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Ahmad Sohrab
Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (1893 - 1958) was a Persian-American author and Baha'í who co-founded the New History Society and the Caravan of East and West in New York, and was excommunicated from the Baha'i apparatus in 1939 by Shoghi Effendi.
This page writen and copyright 2007-2008 by Will Johnson, email@example.com, Professional Genealogist. This page is locked, if you'd like to comment on it you may email me.
Early life
Mirza Ahmad Sohrab was born "about 1894" (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 21), to a family who were already, or very shortly became Baha'i. Sohrab was born near Esphahan in the village of Isfahan Province, Persia (now Iran). Sohrab's father Abdu'l-Baghi was a descendent of Muhammad. Abdu'l-Baghi was a farmer "possessed of broad lands" and also chief dyer of the town. Both sides of Sohrab's family, his mother and his father, claimed descent from the Imam Husayn, grandson of Muhammad. His mother died when Sohrab was a few months old, while she herself was still a teenager, and he was taken to live with his maternal grandmother in Isfahan. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 25)
|After the family had become Baha'i, they were persecuted by the citizens of the town and Sohrab with a maternal uncle, left his grandmother's home forever. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 38) He and his uncle traveled about the countryside as doctors, and now and then meeting other Baha'is. By instruction from Abdul Baha, he and his uncle parted company, the uncle returning to Esphahan, while Sohrab went on to meet Abdul Baha in Acca. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 48) Here he was put to work, copying, and reciting the words of Baha U'llah, but where he stayed only 39 days before moving on to Port Said. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 56) In Port Said, Sohrab worked selling merchandise, for Ahmad Yasdi who kept a store there. While living here, he studied the Bible with "...a Scottish lady who ran a missionary school." (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 60) It was here that he met "...another Baha'i teacher, the greatest of them all. Mirza Abul Fazl of the College of Tehran..." who invited him to come to America with him.(My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 62 However Sohrab had first to train a replacement for the shop and he did not leave until nine months later, bound for Washington, D.C. but stopping first in New York City where he addressed a small group of Baha'i.
|Original context of this picture is here
Abdul Fazl
|When he first arrived in Washington, D.C. he was a cook and errand boy for Abdul Fazl, while Ali Kuli Khan served as interpreter. In the summer they went to Green Acre, Maine, where he met many of the initial pioneers of the Baha'i Faith in America (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 69). He names some of these in his Autobiography on page 70 (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 70). After three years in America, Abdul Fazl was requested to come back to Haifa by Abdul Baha, but Abdul Baha privately told Sohrab to stay in America if possible. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 72) He lived in New York City for three months, cleaning rooms in a boarding house, followed by a term of homelessness, and then a job as a busboy for about nine more months. It was at the end of this time, that he met the new Persian Minister to the U.S., Mam-Taz-Ol-Mulk, and was offered a position with him. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 77) During his time in Washington, D.C., he also became correspondent to "...two Persian magazines, the one published in Calcutta, the other in Cairo. These articles of mine, dispatched weekly, dealt with politics and education...." It was also at this time, that Sohrab began receiving letters from Abdul Baha to translate, and he states that he would always keep a copy of these. He also says that "...American letters written to the Master were addressed to me, to be dispatched to Acca...." (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 82) "During this period, hundreds upon hundreds of letters designated for the American Bahais came from the Master, and several decades later, these were bound in volumes and placed on the shelves of the Record Room in Caravan House." (My Bahai' Pilgrimage, page 83)
Abdul Baha
|After three years, the Minister was recalled to Persia, it was at this time, sometime before or during 1911, that Sohrab had founded an organization called the Persian-American Educational Society, which among other things, set-up a scholarship program to teach Persian children.(My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 87) Around this same time, Sohrab founded a bi-lingual journal, in Persian and English, named Bahai News. On 13 Nov 1911 Sohrab sailed to Europe "in the interests of his work". (The Washington Post, 13 Nov 1911, p.4). This was evidently in response to where Sohrab states "...Abdul Baha instructed me to meet him in Paris." Abdul Baha, gave him three thousand dollars and instructions "...for any necessary work, prepatory to his arrival." Sohrab returned to Washington, D.C. where he created a group of writers to create booklets containing a resume of the teachings and mailed them to institutions, colleges, and universities throughout the United States and Canada.
This resulted in many invitations for Abdul Baha to speak, 250 requests had been received and a schedule of appearances was created. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 90) "In the Record Room at Caravan House are to be found thirty one volumes of press clippings that appeared in the newspapers and journals of the United States during this momentous trip. The publicity was extraordinary." (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 95)
Abdul Baha first came to New York City, arriving on 11 Apr 1912 on the S.S. Cedric. for his speaking tour which criss-crossed the United States from this time, until they left for England on 5 Dec 1912. They then visited Scotland, France and Germany before returning to Port Said. Sohrab would continue as secretary and interpreter to Abdu'l-Baha until 1919, with instructions to also memorize all of Abdul Baha's tablets. When World War I ended and letters could flow freely, the Bahai's in Palestine learned that the American Baha'is had been quarreling, ostracizing one another, had formed a "Committee of Investigation", and were persecuting the innocent in public. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 111) Abdul Baha instructed Sohrab to go to American and address these problems, Sohrab left the compound on 22 Dec 1918. He would never see Abdul Baha again. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 113) Sohrab came to the United States in time for the 11th annual Baha'i Convention, and remarks on the stumbling blocks put in his path by certain Baha'is, whom he does not name, but he does name those who helped him. (My Baha'i Pilgrimage, page 114)
It was while accompanying Abdul Baha in 1912, that Ahmad briefly met and began wooing Juanita Marie Storch, when she was brought by her father to meetings with Abdul Baha in Oakland and San Francisco in 1912. Juanita was the daughter of Hugo William Storch (1873-1917), an architect, and his wife Johanna Thee. Hugo had been born in Mexico of Bohemian immigrants, while Johanna was born in Germany. The family at that time was living in Oakland, Alameda County, California. Since Sohrab returned to Palestine, the wooing took place long-distance by means of "five hundred letters". The coming of World War I, put a temporary halt to the letters as they were apparently being confiscated or at least not allowed through the lines, but at the end of the war, the lovers re-made their acquaintance (see Oakland Tribune, 26 Dec 1919).
In the meantime, Juanita had moved to Santa Rosa, California. They were married in New York on 28 Apr 1920 (The Oakland Tribune, 27 Jun 1920, The New York Times, 29 Apr 1920 here).
The story of their long and long-distance courtship, intercepted mail, and his many love letters which never made it to her, captivated a number of newspaper who made comment upon it. For example the Sandusky Star Journal (Sandusky, Ohio) on 29 Apr 1920 said : "New York - East met west here today with the marriage of Ahmad Schrab, former secretary to the Persian legation and Juanita Storch, Santa Rosa, Cal. Schrab could have a harem in his own town but preferred one American girl."
While the Syracuse Herald (Syracuse, NY), 20 Jun 1920 went over the top, devoting three-fourths of a page to a photo of guests, a large picture of Juanita, a smaller one of Sohrab, and a long article here, which I will transcribe here.
Ahmad and Juanita had one child, a girl Laila J in 1921. Ahmad and Juanita were divorced either while Juanita was pregnant or within a year after Laila was born. A site visitor tells me that Laila never met her father. In his autobiography, writen about 1929, Ahmad mentions neither Juanita nor his daughter Leila.
In the 1930 census Juanita Sohrab and her daughter Laila are living with her mother Johanna Storch in Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, California. Juanita and Laila lived for some years in Santa Rosa, with Laila showing up in Passenger Lists giving her address as Santa Rosa, at late as 1953. They moved eventually to Seattle, where the Social Security Death Index shows Juanita living with Laila, but Juanita either moved back to Sonoma County or at least died there in 1995. Laila was still living in Seattle as late as 2002 under the name "Laila Storch".
Although Sohrab wrote an Autobiography which covers his life up to when he joined up with Mrs Julia Chanler, he does not appear to mention his wife nor daughter, which is perhaps a bit odd.
A reader of this page tells me that : "Laila Storch, the daughter of Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, has lived in Seattle for many decades, and has been a lifetime member of the Baha'i Faith. She is a retired music professor from the University of Washington (oboe). You can find quit a few references to her career online. She never knew her biological father, M.A. Sohrab, because her mother separated and divorced Sohrab before she was born or while she was still an infant. I have met Laila a number of times through the years and she really knows nothing about her biological father other than what everyone else knows from books, and she really prefers not to discuss him. The marriage of Laila's mother, Ms. Juanita Storch to Sohrab was written about and photographed for either Baha'i News or Star of the West magazine, I forget which. The late Juanita Storch also wrote memoirs about her meeting with 'Abdu'l-Baha (World Order, 25.1 ; Fall 1993)."
A site visitor tells me that : "Laila Storch is married to violinist Martin G. Friedmann. Her daughter from that marriage is violinist Aloysia Cecile Friedmann who married pianist Jon Kimura Parker in 1998. (For a number of years, Laila went by the name Laila Friedmann so far as the Seattle Baha'i records show, but for about the past twenty years has gone by the name Laila Storch)."
Meets Julia Chanler
Meanwhile, Ahmad moved to Los Angeles, where he helped write a scenario for a movie dealing with Mary Magdalene, for the actress Valeska Surratt, who was herself a Baha'í. Valeska sued Cecil B. Demille and others in 1928, and mentioned that Sohrab had helped her write the play. (New York Times, Feb 28, 1928, p2)
He found it necessary to go to New York to discuss business matters with Miss Surratt and it was through her that he was introduced to Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler and his wife Julie. Together they formed the "New History Society" in 1929 as a way of spreading the teachings of the Baha'í Faith.
On Mar 10, 1930, "Mirza Ahmad Sohrab" filed a petition for naturalization in the US District Court of New York City. The petition states that he is 39 years old and residing at 28 W 50th Street.
Caravan of East and West
The New History Society gave rise in 1930 to the Caravan of East and West, and the Chanler's New York house was now called Caravan House. A badly reproduced picture of Caravan House may be seen here on page 131 of Sohrab's Autobiography. This foundation was designed to prepare children and youth to join the New History Society. This group had a quarterly magazine called The Caravan, where Sohrab's partial autobiography first appeared. (The autobiography appeared again in 1959, shortly after his death, with a few additional paragraphs.)
- "The Caravan of East and West is an educational movement, the chief activity of which is international correspondence. It numbers 1,300 Chapters in 37 countries, with an aggregate membership of 100,000 children, young people and adults. Its publications, The Caravan and Pen Friends Guide, respectively appearing quarterly and monthly, keep the large circle of its readers informed as to the growth and influence of the movement. The New History Society and the Caravan is a movement in itself for the spreading of the Baha'í ideals and principles, independent of and unaffiliated with the Baha'í organization."(Bahai Library "Ferm")
Sohrab had already published a few books, phamplets and a movie scenario, when in 1933, with Julie Chanler he wrote a book that provided an overview of many of the events of the Baha'i movement; it contained a description of the events of the Bab, Baha'u'llah — his claim in the Garden of Ridvan— Tahirih, and Abdu'l-Baha. The book also contains several pictures, including some which may be unique.
The Split
Julie attempted to patch things up between Sohrab and Horace Holley, "one of the chief men in the American Baha'í Administration". (Free Bahais "White") But Sohrab refused to allow the New York Spiritual Assembly, to have oversight of the affairs of the New History Society. Since Holley sat on the National Spiritual Assembly at this time, this led to a confrontation which resulted in Sohrab and the Chanlers being expelled from the Baha'i community about 1939.
In 1941, Allen McDaniel and others, as members of the National Spiritual Assembly, filed suit against Sohrab to try to stop him from using the name Bahá'í. The NSA felt this created the impression that Sohrab was "connected with and authorized to represent the Baha'í religion..."
This suit was filed in the Supreme Court of New York County. The judge granted a motion to dismiss, stating that "the plaintiffs have no right to a monopoly of the name of a religion. The defendants, who purport to be members of the same religion, have an equal right to use the name of the religion..."
The judge mentioned that the complaint could be further amended (Bahai Library "Sohrab Vs NSA") and the NSA appealed (H-Net "Sohrab 'Broken Silence' page 247") but the Appellate Court affirmed the decision of the lower court. (The entire book "Broken Silence" may be downloaded in PDF form here 29Meg)
Collaboration with other opponents of Shoghi Effendi
After his excommunication, Sohrab joined forces with other people who opposed Shoghi Effendi. Part of this combination was a court case raised by Qamar Baha'i Jalal the grandson of Mirza Musa and others in about 1950-1, challenging Shoghi Effendi's right to carry out major construction work around the Shrine of Baha'u'llah. One of their key witnesses, Nayyir Afnan, died shortly before the case was due to open, and it all came to nothing. One of the culminations of this was a meeting that was held in Famagusta in the late 1950s. Representatives of all three main generations of Covenant-breakers were present including: Jalal Azal representing the followers of Mirza Yahya, Ismat and others represented the followers of Mirza Muhammad Ali, and Ahmad Sohrab represented those opposed to any form of administration. One of the aims of this conference was to build a mausoleum over the grave of Mirza Yahya. To this end, an amount of money was collected but it "disappeared" and nothing came of the project.(Bahai Library "Exiles")
Final yearsIn an article Sohrab wrote in 1956 this appears:
[Sohrab] '...now serves as the editor of "The Caravan," an international correspondence club of young people with some 100,000 members. In 1943-44 Sohrab devoted his full time to the Preparation of the Bahai Centennial. He was coauthor of the production called "The Gate" which dramatized the lives of the founders of the Bahai faith and was produced at the Metropolitan Opera House in May of 1944.'
The Caravan eventually severed the links with the Baha'í Faith, but Sohrab, Julie and their organizations continued to promote the interests of the Baha'í Faith as long as they both were living.
The Caravan existed for a time as a worldwide pen-pal club with social ideals. In addition, there are various references to the Caravan Art Gallery at this same address. There are also references in Julie and Sohrab's writings to art showings.
Sohrab died Apr 20, 1958.(The New York Times, Apr 22, 1958; p. 33 "Obituary") In his obituary he is described as "leader of the Reform Baha'í Movement in the United States and co-director of the Caravan of East and West". He died in Doctors hospital in New York City, 20 April 1958.
The New History Society is now defunct, not outliving Sohrab. Caravan House still exists, "Caravan Institute, Inc. is a non-profit organization founded in 1929 to further education and the arts." They have about a million a year in income. (TaxExemptWorld "New York")(Parliamo.com)
- Bahá'u'lláh. Lawh-i-Ra'is III. Tablet to `Ali Pasha III. Star of the West, 9 April 1911, page 3. Ahmad Sohrab, trans.
- Abdu'l-Bahá and Badi'u'llah. Center of the Covenant: Tablet to Mason Remey, interview with Badi'u'llah, in Star of the West, 13 Jul 1912, 3:7, pages 17-18. Ahmad Sohrab, trans.
- Heart Phantasies, (sometime before 1929), date uncertain, but he mentions it on page 126 of his Autobiography as his "first published work", and it is also named on the fly-leaf of Abdul Baha in Egypt here
- The New Humanity, appeared daily for sometime in a Santiago newspaper, (sometime before 1929), date uncertain. He mentions it on page 126 of his Autobiography,, as apparently his second published work, and it is also named on the fly-leaf of Abdul Baha in Egypt here
- `Abdu'l-Bahá in Egypt. Published by J. H. Sears & Co (New York) for the New History Foundation, 1929. Approved by the Publishing Committee of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States and Canada. Digitally republished, East Lansing, Mi.: H-Bahai, 2005. (This is an evidently verbatim copy of the first part of the diary kept by Sohrab, covering the period 1 Jul 1913 to the end of September 1913)
- 'Abdu'l-Bahá and Mírzá Ahmad Sohrab. Abdul Baha in Egypt. Mírzá Ahmad Sohrab, trans. (New York: J. H. SEARS & COMPANY Inc. for NEW HISTORY FOUNDATION, 1929). Mirza Ahmad Sohrab provided a detailed record of three months of Abdu'l-Bahá's time in Egypt in Abdul Baha in Egypt, in which he includes a historical presentation of 'Abdu'l-Bahá's activities while there as well as translations of his talks.
- The Song of the Caravan. Another ed. also 1930, New York, The Grayzel Press ed., xii, 410. New York: George Dobsevage for the New History Foundation, 1930.
- Living Pictures. In the Great Drama of the 19th Century. (with Julie Chanler) New York: The New History Foundation, 132 E 65th St, New York, 1933. Reprinted. H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan, 2004.
- I Heard Him Say. Words of `Abdu'l-Bahá as Recorded by his Secretary. New York: The New History Foundation, 1937. Digitally republished, East Lansing, Mi.: H-Bahai, 2004
- The Bible of Mankind, (ed.) 743 pp., Universal Publishing Co., 132 E 65th St, N.Y., 1939.
- A Persian Rosary of Nineteen Pearls. 2nd. ed. New York, Caravan of East & West, n.d. [194-?] 3rd. ed. New York, Caravan of East & West, n.d. [195-?] ed., [4]. New York: New History Society, n.d. [1939].
- Silver Sun, with Julia Chanler. Date unknown, but before 1943 as it is mentioned as one of his works, on the flyleaf of Abdul Baha's Grandson (which is next)
- Excerpts from Mirza Ahmad Sohrab's Broken Silence: The Story of Today's Struggle for Religious Freedom. New York: Universal Publishing, 1942.
- `Abdu'l-Bahá's Grandson: Story of a Twentieth Century Excommunication. New York: Universal Publishing Co for The New History Foundation, 1943. Reprinted. H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan, 2004.
- Brand, Max and Mirza Ahmad Sohrab [libretto Max Brand, and Julie Chanler; Music Max Brand]. The Gate: Scenic Oratorio for Soli, Chorus, and Orchestra in Two Parts (19 Scenes). 61. New York: Associated Music Publishers, 1944.
- The Will and Testament of `Abdu'l-Bahá, An Analysis. New York: Universal Publishing Co, 1944. Reprinted. H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan, 2004.
- The Story of the Divine Plan. Taking Place during, and immediately following World War I. New York: The New History Foundation, 1947. Digitally republished, East Lansing, Mi.: H-Bahai, 2004.
- Ioas, Leroy, Mrs Lewis Stuyvesant [Julie Chanler] Chanler, and Ahmad Sohrab. Three Letters. [11] leaves. New York: Caravan of East and West, 1954.
- Living Schools of Religion. Vergilius Ferm, ed. Ames, Iowa: Littlefield, Adams & Co., 1956. Chapter 19, "The Bahá'í Cause," by Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (pages 309-14)
- My Bahá'í Pilgrimage. Autobiography from Childhood to Middle Age. (originally ran serially in The Caravan) New York: New History Foundation, 1959. Reprinted. H-Bahai: Lansing, Michigan, 2004.
Works about him
- Biographical Sketch of Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, Director of the Caravan of East and West, Inc. 3. n.p. [New York?]: n.d. [1954]. Collins 12.10.
- Light-Bearer Magazine: A Persian Rosary, Winter 2000, pg 50 (reprint from The Theosophist, 1978)
See also
Primary documents
- 1900 Census of Fruitvale, Alameda County, California showing : "Hugo W Storch 26; Johanna M 27; Juanita M 5; Alvin H 3; Leland A 1"
- 1910 Census of Oakland Ward 7, Alameda County, California " Hugo W Storch 36, married first time, 15 years ago, born Mexico/Germany/Austria, immigrated in 1879, Designer, Architectural, Owns Home; Jamea [sic] 35 [or 38], married first time, 15 years ago, mother of 3, 3 living, born Germany/Germany/Germany, immigrated 1880, no occupation; Juaneta 19 b CA; Alvin 13 b CA; Leland 11 b CA"
- Daily Independent (Monessen, Pennsylvania), 26 May 1919 : "Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, who once was secretary of the Persian legation in Washington and who accompanied Abdul Baha on his tour when he visited all the countries of the world to urge a universal peace, has come to this country with messages from Abdul Baha, whom the outside world has not heard from for six years."
- Daily Independent (Monessen, Pennsylvania), 2 May 1921 : "Feminists Arise in Persia : Insist That Veils Are No Longer Required and That Women Are Independent Thinkers" : "... Professor Fazel...spoke [to the California Club] in musical Persian, his sentences being interpreted as he went along by Mirza Ahmad Sohrab..." [Wire copy from the San Francisco Chronicle]
- 1920 Census of Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, California showing : "Johanna M Storch, 48; Juanita 24; Leland 20"
- Star of the West, Vol. 11, p 73, "MARRIAGE OF JUANITA AND AHMAD SOHRAB"
On this afternoon, in the midst of a joyful company, the marriage of Miss Juanita Marie daughter of Mrs. Johanna of Oakland, Calif. and Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, of Isphahan, Persia, was solemnized. The surroundings were beautiful, the large assembly hall of the Engineering Societies' Building being used, the architectural attractions of which were increased by spring flowers and soulful music. Tablets were read by Mr. William H. Hoar and Mr. Howard MacNutt. The spiritual atmosphere was intensified by the harmonious blending of East and West. The past and present were linked in the two ceremonies.
That of the Episcopal Church was read by Dr. William N. Guthrie of New York. The Creative Words of nuptial union, with their brief but impressive majesty, were read by Rev. Howard C. Ives:
- "Verily, we are content with the Will of God!"
- "Verily, we are satisfied with the Desire of God!"
This attitude of heart and soul is the means of creating loving companionship throughout all the worlds. Miss Rouhieh Jones was maid of honor. The bride was given in marriage by Mr. William H. Hoar and Dr. Frederick W. 'Evelyn was best man.
- The Helena Independent (Helena, Montana), 25 Feb 1928 : "De Mille Charged with Play-Theft" : "New York, Feb 24 — Suit charging plagiarism against Cecil DeMille and others interested in the production and showing of the motion picture, 'The King of Kings,' was filed in federal court today by Valeska Suratt, film actress, and Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, oriental scholar. They said the ideas on which the cinema was based were stolen from a work written by them"
- Petition for Natualization showing "Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, residing at 28 W 50th Street, New York, age 39, certificate issued 10 Mar 1930 by the US District Court of New York City."
- Clearfield Progress (Clearfield, Pennsylvania), 19 Mar 1930 : "Curious Oriental Cult" : "...Mirza Ahmad Sohrab...Today he is the leader of U.S. Bahaism, which differs slightly from the Persian. Some 6,000 U.S. cultists are spread throughout the country....Manhattan headquarters under the title of the New History Society are at the home of Mrs. Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler..."
- 1930 Census of Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, California, 3 Apr 1930 showing : "Johanna Storch, head, FW, 58, Widow, born Hanover Germany, no occupation; Juanita Sohrab, daughter, FW, 34, divorced, born California, father born in Mexico, Artist, Art Store; Laila J Sohrab, grandchild, 9, born California, father born Isphan [sic] Persia"
- Fitchburg Sentinel (Fitchburg, Massachusetts), 8 Jan 1931 mentioning that "...Mirza Ahmad Sohrab a Persian philosopher talked to the homeless about the cult of Baha-U-Llah...."
- New York Passenger Lists, 1820-1957, 30 Aug 1931 on the Lapland Mirza A Sohrab, age 40 of 132 East 65th Street, New York
- New York Passenger Lists, 1820-1957, 30 Aug 1932 on the Olympic, Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, age 42, of 132 East 65th Street, New York
- New York Times (New York, NY), 30 Jan 1934, "Bahai Marriage for Miss Nadeau" "New York Girl Will be Wed to Homad Obadie, Native of Baghdad, Thursday" "He Heads Chain of Stores" "Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, Director of New History Society, Will Officiate at Ceremony"
- Time magazine, 12 Feb 1934 "Manhattan Marriage"
- His WWII Draft Registration Card showing "Mirza Ahmad Sohrab, resident at 849 Lexington Ave, New York, Mailing address: 132 E. 65th, 51 years old, born Isphahan, born 21 Mar 1891".
- New York Passenger Lists showing : "Laila J Storch, 29, single, 10 pieces of luggage, of 4770 Sonoma Highway, Santa Rosa, California, tourist departing Cherbourg 29 Sep 1950, arriving New York 4 Oct 1950 on the 'Queen Elizabeth'"
- New York Passenger Lists showing : "Laila Storch, 30, single of 770 Sonoma Highway, Santa Rosa, California, tourist departing Le Havre, France 18 Sep 1951, arriving New York 24 Sep 1951 on the 'Liberte' "
- His obituary published in Chicago in 1958 and extracted here.
- Social Security Death Index showing : IS this Juanita ? "Juanita Storch, born 23 May 1895, died Jan 1987, last resided in Seattle, King County, Washington. SSN Issued by California in 1958"
- California Death Index 1940-97 showing: "Juanita Storch, born 23 May 1895 California, died 26 Jan 1987 Sonoma County. Mother's maiden name Thee"
- US Public Records Index showing : "Juanita Storch and Laila S Storch, 4955 Stanford Ave NE, Seattle, King County, Washington Record number 647925425
- US Phone and Address Directories, 1993-2002 showing : "Laila Storch, 4955 Stanford Ave NE, Seattle, King County, Washington, residence from at least 1998 to at least 2002"
Secondary sources
- Some Biographical Notes, hosted in the Bahai Library, prefixed to an article called "The Baha'i Cause" which Sohrab submitted to be included in a comprehensive work entitled "Living Schools of Religion". Vergilius Ferm, ed. Ames, Iowa: Littlefield, Adams & Co., 1956. Sohrad's contribution became Chapter 19, "The Baha'i Cause," by Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (pages 309-14).
- "Mirza Ahmad Sohrab" on Wikipedia
- Laila Storch
- Laila Storch
- Laila Storch
- Hugo Storch
- Hugo Storch
- Google search for "Hugo Storch" (64 hits); "Hugo W Storch" (7 hits); "Hugo William Storch" (2 hits); "Juanita Storch" (21 hits);"Leila Storch" (6 hits)


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A physician's order is required for treatment.


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New Study Finds That Present-Day Mammals Diversified Long After Dinosaurs Went Extinct main content.
New Study Finds That Present-Day Mammals Diversified Long After Dinosaurs Went Extinct
by AMNH on
by AMNH on
A group of researchers has conducted the first species-level analysis of the evolutionary relationships of nearly all living mammals. Using information about the dates of those relationships, the researchers were able to estimate diversification rates and, by working backward, establish when specific groups of mammals first appeared on Earth. The study, which includes work by Ross MacPhee, Curator in the Division of Vertebrate Zoology at the American Museum of Natural History, suggests that, although some early mammals may have benefited from the demise of the dinosaurs, many of those early species were on branches of the family tree not closely related to present-day mammals and died off early on. They also found that modern mammal orders, such as primates, rodents, and hoofed animals, are all 75 million years old or older and did not diversify until much later, at least 10 to 15 million years after the mass extinctions at the boundary between the Cretaceous and Tertiary Periods when dinosaurs went extinct.
The research, which appears in the March 29 issue of the journal Nature and was led by Olaf R.P. Bininda-Emonds of the Technical University of Munich and Andy Purvis of Imperial College in London, brought together a diverse group of scientists to produce the first comprehensive analysis of mammalian biodiversity from about 160 million years ago to the present day. Additional contributors came from the Zoological Society of London, the University of New South Wales, the Royal Botanic Gardens, the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, the University of British Columbia, and the University of Georgia.
Their work included construction of a so-called "supertree" diagram tracing the lineages and evolution of more than 4,500 extant mammal species. Many paleontologists believe the mass extinction of dinosaurs roughly 65 million years ago marking the transition from the Mesozoic to the Cenozoic Eras permitted the ancestors of modern mammals to flourish and begin the long evolutionary process culminating in the diverse array of species we see today.
"For many years, molecular biologists and paleontologists shared different views about the rise of present-day mammals," said Dr. MacPhee. "Extensive molecular data indicate that our common mammalian roots have to go back 90 to 100 million years, if not more, but many paleontologists have been dubious of this claim given the lack of ancestral-looking fossils until about 50 to 55 million years ago. This new work helps reconcile those differences. Now we know the ancestors of living mammal groups were there, but in very low numbers."
Supertrees are a kind of summary of evolutionary history for a large group of organisms pieced together from many smaller studies for separate groups based on genetic or physical analysis or both. They permit scientists to trace the evolution of groups of species and map the relationships among organisms. With the growth of molecular analytic techniques, the construction and study of supertrees listing thousands of species has required ever-greater computing power, as well as contributions from an increasingly diverse group of scientists. The group publishing in Nature includes bioinformaticians and evolutionary biologists, who gathered and analyzed the data needed to construct the mammalian supertree, as well as paleontologists and ecologists, who helped put the information into context.
The scientists found that although certain mammal groups did diversify immediately after the mass extinction of dinosaurs, almost all of those relatively early groups eventually died out. Instead, it wasn't until a second period of diversification at the beginning of the Eocene Epoch (56 to 34 million years ago) that the ancestors of lineages leading to present-day mammals really began to flourish. The start of this expansion of biodiversity appears to roughly coincide with a rise in global temperatures known as the Cenozoic thermal maximum, though the authors point out that the exact cause of the increased mammalian biodiversity is beyond the scope of their study.
"The big question now is what took the ancestors of modern mammals so long to diversify," said MacPhee. "It's as though they came to the party after the dinosaurs left, but just hung around while all their distant relatives were having a good time. Evidently we know very little about the macroecological mechanisms that play out after mass extinctions."
The study was supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), the German Research Association (DFG), the British Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the Leverhulme Trust, the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Earth Institute at Columbia University, and the Cyberinfrastructure for Phylogenetic Research (CIPRES).
Media Inquiries: Department of Communications, 212-769-5800


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Illinois Budget 12.23.09
Here are the top Illinois stories coming today from GateHouse News Service. Stories are available at www.gatehousenewsservice.com. Please check www.gatehousenewsservice.com/regional_news/midwest/illinois/news in the evening for changes to story lineup, including breaking news.
If your paper has a story, digest item, opinion piece or standalone photo to share, please e-mail it to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Casey Laughman: (217) 816-3343, email@example.com
BEST OF 2009: The news service is looking for end-of-year content that works on a national scale. For example, Best Movies of 2009 or Top 10 Songs of 2009. If your paper is planning lists, columns or the like, please let us know by e-mailing email@example.com. We'll compile all year-end content in a links package and will post a budget when we know what items are expected.
POLL IDEA: Each week we'll post a national poll idea you can use on your own Web site to allow your readers to weigh in on a topic of interest, whether it's a news story, a pop culture story or a sports story. Check out our first question, with embed code.
GateHouse Media's Countdown to 2010: 12 Days of Successes
Hynes: No more borrowing
SPRINGFIELD – Comptroller Dan Hynes has all but ruled out any additional short term borrowing by the state to ease the enormous backlog of unpaid bills. Meeting Wednesday with the State Journal-Register editorial board, Hynes said borrowing more money in the short term now will only exacerbate payment delays next spring when the state must begin repaying the loans. By Doug Finke of the State Capitol Bureau. Early version posted; will be updated.
State Briefs. News from around the state.
This week at the statehouse:
For the weekend:
Statehouse Insider. By Doug Finke. Will be posted Thursday evening for use Sunday.
Gubernatorial candidates: State has a long way to go on reform
SPRINGFIELD – Reform was the mantra of state government in 2009. Ex-Gov. Rod Blagojevich's impeachment forced government officials to take ethical cleanup more seriously and send a message the state would run a tighter ship. Those running for governor say there's more work to do. GateHouse News Service asked Democratic and Republican candidates for governor to explain how they would prioritize ethics and government reform in their administration and what specific proposals they would be pushing. Here is what they had to say. By Ryan Keith of the State Capitol Bureau. For use in weekend editions.
Cat unveils first electric drive tractor
PEORIA – Caterpillar Inc. unveiled the first-of-its-kind electric drive track-type tractor in ceremonies Tuesday. Caterpillar Group President Doug Oberhelman, who takes over as Caterpillar CEO next year, praised the technical advances of the D7E model along with the workers at the Building SS plant where the tractor was assembled. By Steve Tarter of the Peoria Journal Star.
Hark! The art of Christmas cookie decorating
SPRINGFIELD – Snowflakes. Wreaths. Angels. Christmas trees. Bells. These are the targets of the metal-tipped pastry bags, filled with colorful icing, wielded by the members of the women's society of St. John Vianney Catholic Parish in Sherman as they gather for two days each December for a marathon cookie-decorating session. By Kathryn Rem of the State Journal-Register.
Hospitals providing faster heart attack care
SPRINGFIELD – For heart patients, "time is muscle." So by treating heart attack patients faster, doctors can reduce the severity of cardiac muscle damage. A key measure is "door to balloon" time, the time from when a patient arrives at the hospital until their arteries are unblocked. By Todd Smith of the State Journal-Register. To localize: How are local hospitals working to speed up heart attack treatment?
Store offers some truly unique items
PEORIA – Deena Warner of Chillicothe checked out a Victorian casket stand and tried to picture it in her home. It didn't work. But the snowman ornaments made out of test tubes? Totally different story. By Jennifer Towery of the Peoria Journal Star.
BRITT: Britt is on vacation.
Amanda Jacobs: Snow does not get better with age
When I was little, I used to get really excited when it snowed. As soon as the flakes started falling, I would start gearing up to go sledding and build a snowman and just generally frolic in the winter wonderland that had previously been my backyard. Even more importantly, snow meant that there was a possibility that I wouldn't have to go to school the next day. There are no snow days for grown-ups.
Editorial: Making the skies a little friendlier for travelers
Last week when Peoria's own Ray LaHood appeared on "The Daily Show," comedian Jon Stewart got a laugh describing the transportation secretary's job as the "least glamorous Cabinet position" in Washington. If only he'd known then the announcement the secretary had up his sleeve. An editorial from the Peoria Journal Star.
Editorial: Reasons to go green besides global warming
So the world's leaders went all the way to Copenhagen and all they brought back home was this lousy non-binding agreement to set some goals for curtailing greenhouse gas emissions and maybe work up an agenda for the next climate summit. Arguably your average, bickering neighborhood association accomplishes more at one of its meetings. An editorial from the Peoria Journal Star.
Editorial: Senate is on the brink of a historic vote
After a lengthy, contentious debate that provided the best contemporary example of the old cliché about legislating being as pleasing to watch as sausage-making, history will be on the line with members of the U.S. Senate on Thursday. An editorial from the State Journal-Register.
Matt Trowbridge of the Rockford Register Star will be writing a mainbar and notes from Halas Hall. Will be posted this evening.
ILLINOIS-MISSOURI: The annual Braggin' Rights game tips off at 8:30 p.m. Game story and report card by John Supinie.


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Latest News
Muddy outlook for Friday's April jobs report
A spate of conflicting recent economic data leaves the outlook for Friday's report of April jobs data clear as mud.
"I've never seen a more mixed-up bunch of employment indicators. The ones for April are all over the map," Ed Yardeni, a veteran economic researcher, wrote in an exasperated investor note Thursday. "I'm not sure that Friday's employment report will fix the employment compass, which is pointing both north and south."
Mainstream economic forecasters are expecting that non-farm payrolls in April rose by 170,000 or more. But last month they expected job growth in the neighborhood of 200,000, and instead the Labor Department reported a subpar 120,000 new jobs in March.
Since early April, most of the employment data that followed has been underwhelming.
First-time claims for unemployment benefits, an important barometer for the pace of hiring and firing, rose for several weeks. Then on Thursday, the Labor Department reported that claims for the week ending April 28 fell by 27,000 – to 365,000 – a much larger than expected drop and the biggest decline in a year.
That good news was quickly offset by new data Thursday from the Institute for Supply Management, whose closely watched index on services-sector activity softened dramatically. Services account for about two-thirds of U.S. economic activity, so that softening is significant. Still, the index showed economic expansion, but in line with recent retail and manufacturing data that show an economy down-shifting to slower growth.
Adding to the weakening employment picture, the outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas reported Thursday that in 2012 through the end of April, employers had announced 186,653 job cuts – an increase of 9.8 percent over the same four months of 2011. The biggest reason for doubt came from the ADP National Employment Report, a closely watched gauge of private-sector hiring. The ADP report for April, released on Wednesday, found that private-sector employers added a lukewarm 119,000 new jobs for the month. Friday's report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics includes government payrolls, which are shrinking. So if the ADP report proves accurate, as if often does, the April employment numbers are likely to be soft.
Further muddying the waters, the Labor Department said Thursday that non-farm productivity slipped to just 0.5 percent in the first three months of 2012 after rising 1.2 percent in the final three months of 2011. That's a good sign for hiring, since it suggests that companies that got lean and mean in the Great Recession now need to hire if they see an increased demand for their goods and services.
"These estimates will be revised many times over, but the fundamental trend is unmistakable: in the short term, firms cannot squeeze their existing workforce any further," Erik Johnson, a U.S. economist for forecaster Global Insight, wrote in a note to investors.
Analysts fear the United States is again experiencing a soft spring, as it did the last two years. Last fall, financial markets rebounded and the economy gathered steam in the second half of 2011.
There's reason to think that might not happen again this year. European debt problems appear to be growing as citizens push back on austerity measures and investors demand higher returns, deepening government debt woes. Europe's problems are a global concern.
In addition, the United States government itself faces the possibility of plunging off a fiscal cliff late this year or early next year. At the end of this year, Bush-era tax cuts from 2001 and 2003 and a 2-year-old payroll tax holiday are set to expire. If Washington doesn't change course, some economists warn that could slice a full 3 percentage points of growth off the U.S. economy. That could risk renewed recession, since the economy grew at a subpar annualized rate of 2.2 percent during the first three months of 2012.
With a U.S. presidential race about to go full steam, Washington's unlikely to act on these matters before late November, creating uncertainty for business and investment.


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Designation Programs
Certificate Programs
FLMI Level I: Insurance Fundamentals
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FLMI — Fellow, Life Management Institute
100,000th FLMI Celebration
ALMI — Associate, Life Management Institute
FSRI — Fellow, Secure Retirement Institute
FSRI Inaugural Class
Program Pricing
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What People are Saying
The Value of the FSRI — A Conversation with Nationwide
ASRI — Associate, Secure Retirement Institute
ASRI Inaugural Class
ACS — Associate, Customer Service
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ARA — Associate, Reinsurance Administration
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The Fellow, Life Management Institute (FLMI) program is a 10-course professional development program that provides an industry-specific business education in the context of the insurance and financial services industry. The FLMI teaches advanced insurance and financial concepts to build a deeper understanding of the insurance business. Established in 1932, the FLMI program is the world's largest university-level education program in insurance and financial services.
The FLMI program consists of three levels:
The FLMI designation covers important topics including:
Learners must complete ten required courses to earn the FLMI designation.
LOMA 280 introduces the principles of insurance, the process of becoming insured, and the policyowner's contractual rights. The course includes information on the features of individual and group life insurance, health insurance, and annuity products.
LOMA 281 is an online course that uses a variety of media to teach principles of insurance, insurance products, and the policyowner's contractual rights. The course describes the features of individual and group life insurance and annuity products, and emphasizes how insurance companies serve customers and meet customer needs through the products they provide.
LOMA 290 describes how life insurance companies operate in today's global environment: how they are organized, how they are managed, and the roles of functional and support units in developing, distributing, issuing, and administering life insurance and annuity products.
LOMA 291 is an online course that uses a variety of media to teach operations, functions, and product development basics unique to the insurance organization. In addition, the course will teach that (1) a company's success depends on its operational efficiency and effectiveness and (2) every employee has a role in ensuring the company's financial success.
LOMA 301 provides a detailed discussion of the activities of insurance administration for individual and group life coverages, focusing on underwriting, reinsurance, claims, and customer service.
LOMA 302 is an online course that presents an in-depth study of insurance administration activities for individual and group life insurance, focusing on underwriting, customer service, and claims activities. It includes examples from actual insurance applications and claims that allow the student to apply their knowledge to real-life situations.
LOMA 307 introduces industry employees to basic financial concepts and terminology and relates these concepts to the business of insurance and company operations and profitability.
LOMA 308 is an online course that presents basic economic, financial, and business concepts and practices related to insurance company management, operations, solvency and profitability.
LOMA 311 presents the basic features and principles of the legal environment in which financial services companies around the world operate.
LOMA 316 presents the basic features and principles of the legal environment in which financial services companies in Canada operate.
LOMA 320 covers marketing principles and the functions of marketing as an integral aspect of the life and health insurance industry.
LOMA 321 is an online interactive course that uses a variety of media to present basic marketing principles and to show how these principles are used in the financial services industry to satisfy customers' financial needs and to create profitable customer relationships.
LOMA 335 presents financial services from the perspective of a company's operations management. This course focuses on practical techniques to accomplish the everyday tasks of providing financial services as efficiently as possible.
LOMA 357 provides an understanding of the investment regulatory environment and investing for life insurance companies and similar institutions. It covers investment types, returns, risks, performance, strategies for institutional investors, and fund options for retirement and other products.
LOMA 361 provides a broad exposure to financial and managerial accounting in life insurance companies, including the corporate and regulatory environment in which accounting functions occur.
LOMA 371 describes technical product design for life insurance and annuities and the current state of risk management in insurance companies.
Learners who have credit for the discontinued courses below automatically receive FLMI credit for the applicable course category shown.
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Are the Buffalo Bills a candidate to move up the board in next month's draft?
General manager Doug Whaley told WGR-AM in Buffalo on Friday that he hasn't ruled out a first-round trade for the right player, saying: "If we think this guy is going to get us over the hump and get us into the playoffs, which is our stated goal, then why not make the deal?"
Bills director of player personnel Jim Monos also told the team's official website that Buffalo sees "five to six" prospects "that we would consider elite."
The Bills, of course, pick ninth. While a flurry of surprise selections might bump one of those "elite" targets down, Monos said the front office is "open to everything" to get their guy.
Buffalo's defense is packed with talent. We've talked about them on the "Around The League Podcast" as a squad that looks playoff-ready beyond the question mark at quarterback, where second-year passer EJ Manuel remains a work in progress.
Whaley said last month that the team is "all in" on Manuel, but acknowledged this week that adding weapons around him is a motivating factor in considering a possible trade.
Build your own mock draft:
Make your best guesses here for all 32 picks of the first round of the NFL Draft and you could win a trip to attend the 2014 NFL Kickoff game. Play now ...
"Sometimes you have to bring in a dimension that you don't have and a size receiver is a dimension that we don't have," Whaley said. "It would help EJ just because he can find that guy anywhere and also EJ can basically throw up the ball and you've got a 6-5 guy with 35-inch arms and 30-plus vertical, that's a big target that you can have down the field. So that's an exciting thing."
That answer came specifically in reference to 6-foot-5, 231-pound pass-catcher Mike Evans out of Texas A&M, who NFL Media's Bucky Brooks called the "crown jewel" among this year's collection of "big, athletic receivers with the potential to dominate on the perimeter."
Brooks named the Buccaneers, at No. 7, as his top target for Evans, with the Lions (No. 10), Giants (No. 12) and Rams (Nos. 2 and 13) in the mix. The way Whaley talked about the receiver, Evans to Buffalo -- perhaps the result of a little wheeling and dealing -- wouldn't surprise us from a Bills team potentially willing to move on from Stevie Johnson.
The latest "Around The League Podcast" breaks down the draft with NFL Films' Greg Cosell.


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KC Womens Music Network Showcase feat. Julie Bennett Hume, Leslie Giggler, & Val Tankard
- Posted in KKFI Community Stage
The 87th Annual Plaza Art Fair
Held Friday, September 21, 2018 through Sunday, September 23, 2018, The Plaza Art Fair encompasses nine city blocks and welcomes a crowd of over 250,000. Featuring 240 artists, the Plaza Art Fair is atop-ranked, national art event with three live music stages and over 25 featured restaurant booths. It continues to be a weekend of people simply celebrating art and each other, as well as Kansas City's unofficial welcome to the fall season.


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Bill to limit flood insurance rate hikes headed to president
The Senate gave final congressional approval Thursday to a bill that would limit rate increases for federal flood insurance policies to 18 percent per year.
The legislation also restored grandfathering, so that rates don't go up when flood maps are redrawn, and allowed home buyers to keep the same flood insurance premium subsidies that the sellers had.
A 2012 law that caused rate increases to be triggered by home sales caused strong objections in coastal areas because it made it so difficult to sell. That provision and others in the law had resulted in sharp rate increases for some homeowners.
The House of Representatives already passed the measure with support from both parties, and it is now headed to President Barack Obama's desk. Supporters expect he will sign it into law.
"There are lot of people in Florida who are going to be saved unconscionable increases," Sen. Bill Nelson, D-Fla., said on the Senate floor before the 72-22 vote.
"This compromise will give homeowners some peace of mind, assuring them that their flood insurance rates will not immediately soar from several hundred dollars to the thousands and tens of thousands," said Sen. Roger Wicker, R-Miss.
Republican Rep. Steven Palazzo of Mississippi, a leader in fighting to roll back the 2012 law, said that the bipartisan compromise, not an everyday event in polarized Washington, "is truly a testament to people overcoming politics."
The legislation also provides refunds to homeowners who already paid high rates. In a separate voice vote, the Senate passed a bill says that the refunds won't be given to owners of second homes.
Coburn afterward declared that the Senate had failed to solve the problem of the National Flood Insurance Program, which is $24 billion in debt.
"We undermine the incentive to mitigate for risk," said Sen. Tom Coburn, R-Okla. He said the Senate took "the politically expedient path" and warned it would add to the debt burden of the future.
He also asserted that most of those who will benefit from the lower rates are among the top 20 percent of wealthiest Americans.
"We gave a break to the most well-off people in the country," Coburn said. He disagreed with supporters who said that most homeowners who would benefit weren't wealthy. Coburn said 70 percent of them were in the top 20 percent of income.
Americans for Prosperity and other conservative groups opposed the legislation, saying that the subsidies were not needed and calling for the government to stop requiring flood insurance.
Greg Gordon of the Washington Bureau contributed.
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com; Twitter: @reneeschoof.


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Because of its long term pension liabilities, GM is worth more dead than alive. I doubt any automaker or wealthy investor (other than the U.S. Government) will touch it prior to its evenutal bankruptcy.
The company's crazy pension commitments are just crazy. As of last year they were costing the company $1,300 per car. With GM sales down something ridiculous – over 50% in February from the year prior – pension costs this year will cost over $2,000 per vehicle.
What's a GM pensioner to do? Well, nothing, really. The pensioner can sit on his or her ass all he or she wants and will still collect until the company is sucked dry. After that, who knows? For some reason I think I'll be helping to pick up the tab.
Here's my suggestion after the bankruptcy: Offer up a pension amount fixed at some amount per car. Let's say the company agrees to put $1,000 per car into the pension account. Take the total car sales for the year, multiply by $1,000 and divide by the number of pensioners; that's the amount each pensioner will get the following year.
This has some real advantages over the current scheme, mainly that pensioners could make out really well in good years, and they have an incentive to help GM make sure it has good years. And I won't have to subsidize them through some government support package.
Just a thought.


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Watch Rihanna Twerk… in the Middle of the Ocean [Video]
That's hawt.
Rihanna took a break from posting topless photos on Instagram to twerk.
Her BFF Melissa Forde, who posts lots and lots of footage of RiRi on her account, as if to say, "I hang out with Rihanna and you don't," shared a vid of Ri shaking dat azz on a boat in the middle of the ocean.
With her gray locks, her pink visor, blue bathing suit, and loads of bling, Ri does her thang like she is trying out for a rap video. We want to see her twerk in one of her own videos down the road!
She shakes her booty, shrieks and does a mini twerk. She doesn't seem to be all that into twerkability.
Honestly, RiRi has nothing on Miley Cyrus, who can be credited with relaunching the twerk craze, or Nicki Minaj, who twerked up in a Busta Rhymes video recently.
RiRi is probably better at toking up with the green stuff than twerking on video. Hey, whatever works, right? She's living the live, enjoying the water and not exactly nursing a Breezy-caused broken heart right now, either.


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Dear Tax Talk,
I have a question about tax deductions for investment property. I own a house with a mortgage, but I am moving soon to another state and going to place my current residence for rent. Can I take the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System, or MACRS, depreciation on the full amount of the mortgage — or just what I have paid into it? Thanks.
— Cesca
Dear Cesca,
There are lots of tax deductions for investment property: Welcome to the wonderful world of tax benefits of leveraged real estate — or just leverage in general. Leverage means borrowing money to finance your property or projects. Not only do you get to write off the interest associated with the borrowing, you also can claim cost recovery through depreciation for property in which you may have little or no cash investment.
In your case, you would apply the MACRS to the basis of the residence. Your basis in this case is the lower of the cost or fair market value, or FMV, at the time you convert the property to rental use. Your cost includes any amounts you have borrowed.
For example if the home cost $275,000 for which you paid 100 percent with interest-only financing and the FMV is $300,000 at the time you convert it to rental, your depreciable basis would be $275,000. Residential rental real estate is recovered over 27.5 years on a straight-line basis. This equates to $10,000 in annual depreciation deductions for this example, ignoring any allocation you may have to make to nondepreciable land.
The tax beauty of this is that you're claiming a $10,000 deduction, and you didn't have to make any cash investment to get it. If you're in a 25 percent tax bracket, you just saved $2,500 in taxes. Of course, down the road, you'll have to recapture the depreciation deductions. But for now, you've deferred some tax, which is a sound tax strategy.
If you use leverage in a business setting, investment in financed property that is used in the business can result in positive cash flow on an after-tax basis. For example, a dentist is considering adding an examining room that will run $100,000. The equipment will be financed in full by the vendor. Under the current rules of bonus depreciation and Section 179, the full amount of the equipment can be written off in the year it is installed. Assuming the dentist is in the top tax bracket, he nets a 40 percent tax savings or is $40,000 ahead by adding the extra room. Of course, eventually he'll have to pay for the equipment, but he hopes the increased capacity will lead to increased production. Since the equipment is used in his business, he has no tax issues with respect to passive losses such as in rental real estate. If he operates as an S corporation, he'll have to pay attention to basis limitations for this strategy to work.
Ask the adviser
To ask a question on Tax Talk, go to the "Ask the Experts" page and select "Taxes" as the topic. Read more Tax Talk columns.
To ensure compliance with requirements imposed by the IRS, we inform you that any U.S. federal tax advice contained in this communication (including any attachments) is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties under the Internal Revenue Code or (ii) promoting, marketing or recommending to another party any transaction or matter addressed herein. Taxpayers should seek professional advice based on their particular circumstances.
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rubygems-pwn 0.1.1
A Proof of Concept (PoC) exploit for an trivial Security vulnerability in how RubyGems converts YAML-dumped gemspecs, back into Ruby code, when installing RubyGems. This ties into the larger design mistake, of storing installed gemspecs as Ruby code; since evaling Ruby code was faster than loading YAML gemspecs. When handling data, it is safer to store it in a static format (YAML, XML, CSV), instead of executable code.