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Ruth's Chris Steak House - Louisville
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Ruth's Chris Steak House in Louisville, KY serves the finest USDA Prime beef available, broiled at 1,800° and served on 500° plates, so your steak stays hot, juicy and delicious from first bite to last. Enjoy our New Orleans-inspired appetizers, USDA Prime steaks, fresh seafood, signature side dishes and homemade desserts. All this while you enjoy our warm, inviting atmosphere and Ruth's Chris' genuine hospitality. So whether you're a regular or have just been wondering what all the buzz is about, Ruth's Chris is the perfect excuse to enjoy the perfect night out. Dinner is served nightly, reservations are suggested and private dining and offsite catering may be arranged.
Took an hour to get our food. Waiter was so so. Food was great.
Ask for a table where you don't have to stare into the sun. Food and service were great, but pricey.
We had a reso for 8pm for 7. We arrived early around 7:45 and weren't seated until almost 8:40. Our server had been double sat with 2 large parties and wasn't equipped to handle it. Furthermore, there wasn't anyone offering to help him. It took half an hour to get drinks and by then everyone was starving and irritated. We were celebrating TWO 40th bdays in our party (inc my husbands) and the whole night ended up being pretty frustrating. Also- he asked about what we were celebrating and then nothing else was done about it- a special desert, etc. We've dined at at least 10 Ruth's around the world and this was by far the worst. Disappointed bc it's my husbands fav restaurant.
Thank you for your candid review. We strive for the highest brand standards in terms of quality, service and atmosphere. We would welcome the opportunity to earn back your business. Please send your contact information, including a phone number, to us as a private message so we may speak to you directly. Thank you!
Service and food were both excellent, however the noise level would not allow a pleasant dining experience. I have always enjoyed Ruth's Chris, however, my evening experience was poor due to loud and unruly patrons with no regard for other diners. A shame
Thank you for your feedback, Roger. We hold ourselves to the highest brand standards for food quality, atmosphere and service. We do hope you'll consider giving us a second chance to make a great impression. Should you wish to discuss your concerns in greater detail, please with your contact information including a phone number.
Great everything. We'll be back.
Very much what you would expect from Ruth's Chris: high end food and service for high end prices. Food was very good, just a slight notch below what we've had at other similar establishments.
Excellent food, excellent service. A server spilled a Shirley temple all over the table and got some on my wife's purse. Everyone apologized profusely. Accidents happen! The manager came over and comped our desserts and offered to pay for cleaning/replacement. Exactly what any restaurant SHOULD do, but Ruth's just did it better.
Our waiter was absolutely amazing!
My night out with friends started great. Our waitress, Stacey, was so friendly. However it went downhill quickly. We first asked if anything could be done about the temperature - the room was freezing. We asked a second time and she said she'd get me a sheet to wrap around me. That still never showed and we asked another waitress who passed by and she kindly found me a coat in the lost and found. Stacey was at our table later when a rude cook came out of the kitchen asking her to explain our salad order (2 salads split with 3 people - it wasn't hard). He then brought out the salads and slammed the tray on the stand, embarrassing Stacey. Not 2 minutes later the same guy came out with our entrees and asked if we were ready. Uh, you just brought us our salads so you would know we aren't ready for entrees yet. We spoke to the manager at this point and he apologized and said he would address it. Later, when the entrees were brought, they brought me the wrong steak so my friends had to wait for them to cook my steak. Stacey apologized and offered a free desert which i was not interested in anyway. My friends' steaks were terrible and they only ate a few bites because it was too hard to cut. In the end, we got a whopping $25 off our bill.
I know Stacey felt horrible as she came over again and apologized profusely. I know it was heartfelt, but everything was off about the dining room and it was so disappointing.
Every two years, this group of friends get together for one last evening to celebrate our friendship (we live in different cities, and one being from Australia). We always choose an upscale restaurant for our last meal. This was such a disappointment for what we paid. We'll find another place next time in Louisville.
BTW, if you do eat here, have dinner in the bar - the ladies there were fantastic.
Thank you for your review. We are very sad to hear that you did not enjoy your most recent experience with us, and we would like to work to make it right. Please reach out to us directly with your contact information, including a phone number. We hope to hear from you soon.
We had the best evening at Ruths' Chris! We were celebrate birthday and were treated like kings and queens. Our server Christopher, made us feel like we were the only people in the room. He offered great suggestions, which we used, and our dinner was delicious and beautifully presented! We ordered one dessert and he brought 4! We just had a delightful evening!
Thank you Christopher!!
We were there for a small birthday gathering of 4 people and we were seated in the way too small and cramped for 500 people bar area. Apparently there was some kind of event going on and we could barely hear our own thoughts. It would have been nice to have been seated in some other part of the restaurant. Other than that Garth was a fantastic server and the food was absolutely amazing.
Birthday family dinner. Lovely. Pleasant, friendly staff.
While waiting to be seated we listened to a customer bicker with staff about his track suit (dress code violation) while he cursed on is phone. He should have been told to leave. Side dishes like mashed potato's and creamed spinach were fine but not great. Wife got crab cakes and they were dry and mediocre. Waiter dropped and broke glass near our table and customers stepped on glass because they walked away to get a dust pan. Overall it was underwhelming for 185 bucks.
Joel, thank you for your candid review. Please rest assured that in this Ruth's Chris, as well as all others, our intention is to provide the highest and finest quality with regard to both food and service, not to mention hospitality - much like Ruth would have done herself. Should you wish to discuss your concerns in greater detail, please reach out to us directly with your contact information including a phone number. Thank you!
Anniversary dinner!
Fabulous! Perfect night
Beautiful sunset views during dinner. You can go outside for photos to remember your special day. Excellent service in an upscale atmosphere. I know they are known for their steaks but I always get the sea bass. Sea bass is wonderful it's a slight sweet twist from the Citrus butter and pineapple sweet potato hash.
It was an outstanding meal to celebrate my birthday! 😋
We had a 7:15 reservation and showed up on time to be seated about 7:35 or 7:40.
We were seated in the back where several parties were going on, making things very loud.
Servers were excellent but "the kitchen is backed up" and we did not receive our main course until ~8:30-40.
I can't speak for others in my party but my $59 T-bone was fair at best. I ordered it rare, which was cooked to order but every bite was gristle and hard to chew. I find it hard to believe this was a prime steak. The others ordered filets and we pleased with those.
The calamari opener was $18 for a small plate and not a great value.
I spent >$400 for a family of 4 and will choose another restaurant next time. When you spend that kind of money, you just can't take the risk of a poor experience
Thank you for your feedback. We have received your note which includes your contact information. I have logged your feedback as an official corporate complaint and have shared your comments with our Regional Vice President and management team for this location. They would like to reach out to you personally to speak with you about your experience. You can expect to hear from someone within the next 2-3 business days. Thank you for taking the time to share your feedback.
Our 2 waiters were great. Food was very good. Steak was perfect. Why wife wore black pants and the hostess saw this and gave her a black napkin cause the white napkin would shed on her pants
Unbelievable. Amazing food surpassed only by excellent service by Ryan and staff
We went for our anniversary. Got there early to have a drink on the deck, the views were beautiful but the deck and furniture there was not clean, dated, and just fair. Had to wave down servers to get a drink. Got to our table for dinner, and they had a few rose petals on the table but that was it and no one seemed to care that it was a special day other than they brought out a strawberry shortcake at the end. I don't like strawberry shortcake and had they asked I would have told them. Food is good, but overpriced. Server's assistant kept taking my silverware (I had to ask for it twice). Definitely not worth the money we spent, sadly.
We appreciate you celebrating with us. Our goal is to create positive lasting memories for our a guests and we do hope you'll consider giving us a second chance to make a great impression. Should you wish to discuss your concerns in greater detail, please reach out to us directly with your contact information including a phone number.
We loved the food! Outstanding as usual!
We waited 50 minutes to be seated (past our reservation time). Then, we were seated at someone else's table and they just removed the anniversary card sitting there and told us to ignore the rose petals around the table. Our waiter was very confused.
Also, there is a posted dress code with zero enforcement. We've come an average of twice a year for the last decade and may never go back after this experience. There were people in sweat pants, exposed undergarments, ball caps, and despite the signs, they were still around. The women's restroom ran out of toilet paper completely and looked as though it could fit into a place that costs 1/3 what this does.
For what you pay to eat here, I expect at least some effort to make it a nice experience. I could have gone to Outback and experienced a better atmosphere than we did at Ruth's Chris. It's such a shame. The food is still excellent, but this experience may have cost you 4 long time customers.
Our goal is to provide only the best food and service to each and every guest. We truly appreciate your feedback because it helps us improve. So that we can make things right, please send your contact information in a private message and please include a phone number so we may speak to you directly. Thank you!
We had the Tomahawk steak for two and it was cooked perfectly. Service was attentive but not oppressive. It was a great evening out.
Our 40th wedding anniversary. We always celebrate at a Ruth Chris restaurant. Different location every year. This location was outstanding. Excellent!!!
Our steaks, as always, were second to none. Easily the best steak in Louisville. Our server, Christopher, was equally perfect. Thanks for a great evening!
Food was good, my server very tentative to our needs stayed on top of everything,would make sure we were okay ask if we need anything.
Fun experience in the Kaden Tower, nicely decorated. The steaks are yummy.
Fantastic. Food amazing service amazing. Our first time there and by far a lot more to come.
Had a great time for my wife's birthday. Can't wait to return.
Thanks for the great review, Mark, and for choosing us to host your wife's special day! We look forward to welcoming you back again soon!
good food and views. will return. like weekly specials
We are so glad to hear this! Thank you for leaving a great review!
Our Anniversary dinner was delicious. Always a special occasion when you dine at Ruth's Chris!
Happy anniversary! We're thrilled that you chose to celebrate with us, and we're glad to hear you enjoyed everything.
We had a great time having a delicious meal. Service was outstanding
Great celebration of39th wedding anniversary
All aspects were superb
Great food and great service. The Seafood Tower is delicious!
very rude people at next table complaining about everything
please dont let them in again
your 40 OZ ribeye shouldnt have a 24 oz bone
This was our third time at Ruth Chris and it will be our last.
The quality of their food has gone down with each visit.
Service and ambiance were excellent, but we were there for great steaks, and they were not!
Kevin, thank you for your candid review. We hold ourselves to the highest brand standards for food quality and what you describe is not consistent with our standards. Please reply to us directly with your contact information, including a phone number so we may speak with you further regarding this experience.
Problems getting the table level so we had to move to another table just before the steaks came out. Steaks were overcooked. Very unlike other visits to my favorite restaurant. I will still go back
We truly appreciate your feedback because it helps us improve. This is not at all the experience we aim to provide. So we can learn more, please consider sending us your contact information, including a phone number. Thank you!
The service was slow as always


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The very lovely @Thatbohogirl devoured the #WickedBlack Pizza & tried guessing the secret ingredient in our black crust! Now it's your turn to make the right guess & win exclusive #WickedBlack merchandise. #DareToTry Available in Pizza Hut Gurugram restaurants only.http://tiny.cc/eqdu8y• • • #Repost @thatbohogirl • • • • • • Fam! I attended the launch of the new @pizzahut_india wicked pizza🍕 It's so yum 🤤 Sugar wants a piece too. Also, new pizza is available across all Pizza Hut outlets in Gurgaon. Try it for yourself and let me know if you can figure out why is the base black? 🤔 #WickedBlack #DaretoTry #WickedBlack #DareToTry #Repost #DaretoTry
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@Shivesh17 and his followers have been coming up with the most #wicked guesses. What do you think makes the black pizza black? If you make the right guess before we reveal it, you can win exclusive #WickedBlack merch. All the best! #DareToTry *Only available in Gurugram ~ http://tiny.cc/eqdu8y• • • #Repost @shivesh17 • • • • • • Howwww is the new @pizzahut_india black pizza black? I've run out of guesses and haven't been able to get it right. What do you think? The all new black pizza is now available across Pizza Hut outlets in Gurgaon. I attended the very fun launch yesterday and loved the pizza so much that I got some back to the studio for my team🍕❤. A team that eats pizza together, works hard together! #WickedBlack #DareToTry #pizza #yum #wicked #WickedBlack #DareToTry #Repost #pizza #yum
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Bifidobacteria are Gram-positive inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract that have evolved close interaction with their host and especially with the host's immune system. The molecular mechanisms underlying such interactions, however, are largely unidentified. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory potential of Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75, a bacterium of human intestinal origin commercially used as a probiotic. Particularly, we focused our attention on TgaA, a protein expressed on the outer surface of MIMBb75's cells and homologous to other known bacterial immunoactive proteins. TgaA is a peptidoglycan lytic enzyme containing two active domains: lytic murein transglycosylase (LT) and cysteine- and histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase (CHAP). We ran immunological experiments stimulating dendritic cells (DCs) with the B. bifidum MIMBb75 and TgaA, with the result that both the bacterium and the protein activated DCs and triggered interleukin-2 (IL-2) production. In addition, we observed that the heterologous expression of TgaA in Bifidobacterium longum transferred to the bacterium the ability to induce IL-2. Subsequently, immunological experiments performed using two purified recombinant proteins corresponding to the single domains LT and CHAP demonstrated that the CHAP domain is the immune-reactive region of TgaA. Finally, we also showed that TgaA-dependent activation of DCs requires the protein CD14, marginally involves TRIF, and is independent of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MyD88. In conclusion, our study suggests that the bacterial CHAP domain is a novel microbe-associated molecular pattern actively participating in the cross talk mechanisms between bifidobacteria and the host's immune system.
The human intestinal microbiota comprises more than 1,000 microbial taxa, which through evolution have adopted different strategies to interact with the host, from commensalism or symbiosis to parasitism (1). A well-established and rapidly growing body of literature demonstrates how deeply the intestinal microbiota is involved in several host physiologic dysfunctions such as obesity, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and cancer (1, 2). Furthermore, there is scientific evidence that certain members of the microbiota more than others play a crucial role in maintaining a physiological homeostasis in the host (3, 4). For instance, bifidobacteria are Gram-positive inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract that have evolved a deep interaction with the host (5, 6, 7, 8). In particular, bifidobacteria, which colonize the human intestine immediately after birth, are the predominant taxon of the microbiota of breast-fed infants and affect the maturation of the host's immune system during the neonatal period, especially the TH1/TH2 balance (9, 10). Accordingly, a relation has been established between allergic diseases and bifidobacterial colonization (11, 12, 13, 14). In fact, allergic patients have exhibited lower Bifidobacterium counts than healthy control subjects. In addition, the species Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum have been isolated from allergic infants as the predominant bifidobacteria, whereas the predominant ones isolated from age-matched healthy infants have been Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, and Bifidobacterium bifidum (13). These findings testify to a plausible link between bifidobacteria and atopy/tolerance balance (15, 16), with certain species such as B. bifidum being potentially crucial in limiting the development of a long-term TH2-skewed immunological memory in infants and, therefore, in preventing allergies. The ability of B. bifidum strains to interact with the host immune system has been reported in several studies (17, 18), but very little information is available concerning the molecular components that support the host-B. bifidum cross talk (8, 19).
Whereas adaptive immunity recognizes a microorganism by its specific microbial molecular components known as antigens, innate immunity relies on recognizing microbe-associated molecular patters (MAMPs), that is, conserved structures present within a class of microorganisms but not in the host tissue (20). Several MAMPs have been identified, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS, also referred to as endotoxin), peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, and bacterial CpG DNA motifs. However, many other yet uncharacterized MAMPs govern the intricate mechanisms of host-microbiota interactions and either help maintain or compromise immunological homeostasis. Consequently, it is critically important to study the immunological role of microbial molecular cell components to decipher the operating principles of the immune system. In this regard, our use of a reductionist molecular approach allowed us to define the immunological role of an intramolecular region belonging to an outer surface enzyme, TgaA, identified in an accompanying paper (21) by comparative genomic analysis in strain B. bifidum MIMBb75.
Bifidobacterial culture conditions.Bifidobacteria were grown under anaerobic conditions (Anaerocult A System; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) at 37°C in prereduced DeMan-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) broth (Difco Laboratories, Inc., Detroit, MI) supplemented with 0.05% l-cysteine hydrochloride (cMRS).
Overproduction and purification of TgaA-derived recombinant proteins.All enzymes and reagents for molecular biology reactions were from Fermentas (Vilnius, Lithuania) or New England BioLabs (EuroClone S.p.A., Pero, Italy). Commercial kits for the extraction and purification of nucleic acids were from MoBio Laboratories (Cabru s.a.s., Arcore, Italy) or Qiagen s.r.l. (Milan, Italy). Vectors pET-Tga, pET-ΔCHAP (where CHAP is cysteine- and histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase) and pET-ΔLT (where LT is lytic murein transglycosylase) (prepared as described in the accompanying paper [21]) were used for the isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-dependent overexpression in Escherichia coli of the recombinant proteins ΔSP-TgaA-His (containing both domains of TgaA protein; also named here recombinant TgaA, or rTgaA, and SPPelB-TgaA in the accompanying paper [21]), protein ΔSP-TgaA-ΔCHAP-His (containing only the LT domain; rLT), and ΔSP-TgaA-ΔLT-His (containing only the CHAP domain; rCHAP), respectively. In brief, mutant E. coli strains were grown in 2× YT (yeast extract, tryptone) broth at 37°C for 2 h before 1 mM IPTG was added, and incubation was prolonged for 4 h. Afterwards, proteins were extracted under denaturing conditions with PerfectPro Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) agarose (5 Prime; Eppendorf Italia, s.r.l., Milan, Italy) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The molecular mass of recombinant ΔSP-TgaA-His, ΔSP-TgaA-ΔCHAP-His, and ΔSP-TgaA-ΔLT-His proteins was confirmed by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis under conditions reported by Taverniti et al. (22). A further purification and removal of residue LPS from recombinant proteins was carried out by analytical or preparative RP-HPLC. After acidification to pH 2 by addition of 0.1% of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), aliquots of 0.1 ml of Ni-NTA-purified protein were injected into a Waters 600 HPLC system fitted with a VYDAC C4 (4.6 by 250 mm; 300-Å pore size; 5-μm particle size) column (Grace, Deerfield, IL). The eluents used for the separation were solvent A, consisting of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in MilliQ-treated water, and solvent B, consisting of 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile. The protein separation was performed at room temperature by using a linear elution gradient (60% to 30% of solvent A in 25 min). Proteins were eluted at a flow rate of 0.8 ml min−1 and monitored at 220 and 280 nm. Protein-containing fractions were collected, and the degree of purification was checked by SDS-PAGE. Finally, eluted fractions were lyophilized and stored at −20°C.
Generation of ΔSP-TgaA-ΔLT-His-specific antibodies and immunogold labeling.The preparation of an antibody against the recombinant protein ΔSP-TgaA-ΔLT-His (rCHAP) was raised in rabbits by Primm s.r.l. (Milan, Italy). Immunogold labeling was performed as described in the companion paper (21).
Expression of TgaA in Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705.All cloning steps for the preparation of the vectors used to transform B. longum NCC2705 were carried out in E. coli XL1-Blue (see Fig. S1 in the supplemental material). In detail, the promoter region from phage T5 (PT5) was obtained from vector pGBL8b (23) through digestion with restriction enzymes BamHI and HindIII. The resulting DNA fragment was introduced in vector pUC19 in the same restriction sites, yielding vector pUC-T5. At the same time, the DNA region containing the gene coding for the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase of pC194 (a natural plasmid of Staphylococcus aureus) with its original promoter was obtained through PCR with primers catBC-f (5′-CATGGATCCATCGATCTGCA-3′; restriction sites BamHI and ClaI are underlined) and catS-r 5′-TACCCGGAGCTCCTCTAGA-3′; the restriction site SalI is underlined) from vector pGBL8b. The resulting amplicon was digested with BamHI and SalI and cloned in pUC-T5 digested with the same restriction enzymes, yielding vector pUT5cat. Subsequently, the gene tgaA was amplified from the chromosomal DNA of B. bifidum MIMBb75 with primers tgaDie-f (5′-AACTTCGTGAGATCTGCCGCGTCCCGCGCCAT-3′; restriction site BglII is underlined) and tgaC-r (5′-GCTCATCGATTTTACTTTCCTT-3′; restriction site ClaI is underlined); the amplicon was digested with enzymes BglII and ClaI and cloned in sites BamHI and ClaI of vector pUT5cat, yielding vector pUTgaCat. Plasmid pUTgaCat was then digested with HindIII and XbaI; then, the restriction fragment containing the gene tgaA was extracted from the agarose gel, purified, and cloned in the same restriction sites of vector pGOSBif33 (24), yielding the final vector pTgaBif5, which was employed for the expression of tgaA in B. longum. The control vector pT5CatBif21 (empty vector) was prepared according to the same protocol, with the exception of the cloning step for the introduction of gene tgaA, which was not carried out. Finally, vectors pTgaBif5 and pT5CatBif21 were introduced in B. longum NCC2705 (courteously provided by Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland) as previously described (23, 24).
RT-PCR.The expression of the gene tgaA from plasmid pTgaBif5 was verified in B. longum NCC2705 by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). For the extraction of RNA, 20 ml of exponentially growing cultures of B. bifidum MIMBb75 were centrifuged for 10 min at 4,000 × g at 4°C in the presence of RNA-Later (Ambion). The pellet was then immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and subjected to RNA extraction using a previously described method, which includes a DNase treatment (25). The quality and integrity of the RNA were checked by Experion (Bio-Rad) analysis. cDNA was synthesized using an iScript cDNA synthesis kit (Bio-Rad), according to the supplier's instructions. PCR was performed with primers B-7x (5′-CACAGTTCATACCGTCCACA-3′) and Bext-f-II (5′-GTAGTTGGTGGTCTCCGTGA-3′) according to the following PCR protocol: 1 cycle of 95°C for 3 min, 39 cycles consisting of 95°C for 30 s, 58°C for 40 s and 72°C for 30 s, and a final elongation step of 72°C for 7 min. The obtainment of an amplicon with the expected size of 260 bp demonstrated the presence of tgaA mRNA in the recombinant NCC2705 strain.
Preparation and analysis of immunofluorescent B. bifidum MIMBb75.B. bifidum MIMBb75 cells were cultivated until early stationary growth phase, harvested by centrifugation, washed once with deionized sterile water, and incubated at room temperature for 10 min with ΔSP-TgaA-ΔLT-His antiserum (1:100 diluted in deionized water). Subsequently, bacterial cells were centrifuged, resuspended in a solution of Cy5-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) (1:10 diluted in deionized water), and incubated for 10 min at room temperature in the dark. Afterwards, stained cells were visualized with a fluorescence optical digital microscope (Leica DM1000; Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) at a magnification of ×1,000.
Study of BMDC activation.Dendritic cells (DCs) were obtained in vitro from bone marrow hematopoietic precursors isolated from C57BL/6 mouse femurs as described previously (26). In brief, hematopoietic precursors were recovered from mouse femoral bone marrow and resuspended in conditioned medium (complete medium supplemented with 10% of the growth supernatant of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]-transduced B16 cells). About 7 × 106 cells were plated in 100-mm suspension plates. The proportion of CD11c+ cells (corresponding to dendritic cells) was monitored periodically by flow cytometry until it reached 90% (ca. 8 days). The bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were then used for bacterial activation assays. On the day of bacterial infection, BMDCs were plated at a concentration of 0.5 million per ml in 96-well plates (105 cells/well). After 1 h, BMDCs were incubated with four different concentrations of bacterial cells for 2 h, washed with saline, resuspended in a culture medium containing penicillin G, streptomycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin, and incubated overnight. Finally, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the supernatant were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using DuoSet kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN). The same procedure was followed to prepare BMDCs from four mutant mouse lines. Wild-type animals were supplied by Harlan Italy. Ticam1Lps2 (Trif−/−) mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory. Myd88−/− and Tlr4−/− mice were provided by S. Akira (IFReC, Japan). Cd14−/− mice were from CNRS d'Orléans (Orléans, France). D1 cell line was cultured in Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (IMDM; Sigma, St. Louis, MO) containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gibco-BRL, Gaithersburg, MD), 100 IU of penicillin, 100 μg ml−1 of streptomycin, 2 mM l-glutamine (all from Sigma), and 50 μM β-mercaptoethanol (in complete IMDM) with 30% supernatant from R1 medium (supernatant from NIH 3T3 fibroblasts transfected with GM-CSF). Unpaired Student's t tests were run to determine statistically significant differences.
Recently, we generated a draft genome sequence of Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75, a probiotic strain with demonstrated ability to interact with the host (19, 27–29). Comparative genomics revealed in MIMBb75's genome the presence of a gene encoding TgaA, a peptidoglycan-lytic enzyme which contains two conserved domains: lytic murein transglycosylase (LT; cd00254.3) and cysteine- and histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase (CHAP; pfam05257.4) (21).
The biomolecular composition of a bacterium's cell wall mainly determines the cross talk processes with the host. In fact, most known bacterial molecules governing bacterial adhesion to epithelia or interaction with immune cells are cell wall constituents (lipopolysaccharides, teichoic and lipoteichoic acids, murein, and proteinaceous adhesins) or cell wall appendages (flagella, pili, and fimbriae) (6, 8, 19, 22). Interestingly, TgaA protein was found to be abundantly expressed and located on the outer surface of MIMBb75 bacterial cells (21). Furthermore, notably, a search of the Conserved Domain Database (30) for the TgaA protein produced a significant match (E value of 8.30e-23) between the CHAP module and the conserved domain COG3942, which has been annotated as a surface antigen. The description of COG3942 originated from two studies that identified the CHAP domain-containing protein as an immune-reactive molecule of Listeria monocytogenes (31) and Streptococcus pyogenes (32). Stimulated by the above data, we evaluated the potential contribution of the TgaA protein to the immunomodulatory activity of the strain MIMBb75.
We assessed the immunological properties of B. bifidum MIMBb75 in parallel and independently of the TgaA protein study and discovered through our immunological model a peculiar immunomodulatory capacity of this strain. In particular, we focused on dendritic cells (DCs), the sentinels of the immune system present at various mucosal sites and especially in the intestinal mucosa. At this site, they may sense the intestinal lumen content (including bacteria) via transepithelial processes by responding to the ligation of the DCs' specific microbe recognition receptors (MRRs) to MAMPs (such as LPS, peptidoglycan, and bacterial and viral nucleic acids) to trigger immune responses (33, 34). Particularly, upon activation and migration to secondary lymphoid organs, DCs induce immunocompetence in lymphocytes through antigen presentation and cytokine production. Hence, DCs form a link between innate and adaptive immunity and are considered arbiters of immunological tolerance (34).
In DCs, a major outcome of the ligation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) may be the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2), which has several effects. In fact, DC-derived IL-2 increases gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production by the natural killer (NK) cells (35), enhances T cell responses in both mice (26) and humans (36), regulates thymic development (37), and promotes regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion and function (38). Furthermore, it has been linked with TH1-skewing stimuli (35). Inducing IL-2 production in DCs can thus steer the adaptive immune system toward preventing TH2 cell-dominated immune responses, such as those associated with allergy (39, 40).
Our experiments showed that out of 12 bifidobacterial strains belonging to six different species and subspecies, the strain B. bifidum MIMBb75 was among the strongest inducers of IL-2 production by murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) (Fig. 1).
Subsequently, we studied the potential immunomodulatory activity of TgaA with the same immunological model we used for bifidobacterial cells. Initially, we cloned a complete tgaA gene (including the original signal sequence for exporting the protein at a cell wall level) in Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705 using a shuttle vector previously developed and used for successful expression of heterologous genes in B. longum (23, 24). We followed this strategy because all of our previous efforts to knock out tgaA had been unsuccessful since this species has been proved to be recalcitrant to genetic manipulation (41, 42). We selected B. longum NCC2705 as the host for tgaA expression after analysis of its whole genome revealed that the tgaA gene as absent in this human intestinal bacterium. Furthermore, our immunological data (Fig. 1) showed that the strain NCC2705, unlike MIMBb75, is incapable of inducing IL-2 expression by BMDCs. We named the recombinant strain we obtained NCC:tga+. After verifying by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and immunogold labeling (see Fig. S2A and B in the supplemental material) that NCC:tga+ expressed the recombinant tgaA gene, we incubated BMDCs with supernatant-free wild-type live cells and recombinant NCC2705 strains and then measured by ELISA the levels of the secreted tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-2. Secretion by BMDCs of the TNF-α cytokine, the principal marker of DC activation, was induced by all bacterial preparations (Fig. 2). In contrast, our experiments showed a significant secretion of IL-2 only when DCs were stimulated with the recombinant strain NCC:tga+ (i.e., NCC2705 transformed with the vector containing the gene tgaA) and not with control preparations (wild-type NCC2705 and NCC2705 transformed with the empty vector) (Fig. 2). Therefore, our data suggest that the TgaA protein may be directly involved in inducing the cytokine IL-2 in dendritic cells.
To further test our hypothesis, we thoroughly purified from E. coli cells the recombinant proteins rTgaA, rLT, and rCHAP by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and subsequent RP-HPLC to remove any residual LPS and extraneous proteins (Fig. 3). Purified proteins were then used to stimulate two dendritic cell models: BMDCs and the D1 cell line, which is a long-term growth factor-dependent immature myeloid (CD11c+ CD8α−) DC line of splenic origin. Our results show clearly that the rTgaA protein can in vitro activate dendritic cells and induce dose-dependent secretion of IL-2 (Fig. 4). A similar stimulatory effect was found with the recombinant protein rCHAP, whereas rLT activated both dendritic cell models only marginally but could not markedly trigger IL-2 expression (Fig. 4). Therefore, the TgaA protein activates DCs and triggers IL-2 secretion by DCs by means of the CHAP domain.
Finally, we studied the pathway induced by the protein TgaA in DCs. Since TgaA can induce TNF-α production by DCs and since the cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) protein is essential in inducing such cytokines in LPS-stimulated DCs (43), we first tested if CD14 might have a role also in recognizing TgaA. As shown in Fig. 5, BMDC activation was totally abolished in the absence of CD14. Since CD14 is the best characterized as a coreceptor for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), we then tested if BMDCs isolated from knockout mice lacking the expression of TLR4 can be activated by TgaA. According to our data, the receptor TLR4 was not necessary to induce TNF-α in BMDCs by TgaA (Fig. 5). Therefore, whereas LPS required TLR4 to induce TNF-α (43), the protein TgaA directly activated the downstream pathways through CD14 or involved CD14 for its presentation to a different unknown receptor, independently of TLR4.
To test if other TLRs might be important to recognizing TgaA by DCs, we used BMDCs derived from mice lacking the transducer of TLR signaling. In particular, TLR downstream signaling can occur via two pathways, which depend on two proteins: (i) the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and (ii) the Toll IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β (TRIF) (44). Surprisingly, we found that without a functional TRIF or MyD88, production of TNF-α by TgaA-stimulated BMDCs was largely preserved (Fig. 5), suggesting that, in dendritic cells, the downstream signaling induced by TgaA could follow a CD14-dependent, TLR-independent signaling pathway.
Collectively, the above data show that TgaA is a cell wall protein of B. bifidum MIMBb75 and contains a C-terminal domain that initiates a CD14-dependent and TLR4-independent signaling pathway, which only partially involves the TRIF adapter protein.
A putative CHAP coding sequence is present in many bacterial genomes and is included in a number of different deduced protein architectures (45). Interestingly, several proteins from Gram-positive bacteria that include the CHAP domain actively interact with the host's immune system. For instance, the Streptococcus pyogenes SibA protein binds all immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses, the Fc and Fab fragments, and also IgA and IgM (32). PcsB, another CHAP-containing protein of Streptococcus spp. and a known antigen of Streptococcus pneumoniae, is capable of activating T cells in humans by inducing strong IL-17A responses (46). Furthermore, P40, a CHAP-containing protein produced by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (perhaps the most studied probiotic strain so far), can inhibit cytokine-induced epithelial cell apoptosis, reduce TNF-induced colon epithelial damage, and promote cell growth in human and mouse colon epithelial cells and cultured mouse colon explants (47, 48). In addition, our study showed that TgaA from B. bifidum MIMBb75 is a cell surface-exposed molecule capable alone through its C-terminal CHAP domain of inducing DC activation and IL-2 production. Based on observed induction of IL-2 secretion, the TgaA stimulatory capacity here described may stimulate dendritic cells to acquire TH1 stimulatory capacity (35). Furthermore, the ability of B. bifidum MIMBb75 and its protein TgaA to induce IL-2 by DCs, together with the previous observation that B. bifidum strains induce an immune response affecting Treg/TH17 plasticity (49), supports the hypothesis that these commensal bacteria have a key role in mucosal tolerance. The presence of specific microbial stimuli, such as the CHAP-containing TgaA protein, may then have served as a way for commensals to coevolve with the host and produce mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis and controlled reactions in the adaptive immune system (i.e., prevent an imbalance in T-helper cell subsets).
Interestingly, a BLASTP search revealed the presence of a gene closely similar to the CHAP domain of TgaA (with more than 80% identity in the amino acid sequence) not only in B. bifidum but also in the genome of B. breve (e.g., GenBank accession number WP_016462813), which is another Bifidobacterium species typically associated with healthy breast-fed infants (13). Therefore, the presence in B. bifidum and other bifidobacteria of molecules similar to the TgaA protein and capable of stimulating the immune system could help explain the ability of these bacteria to protect the host and nurture the immune system in early life (15, 16).
Conclusions.The results of this study can be summarized as follows: (i) both the cells of B. bifidum MIMBb75 and its surface protein TgaA can activate dendritic cells and trigger IL-2 production; (ii) TgaA activates dendritic cells through its CHAP amidase domain; and (iii) the TgaA-dependent activation of dendritic cells requires the protein CD14, only marginally involves TRIF, and is independent of TLR4 and MyD88.
The bacterium B. bifidum MIMBb75, which is of human origin, has probiotic properties (28), and its ability to interact with the host may partly depend on the presence of the CHAP domain of its TgaA surface protein. In conclusion, the bacterial CHAP domain may well be considered a novel, potentially widespread MAMP that may participate in the cross talk mechanisms among Gram-positive bacteria and their mammalian host. The possible physiological consequences of the ability of B. bifidum MIMBb75 and its TgaA protein to activate DCs are schematically summarized in Fig. 6.
This work was financially supported by Fondazione Cariplo (grant 2010-0678).
- Received 5 March 2014.
- Accepted 1 May 2014.
- Accepted manuscript posted online 9 May 2014.
Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00761-14.
- Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.


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Loyalty Points
Loyalty Points
Give your students a thoroughly Christian, biblical introduction to the creation of the world. Six units are divided between two parts: the first presents an overview of the essentials of creationism, while the second explores related topics such as the age of the earth, the evolution model, and intelligent design. Featuring conversational, accessible lessons that can be used with students in multiple grades, this easy-to-use homeschool curriculum will get everyone involved in science. This book features 28 lessons, each designed to take approximately one week.
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For nearly my entire life I've heard "get the U.S. out of the U.N., and the United Nations out of the United States." For a period of my life I found that sentiment somewhat curious. I suffered under the illusion (advanced by government-run school monopolies) that if all the people of the world could meet together, our problems could be resolved. Over the years, however, my position has shifted and hardened. The United Nations is the crucible of tyranny that encourages festering corruption and promotes the elitist mindset. Just as one must lance an infected area, the pus that the U.N. represents must be purged from our shores and cleansed from our nation's agenda.
Looking back at 2009, United Nations diplomats and their flunkies had more than 18 million dollars in unpaid parking tickets to the city of New York and the five boroughs. Understandably, in the grand scheme of international finance and intrigue, this is a paltry sum, but it is representative of the parasitic nature of the United Nation's presence in our land. When the elegant headquarters building was constructed at Turtle Bay in 1952, it appears likely that many were filled with hope and optimism for a new global initiative that would improve the lives of every global citizen. It was another utopian lie. Today the massive structure is crumbling and unsound. Billions of dollars will be required to restore the edifice overlooking the East River to a functional level. Unfortunately, a functional building does not guarantee a functional General Assembly or Security Council.
In a recent column in "Townhall.com" (10/17/2010), former Ohio Secretary of State, Ken Blackwell, proposed relocating the U.N. to Geneva, Switzerland. The international clown school (UN) already has a satellite office there, so Blackwell reasoned that the move to Geneva would drastically lower the costs for maintaining the U.N. headquarters. Given that the United States contributes or is assessed 22% of the UN's annual operating costs amounting to 1.8 billion dollars per year, Blackwell suggested that with a move to Geneva, the United States could reduce its portion to six per cent which is more in line with our portion of the global populace. The savings for our country would exceed 1.3 billion dollars annually. It isn't going to happen. Our political class doesn't have the courage or the foresight to pursue a policy that seems so reasonable. The striped-pant, tuxedo dressed diplomatic corps would vigorously howl if they believed that their opportunities for interacting with the tin-pot dictators of the world might be compromised or made somewhat more difficult.
In January of this year two columnists for "Forbes.com" had a better suggestion for relocating the UN. In my view, it's an inspirational suggestion mainly because I have been promoting this idea since mid-2008. Joel Kotkin and Robert J. Cristiano (1/12/2010)were the authors. Their proposal was for the entire New York infrastructure of the United Nations to be transplanted to Dubai….among the United Arab Emirates. The world's tallest building, the Burj Khalifa, was completed in January. It soars 2700 feet into the air, has 160 floors and contains 3.3 million square feet of unoccupied space. Only ten per cent of the structure is currently occupied, so the UN would have ample space, a world-class airport and every imaginable amenity available for its self-indulgent representatives and staff. In addition, there is ample parking space available so that New York wouldn't shoulder the loss of all those unpaid parking tickets. By the way, that $18 million in unpaid tickets could fund 20-30 cops per year including bribes. This Dubai remedy seems to me to be a win-win-win-win solution. The building owners increase the occupancy, the UN gets a brand spanking new facility with much more space, the Third World nations will be gratified to have the global busy-body in their midst, and the United States' taxpayers can save some bucks. To me, this is the perfect solution short of our total withdrawal from the UN (which I prefer). As a starter, I want them out of sight and out of mind. Instead of soiling Manhattan, the clowns can play in the Mid East litter box. As Iran becomes feistier, the elegant diplomats can stand on the helipad at the top of the building, and track the incoming ordinance.
If Frank Sinatra were still with us, he would probably sing, "Dubai, Dubai, Doooo."
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Monday, December 13, 2010
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Meet John, Our Youngest Resident
We at East Ridge Residence, and The Victory Lap, a Nashville organization are bringing generations together by housing older foster youth in retirement communities, are teaming up to provide a new home for John, a young man in Partnership's Independent Living Program.At 4 pm on, July 1st, 2019, at East Ridge Residence off 1417 North Mack Smith Road in East Ridge, TN, the seniors at the community welcomed John, their newest resident, with special t-shirts, pom-poms and a cannonball into the pool, with swimming being one of John's favorite pastimes.
Resident Spotlight
Jack is Back!
We at East Ridge Residence want to give a big and warm welcome back to our dear resident, Jack, after being gone from the community for almost 2 months. Those days and nights were just not the same without him here, as many residents and staff shared.It was truly a beautiful early spring morning on April 1st, 2019, here at East Ridge, and Jack was taking that morning to start working on his famous vegetable garden that he does every year since moving into East Ridge in 2017. Always being an avid gardener, he wanted to be sure he could continue to enjoy this hobby of his here at East Ridge. Jack was able to select an area on the community grounds to create his new garden at his new home when he arrived in March of 2017. He fills his garden with tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers which he shares with all the residents and staff here every year – they rave about his fresh garden vegetables all year long! Along with his gardening and sharing the fruits of his labor with all here at East Ridge, Jack is such a true gentleman who loves to be around people and socialize. Just about every evening after dinner one can find Jack walking a few of the ladies back to their apartments just to make sure they get back home safely. Then he heads back up to the lobby area, which is really more a large family living room than a lobby, to gather with his friends and complete his daily crossword puzzle – where he engages the other residents and whomever is working at the front desk with his conversation and laughter. Upon his first night back to East Ridge Residence this week, those residents and staff who would spend their evenings with Jack and his crossword puzzle entertainment, were so excited to have their Jack back as well as their evening routine, they had their own Welcome Back Jack evening crossword puzzle gathering party!
Associate Spotlight
Meet Deandra, Therapy Program Manager
We'd like to take a minute to introduce Deandra, the Therapy Program Manager here at East Ridge Residence for Health Pro Heritage. Along with being the group's Therapy Program Manager, Deandra works with residents at East Ridge Residence directly providing them with Physical and Occupational Therapy Services – both in their home and in the outpatient therapy gym – which is the ideal plan of care for any and all seniors to ensure one-on-one seamless continuum of care. This leads to better outcomes, results and overall independence for our senior residents.Another tremendous benefit for our residents at East Ridge Residence with Deandra being here daily is that any of our residents who return to East Ridge Residence and their apartment after a hospital stay will be assessed by Deandra upon return just to make sure they are as safe and independent both in their apartment and in our Independent Living community. More times than not the hospital focuses on getting patients out and will forget to recommend or discharge them with needed nursing and therapy services. With Deandra's assessment, she can take care of getting all needed to get our residents the therapy and nursing services in their apartment within 24-hrs of their return. This brings peace of mind to the resident and their family that one will remain safe and independent and able to remain at East Ridge Residence, versus having to make that expensive transfer to a higher level of care. Deandra has a tremendous dedication to helping seniors achieve their best quality of life possible and displays that commitment here at East Ridge Residence each day with our residents. Deandra has been providing seniors with Patient Care and Therapy Services in the Chattanooga area since 2006; and became a licensed Doctor of Physical Therapy in 2012. We are honored to have her here as part of our Independent Living offerings at East Ridge Residence!
In Honor of George
A special friend to the entire East Ridge Residence community is being remembered through what he loved most: giving back to those in need.George Fincher, a fellow Chattanoogan and husband of Executive Director Carol Fincher, humbly wished to have donations be made to a local non-profit that provides end-of-life care in lieu of flowers. East Ridge Residence is keeping George's request in their hearts by continuing to provide meals weekly to Welcome Home of Chattanooga with Veritas Senior Living also donating $7,250 to the organization in George's honor. Adored by both the residents and associates alike at East Ridge Residence, George often talked about making a mark in the world rather than simply passing through it. Because of his strong faith, he not only talked about making a difference, but did it daily as he journeyed through life. He also had a regular presence at the community. George attended almost every special event and faithfully came to sing karaoke with the residents, where his favorite song to sing was "My Way" by Frank Sinatra. Welcome Home is the first of its kind in Chattanooga that provides housing and end-of-life care for people and their families who were previously homeless. The ministry and non-profit is a hospice house that partners with local hospices to provide the proper nursing support that clients need, as well as assistance with appropriate benefits and education for children regarding their situations. Welcome home is currently creating a fundraising and capital campaign to build a new home to serve their clients. Welcome Home is supported by donations from the community and local businesses alike, with George and Carol Fincher being one of those supporters. To donate or learn more, visit Welcome Home of Chattanooga. Welcome Home of Chattanooga
Associate Spotlight
Meet Clarence, our Lifestyles Director
We are thrilled to welcome Clarence to our team! Clarence's passion is in creating all-inclusive events, so no matter what your level of activity is, Clarence will create an activity for you! He loves providing physical, mental and spiritual activities for all to enjoy.Clarence has 37 hears experience in creating recreational programs throughout Tennessee and his degree is in Recreation Studies from TSU, where he attended on a football scholarship. Clarence says his greatest joy is bringing a smile to our residents' faces. Thank you Clarence for all you do for us at East Ridge!
Resident Spotlight
Meet Jean
East Ridge Resident Jean turned 100 years old on Jan 31st, 2019 and all here at East Ridge Residence were so excited and grateful to celebrate her milestone day with her!Jean moved into East Ridge Residence in June of 2015. She had gotten to know the community, staff and residents while her brother, Lovell, was a resident here. Although we tried to make her birthday celebration a surprise, Jean told Executive Director, Carol Fincher, that she had an idea there might be a celebration for her because she remembered coming to East Ridge Residence to celebrate Lovell's birthday. Jean remains one of most active and independent residents in our community. She loves her family and her church and just loves life in general. Jean also remains one of the most beautiful residents here at East Ridge inside and out. Even if she just coming down to check her mail or go to dinner with friend, she is always dressed and made up to the nines and always with a hint of pink. Happy 100th Birthday Jean! So glad your East Ridge Residence friends and family were able to celebrate with you!!


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brown_freq worrisome worry worry-worryin worrying worse worsened worsens worship worshiped worshipful worshiping worshipped worshippers worshipping worst worst-marked
But there's a moment that occurs at the butt-end of Gallows' set this evening. When it arrives, at the very end of their set – after closing tune 'Orchestra Of Wolves' has ground to a close – it.
Yossi Sassi & The Oriental Rock Orchestra – Illusion of Choice (2018) – Illusion of Choice by Yossi Sassi & The Oriental Rock Orchestra. Hace 3 semanas.
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The singer was a key member of Watford hardcore punk outfit Gallows. But having found himself at a creative impasse, he left the band after two albums, Orchestra of Wolves in 2006 and 2009's Grey.
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View credits, reviews, tracks and shop for the 2007 CD release of Orchestra Of Wolves on Discogs.
Ernie Ball Music Man Jpx 7 PG's Rebecca Dirks is On Location in Anaheim, CA, where she visits the Ernie Ball Music Man booth. In this segment, we get to check out the JPX – John Petrucci's new signature axe. To commemorate his. Live Music El Paso Tx The iconic singer-songwriter has announced a long list of 2019 dates across the
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Dec 14, 2007. DOWNLOAD: Gallows – Orchestra of Wolves (MP3) Brett's Top 5 Songs of 2007 1. DJ Felli Fell – Get Buck In Here 2. LCD Soundsystem – All My.
Gallows have confirmed that they will release their acclaimed debut album, 'Orchestra Of Wolves,' on July 10th in America. To coincide with the release of the album in the US, the band have been.
Jan 20, 2019. Andrew W.K. – The Wolf – 2003. Andy, Bob. Cooper-Clarke, John – Zip Style Method – 1982. Cope. Gallows – Orchestra Of Wolves – 2007
Gallows have spoken out about their forthcoming second album – the follow up to 'Orchestra Of Wolves'. The band performed some new tracks from the yet-to-be released record at their festival slots.
English Vocabulary Word List Alan Beale's Core Vocabulary Compiled from 3 Small ESL Dictionaries (21877 Words)
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The bill seemed like a good way to get exposure for a band that was starting to catch on stateside—or it did until Disney officials actually stopped to listen to Gallows' debut record, Orchestra of.
Gallows first emerged from the fecund UK underground punk scene in 2005. Inspired by Refused, At The Drive-In, JR Ewing and Swing Kids, their ferocious, feral 2006 debut Orchestra Of Wolves offered a.
Gallows announce the reissue of Orchestra Of Wolves to include two new songs, BBC radio session tracks and Black Flag cover on June 11th. A new single single Abandon Ship is released on May 28th as a.
After turning heads back in 2006 with their debut album 'Orchestra of Wolves' and winning the Kerrang Best newcomer. shredding vocals that is often missing from most second albums. Gallows haven't.
"Fuck this stage bullshit" howled Frank Carter, vocalist for U.K. hardcore punk quintet Gallows,as he leaped off stage and. The performanceculminated with "Orchestra of Wolves" as Carter laid it.
A screaming blast from across the Atlantic, England's Gallows have arrived to remind us of punk's angry roots. Their debut, originally released in the UK in 2006,
They head out in support of 'Orchestra of Wolves' Gallows are gearing up for the Stateside release of their debut album 'Orchestra of Wolves', set for release on July 10. The album will come out as a.
Popular rock/hardcore act Gallows have begun work on the follow up to their wildly successful debut full length, Orchestra of Wolves. They noted: It's going well so far, we are writing at a rate of.
Musical Instrument Expo The 2018 NMEA Conference/Clinic and Expo is Wednesday through Friday, various resource information including materials, equipment, instruments, student. Also on sale today is tickets to arguably the region's of music, unique culinary events, and unmatched experiences from the region's best distilleries at the new Highland Festival Grounds At KY Expo. The article you have been
Gallows recent history has been a turbulent one. Lee: Stu's described it very well before as kind of like 'Orchestra of Wolves' older brother. It's a bit leaner, meaner. We tried to incorporate a.
To many, he's the raucous, bloodied, frenzied frontman of Gallows' early days. It's clear from Carter's croon in Bluebelle that we're not in Orchestra of Wolves any more, while the misty, fuzzy.
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On the back of their debut effort Orchestra of Wolves, Gallows had signed a £1 million record deal with Warner Bros, was featured in Guitar Hero III (and in an episode of Eastenders), had won.
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Oct 21, 2009. They're influenced by much of the early '90s emo/post-hardcore scene (Dischord, Gravity), as well as bands such as Orchid, Wolves, 400 Years.
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Gallows frontman Frank Carter has been diagnosed with severe. during recording sessions for the band's new album, the follow-up to 2006's 'Orchestra Of Wolves'. "I've had a few problems," Carter.
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speculation ran rampant about who would release the next full length from Gallows. Prior to Warner Music Group, the band released music through Orchestra of Wolves via Epitaph Records. Today the band.
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Gallows have been banned from playing at Disneyland because of the lyrical content of their album 'Orchestra Of Wolves'. The band were due to support Social Distortion at a venue on the Disney site in.
Dec 14, 2016. 18 – The Path of Wolves – The Path of Wolves (2016) http://shoegazeralive9. blogspot.com.br/2016/09/the-path-of-wolves-path-of-wolves-2016.
Hardcore punk outfit Gallows spoke to Get Surrey before taking to the Big. out to talk about tour fatigue and the massive success of their first album, Orchestra of Wolves. Since singer Frank.
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We are a Metal Community with a promotion website for bands, proving links to new released albums. Supporting Metal, Not Rumours.
GALLOWS's profile including the latest music, albums, songs, music videos and more updates. Orchestra of Wolves. 3:07. Last Fight for the Living Dead.
Orchestra of Wolves is the debut album by English hardcore punk band Gallows. It was produced by Banks of fellow Hertfordshire band Haunts and released by.
Jun 24, 2015. Gallows – Orchestra Of Wolves. Label: In At The Deep End Year: 2006. How are you feeling about that Refused reunion? What about the.
Browse and comment on GALLOWS's photos on Myspace, a place where people come to connect, Orchestra Of Wolves re-issue artwork by Dan Mumford. 0 0.
Comments: 601.266.4287 Phone: 601.266.4287 | Email: [email protected] 118 College Drive #5121 | Hattiesburg, MS 39406 Offices: College Hall 303
Bad Religion released New Maps of Hell, their fourteenth overall full length, this past July. On that same day Gallows brought their acclaimed Orchestra of Wolves over to North America.
There are few conversations that are sure to ignite arguments in the modern hardcore community quite like which of the Frank Carter-era Gallows records was superior. While snotty debut 'Orchestra Of.
Paparazzi Dancing Drylands Copper Charlize Theron behind the scenes of her Budweiser Copper. DJ Ruckus and Jermaine Dupri kept everyone dancing. The store closed down for their private shopping spree while paparazzi and fans. Kangana Ranaut stuns in a cobalt blue sheath dress by Victoria Beckham as she poses for the paparazzi at Mukesh Ambani's lavish party held at
English Vocabulary Word List Alan Beale's Core Vocabulary Compiled from 3 Small ESL Dictionaries (21877 Words)
Comments: 601.266.4287 Phone: 601.266.4287 | Email: [email protected] 118 College Drive #5121 | Hattiesburg, MS 39406 Offices: College Hall 303


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Unknown Details of Automotive Glass Repair
Today there are increasing more car-lovers who care about every aspect of their car, although there are still many car owners ignoring automotive glass maintenance. It's not unusual for drivers to make do with the cracked windshields to save money.
In fact, although automotive glass does not require regular replacement like some wearing parts, periodical inspection and repair after damage are also important.
Let's discuss about the common problems of automotive glass repair.
1. What kind of glass can be repaired?
There are mainly two types of automotive glasses, laminated glass and tempered glass.
Laminated glass: an interlayer of PVB film is sandwiched between two pieces of glasses which will stick glass together to avoid shattered glass spewed around when broken.
Tempered glass: the glass will crumble into small granular chunks instantly when broken and are more likely to fall off.
Based on the mentioned features above, most windscreens are maufacured with laminated glass which can be repaired if chipped. While other auto glass except windscreen are mainly tempered glass which shatters into small granular chunks instantly and even falls off after breakage and therefore cannot be repaired.
2. What kind of crack repair is recommended?
If the diameter of glass chip is around 5mm, car owners should repair it as soon as possible by a professional technician. The sooner, the better to avoid it from developing into a large crack, that will no longer be repairable. If the chip is larger than 20mm, the repair effect will be poor and generally replacement will be recommended.
3. Is it impossible to repair if not recommended?
May car owners will continue to drive their vehicles with cracks, simply because they do not have glass coverage and windscreens are generally expensice. Can they just make do with it?
In fact, some chips and cracks up to 20mm, may be repaired as long as it is not a big crack. A professional technician can evaluate it and determine if it is possible. However, there are certain safety hazards when the windscreen suffers frequent stress from the increased wind resistance on the highway, or from car washing and rain, snow, wind, etc.
Windscreens are not just to keep the elements out, rather they perform a structural component of the roof in the event of a vehicle roll over.
Therefore, when there are cracks in the windscreens, car owners must get it repaired or replaced according to your own situation. It's for your beloved car, but more for your safety!


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BRIDPORT went down to a 1-0 loss in their opening pre-season game against Sherborne Town as Aaron White's first-half strike proved the difference between the two sides at St Mary's Field.
In boss Rich Robson's first game at the Bees' helm Bridport acquitted themselves well but were undone at a set-piece for the winner – a particular source of frustration for Robson.
With the vast majority of Bridport's players having never played together, the Bees struggled to create chances. New signing Callum Thompson was the brightest spark, swinging in a couple of menacing deliveries just out of reach of a teammate.
Robson was nevertheless pleased with the workout, telling Echosport: "It was a tight affair all the way through. Considering the squad we had – I don't think we've worked with a lot of players who were there – to only lose 1-0 against a side which seems to have some quite well established players wasn't too bad.
"There were glimmers in there of what we wanted to see but still very far from the finished article.
"What we did get from it is some good fitness and playing time for people like Callum, Dec Cornish and Lewis Clarke got a good 85 minutes."
Bridport next entertain Portland United at St Mary's Field tomorrow (7.45pm).
*Bridport announced the signing of Will Gape prior to kick-off.
Bees: Wells-Burr, Dovell, Gall, Trialist, Trialist (Trialist 51), Trialist (Trialist 46), Thompson, Gape (Trialist 55), Cornish (Trialist 85), Clarke (Trialist 85), Trialist


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One of the longest of long running sagas in motoring took another twist at the Los Angeles motor show this morning with the unveiling of the Subaru BRZ STi concept.
We've seen its co-developed sibling the Toyota FT-86 in various guises over the past two years, but this is the first time we've seen some sheet metal on the Subaru version.
Up until this stage, Subaru has instead focused on displaying its work in the project, namely the rear-wheel drive chassis and boxer powertrain. This has always been underneath some Perspex bodywork, so it's been impossible to tell how the Subaru version will shape up.
But today's concept really does look the business. It's more aggressive than its Toyota sibling, with more pronounced rear arches, larger alloys and a large fixed rear wing. Colour is down to personal taste, but there's something about the shade of royal blue Subaru uses that screams performance to me.
Quite how the final production car will shape up when we see it at Tokyo two weeks today is still a bit unclear. The concept's designer, Osamu Namba, told me that the concept was 100 per cent the work of Subaru, but the final BRZ will have spent more time in the Toyota design studio.


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Consultant dermatologist at The Foscote Hospital, Dr Haytham Al-Rawi, provides diagnosis and treatments for all common skin (dermatological) conditions including eczema, psoriasis, acne, rashes and skin infections such as impetigo. He has a particular expertise in Mohs Surgery, which is a highly specialised form of skin cancer surgery with the highest success rates.
Dr Al-Rawi's extensive training across the country has given him a broad range of expertise within general dermatology, Mohs & skin surgery and cosmetic treatments. As well as experience in inflammatory skin diseases, he specialises in all aspects of laser therapy, skin lesions & mole assessments and skin rejuvenation procedures (botox & fillers).


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Edward James Olmos (born February 24, 1947) is a Mexican American actor and director. Among his most memorable roles are William Adama in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica, Lt. Martin Castillo in Miami Vice, teacher Jaime Escalante in Stand and Deliver, patriarch Abraham Quintanilla in the film Selena, Detective Gaff in Blade Runner, and narrator El Pachuco in both the stage and film versions of Zoot Suit. Description above from the Wikipedia article Edward James Olmos, licensed under CC-BY-SA, full list of contributors on Wikipedia.
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New Price -- great value in great location for 5 bedroom renovated home! AVAILABLE IMMEDIATELY -- Spacious and sunny split level -- Whole house renovation 2015: gourmet kitchen, all bathrooms, hardwood floors on main level, and new carpeting on lower level, freshly painted throughout, updated doors, trim, new front door, recessed lighting and more. Fully fenced yard. Great location, quiet neighborhood quick access to 495, schools.Pentagon Express bus.
© 2019 BRIGHT, All Rights Reserved. Information deemed reliable but not guaranteed. The data relating to real estate for sale on this website appears in part through the BRIGHT Internet Data Exchange program, a voluntary cooperative exchange of property listing data between licensed real estate brokerage firms in which Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices PenFed Realty participates, and is provided by BRIGHT through a licensing agreement. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices PenFed Realty are marked with the IDX logo and detailed information about each listing includes the name of the listing broker.The information provided by this website is for the personal, non-commercial use of consumers and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. Some properties which appear for sale on this website may no longer be available because they are under contract, have Closed or are no longer being offered for sale. Some real estate firms do not participate in IDX and their listings do not appear on this website. Some properties listed with participating firms do not appear on this website at the request of the seller.
Listing information last updated on October 15th, 2019 at 4:00pm CDT.


text: DCOrange 924 Posted March 14 https://thedraftnetwork.com/articles/5-play-prospect--clemson-idl-christian-wilkins Can't help but read this excerpt and feel like this is 100% the guy that McDermott wants at #9. Quote "He's just a guy who truly, truly enjoys every day," Clemson head coach Dabo Swinney said of Wilkins. "He likes practice, he likes meetings, he likes the training. He just has that mindset that it takes to be great, and he's rubbed off on so many people during his time here. He'll do anything you ask him to do, and he believes he can do anything." "I try to be a person of excellence in everything I do, but I wouldn't be playing the game if I didn't absolutely love it," Wilkins said. "Every time I step on a field, I still have an 8-year-old's innocence about it. I love putting thigh pads in my pants and pulling them on. This game has been a ticket for me, and I'm truly in love with it. Yeah, I care about a lot of things but I realize football is going to end for me one day. That's why I try to be diverse in other areas." 11 Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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Your mind is all doubt-filled.
Can you not illumine your mind?
Your vital is all destructive.
Can you not transform your vital?
9558. Your Mind Is All Doubt-Filled
Your mind is all doubt-filled.
Sri Chinmoy, Ten Thousand Flower-Flames, part 96.First published by Agni Press in 1983.
This is the 571st book that Sri Chinmoy has written since he came to the West, in 1964.
If you are displaying what you've copied on another site, please include the following information, as per the license terms:
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Other Voices: Does it work from the middle? An Englishman looks at political bipartisanship
What do you think of this?
"A politician thinks of the next election; a statesman thinks of the next generation. A politician looks for the success of his party; a statesman for that of his country. The statesman wishes to steer while the politician is satisfied to drift."
I am torn between admiring such skilled cadences, and wanting to protest about the bum rap it is for politicians. That it is the pronouncement of a Unitarian minister, J. F. Clarke (1810-1858), rather than someone active within the world of politics, doesn't add to its appeal.
I first encountered this stereotype of the politician at school when I was 13 or thereabouts in the early 1950s. Our teacher, Mr. McKenzie, was a short, whimpering sort of a man, dwarfed by many of the boys in the class, and actually bullied by a few, I'm afraid.
I remember the occasion. It was when Mr. McKenzie tried to explain how the British parliament worked. He told us the significance of where members of parliament sit in the House of Commons. On one side of the chamber the seats are for "His Majesty's Government" (this was before Elizabeth became Queen in 1952) and on the other side, facing them, "His Majesty's Opposition."
Such odd terms, I remember thinking. After all, the British monarch began to lose political power big time when King Charles the First literally lost his head in 1649, and yet 300 years later the reigning monarch not only claims ownership of the government, but grants the elected opposition the noble distinction of being his, too!
Something didn't feel right about this. Some people are elected to govern the country and others to oppose everything the government is trying to do? That can't be right, can it?
My confusion agitated me enough to ask a question, something I rarely did in any class. I raised my hand. "Sir," my light treble voice began, as we has been trained to address staff, "what if someone in the opposition actually agrees with what the government wants to do?"
"Good question, boy," said Mr. McKenzie. "Well, if they agreed, they would be sitting on the other side of the House, wouldn't they? Now where was I?" and on he rushed toward the day's final school bell, leaving me unclear about whether he had answered or dismissed my question.
But the question has stuck with me, and in my naïvete, as I realized many moons later, I had stumbled across the quest of politics for the holy, but apparently inaccessible, grail that these days is referred to as bi-partisanship, or as Sen. Edward Kennedy could demonstrate, so people say, with an unequaled facility, "crossing the aisle."
As I write, we face the prospect of a Democratic bill in the American Congress to reform health care that may succeed without a single vote of support from the Republican Party, or fail for want of Republican support (or fail as a result of a rebellion by the so-called blue-collar Democrats from the southern states).
The amateur strategist in me thinks that if a bill fails for want of support from within the party presenting it, it should never have been brought to a vote in the first place. But if the resistance is based on the need, as Rush Limbaugh seems to have suggested, that everything must be done to ensure the party of the president in power fails in everything it tries to do, then this is a different kettle of fish. The division then has nothing much to do with values or ideologies, or the needs of the people the members of Congress represent, and everything to do with the struggle for power.
Of course, as you see, this reflects the cynicism about politicians with which this piece started, and which seems to be popular all over the world.
So, here is a dilemma for anyone wanting to achieve good government. A party with an overwhelming majority in both houses of Congress can certainly get things done, but will that result in high quality decisions that can best come from the pressure of dissent by the opposition, however small? Or maybe, if you allow the opposition in, you end up with such limp compromises that nothing radical can ever stand a chance?
There is another dimension to this problem – the electorate. The history of general elections in Britain in my time seems to suggest the voting public will tolerate radical or extreme politics only for a while. After then it turns its affections in the opposite direction.
I am old enough to remember the euphoria of the unexpected success of the British Labour party at the end of World War II that ousted the party of the nation's hero, Winston Churchill.
After that I have only a hazy recollection of the left wing and the right wing taking it in turns to form the government, with ineffectual attempts by Liberals and, later, Social Democrats to win for a sort of middle way.
I have a more vivid memory of the longer reign of Margaret Thatcher and the Conservatives, but once her heir, John Major, fell and the nation brought Tony Blair and the Labour Party back to power in the 1990s – a reversal apparently about to end its run – it became even clearer to me that the British public tolerates only so much of each party before it demands change.
Tony Blair, and Gordon Brown, who succeeded him, have had a longer run with a Labour government than most modern British governments, and this may be because Mr. Blair learned from President Clinton that less radical, and more centrist approaches are more viable, though it doesn't explain why the British Liberals and Social Democrats (who eventually combined into the present Liberal Democratic party) have never had the same appeal from the center. It seems the public prefers moderation among the big boys.
Rab Butler, a senior Conservative party politician of a previous generation in Britain, memorably defined politics as "the art of the possible," and that surely implies achievement through compromise. You get things done only when your opponents can be persuaded to temper their resistance and work with you just as far as is needed to succeed.
Robert Caro, in his major book on L. B. Johnson's rise to power in the Senate tells of the way LBJ hectored Sen. Hubert Humphrey on the importance of compromise.
"Compromise is not a dirty word," he would say. "The Constitution itself represents the first great national compromise."
But LBJ went further. As Caro puts it, his position was that those who refuse to compromise are a threat. "The purveyors of perfection," as he came to call them, "are dangerous when they move
self-righteously to dominate."
Humphrey later struggled with the label describing him as one of "the unprincipled compromisers," but he got over it. He was to say, "I felt it was important that we inch along even if we couldn't gallop along, at least that we trot a little bit." Rab Butler's art of the possible, I suppose.
It doesn't look at the moment that the Republicans in Congress can see much beyond the need to stop the Democrats rather than work with them. Newsweek recently carried a piece by Sam Tannenhaus who had written extensively over the years about the right wing in politics. His article is about the future of the GOP, and he laments what seems to be happening now in Congress. One bit in particular captured my attention, not because it wags a finger at the right, but because it is a message for both wings in our politics.
"The function of conservatives is not to meet every liberal program or scheme with a denunciation or a destructive counterscheme, but rather to weigh its advantages and defects, supporting the first and challenging the second. A declaration of ideological warfare against liberalism is, by its nature, profoundly unconservative. It meets perceived radicalism with a counterradicalism of its own."
Just try reading this aloud, replacing conservative with liberal (and vice-versa) and you will see it works well for both extremes!
The question is whether this is too utopian to achieve any of the really big reforms that are needed. I talked recently to some students about the idea of the good being the enemy of the best. Now, I suppose I need to explore with them whether one party's best is the enemy of what two parties together can make possible.
Bill Simmons lives in Lake Wildwood.
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We can refer you to a distinguished buyer real estate agent. However, if we have actually helped you sell your home, our experts are more than happy to work with you as a buyer real estate agent in order to help you to purchase a brand new house to get the most valuable price obtainable that you can afford in the classiest suburb.
I completely like being almost exclusively a seller representative. My emphasis is on assisting individuals and families to market their residences for the highest possible sales price feasible. As a seller realty agent, I have concentrated on the art of changing every house to have an appeal that is attractive with, and without, money for improvements. Various other property brokers concentrate as buyer realty brokers. Buyer representatives are actually pros at discovering the very best offers in the marketplace within the price vicinity of the purchaser. For me it is actually a more favorable career choice being specifically a seller representative as a result of my specific skills. As the homeowner realtor, I like to think of myself as a superb positive arbitrator.
The buyer broker is actually usually a negative negotiator, creating due dates, demands, and deadlines and divulging defects, deficiencies, and discrepancies and displaying a deadpan appearance, always showing up dismayed and down about the house of the seller, and displaying despondency, disappointment, defeat, disillusionment, disenchantment, and dissatisfaction. Obviously, this is an oversimplified description but I have truly seen it happen many times. I have passion concerning the product I am actually marketing: the house is actually unique, it is actually very distinctive. I appear to, as well as truly feel that, I bargain from power, certainly never coming from weakness. The purchaser realtor is, undoubtedly, in a rush as well as originates time sensitive demands and also shouts out final notices, and requires death-defying deadlines. I never suggest to the buyer broker that my clients are actually anxious to market the home, even when we are.
Buyer brokers usually begin to agree with my method of understanding regardless of attempting to discourage me in the beginning as a component of their negative negotiation strategies.
Sofia Ellis Real Estate Agent Bowie MD
Phone :(240) 702-2957
Business Hours: Open 24/7
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Crab Tandoori, Tandoori Jhinga And More For Seafood Lovers
May 26, 12:00 pm - 11:55 am
Where: Banjara Restaurant, Goldfinch Hotel, Andheri East
Calling all the seafood lovers at Banjara Restaurant, as this summer they are offering a variety of Seafood dishes for their patrons. They have Crab Tandoori,Tandoori Jhinga, Salt and Pepper Crab and more yummy dishes on their menu. So if you are a seafood lover then have a weekend just like paradise there.
Where: Banjara Restaurant, Goldfinch Hotel, Andheri East
When: May 25 - 26
Cost: Rs 799 for Lunch and Rs 899 for Dinner.
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