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PAIN IN EXTREMITY and AlprazolamPatientsVille
PAIN IN EXTREMITY Symptoms and Causes
Deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, is a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. Most deep vein clots occur in the lower leg or thigh. If the vein swells, the condition is called thrombophlebitis. A deep vein thrombosis can break loose and cause a serious problem in the lung, called a pulmonary embolism.
Sitting still for a long time can make you more likely to get a DVT. Some medicines and disorders that increase your risk for blood clots can also lead to DVTs. Common symptoms are
Treatment includes medicines to ease pain and inflammation, break up clots and keep new clots from forming. Keeping the affected area raised and applying moist heat can also help. If you are taking a long car or plane trip, take a break, walk or stretch your legs and drink plenty of liquids.
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Our structured finance and securitization practice covers the full range of asset classes and methodologies and is widely praised for its innovative work. Many other major structured finance firms have concentrated on repetitive, "commoditized" large-scale securitization programs. Our firm, while proficient in all major categories of the mainstream public securitization markets (such as auto, credit card and mortgage loan receivables), has made a deliberate decision to concentrate on novel, complex or esoteric transactions requiring the tailored application of our specialized legal, tax, and regulatory knowledge to address the financing needs of our clients.
We are distinguished from most other well-known securitization practices by the breadth of our experience with non-standard asset types and transactions, including covered bonds, asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) transactions of various kinds, variable funding notes, insurance and reinsurance finance and securitization, collateralized loan obligations (CLOs), structured debt funds, sale and leaseback securitization transactions, real estate investment trusts (REITs), and other pooled investment vehicles, various types of synthetic and derivatives-based financing transactions, and "whole-business" and other types of esoteric securitization. We are particularly well known for our expertise in securitization and financing techniques in the technology, health care/ life sciences, and industrial and transportation sectors – including technology receivables transactions, computer software license securitization, and other intellectual property (IP) securitization, aircraft finance transactions, vendor finance transactions, vendor lease financing, container lease securitization, timber securitizations and health care and life sciences receivables securitization.
We regularly represent leading financial institutions and fund managers, with a particular strength in advising trans-Atlantic and international investment banks and funds on cross-border or local U.S., European or Asian market transactions. In addition to securitization, our practice covers all aspects of businesses that originate, finance and invest in financial assets, including regulatory compliance, warehouse finance, repurchase agreements, servicing agreements, servicing sales, pipeline and portfolio hedging, and portfolio sales. We also have developed specialized, widely recognized expertise in synthetic asset securitization transactions, synthetic hedge fund transactions, principal protection products, CPPI products, repackaging programs, and credit-linked note programs. We have extensive experience in the use of derivatives in connection with these transactions, including credit default swaps, total return swaps, interest rate swaps, currency swaps, and options.
Knowledgeable market observers consistently recognize our structured finance and securitization practice for its expertise and creativity.
Our structured finance and securitization group was named the Securitisation and Structured Finance Team of the Year in the IFLR Americas Awards 2015. Our structured finance and securitization practice and our lawyers are also recognized in the Chambers and Legal 500 US and UK guides, IFLR1000 and US News & World Report.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Vermont State Police are investigating the stabbing of a Massachusetts man at a New Year's Day party.
Police say they were called to a large party in Sherburne near the Killington ski resort at about 6:30 a.m. Tuesday, where they found a man lying in a snow bank covered in blood.
Officers determined that the man had not been stabbed and that the blood was not his, but later learned that another man identified as 31-year-old Dennis Walsh of Woburn, Mass., had been taken by friends to Rutland Regional Medical Center with numerous stab wounds. Walsh was treated and released.
Police say they have interviewed numerous people who were at the party, but say they have been uncooperative and have claimed they didn't witness any fight.


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2019 Travel Trends: Big Data, AI, And Personal Experiences
Millennials and their use of social media spur the rise in transparent user-generated platforms.
As services such as Uber and Lyft emerge, vehicle manufacturers need to shift their strategies to cater to the millennial demographic, whose travel habits have been altered. However, all consumers are now traveling differently as well, with one in seven claiming mobility services have an affect on their vehicle purchasing, according to Foresight Research.
Related Topics: buying vehicles, LCTFast40, Lyft, Millennials, on-demand service, TNCs, Uber, vehicle sales
Millennials and their use of social media spur the rise in transparent user-generated platforms.
DEC. LCT Publisher's Page: The mission of this year was about focus, retooling, and turning a profit.
The TNC published a white paper that concludes most of its drivers are happy and earn more than minimum wage.
The results of an Egencia survey provide valued insights into the minds of chauffeured clients.
SEPT. LCT: Catering to mobile-minded travelers while using tech to enhance their experiences will propel your operations, expert Lenore D'Anzieri says.
SEPT. LCT Editor's Edge: If you stay out of the media black hole, you'll notice real life abounds with positive signs.
Spending is estimated to advance another 7.1% in 2018 and will expand to $1.7 trillion total by 2022.
The event provides a wide platform for the industry to promote its safety, comfort, and convenience advantages.
AUG. LCT: Here's a checklist of changes to consider as you adapt your service to new client behaviors and expectations.
Here's some advice you won't have to read in the form of a large, clunky report.
As business travelers gain more control, their personal preferences are emerging in the way they spend for work trips.
While companies are interacting constantly with artificial intelligence every day, the technology now transcends the office space.
Simple meetings generate sizable business travel costs – yet clients do not follow solid duty-of-care guidelines.
Lenore D'anzieri of Dav El | BostonCoach discusses up and coming travel trends all luxury transportation companies should be aware of in 2018 and beyond.
A study found women and less experienced drivers were more likely to use cellphones and drive at the same time.
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Ever since her debut to the porn scene in 1997, Raquel DeVine (aka Raquel Divine, Racquel Devine, Raquel Devine) has been turning heads and winning hearts. With her luscious body and captivating smile, she was an instant success and has since remained one of the most sought-after beauties in the industry. In recognition for her achievements, AVN put her in its Hall of Fame in 2010.
Before trying her luck as a porn star, Raquel worked as an exotic dancer in Southern California's night spots, where she was no doubt very popular with both the regular partygoers and visiting customers. Her dazzling good lucks and charm leave an impression on anyone lucky enough to feel her touch. You can find Raquel in Vivid Entertainment's Paul Thomas-directed classic Country Comfort, Jules Jordan Video's MILF Revolution, and Lethal Hardcore's Cougars Crave Young Kittens 11, just to name a few. You most certainly do not want to miss out on catching this vivacious beauty on screen.


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Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) Secretary Robert Barham announced the following closure to recreational and commercial fishing in portions of Plaquemines, St. Bernard, Orleans and St. Tammany parishes effective immediately today, July 5, 2010.
These precautionary fishing closures are due to new reports of oil, strong easterly winds and higher than normal tides.
St. Bernard, Orleans and St. Tammany Parish Closures
The portion of saltwater water areas of the state east of the Mississippi River north of the southern shoreline of the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet and the southern shoreline of Lake Pontchartrain from the double rig line westward to 89 degrees 51 minutes 35 seconds west longitude and the US Hwy 11 bridge in Lake Pontchartrain. In addition to those waters currently closed to recreational and commercial fishing, major water bodies included in this fishing closure include the Biloxi Marsh, Lake Borgne, Lake St. Catherine, Chef Menteur, Unknown and Rigoletes Passes and a portion of Lake Pontchartrain.
St. Bernard and Plaquemines Parish Closures
The portion of state inside waters east of the Mississippi River north of 29 degrees 30 minutes 00 seconds north latitude and south of the southern shoreline of the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet from the double rig line westward to 89 degrees 41 minutes 00 seconds west longitude. In addition to those waters currently closed to recreational and commercial fishing, major water bodies included in this fishing closure include Lakes Machias and Fortuna, Bay Gardene and Bay Crabe and Black and California Bays.
Precautionary closures of recreational and commercial fishing have been implemented based on the best information the Secretary of the department receives from field biologists, staff and trajectory models from NOAA.
Once reports of oil are received, LDWF initiates a field survey and immediate seafood testing in the suspected areas. Closures are subsequently made with the intent to be as safe as possible, while not closing any fishing areas unnecessarily. As test results come back clearing the area, effected waters are then reopened.
LDWF continues to work closely with DHH in an effort to assess all opportunities to resume normal fishing activities on Louisiana's coast and guarantee the safety of Louisiana's seafood.
For more information related to the oil spill, visit www.emergency.louisiana.gov. Connect with us on www.facebook.com/GOHSEP and on Twitter as @GOHSEP. View photos from the state's response efforts at www.flickr.com/photos/lagohsep.
For more information contact Marianne Burke at firstname.lastname@example.com or 225-315-6878.


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Singer Solange Knowles returned to the spotlight in New York City on Monday night for the first time since her headline-grabbing fight with Jay-Z last month.
Beyonce's younger sister became headline news following the leak of security camera footage that showed her lashing out at the rapper as they left a party at The Standard Hotel after the Met Gala in the Big Apple.
The pair has since apologized to each other over the incident and tried to keep a low profile, but Knowles braved the press and photographers at the Council of Fashion Designers of America Awards on Monday.
Wearing a revealing silver dress, the 27-year-old briefly posed for photographers, but did not stop to talk to reporters covering the event.


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Masterson's easygoing nature belies toughness
SAN DIEGO -- There are often preconceived notions about a pastor's kid. Indians starter Justin Masterson knows them well. One he dealt with during his youth was the belief that he was too easygoing off the field -- and too religious -- to display toughness out on a pitching mound.
During a game Masterson still recalls vividly from his high school days, he let one of his coaches know that was not the case.
SAN DIEGO -- There are often preconceived notions about a pastor's kid. Indians starter Justin Masterson knows them well. One he dealt with during his youth was the belief that he was too easygoing off the field -- and too religious -- to display toughness out on a pitching mound.
During a game Masterson still recalls vividly from his high school days, he let one of his coaches know that was not the case.
"Not that it really proved the point, but the fact of the matter is it doesn't make me weak, it makes me stronger."
Masterson does not need to prove his strength these days.
Come Monday, he will be on the hill in Oakland, taking on the A's in his third consecutive Opening Day start for Cleveland. Last summer, the big sinkerballer earned a spot on the American League All-Star team for the first time and continued to assert himself as a leader on the field and in the clubhouse during the Tribe's run to the playoffs.
This might very well be Masterson's final season with the Indians, considering extension talks broke down during Spring Training, and the Indians do not plan on revisiting things until the offseason. It is a situation that could have weighed Masterson down during the spring, but he pushed the distractions aside and turned in a stellar preseason slate.
That is Masterson's mental toughness on display.
"Masty has got his act together," Indians manager Terry Francona said. "I've never seen somebody that seems to have his priorities in order as much as Masty."
Francona is quick to cite Masterson's solid upbringing, and the pitcher would not disagree.
The son of a minister and teacher, Masterson still marvels at the way his parents, Mark and Judy, have selflessly lived their lives. The pitcher saw his dad walk away from a church he had led, because he felt it was the only way it might have a chance to grow. Masterson said his mom would offer her last dollar to someone if she thought it would help.
Meanwhile, Masterson is line to earn millions either through free agency or from the Indians.
"I'm more blessed than anything I could imagine," Masterson said. "I'm here playing a game and just blessed beyond belief. Not that we're to compare each other, but my father is so much more faithful and amazing than I could ever imagine to be. I strive to be like him and yet, here I am, being given the means to do so many incredible things."
Masterson never felt forced into Christianity. Yes, church was required on Sunday mornings and Wednesday nights -- unless Masterson's basketball games got in the way -- but Rev. Masterson made sure he was simply dad when he came home from work. Masterson would often see his father doing devotions early in the morning.
"And I'd go watch cartoons," the pitcher said with a laugh.
As he got older, Masterson explored various beliefs, but always came back to what he was raised on. While at Bethel College, a small Christian school in Indiana, he went on his first missions trip to the Dominican Republic. That stirred Masterson's passion for helping others -- something he has continued to do as he has ascended the Major League ladder.
Masterson and his wife, Meryl, have made numerous trips back to the D.R. with missions groups. This past offseason, the pitcher traveled overseas to the Mathare Valley slum in Nairobi, Kenya, to help provide food and assistance to children in need. In Cleveland, Masterson is active in a variety of charities and events throughout the season.
During the 2011 and '13 seasons, Masterson was honored as the Indians' recipient of the Roberto Clemente Award for his off-field endeavors.
Francona, who has known Masterson since the right-hander's rookie season with the Red Sox, smiled when asked how he has seen the pitcher mature over the years.
"I actually think Masty was ahead of the game off the field to begin with," Francona said. "When I met him as a young kid, he was already so sharp and so well-grounded. I'm sure, like everybody, you grow and you mature. But, my goodness, this kid started from a pretty good base. It's why he's Masty.
"He's been such a good kid from the moment we met him. When you're a coach or a manager, you can't take credit for Masty."
On the field, Cleveland is pinning much of its hopes this season on Masterson's right arm.
Last season, Masteron led the team with 14 wins, 195 strikeouts and 193 innings, while serving as a mentor to the younger pitchers on the team. In September, the right-hander was taken out of the mix for three weeks due to an oblique injury, but he willingly came back as a reliever and was on the mound when the Tribe clinched its spot in the postseason as the AL's top Wild Card team.
"He embodies everything we want our players to be," Indians general manager Chris Antonetti said. "He's a great teammate, a great person and an exceptional performer."
At times, Masterson still feels like he is fighting against perception, though.
In the aftermath of bad outings or tough losses, Masterson will often force a smile or crack a joke, doing what he can to lighten the mood and keep the focus on the big picture. He has faced criticism for that loose attitude, but he firmly believes it is the only way to handle things.
Masterson says that is when his faith is most important.
"You have people either say that to you or try to push that upon you," Masterson said. "They'll say, 'You didn't show enough emotion,' or, 'You're joking around a little bit.' For me, to help cope with it, as any person, I need to not just dwell on it. That's when it helps having faith and family and kids and all that. It brings it together.
"But, yeah, [in those moments] I'm really frustrated. I'm really, really mad, because I know how blessed I am. No one needs to tell me. Anyone out there can say whatever they want, and it's not any worse than what I've told myself. That's why you have to take a step back and say, 'It's OK, Justin. It's OK. You've got to go out there and do it again.'
"It's realizing what we're called here for, so that you can do the task to help impact some more lives."
Masterson believes he can do that by first impacting the Tribe's season.
Jordan Bastian is a reporter for MLB.com. Read his blog, Major League Bastian, and follow him on Twitter @MLBastian.


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Keep your stitches going and your creativity flowing: quilt the motifs and texture you adore without ever breaking thread.
Learn to quilt continuous line designs such as fillers, all-overs, borders and stand alone motifs without spending your time tying off and burying tedious threads! Follow continuous line patterns along with award-winning quilter Ann Petersen as you quilt a sampler with stipples, hearts, leaves, stars, snowflakes and more! With Ann's guidance, you'll feel comfortable turning non-continuous line designs into continuous ones in no time.
If you're not delighted with your Bluprint experience, we'll make it right or give you a full refund.


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Three members GP
The sum of three numbers in GP (geometric progression) is 21 and the sum of their squares is 189. Find the numbers.
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Find out what a sonic boom is, and how you can create it in the privacy of your own household.
The one-line explanation for a sonic boom is this: A sonic boom is the shock wave that is produced when an object breaks the sound barrier.
This makes it sound like the sound barrier itself is crying out in alarm that it has been broken, and although that's certainly what I would do if I were the sound barrier under those circumstances, the phrase can be misleading.
Sound is a series of compression waves. When an object makes a sound, it vibrates a little, compressing the air around it. Those compressions moves outwards in all directions, and when they hit an ear, they are interpreted as sound.
If the object making a sound is standing still, the compressions move out with an even space between each one. If the object is moving, it adds – or subtracts - its own speed to the speed of the compression waves.
Since sound, in air, can only move at around 700 miles per hour, but objects can be pushed faster than that, the compression waves get pushed closer and closer together. When an object breaks the sound barrier it creates compressions faster than the compressions themselves can move away from it. The compression waves basically just pile up on top of each other, and then move outwards in all directions from the object. When they hit your ear, you hear a sonic boom, a ten-car-pile-up of sound.
The first example that springs to anyone's mind when they think about sonic booms is fighter jets. When a jet breaks the sound barrier, a sonic boom trails behind it. But there are some ways to break the sound barrier at home, with just a little training. The 'crack' of a bullwhip is also a sonic boom.
When someone uses a whip, they bring their arm up and then down quickly. This creates a wave, and that wave travels down the length of the whip. Although Catwoman wields them easily, bullwhips are heavy objects. It takes a lot of force to make the solid handle and heavy base of the lash move fast. The end of the whip is tapered and small. Since only a little energy is lost as the wave travels down the whip, a massive amount of momentum is channeled into a very small amount of leather. The makes the whip move faster and faster the more slender the whip becomes – sort of the way a river moves faster when the bed around it narrows. The result of this concentration is the tip of whip moves incredibly fast – fast enough to break the sound barrier.
But perhaps some of you do not have a bullwhip lying around. Or perhaps you don't want to wear it out before you can go to the next Con dressed as Indiana Jones. Don't despair. Some students at the South Carolina School of Science and Mathematics wanted to know if snapped towels could also exceed the sound barrier, perhaps angling to see if they could get some of their fellow classmates put on trial in the Hague.
After a lot of practice and a lot of used film, they found that towels could be snapped at around the speed of sound. They only confirmed breaking the sound barrier with a cotton bed sheet. However, if you're looking for a way to get your family, spouse, roommates, or soon-to-be-one-night-stands up in the morning, try creating a sonic boom with bed linens.
[Via Physlink, The Straight Dope, and HiViz]


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Service to Include Credits for Songwriters, Background Performers, Producers and Engineers
LOS ANGELES (May 7, 2013) — As the music business gathered at the annual NARM and Digitalmusic.org's Music Biz 2013 Conference today, The Recording Academy® — a membership organization internationally known for the GRAMMY Awards® and for advancing creators' rights — and Rhapsody International, the original on-demand music service, announced today that Rhapsody will be the first digital music service to support The Academy's "Give Fans The Credit" initiative.
"Give Fans The Credit" advocates for the inclusion of credits for songwriters, nonfeatured performers such as session musicians and backing vocalists, producers and engineers in digital music, as they are listed in liner notes that come with physical media. Currently, the only credits consumers are able to see in most digital services are the song title, album, and featured artist.
"Rhapsody listeners are avid music fans who value the craft of musicianship and recording, and they want to know who was involved in bringing a song to life," said Jon Irwin, president, Rhapsody. "We have a responsibility to our listeners to back this initiative, and further, view the inclusion of more complete credits as a truly useful feature that will only deepen our listeners' connection to their favorite artists and songs."
"Since we launched the 'Give Fans The Credit' campaign, we've seen an outpouring of support from music makers and music lovers alike," said Neil Portnow, President/CEO of The Recording Academy. "Fans want more information about the tracks they like, and we applaud Rhapsody for taking a leadership role on this initiative. Putting credits in the hands of fans is the next step forward in guiding fans to music discovery, as they find new songs and artists based on songwriters, producers or band personnel. It is our hope that other digital music services will follow Rhapsody's lead."
As the original subscription music service, Rhapsody has led the industry in its focus on music curation, with more than 10 years of original editorial content, features and playlists designed to guide listeners through its massive catalog. The added information about key players behind the songs will provide an additional lens on music discovery for Rhapsody listeners.
While the full implementation of the credits will occur over the following months, Rhapsody has already begun to curate music collections based on producers, songwriters and sidemen within the Rhapsody service including GRAMMY® winners Dave Grohl, Pharrell Williams and Timbaland.
"We are eager to integrate this feature into our products," said Irwin. "At Rhapsody we are always striving to connect fans and artists, and 'Give Fans The Credit' is one more way we can create a great music experience that helps us deliver on that promise."
About Rhapsody
The Rhapsody® digital music service (www.rhapsody.com) gives subscribers unlimited on-demand access to more than 16 million songs, whether they're listening on a PC, laptop, Internet connected home stereo or TV, MP3 player or mobile phone. Rhapsody allows subscribers to access their music through mobile phones from Verizon Wireless, AT&T and MetroPCS, through Rhapsody applications on the Apple iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad, RIM BlackBerry, Windows Phone 7 and Android mobile platforms as well as through devices from Vizio, SanDisk, HP, Sonos and Philips. Rhapsody is headquartered in Seattle, with offices in Frankfurt, London, Luxemburg, New York and San Francisco. Rhapsody, and the Rhapsody logo are registered trademarks of Rhapsody International Inc. Follow @Rhapsody on Twitter and keep up with the latest on the Rhapsody Facebook page.
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text:
The economy occasionally heads south. When it does, you have to take a close look at your finances and review, regroup and perhaps recoup.
Real estate in many markets has lost its luster. Bonds are either mired in controversy or priced at levels where it's hard to imagine much of an upside. The yield on cash investments has trended lower with the Federal Reserve's steady easing of its targeted federal funds rate from 5.25 percent in 2007 to 2 percent in April 2008. As for stocks, well, stocks have been bouncing between the promise of a new tomorrow and the fear of facing tomorrow. What's an investor to do?
Despite past rate cuts and the federal stimulus checks that went out beginning in April, it appears that the U.S. economy is running scared of a recession.
Since we won't know we're in recession until the economists at the National Bureau of Economic Research, or NBER, tell us we're in a recession, it makes sense to think through how we're invested and changes we can make to improve our portfolios or finances now.
Worried About Your Money? Check Out Advice From Bankrate.com:
- Aggressively or Conservatively: How Should You Invest?
- Have an AIG Insurance Policy? Don't Panic
- How Wall Street's Troubles Can Affect You
To that end, Bankrate has asked a group of investment professionals and investment journalists to weigh in on how an investor should prepare for or invest in hard times.
1. Pay down loan balances and earn a guaranteed return
Not all financial moves you make when you expect hard times relate to your portfolio. Taking some steps to manage your spending can help you position yourself to survive a financial setback such as getting laid off from your job.
William Suplee IV, CFA, CFP, president of Structured Asset Management in Paoli, Pa., suggests that, "In difficult economic times, often simple things can make large improvements to your personal financial situation.


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County Seat: Bay City
Major Cities: Palacios (in corporated), Van Vleck, Blessing, Markham, Matagorda, Wadsworth, Pledger, Sargent, Midfield
County Population: In 2010, it was 36,702.
County's biggest employer: South Texas Project Nuclear Operating Company, with 1,200 employees
Square Miles: 1,100.3
Main Highways: State High ways 35 and 60
Chamber of Commerce
Bay City Chamber of Commerce & Agriculture
Where: 201 7th St., Bay City
Hours: 8:30 a.m.-5 p.m. weekdays
Information: 979-245-8333, fax 979-245-1622,
Palacios Chamber of Commerce
Where: 420 Main St., Palacios
Hours: 8 a.m.-5 p.m. weekdays
Information: 361-972-2615
Matagorda Area Chamber of Commerce
Where: P.O. Box 103, Matagorda
Hours: 8 a.m.-5 p.m. weekdays
Phone: 979-557-6526
Sargent Area Chamber of Commerce
Where: P.O. Box 4052, Sargent
Phone: 979-429-3002
Matagorda County Museum Quilt Show
Where: Matagorda County Museum
When: Through February
Theme: Quilts
Cost: Free with admission to the museum
Information: matagordacountymuseum.com
Matagorda County Livestock Show and Rodeo
Where: Matagorda County Fairgrounds, 4511 Farm-to-Market Road 2668
When: February through March
Theme: Fair and rodeo
Cost: Varies
Information: Matagordacountyfair.com
Bay City Lions Club Rice Festival
Where: Matagorda County Fairgrounds
4511 Farm-to-Market Road 2668
When: Sept. 19-22
Theme: Rice
Cost: Varies
Information: 979-245-8333,
Festival of Trees
Where: Matagorda County Museum
When: December
Theme: Christmas
Cost: Free
Information: matagordacountymuseum.com
School districts
Bay City School District
Where: 520 7th St.
Grades: Pre-kindergarten -12
Classification: 4A
Campuses: One high school, one junior high, three elementary schools.
Information: 979-245-5766,
Tidehaven School District
Where: 148 Farm-to-Market Road 1095, El Maton
Grades: Pre-kindergarten -12
Classification: 2A
Campuses: One high school, one intermediate school, two elementary schools
Information: 361-588-6321
Matagorda School District
Where: 717 Wightman St.
Grades: Pre-kindergarten - 8
Classification: N/A
Campuses: One school
Information: 979-863-7693, matagordaisd.org
Van Vleck School District
Where: 142 S. Fourth St.
Grades: Pre-kindergarten - 12
Classification: 2A
Campuses: One high school, one intermediate school, one middle school, one elementary school
Information: 979-323-5000, vvisd.org
Palacios School District
Where: 1209 12th St.
Grades: Pre-kindergarten -12
Classification: 3A
Campuses: one high school, one junior high, one intermediate school, one elementary school and one Texas State Marine Education Center
Information: 361-972-5491,
Wharton County Junior College
Where: 4000 Ave. F, Bay City
Grade level: Junior college
Information: 979-244-4552, 1-800-561-WCJC (9252)
Matagorda County Museum
Where: 2100 Ave. F, Bay City
Hours: 1-5 p.m. Wednesday-Saturday
Admission: $4, adults; $3, seniors over 50; $2, children 3 and older
Children's exhibit, Quilt exhibit, LaBelle exhibit, Festival of trees, local art exhibit lasting from mid January to mid March
Information: 979-245-7502; 979-245-1233-fax; email@example.com
Palacios Area Museum
Where: 401 Commerce St., Palacios
Hours: 10 a.m.-2 p.m. Monday-Friday; 11 a.m.-3 p.m. Saturday
Fees: Free, although donations welcome
Hurricane Carla 50th anniversary exhibit, LaBelle exhibit
Information: 361-972-1148, citybytheseamuseum.org
Golf Courses
Bay City
Bay City Country Club
Where: 1129 state Highway 35 S., Bay City
Admission fee: Varies
Hours: 7:30 a.m.-8 p.m. Tuesday to Sunday
Information: 979-245-3990,
Rio Colorado Golf Course
Where: Riverside Park, 7320 Farm-to-Market
Road 2668
Bay City
Hours: 7 a.m.-8 p.m. daily
Admission: Weekday $29/weekend $39
Information: 979-244-2955, riocoloradogolfcourse.com
Palacios Golf Course
Where: 289 Trull Blvd., Palacios
Information: 361-972-5947
Bay City
Matagorda County Birding and Nature Center
Where: 1025 state Highway 35
Hours: 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. daily
Admission: $3 per person or $5 per carload
Information: 979-245-3336, mcbnc.org
LeTulle Park
Where: West state Highway 35, Bay City
Information: 979-323-1660
Liberty Park
Where: 6th Street at Avenue I, Bay City
Information: 979-323-1660, cityofbaycity.org
Duncan Park
Where: Duncan Street near Hilliard Swimming Pool, Bay City
Information: 979-323-1660, cityofbaycity.org
Riverside Park
Where: Farm-to-Market Road 2668, Bay City
Information: 979-323-1660
Matagorda Jetty Park
Where: At the mouth of what was the Colorado River before its diversion into West Matagorda Bay
South Bay Park
Where: South Bay Boulevard
Information: palaciostexas.com
East Bay Park
Where: East Bay Boulevard
Information: cityofpalacios.com
Railroad Park/Skateboard Park
Where: Sixth Street
Information: cityofpalacios.com
Pavilion Pier
Where: South Bay at Fourth Street
Information: 361-972-3605
Palacios Recreation Center
Where: 2401 Perryman St.
Information: 361-972-3366
Bay City Public Library
Where: 1100 7th St., Bay City
Hours: 10 a.m.-7 p.m., Tuesday - Thursday; 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Friday; 8 a.m.-1 p.m. Saturday
Information: 979-245-6931; baycitytxlib.org
Offers: Videos, printing, fax services, study rooms, genealogy collection, computers, A-V equipment for rent, Spanish language material.
Sargent Branch
Where: Farm-to-Market Road 457, Sargent
Hours: 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Wednesday; 1-6 p.m. Thursday; 1-6 p.m. Friday; 10 a.m.-2 p.m. Saturday
Offers: High speed Internet, printing, faxing, copies, great new best sellers, DVDs, videos
Information: 979-245-3032,
Matagorda Regional Medical Center
Where: 104 7th St., Bay City
Specialties offered: Radiology/imaging, cardiac care services, cardiopulmonary services, surgical services, senior care-mental health program, the Women's Center, critical care services (ICU), diagnostic testing, emergency department services, laboratory services
Information: 979-245-6383,
Palacios Community Hospital
Where: 311 Green Ave., Palacios
Specialties offered: Inpatient care, 24-hour emergency room, rural health clinic, laboratory, radiology, pharmacy, physical therapy, nephrology clinic, sleep studies, hearing services
Information: 361-972-2511
Fishing holes/lakes/beaches
Matagorda Beach
Where: Matagorda
Cost: Free
Information: 1-800-806-8333
Sargent Beach
Where: Sargent
Cost: Free
Information: 1-800-806-8333


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All this happened, more or less. The beer parts, anyway, are pretty much true.
As the story goes, novelist Kurt Vonnegut and Governor John Hickenlooper's father were buddies. Vonnegut, the grandson of Indianapolis brewing magnate Albert Leiber, also became pals with John. And, somewhere along the line, an old Vonnegut beer recipe changed hands.
That recipe –which later became named "Kurt's Mile High Malt" – has only been brewed twice before at Wynkoop. And now it's being released again, debuting at the one-night-only Breakfast of Champions Beer Dinner on April 11.


text:
Note: This item is more than seven years old. Please take the publication date into consideration for any date references.
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News Release
Media Contact: TPWD News, email@example.com, 512-389-8030
April 9, 2012
O. H. Ivie Proves Toyota ShareLunker Was No Fluke
ATHENS—When O.H. Ivie, the West Texas reservoir now below 20 percent capacity, produced Toyota ShareLunker 535 March 25, some people assumed the catch was an aberration.
That illusion vanished on Good Friday, April 6, when Kyle Johnson of Abilene caught Toyota ShareLunker 536, a 13.36-pound largemouth bass that was 27.5 inches long and 20 inches in girth.
Johnson proved that even in a lake that is more than 30 feet below conservation pool, it is still possible to find the shallow water where bass like to spawn. He caught the fish in three to four feet of water on a jig.
"When she hit, she almost took the rod out of my hand," Johnson said. "Then she took me around the boat twice."
The fish was weighed and held for pickup at Elm Creek Village, an official Toyota ShareLunker weigh and holding station. Elm Creek Village manager Jerry Hunter said he believes there are more big bass to come from the lake this season. "People have been catching a lot of sevens and eights and a few double-digit fish," he said. "I think the spawn is about two weeks behind what we usually see."
ShareLunker 536 is the second fish of the season to come from O.H. Ivie, the thirteenth entry into the program this season, and the twenty-fifth ShareLunker to come from the lake. O.H. Ivie is now tied with Lake Alan Henry for second place in the number of ShareLunkers produced. Lake Fork leads the pack with 249.
The person who catches the season's largest entry will be named Angler of the Year and will receive a prize package from G. Loomis valued at $818. The package includes a G. Loomis NRX854C jig and worm rod, a Shimano ChronarchD1007 casting reel and 150 yards of moss green Power Pro super-braid fishing line. If a Texas angler catches the largest entry of the season, that person also receives a lifetime fishing license.
The current leader in the race for Angler of the Year is Gary Wingate of Amarillo with his 14.39-pounder caught from Falcon International Reservoir on March 16. That fish was pure Florida largemouth and so far has spawned twice, producing nearly 80,000 eggs.
Anyone legally catching a 13-pound or bigger largemouth bass from Texas waters, public or private, between October 1 and April 30 may submit the fish to the Toyota ShareLunker program by calling the ShareLunker hotline at (903) 681-0550 or paging (888) 784-0600 and leaving a phone number including area code. Fish will be picked up by TPWD personnel within 12 hours.
Anglers entering fish into the Toyota ShareLunker program receive a free replica of their fish, a certificate and ShareLunker clothing and are recognized at a banquet at the Texas Freshwater Fisheries Center in Athens.
For complete information and rules of the ShareLunker program, tips on caring for big bass, a list of official Toyota ShareLunker weigh and holding stations and a recap of last year's season, see tpwd.texas.gov/sharelunker. The site also includes a searchable database of all fish entered into the program along with pictures where available.
Information on current catches, including short videos of interviews with anglers when available, is posted on www.facebook.com/sharelunkerprogram.
The Toyota ShareLunker Program is made possible by a grant to the Texas Parks & Wildlife Foundation from Gulf States Toyota. Toyota is a long-time supporter of the Foundation and Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, providing major funding for a wide variety of education, fish, parks and wildlife projects.
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Posted by Olivia on Friday, June 7th, 2013
This takes Pesto to a new level, a fabulous new level!!: Cilantro, ginger, garlic, lime, TOASTED almonds, AND! Jalapeno Olive Oil – YUM! I tossed this into a slaw of cabbage, carrots, roasted corn, cherry tomatoes, and scallions.
This is one of those awesome recipes where I just see a ton of room for experimentation. The pesto could be used on its own, the salad itself has room for chicken or shrimp, or you could even use this as a fish taco topper. We just ate it along sliders and sweet potato fries but the options are endless.
Roasted Corn Slaw with Cilantro Jalapeno Pesto:


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South African Journal of Science
versão On-line ISSN 1996-7489
versão impressa ISSN 0038-2353
S. Afr. j. sci. vol.105 no.9-10 Pretoria Set./Out. 2009
Possible trace fossils of putative termite origin in the Lower Jurassic (Karoo Supergroup) of South Africa and Lesotho
E.M. BordyI, *; A.J. BumbyII; O. CatuneanuIII; P.G. ErikssonII
IDepartment of Geology, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
IIDepartment of Geology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
IIIDepartment of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, 1-26 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
Complex structures in the sandstones of the Lower Jurassic aeolian Clarens Formation (Karoo Supergroup) are found at numerous localities throughout southern Africa, and can be assigned to five distinct architectural groups: (1) up to 3.3-m high, free-standing, slab-shaped forms of bioturbated sandstones with elliptical bases, orientated buttresses and an interconnecting large burrow system; (2) up to 1.2-m high, free-standing, irregular forms of bioturbated sandstones with 2-cm to 4-cm thick, massive walls, empty chambers and vertical shafts; (3) about 0.15-m to 0.25-m high, mainly bulbous, multiple forms with thin walls (<2 cm), hollow chambers with internal pillars and bridges; (4) about 0.15-m to 0.2-m (maximum 1-m) high, free-standing forms of aggregated solitary spheres associated with massive horizontal, orientated capsules or tubes, and meniscate tubes; and (5) about 5 cm in diameter, ovoid forms with weak internal shelving in a close-fitting cavity. Based on size, wall thickness, orientation and the presence of internal chambers, these complex structures are tentatively interpreted as ichnofossils of an Early Jurassic social organism; the different architectures are reflective of the different behaviours of more than one species, the history of structural change in architectural forms (ontogenetic series) or an architectural adaptation to local palaeoclimatic variability. While exact modern equivalents are unknown, some of these ichnofossils are comparable to nests (or parts of nests) constructed by extant termites, and thus these Jurassic structures are very tentatively interpreted here as having been made by a soil-dwelling social organism, probably of termite origin. This southern African discovery, along with reported Triassic and Jurassic termite ichnofossils from North America, supports previous hypotheses that sociality in insects, particularity in termites, likely evolved prior to the Pangea breakup in the Early Mesozoic.
Key words: terrestrial trace fossils, social insects, southern Gondwana climate, Early Jurassic, Pangea, Karoo
Here we document, for the first time, the range of possible trace fossil architectures found at different localities in the Lower Jurassic sandstones of the main Karoo Basin in southern Africa (Fig. 1). We tentatively suggest that these well-preserved architectural forms are likely the best preserved Early Jurassic social insect traces in Gondwana to date, probably made by a soil-dwelling social organism that was possibly related to termites. Conservatively, the body and ichnofossil record of termites is traced back only to the Cretaceous period,1,2 however, it appears that the termite ichnofossil record may have a pre-Cretaceous origin as there is a growing number of Triassic and Jurassic trace fossils that have been attributed to termites.38 This current interpretation would thus further support the hypothesis that explains the worldwide distribution of social insects, in particular termites, by their early Mesozoic origin, prior to the breakup of Pangea.4,918
The structures under investigation are distinct associations of tunnels and spheroidal features of various sizes, constructed from, or excavated within, fine-to medium-grained sandstones in the uppermost part of the Lower Jurassic (Hettangian to Pliensbachian) Clarens Formation. This predominantly aeolian formation (part of the Karoo Supergroup) was deposited throughout southern Africa in a wet to dry desert environment with dominant easterly palaeowinds before the outpouring of the Karoo continental flood basalts 183 ± 1MYA.1922 Based on their distinctive architectures, the structures are classified into five groups (Table 1), of which Groups 1 and 2 are very similar to large, elaborate, free-standing, strongly bioturbated (tunnel diameter ~0.5 cm) sandstone pillars from the Tuli Basin,7 and therefore their description is only summarised here. Groups 3 and 5 have not been reported elsewhere, and elements of Group 4 were recently reported in Bordy.22
Group 1 (Figs 2a and 3a) are large (up to 3.3 m), laterally-flattened sandstone pillars with strong northsouth orientation, with or without side buttresses. Group 2 (Figs 2b and 3b) are more irregular pillars of larger diameters (up to 1 m), but smaller vertical dimensions (up to 1.2 m) than those in Group 1. In addition, Group 2 pillars have thick, massive walls and a series of empty chambers and shafts in their interior. Associated with the sandstone pillars of both Groups 1 and 2, tubes with meniscate fill (average diameter 2 cm) have also been observed. It is noteworthy that Group 1 and 2 forms are preserved poorly in the main Karoo Basin due to enhanced weathering, compared to the present day more arid Tuli Basin which lies more than 500 km to the north. At Site 1 (Fig. 1), 53 Group 1 pillar orientations have a mean vector of 359.22º, comparing favourably with the mean orientation of 357.39º in 153 analogous pillars in the Tuli Basin as well as with the orientation of recent northern Australian termite nests.7 Group 2 structures (Sites 1 and 6) in the present study area have a network of large, anastomosed, hollow tunnels, 520 cm in diameter (Fig. 2c) that seem to be underlying the free-standing nests and are occasionally subhorizontal. These anastomosed tunnel walls are 2.53.5 cm thick, and have a smooth exterior and locally bioturbated inner surface. The individual tunnels have a fairly constant diameter.
Group 3 ichnofossils (Figs 2d and 3c) are distinguished from Group 2 structures based on differences in internal morphology and bulbous external shape. Group 3 forms are shorter (average 1525 cm) and have thinner walls (less than 2 cm, Fig. 2d) with a rough, sugary interior surface, lining highly irregular cavities. The cavities are hollow, but rare, broad, upward-tapering 'props' (less than 10 cm high) and irregular bridges (12 cm wide) may be preserved within them (Fig. 2e). Horizontal and subhorizontal hollow cylinders with external diameters (46 cm) are also associated with these cavities (for example, Sites 3 and 4).
Group 4 ichnofossils are an association of spheres (0.54 cm) and horizontally-orientated capsules (0.5 cm in diameter and 15 cm in length), and usually are exposed in ~20 m2 horizontal surfaces (Fig. 2f; see Bordy21 for details). Locally, small (1520 cm high and 2030 cm wide) columns of the small spheres emerge from the surface where the abundance of solitary and coalesced spheres is highest (Figs 2g and 3d). These columns have a partially-filled shaft in their interior. Locally, smooth-walled, horizontal tubes, 8 cm in diameter, extend laterally from the upright columns and are filled with sandstone bioturbated by a network of interconnected, fine galleries of 0.20.3 cm in diameter.
At Site 1, part of a larger columnar structure, consisting entirely of spheres of various sizes, is 1 m tall and 1.7 m wide. The spheres within the 'wall' were sorted neatly from the larger (3 cm to 4 cm diameter) spheres on the outer edge (Fig. 2h), to smaller (about 0.5 cm diameter) spheres on the inner edge. Intermediate-sized spheres occupy the central portions of the 'wall'. The surface, from which this 'wall' remnant protrudes, is covered by parallel, strongly northsouth oriented, semi-connected capsules and tubes (about 0.5 cm in diameter), resembling an oriented, semi-connected tunnel system cast in sandstone (Fig. 3d). Surfaces identical to this, and with an approximate northsouth orientation, were also observed in Tuli Basin, at Site 3 (main Karoo Basin) and numerous other localities in South Africa where they co-occur with meniscate tubes (the latter having a uniform diameter of 1 cm) and other probable ichnofossils (see Bordy22 for details).
Group 5 ichnofossils were observed in eroded vertical surfaces showing an egg-shaped chamber (maximum diameter of 5cm) with poorly-developed internal shelving in a close-fitting cavity (Figs 2i and 3e). This oval form is associated with 34 cm diameter irregular caverns, and a multitude of small, circular openings 0.3 to 0.5 cm in diameter, forming a contorted, interconnected passage system within the sandstone matrix.
Many organisms disturb the soil, on large and small scales. The Clarens Formation structures described here may have several different origins. Those that show a defined concentration of intense bioturbation in an otherwise undisturbed (bedded) sandstone are suggestive of traces of soil-dwelling life forms, most probably of social organisation. Among modern organisms, some termites construct very similar, but not identical, nests to the architectural features of these Early Jurassic structures.
Details on the similarities of the elaborate large pillars of Groups 1 and 2 to modern termite nests, and, in the case of Group 1, their resemblance to the magnetic mounds of Australia (Termitidae), are discussed in Bordy et al.7. Here we also consider that certain, especially the more primitive termites, are wood inhabitants,23 and thus it is possible that the pillar-shaped occurrences of Group 2, and the network of large, anastomosed, hollow tunnels and horizontal components of the structures associated with Groups 2 and 3 (Figs 2a and 2c), are possibly remains of termite-infested wood especially when considering that fossil tree stumps in the Clarens Formation are present both in South Africa and Lesotho.2426 If these structures were associated with wood-inhabiting termite species, the pillar-like sections (i.e. the tree stumps) probably were occupied as the main nest, and the radiating anastomosed and (semi-)horizontal tunnels formed part of the termite-infested tree root system. Alternatively, the larger horizontal and semi-horizontal tunnels may be interpreted as subterranean passageways or burrow systems, which probably were used for interconnecting adjacent, related nests or calies (as described by Noirot and Darlington27 for modern termites and by Direnger et al.2 in Miocene fossil termites), even though the size differences are apparent. It has to be emphasised that, other than the overall shape or external morphology, any direct evidence to substantiate the above interpretations is absent.
Furthermore, resemblance in the external morphology between Group 3 forms and modern nests of Odontotermes latericius is also present to some degree; however, these seem to differ internally as the cross-sectional exposures of the Group 3 structures lack the preservation of any centralised nest cavity, which is an integral part of the nest of the modern taxon. There is also some resemblance in the external morphology of the structures built by the modern harvester termites (Hodotermitidae) in South Africa28 and the semi-spherical chamber with horizontal galleries (internal shelving) of Group 5. However, the diagnostic horizontal shelving of the hive is not very well-preserved in our case, probably partially due to the coarse nature of the host sediment and weathering. Furthermore, the size differences are also notable, though it is possible that our structure represents small hives.
Group 4 structure morphologies do not correspond to any known modern nest forms;22 however, identical structures were interpreted as fossil termite calies from the late Miocene of Ethiopia.6
Unquestionably, and partly due to the fact that the very nature of trace fossils in general poses difficulties in their interpretation, the Clarens structures cannot be assigned unequivocally to termite origin, in contrast to more recent termite ichnofossils,2,29 largely because these Early Jurassic structures may have been modified over time by diagenetic, thermal, and more recently, surficial weathering processes. More specifically, the differences van Eeden.31 While such an alteration effect of Karoo dolerites is in their structure and that of other more easily defined, younger commonly responsible for the formation of random concretions termite ichnofossils, may be attributed to the hydrothermal in the host sediments (which locally are rather abundant in the alteration effect associated with the intrusion of post-Clarens Clarens Formation, Fig. 4.), it is unlikely that such magmatic Karoo dolerites, an idea originally suggested by de Villiers30 and processes resulted in the consistent shape and orientation, the intricate burrows systems, the back-filled traces, etc. associated with the currently-described structures. Although it is difficult to quantify the altering effect of such post-depositional processes, it is possible that they, at least partly, may have cemented, consolidated and overprinted the original structures by blurring or even destroying some of the more delicate biogenic features, but enhancing the preservation of the overall forms.
Considering the difficulty of establishing correlates with extant or fossil nest structures of termites, alternative explanations of these structures were considered on numerous occasions. For example, the idea that at least part of the structures represent pedotubes of roots or tree trunks,2 or megarhizoliths, like those in Pleistocene aeolian deposits of Spain (for a detailed description see Alonso-Zarza et al.32) has been investigated. To this effect, we concluded that our structures (especially parts of Groups 1 and 2) may superficially appear to converge on the morphologies of such plant-associated structures. Unlike ours, however, those structures do not contain intricate burrows systems that are restricted to the pillar-like structures and associated with back-filled traces, but are rather stratiform and much more widely spaced (as expected of boxwork of second-order rhizoliths). In addition, our structures show no remnant bedding or any microfabrics that characterise the megarhizoliths described by Alonso-Zarza et al.32
Taking the above into account, we propose that the trace makers of the Clarens trace fossils are either some unknown Jurassic social organisms or Jurassic precursors of modern termites (for example, an Early Jurassic ancestor later leading to both Isoptera and their closest relative, the cockroach family (Cryptocercidae)). It needs to be emphasised that, in spite of current termite phylogeny indicating that the nascent stages of termite evolution were only in the Late Jurassic (see Grimaldi and Engel22 for review), the large time gap (>50 Mya) in the fossil record between the earliest-known body fossils of Isoptera (from the Early Cretaceous Berriasian of Russia33) and the Late Triassic ichnofossils interpreted as the first putative termite trace fossils,4,16 in our view, does not preclude the possible existence of termite-like organisms (or termite ancestors) in the Early Jurassic.34 However, to date, apart from the overall architectural and size similarities between these trace fossils and modern termite nests, there is no other strong support for the true termite origin of the structures, and thus their attribution to termites is tentative at this stage.
If accepting that the resemblance of the Clarens ichnofossils to modern-day termite nests is sufficient evidence to tentatively identify them as possible fossil termite nests, their interpretation as components of concentrated nests conforms to the nomenclature based on Noirot35 and Roonwal36 and summarised by Hasiotis.6 The nomenclature was easily applicable to ichnofossils belonging to Groups 2 and 5, but proved difficult for Groups 1, 3 and 4 (Table 1). The practicality of the above terminology is illustrated by the various Group 5 ichnofossils, where the ovoid chamber subdivided by shelves into a series of compartments can be interpreted as a hive within a nest, or endoecie. The irregular caverns can be interpreted as chambers for royals, and the interconnected passages as galleries of the periecie. Due to the high diversity of ichnofossil forms, however, the abovementioned terminology was not always applicable. Its rigid application would have resulted in the overlooking of previously undescribed nest forms or associations. For example, even though the enigmatic features of Group 4 do not resemble any known termite architecture, because the architectural forms in this Group 4 occur in a strict association defining a complex structure (e.g. occasional free-standing pillars floored by bioturbated horizontal surfaces), they can be interpreted as parts of a unique fossil termite nest with infrequently preserved epigeous nests and better preserved subterranean sections. Additionally, bioturbated masses characteristic of Group 17 may be identified as either the endoecie or periecie (based on the terminology of Hasiotis6), but the network of larger, anastomosed burrows associated with Group 1 architecture remains unnamed at this stage.
It is unlikely that the five structural groups from the Early Jurassic of the main Karoo Basin have an inorganic origin, given their structural variety, complexity, occasional systematic orientation, association with back-filled and massive trace fossils,22 and repeatability in different areas of southern Africa. In addition, large structures such as these cannot be built by solitary insects. Based on arguments presented here, it seems reasonable to conclude that the Clarens Formation ichnofossils may be products of a soil-dwelling, social organism that behaved similarly to modern termites (e.g. obtained their building matter by mixing their excrement with sediment particles), and left behind bioturbation features that closely resemble, in many aspects, modern termite nests.
To date, the documented trace fossil assemblages from the Early Jurassic geological record of southern Africa preserves both simple3,22 and a range of elaborate forms7,26 that have been assigned to social organisms either of unknown origin or related to termites. Worldwide, certain Mesozoic ichnofossils have been attributed to termite activity;46,8,15,3739 however, some researchers1 question any pre-Cretaceous termite ichnofossil interpretations. Indisputably, in our case, literal correspondence with any modern termite nest type is lacking, and not all architectural forms can be fully interpreted in terms of modern termite behaviour (especially Group 4). Reasons for this may be that these Early Jurassic ichnofossils were altered in the past 200 million years, or that they represent a nest structure not reproduced by modern termites. In other words, they may represent activities of a precursor of termites or an extinct social organism that was not related to termites, but behaved similarly to them. The latter is unlikely because no evidence to date suggests that anything other than termites could have been responsible for similar structures.
However, the five architecturally-complex structures are not necessarily explicable as constructed nests of five different Early Jurassic social organism groups, since, even in the extant record: (1) convergent or parallel evolution of different termites produces similar nests; (2) nests built by the same species vary in appearance 6,28,40); and due to environmental conditions (e.g., Macrotermes sp. (3) morphologies of an ontogenetic nest series may appear very different.6
Sedimentological and palaeontological evidence, associated with the diverse trace fossil forms in the uppermost part of the Clarens Formation, suggests the Early Jurassic of southern Africa was not excessively and uniformly arid.19,25,41 In particular, dinosaur footprints and plant fossils (e.g. petrified gymnosperm wood with well-developed growth rings24,25), as well as ephemeral stream deposits located along the same stratigraphic horizon in the main Karoo Basin, demonstrate the onset of a more humid phase in the Early Jurassic climatic history of southern Africa. Evidence of a relatively wet climatic condition is also abundant from the sedimentary interbeds from the lower part of the overlying, predominantly volcanic Drakensberg Group. These include carbonised plant matter, arthropod and insect fossils, fossil footprints and ephemeral fluvial-lacustrine deposits25,42 (also own observations). In addition, up to 30-m thick pillow basalt and interbedded sub-aqueous sedimentary strata in the lower part of the Drakensberg Group43 (also J. Marsh, pers. comm. and own observations) also indicate a relatively humid climate with fairly common standing bodies of water in this part of Pangaea in the Early Jurassic. The abovementioned evidence of wet period(s) depicts an environment that was not overly harsh and could have provided sufficient organic matter needed by the widely-distributed colonies of these social organisms during Clarens times. In view of the relative abundance of gymnosperm wood in the Clarens Formation, as well as a recent report indicating that mutualistic associations between termites and protozoa are at least 100 million years old,44 it is possible that the trace makers were wood feeders and their digestion might have been assisted by microbial symbionts (e.g. protozoa or bacteria).
Considering that in extant species of termites (e.g. Macrotermes bellicosus), nest architecture is dependent on ambient tempera-ture,40 the architectural style of these supposed nests could hint at local microclimate conditions. According to Korb,40 thin-walled epigeous nests with ornate, ridged outer walls are constructed in warm temperatures where the need for insulation is low. Thin walls also allow for enhanced gas exchange, minimising CO2 levels within the nest, and optimising fungus-growing conditions. In areas where ambient temperature is lower (perhaps due to canopy shading or more vegetated interdune areas), epigeous nest walls are thicker for insulation, at the expense of reduced gas exchange.40 Differences in wall thickness between the coeval Groups 2 (thick walled) and 3 (thin walled), may therefore signal differences in local ambient palaeotemperatures due to variable microclimatic conditions. Structural architecture, and thus, nest constructional behaviour of the Jurassic social organism, may then reflect environmental variation, rather than species behaviour alone. Alternatively, these structures, especially where they co-occur (as in Sites 1 and 4), may represent age differences of colonies of the same species (i.e. an ontogentic series), however their relative ages are difficult to assess due to lack of stratigraphic markers and other age indicators; apparent co-occurrence may be a product of modern weathering.
The discovery of these diverse terrestrial ichnofossils in Gondwana and southern Pangea, and their attribution to social insects, probably termites, is highly relevant to the ongoing debate1,34 about the timing of the origin of termites as well as social behaviour in insects. The interpretation that termites might have been the possible makers of these intricate structures further corroborates the idea that sociality in insects evolved prior to the breakup of Pangea, in the early Mesozoic.913,18 Thus, these current southern African findings, as well as the previously reported early to mid-Mesozoic termite ichnofossil occurrences,4,6,7 challenge some current thinking about the late Mesozoic evolutionary origin of termites as social insects. Moreover, the discovery of Fruitafossor windscheffelia, a fossil mammal from the Late Jurassic,45 which had specialised dentition for a termite-and other insect-based diet, corroborates the presence of pre-Cretaceous termites.
The great variability of the ichnofossils presented here mirrors the behavioural complexity of their builders, and potentially suggests that highly social superorganisms, consisting of a multitude of individuals with coordinated activities, were present in the Early Jurassic of southern Gondwana. Considering that ichnofossils of termite nests have already been hypothesised from the Late Triassic and Late Jurassic4,6,8 of North America, these recent findings reveal that termites may have been wide ranging in Pangea in the early and mid-Mesozoic and thus could have evolved and radiated before the breakup of the supercontinent.
E.M.B. was a South African National Research Fund postdoctoral fellow during the initial stages of manuscript preparation, and has received JRC funds from Rhodes University. O.C. thanks the University of Alberta and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for research support. A.J.B. and P.G.E. thank the University of Pretoria for research funding. Thanks to D. Ambrose, B.S. Rubidge, P. Jacklyn, V. Uys, S. Masters, M. Diop, the ladies of the Nhlapo family and L. Ntsaba for their scientific or field support. We also thank two anonymous reviewers and A. Morris for constructive review of the manuscript. The investigation complies with the current laws of the countries in which it was performed.
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38. Hasiotis S.T. (2000). The invertebrate invasion and evolution of Mesozoic soil ecosystems: the ichnofossil record of ecological innovations. In Phanerozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems: Paleontological Society Short Course 6, eds R. Gastaldo and W. Dimichele, pp. 141169. Yale University Reprographics and Imaging Services, New Haven, Connecticut. [ Links ]
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Received 30 January. Accepted 10 July 2009.
* Author for correspondence E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
My browser keeps saying adobe has crashed. The errors have become more frequent now.
My browser freezes then I get the error about adobe crashing. This has been happening for a few months now. I've uninstalled and reinstalled firefox and adobe multiple times. I tried making a new profile for firefox also, but nothing has helped. This past week I have also been getting errors about the shockwave plugin crashing. I've tried malware removal, antivirus removal, but it's all coming back clean. I'm not sure what to do anymore.
Vybrané riešenie
That is so true and so sad. I wish all these companies would just own up, admit they need to work on things and solve this problem. I also just read on Adobe's website last night, that apparently they've been hacked in to. I wonder if that has anything to do with th current issues (even though it appears to have been going on for quite a long time now)? I just wish this would get fixed. I shouldn't need 3 browsers on one computer (and a new computer, at that).Čítať túto odpoveď v kontexte 0
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- Next Generation Java Plug-in 10.21.2 for Mozilla browsers
- Adobe Shockwave for Director Netscape plug-in, version 22.214.171.124
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Upravené nastavenia
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I gave up, switched to Chrome, and guess what? Shockwave has started crashing there too.
Here's one fix that worked for me: I just started having this problem, severely...... with Internet Explorer and Firefox. So I checked the video .dll files (my card is an ATI so I looked at all of the .dll files starting with "ati") in Windows > "System 32" folder, AND the Windows > System 32 > "dllcache" folder. After I looked at each ATI video .dll file's Properties I found the same named .dll files did not match!! I simply found the most current ones, then copied those and replaced the older ones.
Problem fixed!! It was crashing sometimes in seconds from opening Firefox OR Internet Explorer. Flash Player was constantly crashing too if the pages stayed open long enough for that to even run. Not anymore!!
My husband and I purchased a BRAND NEW HP desktop Pavillion two days ago. The minute I downloaded the latest version of Adobe Flash/Shockwave, I immediately noticed a lagging with any game I attempted to play on Facebook - until finally, I got the error message that adobe crashed. I also am unable to play any Vine videos on Twitter, however YouTube works just fine... so far.
We don't hardly have any other programs on this computer yet, so I know it isn't clashing with others or something of that nature.
I can view Vine Videos just fine in IE 10, but am still unable to play any games on Facebook.
I finally decided to download Google Chrome today and so far, everything is working fine. However... I have a friend who is having the exact same problem as I am, using Google Chrome and apparently this has been going on for months with him.
Our computer is two days old. It is running Windows 8, Firefox 24 and IE 10.
I am very confused and frustrated. At first I thought it was maybe some kind of Windows 8 issue. Then I thought maybe Firefox had a glitch. Then maybe it's something with Adobe? (But of course, everyone at Adobe dances around the problem and points fingers every where else)
What is going on???? Is it a Firefox issue or Adobe? Does ANYONE have the answer??
Upravil(a) Tamserenity dňa
Nobody knows. Bottom line is they all have released products that don't work together and no one (no company) is taking the responsibility to get it fixed. Nothing but excuses from all sides.
Vybrané riešenie
That is so true and so sad. I wish all these companies would just own up, admit they need to work on things and solve this problem. I also just read on Adobe's website last night, that apparently they've been hacked in to. I wonder if that has anything to do with th current issues (even though it appears to have been going on for quite a long time now)? I just wish this would get fixed. I shouldn't need 3 browsers on one computer (and a new computer, at that).
Hi Tamserenity, it's too soon to give up. What version of Windows were you using before?
Here are notes on the two problems you mentioned:
(1) Vine videos - there is a problem with the script that Vine is using. I posted a temporary and not-so-convenient workaround here: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/961627?page=2#answer-488527
(2) Flash lagging - if Flash doesn't crash, it's hard to gather data on what might be causing the lagging.
This is some standard guidance that addresses the most common issues with Flash in Firefox. I'm sure you've seen some of it before, but just in case:
(A) If you have installed any recorders/downloaders that interact with Flash media, make sure they are as up-to-date as possible, or disable them temporarily.
(B) Disable the use of hardware graphics acceleration in Firefox and in Flash to work around any incompatibilities with graphics card drivers
(i) In Firefox, un-check the box here and restart:
orange Firefox button (or Tools menu) > Options > Advanced > General > "Use hardware acceleration when available"
(ii) In Flash, see this support article from Adobe: http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/video-playback-issues.html#main_Solve_video_playback_issues
(C) Disable protected mode (Windows Vista and higher)
This is a security feature of the Flash Player that does not work well on all systems and can cause some annoying behaviors. To turn it off, see this support article from Adobe under the heading "Last Resort": Adobe Forums: How do I troubleshoot Flash Player's protected mode for Firefox?


text:
It took me awhile to settle on a fabric for the pocket and lining. I really wanted to steer away from anything floral or too "pretty" and am so happy with my choice of typewriter fabric from Melody Miller. I haven't had this fabric for long, but absolutely love it and only wanted to use it for a special project. The front pocket dimensions were changed a little to make sure that I got the whole typewriter in the middle.
Here's a shot of the back of the bag - it looks just as lovely without a fabric pocket, just using the leather on it's own. I'm loving it and going to make another trip into the saddle maker's shop this week to see what else he has lying around.
Thanks, Anna for an awesome pattern - she rocks at bags and thinks of all the little things that are appreciated when you are out and about.
Sidekick Tote pattern from Noodlehead
REAL brown leather
Melody Miller, Ruby Star Rising, Typewriters in Neutral
Kaffe Fassett, Shot Cotton in Moss


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813 Automall Drive
Directions North Vancouver, BC V7P 3R8
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***Advertised price does NOT include $195 levy for Professional Detail & Full Tank of Fuel***


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Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
Exploring Unity and Diversity
The following video segment shows how themes of unity and diversity are addressed in classroom examples.
View Video Segment:
Identifying Themes in Classroom Examples
Go to this segment in the video by matching the image (to the left) on your screen. You'll find this segment approximately 11 minutes into the video. Watch for about 20 minutes.
This segment illustrates teaching strategies in several classroom examples. As you watch, take notes on the strategies teachers use to address elements of unity and diversity in terms of content, learners, and instructional strategies. This will help prepare you for the upcoming activity. Then watch the workshop participants' discussion.
Analyzing Lessons
In this interactive activity, you will analyze the teaching strategies used in the classroom examples. Read the description of each segment, describe how the teachers incorporated themes of unity and diversity into their lessons, then compare your answers.
Unity and DiversityGo to Interactive Activity >>
A non-interactive version of this activity is available as a PDF document.
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