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The Effect of Atrovastatin on the Ovarian Arterial Blood Flow and Serum Androgen Level in PCOS Patient
Maryam Akbari1*, Alireza Almasi2 , Zahra Naderi3 , Jalil Kouhpayezadeh4 , Roghaye Pourali1 and Zohreh Hossinzadeh5
1Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Radiology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Midwifery and Gynecology, Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital, Iran.
4Department of Social Medicine, Medicine College, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
5Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1046
Various researches have been conducted over the recent years on the therapeutic effects of statins on the metabolic and hyper-androgenic state of the patients suffering from PCOS. The present research seeks to evaluate the treatment with atorvastatin and its effect on the lipid profile level, serum androgen status and morphology and blood flow of polycystic ovaries. A double blind clinical trial was designed for this research where the women with PCOS resorting to the gynecology clinic of Firouzgar Hospital were randomly divided into two groups: case and Control . Early at the beginning of the research, variables such as body mass, lipid profile, blood androgen level, fasting blood Sugar , size of the ovary, and resistance of the stromal artery of ovary were studied. For a period of 6 weeks, one group was given with a daily dose of 40 mg atorvastatin, while the other group just received placebo. All the variables were studied once again after 6 weeks and the results were analyzed using SPSS v.16. The case group included 20 patients suffering from PCOS who received atorvastatin, while there were 20 patients with PCOS in the witness group who just received placebo. The average ages in the atorvastatin and placebo groups were 27.7 ± 3.41 and 9.30 ± 4.8 years old respectively. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of changes in the average cholesterol and LDL levels before and after the intervention. This reduction was more significant in the atorvastatin group. After prescription of atorvastatin, the level of Androstenedione had decreased significantly in treatment group. A statistically significant reduction was observed in the size of left and right ovaries in the group receiving atorvastatin. No significant changes were observed in the size of the ovaries in the group receiving placebo. The average arterial resistance level of left and right ovaries before and after intervention in atorvastatin group exhibited a significant reduction. Having discarded the confounding effect of RI, this difference with the witness group was statistically significant. Keeping in mind the effects of atorvastatin such as improving the lipid profile status and reduction of androstenedione among those with PCOS, it can be used as an auxiliary treatment to control symptoms and long-term side effects among patients. Considering the shrinkage of ovary size and enhancement of blood flow to PCOS ovary, future researches can focus on effectiveness of statins in improving the ovulation status of performance of PCO ovaries.
Hyper-androgenism, Arterial Performance of Ovary, Hyperinsulinemia, Atorvastatin. PCOSDownload this article as:
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Akbari M, Almasi A, Naderi Z, Kouhpayezadeh J, Pourali R, Hossinzadeh Z. The Effect of Atrovastatin on the Ovarian Arterial Blood Flow and Serum Androgen Level in PCOS Patient. Biomed Pharmacol J 2016;9(3).
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Akbari M, Almasi A, Naderi Z, Kouhpayezadeh J, Pourali R, Hossinzadeh Z. The Effect of Atrovastatin on the Ovarian Arterial Blood Flow and Serum Androgen Level in PCOS Patient. Biomed Pharmacol J 2016;9(3). Available from: http://biomedpharmajournal.org/?p=11756
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a syndrome with various symptoms and signs. It is also the most common endocrine pathology among women observed during the ages of fertility, but it is far from being exclusive and hence no particular cause can be introduced for it (1). Various definintoin have been proposed for this syndrome. According to Rotterdam criteria, the presence of 2 of these 3 symptoms indicates this syndrome: 1. no or little ovulation (Oligomenorrhea or Amenorrhea), 2. hyper-androgenomia or hyper-androgenism, and 3. polycystic ovaries (diagnosed through sonography and through discarding other complications with too much discharge of androgen or correlating complications) (1). Nearly 70% of polycystic ovary syndromes exhibit signs of the abnormal lipid levels in body (2). Women with PCOS whether fat or not exhibit degrees of Dyslipidemia and these changes are observed in all three levels of TG, HDL, and LDL (3). As various researches have shown, further to reducing the lipid level of blood, atorvastatin also helps decrease androgen (4). In this syndrome, there is a direct correlation between levels of androgen and insulin resistance and blood lipids level. Reducing the lipid level of blood can help improve the androgen level and enhance Hyperinsulinemia and reduce the side effects of this disease (4). Various researches have also pointed to the fact that atorvastatin can help improve the blood flow of Brachial artery (1). Although no studies have ever been conducted on this medicine and blood flow of ovary artery, we have set to study the effect of this medicine on ovary artery given the available literature indicating improvement of DOMINANT ovary and ovulation with the rise and enhancement of blood flow of ovary artery (5). Considering the problems of those with this disease (obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hyper-androgenomia, no ovulation and Hirsutism), it is necessary to seek an appropriate cure to this disease and try to enhance the life quality of these patients.
Material and Method
This is an analytical, double blind, clinical trial research. The population includes all the women with PCOD resorting to the clinic of Firouzgar Hospital from November 2004 to March 2005. The patients and the measurers had no idea of the variables associated with attribution of the patients. The following inclusion criteria were defined: 1) diagnosis of PCOS based upon existence of 2 of the 3 criteria specified by Rotterdam, 2) BMI > 25.2, 3) LDL > 100, 4) no pregnancy, 5) no other reasons for obesity and metabolic and hormone and glands and metabolism issues, 6) no use of Metformin and other medicines that create sensitivity to insulin and no use of OCP over the last three months and no consumption of medicines that reduce androgen, 7) no sensitivity to atorvastatin, and 8) aging 18 to 35 years old. Certain exclusion criteria were also defined such as 1) pregnancy, 2) using metformin or any other medicines that cause sensitivity to insulin and OCP over the last 3 months before the research and androgen reducer (using progesterone for withdrawal or keeping mensturation was ok), 3) LDL < 100, 4) BMI < 25, 5) any hormonal or metabolic disorders not related to PCOS, 6) any sensitivity to atorvastatin exhibited by the rise of liver enzymes more than three times the normal level and severe cramps of muscles. People qualified for the research were randomly divided into randomized blocks containing 4 people in each one. Early at the beginning of the research, variables such as body mass, lipid profile, blood androgen level, fasting blood Sugar, size of the ovary, and resistance of the stromal artery of ovary were studied. For a period of 6 weeks, one group was injected with a daily dose of 40 mg atorvastatin, while the other group just received placebo. All the variables were studied once again after 6 weeks and the results were analyzed using SPSS v.16.
The tool to collect data was a questionnaire asking for information such as age, LIPID PROFILE, BMI, the androgen level of blood, size of ovary, levels of insulin, fasting blood Sugar, and resistance of the stromal artery of ovary. All laboratory procedures were carried out in laboratory of Firouzgar Hospital. Only the procedures associated with Androstenedione hormone were undertaken in Nour pathobiology laboratory. You will find the kits and experiment methods and techniques used below:
FBS: (Kit: Biosystem) (Experiment Method: Glu-oxidase) (Technique: Auto analyzer sapphire 800)
Chol: (Kit: Biosystem) (Experiment Method: Chol-oxidase) (Technique: Auto analyzer sapphire 800)
TG: (Kit: Biosystem) (Experiment Method: Peroxidase) (Technique: Auto analyzer sapphire 800)
HDL: (Kit: Biosystem) (Experiment Method: Direct) (Technique: Auto analyzer sapphire 800)
LDL: No kit and through calculation
Testosterone: By ECL machine built by Rosh German Company
DHEAS: By Liason machine by Rosh German Company
Androstenedione: (Diametra kit) (Experiment Method: Eliza)
Vaginal Doppler and sonography were carried out by radiologist in sonography ward of Firouzgar Hospital. A Voluson 730 Expert machine with a 6 to 12 MHz micro convex vaginal probe was used for sonography. 40 mg atorvastatin pills (in the form of calcium tri-hydrate) built by Sobhan Darou Company registered under code 1228058660 (IRC) was used in the case group while 100 mg pills of B1 vitamin produced by Darou Pakhsh Co. was used as placebo for witness group (thiamin hydrochloride). Sequential nonrandom sampling method was used in both groups. The resulting information was analyzed using SPSS 16. As for qualitative variables, indicators such as frequency, mode, mean, and average were calculated. The frequency of qualitative variables was also measured. Independent t test was used to study qualitative variables, while repeated measures test was used to calculate the changes observed in two groups before and after intervention. Forward linear regression was used to study the confounding effect. The ethics committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences studied the ethical aspects of this research and approved it under the code 93/D/105/4431. The patients were not charged for experiments. The results were confidential and only the general results and conclusions were reported. Throughout the stages of this research, the ethical principles specified in treaty of Helsinki were observed. The general results were published in credible scientific resources in order to fulfill the goals. The written consent of the patients was obtained before their entrance to the research.
The present research was conducted to study the effect of atorvastatin on the arterial performance of ovary and androgen level of blood among those suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome. The case group included 20 patients suffering from PCOS who received atorvastatin, while there were 20 patients with PCOS in the witness group who just received placebo. The average ages in the atorvastatin and placebo groups were 7.27 ± 3.41 (22 to 35) and 9.30 ± 4.8 (18 to 35) years old respectively. Table 1 presents the results of laboratory profile for all groups before and after treatment in details.
Table 1: Metabolic and fat profile and level of androgen hormones in both groups before and after treatment
The results of sonography for both groups before and after treatment are presented in table 2.
Table 2: Sonography results
|Atorvastatin (n = 20)
|Placebo (n = 20)
|Comparing atorvastatin and placebo
|Pre-average (SD)
|Post-average (SD)
|Average difference
|Pre-average (SD)
|Post-average (SD)
|Average difference
|Average difference
|P- value
(-56.0, 39.1)
(-8.91, 2.86)
|5.42 (-51.7, 40.9)
|Left ovary size
(-0.05, 1.57)
(-1.48, 0.30)
(-2.51, -0.17)
|Right ovary size
(-1.76, -0.09)
(-0.54, 0.23)
(-1.97, -0.18)
|Arterial resistance of left ovary
(-0.05, -0.01)
(-0.02, 0.18)
(-0.15, 0.05)
|Arterial resistance of right ovary
(-0.0, 0.04)
(-0.0, 0.02)
(-0.01, 0.03)
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a kind of syndrome with various signs and symptoms and it is far from being an exclusive endocrine pathology, thus it has no exclusive cause. Keeping in mind the frequency and prevalence of this disease and the problems caused by it in terms of hormone, appearance, metabolism and other systematic issues, it will turn into a major infertility problem among those women in the age of pregnancy and fertility. There are several researches and studies conducted on this issue with similar or dissimilar results in terms of the type of research and the population studied. Based on our researches, our paper is the first one to study the influence of atorvastatin on the stromal artery of ovary. Of course, similar studies using metformin have been conducted over this issue (6). Positive effects of statins in reducing arthrosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases have been proved. As a result, statins are used to treat dyslipidemia and to prevent atherosclerosis and cardiovascular issues (7). The present research also studied the possible effect of atorvastatins in reducing the sclerosis of stromal artery of ovary.
A study was conducted by Raja-Khan et al (2011) in order to determine the effects of statins on vascular performance, inflammation and blood level of androgen among women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome. Of androgen hormones, androstenedione exhibited a significant reduction compared to atorvastatin and placebo (4). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in our research. Androstenedione had decreased significantly in the group where participants had received atorvastatin. Hyper-androgenomia is a risk factor that increases the risk of affliction with cardio-vascular diseases and high blood pressure among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (8). These are the Pleiotropic effect of statin: improving the level of CRP, endothelial performance disruption, higher bioavailability of nitric oxide, antioxidant properties, harnessing inflammatory responses, and stability of Atherosclerotic plaques (9). The level of DHEAS serum and testosterone hormone among those suffering from PCOS has been reported to be significantly higher than what was observed among healthy women (10). Sathyapalan et al (2012) conducted a research in order to see the effects of atorvastatin on density of testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA, and DHEAS among those suffering from PCOS. The results reported a significant reduction of androstenedione and DHEAS among those patients who had received atorvastatin for 3 months. However, no significant changes were observed using the placebo (11). It is important to keep in mind that as the length of treatment becomes longer, it is better to use a lower dose of this medicine and this suggestion was followed and observed in other researches conducted so far. Puurunen et al (2013) studied the effects of atorvastatin treatment on hormone parameters and metabolism of women suffering from PCOS (12). They reported a reduced level of DHEAS serum in atorvastatin group while no change was observed in the testosterone level of serum. Meanwhile, the results of our research indicated no decrease of these 2 parameters in any of those two groups. Gao L et al (13) conducted a meta-analysis and reported a significant difference in total reduction of testosterone serum while comparing statin with placebo. This is quite the opposite to the results we achieved in our research. In another RCT research conducted on 248 women suffering from PCOS in statin and placebo groups, a reduction in the level of testosterone was observed (8).
According to the results of our research, the changes in the average level of cholesterol and LDL in both groups before and after intervention were statistically significant and a higher level of reduction was observed in atorvastatin group. Gao L et al (13) also believe that statin is more effective than placebo in reducing the levels of LDL, TC and TG. In the research conducted by Raval et al (8), statins helped improve the status of total cholesterol, LDL, and TG, but they had no significant influence on HDL, HS, and CRP. These results are so close to the results we achieved. In our research, the HDL level of patients before and after intervention in both the placebo and atorvastatin group exhibited a significant increase. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups before and after intervention in terms of changes in the level of HDL. Changes in the level of TG were not noticeable in any of these groups.
It was shown in another research that using atorvastatin for 6 months helped reduce the level of FBS and resistance against insulin (12). Using atorvastatin for 40 days in our research showed no significant reduction in the level of fasting blood Sugar. On the other hand, a significant reduction in the level of fasting blood Sugar was observed following treatment with atorvastatine in the research conducted by Mobseri et al (14).
The other two variables studied in this research were size of ovary and resistance of ovary artery. An increased size of ovary is one of the main criteria used to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome (15). As for the characteristics of this syndrome in sonography, one may refer to an ovary size above 10 cc and observation of 12 or more Follicles in each ovary with a size of 2 to 9 mm and stroma with increased central echo (16). In our research, the size of left and right ovaries exhibited a statistically significant reduction in the group using atorvastatin. However, no significant decrease in the size of the ovaries was observed in the group which had received placebo. All in all, the changes in the size of the ovaries in case group was significantly more than what was observed in witness group which resulted in a statistically significant size reduction. A research conducted in 2011 found no reduction in the size of ovary in any of the two groups. A comparison of the average changes in two groups reported no statistically significant reduction in the size of the ovaries. Keeping in mind the results of the current research and the other research conducted in Pennsylvania, measurement of size changes in larger samples seems useful for recording more effective results (4). No research on those suffering from PCOD was found concerning the indexes of Doppler sonography of stromal artery of ovary. A research was conducted on 41 women with PCOD where posterior cilliary artery, central retinal artery, and orbital artery were studied and compared against control group. Factors such as systolic and diastolic pace had increased in orbital artery and posterior cilliary artery, but arterial resistance index exhibited some kind of reduction. They claimed a relationship between the blood flow speed and levels of cholesterol and a revers relationship between the former and insulin and glucose level of serum (17). Although these researches did not deal with ovary artery, the correlation between Doppler indexes and systemic metabolic state points to the fact that the very same study can be conducted for ovary artery. In this research, a resistive index was taken from both the case and witness groups and all of them were above 0.40 which practically discarded any possibility of malignant masses in ovaries as it has been observed that tumoral arteries have no muscular layer and they are of low resistance (18). Only RI was measured in our research. In another RCT research, FMD (follow mediated dilation) in brachial artery was measured. This value in internal medicine is indicative of long-term cardiovascular incidents. The results pointed to the fact that this case caused no statistically significant change in any one of the two groups. They claimed that the average sum of FMD following consumption of atorvastatin has improved, hence atorvastatin is a useful medicine for these cardiovascular incidents (4). However, RI of stromal artery of ovary exhibited a decrease in the mean on both sides. In statistical terms, the resistance of right stromal artery exhibited a borderline reduction. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of stromal arterial resistance of ovary having eliminated the confounding influence of RI variable. Considering the statistically significant reduction in the average arterial resistance in case group after receiving atorvastatin, this medicine seems really helpful in fulfilling this goal. It is better to study application of this medicine over a longer course of time and in a larger population. Concerning the Doppler indexes of the stromal artery of ovary and consumption of metformin among 25 women suffering from PCOS, RCT study was carried out where they received a daily dose of 850 mg of this medicine for 6 months which resulted in the higher levels of RI and PI (6).
Another method used to treat infertility among those suffering from this syndrome is using Diathermy or cauterization of the surface of ovary. A research conducted on 52 patients 6 weeks after laparoscopy and cauterization on Doppler indexes of stromal artery of ovary demonstrated a greater pace of flow (19). Using a non-invasive medical treatment and without increasing the risk of surgical side effects and early failure of ovary, favorable therapeutic results may be achieved for a patient using a method with good tolerance and little cost.
Research limitations
The small population of the patients due to the strict exclusion criteria (using metformin within the last three months before the research, OCP, any anti-androgen medicines, cardio-vascular diseases, gland and metabolism issues) was the main limitation in this research. This problem can be easily resolved by increasing the number of participants.
All in all, we may conclude that atorvastatin is a relatively useful medicine as it improves some biochemical factors associated with metabolic syndrome of these patients and its favorable consequences on the artery of ovary can not be denied. It is recommended to measure all Doppler indexes on stromal artery of ovary so that more accurate results can be achieved. Based on the results achieved in our research, it is recommended to carry out a study with a larger population where indexes of stromal artery in patients suffering from polycystic syndrome who are undergoing treatment with atorvastatin can be studied in greater details and the results can be used to treat the patients. Keeping in mind the improvement of lipid profile status and reduction of androstenedione levels among those suffering from PCOS, atorvastatin can be used as an auxiliary treatment to control the symptoms and long-terms complications. Concerning the reduction of the size of ovary and improvement in blood flow of PCOS ovary, future researches can focus on the effectiveness of statins in improving the ovulation status and performance of PCO ovaries.
- Marc A, Fritz, Leon Sperooff. Clinical genecologyic endocrinology and infertility. Eight Edition. 2011;1(12):498-531.
- E Diamanti-Kandarakis et al. Pathophysiology and Types of Dyslipidemia in PCOS. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2007;18(7): 280-285.
- Legro RS, Kunselman AR, Dunaif A. Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Med. 2001;111(8):607-13.
- Nazia Raja-Khan ,M.D.Allen R.Kunselman ,M.A.Cynthia S.Hogeman ,R.N.Richard S .Legro ,M.D.Effect of Atorvastatin on vascular function,inflammation and androgens in woman with polycystic ovary syndrome:a double blind ,randomized ,placebo-control trial. Fertil Steril. 2011; 95(5): 1849-52.
- Costello MF1, Shrestha SM, Sjoblom P, McNally G, Bennett MJ, Steigrad SJ, Hughes GJ. .power Doppler ultrasound assessment of ovarian blood flow in women with polycystic ovaries and normal ovary during in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 2005; 83(4): 945-54.
- Ozcimen EE, Uckuyu A, Ciftci FC, Zeyneloglu HB. The effect of metformin treatment on ovarian stromal blood flow in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet.2009; 280(2): 263-9.
- Sohrabvand F, Lankarani M, Golestan B, Javidi E. Serum homocysteine levels in PCOS patients versus healthy women.J Reprod Infertil. 2009; 9(4): 334-341.
- Raval AD, Hunter T, Stuckey B, Hart RJ. Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; 5(10): CD008565
- Parlakgumus HA, Aka Bolat F, Bulgan Kilicdag E, Simsek E, Parlakgumus A. Atorvastatin for ovarian torsion: effects on follicle counts, AMH, and VEGF expression. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014; 175: 186-90.
- Kadaman PH, Duleba AJ. Statin in treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Semin Reprod Med. 2008; 26: 127-138.
- Sthyapalan T, Smith KA, Coady AM.Atorvastatin therapy decrease and rostendione and dehydroepiandrostendione sulphate concentration in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome randomized clinical trial. Ann Clin Biochem. 2012; 49: 80–85.
- Johanna Puurunen, Terhi Piltonen, Katri Puukka, Aimo Ruokonen, Markku J. Savolainen, Risto Bloigu, Laure Morin-Papunen, and Juha S. Tapanainen. Statin Therapy Worsens Insulin Sensitivity in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013; 98(12): 4798-807.
- Gao L, Zhao FL, Li SC. Statin is a reasonable treatment option for patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2012; 120(6): 367-75.
- Majid Mobasseri, Jafar Shadi, Amir Bahrami, Akbar Aliasgarzadeh, Esmaeil Faraji, Morteza Gojazadeh. A comparison of effects of Atorvastatin and OCP on biochemical profile of PCOS patients. Journal of American Science. 2013; 9(7s).
- Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Eric S. Kilpatrick, Anne-Marie Coady, and Stephen L. Atkin. The Effect of Atorvastatin in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009; 94(1): 103-8.
- Anna S, Lev Toaff , Deborah Levine John P, McGahan Barry B Goldberg. Diagnostic sonography female pelvice. 2009; 1008-1015.
- Nurgül Örnek, MikailI nal, Özlem Banu Tulmaç, Zeynep Özcan-Dag and Kemal Örnek. Ocular blood flow in polycystic ovary syndrome.J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2015.
- Peter W.Callen ,Md.5 Th Edition ,.Ultrasonography In Obstetrics And Gynecology. Isbn-13: 978-1416032649 ISBN-10: 1416032649 Edition: 5th.
- Parsanezhad ME, Bagheri MH, Alborzi S, Schmidt EH. Author information Ovarian stromal blood flow changes after laparoscopic ovarian cauterization in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod.2003; 18(7): 1432-7.


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While in some cases, an ordered child support amount may stay the same from the time of the order to when the child ages out, there are some circumstances under which the order would need to be modified. In general, either party may request to have the child support order reviewed to see if there are grounds for modification every two years, but if there is a significant change in income before the two years are up, either party may be able to petition sooner.
Tennessee couple can now legally divorce
Now that the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that same-sex couples can get married in any state, many are headed to the altar to finally legalize their unions. However, others are heading for divorce court. Because same-sex marriage was not recognized in all the states, a couple who was legally wed in a state that did allow same-sex marriage faced difficulty getting a divorce in a state that did not recognize the unions.
Property divisions and prenups
Recently, celebrity couple Jennifer Garner and Ben Affleck announced their plans to divorce. The announcement came just one day after the couple's 10th wedding anniversary, which has led to speculation that the timing may have had to do with California's 10-year rule when it comes to determining spousal support. However, others are wondering if it might be because of a clause in a prenuptial agreement.
Alimony considerations for people in Tennessee
In our previous post, we discussed how alimony has changed in recent times. That post is a good reminder that when you are divorcing, you often have to fight for what you want and need. We can stand beside you as you go through every step of the divorce process.

subset: commoncrawl


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Gabriela HromisHunter@ghromis · WisePeach.com
Chip Heath is a Professor of Organizational Behavior at Stanford, and his brother Dan is a journalist. They have written several business books, but I think this one is their strongest, and unusually good for a business book. From my notes. this is a short overview: 4 villains of decision-making 1. Avoid narrow framing - Narrow framing is a tendency to define our choices too narrowly 2. Confirmation bias - when we want something to be true, we spotlight the things that support it and then draw conclusions from those spotlighted scenes. 3. Short-term emotion - Being swayed by emotion that will fade 4. Overconfidence - people think that they know more than they do about how the future will unfold. solution: wrap 1. Widen your options - Is there a way to do this AND that? - How can you expand your set of choices? - Think about the opportunity costs - Vanishing options test: What if your current options disappeared? When our options disappear, we are forced to move out spotlights. 2. Reality-test your assumptions - How can you get outside of your head and collect information that you can trust? 3. Attain distance before deciding 4. Prepare to be wrong I've found number 1 (widen your options) especially powerful in my life


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Engineering Spring 2018 Career Fair - February 6 - 8, 2018
Lance Cooper
This spring, Engineering Career Services and Engineering Council (Expo) are joining forces to host the inaugural combined Engineering Spring Career Fair! The three-day spring fair will also include a Startup Career Fair, being hosted by Founders, a student entrepreneurship organization. The combined efforts of Engineering Career Services, Engineering Council (Expo) and Founders, now offers Illinois Engineering students access to nearly 260 companies recruiting for internships and full-time employment, the largest Spring Career Fair in our College's history!
Engineering Career Fair
Date: February 6th – 8th
Time: 1:00pm – 6:00pm
Place: Illini Union
*Startup Career Fair on February 8th
For more details about the career fair, listing of companies and a floor map, download the mobile interactive app found in the App Store and Google Play Store: Career Fair Plus. If you prefer, you can also click here to access this information online.
In addition to the hectic days of the career fair, many students will be invited to participate in interviews that take place the days immediately following the career fair. Because of interview room space limitations, our students could have interviews across campus at: Engineering Career Services, Grainger Library and Memorial Stadium (Colonnades Club).


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Building stronger shoulders is a must not only to help round out your lower body development, but also to ensure that injuries don't start to occur.
Shoulder injuries are all too common and if you aren't taking steps to avoid this, they can definitely happen to you.
That said, if the only shoulder exercise you currently have in place in your program plan is the shoulder press, you have some adjustments to make. Adding good variety to your shoulder workout will ensure your shoulders stay challenged and you see optimal results.
Let's go over what you should know.
Isometric Lateral Raise
The first good shoulder builder is an isolation movement so you will want to include it towards the end of the workout session. The lateral raise is great for hitting the lateral head of the deltoid and by adding the isometric hold in there, you really increase the total tension on the muscle tissues.
If you want to gain great muscle endurance, this is the way to do it.
T-raises are another exercise variation to consider. This one is great since it's going to work both the lateral as well as the front shoulder muscles, giving you that nice capped appearance many people are going for.
To perform it, simply lift the weight upwards into the front position and then from there, move directly to the side making sure you don't let the weights drop.
From there, lower back down and then proceed to complete the next rep, only this time starting at the side and moving front.
You'll really feel the shoulders burning during this exercise as it is very intense, so use a lighter weight at first as your body adjusts.
Upright Rows
Finally, don't overlook upright rows. This is another good exercise that can be performed to isolate the shoulders and does allow you to typically lift heavier weight as well.
This one is good for those who can't do shoulder presses due to an elbow injury but who do still want to see great strength gains.
Make sure when performing it that you maintain a flat back position to avoid excess lower back pain.
So keep these shoulder building moves in place and integrate them into your upper body workout session. You should still get the shoulder press in if you aren't limited by injury but all of these will make great additions to that strength-building compound movement.


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Salt of the Earthby Peter J. Leithart
"Salt of the earth" is one of the best-known phrases in the Bible, but it's more enigmatic than we realize. Salt has many qualities, and it's not clear which one Jesus is highlighting. Does Jesus want disciples to preserve the world? Are disciples as necessary to the world as salt is to life? Are disciples the seasoning on a main course dished up by someone else? Continue Reading »


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Personalized Maglite Flashlights
Personalized Maglite Flashlights
Personalized Maglite Flashlights are one of the most well-known brands of flashlights because they don't compromise on quality and can stand up against any task that it faces. Most notably, the Maglite brand has been used by law enforcement personnel, from policemen to military forces, to light the way to justice and freedom. Given that they are such fabulous flashlights, it is no wonder that they are equally as fabulous when it comes to selling a brand. If you want to present a dynamic promotional product to your potential and existing clients, then utilizing personalized Maglite flashlights is one of the best advertising directions to take.
Many safety enthusiasts will keep candles handy in the case of emergency and in preparation for a power outage. Personalized Maglite flashlights can be a dependable alternative to store in a preparedness kit. With candles you run the risk of starting a fire. You will also have to be prepared with fire sources like a match or lighter. With Maglites, you can keep a flashlight in a safe place for a considerable time because the product is not manufactured to guzzle battery power and will therefore last a long time.
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330 GT Registry
MODERN MOTOR — July 1966
Forget the propaganda — what would happen if Enzo's famous noise machines were judged on the same basis as other cars? You might be in for a shock when you read this explosive report printed by special arrangement with U.S. "Road Test" magazine.
The prancing horse of Maranello is one of the most honoured emblems in motoring. As the trade-mark of Enzo Ferrari, it is viewed with reverent awe throughout the world. By the racing enthusiast as the badge of grand prix success, by the sports-car fan, as the symbol of ultimate in performance and road- ability, by the moneyed man about town, as the supreme status symbol, the sign of one of the world's most expensive and most exclusive cars.
But, to the editors of Road Test, it represents too much prance and not enough horse.
Ferrari, like Rolls-Royce, is an incredibly overrated auto-maker. His cars enjoy world-wide prestige be cause of an exaggerated reputation and excellent promotion, not because of reality.
The reputation is based on Ferrari's undeniable success in racing. And the promotion has managed to transfer the glamour and mystery of the fiery red single seaters to the ordinary passenger cars, to transform the latter into supposed embodiments of automotive 'virility.
This rub-off was accomplished, not by merely using the same nameplate and type of engine—as has been the historical practice—but by brazenly employing the unrefined and totally unsuitable early race car design in so-called luxury touring cars.
Ferrari is said to be a genius like Ettore Bugatti, who has created a series of mechanical masterpieces. From his first 1.5-litre Type 125 back in 1947 to his latest 5-litre "Superfast," his cars have been regarded as the finest and fastest of their kind. And, invariably, the man whose name they bear has been 'iven credit for their concept and design.
Genius he may be. But, if so, it is in the field of myth-making, not engineering.
Ferrari himself, unlike Bugatti has had little to do with the design of his cars. They have been created by subordinates. The credit — or blame — for the vehicles belongs to these hired hands, not to the aloof Commendatore in the front office.
To him does go credit for making a fortune out of a fable. And blame for perpetrating the fable in the first place.
The key to the Ferrari legend is a 60-degree V-12 engine, originally conceived and developed nearly twenty years ago by an engineer named Gioacchino Colombo.
Ferrari chassis design has never really amounted to much. Even the marque's racing success can be attributed to engine performance, not to chassis engineering.
The low, red cars have scored in competition despite their steering, suspension, and braking, not because of them.
Ferrari builds only engine and chassis components. Bodywork is farmed out and the Maranello factory becomes involved in it only to the extent of approving suggested styling ideas from coachbuilders.
Nonetheless, Ferrari must accept the responsibility for the complete vehicles that carry his prancing horse badge. It's his fault — not, say, Pininfarina's — that the cars reach their buyers in such shabby condition. The coachbuilders are capable of better workmanship when it's required.
Right from the start of his car-making career, Ferrari has shown no real concern for proper construction and we find it astonishing that no body has called him on it long before, this. His first vehicles, the grand prix cars he fielded right after World War II, were very badly built and failed to meet minimum standards in finish or driver comfort even for racing bodywork.
The same thing proved regrettably true when he began offering cars to the public. The coupe and convertibles he sold to a wealthy but unwary clientele were poorly assembled, uncomfortable and extremely difficult to drive.
But they were Ferrari. and nobody dared question that they might be something less than the absolute pinnacle in automotive engineering and construction.
Their level of finish would shame oven the lowliest California customiser. The aluminium bodywork was made of one-foot square sections of sheet metal, formed over bean bags and then welded together in a quilted approximation of the original design sketches.
At a distance, these cars were beautiful, but when you got up close you could tell they were Italian. They had hair under the fenders.
The interiors were austere to an extreme, though one might consider them an appropriate final touch for what proved to be a sort of auto motive sackcloth and ashes.
Ferrari had given Europe's wealthy and titled nobility something these elevated classes hadn't seen since the Middle Ages. An elaborate and ostentatious way to do penance in public.
That V-12
The rather sketchy upholstery in these early "sporting" Ferraris came unglued—literally—when it was exposed to the rivulets of water that seeped through a poorly sealed wind shield and ill-fitting doors.
The windshield, incidentally, was the only sizable piece of glass in the car. The rest of the windows were plexiglass and invariably scratched and crazed to such a degree that any attempt by the driver to see what was behind or beside him became something of an adventure.
As for riding comfort, it was virtually non-existent. Thin seat pad ding was combined with extremely stiff springing to make a trip over anything but the smoothest pavement a kidney-shattering experience.
Some of these deficiencies are bound to occur in a so-called sports car. But one expects them to be balanced by superior driving qualities. In a Ferrari, though, even that particular compensation is limited.
The cars generally are abominable in traffic and indeed thoroughly frustrating anywhere but on the open road.
The difficulty here is an engine with poor low-end response, together with a severely positive clutch.
In most of its manifestations, the Ferrari V-12 has hit its torque peak around 5000 rpm and its highest horsepower reading at 7000 rpm.
As cases in point, the familiar 3-litre 250-GT powerplant, the unit found in the original "two-plus-two," delivered 181 ft./lb. of torque at 5000 rpm and 240 bhp at 7000, while the 4.9-litre version produced 311 ft.! lb. and 360 bhp at those same crank shaft speeds.
Now, an engine which has to be revved that fast for maximum efficiency isn't going to be very responsive at normal operating speeds. It'll bog and sputter in traffic, for example, protesting that it is a thoroughbred, not a draughthorse.
Add to it an extremely sensitive clutch, one with very little allowance for slippage, and you have real problems.
To move a Ferrari smartly off the line calls for skilled technique. If the pedals aren't manipulated with care, the engine will stall or the clutch will be subjected to severe wear and will require frequent attention and adjustment.
A glance at the various kinds of clutches that Ferrari and his under lings have tried to snap to the V-12 engine shows that the crew at Maranello is aware of this flaw but has had considerable difficulty trying to cure it.
Early road versions of the marque had a fierce, multiple-disc unit that was either in or out. It couldn't be slipped at all. A standard, single-disc design was next, but required constant adjustment for proper operation.
Then, a double-disc type was tried. However, it was too thick and heavy and it wore much too rapidly. Currently, a single-disc, centrifugal unit is fitted.
In short, Ferrari has had a bear of a time finding a clutch that will make the high-revving V-12 tractable in everyday street operation.
But get a Ferrari off city streets, get it out on the highway, and all this becomes academic. At high cruising speeds, that 12-cylinder engine comes into its own. It delivers a smooth, turbine-like flow of power quite unlike any other car in the world.
Still, it must be judged in terms of performance , not here, again, we find the Ferrari reputation overinflated.
This is the 250-GT Berlinetta—one of the most glamorous Ferraris ever. But has it been overrated in terms of performance and construction?
Take the production, steel-bodied 250-GT which was introduced a few years a the one that still spells "Ferrari' for most fans.
In "two-plus-two" form, it was capable of blasting from zero to 60 mph in 8sec. flat and from zero to 1110 in 22.8sec.
Let's compare that with another vintage, not a super stock built for drag racing but a tractable, everyday sports car, the Shelby-American Cobra.
In its original 260 Cu. in. form this little Ford-powered two-seater could run from a dead stop to 60 mph in only 4.2sec. and to 100 mph in 10.8! And that, mind you, was the mildest Cobra ever built!
Sure, there are some inequities. The Ferrari 250-CIT displaced only three litres while the early Cobra had 4.2, and the "two-plus-two" weighed l000lb. more than the Shelby product.
But Ferrari boasts of absolute performance, without taking such factors into account. And the car must be evaluated on that basis, not excused because its engine is too little or its bodywork too heavy.
Besides, the inequities also work the other way. The "two-plus-two" cost $U.S.1l,000 and the Cobra $U.S.6000, hardly half as much. It doesn't take any calculating at all to see which was the better buy for the out-and-out performance enthusiast.
If we move up to the big-inch Ferrari, the 4.9-litre, we still won't find quite the explosive performance we've been led to expect. The 4.9 has a zero-to-60 time of 6.6sec. and a zero-to-100 of 14.5, brisk figures indeed. But an equipped Pontiac GTO can hit 60 mph in 4.6sec. and 100 in 11.8!
This time we'll hear no complaints about relative engine sizes and vehicle weights. While the GTO has a 1.6 litre advantage over the output is actually less.
The big Ferrari delivers 360 bhp and the Pontiac 348 bhp. And weight figures are identical. Both the 4.9 and the GTO tip the scales at 3850lb.
So the big Ferrari has a better power-to-weight ratio than the little Pontiac—yet it takes longer to reach 60 mph!
As for price, Ferrari wants $U.S.23,000 for a new 4.9 while Pontiac will let you have a well equipped GTO for roughly $U.S.4000. No comment is needed on that difference!
DOUBLE-DISC clutch (left) used in some Ferraris, required frequent painstaking adjustments. RIGHT: Cam timing changes as you driver because of long chain's stretch and single tensioner. Loose chain means trouble.
Beyond its discomforts and its indifferent performance, the Ferrari has certain inherent design weaknesses that still haven't been overcome after nearly two decades of manufacture.
The clutch is one, as we've seen. The differential is another.
The older Ferrari differential used a split-ring radial thrust bearing to locate the pinion shaft. The assembly was shimmed in such a way that a mechanic — even a highly skilled one — could easily fail to align the gears in a proper mesh.
The factory finally recognised this problem but, on newer models, has come up with an absolutely incomprehensible solution. There are now three bearings on the shaft.
Anybody with any appreciation of engineering principles can only view this device with bewilderment. When three bearings are placed on a single shaft, only two of them are going to accomplish anything. The third will merely be along for the ride.
The result is a differential that works in some cases but not in others, depending on which two of the three bearings seat in properly.
Difficulties of this sort would be more tolerable if there were competent Ferrari mechanics who knew how to take care of the car. Unfortunately, there aren't.
Men who really understand the idiosyncrasies of the marque are next to impossible to find this side of Italy or, at best, Switzerland. And those aren't exactly convenient places to drop off the car for servicing on the way to work.
The Ferrari owner who does find a mechanic he can trust still faces an impossible parts situation. Even the most fundamental components will take weeks for delivery from the factory.
And the simplest screw will pass through a long chain of hands that have to be greased with silver; by the time the item reaches the customer, its price will have been inflated completely beyond reason.
Cost of repairs
The biggest service and repair headache of all is that highly touted V- 12 engine. It is a brilliantly smooth powerplant when in first-class shape.
But keeping it that way involves far more than an occasional tune-up. It calls for a great deal of trouble— and expense.
A mechanic who knows anything about Ferrari engines will charge at least $U.S.750 to go through it.
That's not counting the cost of removing the unit from the car. Nor does it include the price of any re placement parts. It's merely the starting figure f the mechanic's labor.
At that, he won't make an easy t buck. The Ferrari powerplant is something to work on. As one ex ample, he'll have to time and synchronise the separate camshafts on both cylinder banks.
The/long timing chain that operates both cams tends to stretch and to bow quite rapidly. It has only one adjustment, an idler sprocket on the right side.
As slack in the chain is taken up, the relationship between the cams is altered and overall valve timing thrown out of whack. It takes a lot of jiggling to get both cams just right.
But the biggest problem is the block. Because of its 12-cylinder configuration, it's quite long in relation to its height. As a result, it's unusually flexible.
Extreme care is necessary to maintain the alignment of the main bearing bores. The nuts on the caps must be torqued with absolute accuracy to avoid even the slightest distortion. In fact, it's even possible to upset the alignment of the bores by torquing the head bolts too strongly.
Even the legendary V-12 engine, then, has some extremely serious shortcomings. Add these difficulties to the car's many other deficiencies and it's hard to grant the Ferrari any saving graces at all.
Faint praise
How is it possible that such a car commands such universal respect? How did such a poorly designed and badly built machine get a reputation for outstanding quality?
We can only blame the writers and road testers for the enthusiasts' publications who, apparently dazzled by the success of Ferrari's racing vehicles, are blind to the shabbiness of the passenger cars.
They do recognise many of the car's individual faults, but they fail to add them up and find the overall sum, the utter and complete mediocrity of the car.
They praise with faint damning. They see every flaw as an exception, yet don't seem to comprehend that in a Ferrari these exceptions are the rule.
However, if one casts a careful eye on the reports these men prepare, the truth begins to emerge. Amidst the generalities of praise one will find the specifics of condemnation. And, collectively, these bits of criticism form a most unflattering portrait of the Ferrari — unflattering but all too true.
One recent road test of a Ferrari in a major automotive magazine is typical. Poking through an awkward package' of praise are such barbs as these:
"Things like steering effort and pedal pressure have traditionally been high, sometimes requiring great strength and always demanding good co-ordination, but these are similar to the driver demands made by light delivery trucks."
Consider these com in the same report about the rear-mounted transmission of the latest Ferrari:
"(The gearing) is still all indirect, which means that, even in top gear, a pair of cogs are working. which accounts for the fact that it is uniformly noisy no matter what gear it's in.
'The gears are damned noisy and a long trip with the top up might find their racket intrusive and tire some."
The test goes on "to offer these remarks about driver comfort:
"But the driver's foot well is all filled with pedals and things, so that he must sit with his knees splayed apart in a fairly uncomfortable position . . . The window cranks are located way down in the lower front corners of the doors.
"For the passenger, this only means an inconvenient bend forward, but for the driver it means feeding his hand through the narrow space between the arm rest and the steering wheel rim—a space already filled with his knee, which can't be moved.
"For safety's sake, about the only way the driver's window should be raised or lowered is to stop the car and open the door."
And, as a final quote from that particular essay, here's a dazzling attempt to avoid the real issue:
"Heavy traffic can still start the water-temperature needle moving up past the 200 mark in warm weather, but it's a lot better than its predecessors." In other words, the thing overheats!
Flipping to an older issue of an other enthusiasts' magazine, we find these notes buried in an otherwise glowing account of the "two-plus- two":
"The major (faults) are clutch slippage and overdrive problems... Every Ferrari we've tested (and every Maserati,. too) has had an extremely inaccurate speedometer; some running to 15 percent off and always on the high side."
This same publication also had some trenchant observations about the incredibly expensive 4.9.
"During the acceleration tests we experienced considerable clutch slip page, but little wheelspin . . .. Because of the torque and power avail able, and car's weight, it is absolutely necessary that the gears be completely engaged and the clutch fully out before much throttle is applied to prevent damage to the drive train.
"The car is a paradox in that it is a handful to drive but should not be manhandled . . . The steering is heavy by Ferrari standards . . . The weight balance and chassis design of the 4.9 produce a definite understeer."
Other comments
Here are some random remarks from various publications that have made a career of acting as Enzo Ferrari's publicists:
• "The combination of thrashing machine sounds up front and droning exhaust out back . .."
• "But one tends to be a bit surprised by the sort of deliberate ponderous nature of its going. It is not by any stretch of the imagination light or quick."
• "The chassis is not particularly exciting. It's big, strong, and unimaginative in the Ferrari tradition."
• "Switches are unmarked or, worse, marked with symbols so obscure as to take your mind off driving while trying to decipher them."
• "Legroom is insufficient."
• "The car cannot conceivably be driven Moss-style with arms out stretched, unless one has very little bitty arms indeed."
• "The ride is best described as harsh and choppy."
• "We found that, without conscious effort, we maintained better averages over the same back roads in a Mercedes-Benz 220-SE coupe."
And on and on and on.
Here the Ferrari stands exposed and indicted in the words of the men most responsible for furthering the legend of the car's greatness. But we doubt if they'll own up to reality because they appear to be totally un aware of it. They continue to sing the praises of the prancing horse even while they cast an occasional furtive glance at its feet of clay.
And the black stallion will continue to dance on the yellow shield. But a few will realise that the melody to which it dances is cheap and tawdry, only an echo of what it pretends to be.
MODERN MOTOR — July 1966


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Detective Sergeant Mickey Dolan isn't having the best year. Between the end of his marriage and a number of complains about use of excessive force, he seems to barely be holding on. He then gets assigned to investigate the disappearance of a councilman's wife and daughter. Any mistakes could end up costing him his career. During the course of the investigation, Dolan meets Eve Pressman, and her daughter Grace. Grace has the miraculous ability to revive people who are comas, though she works hard to avoid being thrust into the public eye. Eve and Grace may not only know where the missing women are, but the dark secret behind their disappearance.
G.M. Ford wrote a fairly fast paced procedural with plenty of twists and turns and just the barest hint of the supernatural. For the majority of the story, I had absolutely no idea how it was going to end.
That's the good news.
The bad news is that by the halfway point of the novel, I didn't really care how it ended. Ford does a fine job characterizing Dolan, but the rest of the characters felt lacking to me, especially Grace and Eve. Part of this is because I found the supernatural element through Grace's powers to be a weird distraction and it didn't add anything helpful or interesting. The description of how the powers worked was not satisfying and aside from a little bit at the beginning didn't play much of a practical role in the story. Sure, they were referenced now and then, but I found it more distracting than interesting.
Ford also has a bizarre way with descriptions. For example, "If, as tradition dictates, the dead deserve to be show great respect, then somebody should have made sure the weatherman got the memo because it was raining buckets as they slid [the] body down into the sodden ground. Another thirty minutes and it would have qualified as a burial at sea." (Pages 123/124). It felt to me as an attempt to be artsy, but completely distracted from the events at hand due to the hyperbole. Later in the novel there is a random description of a terrible driver barreling past Dolan that has absolutely no impact on the plot or characters. It was a section that could've been completely excised from the story with no negative impact at all!
Aside from the quick pace and the fine characterization of Dolan, the one other part I appreciated was the ending. And no, it wasn't just because it ended. I was genuinely surprised with how some of the events turned out. While I did not agree with a lot of the choices made in this novel the ending did buoy me feelings just a little bit.
All that said, I've never read any of G.M. Ford's other novels before. Perhaps this style is the norm in his writing. If that is the case, I am sure his fans will enjoy this book, and I hope they do. However, this story just didn't do it for me. If you choose to pick this one up, I certainly hope you enjoy it more than I did.
2/5 Stars
I received this book free from TLC Book Tours. I was not required to write a positive review. The opinions I have expressed are my own. I am disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission's 16 CFR, Part 255


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www.uischoolsupply.com sells Clocks by Teacher Created Resources. (TCR20640)
Demonstrate and practice time-telling concepts with your class. 5 pieces per pack. Minute and hour hands spin independently. Write-on with a permanent marker and wipe-off with rubbing alcohol. Time-telling activity suggestions are included. Measures approx. 4.5″ x 4.5″.
Video Rating: / 5


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This was on TBS the other day and I watched it for the first time in years. I forgot how much I use to like that present.
Tim 'The Tool Man' Taylor was the star of the present and was performed by Allen. Although his days on the present are over, the actor nonetheless plays a dad on his current present, 'Last Man Standing.' Instead of raising sons, he's elevating three daughters. Then: The a part of youngest brother Mark Taylor on 'Home Improvement' was Taran Noah Brown's large break. He was seven-years-previous when he received the part.
A new coat of paint can change the look of your house dramatically. Don't limit your self to boring cream, present your character with putting colors in different rooms of your home, or select tints fastidiously to go well with using every room. Brad desires to spend Christmas weekend on a skiing trip with a pal's family. Doc Johnson, Tim's chief competitor within the neighborhood's annual lighting contest, appears to be one step forward of the Taylors with each new addition to his rooftop display.
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Yes, it is boring and a few of the exercises appear silly, however it's critical to your restoration. I was shocked by how much my leg muscle groups atrophied in just three months. I was diligent about doing my energy constructing workouts, but much less so with the stretching ones. After five years the muscles are still noticeably tighter in my decrease right leg. Do your therapy as instructed!


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If you are a person who makes chapathis/rotis every day in daily meals then definitely you need different curries and gravies as a side dish..Because as a chapathi lover I know how boring it will be if you serve same old side dishes often..
So, I prefer to cook every time different dishes ,mostly curries with vegetables or paneer.I actually likes soya chunks which are also a good side dish for chapathis. So,by adding some cabbage tried this simple curry in the pressure cooker which saves time..It is easy to prepare also tastes good and of course healthy too.Check out the full recipe below..
CATEGORY- Curries | SIde dish for Chapathi |
Soya chunks-1 cup
Oil-2 table spoons
Onion- 1 small
Ginger garlic paste-1 tea spoon
Cabbage-1 small
Red chili powder 1 - 2 tea spoons
salt-to taste
turmeric powder -1/2 tea spoon
Garam masala-1/2 tea spoon
Coriander powder-1/2 tea spoon
Cumin powder-1/2 tea spoon
Fresh Coriander leaves-few
Tadka ingredients
mustard seeds-1/2 tea spoon
cumin seeds-1/2 tea spoon
chanadal-1 tea spoon
urad dal-1 tea spoon
few curry leaves
1 dry red chili
In a vessel boil water,add soya chunks,cook til soft and drain in a colander..Heat pressure cooker add oil,then add tadka ingredients..Now add finely chopped onions,ginger garlic paste and saute for a minute..now add chopped cabbage, stir gently..After a minute add red chili powder,salt,turmeric powder and mix well.Cook this for 2 minutes and add boiled soya chunks.. Stir gently and add 1/2 cup of water.. Close with lid and pressure cook for 10-12 minutes in medium-low flame.turn off and finally add garam masala,coriander powder,cumin powder and coriander leaves..Stir gently and serve hot with chapathis.
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June 24, 2017
Cabbage Soya chunks Curry | Soya nuggets Cabbage Masala Subji | Vegetarian side dishes for Chapathi
Labels: cabbage, curries for chapathi, MEAL MAKER RECIPES, side dish for chapathi, side dish for roti, side dishes for chapathi, SOYA CHUNKS RECIPES, soya nuggets, subji recipes for roti, subzi recipes for chapathi
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Image Gallery
Wireless controls are as customizable as our other products. Here are some examples of other wireless controls that we have done.


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Assignment 5
For this assignment I intend to develop paintings based on some previous work and some new. Having visited the Jerusalem Biennale exhibition recently where the theme of watershed – an important turning point or moment of change, and concepts of memory and identity were dominant, I decided to base my explorations, loosely, around these ideas as a starting point for work. I am also drawing on ideas from previous work and using the figure or figures as a central motif.
I have started out, again, with various explorations, some from the previous assignment, some from colour sketches and some drawn from other artists work. I wondered if this was legitimate but many artists do borrow or steal from traditional works and from each other. The aim was not to copy but to use as a point of departure. I intend to work on a few of these as more completed images. I was considering size and how the work would be hung and decided to work small ( mainly 23 cm. square) as I knew I could produce more work within the time frame and have more choice between those which seemed to be progressing OK and those which weren't.
From the images above and a few other sources I have sought to develop a few of these as more finalized paintings, though some are still unresolved.
Images 20 and 21 below, were originally derived from a photo I took at a busy train station. My thoughts were about people being in transit, they are not from where they came from and haven't arrived at any destination yet. I like these as they are still open and loose but I haven't pushed them further as I got sidetracked by other work.
Image 25 below and preceding support images were based on a painting by
Nicolas de Staël ( see image 16 ). I was taken by this image though not knowing much about it's origins. I wanted to work quickly and not wait for paint to dry so worked in chalk pastels which I like for the bold bright colours. I reworked this a few times and was increasingly becoming frustrated as the image had become too laboured. I thought Image 24 would be the final version but it was disappointing so took back into photoshop and played again with the composition, so this is my final version which I want to work up again in pastel or paint. Working with pastels on this small scale I found difficult, working on a larger scale may have produced more interesting results working with more bold, gestural marks.
This next piece, below, developed from seeing image 26 by Jennifer Pochinski. I referenced her web site in Assignment 4. She is not a favourite artist of mine but an interesting colourist and though painting in a seemingly crude or simplistic way, she seems to catch something of the character of her figures. I have also mentioned Cecily Brown before, her style also was an influence in the final work. With images 27-29 I was looking to simplify from the original but didn't feel it was going anywhere. With image 30 I took a print of an earlier version covered it with a semi translucent turps based ground and started to redraw and colour. This is more interesting and moving away from the original. I have left this for now as was taking a long time to dry. The final version shows Brown's influence, moving somewhere between realism and abstraction. Not sure it's successful or not but this is where I stopped.
Within the space of one week I came across two articles referencing Munch's The Scream, that iconic image of the scream of nature, symbol of modern anxiety and discontentment with the modern world. It reminded me of a rough colour sketch I did in the last assignment ( image 14 ). I thought I'd try another version. It wasn't intended to be another copy of Munch's painting and the finished work doesn't quite capture the disquiet of the little sketch. Not sure whether to do another version or not.
The final image on the right, above was derived from the photo, image 34, a not uncommon feature of life here, of young people at a funeral for other young people caught up in a terrorist attack. I wanted the figures in the image to be somewhat ambiguous, not specifically Middle Eastern, in a kind of a physical and mental no mans land as a result of a 'watershed' experience. This image is a digital print, I'd like to work on this as a painting, but interestingly I heard an artist, recently, speaking about the old masters, that, if they were alive today would no doubt be using new media and social media as part of their range of tools and techniques, so I think this is valid to present this as a final piece of work.
The image 38, above, was based on World War 1 photos I found on youtube while working on Assignment 2. The images, of poor quality, some scratched or faded, were of figures walking through fields, it wasn't clear if they were soldiers or civilians. After painting a tinted ground and making a few gestural marks suggestive of figures, I stopped, concerned I would overwork the image and lose the atmosphere.
The final figure image above, was derived from some sketch work from the last assignment and an image by artist Ken Kewley, ( images 6 and 18 ). I'd like to produce a few variations of this. It's not fully resolved but that's it for now.
I have mounted the final work and hung it in my studio in the way I would like to see it hung in a public space. I tried a few variations but a single line works best. I will post the images on the OCA Facebook pages and hope for some valuable critique.
I am happy with some of the outcomes of the final work and can see areas for future development and exploration. Seeing the work on display I don't think it works as a cohesive body. Although there is a loose thematic thread, stylistically it looks as if the work could have been produced by several different artists. Each of the images could be explored further and more of the same could result in a more unified display.
Working from photos is OK and I'd like to work more with collage but probably my work has more vitality starting from an observed source and exploiting the drawing first as a good foundation for moving on. I chose to work on a small scale but found it frustrating. I was hoping to work on 2 or 3 larger images for this display but the deadline defeated me. It's interesting that some of the work I discarded I felt I could develop in a different direction.
This short essay seeks to reflect on the development of my work practice throughout this course in relationship to the textural or contextual research that informs it.
Starting out with historical research of the Pre-Modern period, this was enlightening and exhausting as I tried to cover too much ground and so impossible to feed all this into practical work. What was helpful was looking at a particular work in some depth, in this case, Giotto's Lamentation fresco, considering the theme, style, composition, technique etc and applying this knowledge to some paint explorations. My chief method of research has been the web, looking at artist, college, museum and gallery sites, also art books and my local Museum.
The experimental work was fun to do but I didn't progress in any depth. While still at school I remember drawing or painting copies of Van Gogh's work and then feeling uneasy about this because it wasn't my original work. I have since learnt that copying master works or reinterpreting them is a very good way for developing one's own skill and technique and in learning more about the content and techniques of the original.
With my research into Modernism, rather than sweep through the whole movement I concentrated on a few artists and areas of interest. My own interest at the time was exploring the more expressive and bold use of colour in my work so I spent more time looking at the Fauvist movement and Matisse's work. I came across a few artists of interest at an exhibition of Modernist art in Tel Aviv. One being David Park, a key figure in the Bay Area Figurative School, San Francisco. His sense of composition, expressive figurative style and handling of colour has been of some influence.
As a response to what I had been looking at I chose a painting, by Degas, 'A Cotton Office in New Orleans', the aim being to explore the composition and colour in a more expressive way and see if I could utilise what I could learn from this in future work, (see projects 3/4, Assignment 1 in the blog).
With the study of Postmodernism I honed in more by focusing on just two artists of interest, Robert Rauchenburg and Anselm Kiefer. Rather than discuss in general a whole mind set I chose two images and looked at some of the ideas and way the works were made as being loosely Postmodern in approach. While the practical work was informed by these ideas I decided to work from a particular theme of interest and exploration, war imagery and landscape. Although aware of a few other artists who had worked with this topic, I didn't want to be influenced, stylistically by anyone, just see where the research and experiments led.
I took photos of images from YouTube videos, some of these videos were backdrops to songs or war poetry. My interest was also fuelled by films such as War Horse adapted from the novel by Michael Morpurgo. I manipulated some of these images, combining, layering etc. looking for ideas of interest for development. This was my main source of research. I continued with more work in my sketch book, quick sketches from the photo images, exploring ideas with different media.
Taking some of these sketches back into photoshop some quite interesting things were emerging from this experiment. I also continued sketching with charcoal on a larger scale trying to create images of atmospheric landscapes, some which reminded me of William Kentridge's charcoal drawings. I started to work in colour, also experimenting with text and image and in the sketch book with collage. The final work was somewhat unresolved but there is much here that I wish to revisit.
I started with some historical research looking at the way artists have traditionally, worked in collaboration with others and continued to explore the ways in which artists have been involved in public art projects particularly, in hospitals and offices, also other contexts such as at train stations, factories, in parks, even disposable art painted on trees, the work dissolving in time through weather conditions. I finally made reference to the various artworks I photographed in public spaces in my own town.
Reflecting on my research, I decided to make a public artwork for a local shopping and commercial office mall which desperately needed a visual make over after years of neglect. I continued to make further investigation re: the history of the area and the building and taking visual notes in the sketch book.
My original idea was to produce a mural with an urban theme. I was looking at the work of Jacob Lawrence and Stuart Davis for inspiration. I changed track, thinking about making large colourful banners to be hung, suspended from the ceiling in the open cavernous concourse visible from every floor. I wasn't convinced this would be the best solution and finally ended up with the idea of a large bird shaped mobile installation, as apposed to the original urban theme. The construction would be of brightly coloured shapes of aluminium suspended by steel rods. This wasn't a live project so the end result was a mock up of the work made with card, photographed, and via photoshop, placed in situ. I had done some interesting earlier work while researching which I hadn't pursued but became the seed in exploring urban landscape in the next assignment.
For this next assignment I began looking at a range of work that interested me and connected, thematically, to urban landscape and the figure, the area I wanted to concentrate on. I spent some time with my sketch book as a result of sketching and taking photos in various locations in London which led to some interesting experimental work considering mood and atmosphere working with figures taken from their original context, also thinking more about narrative ideas. After visiting an exhibition at Ben Uri art gallery – the gallery has a mission statement addressing universal issues of identity and migration through the visual arts – it set my mind thinking more about narrative led work for the last assignment.
I have revisited some previous work, have borrowed from other artists work and worked through a theme in mind for this last body of work in Assignment 5. At the Jerusalem Biennale of Contemporary Jewish Art I visited recently there was an exhibit in one room titled Dreamland Never Found, which caught my attention. The artists involved were from the former Soviet Union who had experienced migration at an early age. The exhibition was addressing concepts of memory, identity, torn connections etc. It was something of these thoughts I tried to convey in my final images, working with acrylics, oils, digital image and pastels. As part of the brief I have been sharing my work on-line with some encouraging responses and created a mini exhibition, in my home studio. Only one visitor so far!
Having completed an art foundation course many years ago, when the main influences at the time were Pop and Abstract Expressionism I came to a seeming dead end. Years later in Israel I attended some classes at a school which was based on traditional academic ways of teaching through observation. Narrative based work wasn't encouraged. I find the middle ground a more satisfying place to work from. I empathise more with the approach of an artist like Mashiul Chowhurry (see Assignment 4 on the blog), who often works from the figure and his observed environment, not being a slave to the subject but using it as a point of departure creating something out of his own vision.
To reference a lecture I heard recently on YouTube by Jordan Wolfson, he spoke about the two main approaches to art making, one, the experimental, the artist who is uncertain of the road, who explores along the way through his chosen media and second, the conceptual approach to making, how the artist arrives at ideas, the creative process mainly going on in the mind. I tend to fit in more happily with the first approach.


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Read-in: /'reed – in/ (n.) a form of direct action that involves one or more persons nonviolently occupying an area for reading, often to promote social change.
On Friday, October 19, teens from Wake Forest, Wendell, East Regional and Eva Perry libraries gathered at Triangle Town Center for a read-in. Teens read, shared books with their friends as they sipped on donated Starbucks coffee. (Thanks, Starbucks!) Some of the teens had even made tee shirts to promote the event, and wore them to the mall for the read-in!
The read-in was just one of dozens of teen reading events held across Wake County during Teen Read Week. Thanks to all the teens who participated and had fun!
Click here for more photos of the Teen Read-In!


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Chromecast Update Allows You to Use Your TV Remote to Control Certain Programs
In recent years, a number of companies have begun moving away from traditional television remote controls, allowing users to control their equipment with their smartphones and mobile devices instead. While some people have likely found this to be convenient, many others have found it to be inconvenient; after all, when these devices are used for so many different things, can you really blame a family member when they wander away with the tablet in the middle of a show, leaving you unable to change the channel? Now, one company seems to have adapted their system, allowing customers to use normal TV remote controls.
Since its introduction, one of the biggest issues with Google's Chromecast is that it could only be controlled with a phone, tablet or laptop. However, the latest firmware update for the s
The Early Days of the TV Remote
In what is easily the most offensive part of television's history, the very first television remote control was called "Lazy Bones." Because if you didn't already hate yourself for watching five hours of the evening news alone with a TV dinner and your cat, the cherry on top is that your own TV remote controls are judging you.
Nevertheless, people seemed to be okay with the name (for while, at least) and the home invasion of TV remote controls had begun. Previously, remote control technology had only been used for official military purposes in World Wars I and II — so it was a pretty big deal when Zenith Electronics Corporation made this technology available for average people to use in 1950.
The downside to the Lazy Bones was that it a cable connection was required — not the cable


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OrlandoSunTrust Center
200 S. Orange Avenue
Suite 2100
Orlando, FL 32801
Professional Experience
Betsy Bullard has more than 21 years of experience in the real estate industry. She is currently serving as Director of Asset Services for the Orlando market, overseeing a portfolio of office, retail and industrial properties with a total square footage of 10 million square feet. Ms. Bullard's responsibilities include supervision of 5 real estate managers; the oversight of properties, including operations and budget staffing to guarantee owners' objectives are met; interaction with clients; compliance with the CBRE Global Standards and ensuring that the business units' financial performance objectives are exceeded.
Ms. Bullard relocated from Atlanta with CBRE in 2014, where she was a Director overseeing a portfolio in Atlanta, Birmingham, AL and Nashville, TN.
Prior to Ms. Bullard's Atlanta role, she served as the Asset Services Director of Operations for the Southern Region. Her responsibilities included oversight of the transition of new management assignments, administration of the Environments for Excellence Program, new employee orientation and training, implementation of new business technologies and ensuring the CBRE Global Standards were adhered to for all Asset Services clients.
Ms. Bullard joined CBRE as a result of the merger with Trammell Crow Company (TCC) in 2006. During her tenure with TCC, Ms. Bullard served as Senior Real Estate Manager, managing an office and industrial portfolio totaling 3.8 million SF. While in that capacity, she was also responsible for lease renewals, financial management, tenant relations, property value enhancement and staff supervision.
CBRE recognized Ms. Bullard as Real Estate Manager of the Year in 2007 and Team Leader of the Year in 2010. She was the Georgia president of the Institute of Real Estate Management (IREM) in 2008 and continues to be active on a local and national level in the organization.
Professional Affiliations/Accreditations
- Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA)
- Real Property Administrator (RPA) designation
- Institute of Real Estate Management (IREM) - Atlanta, Member
- Certified Property Manager (CPM) designation
- Regional Vice President 2011-2013, President of the Georgia Chapter 2008 and Board Member 2004-2010
- Licensed Real Estate Salesperson, Georgia
- B.S., Brenau College


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MGM delivered a $675 million blueprint to build an integrated casino resort in Bridgeport. The idea received over some lawmakers within the state capital, and legislation turned into authored to revoke the East Windsor license.
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Action on Hearing Loss in partnership with the Northern Trust monthly Ballycastle
support sessions will take place on Tuesday, October 10 and Tuesday, November 14 from 10am-12 noon at Ballycastle Health Centre.
This monthly hearing aid maintenance community support session is a free drop-in
service, where no appointments are required.
Trained volunteers, who wear hearing aids themselves, will be on hand to give free, practical advice on cleaning and maintaining hearing aids. They can help to solve any problems you may be having with your hearing aid, offer basic hearing checks and provide advice on how to manage your hearing loss and tinnitus with confidence.
This support service is also available to the hearing loss community, who are
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Action on Hearing Loss is currently seeking volunteers in the Ballycastle and
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CRashworthiness for Aerospace Structures
and Hybrids (CRASH) Lab,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA 24061
Fellow ASME
CRashworthiness for Aerospace Structures
and Hybrids (CRASH) Lab,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA 24061
e-mail: email@example.com
1Corresponding author.
Contributed by the Fluids Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING. Manuscript received September 22, 2016; final manuscript received March 9, 2017; published online August 11, 2017. Assoc. Editor: Praveen Ramaprabhu.
Despite recent interests in complex fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems, little work has been conducted to establish baseline multidisciplinary FSI modeling capabilities for research and commercial activities across computational platforms. The current work investigates the fluid modules of contemporary FSI methodologies by solving a purely fluid problem at low Reynolds numbers to improve understanding of the fluid dynamic capabilities of each solver. By incorporating both monolithic and partitioned solvers, a holistic comparison of computational accuracy and time-expense is presented between lattice-Boltzmann methods (LBM), coupled Lagrangian–Eulerian (CLE), and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). These explicit methodologies are assessed using the classical square lid-driven cavity for low Reynolds numbers (100–3200) and are validated against an implicit Navier–Stokes solution in addition to established literature. From an investigation of numerical error associated with grid resolution, the Navier–Stokes solution, LBM, and CLE were all relatively mesh independent. However, SPH displayed a significant dependence on grid resolution and required the greatest computational expense. Throughout the range of Reynolds numbers investigated, both LBM and CLE closely matched the Navier–Stokes solution and literature, with the average velocity profile error along the generated cavity centerlines at 1% and 4%, respectively, at Re = 3200. SPH did not provide accurate results whereby the average error for the centerline velocity profiles was 31% for Re = 3200, and the methodology was unable to represent vorticity in the cavity corners. Results indicate that while both LBM and CLE show promise for modeling complex fluid flows, commercial implementations of SPH demand further development.
Graphical representation of the D2Q9 lattice velocities
Illustration of a 2D lid-driven cavity with a single driven wall and three fixed boundaries
Schematic of boundary conditions for SPH formulation
Representation of particle influence on surrounding neighbors in SPH
Example of CLE advection from the Lagrangian step onto the ambient Eulerian mesh
(Left) U- and (right) V-profiles for Re = 1000 comparing each computational methodology: (a) fluent, (b) LBM, (c) CLE, and (d) SPH
U-centerline profiles using 512 × 512 cells for: (a) LBM, (b), CLE, and (c) SPH. Error bars are based on the uncertainty between the 256/512 grid resolution.
Velocity magnitude contour plots with streamlines at Re = 3200 for (a) fluent, (b) LBM, (c) CLE, and (d) SPH
Velocity magnitude contour plots with streamlines at Re = 1000 for (a) fluent, (b) LBM, (c) CLE, and (d) SPH
(Left) U- and (right) V-profiles for Re = 3200 comparing each computational methodology with the existing literature benchmark [14,15]
Computational time for all time explicit methodologies at Re = 1000
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