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New Lawn Installation
Pearl's Premium is an excellent choice for new lawns.
Simplified Instructions for New Lawns with Pearl's Lawn Seed:
- Install 3" - 4" of good loosened topsoil (ideally with organic compost mixed in)
- Spread an organic fertilizer
- Spread Pearl's Premium lawn seed according to the concentration shown on the back of the bag
- Water in the morning for one month*
- Consider using an organic fertilizer, or compost (1/4")
- Once lawn seed is established, cut 3-4 inches high and always with a sharp lawn mower blade
- Over-seed following season to ensure thickest possible lawn
Detailed Instructions (New Lawn) for the Ultimate Green Lawn:
- Install Topsoil Bed: Install 3" - 4" of good loosened topsoil to provide healthy bed for grass to grown in. If you are ordering soil for delivery, ask for the high quality loam that has been screened for inorganic materials (e.g. rocks, trash) and has organic compost mixed in. Rake to smooth soil
- Add Nutrients: Spread small amount of organic compost, 1/4 inch layer which equals 3/4 cu. yard for every 1,000 sq ft to help start seeds. This fertilizes your lawn for a year and helps keep out future weeds and grubs. Chose organic compost or fertilizer for healthiest living environment.
- Spread Seed at 15 seeds per square inch (at this rate a 5# bag covers 1,000 square feet) or spread extra thick at 25 seeds per square inch (at this rate use 8# to cover 1,000 square feet) to ensure a thick lawn. Apply with a spreader going in two directions at right angles to each other for even spread. Gently rake into soil to just barely be covered.
- Consider Hydro-Seeding: You may want to hire a professional to HYDRO-SEED if you your lawn has substantial slope or your are seeding under doubtful weather conditions (e.g. early/late season frost or late spring/late summer heat). Make sure they add a tackifier (a glue like mixture) to the HYDRO-SEED mix to ensure the seeds stay in place until germination occurs.
- Roll Seeds into Dirt with an empty to 1/4-full roller (no more water than 1/4 to not compact soil). Rolling seeds in for good soil contact is especially important if you have any kind of slope to prevent erosion.
- Water every day (if it does not rain) for 3 weeks in the early morning for 20-30 minutes or whatever length of time that moistens down to one inch. Set up an automatic timer if you cannot do it regularly. In warmer weather or for well-drained soil, water a second time for 20 minutes at 3 pm. Never water after 5 pm in the evening to avoid encouraging fungal disease. After 3 weeks, cut back to watering every 2 days, for the next 2 weeks. Adjust watering for your soil to stay moist but avoid puddling overnight. If you seed in the spring, supplemental watering may be required (for the first year only) during hot summer (or drought) periods. In such cases, water one inch, once per week, in the morning. If you seed in the fall, after one month of watering you can stop watering. Watering to get established is essential but after that watering will actually help the weeds and old grasses more than the Pearl's Premium.
- Over-seed Next Season: Cut with sharp blade when lawn is dry; cut grass in stages, 1/3 of grass height at a time, cutting back to 1" tall; rake away clippings, and over-seed at the same rate or heavier rate to later shade the soil and prevent weeds from starting in June. This second seeding (over-seeding) is very important to help out-compete weeds, cover any bald patches and correct erosion/damage and thicken the lawn. Water for a month (same as above), over-seeding to thicken lawn.
Enjoy your lush organic lawn!
Questions? See our FAQ page.
Need a Lawn Installer? Contact Us for installation
For a copy of these instructions in a printable, pdf format, click here.
*Using the USDA Hardiness Zone Map, Pearl's may need supplemental watering after established in Zones 7-10. Please note that you still should be able to cut back your watering by 75%! Zones 2-6 should water once a week deeply during drought times if possible during the first 18 months until roots are able to tap into natural water and nutrients.


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Church History Lesson 1 (Introduction)
Church History Lesson 2 (Time is Ripe: Part 1)
Church History Lesson 2 (Time is Ripe: Part 2)
Church History Lesson 3 (The Start of The Church)
Church History Lesson 4 (The Life of Jesus)
Church History Lesson 5 (The New Community)
Church History Lesson 6 (The Church at Antioch)
Church History Lesson 7 (The First Council)
Church History Lesson 8 (Paul's Second Missionary Journey)
(Note: generously adopting and lifting from F. F. Bruce's fantastic book: The Spreading Flame.)
The End of the Apostolic Age
Paul spent the winter of A.D. 56-57 in Corinth (Acts 20:2). While there, he wrote a letter to the church in Rome, to prepare them for his planned visit to Rome on his way to Spain:
I planned many times to come to you, but have been prevented until now. I long to see you, so that you and I may be mutually encouraged by each other's faith. God is my witness how constantly I remember you in my prayers at all times. I thank for all of you, because your faith is being reported all over the world. I have seen some fruit as a result of my activity in other parts of the Gentile world, and I should also like to see some among you as well. That is why I am so eager to preach the gospel to you who are at Rome, for I am not ashamed of the gospel. Not that I desire to settle down in Rome, for that would be building on someone else's foundation –the very thing I have avoided doing. From Jerusalem all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ. But now that there is no more place for me to work in these regions. Now, however, I am on my way to Jerusalem in the service of the saints there. So after I have completed this I will go to Spain and visit you on the way. (Summary of Rom. 1:8-26, 15:14-29)As we will see, Paul does make it to Rome, but not until three years had passed, and not as he planned. From Rome, we find that he did head west, but most believe that he did not make it to Spain.
Two obvious questions arise from this letter: First, there is already a significant community of believers in Rome. Where did they come from? And second, who is this other man who laid a foundation in Rome?
As he stated, Paul first set out for Jerusalem, his last visit, arriving in May of 57 along with delegates. (This is spite of being warned [Acts 21:10] by the prophet Agabus who told Paul that he would be bound (arrested) by the Jews in Jerusalem. This Agabus had credibility: you may recall that fifteen years earlier predicted the famine in Jerusalem [Acts 11:27-28]].) Together they bore gifts for the church in Jerusalem. James and the elders welcomed Paul, but there was an undercurrent of a problem. A subtle variant of the old Judiazer issue: while it had been decided by the council that Gentiles did not have to be circumcised or follow Mosaic Law, James was concerned that Paul was also teaching the Jews of the dispersion likewise, and that was not acceptable:
Then they said to Paul: "You see, brother, how many thousands of Jews have believed, and all of them are zealous for the law. 21They have been informed that you teach all the Jews who live among the Gentiles to turn away from Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children or live according to our customs. 22What shall we do? They will certainly hear that you have come, 23so do what we tell you. There are four men with us who have made a vow. 24Take these men, join in their purification rites… (Acts 21:20-24)Paul, always willing to compromise on all but the gospel, went along with the request to prove that he was a law abiding Jew. As we find in his letter to the Corinthians:
To the Jews I became like a Jew, to win the Jews. To those under the law I became like one under the law (though I myself am not under the law), so as to win those under the law. (1 Cor. 9:20).
The Church at RomeThis is no explicit account of the formation of the church at Rome. What we know must be pieced together. We are aided by the fact that, unlike Jerusalem, there has been no breach in continuity of Rome from apostolic days.
Recall that included in the crowd at the feast of Pentecost in A.D. 30 were pilgrims from Rome (Jews, not Gentiles). Since Romans are the only Europeans listed in the account (Acts 2:10) we feel justified in assuming that some of them believed Peter's message and carried the gospel back to the Imperial City. Regardless, all roads lead to Rome, and Paul's missionary journeys had created churches along major arteries which must have resulted in the message being carried to Rome.
The history of Jews in Rome is fascinating. There was a Jewish colony in Rome in the second century B.C. When Pompey (who had battled the rebellious slave Spartacus) captured Palestine for Rome in 62 B.C., he returned with many more Jews who were ultimately set free. Successive Roman emperors safeguarded the rights of the Jews, and at least a handful of synagogues flourished.
Rome, however, had the habit of purging itself of "oriental" incomers, including the Jews. In A.D. 49, Claudius expelled Jews from Rome, and expulsion that included Priscilla and Aquila. Whether it was a literal or an "effective" expulsion is the subject of debate. The historian Dio Cassius (155-?) writes:
As the Jews had again increased in numbers, but could hardly be banished from the city without a tumult because of their great numbers, he [Claudius] did not actually expel them but forbade them to meet in accordance with their ancestral customs.Another writer, the biographer Suetonius (75-160) wrote that "Claudius expelled the Jews from Rome because they were indulging in constant riots at the instigation of Chrestus."
Chrestus was a variant spelling of Christus. Here we may extrapolate that Suetonius, writing seventy years later, mistakenly assumed that this "Chrestus" was a leader of one of the Jewish factions in Rome. In a sense he was right: the rioting was likely between Jews and "Nazarenes". It is probable that Priscilla and Aquila were already Christians when they arrived in Corinth, a theory bolstered by the fact that their conversion is not mentioned in scripture.
Another amazing reference is found a few years after the expulsion, in A.D. 52, when a writer named Thallus describes the preternatural darkness that covered Palestine on the day of Christ's crucifixion. The darkness was attributed to a solar eclipse. That explanation is impossible, since the Passover season falls at a full moon, at which time a solar eclipse can not occur. Even if Thallus was only referring to Christian "stories" of the darkness, it still points out that details of Christ's death were being retold in Rome by the middle of the first century.
In the same year Paul wrote to Rome, Pomponia Graecina, wife of the Roman conqueror of Britain, was charged (later acquitted) with having embraced a foreign superstition. This could not have been Judaism: for Judaism was a legally recognized religion. An embrace of Judaism would have been scandalous but not illegal. Accounts of her lifestyle, which included a withdrawal from Roman society and its idolatrous excesses, have caused many to speculate that the foreign superstition was Christianity.
More evidence of the maturity of the community of Rome comes from the end of Paul's letter, where he sends greetings by name to various Roman believers. This includes a couple named Andronicus and Junias, "my relatives who have been in prison with me. They are outstanding among the apostles, and they were in Christ before I was." He also mentions Rufus "chosen in the Lord, and his mother, who has been a mother to me, too". This Rufus may have been the son of Simon of Cyrene who carried Jesus' cross (Mark 15:21). Paul also greets Priscilla and Aquila who had returned to Rome.
Paul's Circuitous Route to Rome
Paul arrived in Rome around February of A.D. 60, in the custody of Roman "federal marshals." How did this come about? As stated, he under went a purification rite to demonstrate his "Jewishness" to the Nazarenes. However, it was the Jews who were the real problem, and his appearance led to a riot in which he was nearly lynched. Paul had been charged by the Jews in Jerusalem of violating the sanctity of the temple. In particular, he was the victim of a rumor claiming he escorted a Gentile into the inner court of the temple, a crime punishable by death. (Notices in Latin and Greek separated the inner and outer courts, announcing that Gentiles were forbidden to proceed any further, under pain of death.) So serious of a crime was the violation of this edict that Rome even authorized the execution of Roman Citizens for this offense.
"Men of Israel, help us! This is the man who teaches all men everywhere against our people and our law and this place. And besides, he has brought Greeks into the temple area and defiled this holy place." (Acts 21:28)In 1871 one of the warnings (in Greek) was uncovered in Jersualem. It read:
No foreigner may enter within the barricade which surrounds the sanctuary and enclosure. Anyone who is caught doing so will have himself to blame for his ensuing death."When Paul wrote to the church at Ephesus:
For he himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility (Eph 2:14)the metaphor refers to the temple barrier beyond which no Gentile could pass.
Fortunately the commotion caused by Paul was huge, so huge that his summary execution was prevented by a Roman garrison rushed in to secure order. A lengthy litigation followed. Eventually Paul, fearing that the procurator Felix might be inclined to seek favor of the Sanhedrin, exercised his right as a Roman citizen to be tried in Rome. He would spend two years awaiting trial in Rome, enjoying the company of friends such as Luke, Aristarchus, and John-Mark, with whom Paul reconciled.
How Mark arrived in Rome leads us to the question of who laid a foundation in Rome. Since the time of the rift between Paul and Barnabas, Mark (the cause of the dispute) had become attached to the apostle Peter. At some point in the fifties, Peter appears to have launched his own missionary journey, with Mark serving as his chief of staff. It appears most likely that between 55 and 60 Peter reached Rome (ahead of Paul) . When Peter left, Mark stayed behind and recorded his gospel, essentially transcribing what Peter had told the Romans. When Luke visited Roma with Paul, he probably used Mark's writings to help him draw up his own history of Christianity.
Paul's case probably went before prosecutors at the end of A.D. 61, just before the expiration of the statute of limitations. It is likely that Paul was released and left Rome for a period, for Clement of Rome wrote to the church in Corinth (~A.D. 95) that "Paul reached the furthest bounds of the West", which may or may not have meant Spain. Playing phone-tag, when Paul leaves Rome, Peter returns, where he pens 1 Peter, writing from "Babylon" as he puts it, and referring to Mark as his "son" (1 Pet. 5:13). In his epistle, Peter refers to a coming "fiery trial" during which Christians would suffer, not for law-breaking but merely for being Christians. The Christians are susceptible because they can no longer protect themselves as a "sect" of Judaism—they are seen by all as a separate religion one that, unlike Judaism, is an illegal religion. The blind eye being cast by the emperor (now Nero) can open wide at his pleasure.
Adding to the peril of the Christians was that, not only was unstable Nero the emperor, the empress Poppaea was a friend of the Jews which meant an enemy (of sorts) of Christians. This information comes to us via Josephus:
But when I was in the twenty-sixth year of my age, it happened that I took a voyage to Rome... At the time when Felix was procurator of Judea there were certain priests of my acquaintance… whom on a small and trifling occasion he had put into bonds, and sent to Rome to plead their cause before Caesar. … Accordingly I came to Rome, though it were through a great number of hazards by sea; for as our ship was drowned in the Adriatic Sea, we that were in it, being about six hundred in number, swam for our lives all the night; when, upon the first appearance of the day, and upon our sight of a ship of Cyrene, I and some others, eighty in all, by God's providence, prevented the rest, and were taken up into the other ship. And when I had thus escaped… I became acquainted with Aliturius, an actor of plays, and much beloved by Nero, but a Jew by birth; and through his interest became known to Poppea, Caesar's wife, and took care, as soon as possible, to entreat her to procure that the priests might be set at liberty. And when, besides this favor, I had obtained many presents from Poppea, I returned home again. (Josephus, Life, 3).
Rome BurnsIn A.D. 64, Rome was largely destroyed by fire. The fire was probably accidental, but rumors quickly spread. Nero himself as the culprit was the subject of much consideration. This is probably false, and in fact he actively worked to help those who had been devastated by the fire. Nevertheless, he had to deal with the rumors, which he did by redirecting them onto a scapegoat: the Christians. The historian Tacitus wrote:
To dispel the rumor, Nero substituted as culprits, and treated with the most extreme punishments, some people, popularly known as Christians, whose disgraceful activities were notorious. The originator of that name, Christus, had been executed when Tiberius was Emperor, by order of the procurator Pontius Pilatus. But the deadly cult, though checked for a time, was now breaking out again not only in Judea, the birthplace of this evil, but even throughout Rome, where all the nasty and disgusting ideas from all over the world pour in and find a ready following. First, then, those who confessed themselves Christians were arrested; next, on their disclosures, a vast multitude were convicted, not so much on the charge of arson as for hatred of the human race. Mockery of every sort was added to their deaths. Covered with the skins of beasts, they were torn by dogs and perished, or were nailed to crosses, or were doomed to the flames. These served to illuminate the night when daylight failed. Nero had thrown open the gardens for the spectacle, and was exhibiting a show in the circus, while he mingled with the people in the dress of a charioteer or drove about in a chariot. Hence, even for criminals who deserved extreme and exemplary punishment there arose a feeling of compassion; for it was not, as it seemed, for the public good, but glut one man's cruelty, that they were being punished.Note that Tacitus despised the Christians, but nevertheless acknowledged their innocence in the conflagration, their punishment not stemming from guilt as arsonists but rather for "hatred of the human race." Among the brutalities: Nero used Christians as human torches to light his gardens. When Saint Peter's was rebuilt in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, a number of bodies wrapped in linen and placed in stone coffins were discovered. Also uncovered were stone chests filled with ashes and burnt bones—presumably the remains of those burned by Nero.
As for a Christian account, we have Clement of Rome:
But, to pass from the examples of ancient days, let us come to those champions who lived very near to our time. Let us set before us the noble examples which belong to our generation. By reason of jealousy and envy the greatest and most righteous pillars of the Church were persecuted, and contended even unto death. Let us set before our eyes the good Apostles. There was Peter who by reason of unrighteous jealousy endured not one nor two but many labors, and thus having borne his testimony went to his appointed place of glory. By reason of jealousy and strife Paul by his example pointed out the prize of patient endurance. After that he had been seven times in bonds, had been driven into exile, had been stoned, had preached in the East and in the West, he won the noble renown which was the reward of his faith, having taught righteousness unto the whole world and having reached the farthest bounds of the West; and when he had borne his testimony before the rulers, so he departed from the world and went unto the holy place, having been found a notable pattern of patient endurance. Unto these men of holy lives was gathered a vast multitude of the elect, who through many indignities and tortures, being the victims of jealousy, set a brave example among ourselves. By reason of jealousy women being persecuted, after that they had suffered cruel and unholy insults as Danaids and Dircae, safely reached the goal in the race of faith, and received a noble reward, feeble though they were in body. (1 Clement 5:2-6)The "vast multitude" of martyrs referred to by Clement is identified with the "vast multitude" described by Tacitus. Furthermore, it is a natural inference to conclude that both Peter and Paul were martyred at the same time. (Clement's refrain of jealousy is meant as jealousy toward, not by, the apostles and believers. The dangers of jealousy forms the substance of his letter to the Corinthian church.)
Roman Catholic insistence on the continuity of the Roman church back to Peter's preaching at Pentecost in A.D. 30 has at times caused some (Eusibus and Jerome) to favor the notion that Peter arrived in Rome as early as A.D. 42 and launched a twenty-five year episcopate lasting to A.D. 67, but this is very difficult to support. At the beginning of that period, he was known to be in Jerusalem and Antioch, and in A.D 57 when Paul wrote his Roman epistle hid did not greet Peter (so one can infer he was not there) nor does it appear that Peter was present when Paul arrived in custody in A.D. 60. Some Catholic scholars acknowledge this, for example the French scholar Jacques Zeiller writing in 1927:
How long had St. Peter lived in Rome before his martyrdom? Here we must confess an almost complete ignorance. The so-called tradition of the twenty-five years of Peter's episcopate rests on no historic data…of Peter's life in Rome we know for certain only the last act: His martyrdom.No, Peter spent those twenty-five years proclaiming the gospel throughout the provinces, only to arrive in Rome after Nero's ascension to the throne in A.D. 54. Most consistent with the facts is that when Nero became emperor he rescinded the expulsion (five years earlier) of the Jews by his predecessor Claudius and that shortly thereafter Peter arrived (with Mark) and helped reconstitute the Roman church and laying the foundation upon which Paul was hesitant to infringe. The bottom line is that Nero was already the emperor when Peter arrived in Rome.
A Roman presbyter by the name of Gaius wrote (~A.D. 200) that the trophies of Peter and Paul, meaning either the locations of their martyrdom or their tombs, are found on Vatican Hill and the Ostian Road respectively. This is why the emperor Constantine erected the basilica of St. Peter on the slope of Vatican Hill.
Tradition teaches that Peter was crucified and Paul was beheaded. (The tradition that Peter was crucified upside down is probably apocryphal.) The manner of their deaths is consistent: Paul, as a Roman citizen, would have been afforded the less ignominious death.
The death of James, the brother of Jesus
In A.D. 61 the procurator Festus died. In the three months before his successor Albinus arrived in Palestine, the Jewish High Priest Ananus was able to cause trouble. From Josephus:
AND now Caesar, upon hearing the death of Festus, sent Albinus into Judea, as procurator. But the king deprived Joseph of the high priesthood, and bestowed the succession to that dignity on the son of Ananus, who was also himself called Ananus. … this younger Ananus, who, as we have told you already, took the high priesthood, was a bold man in his temper, and very insolent; he was also of the sect of the Sadducees, who are very rigid in judging offenders, above all the rest of the Jews, as we have already observed; when, therefore, Ananus was of this disposition, he thought he had now a proper opportunity [to exercise his authority]. Festus was now dead, and Albinus was but upon the road; so he assembled the Sanhedrim of judges, and brought before them the brother of Jesus, who was called Christ, whose name was James, and some others and when he had formed an accusation against them as breakers of the law, he delivered them to be stoned: (Josephus, Antiquities, XX, 9, 1).
Thus we see that by about the mid sixties of the first century, Peter, Paul, and James had been martyred. In a few years, civil war would break out. The Jews, encouraged by the party of the Zealots, were emboldened by the news of the death of Nero in A.D. 68, only to be crushed and nearly exterminated at the hands of Titus, the son of Vespasian, the successor of Nero. The temple, no longer important to a people who had access through their High Priest Jesus Christ to the heavenly realm, was destroyed in A.D. 70, as had been prophesized by Jesus:
1Jesus left the temple and was walking away when his disciples came up to him to call his attention to its buildings. 2"Do you see all these things?" he asked. "I tell you the truth, not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down."From here the next stage of Christianity begins, a stage in which its ties to the temple have been severed.
34I tell you the truth, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened. (Matt. 24:1, 34).

subset: commoncrawl


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Outdoor game, Cup Final rematch and more highlights Blackhawks' 2013-14 scheduleby Brad Boron / Chicago Blackhawks
|Chicago will host a Stanley Cup Final rematch against Boston on Jan. 19 (Photo by Bill Smith / Chicago Blackhawks).
With the release of the 2013-14 National Hockey League schedule today, Blackhawks fans got their first look at their team's road to defend their 2013 Stanley Cup title. Here are a few dates fans should circle in their calendars for the approaching regular season.
Click here to view the full schedule
Tue., Oct. 1 vs. Washington: Fans who are lucky enough to secure tickets to the home opener will want to be in their seats on time, because this will be a memorable event from start to finish. Prior to hosting the NHL's reigning MVP Alex Ovechkin and the Washington Capitals, the Blackhawks will hoist four new banners to the rafters, including the 2013 Stanley Cup banner. Those that saw the 2010 banner raising know that it's bound to be an unforgettable night.
Sat., Nov. 2 at Winnipeg: The Blackhawks' first trip to Winnipeg since the Jets were reincarnated two seasons ago will also mark the first time captain Jonathan Toews plays a regular-season game in his hometown. It's safe to say that there will be quite a few Manitobans excitedly donning red No. 19 sweaters that night.
Sun., Jan. 19 vs. Boston: In the first rematch of the 2013 Stanley Cup finalists (the other coming on March 27 at TD Garden), the Blackhawks will face off against the Bruins. Despite taking four of six against the B's in the Cup Final, Chicago has not beaten the Bruins in a regular-season contest since Jan. 7, 2010.
Wed., Jan. 22 at Detroit: Ah, the old familiar places. No longer divisional rivals, the Blackhawks face their longtime nemesis from Detroit in the first of just two 2013-14 matchups. With newly-signed reinforcements including Daniel Alfredsson and Stephen Weiss on their roster, not to mention memories of the Blackhawks' conference semifinals comeback on their minds, expect the Wings to be firing on all cylinders.
Sun., Feb. 9 – Sun., Feb. 23: No Blackhawks games to speak of, but that doesn't mean hockey is taking a break. If healthy, expect to see at least Jonathan Toews, Patrick Kane and Marian Hossa representing their countries during the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. Also likely in the mix for Olympic roster spots could be Canada's Duncan Keith, Corey Crawford and Brent Seabrook, Slovakia's Michal Handzus, Swedes Johnny Oduya and Niklas Hjalmarsson and Finnish netminder Antti Raanta.
Sat., March 1 vs. Pittsburgh: Their first home date in more than a month, Chicago will make history on March 1 when they host the first-ever professional hockey game at historic Soldier Field as part of the NHL's Stadium Series. The game could also mark Sidney Crosby's first appearance in Chicago since Jan. 13, 2006, his rookie season.
Wed., April 9 vs. Montreal: In the final home game of the 2013-14 regular season, the Blackhawks will host their Original Six rivals from Montreal. The game will mark the Habs' first visit since Dec. 21, 2011.


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Experience the adventure and romance of their military pioneer aviators and see the progression from "Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines" to present day. Marvel at their courage and view the historic aircraft and memorabilia on display since World War I.
Visitors to the museum will see many beautifully presented aircraft with strong connections to Army aviation that have been restored to original condition. There are also images, video and valuable memorabilia from World War l, to current operations overseas where the Australian Army is using aviation resources.
The Museum houses replicas of the three original aircraft first flown by military pilots in 1910-1912 being the Boxkite, Deperdussin and Bleriot.
During World War II, Number 6 Aircraft Depot was established at Oakey as a key RAAF station in the South West Pacific area. Aircraft such as Beaufort, Boomerang, Kittyhawk, Lancaster, Mustang, Norseman, Spitfire and Wirraway were serviced, repaired and test flown here until February 1946.
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|Family - $15.00 (2 Adults, 2 Children)
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Note: Information on listed products and services are provided by the operator and were correct at the time of publishing. Rates are indicative based on the minimum and maximum available prices of products and services. Please visit the operator's website for further information. All prices quoted are in Australian dollars (AUD).


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Clean Air Markets
EPA's Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) runs programs that reduce air pollution from power plants to address several environmental problems, including acid rain, ozone and particle pollution, and interstate transport of air pollution. CAMD programs include the Acid Rain Program (ARP), the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR), and the CSAPR Update.
States Covered by EPA's Acid Rain Program, Cross-State Air Pollution Rule, and/or CSAPR Update


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In a prime example of stealth, pop star Justin Bieber and undefeated boxing champion Floyd Mayweather, Jr. arrived in Houston to party it up at local night club Nox Houston.
Mayweather arrived to the club in the 4700 block of Nett around 12:45 a.m. Saturday. The 19-year-old "Biebz" showed up later at 1:20 a.m.
"It was great … Even in the pouring rain they came," Nox Houston General Manager Carlos Palomo said. "There were other celebrities there also but not as high caliber as those two."
Palomo said it's not unusual for celebrities to stop by Nox when they're in Houston. During the NBA Allstar Game, the club saw Jay-Z, Beyonce, Drake, LeBron James and others.
"Sometimes they just come to Houston to come to the club and leave. I don't know what it is about Nox but people love it."
Earlier Friday night, various reports, including TMZ, placed Bieber at local strip club V Live in the 9200 block of Richmond Avenue. A stripper there reportedly tweeted Bieber had touched her and she "almost fainted".


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THE DANCING UNIVERSE would like to invite you to.....
Adventure into the mystery of your coverings....and shed them!
Guided by Cloe Jackson
With Live Drummng and Singing from Michelle Crozier
WHERE: London, Beach Blanket Babylon, Shoreditch
WHEN: 6.45-9.15PM SUNDAY 15th July
WHAT: A wildly liberating ecstatic dance journey from fully clothed to fully naked (optional). This is a place where you can express yourself freely. We gradually shed our layers of limitation which are represented in each item of clothing and with them goes our fears, doubts, shame, inhibitions and repressed emotion.
This is a process that invites you to turn you pain into power and your grief into gratitude.
The space is held as safe and sacred and the dance process is guided, but there is no choreography, no shoes, no drink or drugs, no judgments.
Please read the Rules Of Respect before attending this event. When the sacred space, ourselves and each other are totally honoured, it leads to the most deep, pure, wild and liberated experience!
WHY:To liberate yourself from what holds you back in life and experience yourself laid bare, in all your glory, with all your scars and accept and celebrate yourself as the miracle that you are. To feel comfortable in your own skin. To experience the joy of freeing up your body, your mind and your voice, so you can face challenging situations with more ease, clarity and honesty. By removing all the obstacles, diving into your vulnerability and re-aligning with your truth you get to experience the untamed beauty of your naked soul.
Dress Code: Layers that can be shed! Please wear 7 items of clothing.
Exchange: £25 in advance £30 on the door
Spaces are limited, so please get in touch to reserve your place or click on the link above to make payment.
If you are limited by finances, please get in touch to see if we can free up the situation and find a way for you to join us.
Tickets are non refundable or transferable.
Bring: Blankets to create a nest, plenty of water and a fresh set of clothes to wear afterwards.
To RSVP or for more information contact Cloe
This event will involve nudity, but no sexual contact. Please respect others boundaries and focus on your dance of truth.


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For years infomercials have played off the elusive dream of one-stop fitness -- a contraption or exercise routine that provides a total body workout to those big and small, young and old.
This one-size-fits-all approach is misguided, according to exercise experts. We should be exercising according to the kind of life we lead -- each person is going to bring different exercise needs to the table according to their personal preference and physical capabilities.
ABC News asked leading fitness experts and kinethseiologists to weigh in on which exercises are a best fit for people of various ages, stages of life and level of fitness. As always, experts recommend consulting with a physician before starting any exercise program.
The Couch Potato -- aka, the Exercise Newbie:
Expert Favorite: Walking plus weight lifting
They haven't been friendly with the gym for years, or maybe they were just never the exercise-type, but they're turning over a new leaf. Former couch potatoes should resist the temptation to jump on the treadmill, fitness experts warn. Exercise tolerance -- the amount of exertion one's body can handle -- "is not something to be messed with," says Jason West, clinical assistant professor in the exercise and sports medicine department at the University of Tulsa.
For people who haven't been active in a long time, "they're almost like a kid in their training age. Their room for gain is huge, but they're going to have muscle soreness or injuries if they don't start slow," he says.
West recommends starting with a walking program, supplemented with some weight training on machines. Because lifting free weights requires balancing the body while lifting, weight lifting machines are a good place to start because people can "just sit in a comfortable position and focus on one muscle group," he says.
"A lot of times people are sitting at their job ten hours a day and then think they can go and work out," says Wendy Dolen, exercise physiologist and wellness coordinator at M-Healthy at the University of Michigan. She agrees with walking as a starting point for those new to working out, but also emphasizes moving throughout the day so that the workouts are such a shock to the body. "Answer the telephone standing, hand-deliver a message, anything to incorporate movement into your day as well," she says.
With those who are new to working out, there's always a high risk of falling back onto their sedentary ways, says Peter Walters, associate professor in the Applied Health Science Department, Wheaton College. "Half of people who begin an exercise program aren't continuing after two months. My thought is, 'What is an activity that someone cannot just do, but enjoy?'," he says. "For the elderly that's often walking, for younger people that tends to be some kind of group exercise class or activity."
The Single Parent on a Tight Schedule
Expert Favorite: Housework Training
For parents who don't feel that they can dedicate a chunk of time to a workout, Davis suggests embracing household chores and playtime with kids as a way to amp up activity levels. Taking the stairs two at a time with a basket of laundry is like a lunge with added weight for resistance. Pushing a child on the swing is like a low-intensity chest press. Using a manual push lawn mower is both cardiovascular and resistance training.
For parents who feel they can squeeze a trip to the gym into their busy schedules, West suggests circuit training using the weight machines. Rotating around exercises that use different muscle groups cuts down on the recovery time between sets.
Though people often prefer to wait until later in the day to go to the gym, Walters urges parents to get up a bit earlier and do their exercise routine, whether at home or at the gym, before the day starts. People who slot it into their day in the morning are more likely to stick to it than those who push it off until the evening, he says.
The Mommy-to-Be -- Baby-Bump Friendly Fitness
Expert Favorite: Prenatal Yoga
A pregnant woman's body has to change in a number of ways to accommodate the baby. These changes can have serious consequences for the types of exercise she can do and the type of injury she is at risk for. The extra weight in her stomach and breasts will change her center of gravity and put extra strain on her lower back; her joints will become more elastic which will increase the risk of injury if she tries to do high-impact exercise; her blood pressure is more susceptible to spiking if she's not careful about keeping her head higher than her heart.
As a result, pregnant women should never try to work out harder than they did before becoming pregnant and in general should look to low-impact, low-intensity forms of exercise such as walking, pregnant yoga, and swimming.
"Prenatal yoga is something I refer people to often because it rolls in breathing techniques that they will use during labor with stretching and flexibility," says Dolen.
Into the second and third trimesters, women should choose exercises that support the abdomen and lower back because there will be a shift in her posture due to the extra weight, says Billy Davis, director of personal training at Complete Body and Spa in New York City. "Seated and lying exercises, no heavy squats, and more walking, less running."
The Ex-Jock/Weekend Warrior
Expert Favorite: Lower-Intensity Weight Lifting
They were the quarterbacks, the volleyball captains, or the cross country runners back in high school and college, but out in the real world, their office jobs leave them sedentary. These "ex-jocks" tend to be weekend warriors when it comes to exercise: they go for high-intensity exercises or community sports leagues on Sunday but are sedentary the rest of the week. This puts them at high risk for muscle strain, joint pain, and other kinds of injuries, as their attempts to recapture their glory days leads them to overreach their body's abilities.
"They do too much too soon and you see a lot of immediate injuries," says Dolen, of University of Michigan. "You can't leave it all to the weekend. You have to make time in the week to exercise as well or you're going to keep hurting yourself," she says.
Former athletes, even those who have been "on the bench" for a decade, do have an advantage over those who were always sedentary, says West, of University of Tulsa. There will be some carry-over of their former fitness, but they're still going to have to start with the basics if they want to excel at sports again, he says: flexibility, cardiovascular training and resistance training.
"You can go back and lift again, but you're going to be working with less weight than you remember and you're going to need more recovery time than before," says Davis. As long as they build up in intensity slowly, the sky's the limit in terms of the kinds of exercise they can pursue.
The Generic Jogger in Need of a Boost
Expert Favorite: Weight Training
When the weather is nice, they take to the streets and parks: they run because they like it, or because it's simple and free. Those who jog quasi-regularly are usually in good cardiovascular shape, but they can be surprisingly low in muscle strength or flexibility, experts say.
This makes casual runners a prime candidate for a little weight training to build up the muscles that support their running, such as those in the back and stomach. Especially after age 40, injuries from running will be muscular and skeletal, Walters says, so building up the muscles with strength training will make someone less likely to injure themselves during their weekly jog.
For casual runners who want a jumpstart, West recommends high-intensity interval training (HIT). It's running, only amped up: "sprint for 30 seconds and rest for 30-90 seconds and then repeat," he says. The same principle can be applied to biking or other kinds of aerobic exercise. Studies show that people who do this kind of high-intensity interval training boost their aerobic capacity more than those who exercise five times as long at a slower, steady pace.
The Retiree With Arthritis
Expert Favorite: Aqua-Aerobics in a Heated Pool
Expert Favorite: Aqua-Aerobics in a Heated Pool
One in five adults has arthritis in one form or another. For some it can hinder exercise, for others, the pain can make daily activities like bathing seem impossible. Though it was long thought that those with severe arthritis should avoid exercise so as not to aggravate their joints, doctors now know that regular activity and strength training can help restore joint function, according to the Arthritis Foundation.
Low-intensity, low-impact exercises that don't require a lot of balance are key for those suffering from arthritis. This is why hands down the best exercise is working out in a heated pool with styrofoam dumbbells . On land, lifting weights can lead to strain or injury if they are dropped, and only work the muscles in one direction. Moving a Styrofoam dumbbell underwater provides resistance in every direction, while the warmth of a heated pool keeps the muscles and joints loose and less prone to injury, says West of University of Tulsa.
"Even walking in a shallow pool is good. You get all the resistance without all the weight bearing down on their joints. Not to mention, it's fun. People like pools," says Complete Body and Spa's Davis.


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Phil Ramone, the veteran record producer whose work with such top-tier talent as Barbra Streisand, Bob Dylan and Paul Simon made him one of the most revered figures in the music business, died Saturday. He was 79.
He died of complications from pneumonia stemming from surgery he had last month to prevent an aortic aneurysm, his son, Matt Ramone, told the Associated Press.
"Our industry has lost an immense talent and a true visionary," Neil Portnow, president and chief executive of the Recording Academy, said in a statement Saturday.
Phil Ramone: In the March 31 California section, the obituary of music producer Phil Ramone gave his age as 82 and his birth year as 1931. According to his family and public records, he was born in 1934 and was 79. —
Stevie Wonder called Ramone "the star of stars behind the stars" and Tony Bennett said the producer was admired and respected by "everyone in the entertainment industry," according to their publicists.
The winner of 14 Grammy Awards — including one in the early 1980s for producer of the year — Ramone was known for forging close creative relationships with artists and for the sumptuous sounds of his work, which typified an era of lavish recording budgets.
He also won an Emmy Award for helping to craft a 1973 television special, "Duke Ellington … We Love You Madly."
Among the albums Ramone produced were Simon's "Still Crazy After All These Years" in 1975 and Billy Joel's "52nd Street" in 1978. Both were honored with Grammys for album of the year.
Throughout his career, Ramone was an early adopter of recording technology as it evolved, and "52nd Street" is widely regarded as the first audio CD to be mass-produced.
Equally important, though, were his cozy relations with A-list artists, connections Ramone put to creative use in assembling all-star duet albums for Frank Sinatra and Bennett. In 2011 Ramone also oversaw Bennett's Grammy-winning "Duets II," which paired the crooner, then 85, with younger singers such as Lady Gaga and John Mayer.
He also collaborated with Frank Sinatra, Ray Charles and Aretha Franklin, as well as on the soundtracks of such films as "Midnight Cowboy" (1969) and "Flashdance" (1983).
While working with Streisand on her 1983 film adaptation of "Yentl" he described his role to The Times: "'Yentl' takes place in 1903, so when the songs are heard in the film, they're played turn-of-the-century style. That's OK for the movie, but Barbra wants to put some of these songs on the pop market — obviously, they have to be updated, be produced in a way that fits the current market. That's where I come in."
Streisand said in a statement Saturday, "Phil had impeccable musical taste, great ears and the most gentle way of bringing out the best in all the artists he worked with."
Ramone was born in South Africa in 1931, according to his 2007 memoir "Making Records," but some public records give his birth year as 1934. He grew up in New York, where his musical talent — and dedication to the craft — developed at an early age.
"While most 10-year-olds were outside playing ball, I was inside playing the violin," he wrote in his book.
He studied at the Juilliard School before shifting his attention from classical music to pop and jazz. As a teenager, he had nurtured the interest by secretly listening to the radio.
After apprenticing as an engineer, he co-founded a New York studio and called it A&R Recording; the "A" was for his partner, Jack Arnold.
In 1962, Ramone engineered Marilyn Monroe's famously breathy performance of "Happy Birthday, Mr. President" at President Kennedy's televised Madison Square Garden birthday party.
By the early 1960s, he was working on a series of important jazz recordings, winning his first Grammy for Stan Getz and João Gilberto's "Getz/Gilberto," which turned "The Girl From Ipanema" into an international smash. He later moved into pop and rock, engineering and then into producing blockbuster projects by Simon, Joel and many others.
"I always thought of Phil Ramone as the most talented guy in my band," Joel said in a statement Saturday. "So much of my music was shaped by him and brought to fruition by him."
Quincy Jones, who like Ramone was one of the few producers who was nearly as famous as his clients, said Saturday in a release: "Whenever I was in the studio recording, if Phil wasn't there by my side it would seem like one ingredient was missing."
Ramone had served as a producer on Jones' most recent studio album, 2010's "Soul Bossa Nostra."
Other recent projects included "Just a Little Lovin'," Shelby Lynne's 2008 tribute to Dusty Springfield, and a reteaming with Simon for 2011's acclaimed "So Beautiful or So What."
A member of the Songwriters Hall of Fame, Ramone was chairman emeritus of the board of trustees of the Recording Academy and a co-chairman of its producers and engineers wing.
He lived in Wilton, Conn., and had a wife, Karen, and three sons, Matt, Simon and William.
"The greatest interaction in the world," Ramone wrote in his memoir, "is the creativity involved in making music."


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Nation & World
Looking for college credit? Welcome to the buffet
Danine Adams has taken a few courses at a four-year university, some at a community college and still more online while working all over the country as an investigator for the Federal Bureau of Prisons – career experience that she's also been able to transform into academic credit.
A little from here. A little from there. And now Adams, who's 42, is just a few credits shy of earning a bachelor's degree.
"I'm the whole ball of wax," she said cheerfully. "On-campus education, community college, online classes, life experience."
She's also a forerunner of a new type of college student, one who doesn't start and finish at a single brick-and-mortar campus, but picks and chooses credits toward a degree or job from a veritable buffet of education options.
These include dual-enrollment courses – college-level courses offered to students while they're still in high school – advanced-placement programs, military or corporate training, career and life experience, and classes taught online.
"We are at or approaching a point of significant transformation, where you will be able to snap modules together from a wide array of choices or link them in ways that produce what are sometimes called stackable credentials," said Molly Corbett Broad, the president of the American Council on Education, the predominant national association of colleges and universities.
All these alternatives to conventional higher education are growing exponentially, thanks to their flexibility and, often, considerably lower cost.
A new federal report shows that 1.3 million high school students took courses for college credit in the 2010-2011 academic year, up 67 percent from the last time the government checked, in 2003.
More than half of all colleges in the U.S. award at least some credit for military and career experience, according to the Council for Adult and Experiential Learning. The number of transcripts from military and corporate training courses submitted for college credit through an accreditation service provided by the council on education rose 35 percent in the last 10 years, and a consortium of colleges that agree to accept credit for military experience now awards an average of just under 18 credits per year to each of more than 45,000 service members.
More than 6 million people are enrolled in one or more college classes online, the Babson Survey Research Group and the College Board report.
"You're seeing learning becoming much more open," said Mark Milliron, the chancellor of the Texas branch of Western Governors University, which awards degrees based on "real-world competencies" obtained from work experience and elsewhere. "People have access now to lots of different learning resources, and ways to prove what they've learned."
Other than at a handful of accredited alternative institutions, such as Western Governors University, a private, nonprofit online university based in Salt Lake City, getting a degree this way depends on mainstream schools accepting nontraditional credits toward one, something they've been slow to do. After all, it cuts into their business of providing classroom education for a fee.
There are also legitimate concerns about quality. Just because the council on education awards academic credits to certain military and corporate courses doesn't mean that colleges are required to accept them, and there's no way of tracking whether they do.
Last year, when the Department of Defense asked colleges that enroll service members under its tuition reimbursement plan to accept more nontraditional credits – which would have saved the government money – the colleges balked, saying it was undue interference, and the Pentagon backed down.
But under growing pressure to improve graduation rates, more colleges and universities are coming to terms with this new higher-education model.
"What we're seeing, in dramatic ways, is this kind of informal learning beginning to creep into the more formal learning environment," said David Theo Goldberg, a professor at the University of California, Irvine, who's a co-founder of the Humanities, Arts, Science and Technology Advanced Collaboratory, which promotes technology in teaching.
A survey by the education marketing company Stamats found that offering credit for life experience helps attract the lucrative and growing segment of older-than-traditional-age college-goers. It's also a way to meet the national goal of increasing the number of Americans with university degrees, since an estimated 37 million adults have almost, but not quite enough, college credits to get degrees, Milliron said.
Public universities, whose funding increasingly depends on graduation rates instead of enrollment, have an incentive to recruit students with career experience, who a study by the Council for Adult and Experiential Learning showed are more than twice as likely to graduate as students without it.
"Institutions of higher education are going to have to ask hard questions about whether internal barriers are stopping students who have learned something from getting credit for that learning because of institutional history or policy," Milliron said.
Some states, including Colorado, Minnesota and Vermont, aren't waiting for their public universities to award credit for military and career experience. They're ordering them to start. A proposal in the California Senate would push public universities in that state to accept credit for certain outside online courses, including some provided by for-profit companies.
One reason for all this attention is that unconventional credit is often cheaper than the traditional kind, for students and taxpayers. Applicants usually must pay fees to prove they've learned something elsewhere, say by submitting portfolios or taking assessment tests. But a student who earns 15 credits for career experience may save anywhere from $1,605 at a large public university to $6,000 at a private one, according to the Council for Adult and Experiential Learning.
It also saves time. With their credits from "real-world" experience, Western Governors University, formed by 19 Western state governors, reports that its students take an average of 35 months to earn bachelor's degrees, compared with more than 50 months at other higher-education institutions. In March, the U.S. government gave the idea another boost by saying federal financial aid could be applied to the cost of assessing prior learning in this way.
Companies, organizations and government agencies – including Microsoft, Disney-Pixar, Intel, NASA and Mozilla, the company that developed the Firefox Web browser – are developing digital "badges," which would track a person's experience and skills in addition to, or even instead of, university degrees.
Several websites have sprung up to help students "bank" their credentials or to tell them which institutions will award them academic credit for career experience.
"People are finding themselves taking a smattering of credits and programs and life experiences, and would like to find a way for those to count," said Ramin Sedehi, the director of higher education consulting at the Berkeley Research Group.
Some activists are pushing this movement even further, suggesting that people forgo college altogether and do their higher learning elsewhere. That's the subject of a new book called "Hacking Your Education: Ditch the Lectures, Save Tens of Thousands and Learn More Than Your Peers Ever Will," by Dale Stephens, the head of an organization called UnCollege, who suggests that work experience, internships, online courses and other alternatives provide the kind of education that employers value.
"I don't have anything against universities or colleges," said Stephens, who received a fellowship from billionaire Facebook founder Peter Thiel that pays students younger than 20 $100,000 stipends to drop out of college and become entrepreneurs. "My problem is with people going to universities or colleges simply because they think that's what expected of them."


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In January 2015, Ektron and Episerver merged to create a new global digital leader of scale, with potent technology capabilities, global customer community, and a broad partner ecosystem.
Our company now operates under the Episerver name, but the merger benefits and protects the investments customers and partners have made in both product sets and provides more options to extend the value of those investments. In May 2015 we began to make Episerver technology available to Ektron users and vice-versa, and in November 2015, we announced the convergence of the best of both offerings plus many net new capabilities for all customers into a single next generation Digital Experience Cloud.
Today, whether you continue to use our software on-premise, in the cloud or a hybrid of the two is entirely up to you, as is the ability to move between licensing and deployment scenarios – it's your business and your choice. No matter which approach you choose, the Episerver Digital Experience Cloud offers advanced web content management, multi-channel digital marketing, contextual digital commerce, and extensive connectivity capabilities – all on a single platform.
The new Episerver is recognized as Leader in the Gartner Magic Quadrant for Web Content Management (WCM) and as a Challenger in the Gartner Magic Quadrant for Horizontal Portals.
Learn more about your Ektron customers' options:


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Soft Pretzels with Sweet Mustard Dipping Sauce
1 (11 ounce) can refrigerated bread sticks (available as a special of the week)
1 egg white, lightly beaten
coarse salt
1/2 cup Dijon mustard
1/4 cup maple syrup
1 tablespoon brown sugar
Roll out each breadstick into a 20-in. rope; twist into a pretzel shape. Place 2 in. apart on ungreased baking sheets. Brush with egg white and sprinkle with salt. Bake at 375 degrees F for 10-13 minutes or until lightly browned. Remove to a wire rack. For mustard dip, combine the remaining ingredients in a small bowl. Serve with pretzels.


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Last night on the Sean Hannity Show, Senator Rand Paul (R-Ky.) endorsed Mitt Romney for President.
Instantly the Vice-presidential buzz filled the air with many asserting that the only thing that could compel the son of one presidential candidate to throw his support behind another one would be the promise of the number two spot on the Republican ticket.
Telling Hannity that his "first choice had always been [his] father," Senator Paul went on to say that now that the nominating process his over he would be campaigning for former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney.
It may come as a shock to some readers to hear a member of the Paul family admit on national television that the nominating process is over and that Romney is the Republican candidate. What is even more shocking, perhaps, is that Congressman Ron Paul (R-Texas) said nearly the same thing in an email to supporters and in an address to the Texas State Republican Convention earlier this week.
"When it is all said and done, we will likely have as many as 500 supporters as delegates on the convention floor," the libertarian-leaning icon said in his email.
"That is just over 20 percent! And while this total is not enough to win the nomination, it puts us in a tremendous position to grow our movement and shape the future of the GOP," he continued.
Then, in reference to the hundreds of delegates chosen at the various state party conventions to represent their states at the national convention, Ron Paul said, "[we] will send several hundred additional supporters to Tampa who, while bound to Romney, believe in our ideas of liberty, constitutional government, and a common-sense foreign policy."
Finally, the elder Paul encouraged his legion of devoted followers to "let the establishment know that we are the future of the Party and of the country."
Which may cause many Paul supporters to scratch their heads and wonder if the best way to wrest control of the Party from the tight grip of the Establishment is to endorse the Establishment's candidate.
In fairness, Ron Paul has not endorsed Governor Romney as yet, but he surely understood that his son was about to and that it would be seen by many as an act of betrayal.
In that vein, Twitter, the online social media site that has become a haven for constitutionalists and progressives alike, was awash in messages calling Rand Paul a "traitor" and a "sellout." Millions of Ron Paul admirers that use the service to keep each other abreast of pro-Paul events, alternative news stories about topics near to their hearts (end the Federal Reserve, gold as currency, the end of the foreign conflicts, and the Tenth Amendment, for example) and a flurry of tweets expressing dismay and confusion as to why the son of their hero would abandon the cause and sign on to serve in the campaign of a man they consider little better than the current occupant of the White House.
As I said earlier, it may be the prospect of a place in the White House that compelled Senator Paul to make his announcement Thursday night.
In a statement released following Senator Paul's appearance on the Hannity Show, Mitt Romney expressed gratitude for his support:
Senator Paul has been a leading voice in the effort to scale back the size and reach of government and promote liberty. I am grateful for Senator Paul's support and look forward to working with him to get America back on the right track.
The problem that has plagued Mitt Romney's campaign since the beginning has been his inability to attract the support of those on the right wing of the Republican Party. Perhaps the former Massachusetts Governor is hopeful that Rand Paul's seal of approval will convince the more conservative bloc to vote for the party's "presumptive nominee," albeit with some trepidation.
Another possible scenario and that is that those libertarian-minded voters who are only nominally Republican will abandon the Pauls altogether and side with a third-party candidate such as Governor Gary Johnson, who is running as the Libertarian Party candidate for President.
It seems unlikely that a politician as savvy as Rand Paul, raised by one of this generation's most consistently constitutional statesmen, would ever take the loyalty of voters for granted. Surely Senator Paul realizes that the millions of Americans who considered his father the last great hope for the restoration of our Republic to its constitutional foundation are, at the end of the day, not soldiers in the Ron Paul Battalion, but are in fact an army in the cause of liberty and the Constitution. They have learned through decades of sad experience, that most politicians will disappoint them, but the principles of freedom are timeless and steadfast.
With Rand Paul's Romney endorsement settled, the question that lingers is whether his father will follow suit.
Given Ron Paul's history of withholding endorsements even to those with whom he has much in common with regard to policy and political philosophy, it is unlikely that Ron Paul will explicitly endorse Mitt Romney.
Of course, before Thursday night, there were millions of politically active Americans who would have bet the farm that Rand Paul never would have signed on to help Mitt Romney get elected President.
During his interview with Sean Hannity Thursday night, Rand Paul recounted a 30-minute meeting he had with Governor Romney in Washington, D.C. recently. During this meeting, Paul reports, he and Romney discussed many issues important to himself and his father.
The first issue mentioned by Senator Paul was the audit of the Federal Reserve. Saying that he and his father believe that there should be more transparency and more congressional oversight of the unconstitutional central bank, Paul went on to say that "this [the audit of the Fed] is something Governor Romney was supportive of throughout his campaign."
Senator Paul is full of surprises. Those loyal to his father and to the cause of auditing or abolishing the Federal Reserve know that not only has Mitt Romney not supported this critical plank of the constitutional platform, but in fact he has explicitly spoken out against it.
"I think Ben Bernanke [the chairman of the Federal Reserve] is a student of monetary policy; he's doing as good a job as he thinks he can do. I'm not going to spend my time going after Ben Bernanke. I'm not going to spend my time focusing on the Federal Reserve," Romney has observed.
Finally, Senator Paul told Hannity that he believes that with Mitt Romney there is "a lot of kinship on those issues" that are important to Ron Paul and his "legion of young supporters."
However, there is no evidence that Romney shares the Paul stance on the Federal Reserve (not surprising, given the money Romney has received from Goldman Sachs) and certainly not when it comes to ending the illegal foreign wars and bringing our troops home.
With regard to kinship, it seems that with his endorsement of Mitt Romney (a man whose public pronouncement places himself far from the Constitutional center) many believe that Rand Paul has sold his birthright for a mess of partisan pottage.
As to whether Senator Paul's endorsement constitutes a philosophical shift on his part, or on Romney's, or is just an exercise in political pragmatism based on his desire to stop Obama at any cost — or to further his vice presidential aspirations this year or presidential aspirations in the future — only time will tell.
Photo: Sen. Paul at a rally in Erlanger, Kentucky, on October 2, 2010, along with his father, Rep. Ron Paul of Texas, and his son, William Paul


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Published Dec 23, 2016
Planning a wedding can be a little stressful. Who takes the stress out of your special day?
Where is the best place for wedding bands so you can say "With this ring... see the Top 5 →
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Art classes are a great way to spark creativity. Which classes do you love... see the Top 5 →
Stand up, improv, sketch comedy. Who makes you laugh? see the Top 5 →
The 2016 Philly A-List awards are based on more than 26,000 votes from local Philadelphia-area experts.


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Martha Ann's Quilt for Queen Victoria
Oct 17, 2007 - ongoing
By Kyra E. Hicks
Martha Ann is 12 years old when Papa finally purchases her freedom from slavery and moves the family from Tennessee to Liberia. On Market Days, Martha Ann watches the British navy patrolling the Liberian coast to stop slave catchers from kidnapping family and neighbors and forcing them back into slavery.
Martha Ann decides to thank Queen Victoria in person for sending the navy. But first, she has to save money for the 3,500-mile voyage, find a suitable gift for the queen, and withstand the ridicule of those who learn of her impossible dream to meet the Queen of England.
Documentation for this event is housed in The Feminist Art Project Archives at Rutgers University.
|Event Type:
|Publications (books, scholarly, journals)


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Imagine you're standing with a group of people, contemplating a beautiful sunrise. Whereas others drink in the view, you struggle.
You're preoccupied with your projects and worries. You think about the future and the past. You're not really present to appreciate the experience. So rather than enjoy the sunrise, you let the richness of the moment slip by.
Suppose, instead, you took a different approach to the moment. What if, as your mind wanders, you direct your focus to your in-breath and out-breath? As you practice breathing deeply, you bring yourself to the present, freeing yourself from thoughts of the past and future. Your body and mind come together as one, allowing you to be fully available to witness, contemplate, and take in the scenery. By "going home" to your breath, you regain the wonder of the moment.
Awareness of the breath is the essence of mindfulness -- a source of happiness and joy, according to the Buddha, and a way to appreciate life. For instance, imagine that an old friend has come from a long way to visit you. You welcome him or her in and offer tea. With mindfulness, you can focus your attention on the moment -- on just you and your friend -- rather than thinking of other things. Engaged in the act of sharing tea, you taste the joy very deeply. You establish yourself in the here-and-now to completely live in the moment.
The practice of mindfulness (referred to as smrti in Buddhism) leads to concentration (samadhi), which in turn leads to insight (prajna). The insight you gain from meditation can liberate you from fear, anxiety, and anger -- allowing you to be truly happy. It all starts with being mindful. You can practice mindfulness using something as simple as a flower. When I hold a flower in my hand, I'm aware and mindful of it. By observing my in-breath and out-breath, I concentrate on it, rather than becoming overwhelmed by other thoughts, whether pleasant, unpleasant, neutral, or mixed. By sustaining my enjoyment of the flower's beauty, concentration itself becomes a source of joy. This is why the Buddha proposed the practice: to bring us the feeling of joy.
If you want to fully enjoy life's gifts, practice mindfulness at every turn. Brushing your teeth, cooking your breakfast -- every step, every breath should be an opportunity to bring joy and happiness. Life is full of suffering. If we don't have enough happiness on reserve, we have no means to take care of our despair. With mindfulness, we can preserve a certain amount of inner joy, so that we can better handle the challenges in our lives. We then create a foundation of freedom, peace, and love within ourselves.
When Pain Crowds Out Joy
If you're experiencing a difficult time in life, you'll need to bolster your feelings of happiness before you can work on your challenges. It might seem as if the reverse were true. But by nourishing yourself with happiness first, you lay the groundwork to address your pain. The following meditation can help.
Sit still in a quiet spot and bring your awareness to your breath. Use the first of the two meditations that follow to create a sense of inner joy. The second meditation will then give you the courage to address your feelings of pain.
1. Breathing in, I am aware of the feeling of joy in myself.
-Breathing out, I smile to the feeling of joy that is in myself.
-Breathing in, I am aware of the feeling of happiness in myself.
-Breathing out, I smile to the feeling of happiness that is in myself.
2. Breathing in, I am aware of the painful feeling in me.
-Breathing out, I release the tension within that painful feeling in me.
Text by Thich Nhat Hanh; photograph by Ngoc Minh Ng


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DUDLEY, Mass. – A total team effort pushed men's lacrosse (5-4) to their second straight non-conference win as they defeated Nichols College (2-5) by the final score of 14-5 Wednesday afternoon at Michael J. Vendetti Field.
The Beacons used a balanced attack throughout the victory scoring five goals in the first two quarters, before firing off nine over the final 30 minutes of play. UMass went on to outshot the host Bison 47-24.
John Powers (Marshfield, Mass.) once again fueled UMass Boston scoring three goals, while picking-up a pair of assists. Tommy Petitti (Quincy, Mass.) also walked away with three goals and had one helper in the win.
Defensively, Craig Frehill (Norwell, Mass.) anchored UMass Boston as he made four saves, while only allowing a mere three goals to earn his fifth win of the year. The backline completely dominated the first half as they allowed just six Bison shots, with one of those coming in the first quarter. They also forced a season-high 22 turnovers, and forced a combined 33 Nichols change of possessions.
On the face-off "X" Xavier Donaldson (Centerville, Mass.) finished 9-for-15, while Phil Truong (Quincy, Mass.) also earned three wins.
Nichols started off the afternoon with the game's first goal less than four minutes in to the first to take an early 1-0 lead. However, two minutes later the Beacons unleashed a barrage of shots and scored four straight to go-up 4-1 over Nichols.
The Bison would record one more goal before the half, with Dom Fichera (Scituate, Mass.) picking-up his first goal of the day with just over a minute to play before the break.
After the intermission, UMass continued to roll scoring six straight, including a pair of man-up goals to extend their lead to eight (10-2). Nichols ended the Beacons scoring streak with a late goal in the third.
UMass would start off the fourth scoring four straight before Nichols netted a pair to close out Tuesday's contest.
Lacrosse returns to action on Saturday when they travel to Salem State University for a 1 p.m. Little East Conference contest.


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Dream Essentials offers a wonderful range of petite Sleep Masks for little ones called Hush.
Children's sleep masks are the ideal way to help your child get a good night's sleep. Children can sleep comfortably and develop good sleeping habits at a young age when they wear a sleep mask. It's never too early to help your child develop good sleeping habits. Let them start their days refreshed and energized after a full and restful night's sleep.
Kid's Sleep Masks Help Children Sleep Comfortably Look for masks made from 100% natural cotton. If your child has allergies, you may need to search for a synthetic fabric mask. If your child has problems sleeping all though the night, this mask will help. They block 98-100% of all incoming light so your child won't be woken prematurely.
Children's sleep masks are made in many different colors and fun designs. Part of the fun will be letting your child choose a color and design that suits him or her best. Make shopping for a kid's sleep mask a fun experience and your child will respond with enthusiasm.
Ideal for children who have trouble sleeping through the night, a child's sleep masks will give you peace of mind. If your child sleeps through the night, so will you. You can help your child discover that there are ways of fixing problems as seemingly insoluble as not being able to sleep--a priceless lesson.
Hush® Children's Sleep Masks from Dream Essentials®


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PhoneyC is a low-interaction client honeypot designed to allow researcher to quickly and easily identify and analyze malicious websites and their malware. We hope to be adding DOM emulation and automated shellcode detection using LibEmu this summer, amongst other features, to help improve detection and performance.
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Spirit honors LCC; Trudy Pickett discusses smoke alarms
LCC honored
Members of the Spirit AeroSystems Information Technology team recently recognized Lenoir Community College for its collaboration with the installation of Spirit AeroSystems� new state of the art videoconferencing technology allowing the facility in Kinston to connect to the world.
LCC Director of Distance Education Jo Wilson and LCC Director of Industry Training Bobby Merritt were recognized for their assistance with the project.
Others on hand were LCC Vice President of Continuing Education Jay Carraway, LCC Vice President of Academic and Student Services Deborah Grimes, Spirit AeroSystems IT Program Manager Randy Weiss, Spirit AeroSystems IT Team Leader Curtis Rupke, Spirit AeroSystems Executive of Site Service Don Blake and LCC President Brantley Briley.
Home Solutions: Smoke alarms save lives
A smoke alarm is the only thing in your home that can alert you to a fire 24 hours a day, seven days a week. It is constantly on alert, scanning the air for fire and smoke.
National Fire Protection Association statistics say almost two-thirds of home fire deaths are in properties without working smoke alarms. The many brands on the market fall under two basic types � ionization and photoelectric.
One is not better than the other because they detect different kinds of potentially fatal fires. For this reason and because no one can predict what type of fire might start in a home, the US Fire Administration recommends that every place where people sleep be equipped with both or with dual sensor smoke alarms, containing ionization and photoelectric sensors.
Some alarms are made to meet the needs of the hearing impaired, by using strobe lights or vibrations.
Smoke alarms are powered by battery � a disposable 9-volt or a non-replaceable 10-year lithium (�long-life�) � or are hardwired into the home�s electrical system, with a backup battery.
Smoke alarms are not expensive. Ionization and photoelectric ones cost between $6 and $20; dual sensor ones between $24 and $40.
Install smoke alarms on every level of the home. Many fatal fires begin late at night or early in the morning, and smoke and many deadly gases rise, so installing alarms inside and outside of sleeping areas and at proper heights is recommended.
Alarms work only when properly installed and maintained, according to manufacturer�s instructions.
The 9-volt alarm should be tested monthly, replacing batteries once a year and the entire unit every 8-10 years.
The 10-year lithium should be tested monthly, replacing the entire unit according to manufacturer�s instructions.
Hardwired alarms should be tested monthly, with backup battery replaced at least once per year and the entire unit replaced every 8-10 years.
Source: usfa.fema.gov
Trudy W. Pickett is extension family and consumer agent at the Lenoir County Cooperative Extension Office, 1791 N.C. 11/55. Reach her at 252-527-2191 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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The brief history of the National Archives of Australia below is adapted from Documenting a Nation: Australian Archives – The first fifty years by Hilary Golder, published in 1994. For further information, you can review:
In the 1940s, the famous war historian CEW Bean argued that his history of World War I had been hampered by the destruction of early wartime records.
He was among the historians, librarians and political scientists lobbying for material from World War II to be preserved for posterity. A War Archives Committee was established, with Bean as chairman, which produced guidelines for the disposal of war records.
The committee saw its responsibilities as safeguarding the history of both world wars, but also stretching to encompass most government departments – with the date of relevant records beginning in 1901.
In 1946 the War Archives Committee was renamed the Commonwealth Archives Committee. Its role was to oversee the disposal of all past and future records and to coordinate the archival work of the War Memorial and the Commonwealth National Library which had been designated as custodians of government records. Government departments could not dispose of records before consulting one of the authorities which would take material of permanent value into custody.
In 1944 the Library had appointed Ian Maclean as the first Archives Officer, a move that heralded the beginning of the National Archives. His early work involved reminding government departments that disposal implied evaluation of records and transfer of valuable material into custody. Taking control of destruction would be one of the main problems of the postwar years as temporary agencies wound up.
By 1945 the Library was insisting that 'the primary object of archives is efficiency in the executive arm of government'. In the postwar era the need to document history carried less weight than the money saved through efficient disposal of records.
The Library's Archives Division expanded, creating training schemes for departmental records officers. In the 1950s new repositories at Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth were added to those in Sydney and Melbourne to cope with the increasing need for storage. By 1952 the Archives Division of the Library had 25 staff and, taking over the archival responsibilities of the War Memorial, became the single archival authority.
The Commonwealth Archives Committee was keen to remind the government that the Division did not exist simply to store records for departments, that archives were one of the nation's cultural resources. But lack of an access policy meant that every research request had to be referred to the relevant department. The Committee in the meantime was seeking a policy that gave access before 50 years, as in Britain. Because of Australia's youth as a nation, a 50-year access policy would prevent access to almost all Federal Government records.
In 1954 Dr TR Schellenberg, from the National Archives in Washington, spent six months in Australia as a Fulbright Scholar. With access to politicians and public servants, he argued for an access period less than 50 years. He also supported the view that archives did not belong within a library.
When the National Library Act came into force in March 1961 the Archives Division got its independence. It became the Commonwealth Archives Office in the Prime Minister's Department. However it had no real clout. There was no indication of how it could deal with departments which did not cooperate by transferring valuable records into custody.
In 1966 the Cabinet agreed to a general policy on access, introducing a 50-year rule, with World War I records available earlier. 'Genuine' scholars could ask for more liberal access. However the news was not widely circulated as the Archives Office did not have the staff to cope with a sudden rush of applications.
In 1967 the British government adopted a 30-year rule. At the same time, an expansion of tertiary education was increasing the numbers and expectations of people wanting to use Australian government records. In 1970 the Australian government caught up and adopted the 30-year rule, agreeing to release World War II records for 'important works of scholarship'.
Because records only began to be transferred in the late 1940s, there was still a large backlog. Neither the Commonwealth Archives Office nor the departments had the resources to clear records quickly. Without arrangement and description, records remain impenetrable no matter what access policy is adopted.
Archivists are concerned with the interrelation of records; the significance of an individual document lies not only in its content but in its context.
Peter Scott, who joined the Commonwealth Archives Office in 1963, suggested the series should become the basic free-standing element of the system. The implementation of the Commonwealth Records Series (CRS) system began in Canberra in1966, building on the work of senior archivist Dr Keith Penny, who was an expert on the structure of Australian government and the development of its recordkeeping systems. Peter Scott was devising a control system to capture and cope with administrative change as the pace of change began to accelerate.
After years of leased and makeshift premises, the Commonwealth Archives Office argued that purpose-built repositories were the first line of defence for the nation's heritage. The buildings would have to accommodate a variety of record formats, including film, microfilm, computer, audio and video tape, transferred by organisations as diverse as the Department of Defence and the ABC. The first purpose-built repository was opened at Villawood in Sydney in 1972.
In 1973 WK Lamb, former Dominion Archivist of Canada, was invited to make a review of the Australian archives system. His report stated that the function of a modern archives system was to 'watch over the care, handling and disposition of the records of the Government from the time that they are created until they are destroyed or selected for permanent preservation'. He insisted that the role of the archives should be recognised and reinforced by legislation. He also argued that the Commonwealth Archives Office was losing sight of its second function to make its holdings available for research.
In 1974 Special Minister of State Lionel Bowen tabled the Lamb report and promised an Archives Act. The Commonwealth Archives Office was renamed the Australian Archives and took on a new direction. In 1975 an historian, Professor RG Neale, was appointed to the upgraded position of the Archives' Director-General. Part of his brief was to promote the use of archival material. He had to sell the whole idea of archives legislation to the public service and also needed to lobby politicians for the 'manpower, machinery and masonry' needed to implement the Lamb report. But a change of government and a recession slowed things down.
The Archives building program was affected, especially as its design requirements had become more exacting and expensive. By the time stage 2 of the Villawood repository was completed in 1975 nearly $6 million had been spent on the building which provided air-conditioned accommodation for all permanent records and low-temperature vaults for film and tape, as well as search and conference rooms. This flagship repository included a studio which revolutionised the Archives' lending service to the ABC, allowing sound recordings to be transmitted back by landline.
The grand vision of a National Archives building in Canberra was sacrificed. Records and staff remained in Nissen huts in Parkes and other inadequate accommodation. During heavy rains in 1976 there was a real possibility that Lake Burley Griffin would overflow and drown the core of Australia's archives. It was, in Neale's words, 'a national disgrace'. After this, tenders were let for a long-delayed repository at Mitchell and the records were moved there in 1981.
The first Freedom of Information and Archives Bills were introduced in the Senate in June 1978. This promised more responsibility for the Australian Archives which often knew more about the origins and relations of agencies, as well as the records they created, than the agencies did themselves.
The disposal and transfer clauses were encouragingly strong. Only the Archives could authorise the disposal and destruction of Commonwealth records. For the first time there were penalties for destroying and altering records. Once records reached the 25-year mark they were to be transferred as soon as possible to the Archives, unless destruction had been agreed. The Archives had overall responsibility for determining which material belonged to the 'archival resources of the Commonwealth'. These key provisions survived intact in the Archives Act which was finally passed in 1983. It was the question of access that delayed the Bill.
The legislation broadened the definition of government records and affirmed the public's right to study them. The Act also confirmed the Archives as the main adviser to agencies on keeping, evaluating and disposing of their records. As the public service was decentralised and the Public Service Board abolished, the Archives was the only organisation with the mandate and expertise to set standards for records management.
As agencies automated their records, crucial information was kept in databanks which were 'unstable' in the sense that the information was constantly updated and could be manipulated in a variety of ways. Electronic records raised new issues of preservation and access. How could staff ensure that records remained readable in the long-term when software and hardware were being revolutionised?
As the Archives became better known, the demand for access to records increased. The proclamation of the Archives Act 1983 coincided with the records of the Royal Commission on Espionage (the Petrov commission) coming into the open period. This was one instance where whole series were cleared in advance, because heavy use was anticipated.
The annual release of Cabinet papers was also becoming more of an event, especially once the media were given a sneak preview. The 1956 papers which covered the Suez crisis, the Hungarian revolution and the diplomatic fallout on Melbourne's Olympic Games were the first batch to be given this treatment.
The name of the Australian Archives was changed to the National Archives of Australia in 1998. The organisation has continued to maintain reading rooms in every state and territory and now also has a website which enables researchers to search the collection from far and wide.
The Archives has also devoted more resources to helping record users and, in 2001, introduced 'digitisation on demand' whereby users could request copies of selected records be loaded onto the Archives online database, RecordSearch.
When the Archives (Amendment) Act 2008 was passed, the open access period for most records in the National Archives collection was reduced to 20 years. This move is to be phased in over a period of 10 years.


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Posted 7 years ago
(1 item)
These are "normal" sized 12 fl ounce "cans" with the tops being aluminum and the bodies of each a "hard" transparent plastic...? The transparency is easiest to see in the clear Coca-Cola can. The two Coke cans say "Canned under the authority of the Coca-Cola Company, Atlanta, GA by (Canner's name and address appear in this space)".
Any ideas on what these are/when they were made?
Any help identifying these is appreciated!


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This month, I am participating in the Photo A Day May from Fat Mum Slim. These are the photos from week three:
14. Grass. Living in a city leads me to finding grass either in the park (there are 21 parks in SF) or, by the bases of trees on the sidewalk. This is a picture of the latter.
15. Love. I think love and hearts are linked. That's why I took a picture of these heart-shaped designs on the front of this window. I actually find a lot of these in the city.
16. What You're Reading. Cookbooks. Yes, I read cookbooks in the same way I read novels. Cover to cover. At least once. And, yes, I am reading more than one at the same time.
17. Snack. Cucumber chunks. My mom, dad, and sister can probably remember as much I can, that I always ate cucumber chunks as a snack. That's what I called them, too. Not slices or matchsticks or pieces, but chunks. Weird, I know. But healthy. How many kids (or even adults) would just snack on cucumber?
18. Something I Made. I made these scones. More on that later. 🙂