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Hungarian GP 2008
Saturday Team Quotes
Felipe Massa (3rd, 1:21.191): "It's a shame I didn't manage to get the best out of the car in Q3, mainly because of traffic, especially on my second run. In the first two parts of qualifying the car felt good, as can be seen from my times, but then I never managed to prepare the tyres in the best way. Clearly, overtaking isn't easy but we have a good pace and I will try and exploit that in fighting with the two drivers ahead of me on the grid."
Kimi Raikkonen (6th, 1:21.516): "I made a mistake on my final flying lap which cost me time, and that followed on from not having got a great lap on my previous attempt, which explains why I'm sixth. Of course I am not happy and, starting from the third row, my race will be an uphill struggle. I will try and make the most of this situation, given that the car today was not that bad. We are going through a bit of a difficult time but we mustn't give up: all we need to do is put together all the pieces of the jigsaw and then the results will come to us again."
Stefano Domenicali, Team Principal: "Obviously, we cannot be happy with this result, especially when our main opponents have the front row to themselves. Our main aim this weekend was and still is to get the most out of our car-tyre-team package and today we failed to do that, especially in the final part of qualifying. Now we have to try and do it in tomorrow's race: it will be tough because our grid positions are not the best and we are up against very strong opposition, but it is not an impossible task. We have strong potential which we saw today: it will be a case of getting all the elements to come together as well as possible."
Luca Baldisserri, Head of Trackside Operations: "Having our main rival's two cars on the front row is definitely not the most promising start for the race, but it in no way means the race is already lost for us. Tomorrow it will be important to make a good start, trying in Felipe's case, to take advantage of starting on the more rubbered-in side of the track, and to manage tyre performance as well as possible, given that we can expect very high temperatures. On top of that come the usual parameters - strategy, reliability, team work - that have to operate at their best in order to get a good result. We have to try our hardest to bring home as many points as possible and only at the end of the race will we see if we have done enough or not."
BMW Sauber
Robert Kubica (4th, 1:21.281): "I am really happy with the result. This was certainly one of my best qualifying sessions so far this season. I was not expecting to start from fourth as the car has been quite difficult to drive over the entire weekend. We struggled a bit with the balance, but in the end I was able to make the harder tyre compound work very well and here we are. I am now looking forward to the race."
Nick Heidfeld (16th, 1:21.045): "I'm totally disappointed. It looked quite good at the end of yesterday's practice and also this morning. But on my last lap in Q1 I had four cars in my way. Most of them at least tried to give me room, but it still cost me time. Towards the end of the lap I had one car in front which was on an out lap. He saw me and accelerated. He then overtook Sebastien Bourdais before the last corner, and then Sebastien was right in my way. I was hoping it was so obvious he would be penalised right away and I could still get into Q2."
Dr. Mario Theissen, BMW Motorsport Director: "It was a very tight battle at the front with marginal time differences. We expected to see McLaren on the front row. Robert did a very good last lap and secured fourth, which means he will be starting in between the two Ferraris. Certainly Nick's result is disappointing. He complained several times about traffic on his last, and important fast lap and missed getting into Q2. We should be very happy if he scores a point from this grid position."
Willy Rampf, Technical Director: "Robert's performance was faultless, and he got the most out of the car. Starting from fourth is an excellent position. Instead for Nick it didn't go as expected. He reported traffic on his last lap. For him we are facing a very difficult race tomorrow, because overtaking is almost impossible at the Hungaroring."
Fernando Alonso (7th, 1:21.698): "We knew that the qualifying session would be very close and that proved to be the case. The first part was very competitive, but we managed to reach Q3 with both cars, which is positive. But I think the race tomorrow will be difficult, that's for sure. I will try and do my best to be on the pace and hopefully score some points."
Nelson Piquet (10th, 1:22.371): "The session was very competitive and more difficult than I thought it would be. In the end I managed to reach Q3 and I am happy about that. It means we can approach the race sensibly tomorrow and I hope we can make the most of this grid position to score some points."
Pat Symonds, Executive Director of Engineering: "As always, the homework done during our free practice sessions has paid off by getting both cars into the final part of qualifying with fuel loads that we believe can help us have a competitive race. As everybody knows, it is really difficult to pass on this track and so after a good qualifying session, pit-stops are now of extreme importance."
Denis Chevrier, Engine Operations Manager: "Our objective was to reach the top ten, and we achieved that. But the gap with the leaders is significant and as Fernando said at the start of the weekend, we had to fight hard to finish in the top ten because that is the situation we are in at the moment. With these places on the grid we are now preparing for a closely fought race, but we have a sensible strategy. Each lap will count and we must not make any mistakes."
Nico Rosberg (15th, 1:20.748): "We had a difficult start to this weekend, but we've improved throughout the sessions and learnt a lot of things along the way. We therefore weren't looking too bad for qualifying. I made a mistake on my fast lap in Q1 and lost two and a half tenths in one corner, so my Q1 time did not show the true potential of our car. We then had a good chance of making it into Q3, but a hydraulic problem meant I couldn't go out at all in Q2 which was disappointing. It's pretty interesting here tyre-wise as both are very soft on this track, but the harder ones were better for me today."
Kazuki Nakajima (17th, 1:21.085): "It was a difficult qualifying for me. Aside from plenty of traffic, I didn't really manage to find the right balance on my last set of option tyres. Both factors compromised my run. We now need to go through the data and work out what's happening in order to get the most out of the car for tomorrow."
Sam Michael, Technical Director: "It was always going to be a tight qualifying session for us. Unfortunately, Kazuki didn't progress through from the first session. Nico obviously could have delivered more, but a hydraulic problem kept him in the garage for the whole of Q2. There was no sign of it during the last run in Q1, but it became apparent when we fired up for the second session. We're investigating the cause now and will resolve the problem in time for the race."
Red Bull-Renault
Mark Webber (8th, 1:21.732): "That was a pretty good qualifying session, quite straightforward. It would have been nice to have had a bit more pace in Q3, but Q2 and Q1 went well for us. I'm disappointed I'm on the wrong side of the grid, an odd number is always better, but we definitely have a chance to get something from where we are, so we'll see how we go tomorrow."
David Coulthard (13th, 1:20.502): "I was losing a little bit of time in each of the sectors and I couldn't deliver that last little bit of lap time because I was bringing the mid-corner speed too low. It's tough from thirteenth for sure, but the Hungarian race can be unpredictable, so let's see."
Christian Horner, Sporting Director: "A respectable qualifying from Mark in a very tight field. We're close to our nearest rivals in Renault and Toyota, which should make for an interesting race tomorrow. David isn't far off the back of that group, he unfortunately didn't have a good second run in Q2, but we'll be fighting hard tomorrow."
Benteyn Pierre-Emeric, Renault: "Engine wise, we have been completely clear all weekend, which has allowed us to concentrate on the performance, of both the car and the engine. We would have preferred to have seen both cars appearing in Q3, but we are sure David will be strong tomorrow. Mark has a good chance for a good race."
Timo Glock (5th, 1:21.326): "That was a very good qualifying session for me and I'm obviously delighted. We made a good start in first practice yesterday. The team did a good job overnight and we made the right choice over set-up. It wasn't easy today because we had a very tight choice over tyres so we had to make a close decision for every lap. But in the end my engineers stayed cool and got it right. In Q2 the car felt perfect. Then on the very last lap it was a bit trickier again because the tyres didn't behave quite as well, but I'm happy with P5. We are in a great situation for tomorrow. It's good for all of us and after Hockenheim this is the perfect answer for the faith I have in the whole team."
Jarno Trulli (9th, 1:21.767): "I'm glad to be in the top ten but that was a difficult qualifying session and P9 is disappointing. Since this morning I have struggled for grip and balance and unfortunately we weren't able to find the answers in time. I had the same problems in qualifying so we will have to investigate that tonight. I'm happy for Timo, who has done a good job this weekend and it is clearly important for us to score as many points as possible for the constructors' championship. Overtaking is very difficult here but tomorrow is a very long race and we will see what we can achieve."
Pascal Vasselon, Senior General Manager Chassis: "From the pit wall that was a very exciting and pleasing hour of qualifying. We were fighting in the top three for all the sessions, except for the very last lap. We will investigate what happened but compared to the outings before we slightly underperformed. Still, there is no room for disappointment. Timo took his best ever grid position and he was very strong during all the sessions. We'll have to see what the fuel loads are tomorrow but when all the cars were at low fuel he was consistently in the top three. Jarno struggled for balance so we will look into the data tonight. The tyres were a very close call today but we organised our run plan so that we were able to make the right decisions at the right time and it worked out. Now we have a strong position for the race tomorrow with both drivers."
Toro Rosso-Ferrari
Sebastian Vettel (11th, 1:20.144): "A shame to miss out on Q3 by one hundredth, but we expected it to be tight. We can be happy though, especially given I only managed nine laps yesterday. It means we did a good job today. Now we can do what we like in terms of fuel load for the race and hopefully find a good strategy. I've yet to do a long run this weekend but I think we can find a good compromise between qualifying and race pace and we have a good set-up on the car."
Sebastien Bourdais (14th, 1:20.963): "I struggled with the Option tyre as it gave me no grip and I was sliding around more and had no feel for the car. I was very happy in a well balanced car earlier on but after that I'm not really sure what happened. I am disappointed, because even if Q3 would have been hard to reach, I could not match my Q1 time in Q2."
Giorgio Ascanelli, Technical Director: "I think we recovered well today from not having done enough running with Vettel yesterday. Bourdais did a good job, but did not get his last qualifying run quite right, as unlike his team-mate, he was unable to take advantage of the extra grip from the Options. All in all, I think we exploited the potential of our package and did a good job. For Vettel, the one unknown tomorrow will be driving on a full tank as he has not had the chance to try it."
Jenson Button (12th, 1:20.332): "I'm happy to have qualified in P12 today after a good lap on the final run in Q2 pushed me a few places up the grid. We've definitely made some progress with the new developments to the car and in particular the new rear suspension is working well and this has enabled us to improve the car step by step over the weekend. I got the most out of the car today and it's encouraging to see we were only three-tenths away from the top ten as it has been a while since we were that close. I'm on the dirty side of the grid, which is a disadvantage, but I am sure we can have a good race tomorrow from here nonetheless."
Rubens Barrichello (18th, 1:21.332): "Choosing which tyre to run was a really tough decision today and it was a difficult qualifying session. I felt the super-soft option tyre was working slightly better with the car so I stayed with that for my final run. After a good first sector, I went in too quick for turn 11 and made a mistake which ruined my lap. With that went the chance to progress to Q2 and the time from my previous run puts me in 18th place on the grid. The lap was going quite well but a mistake at turn 11 meant that I had to abort the lap. I have to settle for 18th place today and turn my focus now to the race."
Steve Clark, Head of Race & Test Engineering: "P12 is where we hoped to be today so we have moved a little closer to the middle order again. The new mechanical developments have brought us improved stability and that has enabled us to achieve a better balance on the car this weekend. Due credit to Jenson as he delivered a particularly good lap when it counted and we have reason to feel optimistic about tomorrow's race. Unfortunately both cars will be starting from the dirty side of the grid, so holding position into the first corner will be key. From there, with a free fuel allowance Jenson is in a good position to target the top ten with a good strategy and strong pitstops. For Rubens it is likely to be a difficult race in the absence of safety cars or other incidents, so we have to stay sharp and be ready to take advantage of whatever opportunities may present themselves."
Force India-Ferrari
Giancarlo Fisichella (19th, 1:21.670): "Conditions today were tough but actually that was the maximum we could do. The target was to do a 1min 21.7 or 21.8 and we did a 21.6 so that was the most we could get out of the car. The balance was not too bad, but unfortunately the grip level is still very poor. I think we're not particularly quick round here and we have to accept that, but we are still quite close we are to the others."
Adrian Sutil (20th, 1:22.113): "It was a hot, tough qualifying and I am not 100% happy with the session. The tyres did not behave as we expected and I had lots of graining, which meant we couldn't get a good balance out of the car. I decided to run the harder set of tyres in the end for my fastest lap, but at least I didn't get the effects of the graining with them. Overall I'm not that happy, but let's see what happens tomorrow."
Dr. Vijay Mallya, Team Principal: "It would be very easy to say we're on the back row again, but we've been eliminated from Q1 with a BMW, a Honda and a Williams, so clearly this is a very competitive field here yet again. One second from the top 10 shows we're getting closer. Although we have had to revert back to the standard shift box for the weekend, we are very optimistic about running the seamless shift gearbox and look forward to actually racing it in Valencia."
Mike Gascoyne, Chief Technical Officer: "I think we expected to slip back a bit from our closest rivals due to not running the seamless shift, and that proved to be the case. Giancarlo pretty much got the most out of it he could, but unfortunately Adrian couldn't get a decent lap together so was a way off his optimum time. We know our race pace is better than our qualifying pace and although this makes life difficult at this track, we have to get two cars to the end and do a professional job."
Lewis Hamilton (1st, 1:20.899): "The team has done a fantastic job of continually improving the car over the past few weeks, so I'm really proud of what we've achieved today. It's great to have locked out the front row with Heikki - we've been threatening to do it for a number of races, so to achieve it at a track where it's tricky to pass is really satisfying. There's a great harmony within the team at the moment and we really deserved this. I couldn't ask to be in a better position, we've both got good strategies for tomorrow and we'll be challenging for the win."
Heikki Kovalainen (2nd, 1:21.140): "It was difficult to choose the right tyre for the final session and I felt I could have done a slightly faster lap in Q3, but I was a little cautious in Turn Two. Still, we've found a great direction with the car and I've got a great opportunity to win the race tomorrow. It's fantastic to be starting on the front row alongside Lewis. I hope that starting on. the dirty side of the track won't be a disadvantage and I fully expect us to look out for each other in the first corner tomorrow. This result really repays the team for all its efforts over the past few months."
Ron Dennis, Team Principal: "Today's all-Vodafone McLaren Mercedes front row is a fitting tribute to the phenomenal amount of hard work carried out by the whole team in the lead-up to the 2008 Hungarian Grand Prix. We brought to Budapest the developments that were originally destined to be incorporated into our Valencia-spec car, and the signs are that it has been an effective move. A qualifying one-two is a rare and pleasing achievement, so I want to say a big 'thank you' to all the people who worked so hard to make it possible - and that includes everyone in Woking (McLaren), in Brixworth (Mercedes-Benz HighPerformanceEngines) and of course in Stuttgart (Mercedes-Benz). Now we hope to convert our excellent qualifying performance into an equally solid race result."
Norbert Haug, Mercedes Motorsport Director: "A great performance by Lewis, Heikki and our team - a dream and our third pole in a row - one from Heikki, two from Lewis. I hope we will be able to turn our grid positions into a similar result in the race tomorrow."


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Wherein our protagonist's courage leads to a life-changing eventat Wild Goose Creative.
Editor's note: Nix Comics' Ken Eppstein curates and edits this weekly feature. To reach out to Ken to be included in future installments of Sketch in the City, you can email him at firstname.lastname@example.com or hit up his Twitter @nixcomics. Sometimes the genesis of an artistic community can be traced to a key event where people met for the first time. Many local cartoonists remember being introduced to each other at the October 2010 Wild Goose Creative event Katie Valeska describes this week! Visit nextyearsgirl.com for more of Katie's work from 2010. -Ken Eppstein Did you miss the first three strips? Here's the first, second and third.

subset: commoncrawl


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Last year's birthday. Meet Margo, named after her.
I hope you've had a lovely week! It's been a good one here, albeit a little chilly, and I'm really looking forward to this weekend. I'm getting my French exam over and done with (eek!) but then I've got a 4th of July BBQ and my birthday to celebrate. Will told I'll now be in my mid-to-late 20s, but surely 26 is still just 'mid 20s'. Right?
Anyhow, enough rambling, here's what's caught my eye online this week:
Has Facebook been playing with your emotions?
And how to really delete your account.
The wedding of my beautiful friend Sharne.
Doesn't this make you smile.. and want to dance!
My new night-time buddy.
An app to break your smartphone addition.
I'm saving this salad recipe for our next lazy BBQ.
I finished my #100happydays project! Yay!
Our day at Topkapi Palace and Grand Bazaar.
The sweetest ribbon sandals from Uganda.
This dress would be such a good wardrobe staple.
(And Metalicus is another lovely ethical brand!)
If you enjoy reading my blog, you can receive new posts via email. Just enter your email address in the box on the right and voila, you're now a follower. Thank you!


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It seems every time you turn around, another conservative preacher is tearfully apologizing for committing adultery, or another Republican politician is under investigation for committing some crime related to a scandalous affair.
There's Larry Craig, the Republican Senator from Idaho; there's Republican Senator John Ensign of Nevada; then there's the very strange affair of Mark Sanford, the Republican Governor of South Carolina; and among (many) others, now there's conservative crusader Carrie Prejean, who's under fire for a nude video she filmed of herself years ago.
Indeed, it seems that there are as many conservative sex scandals as there are Democrat tax scandals! But why? There may be a clue in the biology and neuroscience of human sexuality.
The renowned psychiatrist, neuroscientist, and brain-imaging specialist, Dr. Daniel Amen may have the answer. In his book, Making a Good Brain Great, Dr. Amen explains that your "sexiest" organ is your brain, that in fact while it may feel genital, sex actually "happens" in your brain. Your right hemisphere, Amen says, is the most associated with sexual feelings and orgasm according to several studies.
Interestingly the same part of your right hemisphere that is most closely associated with sexuality, is the part that lights up the most during brain imaging when you have spiritual or religious feelings. In fact, by stimulating it, scientists have been able to produce feelings of spirituality and "closeness with God" in subjects.
It is also the right hemisphere that is the most visceral, instinctive, and deeply emotional. An overactive right hemisphere may induce you to inappropriately yell "You lie!" during a Presidential speech for instance, or show up to town hall meetings fired up and angry about government excess. It's the part of the brain that is deeply moved by patriotic music and imagery.
Is a picture starting to emerge? Perhaps it's no mistake that conservatives are considered "right-leaning" as they may have more dominant right hemispheres as a group. This is why "conservatives" tend to be more religious than the rest of the population. This graph by the Pew Research Center tells the whole story:
And this might be the very same reason that religious conservatives always seem to be getting themselves caught up in controversial sex scandals. As a group, conservative brains may just tend to be more active in the key center of the brain that controls religious feelings, deep emotions, and yes- sexuality.
Strangely enough, people like Carrie Prejean who are devoutly religious and define themselves as more conservative, may also have a much higher libido and deeper fixation on sexuality than their "less pious" peers, and for the very same reason as they are likely to go to church or pull the level for Republican candidate.
This may also account for other empirical phenomena. Right-hemisphere dominance may interestingly lead "conservatives" to be more warm and empathetic, which is why it is documented that they tend to be more charitable in their alms-giving than "liberals."
It may also be the reason why conservatives are fixated on sex in general. If they're not having it with their mistresses in Argentina on the dime of South Carolina taxpayers, they're still talking about it, worrying about it, and regulating it.
This theory also accounts for the University of Chicago's comprehensive study on American sexuality, The Social Organization of Sexuality, which found that religious women were having better sex than their non-religious peers, and that the more religious and more conservative the women- the better the sex (as measured in orgasms)!
Interesting huh? Of course this is all conjecture, and I am no expert in neuroscience myself. It does however, seem striking and even elegant in its explanatory power doesn't it? The pieces just seem to fit together when you remember that the "God center" in the right hemisphere of the brain is also the "sex center."


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The low light, plus slight underexposure, resulted in just a touch of unwanted noise in the sky and in the shadows - where most noise shows up.
To remove the noise from the image, I used Topaz Lab's DeNoise. Until October 31, you can save 30% on Topaz DeNoise, as well as all Topaz products, by using this code upon checkout for the Topaz Labs web site: rickdenoise.
Like this image? It will be in my next app and ebook: Hey Rick! What's your f-stop. To get on the info list, shoot me an email. Read more about it here.
Speaking of Topaz, I made the image on the right using Topaz Adjust/Spicify filter. The before HDR image is on the left.
Explore the light,
P.S. Thanks to my friend Rob Dweck for taking me to this cool shooting spot!


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1/2" AR500 Steel Target 8" Gong
Regular price
Weight: 7.4 lb
These 1/2" thick AR500 steel targets are made to withstand the most rugged use. Applications include ranges, clubs, law enforcement and whenever magnum caliber rifles are being used. They have been CNC laser cut to yield a minimal heat affected zone. Do not confuse these with cheaper plasma cut targets. Targets include 0.6" mounting holes to accept larger mounting hardware.
Targets may be used for handguns and rifles up to 300 and 338 magnum. Handguns should be used no closer than 10 yards and magnum rifles no closer than 200 yards.
Targets do not ship with chain or mounting hardware.
Targets are shipped unpainted.
Orders over $199.00 ship FREE! (in the lower 48)
We will ship to the address provided as a shipping address. We are not responsible for lost shipping charges due to errors including wrong address, no mail receptacle, and other errors. Should an item be returned it is the customers responsibility to pay additional shipping charges. This of course does not apply to errors by ShootSteel.com or the carrier.
Returns Policy
Returns may be made within 30 days for any reason. We honor returns for used and new products just the same. The refund will only be for the cost of the product. The refund will not include any shipping costs(to customer or return shipping). If the item has "free shipping" the price of shipping is included in the cost of the product. The return for these products will be the total minus the actual shipping costs we paid to send it out.
In a case where you placed an order but later found out there was a discount code the following would apply: If the order is still at the shop we will issue a refund. If the order has shipped in the past 7 days we will issue a store credit. Make sure you have an online account set up before asking for a refund. If you used a discount code on the original order no further discounts will be given. Be sure and check first, we run sales and discount codes all the time.
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iPhone 6s 128GB Space Gray Unlocked
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Like new condition fully functional and ready for activation on any network
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Address: Buffalo New York
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SAFETY INFORMATION: Avoiding Scams - Beware wiring (e.g. Western Union), cashier checks, money orders, shipping - If you do not know the seller never send money in advance! - Deal locally, face-to-face - Never go alone to the meeting! - Always be in a public place for buying & selling, like as Starbucks Coffee or (AppleRider meeting point - Coming soon) - Never ship out of Country! Always check Apple Warranty!
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It is prohibited fake Apple products for sale on our website!
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Template:Cub Scout Tennis/req
From MeritBadgeDotOrg
Mobile Menus: Cub Scouts - Scouts BSA - Venturing - Sea Scouts
Belt Loop Requirements
Complete these three requirements:
- Explain the rules of tennis to your leader or adult partner.
- Spend at least 30 minutes practicing tennis skills.
- Participate in a tennis game.
Sports Pin Requirements
Earn the Tennis belt loop, and complete five of the following requirements:
- Compete in a pack or community tennis tournament.
- Demonstrate your knowledge of the use and care of the equipment needed to play tennis (rackets, balls, shoes, clothing, and court).
- Practice for 30 minutes developing forehand techniques through forehand bump-ups with a bounce, partner bump-ups with a target, forehand alley rally, forehand alley rally over a "net," drop-hit forehand bumps, drop-hit catch in pairs, and toss-hit catch in pairs.
- Practice developing serving skills for 30 minutes.
- Explain to your leader or adult partner how to score in tennis.
- Accurately draw, label, and explain a tennis court layout.
- Play five games of tennis using U.S. Tennis Association rules.
- Participate in a tennis skills development clinic.
- Attend a high school, college, or professional tennis meet.
- Present to your den or family a report on the history of tennis.
Please report any issues with this page.


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The Students have designed some inventions and spoken about the on ustream.
I was impressed by the creativity that went into ideas such as the "ultimate hair brush",
"The Magniball wall" and the "Super Alpaca feeding station". The ability to adapt, change and think in different ways shows that young students are able to move from designing to inventing. Well done.
It takes bit of strength to get up in front of the camera. There is a pause for about 30 seconds while one student gets up the courage to show what they invented.


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Atmospheric Remote Sensing: Instruments
Airborne Excimer Ozone Differential Absorption Lidar (ABDIAL)
Introduction to Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) techniques.
Research applications include:
- Airborne mapping of lower tropospheric ozone and aerosol distributions
- Air pollutant plume and air mass dispersion studies
- Ozone non-attainment studies
Contact: Christoph Senff
Basic Parameters Measured
- Ozone concentration profiles
- Aerosol backscatter
Field Projects
|Project Name
|New England Air Quality Study (NEAQS) 2004
|June-August 2004
|New Hampshire
|New England Air Quality Study (NEAQS)
|July-August 2002
|New Hampshire
|TexAQS (Texas Air Quality Study)
|August-September 2000
|Houston, Texas
|Southern Oxidants Study (SOS) 99
|June-July 1999
|Tennessee Valley
|Southern Oxidants Study (SOS)
|July 1995
|Tennessee Valley
Typical Specifications
|277, 292, 313, 319, 360 nm
|Pulse energy
|5 - 15 mJ / wavelength
|Pulse rate
|20 Hz
|Fixed, down-looking from an airborne platform
|90 m (ozone)
|15 m (aerosol backscatter)
|Minimum range
|0.7 km
|Maximum range
|3.5 km
|Less than 10 ppbv typical
|Casa 212 cargo aircraft
|Laser Type
|Krypton Fluoride with Raman shifting in H2 and D2
|50 cm diameter Newtonian telescope (down-looking)
|Hamamatsu R2055 and R2076 PMT's, gated
|A-to-D converters
|DSP 12-bit 5 MS/s (ozone), 10 MS/s
Alvarez II, R.J., R.M. Hardesty, C.J. Senff, D.D. Parrish, W.T. Luke, T.B. Watson, and P. H. Daum, Intercomparison between in situ and lidar measurements of ozone during the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study, AGU Fall Meeting, F96, San Francisco, California, 15-19 December 1996.


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Questions To Ask Your Surgeon Before You Have Surgery
Questions Before You Decide to Have the Surgery
What type of surgery are you recommending? Why?
Please explain the procedure in as much detail as possible.
What is the natural course of my condition if it is not surgically addressed?
How long will the surgery take?
What are side effects, potential risks and complications?
Please explain the risks and how they relate to me personally.
What if you get in there and see something different than you expected?
Do I need to donate my own blood? If yes, why?
Do you perform the whole procedure? Will any students/other surgeons be doing any parts of the operation? If yes, who are they and what are their qualifications?
Who else will assist you in the operation? What is their background and qualifications?
What are the long-term consequences of the proposed procedure? Does this surgery ever need to be repeated?
Questions About the Surgeon
How many times have you done this procedure?
Are you board-eligible or board-certified?
Are you fellowship-trained in spine surgery?
Questions About What To Expect After the Surgery
What kind of pain should I expect after the surgery and for how long?
How long is the hospital stay?
May a family member spend the night with me in the hospital?
How do you manage the pain in the hospital?
Which pain medications will I be sent home with? What are possible side effects of these prescriptions?
Will you know before the surgery if I will need a back brace afterwards? If so, will I be fitted for one before the surgery?
Who can I call if I have questions after the surgery? What is the process for communication?
How often will I see you after my surgery?
What symptoms would warrant a call to your office?
What symptoms would warrant immediate medical attention?
What limitations will I have after surgery and for how long?
How long will I be out of work?
What kind of help will I need when I return home?
When can I drive again?
When can I resume normal household chores?
What expectations do you have for my recovery?
When is it safe for my partner and me to have sexual relations again?
How soon after the surgery can I start physical therapy?


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Macaroni bolognese
This will be saved to your scrapbook
You can also add it to one of your existing cookbooks
This easy to make recipe is perfect for all the family.
Serves: 4
Olive oil spray
300g essential Waitrose British extra lean minced beef
1 large onion, finely chopped
2 garlic cloves, finely chopped
1 celery stick, finely diced
1 medium courgette, finely diced
150ml red wine
2 carrots, grated
400g can essential Waitrose chopped tomatoes
2 fresh bay leaves
1 tbsp tomato purée
150ml Cooks' Ingredients beef stock
250g essential Waitrose macaroni
2 tbsp essential Waitrose lighter mature grated cheese
1. Spray a large non-stick saucepan with olive oil and cook the mince, onion, garlic, celery and courgette for 10 minutes until lightly coloured. Break up the mince with a wooden spoon.
2. Pour in the red wine and bubble for 2-3 minutes. Add the carrot, tomatoes, bay leaves, tomato purée and stock, and bring to the boil. Turn down the heat, partly cover with a lid and simmer for 20 minutes, stirring frequently.
3. Remove the lid and cook for 15-20 minutes until the mince is tender and the sauce has thickened.
4. Meanwhile, cook the macaroni according to pack instructions and drain. Mix the cooked macaroni with the bolognese and tip into a large ovenproof dish. Scatter with the cheese and grill for 5 minutes, or until golden and bubbling on top.
Typical values per serving:
|Saturated Fat
This recipe was first published in January 2013.


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President Pranab Mukherjee on Saturday revealed that his name was proposed for the post of Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) Chief in the 1980s but he backed out as he has "never held a bat" and put forward the name of N K P Salve in his place.
Delivering the first N K P Salve Memorial Address at Rashtrapati Bhawan, Mukherjee recalled that some people close to him proposed his name for the BCCI President's post in 1982. But he decided against it as he had never played cricket and did not know much about the sport.
"Though I read some literature on cricket and have watched games, I have never held a cricket bat," Mukherjee said, explaining why he declined.
Mukherjee said he then proposed the name of his friend and fellow Congress leader Salve and the suggestion was accepted.
Salve was BCCI President from 1982 to 1985 and India won its first cricket World Cup in 1983 during his tenure. He was also instrumental in bringing the Cricket World Cup to India and Pakistan in 1987. The two countries had jointly hosted the World Cup that year.
Other than his avid interest in cricket and contribution to the game as an administrator, Salve also served as a member of the Lok Sabha twice and of the Rajya Sabha for four terms till 2002.


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NEIC Location
1711 Illinois Street
(on the Colorado School of Mines Campus).
Our mailing address is:
U.S.Geological Survey
National Earthquake Information Center
Box 25046 MS 966
Denver Federal Center
Denver, Colorado 80225-0046
About the NEIC
The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), was established in Rockville, Maryland, in 1966 as part of the National Ocean Survey of the Department of Commerce. The Coast and Geodetic Survey, a forerunner of the National Ocean Survey, had coordinated the collection of seismological data in the United States for many years. The NEIC was transferred to Boulder, Colorado, in 1972 and made part of the U.S. Geological Survey in 1973. The NEIC was moved again in 1974 to its present location in Golden, Colorado.
The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), a part of the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, is located in Golden, Colorado, 10 miles west of Denver. The NEIC has three main missions. First, the NEIC determines, as rapidly and as accurately as possible, the location and size of all significant earthquakes that occur worldwide. The NEIC disseminates this information immediately to concerned national and international agencies, scientists, critical facilities, and the general public. Second, the NEIC collects and provides to scientists and to the public an extensive seismic database that serves as a solid foundation for scientific research, principally through the operation of modern digital national and global seismograph networks and through cooperative international agreements. The NEIC is the national data center and archive for earthquake information. Third, the NEIC pursues an active research program to improve its ability to locate earthquakes and to understand the earthquake mechanism. These efforts are all aimed at mitigating the risks of earthquakes to mankind; and they are made possible by the fine international cooperation that has long characterized the science of seismology.
The NEIC operates a 24-hour-a-day service to determine the location and magnitude of significant earthquakes in the United States and around the world as rapidly and accurately as possible. This information is communicated to federal and state government agencies who are responsible for emergency response, to government public information channels, to national and international news media, to scientific groups (including groups planning aftershock studies), and to private citizens who request information. When a damaging earthquake occurs in a foreign country, the earthquake information is passed to the staffs of the American embassies and consulates in the affected countries and to the United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs (DHA). The NEIC issues rapid reports for those earthquakes with magnitudes at least 3.0 in the eastern United States, 3.0 in the western United States, or 5.0 (or are known to have caused damage) anywhere else in the world. At the present time, the NEIC staff locates and publishes approximately 30,000 earthquakes on a yearly basis. These are the most important of the many million earthquakes which are estimated to occur each year.
The NEIC collects data through the operation of national and global networks, and through cooperative agreements. To enable the detection and location of all felt earthquakes with the U.S., the NEIC acts as the National Operations Center of the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS), a cooperative venture between the NEIC and the operators of the regional seismic networks across the United States. The NEIC also relies on the cooperation of a variety of seismic reporting networks throughout the world to gather data. The NEIC also collects non-instrumental reports of the effects of earthquakes on people and man-made structures and prepares isoseismal maps showing the distribution of intensities in widely felt or damaging shocks.
The data that are collected by the NEIC are published in a variety of formats and publications and are available electronically via the Internet. The "Quick Epicenter Determinations" (QED), a very preliminary list of earthquakes, is computed daily. The "Preliminary Determination of Epicenters" (PDE) is published weekly and monthly. The "Earthquake Data Report" (EDR), also a monthly publication, provides additional and more detailed information, mainly for the use of seismologists.
A wide range of research is also conducted at the NEIC. Investigations range from resolving the internal structure of the Earth and understanding the mechanics of earthquake rupture through rapid assessment of an earthquake's impact. These research efforts are intended to improve the data service provided by the NEIC to the scientific community and the general public; and, ultimately, to aid in earthquake hazard mitigation.


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The deep south
The frontier between Thailand and Malaysia carves across the peninsula six degrees north of the equator, but the cultures of the two countries shade into each other much further north. According to official divisions, the southern Thais – the Thai Pak Tai – begin around Chumphon, and as you move further down the peninsula into Thailand's deep south you'll see ever more sarongs, yashmaks and towering mosques, and hear with increasing frequency a staccato dialect that baffles many Thais. Here too, you'll come across caged singing doves outside many houses, as well as strange-looking areas spiked with tall metal poles, on which the cages are hung during regular cooing competitions; and you'll spot huge, hump-backed Brahma bulls on the back of pick-up trucks, on their way to bullfights (in the Thai version, beast is pitted against beast, and the first to back off is the loser).
In Trang and Phatthalung provinces, the Muslim population is generally accepted as being Thai, but the inhabitants of the southernmost provinces – Satun, Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat and most of Songkhla – are ethnically more akin to the Malays: most of the 1.5 million followers of Islam here speak a dialect of Malay and write Yawi, an old modification of Arabic script to reflect Malay pronunciation. To add to the ethnic confusion, the region has a large urban population of Chinese, whose comparative wealth makes them stand out sharply from the Muslim farmers and fishermen.
The touristic interest in the deep south is currently all over on the beautiful west coast, where sheer limestone outcrops, pristine sands and fish-laden coral stretch down to the Malaysian border. Along Trang's mainland coast, there's a 30km stretch of attractive beaches, dotted with mangroves and impressive caves that can be explored by sea canoe, but the real draw down here is the offshore islands, which offer gorgeous panoramas and beaches, great snorkelling and at least a modicum of comfort in their small clusters of resorts. An added attraction is the recently introduced, scheduled boat services which have set up the intriguing possibility of island-hopping: it would now be possible to work your way down from Phuket as far as Penang without setting foot on the peninsula. The spread of tourism outwards from Phuket has been inching its way south down this coast for some time, but for now, apart from the tiny, remote but overcrowded honeypot of Ko Lipe, the islands remain largely undeveloped.
Brief history
The central area of the Malay peninsula first entered Thai history when it came under the sway of Sukhothai, probably around the beginning of the fourteenth century. Islam was introduced to the area by the end of that century, by which time Ayutthaya was taking a firmer grip on the peninsula. Songkhla and Pattani then rose to be the major cities, prospering on the goods passed through the two ports across the peninsula to avoid the pirates in the Straits of Malacca between Malaysia and Sumatra. More closely tied to the Muslim Malay states to the south, the Sultanate of Pattani began to rebel against the power of Ayutthaya in the sixteenth century, but the fight for self-determination only weakened Pattani's strength. The town's last rebellious fling was in 1902, after which it was definitively and brutally absorbed into the Thai kingdom, while its allies, Kedah, Kelantan and Trengganu, were transferred into the suzerainty of the British in Malaysia.
During World War II the Communist Party of Malaya made its home in the jungle around the Thai border to fight the occupying Japanese. After the war they turned their guns against the British colonialists, but having been excluded from power after independence, descended into general banditry and racketeering around Betong. The Thai authorities eventually succeeded in breaking up the bandit gangs in 1989 through a combination of pardons and bribes, but the stability of the region soon faced disruption from another source, a rise in Islamic militancy.
The troubles: 2004 to the present
Armed resistance to the Thai state by Muslim separatists had fluctuated at a relatively low level since the 1960s, but in early 2004 the violence escalated dramatically. Since then, there have been thousands of deaths on both sides in the troubles, and barely a day goes by without a fatal incident of one kind or another. The insurgents have viciously targeted Buddhist monks, police, soldiers, teachers and other civil servants, as well as attacking a train on the Hat Yai–Sungai Kolok line and setting off bombs in marketplaces, near tourist hotels and bars and at Hat Yai airport. Increasingly, they have attacked other Muslims who are seen to be too sympathetic to the Thai state.
Often writing the militants off as bandits, the authorities have stirred up hatred – and undermined moderate Muslim voices – by reacting violently, notably in crushing protests at Tak Bai and the much-revered Krue Se Mosque in Pattani in 2004, in which a total of over two hundred alleged insurgents died. Meanwhile, the army has "subcontracted" much of its work to rangers, untrained village militias, thus inflaming the situation further and deepening the ethnic divide. In 2005, the government announced a serious state of emergency in Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat provinces, and imposed martial law here and in southern parts of Songkhla province. This, however, has exacerbated economic and unemployment problems in what is Thailand's poorest region.
A large part of the problem is that a wide variety of shadowy groups – with names like the Pattani Islamic Mujahideen, the Barisan Revolusi Nasional-Coordinate and Runda Kumpulan Kecil – are operating against the government, generally working in small cells at village level without central control. Rather than religious issues, the most likely causes of their militancy are ethnic grievances: prejudice, lack of opportunity and disempowerment, accompanied by resentment towards not only Thais but also the remote and corrupt Muslim elite. However, it's unclear exactly who they are or what they want and, faced with such shifting sands, all attempts to broker a ceasefire have failed.
The deep south
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text:
The Department of English
Whether it's in a great work of literature, a legal document, or a well-written article, language is one of the most powerful tools at the disposal of educated people. At Baruch, the discipline of English helps students unlock this potential through the study of a broad range of fields that includes literature, creative writing, literacy and rhetorical studies, linguistics, cultural inquiry, and film.
Fall 2019 Upper-Divison Courses
Spring 2019 Upper-Division Courses
Small class size at all levels of the program allows you to participate fully and receive thorough feedback on your written work.
Archived Addison Gayle Memorial Lectures.
With advanced training in English long recognized as a strong preparation for careers in business, law, medicine, teaching, and all varieties of writing, this course of study is universally recognized as an ideal "pre-professional major"— one that opens career possibilities in legal, educational, publishing, public relations, and community service fields, as well as providing thorough preparation for graduate study in PhD, MBA, and JD programs. Our program develops analytical thinking, research, and communication skills in addition to providing a firm grounding in the significant texts of an increasingly globalized culture.
Our large, dynamic, and distinguished faculty makes us one of the strongest and most diverse departments on campus. Within the University, English faculty have received the full range of individual awards for excellence in teaching, scholarship, and service. English Department faculty members have also won major external prizes, fellowships, and awards.
We welcome your interest and invite you to explore the many possibilities and opportunities that await students within the Department of English.
7th Floor, Room VC 240
Phone: 646-312-3910
Fax: 646-312-3911
Baruch College, Box B7/240
New York, NY 10010
- For Students
- Declare a Major
- Declare a Minor
- Academic Appeals Forms
- General Information
- Faculty/Staff Directory
- Weissman Site Map
- About this Site


text:
We designed a holder, incorporating one of our 1" dia. rare-earth magnets, that is low profile and has a 1/4" cross-drilled hole to accept hooks. The holder also has a 1" split ring to hold thicker cord or hooks. The holding strength depends on the direction of pull and the thickness of steel you are attaching it to. It will take a 30 lb direct pull off 1/8" steel plate and a still respectable 10 lb pull at a 45° angle off common truck-box steel, which is usually 0.045" thick.
The 1-1/8" dia. base is covered with a soft, high-friction disc that makes it non-marring in use. The holders are chrome plated.
Made in Canada.


text:
The Access Consciousness hands-on Body Processes are a unique set of energies that contribute to returning your body back to its natural state of self-healing. They are a contribution not only to the person who is receiving the process, but also to the person performing the process. When these processes are being run, they create an energy that can permeate a room. Now imagine a room with multiple pairs of people performing various hands-on Body Processes at the same time and for 3 days? Welcome to the Access 3-day Body Class.
You have to have consciousness with your body or it doesn't change it totally. Without consciousness you will buy physically into the limitations that other people call reality.Gary Douglas
In this class, you will receive a manual with over 55 of the Access Consciousness hands-on Body Processes and spend 3 days giving and receiving these processes. In this distinctive class environment, you and your body are able to receive not just the processes run by you and your partner, but also those being run elsewhere in the room.
The Access 3-day Body Class is facilitated by an exceptional range of gifted and knowledgeable people. During class, they share insights about bodies and the processes. They also use the Access Consciousness verbal clearings with whatever is occurring in class and to assist the changes possible with the processes. Each class and each facilitator's insights are unique.
People have said they have attended multiple classes and received something new each time. Attending a 3-day Body Class, people have reported that they have; stepped out of the judgment of them and their bodies, lessened pain, changed body size, changed their lives and laughed more.
One of your body's greatest talents is its ability to receive. What if it could be one of your greatest talents too?
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Ние НЕ проследяваме твоя IP адрес, нито използваме анализи, пиксели или бисквитки за целева реклама. Ако ни харесваш, просто ела пак и отново ни посети онлайн!


text:
Concert-Goers Can Download Interactive Festival Guide To Memory Cards, Then Wake Up Their Phones With Festival-Related Music and Video
MILPITAS AND SAN DIMAS, CALIFORNIA, July 9, 2007 - SanDisk® Corporation (NASDAQ:SNDK), the leader in flash memory cards for mobile phones, and Guerilla Union, the producers of the 2007 ROCK THE BELLS critically acclaimed world class hip-hop events July 28 at Randall's Island, New York; August 11 at the Hyundai Pavilion at Glen Helen in San Bernardino, CA; and August 18 at McCovey Cove Parking Lot (near AT&T Park) in San Francisco plus eleven other dates-are exploring an innovative new experience for concert-goers at the aforementioned happenings.
The two companies have launched a web site at http://www.guerillaunion.com/SanDisk where fans and festival attendees can download a selection of rich multimedia content about the festivals and the performers. The site offers instructions for copying the content to a memory card, such as a SanDisk microSD™ card, which can be inserted in a multimedia-capable mobile phone.
Among the material expected on the site: performance schedules for each major festival date; background on the featured artists performing at the festivals; Guerilla Union wallpaper, maps of each event site; video interviews with selected artists; vintage articles, performance videos; and event photos.
"Mobile phones have become a major part of our lifestyles, so we are enabling artists to enhance their connection with fans before, during and after events through multimedia content they can store on memory cards in their phones." said Chang Weisberg, the founder of Guerilla Union. "This could change the way fans interact at entertainment events like Rock The Bells, because they will have a more personal way to connect with the artists - watching recorded interviews, checking out music videos, and listening to new music tracks - all on their phone."
"Our partnership with Guerilla Union puts SanDisk in a great position to help fans do something new and different with their multimedia phones at this year's Rock The Bells events," said Jeff Kost, vice president and general manager of the Mobile Consumer Solutions division at SanDisk. "Expanding the storage space on their phone by using a memory card transforms the phone into a mini-media center. Fans can enjoy artists' digital content, and still have plenty of space to take photos or shoot their own videos, making the event even more memorable."
VIP ticket buyers at Rock The Bells will get a bonus: a SanDisk microSD memory card, the world's smallest storage card for mobile phones and the most common format for phones with card slots. The card will be pre-loaded with a schedule for private "meet and greet" sessions with Rock The Bells performers, Guerilla Union mobile-phone wallpaper and a special 60-second music video created by SanDisk and Guerilla Union featuring Hip Hop artists Supernatural and Chali 2na. The video can also be viewed at: www.sandisk.com/rtb_video
At Rock The Bells on August 11, at the Hyundai Pavilion at Glen Helen in San Bernardino, SanDisk will place electronic kiosks in the VIP area of the festival. VIP ticket holders will be able to insert their microSD cards into the kiosks to download the interactive festival guide and additional multimedia content on the spot.
Mobile phones are an ideal platform to enhance the concert experience with rich multimedia content, since an increasing number of phones can play music, display photos and run video clips. Removable flash memory cards are the only way to deliver this depth today, because mobile phones don't offer sufficient embedded storage capacity, and wireless networks are currently too slow to deliver high-quality music and video in real time.
The microSD cards supplied by SanDisk at the Rock The Bells festivals will come with miniSD™ and standard SD™ adapters, making the cards compatible with all types of SD slots on mobile phones.
The interactive guide is part of a broader agreement between SanDisk and Guerilla Union, which includes SanDisk's title sponsorship of Rock The Bells festivals and concerts nationwide. This year's Rock The Bells festivals in New York, San Bernardino, CA and San Francisco features performers Rage Against The Machine, Wu-Tang Clan, Cypress Hill, The Roots, Mos Def, EPMD, Sage Francis, Jedi Mind Tricks, Immortal Technique, special guests Public Enemy and more.
About Guerilla Union
Guerilla Union is a manic collective of like-minds committed to the advancement of art, music, culture and technology. Guerilla Union's mission is to create experiential platforms, unique content and provide services that develop artists and their communities.
About SanDisk
SanDisk is the original inventor of flash storage cards and is the world's largest supplier of flash data storage card products, using its patented, high-density flash memory and controller technology. SanDisk is headquartered in Milpitas, California, and has operations worldwide, with more than half its sales outside the U.S.
Guerilla Union's web site/home page address: http://www.guerillaunion.com
Rock The Bells' web site/home page address: http://www.rockthebells.net
SanDisk's web site/home page address: http://www.sandisk.com
SanDisk's product and executive images can be downloaded from http://www.sandisk.com/about-sandisk/media-kit.aspx
SanDisk and the SanDisk logo are trademarks of SanDisk Corporation, registered in the U.S. and other countries. microSD, miniSD and SD are trademarks. Other brand names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective holder(s).
|MEDIA CONTACT: SanDisk Corporation
Mike Wong
(408) 801-1240
|Guerilla Union
Alexandra Greenberg of MSO PR
818-380-0400 x223


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Frequently Asked Questions
We get asked many questions during the Admissions process. So we're listing the answers here in case you're curious, too.
What classes do I need to take before applying?
We require that candidates for first-year admission have:
- 4 years of English
- 3 years of mathematics; at least algebra, geometry and advanced algebra
- 2 years of a foreign language; 3 preferred
- 2 years of science; at least one laboratory science
- 2 years of social studies; one of which being U.S. history
What application does Saint Mary's accept?
We only accept online application through the https://www.commonapp.org/.
What transcripts are required to be submitted for the application?
Applicants are required to submit official transcripts for all secondary schools (high schools) attended. Additionally, official transcripts are required for all colleges and/or universities the student has attended, whether the term was completed or not.
What tests are required to be submitted for the application?
Official reports of test scores should be sent directly to the Undergraduate Admissions Office from the testing service.
- Saint Mary's will accept either the SAT or the ACT. The ACT writing assessment is optional. The highest SAT Critical Reading, Writing, and Math scores, even if taken on different test dates, will be used. The highest ACT English, Reading, Math and Science Reasoning sections will be used, even if taken on different test dates. SAT II is not required.
- The SAT school code for Saint Mary's is 004675 and for the ACT it is 0386.
What is the middle-50% high school grade point average (GPA) range for accepted students?
For the freshman class accepted for fall 2015, the middle-50% grade point average was 3.4 - 3.9.
What is the middle-50% range for SAT I scores?
For the freshman class accepted for fall 2015, the middle-50% SAT I scores were: Critical Reading: 510-610; Math: 500-610 Writing: 510-610.
How many students are in your typical freshman class?
What percentage of the student body comes from out-of-state?
What is the male to female ratio?
41% male to 59% female
What is the percentage of International students?
2%, 31 countries
What percentage of the undergraduate student body is made up of students of color?
57%. African American = 7%, Asian-American = 20%, Hispanic/Latino = 26% and Native American = 3%
Do I have to be Catholic to attend Saint Mary's?
No. 54% of our students identify themselves as Catholics, while many choose to pursue faiths of other denominations.
What is the postmark application deadline for freshmen? For transfers?
- Freshmen:
Priority (non-binding), Nov. 15
Regular, Jan. 15
- Transfers:
For Spring Term, Jan. 1 (same year as the entering term)
- For Fall Term, July 1 (Jan 15- priority financial aid consideration)
What is Saint Mary's deferrment policy?
Students may defer first-year admissions for up to one calendar year immediately following acceptance, provided that they do not attend other collegiate institutions during that interim. Please complete the reactivate form to defer your admission.
What is the average class size of all traditional undergraduate courses?
19 students
What is the traditional student-to-faculty ratio?
13 to 1
What are the five most popular majors among the undergraduate student body?
Business Administration, Communication, English, Psychology, and Accounting.
Do graduate students teach classes?
No. In fact, 91% of our full-time faculty have the highest degree in their respective field.
Where can I study abroad?
You can study abroad in Argentina, Australia, China, England, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, South Africa and Spain. Students have the option to study during the summer, fall or spring terms. Participating in a SMC program will enable you to receive academic credit directly from Saint Mary's and retain California state grants along with the rest of your financial aid. The College also conducts a variety of travel courses during the January Term.
Residence Life and Housing
Is on-campus housing guaranteed?
Students are required to live on campus their freshman year. Housing is guaranteed for the sophomore year, but students may live off-campus if they wish. For the junior and senior years, housing is awarded based on a lottery system.
How is the food?
Catering is provided by Sodexo Food Service. They offer a wide variety of foods to meet any student's needs. You can also purchase flex dollars for use at all campus retail food outlets and Oliver Hall.
What are the residence halls like?
All of our freshmen residences are located on the central campus. Residences may be singles, doubles or triples and are coed by building (single-sex floors). All rooms are WiFi ready. Check out our Virtual Tours of Campus Housing!
Student Life
Is it easy to get involved?
Since Saint Mary's is a residential college, there is a strong on-campus community. The Student Government, clubs and dorms sponsor parties, movies, comedy nights, dances and dinners. There are more than 40 clubs on campus ranging from the Pre-Law program to the Black Student Union. Campus Ministry and CILSA coordinate volunteer opportunities throughout the Bay Area.
Is there an Athletic program?
The Gaels compete at the NCAA Division I level in 17 different sports, and we have outstanding intramural and club sport programs in men's and women's sports.
Who are the Christian Brothers?
The Christian Brothers are the world's largest Catholic order devoted exclusively to teaching. In 1868 the order assumed direction and ownership of the College, and has guided the College ever since.
Financial Aid
What percentage of the student body receives financial aid?
75% of our undergraduates receive financial aid from a variety of sources. Federal Pell Grants, Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants, Federal Perkins Loans and Federal Stafford Student Loans are often part of an applicant's financial aid package.
What is the average financial aid package?
How do I apply for Financial Aid?
Applicants must file the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) online at fafsa.ed.gov. There is no fee associated with the FAFSA. California residents who wish to apply for Cal Grants A and/or B must also ask their high school to fill out the California Student Aid Commission's GPA Verification Form (pdf).
When is the financial aid deadline?
The priority deadline for all financial aid forms is Feb. 15.
For more information, please visit our Financial Aid Office website.
Have more questions? Don't hesitate to reach out to our office at 925-631-4224 or firstname.lastname@example.com


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As long as I've lived in Evergreen, and that's 28 years now, there has been an upside and a downside to being unincorporated. The upside is simple to see: We don't have an additional layer of government, nor do we bear the costs of one. There are so many generous, committed, civic-minded citizens and nonprofits here that we don't usually need a mayor or a council.
Maybe they just got tired of being called the new conservative majority.
How else can you explain school board members Ken Witt, John Newkirk and Julie Williams voting to pay, including performance incentives, new superintendent Daniel McMinimee almost 40 percent more than his predecessor and to give him a five-year contract despite the fact that he's never been a superintendent before? The decision doesn't meet any definition of conservative I've ever heard.
Board majority disregarding community
Parents and citizens of Jefferson County ought to feel outraged at the recent actions of the new majority members of the school board. Let's see. What's happened so far this year?
• A decision to provide all-day, paid kindergarten at Lasley Elementary in Jeffco is on the chopping block, something parents and community members of this county had already voted on and approved.
Just because it's legal doesn't mean it's right. Or, perhaps more importantly, smart.
When the Jefferson County Board of Education designated Daniel McMinimee as the sole finalist to serve as the new superintendent of schools, it met the requirements of Colorado law. What the board — or, more specifically, the board's majority of Ken Witt, John Newkirk and Julie Williams — didn't do was to learn from earlier miscues that how you do things is just as important as what you do.
The 69th General Assembly completed its work last week and adjourned. There was considerably less acrimony than in the previous two years, and a variety of important issues made their way successfully through the process. During closing remarks Wednesday night just before the Senate adjourned, Minority Leader Bill Cadman of Colorado Springs went out of his way to praise Senate President Morgan Carroll for the way the Senate handled its work in 2014 in a more bipartisan fashion than had been the case in previous years.
"Follow him to hell!"
One of the more memorable things from my four springs as a student at Colorado State University was the annual pilgrimage to Fort Collins by a street preacher named Jed. Jed would place himself on the wall between the Social Sciences Building and the library and, at the top of his lungs, harangue any student in earshot about the terrible choices we were all making and the inevitable consequences of our transgressions.
I'm no union guy. I think the unions have generally outlived their usefulness in our country, and that's why only about 11 percent of American workers are union members, compared to nearly one-third in the early '70s. Today the majority of union members are employees in the public sector, where the relationship between employer and employee has always been more contractual than relational.
By Lesley Dahlkemper
School Board President
This article may sound like I'm bashing the President or taking political sides, which would violate my "View From the Middle" look at politics, but honestly, that's not how it is intended.
A fellow editor recently referred to me as an "excrement magnet"— and those of you familiar with editors know that this phrase has been modified for a family-friendly publication. I have found myself at ground zero for stories ranging from the JonBenet Ramsey slaying to the school shootings at Columbine and Platte Canyon high schools and Deer Creek Middle School.
Now that we've had a couple of weeks to digest election results, I find myself with observations about what we've seen and will see at all levels of government.
On a federal level, I'm hopeful that now President Obama has won another term and will never run for re-election again, that we'll find the necessary cooperation between the president and Congress to avert the fiscal cliff in the next few weeks and to address important issues more constructively going forward.
While there are many opinions about how we should educate our children in Jefferson County, we can all agree on one underlying principle — we care about our children, and we want the best for them.
Jeffco schools have struggled over the last three years to manage more than $60 million in state funding cuts without hurting kids. We have reduced costs, closed under-enrolled schools, trimmed staff, streamlined administration and cut compensation.
When Abraham Lincoln took to the podium on March 4, 1861, to deliver his first inaugural address, his country stood on the threshold of war. The divisions that had festered since the founding era now threatened to erupt into open conflict over the issue of slavery.
Yet Lincoln, who was far from neutral on the great question of his time, chose to use this occasion to sound a peaceful note.
Eight years later, it was an altered scene at Evergreen's downtown traffic light, where 15 people gathered to remember the ongoing war in Iraq. Although we were standing on the same bridge, we felt distant from those driving by. Now most of them are on their cell phones. The mood as indicated by friendly waves, while mostly apathetic, continues to tally overwhelmingly in favor of ending this long and fruitless war. There were the usual one or two head shakes.
Facing severe budget problems if the legislature agrees to Gov. John Hickenlooper's proposed budget, the Jefferson County School District took a new and dramatic approach to cutting its budget. A budget summit with representatives of the Board of Education, the teachers union, the classified employees association, the administrators' association and district leadership spent a weekend with a federal mediator and came up with a $40 million reduction plan that has pain for everyone.
More safety measures needed for boating at Evergreen Lake
I read your incredible story with pictures of the Hunter family and their grandchildren about to drop off the dam. Also a plea from Dan Markey for greater safety in using the boats. This family was very fortunate that calm heads were present. I would certainly think that safety would be the most important factor in the use of boats on the lake.
Bob Smith — you know that name. You may not be sure from where or how many of them you actually know. Idledale boasts Robert Rainsford Smith, and I use his middle name to distinguish him, although surely his long and prolific career as a studio potter has done that already.
People in civilized societies understand that we have collective needs that can be met only through the coordinated efforts of citizens. Many of those collective needs are met through the activities of governments. We expect our federal, state, local and special-district governments to do things that it makes no sense to do individually. We drive on public roads. We get water and dispose of wastewater through governmentally owned utilities. We educate our children in public schools. We protect our homes and businesses through governmental fire departments.
Sometimes I wonder whether we use the right nomenclature to describe the basic political divide in America. We see "liberals" on this side and "conservatives" on that side, with Democrats generally representing the former and Republicans the latter.
But a compelling case can be made that the political landscape is really more sensibly divided into those who believe government should have a limited role (libertarians) and those who prefer government to have a more active role (statists).
Copyright © 2019
Canyon Courier is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Evergreen, Colo, and the surrounding area.


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The situation is as follows:
After a college alumni event, old classmates are all sitting in a roundtable to discuss which restaurant they should go to eat that night. There are total of 8 guys and 8 girls. As one guy asks, "Where should we eat?" others reply, "I don't care", "I don't mind. Anything is good", or "Whatever you want, man". For few rounds, nobody brings an opinion on where they want to dine in, except to leave comments such as, "I'm so hungry. I can eat a horse now".
Then, Peter stands up and say "Let's go to XXX. They have really nice foods and the prices are reasonable. We have to check this place out. I can guarantee you'll all love it!! Let's go!"
Question: What's the best word or expression to describe Peter's personality or the act of what Peter just did (made an opinion amongst a group in assertive manner) in this situation?
Example: decisive, assertive, charismatic
COMMENT: Please suggest me if you have any slang that fits in this context.


text:
Selective coordination generally describes the design of an electrical system in which the upstream protective device (fuse or circuit breaker) nearest to the system fault clears the fault without affecting the protective devices that are upstream from it. Figure 1 (click here to see Fig. 1) illustrates this concept, where a fault is seen on a feeder circuit breaker in a panel. In this example, the fault on the feeder serving panel (M) is protected by circuit breaker (L). With proper action, this will not trip protective devices (G), (E), or (A) upstream — and the fault is contained so that buses (B) and (H) are unaffected, as are the panels marked (N).
Reviewing a typical protective device trip curve (click here to see Fig. 2), it can be divided into three regions. First is the "instantaneous region," which is the region intended to interrupt high-level faults. On a UL breaker (typical molded-case unit), this area operates with no intentional delay. For ANSI-rated breakers, this region may operate with a delay, or may be defeated entirely, within the withstand capability of the breaker.
Next is the "short-time region," which operates in a general range of between three and 30 cycles. The short-time region will cause the breaker to trip at a lower current than the instantaneous region, but acts after a short delay (by definition). This is a feature of many electronic-trip circuit breakers, and is not intentionally provided on standard thermal-magnetic, molded-case units. The final region is the "long-time region," operating in the range of 30 cycles to beyond 8 min. (Fig. 2). This region causes a trip at the trip setting of the circuit breaker (i.e., a 1,600A circuit breaker will trip when the nominal current exceeds 1,600A for significantly more than 8 sec — approximately 60 sec for the breaker shown).
Molded-case breakers
By their nature, breakers are more difficult to selectively coordinate than fuses. Their time current curves are not as smooth, and the tolerances of thermal-magnetic molded-case breakers (as indicated by their trip curves) are not as narrow as those of fuses. (Note that digital-trip units have tighter manufacturing tolerances, indicated by "thinner" curves.) However, they are reusable, reliable, and inherently prevent "single-phasing."
Consider a typical electrical system, again referencing Fig. 1. A 75kVA step-down transformer (F) is serving a 208V emergency receptacle panel (H). Based upon a typical impedance of 2.6%, the available fault current at the secondary terminals of the transformer is more than 7,900A. The typical 250A molded-case secondary circuit breaker (G) will have an instantaneous trip of between five and 10 times the trip rating (depending on the manufacturer, model, and frame), or 1,250A to 2,500A. UL 489 standards allow for a manufacturing tolerance of -20% to +30%, which effectively means that a unit with a 2,500A rated instantaneous trip setting will actually trip instantaneously on a fault somewhere between 2,000A and 3,250A, which accounts for the width of the trip band on the manufacturer's coordination curves. Clearly, this will not easily coordinate in the instantaneous region.
However, selective coordination of circuit breakers is a possibility. In fact, in many cases, breakers that do not appear to selectively coordinate (based solely upon their individual curves) do selectively coordinate in specific pairings. This is possible using the same principle that allows series rating of breakers — dynamic impedance.
Circuit breakers, by their nature, do have current-limiting properties, which are inherently tied to the action of the breaker. When interrupting a fault, the breaker will "blow open," separating its contacts and opening the circuit. This action causes a variable (or dynamic) impedance, which changes the short circuit current of the system, changing the action of the other circuit breakers. This impedance can allow certain pairs of breakers to coordinate to a much higher short circuit level than would be expected if the only available information were the individual protective device curves. The ability of these pairs to coordinate is determined by the manufacturer; therefore, only breakers from the same vendor may be paired, based upon the manufacturer's recommendation.
As the requirements for selective coordination have grown, breaker manufacturers are making information more readily available. This information is being provided in "coordination tables," which are somewhat similar to (although more cumbersome than) the fuse manufacturer coordination ratios. A typical coordination table may indicate that a type QO breaker rated 20A (L) would coordinate with a type LA 200A circuit breaker (G), set to its maximum instantaneous trip of approximately 1,600A, indicating coordination to this level. However, a type LA-MC (mission-critical) 200A main breaker (G) coordinates with a 20A, single-pole, QO-type breaker (L), up to a fault current of 18kA, even though their individual trip curves would indicate coordination only to approximately 2,700A. This is an important and valuable tool in designing a selectively coordinated system.
Unfortunately, these tables do not "reflect" through a transformer. Therefore, although you can see that the 200A mission-critical main circuit breaker coordinates with the downstream QO branch breaker, the QO breaker must also coordinate with the breaker protection on the primary side of the transformer. In the case noted above, the short circuit current seen by the primary of the transformer, based upon a fault on the secondary side of the transformer (commonly known as the "through-fault current") would be approximately 3,400A. Thus, the primary side breaker must be able to hold 3,400A+. In order to accommodate this requirement, it would be necessary to provide a minimum circuit breaker of 225A (mission-critical), which would have an instantaneous trip rating of approximately 4,000A. This is much larger than the typical 125A to 150A molded-case circuit breaker used for protection of a 75kVA transformer.
Electronic-trip and ANSI breakers
Where coordination of molded-case circuit breakers proves to be unwieldy or impossible, there are other options available for selective coordination. These include the use of electronic trip breakers, which can be "trimmed" to provide greater coordination. In certain instances, ANSI-rated breakers will allow the elimination of the instantaneous region of the electronic breakers, which requires the use of 30-cycle-rated (ANSI-rated) switchgear. However, it should be noted that most breakers also have an "instantaneous override," a factory setting that is not adjustable. This will cause the breaker to trip in order to protect itself, at a specified rating, effectively causing an instantaneous trip — regardless of the lack of an instantaneous trip rating.
These methods are more versatile than coordination of the fixed trip curves available for molded-case circuit breakers. Nevertheless, this flexibility comes at a price. Electronic trip circuit breakers are more costly than the molded-case variety, and must be properly set and field maintained to assure the curves in the field match the intent of the drawings. Furthermore, use of 30-cycle (ANSI-rated) equipment requires that items protected downstream be properly braced to withstand a 30-cycle fault, and will likely expose downstream components to greater arc flash energy in the event of an arcing-type fault.
Selective coordination of a system
In addition to the methods described above, there are a few other ways to enhance the ability to selectively coordinate the system. The most important is to minimize the number of "levels" in the path of coordination. Naturally, a coordination path with three protective devices will be easier to design, maintain, and coordinate than a path with six such devices.
One of the easiest ways to reduce these levels is to eliminate main circuit breakers in panel risers. An example of this is a typical emergency lighting riser. In some cases, a 400A riser feeder will be used to feed several emergency lighting panels. Normally, each of these panels would have its own main circuit breaker (typically 100A). By eliminating these breakers, you can eliminate a "level" in the path of coordination. This increases the ability to coordinate the system, but has the drawback of requiring the entire riser to be shut down for service, as the individual panels do not have main protective devices (use of non-automatic main breakers and unfused disconnect switches is limited, as many such devices do not have a sufficient withstand rating for use in these applications). Furthermore, a fault on the panel bus must, by its nature, be protected by the 400A upstream breaker, taking down the entire riser.
In systems with larger fault currents or large transformers, additional levels in the system can quickly force the use of drawout equipment and ANSI breakers. However, the same principles described above still apply. Referring back to Fig. 1, you can assume the fault current at 4,000A main breaker (B) is approximately 45kA, and that circuit breaker (E) is 800A, serving a 500kVA transformer (F). Secondary breaker (G) is 1,600A, and breaker (L) is a 200A feeder serving panel (M). Working backward, you can see how the breaker requirements are affected.
The 500kVA transformer, with an impedance of 5%, has a secondary fault current of 27.8kA and a through-fault current of 12kA. Assuming a sufficient distance to breaker (G) in panel (H) to reduce the available fault current below 22kA — and a further distance to lighting panel (M), which reduces the available fault current at the panel to 5kA — you will need to select a 20A breaker and 200A circuit breaker to be coordinated to a fault level of 5kA. If the lighting panel has standard "QO-VH"-type breakers, breaker (L) will need to be a mission-critical type breaker, which will coordinate to 10kA for 3-pole breakers.
Moving upstream, breaker (G) must also coordinate with breaker (L). This 1,600A breaker needs to remain closed under 5kA of fault current on panel (H). This is relatively easy, given the great difference in sizes. A typical R-frame breaker has an adjustable instantaneous rating of five times the pickup rating of the breaker, or 8,000A, in this case.
However, on the primary of the transformer, breaker (E) does not need to coordinate with breaker (G), as they have the same zone of coverage — but it must coordinate with downstream breaker (L). Because there are no manufacturer tables for testing of breakers through a transformer, you must select a breaker that can carry an instantaneous current of 2.1kA, which is the 5kA fault current at breaker (L) reflected onto the primary of the transformer. Again, the standard 800A breaker (in this case M-frame) is adjustable from five to 10 times the pickup rating of the breaker, for a minimum setting of 4,000A, which will easily clear a 2.1kA fault.
Finally, 4,000A breaker (A) must coordinate with breaker (E). This is a somewhat more difficult coordination, as the available fault current at both breakers is known to be 45kA. This will require a power-type circuit breaker (Type NW, for example). This breaker has no instantaneous override, and can withstand a fault current of 65kA, without tripping.
Ground fault protection
One last concern in coordination of systems is ground fault protection. The NEC requires ground fault protection for systems between 150V and 600V to ground, for all electrical services rated 1,000A and above (per 230.95). For health care systems, at least two levels of ground fault protection are required (per 517.17). It is required that this ground fault protection be coordinated within the system.
Normally, the phase curves are coordinated, and the ground fault curves are coordinated separately. However, in cases where a protective device does not have a ground fault trip sensor, a ground fault on its load side will be treated the same as a phase fault. Therefore, it's imperative the phase trip curve be coordinated with the upstream ground fault protection. As the trip setting for ground fault protection is limited to 1,200A by NEC requirements, coordination with the downstream phase trip curve will require that the delay setting of the ground-fault protective device be adjusted to coordinate with the downstream breaker.
Often, the ground-fault short circuit current available on a 20A feeder circuit is sufficient to trip the ground-fault protection of a building main circuit breaker, which makes it imperative that the ground-fault sensors be properly set up to assure selective coordination.
In summary
Selective coordination is an important part of designing emergency electrical systems. Full compliance with the selective coordination requirements of the NEC is mandatory in most jurisdictions. Although there are often tradeoffs with other safety considerations, the latest version of the Code makes it clear that selective coordination is of paramount importance in life safety, critical emergency, and critical operations power systems.
Although this can be achieved in several ways, it's important to remember that changes to systems made to achieve selective coordination will affect how they behave in other ways most notably, the available arc flash energy calculated on the system. The more drastic the method used to accommodate selective coordination requirements, the more likely the solution will have a negative effect on the arc flash energy in the system and drive up the cost of the installation. Therefore, you should consider less drastic methods (such as using coordination tables) to maximize the safety and reliability of the electrical system design.
Finally, it's imperative that ground fault coordination be considered in all cases where selective coordination is a requirement, especially in cases where an upstream breaker has ground fault protection and the downstream breaker does not. Without this key piece, a seemingly minor downstream event could cause the entire electrical system to fail.
Medich, P.E., is a senior electrical project engineer with Ballinger in Philadelphia. He can be reached at [email protected].
Sidebar: Code Requirements
Selective coordination is required by the NEC for the following systems:
- Elevators (620.62)
- Emergency systems (700.27)
- Legally required standby systems (701.18)
- Critical and life safety systems & equipment (517.17(B) — also requires selective coordination of ground-fault equipment
- Critical operations power systems (708.54)
Sidebar: How Does Selective Coordination Affect Arc Flash?
Arc flash energy is directly related to the available fault current and directly proportional to the arcing time. Therefore, changing the trip characteristics of a protective device will affect the arc flash energy available on the load side of that device.
As discussed in this article, the goal of selective coordination is to ensure that a fault downstream of a branch breaker does not trip an upstream device, causing a cascading, widespread outage. In order to accomplish this, you usually need to ensure that the upstream breaker will not trip in the instantaneous region for a fault on the load side of a branch breaker (i.e., for a 20A branch with a fault capacity on its load side of 1,500A, you need the upstream "main" to carry 1,500A without tripping in the instantaneous region. This would typically be accomplished by a standard 200A main circuit breaker). However, if the available fault is above 1,500A, you would need a larger "main" breaker. This larger breaker would react more slowly to a fault on the bus ahead of the branch breaker; therefore, it would cause the arc flash energy available from a bus fault to rise.
This increase in arc flash energy could be somewhat mitigated by using the proper breaker pair (where available) from the manufacturers' dynamic impedance tables. This would account for the slower action of the main breaker due to the dynamic impedance of the branch breaker for faults on the load side of that breaker, but still maintain the operation of the main breaker in accordance with its individual rating for a line side fault ahead of the branch breaker (where the dynamic impedance of the branch breaker is not a factor in the operation of the "main"). Naturally, these types of pairs will likely maintain a lower arc flash energy in the system while maintaining the required selective coordination.
Sidebar: Selective Coordination Using Current-Limiting Fuses
Current-limiting fuses are manufactured in such a way that under a high-level fault, the fuse link will melt within the first half-cycle, limiting the amount of fault current in the system to "Ip," which is known as the "let-through" current. Because of this capability, fuse manufacturers are able to publish a set of "fuse coordination ratios," which will guarantee selective coordination at any fault level. The fuse ratios are anywhere between 1.5 and 8-to-1, depending upon the type of fuses used, with type RK5 time-delay fuses having the lowest ratio when used upstream, and the highest ratio when used downstream, due to their time delay properties. Conversely, fast-acting fuses (type L, for example) have higher ratios when used upstream and lower ratios when used downstream.


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"He began to resent me due to painful ear drops to fix an infection. I would return from work and he would run from me! Now the ears are better I wanted to do something to show my gratitude for his putting up with my torture. Rufus loves boxes as all cats do so this is what I made for him!"
To see the Making Of video for Rufus's Cat Castle, visit The Daily What!
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