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Bovine TB: consultation on proposals to introduce licensed badger control to prevent the spread of bovine tuberculosis in the Low Risk Area (England) Response from the Zoological Society of London
Bovine TB: consultation on proposals to introduce licensed badger control to prevent the spread of bovine tuberculosis in the Low Risk Area (England)
Response from the Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) has a long history of scientific engagement with the
management of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in British cattle and wildlife. We have commented on
each of the seven issues on which Defra has requested views. Our responses are based upon
scientific evidence, and supported by references to the literature wherever appropriate.
(a) The principle of controlling the risk from badgers with TB in the LRA
In the High Risk Area (HRA), badger populations are managed with the aim of reducing the
immediate risk of TB transmission from infected badgers to cattle. The consultation document
indicates a similar aim for the Low Risk Area (LRA). However, an additional or alternative aim
would be to reduce the risk of TB transmission from infected cattle to badgers. This latter aim
is especially appropriate for the LRA where, as the consultation document states, sporadic TB
incidents are caused mainly by movements of cattle from the HRA. In such circumstances,
minimising cattle-to-badger transmission could avoid badger populations becoming infected,
for example from bought-in cattle, reducing the longer-term risk of badger-to-cattle infection.
The risk of badger-to-cattle transmission is likely to be so low in the LRA that managing
badgers may not be worthwhile. In the HRA, the best estimates indicate that just 5.7% of TBaffected
cattle herds (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9-25%) acquire infection from badgers1.
This figure is probably even lower in the LRA, where the consultation document indicates that
fewer badgers are likely to be infected, with most herd infections caused by bought-in cattle.
Hence, badger management to avoid badger-to-cattle transmission in the LRA may provide a
poor return on investment.
In contrast, managing badgers to avoid cattle-to-badger transmission in the LRA is much more
likely to be useful. There is strong circumstantial evidence that cattle transmit M. bovis to
badgers2, and hence a risk that moving infected cattle into the LRA might lead to localised
infection in the badger population, increasing the risk of longer-term transmission back to
cattle. Hence, badger management to avoid cattle-to-badger transmission in the LRA may
indeed be worthwhile.
It is important to distinguish whether the short-term aim of badger management is to reduce
badger-to-cattle transmission or cattle-to-badger transmission, because the two forms of
transmission are likely to require different forms of management. Badger culling is used in the
HRA with the aim of reducing badger-to-cattle transmission; however culling badgers is very
unlikely to reduce cattle-to-badger transmission. In contrast with culling, badger vaccination
should have the capacity to curb cattle-to-badger transmission3.
Badger vaccination differs profoundly from badger culling in that, while culling can increase
TB transmission as well as reducing it2,4-12 there is no evidence that badger vaccination causes
harmful effects in either badgers or cattle3,13-15. For this reason, vaccination can be
implemented in smaller areas than culling, and for shorter time periods, without fear of illeffects.
Furthermore, in comparison with culling, vaccination has fewer welfare implications,
is cheaper, and is more publicly acceptable. For these reasons, badger vaccination could in
principle be implemented routinely as soon as cattle infection is detected in the LRA, as a
precautionary measure, pending investigation to determine whether the badger population is
infected, and before taking a decision about whether vaccination would be repeated in
subsequent years.
On this basis, ZSL supports the principle of badger vaccination in the LRA, but not the
principal of badger culling.
(b) The principle of a government-led badger control operation where required.
Government-led badger management was discontinued in 2005 to reduce costs to taxpayers.
However, government-led operations are more easily coordinated and quality-controlled than
those led by farmers, and might be especially appropriate where a small team of specialist
staff is needed to implement multiple localised operations.
However, we are concerned by the suggestion in the consultation document that such
government-led action might be conducted outside the provision of the Protection of Badgers
Act. If culling in the LRA is unlikely to fulfil "the purposes of preventing the spread of disease",
as required by the Protection of Badgers Act, then it should not be pursued. Moreover,
Parliament voted to protect badgers and, in seeking to bypass the Act, government risks
sending a message that it tolerates killing of protected species.
We also note that the consultation document cites – without attribution – the wording of the
Animal Health Act, referring to a hope that culling would "substantially reduce or even
eliminate" TB. The Animal Health Act allows ministers to take strong action (e.g. to authorise
"methods of destruction that would otherwise be unlawful") if convinced that such action is
necessary to "eliminate or substantially reduce" disease risks. A plan to cull badgers in Wales
under the Animal Health Act was overturned by Judicial Review, and many of the legal
arguments against that proposed cull would apply even more strongly in this case, as there is
consistent scientific evidence that small-scale culling increases cattle TB4-9,12 rather than
"substantially reducing" it. Moreover, the availability of badger vaccination as a more
appropriate tool in the LRA indicates that such culling is certainly not "necessary".
(c) The principle of taking a precautionary case-by-case approach, dependent on the local
conditions and situation, including as regards the number of years in which culling is
carried out.
ZSL challenges the notion that the proposed approach is precautionary. The precautionary
principle indicates that action should be taken to avoid causing harm, even if the probability
or magnitude of harm is uncertain. In contrast, small-scale badger culling is an action
associated with strong evidence of causing harm rather than preventing it. The precautionary
principle thus provides no justification for small-scale culling. In contrast, badger vaccination
might be used as part of a precautionary approach, as it does not cause harm.
Regardless of whether Defra's planned approach is precautionary, we are concerned that it is
perilously vague. No criteria are provided to indicate the circumstances when culling would
be preferred over vaccination, how large an area should be targeted, how many times culling
or vaccination should be repeated, what proportion of land access would be required, and
what level of population reduction would be needed. Such criteria are important for two
reasons. First, it is well-established that badger culls which are small-scale, patchy, or shortterm
can increase cattle TB rather than reducing it16,17; hence clear criteria are needed to
avoid harmful impacts on cattle health. Second, badger culling requires killing a protected
species, an action that would be unlawful unless legally justified on disease control grounds.
Hence, clear criteria are needed to show that the proposed action would have disease control
benefits sufficient to justify destruction of protected wildlife. In the LRA, evidence suggests
that sustained large-scale badger culling would be unjustifiable on conservation and cost
grounds, and small-scale culling unjustifiable because it is ineffective. By contrast, badger
vaccination could be a promising way to reduce TB spread.
(d) The principle of using culling or vaccination or a combination of the two to control
risks from badgers with TB in the LRA
As noted above, ZSL supports the principal of using badger vaccination within the LRA.
ZSL does not support the principal of using badger culling in the LRA. As noted above, badgerto-
cattle transmission of M. bovis is likely to be very infrequent in the LRA, and attempting to
prevent it by culling unlikely to be worthwhile. Minimising cattle-to-badger transmission in
the LRA might be worthwhile, but is unlikely to be achievable by culling. In the LRA, evidence
suggests that sustained large-scale badger culling would be unjustifiable on conservation and
cost grounds, and small-scale culling unjustifiable because it is ineffective4-9,12.
The consultation document states that "The aim of introducing badger control in the LRA would
be to … prevent further geographic spread of TB in badgers". In contrast with this stated aim,
there is strong evidence that badger culling causes the "geographic spread of TB in badgers" as
well as in cattle, by disrupting badger movement patterns and hence increasing contact with
other badgers and with cattle5-7,9,10,18,19. Indeed, the Godfray et al. paper16 cited in the
consultation document states that "small-scale… badger culling… may exacerbate the disease
problem through a perturbation effect".
The consultation document dismisses the risk of perturbation, stating that "the risk of the
perturbation effect is… much lower than that in the HRA and Edge Area" because "the
perturbation effect is associated with infected badgers outside of the cull area increasing their
roaming" and "there is no evidence which points to widespread infection in the badger
population across the LRA". These statements indicate a misunderstanding of how
perturbation occurs within badger populations*. Perturbation is not thought to result from
infected badgers entering a culled area; rather, culling increases mixing within the badger
population, encouraging transmission among badgers remaining in the culling area, and
between such badgers and those immigrating from adjoining land2. Such mixing need not
involve immigration of infected individuals; it is possible that immigration could provide a
supply of susceptible (uninfected) individuals which become infected through contact with
individuals which survived the cull. Importantly, such altered badger behaviour has been
linked to increased cattle TB, indicating that the harmful consequences of badger behaviour
change can exceed the beneficial consequences of lower badger numbers.
*Defra's claim that perturbation is unlikely to occur in the LRA contrasts with its parallel claim that "rapid geographical
spread is likely to be more of a risk" in the LRA because such spread "is likely to occur when social groups are disrupted or at
lower densities" and "much of the LRA has a lower density of badgers". Defra's expectation of rapid TB spread through the LRA
badger population confuses naturally low population density with population density which has been artificially reduced by
culling, two different phenomena likely to have different consequences for badger movement and hence TB spread. In the
absence of culling, badger density is determined by food availability20. When food is abundant, many badgers are born but
few die, and the population grows. When the number of badgers matches the food supply (termed carrying capacity), many
badgers have enough food to survive but not to breed21,22; the birth rate slows21,22, and the population stabilises. At carrying
capacity, immigration is rare because the badgers born into a territory fiercely defend its resources from intruders23. But,
when culling suddenly reduces badger numbers, there is more food, and fewer badgers to defend it. Some of the badgers that
were unable to breed in their home territories move to exploit food and breeding opportunities in the culled area, and this is
what causes perturbation2,24. But those badgers only move because the culled area is below carrying capacity, that is, it
contains fewer badgers than the environment could support. In contrast, if carrying capacity is naturally low, badger density
is low but immigration would still be rare, because immigrants would not be able to exploit untapped food resources by
moving. Evidence suggests that badger social organisation across the low TB risk areas of northern England (density
4.9/km2)25 and Scotland (densities 1.9-6.0/km2)20 is similar to that observed in high risk areas of Cornwall (4.2-6.5/km2)26,27,
Avon (5.8/km2)27, Staffordshire (6.2/km2)28 and Gloucestershire (25.3/km2)29, with consistently stable territories and low
home range overlap. There is thus no strong justification for expecting more rapid TB transmission between social groups in
the LRA, and likewise no reason to dismiss the risk of perturbation.
ZSL is likewise opposed to combinations of culling and vaccination. Our own research
suggests that concurrent vaccination and culling, as conducted in Test-Vaccinate-Remove
(TVR) programmes, risks increasing cattle TB rather than reducing it11. Vaccination after
culling – sometimes portrayed as an exit strategy from culling – is unpromising because, while
vaccination impedes disease transmission by protecting susceptible animals30, culling
increases prevalence2 and is thus expected to reduce the effectiveness of vaccination. In
general, vaccination and culling work by different mechanisms and are unlikely to be more
effective when used in combination. ZSL considers vaccination on its own to be a more
promising approach.
(e): In relation to cases where culling is deployed, the principle of lowering the badger
population of the affected area sufficiently to reduce the risk of infection of cattle from
badgers (whether through direct or indirect contact), and ideally substantially reduce or
even eliminate it.
It is very unlikely that reducing the local badger population through small-scale culling will
"substantially reduce or even eliminate" the risk of M. bovis transmission to cattle in the LRA.
Multiple studies have shown that small-scale badger culling increases cattle TB2,4-12, but there
are no studies which have detected benefits of localised culling†.
We are concerned that the wording "substantially reduce or even eliminate" reflects the text of
the Animal Health Act, which allows ministers to take strong action (e.g. to authorise "methods
of destruction that would otherwise be unlawful") if convinced that such action is necessary to
"eliminate or substantially reduce" disease risks. As noted above, evidence indicates that
localised badger culling will not "eliminate or substantially reduce" TB risks to cattle, and the
availability of badger vaccination as a more appropriate tool in the LRA indicates that such
culling is certainly not "necessary".
(f): On the proposed revisions to the Guidance to Natural England on licensed badger
control. Draft revised Guidance can be found at Annex B. See the new section on Low Risk
Area Badger Disease Control. The new section header and other revisions to the Guidance
have been highlighted in yellow for ease of reference.
As we have indicated above, we are concerned that the Guidance to Natural England provides
no criteria to determine the geographical extent, timescale, landowner consent, or population
reduction needed to deliver a cull likely to "prevent the spread of disease" and therefore justify
licensing under the Protection of Badgers Act. Indeed, as there is no evidence to show that
small-scale badger culling can "prevent the spread of disease", but strong evidence that such
culling can increase disease spread2,4-12, the draft Guidance requires Natural England to ignore
scientific evidence in issuing licences to kill a species it is charged with protecting.
On a much smaller point, we wonder why the section entitled "The Policy" makes no reference
†We also note that the wording of this question suggests confusion about the role of contact between badgers and cattle.
"Direct contact" refers to very close physical proximity between badgers and cattle, allowing transfer of bacteria from one
host species to the other31; this contrasts with "indirect contact", which entails one host species shedding bacteria into the
environment, where the other species encounters it and becomes infected. Direct contact is very uncommon31-33, and indirect
contact is thought to be a more important transmission route. Reducing badger density may not reduce indirect contact risk,
because badgers change their defecation and urination behaviour when their territorial system is disrupted34. However, the
distinction between these forms of transmission is not highly relevant to this consultation question. We wonder whether
Defra is referring instead to the fact that cattle herds originally infected by badgers (badger-to-cattle transmission) may go on
to infect additional herds (cattle-to-cattle transmission), with the latter causing a higher proportion of TB cases than the
former1. Management which prevents badger-to-cattle transmission may thus prevent onward cattle-to-cattle transmission,
magnifying the apparent benefit of such management. However, management targeted directly at cattle-to-cattle
transmission (such as improved testing and controls on cattle movement) is still more promising, and carries no risk of
increasing cattle TB.
to licences for badger vaccination, although the consultation document indicates that
vaccination would be part of the policy.
(g): Any additional comments or approaches which you feel are relevant but not captured by
the questions above.
We have two additional comments.
First, we note that Defra proposes to allow both culling and vaccination only "when all other
cattle and biosecurity measures have been put in place… and there is epidemiological evidence that
the disease is present in badgers". We recognise the reason for this restriction on the
implementation of culling; however we suggest that no such restriction is necessary in relation to
vaccination. To the contrary, we suggest that vaccination could be most usefully deployed
immediately on detection of cattle TB, without waiting for evidence of infection in the badger
population. Such vaccination would be expected to reduce the risks of cattle-to-badger
transmission during breakdown management. Samples could be collected in the course of
vaccination, and vaccination then repeated in subsequent years only if infection were detected, or
breakdown management prolonged.
Second, and more generally, we are concerned that the document fails to convey uncertainty
concerning the outcome of badger culling. For example, the statement that "This action will
avoid future breakdowns and reactors in the affected hotspot area and so deliver an economic
benefit to both industry and government" ignores all the evidence that small-scale culling has
been consistently linked to increased cattle TB (and never shown to deliver reductions in
cattle TB). Likewise, the entire section on the "Benefits" of the proposed approach is based on
an unfounded assumption that small-scale badger culling will reduce cattle TB. Such failure to
portray evidence and uncertainty leads to a consultation document which risks misleading
the public being consulted, undermining the principal of public consultation.
Literature Cited
1 Donnelly, C. A. & Nouvellet, P. The contribution of badgers to confirmed tuberculosis in cattle in high incidence areas in
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2 Woodroffe, R. et al. Culling and cattle controls influence tuberculosis risk for badgers. Proceedings of the National
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31 Woodroffe, R. et al. Badgers prefer cattle pasture but avoid cattle: implications for bovine tuberculosis control. Ecology
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32 Drewe, J. A., O'Connor, H. M., Weber, N., McDonald, R. A. & Delahay, R. J. Patterns of direct and indirect contact between
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The Syrian Orthodox Church, which represents over half of Syrian Christians, issued a statement saying revolutionary fighters had expelled some 50,000 Christians from the embattled city of Homs. That figure is estimated to account for about 90 percent of the Christian community there. Hundreds more — including women and children — were slaughtered, according to charitable organizations operating in the area.
The Orthodox Church referred to the persecution as the "ongoing ethnic cleansing of Christians" by Muslim militants linked to al Qaeda. According to its report, the so-called "Brigade Faruq" is largely to blame, with Islamic extremists going door to door and forcing followers of Christ to leave without even collecting their belongings. Their property is then stolen by rebels as "war-booty from the Christians."
Christians in Homs were reportedly told that if they did not leave immediately, they would be shot. Then, pictures of their bodies would be sent to the pro-Syrian-regime-change Al Jazeera — a media broadcaster controlled by the dictatorship ruling Qatar — with a message claiming that forces loyal to Assad had murdered them.
"Christians are being forced to flee the city to the safety of government-controlled areas," noted a spokesman for the Christian relief agency Barnabas Fund, which reported that over 200 Christians had been murdered by insurgents. "Muslim rebel fighters and their families are taking over their homes."
Other reports noted that Christians were being kidnapped by rebels for use as human shields. "Some Christians who tried to escape a week ago were stopped from leaving by the rebels and were instead forced to go to a mosque to act as shields," a Syrian priest from Hamidiya was quoted as saying by the Daily Telegraph. "They thought that, because Christians support Assad, the government would not attack them."
According to reports from sources on the ground, Muslim militias also used churches to attack government forces. "[M]ost of the time militiamen were using the churches and the Christians as shields to protect themselves from shelling," explained regional director Issam Bishara with the Catholic Near East Welfare Association (CNEWA). "It is also important to mention that some icons inside the churches were damaged on purpose by the militias."
One possible motive cited by analysts for the ongoing persecution is the fact that Syrian Christians largely support the Assad regime, fearing genocide if their protector were to fall at the hands of Islamic extremists. The secular Syrian strongman, despite ruling the nation with an iron fist, is known for protecting Christians and other minorities.
Church leaders in Syria have largely urged their parishioners not to take sides in the conflict. Because Christians make up only around 10 percent of the population of Syria — with Sunni Muslims accounting for about 80 percent — there is widespread concern over what might come next in the civil war.
Meanwhile, Human Rights Watch (HRW) has documented a wide array of abuses committed by the regime. However, it also reported last month that the rebels were kidnapping, torturing, and executing perceived opponents — and not just Christians.
"We are writing to express our concern about increasing evidence … of kidnappings, the use of torture, and executions by armed Syrian opposition members," Executive Director Sarah Leah Whitson of the group's Middle East & North Africa division wrote in an open letter to the rebels, urging them to stop engaging in the "unlawful" practices.
The group also said civilians had been targeted and that some of the attacks appeared to be motivated by sectarianism. Citing a United Nations-mandated "Commission of Inquiry" report on Syria, the organization noted that the armed rebels "have committed gross human rights abuses." Those crimes include kidnapping, execution, and displacement of civilians — mostly members of minority groups or perceived supporters of the Assad regime.
After the U.S. invasion, Christians in Iraq were viciously slaughtered by various factions. The ancient communities there — which had survived for almost 2,000 years — are now almost gone. In fact, according to most estimates, the population of Christians in Iraq has declined by two thirds or more. And many of those who successfully fled went to Syria, where they now face an uncertain fate once again.
The chaos in Syria, which borders Iraq, began more than a year ago when armed militants among groups of protesters killed police, burned down government buildings, and more. The Assad regime responded by deploying the military to quash the unrest in what observers said was a brutal and bloody crackdown on dissent. Almost 10,000 people have already been killed in the clashes, according to estimates.
But analysts say that if the rebellion succeeds in toppling Assad — which at this point remains uncertain, as the Russian and Iranian governments continue to support their ally — Syria will likely go the way of other nations afflicted by the so-called "Arab Spring." Islamists like the Muslim Brotherhood and even more extreme groups are likely to seize power, with dire implications for freedom — and especially for the Christian minority.
The Obama administration, Western leaders, Arab dictatorships, and the chief of al Qaeda have all publicly expressed support for the rebels. Various forms of aid are also flowing to opposition forces from an assortment of governments and terror groups. The U.K. has even been openly shoveling tax money at the rebels despite concerns expressed by some Christian members of Parliament.
"A great many have taken refuge in neighboring Syria in which, despite the heavy-handed nature of its dictatorial regime, Christians (and indeed Jews) have found an oasis of relative calm until hit by the recent stirrings of the Arab Spring," wrote MP Edward Leigh, blasting recent attacks and murders of Christians in the nation — many of whom found asylum there after Islamist forces were unleashed in Iraq and elsewhere in the region. He also warned that thousands of Christians could be killed if Assad falls.
"Christians are currently engaged in almost every aspect of public life in Syria. Can we realistically expect this to continue under an Islamist government with democratic legitimacy?" Leigh wondered. "As we are now witnessing beatings, abductions, and xenophobic killings in free Libya, the West must be forced to acknowledge the pernicious edge of our liberal internationalist foreign policy."
The UN, meanwhile, sought to pass a resolution demanding "regime change" in Syria, but the measure was vetoed in the Security Council by the Russian and Chinese governments — citing the recent NATO- and Islamist-backed bloodbath in Libya. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton vowed to redouble the administration's efforts to topple Assad anyway, proposing an international coalition to do the job.
Late last month, Obama was publicly considering sending "aid" to the Syrian rebels. And over the weekend, an assortment of governments, including the United States, announced that they would be sending millions of dollars.
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UN & Obama Supporting Islamo-Marxist Terror Group in Iraq
Americans Oppose Intervention in Syria
Citing Syria, UN Assembly Boss Says End Security Council Veto Power
UN-backed Forces Slaughter Christians in Ivory Coast
Egyptian Regime Kills Dozens of Christian Protesters
Photo: A Syrian woman lights a candle for the people and army soldiers who were killed during the recent violence around the country during a mass service prayer at the Holy Cross Church, in Damascus, Syria, Jan. 9, 2012.


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To the Klondike Summit
SGY-140 | Skagway, Alaska | See Special Notes
Passport required |
Already booked your cruise?
*Price displayed in US Dollars unless otherwise noted; excursions priced in other currencies may be available on select voyages only. Prices are based on the amount Princess typically charges for each excursion, but your price may vary by voyage date and departure time.
Tour at a Glance
Tour Overview
The large picture windows of your minibus afford spectacular views as you travel through historic Skagway and along the Klondike Highway up to the West White Pass Summit in the St. Elias Range. This is the highest coastal range in the world, beginning on mainland Alaska extending into Canada.
Driving along the Klondike Highway, you travel one of North America's most scenic mountain roads, paralleling the historic White Pass railroad into the interior. The past comes alive as your guide imparts a century's worth of White Pass stories and identifies numerous glaciers and peaks. There are plenty of sights along the way, including Dead Horse Trail, the old Brackett Wagon Road, Pitchfork Falls and Moore Bridge.
When you reach the summit, 3,290 feet high, the pristine air invigorates you and the vast silence is broken only by the sound of the wind blowing across this moonscape of rock and alpine foliage. Photography opportunities abound, and your guide will gladly take your picture as a memento of your trip.
Your return drive back to the port is equally picturesque and you have the choice of going directly to the ship or being dropped off in town for independent sightseeing and shopping. Additionally, this short excursion with its frequent departures is a perfect option for those wishing to book multiple tours throughout their day.
Special Notes
Since this tour enters Canada, all guests must carry a passport or other WHTI compliant document. For U.S. citizens these documents include: U.S. Passport, U.S. Passport Card, Enhanced Driver's License, Trusted Traveler Card and Military ID Card (for U.S. armed forces members on official orders). Citizens of certain countries need a visa to visit Canada – visit www.cic.gc.ca/english/visit/visas.asp to see if this applies. Written consent is required for children traveling into Canada without both parents.
Unaccompanied Minor Policy: Children under the age of 18 must be accompanied by a parent or guardian.
Passport Requirements:
Since this tour enters Canada, all guests must carry a passport or other WHTI compliant document. Notarized written consent is required for children traveling into Canada without both parents.
Child Price:
12 years & under only


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Moss housing plan has legs
Hearts ... to Garfield Moss for bringing a plan to Bluffton's Town Council that could help convert substandard mobile homes into solid, livable homes for people in our community.
The plan seems well-researched and plausible.
A partnership between Moss' nonprofit housing corporation and the town would mean repairs to the foundations of existing mobile homes and includes federal grant money. The grant money could be used for repairs to roofs, windows, exterior doors, heating and air-conditioning systems, insulation, floors and other replacements. Areas in Old Town targeted by the plan include: Goethe, Simmonsville and Buck Island roads.
Stay tuned.
Whitney Houston coverage over the top
Darts ... to the national media for covering every waking moment since the public learned of Whitney Houston's death Feb. 11.
The coverage went way beyond what was needed. Houston died a tragic death after a couple decades of drug and alcohol abuse. It's sad, but it's not worth 24/7 TV coverage.
The glamorization of her death is disappointing and sets a poor example for the younger generations of who they should choose as role models.
Bluffton residents have heart
Hearts ... to another Bluffton family for taking in an abused dog. A pit bull from Savannah that apparently was being used as a "bait" dog headed to Bluffton once it was released in Effingham County last week.
Bluffton people apparently have big hearts for dogs out of the Savannah area. A few of weeks ago more than a dozen dogs ended up here and in Ridgeland at shelters after a Savannah man's home was searched and 71 dogs were found living in the tiny home.
We're glad Bluffton takes care of our four-legged friends.
Rash of break-ins sign of the times
Darts ... to the people responsible for the rash of car break-ins occurring in subdivisions off Buckwalter and Bluffton parkways.
It is a sign of the times and crimes like this spike. But by not locking your car doors and leaving any type of valuables in plain sight, you are asking for trouble. As police have suggested when the break-ins first were reported, use common sense and lock your cars and remove any valuables.
Stealing is a crime, but not taking measures to prevent it is inexcusable.
Sun City retiree steps up
Hearts ... to J. Craig Forrest of Sun City Hilton Head who was elected as vice chairman of the seven-member South Carolina Transportation Commission. He's currently serving a four-year term and is part of the group that works with the SCDOT budget and helps prioritize work on area roads.
Forrest is no stranger to roads and transportation issues. He worked in transportation planning for more than 27 years in the Maryland Department of Transportation and then for Baltimore County. He and his wife moved in July 2006 to Sun City.


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Titulo: Justice League Heroes
Plataforma: PS2
Genero: Action
Justice League Heroes is an action adventure game with role-playing customization featuring Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, The Flash, Wonder Woman, Martian Manhunter, Zatanna and other unlockable Justice League super heroes. Each hero possesses an array of character-specific, upgradeable superpowers resulting in unique controls and fighting-styles. Engaging in one-to-two player cooperative combat, gamers will be able to customize and master these superpowers as they travel through interactive and destructible environments spanning the farthest corners of the universe.


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Americans like things either easy or tough, John F. Kennedy once said. In 1962 JFK said, "We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard."
America does seem to perform best as a nation when the going gets tough. We rose to the occasion during World War I, the Great Depression and World War II. Then we sent a man to the moon to boost our country's level of technology over the rest of the world.
By the same token, no other nation can top Americans when it comes to overindulgence. We denizens of the land of Coca-Cola, Starbucks, DVD players, McDonalds and Disney World always look for better and faster ways to satisfy our various cravings. But, somehow, the nation that invented the roller coaster, the ice-cream cone and television still remains the hardest-working, most inventive country in the world. We like to work hard, but also like to have fun. We enjoy a victory cigar (or whatever) after a job well done — on days that actually do come to an end.
The yin and yang of our work and play ethic is what makes American electrical construction workers the best in the world. Yeah, I know — I'm really going out on a limb with that line. (Bet you didn't think I was even going to get around to talking about electrical work, did you?) But I think it's true. U.S. electrical contractors like time- and labor-saving devices, experiment with new products and methods, love the challenge of getting a job done on time, and know when the game's over and it's Miller Time.
It pays to advertise. It often seems that advertising is the first thing a company cuts when business stops booming. But, actually, some savvy advertisers actually spend more — and worry less — during hard times, according to a recent article in USA Today. Several major marketers are boosting ad spending during this economic downturn and seeing a boost in sales — and even profit — as a result. Smart companies cut non-essential spending such as business travel and management consultants and beef up advertising spending when business slackens. The reason is simple: Your company stands out more when fewer competitors advertise.
It's true that many electrical contractors — even large firms — do just fine without advertising. They operate on the force of the principal's personality and word-of-mouth about their company's quality. And it's also true that the faltering economy has yet to slow electrical construction. The electrical contracting market remains exactly as robust as it was two years ago in most regions. But no one knows how long this economic malaise will last or how it will affect the construction market. In the meanwhile, it always pays to promote your company. Don't scrimp on yellow-page ads; make sure your logos and signage look up to date.
Loose wires cause fires! Stamp out homegrown wiring! There's an enormous market in the United States for rewiring old homes. In fact, some areas have more business than electrical contractors can even handle. On his Web site, Virgil Kelly, Kelly Electric, Lewisburg, W. Va., estimates 90% of homes in southern West Virginia have old, inadequate wiring. "I fear that…we are embarking upon an era of electrical problems (fire and/or electrocution) reaching epidemic proportions," he said. The Web site offers some great tips on what consumers should look for in an old home: Loose receptacles, open wire splices, over-wattage of light bulbs and blinking of lights.
Meanwhile, across the pond, an English contracting site, www.tradanet.co.uk/conselectricians.htm, offers these tips to homeowners: "Ensure that your electrician uses the best quality components and covers the 'safety' aspects with you. Even if you are a keen DIYer, think twice before tackling electrical jobs — can you really do it safely?"
Now define "definition." Words can be slippery, confusing things — even outside of the technical arena. For instance, "quantum," as in quantum physics, means something very small — not something very big like it sounds (at least to my ears). Few professions hold greater potential for disaster from confusing language than electrical contracting — particularly for firms that install both power and data wiring. There are just too many new-technology words and acronyms to keep track of. That's why BICSI (which, like CEE News, isn't an acronym for anything) is smart to feature a new BICSI dictionary on its Web site (BICSI.org). The dictionary attempts to build a common language for datacom cabling that anyone can understand.
Fuel cells may well tank in cars, but could be money in the bank for buildings. I know CEE News has been saying this for about five years now, but fuel cells are bound to be in your future. It'll be a long time before enough hydrogen is mass-produced to give fuel-cell-driven cars a go. But reliable fuel-cell technology is a natural for powering homes and businesses — particularly those needing a high quality of power and those in remote areas off the power grid. A good place to start learning is the new 2002 NE Code Article 692, which covers the installation and wiring aspects of fuel-cell technology. We think that when fuel cells finally do catch fire, the market's going to explode.


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Wasteland Survival Guide - Part 8
- Install the processor widget in the RobCo production facility mainframe.
- Return to Moira.
RobCo Widget[edit]
Now, there's only two more things left to do. Then, we're finally done dealing with Moira's epic side quest. We chose the option to go to the RobCo factory nearby to install a piece into the mainframe computer there so that Moira can study various robots and machines in the factory. What's more, she encourages you to do this so you can have access to all of these robots as well. It's beyond us why she thinks we would even want these robots, but regardless, we've come this far. We might as well finish the job, right?
The RobCo facility is southwest of Megaton, and it's a bit of a walk getting there. Unless you've been there before, you're going to have to manually walk from Megaton (or a spot closer, if applicable). For the sake of this, however, we'll be assuming you're coming from Megaton. Strap yourself with a weapon and begin heading in a westerly, southwesterly direction (remembering that your compass will have a marker pointing you in the right direction as long as this is your active quest on Pip-Boy). En route, you should encounter some simplistic enemies (at least initially), including RadScorpions, Bloatflies and Mole Rats. Nothing you can't handle. Remember -- if enemies are especially easy for you to slay, consider switching to a melee weapon (like the trusty Chinese Officer's Sword) to save precious ammunition.
As you get more and more into the no-man's land between Megaton and the RobCo facility, you'll likely start encountering more difficult enemies. As far as organic enemies are concerned, well-armed Raiders and strong mutated animal foes named Yao Guai will be standard fare (make sure to scour the latter's corpses when slain to get its valuable meat, which you can use or sell later). You will also likely run into robotic enemies like Protectrons, so deal with them en route.
If you take a certain route, you should run into the Fairfax Ruins, an abandoned series of buildings crawling with enemy Raiders. This is an advantageous place to run into not only to add it to your map for later, but because you can use it to have a midway point to teleport back to should you find yourself in trouble, in need of healing, or simply want to get rid of the goods you've been collecting thusly. Otherwise, a continuance of your westward/southwestward journey should ultimately run you smack dab into the RobCo factory you seek (ROBCO will be on the side of the building in huge letters). When you arrive, feel free to teleport back to Megaton to heal yourself, get rid of goods or purchase anything you need. Then, teleport back and head into the building itself.
As long as you don't start running around loudly or shooting your gun, you should be able to enter RobCo relatively undetected. This initial room has four off-shoots to it, but let's search the two on the left first to immediately get them out of the way. Both of these rooms on the left are gross, disgusting and dimly-lit bathrooms which hold an unusual amount of healing items. Search the sinks and toilets in both to find RadAway, a Stimpak and some Rad-X, as well as more useless items like a Plunger and some Scrap Metal. You can also do some additional searching near the desk at the top end of the room. A Toy Car and a plethora of Books can be found. Search the medical kit for another Stimpak and some Dirty Water before proceeding.
The next room you'll want to explore simply for items (because it's a dead end otherwise) is the room on the left side, next to the doors to the bathroom. You'll find all sorts of items if you carefully scour the area, and you might even find more items on downed Protectrons if you look hard enough for them. It's also at this point that enemies like Radroaches and Mole Rats will make themselves seen (you've likely heard them scurrying around up to this point). Holster your firearms and use melee weapons on them to save ammunition. As far as items are concerned, expect to find a lot here. As for the items you can find? A thorough exploration will find lots of goods, including (but not nearly limited to) a Stealth Boy, more Stimpaks, 5mm Ammo, 5.56mm Ammo, Sensor Modules, Conductors, Steam Gauge Assemblies and more. Search it in its entirety before proceeding!
Now, go into the only yet-unexplored area of the RobCo facility on the right side of the building's initial room. This area is separated into two major areas -- the area below and around the metal staircase leading up, and the area (the cafeteria) which the staircase ultimately leads up to. First, explore the lower area, since the cafeteria holds our objective here, while the area around the stairs simply holds items for you to grab. A Big Book of Science, some Purified Water, a Stimpak, a Bottlecap Mine and a Steam Gauge Assembly are among the more valuable things you should find, but keep an eye out to find some lesser items like a Stealth Boy, Conductor and more as well.
Now, head up the stairs and follow either branching corridor to reach the building's cafeteria (you'll be killing plenty of Radroaches and Mole Rats en route, but you probably already realized that). This area is incredibly vast and holds a maddening amount of items (if you're thorough, you're probably going to have to leave and come back two or three times to unload all of your crap). Plenty of food items, like YumYum Deviled Eggs and Salisbury Steaks can be found, as well as valuable sellable items, like more Steam Gauge Assemblies and Cartons of Cigarettes. Oh, and plenty of ammunition, also.
The room you're looking for is up a series of staircases from the cafeteria/offices section, however, and that's what you're going to want to seek out when you have had enough of goods collecting. Of course, some more goods collecting can be done up here (the DC Journal of Internal Medicine is a must-grab), but the large red-hued computer terminal in a central room once up the stairs completely holds the key to this leg of our extended side quest. Examine the terminal to insert the module given to you by Moira, and then quickly disarm yourself of your melee weapon in lieu of something stronger, like an Assault Rifle. Then, turn your ire on the Protectron that springs to life in the room you're in before you gather your thoughts.
Skilled hackers can then hack the computer to control the robots and put an end to the madness you just created, but everyone else is going to have to leave shooting. This is actually not a bad thing, since the Protectrons you've awakened not only carry plenty of laser ammo, but extremely valuable Fission Batteries as well, which you should scour off of their bodies as you leave the building running-and-gunning. Once you get outside (alive), you should instantly transport yourself back to Megaton.
Once in Megaton, unload the rest of the crap you found that you don't want so you can stockpile some Bottle Caps, and then give Moira the good news about your adventures in the robotic factory. Most impressed with what you managed to do, Moira will give you four Pulse Grenades to add to your inventory -- powerful weapons, indeed! If you managed to the optional hacking objective, then expect an even better prize as well! Now, there's only one more thing to do, and then the guide is finally done.
You've seen a lot of books on your journey; most of them completely destroyed beyond recognition. But it's a place called a library that Moira tells you about that will truly have your interest piqued. In this library, you should be able to find plenty of information pertinent to her finishing her book. And there's more good news too. Since the library she wants you to head to is the objective point of a couple of other side quests (unlike, say, the bottling factory we just explored), this is going to be a quick in-and-out operation. You can scour the location for goods at another time... you probably just want to get this side quest over with by now (at least, we do!)
Was this guide helpful?


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Tucked away on the southern tip of Gasparilla Island, the Boca Bay Pass Club is one of Southwest Florida's best kept secrets.
Located on a barrier island and situated only 100 ft. from the Gulf of Mexico, the Club offers a comfortable feel that rivals the finest member-owned clubs in Florida.
There is simply no finer way to spend your leisure time than relaxing while sampling the effortless pleasure of the Boca Bay Pass Club.
We are a full service club, offering a heated swimming pool, 7 lighted Har-Tru tennis courts, and a well-appointed fitness center. We take pride in providing our members with well-maintained first class facilities and exceptional service.
You and your guests can savor the world class cuisine from our Chef and his professional culinary staff in a number of dining venues, including our Gulfside Veranda.
Most importantly, what makes the Boca Bay Pass Club such a special place, is our members. The Club is comprised of families from the Mid-West and East Coast. But all our members come together with one common goal, to relax and enjoy all that the club has to offer. We welcome any opportunity to embrace new members into our Boca Bay Pass Club family.
We invite you to come experience our beautiful Clubhouse first hand. You don't need to be a resident to join as a member. If you simply want to be part of a club where you can enjoy first class facilities and personalized service, then this is the perfect club for you. We are the ideal choice for those seeking an un-crowded and tranquil atmosphere, complete with tennis, dining, fitness, and fun.
We encourage you to visit and take a tour of all the amenities the Boca Bay Pass Club has to offer. We look forward to seeing you soon!
|Boca Bay Pass Club, 898 Gulf Blvd., PO. Box 1677, Boca Grande, FL 33921
Telephone ( 941 ) 964-0769 Fax ( 941 ) 964-2997
Copyright Boca Bay Pass Club and its licensors. All rights reserved.
Wedding Photography by www.stehlikphotography.com Web site by www.studio16.com.


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Experts: Utilities need 'security conscience'
- Feb 9, 2012 7:00 am GMT
- 231 views
As is often the case in utility security discussions, the focus tends to be on how to think about security, rather than specific measures.
The obvious point is that specific measures must be kept under wraps. The less obvious point is that the weak link in applying security measures does tend to be people, and how they think about security.
(Readers may remember that we've hit on this theme before, in two prior columns, "How To Think About Cyber Security" and "CIP: Creating a 'Culture of Compliance'?")
That's not to say that there aren't technical hurdles that can be discussed. I offer here a few insights from a good discussion I overheard last week on both security-related technology and the development of a security culture.
According to Patrick Miller, CEO, EnergySec, and a principal investigator for the National Electric Sector Cybersecurity Organization, data privacy, cryptography and software patching have all become difficult challenges as endpoints on the grid proliferate and the "attack surface" expands.
"Isolation remains a fantastic approach," Miller said in a recent webinar held by Pike Research. "But don't count on it."
(For one thing, isolation is increasingly impossible to achieve, due to digital interconnectedness.)
In the big picture of "turbine to toaster," "we're entering a state of 'hyper-embeddedness,'" Miller said. "We're adding too many devices, too fast.
"Innovation versus security is a big issue," Miller added. "Innovation takes us forward, but security falls by the wayside. It's not that it's impossible, it's just that we're moving too fast.
"Not all vendors are created equal," he cautioned. "Consider using your security specifications and demanding them from your vendor. At least you'll know where you stand."
Miller added that "fast regulation is bad regulation."
"We're looking at 51 bar fights as the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission," he said, "as FERC wants to regulate down into the distribution system."
In the case of the North American Electric Reliability Corporation's Critical Infrastructure Protections, or NERC CIP, a new version just out begins to draw finer distinctions among definitions it uses, raising concerns that such a move "turns back the clock," panelists said.
Ernie Hayden, managing principal for energy security at Verizon, said in response to a question from moderator Bob Lockhart, a senior analyst at Pike Research, that the industry has "plenty of cybersecurity guidance and standards. We can use what we have and just get smarter on implementation."
That's when the discussion moved to how to think about security.
Hayden said that in security discussions with utilities, he had a strong sense that a common theme in the power industry was avoiding fines for non-compliance with security regulations rather than security itself.
"You need executive leadership to focus on security rather than compliance," Hayden said.
An exclusive focus on cyber security, however, will lead to other security vulnerabilities, Hayden said.
"I've recently seen bad physical security at utilities due to an over-focus on cyber security," Hayden said. "I've seen doors left unlocked."
Another weakness of the compliance paradigm?
"You can prescribe action, you cannot prescribe attitude," Miller said.
"I think we need to stand back and use common sense," Hayden said. "What is the problem? Can some problems be solved by a combination of administration, culture and diligence?"
"The networks are contested territory," Miller said. "Intrusion is not a matter of 'if' but 'when.' How do you respond? You can't respond if you aren't monitoring."
"We need to be balancing prevention, detection and response," Miller added.
What's needed is a utility with a "security conscience," a single individual "willing to ask the hard questions," Hayden said.
"One solution to all of this is finding the right people, well-trained people with the right instincts," Miller said. "But finding them and keeping them is a challenge, particularly when it comes to control systems security."
(Readers may also recall that we've touched on the divide between enterprise IT system security and control system security in "Cyber Security and Control Systems.")
Phil Carson
Intelligent Utility Daily
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Landmark News Service
The pictures and trinkets in John Powell's tiny room don't necessarily tell his story.
The 66-year-old Henry County native was born with a defect on the right side of his body, which forced him to wear a brace most of his younger years.
"I remember when I was little, I wore that brace all the way up to my hips," he said.
Crutches also supported the young Powell, but by high school he says he had shucked the aids and was able to walk unassisted.
Now, however, the 66-year-old wishes he could get around better.
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the Henry County Local, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
Click the question mark below to see where your account ID appears on your mailing label.
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It seems that games shipped out prior to release are almost always going to be involved in some kind of "broken street date" scandal. Remember the Bioshock affair, which sent thousands of gamers around the country to the local Toys 'R Us, hoping to nab an early copy? Well, now the same thing has happened in Europe with another big Xbox 360 release.
A Norwegian game shop has reportedly broken the street date for the highly anticipated Halo 3, which is set to be released on September 25. MaxConsole received a picture of a customer holding the title and a display unit set up at a store called "Expert" on Friday.
While this is thus far an isolated case, the original author notes that previous street date breaks have "have resulted in competitors following suit"—something we've discussed before. One can only imagine the swarm of consumers a store in the heart of the U.S. would get if a similar thing happened.


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NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - There are no clear signs that eating cured meats like ham, bacon or hot dogs could increase the odds of getting pancreatic cancer, according to a new study.
Some research has hinted that might be the case, because the preservatives used for curing, nitrate and nitrite, cause tumors in lab animals.
Because pancreatic cancer is highly lethal, scientists have been on a quest to identify factors that might trigger it. Every year, some 43,000 Americans are diagnosed with the disease, and 95 percent die within five years.
"Prevention is really the best way to save a life," said Dr. Daniel Chang, a cancer specialist at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, who was not involved in the new work.
To probe the role of curing chemicals, researchers from the National Cancer Institute used a 124-item food questionnaire to test how much nitrate and nitrite people got from their diet.
Of the more than 300,000 people who filled out the questionnaire, just over 1,000 — about a third of one percent — developed pancreatic cancer over the next 10 years.
Men who ate the most of the preservatives did appear to have a slightly higher chance of getting the disease, but that increase was so small it might as well have been due to chance, according to the study.
There was no hint of a higher risk among women.
The new work adds to a growing body of evidence that has failed to link pancreatic cancer to certain foods or nutrients, such as dietary fiber and vitamin D.
"We don't have a consistent trend of studies showing that eating more of this or less of that is clearly contributing to the risk of pancreatic cancer," said Dr. Andrew Ko, a cancer researcher at the University of California, San Francisco.
The authors, whose report is published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, could not be reached for comment.
Regardless of whether cured meats are linked to pancreatic cancer, experts say the study doesn't mean people shouldn't strive to eat a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and low in fatty foods such as cured meats.
"There are a number of good reasons to practice improved dietary habits — not just for cancer prevention," said Dr. Al Benson, a cancer specialist at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago. "We routinely recommend people limit their intake of fatty foods, and many of these animal products also contain nitrite and nitrate salts."
Lighting up, eating lots of sugar, and being obese have all been tied to a higher risk of pancreatic cancer in earlier work.
"By and large, the best we can do to prevent pancreatic and other cancers," said Benson, "is to encourage people to avoid smoking, to avoid obesity, and to practice improved dietary habits."
SOURCE: bit.ly/ijofP8 American Journal of Epidemiology, online June 17, 2011.


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– As noted before, the February 11th WWE RAW did a 3.15 cable rating with 4.25 million viewers. The viewership is the lowest so far for 2013.
In the segment breakdown, the show opened strong with a 3.33 quarter rating with Paul Heyman and CM Punk. Mark Henry vs. The Great Khali lost 328,000 viewers. Daniel Bryan vs. Chris Jericho gained 84,000 viewers. Sheamus, John Cena and Ryback vs. 3MB in the 9pm timeslot gained 267,000 viewers for a 3.34 quarter rating.
Zack Ryder vs. Jack Swagger lost 253,000 viewers. The Miz vs. Cody Rhodes lost 19,000 more viewers. Tensai and Brodus Clay vs. Primo and Epico lost another 242,000 viewers. The Shield speaking and the brawl with Cena, Sheamus and Ryback gained 392,000 viewers in the 10pm timeslot for a 3.25 quarter rating.
Alberto Del Rio vs. Damien Sandow lost 419,000 viewers and Wade Barrett vs. Kofi Kingston lost 37,000 more. Dolph Ziggler vs. Kane gained 186,000 viewers. The final segment with The Rock and CM Punk gained 578,000 viewers for a 3.48 overrun rating.
WWE Considering Big Change for CM Punk, Hot New Kelly Kelly Lingerie Pics, More
Source: Wrestling Observer Newsletter


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George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, Colin Powell, and Bill Clinton were on the yellow brick road, going to see the Wizard of Oz. When they got there, the Wizard of Oz said they could each have one wish. ''I want to have brains,'' said George W. POOF! He got some brains.
''I want to have a heart,'' said Dick Cheney. POOF! He had a heart (albeit a problematic one.)
''I want to have courage,'' said Colin Powell. POOF! He had courage.
Finally it was former President, Bill Clinton's turn. ''Well, what do you want?'' asked the Wizard.
Clinton thought a moment and asked, ''Ummm... Is Dorothy around?''


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Top 10 STD Testing Centers Across the United States
Every year millions of Americans are infected by an STD. The CDC has advised people, especially those in the most sexually active demographics, to get tested at least once a year. Whether it is for an annual check, or if there has been potential exposure, the following are the top 10 STD Testing Centers. Each one offers the baseline of quality testing care, which includes testing times at or below 30 minutes and results within 24 to 72 hours. Though, depending on the test or number of tests, individual wait times may vary.
Accurate Denver STD Testing Centers: 1-888-857-8122
Aside from delivering the core standards in discrete and expedient STD screening and treatment, the Accurate Denver STD testing center is renowned for its dedication to patient's comfort. They offer friendly service and advice for patients to follow long after their appointment and test findings.
The Colorado State capitol dome in real Colorado gold gilding stands on the left in this skyline shot of downtown with the distant Pike's Peak mountain looming in the background in Denver on April 30, 2011. UPI/Gary C. Caskey
Priority STD Testing in Boston: 1-888-211-2365
Committed to serving the entire 02108 zip code, the Priority STD Testing Boston goes above and beyond to help their patients and clients. As part of a 4,000 strong community of nationwide testing centers, they are just one of the many prominent examples set by the company in the field of STD diagnostics and management.
STD Testing of Miami: 1-954-315-4145
Small mistakes should not ruin your life and those of the ones you love. Not getting tested when you have potentially been exposed is one mistake that can lead to life changing consequences for not just yourself. The staff at the STD testing centers in Miami uphold the belief in making patients feel comfortable in their journey to better health. With non invasive testing techniques, same day appointments and after result counseling, they are dedicated to seeing no one go untested or treated.
Houston STD Testing: 1-832-209-2753
Offering a wide selection of panels at greater than average discounts, the Houston STD testing center has the best track record for accuracy and customer service in the area. With ultra discrete testing procedures that do not require disrobing, it is little surprise they are so highly rated among local and statewide facilities.
Priority STD Testing in Washington DC: 1-888-211-2365
With their location in near the capital, it is no wonder that they strive to be leaders among the field of STD testing facilities. Another highly praised facility in the nationwide chain of Priority STD testing Washington DC, branch serves the entire 20001 zip code.
Chicago STD Testing: 1-773-948-4537
Based in the windy city and serving the entire area, the Chicago STD Testing centers offer the most reliable and discrete testing possible. Open 6 days awake and always welcoming new clients, they have made great efforts to encourage sexually active adults and teens to get tested. The rates of STD increases with the population density, making their quality services near invaluable.
California Medical Labs STD Testing: 1-888-334-4972
With one of the highest accuracy rates for testing facilities in the state of California, the California STD testing center prides themselves on the excellent track record. Staffed by friendly and ever helpful staff, they are willing to talk with and help their clients every step of the way.
Accurate Fort Worth STD Testing Centers: 1-888-857-8122
Operating on the "no appointment needed" policy, Accurate Fort Worth STD Testing Centers focuses on speed and accuracy. The Want clients to feel that in no way a burden or shore to get tested and treated. Their supportive and caring staff are dedicated to helping clients not just feel welcome, but to get the testing and treatment they need.
STD Testing Los Angeles: 1-626-384-5199
Covering the entire Los Angeles area, clients can locate the nearest center to them by contacting the central office number provided. Specializing in friendly and discrete care, the staff of the STD testing centers of Los Angeles go above and beyond to help clients fit testing into their life. With efficient testing methods that do not require the patient to strop or suffer an uncomfortable swab, they can guarantee almost 100% accuracy for their convenient tests.
Portland Priority STD Centers: 1-888-211-2365
Positioned to cover all the key points between Washington and Oregon state, STD testing portland is set to deliver the most efficient and convenient STD testing service possible. Working hard against the stigma behind testing, and the belief it is an inconvenience, Priority encourages potential clients to give them a call and talk with a counselor today. The tests are quick and the appointments are short, making them and ideal choice for all manner of clientele.


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Brands armed with new products have always rushed to be first to market, as first movers often establish a stronghold that can be difficult for later entrants to break into. But being "first mover" at the expense of being "best mover" can often lead brands to competitive disadvantage.
For example, if you asked Americans today to name the first Greek yogurt brand that comes to mind, most would say Chobani—despite the fact that Fage beat Chobani to U.S. shelves by nearly a decade. Whereas Fage had established itself as a Greek yogurt for niche, health-conscious consumers, Chobani targeted the masses. Instead of focusing on plain yogurt or family-sized containers, Chobani offered single-serve yogurts in mainstream flavors—a familiar offering in a familiar package, but with the added protein and thicker texture of Greek yogurt.
Another example is Tagamet, an over-the-counter anti-acid medication that enjoyed considerable success before Zantac was launched. However, Zantac caused fewer side effects and could be taken less frequently—and, given these advantages, it eventually eclipsed its predecessor.
While speed to market certainly has its benefits, it clearly isn't everything. As futurist Joel Barker quipped, "Speed is useful only if you are running in the right direction."
CPG brands must strike a balance between being "first mover" and "best mover." They must move fast, but not so fast that they fail to refine their innovation adequately prior to launch. Brands need predictive and actionable consumer analytics at various stages of product development. In other words, brands need to know if their product is good enough to meet the standards required for in-market success (trial, repeat, etc.) and, if it isn't good enough, what levers they can and should pull to make it more likely to succeed in market. But they need it more quickly than they used to. We at Nielsen have introduced an accelerated version of our established concept-testing business to provide just that.
First, how do you know if your product is good enough? Since there are many contributors to product success, you need a measurement standard that is both predictive and precise. Nielsen's "Factors for Success," a long-established offering, scores innovations on 12 key dimensions such as consumer need/desire, distinctiveness of the proposition, advantage over existing products, etc., all of which are necessary to succeed in market, and all of which can be improved in one way or another(1). With this information, brands know exactly what and how to maximize their innovation's potential prior to launch. Innovations that meet Factors for Success criteria have a 75% chance of succeeding in market. By comparison, most innovation testing models only require that an innovation score highly on consumer purchase intent to be deemed launch-ready—but this criterion yields only a 46% chance of success.
Arming marketers with precise refinement insights pays off. For example, a large food manufacturer had been struggling with low innovation success and growth rates. By embedding predictive analytics across key stages of their innovation process (including concept and product testing), they were able to establish consistent standards for success so as to screen out bad ideas early. But, just as importantly, they armed marketers with better and clearer direction for improvement for ideas that showed high potential. As a result, the manufacturer moved from being ranked No. 13 in revenue from innovation across the industry to No. 2.
Of course being good enough isn't good if you get beaten to market. More than ever, brands need to get to good, fast. Today, there are more competitors in the market, and there is also great pressure to be more "agile," releasing products sooner and refining them through "versioning," rather like companies in Silicon Valley. How do you get quality and speed together?
Actually, it's been a challenge. Many fast innovation testing models have popped up in recent years to help researchers—with 40% of market researchers reporting that they've used them. But the data produced is often unreliable or fails to provide the depth of insight marketers need to make informed decisions. In fact, 69% of researchers who had used fast concept testing solutions were unsatisfied with the quality and predictive reliability of the data they received. And most respondents agreed that a significant level of reliability is essential; 75% said that the predictive accuracy of the data they receive is the top reason to choose a concept testing vendor(2).
To address the speed challenge without sacrificing quality analytics. Nielsen recently applied a number of speedier approaches to our concept testing solutions, improving three time-consuming aspects of concept testing, and reducing the overall time required by two-thirds, to a matter of days:
At Nielsen, we've made a commitment to help brands launch innovations faster without compromising the data quality that they rely on to make informed decisions—and we've been able to accomplish this by applying technology to the three pain points mentioned above. Now marketers no longer need to choose between being "first mover" or "best mover"—they can be both at once.


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Songsmith (http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/redmond/projects/songsmith/), a supposed creative tool for music novices and professional musicians alike, is the latest arrival onto the computer music scene. However, unlike samples, loops, and other instrument tools, Songsmith auto-generates a musical track to your singing. Sounds pretty cool, huh?
Now, anyone who can hold together a tune, or has a musical idea in their head, can quickly find the chords to their musical thought — all without a lick of musical theory knowledge or performance experience.
My first inclination was to gag. But maybe it's just the videos that Microsoft put on their site to show off the product. After all, this is the holy grail of song-writing — it's as close to writing what you hear as you can get without having to spend 10,000 hours of cultivating musical expertise. I can see a product like this leading to musical innovation in a time when creativity has seemed to stagnate.
I can also see our creativity stagnating further as a result of complete stupification… Just rely on the computer to do the creative work for you. Soon we'll have thousands of "new" songs where the emotion and creativity has been thrown out the window and replaced with computer generated algorithms. So much for personality and originality.
So how do you feel about it? An incredible music composition tool in the beginning stages? Or the complete and utter demise of the craft and creativity involved in creating new music?


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Virtual Office spaces in Lucknow come with a collaborative, self-directed, flexible and voluntary work style that is based on the sharing of common core values between its participants and mutual trust. Virtual Office Space in Lucknow are available from ₹ 10000 to ₹ 6500. You will get amenities like and much more in the Virtual Office spaces in Lucknow. Virtual Office spaces in Lucknow are managed by Qworky which is a popular brand in Lucknow which provides office spaces for rent and provides Virtual Office spaces around Lucknow.
Here is the process of getting a virtual office in Lucknow:
1. The documents which need to be provided to the company for Virtual Office registration in Lucknow with GST Registration Plan (No Business Registration under this plan)
1) Notarised and Stamped NOC (No Objection Certificate from the Owner of the property): Standard Format Attached
2) Virtual Office Service Agreement: Standard Format Attached
3) Recent Utility Bill of last 3 months : (Scanned copy of any out of Electricity Bill, Water Bill, or Telephone Bill would suffice)
Also, sharing with you the services offered and package details under Virtual Office in Lucknow with GST Registration Plan
Below are the details for Virtual Office in Lucknow with Registered Office Plan:
Register your company's GST Number using the prestigious office address
Use Prestigious Business Address for Web, Print & Mails
Mail forwarding at your address (at additional cost)
Client greeting at reception
Payment Terms
Minimum Lock-in Term: 12 Months
Payment Options: 12 Months Upfront or 6 Month Upfront with 6 Month PDC (Post dated Cheque) (this customer has opted for 6 monthly payment option)
Price: INR 24000+18% GST
Documents provided in case of Virtual Office in Lucknow for Business Registration
1) Notarised and Stamped NOC (No Objection Certificate from the Landlord)
2) Virtual Office Service Agreement
3) Utility Bill of recent month
There are 43 virtual office spaces in Lucknow. A total of 3 ratings have been provided for virtual office space in Lucknow with an average of 5.
Booking your virtual office space in Lucknow with Qworky is now super convenient and easy and is just a phone call away. Call on +91-8853903826 or +91-9918872999 to book a visit or for getting instant assistance for your office space.
Qworky also provides shared office spaces, dedicated offices spaces, virtual office spaces and coworking spaces in areas like Hazratganj, IIM, Jankipuram- Sitapur, Kaiserbagh, Krishnanagar, Mahanagar, Kapoorthala, Mohanlalganj, Rajajipuram, Nishantganj, Sahara Hospital, Amity University, SGPGI, Telibagh, Vikas Nagar, Kursi Road, Lda Colony, Pgi, Aminabad, KGMC, Naka Hindola, Nirala Nagar, Phoenix Mall, Polytechnic Chauraha, Rana Pratap Marg, Vibhuti Khand, Transport Nagar, Krishna Nagar, Alambagh, Mahanagar, Avadh Hospital, Sahara Ganj Mall, Wave Mall, CDRI, Indira Gandhi Pratishthan, Alambagh Bus Stand, Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport, Charbagh Railway Station, Gomti Nagar, Indira Nagar, Aliganj, Lalbagh, Sitapur Road, Faizabad Road, Kanpur Road, Nishatganj, Chinhat, Charbagh Railway Station, Charbagh, Hazratgagnj, Raebareli Road, Sikander Bagh, Aashiana, Adarsh Nagar, Ahmamau, Aishbagh, Alambagh, Alamnagar, Aliganj, Amar Shaheed Path, Amausi, Amber Ganj, Anand Nagar, AP Sen Marg, Arjunganj, Arya Nagar, Ashiyana Colony, Ashok Marg, Balaganj, Banthra, Barha, Behta Saboli, Bhadrukh, Bharat Nagar, Bijnaur, Chand Ganj, Charbagh, Chaupatiyan, Chinhat, Civil Lines, Dalibagh Colony, Daliganj, Darulshafa, Deva Road, Dilkusha Garden, DLF Garden City, Faizabad Road, Ganesh Ganj, Gari Chunauti, Ghaila, Ghazipur, Goila, Gokhale Marg, Gomti Nagar, Gudamba Thaana Road, Guramba, HAL, Hazratganj, Husainabad, Hussainganj, IIM Road, Indira Nagar, Jal Vayu Vihar, Jankipuram, Jopling Road, Jugor, Kalyanpur, Kamalabad Barhauli, Kanpur Road, Kuroni, Kursi Road, Lalbagh, Lucknow Cantonment, Madion, Mahanagar, Mahipatmau, Malesemau, Manak Nagar, Manas Nagar, Maunda, Miranpur Pinvat, Mohan Meking Road, Narayan Nagar, Natkur, Naubasta, Naveen Galla Mandi, Navi Kot Nandana, New Ganeshganj, New Hyderabad, Nijampur Malhor, Nilmatha, Nirala Nagar, Nirala Nagar, Nishatganj, Paikaramau, Pan Dariba Marg, Park Road, Pawanpuri, Piparsand, Prag Narain Road, Rae Bareli Road, Rahim Nagar, Rajajipuram, Rajendra Nagar, Ram Mohan Rai Marg, Rasoolpur Sadat, Ruchi Khand-II, Saadatganj, Sadrauna, Sapru Marg, Sarai Mali Khan, Sarojini Nagar, Sarosa Bharosa, Sarvodaya Nagar, Sector-14, Sector-18, Sector-B, Sector-D, Shahnajaf Road, Sharda Nagar, Shyam Vihar Colony, Sikrauri, Singar Nagar, Subhash Marg, Sujanpura, Sunder Bagh, Sushant Golf City, Telibagh, Thakurganj, The Mall Avenue, Tilak Marg, Triveni Nagar, Uattardhona, Utrathia, vasant kunj, Vibhuti Khand, Vikas Nagar, Vineet Khand, VIP Road, Vishesh Khand, Vivekanand puri, Vrindavan Yojana, Wazirganj, Yahiaganj and has planned to come to other cities as well. Virtual Office Spaces in Lucknow are popular amongst startups and businesses across Lucknow.


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Best Spring 2012 Colors to Wear
5 Pretty Spring '12 Hues to Add to Your Wardrobe
5 Pretty Spring '12 Hues to Add to Your Wardrobe
When canvassing the Spring '12 runways, it can be tough to pinpoint the most complementary and standout hues, especially when you also take into account that most of us are not flaunting supermodel body types. We're not going to let that stop us from wearing the prettiest, brightest, and most flattering shades for our shapes. We've culled the most universally versatile and real-life wearable colors for you to try on for size. First up: pops of purple. The cool undertones of violets, lavenders, and mauves bring out the warmth of your skin tone and eye color, while the ultra feminine shade instantly injects a girlie vibe and slimming illusion. Click through to see more of Spring's color palettes and find out how they'll work their way into your wardrobe.


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Today is World IPv6 Day – Are You In?
Across the globe, organizations have come together today at the World IPv6 Launch to mark a milestone in unique fashion: Turning on and permanently enabling IPv6 networks for their products and services.
According to the recent CiscoVisual Networking Index (VNI), there will be nearly two-and-a-half networked devices for every person on the planet – roughly 19 billion connected devices by 2016. It's not only people that are being connected, but also machines. Two billion M2M (machine to machine) connections are expected by 2015. Not surprisingly, global IP traffic has increased eightfold over the past five years and will increase threefold over the next five. To support the proliferation of devices that are transforming businesses and lifestyles, enterprises and service providers are adopting IPv6-enabled networks.
Anyone who has taken the road to IPv6 knows it's not about flipping a switch. Many things need to be in order beforehand, and it takes expertise and planning to understand the manifold contingencies and then ensure a smooth migration to IPv6 – while also preserving existing IPv4 investments.
A comprehensive, phased migration to IPv6 should cover:
- Gathering your technical and business requirements for implementation – from infrastructure and servers, to applications, storage, and more
- Determining if your network assets are IPv6-ready
- Identifying potential challenges during the transition
- Developing a detailed design for your IPv6 network devices
- Planning for the implementation of IPv6 in your lab, pilot network, and production networks
- Determining additional changes that might be needed to support your IPv6 strategy
Cisco teams have helped customers plan for and manage the transition to IPv6 for more than a decade, and Cisco just launched its new IPv6-Ready Internet Edge Service as part of that Services portfolio.
Let me tell you more about getting started on this journey, with a trusted adviser:
With IPv6, the Internet is turning another page in a remarkable story. Are you in?
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.


text:
Pale Moon has been updated to version 27.9.3. This is a security update.
Release Notes
Pale Moon Version 27.9.3 Released with Security Updates
Started by Corrine , Jun 12 2018 08:28 AM
No replies to this topic
Posted 12 June 2018 - 08:28 AM
Take a walk through the "Security Garden" -- Where Everything is Coming up Roses!
Remember - A day without laughter is a day wasted.
May the wind sing to you and the sun rise in your heart.
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Our social impact, by the numbers
2017 Sustainability & Social Impact Report
Our 2017 Sustainability & Social Impact Report demonstrates our continued commitments to fostering strong governance, retaining top talent, promoting sustainability and investing in our communities.
2018 CDP Submission
We report to CDP's climate change program in order to provide details about our sustainability initiatives and business practices to our shareholders, customers and the public.
Report archive
Adobe Conflict Minerals Report 2015
Adobe & Packaging Brief 2003-2013
GHG Inventory Assurance Letter 2017
Policies & Practices
Sustainability Policy
See how we foster a culture of sustainability throughout our global operations.
Taxation Policy
Read about our tax policy, which — together with our job creation efforts, business partnerships, philanthropy and more — helps strengthen the global economy and improve communities and lives.
Human Rights Policy
We operate from a foundation of integrity and ethical conduct, respecting human rights through our employees, business partners and suppliers, and customers.


text:
An all-in-one inkjet printer from Epson, with scan and copy functions, an automatic document feeder, built-in faxing, Ethernet and WiFi networking, and wireless printing with Apple AirPrint and Google Cloud Print. Works with Windows and macOS.
Thank you for sharing your thoughts on this product! Please focus on the product performance and quality. Your review will be posted on Consumer Reports for other subscribers to view. Please read our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for more information about the review process. If you'd like to report a safety problem with your product, please fill out this form.


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We have 535 used Ferrari cars available on our site. Below is a small sample closest to Newent.
To view the full 535 available Ferrari cars on our website, please use our search form for a more in depth search.
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With 400,000+ Used Cars, there's sure to be plenty of second hand Ferrari cars for sale in Newent.
Used Ferrari Car in Newent Search
Searching for a used Ferrari car in Newent can be frustrating, all that choice, all those colours and nothing within your budget or on your doorstep. The people at BuyYourCar have tried to simplify the whole process of searching for a used Ferrari car and make it an enjoyable one! Our super smart search, gives you the results quicker and simpler than our competitors, we believe searching for a new Ferrari car whether that be used or not, should be an enjoyable one, we work on the basis that the quicker it is for you to find a used Ferrari car, the easier it is on making a decision to buy one. So if your looking for a used Ferrari car in Newent, start your search with us! It might be the only search you need to make.


text: FOXERS are women's underwear with the waistband design from men's boxer shorts. Essentially they serve as a way for women to have the comfort and style of boxer shorts but still look and feel sexy. When wearing FOXERS you might be asked "Are you wearing boxer shorts?" You can proudly answer, "not boxers, FOXERS" and (if you dare) show a little more of what lies beneath.