f*cked up fight songs in this here country! I don't understand it....we be good people here. Hold on, Frank. God damnit, Emma Gene! Can I get some privacy?! You know we ate squirrel last night!"
so is that supposed to be a Texas jacket? because thats a Tennessee logo..
if it is supposed to be a Texas logo, then thanks for posting on Hornfans, where most have enjoyed your opinion.. cuz I doubt you'd be welcome now after this.
It's a Tennessee logo and it is referencing SOS' infamous quote that you can't spell CITRUS without UT.
In some parts of the country, cell phone technology has advanced more quickly than plumbing.
"....and now for my impression of Lloyd Carr in the 2005 Rose Bowl.."
Texas fans who think this post is about your team - notice that the post itself says "here's what we came up with for this ROCKY TOP dandy." ITS ABOUT TENNESSEE. Duh!
I'm surprised because Texas fans are normally pretty smart. Can't say the same for VY on that Wonderlic, however ;)
I doubt he/she is a true Texas fan. Otherwise, they would have noticed the years of the NC wins doesn't correlate. Pkus the log. Plus the color of orange...
"OK baby...I gotta ta go...I'm trying to take me a Sperior and wipe my Meyer"
After a long hard day working as a graduate assistant for the Mississippi State Bulldogs, former UT "standout" Casey Clausen retires to his Starkville estate for an evening of classy relaxation.
hey look its that other manning brother!
"Well, it was either this here fancy cordless whatchamathingy or indoor plummin'. I'm comfortable I done decided right."
With one of the most loyal followings in college football, watch as another dedicated Volunteer fan places his order for season tickets.
Funny, last time I saw this picture farked, it was poking fun at the U. of Alabama, with a crimson tide sticker on the window.
"UT finally makes a bowl."
"This is Billy Bob at the Sunny Vista trailer park on highway 45. I'm down to my last UT National Championship jacket and I need something to wipe my ass on right quick. Could you send Billy Ray over with some of those Phil Fulmer sweaters?"
Kudos to the guy that photoshopped that UT jacket in.
The newly renovated Neyland Stadium now has toilets.
Hey, Coach Fulmer. I found a good use for your playbook.
Where did you get that picture of Rhett Bomar's uncle? I think he is on the phone with the Volunteers seeing if there are any good paying dealerships in town!
Hey Meyer, I've got a message for you...and I'll flush twice because it's a long way to Gainesville.
"What? No more money? well then you can tell Ol' Phil that I done had a vasectomy and there aint gonna be no more Colquitt kickers!"
"Tennstud" recovers from a rough night of *comforting* Fulmer.
"Don't worry sugartits, I'll take care of all those mean coaches who kept you out of a bowl game last year. Whose my lil Krispy Kreme?"
"Hey Coach Fulmer! This is Jim Bob Cooter's Dad. I was wondering when you're gonna let the Ol Cooter back on the Team!!!"
Undigested can of corn-1
Univ. of Tennessee-0
Philip Fulmer's head recruiter decides to drop off the latest round of UT recruits at the fine UT facilities.
"I'm one big turd away from fittin' into that jacket"
"Nah, man, shut up and just bring me sum damn paper. I already gone used the jacket. Got tanked last night and wiped my ass clean on her. Now she's gotta air dry before I scoots off to Knox for the game."
"New Vols defensive strategy consultant Joe-Bob Wixwhank instructs Phil Fulmer on how to deal with a running attack."
The Ohio State student loan office, may I help you?
...The new luxury suites at Neyland Stadium are a hit.
Yo Bubba, I dun got my fancy costume riddy to whar tonite to the Climpson's booster special member's club "thank-god we're-not-fans-of" partee.
I got the screaming cheatah weelies from reading the M zone....and yes I live in Michigan


text:
The government's chief evidence was a faded application form that prosecutors said Mr. Padilla, 36, filled out to attend a Qaeda training camp in Afghanistan in 2000.Faded. Just an old, faded piece of paper. Injustice -- the idea is planted in the reader's head. And yet what is the evidentiary significance the fadedness of the paper? Nothing, without more. For example, if the prosecution had relied on the fadedness to explain a lack of fingerprints, it would affect the weight we'd give to the paper. But in fact, there were 6 fingerprints!
In paragraph 4, we're told that the jurors, leaving the courthouse, would not speak to the press, but one woman, contacted by phone, said -- in the words of the NYT -- "that she had all but made up her mind before deliberations began." The readers' suspicions of injustice are stoked. Yet really, the juror has admitted nothing wrong here. Why the paraphrase? What did she say?
Do people even click to see what's on page 2?
James Cohen, a law professor at Fordham University, said the fact that the Qaeda training camp form had six of Mr. Padilla's fingerprints was "overwhelmingly powerful" and had very likely swayed the jurors.Swayed? How about convinced? Do the citizens who served on the jury in a 3-month trial deserve the dispargement implicit in the word "swayed"? (Dictionary definition of sway: "To divert; deflect... To exert influence on or control over.") And, again, why the paraphrase? I take it Professor Cohen did not say "swayed."
I was also struck by this: "After being held in isolation in a military brig in South Carolina for three and a half years, Mr. Padilla (pronounced puh-DEE-yuh) was transferred to civilian custody here last year...." Three questions: 1. Why after all these years are we still being told how to pronounce this man's name? 2. Didn't the defense lawyers inform us that his name was actually pronounced puh-DILL-uh? 3. Are we now being informed it's puh-DEE-yuh because the lawyers decided puh-DEE-yuh will do a better job of exerting influence or control over us?


text:
Cone bartends to raise money for Sandy relief
Former Cy Young Award winner played for Mets and Yankees
By Joey Nowak / MLB.com | 11/15/12 9:26 PM ET
NEW YORK -- David Cone may not be a native New Yorker, but his credentials make him just about the next-closest thing.
The five-time World Series champion and former Yankee and Met made an appearance as a guest bartender at a jam-packed Foley's New York Pub and Restaurant on Thursday night in Manhattan, with all proceeds from his shift going to benefit those victimized by Hurricane Sandy and the storms that affected the Northeast in the last few weeks.
For a celebrated pitcher with All-Star appearances, World Series rings, a Cy Young Award and a perfect game to boot, this was a first.
"We all were looking for a way to help," Cone said. "This actually originated on Twitter. Some people who were following picked up on Foley's offer to do this tonight and sort of challenged me. So I said, 'OK, I'm in.'"
Foley's owner Shaun Clancy said the the bar made an open invitation, via social media, to a number of local sports celebrities to man the bar for a night with 100 percent of the bar's proceeds going to help residents in need.
With the bar's ties to the baseball community and sports world, he suspected someone would jump at the opportunity.
"I'm every bit enamored with him doing this as he is of me letting him do it," Clancy said of Cone's stint. "It's kind of mutual from that point of view. But we're all here to help. We're having a benefit for people five miles from here, 10 miles from here, who are living in tents tonight. And it's 30 degrees outside. Anything we can do to help."
Cone was born and raised in Kansas City, and was drafted in the third round of the 1981 First-Year Player Draft by the Royals, for whom he debuted in 1986.
He was traded to the Mets in 1987, at which time he got his first taste of life as a ballplayer in New York. He spent parts of the next six seasons with the Mets before also logging parts of six seasons with the Yankees from 1995-2000, when he was an instrumental piece of the Yankees' rotation during four World Series seasons.
In those years -- and now as an analyst for the YES Network -- he has had plenty of opportunities to learn what New Yorkers are all about and how they weather such storms.
"The stories are endless, and they keep coming in," Cone said of breadth of the storm's damage. "I don't think we know the full extent yet. ... But New Yorkers are the toughest anywhere. Certainly in this country. They just rally around these sorts of things."


text:
Bump stops they look great , should fit on my truck
Reviewed By Mark O (Apple Valley, CA) Reviewed for a 1994 Toyota Pickup —12/26/2015 11:02 AM
Have Hurd nothing but great reviews for the price
Reviewed By Aaron B (ORANGE, TX) Reviewed for a 2012 Chevy Silverado —3/27/2014 11:25 AM
Before I lifted my truck, I was always worried that I'd over extend the bags when flexing the suspension even if it was turning into a steep driveway or parking lot...thes eliminated that completely!
Reviewed By jay l (YUMA, AZ) Reviewed for a 1998 GMC Sonoma —6/20/2013 8:12 AM
so far these bump-stops seem to work just fine,can be adjusted by cutting a portion of material off end,if needed.they look like they will outlast the o.e.m. by far.a good value. a few more miles on the ole motor home will tell the tale.


text:
Monday, May 21, 2018
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Review Details
Aerostich Elkskin Ropers
- Product Review (submitted on July 19, 2012):
Within 20 hours of receiving my Roper's they were off on a 4500 mile trip to, through and back from the Rockies - from 52 to 104 air temp, both rain and shine - I never felt the need to remove them. Yes they take a bit of time to dry (overnight by ac fan did the trick). Bled a little orange tint which came off the hands easy enough. Within about 500 miles - by far the most comfortable riding gloves I can remember.
4500 miles in - they are like a second skin!!!


text:
Update 2: As the demo-induced BioShock frenzy continues, 2K community manager Elizabeth Tobey has announced the release of a free downloadable BioShock art book. The PDF-format book is print-ready.
Update: 2K Games has announced that the PC demo of BioShock is "in its final stages of testing and approval," and is planned to be released this month. The company did not definitively announce whether the demo will be released before the game's August 21 release date, but an announcement is expected soon.
Original story: Following the announcement that a BioShock-related announcement would be announced tonight on SpikeTV, journo Geoff Keighley announced availability of an Xbox 360 demo now downloadable via Xbox Live. Publisher 2K Games followed the announcement with its own announcement on The Cult of Rapture, the company's site dedicated to the game.
Many users attempting to download the demo have announced unusually slow download speeds, suggesting Xbox Live is being heavily taxed by the demand.
Along with the announcement of the Xbox 360 demo, Cult of Rapture overlord (and Shacker) Elizabeth Tobey announced a PC version of the demo will be released "later this month." Further announcements regarding a PC demo will be announced tomorrow, Tobey announced. BioShock ships next week.
In related news, Shacknews Ltd. today announced its intention to cover any further announcements regarding BioShock demos or announcements regarding announcements related to BioShock demos.


text:
I could use a bigger harddrive and more RAM, but since I'm still on Windows XP, it makes more sense to buy a new computer.
I read that Windows 8 is scheduled for October. Now I don't know if I should wait until then (with the risk of it being crap like Vista) or buy a Windows 7 machine.
What would you Jubbers do?


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Women's ASICS® Printed Headbands :: Sweep your hair back and then hold it into place with pizzazz. These athlete-oriented head bands come in amazing designer schemes, with an ASICS® logo elastic.
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Part of National Museums Liverpool
Also in this section…?
A selection of artworks from the extensive collections of the Walker Art Gallery, Lady Lever Art Gallery and Sudley House are available to view on this website. Below is an index of all the artworks online, arranged alphabetically by artist.
Show these without thumbnails.
Sorry, no matching works found.
© Copyright 2018


text:
Yeah, gun regulations are not needed. Everything is hunky dory.
This is the most horrible thing, after Newtown, I have seen this year. Firefighter are there first to help. 9/11 didn't register with whoever did this.
4 firefighters shot, 2 dead, after responding to blaze
By Jason White, NBC News
Four firefighters were shot and two were killed after responding to a large fire in Webster, N.Y., early Monday.
When firefighters arrived on the scene of the blaze around 6 a.m. ET in the Rochester suburb, they were fired upon by one or more shooters, police said.
Firefighters were forced to flee by the gunfire. Two of the firefighters are being treated at a local hospital for their wounds.
Police say there is no longer an "active shooting" situation, and firefighters have resumed battling the blaze.


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50 comments:
that looks great on you!ReplyDelete
wow, it's so pretty! looks great...and tiffany...your nails are always so perfect and the polish is always so even!ReplyDelete
beautifull color!ReplyDelete
super pretty...gotta get it :)ReplyDelete
Very pretty!ReplyDelete
you are such an enabler :) gonna get itReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 19, 2009 at 10:41 PM
Any tips on how to apply polish evenly and perfectly on nails? Your nails always look great! =)ReplyDelete
My friends and I always joke about Nars milking their Orgasm name for all it's worth. Blush, lipgloss, nail polish... how many Orgasms do women really need? LolReplyDelete
beautiful! love the color!ReplyDelete
Looks gorgeous! Why must you tempt me Tiffany??? I have enough nail polish but I don't have a color like this...LOLReplyDelete
its awesome, reminds me of a colour I use to steal off my sister in the 80's!ReplyDelete
thats gorgeous!ReplyDelete
hi tiffany, nice to meet you...i am malay makeup wedding...i also use NARS brand...but for blusher and mascara....i just wonder is it NARS is famous at your place and how about their quality?ReplyDelete
for me it is not so bad.if u free can you share with me other product from NARS brand...thanks alot tiffany...hope we can share each other about makeup
I have this also & I really like it! :>ReplyDelete
I've been thinking of getting this as I love Orgasm blush and lipgloss! It's so gorgeous. I might just have to make a trip to Sephora to finally get it. :)ReplyDelete
wow, this is a nice color!!!ReplyDelete
love it. Thanks for the post
- AnonymousAugust 20, 2009 at 4:20 AM
hi, you are great, I admire you! Ioana from RomaniaReplyDelete
It's funny that the same name are the name too of a very little range of different products!! :)ReplyDelete
The coulour is so cute!
Oooo beautiful, love a good orgasm! (sorry, couldn't resist) xReplyDelete
this colour is gorgeous!ReplyDelete
Its really lovely..ReplyDelete
Is that an orangey tint to it? cuz it looks really pwetty =)
ohhh. looove it;)ReplyDelete
Wow, it's gorgeous!ReplyDelete
I love that color against your skintone!ReplyDelete
Love your blogs...videos. I'm a big fan and I will for sure be getting this polish!ReplyDelete
Is beualtifull!ReplyDelete
wow that is stunning !ReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 20, 2009 at 1:52 PM
i love this color! it looks really similar to love me tender by opiReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 20, 2009 at 3:55 PM
it reminds me of lollipop loving lipstick! very pretty!ReplyDelete
this is so gorgeous :DReplyDelete
sorry about the "invasion"
the nail polish looks greatReplyDelete
Wow...didn't think it'd be so pretty!ReplyDelete
that colour is absolutely gorgeous on you!ReplyDelete
that shade is GORGE!!!ReplyDelete
I love the blush, but I've never tried the lipgloss. That is such a pretty polish color, perfect for summer.ReplyDelete
ooo i love it! looks great with your skin toneReplyDelete
great find!love your blog! Please check out my fashion and lifestyle blog www.andeelayne.blogspot.com! Please follow it as I will yours! xoReplyDelete
One word beautiful!!!ReplyDelete
OOOOOH I soooo love this color! GREAT!!!ReplyDelete
that's SUCH a pretty colour! *isdyingforitnow*ReplyDelete
youre blog is great!ReplyDelete
take a look at my blog, and leave a comment
Hi! It's Cecilia from Argentina!ReplyDelete
I always watch your videos and I have to say that you are fantastic!
Your make up looks are very natural, with a great colors combinations and very very gorgeous!
Well... I'm your fan as you can see!
Thank you for showing us your videos!
See you!
oh, sorry Tiff, I don't like this color. Too orangy for me, but Thank you for showing us this, so now I know I don't have to get it :)ReplyDelete
Your blogg is amazing!
Ohhh that a beautiful color!ReplyDelete
- MarianneAugust 27, 2009 at 7:33 AM
Hey Tiffany! LOVE this colour so much!! i'm from nz so I can't find a store that actually even has nars nailpolish.. is there a site u can recommend for internetional shipping?? thanks!! love your videos and blogs btw! I've became a true fan :P xoxoxReplyDelete
I absolutely love that colorReplyDelete
I love this color...orgasm is a genius line of color for NARSReplyDelete
it looks so pretty! it seems like a pastel cake color, I love it! but how much of the product is there?ReplyDelete


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Difference between revisions of "Sitges"
Revision as of 15:42, 2 January 2013
Sitges is a lovely Mediterranean coastal town, a seaside resort some 35km southwest of Barcelona in Catalunya, Spain. Sitges isis a seaside town with great beaches and excellent tourist facilities. Recognized as one of the most charming towns and prestige of the Catalan coast, enjoys a mild and temperate micro climate, which means that visitors can enjoy enviable temperatures every month of the yearSitges has one of most vibrant and hippest gay scenes on the coast. The beaches are very colorful and fun! The city which overlooks the Mediterranean has large avenues, narrow streets, four museums and the gorgeous beaches of Costa Dorada/Golden Coast
Sitges is a privileged enclave on the Mediterranean coast, protected by the Garraf's Parc mountains, Sitges use to have an excellent microclimate that allows at any time of the year taking place in this beautiful coastal town, countless events, as the Sitges International Film Festival, Sitges Carnival, local Festivities, Theatre Festival, Vintage, Gay Pride, concerts ... Its cultural and artistic, its extensive and varied range of activities throughout the year and its intense nightlife, justify a visit, which promises to be unforgettable. A few minutes from the city of Barcelona (35km) and El Prat International Airport (25 km), Sitges becomes an unbeatable option for both the client and the customer holiday corporate. The recent addition to air traffic Reus Airport with low cost airlines to fly from many European airports bound for Sitges and enjoy a holiday stay at a good price.
Sitges is a large village in Catalonia, Spain. Belonging to the Garraf, in the province of Barcelona. It has more than 28,000 inhabitants, over 44 km ², of which about 30% are foreigners which gives the town a very special character and charm. Sitges is a maritime city. It has a large tourist infrastructure with facilities and three marinas, is the city with most marinas throughout the Spanish state. Besides tourism trade people focused on fishing and making shoes later, economic activities have disappeared (except small workshops). This city was rebuilt in the last century, achieving a high number in tourism. Noted for his outstanding location the Church of Sant Bartomeu i Santa Tecla, better known as "La Punta". The strategic location of this church has become one of the most recognized icons in Sitges. An authentic coastal stamped at the end of the promenade and on top of the bastion, after climbing the steps to admire the sea before going to visit the Church. Its structure is quite peculiar, because it has two bell towers, and possesses one of the watch towers that served the population to calculate the time. Its facade is quite simple but the frame where it is located is incomparable. The beautiful parish of San Bartolome and Santa Tecla is certainly the image that symbolizes Sitges. The church, built in the seventeenth century but with many subsequent amendments, is a charming Baroque style and the interior retains several Renaissance and Baroque altars and an organ of 1690. Despite the beauty of its architecture, the church would not be the same were it not for its great setting. Located on a small hill overlooking the beach and the town. El Raco de la Calma is a really lovely place to pass by and we stop for a while, as we go from the beach of San Sebastian to the church of Sant Bertomeu and Santa Tecla. Walking through the Racó will find the most beautiful and relaxing places in Sitges, as musicians help the relaxation and tranquility to appreciate. At the end of this walk in a large square overlooking the sea and the lighthouse there is a very nice market where we can buy accessories, earrings, clothes, bracelets ... In conclusion, it is a wonderful place to spend a great summer in its magnificent beaches and to roam around its magnificent streets.
For further information www.visitsitges.com
Get in
The easiest way is by the Spanish Railways (RENFE [4], "Rodalies de Catalunya" [5]). The journey by train (R2) from Barcelona costs €3.60 (4 Zones on the Barcelona suburban railway services), and takes around 35 minutes. Direct trains leave from Passeig de Gràcia or Sants stations - from Plaça de Catalunya a change is required at Barcelona-Sants. There are four trains an hour - two fast trains and two stopping trains.
By car, there are two routes - either via the C-31 (a local road which winds its way around the cliff faces) or the C-32 (a toll motorway). The C-32 is recommended for speed and safety, however it costs around €5, while the C-31 is free.
By Air, the closest international airport is Barcelona/El Prat de Llobregat(BCN) airport (Sitges is accessible by train, changing at El Prat de Llobregat). Reus/Tarragona(REU) airport is an alternative,for regional flights (Sitges is accessible by train changing at either Sant Vicenç de Calders or Vilanova i la Geltrú).Girona/Gerona(GRO) airport is over 125 km in Costa Brava.
Get around
Walk or taxi cab; it is a charming small city.Sitges allows the movement of vehicles for their urban fabric, only some of the streets near "Cap de la Vila", the inner city, have limited to motor vehicle traffic, allowing pedestrians and cycling. There are several bus lines that serve communication with the various developments that surround the town of Sitges. It may be interesting to park the car at any of the park and ride there and l walk closer to the center, and especially advisable in the months of July and August to avoid driving on the center with the car.
The best way is rent a electric Bike. You can do it in[6] It's easy, handy and funny.
Sitges Tourist Routes for its rich cultural diversity allows different tourist routes that show as the passage of time has left its mark on this beach town so special. Known tourist routes in Sitges and are therefore recommended as the tourism promotion agency as those made by AGIS, are the "Indianos Route", Sitges in Time of Modernism Route, Sitges Old Town, The Souls Route, Terramar Route, Route de la Malvasia, La Ruta de las Mujeres de Sitges and its proximity to the Parc del Garraf is also recommended Route dels Sentits Garraf.
Sitges Holidays and Traditions Sitges offers visitors not only a pleasant and pretty coastal village and magnificent spaces for visiting Sitges also offers many events, activities, festivals that make its cultural and artistic life transcend beyond the Mediterranean's Sea waters.
Sitges Beach Sitges has 17 beaches adorning the coastline of Sitges, some close to the village center and other far, more dispersed , but all of them have the necessary services. There are great beaches, small coves, family beaches, naturist beaches.... Urban beaches are easily reached on foot from the beautiful promenade. Six of these beaches were honored recently with the ISO 14001 certification for the quality of water, sand, cleaning services, lifesaving.
Sitges Food and Drink Sitges offers visitors an extraordinary cuisine, where Mediterranean cuisine such high regard that world has acquired in recent times is exalted. Rice, fresh fish, famous xató, .... The tasting Mediterranean cuisine is very pleasant in the seafront in Sitges. It should be noted the Malvasia de Sitges, as sweet dessert wine, aromatic, made from the grape variety of the same name. Malvasia de Sitges today enjoys international recognition thanks to the action of Slow Food. We should not go to Sitges without having tasted the typical Spanish tapas in one of the many tapas establishments that offer discounts for all visitors to Sitges.
Buy Sitges Sitges has a wide range of shops, the town center streets are full of small shops that allow consumers to meet their consumption needs. The Main Street, The Parellades street, The Cap de la Vila, Jesus Street, the Sant Francesc street, ... are some of the most commercial streets of the town center. There are various craftworks products Sitges, are famous miniature reproductions of the most characteristic elements of the Local Festa Major.
souvenirs;catalan/spanish music {Serrat};spanish/valencian music{Camilo Sesto}. In Sitges (unlike nearby Barcelona) all of the shops are allowed to open on Sundays. You will find a wide range of fashion stores around the city. Several of them carry top brands. Pedestrian streets on the city center get quite crowded on Sunday afteroons with tourists and people from Barcelona buying. Be aware that several shops on the afternoon open just after 17:30 and stay open untill 21:00.
Sitges Restaurants Sitges offers a wide range of restaurants. You will find that best suits your taste. The Mediterranean cuisine is offered in most establishments in high quality level. Highly recommended to try tapas establishments.
[Sitges Pubs streets near the waterfront are filled with street cafes. Local youngsters gather on the beach after nightfall.
Sitges has great range of bars and places in which to enjoy a drink, a wine, a beer in the company of his acquaintances friends. Night pubs in the Port of Aiguadolç, the Sweet Pacha , Disco Atlantida, but undoubtedly the place par excellence of nightlife is "Sin street - La Calle del Pecado" and popularly known by the concentration of bars and nightlife venues. You can not go off Sitges without having enjoyed its nightlife.
Sitges Hotels Sitges has over 5,000 beds to accommodate the many tourists who hosts. The hotel offer covers all tastes and prices, from large hotels from large chains to those small boutique hotels and family service. Tourists also enjoy a generous offer apartments for rent.
Sitges Gay - Gayfriendly
Sitges Gay Gay presence is noticeable in this charming town and its Carnival anThe Gay Pride are world famous.


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Established in 1962 by Shunryu Suzuki Roshi and his American students, San Francisco Zen Center is a Soto Zen Buddhist community with three practice places in the SF Bay Area: City Center, an urban temple in the heart of San Francisco; Green Gulch Farm, in Marin County, where fertile fields meet the ocean; and Tassajara Zen Mountain Center, the first Zen training monastery in the West, in the Ventana Wilderness inland from Big Sur. At San Francisco Zen Center, zazen, study, and work practice are available to a diverse population of students, visitors, lay people, priests, and monks. All are welcome!


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Bush plans to breach 'civilian-military' divide
Former President George W. Bush misses a few things about being president. Jokingly, he says he misses the reliability of Air Force One to make sure his luggage arrives on time.
Above all, he misses saluting the men and women serving in the U.S. Armed Forces. Speaking in Dallas, Bush said he will again take up that cause through his institute for long into the future.
American Legion staff members participated in the Feb. 19 "Empowering Our Nation's Warriors" summit at the George W. Bush Institute, where the 43rd U.S. president pledged his full support for the nation's veterans and their families, putting the full strength of his institute behind that promise.
"Many (servicemembers) are coming home and are preparing for new missions as civilians, and I intend to salute these men and women for the rest of my life," Bush said. "And through the Military Service Initiative, the Bush Institute is going to help. We're focused, and we'll be relentless in serving our vets.
"And so a goal of the Military Service Initiative is to help Americans understand how they can support our veterans and empower them to succeed. Support for our troops since 9/11 has been overwhelming, but until now, we haven't really asked."
To answer those questions, the former president said that researchers at his institute, working with Syracuse University's Institute for Veterans and Military Families, are conducting a study in which veterans and military service organizations are helping their target audiences. The goal of the study is to establish best practices among the more than 46,000 service groups currently active within the United States.
"That's a huge number, and it's a great testament to our country's strong support for veterans, but it can be overwhelming for newly returned veterans looking for help," Bush said. "And while these organizations have good intentions, I suspect some deliver better results than others."
Results of the study are expected to be released this fall, while results of the institute's study on the post-9/11 veteran population are expected to be released this spring. The latter study tracks demographic and employment information, as well as the population's feelings on the country's military-civilian divide.
Bush provided a glimpse into the second study. "Eighty-four percent of the veterans say that the American public has 'little awareness' of the challenges facing them and their families," he said. "It turns out most Americans agree: 71 percent of Americans said they do not understand the problems facing our veterans. You might call this a 'civilian-military divide.'"
Another goal of the study, Bush said, is to help more veterans put their skills to work in the civilian sector. "From our research, we know one problem is that veterans and employers both have a hard time translating military experience," Bush said. "Our study will help employers understand what veterans have to offer and enable them to tailor their recruitment and hiring efforts. And we're going to send a broader message: Hiring veterans is not only the right thing to do – it is a smart thing to do. When a résumé says 'United States military,' that means you can count on the applicant to be loyal, have good leadership, teamwork skills and discipline. And to an employer, that should mean a lot."
Bush also cast his vote for removing the term 'disorder' from post-traumatic stress disorder. "The real problem with post-traumatic stress is not the condition itself," he said. "The problem is the stigma surrounding the condition – partly because it is mislabeled as a 'disorder,' and partly because many people aren't aware of treatment options. As most doctors today will tell you: Post-traumatic stress is not a disorder. Post-traumatic stress, or PTS, is an injury that can result from the experience of war. And like other injuries, PTS is treatable."
Second Lady Dr. Jill Biden, who worked with First Lady Michelle Obama to create the Joining Forces initiative, praised those who stand behind their loved ones as they serve their country.
"I am always inspired by the strength and the resilience of our military families," Biden said. "Our military families have done so much for our country, and each of us can do something in return. That's why nearly three years ago, First Lady Obama and I created Joining Forces, to encourage all Americans to support and honor our military families. Since that time, America has stepped up in our workplaces, our schools and our communities."
Biden said civilian employers have realized what hiring a veteran does for its workforce. "Companies big and small are stepping up not just because it's the patriotic thing to do, but because it's the smart thing to do. They know that our (servicemembers) are some of the highest-skilled, hardest-working employees they will ever have."
Retired U.S. Marines Corps Gen. Peter Pace – who was the first Marine to serve as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff – took the stage with Blackstone chairman and CEO Steve Schwarzman. Blackstone has pledged to hire 50,000 veterans and has mobilized its portfolio companies to hire more than 10,000 veterans.
Schwarzman said that hiring veterans is "the moral thing to do," adding that every U.S. company of significant size can be doing what Blackstone is doing.
Pace called post-9/11 veterans the "leaders of the future... the men and women who our grandchildren and great-grandchildren are going to look to for leadership."
The summit also included two panels focusing on obstacles faced by veterans and military families, and private and non-profit sector responsibilities and opportunities.
In the first panel, attendees heard from some notable names: retired Army Gen. Peter Chiarelli, now the CEO of One Mind Research; Fisher House chairman/CEO Kenneth Fisher; Student Veterans of America Executive Director D. Wayne Robinson; and John Thiel, the head of Merrill Lynch.
Chiarelli called for more federal funding for brain trauma research, saying that if a private-sector CEO threw the same small amount of money at a multi-million dollar problem, the CEO wouldn't keep his job very long.
Fisher asked for potential employers to reach out to wounded veterans while they are in the recovery process to start the mentoring process that much earlier. Robinson urged employers to be selfish and ask what the return on investment from hiring veterans is.
Thiel didn't mince words when talking about his company's aggressive efforts to hire veterans. "We're doing this because this is a business opportunity for us, as well as doing the right thing," he said. "Merrill Lynch has had a 45-year history of hiring veterans very successfully. They transition very well into our roles as advisors to clients with the maturity, the perspective and the leadership they have."
In the second panel, Jacksonville, Fla., Mayor Alvin Brown said that veterans deserve to come home, get a job and take care of their families and explained mechanisms his city has in place to help with that, including working with companies and businesses in the city on veterans hiring programs. "My goal us to make Jacksonville the most military, veteran city in America," Brown said.
Jean Case, CEO of the Case Foundation, said there is a need to "cross the chasm to enable all Americans to find ways to support our veterans." Team Rubicon CEO Jake Wood called veteran integration into the civilian world, the rate of veterans suicide and traumatic brain injuries a "national emergency." Texas Tech University Chancellor Kent Hance – whose university has increased its student veterans staff personnel from one person to 12 since he arrived – pledged that veterans who set foot on campus with a skill learned during their military service, such as serving as medic, aren't forced to relearn those skills in the classroom.
And Joe DePinto, president and CEO of 7-Eleven Inc., said one of the main solutions to helping veterans transition is a rather simple one. If we provide jobs (to veterans), the other stuff – it's going to take a lot of work – it will work itself out," he said. "I truly believe that."
Legion Veterans Affairs & Rehabilitation Division Director Verna Jones was one of four Legion staffers at the summit. "I think it was important The American Legion was represented here today because we're talking about all the issues we work with on a daily basis: employment, education and training, benefits," she said. "We're talking about medical care and even their position on post-traumatic stress disorder. It's important that we get the views of other organizations in the same kind of business that we're in, and be able to move forward with that information and with what we know from our own results."
To view video from the summit, click here.