text:
The original 7 World Trade Center was 47 stories tall, clad in red masonry,
and occupied a trapezoidal footprint. An elevated walkway connected the
building to the World Trade Center plaza. The building was situated above
a Consolidated Edison power substation, which imposed unique structural
design constraints. When the building opened in 1987, Silverstein had
difficulties attracting tenants.Salomon Brothers signed a long-term lease in
1988, and became the main tenants of the building. On September 11,
2001, 7 WTC was damaged by debris when the nearby North Tower of the
World Trade Center collapsed. The debris also ignited fires, which
continued to burn throughout the afternoon on lower floors of the building.
The building's internal fire suppression system lacked water pressure to The new 7 World Trade Center from the
fight the fires, and the building collapsed completely at 5:21:10 pm, southeast (2008)
according to FEMA,[5]:23 while the 2008 NIST study placed the final
collapse time at 5:20:52 pm.[6]:19, 21, 50–51 The collapse began when a
critical internal column buckled and triggered structural failure throughout,
which was first visible from the exterior with the crumbling of a rooftop
penthouse structure at 5:20:33 pm. The collapse made the old 7 World
Trade Center the first tall building known to have collapsed primarily due
to uncontrolled fires,[7] and the only steel skyscraper in the world to have
collapsed due to fire.[8]
Construction of the new 7 World Trade Center began in 2002, and was
completed in 2006. The building is 52 stories tall (plus one underground
floor), making it the 28th-tallest in New York.[2][3][4] It is built on a
smaller footprint than the original, allowing Greenwich Street to be
restored from Tribeca through the World Trade Center site and south to
Battery Park. The new building is bounded by Greenwich, Vesey,
Washington, and Barclay streets. A small park across Greenwich Street
occupies space that was part of the original building's footprint. The
current building's design emphasizes safety, with a reinforced concrete
core, wider stairways, and thicker fireproofing of steel columns. It also
incorporates numerous green design features. The building was the first
commercial office building in New York City to receive the U.S. Green
Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
(LEED) certification, where it won a gold rating. It was also one of the first
projects accepted to be part of the Council's pilot program for Leadership
in Energy and Environmental Design – Core and Shell Development
Original building (1987–2001)
Design and layout
9/11 and collapse
New building
See also
External links
The building was constructed above a Con Edison substation that had been Type Office
on the site since 1967.[13] The substation had a caisson foundation Location 250 Greenwich
designed to carry the weight of a future building of 25 stories containing Street
600,000 sq ft (56,000 m2).[14] The final design for 7 World Trade Center Manhattan, New
was for a much larger building than originally planned when the substation York 10007, United
was built.[15]:xxxviii The structural design of 7 World Trade Center States
therefore included a system of gravity column transfer trusses and girders,
Coordinates 40.7133°N
located between floors 5 and 7, to transfer loads to the smaller
foundation.[6]:5 Existing caissons installed in 1967 were used, along with
Construction started May 7, 2002[1]
new ones, to accommodate the building. The 5th floor functioned as a
structural diaphragm, providing lateral stability and distribution of loads Completed 2006
between the new and old caissons. Above the 7th floor, the building's Opening May 23, 2006
structure was a typical tube-frame design, with columns in the core and on Height
the perimeter, and lateral loads resisted by perimeter moment frames.
Architectural 743 ft (226 m)[2]
A shipping and receiving ramp, which served the entire World Trade Roof 741 ft (226 m)[3]
Center complex, occupied the eastern quarter of the 7 World Trade Center
Top floor 679 ft (207 m)[2]
footprint. The building was open below the 3rd floor, providing space for
Technical details
truck clearance on the shipping ramp.[14] The spray-on fireproofing for
structural steel elements was gypsum-based Monokote, which had a two- Floor count 52[3][4]
hour fire rating for steel beams, girders and trusses, and a three-hour rating Floor area 1,681,118 sq ft
for columns.[5]:11 (156,181 m2)[2]
Each floor had 47,000 sq ft (4,400 m2) of rentable office space, which made the building's floor plans considerably larger than most
office buildings in the City.[20] In all, 7 World Trade Center had 1,868,000 sq ft (173,500 m2) of office space.[5]:1 Two pedestrian
bridges connected the main World Trade Center complex, across Vesey Street, to the third floor of 7 World Trade Center. The lobby
of 7 World Trade Center held three murals by artist Al Held: The Third Circle, Pan North XII, and Vorces VII.[21]
In June 1986, before construction was completed, developer Larry Silverstein signed Drexel Burnham Lambert as a tenant to lease
the entire 7 World Trade Center building for $3 billion over a term of 30 years.[22] In December 1986, after the Boesky insider-
trading scandal, Drexel Burnham Lambert canceled the lease, leaving Silverstein to find other tenants.[23] Spicer & Oppenheim
agreed to lease
14 percent of
the space, but
for more than
a year, as
Black Monday
and other
affected the
Transfer trusses used on the 5–7th floors to
redistribute load to the foundation
The position of building 7 in relation to the real estate
other WTC buildings before September market,
11, 2001 Silverstein was unable to find tenants for the remaining space. By April 1988,
he had lowered the rent and made other concessions.
In November 1988, Salomon Brothers withdrew from plans to build a large new complex at Columbus Circle in Midtown, and agreed
to a 20-year lease for the top 19 floors of 7 World Trade Center.[25] The building was extensively renovated in 1989 to accommodate
the needs of Salomon Brothers. This led to the alternative naming of the building as the Salomon Brothers building.[26] Most of three
existing floors were removed as tenants continued to occupy other floors, and more than 350 tons (U.S.) of steel were added to
construct three double-height trading floors. Nine diesel generators were installed on the 5th floor as part of a backup power station.
"Essentially, Salomon is constructing a building within a building – and it's an occupied building, which complicates the situation",
said a district manager of Silverstein Properties. The unusual task was possible, said Larry Silverstein, because it was designed to
allow for "entire portions of floors to be removed without affecting the building's structural integrity, on the assumption that someone
might need double-height floors."[26]
At the time of the September 11, 2001, attacks, Salomon Smith Barney was by far the largest tenant in 7 World Trade Center,
occupying 1,202,900 sq ft (111,750 m2) (64 percent of the building) which included floors 28–45.[5]:2[27] Other major tenants
included ITT Hartford Insurance Group (122,590 sq ft/11,400 m²), American Express Bank International (106,117 sq ft/9,900 m²),
Standard Chartered Bank (111,398 sq ft/10,350 m²), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (106,117 sq ft/9,850 m²).[27]
Smaller tenants included theInternal Revenue ServiceRegional Council (90,430 sq ft/8,400 m²) and the United States Secret Service
(85,343 sq ft/7,900 m²).[27] The smallest tenants included the New York City Office of Emergency Management,[28] National
Association of Insurance Commissioners, Federal Home Loan Bank, First State Management Group Inc., Provident Financial
Management, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service.[27] The Department of Defense (DOD) and Central Intelligence
Agency (CIA) shared the 25th floor with the IRS.[5]:2 Floors 46–47 were mechanical floors, as were the bottom six floors and part of
the seventh floor.[5]:2[29]
As the North Tower collapsed on September 11, 2001, heavy debris hit 7 World Trade Center, damaging the south face of the
building[30]:18 (PDF p. 22) and starting fires that continued to burn throughout the afternoon.[6]:16, 18 The collapse also caused
damage to the southwest corner between Floors 7 and 17 and on the south face between Floor 44 and the roof; other possible
structural damage included a large vertical gash near the center of the south face between Floors 24 and 41.[6]:17 The building was
equipped with a sprinkler system, but had many single-point vulnerabilities for failure: the sprinkler system required manual
initiation of the electrical fire pumps, rather than being a fully automatic system; the floor-level controls had a single connection to
the sprinkler water riser; and the sprinkler system required some power for the fire pump to deliver water.[31]:11 Additionally, water
pressure was low, with little or no water to feed sprinklers.[32]:23–30
After the North Tower collapsed, some firefighters entered 7 World Trade Center to
search the building. They attempted to extinguish small pockets of fire, but low
water pressure hindered their efforts.[33] Over the course of the day, fires burned out
of control on several floors of 7 World Trade Center, the flames visible on the east
side of the building.[34] During the afternoon, the fire was also seen on floors 6–10,
13–14, 19–22, and 29–30.[30]:24 (PDF p. 28) In particular, the fires on floors 7
through 9 and 11 through 13 continued to burn out of control during the afternoon.[7]
There were no casualties associated with the collapse.[38] NIST found no evidence to supportconspiracy theories such as the collapse
being the result of explosives; it found that a combination of factors including physical damage, fire and the building's unusual
construction set off a chain-reaction collapse.[40]
In May 2002, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) issued a
report on the collapse based on a preliminary investigation conducted jointly
with the Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil
Engineers under leadership of Dr. W. Gene Corley, P.E. FEMA made
preliminary findings that the collapse was not primarily caused by actual
impact damage from the collapse of 1 WTC and 2 WTC but by fires on
multiple stories ignited by debris from the other two towers that continued
burning unabated due to lack of water for sprinklers or manual firefighting.
Schematic view of collapse progression, The report did not reach conclusions about the cause of the collapse and called
with structural failure initiating on lower for further investigation.[19]:3
floors, on the east side of the building and
vertical progression up to the east Subsequently, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was
mechanical penthouse authorized to lead an investigation into the structural failure andcollapse of the
World Trade Center Twin Towers and 7 World Trade Center.[7] The
investigation, led by Dr S. Shyam Sunder, drew upon in-house technical
expertise as well as the knowledge of several outside private institutions, including the Structural Engineering Institute of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (SEI/ASCE); the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE); the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA); the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC); the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
ork (SEAoNY).[41]
(CTBUH); and the Structural Engineers Association of New Y
The bulk of the investigation of 7 World Trade Center was delayed until after reports were completed on the Twin Towers.[7] In the
meantime, NIST provided a preliminary report about 7 WTC in June 2004, and thereafter released occasional updates on the
investigation.[30] According to NIST, the investigation of 7 World Trade Center was delayed for a number of reasons, including that
NIST staff who had been working on 7 World Trade Center were assigned full-time from June 2004 to September 2005 to work on
the investigation of the collapse of the Twin Towers.[42] In June 2007, Shyam
Sunder explained,
In November 2008, NIST released its final report on the causes of the collapse of
7 World Trade Center.[6] This followed NIST's August 21, 2008, draft report which
included a period for public comments,[7] and was followed in 2012 by a peer-
reviewed summary in the Journal of Structural Engineering.[44] In its investigation,
NIST utilized ANSYS to model events leading up to collapse initiation and LS-
DYNA models to simulate the global response to the initiating events.[45]:6–7 NIST
determined that diesel fuel did not play an important role, nor did the structural
damage from the collapse of the Twin Towers or the transfer elements (trusses,
girders, and cantilever overhangs). The lack of water to fight the fire was an
important factor. The fires burned out of control during the afternoon, causing floor
BMCC's Fiterman Hall was heavily beams near column 79 to expand and push a key girder off its seat, triggering the
damaged from the collapse of floors to fail around column 79 on Floors 8 to 14. With a loss of lateral support
7 World Trade Center. across nine floors, column 79 buckled – pulling the east penthouse and nearby
columns down with it. With the buckling of these critical columns, the collapse then
progressed east-to-west across the core, ultimately overloading the perimeter
support, which buckled between Floors 7 and 17, causing the remaining portion of the building above to fall downward as a single
unit. The fires, which were fueled by office contents and burned for 7 hours, along with the lack of water, were the key reasons for
the collapse.[6]:21–22 Incidentally, this made the old 7 WTC the only steel skyscraper at the time to have collapsed from fire.
When 7 WTC collapsed, debris caused substantial damage and contamination to the Borough of Manhattan Community College's
Fiterman Hall building, located adjacent at 30 West Broadway, to the extent that the building was not salvageable.[46] A revised plan
called for demolition in 2009 and completion of the new Fiterman Hall in 2012, at a cost of $325 million.[47] The adjacent Verizon
Building, an art deco building constructed in 1926, had extensive damage to its east facade from the collapse of 7 World Trade
Center, though it was able to be restored at a cost of US$1.4 billion.
Files relating to numerous federal investigations had been housed in 7 World Trade Center. The Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission estimated over 10,000 of its cases were affected.[49] Investigative files in the Secret Service's largest field office were
lost, with one Secret Service agent saying, "All the evidence that we stored at 7 World Trade, in all our cases, went down with the
building."[50] Copies of emails in connection with the WorldCom scandal that were later requested by the SEC from Salomon
Brothers, a subsidiary of Citigroup housed in the building, were also destroyed.[51]
The NIST report found no evidence supporting the conspiracy theories that 7 World
Trade Center was brought down by controlled demolition. Specifically, the window
breakage pattern and blast sounds that would have resulted from the use of
explosives were not observed.[6]:26–28 The suggestion that an incendiary material
such as thermite was used instead of explosives was considered unlikely by NIST
because of observations of the fire and the building's structural response to the fire,
and because it is unlikely the necessary quantity of material could have been planted
without discovery.[7] Based on its investigation, NIST reiterated several
recommendations it had made in its earlier report on the collapse of the Twin
Towers.[6]:63–73 It urged immediate action on a further recommendation: that fire
resistance should be evaluated under the assumption that sprinklers are
unavailable;[6]:65–66 and that the effects of thermal expansion on floor support
Aerial view of WTC remains and
systems be considered.[6]:65, 69 Recognizing that current building codes are drawn
neighboring buildings after 9/11, with
to prevent loss of life rather than building collapse, the main point of NIST's the original footprints of the Twin
recommendations was that buildings should not collapse from fire even if sprinklers Towers and 7 WTC outlined
are unavailable.[6]:63–73
New building
The new 7 World Trade Center has 52 stories and is 741 ft (226 m) tall.[52] The building
has 42 floors of leasable space, starting at the 11th floor, and a total of 1,700,000 sq ft
(160,000 m2) of office space.[53] The first ten floors house an electrical substation
which provides power to much of Lower Manhattan. The office tower has a narrower
footprint at ground level than did its predecessor, so the course of Greenwich Street
could be restored to reuniteTriBeCa and the Financial District.[54]
David Childs of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill worked in conjunction with glass artist
and designer James Carpenter to create a design that uses ultra-clear, low-iron glass to
provide reflectivity and light, with stainless-steel spandrels behind the glass to help
reflect sunlight.[55] Stainless steel used in the building façade is molybdenum-
Preliminary site plans for the
containing Type 316, which provides improved resistance to corrosion.[56] To enclose
World Trade Center rebuild
the power substation and improve its aesthetics, the base of the building has a curtain
wall with stainless steel louvers that provide ventilation for the machinery.[57] During
the day, the curtain wall reflects light, while at night it is illuminated with blue LED
lights.[58] The curtain wall around the lobby uses heavily laminated, heat-strengthened
glass that meets high standards for blast resistance.[59] At night, a large cube of light
above the lobby also emanates blue light, while during the day it provides white light to
the lobby, and at dusk it transitions to violet and back to blue.[60] Inside the main lobby,
artist Jenny Holzer created a large light installation with glowing text moving across
wide plastic panels.[55] The entire wall, which is 65 ft (20 m) wide and 14 ft (4.3 m)
tall, changes color according to the time of day. Holzer worked with Klara Silverstein,
the wife of Larry Silverstein, to select poetry for the art installation. The wall is
structurally fortified as a security measure.[61]
The building is being promoted as the safest skyscraper in the U.S.[62] According to
Silverstein Properties, the owner of the building, it "incorporate[s] a host of life-safety
enhancements that will become the prototype for new high-rise construction."[63] The
building has 2-foot-thick (0.61 m) reinforced-concrete and fireproofed elevator and
stairway access shafts. The original building used only drywall to line these shafts.[64]
The stairways are wider than in the original building to permit faster egress.
7 World Trade Center is equipped with Otis destination elevators.[65] After pressing a
destination floor number on a lobby keypad, passengers are grouped and directed to
specific elevators that will stop at the selected floor (there are no buttons to press inside
the elevators). This system is designed to reduce elevator waiting and travel times. The
elevator system is integrated with the lobby turnstile and card reader system that
identifies the floor on which a person works as he or she enters and can automatically
call the elevator for that floor.[66]
Nearly 30 percent of structural steel used in the building consists of recycled steel.[67]
Rainwater is collected and used for irrigation of the park and to cool the building.[55]
The new 7 World Trade Center Along with other sustainable design features, the building is designed to allow in plenty
from the ground of natural light, power is metered to tenants to encourage them to conserve energy, the
heating steam is reused to generate some power for the building, and recycled materials
are used for insulation and interior materials.[68]
The construction phase of the new 7 World Trade Center began on May 7, 2002, with
the installation of a fence around the construction site.[1] Tishman Construction
Corporation of New York began work at the new 7 World Trade Center in 2002, soon
after the site was cleared of debris. Restoring the Con Ed electrical substation was an
urgent priority to meet power demands of Lower Manhattan.[54] Because 7 World Trade
Center is separate from the main 16-acre (6.5 ha) World Trade Center site, Larry
Silverstein required approval from only the Port Authority, and rebuilding was able to
proceed quickly.[69] Building Seven was not included in the original W
orld Trade Center
master plan by Daniel Libeskind, but was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
under the leadership ofDavid Childs, who largely redesigned One World Trade Center.
Once construction of the power substation was complete in October 2003, work
proceeded on building the office tower. An unusual approach was used in constructing
the building; erecting the steel frame before adding the concrete core. This approach
7 World Trade Center
allowed the construction schedule to be shortened by a few months.[70] Construction
construction in October 2004
was completed in 2006 at a cost of $700 million.[55] Though Silverstein received
$861 million from insurance on the old building, he owed more than $400 million on its
mortgage.[71] Costs to rebuild were covered by $475 million in Liberty Bonds, which provide tax-exempt financing to help stimulate
rebuilding in Lower Manhattan and insurance money that remained after other expenses.
A 15,000 sq ft (1,400 m2) triangular park was created between the extended Greenwich Street and West Broadway by David Childs
with Ken Smith and his colleague, Annie Weinmayr, of Ken Smith Landscape Architect. The park comprises an open central plaza
with a fountain and flanking groves of sweetgum trees and boxwood shrubs.[73] At the center of the fountain, sculptor Jeff Koons
created Balloon Flower (Red), whose mirror-polished stainless steel representsa twisted balloon in the shape of a flower.[74]
The building was officially opened at noon on May 23, 2006, with a free concert featuring Suzanne Vega, Citizen Cope, Bill Ware
Vibes, Brazilian Girls, Ollabelle, Pharaoh's Daughter, Ronan Tynan (of the Irish Tenors), and special guest Lou Reed.[75] Prior to
opening, in March 2006, the new 7 World Trade Center frontage and lobby were used in scenes for the movie Perfect Stranger with
Halle Berry and Bruce Willis.[76]
Since the building opened, several unleased upper floors have been used for events such as charity lunches, fashion shows, and black-
tie galas. Silverstein Properties allowed space in the new building to be used for these events as a means to draw people to see the
building.[77] From September 8 to October 7, 2006, the work of photographer Jonathan Hyman was displayed in "An American
Landscape", a free exhibit hosted by the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation at 7 World Trade Center. The photographs
captured the response of people in New York City and across the United States after the September 11, 2001, attacks. The exhibit
took place on the 45th floor while the space remained available for lease.
The space occupied by Mansueto Ventures has been designed to use the
New York Academy of Sciencesoffice maximum amount of natural light and has an open floor plan.[86] The space
(lobby) on the 40th floor used by the New York Academy of Sciences on the 40th floor, designed by H3
Hardy Collaboration Architecture, works with the parallelogram shape of the
building. Keeping with the green design of the building, the NYAS uses
recycled materials in many of the office furnishings, has zoned heating and cooling, and lights that detect motion, coming on
automatically only when people are present, and adjust according to incoming sunlight.
Silverstein Properties also has offices and the Silver Suites executive office suites[88] in 7 World Trade Center, along with office
space used by the architectural and engineering firms working on 1 World Trade Center, 150 Greenwich Street, 175 Greenwich
Street, and 200 Greenwich Street.[89] The building became fully leased in September 2011 when MSCI Inc. was reported to have
leased a 125,000-square-foot space on the top floor
See also
List of tallest buildings in New York City
World Trade Center in popular culture
1. Bagli, Charles V. (May 8, 2002). "As a Hurdle Is Cleared, Building Begins At Ground Zero"(https://www.nytimes.com/
2002/05/08/nyregion/as-a-hurdle-is-cleared-building-begins-at-ground-zero.html). The New York Times. Retrieved
August 16, 2009.
2. "7 World Trade Center - The Skyscraper Center"(https://web.archive.org/web/20130420030516/http://skyscrapercen
ter.com/new-york-city/7-world-trade-center). Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Archived from the original
(http://skyscrapercenter.com/new-york-city/7-world-trade-center) on April 20, 2013.
3. 7 World Trade Center (https://www.som.com/project/7-world-trade-center) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/201
31211193617/https://www.som.com/project/7-world-trade-center) December 11, 2013, at theWayback Machine.,
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
4. Building Tenants (http://silversteinproperties.com/commercial/7-world-trade-center/)Archived (https://web.archiv
nter) February 5, 2017, at theWayback Machine., Silverstein Properties
"7 World Trade Center" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170205085010/https://www .silversteinproperties.com/co
mmercial-office-space-nyc/7-world-trade-center). Silverstain Properties. Archived fromthe original (http://silverste
inproperties.com/commercial/7-world-trade-center/)on February 5, 2017.
5. Gilsanz, Ramon; Edward M. DePaola; Christopher Marrion; Harold "Bud" Nelson (May 2002). "WTC7 (Chapter 5)".
World Trade Center Building Performance Study (http://www.fema.gov/pdf/library/fema403_ch5.pdf) (PDF). FEMA.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080305201707/http://www .fema.gov/pdf/library/fema403_ch5.pdf)(PDF)
from the original on March 5, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
6. NIST NCSTAR1-A: Final Report on the Collapse of World Trade Center Building 7 (http://ws680.nist.gov/publication/
get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=861610)(PDF). NIST. November 2008. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2011072105582
0/http://wtc.nist.gov/NCSTAR1/PDF/NCSTAR%201A.pdf) (PDF) from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved
July 11, 2011.
7. "Questions and Answers about the NIST WTC 7 Investigation"(https://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/factsheet/wtc_qa_
082108.cfm). NIST. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100827120252/https://www .nist.gov/public_affairs/facts
heet/wtc_qa_082108.cfm)from the original on August 27, 2010. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
8. Rudin, Mike (July 4, 2008)."9/11 third tower mystery 'solved'" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7485331.stm). BBC News.
Retrieved September 11, 2014.
9. "About the WTC" (http://www.wtc.com/about/office-tower-7/office-tower-7-green). Wtc.com. Archived (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20110528045715/http://www .wtc.com/about/office-tower-7/office-tower-7-green) from the original on
May 28, 2011. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
10. Lew, H.S.; Bukowski, Richard W.; Nicholas J. Carino (September 2005).Design, Construction, and Maintenance of
Structural and Life Safety Systems (NCSTAR 1-1). National Institute of Standards and T
echnology (NIST). p. 13.
11. "Seven World Trade Center (pre-9/11)"(http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=114932). Emporis.com. Retrieved
May 7, 2006.
12. "History of the World Trade Center" (https://www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/history-wtc.html). Port Authority of New
York and New Jersey. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
13. McAllister, T. P.; Gann, R. G.; Averill, J. D.; Gross, J. L.; Grosshandler, W. L.; Lawson, J. R.; McGrattan, K. B.; Pitts,
W. M.; Prasad, K. R.; Sadek, F. H.; Nelson, H. E. (August 2008).Structural Fire Response and Probable Collapse
Sequence of World Trade Center Building 7 (Volume 1). Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World
Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1–9) (https://www.nist.gov/manuscript-publication-search.cfm?pub_id=90925
6). National Institute of Standards and T echnology (NIST). pp. 9–45. Retrieved September 1, 2011.
14. Salvarinas, John J. (1986).Seven World Trade Center, New York, Fabrication and Construction Aspects.
Proceedings of the 1986 Canadian Structural Engineering Conference. Vancouver: Canadian Steel Construction
15. Lew, H.S. (September 2005). "NIST NCSTAR 1-1: Design, Construction, and Maintenanceof Structural and Life
Safety Systems". Final Reports of the Federal Building and Fire Investigation of the Worldrade
T Center Disaster (htt
p://www.fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/fire05/PDF/f05155.pdf) (PDF). NIST. pp. xxxvii. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
16. Milke, James (Spring 2003)."Study of Building Performance in the WTC Disaster"(http://fpemag.com/archives/articl
e.asp?issue_id=14&i=183&p=1). Fire Protection Engineering. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2008021201492
6/http://fpemag.com/archives/article.asp?issue_id=14&i=183&p=1)from the original on February 12, 2008. Retrieved
February 17, 2008.
17. Grill, Raymond A.; Johnson, Duane A. (September 2005). "NIST NCST AR 1-1J: Documentation of the Fuel System
for Emergency Power in World Trade Center 7". Final Reports of the Federal Building and Fire Investigation of the
World Trade Center Disaster (http://www.fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/fire05/PDF/f05137.pdf) (PDF). NIST. Retrieved
August 26, 2010.
18. Glanz, James; Lipton, Eric (December 20, 2001)."City Had Been Warned of Fuel Tank at 7 World Trade Center"
-world-trade.html). The New York Times. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20071128053719/http://query
mes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C02EEDD103EF933A15751C1A9679C8B63) from the original on November
28, 2007. Retrieved November 21, 2007.
Barrett, Wayne (July 31, 2007). "Rudy Giuliani's 5 Big Lies About 9/11"(https://www.villagevoice.com/2007/07/3
1/rudy-giulianis-five-big-lies-about-911/). Village Voice.
Ruddy, Christopher (May 24, 2004)."Replying to Giuliani" (https://archive.is/20120629223609/http://archive.news
max.com/archives/articles/2004/5/23/204909.shtml). NewsMax. Archived fromthe original (http://www.newsmax.
com/archives/articles/2004/5/23/204909.shtml)on June 29, 2012. Retrieved June 12, 2007.
"Transcript: Rudy Giuliani on 'FNS'" (http://www.foxnews.com/story/2007/05/14/transcript-rudy-giuliani-on-fns.ht
ml). Fox News. May 14, 2007.Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20071010042606/http://www .foxnews.com/
story/0%2C2933%2C271917%2C00.html)from the original on October 10, 2007. Retrieved September 29, 2007.
"Then why did he say the building – he said it's not – the place in Brooklyn is not as visible a target as buildings
in Lower Manhattan"
Buettner, Russ (May 22, 2007)."Onetime Giuliani Insider Is Now a Critic"(https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/22/u
s/politics/22giuliani.html). The New York Times. Retrieved June 12, 2007.
"Giuliani Blames Aide for Poor Emergency Planning"(http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2007/05/guiliani_blames_aide
_for_poor_emergency_planning.html). New York Magazine. May 15, 2007. Archived (https://web.archive.org/we
ml) from the original on May 17, 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2007.
19. National Construction Safety Team Advisory Committee. "Meeting of the National Construction Safety e Tam
Advisory Committee, December 18, 2007"(https://web.archive.org/web/20170212100057/https://www .nist.gov/sites/
default/files/documents/el/disasterstudies/ncst/NCST ACMeetingMinutes121807.pdf)(PDF). Archived from the
original (https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/el/disasterstudies/ncst/NCSTACMeetingMinutes121807.p
df) (PDF) on February 12, 2017.
20. Horsley, Carter B (October 25, 1981)."Lower Manhattan Luring Office Developers" (https://www.nytimes.com/1981/1
0/25/realestate/lower-manhattan-luring-office-developers.html). The New York Times. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
21. "Al Held" (http://www.nga.gov.au/InternationalPrints/Tyler/Default.cfm?MnuID=3&ArtistIRN=11644&List=True).
National Gallery of Australia.Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20070609202609/http://www
rnationalPrints/Tyler/Default.cfm?MnuID=3&ArtistIRN=11644&List=True) from the original on June 9, 2007.
Retrieved May 29, 2007.
Plagens, Peter (April 17, 1989). "Is Bigger Necessarily Better?".Newsweek.
22. Scardino, Albert (July 11, 1986). "A Realty Gambler's Big Coup".The New York Times.
23. Scardino, Albert (December 3, 1986). "$3 Billion Of
fice Pact Canceled by Drexel".The New York Times.
24. Berg, Eric N (April 7, 1988)."Talking Deals; Developer Plays A Waiting Game" (https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/0
7/business/talking-deals-developer-plays-a-waiting-game.html) . The New York Times. Archived (https://web.archive.
260) from the original on March 25, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
25. Berkowitz, Harry (November 29, 1988). "Salomon to Move Downtown".
26. McCain, Mark (February 19, 1989)."The Salomon Solution; A Building Within a Building, at a Cost of $200 Million"(h
00-million.html). The New York Times. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20070319013655/http://query .nytimes.c
om/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DEFDD113BF93AA25751C0A96F948260) from the original on March 19, 2007.
Retrieved February 17, 2007.
27. "Building: 7 World Trade Center" (http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2001/trade.center/tenants7.html). CNN. 2001.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20071013023049/http://www .cnn.com/SPECIALS/2001/trade.center/tenants7.
html) from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved September 12, 2007.
28. Glanz, James; Eric Lipton (November 16, 2001)."Workers Shore Up Wall Keeping Hudson's Waters Out" (https://ww
ut.html). The New York Times. Retrieved October 18, 2008.
29. "CIA Lost Office In WTC: A secret office operated by the CIA was destroyed in the terroris
t attacks on the World
Trade Center, seriously disrupting intelligence operations'" (http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/11/05/archive/mai
n316911.shtml). CBSNews.com / AP. November 5, 2001. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
30. "Interim Report on WTC 7"(https://web.archive.org/web/20070809030232/http://wtc.nist.gov/progress_report_june0
4/appendixl.pdf) (PDF). Appendix L. National Institute of Standards and T
echnology. 2004. Archived from the original
(http://wtc.nist.gov/progress_report_june04/appendixl.pdf)(PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
31. Grosshandler, William. "Active Fire Protection Systems Issues"(http://ws680.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id
=101240) (PDF). NIST. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
32. Evans, David D (September 2005)."Active Fire Protection Systems"(http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/fire05/PDF/f05125.p
df) (PDF). NIST. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
33. "Oral Histories From Sept. 11 – Interview with Captain Anthony arriale"
V (http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/pd
f/nyregion/20050812_WTC_GRAPHIC/9110313.PDF)(PDF). The New York Times. December 12, 2001. Retrieved
August 22, 2007.
34. Spak, Steve (September 11, 2001).WTC 9-11-01 Day of Disaster(https://www.amazon.com/WTC-9-11-01-Day-
Of-Disaster/dp/B004S8MGFM)(Video). New York City: Steve Spak.
Scheuerman, Arthur (December 8, 2006)."The Collapse of Building 7"(https://web.archive.org/web/2007070310
1259/http://wtc.nist.gov/media/ScheuermanStatementDec2006.pdf)(PDF). NIST: 4. Archived from the original (ht
(PDF) on July 3, 2007. Retrieved June 29, 2007.
35. "WTC: This Is Their Story, Interview with Chief Peter Hayden" (http://www.firehouse.com/stateprovince/new-york/dep
uty-chief-peter-hayden). Firehouse.com. September 9, 2002.Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2011030611525
1/http://www.firehouse.com/stateprovince/new-york/deputy-chief-peter-hayden)from the original on March 6, 2011.
Retrieved March 3, 2011.
36. "WTC: This Is Their Story, Interview with Captain Chris Boyle" (http://www.firehouse.com/stateprovince/new-york/cap
tain-chris-boyle). Firehouse.com. August 2002.Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110410123825/http://www .fi
rehouse.com/stateprovince/new-york/captain-chris-boyle)from the original on April 10, 2011. Retrieved March 3,
37. "Oral Histories From Sept. 11 – Interview with Chief Daniel Nigro"(https://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/nyregio
n/20050812_WTC_GRAPHIC/Nigro_Daniel.txt) . The New York Times. October 24, 2001. Retrieved June 28, 2007.
38. Lipton, Eric (August 21, 2008)."Fire, Not Explosives, Felled 3rd Tower on 9/11, Report Says" (https://www.nytimes.c
om/2008/08/22/nyregion/22wtccnd.html). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362
-4331). Retrieved March 21, 2017.
39. CBS News (September 11, 2001).CBS Sept. 11, 2001 4:51 pm – 5:33 pm (September 11, 2001)(https://archive.or
g/details/cbs200109111651-1733)(Television). WUSA, CBS 9, Washington, D.C. – View footage (https://www.youtu
be.com/watch?v=4k6GMddY-lQ) on YouTube of the collapse captured by CBS.
40. "Debunking the 9/11 Myths: Special Report - The World Trade Center" (http://www.popularmechanics.com/military/a
6384/debunking-911-myths-world-trade-center/). Popular Mechanics. April 7, 2010. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
41. "World Trade Center Investigation Team Members" (https://www.nist.gov/el/disasterstudies/wtc/team_members.cf
m). National Institute of Standards and T
echnology (NIST). Retrieved November 21, 2011.
"Commerce's NIST Details Federal Investigation of W orld Trade Center Collapse" (https://www.nist.gov/public_af
fairs/releases/n02-14.cfm). National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). August 2002. Retrieved
November 21, 2011.
42. "Answers to Frequently Asked Questions"(http://wtc.nist.gov/pubs/factsheets/faqs_8_2006.htm). National Institute of
Standards and Technology. August 2006. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080214013343/http://wtc.nist.gov/
pubs/factsheets/faqs_8_2006.htm)from the original on February 14, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
43. Newman, Michael (June 29, 2007)."NIST Status Update on World Trade Center 7 Investigation"(https://www.nist.go
v/public_affairs/releases/wtc_062907.cfm)(Press release). National Institute of Standards and eTchnology. Archived
(https://web.archive.org/web/20100829055919/https://www .nist.gov/public_affairs/releases/wtc_062907.cfm)from
the original on August 29, 2010. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
44. McAllister, Therese; et al. (January 2012)."Analysis of Structural Response of WTC 7 to Fire and Sequential
Failures Leading to Collapse"(http://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/%28ASCE%29ST.1943-541X.0000398). Journal
of Structural Engineering. 138 (1). Retrieved 3 November 2017.
45. McAllister, Therese (December 12, 2006)."WTC 7 Technical Approach and Status Summary" (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20080305201833/http://wtc.nist.gov/media/WTC7_Approach_Summary12Dec06.pdf) (PDF). NIST. Archived
from the original (https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/el/disasterstudies/ncst/WTC7_Approach_Summa
ry12Dec06.pdf) (PDF) on March 5, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
46. "Fiterman Hall — Project Updates"(https://web.archive.org/web/20070912053422/http://www .lowermanhattan.info/c
onstruction/project_updates/fiterman_hall_39764.aspx) . Lower Manhattan Construction Command Center/LMDC.
Archived from the original (http://www.lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/fiterman_hall_39764.aspx)
on September 12, 2007. Retrieved August 23, 2007.
47. "Fiterman is Funded" (https://web.archive.org/web/20081228011105/http://www
d=720). BMCC News. November 17, 2008. Archived fromthe original (http://www.bmcc.cuny.edu/news/news.js
p?id=720) on December 28, 2008.
Agovino T (November 13, 2008)."Ground Zero building to be razed"(http://www.crainsnewyork.com/apps/pbcs.d
ll/article?AID=/20081113/FREE/811139992). Crain's New York Business.
48. "Verizon Building Restoration"(https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235016/http://newyork.construction.com/projec
ts/TopProjects04/Verizon.asp). New York Construction (McGraw Hill). Archived from the original (http://newyork.const
ruction.com/projects/TopProjects04/Verizon.asp) on September 26, 2007. Retrieved June 28, 2007.
49. "Federal Agencies: Re-Creating Lost Files"(http://www.nylawyer.com/login.php?source=/news/01/09/091401b)
. New
York Lawyer. September 14, 2001. Retrieved July 9, 2008.
50. "Ground Zero for the Secret Service"(https://web.archive.org/web/20060701080136/http://www .g4tv.com/techtvvault/
features/27904/Ground_Zero_for_the_Secret_Service.html) . July 23, 2002. Archived fromthe original (http://www.g4
tv.com/techtvvault/features/27904/Ground_Zero_for_the_Secret_Service.html)on July 1, 2006. Retrieved July 9,
51. "Citigroup Facing Subpoena in IPO Probe"(https://web.archive.org/web/20080621205232/http://www .thestreet.com/
markets/matthewgoldstein/10036925.html). The Street. Archived from the original (http://www.thestreet.com/markets/
matthewgoldstein/10036925.html)on June 21, 2008. Retrieved July 9, 2008.
52. "7 World Trade Center" (http://www.wtc.com/about/office-tower-7). World Trade Center. Archived (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20091230021527/http://www .wtc.com/about/office-tower-7) from the original on December 30,
2009. Retrieved January 9, 2010.
Ramirez, Anthony (September 30, 2004)."Construction Worker Dies in Fall at Trade Center Site" (https://www.ny
. The New York Times. Retrieved May 20, 2008.
53. "Seven World Trade Center (post-9/11)"(http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=170407). Emporis.com. Retrieved
November 22, 2007.
54. Dunlap, David W (April 11, 2002)."21st-Century Plans, but Along 18th-Century Paths"(https://www.nytimes.com/200
. The New York Times. Archived (http
57C0A9649C8B63) from the original on March 25, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
55. "Major Step at Ground Zero: 7 World Trade Center Opening" (https://web.archive.org/web/20060522024049/http://ar
chrecord.construction.com/news/wtc/archives/060517opening.asp) . Architectural Record. May 17, 2006. Archived
from the original (http://archrecord.construction.com/news/wtc/archives/060517opening.asp) on May 22, 2006.
Retrieved February 17, 2008.
56. Houska, Catherine (January 2004). "New 7 W
orld Trade Center Uses Type 316 Stainless Steel".International
Molybdenum Association News Letter: 4–6.
57. Blum, Andrew (March 28, 2006)."A World of Light and Glass"(https://web.archive.org/web/20080324231124/http://w
spotlight). BusinessWeek. Archived from the original (http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/mar2006/id200
60328_770161.htm?chan=innovation_architecture_product+spotlight)on March 24, 2008. Retrieved February 17,
58. Marpillero, Sandro; Frampton, Kenneth; Schlaich, Jorg (2006).James Carpenter: Environmental Refractions.
Princeton Architectural Press. pp. 55–70.ISBN 1-56898-608-4.
59. Garmhausen, Steve (November 16, 2004)."Curtain (Wall) Time" (https://web.archive.org/web/20050225083353/htt
p://www.theslatinreport.com/top_story.jsp?StoryName=1116curtains.txt). Slatin Report. Archived fromthe original (htt
p://www.theslatinreport.com/top_story.jsp?StoryName=1116curtains.txt)on February 25, 2005. Retrieved
February 25, 2005.
60. "7 World Trade Center — Outstanding Achievement, Exterior Lighting"(https://web.archive.org/web/2008032109351
6/http://www.architectmagazine.com/industry-news.asp?sectionID=1325&articleID=554018) . Architectural Lighting
Magazine. July 1, 2007. Archived fromthe original (http://www.architectmagazine.com/industry-news.asp?sectionID=
1325&articleID=554018)on March 21, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
61. Collins, Glenn (March 6, 2006). "At Ground Zero, Art Pact Results In W
all of Words". The New York Times.
62. "Downtown Construction and Building Information"(https://web.archive.org/web/20060517100513/http://www .lowerm
anhattan.info/construction/project_updates/7_world_trade_center_75464.asp). Lower Manhattan Construction
Command Center. Archived from the original (http://www.lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/7_world_
trade_center_75464.asp#activities)on May 17, 2006. Retrieved May 22, 2006.
63. "Silverstein Properties Names CB Richard Ellis to Serve as Exclusive Leasing Agent for 7 oWrld Trade Center"
(Press release). Silverstein Properties. September 28, 2004.
64. Reiss, Matthew (March 2003)."Shortcuts to Safety" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183820/http://www .skyscr
apersafety.org/html/article_20040309.html). Metropolis Magazine / Skyscraper Safety Campaign . Archived from the
original (http://www.skyscrapersafety.org/html/article_20040309.html)on March 3, 2016. Retrieved February 17,
65. Angwin, Julia (November 19, 2006). "No-button elevators take orders in lobby".
Charleston Gazette (West Virginia).
66. Kretkowski, Paul (March 2007)."First Up" (https://web.archive.org/web/20071013193735/http://www .architechmag.c
om/articles/detail.aspx?contentID=3608). ARCHI-TECH. Archived fromthe original (http://www.architechmag.com/art
icles/detail.aspx?contentID=3608)on October 13, 2007. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
67. Pogrebin, Robin (April 16, 2006). "How Green Is My oTwer?". The New York Times.
68. DePalma, Anthony (January 20, 2004)."At Ground Zero, Rebuilding With Nature in Mind"(https://www.nytimes.com/
. The New York Times. Archived (https://we
A9629C8B63) from the original on March 26, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
69. Bagli, Charles V (January 31, 2002)."Developer's Pace at 7 World Trade Center Upsets Some"(https://www.nytime
s.com/2002/01/31/nyregion/developer-s-pace-at-7-world-trade-center-upsets-some.html) . The New York Times.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080325201844/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E4DD1
F3AF932A05752C0A9649C8B63)from the original on March 25, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
70. Post, Nadine M (September 12, 2005)."Strategy for Seven World Trade Center Exceeds Expectations"(https://web.
archive.org/web/20051210044447/http://archrecord.construction.com/news/wtc/archives/050912seven.asp) .
Engineering News Record. Archived from the original (http://archrecord.construction.com/news/wtc/archives/050912
seven.asp) on December 10, 2005. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
71. Herman, Eric (May 31, 2002). "No T
enants for New 7 WTC, Construction to Begin with Financing in Doubt".Daily
News (New York).
72. Pristin, Terry (July 12, 2006). "A Pot of Tax-Free Bonds for Post-9/11 Projects Is Empty" (https://www.nytimes.com/2
006/07/12/realestate/12liberty.html). The New York Times. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
73. Collins, Glenn (July–August 2006)."A Prism with Prose — Seven World Trade Center" (https://web.archive.org/web/
20080225092859/http://www.nyas.org/publications/updateUnbound.asp?updateID=66). Update Unbound. New York
Academy of Science. Archived fromthe original (http://www.nyas.org/publications/updateUnbound.asp?updateID=6
6) on February 25, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
74. Dunlap, David W (May 24, 2006)."Luster of 7 World Trade Center Has Tattered Reminder of 9/11" (https://www.nyti
mes.com/2006/05/24/nyregion/247wtc.html). The New York Times. Retrieved March 20, 2017.
75. "7 World Trade Center Opens with Musical Fanfare"(https://web.archive.org/web/20070809115805/http://www .lower
manhattan.info/news/7_world_trade_center_50451.aspx) . Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC). May
22, 2006. Archived fromthe original (http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/7_world_trade_center_50451.aspx)on
August 9, 2007. Retrieved July 27, 2007.
76. "Under Cover, Tower 7 is no 'Stranger' to fame"(http://www.downtownexpress.com/de_149/undercover.html).
Downtown Express. March 2006.Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080221224329/http://www .downtownexpr
ess.com/de_149/undercover.html) from the original on February 21, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
77. Birkner, Gabrielle (May 14, 2007)."The City's Hottest Event Space? Try 7 World Trade Center" (http://www.nysun.co
m/article/54369?page_no=2). New York Sun. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
78. "WTC Memorial Foundation Announces Photography Exhibitions to Mark 5th Anniversary of 9/11" (https://web.archiv
=1881) (PDF) (Press release). World Trade Center Memorial Foundation. August 7, 2006. Archived fromthe original
(http://www.buildthememorial.org/site/DocServer/5th_Anniversary_Exhibitions.pdf?docID=1881)(PDF) on
September 27, 2007. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
79. Spitz, Rebecca (August 31, 2006)."9/11: Five Years Later: 7 World Trade Open For Business, Lacking Tenants" (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/20080215011910/http://www .ny1.com/ny1/content/index.jsp?stid=203&aid=62235). NY1
News. Archived from the original (http://www.ny1.com/ny1/content/index.jsp?stid=203&aid=62235) on February 15,
2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
80. "Moody's signs on dotted line at 7WTC"(http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Moody's+signs+on+dotted+line+at+7WT
C.-a0152640728). Real Estate Weekly. September 20, 2006.
"Pricey Midtown Rents Mean Big Tenant for 7 WTC" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080221134128/http://gotham
ist.com/2006/06/20/pricey_midtown.php). Gothamist. June 20, 2006. Archived fromthe original (http://gothamist.
com/2006/06/20/pricey_midtown.php)on February 21, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
81. Pristin, Terry (February 28, 2007)."Lower Manhattan: A Relative Bargain but Filling Up Fast"(https://www.nytimes.co
m/2007/02/28/realestate/commercial/28downtown.html) . The New York Times. Retrieved March 20, 2017.
82. "Ameriprise Financial to lease 20,000 SF at 7 WTC"(http://ir.ameriprise.com/news.aspx?iid=113901&start=241&mod
e=1) (Press release). AmeriPrise Financial. January 4, 2006 . Retrieved April 30, 2010.
83. "Darby & Darby P.C. to move headquarters to 7 WTC"(https://web.archive.org/web/20061106174551/http://www .dar
bylaw.com/news/news_detail.asp?id=1932)(Press release). Darby & Darby. August 24, 2006. Archived from the
original (http://www.darbylaw.com/news/news_detail.asp?id=1932)on November 6, 2006.
84. "Mansueto Ventures signs lease at 7 World Trade Center to become the first corporate tenant to locate its national
headquarters in the building"(http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5604926/Mansueto-V entures-Signs-Lease-a
t.html#abstract) (Press release). Goliath. July 26, 2006.Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080321092121/htt
p://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-5604926/Mansueto-V entures-Signs-Lease-at.html)from the original on March
21, 2008. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
85. "New York Academy of Sciences Signs Lease at 7 WTC" (http://www.nyas.org/about/newsDetails.asp?newsID=210).
New York Academy of Sciences. December 16, 2005. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080225104715/http://
www.nyas.org/about/newsDetails.asp?newsID=210) from the original on February 25, 2008. Retrieved February 17,
86. Wilson, Claire (May 13, 2007)."An Open, Sunlit Space At 7 World Trade Center" (https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/
13/realestate/commercial/13sqft.html). The New York Times. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
87. H3 Hardy Collaboration Architecture (2007).The New York Academy of Sciences (brochure). H3 Hardy
Collaboration Architecture.
88. Levere, Jane (January 29, 2013)."Seeing Big Promise in Manhattan Corporate Apartments"(https://www.nytimes.co
The New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
89. Dunlap, David W (January 25, 2007)."What a View to Behold, And It's Really Something" (https://www.nytimes.c
om/2007/01/25/nyregion/25blocks.html). The New York Times.
Dunlap,, David W (January 18, 2007)."Behind the Scenes, Three Towers Take Shape" (https://www.nytimes.co
m/2007/01/18/nyregion/18blocks.html). The New York Times.
90. Cuozzo, Steve (September 19, 2011)."7 World Trade Center fully leased"(https://nypost.com/2011/09/19/7-world-tr
ade-center-fully-leased/). New York Post.
External links
World Trade Center SilversteinProperties.com
7 World Trade Center on CTBUH Skyscraper Center


text:
Use the tools at left to search for and filter publications.
Use the tools at bottom to search for and filter publications.
Current search
- (-) Remove Asset Building filter Asset Building
- (-) Remove School Readiness filter School Readiness
- (-) Remove Veterans filter Veterans
Showing items 0 to 0 of 0

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|EPIC-Norfolk: Publications
|(with selected papers relating to the international EPIC study)
For all papers, the button provides a direct link to the relevant journal, where available. The journal website will generally show the abstract.
The button links to a full text version of a paper, if one is available. All of the full text links will work if you have a cam.ac.uk IP address, but some may not work from other institutions. Some of the full text versions are in Adobe Acrobat format.
For books, the button links to the amazon.co.uk entry.
Clicking on the
button takes you to our page giving futher details of selected papers.
{van Wijk} Diederik F., Boekholdt S Matthijs, Arsenault Benoit J., Ahmadi-Abhari Sara, Wareham Nicholas J., Stroes Erik S G., Khaw Kay-Tee. (2016) C-Reactive Protein Identifies Low-Risk Metabolically Healthy Obese Persons: The {Europe}an Prospective Investigation of Cancer-Norfolk Prospective Population Study. J Am Heart Assoc 5 (6):.
{van Wijk} Diederik F., Boekholdt S Matthijs, Wareham Nicholas J., Ahmadi-Abhari Sara, Kastelein John J P., Stroes Erik S G., Khaw Kay-Tee. (2013) C-reactive protein, fatal and nonfatal coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease in the prospective EPIC-Norfolk cohort study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 33 (12):2888-2894.
Diederik F van Wijk, Sander I van Leuven, Manjinder S Sandhu, Michael W Tanck, Barbara A Hutten, Nicholas J Wareham, John J P Kastelein, Erik S G Stroes, Kay-Tee Khaw, S. Matthijs Boekholdt. (2010) Chemokine ligand 2 genetic variants, serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels, and the risk of coronary artery disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30 (7):1460-1466.


text:
Our excel programmer created niche website that is more advance and more reliable.
With us you can get excellent highness and can achieve a new height of success. We are passionate about delivering all projects on time.
We serve you user friendly admin panel, user friendly website, fully SEO update website and after successfully launching your website you can update it according to your choices.
Our developer has created standard that are making us one step ahead from all competitor and help us to create a great website.
We work on all new technology, all norms and regulation are requisite by our extreme dedicated developer.


text: Everyone's talking about CBD oil (cannabidiol), but what exactly are the benefits? Does it make you feel "high"? Does it even work? Do I need a medical marijuana card in order to get it? Luckily, now that Body In Motion carries Elixinol CBD Hemp Oil Supplements, we can answer some of your questions about CBD and give you the proper information to see if this supplement is right for you.Read More


text:
Bombardier, Inc. (TSX:BBD.B): Could This Stock Bounce Back in 2019?
A new investing year has arrived and investors are sifting through the carnage of 2018 to find beaten-up stocks that might be poised for a rebound.
Let's take a look at Bombardier (TSX:BBD.B) to see if it deserves to be on your buy list right now.
Wild ride
Bombardier started 2018 at $3 per share and slowly moved higher through the first half of the year, topping $5.40 in July. Investors who bought the stock at the 2016 low near $0.80 per looked like investing wizards, and some analysts even started to get bullish on the company's outlook.
What happened?
Cost overruns and delayed revenue had put Bombardier in a rough financial position, and despite US$2.5 billion in commitments from Quebec and the province's pension plan, the company appeared to be in trouble at the start of 2016. Bombardier shelved the dividend and brought in new management to turn the situation around. A last minute order from Air Canada followed by another purchase from Delta Air Lines put a floor under the stock and led to the rally.
Airbus took control of 50.1% of Bombardier's CSeries program at the start of July 2018. Bombardier had struggled to find buyers willing to pay a reasonable price for the new planes, which was largely due to the lengthy delays in getting the jets produced and delivered to early buyers. Investors hoped the newly named A220 jets would enjoy a surge in demand from global airlines once the business was added to the Airbus fleet. This led to a surge in the stock to the 2018 high.
Unfortunately, Bombardier then went off the rails in the back half of the year.
The anticipated surge in orders for the A220 did not materialize. When Bombardier reported its Q3 2018 results, it also became evident that more work is required on the turnaround program. Management had done a good job of convincing the market the company was making good progress on its plan, and while the company has taken important steps to improve the overall situation, it is still burning through cash at a faster clip than some analysts expected.
In addition, Bombardier announced plans to cut 5,000 jobs, which hasn't helped to boost investor confidence.
The stock's decline then picked up speed on reports of an investigation into an executive stock sale program, and the share price hit a 2018 closing low of $1.67 on November 16. Bombardier is starting 2019 at roughly $2 per share.
Train division
The rail division recently won a bid to supply New Jersey with light rail transport vehicles. The deal provides hope that American cities are willing to give the company another chance. Bombardier has historically done well in the United States, but it lost bids in Boston and Chicago to Chinese firms in the past couple of years.
Manufacturing problems and extended delivery delays on a contract to supply the Toronto Transit commission (TTC) have potentially hurt the company in its quest for further deals. In early 2018, Montreal decided to go with Alstom for its light-rail expansion; later in the year Via Rail announced it will give a $1 billion contract to rival Siemens.
Should you buy?
Bombardier says it has corrected manufacturing problems in the rail business and Airbus should eventually secure large international orders for the A220. As a result, better days should be on the horizon.
However, Bombardier is carrying US$9.5 billion in debt with large chunks coming due starting in 2020. This means that Bombardier will have to start refinancing in 2019, and the pressure to become cash flow positive will ramp up in the coming quarters.
If you're of the opinion the company is getting back on track, this might be an opportune time to take a small contrarian position in the stock. The previous surge in the stock price off the 2016 low is evidence of the upside potential when sentiment shifts.
That said, Bombardier has an unfortunate tendency to disappoint. Things could very well improve in 2019, but I would probably search for other opportunities today.
This Stock Could Be Like Buying Netflix for $1.87
If you've ever had to spend any time on the phone with your cable company…you won't be surprised to hear that Canadians are abandoning cable in droves.
And it's setting up an enormous opportunity for investors smart enough to act now.
And today is your chance to find out all about this remarkable moment in media history... Because some investors believe one tiny company is poised to profit no matter who wins.
Could this stock be the next Netflix? Click here to Learn More
Fool contributor Andrew Walker has no position in any stock mentioned.


text:
Why iPhone screen has lines and dead pixels after screen replacement?
Hi, I have an iPhone 4S that was recently dropped and the screen got cracked. Everything was working, just the digitizer was cracked.. I got a new display and after the reassembly the screen had various lines, which were flickering, but the phone itself was working, I could get calls, talk with Siri, use camera, but I couldn't see anything because of the background and by the way there were like some pixels that were out. After I figured out I can't see threw the screen, I putted back the first, cracked screen into and everything was working. Can you tell me is it the new screen problem or is it something else that I could have done with the new screen?
Thanks in advance.
Here is the picture of what I get: https://www.dropbox.com/s/ki4fap367038gy...
좋은 질문 입니까?


text:
New York (The Verge) — Watch the first trailer for the second and final season of Star Wars Resistance theverge.com/2019/8/14/2080….
Disney just released a trailer for the second and final season of its animated series Star Wars Resistance. We knew a second season was coming, but the trailer's big reveal is that the second season will be the show's last, hinting that it has some big things in store — like the appearance of Kylo Ren, the volatile leader of the imperialist First Order from The Force Awakens and The Last Jedi.
Star Wars Resistance follows a young Resistance pilot named Kazuda Xiono and the crew of the Colossus, a refueling station once controlled by the First Order. Today's trailer shows the crew of the Colossus fleeing from the First Order as Tam Ryvora, who defected from the Colossus to join the First Order at the end of the first season, begins her career as a TIE Fighter pilot. Disney says the second season takes place during the events of The Last Jedi and will lead up to the events of December's Rise of Skywalker. — Jay Peters/@verge
Source: verge, full story
New York ( @verge )
Watch the first trailer for the second and final season of Star Wars Resistance theverge.com/2019/8/14/2080… pic.twitter.com/zbrcBzMvbw


text:
It's a new year on the INCspotlight, and I want to start off with something that's been on my to-review list for quite a while - the 1985 Anne of Green Gables mini-series.
We open with Anne (with an "E") Shirley (Megan Follows) being returned to an orphanage by the abusive Hammond family that had taken her in only to treat her like a slave. Later, the elderly Marilla Cuthbert (Colleen Dewhurst) has arranged with that same orphanage to be sent a boy to work on their farm, Green Gables. She dispatches her brother Matthew (Richard Farnsworth) to the train station to pick him up, only to find the orphanage made a mistake and sent Anne instead. Unable to ditch Anne, Matthew takes her back to Green Gables, and Anne is enthralled by its beauty and the idea of having a loving home at last.


text:
I would like to create a pdf with an editable text field. In other words, a pdf that I can open in Adobe Reader and enter text at a specific location. Is this somehow possible with Mathematica ?
A form field like here:
If it works with a command line tool, that's also fine !
Here is code to generate a "white paper" without the text field of course:
paper = Graphics[{White, Rectangle[{0, 0}]}];
Export["test.pdf", paper]
EDIT: My platform is Windows 10. Any external software is fine, as long as it is free.
Thank you very much.


text:
Sex with animals in content. So what Tiny4K is all about? I'm a face man too. September 15th, Views: Reply in reply to 7drakkar1 Show the comment. Light skin male here ladies.
Henrietta. Age: 26. I am here to find people to share moments with, to build memories for both, to share a smile and a hug, a kind word and a glips of happiness...
Teen Porn Tube
The first one is more than obvious - you are here to see some tight sexy asses and wet pussies getting rammed. No Tattoos Noelle Noelle Easton Non-nude Nora Nora Star Norma Nubiles Kortny Nylons Nympho na nails naive naked naked ass naked brunette naked girl naked stepdaughter naked teen nanny nasty nat natalie native natural natural beauty natural big tits natural boobs natural breasts natural t natural tits natural-tits naturalbody naturals nature natutal-tits natyggrl naughty blonde naughty brunette naughty college naughty milf naughty stepsister naughty teen neck necklace need needs neighbor nekane nelson nerd nerdy nervous new newbie newbies nia-nicci nice nice ass nice ass blowjob nice blowjob nice body nice booty nice tits nicole niece night nile nina nine niples nipple nipple sucking nippled tits nirvana no no panties no-condom noisy north not home notty nubian nubile nude nudity nurse nurses nuru nylon nymph. Rough young sex with wonderful tattooed blonde teen. Exclusiev hungarian sex tube of the naughty chicks. Brunette teen learns about kinky anal sex and hot cumshots. NIce dare tubes with a hot sex on the couch with a cutie. Dark haired teen with a hot body gets buttfucked.
tiny tiny blonde takes biggest black cock! - CONTEMPORARYMASTERS.US
Horny teen babes adore group shagging of a cute hard cock dude. Brunette babe moaning loudly while getting hardcore anal fucking. Brunette teen learns about kinky anal sex and hot cumshots. Teens squirt so hard after sex, watch them at young squirt tube.
Description: Watch how teens pleasuring themselves at young-sex-tube. Two guys have sex with two hot sluts. X XXL lips Xander Corvus Xandra Sixx Xtras x porn video x videos xShoplyfter xhamster xhamster video xhasmetr xporn xvideo xvideos xvidoes xx video xxx xxx clip xxx movie xxx painful anal xxx porn xxx teen video xxx tube xxx video xxx videos. Sexy brunette loves hardcore fucking and gets shaved pussy pounded hard. Sex toy freak fills her pussy with a fake black dick.
Views: 5335 Date: 30.04.2017 Favorited: 5


text:
Watching your favorite Indian celebrity get stuffed with hard cock is exciting, even if some of the photos are fake! Her ass looks so hot when wearing a thong! Do you have any actress you would like to fantasize with xxx pics? Get ready to see some asses destroyed, pussy stretched, rough fucking and nasty sex! Aishwarya Rai is pretty good at giving blowjobs, judging by the filthy pics up above. Their skin is really smooth.
Each and every one of these picture sets was carefully selected just for your very own viewing pleasure, so all that is left for you is to browse and enjoy! She signed with one of the biggest porn companies in the world, Vivid. Check out this hot Nayanthara sex tape! Indeed, it matters not what you look for in a pornstar, since you will find all of those features on these lovely stunners. So keep your eye out for more of her cum swallowing getting fucked roughly. Do you have any actress you would like to fantasize with xxx pics?


text:
Larissa Lai
Larissa Lai
|La Jolla, California
|writer, poet, literary critic
|Notable works
|Salt Fish Girl; When Fox is a Thousand
Larissa Lai (born 1967) is an American-born Canadian novelist and literary critic.
Born in La Jolla, California, she grew up in St. John's, Newfoundland. She attended the University of British Columbia and, in 1990, graduated with a B.A. in Sociology. Subsequently, she earned her MA from the University of East Anglia, and her PhD from the University of Calgary (2006). She is currently an Assistant Professor in Canadian Literature in the English Department at the University of British Columbia.[1] She is an active committee member of the reading series Play Chthonics at UBC's Green College. She also edited poetry for the journal Canadian Literature from 2007 to 2010. A Chinese-Canadian, she has been cited as an example of "the growing elasticity of Canadian fiction and Canadian identity".[2]
Her first novel, When Fox is a Thousand (1995) (Press Gang) was shortlisted for the 1996 Books in Canada First Novel Award.[3] When Fox Is a Thousand was republished by Arsenal Pulp Press in 2004, slightly revised, and with a new Afterword. Her second novel, Salt Fish Girl (Thomas Allen), was published in 2002, and shortlisted for the James Tiptree, Jr. Award, the Sunburst Award and the City of Calgary W. O. Mitchell Award.
From 1997 to 1998 she was the Canadian Writer-in-Residence at the Calgary Distinguished Writers Program at the University of Calgary, and she held a similar position as writer-in-residence at Simon Fraser University in 2006. She was awarded a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council postdoctoral fellowship at UBC in 2006-2007.
Lai has twice been an instructor at Clarion West science fiction and fantasy writer's workshop (in 2004 and 2007). She was also an instructor at the original Clarion workshop at UCSD in 2009.
She has published articles and criticism in such journals as West Coast Line, Canadian Literature, The Capilano Review, English Studies in Canada and Fuse Magazine, as well as several anthologies including Asian Canadian Writing Beyond Autoethnography and Bringing it Home: Women Talk About Feminism in Their Lives.
An out lesbian,[4] she was one of the panelists at Write Out West, one of Canada's first-ever full-scale conferences of LGBT writers, in 1997.[4]
Her novel The Tiger Flu won the Lambda Literary Award for Lesbian Fiction at the 31st Lambda Literary Awards.[5]
- When Fox is a Thousand (1995)
- Salt Fish Girl (2002)
- The Tiger Flu (2018)
Books of poetry[edit]
- Sybil Unrest (with Rita Wong) (2009) Line Books [6]
- Automaton Biographies (2009) Arsenal Pulp Press [6]
- Eggs in the Basement (2009) Nomados
- Nascent Fashion (2004)
- Rachel (2004)
- Slanting I, Imagining We: Asian Canadian Literary Production in the 1980s and 1990s (2014) Waterloo, Ont.: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. ISBN 0-88920-417-9.
Themes and Subjects[edit]
Lai's work explores intersections of identity in relation to race, culture, gender, and sexuality.[7] In Lai's novels, she draws inspiration from Chinese mythology and culture with a particular focus upon historical and mythological female figures; these historical, cultural, and mythical connections are integrated within a feminist science fiction framework in the novel Salt Fish Girl.[8] Complex romantic and sexual relationships between Asian women are a recurring subject within Lai's work and serve as the main focal point for her novels.[7]
In an interview with Canadian Women in the Literary Arts, Lai discussed her book Slanting I, Imagining We within the context of being involved within the creative and literary fields of Toronto in the 1990s. [9] Lai said of her work during this time: "For me it was a time when questions of race, class, gender and sexuality were open to public debate in a broad and engaged ways. They still held their contentiousness, but productively so. Questions of history, movement, representation and justice were all available for interrogation. The work was not easy. The questions were personal and political and incredibly difficult to answer."[9] Lai cites discussions and interactions with other authors of color during this time as immensely influential and formative for her own work.
Critical reception[edit]
Lai's novels have generated much acclaim for their innovative narratives that help readers understand the modern diasporic experience. As a Canadian writer using Canadian presses, most criticism of Lai has been based in Canada, but a monograph, entitled The Influence of Daoism on Asian-Canadian Writers published in the U.S. (Mellen, 2008) is an exception. For a young writer, Lai has generated a great amount of scholarship and criticism. Her works contain social critique relevant to modern audiences, and many scholars have used her works to better understand the Chinese diaspora.[10]
Many scholars emphasize the contributions that Lai has made critiquing common understandings of race, gender, and national identity. Malissa Phung analyzes Lai as part of Chinese diaspora, and particularly studies how her works investigate "Immigrant Shame" and "Postmemory".[11] Stephanie Oliver suggests that Lai innovatively uses smell as an indicator of "politics of representation, regimes of racialization, the power of the gaze, and the dynamics of visibility and invisibility that are key to processes of social marginalization" of the diasporic experience, rather than the more common visual and auditory frameworks.[12] Reimer examines how Lai uses cyborgs in her novel Salt Fish Girl to criticize origin stories. Reimer suggests that Lai reveals common Enlightenment ideas as racist and limiting, and uses her novels to suggest new ways of understanding.[13] Birns situates Lai as a postcolonial transfeminist, prominently featured in the Canadian canon but not as well known internationally. Birns says Lai's novel "Salt Fish Girl" raises questions about gender and ethnicity by offering "multiple, diasporic identities to counter the repressive rhetoric of monolithic globalization" (Birns, 178).[10]
- ^ "Faculty page". University of British Columbia. Archived from the original on 3 May 2013. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
- ^ Van Luven, Lynne (June 29, 1997). "True North: Canadian Literature Isn't What You Think". The New York Times Book Review. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
- ^ "Fraser wins First Novel prize". Toronto Star. April 26, 1996. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
- ^ a b "Gay and Lesbian: Write Out West". The Province, November 6, 1997.
- ^ "Canadians win three Lambda awards for LGBTQ writing". Toronto Star, June 4, 2019.
- ^ a b "Larissa Lai". Poetry Foundation. 2018-12-21. Retrieved 2018-12-21.
- ^ a b Ho, Tamara (January 4, 2012). "Larissa Lai's "New Cultural Politics of Intimacy": Animal. Asian. Cyborg". SocialText Online. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
- ^ Joo, Hee-Sung Serenity (2014). "Reproduction, Reincarnation, and Human Cloning: Literary and Racial Forms in Larissa Lai's Salt Fish Girl". Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction. 55: 46–59. doi:10.1080/00111619.2011.625999.
- ^ a b Jerome, Gillian; Quartermain, Meredith. "An Interview with Larissa Lai". Canadian Women in the Literary Arts.
- ^ a b Nicholas Birns (2008). "The Earth's Revenge: Nature, Transfeminism and Diaspora in Larissa Lai's Salt Fish Girl". In Lee, Robert A (ed.). China fictions, English language : literary essays in diaspora, memory, story (Online ed.). Amsterdam: Rodopi. ISBN 978-9042023512.
- ^ Phung, Malissa (2012). "The Diasporic Inheritance of Postmemory and Immigrant Shame in the Novels of Larissa Lai". Postcolonial Text. 7.
- ^ Oliver, Stephanie (Spring 2011). "Diffuse Connections: Smell and Diasporic Subjectivity in Larissa Lai's "Salt Fish Girl."". Canadian Literature (208).
- ^ Reimer, Sharlee (2010). "Troubling Origins: Cyborg Politics in Larissa Lai's Salt Fish Girl". Atlantis. 35 (1): 4.
External links[edit]
- 1967 births
- Living people
- 20th-century Canadian novelists
- 20th-century Canadian women writers
- 21st-century Canadian novelists
- 21st-century Canadian poets
- 21st-century Canadian women writers
- Alumni of the University of East Anglia
- American emigrants to Canada
- American women novelists
- American writers of Chinese descent
- Canadian literary critics
- Canadian people of Chinese descent
- Canadian women novelists
- Canadian women poets
- Canadian writers of Asian descent
- Lambda Literary Award winners
- Lesbian writers
- LGBT novelists
- LGBT people from California
- LGBT poets
- LGBT writers from Canada
- Naturalized citizens of Canada
- University of British Columbia alumni
- University of British Columbia faculty
- University of Calgary alumni
- Women science fiction and fantasy writers
- Writers from San Diego
- Writers from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador


text:
Monthly Blog Post writer for different businesses
Budget $30-250 CAD
Hello, I am looking for a blog posts every month. We need post for different industry, ranging from technology, auto repair, catering, real estate, wedding and more. We need someone monthly for different business type. Person needs to be professional in writing, engilish and good SEOarticle is necessary.
64 freelancere byder i gennemsnit $83 på dette job
Hello!! I have read the project brief and understood what is required! I have the ability to craft fresh and engaging SEO blog posts for different businesses that interest and involve readers while maintaining a fluid Flere
Hello, We will provide to you Guaranteed Top 10 Ranking to your targeted keywords + Traffic, Leads, Sales & Online Reputation for your website. How we able to Get First Page Ranking in Google ? 1. With White Hat M Flere
Hi Sir, We have read the description and will provide you 500 Word Article for your website and keywords Relevant. I am a professional writer and researcher with a bachelors degree in communication and media studies Flere
I am a professional content writer. I can create copy for your website. I am Canadian. I am a native English speaker. I have more than 25 years of experience in business, sales and marketing. I can write your content Flere
Dear Employer, Hope you are well, We have gone through your project description & understood your requirements. We are ready to provide you with highly skilled & professional content writer who can write on any topic Flere
With a 3 years' experience in editing, proofreading and writing articles and product descriptions, I can engage in small or big projects. Whether it is writing an article or editing an e-book, I give the task full focu Flere
I have a huge experience of blog writing and I am a full-time freelancer. You will get the job done in the minimum of your budget. You can visit my profile and portfolio for more satisfaction. Thanks
I am a native English speaking writer and have extensive experience in producing articles on a huge variety of topics, in professional, casual and colloquial styles. I can produce properly researched, well written, SEO Flere
Dear Employers, My name is Janelle Heideman. I have clearly read and understood the instructions you have provided and I guarantee that I will deliver outstanding work on your Monthly Blog Post writer for different bu Flere
Hi, My name is Jayne Scott, I see that you are looking for a seasoned (create writer/blog writer) and would like to offer you my writing skills. As a writer and creative mind, I would be more than happy to use my tal Flere
Hello, I can provide you engaging and creative content on various niche. With an extensive experience of over 10 years of writing and editing, I promise to meet or exceed your expectations. The days of automated, c Flere
Hi there, I read your project description and I am aware that you require a versatile and proficient Blog Content Writer to create Blog Posts for various businesses on a monthly basis. As someone with relevant expert Flere
Hello, I write creative and informative blogs without fluff or repetitions. I optimize my piece whether the client asks me or not. I use readable sentences to increase readability scores. Before sending, I check on Flere
Hello Sir, I am AUSTRALIA based native English-speaking writer. I have completed more than 100 projects here with great 5-star feedbacks from clients. I am one of the best writers in the marketplace too. Please have Flere
"Hi! I can deliver perfect SEO articles in low budget. I have profound knowledge in writing keyword-centric content including primary, secondary, semantic and LSI keywords. Being an active content writer, I have alread Flere


text:
Maybe you didn't know that but end tables can actually make for a nice and functional element. If you think that such crate end tables are a wise choice, what are you waiting for? Even those whose requirements are very high, have chosen the right design and size for themselves on this site.
A smart, DIY end table made of old, wooden pallets. It features a minimalist structure with all the natural imperfections left, there is also no particular finish, which looks really cool. It can serve as a night stand too.
Often simple solutions are the best. This incredible piece of furniture is stylish, one of a kind and especially very cheap, because it is made of old wooden shop palette. It can be used as a night table.
Make your own stunning end table out of regular pallets wood and ensure that your interior is both practical and looks really stylish. It sports the extra bottom shelf for extra storage of magazines or books.
pallet end table or night stand... Would love to make this but I fill in the spaces cuz of bugs and sliders even tho u spray for bugs they still come
What about an etagere created from crates? Upcycling at its best, embodying ingenuity and functionality. It is low-cost, easy to create on your own and looks enchanting, adding a rustic vibe to your interior.
Small but elegant, this simple nightstand is effectively combined with a dog crate, so your pup could sleep cozy right next to your bed. It has an intricate design that uses sturdy wood planks, leaving enough gaps between them for proper ventilation.
The Cozy Old "Farmhouse": decorating
Wonder if I can make this big enough to cover a dog crate?
I really like this plus I have a very old coffee table that was my uncle's desk that was cut down to make it and two end tables. I can not replace these!
wood pallet furniture | Furniture Made From Wood Pallets ...
Custom Milk Crate Nightstand Or End
A cool ingenious nightstand or end table in one with 2 open front niches. It's DIY-made from 2 wooden milk crates joined along longer sides. A rectangular top is of thicker planks. The entirety is finished in browns and features a slatted pattern.
End Table @ Shanty 2 CHIC.... I'm totally making this soon!
shoe storage, entryway storage, mudroom storage, crate storage, crate shelving,chalk paint, staining
Wood Crate Handmade Table Furniture
This crate end set of furniture constitutes a great way to add a cool, rustic vibe to the space. Each of the items features a set of shelves. Ideal to store books, magazines, office supplies or other stuff.
DIY idea for a simple table made out of leftover pallets. The table is sturdy enough to hold a decent weight and has an additional surface beneath the top, which comes in handy for storing garden utilities in the backyard.
End table in industrial style. It is made of recycled wine boxes. It can be used as nightstand. Neutral and functional accent for each room as needed.
Finished in smooth, dark wood, this crate end table combines elegance with pretty easy and inexpensive construction. Another example of this ingenuine crafting is the coffee table.
Great way to utilise old crates! This DIY project is an excellent solution for your backyard or patio. Cute, little outdoor tables made from old crates and some slate slabs. Easy to make and bound to invigorate your home!
diy crate bookshelf
The North End Loft: Stuff I Love
Rustic Handmade Wooden Crate - Etsy - A Walk Through The Woods
Rusted Treasure: DIY End Table Dog Beds (before and after)
Orange roses and succulent arrangement on end table in the bedroom / bedside table
DIY Idea: Turn Wine Crates into a Nightstand Lark & Linen - If you're looking for a way to stretch your design budget, these wine crate night stands are an easy and affordable way to go.
Medium Dog Crate End Table
This handy and very functional dog crate is a combination of solid wooden construction, beautiful form, and style. Your pet will have a comfortable place to rest, and the crate can serve as a coffee table or bedside table.
Old Crate End Table and Candles :: Hometalk
An interesting DIY idea for an end table. It was made from an old, wooden crate with the original labels left. The piece features a cool, industrial character, but it's not shabby as the surface was neatly polished. It has wheels for easier transport.
Gotta fight for every inch of free space in your house? Just look at this clever solutions! A dog crate that's also to be used as a bedside table, who would have thought? Wooden construction and white paint make it subtle and elegant.
Nine Red: DIY Antique Crate End Tables
Chaleur Estate Three Drawer Wine Crate End Table - from:
If you have a dog, you need to have the wooden dog crate, just like this one! It looks more aesthetic and clean than wire crate. And it can be used as an end table too.
Most Pinned of 2012 from DIY Networks Pinterest Board: Originally from a target=_blank22 Cleverly Repurposed and Revamped Coffee
Twist Table in Side & Coffee Tables
Crown Pet Crate End Table
The fabulous functionality of this piece lets you enjoy the multi-purpose use perfectly, since it can easily serve as an end table and a pet crate that will let you keep your pet safe when you need to and enjoy a sturdy, long-lasting structure.
A cool practical end table and a pet crate in one. It's made of wooden materials with a 2-tone finish. It has a square top in brown hues. Its cubic base features a front door with upright cutouts. Deadbolts and showy hinges are of black metal.
Wooden crates can actually serve as function. You can stack several ...
How to age/antique new wood. Also would work for new pallets. Nine Red: DIY Antique Crate End Tables
Ideas For Repurposing Old Crates - End Table with Wheels (michael's crates)
A stark rustic style end table made of ordinary planks with a distressed brown finish. It has a rectangular top, straight angular corner poles and X-crossed stretchers on longer sides. The table can nest e.g. a dog crate.
To add some style to your indoor environment and define it as pet-friendly, use a dog crate that's crafted from real wood. This inner dog kennel with decorous door serves as a crate end table as well.
End Table
Simple form and soft colors make this end of the table is a timeless addition to any room. The table is also the answer to your storage needs. It has a deep drawer and an additional shelf on which you can place objects of everyday use.
Crate end table
Pet Crate End Table
Interesting functional combo of an end table and pet crate. It's rectangular partially slatted frame is made of durable solid wood with an elegant brown finish. It has a front latch-locked door and a gently curved base. It's leak-proof.
crate end table. see @Loni McKenzie Banes I could totally use all your crates ;)
A durable dog crate that can, at the same time, be used as a convenient nightstand. The crate has espresso-finished wooden construction, with cutout vents and a lattice panel door with a lock.
Indoor Wooden Wire Kennel
This sensational kennel for use inside is the perfect solution for your pet. It has two openings through which the dog can freely go in and out. It's done very tastefully, which has made fits into interior design.
Rustic wood platform bed and end table crates from James+James with barn wood sign.


text:
2014 June - Archive
Happy Monday, everyone! Yes, I know! It's back to work for some of us but hopefully we are feeling recharged! Today I wanted to share a layout that was inspired by some new photos and paper along with my obsession over the Flourish Circle Frame. I swear I could use it on everything!! I've used some Read more ..
Hello CE Friends! Wow I can't believe it's time for our 2nd design team call!! I can't believe how fast the time flew on by! WE are looking for 7 fun crafty folks for our team. This call is a 6 month term. What will be required from you? Must be good with deadlines. 3 projects Read more ..
Hey everyone, Michelle here today with a fun LO I created using the movie night chipboard set. I've had these photos of my kids since 2009 and I hadn't scrapped them yet. I'm glad I waited because this chipboard set was perfect for the photos! I had so much fun creating this Read more ..
Doris here with a quick and easy card Father's Day card this week. Seems like I'm always pressed for time these days whether it's during the week and I'm running one son to school and cyber school 2 others with my almost 4 year old running around, or it's the weekend and they're all home Read more ..
Hello everybody! Emmy here today with a brand new project, created with the amazing Creative Embellishments chippies – "BEAUTIFUL DAY" I took this picture of my Elise and her cousin Willy last Sunday when we were at Zaanse Schans – a picturesque open air museum in the Netherlands. The day was really warm and Read more ..
Summer is right around the corner and i know many of us are itching to go camping, swimming and enjoy some family time together. I am not sure if i have scrapped this photo of my oldest before, it was taken last year in Panama City, Florida while we were walking along the Gulf of Read more ..
Happy Monday friends! I hope everyone's weekend was amazing. This week we will be adding new products to the store so keep an eye out for those. Nicolle here again sharing a layout. My aunt took Jolie to Darien Lake recently. This was her first time to the amusement park. She is 11 and has Read more ..
Happy Friday!! Where did the week go? I am a special deputy at CSI Color Stories Inspiration challenge site. I love their challenges. I was inspired by Case File #126 or this layout. My Aunt took Jolie to Darien Lake on Saturday and Sunday . This girl has been asking us for years to go. Read more ..
Doris here with a canvas to share this week that goes with this month's challenge theme. Since I wasn't able to submit an example for the challenge this month, I figured I'd play along with it for my Thursday project instead. Hope you like how it turned out! 😀 The fabulous CE products used Read more ..
Hi all! Back to day to show you some cards I made! Now I am not the leading expert in the cards area by no means, However I do try! LOL Creative Embellishment chippies makes them fun for me, because they can help add the dimension and oomph that I like to have on my projects! The Flying Read more ..


text:
You can now play Zoog for PC on a desktop/laptop running Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10 and MacOS/OS X. This can easily be done with the help of BlueStacks or Andy OS Android emulator.
Zoog helps you Know Before you Know® Our algorithm gives you both an insightful glimpse into the traits and essence of a person AND a Chemistry Compass® between two people.
You can see beyond what you want to see or what is immediately visible. Peel back the layers and be enlightened or amused. You can build on the strengths and be aware of challenges and manage expectations.
Enjoy, Have Fun, and May all your relationships be fulfilling.
The Zoog Team
How to download and run Zoog on your PC and Mac
Zoog For PC can be easily installed and used on a desktop computer or laptop running Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10 and a Macbook, iMac running Mac OS X. This will be done using an Android emulator. To install Zoog For PC, we will use BlueStacks app player. The method listed below is set to help you get Zoog For PC. Go ahead and get it done now.
More Details
Download Links For Zoog:
Download: Bluestacks Android Emulator
Download: Zoog (Play Store)
More From Us: Lucas' Whiteboard – English For PC / Windows 7/8/10 / Mac – Free Download
Step to Step Guide / Zoog For PC:
- As you have Downloaded and Installed Bluestacks Emulator, from Links which are provided above.
- Now, After the installation, configure it and add your Google account.
- Once everything is done, just open the Market in Play Store and Search for the 'Zoog'.
- Tap the first result and tap install.
- Once the installation is over, Tap the App icon in Menu to start playing.
- That's all Enjoy!
Also Read: Slader – Textbook Solutions! For PC / Windows 7/8/10 / Mac – Free Download
That would be all from our side. In case you have got any queries or you have any issue following the guide, do let me know by leaving your thoughts in the comments section below.


text:
Das Ibis Budget RJ Botafogo begrüßt Sie in Rio de Janeiro, 2,8 km von der Statue von Christus dem Erlöser und 2,9 km von Corcovado entfernt. Aktueller Kader Botafogo mit Spieler-Statistiken, Spielplan, Marktwerte, News und Gerüchten zum Verein aus der Série A. Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas, im deutschsprachigen Raum allgemein bekannt als Botafogo FR, ist ein in der brasilianischen Metropole Rio de Janeiro. Eine Besonderheit in den 70er orel mangala bvb aber der Mountainbike slowenien vom Obwohl Botafogo den gleichen Pragmatismus wie Flamengo teilt, unterscheiden sich die Viertel in ihren Wohnvorlieben. Good breakfast and clean room. Die beste Auswahl in Rio de Janeiro. Das tolle an Botafogo Beach ist, dass comdirect depot erfahrungen knappenschmiede schalke Allgemeinen mit bitcoin geld verdienen voll als das mehr berühmten Stränden in Copacabana und Ipanema entfernt. Wenn man neben Einkaufspassagen auch mal Lust auf einfache Lebensmittelhändler hat, wird in Botafogo auch fündig. Bed very comfortable, room was quiet and light was properly blocked, all in all good night sleep.
He scored goals in matches, but went to the Boca Juniors in , the year Botafogo won its 9th state championship. They won the Campeonato Carioca in , and , and in they won Serie A , becoming the first carioca club to win the Brazilian league.
Botafogo would be relegated to the Second Division after ranking last in the Brazilian League of In , the club won the Rio de Janeiro State Championship for the 18th time, and again in and with the iconic players Loco Abreu and Seedorf , respectively.
Nowadays, Botafogo is the only club to have won titles in three different centuries, including the state championship for rowing in Its biggest rivals are the other most important Rio clubs: Fluminense , Flamengo and Vasco da Gama.
Both teams faced each other for the first time in The match with Vasco is known as the "Friendship Derby" because the supporters of both club have been friends historically.
It is the only derby in the city that tends to be non-violent. The derby against Flamengo, "The Rilvary Derby", is the biggest one for the club, and one of the more important for the country.
Players who participate in these matches usually become club idols. This star was the principal symbol of Club de Regatas Botafogo.
The old flag of Club de Regatas Botafogo was white with a small black square which contained the Lone Star. Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas then based its flag on that of the two old clubs.
The flag has five black and four white stripes, with a black square at the upper left side with the Lone Star. Their primary uniform consists of a black jersey with vertical white stripes, black shorts and grey socks.
Their secondary uniform is all white. An all black uniform may also be used. The socks, although traditionally grey, may also be black or even white on rare occasions.
In a stray dog named Biriba , known for urinating on the players, was the mascot that led them to the Campeonato Carioca. Because of image rights problems with the Walt Disney Company, Donald did not become an official mascot.
In , only Vasco joined Botafogo. Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
For recent transfers, see List of Brazilian football transfers winter — Archived from the original on February 2, Retrieved January 29, Archived from the original PDF on 23 April Retrieved 11 August Archived from the original on December 19, Retrieved July 7, Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas.
Archived from the original on 19 November Retrieved 19 November Archived from the original on August 16, Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas official website.
Archived from the original on August 6, Retrieved 27 July Archived from the original on March 26, Retrieved February 28, Archived from the original on May 17, Retrieved May 16, Archived from the original on October 17, Retrieved August 30, Airbnb works with local photographers to capture the spirit of neighborhoods all around the world.
The photography on this page includes work by:. Botafogo Museums, art house cinemas, sea, sky, and Sugarloaf Mountain stand out in this south Rio neighborhood.
See places to stay Save this neighborhood. Stunning Views and a Central Location. Like neighboring Flamengo, Botafogo is a busy no-nonsense neighborhood.
Its residents work hard, run errands, and always remember to admire the view. In Botafogo, professional workers mingle with hourly-wage earners.
And corporate giants contrast with charming cottages. Brazilians adore shopping malls. Luckily, Botafogo boasts three of them.
This neighborhood is known for its alternative aptitude. In Botafogo, empty seats are open invitations. Photography Airbnb works with local photographers to capture the spirit of neighborhoods all around the world.
The photography on this page includes work by:


text:
Zac Pasmanick - The Zac Team
1222 Virginia Avenue, Atlanta, Georgia
Virginia Highland
Property Details
Listing Information
- Bedrooms: 3
- Baths: 2
- Partial Baths: 0
More Information
Property Description
This charming red brick bungalow is close to all the action on North Highland. Watch your kids walk to Springdale Park Elementary. Enjoy living seconds away from the Beltline and the new Ponce City Market, which houses over 2 million square feet of retail shops, restaurants, and offices. Stroll to all the great shops and restaurants of Virginia Highland or take a walk through beautiful Piedmont Park – Atlanta's massive greenspace and sight of many events and festivals. The home features a completely renovated 1 bed 1 bath rental apartment or in-law suite. Other renovations include 2 bathrooms and the kitchen with tons of cabinet space, new granite countertops, stainless steel appliances, and large pantry. Three full bedrooms on the mail level are off the central hall, and the large master suite comes with a clawfoot soaking tub and skylight. The home exhibits classic charm and character with its roomy front porch, white picket fence, fireplace, sunroom, and heavy moldings and crown.
Please wait...
Request More Information
Equal Housing Opportunity
Property information deemed reliable but not guaranteed and should be verified.
Total Access grants you the ability to download reports, disclosures, virtual tours, home database information, and much more! Registration is easy. Sign up today and your confirmation will be sent directly to your inbox!


text:
Tickets are still on sale for the LA Food Fest! Check out their site here. We hope to see you there!
We were given a glimpse at all the goodies that are in store for the LA Food Fest, June 10th, 2017, 2 – 7 PM at LA Memorial Coliseum, 3911 South Figueroa Street, Los Angeles, CA 90037.
Get out those #stretchypants! The LA Food Fest always features award-winning chefs and restaurants, plenty of food stands, food trucks and carts, a beer garden, cocktail bars, coffee, desserts… basically everything under the sun!
For the $65 general admission ticket, LA Food Fest offers 100+ food and beverage vendors. For the $95 VIP ticket, attendees are given early entry and access to the VIP Lounge.
We were at LA Food Fest last year and this year, we're even more excited because many foodie businesses we've featured on GOF in the past are going to be there serving up bites. It's always good to see your friends! There will also be some new faces, and we're excited to see them as well.