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5 Tips For Training a Formosan Mountain Dog Successfully
Training Formosan Mountain Dogs is not a hard task. You just need to have a little patience, dedication coupled with these 5 simple skills and you'll break them in successfully.
Here are 5 Super Tips on how to train your Formosan Mountain Dog successfully:
1. In order to avoid your Formosan Mountain Dog from getting confused and in order that they will be able to learn to understand instructions readily only a single individual should be responsible for training the Formosan Mountain Dog starting out. In instances where too many individuals try to train a Formosan Mountain Dog at once it can stop the process in its tracks.
Formosan Mountain Dog Necklaces And Accessories
Are you contemplating obtaining a necklace for your formosan mountain dog? Continue reading and you'll read about some of the wellness benefits of formosan mountain dog necklaces and also the upgrade in style you give your formosan mountain dog.
Alternative Veterinary Medicine is considered the practice that considers and analyzes myriad topics that influence thewellness and health of formosan mountain dogs.
Should You Get Your Child The Formosan Mountain Dog Puppy?
Eventually, every parent is likely to be asked: "Please, may I have that Formosan Mountain Dog puppy?"
Rather than dodge the question, parents are advised to consider whether or not the family is ready for a new dog, especially a Formosan Mountain Dog, according to Sharon Bergen, senior vice president of education and training for Knowledge Learning Corporation, this nation's foremost provider of early childhood education and care.
While considering "should you get the Formosan Mountain Dog" Bergen recommends that parents evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of bringing the Formosan Mountain Dog to the household before acquiescing to a child's wish. "The Formosan Mountain Dog can teach children about responsibility and be a great addition to the household-or it can be a hassle," she says. Bergen suggests parents think about the following before deciding:
How To Care For The Formosan Mountain Dog
Owning dogs, especially providing care for the formosan mountain dog, is a specialty of humans. Zoologists speculate dogs were originally domesticated between 12,000 and 25,000 years ago—and that canines evolved from the wolf. Since then, human beings have selectively bred more than 400 different breeds, varying in size from four-pound teacup poodles all the way up to Irish wolfhounds, whose 3-foot stature has earned them the title of the tallest pooch. But the most preferred canines are the non-pedigree dogs—the one-of-a-kind dogs known as mutts. The formosan mountain dog is also a favorite pick with dog owners. Some owners are misinformed, however, of many crucial formosan mountain dog care tips.


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During the Chile Workshop, Larry Hightower talked with several of the participants about the first workshop in India in 1997, which actually pre-dated the CSSI, and which was one of the sources of the grassroots movement that led to the founding of our society. Wolfgang Schumann promised to send a first-hand account of the beginning of the concept of regular international workshops in the cellular stress response field and you may read his account below along with some images from the workshop:
"In August 1996, I had a discussion with two scientists from India staying at my place in Bayreuth, Germany about international meetings. They complained that all major meetings are organized either in Northern America or in Europe. This makes it impossible for scientists from developing countries to attend these meetings. At the most, one or two will obtain financial support from their own countries to travel to one of these meetings. During this discussion, we came up with the idea to organize meetings in developing countries. Since these countries are unable to pay for the travel costs of the foreign scientists, it should be able to attract scientists to these meetings paying the travel costs from their own grants while the organizing country will pay for accomodation and food.
I was able to get Prof. Subhash Lakhotia interested in this idea, and he organized the first International Workshop on "Molecular Biology of Stress Responses" at his place, the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi/India from October 14 17, 1997. I was lucky to obtain six tickets from the German Ministry of Research for German scientists, and another 22 scientists from Europe, Isreal, USA and Canada attended the workshop. From India, a total of about 100 scientist came to Varanasi, some traveling for about 48 h by train from Southern India. All the meals including breakfast were provided by the organizers who has hired a catering service preparing the meals under a tent erected next to the institute. There was also a cultural part accompaning the meeting including Indian music, a boat ride on the Ganges river during full moon and a visit of Sarnath, an important site for Buddhists. At the end of the meeting we agreed because of the great success, to continue with the workshop, and Robert Tanguay promised to contact his friends in China to take care of the second workshop. This was organized by Prof. Tangchun Wu in 1999." – Wolfgang Schumann, 2006

subset: commoncrawl


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Yesterday I picked up one single peach from the grocery store and figured I'd bake it into some muffins instead of eating it raw. The little fruit went a long way. These muffins have a lot of flavor.
Here's a quick recipe that was inspired by one I found on allrecipes.com. I made a very small batch but still plan on sharing. The recipe calls for a lot of sugar, which I think can probably afford to be halved. I'll definitely make these again, maybe next time with fresh berries or dried fruit.
Whole Wheat Peach Muffins
Makes 8 Muffins
Makes 8 Muffins
- 1 1/5 c whole wheat pastry flour
- 1 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon
- 1/2 tsp baking soda
- 1/2 tsp salt
- 1/2 c canola oil
- 1/4 c soy milk
- 1 extra large egg (lightly beaten)
- 1 c organic cane sugar
- 1 peach with skin pitted and chopped
- 1/4 c chopped pecans
- 2 tbsp unbleached white flour
- Preheat oven to 400 F and place muffin liners in cups.
- In a large bowl, mix whole wheat pastry flour, cinnamon, baking soda and salt. In smaller bowl, mix canola oil, soy milk, egg and cane sugar. Stir well and then pour wet ingredients into dry ingredients. Mix just until moist. In another small bowl, toss chopped peaches and pecans with white flour and then fold into batter. Spoon mixture into muffin cups.
- Bake for 25 minutes or until a knife inserted into the center of the muffin comes out clean. Remove from oven and cool in muffin pan for at least 10 minutes before placing muffins on wire racks to cool completely.


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SEOUL – BEHIND all the glitter and glamour of the Korean Wave, or hallyu, many popular girl and boy groups here are struggling to assert their rights against powerful talent management companies.
Many of these celebrities and wannabes are bound by long-term contracts – some lasting over a decade – that also force them to put in long hours on punishing schedules. Some women are said to be forced to offer sex services to sponsors. Continue reading


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New Pro-Life offices blessed on Respect Life Sunday
Bishop Walter Edyvean addresses guests at the blessing of the Pro-Life Office's new location on grounds of St. Patrick Parish in Natick, Oct. 2. Pilot photo/Mark Labbe
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NATICK -- "Moved by Mercy" was the theme of this year's Respect Life Sunday, Oct. 2, and it's a theme that plays a prominent role in the work of the Archdiocese of Boston's newest location for the Pro-Life Office.
Located in a former house on the grounds of St. Patrick Parish in Natick, the office was blessed on Respect Life Sunday by retired Bishop Walter Edyvean.
Before the blessing, Bishop Edyvean celebrated Mass at St. Patrick Parish, and in his homily recalled a time when he worked with the Pro-Life Office.
"There, I witnessed staff and volunteers, absolutely devoid of any judgmental attitude, showing tenderness to women and babies, and at times to fathers, while exercising professional competence who sought assistance of the office," he said.
"One has to recognize also the ability, the faith, and the concern for life on the part of those who sought assistance of the office," he continued.
The bishop noted the mercy, faith, and humility that pro-life activity require, saying that the endeavors "not only require faith and humility, but they have shown faith and humility to the rest of the Catholic community."
"Faith and humility will prompt anyone who has been involved in the work to consider this Pro-Life Sunday as a celebration of thanksgiving to God for what he has allowed them to accomplish," Bishop Edyvean said.
Following the Mass, a short reception was held before Bishop Edyvean and a small crowd of people made their way to the new office.
The offices housed in the new space -- Pro-Life, Project Rachel, and Pregnancy Help -- offer women and families support during and after pregnancy, and in the case of Project Rachel, healing after abortion.
That support includes providing women with clothing, diapers and other items for their babies, as well as offering them a safe and confidential place to receive counseling.
In addition, through Project Rachel, the office offers counseling and healing services to post-abortion women and men.
"It's the goal of all of us at the Pro-Life Office that we're moved with that compassion and love of Christ to offer love, care and support to the women and children we're privileged to support," said Marianne Luthin, director of the Pro-Life Office.
The building in which the new office is located in was leased to the Pro-Life Office by St. Patrick Parish. It sits next to the church and shares a parking lot with it.
Major renovations to almost all aspects of the building had to be undertaken to make the space suitable, but thanks to a large financial donation by an anonymous donor, the donation of a painting crew by Deacon Steve Buttrick, and the work of Rose Construction and numerous volunteers, the renovations were completed within about three months.
Tim Rose of Rose Construction attended the blessing of the new office, and said his company had to do "a major facelift on the whole place," including the floors, ceilings, and windows.
Still, he said, he was "honored" to have been asked to do the renovations.
"The pro-life movement has always been dear to my heart, because it serves the women, and the babies, of course, in such a real way," he said.
Rose said that without the support of the anonymous donor "we couldn't have done everything that we did, so it really was wonderful."
The donation was given memory of Agnes Tomezy, a framed plaque hanging in the building reads.
Originally from France, Tomezy and her husband immigrated to New York in 1957, and later settled in Cambridge. She passed away in 2001. "Though unable to have children, Agnes considered motherhood one of life's greatest blessings," the plaque reads.
Also present at the blessing was Eileen Kampersal, who has been volunteering with the Pro-Life Office since March of this year.
She said she helps sort and package the countless items, such as diapers, blankets, bottles, and clothing that are donated.
"It's just wonderful how generous people are... The handmade things -- so many talented people that can knit all the booties and sweaters and hats and blankets to match, it's really nice," she said.
"Knowing that it's all going to someone in need, it's a wonderful thing," she continued.
The Pro-Life Office currently has offices in four locations: Brighton, Natick, Brockton, and at the archdiocese's Pastoral Center in Braintree.


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A musical journey through the lands of rock, pop, jazz and soul on the spaceship of time.
(A complete playlist will be added after the show is posted to the archives; please check back here in a few days.)
<-- Previous playlist | Back to Stan playlists | Next playlist -->
February 12, 2016
Listen to this show: | Add or read comments
Listener comments!
Fri. 2/12/16 3:10am
Stan's show always sounds different, but it always sounds like Stan. Right from the top.
Fri. 2/12/16 3:15am
whoa what is this? It is amazing.
Fri. 2/12/16 3:16am
the Canterbury wood-elf:
@franny A playlist will be posted by the end of the show : )
Fri. 2/12/16 3:17am
Fri. 2/12/16 4:13am
the Stan playlist elf:
set 1:
France Jobine - "s" (from "Singulum", 2016)
Pauline Oliveros - "Lion's Eye For Gamelan (1985)" (from "Lion's Eye/Lion's Tale", 2006)
The Legendary Pink Dots - "Pendulum" (from "The Gethsemane Option", 2013)
Fri. 2/12/16 4:14am
Ken From Hyde Park:
Wow, very kind of you to take care of those cats so well.
Fri. 2/12/16 4:14am
lovely show, off to Zzzz land with these sweet sounds...
Fri. 2/12/16 4:39am
Mark R.:
So nice to hear Oliver Nelson! I didn't discover this album until relatively recently--what an amazing lineup! Bill Evans, Freddie Hubbard, Eric Dolphy, Paul Chamber, Roy Haynes, wow! Talk about a supergroup!
Fri. 2/12/16 5:23am
Ken From Hyde Park:
Meghan is filling in for Sheila B. today.
Fri. 2/12/16 5:28am
the Canterbury wood-elf:
set 2:
Charles Lloyd & The Marvels - "Barche Lamsel" (from "I Long To See You", 2016)
Chris McGregor & The Castle Lager Big Band - "Switch" (from "The African Sound", 1963)
Bill Evans/Roy Haynes/Eric Dolphy/Oliver Nelson/Paul Chambers/Freddie Hubbard - "Stolen Moments" (from "The Blues And The Abstract Truth", 1961)
Thiago França - "Abdu" (from "Space Charanga: R.A.N.", 2015)
The Cloud People - "Fallen Angel" (from "Time To Land", 2015)
Stud - "The War Song" (from "Stud", 1975)
Ty Segal - "Squealer" (from "Emotional Mugger", 2015)
Night Beats - "Celebration #1" (from "Who Sold My Generation", 2016
Fri. 2/12/16 6:00am
the Stan playlist elf:
set 3:
bhaavitaaH bhuutasthaH - "Remembering In The Cosmic Manifestation, I" (from "Remembering In The Cosmic Manifestation", 2015)
Soft Machine - "Snodland" > "Penny Hitch" > "Block" > "Down The Road" > "The German Lesson" > "The French Lesson" (from "Seven", 1973)
RSS feeds for Stan's show: Playlists feed | MP3 archives feed| E-mail Stan | Other WFMU Playlists | All artists played by Stan |


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Tag Archives: Ferrari
Typhoon Phanfone
In the slow motion replays onscreen, his front left wheel lock-up created a miniature 'typhoon'. For himself. It disrupted a clean lap until then, but he was outside Nico's time through the entire mid-sector anyway. So pole may have been out of the question for Roscoe's master in the Japanese Grand Prix qualifying sessions.
Rosberg's superb lap he said, was thanks to the unbelievably-quick car Mercedes have strung up this weekend. The only piece of news that overshadowed team Mercedes' 8th front row lock-out this season was from their countryman.
Sebastian Vettel.
The quadruple & defending world drivers champion announced today that he's not planning to continue with Red Bull in 2015! It was long rumoured that he would eventually  replace Fernando Alonso at Ferrari. Who in turn is rumoured to be moving to McLaren/Honda next year. But no other details were revealed – so for the moment everyone is certain about Phanfone and its furious arrival but nothing is certain about the German and Spaniard's future team identities.
Drama in Suzuka. A storm that could affect the whole race. World Champions who are being cagey about their drives next season. And teammates, who may just replicate a 'Senna-Prost-Turn-1-incident' to influence the 2014 world championship.
You cannot afford to blink.
P1 Rosberg – Mercedes AMG 1m 32.506
P2 Hamilton – Mercedes AMG 1m 32.703
P3 Bottas –  Williams Martini Racing 1m 33.128
Red hot blur
I rehearsed this shot many times at Kimi's expense!
But after a few trial and errors I believe I finally nailed it. One to blow up. 😉


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I love this time of year. It's my favorite for numerous reasons; the holiday decorations and festivities, the chill in the air and onset of snow, the social acceptability of staying cozied up indoors...and of course, because I get to see my family. In roughly three weeks time, I'll be back Upstate with them to celebrate Christmas. Since I don't live very close to them, I always cherish the moments we spend together.
A year ago, my parents were in the midst of building their dream home in the mountains. I experienced a dozen different emotions (at least) as the idea of never spending another holiday season in my childhood home became a reality. I was definitely a little heartbroken! Fast forward to present day, and I'm actually more than a little excited to be spending Christmas in their new cabin. After all, what says holiday spirit more than a cozy log cabin on top of a snowy mountain?
2015 has been a big transition year for me. I've been able to do the things I love and have learned so much in the process. I have a good feeling about the new year, and can't wait to see what's in store. On a side note: I'll be traveling to the West coast at the end of this month! I'll be in Arizona and California (still planning out where to hit up). Any suggestions on places to explore?


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The hour has come! Hello Kitty Online has now officially opened its doors once more to all its Founders! If you are one of our tens of thousands of players who have been confirmed as Founders, you may now log-in to the game and enjoy the special Christmas quests, maps and all the new features and enhancements!
Thank you for bearing with us through our initial technical problems, but we are pleased to announce that all is well now.
We have a lot of things in store for you in this launch, so feel free to look around and explore, especially in our newest map, New York! Also, don't forget about the Christmas quest event for "Saving Christmas"!
Finally, don't miss out on some key the new features of the game and on Sanriotown. See you all in the game, and have fun!


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TRC provides reliable, cost-effective solutions that help reshape communities while achieving the objectives of your highway capital improvement plan. Our engineers consider many factors in order to effectively meet safety, service and performance standards, and strive to incorporate innovative materials, design features and traffic management strategies where practical.
Leveraging the talents of seasoned professionals across a broad spectrum of disciplines, we are accustomed to dealing with the many technical, regulatory and public relations challenges that you face. At the same time, we remain equally sensitive to your long-term cost and funding issues that are often associated with maintaining and improving your transportation systems to acceptable standards. In addition to traditional design-bid-build, TRC actively participates in such initiatives as the use of design-build and public-private partnerships that afford alternative means to getting needed projects completed quickly.
Our Highway/Roadway Studies and Design services include:


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Population of Libya
- Loading index...
In 2012 the population of Libya was 6.155 million (World Bank 2013); in 1960 it was 1.35 million. The annual rate of growth over the last ten years has been between 1 and 2 percent. The age of the population is unbalanced: 31 percent are under 14 years and 4 percent are over 65. Women make up 49.6 percent of the total population.
Libya is among the least densely inhabited countries in the world, at 3.46 persons per square kilometre (World Bank 2011), but population growth is a major problem for the government. The high unemployment (20.7 percent, according to the 2006 census; African Development Bank figures) is concentrated among youth, although the revolution of 2011 and the Gaddafi regime's consistent under-reporting of unemployment make it impossible to provide accurate figures. The problem is compounded by the low average level of education that does not answer the labour market's needs. As a result there is a great dependence on foreign labour. In 2006 Libya had the fourth highest percentage in the world of international migrants, 10.5 percent of the total population, and this figure includes only documented immigrants.
Libya's indigenous population is 92 percent of Arab origin; Imazighen (singular Amazigh) – also known as Berbers and including also small communities of Toubou and Tuareg – account for 5 percent.
The majority of Libyans adhere to the Sunni Maliki school of law, which is dominant in North Africa and Sudan; among the Imazighen there are an unknown number of Ibadis. Also present are smaller Christian communities of religions, including Roman Catholic, Coptic Orthodox, and Anglican, which are found almost entirely among the migrant communities. There was once a substantial Jewish population (38,000 in 1948), but many left for Israel after the foundation of that state, more at Libyan independence, and still more (5,000 Jews) after the 1967 War.[/two_third]
Areas of Habitation
Other cities are: • Benghazi, 650,000 inhabitants.
• Misrata, 300,000 (the third largest city, with an important port and industrial facilities).
• Sabha, 75,000 (the largest city in the Libyan Sahara and an important hub for transportation throughout the Sahara).
Libya has several medium-sized cities, with populations between 150,000 and 250,000 (e.g., Gharyan, Ajdabiya, Khoms, Tarhuna, and Tobruk). Despite the increase in population from 1.3 million in the 1960s to 6.4 million today, the distribution of inhabitants has remained basically the same: 90 percent live on 10 percent of the land – 65 percent in Tripolitania, 30 percent in Barqa (Cyrenaica), and 5 percent in Fezzan.
The annual rural population growth rate is 0.8 percent, and the urban rate is 2.1 percent.
Ethnic Groups
Imazighen (Berbers)
5 percent of the total population is Imazighen, also known as Berbers, a name that comes from the Latin barbari, used by the Romans for all people outside the Greco-Latin sphere. Because Imazighen tribes long resisted Roman domination on the coast, the name was applied especially to them. It was later used by Muslim writers, most famously Ibn Khaldun, one of whose main works is entitled Kitab al-ibar (Book of Lessons). The term was adopted by Europeans, who often referred to North Africa as 'Barbary' until the beginning of the 20th century. The Berber term amazigh (plural imazighen) means 'free people'.
As Libyan place names show, the Imazighen/Berbers were once dominant in the region, but today the largest communities are to be found in the Jebel Nafusa region, the Jifara plain, and Zuwara.
Traditional Amazigh society was a settled agricultural economy involving cattle herding and the cultivation of olive oil and grains. In Jebel Nafusa villages such as Nalut, Gasr al-Hajj (Qasr al-Haj), Yafran, Jadu, and Kabaw, ancient qasrs (fortified granaries) and olive presses remain from this period. The region is a major tourist attraction. Only a few Berbers still lead a semi-nomadic life.
The Berber languages, known collectively as Tamazight, belong to the Afro-Asiatic language family. The Berber languages are related to the ancient Egyptian and Semitic languages. The Tifinagh script is derived from the Punic alphabet of the Phoenicians but is rarely used, except by the Tuareg, who are also of Amazigh origin, in writing their language, Tamasheq, but individual letters are often used as tattoos on Berber women's hands and face, and on pottery, rugs, and jewellery. Libyan Berbers are nearly all bilingual, although there are said to be people who only speak Berber in Awjila, south of Ajdabiya.
Historically, the Berbers were marginalized from government and politics which were centred in Arabic-speaking – or, under the Ottomans, Turkish-speaking – towns, although Sulaiman al-Barouni, from the Jebel Nafusa, was President of the short-lived Tripolitanian Republic in 1919.
Under the Gaddafi regime, Amazigh culture was repressed. It did not fit with the main official narrative that emphasized Arab Bedouin identity. In international speeches, Gaddafi denied the existence of Imazighen/Berbers, calling them Berber Arabs. Parents were not allowed to give their children Amazigh names. At the end of the 20th century, however, a regional Amazigh movement emerged to seek recognition of Amazigh identity and socio-cultural rights, and an international Amazigh flag was designed. As part of this development, Libyan Imazighen/Berbers became more empowered and consciously propagated their identity, language, and culture, especially on the Internet. Lobbying at the United Nations resulted in Amazigh names, such as Numidia and Massinissa, finally being allowed.
Following the fall of the Gaddafi regime, Amazigh activism was openly expressed, and Amazigh individuals took on more prominent roles. In June 2013, Nouri Abusahmain was elected President of the General National Congress. He represents Zuwara, on the Tunisian border, and is the first member of the Amazigh community since al-Barouni to win a leadership role in Libya.
The tribe was historically the basis of social organization across North Africa, although structures changed over time. Many of the tribes that exist today trace their origins back to the 11th century, when the great tribal confederations of Banu Hilal and Banu Salim moved from the Arabian Peninsula to North Africa. The reasons for this migration have been much debated, but, as Ibn Khaldun demonstrated, an important result was to solidify in place both Islam and the Arabic language. Broadly speaking, the Banu Hilal settled in Tripolitania and the Banu Salim in Cyrenaica.
It has been estimated that there are approximately 140 different tribes (many of which have branches stretching over international frontiers into Tunisia to Egypt to Chad), but, according to Faraj Najem, a sociologist who has specialized in the study of Libyan tribes, no more than thirty wield any demonstrable influence (al-Sharq al-Awsat, 22 February 2011). By comparison with other North African countries, though, this influence is remarkable, and the reasons lie in the nature of the society that Gaddafi inherited and the policies he adopted in order to stay in power.
After the 1969 coup, Gaddafi announced that he wanted to end tribalism, and the country was divided into administrative zones that did not correspond to traditional tribal borders. Eventually, however, he came to rely on tribal relations: tribal affiliation, for instance, was important in obtaining employment in Gaddafi's General People's Committees or in the security apparatus.
Gaddafi's revolutionary framework was centred on his own Qadhadhfa tribe. This was a minor tribe, but it was allied to the much larger Warfalla (near Bani Walid), Zuwayya (near Kufra), and Magarha tribes. Abdessalam Jalloud, Gaddafi's second-in-command for at least two decades, was a prominent member of the Magarha, as was Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, who was found guilty of the Lockerbie bombings. The Warfalla supplied many personnel for Gaddafi's security apparatus.
In eastern Libya, the largest and most influential tribes are the nine Saadi tribes that claim descent from the Banu Sulaym. Among the most powerful of all is the Barasa tribe, which is influential in Benghazi and Derna. Gaddafi's wife Safia came from the Barasa. The other prominent tribes are the Awaqir, the Magharba, the Abid, the Urfa, the Ubaidat, the Hasa, the Fawaid, and the Dursa. The Awaqir played a prominent role in opposing Ottoman and Italian colonialism and later provided men who held senior positions within Gaddafi's regime. The Misrata tribe, which is particularly influential in Benghazi and Derna, has links with the district of the same name in north-western Libya. It was largely opposed to the Gaddafi regime.
Some tribes have links across Libya. The Firjan tribe is centred west of Ajdabiya but has members in Sirte, Zliten, and Tripoli. There is also a branch in Tunisia, just as the Qadhadhfa has a branch in Egypt. The Zuwayya, Warfalla, Magarha, and Maslata dominate Fezzan but are also important in the hinterland of Tripoli. Most people in Tripoli itself are affiliated with the Misrata tribe, in which the Muntasir clan and the families of Suni, Qadi, and al-Bashti are prominent.
In addition, there are mixed Arab-Amazigh tribes called Marabtin, such as the Fawakhir, Mnifa, and Qatan. Marabtin tribes used the land as clients of dominant tribes. Two of these tribes, the Awlad Nuh and the Awlad al-Shaykh, live more independently and act as traditional mediators in disputes.
Tuareg and Toubou
The south-western Sahara is the domain of the Amazigh Tuareg, who speak Tamasheq. The original homeland of the Tuareg stretches from Libya, Niger, Algeria, and Mali to Mauritania. This group of originally semi-nomadic herdsmen is divided into two subgroups: the Teda in the north and the far more numerous Daza in the south. According to official figures, only 12,000 to 15,000 live in Libya, around Ghat, Ghadames, and Murzuq.
The nomadic Toubou community resides in the Tibesti Mountains, which are divided between Chad and Libya.
Religious Composition
Libya also has small communities of Christians: Roman Catholics, Coptic Orthodox, and Anglicans have their own places of worship.
Ibadi Muslims
Among the Berbers of the Jebel Nafusa, there are an unknown numbers of Ibadi Muslims, a minority group that today is strongest in Oman and Zanzibar, with smaller communities in Algeria and Tunisia. Among the Libyan Berbers adherents do not always acknowledge their religious affiliation openly.
The Ibadis are said to stem from Kharijites. Their propagandists reached Tripolitania and later took root in the Jebel Nafusa, where they formed a local imamate that expanded briefly onto the coast in the mid-8th century before being forced back into the desert. After the 9th century, they were confined to isolated communities in the Mzab in Algeria, the island of Djerba in Tunisia, and the Jebel Nafusa.
Sufism is the mystical discipline of Islam, in which the personal relation and experience with God is emphasized. In pre-colonial North Africa, Sufi adherents gathered into brotherhoods, and these orders became popular particularly in rural areas. There, they provided some of the structures that might otherwise have been provided by a centralized state: mediation in disputes, assistance to the poor, the encouragement of trade, and, particularly when the Ottoman Empire proved unable to mount effective resistance to the encroaching armies of Christian powers, a military organization. The most powerful brotherhood in Libya was the Senussi, which was based in eastern Libya.
The Salafiya is a religious movement of reform that emerged in Islam in the 19th century. Its adherents (Salafis) believe that the 'pious ancestors' (salaf), who were associates of the Prophet Muhammad, should be the only model for later Muslims in matters of belief, worship, and conduct. They claim to practise an Islam that is pure and unadulterated. In the 20th century, these doctrines were increasingly directed against state governments that the Salafis deemed irreligious and, in the most extreme form, became a source of internal jihad.
After the 2011 revolt, a growing number of Salafi groups in Libya sought to profit from the unstable security situation that existed during the period of transitional government. Many members of Salafi militias subsequently refused to integrate themselves into the nascent government forces.
The most prominent Salafi group, Ansar al-Sharia, based in Benghazi, was formed from former rebels who shared a common Salafi ideology: they were involved especially in the protection of public places such as hospitals. Another centre for Salafi groups is eastern Libya, in cities such as Derna. Most groups have links with groups in other regions and countries, but it is not always clear to what extent they are actually involved in terrorism.
Salafism is often portrayed as ideologically synonymous with Saudi Wahhabism, yet even though Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab himself is respected as an early proponent of the need to return to pure religious practices, hard-line Salafis are strongly opposed to personality cults. They regard shrines as idolatrous, and in 2011 and 2012 Salafi groups carried out a series of attacks on Sufi tombs, shrines, and mosques and on other religious communities, such as the Copts.
When the Italians colonized Libya in 1911, an estimated 21,000 Jews lived in Tripoli. Their history goes back to the 3rd century BCE, and they flourished during the Roman period by reaching an accommodation with their rulers.
The rise of fascism in Italy greatly disadvantaged the Jewish community economically and culturally, as it did Libyan Muslims, who faced their most severe repression under Mussolini's Generals Pietro Badoglio and Rodolfo Graziani. However, Libyan Jews were generally spared the fate of their European counterparts because they were embedded in middle class and administrative positions. Even so, both Libyan Muslims and Jews ended up in Italian concentration and labour camps in Libya, and about a hundred Jews were sent to European concentration camps.
With the establishment of the Israeli state in 1948 and the 1967 June War, all remaining Libyan Jews migrated to Israel.
After 1969, Gaddafi adopted a pro-Palestinian stance and seized all Jewish properties. Officially, there are no longer any Jews in Libya. In 2004, Gaddafi promised to pay Jews compensation, on condition that they could show they did not hold possessions confiscated from Palestinians after 1948 or had returned them to their rightful owners.
The reasons for this lie in changes associated with the progressive impoverishment of desert communities during the late 19th and the 20th centuries. The Tuareg are distinctive both in their common language, Tamasheq, and their dress (men are famed for wearing veils against the desert heat). Moreover, the nomadic lifestyle of many Tuareg had established kinship links across the Sahara, linking communities in what are now Libya, Algeria, and the western Sudanic countries. Their political system also provided them with a strong sense of identity. It was very hierarchical, with several 'noble' families, a majority of vassals, and a smaller class of black, non-Tuareg slaves who worked in agriculture and cattle herding. Status was essentially based on work as traders or warriors rather than on manual labour. In short, there was a wider ethnic identity that is historically independent of the modern state.
At the same time, these communities were diverse, with a variety of modes of production. Historically, some had lived by collecting protection fees from the trans-Sahara caravans or even by raiding settled communities in the oases or on the desert edges. Others were settled, either in the desert towns where they traded or as horticulturalists in the oases. In the late 19th century, the caravan trade diminished, and many Tuareg lost their main source of subsistence. As the power of colonial states increased, the opportunities for productive warfare decreased.
The early years of independence, in the 1960s and 1970s, coincided with severe droughts in the Sahara that decimated the Tuareg's livestock. Many people had to give up their nomadic way of life and move to cities. Political tensions in Mali and Niger in the 1990s caused further migrations and a war in which Tuareg in Mali fought for more autonomy from the black Malian government. In these circumstances, many Tuareg sought refuge in Libya. The Gaddafi regime welcomed them, promising housing, education, development, and a national identity. Most of these promises went unfulfilled, and many second-generation Libyan Tuareg felt marginalized and increasingly disaffected. Many Tuareg never received Libyan identity papers.
By the later 20th century, the disaffection of a large and distinctive group had been institutionalized by the Gaddafi regime, which fuelled the growth of ethnic tensions when the 2011 revolution took place.
The Toubou (also Tubu or Tibbu) are a nomadic community in the Tibesti Mountains in southern Libya and Chad, and they speak a Nilotic language, Tedaga, rather than a Semitic or Amazigh one. Numbering around 400,000, this group of originally semi-nomadic herdsmen is divided into two subgroups, the Teda in the north and the far more numerous Daza in the south. According to official figures, only 12,000 to 15,000 live in Libya. This is a family and clan-based society centred on oasis cultivation of dates and grain and transhumant herding of cattle.
The Gaddafi regime discriminated actively against the Toubou, subjecting them to forced displacement and denying them citizenship. After the war with Chad and the 1994 ruling by the International Court of Justice that obliged Gaddafi to hand back the Aouzou Strip, he declared that the Toubou were really Chadians. In the early 2000s they were denied basic public services. The regime demolished Toubou homes in Kufra and exiled residents to Chad. Toubou were not allowed to join the Armed Forces or the police, although they have done so since the 2011 revolution. It was not until April 2013 that a Toubou cultural festival could be held in Murzuq, as reported by the Libya Herald.
Discrimination against Foreign Minorities
Racial tensions reached a low point in 2000, when thousands of African migrants were attacked by unemployed Libyan youths. Some Africans sought refuge in embassies before being repatriated. In the 1990s, as the economic situation deteriorated and unemployment increased, resentment of Africans grew. This was exacerbated by Gaddafi's use of African mercenaries in his army. They were enlisted initially in the Islamic Legion that he set up in the 1970s, which was composed mainly of migrants from poor Sahelian countries and used to support his military adventures in sub-Saharan Africa. Then, during the 2011 uprising, Gaddafi was reported to have employed mercenaries from Mali, Niger, and Chad against the rebels, promising to pay them for each rebel they killed. As a result, there was great public dislike of Africans in Libya.
Moroccan, Egyptian, and Palestinian labourers are also often held in contempt, to the extent that that many Arab labourers fled the country in 2011, depriving Libyan cities of essential services.
Foreign Minorities
Exact numbers are not available, but in March 2011 the International Organization for Migration (IOM) estimated that, before the revolution, there were 2.5 million foreign nationals living in Libya. Between the beginning of the crisis in February 2011 and the end of that year, 796,915 migrants fled the violence, mostly to Egypt (263,554) and Tunisia (345,238), although others went south to Chad and Niger or to Algeria. Many made their way by boat to Italy and Malta. 318,007 were third-country nationals (TCN) whom the IOM assisted with onward passage to their own countries of origin. It was one of the largest migration crises in modern history. These foreign workers came from five main sources:
• Other North African countries: the IOM organized the repatriation of 136,749 Tunisians and 173,000 Egyptians in early 2011, although it estimated that there were 1 million Egyptians and 59,000 Sudanese resident before the risings. Egyptians worked in agriculture, construction, and food production (e.g. bakeries). Tunisians, Algerians, and Moroccans (estimated at 120,000 in 2004) were engaged especially in service industries (such as restaurants and cafés).
• South Asia: the IOM estimated pre-revolution populations of 80,000 Pakistanis and 63,000 Bangladeshis. They were mainly males between the ages of 26 and 35, employed in construction as carpenters, masons, and labourers.
• South-east: the IOM estimated pre-revolution populations of 26,000 Filipinos and 10,500 Vietnamese. Overseas Filipino workers (OFW) tended to be more skilled and were employed in oil refining, engineering, nursing, and domestic work.
• Southern Europe: principally Malta, Turkey, and Greece.
• What the IOM described as 'a large population of Sub-Saharan Africans mainly from Niger, Chad, Mali, Nigeria and Ghana'. In the aftermath of the 2011 crisis, the IOM created a profile of Chadians who had fled to their home country: The majority were males aged between 18 and 35 who had never completed primary school and were working as unskilled labourers in construction and agriculture. Most had spent one to five years in Libya, but some families had been there for thirty years or more and had children born in Libya. Workers evacuated to Niger and Mali had similar profiles. In Fezzan, Africans also worked in farming and other agriculture.
Migrant work in Gaddafi's Libya was always precarious, subject to the political whims of the regime. In 1977, many Egyptians were expelled, and, in 1985, 35,000 Tunisians. The most vulnerable were the victims of human trafficking. Two major smuggling routes, via Murzuq and Kufra, serve for the exchange of illicit weapons, petrol, and food, as well as drugs and alcohol. Most of these African migrants used Libya as a transit point on their way to Europe, but there were occasional reports of Africans being sold as slaves, even after the revolution of 2012. The IOM reported that migrants could be purchased for between 270 and 800 Libyan dinars, depending on nationality and type of work. Under Gaddafi, the Libyan government made no significant efforts to investigate and prosecute trafficking offenses or to protect trafficking victims but instead tended to punish the victims of trafficking.
After the July 2012 elections, the issue of migration was debated in the Assembly, with arguments being made either to deport or to legalize the foreign workers. Before the risings, there were 3,100 recorded refugees from Iraq and 2,700 from Palestine. Again, the status of these refugees was subject to arbitrary change as a result of temporary political considerations.
In 2011 there were 93,000 internally displaced persons due to the conflict between pro-Gaddafi and anti-Gaddafi forces. In 2012 the UNHCR stated that the Libyan government indicated its willingness to sign the 1951 Refugee Convention.
Socio-economic Composition
The Human Poverty Index of 2007 (UNDP) put Libya at 13.4, compared with Egypt (23.4) and Algeria (17.5) and the richer Arab Gulf states such as Oman (14.7) and Saudi Arabia (12.1). In general terms, Libya's oil and gas wealth has produced a classification of 'low human poverty', but, according to Libyan sources, there is a large but unquantified difference in income between east and west, with Tripoli more prosperous than Benghazi in infrastructure, houses, schools, and hospitals. Cyrenaica seems generally to have been starved of investment during the Gaddafi era, although the oil that provides the wealth comes mainly from eastern Libya. In January 2003, the Libya Herald reported that the only sewage facility in Cyrenaica was no longer functioning, and other reports said it was more than forty years old. The relative deprivation in the east was the product of Libya's history: the former royal regime was based in Cyrenaica, and, during the Gaddafi period, the major Islamic opposition came from the east. Dissatisfaction in Cyrenaica was a major factor triggering the 2011 revolt.
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In September 2014, Scotland will vote for or against the continuation of the union with England, forged 307 years ago. The outcome of that vote will be momentous for both England and Scotland, full of hidden consequences in uncertain times.
The union of Scotland and England in 1707 comprised two Acts of Parliament: The Union with Scotland Act of 1706 (passed by the Scottish Parliament) and the Union with England Act of 1707 passed by the English Parliament with Scotland. Together the two acts joined England and Scotland, sharing a single monarchy in a United Kingdom of Great Britain.
For the English, the driving forces were the need for constitutional settlement and security. Historically, relations between the two countries had been strained by Scotland's loyalty to the Stuart line of Kings, who were Catholic in religion, in the face of England's preference for the Hanoverian, Protestant succession. The Act of Union secured the Hanoverian Succession after the death of Queen Anne, creating the kingdom of Great Britain, and, in law, ensured that the future monarchy of the new joint kingdom would remain Protestant for all time.
The Union also ensured that any conflict of Scottish interests and those of England would be settled by agreements made between equals. Crucially for the English, no foreign power (i.e. Spain or France) could be called upon, under the act, to interfere in foreign affairs in Scotland's favour against England.
For Scotland, the main advantages of the Union were financial and economic. Prior to the settlement, Scottish estate holders, in particular James Douglas, the 2nd Duke of Queeensbury, had invested heavily but disastrously in a hair-brained scheme of colonisation on the Bismuth of Panama. The backers for the enterprise hoped this would be Scotland's entry into world trade. Unfortunately it was instead an unmitigated disaster from the start.
Under the Act of Settlement, England agreed to cover all personal debt sustained by Scottish investors of the colonisation scheme. This included the Duke, who as Lord High Commisioner to the Parliament of Scotland in 1707, was an influential member of the "Crown Party", a pressure group of Tories and Whigs who were the main backers of union in the Edinburgh Assembly. Bribery was a key factor in securing a "yes" vote.
Generally the Scottish people were against the union, judging from the petitions submitted by the parishes, towns and the Scottish Church. There were massive street protests in Edinburgh, and threats of civil war. Martial law was declared. In the long run, however, such resistance was unfounded. Scottish industry flourished throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. With the industrial revolution in Scottish woollen manufacture, coal, and ship-building, Scotland quickly became a major player in imperial markets and the settlement of the new colonies of Australia and New Zealand.
Terry Jones taught History to adult students taking Foundation courses at a College of Higher Education prior to their entry into full-time degree courses at Warwick and Coventry Universities. Since taking early retirement, he has travelled widely in Eastern Europe, pursuing a life-long interest in 19th and early 20th century European history. He has been a GCSE and "A" level tutor with OOL since 1996.


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Early Years
Innovative and colourful early years solutions from Walton Designs
- Chairs
- Early Years Library
- Novelty Reading
- Soft Play
Click on a range to find out more...
Walton Rumble
Walton Rumble chairs two and three seater sofas offer exciting options for Key Stage 1-3 rooms. Available in a variety of finishes for that grown up look.
Walton Rumble Chair
Walton Rumble 2 Seater
Walton Rumble Chair 3 Seater
Walton Jigsaw
Walton Jigsaw for Key stages 1-3 available in a variety of finishes and 3 heights. For flexibility and fun.
Walton Jigsaw Wedge
Walton Jigsaw Quadrant
Walton Jigsaw Tangent
Walton Easiblock Range
Walton Easiblock Range available for Key Stage 1-3 in 3 heights and a variety of finishes.
Walton Easiblock Range – Mono
Walton Easiblock Range – Duo
Walton Easiblock Range – Wave
Walton Smile Chair
Walton Smile Chair available in 3 heights for Key Stage 1-3 and available in a variety of fabric finishes.
Walton Smile Chair
Walton Smile
Walton Smile Key Stage 1-3 furniture range with flexibility and fun built in available in 3 heights and a variety of fabric finishes.
Description heights
Circular chair 520 560 590
Seat Height 310 350 380
Circular stool 310 350 380
Segment stool 310 350 380
Outer curved 310 350 380
Walton Dining Set
Walton Dining Set for Key Stage 1-3.
Walton Dining Set
Description height width depth
Standard Table 590 1200 600
Standard Table 640 1200 600
Standard Table 590 1600 600
Standard Table 640 1600 600
Standard Bench 350 1050 280
Standard Bench 380 1050 280
Standard Bench 350 1450 280
Standard Bench 380 1450 280
Floor Cushion
Floor cushion for colourful flexible seating. Filling: Foam crumb. Water resistant fabric as standard. Ideal for schools paly rooms etc.
- 55cm x 55cm x 20cm
Small Bean Bag
Classic practical bean bag design for soft seating. Filling: Beans. Water resistant fabric as standard .
Fixed Colour Set: Red, Yellow, Green, Blue and Orange
- 65cm Diameter x 40cm High
Square Seating Slab
Colourful square seating slabs. Water resistant fabric as standard.
- 48cm x 48cm x 6cm
Bookcase – Single Sided
18mm MF-MDF single sided bookcase with castors. Available in a variety of colours and finishes.
Product Code: DIS-BDU-800x480x1275
- (W) 800mm x (D) 480mm x (H) 1275mm
Bookcase/Shelf Unit
18mm MF-MDF bookcase/shelf unit.
Available in a variety of colours and finishes.
Size (W) 1200mm x (D) 300mm x (H) 1200mm
- Size (W) 1200mm x (D) 300mm x (H) 1200mm
Display Unit – Double Sided
18mm MF-MDF double sided bookcase. Available in a variety of colours and finishes.
Product Code: DIS-L-BDU-1000x600x900
Size (W) 1000mm x (D) 600mm x (H) 900mm
Reading Castle
Make reading fun with this dedicated reading area with an adventure theme.
Available in a variety of colours.
PRODUCT CODE: ELY-L-RCA-2300x2300x900
- (W)2300x(D)2300x(H)900
Can be made to custom dimensions at extra cost.
One Piece Chair
A robust durable and stylish one piece polypropylene chair certified to EN1729 Part 1 & 2. The benefit of one piece with no screws or bolts they are tamper proof and with no sharp edges are ideal for children. Sizes 5 & 6 are tested and rated up to 25 stone.
Colours may vary from those illustrated, please ask for a sample colour swatch if colour match is critical.
Standard Colours
Green, Yellow, Red, Blue, Purple, Lime, Sky (Light Blue), Orange
Size Guide
Size 1 (1-2 Years)
- Seat Height 260mm
- Overall Height 508mm
- Overall Width 360mm
- Overall Depth 320mm
Size 2 (3-5 Years)
- Seat Height 310mm
- Overall Height 560mm
- Overall Width 360mm
- Overall Depth 320mm
Size 3 (5-7 Years)
- Seat Height 350mm
- Overall Height 655mm
- Overall Width 431mm
- Overall Depth 377mm
Size 4 (7-9 Years)
- Seat Height 380mm
- Overall Height 685mm
- Overall Width 431mm
- Overall Depth 377mm
Size 5 (9-13 Years)
- Seat Height 430mm
- Overall Height 794mm
- Overall Width 482mm
- Overall Depth 420mm
Size 6 (13+ Years)
- Seat Height 460mm
- Overall Height 824mm
- Overall Width 482mm
- Overall Depth 420mm


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Metal Security Door Painting
Here is a video showing a home project that we did in New Smyrna Beach Florida! This project grew into two other exterior security doors being painted. The scope of this video shows 3 sets of iron or aluminum security doors being painted, a mailbox repair and an exterior door replacement.
We also had a local glass company redo the screens for all the metal doors repainted. The paint we used was a 50 year rust proof marine paint. It's like putting an M-n-M shell on top of the metal or item your trying to preserve.
See All Our Denver Painting Services here!
Related Painting Video Posts:
Interior Painting Project 1: Large Interior Painting Project Denver
Interior Painting Project 2: Steps & Banister Painting Denver
Exterior Painting Project 1: Driveway Concrete Painting
Exterior Painting Project 2: Good Exterior Paint Lasts (4 Year Recap)
Exterior Painting Project 3: Garage Walls, Ceilings and Concrete Floor Painting
View More About Our Services:
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Are you wondering which fish are best for first-time aquarium owners? We have five suggestions to help you get started choosing your pets.
For instance, there's the betta or Siamese fighting fish. Both males and females are better off alone, or else they battle. But bettas are beautiful and intelligent. They recognize their owner's face and can learn tricks.
Bettas don't need as much tank space as some species because they only grow up to 3 inches long. On the other hand, please keep your betta in at least a five-gallon tank, so it feels comfortable.
Next, Danios are popular for beginner aquarists because they are active and attractive to watch. They will eat flakes as well as other foods. And since they live in schools, you'll want a group of at least five. Keep them in a 10-gallon tank or larger.
Goldfish are easy to care for although they tend to be messy. They will need partial water changes and a good filtration system. But they are peaceful and colorful. More importantly, they are hardy fish that tolerate cool water temperatures.
Bloodfin tetras can live up to ten years. They are busy little silver and red fish that prefer to hang out with one another. And they also like cooler temperatures so a heater might not be necessary.
Finally, guppies are also a good choice for beginners. They are brightly-colored, especially the males. If you include females in the tank, they will bear young. Plus, they also don't mind cool water as long as the temperature stays constant.
In conclusion, many of the best aquarium starter kits have everything you'll need to raise any of the fish we listed above. At the minimum, you'll need a five or ten-gallon tank, a filter, lights, and a thermometer. Then you can cycle the aquarium to prepare it for your new friends.


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Mechanisms of Heterocellular Signaling at the Myoendothelial Junction
Principal Investigator: Brant E Isakson
Abstract: DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and endothelial cells (EC) in the resistance vessels are functionally linked, and the point of contact between the two cells, the myoendothelial junction (MEJ), plays a key role in many elements of vascular function. However, the location and size of the MEJ have made it extremely difficult to study in vivo. We have developed a model of the MEJ by co-culturing VSMC and EC that show connexin- dependent dye transfer and a coupled pool of Ca2+. Moreover, the mode of intercellular calcium signaling depends on which of the two cell types is stimulated, i.e. intercellular second messenger signaling is polarized, and this appears to mimic signaling patterns seen in vivo. We propose to determine the structural and molecular basis for the intercellular coupling that occurs at the MEJ, which we believe has important implications for the operation of the MEJ in vivo. We will determine which connexins and second messengers are involved in intercellular signaling, and will test whether polarization of calcium communication is determined by selective permeability of the gap junctions at the MEJ or differential expression of second messenger receptors at the MEJ in the two cell types. We propose 3 specific experimental aims: Specific Aim 1 - Use light and electron microscopy-based immunocytochemistry to assess and compare the in vivo and in vitro placement of: a.) connexins, b.) ryanodine receptors, and c.) inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate-receptors at the MEJ;Specific Aim 2 - Measure the effect of modification of the gap junctional connexin composition on: a.) Ca2+ and b.) inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate -mediated intercellular signaling;and lastly, Specific Aim 3 - Assess the effects of cell specific deletion of a) ryanodine receptors and b) inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate-receptors on polarized calcium signaling. Our experiments should enhance understanding of the coordination of VSMC and EC and will provide insights into basic questions of vasomotor control and a variety of pathophysiological responses. The methods by which vascular cells communicate are key for understanding vascular processes such as hypertension and control of blood flow. Our model and the experiments proposed offer the first opportunity to investigate the capabilities of the myoendothelial junction and to understand its role in the vessel wall. We propose to study the ways in which vascular cells utilize this structure to maintain vascular function.
Funding Period: 2008-01-01 - 2013-12-31
more information: NIH RePORT


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A sun room, conservatory, orangerie, glasshouse, greenhouse, garden room, polycarbonate room – call it what you will – it is my favourite room at this time of the year.
It is winter here in Australia and our sun room in the back yard is an ideal place to sit, relax, read, chat, drink tea, listen to music, soak up the winter sunshine and heat. It is light, comfortable, and about 25-30 degrees celcius in the middle of the day whereas the outside temperature is about 10-15 degrees. I love having this space to escape to.
We also grow vegetables and flowers in our sun room!!
To see other responses to this week's photo challenge have a look at this link.


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Phoenix Labs is an online community that has released software that utilizes block lists that are updated frequently to prevent connections to these unfriendly sources. They put out a very nice GUI application for Windows called PeerGuardian2. They do not have an official Linux client that performs this duty, but there is a project called MoBlock which does perform the same function and is in the process of becoming the official Linux PeerGuardian client. For those of you running a Debian based distribution, packages are available through moblock-deb.
To start, add these lines to your "/etc/apt/sources.list" file:
deb http://moblock-deb.sourceforge.net/debian intrepid mainNote: This assumes you are running Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex). If you are running a different version of Ubuntu or are running Debian, check their website for the appropriate entries. They tend to drop support for outdated versions of Ubuntu so you may have to do a bit of digging to find the appropriate mirror listed on their site. Or you could upgrade to a newer version, of course.
deb-src http://moblock-deb.sourceforge.net/debian intrepid main
Next, run these commands, in order, at the Terminal:
gpg --keyserver wwwkeys.eu.pgp.net --recv 9072870BThe first two lines import the necessary keys to verify the digital signatures of the packages. The next line updates the list of available packages. The last line will install MoBlock. The installation process is not as simple and straightforward as most, but its not terribly complicated. I just selected the default values for all of the options, which is fine unless you are looking for a really fancy setup. The daemon is controlled through an interface called blockcontrol and all commands must be run as root.
gpg --export --armor 9072870B | sudo apt-key add -
sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude install moblock
To start the daemon:
sudo blockcontrol startTo stop the daemon:
sudo blockcontrol stopTo restart the daemon:
sudo blockcontrol restartTo update the blocklist:
sudo blockcontrol updateTo view the settings and status of the daemon:
sudo blockcontrol statusTo check if the daemon is doing its job:
sudo blockcontrol testThe daemon will load upon system startup and the blocklists get updated daily on their own. For further details, check out the project page at http://moblock-deb.sourceforge.net/. There is also a GUI application available called mobloquer. You can download it by typing:
sudo aptitude install mobloquerSince I'm running a headless server without a GUI you're on your own for figuring out how it works if you want a GUI. There are other GUIs available that work with MoBlock called MoBlockGUI and EasyBlock Interface that you could also try out if you are so inclined.
Obligatory disclaimer:
There are many uses for P2P networks, both legal and illegal. One of the best ways to obtain installation media for Linux distributions is by using BitTorrent, which is completely legal. I do not endorse or encourage the downloading of copyright or otherwise illegal content. If you choose to download such material you do so at your own risk and I will not be held responsible in any way for your actions.


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Liza stayed behind to be with Estelle. It's funny, the images the mind constructs about people, she thought, as she watched her mother-in-law's chest rise and fall. When they loom the largest in your life, the archetype gets hard-wired. No matter what happens after that moment, this is the version you always remember. Liza saw her father as a robust, dark-haired man running on the beach or showing her how to bait a hook and swing the line far out in to the northern California surf. Yet she was surprised each time this stooped, gray-haired man came to meet her flight. No matter how her husband aged, she was certain she'd see the clear, green eyes and amused, crooked grin of the Adam who watched her mince down the aisle in her wedding dress and heels, actual high heels, when all she'd ever worn was sneakers or sandals, depending on the season.
And Estelle?
Estelle would always be a force. She would always be a loud, opinionated, pigeon-breasted tank of a woman. She would forever stand on the porch of the house Adam and Charlie had grown up in, her hands on her hips, her dyed red hair glowing like fire underneath the lamp. A cigarette would dangle from her mouth, and she'd lean forward into the night as if to scold it. She'd watch a nervous Adam pull into the driveway, bringing only his second serious girlfriend home to meet his mother. He'd been nervous because Liza hadn't dressed the way he suggested. Because she didn't bring the gift he suggested. And the first words out of Estelle's mouth were, "Schmuck, when are you going to get that muffler fixed already, you probably woke the whole neighborhood."
Not, "Nice to meet you."
Not even, "It's about time you got here."
No. Forever Liza would remember this woman belittling the man who would become her husband.
But not this version of her mother-in-law, this sallow bag of flesh hooked to machines, this woman whose already short legs had gotten so thin she looked merely like a torso and a head, a magic trick.
The head's eyes flickered.
"Liza." Estelle's voice was small and raspy.
She leaned closer and tentatively pressed a hand to her mother-in-law's shoulder. "Yes. It's me."
Estelle worked her lips together. They look chapped and uncomfortable. Why hadn't the nurses seen to that? "Can I, uh, get you something?" Liza asked. "Lip balm? Water?"
Estelle's bloodshot eyes lolled in Liza's direction. "I want a cigarette."
Liza didn't know whether to laugh or cry. And knowing Estelle, there was probably a pack and a lighter in her purse right now. Maybe she'd even had one while waiting for the EMTs. "I think you've had your last cigarette."
"Then kill me."
"I know it's hard. But you won't be able to smoke anymore."
"I meant it. Kill me. Pull the plug."
"You'll do it. Adam won't have the heart."
She was too tired to feel insulted. "I will not..."
"When it gets bad."
"You'll put a pillow over my head."
"Stop talking like that. They have better treatment now..." Liza looked into Estelle's eyes. The possibility hadn't occurred to her until now. What if Estelle herself didn't know? If the doctors had considered her too incoherent to make rational decisions about her treatment options, maybe she wasn't rational enough to comprehend the scope of her condition.
"You could go on the patch."
"Patch." Estelle laughed weakly. "If they got a patch for this, I'm the Queen of Sheba."
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Bucktown woodcock, late ice, turkey, swimming sandhills: Notes, Chicago outdoors
Chicago Sun-Times
Tim Jacob sent this photo from Amanda Beto of a woodcock in Bucktown. Wild of the Week, the celebration of the wild stories and photos around Chicago outdoors, runs when warranted on Sundays on the Sun-Times outdoors page. Send nominations by Facebook ...
View Our Outdoor Source>>>>>>>>>>>>> .


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Personal Interests
The belief in and commitment to equality among all humanity. The social, legal, political and economic realities of the world we live in make feminism a likely method for survival of the planet in any semblance of diversity and equality. The Feminist perspective being uniquely sympathetic to a global village concept, in which all are valued and nurtured to their individual maximum expression. A utopian concept underlies my belief in the possibility of a truly feminist society in which sexism is non-existent, or at least so rare as to be shockingly offensive and self -censured , where misogyny is unheard of , and bigotry is incomprehensible to the rational mind.
The feminist principal is based on the equality of the sexes, with the understanding that as a species the very survival of this civilization depends on the cooperation and mutual support of both genders. There is space and opportunity to grow in feminism. The idea of equality is not an absolute and identical mold but rather an evolving, growing, changing series of attitudes and actions to promote well being among the inhabitants of this beautiful rock we call Earth.
I love my family, it keeps growing and going. What would I be without them. My parents drove me crazy with traditions and expectations but let me know I could do whatever I wanted anyway. The joy of my sister and brothers is rooted in the shared tortures and triumphs of childhood and the certainty of continuity in adulthood. My tias, tios and cousins add sugar and spice, gossip and advise, laughter and tears, and memories of weddings, graduations, anniversaries and vacations. I love my nieces and nephews beyond my wildest dreams, and especially I love Chris and Elena and the Jefferies family as my chosen prize.
The reason I stay in California . The landscape is just not this hospitable and diversified anyplace else. I love to get high in the Sierra. So far I've made it to the top of Half Dome, Clouds Rest, Mount Lassen, El Paso Peak, Amelia Earhart Peak, Castolon Peak in Big Bend and Waynu Picchu in Machu Picchu, Peru. Almost to the top of Mt Conness, Mt Shasta and Matterhorn Peak. I am looking forward to trying Banner Peak and Lambert Dome soon. The Hot Springs are an extra perk for suffering the backpacking trek, remember to remember that taking off a backpack is a pleasure beyond measure and the body loves to breathe hard and sweat.
Book Group


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Mohave County Sheriff's deputies arrested John Matthew Barela, 36, of Bullhead City, Monday (10/9) afternoon for theft of means of transportation and possession of stolen property, felonies. Approximately 1:30 p.m., deputies responded to a theft of a motorcycle at a residence in the 4800 block of S Mesa Villas Drive. The victim reported that someone had stolen his 2004 Honda. The victim further reported that he had last seen his motorcycle Sunday (10/8) evening parked in his driveway. The motorcycle was entered into the National Crime Information Center as stolen. Later that afternoon, at about 3:32 p.m., deputies received a call from the victim indicating that he located a male subject riding his motorcycle in the area of Gardner Road and Calle Del Media, then heading towards Highway 95. Deputies responded and located the reported stolen motorcycle parked near a business in the 4100 block of Lynn Drive. Deputies searched the area and located a male subject running near Valencia and Schiffer Road. Deputies caught up with the male subject and detained him. The male subject was identified as Barela. Barela initially denied stealing or riding a motorcycle. Eventually, Barela admitted to driving and stealing the motorcycle. Barela was transported and booked into the Mohave County Jail.
Barela was also arrested for aggravated assault with a dangerous instrument and criminal trespassing, felonies, regarding a September 18th incident. Investigations began Monday (9/18) at about 6:08 a.m., when deputies responded to a criminal damage report at a residence in the 4600 block of Calle Esperanza. Upon arrival, deputies contacted a 39-year-old female victim. The victim reported that a guy by the nickname of Mumbles broke into her house and assaulted her. Mumbles was later identified as Barela. The victim said that Barela broke a window and assaulted her with a stick after she woke up and found him hiding under a table in her living room. The victim further said that Barela left the scene. Deputies observed a small cut on the victims' shoulder. The victim refused medical attention. Deputies attempted to locate Barela without success.


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You need to write a blog if you hope to raise your online visibility. When running a blog and creating an online presence, you're allowing many opportunities to come your way. It can be a great way to promote your small business. It can also be a way to get your opinion out there. Maybe you have a hobby you want to promote. Keep reading for more ideas about writing a blog.
Strive to maintain a presence on your blog and be there when your readers have questions. Make it a habit to respond to your readers when they have a question. Connecting to your readers means that you won't let them down. If you are tempted to abandon your blog, remember all of the readers that will be disappointed if you disappear.
Be certain your blog uses SEO, or search engine optimization. As you wish to appeal to the widest range of viewers possible, then it is important that the blog is visible within search results. Choose unique keywords and sprinkle them throughout your blog's titles and content to attract new readers.
Comment on other blogs to increase interest in yours. If you like Google reader, create a separate folder in it for other blogs you're following. Read your favorite blogs and comment on them regularly. Make sure your comments have value, but don't hesitate to comment if you have something to say.
Do not copy other people's articles. One of the most important things your blog can cultivate is a reputation for honesty and reliability. Even the smallest bit of plagiarized content puts that reputation at risk. To be successful with your blog it's not important to be a trained writer, but you must be passionate about your topic.
Your blog should stand out from the masses of other blogs. Readers will be attracted to unique content. Adding information that is hard to find will have the same results. Choose to write about a unique experience, or a hobby most people aren't familiar with. Explain how certain popular technologies work. You need to give readers a reason to visit your blog if they are searching for information.
You should allow guest posts to help increase blog traffic. This helps you build up connections with other bloggers, which is a helpful tool. Never underestimate what the power of having good relationships can do. You may need a favor at some point in time, and the blogger that you allowed to post on your blog will likely be ready to help you.
Allow readers to post and respond to comments. You can develop a good relationship with readers this way and become more active in your blog posting community. When it is understood that you are actively responding to all comments that are left for you, your readers will return often to see how you responded to their individual comments.
Mailing List
Try to start accumulating addresses for your mailing list right away. If you create the list early enough, it will have ample time to grow. A mailing list is a great way to stay connected with your readers. It is a serious mistake to delay starting your mailing list.
Choose unique keywords to that other blogs aren't using. If you choose to use the same keywords as every other site then your site will become lost in the sea of internet. If you would like to attract readers, be unique.
Post your blog articles to as many places on the Internet as you can. This will ensure that you get the widest viewership possible. There is no such thing as too much viewership. You want to access all of your possible viewers in one powerful maneuver. You should exhaust every possible avenue in order to increase your blog's online presence.
Use bold and italicized type for all your keywords. This will make your keywords stand out and can enhance your search engine results. You want your keywords to stand out so your readers will click on it faster.
Make sure you know what you are talking about before you start writing a blog. If you don't do any research, you could end up giving your readers inaccurate information. You have to also know enough about the topic to be able to respond in a smart way to those who comment on the blog post.
Decide what your goals are before you begin to blog. Would you like to gain recognition as an expert and create a reputation for yourself? Maybe you are wanting to make money. Perhaps it would be best if you had many goals. You need to clarify your goals and make your blog conform to those goals.
Give your readers easy access to you via a contact page. Doing this will allow visitors to come to you with any concerns, questions, or comments they may have. As your blog grows in popularity, more people of all types will visit your blog, so a way for you to receive feedback via the contact page is invaluable.
Make your blog's homepage unique. A custom homepage has much more flavor than a simple list of posts. This will be helpful, as you will probably be found through search engines or links.
Use interlinks to encourage readers to visit several of your pages in one visit. Interlinking will enhance site navigation, and your readers will greatly appreciate that fact. One annoying thing about amateur blogs is the inability to find other pages. Make finding things simple for the reader without overwhelming them.
Incentives, such as freebies, can be a great way to draw new visitors and keep them coming back. Everybody loves to get free things, and they don't have to be expensive items. You should give away lots of the product to achieve the biggest result possible. If people think you may be giving something away, they will check your blog often.
Now you should know more about blog posting and how you can make money, promote your business, or even gain fame from it. Make sure you have thoroughly absorbed the tips in this article, so you will give yourself the best chance of success.


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Theme verse for new teaching series…
These verses are guiding my thoughts as they relate to the new teaching series (1+3=) which starts this week at all 4RC campuses.
I'm asking this question… If the people of God are supposed to mature and grow into something strong and special… why is it that so often we see immaturity and weakness from church folk? Are we missing something? Are you missing something?
What's missing?
Ephesians 3:14-21
14 When I think of all this, I fall to my knees and pray to the Father,[e] 15 the Creator of everything in heaven and on earth.[f] 16 I pray that from his glorious, unlimited resources he will empower you with inner strength through his Spirit. 17 Then Christ will make his home in your hearts as you trust in him. Your roots will grow down into God's love and keep you strong. 18 And may you have the power to understand, as all God's people should, how wide, how long, how high, and how deep his love is. 19 May you experience the love of Christ, though it is too great to understand fully. Then you will be made complete with all the fullness of life and power that comes from God.
20 Now all glory to God, who is able, through his mighty power at work within us, to accomplish infinitely more than we might ask or think. 21 Glory to him in the church and in Christ Jesus through all generations forever and ever! Amen.


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The AxiaLIF+® (Axial Lumbar Interbody Fusion) System is designed to create a safe and reproducible anterior retroperitoneal pre-sacral access route to the L5-S1 vertebral bodies.
(click to rotate)
AxiaLIF+ must be used with supplemental fixation. Please see indications for use.
The AxiaLIF+® (Axial Lumbar Interbody Fusion) System is designed to create a safe and reproducible anterior retroperitoneal pre-sacral access route to the L5-S1 vertebral bodies.
The featured instrumentation is designed to enable standard of care fusion principles, distraction, and stabilization of the anterior lumbar column, while mitigating the soft tissue trauma associated with traditional lumbar fusion.
Every step of the AxiaLIF+® procedure – Access, Discectomy, Grafting, Distraction, and Stabilization – is designed to produce quality patient outcomes including excellent fusion rates and low complication rates with procedural efficiencies in mind.
TranS1's foundational solution, AxiaLIF+, requires only a 2 cm incision size, which reduces blood loss, inpatient stay, and interoperative time – all while achieving a 94% fusion rate.*
With AxiaLIF, the fact that you don't violate any of the muscular or ligamentus structures of the spine to get to your target is a huge benefit. That's what appeals to me — you have the natural access corridor to get to the disc without damaging the patient's anatomy.Dr. David Hart, MD
Biomechanical Stability
Numerous studies have documented the excellent fusion rate and biomechanical stability of AxiaLIF+®. (1,2,3,4) The strength of the implant enables surgeons to build a strong foundation at the base of the spine.
Individualized Approach
The internal distraction rod in AxiaLIF+® allows surgeons to individualize distraction in situ based on each patient's needs. This highly adjustable distraction is achieved as the internal rod is advanced between robust, static anchors.
Shaped for Success
The bone-engagement surfaces on the superior aspect of the implants have a full taper design in which each revolution cuts new, larger threads in the endplate.
Minimal Trauma
The patented pre-sacral approach AxiaLIF+® causes less patient blood loss, less operating room time, and quick patient recovery.(1,2,3,4)
The AxiaLIF+® implant first received FDA 510(k) clearance in 2006.
Arthrodesis, pre-sacral approach designated as a Category 1, non-experimental CPT Code (22586)
14,000+ procedures performed
1. Bradley WD, Hisey MS, Verma-Kurvari S, Ohnmeiss DD. Minimally invasive trans-sacral approach to L5-S1 interbody fusion: Preliminary results from 1 center and review of the literature. Int J Spine Surg. 2012;6:110-4. PubMed PMID: 25694879; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4300883.
2. Marchi L, Oliveira L, Coutinho E, Pimenta L. Results and complications after 2-level axial lumbar interbody fusion with a minimum 2-year follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine. 2012 Sep;17(3):187-92. PubMed PMID: 22803626.
3. Tobler WD, Gerszten PC, Bradley WD, Raley TJ, Nasca RJ, et al. Minimally invasive axial presacral L5-S1 interbody fusion: two-year clinical and radiographic outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Sep 15;36(20):E1296-301. PubMed PMID: 21494201.
4. Aryan HE, Newman CB, Gold JJ, Acosta FL Jr, Coover C, Ames CP..2008. Percutaneous axial lumbar interbody fusion (AxiaLIF) of the L5-S1 segment: initial clinical and radiographic experience. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 51(4):225-30. Pubmed PMID: 18683115
5. Mistry AM, Godil SS, Parker SL, McGirt MJ. Axial presacral lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic literature review. J Manag Care Med. 2014;17(3):47-56.


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Norwegian Jade Cruise Photos
From: Norwegian Jade Cruise Review
Day 1: Departure from Venice (3)
Norwegian Jade left Terminal 117 at 5:30 p.m.
After the ship had turned, tugboats held Norwegian Jade on a tight leash as the ship sailed up the Giudecca Canal toward the Piazza San Marco under the command of a Venetian harbor pilot.
When Norwegian Jade passed San Basilio (Venice's
pier and cruise terminal for smaller ships), we were treated to a view of
Uniworld's River Countess, which we'd cruised on nine months earlier.
Farther up the Giudecca Canal, we saw something that comes out of storage only once a year: a temporary pontoon bridge between Venice's historic center and the island of Giudecca, which was being assembled during our passage.
The bridge makes it possible to walk across the Giudecca Canal to the Redentore Church, where the local prelate and other dignitaries bless worshippers during the Festa del Redentore or Festival of the Redeemer in July. (See our Venice Travel Blog post about a previous festival with videos of boat races and fireworks.)
As Norwegian Jade cruised through St. Mark's Basin,
some passengers enjoyed the views while others tested their selfie sticks.
In this photo of the waterfront east of Venice's Piazza San Marco, you can see a moored yacht, a tour boat, and (in the foreground), a public water bus.
It wasn't long until we were cruising past the Lido di Venezia's Lagoon waterfront. (The Lido is the barrier island that separates the Adriatic Sea from the Venetian Lagoon. It's also a popular beach resort that hosts the Venice Film Festival.)
As we continued along the navigation channel, we were passed by a motonave of ACTV, Venice's public-transportation system. (ACTV operates boats and small ships to islands and other locations throughout the Venetian Lagoon.)
Less than an hour after leaving the Marittima cruise basin, we approached a gap in the narrow strip of land that divides the Lagoon from the Adriatic.
We quickly passed through the gap (known as the Porto di Lido). In this photo, you can see construction work on MOSE, a flood-control project similar to London's Thames Barrier that is designed to keep water from the Adriatic from pushing into the Venetian Lagoon during unusually high tides.
On Norwegian Jade's port side, Italians crowded a popular beach that faced the Adriatic.
We passed a final navigation marker and were in the Adriatic Sea, with two and a half days until our first port of call in Santorini, Greece.
We spent the rest of our first evening on Norwegian Jade enjoying dinner in the Grand Pacific dining room, followed by a show in the Stardust Theatre and a walk on the Promenade Deck:
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Tip #130: MTM: Trainer Behavior Decisions
Trainer behavior is concerned with what the trainer will do to facilitate learning. The use of relevant examples can ensure that learning occurs more quickly and is retained longer, because the example already has meaning to the learner.
According to Dr. Madeline Hunter, "If the examples have certain critical characteristics, positive transfer will more predictably occur and learning will be accelerated." To produce effective examples:
1. Identify the "essence" of what is to be learned. This essence or critical attribute is that which makes something what it is; no other thing has that particular attribute or set of attributes. Examples of critical attributes:
- Mammals possess mammary glands and hair.
- A pledge is a verbal statement (written or oral) made to


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Sorry, but copying text is forbidden on this website!
The academic discipline known as humanities is the study of how man interprets the world around him. The study of humanities has been around since mankind began investigating and questioning the world they lived in. According to the article "What are the Humanities?"(2000), when the National Endowment for the Humanities was established in 1964, Congress created the following definition of humanities which included the study of:history; literature; philosophy and ethics; foreign languages and cultures; linguistics; jurisprudence or philosophy of law; archeology; comparative religion; the history, theory, and criticism of the arts; and those aspects of the social sciences.
In this definition the key point for distinguishing humanities from other modes of human inquiry is the fact that humanities are based on historical and expressive interpretation rather than theory and logic. Humanities inquire about the human's interpretation of his or her surroundings. The inquiries come from the general population or an individual's own expression of human reaction to historical events and the way that it is expressed through art, science, politics, literature, music, architecture, and religion. Other modes of human inquiry are based off of proven facts and scientific theories. A person's interpretation has little to do with science (What are the Humanities, 2000).
ArtOne of the more controversial ways that the arts have been affected by modern humanities is the showcasing of human bodies as art. An exhibition called Gunther von Hagens' BODY WORLDS: The Original Exhibition of Real Human Bodies is now touring the United States. This exhibition displays human bodies that have been plasticized, doing various normal human activities. Some displays have cadavers in the middle of making a shot in basketball, while others displays a family sitting around a kitchen table. In this day of rapid technological advances, it is sometimes hard to distinguish pure art from criminal activity.
At fist glance most people are amazed to see that technology has allowed a concept like this to be possible. Many people feel that there is much to be learned about the human body through this display of art. On the other hand many people are outraged by the exhibit calling it a denigration of the human spirit. Others have called it a criminal act. The companies that process these human bodies are currently being investigated by the U.S. government. Many fingers have been pointed at China for having a black market for cadavers. No one knows for sure how the companies even come across so many cadavers and if the person's permission was given. One thing is for sure that this form of "art" represents the mind set of the world today. This tiny fraction of the art world represents the change in religious beliefs, technology, and artistic expression today (Cattani, 2008).
MusicMusic is definitely an area that changes through the attitudes and expression of past generations, especially in the African-American community. During the time of slavery music was a way for slaves to capture some of the heritage that was so violently taken away from them. Similar to musicians today, one of the way slaves used music was as a way to express the way they felt about the environment around them. Many songs from those days represented oppression and sorrow. Some other songs represented times of joy or the hope of overcoming oppression. Slaves also used music for celebration, communication, and mourning (Slave Songs, n.d.).
Today's African-American community still uses music in some of the same ways. Times have changed. Slavery has been abolished but from slavery there arose racial separatism, feelings of hate between the races, and distrust of Caucasians by other races. This is where the harshness and intentionally angry voice of "gangsta rap" is derived. This genre of music is an outlet for young African American males to voice the inequality and unjust behaviors that they feel from society.
ArchitectureFrank Lloyd Wright is one the foremost fathers of modern American architecture. He believed that past methods for architecture were relied too heavily. Wright made it a point to reject the 19th century European architecture that people were used to. His style was attributed to the blocks he played with as a child and from modern Japanese architecture. Since the world was going through a new industrial period, Wright felt is was necessary to include materials that emphasized the world around him. He began to use materials such as steel and glass in his architecture. Open floor plans with few walls separating rooms were also a turn from traditional architecture (Modern Architecture, 2007).
PhilosophyOne of the noted pioneers of modern philosophy is John Dewey. Among other branches of philosophy, Dewey was relentless on the subject of experimental education. Dewey believed that the current method of education was more concerned with feeding children information rather then learning from the child's experiences. Dewey believed that it is the educator's responsibility to facilitate learning in a way which accounts for each student's uniqueness. Today, many school philosophies are still based on Dewey's theory of experience (Neill, 2005).
LiteratureThe information age has had a lasting effect on modern literature. Through T.V., the internet, and the media information is capable of being exchanged over long distances in a very short period of time. Mankind has shown a hunger for information in modern years. In the 21st century literature related to true events have become very popular. Because of this, the status of celebrities has somewhat fallen. The people who used to be held as iconic figures have become as human as everyone else today. Instead of the imaginative fiction literary works that used to be the norm, today autobiographies and tabloid magazines are flying off the shelves. The situation only reflects the information driven society from which it comes.
The study of humanities is an ever changing journey. Humanities will changes with the questions and expression about every generation to come. Humanities are unique in that a quest for the purpose and meaning of the human life is being sought. As time goes on, the study of humanities will be become broader, taking with it all the questions of yesterday.
Cattani, T. (2008). Human cadavers on display…as an attraction?. Retrieved February 22, 2008,from Living Lake Country Web site: http://community.livinglakecountry.com/blogs/from_another_side/archive/2008/02/15/human-cadavers-on-display-as-an-attraction.aspxModern Architecture, (2007). Retrieved February 22, 2008, from Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia Web site:


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The DogPeople Blog
Dog friendly articles and ideas
General Station
Telephone: 01208 73555
Website: www.bodminrailway.co.uk
Email: Click to send a message
Message has been sent
Get directions to here from:-
Cornwall's only standard guage steam railway. Trains operate on a 6 1/2 mile long steep branch line from Boscarne Junction on the River Camel in the north to Bodmin Parkway on the River Fowey in the south.
Opening Times:
Open various days February to May, daily June to September, various days October to January. Please check timetable via website link for full details.
Dog Restrictions:
Dogs carried for £1 (Dog Ticket) on all trains except dining trains. Please keep them on the floor not on the furniture!
Your message has been sent


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i) Hindi Teachers attended a workshop held at ISM on 4th October 2012 by eminent educationist Mrs. Sanyukta Luthra. The teachers were made aware of the various changes in the field of Hindi teaching and Higher Order Thinking Skills.
ii) The teachers of the middle & senior school attended a very informative session on "Art of Effective communication for better curriculum transaction" by Ms. Syeda Shujaat Unnisa, faculty Sohar Nursing Institute on 29th November 2012. The teachers learnt about the fine nuances of Spoken English. They were given some important and valuable tips on how to improve the pronunciation of Non –Native Speakers.
iii) A presentation on "How to conduct Parent Teachers Meeting effectively" was conducted by the Principal Sanchita Verma on 29th November 2012.
The teacher's were enlightened that both teachers and parents can work together for betterment of the students.
iv) A presentation on "Language Enhancement" was conducted by Mrs. Divya Johari, Senior English Teacher on 29th November 2012. The faculty members understood the correct usage of many words.
v) An interactive session on "Importance of Pronunciation & Accent in Teaching Learning Process" was conducted by Mr. Gireesh Navath and Mr. Henry Earl Lewis on 6th December 2012. Faculty of Indian School Sohar is thankful to the guest speakers for guiding them as well.


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The Wind Cries Mary
Dave, I am having problems today. My computer may by smarter than I am. I just got on Tweeter for the first time although I have had a Twitter account for a long time. I saw your video of Aunt Edith. I have been thinking about her and wondering how she is doing. She looks so much like Mom that it makes me want to cry. If you think that I would not upset her by sending her a card or writing to her, I would like to have her address. George and I are well. George is legally blind so he sometimes has problems doing the things he wants to do and it makes him mad. I try to help him as much as I can but that is not the same for him. Love you both, Pat


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Asbestos in Soil Remediation Scheme
City of Wolverhampton Council launched an investigation into potential contamination on the Farndale Estate in 2005.
This investigation was in response to information that parts of the former Courtaulds Dunstall Hall Works site may be contaminated with carbon disulphide, a chemical used in the manufacture of Rayon.
The investigation involved the testing of approximately 300 properties as well as roadways and verges. The results revealed a small number of properties with high levels of carbon disulphide, which were remediated by a third party.
Former Courtaulds Site, Wolverhampton
City of Wolverhampton Council also undertook further investigation work throughout the estate where the initial investigation for carbon disulphide revealed elevated levels of other contaminants, these included mercury and lead.
Asbestos was identified in gardens at several properties throughout the estate during these two previous investigations. The Council undertook a third investigation across the estate to assess the extent of any asbestos contamination. Those properties with unacceptable levels of mercury, lead or asbestos contamination have been formally determined as contaminated land by the Council and the owners and occupiers informed of the issues.
As a result of the investigations described above, City of Wolverhampton Council are satisfied that the contamination present poses a significant possibility of significant harm, and as a result have determined 81 properties as contaminated land under Part 2A of the Environmental Protection Act 1990.
Garden Remediation
For those properties that have been determined as contaminated land under the provisions of Part 2A, and whose gardens require remediation, a suitable method to achieve the remediation is required.
The council as the regulator is satisfied that the most suitable form of remediation for all contaminants on the site is the excavation and removal of the top 600mm of existing soils in rear gardens and 300mm in front gardens. This excavation will include the removal of all existing vegetation including trees, shrubs, turf etc.
After completing a European wide tender process the council have now appointed Hydrock as its contractors to undertake the clean-up of asbestos affected gardens. Hydrock are a company who have a lot of experience of dealing with remediation schemes such as these and we are looking forward to working with them.
Hydrock started work in January in the Gatis Street/Marksbury Close area of the Farndale estate, and this area is now nearing completion.
Work has started on several properties within Glaisdale Gardens. Once this work is finished, they will then begin works in Roxby Gardens/Bransdale Close. The final phase of works in Ingleby Gardens/Whernside Drive/Farndale Avenue are expected to start in later in the year, though with all these works, residents are being contacted by Hydrock with more accurate dates as to when works in their area is due to start.
This involves excavation of the contaminated soil from the rear and front gardens of the affected properties, and removing it to landfill. Once this is completed, clean soil will be brought back in to the gardens, before the garden and driveway areas of these properties is reinstated.
While these works are being carried out, there will be greater amounts of traffic within the estate, in the form of lorries and works vehicles, and potentially more cars parking on streets as they lose access to their front driveway during the works, and we appreciate everyone's patience, assistance, and understanding with this matter as the works progress.
Works within the Gatis Street/Marksbury Close area is nearing completion, while works are ongoing in Glaisdale Gardens and Bransdale Close/Roxby Gardens.
For all the residents that have been affected by the works, including those whose property is not being remediated, we would like to extend our thanks for your patience, co-operation, and assistance during the ongoing remediation works taking place across the estate.
Download the latest newsletter.


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MUSIC: Surplus – EtiCliQ | @Steve_Surplus
Steve Soetan also known as "Surplus" aka "Eleje TuTu" "Rap Wherey" from Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Ojere, Abeokuta, Ogun State studying Computer Engineering who has part-take in many Rap Competitions and Battles decided to drop this "Freestyle" track after he stormed the "Etisalat Rap Battle" in his school which he titled "EtiCliQ" mixed and mastered by "Levels Beat" off his coming Ep titled "Eleje TuTu Mixtape (E.T.M) Ep" which is bout' to drop soon. Believe me this freestyle track is dope, you won't regret downloading this.
Stay Blessed.. It "Eleje TuTu Mixtape" (Cold Blood)
Download and Enjoy
Connect with Surplus
Facebook: Steve Surplus Soetan
Twitter: @Steve_Surplus
IG: @Iamsurplus


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About A Dogwalker's Christmas Tale
When 21-year old Luce Lockhart maxes out her credit card, she is forced to take a part-time job walking a wealthy developer's dog. At the dog park, she meets Dean, a handsome dogwalker who tells Luce that the developers are going to build a salon over the quaint park. Soon, Luce begins to question whether she should help Dean by acting against her neighbors or ignore him.