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2019 – Happily my abstract photograph, Laurels Alight 1, will be exhibited in the 3rd Annual Photographic Exhibition at LA Artcore Gallery, Los Angeles, February 10 – 28.
2018 – The first 3 months of this year were extremely hectic for we constructed a new home and studio … and begun moving into them so everything was somewhat chaotic. However, despite the strain my studio work managed to continue garnering notice.
January – Adam Finkelston, publisher and co-editor of The Hand Magazine selected one of my most recent abstract photos, Sweet Reign 3, for inclusion in the exhibit Abstract at the SE Center for Photography, Greenville, SC. His response to my work is much appreciated.
February – Daniel Miller, director of the Duncan Miller Gallery, Santa Monica, selected my Light Ring Essence 2 abstract photo to offer on his popular YourDailyPhotograph.com listing. He is a noted specialist in important classic and contemporary photographic works of art and I'm especially happy that my work attracted his attention.
March – A5 Magazine (a small British publication) featured my Joyous Misbehavin' 1 abstract photo. Also, this month, the International Gala Awards awarded my photography Second Runner-up Finalist for the 11th Pollux Awards, Abstract Category (I believe that means 3rd Place) and they included it in a major exhibit in Barcelona in the Fall. The work that got their attention is my Fiddle Diddle With Red Bean Series. As Spring began, Gallery25N.com featured one of my very rare street photographs in the exhibit Faces of Humanity 2018. They have over 26,000 subscribers worldwide plus you can check-out their video about the exhibit on YouTube. The photo is of a young man playing a didgeridoo in the central plaza of Adelaide, Australia. I really enjoyed his music.
April – My abstract photography was included in Wunderkammer, a special exhibition curated by noted artist Rommert Boonstra for Galerie Sehnsucht, Rotterdam, NL. Also this month, my Tickled Fancy Series was honored with a 2017 award from the Tokyo International Foto Awards. This particular series has been very popular for it has been featured in 7 exhibitions and 3 magazines internationally. Also beginning this month, my work can be seen on Instagram (leemusgrave_art). From April 27 through May 23, my black & white abstract photography was exhibited in Minneapolis, MN, at the Praxis Gallery in their Mono-Kromatik exhibit.
May – It was heart warming for me to have one of my favorite images from my Flit Cue series (2014) included in the 2nd Annual Black & White exhibition on www.fusionartps.com from May 1-31. Thank you Chris & Valerie for your interest in my work.
June – My Interface Shift series of abstract photos were featured on two pages in ArtAscent Magazine, Volume 31 and it's great to know that a whole new group of fine art photography appreciators were introduced to my work.
August – Two of my staged abstract photographs were selected for inclusion in the 3rd Artist's Choice exhibition on www.fusionartps.com. Thank you Chris & Valerie for your interest in my work. Also this month the editor of e-zine WakeUpScreaming.com Edition #13 Trees notified me that several of my Surrealistic paintings inspired by old growth trees will be featured along with an accompany article. Many of those paintings can be viewed by clicking on Painting above.
September – Photo Review Magazine, organized an exhibit curated by Sarah Meister, Photography Curator, Museum of Modern Art, New York who included image #12 from my Tilled Dream With Sleeping Cat Series in the Still-Life section. I'm always happy to have my work in this wonderful magazine. The exhibit will be posted on their website in January. Also this month, Diana Fernandez, editor of Artness Contemporary Magazine included an interview with me that features five of my most popular staged abstract photographs.
October – from the 4 through 21, 3 of my Fiddle Diddle with Red Bean award winning staged abstract photographs were included in the Barcelona Foto Biennale curated by Julio Hirsch-Hardy and I was a speaker there in a round table discussion, along with other featured artists, on the theme "Is Photography Booming While Dying As An Artform?". The discussion was filmed and is available to view on the Biennale's website and social media outlets..
2017 – Despite the world-wide political turmoil of late, 2017 has started off well in regards to my studio activities … this week I received a digital copy of the LandEscape Contemporary Art Review, Anniversary Edition and it generously includes 16 pages of text and photos about my abstract photography. The majority of the article consists of an interview I gave to curators Katherine Williams and Josh Ryder. Their thoughtful and engaging questions focused primarily on my approach to art and on what reactions I hope my work generates from viewers. Considering that each edition of LandEscape Art Review garners an average of over 300,000 readers it will be fascinating to see what feedback the article generates. If you would like to view the edition it can be found at: https://joom.ag/8gdW/p46.
Julia Dolan, Curator of Photography at the Portland Art Museum invited me to include my abstract photograph titled Tickled Fancy #44 in the 40th National Photography Exhibition, Larson Gallery, Yakima, WA. I'm very appreciative of her interest in my work. This photo has been very popular for it was featured in the inaugural issue of Create Magazine, selected as a finalist for The Royal Photographic Society's International 2016 Print Exhibition and Stephen Perloff, Editor of The Photo Review selected it for the magazine's 2016 Garden Party Invitation, an annual gala for collectors, curators, writers and artists. During the Spring, it was included in the national Luck of the Draw exhibition at the new, amazing Foundry Art Center, Saint Charles, MO. The exhibit featured work by 35 artists from 17 states each of whom use a contemporary approach to drawing. You can view the photo on my Photography page just click on the button above.
It is with great interest that I await the inaugural issue of Blended, a new collective art zine, for it will include an article about my most recent abstract photography series. Blended will be published on line and in print as well as shared on social media. It will be available soon.
September – I'm very happy to report that my abstract photography was featured at the 9th Pollux Awards Exhibition and Aus Tree Bark #16 (left) was considered for inclusion in the London International Photography Festival … as the title implies it is a cropped photo of tree bark I found in Adelaide, Australia. Tree bark is one of my favorite subjects to photograph thus I have several Series about it. Joyous Misbehavin' #10 (right) is one of the images that was in the 9th Pollux Awards Exhibition at Galeria Valid Foto, Barcelona, Spain . That Series has been featured in Create Magazine and LandEscape Art Review.
August – construction began on our new home and my new studio . . . and Heidi and I moved into a small trailer sited at the far north-east end of the property. Thus, all of my studio supplies have been placed in storage. As a consequence I am not able to paint at all, but can use my computer each day to edit and finish many of the archived photos I've taken in the past few years. I enjoy the process, however, concentrating on images constantly strains one's eyes so to give my visual cortex a break I've continued writing my second novel.
Yes, you read that correctly . . . my second novel. My first novel, Brushed-off, a romantic neo-noir murder mystery set in Los Angeles' art community and consisting of over 78,000 words, was completed over a year ago. This second book features the same main characters involved in another murder mystery. At the same time I'm actively searching for a literary agent and/or publisher. I chose LA as the setting for these stories because of its history with this particular genre and because I lived there most of my life.
November 21: This week I received a gracious e-mail from Maxim Panes, founder & director of Dodho Magazine stating that he has included an article about my abstract photography art in the current online edition of the magazine. Dodho Magazine features the best of contemporary fine art photography, bringing together diverse bodies of work by artists from around the globe. With more than one million annual visits and half a million pages viewed monthly, Dodho Magazine has managed to become the fastest growing photo magazine and become a benchmark among galleries, curators and other publishers world-wide. It is published in online versions and every six months in a printed version. I am grateful for their interest and support of my work. The article includes 19 of my images. Here is a link: https://www.dodho.com/lee-musgrave-ephemeral-treasure-revealed-celebrated/
Sadly, in late winter, my blues loving, enthusiastic hiking and devoted studio companion Misty (right) passed away. I miss her dearly.
During fall the studio was closed for several weeks while Heidi and I were in Europe. We enjoyed concerts, plays, art exhibits and strolling around historical sites in Belgium, The Netherlands, France, and Germany then spent a few days in Berlin to participate in the Berlin Foto Biennale at the Palazzo Italia.
Biennale curator Julio Hirsch-Hardy (right: talking with visitors) generously showed me through the spacious galleries of the Palazzo during the installation of the exhibition and I was impressed with how his crew graciously handled all of the numerous challenges associated with mounting an exhibition of this scale for the finished installation consists of over 1200 photographs by more than 440 artists… perhaps the largest contemporary photography exhibit ever held at a single venue in Europe.
The large crowd of viewers at the Opening Reception was enthusiastic and eager to meet the artists. As one of the very few who specializes in abstract photography it was a treat for me to talk with people from all over the world who are interested in my work (left: visitors viewing my work) and I'm deeply grateful to Julio for acknowledging my creative approach to the subject in the exhibition's handsome official catalog and other related material. The exhibition attracted hundreds of visitors daily for an entire month.
2015 – Searching for Elegance Within Chaos: Invincible Elements
Almost daily, Lee Musgrave experiments with the assortment of repurposed supplies that have accumulated on his photography work table. "I toss bits and pieces of it about just to see how it looks. If nothing grabs me then I shuffle it or add more stuff… or delete some… and look again," said Musgrave.
(Click on each image to enlarged it)
Often the aesthetic elegance generated by this process ignites his visual cortex, sends a shot of adrenalin through his veins and he instinctively reaches for his camera.
"Fate is my collaborator when I encounter the unforeseen ways chance has arranged the objects; striking combinations of colors and textures; conspicuous shadows; a remarkable edge to an exquisite form… I find the dynamics of spontaneity and the bravura of tensions to all be alluring."
Thoughtful, comprehensive cropping of the photographs merges each images randomness with conscious creation, creating a balance between the forces of the rational and irrational.
Lee usually takes ten photographs of what he has tossed onto the light pad and he shakes the pad between each shot which gives every photograph its own unique composition. After down loading the photographs he makes three copies of each image, rotates them and crops out a singular image from each. This process provides him with at least 30 images to cull a new Series from. This is why each of his Series' have a very cohesive look. After completing a shoot he remixes all or part of the materials on the pad back into the pile on the work table or discards it.
"I use chance in an almost figurative way and the expressionist results requires the viewer to think "chance" for objects are on top of each other, in many formats, and in surprising tints, tones, shapes, textures, gestures and moods," stated Lee. "I love having options to select from."
While chance runs counter to most people's conceptions of art, it has been a vital component of art since its very beginning and the images Lee captures through cropping are evocative of that history.
"My success in photographing chance created abstract images comes from the fact that my interest in abstraction came long before my interest in photography… it has been a passion of mine since my childhood. I created my first abstract drawings when I was very young and made my first serious Series at 13… and I still have them. That devotion is what enables me to produce engaging abstract photographs from everyday common materials."
Musgrave's work gains visual force through tapping into the established strengths of Abstract Expressionism, Hard-Edge, and Color Field and their respective ideologies while pushing toward new forms and terrain with his own distinctive pictorial lexicon.
"To me the inescapable appeal of these images is immediate and expressive of spontaneous gestures that are based on insights gained from my many years of creating abstract work," Lee mused. "Most contemporary photography has been occupied with recurrent themes… and probably always will be. When it turns inward to express beauty and visual aesthetic pleasure it usually drifts toward surrealism and fantasy, but still well within the representational genre. At the root of those creative processes is the sixth sense of instinctive intellectual drive. It flashes before our eyes, holds us and pulls us in and says 'don't miss this'. That trice is what abstract photography is all about. It goes directly toward ones inner thoughts, makes us pause and takes us beyond provocation and coincidence to a visual epistle that transcends our fundamental understanding of life."
To view Lee's abstract photography visit the Photography page.
The photo (left) is of three paintings Musgrave recently completed. He uses an impasto painting technique and often works on large canvases. The painting partially shown behind the step stool is actually 8′ h x 56″ w.
The primary inspiration for these new paintings came from Lee's concern for mankind's destructive alterations to the natural environment and the resulting excessive soil erosion.
Musgrave's approach to both his painting and studio photography work has always been to "take advantage of chance". That is to say, he uses a painting process that allows for his instinctual drives to tap into his subliminal mind.
Each of his paintings starts off with a paint and/or modeling paste impasto spontaneously smeared onto the canvas, rather than carefully applied. This creates a gestural abstraction that reveals his physical act of painting. After this initial step is dry, he then applies a thin wash of black acrylic over the entire canvas and allows it to seep into the low areas of the impasto. During this stage the painting is usually placed flat on the studio floor.
Staring at this raw image evokes emotions and feelings deep within Musgrave and "speaks" to him in a visual language about the nature forms he can render from within it. While listening intently to that intuitive language he then sets about delineating those forms… taking advantage of chance.
At the same time, Lee's work continues to express his fascination with utilizing scale to challenge and shift how the world may be perceived. He does that by exploring the physical and conceptual characteristics of depth perception and assumed scale, from the monumental to the microscopic.
His concern for the environment and the future of humanity also emerges from each painting as an unsettling undercurrent of mankind's cumulative impact on nature. This is most evident in how he depicts the inter-action between water and soil in each painting. "For me, comprehending scale and depth perception is essential in understanding and appreciating the natural world… indeed, the universe and ones place in it," stated Musgrave.
When you study the above painting, From Here To There (60″x60″), does it depict an expansive landscape… or a close-up of a small chunk of planet earth? Do the rock-like forms represent huge boulders… or small pebbles… or both at the same time? Is the water a small pond or the edge of a mighty sea? To better determine the answer to these questions and much more, click on the painting to view a larger version.
These new paintings have been added to Musgrave's Real Time Memories Series (see Paintings/Drawings).


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I love the colour combination of this plaque, the peppermint green is so pretty.
|A Kitchen Plaque
|Yummy Strawberry Cupcake
Like all my plaques the cupcakes can be made to your own specifications, you choose the wording, the colour and any fruit topper you want.
|A cupcake for the Cake House
There are so many combinations for a cupcake, I quite like the idea of a creamy cake with a slice of mandarin orange on top. What would be your choice of cupcake?
Have a great week and don't eat too many cakes....
Jan x
I'm linking this post to the Handmade Monday linky party at the Lucy Blossom Blog Hop

subset: commoncrawl


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Hello everyone, Justin here and welcome to the Otaku Mind where we discuss anime/manga topics going on in the world today and today we're talking about anime and Hollywood. With the Ghost in the Shell movie set to come out this Friday and Netflix announcing a live action adaptation of Death Note set to premiere this August it's clear to me that Hollywood and filmmakers in general are taking an interest in anime and realizing there's money to be made here. But at the same time this idea has a lot of people worried since Hollywood is notorious for taking things we love and ruining them. I mean, the last time an anime got a movie adaption done by Hollywood we got that horrible Dragonball Z movie which was an insult and a betrayal to the author and the fans of the series so you can understand why a lot of us are worried or concerned about this. Is Hollywood turning our favorite animes into movies a good thing or a bad thing? Let's talk about this.
Hollywood is notorious for taking things we love and ruining them but also bringing them to life
As I said before Hollywood is known for taking things we love and ruining them. Such as Dragonball Z, Avatar, TMNT, The Mario Bros. and Transformers just to name a few but at the same time it also takes things we love and bring them to life. Take for example comic book movies. I remember as a kid, comic book movies were awful. They were seen as just for kids so they had to try harder to appeal to their audience. Thus, they were all dark, gritty, painful, repetitive, boring, and not fun to watch. That's not to say this is bad in today's world. The Dark Knight movies are very dark and I like them a lot but the difference is they were smart, clever, had excellent writing and characters that you got invested in and wanted to know what happened to them next. As time went on Hollywood started to see that if they took their audience seriously and instead focused on telling a good story with intriguing characters, and stayed true to the source material, they would start to get positive reviews and such. Sure enough it worked. It's gotten to the point now where comic book movies are the best movies of the year and everyone loves them because of their good and clever writing, interesting characters, and fun stories. If comic book movies can go from being awful and being seen as a child's movie to some of the most entertaining movies of the year than the same can be said for anime movies. I haven't seen the Ghost in the Shell movie yet but just from the previews it looks good and just from seeing that Death Note teaser it looks good as well. Hell, when they announced the new Power Rangers movie I was afraid it was gonna suck but I liked it. I only had 2 complaints with the whole movie and one of them can be seen as a nitpick. My point is, is that while anime movies got off to a rough start there's always a chance for people to see the mistakes they made and take the necessary steps to fix them in the next project which leads us to the next point, filmmakers and actors are fans too.
Filmmakers and actors are fans too
Despite what a lot of people may think filmmakers and actors are people too and just like us they have things that they like and dislike and a lot of famous actors like anime. Quentin Tarantino, big fan of Ghost in the Shell. Keenu Reeves, loves Cowboy Bebop and even tried to get a live adaption made with him as Spike. My man Samuel L. Jackson is a fan of Black Lagoon and even helped in the making of Afro Samurai. Zac Efron, loves Death Note and I'm sure he's involved in the Netflix film. Robin Williams, one of the greatest comedians and actors of all time loved anime and was a fan of Ghost in the Shell and Evangelion. This is only just naming a few of the actors and filmmakers who love or are fans of anime. I like to think that filmmakers and actors are fans of whatever project they're working on. Just like us they too grew up watching or reading whatever project they're working on and just like us they too have a passion and love for it and want to make it a success. In the past I think why some adaptions don't work out so well is because the actors or filmmakers working on the project just don't understand the source material and because of that they took liberties with it and change a lot of stuff which winds up pissing people off. Sometimes these liberties are a necessity due to time and money and can't be helped. I believe however that if you get an actor or filmmaker involved in a project that they really like they'll give it their all.
The adaptation won't be better than the original
Well that's pretty much a given for just about anything you adapt. No matter how good an adaptation is chances are it won't match up to the original which is understandable. Adaptations aren't usually the work of the original writer but instead the work of a fan or someone interested in the work of the author. But even if it is someone taking the work of someone else that doesn't mean it can't be used as a way to the promote the original work. A lot of anime out there is used as a promotional tool to get people interested in the original work, that's what happened to me. I started off watching One Piece, Naruto, FMA, and other animes first before I started reading the original mangas. But after watching the shows I got interested in the original work and wanted to see what would happen next. Sure enough, I found myself more interested in the mangas than I did the animes. If anything, the animes were just there to help me picture and hear their voices so that when I go to read the manga I could hear their voices in my head as I'm reading or just seen how a scene plays out when animated. I don't know if the movie adaptations of Ghost in the Shell and Death Note are gonna be better than the manga. Maybe, who knows. But the one thing I'm sure of is that when people go to see them whether they're a fan or just a casual movie goer who saw the trailer and thought it looked good, they're going to walk away interested in the series and want to learn more about it. That means that they're gonna go out, find the manga, and buy it and that's gonna help the author out big time as well as show Hollywood that what they did worked and that anime isn't something just for kids and otakus, it can be for everyone and when it's done correctly and taken seriously it can make them profit and make us happy.
Fear of whitewashing
Please don't do this, don't give me that crap, I am so sick of people calling movies out on this. Look, I get it, casting choices are always questionable but come on folks. Just because something comes from Japan doesn't mean we need a Japanese lead. Look at Dr. Strange. They casted Tilda Swinton as The Ancient One who in the comics was an old man. People were whitewashing on this movie yet when they went to go see the movie they admitted that Tilda did a good portrayal as The Ancient One and I thought she did good as well. I get that people want someone from a different race to represent a particular character but you're missing the point of acting. The whole idea of acting is bringing a character to life. It shouldn't matter what ethnicity they are. For me, all that matter is, is this actor gonna be a good fit for this role and I think Scarlett is a good fit for Motoko. Scarlett is a good actor. I liked her in Lucy and I love her as the Black Widow in the Marvel movies. Truth to be told, I'm hoping they make a movie starring her because I've never seen a good representation of a female superhero movie and I think with the way Marvel has handled the Black Widow character they can make a good movie focusing on just her and her character. Bottom line, as long as it's a good actor I don't care what race they are. Are there times when we should consider race for a role? Yes, but for something like this that's trying to reach a wide audience and not just the fans of the series, I think we'll be alright.
So is Hollywood making movies of anime a bad thing or a good thing
Personally, I think it's a good thing. I admit that in the past Hollywood has taken a lot of the things we've treasured and ruined them but at the same time it's given us things that we loved when we were younger or still love now and reminded us why we love them so much. Plus, the landscape of Hollywood has changed. Comic book movies are now being done seriously and manga is basically a Japanese comic book so who's to say they won't take this seriously as well? I know that for some of us out there we get panned for liking anime because people just don't understand it and I think that's why having movie adaptations are a good thing. It can serve as a way to get people interested in anime and help you shed light on why you like it so much. Is Hollywood gonna make mistakes on these adaptations and put stuff in we don't agree with? Yes, it's Hollywood it's what they do! But that's where we the fans come in. As fans, it's our job and responsibility to be there and try to explain to them what they did right, what they did wrong, and explain to them why this was good or why this was bad. Thanks to social media we now have a way to get our thoughts out there and heard for everyone to see and I say we use that to our advantage and help other people understand and appreciate our joy for anime.
That's all I have to say. What do you guys think about the idea of Hollywood doing anime adaptations, good or bad? Let me know in the comments below. Thanks for reading and I'll see you next time on Project Nitsuj.
*All videos, clips, and music are not owned by me and belong to their respective owners. All rights reserved*
Thanks for reading. As always feel free to leave a comment in the comment section or send your comments, feedback, or request to firstname.lastname@example.com


text: A couple of weeks ago Krystal over at Books Are My Thing asked me to write a blog post for Banned Book Week. Working on posts for my husband's book I decided to share some of his experiences with banned books in his country. She has had some great posts on the topic this week I encourage you to go check them out. If you want to start with the one I wrote you can read it here, Amy Discusses Censorship Around the World | Banned Books Week 2014 Thank you to Krystal for inviting me to come 'speak' on this important topic!


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First Anglo-Sikh War
|First Anglo-Sikh War
Topographical map of The Punjab The Land of 5 Waters
East India Company
Patiala State[1][2]
Jind State[3]
|Sikh Empire
The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the East India Company between 1845 and 1846. It resulted in partial subjugation of the Sikh kingdom.
Background and causes of the war 1
- Events in the Punjab 1.1
- British actions 1.2
- Outbreak and course of the war 2
- Aftermath 3
- Sources 4
- See also 5
- References 6
- External links 7
Background and causes of the war
The Sikh kingdom of Punjab was expanded and consolidated by Maharajah Ranjit Singh during the early years of the nineteenth century, about the same time as the British-controlled territories were advanced by conquest or annexation to the borders of the Punjab. Ranjit Singh maintained a policy of wary friendship with the British, ceding some territory south of the Sutlej River,[4] while at the same time building up his military forces both to deter aggression by the British and to wage war against the Afghans. He hired American and European mercenary soldiers to train his artillery, and also incorporated contingents of Hindus and Muslims into his army.
Aided by disunity among the Afghans, the Sikhs conquered the cities and provinces of Peshawar and Multan from them, and also incorporated the states of Jammu and Kashmir into their empire. Once order was restored in Afghanistan, the British became obsessed with idea that Emir Dost Mohammed Khan of Afghanistan was conspiring with Imperial Russia and launched the First Anglo-Afghan War to replace him with the compliant Shuja Shah Durrani. This move had Sikh support, in return for the formal cessation of Peshawar to the Sikhs by Shuja Shah. Initially successful, the British invasion took a disastrous turn with the Massacre of Elphinstone's Army, which lowered the prestige of the British, and the Bengal Army of the British East India Company in particular. The British finally withdrew from Afghanistan, and from Peshawar which they held as an advance base, in 1842.
Events in the Punjab
Ranjit Singh died in 1839. Almost immediately, his kingdom began to fall into disorder. Ranjit's unpopular legitimate son, Kharak Singh, was removed from power within a few months, and later died in prison under mysterious circumstances. It was widely believed that he was poisoned.[5] He was replaced by his able but estranged son Kanwar Nau Nihal Singh, who also died within a few months in suspicious circumstances; he was crushed by a falling archway at the Lahore Fort while returning from his father's cremation.[5]
There were at the time two major factions within the Punjab contending for power and influence: the Sikh Sindhanwalias and the Hindu Dogras. The Dogras succeeded in raising Sher Singh, the eldest illegitimate son of Ranjit Singh, to the throne in January 1841. The most prominent Sindhanwalias took refuge on British territory, but had many adherents among the Army of the Punjab.
The army was expanding rapidly in the aftermath of Ranjit Singh's death, from 29,000 (with 192 guns) in 1839 to over 80,000 in 1845[6] as landlords and their retainers took up arms. It proclaimed itself to be the embodiment of the Sikh nation. Its regimental panchayats (committees) formed an alternate power source within the kingdom, declaring that Guru Gobind Singh's ideal of the Sikh commonwealth had been revived, with the Sikhs as a whole assuming all executive, military and civil authority in the State,[7] which British observers decried as a "dangerous military democracy". British representatives and visitors in the Punjab described the regiments as preserving "puritanical" order internally, but also as being in a perpetual state of mutiny or rebellion against the central Durbar (court). In one notorious instance of unrest, Sikh soldiers ran riot, looking for anyone who looked as if they could speak Persian (the language used by the clerks who administered the Armies's finances) and putting them to the sword.
Maharajah Sher Singh was unable to meet the pay demands of the Army, although he reportedly lavished funds on a degenerate court. In September 1843 he was murdered by his cousin, an officer of the Army, Ajit Singh Sindhanwalia. The Dogras took their revenge on those responsible, and Jind Kaur, Ranjit Singh's youngest widow, became Regent for her infant son Duleep Singh. After the Vizier Hira Singh was killed, while attempting to flee the capital with loot from the Royal Treasury (Toshkana), by troops under Sham Singh Attariwala,[7] Jind Kaur's brother Jawahar Singh became Vizier in December 1844. In 1845 he arranged the assassination of Peshaura Singh, who presented a threat to Duleep Singh. For this, he was called to account by the Army. Despite attempts to bribe the army he was butchered to death in September 1845 in the presence of Jind Kaur and Duleep Singh.[8]
Jind Kaur publicly vowed revenge against her brother's murderers, she remained Regent. Lal Singh became Vizier, and Tej Singh became commander of the army. Sikh historians have stressed that both these men were prominent in the Dogra faction. Originally high-caste Hindus from outside the Punjab, both had converted to Sikhism in 1818.
British actions
Immediately after the death of Ranjit Singh, the British East India Company had begun increasing its military strength, particularly in the regions adjacent to the Punjab, establishing a military cantonment at Ferozepur, only a few miles from the Sutlej River which marked the frontier between British-ruled India and the Punjab. In 1843, they conquered and annexed Sindh, to the south of the Punjab, in a move which many British people regarded as cynical and ignoble.[9] This did not gain the British any respect in the Punjab, and increased suspicions of British motives.
The actions and attitudes of the British, under Governors-General Lord Ellenborough and his successor, Sir Henry Hardinge, are disputed. By most British accounts, their main concern was that the Sikh Army, without strong leadership to restrain them, was a serious threat to British territories along the border. Sikh and Indian historians have countered that the military preparations made by these Governors-General were offensive in nature; for example, they prepared bridging trains and siege gun batteries, which would be unlikely to be required in a purely defensive operation.[7]
The British attitudes were affected by reports from their new Koh-i-Noor being but one of its many treasures. Despite this, it is unlikely that the British East India Company would have deliberately attempted to annex the Punjab had the war not occurred, as they simply did not have the manpower or resources to keep a hold on the territories (as proven by the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Sikh War).
Nevertheless, the unconcealed and seemingly aggressive British military build-up at the borders had the effect of increasing tension within the Punjab and the Sikh Army.
Outbreak and course of the war
After mutual demands and accusations between the Sikh Durbar and the East India Company, diplomatic relations were broken. An East India Company army began marching towards Ferozepur, where a division was already stationed. This army was commanded by Sir Hugh Gough, the Commander in Chief of the Bengal Army, and was accompanied by Sir Henry Hardinge, the British Governor General of Bengal, who placed himself beneath Gough in the military chain of command. The British East India Company forces consisted of formations of the Bengal Army, with usually one British unit to every three or four Bengal infantry or cavalry units. Most of the artillery on the British side consisted of light guns from the elite Bengal Horse Artillery.
The Sikh Army at that time was led by General Raja Lal Singh who, with Tej Singh, betrayed the Sikhs during the course of the war.[10] Lal Singh was regularly supplying information and even receiving instructions from British officers.[11][12]
In response to the British move, the Sikh army began crossing the Sutlej on 11 December 1845. Although the leaders and principal units of the army were Sikhs, there were also mercenaries.
The Sikhs claimed they were only moving into Sikh possessions (specifically the village of Moran, whose ownership was disputed) on the east side of the river, but the move was regarded by the British as clearly hostile and they declared war. One Sikh army under Tej Singh advanced towards Ferozepur but made no effort to surround or attack the exposed British division there. Another force under Lal Singh clashed with Gough's and Hardinge's advancing forces at the Battle of Mudki on 18 December. The British won an untidy encounter battle.
On the next day, the British came in sight of the large Sikh entrenchment at Ferozeshah. Gough wished to attack at once, but Hardinge used his position as Governor General to overrule him and order him to wait for the division from Ferozepur to arrive. When they appeared late on 21 December, Gough attacked in the few hours of daylight left. The well-served Sikh artillery caused heavy casualties among the British, and their infantry fought desperately. On the other hand, the elite of the Sikh army, the irregular cavalry or ghodachadas (alt. gorracharra, horse-mounted), were comparatively ineffective against Gough's infantry and cavalry as they had been kept from the battlefield by Lal Singh.
By nightfall, some of Gough's army had fought their way into the Sikh positions, but other units had been driven back in disorder. Hardinge expected a defeat on the following day and ordered the state papers at Mudki to be burned in this event. However, on the following morning, the British and Bengal Army units rallied and drove the Sikhs from the rest of their fortifications. Lal Singh had made no effort to rally or reorganise his army. At this point, Tej Singh's army appeared. Once again, Gough's exhausted army faced defeat and disaster, but Tej Singh inexplicably withdrew, claiming that British cavalry and artillery which were withdrawing to replenish ammunition were actually making an outflanking move.
Operations temporarily halted, mainly because Gough's army was exhausted and required rest and reinforcements. The Sikhs were temporarily dismayed by their defeats and by their commanders' actions, but rallied when fresh units and leaders joined them, and Maharani Jind Kaur exhorted 500 selected officers to make renewed efforts.
When hostilities resumed, a Sikh detachment crossed the Sutlej near Aliwal, threatening Gough's lines of supply and communications. A division under Sir Harry Smith was sent to deal with them. Sikh cavalry attacked Smith continually on his march and captured his baggage, but Smith received reinforcements and at the Battle of Aliwal on 28 January 1846, he won a model victory, eliminating the Sikh bridgehead.
Gough's main army had now been reinforced, and rejoined by Smith's division, they attacked the main Sikh bridgehead at Sobraon on 10 February. Tej Singh is said to have deserted the Sikh army early in the battle. Although the Sikh army resisted as stubbornly as at Ferozeshah, Gough's troops eventually broke into their position. The bridges behind the Sikhs broke under British artillery fire, or were ordered to be destroyed behind him by Tej Singh. The Sikh army was trapped. None of them surrendered, and the British troops showed little mercy. This defeat effectively broke the Sikh army.
In the Treaty of Lahore on 9 March 1846, the Sikhs were made to surrender the valuable region (the Jullundur Doab) between the Beas River and Sutlej River. The Lahore Durbar was also required to pay an indemnity of 15 million rupees. Because it could not readily raise this sum, it ceded Kashmir, Hazarah and all the forts, territories, rights and interests in the hill countries situated between the Rivers Beas and Indus to the East India Company, as equivalent to ten million of rupees.[13] In a later separate arrangement (the Treaty of Amritsar), the Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, purchased Kashmir from the East India Company for a payment of 7.5 million rupees and was granted the title Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir.[14]
Maharaja Duleep Singh remained ruler of the Punjab and at first his mother, Maharani Jindan Kaur, remained as Regent. However, the Durbar later requested that the British presence remain until the Maharaja attained the age of 16. The British consented to this and on 16 December 1846, the Treaty of Bhyroval provided for the Maharani to be awarded a pension of 150,000 rupees and be replaced by a British resident in Lahore supported by a Council of Regency, with agents in other cities and regions.[15] This effectively gave the East India Company control of the government.
Sikh historians have always maintained that, in order to retain their hold on power and maintain the figurehead rule of Duleep Singh, Lal Singh and Tej Singh embarked on the war with the deliberate intent of breaking their own army. In particular, Lal Singh was corresponding with a British political officer and betraying state and military secrets throughout the war.[16][17] Lal Singh's and Tej Singh's desertion of their armies and refusal to attack when opportunity offered seem inexplicable otherwise.
The Sikh empire was until then one of the few remaining kingdoms in India after the rise of the company and the fall of the Mughal empire. Although the Sikh Army was weakened by the war, resentment at British interference in the government led to the Second Anglo-Sikh War within three years.
A highly fictionalised (lasicivious, titillating and scurrilous) description of the origins and course of the First Anglo-Sikh War (as well as various Sikh fortifications including breastworks) can be found in the comedy/adventure novel
Preceded by
Third Anglo-Maratha War
Indo–British conflicts Succeeded by
Second Anglo-Sikh War
- ^ http://www.royalark.net/India/patiala3.htm
- ^ http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/punjab-polls-six-clans-dominate-the-political-and-social-landscape/1/168682.html
- ^ http://books.google.co.in/books?id=vOPb4SnrsWAC&pg=PA169&lpg=PA169&dq=maratha+cis-sutlej&source=bl&ots=V_vCKSjfnZ&sig=ci_iGUHpVuIFfGMl3M1d0KCtnbE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ruLHT_WuBszIrQea6cDGDg&ved=0CE0Q6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=maratha%20cis-sutlej&f=false
- ^
- ^ a b Hernon, p. 546
- ^ Hernon, p. 547
- ^ a b c allaboutsikhs.com - dead link
- ^ Hernon, p. 548
- ^ Farwell, p. 30
- ^ Joseph, Cunningham (1853). Cunningham's history of the Sikhs. p. 257. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
- ^ Sidhu, Amarpal (2013). The First Anglo-Sikh War. Stroud, Gloucs: Amberley Publishing Limited.
- ^ Jawandha, Nahar (2010). Glimpses of Sikhism. New Delhi: Sanbun Publishers. p. 64.
- ^ Terms of the Treaty of Lahore
- ^ Terms of the Treaty of Amritsar
- ^ Terms of the Treaty of Bhyroval
- ^ Sidhu, Amarpal (2013). The First Anglo-Sikh War. Stroud, Gloucs: Amberley Publishing Limited.
- ^ Jawandha, Nahar (2010). Glimpses of Sikhism. New Delhi: Sanbun Publishers. p. 64.
- First Anglo-Sikh War
- Anglo-Sikh Wars
- Queen Anne's War (1702–13)
- Tuscarora War (1711–15)
- Yamasee War (1715–17)
- Father Rale's War (1722–25)
- War of Jenkins' Ear (1740–42)
- Carnatic Wars (1746–63)
- Nova Scotia (1749–55)
- French and Indian War (1754–63)
- Seven Years' War (1756–63)
- Anglo–Cherokee War (1758–61)
- Jamaica (1762)
- Anglo-Spanish War (1762–63)
- Pontiac's War (1763–66)
- Lord Dunmore's War (1774)
- American Revolutionary War (1775–83)
- First Anglo–Maratha War (1775–82)
- Second Anglo–Mysore War (1779–84)
- Gold Coast (1781–82)
- Sumatra (1782–84)
- Australian Frontier Wars (1788–1934)
- Nootka Sound (1789)
- Third Anglo–Mysore War (1789–92)
- Cape Colony (1795)
- Jamaica (1795–96)
- Ceylon (1795)
- Kandyan Wars (1796–1818)
- Irish Rebellion of 1798
- Malta (1798–1800)
- Fourth Anglo–Mysore War (1798–99)
- Dwyer's Guerrilla Campaign (1799–1803)
- Newfoundland (1800)
- Irish Rebellion of 1803
- Castle Hill Rebellion
- Second Anglo–Maratha War (1803–05)
- Suriname (1804)
- Guiana (1804)
- Cape Colony (1806)
- Río de la Plata (1806–07)
- Egypt (1807)
- Reunion (1809)
- Seychelles (1809)
- Mauritius (1810)
- Java (1810–11)
- Xhosa Wars (1811–79)
- Martinique (1809)
- Guadeloupe (1810)
- Gurka War (1814–16)
- Guadeloupe (1815)
- Cape Colony (1815)
- Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–18)
- Guiana (1823)
- Anglo-Ashanti wars (1824–1901)
- First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–26)
- Black War (Van Diemen's Land, 1828–32)
- Jamaica (1831–32)
- Malacca (1831-33)
- Lower Canada (1837–38)
- Upper Canada (1837–38)
- Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–41)
- First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–42)
- First Opium War (1839–42)
- New Zealand Wars (1845–72)
- First Anglo–Sikh War (1845–46)
- Río de la Plata (1845–50)
- Ceylon (1848)
- Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848
- Second Anglo–Sikh War (1848–49)
- Second Anglo–Burmese War (1852)
- Eureka Rebellion (1852)
- Anglo–Persian War (1856–57)
- Second Opium War (1856–60)
- Indian Rebellion (1857–58)
- Ambela Campaign (1863–64)
- Bhutan War (1864–65)
- Fenian Rebellion in Canada (1866–71)
- Irish Rebellion of 1867
- Fenian Dynamite Campaign (1867–85)
- Abyssinia (1868)
- Manitoba (1870)
- Anglo–Zulu War (1879)
- Second Anglo-Afghan War (1879–80)
- First Boer War (1880–81)
- Mahdist War (1881–99)
- Anglo-Egyptian War (1882)
- Saskatchewan (1885)
- Central Africa (1886–89)
- Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885)
- Mashonaland (1890)
- Hunza-Nagar Campaign (1891)
- Anglo-Manipur War (1891)
- Matabeleland (1893–94)
- Chitral Expedition (1895)
- Jameson Raid South Africa (1896)
- Anglo–Zanzibar War (1896)
- Matabeleland (1896–97)
- Benin Expedition (1897)
- Siege of Malakand (1897)
- First Mohmand Campaign (1897–98)
- Tirah Campaign (1897–98)
- Boxer Rebellion (1898–1901)
- Second Boer War (1899–1902)
- Somaliland (1900–20)
- West Africa (1901–02)
- Tibet expedition (1903–04)
- Bambatha Rebellion (1906)
- Nyasaland (1915)
- Nigeria (1915)
- Easter Rising (1916)
- Nigeria (1918)
- Third Anglo-Afghan War (1919)
- Irish War of Independence (1919–22)
- Waziristan campaign (1919–20)
- Iraq (1920)
- Malabar Rebellion (1921)
- Kurdistan (1922–24)
- Transjordan (1923)
- Pink's War (1925)
- Ikhwan Revolt (1927–30)
- Barzani revolt (1931-32)
- Second Mohmand Campaign (1935)
- Palestine (1936–39)
- Waziristan campaign (1936–39)
- Ethiopia (1943)
- Indochina (1945–46)
- Indonesia (1945)
- Sarawak (1946–50)
- Malayan Emergency (1948–60)
- Mau Mau Uprising Kenya (1952–60)
- Oman (1954–59)
- Cyprus Emergency (1955–59)
- Suez Crisis (1956)
- Oman (1962–76)
- Brunei (1962)
- Sarawak (1962–90)
- Malaysia (1962–66)
- Aden (1963–67)
- Falklands (1982)
- EngvarB from May 2014
- Use dmy dates from May 2014
- All articles with unsourced statements
- Articles with unsourced statements from September 2010
- WorldHeritage articles needing page number citations from August 2015
- Commons category template with no category set
- Commons category without a link on Wikidata
- Anglo-Sikh wars
- Conflicts in 1845
- Conflicts in 1846
- Battles involving the Sikhs
- Military history of British India
- History of Sikhism
- 1845 in India
- 1846 in India
External links


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You little racers will spend hours of fun with this child racetrack table and chairs set! There's an actual working matchbox car racetrack built into this kid's table which fits Matchbox and Hot Wheels cars and it includes a corkscrew racetrack with handy toy car storage area. Designed with your child safety in mind, this racetrack table is finished in a non-toxic paint.
Want to purchase this item? Click here to be taken to a website where you can buy the Kids Racetrack Table and Chairs Set.


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And besides, because of all she has accomplished, Barbara Jordan has always been a hero of mine.
But, you know there's a lot of westerns - not that they were bad - it's just that they can be remade because they're great stories that aren't indelible in an audience's mind when it comes to both the cast and the story.
Do you like my suit? I think this is an amazing suit, don't you think?
Having had that experience... I think, what modern culture wants to see is the relationship with the woman. I don't think you can tell a story on film nowadays where the woman simply is there for the man when he decides to settle down.
I don't feel the obligation to have a big explosion in the first 20 seconds so the audience doesn't turn on another channel. We are trying to make something that looks like a feature film that was bought for television and I think we are succeeding.
I feel the other element of a western is the land, which is very important in this movie. I mean the land is another character in the piece, actually.
I guess after Dances With Wolves they probably tried some derivative westerns, and if they didn't work, they said the western is dead and moved on to something else.
I had a strong, really good upbringing, not puritanical.
I live a pretty simple life.
I praise CBS for taking a risk, which is always the price you pay for opportunity. This is not standard movie of the week storytelling. I think movies of the week have fallen into a niche and that isn't my niche.
I realized I really liked the screen. I knew it was a challenge, but I wasn't afraid of risk.
I think a lot of Magnum was me.
I've learned by hanging out in Hollywood, where I disagree politically with most people, that most people's hearts are in the right place, and the only thing we have to argue about is the way to solve the problems.
I've never reacted well to other people telling me what to do.
If you buy an expensive thing and you never use it, I don't think there's a point to it.
It is scary for an actor when you get hired as a lead. No matter what the plot is, it is your job to do something interesting enough to make them want to get inside the lead character's head.
It's not that conservatives don't care. We do. We just have different answers than liberals do. It's a difference of the mind, not of the heart.
Shooting clay targets is a very cleansing experience. It's very relaxing. It takes a lot of concentration. It's also very social, since you're usually shooting with friends. You can talk and forget about almost anything else that's on your mind.
Son, never throw a punch at a redwood.
There was a time I could have been mistaken for Burt Reynolds. I had a moustache and so did he. But he was the number one star in the world, so there wasn't really much confusion.


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Glorious May! A riot of colour and my favourite month for so many reasons.
Trees are clothed in fresh vivid green foliage. Cascades of frothy white and occasionally red hawthorn blossom plunge into an understorey of Queen Anne's lace; vibrant yellow meadow buttercups; green alkanet; lawn daisies and garlic mustard.
Horse chestnut candles are spectacular as is lilac, one of my best loves shrubs harking back to my childhood when I used to climb one in the garden and watch wildlife from there.
In fact all blossom and wild flowers are especially lush this year and Isabella plantation in Richmond Park is well worth a visit to admire the mixed azaleas. And now, just opening up is my pick of the bunch, namely oxeye daisies.
My garden nest box robins fledged early this month and are being fed around neighbouring gardens.
Birdsong is reaching a crescendo. The dawn chorus on bank holiday Monday was truly magical with songs of blackbird ( enjoying an excellent year) and robins dominant, the most melodious of all being a songthrush. Sadly however a call missed from that singalong at first light was the cuckoo.
Later that day a few swifts arrived overhead but their numbers are well below par.
In these days of dwindling butterfly species it is heartening to see one, the holly blue (pictured) a lover of our gardens very common this spring. The species is unique among British butterflies in that it chooses different foodplants on which to lay eggs. The spring brood lays on holly while the late summer generation choose ivy, pyracantha and similar plants.
So, glorious May, a month to savour.


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Living and training in the here and now. I used to worry about everything but not any more. NOW I focus on what's in my control and don't worry about it isn't. Feel free to follow along as I continue my journey to become an Ironman!
Wednesday, November 16, 2011
getting back on the wagon
It was so nice out this past weekend I went for two runs outside, Saturday was a 7km run and it was brutal! Now I really know why my massage therapist always told me not to workout after an appointment. I was so surprised to see how slow I was running and how hard it felt. Also got a bunch of housework out of the way and got our laundry/storage room better organized.
Sunday I did bit more around the house and went and picked up a few things from the store. I went for a quick 5km, there was no way I was going to let another gorgeous day go by and not run outside. It's going to be cold before we know it so I wanted to make the most of the +15 degrees!?! My time was SO much better than the day before, my legs felt great and I felt so much faster.
I was feeling a bit off Monday and Tuesday but I didn't want to miss my second spin class so I went on Tuesday. It was totally different from the Thursday night but it was just as good. We did more temp work cycling as fast as we could then climbed a huge hill then came down the other side. It was great work out and I am starting to know how much I can push myself on the bike.
Tonight I went to the runner/triathlete yoga. It was really different from the moksha yoga I have done in the past but it good to stretch out my legs and hips. I didn't realise how tight my muscles had been and the savasna was just what I needed.
My diet has improved this week as well. On Sunday I dusted off my copy of The Zone and decided to get back to basics with my eating by balancing my carbs, protein and fat. So far, so good. Next up (starting tonight) no more late night snacking...this has been a major downfall for me in the past and when I keep my snacking and late night eating in line I am way more successful. For a few reasons, I haven't hopped on the scale in a long time and don't plan on getting on any time soon. I don't want or need to get wrapped up in the numbers, while I know I have gained back more than I would care to admit the numbers on the scale is not what I need to focus on right. Right now, it's more important to get in at least five workouts during the week and just eat healthy...I know how to do all this, now it's just a matter of doing it!
3 comments:
I wish I was able to take advantage of the beautiful weekend weather. My achillies is tender so I am taking some time off from running. As a result I have been hitting the bike trainer pretty hard! :)ReplyDelete
The running group I am a part of will be starting the yoga for runners/triathletes. I have never been to a yoga class before. Do you find it helpful??
Is 'The Zone' a cook book?
Keep up the great work and stay on that wagon! :)
btw... I love your 2012 race schedule. How exciting!!!!ReplyDelete
You are feeling better soon and get back out running Fran. I have been going to yoga on and off for a couple years now and this was different but good, I didn't realize how tight some of my muscles were until that class.ReplyDelete
Here is a link to the zone http://www.zonediet.com/ I don't use any of the products other than the book, I just like the concept and knowing what to avoid etc, it actually seems to be a lot like a diabetic diet.
2012 is going to be amazing but I'm terrified and excited at the same time lol.


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Path of Miracles
Grace Cathedral, February 9, 2018
Photo by Lisa Hirsch
I saw and reviewed a most remarkable performance last week, the dance/choral work Path of Miracles, which started life as a choral work by Joby Talbot and is now also incarnated as a dance with choreography by KT Nelson. Path of Miracles was performed by ODC Dance and the magnificent chorus Volti. Here's my review, which I hope does the whole amazing experience justice.
I took some photos. I know, this is almost never allowed, and I was very surprised. My current cell phone has a terrible camera, so the photos aren't great and aren't nearly as good as what I could do with my dSLR.


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Hey guys,
Now that summer is fully blooming and I have a little more time to spend outside, I wore this outfit a few weeks ago and wanted to share with you guys. This shirt was such a great investment, super comfy, I wore it like a dress, just as regular shirt or a cover up. Easy to style and perfect for long summer nights.
Thanks for stopping by!
P.S: Next week I am announcing a giveaway. Stay tuned!
Outfit details:
Shirt: Forever21 (sold out) similar here
Shorts: WHBM
T-shirt: Local store, similar here
Flats: Nordstrom (similar here)


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St. Joan of Arc members meeting in "Circle Groups" in participants' homes or at the church facilities for prayer, spiritual programs and service.
St. Ana Circle - 4th Wednesday at 8:00 am
Leaders - Valerie Schmatz-Lopez and Diana Castro
St. Clare Circle - 3rd Wednesday at 1:00 pm
Leaders - Karen Kahn and Carole Gulisano
St. Elizabeth Circle - 2nd Friday at 8:00 am
Leader - Roxanne Blade
Sts. Martha and Mary Circle - 3rd Thursday at 7:00 pm
Leaders - Marie Barbagallo and Cindy McLaughlin
St. Monica Circle - 4th Monday at 2:00 pm
Leader - Ann Sheldon
St. Theresa of Lisieux - 3rd Tuesday at 9:00 am
Leader - Pat St. Germaine
Also the following events are planned for 2015-2016:
Tuesday, November10, 2015 - Covered Dish Dinner and CHICO's Fashion Show - 6:30 pm St. Joan of Arc Mercy Center
Wednesday, December 16, 2015 - Christmas Luncheon at noon - Delray Beach Club
Wednesday, February 24, 2016 - Day of Reflection, 8:00 am St. Joan of Arc Mercy Center


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Snorkel Safari - A guided snorkelling tour
We love snorkelling.
Snorkelling is the easiest and cheapest way to view coral reefs. Snorkelling and scuba diving are completely different activities though and one of the great things about snorkelling is that we can talk to you while we snorkel.
Did you know that coral is an animal in the same family as jelly fish and sea anemones?
Did you know that those sea cucumbers eat and poo sand and breath through their bums?
Did you know that many reef fish can change sex during their lives?
Our snorkel tours are ideal for both first-time snorkellers - and experienced snorkellers who want to learn more about what they're looking at out on the reef.
We passionately want more people to experience and understand the complex, beautiful and diverse world that is a coral reef environment.
Prices are in AUD and per person. Please note a non refundable credit card surcharge fee of 1%(Mastercard & Visa), 2.8%(Amex), 2%(Union Pay) or 1.54%(Alipay) applies to all bookings. This fee is not included if payment is made via POLi.
Prices & booking
Adult $55, Child $30 (AUD, per person)
Pre-book online with your Great Barrier Reef experience or book at the pontoon


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Britain's favourite supermodel bids "bon voyage" to the luxury liner Sojourn at a black tie event with fireworks over the River Thames
Twiggy had the honour of giving Seabourn's new 450-passengers luxury ship Sojourn a real champagne send-off recently. She looked delighted with her new role as the brand new ship's godmother, announcing "Welcome to my yacht… I wish!" before posing for photos with Sojourn's Norwegian Captain, Karlo Buer.
Parent company Yachts of Seabourn made a donation to Breast Cancer Haven in Twiggy's honour and held a fundraiser before the ship departed for its first season in Northern European waters.
At a glamorous event in London, Pam Conover, President and CEO of Yachts of Seabourn told the black tie crowd that Twiggy had been chosen as the ship's godmother because the cruise line wanted someone with "elegance, style, timeless beauty and an iconic presence," to match the qualities of the new liner.
Champagne and a stunning firework display on the River Thames followed dinner, before guests tucked into desserts around the pool deck.
The 32,000-ton Sojourn is the sister ship to the Seabourn Odyssey, which set sail last year to glowing reviews. The ships are about double the size of the other three ships in the Seabourn fleet and carry twice as many passengers.
Sojourn boasts a two-deck spa, the largest on any luxury ship and the menus have been created by celebrity chef Charlie Palmer from New York's Aurora Restaurant. Among other amenities, the cruise liner has a plush "concierge lounge" with a library, boutiques, internet centre, café and outdoor terrace, a 9-hole mini golf course on the top deck, two swimming pools and six outdoor whirlpools and rooms are equipped with flatscreen TVs, iPod and MP3 connections.
Seabourn fans won't have to wait long for another glamorous addition to the fleet; a third sister ship is to be launched next year.


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Get busy in North Dakota this May
BISMARCK, N.D. – Longer, warmer days bring more life to North Dakota with many ways to experience the new season. Outdoor pursuits could include a gritty gravel-road mountain bike race, a leisurely afternoon flying a kite or a weekend fishing. Get off the beaten path and visit the picturesque Dakota Sun Gardens Winery or help the kids earn their Junior Ranger badge at Theodore Roosevelt National Park. There are plenty of urban adventures, too. Check out a live concert, enjoy the ballet or find a treasure at Fargo's Junk Market. A surge in temperatures brings a surge in activity so get out and join the fun.
An Alternative Adventure
Ready to try something new this May? Extreme North Dakota's Spring Primer Adventure Race is geared toward newbies to endurance adventure racing with a course that winds its way through Turtle River State Park and Larimore Dam (http://endracing.com/end-spar). Get on your bike and pedal with locals on the Burleigh County Cup, a gravel road cycling race that tours the back roads of Burleigh County (http://burleighcountycup.blogspot.com/). Paint the sky with kites of all sizes, shapes and colors at Sky Fest over Fort Stevenson (http://www.skyfestnd.com/). Get in step with runners at the Fargo Marathon or at one of the shorter races offered at the weekend event (www.fargomarathon.com).
A Culinary Excursion
North Dakota is seeing tremendous growth in its food scene. Local chefs are incorporating flavors of the prairie on their menus and bison and walleye have never tasted so good. Don't miss The Pirogue Grille and Peacock Alley in Bismarck, 10 North Main in Minot or Mezzaluna in Fargo. International cuisine is hitting its stride in the state, as well. Visit Minot's Little Blue Elephant for delicious Thai food or savor the flavors of authentic Mexico at Dickinson's Don Pedro's or Mandan's Taquiera El Guerrero. Winemaking and North Dakota may not seem synonymous, but Dakota Sun Gardens Winery invites guests to come learn about their fruit plots and wine production. The picturesque gardens on the property are also worth the drive (http://www.dakotasungardenswinery.com/).
Off the Beaten Path
To see wildflowers blooming and wildlife reemerging head to Theodore Roosevelt National Park. Borrow a Family Fun Pack (binoculars, guide books and activity sheets) from the Visitor Center and then take a hike to help the kids earn their Junior Ranger badge (https://www.nps.gov/thro/planyourvisit/justforkids.htm). Attend the ArcheoBlitz at Knife River Indian Villages and learn more about the archeological and scientific methods that are used to collect historic cultural data. (https://www.nps.gov/knri/learn/news/archeoblitz.htm). Take in "Ranger Talk at the Mondak" and experience the life of the Fur Trade through Living History and Experimental Archeology at Fort Union Trading Post (https://www.nps.gov/fous/planyourvisit/calendar.htm). North Dakota is also home to 63 national wildlife refuges – more than any other state – so select one to spend the day observing and photographing diverse bird life and large game animals (https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/refuges/nd/).
An Angling Adventure
Love to fish? North Dakota is the place for you. Devils Lake offers some of the best freshwater fishing in the country and is famous for its giant perch, while spring fishing for walleye is popular on the Missouri River. The 40th Annual Dakota Anglers Walleye/Northern Fishing Tournament at the Jamestown Reservoir welcomes anglers to join in the friendly – but utterly serious – competition (ndsportfishingcongress.org/dakotaanglers/Calendar/CalenderOfEvents.html). Lake Sakakawea and the Missouri River are already busy with fishing boats, so get some bait and get in on the action.
These are just a few of the opportunities to celebrate North Dakota's state parks. For more information, go to NDtourism.com or phone 701-328-2525 or 800-435-5663.


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New firmwareFirmware Xerox WC 3225DN/DNI (SD) // 10 symbols .3.50.02.00f // SN + 5 dots
Compatible models: Xerox WC 3225DN, Xerox WC 3225DNIFirmware Xerox WC 3025 (SD) // 10 symbols .3.50.02.00f // SN + 5
Compatible models: Xerox WC 3025Firmware Samsung SL-M2070F/74F/78F/2070FW/74FW/78FW (SD) .33f
Compatible models: Samsung SL-M2070F, Samsung SL-M2070FW, Samsung SL-M2074F, Samsung SL-M2074FW, Samsung SL-M2078F, Samsung SL-M2078FWFirmware Samsung SL-M2070/74/78/2070W/74W/78W (SD) .33f
Compatible models: Samsung SL-M2070, Samsung SL-M2070W, Samsung SL-M2074, Samsung SL-M2074W, Samsung SL-M2078, Samsung SL-M2078WFirmware Xerox WC 3025 (SD) // Only CRUM .3.50.01.15f // SN + 5/Only CRUM
Compatible models: Xerox WC 3025
Firmware Samsung ML-1660/1665/1665K/1667 (MD)
Before you continue with the reprogramming of the firmware, please make sure that the device is installed on your computer. Remove the chip from the cartridge or seal it up. And make sure that any other devices (except mouse and keyboard), which are connected to your computer via USB or LPT ports are disconnected. It's preferable that the computer is connected to the "UPS" (uninterruptible power source) device, because if during the reprogramming process the electricity source has any interruptions, then the reprogramming will be carried out with an error, which makes the device unable to work.
Be aware that with the reprogramming of the firmware the manufacturer's warranty goes lost!!
1. Connect the printer to the computer
2. When you turn the device on, hold the Cancel button until all lights begin flashing
3. Run the program through a file "f1660.exe" which is not in the folder
4. When the program has started, click on "V.30 patch firmware"
5. Afterwards in the folder a file is automatically created - "FIX_ML1660_V1.01.00.30.fls", "FIX_ML1665_V1.01.00.30.fls" or "FIX_ML1667_V1.01.00.30.fls" – the filename depends on the printer which it's connected to
6. The created file needs to be dragged to the file icon "usblist2.exe"
7. Wait until the printer reprograms (1 minute) and restarts
8. After that the reprogramming process is finished, restart the printer
The firmware reprogramming file is not protected against any updates from the Samsung website! Do not download any updates yourself!


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Indola Innova Wonder Wash 250ml
Indola Innova Wonder Wonder Wash Shampoo is a shampoo for daily use. The shampoo creates a healthy shine, moisturizes and makes hair smooth. The shampoo also restores the interior of the hair. Protects the color, nourishes the hair, preserves the vibrant color and cleanses. Helps restore natural elasticity and restructures the hair. The Wonder Wonder Wash Shampoo creates a versatile and complete change from root to ends.


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Walsh Whiskey Distillery at Royal Oak is a world-class distillery producing Irish whiskeys by hand on an 18th Century estate in Ireland's Ancient East region. Set deep in the heart of barley-growing country on the banks of the river Barrow, visitors can experience the ancient craft of distilling in a fully guided, multi-sensory tour of one of Ireland's largest operational whiskey distilleries, and see first-hand how all three styles of Irish whiskey – pot still, malt and grain – are created under one roof. Afterwards visitors can relax and savour a taste of the award-winning whiskeys, with a range of tasting options to choose from, before strolling around the historic Royal Oak estate, taking in Holloden House (1755) and the beautiful scenery that makes Royal Oak the perfect place to craft exceptional whiskeys.
FACILITIES: Whiskey Tours, Shop, Picnic Area, Access to parkland, Wheelchair Access
HOW TO FIND US: On the main Carlow/Kilkenny Rd R448 take turn off onto R724, first left turn on to Royal Oak Rd. Walsh Whiskey Distillery will be 300m on the right.
TOURS: Tours take place daily* at 10am, 12noon, 2pm & 4pm each day… walk-ins welcome! Booking recommended for large groups.
Please email email@example.com, call on +353 59 9186653 or book online at http://walshwhiskey.com/distillery-tour/tour-times-prices/
*Reduced opening hours outside of summer season, please check website for up-to-date information
The tour takes approximately 1 hour and prices start from €15 per person (including a taste of our premium whiskey). Click here to learn more about the distillery tour and experience."
Photographs Nick Bradshaw
Walsh Whiskey Distillery Ltd
Royal Oak


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Do you often doodle on your envelopes? Yesterday we finished listening to an audiobook that was extremely long and I had some fun doodling these blue flowers on a pink envelope - I just had to add the stamp already :)
Alles Liebe!
(As you probably noticed, I'm not that much of a regular blogger any longer - but oh well, at least I'm still a regular letter writer :) )


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SOURCE: Apartment Guide
September 12, 2011 12:03 ET
Renter From Brooklyn, New York Wins $10,000 Grand Prize
Renter From Brooklyn, New York Wins $10,000 Grand Prize
ATLANTA, GA--(Marketwire - Sep 12, 2011) - Apartment Guide, a leading resource for apartments for rent nationwide, announced today the $10,000 grand prize winner of the "Your Picks. Your Place. Sweepstakes" as Kate E., an apartment renter from Brooklyn, N.Y. The announcement is the finale to the summer moving season and closes out Apartment Guide's most successful consumer promotion to date, garnering more than 160,000 entries.
During the sweepstakes, which ran from June 15 through August 10, the official website, YourPicksYourPlace.com, drove 90 percent conversion of visitors to entries, and 35 percent of entrants opted-in to receive future notifications from Apartment Guide. Ongoing social media engagement on Facebook® and Twitter and from key influencers provided Apartment Guide with the most online industry coverage during peak moving months, further bolstering the impact of the sweepstakes.
"The Your Picks. Your Place. Sweepstakes proved to be a valuable way to introduce Apartment Guide to potential renters in key markets nationwide and leverage the power of social media," said Arlene Mayfield, president, Apartment Guide. "The sweepstakes was an effective way to continue enhancing our consumer experience, resulting in maximizing leads and leases."
The sweepstakes was designed to demonstrate multiple decorating style possibilities. Apartment Guide partnered with four featured bloggers to select items to fit various design themes, including modern, traditional, retro and French cottage. Every two weeks, a new room and the blogger's picks were unveiled and consumers voted for their favorite designs. To enter, consumers could visit YourPicksYourPlace.com from June 15 through August 10 and vote on their preferred room design for a chance to win the grand prize or one of eight $250 weekly prizes, which were announced on the site during the sweepstakes period.
The official sweepstakes rules can be found at www.yourpicksyourplace.com. The sweepstakes was not sponsored, endorsed or administered by, or associated with, Facebook Inc. or Twitter, Inc.
About Apartment Guide
A 36-year apartment industry expert, Apartment Guide helps millions of consumers nationwide find an apartment through innovative Internet, mobile and print solutions. A trusted brand, it is a primary apartment search resource, offering potential renters content-rich apartment listings and information. For more information visit http://www.apartmentguide.com.
PRIMEDIA, Apartment Guide and ApartmentGuide.com are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of PRIMEDIA Inc. Facebook® is a registered trademark of Facebook Inc. Twitter is a trademark of Twitter, Inc.
© PRIMEDIA Inc. 2011. All rights reserved.
Media Contact:
Allison Smith
Apartment Guide Email Contact
Media Contact:
Allison Smith
Apartment Guide Email Contact
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Postponed: landed the Sheema Classic 12 months ago
PICTURE: Edward Whitaker (racingpost.com/photos)
Preview: Meydan, Saturday
Longines Dubai SHeema Classic (Group 1) 1m4f, 3yo+, ATR/RUK
WILL the gamble pay off for Postponed? After a stellar five-year-old season in Europe following last year's stunning victory in this race, the percentage call might have been to plan for a lucrative career at stud, but owner Sheikh Mohammed Obaid is nothing if not decisive and has stuck to his guns to ensure the highest-rated horse in Britain is back for the Sheema Classic aged six.
Although favourite to retain his crown, he perhaps does not bring the same air of invincibility to this year's race compared with 12 months ago, having been beaten on his last two starts.
The 2015 King George winner had won his prep race in the Dubai City Of Gold last year but was beaten in the same race this time around, albeit suffering more traffic problems than the Sheikh Zayed Road at home time on a Friday.
That was, however, his first race since he was the beaten favourite in the Arc in October and trainer Roger Varian has been delighted with Postponed since arriving in Dubai midweek.
"I'd say it's a considerable improvement to the horse I bought out here for Super Saturday," said Varian. "With him being a six-year-old, he just took longer to get ready for Super Saturday. I knew he was rusty but what was encouraging was that with a clear run he still would have won.
"Looking at him in the last 48 hours, I could not be more pleased with him. The owner needs to be commended for racing him at six and the intention after Saturday is for a European campaign."
Conditions look perfect for Jack Hobbs
Things have not gone according to plan for Jack Hobbs since a fruitful three-year-old campaign that saw him finish runner-up in the Derby at Epsom and a clear-cut winner of the Irish equivalent.
Having appeared to be a major candidate for the top mile and a half races in Europe last year, he sustained a stress fracture to his pelvis back in May that blew his season to smithereens. He did, however, put in a fine performance when third on his comeback in the Champion Stakes and with so few miles on the clock, may still have more to offer.
"He's in good form and it's great to be here," said trainer John Gosden, who will put blinkers on Jack Hobbs for the first time. "I think it's a small but fabulous field. He's rated 120, yet is the fourth-highest rated in the field. But this is his game; he won an Irish Derby on a galloping track over 1m4f.
"He needs to improve but I hope he can. He ran a blinder to run third to the best three-year-old in Europe in Almanzor, and the Arc winner Found in the Champion Stakes and he seems in good order right now."
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Type: Pendant Lights
Brand Name: WINZSC Body
Material: Glass,Iron,Plastic,Wood Light Source: Incandescent Bulbs Warranty: 1 Number of ght sources: 3
Certification: CCC Lighting Area: 15-30square meters Is Dimmable: No Style: Art Deco Base
Type: E14 Voltage: 90-260V
Material: Alloy Place: Parlor,Study,Master Bedroom,other bedrooms,Hotel Hall,Hotel Room Is Bulbs Included: No Power Source: AC Installation
Type: Cord Pendant
Model Number: 1 Appcation: 1
Light type:LED energy saving lamp incandescent
Crafts:Matte painting Brand: the lamp
Model: the OP - 3
Lampshade and auxiary material: other
The lamp body and auxiary material: iron
Warranty period: 3 years
Color classification: black Green bronze Red tan white
Lamp body is the main material: iron
Main material: lampshade
Energy-saving lamp LED ght source type: incandescent bulbs
Process: painting frosted
Light source number: 3
Irradiation area: 10 m ^ 2 to 15 m ^ 2
Whether or not to bring a ght source of lamps and lanterns: without ght
(including) - 60 w power: 51 w (including)
Voltage: 110 v to 220 v
Appcable space: sitting room dining-room study other/other bedroom
Style: American country SIZE:D 40CM H31CM LINE 40CM
Packaging Details
Type: piece
Weight: 5.0kg (11.02lb.)
Package Size: 30cm x 50cm x 30cm (11.81in x 19.69in x 11.81in)
If you would like to pay by PayPal, you can pay to our PayPal account: firstname.lastname@example.com and email us. Please email us the name of the product, the quantity and other product attributes. The email address is email@example.com. No matter how many goods you buy in one order, the freight you need to pay is only 15 dollars
1. WORLDWIDE SHIPPING. (Except some countries and APO/FPO)
100% Money Back Guarantee on each item. Please contact us within 24 hours upon your receipt of the items. A full refund including shipping will be rendered in the event that the item is not as described. The refund will be rendered once the item has been sent back in original condition.
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---Fast and FREE delivery!fast and FREE delivery!
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Date Added: 03/16/2018
Great AdviceBS were able to advise me on the best size for my son in law's present and then delivered it in quick time.
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by Jarrod Martin
Date Added: 03/16/2018
Service good quality of products very poorI wouldn't buy a suit from here I ordered 2 supposedly top of the range suits and sent them both back!
Rating: [5 of 5 Stars]
by Diane
Date Added: 03/16/2018
Right price great product. If you need to pay the right price and not high street prices then shop here.
Rating: [5 of 5 Stars]
by Andrew Scott
Date Added: 03/16/2018
18 October 2012 Effective and efficient. Would recomend H4D to friends and colleges.
Rating: [5 of 5 Stars]
by Susan Cordery
Date Added: 03/16/2018
Perfect service Great quick and highly recommend shoetique fast delivery
Rating: [5 of 5 Stars]
Displaying 1 to 6 (of 6 reviews)