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C. amethysteus C. appalachiensis C. cibarius C. cinereus C. cinnabarinus C. formosus C. lateritius C. lutescens C. minor C. pallens C. persicinus C. subalbidus C. tabernensis C. tubaeformis C. xanthopus
Cantharellus is a genus with many popular edible mushrooms. It is a mycorrhizal edible fungus, meaning it forms symbiotic associations with plants, making it very challenging to cultivate. Caution must be used when identifying chanterelles for consumption; lookalikes, such as the Jack-O-Lantern (Omphalotus olearius), can make a person very ill. Still, the golden chanterelle is one of the most recognized edible mushrooms and can be found in Asia, Europe, North America and Australia.
Some species of Cantharellus, such as the yellowfoot chanterelle, have been re-examined and moved to the closely related genus Craterellus.
The name comes from the Greek kantharos meaning tankard.[1]//
The genus Cantharellus contains many species known generally as chanterelles, though for the most part the name refers to the most famous species C. cibarius. The following are just a few examples of the more popular edible species.C. cibarius: The best known species of this genus is the Golden chanterelle, which is orange or yellow, meaty and funnel-shaped. On the lower surface, underneath the smooth cap, it has gill-like ridges that run almost all the way down its stipe, which tapers down seamlessly from the cap. It has a fruity smell and a mildly peppery taste, and is considered an excellent food mushroom. The European girolle, a variant of C. cibarius, has a thicker stalk and stronger flavor.[2] C. subalbidus: In California and the Pacific Northwest of USA there is also the White chanterelle, which looks like the golden chanterelle except for its off-white color. It is more robust with a thicker stalk, and found in lesser numbers than the golden chanterelle, but can otherwise be treated as its yellow cousin; some believe the flavor is superior.[3] C. formosus: The Pacific golden chanterelle has recently been recognized as a separate species from the golden chanterelle. It forms a mycorrhizal association with the Douglas-fir and Sitka spruce forests of the Pacific Northwest. This chanterelle has been designated Oregon's state mushroom, due to its economic value and abundance. Cantharellus spp. Mycological characteristics ridges on hymenium cap is infundibuliform hymenium attachment is irregular or not applicable stipe is bare spore print is yellow ecology is mycorrhizal edibility: choice
Chanterelles in general go well with eggs, curry, chicken, pork, fish, beef and veal, can be used as toppings on pizzas, be stewed, marinated, sauteed, or used as filling for stuffed crêpes. Of course these are just examples; chanterelles are versatile and can be added as an ingredient to most dishes.
In European cuisine, chanterelles are often served with venison. A traditional method of preparing these mushrooms is sauteed and then used to make scrambled eggs.
Many mushroom enthusiasts just like chanterelles sauteed in butter, with a pinch of salt, a clove of fresh crushed garlic and some whipping cream. This recipe is said to bring out the subtle flavor of the chanterelle without masking it with other aromas. This recipe has the added benefit of retaining flavor even after being stored frozen.
It is a feature of Viennese cuisine.[4]
Since the mushrooms hold a lot of water, they are often prepared using a ``dry sauté`` method: after cleaning, the mushrooms are sliced and put in a covered pan over high heat with no oil or butter. The mushrooms then release much of their water, which can be allowed to boil off or be poured off and used as a stock.
Chanterelles can also be pickled in brine. Salted water is brought to a boil and pickling spices such as peppercorns, mustard seeds, and thyme are added. The mushrooms are then cooked in this solution for 5–10 minutes before being transferred to sterilized bottles along with some of the liquid. Sliced garlic and dill can be added to the bottles for extra flavor. The remaining liquid forms an excellent stock for making soup. When pickled in this way, chanterelles can last from six to twelve months.
Another storage technique is drying. Mushrooms can be dried with gentle heat in an oven at temperatures of 65°C (149°F) or less. A vacuum process is also practical on large orders. A few hours before final preparation, put dry mushrooms in water which they absorb for returning to nearly original size. Mushrooms can then be used as fresh, and will last indefinitely as dry.
Fresh chanterelles can generally be stored up to ten days in a refrigerator.
Chanterelles are associated with conifers and with oaks in California[5]and Texas.[6]
In Scotland chanterelles grow in mixed forest (silver birch and scots pine mostly) especially when the forest has plenty of moist, mossy undergrowth. They are usually (but not always) found in the same places as wild blueberries. A walk in the woods after rain should prove fruitful from late July through the Autumn.
The False Chanterelle (Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca) has finer, more orange gills and a darker cap. It is edible, but typically a culinary disappointment. The very similar Jack O'Lantern mushroom (Omphalotus olearius) and its sister species (Omphalotus olivascens) are very poisonous, though not lethal. They have true gills (unlike chanterelles) which are thinner, have distinct crowns, and generally do not reach up to the edge. Additionally, the Jack-O-Lantern mushroom is bioluminescent.


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When I realized Joel Meinholz's birthday was coming up on Feb 2nd, I decided to start looking through my old hard drives to create a little birthday edit for the site. Joel is the only skater to have a part in Static I back in 1999 and then also had ANOTHER part in 2014's Static IV. It seemed like the best way to honor 17 years of filming together would be to put together a little mash-up of raw footage that could help capture the true spirit of the chaotic viking that is Joel Meinholz. Unfortunately a lot of tapes have gone missing from the Planet Earth & Rhythm days between 2001-2006 but I think this nearly 8 minute edit does a pretty good job to capture our work together through the years. Enjoy.
Escape From New York
The Theories of Atlantis crew has been up and down the state of Florida for the past week. Now we have a little photo update from the road. There's also a tour video in progress, stay tuned for that. For now you can check out a little video piece from the Skate Park of Tampa.
La Capsule Magenta
Last summer Magenta got their whole crew together to skate the streets of Bordeaux and Paris, France. No crazy missions to get the latest combos, just simple clean skating. This is only the first edit of what they filmed and already looks really sick. Featuring: Soy Panday, Kochiro Uehara, Zach Lyons, Leo Valls, Jimmy Lannon, Vivien Feil, Ben Gore and many more.
Traffic Update
We're stoked to be checking in again with one of our favorite brands, Traffic Skateboards. They just dropped a brand new edit tonight and chose to premiere it exclusively here at TOA. Featuring: Luke Malaney, Brendan Carroll, Kevin Coakley, and Yonnie Cruz, and with appearances by Mark Wetzel, George Hanuschak, Pat Stiener, Hiroki Muraoka, Deshi, and Rich Adler. Video by Joe Bressler.
Orchard Skate Shop: Double Exposure
About a week and a half ago the TOA crew made a trip up to Boston for Pep Kim's Static 456 photo show at Orchard Skateshop, marking the second ever time his photos from the making of the video have been exhibited. Besides going to show their support for the show, Dustin Eggeling, Aaron Herrington, Kevin Coakley and Brian Clarke came along to meet up and skate around Boston with the locals. Orchard just posted the resulting video of this two part event, Double Exposure, that Joe Bressler put together recapping the event. We had a lot of fun on this trip and are always stoked to work together with a shop as rad as Orchard. Pepsi's photos will be on view at the Allston location of the shop through January. Photos from the event can be viewed over at Orchard's website.
Who is Matt Nordness?
Photos and Interview by: Bradford Bishop
It's hard enough to get noticed in the skateboarding world these days considering how good everybody is. But you at least stand a chance if you live in California or, in recent phenomenon, New York City. But if you live anywhere w/in the interior of the United States it's so difficult that you almost have to cover your body in lighter fluid and set yourself ablaze to get some eyes pointed in your direction. But in my opinion, it's these little-known cities and underground scenes that often have some of the most interesting styles and personalities.
Meet Matt Nordness. Matt is a beast on a skateboard. He shreds, films and shoots photos on the regular, yet you probably have never heard of him. The reason for this is most likely because he lives in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Not exactly the center of the skateboarding industry. If it wasn't for a good friend of Matt's who lives in the Chicago area, Brett Weinstein, we would never have heard of him ourselves. So, thanks to Brett and also photographer Bradford Bishop, we can introduce you to one of the best kept secrets of the midwest. - Josh Stewart
Whatsup Matt? I'm going to go ahead and assume most people reading this don't know much, or anything about you, so what's Matt Nordness all about these days?
Well, obviously skateboarding. I've been playing and listening to music a lot lately and I'm a nurse at the local Children's Hospital.
How has skateboarding been treating you this year?
Awesome! I feel like this year has been really good. Just been skating around Milwaukee with all my friends every day I can. We've been going down to Chicago a lot this year. I've been filming a lot and shooting a bunch of photos; I'd say so far this year has been really good!
Every time I see you, you're always smiling. Why are you so happy all the time?
I feel like I'm just a positive person in general, I don't know, maybe it's because nothing bad has ever happened to me? I guess I'm just always stoked on what I'm doing. Skating gets me hyped, I love my job, Playing music is awesome and I'm always happy when I'm eating! I guess I just don't have a good reason to not be happy.
You have diabetes, is that something that bums you out?
It's not all that bad. It only really affects me when I'm out skating if I've been skating hard all day. There's times when it sucks for sure. The worst is when you're in the middle of trying a trick and you just know your blood sugars low and you have to stop and chill out and eat a snack. I've had it since I was 16 so I'm usually prepared.
What has been like growing up and skating in the Midwest?
I've loved it, tough with the winters, but up here in Milwaukee we're pretty lucky being able to skate Cream City Skate Park whenever we want. The winters definitely make the spots a bit tougher to skate but I'd say that's what makes skateboarding in the Midwest what it is.
Do you feel like the Midwest gets the amount of coverage it deserves in skateboarding or do you think it could use a bit more?
I have mixed feelings about it. I kind of like that no one really talks about all the cities out here and that it's kind of a hidden gem in its own way. The Coasts dominate. Always have and probably always will. I like the fact that the Midwest is usually an afterthought with most Skateboarders living on the west coast or east coast. But at the same time I love watching most Midwest videos more than some of the newer videos coming out of the west coast. The spots out here just look better than what most people are skating out there. That part gets to me.
So you don't see yourself moving out of Milwaukee to the west coast to get a little more out of Skateboarding?
I don't know, I think about that all the time, but I just think I like Milwaukee and the Midwest too much to leave but at the same time it'd be cool to try something new. I don't really have an answer to that right now. I grew up here and all my friends are here and I still have a bunch of fun skating here, so I don't know.
You're a full time nurse, how does your work life mix in with skating?
It's actually pretty good. I only work 3 nights a week so I have a bunch of time to skate whenever I want. I have no complaints about how working and skating are going right now!
Are you working on filming for anything with anyone at the moment?
Yeah! I'm currently filming with Josh Ellis (WIskate) for his new video as well as Mark Dunning and John Schmoldt for their new Deep Dish video. It's been a lot of fun skating in Milwaukee and Chicago. It's crazy how different the two cities are for skating, but it's made it a lot of fun this year going back and forth from the two.
I've been skating with you for four years now and you're one of my favorite people to watch skate. Who would you say are your top five people to watch ride a skateboard?
1. Jason Dill, Photosynthesis
2. Fred Gall, Sub Zero
3. Jake Johnson, Mind Field
4. Mark Gonzales, Real to Reel
5. Every Bobby Worrest part
Do you have any trips planned before this year is over?
I definitely want to go out and skate in Pittsburgh, I was out in NYC about a month ago and it was a blast so I'd really like to get back out that way one more time this year. Maybe go somewhere in California once winter hits here. That would be ideal.
You got anybody that you'd like to thank for helping you out along the way?
Bill at Cream City and Aaron at Sky High those two do so much for Milwaukee skateboarding. Scuba over at Nike, all the homies, Insulin for keeping me alive, you and Josh for always filming and taking photos of me. Oh! And Mort and Angie for making me!
Inside The Skaters Studio With Danny Montoya
In this installment of Inside the Skater's Studio we feature Danny Montoya discussing the process behind filming his video part in Adio Footwear's "One Step Beyond". Topics include 9/11 and it's effect on video popularity, doing tricks on film once and then never again, marathon lines, and not wearing Adio shoes... except to skate. Danny is a rad, underrated skater and we're super psyched to include him in this video series.
"Traveling to Return Home" by Jerome Campbell
A couple of months ago we received a random piece of mail from London, post marked via the "Royal Mail". Intrigued, we peeled it open and discovered a rad little photo booklet by Polar Skate Co's Jerome Campbell. Not even aware that Jerome was a photographer, it was especially surprising to see such a rad piece put together so nicely with sick photography and a strong layout. It had been a long time since we added anything to the "Book Club" section on TOA, so we caught up with Jerome when he was recently passed through NYC and got him to share a little bit of the story behind the mysterious booklet that he'd sent us. So here's a little video short on Jerome Campbell's "Traveling to Return Home".
Static Northeast Section
Flashback Friday took us into the old Static archives and we realized that it's the 15 year anniversary of the original Static video and most of the original parts aren't very easy to find online. So we exported one of the sickest time capsules from the video. This section spans from Boston, down through NYC and into Philadelphia. Bill Strobeck and RB Umali were both a big help with this section. If you haven't seen this you should definitely have a quick watch before going out to skate today. Viva la Flashback Friday!
It used to only happen very once in a while that we'd get a random email from a skate filmmaker asking us to check out his new video project and help him promote it on the TOA site. And it was always pretty fun to check out new stuff from different skate scenes around the world. But over the last 6 months it's gotten to a point where we have a stack of easily 10 different dvd's waiting to be watched at any given moment. We receive so many that the mountain of unwatched videos has become intimidating and a constant reminder that we're disappointing a long list of filmers. But, as much of a bummer as it is that we can't watch every one of them, it's pretty encouraging that there are still so many skate video makers out there still adhering to the hard copy format and helping push their local skate scene.
One filmmaker took a different approach recently. An approach that started, at first, in a cryptic and kind of annoying way. About a year ago I started receiving random emails from an address I didn't recognize. The body of the email had no message, no questions or introductions, just a link and a strange random quote at the bottom.
With the first couple that I received over a span of a few weeks, I assumed them to be spam and just ignored them. But when the emails continued I finally noticed that the title of the emails I was receiving were named after different skaters. The first was titled "Greg Hunt" and yet another titled "Pontus Alv". I finally clicked "play" on one of the links and I was immediately struck by the quality of the cinematography. It almost looked like a film student's final project but the quality was much more solid and there was something very intriguing about the vibe and message of the video pieces. This mysterious email pen pal had me hooked but I knew nothing about him because when I would respond to his emails he wouldn't reply. So if he was trying to solicit some sort of help he wasn't making it very easy. Then, finally after probably my third email he finally replied and identified himself as Andrew Lovgren.
An obscure skate video maker from Kansas City, Missouri…..Missouri, who would've thought. He eventually filled me in that the links he'd been sending me were excerpts from a documentary he'd been working on and it was almost finished. I was definitely intrigued to see the final product, especially considering the bizarre nature of the stuff he had been sending me and also that the documentary featured Pontus Alv, Arto Saari, Chris Mulhern and Greg Hunt. The final project, entitled "Symirrioretry", premiered in Kansas City recently, and just as I started helping Andrew set up a NY premiere for the film he sent me an email and told me that he decided to post the video online for free. And he sent me a link.
So, after all that, the video is up and ready for viewing. And the final project is definitely just as intriguing as the short teasers that had been laid into my email inbox like breadcrumbs to a bear trap. Andrew tells the story and conveys his message in a way that I would say has not yet been done before in skateboarding. In a way, he leaves you to decipher and figure out what the message is for yourself. He may even leave you scratching your head. But his brave and risky approach definitely leaves a strong impression on you and I doubt you'll walk away from this film without being affected in some way. "Symirroretry" taps into a similar message as the German documentary from 2013 called "Pushed", coincidentally also including Pontus Alv, yet I'd say his unconventional story-telling technique gives him a more powerful voice as the filmmaker. It's a strong project and Lovgren should be proud of the final result.
Set aside 40 minutes of an evening this week and cue it up on your Netflix box. And then let us know what you thought.

subset: commoncrawl


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earthmobile needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 107 designs submitted by 41 freelance designers.
Our parent company is called ispONE, however we will are creating 2 new brands which require new logo's, One Telecom and One mobile. The One has to be the dominant feature across all.
ONE Telecom ONE Mobile
We are looking at bringing other brands into our business all surrounding the number ONE. Being the one provider, one solution, one company. The fact that ONE comes before anything else. The ONE should be the primary and dominant feature represent that we are number one in our industry.
- the must have for our brand is the O from our parent company logo, which can be found at http://www.ispone.com
- modern feel
- elite
- the feel of being with something special
- looks and feels expensive
- something people will be drawn to
- Item 1...
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Citation: Hotez PJ (2010) Neglected Infections of Poverty among the Indigenous Peoples of the Arctic. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4(1): e606. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000606
Published: January 26, 2010
Copyright: © 2010 Peter J. Hotez. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: The author received no specific funding for this study.
Competing interests: PJH is a co-founder of the Global Network for Neglected Tropical Disease Control, and an inventor on two international patents on hookworm vaccines.
Peter J. Hotez, MD, PhD, is Editor-in-Chief of PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. He is Distinguished Research Professor, Walter G. Ross Professor and Chair of his Department at George Washington University, and President of the Sabin Vaccine Institute.
The neglected tropical diseases are not always exclusively tropical as defined by their endemicity between the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere and in the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. Indeed, in previous articles, it has been pointed out that neglected infections occur wherever extreme poverty occurs [1], even in pockets of poverty in North America and Europe [2]–[4]. One of the more dramatic illustrations of poverty as the single most important determinant of neglected infections among human populations is the observation that these conditions occur among the poorest people living in the Arctic region [1]. The actual definition of Arctic region varies (Figure 1), with some experts basing it on the land and sea north of the Arctic Circle (66° 33′ N), while others, the area north of the 10°C (50°F) July isotherm corresponding to the tree line [5]. There are seven countries with significant territory in the Arctic, including Canada, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States (Alaska only) [6], although Iceland is also sometimes included. Approximately two million people live north of the Arctic Circle, with 60% living in Arctic Russia [6]. A high percentage of these populations represent aboriginal or indigenous peoples, terms still not well defined because such groups are so often marginalized that there is inadequate data for their numbers and socioeconomic parameters [7]. Arctic aboriginal peoples represent only a small percentage of the estimated 370 million indigenous people globally [7].
From Wikimedia (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arctic_big.svg), accessed August 22, 2009.
Indigenous Populations in the Arctic
In Canada, the major indigenous peoples of the Arctic are the roughly 50,000–60,000 Inuit (Table 1) [8],[9]. This population represents the smallest of Canada's three major aboriginal populations, which also include one million people belonging to more than 600 First Nations peoples, and 300,000 Métis [9]. Approximately one-half of the Inuit live in the northeastern territory of Nunavut (where they constitute 85% of the population), less than one-fourth in northern Quebec (i.e., Nunavik), and the remainder in northern Labrador or in Yukon and the Northwest Territories [10]. Many of the Inuit communities are extremely isolated and accessible only by airplane or boat [10]. Another 50,000 Kalaalit Inuit make up almost 90% of the population of Greenland [10]. The Kalaalit Inuit are considered closely related to the Inuit in northern Canada [9]. In Alaska there are roughly 100,000 indigenous people (known as Alaskan natives) that make up 16% of the state's population [10]. In addition to the Inuit Inupiat, the Alaskan natives also include the Aleut and Alutiiq peoples who separated from the Inuit approximately 4,000 years ago, and are differentiated in part by their historical contacts with indigenous peoples living in Siberia, and with Native Americans living on the Northwest Coast of the United States (including the Athabascan) [10]. In Siberia, according to the Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North, there is a total aboriginal population of 250,000 from more than 40 ethnic groups, including approximately 40,000 Nenets, 35,000 Evenk, 30,000 Khanty, and 20,000 Even [11]. Finally, in the Nordic countries of Norway, Finland, and Sweden live roughly 60,000 Sami [12], although the exact number is considered by some controversial because of their high degree of assimilation within the Nordic populations.
A review of literature (papers or abstracts in English only), using as MEDLINE/PubMed medical subject headings (MeSHs) the specific diseases listed as the neglected tropical diseases on the PLoS Neglected Tropical Disease Web site (http://www.plosntds.org) and the geographic regions and countries of the Arctic, over the last two decades but with emphasis on the last 10 years (reference lists of identified articles and reviews were also manually searched), reveals a modest literature on infectious diseases of the North American aboriginal populations but far less on the larger Russian-Siberian populations. This observation likely reflects the bias introduced by examining only literature in English, together with more than 20 years of outstanding work by several Canadian universities and institutes, particularly studies in Nunavik conducted by investigators at McGill University and in Alaska by the Arctic Investigations Program of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Arctic Infectious Diseases and Other Health Disparities
In their recent overview on indigenous health Gracey and King point out that globally, the almost 400 million indigenous people live in poor health linked to "poverty, malnutrition, overcrowding, poor hygiene, environmental contamination, and prevalent infections" [7]. Indeed, compared to non-aboriginal Canadians the Inuit suffer disproportionately from high rates of chronic conditions such as smoking and obesity, and have a life expectancy that is roughly 8–12 years shorter [10]. According to the Library of the Canadian Parliament, the Inuit exhibit high rates of injuries from accidents, and their suicide rates are 11 times the national average [8]. In addition, the Inuit living in Canada and Greenland suffer from high incidence of alcohol and other substance abuse, sexual abuse, and family violence, and often live in overcrowded conditions [8],[13]. They live in isolated communities and their employment is frequently limited to either traditional activities of hunting and fishing, or working as wage-earners in the Government or service industries [8]. Unemployment rates in Canada are high [8], and a 2001 survey by the Canadian Government revealed that 34% of Inuit living in northern Canada reported that at certain times of the year their drinking water is contaminated [9].
It is not surprising that in this setting of stress, socioeconomic deprivation, and environmental degradation infectious diseases would flourish. Indeed, overall the world's indigenous people in general suffer from high rates of infections such as ectoparasitic skin infestations, upper and lower respiratory tract infections and central nervous system infections from bacterial invasive organisms and tuberculosis, childhood illnesses (due to low vaccine coverage), diarrheal and intestinal helminth infections, urinary tract infections, bone and musculoskeletal infections, and in some cases, HIV/AIDS and malaria [7]. Shown in Table 2 are listed some of the major infections found with increased frequency (relative to their nonaboriginal counterparts) among aboriginal populations living in Canada, Greenland, and Alaska. Higher rates of respiratory infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Bordetella pertussis have been noted among Alaska natives [14], and other invasive bacterial infections among the Inuit in Greenland [15]. With increasing vaccine coverage for H. influenzae type b, a new serotype, H. influenzae type a, has emerged among children less than 2 years of age among Alaskan natives and the Inuit in Canada [16]. Both otitis media and lower respiratory tract infection rates are higher among Inuit children in northern Quebec compared to non-native populations, with hospital admission rates for lower respiratory tract infections up to 10 times higher [17]. Among the risk factors for hospital admissions for Inuit children less than 2 years of age with lower respiratory tract infections (especially respiratory syncytial virus infection) are smoking in pregnancy, overcrowding, and non-breast feeding [18]. While the risk of hepatitis A in Canada is considered low [19], both hepatitis B and C are important causes of chronic liver disease among Alaskan Native people [20]. However, among the Inuit in Greenland a special variant of hepatitis B may be present that produces mild or dormant disease [21]. Hepatitis E infection is prevalent among the Canadian Inuit and there is interest in determining whether caribou meat may serve as a source [22]. Gastrointestinal infection with Helicobacter pylori among the Inuit and Alaskan natives has been observed [10]. High rates of iron deficiency anemia have been described in Arctic populations infected with H. pylori [10], [23]–[25], which presumably occurs through gastritis and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Arctic Neglected Infections of Poverty
Parasitic helminth and protozoan infections are also common among the Inuit in Canada and Greenland and among Alaskan natives. The concept of neglected infections of poverty among the Inuit and Alaska natives was introduced previously [1], and this concept is expanded here. Many of these parasitic infections are foodborne and are transmitted through uncooked or inadequately prepared meats from polar bear and sea mammals such as walrus or seals, while others are zoonoses transmitted from close associations with the livestock unique to the Arctic region such as reindeer and elk.
Helminth infections.
The major helminthiases among indigenous Arctic populations are trichinellosis, diphyllobothriasis, and echinococcosis. Arctic outbreaks of trichinellosis have been described since the 1940s when a large outbreak in West Greenland from infected walrus and polar bear resulted in more than 400 cases and 37 deaths [26]. Ultimately, more an estimated 40,000 Greenland Inuit were noted to be infected by the mid-1980s [27].
More recently, outbreaks of trichinellosis were noted among the Canadian Inuit [27],[28]; with the largest involving 42 individuals living at the northern tip of Nunavik [27],[28]. MacLean and his colleagues (see In Memoriam, below) reviewed the incidence rates of Arctic trichinellosis and reported that in the United States, Alaska had the highest rate, with 1.8 cases per 100,000 per year, compared with 0.05 cases per 100,000 per year for the entire country, while in the northernmost region of Canada the incidence rate was as high as 11 cases per 100,000 per year, compared with 0.06 cases per 100,000 per year for all of Canada [27]. The natural history and etiology of Arctic trichinellosis is quite distinct from other forms of this helminth infection. In addition to its relationship to consumption of polar bear and walrus meat, the Arctic infection is caused by a unique Trichinella nativa species that has the ability to withstand freezing temperatures [27],[28]. This feature presumably allows the nurse cell stages of the parasite to survive in the flesh of carcasses deposited on the ice long enough until they are ingested by another mammal. In humans T. nativa infection also exhibits several unique clinical features. Whereas primary infection resembles other forms of trichinellosis, i.e., a short intestinal phase followed by the classical features associated with muscle invasion including fever, muscle pain and weakness, and edema, recurrent infection with T. nativa produces largely prolonged diarrhea [27],[28]. Both forms of the illness are associated with eosinophilia [27],[28]. In Nunavik, based on the observation that 11 outbreaks of trichinellosis occurred between 1982 and 1999 with all but two caused by ingesting walrus meat, an innovative prevention program has been launched in which regional laboratories test the meat of harvested walrus for the presence of Trichinella larvae and then rapidly disseminate the testing results to potentially affected communities [29]. A key feature of the program was the participation and willingness of the hunters to provide meat samples for testing and then wait for test results before distributing or consuming the meat.
In addition to trichinellosis, diphyllobothriasis (fish tapeworm) is endemic to Alaska and elsewhere in the Arctic region [30]–[32], and both cystic and alveolar forms of echinococcosis still occur. Rausch [33] has extensively studied the northern biotype of Echinococcus granulosus, the etiologic agent of cystic echinococcosis in the Arctic region where natural enzootic life cycles between wolf and wild reindeer and wolf and elk exist. At one time human cystic echinococcosis was highly prevalent among aboriginal populations living in Alaska and the Canadian Arctic as a consequence of using dogs for hunting and herding activities [33]. However, as dogs have been replaced by mechanized vehicles in the region, the rates of human cystic echinococcosis have declined precipitously in North America, although the rates of infection remain high and may even be increasing in northern Russia and Siberia [33]. In North America, alveolar echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus multilocularis is a rare infection, although sporadic cases have been described in a small hyperendemic area in Western Alaska [34]. The infection is believed to still be prevalent in Russia [34]. A more exhaustive listing of the helminth and other parasites in the Arctic is found in reference [35].
Protozoan infections.
In terms of prevalence and disease burden toxoplasmosis is probably the most important parasitic infection in the North American Arctic [36],[37]. In 1987 an outbreak of toxoplasmosis was investigated in Nunavik after physicians working in a regional hospital noted that four of thirty women seroconverted during their pregnancies [36]. Seroconversion was linked to skinning of animals and consumption of caribou meat and seal liver and dried seal meat [36], and it was presumed that transmission resulted from ingestion of bradyzoites from either caribou or seal, or both. In a follow-up cross-sectional study among 917 adult Inuit in Nunavik the overall seroprevalence for Toxoplasma gondii infection was considered very high at 60% [37]. A somewhat surprising association was a link observed between T. gondii infection and consumption of unfiltered surface water. Given the overall absence of cats in this area there is interest in determining whether lynx (a wild cat in the region) could be responsible, and whether infective oocysts could wash into the sea by surface water runoff thereby contaminating the marine environment [37]. Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis also occur in the Arctic region [38],[39]. The finding of Giardia parasites in seals in Nunavik suggests the possibility that this infection is acquired through zoonotic transmission [39].
Concluding Statement
The high rates of neglected infection of poverty among indigenous populations living in Alaska, Greenland, and the Canadian Arctic require further investigation, especially the identification and role of definitive and intermediate hosts in the transmission of toxoplasmosis, trichinellosis, and giardiasis. Given the high rates of toxoplasmosis a program of newborn screening should be implemented for these populations, so that at-risk infants could begin antiprotozoan chemotherapy. The dearth of information on neglected infections among indigenous populations living in Russia and Siberia also suggests that increased efforts are required for active surveillance for the most common infections in this region and to step up measures for studying the area's unique ecology and infection transmission dynamics. Ultimately, programs for prevention of neglected infections may need implementation for all of the indigenous peoples living in the Arctic region.
IN MEMORIAM: John Dick Fleming MacLean, MD, FRCP(C), MRCP (UK), DCMT (London), 1940–2009
Dr. J. Dick MacLean (Figure 2) completed medical training at Queens University in 1966. He subsequently specialized in Internal Medicine and Tropical Medicine (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine). He then taught at the Gombak Aborigine Hospital in Malaysia, the University of Nairobi in Kenya, and the University of Hawaii Program in Japan before returning to McGill University in 1980. He was quickly named director of the McGill University Centre for Tropical Diseases (TDC) which he nurtured and defended for almost three decades. Under his stewardship, the TDC grew into a renowned national referral center committed to patient care, both clinical and basic research, and especially training and education. Countless students, colleagues, and organizations have benefited from his knowledge of clinical tropical medicine over the years. Dr. MacLean gave generously of his time and expertise, including to the Public Health Agency of Canada through service on expert committees (e.g., Canadian Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel), Canadian and American International Health Societies (e.g., Canadian Society for International Health, Canadian University Consortium for Health in Development, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene) and many others. He published 92 papers in the peer-reviewed literature and contributed many chapters to texts focused on tropical medicine. Perhaps paradoxically for a "tropical diseases doctor," in Canada his name will always be linked to research on new parasitic diseases in northern communities (e.g., endemic trichinosis, Metorchis conjunctus). Dr. MacLean died on 22 January 2009 following complications from surgery. In recognition of his exemplary career, McGill University has re-named the TDC the J. D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases. His greatest legacy, however, is reflected in the generations of students, trainees, and colleagues who benefited from his teaching and counsel and who were inspired by him to become better citizens of the world.
Contributed by Theresa W. Gyorkos, Michael Libman, and Brian J. Ward
- 1.
Hotez PJ (2008) Forgotten People, Forgotten Diseases: The Neglected Tropical Diseases and their Impact on Global Health and Development. Washington DC: ASM Press. 218 p.
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- 3. Hotez PJ (2009) One world health: neglected tropical diseases in a flat world. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e405.
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Solarnavigator.net (2009) The Arctic – North Pole. Available: http://www.solarnavigator.net/geography/arctic_north_pole.htm. Accessed August 22, 2009.
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New World Encyclopedia (2008) Arctic Circle. Available: http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Arctic_Circle. Accessed August 21, 2009.
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Simeone T (2008) The Arctic: Northern Aboriginal peoples. Library of Parliament INFOSERIES, Parliamentary Information and Research Service Publication PRB 08-10E, 24 October 2008, http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/library/PRBpubs/prb0810-e.pdf, accessed August 20, 2009.
- 9. King M, Smith A, Gracey M (2009) Indigenous health part 2: the underlying causes of the health gap. Lancet 374: 76–85.
- 10. Goodman KJ, Jacobson K, Veldhuyzen van Zanten S (2008) Helicobacter pylori infection in Canadian and related Arctic Aboriginal populations. Can J Gastroenterol 22: 289–295.
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Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North (2006) Populations. Available: http://www.raipon.info/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7&Itemid=10. Accessed August 22, 2009.
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Swedish Press (1997) The Sami People. Available: http://www.nordicway.com/search/Sami.htm. Accessed August 22, 2009.
- 13. Bjerregaard P, Young TK, Dewailly E, Ebbesson SO (2004) Indigenous health in the Arctic: an overview of the circumpolar Inuit population. Scand J Public Health 32: 390–395.
- 14. Singleton R, Holve S, Groom A, McMahon BJ, Santosham M, et al. (2009) Impact of immunizations on the disease burden of American Indian and Alaska native children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 163: 446–453.
- 15. Myer A, Ladefoged K, Poulsen P, Koch A (2008) Population-based survey of invasive bacterial diseases, Greenland, 1995–2004. Emerg Infect Dis 14: 76–79.
- 16. Bruce MG, Deeks SL, Zulz T, Navarro C, Palacios C, et al. (2008) Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae serotype a, North American Arctic, 2000–2005. Emerg Infect Dis 14: 48–55.
- 17. Dallaire F, Dewailly E, Vezina C, Bruneau S, Ayotte P (2006) Portrait of outpatient visits and hospitalizations for acute infections in Nunavik preschool children. Can J Public Health 97: 362–368.
- 18. Banerji A, Greenberg D, White LF, Macdonald WA, Saxton A, et al. (2009) Risk factors and viruses associated with hospitalization due to lower respiratory tract infections in Canadian Inuit children: a case-control study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 28: 697–701.
- 19. Duval B, DeSerres G, Ochinio J, Scheifele D, Gilca V (2005) Nationwide Canadian study of hepatitis A antibody prevalence among children eight to thirteen years old. Pediatr Infect Dis J 24: 514–519.
- 20. Fischer GE, Bialek SP, Homan CE, Livington SE, McMahon BJ (2008) Chronic liver disease among Alaska-Native people, 2003–2004. Am J Gastroenterol 104: 363–370.
- 21. Krarup HB, Andersen S, Madsen PH, Okkels H, Hvingel BH, et al. (2008) Benign course of long-standing hepatitis B virus infection among Greenland Inuit? Scand J Gastroenterol 43: 334–343.
- 22. Minuk GY, Sun A, Sun DF, Uhanova J, Nicolle LE, et al. (2007) Serological evidence of hepatitis E virus infection in an indigenous North American population. Can J Gastroenterol 21: 439–442.
- 23. Christofides A, Schauer C, Zlotkin SH (2005) Iron deficiency and anemia prevalence and associated etiologic risk factors in First Nations and Inuit communities in Northern Ontario and Nunavut. Can J Public Health 96: 304–307.
- 24. Baggett HC, Parkinson AJ, Muth PT, Gold BD, Gessner BD (2006) Endemic iron deficiency associated with Helicobacter pylori infection among school-aged children in Alaska. Pediatrics 117: e396–404.
- 25. Jamieson JA, Kuhnlein HV (2008) The paradox of anemia with high meat intake: a review of the multifactorial etiology of anemia in the Inuit of North America. Nutr Rev 66: 256–271.
- 26. Moller LN, Petersen E, Kapel CM, Melbye M, Koch A (2005) Outbreak of trichinellosis associated with consumption of game meat in West Greenland. Vet Parasitol 132: 131–136.
- 27. MacLean JD, Viallet J, Law C, Staudt M (1989) Trichinosis in the Canadian Arctic: report of five outbreaks and a new clinical syndrome. J Infect Dis 160: 513–520.
- 28. MacLean JD, Poirier L, Gyorkos TW, Proulx J-F, Bourgeault J, et al. (1992) Epidemiologic and serologic definition of primary and secondary trichinosis in the Arctic. J Infect Dis 165: 908–912.
- 29. Proulx J-F, MacLean JD, Gyorkos TW, Leclair D, Richter A-K, et al. (2002) Novel prevention program for trichinellosis in Inuit communities. Clin Infect Dis 34: 1508–1514.
- 30. Wolfgang RW (1954) Indian and Eskimo diphyllobothriasis. Can Med Assoc J 70: 536–539.
- 31. Scholz T, Garcia HH, Kuchta R, Wicht B (2009) Update on the human broad tapeworm (genus Diphyllobothrium) including clinical relevance. Clin Microbiol Rev 22: 146–160.
- 32. Brown M, Green JE, Boag TJ, Kuitunen-Ekbaum E (1950) Parasitic infections in the Eskimos at Igloolik, NWT. Can J Public Health 41: 508–512.
- 33. Rausch RL (2003) Cystic echinococcosis in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic. Parasitology 127: S73–S85.
- 34. Wilson JF, Rausch RL, Wilson R (1995) Alveolar hydatid disease: review of the surgical experience in 42 cases of active disease among Alaskan Eskimos. Annal Surg 221: 315–323.
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Akuffo H, Linder E, Ljungstrom I, Wahlgren M (2003) Parasites of the colder climates United States and Canada. Taylor & Francis.
- 36. McDonald JC, Gyorkos TW, Alberton B, MacLean JD, Richer G, et al. (1990) An outbreak of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Northern Quebec. J Infect Dis 161: 769–774.
- 37. Messier V, Levesque B, Proulx JF, Rochette L, Libman MD, et al. (2009) Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among Nunavik Inuit (Canada). Zoonoses Public Health 56: 188–197.
- 38. Brown M, Sinclair RG, Cronk LB, Clark GC, Kuitunen-Ekbaum E (1948) Intestinal parasites of Eskimos on Southampton Island, Northwest Territories. Can J Public Health 39: 451–454.
- 39. Dixon BR, Parrington LJ, Parenteau M, Leclair D, Santin M, et al. (2008) Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in the intestinal contents of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) and bearded seals (Erignatus barbatus) in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada. J Parasitol 94: 1161–1163.


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'High probability' of hiring freeze, furloughs.
Civilian personnel in the Defense Department will be "seriously affected" if a budget sequester takes effect next year, the Pentagon's top budget official said Tuesday.
There will be a "high probability" of both a hiring freeze and furloughs of current employees should Congress allow the sequestration process to go forward, said Robert Hale, undersecretary of Defense and chief financial officer. Hale spoke at a Government Executive event in Arlington, Va.
A hiring freeze and furloughs "probably can't be avoided" in a sequester scenario, Hale said. He said the department "probably won't look at reductions-in-force" to achieve savings as part of sequestration because they cost too much money. He also said he couldn't give any specific numbers on possible furloughs.
"There's a long process with furloughs," Hale said. "It will adversely affect our missions, mot to mention the people involved."
"We need to stop this because it's not good policy and we need to avoid it," Hale said of the looming cutbacks.
He said the Defense Department had yet to do detailed planning for a potential sequester. "We don't have a specific timetable" for such planning, he added, "but I'm mindful that we're going to have to figure one out fairly soon." The department is consulting with the Office of Management and Budget on the planning process.
"I know this frustrates people, but we don't have a detailed plan," he said.
Hale said that in the absence of a sequester, Defense would, on the whole, be able to operate normally under a six-month continuing resolution that Congress approved on Saturday. But he said even that would present significant management and budgetary challenges. For example, the CR does not give the department the authority to start new weapons programs, or to increase production rates. "It's inefficient and unfortunate," Hale said of stop-and-start budgeting. "We need Congress to return to an orderly budget process."
NEXT STORY: Analysis: The path to war with Iran


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In the wake of yesterday's defeat in the Presidential election, one possible response on the part of Congressional Republicans is to take the same approach that they took during Obama's first term:
"Just say no."
Specifically, whatever Obama wants, just say no.
A couple of years ago, this approach led to the Republicans refusing to reach a "grand bargain" on our debt and deficit crisis and instead taking the country to the brink of a default. If there was a compelling argument for this behavior other than "just say no," it wasn't apparent.
The goal of this approach appeared to be to make Obama a one-term President.
And it almost worked.
The Republican refusal to do anything Obama wanted made Obama look ineffective. And Obama's being unable to forge compromise was actually one of the most legitimate criticisms of his first term.
But now that the attempt to make Obama a one-term President has failed, the Republicans have a choice. They can either double down and keep saying "no." Or, like responsible leaders, they can try to forge compromises and get this country moving forward again.
For the sake of the country, let's hope it's the latter.
One of the first tests of the possibly-new Republican approach will be the fiscal cliff.
On January 1, by law, tax rates are going to go up and government spending is going to get cut.
The Republicans can't stop that from happening by just saying no. They can only stop it by compromising.
The Obama Administration is likely to propose a solution to the fiscal cliff by cutting taxes for the middle class but not for the richest Americans.
If the Republicans "just say no" to that proposal, they will put themselves in a position of rejecting a tax cut.
Given that the main economic plank of the Republican party is cutting taxes, a refusal to go along with a middle class tax cut will be the very definition of obstinance--and, with it, government dysfunction.
So it will be interesting to see how the Republicans handle this one.
Here's hoping they compromise.


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Cloning Fan-In
MartinPacker 11000094DH Visits (8802)
Suppose you have a set of numbers S over which you define a function f. Further suppose you partition S into S 1 and S 2 . I'd like to know what function g is such that g({f(S 1 ),f(S 2 )}) = f(S). As much to the point I'd like to understand which functions f even have a corresponding function g that meets the condition. Whoa! Was that pretentious enough for you? Let me start again… When I've... [More]
Two Kinds Of Pipes
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It's been a while since I last posted here. And that's been more a matter of being incredibly busy than anything. Some of you will have seen me "on stage" - there having been several conferences and user groups recently. Some of you were with me at the zChampions meeting and some of you I'm actively working on customer situations with. (By the way one of the rules of zChampions isn't... [More]
I Said "Parallelise Not "Paralyse" Part 4 - Implementation
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Now with free map , this is the concluding part of a four part series on batch parallelisation, with especial focus on cloning. In previous parts I discussed: Motivation Classification Issues This part wraps up with thoughts on implementation. I'm going to break it down into: Analysis Making Changes Monitoring While there probably are iterations of this, this is the essential 1-2-3 sequence within... [More]
I Said "Parallelise" Not "Paralyse" Part 3 - Issues
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Part 1 and Part 2 were, in my opinion a little abstract. But I think they needed to be: They set the scene for why parallelising your batch can be important. They gave some vocabulary and semantics to help structure our thoughts. Now we need to go a little deeper. Let's start with how to think about the problem of making a job or set of jobs more parallel. Hetereogeneous Parallelism Here the trick... [More]
I Said "Parallelise" Not "Paralyse" Part 2 - Classification
MartinPacker 11000094DH Visits (10715)
I hope you don't get the idea I'm overly into rigour, talking about Classification. But I think it has to be done - to provide terminology for this series of posts. This is the second of four posts on Batch Parallelism, following on from Motivation . If I think about how parallelism works in batch it broadly falls into two camps: Heterogeneous Homogeneous ( If you look these two terms up in... [More]
I Said "Parallelise" Not "Paralyse" Part 1 - Motivation
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I have enormous trouble pronouncing "parallelise" right - and not saying "paralyse". It's true, and I bet many of you have the same trouble (sober or not). It's on a par with "red lorry yellow lorry" or "the Leith Police dismisseth us". But it's a word I think we're going to have to get used to pronouncing right. And this post will explain why. This looks to... [More]
Batch Capacity Planning, Part 2 - Memory
MartinPacker 11000094DH Visits (12352)
I can't believe it's been almost a week since I wrote Batch Capacity Planning, Part 1 - CPU . Where did the time go? Re-reading it I'm struck by the overwhelming theme of Batch's unpredictability and lumpiness. This is true of memory, as well, but to a much lesser degree. Why to a lesser degree? Well, in most systems I look at the memory usage is mostly fairly constant and dominated by big... [More]


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Search crews are in the area of Mountain Top Estates and Timothy Lake Campground, searching for a diabetic man who has been missing since Monday.
Search crews are in the area of Mountain Top Estates and Timothy Lake Campground, searching for a diabetic man who has been missing since Monday.
Bushkill Fire Department, State Police and search and rescue crews are looking for Hee Chol Kim, 61, of Middle Smithfield Township. Kim was reported missing by his wife between 1 and 3 p.m. Monday.
Kim is believed to have left his house on foot wearing a beige jacket with a hood, navy blue wind pants and black sneakers. He is Asian, about 5 feet 6 inches with a skinny build and salt and pepper hair. He was last believed to be in the area of Mountain Top Estates.
He has been known to become disoriented and wander off, police said.
Search and rescue crews include Pocono Search and Rescue, Northeast Search and Rescue and East Penn Search and Rescue. A medical helicopter is aiding in the search.
Bushkill Fire Department members are stopping cars in the area to show them a photo of Kim.
At about 2:30 this morning residents of Mountain Top Estates were awakened by a helicopter hovering overhead. One resident reported that "it was so loud my windows were rattling." The helicopter was part of the Pennsylvania State Police search effort. Search dogs were also on the scene.
Anyone with information about Kim is asked to call Pennsylvania State Police at Swiftwater at 570-839-7701.


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The spectacular 22-year partnership of Walt Disney Co. and producer Jerry Bruckheimer will come to an end next year, signaling the Burbank company's changing priorities and how the shifting sands of the movie business are affecting A-list producers.
The producer's first-look deal with Walt Disney Studios will not be renewed when it expires in 2014, ending a run that resulted in 27 movies — from early hits like "The Rock" and "Armageddon" to the long-running "Pirates of the Caribbean" franchise — and almost $9 billion in box-office receipts.
But Bruckheimer's most recent picture, "The Lone Ranger," released July 3, was a costly disappointment for Disney and led to speculation among Hollywood observers that Bruckheimer's relationship with the studio would soon end.
In an interview with The Times, Bruckheimer acknowledged the picture's poor performance, but said the separation from Disney was set in motion long before "The Lone Ranger" grossed just $245 million against a production budget estimated at $250 million.
"It's never about one movie," said Bruckheimer, who turns 70 on Saturday. "This was something that was coming long before 'Lone Ranger' was made."
The filmmaker said rather that he and Disney don't want to make the same kinds of movies anymore, and he lamented Disney's decision in 2010 to stop releasing in-house productions under its Touchstone Pictures label, which was home to many of the producer's biggest hits.
"We wanted to make the kind of movies we made in the past with Touchstone," he said. "But unfortunately they have a business plan that doesn't include the kind of movies we made in the past."
Bruckheimer and producing partner Don Simpson — who had been enormously successful on the Paramount lot with "Flashdance," "Beverly Hills Cop," "Top Gun" and other movies — signed a deal with Disney in 1991. The duo's first movie for the studio was 1994's "The Ref," a disappointment that was followed in 1995 by successes "Dangerous Minds," "Crimson Tide" and "Bad Boys." Simpson died in 1996.
"Jerry is one of those unique people with a unique set of talents that comes along every so often that you just want to be a part of," said Dick Cook, chairman of Walt Disney Studios from 2002 to 2009.
However, Cook added, "Clearly everybody is watching their costs, everybody is watching how expensive these movies are, how expensive they are to market. Everybody is trying to get the biggest bang for every dollar."
When Bruckheimer began making movies for the Burbank studio, Marvel Studios, Lucasfilm and Pixar Animation Studios weren't in the Disney fold, and the studio relied heavily on independent producers.
But with Marvel and Pixar reliably churning out hits like the "Iron Man" franchise — and Disney's 2012 acquisition of Lucasfilm ensuring a steady pipeline of "Star Wars" movies — the studio has become less inclined to make the sort of riskier, more adult fare that Bruckheimer said he wants to pursue.
"Disney's strategy with Marvel and 'Star Wars' played a big role in this," said analyst Harold Vogel, who has long covered Disney. "They've made no secret of the direction they are going in. Their strategic direction is away from these kinds of films that [Bruckheimer] is known for."
Vogel also noted that studios generally are "trying to prune or cut back on production deals on the lot because basically they cost too much."
In recent years, other studios have cut ties with big-name producers. Last year, for example, "The Matrix" producer Joel Silver parted ways with Warner Bros., with which he had a 25-year relationship.
Also, "The Lone Ranger," which will result in a loss of as much as $190 million for Disney, wasn't Bruckheimer's only recent disappointment.
Since 2009, the producer's "The Sorcerer's Apprentice," "Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time" and "G-Force" have all fallen short of expectations.
"If you look at the last five years … everything else has missed the mark to greater or lesser extent," said Bruce Nash, head of film business analytics firm Nash Information Services. "I think that will influence the studio's thinking. Do they really want to spend another $200 million on a film?"
Bruckheimer will remain partners with Disney on the fifth film in the "Pirates" franchise, which has generated $3.73 billion in global box-office receipts, and is developing another picture in the "National Treasure" series.
"We will continue to work together in the future, and we look forward to seeing more of the films that have made Jerry Bruckheimer a Hollywood legend," Walt Disney Studios Chairman Alan Horn said in a statement.
Disney said this month that the fifth film in the Johnny Depp-starring "Pirates" franchise would not be released as planned on July 10, 2015.
Production of the "Pirates" picture was supposed to have begun early next year, but people with knowledge of the matter have said it is delayed because of the project's incomplete script and the studio's crowded 2015 slate, which includes a "Cinderella" reboot, "The Avengers: Age of Ultron" and animated movie "Inside Out."
Beyond the "Pirates" and "National Treasure" projects, Bruckheimer has several other movies being readied for release or in development, including a film adaptation of "Apaches," the 1997 Lorenzo Carcaterra novel about rogue New York City police officers.
Bruckheimer, who has long pursued the project said, "It's hard one — we love it. We don't give up."
Sony Pictures Entertainment's Screen Gems unit will release Bruckheimer's "Beware the Night," a picture starring Eric Bana about a police officer investigating crimes involving the occult and demons. The gritty thriller is scheduled for release in January 2015.
It's the sort of film that Bruckheimer envisions making elsewhere because, he said, "We can't develop this kind of movie now" at Disney.
Bruckheimer said he'd continue to split time between his film and television businesses, the latter of which has produced such hit franchises as "CSI" and "The Amazing Race." His TV banner, Jerry Bruckheimer Television, has a deal with Warner Bros. Television.
But Bruckheimer made his bones in the film world, building a legacy at Disney he is happy to defend.
"Not that we hit it every time, but the track record speaks for itself," he said.


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Muttville's Annual Senior Prom 2018
Muttville Senior Dog Rescue held its annual fundraiser, Senior Prom on August 25th at Citi View at Metreon. Summer of Love was the theme and guests certainly dressed the part! Twenty adoptable senior dogs took the stage vying for the Prom Court, and two dogs won the title of Prom Kings—Petrie and Edamame—and both were adopted at the gala!
Muttville founder Sherri Franklin spoke about how Muttville adopted over 1,000 senior dogs in one year, and Auctioneer Lenny Broberg encouraged guests to raise their paddles for the auction.
Chef Ryan Scott took the stage to help auction off his priceless evening for eight: a special meal created by Ryan and other Top Chef friends with jazz great Paula West crooning at Ken Fulk's Magic Factory Salon.
Photography by Irja Elisa Photography. For more info, visit www.muttville.org


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|Essais critiques PDF or ePub books
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I'm so happy you
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Organizations like the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Peoples' Agenda, Girl Scouts, possibly the Boy Scouts and now the National Association of Black Journalists (NABJ), and individuals like Rev. Al Sharpton, Rev. Jesse Jackson, and the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) are taking gifts, donations, and incentives from Planned Parenthood and other anti-life and anti-natural family organizations.
My grandfather Dr. Martin Luther King used to call this form of wandering from truth "nibbling sweet grass" with a little sheep wandering from his pasture into the temptations offered across the fence. The little sheep started nibbling a little bit until he swallowed the whole lot and caboodle and ended up with a noose around his neck.
This is what's happening to people who take money from PPH. The organizations that want to promote sexual promiscuity, immorality, abortions, and non-procreative marital unions are following Margaret Sanger's lead when she said that the undesirable people are like human weeds, she counted in that category the very poor, the African Americans and the disabled. The survival of the fittest was her premise. She said that to weed out the population you use an educational approach and you cultivate spokespersons from those communities, the African American community for example.
With the help of these organization and individuals, Margaret Sanger's eugenics plan of exterminating the Black community is coming to fruition. First, it was birth control and The Birth Control League and now it's abortion and Planned Parenthood.
That's what's going on now with the black journalists. A lot of their advertising money for their organization comes from Planned Parenthood. And to make matters worse, a large portion of the money that they spread around is our tax dollars given to them by our government.
By the way, my uncle Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. didn't drink the Kool-Aid, he was pro-life. Let's help our organization get back on the pro-life track too!


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The importance of play — for kids and adults
Jeri Kayser
When people try and remember the name of my profession, child life specialist, they often shorten it to "play lady." That used to bug me when I was a young professional and ready to solve all of the world's problems, but now I recognize the compliment. We breathe, drink and eat to stay alive – we play to bring forth a reason for all of that effort. Play is how we learn about our world, practice that knowledge and foster our sense of well-being and personal joy; it's an honor to promote play in the world of health care, but it's not without its challenges.
One current challenge is tied to the hot topic in popular culture about the value of gaming devices. Is playing a game on a smartphone when you're 2 years old considered quality play? Short answer: No. The Academy of Pediatrics recommends no screen time for kids 2 and younger and only one to two hours a day for older children. The core aspect of the definition of "play" is that it's self-directive. You're deciding what you're going to do with whatever you're interacting with. One of the problems with electronic games is that game designers have done most of that for you.
Your toddler recognizes the status that phone holds, and it works for a bit to keep a child distracted from the fact that he or she is in the hospital or in a long checkout line at the grocery store.
So what can we use to help guide our decisions to promote healthy play? A great way to look at this is similar to how we all work to promote healthy choices for our diet. Potato chips are fine for an occasional treat, but we wouldn't want to eat them all the time. If we did, we'd feel awful. Video games kind of are the junk food of play. The more the play requires from the child, the better the value and healthier the choice.
I notice this in the hospital when I come into a room to meet with a family about what to expect with surgery. People often are busy with an electronic device, but as soon as we start to talk, the interest is there to engage and the devices get turned off. When I bring a toy or some arts and crafts activities, kids always gravitate towards that; they want what they need.
I used to work in a summer daycare program for school-aged kids. We would spend the morning on a field trip and the afternoon at a beach. The director wanted us to provide structured activities for the kids in the afternoon, but we quickly learned that the combination of water, sand and friends led to a more-creative, imaginative and enriched play than anything with which we could have come up. Hands-on play, where a child uses his or her imagination and ideas to self-discover, creates the best learning environment.
I heard an interesting story on public radio on my long commute home. At the electronic show in Austin, Texas, at the South by Southwest conference, the big news at the conference was the "Maker Movement," stressing the importance of hands-on play to promote understanding of how our world works. They interviewed an inventor, Ayah Bdeir, who created a toy of electronic bits that fit together with magnets, creating circuits. With this process, you can make all kinds of fun things. He explained the value of this explorative play by stating, "We need to remember that we are all makers and touching things with our hands is powerful and inspiring."
In another century, another scientist noted the same thing. Albert Einstein declared, "Play is the highest form of research."
Self-directed play offers the healthiest value for our play "diet," and this extends throughout our lives. We all need to play. As I wrote this, I overheard a conversation between two anesthesiologists talking about how they used play to help them cope with life stressors. One likes his guitar, while the other enjoys making remote-control helicopters.
This important fact, one of the highest forms of self-care, needs to be part of the planning of how we provide health care. Play is important for all age groups, not just those adorable preschoolers. We need to incorporate this in everything we do, for teens, parents and staff.
Late Irish playwright George Bernard Shaw said it best: "We don't stop playing because we grow old; we grow old because we stop playing."
Jeri Kayser is a child life specialist at Children's Minnesota.


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Programmatic Marketing: Beyond RTB is aimed at marketers, agencies, and publishers who want to understand the new programmatic landscape, and its applications beyond real-time bidding (RTB). Today, new technologies and approaches are connecting buyers and sellers, and eliminating many of the manual tasks associated with planning and buying digital media.
In this 52-page report, we explore the new programmatic direct landscape, the implications for demand- and supply-side players, and the barriers to successful adoption of programmatic approaches. The report includes insights from key executives in ad technology, agencies, and publishers as well as daily practitioners to see where programmatic automation stands today, and where it is going.
It's hard to believe, but agencies and publishers are still closing digital media deals with fax machines. However, large-scale growth in web-based RTB platforms and increasing adoption from marketers is putting pressure on all sides to automate processes for buying and selling digital media. This report addresses the following key questions:
- What is the difference between programmatic and automation?
- What is needed to embrace a programmatic approach?
- What are the benefits of a programmatic approach to transactional media?
- How will my company's organisational personnel needs change?
- What are the barriers to successful programmatic strategy implementation?
Readers of this report should come away with a solid understanding of current programmatic direct approaches, available solutions in the space, and how they can structure their organisation to implement programmatic techniques.
This report aims to provide an unbiased, balanced look at the manual process automation in digital media, aided by leading practitioners in the space. The author surveyed over 19 senior-level digital media and ad technology executives who provided detailed, written responses to a wide range of questions.
In addition, the author conducted extensive phone interviews with programmatic thought leaders, and drew upon his own previously conducted research. The opinions in this report are the author's own, and may not reflect the views of his employer or companies in which he holds equity.
About the author
Chris O'Hara is the CRO and co-founder of Bionic Advertising Systems, author of several Econsultancy reports (Best Practices in Digital Display Advertising and Best Practices in Data Management) and a researcher and contributor to Econsultancy's recently published Data Management Platforms Buyer's Guide.
A domain expert on advertising platform technology and programmatic media technology, Chris is a member of the IAB's Programmatic Task Force, and a contributor to the recently published Winterberry Group/IAB whitepaper "Programmatic Everywhere: Data, Technology, and the Future of Audience Engagement".
He also writes frequently in industry publications including AdExchanger and Econsultancy.
Contributors to the report
- Andy Atherton, SVP, AppNexus
- Doug Burke, General Manager and Chief Revenue Officer, FatTail
- Robert Burkhart, Vice President, Digital Strategy, STRATA
- Sean Cotton, Interactive Director, True Media
- Jason Fairchild, Chief Revenue Officer, OpenX
- Matt Gay, SVP of Customers and Partners, Operative
- Anthony Katsur, ad tech veteran and former CEO of Maxifier
- Ian Lowe, CEO, Adslot
- Raju Malhotra, SVP, Products, Centro
- Ana Milicevic, Lead Industry Consultant – Digital Media and Advertising Technology, SAS
- Ben Pashman, SVP of Business Development, Centro
- Eric Picard, CEO, Rare Crowds
- Roy Pereira, Founder and CEO, Shiny Ads
- Joe Pych, CEO and Co-founder, Bionic Advertising Systems
- Jay Sears, SVP Marketplace Development, Rubicon Project
- Tom Shields, Founder and Chief Strategy Officer, Yieldex
- Christopher Skinner, Managing Partner, MakeBuzz
- Ben Trenda, CRO, isocket
- Bill Wise, CEO, Mediaocean
Table of contents
- Overview
- Methodology
- About the author
- About Econsultancy
- Introduction: Pivoting to Programmatic Direct
- Programmatic Definitions
- Defining programmatic direct
- Defining programmatic RTB
- Refining and defining by programmatic approaches
- Chapter summary: programmatic definitions
- The Demand Side
- Agency trading desks
- Agency culture and personnel
- Agency pricing models and programmatic
- Fraud: the elephant in the programmatic room
- Standards
- Chapter summary: programmatic direct and the demand side
- The Supply Side
- New monetisation options: programmatic direct, native, etc.
- Programmatic direct: a sales channel or real trend?
- Programmatic direct and organisational change
- Chapter summary: the supply side
- Transactional RFP Workflow
- Research
- Media planning
- Demand-side order management
- Demand-side ad serving
- Supply-side order management
- Supply-side ad serving
- Billing and reconciliation
- Where Are We Now?
- Contributors


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What days and times are you available to help?
Applicants must be at least 18 years of age. Candidates
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checks, fingerprinting, background checks or other screening,
depending on the placement.


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2011 Chevrolet Silverado Rearend Renovation
A Muscle Truck Must: New Yukon Dura Grip Posi and 3.73 Gears
One-wheel burnouts are embarrassing, and that's about all Blue Bomber's stock open differential was good for. It certainly wasn't helping us hook up and leave the line quickly, so we knew it was time for a change.
No matter how powerful your truck's engine is, or how strong your transmission is, all that horsepower and torque goes to one place -- your rear axle. So, it stands to reason that this vital stress point should be just as strong as the rest of your setup. In the case of Project Blue Bomber, our 2011 Chevrolet Silverado performance truck, we already had a supercharged 4.8L engine pumping out 443 hp and 446 lb-ft of torque. However, our factory work truck open rear axle wasn't letting us put the power down, so we called up Randy's Ring and Pinion for a setup that would get the power to the ground.
The experts at Randy's recommended a new Dura Grip posi and ring-and-pinion set from Yukon Gear and Axle. A new Yukon Dura Grip positraction will make sure the truck spins both rear tires and hooks up quickly, while a Yukon 3.73 ring-and-pinion set will give our chevy truck improved acceleration out of the hole. Yukon also sent us new bearings, as well as seals, shims, hardware, and grease in their Gear Install Kit. While we were at it, we also picked up a junkyard donor axle from an 2009 Chevy Silverado Crew Cab, since it had factory rear disc brakes, unlike our rear drum-equipped standard-cab work truck.
With the new axle and our Yukon parts in hand, we drove over to Unitrax Drivetrain in Anaheim, California. With nearly 30 years of experience working with every kind of automotive differential on the market, the guys at Unitrax made quick work of our upgrades. Follow along to see how we turned this junkyard rear axle into something that was truly ready to hit the dragstrip.
1. After we brought the junkyard rear axle to Unitrax, in Anaheim, California, it was immediately opened up and gutted. The only parts we will be reusing are the axlehousing, axleshafts, and disc brake backing plates, so those components were put in the hot tank to be thoroughly cleaned.
2. While our axle parts were being cleaned, we opened up the Yukon Gear and Axle boxes that Randy's Ring and Pinion sent us and inventoried everything. In addition to the Dura Grip positraction (YDGGM8.5-3-30-1) and 3.73 ring-and-pinion set (YG GM8.5-373), Randy's sent us all-new bearings, seals, shims, hardware and grease (BK GM8.6-B) -- everything we needed for a smooth install.
3. First, the Dura Grip posi unit was placed in a vice while the ring gear was attached with the 10 included bolts. Each bolt was carefully torqued to ensure the gear was held firmly in place.
4. A hydraulic press was used to press a new conical bearing onto the pinion shaft, then it was thoroughly greased to prepare for installation. New carrier bearings were also pressed onto each end of the posi at this point.
5. With the cleaned and painted axlehousing on a stand, the pinion gear was inserted from below while the driveshaft yoke was installed from above. The included pinion nut was brushed with red thread-locker and finger-tightened to hold the two together.
6. A 1 1/2 inch socket was placed onto the new nut, and this special tool was used to check preload in inch-pounds. This determines how freely the pinion will spin, and is necessary for smooth, quiet rotation of the gears.
7. Next, the axlehousing was turned over, and the Dura Grip posi was lowered carefully into place.
8. Calipers were used to measure out new Yukon shims, which were then slid in place on each side of the posi unit. Bearing caps were then bolted down to hold the shims, carrier bearings, and posi securely inside the housing.
9. Using a backlash dial indicator gauge mounted to the housing, the ring gear was turned by hand to check gear backlash, which is the clearance between tiny gaps in the gear teeth. Too much or too little backlash can cause gear whine and premature wear, so it's important to get it just right at this stage.
10. To visually check backlash, bright yellow grease was applied to the ring gear teeth before turning the gear several rotations. The slight displacement of the grease shows the teeth are meshing smoothly, and that backlash is set correctly.
11. The original disc brake backing plates, new bearings, and seals were installed before sliding the factory axleshafts back in.
12. This C-clip was inserted into the center of the differential, where it prevents the axleshafts from sliding back out of the housing.
13. Finally, the cross pin shaft was carefully slid into the differential while the 10mm retaining bolt was inserted. It's important to hold one finger behind the pin to prevent it from falling through its hole into the differential.
14. With the cross pin retaining bolt torqued to spec, the included differential cover gasket was set in place, and the diff cover was bolted back onto the housing.
15. With the upgrades complete, we installed our new axle underneath Blue Bomber and properly broke in the new rearend setup by easing onto the gas at stoplights and keeping freeway cruises to 65 mph for 500 miles. Once broken in, a firm application of the go-pedal launched the Silverado forward like a freight train. Before, we would have been greeted with a one-wheel tire fire burnout, but this time the truck simply chirped its tires and rocketed forward. It's amazing how the shorter gearing and positracion differential from Yukon woke up the truck, both on the street and at the strip. So, if you're tired of leaving one-wheel rubber stripes off the line and getting embarrassed at the track, give Randy's a call for some much-needed axle upgrades.
Randy's Ring & PinionEverett, WA 98204
Yukon Gear and Axle888-905-5044
Unitrax Drivetrain, Inc.Anaheim, CA 92806


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The Paso Fino - the mount of the Spanish Conquistadors - has proud ties to a glorious past and the prospect of an even greater future, as this elegant smooth-gaited breed captures the hearts of horse lovers everywhere. The Paso Fino is the oldest true native breed of horse in the Western Hemisphere. In 1492 Columbus discovered a horseless America. Although the ancestors of the present-day horse evolved and developed in North America and spread to other parts of the world, horses vanished from the New World during the Ice Age, between 8,000 and 12,000 years ago. Over 500 years ago, on his second voyage from Spain, Columbus brought a select group of mares and stallions from the provinces of Andalusia and Cordela, and settled them at Santa Domingo. These horses were a mixture of Barb, Andalusian and Spanish Jennet. The Spanish Jennet not only possessed an extremely comfortable saddle gait, but was able to pass the gait on to its offspring. The result of the blending of the blending of these horses was to become known as the Paso Fino breed - the horse with the incredibly smooth gait. They became the foundation stock for remount stations of the Conquistadors. As Spanish settlers came to the New World, they brought more Spanish horses. During the nearly 500 years that Paso horses have been selectively bred and perfected in the Western Hemisphere, they have been called upon to perform a diverse role, first in the conquest of and then in the exploration and development of the Americas. The Paso Fino is a horse for all seasons, a horse for all climates, and a horse for diverse purposes. From the Florida Keys to the Pacific Northwest, and from southern California to New England, Eastern Canada, Puerto Rico and Colombia, the Paso Fino demonstrates its remarkable versatility not just in the show ring, but on competitive trail and endurance rides, in dressage work, rodeo, gymkana, and back at the ranch working cattle. And he does it all with a gait that provides unparalleled comfort for the rider. The energy-efficient Paso Fino, with its unexcelled versatility, and unique comfort for the rider, opens a New World for horse lovers. The Paso Fino gait is a four-beat lateral gait, the birthright of every Paso Fino. Newborn foals struggle to their feet and take their first faltering steps in gait. The Paso Fino can, of course, walk freely and many of them can perform a collected canter of a relaxed lope as well. It is essentially a broken pace: it is lateral, not diagonal. The sequence of the footfall is right rear, right fore, left rear, left fore. The cadence of the 1,2,3,4 beat is rhythmic with equal time intervals between hoofbeat. There is very little up and down movement in either the croup or the shoulder of the horse. The gait is performed at three speeds with the collection decreasing as speed increases. ?


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Set in 200 acres of golf course, could you wish for a more picturesque venue.
Allow us to bear the strain and organise your day – or simply ask for our free advice on room decoration, cakes, flowers, disco or live bands and toastmasters.
Enjoy the view across the golf course while you enjoy a 3 course carvery in our restaurant. Help yourself to our starter bar, then Prime Roast Beef & Yorkshire Pudding, Roast Gammon or Roast Turkey with seasonal vegetables. Followed by a selection of delicious desserts. £21.95 per head. We will open specially for large parties on any lunchtime or evening - Open Sunday from 12.30pm
Our Function Room holds up to 150 people and we can cater for birthday parties, christenings, wedding anniversaries, dinner and dances, Christmas dinner and discos. We also have a patio area where we can organise a barbeque or a hog roast. Please phone or email for prices.
Golf Societies
Societies are most welcome both midweek and at weekends. Packages can be arranged to suit most needs Breakfasts and Lunches available from £5.50 per head. Evening Carvery Meal available at £16.50 per head. Societies minimum of 8 golfers
The course is managed by The London Borough of Hillingdon
Pro Shop Contact: 01895 556750
We have two conference rooms with private bar. Maximum capacity 150 banqueting/theatre style. A comprehensive range of audio/visual equipment available including DMD/DLC projector with 8' x 6' screen. Team building days – AM meeting, PM golf. Delegate rates available on request.
Hole 19 Ltd
Uxbridge Golf Course
The Drive
01895 272457