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Schedule a Consultation: 858.483.9200
What is New With California Franchise Relations Law?
The relationship between a franchisor and franchisee is governed by the California Franchise Relations Act ("CFRA") codified at Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 20000 et seq. The CFRA covers renewal, nonrenewal and termination of franchises. There have been some recent changes in the CFRA. Here is what is new.
San Diego Franchises: What is a Franchise?
Franchises are common in our everyday life. Fast food restaurants are often franchises. A franchise is a store — or something as small as a pretzel cart — that is owned by a person or small group of people who operate under the business model of a larger franchising business. The franchise relationship is a contractual arrangement where a "franchisor" allows "franchisees" to use their business logo, name, and business system. The franchisor often closely monitors the franchisee for compliance with the business model. There is a franchise fee that must be paid and often the franchisee must buy materials, goods, and services from the franchisor. Many franchisors, like McDonald's, have both "company restaurants" and "franchise restaurants."
Because the relationship is contractual, at the end of the contract, either or both parties are free to end the relationship. People who buy franchises often spend large sums of money to rent retail space, buy materials, hire employees, etc. Moreover, in general, the franchisee is making money and making a living from the business. As such, mostly, franchisees want to continue the contractual relationship and do not want their franchises terminated or non-renewed without good reason. By contrast, the franchisor wants and needs as much flexibility as possible. Given the large number of franchises in the marketplace and given the importance of protecting the investments of both franchisors and franchisees, California has a statute — the CFRA — that governs franchisor-franchisee relations. The 2015 amendments gave additional protections to franchisees.
San Diego Franchises: Recent Amendments to the CFRA
Back in 2015, the California General Assembly amended the CFRA effective with respect to franchise agreements entered into or renewed after January 1, 2016. Here is a news article from Fortune Magazine about the law from 2014.
Under the revised statute, termination is more difficult. Now, a franchisor cannot terminate a franchisee for non-substantial violations of the franchise agreement. The CFRA has always mandated "good cause" for a termination, but prior to the amendment, "good cause" could be any violation of the franchise agreement as long as notice and a reasonable opportunity to cure were given. After the amendment, the "good cause" must be a failure to "substantially comply" with the franchise agreement and the cure period is now set at 60 days. The CFRA still allows quick and immediate termination for a long list of serious and egregious violations of the franchise agreement. See § 20021.
Further, under the amended statute, a franchisor must allow a franchisee to sell or transfer the franchise to a person or entity that meets the franchisor's standards for new or renewal franchisees. The amended CFRA requires various notices to be sent and the franchisor has 60 days to accept the new franchisee. Further, there is now a default. In the absence of notice of disapproval in those 60 days, the sale or transfer is deemed approved. If there is a disapproval, the franchisor must identify "reasonable grounds" for the disapproval.
In addition, as noted, many franchisees invest heavily in their franchise. They are often required to buy substantial amounts of goods and services from the franchisor. Termination or nonrenewal was bad enough since the business was put to an end. However, the franchisee often had substantial inventory. Prior to the 2015 revisions, the franchisor was required to buy back "resalable current inventory." The new statute requires the franchisor to buy back/purchase "all inventory, supplies, equipment, fixtures, and furnishings" at the price paid minus depreciation. There are various exceptions set forth in the revised statute. See § 20022.
The amended CFRA also increased the potential damages that a franchisee can recover if a franchisor terminates or fails to renew unlawfully. In addition, courts are now empowered to enjoin violations or threatened violations of the CFRA.
San Diego Franchises: No New Case Law Under the Revised CFRA
As far as our research has uncovered, there are no new cases interpreting the revised CFRA. There appears to be no substantial outcry from franchisors or any news reports of substantial "flight" of franchises from California. This is probably not too surprising. Along with California, 17 other states have some sort of franchisee protection act that restricts a franchisor's right to terminate or non-renewal without good cause.
Contact San Diego Corporate Law
If you want additional information on franchises in San Diego and in California, contact an experienced franchise attorney like Michael Leonard, Esq. of San Diego Corporate Law.
Mr. Leonard can help you understand all elements of franchise laws in California, including the new provisions of the CFRA. Be aware that selling a franchise is governed by the California Franchise Investment Law which requires franchisors to register with the California Department of Business Oversight ("DBO") and provide disclosures. So, as said, if you are thinking about buying a franchise, you need an attorney skilled in franchising law. Contact Mr. Leonard today via email or by calling (858) 483-9200.
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As an educator, my teaching experience is wide-ranging, but my goal in every lesson and classroom setting is to foster proficiency in, as well as conscious appreciation for, technical mastery, self-expression, and professional development based on the needs of each individual student. In all programs that I have taught, I guide my students through accessible methods in which they form transferable skills, share musical innovations, and formulate artistic confidence on and off stage. I design these steps and pursue these goals in service to my belief that every student deserves the opportunity to feel empowered by music, regardless of ability level or background.
Based out of Phoenix, I'm available to teach private lessons, group lessons, coachings and masterclasses in your home or school. My students range from beginners through college, as well as adults, many of which have chosen to pursue music at universities and conservatories throughout the United States and abroad. Lessons and/or coachings can be weekly or bi-weekly, and can range from 30 to 60 minutes depending on your personal and professional goals. My rates depend on the length of lesson, as well as the distance I am traveling to you (if necessary).
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subset: commoncrawl


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Theophilus Onojeghen, Warri
Gunmen suspected to be community youths have reportedly kidnapped a 70-year-old man, Chief Johnson Odio, at Ushie in Ndokwa East Local Government Area of Delta State.
The retiree was abducted by gunmen numbering about four on Monday while returning from his farm.
Sources close to the family told our correspondent that the incident occurred at 6:10pm. It was gathered that the retiree was returning with two of his workers when the incident took place.
Although, the three of them were abducted, the abductors later released the two female victims but had continued to hold on to their employer.
Odio is Chief of Ozoro Kingdom in Isoko North Local Government Area of the state.
The PUNCH gathered that the family of the victim has not had any contact with the kidnappers since their patriarch's abduction.
A family member, who spoke with some selected journalists including The PUNCH on Wednesday, said, "He was kidnapped about 6pm on Monday when coming out of his farm with two of his female staff.
"His farm is in Ushie in Ndokwa East. They later released the two labourers once they pleaded and told them that they don't know anywhere. They said the kidnappers were four in number and they were carrying guns.
"We are scared because he is not strong healthwise and he has not taken any of his medications since he was kidnapped yesterday. So we don't know his current state now. They are yet to contact us or demand anything."
"According to the women, three of the kidnappers covered their faces and one did not, we don't know if they did that to conceal their identities, we don't know if they are youths from our community or not," another source added.
The Police Public Relations Officer of the Delta State Police Command, Mr Andrew Aniamaka, confirmed the incident when contacted.
He suggested that the abduction was suspected to have been carried out by community youths, whom he said would be apprehended soon and made to face the law.
He said, "The DPO, Ashaka, has confirmed it: he's a 70-year-old man and since the abductors have not called to ask for ransom, there are indications that the abduction is an inside job and the youths might be at the heart of it.
"From what has been gathered, he was abducted alongside two of his female workers, who were later released. The police have commenced works on the matter, to ensure he is released as soon as possible."


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The Deputy Regional Minister for Ahafo, Mr. Benjamin Yeboah Sekyere, has donated Musical Instruments to Bechem Presbyterian Senior High School and motorbikes to the Tano South Municipal Education Directorate.
The donation follows a request the two institutions — Bechem Presbyterian Senior High School and Tano South Municipal Education Directorate — made to the Deputy Minister, who is also the MP for Tano South Constituency.
At a ceremony to hand over the items to the beneficiaries, Mr. Sekyere said the motorbikes would enhance the work of circuit supervisors whilst the musical instrument would improve the entertainment activities of the school.
He promised to provide a free internet facility to facilitate the teaching of Information Communication Technology.
The Minister said the government had introduced free education in the senior high school to bridge the gap between the poor and rich and urged the beneficiaries of the programme to take their studies seriously to justify the huge investments the government was making in the programme.
He announced that the government would complete all projects started in the municipality by the previous government to ensure citizens' taxes did not go waste.
The Municipal Chief Executive, Mr. Collins Offinam Takyi, assured of the Municipal Assembly's commitment to executing development projects in the municipality to raise the living standards of the people.
Mrs. Mabel Botokro, the Municipal Education Director, thanked Deputy Minister and MCE for their kind gesture and promised to use the motorbikes for their intended purposes. She said the released of the motorbikes to the directorate would go a long way to address some of the challenges confronting circuit supervisor.
Source: ISD (Barnie K. Agyeman)


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"Water Rite Purification, Cheyenne Animal Dance" [photogravure]
Suffolk Eng. Co: Cambridge, Mass, 1927. Item #11-photo-rbr950
Image 15.25 x 11.25", matted & framed to 26 x 20", not examined out of frame but appears good. Plate 662.
Price: $395.00
See all items in BINDING
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Riley Queen
I often times try to see life through a completely different lens, sometimes literally others metaphorically. My ultimate goal is to have an impact on a drastic, positive change in our world.
I am majoring in Graphic design and minoring in marketing at West Virginia Wesleyan College. I believe that people from all around the world can find commonality within different forms of art. I hope to someday create inspirational films and photographs that show a raw representation of what is going on in our world today, and ultimately work running social media campaigns for impactful non-profit organizations.
I have experience, traveling all over South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. Travel is one of my biggest passions. I've met people and heard stories from hundreds of backgrounds and that alone is so inspiring. Recently I have begun solo traveling so I can develop an independent and truly individual mind. This has been the best decision of my life.


text: A small group meets in Temple to share a meal, discuss a book, and end with Compline evening prayers (ACNA version) on Tuesdays at 6:30pm. The first book we're discussing is former Archbishop Michael Ramsey's The Anglican Spirit. Please come join us if you're interested in building relationships for Christ and learning how the Anglican tradition provides timeless resources for spiritual formation. If you'd like to attend, please use the Contact page and email to tell us a little about yourself and why you'd like to attend.


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Need for Speed II is a racing video game developed by EA Seattle and published by Electronic Arts. It was released in 1997 for Microsoft Windows. Need for Speed II allows players to race exotic cars, either against computer-controlled opponents or human opponents via a LAN, modem, serial connection, or in split screen. There are three distinct gameplay modes: Single ...Read More »
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The open-world action in Need for Speed Most Wanted gives you the freedom to drive your way. Hit jumps and shortcuts, switch cars, lie low or head for terrain that plays to your vehicle's unique strengths. Fight your way past cops and rivals using skill, high-end car tech and tons of nitrous. It's all about you, your friends and a ...Read More »
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It's the year 2030, the era of flying vehicles. A one-off championship for wheel based vehicles has been organised, with cutting-edge electric cars boosted by Xenon gas. Drift through cities like Tokyo and Dubai as fast as you can and claim eternal glory! In the near future, the official racing federation has ordered a seasons pause from racing, to allow ...Read More »


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BUENOS AIRES, Feb 28 (Reuters) - Argentina will hike its minimum wage earlier than planned as the government looks to bolster consumer spending power battered by stubbornly high inflation.
The labor ministry said in a statement on Thursday that the minimum monthly wage would increase to 12,500 pesos ($319.61) as of next month, rather than June as previously announced.
Recession-hit Argentina has been grappling to revive growth and rein in inflation that increased nearly 50 percent in 2018, hammering people's savings and eroding consumer confidence.
The official statistics bureau said on Wednesday that economic activity slumped 7 percent in December and 2.6 percent last year. Inflation also ticked up 2.9 percent in January, lower than highs in October but faster than a month earlier.
On Thursday, Argentina's central bank chief Guido Sandleris said inflation likely remained high in February, but added that the country had largely corrected issues hitting the economy including exchange rates, tariffs and the fiscal deficit.
"The imbalances that have impeded in the past a sustained lowering of inflation have been resolved or will soon be resolved," he said in comments posted on the bank's website.
President Mauricio Macri is facing a challenging year ahead as he looks to revive the economy, lower inflation and meet obligations with the International Monetary Fund tied to a $56.3 billion funding deal last year.
The center-right leader is also facing a challenge from the country's powerful Peronist opposition ahead of presidential elections in October.
$1 = 39.1100 Argentine pesos Reporting by Adam Jourdan ane Eliana Raszewski; Editing by Tom Brown


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Notabag - the smart combination of a bag and rucksack. With a single move, the innovative carrying bag turns into a handy rucksack. The Notabag is the perfect companion not only for shopping but on the way to university, sports, swimming or other leisure time activities.
The Notabag idea was born during a trip to the local farmers market as the designer Adnan Alicusic tried to maneuver through traffic while having a heavy shopping bag on the handlebar bumping against the front wheel. At that moment, Alicusic imagined how a simple bag could be transformed into a rucksack and the idea of Notabag was born
The bag also features a functional inside pocket where "essentials" such as wallet, mobile phone or keys can be stowed. And if you need neither rucksack nor bag, the Notabag can simply be folded into the inside pocket. When the bag-rucksack is not in use, it can be folded down to the size of a wallet.
The clever design by Adnan Alicusic was nominated for the German Design Award 2016
More details:
Water resistant
Machine Washable
Eco-friendly and reusable
|Description Extra
Measurements of the inside pocket: 13cm x 15.5cm
Water resistant, machine washable
Material 63% cotton and 37% nylon
Dimensions Depth: 65 cm, Length: 45 cm (when open)
Weight 130 g (without packaging)


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College Writing
Scott, Foresman/Little, Brown College Division, 1988 - Language Arts & Disciplines - 173 pages
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Israeli elections take a twist, as former chief of staff Benny Gantz joins forces with former finance minister Yair Lapid
ByShaiel Ben-Ephraim
- February 22, 2019


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Shaun Frank – Let You Get Away (feat. Ashe)
With three mentions on the blog last year, Shaun Frank is an artist we've been watching closely and seen go from strength to strength in 2016. With multiple releases following his usual house sound, 'Let You Get Away' starts a little differently before dropping into a juicy instrumental chorus. This time Shaun Frank brings in … Continue reading
Aeroplane – Let's Get Slow Feat. Benjamin Diamond
How long has Aeroplane been away for? It seems like ages… 'Let's Get Slow' takes us back to some of the best, with a very groovy 80s styled into before dropping into a post-futuristic (and dare I say it Random Access Memories infused) chorus. Check it out.
Slum Village – Get Dis Money (Tom Misch x Jordan Rakei Remix)
Anything Tom Misch touches at the moment turns to pure gold. With a real penchant for changing rap tracks into chilled out wonders, 'Get Dis Money' is no different. More please. Check it out.
Daft Punk & Pharrell, Stevie Wonder – Get Lucky (2014 Grammys)
Last night was one of the biggest nights in the music industry – The Grammys. Quite rightly in our opinion, Daft Punk took home best album and best record with Random Access Memories & Get Lucky. We were then treated to what may actually be the first 'real' performance of Get Lucky ever! Pharrell was … Continue reading
Disco Fries & Damien Anthony – Get Up
New Years is just around the corner and for all those who may be attending a WHP style rave – I imagine this will be a big hit. Loud, strong and with plenty of heavy beats, Get Up contains all the elements needed for a house smasher! So we would suggest waiting until the evening … Continue reading


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Vintage cherry sparkle gown features a stunning fitted drape with a round neckline and crisscrossed open back and a 23 inch back slit for a gorgeous drape. Looks sweet styled with your favorite jewelry from our In-House Line.
Lightweight metallic material, assuming synthetic.
Size xs-s, depending on desired drape. Modeled on small frame.
Measures approximately: 11" shoulder to shoulder / 15" underarm to underarm / 24-26" waist / 62" shoulder to hemline.
Vintage items may come with minor flaws due to pre loved wear. Please enjoy and appreciate this item with it's character. Vintage items are FINAL SALE


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Abstract Trees Drawing Gifts & Merchandise Redbubble
One of my drawings in progress! This tree has certainly become a character of its own…haha! :) I love to create because I am always learning something new about myself and what I am capable of.... 20/10/2014 · A cool, fun and easy way to draw an abstract tree - What you need: water colour paint, paintbrush, black permanent marker Please like and subscribe!
Abstract Christmas tree a simple drawing Vector Image
Free vector tree illustration - We have 46352 Free vector tree illustration Free Downloads in Ai, EPS, SVG, CDR formats. tree, tree, tree vector, tree vector, illustration, illustration, tree silho......19/09/2015 · In this tutorial, you will learn how to draw abstract tree in Adobe Illustrator. This tutorial will feature scatter and art brushes. Turn on the CC for text tutorial.
Abstract Tree Drawing samanthakaplanart.com
Looking upon a gorgeous tree silhouette gives me a feeling of peace. The fact that they are also some of the easiest natural things to recreate makes them one of my favorite subjects to paint. Painting tree silhouettes is slightly more challenging than drawing, however I … how to become a travel agent in florida Draw Abstract Syntax Tree Cheggs 5 Ingenious Note Taking Strategies To Dominate Midterms Chegg Blog Draw Abstract Syntax Tree Cheggs Solved A Language That Is A Subset Of The Language Of Pro Draw Abstract Syntax Tree Cheggs I'm Going To Do It.. How to draw characters for a visual novel
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How To Draw An Abstract Tree
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Trouve toutes les réponses à tes questions sur la grossesse, l'accouchement et la vie de bébé.
Communauté en ligne qui fournit des informations utiles Inscris-toi, participe à des discussions avec d'autres futures mamans et trouve des conseils sur la grossesse ou sur ton enfant.
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Relax, this is where they evaluate if they want you being an employee or not. It also requires a continuing education as new prescription drugs are introduced often and several are even recalled. It is normal for banks and customers to deal with any business with caution that has an element of 'high-risk' in it. Getting training through your specific employing pharmacist has the advantage of hands-training. If you or someone you know is thinking about quitting smoking, speak with your pharmacist today. Efficacy of the drug was determined through the number of patients having to seek bone radiation. Generic medicine contains a similar active ingredients is utilized in original formulation. Each herb has one or more optimum methods of preparation, each method extracting different properties from your herb. Aspiring techs should look at the array of possible online pharmacy technician training opportunities prior to the important decisions about education being a pharmacy technician. Location and the sort of employer are the final factors in determining the amount pharmacists make. The pharmacist technician should have the prepared prescription, reviewed by a pharmacist, before dispensing or submitting the completed order to your patient or customer. The application deadline is late April, however it is best to apply much sooner. The narcotics will always be kept in a very safe that merely the pharmacist has usage of. They should also be knowledgeable about pharmaceutical terminology, since they will should know the names of varied medications. If you've legal questions or need other advice, it is possible to lean about the network to assist you.
Donat Mg aide à affronter naturellement les problèmes pendant la grossesse et après l'accouchement.


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Soulbreaker lists
Powerful Items of the Comics Multiverse - MARVEL4
This will be 1 Part of a 3 Part List. In essence, the original list became unwieldy. Please read the entire description before commenting!!! These are not ranked by power level.These are weapons and items of great power both magical and technological...
Marvelous Museum of Artifacts2
Welcome to the Marvelous Museum of Artifacts. On this list you will see all the artifacts in the Marvel Universe (hence the name) that any nerd would love to own. The only items I have not included are materials like Adamantium, Vibranium, etc. Other...
The Collection0
things found in the marvel universe6
Have at Thee! For Asgard!0
Everything to do with Asgard and the Nine Realms.
Uber equipment0
Wonder Woman's Sword
powerfull items ever!!!!!!!!!!!!!!0
Asgardian Artifacts0
Here's a list of weapons and other objects either created in Asgard or imbued with Asgardian magic.
powerful items0
Asgardian Artifacts0
Here's a list of weapons and other objects either created in Asgard or imbued with Asgardian magic.
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Best drawing/doodling app to use with OOiP
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Since OmniOutliner doesn't have any illustration capabilities but does accept copy/pasted images I figured I would try to learn which of the many drawing apps is the best for the job. Two stand out, each for their own particular reasons:
has by far the easiest to access interface coupled with some of the most powerful drawing tools you can get on the iPad. It's not Illustrator but it's close and not nearly a complicated. It 'feels' much like an Omni app so manoeuvring between the two doesn't require the paradigm shift that things like iDesigner require.
What makes iDraw stand out from the others is how quickly you can move between freehand sketches and illustrator like vector objects. No mode switching, it just works.
- While you might think that I'd recommend this for those who need to slap together a quick flow chart or ER diagram it's more of a chore than it perhaps should be. This is due in no small part to OG's awesome flexibility. If you already use OG (and I do every day) and you are a wiz at its peculiarities then by all means use it.
OmniGraffle is definitely not as snappy for freehand work as iDraw. Nor is iDraw as good at rigid diagramming as OmniGraffle. For this reason I recommend both as both can copy/paste into OO just fine.
I also recommend then when bringing graphics in you put them on their own row. You can quickly move that row by dragging in the left margin. Put it under a heading row and you can hide it easily. You can also attach notes to the row as you can other row though selecting the row isn't as intuitive as if it contained text. I usually tap in the left margin.
And of course I always recommend the BoxWave brand stylus. It makes those doodles so much neater :)
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Paris Hilton. Alessandra Grau. Somehow it all makes sense.Read More
Merged in a perhaps different fairytale Marciscano presented its third collection to date.Read More
First day. Up for more...Read More
Go behind the scenes of the third day of Mercedes Benz Fashion Week Panama 2016.Read More
For this upcoming Pre-Fall 2017 the maison's savoir-faire will stay closer at home and will be presented at the same hotel that served as Gabrielle's home for more than three decades.Read More


text: #Freelife Have you eaten for free for days? I have! It's simple. There are so many offers and rewards that companies are willing to give you for free. In this video I got free stuff for my birthday. But I also did another video about eating free on any day. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulMDO... Check out the offers below to start living a #FREELIFE 💖FREE $3 Gift card GET A $3 GIFT CARD NOW from fetch rewards! (new users only) Fetch Rewards Referral Code: CR6MW https://bit.ly/2HnQVuw 👉🏽MUST SCAN AT LEAST ONE GROCERY STORE ON THE APP RECEPT TO ACTIVATE $3 GIFT CARD. 👈🏽 Join my Ibotta team here: https://ibotta.com/r/zwpq Use my referral code, zwpq, and you can get a $10 cash welcome bonus sent to your paypal after you redeem at least one bonus. 💖FREE Tijuana Flats https://tijuanaflats.com/become-a-fla... Auntie Annie's Rewards https://www.auntieannes.com/my-pretze... Moes Birthday Rewards https://www.moes.com/rewards Zaxbys Birthday rewards https://www.zaxbys.com/zax-club FREE Sears money: https://www.shopyourway.com/m/ FREE TGIFridays: https://www.tgifridays.com/mobile-app/ FREE Dairy Queen: https://www.dairyqueen.com/us-en/app/ FREE Captain D's https://www.captainds.com/d-club-and-... FREE Sally's https://www.sallybeauty.com/sally-bea... FREE Chick Fil A https://www.chick-fil-a.com/One FREE Dunkin Https://www.ddperks.com FREE Sonic https://www.sonicdrivein.com/app ALL OF MY CURRENT LINKS AND DEALS CAN BE FOUND HERE: https://linktr.ee/one_cute_couponer Where do I get my coupons from ? 💖To order Pre clipped coupons http://www.wecouponclipz.com Use code:CUTE for 20% off More deals are posted on my IG page. Join me! 💖Follow me on Instagram: @one_cute_couponer 💖Please Like, Comment, and Subscribe. Thanks so much for watching!💖 Business Inquiries/Sponsors: [email protected] #onecutecouponer #couponcommunity #couponing #extremecouponer #budgeting #daveramsey #beansandrice #debtfreecommunity #debtfree #debtfreejourney #teens #collegestudents onecutecouponer couponcommunity couponing extremecouponer budgeting dave ramsey beans and rice debt free community debt free debt free journey #dairyqueen #sonic #dunkin #chikfila #sallys #freemakeup #shopyourway #sears #tijuanaflats free food


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FULLERTON, Calif. – The Titans picked up one win this Friday on day one of the CSUF Spring Invite tournament.
After a delayed start because the courts were still wet from this rainy week, the Titans took the courts against Santa Clara University to play three doubles matches.
Sarah Nuno and Eira Tobrand were teaming up for the first time ever to face Santa Clara's duo of Pothoff and Tabachnik. The Titans were able to pick up their first win of the weekend with a 6-3 win.
In singles play, the Titans faced a really strong opposition. University of Denver won the seven singles matches against the Titans.
Sarah Nuno was the only Titan to force her opponent into a third set but dropped the game after a long battle.
Tiani Jadulang was close to make the game last longer as she served twice to win the second set but ended up losing in a really close tie-breaker at the end of the set.
The full results of this Friday are available here: CSUF Spring Invite Friday Results
The Titans will be looking to bounce back tomorrow as they will face Fresno State University for three doubles matches at 9am PT.
Then, they will take the courts again at 10:15am to face Santa Clara in 6 singles matches.
The full schedule is just one click away: CSUF Spring Invite Schedule
Fans can purchase tickets for various Cal State Fullerton athletic events by visiting FullertonTitans.com/Tickets. The Athletic Ticket Office can also be contacted by phone at 657-278-2783 or by email at email@example.com. The Ticket Office is located at the Titan House off of Gymnasium Drive at the eastern end of the Intramural Fields and is open from 10 am – 4 pm PT, Monday – Friday.
Fans can keep up with the latest in Titan Athletics by following us on Facebook (Facebook/FullertonTitans), Twitter (@FullertonTitans) Instagram (@FullertonTitans) and Snapchat (FullertonTitans). In addition, the women's tennis team has its own Twitter (@FullertonWTEN) and Instagram accounts (@FullertonWTEN).


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We woke on a beautiful sunny morning to the roar of lions on a nearby farm. All family and wedding guests that stayed at the wedding lodge shared a lovely breakfast before we started getting ready for the big day. The stress of the ensuing months started to fade away as our hairdresser began her magic and the make up artist performing her artwork. As the day went by the reality of this big step in our lives slowly started to set in. The excitement of marrying my best friend and love of my life grew to the highlight of walking down the isle and seeing my husband to be on the other end. Everything went according to plan and all the hard work and months of planning came together in the stunning day and evening.
We went to Mont Aux Sources in the Drakensberg.
I went for a soft feminine, but very natural look. My hair were done by a long time family friend Lizette of Lihair Studio. My make up was done by Alta from Face design. My wedding dress were made with love by our neighbor and dear friend Elmarie Rust. The design was created from a few photos and came together in a lovely all lace wedding dress. I preferred to wear very minimalistic jewelry which were designed by Pêrel Skatkis.
We got married at Blue Moonlight lodge, now The Conclave country lodge. The lodge offered accommodation for most of our guests who wanted to stay over. We decided on a weekend celebration as my birthday was on the Friday and our wedding on the Saturday.
I followed a strict exercise program, as I believe in a healthy lifestyle. I drank lots of water to keep my skin healthy. I used a home teeth whitening kit to get rid of stains.
My parents made all the table decor. We decided on wooden underplates, which were made from used pallets. The table runners and chair bows were made from hessian. I choose a variety of soft pastel colored flowers. The flowers decorations were done in wooden boxes by Flowerzone at the Flower market in Johannesburg. The ceiling drapings were done by Softlight decor. Our wedding gifts were handmade fudge and apricot jam in jam jars by my parents and mother in law.
We choose a bushveld look with beige trousers and white shirts with a bow tie and suspenders. We found the suits and the groomsmen clothes at Designer warehouse in Johannesburg and the shoes at Aldo.
The bridesmaids dresses were long soft dresses in apricot color.
Our dominee, Ds Henk Stavast of the Gereformeerde kerk, Totiusdal.
Our photographer was Annelie from Fotoclix, She captured our special day in the most beautiful photos. We had a lot of fun
with all family and friends at the wedding booth.
No, I planned everything.
All food were prepared by the very capable staff of Blue Moonlight lodge. Our cake was made by Little bee and the stunning cake topper by Aranda Botha, a neighbour we luckily came across. The chocolate mousse caramel cupcakes were specially made by Woolworths.
Our invitations were made by Amelia from La Luna invitations. The wedding newspaper was designed by my mother and printed by Zero plus printers.
As the wedding guests stayed over for the whole weekend, they got to know each other quite well. Thus the mood was very relaxed and the celebrations went on till early the Sunday morning. Our DJ was Mega music. We enjoyed a lovely breakfast before departing the Sunday morning.


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After experiencing 2018's grandest event at the Converse One Star Hotel earlier this year, I'm always on the lookout to see which direction the brand is going to go in next and who they chose to collaborate with.
Which leads on to my latest and first ever visit to the Converse UK office to experience their latest match-up with Hello Kitty.
Now, I'm a big fan of collaborations. Most of the time both parties do a good job of bringing out the best in one another to play off each one's strengths to create a great product for the consumer. Seeing the moves they're making and who they chose to align themselves with, I feel Converse has a good eye and their latest collection with the Japan giant is a good one.
Both brands share a playful ethos that is simply complimentary.
Brand experiences are such fun because you get to live out these characteristics through your senses: smells, sounds, tastes. I really had fun previewing the apparel collection and four silhouettes. It was a very 'cute' space as you would expect from Sanrio's Hello Kitty with a vibrant platter of sushi and matcha finger food, nail bar and gif-creation station.
There's a cuteness overload to the classic high top and low top Converse, plus two renditions of the One Star.
With a focus on the character responsible for crowning the company with the title of 'third highest-grossing franchise of all time,' you'll find the mouth-less character's face and pink bow on every angle.
The sweeping of Japanese culture, especially in the animation industry comes as no surprise to those of us in the west. It has happened time and time again, with the likes of Pokemon and the anime culture as a whole. Hello Kitty is another major player, if not the queen of captivating the light-hearted and fun-minded global audience.
And here they are bringing it to us again in the form of sneakers.
I believe more pieces are still set to drop between the two, so keep an eye out on Converse and Asos for those – everything pictured here releases today, August 16th. Sizes are unisex and range from kids' to men's size 13 and a price range of approx $50 – $125.
For the full brand experience and further products shots, visit my Instagram here.


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Binny Bansal sold about 54 lakh of equity shares worth Rs 531 crore to Walmart.
Flipkart co-founder, Binny Bansal.
New Delhi: Flipkart co-founder, Binny Bansal, on Monday sold about 54 lakh of equity shares worth Rs 531 crore to the Walmart's Luxembourg entity FIT Holdings SARL, as reported by IANS.
"Walmart increased its equity holding in Flipkart by buying 5,39,912 shares of its erstwhile co-founder Binny Bansal for USD 76 million through its Luxembourg-based entity FIT Holdings SARL," said the Chennai-based Paper.vc in an e-mail to IANS.


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The UN is often a corrupt and inept bureaucracy with no oversight or your willingness. They are so ham-fisted they would fail a peacekeeping pursuit for Lancaster County Pennsylvania (Home of the Amish.). Besides their unaccountability and secrecy, their next biggest problem is their morally superior, non-judgmental policy of admitting tyrannical members. They idealistically hope until this policy will help these countries transcend tyranny and come to be democracy. But merely is that it only serves to protect and bolster these brutal regimes.
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I got into real estate investing because I desire to make some serious profit. I was sick and bored with struggling financially and I hated coming home tired every night. Well, I found real residence. I started doing some single family deals but after awhile, I learned that I nonetheless as broke as I believed i was when Initially when i first started. I wanted cash flow and I want to it rapidly. Go after bigger fish. Commercial property investment deals offer part of the greatest net income and returns for it dollar. The amount of units and the size of the properties brought the largest returns for your amount associated with your and money I had invested any kind of deal.
Sit down and write three things you would to help accomplish like a commercial home owner or buyer and seller. It is important to note generally there are no wrong facts.
You performing all this from your drawing position. Contact your realtor online and request him or her pay out for a trip to your property so as to appraise its market get pleasure from. Once you realize the value of your property, just plan your further action with your broker or agent and put it for sale. If you want to trade your property in Fresh Meadows Property fast, be flexible in your dealing. Give your agent and broker a free hand to finalize package for anybody.


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Dunedin Airport Adventure
Dunedin Airport is a great holiday destination for travellers wanting to combine their love of the outdoors with their adventurous spirit. Dunedin Airport adventure activities suit all levels of confidence and sense of adventure.
Select Dunedin Airport Adventure Attractions and Activities from the list below. Alternatively select a different area.
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INFLITE - Mount Cook
INFLITE - Mount Cook
Mobile-friendly - INFLITE Mount Cook Ski Planes and Helicopters are the only company to offer glacier landing flights in both ski planes and helicopters. Experience the natural quiet of Tasman Glacier and absorb the ever changing landscape of the Southern Alps including NZ's highest mountain, Aoraki/Mt Cook. INFLITE Mount Cook is proudly Qualmark Gold & only 5 minutes from Aoraki/Mt Cook Village.
Select by Map
This New Zealand map does not display any listings on the map itself but may provide navigation by clicking on map symbol. Alternatively select a category or a region from the main links to find and view tourism businesses.


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Your chance to become a comedy star. Do you think you have what it takes?
Every month, the Canvas Laugh Club runs this open mic, a free-for-all for budding comedians.
As an audience member, you can come and watch new talent take its first daunting steps into the spotlight. You`ll see some comedy gold and hear some tragic attempts of the kind that you can never unhear.
As performers, they provide the best comedy stage in the city, a modest audience, and a microphone. You bring the funny.
Note: Artists may change due to external factors.
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How 5G got tied up in a trade war between Trump and China• https://www.cnet.com
President Trump's ban of Huawei and the ongoing trade war with China could have big implications for the future of 5G.
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President Trump's ban of Huawei and the ongoing trade war with China could have big implications for the future of 5G.
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Safety precautions: Extremely potent use with care. Consult a professional reference for correct dilution ratios prior to application.
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Ah, the joys of the annual summer road trip.
It's just you, your family or friends, and the great open road before you. As we have suggested in a previous article, a road trip could be just what you need this summer. What could possibly go wrong?
While you are sure to have an adventure or two while you're out exploring the highways and byways, you might also have the occasional misadventure as well. These unfortunate mishaps could ruin your time away, so rather than coming home with memories that will permeate your dreams forever, you might come home with memories that will only fuel your nightmares.
So, whether you're about to load up your car or visit a new RV dealership in preparation for your trip, these are just a few of the misadventures you need to avoid.
Misadventure #1: A police chase
You're not a supervillain (we assume), so why would the police want to track you down? Well, when it's just you and the open road, you might be tempted to put your foot down occasionally, especially if the road ahead is clear. While a little bit of speed can be exhilarating, it can also bring you into trouble with the law if you exceed the speed limits. You might also incur the flashing lights of the police if you engage in battles with other road users who test your patience, or if your vehicle has a missing tail light or some other noticeable malfunction. So, to avoid a police chase, drive safely, stick to the speed limits, and make sure your car or RV is fully functional before you leave your home.
Misadventure #2: Getting lost in the middle of nowhere
Okay, so a road trip is all about exploring the world around you, and sometimes taking the roads less traveled. Who knows what you might find around the next corner? However, you still need to take care. While it's fun to veer off the main route occasionally, you don't want to take one wrong road too many and then end up being so far away from your travel path that you don't know where you are. This will be especially problematic of nighttime when your visibility is reduced, and the temperatures are on the chilly side. So, to ensure you don't run into trouble, make sure you have your sat-nav with you or download a GPS app on your phone. And talking about your phone, you should also bring your charger with you to keep it fully juiced up. You can then call the police or your family and friends if you do get lost. Be sure to load your car with blankets, snacks, and water too, as you will need to stay warm, energized, and hydrated if you do get stuck for an extended period of time.
Misadventure #3: Dealing with a supervillain
Again, we are assuming that you aren't a supervillain, but we can't say the same about other people you might encounter en route. When on the roads, your life could be put in danger by a reckless motorist. You might pick up a hitchhiker who isn't to be trusted. And you might have your belongings stolen when you have parked up your car or RV and gone for a wander. You need to be alert then, and while the word 'supervillain' is probably a bit of a stretch for the miscreants you might meet en route, you still don't want to fall foul of them. Avoid dangerous drivers as much as possible, read this guide on picking up hitchhikers, and never ever leave your valuables in your vehicle when you are taking time to explore on foot.
Thanks for reading, and enjoy your road trip!
Latest posts by Rory (see all)
- Landmarks in New York you have to see - 12th September 2019
- Parts Of The World That Are Waiting To Be Explored - 6th August 2019
- Tips for staying safe on the road - 27th July 2019


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'That's Mickey Harte, that's mind games' - Owen Mulligan claims Tyrone boss had hand in timing of Tyrone's TG4 documentary
CALL him crazy – and plenty have many, many times – but Owen Mulligan has a theory.
In fact, he's nearly certain.
The 'Unbreakable Bond' documentary about the emergence of the Tyrone team he was on, the group of men that broke new ground for football in the county but experienced real and repeated personal tragedy, that was screened on TG4 last Sunday was, he reckons, a plant.
"That wasn't supposed to come out this week," Mulligan, who was interviewed as part of the show, says with a smile.
"That wasn't supposed to come out this week at all.
"I have a strong feeling that Harte had something to do with that, do you know what I mean? That's the sort of cuteness he has.
"The feedback on social media over it was unbelievable. I got a private text myself.
"It was very emotional to watch that. I forgot about some of the stories, it was really, really good to watch. But that's Harte, that's mind games that Harte is playing."
GAA Newsletter
Obvious follow-up question number 1: When was it supposed to come out?
"Another couple of months yet," Mulligan asserts.
"I don't think it was meant to come out this week…actually I know for a fact it wasn't meant to come out this week because I was actually chatting to the fellas that made it."
Obvious follow-up question number 2: Why?
"He's cute at that there because in interviews he's given he has said, 'Where's all the bunting? Where's all the flags?'
"Next thing, bang, everything comes out. So he tries to get into not only the team's head but into supporters' heads.
"And that's why I think we're getting the belief out of them.
"Now call us mad, this is probably the best Dublin team, or the best team that I'll ever see in my lifetime, but Harte has put a massive belief with the interviews he has done."
So Harte's influence extends as far as TG4's scheduling?
And the timing is part of his Machiavellian scheme to whip his county up into a frenzy of self-belief, one the players can't help but be inspired by?
"I know coming out of Croke Park that day we beat Monaghan," Mulligan recalls, "the supporters were saying to me 'If we play like that against Dublin, we are going to get annihilated'.
"I kind of agreed with them on that, they can't afford to play like that again, they're going to have to bring a new intensity to the whole thing but the supporters were kind of holding off and then this week it went full fling.
"The songs have come out, the excitement is there, the build-up is there and it's like the olden days back again, there's a great buzz around."
Mulligan, memorably, had a sparky relationship with the man he now admits is the most stubborn he's ever met.
"Harte, he's not afraid to reinvent himself. He's not afraid to make the big calls. He's axed a few players – I was one of them. If you're not doing the job, he has no loyalty.
"He'll say 'it's for the best of Tyrone.' It's not for the best of him. If he has to make the call on you to better the team, he'll do that.
"And that's why he's so good."
For all that, Mulligan – who famously scored two goals against Dublin in their 2005 All-Ireland quarter-final and replay saga – says this Dublin team have taken the game to unprecedented levels.
"I've never seen a team like Dublin before. I think the team that I played in would struggle against Dublin as well. They don't care who scores, they complement each other really well. It might be a pass to here (gestures to a short pass) but it's to better their forwards.
"McManamon came on against Galway, he could have scored 2-6 but he passed it on. He could have scored huge in that game but he didn't and the rest of the boys are the same. And that's scary."
"So I think if Tyrone win this All-Ireland, it'll be his (Harte's) biggest achievement."
Subscribe to The Throw-In, Independent.ie's weekly GAA podcast in association with Allianz, for the best in GAA discussion and analysis every week, with some of the biggest names in football and hurling from Joe Brolly, Tomás Ó'Sé and John Mullane.
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Wew, first time doing this in over a year. Pretty nervous >_>
Anyways, yeah, draft is located under the second to last tab, should be obvious.
Before anyone asks, main focus of the article is to evoke amusement, with some underlying uneasiness, as is the case with other TotleighSoft articles.
Embarrassingly rough atm, so all feedback is appreciated.


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MedMark Services, Inc.
401 E. Corporate Drive, Suite 220
Lewisville, Texas 75057
Media Contact: Frank Baumann
Lewisville, Texas (December 17, 2014) – MedMark Services, Inc., announced that it has acquired Georgia Therapy Associates (GTA) in Columbus, Georgia. Georgia Therapy Associates was established in 2002 as a private clinic to provide medication assisted treatment in conjunction with individual counseling. Their mission over the last twelve years has been to support patients as they work toward regaining control of their lives, free from dependence on prescription pain medication or other opioids. Stephen Willis, Program Director, who has managed this program since 2005, will continue to lead the treatment team at the MedMark Columbus location.
David K. White, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer and President of MedMark Services, Inc., commented, "The acquisition of Georgia Therapy Associates expands our Georgia treatment presence to now include locations in Columbus, Savannah and Blairsville. Our priority is for MedMark Treatment Center of Columbus to continue to be the program of choice for those in the Columbus area. We firmly believe MedMark offers patients throughout Georgia the best treatment option for overcoming their dependence on opiates."
Frank Baumann, Senior Vice President of Operations, commented, "With the growing prevalence of prescription pain medication abuse and dependency, MedMark remains committed to providing the necessary resources to deliver the highest quality treatment at our new Columbus location.
About MedMark Services, Inc.:
MedMark Services, Inc., is a growing, specialty healthcare organization, providing addiction treatment and primary care services with an emphasis on quality, patient focused healthcare. MedMark Services operates 27 locations throughout California, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, and Texas. MedMark has developed a growth plan for additional addiction treatment centers through both internal growth and acquisitions. The company's goal is to develop a nation-wide network of high quality, customer focused facilities to address the specific needs of individuals seeking addiction treatment. For more information visit our website at http://MedMark.com and http://MedMarkTreatmentCenters.com.


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Updated 1:00 AM ET, Tue April 16, 2019
Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds.
(CNN)The world watched on Monday as a fire engulfed the historic Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, causing the collapse of the cathedral's iconic spire and the destruction of its roof structure, which dated back to the 13th century.


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The first and most obvious thing that needs to be discussed when talking about Pterosaur evolution is what exactly they are, or rather, where they belong in relation to other animal groups. When first discovered, nobody was really sure what to make of them, and thus they were often depicted as Mammal-like, similar in appearance to Bats. This was in part to explain how these clearly "warm-blooded" animals could have existed, as at the time it was still believed that all Reptiles were sluggish and incapable of fast and efficient movement. Since then, as we learned more about these animals, it became apparent that they were indeed "Reptilian", more closely related to Squamates and Crocodiles than Bats or any other mammals. This view has only been strengthened since then, and for the last several decades there has been complete consensus that they are indeed Diapsids. The question often raised is where in the Diapsid tree they belong. In the past they have been variously proposed to be descended from basal-Archosauriforms, Protorosaurs, or Ornithodirans. Today the latter view is the most commonly held, and they are now regarded as a sister-group to Dinosauria, making them stem-Birds.
It must also be mentioned that some, or rather, one person, has argued that Pterosaurs are not in fact Ornithodirans. Neither are they Archosaurs. In his opinion, Pterosaurs are a group of Lizards. In Squamata. This man's name is David Peters, and no qualified Pterosaur researchers agree with his views. He is not himself a Paleontologist, and as such has no expertise on the subject, yet has amassed an incredibly large web-presence via his two websites, ReptileEvolution and PterosaurHeresies. Neither of these sites are trustworthy, and should never be used as references for any extinct animals, Pterosaurs or not.
Scleromochlus, also by Mark Witton
The earliest distinctive Pterosaur ancestors split off from the Dinosaur lineage around 230 million years ago, in the late Triassic. At this point, the animals had not yet gained their distinctive morphology, and the earliest Pterosaurs would have heavily resembled their Dinosauromorph-kin. We do not know of any confirmed non-flighted early Pterosaurs, so instead we tend to look to the basal Ornithodirans, who undoubtedly resembled early Pterosaurs in anatomy and lifestyle. The first of these animals we will be talking about is Scleromochlus. An early member of Ornithodira from the Carnian era of the Triassic, Scleromochlus was a small and agile animal. Similar in anatomy to the lizards of Squamata, one of its most distinctive features was the incredibly long legs it possessed. Due to this, it would probably have been capable of jumping quite effectively, as depicted in the above image. How exactly it lived is uncertain, but it would probably have subsisted mostly on Insects and other small Arthropods living in the many deserts of the Triassic.
Another typical early Ornithodiran was Lagosuchus. While not a Pterosaur ancestor, instead being a basal Dinosauromorph, Lagosuchus was, like Scleromochlus, probably representative of the basic anatomy and bauplan of the earliest Pterosaurs. As with Scleromochlus, Lagosuchus possessed long hind limbs, allowing it to move bipedally. It, along with its relatives such as Marasuchus, would have been effective predators of small animals, possibly including early Mammals, which were just beginning to emerge during their time. From these various genera, spread across multiple Ornithodiran lineages, we can conclude that the earliest Pterosaurs were probably small, bipedal creatures, dwelling in the Triassic deserts and forests. They may have been common parts of their faunas, though the lack of fossils makes this uncertain, and they were certainly diminutive animals, only attaining larger ecological roles when they finally took flight.
Peteinosaurus, by Nobu Tamura
The first known Pterosaurs were already flighted, and lived during the late Triassic, indicating that the group probably first emerged during the later half of the mid Triassic. These animals included Preondactylus, a small and long-tailed creature that lived in Italy, 228 million years ago. It would have hunted aerial insects and other such creatures, and was probably a poor flier, as were most early Pterosaurs. It is quite possibly that, while capable of powered flight, these early members of their lineage in fact mainly used their wings for gliding or short flights, instead preferring to hunt terrestrially. Another early Pterosaur was Peteinosaurus, a relatively poorly known animal whose fossils consist of several juveniles, none of which have heads, and some of which may not even belong to Peteinosaurus. From what we can tell, it too was a long-tailed, small-bodied animal, much like Preondactylus. Another Italian Pterosaur was Eudimorphodon, which despite its name was not related to the Jurassic Pterosaur. This animal lived at the very end of the Triassic, a few million years before the T-J extinction event. Unlike many other Triassic Pterosaurs, Eudimorphodon was not in fact a basal member of the group, and had several more derived traits. Its dental structure is indicative of a Piscivorous diet, what that has since been verified by the discovery of fish in an individual's stomach. This is interesting, as there is little evidence of later Pterosaurs living off fish. The classic "skim-feeding" hypothesis, which posits that some Pterosaurs fished by swooping across the surface and scooping up fish, has become increasingly more unlikely the more we learn about Pterosaur anatomy, and as such, it may be that the Piscivorous Pterosaurs, Eudimorphodon included, hunted by swimming down and catching their prey in a more conventional manner.
Dimorphodon, once again by Mark Witton
We now come to the only "famous" Pterosaur I will be discussing today, Dimorphodon. A fairly small and oddly proportioned animal, Dimorphodon lived during the early Jurassic, around 190 million years ago. It is notable for being the oldest Pterosaur for which three dimensional remains have been preserved, though no complete fossils have ever been found. Despite this, an abundance of individuals have been known for over a century, giving us a complete view of the animal despite the fragmentary fossils. Dimorphodon may be a relative of earlier Pterosaurs such as the aforementioned Peteinosaurus, but given the shaky state of Pterosaur phylogeny, this is far from certain. By far the most obvious and peculiar thing about this animal is, as the picture above quite aptly demonstrates, the size of its skull. While not particularly impressive compared to later animals such as the Azhdarchids, it is still far larger than that of other early Pterosaurs, and represents the beginning of a trend that would eventually result in truly odd-proportioned beasts. The reason why Pterosaurs, Dimorphodon included, were capable of having such enormous heads is because of the hollow and airfilled nature of their bones, meaning that what may look particularly large and clumsy for a Mammal, is in fact relatively lightweight on a Pterosaur. Dimorphodon was a very strong-legged animal, with particularly beefy hind limbs. During the 80s and 90s, this fueled quite a lot of debate over whether it was in fact a bipedal Pterosaur, but this has since been proven to be unlikely, since many other features of its anatomy indicate it would be very poorly suited for such a method of locomotion.
More plausible is the idea that Dimorphodon was an adept hunter on the ground, capable of chasing downs its prey. This is backed up by the fact that the animal had proportionally quite small wings, which may have meant it was a so-called "reluctant flier", much like Grouse and Anseriforms today, which prefer to remain on the ground. In fact, research by some scientists has indicated that Dimorphodon may have been a very poor flier in general, possibly only using its wings to escape predators. If so, this would represent an interesting side branch of the Pterosaur tree, one in which an early member of the lineage actually partly returned to the ground, a clear example of how evolution is not in fact a linear process.
More plausible is the idea that Dimorphodon was an adept hunter on the ground, capable of chasing downs its prey. This is backed up by the fact that the animal had proportionally quite small wings, which may have meant it was a so-called "reluctant flier", much like Grouse and Anseriforms today, which prefer to remain on the ground. In fact, research by some scientists has indicated that Dimorphodon may have been a very poor flier in general, possibly only using its wings to escape predators. If so, this would represent an interesting side branch of the Pterosaur tree, one in which an early member of the lineage actually partly returned to the ground, a clear example of how evolution is not in fact a linear process.
Dorygnathus with a hypothetical tail form.
The last two genera that I will be discussing here are Campylognathoides and Dorygnathus, both from the early Jurassic of Germany. Campylognathoides had a comparatively short snout, with large eye sockets placed low in the skull, which has lead some researchers to speculate that it may in fact have been Nocturnal. The postcranial of this animal is not very well known, and like with Dorygnathus, the tail is a complete enigma. If it was a nocturnal animal, this would have explained how it avoided competing with its similarly sized contemporaries, who would have otherwise hunted much of the same prey. It is the most basal known member of Novialoidae, a group that lasted all the way to the end of the Cretaceous. Dorygnathus was also a member of Novialoidae, more specifically, it is an early Rhamphorhynchine, and basal to the group. A fairly typical early Pterosaur, it would probably have hunted bugs and other small Arthropods, though it may, as was the case with Dimorphodon, have been a capable hunter on the ground. Interesting to note is that evidence of Pycnofibres is reported on a specimen of Dorygnathus, which is yet more confirmation that this form of integument was ancestral to the group.
Preondactylus from AMNH
All in all, the early Pterosaurs were fascinating, if not particularly diverse animals. Unlike Bats, who suddenly appear in the fossil record during the Paleogene, Pterosaurs allow us to much more thoroughly track the evolution of flight, giving us an insight into how this group first emerged. For evolution by natural selection to take place, the adaptations gained must be advantageous, and it is evident in Pterosaurs that even during their earliest days, they were graceful and perfectly well adapted creatures, hallmarks of their habitats as definitive as birds are today. While it is easy to think of them as an ancient and archaic group, Pterosaurs emerged at the same time as the ancestors of birds, and the only real difference is that they have not had the misfortune of meeting us. Thus, while they may no longer be with us today, it is important to understand their evolutionary history, in order to fully comprehend what role these amazing creatures played back in those days long past.


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WINE set, 2 pcs. (wine stopper and wine pourer)Mirror polished stainless steel Wine and Bar 3581656
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Inspired and authentic, this state-of-the-art set allows the wine lover to celebrate his or her passion to the fullest.
Created with the same level of care that the connoisseur has for his collection, it is a fitting tribute to the glorious world of wine.
The pourer has been equipped with an OxiPour™ function which ensures a correct aeration of the wine in order to keep the fine nuances of aroma and flavour. For more information please see: www.ideas-denmark.com
- Item number: 3581656
- Materials: Mirror polished stainless steel, ABS plastic
- Measurements: WINE Pourer: H: 135 mm Ø: 30 mm. WINE Stopper: H: 61 mm W: 72 mm D 47 mm
- Design year: 2012
- Collection: Wine and Bar